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How to trim the high frequencies on a speaker
Improving the sound quality of the midrange speakers
It is generally accepted that the sound quality of a loudspeaker is determined almost entirely by its AFC in sound pressure, its unevenness in the range of reproduced frequencies, and its harmonic distortion factor. However, subjective (by experts) evaluation of the sound of not only amateur, but also industrial sound equipment shows that speakers with good parameters do not always sound equally good.
Careful study of speakers suggested that one of the reasons of such a phenomenon could be the difference in the characteristics of the transients of the MF heads included in the speakers.
Equivalent scheme of the head
For the analysis of transients in the piston action region of the head (low-frequency range of reproducible frequencies) it is convenient to use its equivalent scheme, shown in Fig. 1а. Here Re and Le are resistance and inductance of voice coil respectively, C = m and L = s are electrical equivalents of mass m and flexibility of suspension with moving system respectively, and Re is electrical equivalent of losses on radiation and friction of suspension unit. The numerical values of the equivalents are recalculated to the electrical input of the head.
The influence of inductance Lk on its frequency and time characteristics can be neglected in the area of piston action of the head. As a result, the equivalent scheme of the head takes the form shown in Fig. 1б.
It is known that the quality factor of a circuit made of a parallel connected resistor, inductor and capacitor is equal to the ratio of the conductivities of the reactive (inductive or capacitive) and resistive branches. The quality factor of the circuit shown in Fig. 1б,
Here Gа,=1/Ra, is the conductivity of the resistive branch, ωs, = √(mC) is the resonant circular frequency of the moving head system. The quality factor (Qa) obtained in this way is called the acoustic quality factor of the head because it only takes into account losses in the mechanical vibrational system (Ra).
If, however, shown in Fig. 1b circuit is connected to a generator with zero output impedance, the considered LC-loop will be shunted by resistance Re. In this case, its quality factor is defined by the formula Qe=ωsmRe and is called the electrical quality factor of the head (its definition does not take into account the influence of Ra).
The quality factor, which is determined by taking into account the influence of the resistances Ra and Re, is called the equivalent quality factor of the head Qt. If the internal resistance of the input voltage source is zero it is equal:
And since the Qt value of QaQe is, without exception, only slightly different from Qe.
When passing from the characteristics of the electrical equivalent of the head to its acoustic characteristics, it should be borne in mind that the voltage on the parallel circuit, consisting of elements m, C and Ra (Fig. 1b), is the electrical analogue of the vibrational speed of the moving system. Thus, the more value of Re and consequently Qt at a given value of Ra, the more non-uniformity of dependence of voltage on circuit on frequency corresponds to greater non-uniformity of sound pressure developed by the head in the area of piston action.
Resonant frequencies of low-frequency heads lie inside of the frequency ranges they can reproduce, so when selecting these heads pay special attention to a numerical value of equivalent Qt of the head and if it exceeds the required one, take measures to reduce it and improve the frequency response.
The situation is different when choosing midrange (MF) heads. Their resonant frequencies lie, as a rule, below the range of their reproduced frequencies. As a result if we take the AFC of a loudspeaker by sound pressure using the traditional method (by continuously changing the oscillator frequency) the unevenness of a MF head near its resonant frequency is practically undetectable in the resulting loudspeaker response, because the resonant frequency voltage, which goes to that head, will be largely attenuated by the bandpass filter.
The real mode of MF heads significantly differs from the one considered above. The voltage of the broadcast signal at the output of the loudspeaker bandpass filter can be considered as harmonic (sinusoidal), the amplitude and frequency of which are continuously and, in general case, vary sharply enough in time. That is why the head always works in a transient mode instead of a steady state sinusoidal oscillation, which takes place during the measuring of the AFC by sound pressure.
How to wire a tweeter through a capacitor
A tweeter connection consisting of just a capacitor is called a filter or passive first-order crossover. It is called a "high-passfilter" and works as follows. The capacitance of the capacitor determines the cutoff bandwidth. This does not mean that frequencies below the cutoff will not be reproduced by the tweeter.A first-order crossover has a sensitivity of 6 dB (decibels) per octave. An octave is half that or more. If the HPF cut-off is 2,000 hertz, then the frequency that is an octave lower, ie 1,000 hertz will sound 6 dB lower, a cut-off of 500 hertz will be 12 dB lower and so on.
Because of the size and stiffness of the tweeter diaphragm, we can assume that the low frequencies will not have a significant effect on the reproduction of the high frequencies. There are more complicated crossovers of the second order, the circuit of which, in addition to the capacitor, includes a choke. They provide a power reduction of 12 decibels per octave, and third-order filters provide a reduction of 18 decibels per octave.
What kind of capacitor to put on the tweeter
To get the best sound from your speakers, you need to be very careful when choosing a capacitor. What kind of capacitor do you need for your tweeter? Chinese manufacturers of inexpensive speakers put an electrolyte with a capacity of 2-10 μf in series with the coil of the high-frequency speaker.
Products of this type are polar and by definition designed to work in DC circuits. On alternating current they do not behave quite correctly, so to connect the high-frequency speaker in a speaker system of two or three speakers, it is necessary to use film products of appropriate capacitance. If you have an inexpensive Chinese-made speaker system, all you have to do is open it up, and replace the electrolyte, with a polypropylene or paper capacitor, to feel the difference.
If the necessary capacity is not available, the necessary capacitors for tweeter speakers are assembled from several products connected in parallel.From domestic products, you can use K73-17 and K78-34. These are lavsan and polypropylene products. Type K78-34 is specially designed for installation in filters of high quality loudspeakers. It works correctly at frequencies up to 22 kHz for speaker output power up to 220 watts with 4 ohm speakers.
In order to choose the right capacitor for a 4 ohm tweeter you need to know its resonant frequency. High-frequency heads can have a relatively low resonance frequency of the order of 800-1,200 Hz, but most "tweeters" will resonate at 2,000-3,000 Hz. Capacitor values for different cutoff levels to a 4 ohm speaker are as follows:
To cut off a band with a first-order filter, you have to go above the resonance, otherwise the speaker will vibrate unpleasantly when we play the sound. It is recommended that the cut-off frequency of the filter should be about twice the resonance value of the high-frequency loudspeaker.
Hello, everyone! In this post, I decided to raise an important topic for many newbies. Let's try to understand it, get into it, make conclusions and formulate advice. Let's go!
It's all about choosing capacitors for horn loudspeakers. This is exactly the question all newbies ask. We are all very smart and experienced, so let's rephrase it more intelligently. How to choose a passive high pass filter for horn loudspeakers.
First, let's remember what this stuff is, what it's for and how it works?We need crossovers (filters) to cut off unnecessary frequency bands from the speaker, giving it the bandwidth it needs to work properly.There is nothing wrong with subs in this respect. Even if you give your subs the full bandwidth, nothing will happen to it. But when we are talking about speakers of any design, the crossover will determine their life, sound and durability.
Second point to understand: any crossover does NOT cut off frequencies sharply. If your high pass filter is set at, say, 3 kilohertz it doesn't mean that the speaker will suddenly stop talking below three. The speaker will sing 2 and 1 kilohertz and 500 Hz and even 20!The whole question is how much power will be delivered to the speaker at those frequencies and how much and how fast will the volume drop outside of the crossover setting.This is determined by the cutoff order of the crossover. 1st, order (6dB/octave). 2nd (12dB/octave), etc.д. What do these dB/oct?Well there's no question about the dB. dB-decibels determine the volume level (more precisely the sound pressure level, but whatever the point) and Oct it's an octave. Octave is(Bellin, how to put it simply :D) Octave is a range of frequencies which is located either up to twice the frequency of the current frequency or twice less. It's not clear. :D:D Explain with an example: Let's assume we have a 1-st order high pass filter at 1 kilohertz (1000 Hz). Such a filter lets high frequencies through to the squeaker and cuts low frequencies. So the first order filter (6dB/oct) means that below 1 kilohertz the sound will not disappear, but the volume will go down.If let's say our speaker sang at a volume of 100 decibels at 1 kilohertz, then below the filter setting by one octave (1000Hz/2=500Hz) at 500Hz the speaker will sing 6 decibels quieter. It's about an octave lower (500/2=250gz), 12dB quieter, 125gz 18dB quieter, 63gz 24dB quieter, and so on.If you were to cut it in 2nd order (12dB/oct), you would lose 12dB at 500 Hz, 24dB at 250 Hz, 36dB at 125 Hz, and 48dB at 63 Hz.So you can calculate any order of the filter at different frequencies.
An example, of course, is extremely simplistic and crude. The speed and uniformity of the decay will depend on another 100500 factors, but in principle the example reflects the essence we need. Precisely because a squeaker will always sing and below the cutoff frequency, it is highly discouraged to make a cutoff near their resonant frequency below which they become extremely difficult to operate. This will reduce its volume at best times (you just can't pile up the volume at full volume without distortion). At worst the squeaker will die. We learned this fact and moved on. It's even more complicated and incomprehensible :D.
The next important aspect of this case is to flatten the minds of newcomers to this kind of tablets on the Internet:
The tables are actually correct.would be if it weren't for one thing. there is no such thing as a 4 ohm, or 2 ohm, or 8 ohm loudspeaker. And it never was. ))
The impedance is not the resistance of the speaker. The second is the MINIMUM impedance the speaker can have.This criterion is very important for the stable operation of the amplifier without overloading. But that doesn't mean that the impedance can't be higher with the speaker. I'll tell you more, it's almost always higher, the whole question is how much higher and when. (By the way, you can use a multimeter to measure your 4 ohm loudspeakers. It will always be less than a little over 4 ohms. 3.7-3.8m precisely because the impedance is specified and you measure the resistance)) ). So the impedance of the loudspeaker during sound reproduction depends on a heap of factors, starting from the design of the speaker and ending with the registration of speakers (and in fact a horn loudspeaker is a loudspeaker in the speaker deflection) and frequency. Here is the last factor we are especially interested when we talk about HF.If, say, take two four-ohm loudspeakers and measure their impedance at, say, 5 kilohertz, it could turn out that one loudspeaker has an impedance of 5 ohms at this frequency and the other has 7. Then according to the table above, we try to cut them by 5 kilohertz with a capacitor of 8 microfarads. As a result, the first one gets cut at 4 kilohertz, and the second one with the same capacitor gets cut at 3 kilohertz! So the first one will be cutting a shit sound, and the second one will be burning up.To give you an example, here is a graph of the system impedance versus frequency (Z response) for component speakers:
Crossover, filter orders. on the fingers.
Crossovers are devices in sound systems that create the desired operating frequency ranges for the speakers. Speakers are designed to operate within a certain frequency range. They can't accept frequencies outside of that range. If a low frequency signal is sent to a high frequency speaker (tweeter), the sound picture will be ruined, and if the signal is also powerful, the tweeter will "burn out". The high-frequency speakers only need to handle the high frequencies, and the low-frequency speakers only need to get the low-frequency range from the overall sound signal. The rest of the middle band goes to the midrange speakers (midwoofers). So the job of the crossover is to divide the audio signal into the right (optimal) frequency bands for the appropriate speaker type.
Simply put, a crossover. is a pair of electrical filters. Let's say the crossover has a cutoff frequency of 1000 Hz. This means that one of its filters cuts off all frequencies below 1000 Hz and only allows frequencies above 1000 Hz to pass through. This kind of filter is called a high-pass filter. The other filter that allows frequencies below 1000 Hz is called the low-pass. The graphical representation of the crossover is given in Figure 3. The point where the two curves intersect is the crossover cutoff frequency of 1000 Hz. With three-way crossovers, there is also a band-pass filter that only passes through the middle frequency range (around 600 Hz to 5,000 Hz).) This diagram gives the frequency response of the three-way crossover.
Sensitivity order. This is the ratio of the crossover output signal intensity (dB) to the input signal frequency, assuming the input signal intensity is constant. We usually define sensitivity (cut-off slope) as dB/octave. For many mathematical reasons the sensitivity of crossovers is always a multiple of 6 dB/octave. The first order crossover has a sensitivity of 6 dB/octave. The second order crossover has a sensitivity of 12 dB/octave, the third order. 18 dB/octave, and 4th order crossovers have a sensitivity of 24 dB/octave. Consider a third-order low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 100 Hz. As mentioned above, this crossover will only pass frequencies below 100 Hz and cut frequencies above 100 Hz. All frequencies above 100 Hz will lose their strength in the filter output by multiples of 18 dB depending on which octave they fall into. So a 200 Hz frequency (first octave above the cut-off frequency) would lose 18 dB, a 400 Hz frequency (second octave) would lose 36 Hz and a third octave (800 Hz) would lose 54 dB. And so on, all subsequent octaves will be attenuated by multiples of 18 dB. A less sensitive first-order low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 100 Hz will do the same thing, but the unwanted octaves will be cut back not by 18 dB, but by 6 dB. As you can see, the filters that make up the crossovers are not able to cut off unwanted frequencies at once, but do so gradually, with different sensitivity depending on their order.
First order crossovers. They are the simplest passive crossover and consist of one capacitor, and one inductor. The capacitor works like a high-pass filter to protect the tweeter from unnecessary bass and midrange frequencies. The coil is used as a low-pass filter. The sensitivity of first order crossovers is low. Only 6dB per octave. The good thing about these crossovers.No phase shift between the tweeter and the other speaker. Second-order crossovers. They are also called Butterworth crossovers, after the creator of the mathematical model for these crossovers. Constructed with one capacitor and coil on the tweeter and one capacitor and coil on the woofer. They have a higher sensitivity of 12dB/octave, but have a phase shift of 180 degrees, which means that the tweeter and other driver diaphragms move out of sync. To fix the problem you have to reverse the polarity of the wires on the tweeter.
