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Home/Business/Ramadan: Hagia Sophia a glimpse of Turkey's modern transformation
Ramadan: Hagia Sophia a glimpse of Turkey's modern transformation
Istanbul, Turkey – With the end of twilight covering this city, the sound of Isha prayer breathes heavily around the complex of Hagia Sophia.
As Muslims and non-Muslims – some tourists, some not – manoeuvre their way towards the antique wonder, many wait to pray and also experience the special tarawih prayers resuming in the museum-turned-mosque after 88 years this Ramadan.
Ibrahim Cetin, 50, is visiting the Grand Mosque of Hagia Sophia for the first time and remains overwhelmed with emotions.
"Despite living in this city for the past 30 years, I'm stepping into this building for the first time because I want to pray tarawih here," he told Al Jazeera.
"I'm extremely happy that it is a mosque again. It is hard to say it in words to describe what this moment means for me," he added as he broke down in tears.
Hagia Sophia throughout time stood as a central emblem of historic battles and shifts: the monument has been coveted and mourned by emperors, sultans, and modern-day politicians.
It has been a cathedral, a mosque, a museum, and now a mosque again after Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan announced the decision in 2020. The first prayer was then held under the building's sky-high dome on July 24 that year.
Erdogan's move received a lot of backlash and was deemed to be "politically motivated" by critics. Nuh Atikoglu, 52, a visitor to Hagia Sophia echoed similar views.
"It doesn't matter to me if it is a mosque or a museum. I'm indifferent since there is the Blue Mosque close by as well. Erdogan took this decision to distract Turkish citizens from the ongoing political crisis at that time," Atikoglu said.
The conversion, however, was also considered to be a longstanding demand of Turkish conservatives. Cetin had "never expected that Hagia Sophia will be a mosque again, but it is a monument belonging to our Ottoman forefathers", he said.
Hagia Sophia throughout time stood as a central emblem of historic battles and shifts [Hajira Maryam/Al Jazeera]
Changing meaning with history
In the first 900 years of its existence, Hagia Sophia was central to Byzantine culture and politics. Considered an architectural marvel, it was built as a basilica for the Greek Orthodox Christian Church in 537 CE during the reign of Emperor Justinian I.
Therefore, although it stands still in its form and structure, its meaning remains fluid, reflecting the political transformations of old and modern Turkey.
A significant historical shift for the building took place in 1453 when Sultan Mehmed II conquered Istanbul. Jubilant on seeing the grand monument, he prevented its destruction and converted it into a mosque.
"Mehmed II is an extremely intellectual leader, his mother is a Christian so he wants to lead the Christians of the city, and rather than destroying Hagia Sophia, he expanded it," said Kaya Genc, author of, The Lion and the Nightingale.
Hagia Sophia became the symbol of imperial and sacred prestige for the Ottoman empire – it stood along in significance with the Kaaba in Mecca and the Dome of Rock in Jerusalem.
Interior conversions also took place during Ottoman rule. Islamic roundels – featuring the names of God, Prophet Muhammad, the first four caliphs, and the prophet's two grandsons – were hung on the columns in the nave.
A mihrab – an altar that indicates the direction of Mecca – was installed in the wall.
The mihrab in Hagia Sophia is right under the Mosaic of the Theotokos, "because the direction of Mecca is in the same way towards the east, there was no requirement of shifting the direction or focus within the Church", said an art historian who asked to remain anonymous because of sensitivities over Hagia Sophia.
To further add an Islamic character to the building, four minarets and the minbar were also added throughout its history under the Ottomans.
"The building itself affected the buildings that were to come later, with the construction of imperial mosques in Constantinople and Istanbul. Their form, their size, the complexes that formed around them all affected the construction of imperial religious buildings throughout the Muslim world."
Hagia Sophia became the symbol of imperial and sacred prestige for the Ottoman empire – it stood along in significance with the Kaaba in Mecca and the Dome of Rock in Jerusalem [Hajira Maryam/Al Jazeera]
The modern era
As the Ottoman Empire declined at the start of the 20th century, Turkey became a secular republic in 1923. The political shift from an empire to becoming a republic also led Hagia Sophia to acquire another meaning as it was turned into a museum in 1934.
Genc said this was strategic political continuity for the significance of the building.
"What Ataturk did in 1935 is a form of continuity in the new modern Turkish society. Just as Islam is the continuation of Christianity, secularism is the continuation of Islam in its modern version. The formation of the republic came due to the modernised Islamists of that era.
"But the more religious sections of the society were disappointed, just how Christians were when Mehmed II converted the monument into a mosque in the 15th century," he added.
For Turkish conservatives today, the conversion back to a mosque marked the fulfilment of a long-held ambition of restoring a symbolic monument of Ottoman glory.
"Ataturk made a prompt decision as well – it was sudden and brief. Erdogan, too, made a sudden and brief announcement over Twitter to change it back into a mosque," Kaya said.
Last week, Erdogan also inaugurated the Hagia Sophia Fatih Madrassa in Istanbul. The Madrassah was built by Mehmed II, serving as the first madrassah of the city next to Hagia Sophia, and was demolished during the republican era.
Speaking at the inauguration ceremony, Erdoğan said his government was pleased "to give back the city another important structure whose traces were deliberately erased".
After Hagia Sophia's re-conversion to a mosque, the mosaics inside are again covered with white sheets, the Islamic roundels remain hanging, golden chandeliers light up the colossal space, and a turquoise carpet covers the floor as people pray tarawih.
Hamza Cheroui, 32, a tourist visiting from Belgium, said he was ecstatic about its conversion. As a Muslim living in the West, Hamza said, Erdogan's decision was mostly criticised by people holding "anti-Islamic sentiments" in Europe.
As a frequent visitor to Hagia Sophia over the years, the space "feels more spacious and clear than it did as a museum", he told Al Jazeera.
For many Turks, the conversion back to a mosque marked the fulfilment of a long-held ambition of restoring a symbolic monument of Ottoman glory [Hajira Maryam/Al Jazeera]
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Join us for a full-blown Hollywood event as we kick off the 2019 SCREAMFEST HORROR FILM FESTIVAL with the OPENING NIGHT PARTY. The Party, following the screening of EAT, BRAINS, LOVE will have it all, enjoy bites, beverages & bowling at Lucky Strikes. The Opening Night Party ticket is for the PARTY ONLY.
The Combo ticket includes admission to the Opening Night film EAT, BRAINS, LOVE and the OPENING NIGHT PARTY for $65.00. Must be 21+ to attend. Bring your mobile phone online receipt to the WILL CALL table located on the 3rd level to pick up tickets and a party band. Tickets are not refundable
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She Never Died
Q&A with director Audrey Cummings, David Miller, Olunike Adeliyi and Mike Mason
