text:
Determinants of Remittances
Evidence From tonga
Author: Ms. Huidan Huidan Lin
Author's E-Mail Address: HLin@imf.org
WP; remittance; Tonga; Tongan currency; remittances to household; determinants of remittance; remittances to non-profit organizations; remittances to Samoa
This paper analyzes the determinants of remittances to Tonga. The results indicate that macroeconomic conditions in remitting countries and exchange rate fluctuations influence remittances. In particular, remittances growth falls when the Tongan currency appreciates, but increases with higher real GDP growth and lower unemployment in remitting countries. The analysis also finds that the influence of these determinants varies with the recipients of remittances, with remittances to non-profit organizations being more sensitive to an appreciation of the Tongan currency and the interest rate differential between Tonga and remitting countries than remittances to households. However, the analysis does not find evidence of "Dutch Disease" in Tonga, as the real exchange rate does not appear to be affected by remittances.
Remittances are important to Tonga. Over the past decade, remittances as a share of GDP in Tonga have varied between 30 and 55 percent, with an average of around 45 percent, making Tonga the leading recipient of remittances relative to GDP among Pacific island countries (PICs) (Figure 1). Remittance flows to the Pacific region in the past decade primarily reflect the impact of increased migration due to low GDP growth and income levels in the destination countries.
Remittances as a Share of GDP
Citation: IMF Working Papers 2011, 018; 10.5089/9781455211975.001.A001
Remittances are the main source of foreign exchange inflows in Tonga, accounting for over 67 percent of imports—more than in other PICs—while exports account for only 31 percent. Remittances appear to be a much more reliable source of foreign exchange than exports (the coefficient of variation for remittances growth is 13 compared to a coefficient of variation of 22 for exports growth) (Figure 2). The smaller volatility of remittances growth has usually been explained by the strong altruistic relationships that Tongans living abroad maintain with their family in Tonga, as in many other PICs. Remittances originate mainly from the United States, New Zealand, and Australia (Figure 3), where Tongans primarily work in the construction or agricultural sectors.
Remittances and Exports
(growth in percent)
Share of Remittance Flows by Country of Origin
There are two major recipients of remittances in Tonga: households and nonprofit organizations (mostly churches). Remittances to households are primarily used for consumption rather than investment purposes, although in some cases, emigrants also help family members receive better healthcare and education. Remittances to churches, however, are mainly used for church construction and maintenance.
Against this background, this paper analyzes the determinants of remittances to Tonga and gauges whether remittance inflows have a significant impact on Tonga's real effective exchange rate. Macroeconomic conditions in remitting countries and exchange rate fluctuations are found to influence remittances. The paper utilizes a panel regression of the growth in remittances on changes in the real bilateral exchange rate, real GDP growth, and unemployment rate in remitting countries, and the interest rate differential between Tonga and remitting countries. The estimated parameters indicate that remittances growth falls with an appreciation of the Tongan currency, but increases with higher real GDP growth and lower unemployment rate in remitting countries. In addition, the estimated exchange rate impact indicates that Tongans abroad do not compensate for changes in exchange rates (and possible higher transaction costs).
The impact of these macroeconomic variables on remittances is found to vary with the recipients of those remittances, namely whether the recipients are households or nonprofit organizations. Remittances to nonprofit organizations are more sensitive to a real appreciation of the Tongan currency and the interest rate differential between Tonga and remitting countries than to real GDP growth or employment conditions in remitting countries.
With regard to the impact of remittances in exchange rates, the analysis does not find evidence of "Dutch Disease" in Tonga, as the real effective exchange rate does not respond significantly to the change in remittance flows. One possible reason for this is that remittances to Tonga are primarily used for consumption, most of which is imported with little impact on the demand for nontradable goods, and hence there is little pressure for the currency to appreciate in real terms.
The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. Section II reviews briefly the literature, Section III presents the empirical evidence, and Section IV concludes the paper.
II. Literature Review
A. Determinants of Remittances
The literature on the determinants of remittances generally finds altruistic and investment motives to remittances.2 When guided by altruistic motives, remittances aim to support recipients in their daily expenditure and/or compensate them for catastrophic events. In this case, remittances are negatively correlated with economic conditions (real GDP growth and employment) in the home country. The end use of remittances is primarily consumption. When guided by investment motives, remittances aim to take advantage of high returns or other opportunities for profits in the home country. In this case, remittances are positively related to economic conditions and investment opportunities in the home country (as indicated by real GDP growth and real interest rate differential between the home country and the remitting country).
At the same time, remittances likely depend on expatriates' income and bilateral exchange rates between the home and remitting country. As a proxy for income, real GDP growth and unemployment rates will be used. Real GDP growth is expected to be positively related with remittance growth and unemployment is expected to be negatively correlated with remittances growth. Changes in income of expatriates would affect the remittances through their own consumption smoothing needs. The impact of the exchange rate is less of a clear cut since expatriates could decide to send a fixed amount of money in the currency of the country they live in (for example, US$100 per month), or in the Tongan currency, compensating for the effects of exchange rate changes.
The variables mentioned above have been found to be important determinants of remittances in empirical studies. Chami, Fullenkamp, and Jahjah (2005) estimate a panel regression that relates the remittances-to-GDP ratio to the income and interest rate differentials between the home country and the Untied States. The results show that the income gap has a negative and significant effect on remittances, whereas the real interest rate differential has a positive but insignificant effect. Browne and Mineshima (2007) find that remittances to the Pacific region depend on the rate of real GDP growth in remitting countries, the distance to remitting countries, and whether the home and remitting country share a common language. Browne and Mineshima also find close links between remittances and the aggregate stock of migrants, the concentration of foreign trade with a small number of regional partners, and shared historical and social factors associated with past colonial relationships. Chamon, Semblat, and Morant (2005) find that remittances to Samoa are influenced by growth in remitting countries and in Samoa and changes in the exchange rate. A depreciation of the Samoan currency is associated with an increase in remittance flows in the Samoan currency. Growth in remitting countries has a strong positive and statistically significant effect on remittances to Samoa, while growth in Samoa has a negative and statistically significant effect on remittances.
B. Impact of Remittances on the Real Effective Exchange Rate
Remittances can affect long-term growth through several channels, one of which is the exchange rate. Changes in the real effective exchange rate affect the distributional impact of remittance inflows, both by altering the returns to factors employed in the traded and nontraded goods sectors and by affecting the relative price of traded and nontraded consumption goods. The empirical evidence on the effect of remittances on exchange rates is, however, mixed.
Bourdet and Falck (2003) find that remittance inflows into Cape Verde during 1980–2000 were are associated with an appreciation of the equilibrium real exchange rate. Hyder and Mahboob (2005), Saadi-Sedik and Petri (2006) find similar results for Pakistan and Jordan. Amuedo-Dorantes and Pozo (2004) also find that remittances inflows lead to an appreciation of the real exchange rate. Holzner (2006) finds similar results using a worldwide sample. However, Rajan and Subramanian (2005) find that remittance inflows are not associated with slower growth in manufacturing industries with higher labor intensity or greater export orientation, suggesting that remittance inflows do not result in "Dutch disease".
III. Empirical Analysis
A. Data Description and Model Specification
The data for remittances in this paper cover remittances to Tonga for the period 1994Q1–2009Q1, from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. The data set represent an improvement over many existing cross-country studies in three important dimensions. First, a common practice in the literature has been to sum the three components of the balance of payments when compiling statistics on remittances: workers' remittances, employee compensation, and migrants' transfer,3 even though migrants' transfers and employee compensation statistics are not conceptually representative of remittance behavior (Chami, et al., 2008). The remittances series used in this paper are provided by the Tongan authorities and represent workers' remittances only. Second, the remittances are available by country of origin, which enables us to control for remitting country fixed effects. Third, the remittances are also available by types of recipients: households and nonprofit organizations (mostly churches). For households, remittances typically finance consumption, while nonprofit organizations such as churches usually use the remittances for church construction and maintenance. Failing to distinguish remittances by end use may significantly affect the estimates of the determinants of remittances.
Figure 4 plots the relationship between remittances growth and GDP growth in remitting countries (left panel) and that between remittances growth and changes in the real exchange rate against remitting countries (right panel). It shows, as expected, a positive correlation between remittances growth and GDP growth in remitting countries. Remittances growth seems negatively related to an appreciation of the Tongan currency. Figure 5 plots the relationship between remittances growth, GDP growth in Tonga, and the change in the real effective exchange rate. The figure shows a clear negative relationship between remittances growth and GDP growth in Tonga, and between remittances growth and changes in real effective exchange rate. Most of the relationships observed here will be tested in the regressions with other control variables.
Remittances, Bilateral Real Exchange Rate, and Growth in Remitting Countries
Remittances, Growth, and Real Effective Exchange Rate in Tonga
We first study the determinants of remittances from Australia, New Zealand, and the United States in a panel setting with a fixed-effect specification to control for unobserved time-invariant characteristics of remitting countries. We estimate the determinants of remittances using GMM in a dynamic panel data (with lagged dependent variable), using the following specification.
dln(remittances)i,t=αi+β1*dln(remittances)i,t−1+β2*appreciationi,t+β3*growthi,t−1+β4*unemploymenti,t−1+β5*(interestTON,t−1−interesti,t−1)+εi,t(1)
The dependent variable is the growth of remittances from country i in quarter t. appreciationit is the one-period change in the real exchange rate between country i and Tonga in quarter t (an increase in the value denotes an appreciation of the Tongan currency). To address the potential endogeneity concerns, we use as instruments the lagged real GDP growth of remitting countries, lagged unemployment rate in remitting countries, and lagged interest rate differentials between Tonga and remitting countries (see Table 1 for variable definitions and Table 2 for summary statistics).
Definition and Source of the Variables
Remittances In T$. Source: Tongan authorities.
Real exchange rate Bilateral real exchange rate, foreign currency per Pa'anga. Source: International Financial Statistics, IMF.
Real effective exchange rate Source: International Financial Statistics, IMF.
