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Justia › US Law › Case Law › Federal Courts › Courts of Appeals › Tenth Circuit › 2011 › Kay Electric Cooperative v. City of Newkirk
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Kay Electric Cooperative v. City of Newkirk, No. 10-6214 (10th Cir. 2011)
The City of Newkirk and Kay Electric Cooperative both provide electricity to Oklahoma consumers. "When a city acts as a market participant it generally has to play by the same rules as everyone else. It can't abuse its monopoly power or conspire to suppress competition. Except sometimes it can. If the city can show that its parent state authorized it to upend normal competition [. . . ] the city enjoys immunity from federal antitrust liability. The problem for the City of Newkirk in this case is that the state has done no such thing." Kay sued Newkirk alleging that the City engaged in unlawful tying and attempted monopolization in violation of the Sherman Act, 15 U.S.C. 1,2. The district court refused to allow the case to proceed, granting Newkirk's motion to dismiss after it found the City "immune" from liability as a matter of law. Upon review, the Tenth Circuit found that the state did not authorize Newkirk to enter the local electricity market as it did in this case. The Court reversed the district court and remanded the case for further proceedings.
FILED United States Court of Appeals Tenth Circuit July 29, 2011 PUBLISH Elisabeth A. Shumaker Clerk of Court UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS TENTH CIRCUIT KAY ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE, an Oklahoma Rural Electric Cooperative; and KAY COUNTY RURAL WATER DISTRICT NO. 3, an Oklahoma Rural Water District, Plaintiffs - Appellants, v. THE CITY OF NEWKIRK, OKLAHOMA, a Municipality; and THE NEWKIRK MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY, a public trust, No. 10-6214 Defendants - Appellees. --------------------------------------------OKLAHOMA ASSOCIATION OF ELECTRIC COOPERATIVES, Amicus-Curiae. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma (D.C. No. 10-CV-00347-C) Douglas A. Rice, Derryberry & Naifeh, LLP, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (Larry Derryberry and Pete G. Serrata III, Derryberry & Naifeh, LLP, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and Jonathan C. Ihrig and Andrew M. Ihrig, Ihrig Law Firm, Blackwell, Oklahoma, with him on the briefs) for Plaintiffs - Appellants. Andrew W. Lester (Carrie L. Williams, Lester, Loving & Davies, P.C., Edmond, Oklahoma, with him on the brief), for Defendants - Appellees. Michael Burrage, Whitten Burrage, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, for Amicus Curiae. Before MURPHY, GORSUCH, and MATHESON, Circuit Judges. GORSUCH, Circuit Judge. When a city acts as a market participant it generally has to play by the same rules as everyone else. It can t abuse its monopoly power or conspire to suppress competition. Except sometimes it can. If the city can show that its parent state authorized it to upend normal competition, to install instead a municipal monopoly, the city enjoys immunity from federal antitrust liability. The problem for the City of Newkirk in this case is that the state has done no such thing. Newkirk and Kay Electric Cooperative both provide electricity to Oklahoma consumers. Traditionally, Newkirk has served customers inside its city limits while Kay, a rural electrical cooperative, has served nearby customers outside the city boundaries. When the announcement came that a new jail would be built just outside Newkirk, Kay naturally offered to provide electricity. But unwilling to let so lucrative an opportunity slip away, Newkirk responded by annexing the area and issuing its own service offer. At the end of the day, Kay s -2- offer was much the better but the jail still elected to buy electricity from Newkirk. Why? Because Newkirk is the only provider of sewage services in the area and it refused to provide any sewage services to the jail that is, unless the jail also bought the city s electricity. Finding themselves stuck between a rock and a pile of sewage, the operators of the jail reluctantly went with the city s package deal. As these things go Kay responded by suing Newkirk, alleging that the city had engaged in unlawful tying and attempted monopolization in violation of the Sherman Act. 15 U.S.C. §§ 1, 2. But the district court refused to allow the case to proceed, granting Newkirk s motion to dismiss under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) after it found Newkirk immune from liability as a matter of law. It is this ruling Kay challenges on appeal. The Sherman Act has little to say about municipal immunity, at least directly. It contains only the broadest and barest of proscriptions against anticompetitive activity declaring unlawful any contract, combination, or conspiracy in restraint of trade and forbidding any monopoly or attempt to monopolize. Over the last 120 years, however, much judicial embroidery has stitched out the scope of permissible and impermissible competitive activity under the Act, handiwork that s often been informed by evolving (if sometimes competing) schools of economic thought. One particular development, however, and the one at issue in this case, has less to do with economic regulation than state sovereignty. -3- While the Sherman Act clearly forbids anticompetitive conduct by private market players, what about conduct by state actors? In Parker v. Brown, 317 U.S. 341 (1943), the plaintiff argued that the Act s sweeping terms don t distinguish between private and public players, that states must live by the same antitrust rules as everyone else. The Supreme Court, however, disagreed. It assumed without deciding that Congress could constitutionally preempt state law directing state actors to behave anticompetitively. Id. at 350. But at the same time the Court said there s no hint Congress wished to attack and undo such state sanctioned restraints of trade when it passed the Sherman Act. Id. Given this, and given the importance of federal-state comity, the Court held that the Act s terms should not be read to preempt state imposed restraints of trade. States may regulate economic activity as they wish, pursuing even patently anticompetitive policies without having to look over their shoulders to see if Congress approves. Id. at 351. Thus was born the concept of state action immunity (though the term immunity may be a bit strong since the Court held only that Congress hadn t covered state action, not that it couldn t). The Court s answer in Parker, however, soon begot new questions of its own. If states are free from federal antitrust worries, what about the municipal agents they create and through which they often act? When the Supreme Court eventually took up this question, it conclusively answered it inconclusively, holding that a municipality sometimes may be sued under the Sherman Act and -4- sometimes it may not. Because municipalities are not themselves sovereign, the Court reasoned, they should not automatically be eligible for the federal deference [given to] the States that create them. City of Lafayette v. Louisiana Power & Light Co., 435 U.S. 389, 412 (1978) (plurality); Town of Hallie v. City of Eau Claire, 471 U.S. 34, 38 (1985). A municipality s parochial interests in anticompetitive policies, the Court added, don t necessarily implicate the federalism concerns that animate the state action immunity doctrine and shouldn t always be placed above the Nation s economic goals reflected in the antitrust laws. Lafayette, 435 U.S. at 412-13. Perhaps surprisingly, the Court told us, this means not only that the Sherman Act can sometimes preempt a municipality s actions; it also means that municipalities may be subject to treble damage awards for violating the Act. See generally Phillip E. Areeda & Herbert Hovenkamp, Antitrust Law ¶ 223 (Aspen 3d ed. 2006); Community Communications Co. v. City of Boulder, 455 U.S. 40, 60-61 (1982) (Rehnquist, J., dissenting). At the same time, the Court held, if a state expressly adopts an anticompetitive policy and chooses to use its municipal subdivisions as instruments to effect that policy, then the federal-state comity concerns undergirding the Parker state immunity doctrine do come into play. And [i]t is therefore clear, the Court concluded after laying all this out, that a municipality will be entitled to the protection of the state action exemption from the antitrust laws only if there is a clear articulation of a state policy to authorize anticompetitive conduct by the municipality. Hallie, -5- 471 U.S. at 34 (internal quotation omitted); see also Boulder, 455 U.S. at 54-55; City of Columbia v. Omni Outdoor Adver., Inc., 499 U.S. 365, 373 (1991). Put simply, at the end of the day a municipality shares the state s immunity when but only when it is implementing anticompetitive policies authorized by the state. How clearly must a state legislature articulate its authorization of anticompetitive municipal conduct to trigger antitrust immunity? Now many decades removed from Parker, the Court has sometimes declared that its judicially created [s]tate-action immunity [should be] disfavored, F.T.C. v. Ticor Title Ins. Co., 504 U.S. 621, 635-36 (1992) (citing Lafayette, 435 U.S. at 398-99), and, because of this, a municipality s authority to suppress competition must be clearly articulated and affirmatively expressed in state legislation. California Retail Liquor Dealers Ass n v. Midcal Aluminum, Inc., 445 U.S. 97, 105 (1980) (emphasis added); Ticor, 504 U.S. at 636 (requiring real compliance with Midcal). At other times, however, the Court has appeared to require something less of cities seeking to invoke Parker s protections, suggesting that a municipality s actions are free from the grasp of federal antitrust law if anticompetitive effects logically would result from state legislative policy. Hallie, 471 U.S. at 42. Complicating matters still further, the Court has also said that a municipality may be authorized to engage in anticompetitive actions that are merely the foreseeable result of state legislation. Id. (emphasis added). -6- With its usual care Professor Areeda and Hovenkamp s treatise traces all these warps and wefts before gently suggesting that while the policy favoring competition is national and the states are permitted to establish an alternative regime, states should be required to declare their intentions clearly rather than falling back on the ambiguity-creating compromises that often characterize the legislative process. Areeda & Hovenkamp, Antitrust Law ¶ 225a at 133. Such a bright line rule, they have said, would do a much better job of identifying the relevant principle of federalism that undergirds the Parker doctrine. Id. But however much sense this makes (and we think it makes quite a lot of sense), our lot as a lower court isn t to choose between the Supreme Court s holdings but to apply them. And though it s hard to see a way to reconcile all of the Court s competing statements in this area, we can say with certainty this much a municipality surely lacks antitrust immunity unless it can bear the burden of showing that its challenged conduct was at least a foreseeable (if not explicit) result of state legislation. Of course, what does and doesn t qualify as foreseeable is hardly self-evident or self-defining, itself perhaps another reason to eschew the test. See id. ¶ 225b3 at 144. But there are at least a few bright lines we can discern in this muddled arena and these are enough to allow us to dispose of this appeal with confidence. First, a state s grant of a traditional corporate charter to a municipality isn t enough to make the municipality s subsequent anticompetitive conduct -7- foreseeable. Municipal charters typically endow the municipality with the authority to make contracts, to buy and sell property, to enter into joint ventures. But most private corporate charters allow companies to do these same things. And natural persons win these powers simply by reaching the age of majority. Neither companies nor persons automatically take with these pedestrian powers the right to use them in an anticompetitive fashion, and there s no reason to think municipalities do either. Put simply, simple permission to play in a market doesn t foreseeably entail permission to roughhouse in that market unlawfully. See Boulder, 455 U.S. at 54-55; Hovenkamp, Antitrust Law ¶ 225b5 at 155 (giving as examples a municipality s operation of golf courses and swimming pools and explaining that monopoly in such facilities is hardly inevitable ); Surgical Care Ctr. of Hammond, L.C. v. Hosp. Svc. Dist. No. 1, 171 F.3d 231, 235 (5th Cir. 1999); Lancaster Comm. Hosp. v. Antelope Valley Hosp. Dist., 940 F.2d 397, 402-03 (9th Cir. 1991). Second, the fact that a state may have authorized some forms of municipal anticompetitive conduct isn t enough to make all forms of anticompetitive conduct foreseeable. Antitrust violations come in a variety of flavors and just because the state has authorized one doesn t mean it has authorized all. As the Court has put it, even a lawful [municipal] monopolist may be subject to antitrust restraints when it seeks to extend or exploit its monopoly in a manner not contemplated by its authorization. Lafayette, 435 U.S. at 417; see also -8- Hallie, 471 U.S. at 44 ( [T]he legislature contemplated the kind of action complained of. ) (emphasis added); Midcal, 445 U.S. at 105; Areeda & Hovenkamp, Antitrust Law ¶ 225a at 132-33. Third, when asking whether the state has authorized the municipality s anticompetitive conduct we look to and preference the most specific direction issued by the state legislature on the subject. After all, it is long and well settled that whenever we construe legislative enactments and that s precisely what we re called on to do when deciding a municipality s antitrust immunity in light of state authorizing legislation a specific statute controls over a general one without regard to priority of enactment. Bulova Watch Co. v. United States, 365 U.S. 753, 758 (1961); Edmond v. United States, 520 U.S. 651, 657 (1997). Applying these rules to our case, it quickly becomes clear that Newkirk enjoys no immunity. The Oklahoma legislature has spoken with specificity to the question whether there should be competition for electricity services in annexed areas. And it has expressed a clear preference for, not against, competition. While Newkirk cites a number of more general enabling statutes conferring on the city the authority to do business, none authorizes the kind of anticompetitive conduct alleged here, let alone suggests that we may ignore the more specific provisions of law indicating it may not. The most specific legislation relevant to our inquiry the parties have identified is § 437.2 of the Rural Electric Cooperative Act. Part of Oklahoma law -9- since 1961, this provision expressly entitles rural electric cooperatives like Kay to continue and extend furnishing of electric energy in areas they have traditionally serviced even after those areas are annexed by a municipality. 