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George Lee Cunningham
READER PUBLISHING GROUP
Port Town Redux
Former Long Beach Harbor Commissioner Doris Topsy-Elvord is not happy with us. She doesn't think her service on the harbor board from March 2003 to June 2008 was sufficiently recognized in Port Town, the history book the Port of Long Beach commissioned us to write in 2013.
Ms. Topsy-Elvord has taken her case to port commissioners, gotten coverage of her issues on the front and editorial pages of the Press-Telegram newspaper, and even threatened to hire an attorney.
It was not a mistake that we left Ms. Topsy-Elvord and other commissioners out of Port Town, at least by name. From the beginning, we knew that the last chapters would be the most challenging. There are several points in the writing of such a history – especially a history that has been commissioned by the entity being written about – that present challenges. We were assured at the beginning of the project that the port desired an authentic history, not one colored by the political sensibilities or politics of the present day.
That is a lot of trust to place on authors and a lot of responsibility. We were determined to live up to that trust.
In doing an extensive history of an institution, there are some sensitive landmarks the writers pass along the way. For one thing, it's a lot easier to write about dead people than about people who are still alive. Dead people don't care about what you say about them. People who are still alive – especially high-achieving people with strong egos – have their own version of their contributions, sometimes much inflated from reality and how others may view them.
Even if those people are still alive, however, if enough time has passed, it becomes much easier to recognize the outcome of their actions and write about it.
Commissioner George Talin, who left the commission in disgrace in 1991 after the District Attorney accused him of using his position to strong-arm port tenants into buying tires from his company, is a good example. Enough time has passed and Talin's damaged reputation has been well enough established to include in the narrative.
The closer the narrative advances toward the present day, however, the stronger the ego sensitivities become. The harbor commission indeed moved its agenda forward during the past 20 years. All the commissioners made their contributions to the whole, although some were clearly stronger leaders than others.
Commissioner Carmen Perez – a power in the Democratic Party – was appointed in the 1990s to a Harbor Commission that included four Republican businessmen. It makes sense to have businessmen on the Harbor Commission. The port is a big business that deals in negotiations with tenants and it's important to keep an eye of the bottom line. But it's also a political institution that relies on government support and direction. In a strongly Democratic state, Ms. Perez was able to advance the port's political and funding agenda in ways the other four commissioners were not capable of achieving.
Ms. Topsy-Elvord mentions former harbor commissioner Mario Cordero, now chairman of the Federal Maritime Commission. Mr. Cordero was clearly a strong voice for an environmental ethic at the port. So was former commissioner and former city manager Jim Hankla, who as director of the Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority oversaw one of the most successful environmental transportation projects ever undertaken in California.
Attorney Susan Anderson Wise was steadfast in her service on the board. Engineer Nick Sramek was successful in getting political and legal support for his neighborhood, which had been heavily impacted by the Union Pacific's Intermodal Container Transfer Facility next door. David Hauser, Alex Bellehumeur, Roy Hearrean, John Hancock, former city attorney John Calhoun, accountant George Murchison, and educator Dr. Mike Walter all served with distinction.
And, of course, Ms. Topsy-Elvord herself.
We knew that former and present harbor commissioners would be disappointed not to see their individual contributions recognized by name, but that was a decision we made as the authors. Our job was not to massage the egos of the various political appointees to the board, but to tell the story of the port and of the accomplishments – and sometimes the failures – of the board as a whole.
The truth is that all the members of the harbor commission contributed to the success of the port programs – some more so and some less so. For us to define which members deserved how much of the credit for each success was an impossible task and far beyond the scope of the book.
Over the years, there have been 67 harbor commissioners, 20 of them in the last 20 years, including the five commissioners currently occupying those seats. Most of them were decent people who took their jobs on the harbor commission seriously and did what they felt was best for the port and the city.
That does not mean they didn't sometimes disagree with one another – sometimes strongly disagree – but in the end, they made their cases to the full board, they voted as a board on new policies and direction, and the port moved forward in the manner in which the board as a whole decided.
They were indeed a diverse group, both ethnically and in the perspective they brought to the table. They included several businessmen, several former government administrators and workers, one college professor, five lawyers, one physician, and a member of the International Longshore and Warehouse Union.
There were Carmen Perez, the second woman to sit on the board and the first Hispanic commissioner; Dr. John Kashiwabara, the first Japanese-American and second medical doctor to so serve; Doris Topsy-Elvord, the first African-American commissioner; Mario Cordero, the first Hispanic man to sit on the board, Thomas Fields, the first African-American man on the board and the first African-American harbor commissioner to be fired by the City Council; and Susan E. Anderson Wise, the fourth woman to sit on the board.
The present commission includes Doug Drummond, a former Long Beach police officer and councilman; Richard T. Dines, the first union longshoreman; and Lori Ann Guzman, Lou Anne Bynum, and Tracy J. Egoscue, the fifth, sixth, and seventh women on the board. It is also the first board with a female majority.
There was one commissioner whose name we had included in the last chapter of the book, and that was Commissioner Thomas Fields. The submitted draft included a very short mention that Fields had been fired by the city council. We thought it was significant to include because it marked the end to a battle between two factions on the port board. With Fields gone, fellow Commissioner Nick Sramek resigned, clearing the way for a change in the board's approach. That item was removed from the manuscript at the insistence of Mayor Robert Garcia's office.
PUTTING THE RECORD STRAIGHT
The Press-Telegram has treated us very well on Port Town, but we must take issue with some of the points made in the recent Press-Telegram editorial on the book.
One, "much of the 21st century is given short shrift."
For the Port of Long Beach, the 21st Century is a work in progress. If one were writing a history of the Revolutionary War, for instance, that story is complete. The history of the Revolution can be told from the dumping of tea in the Boston Harbor in 1773 to the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783.
Unlike the Revolutionary War, the history of the Port of Long Beach is not over yet. The challenge was always how does one end an ongoing story. And the answer is that you end it imperfectly. It is similar to the old science fiction movies in which giant mutant grasshoppers have been exposed to radiation and are now destroying the city, until a few brave souls find a way to stop them. And when it's all over, the words "The End," appear on the screen, followed by a big question mark.
Now, as always, there are many challenges and question marks facing the port. Everybody is clamoring to take credit for the clean truck program, but the price of the program was huge and the final level of success is yet to be determined.
The volume of containerized cargo coming through the port is only now beginning to reach the level that it was when the great recession hit in 2006. Progress is not always pretty. History lurches forward as the people who make the history attempt to find new solutions to both old and new problems.
There are many issues ahead, including the replacement of longshore workers with computerized and robotic equipment. The union is concerned about the jobs of its members, and well it should be. In fact, all of us should be concerned. Those healthy longshore pay checks end up supporting a lot of folks in the community, from shoe stores to supermarkets and from dog groomers to the kids working at McDonalds. If those longshore jobs start to disappear, the pain will spread like ripples through the local economy.
While we can – and did – identify those emerging issues, they are for future historians to examine fully and provide perspective.
Two: "While the Cunninghams wrote the book, they can't be fully blamed for these holes. At one point it looks as if the Cunninghams, almost apologetically, try to explain why they don't get deep in the weeds of modern history for fear that "the narrative ceases to be history and becomes instead a short-sighted journalism."
We are responsible for the book as it is written. We shift that responsibility to no one. If we gave the impression that we were apologetic, that was not our intent. We did say that as history approaches present day, it ceases to be history and becomes merely journalism. That is correct. Journalism is by its very nature short-sighted. We remain proud of the book and the decision we made. We offer no apologies.
Three: Another chapter could be written and run in any reprint of the book. Or, a companion, part-two book could be written about the last four decades at the port and the people behind it.
This idea opens a Pandora's box. Since such a chapter would be written to appease Ms. Topsy-Elvord, would she have approval rights over it? And if she does, shouldn't every other living former and current harbor commissioner also be offered the opportunity to approve or disapprove of this proposed new chapter? Can you imagine a messier exercise in self-congratulation?
In a separate note: We should have included a list of all the commissioners at the end of the book – not just Ms. Topsy-Elvord. Each one of them brought their own special talents and flaws to the table, and they do deserve recognition for that. There is such a list on the port website.
When we started this project, we met on numerous occasions to discuss the book with Commissioner Drummond and now-former Commissioner Susan Anderson Wise. One of the things we discussed at those meetings was using the book as the foundation for continued education and research – possibly through the local universities, colleges and high schools.
At the time, we thought that was a wonderful idea, and we still do.
For instance, California State University, Long Beach has numerous oral histories – interviews with long-time community leaders – that are posted online. We believe that the port perhaps should work with Cal State to create an oral history with port commissioners that would be the forum for them to tell the inside story of their contributions to the community the way they see it. A volume of such interviews could be both printed and posted online, so that folks could read or listen to individual commissioners' unique perspectives on their contributions and their time on the board. And if the stories conflict with one another, that's OK too.
Our goal with Port Town was to create a comprehensive historical foundation of information about our port. We believe we did that, and we hope that the book both informs and inspires bright students and professors to look at the future issues facing the port in order to push forward the ongoing discussion both on the board and in the community.
–George and Carmela Cunningham
Press-Telegram July 22 story by Rich Archbold on publication of Port Town.
http://www.presstelegram.com/arts-and-entertainment/20150621/book-explores-history-people-behind-port-of-long-beach
