text:
Jump into a virtual wonder.land with Play Nicely...
Published on Thursday, 26th November 2015, contributed by Play Nicely
Play Nicely has collaborated with the National Theatre and 59 Productions to create a free exhibition of otherworldly digital experiences to accompany the upcoming musical wonder.land. enter wonder.land will open on 26th November and run until April 2016.
Inspired by Lewis Carroll's iconic story, wonder.land is a coming-of-age adventure that explores the blurred boundaries between our online and offline lives. enter wonder.land complements the production through a creative use of technologies: Oculus Rift, Kinect, Google Cardboard and Augmented Reality face-tracking, all delivered by Play Nicely.
The free exhibition was conceived by the NT's Head of Digital, Toby Coffey, who worked with designers Tom Paris and Rae Smith, to give audiences an immersive experience in addition to the stage production. It builds on the Virtual Reality research development Play Nicely was already undertaking with the National, alongside 59 Productions' incredible wonder.land performance visuals which were re-appropriated for the interactive exhibition.
The central experience in the enter wonder.land exhibition is the Virtual Reality installation - fabulous wonder.land - a VR music video, experienced through Oculus Rift. Audiences explore the extraordinary 360° landscape of wonder.land as all around them the hypnotic garden scene sways and pulses to the sound of fabulous, one of Damon Albarn's compositions.
Looking up they see the Cheshire cat, floating majestically as if he were the conductor of their content. This multi-coloured, wildly imaginative virtual landscape places the audience in the centre of an interactive immersion lasting around five minutes.
Other equally original digital expressions of the narrative include a Kinect experience allowing a physically reactive wonder.land garden experience, an Augmented Reality face-tracking magic mirror wall, wonder.land character avatar-maker and Google Cardboard home VR experience for iOS and Andorid.
Play Nicely director Oliver Lindsey commented:
"Being part of the first digitally interactive exhibition staged by the National Theatre is typical of the artistic and technological risks that Play Nicely takes in the pursuit of genuinely original content production. We love surprising an audience and find that doing so increases the power of the message or narrative. The challenge was to create an entirely new audience experience beyond the auditorium which allows visitors to feel physically part of the wonder.land world."
wonder.land


text:
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Extra!
Sports	By John Zant	| Thu Apr 06, 2017 | 12:00am
Joe Pasternack Aims to Make His Mark at UCSB
New Coach the Third in 34 Years for Gauchos
Joe Pasternack shows off his youthful demeanor at his first UCSB press conference.
Paul Wellman
Ten years ago, Joe Pasternack became a head basketball coach in NCAA Division 1 under dire circumstances. An assistant coach with the Cal Bears, he took the helm at the University of New Orleans (UNO) when the Privateers were still adrift from the impact of Hurricane Katrina. They had achieved some stability when he left after four years to join Sean Miller's staff at the University of Arizona.
Miller promoted Pasternack to associate head coach during a six-year period in which the Wildcats reached a pair of Sweet 16s and a pair of Elite Eights in the NCAA tournament. Those were pretty good cards for him to show when he came to Santa Barbara looking to take charge of another program that is reeling a bit.
It was a bold stroke for UCSB to make Pasternack just the third head coach of the Gaucho men's team in the past 34 years. His predecessors, Jerry Pimm and Bob Williams, were both 45 when they came to Santa Barbara, and they settled into long and generally successful careers. Pimm's teams filled the Thunderdome for epic games against UNLV and achieved UCSB's only victory in the NCAA tournament. Williams had a 19-year run that included three NCAA appearances and the most wins (313) of any UCSB men's coach. The Gauchos averaged 17 victories a season before fading to 6-22 in 2016-17.
There's a burst of energy that comes with the hiring of Pasternack. He turns 40 on April 15 and is eager to make his mark.
UCSB athletics director John McCutcheon listed the new coach's attributes: "He was in the UC system at Cal; he has head coaching experience; he has recruiting ties in the West Coast; he was involved in game planning and on-floor coaching at Arizona."
For his part, Pasternack said in a statement that was released prior to his introductory press conference: "I am really excited for the opportunity to build a comprehensive program at UCSB. I expect us to be competing for Big West championships each year and developing student-athletes on and off the court."
Pasternack is a New Orleans native — a factor in his taking the UNO job after Katrina — and he attended the Indiana University, where he was a student manager on Bob Knight's basketball staff. He headed west to Cal after graduating.
Because of his youth, there's always the possibility that UCSB will become a short-term steppingstone for Pasternak to move up to a major program. "If that happens, he'll have done something special for us," McCutcheon said. A five-year deal is in the works, the AD said.
MARCH MADNESS: I never had any success in filling out an NCAA bracket, finishing near the bottom of every pool I entered in the past decade. My wife was always in contention for the top spot. This year I hopefully named my entry "Cubs Won So Can I." Lo and behold, my Final Four included North Carolina, Gonzaga, and Oregon, finishing in that order, and I wound up No. 1 … In the final game, the Tar Heels and Zags combined to make 46 of 132 shots — 34.8 percent — worse than the 37.7 percent that was the bane of UCSB (346th out of 347 D-1 teams). … By far the biggest upset was the UConn women's first defeat in 112 games, at the hands of a Mississippi State team the Huskies had defeated by 60 points a year ago.
AIMING HIGH: Where does an Olympic high jump champion find another challenge? Canada's Derek Drouin will make his debut in the decathlon this weekend at the Sam Adams Combined Events Invitational meet at Westmont College. Drouin jumped over the bar at 2.38 meters (7′9¾″) to win the gold medal at Rio last summer. His best is 2.40 (7′10½″). The high jump is the fourth of 10 decathlon events and should take place between 4 and 6 p.m. Friday, April 7. The meet also includes a women's heptathlon and will continue Saturday starting at 10:30 a.m.
JOHN ZANT'S GAME OF THE WEEK
4/7: College Men's Volleyball: BYU at UCSB Nostalgia will be the theme Friday evening when longtime public-address announcer Marc "Cubby" Jacobs calls his last match and, between the second and third games, former coach Ken Preston is honored as a "Legend of the Dome." Preston coached the Gauchos for 30 years (1979-2008) and took them to the NCAA championship match in 1988. On the court, the curtain will be coming down on UCSB's 2017 season, barring a miracle. When they lost to USC last week, the Gauchos fell out of the top eight teams that will advance to the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation playoffs. They would have to defeat third-ranked BYU twice (another match will be played Thu., Apr. 6, at 7pm at Rob Gym) to have a shot at the postseason. 5pm. The Thunderdome, UCSB. $5-$8. Call 893-UCSB (8272) or visit ucsbgauchos.com.
S.B. ATHLETIC ROUND TABLE ATHLETES OF THE WEEK
Andrea Mueller, SBCC track and field
The freshman broke a 26-year-old school record by scoring 4,382 points in the heptathlon at the Jim Klein Combined Events meet at Westmont.
Henry Hancock, Santa Barbara High volleyball
In a showdown for first place in the Channel League, the senior piled up 25 kills, leading the Dons to a four-set victory over Dos Pueblos.
Brie Walker, Cate School lacrosse
The Rams remained undefeated thanks to the five goals and five assists posted by Walker, a junior, in a 13-12 victory over Thousand Oaks.
Diego Jasso, San Marcos baseball
The junior's big hits (a three-run homer, two-run homer, and three-run double) led the Royals to three wins in a tournament at Tucson, Arizona.
John Zant
Foresters Player of the Week: Hunter Breault
Semana Nautica Tackles the Hills
Polo Ponies Get Prepped for Season
Isla Vista Drivers Hits Pedestrian, Building, and Four Parked Cars on DP
Briefs	By Delaney Smith	| Mon Jul 15, 2019 | 11:38am
Famous Chef Sentenced for Killing Pedestrian
Crime	By Indy Staff	| Mon Jul 15, 2019 | 9:32am
Alcohol Sting Operation Stats Released
Briefs	By Alexandra Mauceri	| Sun Jul 14, 2019 | 10:12am
UCSB Green Initiative Funds Renewable, Sequestration, Repair Projects
Environment	By Evelyn Spence	| Sat Jul 13, 2019 | 10:27am
Panelists Spitball Housing Solutions for Millennial and Homeless Santa Barbarans
Housing	By Delaney Smith	| Fri Jul 12, 2019 | 10:20pm
Evictions Loom at San Vicente Mobile Home Park
Housing	By Delaney Smith	| Wed Jul 10, 2019 | 10:30pm
Mass Exodus of Workers Due to Lousy Housing Market
Voices	By Finn Dobkin	| Sun Jul 07, 2019 | 5:04pm
This App Lets You Track Tagged Sharks
Science & Tech	By Tyler Hayden	| Tue Jul 09, 2019 | 9:00am
Science Camp Not for Santa Barbara's Disadvantaged
Education	By Blanca Garcia	| Thu Jul 11, 2019 | 10:21pm
Pini Evictions to Grow
Housing	By Jean Yamamura & Blanca Garcia	| Tue Jul 09, 2019 | 1:20pm
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to make the ChoiceChip unscrollable inside this body Below these choice chips I have a body in a column and a bunch of containers such as a carousel and more. I would only like to keep everything else in the body scrollable BUT the ChoiceChips.
I would like to include an image so you have the idea of how the layout looks like on the actual app I'm building
This is the image The app image
I have tried NeverScrollableScrollPhysics class but i get an error and the code doesnt run afterwards
class HomePage extends StatefulWidget {
const HomePage({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

