Description: Our client was stopped and charged with No Valid Driver's License, a 2nd degree misdemeanor.
We negotiated with the prosecutor and were able to successfully show why our client should never have been stopped and charged in the first place. Ultimately, the prosecutor agreed and out client's case was dropped by the State Attorney's Office.


Casa Narigua is located in a valley of the eastern Sierra Madre mountain range, in a spot called the Jonuco, 20 minutes away from the urban metropolis.
In order to build this house, it was necessary to acquiesce to the environment, says David Pedroza, who was responsible for the architectural project. Together with that certainty, a series of lucky coincidences and dilemmas joined in shaping its profile.
Photo. CEMEX Building Award Mexico Series: Back to Genus.
This house seems to float because of a pair of five- and seven-meter projections that arose both as a desire to respect the local flora and also at the request of the client who wanted to have all of the main areas on a single floor. That's why the secondary spaces formed the basis of a great block that seems to be constantly balancing.
Respecting the condition of a rustic image demanded by the developer, it was decided to make a pigmented concrete house matching the hues of the rocks located in this place, 1700 meters above sea level.
Pedroza knew that choosing this material added a degree of complexity, but he was not alone on this journey. "It was a fascinating synergism of which CEMEX became a part," says the architect.
Inside the 750-square-meter property, one can also breathe the landscape in. The ceiling of the social area is supported by cypress beams, similar to those in traditional northeastern buildings, and the generous picture windows are a suitable frame for the vegetation.
To reach this place you need to drive along a short but winding road. This was the route that some thirty construction workers and their supervisors under the command of Arturo Barbosa – the engineer who took on the challenge of building a rock house in the mountain – had to travel every day for more than a year.
Since it had already been decided that the house would be made out of tinted ready-mix concrete, he had no hesitation in choosing his supplier. Beyond the specific hue that was required, a very particular ferrous oxide, it was necessary to guarantee technical support over the entire project. The color needed to be replicated again and again, in significant quantities of cubic meters, and this continuity could be assured by CEMEX.
"The challenge in this kind of concrete is that you need to maintain the quality, consistency, strength, the same slump... it all needs to be the same always," Barbosa points out.
And so it was: environmentally friendly from its very foundations. The Narigua House has hydronic heating, high-efficiency air conditioning equipment, a wastewater treatment plant, and other high-tech features.
Since the conception of the project, both the architect and the builder knew that they were building a "competition piece" and that is why they nominated it for the XXIII CEMEX Mexico Building Awards. But beyond the recognition, they both feel satisfied in knowing that now it is a functional, enjoyable home in every sense of the word.
"This house is a tribute to what we found, which is much more beautiful than anything we can achieve with our work," says the architect.


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text:
Rodin Proving Perspective
Revision as of 10:28, 13 January 2011 by imported>Tommy (→Auto-tactic and Post-tactic)
<prev: The Event-B Explorer >next: The Mathematical Language ^up: User_Manual_index
2 Loading a Proof
3 The Proof Tree
3.1 Decoration
3.2 Navigation within the Proof Tree
3.3 Manipulating the Proof Tree
3.3.1 Hiding
3.3.2 Pruning
3.3.3 Copy/Paste
4 Goal and Selected Hypotheses
4.1 Applying Proof Rules
4.1.1 Rewrite Rules
4.1.2 Inference Rules
5 The Proof Control View
5.1 The Smiley
5.2 The Editing Area
5.3 ML/PP and Hypotheses
5.3.1 ML
5.3.2 PP
6 The Search Hypotheses View
7 The Cache Hypotheses Window
8 Proof Information View
9 Rule Details View
10 Auto-tactic and Post-tactic
10.1 Principles
10.2 Preferences for the selected auto and post tactic profile
10.3 Preferences for available profiles
10.4 Project specific settings
When proof obligations (POs) are not discharged automatically the user can attempt to discharge them interactively using the Proving Perspective. This page provides an overview of the Proving Perspective and its use. If the Proving Perspective is not visible as a tab on the top right-hand corner of the main interface, the user can switch to it via "Window -> Open Perspective".
The Proving Perspective consists of a number of views: the Proof Tree, the Goal, the Selected Hypotheses, the Proof Control, the Search Hypotheses, the Cache Hypotheses and the Proof Information. In the discussion that follows we look at each of these views individually. Below is a screenshot of the Proving Perspective:
Loading a Proof
To work on an un-discharged PO it is necessary to load the proof into the Proving Perspective. To do this switch to the Proving Perspective; select the project from the Event-B Explorer; select and expand the component (context or machine); and finally select (double-click) the proof obligation of interest. A number of views will be updated with details of the corresponding proof.
Note that pressing button on the top left hand side of the Event-B Explorer will remove all discharged proof obligations (PO's) from the view.
The Proof Tree
The proof tree view provides a graphical representation of each individual proof step, as seen in the following screenshot:
Each node in the tree corresponds to a sequent. A line is right shifted when the corresponding node is a direct descendant of the node of the previous line. Each node is labelled with a comment which indicates which rule has been applied, or which prover discharged the proof. By selecting a node in the proof tree, the corresponding sequent is loaded: the hypotheses of the sequent are loaded to the Selected Hypotheses window, and the goal of the sequent is loaded to the Goal view.
The leaves of the tree are decorated with one of three icons:
means that this leaf is discharged,
means that this leaf is not discharged,
means that this leaf has been reviewed.
Internal nodes in the proof tree are decorated in reverse colours. Note that a "reviewed" leaf is one that is not discharged yet by the prover. Instead, it has been "seen" by the user who decided to postpone the proof. Marking nodes as "reviewed" is very convenient since the provers will ignore these leaves and focus on specific areas of interest. This allows interactive proof in a gradual fashion. In order to discharge a "reviewed" node, select it and prune the tree at that node: the node will become "brown" again (undischarged) and you can now try to discharge it.
Navigation within the Proof Tree
On top of the proof tree view, one can see three buttons:
the "G" buttons allows you to see the goal of the sequent corresponding to each node,
the "+" button allows you to fully expand the proof tree,
the "-" allows you to fully collapse the tree: only the root stays visible.
Manipulating the Proof Tree
The little square (with a "+" or "-" inside) next to each node in the proof tree allows you to expand or collapse the subtree starting at that node.
The proof tree can be pruned at a selected node; the subtree of the selected node is removed from the proof tree. The selected node becomes a leaf and is decorated with . The proof activity can then be resumed from this node. After selecting a node in the proof tree pruning can be performed in two ways:
by right-clicking and then selecting "Prune",
by clicking on the button in the proof control view.
Note that after pruning, the post-tactic is not applied to the new current sequent. The post-tactic should be applied manually, if required, by clicking on the post-tactic button in the Proof Control view. This is useful, in particular, when you want to redo a proof from the beginning. The proof tree can be pruned at its root node and then the proof can proceed again, with invocation of internal or external provers; or with interactive proof.
Before pruning a particular node, the node (and its subtree) can be copied to the clipboard. If the new proof strategy subsequently fails, the copied version can be pasted back into the pruned node (see the next section).
By selecting a node in the proof tree and then right-clicking with the mouse, you can copy the part of the proof tree starting at that sequent (the node and its subtree). Pasting the node and subtree back in is done in a similar manner, with a right mouse click on a proof node. This allows reuse of part of a proof tree in the same, or even in another, proof.
Goal and Selected Hypotheses
The nodes in the proof tree view correspond to sequents. A user will work with one selected node, and thus one sequent, at a time; attempting various strategies in an effort to show that the sequent goal is true. The "Goal" and "Selected Hypotheses" views provide information to the user about the currently selected sequent. Here is an example:
A hypothesis can be removed from the list of selected hypotheses by selecting the check the box situated next to it (you can click on several boxes) and then by clicking on the button at the top of the selected hypotheses window:
Here is the result:
Note that the deselected hypotheses are not lost: you can find them again using the Search Hypotheses button in the Proof Control view. Other buttons are used as follows:
select all hypotheses.
invert the selection.
next to the goal - proof by contradiction 1: The negation of the goal becomes a selected hypothesis and the goal becomes "⊥".
next to a selected hypothesis - proof by contradiction 2: The negation of the hypothesis becomes the goal and the negated goal becomes a selected hypothesis.
Applying Proof Rules
A user wishing to attempt an interactive proof has a number of proof rules available, and these may be either rewrite rules or inference rules. In the Goal and the Selected Hypotheses views various operators may appear in red coloured font. The red font indicates that some interactive proof rule(s) are applicable and may be applied as a step in the proof attempt. When the mouse hovers over such an operator a number of applicable rules may be displayed; the user may choose to apply one of the rules by clicking on it.