GDP growth Growth of gross domestic product in local currency, constant price. Source: World Economic Outlook, IMF, October 2009.
Unemployment rate Source: World Economic Outlook, IMF, October 2009.
Interest rate Three-month treasury bills for Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. Three-month lending rates for Tonga. Sources: RBA Statistical Bulletin, RBNZ Interest Rates Table B2, Federal Reserve table H15, and International Financial Statistics, IMF.
Inflation rate CPI inflation. Sources: Tongan authorities and International Financial Statistics, IMF.
Terms of trade Exports price index/Imports price index. Source: Tongan authorities.
Trade openness Exports and imports of goods and services divided by GDP in current price. Sources: Tongan authorities and World Economic Outlook, IMF, October 2009.
Financial openness Foreign assets and foreign liabilities divided by GDP in current price. Sources: International Financial Statistics and World Economic Outlook, IMF, October 2009.
M2/GDP M2 divided by GDP in current price. Sources: International Financial Statistics and World Economic Outlook, IMF, October 2009.
Summary Statistics: 1994Q1–2009Q1
Std. Dev.
Growth in Total Remittances 60 0.02 0.03 0.20 -0.47 0.45
Growth in Total Remittances to Households 60 0.03 0.06 0.18 -0.40 0.38
Growth in Total Remittances to Non-profit Organizations 60 0.00 0.05 0.46 -1.58 0.83
Appreciation in REER 60 0.00 0.00 0.02 -0.07 0.05
3-month Interest Rate (in percent) 61 11.36 11.35 0.63 9.03 12.65
Inflation (in percent) 61 1.46 1.56 1.47 -2.58 4.51
Terms of Trade 60 92.69 81.47 39.97 38.66 172.86
Financial Openness 44 0.29 0.23 0.12 0.13 0.56
Trade Openness 61 0.80 0.79 0.13 0.58 1.20
M2/GDP 44 0.53 0.51 0.11 0.35 0.77
Growth in Remittances to Tonga 60 0.00 -0.01 0.27 -0.74 0.60
Growth in Remittances to Households 60 0.01 0.04 0.26 -0.81 0.75
Growth in Remittances to Non-profit Organizations 60 -0.03 0.08 0.81 -2.28 1.96
Real appreciation of pa'anga agains AUS$ 60 0.00 0.00 0.03 -0.08 0.19
GDP Growth (in percent) 61 0.86 0.84 0.59 -0.93 2.62
Unemployment Rate (in percent) 61 6.51 6.37 1.56 4.03 10.13
3-month Interest Rate (in percent) 61 5.78 5.61 1.07 3.20 8.19
Financial Openness 61 6.93 7.11 1.55 4.59 10.24
Growth in Remittances to Households 60 0.02 -0.01 0.27 -1.05 0.59
Real appreciation of pa'anga agains NZ$ 60 0.00 0.00 0.03 -0.07 0.10
Unemployment Rate (in percent) 61 5.59 5.38 1.49 3.57 8.97
Growth in Remittances to Tonga 60 0.02 0.05 0.23 -0.59 0.54
Growth in Remittances to Non-profit Organizations 60 0.01 0.12 0.63 -1.08 1.64
Real appreciation of pa'anga agains US$ 60 0.00 0.00 0.03 -0.09 0.09
We then study the effects of remittances on the real effective exchange rate by estimating the following standard model of exchange rate.
dREERt=α+β1*dREERt−1+β2*dln(remittances)t+β3*TOTt+β4*financial openness differentialt−1+β5*trade openness differentialt−1+β6*M2/GDP differentialt−1+εt(2)
where the dependent variable is the one-period change in the real effective exchange rate in quarter t (an increase in the value of which denotes an appreciation of the Tongan currency). The right-hand-side variables include the terms of trade, financial openness, trade openness, and the M2/GDP differential between Tonga and remitting countries. Equation (2) helps to test whether stronger remittance inflows lead to a real appreciation in the effective exchange rate. Since the bilateral real exchange rate between remitting countries and Tonga could potentially affect growth in remittances and potentially cause endogeneity bias problems, we use as instruments the lagged growth in total remittances, the lagged real GDP growth rate and unemployment rate of remitting countries, and the lagged real interest rate differential between Tonga and remitting countries (the latter three are all weighted by average shares of total remittances over 1994Q1–2009Q1).
B. Empirical Results
This section presents estimates of the parameters in equations (1) and (2). Table 3 reports estimates of equation (1). The results are broadly consistent with those of other empirical studies. The results show that the remittances growth falls with an appreciation of real bilateral exchange rate between the remitting country and Tonga. A 1-percentage-point real appreciation in the Tongan currency against remitting country's currency is associated with a 2-percentage-point decrease in remittances growth. It suggests that Tongans abroad do not compensate for changes in exchange rates (and possible higher transaction costs).
Regressions for Determinants of Remittance Flows 1/
1/ *, **, *** denote P-value less than 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01, respectively. Standard Errors are shown in parenthesis.
2/ An increase in the real exchange rate denotes a real appreciation of Pa'anga.
Dependent Variable:
First-difference ln(remittances)
(first lag) -0.324***
(0.036) -0.298***
One-period increase in real exchange rate
(foreign currency per Pa'anga) 2/ -1.736***
Real GDP growth in remitting
country (in percent) (first lag) 0.044***
(0.008) 0.036***
(0.01) 0.005
Unemployment rate in remitting
country (in percent) (first lag) -0.012***
(0.005) -0.005
(0.01) -0.002
Interest rate differential between
Tonga and remitting country (in percent) (first lag) 0.021***
Remitting country dummies included Yes Yes Yes
Number of observations 174 174 174
Hansen's J statistic p-value 0.6576 0.6156 0.7174
The results also indicate that remittances growth increases with remitting countries' real GDP growth and decreases with the unemployment rate in remitting countries.
A 1-percentage-point increase in real GDP growth in remitting countries is associated with a 4-percentage-points increase in remittances growth. Real GDP growth captures the potential capacity of expatriates for sending money back to Tonga. Stronger growth in remitting countries can also be expected to boost the demand for migrant workers, further improving the prospects for remittances.
A 1-percentage-point increase in the unemployment rate in remitting countries is associated with a 1-percentage-point decrease in remittances growth.
Remittances growth increases with the interest rate differentials between Tonga and remitting countries. A 1-percentage-point increase in the interest rate differential is associated with a 2-percentage-point increase in remittances growth. This result could indicate that remittances help compensate for higher financing costs in Tonga (which effectively weakens the transmission mechanism of monetary policy) but could also indicate some sensitivity to investment opportunities documented in some other research (e.g., Almekinders, Maslova, and Abenoja (2009)).
Columns (2) and (3) show the regression results for remittances to households and to nonprofit organizations. Compared to remittances to households, remittances to non-profit organizations are more sensitive to an appreciation of the Tongan currency and to the interest rate differential between Tonga and remitting countries.
A 1-percentage-point appreciation of the Tongan currency leads to a 1-percentage-point decrease in the growth of remittances to households compared to a 5 percentage-point decline in the growth of remittances to nonprofitable organizations.
A 1-percentage-point increase in the interest rate differential implies a 1-percentage-point increase in the growth of remittances to households compared to a 6 percentage-point increase in the growth of remittances to nonprofit organizations.
However, real GDP growth in remitting countries does not have a statistically significant impact on the growth of remittances to nonprofit organizations, while it has positive and statistically significant effect on the growth of remittances to households.
The unemployment rate in remitting countries has not been found to have a significant impact on either the growth of remittances to households or that to nonprofit organizations, once real GDP growth is controlled for, in contrast to the result for total remittances.
Table 4 reports the estimates of equation (2). In the context of this specification, remittance flows are not found to have a significant impact on the change in real effective exchange rate. This is consistent with the fact that remittances to Tonga are primarily used to finance consumption goods, most of which are imported and hence would less likely affect the demand for nontradable goods relative to tradable goods. Therefore, the real effective exchange rate is less likely to be affected. The table also shows that the results are robust to different weights assigned to the three major remitting countries. Column (2) uses shares of remittances as weight, while columns (3) uses share of PPP GDP of remitting countries as weight. Differentiating remittances to households from those to nonprofit organizations yields similar results (not tabulated).
Regressions for Economic Impacts of Remittance Flows 1/
2/ An increase in the real effective exchange rate denotes a real appreciation of Pa'anga.
3/ Columns (2) uses share of remittances as weight; columns (3) uses share of PPP GDP of remitting countries as weight.
One-period increase in real effective exchange rate 2/
(2) 3/
One-period increase in real effective exchange rate
(first lag) 0.199
(0.136) 0.250
First-difference ln(total remittances) -0.012
Change in terms of trade 0.008
Weighted M2/GDP differential between
Tonga and remitting countries (first lag) 0.000
Weighted financial openness differential between
Tonga and remitting countries (first lag) -0.002
Weighted trade openness differential between
Constant 0.002
Number of observations 58 34 34
IV. Conclusion
This paper analyzes the determinants of remittances to Tonga and gauges whether remittance inflows have a significant impact on the Tongan real effective exchange rate. The results indicate that macroeconomic conditions in remitting countries and exchange rate fluctuations influence remittances. Remittances growth falls with an appreciating currency of Tonga, but increases with higher real GDP growth and lower unemployment rate in remitting countries.
With regard to the impact of remittances in exchange rates, the analysis does not find evidence of "Dutch Disease" in Tonga. The real effective exchange rate does not respond significantly to the change in remittance flows. One possible reason for this is that remittances to Tonga are primarily used for consumption, most of which is imported with little impact on the demand for nontradable goods, and hence not much pressure for the currency to appreciate.
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I wish to thank Papa N'Diaye and Nathan Porter for very insightful comments and the National Reserve Bank of Tonga for providing the remittances data.
See for example Johnson and Whitelaw (1974) and Lucas and Stark (1985).
See for example, Global Economic Prospects (World Bank, 2005), the World Economic Outlook (IMF, 2005), Aggarwal, Demirguc-Kunt, and Martinez Peria (2006), and Giuliano and Ruiz-Arranz (2005).
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Migration and Remittances in Latin America and the Caribbean: Engines of Growth and Macroeconomic Stabilizers?
International Remittances, Migration, and Primary Commodities in FSGM
Rainfall, Financial Development, and Remittances: Evidence From Sub-Saharan Africa
Determinants of Corporate Investment in China: Evidence From Cross-Country Firm Level Data
Remittances Channel and Fiscal Impact in the Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia
Deposit Insurance, Remittances, and Dollarization: Survey-Based Evidence from a Top Remittance-Receiving Country
The Determinants of Banking Crises: Evidence From Developing and Developed Countries
Empirical Determinants of Household Saving: Evidence From OECD Countries
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VII An Empirical Investigation of the Macroeconomic Effects of Remittances
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What Determines Workers' Remittances?
III Remittances: Stylized Facts
Tonga: Recent Economic Developments
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6 Tonga
Appendix 10. Tonga
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Macroeconomic Determinants of Remittances and Growth in the Dominican Republic
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The Changing Pattern of Remittances: 2008 Survey of Remittances from the United States to Latin America
Determinants of Remittances: Recent Evidence Using Data On Internal Migrants in Vietnam
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Remittances and Banking Sector Breadth and Depth: Evidence From Mexico
The determinants of banking crises: evidence from industrial and developing countries
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From Evidence to Policy Supporting Nepal's Trade Integration Strategy: Trade Imbalances and Remittances
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The Demographic, Economic and Financial Determinants of International Remittances in Developing Countries
Determinants of Remittances: Evidence From tonga