Screens with The Party
US Premiere
1 hour 29 min
Lacey, a socially detached loner is cursed with immortality and her never-ending tedium of existence. In her attempts to keep her compulsions in check, she seeks out the darkest souls humanity has to offer. Lacey must now face her own inner demons while simultaneously finding her next meal.
Audrey Cummings
Jennifer Mesich
Executive Producer(s):
Bill Marks, David Miller, Audrey Cummings, Dan Peel, Zach Hagen, Jason Krawczyk
Jason Krawczyk
Main Cast:
Oluniké Adeliyi, Peter MacNeill, Kiana Madeira, Michelle Nolden, Noah Danby
About the Director(s):
Quebec born Audrey Cummings has directed, written and produced several award winning films including the the highly successful horror film Berkshire County which won her ten top prize festival awards including Best Feature Film and Best Director awards, and her sci-fi/fantasy thriller Darken which won her four awards internationally. Audrey just recently completed her third feature film She Never Died, an immortal action thriller that is just beginning its festival run. She also made 9 short f...read more
Quebec born Audrey Cummings has directed, written and produced several award winning films including the the highly successful horror film Berkshire County which won her ten top prize festival awards including Best Feature Film and Best Director awards, and her sci-fi/fantasy thriller Darken which won her four awards internationally. Audrey just recently completed her third feature film She Never Died, an immortal action thriller that is just beginning its festival run. She also made 9 short films and directed an 11 episode digital series. Audrey went to Queens University and is also a graduate of the Canadian Film Centre's very prestigious Director's Lab Program. Read less
Screens with She Never Died
Los Angeles Premiere
When a charming stranger invites her to a party, a shy woman's fear of socializing turns into real terror.
Julianna Robinson
Sean Kohnen and Julianna Robinson
Abby Eiland, Andreas Riter, Sara Patterson, Ewan Chung, Sara Mayer-Fried, Robert McAtee
Although she started out her college career as a pre-med student, Julianna auditioned for the prestigious BFA acting program at UCSB during her first year of school and as luck would have it, she got in. During a performance of a play in Santa Barbara, Julianna was "discovered" by director Martin Denning. He asked her to come and audition at Paramount Studios for their first ever CD Rom game of Star Trek. She booked the role and was able to get her SAG card, work side by side with the origin...read more
Although she started out her college career as a pre-med student, Julianna auditioned for the prestigious BFA acting program at UCSB during her first year of school and as luck would have it, she got in. During a performance of a play in Santa Barbara, Julianna was "discovered" by director Martin Denning. He asked her to come and audition at Paramount Studios for their first ever CD Rom game of Star Trek. She booked the role and was able to get her SAG card, work side by side with the original Star Trek cast and she made enough money to send herself to school abroad in London for a summer to study Shakespeare with the Royal Shakespeare Company. Since living in LA she has performed in countless plays, short films, TV shows and she's also been the lead in a few award winning independent feature films (Aaah Zombies!, Nun, The Funeral Guest and Gunrunner Billy Kane). For her role of Emily in The Funeral Guest (available on Amazon) she won a best actress award from LA Indie Film Fest and she was nominated for a best actress award at Hoboken International Film Fest for her role of Sister Gracie Rose in Nun. Julianna has written and produced a couple of comedic short films but The Party is Julianna's directorial debut. She owns Physical Artistry (a busy pilates studio in Santa Monica), she's a core member with Santa Monica Repertory Theatre company and she rescues cats...much to the dismay of her husband.
City of Ashes
Q&A with director Jhon Salazar
Screens with The Springfield Three
A Colombian farmer, faced with the sterility of his wife, wants to adopt his orphan niece, but in order to achieve this he must destroy the demon of the town who is opposed and who, without knowing, had always intervened negativity in his life.
JHON SALAZAR
PRODUCCIONES VERDEBICHE SAS.
MARIELA RIVERA, EFREN GONZALEZ, RAYMOND LEON SCOTT, MARIA CAMILA RUIZ, MARI RUIZ
CATERINE ESCOBAR, ALEX ADAMES, LUIS FERNANDO HOYOS, PATRICIA TAMAYO, JORGE HERRERA, PATRICIA CASTAÑO, ISABELLA GARCÍA
Jhon Salazar was born in a small Colombian town located between rivers and the mountains. When he was a small child, his grandparents told him stories of witches, demons and the undead who watched them from the darkness. Later, he studied literature and film directing. Today, as an adult, he wants to share with the world all those fantastic stories that were a part of his childhood and his culture.
Q & A with Caitlin Stasey, Chris Sivertson & Michael Moran moderated by Luke Thompson
Chloe, a single mother in a relationship with Alex, has her life turned upside down when her younger sister, Sadie, comes home after a long, unexplained absence. Though Sadie seems to want to settle in with her sister and 17-year-old niece (becoming quite a handful herself), she's actually a deeply disturbed young woman who has a sinister agenda regarding anyone who gets between her and her big sister.
Ash Christian, Michael Moran
Chris Sivertson
Caitlin Stasey, Sasha Frolova, Macon Blair and Thora Birch
Lucky McKee is an award-winning screenwriter, director, and novelist best known for work in the horror genre, such as the 2002
cult hit May, the 2006 schoolgirl chiller The Woods and the notorious 2011 Sundance shocker The Woman.
In 2006 McKee joined Showtime's groundbreaking anthology series MASTERS OF HORROR directing the one hour original film "Sick Girl".
McKee also contributed a segment to the 2015 anthology film TALES OF HALLOWEEN. McKee has recently shifted his creati...read more
McKee also contributed a segment to the 2015 anthology film TALES OF HALLOWEEN. McKee has recently shifted his creative
sights to noir-thrillers with BLOOD MONEY starring John Cusack and the upcoming KINDRED SPIRITS starring Caitlin Stasey, Thora Birch and Macon Blair.
He has also co-authored 3 award-winning novels with Jack Ketchum: THE WOMAN, I'M NOT SAM, and THE SECRET LIFE OF SOULS.
Q&A with director Keola Racela, writers Matt Black & Laurence Vannicelli moderated by Luke Thompson.
When five teen employees at the local movie theater in a small Christian town discover a mysterious old film hidden in its basement, they unleash an alluring succubus who gives them a sex education...written in blood.
Keola Racela
Chris Cole, Sarah Oh
Matt Black, Laurence Vannicelli
Evan Daves, Larry Saperstein, Jillian Mueller, Glenn Stott, Robbie Tann, Peter Reznikoff, Katelyn Pearce
Keola Racela is a filmmaker from Southern California. He received the 2014 Student Academy Award for narrative film, and was selected from over 1,000 applicants for the inaugural year of the HBO ACCESS directing program, where he wrote and directed an original short. His films have played at festivals worldwide and received numerous awards.
Saturday, October 12, 2019 - 11:30am
Sophie Pongrace 'swipes-right' looking for a real connection but encounters something else entirely. 'In Your Area' is a visual and atmospheric film set over the course of one date that explores dating-app culture, gender-dynamics, and ultimately the possibility (or lack there of) privacy in the digital age.
Daniel Slottje
Elliot Zarrabi, Jaclyn Noel, Michael Goitanich, Jessica Park
