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Oak Tree Lodge 9408 – Surrey Masons
Become a Freemason in Surrey
Welcome to Oak Tree Lodge
Lodge History
Past Masters
Charity and Fundraising
About Freemasonry
Freemasonry Videos
Attendance And Dining
A Masonic Lodge In Surrey
With grateful thanks to Tarry Barriball who sadly passed to the Grand Lodge Above in August 2021, one of the original three founders of Oak Tree Lodge. Below is a short history of why and how Oak Tree became a Masonic Lodge in Surrey.
We talk about why it was founded and how we came to use the rituals that we do. Our installation ritual is unique in Surrey, if not the whole of England.
Back Row (Left to Right): W.Bro Dan Andrews; W.Bro Graham Angove; Bro John Switzer, W.Bro Tarry Barriball; W.Bro Richard Clifton; W.Bro Donovan Smith.
Centre Row (Left to Right): W.Bro John Lowery; W.Bro Ron Waters; Bro John A Armstrong-Forbes: Bro James Webb; W.Bro Gerry Gleeson; W.Bro Maj. Charles Bendall; W.Bro Donald Smith.
Front Row (Left to Right): Bro. Gerald Phillips; W.Bro David Jelley; R.W. Prov. G.M. The Earl of Shannon; W.Bro Ron Smith; Bro Colin Reynolds.
Those underlined are still regular attendees and holders of positions in Oak Tree Lodge.
In the course of his Policing duties whilst stationed at Knaphill, Tarry came across many local residents. In meeting these members of the public, it soon became apparent that many were Freemasons or had connections with Freemasonry.
It was also apparent that many of them were travelling many miles to attend their Lodge. Some traveled as far as; Hertfordshire, Sussex, Essex, and Hampshire as well as across Surrey itself.
Tarry asked some of these people whether they would be interested in forming a Masonic Lodge in Surrey. One which would meet more locally and hence be within easy travelling distance of their home.
The vast majority said, without question, that they would be interested in Founding such a Lodge.
During this time, Tarry would often get together with two other Brethren from his Mother Lodge, St Andrews No: 1046 at Farnham. They would sit in his front room in Knaphill and discuss Masonry, Ritual, and various other topics over the usual glass or two of Malt Whiskey.
One evening in 1986/7 the three of them got around to discussing the prospect of founding a Masonic Lodge in Surrey for local Masons. In one accord, after hearing about the potential numbers of interested Freemasons in Knaphill and immediate areas, it was decided to pursue the matter further.
The three men decided to contact those that had expressed interest by letter and over 100 people were contacted. The letter set out what the expected obligations would be to become a Founder member of such a Lodge.
The initial response was very positive and a provisional list of some thirty-five or so names expressing great interest was created. In the end, twenty or so were prepared to follow through. Gradually the money started coming in showing the support needed.
Planning the Workings
The three principle movers; Bro. Tarry Barriball, W.Bro. Gerry Gleeson and W.Bro. Dave Jelley visited many other Lodges all over the South of England as guests of members of the various Lodges.
The three of them took careful note of the way the "Floor Work" was done and the ritual that was used by the various Lodges. In particular, they were interested in workings which they felt were unique to any Lodge.
Gradually the three put together the shell of the way they would like to see the work and ritual performed. All three were familiar with the traditional Working of Emulation. However, they felt that this ritual was too rigid and did not allow the kind of working that they wanted to see.
They wanted to form a Masonic Lodge in Surrey that was totally different and unique in the concept of Freemasonry and thus make it more interesting and hopefully attract more members and visitors.
At this point, four other definite Founders were confirmed, making a total of Seven who had committed to helping get the New Lodge "Off the Ground".
Origins of the Ritual
One of these new four was W.Bro Major Charles Bendall. He had been in Freemasonry in his military service years with Perak Jubilee Lodge and they worked a totally different ritual which was not Emulation. Their ritual allowed improvisation and freedom to work both the floor and ritual as the members saw fit.
He gave the Ritual to Bro. Tarry Barriball to read and generally consider as being the preferred Ritual for the "New Lodge". Having read and then discussed the Ritual at length with the rest of the proposed Founding Brethren it was agreed that this would be the ritual adopted for the "New Lodge".
The Ritual was known as "The Old Revised Ritual" which, as far as could be proved, was worked nowhere else within the County of Surrey and possibly within the UK.
The reason that the Revised Ritual was chosen was that it gave more latitude and freedom in the way the Lodge workings, including the floor work, were done.
This is unlike the Emulation ritual which is fairly rigid with the working all set out in Red Type. The Provincial Grand Secretary and Deputy Grand Master of the Day made it clear that there could be and should be no deviation from the workings as set out in Emulation.
Why The Revised Ritual? – part 1
The Revised Ritual enabled Oak Tree to have more freedom in the floor working of the Ritual. The idea was that we could interpret the actual wording of the Ritual into the Floor Workings.
For example; consider the Lighting of the Candles during the Opening Ode. The Master's Duty is to
"Represent the Rising Sun to Enlighten the Day, so the W.M is placed in the East to Open his Lodge and Employ and Instruct the Brethren in Freemasonry."
