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School of Human Evolution and Social Change
Anthropology BA Also offered online
Anthropology BS
Applied Math for the Life and Social Sciences BS
Global Health BA Also offered online
Anthropology PhD
Applied Math for the Life and Social Sciences PhD
Environmental Social Science PhD
Global Health PhD
Global Health MA
Museum Studies MA
Minors and Certificates
Anthropology Minor
Global Health Minor
Social Science Research Methods Undergraduate Certificate
Immigration Studies Certificate
Museum Studies Certificate
Why SHESC?
Laboratories and Field Stations
Adaptation, Behavior, Culture and Society
Center for Archaeology and Society
Center for Bioarchaeological Research
Center for Digital Antiquity
Center for Evolution and Medicine
Center for Social Dynamics and Complexity
Global Impact Collaboratory
Institute of Human Origins
Simon A. Levin Mathematical, Computational and Modeling Sciences Center
Teotihuacan Research Laboratory
Research Apprenticeships
Research Symposium
Scheduling, Courses & Curricula
Early Start
Graduate Experience
Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve
Innovation Gallery
Faculty Blogs
Open Wednesday-Saturday
Last admission to trail at 1:15 p.m.
Closed Sunday, Monday and Tuesday
Service animals only
Trail is not ADA accessible
3711 W. Deer Valley Road
Sonoran Summer Special in July
Join us for docent-led tours in July!
(Tour included with admission)
Wednesday Tours:
8:30 a.m. - July 17, 24 and 31
Saturday Sunrise Tours:
7 a.m. - July 13, 20 and 27
Adobe Dam/Hedgpeth Hills Archaeological Investigation
In 1980, the Museum of Northern Arizona's (MNA), Archaeologist, J. Simon Bruder was contracted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to conduct archaeological investigations at the Hedgpeth Hills petroglyph site prior to the construction of the Adobe Dam.
Bruder giving a tour at a Deer Valley excavation site in 1980.
Mano found at the Deer Valley site on exhibit at the preserve.
A pottery shard found at the Deer Valley site on exhibit at the preserve.
Field work lasted three months resulting in an archaeological investigation report. The report documented findings that noted the Hedgpeth site contains 579 glyph-bearing boulders located within six spatially discrete clusters. Over 1500 individual design elements were recorded and a petroglyph typology developed with this information; as well as various descriptive attributes concerning the data collected. Design elements were divided into 37 major types with 143 varieties. The majority of elements were crudely pecked with linear designs. Curvilinear abstractions predominate with lesser numbers of rectilinear designs and representational motifs. Manipulation of computerized information is used for both descriptive and analytical purposes. Several efforts to deal with the Hedgpeth material from a temporal perspective were attempted.
The investigation indicated that there were three distinct groups that utilized this area: The Western Archaic tradition (5000 BC- 300 AD), the Hohokam (300-1450 AD) and the Patayan (300-1450 AD) cultures. This site was thought to be used by people traveling between southern and northern settlements, who stopped to manufacture tools and establish a small settlement.
The Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve was established through an agreement between federal, state, county and city partnerships. The Adobe Dam was built following the conclusion of the Bruder's study, by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to control flooding along Skunk Creek. The dam, the land, and the building are the property of Flood Control District of Maricopa County. The School of Human Evolution and Social Change at Arizona State University continues to operate, protect and preserve the site since 1994.
Original excavation reports, maps and photographs can be found at Digital Antiquity, on the Digital Archaeological Record (tDAR).
Research Display: Roosevelt Platform Mound Study
Currently on display at the preserve is an overview of the Roosevelt Platform Mound Study that was conducted by the Arizona State University Office of Cultural Resource Management from 1989-1997. The display includes data references, archaeological photos and a reconstructed Tonto Polychrome jar.
A large reconstructed Tonto Polychrome pot on display at the preserve.
In April of 1989, the Arizona State University Office of Cultural Resource Management was contracted by the Bureau of Reclamation to research and investigate the prehistory of the Tonto Basin within the vicinity of the Theodore Roosevelt Dam. The Tonto Basin is located in an area of southwestern Arizona that was part of a rapid expansion of new cultural markers that archaeologists refer to as the 'Salado Phenomenon'. Between A.D. 1280 to 1450, local populations in this region faced increasing migration by peoples displaced by economic and ecological pressures. Local and immigrant peoples merged their ceramic styles, architecture, and other cultural expressions together, resulting in a new hybrid culture, referred to as the Salado.
Conducted by Dr. Arleyn Simon, Dr. Glen Rice, David Jacobs, and Owen Lindauer, the Roosevelt project investigated a total of 130 sites within the Tonto Basin over a span of eight years. These sites were grouped into four complexes: Pinto Creek Complex, Rock Island Complex, Uplands Complex, and the Cline Terrace Complex - the Cline Terrace Complex being the focus of the research on display at Deer Valley.
Research at the Cline Terrace Complex has been used to better understand how these different communities were connected. The researchers analyzed the iconography and technology of ceramic wares found within the site and noted different regional styles used together to create new ceramic styles - most notably, the Salado Polychromes. A reconstructed Tonto Polychrome jar from the Tonto Basin can be seen at Deer Valley.
The researchers also looked at how public space was used in ritual context. Cline Terrace adopted the architectural designs of Hohokam platform mounds and Southwestern central plazas for public and private ritual use. The individual rooms within Cline Terrace utilized similar architecture found at Sinagua and Pueblo sites in the Southwest. They concluded that Cline Terrace represents an incorporation of Hohokam and Pueblo aspects, including public religious space and regional ceramic iconography.
The research and artifacts for the Roosevelt Mound Study are preserved at the Collections Repository at the School of Human Evolution and Social Change. The Repository maintains several collections of artifacts that have been formally "accessioned" or accepted under written repository agreements, along with data, documents and other supporting materials.
The Repository curates more than 70,000 specimens from central Arizona, including materials from excavations conducted for The Bureau of Reclamation within the boundaries of Tonto National Forest connected to the Central Arizona Project and related modification projects to the Roosevelt, Bartlett, and Horseshoe Dams.
[For Employees]