18 Okla. Stat. § 437.2(k). This provision thus speaks directly to both the area and issue in this lawsuit. It is undisputed that the jail lies in an area traditionally serviced by Kay; that the area has now been annexed by Newkirk; and that Newkirk is allegedly thwarting Kay s ability to operate there. And § 437.2(k) doesn t merely authorize Kay to continue to compete in annexed areas; it protects Kay from municipal interference in those areas, allowing Kay to continue to operate without having to seek or obtain consent, franchise, license, [or] permit from Newkirk. Far from displacing competition, then, this language foreseeably does just its opposite it seeks to preserve competition after annexation by constraining municipalities from using their considerable regulatory powers to harm rival rural electricity providers. Underscoring the point, the statute goes on to say a municipality may impose only two conditions on electric cooperatives operating in annexed areas it may force them to pay taxes and comply with safety regulations. The fact that the statute fails to authorize any other municipal burden on competition is glaring. See United States v. Johnson, 529 U.S. 53, 58 (2000) ( When [the legislature] provides exceptions in a statute, it does not follow that courts have authority to create others. The proper inference . . . is that - 10 - [the legislature] considered the issues of exceptions and, in the end, limited the statute to the ones set forth. ). This specific and state-sanctioned battle for electricity customers in annexed areas rests against an even grander plan to expand competition in electricity markets. In 1997, the Oklahoma legislature enacted the Electric Restructuring Act seeking to allow direct access by retail consumers to the competitive market for the generation of electricity while maintaining the safety and reliability of the electricity system in the state. 17 Okla. Stat. § 190.2. Creating a joint task force to promote restructuring, this law expressly aims to provide greater competition and more efficient regulation, increase[] consumer choice, and provide electric generation service at the lowest and most competitive rates. Id.; see also 17 Okla. Stat. § 190.4 ( Competitive markets are to be encouraged to the greatest extent possible. ). Here again, Oklahoma has expressed an unmistakable policy preference for competition in the provision of electricity. Of course, Newkirk replies that the Electric Restructuring Act has yet to restructure much of anything. The sort of competition it envisions has yet to emerge on the scale the legislature hoped, Newkirk says. And perhaps this is so. But no one denies that the Restructuring Act is on the books or that it expresses a policy preference for competition in electricity generation and supply. Neither is it the place of a court to say whether, over the last fourteen years since the - 11 - statute s enactment, Oklahoma has moved too slowly or quickly in its efforts to restructure an entire industry. And no one before us has been so bold as to suggest that desuetude might render this statute, only in its teenage years, a dead letter we might simply ignore. See Norman J. Singer & J.D. Shambie Singer, 1A Statutes and Statutory Construction § 23:26 at 533 (7th ed. 2009) ( The doctrine of separation of powers prevents holding that a legislative enactment . . . is ineffective by nonuse or obsolescence. ). Besides, competition is already a manifest reality between cooperatives and municipalities in Oklahoma as this case itself attests and the state has taken other affirmative steps to increase this form of competition by conducting studies and declaring a moratorium on efforts by cities to condemn competing private facilities. See 11 Okla. Stat. § 21-222. In reply to all this, Newkirk draws our attention to various other provisions of state law, some of which merit attention here. Each, however, speaks with far less specificity to the challenged conduct than either the Cooperative Act or Restructuring Act. In fact, Newkirk begins its case with and emphasizes heavily throughout its brief the most general and least specific laws of all, portions of the Oklahoma state constitution that merely authorize municipalities to do business. See Okla. Const. Art. 18, §§ 6, 7. But this hardly tells us much of anything. As already explained, it is well settled that general municipal charters are never enough to trigger Parker s protections. - 12 - Newkirk next draws our attention to 11 Okla. Stat. § 22-104. On inspection, however, this provision (similarly) turns out to be nothing more than a general enabling statute allowing municipalities to run utilities. Of course, one might argue that at least certain utilities are natural monopolies and so a great variety of anticompetitive conduct, including the conduct challenged in this case, would foreseeably follow from allowing a city to operate a utility. But we reject any such suggestion. For starters, and as we have already explained, Supreme Court precedent doesn t support the idea that an enabling law permitting a city to run a business is enough to produce Parker immunity. Beyond that, Newkirk s reading would require courts to decide whether a particular utility is or isn t a natural monopoly. And that s a business as busy as a box of frogs. Natural monopolies are hardly always obvious or immutable. What one might call a natural monopoly in one place might not be a natural monopoly in another, and what might be a natural monopoly today might not be one tomorrow (think telephones and railroads). See Alfred E. Kahn, 2 The Economics of Regulation: Principles and Institutions 10 (1971) ( [T]echnology is perpetually developing: so the natural monopoly of yesterday may no longer be natural today. ); Richard A. Posner, Natural Monopoly and Its Regulation, 21 Stan. L. Rev. 548, 636 (1969) ( [N]atural monopoly conditions are quite likely to be transient. ). For an anticompetitive result to qualify as a foreseeable consequence of state legislative policy, we believe and hold, it should be plainer and easier to ascertain in - 13 - advance than a court s ruling on whether a particular business at a particular time and in a particular place qualifies as a natural monopoly. Trying another angle, Newkirk argues that 17 Okla. Stat. § 190.7 demonstrates an intent by Oklahoma to limit competition in the electricity markets. And here Newkirk has at least something of a point. Section 190.7 does forbid a rural electrical cooperative like Kay from taking a municipality s existing customers. The difficulty is that nothing in § 190.7 prohibits a rural electrical cooperative from competing against a municipality for new customers in annexed areas. And this is hardly surprising given that (as we ve seen) § 437.2(k) expressly guarantees Kay the right to do exactly that. Neither is the question before us whether Oklahoma has sought to make the electricity market competitive in every respect. It is instead, and as we have already explained, only whether Oklahoma has authorized the specific form of anticompetitive conduct under attack. And in this case Kay has challenged Newkirk s ability to preclude it from winning a new customer, not taking Newkirk s existing customers. On that, the question posed by this case, § 190.7 has nothing to say. An even greater problem besets Newkirk s reliance on 18 Okla. Stat. § 437.2(k). Newkirk notes that this statute allows municipalities, after annexing an area, to expropriate the facilities of the incumbent rural electric cooperative. On first blush this appears to be the strongest evidence yet of a legislative intent to allow municipalities to monopolize electricity markets within their borders. - 14 - But, as part of its plan to bring more competition to electricity markets, the state legislature recently and expressly suspended these very powers. See 11 Okla. Stat. § 21-222. So if anything Newkirk s citation winds up doing more harm than good to its cause. In a final stand, Newkirk insists that our decision to allow this case to proceed cannot be reconciled with Hallie or Sterling Beef Co. v. City of Fort Morgan, 810 F.2d 961 (10th Cir. 1987). Analogies to these cases, Newkirk insists, demonstrate its entitlement to Parker immunity. In truth, however, they do nearly the opposite. In Hallie, the Court confronted a state statute that authorized municipalities to delineate the area in which it wished to afford sewage services. When the defendant-city did just that, some nearby towns complained that the city had refused to treat sewage from outside the city s delineated boundaries, and alleged that the city s refusal to share or provide access to its treatment plant amounted to a violation of the Sherman Act. The Court found Parker immunity because the city s conduct was just the sort of thing the state legislature had authorized. But, by contrast in our case, there s nothing on Oklahoma s statute books to suggest that the legislature authorized the species of antitrust violation alleged here refusing to provide an end customer one service (sewage) unless he purchased something entirely different (electricity). At the end of the day, Oklahoma law simply allows Newkirk to provide sewage and electricity services. And it is no - 15 - more foreseeable from this fact that Newkirk might unlawfully use its sewage business to sell electricity than to sell magazines, or life insurance, or require the prison to be painted a particular color. To say that the authority to provide services in two markets authorizes a municipality to do whatever it wants in one or both of those markets would be to let the Parker immunity exception swallow the Sherman Act s antitrust rule. Hallie is beside the point for another but still related reason. It involved a situation where the legislative evidence ran but one way the only relevant statute in the case tended to suggest that the particular challenged anticompetitive conduct was foreseeable. Meanwhile, the statutes identified by plaintiffs to suggest a pro-competitive state policy were introduced too late in the proceedings. And, as it turned out, they were themselves no more than general enabling statutes authorizing the plaintiffs to conduct business. See 471 U.S. at 42 n.5. Hallie thus doesn t tell us anything about the situation we face where specific state statutes authorizing competition are compared to more general ones that are at best only susceptible to an anticompetitive gloss. Sterling Beef is no more and perhaps even less analogous. The municipality there operated a natural gas utility. Under state law, it enjoyed the power not just to operate its own utility but also to decide whether to allow competitors to provide distribution systems within its territorial limits. The municipality denied authorization to a distributor who wished to build its pipes - 16 - within city limits. When the distributor brought an antitrust suit, this court unsurprisingly held that an anticompetitive impact is the obvious result of the state scheme. Sterling Beef, 810 F.2d at 964. Indeed, the statute amounted to an express permission to create a monopoly if the municipality wished; competition could exist only at the city s grace. See also Allright Colo., Inc. v. City and Cty. of Denver, 937 F.2d 1502, 1508-09 (10th Cir. 1991) (finding antitrust immunity where state statute authorized city to regulate all airport transportation services). This case could hardly be more different. Oklahoma expressly entitles Kay to provide electricity services in the annexed area at issue and expressly frees it of the need to obtain Newkirk s consent, franchise, license, permit, or other authority to do so. 18 Okla. Stat. § 437.2(k). If Sterling Beef has any bearing on this case, then, it serves only as a study in contrast not commonality. The district court s Rule 12(b)(6) dismissal order is reversed, and the case is remanded for further proceedings with respect to Kay s allegations of unlawful tying and attempted monopolization of electricity services. No other aspects of the district court s dismissal order were pursued in this appeal. - 17 -
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Michael Paul Tutton Leahy (30 December 1934 – 7 May 2007) was an English conservative philosopher and opponent of animal rights and vegetarianism.