The Master should be the First to Light his candle in opening the Lodge. It should not be alight when you enter the Lodge.
The taper is then passed to the S.D. whose duties are to
"Bear all Messages and Commands of the Worshipful Master to the Senior Warden and await the return of the Junior Deacon."
The S.W. then lights his Candle and the taper is passed to the J.D. whose duties are to
"Carry all Messages and Communications from the S.W. to the J.W. and to see that same are promptly obeyed."
He then hands the taper to the J.W. who lights his candle and then returns the taper to the J.D. who then takes it back to the right of the S.W. and hands it via the S.W. to the S.D.
They then both square the Lodge back to their places in the Lodge and the taper is blown out and placed at the side of the S.D.
Emulation would not allow this sort of floor working to be done.
It is also the same during all the Responses and Instructions. The I.G. actually sees that the Lodge is properly Tyled by Opening the Lodge Door. He visually checks that the Tyler is outside the door of the Lodge and so forth.
If you follow the revised Ritual through the ceremony you will find that the original intention of the Founders was to reflect the wording of the Ritual into the actual Working of the Lodge. Hence the reason that so much of the master's working is done on the Floor of the Lodge rather than from standing behind the pedestal.
Emulation Ritual would not allow this sort of Freedom and we didn't want to be just another Emulation Lodge.
Changes to the Ritual
The Founders were all for using the Revised Ritual which, they felt, was far more interesting and had much more content than Emulation, and for a while all the meetings of the Lodge were worked to the Revised Ritual.
There were, however, a couple of Founders who were going to be taking the chair who were members of other Masonic Lodges in Surrey and had always performed Emulation. They were unable to get their heads around the Revised Ritual and wording.
A vote was taken of the members and it was agreed to change the Ritual to Emulation. However, to keep some of the traditions of the Founders, it was agreed that the Installation would always be worked in the Revised Ritual – so Oak Tree still is the only Masonic Lodge in Surrey that uses, and installs its Masters, by the Revised Ritual.
If you'd like to attend an installation (in mid-October every year), do get in touch.
A Masonic Lodge Jewel
The Lodge Jewel was designed by a young lady that was studying art and design at Bournemouth College. Tarry was teaching her to drive at the time and asked her if she could come up with a design for the Lodge Jewel.
She was given the name of the Lodge as Oak Tree and she took it from there.
If you study the jewel closely you will find that it forms the numbers included in the Ritual. Three can Open a Lodge, Five can Hold a Lodge and Seven or more make it Perfect. There are Seven Roots, Five Branches, and Three Acorns on the Jewel.
She knew nothing about Freemasonry and had no advice other than the suggestion that it be an Oak Tree as the centre part of the Jewel; she came up with the finished design from her own ideas. Needless to say, The Founders thought the design was perfect and we added the scrolled "Motto" into the jewel.
A meeting had to be held with the Provincial Grand Secretary, together with the Provincial Grand Master and the Deputy Provincial Grand Master at Croydon Masonic Centre.
Before this could be formally arranged various other matters had to be gone through including finding a name for the Lodge. The original suggestion came from W.Bro. John Lowery; "E Glande Quercus" of which the literal translation is "From Little Acorn, Oak".
This was put forward to The Province and it came back as being unacceptable as it was a "Motto" and could not, therefore, be used.
It was therefore agreed generally by the Founding Brethren that the name should be "Oak Tree Lodge" as the initial concept was born in a house in Oak Tree Road at Knaphill and two of the principle Founders lived in that road and it, therefore, seemed very fitting and the "E Glande Quercus" would become the "Lodge Motto".
This matter was put to the Provincial Grand Secretary and was accepted.
Oak Tree Lodge was consecrated on 24th May 1991.
Other Oak Tree Lodge Traditions
All the Officers donated their Collars, Jewels, and Aprons to the Lodge. The name of the donor is engraved on a plate attached to each collar or on the Jewel itself.
Also, as each Master goes through the Chair their name and year of being in the Chair are engraved on the Master's Collar. When all the shields on the Master's Collar were filled, that collar was passed to the S.W. and his collar, being blank shields, was passed to the W.M. so he had a new collar to fill.
When that collar was filled, it was passed to the S.W. and the collar that was worn by the S.W. (which had all the shields engraved) was passed to the J.W. whose collar was blank. The J.W. Collar was then passed to the W.M so the process could be repeated.
As each collar has twelve shields on, the Collar that the current J.W is wearing has the first 12 Masters Names inscribed on it and the S.W has the next 12 Masters names on.
The Working Tools were donated by Bro. Jim Webb and the box in which they are kept is engraved with a plate and his name thereon.
Click to read the full list of our Worshipful Masters.
Formally in;
December (Installation)
Lodge of Instruction at least once a month;
September to May
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what do you strive to?