Third order crossovers. These have one coil and two capacitors in the tweeter, but the inverse is true for the bass driver. The sensitivity of these crossovers is 18 dB per octave and they have good phase response in all polarities. Negative feature of 3rd order crossovers. Unacceptable use of time delays to eliminate problems associated with speakers not radiating on the same vertical plane.
Fourth order crossovers. Fourth order Butterworth crossovers have a high sensitivity of 24dB/octave, which dramatically reduces the mutual influence of the speakers in the frequency separation area. Phase shift is 360 degrees, which effectively means no phase shift at all. But the amount of phase shift in this case is not constant and can lead to erratic operation of the crossover. These crossovers are almost never used in practice. Linkwitz and Reeley optimized the fourth order crossover design. This crossover consists of two second order Butterworth crossovers in series for the tweeter, and the same for the bass driver. Their sensitivity is also 24dB per octave, but the output level of each filter is 6dB less than the crossover output. The Linquitz-Realy crossover has no phase shift and allows time correction for drive units not operating on the same physical plane. These crossovers give the best acoustic performance compared to other designs.
As mentioned above, the passive crossover is made up of capacitors and inductors. In order to build a passive first order crossover you must have one capacitor and one inductor. The capacitor is fitted in series with the tweeter (high-pass filter) and the coil in series with the woofer (low-pass filter). The nominal inductance values for the coil ((H. microgeneric) and capacitance ((F. microfarads) are given in the table depending on the desired cut-off frequency of the crossover and the impedance of the speakers. First order crossover (6 dB/octave) For example let's select the capacitance and inductance for a crossover with a cut off frequency of 4000 Hz and a speaker impedance of 4 Ohms. From the above table we find that the capacitance of the first order capacitor should be equal to 10 mF and the inductance of the coil 0.2 mG. To find the component ratings for a second order (12dB/octave) crossover, multiply the values in the same table for the capacitor by 0.7, and multiply the value for the inductor coil by a factor of 1.414. Remember, a second order crossover requires two capacitors and two inductors. Compose a second order crossover for a cutoff frequency of 4000 Hz. To determine the values for both capacitors, multiply the value from the table of 10 mF by a factor of 0.7 and get 7mF. Next, the inductance value of 0.2 mG times factor 1.414 and get the inductance value for each coil 0.28 mG. I put one of these capacitors in series with the tweeter and one in parallel with the woofer. One coil in parallel with the tweeter and one in series with the woofer.
Re: Need advice on the cuts in the channel
The front is first order, the higher order kills the sound 80 percent of the time. for starters. mids at the bottom around 60-70 Hz or don't cut it at all, at the top. you need to listen, theoretically from 2 to 3 kiloHts try from 3.5 to 5 kilohertz, also first order.
sub. listen to 3-4-5 order, around 70 hertz.
I have the task of opening up the capabilities of the tweeter. Its frequency range is from 1500(!) to 20000 Hz. Resonance at 800 Hz, I think. That's why I want to remove as much as possible from the midrange and give it to the tweeter.
Local Brigadier Reputation: 92166 Registration 04.11.2010 City / village St. Petersburg Messages 1,028 Thanks (Share) 229 Thanks (Received) 677
Re: advice on the cuts in the channel
Better to do both smoother (6 or 12 db/oct), so that the overlap was, then the transition will not be sharp from the mids to the tweeters.
Reputation: 669062 Registered 17.12.2008 City / village St. Petersburg Messages 3,542 Thanks (gave away) 5366 Thanks (received) 7318
What is frequency processing?
The process of frequency filtering is to decrease or, conversely, to increase the frequencies in a certain spectrum. Thanks to special devices and plugins, you can make equalization as accurate as possible, removing or adding a few Hertz (the unit of measurement when filtering). Such crossover has a lot of applications: removal of conflicting frequencies, reducing the volume of noises that are unpleasant to the ear, creating the "body" of the sound signal, enriching the recording with harmonics, and much more.
Also, one of the equalizer's main tasks is to "clear" space in the mix, i.e.е. After processing, each instrument, live or electronic, should occupy its own place and not disturb others. For example, bass sounds are usually located in the center and at the bottom, midrange instruments (guitars, snare drum, keyboards) are in the middle, and vocals are better "raised up" to be heard over all tracks.
It's also important to focus on removing unpleasant sounds. by moving a few sliders in EQ you can get rid of guitar strings clanking, cymbal noise and vocalists sighing. However, it is important not to overdo it and not to cut out "useful" frequencies, which enrich the sound and make it three-dimensional.
The equalizer contains different types of curves that can be used to filter frequencies. They are divided into:
Limiting Filters
These curves cut off all frequencies behind them 'permanently'. The degree of slope can be adjusted, going from a vertical straight line ("brick wall") to a slight cut in the neighborhood of 1-3 dB. These include:
Low Pass (or, on the contrary, High Cut). with this filter, all frequencies above the marked point are removed from Spectra and all frequencies below the marked point are left.
Used mainly to trim the top of the bass and arrange it harmoniously in the mix, as well as to give instruments depth and clarity, remove ringing and rustling.
Most often used to remove bass for instruments whose main frequencies are in the middle and upper range, thus leaving the "bottom" of the mix directly to the bass and kick drum.
Or "band-limiting.". Cuts frequencies in a narrow line only at a certain bandwidth. Get rid of all unpleasant echoes. A sound engineer's assistant for spot-processing recordings.
Shelf Filters
They have a straight shape, also divided into High and Low. The former is used to compensate for missing high frequencies and the latter for low frequencies, respectively. You can create a combination of these curves by raising and lowering the frequencies of a track simultaneously, in which case you get a Tilt Shelf.
Presence filter
The most popular is the bell-shaped filter. It has a rounded shape and amplifies the chosen range.
So, for guitars the most often used amplification is around 500 Hz to give a "body" and "roundness" to the sound. And for vocals, for example, it is recommended to raise the frequency close to 5 kHz to move it forward and create the effect of "presence
There is also dynamic equalization, where an equalizer and a compressor work together. In that case, the selected Spectra frequency is not cut out completely during the entire song, but is attenuated only at necessary moments when it reaches a preset threshold. This allows you to achieve flexibility in processing the mix, because the frequency will sound on quiet moments and will not "stick out" on loud.
Re: passive cross to trim the mids at the top
not a bad calculator, just does not present the user information about the phasing of the speakers after the filters depending on the order of the filters.
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Re: Passive cross for clipping the midrange at the top
Here the question is already solved. The whole problem is only the passive, I never messed with it. Т.When calculating filters, do we take into account the impedance of each speaker individually or the total impedance of a parallel connection??
If it were possible to implement it, I would not think about a passive Why is it a problem to cut the mids from the top?
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Full cut to a specific frequency with EQ. Is it possible? (1 online
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Is there such a equalizer which cuts off a certain range of frequencies? For example I need to cut all frequencies up to 200Hz, so that 199Hz and below would be.72db or as little as possible, and 200Hz 0db. Graphically it should look like this: If I'm rambling, don't scold me strictly, I'm an amateur)
ArtemHod, the slope of the filter is expressed in dB per octave. Т.е. at a cutoff frequency of 200Hz theoretically the 72dB attenuation will be achieved at a frequency one octave lower, t.е. 100Hz. The 72dB decrease of the signal at 199Hz is only possible in the picture ))))
Don't believe the comic-like pictures, even though they make it easier to understand, but read the special literature ))
P.S. an experienced "sounder" operates with much less values than 72dB, ))) because even tenths of a decibel change the sound.
And extreme values of parameters have more of a "therapeutic" rather than musical function, eliminating the defects made during recording (for example, as a notch filter)
P.P.S. There is such an expression. The best use of the equalizer is for someone who doesn't turn it on. )))
To get rid of unnecessary frequencies it is better to choose the instruments/arrangement of microphones, etc.п. methods, i.e.е. Acoustic equalization is preferable to the electric one.
Quick repair of 35 Radiotehnika AC-201
Many people have similar loudspeakers of S-90 series. If they all of a sudden start making noise, don't throw them away, it's often quite easy to fix.
The noises came out from the speaker, and in the whole range, and the reason was simple. The lead wires, so-called pigtails, had broken over time. But not surprisingly, they've been in business since 1981, 40 years is a long time. Something was still there, but the contact was broken during operation, and they were just sparking there, like the first radio transmitter of A.С. Popov, hence the interference across the spectrum. I don't have any ready-made pigtails and I don't want to order them and wait a couple of months. Made them from a laptop loop, those wires that go to the matrix have quite thin strands of conductors, and are designed for repeated bending, opening-closing the lid. I braided three pairs of wires. The wires are in insulation, so I didn't put any special corded strings inside. Just braided and tinned without stripping the insulation, it's pretty easy to remove with a soldering iron. Can be made of MHTF wire, but they have a thicker cross-section than those on the laptop matrix, and MHTF must be pre-scrubbed insulation. Solder must be roughly observing the direction of the original, after soldering smeared glue B-7000 soldering points and a centimeter of braids from the soldering point. Because they're going to vibrate all the time, you have to minimize the sharp bends. Well, in general it took a couple of hours to repair both speakers. Since one of them squeaked and the other one replaced the pigtails, not to get up twice as they say))
Tested at maximum power with a sweep generator signal, no unnecessary sounds or resonances. Well, not counting the fact that the shelf hit and rattled a little, but that should finalize the room rather than the speakers ))
The speakers are powered by a home-built VV Sukhov tube amplifier from 1989. I have written about them before, VV Sukhov 1989. Second set. Restoring
Continuation of the post "Restoration of the loudspeaker GD-01-25, aka 75 GDN-01, of the Torii factory
In fact, time flies fast. Looking at the waybill, exactly two years have passed since I ordered the speaker hangers. Well, what can you do, time is always short, even those who do nothing ))) And if you have a hobby, garden, farm, chickens Well, you get it ))
All right, that's lyrics, here's the physics. Scraped off the crap that the suspension of the speakers had turned into in 32 years. On this speaker a ring of rubber fell out by itself, in the previous one I pressed with two screwdrivers, here I just slightly pulled.
But the remnants of the sealant on the back side of the driver a little better preserved, apparently it was used in order to the border nickel foam does not cut the soft suspension, so formed a smooth transition from hard to soft.
I have Gerlene, I just need a volatile solvent for it, so that it dries quickly and does not smell. Gerlen is polyisobutylene, but I also have butyl rubber, it seems to me more stable. I just happened to find a phrase about Guerlain (polyisobutylene) "Long meh. processing at temperatures below 100 C leads to destruction".
In fact it turns out he is not suitable for dynamic structures. But it is widely used for damping suspensions and diffusers. Well, if there's any doubt, I'll use butyl rubber. The only thing about it is this: "Butyl rubber is a component of solid rocket fuel." )) But I will not shoot with it, so I am looking for more.
Germeplast is also there, but it has shriveled over time and in places became like cottage cheese, unlike Guerlain, which flowed in a large mass, and dried in a small one.
Well, okay, butyl rubber is dissolved by aromatic hydrocarbons, which is exactly what I wanted to avoid, but apparently I have to smell. The Internet recommends isopentane, but it is sold from 10 kilos, and it is listed as banned, and it is sad that I do not have it. Internet does not give a direct answer what else to dissolve butyl rubber, but xylene is a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons (ortoxylene, methaxylene, peroxylene), which I need ))
But it does affect polyurethane foam. The pendant swelled up on the reaction test. I'll wait until it dries, maybe it will return to the original form of the piece on which I tried.
The Internet on the request "compounds for damping suspensions" gives a lot of audiophile nonsense without any physics. From brake grease to throwing it away!
You have no idea how much bullshit audiophiles talk about. But what can you do, it's a religion and a belief in miracles. And I'm a practitioner and agnostic, I need results, not a peacock tail.
At this point, after reading all kinds of nonsense, including the ones written by me, I went to the wine cellar and drank my homemade Hennessy, For a while I did not care about Thiel and Small, even Hertz moved away, and the resonance was silenced for a while.
Well, in general, electroacoustics is a mess, and I'd rather not be touched by fans of cherry wood stands for inter-unit cables and wires. It's puffy, but you have to see the banks, too. Oxygen-free copper and 24-karat gold-plated are outright nonsense.
But let's go back to butyl rubber mixed with xylene. The process is clearly moving, the mixture is homogenized, the control sample of polyurethane with a drop of this composition is aligned and sticky like the original butyl rubber. I don't know about the stability of this composition, but I don't have time to experiment, I'll take what I have.
https://baseacoustica.ru/dorabotka/dorabotka-komponentov/270-povyshenie-kachestva-zvuchanija-gromkogovoritelej
https://prokompter.ru/kak-kondensatorom-srezat-chastotu/
http://magnitola.org/pro-ostalnoe/99791-krossover-poryadki-filtrov-na-palcah.html
http://magnitola.org/sovety-po-avtozvuku/100483-nuzhen-sovet-po-srezam-v-pokanalke.html
https://audiomaster.su/chastotnaya-obrabotka-zvuka.php
http://magnitola.org/nastroika-sistemy/254478-passivnyi-kross-dlya-togo-chtoby-obrezat-mid-sverhu.html
https://rmmedia.ru/threads/103699/
https://pikabu.ru/story/ponizhenie_rezonansnoy_chastotyi_dinamikov_7682486
Articles frequencies, high, speaker, trim