Other proof rules can be applied when green buttons appear in the Goal and Selected Hypotheses views. Examples are proof by contradiction , that we have already encountered; and for conjunction introduction in the goal.
To instantiate a quantifier the user enters the desired expression in the box behind the quantifier and clicks on the quantifier:
Rewrite Rules
Rewrite rules are one-directional equalities (and equivalences) that can be used to simplify formulas (the goal or a single hypothesis). A rewrite rule is applied from left to right when its side condition holds; it can be applied either in the goal predicate, or in one of the selected hypotheses.
A rewrite rule is applied either automatically (A) or manually (M):
automatically, when post-tactics are run.
automatically, when auto-tactics are run.
manually, through an interactive command. These rules gather non equivalence laws, definition laws, distributivity laws and derived laws.
Automatic rewrite rules are equivalence simplification laws.
Each rule name indicates the rule's characteristics according to the following convention:
the law category: simplification law (SIMP), definition law (DEF), distributivity law (DISTRI), or else derived law (DERIV).
the root operator of the formula on the left-hand side of the rule, e.g. predicate AND, expression BUNION.
(optionally) the terminal elements on the left-hand side of the rule: special element (SPECIAL) such as the empty-set, type expression (TYPE), same element occurring more than once (MULTI), literal (LIT). A type expression is either a basic type ( , any carrier set), or (type expression), or type expression type expression.
(optionally) some other description of a characteristic, e.g. left (L), right (R).
Rewrite rules having a symmetric operator on the left-hand side may also describe other rules. eg: the rule:
should also produce the rule:
For associative operators in connection with distributive laws as in:
it has been decided to highlight the first associative/commutative operator (the ). A menu is presented when hovering the mouse over the operator: the first menu option distributes all associative/commutative operators, the second option distributes only the first associative/commutative operator. In order to simplify the explanation we write associative/commutative operators with two parameters only. However, we must emphasise here, that generally we may have a sequence of more than two parameters. So, we write instead of . Rules are sorted according to their purpose.
Rules marked with a star in the first column are implemented in the current prover. Rules without a star are planned for implementation.
Rewrite rules are split into:
Set Rewrite Rules
Relation Rewrite Rules
Arithmetic Rewrite Rules
They are also available in a single large page All Rewrite Rules.
Inference Rules
Inference rules (see Proof Rules) are applied either automatically (A) or manually (M).
Inference rules applied automatically are applied at the end of each proof step. They have the following possible effects:
they discharge the goal,
they simplify the goal and add a selected hypothesis,
they simplify the goal by decomposing it into several simpler goals,
they simplify a selected hypothesis,
they simplify a selected hypothesis by decomposing it into several simpler selected hypotheses.
Inference rules applied manually are used to perform an interactive proof. They can be invoked by clicking on the red highlighted operators in the goal or the hypotheses. A menu is presented when there are several options.
See Inference Rules list.
The Proof Control View
The Proof Control view contains the buttons which you can use to perform an interactive proof.
The Proof Control view offers a number of buttons whose effects we briefly describe next; moving from left to right on the toolbar:
(nPP) invokes the new predicate prover, a drop-down list indicates alternative strategies.
(R) indicates that a node has been reviewed: in an attempt by the user to carry out proofs in a stepwise fashion, they might decide to postpone the task of discharging some proofs until a later stage. To do this the proofs can be marked as reviewed by choosing the proof node and clicking on this button. This indicates that by visually checking the proof the user is convinced that they can discharge it later, but they do not want to do it right now.
(p0) the PP and ML provers can be invoked from the drop-down list using different forces.
(dc) do proof by cases: the proof is split into two branches. In the first branch:- the predicate supplied by the user is added to the Selected Hypotheses, and the user attempts to discharge this branch. In the second branch :- the predicate supplied by the user is negated and added to the Selected Hypotheses; the user then attempts to discharge this branch.
(ah) add a new lemma: the predicate in the editing area should be proved by the user. It is then added as a new selected hypothesis.
(ae) abstract expression: the expression in the editing area is given a fresh name.
the robot: invokes the auto-prover which attempts to discharge the goal. The auto-prover is applied automatically on all proof obligations after a "save" without any intervention of the user. Using this button, you can invoke the auto-prover within an interactive proof.
the post-tactic is executed ,
lasoo: load into the Selected Hypotheses window those hidden hypotheses that contain identifiers in common with the goal, and with the selected hypotheses.
backtrack form the current node (i.e., prune its parent),
scissors: prune the proof tree from the node selected in the proof tree,
Search Hypotheses: find hypotheses containing the character string in the editing area, and display in the Search Hypothesis view.
Cache Hypotheses: press this to display the "Cache Hypotheses" view. This view displays all hypotheses that are related to the current goal.
load the previous undischarged proof obligation,
load the next undischarged proof obligation,
(i) show information corresponding to the current proof obligation in the corresponding window. This information correspond to the elements that directly took part in the proof obligation generation (events, invariant, etc.),
goto the next pending node of the current proof tree,
load the next reviewed node of the current proof tree.
Disable/Enable Post-tactics: allows the user to choose whether post-tactics run after each interactive proof step.
The Smiley
The smiley can be one of three different colors: (1) red, indicates that the proof tree contains one or more undischarged sequents, (2) blue, indicates that all undischarged sequents of the proof tree have been reviewed, (3) green, indicates that all sequents of the proof tree are discharged.
The Editing Area
The editing area allows the user to supply parameters for proof commands. For example, when the user attempts to add a new hypothesis (by clicking on the lemma ah button), the new hypothesis should have been written by the user in the editing area.
ML/PP and Hypotheses
ML (mono-lemma) prover appears in the drop-down list under the button (pp) as M0, M1, M2, M3, ML. The different configuration (e.g., M0) refer to the proof force of the ML prover. All hypotheses are passed to ML.
PP (predicate prover) appears in the drop-down list under the button (pp) as P0, P1, PP.
P0 uses all selected hypotheses (the ones in Selected Hypotheses window).
P1 employs a lasoo operation to the selected hypotheses and the goal, and uses the resulting hypotheses.
PP uses all hypotheses.
The Search Hypotheses View
By typing a string in the Proof Control window and pressing the Search Hypotheses button a window is provided which contains the hypotheses having a character string in common with the one entered by the user in the editing area. For example, if we search for hypotheses involving the character string "cr", then after pressing the Search Hypothesis button on the proof control window, we obtain the following:
This view also integrates a "quick search" area (A), that allows us to search quickly hypotheses involving short character strings such as "cr". A search hypothesis button (B) that behaves the same as the button of the proving window, a refresh button (C) that updates the window manually for more control, and a drop down menu (D) to set the preferences of the view up.
By pressing return key or the button (B) (once a short string has been given in the input area (A)), hypotheses can be searched quickly as if we used the Proof Control as described before.
The drop down menu (D) is accessible to set some preferences over the searched hypotheses :
If we change preferences for the search, we might need to "update" manually the view with the button (C). By selecting "Consider hidden hypotheses in search" option, we can review all hypotheses that have been unselected in the selected hypotheses window(more info about selected/hidden hypotheses...).
To move any of these hypotheses to the Selected Hypotheses window, select those required (using the check boxes) and press the button. Adding these hypotheses to the selected hypotheses means that they will be visible to the prover. They can then be used during the next interactive proof phase.
To remove hypotheses from the Search Hypotheses window use the button. This button also appears above the selected hypotheses, and allows the user to remove any hypothesis from the Selected Hypotheses window.
The other button, situated to the left each hypotheses, is the button. clicking on this will attempt a proof by contradiction. The effect is the same as if the hypothesis were in the Selected Hypotheses.
The Cache Hypotheses Window
This window allows the user to keep track of recently manipulated (e.g., used, removed, selected) hypotheses for any PO. For example, when the user applies a rewrite to an hypothesis, a new hypothesis (after the rewriting) is selected, and the original hypothesis is deselected and put in the Cache Hypotheses window.
Similar operations (to that of the Selected Hypotheses and Search Hypotheses windows) such as removing, selecting and proof by contradiction (ct) are also available for the cached hypotheses. Interactive proof steps (e.g., rewriting) can also be carried out from the Cache Hypotheses window as well as the Search Hypotheses window.
Proof Information View
This view displays information so that the user can relate a proof obligation to the model. For example, typical information for an event invariant preservation PO includes the event; as well as the invariant in question. In the following example, the hyperlinks 'CreateToken' and 'inv2' can be used to navigate to the containing machine.
Rule Details View
This view displays the information relative to a given proof tree node, on which a rule was applied.
A command is available when right-clicking on a proof tree node, in order to reveal the Rule Details View (See picture below).
