300 is an American IPA by Fulton. It has an ABV of 6.9%. It has a rating of 4.5 out of 5 with 14 reviews.
"Like it better on tap"
"Top ten IPA for me."
"Rainy day beer. Plus Alex says it's ipa day."
"Awesome day for a bike ride."
"Look at me. I'm at a bar."
"Besides the fact it's in a frosty glass, it's delicious. # nationalbeerday"


Corso Italia is a smaller neighbourhood contained within the bigger Corso Italia-Davenport neighbourhood. There are numerous cafes, clothing and shoe shops, restaurants, food markets and more. This is considered Toronto's second Italian neighbourhood aside from Little Italy though there is also a significant Latin American and Portuguese residents. The Corso Italia Toronto Fiesta is one of the annual festivals hosted in this neighbourhood.
This area is right along St. Clair Avenue West between Lansdowne Avenue on the West and Westmount Avenue on the East.


Dry barleywine essence enhanced by sweet mocha-spiced Scotch malts. Reminiscent of neighboring Ipswich Brewery (but with less yeast prominence). Multi-dimensional candy-like pleasantry fades quickly, but barley roasted spine provides wonderful assist.


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Time is Now for New York
By Jeff Kassouf
If the New York Red Bulls cannot attract new fans after Saturday's game against the Los Angeles Galaxy, then they might as well just hang up the cleats. 66,237 people turned out to see Beckham make his first MLS start, but they weren't all star-gazers.
The boisterous crowd booed Beckham on every set piece, though he was initially able to quiet them with two assists in the first eight minutes. Taking this one in from the stands instead of the press box, I was able to get a genuine feel for the crowd.
Though there were certainly a good number there supporting Beckham and the Galaxy, Red Bulls fans did dominate the landscape. They erupted each of the five times that New York found the back of the net, and the regular fans of the Empire Supporters Club, among others, taunted anyone and everyone with a Beckham jersey.
Beckham may have been booed throughout the game, but the fact was that people were there to see him. The Red Bulls averaged a pathetic 11,573 fans per game entering the contest, and surely the extra 55,000 plus did not turn out to see Alan Gordon or Ty Harden.
Any idiot can tell you that Beckham produced the crowd, but it was the perfect night to fall in love with soccer. The new fans in attendance were either new to MLS and supporters of international soccer or just new to professional soccer in general. Either way, they were treated to the most entertaining game that I have ever seen MLS teams produce.
Yes, I remember other thrilling games like when the then Metrostars traveled to San Jose and the two walked away with five goals each, and obviously MLS Cup games are always dramatic with a championship on the line. But really, could this have been more of a perfect game?
Common misconceptions from the casual fan about soccer include the fact that it is boring, there is not enough scoring, or even just that Major League Soccer doesn't have talent. With the world watching, this game put all of that to rest. An exciting 5-4 thriller kept eyes fixated on the field, and to use the cliché that if you blinked you missed something is not an overstatement.
It's a given that Beckham can attract that crowd, but an amazing game such as that could convert soccer bashers into full-time supporters. The only hope is that it is what actually happens, at least in New York. If the Red Bulls can't find a way to convert at least a few thousand of those 55,000 or so extra fans into regulars after that game, then it is just not meant to be.
These casual fans were treated to the game of their lives in what was possibly their first ever MLS game. Can they expect a game like that every time they come? No. But, they can expect a high level of soccer and great entertainment from the likes of Juan Pablo Angel, Jozy Altidore, Dane Richards, and visiting teams at every game.
Saturday's game alone, in the world's biggest market, warrants giving MLS at least a few more tries for those new to the game. Red Bull Park is behind schedule, but it's time for New York's front office to do some aftermarketing on these folks and get those fans to Giants' Stadium until they can show them an even better time in Harrison. Saturday was not the norm for MLS, but everything from the crowd to the excitement on the pitch was a glimpse of what could be.
Watch the highlights:
Jeff Kassouf is a staff writer for The New Paltz Times and a freelance writer who covers soccer, and can be reached at: jeffkassouf@yahoo.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


With so many benefits to a pleasant outdoor space of your own, a pergola is a wonderful and economic structure to introduce into and expand your living space. As a lovely centerpiece or an eye-catching addition to your yard, it lends the perfect backdrop while entertaining friends and family: everything from a charming casual backyard barbeque to an elegant summer evening of dinner and drinks al fresco. Not to mention, of course, providing an entrancing refuge for the simple, quiet joy of some well-deserved me-time. Especially now, with spring just a flowery breath away and summer dancing so close behind. Not to forget, there's autumn's spectacularly colorful array to enjoy later in the year! A pergola is a cost-effective, time-friendly and fantastic way to supplement the welcoming ambience of a peaceful and beautiful outdoor retreat just beyond your door.
Keith Kelchner, founder and CEO of 2HIRE.US, and his wife, Kat, decided to build a pergola after moving to their new home. Having enjoyed one at their previous residence, it was a simple choice to build another and continue all the outdoor fun! After a little bit of online research, they landed on a design they loved and happily went ahead with the project. Taking only two and a half days, with one crew consisting of two crew-members, it cost a comfortable $3,900 for the actual structure (which included labor and materials). After additional landscaping and décor, they're positively thrilled with the results. However, it is important to keep in mind that the cost of building a pergola is influenced by many different variables, all of which can cause the final price to fluctuate.
So, what were some of the considerations Keith and Kat weighed as they moved forward, and what factors contributed to their decisions? Let's break down everything from prepping the area to what kind of upkeep you can expect with this beautiful addition to your outdoor space.
One of the wonderful aspects of pergolas is the abundant variations in design; a simple online peek at Google or Pinterest offers plenty of options to consider, and, of course, the 2HIRE.US team is here to help narrow it down and find the ideal choice for your home. While Keith and his wife chose to fill the dimensions of their 12' by 16' deck (conveniently making their pergola a freestanding structure, requiring nothing more than additional footers under the existing deck and then confirming it was level), 2HIRE.US has had excellent success with pergolas reaching as high as two stories!
Not only are there plenty of design options to consider, this project can utilize a wonderfully flexible array of materials, from aluminum or steel to pressure treated lumber and more! The Kelchner family, loving the pleasant sophistication of natural wood and its color, chose to use pressure treated lumber and clear corrugated polycarbonate plastic roofing panels to let in the natural light. In fact, once completed, pergolas require upkeep so simple and easy it hardly qualifies as mentionable. Occasionally blow an errant leaf or two off the roof, apply a coat of stain in the color of your preference (or clear sealant) and think no more of it!
When building a pergola, landscaping is a great option for enhancing charm and lending an elegance to the ambience, just as the décor you choose can tie the entire outdoor space together. Keith and Kat had already planned on redesigning the area prior to construction. Having only to clear small vines and saplings in preparation, they decided to include a walkway across the backyard, adding a beautiful and agreeable aesthetic to the façade. This was also a practical measure, allowing rainwater to drain between the stones without a muddy yard to step in.
Post-construction, finding the right décor for your space is the finishing touch. There are myriad options for every taste preference, making it fun and easy to create an enchanting, unique space with your pergola as the lovely centerpiece. Keith and his wife chose to hang outdoor string lights in the trees for a delightful nighttime effect. This complements the smaller, clear mini-lights that they wrapped in silk grapevines and easily tacked to wooden boards that attach around the perimeter of the pergola. With roll-down screens as a pleasant way to shade those hot afternoons in the Georgia sun, the finished product was exactly what the doctor prescribed for a relaxing evening of grilling out with friends and loved ones.
All in all, Keith and Kat Kelchner's pergola project was both time- and cost-efficient, providing their home additional charm and a space they can enjoy for years to come. It is the perfect backdrop for everything from backyard barbeques to a relaxing early morning cup of coffee. Here at 2HIRE.US, our expert and professional crews use quality materials and bring years of experience to every project! Your satisfaction is extremely important to us and we will strive to honor what you envision for your space. Please continue to follow our blog and explore our website to find additional pictures and videos, testimonials, pricing, discounts, and the many skills we are very pleased to offer; thank you! You can also download our electronic business card to access everything from one convenient place on your smartphone by texting 2HIRE to 36260.


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by Deena Beneda | Mar 20, 2009 | Articles
A new sweetener is on the market and it maybe just a sweet as it claims to be. Agave nectar has a long history has been used since ancient times however it is relatively new in health food market. What is this new sweetener and why it is any better than other...
History of Naturopathic Medicine
by Farhang Khosh | Mar 1, 2009 | Articles
Naturopathic medicine, sometimes called "naturopathy," is as old as healing itself and as new as the latest discoveries in biochemical sciences. In the United States, the naturopathic medical profession's infrastructure is based on accredited...
What is Naturopathic Medicine? What it can do for you!
The Naturopathic Physician Naturopathic Physicians (NDs) are general practitioners trained as specialists in natural medicine. They are educated in the conventional medical sciences, but they are not orthodox medical doctors (MDs). Naturopathic Physicians treat...
What is Homeopathic Medicine?
by Mehdi Khosh | Mar 1, 2009 | Articles
Homeopathic Remedies What is Homeopathy? Homeopathy is derived from the Greek word homoios, meaning like or similar. Known to the ancient Greeks, the modern system of homeopathy was introduced by a German physician, Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, in the nineteenth century....
Boost Your Immune System with Elderberry
Curious About Cloves?
Natural Approaches to Menopause
Thyme: It's Not Just for Cooking!
The Magic of Mullein
©2018 Natural Medical Care all rights reserved. Site by TriLion


How much is Tito Puente Worth?
Tito Puente Net Worth: Tito Puente was an American salsa musician and Latin jazz composer who had a net worth of $5 million. Ernesto Antonio "Tito" Puente (aka Tito Puente) was born July 23, 1923 in New York City, New York. Puente was often referred to as The Musical Pope, El Rey de los Timbales (The King of the timables) and The King of Latin Music. Over his 50-year career, he was best known for dance-oriented mambo and Latin jazz compositions. Puente and his music appear in many films, such as The Mambo Kings and Fernando Trueba's Calle 54. He also guest-starred on several television shows (Sesame Street, The Cosby Show and most notably The Simpsons two-part episode Who Shot Mr. Burns?). The son of Puerto Rican immigrants, Puente grew up in New York City's Spanish Harlem and became a professional musician at age 13. He learned to play a number of instruments as a child, beginning with the piano then moving to percussion, saxophone, vibraphone and timbales. After an apprenticeship in the historic Machito Orchestra, Puente was drafted into the U.S. Navy and served during World War II. He returned to New York in 1945 to study at New York City's famed Juilliard School and in 1948 formed a band that would later be known as the Tito Puente Orchestra. By the '50s, the band was attracting large crowds and Puente became a Latin music sensation. In 1958, Puente released his best-selling album, Dance Mania, and more hits followed. Throughout his career, Puente performed with a number of leading jazz performers and also with many symphony orchestras. Puente received numerous awards for his work, including five Grammy Awards. In 1999, Puente was awarded an honorary degree at Columbia University. Ernesto Antonio "Tito" Puente died June 1, 2000 (aged 77) in New York City, New York.


