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University of Valencia
Home > Scientific-Medical Collection of the University of Valencia. 2. Medicine and Society
Scientific-Medical Collection of the University of Valencia. 2. Medicine and Society
Schedule: From 5 june 2013 to 31 december 2030. Monday, tuesday, wednesday, thursday and friday at 09:00 to 20:00.
Place: Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Avenida Blasco Ibáñez, nº 15, Valencia)
Open on 5 June in Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Avenida Blasco Ibáñez, nº 15, Valencia)
Opening hours: from Monday to Friday from 9:00 to 20:00
This permanent exhibition displays a wide significant selection of the Scientific-Medical Collection of the University of Valencia. This sample that is presented in a new exhibition of the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry is a complementary of the exposure Scientific-Medical Collection of the University of Valencia 1: Science and Society that is exhibited in the Palau de Cerveró.
This collection started in the mid-seventies thanks to the work of Professor López Piñero. The modest initial core was composed of objects and instruments that could meet the same Faculty and Clinical Hospital. With time and selfless dedicating of generations of teachers and staffs who have passed over the last forty years by the institution, have organized a number of temporary exhibitions while the collection has grown thanks to the selfless individual donations as well as institutions.
Organised by the Office of the Vice-Principal for Culture and Equality of the University of Valencia
In collaboration of: Institute for the History of Medicine and Science López Piñero and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry
Contact: exponau@uv.es
http://www.uv.es/cultura/v/docs/expmedicinaisocietat13.htm
<July 2019 >
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The Fike Life: One Hot Mess, Vol. 4: Has phone, will sell.
One Hot Mess, Vol. 4: Has phone, will sell.
Today's One Hot Mess is brought to you by my marriage.
And it's sort of a competition.
I asked St Anthony for a lot of assistance. I even asked if when we got home my phone could just be magically on the kitchen table and we would always marvel and tell the story of the miracle phone reappearance and that's why we named our next baby Anthony. Or Antonia.
But then we got home and the only thing on the kitchen table was crusty yogurt glops from breakfast.
You know Kirby has your phone, right?
So then I go back to my email and "re: I lost my phone" says (direct quote)- "I have it. Some woman found it and called me."
Firstly, amen hallelujah. I apologize, humanity, for assuming first that you are the selling-phones-for-crack type and not kind and good citizens. You are. You really are. Faith restored!
So, he wins, right? Wins as in he is more of a mess than me, right? It's ok, you can be honest, he only sometimes reads this blog and definitely never reads the comments.
Hot messes all around and also, redemption. And also, St Anthony! And also, how dumb is it that losing a phone could be so consuming and semi life-ruining? Dumb!
I'm so happy I didn't text you Bash's latest variety of his favorite word.
not a word. The best was that I emailed him back with a million questions like "NO WAY!! She called you? Did she find it at f&e? What did she say when she called you? etc" and his reply was "yes."
What a relief that it was found!!
Wait, HOW DID NOELLE KNOW?
She texted my phone and Kirby responded!
Also, I love "Antonia" for a girl. Sayin'.
I was shopping one evening. I only had 3 kids at the time but they were all little. We were at an Outlet Mall. I had just loaded the kids and the double stroller into the van. The mall was closing. Went to start the van... no keys. Checked everywhere in the car and could not find them. Unload the kids (Not the stroller) and start knocking on store doors. They think I want to shop so I have to yell through the door "Did you find any keys?!"... hang head in shame. No luck, tired arms. Why did I choose to carry the littlest one (and drag the middle one!?). Go back to the car wondering how we are going to get home. We only have 1 car. Yes, my husband is at home and has a set of keys... but he can't GET them to me. Crappity crap. Go back to the car and call my husband with my tail between my legs. Buckle the kids in. again. Open the trunk to check the stroller. There they were. Under the stroller in the van. I had the friggity frackin keys the entire time! I had to yell through umpteen doors asking if they found my keys and I HAD MY KEYS! Yeah, I was certainly a hot mess that day.
That's like 55% less magical than I was hoping BUT STILL RAD.
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Riconfermate le strutture commercializzate in esclusiva, sia nel Cilento in Campania che nel Salento in Puglia e contemporaneamente allargato il portafoglio di strutture che compongono la..
Da verificare, in quanto possono diventare unesca per farvi fare acquisti inutili, e davvero poco convenienti. APP offerte supermercato, e per non sprecare denaro, facciamo aiutare..
5200MaH 0688. Batteria per Hp Compaq CQ32 CQ42 CQ43 CQ56 CQ57 CQ58 CQ62 CQ72 MU06 5200mAh 0309. 5,095 reviews.0 out of 5 batteriepc is based in Italy and have been selling on eBay since 2010. Show more Expires- 100 success Verified on 25 OFF Code Bata Offer Code - Get Flat 25 Off.1499 Above Buy footwear and get flat 25 off on minimum purchase.1499. Batteria PER asus A32-F82 sconti famiglia parco natura viva K50C K50IJ P50IJ X5DIJ X5DIN.8-11.1V 5200mAh 0182. Batteria PER Acer Aspire 4741G 5742Z G 5750G.8-11.1V 5200MaH 0183. Show more Expires- 100 success Verified on 10 OFF Code Bata Discount Code - Flat 10 Off On Summer Collection Show more Expires- 100 success Verified on 20 OFF Code Deal On Bata Shoes - Get Flat 20 Off.1999 Above Deal.
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A business may be struggling but not want it "on the street" that they are closing. If clients found out they may be reluctant to purchase goods and/or services. Many times it must be kept silent from the employees. There can be concerns about the competition finding out and spreading the information.
There are times that a Tenant is planning to relocate but does not wish his Landlord to know for a period of time. If he is in a month to month lease the Landlord could give notice to vacate before the Tenant is in a position to move.
I have seen examples where a spouse may be winding up a divorce settlement and not wish to inform his or her partner of a pending sale of commercial real estate.
In consultation with the client, we decide the best way to approach the assignment. In many cases we may use neither sign nor advertising. Often it requires first prequalifying the prospective purchaser and getting a confidentiality agreement signed before disclosing any details about the offering.
We at all times have a list of motivated buyers interested in different sectors. Alternatively, we may advertise in general terms, drawing interest but require a confidentiality agreement be executed prior to release of details.
It does…we most often successfully complete the task while maintaining a high level of discretion. Obviously most business clients seek high exposure marketing methods in order to realize the best possible price. There is however a place for specifically tailored commercial real estate services that satisfies our unique client requirements.


Link Found Between Neck Trauma, Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks and Multiple Sclerosis | Doppsonline.com Dopps Chiropractic: Our family bringing health to your family for over 40 years!
(20 September 2011), draws a link between abnormal cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics and the onset of Multiple Sclerosis.
UPRIGHT® MRI images were taken, which showed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cinematography. Quantitative measurements of CSF velocity, flow and pressure gradients in the upright patient revealed that significant obstructions to CSF flow were present in all eight Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients.
The obstructions are believed to be responsible for CSF "leakages" from the ventricles into the surrounding the nervous tissue in the brain. These leakages can be the source of the MS lesions in the brain, causing MS symptoms.
With multiple obstructions of the flow of CSF, coupled with an increased intracranial pressure, this causes the cerebrospinal fluid to leak out, along with antigenic proteins. The immune system's response to these antigenic proteins, demonstrates the same type of erosion of the nerves' sheath, or demyelination, associated with MS.
All of the patients in this study, had a history of cranio-cervical trauma, half of which had noted whiplash from a motor vehicle accident. All symptoms started, between one to 27 years after the trauma, disrupting the flow of the CSF and causing the leakage of antigenic proteins. The range of documented symptoms were vast and spanned from vision loss and muscular imbalances to headaches and numbness in the face, all of which are common with MS.
The study authors, Raymond Damadian and David Chu, showed a misalignment of C1 was found on the MRI images of the cervical spine. It was successfully treated by Dr. Scott Rosa D.C., using upper cervical chiropractic care.
"The patient's symptoms, severe vertigo accompanied by vomiting when recumbent (lying down ) and stumbling from unequal leg length, ceased upon treatment" said Dr. Rosa. The pre and post treatment analysis of the CSF flow leakages showed they dramatically decreased and were more evenly distributed.
Dopps Chiropractic NE focuses on spinal biomechanics and the ability to activate the body's inherent ability to heal, through a properly functioning nervous system, delivered through the chiropractic adjustment.
If you'd like more information about this topic, or call to schedule an appointment with Dr.Ryan Dopps of Dr. Denise Dopps.


The Executi ve committ ee takes pleasure in presenti ng the annual report of the functi oning of the society from 1 st November 2015 ti ll 31 st October, 2016. The working of our society is guided by our objecti ves of promoti ng systems science and engineering, disseminating knowledge pertaining to systems theory and applicati ons, encouraging meritorious work in systems domain, reporti ng results of original research and providing a forum for scholars and practi ti oners to come together to share ideas and experiences.
The society had yet another eventf ul year during this period. ISSE had spread it wings and expanded its acti viti es by starti ng fi ve more chapters in India, viz., Manipal, Kochi, Sriharokiota-Chennai, Hyderabad and Amravati . The Nati onal Conference of ISSE, 'Large Scale Multi disciplinary Systems of Nati onal Signifi cance-Trends & Challenges', LAMSYS 2016 was held during June 24-25, 2016 at Sati sh Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. Apart from the Nati onal conference, several Nati onal and Internati onal programmes were also organized under the aegis of local chapters of ISSE in the system engineering domain towards the society objecti ve of promoti ng the systems concept. The major acti viti es conducted and important achievements of ISSE during the period are presented in the annual report 2016.
The Executive committee takes pleasure in presenting the annual report of the functioning of the society from 1 st April 2014 till date. The working of our society is guided by our objectives of promoti ng study of systems science and engineering, disseminating knowledge pertaining to systems theory and applicati ons, encouraging meritorious work in systems domain, reporting results of original research and providing a forum for scholars and practitioners to come together to share ideas and experiences.
During the year the society got its status enhanced from a state level society to a national level with the inauguration of its local chapters at Thiruvananthapuram and Bangalore. The major activities conducted and important achievements of ISSE during the period are presented in the annual report.


