We have proudly serviced thousands of lawns across Central Texas.
We have seen a lot since 2006, but here are some of the common things we encounter.
St. Augustine grass is a warm season lawn grass that is popular for use in tropical and subtropical regions. It is a low to medium maintenance grass that forms a thick, carpet-like lawn, crowding out most weeds and other grasses. While it is very popular in Central Texas, it can be prone to drought stress in the hot summer months without proper watering. Common St. Augustine issues are brown patch fungus, leafspot fungus, chinch bugs and grub worms.
Bermuda grass is native to warm temperate to tropical regions such as the Sunbelt area of the United States. Bermuda grasses are valued for their drought tolerance compared to most other lawn grasses. Common Bermuda grass problems are grubworms, bermuda mites, leaf spot disease and occasional fungi. If your lawn is 80% in the sun or higher, then Bermuda grass is the grass for you. It loves the sun.
Zoysia can tolerate wide variations in temperature, sunlight, and water, these grasses are among the most widely used for lawns in temperate climates. They are used on golf courses to create fairways and teeing areas. Zoysia is excellent at repelling weeds throughout the year. Zoysia is a slow growing grass, so recovery from damage takes a while and that is why preventative measures are best used with Zoysia grass.
Buffalo is a difficult grass to work with. It's often touted as being more drought tolerant than other grasses, but Bermuda grass is just as drought tolerant and not nearly so problematic. You can't treat weeds with buffalo grass. We don't recommend that you plant this type of turf in your yard.
This is a broad-leaf weed that will bloom in early springtime and is probably one of the most plentiful weeds in Central Texas. It has rounded leaves with notched edges that grow every inch or so on a square stem. The stems are pretty weak so the taller the plant gets the more it tends to lean over. The flower is a purple color that blooms at the very top of the plant. Left unchecked it can easily take over large areas of your lawn. It is best to get a pre-emergent down in winter but it can be controlled with our broad-leaf weed controls.
Another common disease in Central Texas is Leaf Spot and it is commonly seen in late spring to early summer in lawns that get a lot of moisture. Individual blades will have small brown spots that are usually oval and have a darker brown border. Damage from leaf spot can cause problems during the summer when the damaged areas can't handle the hot and dry conditions and die out. Early treatment with fungicides is best.
Take-All Patch is easily the most devastating lawn disease that we have in Central Texas. The disease does what its name describes and damages all part of the grass from the roots to the blades. It starts with yellowing of the blades but quickly turns to dead areas. The grass will be easy to pull up since the roots are gone and usually areas of bare dirt will appear. Fungicides are minimally helpful and early detection is key to preventing the damage from spreading.
Fire ants are not native to Central Texas and are often referred to as "imported", or Red Imported Fire Ants. Any given fire ant colony may have several queens, which are fed and protected by the workers. Fire ant queens can fly and often relocate a nest by flying to a new spot and beginning to lay eggs.
Fire ants bite aggressively when their nest is disturbed and bites can be extremely painful. Emerald Lawn service offers effective treatment for fire ants that lasts for up to one year with just one application.
Adult chinch bugs have slate-black bodies with silvery wings that cover most of their back. The color pattern on the wings and the overlap across the back give them an hourglass or crossed-arms pattern.
When a lawn is infested with chinch bugs, damage appears as orange, dead blades of grass, beginning in the hottest, driest areas. A lawn that has gone through drought stress is much more susceptible to a chinch bug infestation.
White grubs, or grub worms, are the larval stage of June bugs. These bugs live beneath the turf and can cause severe damage to the root system of grass and some shrubbery.
Though grubs are native to Texas and most lawns contain some presence of white grubs, an abundance in any particular area can cause massive damage that first appears as drought stress, and can destroy an entire lawn. White grubs have a white colored body with a reddish-brown head and can typically be found during the early summer beneath the soil surface.
Mites are very small, only 1/100" in size, so they cannot be seen with the naked eye.
The mites feed under the leaf sheaths, sucking sap from the plants. The can go from egg to adult in 7-10 days, so the population can quickly explode into a damaging level in the turf. As the mites feed on bermudagrass, the plants shrivel and develop a "witches broom" effect or what looks like a tufted growth on the stem. Yellowing and wilting then can occur, giving the appearance of drought stress and thinning turf.
Armyworm outbreaks are difficult to predict but infestations seem to occur in portions of the state every year especially after early fall rains. Damage consists of foliage consumption. The small larvae will chew the green layer from the leaves and leave a clearing or "windowpane" effect.
The adult fall armyworm moth has a wingspan of about 1.5 in. The hind wings are white; the front wings are dark gray, mottled with lighter and darker splotched. On male moths, each forewing has a noticeable whitish spot near the extreme tip.
Powdery mildew is caused by a fungus and is seen as a light gray or whitish powder on the surface of leaves. It occurs following warm days and cool nights often being seen in the fall and spring. Even though each species of powdery mildew attacks only a narrow range of hosts, there are 11,000 species of the powdery mildew fungi, and many ornamentals are hosts. Superficial powdery patches appear on leaf surfaces, young stems, flowers, and even fruit.
Black mildew and sooty mold are often used interchangeably though sooty mold should be used for the black mold that grows on insect excrement (honeydew) that can coat the leaves, stems, and/or fruit of plants. The mold is not parasitic but can reduce the leave's photosynthetic ability by blocking out light. It is a common indication that the plant is infested with piercing-sucking insects, such as aphids, scale, mealybugs, or whiteflies. Sooty mold can be removed by washing it off with warm soapy water. Controlling the insects that are causing the honeydew is required for long-term control.
You might want to know how to identify aphids. It's simple, really. You need to keep an eye out for black, sooty mold on your greens. This mold is caused by an abundance of aphids.
Spider mites are less than 1 mm (0.04 in) in size and vary in color. They lay small, spherical, initially transparent eggs and many species spin silk webbing to help protect the colony from predators; they get the "spider" part of their common name from this webbing.
Caterpillars are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths).
Caterpillars, as a rule, are voracious feeders and many of them are among the most serious of agricultural pests. In fact, many moth species are best known in their caterpillar stages because of the damage they cause to fruits and other agricultural produce, whereas the moths are obscure and do no direct harm.
Although several species of whitefly may cause some crop losses simply by sucking sap when they are very numerous, the major harm they do is indirect. Firstly, like many other sap-sucking Hemiptera, they secrete large amounts of honeydew that support unsightly or harmful infestations of sooty mold. Secondly,they inject saliva that may harm the plant more than either the mechanical damage of feeding or the growth of the fungi. However, by far their major importance as crop pests is their transmission of diseases of plants.
The Tingidae are a family of very small (2–10 mm (0.08–0.39 in)) insects in the order Hemiptera that are commonly referred to as lace bugs.
They are called lace bugs because the pronotum and forewings of the adult have a delicate and intricate network of divided areas that resemble lace. Their body appearance is flattened dorsoventrally and they can be broadly oval or slender. Often, the head is concealed under the hood-like pronotum.