By default, this view is a fast view. A button (identified by the view's icon) is then available at the bottom left of the workbench, to show up this view.
Here is an overview of the Rule details view :
A quick view on the applied rule contents is provided. On the picture above, we display the contents of the rule named "∀ hyp mp" where an input has been used to instantiate an hypothesis.
One can see quickly which was the input used by the instanciation (following instantiated with), and which was the hypothesis considered by this rule (this is given by the hypothesis of Input Sequent).
Furthermore, it is possible to view the antecedents created by this rule in details (i.e. child proof tree nodes) and the actions performed on hypotheses : selection, deselection, etc.
Auto-tactic and Post-tactic
The auto-tactic applies a combination of rewrite, inference and external provers to newly generated proof obligations. However, they can also be invoked by the user by clicking on the button in the Proof Control view.
Post-tactic is also a combination (i.e. ordered list) of rewrite, inference and external provers, and is applied automatically after each interactive proof step. However, it can also be invoked manually by clicking on the button in the Proof Control view.
Note that the post-tactic can be disabled quickly by clicking on the little arrow (marked with an A on the figure below) of the Proof Control view (right upper corner) and then on "Disable post-tactic" (B):
Preferences for the selected auto and post tactic profile
The auto-tactic and post tactic activation can be configured by means of a preference page which can be found as follows: Click on "Window" in the top toolbar; in the drop-down menu select "Preferences". Expand the "Event-B" option from the list; then "Sequent Prover", and finally select "Auto-Tactic". The following window is displayed:
A list of available tactics appear in the left-hand box. A list of tactics selected for inclusion by the auto-tactic appears in the right-hand box. By selecting a tactic, in either list, it can be moved from one list to another. By clicking on a tactic in the right-hand list it may be moved up or down, since the order of tactic application is determined by the order of this list.
Preferences for available profiles
The post-tactic can be configured by navigating to the same menu that includes the auto-tactic preferences and then selecting "Post-Tactic". The preferences are selected in the same way as the auto-tactic. The following window is displayed:
Project specific settings
Retrieved from 'https://wiki.event-b.org/index.php?title=Rodin_Proving_Perspective&oldid=8752'

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David Ziliak
David R. Ziliak, 81, of Ferdinand, passed away at his home on Thursday, July 11th. David was born December 25, 1937 in Gibson County to John and Mildred (Zehner) Ziliak. David married Karleen Feldhaus on May 3,1958 in Corpus Christi Catholic Church. She passed away on January 20, 1989. David then married Mary Fischer Blessinger on November 24, 1990 in the Convent of Immaculate Conception.
He was retired from Whirlpool and the United States Navy. David was a Navy Seabee from 1955 to 1989 serving on the Reserve Naval Mobile Construction Battalion. David was a member of Christ the King Parish, St. Ferdinand Church. He belonged to Ferdinand American Legion Post 124, Haubstadt Knights of Columbus, Seabee Veterans of America, Jasper Moose Lodge, and St. Joseph Sodality. He was a lifetime member of the Ferdinand Community Center. David received the Simon Brute Award in 2010.
David is survived by his wife, Mary Ziliak of Ferdinand; two sons, Brian (Angela) Ziliak and Bret T. Ziliak all of Evansville; one stepson, Brian J. (Jennie) Blessinger of Ferdinand; three step-daughters, Sandy (Mark) Morton of Jasper, Debra (Leon) Gogel of Dale and Lana Tobin of Ferdinand; fifteen grandchildren and four great-grandchildren. David was preceded in death by his first wife, Karleen; a daughter, Brenda Hafler and a brother, Donald Ziliak.


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ArgListFactory.h File Reference

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Olympus (2,917m), the mountain of Gods and Muses is the highest mountain of Greece and the 2nd in the Balkans.
Kalavryta: a town for all seasons
It's renowned for its spectacular train journey, but this historical Peloponnesian destination has so much more to offer than a day on the tracks. From skiing to hiking to caving, Graham Wood explores the region's sporting options.
One of the most breathtaking rail journeys on Earth, stunning natural beauty, enough outdoor activities to shake a hiking stick at, impressive monasteries, underground cave lakes, a historic past and a ski centre: Kalavryta just about has it all. With such an impressive portfolio of options, fewer places in Greece can match the Peloponnesian mountain village and the surrounding region as a complete, year-round travel destination.
Most visitors head to Kalavryta via the Odontotos, or 'tooth-train' (rack railway) in English, which is widely regarded as one of the most unique experiences in the country. Built by the Italians and completed in 1896 - the same year the first modern Olympics took place in Athens - Odontotos starts from the small railway station at the unassuming, chilled-out coastal town of Diakopto. On boarding the humble little Decauville train, there is little hint of the spectacular journey ahead as you chug slowly out of Diakopto.
I must admit, the first and only time I sampled this journey I was more than sceptical, having previously experienced a trip on the well-known Burma railway close to the bridge over the River Kwai in Thailand. But this experience is more than a match, as the train winds its way through the Vouriakos gorge up into the mountains, through tunnels, over water-falls, along cliffs and through pine and oleander forests, arriving at Kalavryta within an hour after a distance of 22 kilometres, rising to 750 metres above sea level.
There are some great stops along the way, a personal favourite is the small village of Zachlorou, where you can grab a coffee and go for a wander to marvel at the quaint stone houses and tavernas while listening to the aquatic sounds of the river below. If you decide to stay the night at one of the small guesthouses, it is also well worth taking a short hike up to the monastery of Mega Spilio (Monastery of the Great Cave) which is perched spectacularly on a cliff-face above the town. For those not too keen on hiking the steep, rocky path, don't worry, the monastery can also be reached by road. Among many impressive finds exhibited at the monastery is an ornate cross, which took a monk seven years to make, and then the poor fellow went blind - so says the description.
So what's the first port of call once you arrive in Kalavryta? After a quick amble around the rustic surroundings and cobbled streets close to the village square, most people head to the memorial which was built to honour the victims of the infamous Nazi massacre which took place during WWII. Kalavryta undoubtedly has its place assured in the hearts of all Greeks for its association with that atrocity as well as for its role in the national struggle against Turkish occupation in 1821. The massacre was Nazi retaliation for the execution of some German soldiers by the Greek resistance. Around 1,200 boys and men from the ages of 13 to 70 were executed on that December 13, 1943, and then the entire village was burned to the ground. A further poignant reminder of the tragedy is found in the shape of an old schoolhouse which has been converted into a museum dedicated to the memory of those killed which is well worth a visit.
Another important part of the area's history is the Monastery of Agia Lavra, which is just a few kilometers outside Kalavryta set in beautiful surroundings on the side of a pine-covered mountain. It is here where the first flag of freedom was raised by Bishop Germanos of Patras when the Greeks rebelled against the Turks in March of 1821. There are a plethora of guesthouses and small hotels to accommodate most tastes in Kalavryta.
After you've taken your fill of Kalavryta's history and culture, the ski centre is a great place to inject some adrenaline if you are of the winter sports persuasion. Kalavryta offers great on- and off-piste runs with 12 trails in total, accounting for a range of difficulty from beginner to the very difficult Stiga 1 and 2 trails from the 2,340-metre summit - where on a clear day skiers are treated to a sea view - offer exhilarating powder runs among clusters of pine trees. Kalavryta has free lifts for beginners as well as student discounts, while the always-lively chalet at the base of the mountain hosts memorable parties in the evening. Equipment can be rented on the mountain but there are several rental outlets in and around the town where prices are more reasonable. Accommodation can be found via the website, while those seeking a more luxurious option can look to the recently opened Castle Resort perched above the town. Also, for those keen on imitating everyone's favourite spy James Bond, Kalavryta has the bonus of snow-mobiling. Fewer experiences could be better than whizzing around scenic routes through the forests around the base of the mountain.
Round off your trip with a visit to the area's final 'must-see': the Cave of Lakes. Situated a few kilometers west of the ski centre, the cave's promotional literature boasts of being "a rare creation of Nature", and the string of cascading lakes and labyrinth of stalactite formations are truly a sight to behold. The cave is essentially an old subterranean river which visitors can explore up to 500m courtesy of specially constructed metal walkway. On meandering through you'd be forgiven for thinking you had stumbled onto the set of Star Trek in its heyday, as you pass through dark passageways and gawp at the oddly-shaped rock formations. Thankfully there are no weird monsters lurking under the icy-cold waters; at least not to my knowledge. Visitors are invited to leave their comments in a guestbook at the exit and as I flicked through the pages one message in particular from an enthusiastic visitor seemed to aptly sum up not only the cave lakes but the Kalavryta experience: "I have seen so much of Greece's well-known beauty, but I never knew this country had such hidden wonders."