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3. Leadership and Nation-building as portrayed in the book of Judges
Leadership, Integrity and Nation building.
– by Caesar Drasi Bua
A. Key lessons from the book of Judges
Before we discuss leadership and people's roles in nation-building, we would like to discuss some key factors that made Israel fail to build and establish their nation in the land God promised to them. Our key verse is, "In those days Israel had no king; everyone did as he saw fit", Judges 17:6, 18:1.
This statement is one of the key texts in the study of Judges. It drives us to dig deeper and understand the surrounding circumstances that led to Israel having no king in those days. To get into that exploration, first we need to ask the question, why Israel had no king? Here we shall find out that Israel had a king but not a human king like the other nations. Why, because:
1) God was Israel's King
The historical narrative of Israel tells us that, before Israel became a nation or a sovereign state, it was a family. God called a couple – a man by name Abram and his wife Sarai. God told them to leave their parents' families and community to go to a new land, which He (God) would give to them. When Abram accepted the call of God, his name was changed to Abraham, which means 'father of many nations'. That of his wife Sarai became Sarah, meaning 'mother of many nations', Genesis 17. Indeed, God fulfilled His promise to Abraham, in that by the time his grandson Jacob went to Egypt due to famine, the number of his family[1] had reached to seventy people, Genesis 46:27.
While in Egypt the descendants of Jacob increased greatly until the Egyptian king was threatened. Despite his policy that all male children of the Israelites be killed, the number of Israelite men reached six hundred thousand (600,000) by the time they came out of Egypt under the leadership of Moses, Exodus 12:37. And that was only the men of military age. Women and children were not included in that number. Note that, up to this time, Israel was not a nation but a community[2] of God's people, Exodus 16:1.
Moses died before reaching the Promised Land. After his death, God called Joshua to replace him. Joshua then led the community of Israel across the river Jordan. Under Joshua's leadership, the number of Israel's men at the age of fighting reached six hundred and one thousand, seven hundred and thirty (601,730), Numbers 26:4,51. Those men with their families crossed on the other side of river Jordan. Joshua's task as a leader was to subdue the land of Canaan, which was then inhabited by other nations. He was to fight, capture, settle and occupy every land of all these nations because they were being given by God to Israel. All along, God was the King over Abraham's family growing into Israel's community. Joshua operated under God's Kingship.
Both Moses and Joshua were servants of God. "After the death of Moses the servant of the LORD. The LORD said to Joshua son of Nun, Moses' aide: "Moses my servant is dead. Now, then you and all these people get ready to cross the River Jordan into the land I am about to give them – to the Israelites", Joshua 1:1-2. From here Joshua took over the leadership and crossed the River Jordan and did his work faithfully until his death. Then things changed for the worse.
2) The act of connectivity
"After the whole generation had been gathered to their fathers, another generation grew up, who knew neither the LORD nor what He had done for Israel. Then the Israelites did evil in the eyes of the LORD and served Baals", Judges 2:10-11.
One great failure of Israel's older generation was forgetting to teach and instruct their younger generation about God, His deeds and His commandments. Though God had earlier told the parents and elders again and again to teach His ways to their children: "These commandments that I give you today … Impress them on your children. Talk about them when you sit at home and when you walk along the road, when you lie down and when you get up", Deuteronomy 6:4-9. Sadly, the parents and their elders failed in their God-given responsibility. So the children grew up without the true knowledge of God. Hence, they became wicked and rebellious, worshipping idols, because there was no connectivity with the God-fearing foundation that had gone before. In our days, we see this dangerously happen in our own homes. Many parents do not invest time teaching their children things of God. Even though, in our church denominations parents take oaths during children's baptisms and dedications that they will teach their children about God and His commandments. But, so often after water baptism and baby dedication parents forget about their own vows before God. They make no time to sit down with their children to do the work they promised God and the church to do. This makes new generations grow with little or no knowledge of God. There is 'dis-connectivity' between God, leaders and people.
3) Attitude of rebellion
The third thing we see in the book of Judges that led to this failure of nation-building is the attitude of rebellion. Earlier, God gave a clear job description to Joshua the leader of the Israelite community. God's will for the Israelites was for them to dislodge all the people who inhabited the land of Canaan at that time. Joshua, Moses' successor, was to lead Israel in that commission. On his part as an individual leader, Joshua conquered some lands and settled some of Israel's tribes in them. Before he died he appointed Caleb with the same task to lead Israel's community. After his death, several tribes of Israel intentionally failed to obey the instruction Joshua left with them from God. They did not conquer the lands or chase away the tribes who were already there. Instead, they settled among the people who should have been dislodged. Henceforth, those people influenced Israel's community with ideas of pagan worship, which God considered an act of disobedience and rebellion, Judges 1:27-35; 2:1-5.
Rebellion, also known as insurrection, is an act of open resistance to an established authority. It originates from the mind-set or attitude of the rebellious person. Such an individual usually thinks or says 'I can do it on my own way'. 'I don't need someone else to instruct me'. A rebellious attitude is aggressive and arrogant towards God and His established standards. God does not tolerate rebellion or disobedience. He decisively deals with a rebellious attitude. In Judges 2, when the other tribes refused to chase out those nations settled in the land God gave Israel, God refused to help the people of those tribes. He said, "… you have disobeyed me … Now therefore I tell you that I will not drive them (the original populations) out before you, they will be thorns in your sides and their gods a snare to you", Judges 2:2-3 (brackets mine).
True to His own word God refused to help the Israelites in chasing away the native nations. Instead He used those nations to punish Israel whenever they sinned. There are so many occasions recorded where God killed rebellious people with the earth opening to swallow the people. He sent snakes among the Israelites and the snakes bit several people who died of their snake bites, Numbers 16:1-32; 21:6; 26:10. This is reality, not just a story of the things that happened in the past to the generations before us. No! It is even happening today to nations, communities, families and individuals. In the book of Prophet Samuel, God punished King Saul because he refused to obey Him. God told Samuel to tell King Saul, "You have rejected the word of the LORD and the LORD has rejected you as King over Israel", 1Samuel 15:26. It is dangerous to disobey God and rebel against Him. When we do that He punishes us with terrible diseases and even civil wars. Does this remind you of today? The book of Judges may be old, but it is still very relevant.
B. Leadership
1. Understanding leadership
Leadership is an old and complex concept to understand and define. It does not have one single definition. There are hundreds of definitions in books on leadership but none of them is absolutely similar to another unless it is a quote. Every author or leadership guru gives his own definition as he understands the term leadership. As such I am going to state here that, leadership is not a position and a title in a particular set hierarchy nor a place in an organisational or administrative structure. Rather, leadership is a process, commitment, an attitude to life of an individual leader. Now, to grasp ideas on the difficulties of understanding leadership, I wish to provide some reasons:
a) Leadership exists at different levels
To understand this, you think about an organisation that has majorly three levels: top, middle and low. People at the top who guide the others are called leaders; the middle people likewise have leaders and then the lower level of the hierarchy also have people who are called leaders of that lower level. So, at every level there is a leadership. This for sure sets a dilemma in a person's mind whenever he wants to define the term "leadership". Why, because in the definition to which level do you connect or refer? In other words which level of leadership do you define?
b) Leadership exists at different ages
This is like the previous point. It simply states that when you consider different ages of social groups in society, you will discover that in every age group there is a leader or leadership. For example, when children gather together to play, you will find that one of them is a leader. In same manner if aged people sit under a shade whether in rural area, town or city, in each group you will find one person is a leader for the group. So, when we define leadership; for which age group are we defining? Is it that of the old people or the youth and the children?
Leadership is ambiguous
When you think about the word 'leadership' what comes in to your mind? To who or what are you referring? Is it to the activity of the leader or to the person? You need to know whether your definition describes a person, or refers to the functions or activity of the leader.
2. Understanding the nature of leadership
The current understanding of leadership is that it is a long-term relationship or partnership between the leader and followers. The leader and the followers are connected in such a way that the power between them is approximately balanced. It is vital to understand here that the partnership is the opposite to that which exists between parents and children. In parents/children partnerships, the parents have the responsibility of their children and the children are recipients of their parent's services. It is not so with the nature of leadership we are discussing here. We are saying that the partnership between leadership and followers occurs only when authority for control shifts from the leader to the followers because in this type of partnership authoritarian leadership is not entertained. It is a far-off thought. Good leadership promotes shared decision making processes.[3] Another vital thing to consider in this is that leadership effectively takes place when followers consciously make decisions on the issues. This means that leaders can never make their own views normative for others. Moreover, they need to recall that even the service of others can become dedicated manipulation. Rather, contemporary leaders need personal ethics that include constant self-scrutiny and keeping the focus on the common task. This begins with making a difference in others through respect, valuation of their dignity and celebrating their successes. A leader needs to have a relentless pursuit for the organisation (or the nation's) mission. He must foster self-leadership in his followers as he balances a sense of urgency with patience.[4]
C. Nation-building requirements
1) The fear of God
"The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom and the knowledge of the Holy One is understanding", Proverbs 9:10.
Earlier we discussed that the Israelites failed to overcome their enemies to settle in the land God promised for them because they rebelled against God. That is, they rejected God as their King. God did not appoint anybody to lead them since their relationship with God was not good, which also means there was no fear of God in their hearts. To fear God is to revere and honour Him in everything about your daily life. In human history, there was a man by the name of Job. The Bible says, Job had the fear of God, and continues "was blameless, upright and shunned evil", Job 1:1. A leader who fears God will refrain from evil and exclusively embrace uprightness in his motives, his attitudes, his words and his actions. Yet the question comes, why is it important for a leader to have the fear of God? The leader is to have the fear of God because:
a) He is God's servant, Roman 13:4
Ultimately, the concept of servanthood is far-fetched in our minds and in practice by this generation. We think being a servant is being low in position and doing mostly low works such as sweeping, serving tea in the offices and being a messenger. Yet in Romans 13:4, Apostle Paul refers to every authority God institutes as 'servants'. The leaders in these authorities are servants in the sense that God is the owner of the estates for which the leaders are responsible. As the Psalmist says, "The earth is the LORD's, and everything in it, the world and all who live in it …", Psalm 24:1. "The highest heavens belong to the LORD but the earth he has given to the human race …", Psalm 115:16. These two scriptural texts, and many others, affirm that God is the creator and owner of the universe. But because of His good will He assigned the earth to man to manage, Genesis 1:28.
According to the Apostle Paul, God dispensed to the leaders' responsibilities in their nations to do "good" works. He emphasised that existing authorities are God's servants to do good to the people they lead. Now to do "good" in this context is a requirement not an option and it is not simply relative to the performance of others. It is imperative to the leader and for his assignment. Note that to do "good" is an absolute moral purity as portrayed in the eyes of God. God's expectation from His servants is life that is untouched/detached from sin but dedicated to Him and His word. Job was such a leader in his very early nation and generation. He feared God, in that he was blameless, upright and shunned evil. Even though trials came to him and all his resources were destroyed in a single day, Job never forsook his integrity. He remained focused on his attitude towards God and His commandments. All political leaders who hold authority in the nations today are expected to administer justice in those countries. As God showed His ways to the people of Israel in days' gone by, so He is doing today. His requirement is "To act justly and love mercy and to walk humbly with your God", Micah 6:8.
When leaders fear God, the country experiences peace, unity and prosperity, for God will bless the country through the leadership. The key point here is that, it is righteousness that exalts a nation. Only nations whose leaders fear God are promised prosperity, peace and unity, Proverbs 14:34. If any leader does not fear God or does not serve God's people with justice, mercy and love, God has this to say: "Among my people are wicked men who lie in wait like men who snare birds and like those who set traps to catch men…their houses are full of deceit; they have become rich and powerful and have grown fat and sleek…Their evil deeds have not limit; they do not plead the case of the fatherless to win it, they do not defend the rights of the poor…The Prophets prophesy lies, the priests rule by their own authority and my people love it this way…From the least to the greatest all are greedy for gain; Prophets and priests alike, all practice deceit…They dress the wounds of my people as though it were not serious. Peace, peace they say when there is no peace…they have no shame at all", Jeremiah 5:26-31; 6:13-15.
b) He is appointed by God, Romans 13:1-2
Every leadership, regardless of who they are and their different leadership positions, is instituted by God. "The authorities that exist have been established by God … whoever rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted and those who do so will bring judgement on themselves". God's purpose is that there may be order and administration in every nation. His main intentions for authorities are that they may observe order and provide services to the populace under their leadership. As they do so they equally combat lawlessness in the society.
In Old Testament times God appointed a man, by name Nehemiah, governor in Jerusalem during the reign of King Artaxerxes of the Medo-Persian Empire. In later life he did a lot of reforms in Israel because he was a God-fearing man. After hearing that his home city, Jerusalem, was demolished and the gates were burnt by fire, Nehemiah fasted, confessed the sins of his people to God asking that God would forgive them. Thereafter, he journeyed to Jerusalem, rebuilt the walls that were broken down and led other repair work in the city. When the construction work was over, Nehemiah appointed leaders and made a census of the people. So, it is important for a leader to know God personally and walk in God's ways during the course of his life and leadership.
2) A heart for the nation
A true story was told of two South Sudanese brothers. The younger brother asked his elder brother who was working with the government in those days when the country was still one, 'how was the government?'. His elder brother answered that the government was like a cow that has a lot of milk. Everybody wanted to milk that cow. Whenever the cow entered in a person's fence, the person closed the door and milked the cow, taking as much as he wanted. Then the person released the cow to go. The cow went and entered in another person's fence, and the second person did exactly like the first person. He closed the door of his fence, milked the cow until he was satisfied. And the cow continued to go after it was released by the second person, to the third, the fourth, and so on. According to that elder brother, this told the state of affairs in the government of the then united Sudan!
A true heart for the country encompasses the leader's own state of mind concerning his country, plus his degree of commitment to national affairs and the quality of his performance in terms of service delivery. Being effective in this is what people call "patriotism".[5] Patriotism is a culture in the sense that it is learned, developed and nurtured over a period. This culture is measured by being loyal to set national standards. Hence, 'heart for the nation' can never remain a wish. If you as the leader do not learn, develop and nurture patriotism it will vanish from your heart and many others. Your leadership becomes a run of the mill leadership, not at all the lifestyle Almighty God wants from you.
People who have heart for their nation:
care for the affairs of their country
protect and respect all the resources of the country
serve all fellow citizens, respecting them and their properties
plan for the development of the country
respect (or legally amend) its laws.
People who don't have heart for their country:
plunder the government resources
cheat other people
favour one group or community over another
even kill their fellow citizens, (or order such killings and turn a blind eye).
God hates leaders who have no heart for their countries and the people. He warned those leaders in the books of prophets such as Isaiah and Micah. He gave them this message, "Woe to those who make unjust laws; to those who issue oppressive decrees, to deprive the poor of their rights and withhold justice from the oppressed on my people, making widows their prey and robbing the fatherless", Isaiah 10:1-2. "…Woe to those who plan iniquity, to those who plot evil on their beds! At morning's light they carry it out because it is in their power to do it. They covet fields and seize them and houses and take them. They defraud a man of his home, a fellowman of his inheritance. Therefore the Lord says, 'I am planning disaster against this people, from which you cannot save yourselves … a time of calamity", Micah 2:1-3. As a national or civic leader you must know that the LORD God is against leaders who do not respect their fellow citizens. He is against men and women who take away public funds for personal or family use. To God such leaders are incredulous individuals. So as a leader with a God-given trust you need to have a sincere heart for the nation; then you and the people may enjoy peace, unity and growth.