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As President of Innova, Ken leads our team focused on finding, funding and growing startup technology businesses in Tennessee and helps them achieve commercial success. Using his extensive operations and sales background, he provides strategic guidance to portfolio companies both in times of need, as well as times of opportunity. Ken currently serves on the boards for Cagenix, S2 Interactive, Tensor Surgical, ACT, and BioNova Medical. He was a Director for ExtraOrtho when it was acquired by Zimmer Orthopedics.
Before founding Innova Memphis, Ken was Senior Vice-President for Global Sales with Smith&Nephew Orthopedics. Prior to this role, he served as Vice President of Sales for DePuy Spine, a J&J Company. He worked for GE for more than 16 years, serving as a VP and General Manager in Healthcare and Capital businesses. Ken has enjoyed great success as an Army Officer, an entrepreneur and a Fortune 500 Executive. He has successfully owned and operated his own businesses and managed multi-billion dollar global enterprises.
He serves on the Entrepreneur Advisory Council at Vanderbilt University's Center for Technology Transfer and Commercialization, and as a Board Member at Tech 20/20. Ken is also part of the Advisory Panel of the Boyd Venture Challenge at UT Knoxville.
Ken received his BS as a pre-med student from North Carolina State University.
Jan Bouten – Partner
Jan joined Innova in 2010 after working with the Innova team in an advisory capacity. He is currently active on several Boards, inlcuding DEVCON, Glanris, Preteckt, SOMAVAC, SweetBio, and Swinetech. At his prior firm he was board member or observer at Digitalsmiths (acquired by TiVo), Mobile-Mind (acquired by: WorldCell), Resolute Games (acquired by Lokion), Nextreme Thermal (acquired by Laird Technologies) and Covelight (acquired by Radware).
His professional experience includes founder and executive of two startups, 10+ years of high tech industry experience in engineering, marketing and sales, and more than 15 years as a seed and early-stage VC. This solid, diversified experience base allows him to provide advice and mentoring to companies and entrepreneurs.
Prior to Innova, Jan spent 7 years at Aurora Funds, a $235MM seed- and early-stage venture capital firm based in Research Triangle Park, NC. Here, he was involved in negotiating, structuring and monitoring 11 investments, and was involved in 3 IPOs and 3 acquisitions in the healthcare and technology fields.
Bouten serves on the board of the FedEx Institute of Technology. He is a recognized expert in the field as a Wall Street Journal Startup Guru, as well as Master Mentor for LaunchTennessee.
Jan received his MBA from Duke University, and also holds a MS degree in Human-Computer Systems (AI & UX) from the United Kingdom, and a BS in Computer Science from The Netherlands.
Dean Didato – Partner
Dean has consulted with Innova since 2009 on several due diligence projects focused on qualifying new technologies, patents, competition, and market acceptance. Having spent the last eight years as an international executive in the specialty chemical and bioengineering segment focused on food safety fields, Didato has extensive expertise in pathogen intervention mechanisms as they relate to food processing and consumer health.
He has worked with AgBio startups such as BioDimensions, Infinite Enzymes, BioNanovations, and most recently Secure Food Solutions, where he remains a Board Member. This experience gave him a wide span of knowledge ranging from remediation of bacterial spec and spot on crops, to enzyme manufacturing through genetically modified maize, to rapid aflatoxin detection using hyperspectral imaging. Didato has assisted startups orchestrate strategic plans to accelerate revenue growth, dramatically improving value propositions that have resulted in acquisitions, strategic alliances, or licensing opportunities.
Immediately prior to joining Innova, Dean was a Strategic Accounts Manager for The Vincit Group, one of the country's largest vertically integrated food safety and solutions. During his 35+ years of professional experience he has held executive positions at Synergy Technologies, OmniLytics and Buckman Laboratories.
He was recognized by the Wall Street Journal and was featured in "Virtual Teams: People Working Across Boundaries with Technology " by Jessica Lipnack.
Dean received a BS in Biology-Management from Marietta College. He also completed several post graduate management programs, including The Leadership Development Program at the Centers for Creative Leadership, and the Program on Negotiation at Harvard University.
Brandon Wellford – Chief Financial Officer
In September 2004, Brandon Wellford became the Chief Financial Officer of the Memphis Bioworks Foundation and is responsible for the financial and real estate functions for the Foundation and several related organizations: the Memphis Academy of Science and Engineering, Innova Memphis, Memphis Specialized Laboratory, TriMetis Life Sciences, TMA Development Corporation, MidSouth Sustainable Energy Solutions, Vaxent, MidSouth eHealth Alliance and Tennessee Charter Schools Association. He is a Board Member of Vaxent, LLC and CirQuest Labs, and is on the Investment Committee for Innova Memphis. In October 2013, he was selected as the CFO of the Year for Nonprofits with less than $30 million in revenue by the Memphis Business Journal.
Since 2004, Mr. Wellford managed the demolition of a 1.3 million square foot vacant hospital facility, master planning activities, implementation of a utility master plan, and design of initial facilities for the UT- Baptist Research Park. He has led the renovation of approximately 35,000 square feet of incubator space and closely works with several start up companies operating in the Foundation's buildings. Brandon is responsible for the Foundation's incubator business support and technology initiatives. In 2011, he secured financing for the Memphis Specialized Laboratory which opened for business in 2013. He directs the New Market Tax Credit program for the Foundation that has deployed $30 million of tax credits to date, and assists with grant compliance which has aggregated to about $116 million including nearly $100 million in Federal, State and local grants.
Prior to this position, Mr. Wellford worked for 15 years for a real estate development firm located in the Washington, D.C. area and managed the development, leasing and sale of investment grade commercial and warehouse projects, multifamily property management, property liquidations and financial management. He has also worked in real estate accounting for a large regional bank and in the Residential, Planning and Internal Audit Departments for a New York Stock Exchange listed company which developed real estate throughout the United States. Mr. Wellford is a Certified Public Accountant and holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration degree from the University of Tennessee at Martin. He was born in Memphis and was raised on a farm in Cordova.
Nate Smith – Associate
As Associate at Innova, Nate gets the first look at all new deals Innova reviews. He researches the idea or technology, analyzes the business model and commercial potential, and works to determine if it fits within the Innova investment strategy. Nate also manages the documentation and reporting required under the Tennessee Small Business Investment Company Credit Act ("TNInvestco") for Innova and works to ensure that Innova remains compliant with all aspects of TNInvestco.
Nate graduated with honors from University of Michigan.
William Evans, Pharm.D. – Board member
Dr. Evans joined St. Jude Children's Research Hospital as a student in 1972, chaired the Pharmaceutical Sciences Department from 1986-2002, served as Scientific Director & EVP from 2002-2004, and as President and CEO of SJCRH from 2004-2014. He was the inaugural holder of the Donald Pinkel Chair of Childhood Cancer Treatment at St. Jude and previously held the First Tennessee Bank Chair of Pediatrics and Pharmacy at the University of Tennessee Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy.
Evans received his BSc and Pharm.D. degrees from the University of Tennessee Center for the Health Sciences (1974, 1975). He has received honorary doctoral degrees from Rhodes College, the Ohio State University, the University of Florida, and the Medical University of South Carolina.
For the past 38 years, his research has focused on the pharmacogenomics of anticancer agents in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, for which he has received three consecutive NIH MERIT Awards from NCI. Dr. Evans has authored over 350 articles and numerous book chapters. He has received several national awards for his research, including the 2009 Pediatric Oncology Award from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (shared with Mary V. Relling of SJCRH), the 2009 Team Science Prize from American Association of Cancer Research (shared with colleagues at St. Jude), the 2012 Remington Medal from the American Pharmaceutical Association and the 2013 Hunter Award from American Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. He is recognized by ISI as a "Highly Cited Scientist" in pharmacology, based on citations of his research publications ranking in the top 1%. He was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in 2002.
He served on the Board of Trustees of Rhodes College (2005-2014), as a member of the Memphis Tomorrow (2010-2014), on the Board of Scientific Counselors for the US National Cancer Institute of NIH (2007-2012), and currently serves on the Board of Trustees of the University of Tennessee (2014-present).
During his ten year tenure as SJCRH CEO, St. Jude has been ranked annually in the top 10 best places to work in academia by The Scientist magazine (#1 in 2006), ranked #1 children's cancer hospital by Parents Magazine and US News and World Report, and listed by Fortune magazine among the top 100 companies to work for in the US (annually since 2011). St. Jude is the only NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center devoted solely to children, and received the highest designation of "exceptional" from NCI in 2013.
Matt McKenna – Board member
Until recently, Matt was senior advisor to U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack. In this role, he developed public-private partnerships for rural investment to create economic development and growth. Previously, Matt served as chief executive officer of Keep America Beautiful, which focuses on volunteer leadership to build and sustain vibrant communities. He also brings 16 years of experience in senior management positions, including senior vice president of finance at PepsiCo and as a partner withWinthrop, Stimson, Putnam & Roberts, a law firm in New York. He is a graduate of Georgetown Law and is an adjunct professor at Fordham University's School of Law.
John Pontius – Board member
A native Memphian, John Pontius received a bachelor's degree in accounting from the University of Tennessee at Knoxville in 1977. He initially joined the international accounting firm of Coopers & Lybrand where he completed his requirements as a CPA. After several years as an audit manager, Mr. Pontius pursued a career in financial management, ultimately becoming the Director of Finance and Administration for the City of Memphis. In 1991 John joined AutoZone as a special assistant to Founder, Chairman and CEO Pitt Hyde. His responsibilities for investment, family business and philanthropic management led to the formation in 1998, with Mr. Hyde, of Pittco Management, LLC where John is President.
He currently serves on the Board of Directors for GTx, Inc. and serves or has served on numerous community and civic organizations including The University of Tennessee, The J. R. Hyde Family Foundations, Christian Brothers University, ArtsMemphis, Idlewild Presbyterian Church, the Riverfront Development Corporation and the Memphis in May International Festival. John is married to the former Patricia Bistolfi and they have two sons.
Spence Wilson Jr.– Board member
Spence is VP of Kemmons Wilson, Inc, a 3rd generation family office in Memphis. Mr. Wilson started his career at the company in 1995. He is responsible for private investments. His focus is to seek out, analyze and recommend investment opportunities, particularly operating businesses. Additionally, he has oversight responsibilities for the company ownership of the Family of Orange Lake Resorts headquartered in Orlando, FL. He works closely with that company's senior leadership on business, management development and its long-term strategies.
In addition to serving on the Innova Memphis Board of Directors, Mr. Wilson is also a director for the Christ United Methodist Church Foundation, Baptist Memorial Hospital Community Foundation, and St. Mary's Episcopal School.
Congrats to @virginiajemery and her team at Beta Hatch for making @PitchBookNews Top 10 list of interesting deals you may have missed in 2020.
https://pitchbook.com/news/articles/10-vc-deals-you-might-have-missed-in-2020
Copyright © INNOVA MEMPHIS, INC.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Volleyball: Moses named GSAC Coach of Year; eight Panthers earn conference awards
DECATUR, Ga.- The Great South Athletic Conference office announced the 2011 women's soccer conference awards. The awards will be given at the GSAC Championship tournament hosted by Piedmont College.
LaGrange head coach Julie Moses was named the GSAC Coach of the Year after leading the Panthers to a turnaround year. Moses guided the Panthers to a 16-14 overall record and was third in the GSAC standings with a 5-3 record. Last year, the Panthers were 7-23. The Panthers have clinched their first winning season since 2005.
Junior middle hitter Katie Covington was selected to the GSAC All-Conference team for the second year in a row. Covington leads the Panthers in attack percentage (.270), kills (377), total blocks (67) and service aces (35). She is third in the GSAC in both attack percentage and kills.
Senior Crystal Colvin and junior Erin McKinstry joined Covington on the all-conference team. Colvin, a libero, leads the team and is third in the GSAC in digs with 490. McKinstry, a setter, leads the team and is second in the GSAC with 886 assists.
Ashley Corona and Mary Ann Washichek were named to the GSAC All-Freshman team. Corona is second on the team with 187 kills. Washichek is second on the team in digs with 304 and third in kills with 158.
Colvin was joined on the GSAC All-Academic team by Kaydee Daniel, Hayley LaFontaine and Leslie Rhoades.


