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6th December 2021 (8th December 2021) Politics and PolicyLabour Party, Plaid Cymru, Welsh Government
The cooperation agreement between Plaid and Labour raises major accountability and scrutiny issues, Andrew RT Davies argues.
They say a week is a long time in politics. And it's fair to say that during my absence over the past two months, the political dynamic in Cardiff Bay has changed significantly.
First and foremost, I'd like to say a huge thank you to everyone who sent messages of support.
They've come from across the political divide and all walks of life. They were hugely appreciated at a difficult time and I'm delighted to be back in the job.
The most important element of that role is leading the opposition in the Senedd. It's fair to say the Labour-Plaid Co-Operation Agreement announced in recent weeks has made scrutinising the Welsh Government more complicated.
'To say this deal places the Senedd and the structure of governance in Wales in unchartered territory is an understatement.'
It won't surprise readers that I have many concerns over certain policy aspects of the deal.
You'll hear lots from me on this in the coming months. But firstly, I'd like to examine how this deal impacts the integrity of the Senedd, and the way it conducts its business.
To say this deal places the Senedd and the structure of governance in Wales in unchartered territory is an understatement.
Before us, we see a coalition in all but name. To underline this, Plaid Leader Adam Price will regularly join Mark Drakeford at Cathays Park for joint press conferences. I'm sure it will be blockbuster viewing.
But at the same time, he'll supposedly be scrutinising him at First Minister's Questions every Tuesday afternoon.
And the Coalition Agreement is so wide-ranging, there will be few issues Plaid will actually be able to scrutinise.
Forty-six areas of governance are now covered by this coalition deal. And Adam Price is riding two horses, simultaneously acting as a coalition partner while being an opposition party leader too.
This creates a major conflict and is simply not sustainable.
I'm not alone in finding it confusing that Plaid members will be receiving support from dedicated civil servants one moment, and playing opposition the next. This makes the current Senedd systems unworkable and untenable.
Under the Government of Wales Act, Plaid are not considered to have executive responsibilities because they will have no ministers. Technically, powers will be exercised by the Welsh Government.
But the exercise of those powers will all be agreed with Plaid on a 'no surprises' basis. Plaid will have Special Advisers in Government and so-called 'Designated Members' to work jointly with ministers, acting very much like a Deputy Minister.
Syniadau uchelgeisiol, awdurdodol a mentrus.
Ymunwch â ni i gyfrannu at wneud Cymru gwell.
Will these Designated Members fall under the Ministerial Code, and will they be subject to collective responsibility? These are key components of the check and balances of government.
Even former Labour Minister Alun Davies told the Government, 'it might not be a coalition, but it looks like one'.
Plaid will have all the trappings of government, but without any of the accountability. There's no mechanism for MSs to scrutinise Adam Price or his Designated Members. I think anybody who believes democratic accountability is important should be concerned by this.
The Senedd's Presiding Officer has described the arrangement as 'novel'. Well, that's certainly one way of putting it.
'The new way of governing must not be at the expense of democracy.'
When we saw the One Wales Coalition in 2007, the structure of governance was much simpler. We knew where we stood.
The Labour Party were short on numbers and made a deal with Plaid Cymru. Plaid had ministers in the Cabinet who were properly scrutinised by AMs.
A few months ago, I wrote for the IWA to discuss ideas I had for improving and modernising Senedd business. This new arrangement should see dramatic changes.
The new way of governing must not be at the expense of democracy. New procedures must be implemented to reflect the field of play.
The closest example to this arrangement that I can find is the agreement in Scotland, where the SNP share power with the Greens.
The Presiding Officer in the Scottish Parliament has taken away the Greens leader's questions at FMQs. She's also stopped automatically calling them at the start and close of debates, and reduced the amount of public money they receive.
All these measures reflect the fact the Greens are sharing power with the SNP.
When taking her decision, the Scottish Presiding Officer noted the 'no surprises approach to parliamentary business' in the SNP-Green Agreement. She said this fundamentally altered the Greens' position at the third largest opposition party in the Scottish Parliament. We see that same approach in this Labour/Plaid deal.
'No minister should be sitting on a committee, let alone chairing one.'
The Labour Government and Plaid Cymru like to think they've looked to Europe for inspiration when it comes to this deal. The Presiding Officer must now look to Scotland for inspiration when it comes to dealing with its Labour and Plaid signatories.
Another aspect of this coalition (I believe in calling a spade a spade) that must be looked at is the role of Senedd committees.
No minister should be sitting on a committee, let alone chairing one. After all, they exist to scrutinise the Welsh Government.
Plaid argue their Designated Members are not ministers, but if something looks like a duck and quacks like a duck, most likely it's a duck.
It's no longer tenable for Plaid to have responsibility for chairing the Finance Committee, which has the important responsibility of scrutinising the Welsh Government budget.
Peredur Owen Griffiths MS has been an excellent chair of the committee. But as part of this deal, Plaid will receive regular and substantial updates on the budget, something not traditionally afforded to opposition parties.
It places him and the committee in an impossible situation. It's not right that someone who belongs to a group working to deliver a programme of government can lead the scrutiny of that programme.
Labour and Plaid often claim they want to protect the Senedd. But barring the odd vocal exception on their backbenches, it seems like they're now paying little regard to its responsibilities and functions.
I'll unavoidably take issue with some aspects of a Labour-Plaid programme for government. But this is an issue that goes beyond ideological differences. It's a matter of the democratic accountability of those who wield executive power.
Undoubtedly, the Presiding Officer has an important couple of weeks ahead. The new arrangements have huge implications for delivering the government's programme, and the integrity of the Senedd.
The credibility of the Welsh Parliament is at stake. It is important that the Presiding Officer acts now to preserve its Parliamentary integrity.
Andrew RT Davies MS
Leader of the Welsh Conservatives
This article has been amended on Wednesday 8 December to reflect the fact that Peredur Owen Griffiths MS, not Llŷr Gruffydd MS, is Chair of the Finance Committee.
All articles published on the welsh agenda are subject to IWA's disclaimer.
Andrew RT Davies is the leader of the Welsh Conservatives.
Author: Rtadams / License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/


Falun Gong follower Xiao Wang, of Livermore, a volunteer with the Asian Art Foundation, holds photos of her mother, Jiling Song, father, Zhansuo Wang, and brother, Xia Wang, at a Falun Gong art exhibit at the Livermore library in Livermore on May 15, 2013. In 2010, her father, mother and younger brother were arrested and jailed for practicing Falun Gong, which has been banned as a "cult" by the Chinese government. While her mother and brother have been released, her father remains in jail on a four-year sentence. Xiao says her father is in ill health and fears he will die in prison if he is not released soon.
LIVERMORE — Nearly every day for a month, Livermore resident Xiao Wang has visited the Livermore library to tell her story, and those of others like her mother, father and brother, punished for adhering to a banned spiritual practice in China.
Wang, a volunteer for the Asian Art Foundation in San Jose, helped bring an international art exhibit to the library featuring artists who also practice Falun Gong, a discipline combining meditation and physical exercises. The prints depict images of peaceful meditation juxtaposed with scenes of persecution, police ransacking homes and torture.
In the lobby, Wang, 37, passes out information on Falun Gong — also known as Falun Dafa. Most visitors, she said, haven't heard of the practice, or the past 14 years of its suppression.
Living in the city of Qingdao in China's Shandong Province, Wang's parents began the practice in 1998, finding it improved their physical and mental health.
According to Dr. Sherry Zhang, a spokeswoman for Falun Gong in San Francisco, the practice was performed privately for thousands of years, until Li Hongzhi — whom practitioners call "the Master" — brought it to the public in 1992. Over the next seven years, Falun Gong exploded in China. Government estimates put the number of followers at 70 million.
Zhang said the Chinese government sought control because of the fast growth and, seemingly overnight, practicing Falun Gong became dangerous.
In July 1999, the official campaign began in earnest, with police arresting thousands of practitioners. Several of her friends, she said, were sent to forced labor camps and had their homes torn apart by police.
The campaign is ongoing; the human rights group Amnesty International estimates tens of thousands of Falun Gong practitioners have been detained since 1999.
Wang's family continued the practice in secret until 2010, when a neighbor asked her father what he did to keep himself looking youthful. The neighbor, Wang said, told police, who broke into the home and arrested her father, mother and brother.
Wang said her mother Jiling, 61, was taken to a detention center and beaten and tortured. After two weeks in a hospital, she was placed on home detention for six months.
Wang said her father and brother Xia, 33, remained in jail. To save his son from further imprisonment, Zhansuo admitted to government charges, receiving a four-year jail sentence. Zhansuo, 64, is due for release in 2014, but Xiao Wang fears he won't make it. In 2011, a tumor was found on his liver, Wang said, and a recent photo shows him gaunt.
Amnesty International's Zimmerman said he was aware of Wang's story, and though it isn't a case the larger organization would pursue, local Amnesty groups may want to investigate.
"We don't have the resources to campaign on all these thousands of cases," Zimmerman said.
Amnesty International has worked to release a number of jailed practitioners, including Bu Dongwei, of San Francisco, granted release in 2008. Prisoners, Zimmerman said, may receive better treatment if there is enough public concern.
According to Falun Gong spokeswoman Zhang, letters from U.S. government officials have helped get some jail sentences shortened. After their release, practitioners can seek asylum through the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service.
Wang has put her effort into a letter-writing campaign and an online petition. Her letters to Chinese officials and protests at the consulate in L.A. ignored, she has contacted several elected officials, but has received little feedback.
Wang moved to Livermore in 2011, and in May, approached Congressman Eric Swalwell, D-Dublin, for help. On May 28, two Falun Gong practitioners met with a Swalwell aide in Washington, D.C., passing along a letter from Wang pleading for aid.
Wang said her own Falun Gong practice, learned from her parents, has been the source of strength during her ordeal.
"No matter where the Falun Gong practitioners are kept or tortured, we keep hope because we believe the good will win out," she said.
To sign an online petition and read more about Xiao's case, visit rescuemyfamily.org. For more on the "Truth, Compassion, Tolerance" international art exhibition, visit falunart.org.
The Art of Zhen, Shan, Ren (Truth, Compassion, Tolerance) International Exhibition, featuring oil paintings and watercolors based on the spiritual discipline of Falun Dafa — also known as Falun Gong — is on display at the Livermore Library, 1188 S. Livermore Ave. through Friday. For more on the next Bay Area exhibit, visit http://en.falunart.org/ or call David Zhang at 415-937-0615.
For more on Falun Gong, visit faluninfo.net.