3) Promote national well-being
The process of promoting a nation's well-being includes the leader and the citizens as one package. The implication here is that, both leader and citizens work together in building their nation. Governor Nehemiah demonstrated this when he and the people of Israel built the wall of Jerusalem together as a family. For this to happen citizens must collaborate successfully with their leadership and with one another. But for collaboration to happen between the leadership and the followers, the leader needs to exemplify both personal and vocational integrity, in which his main task is to encourage citizens to be free in expressing their opinions. Leaders should value justice for all, the dignity of every individual citizen, services delivery to everyone, in complete trust and loving respect for each other.
I think fragmented society in any nation can never achieve development in any setting; never! Let me illustrate this with the true story of the tower of Babel. The Bible says, "Now the whole world had one language and a common speech. As people moved east-ward, they found a plain in Shinar and settled there. They said to each other, "Come, let us make bricks and bake them thoroughly". They used bricks instead of stones; and bitumen for mortar. Then they said, "Come, let us build ourselves a city, with a tower that reaches to the heavens, so that we can make name for ourselves otherwise we will be scattered over the face of the whole earth." But the LORD came down to see the city and the tower that the people were building. The LORD said, "If as one people speaking the same language they have begun to do this, then nothing they plan to do will be impossible for them. Come let us go down and confuse their language so they will not understand each other." So the LORD scattered them from there over all the earth and they stopped building the city", Genesis 11:1-9.
This narrative provides use with two main facts; which are:
a) There is strength in unity
As the old saying goes, 'unity is strength', and it is. The LORD God bore witness that, "If as one people speaking the same language have begun to do this, then nothing they plan to do will be impossible for them", verse 6. This statement is absolutely true and very practical. Let us take as an example the impact of national unity on sustainable development in Rwanda. A research done within a sociological framework there showed a "democratic state and the state based on the rule of law, media freedom including the participation of people in national planning resulted in imperative sustainable development". This was confirmed by 64.4% of the politicians, 72.4% of representatives of the military, journalists, civil and public societies and 63.5% of the ordinary population. The respondents stated that presently Rwanda is slowly becoming a democratic state, with the application of the rule of law and media freedom.
It was also noticed that Rwandan national unity facilitates, promotes and encourages the bilateral collaboration between people, between people and authorities, and between authorities themselves. The involvement and participation of the people in national planning and protection of national developmental projects for future generations has led to sustainable development. Rwandan national unity has improved and positively influenced Rwandan social, economic and political systems in a confirmed way. In addition, there is good governance, security, peace, unity and popular education.[6]
b) Disunity is disgrace
The causes of disunity are misplaced priorities and mistaken enemies. Once, these happen the consequences are terrible on the people. People who were once strong when united, suddenly become weak and fail to achieve their dreams. They hate one another and dissipate their energy in self-centred quarrels. You remember from the history of the tower of Babel, once mankind was confused because their centre of unity – the language – was removed by God, those people never remained one. They became divided and their project died as result of their disunity. God was the author of disunity at Babel, but He is firmly against it in nation-building. So often leaders begin to mistake their colleagues as enemies. Once this begins to happen more energy is spent fighting each other than combatting the causes of wrongs. And most cases, before you realise that you are fighting each other, you will have already destroyed more precious resources, including people, the most precious of all.
4) Observe leadership ethics
Ethics[7] are moral principles or recognised rules of conduct that govern a person's behaviour in respect to a particular class or human group. They can also be described as desirable, appropriate values and morals used in a given community or society. It is worth noting that each society, community and specialised group have their own ethics or moral principles. Leadership being one of the specialised groups in human society has its own ethical requirements, for example, things like dressing codes for certain groups of leaders. Therefore ethics, in general, deals with the purity of the individual leader and his intentions, while leadership ethics in particular serve as guidelines for analysing "what is good or bad" in a specific scenario.
Correlating ethics with leadership, we find that ethics is all about the leader's identity and role. Ethical theories on leadership talk about two main things:
a) the actions and behaviour of the leader
b) the personality and character of the leader
It is therefore essential to note that good, positive ethics are essential ingredients to leadership. A leader drives, inspires and influences the followers to achieve a common goal of their nation or organisation by exemplifying an ethical life. For example, the leader is to ensure that everyone is treated with trust, respect and dignity. So, it is an ethical job of the leader to treat his subordinates with respect as each of them has a unique personality. He knows that the ethical environment in his organisation is built and developed by himself, because he has an influential role in the enterprise. Similarly, the leader has an influence in developing the values for everyone else to follow.
An effective and ethically positive leader has the following traits:
a) Dignity and respectfulness
This simply means he respects others and should not merely use his followers as a medium to achieve his personal goals. Instead he should respect peoples' feelings, decisions and values. This implies listening effectively to them, being compassionate, as well as being liberal in hearing and considering opposing viewpoints. In short, it implies treating followers in a manner that authenticates their combined values and beliefs.
b) Service to others
An ethical leader should place his followers' interests ahead of his own. He should be humane and act in a manner that is always fruitful for his followers, even if not for himself.
c) Justice
An ethical leader is fair and just. He treats all his followers equally because there is no personal bias in his heart. This is vital because wherever there is a need for some followers to be treated differently, the ground for differential treatment should be fair, clear, and built on morality. If it is not there will likely be trouble.
d) Community building
An ethical leader develops community because he considers his own purposes as well as his followers' purposes, while making efforts to achieve goals suitable to all of them. He is considerate to the community interests. He does not overlook the followers' intentions so he works harder for the community goals.
e) Honesty
An ethical and effective leader presents the facts and circumstances 100% truthfully and completely. No matter how critical or harmful the facts may be for himself or his friends he does not misrepresent (or politically spin) anything.
It is essential to note that leadership is all about values, and it is impossible to be a leader if you lack the awareness and concern for your own personal values together with those of the entire people you serve. Leadership has a moral and ethical aspect. These ethics define leadership. Leaders can use the above-mentioned traits as yardsticks for influencing their own behaviour. Followers can use them too when it comes to voting at the next elections.
D. Leadership and integrity
Integrity is the leader's adherence to moral and ethical principles that shall result in the soundness, wholeness and unimpaired moral character of the leader. Integrity is a state of the leader being undivided, being unified in his moral values. In search of leadership, integrity is consistently rated as one of the most important character traits for a prospective leader, and an existing leader, to be respected. It is so often considered to be the basis upon which all other good leadership traits are built. Integrity is developed through constant practice of moral and ethical principles. No leader is born with integrity. It is learned and practised through willingness and a commitment to the required moral and ethical codes.
The requirement for leadership integrity in our days surpasses all other demands. Sadly however, few leaders give attention to developing their integrity as compared to their commitment to practising politics. The understanding of many leaders is that their integrity is a private affair, not a public concern. This is not so. The public are more interested in their leader's integrity. Leaders need to know that provision of service to the public with no good lifestyle is an abomination to the public. For example, a leader has affairs with other sexual partners outside their marriage. They misappropriate public funds, smoke and get drunk in public. They insult fellow leaders publicly in the media and lie openly about national issues. Such leaders are moral failures and disqualify themselves from public office.
Recent years have evidenced a series of such shifts. Though it remains a fact that people want to see their leaders are genuine, there seems to be a need to defend every issue that is questioned. As the leader, you have arrived where you are by being yourself. You have striven to make your own life as it is. To have this perspective, two attitudes are required of you:
a) Personal integrity in relation to your vision for life
b) Integrity in relation to primary public values and resources
We have some great leaders in every walk of life. We also have a lot of mediocre personalities who claim to be leading people but morally they fall below the expected character. To fight this antagonism in himself the leader needs to identify some leadership pitfalls in his surroundings, two of which are briefly discussed here:
1) Traditions
In communities and the society we live in, well known ethical and moral standards are often those archaic standards formulated long ago by our forefathers. Some have become impractical in the new generations we live in, simply because they are undefined and self-centred, only pleasing to individual leaders and perhaps their immediate supporters. Leaders in such dysfunctional communities and societies frequently need to strive for the development of their own integrity and that of others too. To do that effectively, they must eliminate some of the old community norms or their efforts to change would not succeed. Those society or community norms will suppress their efforts since they are supporting evil actions of a few past or present leaders. Let us take for example a society where people support theft from public resources, sexual immorality for men and so on. Leaders in such communities cannot practise integrity easily because of the obstacles of traditions. But practise they must, even at great personal effort.
But it is important to know that trust in leaders is born from the combination of their integrity and competence – not competence alone. In many cases leaders count on their academic qualifications, experience and output through service delivery, to gain trust from their followers. Service delivery via well qualified leadership is a great endeavour but it does not equally measure a leader's moral and ethical quality in earning trust. Therefore it must not be substituted, because lack of trust leads to competition between the leader and followers and eventually it leads to fragmentation of the nation, group or organisation. In such situations the important thing to note is that a leader cannot just pay lip service. He must work out ways to create the environment of trust so his followers can believe him.
2) Handling criticism
Criticism has two sides to it:
There is what is termed to be 'positive' criticism. By this I mean commendable feedback from people concerning your leadership and services to them.
But there is also what is known as 'negative' criticism. This is bad comments people give about their leader and his service to them, often not said directly face to face but spread through others.
Negative criticism is the most difficult to handle, (although positive can lead to pride!), simply because many leaders don't entertain bad comments concerning their personalities and performance. The impression leaders have after they are appointed to posts is that they have become 'super beings'. Their words are now infallible. Little do they remember that they are still human, hence full of shortcomings.
Many a time the easiest response of leaders, when people criticise them, is either to dismiss the comments or retaliate by punishing those involved. But when a leader punishes a person or community because they criticise him, does he not create more room for more criticisms? In the process of self-defence, the leader does self-destruction to his leadership instead. Henceforth, the best way to handle criticism is to adopt King David's style of leadership: "As King David approached Bahurim, a man from the same clan as Saul's family came out from there. His name was Shimei son of Gera and he cursed as he came out. He pelted David and all the king's officials with stones, though all the troops and the special guard were on David's right and left. As he cursed, Shimei said, "Get out, get out, you murderer, you scoundrel! The LORD has repaid you for all the blood you shed in the household of Saul, in whose place you have reigned. The LORD has given the kingdom into the hands of your son Absalom. You have come to ruin because you are a murderer!"
"Then Abishai son of Zeruiah said to the king, "Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king? Let me go over and cut off his head." But the king said, "What does this have to do with you, you sons of Zeruiah? If he is cursing because the LORD said to him, 'Curse David'. Who can ask, "Why do you do this?""
"David then said to Abishai and all his officials, "My son, my own flesh, is trying to kill me. How much more, then, this Benjamite! Leave him alone; let him curse, for the LORD has told him to do it. It may be that the LORD will look upon my misery and restore me to His covenant blessing instead of his curse today", 2 Samuel 16:5-12.
Leaders who know their standing and character do not panic at criticism from either their followers or fellow leaders. Negative criticism instead serves as fuel for them to go ahead with their serving and gain even more trust from the watching people. Nobody defeats negative with negative, rather negative is overcome with positive as King David did here.
Using this chapter and Scriptures quoted
1. "God was Israel's king". Comparing Judges 17:6; 18:1 and 1 Samuel 8:1-9, why did Israel want "a king"? What did their request show (a) about themselves? (b) about God? What are any parallels for us today?
2. "Israel's older generation was forgetting to teach … their younger generation about God". List some of the values in knowing the national history, from Deuteronomy 6:4-25. Do these values apply to Sudan/South Sudan today.
3. "Rebellion … is an act of open resistance to an established authority". Thinking about Judges 2:1-7, what are ways we rebel against God today? Driving enemies out of our land, as Joshua was told to do, is surely not an option for us today? So what is?
4. "Leadership is a process, commitment, an attitude to life of an individual leader". True/false? Why? Romans 12:1-21.
5. "Nation-building requires … the fear of God". Why? How? For who? Be as practical as you can. Proverbs 1:7; 1:28-29; 2:1-6; 3:5-7; 8:13-16; 9:10; 10:27; 14:2; 14:16; 14:26-27; 15:16; 15:33; 16:6; 19:23; 22:4; 23:17; 24:21-22; 29:25; 31:30.
6. "If the leader does not nurture patriotism … it will vanish". Of the nine positives and negatives suggested by Rev. Caesar, which are the best and worst? Why? Micah 2:1-3.
7. "Handling criticism" is a very tricky subject. Why should a leader be open to criticism? Share positive and negative experiences you have seen or heard. James 3:9-10.
[1] Family: "A group consisting of parents and children; or all the people who are related to you, including people now dead". Macmillan School Dictionary (Oxford) 2004. [2] Community: "People living in (or belonging to) a small area; people in a larger society who are the same in some way". Macmillan School Dictionary (Oxford) 2004. [3] Andrew J. Dubrin Principles of Leadership (South Western: Nashville, TN.) 2010, p.4. [4] Leonard Doohan Spiritual Leadership the Quest for Integrity (Paulist Press: New York) 2007, p.31-32. [5] Patriotism: "Feeling a lot of love, respect and duty towards your country", Macmillan School Dictionary (Oxford) 2004. [6] Justin Rutayisire Enviromental Science, University of Kwazulu-Natal, 2002, researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/3676 . [7] Ethics: "a set of principles that people use to decide what is right and wrong"; "a general principle or belief that affects the way people behave". Macmillan School Dictionary (Oxford) 2004.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Jason Johal at CK Science is currently recruiting for a Manufacturing Technologist to join one of the world's leading research-based pharmaceutical companies based in Hertfordshire on a full time, permanent basis.
This job is responsible for provision of technical expertise with a focus on the process development and validation of a manufacturing section for tablet and capsule manufacture. The role is part of a 'matrix' organisation and functionally reports to the Technical Manager manufacturing.
Ensure that operations conducted within your area of responsibility are performed in accordance with the requirements of the Quality System, GMP Guidelines and Industry Standards.
Monitor key quality performance indicators and implement corrective, preventative or continuous improvement activities to address any adverse trends, in a timely manner.
Generate technical documents to support manufacturing operations.
Generate technical reports including the interpretation and presentation of data.
Manage, investigate and remedy test failures through the Quality systems.
Develop and revise Standard Operating Procedures (SOP's).
Provide and execute project management principles across functional teams.
Define, plan and execute development and validation studies and process and cleaning validation studies.
Generate change controls & deviation including Corrective Action & Preventative Action (CAPA).
Experience in a Pharmaceutical manufacturing or technical environment performing technical/operations and/or project management functions.
Experience associated to process development and product transfer.
Practical application experience of lean practices, formal qualification an advantage.
Practical hands on experience of manufacturing technology and equipment.
If successful, you will be joining a company that truly values its employees and is completely focused on the patient. In return there is an attractive salary, coupled with excellent benefits and extensive training/career progression opportunities.
To apply for this Manufacturing Technologist position Jason Johal via email: jjohal@ckscience.co.uk or telephone: 01438 723 500. Please quote reference ST27128 in all correspondence.