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Flomotion with Nick Luscombe
01/09/2019 RFH
Broadcaster of repute Nick Luscombe brings the sounds of Flomotion to Spiritland Royal Festival Hall for his monthly Sunday residency.
As well as all the major radio outlets, Nick has also worked as both Music Editor at iTunes and Director of Music at London's Institute of Contemporary Art, and is the founder of Musicity, an international sound project that fuses music, architecture, memory and experience.
When not scouring the remote corners of musical treasure troves for sonic gold, he lectures about sound art at universities, and is an in-demand field recording and sound archive creative for installation and live work.
The Return of the Illicit Groove
01/09/2019 KC
Illicit Grooves was born in the early 90s as an event with Bob Hill and guest DJs playing 'grooves from the global leftfield'. Born from the jazz dance, acid house and rare groove scenes, the music policy has always been about playing any music with feeling.
In the 25 plus years of heading up Illicit Grooves and Across The Tracks as a DJ, radio broadcaster, music journalist, producer and promoter what keeps Bob's fires burning and what gives him the key to the world are the collaborations with other individuals and collectives on the scene.
Andrew Ashong
Spiritland Is 3
A Monday night with Andrew Ashong, playing soulful music from the heart. As well known for his DJ sets as his live performances, we are delighted to welcome him at Spiritland to kick off our third birthday week.
Piers Harrison
With a record collection that stretches out far into the wilder reaches of jazz-fusion, proto-house, wonky dub, new beat and ambient music, we're always delighted to welcome Piers back.
And it's Spiritland's Third Birthday too – join us for special offers through the week.
The DJ's DJ returns.
Lord of the dance, king of the mountain and disco deity Bill Brewster does his thing on Wednesday night for your listening pleasure.
Spiritland Selectors
Spiritland Selectors play a deep, eclectic and imaginative selection of music across the board from minimal and downtempo to rare boogie and forward-thinking electronica, always played from the heart and from the bottomless record collections of four Spiritland residents – Michelle Kelly, Sam Don, Miche and Paul Noble.
7pm - 8.30pm Paul Noble
8.30pm - 10pm - Sam Donnison
10pm - 11.30pm - Miche
11.30pm - 1am - Michelle Kelly
Martin Green & Friends
Martin is the creative force behind the pioneering club Smashing, guiding hand on over 25 compilations of soundtrack, jazz and lounge obscurities and DJ at private parties at the most happening hotspots in London and beyond.
Martin drafts in his most musical friends for an evening on the EMT 948s.
Dom Servini and Scrimshire (Wah Wah 45's)
The Wah Wah 45s head honchos Dom Servini and Scrimshire deliver a Thursday night genre-hopping selection as only they can.
Putting the love and detail back into soul, funk and reggae music with tight productions, crisp pressings and beautiful artwork, their label's tastes are a perfect match for Spiritland.
Dan Bean
A firm friend of Spiritland before it even existed, Bozak bozo Dan returns play us records new and old from his very solid collection.
Truth be told we're not entirely sure what Dan will play on this occasion, but that matters not – it's always gold.
Minus Kendal
An old head on young shoulders, weekend resident Minus returns for another session of his residency.
A weekend worker at Flashback Records and host of his own monthly radio shows on NTS and Balamii, Minus is a natural cratedigger, to be found playing anything from gospel to krautrock, disco and all stops in between.
Sophie Callis
Sophie has graced decks worldwide with her signature fusion of jazz funk, soul, boogie, disco, electro, and house.
Steadily building her repertoire, Callis has played alongside the likes of Gilles Peterson, Norman Jay and Trevor Nelson. From underground clubs and festivals to exclusive events such as the Cannes Film Festival, Monaco Grand Prix and Hotel Costes Paris, Sophie continues to make regular appearances at many reputable venues and parties worldwide.
A decade ago, Sophie joined the world's first all-female broken beat / nu-jazz collective Ladybugz, leading to a weekly show on Ministry of Sound Radio and many festival line ups. She also joined forces with Soho Radio at which she presents her weekly show 'Callis in Wonderland'.
Tony Higgins (BBE)
Tony 'Jazz Dad' Higgins plays extended and exploratory sets spanning jazz, reggae, psych, blues, soul, Americana, disco, afro and Latin.
With a background in music management and promotion, Tony also worked in TV for several years, working on landmark BBC documentaries including 'Jazz Britannia' and 'Seven Ages of Rock'. He produced a live concert film in Los Angeles with multi-Grammy winning legend Emmylou Harris and is a music consultant to several specialist record labels, providing sleeve notes and advising on deep archive reissues.
Most recently, Tony has worked closely with renowned disco/jazz//funk label BBE Music on 'J Jazz', a compilation and reissue series of Japanese jazz rarities from the 70s and 80s.
Expect to hear a greasy rhythm and blues 45 alongside some scorching funk mixed up with roots reggae and super fine jazz, plus much more.
Glenn Kitson
Sunday night is on with streetwear don and long time pal of Spiritland, Glenn – the man behind The Rig Out.
He'll dropping all manner of vinyl gems sourced from here, there and everywhere.
The WONDERFULSOUND Libraries
The WONDERFULSOUND Libraries is the DJ offshoot of record label WONDERFULSOUND, broadcasting weekly on Soho radio with a show that's becoming the staple diet of Monday mornings.
Selecting an eclectic mix of timeless music from the last hundred years to present day, WONDERFULSOUND Libraries tap into songwriting, easy-listening, library music, ambient, folk, mod-soul, jazz and more.
Ceri Preston & Miles Copeland provide the audio at this new monthly Sunday session alongside occasional superstar guests.
Anne Frankenstein
One of our favourite DJs, and one of the finest on the London circuit.
A resident at Spiritland, her strictly-vinyl sets typically feature unfathomably deep selections of disco, funk, soul, jazz, afrobeat and late-night exotica.
Vince Vella
Producer, DJ and percussionist, Vince Vella blends a deep knowledge of Afro-Cuban, and tropical rhythms with electronics.
Alongside producing he's an accomplished percussionist who's studied in Cuba and Brazil. His love for Cuba continues, where he co-produced the Havana Cultura series with Gilles Peterson, Roberto Fonseca, Simbad and dubstep pioneer Mala. He collaborates with some of the best musicians in Cuba including Julio Padron (Irakere), Danay Suarez, Changuito (Los Van Van) and Los Aldeanos.
VV has shared the decks with the likes of 4Hero, Gilles Peterson, Kenny Dope, Charlie Dark and performed at major festivals and venues like Glastonbury, Roskilde and The Barbican.
Vince has remixed Mobo award winners Sons Of Kemet and 4Hero among others, his productions have received support by the likes of Benji B, Osunlade, Gilles Peterson.
Jasper Kirton
Jasper Kirton, hailing from the south west, is a seasoned DJ & producer. His sets are exciting and eclectic explorations of jazz, soul, funk, electronic music and beyond, that combine records from digging trips around the world with a passion for spinning that began as a child.
Having made many appearances on radio stations and venues across the capital and the UK, and with time and experience both on his side, Kirton is set to continue making waves in the UK and beyond.
Geraldo Oliveira (GeraH) is an inquisitive Brazilian record collector now based in London.
Having played at a good deal of underground clubs and parties in São Paulo, he also created Laca Negra, tapping into multiple facets of soul, jazz and R&B at different bars.
Last year GeraH co-founded Dublab Brazil (Brazilian branch of Los Angeles station Dublab) with DJ Zinco and the journalist Monica Herculano.
GeraH is eager to share his collection in London, as well as his experience in production, spreading Brazilian vibes in the old continent.
Martin Green and Friends
Ambient Casserole
Marissa Cetin (Resident Advisor) and partner Tim Anderson bring their monthly show back to Spiritland, throwing in a few beats too.
Anticipate a January evening of livelier-than-ambient jazz, drone, synth and house sounds to warm the soul.
Théo Terev
Alongside Parisian crew La Mamies, Theo is an active member of Discomatin and Shibaura Sound System. Shibaura shifted his attention to London, specialising in piecing together Japanese sounds for the underground music scene, collaborating with DJs from Customs and Melodies International.
Theo is captivates – and is captivated by – his fellow dancers in the room and loves reciprocating the love and energy of his crowds.
Simon TK & Ben Fester
Australian pals Simon TK (Skylab Radio, Wax'o Paradiso) and Ben Fester (Heavenly), join forces to play on the Spiritland system.
Lucid Stannard
Resident and founder of Lucy's Disco and female-centric Womb 2, Lucid Stannard has been spreading her wings rapidly throughout the UK, Berlin, the Med and even Uganda.
Spotted by London's party heavyweights Percolate in early 2016, they gave her a slot on their stage at Secret Garden Party festival and since then she's played with the likes of John Morales, A Guy Called Gerald, Rune Lindbæk and Mark E to name a few, at parties such as Gottwood, Secret Garden Party, Festival No 6, Love International, Percolate, Future Boogie, Locomotive and the Good Life.
Siofra McComb
Wayfaring DJ Siofra McComb has lived in Rotterdam, London and now Berlin, hand-picking records from the many prime shops therein to play to discerning ears across the continent.
With a strong jazz sensibility, Siofra selects her tunes with care and consideration, demonstrating a penchant for the smooth, the sultry and – above all – the spiritual.
Cedric Bardawil has travelled from Hawaii to Japan to Lebanon and back, searching for forgotten records and their stories.
In 2014 he initiated the ongoing Soul Time In Hawaii party, over the years playing alongside DJs including Red Greg, Psychemagik, Patrick Forge, Jamie Tiller and John Gomez.
In his sets he looks for a balance between an obscure and popular sound, selecting records that engage with a crowd. Interested in weaving together listening and dance music, he often plays extended DJ sets where he can bring different tempos and sounds together.
When he's not playing music, he's been sharing his knowledge as a guest on radio stations including NTS Live, Red Light Radio and Worldwide FM, as well as writing for publications including The Vinyl Factory. He runs his own label and music platform for the arts, Fourth Sounds, hosting live performances by musicians including Laraaji and Peter Zummo.
Don Grizz
An avid record collecting DJ within the audiophile scene and joining the resident roster at Spiritland, Dons seamlessly sows different styles and genres into one musical journey.
A founding member of improv night Open Sauce featuring acts from labels such as Ninja Tune, Big Dada, Wichita Records - with recent DJ sets at EartH, Grow, Two Tribes to name just a few - his selection encompasses variations of jazz, funk, dub, reggae, tropical- organic grooves, north african middle eastern, disco, balearic, beats and anything in between.
Expect to have your musical cosmos expanded.
Dragos Munteanu
NTS, Balamii and Red Light Radio regular Dragos delivers a Sunday afternoon selection showcasing his deep passion for all things Jazz, and it's influence on contemporary music of all genres.
Pedro Ricardo
Known in his hometown Porto for his flair with the records, Pedro relies on a strong, organic groove, promising to bring to the dance floor the warm rhythms of Funk and Disco hand in hand with a kind of House that never takes off from its soulful tradition. Working through different aliases he has been releasing music for the past 5 years: first as Bababa with Extended Records (2015); then as Hai with 1980 (2017); and in his own name Pedro with Onda Onda Music (2017). In 2018 Pedro and Jenna Camille released This is What I'm Going Through EP with Wolf Music Recordings, with solo follow-up She is EP in 2019. This year also saw the first of Pedro's self-releases on his own label Hear, Sense and Feel, in a shift towards sounds closer to home.
Passionate Argentinian record digger Sofia Iskali brings her charisma to the decks with a broad selection of eclectic and obscure, sensuous sounds.
Tropical Disco Hustle
Named after Cultures Of Soul's defining album 'Tropical Disco Hustle', we aim to celebrate, not appropriate, the immense talent and music that came out of the Caribbean, South America and the African continent during the late 70's and early 80's.
Avi Del Mono
Malaga-raised Avi has nurtured an acquired taste over the years. His aptly-named Hear No Evil show on NTS & Radar Radio has become a landing spot for hip-hop, jazz, soul and warm electronica – nothing but good music that steers away from the mainstream.
Now residing in London, the part-time photographer has worked alongside influential communities including Boiler Room, NTS and Livin' Proof.
Marshmello (NTS)
Starting off on the dancefloor, moving to the mic as an MC and then to the decks, Marsha has played a huge part in the UK dance scene for over 20 years.
With roots in the Red Bull Music Academy and the UK's first underground internet and pirate stations like Interface FM, Nu Wave Radio and Deja Vu, Marsha hosted the first broadcast on NTS Radio and has since become an essential part of the family with her bi-weekly show Midnight Marauder.
Seamus Haji
Seamus Haji has been DJ'ing and collecting records since his London sound system days in the mid 80's when he was 16 mixing up soul, funk, hip hop and early house. Fast forward almost 35 years later and he's become an International DJ/Producer & remixer in his own right. He's been A&R for seminal house labels Slip'N'Slide, Strictly Rhythm, Defected Records, run his own Big Love since 2002 and has now re-joined Defected Records this time to A&R for the phenomenal Glitterbox Records. Seamus will be playing an exclusive set going back to his roots playing vinyl classics and rarities that have inspired him over the years.
Vesa Liede
Excellent taste? Check. All vinyl? Check. Weekend resident? Check.
Long time aficionado of all things beats, breaks and B-Boy culture, cratedigger Vesa returns with his enviable record collection for a rhythm section-led Saturday.
Ralph Tee (Expansion Records)
Record label boss, radio broadcaster and lifelong soul aficionado Ralph Tee is here for a Friday night of upbeat, smiles for miles music. His knowledge of and passion for sharing the rare grooves is second to none.
Ralph has been a club DJ since the 1970s & broadcasting on radio since the 1980s, with deep roots in the UK soul scene.
Spiritland Legends: Stevie Wonder – selected by Kyri
A night in celebration of Stevland Hardaway Morris, one of the twentieth century's very finest musicians, multi-instrumentalists and record producers.
Four hours of the biggest hits and deepest cuts on Spiritland Royal Festival Hall's incredible sound system – led by Wonder aficionado Kyri of R2 Records.
Free entry but booking highly recommended via rfh@spiritland.com or 020 3146 1980.
Mark Greenfield
Regular-for-a-reason selector Mark G checks in for another sweet and soulful afternoon session.
Resolution 88 – 'Revolutions' album playback
A special listening party in celebration of Resolution 88's first album on vinyl – and their third studio album overall.
Hear the record played in its entirety for the very first time in public, on the unique Spiritland sound system.
With the release of their first two albums and live shows supporting Snarky Puppy, Roy Ayers, Marcus Miller, Larry Mizell & the Blackbyrds, Butcher Brown, Yellowjackets and more, Resolution 88 have already established themselves as one of the UK's leading exponents of funk jazz.
'Revolutions' represents a lot of firsts - the first time Resolution 88 have recorded to multi-track tape, the first time that they've included a real string and brass section, the first time they've included special guests on record and the first time they've pressed an album on vinyl. Imagine a combination of an undiscovered Herbie Hancock album from the mid-70s, rare-groove samples from the golden era of hip hop (ATCQ, Pharcyde etc) and the new London sound of bands like Yussef Kamaal.
Max Van de Put
Max has stretched far across the corners of the globe, bringing back a groove-focused outernational sound.
Holly Hollister
Focused on music to make you groove, Holly enjoys playing everything from 80bpm headnodders and 120bpm broken beat jives to the 140 anomalies.
Her sets reflect all that she absorbs through online radio, festivals and the inspiration the Soulquarian movement and Gilles Peterson have provided.
She's recently played Kala Festival in Albania and is a resident at Cafe Artum, Digbeth Dining Club, Birmingham.
Previously Holly has played Birmingham nights; MoHo, Neighbourhd and been a supporting DJ at Leftfoot events.
King Dom
Vinyl collector King Dom began playing out aged 17 – moving through Brighton's underground clubs in the 1990s to Sydney, where he worked the clubs, big venues and dive bars till his fingers bled.
Recently in his thirst for diving headlong into discovery, he's been "sloshing around in the underbelly of Lovers Rock", including through gigs with Dennis Bovell.
Expect soul, folk, lovers, two steppers, jazz, strings, bits and pieces brought together to tell a story with beautifully blurred lines.
Expect soul, folk, lovers, two steppers, jazz, strings, bits and pieces brought together to tell a story with beautifully blurred lines." data-image="https://spiritland.com/website/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Dom_Spiritland_1500x750_Crop-1500-1-600x400.jpg" data-imagewidth="1200" data-imageheight="600" data-url="https://spiritland.com/events/king-dom-2/">Facebook or Twitter
John Coltrane – Exclusive 'Blue World' album playback
Hear an exclusive playback of John Coltrane's unreleased album 'Blue World', recorded the same year as 'A Love Supreme', on the eve of its release.
DJ support comes from Tony 'Jazz Dad' Higgins (BBE).
In 1964, the National Film Board of Canada asked John Coltrane to record the soundtrack for a French-language film titled "Le chat dans le sac". Amazingly, no announcement was made that the iconic Coltrane was adding new performances to this film.
In June of that year, Coltrane's 'Classic Quartet' entered Rudy Van Gelder's studio and recorded five previously-recorded Coltrane originals. For many years, viewers of the film who recognised the music thought that they were listening to the original recordings, though in fact they were new and had never been heard.
Now, with the release of Blue World, we can hear these newly-discovered recordings for the first time.
Now, with the release of Blue World, we can hear these newly-discovered recordings for the first time." data-image="https://spiritland.com/website/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/john-coltrane-1500-600x400.jpg" data-imagewidth="1200" data-imageheight="600" data-url="https://spiritland.com/events/john-coltrane-exclusive-blue-world-album-playback/">Facebook or Twitter
Mark Gurney & Adrian Leach
Having spent almost 40 years collecting records, clubbing and DJing, Mark decided to start an event of his own, creating a night and website that digs deeper than most playing a whole spectrum of music involving likeminded friends and DJs.
Independent Movement began in 2007, a London club night with guest DJs from the UK and around the world playing new discoveries, underplayed gems and hard to find tracks – but mainly plain old great records.
Mark will be joined by good friend Adrian Leach. Creator and host of the long running Happy Jazz Radio Show since the 90s , Adrian's musical tastes range from global modern jazz from the 60s to current day and vintage Latin, Brazilian, African and Caribbean to name a few.
A seeker of independent, forgotten labels and under played jazz from the 80s with a real penchant for black music from South and Central America that currently occupies his buying / listening time. Adrian savours the unusual and is happy to share the sounds around.
Katie Barber
Firm friend of Spiritland Katie touches down for an extended session of Friday night magic at Royal Festival Hall.
Max Gershinson alias Leopold is a DJ and radio host based in London – host of the Natural Element show (previously on Radar Radio) and Cue Music on Netil Radio.
Expect worldly soul, boogie and stretched-out mellow goodness.
Craig Swayward
Co-founder of Manchester clubland institution Wet Play Craig returns to Spiritland for a Balearic-infused Saturday night all vinyl session.
In Colin's words – "when you consider how fast the DJing world is moving these days, 50 years in the game is a ludicrous thing to contemplate".
Having lived, danced and DJed through the eras of Northern Soul, jazz-funk and house, few can claim to have contributed to UK dance music more than Colin Curtis.
Growing up in Stoke on Motown and Radio Caroline, Colin first started DJing in 1967 and became a figurehead for some of Northern England's most iconic clubs, including the Blackpool Mecca, Rafters in Manchester and Nottingham's Rock City.
His experiments with electro and house, alongside Hewan Clarke at The Playpen in Manchester also had a profound impact on the musical direction of the Haçienda. These days his career is viewed with similar superlatives as Mancuso, which we discuss in the below, alongside a look into his life as a record collector and the new jazz dance fusion compilation he's curated for Z Records.
His experiments with electro and house, alongside Hewan Clarke at The Playpen in Manchester also had a profound impact on the musical direction of the Haçienda. These days his career is viewed with similar superlatives as Mancuso, which we discuss in the below, alongside a look into his life as a record collector and the new jazz dance fusion compilation he's curated for Z Records." data-image="https://spiritland.com/website/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Colin-Curtis-1500-600x400.jpg" data-imagewidth="1200" data-imageheight="600" data-url="https://spiritland.com/events/colin-curtis/">Facebook or Twitter
Iko Chérie
Spiritland favourite Marie – nom de guerre Iko Chérie when creating her 'psychedelicate surf pop' – returns for another of her special French-inspired, pop-tinged, laid back and breezy sessions.
Half Forgotten Library: Jonny Trunk & Martin Green
Brunch at Spiritland Royal Festival Hall gets groovy once a month with this residency from two titans of the library music scene, Jonny Trunk and Martin Green.
Half Forgotten Library is a regular Sunday session bringing largely forgotten swinging library recordings and OSTs back to life through our world-class sound system.
Drop in anytime 12-4.30pm for a stretched out brunch, daytime drinking and lounging in the company of recently revived jazz, soul, funk, exotica and soundtracks.
Charles Vaughan (Birdland Kissa)
"South London neo-jazz dudester of many cowboy hats" – Charles Vaughan is an eclectic DJ whose sets vary from pulsating jazz, international oddities to classic disco selections and soulful house cuts.
Having played at venues such as Pickle Factory, Shoreditch Platform and Bussey Building, Charles' expansive sets broadcast new and familiar sounds with infectious energy, no matter the style.
Having played at venues such as Pickle Factory, Shoreditch Platform and Bussey Building, Charles' expansive sets broadcast new and familiar sounds with infectious energy, no matter the style." data-image="https://spiritland.com/website/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Charles-Vaughan-1500-600x400.jpg" data-imagewidth="1200" data-imageheight="600" data-url="https://spiritland.com/events/charles-vaughan-birdland-kissa-2/">Facebook or Twitter
Jarvis Cocker's Sunday Service – Live at Spiritland RFH
Celebrate the launch of Jarvis Cocker's 'Sunday Service' compilation with us at this night of music and conversation at Spiritland Royal Festival Hall.
Join Jarvis and guests for a special live episode of Sunday Service on the South Bank.
Ticket link above
Tickets do not include dinner, but you're welcome to join for something beforehand between 5:30pm–7.00pm. This can be booked separately via rfh@spiritland.com or 020 3146 1980.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Welcome to the Role Call 2 Registration Page!
From here you can purchase badges* and claim tickets for individual events. For more information about the convention, be sure to visit www.RoleCallCon.com.
At this time our resources only allow for a limited number of badges each day, so be sure to get your badge early! We do not ship badges in advance. Your badge will be available for pick up on-site in April.
For Role Call 2019, we have decided to simplify the registration process by rolling the cost of event tickets into the badge price (premium event tickets are an exception to this, but more on that later). The table below shows the price for Friday, Saturday, Sunday, and Weekend badges. This price includes tickets for each slot that relates to the badge. For example, a Saturday badge gives you three tickets: one for the morning slot, one for the afternoon slot, and one for the evening slot. A Weekend badge includes a single ticket for each of Role Call's seven slots.
When registration opens, you will be able to purchase your badge and select your events at the same time, making multiple checkouts unnecessary. Keep in mind, just buying a badge does not guarantee you event tickets. You still need to sign up for events. Event tickets will be claimed on a first-come, first-served basis. As always, to make sure you get the events you want, it is a good idea to register and select your events early!
This year we will be offering a select number of premium tickets at $5/each. These tickets grant you access to a private room away from the main game hall, where you and five other players can enjoy an adventure with one of Role Call's finest Dungeon Masters.
Special note: Outside water, soda, and alcohol is not permitted at Role Call. The American Legion operates a bar on-site, and drinks can be purchased there. It's fine if you bring a soda or a water back with you from lunch and need to finish it at the convention. Just don't bring a cooler full of drinks with you, and don't bring in any outside alcohol (they have a liquor license to protect). We have scheduled an hour break between each slot, so there should be ample time to grab food and drinks between events. The American Legion has made Role Call possible by offering us an affordable place to game. We ask that you please respect their policies.
* Badge and premium event ticket sales go live January 5, 2019 at 11:00 AM Central time.
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Were Cornish kings will o' the wisps?
bwdeacon medieval history February 2, 2021 1 Minute
Search online for 'kings of Cornwall' and you'll find impressive lists of Cornish kings in its period of independence and even afterwards down to the 1000s. The only problem is that most of these kings reside only as names in ambiguous Welsh genealogical lists. Although resting on earlier but now lost texts, these bare roll calls of names were compiled 600 to 800 years later than the people they listed were supposed to have lived, although no actual dates are provided in the lists either. The apparently complete line of kings from the 400s to the 900s (at least) results from a combination of wishful thinking, modelling Cornwall (and/or Dumnonia) on English or later Welsh kingdoms, and an impatience with ambiguity.
We can be sure about just three kings, who were named by contemporaries. The first was Constantine, described by the British chronicler Gildas around 540 as the 'whelp of the unclean lioness of Damnonia' and in a later Welsh source as Custennyn Gorneu (Constantine of Cornwall). The second was Gerent, named by the cleric Aldhelm, the abbot of Malmesbury. He wrote to 'King Gerent … of the western kingdom' around 700 calling on him to bring his clergy into line with English (and Roman) practice. The third king was Doniert, whose death by drowning in 875 was noted in the Welsh Annals and who is commemorated by a contemporary memorial stone on the southern edge of Bodmin Moor.
King Doniert's stone
The rest are just names, tantalisingly and teasingly flitting insubstantially through the centuries. Instead of desperately searching for Cornish kings to fill the gaps between the above three, perhaps we should seek guidance from Brittany. There, it's been argued that between the 600s and 900s there was 'no clear hierarchy of lordship' and no 'permanent kingly presence'.
Cornwall was culturally close to, some might argue virtually indistinct from, Brittany at this period. If Brittany only had intermittent kings, thrown up by emergencies, then perhaps Cornwall did too. Gerent in 700 looks to be a classic candidate for a temporary spokesman required at a time of crisis to negotiate with hostile neighbours.
Long live the king? You have to find him first.
For more on this see chapters 2 and 4 of my Cornwall's First Golden Age.
Doniert
Gerent
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One thought on "Were Cornish kings will o' the wisps?"
Great commentary especially regarding "impatience with ambiguity". I really do think that the great unwashed can cope with ambiguity – they would manage without the horrifying fiction that Tintagel has become. And, in an age of increasing unreason all the more important to stay with resilient facts, and repeat this necessity over and over. Of course, history is very much "his story" and prone to fictionalization, winner and loser narratives – but that is part of it all.
Would love to know though if you know more about our own three kings. Do you know more? King Doniert's fate moves me especially – I imagine him springing wildly into the river, laughing, with his courtiers, and then the consternation. Ahh – am I not too too happy to create fiction in an instant where there is nought but a few words on a standing stone? And we love Constantine Bay, and all that wild region.