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text:
Top 18 Secrets of Alphabet City, Manhattan
Alphabet City is the home of legendary jazz musicians, a candy store owned by a 90-year-old, and a tree where a religious movement began.
Top 10 Secrets of Whitestone, Queens
Located in northeastern Queens, Whitestone has been the site of shipwrecks, Harry Houdini's home, and a "spaceship church."
Noah Sheidlower January 20, 2023
10 Places to Remember Edgar Allan Poe in NYC
Many cities claim Edgar Allan Poe as their own, but its in NYC where he may have had the most homes and wrote his most famous poems!
10 Most Iconic Brooklyn Film Locations
Margo Donohue's new book Filmed in Brooklyn outlines films that have been shot across the borough from Prospect Park to the Brooklyn Bridge.
10 Places to Honor Martin Luther King, Jr. in NYC
10 locations in NYC where Martin Luther King Jr. visited and made his mark, including Carnegie Hall, Riverside Church, and City College.
Top 9 Secrets of Little Neck, Queens
Little Neck is a quiet residential neighborhood on the Queens-Nassau County border known for its clams, Chinese cuisine, and baseball history.
ArchitectureArts & CultureGuidesNewsSecrets of NYC
180 Fascinating Secrets of New York City
Here at Untapped New York, the secrets of New York City are our specialty. Here are over 150 of our favorite secrets, across all five boroughs of the city.
Untapped New York December 30, 2022
10 NYC New Year's Events to Ring in 2023
Check out our picks for the most exciting New Year's Eve events to celebrate the arrival of 2023 in New York City!
Nicole Saraniero December 29, 2022
Top 10 Secrets of Douglaston, Queens
Known for its historic homes and waterfront views, the quiet neighborhood of Douglaston, Queens, has quite a few secrets to uncover.
Noah Sheidlower December 27, 2022
10 Festive Ways to Celebrate the Holidays in NYC, 2022
Celebrate the holidays in NYC with these festive experiences and annual traditions that are sure to bring some cheer!


