text:
The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response: A finite element analysis
Hao Yin, Mansour Solaimanian, Tanmay Kumar, Shelley Stoffels
Larson Pennsylvania Transportation Institute
Dynamic response of asphalt concrete (AC) pavements under moving load is a key component for accurate prediction of flexible pavement performance. The time and temperature dependency of AC materials calls for utilizing advanced material characterization and mechanistic theories, such as viscoelasticity and stress/strain analysis. In layered elastic analysis, as implemented in the new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG), the time dependency is accounted for by calculating the loading times at different AC layer depths. In this study, the time effect on pavement response was evaluated by means of the concept of "pseudo temperature." With the pavement temperature measured from instrumented thermocouples, the time and temperature dependency of AC materials was integrated into one single factor, termed "effective temperature." Via this effective temperature, pavement responses under a transient load were predicted through finite element analysis. In the finite element model, viscoelastic behavior of AC materials was characterized through relaxation moduli, while the layers with unbound granular material were assumed to be in an elastic mode. The analysis was conducted for two different AC mixtures in a simplified flexible pavement structure at two different seasons. Finite element analysis results reveal that the loading time has a more pronounced impact on pavement response in the summer for both asphalt types. The results indicate that for reasonable prediction of dynamic response in flexible pavements, the effect of the depth-dependent loading time on pavement temperature should be considered.
Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials
Dive into the research topics of 'The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response: A finite element analysis'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Pavements Engineering & Materials Science 100%
Dynamic response Engineering & Materials Science 92%
Asphalt concrete Engineering & Materials Science 85%
Finite element method Engineering & Materials Science 66%
Time Chemical Compounds 38%
Viscoelasticity Chemical Compounds 18%
Granular materials Engineering & Materials Science 14%
Yin, H., Solaimanian, M., Kumar, T., & Stoffels, S. (2007). The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response: A finite element analysis. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, 11(3-4), 265-288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11043-008-9047-8
Yin, Hao ; Solaimanian, Mansour ; Kumar, Tanmay et al. / The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response : A finite element analysis. In: Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials. 2007 ; Vol. 11, No. 3-4. pp. 265-288.
@article{6c9a535e24b14a11a81d3fcc8314e838,
title = "The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response: A finite element analysis",
abstract = "Dynamic response of asphalt concrete (AC) pavements under moving load is a key component for accurate prediction of flexible pavement performance. The time and temperature dependency of AC materials calls for utilizing advanced material characterization and mechanistic theories, such as viscoelasticity and stress/strain analysis. In layered elastic analysis, as implemented in the new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG), the time dependency is accounted for by calculating the loading times at different AC layer depths. In this study, the time effect on pavement response was evaluated by means of the concept of {"}pseudo temperature.{"} With the pavement temperature measured from instrumented thermocouples, the time and temperature dependency of AC materials was integrated into one single factor, termed {"}effective temperature.{"} Via this effective temperature, pavement responses under a transient load were predicted through finite element analysis. In the finite element model, viscoelastic behavior of AC materials was characterized through relaxation moduli, while the layers with unbound granular material were assumed to be in an elastic mode. The analysis was conducted for two different AC mixtures in a simplified flexible pavement structure at two different seasons. Finite element analysis results reveal that the loading time has a more pronounced impact on pavement response in the summer for both asphalt types. The results indicate that for reasonable prediction of dynamic response in flexible pavements, the effect of the depth-dependent loading time on pavement temperature should be considered.",
author = "Hao Yin and Mansour Solaimanian and Tanmay Kumar and Shelley Stoffels",
note = "Funding Information: Accurate computation of flexible pavement response demands an accurate record of pavement temperature because of its important role in characterizing the viscoelastic behavior of AC materials. In this study, pavement temperature data was collected from a full-depth AC pavement section on the southbound lanes of SR 1001 in Blair County, Pennsylvania. This instrumented section is part of a comprehensive research project called the Superpave In-Situ Stress/Strain Investigation (SISSI), sponsored by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. The pavement section consists of a granular subbase and three Superpave-designed hot mix asphalt layers: a bituminous concrete base course (BCBC), a binder course, and a wearing course. Pavement temperatures at different depths are monitored with thermocouples every 30 minutes. Details of the instrumentation and construction are reported elsewhere (Anderson et al. 2003 and Solaimanian et al. 2006). Two typical pavement temperature profiles are plotted in Fig. 2 for summer and spring, respectively. Both profiles suggest that the temperature in the upper layers varies significantly as compared to the underlying layers, especially for the hot season.",
journal = "Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials",
Yin, H, Solaimanian, M, Kumar, T & Stoffels, S 2007, 'The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response: A finite element analysis', Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, vol. 11, no. 3-4, pp. 265-288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11043-008-9047-8
The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response : A finite element analysis. / Yin, Hao; Solaimanian, Mansour; Kumar, Tanmay et al.
In: Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Vol. 11, No. 3-4, 12.2007, p. 265-288.
T1 - The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response
T2 - A finite element analysis
AU - Yin, Hao
AU - Solaimanian, Mansour
AU - Kumar, Tanmay
AU - Stoffels, Shelley
N1 - Funding Information: Accurate computation of flexible pavement response demands an accurate record of pavement temperature because of its important role in characterizing the viscoelastic behavior of AC materials. In this study, pavement temperature data was collected from a full-depth AC pavement section on the southbound lanes of SR 1001 in Blair County, Pennsylvania. This instrumented section is part of a comprehensive research project called the Superpave In-Situ Stress/Strain Investigation (SISSI), sponsored by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. The pavement section consists of a granular subbase and three Superpave-designed hot mix asphalt layers: a bituminous concrete base course (BCBC), a binder course, and a wearing course. Pavement temperatures at different depths are monitored with thermocouples every 30 minutes. Details of the instrumentation and construction are reported elsewhere (Anderson et al. 2003 and Solaimanian et al. 2006). Two typical pavement temperature profiles are plotted in Fig. 2 for summer and spring, respectively. Both profiles suggest that the temperature in the upper layers varies significantly as compared to the underlying layers, especially for the hot season.
N2 - Dynamic response of asphalt concrete (AC) pavements under moving load is a key component for accurate prediction of flexible pavement performance. The time and temperature dependency of AC materials calls for utilizing advanced material characterization and mechanistic theories, such as viscoelasticity and stress/strain analysis. In layered elastic analysis, as implemented in the new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG), the time dependency is accounted for by calculating the loading times at different AC layer depths. In this study, the time effect on pavement response was evaluated by means of the concept of "pseudo temperature." With the pavement temperature measured from instrumented thermocouples, the time and temperature dependency of AC materials was integrated into one single factor, termed "effective temperature." Via this effective temperature, pavement responses under a transient load were predicted through finite element analysis. In the finite element model, viscoelastic behavior of AC materials was characterized through relaxation moduli, while the layers with unbound granular material were assumed to be in an elastic mode. The analysis was conducted for two different AC mixtures in a simplified flexible pavement structure at two different seasons. Finite element analysis results reveal that the loading time has a more pronounced impact on pavement response in the summer for both asphalt types. The results indicate that for reasonable prediction of dynamic response in flexible pavements, the effect of the depth-dependent loading time on pavement temperature should be considered.
AB - Dynamic response of asphalt concrete (AC) pavements under moving load is a key component for accurate prediction of flexible pavement performance. The time and temperature dependency of AC materials calls for utilizing advanced material characterization and mechanistic theories, such as viscoelasticity and stress/strain analysis. In layered elastic analysis, as implemented in the new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG), the time dependency is accounted for by calculating the loading times at different AC layer depths. In this study, the time effect on pavement response was evaluated by means of the concept of "pseudo temperature." With the pavement temperature measured from instrumented thermocouples, the time and temperature dependency of AC materials was integrated into one single factor, termed "effective temperature." Via this effective temperature, pavement responses under a transient load were predicted through finite element analysis. In the finite element model, viscoelastic behavior of AC materials was characterized through relaxation moduli, while the layers with unbound granular material were assumed to be in an elastic mode. The analysis was conducted for two different AC mixtures in a simplified flexible pavement structure at two different seasons. Finite element analysis results reveal that the loading time has a more pronounced impact on pavement response in the summer for both asphalt types. The results indicate that for reasonable prediction of dynamic response in flexible pavements, the effect of the depth-dependent loading time on pavement temperature should be considered.
JO - Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials
JF - Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials
Yin H, Solaimanian M, Kumar T, Stoffels S. The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response: A finite element analysis. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials. 2007 Dec;11(3-4):265-288. doi: 10.1007/s11043-008-9047-8


text:
TFO ist ein kanadischer Bildungs-Fernsehsender mit Sitz in Toronto in der Provinz Ontario. Er ist der einzige französischsprachige Sender Kanadas, der komplett außerhalb Québecs operiert.

Früher war er Eigentum von TVOntario, er wurde aber 2007 unabhängig.

Französischsprachiger Fernsehsender (Kanada)
TFO
Medien (Toronto)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


From the Sword Art Online game, Elucidator is Kirito's weapon of choice which was a monster drop from a boss. Upon obtaining Elucidator, Kirito didn't have the proper STR stats to wield it but in time, he even wielded it along with his other sword, the Dark Repulser.
The Dark Repulser is also another weapon of Kirito in Sword Art Online. It was crafted by Lisbeth especially for Kirito after they obtained a Crystallite Ingot, also known as dragon poop. Using his Dual Blades skill, he can wield both the Elucidator and Dark Repulser.
Kirito's girlfriend, Asuna, also prefers swords for her in-game weapon. She is famous for her use of rapier swords and her nickname, The Flash was due to her usage of Lambent Light. Crafted by Lisbeth, the rapier was used to clear the game when Kirito stabbed and defeated Heathcliff in the final battle.


