This section covers JSA-related series which are (intentionally or not) "out of continuity." Listed alphabetically by title. Since the Infinite Crisis, some Elseworlds tales have been given their own Earth in the new multiverse. If so, this is noted in the header.
The Golden Age trade paperback (1995); art by Paul Smith.
After successfully transferring his brain into the body of Mister America in 1945, the Ultra-Humanite rises in political power and develops a way to create a "superman." He transplants the brain of Adolf Hitler into Dan Dunbar, creating a new American hero, Dynaman. "Tex Thompson" is betrayed by his wife, Miss America, who finds his journals and gives them to her old All-Star friends. The story references January 1950, when Alan Scott is summoned to the HUAC hearings.
Although this was an "Elseworlds" series, it's themes were powerful enough to make it into mainstream comics as well. The most prominent of these is James Robinson's continued development of Starman, which began here in The Golden Age. Other things introduced include the potential evil in Captain Triumph (1st post-Crisis appearance) and the fall of the Tigress. It features first-time DC appearances by some Quality heroes—Joe Hercules, "Stormy" Foster, Wildfire, Madame Fatal, Doll Girl; plus Red Torpedo, Neon, the Spider, Firebrand and the Red Bee; and and other obscure "All-Stars" such as Captain X.
For more deatils on James Robinson's intent for this series, read my interview in The Quality Companion!
From JSA: The Liberty File #2 (2000); art by Tony Harris.
When narrated, the Liberty File stories are told by the Bat. You can read both series collected in one trade paperback.
STORY: 1942: In the days of World War II, an albino psychopath, Jack the Grin (the Joker), intercepts knowledge of a Nazi secret weapon. When Jack is apprehended, he escapes, bringing the plane and its American Agents down in Egypt.
The Bat and Clock next meet another agent, Terry Sloane (Mister Terrific) in Bern, Switzerland. While recovering from injuries, the Owl is attacked and killed by a Nazi agent called the Scarecrow. In the ensuing firefight, Sloane's fiancee, Eva, is also killed.
The next series, The Unholy Three reveals that the Americans do not perfect the nuclear bomb until 1948. Instead of bombs, it is the super-men that win the war for the Allies.
ROLL CALL: The Clock, The Owl (deceased), The Bat, Mister Terrific, Canary, Ted Grant (deceased), Johann (the Martian), Robin, Super-Man.
STORY: In 1944, following their infamous mission, Terry Sloane's hatred for the Bat over his fiancee's death was so great, he nearly killed Wayne in revenge. He later went to work for Tyler Chemicals.
1948: In Berlin, a rogue KGB agent called the Parasite tortured and killed Sandy Hawkins and Johnny Thunder for information. J'onn J'onnz now worked on the moon helping NASA construct a base. In Gotham, the Bat pursued Harvey Dent, who had been transformed into a half-monster by Arcane's magic. When Bruce returned home, he found Gen. Maitland waiting to ask him to return to service. By this time, they have prepared Clark Kent, Super-Man, for service, too. Bruce recalled his old ally, Rick Tyler, who had been researching a way to duplicate Kent's powers.
Zod revealed that he was sentenced at age 11 to the Phantom Zone on Krypton. Later on Earth, American scientists in the "Wormhole Project" freed him. The boy lived with the Kents, under government supervision. When Zod rejoined his "allies," they met a deep cover agent, the Sandman. He told them the Soviets had a trigger that could detonate every nuclear weapon across the globe. They're to meet the Lantern later at a social event for more information. Zod intercepted the intel then killed the Lantern. He knew that the "trigger project" produced a kind of radiation that could cripple him.
Dodds warned the others, and the Bat called all available agents to stop Zod from finding the trigger. From across Eurasia, the Atom, Mercury, the Hawk, Tornado and the Huntress responded. They converged on the city of Chernobyl, where another deep cover agent, the Star, fought Super-Man. Zod killed the Atom and the Hawk before Terry Sloane arrived with Tyler's own experimental super-serum. The Bat injected the serum and was transformed into a powerhouse. He and the Star managed to unleash the project's radiation on Zod, but activated the reactor/trigger as well. Using the Star's cosmic rod, he, the Bat, and the Clock combined will power to contain Zod and the reactor, and sent them into space, where he exploded.
