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You are here: BAILII >> Databases >> European Court of Human Rights >> KOOTTUMMEL v. AUSTRIA - 49616/06 [2009] ECHR 2033 (10 December 2009)
CASE OF KOOTTUMMEL v. AUSTRIA
In the case of Koottummel v. Austria,
The case originated in an application (no. 49616/06) against the Republic of Austria lodged with the Court under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms ("the Convention") by an Austrian national, Ms Geethakumari Koottummel ("the applicant"), on 6 December 2006.
The applicant was represented by Mr W.L. Weh, a lawyer practising in Bregenz. The Austrian Government ("the Government") were represented by their Agent, Ambassador F. Trauttmansdorff, Head of the International Law Department at the Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs.
The applicant complained that there had been no oral hearing before the Administrative Court in the proceedings concerning her request for an employment permit for an Ayurvedic chef.
On 23 June 2008 the Court decided to give notice of the application to the Government. Under the provision of Article 29 § 3 of the Convention, it decided to examine the merits of the application at the same time as its admissibility.
The applicant who was born in India lives in Lustenau. She runs an Indian restaurant with Ayurvedic cuisine in Lustenau.
On 1 October 2004 she lodged a request with the Dornbirn Labour Market Service (Arbeitsmarktservice – LMS) for the grant of an employment permit for an Ayurvedic chef from the South of India as a key worker (Schlüsselarbeitskraft).
On 2 November 2004 the Dornbirn LMS refused the request in accordance with section 2(5) of the Aliens' Employment Act (Ausländerbeschäftigungsgesetz). It found that the chef did not fulfil the conditions to be a key worker as defined in section 2(5).
The applicant appealed against the refusal to the Vorarlberg LMS on 17 November 2004. She maintained in substance that the authority had failed to assess properly the evidence.
On 15 February 2005 the Vorarlberg LMS dismissed the applicant's appeal. It held that the submitted documents did not sufficiently prove her contention that the proposed chef fulfilled the conditions required to be a key worker or that the requested employment would secure existing jobs or create new jobs, as required by section 2(5) of the Aliens' Employment Act. His professional skills could not be seen as specific and extraordinary since any chef could with further training obtain a certificate in Ayurvedic cuisine.
The applicant filed a complaint with the Administrative Court on 31 March 2005 and requested an oral hearing. In her appeal the applicant maintained that the authorities had failed to assess the evidence properly and give appropriate reasons. Had they done so they should have concluded that the person to be employed qualified as a key worker. On 7 June 2005 the Voralberg LMS submitted its comments.
On 24 April 2006 the Administrative Court dismissed the applicant's complaint. In accordance with section 39(2) of the Administrative Court Act (Verwaltungsgerichtshofgesetz) it also dismissed the applicant's request for an oral hearing as it found that it would not be likely to contribute to the clarification of the case. The decision was served on the applicant's counsel on 6 June 2006.
The Employment of Foreigners Act (Ausländerbeschäftigungs-gesetz) regulates a foreigner's access to the Austrian labour market. Section 2 (5) of this act, as in force at the relevant time, reads as follows:
"(5) Key workers are foreigners who have particular training or specific know- how and professional experience which are requested on the domestic labour market and who would receive for their employment a monthly gross salary of at least 60% of the maximum contribution level under Section 108 para. 3 of the General Social Security Act. Moreover, at least one of the following conditions must be fulfilled:
1. the intended employment goes beyond the interest of the employing company and is of specific relevance for the region or the sector of the labour market concerned or
2. the intended employment fosters the creation of new employments and ensures the protection of existing employments or
3. the foreigner has a crucial influence on the management of the company (executive managerial post) or
4. the intended employment leads to a transfer of capital investment to Austria or
5. the foreigner is a university or polytechnics graduate or holds a certificate proving that he has accomplished a specially recognised training."
Further relevant provisions of that act can be found in the judgments in the cases of Jurisic and Collegium Mehrerau v. Austria (no. 62539/00, 27 July 2007) and Coorplan-Jenni GmbH and Hascic v. Austria (no. 10523/02, 27 July 2006).
Section 39(1) of the Administrative Court Act requires the Administrative Court to hold a hearing after its preliminary investigation of the case where the complainant has requested a hearing within the time-limit. Section 39(2) (6) provides, however, that, notwithstanding such a request, the Administrative Court may decide not to hold a hearing if it is apparent from the written pleadings of the parties and the files relating to the previous proceedings that an oral hearing would not be likely to contribute to the clarification of the case and that the lack of a hearing would not be in breach of Article 6 of the Convention.
The applicant complained that there had been no oral hearing before the Administrative Court in the proceedings concerning her complaint of refusal to issue an employment permit. She relied on Article 6 of the Convention, which, in so far as relevant, reads as follows:
"In the determination of his civil rights and obligations ..., everyone is entitled to a fair ... hearing within a reasonable time by [a] ... tribunal..."
The Court finds that this complaint is not manifestly ill-founded within the meaning of Article 35 § 3 of the Convention. It further notes that it is not inadmissible on any other grounds. It must therefore be declared admissible.
Referring to the judgments of the Court in the cases of Jurisic and Collegium Mehrerau v. Austria (no. 62539/00, 27 July 2007) and Coorplan-Jenni GmbH and Hascic v. Austria (no. 10523/02, 27 July 2007), the applicant submitted that the lack of an oral hearing before the Administrative Court had violated her right under Article 6 of the Convention. In this regard she also referred to a case which had been decided by the Administrative Court (Collection of decisions no. 17083 A/2006) and which, in her view, was similar to the present one. In that case the Administrative Court had actually held a hearing which had eventually been decisive for the outcome of the proceedings. In her submission, this clearly showed that an oral debate was more effective and fruitful than a mere exchange of written submissions.
The Government argued that there had been no breach of the applicant's right to an oral hearing before a tribunal as the special features of the proceedings constituted "exceptional circumstances" which justified the absence of a hearing. They noted in this regard that in her submissions to the Administrative Court the applicant had not substantiated her complaint relating to the fulfilment of the conditions required for a key worker or made out a valid case in support of her request for an oral hearing. Furthermore the other questions at issue had exclusively been questions of law, so that the Administrative Court had been able adequately to decide the case on the basis of the case file.
The Court notes that the applicant's case was considered by the Dornbirn Labour Market Service and the Vorarlberg Labour Market Service, i.e. purely administrative authorities, and then by the Administrative Court. The applicant did not contest that the Administrative Court qualifies as a tribunal, and there is no indication in the file that the Administrative Court's scope of review was insufficient in the circumstances of the case. Thus, the Administrative Court was the first and only tribunal which examined the applicant's case (see mutatis mutandis Schelling v. Austria, no. 55193/00, § 29, 10 November 2005)
The applicant was thus in principle entitled to a public oral hearing before the first and only tribunal examining her case, unless there were exceptional circumstances which justified dispensing with such a hearing. The Court has accepted such exceptional circumstances in cases where proceedings concerned exclusively legal or highly technical questions (see Schuler-Zgraggen v. Switzerland, 24 June 1993, § 58, Series A no. 263; Varela Assalino v. Portugal (dec.), no. 64336/01, 25 April 2002; and Speil v. Austria (dec.) no. 42057/98, 5 September 2002).
The Court cannot find that in the present case the subject matter of the proceedings before the Administrative Court was of such a nature, namely a highly technical issue or of mere legal nature, as to dispense with its obligation to hold a hearing (see Jurisic and Collegium Mehrerau v. Austria, no.62539/00, 27 July 2007, and Coorplan-Jenni GmbH and Hascic v. Austria, no. 10523/02, 27 July 2006).
There has accordingly been a violation of Article 6 § 1 of the Convention.
II. OTHER ALLEGED VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 6 § 1 OF THE CONVENTION
The applicant further complained under Article 6 about the length of the proceedings concerning her request for an employment permit.
As regards the period to be taken into account under Article 6 § 1, the Court observes that the proceedings started on 2 November 2004, when the Dornbirn LMS refused the applicant's request for the employment permit and ended on 6 June 2006, when the final judgement of the Administrative Court was served on the applicant's counsel. Thus the proceedings lasted approximately one year and eight months for three jurisdictions, a period which can be regarded as reasonable.
It follows that this complaint must be rejected as being manifestly ill-founded, pursuant to Article 35 §§ 3 and 4 of the Convention.
The applicant claimed 3,000 euros (EUR) in respect of pecuniary damage on the grounds that she had had to provide accommodation for the chef whose employment permit was eventually refused and had suffered loss of income due to the denial of a work permit for him.
The Government contested her claim.
The Court does not discern any causal link between the violation found and the pecuniary damage alleged; it therefore dismisses this claim.
The applicant also claimed 3,800 euros (EUR) including value added tax (VAT) for costs and expenses incurred before the Court. She furthermore claimed EUR 3,569.14 based on the assumption that if the Administrative Court had held an oral hearing it would have quashed the LMS's decision and awarded her that sum.
The Government contested the claim for costs incurred before the Court as being excessive. As regards the other claim it argued that this sum was based on mere speculation about the outcome of the domestic proceedings.
The Court reiterates that an applicant is only entitled to the reimbursement of costs and expenses in so far as they have actually been incurred. The Court does not find it established that the applicant incurred, in the domestic proceedings, any costs related to the violation found. It therefore dismisses the applicant's claim under this head.
As to the costs of the proceedings before the Court, it notes that the applicant, who was represented by counsel, did not have the benefit of legal aid and was only partly successful. It considers it reasonable, having regard to similar cases, to award her EUR 2,000 under this head, plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicant on this amount.
Declares the complaint concerning the lack of an oral hearing admissible and the remainder of the application inadmissible;
(a) that the respondent State is to pay the applicant, within three months from the date on which the judgment becomes final in accordance with Article 44 § 2 of the Convention, EUR 2,000 (two thousand euros), plus any tax that may be chargeable to the applicant, in respect of costs and expenses
(b) that from the expiry of the above-mentioned three months until settlement simple interest shall be payable on the above amounts at a rate equal to the marginal lending rate of the European Central Bank during the default period plus three percentage points.