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Gohlis ist ein Stadtteil im Norden Leipzigs. Zuvor war es ein Dorf und Rittergut bzw. ab 1838 eine sächsische Landgemeinde, die 1890 mit der benachbarten Stadt Leipzig vereinigt wurde. Gohlis ist heute in drei Ortsteile (Gohlis-Süd, -Mitte und -Nord) eingeteilt, die alle zum Stadtbezirk Nord gehören. Der Stadtteil ist zu weiten Teilen von Altbau-Wohngebieten aus dem späten 19. und der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts geprägt.

Lage

Der alte Ortskern befand sich am nordöstlichen Rand der Elster-Luppe-Aue, nördlich der Mündung der von Nordosten kommenden Nördlichen Rietzschke in die hier von Südost nach Nordwest fließende Parthe, er lag südlich der alten Schkeuditzer Landstraße (heute: Georg-Schumann-Straße) zwischen der Stadt Leipzig im Südosten und dem Dorf Möckern im Nordwesten.

Die heutige Gemarkung Gohlis grenzt im Süden an das Rosental, im Südosten an die Leipziger Nordvorstadt (Ortsteil Zentrum-Nord), im Osten an Eutritzsch (die Flurgrenze folgt ungefähr dem Verlauf der Nördlichen Rietzschke, die jedoch südlich des Arthur-Bretschneider-Parks unterirdisch kanalisiert ist), im Norden an Wiederitzsch (getrennt durch den Gohliser Flurgrenzgraben) und im Westen an Möckern (Flurgrenze entlang der Olbricht- und Bothestraße).