ROLL CALL: The Bat, the Clock, Super-Man (turned), Johnny Thunder (deceased), Sandy Hawkins (deceased), Shiera Saunders (deceased), Pemberton (deceased), the Sandman, the Lantern (deceased), the Atom (deceased), Mercury, the Hawk (deceased), Tornado, the Huntress, the Star, Mr. Terrific.
From Countdown: Arena #1 (2008); art by Scott McDaniel.
This particular interpretation of the 52 universes has been revised in the wake of DC's "New 52" relaunch. The fate of this Batman is uncertain.
An early promotional cover for the series, before it was absorbed by DC.
Johannes (right) and Michael Keene and Mr. Teagle.
From JSA Liberty Files: The Whistling Skull #1 and #6 (2013); art by Tony Harris.
Left: The Whistling Skull and Knuckles. Right: Hellman's Karneval. From JSA Liberty Files: The Whistling Skull #3 and #4 (2013); art by Tony Harris.
In this "universe," the Justice Society is a loose term used to describe a network of 52 groups of adventurers (whose missions sometimes intersect). Skull introduces a number of British heroes, both super-powered and non-, who work for a network called the Skeleton, an agency Teagle and Sons, run by Mr. Teagle and Dr. Archibald Moon. (#2) The Whistling Skull is a British operative who possesses the memories of his predecessors. His horrible visage is not supernatural, but a mask. (DC's original Dr. Moon first appeared in Batman #240, 1972).
Another group of the 52 is the Boy Commandos, who appear in issue #4; Brooklyn and Andre are named. The Boy Commandos were created by Simon and Kirby, all the way back in Boy Commandos #1, 1942. The trade paperback reveals, in a memo by John Thunder (U.S. federal liaison to the 52), that Capt. Hop Harrigan and his men were another cell.
The trade paperback of this series included new material from the creators which revealed additional secrets and clarified some things.
Singleton's son, Nigel, first met young William Massey in London, in 1925. Being a rather "slow" child, Nigel had few friends. The boys' friendship became a brother-like bond, one noticed by Nigel's father. It moved John Singleton to name William Massey as his successor, the seventh Whistling Skull. What's more, Nigel Singleton possessed innate super-strength. When John went missing, Mr. Teagle recruited William for the Skull position. They told him that Singleton had died, a fact which Massey chose to withhold from Nigel. The Whistling Skull has no super-powers, but thanks to the mental abilities of Dr. Moon, he has all the memories of his predecessors. Nigel's fists are as tough as steel due to the ointment given to him by his father.
The boys found Hellman's laboratory but the villain escaped. In their inevitable clash, William took a knife to the chest and one of Hellmanm's monsters turns out to be Johannes's brother, Viktor. (#5) To help him win against Hellman, the Skull recieved help from another (unnamed) agent. From this agent's lab inside Big Ben, William was given a teleportation device in the form of a pocket watch. It could only use once, and the watch allowed the Skull to gain the upper hand against Hellman, who was finally captured. En route to his incarceration, Hellman's train was stopped by the Gestapo and he went with them.
The series also featured the first appearance of an unnamed, multinational group of young soldiers (Brooklyn, Jan, and others).
From Superman/Batman Genereations II #1 (2001); art by John Byrne.
In this tale, Superman and Batman, along with most other original Golden Age DC heroes, debut in the 1930s-40s and form the Justice Society. Their JSA lasts until the "Silver Age," adding members who normally would have founded the Justice League. The heroes who normally founded the Teen Titans become the Justice League instead.
The first Generations series did not deal with the super-groups, only the title characters.