Restricted to Repository staff only until 7 July 2020.
Upstream and downstream petroleum industry generate of significant amounts of oily sludge per day. On the other hand, a disposal of such sludge requires expensive pre-treatments following local regulations. Conventional processes, like centrifugal separation provide sludge volume reduction and water extraction. However, water-in-oil emulsion requires extra stages for phase separation, which overall increases the costs. Therefore, electrokinetically (EK) assisted oil-water phase separation method was considered. In this study, a novel implemented controller, installed into the EK system, permitted to increase the length of exposure time to electrical field, while a significant decrease of energy consumption was observed. The controller, implemented based on Percolation Theory and applied to a linear horizontal EK system, showed enhanced sludge demulsification and improvement the quality of separated fractions. TGA analysis showed a superior quality of liquids extracted by EK with controller comparing to liquids without controller or generated by centrifuging process. A reaction rate with respect to temperature to assess the presence of water in the oil was also defined. The method, shown in this paper, advances the oil-water phase separation and permits for better oil recovery and sludge volume reduction.


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Phoenix, AZ Highlighting Tempe
Show - Alonzo Bodden
Saturday, Mar 6, 2021 at 9:30pm
www.tempeimprov.com
A regular panel member on NPR's Wait Wait…Don't Tell Me, Alonzo Bodden has been making audiences around the world laugh for more than 20 years. In August 2019, Alonzo starred in his fourth stand-up special, Heavy Lightweight, which premiered exclusively on Amazon Prime Video.
His first big comedy break came when he was on the "New Faces of Comedy" showcase at the Just for Laughs Festival in Montreal, but it was as the season three winner of NBC's Last Comic Standing, where Alonzo was first introduced to America. Since then, he has starred in two comedy specials for Showtime: Historically Incorrect and Who's Paying Attention. He's also made appearances on ABC's Dr. Ken and Fresh Off the Boat, Dr. Phil, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Late Night with Conan O'Brien, Comedy Central's The Nightly Show with Larry Wilmore and Californication.
In 2018, Alonzo released his fifth comedy CD titled Man Overboard, and currently hosts the podcast Who's Paying Attention? where he gives his unique take on what's going on in the world.
Monday - Thursday Shows, The Later Showtime on Friday & Sunday Shows Are 18+ | All Other Shows Are 21+ Unless Noted
Two Drink Minimum Per Person Inside Of The Showroom
Valid Photo ID Is Required To Pick Up Your Tickets
Management Reserves The Right To Release Your Tickets/Seats If You Do Not Arrive By Scheduled Showtime
This event listing provided for the Tempe community events calendar. Community events are not associated with or sponsored by AARP, but may be of interest to you. If you have an event to share, let us know!
More from AARP in Tempe
Tempe Happenings | Upcoming AARP Events | About AARP
Tempe Happenings
AARP AZ Virtual Drum, Music & Voice Jam (No Jelly) Session 01/20/21
Wednesday, Jan 20, 2021 at 10:00am US Mountain Time
An ally on the issues that matter most to you in Tempe

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: Dependency Injection to resolve dependency with runtime data I am using simple injector for my web api project.  I have a service which requires a session token in order for it to instantiate.
public class CustomerService
{
   public CustomerService(Auth auth, IRepositoryFactory repositoryFactory)
   {
        // make post call to another web api for validation
        SomeWebApiCallToValidateAuth.vaildate(auth);
   }
}

So for this service, it requires an auth token and a repositoryFactory.  I want it to be able to inject the auth parameter (which comes from the http web request) and at the same time to resolve the repository factory with the specified implemented thats registered to the container.
But I am not sure how to register this with simple injector or if there is a way around it.  Any help would be great.  Thanks.

A: Your current approach has several downsides:

*

*You inject runtime data into the constructor of your component, which can lead to complications.

*You make use of an Abstract Factory, which is often not the best abstraction.

*Your constructor invokes validation, while it should do nothing other than storing its incoming dependencies. This way you can compose your object graphs with confidence.

Concerning the factory: Inject an IRepository rather than an IRepositoryFactory. This might require you to hide the real repository behind a proxy, as explained here.
Concerning the Auth value, it depends on the need, but if the Auth value is an important part of the API of CustomerService, this justifies adding Auth as argument on the methods of CustomerService. If it is an implementation detail, inject an IAuthProvider abstraction of some sort that allows you to retrieve the value at runtime (after the object graph is built). Again, this all is described in this article.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Limited edition film? Yes, it does exists: Lomography is now taking pre-orders for Orca 110 B&W 100 ISO film. Only 5000 units will be produced. Shipping starts next week.
30 minute limit on video recording could be removed if the World Trade Organization's Information Technology Agreement (ITA) is expanded.
This entry was posted in Apple, Fuji, Other. Bookmark the permalink. Trackbacks are closed, but you can post a comment.


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CNBC's London Studio Showcases Automated Technologies
Additional Providers
Mahwah, NJ (May 31, 2011) – Telemetrics Inc, the industry leader in camera robotics and control systems for robotic camera systems, has added a new entry to its impressive list of international projects with the recent installation at CNBC's newly revamped London studios.
The state of the art studio has increased in size by 40 percent and is complemented by a 10-camera system, robotically controlled . The Telemetrics system provides dynamic camera angles for a variety of on-air presentation positions in the new studio space.
"The Telemetrics robotic heads have created tangible ways for CNBC to develop rich and more engaging viewing experiences for their audience," said Anthony Cuomo, Vice President and General Manager, Telemetrics, Inc. "The use of robotics is an integral part of CNBC's breakthrough approach to integrating broadcast and digital technologies and we are extremely pleased to be a valued technical partner."
The Telemetrics system includes four remotely controlled pan/tilt heads, two of which are ceiling mounted and inverted to the left and right of the main studio floor. The remaining two pan/tilt heads are mounted, facing each other on Telemetrics Elevating Wall Mount vertical track sets. The Telemetrics Elevating Wall Mount is a remote controlled camera positioning system that offers vertical positioning to the pan and tilt camera movement and adds a movement similar to that of a pedestal, but with greater height ranges.
CNBC's Fleet Place facilities in London are the European headquarters for CNBC and the studio upgrade was managed internally by Neil Burt, CNBC's Head of Technical Operations, EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa). Using robotic camera control systems from Vinten/Radamec, Mr. Burt's team was able to more easily configure the multi-functional studio space and alternative settings for the broadcaster's daily programs as well as utilize current equipment.
"An important aspect in our decision to go with the Telemetrics system is its small footprint, along with a reputation for quality performance and reliability," said Mr. Burt. "It was also very important that it could integrate with our existing Radamec controller in the gallery."
Along with CNBC, Telemetrics robotic and camera control systems are used by Canada's Global TV, China's ShenZhen TV, CNN, BBC, The Weather Channel, Major League Baseball (MLB) and others. The CNBC London project was supported locally by Bright Space Technologies, a Telemetrics partner, with assistance by Metreel.
High Performance Servo Pan/Tilt Head
by Telemetrics Inc.
Model: PT-HP-S4 - Discontinued
Large TelePrompter Pan/Tilt Head
Model: PT-LP-S4 - Discontinued
6 Leighton Place
Mahwah NJ , 07430


We have already completed our first month of 2016 and it has certainly gone by very quickly! As we enter into February, there are many new and exciting things heading our way in 2016 from all aspects of our AHBA's associates council. We look forward to sharing with everyone each month all of these wonderful opportunities on our AHBA website. There are many new opportunities to grow on the local, state and national levels and we must take advantage of these opportunities now. What is most important though, is as associates, we need to be active and participate on all levels especially in our local and state HBA's. Times are changing rapidly, from our economy, to the way we do business, and the health of the building industry among a number of other factors. There is no better time for us to act than now.
I would like to thank our outgoing associates Chairperson, Dianna Nix for her two years of dedication and service as the 2014-15 Chairperson. Dianna has dedicated much of her time and energy as we are in the rebuilding and restructuring phase of the AHBA Associates Council into something bigger and better than it has ever been before. I would like to thank the 4 executive officers, new state associate council members and officers that attended our quarterly meeting in Little Rock this past January. The executive officers that attended are State Associates meeting were from the Ft. Smith, Greater Little Rock, NW AR and Saline HBA's. Our hope is that more executive officers will attend our quarterly associates council meetings in Little Rock and monthly conference calls so that we may better communicate and grow as both local HBA's and as a state HBA. I would also like to thank our new AHBA associate council members for 2016 and all of those that attended our first meeting of the year; I know that your time is valuable and it is greatly appreciated. Finally, I would like to welcome Devon Mason as our 2016 AHBA associates council Vice Chair and look forward to working with everyone in 2016.


Once the device or component are approved, Medibrane guides the customer through the process of transitioning to large-scale manufacturing, providing optimized, cost-effective, high-yield production solutions.
Medibrane, having invested heavily in advanced proprietary machinery, reduces the manufacturing cost of each individual product, thereby reducing the time and costs of the entire production line.
Medibrane provides contract manufacturing services for several world leading OEMs, as well as for smaller emerging medical technology companies, while also maintaining its own facilities for producing customized… to produce volumes from custom-builds.
Our manufacturing facilities are ISO 13485:2003 certified, and our development processes ensure lean methodologies implemented into the product's design. Our manufacturing engineers provide continuous process improvements through the product's lifecycle.