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A RECYCLED and BOGUS SCAM!!!
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The Nova Star SCAM guarantees you $3,025 in 24 hours. In fact, on their presentation video, Michael Newberry offers you to give you a return on investment of $5,700 in one single day. If you are a new trader, I know it sounds promising, and many of us were excited when we were starting in Binary Options, every time we saw these ads with big amounts of money. Unfortunately, the Nova Star SCAM will not give you that money. We have to mention as well that the Nova Star SCAM never mentions any type of strategy or trading pattern. So, without any analysis, technical or fundamental, no predictions and no trading skills, How are we going to make thousands of dollars in one day? As you can imagine, their results are impossible and a big lie.
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Expert Option - Is it a legit broker?


60% of adults that spend time online have an Instagram account. And 500 million of the 800 million people on Instagram are active every single day.
Those statistics might convince you that your business needs to be on Instagram, posting regularly, and building an organic following.
Unfortunately, building an organic following on Instagram has only become more difficult over the past years.
And that trend isn't slowing down.
Just consider what's happening over on Facebook, where organic growth potential decreases year over year — from 16% in 2012 to 2.27% in 2015.
Since Facebook owns Instagram as well, it's only a matter of time before your Instagram organic reach falls to zero.
Is Instagram just a bad place to grow your audience? Or are there ways to work around this sad fact?
No, Instagram is not a bad place to grow an audience. And yes, there are ways to work around the death of organic growth.
To understand how you can avoid the death of Instagram's organic potential, you first need to understand why organic reach is suffering on the platform.
Is it because the overall quality of Instagram's content is worse than ever before? Or is organic growth on Instagram low because businesses don't know how to use the platform correctly?
In short, no. Why, then, will your organic reach soon be zero?
The answer is simple: The makers and owners of Instagram (and Facebook, for that matter) want your organic reach to be zero.
They don't want you to be able to reach your target market without paying to reach it.
In reality, social media websites are in the business of advertising. And if you can easily grow an organic following, then you won't pay them to advertise your business and products.
Because of that, Instagram is doing everything it can to kill your organic growth.
Sure. There might be some truth to that. But you're smart enough to know that that's mostly a bunch of bunk.
Instagram is doing it because they want you to pay money to reach your audience.
But it's the reality of today's social media environment.
Fortunately, it's not all bad news. Instagram is still a remarkable place to grow your audience, build brand awareness, drive traffic, and promote products.
It's reasonable to say that there's never been a platform as good for business as Instagram is.
No other platform engages audiences and captivates attention spans quite like Instagram.
On Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn, businesses consistently struggle to build meaningful relationships with their audiences. And the reason for that is simple.
Usually, when people are on social media, they don't want to be marketed to. They want to be entertained. Period.
And when marketers post on other social platforms, they become a bit too… well, salesy.
On Instagram, though, something peculiar happens.
Maybe it's because the platform is highly visual. Or maybe it's because Instagram encourages fun, quirky, and engaging content.
Whatever the case, businesses exceed at building meaningful relationships with their target markets on Instagram.
Just consider that the percentage of business followers that engage with content on Instagram is around 2.2% (On Facebook, that number is .216%).
So even though Instagram organic growth is dying, it still outperforms every other massive social media platform… combined.
For that reason, lots of businesses succeed on the visual social media site.
Airbnb, as an example, sees 40,000 organic likes and over 1,500 comments on just one of their posts.
Tesla experiences similar success, sitting at over 350,000 views and 1,200 comments on one of their videos.
Here's the good news. If those businesses can grow an organic following, so can you.
And doing so is only going to become more difficult as Instagram's efforts try to pull your hand from building an organic audience.
Fortunately, they can't stop you completely.
Here are four things you should be doing now to prepare for the increasingly difficult future of organic growth.
With better content comes a larger audience.
Yeah. Instagram really is that simple.
Instagram's algorithm update now prioritizes content that people want to see. Which means that simply posting content on the platform doesn't ensure that your audience is going to see it.
Ideally, you need to post content that engages your audience, receiving likes and comments.
Otherwise, Instagram won't even show your post to your audience.
Although that's sad, it's true.
And the best way to prepare for that truth is by increasing your content expectations.
Panera Bread is a prime example of an Instagram brand that consistently posts engaging photos of food.
But you don't always have to post your own remarkable photos. In fact, a great way to increase the quality of the content you produce is by leveraging user-generated content.
GoPro does this consistently on its Instagram account, asking its followers to send in photos and videos, which GoPro then shares with its audience.
Here's an example of the kind of photos that this strategy produces.
That's a gorgeous photo with lots of engagement.
But the best part is that GoPro didn't even need to create the content themselves. The geniuses behind GoPro's content marketing strategy simply needed to ask their audience to take photos and then they used the best of those photos to create content.
That's a valuable strategy if you have an already-engaged audience willing to submit photos and videos.
You can also use Instagram Stories, for which usership has surpassed that of Snapchat.
Or live video, which people tend to watch three times longer than traditional video.
Post your own amazing and engaging content, leverage user-generated content, create Instagram Stories, or publish live video.
Those are just a few strategies for consistently producing remarkable content.
And in the end, that remarkable content will get seen more than mediocre content — simply because Instagram will show it to your followers more often.
As AdWeek reports, Instagram users only see about 30% of the posts that show up in their feed.
Which means that they miss 70% of the posts.
Clearly, your chances of getting seen are… well, they're not good.
But, if you increase the amount of content you produce — so long as you don't simultaneously decrease the quality of that content — you'll also increase how many people see your content.
With more content comes more opportunity for people to see what you post.
The massively popular Gary Vaynerchuk posts every few hours on Instagram.
Here's one of his posts.
And another one three hours earlier.
And still another 13 hours before that.
Gary Vaynerchuk does not do that accidentally.
He posts so often because he knows that Instagram is trying to kill organic growth.
And the fact is, the more he posts, the more people who will see and engage with his content.
The same is true for your Instagram strategy.
If you want to see more engagement from your Instagram notifications, then try increasing how much you post every day.
Perhaps there's no better way to build an organic following on Instagram than by doing those two simple things.
Since reaching your audience is harder than ever, it's key that you choose the best time of day to post.
Naturally, the best time for your audience is going to be different than the best time for another brand's audience.
Every audience is different and so is the optimal time of day to share content.
That's why it's critical that you pay attention to your own engagement rate across various posts.
Ask yourself this question when examining past content: Is there a time of day that generally performs better and receives more engagement?
If you find that you're posting at the same time of day often, then mix it up and try out a few different times.
Then, post more during the times that receive increased engagement.
To get you started, though, consider this study that found that the best times to post on Instagram were Monday and Thursday at 2 a.m., between 8 a.m. and 9 a.m., and 5 p.m.
Another study found that the best times to post on Instagram were between Monday and Friday at 5 p.m.
Of course, don't take their word for it.
Try out different days and times for yourself and see what works best.
Then, post like crazy during those times.
The more that people share your content on their Instagram feed, the more people who will see your content and the greater your organic reach will be.
As Instagram tries to squash your organic growth, you can combat that by encouraging your existing audience to share your content.
The most obvious way of doing this is by using social media share buttons on your website. Like Neil Patel does.
On Instagram, however, sharing works a bit differently.
While share buttons like that work great for other social media platforms, you'll want to use this "view on Instagram" button to drive website traffic to your Instagram account.
When people click on it, they will be taken straight to your Instagram account, where they can choose to follow you or browse through your content.
However they get to your account — follower or not — effective ways to get people to repost your content are far and few between.
On Instagram, there is no official share button. But users often repost a photo with their own commentary and then give credit to the account that originally posted it.
If that's you, then you gain some extra publicity.
The first great way to do this is by using influencers that your audience already loves and connects with.
Daniel Wellington — a business that sells watches — does this with their Instagram account.
Then, if people see and like the content from the influencer, they'll be likely to repost it on their own account, mentioning your brand name to their own followers.
The second — and perhaps best — way to generate reposts on Instagram is to run a competition or giveaway.
Not only do people love entering into competitions or giveaways themselves, but they love telling their friends about the opportunity to do the same.
Here's a competition that OM NOM NOM ran.
Do that and people will share your content because they don't want their friends to miss out on the opportunity to win a free gift.
And the fact is, more shares means more attention for your business and a greater organic following.
You can use the "view on Instagram" button, influencer marketing, and competitions or giveaways to make that happen.
Soon, your organic growth potential on Instagram will be completely gone.
Or, at least, mostly gone.
In fact, to a large degree, that's already happened.
And in the years to come, growing an organic audience on Instagram will only be more difficult, not less.
This is because social media platforms want you to pay to reach your audience. They don't want you to be able to reach them for free.
Still, though, Instagram is the best social media platform to build meaningful relationships with your audience.
And you can increase the quality and quantity of your content, post content at the ideal time, and encourage social shares to do so.
People have to see your content before they choose to follow you.
And if you get your content in front of your target audience with the above strategies, then you'll still build organic relationships — despite the fact that C-level Instagram executives don't want you to.