Orts- und Baugeschichte

Als Dorf und Rittergut

Das Dorf Gohlis wurde wahrscheinlich von westslawischen (sorbischen) Siedlern im 7. Jahrhundert angelegt. Frühere Namensformen waren Golitz, Goliz oder Golis. Der altsorbische Wortstamm gol bedeutet kahl, öde und ist vielleicht ein Bezug auf die waldfreie unmittelbare Umgebung des Dorfes, die Endung -its/-itz ist typisch für slawische Dörfer.

Im Zuge der deutschen Ost-Expansion ließen sich vermutlich um das Jahr 1000 flämische Siedler hier nieder. Aus dem Jahr 1317 stammt die älteste bekannte Urkunde, in der das Dorf anlässlich einer Landschenkung an das Zisterzienserinnenkloster St. Georg erwähnt wird.

Landesherren von Gohlis waren die Markgrafen von Meißen bzw. von Landsberg und später die ernestinischen Kurfürsten von Sachsen (1423–1485), die albertinischen Herzöge, Kurfürsten und Könige von Sachsen. Innerhalb des sächsischen Staates gehörte das Dorf Gohlis in das Kreisamt Leipzig. 1539 wurde die lutherische Reformation eingeführt, ab 1544 war die Pfarrei des benachbarten Eutritzsch auch für Gohlis zuständig. Das Dorf Gohlis gehörte zur Grundherrschaft des Ritterguts Gohlis, damit unterstand es juristisch dessen Patrimonialgerichtsbarkeit. Im Schmalkaldischen Krieg wurde das Dorf 1547 von Leipzigern niedergebrannt. Im Dreißigjährigen Krieg wurde es zwischen 1631 und 1649 fünfmal verwüstet und niedergebrannt.

1659 erwarb der Leipziger Medizinprofessor Michael Heinrich Horn († 1681) das Rittergut und die Grundherrschaft in Gohlis. Das Dorf erhielt 1685 eine eigene Schule, die in der Mitte der Dorfstraße gebaut wurde. An der Stelle befindet sich in der heutigen Menckestraße eine Verkehrsinsel. Von 1720 bis 1726 war der Leipziger Juraprofessor Lüder Mencke Gutsbesitzer und Richter von Gohlis. Er gab eine Dorfordnung heraus, durch die das bis dahin geltende flämische Erbrecht abgelöst wurde. Im Zweiten Schlesischen Krieg lagerte 1745 das sächsische Heer unter Rutowski bei Gohlis, im November desselben Jahres wurde das Dorf von Husaren geplündert.

1755/56 ließ sich der Leipziger Ratsherr Johann Caspar Richter (1708–1770) auf zwei benachbarten Bauerngütern in Gohlis ein Sommerpalais im Rokoko-Stil erbauen. Das Gohliser Schlösschen genannte Gebäude wird heute für kulturelle und gastronomische Zwecke genutzt. Der Historiker Johann Gottlob Böhme heiratete 1771 Richters Witwe Christiana Regina (geb. Hetzer) und wurde so Erb-, Lehn- und Gerichtsherr von Gohlis. Das Schulgebäude wurde 1774 aufgestockt und erhielt einen Betsaal. Das Gebäude in der Dorfmitte beherbergte neben der Schulstube auch die Lehrerwohnung, einen kleinen Anbau für den Spritzenwagen sowie später das Gefängnis mit Pranger. In dieser Zeit entwickelte sich Gohlis zu einem beliebten Ausflugsziel des Leipziger Bürgertums. Der Reim "Wem nicht wohl ist, der geh' nach Gohlis!" wird Johann Wolfgang Goethe zugeschrieben, der in den 1760er-Jahren in Leipzig studierte. Er nimmt Bezug auf die gesundheitsfördernde Wirkung der frischen Landluft an den Pleißeauen im Gegensatz zur stickigen Stadtluft. Im Volksmund entwickelte sich daraus der Ausspruch "Wem es wohl ist" bzw. "Wem's zu wohl ist, der geht nach Gohlis", um auszudrücken, dass sich nur die Bessergestellten die Sommerfrische in Gohlis leisten konnten.

Nach dem Tod des Ehepaars Böhme erbte Christiana Marias Bruder Johann Hieronymus Hetzer das Gut und das Schlösschen, das sich unter seiner Ägide bis 1788 zum "Musenhof am Rosental" entwickelte. Zu seinen Gästen zählten 1785 Friedrich Schiller und der Freundeskreis um Christian Gottfried Körner. Schiller arbeitete in Gohlis am zweiten Akt des "Don Carlos", bearbeitete den "Fiesco" und schrieb die erste Fassung des Gedichts "An die Freude". Das Bauernhaus, in dem Schiller wohnte, ist das älteste erhaltene Haus von Gohlis. Es wurde um 1700 erbaut und ist seit dem 18. Jahrhundert wohl kaum verändert worden. 1841 richtete der Leipziger Schillerverein hier eine Gedenkstätte ein, die heute noch als Museum (Schillerhaus) besteht. In diesem ist auch ein Modell des Dorfes Gohlis Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts zu sehen.

Seit 1793, als die Stadt Leipzig Besitzer des Rittergutes Gohlis wurde, lag die niedere Gerichtsbarkeit bei der Stadt Leipzig, die sie auch nach dem Verkauf des Ritterguts an die Familie von Alvensleben im Jahr 1832 behielt. Im Zusammenhang mit der Völkerschlacht bei Leipzig 1813 diente das Schlösschen zunächst der französischen Armee, dann dem russischen General Wintzingerode als Hauptquartier. Von 1847 bis 1863 war das Gut im Besitz des Musikers Gebhard von Alvensleben, dessen Briefe an seine Freundin Bettina von Arnim vom damaligen Leben in Gohlis zeugen.

Als Landgemeinde

Im Jahr 1835 umfasste das Dorf 30 Magazinhufen Land, 54 Häuser und 578 Einwohner. Durch die Sächsische Landgemeindeordnung von 1838 wurde das Dorf Gohlis eine eigenständige Gemeinde und erhielt das Recht zur Selbstverwaltung. Durch die Magdeburg-Leipziger Eisenbahn bekam Gohlis 1840 einen Eisenbahnanschluss. Der Raubmörder Johann David Saupe wurde am 18. November 1840 in Gohlis hingerichtet. Am 23. August 1842 wurde dort der Buchbindergeselle Johann Heinrich Ernst Seifarth aus Altenburg enthauptet – dies war die letzte Hinrichtung in Gohlis.

Die Bevölkerungszahl stieg zwischen 1834 und 1871 von 629 auf 5.015. Dieses rapide Wachstum erforderte auch neue Einrichtungen: 1860–61 wurde ein neues Schulgebäude am damaligen Lindenplatz (heute Kirchplatz) erbaut; 1864 wurde in der Menckestraße eine Postanstalt eröffnet; 1868 wurde der bis heute genutzte Friedhof am Viertelsweg eingeweiht. Gohlis, das bis dahin zur Pfarrei Eutritzsch gehörte, bildete ab 1870 ein eigenes Kirchspiel.

Von 1873 bis zur Eingemeindung 1890 gehörte die Landgemeinde Gohlis zur Amtshauptmannschaft Leipzig. Am 20. Januar 1873 wurde die Gemeinde Gohlis durch die Gohliser Straßenbahntrasse (blaue Linie der Leipziger Pferdebahn) an das Nahverkehrsnetz der Stadt Leipzig angeschlossen. Das heutige Erscheinungsbild von Gohlis-Süd und -Mitte entstand größtenteils während der Gründerzeit (1870–1914), es ist in weiten Teilen von Blockrandbebauung mit drei- bis viergeschossigen Mehrfamilienhäusern geprägt. 1881 verlegte Adolf Bleichert seine Fabrik für Drahtseilbahnen nach Gohlis. Der westliche Teil von Gohlis-Mitte und -Nord, am Übergang zu Möckern, war ab Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts von ausgedehnten Kasernengeländen und Siedlungen für Militärs geprägt.

Als Stadtteil von Leipzig

Am 1. Januar 1890 wurde die Gemeinde Gohlis, die damals 19.312 Bewohner zählte, in die Stadt Leipzig eingemeindet. Ab 1898 wurde die Bebauung jenseits der Eisenbahnlinie weit nach Norden ausgedehnt. Das damalige "Neu-Gohlis" entspricht etwa dem heutigen Ortsteil Gohlis-Mitte. Im "Militärischen Viertel" unmittelbar östlich des Kasernengebiets entstanden herrschaftliche Stadtvillen. Einfacher gehalten waren die meist viergeschossigen Mietshäuser in Blockrandbebauung des "Französischen Viertels". Die Straßen wurden nach Orten und Heerführern des Deutsch-Französischen Kriegs benannt – nach 1945 wurden sie durch Namen von Widerstandskämpfern gegen den Nationalsozialismus ersetzt. Um die Jahrhundertwende hatte Gohlis etwa 30.000 Einwohner. Die "Turmschule" (damals 11. Bürgerschule, heute Friedrich-Schiller-Schule) wurde 1905 eingeweiht; 1907 wurde die Feuerwache Nord an der Matthisonstraße in Betrieb genommen.

In den 1920er Jahren und zu Beginn der 1930er Jahre erschlossen Bauträger wie der Spar- und Bauverein Leipzig-Nord in Gohlis neue Flächen für die Errichtung von mehrgeschossigen Wohnhäusern, um den Wohnbedürfnissen der stark angestiegenen Leipziger Bevölkerung Rechnung zu tragen. Im gartenstadtartigen "Philosophenviertel" (Hegel-, Schopenhauer-, Nietzschestraße usw.) westlich des Eutritzscher Parks wurden hochwertige Einfamilien- und Doppelhäuser erbaut. 1926 wurde das repräsentative Art-déco-Postamt N 22 in der heutigen Sasstraße eingeweiht (davon abgeleitet hatte Gohlis ab 1964 die Postleitzahl 7022).

Noch weiter im Norden ließ der Bankier Hans Kroch mit seiner Aktiengesellschaft für Haus- und Grundbesitz ab 1929 die "Wohnstadt Neu-Gohlis" errichten, eine Siedlung im Stil des Neuen Bauens (Bauhaus-Stil), die heute als Krochsiedlung bekannt ist. Diese war nicht nur in architektonischer Hinsicht fortschrittlich, sondern bot auch für die damalige Zeit äußerst modernen Komfort wie Fernwärme. Geplant und entworfen wurde sie von dem Architekten Paul Mebes. Bis 1930 wurde der erste Bauabschnitt mit 1.018 Wohnungen fertiggestellt. Zur Siedlung gehörten auch Handels- und Versorgungseinrichtungen entlang der Max-Liebermann-Straße, die deshalb "Ladenstraße" genannt wurde. Die ursprünglich viermal so groß geplante Wohnstadt wurde aber nicht fortgesetzt, zunächst wegen den Auswirkungen der Weltwirtschaftskrise, dann wegen der nationalsozialistischen Machtübernahme, da Kroch als Jude Deutschland verlassen musste. 1933 zählte der Stadtteil Gohlis 54.581 Einwohner.

Durch die Bombenangriffe der Jahre 1943 bis 1945 erlitt Gohlis einige Schäden, war aber insgesamt weniger stark betroffen als andere Leipziger Stadtteile. In der DDR-Zeit ließen Arbeiterwohnungsbaugenossenschaften (AWG) in den 1950er- und 60er-Jahren entlang von Landsberger Straße und Viertelsweg sowie Virchow- und Max-Liebermann-Straße Wohnblöcke mit hunderten Wohnungen errichten. Architekt war Horst Krantz, ein Pionier der "industriellen Fertigungstechnologie". In den 1980er-Jahren wurde nördlich der Krochsiedlung noch ein Plattenbau-Wohngebiet des Typs WBS 70 mit 440 Wohneinheiten erbaut. Hier siedelten sich vor allem Familien von Militärangehörigen an, was sich im Straßennamen "Straße der NVA" (heute Sylter Straße) und der umgangssprachlichen Bezeichnung "Stahlhelm-Siedlung" spiegelte. Unterdessen verfiel die Altbausubstanz der Gründerzeitviertel zusehends. Vor diesem Hintergrund bekam der volkstümliche Spruch "Wem's zu wohl ist, der geht nach Gohlis" einen ironischen oder mitleidigen Beiklang.