Mr. Murray has a B.A. degree in History and Politics and a M.Sc. China in the International Arena. Before joining KYS International School, Mr. Murray was Head of Humanities and Examinations at a school in Jakarta, Indonesia. He has five years of teaching experience.
Mr. Murray believes that the study of History in an important one. History is not only a study of the past but a study of our participation in the long story of life.
A History student has a passion for the complexities of the past and how it has influenced the world we live in today. A qualification in History can lead to wide variety opportunities from law, business and journalism to being a diplomat. Universities in the United Kingdom have recently stated that A Level History is "the single most important subject in helping students succeed in Medicine and Sciences, due to the skills of analysis and writing required."
understanding of History in a clear and effective manner.
interpreted and represented in different ways.


text:
In Memoriam Of 'Orange Is The New Black's Most Inspiring Inmate
By Kayla Cobb Twitter @kaylcobb Jun 28, 2016 at 9:00am
Spoilers ahead. If you haven't finished Season Four of Orange is the New Black by now, then I have some bleak news for you. It doesn't end on a happy note. Instead, it ends with the accidental death of one of the most compelling background characters to ever grace television dead on the cafeteria floor. It ends with the ever-dynamic Poussey Washington's death and Litchfield's ensuing riot. It's an action packed last couple of episodes that would feel out of place if the season had concluded with any other inmate's death.
Before, I discussed how this character death brought relevance back to the concept of television deaths, but Poussey (played by Samira Wiley) deserves more than just a think piece. Her fictional life deserves to be celebrated. In a sea of inmates constantly focused on hurting one another, getting revenge, starting crime rings, and generally becoming worse people, Poussey stood as the single consistently good force amidst a sea of inmate insanity.
Poussey has been our grounding force since we were first introduced to her in Season One. While Piper (Taylor Schilling) was still learning the ever-complicated ropes of prison life and we were still deciding whether or not we liked Piper, Poussey and her BFF Taystee (Danielle Brooks) stood on the sidelines, occasionally offering Piper some advice, but mostly dancing and keeping each other entertained. This best friend duo served as a much anticipated source of comedy relief, and their friendships was one of the few things that made Piper's constant whining and Larry's (Jason Biggs) onscreen presence tolerable. Do you remember their impressions of white people? To this day, I hope I can bring someone as much joy as those brief 40 seconds brought me.
Taystee and Poussey quickly became fan favorites, so when Season Two's Taystee-focused storyline was revealed, we expected nothing but good things. Finally, we get to see even more of these two characters and this goal-inspiring friendship. Unfortunately, that's exactly what we got, but the circumstances, directed by the borderline evil Vee (Lorraine Toussaint), were far less light-hearted and far more sinister. In her quest to regain her Taystee girl, Vee did everything she could to drive a wedge between arguably the best OITNB best friend pairing, and it worked. Season Two found Poussey alone and in danger, one of the only members of her friends who could see the true evil lurking underneath Vee. Sure, Vee's rule was overturned through the natural course of prison life and Taystee and Poussey eventually made up, but there was something so cathartically permanent about Vee's violent end of season death that I appreciate to this day.
However, Taystee and Poussey's relationship was just beginning to be tested. Up until this point, all of the conflicts the duo had experienced had been filtered through Taystee, but Season Two also took the time to explore Poussey's demons and desires. This was the season when Poussey, who was once kicked out of West Point for defending her girlfriend, finally revealed that she wanted something more out of their relationship. It didn't last because Taystee is very much straight. However, this plotline gave these dimensional characters even more depth. We learned that Poussey wasn't blameless; she was capable of selfishly pressuring her friend into a relationship. We also learned that Taystee loved her bestie enough to at least try to appease her. This plotline revealed that, no, Litchfield isn't a magical land filled with gay and bi unicorns. There are inmates who steadfastly identify as straight — a return to sexual "expectations" that oddly worked to make the sexual politics of the series feel even more grounded.
Poussey's increasing romantic loneliness was explored in greater detail during Season Three. During a season that was defined by insane and sexy relationships (Morello's marriage and Amber Rose's existence come to mind) it was Poussey's vulnerable lack of love that defined her this season. The most important thing Poussey revealed in Season Three is that, for the sake of her sanity and liver, she desperately needed a girlfriend. That and Poussey can make some damn good hooch.
All of this led up to arguably Poussey's greatest moment — Season Four. We should have known she was wasn't going to last; all the signs were there. Poussey was happily best friends again with Taystee. She finally had a girlfriend, the refreshingly calmed down Soso (Kimiko Glenn). She was even incarcerated with to her idol, Judy King (Blair Brown), OITNB's Martha Stewart and Paula Deen hybrid. This season brought us a peaceful and happy Poussey before snatching away the character we had been steadily falling in love with for four years. But in that final episode, we were finally able to see that Poussey was just as engaging and full of life outside of prison as she was in Litchfield.
Rest in peace, Poussey Washington. We will all miss you.
[Where to watch Orange is the New Black]
Photos: Netflix