Biography

Leahy was born in Westminster. He was educated Salesian College in Battersea and Trinity College, Dublin. After he graduated he studied at Cornell University and Penn State University. He was as assistant lecturer in philosophy at Durham University during 1965–1968 and a lecturer in philosophy at the University of Kent where he became a senior lecturer in 1976. He was the university's admissions officer from 1992–1999.

He married Rosey Devitt in 1968, they had two children. Leahy suffered from dementia and was cared for by his wife.

Criticism of animal rights

Leahy held the view that animals do not have moral rights and that humans tend to anthropomorphise animals by giving them cognitive and emotional capacities which they do not possess. He took influence from Ludwig Wittgenstein and argued that animals are "primitive beings" that lack beliefs and language, therefore they cannot have desires or interests. He stated that because animals lack language, they are not self-conscious and cannot be aware of what is in their interests, thus the idea of animal rights should be dismissed. He firmly rejected the idea that non-human animals deserve equal moral consideration.

Leahy's book Against Liberation, first published in 1991 and republished in 1993 was one of the first lengthy books to attack animal rights. The book was subjected to a fierce hate campaign from animal rights activists. Leahy has been described as "one of a group of right-wing philosophers who challenged the left-liberal consensus, and his opposition to animal rights inevitably excited the anger of campaigners." Wary of threats from animal rights activists, he was known to have checked his car and mail for bombs. On one occasion he called the bomb disposal unit about a suspicious package, but it turned out to be a pair of glasses from his optician.