Lace bugs are usually host-specific and can be very destructive to plants. Most feed on the undersides of leaves by piercing the epidermis and sucking the sap. The then empty cells give the leaves a bronzed or silvery appearance. Each individual usually completes its entire lifecycle on the same plant, if not the same part of the plant.
Scale insects vary dramatically in appearance; from very small organisms (1–2 mm) that grow beneath wax covers (some shaped like oyster shells, others like mussel shells), to shiny pearl-like objects (about 5 mm), to creatures covered with mealy wax. Adult female scales are almost always immobile (aside from mealybugs) and permanently attached to the plant they have parasitized. They secrete a waxy coating for defense; this coating causes them to resemble reptilian scales or fish scales, hence their common name.
Most scale insects are parasites of plants, feeding on sap drawn directly from the plant's vascular system.
Get a Green and Weed-Free Lawn with Emerald Lawns!


Covering the whole of West Midlands and all surrounding areas.
Our services cover all West Midlands postcodes.
JG Pest Control service thousands of households and commercial clients, our clients include Tesco, Asda, The Cooperative, McDonalds and Holiday Inn amongst many other high profile companies. If you require pest control. West Midlands based JG Pest Control are the company you can trust. We provide the highest level of customer care and good value of a small company as well as the reliability and quick response of a large company. This makes us the best pest control company in West Midlands.
Pest Control services operating in and around the West Midlands area.
If you have been unfortunate enough to experience bed bugs, JG Pest Control pride ourselves on being the leading provider of specialist bed bug treatments. Our treatments are guaranteed and will provide you with the quickest eradication in the industry, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
Our service is guaranteed and we can probably get out to you as early as today or tomorrow! You can be wasp free within a few hours leaving you to enjoy your home or garden as normal, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
Our bird proofing solutions are tailor made and the highest standard in the UK. We are well known for our specialist bird team, you can count on us for the highest standards and quality and of course we are fully certified and accredited beyond the standard requirements, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
Being experts in insect control, cockroach treatments are one of the things we are best at. Being one of the industry leaders our cockroach treatments are unmatched by anyone else. We provide guarantees with all treatments and offer the quickest possible eradication through various pest control methods, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
If you are concerned and would like to know what we can do for you, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
If you have experienced a problem with these pests then our insect control team will be able to help you, we provide a rapid response meaning we will usually be able to get a pest control specialist over to you the same or next day, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
Fully insured and certified JG are the leading company in the area, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
Our targeted chemical treatments are also extremely effective, depending on your situation we will advise and treat accordingly, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
As they winged or flying ants cause a problem in the warm weather, however ants pose a problem year round. Whether you have a problem with black ants, red ants, tropical or ghost ants or pharaoh ants, JG pest control are a specialist in the eradication and control of these insects, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
The good news is, we pride ourselves on being the specialist spider pest control company in the UK. So whatever your spider problem consists of, we can help, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
Bee nests can be found in holes in brick work, in your loft or holes in the ground and they pose a significant threat around children or venerable people groups, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
Our mole trapping and eradication services for the West Midlands and surrounding areas are extremely effective and of course guaranteed, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
It is well publicised that foxes pose an immediate threat to children and pets and because of this there is a strong need to control foxes, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
JG provide effective squirrel control and proofing. It is not just the annoying scratching and fumbling in the attic that you need to worry about, squirrels are known to cause significant damage to belongings and structure of buildings as well as posing a fire threat as they damage electrical cables, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
JG Pest Control are the leading glis removal company, based in Buckinghamshire we are able to get out to your glis problem very quickly, our methods are humane, effective and of course come with our company standard guarantee, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
get a specialist mouse exterminator over you today or find out more information on mouse proofing and control here, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information.
Our surveyors will highlight areas of concern and treat accordingly. JG Pest control's woodworm pest control division are here at your disposal, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information..
If you are concerned about a problem with silverfish, please call 0121 655 0079 or click here for more information..


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Larry Sneed, Former Red Bank Chief Of Police, Wins Right To Jury Trial From Tennessee Supreme Court
Larry Sneed, former Red Bank chief of police, represented by Lee Davis and Jonathan Guthrie, won a right to a jury trial today from the Tennessee Supreme Court.
In a case that will cause repercussions in many cases throughout the state, the Tennessee Supreme Court has determined that Tennessee Human Rights Act claims against local governmental entities are not governed by the Governmental Tort Liability Act ("GTLA"). The court also determined that Rights Act claims filed in chancery court include a statutory right to trial by jury.
The case arose in 2010, after Larry Sneed was fired from his job as chief of police for the City of Red Bank. Mr. Sneed filed suit against the city in the Chancery Court for Hamilton County, alleging numerous claims, including a Rights Act claim against the city and a claim under the Tennessee Public Protection Act ("TPPA").
Prior to trial, Red Bank filed a motion to transfer the case from chancery court to circuit court, alleging that the GTLA, which requires claims to be filed in circuit court and tried without a jury, applied. The chancery court ruled that Mr. Sneed's TPPA claim was governed by the GTLA but that Mr. Sneed's Rights Act claim was not. This ruling meant that Mr. Sneed's TPPA claim would be tried in circuit court without a jury but that he was entitled to a jury trial on his Rights Act claim. The city appealed the portion of the trial court's decision finding that the GTLA did not apply to Mr. Sneed's Rights Act claim.
The Court of Appeals reversed the trial court and held that the GTLA is generally applicable to suits against governmental entities, like Mr. Sneed's, unless the law authorizing the suit provides that the GTLA does not apply or the statute creates a remedy that applies only to governmental entities.
The Supreme Court granted review and reversed the Court of Appeals decision. The Court held that the GTLA does not control Rights Act claims because the Rights Act is an independent and specific statute, which itself removes governmental immunity and authorizes claims against governmental entities. The Court also held that Rights Act claims filed in chancery court against governmental entities include a statutory right to trial by jury.
The Court explained that the Rights Act grants a claimant the right to file a civil action in chancery court and does not exclude from the civil action the statutory right to trial by jury in chancery court. These provisions, the Court explained, clearly express the Legislature's intent to provide Rights Act claimants a statutory right to trial by jury in chancery court. The Supreme Court remanded the case to the chancery court for further proceedings."
Read the unanimous opinion in Larry Sneed v. City of Red Bank, Tennessee, authored by Justice Cornelia A. Clark.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Looking for a super sturdy crate with a vintage feel for your photos? Look no further we have the perfect Pint Size Prop right here for you!! This darling little Crate is Handmade by me using solid wood only!!! This darling Piece will allow you to create all sorts of fun Photos and settings. You can lay a baby in it, sit a toddler in it, or turn it upside down and place a bigger child on top of it. It is painted a cream white then given a stain glaze to give it that vintage look. I can paint this crate in any color you would like just mention the color in a convo with your order. This crate measures 22 inches long, 12 inches wide, and 10 inches deep.