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Photo by Zac Gudakov on Unsplash
Brain Health, Cognitive Decline
by Brain Tomorrow Wire
Living in a disadvantaged area could lead to brain shrinkage, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease, a new study suggests. Middle-aged and older people living in areas with lower incomes, poor education and employment prospects, and worse-quality housing experienced cognitive decline, while their counterparts in rich areas were fine, say researchers.
The team behind the findings, from the University of Wisconsin, believes the causes for the neurological decline of underprivileged residents could include air pollution, lack of access to healthy food and healthcare, and stressful life events.
"Worldwide, dementia is a major cause of illness and a devastating diagnosis. There are currently no treatments to cure the disease, so identifying possible modifiable risk factors is important," said Dr. Amy Kind from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison, in a statement.
"Compelling evidence exists that the social, economic, cultural, and physical conditions in which humans live may affect health. We wanted to determine if these neighborhood conditions increase the risk for the neurodegeneration and cognitive decline associated with the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease and dementia."
For the study, 610 Wisconsin residents with an average age of 59 underwent a series of MRI brain scans over a period of ten years. With each scan, researchers measured brain volume in areas of the brain linked to the development of Alzheimer's dementia. Participants also took thinking and memory tests every two years, including tests that measured processing speed, mental flexibility, and self-control.
Researchers used the residential address of each participant and a measure called the "Area Deprivation Index" to determine whether each participant lived in an advantaged or disadvantaged neighborhood. The index, which divides towns into areas of 1,500 residents, takes into account socio-economic factors including income, employment, education, and housing quality to give them an overall score.
When the study began, scientists noted no difference in brain volume between people living in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods and those in other areas. But by the end of the ten years, they found brain shrinkage in areas of the brain associated with dementia in people in the worst-off places, while there was no shrinkage in the other group. Researchers also found a higher rate of decline in tests that measure the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
"Our findings suggest that increased vigilance by healthcare providers for early signs of dementia may be particularly important in this vulnerable population. Some possible causes of these brain changes may include air pollution, lack of access to healthy food and healthcare, and stressful life events," says Dr. Kind. "Further research into possible social and biological pathways may help physicians, researchers and policymakers identify effective avenues for prevention and intervention in Alzheimer's disease and related dementia."
The study is published in the journal Neurology.
SWNS writer William Janes contributed to this report.
Brain Tomorrow Wire
View Brain Tomorrow's article archive
Ballroom dancing benefits aging brains — and could help stave off dementiaJanuary 5, 2023
Keep wearing that annoying mask — it can protect you from earlier Alzheimer's disease!December 20, 2022
Alzheimer's Blood Test Could Detect Disease 6 Years Ahead Of SymptomsDecember 17, 2022


Our guides to the Lake District's best pubs and restaurants offer culinary choices to suit all tastes (and taste buds!). Enjoy delightful high-tea, Michelin-starred meals, fantastic pub grub and a pit-stop at perhaps the country's finest motorway services.
The Lake District isn't short of perfect places to eat. Whether you're looking for a Michelin starred meal for two, hearty pub grub in glorious surroundings, ornate tea for two or a quick pit stop as you make your way from one gorgeous location to another – you will find a wealth of wonderful choice.
There's a proud tradition of innkeeping right across the majestic Lake District, and the growing popularity of craft beers and artisan spirits makes this a great time to sample that tradition for yourself.
Take a look at cottages.com for a selection of fantastic self-catering cottages in the Lake District.


This unit seemed to make sense to me. It is important to teach the students correct grammar within the english language; not just the words. This unit helped with this, particularily making sure that the words have the correct useage. This will be helpful to look back on in the future.This unit is about how to maintain student's attention and get success. Thanks to tips we know some rules that may help us to control the class, how to let student sit during the class , how to organize activity and give a chance to everyone being involved in the learning process.In this unit we look at the receptive skills,reading and listening. There's two motives for reading and listening, one is for purpose and two is for entertainment . The problems with listening and reading and also the language . Patch work lesson plan is one of the ESA method to teach.


Proactive – we actively search for the solutions to each Client's challenges, be it taxation, financial, business or investment.
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Tag Archives: gardens
Cultivating Philosophy in the Epicurean Garden
Laura Linker
Posted on May 14, 2013 by Laura Linker
Denham Place, Buckinghamshire. Unknown artist, 17th century, British. Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Collection.
In the late seventeenth century, the philosopher Epicurus and his garden made a comeback in England. Natural philosophers looked to his arguments about atomic swerve to understand the cosmos, and translations of Lucretius's On the Nature of the Universe, the primary classical source for dissemination of Epicurus's ideas, went through multiple English translations by a diverse group of enthusiasts, including, among others, the Puritan, Lucy Hutchinson; the Restoration court writer and poet laureate, John Dryden; the diarist, John Evelyn; and the most prolific of the translators, Thomas Creech, praised by Aphra Behn for making Lucretius available to English readers.
At the center of Epicurean philosophy lies the garden, a symbol for Epicurus's philosophical ideal of ataraxia, or tranquil pleasure. It is perhaps not surprising that the tumultuous years of civil war and regicide (1640s); the Restoration (1660); plague (1665); fire (1666); and several wars with the Dutch (1650s-70s) would have produced renewed interest among the English in Epicurean philosophy, which argued for retreat from chaos and politics, always unstable, whether in ancient Rome or late Stuart London. The seventeenth century was perhaps a good time to stay in one's English countryside garden and tend the roses.
Sir William Temple's essay, "Upon the gardens of Epicurus, or, of gardening in the year 1685," offers practical advice and best practices for growing plants in England and describes other gardens around the world. In Temple's world, virtuous philosophy cultivates virtuous vegetation, and Temple is most interested in the nutritious and sweetest fruits with the greatest health benefit. He takes particular interest in the natural plants that counter poisons. The perfect garden provides the simplest nourishment, which Temple advises is the best diet, cautioning the reader against too much meat and wine. We might do well to follow some of his advice today.
The physical garden was to Temple and other Epicureans a reflection of one's mental landscape, and in the best of all possible worlds, one would stay in the garden–a position that Voltaire would later and more famously endorse in Candide. That is, if duty–a Stoic ideal of virtue–didn't intervene. An important statesman, Temple negotiated the Triple Alliance, taking an active role in Charles II's government until he followed Epicurus's advice and retired to his own garden. He praises retirement as a philosophical mode in his "Upon the gardens," and he defends Lucretius from detractors who attacked him for atheism. One of the ancients, Lucretius rightfully belongs among the ranks of Homer, Virgil, and Horace, classical writers revered in the period. Lucretius, Temple argues, was no more or less pagan than they were and deserves equal admiration.
Members of the Royal Society took Epicureanism seriously in their investigations of the body and soul. Temple, however, disliked natural philosophy. In "Upon the gardens," he does not endorse Lucretian atomism to understand the body or the soul. The era saw tremendous advances in medicine, including Thomas Willis's discovery of the cranial nerves, still called the "Circle of Willis," and debates about the operation of the 'animal spirits,' those invisible forces thought to flow through the nerve pathways and link a higher with a lower soul. The eclectic physician and natural philosopher Walter Charleton, among others, connected the animal spirits to Lucretian atomism. Temple thought this was not the business of mankind. We might hear Alexander Pope's Great Chain of Being swinging off in the distance.
Temple most admired Lucretius's arguments for retreat into a natural space where even the poorest of humans might experience the noblest of tranquil virtues, thereby rivaling or surpassing kings in the simple acts of growing, weeding, planting, and reaping. Though a Royalist, Temple makes a subtle argument in his "Upon the gardens" for the equality of mankind. In other essays, he advocates for peace over conflict, lauding the virtues of a well-functioning government over the glory of war. This in a period that saw England's greatest imperialistic expansion and many English translations of epics. Temple suggests the inferiority of Homer and Virgil, who depict epic deities with the worst human qualities enacting the basest schemes against mortals, to Lucretius, who argues against their existence. Though at other times sounding strongly Christian, Temple here seems to endorse Lucretius's ideas, which led some critics to accuse him of atheism.
The idea of Epicureanism as a state of virtuous tranquility or simple living has not survived in popular understandings of the word "Epicurean." It became associated with a pleasure ideal followed by Charles II's court libertines, who misused the term in writing about their sensory pleasures. It was precisely these sorts of pleasures that Epicurus and Lucretius discouraged their followers from pursuing. They argued that it disrupted the mind and caused unhappiness, frustration, and depression. Lucretius spends an entire book (Book 4)–which Dryden translates in Sylvae–in On the Nature of the Universe in dissuading humans from sexual promiscuity along with other excesses, including gluttony. Ironically, a Google search of the term "Epicurean" will yield more results for food, wine, and kitchen products than it will for anything Epicurus or Lucretius valued–friendship, moderation, and gardening–all pursuits cultivating virtue and the life of the active body and mind.
That is not to say that Epicurus or Lucretius disavow all sensory pleasures, and the garden Temple describes is abundant with procreative purpose. He genders certain plants as strong and masculine and describes the eroticism of the plants, redefining the idea of sensuous experience in an age when debauchery still ruled the court. In Temple's garden, all sorts of pleasures await the senses. Birdsong ravishes the ears; fruits tantalize the eyes and noses; the texture of plants and fruits roughen, nuzzle, or prick the skin; and exotic oranges, ripe cherries, and perfect apples sweeten the tongue. Temple's Eden is an erotic space where Adam and Eve once played and "worked" happily together. These organic pleasures are subtle and require finely tuned senses rather than the baser ones the notorious rake, John Wilmot, the Earl of Rochester, refines in his poetry.
The film The Serpent's Kiss (1997, directed by Philippe Rousselot), is set during the reign of William III in 1699 and dramatizes some of Temple's ideas. A Dutch landscape gardener, Meneer Chrome (actor Ewan MacGregor) arrives to the English countryside to design a garden for a pretentious would-be gentleman, Thomas Smithers (actor Pete Postelthwaite), who desires a garden for his vain and adulterous wife, Juliana (actress Greta Scacchi). The daughter of the house, Anna, who renames herself Thea (actress Carmen Chaplin), opposes the planned garden and seems to command the wind to destroy it. She filters her world through the lens of Andrew Marvell's poetry, wanting only the wild natural world to fill her senses. Her parents' lifestyle seems to drive her mad, and her father nearly has her committed, treating her "unnatural" obsession for the outdoors as a form of madness requiring several tortuous treatments. She eventually elopes with the gardener, literally throwing out her poetry book. Both Meneer and Thea/Anna embrace the idea of a natural Edenic world and an uncontrived life.
Though Temple rejects the vanity that Smithers and Juliana represent, he saw the patterned garden as an expression of reason, anticipating the magnificently complex gardens of the eighteenth century. Like seventeenth-century definitions of wit, Temple's philosophy of the garden expresses a balance of judgment and fancy, those gendered faculties of the mind, and an appropriate blend of reason and passion. The act of gardening for Temple was the practice of freeing the self from the disordered passions, unavoidable but capable of being subdued like wild weeds. One needs only a patch of earth, a shovel, and a life of the mind.
Posted in Collections, Gardens and Landscapes, Science and the Arts in the Long 18th Century	| Tagged Dryden, Epicurus, film, gardens, Lucretius, philosophy, Temple	| 4 Comments |


text:
"""A tool to archive build dependencie data, which is used by
   http://blame-bot.appspot.com to find culprit CLs for regressions.