text:
YES! Club Contests
Yes Squad
Ingham County Fair
Quick links... News Weather Closings & Delays YES! Club Contests Yes Squad Around Town Women Business Leaders Ingham County Fair Mi Summer
NIU rallies from 14-point deficit, tops EMU 30-27 in OT
Jonathan Daniel

DEKALB, IL - OCTOBER 26: of the Northern Illinois Huskies of the Eastern Michigan Eagles at Brigham Field on October 26, 2013 in DeKalb, Illinois. (Photo by Jonathan Daniel/Getty Images)

Marcus Jones had the only touchdown in overtime and Northern Illinois scored on three of its final four drives to rally past Eastern Michigan 30-27 on Thursday night.
Eastern Michigan's Paul Fricano missed three field goals, including a 42-yarder at the end of regulation. He opened the extra period with a 35-yard field goal after the Eagles ran three plays. D.J. Brown gained 12-yards along the right side on NIU's first play of OT and Jones won it with a 9-yard run.
Marcus Childerswas 23 of 40 for 278 yards and two touchdowns for Northern Illinois (6-2, 4-0 Mid-American Conference). Brown made seven catches for 104 yards and a score.
NUI took a 7-0 lead after Brown broke a tackle and raced for a 69-yard touchdown reception. On EMU's next offensive play, Sergio Bailey II was left wide open over the middle for a 68-yard TD.
Eastern Michigan (2-6, 0-4) went ahead 14-7 after Mathew Sexton's blocked punt and Jaron Johnson' recovery in the end zone. It was the Eagles' first blocked punt for a score since Nathan Adams' TD against Morgan State in 2014.
Before the game, NIU unveiled a bronze statue of its former Siberian husky mascot Diesel outside of Huskie Stadium. He gained national attention after high-fiving a cheerleader on ESPN in 2013.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
By Jodi Wei Opinions September 21, 2016
Brown's provision of free tampons raises question for similar movement at Wellesley
Photo courtesy of Max Fleishman
Aunt Flo. Carrie at the prom. That time of the month. Whatever coy name we attach to it, there's no denying that periods are a pain in the, well, everywhere. The physical and emotional stresses of periods are bemoaned every month, and to a lesser degree, the financial stresses are as well. As the tampon tax is battled within state legislatures, Brown University's decision to provide free pads and tampons in both male and female bathrooms signals the turning of the red tide towards a more female and transgender-inclusive society and should inspire other schools like Wellesley to follow suit.
The social implications of Brown University's decision is monumental. Even in 2016, periods are a taboo that many refuse to acknowledge, but that has been changing since Chinese Olympic swimmer Fu Yuanhui earned praise for speaking candidly about her period.
Brown takes it one step further, however, by recognizing that it's not just women who menstruate. The school's actions are not at all a political statement, as some may believe, but rather an attempt at inclusivity in a time defined by things like North Carolina's controversial Public Facilities Privacy and Security Act, more commonly referred to as the Bathroom Bill, which bars transgender people from using the restroom facilities for the genders they identify with.
Historically speaking, talk of periods and women's general reproductive health has unquestionably been suppressed. Ancient Jewish communities had special huts lacking in basic amenities built to sequester menstruating women, who were regarded as dirty and impure.
Thankfully, we've gotten past the point of literal ostracization, but there's no question that discussions about periods are marked by continual nervousness. Eventually, periods will be talked about openly and honestly. While total transparency may not be achieved in 2016, the year has seen an exponential explosion of period talk, a good sign for those optimistic enough to hope for veritable equality.
Despite efforts made in various states to eliminate the 'tampon tax', there is still strong opposition to removing the tax and providing free products in public restrooms rooted in ages-old misogyny. Even so, more and more people are beginning to realize that it's not feasible to ask so much for a product that fulfills a basic biological imperative.
In an interview with President Obama, YouTube personality Ingrid Nilsen stumped the President by questioning the reason why a luxury tax would be placed on tampons since she "didn't think there was anyone who has a period that thinks it's a luxury."
Socially, the move to provide free feminine hygiene products is monumental, but let's take a step back and actually calculate an approximation of what it will cost a menstruating individual to cover the cost of feminine hygiene products in the four years they are at Wellesley. Periods occur for an average of three to seven days.
Let's just say that four tampons or two pads are used per day for five days. At 20 tampons or ten pads per cycle, with 48 cycles in four years, and $7 for 36-count packages of each product at Walgreens, the total comes out to approximately $190 and $95 for tampons and pads, respectively. We might not be trading a kidney for these products, but there's no denying that paying for pads and tampons is a costly nuisance that can be circumvented.
With an endowment of $1.854 billion, according to 2015 numbers, Wellesley is the highest endowed women's college in the world. To supply pads and tampons for the approximately 2,400 students enrolled, it would cost about $171,000 per year if both tampons and pads were provided. If Wellesley and other women's colleges were to join Brown in providing free feminine hygiene products, the dominos that are coeducational universities and schools could easily begin to topple until the obstacle of the federal government is knocked over and laws designed to finally help women are enacted.
Change of any kind is incremental, but in this case, the change must overcome ingrained personal and public censorship and social stigma. Brown University's announcement has reinvigorated a conversation that has been going on for centuries, only now it's being heard by all.
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Partner Alliance Program
Wiring the Border
PurchaseSoft, Inc. is proud to partner with the following leaders in business-to-business integration, consulting, software application and platform technology. To learn more about PurchaseSoft's Partner Program, please contact us at partners@purchasesoft.com.
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Headquartered in Billerica, Mass. with offices throughout the world, SilverStream delivers software and services to help Global 2000 organizations extend their business to the Web. For more information, please visit www.silverstream.com.
PurchaseSoft selected to enable international trade
PurchaseSoft has been selected by the U.S.-Mexico Chamber of Commerce to help pioneer an important trade initiative called "Wiring the Border." Created in response to the shared vision of the United States and Mexico to bring NAFTA into the Internet age, Wiring the Border will initially connect hundreds, and eventually thousands, of small- and medium-size suppliers to promote cross-border trade.
PurchaseSoft's eProcurement software was chosen to power the Wiring the Border initiative because we have the right combination of software technology, administrative, technical and support teams, and the right insights to the entrepreneurial spirit to enable trade between companies of different sizes and disparate levels of technology.
The Chamber and its alliance partner Cornerstone Communications plan to conduct marketplace seminars in key border communities to introduce companies along the border to the buying offices of large businesses and the federal buying community. You can learn more about the Wiring the Border initiative by reading our recent press release or visiting www.usmcoc.org.