Article by Insider


Fencers Club is excited to welcome Dmitry Ronzhin to our world-class coaching roster. He is looking forward to working with our talented team of sabre coaches. Dmitry is particularly excited about working with youth fencers to elite fencers to accomplish their goals in our diverse Fencers Club community.
A native of Russia, Dmitry has been one of the world's top sabre coaches for more than 30 years in a professional career spanning multiple continents. He has coached both the Russian and Canadian Olympic Teams, in addition to coaching athletes at 18 Senior World Championships, 10 European Championships, 6 Pan-American Championships, and 5 Junior World Championships. You can see more about Dmitry and his students on our website.


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Home About Peter Helping Vermonters Issues In Vermont Newsroom Contact
Welch's Home Star program included in Senate energy bill
Wednesday, 28 July 2010 08:15
A scaled-back energy bill unveiled late yesterday by Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) includes Rep. Peter Welch's Home Star Energy Retrofit Act (H.R. 5019).
Passed by the House in May, the bipartisan Home Star program would create 170,000 jobs by helping three million families refit, renovate and insulate their homes. The two-year program provides direct incentives to consumers who install American-made, energy-saving products and conduct whole-home retrofits
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Reid's announcement comes after the Senate was unable to reach an agreement on a comprehensive energy and climate bill. Last May, the House passed the American Clean Energy and Security Act (H.R. 2454), which also included energy efficiency retrofit language authored by Welch.
In addition to creating the Home Star program, Reid's new bill would raise the spill-liability cap for oil companies, provide tax breaks for natural gas vehicles and increase funding for the Land and Water Conservation Fund.
"Home Star's inclusion in Sen. Reid's energy bill is a momentous step forward for this vital, job-creating program," Welch said. "As Vermont has shown, energy efficiency retrofits work. They create quality jobs, save homeowners money on their energy bills and reduce harmful carbon emissions. This bipartisan program has tremendous potential to support our economy and support our climate."
Sens. Patrick Leahy and Bernie Sanders are cosponsors of the Senate version of Home Star. A member of the Energy and Natural Resources Committee, Sanders worked to include Home Star in Reid's energy package.
The Senate is expected to take up Reid's bill in the next two weeks.
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William Matthew "Billy" Currington (born November 19, 1973) is an American country music artist.
Signed to Mercury Nashville Records in 2003, he has released five studio albums for the label: 2003's Billy Currington, 2005's Doin' Somethin' Right, 2008's Little Bit of Everything, 2010's Enjoy Yourself, and 2013's We Are Tonight.
These five albums have produced ten singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts, including eight No. 1 hits "Must Be Doin' Somethin' Right", "Good Directions", "People Are Crazy", "That's How Country Boys Roll", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer", "Let Me Down Easy", "Hey Girl", and "We Are Tonight". He has also charted as a duet partner on Shania Twain's single "Party for Two" and his own non-album single "Tangled Up", for a total of eleven Top 40 hits.
On April 24, 2013, the Chatham County, Georgia Grand Jury indicted Currington on felony criminal charges of "abuse of an elder person by inflicting mental anguish" and "making terroristic threats". Both criminal charges stem from an incident involving boat captain Charles Harvey Ferrelle on April 15, 2013. The indictment alleges Currington made terrorist threats to Ferrelle. Currington was later released from a Georgia jail after posting $27,700 bond. If convicted, Currington faced a prison term of 1 to 5 years. Also, on April 26, 2013, as a result of negative press surrounding the indictment incident, the Charlotte Motor Speedway replaced Currington as a performer for its All Star pre-race entertainment. Currington entered a "not guilty" plea in August 2013. On September 25, 2013, Currington pleaded no contest to the abuse charge; the terroristic threats charge was dropped. Currington was sentenced to 5 years' probation, a $1000 fine, and anger management counseling; he is also required to have no contact with the boat captain.
Sources: Last.fm, Wikipedia
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From The Cincinnati Enquirer Who applied to grow medical marijuana in Ohio? The state isn't saying.
After legalizing medical marijuana last year, the state is setting up a massive program to oversee the businesses who grow and sell marijuana as well as doctors who recommend it to patients.
Those who want to grow the drug must apply with the Ohio Department of Commerce, which has already collected applications to be one of Ohio's 12 small-scale medical marijuana farms. But when The Enquirer requested those applications, seeking to report where marijuana growers might be located, the state said it didn't have to share the applications with the public right now.
"The requested applications and cover sheets are not public records because the Department of Commerce has not yet used the documents," Ohio Department of Commerce attorney Brian Peters wrote in a letter to The Enquirer.
Simply having the applications isn't enough to make them public records, Peters wrote. The department must have "utilized or relied" on them before it has to release them, even with businesses' secrets redacted, he said.
Ohio law doesn't support the state's argument, Enquirer attorney Darren Ford said.
"Transparency in the process of awarding growers' licenses will be essential to promoting and maintaining public confidence in the State of Ohio's regulatory oversight of the industry," Ford said.
It is nearly impossible to know how many people applied statewide and where they plan to grow medical marijuana without those applications.
Some cities have revealed who wants to grow medical marijuana within their borders. For example, Nature's Apex, owned by Rhinegeist co-founders, wants to cultivate marijuana in Camp Washington. Johnstown in central Ohio has welcomed growers to its village. Other cities have passed bans to keep marijuana businesses out.
While the application deadline for small-scale growers has passed, the deadline for larger operations is Friday. All applications will be reviewed by three firms, which will score cultivators based on operation plans, security, quality assurance and finances.
Those firms will score the applicants without seeing their names. The goal is to prevent biased decisions. One possible result: Key players in the industry could be overlooked in favor of people with well-executed applications.
Ohio passed its medical pot law last year. Ohio-grown marijuana for eligible medical conditions should be available by September 2018. Until then, patients can seek marijuana from other states where the drug is legal.
From Springfield News Sun A Champaign County school district has agreed to settle a lawsuit brought by Cox Media Group Ohio after WHIO-TV was prevented from recording video of a public meeting in October.
The Triad Local Schools board of education approved the settlement agreement that will require the district to pay $15,000 to Cox, which also operates the Springfield News-Sun and Dayton Daily News.
Cox's complaint alleged violations of Ohio's Open Meetings Act for failure to allow WHIO to record a public school board meeting on Oct. 24. WHIO planned to cover the school board meeting after 11-year-old Bethany Thompson had killed herself. Her parents alleged she killed herself because of constant bullying at the district's middle school.
Community members told Cox Media Group that they planned to voice concerns about bullying at the school and the media outlet wanted to document the meeting.
When the news crew arrived at the board meeting, a reporter and videographer were told cameras wouldn't be allowed, despite it being a public meeting. The crew was informed by Triad Superintendent Chris Piper that media had to contact the school before the meeting to request permission to bring cameras into the board meeting.
Cox Media Group alleged that was a violation of the Open Meetings Act, a law designed to ensure transparency in government and public entities.
Piper didn't return a phone message seeking comment on Wednesday.
WHIO News Director David Bennallack said WHIO will continue to report the news and fight for public transparency.
From The Columbus Dispatch In its latest attempt to avoid repaying $60 million to the state, ECOT today accused the state Board of Education of illegally meeting in secret to deliberate the matter prior to voting Monday to issue the order.
The Electronic Classroom of Tomorrow filed a lawsuit in Franklin County Common Pleas Court accusing the board of violating Ohio's Open Meeting Act. ECOT asked the court to toss the order, impose a $500 fine against the board and pay its attorney fees.
"Simply put, it is clear that a quorum of the Board of Education unlawfully deliberated and substantively discussed the ECOT resolution in closed session(s) and/or in serial communications designed to avoid the need for public discussion — a requirement under the Open Meetings Act," ECOT attorney Marion H. Little wrote in the 16-page complaint.
Specifically, the complaint alleged Department of Education legal counsel Diane Lease "advised and directed" the board prior to the meeting, and board President Tess Elshoff "and perhaps others, impermissibly polled" board members.
While "isolated one-on-one conversations between individual members" are legal, a "round robin" series of repeated communications with individual boards would be illegal under Ohio's Sunshine Law, according to Attorney General Mike DeWine's open government guide.
To the chagrin of transparency advocates, a new appeals process to permit Ohioans to pry loose potentially illegally withheld public records does not apply to court records, an Ohio Court of Claims judge ruled.
The decision by Judge Patrick M. McGrath was issued Friday in a case filed by The Dispatch seeking to unseal records in the divorce case of state Sen. Kris Jordan and Delaware County Recorder Melissa Jordan.
Michael Brady, a visiting judge in Delaware County Common Pleas Court, unsealed the case in response to The Dispatch's request a day before he was formally served with the newspaper's Court of Claims complaint.