Press-Telegram Columnist Tim Grobaty's Aug. 28 column on Doris Topsy-Elvord complaint
http://www.presstelegram.com/arts-and-entertainment/20150827/recent-port-of-long-beach-history-book-missing-a-chapter
Press-Telegram Sept. 11 Editorial on Doris Topsy-Elvord complaint
http://www.presstelegram.com/opinion/20150910/why-the-long-beach-ports-story-is-still-unfinished
List of harbor commissioners on port website.
http://www.polb.com/commission/commissionhistory.asp#hankla
I'M BACK (ALMOST, PRETTY MUCH, SORT OF)
This is a caption for an image
I'm not going to lie. Having a stroke, even a small one, is no walk in the park. It can shake you up, change the way you look at the world, and remind you that life does not go on forever. Life is finite. If there are things you want to accomplish, there are only so many years, so many months, and so many weeks, days, hours and minutes to accomplish them. This is true whether you are 7 years old or 70.
Fortunately for me, my stroke turned out to be a minor one – a reminder from the gods about what's important and what is not. Having seen the effect it had on my wife Carmela, I cannot, and will not call it a blessing, but you take from such experiences the things that are important and positive and accept the things that are not as part of the price you pay.
I am on the rebound. I am not all the way back yet, but I hopefully will be soon. The scheduled CAT scan showed that any remaining blood clots in my brain are gone, so I am on warfarin – the generic name for Coumadin – a blood thinner that hopefully will prevent a repeat experience. Next week I will go back to have my eyes checked, to see if I have regained peripheral vision in my eyes. I am sure that I have. I find myself checking it all the time as Carmela drives through traffic. At first I thought maybe my peripheral vision was returning as the doctors said it might. Or was it just the result of wishful thinking? Now I am sure of it. The doctors will be checking it out next week and maybe, just maybe, I will be able to drive again. I hope so. Carmela, who hates to drive, hopes so, and so does our Yorkie son Henry, who likes to curl up on Carmela's lap while I drive.
I thank everybody for their kind cards and electronic messages of encouragement. I do plan to answer everybody, but it may take a little while. I still tend to tire easily.
Lessons learned, big and small:
As my pal, Freddy Nietzsche once said, anything that doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.
Everybody from birth on, has a finite number of days on the planet. Identify what is important to you, learn from your mistakes, and try to take some joy in each and every day you have
Warfarin, the blood-thinning drug that I am taking, was developed by the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (the WARF in Warfarin) as a rat poison in 1948. It would be mixed with food bait, which rats would return to over a period of time to eat. It took about six days of returning to the same bait for the rat to accumulate a lethal dose, then he or she would quietly bleed to death internally. One popular conspiracy theory is that Nikita Khrushchev and others in the Soviet hierarchy used warfarin to poison Soviet strongman Joseph Stalin.
With a little bit of luck, I should be back in the saddle soon, maybe even driving a car and working on my new book, "Nothing is Forever." Until then, thanks to everybody for their kind thoughts and well wishes.
–George Cunningham
TO MY FAMILY, FRIENDS, ASSOCIATES AND OTHERS
Thanks everybody for the well wishes sent my way over the last week. For the folks who haven't heard, I suffered two minor strokes late last month. I stupidly ignored the first one – there was no pain – and dismissed it as a case of being overly tired. The second one was impossible to ignore. At lunch at the Belmont Brewery in Long Beach, the conversation became disjointed, and although I could understand words and even phrases, I had no comprehension of what people were saying. I also had trouble seeing them. I did not tell anybody this information.
I have fought in a war, I have been in fist fights, I have lived by the male code – if you're not dead, shake it off and move on. I drove home, not my best decision considering my limited vision, and fell into bed. Within seconds, I was asleep and slept until the next morning.
When I awoke, I was still having vision problems, although I still did not tell anyone. Finally, my wife, Carmela, nagged that information out of me. Unburdened by male pride and stubbornness, Carmela rushed me to Kaiser for an emergency eye exam, where they discovered I have glaucoma. They also discovered I had limited to no vision in the upper right quadrant of both eyes. That is not an eye problem – that is a brain problem.
By that evening, I was lying in a hospital room in one of those little backless gowns with an IV in my arm and peeing into a little plastic container with the help of my wife.
When I was in Vietnam, Carmela was 9 years old. Too bad. We could have used somebody like her when the bullets started flying. This whole experience was much worse for her than for me, but she did not once fall apart, at least not until it was all over.
So I'm back. Not quite as strong as I was, but a lot smarter. I remain at high risk for yet another stroke until I can start taking a blood thinner – something I cannot do until the doctors are sure that any blood clot remaining in my brain has dissolved. Otherwise it could cause any remaining clot to break loose and trigger yet another stroke.
We hope to be able to start treatment in another week or so and to be in a better place by September.
Promises and advice to my friends – and even my enemies:
Take care of yourself. If you experience any confusion or other such symptoms, go immediately to the emergency room and tell them you think you may have had a stroke. There is a four-hour window in which they can mitigate the damage
Unless I regain full vision, I will not drive. Your children are safe from me
This final promise is to my loyal and loving wife. I plan to live forever. I go into this battle understanding, I probably will most certainly lose. But when that time does come I plan to go down fighting.
And finally, because of my eye problems, I will not be posting on Facebook or Twitter for the next month to give my eyes a chance to recover. If you want to contact me, my email address is: cunham@aol.com. I won't be checking it, but Carmela will.
Thank you for your well wishes, and I will be back in touch – hopefully thinner, healthier, and better looking.
Love to everybody and kisses to all the girls.
A DIGITAL DILEMMA
By George Cunningham
I want to surprise my wife with a little gift every now and then. But there is a gang of evil-doers out there with nothing better to do than thwart my efforts to be a good husband. Those evil-doers go by the names of American Express aka AMEX, MasterCard aka MC, and Visa, aka Visa.
Here's an example. My wife has a birthday coming up in a few weeks and I thought I would surprise her with a funny gift. This is not a big deal – just a little gag to make her laugh. How much is my wife's surprise and laughter worth? Let's say 20 bucks.
So, I go on line and I order her a Colorama coloring book. You may have seen the ads for the Colorama book on TV. This is the commercial where the woman enthusiastically declares, "I look forward to jumping into bed with my Colorama book, and melting away the stress of the day," then it shows a picture of her in bed, coloring her heart out. It's so sad, that it's funny. And every time we see the ad, we laugh at that poor woman, who after all is just an actress.
So I figure when the Colorama book arrives, I will wrap it up real pretty and give it to my wife and wait for the howls of laughter to begin. Unfortunately, that's never going to happen, because my wife is a woman of the 21st Century. Within hours after I order her gift, American Express sends her an email saying our joint card was used to order a Colorama adult coloring book, and is that OK with her. American Express claims they do this for security reasons, but I suspect they just have a grudge against me and want to break up my marriage. Why would they harbor such animosity against me? You'll have to ask them.
All I know is that instead of howls of birthday laughter, what I got for my money is my wife, sitting at her computer, saying why in hell did you order one of those stupid Colorama books? Well, I explained, and of course, she forgave me … no thanks to American Express.
I liked the old days better. Back when if you used your credit card foolishly, you just threw away that little receipt and nobody was the wiser until the monthly bill arrived in the mail. As they say, "that ship has sailed" and here I am standing on the dock with a stupid look on my face and a coloring book in my hand.
Thanks a lot, American Express. I hope you're happy now.
PORT TOWN SIGNING
We finished writing Port Town on Halloween of last year, but there is a huge difference between completing a manuscript and holding the finished product in your hand. The editing and design folks at the Port of Long Beach did an incredible job of putting together the commemorative copy of the book with leatherette cover and copper-gilded pages. We spent a recent afternoon signing the books for special presentations. The book – Port Town, How the People of Long Beach Built, Defended, and Profited from Their Harbor – is available in both printed soft-cover on Amazon.com for $10.70 and in digital format for $1.99. It is free for download on iTunes. A limited number of the commemorative copies will be available for sale at the Long Beach Historic Society in August.
GOOD BUNCH OF MEN
One of those page-turners that will make you forget how tired you are and keep you reading late into the night. Retired LA Sheriff homicide investigator Danny R. Smith has created a buddy book about two hard-drinking, tough-guy detectives, who love one another and are obsessive about solving the crime, whether it's a rich lady in Malibu or a prostitute in Lynwood. READ MORE
DOGGONE RAW DEAL
A dog may be man's best friend, but are we their best friend? Do feral dogs have a better life being dogs, then pet dogs trying to adjust to life as little make-believe humans? READ MORE
For most of us, you meet someone, and you fall in love. You fill in the gaps and you smooth out the sharp edges between you and together you both become better people than you were on your own. But it's not that simple for some folks. Some folks think about things so much, they become frozen in uncertainty, and they never take the chance on what could be heaven or what could be hell. READ MORE
SAVE THE BUGS
Our insect friends are rapidly disappearing. They may seem disgusting to us, but without them we're in big trouble. We need bugs to help pollinate plants. Without bugs, there could be world-wide food shortages. And without bugs for food, the birds are in trouble too. Widespread use of pesticides is one problem. So is paving over much of urban areas and planting grass that replaces flowers and weeds. How can you help? READ MORE
THE STRANGE DEATH OF EUROPE
Author Douglas Murray sees a bleak future for European culture and values in this cautionary tale about unrestricted immigration from Muslim countries. The early newcomers came, fleeing the bloodshed in their homelands. Many of the later ones came merely seeking to cash in on the welfare benefits offered by the affluent nations of Europe. READ REVIEW
ENJOY YOURSELF, IT"S LATER THAN YOU THINK
Do you ever have somebody you love die, and you think I would give everything I own just to have one more day with them? Well, that's not going to happen. But how much time do you have to spend with them before they die? Less than you may think READ MORE
GOING TO POT
Despite obvious problems, I support legalization of marijuana for a number of good reasons. It's futile to prohibit a product that so many people want, especially in a free society. That was the case with the prohibition of alcohol. It lead to widespread disrespect for the law and the rise of organized crime. But in an attempt at fairness, here is the other side of the story. READ MORE
Tweets by @GeoCunham
©2019 George Lee Cunningham