Dr. Jeffrey Ganeles is a graduate of Cornell University and received his DMD from Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine. He completed a General Practice Residency at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania followed by a Certificate in Periodontics from the University of Pennsylvania College of Dental Medicine. He is a Diplomate of the American Board of Periodontology and a Fellow of the American College of Dentists, the International Team for Implantology, and the Academy of Osseointegration. Dr. Ganeles is a Clinical Associate Professor at Nova Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine and is also in full-time practice with the Florida Center for Periodontics & Implant Dentistry in Boca Raton, FL.


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Earthy Love () is a 1974 Russian romantic drama film directed by Yevgeny Matveyev and starring Matveyev, Olga Ostroumova, and Yury Yakovlev. The film was a screen adaptation of Pyotr Proskurin's novel  Earthy Love, and was viewed by 50.9 million spectators in 1975.  Yevgeny  Matveyev was honored with the State Prize of the RSFSR for Earthy Love and Destiny.

Plot
A story about love, the late chairman of the collective farm Zakhar Derugin (Yevgeny Matveev) marries the young woman Maria Polivanova (Olga Ostroumova) at the height of the harvest. There is a parallel developing romance between Catherine and her sister Derugin secretary of the District Party Committee Bryukhanov. The film shows the life of the Soviet countryside in the 1930s.

Cast

References

External links

 Earthy Love:Film.Peoples
Earthy Love: Kino-teatr.ru

1974 films
Mosfilm films
1970s Russian-language films
1974 romantic drama films
Soviet romantic drama films
Russian romantic drama films
1975 drama films
1975 films

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home 2016 elections Predictions for the March 1 Virginia Primary: Trump and Clinton
Predictions for the March 1 Virginia Primary: Trump and Clinton
lowkell
It's amazing, but with the South Carolina GOP primary in the rear-view mirror, we're now getting really close (eight full days to go) until March 1 and "Super Tuesday," when voters in a slew of states, including Virginia, head to the polls. With that, here are my fearless predictions for the Democratic and Republican primaries in Virginia.
Democrats: There have been two recent Virginia 2016 polls (by CNU and PPP), and both show Hillary Clinton well ahead of Bernie Sanders (12 points in the CNU poll; 22 points in the PPP poll). Also note that in Virginia, Clinton leads Sanders by 58 points among African Americans, who make up something like 34% of the likely Democratic primary electorate according to PPP. There's your "fire wall" right there. Finally, there's the support for Clinton from Governor McAuliffe, Senators Kaine and Warner and the vast majority of elected officials in Virginia. Combine all that, and it should be "game set match" for Hillary Clinton to win Virginia by a comfortable margin (15-20 points?) on March 1. Oh, and if Clinton can rack up a "yuge" Super Tuesday, which is highly likely, and a strong month of March in general, she will be well on her way to the nomination, if she hasn't clinched it outright.
Republicans: This one is tougher to predict, given that there's been only one public poll of Virginia Republicans in 2016 (one by CNU on February 16 — after Iowa and New Hampshire, but before South Carolina's primary yesterday). That one poll had Donald Trump leading with 28% of the vote, followed closely by Marco Rubio (22%) and Ted Cruz (19%), with other candidates basically left in the dust (John Kasich and Ben Carson at 7% each; former candidate "JEB" Bush at a pathetic 4%). With "JEB" withdrawing from the race, his 4% is now up for grabs and…yeah, who cares.
Anyway, so let's say Trump gets around 30%-35% of the vote in Virginia, similar to how he did in NH and SC. And let's say Kasich and Carson get around 7% each. That adds up to 44%-49% of the vote to be divided between the other two remaining candidates, Marco Rubio and Ted Cruz. And therein lies the problem for anyone not named "Donald Trump"; the egomaniacal demagogue and bigot can keep winning with 30%-35% if he's got two fairly evenly matched main competitors (Cruz and Rubio) splitting up that 44%-49%. And unless one of those guys (Cruz or Rubio) pulls away from the other one, getting around 35% of the vote (and leaving the other one with just 9%-14%), then Trump wins. Given that I don't see either Rubio or Cruz pulling out or collapsing by March 1, and also that both have solid cores of strength in Virginia (and other states), I'm betting on Cruz and Rubio running close to each other here in Virginia. Bottom line: Virginia's GOP primary on March 1 is likely to go for Donald Trump, with Rubio and Cruz battling it out for second place, and Kasich and Carson mostly afterthoughts.
This, in a nutshell, is the problem for Republicans horrified at the prospect of Trump as their nominee: by the time either Cruz or Rubio drop out of the race (also note that Carson's presence in the race tends to hurt Cruz and Kasich's presence tends to hurt Rubio, so hopes of stopping Trump assume that Carson and Kasich drop out soon), it might be too late to stop Trump. I mean, look at the list of upcoming GOP primaries and caucuses and tell me where Trump loses, assuming both Cruz and Rubio stay in the race? Heck, Cruz this morning wouldn't even guarantee he'll win his home state of Texas on March 1, and it's quite possible that Rubio won't win Florida ("winner take all") on March 12. Which would mean, again, a likely Trump nomination. Yet again, it's hard to see either Cruz or Rubio pulling out of the race anytime soon, let alone throwing their support to the other one. Which means we may actually see how many Republicans will hold to their vows to support the party's nominee, even if it's Donald Trump. Should be interesting!
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Cusco has contrasting landscapes, from mountains to rainforest, from lakes to rivers. Cusco was also the capital of the Inca Empire and its legends, with interesting local culture. Explore Cusco and Machupicchu from the sacred valley of the Inca.
Upon your arrival we descend to the sacred valley directly to impressive archaeological site of Pisaq, with Inca farming terraces built on its mountains and also the biggest colorful and traditional souvenirs market of the valley. Today we have a box lunch and we drive towards your hotel on sacred Valley.
Today we have an excursion to Maras salt mines and Moray Inca terraces and after the lunch we return to your hotel to enjoy free time in your hotel or walking around the Urubamba town.
This morning we go towards the archaeological site of Ollantaytambo after we visit the complex we take the train to Aguas Calientes.
After lunch we explore Machupicchu in the afternoon when most of the visitors are gone and we enjoy the best of the site and back to the hotel.
This morning we explore a world heritage city through its ancient streets. Main square the cathedral, Coricancha (temple of the sun), San Pedro Market (local market), Sacsayhuaman with its huge stone architecture and Q'enqo (ceremonial site) then you have the afternoon free for exploring the city of Cusco on your own.