This crate has been sanded so there are no sharp Pieces for the baby. I use screws and then fill the holes instead of exposed staples.
Each Crate is made to order special just for you so please allow 7 days for this item to be shipped. I ship worldwide so please send me a convo with your full shipping address if you are outside of the US.


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Career as Neurosurgeon
Stream : Health Science
Sub Stream : Neurosurgeon
Brain surgeons are more accurately called neurosurgeons, as their specialty is not limited to the brain. They examine, make diagnoses, and operate on the central, peripheral, and automomous nervous systems. Neurosurgeons treat disorders and diseases of the brain, head, and spinal cord; as well as associated nerves, muscles, and blood vessels. They may specialize in cancer, pediatric neurosurgery, or treatment of the spine, vascular system, or nerves.
There are many possible causes of a patient's symptoms. Among them are cancer, stroke, mental illness, chronic pain, injuries, epilepsy, spinal trauma, cognitive and behavioral disorders, infections, movement disorders, sleep problems, cerebral palsy, encephalitis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease. Spine disorders include a degenerative disease and scoliosis.
To determine the cause of the problem, a neurosurgeon examines the nerves in the head and the neck, and measures the patient's muscular coordination and reflexes. Impaired language skills also can be a sign of illness. Diagnostic methods include CT scans, MRIs, spinal taps, SPECT tests, PET scans, lumbar punctures, electroencephalography, electromyography, and nerve-conduction velocity tests.
Neurosurgeons generally work in examinating and operating rooms at hospitals. Most also run private practices, either alone or with other doctors. Neurosurgeons perform surgery on the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves to remove tumors, relieve chronic pain and treat wounds, vascular disorders and diseases such as Parkinson's and epilepsy. They also use surgery to relieve hydrocephalus, the abnormal build-up of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. Brain surgeons may focus on the correction of deformities and treatment of diseases of the spinal cord such as degenerative spine disorder and scoliosis. Other areas of sub-specialization include pediatric neurosurgery and radiosurgery, the targeted use of radiation to treat tumors.
The neurosurgeon's primary daily responsibility is to perform surgery to resolve problems with the nervous system, but there are a number of other tasks that must also be done. These include assessing and diagnosing patients as they come in to the hospital, an unpredictable task because emergency patients cannot be scheduled ahead of time. The neurosurgeon must also meet with the families of patients in surgery and update them on the situation with their family members, as well as keeping records, writing prescriptions and filling out paperwork.
Emergency Surgeries
The neurosurgeon's day might begin with a scheduled surgery to remove a brain tumor or repair some nerve damage, with other elective procedures scheduled for later in the day. However, the elective surgeries can suddenly be preempted by an unscheduled emergency surgery for a patient with an aneurysm or a stroke. The schedule of a neurosurgeon changes constantly to accommodate emergencies, and neurosurgeons are frequently called upon for consultations with other departments in the hospital.
• Study patients' medical histories and the results of examimations by other doctors;
• Examine and interview patients, learning their complaints and symptoms;
• Order and analyze diagnostic tests and procedures;
• Make diagnoses based on the results of examinations and tests;
• Discuss with patients and their families the benefits and risks of treatment options;
• Prescribe medication, recommend nonsurgical treatments, and refer patients to other medical specialists;
• When surgery is needed, determine the proper procedure;
• Schedule the operation, in conjunction with nurses, anesthesiologists, assistants, and specialists;
• Coordinate staff, plan the procedure, and order medical instruments and other supplies;
• Perform operations on the nervous system, using either a micoscope in microsurgery or a scalpel in a more invasive procedure;
• Meet with patients and family members to provide postoperative recommendations, nutritional suggestions, and other advice;
• Create and maintain patient records;
• Supervise medical technicians and administrative staff;
• Provide training for students and staff; and
• Receive continuing education, read medical journals, and attend conferences.
How to become Neurosurgeon?
A student wishing to pursue a career as a neurosurgeon must appear for the Common Entrance Test (CET) after passing Std. XII. At the Std.XI & XII levels, the students should have taken up English and medical subjects, namely physics, chemistry and biology (botany & zoology). After successfully passing the CET, the student does MBBS.
On getting an MBBS degree, you have to do an MS in general neurosurgery & then an M.Ch. in neurosurgery (this is a 5 year course). All these degrees amount to about 14 years of education.
Median Pay Scale / salary of Neurosurgeon :
When a neurosurgeon works in the public sector, his/her pay scale is as per the norms of the Sixth Pay Commission. Depending on the post, a neurosurgeon in the public sector can have a starting salary of Rs.40,000/- and go up to nearly Rs.1 lakh for higher posts & more experience.
In the private sector, on the other hand, a neurosurgeon can start earning at Rs.1lakh & earn anything up to Rs.2 lakh. Of course, setting up one's private medical practice is no easy task!
To keep exploring, head on to our page on career banks and blogs on different careers, entrance exams, courses, college, jobs etc.
M.Sc. In Microbiology
B.sc in microbiology
Bachelor in Science (B.sc )
11th-12th: Science PCB
Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.B.S)
MS (master of surgery) Specializations
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Postman lets you monitor shared or private collections. If you choose to monitor a shared collection, your team can see the monitor. If you create a monitor on an unshared collection, the monitor is private and only visible to you.
You can create a monitor for an existing collection from the sidebar.
In the Postman app, click on the ellipsis (…) next to the collection you want to monitor.
* Enter the name of the monitor. * Select an environment (optional). * Set how frequently the monitor should run. For more information on how to schedule a monitor, see the "Monitoring schedule and region" section below. * Select one or more regions of the world from where you want to monitor your results. You can also select advanced monitor options to receive email notifications for run failures and errors, request a timeout, request a delay, not follow redirects, and disable SSL validation.
Click the Monitor this collection button.
When you use the New button to create a monitor, Postman guides you on how to set up a monitor. The process requires you to select the requests to monitor and configures how you want to monitor the requests. Then Postman suggests steps to consider after you create the monitor.
Postman makes a collection of the URLs and adds a script that checks the response time and response code for each URL. You receive notifications when either the response code doesn't match or the response time falls below the expected values. You can also add method, headers, and body to the individual URLs in the request builder, as well as add custom test scripts.
Here's how to create a monitor with the New button.
In the header toolbar, click the New button.
The Create New tab appears.
Note: At the bottom, you can select "Show this window at launch" to indicate whether you want the Create New tab to display each time you open Postman.
Select if you want to monitor a new API or an existing or team collection. If you create a new API to monitor, you must select a request method and enter the request path, response code, and response body. If you use an existing or team collection, you must select a collection from a list of existing or team collections.
After you select or create the request you want to monitor, click the Next button.
Set how frequently the monitor should run. For more information on how to schedule a monitor, see the "Monitoring schedule and region" section below.
Select one or more regions of the world from where you want to monitor your results.
In the Next steps tab, see a list of suggested next steps to maximize the effectiveness of your monitor.