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Stocks recovered from their lows to end higher across the board in another choppy session Monday, but investors continued to question when the Fed could begin to wind down its asset-purchase program.
Stocks briefly took a leg lower as investors reacted a Financial Times article, released around 2pm ET, which stated that Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke is likely to signal that the central bank is "close to tapering down" its $85 billion-a-month in asset purchases during the highly-anticipated press conference on Wednesday. Major averages had been up more than 1 percent for most of the day, boosted by a global rally and amid optimism that Bernanke would provide more clarity on the central bank's easy money policy during the press conference.
Stocks eventually recovered from their lows as traders noted that the article did not contain much new information.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average rallied 109.67 points to end at 15,179.85, logging its fifth-consecutive triple-digit move. Cisco led the Dow gainers, while Verizon slipped.
The S&P 500 climbed 12.31 points to close at 1,639.04. And the Nasdaq jumped 28.58 points to finish at 3,452.13. With the session's gains, the Dow and S&P 500 poked back into positive territory for the month.
The CBOE Volatility Index (VIX), widely considered the best gauge of fear in the market, ended below 17.
Cyclical sectors including techs, energy and financials led the S&P 500 sector leaders, while telecoms ended in the red.
"Today's driver seat continues to be speculation about what Bernanke will do, but should the yen begin to spike again, they will resume taking the wheel immediately," said Art Cashin, director of floor operations at UBS Financial Services.
On the economic front, the New York Fed's "Empire State" manufacturing index gained to 7.84 in June from minus 1.43 in May, exceeding estimates for zero. A reading above zero indicates expansion. However, the forward-looking new orders index and employment reading weakened.
Meanwhile, homebuilder sentiment jumped, with the NAHB/Wells Fargo Housing index soaring to 52 in June from 44 in May. It was the first time the index rose above 50 for the first time since April 2006. Reading above 50 signal that more builders view market conditions a favorable than poor. All major homebuilders including Toll Brothers and KB Home added to gains following the report.
The two-day Fed meeting, ending on Wednesday with a press briefing and economic forecast from Chairman Ben Bernanke, will be the main focus for global markets this week. Investors will be listening for details on when the Fed may start scaling back its $85 billion monthly bond purchases.
"There's been a tug-of-war in the market [in the last few sessions], but investors are anticipating some more clarity coming from the FOMC meeting on Wednesday," said Matt Kaufler, portfolio manager of the Federated Clover Fund. "My personal view is that the dips should be bought…as there's still room in the market left to the upside."
"If, and how, these forecasts change could send an important signal about the Fed's near term intentions," said Scicluna.
In company news, Smithfield Foods advanced after shareholder Starboard Value said the pork processor should be broken up rather than be sold to Chinese meat company Shuanghui International. The activist shareholder, which disclosed a 5.7 percent stake in the company, said Smithfield might be worth "well in excess" of the $34 per share offered by Shuanghui if it split into hog production, pork and international units and shopped the businesses separately.
Netflix soared to lead the S&P 500 gainers after the online move-streaming company struck its largest-ever original content deal with DreamWorks Animation.
Facebook edged higher after the social-networking giant sent out invitations to members of the press for a "new product" event this Thursday.
Investors will also be focused on Apple, after the tech giant's stock closed below its 50-day moving average of $434.76 last Friday, after trading on either side of the level all week.
Brent crude oil futures touched a 10-week high and U.S. oil hit a nine-month high as tensions in the Middle East escalated, but prices finished slightly lower on the day. Meanwhile, a CNBC sentiment survey found that crude prices may return to $100 a barrel this week.
And JPMorgan strategists said in a note that investors are ignoring the possibility of a price shock due to Mideast tensions that could sent brent crude prices to $115 a barrel this year.


It's anticipated that funds will become available for the House Key program in a couple weeks. House Key is the Washington state bond program that offers below market rates to borrowers that meet certain criteria, including income limits. Income limits vary by county and family size.
The Washington State Housing Finance Commission has announced changes to income limits for some of their down payment assistance programs.
I've been studying the different loan programs in WA State and came across your website. We're considering taking out a Home Advantage mortgage but need clarification on one of the restrictions.


talks in Cuba after making progress towards a ceasefire agreement.
would stay in the Cuban capital Havana for a further round of discussions.
measures to stop the use of anti-personnel mines.
detachments everywhere - such is the only way."
can cross out the word revolution from their dictionary."
"Without a Peoples Army the people have nothing"


This is a beautiful wall clock depicting the famous painting Vase with 12 Sunflowers by Vincent van Gogh. The clock face is 12" in diameter. It features a silent, battery-powered movement that's made in the USA. This would make a great gift or personal item for the van Gogh aficionado or anyone who loves classic artwork.


text:
Q: How to make database design for multiple information included table? How to design one to one database table?
I have a report that gets data from users. But report includes multiple type of records.
Report includes following information:

*

*Customer information (name, age, city, ...)

*Company information (name, address, coutry, year, ...)

*Device information (devname, code, serialnumber,...)

*Approve information (who_approved, date, ..)

and more information.
So I have a report table. But should create only one report table and add all columns in this table?
Or should I create a Reports table and CustomerInformation, CompanyInformation, DeviceInformation, ApproveInformation and one to one relationships?

A: First of all, you should know if you are going with MYSQL or MongoDB.
In MYSQL, it is not a good approach to use clustered table. While, in MongoDB, using clustered table is always an option.
Anyways, normalizing the database is the best approach. Which means, you should make more tables if possible but avoid data redundancy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Hairy Woodpecker has a large range, estimated globally at 13,000,000 square kilometers. Native to North and Central America, this bird prefers subtropical or tropical forest ecosystems. The global population of this bird is estimated at 9,400,000 individuals and does not show signs of decline that would necessitate inclusion on the IUCN Red List. For this reason, the current evaluation status of the Hairy Woodpecker is Least Concern.
Hairy Woodpecker: This species is a resident throughout much of North America from subarctic Alaska across Canada and south throughout most of the United States to the Gulf of Mexico and further south into Mexico. Some northern birds migrate south for the winter. Its preferred habitats include deciduous forests.
Aggressive calls during a territorial dispute.
Rapid "peek" calls from a female near nest.
"Pik" calls from a female.
The Hairy Woodpecker has more than 17 recognized subspecies.
They are the most prolific woodpeckers in North America.
The males incubate the eggs during the night while the females incubate them during the day.


text:
\section{Introduction}
The applications of unitary chiral approaches (U$\chi$PT) in studies of
low-lying baryons (mesons) have revealed many interesting aspects of these
hadronic systems. One of these concerns the $\Lambda(1405)$, which is found to correspond to
two poles on the complex plane, one
narrower around 1420 MeV and one broader around 1390
MeV~\cite{Oller:2000fj,Hyodo:2002pk,GarciaRecio:2002td,Jido:2003cb,Borasoy:2005ie,Oller:2005ig,Oller:2006jw,Borasoy:2006sr}. This could have tremendous
effects on our understanding of the kaon-nucleon interaction, and furthermore,
on the idea of superstrong kaon-nucleon interaction. The reason is quite simple
because the 1420 MeV pole is
just 12 MeV below the kaon-proton threshold while the position of the
nominal $\Lambda(1405)$ is another 15 MeV lower. The attraction for the nominal $\Lambda(1405)$,
therefore, is much stronger than for the former.

The $\Lambda(1520)$ is not less
interesting. Studies based on unitary chiral approaches
showed that the $\pi\Sigma^*$ channel plays such an important role
in the formation of this resonance that it qualifies as a bound state of the $\pi\Sigma^*$~\cite{Kolomeitsev:2003kt,Sarkar:2004jh,Sarkar:2005ap,Roca:2006sz}.
More specifically, the coupling of the $\Lambda(1520)$ to the $\pi\Sigma^*$ channel
is almost  two times larger than its couplings to $\bar{K}N$ and $\pi\Sigma$, although
the branching ratios of the $\Lambda(1520)$ to these two latter channels are about $45\%$ and $42\%$,
respectively, while the branching ratio to the former is only $\sim10\%$~\cite{Roca:2006sz}.\footnote{The
couplings of the $\Lambda(1520)$ to the various channels have been defined
in a way that the $d$-wave couplings incorporate the $q^2$ factor
and a normalization such that, up to phase space, the decay widths have the same expression
in terms of the coupling constants. Hence,
a direct comparison of the $s$-wave and $d$-wave couplings is appropriate~\cite{Sarkar:2005ap,Roca:2006sz}.} The U$\chi$PT description of the
$\Lambda(1520)$ has recently been studied in various reactions, including
$K^-p\rightarrow \pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$, $\gamma p\rightarrow K^+ K^- p$, $\gamma p\rightarrow K^+ \pi^0\pi^0\Lambda$,  $\pi^- p\rightarrow K^0 K^- p$~\cite{Roca:2006sz}, $K^-p\rightarrow\pi^0\pi^0\Lambda$~\cite{Sarkar:2005ap,Roca:2006sz},
$pp\rightarrow p K^+ K^- p$, $pp\rightarrow p K^+\pi^0\pi^0\Lambda$~\cite{Roca:2006pu},
and the radiative decay of the $\Lambda(1520)$ to  $\gamma\Lambda$ ($\gamma\Sigma^0$)~\cite{Doring:2006ub}.

The $J/\psi$ and $\psi'$ experiments at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC)
provide an excellent place for studying excited nucleons and baryons, due to the
spin- and isospin-filtering of the $J/\psi$ decay process~\cite{Zou:2000wg,Ablikim:2004ug}.
The BEPC is now being upgraded to a two-ring collider
(BEPCII) with a design luminosity of $1\times10^{33}$ cm$^{−2}$ s$^{−1}$ at 3.89 GeV and will
operate between 2 and 4.2 GeV in the center of mass. With this luminosity,
the new BESIII detector will be able to collect, for example, 10 billion $J/\psi$
events in one year of running. This amount of $J/\psi$ events will make possible a
complementary study of the properties of many excited nucleons and hyperons, which
in the past were only accessible in $\pi N$ ($KN$) scatterings. In this sense, this work
also aims to motivate the BES collaboration to perform a detailed study of the
proposed reactions.