Apply Now for Jadavpur University Admission 2019 !!!! Jadavpur University is a public state university situated in Kolkata, West Bengal, India in the year of 1955. University was ranked on 9th positions among engineering college by NIRF in India in 2017.
Before applying for Jadavpur University Admission 2019 for UG/PG courses, 12th/Graduation passed aspirants are advised to check Application Form dates, eligibility criteria etc. Jadavpur University offers various courses at undergraduate, postgraduate and at the doctoral level.
This is one of the prominent University has affiliations with National Assessment & Accreditation Council (NAAC), University Grants Commission (UGC), Association of Indian University (AIU). Candidates can apply for Jadavpur University Admission by submitting online application form till the last date given below.
University has two urban campuses one in Jadavpur and another in Salt Lake. Jadavpur University was ranked 9 among engineering college by NIRF in India in 2017. NIRF overall ranked it 5th among universities.
To get the admission in M. P.ED courses, candidates should complete their Bachelor of Physical Education (B.P.Ed) or Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) in Health and Physical Education with at least 50% marks. Those candidates who belong to SC/ST/PD category should have 40% marks.
To fill the Jadavpur University M.A Admission Form, aspirants should have bachelor degree. Students of final year can apply for the same.
They should have 3-year Honours degree from a recognized University with at least 50% marks (45% for PD/OBC-A/OBC-B category and 40% for SC/ST category) in Honours/Major papers.
Candidates must have M.A / M.Sc / B.E / B.Tech / B.A/ B.Sc. (with Honours/Major) degree to get the admission in diploma courses.
For the M.A in Journalism & Mass communication, candidates should pay the course fee of Rs. 60,000/- (Rs. 30,000/- per year).
Selection of the candidates will be based on the written test that will conduct by the Jadavpur University. Marks obtained in the previous courses will be measured.
Economics [5-year Integrated B.A(Hons.) & M.A course] Marks obtained by the candidates in Mathematics shall be added in the final score.
Sanskrit and Sociology On the basis of aggregate marks obtained in the H.S. /Equivalent Examination.
1) 50% weightage to the aggregate percentage obtained in H.S./Equivalent Examination.
2) 50% weightage to the performance in a written test.
English All candidates will have to appear in a two-and-a-half-hour admission test.
How to Apply for the Jadavpur University Admission ?
To fill the Jadavpur University Admission Form, candidates should go through the below mentioned steps on this page.
After reading the notification carefully, you have to hit on "Apply online" tab in order to fill the Jadavpur University UG Admission Form.
Jadavpur University Jadavpur University M.A Application Form will appear on your screen.
You have to fill the Jadavpur University online application form with all the asked details.
Also, you have to upload scanned copies of all the relevant documents, testimonials and certificates along with recent passport size photograph along with Jadavpur University PG Admission Form.
At last, you have to hit on "submit" tab and also take print out of the Jadavpur University Application Form for further usage.
Candidates can get the details about Jadavpur University Admission 2019 from this page. For more updates you can check the above mentioned official link.


Lara Dimitrijevic during the femicide march.
Christmas is a time to pause for reflection, a perfect time to look back at the year gone past and contemplate on the year ahead. It is a time to remember what saddened us, what inspired us and gave us hope as well as a time to ponder on what's next.
So how was 2018 for women in Malta and what lies ahead in 2019?
This year we transposed the Istanbul Convention into our laws. I was so thrilled when it happened because finally Malta had a law that recognised that violence against women is a breach of a woman's human right. Yet, I was shocked in with what ensued - the murder of four women whose lives were taken away by those that claimed to 'love' them.
The last femicide prompted a march in Valletta. There is no consolation to these womens' families, but the fact that that march was attended by so many, including those that at times do not see eye to eye on particular issues, gave me hope – at least for few moments.
Until a week later, the decision taken by Alfred Grixti, the head of the Foundation for Social Welfare Services, to stop social workers cooperating with NGOs on cases related to domestic violence, and especially Women's Rights Foundation, brought me back to the ground.
I cannot not mention particular decisions taken by our courts (John Suda, Fr Charles Fenech Anthony McGahren, to name few) and that the comments that ensued still come to show that tradition of victim blaming and minimising the guilt of men at the expense of women is still going strong in this country.
And yes, we still have those that are calling women names with impunity, being called out or defended in the social media depending on their political affiliation and/or political context rather than their misogyny.
On a positive note, there are signs that the government intends to do something about human trafficking, prostitution and political representation of women in parliament – definitely looking forward to see how that will pan out.
So, more or less, a roller-coaster – up and down we go.
But what about sexual and reproductive health and rights of women, the area where Malta remains stuck in time whilst the rest of the world moved on?
Well, for the country that does not even want a debate – there was a lot of it. Just a brief recap: In January - Nils Muižnieks, then Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights - wrote to the Prime Minister followed by Joseph Muscat's disappointing response (because, with all due respect, you do not hide behind the lack of political mandate to exonerate yourself from protecting women rights).
March was the month when WRF published its position paper on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights.
There was also a visit to Malta by Catholics for Choice that held one of its value clarification workshops, which was a pure eye opener for all those attending.
May has seen the referendum to change the constitution and legalise on demand abortion up to 12 weeks in Ireland. It's true that it happened abroad, but this fact left Malta alone within the EU and as one of the four remaining countries in the world still denying women's rights to safe, legal and free abortion.
Herman Grech's play De-terminated – The Abortion Diaries was performed in October. It was an engaging and captivating production, matched only by a brilliant performance of the actors and actresses taking part.
November was the month when 'Breaking the Taboo Malta' Facebook page was set up for women in Malta to share their abortion experiences.
And, just this month, we had an interview with Prof. Pierre Mallia, chairperson of the Bio-Ethics consultative committee, that was quite revealing – both in terms of his confirmation that abortions do take place in Malta (under a guise of double effect principle – more on that later) and more interestingly because he appeared to be one of those to get the point.
He stated clearly that he is personally against abortion but also stated "What right do I, or anyone else, have to tell you to remain pregnant, irrespective of the reason?" That was a breath of fresh air.
The main difference between 2018 and before is that there are pro-choice arguments in the media, social and traditional, still drowned into usual apologetics, but not half as bad as before.
Yes, there are usual rants by the same old tiring crowd, but they are not the only ones talking. That's healthy in every respect. And on behalf of WRF, I can only promise that there will be much more – both action and debate - in the forthcoming year.
So for women, 2019 can only be onward and upward. Against the tide and in the face of adversity. As women have always done.