Jessica Park, Hunter Canning, Daniel Slottje
Daniel Slottje is an award-winning writer and director from Upstate New York, currently enrolled in the graduate film program at Columbia University in the City of New York.
Slottje's screenplay, 'See Ya' was produced in Iceland and had its world premiere at Aspen Shortsfest in 2017 before later playing in film festivals around the world.
Slottje was the recipient of the Best New Director prize at the 6th Annual Columbia Gorge International Film Festival.
Slottje is a veg...read more
Slottje is a vegan and horror aficionado.
The Dionaea House
While preparing a funeral service for her recently deceased younger brother, a grieving young woman discovers that the house he lived in up until his death harbors a disturbing secret that threatens to entrap anyone who becomes aware of its existence. Based on the terrifying online phenomenon from writer Eric Heisserer (Arrival, Bird Box, Lights Out).
Tom Kircher
Harrison Lanuza, Wyatt Giampa
Tom Kircher & Michael Fairbanks, Based on the story by Eric Heisserer
Trin Miller, Keight Leighn, Richard Abraham
Tom Kircher discovered his love of horror and film at a young age after being terrified by the Wes Craven classic, A Nightmare on Elm Street. In the years since then, he has pursued these passions by taking extra-curricular film classes and making numerous short films in his home state of New Jersey during grade school and high school. His short horror films made during those years received festival attention, even winning best student short awards at The Garden State Film Festival and Eerie ...read more
Tom Kircher discovered his love of horror and film at a young age after being terrified by the Wes Craven classic, A Nightmare on Elm Street. In the years since then, he has pursued these passions by taking extra-curricular film classes and making numerous short films in his home state of New Jersey during grade school and high school. His short horror films made during those years received festival attention, even winning best student short awards at The Garden State Film Festival and Eerie Horror Film Festival in 2013.
His love of film and genre storytelling led him to study film at Chapman University, where he graduated in 2018. It was during this time that he was able to make "The Dionaea House," a short film adaptation of a terrifying viral story, as his senior thesis.
Sinia tries to help the kids next door, but when their mother becomes a true danger, she does nothing. Stricken by guilt, she decides to check on the kids, and what she discovers pushes her over the edge into a chilling reality.
Kennikki Jones-Jones
Yingli Cheng
Shellita Boxie Avis-Marie Barnes Malachi Payne-Selmore
Kennikki Jones-Jones began as actress on the stages of Detroit. She recently graduated from Florida State University's College of Motion Picture Arts. During her time in school she co-founded Crabby Bull Productions. She has directed for both comedy, urban horror and drama for the stage and screen. Through her work she is determined to investigate the psychic energy, karma, and generational curses that break people into pain action. Though this lens she hopes to heal through horror.
A Night at the Table
Sunday, October 13, 2019 - 12:00pm
A mother prepares food for a seemingly normal family night dinner, but as the conversation between her and her kids grow more peculiar, tension mounts between the three, unveiling a lurking threat at the table.
Tamara S. Hall
A Flower in Fire Productions
Tamara S. Hall, Joshua Jordan
Dierdra McDowell, Tamara S. Hall, David Alan Madrick, Keith Dorman
Tamara is a NY-based actress, writer, and first-time filmmaker from Philadelphia, PA whose artistry spans theater, poetry, short fiction, and TV/film. A 2017 graduate of The William Esper Studio, which was listed as one of "The 25 Best Drama Schools in 2015" in the Hollywood Reporter, Tamara completed her studies in acting, movement, and voice & speech. Before becoming a filmmaker, Tamara has also worked in the TV business at renowned networks such as NBCUniversal, BET, and HBO.
Ta...read more
Tamara considers herself an "activist through art," noting her affinity for creating unique and nuanced stories for the purposes of bringing awareness to important social and cultural issues not normally explored. She seeks to be a vessel for stories that uplift and entertain.
Sara is an overweight teen that lives in the shadow of a clique of cool girls holidaying in her village. Not even her childhood friend, Claudia, defends her when she's bullied at the local pool in front of a unknown man. Her clothes are stolen and Sara must get home wearing nothing but her bikini. The long walk home will mark the rest of her life.
Carlota Pereda
Luis Angel Ramírez, Mario Madueño
IMVAL Madrid, Pantalla Partida S.L.
Laura Galán, Paco Hidalgo, Elisabet Casanovas, Sara Barroso, Mireia Vilapuig, Jorge Elorza
Carlota Pereda has spent her career working in TV fiction. She has been a screenwriter and script supervisor for series such as Periodistas and Motivos Personales, has directed series,"El secreto de Puente Viejo", LEX and Lalola and has worked as [realizadora] on series such as Los Hombres de Paco, Red Eagle, Luna, the Mystery of Calenda and B&b, de boca en boca. Her fist short, The Blondes, was selected in over 137 festivals worldwide and/or awarded in prestigious festivals such as Medin...read more
Carlota Pereda has spent her career working in TV fiction. She has been a screenwriter and script supervisor for series such as Periodistas and Motivos Personales, has directed series,"El secreto de Puente Viejo", LEX and Lalola and has worked as [realizadora] on series such as Los Hombres de Paco, Red Eagle, Luna, the Mystery of Calenda and B&b, de boca en boca. Her fist short, The Blondes, was selected in over 137 festivals worldwide and/or awarded in prestigious festivals such as Medina del Campo, La semana del Corto, Certamen Internacional de Cortometrajes Ciudad de Soria or CortoEspaña. "Piggy" is her second short film as a director and already has several selections in screenwriting festivals such as Oaxaca Film Festival (nominated for "Perfect Page" and "best international Screenplay"), Austin Film Festival, Busca Film Festival, Shriekfest, GenreBlast,Austin Revolution Film festival and WeScreenplay, amongst others.
STALAG III-C
In the final days of World War II, US paratrooper Joe Boyd leads a daring escape from a Nazi POW camp, only to face a more horrifying evil beyond the prison walls. Inspired by true events. STALAG III-C was filmed entirely on location in Minsk, Belarus.
Jason Rogan
Jason Rogan, Yury Gromik, Constantine Samarin
Doug Marschke, Sean Drummond
Sam Falconi, Vadim Gitlin, Henri Falconi
Jason grew up in NYC in the 1980s. There he landed is first job "in the business" as an usher at the Waverly Theater in Greenwich Village where he was able to watch movies day and night for free - Blue Velvet, Raising Arizona, The Hunger - it was a film lovers candy store. In 2000 Jason attended the Cannes Film Festival for the first time and his mind was blown. There he teamed up with future partners Doug Marschke, Michael Write and Michael Rix to form Funny How Films and produce Mad Cow: The ...read more