text:
Os mamertinos (em osco: mamertini, "filhos de Marte") era mercenários de origem itálica originários da Campânia e que foram contratados por Agátocles (361–289 a.C.), o tirano de Siracusa e auto-proclamado "rei da Sicília". Depois que Siracusa perdeu a Terceira Guerra Siciliana, em 307 a.C., a cidade de Messana foi cedida para Cartago. Quando Agátocles morreu, em 289 a.C., muitos de seus mercenários ficaram ociosos e desempregados na Sicília. A maioria deles voltou para a Campânia, mas alguns, apreciadores do clima e do prospecto de aventuras numa ilha estrangeira, ficaram e tiveram um papel importante nas guerras seguintes na região.

Em 280 a.C., os siracusanos pediram ajuda ao rei Pirro do Epiro contra os mamertinos, levando a Guerra Pírrica para a Sicília.

Captura de Messana

O pequeno e desesperado bando de mercenários desempregados chegou até a colônia grega de Messana (a moderna Messina, construída numa localização estratégica na ponta nordeste da Sicília dominando o estreito que separa a Itália da Sicília. Juntamente com a fortaleza de Régio, do outro lado do estrado, era o principal ponto de cruzamento entre as duas regiões. Sendo um povo pacífico, os habitantes abrigaram os mercenários em suas casas. Depois de um tempo, cansados do marasmo, eles tramaram para tomar a cidade. Uma noite, depois de traírem seus anfitriões, os mercenários assassinaram a maior parte da população, pega completamente despreparada, e reivindicaram a cidade para si. Os messanos sobreviventes foram expulsos e suas propriedades e mulheres foram divididos entre os invasores. Depois de sua vitória, os mercenários passaram a se auto-denominar "mamertinos", uma homenagem ao deus osco Mamers, incorporado como uma manifestação de Marte na religião romana.