This paper proceeds as follows: In section II, we briefly outline the
unitary chiral description of the $\Lambda(1520)$. In Section III, we
study the $J/\psi\rightarrow \bar{\Lambda}K^-p$ and
$J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda} \pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$ reactions
within the unitary chiral approach, more specifically, we look at the ratio of
the invariant mass distributions at the $\Lambda(1520)$ peak position.
By studying this quantity, we not only can deepen our understanding of the nature
of the $\Lambda(1520)$ and the underlying chiral dynamics, but also can avoid many
uncertainties related to the unknown vertices and couplings in the production of
the $\Lambda(1520)$. Results and discussions are given in Section IV, followed by a brief summary
in Section V.

\begin{table*}[htpb]
      \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
     \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.4cm}
     \centering
     \caption{The parameter values in the dynamical generation of the
$\Lambda(1520)$. The parameters $\gamma_{13}$ and $\gamma_{14}$ are in units of $10^{-7}$ MeV$^{-5}$, while
$\gamma_{33}$, $\gamma_{34}$ and $\gamma_{44}$ are in $10^{-12}$ MeV$^{-5}$.  \label{table:cpc1}}
     \begin{tabular}{ccccc}
     \hline\hline
       $\gamma_{13}$  &$\gamma_{14}$  &$\gamma_{33}$  &
$\gamma_{34}$  &$\gamma_{44}$  \\
\hline
 $0.98\pm0.04$ & $1.10\pm0.04$ & $-1.73\pm0.02$ & $-1.108\pm0.010$ &
$-0.730\pm0.016$\\
    \hline\hline
    \end{tabular}
       \end{table*}
\section{The $\Lambda(1520)$ as a dynamically generated resonance}
The $\Lambda(1520)$ is dynamically generated in a
coupled channel formalism, including the
$\pi\Sigma^*$, $K\Xi^*$ in $s$ waves and $\bar{K}N$ and
$\pi\Sigma$ in $d$ waves~\cite{Sarkar:2005ap,Roca:2006sz}.
The inclusion of the $d-$wave coupled channels is essential to
put the $\Lambda(1520)$ at the right position with a proper width.

The matrix containing the tree-level amplitudes is written as (in the
order of $\pi\Sigma^*$, $K\Xi^*$, $\bar{K}N$, and $\pi\Sigma$)~\cite{Roca:2006sz}:
\begin{equation}\label{eq:treeV}
 V=\left(\begin{array}{cccc}
C_{11}(k_1^0+k_1^0)&C_{12}(k_1^0+k_2^0)&\gamma_{13}q^2_3&\gamma_{14}q^2_4\\
C_{21}(k_2^0+k_1^0)&C_{22}(k_2^0+k_2^0)&0&0\\
\gamma_{13}q^2_3&0&\gamma_{33}q^4_3&\gamma_{34}q^2_3q^2_4\\
\gamma_{14}q^2_4&0&\gamma_{34}q^2_3q^2_4&\gamma_{44}q^4_4\\
         \end{array}\right),
\end{equation}
where $q_i=\frac{\sqrt{(s-(M_i+m_i)^2)(s-(M_i-m_i)^2)}}{2\sqrt{s}}$
is the center-of-mass momentum of channel $i$, $k^0_i=\frac{s+m_i^2-M_i^2}{2\sqrt{s}}$ is the energy
of meson $i$ with $M_i$ ($m_i$) the baryon (meson) mass of channel $i$. The coefficients $C_{ij}$ are
provided by the lowest-order chiral Lagrangian describing the interaction of the
decuplet of the $\Delta(1232)$ and the octet of the $\pi$~\cite{Kolomeitsev:2003kt,
Sarkar:2004jh} and have the following values
\begin{equation}
 C_{11}=-\frac{1}{f^2},\quad C_{12}=C_{21}=\frac{\sqrt{6}}{4 f^2},\quad C_{22}=-\frac{3}{4f^2}.
\end{equation}
In Ref.~\cite{Roca:2006sz}, $f=1.15f_\pi$ is used
with $f_\pi=93$ MeV, the pion decay constant. In the present work, we also use the same value.
The $K\Xi^*$ coupling to the $\bar{K}N$ and $\pi\Sigma$ channels through $d$ wave interactions
have been neglected since the $K\Xi^*$ threshold is far from the $\Lambda(1520)$ and, therefore, plays
a minor role in the description of this resonance.

The $\gamma_{ij}$'s are not determined by chiral dynamics and their values (together
with the subtraction constants appearing in the loop calculations, see below) are fitted
to the experimental results on the $\bar{K}N$ and $\pi\Sigma$ partial-wave amplitudes~\cite{Roca:2006sz}. The explicit values are given in
Table \ref{table:cpc1}.

Several unitarization procedures have been developed over the years to
unitarize the coupled channel amplitudes, including
the inverse amplitude method~\cite{Dobado:1996ps}, the N/D method~\cite{Oller:1998zr},
and the Bethe-Salpeter approach~\cite{Oller:1997ti}. They differ from
the inclusion of higher orders, a left cut, or tadpole and
crossed channels. These differences may be relevant at very low
energies but at higher energies they have been shown to be minute when resonances
are already dynamically generated using the lowest order interaction kernels.

In the present work, following Refs.~\cite{Sarkar:2005ap,Roca:2006sz}, we
unitarize the kernel $V$ of Eq.~(\ref{eq:treeV}) through the Bethe-Salpeter approach
to obtain the unitarized amplitude $T$:
\begin{equation}
 T=V+VGT=(1-VG)^{-1}V,
\end{equation}
where $G$ is a diagonal matrix of the loop functions of one-baryon and one-meson
\begin{eqnarray}
 G_j&=&i 2M_j\int\frac{d^4q}{(2\pi)^4}\frac{1}{(P-q)^2-M_j^2+i\epsilon}\frac{1}{q^2-m_j^2+i\epsilon}\nonumber\\
&=&\frac{2M_j}{16\pi^2}\Bigg\{a_j(\mu)+\log\frac{M_j^2}{\mu^2}
+\frac{s+m_j^2-M_j^2}{2s}\log\frac{m^2_j}{M_j^2}\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{1.0cm}\times\frac{q}{\sqrt{s}}\bigg[\log(s^{-+}_j s^{++}_j)-\log(s^{--}_j s^{+-}_j)\bigg]\Bigg\},
\end{eqnarray}
\begin{equation}
s^{\pm\pm}_j=s\pm(M_j^2-m_j^2)\pm 2 q\sqrt{s},
\end{equation}
where $\mu$ is the scale of the dimensional regularization (in the present work,
we use $\mu=700$ MeV), $s=P^2$ and $P$ is the total four momentum of the
meson-baryon system, which is $(\sqrt{s},0,0,0)$ in the rest frame of the meson-baryon system.
The subtraction constants are fitted to the  experimental results on the $\bar{K}N$ and $\pi\Sigma$ partial-wave
amplitudes together with the $\gamma_{ij}$'s as mentioned above to yield $a_s=-1.78\pm0.02$ and $a_d=-8.13\pm0.03$ for $\pi\Sigma^*
$ ($K\Xi^*$) and $\bar{K}N$ ($\pi\Sigma$) channels, respectively~\cite{Roca:2006sz}. It is worthwhile
mentioning that the $\pi\Sigma^*$ amplitudes are not included in the fit and, therefore, are
the predictions of the model.

The moduli squared of the U$\chi$PT amplitudes are shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:uchptA}, where
the importance of the $\pi\Sigma^*$ channel can be clearly seen. The ratio
of $\frac{|T_{\pi\Sigma^*}|^2}{|T_{\bar{K}N}|^2}$ at the peak position is $\sim2.7$.

The above scattering matrix $T$ obtained in the unitary framework is related to the
$t$ matrix with the Mandl-Shaw normalization in the following way
~\cite{Sarkar:2005ap,Roca:2006sz} (we only list those
needed later):
\begin{equation}
 t_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow\pi\Sigma^*}=T_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow\pi\Sigma^*},
\end{equation}
\begin{eqnarray}
 t_{\bar{K}N\rightarrow\pi\Sigma^*}&=&T_{\bar{K}N\rightarrow\pi\Sigma^*}C\left(\frac{1}{2}2\frac{3}{2};m,M-m\right)\nonumber\\
 &&\times Y_{2,m-M}(\hat{k})(-1)^{M-m}\sqrt{4\pi},
\end{eqnarray}
where $\hat{k}$ is the unit vector of the kaon momentum in the $\bar{K}N$ center of mass system.

\section{Reaction mechanisms of $J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}K^-p$ and $J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\includegraphics[scale=0.35,angle=270]{fig1.ps}
\caption{Moduli squared of the amplitudes
$T_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow\pi\Sigma^*}$ and $T_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow \bar{K}N}$.\label{fig:uchptA}}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{diagram1.eps}
\caption{The reaction mechanisms of $J/\psi\rightarrow \bar{\Lambda} K^- p$ and $J/\psi\rightarrow \bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$.\label{fig:diagram}}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure*}[htpb]
\includegraphics[scale=0.8]{diagram2.eps}
\caption{A schematic representation of the $\Lambda(1520)$ as dynamically
generated in the $\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow K^- p$ interaction.\label{fig:diagram2}}
\end{figure*}
The dynamical generation of the $\Lambda(1520)$ implies that
the reactions proceed in the following way:  the $J/\psi$ decays into $\bar{\Lambda}MB$; the rescattering
of the meson baryon, $MB$, pairs generates dynamically the $\Lambda(1520)$, which then decays into either $K^-p$ or $\pi\Sigma(1385)$. In the latter
case, the $\Sigma(1385)$ propagates and decays into  $\pi\Lambda$. Such
a process is illustrated in Fig.~\ref{fig:diagram}.

Since we are only interested in the
ratio of the corresponding invariant mass distributions of these two reaction around the $\Lambda(1520)$ peak position, the vertex of the $J/\psi$
decaying into $\bar{\Lambda}\Lambda(1520)$ is not relevant because it appears in both reactions and
cancels in the ratio. Thus, this removes the uncertainties of our study related to this unknown vertex.