Jason grew up in NYC in the 1980s. There he landed is first job "in the business" as an usher at the Waverly Theater in Greenwich Village where he was able to watch movies day and night for free - Blue Velvet, Raising Arizona, The Hunger - it was a film lovers candy store. In 2000 Jason attended the Cannes Film Festival for the first time and his mind was blown. There he teamed up with future partners Doug Marschke, Michael Write and Michael Rix to form Funny How Films and produce Mad Cow: The Movie, a film about a Frankenstein monster with a cow head who kills people with a chainsaw. With Funny How Films, Jason next produced Amsterdam Heavy, an action film featuring Michael Madsen and shot in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. STALAG III-C was filmed over 6 cold nights in the forrest in Minsk, Belarus, with an amazing crew including DOP Vladan Pavic, and in partnership with Red Studia. Post production was done in Cape Town, South Africa with the loving support of these talented artists - Sound Surgeon Studios, Pressure Cooker Studios, Priest Post Production, and Kin Media. STALAG III-C is Jason's directorial debut. Read less
EAT BRAINS LOVE
Q&A with Rodman Flender, Jake Cannavale, Angelique Rivera, Sarah Yarkin, Patrick Fabian & Jim Titus
Tuesday, October 8, 2019 - 7:30pm
An ordinary lunch hour explodes in an orgy of spurting blood and flying organs when stoner Jake Stephens and cheerleader Amanda Blake suddenly gut-munch half their class in the school cafeteria. Afflicted with a zombie virus, they hit road in search of a cure while outrunning Cass, a telepath charged with hunting and killing the infected. Can Jake and Amanda find love while eating their way through the national sex offender registry? The director of IDLE HANDS delivers an outrageous, gore-soaked zom-rom-com.
Rodman Flender
Van Toffler, Cody Zwieg, James Frey, Todd Cohen, Tony DiSanto, Tommy Coriale
Michael Herro & David Strauss, based on the novel by Jeff Hart
Jake Cannavale, Angelique Rivera, Sarah Yarkin, Patrick Fabian
Native New Yorker Rodman Flender has acted on Broadway, studied documentary filmmaking at Harvard University, and began his directing career for independent movie icon Roger Corman. His wide range of credits reflect his diverse interests, from straight-up horror like "The Unborn," for Roger Corman, and episodes of "Scream - The TV Series," to TV comedies such as "The Office" and "Ugly Betty," comedy-horror in HBO's "Tales From the Crypt" and the cult-favorite Columbia Pictures release "Idle H...read more
Native New Yorker Rodman Flender has acted on Broadway, studied documentary filmmaking at Harvard University, and began his directing career for independent movie icon Roger Corman. His wide range of credits reflect his diverse interests, from straight-up horror like "The Unborn," for Roger Corman, and episodes of "Scream - The TV Series," to TV comedies such as "The Office" and "Ugly Betty," comedy-horror in HBO's "Tales From the Crypt" and the cult-favorite Columbia Pictures release "Idle Hands," as well as documentary features including "Conan O'Brien Can't Stop," one of Roger Ebert's Ten Best Documentaries of 2011.
Q&A with Omar Epps, Jamie Kennedy, Ellen Adair, Tom Atkins and director Patrick Lussier moderated by Brian Collins of Birth.Movies.Death
Wednesday, October 9, 2019 - 7:00pm
On Halloween night in 2015, Patrick "Trick" Weaver massacred his classmates at a costume party. After being arrested, he managed to escape police custody, but not before being shot five times by Detective Mike Denver (Epps). Everyone believes Trick must be dead, but when a masked killer reappears the following Halloween, and every Halloween after that, they realize the nightmare is not over. With Trick wreaking havoc and killing innocent people in increasingly terrifying ways, Denver will stop at nothing to finish what he started and bring the carnage to an end.
Patrick Lussier
Ita Kennedy, Ellen S. Wander
Todd Farmer, Patrick Lussier
Omar Epps, Kristina Reyes, Jamie Kennedy, Tom Atkins
"WICKED FUN! THE WRETCHED is a twisted blend of FAIRYTALE and HORROR!" - SAM RAIMI
Q&A with the Pierce Brothers & cast
A rebellious teenage boy, Ben, visiting his father for the summer makes a haunting discovery -- A malevolent fiend from the deep woods stalks the young family living next door. Taking ahold of the mother, the creature begins playing a terrifying game of house while preying upon the local children. Alone in his suspicions, Ben launches into a perilous crusade to stop the wretched evil before it consumes everything he holds dear. "WICKED FUN! THE WRETCHED is a twisted blend of FAIRYTALE and HORROR!" - SAM RAIMI
The Pierce Brothers
Chang Tseng, Ed Polgardy, Travis Cultreri
Leman Porter, Lenore Porter, Willis King
Brett Pierce, Drew Pierce
John-Paul Howard, Piper Curda, Jamison Jones, Azie Tesfai, Zarah Mahler, Kevin Bigley, Blane Crockarell, Gabriela Quezada Bloomgarden, Richard Ellis, Amy Waller
The Pierce Brothers broke into the world of horror with their rom-zom-com cult hit DEADHEADS in 2011 and followed it up with the hilarious companion short film SMUSH! A DEADHEADS SHORT. The Pierce Brothers filmmaker roots we're born out of growing up amid the production of the original EVIL DEAD of which their father served as the photographic FX artist. THE WRETCHED is their new foray into horror folklore and recently premiered at the FANTASIA FILM FESTIVAL in Montreal followed by FRIGHTFEST in...read more
The Pierce Brothers broke into the world of horror with their rom-zom-com cult hit DEADHEADS in 2011 and followed it up with the hilarious companion short film SMUSH! A DEADHEADS SHORT. The Pierce Brothers filmmaker roots we're born out of growing up amid the production of the original EVIL DEAD of which their father served as the photographic FX artist. THE WRETCHED is their new foray into horror folklore and recently premiered at the FANTASIA FILM FESTIVAL in Montreal followed by FRIGHTFEST in London. Read less
A Good Woman Is Hard to Find
Q&A with director Abner Pastoll
Screens with Glass Cabin
United Kingdom, Belgium, Ireland
A dynamic killer thriller, with its finger firmly on the pulse of stark social commentary and shattering suspense. Recently widowed mother of two Sarah is desperate to know who murdered her husband in front of her young son, rendering him mute. Coerced into helping a low-life drug dealer stash narcotics stolen from the local Mr Big, she's forced into taking drastic action to protect her downtrodden submissive to take charge vigilante.
Abner Pastoll
Junyoung Jang, Guillaume Benski
Ronan Blaney
Sarah Bolger, Andrew Simpson, Edward Hogg
Abner's debut feature ROAD GAMES, a France-UK co-production, has been distributed worldwide including theatrically in the US by IFC Films, in the UK & Ireland by ICON, in France by Sony and in Korea by CJ Entertainment. His short film ME OR THE DOG premiered in Coup de Coeur at the Cannes Film Festival in 2011 and had a limited theatrical release in London the following year. A GOOD WOMAN IS HARD TO FIND is his second feature.
Glass Cabin
Screens with A Good Woman Is Hard To Find
At a tennis retreat in upstate New York, Scarlett meets with David, a helper of the house that she rented. Scarlett is alone, and her phone doesn't have any reception. When she gets reception, her calls are unanswered. When David says, he needs to stay at the glass cabin Scarlett realizes she doesn't have anyone else besides herself to deal with this unexpected situation.
Can Turedi
Luca Marovici
Maya Korn
Revell Carpenter, Davíð Már Stefánsson
Can Türedi was born in Fethiye, Turkey. Growing on the Mediterranean Coast of Turkey, he had a contemplative childhood. He studied Business Administration at Koc University in Turkey. In his college years, he started leaning towards cinematography, editing, video production, and photography. He directed music videos, short documentaries, and web commercials. His documentaries range from Istanbul's ghettos to Venice Beach's skateparks. Right now he is finishing Columbia University's MFA directing...read more