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NOWCAST KOCO 6pm-6:30pm Weekday Evening
Member of tree-trimming crew taken to hospital after being hit by car
Stephanie Backus
A sign-holder for a tree trimming crew in Edmond was hit by a car on Tuesday afternoon.Edmond police said the man had leg and head injuries. He was taken to OU Presbyterian Hospital.The auto-pedestrian accident happened around 4 p.m. near Bryant and Coffee Creek.Stay with KOCO.com for updates as they become available.
EDMOND, Okla. —
A sign-holder for a tree trimming crew in Edmond was hit by a car on Tuesday afternoon.
Edmond police said the man had leg and head injuries. He was taken to OU Presbyterian Hospital.
The auto-pedestrian accident happened around 4 p.m. near Bryant and Coffee Creek.
Stay with KOCO.com for updates as they become available.


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Q: disable animate jquery function for X seconds I am using the animate jQuery function to slide up and down a div inside another div.
$(document).ready(function() {

  $(".box2text").hover(
    //on mouseover
    function() {
      $(this).animate({
        height: '+=130' //adds 250px
        }, 'slow' //sets animation speed to slow
      );
    },
    //on mouseout
     function() {
      $(this).animate({
        height: '-=130px' //substracts 250px
        }, 'slow'
      );
    }
  );
});

What I would like to do is, disable the function for X seconds, after the 1st time that runs, and then enable it again.
Any ideas on how to do that?

A: The below code will execute the myFunction() method for every 5 sec after the DOM is loaded. You can call the same function when ever you want like hover , onclick , mouseenter etc...
Try to implement your logic inside my code.
var enable = true ;
var timer ;

$(document).ready(function() {

    myFunction();
    timer = setInterval(function(){myFunction();},5000)

});

function myFunction(){

    if(enable == true ){
        //do your stuff
        enable = false;

    }else{
        //do your stuff
        enable = true;
    }

}

Also you can stop the execution by ,
 clearInterval(timer);

Please let me know if you need any help.Thanks.

A: I suggest you to consider to use mouseenter and mouseleave method.
Here you can try by youself: DEMO.
Consider this example: when mouse enter start a timeout (execute once a time): after 2000ms animate the ball.
var animateBall = function() {
    $('#ball').animate({
       left: "300px"
    }, 200). animate({
       left: "0px"
    }, 200);
}

$("button").mouseenter(function(){
   setTimeout(function() {
       animateBall();
    },2000);
}).mouseleave(function(){
    /* do something else */
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
La Catedral de San Patricio y San Colmán o bien la Catedral de Newry (en inglés:  Cathedral of Saint Patrick and Saint Colman) es una catedral católica ubicada en Newry, Irlanda del Norte en el Reino Unido. Es la sede episcopal de la Diócesis de Dromore. La Sede de Dromore fue fundada en el  por Colman de Dromore, y tuvo su propia jurisdicción independiente desde entonces. La antigua catedral de Dromore, que había sido tomada por los protestantes, fue incendiada por los insurgentes irlandeses en 1641, y reconstruida por el obispo Taylor veinte años más tarde; la Iglesia Católica se erigió más tarde. La sede de la catedral, sin embargo, fue trasladada hace unos doscientos años a Newry, la ciudad más grande del condado de Down, y un lugar de gran interés histórico, situado en la cabecera del Lago de Carlingford. La Catedral de Newry se inició en 1825 y se terminó en 1829. La catedral fue ampliada y embellecida por el obispo Henry O'Neill, quien sucedió al obispo McGivern en 1901.

Véase también
Iglesia católica
Cristianismo

Referencias

Catedrales católicas de Irlanda del Norte
Iglesia católica en Irlanda del Norte
Newry
Newry
Edificios y estructuras terminadas en 1829