  When this is run, the current directory (cwd) should be the outer build
  directory (e.g., chrome-release/build/).

  For a list of command-line options, call this script with '--help'.
"""

import gzip
import optparse
import os
import shutil
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile

from slave import slave_utils

def _RunNinjaSubTool(options, tmp_dir, sub_tool):
  ninja_dir = os.path.join('out', options.target)
  command = ['ninja', '-C', ninja_dir, '-t', sub_tool]
  filename = 'ninja-%s.txt' % sub_tool
  txt = os.path.join(tmp_dir, filename)
  with open(txt, 'w') as f:
    print 'Running command %s, saving output to %s' % (command, txt)
    retcode = subprocess.call(command, stdout=f)
    print 'Command returned %d' % retcode
  with open(txt) as f:
    txt_gz = txt + '.gz'
    with gzip.open(txt_gz, 'w') as g:
      g.writelines(f)

  upload_url = 'gs://blame-bot.appspot.com/%s/%s/%s' % (options.master,
      options.builder, options.build)
  slave_utils.GSUtilCopyFile(txt_gz, upload_url)

def Archive(options, args):
  try:
    start_dir = os.getcwd()
    print 'Changing directory to %s' % options.src_dir
    os.chdir(options.src_dir)
    try:
      tmp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
      print 'Staging in %s' % tmp_dir
      _RunNinjaSubTool(options, tmp_dir, 'graph')
      _RunNinjaSubTool(options, tmp_dir, 'deps')
    finally:
      os.chdir(start_dir)
  finally:
    shutil.rmtree(tmp_dir)

def main():
  option_parser = optparse.OptionParser()

  option_parser.add_option('--src-dir', default='src',
                           help='path to the root of the source tree')
  option_parser.add_option('--target', default='Release',
                           help='build target (Debug or Release)')
  option_parser.add_option('--master', help='master name (e.g. chromium)')
  option_parser.add_option('--builder', help='builder name (e.g. Linux)')
  option_parser.add_option('--build', help='build number (e.g. 53197)')

  options, args = option_parser.parse_args()

  options.src_dir = os.path.abspath(options.src_dir)

  if not options.master or not options.builder or not options.build:
    print option_parser.usage
    return 1

  return Archive(options, args)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  sys.exit(main())

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I've recently stated using the app and it's really good, the ability to track food, symptoms and medication in the same place is really useful. I do have a suggestion to make the app even better, could you add a free text entry option, so that it could be used as a journal? I'd like to be able to reflect on each day and note anything that's happened that might have affected me. I'm trying to narrow down the intolerances that are contributing to my IBS but I don't think food is the entire answer.
Thank you for your input and I'm happy you like our app. Yes, we plan to include an option like that in the next update. At the moment we're working on it and we hope to release it in December!
Last edit: 3 years 5 months ago by finadmin.


Bailey is Maya's older brother, with whom she has a special kind of familial bond. Bailey looks out for Marguerite when they are children, and Marguerite trusts him more than anyone. Bailey's experiences growing up as a black boy in the south demonstrate the particular challenges and indignities endured by black men in America.
The timeline below shows where the character Bailey Johnson appears in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Carey, Patrick. "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Characters: Bailey Johnson." LitCharts. LitCharts LLC, 5 Dec 2016. Web. 23 Apr 2019.
Carey, Patrick. "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Characters: Bailey Johnson." LitCharts LLC, December 5, 2016. Retrieved April 23, 2019. https://www.litcharts.com/lit/i-know-why-the-caged-bird-sings/characters/bailey-johnson.


This is a new car racing game of deadly proportions. Race against other super power enemy cars through cities, tunnels, farms, and more. Launch yourself off jumps and collect coins until you are able to upgrade your car or unlock new cars to race with.


The K-Town Youth Health Center (PDF) is a child and adolescent health center serving Kingsley's youth between the ages of 10 and 21, as well as their children. All students under 18 must have parental consent for most visits. Under Michigan law, a minor can receive certain confidential services without parental consent. Please call for more information on which services are offered confidentially.
You can make an appointment or call with questions anytime at 231-263-5895.
You can down the K-town forms to fill out and bring to your appointment.


This little nuthatch visited the feeder on my Kentucky farm during a heavy snow. As this little bird flits from branch to branch, capturing his image can be a challenge. But this watercolor is based on a photograph I managed to get as he paused and perched on the side of the pear tree where the bird feeder hangs.
This watercolor is framed and ready to hang.
This artwork is sold and shipped to you by Donna Daniels, and will be packaged in a cardboard box. Artworks are dispatched within 7 working days from United States.