A Sublime Text 2 and 3 library that adds auto-completion capability for WooCommerce 3.2+ functions.
Just install via package control (WooCommerce Autocomplete) or clone into your sublime-text-2 package directory.
If you have any suggestion or you want to help, just fork this repository, make your changes and send a pull request. If you can't code, simply open a new issue and we'll do our best to help you!


There is little information available about the construction of the original keep, but it is assumed that it was built for defensive purposes rather than comfort, based on the similarity to the construction of other facilities of that time which was around 1200 AD. Sometime around 1581, David Boyle enclosed the original keep with a much larger and grander castle complex. This marked the emergence of the family's start to power in the local community.
However, the 17th century proved to be troublesome for the Boyles and they obtained their wealth through ship building and shipping. Later, the family heavily relied upon the public service aspect of the community, especially when trying to put a stop to smuggling. John Boyle, the ruler in the 17th century, became the father of the first Earl of Glasgow. The changes that the first Earl, David Boyle, made were not unlike that of a French Chateau and stands virtually the same today, except for the Graffiti art which was done by invitation in order to stop the failing of the concrete facing on the castle, in 2007. The repairs for the concrete may start sometime this year.
Unfortunately for the Boyle family, trouble was arose in the religious controversies of the day and they became indebted by building and endowing churches all over Scotland. The buildings included a big building near Perth and one on Cumbrae. By the late 1800s they found themselves owing nearly one million pounds. A cousin, David Boyle of Stewarton, sold his lands near Irvine in order to have enough money to buy back the Kelburn Facilities at auction. Unfortunately all the rest was lost.
During the years much chaos and lore has been steeped into Kelburn Castle and the lands surrounding it. The present Earl of Glasgow and his wife Isabel started a country park in the 1977, opening the grounds and house to the public. It is truly a wonderful place to visit for those interested in history, or wishing to learn more about the castles and have fun in a modern setting with a historical base.


Arabesque is a modest clothing brand that sells Muslim dresses, Dubai Abayas and Jilbabs online and instore. Abayas and Hijabs are not only a cultural piece of modest clothing but have recently evolved into a modern fashion statement. It' s no longer the typical Islamic attire for Muslim women but a fashion piece that integrates with both the traditional and western communities.
The modern Abaya dresses can now be worn by all, and that's what we love to promote through our exclusive online ranges.


Charming Home in the highly desirable Madera Ranchos with many possibilities. This home has 3 bed, 2 bath and office space. This home has been completely remodeled with hard wood and decorative tile floors, granite kitchen counter top and stainless steel appliances. Brand new central cooling/heating system. Brick Fireplace, Dual Pane windows throughout. Elevated front yard with trees for privacy and noise reduction, Comes with free tool chest/work bench in garage, also includes a work table/bench in the backyard. Backyard features a patio for entertaining and a storage shed. You will fall in love with the mature landscaping and trees throughout.
Listing provided courtesy of Raymond Hudson of Loans Realty Group.


The Sunday after Thanksgiving we participated in the Gingerbread event at our church. Each family got a gingerbread house and a ton of candy to decorate it with. We had so much fun creating our house. The boys really got into it. Unfortunately, the night ended with Owen getting sick on the church's floor. Besides for that, it was a great family night.
I am going to try and get caught up with our activities over the holiday season. Hopefully, I can update these blog posts fairly quickly.
I will start with some pictures of the boys having fun in the snow. It snowed here around Thanksgiving. Which resulted in days of playing outside because school was closed.
Here are some of the shots of the boys exploring a snow covered yard!