IF YOU'VE EVER RECIEVED A MIND-SMASHING MESSAGE OR EMAIL FROM SOMEONE, AND AFTER READING THEIR POOR ATTEMPT AT MANIPULATION, ALTHOUGH YOU SEE WHERE THEY PUT FORTH SOME EFFORT, YOU'RE NOT ALONE. YOU JUST HAVE TO LAUGH IT OFF- TRUST ME. I DON'T KNOW IF THIS SOUNDS ARROGANT OR NOT, I DON'T REALLY CARE, BUT IF YOU'RE GOING TO ONE-UP SOMEONE AT LEAST WORK ON YOUR DELIVERY BEFORE SENDING SOME UNINTELLIGENT DRIBBLE. I FIND IT INSULTING AT MOST, WASTED ENERGY ON THE TIME IT TOOK TO READ IT, AND SOMETHING CLOSE TO A PESKY LITTLE BEE THAT WON'T BUZZ OFF.
IT DID DO ONE THING, WHETHER I WANT TO ADMIT IT OR NOT, IT MADE ME DO A LOOKBACK AT MYSELF WHEN I KNEW THIS PARTICULAR BUZZKILL. COME TO FIND OUT I WASN'T IN A VERY GOOD PLACE. AWWWW.
I USED TO THINK THAT A WOMAN WAS A PERSON WHO NEEDED TO BE NEEDED BY SOMEONE AND THAT DISGUSTED ME. (I HONESTLY DON'T KNOW WHERE I CONJURED THAT CRAP FROM). I WAS SO FLAT ON EMOTION THAT I DIDN'T CARE ABOUT MYSELF MUCHLESS NEEDING SOMEONE ELSE…OR SO I THOUGHT (I CAN POST THIS WITHOUT CAUSING A RIFF WITH MY BF BECAUSE HE'S AWESOME AND HE KNOWS HOW MUCH I NEED HIM. YES, I SAID IT AND IT DOESN'T BOTHER ME IN THE LEAST). BACK TO MY RAMBLINGS… MY ATTITUDE WAS THE "BORED-WITH-LIFE" KIND. I THOUGHT THAT I DID EVERYTHING THAT I CONSIDERED IMPORTANT TO ME EARLIER IN MY LIFE AND I NO LONGER FOUND INTEREST IN ANYTING– I JUST DIDN'T CARE. COME TO FIND OUT THOUGH, MUCH LATER IN LIFE, (THE UNIVERSE HAS A WICKED SENSE OF HUMOR) THIS BLASÉ BEHAVIOR CAME FROM "STORING". YES, I SAID STORING – STORING FACTS, EMOTIONS, CONVERSATIONS, ETC. AND AFTER A WHILE THIS OVERLOAD OF DUSTY FILES TOOK ITS TOLL ON MY MIND AND MY BODY. (I MAY HAVE MENTIONED THIS IN A PREVIOUS POST, BUT I THOUGHT IT WORTH MENTIONING AGAIN IN CASE SOMEONE ELSE IS EXPERIENCING THIS. IT'S IMPORTANT TO GET IT ALL OUT, ALTHOUGH NOT AS EASY TO DO AS ONE MIGHT THINK) THE ACT OF STORING THINGS CAME VERY NATURAL TO ME, TOO NATURAL IN FACT. AFTER A LITTLE TIME OF REPEATING THIS NASTY BEHAVIOR, IT TRAINS YOUR MIND AND BODY AND YOU START TO DO IT WITHOUT EVEN REALIZING IT. FINALLY ONE DAY IT COMES OUT BECAUSE WHERE ELSE IS IT GOING TO GO? YES, YOU'VE GOT IT. THEN YOU TURN INTO ONE OF THOSE WIERDOS SENDING OUT WAY-LATE, ANGRY EMAILS TRYING TO LOOK FOR RESOLVE OR CLOSURE, OR WHO KNOWS WHAT.
SO WHAT DOES THE MIND SAY TODAY? IT SAYS TO GET IT ALL OUT THERE. IT DOESN'T MATTER WHOSE FEELINGS GET HURT, WHO GETS OFFENDED, WHO IS PLEASED, WHO IS NOT, OR WHO WILL HAVE AN OPINION. IT REALLY DOES NOT MATTER. THE ONLY THING THAT MATTERS IS THAT YOU ARE TRUE TO YOURSELF. YOU HAVE TO BE HONEST WITH WHERE YOU ARE MENTALLY AND EMOTIONALLY. IT MAY SEEM LIKE A TASK, BUT IN THE END IT'S WORTH IT. STAY TUNED WITH YOUR BODY AND YOUR EMOTIONS SO THAT YOU CAN ALWAYS BE THE PILOT OF YOUR CONSCIENCOUSNESS. WHICH BY THE WAY, IS WHO YOU ARE. IF YOU THINK ABOUT THAT, YOU'LL REALIZE HOW IMPORTANT THAT TRULY IS FOR THE SELF.
HAPPY WEDNESDAY TO EVERYONE AND REMEMBER, DON'T BE AFRAID TO LOOK WITHIN.


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Q: How to make phonecall from one of the arraylist's element onclick? I have an ArrayList with tree elements in it (icon, text(name), text(phonenumber)).
I want to do two things,
1) make whole one element of list clickable
2) make phone call to that number onclick
Now I know I need to use onclicklistener but how do implement it to my code? My main and adapter
    public class MainActivity extends ListActivity {
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.target_item);

    // if extending Activity
    //setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    // 1. pass context and data to the custom adapter
    MyAdapter adapter = new MyAdapter(this, generateData());

    // if extending Activity 2. Get ListView from activity_main.xml
    //ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);

    // 3. setListAdapter
    //listView.setAdapter(adapter); if extending Activity
    setListAdapter(adapter);
    }

private ArrayList<Model> generateData() {
    ArrayList<Model> models = new ArrayList<Model>();
    // here are elements of the arraylist header & next are list's elements
    models.add(new Model("[text]"));
    models.add(new Model(R.drawable.[icon], "[text]", "**[text(number)]**"));
    models.add(new Model(R.drawable.[icon2], "[text2]", "**[text(number2)]**"));
    return models;
}
}

 public class MyAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Model> {

private final Context context;
private final ArrayList<Model> modelsArrayList;

public MyAdapter(Context context, ArrayList<Model> modelsArrayList) {

    super(context, R.layout.target_item, modelsArrayList);

    this.context = context;
    this.modelsArrayList = modelsArrayList;
}

@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

    // 1. Create inflater
    LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context
            .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);

    // 2. Get rowView from inflater

    View rowView = null;
    if(!modelsArrayList.get(position).isGroupHeader()){
        rowView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.target_item, parent, false);

        // 3. Get icon,title & counter views from the rowView
        ImageView imgView = (ImageView) rowView.findViewById(R.id.item_icon);
        TextView titleView = (TextView) rowView.findViewById(R.id.item_title);
        TextView counterView = (TextView) rowView.findViewById(R.id.item_counter);

        // 4. Set the text for textView
        imgView.setImageResource(modelsArrayList.get(position).getIcon());
        titleView.setText(modelsArrayList.get(position).getTitle());
        counterView.setText(modelsArrayList.get(position).getCounter());

    }
    else{
        rowView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.group_header_item, parent, false);
        TextView titleView = (TextView) rowView.findViewById(R.id.header);
        titleView.setText(modelsArrayList.get(position).getTitle());

    }

    // 5. retrn rowView
    return rowView;
}
}

A: Try this-
listView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
        int position, long id) {
       makeCall("Phone Number goes here..");
    }
});

public void makeCall(String callTo) {
    Intent callIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL);
    callIntent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:" + callTo));
    startActivity(callIntent);
}

A: In you MyAdapter.class to make change like
rowview.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            Intent callIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
            callIntent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:0377778888"));
          // hear set your array position vise set mobile nmber
            startActivity(callIntent);
        }
    });

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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School of General Education
The School of General Education, previously known as the Institute of Basic Courses when it was founded in June, 2000, is dedicated to students' ability in foreign languages, computer skill and physical education at Anhui Medical University. With 10 years of development, this institute has matured into a well-staffed, efficiently-managed and innovationally-oriented teaching and researching center with abundant resources. To meet our university's new challenges of nurturing all-around talents and offering quality education for medical majors, it was formally renamed as the School of General Education on December 23rd, 2010, with Mr. Dong Guang-feng as its Dean.
SGE has four Departments and Centers and they are:
Department of Foreign Languages
Center for Physical Education
Center for Chinese Language and Literature
Staffed with 94 members, the school boasts a qualified faculty of over 76 full-time teachers and researchers, including 18 full professors and associate professors. In the recent years, it has been proactive in recruiting youthful strengths and optimizing the echelon of its faculty. Now a strong team of young intellects has been built up in the school —1 doctorate degree holder and 53 master's degree recipients.
Teaching and Researching Facilities and Resources
The classrooms and laboratories of SGE now cover 2800 square meters. Distributed in 5 computer labs, 6 multi-media language labs and 2 self-learning centers, over 1000 computers and other facilities are available to students on campus. An average of 5800 students makes use of these resources each year, spending accumulatively 400,000 hours in our labs and centers.


Quality also comes across in the visuals. "The new consumer wants more bang for her buck, something unique and high quality at a fair price," Evans said. "There is a lot more design and decorating that can be done with LVT and high end products." He added the mill advertises the Legacy collection differently, marketing to the dealer with displays and brochures.