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Hereditary Skin Cancer Content from the guide to life, the universe and everything
Hereditary Skin Cancer
Created Aug 14, 2001 | Updated Apr 5, 2006
Human Skin | Dry Skin | Psoriasis | Eczema | Greasy Skin | Dandruff | Acne | Rosacea | Seborrheic Dermatitis | Skin Cancer | Non-melanoma Skin Cancer | Melanoma | Hereditary Skin Cancer | Sensible sun exposure
All three of the most common forms of skin cancer (melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) can be caused by inherited genetic defects, although all hereditary forms of skin cancer are very rare. By studying inherited forms of these cancers, scientists have learned (and are continuing to learn) much about why tumours develop and, hopefully, what can be done to treat and prevent them.
So, what happens in the process from a gene to a cancer? Or vice versa?
Tales of Hedgehogs and Scotsmen
The stories of the hereditary forms of squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma illustrate the routes that scientists can take to find1 the genes that cause particular diseases. As with most rare diseases, both conditions are named after the person who first described them. So, hereditary squamous cell carcinoma is often known as 'Ferguson-Smith disease' and hereditary basal cell carcinoma is called 'Gorlin syndrome'. This is partly to honour the painstaking work and careful observations that were carried out by the doctors in question, but mainly because the scientific names of the diseases verge on the unpronounceable. Ferguson-Smith disease is also known as 'multiple self-healing squamous epithelioma' (MSSE2 for short), while Gorlin syndrome should technically be called 'naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (or NBCCS3).
People with NBCCS develop numerous basal cell carcinomas, particularly between puberty and 35 years of age. Only a very small number of these tumours become malignant, and patients have frequent check-ups to spot those that do. People with NBCCS often have other signs of the disease, such as pits in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, and faults in their ribs.
Yes, but... Hedgehogs?
The gene that is altered in NBCCS is known as PATCHED4. This is because it is very similar to a gene called patched that was first discovered in fruit flies (or Drosophila, if you prefer). When you knock out the patched gene in a fruit fly, you get fly embryos that look patchy - fruit fly geneticists have limited imaginations and odd senses of humour. Patched was found to be very important in a long and complicated cellular pathway involving a gene called hedgehog (if you knock out the hedgehog gene, you get fly embryos that look... you get the idea. Incidentally, the human equivalent of hedgehog is called SONIC HEDGEHOG. You were warned).
PATCHED was found by two groups of scientists simultaneously, each group working in the opposite direction to the other. One group started with NBCCS. Most families with the condition all seemed to have a fault in the same stretch of DNA (part of chromosome 9). So, the scientists looked at the sequence of this section to see if it matched any genes that were already known, which, of course, it did: patched. The second group's reasoning was slightly different. They started with the fruit fly version of patched and thought 'this is obviously an important gene in flies, I wonder if it's involved in any human diseases'. They used patched to find matching sections of human DNA, and up popped PATCHED. Different routes, the same outcome. But it's not always as easy as that...
And Scotsmen?
MSSE is very rare. Most of the patients who are known to have this condition can trace their ancestry back to one family who lived in the west of Scotland sometime in the 18th Century. People with MSSE generally start to get squamous cell carcinomas on their hands, arms and face shortly after puberty. Unlike ordinary squamous cell carcinomas, however, MSSE tumours eventually disappear. They leave an unpleasant scar, but otherwise do little damage. No-one knows why this happens, yet.
Using similar techniques to those used to find PATCHED, researchers found that the gene that is affected in MSSE also lies within a short stretch of chromosome 9. Unfortunately, this particular region of chromosome 9 is extremely popular with genes for rare diseases:
Hereditary sensory neuropathy, which involves gradual loss of nerves that sense pain and temperature.
Fanconi anaemia, a disease in which people gradually lose the ability to produce blood cells, and also develop certain types of cancer.
Xeroderma pigmentosum, in which people are extremely sensitive to sunlight and develop many different skin cancers.
Brachydactyly, a condition in which the ends of the fingers and nails are missing.
Certain diseases of metabolism, including some families with hereditary diabetes.
...and, just to complicate things a little further, this part of chromosome 9 is also the region that contains PATCHED.
Most of these genes have been ruled out, but there are undoubtedly others waiting to be discovered, one of which must be the one involved in MSSE. Fortunately, the publication of the Human Genome Project means that looking for genes is about to become a lot easier. Having said that, finding the gene is only half the battle. You then have to work out what the gene does and why you get a particular type of cancer when it gets damaged. And that's the hard part...
Not all Genes Have Interesting Names
Hereditary melanoma has been linked to alterations in a gene known, rather boringly as P16 or, alternatively and not much more interestingly, INK4A. P16 is involved in the insanely complex chain of command that makes sure that cells multiply only when they absolutely have to. If you damage P16, or any of the hundreds of other genes that do a similar job5, then the cell will start multiplying with carefree abandon, and that's when cancer starts to develop. Alterations in P16 have been found in almost all different types of cancers, so why a person should specifically develop melanomas when they inherit an altered form of the gene is still something of a mystery. As much of a mystery as why people develop basal cell carcinomas when they inherit a faulty version of PATCHED, or, indeed, why any gene should be linked to a specific type of inherited cancer. It's mysteries like this, however, that help to keep researchers plugging away to try to understand why cancer develops, what you can do about it when it does and, just maybe, how to stop it happening in the future...
1Or not find, of which more later...2Pronounced 'messy'.3Pronounced 'en-bee-see-see-ess', unfortunately.4By convention, all human genes are referred to in italic capital letters. It looks very ugly, but we're stuck with it. Names in lower-case italics are fruit fly genes.5Collectively known as 'tumour suppressor genes'
Health & Healing > Medical Conditions, Procedures & Prevention > Skin Disorders
SchrEck Inc.
Puberty - A Male Perspective
Human Skin
Sonic the Hedgehog - the Classic Computer Game
Gregor Mendel and the Basics of Genetics
Genome-sequencing