text:
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Cabinet split on grammar schools as Theresa May's supporters accuse critics of 'arrogance'
Theresa May insists she will defy opposition to push through a plan for a new generation of grammar schools Credit: PA Wire
Tim Ross, Senior Political Correspondent
10 September 2016 • 11:40pm
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Theresa May's plan to open a new wave of grammar schools across the country split the cabinet on Saturday night, with senior ministers warning the policy could dramatically backfire.
The Prime Minister vowed to defy her critics and push through her policy of allowing hundreds of state schools to select children on the basis of their academic ability.
Mrs May's plan delighted traditionalist Tories and won vocal support from senior figures today.
Her supporters accused fellow Tories of an "arrogant" approach that would deny working class pupils an academically rigorous state education.
However, she faces growing dissent from others within her party, including senior MPs, the former Education Secretary, and even some of her own serving ministers.
One Cabinet source said the Prime Minister was making a mistake by promoting such a controversial policy when the Tories have only a small working majority in the Commons.
Mrs May could regret announcing her support for new grammar schools if she fails to get the measures – which were not part of the last Tory manifesto - through Parliament, the senior minister said. "With such a small majority, now is not the time to be picking a fight like this."
Sir Patrick McLoughlin, the Tory chairman, has also warned of the dangers of re-opening a divisive debate over grammar school education.
Speaking before the new policy was announced, he said it would not "help" to have "a great debate about grammars".
Rather than focusing on introducing new structures of schools in areas of England where there are no grammars, the government should raise standards for all pupils in the many "very good comprehensives" that exist, he told The Sunday Telegraph earlier this summer.
"Where they have been in operation they are valued but in areas where they are not in operation, I'm not sure it will help us if we have a great debate as to grammar schools as opposed to no grammar schools," Sir Patrick warned.
On Saturday night, the government issued a statement from Sir Patrick insisting that he now supported Mrs May's new policy "200 per cent".
Sir Patrick McLoughlin now supports Theresa May's plan for a new generation of grammar schools Credit: John Nguyen/JNVisuals
The criticism from within the government underlined the power of the emotive issue of academic selection to split the Tories.
David Cameron suffered his first major rebellion as leader over grammar schools in 2007 when he scrapped the party's long standing policy of allowing more selection.
Mrs May reversed that position in a speech on Friday and the government will spell out more details on the reforms – including extra measures designed to reassure critics – with a green paper this week.
The criticism came as Mrs May won enthusiastic backing from two senior MPs – Graham Brady, the chairman of the backbenchers' 1922 committee, and John Whittingdale, the former culture secretary.
Writing in The Sunday Telegraph, Mr Brady issued a coded rebuke to Tory opponents of the reform, such as Mrs Morgan, who was privately educated but claimed creating new grammars would undermine six years of Tory school reforms.
"It is unacceptable in modern Britain that the seven per cent who go to fee paying schools should maintain such a grip on public life and the professions," he said.
The government should not be "so arrogant as to keep a piece of dogma that says nobody is allowed to have a new grammar school, however much they want it".
In a statement issued through Downing St on Saturday night, Sir Patrick, the Tory chairman, insisted he backed Mrs May. "Of course none of us wanted to go back to an educational model from the past but that's not what we are offering," he said.
"I believe our vision - of a diverse school system that offers excellence and choice to parents and children - is the best model for the future."
At a glance | Theresa May's school revolution
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Comment: This Government is determined to ensure that the UK is the partner of choice in Africa
Liz Truss
18 Jan 2020, 9:30pm
Fewer overseas missions could be behind rise in drug taking among army soldiers, say retired military chiefs
Queen delivers hardest possible 'Megxit' as cost of Harry and Meghan's decision becomes clear
Duke and Duchess of Sussex unlikely to find respite from paparazzi in North America, media experts warn
K-pop dance classes oversubscribed in Britain amid growing popularity


Starting today, any YouTube user can request that captions be automatically added to a video, Google has announced.
YouTube has had a feature for adding captions since 2008. Last year, it introduced a beta auto-captioning service — which converts audio to text — to a select group of users. That feature is now universally available.
For now, auto-captioning is only available in English, and Google warns that it will only work for videos with clear audio and little background noise. YouTube will create captions for all such videos over the coming months, and has provided users with the option of requesting auto-captions for particular videos to accelerate the process.
Like all voice transcription software, auto-captions will be very fallible, and Google recommends that video owners check them over. But this will no doubt be a massive and immediate improvement for the hearing impaired.


text:
using Xunit;

namespace System.Xml.Tests
{
    public class InsertAfterTests
    {
        private XmlDocument CreateDocumentWithElement()
        {
            var doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.AppendChild(doc.CreateElement("root"));
            return doc;
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterWithSameRefAttrKeepsOrderIntactAndReturnsTheArgument()
        {
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute attr1, attr2, attr3;
            attr1 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1"));
            attr2 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2"));
            attr3 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr3"));

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            XmlAttribute result = target.InsertAfter(attr2, attr2);

            Assert.Equal(3, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(attr1, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(attr2, target[1]);
            Assert.Same(attr3, target[2]);
            Assert.Same(attr2, result);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterWithNullRefAttrAddsToTheBeginning()
        {
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute attr1, attr2, attr3;
            attr1 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1"));
            attr2 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2"));
            attr3 = doc.CreateAttribute("attr3");

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(attr3, null);