text:
Book Review: 'The Word is Murder' by Anthony Horowitz
We've all heard the saying about how hard it is to separate fact from fiction. However, this is not a problem you expect to encounter when reading a mystery story. Yet that is the case with the latest book from Anthony Horowitz, The Word is Murder published by Haper Collins.
If you've watched any British television in the last 15 or so years you're bound to have seen Horowitz's name show up in the opening credits under writer. He was the original writer for Midsomer Murders, Foyle's War, the stand alone mini series Above Suspicion and countless other shows. I mention the last show in particular because of the nature of this book and how the story unfolds.
For in The Word is Murder Horowitz has written a story featuring himself as a lead character working with the retired police detective who worked as the police consultant on Above Suspicion trying to solve a murder. He also tells us that he based the cop in the TV show on this man, Daniel Hawthorne.
Now if you've seen the show you'll know the character he's referring to was a vile piece of work; abusive to his wife and kids and racist to boot. While he does offer the disclaimer that former Inspector Hawthorne isn't a racist or an abuser, he still isn't someone you're going to want to spend a lot of time with.
Yet somehow or other Horowitz finds himself drawn into working alongside Hawthorne investigating a murder. Actually, Hawthorne, who is occasionally hired on by Scotland Yard as a consultant, has convinced him to write a book based on his current investigation. So Horowitz finds himself being dragged around the city watching the detective try to find out who murdered Diana Cowper.
The late Mrs. Cowper walked into a funeral parlour to make arrangements for her own burial, left the establishment, went home, and was murdered shortly thereafter. There was no record of her going anywhere else before going home and, on the surface, absolutely no reason why anyone should have wanted to murder her.
When her actor son comes home from California for the funeral and is subsequently murdered as well, Hawthorne and Horowitz begin to look deeper into both victims lives and start coming up with all sorts of dirty secrets. Mrs. Cowper had badly injured a child in a hit and run accident but had been let off from a custodial sentence due to mitigating circumstances.
However, while both the child's parents have motivation for killing the mother, neither would have any interest in killing the son. While the son is your typical spoiled movie star type, it doesn't seem like he's alienated or pissed off anyone enough for them to want to kill both him and his mother.
While the mystery the two men are attempting to solve is fascinating, and watching them working together is even more fun. Horowitz has done a great job of creating the character of Hawthorne, and bringing himself to life on the pages of his own book. Of course you could also let this mess with your brain if you wanted. For, whether you want to or not, you find yourself periodically asking if what you're reading is fact or fiction.
You know the author is a real person, and he talks to real people (In one memorable conversation he's in a meeting with Steven Spielberg and Peter Jackson about writing the script for their film adaptation of Tintin). He also tells us that Hawthorne is a real person and we have no choice but to believe him. In some ways the book falls between the Sherlock Holmes axiom of "once you've eliminated the improbable you're left with the impossible" and the Lewis Carrol quote "Sometimes I believe six impossible things before breakfast".
So, yes, while reading The Word Is Murder by Anthony Horowitz requires a certain amount of suspending you're disbelief and believing a couple of impossible things before breakfast, it is an enjoyable and wonderful mystery. While the quirks of the story could have interfered with the actual mystery and investigation, Horowitz manages to balance the two to create something unique and fun. However, I still wonder how much of it is real and how much is fiction.
(Originally published at Blogcritics.org as Book Review: The Word is Murder by Anthony Horowitz)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Two days ago, U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said in a Foreign policy address in Brussels that Donald J. Trump was not abandoning global leadership, but rather reshaping the post-World War two system on the basis of sovereign states, not multilateral institutions. As we all know, these globalist institutions are run by the Illuminati elitist scumbags and their evil and manipulative NWO "Think Tanks" like the Bilderberg Club.
In a historic speech in Brussels that took place before a meeting of Nato ministers, Mike Pompeo explained how Trump is building a new Democratic World Order where Washington will strengthen international agreements blaming "bad actors" such as Russia, China, and Iran. With this announcement the United States is preparing to return as a key player responsible for the development of humanity.
So why is Pompeo calling it a Liberal World Order and not a Trump World Order, instead?
Well to say that we are building a new "liberal" world order means a declaration on behalf of a certain set of principles that are not necessarily leftist, but simply human and essential for the survival of Western Society. For example, the belief that the rights of an individual are primary, and it is the responsibility of governments to protect those rights, that a democratic government, in particular, offers the best chance for human dignity, justice, and freedom. Whether you like it or not, this is not a universally held view. The leaders of some nations and more than a few people around the world disagree on this hierarchy of values, especially the Unholy Alliance of Muslims and their left-wing buddies in the West that are promoting undemocratic liberalism.
Liberalism unchecked by democracy can easily deteriorate into elitist oligarchy in the hands of the evil side of the Illuminati and their Jesuit allies. Finally a US leader is officially rejecting the work of his criminal predecessors, the Bush's, Clinton's, and Obama's, ending once and for all the socialist globalist Illuminati nightmare, with a concrete and sudden move towards ending the New World Order for something brand new.
To strengthen and preserve this order, however, will require a renewal of American leadership in the international system. Something that only a true world leader like Donald J. Trump, can pull off. Forging a new order based on the principle of putting national sovereignty before multilateralism and the lies of the globalist media is truly Trump's creed.
Overall, 49 percent in the group hold a favorable opinion of Capitalism—and 45 percent had a positive view of Socialism. The rise in the percentage of Socialist left-wing idiots present in US universities is truly disturbing, to say the least. American colleges and universities are now constantly marked by campus race protests, the disinvitation of conservative speakers, and of course, the hate for Donald Trump. US Universities and colleges are full of left-wing professors, and the political views of American academics have degenerated more and more each year after the turning point represented by the protests of 1968 piloted by the Illuminati elitists and the French Grand Orient of Freemasonry. Liberal professors now outnumber conservatives nearly 12 to 1 in the US, not forgetting to mention the Jesuit liberal influence in the US education system. The criminal practices that characterized the US 'war on terror' and the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq have been clear indications of a complex disengagement of certain values, not only in the United States, but also in other countries that helped to institutionalize human rights as a pillar of the international order, only to make a mockery of such values later on. We can't forget the rise of Transnational Islamic insurgency and the hypocrisy of western powers dependant on fossil fuels and their suppliers that remain involved in the continuation of the Battle of the Camel. In this scenario, liberal hypocrisy is one of the greatest problems in today's Western society.
Pompeo stated, "In the finest traditions of our great democracy, we are rallying the noble nations of the world to build a new liberal order that prevents war and achieves greater prosperity for all." In the meantime, Civil War might gradually erupt in Europe in the coming days and months, because of the growing anger towards the EU leftist establishment, but remember the US could be next on the list if the agents of the dying New World Order succeed in their evil plan to remove Trump by spreading lies and hate from their privileged positions in society.
Let all be reminded that we are sovereign individuals who must never allow outside forces to take our crown. Our communities, our nation's, are also sovereign and must not succumb to the aggression of lesser powers.