Selected publications

Exploring Reality (with Dan Cohn-Sherbok and Michael Irwin, 1987)
Against Liberation: Putting Animals in Perspective (1991, 1993)
The Liberation Debate (with Dan Cohn-Sherbok, 1996)

References

1934 births
2007 deaths
20th-century English philosophers
Academics of Durham University
Academics of the University of Kent
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
Critics of animal rights
Critics of vegetarianism

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Q: Ubuntu 17.10: Too many errors from stdin I have a VM under Ubuntu 17.10 and I'm having some trouble: I'm getting the following message every time when I'm using nano / etc.:
Too many errors from stdin
I'd try google it, but can't find solution. Thank you

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Intolerance and societal discrimination remained persistent in Lithuania during the last year, according to the annual report of the U.S. Department of State. Regarding the freedom of expression and freedom of press, the report continues to mention that it is illegal to publish material that is "detrimental to minors' bodies or thought processes" or that
Sir Ian McKellen invites you to the Baltic Pride 2019 in Vilnius
Sir Ian McKellen (79), a British veteran actor and an LGBT human rights activist, recorded a video greeting inviting everyone to join the Baltic Pride March For Equality in Vilnius on June 8th. In his video, "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit" star emphasizes the political significance of the Baltic Pride 2019 march
Read more →Published by: Aliona , LGLPosted in About LGL, Human Rights, News282Tagged baltic pride, Ian McKellen, video373
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text:
Peaking too soon…
I'm enjoying the Talking Sopranos podcast at the moment.
Michael Imperioli (Christopher) and Steve Schrippa (Bobby Baccala) are going through the show bit by bit – one podcast per episode – with special guests and great insights into the writing, directing, acting and behind the scenes stories that shaped one of, if not the landmark TV series of our time.
Robert Iler was their special guest on Episode 7. In the show, he was the youngest regular member of the cast, playing the main character Tony Soprano's son AJ (Anthony Junior). He was 12 when the pilot was shot, and 22 when the show finished, so spent his formative years among this crew. For anyone who doesn't want to immediately feel old, skip to the next paragraph, but he is now 35.
But it was clear from the way he spoke on the podcast that this was an amazing time in his life. And not just in his life, but in the lives of Imperioli and Schrippa also. The camaraderie among the cast seems to have been incredible – on top of that they were working on a groundbreaking show with top class writers, directors, and none of them have worked on anything like it since.
The difference is that Imperioli and Schrippa have kept working – they have had lots of acting jobs since, but Iler hasn't.
He told his two ex-colleagues that he feels that if he takes another job it could ruin the experience he had all those years ago. That working on The Sopranos was so good, that nothing he will ever do in the future could possibly live up to it, so rather than risk that, he's just not going to work as an actor.
And that is one way of approaching things I guess.
It's like the schools rugby player who captains his school to the final, wins the game and lifts the trophy in front of 20,000 people, and that night gets with the girl he has been chasing for years. How can life get better than that? If he was of the same mind as Robert Iler, he'd probably stop playing rugby there and then. But I think he would be mistaken.
It's OK to have other interests. We may want to explore other avenues. But if we love doing something, we shouldn't let one amazing experience early in life prevent us from trying anything in that field again. It may not be the same as before, but that doesn't mean it can't be great in a different way.
Previous article	← Missed milestones…
Next article	Make it easy to do the right thing… →


text:
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California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States. With 39.5 million residents across a total area of about 163,696 square miles (423,970 km2), California is the most populous U.S. state and the third-largest by area, and is also the world's thirty-fourth most populous subnational entity. California is also the most populated subnational entity in North America, and has its state capital in Sacramento. The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation's second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, with 18.7 million and 9.7 million residents respectivel
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The Planning and Parks Departments are working on a plan for improvements to Kittredge Park, in Lowell's Belvidere neighborhood. Work on the park will begin in the spring of 2017 and will include: new tree plantings, improved landscaping, and repair/replacement of park furniture and lighting. If you are interested in finding out more information about the ongoing planning work or would like to volunteer as a park steward please contact Yovani Baez-Rose, Neighborhood Planner at 978-674-1413.


Sergey Petrossov, 27, is the founder and chief executive of the private jet booking app JetSmarter. He likes to come up with new concepts during his spare time.
Sergey Petrossov, 27, is the founder and chief executive of the private jet booking app JetSmarter. Born in Moscow, Mr Petrossov has lived in the US since the age of four. He graduated from the University of Florida and is now married. His wife and he have a son and a daughter, ages five and three.
I love spending time with my kids. We always either go to the beach, play sports or go swimming. We also like to go up to Orlando or the Keys every now and then as well.
I am workaholic. Every moment I am not spending with my family, I am creative. That's my hobby. I like to think of new things. You think about a technology company and you imagine people on their computers, but with me and my technology team, we sit with papers and pencils. I like to draw and come up with new things. I can get on a flight and start drawing things – not paintings – but business models or future concepts using visuals.
I cannot live without my family or work, because both give purpose to a person's existence. My work is done to provide value to society, and to hopefully leave a legacy which my family would be the extension of.
There's no short cut to success. Aside from the fact that you have to have strong faith and the ability to be innovative, you have to put in the time and you can't stop – no matter the challenges or what you run into. Many people complain about a lack of resources, but it's really the lack of resourcefulness. If you really try and don't give up and go through every avenue possible, you will probably find some sort of solution. It's also basic maths. If one guy is working 20 hours a week and another is working 100 hours a week, by the end of the year the person working 100 hours would have worked five times more that the one who worked 20 hours a week. He will be five times ahead. There's no short cut.
Just go for it. If you are young and have the opportunity to take risks, then take them while you can. That's the only way you will learn. You will not learn how to swim unless you jump in the pool. You've got to jump in and do it. You get to take risks.
Since each day is different, I make sure that I am on top on completing whatever needs to get done on both the work end and my personal life, making sure I keep both balanced daily.
I go to sleep or read some books. When I read, it's usually on aeroplanes when I have some time. I don't like to read fiction. I tend to read biographies and histories. My favourite book is a biography of Nikola Tesla, the Serbian-American inventor who is known for his contributions to the design of the modern electricity supply system. I look at his accomplishments and what he did in his life. I think it's a really great achievement.
If you weren't running your business, what else would you be doing?
I would be running another business. I am fascinated with the electric future. I drive a Tesla. It would be something to do with technology or electricity. I am also fascinated by the future of medicine and health care. It could be doing something there. Travel too. Right now we deal with private jets, which is a niche. I think the future of air travel will be private. It will move towards a more private experience. Cost-effective short distance aviation is going to become part of many people's lives. In the next 20 years, just as you get an Uber car, you will get a plane to fly to you and drop you off in Abu Dhabi. Cost-effective aeroplanes will be built, they will be small. This is how I look at air travel. Right now it is costly to run private aircraft, but this will go down over the years.


Staffing Now has earned the 2019 Best of Staffing award for providing remarkable service to their clients! Staffing Now of Jacksonville, Florida has 10 verified ratings from their clients earning them 4.9 out of 5 stars!
I've had the fortune of being on both sides of Staffing Now's process, as a candidate and helping on the recruiting side. I've had nothing but good experiences on both ends.
We have received 3 employees in my department and they have al been exceptional employees.
From personally being placed with SNI and our on-going relationship to placing more team members together.
Kumi, Erica and Virginie have time and again presented Superior Construction with excellent candidates that are a great culture fit. We have over 5 current employees brought to us from SNI that are thriving in their positions.
Staffing Now is in the Staffing industry with headquarters in Jacksonville, FL and has 28 locations.


text:
Q: Get Customer information from order Magento 2 I want to retrieve customer information from sales order view observer in adminhtml section, currently i only know how to retrieve order in that observer like this:
namespace Namespace\Module\Block\Adminhtml\Order\View;
class Custom extends \Magento\Backend\Block\Template
{
  public function getCustomAttribute(){
    $order = $this->getParentBlock()->getOrder();

    return $order->getId();
  }
}

i need to retrieve the customer information from that order, if the order is from logged in customer

A: As per as,magento2 standard,you can inject Sales Collection Factory class,Then Filter that collection by Customer id.
protected $order;
public function __construct(
            \Magento\Sales\Model\Order $order,
        ) {
    $this->_order = $order;
    parent::__construct($context, $data);
}

 public function getCustomAttribute(){
    $order = $this->getParentBlock()->getOrder();
   $orderdetails = $this->order->load( $order->getId());
    return  $orderdetails ->getCustomerId();
  }

or
$order = $this->_objectManager->create('\Magento\Sales\Model\Order')->load($id);
$email = $order->getCustomerId();

But this is not recommended.

A: Use repository. With $order you can do
$objectManager = \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance();
$customer = $objectManager->create('Magento\Customer\Api\CustomerRepositoryInterface')
    ->getById($order->getCustomerId());

$customer is an instance of Magento\Customer\Model\Data\Customer, just call its get() methods to access customer properties.