CC Reporting & Videoconferencing provides court reporters, video and court reporting services in Roseburg, Oregon, and the surrounding area. Our staff can arrange for a conference room, and our experienced reporters will exceed your expectations for professionalism and service. Expedited delivery, videography, and discovery support are available.
In the heart of the "Land of Umpqua," Roseburg enjoys both the North and South branches of the Umpqua River with its famed fishing, rafting, and waterfalls aplenty. Other claims to fame include six covered bridges and historic wineries (Oregon vintners planted their first crops in the Roseburg area in 1961).


text:
Jerusalem Post World News
US: 'No reason to believe' Syrian rebels using WMD
White House spokesman says attack is "of great concern," but allegations still being investigated.
Flags of Hezbollah, Assad's Syria 370
(photo credit: REUTERS/Ali Hashisho)
WASHINGTON - The US State Department on Tuesday said it had no reason to believe Syrian government charges that rebels had used chemical weapons in the country's civil war, but said it was still studying allegations from the opposition that Syrian armed forces had used the weapons.
Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland called the charges an effort by Syrian President Bashar Assad's government to discredit its opponents.
Nuland, portraying the Assad government as increasingly beleaguered, said Washington is "quite concerned" that it would resort to non-conventional weapons
Meanwhile, the White House on Tuesday said it was looking carefully at allegations that chemical weapons were used in Syria, but said it had no evidence to substantiate charges that the opposition had used such weapons.
"We are looking carefully at the information as it comes in," White House spokesman Jay Carney told reporters. "This is an issue that has been made very clear by the president to be of great concern to us."
Meanwhile, Britain's UN envoy said on Tuesday that reports of a chemical weapon attack in Syria had not yet been "fully verified" as the Russian Foreign Ministry accused Syrian rebels of using chemical weapons near the northern city of Aleppo.
Syria's government and rebels accused each other of launching the deadly chemical attack on Tuesday. If confirmed it would be the first use of such weapons in the two-year-old conflict.
"We have seen those reports, they haven't yet been fully verified," Britain's UN Ambassador Mark Lyall Grant told reporters on his way into a UN Security Council meeting on Afghanistan.
"But clearly if chemical weapons were used then that would be abhorrent and it would require a serious response from the international community," he said.
The Security Council has been deadlocked on Syria since 2011. Russia and China have refused to consider sanctions on President Bashar Assad's government, and have vetoed three resolutions condemning Assad's crackdown on opposition groups.
The conflict began as peaceful protests that turned violent when Assad tried to crush the revolt. The United Nations says more than 70,000 people have been killed and more than 1 million people have fled the violence.
Tags Aleppo


text:
Q: How to save a pdf file on Amazon elastic beanstalk server? I am deploying a web app on amazon elastic bean server, and I am using the free version. I would like to save the PDF file on the server after parsing a JSON response in spring framework. How can I save the pdf file on amazon elastic bean? I do not want to keep it in DB.

A: To store files I suggest using a S3 bucket. Use the amazon SDK to do it. For java, see com.amazonaws.services.s3 putObject Interface AmazonS3.
Refer these nice article https://medium.com/oril/uploading-files-to-aws-s3-bucket-using-spring-boot-483fcb6f8646
https://www.baeldung.com/aws-s3-java

A: If I were you I would use Spring Content.  Then you don't need to worry about how to implement any of this code yourself and you have much more flexibility over where to store your images now and in future.
It is pretty easy to an existing Spring MVC application:

pom.xml

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.paulcwarren</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-content-fs</artifactId>
        <version>0.2.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.paulcwarren</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-content-rest</artifactId>
        <version>0.2.0</version>
    </dependency>

StoreConfig.java

@Configuration
@EnableFilesystemStores
@Import(RestConfiguration.class)
public class EnableFilesystemStoresConfig {

    @Bean
    File filesystemRoot() {
        try {
            return new File("/path/to/your/pdfs");
        } catch (IOException ioe) {}
        return null;
    }

    @Bean
    FileSystemResourceLoader fileSystemResourceLoader() {
        return new FileSystemResourceLoader(filesystemRoot().getAbsolutePath());
    }

}

PdfStore.java

  @StoreRestResource(path="pdfs")
  public interface PdfStore extends Store<String> {
  }

That's it.  Now you will have a fully functional (POST, PUT, GET, DELETE) REST-based pdf service at /pdfs that will use your PdfStore to store (and retrieve) PDFs stored on your elastic bean server at /path/to/your/pdfs.
So...
curl --upload-file example-pdf.pdf /pdfs/example-pdf.pdf
will upload example-pdf.pdf and store it in /path/to/your/pdf/example-pdf.pdf on your server then:
GET /pdfs/example-pdf.pdf
will return download it.
If you want to store the images in an S3 bucket instead then all you need to do is change the first dependency to spring-content-s3 and update the @Configuration to @EnableS3Stores and add connection details for an S3 bucket.  Reference guides are at the bottom of this page.
HTH

A: i think it may helps, below code you can use for download file.
@RequestMapping(value="download", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public void downloadPDFResource( HttpServletRequest request,
                                     HttpServletResponse response)
    {
        //If user is not authorized - he should be thrown out from here itself

        //Authorized user will download the file
        String dataDirectory = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/PDF/");
        Path file = Paths.get(dataDirectory, "file.pdf");
        if (Files.exists(file))
        {
            response.setContentType("application/vnd.android.package-archive");
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=downloadedfile.pdf");
            try
            {
                Files.copy(file, response.getOutputStream());
                response.getOutputStream().flush();
            }
            catch (IOException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }


Our range of soups developed to help nourish & boost your health. Inspired by the taste of traditional Mexican cooking our chefs have created a deliciously smokey soup. Juicy tomatoes, black turtle beans and quinoa are perfectly seasoned with smoked paprika, chipotle chilli powder & lime juice to create this perfect fusion of flavours! Not only is it truly tasty but it is also a source of protein and high in fibre!


UGL Unipart is a joint venture established in December 2011 between UGL (Australia) and Unipart Rail (UK). UGL Unipart provides heavy maintenance and supply chain services for over 1,050 passenger cars in Sydney's metropolitan passenger rail fleet.
Consistently setting standards in local-international collaboration, UGL's partnership with Unipart Rail delivers whole of life asset solutions to support highly reliable passenger car fleets. The partnership draws upon UGL's asset management and maintenance capability and intimate knowledge of Sydney's metropolitan passenger rail fleet, and Unipart Rail's expertise in inventory, purchasing and logistics management. Our maintenance services, supply chain and value engineering initiatives are designed to increase safety, reliability and availability of our client's rail fleet.
As a market leader in the provision of rolling stock services in Australia, UGL Unipart provides a complete turnkey solution from wheelset re-profile, including bearing re-qualification to wheelsets and supply of new wheels, axles, and requalified bearings from our centre of wheelset excellence in Auburn, New South Wales in Australia.
integrated planning and intrinsic in-house engineering services to support our customers.
Certainty: heavy maintenance, projects, out of course work and component maintenance, bogie change out, wheel re-profiling and wheelset overhaul for passenger cars, freight wagons and locomotives.
Relationship centricity: UGL Unipart is committed to aligning our service provision to meet our customers' goals and requirements.
Value for money solutions: utilising our experience and working closely with our customers to understand their requirements and goals in delivering tailored, value add solutions.
Lifecycle procurement provision: full lifecycle procurement, from planning and forecasting of demand to provision and end-of-life support. This includes obsolescence management and inventory buy back, ensuring availability of parts and materials for customer requirements and helping minimise costs of inventory management and stock holding.
Strategically located distribution centre: at our centralised distribution centre in Auburn, NSW we have the necessary facilities to store all parts, rotables and spare pools, providing optimised lead times for delivery.
Deliver programmed maintenance and Component Change Out across the XPT fleet.
UGL Unipart and Sydney Trains developed reliability-centred maintenance scope of work. UGL Unipart was awarded the project work to deliver maintenance requirements for Level 3 Component Change Out and overhaul work, scheduled on a 5-year cycle. The project scope on the entire fleet, comprised of 19 power cars and 60 trailers. The CCO and reliability scope involves the removal and replacement of major and minor rotables, testing and commissioning. Additionally, it involves end-customer experience issues such as seating, lighting, internal painting and the air-conditioning and refrigeration systems.
All cars were delivered on time and within budget. The project now delivers cars 100% to the schedule and has reduced post-delivery quality issues.
The OSCar fleet has good wheel life of 8 years but can experience poor brake disc life <4 years. The non-split disc design requires the wheel to be dismounted from the axle, with 50% failing to achieve the necessary tonnage when being pushed back on. The cast steel material is considered an important factor in the short wear life of the discs. The friction pair is also proven to be susceptible to metal pick-up on the brake pads that can lead to rapid disc wear.
UGL Unipart provided state-of-the-art passenger amenity upgrades to 446 cars to ensure the Sydney travelling public enjoy an enhanced travel experience. The work was delivered six months ahead of schedule, extended the fleet life up to 20 years and 15% under budget.
40% of the Tangara fleet's 900 air conditioning (AC) units were being removed from service each year for servicing, with many parts either obsolete or expensive.
UGL Unipart, in partnership with Knorr-Bremse, introduced a new capability to the UGL Unipart site at Auburn, New South Wales, to deliver HVAC systems to their original specifications and fine tune them for optimal performance and efficiency.