Seit der Stadtgliederung von 1992 gehört der nördliche Teil des ehemaligen Gemeindegebietes (nördlich des Viertelswegs) zum Ortsteil Gohlis-Nord, der mittlere Teil (bis zur Bahnstrecke Leipzig–Großkorbetha) zum Ortsteil Gohlis-Mitte und der südliche Teil mit dem alten Ortskern zum Ortsteil Gohlis-Süd. Kleinere Teile der Gemarkung Gohlis wurden den benachbarten Ortsteilen Möckern und Eutritzsch zugeordnet. Ein 71 Hektar großes Gebiet erklärte die Leipziger Ratsversammlung 1999 zum Sanierungsgebiet. Mit Städtebaufördermitteln wurde unter anderem das ungewöhnliche Gebäude des UFO Lehmbau Jugendtreffs errichtet. An einigen Standorten wurden Leipziger Stadthäuser gebaut, zunächst in einem Modellprojekt. In der Nachwendezeit wurde ein Großteil der Altbauten renoviert, vereinzelt kam es auch zu Neubauten, vor allem von Gewerbeflächen wie Gohlis-Arkaden, Gohlis-Center und Gohlis-Park. Auf dem ehemaligen Gelände eines Armeesportplatzes nördlich der Max-Liebermann-Straße entstand ein völlig neues Wohngebiet. In den 2010er-Jahren erlebte Gohlis einen neuerlichen Sanierungs- und Neubauboom durch sogenannte Nachverdichtung (Schließung von Baulücken u. ä). Ende 2016 hatte Gohlis 43.569 Einwohner.

Sakralbauten

Evangelisch-lutherische Friedenskirche

Im Jahr 1870 wurde Gohlis, das bis dahin zur Kirchgemeinde Eutritzsch gehörte, eine eigene evangelisch-lutherische Kirchgemeinde. Der Architekt Hugo Altendorff entwarf die neugotische Friedenskirche entsprechend dem Eisenacher Regulativ. Der Bau begann 1871, zum Reformationstag 1873 wurde sie geweiht. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg erhielt die Kirche Bombentreffer und büßte dadurch eine Seitenkapelle ein. Die Gohliser evangelische Kirchgemeinde wurde 1999 mit der Gemeinde der Michaeliskirche der benachbarten Nordvorstadt fusioniert. 2012 spendete die Gemeinde eine nicht mehr benötigte Glocke für den Gundorfer Friedhof. Ab 2009 wurde die Friedenskirche saniert, 2016 bekam sie eine neue Bronzeglocke – die Friedensglocke. Seit 2016 wird sie als Jugendkirche vom Evangelischen Jugendpfarramt Leipzig genutzt

Katholische St.-Georgs-Kirche

Durch die Industrialisierung des Stadtteils siedelten sich auch viele Katholiken in Gohlis an. Sie erbauten 1909–1910 eine eigene Schule, an deren Turnsaal ein Kapellenraum angebaut wurde (geweiht 1910). Nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg folgte der Kirchenbau. Die im Jahr 1923 fertiggestellte Akademiker-Gedächtniskirche St. Georg fiel aufgrund des durch die Inflation eingetretenen Geldmangels viel kleiner aus, als sie 1909 ursprünglich von dem Leipziger Architekten Clemens Lohmer geplant war. Ebenfalls 1923 wurde St. Georg in Gohlis von dem Meißner Bischof Christian Schreiber zur eigenständigen Pfarrei erhoben. Die katholische Schule wurde 1934 von den Nazis enteignet. Bei den Bombenangriffen im Dezember 1943 und im Juli 1944 wurde die Kirche beschädigt, aber in kurzer Zeit wiederhergestellt. Wegen der Liturgiereform erfolgte von 1967 bis 1983 der Umbau der Kirche. Erhalten sind die von Akademikerverbänden gestifteten Ausstattungsstücke, so der Georgsaltar (vom CV), der Marienaltar (vom KV) und das den auferstandenen Jesus zeigende Gefallenendenkmal (vom UV). In den Fenstern sind die Buchstaben dieser Verbände zu erkennen.

Synagoge
1922 erhielt Gohlis auch eine kleine Synagoge, die nur 16 Jahre bis zur Reichspogromnacht existierte.

Evangelisch-methodistische Bethesda-Kirche
1930 weihte die evangelisch-methodistische Bethesda-Gemeinde ihr Gebäude ein, das Kirche, Gemeinderäume und Wohnräume vereinigt.

Evangelisch-lutherische Versöhnungskirche

Der jüngste Sakralbau des Stadtteils ist die 1932 eingeweihte Versöhnungskirche. Sie ist einer der wenigen bedeutenden Kirchenbauten der Klassischen Moderne in Deutschland und wurde nach einem Entwurf von Hans Heinrich Grotjahn im Stil der Neuen Sachlichkeit in Stahlbetonskelettbauweise ausgeführt. Die Versöhnungskirche war gedacht als Mittelpunkt einer Wohnstadt, deren erste Bauetappe, die Krochsiedlung, 1929/1930 in Gohlis-Nord realisiert wurde. Der Künstler M. Alf Brumme, der sein Atelier in Gohlis hatte, schuf die vier Meter hohe Christusstatue, das Altarkruzifix sowie ein den Krieg anklagendes Triptychon und entwarf das liturgische Gerät.

Moscheebau-Projekt

Seit 2013 plant die Ahmadiyya-Gemeinde den Bau einer Moschee an der Georg-Schumann-Straße. 2015 gab es dazu einen Architektenwettbewerb, 2021 wurde die Baugenehmigung erteilt.

Wirtschaftsgeschichte

Gohliser Mühle

Die Gohliser Mühle (Bannmühle) wurde 1390 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Als erster bekannter Betreiber ist die Müllerin Katharina belegt († 1392). An der Mühle floss ein Pleißebogen vorbei, welcher bei der Flussregulierung zwischen 1905 und 1913 verschwand. Auf dem Bild ist das Wohnhaus mit Krüppelwalmdach zu sehen, welches später als Gastwirtschaft benutzt wurde. Im Jahre 1877 wurde das Gebäude rechts im Bild auf den Grundmauern der Mühle errichtet. Seit 1857 war August Bleichert, Vater von Adolf Bleichert (Drahtseilbahnfabrikant), der Müller von Gohlis. Der Mühlenbetrieb wurde am 30. Juni 1908 eingestellt. Im Oktober 2006 fiel die Mühle nach Brandstiftung zusammen und war seither eine Ruine. Im November 2009 gab das Leipziger Stadtplanungsamt bekannt, dass die Mühle von der ATRIUM Baubetreuungsgesellschaft mbH in eine Kindertagesstätte des Deutschen Kinderschutzbunds umgebaut werden soll. Weiterhin wurde bis zur Fertigstellung des Baus Ende 2011 Platz für Büros, Praxen und eine Gaststätte geschaffen.

Gohliser Actien-Brauerei
Im Jahre 1871 wurde an der Halleschen Straße (heute Georg-Schumann-Straße) die Aktienbierbrauerei Gohlis erbaut. Die Brauerei besaß mit dem "Bräustüb'l" auch einen Ausschank. Die Brauerei wurde 1950 in die Aktienbrauerei Gohlis und im Jahre 1952 in die VEB Brauerei Gohlis umgewandelt. 1956 erfolgte die Angliederung an den VEB Sachsenbräu Leipzig. Ab 1964 firmierte die Brauerei als VEB (K) Sachsenbräu Leipzig, Werk III Gohlis und von 1969 bis 1990 als VEB Sachsenbräu Leipzig, Betriebsteil Gohlis im VEB Getränkekombinat Leipzig. 1972 wurde die Bierproduktion eingestellt. Danach wurden in diesem Betriebsteil Erfrischungsgetränke, unter anderem auch die Lipsona Club Cola hergestellt.
1991 erfolgte die Umfirmierung in Sachsenbräu AG, Betriebsteil Lipsona Erfrischungsgetränke. Im gleichen Jahr wurde der Betrieb geschlossen.
Der Gebäudekomplex der Brauerei wurde 2006 abgerissen; Anfang 2011 wurde dort das Stadtteilzentrum Gohlis mit Bibliothek und Einkaufsmöglichkeiten eröffnet.

Wie auch die Gohliser Mühle wurde im Jahr 2006 das "Braustüb'l" durch Brandstiftung zerstört und stürzte ein.

Drahtseilbahnbau Bleichert

Eines der bedeutendsten Unternehmen in Gohlis war die Fabrik für Drahtseilbahnen Adolf Bleichert & Co. Sie wurde von Adolf Bleichert 1876 zunächst in Neuschönefeld gegründet, aber 1881 nach Gohlis verlegt, wo sie unmittelbar an der Strecke der Magdeburg-Leipziger Eisenbahn am heutigen S-Bahnhof Gohlis ansässig war. Das Unternehmen war beim Seilbahnbau weltweit führend und brach verschiedene Rekorde. Es produzierte sowohl Seilbahnen für Bergbau und Industrie als auch für touristische Zwecke, z. B. die Tiroler Zugspitzbahn (1926), die Nordkettenbahn und die Predigtstuhlbahn (beide 1927/28).

Nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs wurde die Fabrik in eine Sowjetische Aktiengesellschaft (SAG) umgewandelt und produzierte Kabel- und Autokrane, Verladebrücken, Frässchaufler, Kugelschaufler und Elektrokarren als Reparationsleistungen an die Sowjetunion. 1953 wurde es ein Volkseigener Betrieb unter dem Namen VEB Schwermaschinenbau Verlade- und Transportanlagen bzw. ab 1973 VEB Verlade- und Transportanlagen Leipzig Paul Fröhlich. Dieser war wiederum ab 1985 Stammbetrieb des Maschinenbaukombinats TAKRAF. 1991 wurde der Betrieb in Gohlis eingestellt, die Fabrikhallen standen leer. Von 2014 bis 2021 werden sie von der CG Gruppe unter dem Namen "Gohliser Höfe" für 80 Millionen Euro zu 234 Wohnungen, 8 Gewerbeflächen, eine Kita mit 90 Plätzen und ein Parkhaus für 280 Autos um- und ausgebaut.

Die 1890/91 errichtete Villa der Familie Bleichert an der Lützowstraße (dem ehemaligen Werksgelände gegenüber) wurde ab 1954 als Betriebs- und Stadtbezirks-Klubhaus "Heinrich Budde" genutzt (benannt nach einem Leipziger Ingenieur, der Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus leistete). Seit 1993 ist das "Budde-Haus" ein soziokulturelles Zentrum mit Veranstaltungsräumen und Treffpunkt verschiedener Bürgerinitiativen.