The Dispatch contended that the sealing of the case violated Ohio's public records law and court rules, which say court records are presumed open and only can be sealed with legal justification. The entry sealing the Jordan case contained no such justification.
McGrath dismissed the complaint, ruling that the courts have controlled their own records since mid-2009 and that the law creating the appeals process only permits appeals of public records denials by executive-level agencies.
"This special statutory proceeding does not confer authority to hear disputes regarding denial of access to court records," which require the filing of a mandamus action in other courts, he wrote.
The law creating the low-cost, prompt public-records appeals process was authored last year by then-Senate President Keith Faber, R-Lima, now a state representative.
Faber said Monday it "certainly was not our intent" to prevent the appeals mechanism from also handling disputes over court records. "Why would the Court of Claims process not be a good way to appeal (denial of court records)?" he asked.
Faber said he understands the need for separation of powers between the legislative and judicial branches, but noted, "This should apply to all government disputes where it makes sense and certainly if the court is saying the statute doesn't apply, they ought to enact a similar appeals process" for court records.
Dennis Hetzel, executive director of the Ohio News Media Association and president of the Ohio Coalition for Open Government, agreed with Faber.
"It's in the public interest of this appeals process for it to also apply to court records. I want to see if there is an opportunity to clarify this statue," Hetzel said.
From The Enquirer A state appeals court has blocked a series of orders that restricted media access issued by the judge overseeing Ray Tensing's retrial.
In a ruling issued Friday, the First District Court of Appeals said Judge Leslie Ghiz could not enforce the restrictions without a hearing in open court.
Among Ghiz's orders was that a total of five reporters – including a videographer and photographer – could be in the courtroom during the trial. With at least a dozen media outlets covering the case – including the Associated Press, Reuters and The New Yorker magazine – that meant several outlets every day would not be in the courtroom.
From The Plain Dealer Three Ohio colleges and universities put their expenditures on OhioCheckbook.com on Tuesday -- one year after state Treasurer Josh Mandel announced five schools would join the effort.
Mandel said Tuesday the schools' differing accounting systems and student privacy laws and policies made preparing expenditure data more time-consuming than for cities, villages and other entities that use OhioCheckbook.com.
"It was more difficult, not because universities were giving us a hard time but because of the nature of how the finances are structured," Mandel said during a Tuesday news conference.
Three schools' data went live Tuesday: Bowling Green State University, Central State University and Central Ohio Technical College. Miami and Wright State universities are expected to go online in June.
The data excludes student-identifying information, which has been a challenge given many students are also school employees, said Bruce Johnson, president of the Inter-University Council of Ohio. The colleges and universities also use a variety of accounting software systems, and information has to be extracted differently from each in order to display properly on OhioCheckbook.com.
Mandel's office launched OhioCheckbook.com in December 2014 with state expenditures. In 2015, local governments and school districts were invited to post their expenses to the website.
The treasurer's office is footing the bill for local governments and universities with savings from Mandel's term in office. Mandel's office plans to spend about $1.3 million a year on the program, through a contract with California-company OpenGov.
While the state expenditures lag behind about a month, the college spending posted Tuesday goes only through June 2015 or June 2016. Mandel said he can't force local entities to upload spending data, but they're encouraged to do so as often as possible.
Canton Repository Editorial When Ohio's new medical marijuana law officially took effect in September, we urged local governments to prepare for the onslaught of potential processing facilities, dispensaries and other marijuana-related businesses that could crop up in their communities. We called for local leaders to give "lengthy and thoughtful" deliberation about the potential benefits and consequences of such businesses. We've seen communities like Lake and Plain townships, North Canton and Louisville do just that.
After a report out of Canal Fulton that an "unnamed" individual has pitched the city on being home to a medical marijuana processing facility, perhaps that message bears repeating.
More troubling than City Council members apparently being caught off guard by the prospect was Mayor Joe Schultz's proposal that council members could meet in pairs with the unnamed developer to avoid Ohio's open meetings laws. Schultz essentially said that by meeting in smaller groups in which no quorum of council exists, members could meet privately without telling the public or even inviting the public.
With all due respect to the mayor, that's not how things are supposed to work. Not only does his suggestion fly in the face of the spirit of the state's open meetings laws, we don't believe it's a legal option. Per state law, "a public body may not circumvent the requirements of the Act by setting up back-to-back meetings of less than a majority of its members, with the same topics of public business discussed at each." They are what's known as "round robin" or "serial" meetings, and they are illegal.
State lawmakers made the right call last year when they legalized medical marijuana while placing tight regulations on all aspects of it. Thousands of Ohioans suffering from cancer, epilepsy, post-traumatic stress disorder and other qualifying medical issues might find relief through the use of medical marijuana once the laws are implemented fully.
This will result in economic benefits for the state and for some communities. Though the state will control who receives medical marijuana licenses, local governments retain control over whether such businesses will be permitted to operate in their jurisdictions. Such decision-making should be made with the community's interests in mind. Discussions with "unnamed" individuals about potential business opportunities should be held in the open, for all to see — not behind closed doors, as Canal Fulton's mayor has suggested.
Canal Fulton Law Director Scott Fellmeth is on the right track. He urged council to wait until a proposal has been made to meet on the issue. Such a proposal, and such a meeting, should be open to the public.
From The Canton Repository After some debate, city council moved forward with legislation that would require meetings of the Planning Commission and the Zoning and Building Standards Board of Appeals to be live streamed and have audio and video recorded digitally.
Council passed the first reading of two related pieces of legislation, one for each board, that would change how those meetings are recorded. Currently, the clerk of those boards creates a verbatim transcript of the meeting. The legislation would have the clerk create a meeting summary and in addition to the digital recording, have a back-up recorded on cassette tape.
Much of the debate centered around eliminating the verbatim transcript in lieu of a meeting summary.
There is value to meetings being recorded in a verbatim transcript, said Councilman Doug Foltz, Ward One, adding that he's in favor of live-streaming and digital recording alongside the transcript.
He suggested looking at other options, such as working with the schools, for transcription if the work was too much for one clerk.
The legislation looks at the best way to record meetings in the future, not the past, said Councilman Mark Cerreta, At-Large. The recorded meetings could be transcribed in the future using the recordings if someone wanted a transcription, he said.
Council also debated how long those records should be kept.
Council passed the first of three readings of those ordinances Monday. Foltz voted no on both. The legislation will have three readings before becoming law.
From The Associated Press A group of liberal and conservative online political commentators in Ohio has filed a constitutional challenge to the state's recently enacted law against internet harassment.
A federal lawsuit filed Tuesday in U.S. District Court in Cleveland alleges a prohibition against knowingly posting text or audio statements or images on a website "for the purpose of abusing... or harassing another person" violates the commentators' constitutional rights to free speech and expression.
The plaintiffs in the suit are the liberal blog Plunderbund; the Portage County Tea Party, represented by well-known GOP detractor Tom Zawistowski; and John Spinelli, a freelance political reporter.
All contend they or their organizations "routinely engage" in protected speech that "may be considered provocative" and the law now subjects them to "a credible risk of prosecution."
At issue is a prohibition included in a bill expanding crimes of menacing and telecommunications harassment that unanimously cleared both chambers of Ohio's Legislature last session. Republican Gov. John Kasich signed it, and it became law Aug. 16.
Editorial from the Columbus Dispatch No function of state government is more important than its constitutional obligation to "secure a thorough and efficient system of common schools throughout the state." Education is the bedrock of democracy. That is why the Ohio Constitution, since 1851, has obligated the state to provide an education to each of its citizens.
How thoroughly and how efficiently the state fulfills this mandate should concern every Ohioan, every year, every generation.
But Ohioans' ability to judge the state's performance is threatened by state lawmakers' willingness to hide from public view how the charter-school industry spends a sizable portion of taxpayer dollars.
In an era of privatization of much of primary and secondary education, taxpayers should insist that state lawmakers provide complete transparency of the expenditure of public funds for education.
State Rep. David J. Leland, D-Columbus, has introduced legislation to accomplish this goal. In fewer than 100 words, the bill declares "funds that the department of education pays to a community (charter) school or nonpublic school . . . are public funds and shall be subject to the same requirements related to permissible expenditures and audit by the auditor of state as public funds allocated to school districts.
In recent years, Ohio earned an unwelcome reputation for having the nation's worst oversight of the charter-school industry. No surprise, then, that Ohio has had some of the nation's worst-performing charter schools.
Responding to an avalanche of criticism, including from the operators of good charters, in October 2015 the General Assembly passed legislation (House Bill 2) to address some of the problems.