text:
Cassas – Catholic Archdiocese of Accra
Catholic Archdiocese of Accra > Cassas > Cassas – Catholic Archdiocese of Accra
On: 31st August 2015
Categories: Cassas
SMA ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
ANCILLA CENTRE-HHCJ SISTERS
CATHOLIC ACTION FOR STREET CHILDREN- CAS
SALASIANS OF DON BOSCO
MISSIONARIES OF CHARITY
FMM SISTERS- CENTRE OF HOPE
LEPERS AID COMMITTEE
Members of the Society are those who, responding to the Lord's invitation to place their lives at the service of the Gospel, have pledged themselves by oath to the Society.Since missionary activity is entrusted to the whole Church, the Society invites clerics and lay people to share actively in its life and work as missionaries. The manner and the duration of their association and formation, as well as their rights and duties, are specified in particular statutes and agreements by each unit of the Society, with the approval of the Superior General and the consent of his Council. A simple life-style, close to the poor, sharing with them what we are and what we have, will help to make us a prophetic sign of a new world according to the Gospel. Truly missionary, our communities are attentive to the life of the churches and the people we serve.
Our living and working together help us to be more aware that we are at the service of a task which, despite our most generous commitment and most advanced techniques, transcends our human capabilities. Together we discover, in prayer and contemplation, the source and principal agent of all evangelization: the Holy Spirit. It is the same Holy Spirit who urges us to pray, to give witness to the Gospel and to serve those to whom we are sent.
PROGRAMS/MOTTO
Hope For Life: 'Disability is not inability'
Seeing the need to transform beggars into self-respecting, productive members of society, French Society of African Missions (SMA) priest Fr John Thebault began working with physically challenges people in the city of Accra in 1986.
ANCILLA WOMEN DEVELOPMENT AND REHABILITTION CENTRE
The Project is being initiated by the Sisters of the Handmaids of the Holy Child Jesus, Ghana Province in response to the needs expressed by women both Catholics and non-Catholics and by victims of sexual assault, who often turn to them for help. This is also a topic of concern for all, reported daily in the nation's media.
To guide women in attaining their full potential as individuals, and assist them in directing their talents towards building up both themselves and society in general.
To create in society an awareness of the effects of abuse on women and girls, thereby encouraging men to desist from their unwholesome acts and instead to contribute to the development of women as partners in nation building.
Women are given moral education to help in their spiritual transformation.
They are taught such income-generating skills as cooking, hairdressing, sewing, batik, tie-dye, marketing and entrepreneurial skills.
They are also taught family life education and domestic skills, community living and interpersonal relationship and literacy (including for their children).
Ancilla Women Development and Rehabilitation Center is located at Haatso- Agbogba near Top Herbal Clinic- Accra. LILIANE FONDS This is a Dutch organization founded by Mrs Liliane Brekelman in 1980. The organization caters for the rehabilitation needs of disabled children throughout the world. In each country there is a national Coordinating Office staffed by a National Coordinator. In Ghana one of the sisters of HHCJ is in charge.
LILIANE FONDS ACTIVITIES
Liliane fonds has voluntary mediators all over Ghana. These mediators help disabled children of up to 25 years of age in there own area. The mediators receive direction and assistance from the National Coordinating Office in Haatso, Accra.
Children are helped with education, vocational training, corrective surgery, mobility and income generating activities.
Catholic Action For Street Children – CAS
CAS MISSION
To assist "out of school" children, below the age of 18 years, who are in the streets and choose to be educated.
To create general awareness on the plight of out of school children among the general public.
CAS GOAL
To protect and improve the rights and lives of out of school children. The short-term goal is to help the children by returning their dignity to develop into respectful citizens of the society.
The long-term goal is to educate the children in such a manner that they can find suitable jobs or occupations to build up their future lives.
CAS STAFF
CAS has employed 33 workers who work in 5 departments namely: House of Refuge including an outreach program, Demonstration department, Short sponsorship Dep. Long sponsorship Dep. and Hopeland center at Adjei Kojo.
CAS AREA OF OPERATIONS
CAS works in collaboration with other NGOs, organizations and the Department of Social Welfare in the Greater Accra Region.
Tel: 00233- 277-552739
Email: casghana@gmail.com
Website: www.casghana.org
SDB are a religious Congregation of priests and brothers. It is spread throughout the world.
We are sent to the young people, especially to the poorest ones. We wish to contribute to their well-being and to save as many as possible. In addition, the Salesians Family has many more branches worldwide. Two well known ones are the Salesians Cooperators and Don Bosco Past Pupils.
Founder: St. John Bosco
A very wide spectrum of activities, a famous one being the Don Bosco Oratory.
A home that welcomes (Young people);
A school that educates (prepare for life);
A parish that evangelizes;
A playground where young can enjoy and make friends.
SALESIANS OF DON BOSCO IN GHANA
We came to Ghana in 1992- Sunyani; in 1996 – Ashaiman.
FIELD OF WORK IN GHANA
Street project (Don Bosco Boys Home in Sunyani; In Ashaiman FCP- First Contact Place and Dominic Savio Centre in Tema New Town)
Don Bosco Vocational Training Centre in Sunyani and Ashaiman.
Pastoral work- outstations, or parish work in Sunyani and Ashaiman.
Excluding Parish work, we help at least 700 children and young people annually.
EDUCATIONAL METHOD
A unique love for poor youngsters, many years of practical experience, deep spiritual life and a dialogue with other educators led Don Bosco to draw up an educational method which he called the "Preventive System".The system is based entirely on reason, religion and loving – kindness. Instead of restriction, it appeals to the resource of reason, love and the desire for God, which everyone has in the depth of his being.
SDB HAVE CREATED TWO NGO'S IN GHANA
Don Bosco Y.E.S. – to take care of children working in the streets and the Foster Youth Association (FYA)– to help Don Bosco graduates obtain self or other employment.
P.O. Box 293, Ashaiman- Tema; Tel 022-304430 or 301807
Started in the slums of Calcutta, India, by Mother Teresa, this Order serves the destitute, the abandoned, and the dying of all Castes and Religions. It survives on the Love of God, and by donations given by persons of all Faiths. Its Sisters reach out to the poorest of poor, taking old people as well as children onto their premises. There they tend to them with the Love of the Lord, bathing their wounds and helping those who are dying to die with dignity, surrounded by the Love of the Lord. A co-worker of Mother Teresa is one who sees the presence of God in every human being, and chooses to fully share in the real service of the poor using hands to serve and hearts to love.
The Missionaries of Charity in Ghana are in charge of an Orphanage at Ashaiman. They admit children of the age of 1 day to 3 years old. Many of the children are mentally retarded. Others are abandoned. When families are known, some children are reunited with them.
The sisters take care of dying people and persons living with AIDS. They run a Home for them.
Some girls from poor families receive training in sewing at a training center.
The sisters visit the families.
P.O. Box 11046, Tema
Franciscan Missionaries of Mary, the first Missionary Congregation for women, was formed by Mary of the Passion in 1877. The FMM came to Ghana in 1939. The Congregation's mission is to serve the poor. The Center of Hope was established in 1990 by the Archdiocese of Accra. The Center is dedicated to serving the needs of the vulnerable: the aged, the needy, the poor, youth, orphans, street children and persons with HIV/AIDS through the holistic, social-psychological, and spiritual approaches all utilized by the organization.
To provide an atmosphere that is conducive to prayer.
To provide the poor and the needy with a resource to help alleviate their sufferings via temporary accommodation, food, and first aid.
To work in collaboration with non-government organizations for those who may need assistance.
To act as a referral centre.
The staff consists of four sisters of the congregation of the Franciscans Missionaries of Mary, two full time social workers, two volunteers and a Franciscan priest. (Help Age has six volunteers who visit the "In doors").
Needy people from near and far visit the centre on a daily basis, and are assisted according to their need, be it food, medicine, school fees etc. Some are referred to other NGO's. A group of women come to the centre for self help projects. They make key holders, chains and beaded bracelets. We also do follow-up work with youth clubs.
A group of approximately 65 (Help Age) elderly come to the centre. They pray, read the Bible and share. The poor and needy among them receive medicine or food. Staff also visit the elderly at home (Indoors). Visits are made to Korle-Bu hospital (AIDS ward). Needy persons are assisted. Visits are also made to cured lepers at Mallam and Wejia. Medicine are provided. Every two weeks the Abossey-Okai Branch of Hope For Life meet at the centre. Members of Hope for Life and Center staff members visit the disabled in their homes.
MONTHLY/YEARLY
Once a month a meeting is held for people living with AIDS (PLWA).
Once a year an eye check is organized for the elderly.
Board Meetings are held 3 times a year.
Four time a year we train 25 JSS students from different schools as Peer Educators for the HIV/AIDS awareness program.
Fundraising activities are organized in various parishes.
Every November, Help Age group arrange a Mass in honour of its deceased members.
A Christmas party is organized for all Beneficiaries.
Centre of Hope. P.O. Box 134, Mamprobi, Accra, Telephone: 021-689909
The Lepers Aid Committee is an NGO founded by the SVD's in 1990, in pursuance of the call for Christian Charity. The 24 members who are actively involved in the activities of the Committee come from various parishes in Accra and Tema.
This group has made SPECIAL FRIENDS WITH THE CURED LEPERS IN GHANA, and has also resolved to help alleviate the plight of the marginalized persons in our society.
The core points for the Aims and Objectives of the Lepers Aid Committee are as follows:
To arouse public consciousness on behalf of Leprosy patients.
To carry out, through educational efforts, the prevention of leprosy and relieve the suffering of leprosy patients.
To help in any way possible the rehabilitation and integration of cured lepers back into society.
To collaborate with and assist governmental and non-governmental organizations in doing constructive work with leprosy patients.
The Lepers Aid Committee derives its finances from the following fund raising activities:
A Flag Day for cured lepers
A Christmas choral concert at golden tulip hotel
Sponsorship walks and other forms of sponsorship
Donations from societies and individuals
CHRISTIAN CHARITY IN PRACTICE
The funds realized are used to support the Cured Lepers in the following ways:
To supplement the Cured Lepers daily allowance of 12 Ghana Pesewas per cured patient per day.
To Meet cured patient' health care needs, such as eye and orthopedic surgeries.
To meet cured patients' medication needs.
To pay cured patients' funeral expenses.
To provide schooling for children
To provide maintenance and repair work for buildings in settlements.
To pay utility bills in settlements and homes.
INTEGRATION INTO SOCIETY
The Committee is making practical efforts to integrate the cured lepers into society through the following means:
Encouraging various societies to visit the cured patients.
Arranging for cured patients to visit our parishes to interact with the congregation during the celebration of World Leprosy Day, observed on the last Sunday in January.
Arranging for cured patients to visit places of interest in the Accra-Tema metro area.
Organizing Christmas Parties at various parishes, where cured patients can mingle with parishioners.
Last year the management of the Labadi Beach Hotel invited cured lepers for a Christmas dinner at the hotel.
C/O Good Shepherd Parish
P O Box BT 32
Tel No: 022-206393 Mobile: 024-3326643
Email: campbell@ghana.Com


Gardiner, ME and Seattle, WA - Blue Marble Geographics (www.bluemarblegeo.com) announced today that it has signed an agreement with 4MationGeo, Inc. to sell iSync Mobile 2.1, field data collection software for Windows CE and the Pocket PC. This field-proven product enables Blue Marble to provide its worldwide customer base with an easy-to-use, mobile solution for collecting spatial information.
"In the past, geographical information systems (GIS) were used almost exclusively by specialized users. However, as the market for GIS has broadened, a need for an easy-to-use, affordable field data collection solution has developed," said Patrick Cunningham, President of Blue Marble. "By adding iSync Mobile to our product suite, we are showing our commitment to offering innovative products that reflect the growing needs of our customers. "
iSync Mobile 2.1 is a mobile mapping software solution that allows users to collect GPS coordinates and associate relevant data with the coordinates on a hand held device. The software uses customizable data-entry forms with dropdown menus to help users enter data in a consistent format. A moving map display, which supports background imagery, makes it easy for the field worker to visualize their location. Data can be stored in XML or other industry-standard formats, allowing it to be integrated with other GIS software systems. Priced at $250 for a single copy, 4MationGeo's iSync Mobile 2.1 is available for sale through Blue Marble's website and reseller network.
4MationGeo, Inc. of Seattle, Washington is a software development and consulting firm that empowers businesses to manage location-based data in order to gain advantage in the marketplace. 4MationGeo serves a diverse base of customers who share a common goal: to enhance business practices through the use of spatial data.