For the $J/\psi\rightarrow \bar{\Lambda} K^- p$ reaction, since we will
integrate over the whole phase space of the $K^-p$ particles, the frame of reference is
irrelevant. There will always be  a frame of reference where the $\Lambda(1520)$ has
the polarization of $+3/2$. Hence we shall study the decay of the $\Lambda(1520)$ with $S_z=3/2$.
The amplitude of Fig.~\ref{fig:diagram}a contains the unknown $\bar{\Lambda} J/\Psi\Lambda(1520)$
vertex, the $\Lambda(1520)$ propagator and its coupling to $K^-p$. This amplitude is
proportional to $t_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow K^-p}$, which contains implicitly the
$\Lambda(1520)$ propagator (the $\Lambda(1520)$ appears as a pole of this amplitude) and the coupling of the resonance to $K^- p$, as depicted in Fig.~\ref{fig:diagram2}. Hence,

\begin{equation}
t_1\sim  t_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow K^- p}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}t_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow \bar{K}N},
\end{equation}
where $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ accounts for the projection of the isospin 0 state to the charged state.
In the above amplitude, we have neglected all the factors common to this reaction and the
$J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$ reaction. The modulus squared of the
amplitude is
\begin{eqnarray}
|t_1|^2&=&\frac{4\pi}{2}|T_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow\bar{K}N}|^2\times\nonumber\\
&&\sum_{m=\frac{1}{2},-\frac{1}{2}}C(\frac{1}{2}2 \frac{3}{2};m,\frac{3}{2}-m)^2 |Y_{2,m-\frac{3}{2}}(\vec{k})|^2 \nonumber\\
&=&\frac{3}{4}\sin^2(\theta) |T_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow\bar{K}N}|^2.
\end{eqnarray}
Since we will integrate later over phase space, we replace $\frac{3}{4}\sin^2(\theta)$ by
\begin{equation}
\frac{\int d\phi\int^1_{-1}d\cos(\theta)\frac{3}{4}\sin^2(\theta)}{\int d\phi\int^{1}_{-1}d\cos(\theta)}=\frac{1}{2}.
\end{equation}
Therefore, one can effectively substitute
\begin{equation}
|t_1|^2\rightarrow\frac{1}{2}|T_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow\bar{K}N}|^2.
\end{equation}

For the $J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$ reaction, the corresponding $t$ matrix element
reads
\begin{equation}
-it_2=
-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}T_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow\pi\Sigma^*}\frac{f_{\pi\Sigma^*\Lambda}}{m_\pi}S_j\left[\tilde{q}^+_j \Pi_{\Sigma^{*+}}+\tilde{q}^-_j \Pi_{\Sigma^{*-}}
\right],
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\Pi_{\Sigma^{*\pm}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{s'_{\Sigma^{*\pm}}}-M_{\Sigma^*}+\frac{i}{2}\Gamma(s'_{\Sigma^{*\pm}})},
\end{equation}
where the factor $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$ again accounts for the projection of
the isospin state to the physical state, $\vec{S}$ is the spin 1/2 to 3/2 transition operator, and $\tilde{q}^+$ ($\tilde{q}^-$) is the momentum of
$\pi^+$ ($\pi^-$) in the rest frame of $\Sigma^{*+}$ ($\Sigma^{*-}$). The coupling constant
$f_{\pi\Sigma^*\Lambda}=1.3$ is determined in Ref.~\cite{Sarkar:2005ap} to reproduce
the partial decay width of 32 MeV for $\Sigma^{*0}\rightarrow\pi^0\Lambda$. As in
Ref.~\cite{Roca:2006sz}, we have introduced an energy dependent width for the
$\Sigma^*$
\begin{eqnarray}
\Gamma(s')&=&\Gamma_0\bigg[0.88\frac{q^3(s',M_\Lambda^2,m^2_\pi)}{q^3(M_{\Sigma^*}^2,M_\Lambda^2,m^2_\pi)}
\Theta(\sqrt{s'}-M_\Lambda-m_\pi)\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{0.6cm}+0.12\frac{q^3(s',M_\Sigma^2,m^2_\pi)}{q^3(M_{\Sigma^*}^2,M_\Sigma^2,m^2_\pi)}
\Theta(\sqrt{s'}-M_\Sigma-m_\pi)\bigg],\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
where $\Gamma_0=37.1$ MeV~\cite{Yao:2006px}.

Since the width of this channel
does not depend on the third component of the $\Sigma^*$, we can average over the $\Sigma^*$ spin and sum over
the $\Lambda$ spin. Using the following relation
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\frac{1}{4}\sum_{M=-3/2}^{3/2}\sum_{m=-1/2}^{1/2}\langle m|S_i|M\rangle\langle M|S^\dagger_j|m\rangle\nonumber\\
&&=\frac{1}{4}\sum_m\langle m|\frac{2}{3}\delta_{ij}-\frac{i}{3}\epsilon_{ijk}\sigma_k|m\rangle
=\frac{1}{3}\delta_{ij},
\end{eqnarray}
one obtains
\begin{eqnarray}
|t_2|^2&=&\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{f_{\pi\Sigma^*\Lambda}}{m_\pi}\right)^2 |T_{\pi\Sigma^*\rightarrow\pi\Sigma^*}|^2\times\\
&&\bigg\{
\left|\Pi_{\Sigma^{*+}}\right|^2|\tilde{q}^+|^2
+\left|\Pi_{\Sigma^{*-}}\right|^2|\tilde{q}^-|^2\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{0.5cm}+2\tilde{q}^+\cdot\tilde{q}^-\mathrm{Re}
\left[\Pi_{\Sigma^{*+}}
\left(\Pi_{\Sigma^{*-}}\right)^*\right]\bigg\}.\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}

The total decay widths of these two reactions, with the amplitudes squared obtained above,
are
\begin{eqnarray}
\Gamma(J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}K^-p)&=&\frac{2M_{\bar{\Lambda}} M_p}{M_{J/\psi}}\frac{1}{(2\pi)^5}\times\\
&&\hspace{-2.8cm}\int \frac{ d^3q_{\bar{\Lambda}}}{2E_{\bar{\Lambda}}}\int\frac{d^3q_p}{2E_p}\int\frac{d^3q_K}{2\omega_K} |t_1|^2
\delta^{4}(q_{\bar{\Lambda}}+q_{K^-}+q_p),\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
\begin{eqnarray}
\Gamma(J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda)&=&\frac{2M_{\bar{\Lambda}} M_\Lambda}{M_{J/\psi}}\frac{1}{(2\pi)^8}\times\\
&&\hspace{-2cm}\int \frac{ d^3q_{\bar{\Lambda}}}{2E_{\bar{\Lambda}}}\int\frac{d^3q_\Lambda}{2E_\Lambda}
\int\frac{d^3q_{\pi^+}}{2\omega_{\pi^+}}\int\frac{d^3q_{\pi^-}}{2\omega_{\pi^-}} |t_2|^2\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.1cm}\times
\delta^4(q_{\bar{\Lambda}}+q_{\Lambda}+q_{\pi^+}+q_{\pi^-}),\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
where $M_{\bar{\Lambda}}$ ($E_{\bar{\Lambda}}$), $M_\Lambda$ ($E_\Lambda$),
and $M_p$ ($E_p$) are the masses (energies) of the $\bar{\Lambda}$, the $\Lambda$, and
the proton, while $\omega_K$, $\omega_{\pi^+}$ and $\omega_{\pi^-}$ are the energies
of the kaon, the $\pi^+$, and the $\pi^-$. The above integrals are calculated
with Monte-Carlo method and events within a given invariant mass interval
are collected to yield the corresponding invariant mass distributions, $d\Gamma/d M_I$.

\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[scale=0.35,angle=270]{fig2.ps}
\caption{The invariant mass distributions of the $J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}K^-p$ and
$J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$ reactions.\label{fig:ratio}}
\end{figure}

\section{Results and discussions}

We show in Fig.~\ref{fig:ratio} the invariant mass distributions for
the $J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}K^-p$ and $J/\psi\rightarrow \bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$
reactions, where the $\Lambda(1520)$ can be clearly seen. The ratio of the invariant mass distributions
at the peak position is
\begin{equation}
\frac{d\sigma/d M_I(J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}K^-p)}{d\sigma/d M_I(J/\psi\rightarrow \bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda)}\bigg|_{M_I\sim1520\,\mathrm{MeV}}\approx3.2.
\end{equation}
This translates into
\begin{equation}
\frac{d\sigma/d M_I(J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\bar{K}N)}{d\sigma/d M_I(J/\psi\rightarrow \bar{\Lambda}\pi\pi\Lambda)}\bigg|_{M_I\sim1520\,\mathrm{MeV}}\approx4.3.
\end{equation}

Since the $\Lambda(1520)$ is a rather narrow resonance with a width of 15.6 MeV, the above
ratio can be compared with the branching ratio of the $\Lambda(1520)$ decaying into
$\bar{K}N$ and $\pi\pi\Lambda$. Using the numbers given in the PDG~\cite{Yao:2006px}, $\sim45\%$ for $\bar{K}N$ and
$\sim10\%$ for $\pi\pi\Lambda$, we obtain $R\sim4.5$ and indeed it is quite close to our predicted number.
However, it should be noted that the PDG branching ratio for the $\Lambda(1520)$  decaying into
$\pi\pi\Lambda$ include various mechanisms, where the $\Lambda(1520)$ does not
necessarily decay first into $\pi\Sigma^*$ with
subsequent  $\Sigma^*$ decay into $\pi\Lambda$. In fact three experiments are quoted in
the PDG claiming
$\Gamma(\Sigma^*\pi\rightarrow\Lambda\pi\pi)/\Gamma(\Lambda\pi\pi)$ equal to
either $0.39\pm0.10$~\cite{Burkhardt:1971tb},  $0.82\pm0.10$~\cite{Mast:1973gb}, or $0.58\pm0.22$~\cite{Corden:1975},