Easily accessible from the Manta Resort, the Underwater Room is completely self-contained, and is divided into two parts, the underwater and the two-floor wooden deck above water level. The bedroom underwater is accessed only via a ladder leading down below the water's surface. Featuring a comfortable double bed, it provides the perfect platform for watching life go by so close to the seabed. The hardwood deck above is equipped with toilets and a lounging area. Guests can sleep underwater, or under the stars if they choose to; rocked to sleep by the gentle lapping of the ocean. Looking up into the skies a whole other canvas than the one we're used to, is revealed; completely free of light pollution, the Zanzibar archipelago guarantees a crystal clear blanket of stars every night. Spotlights placed underneath each windowpane below sea level light up the room's immediate surroundings, creating a surreal luminous view of the marine life around it which is attracted by the light source whereby the creatures swimming past almost appear to be glowing.
Due to the room being situated in a clearing, known as the Blue Hole, in the coral reef measuring some 12 meters deep, guests also have the opportunity to see a more relaxed side to the ocean.
Completely isolated and utterly compelling, the experience allows guests to delve deeper into a marine world than any diving experience, to really live within a marine environment and to experience its unique rhythm and colours. A night in the Manta Underwater Room costs $750 per night per person.


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Why Is Mammogram Advice Still Such A Tangle? Ask Your Doctor
Stephanie Nichols is a stay-at-home mom in Boston. She's 44 now and says she first thought about getting a mammogram when she turned 40.
"I had heard from a number of friends all around the same age that they're all getting mammograms," she says. So it came as no surprise when her doctor brought up the topic at her next routine exam.
But what was surprising, she says, was that, after discussing family history and personal health, her doctor determined that because Nichols was not at high risk for getting breast cancer, it was probably too soon to get that first scan. Together, they decided to postpone her first mammogram screening test until she was 45.
Nichols says she felt comfortable with that decision, "knowing that my risk for breast cancer was low compared to the risk of having to have more invasive procedures such as biopsies or lumpectomies."
She's right about the statistics. Researchers say that, across a 10-year period of getting annual mammograms, women overall have a 50-50 chance of being called back at least once for further testing that turns up nothing cancerous.
And that's one reason why the American Cancer Society changed its advice Tuesday. It now recommends that instead of getting that first screening mammogram at age 40, women who don't have an increased risk for breast cancer can start the screening later — at age 45.
But even that advice starts the screening too soon, according to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, which still advises most women of average risk to wait till they're 50. Meanwhile, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists still suggests most women get their first screening at 40. So, which advice is best for you?
Dr. Lydia Pace is an internist and primary care doctor at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston and describes a "really wide range in the way women approach this question." She says some women come in already knowing they want to start screening at age 40; some ask about screening even before age 40; and some are seeking a more nuanced conversation with the doctor about the particulars of their situation.
And Dr. Pace says that discussion with your doctor is absolutely the best approach. If you're at higher risk than average — if your mother or sisters or aunts had breast cancer, for example — it might be reasonable to start screening at 40.
Other women who are very worried about getting breast cancer may reasonably start at 40, too, Pace says. This might include some women, for example, who have had strong personal experiences with family or friends who got the illness.
"That may be a much more powerful influence for them than any conversation we can have," says Pace.
And that's OK, she says. These women could reasonably decide that, for them, the increased peace of mind they'll get with a clear mammogram outweighs the increased risk that they'll also have to undergo further expensive scans, unnecessary biopsies and other testing.
If you wish the evidence about when and how often to screen for breast cancer were more clear-cut, or that the leading groups of doctors offering advice could get on the same page, you're not alone. Lots of doctors are frustrated too.
Dr. Laura Esserman, who directs the University of California, San Francisco Breast Cancer Center, notes that every year, roughly 40,000 women die of breast cancer. What's most important now, she says, is putting energy into finding reliable solutions instead of "arguing about it."
Part of the problem, she says, is that the data everyone's basing their argument and recommendations on is 30 to 40 years old. She says the studies "were done before we had modern treatments for breast cancer, before we knew about the different kinds of breast cancer, before we understood a lot about breast cancer risk."
"And so it's high time we do a modern trial where we put some new ideas to the test," Esserman says.
She recently received a grant to see whether a personalized approach, like the one Stephanie Nichols worked out with her doctor, is as safe and effective at catching aggressive cancers as yearly mammograms starting at age 40.
In the meantime, when should stop getting screening mammograms? That too, for now, depends on whom you ask.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Baby loss charity Time Norfolk held a training day today (October 8) for over 60 health professionals and funeral directors to come and learn about baby loss and share best practice.
The day was described as 'amazing' and 'emotional' and featured speakers including Bob and Tracy from 4Louis, Anne from Rosedale Funeral Home and Kari Kordtomeikel the bereavement midwife at NNUH.
One of the highlights of the day was hearing from two very courageous past clients of TimeNorfolk. These two ladies shared in an incredibly honest way their story of baby loss to a room of professionals who truly cared.
Baby loss awareness week runs from October 9 – 15 to raise awareness about the key issues affecting those who have experienced pregnancy loss or baby death in the UK.