That legislation requires management companies receiving more than 20 percent of a school's annual revenues to provide an accounting of expenses in 19 categories, such as aggregate wages, school supplies and transportation.
However, the bill didn't go far enough. Why allow expenditures falling below a 20 percent threshold to escape scrutiny? There is no legitimate reason to prevent the taxpaying public from tracking each and every dollar it spends for education.
Upon introducing his bill, Leland correctly stated: "Ohio taxpayers deserve a full and complete accounting for every one of their hard-earned dollars invested in education, whether the money is directed to public school districts or charter schools.
Honest, well-performing charters and nonpublic schools have nothing to fear from transparent bookkeeping. In fact, operators of many of Ohio's best-performing charters have urged state lawmakers to insist on full transparency. Failure to do so creates a cloud of suspicion over all of Ohio's charter schools.
Ohio was a pioneer in adopting a constitutional mandate guaranteeing an education to each of its citizens. Many states followed Ohio's lead, adopting similar language in their constitutions.
In the 21st century, unfortunately, Ohio has been the opposite — a laggard — in guaranteeing that its citizens get a full and complete accounting for that education.
Delaware County power couple's divorce case is sealed; is that legal?
From The Columbus Dispatch State Sen. Kris Jordan and Delaware County Recorder Melissa Jordan are embroiled in a not-so-secret divorce.
What is secret, however, is every legal filing made in their apparently contentious case in Delaware County Common Pleas Court. That includes the judge's order making the entire court file confidential.
The judge's approval of the estranged Republican couple's joint request to seal their case from public view appears contrary to an Ohio Supreme Court ruling.
Mrs. Jordan filed for divorce in June 2016, with the publicly available docket reflecting filings that appear to show deep-rooted disagreement over their children and finances. A trial is set to begin June 26.
The docket shows a Dec. 22 order sealing the case after the Jordans and their lawyers submitted an agreement to make it secret.
Oddly, though, the entry did not appear on the online docket until sometime after April 1. Earlier examinations of the docket by The Dispatch did not show the sealing order.
Citing Ohio's public-records law and court rules, The Dispatch submitted an April 28 written request to inspect the Jordans' divorce case file. But the newspaper's request was denied by clerk's employees, who cited the court order sealing the case.
The newspaper's request was docketed as part of the case. Domestic Relations Court Administrator Denise Martin said she would bring the request to the attention of the visiting judge handling the case, Michael Brady, a retired probate and Juvenile Court judge from Logan County.
The Dispatch has received no response from the court. Martin did not return repeated telephone calls. Other attempts to reach Brady also were unsuccessful.
Mrs. Jordan's lawyer, Anthony Greco of Columbus, did not respond to requests for comment.
In 2011, deputies were called to the Jordans' Powell-area home for a domestic dispute. A prosecutor said probable cause existed to charge Mr. Jordan with assault, domestic violence and disorderly conduct, but Mrs. Jordan refused to press charges.
Legal authority to seal a divorce case because the parties are public officials and children are involved doesn't appear to exist.
In a 2004 case involving the sealing of the Adams County divorce of former state Rep. Danny Bubp, the Ohio Supreme Court ruled that information about the case could not be withheld from the public.
Neither Bubp, who now is a judge in Brown County, nor the judge who sealed the case, asserted that the case records were exempt from release under public-records laws, the justices ruled.
"Any record used by a court to render a decision is a record subject" to release under public-records laws, the court said in citing a ruling made earlier in 2004.
From The Akron Beacon Journal A divided Akron City Council will air its public meetings as they unfold.
With dissenting voices, City Council passed legislation (May 1) that amends a contract with WhiteSpace Creative, the Akron firm that manages the city's official website and records council meetings, then uploads them the next day. The legislation requires WhiteSpace to livestream the meetings instead, a process that gives anyone with an internet connection access in real time.
Proponents of the move say it opens up government to the voters, residents and taxpayers. Even those on the council who admittedly reject social media or lack technological skills have taken note that the public expects convenient access. It's time to get with the times, they argue.
Sims supported the measure, which was first offered weeks ago by Councilwoman Tara Mosley-Samples.
... Despite the apparent interest, President Marilyn Keith of Ward 8, President Pro Tem Donnie Kammer of Ward 7, Bob Hoch of Ward 6 and Mike Freeman of Ward 9 voted against the livestream bill.
None said they want to keep the meetings hidden. To the contrary, each voiced support of open and accessible government that works for the people. But for various reasons, they objected to the livestream plan.
From The Columbus Dispatch The Ohio Department of Public Safety improperly withheld public records concerning the deployment of 37 troopers to a North Dakota pipeline protest, a court expert ruled (in late April).
A special master in the Ohio Court of Claims found that state officials improperly cited privacy laws and security exemptions in refusing to release records to The Cincinnati Enquirer.
Records identifying the deployed state troopers should have been turned over once the troopers returned to Ohio and most sections of a multi-state, mutual-aid agreement also should have been released, the special master ruled.
State lawyers had argued that the release of the information would imperil the troopers' personal safety amid protester threats accompanying the clash-filled Dakota Access Pipeline protest.
Special Master Jeffrey Clark rejected that premise, ruling the troopers' names could be shielded during their deployment Oct. 30 to Nov. 15, but should later have been released.
"DPS presents little or no evidence of credible current threats directed against the troopers or their families" in retaliation for their duties near the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation, Clark wrote.
The Dispatch also unsuccessfully sought records concerning the troopers' work in North Dakota and, after its request was denied, dropped its demand for the troopers' names. The amended request still was denied.
Clark also found that the state improperly failed to release most sections of the Emergency Management Assistance Compact, the agreement through which states can seek assistance from one another.
Most of the document contains only "administrative and billing information" and has been released by at least six other states, he wrote. However, sections disclosing the equipment used by police can be withheld to help protect the officers' safety, Clark ruled.
A State Highway Patrol spokesman said the agency does not comment on pending litigation. Jack Greiner, a Cincinnati lawyer representing The Enquirer, lamented the state's "hostility to government transparency" after saying he learned that the state plans to object to Clark's ruling. A Court of Claims judge will make the final ruling on Clark's recommendations.
The Dispatch requested records showing troopers' use of force against Dakota Access Pipeline protesters. One video showed a trooper using pepper spray. Citing security concerns, the patrol refused to release the use-of-force reports. But it provided a record indicating the use of force was reviewed and found to be appropriate. A Grove City woman who unsuccessfully requested the same records has since filed a public-records complaint with the Ohio Court of Claims.
In Clark's ruling, The Enquirer lost its bid for correspondence and emails concerning the dispatching of the troopers to the pipeline protest because its request was found ambiguous and overly broad.
From the AP The Ohio Supreme Court wants to see unredacted autopsy reports from eight slayings in one family as justices consider media lawsuits seeking access to those full reports from the year-old, unsolved case.
The court on Wednesday ordered the Pike County coroner to submit the reports within two weeks for justices to review outside of public view. The court said it would receive the autopsies under seal but won't consider additional materials about why authorities want to continue withholding some of that information.
The decision came days before the one-year mark of when seven adults and a teenage boy from the Rhoden family were found shot to death at four homes near Piketon, in rural southern Ohio, on April 22.
The Columbus Dispatch and The Cincinnati Enquirer separately sued for access to the full final autopsies, but authorities want to shield the information, arguing that its release could compromise the investigation. Pike County Coroner David Kessler also has noted the victims' relatives raised concerns about sharing details of their loved ones' deaths.
From The Akron Beacon Journal Residents who want to see or hear how their taxes are going to be spent should follow Councilwoman Tara Mosley-Samples on Facebook.
Right now, she's the only one in Akron consistently broadcasting what the council does every Monday. And, after demonstrating that it costs nothing and requires little more than pointing a smartphone at the action, her proposal to hand over the job to a marketing company already hired by the council might not fly.
Mosley-Samples introduced legislation Monday that would add livestreaming of public meetings to a $57,000-per-year contract with WhiteSpace Creative.
Bob Zajac, who runs the public relations company in Akron, is up to the task. He and an employee already attend the meetings. All they would need to do is set up a free Facebook account (City Council already has a Twitter handle) and click the "live" button when the app is open on any smart device with a camera.
Zajac would charge nothing more. The contract already requires him to "attend and record video of weekly City Council meetings and post the video." What's holding up some on the council, however, is Zajac's request for a wall-mounted camera that he could swivel remotely to capture the action. Plus, "the city would have to hard-wire this chamber. I would not want to risk going live with Wi-Fi," he told the council.
His concern: If the connection fails, so goes the footage.
"I've never had a problem with the Wi-Fi," said Mosley-Samples, who livestreams from her chair.
Having already shopped around, Zajac said it would cost $10,000 to $15,000 to install wiring and the camera, and two television monitors that could display to the public what council members are seeing on their city-issued iPads.