            Assert.Equal(3, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(attr3, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(attr1, target[1]);
            Assert.Same(attr2, target[2]);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterWithRefAttrWithAnotherOwnerElementThrows()
        {
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute("newAttr");
            XmlElement anotherElement = doc.CreateElement("anotherElement");
            XmlAttribute anotherOwnerElementAttr = anotherElement.SetAttributeNode("anotherOwnerElementAttr", string.Empty);

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            AssertExtensions.Throws<ArgumentException>(null, () => target.InsertAfter(newAttr, anotherOwnerElementAttr));
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterWithAttrWithAnotherOwnerDocumentThrows()
        {
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute existingAttr = doc.CreateAttribute("existingAttr");
            element.Attributes.Append(existingAttr);
            XmlAttribute anotherOwnerDocumentAttr = new XmlDocument().CreateAttribute("anotherOwnerDocumentAttr");

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            AssertExtensions.Throws<ArgumentException>(null, () => target.InsertAfter(anotherOwnerDocumentAttr, existingAttr));
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterDetachesAttrFromCurrentOwnerElement()
        {
            const string attributeName = "movingAttr";
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute attr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName));
            // assert on implicitly set preconditions
            Assert.Same(element, attr.OwnerElement);
            Assert.True(element.HasAttribute(attributeName));

            XmlElement destinationElement = doc.CreateElement("anotherElement");
            XmlAttribute refAttr = destinationElement.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("anotherAttr"));
            XmlAttributeCollection target = destinationElement.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(attr, refAttr);

            Assert.Same(destinationElement, attr.OwnerElement);
            Assert.False(element.HasAttribute(attributeName));
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterCanInsertAfterTheFirst()
        {
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr3", "some:uri3"));
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute("newAttr");

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr);

            Assert.Equal(4, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(refAttr, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target[1]);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterCanInsertAfterTheLast()
        {
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr3", "some:uri3"));
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute("newAttr");

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr);

            Assert.Equal(4, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(refAttr, target[2]);
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target[3]);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterCanInsertInTheMiddle()
        {
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr3", "some:uri3"));
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute("newAttr");

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr);

            Assert.Equal(4, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(refAttr, target[1]);
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target[2]);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterRemovesDupAttrAfterTheRef()
        {
            const string attributeName = "existingAttr";
            const string attributeUri = "some:existingUri";
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri)); //dup
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri);

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr);

            Assert.Equal(3, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(refAttr, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target[1]);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr, target[2]);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterRemovesDupAttrBeforeTheRef()
        {
            const string attributeName = "existingAttr";
            const string attributeUri = "some:existingUri";
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri)); //dup
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri);

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr);

            Assert.Equal(3, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(refAttr, target[1]);
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target[2]);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterReturnsInsertedAttr()
        {
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2");

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr));
        }

        [Fact]
        [SkipOnTargetFramework(TargetFrameworkMonikers.NetFramework)] //Fix for this edge case was only made in NetCore
        public void InsertAfterRemovesDupRefAttrAtTheEnd()
        {
            const string attributeName = "existingAttr";
            const string attributeUri = "some:existingUri";
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr1 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr2 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri)); //dup
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri);

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr);

            Assert.Equal(3, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr1, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr2, target[1]);
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target[2]);
        }

        [Fact]
        [SkipOnTargetFramework(~TargetFrameworkMonikers.NetFramework)] //Fix for this edge case was only made in NetCore
        public void InsertAfterThrowsArgumentOutOfRangeExceptionForDupRefAttrAtTheEnd_OldBehavior()
        {
            const string attributeName = "existingAttr";
            const string attributeUri = "some:existingUri";
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr1 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr2 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri)); //dup
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri);

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            Assert.Throws<ArgumentOutOfRangeException> (() => target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr));

            Assert.Equal(2, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr1, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr2, target[1]);
        }

        [Fact]
        [SkipOnTargetFramework(TargetFrameworkMonikers.NetFramework)] //Fix for this edge case was only made in NetCore
        public void InsertAfterReplacesDupRefAttr()
        {
            const string attributeName = "existingAttr";
            const string attributeUri = "some:existingUri";
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr1 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr2 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri)); //dup
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr3 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr3", "some:uri3"));
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri);

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr);

            Assert.Equal(4, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr1, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr2, target[1]);
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target[2]);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr3, target[3]);
        }

        [Fact]
        [SkipOnTargetFramework(~TargetFrameworkMonikers.NetFramework)] //Fix for this edge case was only made in NetCore
        public void InsertAfterDoesNotReplaceDupRefAttr_OldBehavior()
        {
            const string attributeName = "existingAttr";
            const string attributeUri = "some:existingUri";
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr1 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr2 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri)); //dup
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr3 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr3", "some:uri3"));
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri);

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr);

            Assert.Equal(4, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr1, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr2, target[1]);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr3, target[2]);
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target[3]);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void InsertAfterRemovesDupRefAttrAfterAttrAndTheRef()
        {
            const string attributeName = "existingAttr";
            const string attributeUri = "some:existingUri";
            XmlDocument doc = CreateDocumentWithElement();
            XmlElement element = doc.DocumentElement;
            XmlAttribute refAttr = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr1", "some:uri1"));
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr2 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr2", "some:uri2"));
            element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri)); //dup
            XmlAttribute anotherAttr3 = element.Attributes.Append(doc.CreateAttribute("attr3", "some:uri3"));
            XmlAttribute newAttr = doc.CreateAttribute(attributeName, attributeUri);

            XmlAttributeCollection target = element.Attributes;
            target.InsertAfter(newAttr, refAttr);