@override
_HomePageState createState() => _HomePageState();
}

class _HomePageState extends State<HomePage> {
int pageIndex = 0;

final pages = [
const HomePage(),
const HistoryPage(),
const CentralPage(),
const CartPage(),
const EventsPage(),
 ];

 Widget build(BuildContext context) {
 return Scaffold(
  backgroundColor: const Color(0xffffffff),
  appBar: PreferredSize(
    preferredSize: const Size.fromHeight(135.0),
  child: AppBar(
    title: Image.asset('assets/images/DD.png', fit: BoxFit.cover,
        height: 32),
    centerTitle: true,
    flexibleSpace: Container(
      margin: EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(0.0, 102.0, 0.0, 5.0),
      color: Color(0xffffb400),
      height: 85,
      child: ListView(
        scrollDirection: Axis.horizontal,
        children: [
          Container(
            margin: EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(10.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
            child: Column(
              children: [
                CircleAvatar(
                  radius: 30,
                  backgroundImage: AssetImage('assets/images/beer.png'),
                ),
                Text(
                  'Beer',
                  style: const TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 10.5,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(
            width: 15,
          ),
          Container(
            child: Column(
              children: [
                CircleAvatar(
                  radius: 30,
                  backgroundImage: AssetImage('assets/images/wine.png'),
                ),
                Text(
                  'Wine',
                  style: const TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 10.5,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(
            width: 15,
          ),
          Container(
            child: Column(
              children: [
                CircleAvatar(
                  radius: 30,
                  backgroundImage: AssetImage('assets/images/spirits.png'),
                ),
                Text(
                  'Spirits',
                  style: const TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 10.5,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(
            width: 15,
          ),
          Container(
            child: Column(
              children: [
                CircleAvatar(
                  radius: 30,
                  backgroundImage: AssetImage('assets/images/cider.png'),
                ),
                Text(
                  'Cider',
                  style: const TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 10.5,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(
            width: 15,
          ),
          Container(
            child: Column(
              children: [
                CircleAvatar(
                  radius: 30,
                  backgroundImage: AssetImage('assets/images/premixes.png'),
                ),
                Text(
                  'Premixes',
                  style: const TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 10.5,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(
            width: 15,
          ),
          Container(
            child: Column(
              children: [
                CircleAvatar(
                  radius: 30,
                  backgroundImage: AssetImage('assets/images/local.png'),
                ),
                Text(
                  'Local',
                  style: const TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 10.5,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(
            width: 15,
          ),
          Container(
            child: Column(
              children: [
                CircleAvatar(
                  radius: 30,
                  backgroundImage: AssetImage('assets/images/luxury.png'),
                ),
                Text(
                  'Luxury',
                  style: const TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 10.5,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(
            width: 15,
          ),
          Container(
            margin: EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(0.0, 0.0, 10.0, 0.0),
            child: Column(
              children: [
                CircleAvatar(
                  radius: 30,
                  backgroundImage: AssetImage('assets/images/mixes.png'),
                ),
                Text(
                  'Mixes',
                  style: const TextStyle(
                    fontSize: 10.5,
                    fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
        ],
      ),
    ),
    backgroundColor: const Color(0xffffb400),
    elevation: 0,
  ),
  ),
  body: SingleChildScrollView(
    scrollDirection: Axis.vertical,
    child:
    Column(
      children: <Widget>[
        //HUB
        Container(
          margin: EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
          child: SingleChildScrollView(
            scrollDirection: Axis.horizontal,
            child: Wrap(
                direction: Axis.horizontal,
                runAlignment: WrapAlignment.center,
                children:[
                  SizedBox(
                    width: 5,
                  ),
                  ChoiceChip(
                    backgroundColor: const Color(0xffffb400),
                    elevation: 4,
                    padding: EdgeInsets.all(6.0),
                    label: Text('AlcoHealth',
                      style: const TextStyle(
                        fontSize: 11.5,
                        fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                      ),
                    ),
                    selected: false,
                    onSelected: (bool value){},
                  ),
                  SizedBox(
                    width: 5,
                  ),
                  ChoiceChip(
                    backgroundColor: const Color(0xffffb400),
                    elevation: 4,
                    padding: EdgeInsets.all(6.0),
                    label: Text('Local is Lekker',
                      style: const TextStyle(
                        fontSize: 11.5,
                        fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                      ),
                    ),
                    selected: false,
                    onSelected: (bool value){},
                  ),
                  SizedBox(
                    width: 5,
                  ),

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
A Kube Resource represents any object that can be created with a
[Kube](kube.md). It extends the Kubernetes API slightly by providing
two special types of template objects that instruct Supergiant to allocate and
assign external cloud assets
([EntrypointListeners](entrypoint_listener.md) for NodePort Services and
[Volumes](volumes.md) for Pods).

We employ this system of templating and preprocessing to provide more
flexibility in our implementation of persistent storage and external load
balancing for containers, which is a big need as we continue to support more
cloud providers.

Kube Resources can be **started** and **stopped**, which allows for changes and
manual application through restart (which gives the user deployment flow
flexibility). Stopping will not delete any assets (if the KubeResource owns
any), it will just delete the KubeResource within the Kube. That way, you don't
lose your persistent volume or load balancer port allocation during a restart.

### Examples

#### A basic internal Service

```json
{
  "kube_name": "my-kube",
  "namespace": "default",
  "kind": "Service",
  "name": "my-private-svc",
  "template": {
    "spec": {
      "selector": {
        "service": "my-pod-selector"
      },
      "ports": [
        {
          "port": 8080
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
```

#### A NodePort Service with EntrypointListener definition

```json
{
  "kube_name": "my-kube",
  "namespace": "default",
  "kind": "Service",
  "name": "my-public-svc",
  "template": {
    "spec": {
      "type": "NodePort",
      "selector": {
        "service": "my-pod-selector"
      },
      "ports": [
        {
          "name": "website-http",
          "port": 8080,
          "SUPERGIANT_ENTRYPOINT_LISTENER": {
            "entrypoint_name": "my-entrypoint",
            "entrypoint_port": 80
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
```

#### A Pod with external Volume definition

```json
{
  "kube_name": "my-kube",
  "namespace": "my-namespace",
  "kind": "Pod",
  "name": "my-pod",
  "template": {
    "metadata": {
      "labels": {
        "service": "my-pod-selector",
      }
    },
    "spec": {
      "containers": [
        {
          "name": "my-container",
          "image": "some/image:v0.1.0",
          "volumeMounts": [
            {
              "name": "disk-0",
              "mountPath": "/mnt"
            },
            {
              "name": "just-a-dir",
              "mountPath": "/some_dir"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "volumes": [
        {
          "name": "disk-0",
          "SUPERGIANT_EXTERNAL_VOLUME": {
            "type": "gp2",
            "size": 20
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "just-a-dir",
          "emptyDir": {}
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
```

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


With the release of the new MLP movie, the character of Shadow Tempest has become more popular.
Little we can say of this villain so recent, but what we can assure is that it is an interesting villain never seen before in this series, or in the traile of this film, how will it be and what goals does it have? No, seriously, they have not told us.


text:
Баклановская — станица в Дубовском районе Ростовской области, в составе Малолученского сельского поселения.

География
До заполнения Цимлянского водохранилища станица располагалась на границы поймы Дона и Ергенинской возвышенности, между станицами Мало-Лучной и Жуковской. В начале 1950-х станица была перенесена на новое место, чуть выше по склону. В настоящее время станица расположена в 1,5 км от левого берега Цимлянского водохранилища, на высоте около 70 метров над уровнем моря. Рельеф местности холмисто-равнинный, развита овражно-балочная сеть. Почвы тёмно-каштановые.

По автомобильным дорогам расстояние до областного центра города Ростова-на-Дону составляет 280 км, до районного центра села Дубовское — 39 км, до ближайшего города Волгодонска — 36 км, до административного центра сельского поселения станицы Малая Лучка — 14 км.

Часовой пояс

Улицы

История
Основана в первой половине XVII века. Первоначально станица Баклановская была известна сначала под именем Гугнинского городка. В начале своей истории станица на левой стороне Дона, на правой стороне протоки Старый Дон, в урочище Зимовном. Согласно преданию, на этом месте находился стан атамана Гугни, затем здесь возникает станица Гугнинская. Длительные весенние разливы вынудили жителей переселиться на правый,
возвышенный берег, а в 1878 году была переименована в Баклановскую, в честь родившегося здесь героя-казака Я. П. Бакланова. В 1859 году в станице проживало 968, в 1890 году — 1 250 жителей.

В 1859 году в станице Гугнинской проживало 436 душ мужского и 532 женского пола. В 1873 году — 352 мужского и 408 женского пола. Первоначально станица относилась ко Второму Донскому округу. Не позднее 1897 года передана в состав Первого Донского округа.

Согласно данным первой Всероссийской переписи населения 1897 года в станице проживало 500 душ мужского и 534 женского пола.