Inigo Pascual learns that his fan who happens to have leukemia has passed away today, February 6.
On his Twitter account, the 21-year-old singer said that Arnie Espina, 15 years old, is already dead. "I'm so sorry my angel," Inigo said.
Pascual organized a benefit concert for Espina last January held at the Historia Boutique Bar and Restaurant in Quezon City. Other fans and followers sent their condolences.


Walton Priory Middle School was the first purpose built middle school in Staffordshire and rapidly became the centre of national attention following its opening in 1974. Educational experts from far and wide visited the school to see how its innovative form of education was to be delivered.
It was deemed to be so successful that imitations of the building's construction soon became evident around Staffordshire.
Success and excellence have been central to the school's philosophy ever since and remain the focus of our attention and efforts to this day.
Although the name of the school reminds us of the distant past, we take pride in our commitment to build on the best traditions of history and combine these with the best of present educational practice to prepare our pupils for the technological age of the future.
Please click on the logo below to login to Show My Homework.


text:
This page was last changed on August 3, 2021, last checked on August 3, 2021 and applies to citizens and legal permanent residents of the United States.
Our website, https://instylla.com (hereinafter: "the website") uses cookies and other related technologies (for convenience all technologies are referred to as "cookies"). Cookies are also placed by third parties we have engaged. In the document below we inform you about the use of cookies on our website.
We use SiteGround for website hosting. Read more
For more information, please read the SiteGround Privacy Statement.
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201 Burlington Road
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Website: https://instylla.com
Email: info@instylla.com
Caution: Investigational Device. Limited by Federal (or US) law to investigational use only. Not available for sale.
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text:
Q: TestContainers, Spring Webflux, JUnit 5, MySQLR2DBCDatabaseContainer using @DynamicPropertySource I'm trying to do the following;
but using org.testcontainers.containers.MySQLR2DBCDatabaseContainer
can anyone show me how this can be achieved, as MySQLR2DBCDatabaseContainer doesn't seem to have the following methods:

*

*::getJdbcUrl

*::getPassword

*::getUsername

@Testcontainers
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class ApplicationIT {
  @Container
  public static PostgreSQLContainer postgreSQLContainer = new PostgreSQLContainer()
    .withPassword("inmemory")
    .withUsername("inmemory");
  @DynamicPropertySource
  static void postgresqlProperties(DynamicPropertyRegistry registry) {
    registry.add("spring.datasource.url", postgreSQLContainer::getJdbcUrl);
    registry.add("spring.datasource.password", postgreSQLContainer::getPassword);
    registry.add("spring.datasource.username", postgreSQLContainer::getUsername);
  }
  @Test
  public void contextLoads() {
  }
}

A: For your case, you should create properties to a R2dbc connection instead of the Jdbc connection.
You have to compute the R2dbc URL manually instead of the Jdbc URL.
registry.add("spring.r2dbc.url", () -> "r2dbc:postgresql://"
                + postgreSQLContainer.getHost() + ":" + postgreSQLContainer.getFirstMappedPort()
                + "/" + postgreSQLContainer.getDatabaseName());
registry.add("spring.r2dbc.username", () -> postgreSQLContainer.getUsername());
registry.add("spring.r2dbc.password", () -> postgreSQLContainer.getPassword());

More simply you can create a tc profile based application config for testcontainers.
# src/test/resources/application-tc.properties
spring.r2dbc.url=r2dbc:tc:mysql:///databasename?TC_IMAGE_TAG=8

The tc in the url will start a testcontaienrs docker automatically. See the TestContainers R2dbc support.
Then you can also apply some some initial work(eg. create schemas and insert sample data) via a @TestConfiguration.
@DataR2dbcTest
@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_METHOD)
@ActiveProfiles("tc")// activate the `tc` profile.
public class TestcontainersPostRepositoryTest {

    @TestConfiguration
    static class TestConfig {
        @Bean
        public ConnectionFactoryInitializer initializer(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {

            ConnectionFactoryInitializer initializer = new ConnectionFactoryInitializer();
            initializer.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);

            CompositeDatabasePopulator populator = new CompositeDatabasePopulator();
            populator.addPopulators(new ResourceDatabasePopulator(new ClassPathResource("schema.sql")));
            populator.addPopulators(new ResourceDatabasePopulator(new ClassPathResource("data.sql")));
            initializer.setDatabasePopulator(populator);

            return initializer;
        }
    }

    @Autowired
    DatabaseClient client;

    @Autowired
    PostRepository posts;

//your tests...

I have some testcontainers examples.

*

*Launch Contrainer via R2dbc url, see this R2dbc MySQL example.

*Manual setup with Junit, see this R2dbc PostgresSQL example.

*Use spring initializer classes to initialize a Container, see this Neo4j Rx example.

A: That is actually a little bit tricky. If you're using reactive repositories you should continue using MySQLContainer, but you have to change the way you set the datasource (my code is slightly different but I hope is close enough to give you an idea of how to solve your problem). Please note the use of UserRepositoryIntegrationTest::r2dbcUrl.
@Testcontainers
@DataR2dbcTest
class UserRepositoryIntegrationTest {

    @Container
    private static MySQLContainer database = new MySQLContainer("mysql:8.0.28");

    @DynamicPropertySource
    static void registerDynamicProperties(DynamicPropertyRegistry registry) {
        registry.add("spring.r2dbc.url", UserRepositoryIntegrationTest::r2dbcUrl);
        registry.add("spring.r2dbc.username", database::getUsername);
        registry.add("spring.r2dbc.password", database::getPassword);

        registry.add("spring.flyway.url", database::getJdbcUrl);
        registry.add("spring.flyway.user", database::getUsername);
        registry.add("spring.flyway.password", database::getPassword);
    }

    private static String r2dbcUrl() {
        return String.format("r2dbc:mysql://%s:%s/%s",
                database.getContainerIpAddress(),
                database.getMappedPort(MySQLContainer.MYSQL_PORT),
                database.getDatabaseName());
    }
}

You can have a look at my repo; I got stuck in the same problem for days: UserRepositoryIntegrationTest.java