            Assert.Equal(4, target.Count);
            Assert.Same(refAttr, target[0]);
            Assert.Same(newAttr, target[1]);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr2, target[2]);
            Assert.Same(anotherAttr3, target[3]);
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
A towel became a weapon in attack on SC...
Nuclear Experts Raise Concerns About...
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Once arcane job openings survey becomes darling of Fed's eye
DAILY MAGAZINE
FILE PHOTO: Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell speaks in Washington
FILE PHOTO: A person walks by the Department of Labor headquarters in Washington, D.
FILE PHOTO: A person walks by the Department of Labor headquarters in Washington, D.C.
By Howard Schneider
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - As a Harvard University graduate student in the 1980s, Katharine Abraham tried to fill a hole in U.S. economic data by piecing together an estimate of labor demand, essentially a best guess of the number of open jobs in the country.
She drew from a patchwork of data, including surveys some states had conducted, a bit of information from the manufacturing sector, and even a pinch of data from Canada.
It was the best available information at the time, she said in a recent interview. But later, in the 1990s as the Clinton administration's Bureau of Labor Statistics commissioner, she converted that project into one of the most important, if still somewhat obscure, sets of labor market data beyond the monthly U.S. jobs report itself.
The Job Openings and Labor Market Turnover Survey (JOLTS), first issued to the public in 2002 and with information dating back to December 2000, is young compared with unemployment statistics that reach back to the 1940s, and was even scuttled by budget cutters the first time Abraham proposed it.
But it is having a moment, with a track record now long enough that Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell has made the JOLTS job vacancy estimate a touchstone in how he views the labor market and, as a result, the possible course of interest rates.
Analysts have taken note.
When the survey for October is released on Wednesday, "all eyes will be on the job openings data" and whether an expected decline in openings reaffirms the Fed's hope that the super tight hiring conditions seen through much of the COVID-19 pandemic are easing, Tim Duy, chief U.S. economist at SGH Macro Advisors, wrote in a note.
Graphic: Unemployed to job openings https://graphics.reuters.com/USA-FED/JOBS/egvbkmeoepq/chart.png
'OUT OF LINE'
A big surprise in either direction could tilt estimates of the Fed's expected path of interest rates.
The JOLTS vacancy estimate "has been unusually important in this cycle because it has been so out of line," with roughly two jobs open for each unemployed person, Powell said in a news conference after the end of the central bank's Nov. 1-2 policy meeting. "We keep looking for signs that ... the beginning of a gradual softening is happening ... I don't see the case for a real softening just yet."
The monthly unemployment rate, the product of a much larger sample of about 60,000 people each month compared with the 21,000 firms polled by the Labor Department for JOLTS, still captures the bigger headlines as the bellwether number for the state of the job market.
But that is a broad and blunt statistic. In recent years, researchers have looked for supplements, in particular to data like JOLTS, to provide more nuance about job market dynamics.
A worker who quits a job and one who is laid off may seem both headed for unemployment, for example. But a "quitter" is more likely simply flowing into another job in a sign of a strong economy, while rising layoffs are a sign that things may be weakening.
JOLTS measures both, and former Fed Chair Janet Yellen, when still vice chair of the U.S. central bank, elevated the quits rate to key status in her monitoring of the job market. Quits estimates would later fuel debate about a "Great Resignation" when they spiked during the pandemic.
Graphic: JOLTS and the job market https://graphics.reuters.com/USA-FED/JOLTS/xmvjkoqdbpr/chart.png
EXPANDED SCOPE
The JOLTS data has become prominent enough that the Biden administration wants to double the size of the survey, and boost the budget from around $5.5 million to $9.6 million, so that estimates can be produced without the current one-month lag, provide more detail by industry and state, and fill what are seen as longstanding gaps.
The current survey was designed to make it easy on businesses and encourage responses, with a one-page form that asks for six pieces of data.
One issue, however, is that the job openings recorded by businesses don't reflect how intensively a company is trying to fill its available jobs, and, consequently, whether executives are primed to bid up wages or are passively waiting for the right candidate, said Steven Davis, an economics professor at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.
"When JOLTS came along it was stepping into a data void that it has done a good job of filling. It is just incomplete," Davis said. "What is missing is anything about the effort that the employer is putting forth - like advertising, how quickly you interview ... whether the standards are tight or easy. There is zero on that."
An expanded JOLTS survey may get directly at that and other issues in the future, said Paul R. Calhoun Jr., who was involved with developing the survey in the 1990s and is its current manager.
Among the substantive holes to potentially fill, he said, is the pay offered for open jobs - data that, if coupled with occupational estimates that JOLTS economists also want to develop, could help show how wages are expected to behave, another key point for the Fed in its inflation control efforts.
"You got all these job openings," Calhoun said. "How can I characterize them? Are these good jobs or not?"
Graphic: Job openings to unemployed Job openings to unemployed https://graphics.reuters.com/USA-ECONOMY/VACANCIES/zdpxobkxmvx/chart.png
TENUOUS START
Expansion is a far cry from where JOLTS began.
Abraham said after her original survey proposal was turned down, it was resurrected when the unemployment rate dove towards 4% during the technology-driven boom of the mid-to-late 1990s and President Bill Clinton's White House wanted more information about what was happening.
"We had the unemployment rate, so we knew how many people there are who are looking for work and don't have a job. We didn't have anything analogous on the employer side," she said. Similar to the current situation, "people were very concerned about labor shortages and difficulty employers were having in filling jobs."
Even then, JOLTS staffers said the program had a tenuous grip for the first few years.
The priority among staff at that time was to build a simple survey "to get this off the ground for a few years and hopefully survive because that was certainly, from my standpoint, not a guarantee," said Mark Crankshaw, the JOLTS lead statistician who also helped build the program.
But "it has been going upwards. Now ... I listen to podcasts and people start talking about JOLTS ... I didn't expect it at all," he said.
(Reporting by Howard Schneider; Editing by Dan Burns and Paul Simao)
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St Andrews the cathedral town of the old diocese of the same name which was the Metropolitan see of Scotland, was founded as a Bishop's Burgh by leave of King David I between 1124 and 1144. In 1614, it was made a Burgh of Regality under the Archbishop of St Andrews, and King James VI made it a Royal Burgh in 1620.
The arms consist of a rearrangement of the device on the reverse of the old Burgh seal of which a 1357 impression is on record. the shield is parted in the blue and silver colours of St Andrew and Scotland.The figure of the Saint with his cross needs no explanation. The boar and the oak tree which were, before 1912, sometimes regarded as the Burgh arms, recall the ancient name of the Burgh, which was Muckross, "the headland of the boars" .