Can Türedi was born in Fethiye, Turkey. Growing on the Mediterranean Coast of Turkey, he had a contemplative childhood. He studied Business Administration at Koc University in Turkey. In his college years, he started leaning towards cinematography, editing, video production, and photography. He directed music videos, short documentaries, and web commercials. His documentaries range from Istanbul's ghettos to Venice Beach's skateparks. Right now he is finishing Columbia University's MFA directing/screenwriting program as a Screenwriter. Can completed two short films there, What Fresh Hell (2016) & Glass Cabin (2018). In his stories, Can focuses on psychoanalytical issues arising from the clash with the authority, characters who are going through an identity crisis and people who are in a deep search of freedom of the soul. Can's characters are seekers who are lost in the dark waters of their psyche. Read less
Q&A with director Daniel Borgman
The dangerous paranoia lurking beneath the seemingly idyllic existence of a family of hermits living on a remote island begins to come to the fore when their daughter starts to question her parents' worldview.
Daniel Borgman
Katja Adomeit
Peter Plaugborg, Sofie Gråbøl, Vivelill Søgaard Holm
Daniel Borgman is a director and writer, known for The Weight of Elephants (2013), At elske Pia (2017) and Berik (2010).
Here Comes Hell
A 1930s dinner party descends into chaos and carnage when the evening entertainment accidentally leads to the opening of Hell. Rivalries and old friendships are put to the test as the guests must battle ghosts, ghouls - and one another - before it is too late.
Jack McHenry
Olivia Loveridge
Jack McHenry, Alice Sidgwick
Tom Bailey, Margaret Clunie, Jasper Britton, Timothy Renouf
Jack McHenry studied Fine Art at Central Saint Martins and directed short films including LAST GIRL, DUNGEON OF VAMPIRE NAZIS and GET ME TO ISTANBUL. He directed his debut feature film HERE COMES HELL in 2018 and is currently developing his next feature with his company Trashouse Films.
The Deeper You Dig
Q&A with John Adams & Zelda Adams will follow the screening.
Screens with The Fortune Teller
Ivy and Echo are not your typical mother-daughter team. Ivy, once a talented psychic, makes an easy buck as a bogus tarot card reader; 14 year- old Echo likes old jazz, hunting, and black lipstick. When reclusive Kurt moves down the road to restore an abandoned farmhouse, an accident leads to Echo's murder, and suddenly three lives collide in mysterious and wicked ways. Kurt assumes he can hide his secret under the ground. But Echo burrows into his head until he can feel her in his bones. As she haunts his every move, trying to reach her mother from beyond, Ivy must dig deep to see the signs and prove that love won't stay buried.
John Adams & Toby Poser
Toby Poser
Toby Poser & John Adams
John Adams, Toby Poser, Zelda Adams
John Adams, Toby Poser, and their daughters, Lulu and Zelda, are a film making family under the creative marquee of Wonder Wheel Productions. They have 5 features under their belts: Rumblestrips (2012), Knuckle Jack (2013), The Shoot (2014), Halfway to Zen (2016)— all earning a hearty reception on the indie festival circuit, including Best in Show and Audience awards— and their latest The Deeper You Dig (2019). For each they've employed the same DIY ethic: between the four of them (well, now thr...read more
John Adams, Toby Poser, and their daughters, Lulu and Zelda, are a film making family under the creative marquee of Wonder Wheel Productions. They have 5 features under their belts: Rumblestrips (2012), Knuckle Jack (2013), The Shoot (2014), Halfway to Zen (2016)— all earning a hearty reception on the indie festival circuit, including Best in Show and Audience awards— and their latest The Deeper You Dig (2019). For each they've employed the same DIY ethic: between the four of them (well, now three, as Lulu is off to college), they write, direct, produce; they shoot, edit, act, and compose. The family lives in the Catskill Mountains of New York. www.wonderwheelproductions.com Read less
Screens with The Digger you Deep
Things get freaky when a little girl finds an origami fortune teller.
David Ferino
Bryce McGuire
Isaiah Smallman
McKaley Miller Leilene Stewart Melinda Dekay
David began his career as an intern for Martin Scorsese while studying film at NYU. Immediately after graduating he moved to Los Angeles to co-direct and edit CURE FOR PAIN, a feature-length rock doc chronicling the life and music of Morphine's Mark Sandman. The project was repped by The Gersh Agency and distributed by Cinetic. From the film's success, he found himself in the world of content creation. Clients include Google, Vice, Red Bull, Proctor & Gamble, and NBC-Universal. Since 2012 he's p...read more
David began his career as an intern for Martin Scorsese while studying film at NYU. Immediately after graduating he moved to Los Angeles to co-direct and edit CURE FOR PAIN, a feature-length rock doc chronicling the life and music of Morphine's Mark Sandman. The project was repped by The Gersh Agency and distributed by Cinetic. From the film's success, he found himself in the world of content creation. Clients include Google, Vice, Red Bull, Proctor & Gamble, and NBC-Universal. Since 2012 he's played a major creative role in over a hundred projects in varied media. He's worked in 9 different countries. He also finds writing a bio to be really grating stuff. Read less
Wednesday, October 16, 2019 - 5:15pm
The heroine of this film is Katya, a 22-year-old disaffected gloomy girl. But she is endowed with a mystical gift: she can see ghosts. Yes, Katya is a conduit between the world of the dead and the world of the quick, and she helps earthbound souls to regain peace. It's difficult relationships, between Katya and her 'guests', for ghosts, too, like real people, have human emotions, habits and sentiments, and they long very much to find peace eternal.
Anna Kurbatova, Mikhail Kurbatov and Grigoriy Podzemelnyy
Anna Kurbatova, Alexander Topuria
Aleksandra Bortich, Evgeniy Tsyganov, Vladimir Yaglych, Aleksandr Robak
Born in Leningrad in 1981. Studied in Netherlands Film Academy NFTA in Amsterdam and in Rome International Film School. In 2001 he graduated from The All-Russian State Institute of Cinematography of S. A. Gerasimov (VGIK).
Screens with Immortal
Two blood splattered little old ladies skulking through the bush on a murderous rampage, a real life super model and tapioca pudding collide.
Peter Spann
Triona Maddock
Ellie Gonsalves, Ross Scutts
Holly Hargraves
Ellie Gonsalves, Jill McKay, Corinne Sennitt
Peter Spann studied at Sydney Film School (SFS) and was nominated as Best Director for his first film. Peter was selected to study at the prestigious Australian Film, Television and Radio School (AFTRS). His personal motto is "making dreams come true". He says, "Film is a place where I can find my expression, tell my stories, collaborate with others who want to create, share, entertain and engage."
Q&A with Tony Todd, directors Rob Margolies & Danny Isaacs
Screens with Zebra
A chilling horror/thriller anthology film, IMMORTAL boasts career-best performances from Tony Todd, Dylan Baker, Robin Bartlett, Samm Levine, and Agnes Bruckner. Thrown into the face of death only to emerge unharmed, the characters of Immortal are left staring at their lives in the face with uncertainty and fear like they've never imagined.
Jon Dabach, Danny Isaacs, Tom Colley & Rob Margolies
Jon Dabach & Rob Margolies
Jon Dabach
Tony Todd, Dylan Baker, Samm Levine, Robin Bartlett, Agnes Bruckner, Vanessa Lengies, Brett Edwards, and Lindsay Mushett