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The Legacy of Trees: Purposefully Wandering Vancouver's Stanley Park
July 18, 2020 July 5, 2020 / thealiennextdoor	/ Leave a comment
Winter on the sea wall (Heritage House)
"In the gorgeously colourful fall of 2017, I had a sudden thought: "I live next to Stanley Park, one of the world's most beloved and best parks. How have I not noticed? Of course I had noticed, but I hadn't taken that awareness inside. I barely knew the park. I have lived beside this park for twenty-five years. I first saw the crescent beach of English Bay and the storytelling totems in the park in 1961, fifty-nine years ago. Have I been asleep? Can I wake up? Is it time?
If I am going to get to know this park—this Stanley Park—and call it "my park," I will have to wander it purposefully, path by path, plaque by plaque, monument by monument, rock by rock, tree by tree, blossom by flowering blossom, through every season, and allow its layers of history to seep into me as though it were a living, breathing being.
Actually, it is.
This is how Nina Shoroplova begins her book "The Legacy of Trees" by Heritage House, 2020, a book all about "Purposeful Wandering in Vancouver's Stanley Park."
The beautifully laid out 288-page book with colour photos is a feast for the mind and the heart. Although the book provides an excellent human and natural history of the park—from its pre-colonial existence, and logging history, to its creation and uses and description—at its root is an expression of wonder for this natural gem in the middle of a bustling city and a true love of trees.
Shoroplova approaches the forest with the heart of a poet. Her passion for nature—and trees, particularly—lights each page with joyful discovery. Shoroplova brings this passion to Stanley Park, one of Canada's iconic parks, and one worth both visiting and knowing through many aspects from history to ecology and from forest ecosystem to legacy tree.
Each year, Stanley Park welcomes more than eight million visitors from around the world. In the summer of 2013, Travel & Leisure magazine ranked Stanley Park second among the world's twenty-eight most beautiful city parks in the world. In 2014, TripAdvisor named Stanley Park the best park in the world. The park features 400-hectares of natural coastal temperate rainforest with 27 km of trails and scenic views of water, mountains, and truly majestic trees. The rainforest holds an old-growth forest of +400-year old Douglas-firs and some of the largest grand firs in the world. The park also features an 8.8 km seawall, totem poles and six beautiful gardens.
Map of Stanley Park, Vancouver
Early in the book, Shoroplova describes a particular experience with a weeping beech in Shakespeare Garden with something close to reverence:
"When I first walked under its canopy of falling dark green drapery, tears came to my eyes. Somehow, the generosity of that tree, offering its shade and comfort to all who stand, walk, and drive underneath its south-facing leaves, opened my heart." She then added, "As a friend says, 'trees are divine beings.'"
Shoroplova shares why she feels calmed, centred, and connected in a forest, particularly in Stanley Park:
Hemlock growing on cedar stump (Heritage House)
Maybe it's because the change in a forest is constant yet unobservable, unobtrusive. Maybe it's because I, as a human being, am so insignificant in size compared with the giants around me. Or because I, as a human being, have lived for such a short time compared with the ancient living beings around me. Or the green and the tree pheromones are so calming…
I used to feel this way when I skied downhill and when I breastfed my babies. I feel this way when I stand in the ocean and await the next wave and the next. I feel this way with my grandchildren. That's what being in the forest does for us…It brings us to the present moment. That's the gift."
Woman wanders among the Seven Sisters giants, 1901 (Heritage House)
There is an abiding quality about trees and a living forest that is reassuring. "Trees are supportive, yet ambitious," writes Shoropova. They are "quiet yet communicative, flexible yet strong, adaptive yet true to type." They connect us to a larger world in a way that is both awe-inspiring and familiar.
"Learning the histories of the legacy trees in Stanley Park deepens our knowledge of the people of Vancouver—our history, our origins, our values," Shoroplova explains in her opening chapter. These stories also show how Vancouver is maturing and evolving alongside its park forests and gardens. "We are shaking off the colonial identity that the park exhibited for so many decades and embracing the values of reconciliation with the first inhabitants of this land, the Squamish, Musqueam, and Tsleil-Waututh. We are also reclaiming what we can of the original nature of this land while honouring our communal history."
Loggers using springboards to chop down a Douglas-fir giant, Stanley Park, 1890s (Heritage House)
Shoroplova arranged her tree stories into three parts: Part 1: The Trees Were Always There—trees that were already growing on the peninsula headland that became the federal reserve and then Stanley Park; Part 2: The First Trees Are Planted—those that were planted during the colonial and imperial years of the park (up to 1960); Part 3: The Park Grows Up—the years of growing independence.
Complete with old photos and original maps, Shoroplova offers several well-described and mapped routes to learn about and appreciate the beauty of the park. Her accurate science and historical accounts are dispensed in easily-digested and understood parcels through the language of conversation. The narrative is both charming and intriguing from the sad tale of the sentinel big Douglas-fir at the entrance to Stanley Park in 1894 to the princess-poet Pauline Johnson's naming of Lost Lagoon and stories of historic events.
Georgia Street entrance to Stanley Park in 1894 (Heritage House)
In a particularly engaging chapter of the book (Chapter 8), Shoroplova compares humans to trees and, through some interesting observations on tree physiology and behaviour, she draws some interesting conclusions. One example is her description of a tree's heartbeat: how trunk and branches use a very slow pulse of contraction and expansion to send water up and out to every branchlet and leaf. Or how trees essentially breathe in more oxygen during the day (during active photosynthesis) and breathe out more carbon dioxide at night (during respiration without photosynthesis). Shoroplova likens it to "one slow breath for every twenty-four hours." Shoroplova extends this fractal idea to the "suggestion that the northern hemisphere of Earth breathes in every summer and breathes out every winter. One slow planetary breath for every twelve months."
Shoroplova also discusses two theories that explain the phenomenon of crown shyness, only seen in deciduous trees: "One is that trees of the same species avoid both being shaded by and shading each other. They take up space that is not already filled, allowing each other space to grow and breathe and capture the sun's rays. The opposing theory is that stormy weather breaks off branches that are very close to each other. I suspect a mixture of both theories is at work."
Decaying log provides nutrients and substrate for other life (Heritage House)
Shoroplova continues her comparison in describing the life and death of a tree. "The death of a tree is a very drawn-out affair, taking years and even decades, as the tree changes from being healthy to having its health impinged on in some way, to losing more of its branches … to becoming a standing snag, and finally to falling to the forest floor. The decomposition—the composting—of one tree provides the soil for the birth and regeneration of many others. When a tree falls in the forest, its fallen form—minerals, fibre, and glucose—nourishes all the other life forms in its environment…Fallen trees become nurse logs for seedling trees, especially for western hemlocks." In Chapter 9, Shoroplova shares how the forest—like the ocean—releases negative ions that help in general feelings of wellness as these ions "neutralize all the free radicals that result from our natural body processes or that exist as environmental toxins."
Western red cedar with burl, remaining Seven Sister in Stanley Park (Heritage House)
In Chapter 12, Shoroplova describes the cathedral-like grandeur of the Seven Sisters grove of western redcedars and Douglas-firs as witnessed by Mohawk poet E. Pauline Johnson in 1911 and the sad narrative that followed. The fame of this stately grove of giants became their undoing—in the early 1950s the Park Board cut them down, citing safety reasons. The seven stately trees became seven sad stumps—with just one western redcedar with a large burl of the originals remaining. In 1988 the Park Board planted seven young Douglas-fir trees to replace the Seven Sisters. It will take time but eventually they may rival the Seven Sisters in majestic height. The single original sister still stands, prompting Shoroplova to "return to feel the history embedded in this single sibling."
E. Pauline Johnson
"But in all the world there is no cathedral whose marble or onyx columns can vie with those straight, clean, brown tree-boles that team with the sap and blood of life. There is no fresco that can rival the delicacy of lace-work they have festooned between you and the far skies. No tiles, no mosaic or inlaid marbles are as fascinating as the bare, russet, fragrant floor outspreading about their feet. They are the acme of Nature's architecture, and in building them she has outrivalled all her erstwhile conceptions. She will never originate a more faultless design, never erect a more perfect edifice. But the divinely moulded trees and the man-made cathedral have one exquisite characteristic in common. It is the atmosphere of holiness."—E. Pauline Johnson, Legends of Vancouver, 1911.
Prospect Point, Stanley Park, 1891 (Heritage House)
Subsequent chapters are devoted to singular trees and charming stories throughout the various gardens and paths of Stanley Park. Shoroplova brings them all to life with an animated history that weaves through the park to the present day.
Nina Munteanu looks up at giant Douglas-fir in Lighthouse Park, BC (photo by M. Ross)
She ends on a high note for me by invoking the wisdom of UBC ecologist and forester Suzanne Simard, who parses out four simple solutions to forest managers. They include: 1) know the local region and ecology and act accordingly; 2) stop or at least curtail most logging of the old-growth forests; 3) save the legacies, the mother trees and networks so they can pass their wisdom onto the next generation of trees; 4) help regenerate the biodiversity of forest ecosystems by planting and allowing natural regeneration. "Forests aren't just a bunch of trees competing with each other; they're super-cooperators," says Simard in a TED talk in June 2016. From Simard's message I travelled to Ira Sutherland's TEDx talk in October 2019, about the giant trees in Vancouver, which include Stanley Park; his message was also direct: 1) this is our story; and 2) Nature proves resilient.
I give Shoroplova a top score for ending her wonderful exposé on Stanley Park trees with action. Once we have connected with a forest and with a particular tree, we have walked through a door into awareness and ultimately responsibility. The wisdom and actionable message is clear. It isn't enough to be a bystander. Just as E. Pauline Johnson raised the flag of awareness a hundred years ago for indigenous peoples and Nature by association, we must do the same. Or it will disappear. Sutherland points out that many of the sites where he has documented giant mother trees are not protected.
Bill Stephen, superintendent of urban forestry (retired), in his foreword to the book, wisely suggests how to use the book:
Read it first in a leisurely manner at home, and internalize the park's history since its dedication in 1888. Then tuck it into your backpack and take it with you as a companion on your park wanderings. Take it on your smartphone or tablet as an ebook. Follow the maps, and use a maps app to enter the latitude/longitude coordinates of your place of interest for the day. Re-read its tales in the presence of the very trees about which it speaks, time travel with them, and return to the city with a richer sense of the connections between the trees of this great park and its human and animal actors. Then repeat…"
North side of Sea Wall with view of north shore and Lion's Gate Bridge, Stanley Park, BC (photo by Nina Munteanu)
Johnson, E. Pauline 1911. "Legends of Vancouver." Library of Alexandria. 196pp. E. Pauline Johnson (Takehionwake) was a daughter of a Mohawk Chief and a white mother. She was one of Canada's most famous performers, poet, feminist and indigenous activist of the Victorian era. Pauline Johnson documented legends, told to her by her great friend, Squamish Chief Joe Capilano, in the Vancouver newspaper, The Daily Province, and then a book, 'Legends of Vancouver', in print now for over 100 years.
Nombre, Antonio Donato. 2010. "The Magic of the Amazon: A river that flows invisibly all around us." TEDx Talk, 21:27 min. November, 2010. The Amazon River is like a heart, pumping water from the seas through it, and up into the atmosphere through 600 billion trees, which act like lungs. Clouds form, rain falls and the forest thrives. In a lyrical talk, Antonio Donato Nobre talks us through the interconnected systems of this region, and how they provide environmental services to the entire world. A parable for the extraordinary symphony that is nature.
Simard, Suzanne. 2016. "How Trees Talk to Each Other." TED Talk, 18:20 min. June, 2016. "A forest is much more than what you see," says ecologist Suzanne Simard. Her 30 years of research in Canadian forests have led to an astounding discovery — trees talk, often and over vast distances. Learn more about the harmonious yet complicated social lives of trees and prepare to see the natural world with new eyes.
Shoroplova, Nina. 2020. "Legacy of Trees: Purposeful Wandering in Vancouver's Stanley Park." Heritage House Publishing Co.Ltd., Vancouver. 288pp.
Sutherland, Ira. 2019. "The Great Vancouver Forest: A Story of Place." TEDx Talk, 21:04 min. Oct. 2019. Growing up among the tall forests near UBC, Ira Sutherland developed an appreciation and curiosity for forests early on. This talk invites his audience to explore Vancouver's extensive forests and to hopefully see trees in a new light (for more information, see http://www.vancouversbigtrees.com)
Nina Munteanu is a Canadian ecologist / limnologist and novelist. She is co-editor of Europa SF and currently teaches writing courses at George Brown College and the University of Toronto. Visit www.ninamunteanu.ca for the latest on her books. Nina's bilingual "La natura dell'acqua / The Way of Water" was published by Mincione Edizioni in Rome. Her non-fiction book "Water Is…" by Pixl Press(Vancouver) was selected by Margaret Atwood in the New York Times'Year in Reading' and was chosen as the 2017 Summer Read by Water Canada. Her novel "A Diary in the Age of Water" was released by Inanna Publications (Toronto) in June 2020.
The Group of Seven Reimagined: An Ekphrastic Celebration
February 8, 2020 April 16, 2020 / thealiennextdoor	/ 2 Comments
Shimmering Water by Lawren Harris
2020 marks the centenary of the formation of the Canadian iconic Group of Seven artists. The Group of Seven movement "dragged Canadian art into the modern age," writes Christine Sismondo of The Toronto Star in her review of "The Group of Seven Reimagined," an ekphrastic celebration of the Group of Seven by twenty-one flash fiction authors (including my own "Alien Landscape" inspired by J.E.H. MacDonald's Lake O'Hara). Sismondo astutely identifies and encapsulates the resonant meaning of the Group of Seven, then and now:
"A hundred years ago, seven Canadian painters got together and decided to start a movement. It was born out of the horrors of war. Now, the potential horrors of climate change are giving the movement an unexpected new life and meaning."
Jack Pine by Tom Thomson
Sismondo goes on to describe how the movement itself took form:
"At the time, people were trying to put the horrors and sacrifices of the Great War behind them and look to the future to reimagine and redefine Canada itself. It was a pivotal moment, given the role the country had recently played in international affairs and the challenges it faced in becoming an increasingly modern nation. These seven artists—friends and colleagues, many of whom worked together in a Toronto design firm—felt they could help shape this conversation with bold strokes and bright colours to bring out the beauty of the Canadian landscape."
But in those early days—and more than thirty years after Van Gogh painted Starry Night, Canada still wasn't ready for Impressionism, or any other art form whose roots came from that movement. Canadian critics disliked the Group of Seven. They were too modern, too experimental. The Group were dismissed as "the Hot Mush School" "a horrible bunch of junk" "the figments of a drunkard's dream" and "daubing by immature children."
Mirror Lake by Franklin Carmichael
In his article on the Group of Seven's reception in England vs Canada, Adam Bunch writes about the reception of the Group of Seven shortly after their formation after the First World War:
The Entrance to Halifax Harbour by A.Y. Jackson
"The reviews by Canadian critics were harsh. The Toronto Daily Star compared Jackson's work to "a spilt can of paint." But the English critics loved it. The Morning Post called the Group of Seven "the foundation of what may become one of the greatest schools of landscape painting." One piece of Canadian art was even sold during the British Empire Exhibition — and it was Jackson's. Entrance To Halifax Harbour was bought by the Tate Gallery. It's still part of their collection today."
"And despite the poor Canadian reviews, the show in London helped to establish the Group of Seven's reputation back home. Now that the British took the Group seriously, Canadian collectors started taking them seriously, too. The Group even used the bad press to promote their upcoming shows: they printed posters with the angry Canadian reviews side by side with the glowing English ones."
The Group of Seven Reimagined, published by Heritage House, was elegantly edited by flash fiction author Karen Schauber. Karen had invited me to contribute a piece of flash fiction (a piece of less than 500 words), inspired by a Group of Seven piece I would chose to inspire me. I took my time; this would be the first flash fiction piece I would write. It was an art form I was not familiar with, but was happy to experiment with. But I waited too long to decide and when I finally submitted my first choice for a painting, Karen informed me that it had already been selected by another writer. To my great frustration, this went on for a few pieces.
Shore Pattern by A.J. Casson
I finally took a short trip to the McMichael Gallery in Kleinburg to find my piece. In the main hall, I passed the pieces already claimed by my twenty colleagues; I sighed that I had waited so long. By chance, a large selection of artwork by J.E.H. MacDonald—one of the founders of the group—was currently on exhibit on the second floor. That was where I first saw the original oil sketch called Lake O'Hara by MacDonald. It was perfect! My story "Alien Landscape" emerged from the sketch like they had always belonged together.
Lake O'Hara by JEH MacDonald
The Star wrote: "while you might expect a lot of peaceful communing with nature on the page, a surprising number of the written pieces are actually dark tales of conflict and danger—forest fires, mining accidents, boat thieves and murderous plots in the woods. Nina Munteanu, a Canadian ecologist and science-fiction writer, takes J.E.H. MacDonald's Lake O'Hara in a novel direction in 'Alien Landscape' by reimagining it as a refuge for a space heroine fleeing a world that had destroyed nature in pursuit of progress and ended in post-apocalyptic chaos."
Gift shop at McMichael Gallery
The anthology has found itself gracing the gift shop shelves of several art galleries and museums such as the Royal BC Museum in Victoria, BC, and the McMichael Gallery in Kleinburg. It has likewise received much praise and accolades and appears on several 'best of' lists for ekphrastic works, art books, and more.
The anthology was long-listed for The Miramichi Reader's "The Very Best" Book Award for 2020. The Miramichi Reader writes:
Sunset in the Bush by Frank Johnston
"There's a very good reason that as I write this, The Group of Seven Reimagined, Contemporary Stories Inspired by Historic Canadian Paintings is sitting at, or near the top of bestseller lists in Canada (currently #3 on the Canadian Art bestseller list at Amazon.ca). The result is a most attractive book that any lover of art and literature would enjoy, even if they already have more than a passing familiarity with the iconic Group of Seven. All the stories that accompany each image are in the "flash fiction" style, just a page or two in length, a little story that the authors were inspired to write after choosing a particular G7 painting."
Jules Torti of Cottage Life describd the book this way:
"Seeking equilibrium? This book is like a yoga session without the scheduling logistics and hustle to class. Balance is found in The Group of Seven Reimagined both as an intelligent coffee table book and tangible source of meditation.
Authors of the anthology
Twenty-five writers with notable street cred contributed "flash fiction" to colour iconic paintings by the Group of Seven (and their tagalongs). Flash fiction are stories categorized by length—they are 500 words or less which means they allow for one decent, undistracted cup of dark roast or whisky on ice. For writers or artists, the temptation to reimagine these works will be irresistible. And, what an intriguing resolution to make! Fiction and paintings both rely on interpretation and consideration. Fill in the gaps and colours with your chosen or perhaps newly discovered medium (watercolour?). As Jim and Sue Waddington suggest in the foreword, an art gallery visit becomes suspended in time. We keep returning to certain paintings that resonate and haunt and inadvertently, 'Your mind sets off on a journey.'"
Author and reviewer Patricia Sandberg describes the anthology through metaphor: "Like a fine wine with dinner, some things cry out to be paired. In Reimagined, the nearly hundred-year-old brandy that was the Group of Seven is introduced to a fresh vibrant cuisine that is flash fiction, and both are the richer for it."
Stormy Weather by Frederick H. Varley
"As a disciple of the Group of Seven and an aficionado of Canadian wilderness, every page gives me a little leap of pleasure."—Robert Bateman
"These sharp, imaginative evocations of the world of the Group of Seven are both a joy in themselves and a welcome prompt to make us look at the paintings again. It's refreshing to find that, a century later, they still speak to us about our lives and our country."—Ross King, author of Defiant Spirits: The Modernist Revolution of the Group of Seven
Nina Munteanu with the anthology
"Words, the writer's paint, are artfully chosen and applied, not one wasted. The stories all compel the reader to dive beneath their surface and linger long after the reading is complete…In 1920 The Group of Seven introduced a new vision for the Canadian landscape. One hundred years later, twenty-one writers in the Group of Seven Reimagined offer a new lens for appreciating their art."—Ottawa Review of Books
"From one region of Canada to another, a national identity is captured and shared with writers all over the world who, in turn, have crafted beautiful flash fiction pieces that accompany and extend the meaning of the art."—Niles Reddick, Literary Heist
Nina Munteanu is a Canadian ecologist / limnologist and novelist. She is co-editor of Europa SF and currently teaches writing courses at George Brown College and the University of Toronto. Visit www.ninamunteanu.ca for the latest on her books. Nina's bilingual "La natura dell'acqua / The Way of Water" was published by Mincione Edizioni in Rome. Her non-fiction book "Water Is…" by Pixl Press (Vancouver) was selected by Margaret Atwood in the New York Times 'Year in Reading' and was chosen as the 2017 Summer Read by Water Canada. Her novel "A Diary in the Age of Water" will be released by Inanna Publications (Toronto) in May 2020.