The Create New tab appears by default when you launch Postman.
In the Create New tab, click "Monitor".
Follow steps 3-6 in the previous New button section.
Go to Workspaces dashboard and click "Monitors" and click the Monitor this collection button.
In the Create Monitor modal, select a collection, schedule the frequency of the run, enter a monitor name, select the environment, and select the regions of the world from where you want to monitor your results. For more information on how to schedule a monitor, see the "Monitoring schedule and region" section below.
Note: To select regions manually and to schedule your monitor runs using the minute timer, upgrade your plan to Postman Pro or Enterprise.
You can also select advanced monitor options to receive email notifications for run failures and errors, request a timeout, request a delay, not follow redirects, and disable SSL validation.
Click the Create Monitor button.
You must select the frequency of how often you want to run your monitor. Monitors can run as frequently as every 5 minutes. For example, you can run a monitor every 5 minutes or every Monday at 9:00 AM.
When you specify a monitor to run in multiple regions, the monitor will run multiple times. As a result, if there is a side effect from running the monitor, it will also happen multiple times.
Postman Enterprise users interested in setting up dedicated IPs for their API monitoring should contact help@getpostman.com.
Email notifications Gets notifications about failures on up to 5 email addresses.
Request timeout Specifies a time interval after which your request is considered to time-out.
Delay between requests Adds a time lag between subsequent requests.
Don't follow redirects Disables all following redirects.
Disable SSL validation Disables validations performed on SSL certificates. Check this setting if you use self-signed certificates. Use with caution!


Our tours listed on the site typically consist of 8-10 people. If we do decide to take more than 10 people we will add a second vehicle and guide to the tour.
We do offer Private tour options that can accommodate any size group from 1 person to several hundred.
What type of vehicle do you use for your tours?
We have a variety of vehicles that we use for our tours depending on tour size and tour requirements. Some examples would be Mercedes/Dodge Sprinters (hightop), Ford Transits (hightop), Dodge Promaster (hightop), and various SUV's, to name a few.
How many bags can we bring?
We ask that our guests limit their luggage to one suitcase and a carry on size bag. In addition you may want to consider a small backpack to carry water, camera, snacks, etc. during our daily activities.
What time will we finish each day?
We generally try to be finished with the daily activities by 5:30 to 6:00 pm. Some days may be slightly longer depending on the tour.
What do we do for the meals that are not provided?
We will always be near restaurants during meal times and our guides will be happy to make recommendations. On some of our tours it may be appropriate to get a box or bag lunch so that we maximize our time spent in the parks. The guides will let you know when this is the case.
How much walking/hiking is involved in this tour?
On our Grand Circle and Mighty Five tours we have designed them to include 2-3 miles of walking/hiking per day. Since we are a small group tour company we always attempt to adjust the tour to match the needs of the group that is traveling with us.
Can we customize a tour?
Of course! We love to to work with our clients on their custom tours. Contact us and we will be happy to help you design the tour that meets your needs.


text:
Miranda (1948) - Did You Catch Any Big Ones?
Chauffeur Charles (David Tomlinson) and wife Clare (Googie Withers) worry about doctor Paul (Griffith Jones) bringing home a mysterious patient (Glynis Johns, title character) from the south coast, whom he hasn't quite explained is a young mermaid eager to see London, in Miranda, 1948.
Miranda (1948) - Have An Oyster
Difficulties for doctor Paul (Griffith Jones), who hasn't told his wife (Googie Withers) or staff (Yvonne Owen, David Tomlinson) that his live-in invalid patient (Glynis Johns, title character) is a mermaid, so he takes the nurse (Margaret Rutherford) into his confidence, in Miranda, 1948.
Miranda (1948) - You're My First Adventure
London doctor Paul (Griffith Jones) and wife Clare (Googie Withers) agree he'll go alone on fishing vacation at Pendower, Cornwall, neither knowing he will hook mermaid Glynis Johns (title character), as light comedy leaps into fantasy, in director Ken Annakin's hit Miranda, 1948.
Trending on TCM


text:
US Supreme Court Center > Volume 235 > WADLEY V. SOUTHERN RY. CO. V. GEORGIA, 235 U. S. 651 (1915)
WADLEY V. SOUTHERN RY. CO. V. GEORGIA, 235 U. S. 651 (1915)
Wadley v. Southern Ry. Co. v. Georgia, 235 U.S. 651 (1915)
Wadley v. Southern Railway Company v. Georgia
Argued January 30, 1914
The general common law rule that a carrier has the option of demanding freight in advance or on delivery applies not only to the shipper, but also to the connecting carrier, but quaere how far this rule may be or has been modified by statutes prohibiting discrimination.
This Court, being bound by the construction given by the highest state court to a statute of the state, holds that the statute of Georgia involved in this case gives power to the State Railroad Commission to require a railroad to treat all connecting carriers alike in regard to payment of freight in advance or on delivery, and the only question
here is whether an order requiring a railroad company to cease demanding payment in advance from one carrier and not from another violates the due process provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Although the particular section which authorizes an order of a state railroad commission may not provide for a hearing, if the state court has construed that section as part of the law establishing the commission and which does require hearings, that section is not unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment as denying an opportunity to be heard, and so held as to the Georgia Railroad Commission Law.
An order of the Georgia State Railroad Commission requiring a railroad to desist from demanding freight in advance on merchandise received from one carrier while it accepts merchandise of the same character at the same point from another carrier without such prepayment, being otherwise legal, is not so arbitrary and unreasonable as to be violative of the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
A state has power to impose penalties sufficiently heavy to secure obedience to orders of public utility commissions after they have been found lawful or after the parties affected have had ample opportunity to test the validity of administrative orders and failed so to do.
A party affected by a statute passed without his having an opportunity to be heard is entitled to a safe and adequate judicial review of the legality thereof. It is a denial of due process of law if such review can be effected by appeal to the courts only at the risk of having to pay penalties so great that it is better to yield to orders of uncertain legality than to ask the protection of the law. Ex Parte Young, 209 U. S. 123.
Where, after reasonable notice of the making of an administrative order, a carrier fails to resort to the safe, adequate and available remedy of testing its validity in the courts and makes an unsuccessful defense by attacking such validity when sued for the penalty, it is subject to the penalty.