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Closing Agent Vetting Picking Up
by Neil B. Garfinkel | May 4, 2013 | Uncategorized |
In this Origination News article, written by Brad Finkelstein, Neil Garfinkel is quoted on his view of programs created to vet title closing agents.
By Brad Finkelstein
Worries over fraud, as well as the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau holding lenders responsible for the actions of the third parties they use, is what is behind Secured Settlements Inc.'s programs to vet title agents.
SSI's agent paid program has been a source of controversy on the social media sites. Now the company has come out with two lender paid models for its Closing Guard and Quick Check programs.
Andrew Liput, the president and CEO of SSI, said the company responded to some of the criticisms in the industry, that the agent paid model was "too onerous for the agents," many of which are small shops who had difficulty affording what he called the nominal amount SSI charges, which is between $99 and $299 for an entire year of vetting and monitoring.
Another point which had been made is that the cost of monitoring should be borne by the lender because of the CFPB's statements.
Liput said this program was born from the perspective of a closing agent. He was an attorney who also acted as a settlement agent.
"I viewed it as a way for settlement agents to set themselves apart, to bring continuity to a very diverse professional group. Unlike other professionals in the mortgage process, who are a homogenous group," that is the various players each have their own single profession with single source of licensing and standards of practice, the closing business is diverse and fragmented, with closing agents, notaries, attorneys and others at the closing table, he said.
He said the setup is "unwieldy and I have always been focused on how to do we bring these people together under one umbrella."
Now, with the regulatory comments, there are those saying the cost of vetting should be borne by the lender, Liput continued. So it has redesigned its offerings to be used more like a fraud combatting tool by lenders. It is a subscription model that gives lenders a whole package of preclosing, before funds are sent to the closing agent, quality control and compliance tools.
Liput said the agent paid model is not going away, because there are agents who see being vetted as a credential and it is something they can show to consumers.
Rafael Castellanos, the owner of Expert Title Insurance Agency in New York, said it is really the job of the title insurance underwriter to do the vetting of the people handling the mortgage closing funds.
Stewart Title Guaranty Co. is using its vetting program as a promotional tool, called the Trusted Provided Program, where all of its agencies and attorney agents can show consumers a seal proving they have been vetted and verified.
George Houghton, group president, agency operations for Stewart, said Trusted Provider "is our effort to continue to raise the bar for independent agencies and attorney agents in our network, and to elevate the professionalism and credibility of the title industry as a whole. And, to protect the investments of our customers."
He said in an interview that underwriters have always had oversight of their independent agents. Back in the period of 2000 and 2007, the settlement industry grew rapidly and the vetting was not done as thoroughly as it should have been done.
What Stewart started doing in December 2008 was to elevate its vetting program, including requiring a higher level of performance and due diligence.
Among the requirements for the program is a third party audit of the agency conducted by Deloitte & Touche. Stewart wanted to make sure its agents had a strong balance sheet to survive a downturn. In 2011 elected to outsource the audit function to a professional to enhance its standards. Stewart bears the cost of the audit, Houghton noted.
It had 6,000 agents at the end of 2008; it now has 3,000. But those 3,000 agents are producing more revenue for Stewart than the 6,000 did, Houghton said.
In 2011 Houghton created an advisor board, and that board helped to codify what Stewart had been doing since 2008 into a list of standards.
It reviews these standards with agents on an annual basis and it also visits with them and goes over compliance. This was being done before the CFPB came out with its announcement about vendors.
What Stewart had not done was publicize to its industry partners as well as consumers what it was doing in terms of vetting agents, he said. Houghton noted that Stewart is on the hook under the title policy and the closing protection letter for its agents.
Typically what can't be seen is how well a company does title searches in terms of claims and dollar amount of claims over a historical period of time. But that is information he and other underwriters have that the third party vetters don't.
Yet one of Liput's goals is to set up an information sharing system.
Liput said he believes there is room for a lot of different vetting models for closing agents. "The key is there should be vetting. My own feeling is that it should be independent." What Stewart and other underwriters are doing is good, he continued, but having it done by an independent party is better, especially in the eyes of regulators.
Neil Garfinkel is a New York closing attorney and he is on the advisory board of SSI. When asked about the Stewart program, he said as an attorney who does lots of closings, he thought it was a good idea. "I have nothing to hide, if anything I want to have that stamp of approval.
"I am tired of our name being dragged into the mud by other folks who aren't upstanding."
Houghton said that was the message he was getting out to his agents that they needed to help to elevate the perception of independent settlement service providers.
It is not just the national players that look carefully at agents. Patrick Stone, president and CEO of Williston Financial Group (parent company of WFG National Title Insurance Co. and WFG Lender Services), said, "WFG follows an exacting protocol for signing independent title agencies as well as boarding and administering those relationships. Accordingly, we only present one tier of agent to our lending clients. If we cannot guarantee the quality of an agent, then that agent will not be signed by WFG.
"In addition to our protocol, we maintain a set of monthly metrics that allows us to track individual agent behavior to a degree that provides an early warning system should something go awry. While WFG stands behind its title agents and guarantees their performance to the fullest extent possible, we strongly believe our system is as comprehensive and effective as any in the title insurance industry. We have one of the lowest loss ratios in the industry, which we believe testifies to the quality of our agent network."
The American Land Title Association has come out with a list of best practices, which Houghton noted are similar to Stewart's standards, but he emphasized what his company has is standards for agents to be held to.
But those best practices do not include a statement that the agent must maintain honesty and integrity above all else, which Stewart has as item No. 1, he said.
And those standards are not static; recently Stewart had a meeting to discuss tweaking those standards to meet changing business conditions, such as dealing with consumer complaints and data security.
Castellanos declared that vetting "is a not a bad thing as long as (the agents) are not going to bear an unfair financial cost of getting it done."
Liput said "vetting is here to stay, it is not going away" because of the new emphasis on risk management.
Abrams Garfinkel Margolis Bergson, LLP
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"The effects of arsine and stibine on some substances have been investigated by various workers and recorded without any attempt at systematic classification. In this work a more comprehensive study of the precipitating effect of arsine and stibine on common inorganic salts in certain solvents, namely, water, ethyl alcohol, ethyl ether, acetone, carbon disulphide, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and benzene has been made, with an attempt at reactivity classification"--Introduction, page 1.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 27).
© 1931 John Edgar Antener, All rights reserved.
Antener, John Edgar, "A qualitative study of arsine and stibine reactivity toward inorganic salts in certain solvents" (1931). Masters Theses. 6661.


Ava is ready to set Manhattan abuzz with her wedding. At least until she realizes her fiancé wants marriage for the wrong reasons, and maybe she does, too. In a move as daring as a red satin dress, she does the unthinkable–she calls it off, taking on more debt than she can afford and returning to the single life.
Beautiful is a dangerous thing to be when one is unprotected. That is a lesson Abigail learns well when her master's son, Jason, takes her to his bed. Jason's mother, Ester, may have educated her as a daughter instead of a slave, his father, Cleopas, may have obeyed Hebrew law rather than Roman in the running of his household, but none of that matters to their son. At least, it doesn't until he has a child of his own on the way.
What if life has no Plan B?
What if you discover that you are working the wrong plan for your life and failure is imminent? What if the very plan you are working so hard to achieve doesn t really exist and has never existed as an option in the mind of God? What if you were to discover there is no Plan B?


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Los Angeles Pop Art (also known as LA Pop Art) is an American company founded in 2004, currently headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada. The company creates text based artwork, entirely drawn by hand. By using text such as lyrics, lists of species and much more, Los Angeles Pop Art creates images out of the text that tell the story of that specific image.
The portfolio of designs are used for the manufacture of a number of products, which include many apparel products, tote bags and aprons. The portfolio has also licensed out to partner companies for the manufacture of a wide range of products that include everything from wall art to beach towels.
Los Angeles Pop Art has worked with some of the biggest names in music and film creating pieces for The Bob Marley Estate, Godfather, Rocky, Nirvana and many more A+ properties.
The work developed at Los Angeles Pop Art has been featured in top magazines such as Playboy, and Rolling Stone as well as in top rated TV and films like Breaking Bad, Weeds & The Sopranos.
Los Angeles Pop Art products can be found in some of the largest retail chains such as Macys, Walmart, Amazon and dozens more. As well as in major tourist attraction gift shops such as The San Diego Zoo, The Empire State Building and Johnson Space Center.
Some of Los Angeles Pop Art's original art is also included in major art collections and traveling exhibits, such as The Ronald Reagan Presidential Art Collection and The Amazing Collection at Ripley's Believe it Or Not museums.


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In 2019, ARS Rescue Rooter of DFW made the commitment to support the St. Jude mission through volunteerism, employee engagement, and financial gifts, including a $1 donation for every new "Like" on our local branches Facebook pages and a $25 donation for every new residential HVAC system installation.
Thanks to our customers and employees, we are proud to announce that we donated over $250,000 to St. Jude! This donation will continue to support St. Jude Children's Research Hospital ®as it leads the way the world understands, treats and defeats childhood cancer and other life-threatening diseases.
We could not have reached our goal without you! Thank you for being an ARS/Rescue Rooter customer and a supporter of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital!
About St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Treatments invented at St. Jude have helped push the overall childhood cancer survival rate from 20 percent to more than 80 percent since it opened more than 50 years ago. St. Jude is working to drive the overall survival rate for childhood cancer to 90 percent, and they won't stop until no child dies from cancer. Their mission is clear:
Finding cures. Saving children.®
Pictured: ARS/Rescue Rooter Team Proudly Presents St. Jude Children's Research Hospital with our first donation!
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We have been extremely lucky with the warm weather this winter, which is beneficial to our efficiency and productivity. For most of us, the cold, snowy winters can make it difficult to stick with productive habits and our routine. The darkness and cold, snowy weather will increase temptation to stay inside and huddle beneath the covers. Staying consistent during the cold winter months is hard but important.
When it's cold out, you don't want to be outdoors, so after a while you can get pretty bored being stuck inside. Consider planning for spring and summer vacations during the winter to get your mind of the cold and give you something to look forward to throughout the cold months.
As we said, it's common to feel the effects of cabin fever and to get a little stir crazy. Getting outside, even for a short amount of time, is important. Go for a walk around the neighborhood, or shovel the drive way/sidewalk. Exercise is always good and the sunlight will make you feel better.
Many of us add eating better to our New Year resolutions list, and this is crucial during the winter months. Because we tend to stay indoors more and the holiday foods are hard to avoid, our productivity at work during the winter months can be difficult. The fatty and sugary foods can make us feel tired and sluggish. Bringing healthy snacks and lunches to the office will help give you more energy to stay productive and alert.
The holidays are a busy time of year for us all. From parties, family gatherings and other obligations, we can easily be distracted from our normal routines. It's important to stick to a normal routine the best you can to reach your goals and complete all of your tasks.
Take advantage of the New Year and start it off in a fresh and productive way. It can be challenging getting back into the office after a few days off for the holidays and as weather gets colder it only makes it more difficult.
This entry was posted in Productivity and tagged productivity, routine, winter. Bookmark the permalink.