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sofas/sectionals
stools/ottomans
cabinets / sideboards
baskets / magazine holders
vases / vessels
rugs / mats
bowls / platters
cheese boards / utensils
coasters / trivets
candles / home fragrance
totes / pouches
garden / landscape design
franz walderdorff
jody morlock
mike manthey
rose reilly
sabrina bruhwiler
susan kaufmann
suzi matthews
Home > art > franz walderdorff > bio
Franz Walderdorff's primary subject is beauty; he was on contract with Allure magazine from the day it launched and for the next 20 years, regularly contributing beauty pictures with the energy of a film-maker and the technical precision of a portraitist in an approach that precisely echoed the magazine's ethos. That easy-going feel, combined with visual high definition, is also what Walderdorff brings to his other work, whether in fashion or portraiture. Every element: from the choice of lighting, location and model through his comfortable, respectful rapport with his subjects, to the loyal team of experts he prefers to work with-contributes to this way of seeing. It's a truism that ultimately photographers only shoot their own personalities, but that is certainly the case with Walderdorff.
Walderdorff has shot striking behind-the-scenes images from all major women's fashion shows in New York, Paris and Milan. His work is always related to beauty, whether with a model in a studio, on location, in the locker room of a professional cheerleading team, or the dressing rooms of New York's most famous strip clubs and cabarets. When at home in Sag Harbor, German-born Walderdorff likes to spend time at the beach even in the winter months. It was here that his most recent project, "Connections", was created. This series of photos reflects the playful, ever-shifting movement of sand, water and sky. The abstract, contemplative images, at first viewing, make us wonder what we are looking at, at what scale and in what location.
Walderdorff had a one man show of 16 images entitled " Sand Games " at the Donna Karan Flagship Store in Manhattan in the spring of 2011. He is regularly published in Allure, Spanish and Chinese Vogue, Italian, British and German Glamour, and many other publications.
Connections #01
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A one time visit to bring you a free gift bag with items for you and your baby and information on local resources.
A one time visit to give you the opportunity to ask questions, talk about your pregnancy, and talk about your new baby and how it has impacted your life.
If you are interested and want more support, Healthy Families will offer you personal, weekly home visits by a trained individual who will bring you information based on your needs regarding your pregnancy and newborn.
Our referrals come from a variety of sources. Anyone can call and make a referral, in fact, we often receive self-referrals. Once a referral is received, a Family Support Specialist (FSS) will arrange for an appointment to meet with the family in their home or in the hospital.