In the formalism followed here we have created $\bar{\Lambda}\Lambda(1520)$.
However, we could as well produce $\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}(1520)$. In this latter case
the $\bar{\Lambda}$(1520) would decay into $K^+\bar{p}$, a channel we are not concerned about, but
also into $\pi\pi\bar{\Lambda}$ and we would finish having the same final state $\Lambda\pi\pi\bar{\Lambda}$
as in the case of $\bar{\Lambda}\Lambda(1520)$ production. Since these two reactions
have the same final state, their amplitudes would sum. Yet, it is easy to see that
this new mechanism has a negligible effect on the calculated $d\Gamma/dM_I$ around
the peak of the $\Lambda(1520)$. Indeed, $d\Gamma/dM_I(\pi\pi\Lambda)$ from
$J/\Psi\rightarrow\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}(1520)$ can be obtained from
$d\Gamma/dM_I(\pi\pi\bar{\Lambda})$ of the $J/\Psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\Lambda(1520)$
reaction. In Fig.~\ref{fig:lambdabar} we show these two invariant mass distributions and we see that the one coming from $J/\Psi\rightarrow\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}(1520)$ below the peak of the
$\Lambda(1520)$ is extremely small and cannot change the results already obtained. The
background below the peak of $d\Gamma/dM_I$ is of the order of $3\%$. Even if one had
a coherent sum of the amplitudes, the effect of this background would still be moderate.
However, since in $d\Gamma/dM_I$ for  a given $M_I$ there are contributions of different pion momenta
because of the four body phase space, and also there are contributions of different
spins, the two mechanisms are highly incoherent and thus, the background from $J/\Psi\rightarrow
\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}(1520)$ can be safely ignored in the analysis.
\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[scale=0.35,angle=270]{fig2a.ps}
\caption{The invariant mass distributions of the
$J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\Lambda(1520)\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\pi\pi\Lambda$ and
$J/\psi\rightarrow\Lambda\bar{\Lambda}(1520)\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\pi\pi\Lambda$ reactions.\label{fig:lambdabar}}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure*}[htpb]
\includegraphics[scale=0.35,angle=270]{fig3a.ps}
\includegraphics[scale=0.35,angle=270]{fig3b.ps}
\includegraphics[scale=0.35,angle=270]{fig3c.ps}
\includegraphics[scale=0.35,angle=270]{fig3d.ps}
\caption{The invariant mass distributions, $d\Gamma/dM_{\pi\Lambda}$, of the
$J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$ reaction at different $M_{\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda}$.
The curves have been normalized by their corresponding strength
(some of them shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:ratio})
in such a way
that the areas under the curves are unity. \label{fig:sigmastar}}
\end{figure*}

In the chiral unitary picture, all the $\pi\pi\Lambda$ events
are generated through $\pi\Sigma^*$,  which should be  easily distinguishable experimentally. At the $\Lambda(1520)$ peak, one cannot
reconstruct the $\Sigma^*$ shape since there is no phase space for its production; yet, as one can see in Fig.~(\ref{fig:sigmastar}a), there
is a large concentration of strength at the upper threshold of $M_{\pi\Lambda}$ close to
the $\Sigma^*$ mass. Note that the peak at lower $\pi\Lambda$ invariant masses should be attributed
to the wrong $\pi\Lambda$ couples. By this we mean that if one looks at the $\pi^+\Lambda$ invariant mass,
one can see in Fig.~\ref{fig:ratio} that one produces $\pi^+\Sigma^{*-}$ together with
$\pi^-\Sigma^{*+}$. Resonant $\pi^+\Lambda$ events come from the production of $\pi^-\Sigma^{*+}\rightarrow
\pi^-\pi^+\Lambda$, but when producing $\pi^+\Sigma^{*-}$, the $\pi^+\Lambda$ state is not resonant and it is what we call the ``wrong couple''. At higher $\pi\pi\Lambda$ invariant masses, however, the $\Sigma^*$ shape
shows up very clearly.

In Fig.~(\ref{fig:sigmastar}b,c,d), we show the invariant mass distribution, $d\Gamma/dM_{\pi\Lambda}$, for other values of
$M_{\pi\pi\Lambda}$. In all these cases the $\Sigma^*$ peak in $M_{\pi\Lambda}$ shows up clearly and stays
at the same position independent of the $\pi\pi\Lambda$ mass. On the other hand, the ``background'' created by the wrong couple moves to higher $\pi\Lambda$ invariant masses as the $\pi\pi\Lambda$ mass grows, hiding below the $\Sigma^*$ peak at $M_{\pi\pi\Lambda}=1.64$ GeV, and moving to higher $M_{\pi\Lambda}$ values above
the $\Sigma^*$ peak as $M_{\pi\pi\Lambda}$ increases further (not shown). The strength for the $J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}
\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$ reaction as a function of energy shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:ratio} in the vicinity of
the $\Lambda(1520)$ pole, together with the pattern of the $M_{\pi\Lambda}$ invariant masses shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:sigmastar}, are
predictions of the dynamics assumed into the mechanism of
Fig.~\ref{fig:diagram}b, implying that all
$\pi\pi\Lambda$ production proceeds via $\pi\Sigma^*$ production, as
the chiral unitary model provides. The pattern of the $\pi\Lambda$
mass distribution at 1.52 GeV shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:sigmastar} should be a good reference
for comparison with experiment. The predictions of the model at
$M_{\pi\Lambda}\geq 1.56$ GeV should be taken with more caution when comparing with experiment since this is a region where the background will not be negligible. Yet, the peak of the $\Sigma^*(1385)$
should be clearly seen.

The combined experimental study of these reactions and their mass distributions should definitely provide information to contrast the prediction of the chiral unitary approach as well as those of other
models, hence helping understand better the nature of the $\Lambda(1520)$.

Note that a similar
pattern of the $\pi\Lambda$ invariant masses as in Fig.~\ref{fig:sigmastar} was observed in the $K^-p\rightarrow \pi^0\pi^0\Lambda$
reaction~\cite{Prakhov:2004ri}. However, in that work the $K^-p$ total energy corresponds to values above
the $\Lambda(1520)$ mass and the data were not related to the properties of the
$\Lambda(1520)$. In Ref.~\cite{Roca:2006sz} it was noticed that data for
$K^-p\rightarrow\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$~\cite{Mast:1973gb} existed at the peak of the $\Lambda(1520)$, but not
at higher energies where the $\Sigma^*$ invariant mass could have been better reconstructed.
The work of  Ref.~\cite{Roca:2006sz} established the relationship between the two experiments,
linking them to the properties of the $\Lambda(1520)$.

\section{Summary}
We have studied the reactions $J/\psi\rightarrow\bar{\Lambda}K^-p$ and $J/\psi\rightarrow
\bar{\Lambda}\pi^+\pi^-\Lambda$, in particular, the ratio of their invariant mass distributions
at the $\Lambda(1520)$ peak, using
a unitary chiral approach. The unitary chiral approach contains chiral dynamics, which constrains
the $s$-wave interaction, and parameters that are fitted to reproduce the $d$-wave amplitudes. It provides
a suitable framework to study processes where the $\Lambda(1520)$ plays a relevant role. In this
work, we concentrated on the ratio of these two invariant mass distributions around the $\Lambda(1520)$
peak position, which enabled us to overcome the unknown couplings of the $J/\psi$ to the $\bar{\Lambda}MB$
system, which are needed for the production mechanism.  The obtained invariant mass distributions
show clearly the $\Lambda(1520)$ peak, and the ratio at the peak position is $\sim4$.

We also made predictions for the $\pi\Lambda$ mass distributions at different values of $M_{\pi\pi\Lambda}$,
close to the $\Lambda(1520)$ peak, which exhibit a peculiar pattern as a function of
$M_{\pi\pi\Lambda}$ and show clearly the $\Sigma^*$ peak.  We encourage the
BES collaboration to perform an analysis of these two reactions. It will be extremely helpful
to improve the present experimental situation regarding the
$\Lambda(1520)$ resonance, particularly its $\pi\pi\Lambda$ decay mode, and
to better understand the nature of the $\Lambda(1520)$ and its underlying chiral dynamics.

\section{Acknowledgments}
This work is partly
supported by FIS2006-03438, the National Natural Science Foundation
of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences under
project number KJCX3-SYW-N2, the
Generalitat Valenciana and the EU Integrated
Infrastructure Initiative Hadron Physics Project under contract
RII3-CT-2004-506078.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Q: How to convert a string to hash in perl without using regex or split I have a function i cannot control which returns a string which is acutally a hash. It looks something like below:
{"offset":0,"limit":500,"count":0,"virtual_machines":[]}

I need to check if the count is greater than 0. Because the output is a string and not a hash, i am trying to split the string and get the output from it.
The snippet for the same is below:
my $output = '{"offset":0,"limit":500,"count":0,"virtual_machines":[]}';
$output =~ s/ +/ /g;
my @words = split /[:,"\s\/]+/, $output;
print Dumper(@words);

The output for this is:
$VAR1 = '{';
$VAR2 = 'offset';
$VAR3 = '0';
$VAR4 = 'limit';
$VAR5 = '500';
$VAR6 = 'count';
$VAR7 = '0';
$VAR8 = 'virtual_machines';
$VAR9 = '[]}';

Now, i can get the value $VAR7 and get the count.
Is there a way to convert a string to hash and then use the keys to get the values instead of using regex and split. Can someone help me out here!

A: That string is in JSON format. I'd simply do
use strict;
use warnings;
use JSON::PP qw(decode_json);

my $output = '{"offset":0,"limit":500,"count":0,"virtual_machines":[]}';
my $data = decode_json $output;

print $data->{count}, "\n";

A: If all colons are just separators, then you can replace them with '=>'s and eval the string.
That's probably unrealistic, though. So you can use JSON ... looks like the string is in JSON format. Try the following (worked for me :-):
#!/usr/bin/perl

use JSON::Parse 'parse_json';

# the string is JSON
my $jstr = '{"offset":0,"limit":500,"count":0,"virtual_machines":[]}';

# oversimplified (not using json ... o.k. if no colons anywhere but as separators
my $sstr = $jstr;
$sstr =~ s/:/=>/g;
my $href = eval "$sstr";
printf("From oversimplified eval, limit == %d\n", $href->{limit});

# using JSON (looks like string is in JSON format).
# get JSON::Parse from CPAN (sudo cpan JSON::Parse)
my $jref = parse_json($jstr);
printf("From JSON::Parse, limit == %d\n", $jref->{limit});

1;

Output:
From oversimplified eval, limit == 500
From JSON::Parse, limit == 500


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HPI - 14 year old playing soccer and sustained twisting injury. Fell to the ground. Presented to me with swollen knee. Place in KI and MRI obtained. MRI shows significant lateral patellar subluxation with some tilt. Trochlear dysplasia (flat trochlea) Large medial facet chondral deficiency with loose fragment in suprapatellar pouch. Medial patellar facet fx. MPFL seems to be attached to medial fx fragment. I measured TTTG to be 19-20 I did not appreciate patella alta. What are your guys thoughts? Scope and see if cartilage piece can be fixated? Or let medial facet fx heal then go back and do tibial tubercle transfer with lateral release, medial plication / mpfl and denovo for chondral defect?
What would be your next step in treatment of this patient?
HPI - 25 yo laborer that was dancing at his bachelor party with first-time patella dislocation. evidence of large (approx 2cm)chondral loose body from medial facet with small amount of bone attached to small portion of loose body. TT-TG ratio is normal. In addition to MPFL repair/recon how would you treat the largely chondral fragment with small amounts of bony attachment. would your treatment include attempted fixation of segments with attached bone, debridement, OATS, microfracture? would you use bioscrews or acutrax metal screws for any attempted refixation?? deNovo is not available due to insurance restriction.
what would your treatment be for the largely chondral defect with small areas of bony attachment?
HPI - 27 yr F. Multiple knee instability episodes. Many patellar dislocations when teenager. Was a dancer. Has generalized ligamentous laxity. Had MPFL repair and lateral release 12 years ago. Did not do well after surgery. Main complaint is instablity. On exam very lax patella. + apprehension. 4 quadrant excursion. + lachman Failed conservative tx. On imaging: + patella alta Caton deshamps 1.3 Trochlear dysplasia Dejour type C + acl tear What to do now? Tibial tubercle tx with distalization and revision mpfl reconstruction When to reconstruct ACL? Do all one surgery or stage?