Stoye Fahrzeugbau
Die Firma Stoye-Fahrzeugbau-Leipzig zog nach der Zerstörung ihres Betriebs am Dösner Weg im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1944 in die Lindenthaler Straße in Gohlis (auf der "Insel" zwischen den Bahnstrecken nach Wahren und Plagwitz, Nähe Coppiplatz). Sie war der führende Hersteller von Motorrad-Beiwagen in der DDR und produzierte für Awtowelo, Simson, EMW sowie später MZ. Zwischen 1950 und 1990 wurden ca. 150.000 Seitenwagen produziert. Nach der Enteignung Stoyes wurde das Werk 1972 dem VEB Motorradwerk Zschopau angegliedert. Der Betrieb wurde 1990 eingestellt und auf dem Gelände ein Autohaus errichtet.

Kasernen

In der Zeit des Deutschen Kaiserreichs im späten 19. Jahrhundert wurden in Gohlis und im benachbarten Möckern mehrere Kasernen nebst Heeresbäckerei für die sächsische Armee gebaut. Diese bilden ein ganzes Kasernenviertel mit Backsteinbauten im Gründerzeitstil. Bis 1945 gab es hier Straßennamen wie Garnison-, Heer-, Artillerie-, Jäger- und Ulanenstraße. Heute sind sie nach Personen des militärischen Widerstands gegen den Nationalsozialismus benannt (z. B. Stauffenberg, Witzleben, Ludwig Beck, Tresckow).

Die Kasernen dienten nach 1918 der Reichswehr, Wehrmacht, den sowjetischen/russischen Truppen, der NVA und der Bundeswehr. Letztere nutzt heute nur noch die General-Olbricht-Kaserne, die sich unmittelbar jenseits der Ortsteilgrenze in Möckern befindet. Nach Auflösung der 13. Panzergrenadierdivision im Jahr 2013 zog hier das zentrale Ausbildungskommando des Heeres ein. Die übrigen Kasernen wurden nach Jahren des Leerstands seit ca. 2007 zum Teil zu Wohnanlagen umgebaut. Zum Teil wird das Gelände auch vom Freistaat Sachsen als Erstaufnahmeeinrichtung für Asylbewerber genutzt.

Bevölkerung und Statistik
Gohlis-Süd und -Mitte haben eine relativ junge Bevölkerung: Die Anteile der 25- bis 40-Jährigen und der Kleinkinder liegen jeweils über dem Leipziger Durchschnitt, der Anteil der Senioren ist deutlich unterdurchschnittlich. Umgekehrt verhält es sich in Gohlis-Nord, das einen Seniorenanteil von über 30 % aufweist (12,5 % sind sogar über 80 Jahre alt), während die Altersgruppen zwischen 20 und 50 Jahren unterrepräsentiert sind. In Gohlis-Süd gibt es zudem einen hohen Akademikeranteil: 61 % der Bewohner haben Abitur, 44 % einen Universitäts- oder Hochschulabschluss. Die Kriminalitätsrate liegt in Gohlis-Süd mit 121 registrierten Straftaten pro 1000 Einwohner etwas unter dem Leipziger Durchschnitt, in Gohlis-Mitte und -Nord deutlich darunter (66 bzw. 60).

Die Wahlbeteiligung bei der Bundestagswahl 2021 betrug in Gohlis Süd 80,5 % und in Gohlis Mitte 81,7 % und war damit höher als im Wahlkreis, während sie in Gohlis Nord nur 72,0 % erreichte. Gohlis gehört zum Bundestagswahlkreis Leipzig I (Wahlkreis 152). Bei den Zweitstimmen gab es in Gohlis folgendes Ergebnis (das Ergebnis des Wahlkreises dient als Vergleich):

Im Vergleich zum Wahlergebnis des gesamten Wahlkreises schneiden die Grünen in Süd und Mitte überdurchschnittlich, die AfD und CDU reziprok dazu unterdurchschnittlich ab. In Gohlis Nord ist es umgekehrt. Das SPD-Ergebnis ist in Gohlis durchschnittlich bis überdurchschnittlich im Vergleich zum Gesamtwahlkreis, das der LINKEN in allen drei Ortsteilen unterdurchschnittlich. Die FDP ist im Süden und in der Mitte stärker als im Durchschnitt des Gesamtwahlkreises.

Bei Wahlen zum Sächsischen Landtag gehört Gohlis zum Wahlkreis Leipzig 6.

Schulen

Am 20. Januar 1874 wurde in Gohlis das zu dieser Zeit vermutlich modernste Schulgebäude in Deutschland eingeweiht. Es war mit Schulbänken ausgestattet, die von Ernst Kunze aus Chemnitz entworfen und von dem Orthopäden Carl Hermann Schildbach empfohlen worden waren. Darüber hinaus war die Schule vollständig nach Grundsätzen gebaut, die der Mediziner Karl Heinrich Reclam in seinem Buch der vernünftigen Lebensweise beschrieben hatte:
 Freie Lage des Schulhauses an einem ruhigen Ort, nach Norden von einem geräumigen "Turnplatz" und nach Süden von einer Art "botanischem Garten" mit einheimischen Bäumen und Sträuchern umgeben.
 Hohe und große Klassenzimmer von mindestens 12 Fuß (ca. 3,75 m) Höhe, die durch große Fenster gut beleuchtet sind.
 Lage der Klassenzimmer nach Norden zur Vermeidung von Störungen durch wechselnde Sonneneinstrahlung bzw. Betätigung von Rouleaux.
 Breite Korridore (von 11 Fuß Breite; etwa 3,50 m).
 Zentralheizung und Ventilation im gesamten Haus.
 Außerhalb des Hauses befindliche Toiletten, die durch einen überdachten Verbindungsgang erreichbar sind.

Heute befinden sich in Gohlis insgesamt sechs Grundschulen, vier Oberschulen, ein Gymnasium und ein Förderzentrum:
Gohlis-Nord
 Hans-Kroch-Schule (Grundschule)
 Karl-Liebknecht-Schule (Grundschule)
 Johann-Heinrich-Pestalozzi-Schule (Förderzentrum mit dem Förderschwerpunkt Lernen)

Gohlis-Mitte
 35. Schule (Oberschule)

Gohlis-Süd
 Erich-Kästner-Schule (Grundschule)
 Schule Erfurter Straße (Grundschule)
 Geschwister-Scholl-Schule (Grundschule)
 Aktive Schule Leipzig (Grund- und Oberschule in freier Trägerschaft)
 68. Schule (Oberschule; ehem. Gebäude der Hans-und-Hilde-Coppi-Schule)
 Oberschule Gohlis (in freier Trägerschaft)
 Friedrich-Schiller-Schule (Gymnasium)

Sport

In Gohlis haben die SG Olympia 1896 Leipzig und SG Motor Gohlis-Nord ("MoGoNo") ihren Sitz. Erstere betreibt den Sportplatz Mühlwiese am Rand des Rosentals in Gohlis-Süd; Heimstätte der letzteren ist das Stadion des Friedens in Gohlis-Nord. Motor Gohlis-Nord steht in der Tradition des SC Wacker Leipzig, der von 1895 bis 1945 bestand. Wacker und Olympia gehörten zu den Gründungsvereinen des DFB. Auf den SC Wacker geht auch das Wackerbad zurück – ein Freibad neben dem Stadion des Friedens, das 2019 wegen Sanierungsbedarf geschlossen wurde. In Gohlis befinden sich zwei Hallenbäder der stadteigenen Sportbäder Leipzig GmbH (siehe Liste der Schwimmbäder in Leipzig): die Schwimmhalle Nord am Arthur-Bretschneider-Park (unmittelbar an der Ortsteilgrenze zu Eutritzsch) und die Schwimmhalle Mitte an der Kirschbergstraße in Gohlis-Süd. Im Grenzbereich zwischen Gohlis und Möckern spielte in den Jahren zwischen 1950 und 1991 der Armeeclub Vorwärts Leipzig im Vorwärts-Stadion. Der an die NVA angegliederte Verein spielte zwei Spielzeiten DDR-Oberliga, viele Jahre (Zweite) Liga und wich später häufiger ins Stadion des Friedens aus.

Verkehr
Im Stadtteil befinden sich die S-Bahnhöfe Gohlis und Coppiplatz, die von den Linien S1 und S3 der S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland bedient werden. Die Straßenbahnlinien 4 (Endhaltestelle Gohlis, Landsberger Straße) und 12 (Gohlis-Nord) führen parallel zueinander in nord-südlicher Richtung durch Gohlis. Sie werden an der Georg-Schumann-Straße von den nordwest-südöstlich verlaufenden Linien 10 und 11 gekreuzt. Alle genannten Linien verbinden Gohlis mit der Leipziger Innenstadt. Die Buslinien 80 und 90 stellen in hoher Taktdichte Querverbindungen zu den östlichen und nordwestlichen Stadtteilen her. Stark frequentierte Achsen des motorisierten Individualverkehrs sind die Max-Liebermann-Straße (Teil des Mittleren Rings und der Bundesstraße 6), die Georg-Schumann-Straße, Platnerstraße, Lindenthaler/Landsberger Straße sowie die Lützow-/Virchowstraße.

Persönlichkeiten

Söhne und Töchter des Ortes
 Karl Wittgenstein (1847–1913), Unternehmer in Österreich-Ungarn
 Gustav Kuntzsch (1848–1919), Holzbildhauer
 Max Kuntzsch (1851–1919), Imker und Bienenforscher
 Arthur Meiner (1865–1952), Verleger
 Richard Illge (1868–1948), Politiker, Mitglied des Sächsischen Landtags
 Martin Seydel (1871–1934), Musikwissenschaftler, Stimmbildner und Philosoph
 Hans Friedrich (1887–1967), Maler und Illustrator
 Johannes Grosse (1890–1977), Lehrer und evangelischer Pfarrer
 Herbert Thiele (1907–1940), Kommunist und Widerstandskämpfer gegen das NS-Regime
 Rudi Opitz (1908–1939), Fotograf und Chemigraf, Gegner und Opfer des Nationalsozialismus
 Hans Lubsczyk (1911–2008), katholischer Theologe und Exeget
 Hans Bleckwenn (1912–1990), Arzt und Militärhistoriker
 Hans Joachim Neidhardt (* 1925), Kunsthistoriker und Museumskustos
 Christian Kunert (* 1952), Liedermacher und Musiker

Persönlichkeiten, die in Gohlis gewirkt haben

 Julius Wilhelm von Pittler, 1854–1910, Erfinder und Industrieller
 Michael Heinrich Horn (1623–1681), Chemiker und Mediziner
 Lüder Mencke (1658–1726), Gelehrter und Jurist
 Johann Caspar Richter (1708–1770), Kaufmann und Ratsherr
 Johann Gottlob Böhme (1717–1780), Historiker und Staatsrechtler
 Friedrich Schiller (1759–1805), Dichter und Dramatiker
 Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Berg (1793–1825), Landwirt und Schriftsteller
 Adolf Bleichert (1845–1901), Gründer der Fabrik für Drahtseilbahnen
 Nathan Söderblom (1866–1931), evangelischer Theologe
 Hans Kroch (1887–1970), Bankier, Auftraggeber der Krochsiedlung
 Max Alfred Brumme (1891–1967), Bildhauer und Maler
 Max Schwimmer (1895–1960), Maler und Graphiker
 Georg Maurer (1907–1971), Schriftsteller
 Werner Tübke (1929–2004), Maler und Graphiker
 Erich Loest (1926–2013), Schriftsteller und DDR-Dissident

Siehe auch
 Liste der Kulturdenkmale in Gohlis-Süd (A–F)
 Liste der Kulturdenkmale in Gohlis-Süd (G–M)
 Liste der Kulturdenkmale in Gohlis-Süd (N–Z)
 Liste der Kulturdenkmale in Gohlis-Mitte, A–K
 Liste der Kulturdenkmale in Gohlis-Mitte, L–Z
 Liste der Kulturdenkmale in Gohlis-Nord