The rival of the Olympic champion Evgeniy Tishchenko (3-0, 2ko) at the RCC Boxing Promotions tournament in February has been replaced. Instead of the ex-champion of the Czech Republic Vatslav Paysar (13-7), he will meet with the ex-IBO champion Thomas Ostuidzen (28-2-2, 16ko).
Fight will take place on February 22 in Yekaterinburg in the main card of tournament. The eight-round fight will be held in the first heavyweight division. Earlier, Tishchenko's coach said that the Russian boxer is going to have from three to four fights in 2019 and will begin the way to the world champion title in one of the top boxing organizations.
Note that Ostuidezen should have met at the same tournament with Yuri Kashinsky, but the Russian heavyweight was injured in preparation for the fight and will not be able to go to ring.


The Sea Dragon Duo X2 Flash underwater lighting set includes two Sea Dragon Flashes, Flex-Connect Dual Tray and Grips - providing powerful lighting to bring out amazingly bright colors in your underwater photos. Reducing backscatter and eliminating shadows with twice the brightness, the X2 is universally compatible with all underwater cameras with an internal flash and standard tripod mount.
Variable power adjustment and large controls make it easy to fine tune brightness, while leaving the flash in Auto Mode automatically adjusts brightness for optimal exposure. Quick-release buttons detach flash heads for aiming in hard to reach areas.
The DC2000 features a large SONY® 1" type back-illuminated 20MP image sensor, RAW formatting capabilities, full manual controls, and more.
The Tray Adapter for Ikelite Housings connects Ikelite camera housings to the Flex-Connect Single or Dual Tray.
The Sea Dragon 2300 Auto Underwater Photo/Video/Dive Light provides 2300 lumens across a 100-degree beam angle and features Auto Bright Mode and Auto Flash Detect Mode.


This dissertation examines Nietzsche's treatment of truth, both in his earlier writings and continuing in his latter works, and explores its socio-political implications. While rejecting the correspondence theory of truth, it is argued that what Nietzsche conceived of as the Apollinian and Dionysian psychological states are significantly useful concepts to an understanding of what manner of persons populate the political landscape of contemporary capitalist societies. The study rejects the Apollinian reality purely as a constraint on the creative possibilities of interpreting and constructing new worldviews, while remaining attentive to the need for an alternative view placed in the service of truth and hence of valued life. The socioeconomic elations specific to capitalism are examined for their Apollinian characteristics, and the prevailing mode of production is thus taken up as a significant constraint against the potentials for human creativity and development. The implications of Nietzsche's notion of the Dionysian are introduced, and indeed conceived of as vital to the offering of a deconstructive moment in the domains of art, politics and economic governance. Emphasizing the metaphorical character of truths in the actually-existing world, the dissertation concludes with proposed strategies for the capture of the deconstructive moment, possible at the level of the complexly-layered dimensions of linguistic and cognitive play on offer at the conjuncture of Apollinian and Dionysian realities, and promising truly liberatory new conceptions of truth.


Guideline 10 / 05: Referat 10 - Vereinigung zur Förderung des Deutschen Brandschutzes e.V.
Guideline RL 10/05 is available with the following parts in the version of July 2004 as printed version and can be obtained from VdS in Cologne.
Due to the complexity of the topic the guideline "Hazardous substances detection during fire service operations" has been divided into three parts.
Equipment recommendations are provided for the location-dependent selection of suitable device technologies. Device technology requirements for devices for the detection of CBRN/Hazmat substances, which are suitable for use by fire brigades, are described and definitions are given for taking samples. Technical parameters of the CBRN/Hazmat exploration vehicles are included.
Tactical mission specifications for the use of sampling suitable for fire brigades and detection methods as well asdefinitions for mission tactics are provided. Application cases are described which necessitate the detection of hazardous substances or sampling by the mission teams of the fire brigades.
Functions and the demarcation of tasks are defined: - measuring team (execution of the operational task) - head of measuring mission section (management and evaluation) - expert consultant (evaluation and interpretation) - chief of operation (overall responsibility). Minimum qualifications and training content for the respective functions are defined.
Information sheets are being prepared for parts of this guideline to provide practical details on the topics measuring+evaluation+communication and quality of training.
Based on practical experience the guideline is to be generally reviewed and revised from 2013 on. Practical feedback is welcome. Please send comments and suggestions to Dr. Ingrid Mieling.


SSO Easy provides your company with secure access to Brightspace, while enabling authentication via ColdFusion, or via countless other login sources, while leveraging SAML 2.0. Employees can access Brightspace with just one click following their initial login to ColdFusion, or any other authentication source. Administrators can control and easily manage who has access to Brightspace. SSO Easy's Brightspace Single Sign-On (SSO) solution with the desired authentication integration, while leveraging SAML 2.0, is easy-to-use and fast to deploy, with free setup and support.
Users log in once, allowing them to launch Brightspace and numerous other web apps with a single click of a link. Single sign-on helps employees save time, prevents lost or forgotten passwords, and reduces the risk of password phishing for your organization.
D2L is the company that created Brightspace: the online teaching and learning platform thatí¿ŒËŒ_s easy, flexible, and smart. Our technology is used by more than 1,100 clients and 15 million learners in higher education,Kí¿ŒËŒ_12, healthcare, government, and the enterprise sector.


Aerodynamic cut with a second-skin, 6-panel fit made specifically for triathletes. Discrete TriLastic™ chamois gives you the support you need on the bike but doesn't interfere with your swim and run. Available with fun printed panels which match up perfectly to the Polkamania Tri Top and Polkamania Bra!


Debbie Allen had waited almost 13 years for a kidney transplant before finding out her cousin Adam was a match.
Debbie, 48, has suffered chronic kidney disease since developing septicaemia in 2003 and underwent a series of operations before doctors told her she needed the life-saving operation.
But Adam, a Tottenham Hotspur fan, already had a cunning plan for his cousin. "He told me he wanted me to switch teams," continues Debbie, a lifelong Arsenal supporter.
"That was never going to happen but on the day before the operation I surprised him by turning up in a signed Spurs shirt with my name on the back.
"He's saved my life. The least I can do is wear the shirt as a 'soccerifice' but I know nothing will ever be enough."
Through their social media campaign Debbie and Adam have gained news articles in a number of national newspapers and have also been interviewed on TalkSport radio.
They are hoping to raise awareness of live kidney donation and urge more people to sign the organ donor register.
"People who donate their organs truly are lifesavers. Without them, people like myself could have a limited lifespan or would have to spend their lives on a dialysis machine three times a week unable to lead a normal life," says Debbie.
Debbie is fundraising for Kidney Research UK through her JustGiving page.
For more information about chronic kidney disease, click here.


I have 2 bed flat to rent in Balnagask ( Torry area), central heating (£12 /week), access to drying room and free parking. Lidl and Tesco whitin 15min and city centre whitin 30mins walking distance, easy acces to first and stagecoach buses (12, 59 every 10mins), local shops in close neighbourhood.
I'm interested in 2 bedroom apartment Balnagask circle, Aberdeen.


Insolvency rates in the construction sector are among the highest, meaning firms need to take steps to protect themselves from contractor insolvency.
Figures from insolvency and restructuring trade body R3 reveal that 47% of construction firms took a financial hit as a result of another firm's insolvency in the first half of 2018.
That is in addition to a quarter‐on‐quarter trend which shows contraction across the sector, as stagnating house price growth slows output among house builders, coupled with reduced spending on infrastructure.
Due diligence becomes key for construction firms as measures need to be taken to gain a full and complete understanding of a supplier's finances.
Credit checks and company references can provide a degree of information, while it's also important to check a contractor's payment processes.
If payments to subcontractors or suppliers are being delayed, for example, it could be disguising wider financial issues.
Using a higher percentage of retention could also be used as an incentive to ensure that construction works are completed on time and on specification.
The contractual practice provides a degree of security should work not be done to standard, as a proportion of the payment can held back if required.
Further protection can come in the form of warranties that are procured from the contractors involved in the projects.
Those involved may also benefit from step‐in rights in an instance of contractor insolvency, providing the project lead with the ability to appoint or sub‐contract as required.
The key for firms is to manage contracts effectively in order to mitigate the risks that could be attached.
This should mean that a degree of financial protection exists should a contractor enter insolvency or an alternative financial issue appear.
If short‐term cash flow issues result, there are a range of alternative finance options with various costs and structures that may be applicable.
A company may also wish to consider an independent business review to highlight specific areas of risk relating to their finances, forecasts or assets.


text:
Galliot war eine französische Automarke.