Danny Isaacs:
Danny graduated from UC Berkeley with a degree in film theory & rhetoric, and although he understood how to tell a story, he had no clue how to make a movie. So he did what any good jewish boy would do: he became an attorney. Since law school, he reignited his flame for filmmaking and learnt his craft by shadowing industry friends on film sets. He has written & directed several award winning shorts, web series and sketch comedies. Immortal is his first venture into...read more
Danny graduated from UC Berkeley with a degree in film theory & rhetoric, and although he understood how to tell a story, he had no clue how to make a movie. So he did what any good jewish boy would do: he became an attorney. Since law school, he reignited his flame for filmmaking and learnt his craft by shadowing industry friends on film sets. He has written & directed several award winning shorts, web series and sketch comedies. Immortal is his first venture into drama.
Jon Dabach:
After attending UCLA film school, Jon was fortunate enough to find a niche in the market creating animation and pilots for Mtv, G4tv and VH1. After a successful run of it for a couple years Jon settled down made the crazy decision to have four kids. 8 years and one vasectomy later Jon has turned back to filmmaking as an excuse to get out of the house and has found himself at home both writing and directing with actual actors instead of cartoon characters this time around.
Rob Margolies:
Rob Margolies has been an icon to ULB indie films since 2007 after graduating from Chapman University where he was mentored by William Friedkin. Rob has written, directed and produced feature films including She Wants Me, Lifelines, Roommate Wanted, Never Heard, I'd Like to Be Alone Now, Weight, Yes, and Immortal. Look out for many other films in pre-production.
Tom Colley is a filmmaker and cinematographer who grew up in Dallas Texas. He received a BFA from MICA in Baltimore Maryland where he produced the groundbreaking documentary "12 O'Clock Boys". Tom cut his teeth in production on documentaries, television and commercial work in Baltimore and DC before moving to Los Angeles where he has made a career for himself as a union camera operator. When not operating camera or directing photography for network television shows he is developing and directing indie scripted projects.
2019 Closing Night Awards & Party
Join us for CLOSING NIGHT AWARDS & PARTY as we celebrate the filmmakers of the 2019 SCREAMFEST HORROR FILM FESTIVAL. The reception will commence at 9:30PM, enjoy bites & beverages at a location to be announced within Hollywood Highland. This ticket includes admission to the CLOSING NIGHT AWARDS & PARTY only. Must be 21+ to drink alcohol. Bring your smartphone Elevent receipt to the WILL CALL table located in the lobby of the TCL Chinese 6 Theaters on the 3rd level to pick you your party band.
Filmmakers and full pass holders are admitted to the event. If you do not have a FILMMAKER BADGE or FULL PASS BADGE, you need to purchase a ticket.
Tickets are non-refundable
A business man under pressure working at home, finds himself facing a series of strange occurences while waiting for his wife to come home.
Jackson Little
AliReza Yahyaei
Deven Nicotero
Jason Richter, Bridget Hagerman
Jackson Little is a 17 year old from Calabasas. Jackson is currently a senior at Viewpoint high school and has won 20 film awards in the past 2 years. Jackson is very excited as he continues his journey in film making.
Hanna's Homecoming
No Premiere
After three years at boarding school, Hanna (14) returns to her childhood village during the holidays. The villagers believe her mother was a witch, who lured three men into the marsh, where they died.
Esther Bialas
Mathieu Miville, Nathan Nill, Andrea Schütte
Lena Krumkamp
Maximilian Beck, Simone Geißler, Sascha Alexander Gersak
Esther Bialas is born in Wiesbaden in 1982 and raised in Mainz. After living in Frankfurt for a short period of time, she moves to Siberia to work on the ZDF-Project "Sternenflüstern" as an editor assistant. With firm intention to become a Director she moves to Berlin in 2004, where she works as an intern in both theater and film industry. Soon she begins working on independent short film projects of her own, until she begins studying audiovisual media with focus on directing at the Beuth Unive...read more
Esther Bialas is born in Wiesbaden in 1982 and raised in Mainz. After living in Frankfurt for a short period of time, she moves to Siberia to work on the ZDF-Project "Sternenflüstern" as an editor assistant. With firm intention to become a Director she moves to Berlin in 2004, where she works as an intern in both theater and film industry. Soon she begins working on independent short film projects of her own, until she begins studying audiovisual media with focus on directing at the Beuth University of Applied Sciences in Berlin. 2007 she takes part in founding the "Das Kind mit der goldenen Jacke" film collective. Two years later her short film "beyond fortune" premieres at Cannes Film Festival. 2010 she begins studying directing at Hamburg Media School, graduating two years later with her short "Stürzende Tauben", which finds success in domestic and international Festivals, winning numerous awards. Esther Bialas begins collaborating with Nathan Nill on the Series "Komm Schon!" (nominated for the Grimme Award, produced by ZDF). Her newest project, "Wo kein Schatten fällt" will be her debut in cinemas. Esther Bialas lives and works as an independent director in Hamburg. Read less
We Summon the Darkness
Q&A with Keean Johnson, Logan Miller, Maddie Hasson, Amy Forsyth and Austin Swift
In 1988, three best friends Alexis (Alex Daddario), Val and Beverly embark on a road trip to a heavy metal music festival where they bond with three guys in a band. After the show, the group heads off to Alexis' parents' secluded country home for an afterparty. What should be a night of fun and youthful debauchery instead takes a dark and deadly turn. With killers on the loose, can anyone be trusted?
Marc Meyers
Kyle Tekiela, Mark Lane, Christian Armogida, Jarod Einsohn
Alan Trezza
Alexandra Daddario, Keean Johnson, Johnny Knoxville, Logan Miller, Maddie Hasson, Amy Forsyth, Austin Swift
8840 Wilshire Blvd. 3rd floor
SCREAMFEST
About Screamfest
Screenplay Submissions
Screamfest Success
Copyright 2018, Screamfest® Horror Film Festival. All rights reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Abstract: Climate change, along with other factors, such as deforestation and land-use changes, threaten to degrade the health of mixed farming systems in Nepal. For the majority of the nation's population, agriculture is a source of livelihood, and any degradation in the agro-ecosystem has tenfold effects. To learn more about climate change impacts and to develop adaptation techniques, an Innovation Lab for Livestock project team selected a watershed in the Nuwakot district as a study site, with a research strategy that aimed to not only improve livestock health and productivity but also, ultimately, to improve livelihood and standard of living for Nepalese farmers. After collecting important scientific data on water availability, soil quality, disease and more, the project team organized several workshops and trainings for the local livestock communities in the watershed. Trainings focused on improving and expanding livestock productivity, formulating nutritional feed, treating animals for disease and keeping data records. By the end of the study, more than 350 households had received the skill set and knowledge to sustainably adapt to a changing climate.