text:
Goyen Family Tree
State – Virginia
State – North Carolina
State – South Carolina
State – Mississippi
State – Alabama
State – Georgia
State – Tennessee
State – Texas
State – Maryland
0001 Pages for People
Texas – Shelby County, Smith County, Somervell County
From Gowen Manuscript: http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~gowenrf/Gowenms124.htm
SHELBY COUNTY, TEXAS
Hubert Lamar Going was born in Shelby County, January 2, 1926, according to Texas BVS File 773110.
James A. Going was the father of an infant born in Shelby County August 31, 1917, according to BVS File 36655.
Lenard Going was the father of an infant born September 2, 1933, according to BVS File 76426. He was also the father of an infant born February 13, 1937 in Shelby County, according to BVS File 121208.
Travis P. Going was born March 4, 1918 in Shelby County, according to BVS File 15836.
Alice Mae Goings was born in Shelby County March 1, 1911, according to BVS File 1208828.
Billy J. Goings married Deborah J. Francher (18) on May 30, 1972 according to Shelby County marriage records.
Billy Johnnie Goings died September 05, 1983 according to Shelby County death records.
Callie F. Goings died December 21, 1996 according to Shelby County death records.
Clovis Gene Goings died December 24, 1996 according to Shelby County death records.
Denver Parrish Goings died December 22, 1990 according to Shelby County death records.
E. C. Goings was born in Shelby County December 28, 1926, according to BVS File 914521.
E. C. Goings was the father of an infant born March 30, 1933 in Shelby County, according to BVS File 24950. He was also the father of an infant born October 23, 1941, according to BVS File 136502.
Gay Goings Strickland died September 26, 1981 according to Shelby County death records.
George Goings died June 16, 1965 according to Shelby County death records.
Glenda Ann Goings was born in Shelby County August 9, 1958, according to BVS File 171331.
J. J. Goings was the father of an infant born December 6, 1933 in Shelby County, according to BVS File 106582.
James J. Goings died May 19, 1977 according to Shelby County death records.
Jane L. Goings died May 29, 1990 according to Shelby County death records.
Jerrel Flint Goings died March 31, 1995 according to Shelby County death records.
Jettie E. Goings died May 11, 1984 according to Shelby County death records.
Johnnie Leo Goings died February 13, 1986 according to Shelby County death records.
Johnny L. Goings (55) married Neda M. Adams (53) on August 18, 1975 according to Shelby County marriage records.
Marie B. Goings died November 19, 1973 according to Shelby County death records.
Neda M. Goings died January 23, 1977 according to Shelby County death records.
Ricky L. Goings died November 07,1976 according to Shelby County death records.
Thomas Frank Goings died August 14, 1968 according to Shelby County death records.
Sarah Guynes died September 17, 1996 according to Shelby County death records.
Sudie Guynes died January 08, 1967 according to Shelby County death records.
SMITH COUNTY, TEXAS
Bessie Goens was married to Bernice Staples May 29, 1915, according to Smith County Marriage Book 21, page 430.
Charles Goens, a salesman at Wheelers, lived at 218 South Bois D'Arc Avenue, according to the 1937 city directory of Tyler.
Ernest S. Goens was born about 1885, place and parents unknown.
On December 24, 1921, he was married at Calvert, Texas to Lena Blasienz, the daughter of Francis A. Blasienz and Amanda Jane Massengale Blasienz, according to Smith County Marriage Book 25, page 108. Lena Blasienz was born November 23, 1889 in Texas.
Ernest S. Goens, assistant county attorney for Smith County, and his wife, Lena Blasienz Goens, a school teacher at Douglas School, roomed at 316 west Erwin, according to the 1923 city directory of Tyler, Texas.
In 1925 Ernest S. Goens was listed as county attorney, and Lena Blasienz Goens was a teacher at the Tyler High School, still living at 316 West Erwin. Ernest S. Goens gave a deed to Mrs. James W. Goens September 1, 1926, according to Smith County Deed Book 183, page 64. They gave a deed to five acres to W. M. Boss for $800 September 22, 1926, according to Smith County Deed Book 183, page 99.
An infant was born to Ernest S. Goens and Lena Blasienz Goens and died May 20, 1928 in Smith County, according to BVS File 23123.
Ernest S. Goens "of Smith County, Texas" gave a mineral deed to W. A. Pounds and R. C. Ryarly April 10, 1930 to property in Van Zandt County, Texas, according to Van Zandt County Deed Book 205, pages 179, 180 and Deed Book 205, page 221. Consideration was $100 for one acre of land.
Ernest S. Goens continued as Smith County Attorney through 1930. He lived at 408 Bonner Avenue from 1927 until 1933.
On October 16, 1933 Ernest S. Goens received an oil and gas lease from Paul D. Smith on property in Wood County, Texas, according to Wood County Deed Book 137, page 44. He received an assignment from Ben D. Clower on Minerals in Wood County December 8, 1941, according to Wood County Deed Book 203, page 534.
In 1932 Ernest S. Goens was in private law practice under the firm name of Goens & Hutchins. From 1933 until 1935 he was with Pace & Goens, Attorneys. In 1936 the firm name was changed to Pace, Goens, & Park. In 1940 it was again Pace & Goens. In 1933 Ernest S. Goens and Lena Blasienz Goens moved to 512 West Front Street, Tyler, an address they maintained through 1947, the final entry carried for them in the city directory there.
He left an estate valued at $26,062.12, including a residence at 6006 Azalea Lane in Dallas, according to Dallas County Probate File No. 51096-C. Ernest S. Goens and Lena Blasienz Goens had no living children at the time of his death.
In January 1963, Lena Blasienz Goens lived at 7 Brooks Avenue, Eldorado, Texas. She died there February 28, 1972 of cancer, according to Sutton County Death Book 10, page 46. According to Mrs. Ernest C. Hill, a sister, she was buried in Little River Cemetery, Hearne, Texas.
The estate of Lena Goens at Sonora, who died February 28, 1972, valued at $15,000, was willed to Mrs. Ida Blasienz Hill according to Stonewall County Deed Book 250, page 243.
The estate of Lena Blasienz was administered by Ida Blasienz Hill, her sister of Eldorado, Texas, according to Smith County Deed Book 1468, page 758. Ida Blasienz Hill retained ownership of 85 acres of land in Smith County in 1973 that she inherited from her sister in October 1973.
Goens Cummings died December 28, 1967 according to Smith County death records.
James W. Goens was married June 5, 1940 to Mrs. Mary G. Shreves, according to Marriage Book 38, page 18. Mrs. Mary G. Shreves Goens is believed to be the subject below known as Mrs James W. Goens.
Mrs. James W. Goens received a deed from Ernest S. Goens September 21, 1926, according to Smith County Deed Book 183, page 64.
J. W. Goens and wife gave a deed to Campbell & Kay September 16, 1943, according to Smith County Deed Book 474, page 115.
J. W. Goens died May 12, 1944 in Smith County, according to BVS File 25014. Mrs. J. W. Goens died April 24, 1945, according to BVS File 18185.
J. W. Goens, Jr. gave a right-of-way deed to Smith County April 4, 1938 for a road from Lindale to Red Springs, Texas, according to Smith County Deed Book 371, page 215. J. W. Goens, Jr. received a deed from C. F. Miller May 31, 1945 to land located ¼ miles east of Lindale, according to Smith County Deed Book 510, page 120.
John Goens was a deputy sheriff in Tyler, rooming at the Smith County Courthouse, according to the 1918 city directory of Tyler.
John W. Goens died March 27, 1940 in Smith County, according to BVS File 11137.
John W. Goens JR died April 29, 1974 according to Smith County death records.
Marie O. Goens died May 24, 1972 according to Smith County death records.
Martha Enid Goens died February 21, 1979 according to Smith County death records.
Oren F. Goens was married to Miss Enid Bradshaw June 18, 1922 by Rev. R. E. Goens, minister, Methodist Episcopal Church, according to Smith County Marriage Book 25, page 251.
Roland C. Goens was married to Miss Rena Bradshaw August 27, 1917, according to Smith County Marriage Book 22, page 485.
Roland C. Goens "of Smith County, Texas" gave an extension to C.W. Bradshaw on an obligation June 27, 1927, according to Smith County Deed Book 192, page 298. Roland C. Goens and his wife, Rena Bradshaw Goens, "of Harris County, Texas" gave a deed to a lot in Lindale, Texas in Dixie Gas & Fuel Company for $50 August 11, 1928, according to Smith County Deed Book 206, page 218.
Roland C. Goens gave an assignment to R. H. Weatherly December 19, 1931 on Lot 7 in a Montgomery County, Texas survey, according to Montgomery County Deed Book 135, page 401.
Roland C. Goens and Rena Bradshaw Goens of "Smith County" gave a deed to 10 acres of land located south of Lindale, Texas to Leon York June 10, 1944 for $1,000, according to Smith County Deed Book 489, page 312.
On October 17, 1945 Rena Bradshaw Goens and Roland C. Goens, "of Hopkins County, Texas" joined by Enid Bradshaw Goens and her husband, Oren F. Goens "of Pulaski County, Arkansas" gave a deed to her mother, Emma Bradshaw for three acres of land located ¼ mile west of Lindale, according to Smith County Deed Book 511, page 434.
It is believed that Roland C. Goens died about 1946. Rena Bradshaw Goens, "a widow of Wood County, Texas" received a warranty deed from C. O. Aaron May 17, 1947 to Lot 4, Block 36, Ham Addition, Mineola, Texas, according to Wood County Deed Book 306, page 56. On November 3, 1952 she sold the property to J. M. Purkett for $7,750, according to Wood County Deed Book 377, page 99.
R. F. Goens, "a single man of Smith County" gave a deed to Wright Mallory to property at Lindale for $2,700 December 17, 1945, according to Smith County Deed Book 520, page 35.
Barry M. Goines (25) married Barbara A. Long (23) on April 15, 1978 according to Smith County marriage records.
Barry Goines, a Department of Public Safety Trooper stationed at Tyler, was mentioned as the investigator of a traffic accident that occurred in Tyler March 19, 1996. Trooper "Barry Goins" continued at Tyler in 2001.
Tress M. Goings died April 12, 1996 according to Smith County death records.
Mrs. Belle Loftin Goins was sued by McMullen & Company of Tarrant County, Texas February 10, 1931, according to Smith County Deed Book 245, page 7. She was later married to M. B. Self and subsequently was a widow, according to an affidavit by George Widener dated February 10, 1931.
Carol Goins was married to Charles H. Walker in 1954, according to Smith County Marriage Book 50, page 7.
Clyde O'Neal Goins, a mechanic at Goforth Auto Repair, and his wife, Beulah Goins, roomed at 618 E. Erwin, Tyler, according to the 1923 city directory. He was the father of a child born Sepember 12, 1931 in Nacogdoches County, Texas, according to BVS File 113499. Clyde O'Neal Goins died June 28, 1951 in Angelina County, Texas, according to BVS File 55124.
Miss Margia Goins was married to Joe S. McKnight May 3, 1938, according to Smith County Marriage Book 36, page 296.
Oda Goins [also rendered as Gowens] was a student at Tyler Commercial College in 1925, rooming at 533 West Elm, according to the Tyler city directory.
A. J. Gowan, a mechanic for AAMCO transmission, and his wife, Ann D. Gowan, lived at 2931 Chandler Highway in 1973, according to the Tyler City directory.
Annie Ruth Gowan was married to Marshall Pell January 1, 1949, according to Smith County Marriage Book, page 125.
Donnie Gowan, the widow of Charles Gowan, lived at 1114 North Confederate Avenue from 1960 to 1963, according to the Tyler city directory.
James R. Gowan died March 4, 1978 in Smith County, according to Smith County death records.
Laura Virginia Gowan died February 9, 1919 in Smith County, according to BVS File 8168.
Vertis Gowan was married to Irma Dell Birtcher in 1969, according to Smith County Marriage book 64, page 148. Children born to Vertis Gowan and Irma Dell Birtcher Gowan are unknown.
An infant, the eighth child of Tobie Percy Gowans and Thibee Preston Gowans, was born June 21, 1934 in Smith County, according to BVS File 47360. The infant died the same day.
Ara Gowans [female], believed to be a negro, was married to Nathaniel Simpson Aprill 11, 1942, according to Smith County Marriage Book 34, page 339.
Bennie Charles Gowans, a twin and sixth child of Tobie Percy Gowans and Thibee Preston Gowans, was born June 2, 1933 in Smith County, according to BVS Files. In 1938 he lived with his grandfather, M. B. Preston, who was appointed his guardian. In 1964 he lived in Cook County, Illinois.
Beverly Ann Gowans, daughter of Tobie Percy Gowans, Jr. and Opal Washington Gowans, was born April 5, 1945, according to Dallas County Birth Book 52, page 500. Norvel Turner, the informant, lived at 3107 Alberta, Dallas, Texas October 28, 1947.
Dewey Gowans was married to Maggie Brown February 18, 1932, according to Smith County Marriage Book 31, page 343.
Dewey Gowans, believed to be a negro, was remarried November 27, 1936 to Nellie Wilson, according to Smith County Marriage Book 35, page 231. Of Dewey Gowans and Nellie Wilson Gowans nothing more is known.
J. C. Gowans, third child of Tobie Percy Gowans and Thibee Preston Gowans, was born in 1927. He was a twin. In 1938 he lived with his grandfather, M. B. Preston, who was appointed his guardian. In 1964 he lived in Cook County, Illinois.
J. C. Gowans, a twin and fourth child of Tobie Percy Gowans and Thibee Preston Gowans, was born in 1927. In 1937 he lived with his grandfather, M. B. Preston who was appointed his guardian. In 1964 L. C. Gowans lived in Dallas, Texas, according to Smith County Deed Book 1136, page 206.
Luther B. Gowans, assumed to be the first child of Tobie Percy Gowans and Thibee Preston Gowans, was born in 1919. In 1938 he lived with his grandfather, M. B. Preston in Tyler. In 1964 he lived in Cook County, Illinois, according to Smith County Deed Book 1136, page 206. He joined his brothers at that time to convey Lots 10 & 11, Block 346, Bellwood Heights, Tyler to James R. Pierce.
"Nellie Gowans," negress, believed to be Nellie Gowen, lived at 1402 West Paul from 1938 to 1950, according to the Tyler city directory. She was a maid employed at the Blackstone Hotel. Nellie Gowans, "feme sole" received a deed August 17, 1949 to Lot 3, Block 13, College Heights Addition, Tyler, according to Smith County Deed Book 625, page 544. From 1950 through 1973 Nellie Gowans lived at 2120 North Gaston Avenue, Tyler, and was employed as a maid at Alamo Plaza, a cook and seamstress. She retired in 1956.
Tobie Percy Gowans, negro, and his wife, Thibee Preston Gowans, were listed in the 1930 city directory of Tyler as a yardman living at 1704 North Ross Avenue. In 1932 and 1933 they lived at 1808 North Ross, according to the directory.
Thibee Preston Gowans was injured in a public transit vehicle accident in 1937 and died November 14, 1937, according to BVS File 57199. Tobie Percy Gowans filed suit against Tyler Transit Company and received a $1,750 settlement, according to Smith County Probate File 5830.
Apparently Tobie Percy Gowans died in 1938. M. B. Preston, his father-in-law was appointed guardian of the children.
Children born to Tobie Percy Gowans and Thibee Preston Gowans include:
Luther B. Gowans born in 1919
J. C. Gowans born in 1927, twin
L. C. Gowans born in 1927, twin
Tobe Percy Gowans, Jr. born in 1920
Willie Frank Gowans born March 19, 1932
Bennie Charles Gowans born June 2, 1933
Wilford Robert Gowans born November 19, 1935
[Infant] born & died June 21, 1934
Tobie Percy Gowans, Jr., son of Tobie Percy Gowans and Thibee Preston Gowans was born in 1920, according to his father's probate records. His military discharge record shows that he was born in 1922 at Palmer, Texas. In 1938 he lived in Tyler with his grandfather, M. B. Preston, who was appointed his guardian. He was married about 1944 according to Opal Washington, who was born in Ferris, Texas in 1921. In 1945 she was listed as a domestic in the Dallas, Texas city directory.
In 1964 Tobie Percy Gowans, Jr. Opal Washington Gowans lived in Cook County, Illinois. Children born to them include:
Beverly Ann Gowans born April 5, 1945
Wilford Robert Gowans, seventh child of Tobie Percy Gowans and Thibee Preston Gowans, was born November 19, 1935 in Tyler, according to BVS File1298225.
In 1938 he lived with his grandfather, M. B. Preston, who was appointed his guardian. In 1953 he lived with his grandmother, Mrs. T. V. Preston, who was appointed his guardian. In 1964 Wilford Robert Gowans lived in Cook County, Illinois.
Willie Frank Gowans, fifth child of Tobie Percy Gowans, was born March 19, 1932 in Tyler, Texas according to BVS Files. In 1938 he lived with his grandfather M. B. Preston, who was appointed his guardian. In 1950 Willie Frank Gowans, a dishwasher for Manning's Grill was listed in the city directory of Tyler living at 1704 North Ross, previously the home of his parents. Willie Frank Gowans contracted with East Texas Photo Copy March 31, 1950 to be their janitor for $40 per week, according to Smith County Deed Book 643, page 545.
Willie Frank Gowans was married to Gladys Lorene Ford October 29, 1951, according to Smith County Marriage Book 48, page 33. In 1953 Mrs. T. V. Preston, his grandmother, was appointed his guardian, according to Smith County Probate File 9485. In 1964 Willie Frank Gowans lived in Dallas, Texas.
David B. Gowen (27) married Judit W. Vargas (29) on February 23, 1991 according to Smith County marriage records.
Larry L. Gowen (32) married Mary A. Merrell (23) on February 13, 1982 according to Smith County marriage records.
Marle S. Gowen was married to Jane Elaine Cole in 1976, according to Smith County Marriage Book 74, page 799. Of Marle S. Gowen and Jane Elaine Cole Gowen nothing more is known.
Robert Jack Gowen, a carpenter, and his wife, Jo Gowen, lived at 711 East Queen from 1934 to 1937, according to the Tyler city directory. In the 1936-37 edition he was described as a roofer. This individual may be Rufus James Gowan who was also a roofer and whose wife was named Josie Gowan.
Golda Gowen, possibly their child, was also living at 711 East Queen in the 1934-35 edition of the Tyler city directory.
Lymuel C. Gowen (18) married Sharon D. Britton (19) on August 9, 1980 according to Smith County marriage records.
Stella M. Gowen was married to Thomas P. Ross February 18, 1896, according to Smith County Marriage Book 13, page 21.
Stephen Gowen, negro, was born in Tennessee in January 1858. He was listed as a laborer in the 1893 city directory of Tyler, Texas living at 513 Albertson Street.
He was enumerated as the head of a household in the 1900 census of Smith County, Enumeration District 98, page 14, precinct 1, living in Tyler. The household was rendered as:
"Gowen, Stephen 42, born in TN in January
Emma 38, born in TN May 1862
Eldridge 20, born in TX July 1879
Dee G. 15, born in TX October 1884
Willie G. 14, born in TX February
Cora 11, born in TX April 1889
Nellie B. 5, born in TX June 1894
Bertie B 3, born in TX July 1896
Nathaniel 1, born in TX September
Dekabon Gowens, an employee of Mother Frances Hospital in 1958, lived at 1819 Confederate, according to the Tyler city directory.
Flois Gowens was the parent of an infant born in Smith County August 18, 1927, according to BVS File 56516.
Bobbye Lee Gowin died April 15, 1979 according to Smith County death records.
Robert Edward Gowin died April 18, 1979 according Smith County death records.
Miss S. E. Gowins was married August 7, 1880 to J. J. Cawroe, according to Smith County Marriage Book 38, page 435.
Of W. A. Gowins and Oreta Ayer Gowins nothing more is known.
Carroll Heard Goyne was born in 1898 probably in Louisiana.
He enlisted July 15, 1917 in the U. S. Army at Camp Nichols, Louisiana. He served in the Aisne Defensive in June 1918 in the Battle of Chateau Thierry during June and July 1918 and later in the Army of Occupation. During this action he received a shrapnel wound in his right shoulder. He returned from overseas August 23, 1919 and was discharged at Camp Shelby, Mississippi, according to Smith County Discharge Book 1, page 183. He served in Company E, Thirtieth U. S. Infantry Regiment. He was single and a corporal when discharged.
Carroll Heard Goyne and his wife Eunice Goyne, appeared in the city directory of Shreveport, Louisiana from 1930 through 1941. During all that period he was a driver-salesman for Excelsior Steam Laundry. In 1930 and 1931 they lived at 1116 Busbey. In 1932 they lived at 1506 Sycamore. From 1933 until 1937 they lived at 627 Spring Hill Avenue with two children, according to the Shreveport city directory. In 1939 and 1940 they were listed at 111 Carrolton.
Children born to Carroll Heard Goyne and Eunice Goyne include:
Carroll Heard Goyne, Jr. born about 1923
Carroll Heard Goyne, Jr., son of Carroll Heard Goyne and Eunice Goyne, was born about 1923. In 1941 he was listed as a student living at 450 Dalzell, according to the Shreveport, Louisiana city directory.
Marshall Lee Goyne, believed to be a brother of Carroll Heard Goyne, and his wife Eunice Goyne, appeared in the city directory of Shreveport, Louisiana from 1930 through 1941. In 1931 he was a driver and lived at 1116 Busbey, the address of Carroll Heard Goyne. In 1932 he was listed as a salesman for Ideal Laundry and with that company until 1936. In 1934 he lived at 3209 Kentucky, and from 1935 to 1939 at 6402 Lexington. In 1936 his wife's name was listed as Grace Goyne. In 1939 he was listed at 3806 Maryland, in 1940 at 1912 Creswell and in 1941 at 3821 Richmond Avenue. Two children were listed in the household in 1941 when Marshall Lee Goyne was working for Excelsior Steam Laundry.
In 1972 Marshall Lee Goyne was listed as a taxpayer in Caddo County, Louisiana living at 1856 Ridgecrest Drive.
Dixie Goynes died January 30, 1976 according to Smith County death records.
Earl Goynes, student, lived at 2404 North Grand Avenue in 1954, according to the Tyler city directory.
Mary Nyla Goynes died July 01, 1980 according to Smith Cout
Sherwin Wallace Goynes was born in Smith County September 13, 1950, according to BVS File 138153.
Carl Franklin Guynes died November 25, 1996 according to Smith County death records.
Ethel Guynes Butler died January 15, 1993 according to Smith County death records.
SOMERVELL COUNTY, TEXAS
Randy J. Goins (19) married Cheryl M. Ashbrook (18) on July 3, 1970 according to Somervell County marriage records.
LIST OF U.S. STATES:
Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia,Hawaii,Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,Michigan,Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey,New Mexico,New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin,Wyoming