text:
National Lands
Church Park
George Henry Church and his brother John had a substantial ranch in Jefferson Country, prior to Colorado Statehood. When the Timber and Stone Act of 1878 was passed, it permitted the purchase of land unfit for agriculture for $2.50 an acre. Thus the Church brothers obtained land in Middle Park for summer grazing. They would move their cattle into the Park by driving them over the Rollins Pass. The area they used is just west of the town of Fraser and became known as Church Park.
In 1910, the Church Ditch was created to divert water across the Continental Divide for irrigation. The remains of this early trans-mountain project can still be seen today at mile marker 241.5 on U.S. Highway 40.
R.C. Black, Island In The Rockies, Pruett Press, 1969
Grand County Exploration Guide, Grand County Pioneer Society, 2nd Edition, 1977.
Abbott Fay
Browse Subtopics
Regions Articles
The Three Lakes area encompasses the north-east corner of Grand County and is so named because of the three connected lakes of Grand Lake, Shadow Mountain Reservoir and Granby Reservoir.
The two reservoirs were formed as a part of the Colorado-Big Thompson Project, which takes water from Grand Lake on the western side of the Continental Divide to the Big Thompson River on the east. Shadow Mountain Reservoir and Granby Reservoir. connected by a unique pumping plant, assure that the Grand Lake water level remains consistent. Further reservoirs were added in the Three Lakes area, including the Willow Creek and Windy Gap Reservoirs.
Articles to Browse
Monarch & KaRose
Topic: Towns
Once upon a time on the land that lies beneath Lake Granby and Shadow Mountain Lake there were ranches, pastures and an almost forgotten town, Monarch. It is a story that goes back 100 years to the Summer of 1905, and the arrival of train service in Middle Park and promoters who were "honest men, but too visionary and lacking in experience", according to Frank H. Wolcott, a brother of one of the founders.
The Monarch Consolidated Gold and Copper Mining and Smelting Company owned the King and Queen copper mines on Arapahoe Range above the South Fork of the Colorado River. They felt their assays indicated ore worthy of a mill and arranged to haul in the heavy machinery and proceeded to build a town with cottages, a small hotel, stores, a bowling alley, theater and dance hall. By 1907 Monarch had a school and post office. However, records indicate only about $150 worth of copper per year was ever produced.
Soon the promoters realized a sawmill was needed to provide both timber and cash to support the mine operation. A dam was built creating Monarch Lake at the junction of Arapahoe Creek and the South Fork of the Colorado, and a canal was built to float logs cut near Strawberry Lake to Monarch Lake. A stern wheel steamer bunted rafts of logs into flumes and canals towards the sawmill downstream in Monarch.
In the spring of 1906, Monarch management obtained a charter to build the Rocky Mountain Railway, a standard gauge, for lumber and passengers, from the Moffat tracks in Granby to Grand Lake, with a spur over an unspecified pass to Walden, in North Park. The track was laid following the river from Granby to the sawmill, by Japanese and eastern European laborers. Ranchers along the route, excepting Fred and Frank Selak, quietly granted rights-of way. The only rolling stock owned by the railroad was a small, ancient locomotive and a caboose. The night before Thanksgiving 1906 the first train rolled into Monarch, and the rails never extended any farther. There was daily service, and local ranchers could flag a ride or have their packages dropped off. There were no cattle guards, so the fireman would step off the locomotive, open a ranch gate, and close the gate and hop back on after the train passed through.
During the winter of 1905-06 a box factory was started. It operated briefly before it was destroyed by fire in the fall of 1908. The fire forced the mill and railroad into receivership. Visitors, particularly former stockholders, helped themselves to equipment and entire buildings, but Monarch's core was preserved and developed by Harry L. Dierks of Kansas City into KaRose. This summer resort was named in honor of Dierks' daughter Katharine Rose. Other Monarch buildings went to neighboring dude ranches and the bowling alley went to Granby.
To hold the railroad right-of-way, Ernest Behr restored the locomotive in 1912 to carry parties of fishermen along the river from one pool to another. Ed McDonald, a dude rancher, ran a Cadillac touring car on flanged wheels on the rails to carry mail, supplies, and passengers to the valley ranches. Just before World War I the engine and rails were sold for scrap.
Frank H. Wolcott wrote, "In September 1954 my wife and I drove over the site to discover any signs of Monarch or the railroad...It gave us a queer feeling to realize that substantial things like railroads and buildings that we helped build have vanished. Was it all a dream?"
Jacob Pettingell - An interview from 1931
Topic: Voices of Middle Park
Transcribed by Dan Nolan
In 1880, Jacob Pettingell moved to Grand County at the age of 20. He spent the rest of his life here serving as postmaster, notary public, insurance agent, abstracter, legal counsel, justice of the peace and county clerk. The following is part of an interview conducted by his son-in-law Victor Frey in 1931.
Company of soldiers
"When I came here, there was a company of U.S. soldiers camped at the old Barney Day ranch; this ranch is a few miles below Parshall, Colo. I think they left that fall. The Meeker Indian Massacre was in '79 and these soldiers were sent here in anticipation of further trouble. In addition, the government sent Springfield rifles to all settlers with ammunition. We were curious about these new guns and went up on the hill to try them out; before we realized it, we had used up about all the ammunition. At this time some of the Utes came to Sulphur and vicinity to hunt and fish, and to trade.
Both fish and game were very plentiful in the early '80s. On account of severe weather, the settlers usually laid in their winter's supply of grub early in the fall. At this time they would take several loads of game out to Empire and Georgetown, trading same for grub and provisions. C. H. Hook, who ran the stage, would pay 25 cents per pound for fish, taking it out to market and selling it for 50 cents per pound. Some persons made as high as $15 per day by fishing. There were no state game laws then.
Town of Kremmling
Around 1880 or 1881, there was one little store and a building or two, located across the River (Muddy Cr.). This store belonged to a man named Kremmling. About 1891, John Kinsey laid out the town of Kinsey City. Later, Kremmling moved his store and post office across the river to this townsite and the name was changed to Kremmling, Colo. There were some ranches in this locality and some of the ranchers names were Bill Kindell, Tracey Tyler, Jim Hetherley, and Dr. Hillery Harris.
There was only about one ranch here owned by Joe Coberley. There was, of course, no town of Parshall.
Town of Grand Lake
Old man Wescott lived here; a family by name of John Shafer and Ike Burton. Hot Sulphur Springs had been the county seat and headquarters for supplies for all the mines up Bowen Gulch. Grand County included all of Jackson County at that time. About 1881, when the mining boom commenced up Bowen Gulch where the towns of Lulu, Gaskill and Teller City sprang up, they decided to move the county seat to Grand Lake since this was much closer. The county seat remained there until 1888 when it was moved back to Hot Sulphur Springs. The old town of Gaskill was located at the mouth of Bowen Gulch; Lulu was about three miles above Squeaky Bob's ranch, now the Phantom Valley Ranch; while Teller City was on the other side of the ridge in North Park.
Sandy Campbell and Jim Bowen were the first prospectors. The price of silver was high, and most of these mines were for silver. These mining towns sprang up around 1880-81. I originally came west to spend about three months in Middle Park, hunting and fishing, but when the mining boom struck this locality, I became interested. I grubstaked two men; later I took up a claim above the old Wolverine mine for silver and mined for 7 or 8 years. It was a paying proposition while silver was up in price but on account of the long freight haul and drop in price, the mine was later abandoned. Estimated population during boom days: Gaskill 150; Lulu 200; Teller City from 1,200 to 1,500. It was claimed that Teller City had 27 saloons. My personal recollections are that they might have had as many as 20 at one time.
The Famous Foot Race
About once a month, the miners would all come down to Grand Lake for celebrations. There is no use to say that considerable liquor was disposed of. During the winter of 1882 a man named Sharp had been working at the Wolverine mine; he had beat them all at foot racing early that spring when the snow went off; these miners thought they had a world beater at foot racing. While down at Grand Lake on a monthly celebration, they were all bragging about this man Sharp. At this time Harley McCoy was living at Grand Lake and he spoke up and said he had a man named Montgomery who could beat Sharp in a foot race. Sharp went into training at Gaskill; Montgomery at Grand Lake. Bets were originally around $100 and increased to nearly $8,000 on this proposed foot race. The race was pulled off July 4 on the main street of Teller City. Montgomery won the race by about 7 feet and Sharp kept right on running to the end of Main Street, then out into the timber. There was a horse tied there for him and a man waiting to divide up the swag—Sharp was never seen again. The gang at the Wolverine mine took their defeat like good sports, the other bunch paying for all they could eat and drink for a number of days.
The Mock Trial
Usually there was quite a bit of fun and excitement during the mining boom, but once in a while the boys would get a little lonesome on Sundays. This was one of those particular Sundays when they craved a little excitement. There was a tourist and his party who had come in from around Boulder to fish and hunt. The boys confided in the judge and they arrested this man by an old location certificate and he was charged with horse stealing (a pretty serious offense in those days).
They held open court and the house was packed, not only with local people, but about 20 tourists were present. The defense attorney spent much of his time describing the wonderful scenery around Grand Lake and Colorado in general. The prosecuting attorney prosecuted hard and produced a witness who claimed he actually recognized the accused man and stated there was no doubt but what he was the guilty party. About the time the jury was to have the case, it was framed that I should commence a heated argument across the room with Gil Martin. When I jumped up and called Martin a liar, he opened fire with blank cartridges across the room: I commenced returning the fire. There was a great commotion, people actually jumping out thru the windows and a wild scramble thru the doors. The frightened defendant escaped into the timber. It rained all that afternoon. We later succeeded in convincing his partner that it was a joke, so he finally brought the defendant in that night, dripping wet and still badly frightened. They all pulled out of Grand Lake before morning.
First Courthouse
This was a small frame building about 12' x 14', one room. It has been moved and is now one of the cabins belonging to the Corner Cupboard. The Commissioners then let a contract to Tom Johnston to build a new court house with jail behind, as quickly as possible. There was a sawmill at Grand Lake and plenty of lumber. Johnston put on a large crew; they started in one morning; the next day they moved into the new court house building. Johnston put up this building in a little over one day, sufficiently for them to move in and use it. This building is now John Zick's restaurant building.
The commissioners were Barney Day, Webber and Mills, an attorney from Teller City. The sheriff was Chas. Royer and under-sheriff Bill Redman. Cap Dean was the clerk pro-tem. Mills and Webber had been close friends but had a falling out over the Republican State Convention the year before and since then had become bitter enemies. It is reported that there had been differences between Barney Day and the sheriff and under-sheriff.