Literatur

 Willy Ebert: Gohlis – Aus der Geschichte eines Leipziger Vorortes. Verlag: Lehmann & Schüppel, Druck: Metzger & Wittig, 138 Seiten, Leipzig 1926
 Bürgerverein Gohlis (Hrsg.): 675 Jahre Gohlis. 1317–1992 – Festschrift. Gohliser historische Hefte 1, Gohlis 1992.
 Bürgerverein Gohlis (Hrsg.): 680 Jahre Gohlis. 1317–1997 – Festschrift. Gohliser historische Hefte 2, Leipzig 1997.
 Bürgerverein Gohlis (Hrsg.): Archiv der Stadtteilzeitung Gohlis-Forum. Informationen des Bürgervereins Gohlis Gohlis Forum Archiv
 Bürgerverein Gohlis (Hrsg.): Von der "Villa Hilda" zum Klubhaus "Heinrich Budde" – Beiträge zur Geschichte des "Heinrich-Budde-Hauses" Leipzig-Gohlis. Gohliser historische Hefte 4, Leipzig 1999.
 Axel Frey: Die Friedenskirche zu Leipzig-Gohlis – Leipzigs älteste neogotische Kirche. Gohliser historische Hefte 5, Leipzig 2000.
 Uta-Andrea Weitzmann u. a.: Neu-Gohlis – Eine historische und städtebauliche Studie. Pro Leipzig, Leipzig 2003.
 Bernd Rüdiger u. a.: Alt-Gohlis. Eine historische und städtebauliche Studie. 2., überarb. Aufl., Pro Leipzig, Leipzig 2009.
 Stefan W. Krieg u. a.: Industriearchitektur in Leipzig-Gohlis. Gohliser historische Hefte 10, Sax-Verlag, Markkleeberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-86729-042-5.
 Manfred Hötzel u. Dieter Kürschner: Straßennamen in Gohlis – Geschichte und Erläuterung. Gohliser historische Hefte 6; 2., überarb. u. erw. Aufl., Leipzig 2011.
 Manfred Hötzel u. a.: 700 Jahre Gohlis 1317-2017 – Ein Gohliser Geschichtsbuch. Gohliser historische Hefte (Sonderband), Sax-Verlag, Markkleeberg 2017, ISBN 978-3-86729-200-9.

Weblinks

 , abgerufen am 28. Februar 2018.
 Informationswebseite Mein Stadtteil der Stadt Leipzig für Gohlis
 Leipziger Kinder- und Jugendbüro: Kinderstadtteilplan Georg-Schumann-Straße
 Die ehemalige Gemeinde im Leipzig-Lexikon, abgerufen am 26. Februar 2018.
 Gohlis – in Beispielen, abgerufen am 26. Februar 2018.
 Alt-Gohlis – Dorf und Großstadtviertel, abgerufen am 28. Februar 2018.
 Friedrich Adolph Kritzinger: Der Spaziergang nach Gohlis. 1781. (Digitalisat der ULB Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale))

Einzelnachweise

Gohlis
Ehemalige Gemeinde (Leipzig)
Ersterwähnung 1317
Gemeindeauflösung 1890
Deutscher Ortsname slawischer Herkunft

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: What's this &block in Ruby? And how does it get passed in a method here? Saw this piece of code in a Ruby on Rails book. This first one is from a view and the second one is a helper module. I don't understand how that &block and the attributes={} thing work. Can anyone guide me to a tutorial of some kind explaining this?
<% hidden_div_if(@cart.items.empty?, :id => "cart") do %>
 <%= render(:partial => "cart", :object => @cart) %>
<% end %>

module StoreHelper
 def hidden_div_if(condition, attributes = {}, &block)
  if condition
   attributes["style"] = "display: none"
  end
   content_tag("div", attributes, &block)
  end
end

A: Re attributes = {}, that's just a method argument with a default value. So if you call hidden_div_if(whatever), that is, passing only the first argument, attributes would default to an empty hash.
That's useful because it simplifies setting attributes["style"] later, as attributes doesn't have to be initialized to a hash first. (Which might nonetheless be done simply as (attributes ||= {})["style"] = ….)

&block is only slightly more complicated.
Ruby methods can take a last argument that is a block, using the special syntax method(args) { |block_args| block_code }. &block basically captures that block into the block variable as a Proc object. So block is just a variable pointing to an anonymous procedure here.
When later content_tag is called, and &block is passed as its last argument, it's expanded into a block, like if the call was indeed content_tag(…) { block originally passed to hidden_if_div }

So maybe I was really confusing here. What you should google for is "ruby default arguments" and "ruby blocks".

A: Ruby implements Blocks, Procs and lambdas which are referred to as closures in the computer science community.
If you beginning to learn Ruby you will quickly run into code that looks like this.
a = ["dog", "cat", "bird"]
a.alter_each! do |n, i|
  "#{i}_#{n}"
end

So whats going on here?
We start off with an array of animal names and call the alter_each! method passing a block. In this block of code we can specify how we want to alter each item. Our example will prefix each animal name with it's position in the array. As the alter_each! method iterates through each item it will execute our block passing the value and index. Our block captures these params, prefixes the index to the name and returns the result.
Now lets look at the alter_each! method.
Notice the method doesn't specify any params, that's because a block is automatically assigned to yield keyword. yield is called like a function passing in the value and index of each item in the array and overriding the original value.
class Array
  def alter_each!
    self.each_with_index do |n, i|
      self[i] = yield(n,i)
    end
  end
end

What if you need to pass a param to this method?
You can modify the method signature to accept params and finally catch the block with a param starting with an ampersand. In the example below our block will be captured with the &block param which we will invoke the call method. This is in place of using yield
class Array
  def modify_each!(add_one = true, &block)
    self.each_with_index do |n, i|
      j = (add_one) ? (i + 1) : i
      self[i] = block.call(n,j)
    end
  end
end

Full article on ruby blocks

A: The &block is a way of sending a piece of Ruby code in to a method and then evaluating that code in the scope of that method. In your example code above it means a partial named cart will be rendered in a div. I think the term closure is used for this in computer science.
So in your example the &block is:
<%= render(:partial => "cart", :object => @cart) %>

Some good reading and an explanation of blocks, procs and lamdas can be found at Robert Sosinski's blog.

A: Blocks are a fairly basic part of ruby.  They're delimited by either do |arg0,arg1| ... end or { |arg0,arg1,arg2| ... }.
They allow you to specify a callback to pass to a method.
This callback can be invoked two ways - either by capturing
it by specifying a final argument prefixed with &, or by
using the yield keyword:
irb> def meth_captures(arg, &block)
       block.call( arg, 0 ) + block.call( arg.reverse , 1 )
     end
#=> nil
irb> meth_captures('pony') do |word, num|
       puts "in callback! word = #{word.inspect}, num = #{num.inspect}"
       word + num.to_s
     end
in callback! word = "pony" num = 0
in callback! word = "ynop" num = 1
#=> "pony0ynop1"
irb> def meth_yields(arg)
       yield(arg, 0) + yield(arg.upcase, 1)
     end
#=> nil
irb> meth_yields('frog') do |word, num|
       puts "in callback! word = #{word.inspect}, num = #{num.inspect}"
       word + num.to_s
     end
in callback! word = "frog", num = 0
in callback! word = "FROG", num = 1
#=> "frog0FROG1"

Note that our callback was the same in each case - we can remove
repetition by saving our callback in an object, and then passing it to each
method.  This can be done using lambda to capture the callback in an object,
and then passed to a method by prefixing it with &.
irb> callback = lambda do |word, num|
       puts "in callback! word = #{word.inspect}, num = #{num.inspect}"
       word + num.to_s
     end
#=> #<Proc:0x0052e3d8@(irb):22>
irb> meth_captures('unicorn', &callback)
in callback! word = "unicorn", num = 0
in callback! word = "nrocinu", num = 1
#=> "unicorn0nrocinu1"
irb> meth_yields('plate', &callback)
in callback! word = "plate", num = 0
in callback! word = "PLATE", num = 1
#=> "plate0PLATE1"

It's important to understand the different uses of & here as a prefix to the last argument of a function

*

*in a function definition, it captures any passed block into that object

*in a function call, it expands the given callback object into a block

If you look around blocks are used all over the place, especially in iterators, like Array#each.

A: It works like this:
@cart.items.empty? is the codition
:id => "cart"  Becomes attributes as per convention you can remove {} on a param hash if it is last one.
the block is
render(:partial => "cart", :object => @cart)
so within the function if the cart is empty it will add the attribute
style with value "display: none"
Then it will create a div tag filled with the content of the result of executing the block which will be the result of rendering the partial view cart with the contents of @cart.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Notepad Unicode Problem! How to suppress the flicker issue in .NET's ListView?
For those who are not familiar with MFC, the CWaitCursor class provides a way to show a wait cursor, which is usually displayed as an hourglass, while you're doing a lengthy operation. There are plenty of ways to modify the pointing device's cursor under C#, however, the one I'm going to bring up here is simple and straight forward that has been used over the past years for my programs.
/// Provides a utility class to handle the pointing device's wait cursor.
/// Initializes a new instance of the WaitCursor class.
/// Sets the default cursor.


text:
Definition of Socialism
The definition of socialism varies a bit from source to source, but is essentially this: socialism amounts to collective ownership where the state owns and controls the means of production.
Some sources offer more than one definition.
For example, yourdictionary.com gives the following as one way in which socialism is defined:
"the stage of society, in Marxist doctrine, coming between the capitalist stage and the communist stage, in which private ownership of the means of production and distribution has been eliminated."
Socialism Defined
A definition of socialism as noted above leads to:
Increased Government spending
Increased Government dependence
Large Government bureaucracy
No ownership of private property
Socialism defined is, in its very essence:
~ anti - individual responsibility
~ anti - free enterprise
~ anti - "no free lunch"
A passage from the Bible says: "If a man will not work, neither shall he eat". Individual responsibility and a strong work ethic have been a part of every great nation since time began.
Following is one of the best socialism definitions I think I've ever heard. Read it and ponder.
"You cannot legislate the poor into freedom by legislating the wealthy out of freedom. What one person receives without working for, another person must work for without receiving. The government cannot give to anybody any thing that the government does not first take from somebody else. When half of the people get the idea that they do not have to work because the other half is going to take care of them, and when the other half gets the idea that it does no good to work because somebody else is going to get what they work for, that, my dear friend, is about the end of any nation. You cannot multiply wealth by dividing it."
(The late Dr. Adrian Pierce Rogers, 1931-2005)
Let's not let the definition of socialism become the mantra of the USA government. Let your voice be heard in Washington, D.C. After all, the leaders are supposed to be representing YOU.
Crucial Definition of Freedom Essay
Go from Definition of Socialism to Government Isms
Americana Music and Memories Home


text:
Q: "Vehicle-model design" or "vehicle model-design" Which is the correct way to use the hyphen?
a) Vehicle-model design
b) Vehicle model-design
From experience, option b) seems accurate as it can be replaced with "design of vehicle model."