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
S2 1PH
Area Information for Sheffield, S2 1PH
This postcode in Sheffield is in the Yorkshire and The Humber region of England. The postcode is within the Manor Castle ward/electoral division, which is in the constituency of Sheffield Central. This page combines information for the address Sheffield, S2 1PH, and the neighbourhood in which it resides. If you wish, you can also view information for the whole of S2 here. For more details on the exact area these statistics cover, please see the map below and click "Show Census Area Covered" immediately below the map.
This postcode was terminated by the Royal Mail in December 1992. Where possible, we have attempted to find data relating to the area in which the postcode used to reside before retirement. However, some data such as street names and house pricing is based on current postcodes only and so may be missing or incomplete.
Our information is available for almost all UK postcodes. Why not take a look at some of these other postcodes in the immediate vicinity of Sheffield, S2 1PH:
Beaumont Avenue, Sheffield, S2 1RW
Beaumont Road North, Sheffield, S2 1RS
Beaumont Way, Sheffield, S2 1RU
Beaumont Close, Sheffield, S2 1RY
Harborough Way, Sheffield, S2 1RG
Dawlands Close, Sheffield, S2 1SF
The information on housing, people, culture, employment and education that is displayed about Sheffield, S2 1PH is based on the last census performed in the UK in 2011. They are performed once every 10 years. Please note: census information may include figures for adjacent streets and postcodes. The figures are therefore representative of the local area, not a specific street address or row of houses. The census collection is designed so that each group of postcodes should contain at least 100 people (50 in Scotland). This is done to preserve the anonymity of the people in that area, as some postcodes cover a very small area, sometimes a single building. You can see the area covered by the census statistics by clicking "Show Census Area Covered" below the map above.
There have been no house sales reported to the Land Registry in this postcode since January 1st 1995.
This area contains a mixture of housing types, as detailed below. No single type of dwelling accounts for more than 50% of the dwellings. Please note that the figures may include adjacent streets - see the Summary tab for an explanation and map of the area that these figures cover.
Flat (Purpose-Built) 34
The area containing Sheffield contains a higher than average level of social housing - 56% of household spaces. This contrasts with the national average of just over 18%.
Owned Outright 17
Owned with Mortgage 30
Rented: From Council 23
Three People 13
C2 - Skilled manual workers 20
Across the UK as a whole, the gender split is roughly equal at 49% male, 51% female. This address in Sheffield Central constituency is broadly in line with those figures, with 46% male.
Male 132
The postcode S2 1PH does not show a significant deviation from the average figures for the UK. In the UK as a whole, the average figures are approximately as follows for relationship statuses: 34% single, 47% married, 3% separated, 9% divorced, 7% widowed, and 0.2% same sex.
Very Bad 3
S2 1PH and surrounding area has a larger than average concentration of residents have no qualifications - 43% of the resident population. On average, around 22.9% of census respondents fall into this category.
Apprenticeship 11
HNC, HND or 2+ A Levels 20
Black African 8
Black Caribbean 2
Note that an individual may hold one or more passports. The data may include people living in adjacent addresses to S2 1PH
United Kingdom 173
Not Stated 16
RetailInc. Wholesale 16
Professional, Scientific and Technical 1
Public Administration and Defence 5
HealthInc. Social Work 12
Sheffield, S2 1PH is within the Sheffield South East policing neighbourhood, under the South Yorkshire Police force area. For non-urgent queries, contact 101. For emergency assistance, please contact 999. In November 2019, 121 crimes were reported within half a mile of S2 1PH.
View Latest Crime in S2 1PH
Crime: Click here to view 121 crimes committed near S2 1PH
Below are the details of the closest services to S2 1PH. All distances are straightline distances, please consult the map of the facility to check the exact location. You can also view these details on our interactive services map for S2 1PH.
Listed here are the 20 closest railway stations to Sheffield, S2 1PH. The nearest railway station is Darnall, approximately 0.8 miles away.
Darnall 0.8 miles
Meadowhall 3 miles
Dore & Totley 5 miles
Kiveton Park 8 miles
Wombwell 9.9 miles
Conisbrough 12 miles
Listed here are the 10 closest primary schools to Sheffield, S2 1PH. The nearest is Pipworth Community Primary School, approximately 520 yards away.
Acres Hill Community Primary School 730 yards
St Theresa's Catholic Primary School 0.7 miles
Wybourn Community Primary & Nursery School 0.9 miles
High Hazels Junior School 0.9 miles
High Hazels Nursery Infant Academy 0.9 miles
Prince Edward Primary School 1 mile
Listed here are the 10 closest secondary schools to Sheffield, S2 1PH. The nearest is Sheffield Park Academy, approximately 350 yards away.
Utc Sheffield City Centre 1.9 miles
Handsworth Grange Community Sports College 2.1 miles
Listed here are the 10 closest GPs (General Practitioners) to Sheffield, S2 1PH. The nearest is Manor and Park Group Practice, approximately 350 yards away. Please consult the NHS Choices website to check if the facility is currently accepting new NHS patients.
Clover Group - Darnall Primary Care Centre 1 mile
Listed here are the 10 closest dentists to Sheffield, S2 1PH. The nearest is Manor Park Family Dental Centre, approximately 360 yards away. Please consult the NHS Choices website to check if the facility is currently accepting new NHS patients.
AL ZUBAIDI IJ MR 0.9 miles
Khehra & Associates 0.9 miles
DL Dental 1.2 miles
Ridgeway Dental Practice 1.2 miles
ORLIAKLIS V MR 1.3 miles
Listed here are the 10 closest hospitals to Sheffield, S2 1PH. The nearest is Cygnet Hospital Sheffield, approximately 1.6 miles away.
Royal Hallamshire Hospital 2.9 miles
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals 2.9 miles
Charles Clifford Dental Hospital 2.9 miles
Weston Park Hospital 3 miles
Listed here are the 10 closest opticians to Sheffield, S2 1PH. The nearest is Costco Wholesale UK Ltd, approximately 0.6 miles away.
Tunnacliffe & Lambert 1 mile
Parkhurst Opticians 1 mile
Martyn Kemp Opticians 1 mile
Dollond & Aitchison 1.8 miles

Local Area Information About Sheffield, S2 1PH


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Seven Churches of Revelation: Prophetic History of the ...
The Harlot of Revelation 17 is the Corrupt Christian Church
Questions about Revelation | 0
At the end of Revelation 16 John saw the fall of Babylon: "The great city was divided into three parts, and the cities of the nations fell. And great Babylon was remembered before God, to give her the cup of the wine of the fierceness of His wrath" (Revelation 16:19).
In chapter 17 an angel came to explain to John what the fall of Babylon means. John was taken in vision to the wilderness and "saw a woman sitting on a scarlet beast, which was full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns. The woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet, and adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls, having in her hand a golden cup full of abominations and the filthiness of her fornication. And on her forehead a name was written: Mystery, Babylon the Great, the Mother of Harlots and of the Abominations of the Earth" (Revelation 17:3-5).
This is the second of two women that John sees in Revelation. The first, described in Revelation 12, was the Woman Clothed with the Sun, who represented the people of God, first as the Jewish nation and later as the Church (see article Who is the Woman Clothed with the Sun?)
Immoral women are used in prophecy to symbolize God's people when they have fallen into apostasy. For example, "There were two women… they committed harlotry… Their names were Oholah and Oholibah… Samaria is Oholah, and Jerusalem is Oholibah" (Ezekiel 23:2-4). This indicates that the harlot that John saw represents the Church of God in apostasy.
More specifically, the angel told John that "the woman whom you saw is that great city, which reigns over the kings of the earth" (Revelation 17:18). Moreover, there are "seven mountains on which the woman sits" (Revelation 17:9). These two verses identify the woman as Rome, the "Great City" "on seven hills" that "reigned over the kings of the earth" like no other city in history.
The Roman Catholic Church is also indicated by the names on the woman's forehead: "Mystery" (the Catholic faith is considered to be a religion of mysteries), "Babylon the Great" (Peter, writing from Rome, said "she (the church) who is in Babylon (Rome) greets you" 1 Peter 5:13), "The Mother of Harlots" (the Roman Catholic Church considers itself the " mother church [1]").
This identity is confirmed by the beast that the woman sits on: it has seven heads and ten horns, just like the beast from the sea in chapter 13. That beast was clearly shown to be the papal Roman Catholic Church of the Middle Ages (see What is the Beast with Seven Heads?).
There are two important differences between the two beasts: First of all, the beast from the sea has a deadly wound on one of its heads. The military and political power of the Roman Catholic Church was "mortally wounded" during the French and Italian revolutions. Revelation 13:3 predicts that the deadly wound would be healed.
Since there is no mention of the deadly wound in chapter 17, the context of the scarlet beast (and the woman who rides it) is after the healing of the deadly wound. This points to the present time, when the Roman Catholic Church has engaged the world, established diplomatic relationships with many countries including the United States, and played a leading role in the overthrow of communism (see 13: The Deadly Wound Healed in The Book).
Secondly, the beast from the sea did not have a woman riding it. It was an "integrated" entity, with the religious, political and military aspects all combined. This aptly describes the Medieval Papacy, which included the religious (churches, monasteries, etc.), territory (the papal states) and its own army (besides the countries and armies of Europe it controlled).
The scarlet beast, in contrast, is "ridden" or controlled by the harlot; in other words, Church and state are to some extent divided. This fits with the modern situation, where the Catholic Church does not have any appreciable territory or armies of its own but works behind the scenes to influence governments.
More importantly, the division of church and state is emphasized because Revelation predicts that there will be a falling out of the unity of last day Babylon; "The great city was divided into three parts" and "the ten horns… will hate the harlot… and burn her with fire" Revelation 16:19, 17:16. The political and military forces will turn on the religious leaders as they realize that they have been deceived by them.
There is a lot more information about the harlot as well as the other major players during the Time of Trouble in Chapters 17 and 18 of The Book. Of special interest are the 7 kings that are symbolized by the heads of the Scarlet Beast, the Antichrist (also known as "the beast") who ascends out of the bottomless pit, and the ten horns.
<![if !supportFootnotes]>
<![endif]>
<![if !supportFootnotes]> [1] <![endif]> See section 17: The Beast and the Great Harlot in The Book for more details.
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Seven Churches of Revelation: Prophetic History of the Christian Church
Beast from the Earth of Revelation Creates Mark of the Beast
1260 Days of Revelation Symbolize 1260 Years of Persecution