The commissioners met at Grand Lake on July 3, 1883; they all agreed to adjourn until July 4 because Mills had an important case in court that day. Mills went to court but Day and Webber went to the Nickerson House and held a commissioners meeting there. At this meeting they raised the amount of bonds for county officers, making same so high they knew none could comply. As I recall, the sheriff's bond was around $50,000. This caused the sheriff and under-sheriff to throw in with Mills. The next day was Fourth of July and many people were shooting out into the lake, there being considerable noise. Cap Dean, Barney Day and Webber left the Young Hotel (where I was also stopping) and started down town. No one knew just what did happen or who fired the first shot. There were some extra shots in that direction: someone thought they saw a man fall to the ground; we all ran down to the spot which was about 500 yards from the Young Hotel.
Mills was lying in the road; Barney Day part way in the water; both Dean and Webber had been carried into the hotel. Day and Mills died instantly, while Webber lived until around 2 A.M. the next morning. I sat by his bedside. Cap Dean lived 4 or 5 days although he was shot to pieces. I sat beside Dean's bed and asked him who did the shooting and he replied that he did not care to say. Later, he described one tall man with a handkerchief over his face who attacked him and it fit the description of Bill Redman. It was thought that Mills opened up the attack by firing his rifle. The sheriff and undersheriff both escaped. They first came to Sulphur and tried to organize a posse but the people seemed to mistrust them and they left the country. Later, Chas. Royer, the sheriff, committed suicide. Bill Redman had been a great pal of Royer's and when he picked up a paper reading about Royer, he also committed suicide. Therefore, this cost the lives of 6 men.
Firsts in Grand County:
The First Newspaper
The Middle Park Times was founded in 1881 at Grand Lake by John Smart and George Bailey. They called it the Grand Lake Prospector. It was moved to Sulphur in 1889 and called the Grand County Prospector. One day, in 1890, I walked into the newspaper office and was talking to Willard Minor, then running the paper. I told him that I thought Grand County Prospector was a h-l of a name for a county newspaper and suggested they change this name to "Middle Park Times." They took this action and the paper has been known by this name from then on. About 1897, I bought out this paper and edited it for three years.
The First Auto
It was a Thomas Flyer driven from Denver to the Grand Hotel at Sulphur by Harold Brinker, who later on became a famous race driver. This was in 1905. It caused no end of excitement in our small town. Brinker kindly took several of the young people for a ride out to the old horse race track. My daughter, now Mrs. V. H. Frey, was one of the persons and she often mentions the thrill that first auto ride gave her. The car was driven in over the old Berthoud Pass road.
The First Train
In the fall of 1905 the tracks were laid as far as Hot Sulphur Springs and at this time the first train came in two sections; there were about 1,000 people with a band. The community gave a barbecue and fish fry.
The Grand Hotel
This was contracted for by my friend Mr. Chapin and myself, and finished in the year 1905. I ran same for a number of years. The first Forest Service office was located in this building and J. C. Stahl was the Supervisor. Later the forest office was moved to Fraser; it was there a short time, then moved back to Hot Sulphur Springs.
From May 10, 1880 to the present time, February 7, 1931 I have watched the following towns spring up in Grand County: West Portal, Fraser, Tabernash, Granby, Grand Lake, Parshall, and Kremmling. The Williams Fork locality has also settled up. The old mining towns of Gaskill, Lulu and Teller City came, and then died away. Ranches have developed over most of the county. Stock raising, both sheep and cattle, has become a fixed industry. The county, during this time, has shipped out an enormous amount of timber. Like elsewhere, the auto has developed rapidly and we have many miles of splendid mountain pass roads. There is an abundance of fish and game, although not so plentiful as the early days. Every town in Grand County is growing slowly but surely, with the possible exception of one railroad town. Grand County is well off financially and it has the very brightest prospects for future prosperity.
Onahu Creek
Topic: Water
Onahu Creek was called Fish Creek and is a tributary of the North Fork of the Colorado River. The name refers to one of the Indian race horses who came up to a campfire to warm himself, and the name means "warms himself". The horse ultimately died on Fish Creek and gave his name to the waterway.
Topic: National Lands
In 1915, thanks to the efforts of visionary Enos Mills, Rocky Mountain National Park became the 10th national park. The concept was then, and still is, conservation of natural lands and wildlife. No commercial enterprises which consume resources operate within its boundaries--no logging, grazing, farming, mining, hunting or trapping.
Almost all private property in-holdings have been bought by the National Park Service and the buildings destroyed. Located within park boundaries, Longs Peak, at an altitude of 14,256 feet, named for explorer Stephen Long, is visible from both sides of the Continental Divide. Indeed, one can look northwest along 17th Street in Denver, to see one of the area's best known peaks.
Trail Ridge Road, which runs through the park, was completed in 1932 and is the highest continuous highway in the United States. It is open only in the summer. Dignitaries from the towns of Estes Park and Grand Lake celebrate the opening each year, often but not always by Memorial Day, with a ceremony at the top called "Hands Across the Nation."
The town of Winter Park was first settled in 1923 and incorporated in 1978. It came into existence as a construction camp during the building of the Moffat Tunnel. The west portal is located here, hence the original name of West Portal.
As early as 1929 hearty winter sports enthusiasts were getting off the regularly scheduled trains there to ski the trails that were being developed. Regular weekend service on a special ski train began in January 1938. That same year, the U.S. Forest Service gave permission to the City and County of Denver to develop land near West Portal for winter sports, constructing ski-tows and trails. Winter Park ski area was formally opened in 1940.
With the consent of postal authorities, West Portal's name was changed to Winter Park to publicize the ski area. Benjamin F. Stapleton, the mayor of Denver at the time, championed the cause of the name change to help publicize the winter sports of the area. The town has now grown into a classic resort town and the ski area management has been recently turned over to the Intrawest Corporation by the City and County of Denver.
Place Names of Grand County
Topic: Places
Because Grand County has such a rich history, many names reflect that important heritage. Traveling East to West from town-to-town, here are a few historical tidbits to think about.
Winter Park came into being around 1923. Several names to identify the place were used over the years, including West Portal, Hideaway Park, Vasquez, Woodstock, and even "Little Chicago" because of gambling and other activities. The City of Denver bought land in 1939. Winter Park officially opened in 1940. According to "Colorado Place Names" by George R. Eichler, with the assistance of Denver Mayor, Benjamin F. Stapleton, the town changed its name to "Winter Park" to publicize the establishment of the city's winter sports centers.
Iron Horse Resort and Zephyr Mountain Lodge reflect the importance of the railroad in the development of Grand County. Newer condominiums also reflect the heritage of the area. Sawmill Station, Teller City and more recently, Telemark, are a few examples. "Telemark is named after the traditional method of skiing," said a Telemark Townhomes representative. Red Quill townhomes, according to broker and owner Mike Ray of Century 21 Real Estate in Winter Park, are named after President Eisenhower's favorite fishing fly lure. "He found the Red Quill pattern particularly effective on St. Louis Creek while visiting and fishing with Axel Neilsen at the Byers Peak Ranch." Van Anderson Drive, according to Jan Smith, a Realtor at Century 21 of Winter Park and longtime local, is named after the first mayor of Winter Park. He developed the Hideaway Village, including the condos, Filings 1 and 2 and Hideaway Village South.
Vasquez Road, according to well-known historian, Abbott Fay, is named after Louis Vasquez, an early fur trader. Woodspur and even Woodstock, one of the early names attributed to the town of Winter Park, referred to Billy Wood's lumber mill which furnished Rollins Pass railroad ties.
Fraser was originally spelled "Frazier" for Reuben Frazier, an early Grand County Settler. Postal authorities adopted the simpler spelling when the post office was established. Doc Susie Avenue is named for Susan Anderson, M.D. "Doc Susie," a pioneer physician who came to the area in 1907. She served the citizens of Grand County faithfully until she died in Fraser at the age of 90. Fraser's Eastom Avenue is named after George Eastom, who founded the town. The Eastom family from Ohio built an important lumber mill. Mill Avenue also reflects those early lumber days. Eisenhower Drive is named after President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who enjoyed visiting the area especially for fishing. Ptarmigan is a grouse with feathered feet particularly found in the cold, mountainous regions. And, for Wapiti Drive/Lane, Wapiti is an elk. Zerex Street, according to Susan Stone of the Fraser Visitor Center, is named after the antifreeze product which was tested at "the Icebox of the Nation."
Tabernash is on the homestead of 1882 pioneer Edward J. Vulgamott. By 1905, the enclave came into existence because of its location during the building of the Denver & Salt Lake Railroad. E.A. Meredith, chief engineer, named the town after the Ute Native American called Tabernash who was killed earlier by a white man named "Big Frank." Junction Ranch, built by Quincy Adams Rollins, according to noted historian Abbott Fay, was an important stop on the Idlewild Stage line which could accommodate up to 50 travelers.
Granby was founded in 1905, named after attorney Granby Hillyer, who assisted David Moffat and Frontier Land and Investment Company with the incorporation. Granby landmark, Kaibab Park was donated by the Kaibab Company. According to former local postmistress Carole Clark, during the 1940s, Broderick Wood Products Company had a large sawmill with housing for their workers where the current ball fields are now located. Selak Drive is named after the Selak family, who ran a large Granby Merchantile. Before Granby, the Selak post office and general store provided service from June 1883 to September 1893 on the nearby Selak Ranch.
Ouray Ranch, a residential community located off US. Highway 34, was the original home of the YMCA Camp Chief Ouray until the early 1980s when the YMCA sold the land and relocated to Snow Mountain Ranch outside of Granby on US Highway 40. Chief of the Ute Indians, Ouray was born in Colorado in 1820. He was noted for his friendship with the white settlers.
Grand Lake was established by hardy pioneers in 1879. Joseph L. Wescott, was the first white settler-prospector. Grand Lake was founded as a mining settlement by the Grand Lake Town & Improvement Company. As the mines played out, tourism and focus on Grand Lake, Colorado's largest natural body of water, took center stage. Cairns Avenue, according to Jane Kemp, granddaughter of James Cairns, is named for him. In 1881, he ran a general store. He extended credit for supplies to many of the miners who left town without paying him. With unpaid bills and depleted stock, Cairns then homesteaded a ranch to sell hay to freighters for their horses. He trapped bears for their shaggy skins to sell. All the while he kept his store open. A mountain peak bears his name, also.
Columbine Lake is named after the Colorado State Flower. Kinnikinnick is a Native American term used to describe mixtures of Indian tobacco. West Portal Road leads to the west portal of the Alva B. Adams Tunnel, which since 1947 delivers Grand County-Western Slope water to farmers on the Front Range as part of the Colorado-Big Thompson Project.
Hot Sulphur Springs, established in 1860 is named for the famous hot springs in the area. (Colorado Place Names) Ute and Arapaho tribes used the hot springs for their "healing waters." Byers Avenue is named after William N. Byers, founder of the Denver Rocky Mountain News. He wanted to create a spa resort modeled after Saratoga in New York.