Ottawa Senators defenseman Erik Karlsson.
The Flyers are red hot, and, with their potential playoff seeding looking better by the day, the 2018 NHL trade deadline could be an interesting one for general manager Ron Hextall.
After a few years of quiet deadlines to start his tenure, a recent rash of goaltender injuries forced Hextall into making a deal, which he did by acquiring Petr Mrazek from the Red Wings for two conditional draft picks. And with the Flyers winning again on Saturday, beating the reeling Senators, 5-3, in Ottawa, Hextall might not be done making moves just yet.
The victory over the Sens temporarily moved the Flyers (33-19-10, 76 points) into a tie with the Penguins for the top spot in the Metropolitan Division, so Hextall almost certainly won't be selling. If anything, he'll be trying to bolster his current roster as he prepares the team for a playoff run.
Just a few short months ago, that's something almost no one was expecting. On December 3, coming off a 10-game losing streak, the Flyers were dead last in their division and tied for the fourth fewest points in the entire NHL. Now, not only have they gone from worst to first in the Metropolitan, but they also have the seventh most points in the league.
With just 48 hours until the trade deadline, things might just get interesting. Or perhaps the recent surge from the Flyers – they've recorded at least a point in 20 of their last 25 games (18-5-2) – has Hextall feeling more confident that his team, the hottest in the NHL, can make a playoff run without adding any other big-name free agents.
This time of year, NHL players can find themselves worrying about their futures with their current teams. That won't be the case for the Flyers, and after turning their season around and climbing their way into playoff position, that feels well-deserved.
Things in Ottawa aren't going quite as well.
Speculation that the Ottawa Senators are poised to move superstar defenseman Erik Karlsson before Monday's trade deadline has reached a fever pitch, with other veterans who led the team to the Eastern Conference final last spring also likely playing their last game before an unpopular rebuild prompted by a disappointing record and lower than desired attendance numbers.
The house cleaning started when the Senators dealt defenseman Dion Phaneuf to the Los Angeles Kings on Feb. 1, and continued Friday when they sent center Derick Brassard to the Pittsburgh Penguins.
The Senators (21-29-10) are admittedly feeling the effects of what defensemen Mark Borowiecki called "trade purgatory" after Thursday's 4-3 home loss to the Tampa Bay Lightning.
That speculation in Ottawa isn't going to get any better after their most recent loss to the Flyers, who are reportedly one of the teams interested in Sens defenseman Erik Karlsson.
That's right, the Flyers are one of the teams rumored to be interested in Karlsson, at least according to TheFourthPeriod.com. They also have Karlsson listed as their top available free agent.
Whoa, nelly. It's gotten to this point in Ottawa. Karlsson takes over the No.1 slot, but we caution a trade by the deadline seems unlikely - but not impossible. The Sens are taking calls, but the return will have to be huge.
So what might a Karlsson trade look like? And would Hextall be willing to pay it just because his team is performing better than expected?
If the Senators want to set up their franchise for the future, who better to trade with than the team with the deepest prospect pool. While the roster player may be of lesser quality, as I wouldn't expect Hextall to trade any of their stars or rookies, they can offer a higher quality and quantity of prospects.
Before the Flyers acquired Mrazek, it was reported there might be something in the works for one of the Sabres two goalies. That ultimately didn't happen, but the same reporter, TSN's Elliotte Friedman, recently mentioned the two teams have continued to scout one another.
Maybe there's a chance they were talking about someone else, like forward Sam Reinhart? They have an in-depth breakdown of the convo between Friedman and Jeff Marek on the 31 Thoughts Podcast and more on Reinhart and what he might cost. Here's a brief summary, but go check out the whole thing.
• The Flyers and Sabres have apparently been scouting each other and have at least been talking about a deal of some sort. It is at least possible that that deal could feature the Flyers dealing a young defenseman for Buffalo forward Sam Reinhart.
• Reinhart's a pretty solid young forward who has stagnated a bit in Buffalo this season but would be a welcome addition to any team. Buffalo has a lot of good young forwards that may be pushing Reinhart out of the team's long-term core, and they have nothing at all in the way of good young defensemen. The Flyers have those, which is why a deal may be there to be made.


So I was reading The Black Diamond: On-Ramp comic, and if it is a true indication of how The Black Diamond will be (and there is no reason why it will not, as it is by the same writer and artist), then The Black Diamond will be a good comic.
Written by Larry Young and drawn by Jon Proctor (in "Comicscope"), this offering from AIT/Planet Lar is one of those "high concept" comics (like 30 Days of Night and Living in Infamy).
The conceit is that fifty years from now there is this cross-country elevated highway that the government has basically said to the people of the nation that this highway is "do what you want" to cut the undesirable elements from the rest of the nation.
Which works fine enough, except for when one normal man has to get from San Francisco to Baltimore - fast.
I like the concept, although I do think that the elevated part is a bit sketchy. Young makes good use of the side effect of having an elevated highway, which is that every once in awhile, a car will speed off the highway and kill someone, but said side effect is SO apparent that I just don't see it being implemented.
However, once you buy into the fact that it WAS somehow passed into being, the highway is a neat idea.
Proctor has extremely gritty art, which works well for this gritty world.
There is some plot established in the first issue, but really, while it is all fine enough, the real plot will take place in the official series.
From the looks of this issue, it should be good.
I haven't yet received my copy of this, but I'm looking forward to it. It reminded me a lot of the story I read in Al Williamson Adventures written by Harlan Ellison about a future time when cars come with rocket launchers and the like and you can challenge other motorists to duels. It was the best story in that book and I long for that time to finally arrive.
I'm sure I'll be in the minority on this one - in the Bizarro World the comics blogiverse often is, at least - but this comic did nothing for me beyond annoying me that I paid $2.95 for it. It's a marketing piece that does little more than tease the concept with little attention paid to the actual plot or the characters involved. While the extras fill that hole, the story itself doesn't, and I don't buy comics for the extras. And Proctor's art is just ugly. Not gritty; ugly.
I think, Guy, that it is perfectly reasonable to dislike Proctor's art because you think it is ugly.
I would certainly agree that he is an acquired taste.
Brian, thanks for paying attention to LIVING IN INFAMY even though the book hasn't come out yet. It will debut next month at Comic Con and if you're there, we hope you'll stop by and check it out. You can find us crashing with our friends at Antarctic Press Booth #2307.
P.S. Ben knows he owes you an interview.