I've been shopping for boots too! I've ordered 2 pairs and both were darker than pictured, which means they don't work with black. So frustrating!
I love #2. They're soo pretty.
My pair are dark brown and I am now looking for a lighter pair because I think they will go with more!
oooh, I love them both. I'm partial to the second ones because for the past week, I can't think about anything other than BOOTS. SWEATERS. MAPLE LEAVES. PUMPKINS. BOOTS.
Ohh, they are both gorgeous! I'm going to break with the crowd here and say that I like the first pair--they are just kind of different and unique.
I feel the same way about fall! It's all well and good until I can't do anything fun and it's cold. Humph. Even if I am melting in this out of control hot summer we're having this year!
While that second pair is gorgeous, the black & brown duo would work with more outfits. Can't wait until fall!
Both are gorgeous, but I love the first especially.
LOVE LOVE LOVE 'em - like your idea on the first - very versatile and this way you can do brown or black - smart tart!


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Home > Visiting the Court > What Can I See and Do? > Exhibitions > Sandra Day O'Connor
What Can I See and Do?
Sandra Day O'Connor, First Woman on the Supreme Court
Portrait of Sandra Day O'Connor by Danni Dawson, 1999
Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States
Justice Sandra Day O'Connor was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Ronald Reagan, and served from 1981 until 2006. Beginning with her childhood growing up on her family's ranch, the exhibition recalls her life before joining the Supreme Court, her service and accomplishments on the Court, and her continuing legacy off the Court.
Following her retirement from the Court on January 31, 2006, Justice O'Connor has continued her judicial service by hearing cases in the United States Courts of Appeals. In recognition of her lifetime accomplishments, President Barack Obama awarded Justice O'Connor with the nation's highest civilian honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, on August 12, 2009. This medal, along with portraits, sculpture and personal items such as her Bench chair help illuminate her story.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Our customers often ask us what our bestsellers are at Baker's Boots & Clothing. We have an inventory of thousands of boots and shoes, but there are definitely a few that come to mind as best sellers.
The Stock Boss Boot by Wesco is arguably the best motorcycle boot on the market. The height of the boot provides ankle support and protects against injury. It's rugged yet comfortable and is Oregon-made using Wesco's 155-step boot making process that ensures the highest quality possible. The Boss Boot used to be known as the Engineer Boot because it was a favorite among early 20th-century welders. View our inventory here.
The Custom Wesco Boss Boot, similarly to the Stock Boss was widely known as the Wesco Engineer Boot for decades. It's now worn for a wide range of uses as a work boot, a motorcycle boot, and everything in between. The Custom Wesco Boss Boot is a favorite among our customers because so many of the features are customizable. Some of the options include storage pockets, safety or regular toe, height, width, and heel types. View our inventory here.
The Wesco Jobmaster was originally designed to stand up to the demanding requirements of the logging industry; they're weather resistant and long-wearing, with tough soles and quality materials. These days, this boot is a favorite among our customers who want a quality boot that is Made in USA and is affordable, long-lasting, and flexible for all kinds of weather. Plus, it looks great too. View our selection of Jobmasters here.
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Not all of our customers live in climates like Oregon, and are interested in hiking boots designed for dry, hot climates such as the LOWA Baffin Pro. This boot is pretty versatile; breathable enough for a hot day hike in the Grand Canyon and tough enough to carry a fully-loaded backpack in dusty and rugged terrain. The LOWA Baffin Pro is sometimes purchased by firefighters for wildland firefighting as well. Take a look at our LOWA boots here.
The Custom Semi Dress Boot by White's Boots is perfect for our customers who spend their days in offices or all day on their feet. This hand-sewn boot is known for its comfort factor and many of our customers tell us they feel like it conforms to their feet. The custom options include height, leather, soles, and more. Build your custom boot here.


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Sebastián Olivé Roig (La Canonja, 1932-Madrid, 12 de febrero de 2013) fue un ingeniero técnico de Telecomunicación español, precursor en el estudio de la telegrafía óptica en España. Su libro Historia de la telegrafía óptica en España es un referente en esta especialidad. Fue el primer presidente de la Asociación de Amigos del Telégrafo de España.

Trayectoria
Olivé Ingresó en Telégrafos en 1948 y opositó al Cuerpo Técnico de Telecomunicación donde obtuvo plaza en 1955. Con posterioridad estudió ingeniería Técnica de Telecomunicación en la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) y se licenció en Ciencias Políticas por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM).

Como docente, fue Profesor numerario de la Escuela Oficial de Telecomunicación y Profesor encargado de curso de la Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica de Telecomunicación de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Además fue autor de varios libros y artículos cuyo argumento común es la historia del telégrafo. Participó en números congresos y reuniones académicas relacionadas con la historia de las telecomunicaciones.

Asociación de Amigos del Telégrafo de España
En 2004, se creó la Asociación de Amigos del Telégrafo de España, de la que Olivé fue presidente hasta su fallecimiento. Esta asociación puso en marcha la revista Telegrafistas.com de la que fue director y redactor.

Recorrió gran parte de la geografía española, como Presidente de la asociación, e impartió conferencias con motivo del 150 Aniversario de la Telegrafía Eléctrica en España, en Madrid, Málaga, Salamanca, Zafra, Barcelona, Murcia, León, Jaén, Fregenal de la Sierra y Tenerife.

Para poner en valor el patrimonio telegráfico la asociación creó en 2007 un grupo de trabajo técnico dirigido por Olivé, con sede en el Museo Postal y Telegráfico. Con este grupo se consiguió la restauración de aparatos y su puesta en funcionamiento para poder ser exhibidos en las salas de telegrafía del museo y en las exposiciones temporales por toda España.

Obra

 1990 – Historia de la telegrafía óptica en España. Secretaría General de Comunicaciones, Ministerio de Transporte, Turismo y Comunicaciones ISBN 9788486022457.
 1998 – Prehistoria de la profesión de ingeniero de telecomunicación y de sus escuelas. E.T.S.I. Telecomunicación U.P.M. ISBN 84-89176-38-8.
 1999 – Primeros pasos de la telecomunicación. Fundación Airtel. ISBN 84-930298-1-5.
 2004 – El nacimiento de la telecomunicación en España: el cuerpo de telégrafos (1854-1868). Fundación Rogelio Segovia para el Desarrollo de las Telecomunicaciones. ISBN 84-7402-313-0.
 2013 – Telégrafos: un relato de su travesía centenaria. Editorial Ariel. ISBN 978-84-08-01357-0.

Reconocimientos
El 27 de abril de 2006, Olivé fue nombrado colegiado de honor del Colegio Oficial de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación.

El 14 de marzo de 2013, en el Espacio Fundación Telefónica se realizó un homenaje a Olivé con motivo de la presentación de su libro póstumo: Telégrafos: un relato de una historia centenaria.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Artículos de Sebastián Olivé Roig en Dialnet.

Nacidos en La Canonja
Alumnado de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Alumnado de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Telegrafistas
Ingenieros de telecomunicación de España
Fallecidos en Madrid

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Cuisine is just as much an integral party of Portuguese-speaking cultures as it is of all others. The difference is that Portuguese–speaking cultures span the globe, hence the food of the Lusophone world is more varied than most. At Mar e Floresta, we make the most of that gastronomic variety by serving healthy and delicious food from four different continents. One day it might be pasta and linguiça from Portugal, the next feijoada (beef stew) from Brazil, and the day after that Rodízio de pizza. And what's there not to like about brigadeiro (Brazilian chocolate truffles)?
Meals at Mar e Floresta are served family style and in famílias as each aldeão is a member of a family group. Nor is the opportunity to learn new vocabulary overlooked: dishes are typically introduced using fun, interactive skits and costumes. Bom apetite!
Lower the heat to low and cook mixture for about 2 hours. After 2 hours the coconut condensed milk should be thick enough so that it does not run off the spoon easily and is reduced to about half.
Stir the mixture frequently until it boils, then cook for another 12 minutes approximately, scrapping the sides of the pan. This time may vary and what you are looking for is a thick and creamy consistency.
Let it cool and place it in the fridge for about 2 hours. It is important to cool it before rolling it into balls.
Remove from fridge, line your hands with butter and start rolling the chocolate into balls. You might need to add more butter to your hands in between a few rolls.
Cover each ball in cacao powder, coconut or chopped up nuts.
If you feel the chocolate is not thick enough to roll into balls place it back in the stove at medium heat and let it cook longer, then cool it in the fridge again before attempting to roll it into balls.