В 1906 году принято решение о перенесении станицы Баклановской в хутор Колодезный, на левый берег Дона. А годом позже станица с реки Цимлы и правой стороны Дона перешла на левую сторону реки Дон, на территорию современного Дубовского района. Согласно алфавитному списку населенных мест Области войска Донского 1915 года в станице Баклановской проживало 932 души мужского и 938 женского пола, имелись почтовое отделение, двухклассное училище, Рождество-Богородицкая церковь, церковно-приходская школа

В 1918 году Ф. И. Золотарев и П. Л. Ильяшенко в станице Баклановской организовали из казаков-фронтовиков и крестьян отряд в 180 сабель. Впоследствии баклановцы влились в состав 1-го донского Котельниковского социалистического конного полка. Однако большинство баклановцев ушло к белым. В марте 1918 года первыми против новой власти полыхнули баклановцы, они сформировали основное ядро похода на Ремонтную, участвовали в разгроме красной Цымлянской дружины. Из станицы Баклановской в августе 1919 года сотни полковника А. Топилина пошли на взятие Ремонтной и Котельниково. После Гражданской войны многие казаки эмигрировали.

Согласно первой Всесоюзной переписи населения 1926 года население станицы Баклановской Баклановского сельсовета Цымлянского района Сальского округа Северо-Кавказского края составило 784 человека, из них великороссов — 779.

В 1922 году станицу переименовали в хутор, затем вернули прежний статус. В связи c образованием Цимлянского водохранилища Баклановскую перенесли выше — на крутояр. Участок для переселения выбрали не совсем удачный. Жители соседних хуторов стали с иронией называть новое место обитания баклановцев — «хурдинский престол».

В Великую Отечественную войну два уроженца Баклановской — М. Ф. Потапов и П. А. Самохин совершили подвиги, стали Героями Советского Союза.

Население
Динамика численности населения

Известные люди
В станице родились:
 Бакланов, Яков Петрович (; станица Гугнинская, Область Войска Донского, Российская империя — ; Санкт-Петербург) — генерал-лейтенант, герой Кавказской войны
 Потапов, Михаил Феофанович — Герой Советского Союза,
 Самохин, Павел Александрович — Герой Советского Союза.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Почтовые индексы: Баклановская Станица

Станицы области Войска Донского
Населённые пункты Дубовского района (Ростовская область)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Florida bill aimed at protecting LGBTQ people from discrimination at work
8:22 PM EDT, Mon September 16, 2019
Republicans and Democrats are working together on bills that would protect LGBTQ people from discrimination on the job.
Florida legislators returned to Tallahassee Monday and among the bills filed so far are two focusing on LGBTQ protections.
Republican House member Jackie Toledo and Democrat Senator Ervin Rouson have filed bills that would prevent discrimination against those who identify as LGBTQ.
Only Republican Heather Fitzenhagen locally supports it, in fact, she's a co-sponsor.
None of the other local representatives have weighed in.
"I think it's perfect that everybody is starting to ask about it. It's something that should be heard and taken care of," said Selena Gonzalez of Fort Myers.
Gonzalez and her friends at Florida SouthWestern State College are talking about equal protection for the LGBTQ community.
"It's just sad that you could be fired for that," said Kayla Evans.
State law does not provide protection on the basis of sexual orientation when it comes to employment, housing, and public lodging.
"No matter if they're black, white, they're still human beings that's why," said Schneider Venture of Fort Myers.
It does protect people on their sex, race, and ethnicity.
"I used to be discriminated against when I was a kid for being a Hispanic and always being different from the group," said Rubin Valez.
Fort Myers LGBTQ Chamber of Commerce President Arlene Goldberg said many in the community are discriminated against as it relates to housing and services and work, citing people can be fired.
Goldberg calls the bills necessary.
"It's very difficult for the transgender community and it's extremely important for them to have protections," Goldberg stated.
An Equality Florida poll shows 75% of Floridians support protections for LGBTQ.
"I don't think there is a risk for either side of the aisle. I think the risk is if they don't acknowledge or we don't take some particular action," said Political Consultant Dennis Pearlman.
It's possible many could be waiting to see what Governor Ron DeSantis will say.
"If the governor supports it then you would probably see some other republicans more forward on this," Pearlman predicted.
We asked Governor Ron DeSantis' office if he would support the change to include LGBTQ productions and his office didn't respond to our request.
DeSantis has said in the past he won't tolerate LGBTQ discrimination although he didn't include it in an anti-discrimination executive order he signed earlier this year.
Downtown Fort Myers restaurant gives back to the community for five-year anniversary
Local 'Dancing with the Stars' to hit Naples


text:
NTT plans $2 billion data center investment in India, aims to double data capacity
Company aims for 2.5 million sq ft of capacity and 250MW of solar power over next three years
NTT has announced plans to invest heavily in its Indian data center business over the next three years, including $400 million on solar projects.
The company aims to have 2.5 million sq ft (232,000 sq m) of capacity in the next three years, and will spend $2 billion in the country over the same timeframe on data centers, networks, and solar projects.
Register now for DCD's upcoming virtual conference on mission-critical operations, DCD>Control & Automate; 17–18 March 2021
NTT has big data center plans for India
– NTT Global Data Centers
Following the consolidation of NTT India, NTT Communications India, and NTT-Netmagic into one unit at the beginning of 2021, the company plans to double down on its data center business in the country. Sharad Sanghi, CEO of NTT India, said the company aims to expand from its current footprint of 1.5 million sq ft (139,000 sq m) across 10 data centers in four cities to 2.5 million sq ft (232,000 sq m), and enter four more cities.
The company plans six more data center parks over the next three years. Three parks are under construction in Mahape, Airoli (both Navi Mumbai), and Chandivali in Mumbai, with more planned in Chennai, Delhi, and Bengaluru. The company is also keen to enter Hyderabad and Pune, but will wait for demand to increase before doing so.
Investment will include $400 million to scale up green power generation capacity from 150MW to 250MW, as well as $100 million for building new undersea cable landing ports in Chennai, Mumbai and Khandala in Gujarat.
The company has plans to build a 70MW data center in Noida, and a 38MW facility in Mumbai. The company also recently opened data centers in the US, with Bruno Berti, vice president of product management at NTT Global Data Centers telling DCD the Covid-19 pandemic caused a surge in demand as customers wanted "double or triple" capacity.
India is currently seeing a rush of data center investment entering the country. As well as NTT, Princeton Digital Group, Iron Mountain, EdgeConneX, and Hiranandani Group have all made large scale announcements around data centers in India in recent weeks.
Princeton Digital Group announces data center campus in Mumbai, India
NTT: Coronavirus data center buying frenzy saw customers demand "double or triple" capacity in reserve
Iron Mountain forms joint venture with Web Werks, expands data center footprint in India
Airoli
Chandivali
Mhape


Napa Sew & Vac is an authorized Oreck Dealer. We supply genuine Oreck Bags, Belts and parts. Repair services, including contract, are provided for all Oreck Products, including air cleaners. We have inventory on demand: 3 upright models, one commercial model, Oreck Steam-it, cordless iron, Orbiter and several chemicals. Our Oreck contract forbids us from selling online but we can take your order by phone or email and ship it to your destination. If you'd like to browse products we're offering online, just click the store icon. We accept PayPal and PayPal will process any card you chose to use.


David Blythe was born in East Liverpool, Ohio in 1815. He was a painter well-known for his trompe l'oeil. His works were exhibited in the Carnegie Institute, the Pennsylvania Academy, and the Whitney Museum of American Art. He had visited New Orleans, Virginia, and West Virginia, which were the subjects of some of his works. He died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1865.


text:
<?php

namespace Fuz\Component\QuickQuery\Builder;

use Fuz\Component\QuickQuery\Driver\DriverInterface;

class BuilderMysql implements BuilderInterface
{
    /**
     * @var DriverInterface
     */
    protected $driver;

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function setDriver(DriverInterface $driver)
    {
        $this->driver = $driver;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildSelect($table, array $wheres = array())
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'SELECT * FROM ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($table);
        $request .= ' WHERE 1 ';

        foreach ($wheres as $field => $value) {
            $request .= ' AND ';
            $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($field);
            if (is_null($value)) {
                $request .= ' IS NULL ';
            } else {
                $request .= ' = ';
                $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($value);
            }
        }

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildCount($table, array $wheres = array())
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'SELECT COUNT(*) AS `count` FROM ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($table);
        $request .= ' WHERE 1 ';

        foreach ($wheres as $field => $value) {
            $request .= ' AND ';
            $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($field);
            if (is_null($value)) {
                $request .= ' IS NULL ';
            } else {
                $request .= ' = ';
                $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($value);
            }
        }

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildHas($table, array $wheres = array())
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'SELECT * FROM ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($table);
        $request .= ' WHERE 1 ';

        foreach ($wheres as $field => $value) {
            $request .= ' AND ';
            $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($field);
            if (is_null($value)) {
                $request .= ' IS NULL ';
            } else {
                $request .= ' = ';
                $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($value);
            }
        }

        $request .= ' LIMIT 1';

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildInsert($table, array $columnsValues, $ignore = false)
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'INSERT ';
        if ($ignore) {
            $request .= 'IGNORE ';
        }
        $request .= 'INTO ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($table);
        $request .= ' ( ';

        foreach (array_keys($columnsValues) as $key => $column) {
            if ($key > 0) {
                $request .= ' , ';
            }
            $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($column);
        }

        $request .= ' ) VALUES ( ';

        foreach (array_values($columnsValues) as $key => $value) {
            if ($key > 0) {
                $request .= ' , ';
            }
            if (is_null($value)) {
                $request .= 'NULL';
            } else {
                $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($value);
            }
        }

        $request .= ' ) ';