Domínio sobre o nordeste da Sicília
Os mamertinos conseguiram manter o controle sobre Messana por mais de vinte anos e cidade deixou de ser uma vibrante cidade de fazendeiros e comerciantes para se tornar uma base de raides. Os mamertinos tornaram-se piratas em terra e no mar. Aproveitando-se da índole pacífica dos sicilianos, eles saquearam os assentamentos vizinhos e capturaram muitos navios mercantes incautos no estreito, levando o butim de volta para sua nova capital. Eles também capturavam prisioneiros para depois cobrar resgate. Neste período, os mamertinos cunharam moedas com seu nome e com imagens de seus deuses e deusas. Neste período, enriqueceram imensamente e se tornaram uma potência regional, o que lhes permitiu navegar cada vez mais para o interior, chegando até Gela, exigindo subornos para evitar saques.

Declínio
A presença mamertina não ficou sem contestação por muito tempo. Por volta de 270 a.C., suas ações chamaram a atenção do Reino de Siracusa, especialmente por causa do influxo de refugiados dos assentamentos vizinhos. Hierão II, o tirano da cidade, começou a juntar um exército de cidadãos para livrar seu território dos invasores e para resgatar todos os gregos aprisionados. Hierão se encontrou com os mamertinos quando eles já se aproximavam de Siracusa. Saindo com suas tropas, ele primeiro enviou à frente seus próprios mercenários, de difícil controle, e permitiu que eles fossem massacrados pelos mamertinos. Com a parte mais desleal de seu exército destruída, Hierão marchou seus soldados cidadãos de volta para a cidade e iniciou forte treinamento para melhorar suas condições de combate. Liderando seu confiante exército para o norte, Hierão encontrou os mamertinos novamente no rio Longano, na planície de Milas, onde os derrotou com facilidade e proclamou-se rei da Sicília. Os mamertinos não estavam acostumados a grandes batalhas campais e haviam ficado imprudentes depois de terrem derrotado os mercenários de Hierão. Na batalha, Hierão capturou os líderes mamertinos e os sobreviventes correram de volta para Messana, o que os colocou numa difícil situação.

Quando Hierão retornou para cercar Messana, em 265 a.C., os mamertinos pediram ajuda de uma frota cartaginesa vizinha, que ocupou o porto de Messana. Percebendo o movimento, as forças siracusanas se retiraram, pois não queriam iniciar uma guerra contra Cartago. Desconfortáveis sob a "proteção" cartaginesa, os mamertinos apelaram então aos romanos, desejando passar para a esfera de influência de Roma. A princípio, os romanos não quiseram ajudar mercenários que haviam injustamente roubado uma cidade de seus donos de direito. Porém, não queriam também que o poder de Cartago se espalhasse ainda mais pela Sicília, especialmente num ponto tão próximo da Itália, e acabaram aceitando a aliança. Em resposta, Siracusa se aliou a Cartago, pedindo a "proteção" deles. Com Roma e Cartago arrastadas para o conflito, a disputa siracusana-mamertina escalou para se tornar a Primeira Guerra Púnica.

Ironicamente, uma vez que a escala do conflito atingiu esta grande proporção, os mamertinos desapareceram do registro histórico e não se sabe o seu destino depois de terem sido engolidos pelos eventos maiores das Guerras Púnicas.

Legado
Depois da Primeira Guerra Púnica, os mamertinos desapareceram, embora seu nome não tenha sido esquecido no mundo anterior por causa do "vinho mamertino", fabricado nos vinhedos do nordeste da Sicília, muito conhecido e apreciado no século I. Era o favorito de Júlio César e foi ele que o tornou popular depois de servi-lo num banquete celebrando seu terceiro consulado.

Mesmo séculos depois da ocupação mamertina, os habitantes de Messana ainda eram chamados de mamertinos.

Ligações externas

Mercenários
Magna Grécia
Inimigos e aliados da Roma Antiga
Guerra Pírrica
Primeira Guerra Púnica
História da Sicília

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Search for missing persons
Search of debtors
Search for people
Подружня зрада
Ознаки зради
Виявлення невірності
Corporate investigation with the introduction of an employee
Checking the lifestyle
Checking the lifestyle of children
Genealogical tree ( family tree)
Identifying fake bride
Carrying out test purchases (Mystery shopper)
Security services with real estate
Security in the internet
Infidelity on the Internet
Service of odservation
Foto-video observation
To collect information
Lie detector test (the polygraph)
Famous detectives
Detective Arkady Franzevich Koshko
Detective Allan Nathaniel Pinkerton
The detective Eugène François Vidocq
Detective Ivan Dmitrievich Putilin
Guarantees Detective
Detective work
Law of detective
Confidence of the detective
The responsibility for the disclosure of information
Royalties of the detective
Detective`s corporate solidarity
Conflict of interest detective
Principal to the detective
Basics morality detectives
Professional secret of the detective
Independent detective
Private detective ~ History
History of Private investigation
The founders of a private investigation business are considered to be two people.
It is a former French chief of the judicial police ( "Surete") Eugène François Vidocq (1775-1857) and the American Nathaniel Allan Pinkerton (1819-1884). Thanks Vidocq and Pinkerton private investigation has become one of the types of business, representing the market detective services on a reimbursable basis. Subjects of private investigation – as a business – have become private investigators and detective agencies.
In the USA, the first private detective agency arose in that period, when the system of police authorities have yet formed. At that time there was not a city police services or the Federal Police. Against this background, and any detective agency, which on behalf of the individuals involved in the disclosure of various criminal offenses carried out customer orders to search for missing persons and various assets.
So, as the beginning of the private investigation business I put Eugène François Vidocq. Vidocq was a typical adventurer. In his younger years he had the opportunity to play on the stage and serve in the army, steal and cheat, fight duels, and start many romance novels. For several years he spent in prison and the convict on the galleys. But in the end Vidocq went to the police. For 18 years of service in the Surete Vidocq exposed about 20 thousand criminals. However, he was dismissed in 1828 as "a former thief." And then, thinking about how to earn a living, he came to productive thoughts. In 1834, Vidocq established "Bureau of Investigation for trade." The subscription fee for its services initially was 200 francs a year. "Subscribe to our services – called Vidocq – and you will never become a victim of scams and other fraud. We warn in time and take care to catch your impostor. " A year later he was already 4000 subscribers. They were merchants, bankers and industrialists. Lure in your business most able colleagues serving in Surete, Vidocq earned at the end of his career up to six million francs per year.
The first American detective agency appeared in Chicago in 1850. It was created by a native of Glasgow (Scotland), a former cooper Nathaniel Allan Pinkerton. Initially, the agency specialized in the capture of the train robbers and burglars safe, but then expanded the scope of its activities. In 1892, there were fifteen agencies. In 1929, the United States acted in a thousand detective agencies, each of which has a large peripheral network. Currently in the USA there are more than 3500 detective agencies, offices and companies. In New York City alone there are 713 registered private detective agencies and twice no longer registered.
In Canada, in addition to a whole army of private detectives- singles, there are about 200 private firms engaged in the detective business.
In France, officially registered about 300 private detective bureau, and besides them there are hundreds of "unauthorized" detective offices, called "monitoring service", "Supervision Bureau," and so on.
In the UK, there are a few large and many small private detective agencies. In total there are about 2,000 private detectives serving detective bureau.
In other words, in the industrialized countries, the private detective has become one of the most powerful commercial sectors.
Detective Arkady Franzevich Koshko Arkady Franzevich Koshko (1867-?) The famous Russian detective At a meeting in 1913 in Switzerland, the International Congress of Russian investigating police detective in the "crime detection" has been recognized as the best in the world. And no wonder: the detective led the Russian Empire "the main investigator of Russia", "Russian […]
Detective Allan Nathaniel Pinkerton Alan Pinkerton Detective Nathaniel (1819-1884). From the history of private investigation. In the USA, the first private detective agency emerged in the middle of the XIX century, when the system of police authorities have yet formed. At that time there was not a city police services or the Federal Police. […]
Detective Ivan Dmitrievich Putilin Ivan Dmitrievich Putilin (1830- 1889) This famous Russian detective. Detective Ivan Dmitrievich Putilin was born in 1830 into a poor family of collegiate registrar Novy Oskol. At twenty-three years, Ivan D. entered the service in the police received a junior assistant to the warden quarterly Tolkuchem market. In the first years […]
The detective Eugène François Vidocq The detective Eugène François Vidocq (1775-1857) The founder of the first in the history of the detective agency Eugène Vidocq was an adventurer and a criminal. He had a chance to serve in the army, to play on the stage, steal and rob, fight duels. For many years he […]
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I love the style, quick and hard edges together with the washed out color palette gives an image of everyday ongoings a very grungy and bleak feel.
Thank you. It is nice to know what provokes on another person.


Career advice [edit entries> resume writing course |Hiwork, the work-info search site for foreign employment and job transitioning in Japan!
You can buy resume forms at any convenience store or supermarket. Choose a form suitable for the purpose and type of job you are applying for.
Submit your resume with a photo. There are instant ID photo booths around train stations you can utilize for this. Dress formally, face the camera, and make sure your mouth is closed.
Write clearly with a ball-point pen. Do not use a corrective pen! Write the first draft with a pencil or on a separate piece of paper.
Make sure the overall letter size is uniform and twice the size of the printed letters on the resume.
Make sure all areas are complete and without typos, and lightly erase the pencil writing.
Leave a copy of your written resume. It will serve as reference when you make multiple submissions.


text:
David Charles Olney (* 23. März 1948 in Providence, Rhode Island; † 18. Januar 2020 in Santa Rosa Beach, Florida) war ein US-amerikanischer Singer-Songwriter. In seiner Karriere arbeitete er mit Musikern wie Emmylou Harris und Linda Ronstadt zusammen.

Leben
David Olney besuchte die University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, verließ sie jedoch ohne Abschluss. 1971 wurde er Mitglied in der Band Simpson, mit der er im selben Jahr ein Album veröffentlichte. 1972 zog Olney nach Atlanta, 1973 nach Nashville.

Nach seinem Umzug nach Nashville und Versuchen einer Solokarriere gründete er die Band The X-Rays, mit denen er zwei Alben bei Rounder Records veröffentlichte, Fernsehauftritte absolvierte und als Vorband von Elvis Costello auftrat. 1985 löste sich die Gruppe auf.

1986 erschien Olneys Debüt-Soloalbum Eye of the Storm bei Rounder Records. Bis zu seinem Tod folgten 27 weitere Alben unter verschiedenen Labels. Zudem arbeitete Olney als Songwriter für andere bekannte Musiker. So schrieb er einzelne Lieder für Emmylou Harris (Alben Cowgirl's Prayer und Wrecking Ball), Linda Ronstadt (für Feels like Home), Mimi Fariña oder Tim O'Brien. Townes Van Zandt bezeichnete den mit ihm befreundeten Olney als einen der besten Songwriter, dessen Songs er je gehört hätte.

David Olney lebte bis zu seinem Tod in Nashville, war verheiratet und hatte zwei Kinder. Er starb am 18. Januar 2020 im Alter von 71 Jahren während eines Auftritts beim 30A Songwriter Festival in Santa Rosa Beach an den Folgen eines Herzinfarkts.

Soloalben

Weblinks

 Internetauftritt David Olneys (englisch)
 Nachruf zu David Olney auf Billboard.com (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Singer-Songwriter
Folksänger
Musiker (Vereinigte Staaten)
Person (Nashville)
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1948
Gestorben 2020
Mann


text:
St Olave's
Visit St Olave
Christian Courses
History and Architecture
Giving to St Olave's
St Olave
8 Hart Street, London
admin@saintolave.com
St Olave's survives as a rare example of the mediaeval churches that existed before the Great Fire of London in 1666. The flames came within 100 metres or so of the building but then the wind changed direction, saving a number of churches on the eastern side of the City.
Monument to Sir James Deane (1608)
photo David Iliff
The church was severely damaged in the bombing of World War II, but enough of the fabric and original masonry was spared to permit the building to be lovingly restored in the 1950s and to continue its life and work into the second half of the 20th century and now the 21st.
People entering St Olave's for the first time are frequently surprised to find the timeless atmosphere of a modest ancient parish church in the heart of the modern City and this surprise more often than not yields to increasing delight as they explore its interior. This truth about St Olave's was well expressed by The Revd Augustus Powell Miller, the Rector who saw through the post-war restoration:
'Often we remind ourselves that we are the heirs of nine centuries of Christian worship on this hallowed site. For all those long years… the praises of God and the prayers of His people have been ascending to the Throne of grace from this place. The very mental and spiritual atmosphere which you breathe as you step out of Hart Street into this Sanctuary has been gradually created by the worshippers of the past. And many times in recent days when visitors have come in to see the restored church they have confessed to having paused; they entered to view what the craftsmen had wrought but had to own their consciousness of its hallowed atmosphere. "Other men have laboured" and we, in the mercy of God have been given the privilege of "entering into their labours." In the quiet and silence of this Sanctuary we can know that "we are compassed about with a great cloud of witnesses," and that the past mingles with the present and can inspire us for whatever tasks the future has in store for us.'
A published history of the church available to purchase from the church office.
Baptism of Christ
Copyright © St Olave Hart Street 2019 all rights reserved.
St Olave's Church, 8 Hart Street, London EC3R 7NB | 020 7488 4318
St Olave. All Rights Reserved Theme by Grace Themes


We are looking for a agents and distributors of our services through out Europe.
Partnering with Promonitor provides excellent opportunities to grow your customer base and enhance your revenue by offering manufacturers one of the leading solutions for equipment, logistics monitoring and optimization.
We aim to be your partner in a long term perspective.


text:
Q: Specify filename when using httr to POST file in R Trying to upload a datafile from R using httr POST.  The following almost works but I need to specify the filename, e.g. "mydata.csv".  How do I specify the filename?  It's blank when it reaches the server.
POST(uri, body=list(y=upload_file(filename)))

In curl one would specify it with a -F name=filename as in :
curl -i -F name=test -F filedata=@localfile.jpg http://example.org/upload

How to POST multipart/related content with httr (for Google Drive API)

A: The -F flag allows you to pass additional form values with your POST. You can do that with httr by just adding more named elements to the body list.
POST("http://example.org/upload", body=list(name="test.csv", filedata=upload_file(filename, "text/csv")))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Instagram Playback 2021 feature: How to see, share, and tweak
Hindidroid
Gray Frame Corner
Instagram has launched a new Playback feature for users on the image and video sharing platform, offering a recap of the best Stories they posted in 2021.
By: SHUBH
HindiDROID Story
Instagram Playback will select 10 stories for each user from the archive of stories that they posted over the year. Users can, however, edit these stories and add/remove some of them to customise the list as per their liking.
After customising, the Playback can then be shared with your friends via your story. The feature is expected to be popular among Instagram users who will get a chance to re-share their top stories from the past year.
Instagram users will see a message on the top of their feed inviting them to check out their Playback. You can enter the Playback customisation page from here and follow the on-screen instructions to get your own Playback ready.
How to share your Instagram Playback?
Users can choose a maximum of 10 stories for their 2021 playback. Users can also add links, stickers, etc to these older Stories.
This is not the first time Instagram has rolled out a feature targeted at an end-of-the-year compilation. The app's top-nine photo grid was a very popular addition to the platform when it rolled out years ago.
With the new Instagram Playback feature, the platform has finally brought back a version of the top-nine feature. However, it is for stories this time around and not posts. The Playback feature is also a limited-time addition, and will likely disappear by the end of the year.
Top phones under 30000 in Dec 2021
Oppo ColorOS 12 Global Update Plan December 2021