Unternehmensgeschichte
Das Unternehmen Société d'Allumagne Électrique et d'Accessoires aus Paris begann 1908 mit der Produktion von Automobilen, die als Galliot vermarktet wurden. Konstrukteur war Norbert Galliot. 1908 oder 1911 endete die Produktion. 1911 existierte das Unternehmen noch.

Fahrzeuge

Das einzige Modell war ein Tandemzweisitzer, in dem der Fahrer hinten saß. Motor und Kühler waren zwischen den Sitzen montiert. Die Kraftübertragung zur Hinterachse erfolgte über eine Kette. Anfangs kam ein Einzylindermotor zum Einsatz, später ein Dreizylinder-Sternmotor von Anzani. Der Radstand betrug 2600 mm und die Spurweite 1100 mm.

Literatur

 George Nicholas Georgano: Autos. Encyclopédie complète. 1885 à nos jours. Courtille, Paris 1975 (französisch).

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Ehemaliger Pkw-Hersteller (Frankreich)
Ehemaliges Unternehmen (Paris)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
What is Your Favorite Brand of HcG?
Pharma Testosterone Replacement
readalot September 2, 2022, 3:00pm #21
Might take a while to find out if you had a bad batch.
Dmx8877 September 3, 2022, 12:03am #22
Prions? That causes Mad Cow Disease - doesn't it?
Have there been any reported cases of such badly tainted hormones?
Solidwillie September 3, 2022, 11:57am #23
Yes there has, its rare. Yes mad cow but that shit is no joke. I knew a surgen that got that shit when he was visiting England and ate some cow. He is dead now. Totally obliterated him. Super sad.
Yes there are reported cases from hcg.
mr_america January 17, 2023, 3:35pm #24
Do y'all still continue to use compounded HCG? Just wondering if it's changed for 2023. My provider has gone to pregnyl.
roadie January 17, 2023, 9:53pm #25
Question aside, get some labs. I'd bet my house your e2 (estrogen), is crashed to near nothing.
2mg per week to put it into a basic context is the anastrozole equivalent of drinking a bottle of whiskey every night, compared to most people drinking a glass of red wine or a beer a few times a week (normal anastrazole use in this context).
General consensus on here a fairly hefty doesage of anastrazole that could still be effective for some people would be about 0.75mg per week taken as three dosages of 0.25mg.
I use a out 0.4mg per week to put my estrogen about mid range (test at about 175mg per week).
Keep asking-
For your info Highpull who was answering you (free of charge), is a practicing TRT physician.
highpull January 17, 2023, 11:14pm #26
mr_america:
Do y'all still continue to use compounded HCG? Just wondering if it's changed for 2023.
Yes. I'm not aware of any change.
lamehack January 18, 2023, 4:06pm #27
I also do 200mg/T week. no AI. i feel like shit on HCG. first week is good, then super anxious, overstimulated. I use empower HCG (still got left-overs). so i don't think brand matters? I was hoping there a different HCG like pregnyl will do the job. but this shit is expensive too.
If you don't mind me asking, who is your provider? I'm hesitant to go on Pregnyl, as apparently it's the non-compounded version of HCG? Not sure if that even makes a difference.
highpull January 22, 2023, 8:49pm #29
who is your provider?
We currently use Empower.
Not sure if that even makes a difference.
There is no difference, except cost.
mr_america January 25, 2023, 3:47am #30
Thank you for your response…Have a question regarding HCG protocol. Was wondering if instead of taking 1000iu, three times a week (what I'm about to begin in an effort to gain fertility while on trt), taking 500iu everyday would be better. Or in general, why every protocol I've seen never advises smaller but daily dosages, instead of larger but less frequent. Like with taking testosterone, to me it makes more sense to inject daily as opposed to 2-3 times a week. Is it just a matter of convenience?
Was wondering if instead of taking 1000iu, three times a week (what I'm about to begin in an effort to gain fertility while on trt), taking 500iu everyday would be better. Or in general, why every protocol I've seen never advises smaller but daily dosages,
Because it is not necessary. Given the half life, 30-36 hours, 2-3 doses weekly would be fine. You can take it daily, certainly no harm in it, just won't make any difference in the outcome. That does not mean there isn't someone who will report feeling better with more frequent dosing.
Like with taking testosterone, to me it makes more sense to inject daily as opposed to 2-3 times a week.
Given the half life of testosterone, with the various esters, it makes less sense to inject daily. The esters are designed to make less frequent dosing possible. Years ago, when there was a water based product, the daily dosing made sense and having used aqueous testosterone at that time, I can attest to that. It hit you quickly and was gone quickly as well. With the esters, while some find they do better with 3+ weekly injections, most are fine with one or two. Testosterone is a steroid hormone, slow acting, long lasting. However, I do not object to daily injections if someone wants to do it.
Is it just a matter of convenience?
For some, yes. When discussing various options with new patients, some opt for weekly injections solely for convenience.
Thank you again. When I took TRT (160mg to start, then upped to 190) once a week, I felt like superman for the first 4 days or so. Then noticed a big drop off, maybe around day 5-6. Had labs done on the 7th day, and my provider wanted to up my dosage to 210. Didn't seem right. When I switched over to about 18mg daily (subq, opposed to muscular), I felt a lot better and my labs (done in the morning and once about midday) showed higher T levels than when I was on a much higher dosage. I assume it's because of the drop off from day 1 to day 7, when the once a week labs were done. Does this make sense to you? I understand it stays in your system for a while, but just feel there are less peaks and valleys, and more of a balance when done daily.
mnben87 January 25, 2023, 4:17pm #33
my labs (done in the morning and once about midday) showed higher T levels than when I was on a much higher dosage. I assume it's because of the drop off from day 1 to day 7, when the once a week labs were done.
I understand it stays in your system for a while, but just feel there are less peaks and valleys, and more of a balance when done daily.
There are a lot more peaks and valleys when done daily. A peak and a valley for every shot (7 per week). Once a week has a peak and a valley once.
The difference is the peak with once a week is higher and valley lower vs the multiple mini peaks and mini valleys.
What 10 mg/day looks like:
What 70 mg once per week looks like:
Some guys handle the variation between peak and trough well. Some seem to need more stable levels. I'd say if once a week is leaving you feeling not great after 4-5 days, to try twice a week.
mnben87:
Oh yes. Wasn't thinking, as that's what I meant. Very well explained and thanks for the graphs!
Does this make sense to you?
Yes, lower peaks, but higher valleys. Whatever works for you is good.


text:
module Remarkable
  module DSL
    # This module is responsable for create optional handlers and providing macro
    # configration blocks. Consider the matcher below:
    #
    #   class AllowValuesForMatcher < Remarkable::ActiveRecord::Base
    #     arguments :collection => :attributes, :as => :attribute
    #
    #     optional :message
    #     optional :in, :splat => true
    #     optional :allow_nil, :allow_blank, :default => true
    #   end
    #
    # This allow the matcher to be called as:
    #
    #   it { should allow_values_for(:email).in("jose.valim@gmail.com", "jose@another.com").message(:invalid).allow_nil }
    #
    # It also allow macros to be configured with blocks:
    #
    #   should_allow_values_for :email do |m|
    #     m.message :invalid
    #     m.allow_nil
    #     m.in "jose.valim@gmail.com"
    #     m.in "jose@another.com"
    #   end
    #
    # Which could be also writen as:
    #
    #   should_allow_values_for :email do |m|
    #     m.message = :invalid
    #     m.allow_nil = true
    #     m.in = [ "jose.valim@gmail.com", "jose@another.com" ]
    #   end
    #
    # The difference between the them are: 1) optional= always require an argument
    # even if :default is given. 2) optional= always overwrite all previous values
    # even if :splat is given.
    #
    # Blocks can be also given when :block => true is set:
    #
    #   should_set_session :user_id do |m|
    #     m.to { @user.id }
    #   end
    #
    # == I18n
    #
    # Optionals will be included in description messages if you assign them
    # properly on your locale file. If you have a validate_uniqueness_of
    # matcher with the following on your locale file:
    #
    #   description: validate uniqueness of {{attributes}}
    #   optionals:
    #     scope:
    #       positive: scoped to {{inspect}}
    #     case_sensitive:
    #       positive: case sensitive
    #       negative: case insensitive
    #
    # When invoked like below will generate the following messages:
    #
    #   validate_uniqueness_of :project_id, :scope => :company_id
    #   #=> "validate uniqueness of project_id scoped to :company_id"
    #
    #   validate_uniqueness_of :project_id, :scope => :company_id, :case_sensitive => true
    #   #=> "validate uniqueness of project_id scoped to :company_id and case sensitive"
    #
    #   validate_uniqueness_of :project_id, :scope => :company_id, :case_sensitive => false
    #   #=> "validate uniqueness of project_id scoped to :company_id and case insensitive"
    #
    # == Interpolation options
    #
    # The default interpolation options available are "inspect" and "value". Whenever
    # you use :splat => true, it also adds a new interpolation option called {{sentence}}.
    #
    # Given the following matcher call:
    #
    #   validate_uniqueness_of :id, :scope => [ :company_id, :project_id ]
    #
    # The following yml setting and outputs are:
    #
    #    scope:
    #      positive: scoped to {{inspect}}
    #      # Outputs: "validate uniqueness of project_id scoped to [ :company_id, :project_id ]"
    #
    #      positive: scoped to {{value}}
    #      # Outputs: "validate uniqueness of project_id scoped to company_idproject_id"
    #
    #      positive: scoped to {{value}}
    #      # Outputs: "validate uniqueness of project_id scoped to company_id and project_id"
    #
    # == Interpolation keys
    #
    # Three keys are available to be used in I18n files and control how optionals
    # are appended to your description:
    #
    #   * <tt>positive</tt> - When the optional is given and it evaluates to true (everything but false and nil).
    #   * <tt>negative</tt> - When the optional is given and it evaluates to false (false or nil).
    #   * <tt>not_given</tt> - When the optional is not given.
    #
    module Optionals