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildInsertUpdate($table, array $columnsValues)
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'INSERT INTO ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($table);
        $request .= ' ( ';

        foreach (array_keys($columnsValues) as $key => $column) {
            if ($key > 0) {
                $request .= ' , ';
            }
            $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($column);
        }

        $request .= ' ) VALUES ( ';

        foreach (array_values($columnsValues) as $key => $value) {
            if ($key > 0) {
                $request .= ' , ';
            }
            if (is_null($value)) {
                $request .= 'NULL';
            } else {
                $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($value);
            }
        }

        $request .= ' ) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE ';

        $count = 0;
        foreach ($columnsValues as $column => $value) {
            if ($count > 0) {
                $request .= ', ';
            }
            $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($column);
            $request .= ' = ';
            if (is_null($value)) {
                $request .= 'NULL';
            } else {
                $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($value);
            }
            ++$count;
        }

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildUpdate($table, array $columnsValues, array $wheres = array())
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'UPDATE ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($table);
        $request .= 'SET ';

        $count = 0;
        foreach ($columnsValues as $column => $value) {
            if ($count > 0) {
                $request .= ', ';
            }
            $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($column);
            $request .= ' = ';
            if (is_null($value)) {
                $request .= 'NULL';
            } else {
                $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($value);
            }
            ++$count;
        }

        $request .= ' WHERE 1 ';

        foreach ($wheres as $field => $value) {
            $request .= ' AND ';
            $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($field);
            if (is_null($value)) {
                $request .= ' IS NULL ';
            } else {
                $request .= ' = ';
                $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($value);
            }
        }

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildDelete($table, array $wheres = array())
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'DELETE FROM ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($table);
        $request .= ' WHERE 1 ';

        foreach ($wheres as $field => $value) {
            $request .= ' AND ';
            $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($field);
            if (is_null($value)) {
                $request .= ' IS NULL ';
            } else {
                $request .= ' = ';
                $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($value);
            }
        }

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildTruncate($table)
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'TRUNCATE TABLE ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($table);

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildExists($table)
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'SHOW TABLES LIKE ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($table);

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildDescribe($table)
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'DESCRIBE ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeIdentifier($table);

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildGetConnectionId()
    {
        return 'SELECT CONNECTION_ID() AS `conn_id`';
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildKill($id)
    {
        $request = '';

        $request .= 'KILL ';
        $request .= $this->driver->escapeValue($id);

        return $request;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildBegin()
    {
        return 'BEGIN';
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildCommit()
    {
        return 'COMMIT';
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildRollback()
    {
        return 'ROLLBACK';
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getIdentifierEncloser()
    {
        return '`';
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getDescribeField()
    {
        return 'Field';
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getDescribeValue()
    {
        return 'Default';
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function needToReturnResults($request)
    {
        return (in_array(strtoupper(substr(trim($request), 0, strpos(trim(str_replace("\n", ' ', $request)), ' '))),
              array('SELECT', 'SHOW', 'DESCRIBE')));
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getName()
    {
        return 'mysql';
    }
}


text:
All the Republicans who voted to impeach Trump a second time
Ten House Republicans crossed party lines on Wednesday and voted to impeach President Trump — which is 10 more than the amount to go against him the first time around.
The GOP lawmakers aligned with Democrats to formally charge the outgoing commander-in-chief with "inciting violence against the government of the United States" in last week's storming of the Capitol by supporters he had addressed during a rally near the White House.
No Republicans voted in 2019 to impeach Trump the first time.
Trending: New Evidence Emerges: Capitol Police Officer Did Not Die From Fire Extinguisher
Here are the 10 GOP members who voted to impeach on Wednesday:
Rep. John Katko (R-N.Y.)
Katko, a former federal prosecutor, was the first House Republican to say he'd vote to impeach.
New York Rep. John KatkoStefani Reynolds/Getty Images
"To allow the President of the United States to incite this attack without consequence is a direct threat to the future of our democracy," he said in a statement.
"For that reason, I cannot sit by without taking action. I will vote to
Is Rudy Giuliani In Hot Water Right Now?


text:
Overwatch May 25, 2021 / 1:26 pm
Collegiate Overwatch is better than you think
Aaron Alford
The Overwatch League has returned, with the past two weekends marking the opening matches for the Overwatch League's 20 teams. While I was excited to see the return of the Overwatch League, the Overwatch event that I can't stop thinking about is the Collegiate Championship broadcasts that took place during the two weeks leading up to the Overwatch League's opening weekend. The Overwatch Collegiate Championship ran for over two months and culminated in a March Madness-style bracket that concluded at the beginning of April, and I could not look away.
Many OWL fans would likely enjoy the entertaining action of the Overwatch Collegiate Championships. Image via Overwatch Collegiate Championships.
The Collegiate Overwatch Championships featured many well-known names in college-level athletic competitions. Ohio State University, University of Utah, University of Michigan, and pretty much the entire University of California system participated in this year's 2021 Collegiate Overwatch Championships. However, these well-known, well-established collegiate titans did not dominate the Overwatch tournament. Instead, Northwood University in Michigan and the eventual winners of Maryville University in Missouri competed in the National champion match.
Collegiate Overwatch was not only fun to watch, but it was also arguably more fun to watch than the OWL. There is something special about the tradition of college sports in America that speaks to people. College esports is able to benefit from the legacy and tradition of college sports. This reaches a mainstream audience that may otherwise not be interested in esports at all.
The appeal of college Overwatch
College esports can capitalize on America's love for collegiate competition
The biggest appeal for college Overwatch, or college esports generally, is that the players represent huge universities with instantly recognizable names and brands.
"I think the appeal of collegiate Overwatch is that its accredited universities playing instead of random teams in Tier 2 Overwatch that are filled with random players," explained Cameron Watson, the Main Tank of Maryville, the 2021 Collegiate Overwatch Champions. "I believe the future is in collegiate and can only get more interesting because . . . it is kind of like regular sports where it is extremely interesting to watch well-known universities compete."
Collegiate sports competition is massive in the U.S. Big schools have a storied history dating back to the early 20th century intercollegiate sporting competition. Today, in most U.S. states, the top paid public employee is an athletic coach for a public University. That is for a good reason. In addition to college sports being popular, they also make the University money through donations and boosted enrollment. College Football National Championships boost enrollment for schools, as has major upsets in football. This is known as the Flutie Effect.
"Athletics truly is a front porch to the University," Explained Scott Barns, the Athletic Director at the University of Pittsburgh. "It is not the most important room in the house. But it is the most visible, and what comes with that is opportunity and responsibility."
College esports is the next frontier of intercollegiate competition. Tier 1 schools like the Ohio State University are always looking to expand into the latest forms of competition. Simultaneously, teams from Maryville and Norwood have a chance to put their school's name on the map by besting huge names like Ohio State and Utah. That mix of highly respected schools and scrappy underdog schools makes for interesting storylines that are easy to follow. They are interesting to audiences, even if they don't know anything about the players involved in the match.
College esports features a more creative clash of playstyles
Another big appeal for collegiate Overwatch is its surprisingly diverse and creative meta. This leads to unpredictable and exciting games to watch.
The Overwatch League teams almost always play the most optimal, technical meta. But college teams explore various serious and silly strategies in their matches. There is a great variety of skill levels on most college teams, where a team might have a couple of outstanding players and a few more average players. This less predictable mix can make a wider variety of playstyles viable.
The creativity I am talking about is exemplified most clearly in the Northwood strategy on King's Row, where they teleport a bastion on top of the statue. It would probably never work in the Overwatch League, but it did work for them, which was fun to see. You can see the University of Ottawa and Norwood University fight to control the statue in a hilarious game of musical chairs in the clip below.
The diversity of the collegiate meta makes it more interesting to watch. While Overwatch League commentators fixate on players and meta choices, College Overwatch commentators focus on the competing styles in the game. This makes the game easier to follow for viewers. It can also create some spectacular moments that are rare in Overwatch League. Outside of teams like Chengdu Hunters, or most recently, Washington Justice.
Collegiate Overwatch reminds me of the early overwatch APEX series, which existed before the Overwatch League. Those events ended up being a clash of playstyles. Each team had a preferred method of playing, and there was no established "best method" for winning Overwatch games. College brings a lot of that same energy back into Overwatch competition.
The creativity in Collegiate Overwatch reminds me of the things that college football teams can get away with that don't work in the NFL. From fake field goals to a running quarterback, the nature of the collegiate competition is just different in sports and esports. It's fun to see the game played in new and creative ways.
The enormous potential of Collegiate Overwatch
The normalization of collegiate esports gives talented players a chance to go to college on esports scholarships and get a good education. Most players won't compete in esports forever. College esports helps them procure valuable education to help them in the future.
"It's a great experience especially for someone who wants to pursue the path to pro while also attending a university and getting a degree," Cameron explained in his interview with Hotspawn. "It's a privileged position, I think for myself and a lot of the other players on the team since not only are we on a full scholarship, but I also get to live in a foreign country while pursuing my dream and an education."
He continued, "I used to study a different degree at a university here in Scotland. But I feel like I learn a lot more at Maryville since the way the curriculum works. I am involved much more in the learning process, and I would say playing college Overwatch has made it so I have to focus a lot more on my studies and overall made me more mature as I have to have much better time management."
Collegiate esports has a lot of potential growth. The involvement of tops schools like the University of Utah, the Ohio State University, and UC Irvine bodes well for the scene's future. There is also a huge pool of potential talent for schools to draw upon. A ton of college-age Contenders would likely attend college on scholarship. Many former pros will want to go to college eventually as well. On top of that, both Norwood and Maryville competed in the American Contenders league. Perhaps we will eventually see the collegiate competitors start to dominate the Contenders scene as well.
The Collegiate Overwatch Championships could grow significantly over the next few years, and I am here for it. While Overwatch's path to pro continues to struggle, Collegiate Overwatch is just getting started.
*Originally published on April 26, 2020
Aaron is a 25 year old esports journalist who has worked with dotesports.com, upcomer.com, qrank.gg, among others. Aaron completed a Master's degree in Communication from the University of Dayton in 2018 (Go Flyers). Aaron has also worked as a national circuit debate coach and communication manager for emerging technology companies.
OWL Bradley Long Nov 5 2022
OWL Bradley Long Oct 27 2022
Overwatch Bradley Long Oct 4 2022