In this section of scripture we read about the birth of twins to Rivkah and Yitzak. We read of the on going tension between the boys and the eventual leaving of Ya'acov to the home of Rivkah's brother. This section is filled with relational issues that arise in a family and I think gives us some insight in the correct way to deal with them. This is the main thrust of what I would like to look at today.
First, however, I would like to get your responses to my first question this week. What three things set Yitzak apart from the other two patriarchs? First, Ya'acov never left the Land of Promise. Second, He only had one wife and third he never had his name changed. In Jewish commentaries this is part of the reason he is seen as the most spiritual of the three. One other thing, how long did he pray for a child? He prayed twenty years. He and Rivkah waited on G-d and did not resort to taking another wife.
Now I want us to look at the actions of the people in this section as they dealt with each other. The first issue we see between the brothers is in the matter of the birthright. Esav returned from hunting, Ya'acov was making red lentil soup. Esav asked for a bowl of soup which his brother offered to him in exchange for his birthright. What was included in the birthright? The birthright included a double portion of the material wealth of the clan on the death of the father and more importantly the spiritual leadership of the family. Esav accepted the offer and the Torah says he sat, ate, rose up and left. What might we infer from his actions? He was impetuous, and his flesh ruled his actions. In fact the Torah says he wasted his birthright – all for a bowl of soup. He was ruled by instant gratification. Ya'acov did not cheat him. Esav agreed to the deal.
Our next issue I want to examine is the giving of the blessing by Yitzak. First a little back ground on Genesis 25:19-20. Avraham's name is mentioned twice. Usually this is a sign G-d is saying something. Then we see Rivkah's lineage mentioned. In this you find three words: Aramean, aram and Aramean again. It will help us here to know that the root of these words is ramai (meaning to deceive). So Torah is giving us a picture of the coming conflict in some ways. The battle between how the family will be led – by the promises of G-d to Avraham or by the deception of Rivkah's family of origin. Remember when Rivkah was chosen by the servant to be Yitzak's wife and her family tried to delay the process? They asked to delay her leaving. When the question was put to her she quickly chose to go away from her family. She readily embraced the G-d of Yitzak. The Torah tells us she moved straight away into Sarah's tent. All this tells us she had turned her back on her family's deceptive ways.
Then we come to this incident of the blessing. Rivkah knew that Ya'acov was to be the leader of the family. G-d told her as much. She also knew that Yitzak loved Esav more than Ya'acov. She is faced with a dilemma. What to do? Here we come to the faith crisis. As believers we are often faced with choices. How to deal with an issue, face it head on or maybe employee methods that we learned in our families of origin that do not bring life. Are we ever tempted to lie or not be completely honest to get the result we think is best? I expect she had this battle in her spirit – trust G-d or take care of it yourself. She reverted back to what had worked at home and did not rely on G-d to bring about His will in the blessing of her sons. She and Ya'acov both deceived their husband and father. My point is, good does not come from deception. We surely see it in Ya'acov's life. He is cheated and deceived over and over in the years of his life. Laban cheats him and he worked many years for his love. His sons later deceive him saying Yosef was dead. Notice anything about these two deceptions? First he married the wrong woman, as Yitzak had blessed the wrong son, both because they could not see. Later he is told his favorite son is dead and it is proven to him by the clothes of the son. He and his mother used Esav's clothes to deceive Yitzak. The deception of Ya'acov returned to him.
My point is, we as G-d's children have been and are adopted into the family of G-d. We can't return to the ways of our past. If we do the lessons can be difficult for us to bear. We are new creations and as such are called to live not as deceivers but as believers. G-d has us. We do not have to resort to our old unredeemed ways to work things out in our life.


text:
Q: How to hide the button keeping the position? I have this example and I would like to fix the position of the field when the info button won´t be active.

How to do this in css?
In the view I am creating dinamically this field with this code, calling correctly when I generate the form..
generateInfoForField: function (f, infoText) {
    return {
      xtype : 'container',
      layout: {
        type: 'hbox'
      },
      items : [
        f,
        {
          xtype    : 'button',
          cls      : 'infoText',
          iconCls  : 'info',
          infoText : infoText,
          itemId   : 'infoText',
          listeners: {
            tap: {
              scope: this,
              fn   : this.infoButtonTapped
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    };
  },

And the css class is:
.infoText {
  margin-top: .3em;
  margin-right: .5em;
}

A: Try putting
visibility: hidden; to your button when it should be hidden. This way it still takes up the space needed, so the other elements' position will not be changed.

A: It would be useful to see some code, but without this, the normal method to achieve something like this would be to give the child element position: absolute; and the parent element position: relative;.
In this context the parent element would likely be the bar itself, with the children being the decimal text, the input and the info button. You would need to absolutely position the info button, relatively position the bar and then place the info button in the correct position using the top and right css properties.


Perrin's varsity softball squad finished 1-1-1 at the Jacksboro Tournament over the weekend.
The year 2016 has been exciting on many levels for Jack County athletes with several of them tasting the playoffs for the first time after a less than spectacular 2015.
WICHITA FALLS – "It's a great place to start."
PERRIN – After two years of coming ohsoclose to the postseason, Perrin-Whitt got over the hump in 2016.


text:
Q: Can't change language in Android device I am trying to change my device's language in my app. I have this code:
Locale locale = new Locale("en_US");
Locale.setDefault(locale);
Configuration config = new Configuration();
config.locale = locale;
getApplicationContext().getResources().updateConfiguration(config, null);
Log.i("some","Well, I tried!");

But this code does not change state of my device, and in LogCat I can see "Well, I tried" message. What are the possible reasons of such strange behaviour?

A: Edit this line
getApplicationContext().getResources().updateConfiguration(config, null);

like this:
context.getApplicationContext().getResources().updateConfiguration(config, null);

A: If you came here for language problems for builds after Summer 2021, it may have nothing to do with your code. We had the same issue and the problem was the new bundle (.aab) requirement (required since Summer 2021).

With app bundles, devices download only the code and resources they require to run your app. So, for language resources, a user's device downloads only your app's language resources that match the one or more languages currently selected in the device's settings.
Read further

Basically, the language file is not downloaded if the device does not support that language. There are 2 ways to solve it:
Option 1 (Easiest): Just disable the bundle optimization
Add this in your build.gradle file:
android {
    bundle {
        language {
            enableSplit = false
        }
    }
// ...
// Other configuration
}

Option 2: Download the language file on demand
Use the method described here.
How to debug
Before applying these methods,

*

*Delete the app

*Add the new language in the device settings

*Download the app again

If the app supports the new language then the problem is definitely the bundle optimization and the above mentioned solutions will work.

A: To change the applications locale manually.
You will need to set the locale using the code below.
Locale locale = new Locale("AR"); // AR here is for arabic
Locale.setDefault(locale);
Configuration config = new Configuration();
config.locale = locale;
getBaseContext().getResources().updateConfiguration(config,
getBaseContext().getResources().getDisplayMetrics());

Make sure it is set in the activity "onCreate" method before calling the "setContentView" method.
Also see that the resource files are specified for the language required.


text:
'Democracy Museum' dedicated to former premier to be opened on Jan 15 – Hurriyet Daily News
A new museum in memory of Adnan Menderes, a former Turkish premier who was toppled and then executed by a military junta in the beginning of the 1960s, will be inaugurated on Jan. 15 in the Aegean province of Aydın's Koçarlı district.
The three-story structure named "Democracy Museum" will be opened to public with an official ceremony held with the participation of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.
The museum, located in Menderes' hometown's Çakırbeyli neighborhood, was erected in two years after massive construction works.
"I am very proud of being the muhtar of Menderes' homeland," Özer Orcan, the local head of the neigborhood, told Demirören News Agency on Jan. 13.
He urged all youth to visit the museum. "People over the age of 65 know who he was. But I want young people to know him well," he noted.
A tractor Menderes used in 1954 in his farm and his official car between 1950 and 1960 will welcome the visitors at the entrance of the museum's compound.
His personal belongings, including his War of Independence medal, will be displayed in the exhibition hall of the museum.
A digital library will be showing the newspaper front pages of his time and visitors will see the military trial Menderes faced in a cinevision show. A two-story restaurant and a mosque were also built near the museum building.
"A history lies inside this museum," Orcan added.
Nedim Kaplan, the mayor of Koçarlı, highlighted the importance of the neighborhood, calling Menderes a "democracy martyr."
"People visiting the region will live the soul of the 1960s. I recommend this museum to all," he said.
Turkey,
UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson was fighting for his political future Friday as outrage mounted after his belated apology for attending a party during lockdown and as a fresh report emerged of other raucous gatherings at his office.
Turkey's electricity consumption increased by 12.4 percent on an annual basis in 2021, according to data from the Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation (TEİAŞ).
Fenerbahçe on Jan. 12 turned to its former manager Ismail Kartal to head the Istanbul side for a second time.


text:
You are at:AgEconMT»News & Posts»Crops»Hemp is the next big _______
Hemp is the next big _______
By Kate Fuller on	 February 17, 2019 Crops, Policy, Specialty
In 2016, Montana had zero reported acres of industrial hemp. In 2018, Montana narrowly became number one in the country for hemp acres at approximately 22,000 acres. In a state with over 5 million acres planted to wheat alone, that's still a relatively small number. But it represents a dramatic increase and one that is getting a lot of attention.
Montana is now number one in industrial hemp acreage.
Data source: VoteHemp.org
So, what's up? One of the reasons that industrial hemp has been such a buzzing topic is that cultivation has largely been banned for many years. The 2018 farm bill changed that and labels industrial help as a commodity crop that can be covered by federal crop insurance. OK, what does industrial hemp mean? The Montana Annotated Code defines industrial hemp as "all parts and varieties of the plant Cannabis sativa L. containing no greater than 0.3% tetrahydrocannabinol," or THC.
Hemp is far from being included in Montana's top acreage crops.
Another reason I hypothesize that hemp has generated so much interest is prices for most major commodity crops are not great right now. USDA forecasts that year over year net farm income will decline approximately 12% from 2017 levels, which were a brief respite from the previous several years of declines. According to Health Canada, hemp has a short growing season and suppresses weeds, both of which are pretty desirable qualities in general, but particularly for Montana growers. And there have been reports of farmers turning a nice profit growing hemp while other crops have had a rough time in the market.
Where is this hemp production taking place in the state? Data from Ian Foley at the Montana Department of Ag show the bulk being produced in Montana's northern counties—with Roosevelt, Sheridan, and Toole counties as the top three in terms of acreage for 2018. These counties are all pretty close to Canada, where hemp production has been legal since 1998 and grew nearly 140,000 acres in 2017.
Currently, there are no shortage of purported uses for the crop, including paper, rope, protein supplements, and construction materials. One product that has received a lot of attention over the last couple years is CBD, or cannabidiol. At least a couple CBD processing facilities are currently in the works in Montana. But both the legality of cannabidiol, and its efficacy (especially with regard to dosing) in many suggested uses such as treating anxiety are murky.
So, is hemp the next big thing? Probably not for risk averse farmers. Some advisors are suggesting that growers secure a purchaser before planting, which would address at least some of the market, but not production risk. Signs point to acreage of industrial hemp expanding over the coming year, which would increase supply and potentially drive prices down if demand doesn't keep up, potentially adding hemp to the list of crops fetching pretty marginal (or negative) returns. But as supply chains are formed and research continues, it's certainly something to watch.
This post was written with help from MSU DAEE Graduate Student Molly DelCurto, MSU Extension Cropping Systems Specialist Kent McVay, and Johns Hopkins Post-doctoral Research Fellow Manoj Doss.
Kate Fuller
Kate Binzen Fuller is an assistant professor and extension specialist in the Department of Agricultural Economics and Economics at Montana State University. She holds an M.S. and Ph.D. from the University of California, Davis. Her extension and research program focuses on the economics of farm management decisions, including USDA programs and policies, pest and disease responses, and issues surrounding leasing and land values. Kate's extension program takes her on the road often, resulting in a rapidly expanding knowledge and appreciation for Montana's interstates, highways, and (especially) gravel roads.