text:
You are currently on: EDUC 104G Sport in Society
EDUC 104G Sport in Society
EDUC 104G | Open | Summer School 2021 | City Campus | 15 points
This interdisciplinary course critically examines the socio-cultural, political and economic significance of sport within Aotearoa/New Zealand.
Sport serves as a major socialising agent for young New Zealanders. It has a symbiotic relationship with the media, shapes 'our' national identity, and has significant economic impact. Sport has, however, also been linked to various social costs and the entrenchment of various social divisions and inequities.
This course will draw from scholars in different faculties and departments to understand how sport is embedded in people's lives, constitutes identities and associated relations of power, and is closely connected to all major spheres of social life. This course, accordingly, uses sport as an exemplary site for examining the complex ways in which New Zealanders negotiate understandings of self, ethnicity, gender, sexualities, national identity, health, and lifestyle.
Note: because you can not take a General Education course in a subject that appears elsewhere in your degree, students in programmes that require them to take EDUCATION courses e.g. BA in Education, BEdTchg, BEd(TESOL) and BSportHPE, can not meet their General Education requirements using EDUC 104G.
Students who successfully complete this course will gain an understanding of this interdisciplinary field of study, including its knowledge and theoretical bases, associated methodologies and contemporary issues and debates.
The socio-cultural importance of sport
Sport and identities
Sport and social issues
Sport, politics and consumerism


text:
<?php

namespace NicMart\Building\Native;

use NicMart\Building\AbstractBuilder;

class ArrayBuilder extends AbstractBuilder
{
    /**
     * @param callable $callback
     * @param array $building
     */
    public function __construct(callable $callback = null, array $building = [])
    {
        return parent::__construct($callback, $building);
    }