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For Funerals, Weddings or Baptisms, please contact the Parish Office (9.00 am – 12.30 pm and 2.00 pm – 4.30 pm weekdays) on 01935 812452 or email the Parish Secretary email
About St James the Great Longburton
The Tower is the oldest part of the building, mid 13th century, with typical Early English Lancet windows. It was heightened in the 15th century with embattled parapet and gargoyles. The bell-chamber was added in the 16th or 17th century with two square-headed lights in each wall. There are six bells. The Treble by John Taylor of Loughborough in 1992 bearing the inscription 'In memory of Rosamond Herbert-Smith 1900 – 1988'. The 2nd by John Taylor of Loughborough in 1992 bearing the inscription 'Given by the People of Longburton'. The 3rd by Thomas Knight of Glosworth in 1701 with 'Sir George Stroad Anno Domini 1907 T.K.' inscribed. The 4th by Thomas Bilbie of Chewstoke in 1764 with the inscription 'Rev. Mr William Sharpe, Mr Thomas Collins and Mr William Swetman, Church Wardens'. The 5th by Thomas Bilbie of Chewstoke in 1764 and the Tenor by the Salisbury Foundry in the early 16th century bearing the inscription 'Sit Nomen Domine Benedictum'.
The West Door is partly restored late 14th century, but is seldom used. The Tower Arch is two centred, early English, and has re-set under it one pair of 17th century screens which originally stood in the North Chapel to protect the monuments. It has a radiating gadroon ornament and a metal spiked top. The second screen forms part of the vestry in the North Aisle. Near the Tower Arch is a 17th century wooden chest with panelled front and ends. It has three locks.
The Nave has a modern North Arcade and two 15th century windows in the South Wall. The one nearest the pulpit has stained glass and depicts the Nunc Dimittis, the Visit to the Temple and the Baptism by St. John. The Font is 15th century and is made of local Ham Hill stone. It is an octagonal bowl with flowers in quatrefoil panels. It has a moulded underside plain stem and moulded base which were kindly donated by the late Colonel and Mrs Ireland- Smith. Some of the original lead moulding is in a frame on the North Wall.
The Squint is modern and was built into the wall of the North Chapel when the church was restored in 1873 and the North Aisle added. Above it there is a small section of 12th century chevron stonework. The South Porch is of the 15th century and has a moulded and two centred outer archway. In the West Wall is a window of one square headed light.
An interesting feature is the sundial on the S.E. buttress of the Nave, where there is a stone cut with a scratch dial and two crosses. Stuart Arms over the South doorway are painted on a wooden panel. Set up soon after the restoration of Charles II, initialled and dated C.R. 1662. It is inscribed with the ominous words from Ecclesiastes – 'Curse not the King, noe, not in thy thought'.
The Chancel Arch is 15th century, moulded and two centred. Attached shafts have moulded capitals and there is a row of trefoil-headed panels between the two mouldings. The Chancel is particularly interesting for its 15th century windows. The stained glass is, of course, modern. It depicts, over the altar, The Nativity, The Crucifixion and The Ascension of our Lord. The three windows in the South Wall shows St. Edward Rex and St. Helena; and St. Aldhelm, the patron saint of Sherborne. On the floor of the Chancel is a magnificent tablet to the memory of Sir John Fitzjames of Leweston 1670, and his wife Margaret (Stephens) 1685. It has an achievement and shield of arms. The Communion Table is early 17th century, with turned legs and enriched top rails and stretchers. Plate includes a cup of 1616 with a band of engraved ornament round the bowl (this is now on display in the Chapter House at Salisbury).
The North Chapel was built in the early 17th century and contains two impressive canopied monuments. The first is to Sir John Fitzjames 1625 and his wife Joan (Trenchard) 1612, and was erected by their son Leweston Fitzjames. It consists of a painted stone monument with recumbent figures of a man in armour, head on book; his wife in ruff, gown and cloak. Below the slab are stone bones, spade and pickaxe. The second monument is very similar to the first. It is to Thomas Winston, his son Sir Henry Winston and his wife Dioness (Bond) 1609 – 1610. This was erected by their daughter Eleanor Fitzjames. Above both tombs are cartouches and shields of arms. Incidentally, another daughter, Sarah, married John Churchill from the parish of Glanvilles Wootton. This couple were the grandparents of John, 1st Duke of Marlborough, a direct ancestor of the late Sir Winston Churchill.
In a corner of the Vestry, in the North Aisle, is the working mechanism of a wrought iron, late 17th century, Turret- clock. It was fully repaired and restored in 1972 by Andrew L. James, then a scholar at Sherborne School. The Stained Glass in the window of the North Aisle is medieval in origin.
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Carla Wixom is Morro Bay's Best Choice for Mayor
Leave a Comment / By Aaron Ochs / September 8, 2022 September 8, 2022
Morro Bay is a wonderful city, but the politics can get a little heated.
In the 10+ years I've spent here, I've seen community leaders come and go. Each leader has always brought their unique take on the role of mayor. Not every leader we've elected was perfect, but the City Council had traditionally allowed for open, rigorous debate on various community issues. Residents voted for leaders based on positions and values they've touted during their political campaigns, but there was always the expectation that they would be making informed decisions from behind the dais with extensive public input.
Unfortunately, for the past decade, we've seen the City of Morro Bay turn from a community-based government that used a consensus and compromise model for decision-making to a half-baked autocracy where the only voice that mattered, on the City Council, was the mayor. Residents have jokingly referred to our current and past mayor as "kings." Under the leadership of past mayor Jamie Irons and current mayor John Headding, agendas are set long in advance and the die is cast before public input is presented. They feel that public participation — that doesn't come in the form of praise — is inconvenient.
Dissent among the council is not only discouraged by the mayor, but it was literally written out of the council bylaws under the faulty pretense of improving efficiency at council meetings. This meant community issues of public interest were presented by staff and a handful of questions are asked by the council, but not debated. Residents can deliver public comment. But for many, public comment feels futile. Over time, residents who previously and actively engaged in the public process have felt their words carried no weight. They felt the fix was already in. They felt they lost the ability to communicate on an even level with City leadership. Unless you're one of many involved in the ever-revolving door of contractors or a certain cannabis mogul that's now serving time in federal jail, the City leadership is not interested in having an open dialogue on matters that affect residents' quality of life on a daily basis.
This is why our government needs to transform. The whole approach to governing in Morro Bay needs to transform. We have to recognize leaders who are capable of making that transformation happen.
One of those leaders is Carla Wixom, a highly principled, well-respected and determined public servant. As a Rotarian, owner of a successful restaurant and former council member, Carla has deep roots in the community. Because she has deep roots in our community, Carla is more invested in the community's collective well-being and holds herself more accountable to making the best possible decisions.
She's not interested in the partisan politics or appeasing special interests. She doesn't look for shortcuts to bypass public opinion. She respects the value of the community, respects the rule of law that makes our government more accountable and transparent to the public. She evaluates community issues with undeniable devotion to a granular level of detail and proudly puts in the time. This is someone who genuinely cares about Morro Bay.
Carla works hard. To have a business like hers last as long as it has, especially during COVID-19, you need an owner that will make tough calls while recognizing and respecting the very people who've helped her lay a consistent foundation for that business. Carla has done that for over 30 years. In this economy, that's unheard of. She brought her business acumen and expertise to the City Council from 2008-2012. She did a fine job because her extensive volunteerism and private sector experience gave her deliberations more depth. She brought prestige to the position she served and set the bar high.
For years, I've found Carla intimidating. I've been to a number of events where she sat down and candidly spoke to residents about community issues, public policy and safety. My body would naturally tense up when she was close by. I was reluctant to say anything around her because the depth of her knowledge on Morro Bay was so profound, it humbled me into silence. I listened to her words carefully and appreciated her wisdom. She commanded a presence that reinforced the desire within me to shape up, be informed and get to work; that there was no time to mess around or pretend to know the issues. You have to put in the work and time. It dawned on me later that my "intimidated" feeling was actually an outward manifestation of my deep respect for the woman she is.
Carla is the type of person that operates at such a high level of responsible, civic-minded leadership that she inspires others around her to be at their best. That's why I believe the rest of the City Council will undergo a healthy and long overdue transformation. Even if council members vote differently than her or have opposing views, they know they'll be free to show independence and not be coerced into fealty. They will be empowered to speak up and listen. Then, and only then, will our council body be a truly independent and transparent entity.
I'm excited and proud to endorse Carla Wixom for Morro Bay mayor.