A summer vacation aboard the Harwood College Showboat was an exciting prospect for Pam and Penny, the twins of Double Feature. To Penny, it meant being with Mike who had a job on the tugboat that pushed the old Regina from town to town along the Ohio River. To Pam it meant a chance to act, and perhaps a leading role in one of the gala showboat performances.


Since the Milwaukee Board of School Directors gave MPS superintendent Dr. Gregory Thornton an extra month to work out a relocation site for the early childhood education program at 68th Street School, which the board voted in December to close at the end of this school year, community activists have been busy working on a plan of their own.
However, after a number of meetings, preparing a 47-page proposal to merge 68th Street's program into nearby 81st Street School, going door to door in three neighborhoods that surround the two schools, the community members are concerned that the plan isn't even being considered by MPS administration, which now has a pitch to make, too.
The district proposal is on the agenda of next week's full board meeting and it seems likely the community proposal will come up in that discussion. The ball is now firmly in the board's court.
But frustration has apparently been bubbling to the surface over recent weeks as community members and 68th Street School staffers have felt that they are not being taken seriously by district officials.
At a public meeting on Tuesday night at the Enderis Park Fieldhouse, attended by school board directors Jeff Spence, Meagan Holman and Dave Voeltner – as well as Ald. Jim Bohl – organizers said they feel that MPS regional executive specialist Keith Posley – who oversees the region that includes both schools and who is meant to be the community's access point to Dr. Thornton – has been shutting them out.
On Thursday morning, Posley visited 68th Street School to meet with staffers and community organizers and informed them the administration would move forward with a plan to permanently move the 68th Street School program to Kluge School, four miles to the north.
Posley also told them that any plan for turning 81st Street School into a neighborhood school (as the community proposal suggests) would be considered separately, echoing a statement by Spence at Tuesday's meeting that the plans for the two schools are viewed by MPS as unrelated discussions.
"We just received the proposal this morning," said MPS spokesman Tony Tagliavia in an email Thursday evening. Wednesday was the deadline for getting an item on the agenda for next week's meeting.
"We're always happy to hear from families and their thoughts about the future of Milwaukee Public Schools. We certainly will review the plan. The new plan was presented to us (Thursday) morning. The Kluge plan was put into the process for board consideration (on Wednesday).
Tagliavia said that the administration's Kluge proposal emerged from "extensive review by administration and consideration of no fewer than eight alternative scenarios." He did not elaborate on the nature of those scenarios nor whether or not a merger with 81st Street School was among them.
One of the sticky issues in the proposed merger is that it includes moving three grade levels – sixth, seventh and eighth grade – out of 81st Street School to create capacity for the incoming 68th Street School program. The plan would transform a K-8 school into a K3-5 program.
The district currently receives no state funding for K3 students.
Bohl, who represents the Cooper Park and Kops Park neighborhoods, and Ald. Michael Murphy, whose district includes Enderis Park and Lenox Heights, have written letters of support that form part the community proposal that was created with the assistance and support of the neighborhood associations in Lenox Heights, Enderis East, Enderis Park and Cooper Park.
At Tuesday's meeting, Bohl echoed the community proposal's assertions that these neighborhoods are home to many families with young children and that most do not enroll in 81st Street School.
Although 81st Street School, a mile west of 68th Street's current building, is considered a neighborhood school under the 2000 MPS Neighborhood Schools initiative, Witt said at Tuesday's meeting that only around 60 neighborhood kids attend the school, which has an enrollment of about 310 students.
It was noted at that meeting that more kids in the area choose Wauwatosa and Elmbrook public schools via open enrollment than choose 81st Street School. There are also a number of private, religious schools in the neighborhoods.
Bohl believes MPS is missing the boat in neighborhoods such as these where parents are saying – in this case via more than 350 signatures on a petition supporting the merger proposal – that they want to attend MPS, but don't feel there is a successful enough program there to make it a viable choice.
Witt confirmed that MPS administration did, in fact, receive the final proposal on Thursday, but said she believed the district was aware of the proposal throughout the process.
She said that four school board members, plus aldermen and others have attended the public meetings on the proposal. Other board members were contacted and kept apprised of the developments, too.
"Administration has known the entire time what we were working on, but no one asked to assist us or to work with our community. Jeff Spence said on Tuesday it was because Mr. Posely and Dr. Thornton assumed that it was only the 68th Street teachers putting all of this together, and that Mr. Posely hadn't realized that this had turned into much wider community effort.
The neighborhood groups and 68th Street School community will move ahead with their proposal, which they are presenting to all board members in advance of next week's meeting. The organizers met with the staff at 81st Street School on Thursday to seek its engagement in the process.
But the board could render that plan moot if it votes to accept the administration's proposal to move the 68th Street program to Kluge at its January meeting. It remains unclear how such a vote will turn out.
"The administration's recommendation is based on what the Milwaukee Board of School Directors told them to do," Spence said in an email on Friday.