      OPTIONAL_KEYS = [ :positive, :negative, :not_given ]

      def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
        base.extend ClassMethods
      end

      module ClassMethods

        protected

          # Creates optional handlers for matchers dynamically.
          #
          # == Options
          #
          # * <tt>:default</tt> - The default value for this optional
          # * <tt>:alias</tt>  - An alias for this optional
          # * <tt>:splat</tt>  - Should be true if you expects multiple arguments
          # * <tt>:block</tt>  - Tell this optional can also receive blocks
          #
          # == Examples
          #
          #   class AllowValuesForMatcher < Remarkable::ActiveRecord::Base
          #     arguments :collection => :attributes, :as => :attribute
          #
          #     optional :message
          #     optional :in, :splat => true
          #     optional :allow_nil, :allow_blank, :default => true
          #   end
          #
          def optionals(*names)
            options = names.extract_options!

            @matcher_optionals += names
            default = options[:default] ? "=#{options[:default].inspect}" : nil

            block = if options[:block]
              @matcher_optionals_block += names
              default ||= "=nil"
              ', &block'
            else
              nil
            end

            splat = if options[:splat]
              @matcher_optionals_splat += names
              '*'
            else
              nil
            end

            names.each do |name|
              class_eval <<-END, __FILE__, __LINE__
                def #{name}(#{splat}value#{default}#{block})
                  @options ||= {}
                  #{"@options[:#{name}] ||= []" if splat}
                  @options[:#{name}] #{:+ if splat}= #{"block ||" if block} value
                  self
                end
                def #{name}=(value)
                  @options ||= {}
                  @options[:#{name}] = value
                  self
                end
              END
            end

            class_eval %{
              alias :#{options[:alias]} :#{names.last}
              alias :#{options[:alias]}= :#{names.last}=
            } if options[:alias]

            # Call unique to avoid duplicate optionals.
            @matcher_optionals.uniq!
          end
          alias :optional :optionals

          # Instead of appending, prepend optionals to the beginning of optionals
          # array. This is important because the optionals declaration order
          # changes how the description message is generated.
          #
          def prepend_optionals(*names)
            current_optionals  = @matcher_optionals.dup
            @matcher_optionals = []
            optional(*names)
            @matcher_optionals += current_optionals
            @matcher_optionals.uniq!
          end
          alias :prepend_optional :prepend_optionals

      end

      # Overwrites description to support optionals. Check <tt>optional</tt> for
      # more information.
      #
      def description(options={}) #:nodoc:
        message = super(options)
        message.strip!

        optionals = self.class.matcher_optionals.map do |optional|
          if @options.key?(optional)
            value = @options[optional]

            defaults = [ (value ? :positive : :negative) ]
            # If optional is a symbol and it's not any to any of the reserved symbols, search for it also
            defaults.unshift(value) if value.is_a?(Symbol) && !OPTIONAL_KEYS.include?(value)
            defaults << ''

            options = { :default => defaults, :inspect => value.inspect, :value => value.to_s }

            if self.class.matcher_optionals_splat.include?(optional)
              value = [ value ] unless Array === value
              options[:sentence] = array_to_sentence(value, true)
            end

            translate_optionals_with_namespace(optional, defaults.shift, options)
          else
            translate_optionals_with_namespace(optional, :not_given, :default => '')
          end
        end.compact

        message << ' ' << array_to_sentence(optionals)
        message.strip!
        message
      end

      def translate_optionals_with_namespace(optional, key, options={}) #:nodoc:
        scope = "#{matcher_i18n_scope}.optionals.#{optional}"

        translation = Remarkable.t key, options.merge!(:scope => scope)
        return translation unless translation.empty?

        parent_scope = scope.split('.')
        parent_scope.delete_at(-3)
        translation = Remarkable.t key, options.merge!(:scope => parent_scope)
        return translation unless translation.empty?

        nil
      end

    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: PHP Cant get the count of array child elements I am trying to get the count and values of stocklevels from the following
Array ( [barcodes] => Array ( [barcode] => 10011010009 ) [basePrice] => 25.00 [customFields] => Array ( ) [description] => CBC-CBCJSW [discontinued] => false [PLU] => CBC Boy's Shirt 20 [priceLevels] => Array ( ) [primaryCategory] => CBC- Boys Shirts [productLineName] => CBC Boy's Shirt 20 [promptPOSOperatorForPrice] => false [sellByWeightOption] => false [stock] => Array ( [stockLevel] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [outletExportCode] => Level1 [stockCount] => 500.000000 ) [1] => Array ( [outletExportCode] => Level2 [stockCount] => 1000.000000 ) ) ) [taxes] => Array ( [taxName] => GST ) )

I have tried the following and i get 1 as the count all the time even if there are 2 levels in the array:
 count($ra['stock']['stockLevel']['stockCount']);
 count($ra['stock']['stockLevel']);

Also, i am trying to loop through the results to get teh stockcount but it doesnt seem to work:
    $stockLevelArr[] = $ra['stock'];
        $totalStock = 0;

    for($i=0;$i<count($stockLevelArr);$i++){

        echo $ra['productLineName'] . ' - Stock outside IF: ' . (int) $stockLevelArr[$i]['stockLevel']['stockCount'];
        echo '
';

        if (isset($stockLevelArr[$i]['stockLevel']['stockCount'])) {
            $totalStock = $totalStock + $stockLevelArr[$i]['stockLevel']['stockCount'];
        }
    }

    echo 'Stock count: ' . $totalStock;
    echo '
';

var dump
array(13) { ["barcodes"]=> array(1) { ["barcode"]=> string(11) "10011010009" } ["basePrice"]=> string(5) "25.00" ["customFields"]=> array(0) { } ["description"]=> string(10) "CBC-CBCJSW" ["discontinued"]=> string(5) "false" ["PLU"]=> string(18) "CBC Boy's Shirt 20" ["priceLevels"]=> array(0) { } ["primaryCategory"]=> string(16) "CBC- Boys Shirts" ["productLineName"]=> string(18) "CBC Boy's Shirt 20" ["promptPOSOperatorForPrice"]=> string(5) "false" ["sellByWeightOption"]=> string(5) "false" ["stock"]=> array(1) { ["stockLevel"]=> array(2) { [0]=> array(2) { ["outletExportCode"]=> string(13) "Tara Uniforms" ["stockCount"]=> string(10) "500.000000" } [1]=> array(2) { ["outletExportCode"]=> string(3) "CBC" ["stockCount"]=> string(11) "1000.000000" } } } ["taxes"]=> array(1) { ["taxName"]=> string(3) "GST" } }

I will appreciate any help.
UPDATE: Following worked. Thanks everyone for your replies and assistance.
    $totalStock = 0;

    $times_found = 0;
    $stock = $ra['stock'];
    foreach($stock['stockLevel'] as $stock_level) {
        if(isset($stock_level['stockCount'])) {
            $times_found++;
            $totalStock = $totalStock + $stock_level['stockCount'];
        }
    }