text:
'use strict';
var phantom = require('phantom');
var events = require('events');

var dfog = function(){

};
var p = dfog.prototype;
p.run = function(uri, cb){
    phantom.create(function (ph) {
        ph.createPage(function (page) {
            page.open(uri, function (status) {
                page.includeJs(__dirname + "/include.js", function () {
                    page.evaluate(function () {
                        var doc = document.documentElement.innerHTML;
                        doc = doc.substring(doc.indexOf("<body>") + 6);
                        return doc.substring(0, doc.indexOf("<script"));
                    }, function (result) {
                        cb(null, result);
                        ph.exit();
                    });
                });
            });
        });
    }, {dnodeOpts: {weak: false}});
};
module.exports = dfog;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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In 2011 we began a mission to uncover what was funny.
Seeing as we love our Shakespeare we started with The Comedy of Errors.
2012-2013 Stone Soup took the reading format to Glasgow to see if Scotland found funny differently.
The 4th year of The Comedy Project we return to the text of The Comedy of Errors. We are in search of actors around the globe that want to film a scene from The Comedy of Errors. You film it, you send it (comedy@stonesoupshakespeare.com), we will post it and we will see what gets the most laughs. You can do anything with the text, all we ask is that you keep your funny family friendly so we can include it in our finished edit. Your work will be credited with whatever names you send us (your names, your groups name, or who you are doing this for).
Each scene is below. Once you pick a scene, e-mail us and let us know. Once a scene is claimed it will go "off the market" so we can try and get every scene covered.


Welcome to the British Sewing Centre. Established in 1903 we are the largest independent dealer of Sewing Machines in the UK. We offer fast and free delivery on all orders over £30, with a 30 day trial included on new Sewing machine purchases. Need help? Our experienced team are available by phone and online chat 7 days a week from 9am to 10pm. Chat online or call 0800 065 4004.
Free UK delivery for all orders over £30.
If within 30 days you aren't absolutely delighted with your new machine, we will exchange it.


It's cold and we want to get somewhere cosy, preferably with a nice seasonal cocktail!
Because of the cold weather, we're turning to our favourite basement bars, because who doesn't love to escape down some stairs to a watering hole? These are our top 5 subterranean bars to turn to as hide-outs from winter.
Enjoy a tipple in this underground-themed bar that throws you into 1946 with a bang. This venue was once an air-raid shelter, so its wartime heritage is legit, and the immersive cocktail experience is memorable. Find Cahoots in Kingly Court, just off Carnaby Street, to escape busy Oxford Circus for a moment. Worth booking because it will be busy and you will want to hang around.
Located in the basement under The Breakfast Club in East London, this speakeasy-style bar is the perfect antidote to the busy streets above. Make your way through fridge doors to find the entirely inconspicuous but definitely worth hunting for watering hole, and escape for an excellent menu and a perfectly-executed Prohibition vibe.
A personal favourite for their fun twists on classics – a Corpse Reviver served in a mini graveyard is just one example – and the quirky decor, Cocktail Trading Company prides itself on its unique and exciting approach to mixology. Currently located in a basement just off Regent Street, they are soon to open in Smithfields, so spread the word.
With locations all around London, LCC is a great cocktail staple. Their extensive menu caters to all tastes and you will not struggle to find something to tickle your fancy. I always go for a Long Island Iced Tea, served in a pretty sizeable tankard (always a good sign). Adding to this is their Happy Hour which runs all night on a Tuesday, where 2 for £12 goes for all cocktails.
Tucked away under the cinema sign on Stoke Newington Road, Ruby's is another subterranean hit. The selective menu won't have you struggling for choice, as it features classics and seasonal cocktails for your drinking pleasure.


Abu Dhabi Airports's ground handling service provider DhabiJet has won the RA3 certification for cargo operations at Al Ain International Airport.
The 'EU Aviation Security Validated Regulated Agents' RA3 certification is a supply chain security initiative designed by the European Union.
With the issuance of the RA3 certification, EU-member states will recognise DhabiJet as a regulated agent, and confirm that it meets the security requirements for screening air cargo and mail entering the EU.
Ahmad Al Haddabi, chief operations officer at Abu Dhabi Airports, said the accreditation demonstrated a commitment towards delivering the highest level of aviation services by employing best practices.
"We have witnessed remarkable growth during the past few years and we strive to keep up this trend by expanding our footprint in the region to attract new customers and businesses, modernise our ground-handling fleet equipment and further enhance our customer service offering," he added.
According to the International Air Transport Association (Iata), the Middle East will lead global air cargo growth by 2018 with the UAE set to become the third-largest market worldwide.


This PhD colloquium continues the tradition of PhD workshops on e-voting that started in 2006 and took place in various locations in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Luxembourg . As this time it is part of the well-established EVOTE conference taking place in the renaissance castle Hofen in Bregenz in Vorarlberg, the western-most part of Austria, it is explicitly internationally oriented, and knowledge of German is therefore not necessary.
What makes this colloquium special, is that it is truly interdisciplinary, where PhD students from legal backgrounds are joined by PhD students with computer science and cryptography backgrounds and by social scientists.
– Master students in e-voting and related areas are welcome to participate. Proposals for presentations will be considered if possible.
Each interested participant should submit his/her research proposal (or alternatively ideas for papers, open problems, or other issues where feedback from colleagues would be helpful etc.) of some two pages length using the conference platform provided at https://www.easychair.org/conferences/?conf=evote2014phd. The PhD chairs will facilitate feedback which will be available ahead of the event in order to improve the submission before presentation.
The conference will be held in the beautiful Renaissance castle of Hofen at Lochau/Bregenz on the shores of Lake Constance in Austria.
Participation in the colloquium will cost 120 eur. If the colloquium is attended together with the conference a reduced fee of 90 eur applies. This fee includes lunch and drinks during the colloquium as well as participation in the EVOTE welcome reception in the evening of that day (see also www.e-voting.cc/2014 for more information).


Good news, kiddies! Time for another exclusive WBBY "Watergate profile"! Today's obituary - John Mitchell! John Mitchell, the former U.S. attorney-general, has in recent weeks been repeatedly linked with both the Watergate caper and its cover-up. It would be a disservice to Mr. Mitchell and his character to prejudge the man, but everything known to date could lead one to conclude he's guilty! That's guilty! Guilty, guilty, guilty!


text:
Homework Help?
My Word List
Previous Word soo woo
Next Word sorry not sorry
What does Sophie's choice mean?
Sophie's choice refers to an extremely difficult decision a person has to make. It describes a situation where no outcome is preferable over the other. This can be either because both outcomes are equally desirable or both are equally undesirable.
Where does Sophie's choice come from?
downtrend.com
Sophie's Choice is the title of a 1979 novel by William Styron, and in 1982 Sophie's Choice was made into a critically acclaimed film starring Meryl Streep. In the novel, which is set during World War II, the title character must choose between the lives of her two children while imprisoned in the Nazi concentration camp Auschwitz. She is given an impossible choice: pick one to live while the other is gassed, or else watch both die. For Sophie, there is no best option, and even not making a choice carries a heavy consequence. Either she chooses one of her children to die and lives with the guilt, or she watches both of them die while knowing she could have saved one's life. The title and situation it represents became an analogy for choices that are similarly difficult for the person making them.
Examples of Sophie's choice
"I have a real 'Sophie's Choice' on my hands now that both @WeGotFivePod & @bookversusmovie are up for @podernfamily Show Of The Week"
Jack&TomConquer @thedrunkendork Twitter (March 20, 2017)
"Lamenting the political version of a 'Sophie's choice' between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump for the U.S. presidency, Dennis Prager surveys related reasons for pessimism."
Craig Biddle, "Religion, a "Sophie's Choice," and an Easy Choice," The Objective Standard (May 7, 2016)
"For environmentalists, it's something of a 'Sophie's choice': Do we want clean, smog-free air at the local and regional level, or lower greenhouse gas emissions at the global level?"
Jason Mark, "WHY I'M SUING VW," Sierra Magazine (October 15, 2015)
Who uses Sophie's choice?
Since the publication of the book and the release of the film, this phrase has experienced broadening in meaning. It can now refer to any life-and-death decision with no good outcomes, as in the original novel. Additionally, it can be used in reference to any difficult choice, with outcomes that are both equally good or equally bad. It can also be used be in a joking, hyperbolic way to describe a relatively inconsequential situation. However, some people may consider a more lighthearted use of the phrase offensive.
Sophie's choice is sometimes confused with Hobson's choice. The original meaning of Hobson's choice can best be summarized as "take it or leave it." The choice is between taking one thing that is offered or nothing. It's not really a free choice, even though it appears to be. But if you are making a Sophie's choice, you actually do have two or more options, aside from the option of not choosing. It's just that neither one is better than the other. Confusion between the two, however, has resulted in an alternative definition for Hobson's choice that is more like Sophie's choice.
bye Felicia, national emergency, kittenfishing, firehosing, normie
This is not meant to be a formal definition of Sophie's choice like most terms we define on Dictionary.com, but is rather an informal word summary that hopefully touches upon the key aspects of the meaning and usage of Sophie's choice that will help our users expand their word mastery.
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Drainage problems are never good for business. They can cause you thousands of dollars in damaged walls, floors, carpeting, equipment or inventory. It can also lead to a loss of business, as you may be forced to temporarily close your building. We can help! We can help you install or fix a drainage system on nearly all building types, from vintage buildings to brand new builds.
Professional installation of trenches is crucial for your health and protection of the interior and exterior of your home. Clogged trench drain can saturate the ground and damage the foundation of your house. However, a professional trench drain installer such as MT Drains & Plumbing can provide a solution to a wet basement or clogged trench drain that has wreaked havoc at your home. Here are some of the benefits of professional trench drain installation.
Allowing water to flow into the basement through the foundation of your house can cause mildew and mold to build up inside your living room. That can ultimately result in numerous health issues such as respiratory problems and allergies. Nonetheless, a professional such as MT Drains & Plumbing can help in trench drain cleaning to prevent the flow of water into your home and keep the air inside your house safe.
Professional trench drain installation ensures drains are beneath the ground and are invisible and not obstructive. Trench drain cleaning can help keep your yard and home neat and keep water damage at bay.
Perhaps you have seen the warning signs such as sink water draining slower than usual or water pooling at your feet in the bathroom. Over time, the problem can escalate and get to a point you can't ignore it any longer, and you have to contact a professional plumber in unclogging and cleaning trench drain. While we are all humans, it's always wise to take precaution when unclogging and cleaning trench drain. Don't feel overwhelmed as numerous professional plumbing services are out there to help you in cleaning trench drain and get you back on track.
Unless you're a plumber, you have no idea how to unblock a clogged trench drain. While you might have watched a couple of videos related to trench drain cleaning on YouTube, professional services will end the problem permanently. Licensed plumbers are experienced in handling a broad spectrum of clogs and have every necessary tool to ensure your trench drains as it should.
You could be suffering from recurrent floods or water damages that trench drain can address. Proper trench drain installation and connection to a detention tank can alleviate your long-standing water clogging problem. Trench drain can be used in a broad spectrum of commercial and residential applications such as driveways, sidewalks, yard drain, and laneways.
In fact, homeowners can use trench drain to ensure water doesn't enter and damage garages after a torrential downpour. Moreover, you can use trench drain to stop the flow of water from the low lying sidewalks, driveways, and entrance doorways to the basement of your home. You can also use trench drains to address any water puddle problems that are caused by poor drain.
Besides these applications, drainage systems will increase the value of your property by keeping it cleaner and dryer. However, note that these systems need to be installed by a professional so that they don't wreak more devastation than they can solve.


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We are familiar with the challenges associated with migrating to a later version. We are aware of the need of keeping all data intact, and how important it is to ensure all functionality is migrated to the new version. We know how vital it is to keep tabls on all parts that may need new development, given that some previous functionality is not always compatible with, or supported in, newer versions.
Project. We take full responsibility for the project, from start to finish.
Dedicated team. You get your own team of EPi specialists. They work on-site or off-site, as per your preference.
Contact us today – so your new developers can get to work ASAP!


text:
Odisha minister's death: 'shocked, disturbed' says Pres Murmu
Aus Open: Djokovic beats Tsitsipas; wins 10th of the title
Pakistan slips into serious trouble as fuel prices go up
Indians protest against BBC in UK and US over controversial...
The path of Gandhiji or his assassins?
All arrow_drop_down
Republic: An era of hopes and aspirations
The Constitution is the answer
Extremism is the natural result of denial of justice
The America that cannot control internal terrorism
'Emergency rules' and media censorship
Homechevron_rightLifestylechevron_rightIndian Frida Kahlo...
date_range 14 July 2021 3:50 PM GMT
Indian Frida Kahlo Amrita Sher-Gil's work the second most expensive Indian art
Indian artist Amrita Sher-Gil's oil on canvas "In the Ladies' Enclosure" has become the second most expensive Indian work of art sold globally. The 1938 painting fetched Rs 37.8 crores at Saffronart's recent Summer Live Auction. Presently, the 1961 untitled work by VS Gaitonde is the most expensive Indian art sold globally. It sold for Rs 39.98 crores at a Saffronart sale earlier this year.
Sher-Gil's work, done a few years after her return to India, portrays a group of women engaged in different activities in a field. Painted at her family estate in Gorakhpur, it is also a rare piece by the artist from that particular time period to have emerged into the market.
"The record-breaking sale of Amrita Sher-Gil's seminal painting is a clear indication of her artistic merit and is a testament to her skill and talent. The work highlights her growth and development as an artist and is a culmination of years of coming into her own as an artist of repute," said Saffronart CEO and co-founder Dinesh Vazirani.
The sale achieved a total value of Rs 54.25 crores with NS Bendre's untitled painting from 1985 selling for 1.67 crores and FN Souza's untitled work from 1956 being sold for Rs 5.04 crores. The sale also featured Ganesh Pyne's 'The Window'' (1997), S H Raza''s untitled watercolour on paper from the 1940s, B Prabha''s Untitled (1959), and an untitled acrylic on paper by M F Husain.
TAGS:Amrita Sher-Gil Women artists Frida Kahlo


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Estádio Orlando Scarpelli - Figueirense Stadium Guide
Home » Brazil » Estádio Orlando Scarpelli
Estádio Orlando Scarpelli is 19,908 capacity stadium located in the Estreito neighbourhood of the popular coastal city of Florianópolis. Home to Figueirense Futebol Clube who invariably float between divisions, the 1961 built ground is one of the smallest in Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, and is surely ripe for expansion.
Figueirense Stadium Guide
Estádio Orlando Scarpelli History
Estádio Orlando Scarpelli is a 1961 constructed football stadium home to Brazilian football side Figueirense FC who are playing in Série A as of the 2015 season. The inaugural match was played against Atlético Catarinense who spoiled the party by beating the home side four goals to nil, with the record attendance of 31,098 set 39 years later when Brazil took on Chile in an international friendly.
Named after the local entrepreneur and sportsman who became chairman of Figueirense Futebol Cluube in the 1940s, Orlando Scarpelli donated the land in the Strait neighborhood which the stadium is located and is regarded as an icon of the club's history. The stadium retains its original shape to this day, although it has undergone several renovations over the years, most notably post-millennium.
In 1999 to prepare for the new decade Estadio Scarpelli's playing facilities were upgraded with new changing rooms added, new dugouts and revamped tunnel. For spectators the match day experience was targeted with the club electing to improve access to the stadium with new electronic turnstiles, more concourse areas to eat and drink, and improved restroom facilities.
In 2005 Orlando Scarpelli Stadium was converted to all seating with dark green plastic seats added around the ground to reflect the club's traditional secondary colour. Although this reduced the capacity to just under 20,000 the atmosphere hasn't suffered with the stadium awarded the title of "Brazil's Cauldron" one season after the numerous high attendances and passionate home support.
Stand Photos
Estádio Orlando Scarpelli is comprised of four stands: North, East, South and West.
Click the thumbnails above to enlarge an image of each stand and to read a more detailed description of each part of the Stadium.
How to get to Estádio Orlando Scarpelli
Where is Estádio Orlando Scarpelli?
Who plays at Estádio Orlando Scarpelli?
Brazilian side Figueirense play their home matches at Estádio Orlando Scarpelli.
What is the capacity of Estádio Orlando Scarpelli?
As of 2023 Estádio Orlando Scarpelli has an official seating capacity of 19,908 for Football matches.
When was Estádio Orlando Scarpelli opened?
Estádio Orlando Scarpelli officially opened in 1961 and is home to Figueirense
Covid Restrictions may be in place when you visit Estádio Orlando Scarpelli in 2023. Please visit the official website of Figueirense for full information on changes due to the Coronavirus.


April 22, 2002 – All I knew about Avery Island before this visit was that it was the home of the inventor of Tabasco Sauce. But after my father's funeral in New Orleans, my aunts told me about the natural beauty of the trails filled with massive mossy trees, Egret Island and wildlife galore, so we decided to treat ourselves to this tour before the rest of us returned to Austin.
Having a kitchen on-board was another great benefit since we were able to stop and enjoy a picnic lunch along the way. Things like this are another reason I love traveling in a motorhome!
My entire family are tree freaks and this place certainly didn't disappoint in that regard.
There were winding stone steps along the bayou and every now and then you see alligators lurking in the murky water.
The trees dripping with Spanish Moss were favorites of us all.
And Caitlin couldn't resist getting up close and personal with them whenever she could.
She wanted to climb every massive mossy tree she came across!
She would laugh at us when we told her to be careful – "I'm okay, y'all, don't worry so much!" It was this scene here that we reminded her about when she was freaking out about her own daughters climbing trees at Fairview-Riverside State Park in 2012!
Caitlin on bridge over murky waters as mom looks on – now worried about her falling into the alligator infested swamp. The most vicious beings here were the mosquitoes, though!
Watching the graceful egrets flying around was an extra bonus.
But we were able to get closer to them at Egret Island: E.A. McIlhenny founded this bird colony — later called Bird City — in 1892 after plume hunters had slaughtered egrets by the thousands to provide feathers for fashionable ladies' hats.
I don't remember what kind of camera I was using back in 2002, but even my photo editing skills today (2018) didn't help the blurry effect much. But having shared memories like this with my family are still very clear and precious.
My beautiful granddaughter, Caitlin, was 11 years old here. Lord, they grow up fast, so enjoy moments like these while you can!
They called themselves the Three Musketeers or the Golden Girls, but they sure had a lot of fun whenever they got together. From left to right, my Aunt Wilma, my Mom, my Aunt Loretta. As I was updating these pages in 2018, I was again struck with sadness that all three of these wonderful women have now passed on to greener pastures.
Caitlin took this picture of us and I wish I could remember what had Angelique so obviously tickled here, while nobody else but me seem amused. What memories I do have of this day are so sweet, though. Aunt Loretta was also my "Nanna" (Godmother to Cajuns) and the RV trips with my mom are some of my fondest memories. Here's my tribute to her with memories from those times.
From website: Experience the natural beauty and tranquility of Jungle Gardens – a 170-acre semitropical garden that stretches along Bayou Petite Anse on Avery Island. Naturalists, bird watchers and visitors from around the world will enjoy the gently rolling landscape, botanical treasures and abundant wildlife.
Don't forget to stop at the Tabasco Sauce Visitors Center for a little spice.