text:
FIA clarifies rules on rear view mirror mountings
Ferrari were the first to push the envelope when it came to rules regarding rear-view mirrors mounted on the Halo device, their system – featuring winglets – was deemed illegal and since then the FIA have clarified the conditions of the ruling.
Teams were informed ahead of the race weekend in Baku that mirrors could be attached to the Halo, soon after Ferrari showed up with mirrors dangling from the Halo, but above that they crafted winglets which have caused all the fuss.
Although F1 race director Charlie Whiting insisted that the system used by Ferrari would not be allowed from Monaco and beyond, the team ran the 'winglet' mirrors throughout the two days of testing this week.
Nevertheless, as the matter has hit a gray area of sorts, the FIA took action to address the confusion while clarifying the criteria for Halo mounted mirrors going forward.
In a memo to teams, the FIA stated:
"Whilst the FIA accepts that teams will legitimately design the mirrors, housings and mountings to minimise any negative aerodynamic effects they may cause, we believe that any aerodynamic benefits should be incidental, or at least minimal," said the FIA in a statement.
"In order to ensure this is the case all mountings must:
Provide a meaningful structural contribution to the mounting system. If you use more than one mounting you may be asked to satisfy us, by way of a physical test, to demonstrate this.
Be mounted to the lower and/or inboard surface(s) of the mirror housing.
"As the criteria for determining the eligibility of a mounting are to some extent subjective, the FIA would be available to discuss the legality of a new design before you introduce it in a race, to avoid wasting resource, time or money."
"The FIA expect to have full compliance with the present technical directive by the next race."
Big Question: Is the matter of 'winglet' mirrors a storm in a teacup?
banbannedFerrarihaloillegalmirrors
Horner: F1 has the ability to shoot itself in the foot
Ricciardo: Why can't we have the hypersoft at every race?


An investor or trader who is willing to take large risks for a chance to make large gains.
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In the futures market, a speculator is a trader who hopes to profit from a directional move in the underlying instrument and attempts to anticipate price changes and, through buying and selling futures contracts, aims to make profits.
A speculator doesn?t use the futures market in connection with the production, processing, marketing, or handling of a product. The speculator has no interest in making or taking delivery.


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The project encompasses research laboratories, animal research facilities, conference center and infrastructure projects created by a five-phase combination of new construction, gut-renovation and restoration of historically significant laboratory buildings and an addition to an existing animal facility.
Program and project management, budget/financial management, owner's representation.
Retained by Board to provide third party oversight and management services from GMP review through move-in.


text:
Fortinet Announces First Set Of New Additions To Secure App Delivery Portfolio
Business/Biztech hidden Feb 03, 2017 00:11:03 IST
Network security company, Fortinet has announced the first set of new additions to its secure application delivery product portfolio. These are a direct result of the company's recent acquisitions of Coyote Point Systems and XDN.
The FortiADC-300E is a high-performance application delivery controller (ADC) for mid-sized enterprises that combines traditional load balancing with advanced features that route traffic at the application level and offload secure HTTPS transactions from servers. FortiDirector is a hosted Global Server Load Balancing (GSLB) service for medium and large enterprises, Application Service Providers (ASPs) and Software as a Service (SaaS) providers that bridges application traffic across multiple data centers and works with the FortiADC, FortiBalancer and Coyote Point Equaliser application delivery product lines. Together, the appliances and the service greatly enhance application performance for end users.
"To meet the rapid growth of secure applications, enterprises are demanding the integration of high performance security features into all aspects of their IT infrastructure, especially beginning at the front door with the application delivery controller," said John Maddison, vice president of marketing for Fortinet. "As a logical extension to Fortinet's leadership in the high performance network security market, the FortiADC-300E and FortiDirector combine to offer blazing fast HTTP performance, high reliability and optimised support of secure traffic across multiple data centers."
Based on Coyote Point's top-selling Equalizer E370LX application delivery appliance, FortiADC-300E extends the current FortiADC lineup into the mid-market with the highest performance and best value in its class. Key features include:
Up to 4.8 Gbps of L4 throughput and up to 75,000 L7 requests per second provides class-leading performance that can handle almost any medium-sized business application environment.
7,500 HTTPS transactions per second helps to offload secure application traffic from servers to increase application performance and improve end-user response times.
Advanced L7 policy-based routing gives customers granular control of traffic no matter how complex the application or data center infrastructure.
Multiple high-availability failover options include Multi-Active N+M failover. This feature puts spare appliances to work instead of sitting idle while waiting for a failover to occur.
IPv6 6-in-4 Tunneling helps organisations easily manage the transition to IPv6 by translating IPv6 traffic at the ADC level and routing it to destinations on an IPv4 network.
FortiDirector GSLB is a hosted service using XDN's CloudDirector platform providing a new level of application delivery to the FortiADC product family. Most GSLB solutions for application delivery reside on the ADC or require a separate appliance. With FortiDirector, instead of requiring GSLB to be managed within a customer's IT infrastructure, the service elevates it to a global DNS-based network that routes traffic anywhere in the world quickly and reliably.
FortiDirector's DNS resolution can route traffic to any externally available IP address. This offers the ability to connect to applications managed by any of Fortinet's ADC solutions and provides interoperability with existing ADC appliances from other manufacturers. It's also one of a handful of solutions in the market that can route traffic to single servers without requiring an ADC or a hosted server solution. Key features of FortiDirector include:
Load balance any protocol through DNS-based GSLB to span any Web-based application across multiple data centers.
Advanced API-based health checking routes traffic to best performing resources based on server and network health.
Route traffic based on closest servers to reduce latency or by time of day to take advantage of off-hour discounts with ISPs.
Powerful real-time reporting gives up-to-the minute status of an application's performance.
Pay-as-you-go cloud service model scales easily without the hassle of managing new hardware or software.
Application environments and business rules only take minutes to set up and are updated within minutes across FortiDirector's global network.
Updated Date: Feb 03, 2017 00:11:03 IST
Tags : ADC, ASP, Fortinet, GSLB, MSE, SaaS, Security
Homeland Security report warns of 'dangerous overcrowding' in Texas migrant detention centres, calls situation a 'ticking timebomb'
Chipmaker Broadcom is in talks to buy cybersecurity company Symantec: Report
Fake Samsung update app installed by more than 10 million users from the Play Store
Apple iPhones could have smaller notch in 2020; no notch by 2021: Report


text:
Ascot and Haydock
Both Haydock and Wincanton hold early morning inspections tomorrow but there's nothing planned at Ascot where the feature is the Victor Chandler Chase at 2.25. Last week Paul Nicholls' odds-on chance Kauto Star was turned over in the big race of the day - he won't want a repeat with Master Minded who is priced 4/6 favourite with most layers. On official ratings Master Minded has fifteen pounds and upwards in hand over these rivals so there will be plenty of us trying to pick one at a price that can run into a place. Earlier in the week Ferdy Murphy was upbeat about Kalahari King's chances but I've always felt this horse is better on decent ground; the Ryanair at Cheltenham is his target which would suggest connections think he may prefer further now he's getting older. I'll take an each-way chance with Nick Williams' Gauvain (20/1 Stan James and bet365). This one fairly bolted up at Cheltenham on his first run for the yard but then failed to build on that effort when a well-beaten fifth behind Master Minded in the Tingle Creek. The stable wasn't in the best of form at that time but things look better now with three winners, nine placed in the past fortnight - I'm hoping Gauvain can bounce back.
Last Friday I pointed out that Paul Nicholls' win strike rate in the previous two weeks was 11.11% compared to Nicky Henderson's 36.84%. A week later and the Nicholls figure has improved to 19.35% but Henderson's is an incredible 42.86% (18 wins from 42 runs) - his runners are likely to prove popular tomorrow at a track where he has traditionally done well. Carole's Legacy will be amongst the best supported and on form and official ratings she's the one to beat in the 1.50 but I'll chance L'accordioniste if the mare is priced around the 11/4 mark. Sparky May isn't lightly dimissed.
No selection in the 2.55 but there are some interesting contenders nonetheless including Soldatino (last year's Triumph winner), Notus De La Tour (second in the Fred Winter) and Walkon (second to Zaynar in the 2009 Triumph), although Walkon only goes here if Haydock is called off. Writing in the Weekender Alan King has a mention for new arrival Bygones In Brid now owned by Tottenham manager Harry Redknapp. I thought I saw the horse declared here but the similarly-named Bygones Of Brid is trained in Newcastle by Karen McLintock and is owned by Mr James Callow. Bygones In Brid is expected to run in a bumper before the end of the month.
Some small fields at Haydock where Peddlers Cross bids to keep his unbeaten record in the Champion Hurdle Trial - of course, he'll be no price whatsoever. Thirteen go in the Peter Marsh where Nina Carberry's mount Becauseicouldntsee and Maktu, fifth in the Welsh National, caught my eye but also everyone else's unfortunately. Palypso De Creek was second to Our Vic in this last year but has been well out of from this term. In an open event Trevor Hemmings' course and distance winner King Fontaine (13/2 Coral) is the tentative suggestion.
The Liverpool Echo Novices' Chase is intriguing. Course and distance winner Wymott receives weight from all his rivals and is marked up favourite but on their day any of the five could win. Robinson Collonges looked highly tried when ninth behind seasoned handicappers at Cheltenham the last time - on the book he appears to have the beating of Philip Hobbs' Wishfull Thinking, one held in high regard by his handler. Cape Tribulation is talented but something of an enigma while the marvellously-named The Giant Bolster fell the last time when in the mix in a race won by Time For Rupert. For those prepared to oppose, Robinson Collonges would appear the percentage call (9/4 generally) but Stan James' 16/1 about The Giant Bolster is too big and can be taken each-way a quarter the odds.
Posted by GeeDee at 7:03 pm
Labels: ascot, haydock
GeeDee said...
To paraphase the great Jeffrey Bernard on the subject of betting,sometimes you'd be better off taking your money out of the bank and flushing it straight down the toilet.
That sentiment perfectly encapsulated my feelings after watching both Ascot selections run like drains. The game was up with Gauvain (20/1) after the first fence - he came home fifth but was never in with a remote chance of making a place and on occasions showed a tendency to drift left at the obstacles. Master Minded (4/7f) barely clung on to take the spoils by a short-head from Somersby (8/1) who would have won in another stride. Books have eased MM out to 5/2f for the Champion Chase but I buy into McCoy's explanation that he sent his mount on too early on ground that was plenty soft enough. Given the stable's in and out form at the moment, I'm sure a different Master Minded will turn up at the Festival - for me he's still the one to beat. I don't tend to bet ante-post but if this horse drifts out to 3/1 or bigger in the coming weeks, I'll reconsider. Kalhari King ran a stormer in fourth after being practically carried out at the ninth - he looks worth bearing in mind for Cheltenham.
L'accordionsite (100/30) disappointed badly and didn't hurdle fluently enough to have any chance of winning -the mare came home a distance behind the winner in sixth. Carole's Legacy (even money) had to settle for second behind the game Sparky May (7/1); Pat Rodford's charge is 11/1 with Paddy Power for the David Nicholson mares' hurdle on the opening day of the Festival.
Despite plenty of bullish noises from track officals on Friday, Haydock's top class card was called off after overnight temperatures went down to -4C...
The day after the Trials
Festival Trials Day
Weekend snippets
The day after the King George...
Kempton and Warwick
Telling it as it is...
Chepstow's Welsh National card
Noted this new year


The head of the Secret Service, Julia Pierson, resigned today over yet another revelation of a security fumble...adding to its long list of lapses in judgement.
Speaking of security, U.S. airstrikes are reportedly happening despite intelligence gaps -- which makes the Iraqi army plane accidentally dropping off food and ammunition to ISIS forces all the more fitting.
Not to mention the failed online counter-propaganda efforts rooted in inter-agency squabbling and the failure to fully understand how much Turkey will actually help out against ISIS in favor of letting them decimate separatist Kurds.
At least President Obama finally admitted to underestimating ISIS, Now we just need him to admit to overestimating the competence of his confidants.


Xiaomi Redmi Note 6 Pro is expected to release October 2018. It is a latest mobile in the market. It has 12 MP, 5 MP primary camera with 20 MP, 2 MP selfie camera. It is going to support microSD card upto 256 GB and internal memory of 64 GB, 4/6 GB RAM or 32 GB, 3 GB RAM. It has non-removable Li-Po 4000 mAh battery. It is available in 4 different colors like black, blue, rose gold and red. Xiaomi Redmi Note 6 Pro price is about 200 EUR or $220 or 30,000 PKR.


As the caregiver shortage continues to worsen across the nation, an alternative business model for home care workers is gaining ground thanks to a new grant project funded by the AARP Foundation.
Creating a sustainable pathway to expand home care cooperatives is one goal of the $200,000, two-year grant to Capital Impact Partners from the AARP Foundation's Evidence-based Solutions for Vulnerable Older Adults.
The project is a national effort to scale existing home care cooperatives, which are worker-owned businesses and alternatives to traditional home care companies. Capital Impact Partners is a nonprofit community development financial institution that has disbursed more than $2 billion to revitalize communities and incubate social programs.
The project aims to support the home care workforce by studying and analyzing how to make cooperatives sustainable and scalable.


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Langstroth hive inspection. Checking the honey stores.
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Beekeeping can be a full-time profession or a hobby that is simple. Nonetheless, more often than not, what started as a hobby would turn into a profession. But you cannot merely tell and determine yourself you will start to do beekeeping. You need to have sufficient knowledge and understanding on the subject that you're going to enter before starting on any avocation or profession. Then it is about time to indulge yourself in your line of interest if you've been putting off your interest in beekeeping for quite a long time. Bee farming may appear easy; learning the fundamental beekeeping lessons can allow you to get off to a good beginning.
You should have complete interest on beekeeping to start at the right foot. You should have also agreed to share your dwelling space with the bees. There are possible dangers in beekeeping that can harm not only you but your family too. Your focus is not just to make money by selling honey; a good beekeeper should have fire and a keen interest in raising bees.
An apiarist should know the right place for the beehives. The place must have sufficient sources of nectar for the bees to get. You need certainly to make sure that beekeeping is enabled in your area if you decide to put your beehives at your backyard. There are several places restricted to beekeeping; you should get permission concerning this.
Beekeepers must understand whether beekeeping supplies are offered in the region where the beehives are situated. You may never understand when you have to go to a nearby beekeeping store; it is best that a nearby beekeeping store is reachable.
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text:
var db = require('../../config').db
var mongoose = require('mongoose')
var log = require('../log/log').getLog('MONGO')

module.exports = function setup (app) {

  mongoose.connect(db, function (err, res) {
    if (err) {
      log.error('ERROR: connectiong to Database. ' + err)
    } else {
      log.info('Connected to Database ' + db)
    }
  })
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The size of the wage gap also depends on the type of job, and it's probably exactly the opposite way you think.
Studies have shown that women tend to negotiate raises and starting salaries less often then men. And even when they do negotiate, research shows, they tend to get smaller raises than male counterparts.
Lazarto urged women looking for raises to create what she calls a "Kudos File." That's a folder of emails and notes they've received from work colleagues, clients and customers, raving about the job they did.
"Save that file and when you go to your boss, you can say: 'Here's why I should get a raise,'" Lazarrrto said.