A: I'm assuming you mean you want to know how many times stockCount is within the array? If so, I'd use array to loop through each index of the array and increment a variable each time it's found. For example:
$times_found = 0;
foreach($ra['stock'] as $stock) {
    foreach($stock['stockLevel'] as $stock_level) {
        if(isset($stock_level['stockCount'])) {
            $times_found++;
        }
    }
}

A: You should count recursive to get all the keys in the count:
count($ra, COUNT_RECURSIVE);
See also the php manual https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.count.php
And I think you should change your for loop to this:
<?php

$totalStock = 0;

foreach ($ra['stock'] as $stock) {

   echo $ra['productLineName'] . ' - Stock outside IF: ' . (int) $stock['stockLevel']['stockCount'];
   echo '
';

   if (isset($stock['stockLevel']['stockCount'])) {
       $totalStock = $totalStock + $stock['stockLevel']['stockCount'];
   }
}

echo 'Stock count: ' . $totalStock;
echo '
';

Instead of the for loop, dont know why you did use that, you better use the foreach in this example.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Portsmouth woman indicted after gunshot wounds person on Wedgewood Road.
Ian Lenahan
Portsmouth Herald
PORTSMOUTH — A Portsmouth woman is facing two charges in connection with a gunfire incident that resulted in a person being shot on Wedgewood Road in late June.
A Rockingham County Superior Court grand jury indicted Llynya Louise Leon-Green, 23, in November on a second degree assault charge and for reckless conduct with a deadly weapon.
The 31 Wedgewood Road resident is accused of shooting an unidentified victim in the abdomen with an unspecified firearm on June 27.
More:Intoxicated driving arrests and crashes up in Portsmouth: Why and what police say about it
City police reported that same day that the department responded to 31 Wedgewood Road for a reported accidental gunfire incident. A 19-year-old woman had been shot in the incident, prompting multiple 911 calls, though Portsmouth police stated at the time she was brought to Portsmouth Regional Hospital and was in stable condition.
The incident occurred shortly after midnight. Witnesses told police that the gun had been accidentally discharged, the Portsmouth Police Department noted in June.
Both charges against Leon-Green were direct indictments and no affidavit detailing the incident was filed, according to Rockingham County Attorney Patricia Conway.
An indictment means the grand jury found there is enough evidence to warrant a trial.
Wedgewood Road is part of the 124-unit Gosling Meadows neighborhood, one of the Portsmouth Housing Authority's properties.
A conviction for reckless conduct with a deadly weapon is a lesser sentencing in comparison to that of a second degree assault, Conway noted. The maximum sentencing for reckless conduct with a deadly weapon is three-and-a-half to seven years in jail, as opposed to a maximum three to 20-year sentence for second degree assault.
Leon-Green's criminal case is being prosecuted by attorney Patricia Peters, per the Superior Court. Peters did not return a request for comment.
Conway said Leon-Green does not yet have a lawyer. She is scheduled to be arraigned at the Rockingham County Superior Court in Brentwood on Friday, Dec. 16 at 1 p.m.
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During the design process a lot of assumptions are being made. The goal of user testing is to find out what your customers think. User testing is a critical phase of the service design process: getting the prototype into the hands of the people you're designing for. Without input from the end-user it's impossible to know if a service innovation is on target or not. Feedback from users is used as fuel to evolve your design.
After the tests you leave with a customer journey that is actually validated. That's most valuable for our organisation.
Want to get valuable feedback at an early stage?


This report addresses some of the frequently asked historical, constitutional, procedural, and legal questions concerning the Federal income tax.
The constitutional questions include a discussion of: Congress's taxing power; the difference between a direct and an indirect tax; Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination and tax returns; Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable searches and seizures and tax collection practices; Thirteenth Amendment protections against involuntary servitude and tax withholding; Equal Protection and Due Process questions; and the legality of the ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment.
Other questions addressed include: whether title 26 of the United States Code is positive law; the taxability of wages; the voluntary or involuntary nature of the income tax; what is meant by the income tax "being in the nature of an excise tax;" when was the Internal Revenue Service established; the authority of the Internal Revenue Service to operate outside of the District of Columbia; what is meant by the term United States or United States citizen in the context of the Internal Revenue Code; what is the "Liberty Amendment;" the use of the revenues raised through the Federal tax on telephone usage; taxation without representation; the repeal of the original withholding act; and the frivolous tax return penalty.
This report is an update and revision of CRS Report by Howard Zaritsky entitled Some Constitutional Questions Regarding The Federal Income Tax Laws: issued as report 79-131, dated May 26, 1979; updated by Mr. Zaritsky as report 80-19, January 17, 1980; and updated again by John R. Luckey as report 84-168, September 26, 1984.


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Start off your collection with these five essential design books.
Heading off to uni this year, and looking for recommendations for books to keep you inspired? Or just bored of the set texts on your reading list and keen to expand your mind further?
26 books every graphic designer should read
The following five books will add real-world context to your studies, give you that extra spark of inspiration, and help you hit the ground running as a more rounded designer when you enter the industry.
01. How to be a Graphic Designer, Without Losing Your Soul
Design consultant and writer Adrian Shaughnessy's seminal text is a no-nonsense career manual to help lead you through the perks and pitfalls of the modern design industry.
As the title implies, at the core is the premise that once you graduate and take your first steps into professional life, there's a risk of settling into mindless and unfulfilling bread-and-butter projects if you're not careful.
Shaughnessy's book is a manual for independent-minded designers who prefer to work on something more meaningful and rewarding, and as such is packed with the kind of advice you won't get taught at college.
This revised 2010 edition includes chapters covering professional skills, the creative process, and global trends: including green issues, ethics and the rise of digital culture.
02. A Smile in the Mind
A Smile in the Mind was fast-established as one of the most influential design books when it was published in 1996, and was given an overhaul 20 years later under the watchful eye of The Partners' ECD Greg Quinton.
While How to Be a Graphic Designer, Without Losing Your Soul will shore up your business savvy and get you ready for the machinations of the industry, A Smile in the Mind is visual stimulation for the mind: a springboard for ideas-driven design.
Ultimately, the book establishes wit as the magic ingredient to develop a truly engaging brand, as illustrated by an extensive selection of inspirational projects from around the world over the last four decades. All told, a great reference for developing and strengthening your ideas.
03. Branding In Five-and-a-Half Steps
Johnson Banks' recent 'open-source' rebrand of Mozilla put the award-winning agency's thorough creative process firmly in the public eye, inviting comment and critique from the public at large.
In a similar spirit of transparency, creative director Michael Johnson lays bare the wisdom of over two decades at the forefront of the branding industry with his 2016 book Branding In Five-and-a-Half Steps - an invaluable manual about the creative process.
For Johnson, there was a perfect sweet-spot in between the many dense tomes on brand strategy, and the equally prolific inspirational showcases - a book that demystifies the links and overlaps between the two, and is both practical and inspirational.
In it, he breaks down the five steps in Johnson Banks' branding process - including a fluid 'half—step' between strategy and design - and explains how it all works, from the perspective of a world-class studio.
04. How to use graphic design to sell things, explain things, make things look better, make people laugh, make people cry, and (every once in a while) change the world
If the 10-word title of Shaughnessy's book isn't quite wordy enough for your newly established design bookshelf, up steps Michael Bierut to triple it.
In 2015, the veteran designer and Pentagram New York partner puts a fresh twist on the conventional monograph here, by treating it as a combination of manual and manifesto.
Using 35 projects by way of demonstration, Bierut illustrates the varied role that graphic design plays in the modern world, from his own invariably entertaining perspective.
By including rough sketches and rejected ideas alongside the finished work, he also makes the towering success of his career much more accessible to anyone at the start of theirs - and the book is packed with insights into the creative process.
05. Graphic Design Rants and Raves
So far your new bookshelf will help you refine your creative process and forge a meaningful career in design that's driven by ideas and substance rather than eye-candy and fluff.
Our final recommended addition is also the newest book on our list: a fascinating 2017 anthology of thought-provoking essays by art director, author and lecturer Steven Heller that will help hone your critical edge and question the changing role of design in the wider world.
Covering the full spectrum of graphic design and related art and culture, Heller's 40-plus essays cover everything from the relationship between design and sex to the role of design in the recent US Presidential race.
Read these five highly-recommended books, and you'll be well on the way to becoming a well-rounded, 21st-century designer when you graduate.
Labels: CORELDRAW TUTORIALS, INSPIRING ARTICLES, USEFUL TIPS


We left River Dunes around 8:45 after waiting in the checkout line. Then it was an easy trip down to Morehead City Yacht basin with a little motor sailing. The current at the yacht basin was approaching 2 knots and they assigned us crosswind down current slip a shot way down the fairway. Not the most graceful landing, but we didn't hit anyone. We took a taxi over to Beaufort and visited their museum and enjoyed their exhibit of artifacts from the Queen Anne's Revenge; Blackbeard's ship. Then a stroll on the docks, a bit of shopping and a great dinner at Aqua. Here are a few pix.


Tilt switches are used in numerous industries, such as aviation, agricultural, military equipment, and many others. Mercury-free tilt switches can even be employed in the toy industry. Even though these switches seem simple, it's hard to imagine numerous complex equipment without them.
If you are sourcing on behalf of a company and looking for anti-tilt switches, as they are sometimes known, it's obvious to invest in factory-made products. However, if you are planning a DIY project, learning how to make a simple tilt switch may be highly useful.
What are the most common mistakes you should avoid when creating your own tilt switch?
You only need a few components to make a durable and functional tilt switch. However, investing in low-quality materials could drastically reduce the longevity and the functionality of the switch.
For example, taking the metal ball from an old bearing may seem to be a wonderful cost-cutting idea. However, old bearings may be damaged thus reducing the rolling capacity of the ball. Consider buying all new materials for a tilt switch instead of using old ones.
A tube is the simplest part of the tilt switch. However, if you don't fit it to the correct length, the sensor won't work properly. According to specialists from Select Controls, the length of the tube is one of the most important factors to consider when making a switch. You can see professionally manufactured tilt switches and anti-tilt switches through http://www.select-controls.com/, if you are looking for some good examples.
Depending on the project you are working on, a tube that is too long may delay the switching process, thus reducing the quality of the sensor.
When you are working on a DIY tilt switch project, it's important to get pins as wide as possible in order to ensure proper contact with the ball when the device tilts. Thin pins and a small ball won't make a proper connection for the switch to work.
If you already have a small ball, invest in thick pins strips. Thin pins are a good choice for narrow tubes.
Using one ball is not always an ideal way to get the switch to work properly. If you are unsure of the size of the ball or would like to ensure a stronger connection, you may want to use several balls inside the tube.
The number of balls can increase depending on the length of the tube. If you have to work with a long tube, consider getting many balls with a smaller diameter.
Mercury balls have their advantages. For example, they make less noise. However, it has been proven that such balls are toxic to the environment. Working with them may not be good for your health.
Creating a tilt switch is easier than you think as long as you follow the guidelines. If something doesn't seem to be working right, check out the above points. One simple mistake can prevent the sensor from doing its job, so make sure you're giving this project careful attention.


�I LOVE fall. Everything about it makes my heart get all giddy. The cooler weather and the crisp fall breeze, cozy nights in with your family, pumpkin EVERYTHING, crockpot meals and football nights, hoodies, boots... UGH!�� I'm so ready!
�You know what else I'm excited/ready/dying for? Fall minis! Our annual event is coming up in just a couple of short months. Last year we had an OUTSTANDING amount of bookings that we had to add a second day and sold out within 36 hours!!!
We'll notify you first and give you FIRST dibs before anyone else!
Thank you! We can't wait to work with you!


text:
Technical How-Tos
Action-Adventure Games
Len Cannon
Let me tell you about me. All about me.
Actually, no, that invites stalkers and miscreants. Let me tell you about you. You're reading this, so you must be an attractive, intelligent, go-getter. The cream of the crop. Queen Bee. Why, you ask? Why am I so special?
Because your taste is excellent. You're here, we're together. We've made it baby. We've made it together. You and me, princes of the world.
Now that you feel obligated to read because I've made you feel good about yourself, you should know what you're getting into. I like deep meditation on things of little value and lists with numbers in them.
Don't like that? You're lying, you love it. Stay with me, we'll be in charge of this joint in a month.
Be sure to join me in the coming weeks on my alternate account, Nerds at Home. I'll be writing about food, home improvement, and will be covering some more indepth topics about nerd hobbies over there. You can expect the same amount of semi-regular updates here with video game buyers guides, funny lists, and other cool stuff.
Len is also available for freelance writing engagements, if you're into that sort of thing. Contact him through the e-mail function to the right.
Persona 4 Boss Guide Walkthrough Part 3: Heaven, Twisted Inaba, Yomotsu Hirasaka
By Len Cannon
"Persona 4" Boss Guide
"Persona 4" Boss FAQ: Beat the Toughest Enemies
Top Mystery-Solving Adventure Games for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360
The Top 10 Best Nintendo DS RPGs: Role Playing at Its Finest on the DS
LGBT Video Game Characters
Winning Castle Wars 2 Multiplayer: Tips, Hints, Decks, and Strategy
Beginner's Guide to "X-Com": UFO Defense Tips and Tricks
Where to Find All Party Members and Companions in "Dragon Age: Awakening"
Where to Find All Party Members and Companions in "Dragon Age: Origins"
What Is the Difference Between Xbox 360 Models?


The scientist who helped discover the Ebola virus has said he would sit next to an infected patient on the London Underground and that the outbreak in West Africa was unlikely to trigger a major global pandemic.
Professor Peter Piot, director of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, told AFP that a lack of trust in authorities in West Africa had contributed to the world's largest ever outbreak of the pathogen.
The former executive director of the United Nations HIV/AIDS programme UNAIDS said he did not believe the virus would give rise to a major pandemic, even if an infected person flew to Europe or the US.
"Spreading in the population here, I'm not that worried about it," he said.
Piot discovered Ebola in 1976, as a 27-year-old researcher working in Antwerp. He was sent a blood sample from a Catholic nun who had died in what was then Zaire, and is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
He later visited Yambuku village, approximately 600 miles north of the modern-day capital city of Kinshasa, where an epidemic had gripped the locals. The majority of infections were among women aged between 20 and 30, centred around a pre-natal consultation clinic.
The virus, they discovered, was being spread through the reuse of infected needles on pregnant women, as well as through the funeral preparation process.
"Someone who dies is washed, the body is laid out but you do this with bare hands. Someone who died from Ebola, that person is covered with virus because of vomitus, diarrhea, blood," explains Piot, adding that the same thing was now happening in the most recent outbreak.
He said the history of Sierra Leone and Liberia, which has seen over 224 and 130 fatalities respectively since February, was hindering efforts to tackle the virus.
He added that officials should test experimental vaccines on people with the virus so that the world is prepared when it returns.
"I think that the time is now, at least in capitals, to offer this kind of treatment for compassionate use but also to find out if it works so that for the next epidemic, we are ready.


Our mediatiors are here to answer any questions you may have, Contact us today!
This simple guide to divorce will help you to dispel some of the myths surrounding divorce. We aim to make the process transparent and easy to understand and here we provide our very own 'mythbusters' that can help you to make divorce quick, easy and painless. In any case, please contact us as our mediators will be happy to help with your questions and queries.
A: This is not necessarily the case. Unless a solicitor has drafted a consent order, there is the potential to make legal claims against the assets of the other party for years after you have been divorced.
Q: If my ex-partner does not pay their child maintenance I can keep them from seeing the children.
A: This is not the case, the two things are quite separate from a legal perspective. Only the Child Support Agency can help you initially in terms of unpaid child maintenance. You can not use the threat of not seeing children as an incentive for your ex-partner to pay child maintenance.
Q: Adultery means that the cheating party has to pay more.
A: Very rarely is this a case for the court to award a higher payment. In some cases, the person who has committed the adultery will have to pay a notional charge for court fees.
Q: Anyone who is divorcing has to attend court.
A: This is very unlikely – you may never have to set foot in a court.
Q: I don't want to get divorced – my ex-partner can't force me.
A: Of course, you can oppose the divorce but there is no legal precedent for a court maintaining that a couple must stay married if one partner does not wish to maintain the relationship. If one party wants to get divorced, there is really no escaping that fact, and you should obtain legal advice of your own.
Q: The children's Mum will get custody.
A: This is not necessarily the case. As circumstances change, it is likely that the Father will have more of a role in this.
Q: As a Father, will I only see my children every other weekend?
A: This has become somewhat of a cliché but this is just one of several different childcare arrangements that can be agreed upon. We find that the majority of parents agree on a time sharing split.
Q: I need a solicitor.
A: Not necessarily, you could do your own divorce. However, to gain a consent order you need a solicitor.
Q: It is a matter of how much money you pay.
A: No, the court deal with divorces in strict order.
Q: Not everything counts as a joint asset.
A: Lottery winners are not immune from sharing their winnings after divorce. The house can also be considered a shared asset even if the mortgage is in the name of one party.
Contact Aspire today for help with divorce and separation issues.