A: The following code should be able to give you customer information using order object -:
<?php
use Magento\Customer\Api\CustomerRepositoryInterface;

class Order
{
    /**
     * @var \Magento\Customer\Api\CustomerRepositoryInterface
     */
    private $_customerRepository;

    /**
    * @param \Magento\Customer\Api\CustomerRepositoryInterface $customerRepository
    */
    public function __construct(
        \Magento\Customer\Api\CustomerRepositoryInterface $customerRepository
    )
    {
        $this->_customerRepository = $customerRepository;
    }

    /**
    * @param \Magento\Sales\Api\Data\OrderInterface $order
    */
    public function getCustomerCustomAttributeValue($order){
        return $this->_customerRepository->getById($order->getCustomerId())
                                            ->getCustomAttribute('custom_attribute_code')
                                            ->getValue();
    }
}

A: Inside observer,
$order = $observer->getEvent()->getOrder();

$orderFromFront = $order->getRemoteIp();
$guestCustomer = $order->getCustomerIsGuest();
$groupId  = $order->getCustomerGroupId();
$firstname = $order->getCustomerFirstname();
$lastname = $order->getCustomerMiddlename();
$lastname = $order->getCustomerLastname();
$prefix = $order->getCustomerPrefix();
$suffix = $order->getCustomerSuffix();
$dob = $order->getCustomerDob();
$taxvat = $order->getCustomerTaxvat();
$gender = $order->getCustomerGender();

For shipping address,
$order->getShippingAddress()->getData()
And for billing,
$order->getBillingAddress()->getData()
You can get all type of customer data using observer.

A: @Idham Choudry,
you can add below code in to your observer to get customer information.
use Magento\Customer\Api\CustomerRepositoryInterface;
use Magento\Customer\Model\Session;
use Magento\Sales\Model\Order;

class yourobserver implements ObserverInterface
{
protected $customerSession;
protected $customerrepository;
protected $order;

public function __construct(
     Session $customerSession,
    CustomerRepositoryInterface $customerrepository,
    Order $order
 )
{
    $this->customerSession = $customerSession;
    $this->customerrepository = $customerrepository;
    $this->order = $order;
}

public function execute(\Magento\Framework\Event\Observer $observer)
{
    $event = $observer->getEvent();
    $orderIds = $event->getOrderIds();

    $order = $observer->getEvent()->getOrder();

    $ordercoll = $this->order->loadByAttribute("entity_id",$orderIds[0]);

    $shippingdetails = $ordercoll->getShippingAddress()->getData();
    $magento_address_id = $ordercoll->getShippingAddress()->getId();
    $billingdetails = $ordercoll->getBillingAddress()->getData();
    $paymentdetails = $ordercoll->getPayment()->getData();
    $shipmentdetails = $ordercoll->getShippingmethod();
    $customerinfo = $this->customerSession->getData();
    $shipping_amount = $ordercoll->getShippingAmount();
    $discount_amount = $ordercoll->getDiscountAmount();
    $discount_description = $ordercoll->getDiscountDescription();
    $applied_rule_ids = $ordercoll->getAppliedRuleIds();

}

}


Reflecting modern contemporary design in the domain of watch winders, the VANTAGE features design that is both modern and unconventional with its distinctive shape. The octagonal design presents refinement and sophistication with unconventional design. It features a handmade case by highly skilled craftsman in different finishing, with polished piano finishing that houses up to 3 automatic watches. VANTAGE a perfect compliment for any watch collector, ideally suited for any office or boardroom.
Inner panels trimmed in real carbon fiber with piano grade finishing for limited edition models.
VANTAGE features a design that is modern and yet distinctive with its unconventional octagonal shape. It is done by highly skilled hand craft technique, with over 10 layers of high gloss lacquer.
Inner panels are trimmed in real carbon fiber with piano grade finishing for limited edition models.


SHAFAQNA – Muslim American Society in Yonkers have advocated for adding the two major Muslim observances to the school calendar.
Some Muslim-Americans want school officials to recognize their holidays by closing schools, Lohud reports.
"We have many students who are attending the [Yonkers'] schools who cannot freely celebrate because they have exams. They have to attend school. They cannot skip, especially at this time of the year," Nofal said.
This year's celebration of the end of Ramadan, on June 15, was in the midst of finals and the New York State Regents Examinations. While the state does not officially recognize Muslim holidays, no regents were scheduled for that day.
It isn't the first time that members the community and the Muslim American Society have advocated for adding the two major Muslim observances to the school calendar.
New York City and New Rochelle's public schools already give these days off to students.
These holidays follow a Lunar calendar and do not always fall on the same days throughout the year. Schools would not have to close when these observances fall during the summer vacation, Nofal argued.
Most City Council members appeared to support the request.
Yonkers City Council President Mike Khader advocated for a resolution to add the holidays to the calendar.
"If we talk about diversity and celebrating it then we also have to act on it," Khader said.
The City Council is scheduled to vote on the resolution to ask school officials to give students the Muslim holy days off on Tuesday.
Even if the City Council approves of this resolution, school officials will still have the final say.
My journey in Science and in Islam!


I guess that some of my reader don't have the time to read through all my descriptions and/or the summaries in all the articles I read.
Because of this, I'm introducing a new segment on the blog.
– What is this link about?
– Who would be interested in reading it?
Hopefully it will give you a better experience on my blog, and won't have to read a long text like this again.
Now, without further ado, here are this days daily links!
A couple of cool image hover effects.
This reminds me of an old Windows screensaver.
A cool concept that got me thinking about what can be done on the web.
What's new in Angular 1.4?
Why is Angular so popular?
Need to create tool tip style toolbars?
Sick of Power Point? Check out deck.js.
Ever wondered how callbacks work? This is the perfect article on it!
Learn to code, by playing a game!
Learn ES6 with this short article.
How to increase your page performance.
What tools do you typically find in a web developers toolbox?


text:
India's Data Centers Are Set For Growth
Data center demand is picking up in India, the second most populous country in the world.
With 669 million Internet users, the country has huge internal demand. The companies scrambling to meet that demand in clude hyperscale and colocation providers such as Bridge Data Centres, and STT GDC, as well as giant public cloud players such as Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud, Alibaba Cloud, Microsoft Azure and Oracle.
Skyrocketing growth
India has more than a billion mobile phone users
The data center sector in India is probably one of the fastest growing data center markets in the world, says Rajesh Tapadia, CEO of Nextra Data, a subsidiary of Indian telecoms giant Bharti Airtel. The country has more than one billion mobile subscribers, he said, and the Government is pushing for digitalization and a transition to cloud-based solutions.
"[The Government's] Digital India mission has propelled this growth further and today the digital ecosystem in India has been booming. With the advent of digital technologies, businesses across India – large to small and mid-sized enterprises are undertaking rapid digitization and transitioning to cloud-based solutions," explained Tapadia.
This is resulting in a situation where demand is outstripping supply. Indeed, last month, an Indian data center executive told DCD there is an ""acute lack" of data center space in India.
"Demand is outstripping supply in India according to our projections", agreed Jabez Tan, a research director for data center and cloud market intelligence at analyst firm Structure Research. According to Tan, the Indian data center sector currently has 252MW of power which is expected to more than double to 536.1MW by 2024 thanks to a compound annual growth rate greater than 20 percent.
Much of the data center growth is clustered around Mumbai, the country's financial center and most densely populated city. With 52 percent of the market in Mumbai, it is seeing higher growth than cities such as Osaka, Beijing and Guangzhou, according to numbers from Structure Research. The overall colocation revenue in India is pegged at US$730M this year, and is poised to hit US$2 billion within five years.
The push for data locality
Fueling part of this demand are recent changes in the regulatory environment. Last year, the Reserve Bank of India mandated that all data of financial transactions should be stored on servers located in the country. This means that banks and fintech firms will have to house their data in India, increasing demand for data center and cloud facilities in the country.
The push for data localization won't stop with financial organizations either. A draft of the Personal Data Protection Bill (2018) is likely to be tabled in Parliament in the coming winter session, though technology firms have expressed concerns and are pushing to roll back some of the proposals or at least better delineate or categorize data. If the bill is passed, a Regulator could be appointed within months.
According to Shankar Jadhav, the managing director of financial services company BSE Investments, the decision by the Reserve Bank of India has culminated in organizations being more conscious of data locality requirements. Because no definite deadline was imposed, it has the effect of helping to drive investments in new data centers without the corresponding price spikes associated with scarcity.
Still, data center demand is outstripping supply in India, says the industry veteran who told DCD he was involved with three data centers and is now working on a fourth one for BSE Investments. Jadhav says his conclusion is based on conversations and interactions with IT professionals who are in the business of setting up data centers in India.
According to a recent report on the Economic Times, access to reliable power and land banks in areas where there is demand are two key worries. Tan echoed these two considerations, noting that the ability to secure land ownership and reliable power are major challenges in the subcontinent.
While not much can be said about land – a perennial issue in top cities the world over – the pessimism may not take recent improvements in the power situation into consideration. As we noted in a report earlier this year, India has progressed significantly from its days where rolling power-cuts were commonplace and massive-scale power outages that span multiple states are known to happen.
"The reliability of power has improved in the last few years especially in some key states. The government realizes the criticality of data centers and its impact on the economy and potential investments and is supporting the development of an ecosystem including providing attractive land options with ample power availability and usage of renewable energy," said Tapadia of Nextra Data.
Jadhav doesn't see reliable power to be a consideration, noting that it is what backup generators are for. He cited the anecdote of his Bombay data center, where mains power has never been lost for the last "seven to eight years". Only the breakdown of a major transformer system saw the facility resort to a backup generator for a "couple of hours".
Better data centers ahead
But what of perpetual rumors of poorly built data centers or inferior components and designs within facilities? "It is true all over the world," argued Jadhav. "I've visited some of the data centers where the systems are poor. This will change over time. India data centers are world-class. My standards are higher than Tier-III or Tier-IV."
Ultimately, the combination of data locality and demand for low-latency cloud performance means that data centers and public cloud footprint will only grow in India. Over time, this can only lead to higher quality facilities.
"The quality of data center infrastructure and operations has evolved in the last five years primarily because the customers became aware and demanding to ensure their mission-critical business can run uninterrupted. Many global customers are driving the operators to deliver on their stringent availability and compliance needs," said Tapadia.
"To ensure they remain the preferred service providers for their customers, data center operators have started adopting global standards and practices," he said.―DCD
Vodafone Idea Seeks Debt Revamp As Losses Mount, Users Bolt
MTNL-BSNL Merger: Limited Spectrum To Be A Challenge For Combined Entity