137 Ga. 497 affirmed.
Adrian, Georgia, a station on the Wadley Southern Railway, is 10 miles from Rockledge, where the road connects with the Macon & Dublin R. Co., and 27 miles from Wadley, where it connects with the Central of Georgia Railway. In consequence of this connection with both roads, goods could be shipped from Macon to Adrian over either route. It was, however, to the interest of the
Wadley Southern to have such freight routed via the Central, because it thereby secured the haul of 27 miles from Wadley to Adrian instead of the 10-mile haul when goods were routed via Rockledge. In addition to this, the Central owned all of the stock in the Wadley Southern, and allowed it more than a mileage proportion in the division of the through rate. For these reasons, the Wadley made the Central its preferred connection, and received from it goods for Adrian without requiring the prepayment of freight, while refusing at Rockledge to receive goods shipped from Macon over the Macon & Dublin R. Co. unless the charges to Adrian were prepaid. Merchants shipping via Rockledge contended that this was an unjust discrimination, and made complaint to the Railroad Commission, which, after "hearing evidence and argument of counsel," passed an order, dated March 12, 1910, requiring
"the Wadley Southern to desist from such discrimination, and on and after the receipt of the order, to afford shippers via Rockledge the same facilities for the interchange of freight that was afforded shippers over the line of the Central, via Wadley."
On March 14, 1910, a copy of this order was received by the Wadley Southern, which, however, did not institute any proceeding to test its validity in the courts of Fulton County having jurisdiction of "suits against the Commission or its orders" (Ga.Code, § 2625). Instead, the company, on April 4, 1910, notified the Commission that it would decline to comply with the order on the ground that it was void. Accordingly, on May 26, 1910, more than two months after the order was served, a penalty suit was brought against the carrier by the state in which it was alleged that, on divers days, the Wadley Southern had violated the order of the Commission, and asking that a single penalty "not to exceed $5,000," should be imposed under the terms of the Act of August 26, 1907. That statute provides that all corporations
and persons subject to the public utility law "shall comply with every order made by the Commission under authority of law," and any corporation or person which neglects to comply with such order shall
"forfeit to the State of Georgia not more than $5,000 for each and every offense, the amount to be fixed by the presiding judge. . . . Every violation . . . of any such order shall be a separate and distinct offense,"
and, "in case of the continued violation, every day the violation thereof takes place shall be deemed a separate and distinct offense."
In its answer to this penalty suit, the Wadley Southern denied that it had been guilty of any unjust discrimination, and contended that the order of the Commission, and the statute on which it was based, in violation of the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment, took property without due process of law, and also that the penalty statute operated to deny the carrier the equal protection of the law. In the trial before a jury, there was testimony on the question as to whether there had been any discrimination and whether any difference in treatment was not justified by the difference in conditions. There was also evidence tending to show that the business of some shippers, through Rockledge, had suffered in consequence of the delay and expense incident to the requirement that freight on goods consigned to Adrian should be prepaid at Wadley. The jury returned a verdict in favor of the state, and the judge imposed a fine of $1,000 on the defendant. The case was then taken to the Supreme Court of Georgia, where the judgment was affirmed (137 Ga. 497), and the case is here on a writ of error which raises the question as to whether the order and the statute under which it was made violate the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Powered by Justia US Supreme Court Center: WADLEY V. SOUTHERN RY. CO. V. GEORGIA, 235 U. S. 651 (1915)


Are you 100% cloud based or 100% on premise or do you have hybrid systems? Hybrid would mean that part of your system would be on premise and part might be in the cloud. You might be a manufacturing company with an on-premise manufacturing system, but your sales or marketing team are using a cloud based solution. Probably most cloud based companies have some on-premise and vice versa. There are good reasons why you would want a bit of both.
What type of companies are working well in the cloud?
Below are some situations or industries that lend naturally to the cloud.
Web stores and their financial systems are a natural candidate for cloud. eCommerce businesses have their hosted web-store already in the cloud so it is a natural fit to add the ERP system to the cloud. If they have retail stores, they can use a cloud based POS system that integrates into their cloud ERP system.
Tech companies are often run by young professionals that have grown up with the cloud. They want the flexibility to login into their systems anywhere in the world. They want modern, fast paced systems. They are also new companies and don't have to bear the cost of transitioning existing on-premise or legacy systems to the cloud.
The cloud enables great collaboration across regions and territories. A company with headquarters in Silicon Valley, and with staff across the country, are able to all work together easily on the same system. With cloud systems, remote staff won't experience the reduced speeds or connection issues that used to plague remote logins.
What type of companies are still on-premise?
Everyone conjures up a picture of the aging manufacturing owner that likes to hold up their finger to see which way the wind is blowing. The on-premise lover is some greying older patriarch or matriarch that doesn't trust the cloud.
Our customer had a dad that was transitioning the business over to the kids. The kids wanted to go with hosting and Dad wanted the financial system in the company closet. Some people are afraid of the cloud and they have concerns about security. The reality is that the biggest security threat to your data is typically user error which includes erasing critical data or even sending an e-mail with private content to the wrong person.
When to consider Hybrid or On-Premise?
If you are a remote mine in Alaska or Northern Quebec, you may have an unstable internet connection. You might be using a satellite dish that gets impacted easily. You don't want to run a cloud based solution on internet that is unreliable.
Drug companies with mandatory government compliance may be ineligible to move to the cloud. The government agencies, as part of the regulation, want to see the server rooms where the data is stored. They want the software and the servers that the software sits on to be in-house. This is especially true for manufacturing software.
A lottery corporation, for example, might be a prime target for being hacked. It might be preferable to control the data in house with its own IT security team. A casino, may need an in-house server. Their charter may not allow the data to be held outside in the cloud. Their only option could be on-premise.
Some on premise clients can't afford any down-time. The internet goes down and a client can't operate. For some clients, this could be a $1000 per hour they are losing. One solar flare could put the internet down for 2 weeks.
Speed can be slow when you are on a shared server. You may not have a lot of control over who is on your shared server with you. It is not always obvious, once the contracts are signed, how to get moved to a different server.
One of the challenges customers face in moving from on premise to on-line is the number of customizations they have in place. When it is in house, systems can be customized at the client's discretion. The customer can choose to upgrade their systems and take their time testing those upgraded customizations. Some cloud systems do not allow a client to opt out of an upgrade.
There are often strong software partners that have built extensions to on premise solutions. The on-premise systems tend to be mature and feature rich. You may be compromising or losing some of the functionality by moving into the cloud.
The arguments for having on premise systems must be weighed against the numerous benefits of cloud based systems. Cloud systems are modern and cutting edge and have a lot of wow factors.
When to consider the Cloud?
Legacy systems can be clunky in the way they display, not render on high definition screens, or they can be customized beyond being usable. New cloud systems have been built from the ground up using best practices that include great layout, optimized user interfaces, superior integration technologies, and out of the box dashboards.
You don't need a dedicated IT person for the servers and upgrades. They can be used to drive efficiency in other areas instead. Servers that would be running in house are now eliminated so you don't have to be dealing with aging infrastructure, patches or updates.
Cloud applications tend to be easy and simple to use which drives efficiency. Modern systems eliminate extra steps and make clicking around the system very user friendly and intuitive.
For some, on-premise is the riskiest option of all. If you can't afford the security that you need, you could be very exposed with your in-house systems. Who is more capable of keeping it secure? A large IT company with many levels of security or your IT guy or gal that manages the system in the closest?
With cloud it is easy to ramp up or ramp down. Add more licenses easily without having to add costly infrastructure. Down-sizing is easy too as you only pay for what you use.