    /**
     * @param mixed $value
     *
     * @return $this|ValueBuilder
     */
    public function push($value = null)
    {
        if (isset($value)) {
            $this->building[] = $value;
            return $this;
        }

        return new static($this->getPushCallback());
    }

    /**
     * @return ObjectBuilder
     */
    public function object($class)
    {
        return new ObjectBuilder($class, $this->getPushCallback());
    }

    /**
     * @param string|int $key
     * @param mixed $value
     *
     * @return $this|ValueBuilder
     */
    public function set($key, $value = null)
    {
        if (isset($value)) {
            $this->building[$key] = $value;
            return $this;
        }

        return new static($this->getSetCallback($key));
    }

    private function getPushCallback()
    {
        return function($val) {
            $this->building[] = $val;
            return $this;
        };
    }

    private function getSetCallback($key)
    {
        return function($val) use ($key) {
            $this->building[$key] = $val;
            return $this;
        };
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Updated February, 2018 to reflect updates to the various blogs mentioned. Enjoy!
I probably have 50 or so in my RSS reader right now. When I decided to make this blog post I thought it would be a bad idea to list every single blog that I follow. Needless to say, I had a really hard time narrowing it down to my top 7 blogs that will make you rich.
Out of all of the blogs that I read, I think Pat's is my absolute favorite. The thing that I love most about Pat's blog is that he is so genuine and transparent. If he does something that works really well for him, he tells you about it. If he does something fails miserably for him, he'll tell you about that too. His life is pretty much an open book.
Make sure you check out Pat's monthly income reports. In these reports, Pat breaks down every single thing that generated an income for him in the previous month with lessons to take away from his triumphs and failures from that month.
If Pat is my favorite blog to read each month, Michael is definitely an extremely close second. I think the thing that I like most about Michael is how blunt he can be. He has no problem calling out people who he thinks are doing things wrong and praising the people doing things the right way. He's also one of those guys who won't hold back. If he learns of a strategy that works for him, he has no problem sharing it with his readers. That's what a blog should be about… No holding anything back or only giving you bits and pieces of something. Michael shares it all.
ProBlogger was one of the first blogs that I ever read. Before I even knew what WordPress was, I was introduced to Darren's blog. It was the first site that I ever came across that made the idea of creating an income from blogging actually possible in my mind. I didn't know that it was possible and discovering ProBlogger.net flipped that switch in my head.
If you've ever dreamt of making a full time living from blogging, you need to have Darren's blog in your RSS feed reader. There are new tips and tricks posted every single day that will improve your blog. You will learn monetization techniques, traffic techniques, search engine optimization, social networking, ideas for creating content, how to overcome writer's block, and so much more. It's basically become an encyclopedia for everything blogging.
Andrew's site is awesome! Andrew committed himself to doing one interview per day, every day… and he's managed to keep up with it for nearly two years! All of the interviews that he's done have been compiled in to an, easy to navigate, video blog over at Mixergy.com. He's landed some pretty amazing interviews too! Gary Vaynerchuk, Seth Godin, Matt Mullenweg, Tim Ferriss, Darren Rowse, and so much more.
The thing that makes Andrew's site stand out above the rest is his willingness to dig deeper with the people he's interviewing and ask the tough questions that most interviewers wouldn't ask. He doesn't take affiliate commissions for any products by any of the people he interviews so you know that there are never any ulterior motives to his questions.
Copyblogger is one of the most popular marketing blogs on the internet. The focus of Copyblogger is mostly copywriting and beefing up your writing skills. Want to write better blog posts, learn how to create a sales letter that converts, or write emails that get peoples attention? Copyblogger is a damn good place to start!
Copyblogger has been around for quite a while now. This means that it's another one of those "encyclopedia" type blogs. I constantly refer to this site when I need to write a sales letter or have writer's block trying to write an email. I pretty much always find what I'm looking for.
I've always said that if there are any two skills that you can learn to be successful, they would be search engine optimization and copywriting. SEO gets you the traffic and copywriting gets you the sales. Studying the heck out of Copyblogger will definitely help you improve your skills in the first half of that equation. Learn to persuade people with your writing and you can sell anything you want… Need I say more?
Justin Brooke is someone that I actually discovered quite a while ago. Back when I was studying website and blog flipping (something I still do from time to time). At the time, he was pretty much the top dog in the site-flip niche. To be honest, I'm not quite sure where he stands anymore in the site flipping arena anymore. I haven't studied that model in a while because I feel that I've developed a system that works well (more on that later).
What I do know is that Justin's blog at AdSkills.com has some of the most forward-thinking traffic strategies I've ever seen. With each new post I'm amazed at the strategies that he's discussing. As soon as I think I've got all the traffic strategies nailed down, Justin introduces me to something new.
It's been said many times… If you've got traffic, you can make money. Well there are very few people that understand traffic like Justin. I guarantee that a quick flip through his site will land you some new traffic strategies that you've never even comprehended before. Get your monetized blog up and running and then soak up all the tactics Justin teaches and you'll be well on your way.
Ramit's blog at IWillTeachYouToBeRich.com was the first blog that I ever started reading. Back when I was a finance major in college, I loved learning Ramit's personal financial management tips. He teaches you about saving, investing, managing debt, credit card tricks, and various other "money hacks". He is the guy that you learn from when you want to figure out how to keep more of the money that you make as well as grow it through smart-investing and strategic use of credit cards and debt.
He's moved in to teaching a bit about blogging and creating online products now as well but his core niche is managing personal finance. He even wrote a New York Times bestseller entitled "I Will Teach You To Be Rich".
Well Ramit's blog is called I Will Teach You To Be Rich… So right there you know you're on a blog that's pointing you in the right direction.
So many marketers make decent money and then blow it on extravagant cars or toys that they have no need for. Personally, I like to figure out new ways to make my money work for me. I like to save, invest, and make my money work for me. Ramit will point you in the right direction for this sort of thing.
Are there any bloggers that you recommend? This is a very small sampling of blogs I read consistently… I'd love to hear your input and get some insights in to your favorite bloggers. Let me know in the private community.
Also… If you like this post, please "Like" it, "Tweet" it, +1 it or whatever you like to do to show people you like a post.
I'm familiar with and a reader of all the ones you listed except Mixergy. Thanks for bringing it to my attention. I'm excited to listen to some of the interviews. Hopefully they can be downloaded to my ipod – or better yet are a podcast in iTunes.
I just recently discovered Mixergy when my business partner, Josh, was asked to do an interview there. I checked out the site and was absolutely amazed at the amount of interviews and the quality of the questions. Definitely worth checking out!
All the interviews are in both mp3 and video so you can definitely listen in the car. (That's what I do).
Great! NOw I got more to learn… How do we keep up with it all? Talk about walking and chewing gum at the same time. Anyway, this is a great list and I will deffinately be adding them to my feed.
I'd set up a Google Reader account and get all of your favorite blogs loaded up in there. It makes it super simple to keep up with everyone and all of the latest techniques.
I am here from WPC and agree with Ryan K… how to ingest all the information. I find myself going around in circles trying to figure it all out and piece it all together. I just started using google reader and will get through all your recommended blogs and will be adding them. It seems like the more I learn the more I need to learn. Not a bad thing as I love learning. The good news is that I know I am building a solid foundation in an industry that will not go away, but only grow. Glad I found WPC and am on track to earning!
I have now saved all of these links to check out later. I do have a couple blogs that I follow pretty regularly, but mainly in particular niches.
I guess it is time to expand into to business side of things and MAKING MONEY!
Wow, I've got some catching up to do! Justin is the only blogger whose name I recognize. Thanks for sharing – and for adding to my reading list.
It is very difficult to nail down a list like that with so many great blogs on the web. However, you did a great job. I'm very used to seeing JohnChow, ShoeMoney, etc., so your list is refreshing. Later.
When I first got in to blogging, I used to read John Chow and Shoemoney. I've actually had the opportunity to meet and have a couple drinks with Shoemoney on a couple occasions now.
The problem for me with those blogs is that I feel they've lost their way a little bit. The blogs seem to be more about what they are up to and the cool things they get to do than actual actionable advice. There's the occasional gem but they seem to be getting farther and farther apart.
Great list Matt – Big fan of Ramit's and of course Patt Flynn. One of my buddies Shane Melaugh is doing some good stuff at imimpact.com, too – I reckon he'd be in that top 7!
Thanks for the recommendation. I'll definitely take a look.
Interesting that all seven bloggers you mentioned in your post are all unfamiliar to me. I read probably only a dozen or so blogs as my time is limited and there so much duplication out there.
However I am always open to new blogs if there offer quality information.
Thanks for info on the bloggers, I give them a try.
A couple of these guys I just recently discovered and I couple I've been following for years. I started reading Ramit's blog back in about 2005 I believe.
Who do you currently read? I'm interested to find more blogs that people are finding useful.
This is an excellent article. What makes this article great is that it takes advantage of the internet by having links to 7 other websites with information that we are interested in. Also it is your 7 best out of many different ones. This article is rich in resources.
Google reader is great. Everyone should add their favorite blogs in there. It keeps it so easy to keep everything organized.
This 7 blogs are resourceful . Thank for the sharing. I've bookmark it all for later viewing.
Problogger and Copyblogger are two I've followed since first getting interested in online marketing. Couple of others on your list I hadn't come across so they'll be great additions. There are of course many self serving blogs out there these days so one has to be selective otherwise too much time spent reading means no work gets done.
Excellent post Matt. The only one that I think really deserves a mention here is Glen Allsopp from ViperChill blog. But yeah – there are a lot of great blogs around.
I'll check out Glen's blog. I don't believe I've visited that one before.
Wow! If you haven't read http://viperchill.com yet by Glen Allsopp then you are in for a treat. I love that you mentioned me, but Glen really deserves that spot more than I do.
We've done well with SITEFling but had some wobbly legs in the beginning. Been researching and planning things for almost 6 months now and ready to take my shot at the throne. Look for some good things coming very soon.
Believe me Paul, these are all extraordinary blogs. I love reading copyblogger and income diary. I also enjoy Viperchill.com, it's a great blog to be in and has a lot of helpful resources for beginners, intermediate and experts.
This is a great listing, I'm glad you took time out to make this a success.
Great suggestions. I have found Matt Carter and Mark Lindays blog very informative and offer tons of teachings..
I follow most of these already and am pleased you've included a couple I've not come across before.
Like you, Pat Flynn is my favourite. I read Pat for inspiration. He's smart, generous and transparent. And I enjoy Copyblogger for the sheer range of writing tips.
Yaro Starak of Entrepreneurs-Journey.com was an early favourite of mine and his free Blog Profits Blueprint is still, in my opinion, the best instruction manual for bloggers wanting to make money.
There are others that land in my inbox who are good but if I try and read them all, all the time, I forget about that other important criterion for success – action!
Informative!! Thank you for sharing. I have heard of a couple of these bloggers, but you opened the door to more…thank you.
I knew of all of them except for your #1 choice – Pat Flynn.
I read a lot of blogs and truly, this was the first time I've heard of him. Now I have another new blog to read!
I have visited ProBlogger and CopyBlogger but hadn't heard of the others. I follow Garry Parkes and Gary Simpson.
Will certainly go look at the others, I like people who tell it like it is.
Being a beginner, I have a lot to learn yet. (Bought your WSO today and learned a lot from that) Didn't know about Google reader either so will check that out.
I think CopyBlogger really is the most germain topic here. Rather than swirling around regurgitated and rewarmed get-rich-quick guru-speak for the desperate – you can find something of real value in your own mental cupboard, figure out who needs that and let them know about it using the exact words your target audience will understand!
Good to meet you man. First time visitor popped over from Kim's blog. These 7 blogs are awesome! I have to agree I'm a regular at IncomeDiary and read SPI through my email RSS.
Where it's possible to have a cartoon avatar like yours please?
Check out Gravatar.com to set that up.
Hmm i hope you do not get annoyed with this question, but how much does a blog like yours earn?
No I meant your funny cartoon character. Where it's possible to have it for my blog please ?
Your character in the header, more precisely.
Thanks for a thoroughly informative post Matt. Another one worthy of mention is Alex Whalley of Build Rank Profit..So many though from which to choose…decisions, decisions!