We are in trading, executing orders in substations, transmission lines. Also into automation of power plant, having strong business contacts.
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Connected with Smart solutions provider and system integrator for educational institutions having more than 350 clients.
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Connected with Franchise cafe serving 20 varieties of tea, assorted Indian and western snacks.
Connected with Manufacturing copper based handicraft and gift items and distributing it across India.


About Federal Coin Exchange: Since 1989, we have been the major buyer and seller of gold, silver, coins, jewelry and diamonds in the Pottstown, PA area. Many of our customers are dealers who buy their material at another location and sell it to us! We are more than happy to give you a price on your collection or even a single piece you may have. All of our buyers have at least 30 years experience, so feel free to bring in your items for a instant price!
We buy almost anything and everything! Be sure to check out all of our posts with items that we have for sale. Also, check out What We Buy, which lists just a few of the items we're interested in. Have something unusual? Want to cash in on those items you've been holding onto for all those years? Stop by our store located at 237 E High Street in Pottstown, PA and we'll be sure to help you the best we can.


text:
News Thoughts
Fake News Didn't Do This
Lachlan Maddock / 3 years ago
Edited BY Sofia Casanova
Fact: Fake news helped Donald Trump win the 2016 presidential election.
Yes, stories about child sex rings run out of pizza shops and allegations that Hillary Clinton had journalists killed pushed so many people that were on the fence over it that we now have a budding despot in charge of the most powerful war machine in the world. Otherwise rational people saw that the doctor who treated Clinton's blood clot was killed and they switched sides. Smart, forward-thinking people read an article about alleged government-approved child marriages in Germany and voted for Trump so that such a thing wouldn't happen in their backyard.
That doesn't sound right.
Fake news is a very easy emotional scapegoat. It's easier to believe that neighbours and friends were turned away from the most progressive party platform in American history by malicious lies rather than the hatred that was already inside them. That the whole debacle was on the shoulders of a third party, and not the people who didn't do enough to turn the election in their favour. Fake news didn't change anybody's mind – it played on their preconceived notions.
Not the kind of people who were going to be swayed either way. Source.
Fake news has existed in various forms for nearly a hundred years. So called 'yellow journalism', one of its earliest antecedents, relied on misleading shock headlines, fabricated interviews and support for the underdog against an overbearing social system to sell papers. Sound familiar? Fake news also draws on features of clickbait – eye-grabbing images or GIFS – in combination with patently false headlines like 'Obama Signs Executive Order Banning The Pledge Of Allegiance In Schools Nationwide'. Fake news rose to new prominence in 2016 with concerns that it had affected the American election process and inspired reckless acts on the part of people who believed it.
Comet Ping Pong, one of the central aspects of the fake news Pizzagate Conspiracy. Source.
But nobody who wasn't going to vote for Trump would be pulled in by reports that Pope Francis had endorsed him, or that philanthropist George Soros was funding groups hellbent on the destruction of the United States. It's easy to see how yellow journalism deceived readers; it was the 1900s, and the paper that practiced yellow journalism might be the only game in town. But on the internet – home to websites like snopes and factcheck.org – a willingness to believe fake news constitutes the wilful ignorance of facts in favour of personal bias. And some people who consume fake news don't put any stock in it, choosing instead to view the stuff as right-wing fluff entertainment.
And let's not forget that Clinton voters fell into a similar emotional trap. While there are more fake news stories for Republicans – 38% of posts on hyper-partisan right-wing Facebook pages were false, compared to 17% on the left – Democrats were just as happy to
have their own biases confirmed on the late night circuit. Alec Baldwin's impersonation of Trump on SNL and the various tirades that are becoming increasingly more common on shows like John Oliver hit the same emotional sweet-spot that fake news did for the right. Trump supporters weren't watching this and thinking that they should change their vote.
The problem wasn't fake news. It was that both sides were living in an echo chamber, made out of Google search algorithms and personal opinion.
While fake news was no doubt wrapped up in this, we've already established that it's more a right- than left-wing phenomenon. Clinton voters very much believed that they would win because all the indications they recieved said they would, and were unwilling to confront the river of hate and populist sentiment pouring out of red states. They didn't do boots on the ground work to change opinions, choosing to believe that they had already won – that a blundering, sexist scumbag couldn't muster the support he eventually did.
The solution, then, is to break out of the echo chamber. Go and find opinions that are unpalatable to your political leanings. Have a conversation with somebody who believes something different to you, and don't succumb to a paroxysm of hate when they don't immediately come around. It's easy to think that we shouldn't have to do this – that, in the 21st century, nobody should have to teach a racist that all people are equal, or a sexist that women are just as capable as men. And truthfully, we shouldn't. It shouldn't still be a problem. But it is. And it's up to us to fix it.
Image Source/Creative Commons
folder_openTagged in: Alec Baldwin, Clinton, Democrat, fake news, George Soros, John Oliver, Mike Pence, Pizzagate, Republican, trump
Lachlan Maddock


This time around, we are happy to invite you to new location: The Cisco office Cologne, near Heumarkt.
Then, Dorota will talk about Wayland, the display server (protocol) for Linux desktops, and how to use Rust to write compositors and clients for it.
Afterwards, it's all up to you: Have an interesting piece of code you want to discuss? Want some help fighting the borrow checker? You are very welcome to stay, enjoy some drinks, meet nice people, and discuss all things Rust!
The meetup will be held in English.
I'll take some time to explain what is Wayland and why it's here to stay. Then, I'll give a high level overview of the state of Rust on Wayland: how to write servers and clients, and how far along we can get with Rust. I want to focus on Smithay projects, and wlroots-rs.
The Office is in the same building as the Dorint Hotel and the Hard Rock Cafe. The entrance is on the west side of the building facing Saturn.
To find it on Google Maps, look for "ParStream".