Moffat Avenue-Several streets in Grand County are named after David Moffat, the pioneer railroading legend, who started the Moffat tunnel and brought predictable rail service to Grand County with his "true-grit" determination.
Parshall, according to Colorado Place Names, was established in 1907 when a Mr. Dow set up a small store and circulated a petition for a post office. The name "Parshall" honored a local pioneer. Postal authorities accepted it as no other post office had that name in the entire county.
Kremmling established in 1881 according to Colorado Place Names, the town's beginning was a general merchandise store run by Kare Kremmling, (The Chamber of Commerce web site says Mr. Kremmling was named Rudolph and the town was established in 1884) located on a ranch on the north bank of the Muddy River. When Aaron and John Kinsey platted their ranch and called the site Kinsey City, Kremmling moved his store across the river to a new site which soon became known as "Kremmling."
Radium had a post office as early as 1906. Harry S. Porter, a prospector and miner, suggested the name because of the radium content in a mine he owned near the town. The community was settled by Tim Mugrage and his family.
Rundell & French - Two families of the Sheephorn
Topic: Early Families
Here we have a story of two families, who became intertwined in a far away place where there weren't too many people. In fact, there was only a handful. Three young fellows, the Rundell boys, came from Wisconsin about 1880, to settle on the Sheephorn, an area in the very southwest corner of Grand County.
Al, the oldest brother, chose land on the Upper Sheephorn. While he was at it, he established a much-needed ferry across the Grand River at today's Rancho Del Rio. His brother Clarence homesteaded land on the same stream some two miles above the Midland Trail, known to us as the Trough Road. The only home he could afford for a couple of years was a dugout under the creek bank. That tended to be damp and dingy, but Clarence hung in. Finally he was able to build a cabin uphill from the stream. Newspapers used as insulation on his cabin walls show the year to be 1882. Clarence was pleased with his house. "Now I feel I've really put down roots and am here to stay!" he exclaimed.
Their young brother, Ernest, was frail, for he had suffered all his life from lung trouble. Still, he loved working with Clarence. One summer, they were digging a water ditch near Azure, on the Grand, above Radium; Ernest caught pneumonia and died. The poor boy was only about sixteen. Clarence never got over his brother's death and he gave land for a cemetery, where he buried Ernest, the first person there.
The second family were the Rundell boys' neighbors, Charlie French and his older brother, Harry, Jr. who had "hit town" from Iowa just about the same time. Harry homesteaded upstream from Clarence and anticipated ranching. By and by, though, Harry remarked to Charlie, "I've discovered I'm not much of a hand at ranching and besides, my land isn't very fertile. I think I'll sell it and become a U.S. Forest Ranger instead. If they'll have me." He easily passed the test and soon transferred to the little community of Azure.
Now, Charlie French was a wonderful musician, a whiz at playing the fiddle. He missed making music with their sister Phoebe. "You know, Harry," he said one day. "I'd really like Phoebe to come out and see this country. I'm sure she'd like it. And besides, we could play together again."
He urged her several times to come visit. At last she agreed, traveling by train to Leadville, then to Wolcott. About then, Charlie started to worry. "Phoebe's only 18," he thought, "and she's such a lady. Is it proper to expect her to ride sidesaddle all the way in from Wolcott?" He stopped by to see Clarence Rundell. "Clarence, do you suppose you could take your buggy to Wolcott and pick up our Phoebe?" He explained the circumstances. "Why, I'd be delighted," answered his friend.
It was a happy development. At the station Clarence saw a lovely young woman, tall and slender, obviously well-educated. He soon found she had a beautiful soprano voice and was an accomplished musician who could play both piano and organ. He took to Phoebe right away, and she, to him. It wasn't long before the two decided to marry.
Now the French boys' parents, Harry, Sr. and Mary, sold their Iowa farm about now and homesteaded at Azure, to be near their boys, even though Charlie left the country soon after. Here the old folks remained for many years. They also had some land up the Little Sheephorn, which they gave Phoebe as a dowry, when Clarence and Phoebe decided to wed. Shortly after, the happy young couple married and made the little cabin their home.
Their three children were born here, Ernest, named after the brother who died, Marie, and Helen. Clarence worked very hard, ranching in the summer and cutting logs in the winter. The young folks were thrifty. In 1908, Clarence sold his homestead to a Swiss newcomer and bought land above his original site. By 1912, Clarence and Phoebe built a fine three-story house, complete with beautiful hardwood floors. It was wonderful place to raise the children. "This will surely be our home forever!"
Harry French, Sr., died in 1924. "Mother," invited Phoebe, "move in with us, since you're alone now." Mary did this, but then she returned to Iowa to stay with her sister, until her death. The French name continues on, however, for there are two French Creeks in the Sheephorn area.
Finally, the Rundells decided to buy a home in north Denver and to invest in an apartment house. All went well until 1928, when everything fell apart at the beginning of the Depression. Clarence lost nearly everything. "Let's go back to the ranch, Phoebe," he said. "I still have my 300-400 head of cattle; I know ranching and love it. Let's go." Thus they left city life and returned to their ranching roots.
Train Legends of the Moffat Road
Topic: Railroads
Article contributed by Abbott Fay
The railroaders graded and bridged the trails originally made by the Indians and expanded by the trappers, prospector and stage road builders that following in rapid succession. The
Moffat Road
train track has an almost endless series of wreck stories and legends. In one, a "green clerk" was said to have piled all the mail order catalogs on the same side of a car, causing the train to leave the tracks and roll down the mountainside into Yankee Doodle Lake.
In another lost train story, the No. 3 westbound was seven hours late out of Denver because of a severe winter blizzard. It crept out of the Fraser Canyon and whistled for the Granby Crossing. The engineer parked the train intending to wait till daylight to continue on. In the meantime, the No. 2 eastbound, 2 days late out of Craig reached Corona without passing the No. 3. In the morning, all were amazed to find the train parked "plumb center" of Granby's main street. Later investigation showed that the No. 3 train left the train tracks just east of Granby and traveled almost a mile over frozen highway. The next day a Chinook wind came up and melted the frozen soil, sinking the train to it's axles in mud. It required the building of 1500 feet of special track to salvage the train. However, some longtime Granby residents say the locale of this incident was the Kremmling flats.
Sources: Roland L. Ives, Folklore of Middle Park Colorado,Journal of American Folklore, Vol. XXXIV, Nos. 211, 212, 1941; Levette J. Davidson & Forrester Blake, Rocky Mountain Tales, University of Oklahoma Press, 1947
One of the oldest brands in Colorado still in use by the same family is the Bar Double S brand of the Sheriff Ranch near Hot Sulphur Springs. The current owners of the ranch are John Brice and Ida Sheriff. In 1863, Matthew Sheriff of Keithsburg, Illinois came to Colorado to search for gold in the California Gulch, near where Leadville would be established. Mathew was dismayed by the gray mineral which consistently clogged the gold sluice, and gave up on his dreams of instant wealth to return to Illinois.
Many other miners also gave up mining for this reason, never realizing that the gray mineral was carbonite of lead, which was rich in silver. Mathew died in 1863 at the age of 40, leaving behind his wife Marietta and their 3 surviving sons, Burt, Glenn and Mark. In 1878, Marietta was inspired to return to Colorado in search of security and stability for her family. She spent some time in Leadville running a boarding house. Her sister was the wife of William Byers who was developing the Hot Sulphur Springs area so Marietta moved to the area to settle with her sons. In 1882 the family homesteaded three ranches of 160 acres each, proving them up and added a preemption right to another 160 acres.
Bert later moved to Denver and established a livery stable and Mark and his mother moved into Hot Sulphur Springs, while Glenn continued to work the ranch. Glenn married Alice Cleora Smith in 1886 and they had two surviving sons, Brice and Glenn Jr. Glenn Jr. was only 6 weeks old when his father died at the age of 33 of "brain fever" or diphtheria. Alice took the children back to her family in Iowa to raise them, but the boys returned to their Colorado ranch in 1910. Brice, who suffered from a back injury as a child, bought an abstract business in Hot Sulphur Springs and lived there with his mother for the rest of their lives.
Glenn Jr. continued to expand and develop the ranch and married Adaline Morgan in 1923. They had four children; Nona, John, Robert and Catherine. Glenn Jr. served Grand County as a Commissioner for 24 years and also as the County Assessor for 4 years. Glenn Jr.s, son John, took over the ranch and married Ida Marte in 1949. Ida's family had homesteaded their own ranch near Cottonwood Pass. They have two children and continue to work the ranch to this day.
Mountain Names
Topic: Mountains
While the origin of the names of many mountains in Grand County has been lost to history, we do know the source of many of the more notable mountains. The name originations of some mountains of Grand County are as follows: Adams Peak – Named for either Jay E. Adams who owned a cottage in Grand Lake or Alexander and Louise Adams, original owners of the Grand Lake Lodge.
Mount Alice – 13,110 ft. – Named in 1911 by request of geologist Dr. William S. Cooper. Who "Alice" was, was not explained. Arapaho Peak – Named for the Arapaho Indian tribe who frequented Grand County during hunting season. Arikaree Peak – Named for the Arikaree Indian tribe by James Grafton Rogers in 1955. Baker Mountain – Named for John Baker from Indiana, a well known prospector and hunter of the 1850's and 1860's.
Bills Peak – Named after an early settler in the area whose last name was not known. Bottle Mountain – Named for the bottle shape of the mountain, three miles north of Byers Peak. Byers Peak – 12,790 ft. – Named for William N. Byers, publisher and editor of the Rocky Mountain News and early promoter of Hot Sulphur Springs. Mountain Cairns – 10,800 ft. – Named for James Cairns, first storekeeper at Grand Lake. West Carter Peak and North Carter Peak– Believed to have been named for a member of the original U.S. Geological Survey team. Cascade Mountain – Also known as Loder Mountain, popularly named for cascading stream.
The Cleaver – Believed named by early settlers for location between two other peaks. Coal Mountain – Named for visible coal seam. Mount Cumulus – 12,725 ft. – Named for cloud formation resemblance. One of three "cloud" peaks. Diamond Mountain – Named for rumors of diamonds found there or its shape. Located four miles East of Muddy Pass. Mount Epworth – Believed named for a Methodist youth group founded in 1889. Located east of Rollins Pass.
Fairview Mountain – Named for scenic view. Located ½ mile south of Parika Peak. Mount Flora – Named for fields of flowers on mountain. Mount George – 12,876 – Named for Dr. R.D. George, a geologist. Its north spur is Lone Eagle Peak. Green Mountain – Named for the green trees covering the mountain. Grouse Mountain – Named for the grouse that inhabit the area. Hallett Park – 12,713 – Named for William H. Hallett who lived from 1851 to 1947. The mountain was named in 1887.
Howard Mountain – Named for John Howard, a prospector. The mountain was named in 1880. Mount Irving Hale – Named for Brigadier General Hale who lead Colorado troops in the Philippines during the Spanish American War. Hale was a member of the first graduating class at Denver High School and won an appointment to West Point. Camp Hale, near Leadville, was a training site for World War II ski troops and was also named for him.
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