text:
Monnikhuizen (voormalig klooster) - voormalig klooster in Arnhem
 Monnikenhuize - voormalig stadion in Arnhem
 Nieuw-Monnikenhuize - voormalig stadion in Arnhem

Zie ook
 Park Klarenbeek

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


"When I first listened to the sound of mbira music, I wanted to hear more and more of it. I could not stop it but then nobody could not play for me as much as I wanted. I was ill for two years, suffering from a very painful heart that vanished the day that I learned how to play."


In 2014 a 'Bletchley Day' workshop was organised by Care & Repair England. BRE was tasked with considering ways to demonstrate the investment value of home adaptations and modifications.
BRE researched some of the cost-benefits to the NHS of undertaking preventative home interventions for households with a long-term sickness or disability, where the risks of accidents in their home are worse than the national average. This identified the need for preventative work in around 3 million households who have a long-term sickness and disability. This work would make their homes safer and warmer and so would reduce the likelihood of NHS treatment and the need for a Disabled Facilities Grant (DFG) adaptation required as a result of injury.
On 29 April 2016, BRE published The cost-benefit to the NHS arising from preventative housing interventions (FB82) by Helen Garrett, Mike Roys, Selina Burris and Simon Nicol.
It will be of particular interest to all government departments responsible for health and housing, Public Health England, the NHS, local authorities, social housing providers, Age UK, Home Improvement Agencies, the Chartered Institute of Housing and the Chartered Institute of Environmental Health and students of public health and housing.
Home interventions to reduce the risks of HHSRS hazards.
A new cost-benefit model using the cost of poor housing approach.
Estimating the reduction in cost to the NHS of home interventions.
Additional costs to society of not adapting homes for the disabled and vulnerable.
Homes and ageing in England.
Quantifying the health benefits of the Decent Homes programme FB 64.


text:
Q: How to run wsadmin scripts in single wrapper shell script I have some wsadmin python scripts and i tried to include them in single script as below
i need to execute all these scripts with the help of single wrapper script,but i have been facing errors while executing it.so can anyone kindly let me know whats wrong with my script here
#!/usr/bin/env python3

sh wsadmin.sh -lang jython -f /home/Devop/listApps.py
sh wsadmin.sh -lang jython -f /home/Devop/cluster.py
sh wsadmin.sh -lang jython -f /home/Devop/heap.py
sh wsadmin.sh -lang jython -f /home/Devop/Dslist.py
sh wsadmin.sh -lang jython -f /home/Devop/listservers.py

root@bin]# ./wsadmin.sh -lang jython -f /home/Devop/wrapper.py
WASX7209I: Connected to process "server1" on node localhostNode02 using SOAP connector;  The type of process is: UnManagedProcess
WASX7017E: Exception received while running file "/home/Devop/wrapper.py"; exception information: com.ibm.bsf.BSFException: exception from Jython:
Traceback (innermost last):
  (no code object) at line 0
  File "<string>", line 3
    sh wsadmin.sh -lang jython -f /home/Devop/listApps.py
       ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

I  am getting this syntax error

A: what you have now could be used if you rename /home/Devop/wrapper.py to /home/Devop/wrapper.sh with full path to wsadmin.sh inside and run from:
root@bin]# /home/Devop/wrapper.sh
But I believe you are using python in a wrong way. I would suggest you to define functions for each of your python file and include them in one base script to run.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Le Tri-College Consortium (également appelé Tri-Co) est une collaboration entre trois universités d'arts libéraux privées de la banlieue de Philadelphie : Bryn Mawr College, Haverford College et Swarthmore College. Le consortium permet aux étudiants de s'inscrire à des cours dans les autres colleges. Bryn Mawr et Haverford entretiennent une relation particulièrement étroite (que les étudiants appellent souvent familièrement "le Bi-Co"). Les deux écoles partagent un journal étudiant et une station de radio et ont une vie étudiante relativement intégrée. Un bus transporte les étudiants d'un campus à l'autre.