We are the fabulous fish!
This half term we are working on the theme 'The North Pole'. We will be looking at what it is like in The Artic and reading lots of books about Polar animals!
This half term our topic is called 'This is Me!'.
We have been learning about what we look like, who our friends and family are and who helps us.
Towards the half term holiday we explored the topic of 'Autumn'. We went on an Autumn walk and made a crumble with some of the apples that we collected. We themed many of the areas of our classroom to help us find out things for ourselves about Autumn and Harvest.
This half term we are learning about Plants and Mini-beasts.
Over the first few weeks we focussed on plants. We learnt about the story of Jack and the Beanstalk, planted our own beans and watched them grow. We even planted our very own magic beans and were surprised what they grew in to!
In the final few weeks of the term we will be learning about different mini-beasts and getting ready to release our butterflies!


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0.0.12
======

-  First release
-  get's the

   -  ``city``
   -  ``country``
   -  ``county``
   -  ``state`` for a particular ``pincode``

-  provides a CLI interface for now

0.1.0
=====

-  ``API`` included for interacting with the module
-  method to get the
    - ``latitude`` and ``longitude``
    - ``boundary`` for that area
   using ``Google API``
-  removed the CLI interface

0.1.3
=====

-  Removed the ``assets`` folder and moved it to the Modules `WIKI page <https://github.com/tasdikrahman/pyzipcode-cli/wiki/Countries-ISO-Codes>`__

0.1.4
=====

- Changed the name of the method ``get_data()`` to ``get()`` for readility.
- cleansed the ``json`` data being returned.


The definitive source of information on all topics related to investment valuation tools and techniques Valuation is at the heart of any investment decision, whether that decision is buy, sell or hold. But the pricing of many assets has become a more complex task in modern markets, especially after the recent financial crisis. In order to be successful at this endeavor, you must have a firm understanding of the proper valuation techniques. One valuation book stands out as withstanding the test of time among students of financial markets and investors, Aswath Damodaran's Investment Valuation . Now completely revised and updated to reflect changing market conditions, this third edition comprehensively introduces students and investment professionals to the range of valuation models available and how to chose the right model for any given asset valuation scenario. This edition includes valuation techniques for a whole host of real options, start-up firms, unconventional assets, distressed companies and private equity, and real estate. All examples have been updated and new material has been added. An expansion of ancillaries include updated online databases, spreadsheets, and other educational support tools Fully revised to incorporate valuation lessons learned from the last five years, from the market crisis and emerging markets to new types of equity investments Revised examples of company valuations such as companies from Eastern Europe and Africa, which stress the global nature of modern valuation Author Aswath Damodaran is regarded as one of the best educators and thinkers on the topic of investment valuation This indispensable guide is a must read for students wishing to gain a better understanding of investment valuation and its methods. With it, you can take the insights and advice of a recognized authority on the valuation process and immediately put them to work for you.


text:
John L. Notter (born 1935) is an international financier and developer who manages and has substantial interests in a wide variety of companies, including Westlake Properties, Inc., and Sailview Associates, Inc., of Westlake Village, California; and Clark Road Development, LLC and Sherwood Holdings LTD. of Sarasota, Florida.  In addition, Notter served as a member of the Board of Directors of Hilton Hotels Corporation and was the chairman of the Audit Committee.  He is currently the chairman of the Board of Directors for Ludwig Cancer Research, as well as a member of the Board of Directors for Conrad N. Hilton Foundation and chairman of its Finance and Investment Committee.

Early life
Born 1935 in Zurich, Switzerland, Notter immigrated with his family to the United States in 1941 at age 9 where he was raised on the East Coast.  After receiving an honorable discharge from the armed services, Notter went on to attend and graduate from Pasadena City College, then attended and graduated from California State University of Los Angeles.

Career
Notter spent 15 years as the operating head of the D.K. Ludwig Group, a large network of companies around the world with major interests in real estate, hotels, shipping, insurance, agriculture, and mining. He also served as chairman of American-Hawaiian Steamship Company, the developer of a major master-planned residential and commercial development north of Los Angeles in Westlake Village, California, which continues to serve as an example of master-planned communities throughout the country.

Additionally, Notter has served as chairman of the Board for Princess Hotels International, Inc., which developed, owned, and operated hotels in Acapulco, Southampton, Bermuda, Bahamas and the United States.  He concurrently served as president of Universe Tankships, Inc., and National Bulk Carriers, Inc., one of the world's largest providers of tankers and shipping services throughout the world.  Notter served on the Board of Directors of Financiere Credit Suisse First Boston in Zurich, Swiss American Corporation and Pepcom, a division of Suntory Industries of Japan, and York-Hanover, Ltd. in the U.S. and Canada.  Additionally, he was a member of the Advisory Board of Chemical Bank of New York, Columbia University, and is on the board of the Frank W. Jobe Foundation in Los Angeles.

Notter serves as chairman of the Board of Ludwig Cancer Research.

Awards
On May 7, 2010, Notter was presented the Celebration of Philanthropy award for his efforts to help people through his leadership with the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation
.

References

1935 births
American businesspeople
Living people


text:
Q: Remove all character after non ascii charater in all column I have a bash script which will remove all the Non Ascii character from the file. But i wanted to remove the string after the non Ascii character in all the columns. Below is the script,
> #!/bin/bash

SCRIPT_PATH=/trmout/TRMOUTPUT_PROD
BKP_PATH=/appinfprd/bi/infogix/Temp_Files/SUPPLY_CHAIN

File_Name=WB

########################################################################
##Deleting the precessed files ####
########################################################################

cd $BKP_PATH
rm *.*

#########################################################################
### removing the non ascii char from all Supply chain files #######
#########################################################################

for i in $SCRIPT_PATH/$File_Name*.txt
do

cp $i $BKP_PATH

##########################################################################
##Replacing the NON ASCII Char from Supply Chain files and saving it.####
##########################################################################
cat $i  >> $i.bkp

sed -i 's/[\d128-\d255]//g' $i.bkp

mv $i.bkp $i

done

#############################################################################################
##Creating a sample file which will be having the file name which has NON ASCII Char in it.##
#############################################################################################

cd $SCRIPT_PATH

grep -vlP '^[\0-\x7f]*$' WB*.txt >Supply_chain_Non_Ascii_List_File.txt
~
~

A: Do you mean you want to delete anything on the line after the first non-ascii character ? If not, please provides some examples.
If yes, your sed should be :
sed -i 's/[\d128-\d255].*$//' $i.bkp

This will replace the first non-ascii character AND the rest of the line with nothing.


text:
Q: Default error icon is not displayed for EditText setError I have a validation on the EditText in my Android app. The Error message pops up as expected but the default error icon is not displayed.

    if(users.getText().toString().isEmpty()){
        errorNum++;
        users.setError("Field can not be empty");
    } else {
        users.setError(null);
    }

I also tried with the custom icon, it doesn't work too.
users.setError("Field can not be empty",getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_error_outline_black_24dp));

How to get the default error icon for validation
LAYOUT file
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.dinesh.note.MainActivity">

<TableLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
    android:layout_alignParentStart="true">

    <TableRow
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView7"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:labelFor="@+id/users"
            android:text="@string/users"
android:textAppearance="@android:style/TextAppearance.Widget.TextView" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/users"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:ems="10"
            android:inputType="number"
             />
    </TableRow>

    <TableRow
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView4"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:labelFor="@+id/years"
            android:text="@string/years"

android:textAppearance="@android:style/TextAppearance.Widget.TextView" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/years"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:ems="10"
            android:inputType="number" />
    </TableRow>

    <TableRow
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView5"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:labelFor="@+id/percentage"
            android:text="@string/percentage"
            android:textAppearance="@android:style/TextAppearance.Widget.TextView" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/percentage"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:ems="10"
            android:inputType="numberDecimal" />
    </TableRow>

    <TableRow
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView6"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:labelFor="@+id/months"
            android:text="@string/months"
            android:textAppearance="@android:style/TextAppearance.Widget.TextView" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/months"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:ems="10"
            android:inputType="number" />
    </TableRow>
</TableLayout>

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/tamount"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
    android:layout_below="@+id/calculate"
    android:layout_marginTop="24dp"
    android:text="@string/tamount"
    android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Title" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/amount"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
    android:layout_below="@+id/tamount"
    android:layout_marginTop="24dp"
    android:text="@string/amount"
    android:textAlignment="center"
    android:textAppearance="@android:style/TextAppearance.DeviceDefault.Large"
    android:textSize="36sp"
    android:textColor="@color/colorAccent" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/calculate"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
    android:text="@string/calculate"
    android:textColor="@android:color/background_light"
    android:layout_marginTop="227dp"
    android:onClick="calculateBtn"
    android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
    android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

styles xml
<resources>
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
    <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
    <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
    <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
    <item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
</style>

</resources>

A: There are two ways-
Method 1
You can create your own class of EditText by overriding setError() method and usesetCompoundDrawables() method to display error icon.
public class CustomErrorEditText extends EditText {

    public CustomErrorEditText(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    @Override
    public void setError(CharSequence error, Drawable icon) {
        setCompoundDrawables(null, null, icon, null);
    }
}

Method 2
You need to set the bounds on the drawable before using it in setError.
Drawable drawable = getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_error_outline_black_24dp);
drawable.setBounds(0, 0, drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight());
users.setError("error", drawable);

A: I would seriously suggest you consider the modern approach to this kind of thing for one reason: with more users upgrading their devices, backwards compatible libraries from Google are already available to do this.
For instance, try : TextInputLayout which is available through the support library. If you have not added already, do this in your app-level build.gradle file.
compile 'com.android.support:design:25.0.0'

Then in your layout file:
<android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout
    android:id="@+id/quoteIdWrapper"
    android:layout_gravity="start"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:gravity="start"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/quoteId"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="18sp"
        android:lines="8"
        android:layout_gravity="start"
        android:gravity="top|start"
        android:minLines="5"
        android:maxLines="10"
        android:scrollbars="vertical"
        android:inputType="textCapSentences|textMultiLine"
        android:hint="@string/quote_text"/>

</android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout>

From your code, you can then get references to both items (TextInputLayout & EditText).
Next, validate the Edittext field and if something is invalid, set the following attributes to the TextInputLayout reference:
textInputLayout.setErrorEnabled(true);
textInputLayout.setError("Your error message");

This will automatically signal with the right color (red often) to the user making it easier to know that something is a miss.
I hope you get my idea. Good luck!!