You can have down time with your servers when they don't work. Someone may need to reboot or add patches. Your server and software upgrades can be slow as the options can be confusing. Updates occur automatically in the cloud which makes for a clean transition to new versions.
Back-ups are done automatically when you are in the cloud. Your data is secured for you. Backing up data and keeping that backed up data secure is no longer your responsibility. Worrying about security certifications is now mostly the responsibility of your cloud application.
From airplane seats or from the waiting rooms of the world, owners and CFO's can log into their systems and work. They can analyze their data from one division while working from another division.
Accounting can be handled in Vancouver, support in Costa Rica and sales teams can span across America. All can log into a cloud platform and update information that is available real time to the other teams. This drives speed and efficiency.
Take the time to evaluate what works best for you. As cloud based solutions evolve, more functionality is available daily. The cloud continues to grow with connectivity options. Consider that cloud licences might be cheaper or more expensive for you and your company. Determine your ROI over a six year period. Each organization must weigh the pros and cons to get the best fit. Remember a hybrid cloud might be the right cloud for you.
Many of our clients work in a mix of environments and so we've built our solutions to accommodate their needs – whether they are on-premise or in the cloud. We invite you to ask us how we do it and how we help our customers deploy their solutions. All it take is an email: ussales@nolanbusinesssolutions.com or a phone call: (1) 303 665 9343.
By Kim Haythornthwaite, General Manager, Nolan Business Solutions, an international solution provider of automation tools for Microsoft Dynamics GP & NetSuite | including NetSuite implementations / consulting throughout North America.


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Best approach to creating a secure offline login system in C#?
Multiple tables with same name, but each with a unique id to distinguish them?
How can I tell if a web sign up form actually encrypts my password?
Can I prevent CSRF attacks by using localstorage/sessionstorage?
Where is password hashing/salt logic applied?
Is providing a user login a functional requirement of a system?
How can I cleanly handle a several permutations of Resource Request, (Optional) Login Control, Resource Result?
How can I build a seamless login for multiple sites using OAuth2?
Can someone explain the behind-the-scenes process of connecting an app account to a Facebook account?
Is just using an email address for login a good idea?


text:
Cake Catalog
About Madea's Caramel Cake Co.
Annie "MaDea" Banks came to Miami in 1957, with her husband and their six children. Annie and Willie Banks were both born in Troy, Alabama in 1928, and were high school sweethearts. Her children affectionately called her Mother Dear (MaDea).
MaDea's caramel cake recipe ingredients foundation, was developed by her mother who was born in 1905. Over the years, measurements and the finest ingredients were tested and sampled. In the 90's she finally perfected a cake mixture and icing that satisfied her taste palate, that has become her signature cake line today. Most importantly, her baking understudy over the years, was her oldest granddaughter.
MaDea's Caramel Cake Co., is a Florida based company. It was established to introduce a line of delicious, flavorful, gourmet southern cakes to the populace. The cakes recipes were created by the matriarch of the Banks Family, Annie "MaDea" Banks. MaDea's signature cakes were only baked for special events and holidays. As of 2018, the cakes are available eight months of a calendar year online.
MaDea's Caramel Cake Co., salutes the legacy of all the MaDea's and Big Mamma's of the world. Honoring the powerful matriarchs of the family.
© 2023, Madea's Caramel Cake Co.


text:
Tunisia's flag.
Turkey And Egypt: Scenarios In The Aftermath Of Arab Spring – Analysis
March 1, 2012 September 6, 2017 Richard Rousseau 0 Comments
By Richard Rousseau
Turkey and Egypt's strategic roles are likely to become crucial in the development of future scenarios in the Middle East in the post-Arab Spring world. The relations between these two countries, which at the moment are juggling with the idea of creating an alliance, could actually develop in the other direction, into staunch competition in light of rapidly unfolding events in the region.
The "Arab Spring," which began almost a year ago, is far from over, as the situation on the ground continues to develop. Yemen and Syria are still either at the mercy of popular protests or engaged in what may become protracted civil wars.
Even in countries apparently unharmed by this period of profound change and turmoil, such as the oil monarchies of the Persian Gulf, Algeria, Jordan and Morocco, there are signs that social tensions could easily reach the boiling point. Even in Tunisia and Egypt, whose dictators were tossed out earlier this year, the transition will last for a long time. The eyes of the world are particularly focused on Egypt, the most populous state in the Arab world, as the political developments in that country have frequently acted as a bellwether for players of the wider region – and with far-reaching consequences on the international level.
For most of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st, the Western world, especially the United States and Europe, was for all practical purposes the absolute arbiters of the political balance of the Arab world. However, it is now struggling with what is considered by many to be the greatest economic crisis in contemporary history or at least the worst since the Great Depression of the 1930s.
The West, many believe, is gradually losing much of the power it for so long enjoyed internationally. For decades the West has never had serious problems in controlling the dynamics of Middle East politics, but the relative decline in Western influence has opened up space for other aspiring world powers, such as Russia and China, to gain a foothold in the region. Turkey, the up and coming regional power that border the Arab world, is theoretically better placed than any other to do so.
Erdogan's Turkey: between Europe and the Middle East
"Turkey is sexy now," said Serdar Sualp, sales manager of Arçelik, Turkey's largest household appliance company, when commenting on the reaction to Turkish Prime Minister Erdogan's recent tour of the Arab world. Recent events have not only highlighted the attractiveness of Turkey's economic position but also demonstrated the prowess and pragmatism of its proactive diplomacy. In following Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu's policy of "strategic depth," Turkey has attempted, with varying degrees of success, to gradually alter its historic role as a Muslim country and an ally of the West. Turkey is using its dual position of a democratic and Muslim country and EU candidate to prove that it can play an independent leadership role in the Middle East.
Results have been significant to date, and due to its strong cultural and historical ties with the Arab and Islamic world, Turkey will remain in a prime position to influence regional political evolution. The Turkish government has already been the subject of a chain of impressive media stories in the Arab world, which reflects its diplomatic initiatives and successes on various fronts.
Turkey's influence, reputation and prestige have soared in the last ten months, especially among regional governments. One of the main reasons for its current high standing is its current diplomatic row with Israel over the armed and deadly Israeli assault on the Gaza Freedom Flotilla, during which Turkish citizens were injured and killed. A combination of effective use of the mass media and clever diplomacy gave Turkey political leverage and great popularity in the Arab-Islamic world.
While the world's leading powers and the dominant players in the region took increasingly ambiguous and disappointing positions during many uprisings in the Arab world, seeking to protect their strategic alliances (as in the cases of the United States and Iran's attitudes towards Syria and Saudi Arabia's towards Bahrain) or prompted by fear of being hit by similar movements (as with Algeria, Saudi Arabia again, the Gulf monarchies, Morocco), Turkey conducted a much more coherent and purposeful diplomacy and skillfully took advantage of swings in public opinion throughout the region. Prime Minister Erdogan's recent visit to North African states showcased the consolidation of Turkish influence in the Arab world, and particularly on the southern shore of the Mediterranean.