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Displaying items by tag: Cape Town
Clipper Race: Greenings Crew Evacuated After Running Aground
#ClipperRace - Greenings' stand-in skipper Andy Woodruf and crew were reportedly doing well after some rest in Cape Town hours after they ran aground on the western side of the Cape Peninsula last night (Tuesday 31 October).
No injuries were reported on board when the boat hit a rocky shoal around 11.40pm local time (9.40pm Irish time) last night, not long after the fleet departed Cape Town on the third leg of the Clipper Race.
However, as a precaution, rescue boats were called to evacuate the crew to shore at Hout Bay.
Unicef, as the closest race vessel to the incident, was initially asked to stand by to assist but was later released to continue racing.
It's the second major incident to hit the Greenings team after skipper David Hartsthorn suffered a serious hand injury in late August during Race 1 from Liverpool to Uruguay.
The crash will also bring back memories of Team Vestas Wind's disastrous grounding in the Indian Ocean in the 2014-15 Volvo Ocean Race. That team's new incarnation as Vestas 11th Hour Racing is faring much better in the latest edition, last week winning the first leg from Alicante to Lisbon.
Meanwhile, the rest of the Clipper fleet continues their race across the southern Indian Ocean from Cape Town to Perth in Australia.
First across the start line yesterday was Dare To Lead, which had to use all of skipper Dale Smyth's local knowledge of the waters around Cape Town to move into second place as Sanya Serenity Coast was first to round the first mark in Table Bay.
Dare To Lead has since slipped into third behind PSP Logistics, which had been nipping at their heels all of this morning (Wednesday 1 November).
Sanya Serenity Coast is currently leading the way in The Dell Latitude Rugged Race 3, with a 35 nautical mile advantage on their closest rivals.
Visit Seattle, Garmin, GREAT Britain, HotelPlanner.com, Joker Card players Qingdao and Liverpool 2018 make up the rest of the chasing pack, in order, with only four nautical miles separating the front from the back.
Behind them NASDAQ is some 30nm adrift, while Unicef's crew have some catching up to do after last night's rescue detour as they currently lie some 96nm behind the leaders.
Published in Clipper Race
Clipper Race
Greenings
Abu Dhabi Ocean Racing Wins First Leg of 2014-15 Volvo Ocean Race
#VOR - Abu Dhabi Ocean Racing's VOR 65 Azzam was the first yacht across the finish line in Cape Town this afternoon (Wednesday 5 November), taking Leg 1 of the 12th edition of the Volvo Ocean Race.
The win marks an Irish triumph, too, with VOR veteran Justin Slattery serving as bowman, trimmer and helmsman among a crew that has faced a tough battle for first place since leaving Alicante more than three weeks ago.
Indeed, for the past week Abu Dhabi have been almost neck and neck with Dutch entrants Team Brunel and Chinese debutantes Dongfeng Race Team – the latter coming within one nautical mile of the leaders as Table Mountain came into view, as the VOR website reports.
But the wind shadow caused by that landmark slowed both boats down – and more importantly, provided the opportunity Ian Walker and his crew needed for the final push ahead to victory at 15:10 UTC.
Published in Ocean Race
Justin Slattery
Tourist Dies in Cape Town Charter Boat Capsize
#WATER SAFETY - Irish tourists headed to South Africa have been reminded of the dangers of the sea after a whale-watching vessel capsized near Cape Town at the weekend.
As BBC News reports, British tourist Peter Hyett and crewman John Roberts died when the catamaran Miroshga capsized off Hout Bay on the eastern side of the Cape Peninsula, near the popular seal colony of Duiker Island.
A number of the 39 passengers on board at the time were trapped in the vessel for almost four hours before they were freed by rescuers.
The seas off Hout Bay are a mecca for whale and seal watching, but are known to be rough, with hidden rocks below the surface. Great white sharks are also a regular sight in the waters, attracted by the seals.
But fellow skippers in the area reported fine weather and only slight swells at the time of the capsizing, according to iAfrica.com.
An investigation into the incident is being launched.
Published in Water Safety
Hout Bay
VOR Second Leg Cut Short Over Piracy Concerns
#VOLVO OCEAN RACE - The second leg of the Volvo Ocean Race from Cape Town to Dubai has been cut short by organisers as a result of the growing threat of piracy in the Indian Ocean, The Irish Times reports.
The six yachts competing will be protected by armed guards as they are shipped on a secret route to the United Arab Emirates due to piracy concerns.
The boats will be transported by ship from an undisclosed location to Sharjah in the Arabian Gulf, from where they will sprint to the finish line in Abu Dhabi.
All six teams are currently in Cape Town, with Team Sanya, PUMA and Abu Dhabi Ocean Racing hoping to get back in the race after retiring in the first leg.
As previously reported on Afloat.ie, NATO recently foiled a pirate attack on a Spanish fishing vessel between the Seychelles and the Somali coast.
The Irish Times has more on the story HERE.
Team Sanya
Abu Dhabi Ocean Racing
Team Sanya Hitches a Ride to Capetown (Photo)
#SANYA– Definitely not as intended but neverthless on her way to Cape Town as our picture shows. The Discover Ireland backed Sanya entry in the Volvo Ocean Race has been successfully repaired and is ready to joing the other six yachts in the fleet. The 70-foot yacht suffered hull damage only hours into the race. Still to arrive is Puma, the third boat in the fleet to have suffered damage in the first leg.
Afloat again and heading for Capetown. Team Sanya is repaired and spotted on a cargo ship
VOR Skipper Cammas Receives French Sporting Honour
Volvo Ocean Race skipper Franck Cammas has been presented with one of France's most prestigious sporting honours.
http://afloat.ie/sail/events/volvo-ocean-race/
The man in charge of the Groupama sailing was awarded the Grand Prix de l'Académie des Sports in Paris recently, recognising his achievements in sailing in 2010.
These included his skippering of the 100ft trimaran Groupama 3 non-stop around the world in a record-breaking in 48 days, 7 hours, 44 minutes and 52 seconds.
Cammas is only the fifth sailor to be presented with the award, following Whitbread Round the World Race skipper Eric Tabarly, 1983 America's Cup winner John Bertrand, solo sailor Isabelle Autissier and Alinghi team principal Ernesto Bertarelli.
But Cammas isn't resting on his laurels, as he's currently preparing with his team to compete in the next Volvo Ocean Race kicking off next month.
He will lead a crew of 11 sailors on the 70ft monohull Volvo Open 70 Groupama 4 in the 39,000 nautical mile race - which is set to stop off in Galway next summer.
http://afloat.ie/sail/events/volvo-ocean-race/item/16061-countdown-to-vor-begins-in-galway/
The action starts in Alicante, Spain on 29 October with the first in-port race. The first leg to Cape Town then begins on 5 November.
The man in charge of the Groupama sailing team was awarded the Grand Prix de l'Académie des Sports in Paris recently, recognising his achievements in sailing in 2010.
He will lead a crew of 11 sailors - including Kerryman Damian Foxall - on the 70ft monohull Volvo Open 70 Groupama 4 in the 39,000 nautical mile race, which is set to conclude in Galway next summer and will also involve Wexford sailor Justin Slattery, who is in the crew for Team Abu Dhabi.
Franck Cammas
Alinghi
Éric Tabarly
John Bertrand
Grand Prix de l'Académie des Sports
Whitbread Round the World Race
Isabelle Autissier
Ernesto Bertarelli
Five Oceans of Smile Too Arrives in Cape Town
Christophe Bullens celebrates his arrival in Cape Town as he finishes the first Ocean Sprint of the Velux 5 Oceans, from La Rochelle onboard his boat Five Oceans of Smiles Too.
Five Oceans of Smiles Too Photo: Ainhoa Sanchez/w-w-i.com
The former Belgian national sailing champion and tank commander in the Belgian army, now runs a yacht charter business. Christophe's boat is named Five Ocean of Smiles after the Smiles charity, which supports 'children who are HIV positive.
The Velux 5 Oceans is the oldest single-handed round the world yacht race which was first held in 1982. The race is the longest and toughest event for any individual in any sport. The race is a series of five ocean sprints within a marathon circumnavigation that covers a 30,000 mile route. The race started in France at La Rochelle with the first leg ending in Cape Town. The following stages go on to Wellington, Salvador, Charleston and back to La Rochelle for the finish.
Published in Offshore
Velux 5 Oceans
Christophe Bullens
Ocean Sprint
Five Oceans of Smiles Too
The Half Ton Class was created by the Offshore Racing Council for boats within the racing band not exceeding 22'-0". The ORC decided that the rule should "....permit the development of seaworthy offshore racing yachts...The Council will endeavour to protect the majority of the existing IOR fleet from rapid obsolescence caused by ....developments which produce increased performance without corresponding changes in ratings..."
When first introduced the IOR rule was perfectly adequate for rating boats in existence at that time. However yacht designers naturally examined the rule to seize upon any advantage they could find, the most noticeable of which has been a reduction in displacement and a return to fractional rigs.
After 1993, when the IOR Mk.III rule reached it termination due to lack of people building new boats, the rule was replaced by the CHS (Channel) Handicap system which in turn developed into the IRC system now used.
The IRC handicap system operates by a secret formula which tries to develop boats which are 'Cruising type' of relatively heavy boats with good internal accommodation. It tends to penalise boats with excessive stability or excessive sail area.
The most significant events for the Half Ton Class has been the annual Half Ton Cup which was sailed under the IOR rules until 1993. More recently this has been replaced with the Half Ton Classics Cup. The venue of the event moved from continent to continent with over-representation on French or British ports. In later years the event is held biennially. Initially, it was proposed to hold events in Ireland, Britain and France by rotation. However, it was the Belgians who took the ball and ran with it. The Class is now managed from Belgium.
At A Glance – Half Ton Classics Cup Winners
2017 – Kinsale – Swuzzlebubble – Phil Plumtree – Farr 1977
2016 – Falmouth – Swuzzlebubble – Greg Peck – Farr 1977
2015 – Nieuwport – Checkmate XV – David Cullen – Humphreys 1985
2014 – St Quay Portrieux – Swuzzlebubble – Peter Morton – Farr 1977
2013 – Boulogne – Checkmate XV – Nigel Biggs – Humphreys 1985
2011 – Cowes – Chimp – Michael Kershaw – Berret 1978
2009 – Nieuwpoort – Général Tapioca – Philippe Pilate – Berret 1978
2007 – Dun Laoghaire – Henri-Lloyd Harmony – Nigel Biggs – Humphreys 1980~
2005 – Dinard – Gingko – Patrick Lobrichon – Mauric 1968