text:
Dallas Cowboys training camp questions: How will Dak Prescott's ankle hold up? – Dallas Cowboys Blog
Tokyo 2020: Where might hosts Japan win medals?
Published on 26 July 2021, 02:54 -06:00
While Dez Bryant wasn't present in Dallas' first preseason game, there was enough time for Cowboys fans to wonder what the new, healthy Dak Prescott's first practice would be like, given that his ankle was still healing at the end of the 2017 season. Prescott was a little more active in the passing game than expected, throwing a pair of touchdowns to Cole Beasley while running for another, but it wasn't enough for a blowout victory.
The Dallas Cowboys are back in training camp. With the Cowboys 2016 training camp in Oxnard, California, the training camp/preseason schedule is in full effect. The Cowboys will play two preseason games, and five regular season games before competing in the playoffs. The defending Super Bowl Champions will begin their quest for another title at home, in the first ever college football game at AT&T Stadium. This will be the fifth season that the Cowboys begin training camp on the same day as the NFL's opening game.
The Dallas Cowboys training camp season is starting next week, and there are a lot of questions surrounding the starting quarterback position. Dak Prescott was injured in the preseason finale against the Los Angeles Chargers, and it is unknown how much he will be able to participate. Prescott was able to practice this week, but head coach Jason Garrett stated that he is still in the rehab process and that Prescott will likely play limited snaps in the preseason games.. Read more about ezekiel elliott and let us know what you think.
OXNARD (California) — The Dallas Cowboys will begin their 2021 NFL training camp at River Ridge Residence Inn on Wednesday. Here's a deeper look at some of the plots:
What should quarterback Dak Prescott look out for when he returns from a broken and dislocated right ankle?
During the Cowboys' organized team activities and minicamp this summer, Prescott helped dispel any doubts about the stability of his ankle. He was simply held out of 11-on-11 drills as a precaution, not because he wasn't ready.
Prescott is expected to practice every day heading into training camp, but coach Mike McCarthy says the team will be wise and give him time off if he needs it. While in California, the Cowboys will not practice for more than three days in a row as they prepare for the Hall of Fame Game on Aug. 5 and a one-day practice versus the Los Angeles Rams. Prescott noted that any lingering physical pain faded as the spring exercises progressed, but he would continue to perform a more thorough pre-practice warm-up to ensure that everything is in working order.
The next question will be how much work Prescott will get in the preseason games from the Cowboys.
Dan Quinn, a former Atlanta Falcons coach, has taken over as defensive coordinator, bringing enthusiasm and adjustments to the defense that will better suit the Cowboys' players' abilities. USA Today Sports/Tim Heitman
After a terrible 2020 under Mike Nolan, how can coordinator Dan Quinn get the defense back on track?
There is no other way to characterize the defense from last year. The chances of any defender regressing in 2020 seem slim. The absence of an offseason program and preseason games due to the coronavirus epidemic exacerbated the mismatch between talent level and Nolan's strategy.
This year, the Cowboys won't have to worry about that. Quinn is reverting the Cowboys to a tried-and-true offense with minor changes. His teaching approach, desire to work, and capacity to adapt have all been praised by the players. It would be a problem if they didn't say stuff like that. When the games begin, the evidence will be evident.
The Cowboys aren't need to become impregnable. They just need to be decent, particularly given the offense's scoring prowess. Quinn is the most significant acquisition made by the Cowboys this summer.
Is it possible for the Cowboys' offensive line to reclaim its status as one of the finest in the NFL?
It has to happen for the Cowboys to be successful. Will they ever be as good as Tyron Smith, Travis Frederick, and Zack Martin were when they were regarded the greatest in their positions? Probably not, but it does testify to the quality of the line.
The NFL season is almost approaching. Take a look at one last offseason move for each of the 32 teams: Read more » • Schedule for 2021 | Depth Charts » • NFL Transactions | NFL Injuries | NFL News »
But, as the question implies, can they be "one of the best"? Yes. The linemen's health will be the most important factor, and Smith's grin this offseason said it all. He only appeared in two games last season due to a recurrent neck problem that has plagued him for the previous five years. Due to hip surgery, offensive lineman La'el Collins did not participate at all, but he has lost weight and pleased McCarthy with his mobility. Martin is still the league's top or second-best guard.
Tyler Biadasz will open camp as the starting center, and he seemed at ease in that position last season until suffering a hamstring injury that kept him out for four games. Connor Williams is the incumbent at left guard, although Connor McGovern may challenge him.
Will Ezekiel Elliott, the running back, bounce back after a disappointing season?
Elliott's 2020 season will not be sugarcoated in any manner. It was far from ideal, and it was made worse by a high-cost contract. He threw for 979 yards and lost five fumbles, both career lows. He has two games of 100 yards and three runs of 20 yards.
It's much too easy to dismiss him, as shown by the five games he played with Prescott last season, despite the fumbles. With Prescott on the field, he was on pace for a 1,165-yard season. While not nearly as exciting as his first four years, it was still adequate given how poor the defense was at the outset of the 2020 season and the disadvantages the offense had to overcome.
Elliott seemed to be making good progress in the spring. His teammates say he's in excellent condition and is anxious to demonstrate that he still has a lot of high-level football left in him.
The Dallas Cowboys are back at training camp, and the big question for everyone is how their rookie quarterback Dak Prescott's injured right ankle will hold up. Prescott will be limited at first, but the Cowboys are hopeful that he can avoid any further setbacks, and that will give him ample time to learn the playbook and get acclimated to the team.. Read more about dak prescott 40 time and let us know what you think.
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Santa Fe, NM Real Estate
Eight Reasons to Move to Santa Fe, NM
Rich in historical ambiance, the City Different is a magnet for outdoor enthusiasts and lovers of arts and culture
By Jason Zasky on February 17, 2015 07:00 AM
Founded in 1610, Santa Fe is the second-oldest city in the U.S., and both the oldest and highest capital city in America (elevation 7,000 feet). Situated at the base of the southern Rocky Mountains in north-central New Mexico, Santa Fe features four distinct seasons, making it ideal for residents who enjoy outdoor sports, especially skiing, hiking, fishing, mountain biking, horseback riding, hunting and river rafting.
At the same time, Santa Fe's Anglo, Hispanic and Native American populations have long embraced the area's fascinating multicultural history, which explains the robust arts scene, unique historical attractions and abundance of thriving annual festivals (dedicated to film, wine, rodeo, jazz, chamber music and bluegrass/old-time music, among many others). And don't forget the Bike & Brew Festival, a five-day celebration of craft beer culture and road and mountain biking, presented by Outside magazine and Cycle Santa Fe.
Following are eight more compelling reasons to join the Santa Fe community and experience all that the City Different has to offer.
The Railyard
In the nearly seven years since it (re)opened, the Railyard - a 50-acre commercial, residential and social district - has become one of the most popular downtown destinations for residents and visitors alike. Attractions include an array of restaurants, a wealth of art galleries and antique stores, and the year-round Santa Fe Farmers Market, New Mexico's largest farmers market.
The Guadalupe District
Bordering the Railyard is the Guadalupe Historic District, one of the oldest neighborhoods in Santa Fe, which includes an eclectic mix of shops and art galleries. Its most notable attraction is the Santuario de Guadalupe, a historic church turned art and history museum, one that features Jose de Alzibar's famous oil painting Our Lady of Guadalupe (1783).
The Georgia O'Keeffe Museum
Lovers of modern art go back again and again to the Georgia O'Keeffe Museum (est. 1997), the world's largest single repository of Georgia O'Keeffe's instantly recognizable imagery. In addition to an ever-changing selection of O'Keeffe paintings, drawings and sculptures, the museum also displays works by her American modernist contemporaries, as well as those of distinguished living artists.
The Santa Fe Opera
Similarly, lovers of opera gravitate to the Santa Fe Opera, which has become one of America's premier summer opera festivals. Performances are given in the Crosby Theatre, a state-of-the-art, open-air theater, while Prelude Talks (offered to audience members prior to most performances) take place in Stieren Orchestra Hall, also on the magnificent 155-acre grounds.
Santa Fe University of Art and Design
Meanwhile, the next generation of artists are training to become successful creative professionals at the Santa Fe University of Art and Design, where the programs combine theory with practical experience. Located 4 miles from downtown, the university offers upwards of a dozen degree programs in disciplines that include contemporary music, creative writing, graphic design, film, photography and arts management. And each summer, SFUAD hosts ArtFest, a three-week program for high school and college students that celebrates creativity and innovation.
Loretto Chapel
Those looking to see something both beautiful and unusual venture to the Loretto Chapel, which features a stunning and "miraculous" spiral staircase, which, according to the Chapel's website, "has two 360-degree turns and no visible means of support." The Chapel - now a private museum "maintained, in part, for the preservation of the Miraculous Staircase and the Chapel itself" - is also a popular venue for weddings, with receptions commonly held at the nearby Inn and Spa at Loretto.
Geronimo's
Another elegant place to visit in Santa Fe is the restaurant Geronimo, found within the adobe walls of the Borrego House, which was built by Geronimo Lopez in 1756. Though the menu changes seasonally, favorite dishes include the telicherry rubbed elk tenderloin and the mesquite-grilled Maine lobster tails.
Santa Fe National Forest
Last but not least, there's the Santa Fe National Forest Scenic Byway, which originates downtown (at the oldest public building in America, the Palace of the Governors), and winds 15 miles through the ponderosa-, spruce-, fir- and aspen-filled National Forest, until it comes to an end at the Santa Fe Ski Basin. The parks, picnic areas and campgrounds in between are popular with hikers, mountain bikers, equestrians and cross-country skiers, while downhill skiers and snowboarders consistently praise the slopes leading down from Ski Santa Fe's Tesuque Peak (elevation 12,000 feet).
So for those who enjoy nature and appreciate history and the arts, Santa Fe remains one of the most compelling places to live in the southwest, offering a pleasing alternative for those looking to escape the cookie-cutter offerings of many American communities.
Santa Fe's Anglo, Hispanic and Native American populations have long embraced the city's fascinating multicultural history, which explains the robust arts scene, unique historical attractions and abundance of thriving annual festivals.
Jason Zasky is a journalist, author and media entrepreneur with a background in print and online magazines. He is co-founder of Failure magazine, the critically-acclaimed online pu... more
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It's that time of year, again. Time to get back to 'the routine'. Time to ramp up the pace.
It's also a time we say: "Summer's over!" with a deep-seated sense of reluctance. It's as though we are getting ready to pack it in, to move on to another season before it's actually begun. It's habitual, a societal norm. Quite the paradox thinking about this as a norm when reflecting about a change in season. Huh?!