Beyond the equipment, "our costs would not be any different," said Zajac.
Actually, the costs may be nothing. Mosley-Samples proved this when she asked two members of her church to livestream last Monday's activity using a smartphone and a tablet, demonstrating that it can be done for free and without interruption.
The council signs off on nearly $1 billion in public spending each year, a little at a time each Monday — except holidays — on the third floor of City Hall (166 S. High St.).
Residents show up at 7 p.m. when legislation is bundled and approved, often with little or no discussion. Often, attendees take turns complaining on a microphone for three minutes or less about what the council has or hasn't done.
Rarely anyone shows up at 1:30 p.m. when most people are at work. But these afternoon sessions hold the deliberative discussions behind the sweeping up-or-down votes taken later that night.
This Monday, as the sixth and final committee met to discuss Mosley-Samples' livestreaming proposal, only four people sat in the audience: Zajac, his WhiteSpace employee and two reporters.
Mosley-Samples explained that her video post last week garnered 219 views while the meeting was still happening and 953 more afterward. More might watch it if uploaded each week to YouTube and shared in a link on Twitter, Mosley-Samples said after explaining to some colleagues about how social media platforms work in tandem to communicate and cross-brand content.
From The Plain Dealer Cuyahoga County officials said Wednesday they were largely within the law to keep secret incident reports involving former county executive and one-time Democratic gubernatorial candidate Ed FitzGerald.
Nineteen pages of incident reports released as part of an Ohio Supreme Court decision against the county were a fraction of the 550 pages of records county officials say were reviewed by the court.
The court found the county sheriff's office illegally withheld eight incident reports in response to a 2015 public records request.
But county officials counted the decision as a win.
"The county prevailed with regard to the vast majority of the challenged documents," the county said in a statement from spokeswoman Mary Louise Madigan. "The rest remain protected under seal because they document real threats and investigations. The court recognized that the county properly withheld those reports because our principal protection unit determined there were threats and we take threats very seriously."
Attorneys for plaintiff Mark Miller did not immediately return a phone call seeking comment Wednesday. The court awarded Miller court costs and attorney fees in an amount yet to be determined.
At issue is a recording of a nearly-five-hour public council retreat Jan. 10 in Lewis Center. Foulk requested a copy of the recording and received it, but city officials withheld about 14 minutes because it included the city's attorney discussing legal issues.
A full recording of the meeting was posted on the city's website Tuesday afternoon, following a Monday night council vote.
The once-redacted portion occurs approximately 2 hours and 45 minutes into the meeting, Upper Arlington spokeswoman Emma Speight said.
It includes a conversation about the city's February decision to outsource its 911 dispatching services to the Dublin-based Northwest Regional Emergency Communications Center.
The city charter gives City Manager Ted Staton the authority to approve the move himself, Hummer said in the recording. The discussion concerned whether council intended to approve an ordinance anyway. They eventually did.
Staton's authority means the public cannot overturn the controversial decision with a ballot initiative or referendum, according to the conversation.
Earlier this year, city officials said that conversation was exempt from disclosure under state law. Council members said Monday that they believe that is still the case, but by waiving attorney-client privilege, the city could move forward and avoid accruing further legal expenses. A Dispatch reporter submitted a public records request Tuesday asking how much the city has spent defending the case.
Two council members, Debbie Johnson and Brendan King, voted against releasing the recording. Member David DeCapua was absent.
The audio posted on the city website doesn't specify which portions were once redacted. The edited audio file has been removed.
Foulk and his attorney are pushing for the once-redacted portion of the audio to be posted separately online. Foulk says it's an "undue burden" to force residents to listen to the entire recording and compare it to the redacted version in order to decipher which parts were once omitted.
The city has no plans to do so, Speight said.
From Ohio Court News The Ohio Supreme Court ruled today that nine incident reports relating to former Cuyahoga County Executive Edward FitzGerald from May 2012 to August 2014 are public records and must be released to the requestor.
In a unanimous per curiam opinion, the Court held that the Cuyahoga County Sheriff's Office incorrectly determined the reports were "security records" that were exempt from the Ohio Public Records Act, R.C. 149.43.
Judy Blatnik, the sheriff's public records manager, denied the request asserting the records were security records and not subject to disclosure.
Miller then filed an action in the Court against Bova and Blatnik seeking a writ of mandamus compelling the sheriff's office to turn over the requested reports. Subsequently, Bova was succeeded by Sheriff Clifford Pinkney, and today's ruling applies to Pinkney's office.
Incident Reports Are Public Records The Court explained that incident reports initiate criminal investigations but are not part of the investigation and that routine offense and incident reports are public records and typically subject to immediate release upon request.
The Court further explained that R.C. 149.433(A)(1) defines a security record as " '[a]ny record that contains information directly used for protecting or maintaining the security of a public office against attack, interference, or sabotage' " and that a security record is not a public record and is not subject to disclosure pursuant to the Public Records Act.
After conducting an in camera inspection of the records in the possession of the sheriff's office that are responsive to Miller's request, the Court determined that among those records are nine incident reports that are not security records and that are subject to release with the redaction of exempt information. The Court therefore granted the writ in part and denied it in part and attached the nine redacted reports to its opinion as an appendix. The Court also awarded Miller costs and reasonable attorney fees to be determined after he files an itemized application.
2015-0612. State ex rel. Miller v. Pinkney, Slip Opinion No. 2017-Ohio-1335.
Akron Beacon Journal editorial While the efforts often seem well-meaning on the surface, carving out exemptions to the state's open records law is far too often based on imagined possibilities rather than solid evidence about the need to withhold information from the public. That is clearly the case with a misguided bill under consideration in the Ohio House. It would expand public records disclosure exemptions to include information on minors involved in school-related traffic crashes.
Out of bounds under the bill would be names, addresses, contact information or other personal details of minors involved in a crash involving a school vehicle.
Among other arguments, proponents point to state and federal laws that protect student privacy. In effect, they view a school bus or vehicle as an extension of the classroom. On closer examination, such a rationale falls apart.
Student privacy laws already allow directory information, such as names and addresses, to be released, and records of crashes are kept by law enforcement agencies, not schools.
Dennis Hetzel, the executive director of the Ohio News Media Association, pointed to the lack of evidence of abuse by pedophiles or identity thieves. What must be carefully balanced, he effectively countered, is the public's right to know details about school bus crashes, a serious public safety issue.
Good journalism, Hetzel reminded, means getting access to information to tell a story with maximum impact. Watering down access to crash reports involving school vehicles would create obstacles to that important mission, not to mention continuing the dangerous trend toward punching more holes in public records law, already riddle with some 30 major exemptions.
With more than 1,500 school bus accidents in Ohio in 2014 and 2015, the public deserves to know more, not less, about what is happening to children put in harm's way going to and from school. Such coverage could push school officials to address more closely safety concerns, while hiding them would protect them from potential liability. Unfortunately, organizations representing school administrative and business officials support the House bill.
That's a powerful image. What must be weighed carefully in the balance are the real statistics about school bus crashes and the need for reporting that could lead to safety improvements.
In the past, lawmakers have bowed too easily to pleas for secrecy based on illusions, protecting, for example, the names of those with a concealed carry permit out of fears their weapons might be stolen or shrouding details on how the death penalty is conducted to somehow protect those carrying it out.
Yet without transparency, it is certain that citizens will have increased difficulty knowing what is done in their names and holding public officials accountable.


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Medical cannabis businesses eye potential new markets in southern US
Published April 1, 2020 | By Jeff Smith
Medical marijuana legalization efforts are advancing through several states in the southern U.S., and if successful, they promise tens of millions of dollars of opportunities for cannabis entrepreneurs searching for markets that potentially offer lower costs and fewer barriers to entry.
Marijuana businesses looking to launch in the region could benefit from:
Lower real estate and labor costs than are seen in other regions of the United States.
Possible government incentives if cannabis firms locate in areas that are experiencing economic hardships.
Potentially less competition if fewer license applicants exist in the area.
The generally conservative southern region of the country – a cannabis industry latecomer – remains a work in progress, and it could take time for some markets to materialize and mature.
Coronavirus outbreaks in the region also could delay potential advancements.
For example, Alabama and South Carolina lawmakers were considering MMJ bills. Those legislatures have indefinitely suspended proceedings, but they are expected to focus on top business priorities when they reconvene.
However, there are clear signs of progress overall, and here's what you should know:
Arkansas is a visible example of the advancements around medical marijuana in the South. The state's first medical marijuana dispensary opened in May 2019, and sales have steadily increased since. Revenues in the first six weeks of 2020 alone topped $10 million.