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Jaime Chesney
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First Name Jaime
Last Name Chesney
Nickname/s -
Birth Name -
Date of Birth January 7, 1981
Born United States
Residence Pennsylvania, United States
Weight class Bantamweight
Weight range 132 - 142lbs / 60 - 64kg
Preferred 135lbs / 61kg
Height 5ft 6in / 167cm
Reach -
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Katelyn Dykas Unanimous Decision MMA 05/24/14 Pittsburgh Challenge Series 7, United States
2:00 R3 / 3×2 Amateur ……………………………………………………………………………………..
Christina Cherkes Rear-Naked Choke MMA 03/15/14 Gladiators of the Cage: North Shore's Rise to Power 4, Pennsylvania, United States
1:28 R1 Amateur ……………………………………………………………………………………..
Annie DeCrescente Unanimous Decision MMA 11/27/13 Pittsburgh Challenge Series 5
Jessica Richman Unanimous Decision MMA 07/20/13 Gladiators of the Cage: North Shore's Rise to Power 2, Pennsylvania, United States
Erin Cantrell Unanimous Decision Muay Thai 01/31/04 Combat Sports Challenge, The Showplace, Richmond, Virginia, United States
……… ………………….. ………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………..
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Portal Home > Knowledgebase > FAQ > What are the Transparency Policy, Warrant Canary and Network Alerts?
There is not much difference between the Transparency Report, the Warrant Canary and the Network Alerts. The three sections are here to keep you updated about interventions occurring across our network, and they make up together our strategy towards transparency and full guarantee of the protection of your privacy.
- The Transparency Report is here to keep you informed about abuse complaints we receive, and how we respond to them. This involves things such as DMCA, fraud, hack or spam alerts, but also warrants and law enforcement requests.
- The Warrant Canary is here to keep you informed about interventions from governments and local law enforcement agencies, that we are not supposed to inform the public or our customers about. It serves the same purpose as the Transparency Report, but for all the sensitive stuff where some weird law actually prevents us from speaking the truth out and protecting our customers' privacy.
- The Network Alerts is where we inform you of internal interventions we undertake to keep our VPN network smoothly running. It is usually in response to DDoS attacks and other flooding issues. Unlike the other VPN providers, who would make an intervention behind the scenes and never acknowledge to the customers that they have been able to see the traffic going through the VPN, we always keep you updated when even ourselves might be able to assess the traffic going through a VPN.
In conclusion, these three sections are here to provide you guarantees of awareness when we or any third party needs to undertake some intervention across our VPN network.


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The Robert S. Peabody Institute of Archaeology, formerly known as the Robert S. Peabody Museum of Archaeology, is a learning center and archaeological collection in Andover, Massachusetts. Founded in 1901 through a bequest from Robert Singleton Peabody, an 1857 Phillips Academy alumnus, the institute initially held the archaeological materials collected by Peabody from Native American cultures. Peabody's passionate interest in archaeology led him to create the institute at Phillips Academy to encourage young people's interest in the sciences, and to foster respect and appreciation for the Native American peoples who have inhabited that hemisphere for thousands of years.

The Peabody's major collections include artifacts and material from the Southwest, Northeast, Midwest, Mexico, Southeast and the Arctic. The date range represented by these collections spans from Paleo Indian (10,000+ years ago) to the present day.

History
The Robert S. Peabody Institute has served as a major center for fieldwork, research, and publication since its founding in 1901. Peabody, an 1857 graduate of Phillips Academy, established the Museum as the repository for his collection of approximately 38,000 artifacts and as a place where students could become acquainted with the discipline of archaeology. Throughout its history, the institute has been known by several names, including the Department of Archaeology, the Robert S. Peabody Foundation for Archaeology, the Robert S. Peabody Museum of Archaeology, and, most recently, the Robert S. Peabody Institute for Archaeology.

As the museum's first director, his son Charles initiated the strong emphasis on research with excavations in 1901 at the Dorr Mound, Mississippi, Jacob's Cavern, Missouri in 1903 and Bushy Cavern, Maryland in 1904, among others. His excavations used an early form of grid system and produced some of the first well-documented evidence of man in association with extinct fauna. His 1904 report on Jacob's Cavern inaugurated the museum's long history of research and publication.

Warren K. Moorehead, appointed curator in 1901 and second director in 1924, conducted fieldwork throughout North America. He undertook extensive regional surveys and excavations in the Arkansas River Valley, Northwest Georgia and coastal Maine from 1907 to 1938. Work at Etowah, Hopewell, the Cahokia Mounds, and "Red Paint" sites in Maine added about 200,000 objects and provided some of the most valuable early collections. Moorehead was appointed by Theodore Roosevelt to the Board of Indian Commissioners in 1909. He investigated claims of fraud at the Annishinabe Reservation at White Earth Minnesota, exposing illegal seizure of reservation land by lumber and land companies. The museum curates photographs documenting the work and gifts from Annishinabe people whose land was eventually returned.

Between 1915 and 1929 A. V. Kidder excavated sites in the Pecos Valley, New Mexico and elsewhere in the American southwest. Kidder is known as the "father of archaeology" for his demonstration of the value of stratigraphic excavation in the Americas. With Carl Guthe and Anna O. Shepard, Kidder's analysis resulted in the first full chronology of southwestern archaeology. Inspired by questions raised at Pecos, Carl Guthe and Elsie Clews Parsons conducted ethnographic studies at Jemez and San Ildefonso Pueblos in the first use of analogy with the present as a tool in archaeological interpretation. The excavations at Pecos and related sites recovered more than 25,000 artifacts. Earnest Hooton at Harvard's Peabody Museum studied the more than 2,000 sets of human remains from Pecos in the first physical anthropological study of population groups through time. In 1927 Kidder held the first Pecos Conference, initiating regional archaeological conferences. The Pecos Conferences were first sponsored by the Peabody and later hosted by participating institutions.

Third director, Douglas S. Byers, and curator Fred Johnson were national leaders in research and publication from 1938 through 1968. The Robert S. Peabody "Foundation for Archaeological Research" updated and revised cataloging, artifact storage systems, exhibits and publications. Fieldwork was focused on identifying the New England stratigraphic sequence. Johnson pioneered interdisciplinary paleoecological analysis for archaeological interpretation, applying it first to the Boylston Street Fish Weir in 1939. Excavation of Paleoindian occupations at the Bull Brook and Debert sites during the 1950s and 60s employed Pleistocene geology as an analytical tool. Extensive work was also undertaken in the Yukon and in Mexico. These excavations, plus several significant private collections, added another 200,000 objects.

The RSPM hosted the initial meeting of the Society for American Archaeology in 1935 and inaugurated the Massachusetts Archaeological Society five years later. During the 1950s Fred Johnson chaired the American Anthropological Association committee linking the needs of archaeologists with the expertise of Willard F. Libby to develop Carbon 14 dating for archaeological sites. The Peabody hosted the 1954 Conference on Radiocarbon Dating and the 1956 International Conference on Radiocarbon Dating with representatives from seven European countries, Canada, and the United States.

In 1968, Richard "Scotty" MacNeish was appointed Director. His major excavations in Mexico, Peru, and Belize investigated the origins of agriculture. MacNeish's discoveries of early corn and the pre-ceramic sequence in Mexico provided crucial insight into plant and animal domestication and the beginnings of sedentary life in the New World. This work is considered one of the most important interdisciplinary studies in 20th century American archaeology. His contributions to archaeology were acknowledged through more than a dozen medals and honors, including his election to the National Academy of Sciences in 1974. The Museum curates the type collections published in the Tehuacan volumes and the personal papers, field notes, maps, photographs and publications constituting the MacNeish library and archives.

The museum was dormant after MacNeish's 1983 departure until the arrival of James W. Bradley in 1990. Bradley renamed the institution the Robert S. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and revived the museum's research and educational functions, achieved broad use of the museum's resources within Phillips Academy, inaugurated highly successful expeditionary learning programs and reactivated the Research Associate program. Innovative work directed toward NAGPRA compliance resulted in a national model for partnerships with tribes. Bradley's emphasis on collection management, acquisition of significant private collections, and building relations with native communities, avocational archaeologists, educators and professional museum and archaeology constituencies, rebuilt the museum's national significance.

In November 2017, the Robert S. Peabody Museum of Archaeology was renamed the Robert S. Peabody Institute of Archaeology in order to more accurately reflect the institution's mission and to avoid confusion with other similarly named institutions.

The Peabody Today
Today, under director Dr. Ryan Wheeler, the Peabody continues its primary role as a teaching museum and educational resource for Phillips Academy and its community.

Collections
The Robert S. Peabody Institute curates artifacts, archives, books, and images that pertain to indigenous cultures of the Americas, past and present. These materials reflect a century of archaeological field research, much of which was cutting-edge science for its time. They also mirror the diverse interests of Peabody directors and curators. While not a primary focus, the museum also curates a small collection of European Paleolithic material as well as several small post contact historical archaeology collections.

The Peabody artifact collections are organized into three distinct categories: research, education, and comparative collections. The strengths of the three collection categories are well documented, particularly the archaeological research collection which continues to be an important resource for professional scholarly research. The Peabody archives, library, and image collections support the museum's artifact collections and serve as a resource for the Phillips Academy, archaeological, scholarly, native, and museum communities as well as the public on occasion.