Dr. Pardy has 12 years of experience in medical statistics, beginning as a biostatistician for the NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre in Australia where he rose to be Head of Methodological Development within the biostatistics team. He has diverse experience within biomedical research including biostatistical methodology (e.g., adjusted analysis in the presence of broken randomisation schemes, effect size prediction for primary endpoints based on surrogate endpoints), gene expression data mining, analysis of large public health datasets, and bioinformatics. He has spent substantial time working as an independent statistical consultant in both academia an industry, and has also worked as part of an established statistical consulting group within the University of New South Wales (UNSW). He has consulted for a range of fields from business and finance to biomedical research at the lab level through observational studies of medical records data to large-scale prospective clinical research. His clinical trial experience includes the design and analysis of trials for all phases from small early phase studies to multinational randomized Phase IV studies with over 10,000 subjects. Dr. Pardy has more than 750 academic citations for clinical trial work in cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and his teaching experience includes postgraduate courses on Biostatistics and Clinical Trial methodology. Dr. Pardy has a PhD in Statistical Genetics from the Prince of Wales Hospital Clinical School (UNSW), MStat, and BSc (Hons) (Statistics).


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Corey Lueck Teams Up With Producer Ian Eskelin For "Key To My Heart"
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Music Industry Veteran Shanti Das Teams Up With The American Heart Association
By Timothy Yap Jan 16, 2017 02:34 PM EST
zMusic industry mogul Shanti Das and the American Heart Association are teaming up to bring awareness to heart disease and stroke, the social determinants of health and opportunities to become a volunteer ambassador for community change in honor of Martin Luther King, Jr. National Day of Service, Monday, January 16.
Das, who is one of the newest national ambassadors for the American Heart Association's EmPowered To ServeTM movement, is featured in Take Me Home, a short video docuseries produced by the Association in collaboration with MIRAR. The video, which also includes R & B songstress Demetria McKinney, chronicles Das' life growing up in a food desert in Peyton Forest, a community of Atlanta, Georgia.
Heart disease, including stroke is the No. 1 killer of all Americans, and African Americans and Hispanics are at increased risk compared to other populations. All too often, people in urban communities suffer from diabetes, high blood pressure and obesity leading to heart disease and stroke at much higher rates than their Caucasian counterparts. In too many of the communities there are barriers to heathy living such as, lack of access to large grocery stores with fresh fruits and vegetables; lack of access to safe, places to exercise and lack of equitable heath care.
"After learning about the social determinants of health, I decided to learn more about how that may have impacted the community where I grew up. In the process, I learned that I basically grew up in a food desert, which is a community without easy access to healthy food options. This is driving a lot of health issues in my community such as high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease and stroke," says Das, CEO and founder of Press Reset Entertainment. "In fact, I found that 2 million Georgians, including 500,000 children live in food deserts. There are more than 35 food deserts just in the perimeter of Metro-Atanta."
Das moved back to Atlanta after working for many years in New York. She will work with the American Heart Association to raise health awareness in the community and to work with civic leaders to remove the barriers to heathy living where healthier options will be more accessible. "I want to make sure that my generation is going "home" and helping their communities to get active and making sure they have the proper access to healthy living that they need," she says.
A private viewing of the Take Me Home video documentary was held on January 10 at DJ Drama's Mean Street Studios in Atlanta to an intimate list of supporters including: Rashan Ali, Stevie Baggs, DJ Drama, Tameka Foster, Ceasar Mitchell, Kawan Prather and Ebony Steele.
For more information about becoming an EmPowered To Serve volunteer ambassador, visit EmPoweredtoserve.org. Choose an action. Make an impact.
Tags : shanti das american heart association Martin Luther King Jr. National Day of Service
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Use these Artificial Grapes by Ashland to make wreaths, fruit displays, wine décor and more. These lifelike faux grapes make perfect additions to centerpieces or displays for wine-themed parties.
Green & Purple Artificial Grapes by Ashland® is rated 5.0 out of 5 by 1.
Rated 5 out of 5 by ckinsd from Perfect size for a smaller wreath! I have a medium-sized wreath made from artificial grape leaves, and I couldn't find the right additions to make it attractive. Then I wandered down an aisle in Michael's and saw these smaller grapes! I bought 2 of these plus 2 packages of the tiny grapes (4 per package). Perfect! This wreath will have a place near our wine rack in the bonus room!


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New Haven est une ville du comté d'Allen en Indiana, dans la banlieue ouest de Fort Wayne. Sa population était de  en 2010.

La ville a été fondée en 1865.

Liens externes
 http://www.newhavenin.org/

City en Indiana
Localité dans le comté d'Allen (Indiana)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I am having a very strange problem. I was playing with a second feature studio, trying to implement the mortise and tenon joint in a different way. Despite the fact that I can add both feature studios and the updated name appears, the "Mortise and Tenon Joint v2" behaves just like the first. It should have different inputs and be completely different. Because this is very hard to describe, here is the link to my document. https://demo-c.dev.onshape.com/documents/f0c35293cb9d46bba5d27022/w/def5fd45ea8c4e3b9b70f1f8/e/b32b453bbd2f456483455763. Any help would be appreciated.
If I remove both feature studios, and add Feature Studio 2, then add Feature Studio 1, both "Mortise and Tenon Joint" and "Mortise and Tenon Joint v2" behave like the 2nd one. Very strange.
Turns out I had changed the display name, but not the variable name. Fixed with updated variable name.
This is our bug -- even with the same internal name, features in different feature studios should be treated as different.


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Andrea Buchanan (April 6, 1955 – January 28, 1982) was an American professional tennis player.

Biography
Born in Los Angeles, Buchanan went to Dorsey High School and turned professional in 1978. She was one of only several African American players competing on tour. Her best grand slam performances came at the 1981 Wimbledon Championships, where she beat Barbara Hallquist before falling in the third round to second-seed Hana Mandlíková. In what would be her last grand slam appearance she won a first round match against Eva Pfaff at 1981 US Open.

Murder
On the morning of January 28, 1982, Buchanan was found mortally wounded on the floor of a Los Angeles fish market, where she was working part time as a cashier. She was rushed to Brotman Memorial Hospital in Culver City with multiple bullet wounds to her upper body, but never regained consciousness. Her boss, 57-year old Nathanial Brown, was pronounced dead at the scene. The case remains unsolved. Police ruled out robbery as a motive and believe that, unknown to Buchanan, Brown had been involved with dealing illicit substances.

Buchanan was a popular player on tour and her death was widely mourned. Billie Jean King, one of her close friends, had to retire during her first round match at the 1982 Avon Championships of Detroit as she was unable to concentrate.

References

External links

1955 births
1982 deaths
American female tennis players
Tennis players from Los Angeles
African-American tennis players
Unsolved murders in the United States
People murdered in Los Angeles
Female murder victims
American murder victims
Deaths by firearm in California
1982 murders in the United States