A small medical cannabis market in Louisiana kicked off in August 2019.
Medical cannabis sales were legalized in Georgia through legislation that was signed into law in April 2019, but it remains unclear as to when that market will actually launch.
MMJ legalization also is making headway in Alabama, Mississippi and South Carolina.
Florida, which has about a half-billion-dollar-a-year market that kicked off in 2016, is the regional leader. A law that went into effect in 2019 repealed a ban on smokable medical marijuana products, providing more market opportunities and a larger profit potential. Some industry watchers said that might help rebalance the Florida MMJ market that one company has largely dominated.
Southern MMJ business opportunities
"All in all, the South is generally making great strides," said Sally Peebles, partner of Vicente Sederberg's office in Jacksonville, Florida. Peebles keeps a close eye on the region.
Experts said some southern states could offer cost advantages for cannabis businesses looking to set up shop.
Some of these states are "certainly more affordable" in terms of real estate than many other areas of the country, Peebles noted.
Financial incentives and extra application points also could become available to applicants who locate operations in economic-hardship communities, she added.
Whitt Steineker, co-chair of the Birmingham, Alabama-based Bradley law firm's cannabis industry team, said Alabama "would be an attractive place by both the cost of plant (facilities) and the cost of labor."'
He's heard interest from local businesses as well as multistate operators that want to include the region in their nationwide footprints.
Steineker also noted some of the state's hemp growers are acquiring real estate and making capital investments in equipment that could enable them to set themselves up as attractive medical cannabis applicants.
Experts advise caution
But medical marijuana businesses should remain cautious not to jump the gun.
"If people really want to get into the South, I would wait and see" whether states pass measures and licensing is determined, Peebles said.
For example, if a state requires vertically integrated operations, marijuana entrepreneurs would find that market more expensive to enter.
Or take Mississippi, where a business-friendly initiative with no license caps made the November 2020 ballot.
But the state's Legislature countered and voted to place a more restrictive measure on the ballot to compete with the pro-business one.
"I was very excited about Mississippi but now very disappointed with the Legislature," Peebles said.
Jamie Grantham, communications director for the Medical Marijuana 2020 Campaign, which leads Mississippi's business-friendly measure, couldn't agree more.
"The whole intent behind the (legislative) alternative on the ballot is to confuse voters," Grantham said in a recent interview.
Grantham accuses the Legislature of "playing political games" with Mississippians who need medical cannabis to relieve chronic pain and treat other conditions.
She said the campaign backing the voter initiative doesn't have a lot of money, but its mission over the next seven months will involve trying to persuade voters that a free market is the best approach.
Where some areas of the south stand on MMJ
Here is a roundup of the current medical marijuana legislative activity in the southern U.S., including more detail on the competing ballot initiatives in Mississippi:
Alabama: A state Senate committee advanced a bill that would create a limited medical marijuana program with 34 dispensaries licensed statewide. It's uncertain whether the state House will pass the bill, and the Legislature currently is suspended because of the coronavirus pandemic.
Arkansas: The state last year licensed 32 dispensaries, but only 17 had opened their doors as of early February. Regulators, frustrated with delays, awarded a 33rd license to the next-highest-ranking applicant in the Pine Bluff region to meet demand. That triggered a lawsuit and a temporary halt to issuing additional MMJ licenses. But a judge recently sided with the state on the issue. The Marijuana Business Factbook projects Arkansas will hit $105 million in MMJ sales this year.
Florida: The state has become one of the most robust medical cannabis markets in the country, with close to 330,000 qualified patients and 234 dispensaries as of March 27. Sales have boomed since smokable products were allowed last year. The Marijuana Business Factbook estimates that 2019 sales totaled $450 million-$550 million.
Georgia: Lawmakers last year passed a limited medical marijuana program, and a commission was formed to develop rules. It's uncertain when sales will begin. Only six producer/processor licenses are available, and pharmacies rather than independent dispensaries are expected to sell the products, which must adhere to a 5% THC potency limit. In addition, flower, edibles and vaping are banned.
Louisiana: The state's long-awaited medical cannabis market launched last August, with THC- and CBD-rich liquid tinctures sold at nine dispensaries across the state. Smokable flower and vape products are not permitted. A second cultivator is expected to come online soon. The market was constrained because of limited products and high prices. The Marijuana Business Factbook estimated 2019 sales at only $1 million-$1.5 million.
Mississippi: Voters will see two initiatives on the ballot in November: A business-friendly MMJ initiative that would prohibit the state from capping the number of licenses and a much more restrictive measure put forth by the state Legislature. The wording of the state Legislature's proposed constitutional amendment is vague, but the initiative appears to call for limited products and licenses, with "treatment" overseen by doctors, nurses and pharmacists.
Grantham of the Medical Marijuana 2020 Campaign described the citizen initiative as having a "free-market approach" but emphasized the group "took the best parts of all the programs (around the country)." She said that when she speaks to groups about the measure, she usually has several people come up afterward who express interest in the program, including applying for licenses.
South Carolina: Lawmakers have discussed medical marijuana legalization, but it's unclear whether a measure that's been introduced – the South Carolina Compassionate Care Act – will advance this year. The bill would set up a commercial market with a 6% retail sales tax but prohibit smokable products and inhalation. Legislative proceedings have halted because of coronavirus, and only pressing issues will likely see consideration when the legislature reconvenes.
Jeff Smith can be reached at [email protected]
More medical cannabis companies bolster operations in lucrative Florida market following smokable flower ban repeal
Chart: Lack of dispensaries doesn't limit first six months of Arkansas medical marijuana sales
Long-delayed Louisiana medical marijuana sales begin; small market projected
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One comment on "Medical cannabis businesses eye potential new markets in southern US"
Oliver warders on April 11th, 2020 - 7:31pm
Considering the climate this would not be surprising.


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SAN FRANCISCO (December 9, 1999) - Who says you can't drive on the sidewalk? Sega® of America, Inc. announced today that "Crazy Taxi™" for the 128-bit, Internet-ready Sega Dreamcast™ videogame console, will ship earlier than expected on February 1, 2000-- a full two months earlier than originally planned. Based on the smash arcade hit, the Sega Dreamcast version of "Crazy Taxi" will be a flawless translation of the original with cool new exclusive features including an all new interactive course and 9 challenging mini-games.
In "Crazy Taxi," players assume the role of one of four off-beat taxi cab drivers (Axel, B.D. Joe, Gena and Gus) racing against the clock to collect the most cash. Players pick up passengers and deliver them to their destinations in highly interactive, frenzied environments filled with detailed 3D graphics. The key to a decent tip is to dazzle your passengers with wild stunts and crazy tricks. Launch your taxi off a second story parking lot or fly down a set of stairs at ridiculous speeds-- in this game, "crazy" is the key word.
"Gamers demanded it, and we made it happen two months earlier than originally expected," said Charles Bellfield, director of marketing communications, Sega of America. "The early release of 'Crazy Taxi' further strengthens our commitment to providing gamers with the best videogames on the market and the most unique gameplay experience ever found on a console through Sega Dreamcast."
The huge interactive environments in "Crazy Taxi" present numerous options and great replay value, allowing gamers to explore various parts of the city and go off the beaten path while terrorizing the streets. Taking passengers on these wild missions will be even more entertaining with an amazing game soundtrack featuring a variety of hit punk bands. Players can screech, jump and plow through crowded city streets, while rocking out to the tunes of Offspring and Bad Religion.
"Crazy Taxi" will be available at retailers nationwide and on sega.com on February 1, 2000.
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Q: Android : Color of fonts on preview window and real device are different As you can see in the image that font color on emulator is totally black but on preview window textview at top have slightly light blue color and at the bottom text has white font. I have tested this app on two real device and i am facing the same black font problem.
I hope you guys will help to get out of this problem.
here's the code.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.android.myfirstcard.MainActivity">
    <ImageView
        android:src="@drawable/ghat"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:scaleType="centerCrop"/>
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Oldest City Of The World."
        android:textSize="36sp"
        android:textColor="#03a9f4"
        android:layout_margin="20dp"/>
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Incredible Varanasi!"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:fontFamily="sans-serif-light"
        android:textSize="36sp"
        android:textColor="#ffffff"
        android:layout_margin="20dp"/>
</RelativeLayout>

A: There is nothing wrong with your xml layout as i have copy pasted and run it on an actual device. I am thinking that the problem is in your java class. Try checking your java class because i think you are programmatically overriding your TextView color.

A: I figured out the problem by myself actually to successfully run the app you need to have same android version sdk installed in your android studio as in my case i have sdk for android marshmallow 6.0 but i was trying to run the app on a android Lollipop 5.1 device.

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