In his most recent interviews, Foreign Minister Davotoglu has been candid as to Turkey's diplomatic activism with regard to relations with Europe: it wants to redefine the parameters of its relations with the EU and the West, putting them on a much more equal basis, as it is unwilling to suffer the diktats of Brussels concerning its candidacy for membership and seeks to impose its own conditions.
As Europe struggles with a debt crisis so severe that it even calls into question the sustainability of its single currency, Turkey's goals, as described by the Foreign Minister Davotoglu, do not seem unrealistic. However, many aspects are involved, and for that reason an analysis of the most important of them is welcome.
Turkey's policy is full of inherent risks; it may become overextended on too many fronts, and this could reduce its effectiveness if its resolve and focus are not maintained.
For example, on September 2 Turkey threw further fuel on the Turkish-Israeli diplomatic fire by expelling Israel's ambassador and suspending all military agreements until Tel Aviv apologizes for the raid on the Gaza-bound flotilla on May 31, 2010. Previously the Turkish Prime Minister walked off the stage in protest during a panel discussion on Gaza at the Davos World Economic Forum (WEF) on Jan. 29, 2009. Such actions are not timely when a battle for diplomatic recognition of the Palestinian State is taking place at the United Nations. The irritation with yet another of Ankara's historic strategic ally, provoked by these actions, is making things rather complicated on the diplomatic front.
Meanwhile, Turkey maintains a common position with the U.S. on Syria and is at the forefront of providing support for the Syrian opposition. It has even recently opened another difficult diplomatic front with Europe and Israel over Cyprus, rekindling the emotional issue of the exploitation of the rich gas fields off the coast of the Greek section of the disputed island. Initially opposing Western intervention in Libya, a move which even alienated its NATO allies, Turkey eventually agreed to cooperate with other NATO members by making its contribution to the toppling of the Gaddafi regime. In mid-September it also officially agreed to install a sophisticated American radar system on its territory which will serve as part of NATO's missile defense system.
Opening up these new political and diplomatic fronts has added other thorny issues to the "traditional" mix of foreign policy questions that Ankara has never really been able to resolve, including the Kurdish problem (an ominous problem which could easily be exacerbated by current events in Northern Syria), the long standing dispute with Armenia over the alleged genocide of Armenians at the hands of Ottoman Turks during WWI, and the worrying economic and social disparities between Eastern and Western Turkey.
Uncertainty about the strength and sustainability of economic growth in Turkey also remains constant. The fact that the country's GDP has increased impressively under Erdogan (in 2010 it was the only country in the world to record double-digit growth, about 10%) does not allay all fears. Many view this apparently dazzling growth figure with a modicum of skepticism, based largely on the validity of Turkish data. Moreover, economic growth is countered by government expenditure accounting for 9% of GDP.
Turkish economic growth is in fact mostly derived from foreign direct investment fanning private consumption. The country's industrial sector remains rather uncompetitive on international markets. Similar economic circumstances were observed in Greece and Spain, whose fledgling economies, despite several years of sustained economic growth, have recently paid a high price for not addressing deficit spending in the aftermath of global economic crisis.
The real risk is that Turkey, which is now able to dance between "two worlds," the West and the Middle East, with impressive skills, could end up losing both sides because of its own debatable strategy and policy direction. It is not unlikely that in the coming years the fragile macroeconomic foundations of Turkey's economic success will take their toll and put the country on the path of development slowdown. Meanwhile, there is a high likelihood that many of the outcomes the country is promoting on the diplomatic level will be derailed by a set of undesirable developments. Syria is the most probable case scenario for things to go wrong. Having offered its support to groups demonstrating against the Bashar al-Assad regime, Turkey could become embroiled in a direct conflict with Syria, which is at the moment on the brink of civil war.
Egypt: in search of its role
One also has to consider possible future developments in the Arab world as a whole. So far Turkey has been able, at least in part, to maintain its influence in the region despite the serious events taking place in the Arab world, although this is due more to the severe, albeit temporary, weakness of the major protagonists in the region than to Turkey's "soft" and "hard" power per se.
Turkey has found a new position on the regional political stage because the traditional players, such as Egypt and Saudi Arabia, have been distracted and preoccupied with their own unexpected problems. Regional dynamics could quickly change, though, when the major Arab countries emerge from this heated, contested and unstable phase of the Arab Spring. Consequently, the future will probably see a repositioning of forces on the diplomatic front.
Once domestic political scenes settle down the main players in the Arab world, Saudi Arabia and Egypt, will be better able to acquire a more prestigious role on the international stage. Egypt is now struggling to build internal political stability on the new foundation the Arab Spring has laid. The new political leaders will have to deliver on their promises, especially on social issues, and sway public opinion to regain leadership standing and prestige.
Analysts and diplomats are interested in understanding power dynamics that will fill the void left by the ousting of the thirty-year regime of Hosni Mubarak. The question is whether Egypt, in the post-Mubarak period, will be able to function effectively and maintain its leverage on a regional level. Building up more democratic institutions, while the army still retains its authority and prestige in the Egyptian society, will be prodigious challenge for the new leaders. Consequently, specialists and laymen are now looking to Turkey as a possible model of the future institutional arrangements of the post-revolutionary Egypt – and Arab world more generally.
Much now depends on Arab countries. Only well thought out reform proposals and experimentally tested strategies for democratic transition have a chance of achieving the desired results after decades of dictatorship. In that sense, Turkey appears to offer the best model of democratization in an Islamic socio-economic setting and trying times.
Egypt, one of the first nations (it followed in the footsteps of Tunisia) to take to the street against the authoritarianism of the political system, is a country other Arab nations will watch with keen interest; it is a case study in how to resolve complex issues during a transitional period. Egypt has the potential to become a beacon of relatively peaceful major political changes. For that reason, it will be interesting to observe how far and how well Egypt makes the transition from an authoritarian to a democratic and pluralist system, and how long these changes will be sustainable into the future.
Egypt's future international role is already feared, and the country is being watched with suspicion by other actors, including Israel, Europe and the United States. The historic reconciliation agreement signed between Fatah and Hamas in Cairo last spring, and the deal struck between Hamas, the elected Palestinian Authority and Israel for the release of Gilad Shalit, an Israeli soldier, in exchange for 1,000 Palestinian prisoners were made possible, in large measure, by Cairo's clever and well-informed diplomacy. With these successful diplomatic maneuvers, global and regional players have been provided the first "taste" of what the new democratic Egypt may be able to accomplish on the international scene in the not-too-distant future.
Erdogan's government appears to be the most cognizant of Egypt's potential. In fact, Egypt was the first leg of the Turkish prime minister's triumphant and well-received tour throughout the Arab world. During bilateral meetings in Cairo Erdogan placed great emphasis on the need for a strong Turkish-Egyptian alliance – one able to determine the balance of power in the Middle East. He assembled a large delegation of Turkish businessmen who signed numerous contracts and agreements to strengthen existing economic ties and increase trade turnover between the two countries.