How do I get listed as a Fundraiser?
Our site is completely free to use, so if you haven't signed up yet, head over to Create a Page. Once there, you'll complete a short form to create your Fundraising Page. The process is straightforward and you can create multiple Fundraising Pages.
How will I know if somebody sponsors me?
Once your Fundraising Page has been created, you'll receive notifications by email whenever somebody sponsors you. Unless they choose to be anonymous, the amount each person sponsors and any messages of encouragement will be posted on your Wonderful Fundraising Page too.
Can I list more than one fundraising activity?
Absolutely! You can take part in lots of events and create multiple Fundraising Pages to generate sponsorship opportunities for different charities.
What if I am unable to complete the event?
In effect, the Wonderful website operates as a donation website. Money from Sponsors' cards is collected at the point they donate and held in our bank account to pass to Charities each month. Since we are a non-profit organisation, any interest earned on funds in our bank account is also passed to Charities we support. Should you be unable to complete your event - for any reason - the Charity you are supporting will still receive the payment made by your Sponsors.
Can I choose which Charities to support?
Yes. And we'll be adding more Charities to the site over the coming weeks with a commitment to cover causes close to as many of your hearts as we can. If a Charity you'd like to support isn't listed, please let them know by sending them a link to our Charities Page.
If you create a Fundraising Page with us, EVERY PENNY of Gift Aid is for the charity you are supporting. We do not make deductions from Gift Aid to cover our own costs or generate profit. Please note, the rules applying to Gift Aid must be followed.
Encourage your sponsors to provide a single name and address for donations - which will be used ONLY for the purposes of Gift Aid administration. Some activities (for example cake sales and jumble sales, or where a series of donations are collected together) are NOT eligible for Gift Aid. For this reason, when you choose certain themes for your Fundraising Page, you may notice that the Gift Aid option has been removed. For further information about Gift Aid rules, we encourage you to read these Guidance Notes from HMRC.
How do I sponsor somebody?
More frequently than not, you'll have been directed to a Fundraising Page created by a friend, relative or colleague, perhaps taking part in a run, swim, skydive or similar activity to raise money for a Charity. To sponsor, simply complete the short form on the Fundraising Page, adding your name and some words of encouragement if you like. (If you'd prefer your sponsorship to be anonymous, leave those fields blank.) You will be asked for an email address which is used only by our card processor, Stripe, to forward a receipt for your donation. Your email address will be used for NO other purpose.
Do you charge me to sponsor / donate?
We DO NOT charge you to sponsor a Fundraiser. If you donate £10, your card will be debited by £10 and not a penny more. Any costs associated with ensuring the Charity receives the full £10 are borne by our Corporate Sponsors to ensure your generosity is directed IN FULL to the Charity which you and your Fundraiser are supporting. Remember, if you are eligible, please also check the Gift Aid consent box meaning your £10 is turned into £12.50 (further information below).
How do I find a Fundraiser on the website?
You can use the search box on our home page to search for a Fundraiser by name. If you know it, adding the name of their event may help narrow the search and yield better results.
If you are a UK taxpayer and you have paid - in the current tax year - the same amount or more in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax as the value of your donation, please check the Gift Aid consent box which allows the charity you are supporting to boost your donation by 25p for each £1.00 you donate.
In order to collect Gift Aid, we will need to collect your name and address. These details will be used solely for Gift Aid administration. Some activities (for example cake sales and jumble sales, or where a series of donations are collected together) are NOT eligible for Gift Aid. For further information about Gift Aid rules, we encourage you to read these Guidance Notes from HMRC.
How much will the charities receive?
Our Charities receive 100% of your donation. We deduct NOTHING for providing this service because all of our operating costs are covered separately by our wonderfully generous Corporate Sponsors. We are a non-profit business, which means every donation is passed in full to our Charities. In short, we're not in it for ourselves. We're doing this because we want to be as Wonderful as our Fundraisers, Sponsors and Charities!
What if the Fundraiser doesn't compete the event?
In effect, the Wonderful website operates as a Charity donation website. Once you sponsor a Fundraiser, the money is taken immediately from your card and held to pay the Charity. We pay Charities each month and, since we are a non-profit, any interest earned on funds in our account is also passed to our Charities. Should the Fundraiser be unable to complete the event - for whatever reason - the Charity you are supporting will still receive your kind donation. We're sorry that we are unable to offer refunds but do remember: EVERY penny goes to the Charity. Nobody other than the Charity is benefiting from your generosity.
Wonderful believes that donations to Charities are important, and are a wonderful thing. Because of this, we only provide refunds under exceptional circumstances. If your Fundraiser does not complete the challenge they set for themselves, you cannot request a refund of your donation. If you change your mind about donating, or donate to the wrong page by accident we will be unable to offer a refund. Please ensure that you are sure you wish to make your donation before donating via the Wonderful service.
Under exceptional circumstances such as payment disputes or technical website issues, donation refunds may be authorised in order to resolve a serious problem. If you believe your issue falls under such circumstances, please contact us providing as much information as possible so that we can consider your request. Where a refund is issued, there will be no fee for receiving that refund.
How is the Wonderful Organisation funded?
Every aspect of our operation is funded by Corporate Sponsors. This includes our office space, development, customer service, web hosting, accountancy and legal services, card processing fees. This ensures that Wonderful Charities receive EVERY penny raised through the generosity of our Fundraisers and Sponsors.
How frequently do Charities get paid?
We transfer all funds and consent details for Gift Aid on a monthly basis. Payment is made by bank transfer to Charities' nominated accounts. Any interest earned on funds in the Wonderful Organisation bank account is transferred to Charities on the basis of funds raised for each (i.e. proportionally). Interest is distributed at the end of our financial year.
Details relating to Gift Aid consent are passed to our Charities with each monthly funds transfer. Gift Aid information is delivered to Charities as a .CSV file.
Is the Wonderful Organisation a Charity too?
We are a non-profit company limited by guarantee. All of our costs are covered by our Corporate Sponsors. Unfortunately, Charity Commission rules do not allow us to operate as a charity. Although operating as a Charity would reduce our own costs (allowing us to support even greater fundraising activity for our Charities), we understand and accept the Charity Commission's position.
What do you need from Charities?
Other than a few words describing the work of your Charity (this helps our Fundraisers and Sponsors decide which charities they'd like to support and is also used in our monthly "Featured Charities" home page section), we seek nothing in return - although, given our modest marketing budget (which we don't want to eat into at the expense of other costs borne by our Corporate Sponsors) a little help promoting our work would always be appreciated!
- Make formal contact with our complaints handler at [email protected] in the first instance letting us know your complaint and what your desired solution would be.
- Give us a chance to carry out any required investigation and respond. We will respond to all formal complaints within 48 hours and we'll let you know if we need more time.
Please note that whilst Wonderful will always do what is reasonably acceptable to rectify issues that arise, it has limited control/influence over external entities such as individual charities or fundraisers. Where an external entity that has a relationship with Wonderful leads to a complaint, Wonderful will take the appropriate actions within its means, including reporting any incidents to the appropriate authorities or regulatory bodies.
How are donations protected against fraud?
Wonderful currently only allows donations to be made to registered charities. Each charity is manually vetted by a member of the Wonderful team before appearing on the website. This involves, among other security measures, contacting charity representatives directly, carrying out checks on charity websites and social media channels, and cross-checking the official data provided by the relevant charity register for each region. In the event that these measures fail to prevent the approval of a charity that is subsequently discovered to be fraudulent, Wonderful will carry out a thorough investigation.
Wonderful takes fraud extremely seriously and will take all necessary steps following an investigation, including reporting directly to the relevant charity commission and other relevant authorities including Action Fraud. If any donations are retained or recovered by Wonderful in the event of fraudulent activity, contact will be made to all parties involved and steps will be taken to ensure any funds are returned to their rightful place.
If your question isn't answered here, please get in touch.


text:
El fuerte Al Koot, conocido habitualmente como el fuerte de Doha, es una fortaleza militar histórica situada en el centro de Doha, la capital de Catar. Fue construido en 1927 por el jeque Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani, que gobernó Catar desde 1913 hasta 1949, después de que el jeque Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani, hermano de Abdullah, abdicara a favor de él. El fuerte fue transformado posteriormente en un museo.

El fuerte alberga productos artesanales tradicionales cataríes, objetos cotidianos e imágenes de la vida diaria. Las exposiciones incluyen productos artesanales, ornamentos de yeso y madera, barcos y equipamiento de pesca, fotografías y dibujos históricos, incluidas pinturas al óleo de artesanos y escenas de la vida diaria.

Historia
El fuerte Al Koot fue reconstruido en 1927 por el jeque Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani, después de que fuera abandonado por los otomanos. Había sido construido originalmente en 1880 para que sirviera como una comisaría de policía y posteriormente fue usado como cárcel a partir de 1906, aunque algunas fuentes sostienen que fue construido por el jeque Abdullah para proteger el Souq Waqif de ladrones conocidos. También fue renovado en 1978. Durante todo ese tiempo, fue uno de los fuertes más importantes del país.

Geografía
El fuerte Al Koot está situado en el barrio de Al Bidda, en medio del famoso Souq Waqif, cerca de la corniche de Doha, y actualmente es un importante monumento, museo y atracción turística, especialmente para los extranjeros.

Véase también
 Fuerte de Zubarah

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Al Koot fort | Qatar Visitor - Travel Guide to Doha & Qatar

Edificios y estructuras terminadas en 1880
Museos de Doha
Fuertes


text:
Rolling coal continues to be an issue
Authorities have caught on to "rolling coal" exhaust, and they are not amused. Image from Wikimedia Commons.
There's a particularly annoying action undertaken by the sort of people who lust after their sisters, called "rolling coal" – which is essentially disabling exhaust controls to produce voluminous smoke from diesel pickups. While the Deliverance crowd thinks it's hilarious, many are not amused.
Bills aimed at rolling coal at state and federal level
Rolling coal, as it's called, is a national phenomenon where people rebel against environmental regulations to basically be annoying. It isn't exactly new, as the mechanism by which it's achieved is fairly old. The basics are to hack a diesel pickup's exhaust system to produce great billows of smoke and augment the exahust output system with an enormous pipe.
The type that thinks it's awesome…well, you know them. They wear camo when they aren't hunting, think Budweiser is actually good, and their romantic guru is Jamie Lannister.
Various governmental bodies are not amused. A bill is going before the state legislature in Illinois, according to AutoBlog that would make the practice illegal, and the feds, according to AutoGuide, have a bill before Congress to amend the Environmental Protection Act to make augmenting exhaust systems to produce more smoke punishable by a $5,000 fine.
Prius repellent
Rolling coal is not new, as truck pull competitors have been known to augment exhausts for years in order to produce more smoke and look cool. It's just that in recent years, an assortment of bumpkins have taken to doing it everywhere else.
A diesel engine is most common, as they can produce blacker smoke. Newer models are easiest to modify; just like with boosting engine performance, you only need an ECU flash device to modify the exhaust by "tricking" the engine into boosting output from fuel injectors. Combine with a "smoke stack" exhaust and you're set up to put out enormous quantities of smoke.
The drivers of such vehicles use the resulting smog to envelop basically anyone they want in a cloud of smoke. It's annoying. On the highway, it's actually dangerous. One of the more popular uses is, according to Slate, is as "Prius repellant," blanketing hybrids with a cloud of black smoke.
In fairness, there are some upshots to coal rolling. Just like with what happened to cars with the advent of the catalytic converter, flashing the emissions controls provides a boost in horsepower and fuel economy; some have reported up to 30 percent gains in miles per gallon.
No excuse for being a pig
A lot of people like to cloak the practice of rolling coal in a pretense of protesting invasive regulation. How can the government, goes the common refrain, tell us what to do in our own cars? We buy them and we should get to do what we want!
Nobody says that as a defense for drunk driving, by the way, but then again the two things aren't directly comparable.
There are legitimate protests over excess regulation, but coal rolling isn't one. It's kind of like people who protest gun laws by carrying around an AR-15 in public; it only proves the person doing it is a petulant child.
Posted in Auto News | Tagged coal rolling, prius repellent, rolling coal


By now, you've probably seen a lot of studies about coffee — so many that it can be hard to know what's true about the caffeinated beverage and your health.
They concluded their findings provide "further reassurance that coffee drinking can be a part of a healthy diet" — but as always, more studies are still on the horizon. As Loftfield told Time, "Our current understanding of coffee and health is primarily based on findings from observational studies... To better understand the potential biological mechanisms underlying the observed associations of coffee with various health outcomes, additional studies are needed."
This is hardly the only study to show the positive health effects of coffee. In 2017, researchers also found that sipping the good stuff can may protect against age-related inflammation; another found that it can even help improve your athletic performance. The year before, a study showed it could reduce your risk of diabetes — and that's just a small sampling of the research on the topic.


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