The primary users of the Peabody collections are:
Phillips Academy faculty and students through student workduty, classroom visits and collections tours and independent projects.
Archaeological, scholarly, and museum communities through research queries, visits, publications, and artifact loans.
Native communities through research and repatriation requests primarily in connection with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act.
Massachusetts Archaeological Society Northeast Chapter members, the general public, and other interested groups through attendance at lectures, exhibits and/or education programs.

NAGPRA
The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) was passed in 1990 and provides a process for museum and federal agencies to return human remains, funerary objects, sacred objects, and objects of cultural patrimony to their descendent Native American Communities.  The Peabody Museum is in full compliance with the NAGPRA law for culturally affiliated materials.

In 1999, the Peabody took part in the largest American repatriation to date in collaboration with the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard University and the Pecos National Historic Park. Together they returned approximately 2,000 sets of human remains and 1,020 burial and ceremonial objects to the Pueblo of Jemez.  Most of the human remains had been housed at the Harvard Peabody while the majority of the artifacts were returned by the RSPM.  These remains were from sites within the Pecos Valley, including Pecos Pueblo, Rowe Ruin, Loma, Lothrop, and Dick's Ruin, outside of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Pecos Pueblo was excavated by A.V. Kidder from 1915 to 1929.  Artifacts uncovered by Kidder were sent back to the RSPM and to Harvard. The Pecos repatriation remains the largest single repatriation in NAGPRA history and has fostered an ongoing relationship between the Pueblo of Jemez, Pecos Pueblo National Historic Park, and the Robert S. Peabody Museum.

References

External links
Robert S. Peabody Institute of Archaeology
National NAGPRA
Pecos Pueblo National Historic Park
Phillips Academy, Andover
Massachusetts Archaeological Society
Pueblo of Jemez

Buildings and structures in Andover, Massachusetts
Native American museums in Massachusetts
Phillips Academy
Archaeological museums in Massachusetts
Museums established in 1901
1901 establishments in Massachusetts


The Barnes & Noble Review: Why did you write Consider the Fork?
Bee Wilson: As a food writer, many of my waking hours are devoted to food — buying it, cooking it, eating it, reading and fantasizing about it. But I suddenly realized that while I gave huge thought to what my family ate, I hadn't paid much attention to the tools and techniques behind all these meals. Once I became aware of it, I saw how much hidden intelligence there was in the kitchen and I wanted to find out more. Technology was everywhere — not just in high-tech microwaves or sous-vide machines but in humbler objects such as egg whisks and mortars. I started to shift my focus from the what of cooking — the ingredients — onto the how. How did we learn to boil things in pots? How did knife skills evolve? Why did it take so long for anyone to invent a decent vegetable peeler? In the middle of stirring a pan of soup, I'd sometimes pause and study my wooden spoon with renewed curiosity. While writing the book, cooking supper sometimes became a lot slower; but also more interesting.
BNR: Why does kitchen equipment matter?
BW: From fire onwards, the way we choose to cook will also determine how we live. Archaeologists know that the cooking vessels and implements we leave behind are a window onto our beliefs. Kitchen gizmos can offer a fascinating glimpse into the preoccupations of any given society. The Mayans lavished great artistry on the gourds from which chocolate was drunk. If you walk around our own kitchenware shops, you would think that the things we are really obsessed with in the West right now are espresso, Panini, and cupcakes.
We sometimes forget that different cuisines are founded not just on different flavors but different tools. Take knives: do you need one or many? Cutting is the most basic form of food preparation — far older than cooking. But the way knives have been used, and the form they take, has varied dramatically. Classical French cuisine requires many cutters, from chestnut parers to ham slicers; Chinese cooking needs only one, the tou, used for everything from jointing chickens to cutting garlic into paper-thin slices. This difference reflects the fact that professional French cuisine is one of specialism, while Chinese cooking is guided by frugality.
BNR: Which cooking inventions have been the most important?
BW: Apart from the original invention of cooking with fire, gas stoves were perhaps the single greatest improvement ever to occur in kitchen technology. At the start of the twentieth century, they liberated millions from the pollution, discomfort and sheer time-waste of looking after a fire-powered stove. Looking at the Developing World, where smoke pollution from indoor cooking fires still kills as many as 1.5 million people a year (according to the World Health Organization) you start to see how life changing gas cookery must have been. Electric ovens and microwaves, though significant, didn't improve lives in the same way.
Another game changer was the refrigerator. We often overlook the fact that it altered not just individual kitchens but the entire food supply of America. The industrial refrigerator cars of the mid nineteenth century transformed what people ate: fresh meat, fresh milk, and fresh green vegetables became year-round staples in all parts of the United States for the first time in history.
But not all of the important developments in the kitchen have been such big ones. If you ask cooks which thing they love most in their kitchen, it's striking how often they say a wooden spoon. Cooking is made up of hundreds of small repetitive activities. Hand-held tools that enable us to perform simple tasks more effectively and pleasurably are the ones we become most attached to. Two of the inventions that consistently give me pleasure when I use them are the balloon whisk and the mezzaluna. Both were first used in Italy in the seventeenth century. In the intervening centuries, inventors have devised fancier ways to whip cream and chop herbs. Yet these remain the most satisfying tools for the job.
BNR: What was the strangest thing you learned in your research?
BW: I was amazed to learn that the alignment of our jaws and teeth may be a product of how we use cutlery in our formative years. A remarkable American anthropologist called C. Loring Brace noticed that the overbite — which orthodontists tell us is the normal arrangement for our teeth — only goes back around 250 years. Before that, surviving skeletons show an edge-to-edge bite, similar to apes. The best explanation for this change in our teeth is the adoption of the knife and fork, which meant that we started to cut food up into small morsels before eating it. Previously, in the West, we ate food using the "stuff-and-cut" method, clamping chewy bread or meat between our incisors. When we stopped using our incisors as a clamp — because of the knife and fork - the top layer of teeth continued to grow (or "erupt"), resulting in the overbite.
The clincher — I had goosebumps when I first read this — is that this change in human teeth can be observed 900 years earlier in China than the West. The reason? Chopsticks.
BNR: What is your favorite kitchen gadget?
BW: Coffee is my greatest addiction and I've become fanatical about the AeroPress, a plastic manual device that makes inky-dark coffee essence using air pressure. Coffee is a good example of how different techniques radically alter the end results, even with the same ingredients. To brew coffee is to do nothing more than mix grounds with hot water and strain out the dregs. But a modern cup of espresso made in a high pressure Italian machine has little in common with a Victorian pot of coffee, boiled for twenty minutes and strained through isinglass (fish bladder). I know which I'd rather drink. And the difference is technology.
"Wilson celebrates the unsung implements that have helped shape our diets through the centuries.
Bee Wilson's supple, sometimes playful style in Consider the Fork…cleverly disguises her erudition in fields from archaeology and anthropology to food science. Only when you find yourself rattling off statistics at the dinner table will you realize how much information you've effortlessly absorbed…Her fourth book (following histories of beekeeping, food scandals and the sandwich) proves she belongs in the company of Jane Grigson, one of the grandes dames of English food writing. Like Grigson's, Wilson's insouciant scholarship and companionable voice convince you she would be great fun to spend time with in the kitchen.
…[an] ambitious, blenderized treatise. The path from Stone Age flints to sous-vide machines whirs so smoothly that I found myself re-reading passages just to trace how the author managed to work in a Victorian copper batterie de cuisine along the way.
From British food writer Wilson (Sandwich: A Global History, 2010, etc.), a savory survey of kitchen implements and their impact. We normally apply the word "technology" to military and industrial equipment, writes the author, but in fact developments in those fields often carry over to the kitchen. The inventor of stainless steel was trying to improve gun barrels, and the creator of the microwave oven was working on naval radar systems. In addition, innovations in cookware can have enormous social impact: Before food was cooked in a pot, people who lost their teeth and couldn't chew literally starved to death. In the lively prose of a seasoned journalist, Wilson blends personal reminiscences with well-researched history to illustrate how the changing nature of our equipment affects what we eat and how we cook. "Knife" explores the difference between Western eaters, who cut big pieces of cooked food at the table, and the Chinese wielders of a tou, who chop up food into equal-sized pieces to be quickly cooked, saving energy in a country with limited fuel. "Fire" traces the evolution from open hearths to enclosed stoves, which brought women into the professional kitchen after centuries when their billowing skirts posed too much of a fire hazard for them to serve as cooks. In "Grind," Wilson notes that the endless labor involved in producing smooth, highly refined food wasn't an issue in a world where middle-class and wealthy Europeans had lots of servants; Wilson praises the Cuisinart as a revolutionary device "for the transformation of cooking from pain to pleasure." Although she enjoys and vividly describes time-honored, painstaking methods of cooking, she also appreciates modern conveniences. Eating utensils, refrigeration and measurement (with a bemused look at Americans' affection for measuring by volume as opposed to the much more accurate method of weighing) are among the other topics Wilson addresses in a narrative whose light tone enlivens formidable scholarship. Rarely has a book with so much information been such an entertaining read.
Consider the Fork: A History of How We Cook and Eat 3.6 out of 5 based on 0 ratings. 7 reviews.
If you want a scholarly, in-depth examination of the history of cooking methods and utensils, there are probably other books out there better than this one. But if all you want is a readable briefing on the subject, this book will do the trick. The author uses a mixture of historical evidence and personal anecdotes to show us how our eating utensils came to be and how they have evolved over time. Some of the information she presents is fascinating, such as the fact that how we cut our food may actually have affected our bodies and led to the modern overbite. However, she tends to skim over the surface of most of the subjects she brings up. (I was hoping she would examine the whole topic of how and when the American or "zig-zag" method of eating developed. She does mention it, but only very briefly and without any details.) I did like how she presents everything from the perspective of the ordinary domestic cook who is just trying to put something edible on the table, even though she is obviously a gourmet chef herself. This book gave me an intriguing glimpse into the evolution of our eating tools, but left me wanting more. Note: the Nook version of this book has a lot of errors such as missing or strange punctuation and even some garbled sentences. Luckily, you can still decipher what is meant from the context.
Enjoy food and food history? Enjoy looking at societal changes and foodways? Read this. If you're not a history buff, and are more interested in the food, skip to the food stuff. You'll still get the best parts of the book.
As a history of cooking and eating, Consider the Fork is a delight throughout. Bee Wilson wittily covers all kinds of arcane stuff about human culinary adventures through history--starting with why we learned to roast our meat way back when. Lots of fascinating details from anthropology, archeology, history, ethnology, and sociology about how and why we cook. And wonderful details about fads in cooking and kitchen equipment. (Are YOU still using your Cuisinart? How about your Romertopf?) She even points out the virtues of such commonplace tools as the whisk and the teaspoon. This book is a winner for anyone who likes to eat, likes to cook, or likes to accumulate kitchen equipment. This Christmas I'm giving a copy to each of my friends in those categories, for their delectation.
This story piqued my interest in the minute aspects of everyday activities in the kitchen. I'll never take my cooking "chores" for granted after reading Bee Wilson's marvelous research into cooking technology.