A Turkish-Egyptian alliance has the potential to bring balance and equilibrium to the entire region. However, in spite of all predications and high hopes, the real issue to be focused on is how the two countries will be able to determine their respective roles within the alliance, and especially how Turkey will be able to adapt its policy agenda, which has been for decades predominately centered on Europe and the West, to the Arab world.
Middle Eastern history shows that the Arab states have always borne the most pain from attempts by the non-Arab regional powers (such as Iran) to reach regional hegemony, as well as attempts by external states, such as the Soviet Union, the United States, Great Britain or France, to maintain their strategic positions.
Turkey and Erdogan are now regarded with admiration and gratitude by many, and much ink continues to be spilled in recalling that Turkey and the Arab world are closely linked by great cultural and historical ties. However, the Arab world could equally begin to remember the humiliations suffered at the hands the Ottoman Turks, and how it has been dominated by other empires and hegemonic states for centuries.
It is also conceivable that the Turkish influence in the Middle East could be undermined by the unresolved issues related to Turkey's economic growth and the many international events that the country is now engaged in. In the final analysis, Egypt, at the expense of Turkey, is far more likely than others to be the prime candidates for regional leadership on various political fronts, especially if it can achieve a successful democratic transition, get its own house in order, and act as a role model for others wishing to follow suit.
This article appeared at The Washington Review and is reprinted with permission.
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Richard Rousseau
Richard Rousseau, Ph.D., is an international relations expert. He was formerly a professor and head of political science departments at universities in Canada, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, and the United Arab Emirates. His research interests include the former Soviet Union, international security, international political economy, and globalization. Dr. Rousseau's approximately 800 books, book chapters, academic journal and scholarly articles, conference papers, and newspaper analyses on a variety of international affairs issues have been published in numerous publications, including The Jamestown Foundation (Washington, D.C.), Global Brief, World Affairs in the 21st Century (Canada), Foreign Policy In Focus (Washington, D.C.), Open Democracy (UK), Harvard International Review, Diplomatic Courier (Washington, C.D.), Foreign Policy Journal (U.S.), Europe's World (Brussels), Political Reflection Magazine (London), Center for Security Studies (CSS, Zurich), Eurasia Review, Global Asia (South Korea), The Washington Review of Turkish and Eurasian Affairs, Journal of Turkish Weekly (Ankara), The Georgian Times (Tbilisi), among others.


Baby Bright Stars' Kerri Webb shares her "medical box" must haves!
Baby Bright Stars' Kerri Webb shares her "Medical Box" must-haves!
So our little boy Sir MJ attends Baby Brights Stars Kayalami Estates which has been such a blessing to us and our baby.
They offer baby classes from as little as 2 months old with a parent off course and believe me when I say these classes are "the shizzel".
If you have a little one, I cannot express how important it is to have your own personal medical box ... in fact, after having a baby most of us end up with our own little "pharmacy" at home.
Empaped suppositories for fever (125mg under 1yr, 250mg over 1yr). The fever breaks almost immediately.
Nose Freda - nasal suction bought from Dischem. Try doing it after bath time when the nose is very runny. Use with Baby Sterimar.
Iliadin nose drops - use the minute you see a runny nose but only use for 5 days. When they turn 1yr get the older drops as the baby drops don't work.
Try get a bottle of Celestamine syrup (needs a script). Great for runny noses.
Remember to alternate Calpol/Panado (Paracetamol) and Nurofen (Ibuprofen) if you want to give fever meds often. They can be alternated every 2 hours. Otherwise only the 1 type every 4 hours.
Always have Burnshield on hand to cover any burns etc. Put one in your car.
Always have Allergex. Put a bottle in your nappy bag in case you out and little one gets a bee sting. If there is a bad reaction it will give you some time to get to emergency.
Prodol for teething is the best!
Off-course you got to check with your paed first before giving your little one any of the medication mentioned above.
Let us have your comments and thoughts on your medical box must-haves ... we love to share ideas!


Opera Boston opened its season opened at the Cutler Majestic Theatre with Carl Maria von Weber's Der Freischütz, locally absent for two dozen years. On the last night (October 21) Gil Rose led a rendition musically compelling enough to overlook some orchestral untidiness – though the key instrumental soloists all delivered – and to withstand director Sam Helfrich's rather smirky staging.
One applauds the impulse to get beyond the surface of Friedrich Kind's implicitly nationalistic folklorish libretto; but in aiming to explore the "psychotic dream states" anxiety provokes in Agathe, Max and Kaspar, Helfrich and set designer Andrew Holland amassed an impoverishing wealth of post-modern detritus: blue plastic rubbish containers, stuffed boar and bear with affixed plastic targets, television antennas. The musically able chorus – who, as Helfrich's program note properly stated, play a fairly antagonistic role in this work – were pushed into exaggerated carryings-on throughout. The visual tone grated, and narrative clarity suffered.
The bird regained the floor after Pulley sustained the first of two high A flats finessed with arching pianissimi. In Helfrich's frame, Daniel Snyder's tall, plausibly romantic Max also tended to seem silly when acting ardent. His flinty baritonal tenor, more useful than beautiful, withal posed no problems in range or audibility in his testing music.
Heather Buck's lissome Ännchen, styled as a hot-to-trot barmaid, probably best achieved Helfrich's intentions; her agile voice sparkles most at its top end. Andrew Funk's rough-hewn Kaspar, not always precisely on the note, impressed in the dialogue and certainly delivered the goods dramatically – when possible. The famed Wolf's Glen scene in which, with the evil magician Samiel's connivance he cast the magic bullets for Max, showcasing David Lynch-style domestic nightmares (mercifully absent dwarves) fell flat, perceptibly confusing the audience.
There was one nice visual coup: the family portraits representing the weight of tradition simultaneously fell down as Max fired his (fatal) final bullet. Helfrich's best concept, doubling the revered Hermit and Samiel, occasioned Herbert Perry a lot of portentious striding about, but Perry's dignified yet alert presence and still-resonant bass proved equal to the paired tasks. David Kravitz (Ottokar) fielded a smooth, impressive bass, Tom O'Toole (Kuno) a substantial but rougher one — plus rather Bostonian spoken Teutonic vowels. Baritone Aaron Engebreth, though coaxed directorially into sitcom attitudinizing, sounded firm and healthy as Killian.
David Shengold A Philadelphia-based arts critic, has written for Opera News, Opera (UK), Opéra Magazine (France), Musical America Online, Playbill and Time Out New York among many others. He also has contributed program essays to the Metropolitan, New York City Opera, Lyric Opera of Chicago, Covent Garden and Wexford Festival programs and lectures for the Glimmerglass Festival and Philadelphia's Wilma Theatre.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub