text:
By Aaron Fai
Logo for GenderTalks, a documentary theater community project connecting trans, nonbinary, and gender nonconforming folks across the Midwest. Rising Fire Theatre will produce the play on September 22 and 23, which project leader Orion Risk wrote specifically for performance over Zoom. Image courtesy of Orion Risk.
How can the public humanities do the most good in a time of pandemic? At the University of Wisconsin, Humanities Responders was our answer to this starry-eyed question, our shot in the dark in the uncertainty of mid-March. Unlike the first responders who work at sites of public emergency, our Humanities Responders are students recognizing the invisible crises left off the front pages and collaborating with local leaders to build resilience for a murky future. To quickly build interest among students and partners, we reduced the typical barriers to involvement: doing away with application deadlines, accepting non-traditional applications, replying to submitted applications within a day or two, honoring lived experiences, and redirecting funding typically earmarked for our in-person events towards the needs of our Humanities Responder projects.
Our first crop of funded Humanities Responders addresses Wisconsin communities who are largely offline and imperiled by racism, health inequities, and environmental threats exacerbated by the pandemic. These students are using their skills in oral history, visual arts, marketing, radio production, photography, and creative writing to go beyond simply archiving this crisis. They are creating media campaigns with Menominee leaders whose lands are threatened by sulfide mining and cannot proceed with the usual in-person advocacy (Wolf River Action Committee). They are collaborating with Latinx grocery store owners across northern Wisconsin to tell the stories of rural farm workers, and provide them time-sensitive legal and health aid (Dustin Cohan with SWCAP). They are creating a theatrical production out of a series of conversations with trans and gender non-binary individuals in meat packing plant communities, current hot-beds for COVID-19 (GenderTalks with Rising Fire Theatre). They are empowering local refugees in Dane County with audio production skills and the opportunity to assert their identities and needs on local radio (Grace Simbulan & Johnny Bassett with Open Doors for Refugees). They are all paying leaders of color, partners, and themselves for their time, labor, and expertise.
While we cannot be certain of much under the pandemic, we are confident this initiative is providing students a frontline experience of social entrepreneurship and civic responsibility that will be critical to their professional lives in the back half of this dark year, and much beyond.
To learn more about our current Humanities Responders, visit here and feel free to contact me with questions (fai@wisc.edu).
Aaron Fai is the Assistant Director of Public Humanities at UW-Madison's Center for the Humanities.
Lachixio Zapotec Conversations: Audio-Visual Archive and Transcription Collection
Landmarks of the Underground Railroad: From Christiana to Harpers Ferry
Visualizing Emancipation
Digital Scholarship Lab at the University of Richmond
Langscape
Maryland Language Science Center at the University of Maryland-College Park
LatinX Theatre Project
Latino Identity in New York
Latino Landscapes: A Transnational History of Urban America since 1950


text:
Q: BlockUI jquery plugin keeps page blocked after "back" button. Opera/FireFox I use jquery blockUI plugin (v2) and call $.blockUI when user submits a form. Web page smoothly fades out and new page appears. That's ok. But when user presses "back" button in opera/fire fox he observes fade out page with hourglass mouse cursor that is completely blocked.
Chrome/IE visualize page ok.
What would you suggest?
Thank you in advance!

A: Finally I found workaround.
$(window).unload(function() {
                $.unblockUI();
})

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Chilkat Valley News - Serving Haines and Klukwan, Alaska since 1966
front page photo
Duly Noted
By Ceri Godinez
Haines' 14-day quarantine is now a suggestion rather than a requirement
The Haines Borough's quarantine resolution no longer "requires" people entering from other parts of the state to quarantine for 14 days, it "encourages" them to do so. The state's mandatory quarantine for those entering Alaska remains in effect.
At a meeting on Tuesday, assembly members voted 4-2 to approve revised language. Members Zephyr Sincerny and Stephanie Scott opposed the change.
Assembly member Josephson said in the days leading up to the meeting, she received a large volume of calls from residents on both sides of the issue--those who feel the borough's current COVID-19 response doesn't go far enough and those who "feel their constitutional rights are being trodden on."
At the meeting, community members called in and submitted letters detailing a variety of views on the issue. Haines resident Clay Frick said the quarantine requirement has played a critical role in keeping the community safe.
Terry Pardee, who also spoke during public comment, said he didn't see an urgent need to continue to keep the town shut down, especially with businesses struggling to stay afloat.
"We've been pretty well locked down here for eight weeks now," Pardee said. "People who are scared to death of catching something, stay home. It's pretty simple."
Josephson said she proposed the change in language as a compromise between the two viewpoints. It still sends the message that the borough supports quarantine for individuals entering Haines without dictating what people do.
Assembly member Paul Rogers said he was opposed to the requirement to self-quarantine because it violated "all our fundamental rights and due processes." He said contracting coronavirus is a risk not unlike having a heart attack or getting into a car accident and that making it a suggestion to quarantine rather than a requirement was the right thing to do.
"Every time I walk out my door, I take a risk of something happening to me," Rogers said. "Last week the risk was walking down the road and my dog, which weighs eight pounds more than I do, decided to drag me down the road for twenty feet. These things happen."
Both Sincerny and Scott expressed support for preserving the more stringent language in the original resolution.
"I think that it is in the best interest of Haines and all the residents to keep the language of requirement in there or at least have it be very strongly recommended," said Sincerny, whose partner is the medical director of the Haines clinic. He said the quarantine measure has been a key component in keeping the virus from reaching Haines, and that keeping the stronger quarantine language encourages people to take the message seriously.
Haines' quarantine resolution has never included an enforcement mechanism, even when it "required" compliance. The assembly originally approved the measure at the end of March. At its April 14 meeting, the assembly voted down an ordinance that would have allowed the measure to be enforced by attaching a $500 fine to quarantine violations.
At Tuesday's meeting, the assembly also voted to extended the Haines emergency declaration until May 26.
SEARHC prepares for arrival of 600 COVID-19 vaccines
Dunleavy asks for Alaskans to sacrifice to reduce healthcare strain
Clinic offers COVID-19 testing free on weekends
First case of COVID-19 reported in Haines
State relaxes mandates, some remain cautious
Man trapped under icy...Kyle Clayton
SEARHC prepares for ar...Ceri Godinez
New magistrate sworn inKyle Clayton
Beach Road closure ext...Ceri Godinez
Chilkat Valley News
Haines AK 99827
© 2021 Chilkat Valley News

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Three-parent IVF to be debated by MPs within weeks
Eighteen months ago we reported on the proposals for legislation on so-called three-parent IVF. Now, the controversial regulations look likely to go before MPs in the next few weeks – certainly before the general election in May – the Independent has reported.
The Department of Health has confirmed the impending debate to the newspaper, even though there are still safety concerns. If MPs vote in favour of the legislation, the procedure could be carried out later this year as The Human Fertilisation and Embryology (Mitochondrial Donation) Regulations 2015 come into force on 29th October. It would make the UK the first country in the world to legalise the practice.
'Three-parent IVF' is the process by which the mitochondrial DNA of a woman who carries a hereditary disease is replaced with healthy mitochondria from a donor woman. It is sometimes referred to as 'mitochondrial donation' or 'mitochondrial replacement therapy'.
The process offers hope for mothers who might otherwise be at risk of passing on unhealthy mitochondrial DNA to a child; this is because mitochondrial DNA is inherited maternally. Critics of the process are concerned that it represents a "slippery slope" towards the manufacture of designer babies and will be open to abuse.
However, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority will assess each case individually and the assessment process will be rigorous. Also, mitochondrial disease is rare, affecting one in every 6,500 children; as such it is estimated that as few as ten cases a year could be approved. Children born using this method of IVF will not be able to identify the donor of the healthy DNA, which will account for less than 0.2% of the baby's genetic material.
This news comes only a matter of weeks after it was announced that scientists in Cambridge have used skin cells to create primitive forms of artificial sperm and ova.
Dramatic rise in digital spyware use by suspicious spouses
'Mutual recognition of protection measures' across EU member states


I wouldn't say I am a huge fan of celebrity perfumes, but I have to admit that when seeing Taylor Swift's Wonderstruck offering I was really taken by it. The bottle is so unique and pretty to look at - I love the little charms on the bottle.
Taylor Swift's Wonderstruck is available in South Africa from 3 September for R395 for 30ml.
I also discovered that there is a second fragrance that has been released overseas already which is called Wonderstruck Enchanted.
This perfume is described as "It opens with notes of wild berries, pink poppy and passion fruit. Heart notes include peony blossoms, sugar-glazed champaca petals and white freesia. White musk, hypnotic vanilla and blonde woods construct the perfume's found" (Fragrantica). Personally I think I might prefer this fragrance more than the original, but we'll probably have to wait a year before being able to test it out.
Ooh, this sounds like my kind of perfume!
Yes, this perfume does sound amazing ladies :) When it arrives here I'll go have a whiff of it and see if it lives up to our expectations.


PR40 is an advanced complementary bipolar process on bonded-SOI substrates that is used to optimize performance for high voltage precision analog applications. Reducing parasitic leakage, minimizing noise and avoiding latch-up allows optimization for high voltage, low power, stability, and design flexibility. The PR40 process is in volume production under MIL-PRF-38535 certification in the Palm Bay, Florida wafer fabrication facility.
For semiconductors, medical and industrial applications often present difficult operating environments with extreme temperature ranges, high levels of ESD and high sensitivity to electronic noise. These applications demand robust, high-voltage precision circuits for data acquisition and signal processing. The combination of high accuracy, high voltage, and low-noise requirements, plus the need to deploy in harsh operating environments, make it extremely difficult to create precision analog front-end components and circuits that can handle all of the challenges.
The design of precision analog front-end circuitry can be especially challenging for applications that use high-impedance sensors. These devices are inherently more prone to capacitive and inductive noise pick-up, and typically have higher noise sensitivity, which can make it difficult to achieve repeatability of readings and overall stability of the design. For example, many industrial systems using optical imaging, photodiodes, piezoelectric sensors, piezoresistive pressure transducers, PH sensors, or gas meters must be able to provide fast and accurate readings under often very harsh operating conditions for real-time process monitoring and control applications.
As discussed in this article, solving these challenges requires a fundamental bottom-up approach that starts with the use of advanced bipolar processes to design and manufacture products, such as precision op amps, instrumentation amps and bandgap voltage references. By leveraging fabrication techniques such as deep trench isolation and lateral device spacing to optimize noise performance and minimize parasitic leakage at the transistor level, this approach enables the designer to create very robust products that have very efficient power-to-bandwidth characteristics and can handle high-impedance inputs with speed, accuracy and low power usage.
The 40V complementary bipolar plus JFET (CBiFET) process known as PR40 was developed expressly for the development of robust products optimized for precision analog circuit applications. The process is fabricated on bonded silicon-on-insulator (BSOI) substrates and uses deep trench isolation (DTI) to build devices with complete dielectric isolation. The process features a core-bipolar foundation and optional device modules that are added as needed to facilitate product-specific, low-cost manufacturing. The PR40 process is currently being used to fabricate a range of low-noise precision op amps, instrumentation amps, current sense amps and bandgap voltage references for use in industrial, medical and other high-performance applications.
BSOI substrates offer a number of important advantages. These include robust devices with low parasitics that exhibit very predictable device performance characteristics and are free of latch-up in harsh environment applications. BSOI is a convenient isolation method for making complementary bipolar devices with significant area reduction compared to the junction-isolated devices that are typically used in high voltage analog circuits.
SOI uses layers of silicon-insulator-silicon in place of conventional silicon substrates. This allows for lower parasitic capacitance due to isolation from the bulk silicon. Deep trench dielectric isolation provides separation of devices to further minimize capacitance and reduce leakage current associated with diodes, transistors, etc. The reduced level of parasitics allow the designer to optimize power-to-bandwidth efficiency and reduce overall power consumption.
Latch-up is one of the most problematic conditions that can result from an inadequate front-end analog design. In essence, latch-up is a particular type of short circuit that results from the inadvertent creation of a low impedance path between the power supply rails of an IC, which triggers a parasitic structure that disrupts the proper functioning of the part. A power cycle is typically required to correct the situation and latch-up can even lead to destruction of the part due to an overcurrent condition.
The parasitic structure that causes latch-up is equivalent to an unintentional thyristor that is acting across a PNP and an NPN transistor stacked next to each other. Latch-up occurs when one of the transistors is conducting and the other starts to conduct at the same time. Then, both transistors keep each other in saturation for as long as the structure is forward biased and current is flowing through it.
Latch-up can happen at any location where the underlying parasitic condition exists. For example, a spike of positive or negative voltage on an output or input pin of a digital chip that exceeds the rail voltage by more than a diode drop is a common cause of latch-up. Another cause is the supply voltage exceeding the absolute maximum rating, for instance from a transient spike in the power supply.
By using advanced fabrication processes such as BSOI, deep trench isolation and optimal lateral device separation, the PR40 process enables latch-up free circuit operation.
To maximize design flexibility, the PR40 process features a full suite of precision analog devices including 40V low-noise NPN and vertical PNP bipolar devices, 40V P- and N-channel JFETs, 10V super-beta NPNs, and MOSFETs. In addition, the process offers a high BVebo lateral PNP device with high-beta, a buried Zener, and a well controlled Schottky diode. The process supports multiple levels of metal, as well as active area bonding.
The process is optimized to allow for consistent matching of devices, with both the NPN and PNP structures constructed in a similar fashion on a common subsurface base. Thin film resistors provide precision matching in relatively little area. The low temperature coefficient of the thin film makes it possible to achieve tighter specifications over wider operating temperatures. It offers an optimized high-density multilayer capacitor that provides additional design flexibility and minimizes die area. In terms of ESD protection, it offers superior ESD structures that easily achieve the minimum 2KV HBM targets and are typically in the 4KV - 6KV range.
These unique capabilities of the PR40 process provide the designer great flexibility for designing high-performance precision analog circuits. The exceptional device matching enables the design of very high precision amplifiers with minimal offset trim requirements. The absence of parasitic junction leakage over temperature combined with predictable device behavior enable high impedance input amplifiers with very low and stable input bias current behavior across their specified common mode voltage and four temperature ranges. Deep trench isolation results in very small device footprints enabling very efficient noise and power tradeoffs that result in low power designs with exceptional noise performance. Small devices combined with active area bonding and high density capacitors result in very dense circuits that enable 40V products in small footprint packages such as SOT23, uTDFN and MSOP.
Products designed on PR40 are also inherently radiation-tolerant and capable of delivering very robust ESD performance. In most analog front-end devices using conventional fabrication processes, it is very difficult to achieve good ESD characteristics while delivering high performance. Because products created with the PR40 process are fully dielectrically isolated using a mechanical process, any sensitivity to electromagnetic pulses has been completely eliminated. Also the use of subsurface transistors with deep junctions means less sensitivity to ionization radiation.
The use of advanced feature-rich complementary bipolar and BSOI fabrication processes, along with deep trench dielectric isolation, provides a very predictable and flexible foundation for designing robust, high-voltage, low-noise, low-power devices for use in precision analog front-end designs. Elimination of internal parasitic structures within the devices and inherent resistance to external ESD or radiation make these devices ideal for use throughout a wide range of industrial, medical and other applications that require high accuracy within difficult operating environments.
In addition, because it is a modular fabrication process with a wide range of features that can be incorporated for specific designs, the PR40 approach also improves both design flexibility, product cost and package size. Critical features needed for specific designs can be predictably modeled and efficiently integrated so as to minimize the size of the design while optimizing its performance for the target application.
The bottom line is that precision analog design will always present difficult challenges, especially for those applications that combine high-impedance sensors, high voltages, the need for high accuracy and exposure to harsh operating environments. The PR40 process lessens the difficulty by addressing all of these issues from the bottom up.
ISL70617SEH is the industry's first radiation tolerant 36V instrumentation amplifier to integrate a differential analog-to-digital converter driver.
ISL28006 is a high-performance current sense amplifier with fixed 100V/V, 50V/V and 20V/V and adjustable gains, and features low power consumption (50µA).
ISL21090 is an ultra-low noise, high DC accuracy precision voltage reference with input voltage range from 4.7V to 36V.


text:
[#]: subject: "Groovy vs Java: Connecting a PostgreSQL database with JDBC"
[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/22/10/groovy-vs-java-sql"
[#]: author: "Chris Hermansen https://opensource.com/users/clhermansen"
[#]: collector: "lkxed"
[#]: translator: " "
[#]: reviewer: " "
[#]: publisher: " "
[#]: url: " "

Groovy vs Java: Connecting a PostgreSQL database with JDBC
======
This example demonstrates how Groovy streamlines the clunkiness of Java.

![Coffee beans][1]

Image by: Pixabay. CC0.

Lately, I've been looking at how Groovy streamlines the slight clunkiness of Java. This article examines some differences between connecting to a PostgreSQL database using JDBC in Java versus Groovy.

### Install Java and Groovy

Groovy is based on Java and requires a Java installation. Both a recent/decent version of Java and Groovy might be in your Linux distribution's repositories, or you can install Groovy by following [these instructions][2]. A nice alternative for Linux users is SDKMan, which provides multiple versions of Java, Groovy, and many other related tools. For this article, I'm using SDK's releases of:

* Java version 11.0.12-open of OpenJDK 11
* Groovy version 3.0.8

### Back to the problem

If you haven't already, please review [this article][3] on installing JDBC and [this article][4] on setting up PostgreSQL.

Whether you're using Java or Groovy, several basic steps happen in any program that uses JDBC to pull data out of a database:

1. Establish a `Connection` instance to the database back end where the data resides.
2. Using an SQL string, get an instance of a `Statement` (or something similar, like a `PreparedStatement`) that will handle the execution of the SQL string.
3. Process the `ResultSet` instance returned by having the `Statement` instance execute the query, for example, printing the rows returned on the console.
4. Close the `Statement` and `Connection` instances when done.

In Java, the correspondence between the code and the list above is essentially one-for-one. Groovy, as usual, streamlines the process.

#### Java example

Here's the Java code to look at the land cover data I loaded in the second article linked above:

```
1  import java.sql.Connection;
2  import java.sql.Statement;
3  import java.sql.ResultSet;
4  import java.sql.DriverManager;
5  import java.sql.SQLException;

6  public class TestQuery {

7      public static void main(String[] args) {

8          final String url = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost/landcover";
9          final String user = "clh";
10         final String password = "carl-man";
11         try (Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password)) {
12             try (Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {
13                 ResultSet res = statement.executeQuery("select distinct country_code from land_cover");
14                 while (res.next()) {
15                     System.out.println("country code " + res.getString("country_code"));
16                 }

17             } catch (SQLException se) {
18                 System.err.println(se.getMessage());
19             }
20         } catch (SQLException ce) {
21             System.err.println(ce.getMessage());
22         }
23     }
24 }
```

Lines 1-5 are the necessary import statements for the JDBC classes. Of course, I could shorten this to `import java.sql.*` but that sort of thing is somewhat frowned-upon these days.

Lines 6-24 define the public class `TestQuery` I will use to connect to the database and print some of the contents of the main table.

Lines 7-23 define the `main` method that does the work.

Lines 8-10 define the three strings needed to connect to a database: The URL, the user name, and the user password.

Lines 11-22 use a try-with-resources to open the `Connection` instance and automatically close it when done.

Lines 12 -19 use another try-with-resources to open the `Statement` instance and automatically close it when done.

Line 13 creates the `ResultSet` instance handle the SQL query, which uses **SELECT DISTINCT** to get all unique values of **country_code** from the **land_cover** table in the database.

Lines 14-16 process the result set returned by the query, printing out the country codes one per line.

Lines 17-19 and 20-22 handle any SQL exceptions.

#### Groovy example

I'll do something similar in Groovy:

```
1  import groovy.sql.Sql

2  final String url = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost/landcover"
3  final String user = "me"
4  final String password = "my-password"
5  final String driver = "org.postgresql.Driver"

6  Sql.withInstance(url, user, password, driver) { sql ->

7      sql.eachRow('select distinct country_code from land_cover') { row ->
8        println "row.country_code ${row.country_code}"
9      }
10  }
```

Okay, that's a lot shorter–10 lines instead of 24! Here are the details:

Line 1 is the only import needed. In my view, not having to jump around JavaDocs for three different classes is a distinct advantage.

Lines 2-5 define the four strings needed to connect to a database using the `Sql` class. The first three are the same as for `java.sql.Connection` ; the fourth names the driver I want.

Line 6 is doing a bunch of heavy lifting. The method call is `Sql.withInstance()`, similar to other uses of "with" in Groovy. The call:

* Creates an instance of `Sql` (connection, statement, etc.).
* Takes a closure as its final parameter, passing it the instance of `Sql` that it created.
* Closes the instance of `Sql` when the closure exits.

Line 7 calls the `eachRow()` method of the `Sql` instance, wrapping the creation and processing of the result set. The `eachRow()` method takes a closure as its final argument and passes each `row` to the closure as it processes the returned lines of data from the table.

### Groovy can simplify your life

For those of you whose day job involves scripting and relational databases, I think it's pretty obvious from the above that Groovy can simplify your life. A few closing comments:

* I could have accomplished this similarly to the Java version; for example, instead of calling `sql.eachRow()`, I could have called `sql.query()`, which takes a closure as its last argument and passes a result set to that closure, at which point I would have probably used a `while()` as in the Java version (or maybe `each()`).
* I could also read the resulting rows into a list, all at once, using a call to `sql.rows()`, which can transform the data in a manner similar to using `.collect()` on a list.
* Remember that the SQL passed into the `eachRow()` (or `query()`) method can be arbitrarily complex, including table joins, grouping, ordering, and any other operations supported by the database in question.
* Note that SQL can also be parametrized when using an instance of `PreparedStatement`, which is a nice way to avoid SQL injection if any part of the SQL comes in from outside the coder's sphere of control.
* This is a good moment to point the diligent reader to the [JavaDocs for groovy.sql.Sql][5].

### Groovy resources

The [Apache Groovy language site][6] provides a good tutorial-level overview of working with databases, including other ways to connect, plus additional operations, including insertions, deletions, transactions, batching, pagination—the list goes on. This documentation is quite concise and easy to follow, at least partly because the facility it is documenting has itself been designed to be concise and easy to use!

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

via: https://opensource.com/article/22/10/groovy-vs-java-sql

作者:[Chris Hermansen][a]
选题:[lkxed][b]
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)

本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

[a]: https://opensource.com/users/clhermansen
[b]: https://github.com/lkxed
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/lead-images/java-coffee-beans.jpg
[2]: https://groovy.apache.org/download.html
[3]: https://opensource.com/article/22/9/install-jdbc-linux
[4]: https://opensource.com/article/22/9/drop-your-database-for-postgresql
[5]: https://docs.groovy-lang.org/latest/html/api/index.html
[6]: https://groovy-lang.org/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Heritage railway to commemorate 150 years
Heritage railway to commemorate 150 years since the line opened in 1865
By Georgia Diebelius
Transport enthusiasts, two world wars and 15 decades mark the history behind a heritage railway station.
The Epping Ongar Railway, is set to commemorate 150 years since the Tube line was opened in Coopersale, Epping, in 1865.
In 1862 the construction of a line to connect Loughton and Ongar was put underway by Epping Railway.
After three years of building, the first train to pass through the line, which was made up of six stations known as Chigwell Lane – which is now Debden, Theydon Bois, Epping, North Weald, Blake Hall and Ongar, did so on April 24 1865 and was met by local dignitaries, a brass band and Cadet Corps from Dr Clark's Grammar School, which fired a celebration volley as it arrived in Ongar.
Ongar saw the most changes in the early part of the line's history.
A cattle pen was added in June 1868, a new approach road to the goods yard in October 1870 and a Porters' Room in 1887 which matched the original 1865 station.
A cart weighbridge was installed in April 1889 for £155 which is still on display at Ongar Station.
The railway, which had one passenger platform, five sidings and a goods shed, became an important part of the economy after it was used regularly to transport milk into the city.
By 1918 more than 680,000 pints of milk was being supplied to Stratford each week, however following the end of the First World War, rail strikes, competition from road transport and a lack of investment in bulk handling facilities, the level of freight traffic diminished.
In 1949, a New Works Programme proposed by the Government saw the line electrified and a twenty minute passenger service was offered between Epping and Ongar, however passenger numbers were reducing.
In 1970 London Transport reported that the Epping to Ongar section of the line was operating at a loss of £100,000 per year and it started formal closure proceedings which were later refused by The Secretary of State in 1972.
In 1980 London Transport attempted to obtain a further closure order however this sparked the creation of the Epping and Ongar Railway Society and Epping Forest Railway Ltd, a group which both aimed at saving the line and operating it as a heritage railway.
With six passengers a day Blake Hall Station was the least used station on the whole London Transport Network and was closed in October 1981.
In the early 90s London Transport again applied for closure, this time suggesting the sale of the branch as an operational railway to a third party.
This was approved and on September 30, 1994, passenger services between Epping and Ongar were withdrawn.
In May 2012 an extensive rebuilding project saw the Epping Ongar Railway, which is now locally known for its Christmas, Halloween and half term events, resume steam and diesel services on the line.
Today, staff and volunteers on the line are preparing to celebrate their 150th anniversary with visits from historic 1920s LNER locomotives over the weekend on April 24 to 26.
Dean Walton, Business Development Manager said, "The staff and volunteers of the Epping Ongar Railway feel very privileged to be part of the line's 150 year history.
"The celebrations begin in earnest on April 24 when we mark the events 150 years ago with a tremendous line up of locomotives.
"We will continue into our community-focused Victorian event in August.
"No doubt a glass or two will be raised, off duty of course, at times throughout the year
"We all are proud to have played our part in preserving the line for years to come."


The Division of Molecular Embryology is studying mechanisms regulating cell differen-tiation. The aim is to characterize molecular mechanisms relevant for the formation of the body axis in frogs and mice. To this end, we are identifying developmental control genes and investigating how these are regulated and what their functions are. Our special interest is devoted to investigating the molecular characteristics of a region of the embryo called Spemann organizer. Another focus is the systematic analysis of gene activity during early embryonic development.


text:
Last edited by Mezinris
Sunday, May 3, 2020 | History
2 edition of Ideology against art found in the catalog.
Ideology against art
an analysis of the reception of the work of Bertolt Brecht in the theatres and criticism of Great Britain, West Germany and the German Democratic Republic
by Peter Bennett
Published 1987 by typescript in [s.l.] .
Brecht, Bertolt, -- 1898-1956.
Thesis (M.A.) - University of Warwick, 1987.
Statement Peter Bennett.
Ideology definition is - a manner or the content of thinking characteristic of an individual, group, or culture. How to use ideology in a sentence. What Does ideology Mean? Ideology - Ideology - The philosophical context: Ideologies, in fact, are sometimes spoken of as if they belonged to the same logical category as religions. Both are assuredly in a certain sense "total" systems, concerned at the same time with questions of truth and questions of conduct; but the differences between ideologies and religions are perhaps more important than the similarities.
The Los Angeles Review of Books is a (c)(3) nonprofit. vip tickets + art sponsor credit + book selections + tote + print quarterly journal + digital "The Ideology of Localism" is. politics is messy and complex, and his book defends it against those who would identify it with (and reduce it to) ideology, democracy, nationalism, or technology. This Fourth edition has been updated to include an assessment of the revolutions in in Eastern Europe. It also examines current situations in Northern Ireland, Israel and Palestine.
Abstract. The major focus of critiques of traditional studies of literature, art and culture in general, from Marxists and sociologists, has probably been the task of exposing the ideological nature of art. 1 A secondary concern has been to expose the ideological nature of art criticism and literary criticism. 2 This is opposed to approaches which see art as somehow 'above' historical and Cited by: 2. Ornament is Crime is a visual compendium of the Modernist home, from early s designs to contemporary structures carrying the austere Author: Allison Meier.
New Scots poetry
class origins of the modern American state, 1877-1916
Pictures with flowers
US Icons and Iconicity (American Studies in Austria)
Eagle Tales
study of the types of literature
C B Moss (1888-1964)
FAH 452
Whos happy now? A comedy in three acts.
The Geffrye Almshouses
The Holistic Reference Guide to Nutritional Therapy
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Trade union law
John O. Rice.
Philippine policy of Secretary Taft
Merchant pioneers
British Indias future standard currency
Women in Zambia
The Great South Woods II
Ideology against art by Peter Bennett Download PDF EPUB FB2
Art Against Ideology Hardcover – January 1, by Ernst Fischer (Author) › Visit Amazon's Ernst Fischer Page. Find all the books, read about the author, and more. See search results for this author. Are you an author.
Learn about Author Central Cited by: Art Against Ideology book. Read reviews from world's largest community for readers/5(4).
Every ideology also has its characteristic philosophical tenets spreading from left to right, which conform to the cycle of ideas; and, finally, an ideology must be taken up by some section of the population who can translate it into by: Endgame and Ivan Denisovich --Coexistence and ideology --The deformation of man --The problem of decadence --In praise of the imagination.
Other Titles: Kunst und Koexistenz. Responsibility: by Ernst Fischer, translated by Anna Bostock. Additional Physical Format: Online version: Fischer, Ernst, Art against ideology. London, Allen Lane, The Penguin P., (OCoLC) There's an art and science to creating great presentation slides and Slide:ology gives you insight into both.
When making presentations, you need to think visually. However, most organizations don't train people in thinking like a designer and we certainly don't learn visual language in school the way we learn written language.
The internet may be rife with lists of books "every artist must read," but a new set of book recommendations Verso Books is a fresh take on Ideology against art book usual required reading.
The largest radical publishing house in the English-speaking world, Verso Books knows a thing or two about looking at art from a different : Format Team. Starship Troopers is a military science fiction novel by American writer Robert A.
n in a few weeks in reaction to the U.S. suspending nuclear tests, the story was first published as a two-part serial in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction as Starship Soldier, and published as a book by G. Putnam's Sons in December The story is set in a future society ruled by a Author: Robert A.
Heinlein. The problem is that the length of "Capital and Ideology" seems, at least to me, to reflect in part a lack of focus.
[ This book was one of our most anticipated titles of March. See the full list. Ideology And Art. Welcome,you are looking at books for reading, the Ideology And Art, you will able to read or download in Pdf or ePub books and notice some of author may have lock the live reading for some of country.
Therefore it need a FREE signup process to obtain the book. A 'read' is counted each time someone views a publication summary (such as the title, abstract, and list of authors), clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the full-text.
Adolf Hitler formulated and articulated the ideas that came to be known as Nazi ideology. Born in a small town in Austria, Hitler had failed as an art student before becoming a corporal in the German army.
Like many of his countrymen, he was embittered and humiliated by Germany's defeat in World War I and was further outraged by the terms of. Thoughts about the evolution of Eukaryotes and the role of mitochondria.
I don't agree with everything, but this is a well written and interesting book. Nick Lane; Scientific methods and pitfalls, evidence-based medicine, etc: Bad Science Ben Goldacre skewers the enemies of reason with wit and passion.
The book is hilarious, although the fun. Adolph Hitler, German politician, leader of the Nazi Party, and by near-universal accounts the most monstrous and terrifying leader in the twentieth century, led his nation into a disastrous war and triggered the extermination of millions of his own citizens due to his anti-Semitic ideology.
Merriam-Webster defines ideology as: 1): visionary theorizing. 2) a: a systematic body of concepts especially about human life or culture. b: a manner or the content of thinking characteristic of an individual, group, or culture. Books Music Art & design TV & radio Stage When his book The End of History and the Last Man appeared three years Major's "back to basics" campaign was against highfalutin ideology Author: Eliane Glaser.
In his book "How Propaganda Works," the philosopher Jason Stanley argues, "When the identity tied up with an ideology is one that benefits from being ignorant of some parts of social reality Author: Craig Axford.
Punk ideologies are inherently left-wing and go against right-wing ideology. Punk ideologies are usually expressed through punk rock music and lyrics, punk literature such as amateur fanzines, spoken word performances or recordings, punk fashion, or punk visual art.
Thomas Piketty is a French economist and former wunderkind, who obtained his PhD from the London School of Economics at twenty-two. He is also that rarest of things: a bestselling academic author.
His weighty book Capital in the Twenty-First Century was a surprise bestseller, which sparked much commentary and criticism. The book's primary claim—underpinned by an.
WHAT IS IDEOLOGY. John Levi Martin University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America. Abstract Political ideology has been a confusing topic for social analysts, and those who attempted to eschew judgmental reductions of others' conceptions and develop a non-polemical.
Conservatism, political doctrine that emphasizes the value of traditional institutions and practices. Conservatism is a preference for the historically inherited rather than the abstract and ideal.
This preference has traditionally rested on an organic conception of society—that is, on the belief that society is not merely a loose collection of individuals but a living organism comprising.'Ideology and Children's Books' pages in Handbook of Research on Children's and Young Adult Literature, Edited by Shelby Wolf, Karen Coats, Patricia Enciso, Christine Jenkins.
Terry Eagleton received a Ph.D from Cambridge University. He is a literary critic and a writer. He has written about 50 books including Shakespeare and Society, Criticism and Ideology, The Ideology of the Aesthetic, Literary Theory, The Illusions of Postmodernism, Why Marx Was Right, The Event of Literature, and Across the Pond: An Englishman's View of America.4/5(1).
lestisserandsduquebec.com - Ideology against art book © 2020


Why create a delocalized platform anyway?
What will be the impact of the Binance DEX?
There are some very obvious advantages to the creation of a delocalized platform by BNCE, and 2019 will be a very interesting year as this and many other developments in the crypto-sphere will be coming into effect. What's for sure is that BNCE will only be the first to launch a delocalized platform before others follow suit. It all comes down to how well the platform performs, but we all know that crypto companies need to find innovative solutions to some of the problems they are facing.


After plunging the first two days of the week, the SkyNet StockBots battled it out to a mostly highly close in relatively quit trading. The DJIA, up 200 points at its high, sold off again in the afternoon and closed down a point. The NASDAQ held onto most of its early gains, closing up 63 points (0.9%).


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Jamie Foxx Gets Into A Fight At USHER Concert In L.A.
I'm thinking Jamie Foxx may need to hire new security guards. Word is Jamie got into a fight during Usher's L.A. concert Thursday night.
Our peeps say people started pushing when Usher came on stage and someone took a shot at Jamie! Jamie swung back and hit the guy before security…
Added by Kenny Smoov on February 11, 2011 at 11:04am — 1 Comment
Diddy and Cassie...BUCKET NAKED!!!
Photos of a naked Cassie getting smooched by a towel-draped Diddy while sitting on his lap leaked Wednesday evening. The site also cites a "rock-solid snitch" saying that Diddy is "head over heels" in love with…
Added by Kenny Smoov on February 11, 2011 at 11:01am — No Comments
Mississippi to Honor NATHAN BEDFORD FORREST with a License Plate...WOW!
Mississippi might get a custom license plate honoring an early leader of the Ku Klux Klan. The Mississippi Division of Sons of Confederate Veterans wants to sponsor a series of state-issued license plates, with some specifically honoring General Nathan Bedford-Forrest.
Forrest was seen by a… Continue
FED Boys kick in Dorrough's Crib/Ja Rule going to the POKEY!
Dorrough was arrested on Tuesday after 10 DEA agents raided his Dallas home looking for weapons and drugs. A source close to the "Ice Cream Paint Job" MC says that even though he was arrested, agents didn't find any drugs or weapons on the premises. According to AllHipHop.com, he's enlisted "powerful attorneys," including a former…
Ciara DROPPED..!!
Hearing from some pretty reliable sources that CIARA has been dropped by her label (JIVE). Her latest project has moved under 40,000 units and the project before that barely sold 100,000 copies.
So what's up yall??? Why yall not coping the new Ciara Joints?
Now That's the Republican Party I KNOW...LMAO!!
Rep. Christopher Lee of western … Continue
MARVIN SEASE DEAD AT AGE 64
Marvin Sease, R&B singer behind 'Candy Licker, is dead at the age of 64 from pneumonia. Marvin Sease, a soul singer who took his lyrics to places that colleagues like Marvin Gaye only suggested, died Tuesday of pneumonia in Vicksburg, Miss.
He would have turned 65 next Wednesday.…
HALLE BERRY: My Daughter Is Black
Following recent reports that Halle Berry's ex, Gabriel Aubry, would get upset whenever anyone called their daughter Nahla black, Halle has come out swinging. She tells Ebony that she considers her daughter African-American and believes in the "one-drop rule." Historically, the one-drop rule has been used to…
AMBER ROSE: Nude Photos Leak
Nude pictures of Kanye West's ex, Amber Rose, hit the Internet yesterday. In one shot, Amber wears an open pink robe, exposing her body. In another she's in a blue tank top with her breast spilling out the top, and then there's a series of her completely in the buff. It appears she took the photos herself with a cell…
TISHA CAMPBELL-MARTIN: Battling Genetic Lung Disorder
My Wife and Kids star Tisha Campbell-Martin has revealed that she's battling the genetic lung disorder sarcoidosis. She says she's in stage two and that she's trying to reverse it with medical treatment and by working out and eating right.
Sarcoidosis is the lung disease that killed comedian Bernie Mac in…
Remember the Carlina White Story...She Was Kidnapped 23 Years Ago and Reunited With Birth Parents
It's been an emotional roller coaster to say the least for Carlina White and her biological family since their reunion last month following her kidnapping 23 years ago.
And the drama continues: Carlina's birth mother Joy White says she's become unresponsive and reports say Carlina won't talk to the media without money. IIt's been pretty tough,"…
Added by Kenny Smoov on February 9, 2011 at 6:40am — 1 Comment
What ATL Female Rapper is Now A SKRIPPA?
Guess that rap money ain't coming in too tough so what's a girl to do..??
You can now catch DTP Rapper Shawna gettin' her TWERK ON at ATL's Magic City...located over there by the Greyhound Bus Station, Downtown Atlanta, right off I-20, around the corner from the police…
FANTASIA IS PREGGO???
Fantasia is carrying boyfriend Antwaun Cook's child!! A family member tells the site that the former American Idol star is "just short of three months pregnant." Reps for Fantasia didn't return our calls to confirm the story...
PINK BABY PICS
CHECK OUT PINK'S BABY BUMP PICS - CLICK HERE
Pink has gotten tired of showing off her baby bump for photographers -- so she's decided to take her own pics of the baby on board. She Tweeted a self-portrait with a note reading, "Because paparazzi of today have absolutely no photographic skill or…
BASKETBALL WIVES STAR QUITS
Suzie Ketchum allegedly "couldn't take the heat" as a reality star and will not be back on VH1's Basketball Wives next season. TMZ cites the bullying she endured at the hands of Shaunie O'Neal, but a source adds that all the cyber-haters online were getting to her,… Continue
HAPPY "JUMP OFF DAY" - Feb 13th!
Valentine's Day is coming up and men, especially married men, know that they have to do something nice for their wives.
But get this: February 13th, the day before Valentine's Day, has unofficially become "Mistress Day." Married guys who cheat on their wives like to pamper their mistresses the day before Valentine's… Continue
I Got Dat Weed SON!!!
Robert Michelson of Connecticut was arrested after calling 911 to ask "hypothetical" questions about what could happen to him legally if he grew pot in his house. He later found out, after cops traced his number and arrested him. Michelson was charged with possession and growing pot, and was released on $5000… Continue
I Got Gladys Knight Tickets On The Show Today (Double Play Tuesday)
Be listening at around 12:15pm today for a double play from Gladys Knight! Be caller #9 and win. Also picking a winner from this list as well...CLICK HERE
FA-BO-LO-US...Will Soon Be Talking To Police in the ATL!
FABOLOUS: Accused of Bustin' Down the Busboy
An Atlanta busboy is accusing Fabolous of assaulting him recently at the Fox Sports Grill. Octavius Butler filed a suit this week alleging that Fab punched him and knocked him in the head with a glass bottle. Butler's suit says the attack was…
Jack Lalanne laid to rest...
Fitness guru Jack LaLanne was remembered Tuesday at Forest Lawn cemetery in the Hollywood Hills.
At the "Celebration of Life" ceremony, Arnold Schwarzenegger said LaLanne suggested they work out together when they first met in 1968 on Venice… Continue


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geagreennews.com
Question: When A Girl Says You Mean Alot To Me?
Why would a girl be mad at you?
How do you say I love you in a cute way of texting?
What are 5 ways to say I love you?
How do you say I love you to a woman?
What does it mean you mean a lot to me?
How do you tell if a girl likes you?
What can I say instead of love you?
What do girl really want?
How do you say it means so much to me?
How do you respond to it means alot to me?
How do I accept a compliment on my looks?
What does it mean when a girl says you're mean?
How do you know if a girl likes you but is hiding it?
What to say when someone calls you beautiful?
What does it mean when a girl says you mean a lot to me?
She is mad at you because she doesn't feel you loving her.
She doesn't feel your love and attention and so she starts closing off to you.
It isn't that she's trying to make sure you know you messed up, it's simply that she wants to make sure you are still loving her..
Cute Ways To Send An 'I Love You' Text to Your LoverI Miss You.I Like Seeing You.You Are My Favorite Person.I Want You Beside Me All The Time.I Miss Your Touch.I Can Spend My Whole Life Being With You.The Future With You Is So Clear.I Love Texting You.More items…
5 Ways to Say "I Love You" Without Saying "I Love You""I'm here for you." … "Tell me more." … "You matter so much to me." … "How are you — really?" … "I enjoy you!"
100 Creative Ways To Say 'I Love You'I've got nothing but love for you.I have feelings for you.I'm falling for you.I care for you.You're everything to me.I'm turned on by you.You're my one and only.I'm yours.More items…•
The phrase "It means a lot to me" is an expression used when something or someone is very important and is something you appriciate. Can also be written as "I am really grateful for this, I'm really happy/indebted".
Signs a Girl Is Attracted to YouSmiling at you.Shooting short glances your way.Darting her eyes away when you look at her.Making prolonged eye contact with you.Running fingers through her hair.Licking her lips.Exposing her neck.Tilting her heads towards you.More items…•
100+ Alternative Ways to Say "I Love You!"Every time I look at you, I feel love and inspiration.I just wouldn't feel complete without you.I made you tacos.I am here for you… always.You are my treasure—the most precious thing in my life.You're my baby.I'm all yours.You complete me.More items…•
Compassion – shows her you're capable of loving. A woman doesn't only want a man to have love only for her, but a love for life, for living things. She wants a kind man, a man whom others will look up to, appreciate and admire. She wants a good man. She doesn't see being good and compassionate as a weakness.
I would appreciate it, very much. I couldn't thank you enough. It would mean the world to me….These other words come to mind:I would appreciate it if…I would prefer if…I would be delighted…I would really appreciate it if…It would be my pleasure if…It would be amazing if…I would be off the moon if…
He is saying, "Thank you", so the usual reply is, "You're welcome", or "my pleasure" or "think nothing of it", etc., depending on the context. How do I reply to someone who said they will be leaving me?
If someone pays you a compliment, the easiest response is just to say "thank you." For example, if someone compliments your outfit (yet you think you look sloppy), simply say, "Thank you." Don't look for "hidden meanings" or make your own interpretations of the compliment to diminish it. Accept it at face value.
It means exactly what she said. You are being mean. It's common sense. It means she probably dose not like what you are doing or how you are acting towards her.
Signs she is hiding her feelings for you.#1 Body language. At the end of the day, no matter how much she hides her emotions, she cannot hide her body language. … #2 She's flirty over text. … #3 Her friends know about you. … #4 She's always there for you. … #5 She's apologetic. … #6 She laughs at your jokes. … #7 Eye contact.More items…
What is a good response for when someone says you're beautiful? Just say 'thank-you'. Doesn't matter if they are genuine or not. The problem is when you get someone who says… "you are beautiful and you make me want to…." Your physical appearance doesn't make anyone do anything.
Originally Answered: When a girl says, "you mean a lot to me", what does it mean? It means that she treasures your friendship and doesn't want to lose you over a failed relationship or likewise. And wants to remain friends with you no matter what state of mind you are in. You should hold on to her.
Question: What Type Of Light Bulb Is Closest To Natural Light?
Are natural light and daylight bulbs the same? If you'
Quick Answer: Can Walgreens Print Documents?
Can I copy documents at Walgreens? While you can'
What Is Adjective And Its Type?
What is adjective and its types with examples PDF?
Does Listening To Sad Music Help?
What makes sound sad? As I understand it, Gladwell'
What Is The Easter Message?
What is the traditional Easter greeting? In the Latin
What Color Is Your Personality?
What do the 4 personality colors mean? Hartman Personality
Quick Answer: Is Reading Books A Good Habit?
What are the 5 benefits of reading? Research shows
How Do I Turn A Normal Lens Into A Macro?
What is the difference between micro and macro lens?
Can Voltage Be Negative In A Circuit?
Can current be negative in a circuit? Take a pin/port
What Is A Good Small Gift For Coworkers?
What should I get my coworker for her birthday?
Who Said God Is A Mathematician?
What did Galileo Galilei mean when he said Mathematics
Quick Answer: What Are Some Depressing Words?
What's the saddest word in English almost? "
Quick Answer: Does The Teacher Or The Bell Dismiss You?
Are teachers allowed to take your phone away?
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I've become a fan of OpenNMS as a general purpose monitoring and datacollection platform.
It has a lot of "enterprise" features that I don't need for most of my personal stuff, but (IMHO) it does a better job of doing basic service monitoring, performance metric collection, etc than things like Nagios (or other hacks I've made in the past).
One thing I've done with it is start to collect my local weather data, so that I can graph it side-by-side with data pulled from my thermostat, etc.
Unfortunately, the Weather Underground API is no longer free ("as in beer") no longer available, but hopefully this serves as an example of the sort of stuff you can do with OpenNMS.
OpenNMS is able to collect data from a number of sources, including SNMP, and basically anything you get fetch over HTTP.
To get data from Wunderground, we'll use the XmlCollector. Despite its name, it can also work with JSON, though in this case, Wunderground gives us XML anyways.
This tells OpenNMS that, if we have a node configured with the "Wunderground-Conditions" service, it should trigger this datacollection.
Here, the "name" of the collection matches up with the paramter we defined in the Collectd config.
If you're lucky enough to still have a Wunderground API key, you just need to put it in place of YOURAPIKEY above, and change the rest of the query to be something like /conditions/q/NY/New_York.xml.
That should "just work" for any Wundergroud location, and should tell OpenNMS to hold on to basically all of the numeric values I saw in the results. All of that get stored in your time series database of choice (JRobin, RRDtool, or Newts).
It also holds onto the "display_location" string (just the latest value), which you can use to help give a more meaningful label to your graphs.
Updated 2019-03-06: note that the Wunderground API appears to be really and truly dead.


With the size of 10-team District 17-6A, there's no time for non-district pleasantries, so Cypress Ranch and Cy-Fair – two of the district's top teams – collided in their season opener for the second straight year.
And once again it was Cypress Ranch coming out on top, winning 4-3 Tuesday at home.
"It's hard because we don't get any preseason games," Ranch coach Sarah Mueller said. "We go straight from scrimmages into district and face one of the top teams in the district right off the bat.
"So it's definitely hard, but it's also motivating at the same time."
Basketball in 17-6A goes with zone play, so they play 13 games, and that's an option in softball, but it's not ideal.
So, to play more games without playing over spring break – and they can only play 17 in district, so everybody plays eight teams twice and one team once – they go straight into the ones that count.
"We've just never done it that way," Cy-Fair coach Marissa Stevens said of zone play.
Cy Ranch varsity softball head coach Sarah Mueller.
"Now, I don't know what's going to happen in the future with two new high schools coming up. You never know. I'm sure we're going to have to go back to the drawing board and see how that all plays out."
The opener didn't play out in the Bobcats' favor.
They took a 2-1 lead on Alissa Dalton's towering two-run double that dropped into center in the fourth, then pushed their advantage to 3-1 with Hannah Scheaffer's run-scoring double in the fifth.
But the Mustangs chipped away with runs in the fifth and sixth innings to tie it.
Then pitcher Hannah Broseman silenced Cy-Fair in the seventh, striking out two to push her total to 13.
The top of Ranch's ordered supplied the drama.
Leadoff hitter Karlee Canada singled, Sophie Godinich moved her to second with a sacrifice bunt, and then Canada reached third base on a wild pitch and scored on Tori Lopez' sacrifice fly to center.
"They showed a lot of heart, a lot of character and a lot of togetherness," Mueller said. "We've been talking about finishing, all the way to the end, and they rose to the occasion and came through."
Broseman fanned seven the first time through the order.
The top of the Bobcats' lineup caught up with her in the middle innings, but Broseman, who threw 135 pitches in her first action, finished strong, allowing only one hit in the final two innings.
She gave up three runs on six hits with one walk.
"She's a competitor and I expected nothing less of her," Mueller said.
Ranch tallied five hits, with Canada going 2-for-4 with a triple in the fifth. Jules Trevino went 2-for-3 with an RBI.
Cy-Fair starter Mikayla De La Santos left with no decision. Kinsie Hebler took the loss in two relief innings.
Sheridan Fisher went 3-for-4 with two runs scored to lead the Bobcats at the plate.
"Our district is so big, and this being our first district ballgame is tough," Stevens said. "There are other schools out there that are getting a couple more games in, and getting some good practices, but you've got to roll with it."


Mohammad Hafeez's bowling action was banned three times in the past but he was successful in clarifying his action every time, but in his batting, but Hafeez's non-serious attitude in batting getting down his position in team and selection committee already worried about Hafeez. Mohammad Hafeez also faced criticism from team management and players.
Earlier, Mohammad Hafeez was dropped from the Test side after faring poorly in the first three matches of Pakistan's series in England two years ago, before being recalled for series against Australia in October. He celebrated his recall with a century in the first Test against Australia in October and later revealed that his wife had persuaded him not to quit the sport.
Hafeez has just announced retirement from the Test cricket and he will continue to represent the national team in One Day and Test cricket.


Fourbirdsaboating are currently recruiting for two ladies to join them on their next adventure: Rowing across the Pacific Ocean in 2014.
The Selection day will be held on Saturday 28th September 2013, 1.30pm to 8pm at the Leander Club in Henley-On-Thames. Book a place here, deadline to apply is 12 noon on Wednesday 25th September 2013.


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July 12 & 19, 2021 Issue
What Makes a Cult a Cult?
The line between delusion and what the rest of us believe may be blurrier than we think.
By Zoë Heller
All of us hold some beliefs for which there is no compelling evidence.Illustration by Cristiana Couceiro; Source photographs from Corbis / Getty; Ferd Kaufman / AP (Children of God); Haruyoshi Yamaguchi / Alamy (Aum); Frédéric Soltan / Corbis / Getty (Auroville); Sandhi Satria Graha / EyeEm / Getty (mountain); Keiko Hiromi / Alamy (flag)
Male cult leaders sometimes claim droit du seigneur over female followers or use physical violence to sexually exploit them. But, on the whole, they find it more efficient to dress up the exploitation as some sort of gift or therapy: an opportunity to serve God, an exorcism of "hangups," a fast track to spiritual enlightenment. One stratagem favored by Keith Raniere, the leader of the New York-based self-help cult NXIVM, was to tell the female disciples in his inner circle that they had been high-ranking Nazis in their former lives, and that having yogic sex with him was a way to shift the residual bad energy lurking in their systems.
According to Sarah Berman, whose book "Don't Call It a Cult" (Steerforth) focusses on the experiences of NXIVM's women members, Raniere was especially alert to the manipulative uses of shame and guilt. When he eventually retired his Nazi story—surmising, perhaps, that there were limits to how many reincarnated S.S. officers one group could plausibly contain—he replaced it with another narrative designed to stimulate self-loathing. He told the women that the privileges of their gender had weakened them, turned them into prideful "princesses," and that, in order to be freed from the prison of their mewling femininity, they needed to submit to a program of discipline and suffering. This became the sales spiel for the NXIVM subgroup DOS (Dominus Obsequious Sororium, dog Latin for "Master of the Obedient Sisterhood"), a pyramid scheme of sexual slavery in which members underwrote their vow of obedience to Raniere by having his initials branded on their groins and handing over collateral in the form of compromising personal information and nude photos. At the time of Raniere's arrest, in 2018, on charges of sex trafficking, racketeering, and other crimes, DOS was estimated to have more than a hundred members and it had been acquiring equipment for a B.D.S.M. dungeon. Among the orders: a steel puppy cage, for those members "most committed to growth."
Given that NXIVM has already been the subject of two TV documentary series, a podcast, four memoirs, and a Lifetime movie, it would be unfair to expect Berman's book to present much in the way of new insights about the cult. Berman provides some interesting details about Raniere's background in multilevel-marketing scams and interviews one of Raniere's old schoolmates, who remembers him, unsurprisingly, as an insecure bully. However, to the central question of how "normal" women wound up participating in Raniere's sadistic fantasies, she offers essentially the same answer as everyone else. They were lured in by Raniere's purportedly life-changing self-actualization "tech" (a salad of borrowings from est, Scientology, and Ayn Rand) and then whacked with a raft of brainwashing techniques. They were gaslit, demoralized, sleep-deprived, put on starvation diets, isolated from their friends and families, and subjected to a scientifically dubious form of psychotherapy known as neurolinguistic programming. Raniere was, as the U.S. Attorney whose office prosecuted the case put it, "a modern-day Svengali" and his followers were mesmerized pawns.
Until very recently, Berman argues, we would not have recognized the victimhood of women who consented to their own abuse: "It has taken the #MeToo movement, and with it a paradigm shift in our understanding of sexual abuse, to even begin to realize that this kind of 'complicity' does not disqualify women . . . from seeking justice." This rather overstates the case, perhaps. Certainly, the F.B.I. had been sluggish in responding to complaints about NXIVM, and prosecutors were keener to pursue the cult in the wake of the Harvey Weinstein scandal, but, with or without #MeToo, the legal argument against a man who used the threat of blackmail to keep women as his branded sex slaves would have been clear. In fact, Berman and others, in framing the NXIVM story as a #MeToo morality tale about coerced consent, are prone to exaggerate Raniere's mind-controlling powers. The fact that Raniere collected kompromat from DOS members strongly suggests that his psychological coercion techniques were not, by themselves, sufficient to keep women acquiescent. A great many people were, after all, able to resist his spiral-eyed ministrations: they met him, saw a sinister little twerp with a center part who insisted on being addressed as "Vanguard," and, sooner or later, walked away.
It is also striking that the degree of agency attributed to NXIVM members seems to differ depending on how reprehensible their behavior in the cult was. While brainwashing is seen to have nullified the consent of Raniere's DOS "slaves," it is generally not felt to have diminished the moral or legal responsibility of women who committed crimes at his behest. Lauren Salzman and the former television actor Allison Mack, two of the five NXIVM women who have pleaded guilty to crimes committed while in the cult, were both DOS members, and arguably more deeply in Raniere's thrall than most. Yet the media have consistently portrayed them as wicked "lieutenants" who cast themselves beyond the pale of sympathy by "choosing" to deceive and harm other women.
The term "brainwashing" was originally used to describe the thought-reform techniques developed by the Maoist government in China. Its usage in connection with cults began in the early seventies. Stories of young people being transformed into "Manchurian Candidate"-style zombies stoked the paranoia of the era and, for a time, encouraged the practice of kidnapping and "deprogramming" cult members. Yet, despite the lasting hold of brainwashing on the public imagination, the scientific community has always regarded the term with some skepticism. Civil-rights organizations and scholars of religion have strenuously objected to using an unproven—and unprovable—hypothesis to discredit the self-determination of competent adults. Attempts by former cult members to use the "brainwashing defense" to avoid conviction for crimes have repeatedly failed. Methods of coercive persuasion undoubtedly exist, but the notion of a foolproof method for destroying free will and reducing people to robots is now rejected by almost all cult experts. Even the historian and psychiatrist Robert Lifton, whose book "Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism" (1961) provided one of the earliest and most influential accounts of coercive persuasion, has been careful to point out that brainwashing is neither "all-powerful" nor "irresistible." In a recent volume of essays, "Losing Reality" (2019), he writes that cultic conversion generally involves an element of "voluntary self-surrender."
If we accept that cult members have some degree of volition, the job of distinguishing cults from other belief-based organizations becomes a good deal more difficult. We may recoil from Keith Raniere's brand of malevolent claptrap, but, if he hadn't physically abused followers and committed crimes, would we be able to explain why NXIVM is inherently more coercive or exploitative than any of the "high demand" religions we tolerate? For this reason, many scholars choose to avoid the term "cult" altogether. Raniere may have set himself up as an unerring source of wisdom and sought to shut his minions off from outside influence, but apparently so did Jesus of Nazareth. The Gospel of Luke records him saying, "If any man come to me, and hate not his father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brethren, and sisters, yea, and his own life also, he cannot be my disciple." Religion, as the old joke has it, is just "a cult plus time."
"You say stain, I say patina."
Cartoon by Julia Leigh and Phillip Day
Acknowledging that joining a cult requires an element of voluntary self-surrender also obliges us to consider whether the very relinquishment of control isn't a significant part of the appeal. In HBO's NXIVM documentary, "The Vow," a seemingly sadder and wiser former member says, "Nobody joins a cult. Nobody. They join a good thing, and then they realize they were fucked." The force of this statement is somewhat undermined when you discover that the man speaking is a veteran not only of NXIVM but also of Ramtha's School of Enlightenment, a group in the Pacific Northwest led by a woman who claims to channel the wisdom of a "Lemurian warrior" from thirty-five thousand years ago. To join one cult may be considered a misfortune; to join two looks like a predilection for the cult experience.
"Not passive victims, they themselves actively sought to be controlled," Haruki Murakami wrote of the members of Aum Shinrikyo, the cult whose sarin-gas attack on the Tokyo subway, in 1995, killed thirteen people. In his book "Underground" (1997), Murakami describes most Aum members as having "deposited all their precious personal holdings of selfhood" in the "spiritual bank" of the cult's leader, Shoko Asahara. Submitting to a higher authority—to someone else's account of reality—was, he claims, their aim. Robert Lifton suggests that people with certain kinds of personal history are more likely to experience such a longing: those with "an early sense of confusion and dislocation," or, at the opposite extreme, "an early experience of unusually intense family milieu control." But he stresses that the capacity for totalist submission lurks in all of us and is probably rooted in childhood, the prolonged period of dependence during which we have no choice but to attribute to our parents "an exaggerated omnipotence." (This might help to explain why so many cult leaders choose to style themselves as the fathers or mothers of their cult "families.")
Some scholars theorize that levels of religiosity and cultic affiliation tend to rise in proportion to the perceived uncertainty of an environment. The less control we feel we have over our circumstances, the more likely we are to entrust our fates to a higher power. (A classic example of this relationship was provided by the anthropologist Bronisław Malinowski, who found that fishermen in the Trobriand Islands, off the coast of New Guinea, engaged in more magic rituals the farther out to sea they went.) This propensity has been offered as an explanation for why cults proliferated during the social and political tumult of the nineteen-sixties, and why levels of religiosity have remained higher in America than in other industrialized countries. Americans, it is argued, experience significantly more economic precarity than people in nations with stronger social safety nets and consequently are more inclined to seek alternative sources of comfort.
The problem with any psychiatric or sociological explanation of belief is that it tends to have a slightly patronizing ring. People understandably grow irritated when told that their most deeply held convictions are their "opium." (Witness the outrage that Barack Obama faced when he spoke of jobless Americans in the Rust Belt clinging "to guns or religion.") Lauren Hough, in her collection of autobiographical essays, "Leaving Isn't the Hardest Thing," gives a persuasive account of the social and economic forces that may help to make cults alluring, while resisting the notion that cult recruits are merely defeated "surrenderers."
Hough spent the first fifteen years of her life in the Children of God, a Christian cult in which pedophilia was understood to have divine sanction and women members were enjoined to become, as one former member recalled, "God's whores." Despite Hough's enduring contempt for those who abused her, her experiences as a minimum-wage worker in mainstream America have convinced her that what the Children of God preached about the inequity of the American system was actually correct. The miseries and indignities that this country visits on its precariat class are enough, she claims, to make anyone want to join a cult. Yet people who choose to do so are not necessarily hapless creatures, buffeted into delusion by social currents they do not comprehend; they are often idealists seeking to create a better world. Of her own parents' decision to join the Children of God, she writes, "All they saw was the misery wrought by greed—the poverty and war, the loneliness and the fucking cruelty of it all. So they joined a commune, a community where people shared what little they had, where people spoke of love and peace, a world without money, a cause. A family. Picked the wrong goddamn commune. But who didn't."
People's attachment to an initial, idealistic vision of a cult often keeps them in it, long after experience would appear to have exposed the fantasy. The psychologist Leon Festinger proposed the theory of "cognitive dissonance" to describe the unpleasant feeling that arises when an established belief is confronted by clearly contradictory evidence. In the classic study "When Prophecy Fails" (1956), Festinger and his co-authors relate what happened to a small cult in the Midwest when the prophecies of its leader, Dorothy Martin, did not come to pass. Martin claimed to have been informed by various disembodied beings that a cataclysmic flood would consume America on December 21, 1954, and that prior to this apocalypse, on August 1, 1954, she and her followers would be rescued by a fleet of flying saucers. When the aliens did not appear, some members of the group became disillusioned and immediately departed, but others dealt with their discomfiture by doubling down on their conviction. They not only stuck with Martin but began, for the first time, to actively proselytize about the imminent arrival of the saucers.
This counterintuitive response to dashed hopes animates Akash Kapur's "Better to Have Gone" (Scribner), an account of Auroville, an "intentional community" founded in southern India in 1968. Auroville was the inspiration of Blanche Alfassa, a Frenchwoman known to her spiritual followers as the Mother. She claimed to have learned from her guru, Sri Aurobindo, a system of "integral yoga," capable of effecting "cellular transformation" and ultimately granting immortality to its practitioners. She intended Auroville (its name alludes both to Sri Aurobindo and to aurore, the French word for dawn) to be the home of integral yoga and the cradle of a future race of immortal, "supramental" men and women.
The Mother does not appear to have had the totalitarian impulses of a true cult leader, but her teachings inspired a cultlike zealotry in her followers. When, five years after Auroville's founding, she failed to achieve the long-promised cellular transformation and died, at the age of ninety-five, the fledgling community went slightly berserk. "She never prepared us for the possibility that she would leave her body," one of the original community members tells Kapur. "I was totally blown away. Actually, I'm still in shock." To preserve the Mother's vision, a militant group of believers, known as the Collective, shut down schools, burned books in the town library, shaved their heads, and tried to drive off those members of the community whom they considered insufficiently devout.
Kapur and his wife both grew up in Auroville, and he interweaves his history of the community with the story of his wife's mother, Diane Maes, and her boyfriend, John Walker, a pair of Aurovillean pioneers who became casualties of what he calls "the search for perfection." In the seventies, Diane suffered a catastrophic fall while helping to build Auroville's architectural centerpiece, the Mother's Temple. In deference to the Mother's teachings, she rejected long-term treatment and focussed on achieving cellular transformation; she never walked again. When John contracted a severe parasitic illness, he refused medical treatment, too, and eventually died. Shortly afterward, Diane committed suicide, hoping to join him and the Mother in eternal life.
Kapur is, by his own account, a person who both mistrusts faith and envies it, who lives closer to "the side of reason" but suspects that his skepticism may represent a failure of the imagination. Although he acknowledges that Diane and John's commitment to their spiritual beliefs killed them, he is not quite prepared to call their faith misplaced. There was, he believes, something "noble, even exalted," about the steadfastness of their conviction. And, while he is appalled by the fanaticism that gripped Auroville, he is grateful for the sacrifices of the pioneers.
Auroville ultimately survived its cultural revolution. The militant frenzy of the Collective subsided, and the community was placed under the administration of the Indian government. Kapur and his wife, after nearly twenty years away, returned there to live. Fifty years after its founding, Auroville may not be the "ideal city" of immortals that the Mother envisaged, but it is still, Kapur believes, a testament to the devotion of its pioneers. "I'm proud that despite our inevitable compromises and appeasements, we've nonetheless managed to create a society—or at least the embers of a society—that is somewhat egalitarian, and that endeavors to move beyond the materialism that engulfs the rest of the planet."
Kapur gives too sketchy a portrait of present-day Auroville for us to confidently judge how much of a triumph the town—population thirty-three hundred—really represents, or whether integral yoga was integral to its success. (Norway has figured out how to be "somewhat egalitarian" without the benefit of a guru's numinous wisdom.) Whether or not one shares Kapur's admiration for the spiritual certainties of his forefathers and mothers, it seems possible that Auroville prospered in spite of, rather than because of, these certainties—that what in the end saved the community from cultic madness and eventual implosion was precisely not faith, not the Mother's totalist vision, but pluralism, tolerance, and the dull "compromises and appeasements" of civic life.
Far from Auroville, it's tempting to take pluralism and tolerance for granted, but both have fared poorly in Internet-age America. The silos of political groupthink created by social media have turned out to be ideal settings for the germination and dissemination of extremist ideas and alternative realities. To date, the most significant and frightening cultic phenomenon to arise from social media is QAnon. According to some observers, the QAnon movement does not qualify as a proper cult, because it lacks a single charismatic leader. Donald Trump is a hero of the movement, but not its controller. "Q," the online presence whose gnomic briefings—"Q drops"—form the basis of the QAnon mythology, is arguably a leader of sorts, but the army of "gurus" and "promoters" who decode, interpret, and embroider Q's utterances have shown themselves perfectly capable of generating doctrine and inciting violence in the absence of Q's directives. (Q has not posted anything since December, but the prophecies and conspiracies have continued to proliferate.) It's possible that our traditional definitions of what constitutes a cult organization will have to adapt to the Internet age and a new model of crowdsourced cult.
"I'm leaving office to spend more time with my family of meerkats."
Cartoon by Michael Shaw
Liberals have good reason to worry about the political reach of QAnon. A survey published in May by the Public Religion Research Institute found that fifteen per cent of Americans subscribe to the central QAnon belief that the government is run by a cabal of Satan-worshipping pedophiles and that twenty per cent believe that "there is a storm coming soon that will sweep away the elites in power and restore the rightful leaders." Yet anxiety about the movement tends to be undercut by laughter at the presumed imbecility of its members. Some of the attorneys representing QAnon followers who took part in the invasion of the Capitol have even made this their chief line of defense; Albert Watkins, who represents Jacob Chansley, the bare-chested "Q Shaman," recently told a reporter that his client and other defendants were "people with brain damage, they're fucking retarded."
Mike Rothschild, in his book about the QAnon phenomenon, "The Storm Is Upon Us" (Melville House), argues that contempt and mockery for QAnon beliefs have led people to radically underestimate the movement, and, even now, keep us from engaging seriously with its threat. The QAnon stereotype of a "white American conservative driven to joylessness by their sense of persecution by liberal elites" ought not to blind us to the fact that many of Q's followers, like the members of any cult movement, are people seeking meaning and purpose. "For all of the crimes and violent ideation we've seen, many believers truly want to play a role in making the world a better place," Rothschild writes.
It's not just the political foulness of QAnon that makes us disinclined to empathize with its followers. We harbor a general sense of superiority to those who are taken in by cults. Books and documentaries routinely warn that any of us could be ensnared, that it's merely a matter of being in the wrong place at the wrong time, that the average cult convert is no stupider than anyone else. (Some cults, including Aum Shinrikyo, have attracted disproportionate numbers of highly educated, accomplished recruits.) Yet our sense that joining a cult requires some unusual degree of credulousness or gullibility persists. Few of us believe in our heart of hearts that Amy Carlson, the recently deceased leader of the Colorado-based Love Has Won cult, who claimed to have birthed the whole of creation and to have been, in a previous life, a daughter of Donald Trump, could put us under her spell.
Perhaps one way to attack our intellectual hubris on this matter is to remind ourselves that we all hold some beliefs for which there is no compelling evidence. The convictions that Jesus was the son of God and that "everything happens for a reason" are older and more widespread than the belief in Amy Carlson's privileged access to the fifth dimension, but neither is, ultimately, more rational. In recent decades, scholars have grown increasingly adamant that none of our beliefs, rational or otherwise, have much to do with logical reasoning. "People do not deploy the powerful human intellect to dispassionately analyze the world," William J. Bernstein writes, in "The Delusions of Crowds" (Atlantic Monthly). Instead, they "rationalize how the facts conform to their emotionally derived preconceptions."
Bernstein's book, a survey of financial and religious manias, is inspired by Charles Mackay's 1841 work, "Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds." Mackay saw crowd dynamics as central to phenomena as disparate as the South Sea Bubble, the Crusades, witch hunts, and alchemy. Bernstein uses the lessons of evolutionary psychology and neuroscience to elucidate some of Mackay's observations, and argues that our propensity to go nuts en masse is determined in part by a hardwired weakness for stories. "Humans understand the world through narratives," he writes. "However much we flatter ourselves about our individual rationality, a good story, no matter how analytically deficient, lingers in the mind, resonates emotionally, and persuades more than the most dispositive facts or data."
It's important to note that Bernstein is referring not just to the stories told by cults but also to ones that lure people into all manner of cons, including financial ones. Not all delusions are mystical. Bernstein's phrase "a good story" is possibly misleading, since a lot of stories peddled by hucksters and cult leaders are, by any conventional literary standard, rather bad. What makes them work is not their plot but their promise: Here is an answer to the problem of how to live. Or: Here is a way to become rich beyond the dreams of avarice. In both cases, the promptings of common sense—Is it a bit odd that aliens have chosen just me and my friends to save from the destruction of America? Is it likely that Bernie Madoff has a foolproof system that can earn all his investors ten per cent a year?—are effectively obscured by the loveliness of the fantasy prospect. And, once you have entered into the delusion, you are among people who have all made the same commitment, who are all similarly intent on maintaining the lie.
The process by which people are eventually freed from their cult delusions rarely seems to be accelerated by the interventions of well-meaning outsiders. Those who embed themselves in a group idea learn very quickly to dismiss the skepticism of others as the foolish cant of the uninitiated. If we accept the premise that our beliefs are rooted in emotional attachments rather than in cool assessments of evidence, there is little reason to imagine that rational debate will break the spell.
The good news is that rational objections to flaws in cult doctrine or to hypocrisies on the part of a cult leader do have a powerful impact if and when they occur to the cult members themselves. The analytical mind may be quietened by cult-think, but it is rarely deadened altogether. Especially if cult life is proving unpleasant, the capacity for critical thought can reassert itself. Rothschild interviews several QAnon followers who became disillusioned after noticing "a dangling thread" that, once pulled, unravelled the whole tapestry of QAnon lore. It may seem unlikely that someone who has bought into the idea of Hillary Clinton drinking the blood of children can be bouleversé by, say, a trifling error in dates, but the human mind is a mysterious thing. Sometimes it is a fact remembered from grade school that unlocks the door to sanity. One of the former Scientologists interviewed in Alex Gibney's documentary "Going Clear" reports that, after a few years in the organization, she experienced her first inklings of doubt when she read L. Ron Hubbard's account of an intergalactic overlord exploding A-bombs in Vesuvius and Etna seventy-five million years ago. The detail that aroused her suspicions wasn't especially outlandish. "Whoa!" she remembers thinking. "I studied geography in school! Those volcanoes didn't exist seventy-five million years ago!" ♦
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Published in the print edition of the July 12 & 19, 2021, issue, with the headline "Beyond Belief."
Zoë Heller has written the novels "Notes on a Scandal," "The Believers," and "Everything You Know."
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Company OUR DELICATESSEN STORE is located in the city of ASHKELON. The legal address of the company is 35 Remez David, ASHKELON 7853335. Other interesting information can be found on working days by phone +972-8-6728681. The scheme of travel to the company OUR DELICATESSEN STORE can be viewed on the interactive map.


The result of the formula is : "341575300401".
After that the result is used by the dec2hex and the result for that formula should be "4F87797531". But it is not working as needed and the result value is "7FFFFFFF".
In this case it will cover integer and long numbers.
Fixed via r1703672, thanks for the hint of how it can be fixed, this is now verified via some more unit-tests.


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Block Club Chicago
Uptown, Edgewater, Rogers Park
Memorial For Victims Of Police Violence Takes Over Rogers Park Viaduct
Rogers Park neighbors are being asked to curate and maintain the memorial to victims of police violence.
Joe Ward
11:34 AM CDT on Aug 4, 2020
A Rogers Park artist collective has teamed with neighbors to make a memorial to victims of police brutality.
Courtesy PO Box Collective
Credibility:
This article contains new, firsthand information uncovered by its reporter(s). This includes directly interviewing sources and research / analysis of primary source documents.
As a news piece, this article cites verifiable, third-party sources which have all been thoroughly fact-checked and deemed credible by the Newsroom.
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ROGERS PARK — The newest artwork to adorn a Red Line viaduct in Rogers Park pays homage to Black victims of police violence.
Under the Red Line tracks at Glenwood and Farwell avenues sits the "neighborhood memorial for victims of police violence." At the memorial, colorful posters list the names of hundreds of people to die at the hands of police since 2015 throughout the country.
The project was created by artist groups PO Box Collective and Cheap Art For Freedom. The artists enlisted the help of neighbors, with weekly events through July where residents could add names to the mural.
Eventually, neighbors ended up making the memorial their own — which was the goal of the project, said Carly Guerrero, a member of PO Box Collective.
"People just started bringing us pictures they printed from home, bringing framed pictures," Guerrero said. "We never asked anyone to make an altar, but we came back one day and there was one. The reaction has been so positive."
Rogers Park neighbors were asked to add to the memorial to victims of police violence.
PO Box Collective seeks to make art more accessible to those lacking the financial means or formal training. When the pandemic hit Chicago in March, the collective couldn't hold workshops in its space at 6900 N. Glenwood Ave. So the group began thinking of how to take their art projects into the public, Guerrero said.
In late May, the police killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis sparked nationwide protests against racist violence. Like other artists throughout the country, PO Box Collective knew it wanted to address the movement in a public-facing work of art.
The collective teamed up with Cheap Art For Freedom and artist Matthias Regan, who also was seeking to memorialize Floyd and pay tribute to the movement springing from his death.
Regan, an assistant visiting professor at North Central College in Naperville, has been researching the police killings of Black Americans since 2014, he wrote on his web site. He used public databases to begin recording the names of those lost to police violence since 2015.
The names were written on "we miss you" cards, which have been plastered under the Red Line viaduct.
Some of the people memorialized as part of the mural are household names, their deaths at the hands of police becoming national news. Those include Laquan McDonald, Breonna Taylor, Freddie Gray and Alton Sterling. Plenty others are names that would not register with most members of the public.
On every Sunday during July, the artists added posters to the memorial and encouraged the public to join in. Other art, including Black Lives Matter posters, sprung up on the wall.
"Some people chose not to interact, but most stopped to talk and some stayed to help us wheat paste the names to the memorial wall," Regan wrote.
Candles, flower vases and other items were brought to the site of the memorial. Though there has been some opposition to the memorial in the form of vandalism and the calling of police, neighbors have stepped up to maintain the work of art, Guerrero said.
At one point, a vandal or group of vandals came to the memorial and smashed the glass candles and vases. They also burned a Black-Brown-Queer pride flag that was hanging at the site.
But within a day or two, the mess was picked up and the items replaced by neighbors, including the flag, Guerrero said.
Police were also called in early July to the memorial and threatened some participants with tickets, according to Guerrero and Regan. No tickets were issued, and the memorial has only grown since the interaction, they said.
The artist collectives don't have plan to immediately add to the mural, since it has taken over much of the wall space under the viaduct.
The mural is now in the hands of the public, and neighbors are free to add to it and provide upkeep to the memorial as they see fit, Guerrero said.
"We want the neighborhood to think of it as their own memorial and for it to stay up as long as reasonably possible," she said.
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Rogers Park, Edgewater, Uptown Reporter
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