Le  est un autre consortium qui regroupe le Tri-College avec l'Université de Pennsylvanie à Philadelphie.

Références

Université d'arts libéraux
Swarthmore College
Bryn Mawr College
Haverford College


text:
Джон Пол Де́нсмор () (1 грудня 1944, Санта-Моніка, Каліфорнія) — американський музикант-ударник, автор пісень, колишній член рок-гурту "The Doors".

Біографія
Джон Денсмор народився у Санта-Моніці (за іншими даними — в Лос-Анджелесі) 1 грудня 1944. Відвідував міський коледж Санта-Моніка. У віці десяти років навчався грі на піаніно, далі почав засвоювати ударну установку. У старших класах школи грав симфонічну музику, пізніше протягом трьох років виконував джаз. З 1965 по 1973 був членом рок-групи «The Doors», до якої приєднався разом з гітаристом Роббі Крігером, з яким до цього грав у групі «The Psychodelic Rangers». Після розпаду «The Doors» у кар'єрі музиканта настав період затишшя, тривалий час він працював з Роббі Крігером — як в процесі запису ним сольних альбомів, так і в рамках групи «The Butts Band». З 1980-х почав займатися танцями — після того, як завершив музичну кар'єру. У 1984 дебютував на театральній сцені, зігравши у постановці власної п'єси «Шкіра» («Skins») у нью-йоркському La Mama Theatre. У 1985 завоював театральну премію L.A. Weekly Theatre Award за музику до спектаклю «Мафусалем» («Methusalem»). У 1988 зіграв головну роль у спектаклі «Band Dreams and Bebop» у театрі Джина Динарскі, а у 1989 виконав роль у спектаклі «The King of Jazz» («Король джазу»); у 1992 разом з Адамом Антом став співпродюсером вистави «Be Bop A Lula». Джон Денсмор також брав участь у різних телевізійних шоу, а також у створенні фільмів «Get Crazy» («Стати божевільним»), «Dudes» («Піжони») (режисер Пенелопа Сфіріс) та «The Doors» (режисер Олівер Стоун) (в останньому фільмі він виконував роль технічного радника). Окрім цього Денсмор є автором автобіографії «Riders On The Storm», що в свій час мала великий попит серед читачів.

Цікаві факти
 Джон Денсмор включений до Залу Слави рок-н-роллу як член рок-групи «The Doors».
 Згідно з книгою Рея Манзарека «Light My Fire», Джим Моррісон особисто не любив Денсмора. На думку автора, несприйняття Моррісоном Денсмора мало місце вже після першої їх зустрічі. Загалом Денсмор у творі Манзарека майже постійно зображується у негативному світлі.
 Джон Денсмор — єдиний з екс-членів групи «The Doors», який намагався накласти вето на використання пісень гурту у комерційних цілях.
 Страждає на дзвін у вухах.
 Джон Денсмор є лівшею.
 Разом з групою «The Doors» нагороджений зіркою на Алеї Слави в Голлівуді.

Особисте життя
З 1990 одружений з акторкою Леслі Нілі (Leslie Neale), має одну дитину.

Дискографія
 Krieger-Densmore Reggae Bonanza
 Tribaljazz (2006)

Посилання
 John Densmore - Rotten Tomatoes
 John Densmore - Starpulse
 John Densmore - MTV
 John Densmore - IMDb

Уродженці Лос-Анджелеса
Музиканти США
Ударники США


text:
Q: ERROR TypeError: Cannot read property 'toLowerCase' of undefined for Pipe I have this pipe and this error in the title.
Probably if any values from the array being undefined is ok, but how to avoid this error?
export class MusclePipe implements PipeTransform {
  transform(muscle, searchTerm: string): MuscleComponent {
    if (!muscle || !searchTerm) {
      return muscle;
    }

    return muscle.filter(
      (muscle) =>
        muscle.name.toLowerCase().indexOf(searchTerm.toLowerCase()) !== -1
    );
  }
}

A: Usually, it means a name property doesn't exist on one or more of the muscle objects you are iterating through.
Ideally, you want to make sure data exists. But in your case, if there is a possibility that it doesn't, the easiest (and the minimally correct) way is to use optional chaining (?.) after the key that could potentially be optional:
  transform(muscle: [], searchTerm: string): MuscleComponent {
....

    return muscle.filter(muscle =>
       muscle.name?.toLowerCase().indexOf(searchTerm.toLowerCase()) !== -1);
    }
  }

(note the ? after muscle.name).
But since you are chainig the method calls, you could do something like this:
    return muscle.filter(muscle => {
       muscle.name && searchTerm
         ? muscle.name.toLowerCase().indexOf(searchTerm.toLowerCase()) !== -1)
         : 'alternative return value';
       }
    }

Here we are using the ternary operator (if..else) to explicitly check for the value and return an alternative value. I also added the check for the searchTerm is it may potentially be undefined too:
muscle.name && searchTerm

A: You should also include a check in case the muscle doesn't have the name property defined correctly as it appears this is the error you have.
export class MusclePipe implements PipeTransform {
  transform(muscle, searchTerm: string): MuscleComponent {
    if (!muscle || !muscle.name || !searchTerm) {
      return muscle;
    }

    return muscle.filter(
      (muscle) =>
        muscle.name.toLowerCase().indexOf(searchTerm.toLowerCase()) !== -1
    );
  }
}

A: Add a null/undefined check in your pipe to check if the string is null before calling .toLowerCase
if (str === undefined) return [];


About • Blount Library Inc.Blount Library Inc.
In 1839, the Franklinville Library Society was established with the sum of $100.00. In 1898, a Magazine and Library Club was organized by Mrs. Isadore McVey to obtain good books and magazines and was set up in Morgan Hall, on Park Square, and a bookmobile serviced Cadiz and Fitch. Through the efforts of NYS Senator George Spring, then President of the Library Board, Col. Henry Blount was contacted for his support. He eventually donated $5000.00 to help with building the original facility on the present site. Application was made to the Carnegie Corporation, and they agreed to give the sum of $2200.00 if the Town would maintain the Library yearly.
The Library was supported through the Town and Village of Franklinville and the Franklinville Central School, together with donations from various organizations and patrons, until 2007 when the Library became a separate line of the school tax assessments.