Interior Design / October 9, 2018 / Nia Dozier.
When decorating, you have a variety of colors and hues at your disposal. Each of these can have a dramatically several meaning and effect on the nature of the space. Between an inherent symbolic value, and the overt level of tone and shade cast upon the environment, color can have a significant impact on a room, and it's up to you to understand those effects so that you can adequately control them.
The first element that you should understand is matching. Some colors compliment one another, contrasting or flowing with the nature of each other\'s hues. However many merely clash outright. The presence of clashing tones can instantly add a crazy, chaotic feeling to a room, making it impossible to create a sense of harmony within the space. If you have trouble telling which hues clash with one another, you can use the rules of the color wheel to guide you on how to proceed.
It is also essential to know the nature of dark versus light tones. Darker colors tend to be calmer and subdued, while lighter, brighter tones often evoke a sense of exuberance within a space. The mirrors ideas of daytime versus night, with people naturally reacting with more energy to brighter stimuli within an environment.
However when it comes to the energy level of an environment, no color lives alone, and elements of contrast and compliment are going to be very important in Determining the latest life of the space. Black, the darkest tone possible, actually evokes much vigor when used in contrasted designs such as white on black checkerboard patterns.
The subsequent flip side to this is that complimentary patterns and designs are going to be more subdued and less dramatic. Can do by using several layers of similar colors, all cascading upon one another throughout the space, creating a hazy, gentle décor, which can give an area a tranquil feeling.
of a deeper, more tumultuous green, it may make the room feel cold and foreboding. On the other hand many lighters, sickly colored greens can give a frenetic, uncomfortable feel to the environment.
Blue is another excellent example of this effect. In general, these tones tend to make people think of either a cloudless sky on a sunny day or the infinite depths of a gently lapping ocean. Either way, this color is one which can instantly cast a spell of serenity across a room, bathing it in a relaxed, relaxing atmosphere.
Creating quiet spaces using color decorating is a powerful way to affect the underlying nature of your environments. It is essential to understand clashing and contrasting effects, as well as the nature of each color about the natural world. In this way, you can see the underlying meaning of a room's artistic style, and use that to make it more energetic, relaxed, exciting, or subdued.
Rate This Post : Soothing Colors in Home Decorating.


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Movies|'Incredibles 2' Trailer: When a Superhero Is Also a Working Mom
https://nyti.ms/2GVvllL
'Incredibles 2' Trailer: When a Superhero Is Also a Working Mom
By Bruce Fretts
Two months after releasing a sneak peek of "Incredibles 2," Disney and Pixar have unleashed the animated sequel's first full trailer. Although the original film came out in 2004, the superhero family hasn't aged — Jack-Jack is still an infant — but it is showing signs of growing pains.
Incredibles 2 Official TrailerCredit...CreditVideo by Disney•Pixar
With "supers" having been outlawed, the matriarch Elastigirl (voiced by Holly Hunter) springs back into action, leaving Mr. Incredible (Craig T. Nelson) home to take care of the kids, including moody Violet (Sarah Vowell). "Is she having adolescence?" asks her brother Dash (Huck Milner). Meanwhile, Jack-Jack is starting to show his own powers, like spontaneous combustion. This could bring new meaning to the terrible twos.
Brad Bird, the writer-director of the original as well as the sequel, returns as the fashion designer Edna Mode, and Samuel L. Jackson reprises his role as fellow super Frozone. Among the new voices are two cast members from "Better Call Saul," Bob Odenkirk and Jonathan Banks.
"Incredibles 2" lands in theaters on June 15.


The name of our property is "The Anglers Hideaway", and for good reason. The setting is very secluded and is located on the Hiwassee River in Tennessee. The Hiwassee is a nationally known river for trout fishing. This river is also fun for rafters and kayakers alike. With the Cherokee National Forest out the back door one could hike or mountain bike all day and then some.
When at the cabin one feels as though they are away from it all. There's a babbling brook running through the front yard that's great to sleep to at night. Rocking chairs on the front and side porch make for a great spot to read a book or hang out with friends. A big yard for kids, and even a covered bridge leading to the property to add to the scenery.
Purchased and managed by two college room mates, and fishing buddies, the inside is kept just as if it were their personal home in the mountains. You will certainly find all the amenities needed to just relax and enjoy a few days in the woods. After all it is our goal to make you comfortable and to see you back again some day soon to the "Anglers Hideaway".
This is Rusty, co-owner of the Anglers Hideaway. He's one of the best fly fishermen in the southeast. This picture was taken in New Mexico on the San Juan River. Rusty has fished many rivers for trout across america but calls the Hiwassee River his home water.
We chose to purchase this property because it is located on our favorite trout fishing stream close to home. I live in Atlanta and Rusty is in Birmingham. This property is within a couple hours drive for both of us. When we are not enjoying our property we want others to do so.
Our cabin looks and feels more like a home in the woods as opposed to other rental properties in the area that look and feel like a rental property. You'll find all the amenities you will need while staying away from home. We tell folks who rent the place; "just bring your food and fishing equipment, everything else is there". We are located on the river so once you're there you don't have to leave to fish, raft, or hike. It's a real break from reality and located only hours away from Atlanta, Birmingham, Knoxville, Nashville, Charlotte, and other surrounding areas.