text:
Pokemon Crystal Coming To 3DS
By Gameon on December 16, 2017 on News, Pokemon Pokemon, Pokemon Crystal
Nintendo brought the Pokemon second-generation titles, Gold and Silver, to the 3DS earlier this year. However, their third version, Pokemon Crystal, had not been announced for a return. Until now, as Nintendo announced this week the Game Boy Color game will join its predecessors on the 3DS Eshop next month.
The classic game will arrive on 26th January 2018. In Europe, it will receive a limited boxed version that comes in a replica Game Boy Color style and contains a download code for the game. You can watch the trailer for Pokemon Crystal below.
Pokemon Crystal is an enhanced version of Gold and Silver. It has exactly the same story and setting, however it was expanded with new content, such as a subplot that revolves around Johto's Legendary pocket monster, Suicune.
Just like the Eshop versions of Gold and Silver, any Pokemon you catch you can transfer to the Pokemon Bank service and use them in the latest games; Ultra Sun and Ultra Moon. The 3DS version also features wireless communication, allowing players to battle and trade with one another locally.
Travel back to the Johto region when #Pokemon Crystal Version arrives on #3DS #eShop and in stores on 26/01/2018! pic.twitter.com/pLxBgQ1iZa
— Nintendo of Europe (@NintendoEurope) December 14, 2017
Let us know your thoughts in the comments below.
Unit 1-2, Crown Buildings,
High St, Portsmouth PO6 3BU
gameoncosham@gmail.com
Mon - Sat: 9am - 5 .30pm
2017 Game On Cosham


Saturday, September 27, 2008 at 7:07pm.
Place holder for events with multiple venues. Please don't delete or modify.
A weekend full of geeky contests and events held all over Portland culminating in an awards ceremony with live music and booze? Yes, please! Teams will be asked to travel to different locations and compete against each other in the geekiest ways to win material rewards and cash prizes. The event culmination will be an awards party where teams will be brought on stage and given their awards for both their performance and superlatives regarding their overall participation and costumes.
Plant Trees and help restore watersheds at SOLV's Team Up For Watershed Health sites on Saturday October 4th. We have tree plantings taking place at Rinearson Creek in Gladstone, Carter Creek in Lake Oswego, and Tryon Creek in SW Portland. All of our plantings are along sensitive, high priority ecological areas along stream banks in the Portland area that were recently overwhelmed by invasive plants. By planting native trees and shrubs in these areas volunteers will be creating habitat for future generations of birds, small mammals, and fish. Plantings start at 9 am and end by 12 pm.
For more information and to register visit the Team up For Watershed Health Website, http://www.solv.org/programs/teamup_watershed_health.asp. Event information is found at the very bottom of the page. You can also contact Brett Lyon at [email protected] or 503-844-9571 x 332. Put on your boots, grab a shovel, and come dig in! We hope to see you out in your watershed!


Home Africa Can Buhari wage another war against corruption and win?
Can Buhari wage another war against corruption and win?
people to believe that, today, the same Buhari can wage another war against corruption and win? Our peoplesay that a child can't run before his elder sibling learns how to walk. In other words, antecedents go a long way to modulate future expectations.
The Nigerian polity is at standstill, as we speak, holding its breath and waiting for President Buhari and his majority party, the APC, to tell we the people how they are going to bring the promised change to country and win the so-called war on corruption. It aNigerians cannot exhale for a very long time to come because the right-hand man of the chief corruption fighter and the chief enforcer for the incumbent president, Ibrahim Lamorde of the EFCC, has very sticky fingers. The lynchpin in any battle against official corruption, the EFCC boss, is being accused of perpetrating or conniving at corruption in broad daylight right under his very nose.
It is hard for me to confirm the validity of charges being levelled against the EFCC boss from this distance. But I am reassured, however, that members of the National Assembly, who are close-up to the goings-on on the ground, are persuaded enough to take a more detailed look into the allegations being hauled at Ibrahim Lamorde.
This is no time for anyone to wish to be in President Buhari's shoes. He can wear his own dog-gone shoes for all they are worth. Buhari's antecedents have proven that he is a man of catchy phrases and slogans. We have not forgotten the "War Against Indiscipline" (WAI) and how that race wild-goose chase panned out. And here we go again, three decades later, with another war; this time, against corruption. And the only premonition regarding the ultimate of this war's outcome is that we now have Buhari's "anti-corruption czar", Ibrahim Lamorde, who may soon be convicted of N1 trillion corruption if the charges against him are proven in a court of law. Even if he gets exonerated, the image of the EFCC, as the go-to weapon for fighting official corruption in Nigeria, shall have been irreversibly tarnished. So, how then can the war against corruption be fought and won by the Buhari administration?
Maybe the diagnosis of Nigeria's core malaise is not what the Buhari administration and the APC say that it is. The sickness with Nigeria, as a polity, is more profound than the mere symptom of corruption. As a symptom, corruption can never be properly addressed until one gets to first understand and deal with the underlying governance mantra which spurned and continues to sustain corruption within Nigeria's societal fabric.
Previous articleAGUIYI IRONSI : LIKE A MODEL IN THE GRAVE. BY IGBOELI ARINZE.


text: [[File:Lady Violet Aitken.jpg|thumb|right|240x335px|Lady Violet Aitken, 1982. PR; Series 2; Sub-series 1; File 7; Item no. 4.]]Lady Violet Aitken succeeded her husband, Sir Max Aitken, as [[Chancellors|Chancellor]] of UNB in 1982, when he became seriously ill. She was the first, and to date, only woman to hold this prestigious position. She remained as [[Chancellors|Chancellor]] for ten years, continuing the Aitken family's long association with the university (Sir Max was [[Chancellors|Chancellor]] from 1966-1982, and his father, Lord Beaverbrook, served in this same capacity from 1947-1964). Lady Violet was awarded an honorary degree in 1990. At the end of her term in 1992, the university conferred the honorary status Chancellor Emerita upon her as "an indication of its respect for her and an expression of its appreciation for the distinguished manner in which she and the Aitken family served UNB." '''Source(s):''' *UA Case 138; Section 2. *[[http://www.lib.unb.ca/archives/HonoraryDegrees/ UNB Honorary Degrees Database]] [[Category:Notable Women at UNB|Notable_Women_at_UNB]][[Category:Aitken Family|Aitken_Family]][[Category:Chancellors]][[Category:Honorary Degree Recipients]] <br/>© UNB Archives & Special Collections, 2013