Scroll down for the #premiumsnapchat conversation report for February 17th, 2019 EST.
When it comes to participants, we ranked 8th among 398 conversations.
In terms of the number of posts, we ranked 8th out of 398 conversations that took place.
This conversation ranked 4th out of 398 in terms of the amplification of ideas & content.
There were 300 reshares, 81% of posts, during the course of the conversation.
19% of participants in this conversation shared a total of 16 unique pieces of content.
Here are the basic facts of the conversation for for February 17th, 2019.


Exam stress acts as a negative aspect that blocks one's creativity as well as slows down the proficiency level. To tackle this hassle, students must take suitable measures at the right time. In this regard, experienced academicians help them in developing a good study routine that can keep this mental anxiety away. However, a healthy lifestyle and a constructive study plan are valuable to handle this stress. Some more points to tackle this unfavourable stress are discussed here.
Maintain a right sequence of learning: Students must follow a right pattern of learning as this habit keeps them engaged and also allows them to learn something in a constructive manner. First reading and then writing the answers are two consecutive activities that make each learning process complete. Besides, students must follow a revision session for each chapter.
Turn your problem areas into strengths: Every student faces some difficulties while completing the syllabus. Some of them take more time to understand the topics, some feel confused to write the answers in a short span of time. However, to handle all these problems, students must do the rigorous practice of different reference study materials such as model papers, old question papers and worksheets. Besides, online study notes are quite effective to clear doubts thoroughly.
Follow a healthy diet and do some Physical activity: A healthy daily food keeps students energetic as well as healthy. In addition to this, some physical activities keep them fit in mind and health wise.
Plan your study and follow the routine strictly: Plan a study routine as per your convenience so that you can put your best in learning. For instance, if you prefer to solve Math at the morning time, then do that task at that time and learn other subjects at different time. Allot suitable time for each subject and follow the daily routine properly, so that each subject gets equal importance.
Keep some time in hand for extra revision: Always plan a study routine in a manner that the extra time can be kept for additional revision purpose. Thus, students can avoid the tension of shortage of study time.


A year after their onstage debut, the atmospheric black-metal survivor WIFE and grime experimentalist Mumdance join again to fuse pummeling beats with sheets of noise into a kind of transcendent fury.
At a moment when every midsize market seems to have at least one middling music festival, the most enduring events understand that mere stand-and-deliver sets from known quantities aren't enough to jumpstart intrigue, let alone maintain it. If the question is how to stand out, the available answers are manifold: full-album performances, audacious premieres, unforeseen reunions, one-off collaborations, art installations in spectacular settings. During the last 15 years, Unsound—an especially adventurous experimental festival rooted in Poland but now with branches worldwide—has tried it all. For recent editions, they have helped propel a touring ballet and album by footwork disruptor Jlin and British choreographer Wayne McGregor and staged a Matmos performance of a Robert Ashley opera; in 2014, they even launched a line of perfumes created in concert with Tim Hecker, Ben Frost, and Kode9, and designed to accompany their music. In a landscape that is formulaic by industry design, Unsound epitomizes the idea that festivals can be about more than combining beers and bands to make money.
Bliss Signal are not the most shocking or unexpected project to stem from Unsound's hallowed history, but the project's 2017 Krakow debut did represent a reach across the aisles of distinct British niches. James Kelly emerged a decade ago as Altar of Plagues, an intoxicating atmospheric black-metal band that gave its complex song structures a slick electronic skin; Kelly soon inverted the idea as WIFE, a hard-edged electronic pop project built around a heavy-metal heart. As Mumdance, British producer Jack Adams has been a similarly brazen synthesist, grappling with harsh noise and hip-hop power above a stiffened electronic spine. His sense of repetitive propulsion and lurking melody has long suggested a spiritual kinship with heavy metal's sweaty ecstasy. In retrospect, Kelly and Adams are nearby pieces of the same postmodern musical puzzle—fitting partners given the right circumstances, like an invitation and a stage at one of the world's best festivals.
Their eight-track, full-length debut arrives almost exactly a year after that onstage premiere and systematically checks each of the duo's requisite boxes: For "Floodlight," a hangman riff frames a concussive beat before they merge into a racing industrial wallop. For "Surge," pummeling techno becomes a blast-beat surrogate, the pulse furious beneath a sheer black-metal façade. There is a pensive intro that drops a sonar signal into subaqueous hum, an interlude of soft drone and whirring static, and an expansive outro that feels like a deep breath exhaled with eyes closed and chin skyward.
The best moments on Bliss Signal—when Adams' circuits flip Kelly's riff upside down during "Tranq," or every time the beat recoils and releases during the title track—hinge more on force than finesse. In fact, these 30 minutes feel like a blaze of glory for one spin, maybe two, overwhelming you the way Salem's King Night might have. But as with that largely forgotten crew, repeated listens don't yield the depth of peers like, say, Tim Hecker, Andy Stott, or Maja Ratkje. Bliss Signal doesn't produce the lasting despair of labelmate and clear predecessor Prurient (it does seem at times like his Cocaine Death, reimagined as a maze of locked grooves), the ascendant beauty of the Hafler Trio, or the transcendent motion of M83. You can hear traces of all that throughout Bliss Signal, and they are entirely tantalizing. But they never coalesce into a cohesive sound, never rising past fury into a singular identity.
Aside from the occasional deluge of gray-shaded deliverance, what's best about Bliss Signal might be its keen sense of promise—the potential that remains in ideas left unfulfilled and detours left untaken. At less than five minutes, "Endless Rush" doesn't pursue the implied infinity of its name. A fluorescent glow slowly rises, with Kelly and Adams pulling a steadily escalating beat taut beneath it. Listening feels like watching the pages of some massive flipbook fly by, knowingly waiting for an end you hope never comes. The song fades away too soon, the sad whimper at the end of an exciting life cut short. I want to hear them shape a piece like this over the course of an hour, teasing out its every nuance much like the Necks. And only for the exquisite finale, "Ambi Drift," do Bliss Signal add vocals. They use Kelly's arced falsetto as a sort of curved steel beam, the anchor around which they hang spiderwebbed distortion and noise that crackles like the embers of an eternal campfire. It recasts Sigur Rós, suddenly aiming for hell rather than heaven. The song lingers at album's end like an alluring ellipsis, suggesting there's more but not guaranteeing it. Here's hoping there is.


Don't you dare doing anything you would do if that's something I wouldn't do as you do or don't or...whatever!
PS while I'm here...amagad M-M-M-MOUSE!
Gotta do what i gotta do boi, if i don't do it, how would I be ? Lol a mouse, u should like an elephant ( cause ur scared of mice) be careful!!
We do, and here's a little friendly advice to help you with downloads!
Excusez-moi for 100% off-topic, but dat sig!
Omg that download process... I must try it!
see what u do James?!?!
I hafta apologize to my dear ladies. Say, have a couple of shadow-pencil images!
Wow I am impress, ^-^, People have so much imagination, I can't even draw a Stick man :D ?
PS you likely never played this ancient game - so the tune won't ring a bell, but the instrument (hmm...whateveritscalled) is crazy!