text:
Thin Films and Criticality
Model and Method
Multiple-Histogram Technique
The Case of Films with Finite Thickness
In this chapter, we study the critical behavior of magnetic thin films as a function of the film thickness. We use the ferromagnetic Ising model with the high-resolution multiple histogram Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. We show that though the 2D behavior remains dominant at small thicknesses, there is a systematic continuous deviation of the critical exponents from their 2D values. We explain these deviations using the concept of "effective" exponents suggested by Capehart and Fisher [53] in a finite-size analysis. The shift of the critical temperature with the film thickness obtained here by MC simulation is in excellent agreement with their prediction.
In the second part of the chapter, we show the crossover of the phase transition from first to second order in the frustrated Ising FCC antiferromagnetic film. This crossover occurs when the film thickness Nz is smaller than a value between 2 and 4 FCC lattice cells. The results are obtained with the high-performance Wang-Landau flat histogram technique, which allows to determine the first-order transition with efficiency.
The results shown in this chapter have been published in Refs. [270,271].
Physics of Magnetic Thin Films: Theory and Simulation Hung T. Diep
Copyright © 2021 Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd.
ISBN 978-981-4877-42-8 (Hardcover), 978-1-003-12110-7 (eBook) www.jennystanford.com
During the past 30 years, the physics of surfaces and objects of nanometric size has attracted immense interest. This is due to important applications in industiy [36, 374]. An example is the so-called giant magneto-resistance (GMR) used in data storage devices, magnetic sensors, ... [18, 22, 134, 345]. In parallel to these experimental developments, much theoretical effort [35, 72, 73] has been devoted to the search of physical mechanisms lying behind the new properties found in nanoscale objects such as ultrathin films, ultrafine particles, quantum dots, spintronic devices, etc. This effort aimed not only at providing explanations for experimental observations but also at predicting new effects for future experiments.
The physics of two-dimensional (2D) systems is very exciting. Some of those 2D systems can be exactly solved: One famous example is the Ising model on the square lattice which has been solved by Onsager [265]. This model shows a phase transition at a finite temperature Tc given by sinh2(2///cB7Y) = 1 where J is the nearest-neighbor (NN) interaction. Another interesting result is the absence of long-range ordering at finite temperatures for the continuous spin models (XY and Heisenberg models) in 2D [231]. In general, three-dimensional (3D) systems for any spin models cannot be unfortunately solved. However, several methods in the theoiy of phase transitions and critical phenomena can be used to calculate the critical behaviors of these systems [380].
This chapter deals with the question of criticality in thin films, namely systems between 2D and 3D. Many theoretical studies have been devoted to thermodynamic properties of thin films, magnetic multilayers, ... [35, 72, 79, 80, 87, 252]. In spite of this, several points are still not yet understood. It has been known since a long time ago that the presence of a surface in magnetic materials can give rise to surface spin waves which are localized in the vicinity of the surface [78]. These localized modes may be acoustic with a low- lying energy or optical with a high energy, in the spin wave spectrum. Low-lying energy modes contribute to reduce in general surface magnetization at finite temperatures. One of the consequences is the surface disordering which may occur at a temperature lower than that for interior magnetization [75]. The existence of low- lying surface modes depends on the lattice structure, the surface orientation, the surface parameters, surface conditions [impurities, roughness,..etc. There are two interesting cases: In the first case, a surface transition occurs at a temperature distinct from that of the interior spins, and in the second case, the surface transition coincides with the interior one, i.e., existence of a single transition. Theoiy of critical phenomena at surfaces [35, 72] and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations [200, 201] of critical behavior of the surface-layer magnetization at the extraordinary transition in the 3D Ising model have been carried out. These works suggested several scenarios in which the nature of the surface transition and the transition in thin films depends on many factors in particular on the symmetiy of the Hamiltonian and on surface parameters.
In Chapters 9 and 10 while studying the frustration effects in thin films, we have calculated some critical exponents in those frustrated thin films. We found that the critical exponents have values somewhere between 2D and 3D universality classes. However, due to the presence of the frustration in those cases, we did not make a firm conclusion that the deviation of the critical exponents from the 2D values results uniquely from the film thickness. The work presented in this chapter is, therefore, performed on a ferromagnetic Ising thin film without frustration.
We confine ourselves here to the case of a simple cubic film with the Ising model. For our purpose, we suppose all interactions are the same everywhere even at the surface. This case is the simplest case where there is no surface-localized spin wave modes and there is only a single phase transition at a temperature for the whole system [no separate surface phase transition) [75, 78]. Other complicated cases will be left for future investigations. However, some discussions on this point for complicated surfaces have been reported in some of our previous papers [248, 249] and presented in Chapters 9 and 10.
In the case of a simple cubic film with the Ising model, Capehart and Fisher have studied the critical behavior of the susceptibility using a finite-size scaling analysis [53]. They showed that there is a crossover from 2D to 3D behavior as the film thickness increases. The so-called "effective" exponent у has been shown to vary according to a scaling function depending both on the film thickness and the distance to the transition temperature. As will be seen below, the scaling suggested by Capehart and Fisher is in agreement with what we find here using extensive MC simulations.
We investigate in this chapter how the film thickness affects the critical exponents of the film as seen in simulations. Whatever the interpretation will be, the apparent deviations of the critical exponents from their 2D values are probably also seen in experiments. To carry out these purposes, we shall use MC simulations with highly accurate multiple-histogram technique presented in Chapter 6 (see original papers in Refs. [50,110, 111]).
Section 16.2 is devoted to a description of the model and method. Results are shown and discussed in Section 16.3. Section 16.4 shows the crossover of the transition from the first-order the second-order order when the film thickness decreases. Concluding remarks are given in Section 16.5.
Let us consider the Ising spin model on a film made from a ferromagnetic simple cubic lattice. The size of the film is L x L x Nz. We apply the periodic boundary conditions (PBC) in the xy planes to simulate an infinite xy dimension. The z direction is limited by the film thickness Nz. If Nz = 1 then one has a 2D square lattice.
The Hamiltonian is given by
where J2(i,j) indicates the sum over the NN spin pairs Gj.
In the following, the interaction between two NN surface spins is denoted by Js, while all other interactions are supposed to be ferromagnetic and all equal to ] = 1 for simplicity. Let us note in passing that in the semi-infinite ciystal the surface phase transition occurs at the bulk transition temperature when
_/s~1.52/. This point is called "extraordinary phase transition" which is characterized by some particular critical exponents [200, 201]. In the case of thin films, i. e. the thickness Nz is finite, not equal to 1, it has been theoretically shown that when Js = 1 the bulk behavior is observed when the thickness becomes larger than a few dozens of atomic layers [78]: Surface effects are insignificant on thermodynamic properties such as the value of the critical temperature and the mean value of magnetization at a given T. When Js is smaller than J, surface magnetization is destroyed at a temperature lower than that for bulk spins [75] [see Chapter 8). The criticality of a film with uniform interaction, i.e., ]s = ], has been studied by Capehart and Fisher as a function of the film thickness using a scaling analysis [53] and by MC simulations [55, 309]. The results by Capehart and Fisher indicate that as long as the film thickness is finite, the phase transition is strictly that of the 2D Ising universality class. However, they showed that at a temperature away from the transition temperature TC(NZ), the system can behave as a 3D one when the spin-spin correlation length £(T) is much smaller than the film thickness, i.e., %[T)/NZ <£ 1. As T gets very close to TC(NZ), %[T)/Nz -> 1, the system undergoes a crossover to 2D criticality. We will return to this work for comparison with our results shown below.
The multiple-histogram technique is known to reproduce with very high accuracy the critical exponents of second order phase transitions [50,110,111]. We recall it briefly here.
The overall probability distribution [111] at temperature T obtained from n independent simulations, each with Nj configurations, is given by
The thermal average of a physical quantity A is then calculated by in which
Thermal averages of physical quantities are thus calculated as continuous functions of T, now the results should be valid over a much wider range of temperature than for any single histogram.
In MC simulations, one calculates the averaged order parameter (M) (M: magnetization of the system), averaged total energy {E), specific heat Cv, susceptibility y, first-order cumulant of the energy CUt and nth-order cumulant of the order parameter Vn for n = 1 and 2. These quantities are defined as
Let us discuss the case where all dimensions can go to infinity. For example, consider a system of size Ld where d is the space dimension. For a finite L, the pseudo "transition" temperatures can
be identified by the maxima of Cv and y,____These maxima do not
in general take place at the same temperature. Only at infinite Lthat the pseudo "transition" temperatures of these respective quantities coincide at the real transition temperature Гс(оо). So when we work at the maxima of V", Cv and у, we are in fact working at temperatures away from Tc(oo). This is an important point to bear in mind for the discussion given below.
For large values of L, the following scaling relations are expected (see details in Ref. [50]):
at their respective "transition" temperatures TC(L), and and
where A, C0, Ci and CA are constants. We estimate v independently from K1max and k2max. With this value we calculate у from уmax and a from C™ax. Note that we can estimate 7V(oo) using the last expression. Then, using Tc(oo), we can calculate fi from MTc(oo)- The Rushbrooke scaling law a + + у = 2 is then in principle verified.
Let us emphasize that the expressions Eqs. (16.11)-(16.16) are valid for large L. To be sure that Lare large enough, one has to allow for corrections to scaling of the form, for example,
where f?b B2, Dx and D2 are constants and u> is a correction exponent [112]. Similar forms exist also for the other exponents. Usually, these corrections are extremely small if L is large enough as is the case with today's large-memory computers. So, in general they do not alter the results using Eqs. (16.11)-(16.16).
In the case of a thin film of size Lx Lx Nz, Capehart and Fisher [53] have showed that as long as the film thickness Nz is not allowed to go to infinity, there is a 2D-3D crossover if one does not work at the real transition temperature TC[L = oo, Nz). Following Capehart and Fisher, let us define
where v3D is the 3D о exponent and TC(3D) the 3D critical temperature. When x is larger than a value xo, i.e., at a temperature away from TC(L = oo, Nz), the system behaves as a 3D one. While, when x < x0 it should behave as a 2D one. This crossover was argued from a comparison of the correlation length in the z direction to the film thickness. As a consequence, if we work exactly at TC{L = oo, Nz) we should observe the 2D critical exponents for finite Nz. Otherwise, we should observe the so-called "effective critical exponents" whose values are found between those of 2D and 3D cases. This point is fundamentally very important. There have been some attempts to verify it by MC simulations [309] but these results were not convincing due to their poor MC quality. In the following, we show with high-precision MC multiple-histogram technique that the prediction of Capehart and Fisher is really verified.
Thin Film Hydration
It is based on the aqueous rehydration of thin phospholipid films which have been initially dissolved in an appropriate organic solvent (e.g., chloroform) and then subjected to solvent evaporation. Afterward, the dehydrated film is being hydrated in an appropriate buffer solution that contains the hydrophilic...
(Nanoencapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Principles and Applications)
Interface Energy and Interfacial Tension in Thin Films
In colloid and interface science, particles can lower the interfacial tension and can form various self-assembled structures in the interface [25] . Due to a reduction of the organic-water interface area, the assembly of NP leads to reduction in the free energy of the system [26] . According to the pioneering...
(Polymers and Nanomaterials From Liquid-Liquid Interfaces INTERFACES : synthesis, self-organisation and... applications)
ODE Model Fitting Methods
Least Squares Approaches In this section, we adopt the same assumption as (11.12) and formulate the statistical ODE model as The parameter vector 0 is unknown and has to be estimated based on experimental data. Each component of 0 could be either constant or time varying. The error term s(t) is...
(Quantitative Methods for HIV/AIDS Research)
The Model or Method of Treatment and the Assumptions Behind It
Laura realizes that there are dozens, no hundreds, of different approaches to helping. All claim to be effective. But, as mentioned earlier, she can use the problem- management framework to suggest methods and treatments drawn from a wide range of approaches. But in her practice this isn't a "let's-try-this-and-see-what-happens"...
(The Skilled Helper: A Problem-Management and Opportunity-Development Approach to Helping)
Models and methods
When contemplating how I would develop and present the models and methods, I looked to Bruscia's (1987) seminal book Improvisational Models of Music Therapy for inspiration. I thought there was merit in describing and framing methods of practice according to the orientation of the practitioner,...
(Therapeutic Songwriting: Developments in Theory, Methods, and Practice)
Teaching Additive Inverse through a Part-Whole Model
Scenario Imagine you are a first-grade teacher. How will you teach the following fact family to your students during their initial learning? 5+3= 8-3= 3+5= 8-5= 1 What is the big idea that you will expect students to understand? 2 What representations will you use during teaching?...
(Teaching Early Algebra through Example-Based Problem Solving: Insights from Chinese and U.S. Elementary Classrooms)
Teaching Additive Inverse through a Comparison Model
Scenario A second-grade teacher blogged about the six big feelings she experienced—frustration, self-doubt, anxiety, anger, terror, and remorse—when teaching comparison problems using a tape diagram (Vanduzer, 2017). The problem she had taught stated, "Shawn and James had a contest to...
Teaching Multiplicative Inverse through an Equal-groups Model
Scenario Imagine you are a third-grade teacher and your students have learned the equal-groups meaning of multiplication. Now, you start teaching them division word problems as listed in the CCSS tabic (Tabic 3.1, top row, middle and right): If 18 plums arc shared equally into If 18 plums are...
The multiple-histogram technique is known to reproduce with very high accuracy the critical exponents of second-order phase transitions [50, 111], It is more complicated to be implemented because we have to realize many histograms in independent simulations, but it gives much better results in difficult...
(Physics of Magnetic Thin Films: Theory and Simulation)
What Techniques and Methods Are Used by Operations Analysis?
The techniques associated with these processes are varied, but basically involve police records, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) data, and several qualitative research methods. Analysts who perform operations analysis tasks may begin by looking at the calls for service and raw data from the department's...
Case II: Two Rooms with Irregular Walls of 1 m Thickness
In this case, two rooms have an inadequate irregularly-shaped design, i.e., the room has more than 4 sides, as illustrated in Fig. 3. Concrete was the used material for cost reduction. The internal clear spaces were 7.8 m x 7.8 for the two rooms. It was required to re-shield these rooms to meet the shielding...
(Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering)
Home Mathematics