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Business School International Undergraduate Management Distinction Scholarships, University of Exeter, UK
The Business School is offering a number of Scholarships for academic distinction to students applying for our undergraduate management programmes. Ten awards of £2,000 are available and will be awarded to new student applicants on the basis of academic merit. Preference will be given to applicants who have already satisfied the School's English language requirements. There will be a further 10 awards for applicants who have already been made the offer of a place on the programme. The Programme Directors will look at all of the short-listed Distinction Scholarship applications.
In particular, the successful applicant will need to highlight:
an excellent academic record at all levels attained so far;
an awareness of the content of the programme and an aptitude for the themes that are covered;
areas in which they can contribute to the successful completion of the programme for both themselves and fellow participants;
Baca Juga: Full Scholarship at Macquarie University
Funded by: Business and Management
Application deadline: 30th April 2011
Value: £2000
Duration of award: 1 year
Contact: Jane Knox business-school-ug@exeter.ac.uk
Applicants will be required to have an offer of a place to study on an eligible programme and to fill out an application form. All Scholarship awards are conditional on payment of the tuition fee deposit as specified in the applicant's offer letter.
We will also assess applications from current offer holders and select 10 for an award based on the above criteria.
Notification of the Programme Directors' decisions will be sent to applicants during the week commencing 16 May 2011
Baca Juga: Robert S McNamara Fellowships Program, World Bank
Undergraduate Scholarships, University of Exeter Foundation, UK
Scholarships 2011 in Mining Engineering and Geology at Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, UK
5 International Undergraduate Foundation Scholarships, Queen`s University Belfast
International Achievement Scholarships, Sheffield Hallam University, UK
Edinburgh Global Undergraduate Scholarships, University of Edinburgh, UK


A 4-year-old girl, who was reported missing for six months and feared dead in the wake of Hurricane Katrina, has been reunited with her mother in Houston.
Lisa Stewart, 31, who was separated from her daughter Cortez Stewart during the devastation in New Orleans, had almost given up finding her child until last week when she received a telephone call at her temporary home in Houston, reports The Dallas Morning News.
The child was found by Lee Reed, a retired police officer from Abilene, Texas, who now works for the Virginia-based National Center for Missing & Exploited Children.
Officials this week declared Cortez the last of 5,192 missing children accounted for by the organization after Katrina, the report said. The center said all but 12 of the children were found alive, living with other relatives, family friends or other adults.
'I missed my mom,' Cortez said, but added that she didn`t panic. The child was with her mother`s friend. The mother and the friend couldn`t find each other for months afterward.


Animal shelters all over the country, and all over the world, need people to help out by fostering. They are generally not equipped to handle animals that are not old enough or are too sick to be adopted.
Keeping them in the shelter environment is a recipe for disaster as they are often exposed to diseases their bodies can not fight off and staff members that are overwhelmed with the regular day to day care of adult animals to give neonatal kittens the care they need. Decades ago shelters developed fostering programs where volunteers take these animals into their home and care for them until they are old enough and healthy enough to be adopted. Often socialization is a vital service by these foster homes as well.
I have been fostering kittens for my local shelters since 2002. I was one of the first non-staff member at one shelter to take home orphaned kittens. Most of the time, the kittens are in good health and just need a few weeks of food and love. Many of my first sets of litters were this easy, until I took home a set of orphaned kittens that were too young to be tested for felv/fiv. They were fine at first but then started to become ill and then they started to die. I took them back to the shelter at the first opportunity and it was determined that they were too ill and the entire litter was put down.
I spent weeks caring for these kittens and it broke my heart and nearly broke my spirit to lose them all. I nearly stopped fostering but I knew that if I did the kittens that I would have brought home could have been put down without even a chance. Before the shelter started fostering, they had to euthanize orphaned and neonatal kittens. It was a harsh reality to face, but I realized that the pain of losing those few kittens was completely worth the joy at helping the shelter save the dozen I had already fostered. For every painful loss I suffered, there were multiple wins. When friends started adopting my foster kittens, and I was able to watch them grow up, it took on a whole new level of joy.
Due to social media, I have made additional friends by keeping up with people who I didn't know previously who adopted some of my fosters. As I gained more and more experience, I volunteered to take more difficult cases. Many did not make it but I would take solace in the fact that I tried. I would much rather lose them fighting than to know they had to die because no one was willing to try.
When I tell people I foster, I am often bombarded with people being amazed. They wonder how I could ever give them up, they remark they could never not fall in love and want to keep them all. I get that, I do, I mean after all, I love cats and I am human. But I know that if I kept them all I would never be able to continue to help. There have been over 400 kittens through my home in the 15 years I have been doing this (and yes, I have kept eight of them) and for each sad goodbye, there is generally a new hello as I get to know the next set of fosters. When you take an animal into your home, you know full well that it will most likely pass before you, when you foster instead of having 10 years you sign up for ten weeks. Most shelters tailor your fosters to suit what you are comfortable with. If you only want to give a few weeks to a few healthy kittens that just need to put on weight, you will be taking a burden off the shelter and giving some kittens (or puppies, or bunnies, or guinea pigs) a chance at life.
Editors note: If you are considering fostering kittens, keep in mind things you can do to your home to make it safer for kittens and less head ache for you such as covering electrical cords and using a non tracking cat litter . Create a home safety check list.
Do you foster kittens? What is the hardest part of fostering for you? Are you considering fostering kittens? Please leave comments below. Lets compare notes! I would love to see your pics too!


A great deal of work has been completed since the last update. The Chancel, Vestry and North Aisle were re roofed with lead, and repairs were carried out on the associated stonework. Rain dispersal systems were completely overhauled with the installation of new downpipes and five new soakaways and the new roof has also been protected with a roof alarm and smartwater marking. All this was made possible with a major grant from English Heritage together with supporting grants from the Woofson Trust and the Norfolk Churches Trust. This phase of the project was finally signed off in May of 2015 and was completed on budget.
In April of 2015 the Quinquennial Inspection identified a number of serious problems affecting the church building, notably the deteriorating condition of the nave roof and the hard cement render (applied during the 19th century) which was trapping moisture within the walls. Armed with this report a further grant application was made to the Heritage Lottery Fund in the Autumn of 2015 and we are pleased to report that a Development grant has been awarded to plan the re roofing of the Nave, South Aisle and Porch and the re-rendering of the walls with a lime based mortar. Other improvements being planned are an improved entrance, a heritage display and the removal of some pews to ease the circulation around the building.
Fundraising has continued unabated with regular filmshows, lotteries and other events. To date a total of £22,800 has been raised since the birth of St Andrews Restoration Appeal in May 2011.
A lot of work has been going on this year at St Andrew's. Architects and specialists have been to-ing and fro-ing examining the church, the Easter sepulchre, the wall paintings and the bats in detail to provide a definitive plan for the restoration work. The revised plan for the work is now for replacement of the copper on the North Aisle, Chancel and Vestry roofs with lead, and repair associated parapets; replace downpipes and below ground drainage and remove the external cement render and re-render with lime mortar. We were disappointed that the main roof is not included in this work but understand that the grants will not be sufficient to include all the roof work. That is for the future.
£12,447 has been raised to date of which £113.70 in 20ps which represents 108.4 metres or 118.2 yards. Our Hon Treasurer has emphasised the importance of our fund raising and we hope it will continue to trickle in – a deluge of donations would be good but we are realistic.
The plans for the autumn are to hold a Film Night – film yet to be decided – and if successful, this may become a regular event. In the spring we hope to hold a Pamper evening. Watch this space.