text:
TERRORISTS RECEIVE ALL THE PUBLICITY THEY WANT
By Brigitte L. Nacos
(Author of the just published book "Terrorism and Counterterrorism: Threats and Responses in the Post-9/11 World" (Longman) and "Mass-Mediated Terrorism (Rowland & Littlefield).
In the aftermath of the devastating 7/7 (July 7, 2005) bombings of London's transit system and a failed follow-up attempt two weeks later, shocked Britons and observers elsewhere wondered how home-grown young Muslims came to be infected by the terrorist ideology of Osama bin Laden and/or like-minded extremists. There was no mystery. In the age of global communication and international media, the messengers of hate and terror are no longer impeded by national borders; they spread their powerful words and images around the globe and condition impressionable young men and women for recruitment into their violent causes. Internet sites and at least one global TV network ( Al Manar, established and run by the Lebanese terrorist organization Hezbollah) have proven especially potent in spreading the virus of violence and hate. Whether by glorifying suicide terrorists as "martyrs," offering free downloads of militant Islamic Hip Hop music with Jihad lyrics, or selling violent computer games (some made in U.S.A.), the terrorist propaganda scheme, via media they control, seems to work increasingly well.
Add to this the traditional news media (television, radio, newspapers, and newsmagazines) that, for the time being, remain the most important sources of information. While nobody would suggest that the press in the United States and comparable democracies looks forward to yet another terrorist spectacular, the fact is that this sort of political violence offers precisely what the contemporary media craves most—sensational, shocking, frightening, and tragic events. Locked in permanent battles for audiences and thus for advertising dollars, broadcast media and print press prefer news that increases the audience size and circulation. To be sure, in liberal democracies the number one responsibility of a free press is to inform the public. The issue here, therefore, is not, whether or not to cover terrorist incidents and their aftermath at all, but rather, how much to report and how to report.
There is no doubt that terrorists strive for publicity, when they commit their violence. More than a century ago, the anarchists characterized their brand of terrorism as "propaganda by the deed." While throughout history, few terrorist groups realized their ultimate, political ends, most, if not all, have been very successful in getting the attention of the press and of the societies they targeted. Given today's instant global communication, contemporary terrorists manage to hijack the news around the world, whenever they strike or merely threaten to strike.
Take the recent attacks on London's transit system. While well planned in advance, the architects of the quadruple bombing picked a date that coincided with an important G-8 summit meeting in Scotland. By striking at the outset of that summit, the terrorists captured the news and swept the leaders of the eight most powerful countries off the television screens and front pages. Just take the New York Times the day after the London bombings as a typical example: The front page was mostly devoted to the 7/7 attack, the execution of the Egyptian ambassador to Iraq by a bunch of terrorists made page one as well, but the G-8 summit did not. What a publicity success for the perpetrators of terror! In the weeks thereafter, refueled by the failed follow-up attack in London, the terrorist threat continued to dominate the news as did counterterrorist measures in the U.K., U.S., and elsewhere. Moreover, there were alarming reports about expert warnings, how easily other sites could be attacked by terrorists. It is known that terrorists are well informed about a variety of targets, but is it necessary to provide them with a laundry list of vulnerable sites?
Again, while the public needs to be informed and alerted to react to obvious threats, nothing is gained by fueling the public's fear day-in and day-out by "breaking news" even in the absence of new facts and development. The only winners here are the terrorists who aim at spreading fear and anxiety in the societies they target and at encouraging the authorities to overreact in their counterterrorist measures.
There is no doubt that the terrorist threat is real without media hype. Therefore, media personnel and politicians are well advised, to keep the right perspective. 9/11 in New York, 3/11 in Madrid and 7/7 in London were tragedies for the victims, their families, first responders, and whole countries. For the terrorists, these events and the periods thereafter were most of all publicity and propaganda successes which reinforced their claim that they can hurt even the most powerful nations on the face of the earth. As television networks play and replay the images of terrorist strikes against the mighty, as the print media publish again and again prominent visual and textual accounts of reactions in victimized nations, they contribute to the "propaganda by the deed" and its beneficial effect on terrorists' recruitment efforts.
Why do the media devote a great deal of air time and column inches each time the Department of Homeland Security raises the color-boded terrorist threat alert level but barely, or not at all, report, when the threat level is reduced?
Good reporting is needed. Over-reporting and hyping the news is not .
Copyright 2005 Brigitte L. Nacos
The author is Adjunct Professor of Political Science at Columbia University . Before she began teaching at Columbia, she was a correspondent for newspapers in Germany. She is the author of several important books:
"The Press, Presidents, and Crisis"
(Columbia University Press, 1990)
"Terrorism and the Media: From the Iran Hostage Crisis to the World Trade Center Bombing"
"From Bonn to Berlin: German Politics in Transition" (Columbia University Press, 1998)
"Mass-Mediated Terrorism: The Central Role of the Media in Terrorism and Counterterrorism"
(Rowman & Littlefield, 2002)
ALSO BY PROFESSOR NACOS:
LAW ENFORCEMENT AND TERRORISM


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Among picnics on the battlefield the déjeuner sur l'herbe in The Three Musketeers sets the pattern for sardonic humor. It's meant as yet another instance of the Musketeers' bravado, but Alexandre Dumas and Auguste Maquet (his co-author) add comic relief to the serious Siege of La Rochelle, and the Musketeers urgency for adventure.
During a lull in battle, Athos incredulously makes a bet that he, d'Artagnan, Porthos, and Aramis will have a successful dejeuner sur l'herbe in the Bastion Saint Gervais. Of course this is meant to be ironic, for the bastion is in a hotly contested no mans' land, and it's Athos' whacky idea of a "safe" place to conduct a sensitive discussion away from Cardinal Richelieu's spies. (Dumas and Maquet maintain the distinction that a déjeuner sur l'herbe is outdoors and a pique-nique is indoors).
Grimaud, Athos' servant, lugs a heavy basket, panier, of cutlets and chicken, bread and wine (lots of it). When he's finished laying a cloth on the earthen floor, the Musketeers sit with legs crossed like Turks or tailors. Though the tower is permeated with the smell of the twelve decomposing soldiers, the Musketeers are undeterred from feasting.
Maurice Leloir. Athos raises his white napkin ending the Musketeers picnic at Bastion Saint-Gervais. Carrying the picnic basket, Athos' servant Grimaud hastens to return safety. Athos was his flag.
When the bastion is attacked, Grimaud is ordered to tie a napkin to a pike and plant it at the top of the bastion. Though attacked by superior force, the undaunted Musketeers rout out their enemy. With victory assured, they count how many they have killed (at least fifteen?), and plan to return to their own camp. As they leave, however, Aramis jests that they have forgotten the white napkin. But Athos does not get the joke. "The white flag, morbleu!," he says, "We must not leave a flag in the hands of the enemy, even if that flag be but a napkin." So defying musket balls whizzing about him, Athos rushes back and retrieves his, serviette. Bravo, Musketeers!
J.A. Beaucé. Athos raises his white napkin signaling that they are victorious and that their déjeuner sur l'herbe at the Bastion Saint-Gervais is done.
Featured Image: Jean Achille Pouget. The picnic at Bastion Saint-Gervais. Pouget takes the liberty of having the quartet is shown here at their déjeuner sur l'herbe, though in fact Dumas has it inside of the tower—and there is no grass. And they are not sitting like Turks or tailors.
Maurice Leloir. "Athos waved his flag, turning his back to the city guards and saluting those of the camp." In Alexandre Dumas. Les Trois Mousquetaires. Paris: Calman Lévy, 1894. Athos raises his white napkin ending the Musketeers picnic at Bastion Saint-Gervais., Athos' servant Grimaud carrying the picnic basket hastens to return to safety.
PS: The Siege of La Rochelle in 1627/28 ended when King Louis III, a Catholic, defeated the French Huguenots.


text:
Lebanon's national politics in the face of a changing region
Uncategorized March 9, 2015 March 9, 2015 Cortni KerrLebanon, Nationalism
By Christiana Parreira, Stanford University
* This memo was prepared for the "Rethinking Nation and Nationalism" workshop, February 6, 2015.
Lebanon's politics are often characterized as exceptional within the context of the modern Middle East. The weak capacity of the state to facilitate stability or provide basic social welfare has long existed in uneasy tension with Lebanon's diverse religious composition, in stark contrast to many of its regional counterparts. Yet the last four years have brought about bold challenges to the state strength of a number of other religiously diverse Middle Eastern countries, such as Syria, Iraq, and Yemen. In light of these changes, many of the prevailing frameworks through which scholars view these states deserve to be reexamined and supplemented. In this sense, we have much to learn from Lebanon – particularly from how coalitions between and cleavages within identity groups and their parties have evolved in response to a rapidly changing region.
Existing literature provides a theoretical framework through which to understand shifts over time in how Lebanon's often-messy national politics are conducted. Scholars have examined the way in which political cleavage structures, manifested through parties and alliances, represent the culminations of critical periods of change at the national level that facilitated the heightened saliency of some identities over others. These cleavages carry significance both for governments – specifically, their ability to function and enact policy – and their constituencies.[1] Drawing from these ideas, some have examined the ways in which preexisting institutions and identity-based societal divisions interact to produce political cleavages with tremendous staying power.[2] Others, in turn, have linked changes in institutional structure to individual-level behavior, allowing for shifts in the dynamics of party politics.[3]
What can the study of the Lebanese case add to these discussions, and to what end? Central to national political life in Lebanon are its assortment of religious identities and the confessional system (nidham al-taifyya) that strategically situates these sects in relation to the state's elected parliament, tripartite executive branch, and bureaucracy. Since its inception, this system has dictated the sectarian framework through which politics are conducted at the local, regional, and national levels in Lebanon – yet, as I intend to demonstrate, alliances and divisions of Lebanese political parties have periodically shifted even as the confessional system remained a relatively stable national institution. The pullout of Syrian troops in 2005 and the start of the 2011 Syrian civil war, in particular, have prompted substantial reformulations of the national party cleavage structure. Most recently, the alignment of Lebanon's political parties into two main groups – March 8 and March 14 – has been complicated by a division between those who support and oppose the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, with Christian parties playing a pivotal role in this recent split. These changes, I argue, can only be fully understood by examining the history of how regional trends interact with domestic political agendas in frequently overlapping, yet also distinct ways.
The sensitivity of Lebanese party politics to regional trends dates back to the early years of the Republic. By the late 1950s, a number of elites within the Sunni opposition to Maronite President Camille Chamoun adopted the rhetoric of Nasserist Arab nationalism, incited in part by Chamoun's public display of support for the U.S.-sponsored Baghdad Pact. By 1958, tension between those opposing and allying with the president had become violent, with Chamoun and his supporters alleging not only ideological, but also financial ties between the opposition and the newly formed United Arab Republic (U.A.R.). The United States, inferring (somewhat obtusely) from this dynamic an affinity between Lebanese Sunnis, the U.A.R., and the Soviet Union, eventually intervened in the civil conflict, brokering an agreement between the government and the opposition. Yet Sunni opposition at this time converged around a set of domestic concerns, specifically the sense of dispossession felt by that sect as a result of the disproportionate allocation of power to the Maronites by the confessional system. As Michael Johnson points out, ideas derived from regional trends provided a basis by which Muslim opposition parties could demand changes to the distribution of power.[4]
A divide between Lebanon's leftist and conservative camps also interacted with the confessional system in the prewar era. Under successive governments in the 1960s and early 1970s, policy initiatives aimed at addressing rising inequality and urban poverty were continually proposed and stymied, largely by opposition from elites at the local level. These leaders, Tom Najem argues, feared that a stronger state presence would threaten the influence they exercised under a confessional system in which sectarian institutions assumed responsibility for social welfare provision.[5] Clearer fault lines began to emerge as widespread violence broke out in 1975, with those supporting systemic reform to the confessional system fighting against those committed to preserving the traditional order. The former group united formally under the banner of the Lebanese National Movement (LNM), and the latter largely as the Lebanese Front.
This division, too, was colored by sectarian affiliation, with Sunni Muslims fighting against a system they believed to be biased against them, and Maronites committed to an arrangement that had historically been to their advantage. Shiite Muslims, also disadvantaged by the failure of confessional system to account for national demographic changes, also began organizing around this time.[6] A 1976 initiative to adjust the proportionality of the confessional system, put forward by then-centrist Lebanese President Suleiman Frangieh, gained some political traction and even received pledges of support from the Syrian government. Yet Syria soon flipped its position, signaling an abrupt shift in stance by sending its own troops to fight on behalf of the Maronite Kataeb Party. As the civil war wore on, the Syrian about-face, the assassination of LNM leader Kamal Jumblatt, and the 1982 Israeli invasion led to the dissolution of the LNM and the splintering of the war into a vast array of identity-based groups. Many of these groups aligned both with and against different members of their own sect, and most were supported in some way by a variety of foreign actors.
The war-ending Taif Agreement of 1990 brought some changes to the confessional system. Slight adjustments to the distribution of parliamentary seats were made, along with the addition to the executive branch of a Shiite speaker of the house, to sit alongside the Sunni prime minister and Christian president. The Taif Agreement's more significant contributions, however, were to allow Hezbollah to continue its existence as an armed force within the country and to institutionalize the indefinite occupation of Lebanon by Syria. Several agreements signed between leaders of the two states in 1991 created further ties between the domestic and foreign goals of Lebanon and Syria, crucially intertwining their intelligence and defense sectors.[7] The sectarian parties that emerged from the aftermath of the civil war, many led by the same militiamen who had fought one another over the prior decade, came to dominate Lebanese politics once again.
The 2005 popular movement aimed at ending the Syrian occupation brought broad transformations to the Lebanese political order. Following the successful removal of Syrian forces from the country, the now ubiquitous March 8 and March 14 Alliances – both named after the dates of mass protests organized by coalition leaders for and against the Syrian presence in Lebanon, respectively – came to dominate national party politics, with sectarian groups filing into one camp or the other. The division between the Hezbollah-dominated March 8 coalition and the Future Movement-led March 14 camp was solidified by the 2006 war between Israel and Hezbollah and a 2008 power struggle between the two parties.
The bifurcated nature of party politics in the post-occupation era has been at once strengthened and complicated by the ongoing conflict in Syria. Since 2011, the March 14 and March 8 Alliances have divided along coalition lines into respectively anti- and pro-Assad regime stances, with assassinations and targeted bombings associated with both sides of the Syrian conflict drawing forceful statements from political elites. Hezbollah has professed its support for the Assad regime and called for a negotiated solution, while Future Movement leader Saad Hariri has publicly referred to the Syrian president as "a monster"[8] and called for his removal. At the popular level, the northern port city of Tripoli has at times become a microcosm of the conflict occurring in Syria, with violence playing out on multiple occasions between the city's Sunni and Alawite neighborhoods.[9]
Under these circumstances, non-Muslim parties under the umbrellas of both camps have come to occupy somewhat uncertain, often confusing, and critically important ground. The Christian-majority Lebanese Forces remain under the banner of March 14 with their leader, Samir Geagea, professing vehement opposition to the Assad regime, having fought the occupation in past decades. Meanwhile, the officially secular yet Christian-dominated Free Patriotic Movement aligns itself with the March 8 Alliance and supports Assad despite its leadership by Michel Aoun, who conducted a final stand against the Syrian regime's occupation of Lebanon in the final years of the civil war. Finally, in 2011, Walid Jumblatt's Druze-dominated Progressive Socialist Party, linked to Syria in the 1990s, split from the March 14 Alliance in favor of March 8 despite its leader's professed opposition to the Assad regime. Yet in an interview later that year, Jumblatt declared, "I'm not a part of March 8. I'm a part of the alliance," adding further confusion to his party's stance in relation to Syria.[10]
Opinion at the level of Lebanon's national political elite within Christian groups, then, appears divided and tenuous. The effects of this added noise introduced into the government's bifurcated party system have yet to manifest fully, particularly as the national parliament continues to exist in near-total paralysis. Some observers have begun to express frustration at how the hegemony of the March 14 and March 8 blocs limits the terms of substantive political discourse.[11] This is in no way to suggest that splits within Lebanon's Christian population are new – over the course of the civil war, the community became highly polarized, culminating in a split over whether or not to support the terms of the Taif Agreement. Rather, this recent shift supports the notion that splits along party lines within identity groups have consistently surfaced during critical moments of domestic or regional change – and that these divisions often reshape the framework through which national policymaking is conducted.
Though confessionalism plays a critical role in determining the consistently sectarian nature of party politics in Lebanon, the structure of alliances and divisions between political parties has proven malleable at critical national and regional junctures. Through understanding the patterns underlying these changes, scholars can work toward developing a fuller understanding of the remarkable dynamism of national politics in both Lebanon and the region in which it is situated.
Christiana Parreira is a PhD student in the department of political science at Stanford University.
[1] Martin Lipset and Stein Rokkan, Cleavage Structures, Party Systems, and Voter Alignments. (Toronto: The Free Press, 1967).
[2] David Laitin, Hegemony and Culture: Politics and Change Among the Yoruba. (Chicago: U. Chicago Press, 1986).
[3] Daniel Posner, Institutions and Ethnic Politics in Africa. (Cambridge: Cambridge U. Press, 2005).
[4] Michael Johnson, Class and Client in Beirut. (London: Ithaca Press, 1986).
[5] Tom Najem. Lebanon: Politics of a Penetrated Society. (New York: Routledge, 2012).
[6] For an assessment of the disparity between the confessional system and Lebanon's demographics, see Rania Maktabi, "The Lebanese Census of 1932 Revisited: Who Are the Lebanese?" British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 26, no. 2 (1999).
[7] Bassel Salloukh, "Syria and Lebanon: A Brotherhood Transformed." Middle East Report, no. 236 (2005).
[8] Diab Youssef, "Hariri on Syria Arrest Warrants: Assad a Monster," The Daily Star, December 12, 2012.
[9] For some coverage of this conflict, see Damien Cave, "Syrian War Plays Out Along a Street in Lebanon," The New York Times, August 24, 2012 and Josh Wood, "Sectarian Conflict Kills at Least 17 in Northern Lebanon in Spillover of Syrian Civil War," The New York Times, December 10, 2012.
[10] Josh Wood, "Syrian Uprising Spills Over Into Lebanon's Raucous Political Scene." The New York Times, November 30, 2011.
[11] For an eloquent framing of these frustrations, see Maya Mikdashi, "The Space Between: March 14, March 8 and a Politics of Dissent." Jadaliyya.com, August 6, 2011.
This Week on Monkey Cage: Netanyahu's speech, identity politics, and more
Iraqi nationalism and the Iran-Iraq War


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DEMING: Global warming freeze?
"Mercy! We are sickened ..."
By - The Washington Times - Wednesday, December 10, 2008
ANALYSIS/OPINION:
President-elect Barack Obama recently declared his intention to mitigate global warming by enacting a cap-and-trade policy that would reduce carbon emissions 80 percent by the year 2050.
But the last two years of global cooling have nearly erased 30 years of temperature increases. To the extent that global warming ever existed, it is now officially over.
This year began with a severe spell of winter weather in China. Observers characterized it as the largest natural disaster to hit China in decades. By the end of January, blizzards and cold temperatures had killed 60 people and caused millions to lose electric service. Nearly a million buildings were damaged and airports had to close. Hong Kong had the second-longest cold spell since 1885. A temperature of 33.6 degrees Fahrenheit was barely higher than the record low of 32 degrees F set in 1893.
Other countries in Asia also experienced record cold. In February, cold in the northern half of Vietnam wiped out 40 percent of the rice crop and killed 33,000 head of livestock. In India, the city of Mumbai recorded the lowest temperatures of the last 40 years. Across India, there was more frost damage to crops than at any other time in the last 30 years.
In the United States, the weather also was frigid. The city of International Falls, Minn,, whose official nickname is the "icebox of the nation," set a new record low temperature of minus 40 degrees F, breaking the old record of minus 37 F established in 1967.
Alaska experienced an unusually cold and wet summer. For the first time since the 18th century, Alaskan glaciers grew instead of retreating. In Fairbanks, October was the fourth coldest in 104 years of record. Last month in Reading, Pa., the temperature stayed below 40 degrees F for six consecutive days - the longest November cold spell there since 1903.
These cold weather events were not abnormal or isolated incidents. Global measures of climatic conditions indicate significant cooling.
A preliminary estimate by the British Met Office says 2008 will be the coldest year of the last 10. The extent of global sea ice is at the same level it was in 1980. The mean planetary temperature, as monitored by satellite, also is the same as in 1980.
Last March, NASA reported the oceans have been cooling for the last five years. Sea level has stopped rising, and Northern Hemisphere cyclone and hurricane activity is at a 24-year low.
Environmental extremists and global warming alarmists are in denial and running for cover. Their rationale for continuing a lost cause is that weather events in the short term are not necessarily related to long-term climatic trends. But these are the same people who screamed at us each year that ordinary weather events such as high temperatures or hurricanes were undeniable evidence of imminent doom.
Now that global warming is over, politicians are finally ready to enact dubious solutions to a non-existent problem. In Britain, Parliament is intrepidly forging ahead with a bold new plan to cool the climate, even as London experienced its first October snowfall since 1934 and Ireland went through the coldest October in the last 70 years.
This is an absurd spectacle. Our advanced civilization is being systematically mismanaged by technologically illiterate lawyers responding to political pressures from irrational fanatics. Would someone please tell these people it is impossible to overturn the laws of thermodynamics?
We cannot improve our economy by artificially forcing people to use expensive, unreliable and inefficient energy sources.
Let the politicians take note. People will not like what you have in mind. California is arguably the most liberal state. Yet last month they defeated, by nearly a 2-to-1 margin, a law that would have forced California utilities to obtain half their electric power from renewable sources. What the Obama administration proposes is much more radical. Their cap-and-trade proposal will dramatically increase the energy costs of the average consumer and likely drive our crippled economy into a severe depression.
To the extent global warming was ever valid, it is now officially over. It is time to file this theory in the dustbin of history, next to Aristotelean physics, Neptunism, the geocentric universe, phlogiston, and a plethora of other incorrect scientific theories, all of which had vocal and dogmatic supporters who cited incontrovertible evidence.
Weather and climate change are natural processes beyond human control. To argue otherwise is to deny the factual evidence.
David Deming is a geophysicist, an adjunct scholar with the National Center for Policy Analysis and an associate professor of arts and sciences at the University of Oklahoma.


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text:
A késő avar kori Kárpát-medence és a külvilág kapcsolatai: technológia, forma és kulturális rendszer
To the Connections of the Late Avar Culture of the 8th Century Carpathian Basin and the Surrounding World: Technology, Form and Structure
Author(s): Gergely Szenthe
Subject(s): Archaeology, Cultural history
Published by: Erdélyi Múzeum-Egyesület
Keywords: technological recession; technological and social history; late Avar period; mountornamented belt; cast copper-alloy small finds; transition period (8th century)
Summary/Abstract: The present study examines the technological background of the material culture of the late Avar period in the Carpathian Basin, citing non-ferrous and precious metal small objects as an example. The metal small finds of the late Avar period, of the "long eighth century", lasting from the late seventh to the early ninth century, represent a distinctive element in the material culture of the Carpathian Basin. The comparison of these finds with the similar articles of contemporaneous cultures and of the local culture of the preceding period from a technological perspective is most instructive in terms of both cultural and social history. A research focus on the interaction between technology and culture in the early Middle Ages is fairly recent elsewhere in Europe too. The present study has adopted this research perspective and follows the broader socio-historical trend characterising mainly Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon archaeology, with the goal of contextualising a phenomenon that is, at first glance, purely technological, but is in fact firmly rooted in complex socio-cultural dynamics. Similarly to the Mediterranean and its peripheral regions, the fairly uniform material culture distributed across an immense territory essentially determined by Byzantium through central workshops, left a highly visible imprint on the Carpathian Basin too up to the mid-seventh century. In contrast, every single surviving costume accessory of the ensuing late Avar period reflects a shrinking range of metalworking techniques and the drastic decrease or downright disappearance of more sophisticated techniques calling for special skills, in other words, of the "uppermost technological shelf". Very few of the period's metal articles could be described as composite metalwork. Given the region's continued links with the Mediterranean, the striking differences between the quality of seventh-century and eighth-century metalwork could reasonably be interpreted in the context of the political, cultural and social transformation shaking the Mediterranean at the same time. However, some elements of the archaeological culture of the Carpathian Basin – especially the mass production of copper-alloy cast articles – cannot be explained by invoking external circumstances, at least according to the current record. One peculiar aspect of the technological impoverishment in the Carpathian Basin is that the various elements of the belt sets were almost without exception cast in one peice from copper alloys from the very beginning of the late Avar period (from cca. 700). Thus, the elements of the decorative ornament combined with the technological recession became the qualitative traits of a new visual style. This direct association of casting and a specific formal repertoire in a single class of objects specific to a socio-cultural group points beyond the symptoms of decline of a troubled period and can be seen as a sign of the emergence of a new quality and as a particular element of a complex transformation. The 7th–8th century transformation of the material culture of the Carpathian Basin can be fitted into the broader context of the technological recession accompanying the regionalisation and social changes in the wake of the political crisis in the Mediterranean. Among the regions lying closest to the Carpathian Basin, indications of a similar, well-datable contemporaneous process can be noted in the Balkans. The assemblages typologically falling between the Vrap and Velino hoards, although produced mostly from precious metals, are practically made up of pieces representing the same quality as the specimens from the Carpathian Basin both regarding the range of objects (predominantly belt mounts) and their technology and quality. In a wider context, a probably early Byzantine gilded strap-end bearing a tendril pattern set against a punched background that matches the above mentioned pieces has been recently found at Bogazköy in Byzantine Anatolia. Substantial numbers of cast copper-alloy articles with a lavish ornamentation have been published from the Kama region, from the northern Black Sea coast, the Crimea, the Caucasus, Central Asia, but also from Hispania. The diminishing range of connections from the later 7th century and the simplification of social hierarchies in the Mediterranean and the world around it was followed by the regionalisation of material culture. Set within this context, casting was a coarser and, more importantly, simpler procedure for imitating the artistic effects created by the more sophisticated craft techniques used in a broader spectrum of material culture during late antiquity. Lost-wax casting, the period's most widely used procedure, which in principle could also have been used for mass production, was employed for producing a single series only (usually a set) in the testimony of the finds. As a complementary component for the communication breakdown in the period, the growing importance of simple metal-working techniques, especially of the casting (almost) every article separately, resulting in the segmentation of the material culture into regional units, is a sure indication of the weakening impact of the Mediterranean centre and of the partial separation of the peripheries. While the "Dark Age" or "transition period" recession of the Mediterranean-centred model does offer an explanation for the technological decline in late Avar material culture and for its regionalisation (in terms of both artefact types and the employed materials), it fails to explain why the use of objects produced using the simplest technology had attained such an exclusive position in the social display of a particular social group. Based on the findspots of the largest body of relics, the origins of casting en masse could be sought on the fringes of the Mediterranean according to another model. In this context, the periphery can be perceived as a parallel centre, which, with the fading of the Mediterranean cultural irradiation, found its own voice. Rephrasing Joachim Werner's remark quoted at the beginning of the study, casting was a technology preferred above all in the "Barbarian" cultures of the periphery. The most salient feature of the late Avar variant – the case study analysed here selected from the emerging fringe cultures – is not (or not only) the technological mediocrity compared to earlier periods. The technological recession was so pervasive and certain elements (the absolutisation of casting) appear in such a concentration in the social display of male society that it seems to be central to the period's material culture and its very existence can be regarded as a reflection of a paradigm shift in the late Avar society. Compared to the Byzantine elite culture of the preceding period, the small objects functioning as the mediums of the social display of male society barely reflect any kind of qualitative and formal hierarchy. It would be tempting to correlate the seemingly egalitarian nature of cast articles with the political splintering of the khaganate during the late Avar period as suggested by the literary sources. However, it could be equally persuasively explained by a cultural and economic consolidation, a (relative) prosperity, and another social explanation could be cited for the elite's seemingly diminishing status as reflected in the archaeological record, namely the transformation of funerary and/or social display.
Journal: Dolgozatok az Erdélyi Múzeum Érem- és Régiségtárából. Új sorozat
Gondolatok az Inquisitio de theloneis Raffelstettensis kapcsán. Adatok a Karoling Birodalom keleti irányú szárazföldi áruforgalmának és keleti határai Gondolatok az Inquisitio de theloneis Raffelstettensis kapcsán. Adatok a Karoling Birodalom keleti irányú szárazföldi áruforgalmának és keleti határai 2007 Antique meaning — Avar significance complex iconographic schemes on early medieval small objects Antique meaning — Avar significance complex iconographic schemes on early medieval small objects 2013 KULTURÁLIS ÖSSZEOLVADÁS A "KÖZÉPAVAR KORBAN". A VÁC-KAVICSBÁNYAI TEMETŐ Cultural Fusion of the "Middle Avar Period". The Vác-Kavicsbánya Cemetery 2014 Ein osteuropäischer Schnallentyp aus dem 7. Jahrhundert im Karpatenbecken. Peripheriale Verbindungen zur Zeit der byzantinischen Dominanz An East European Buckle Type from 7th Century in the Carpathian Basin. Peripheral Relationship in the Time of the Byzantine Dominant. 2015 ARCHAEOMETRICAL STUDIES ON SOME BRONZE BUCKLES WITH PORTABLE (HANDHELD) XRF SPECTROSCOPY ARCHAEOMETRICAL STUDIES ON SOME BRONZE BUCKLES WITH PORTABLE (HANDHELD) XRF SPECTROSCOPY 2015


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