If you have a need to add a single sound effect to a micro project, a ISD1820 voice module board may be a good answer. These boards can record a single audio sample of up to 20 seconds using a built-in microphone and will play back the sample on demand with good fidelity. These are available on eBay for around US$6 and they're easily interfaced to a micro board. The ISD1820 chip can drive a small speaker directly or an amplifier may be used for higher volume levels.
Interfacing the ISD1820 is simple. There are two playback modes. The first is edge triggered; a positive pulse to the Playback-E pin triggers the module to play the entire message once. The second method, level triggered, will play the recording while it is high, and stop playing when it is low. Perhaps you want to have a low temperature alarm to monitor your pipes. Using the edge trigger, a pulse would cause the entire message to be played once: "Warning. Temperature is below freezing."
There is a slight complication in interfacing this to a 5 volt micro. The recommended operating voltage is 2.7v - 4.5v. 1N4148 diodes may be added between the mico and the Vcc and Playback-E pins on the IDS1820 board.
The only way to record audio into this module is via the microphone; there is no option to load data digitially. Recording is it simple though. Press the record button and speak or play a wave file through a speaker. Release the button and the sound is saved.
The ISD1820 chips are available for about a buck a piece on eBay and the circuit is pretty simple if you want to include the circuit on a board of your own design. The data sheet is available here. More information is available on the ElecFreaks website.
Only one complaint about this module...there are no mounting holes on the circuit board!


"The goal of education is not to increase the amount of knowledge but to create the possibilities for a child to invent and discover, to create men and women who are capable of doing new things." said Jean Piaget, a pioneer in his work on child development.
Since the very first day we opened our doors for children and youngsters at BONEVET, our ideal, our main objective was to involve as many people as possible in our activities, guided by experienced mentors through the path of finding their talent and learning new skills.
Thus, we truly believe education is the only righteous road for children to follow in order to reach their full potential. Yet many of them in our country do not receive the education they deserve to learn and develop, where science and technology seem difficult and boring due to lack of commitment and consecration.
On the other hand, our fully-completed makerspace strives every minute to create the conditions where youngsters starting from the age of 6 can tinker, explore and confront themselves with skills and knowledge available to their mates in developed countries, and more. Through the process of discovery, they are able to invent, to change their lives for good, breaking the location barriers. They are having fun doing it, and they are getting really good at it.
"I come at BONEVET to learn, create and play with littleBits, which I found difficult to learn in the beginning, but now it seems so easy." – says Arnisa, 10 years old.
Arnisa and many classmates of hers, during their time at BONEVET learned robotics through practicing and playing. Important concepts like electricity, commanding digital devices, and programming were introduced to them using the factor of having fun and making their favorite games, characters or instruments. The video below shows her on a tutorial how to create a lamp that can be turned on or off from her hands-clap.
Every children, especially girls love ballerinas, and use them as an inspiration to create many projects. Adora is one of them, and she decided she wants to use ballerinas differently in her project. She created a game using Scratch Programming, which is played using a web-camera to control the dancing and fall of ballerinas.
"At BONEVET I learned how to create computer games. I did not need any previous knowledge, I learned everything while following classes and doing projects here." – Says Adora, 8 years old.
You can see Adora and her game in the video below.
Bleart is only 13 years old, an annual member of our makerspace. Last year, he created a project for blind people to orientate themselves around the environment and surprised everybody in winning the first prize at ICT Awards in the "Rising Star" category. He loves tinkering and playing with different gadgets. His hobby now are Smart Homes. Using littleBits, a smart button and a lamp (created entirely at BONEVET, but we will tell you that story another time), he connected them together so with a push of a button, the lamp can be turned on from distance. You can watch his presentation from the video below, and I am sure you will hear from him soon again.
With the force of change that follows these youngsters, empowering them is crucial in advancing education, and with that contributing directly to innovation, a pillar in any country's economy and development. Some of our early members are now making an electric car, so be sure to wait for Arnisa, Adora and Bleart doing something awesome and incredible soon.


Merge cells and undo, the referenced cell does not update after undo. Please see the attached file.
Or could it be that I choose a different merge style?
Cor, I don't know what you are doing different. With current 5.2.0.4 it's still the same.
(different installation) I can reproduce the problem.
Works in 4.1.0.4, not in 4.2.0.4.
Just a missing broadcaster for changed cells in the undo action.
Review requests for 5-2 and 5-1 are in gerrit.


Whether hand-honing your razor is an art you have not yet mastered or a chore you prefer not to do, we will do it for you. We do our very finest work with your understanding and patience. We will hone your straight razor and restore its shaving sharp edge using the same time-honored and proven Hand-Honing, Lapping, and Stropping Techniques employed by professional barbers for over 600 years. Only by shaving with a properly sharpened razor can one appreciate the optimal quality, comfort, and closeness of a straight razor shave.
Your razor(s) will be in the repair shop for 5-10 days. After sharpening we will return your shave-ready razor(s) directly to you by mail. (Please understand that shipping time to and from the sharpening service is not included in this time estimate.) We highly recommend choosing a shipping method with tracking information available when shipping your razor to us. Shipping to us is not included in the cost of this sharpening service.
If your razor will require any additional time for honing, we will contact you regarding additional charges.
If you live too far you can always send your knives via Royal Mail Special Delivery. This service is extremely popular and has a three working day turnaround time from posting and receiving back your knives. Just follow these three simple steps and soon your dull old kitchen knives will be returned to you in pristine razor sharp condition.
1. Please contact us for a quote and we will send you our payment details.
2. Pack the knives securely with plenty of padding.
3. Remember to include a pre paid Special Delivery envelope in with your knives. Alternatively, you can add the return cost of Special delivery to your PayPal payment or included cheque.
Please be aware that if your return postage is insufficient then knives will be returned via standard uninsured royal mail delivery at your own risk.