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Defending Champ J.T. Poston, Past Champs Davis Love III, Ryan Moore, Si Woo Kim Will Play
GREENSBORO, N.C. – – Defending champion J.T. Poston, three-time champion Davis Love III and past champions Ryan Moore and Si Woo Kim will all play the Wyndham Championship, the tournament announced earlier on its social media channels. The 81st annual Wyndham Championship, which will determine the outcome of the $10 Million Wyndham Rewards Top 10, is set for Aug. 13-16, 2020 at Sedgefield Country Club in Greensboro, N.C.
Poston captured his first PGA TOUR victory at the 2019 Wyndham Championship and jumped 56 spots to 27th in FedExCup points entering the playoffs. He nearly advanced to the TOUR Championship but finished 32nd in the season's final point standings. The Western Carolina University alumnus fired a final-round 62 tying the final-round scoring record and tied Henrik Stenson's 2017 mark for lowest 72-hole score at 258, 22-under par. A native of Hickory, he is the 19th first-time winner in tournament history and will make his fourth Wyndham Championship appearance next week.
Love won the Wyndham in 1992, 2006 and 2015. His three titles here are second only to eight-time champion Sam Snead. Love won 21 PGA TOUR events, played in the Ryder Cup six times, was Ryder Cup captain twice and played in the Presidents Cup five times. The World Golf Hall of Famer is making his 24th Wyndham Championship appearance.
Moore won the Wyndham in 2009 and is making his 12th Wyndham Championship appearance. The five-time PGA TOUR winner from Las Vegas finished tied for sixth in 2018, his last appearance here. He represented the United States in the 2016 Ryder Cup Matches.
Kim became the tournament's second champion from South Korea when he won the Wyndham in 2016. He went on to win the PLAYERS Championship the next year. Kim will make his fourth Wyndham Championship appearance next week.
About the Wyndham Championship:
Contested annually on the Donald Ross-designed course at Sedgefield Country Club in Greensboro, N.C., the Wyndham Championship was founded in 1938 and is the sixth-oldest event on the PGA TOUR excluding the Majors. The tournament thanks title sponsor Wyndham Rewards and presenting sponsor Truist for their continued support. Additional tournament information is available at www.wyndhamchampionship.com and the tournament's social media channels, including the Wyndham Championship Facebook page, Twitter and Instagram.
About Wyndham Rewards:
Named the number one hotel rewards program by readers of USA TODAY, Wyndham Rewards® is the world's most generous rewards program with more than 30,000 hotels, vacation club resorts and vacation rentals worldwide. Designed for the everyday traveler, members earn a guaranteed 1,000 points with every qualified stay and may redeem points for a wide-range of rewards, including free nights at any of approximately 9,300 hotels or tens of thousands of vacation club resorts and vacation rentals globally through affiliation with Wyndham Destinations (NYSE: WYND) and others. Wyndham Rewards has 83 million enrolled members around the globe. Join for free today at www.wyndhamrewards.com. You've earned this.®
About Wyndham Hotels & Resorts:
Wyndham Hotels & Resorts (NYSE: WH) is the world's largest hotel franchising company by the number of properties, with 9,300 hotels across approximately 90 countries on six continents. Through its network of over 828,000 rooms appealing to the everyday traveler, Wyndham commands a leading presence in the economy and midscale segments of the lodging industry. The Company operates a portfolio of 20 hotel brands, including Super 8®, Days Inn®, Ramada®, Microtel Inn & Suites®, La Quinta®, Baymont®, Wingate®, AmericInn®, Hawthorn Suites®, The Trademark Collection® and Wyndham®. Wyndham Hotels & Resorts is also a leading provider of hotel management services. The Company's award-winning Wyndham Rewards loyalty program offers 83 million enrolled members the opportunity to redeem points at thousands of hotels, vacation club resorts and vacation rentals globally. For more information, visit www.wyndhamhotels.com.
About Wyndham Destinations:
Wyndham Destinations (NYSE: WYND) believes in putting the world on vacation. As the world's largest vacation ownership and exchange company, Wyndham Destinations offers everyday travelers the opportunity to own or exchange their vacation experience while enjoying the quality, flexibility and value that Wyndham delivers. The company's global presence in approximately 110 countries means more vacation choices for its more than four million members and owner families, with 230 resorts which offer a contemporary take on the timeshare model – including vacation club brands Club Wyndham®, WorldMark® by Wyndham , and Margaritaville Vacation Club® by Wyndham – and 4,200+ affiliated resorts through RCI, the world's leader in vacation exchange. Year after year, a worldwide team of nearly 18,000 associates delivers exceptional vacation experiences to families around the globe as they make memories to last a lifetime. At Wyndham Destinations, our world is your destination. Learn more at WyndhamDestinations.com.
2023 Tickets On Sale; Holiday Merchandise Sale Nov. 29-Dec. 1
GREENSBORO, N.C. Just in time for the holiday season, 2023 Wyndham Championship tickets are on sale now, and the tournament's annual holiday merchandise sale is…
Harold Moag Named Volunteer of the Year After Working 63rd Tournament
Harold Moag isn't an ordinary volunteer. No, Harold is special. How special? The 2022 Wyndham Championship volunteer of the year celebrated his 96th birthday in…


text:
using content::BrowserThread;

namespace extensions {

class ApiResourceManagerUnitTest : public ApiUnitTest {};

class FakeApiResource : public ApiResource {
 public:
  explicit FakeApiResource(const std::string& owner_extension_id)
      : ApiResource(owner_extension_id) {}
  ~FakeApiResource() override {}
  static const BrowserThread::ID kThreadId = BrowserThread::UI;
};

TEST_F(ApiResourceManagerUnitTest, TwoAppsCannotShareResources) {
  std::unique_ptr<ApiResourceManager<FakeApiResource>> manager(
      new ApiResourceManager<FakeApiResource>(browser_context()));
  scoped_refptr<const extensions::Extension> extension_one =
      ExtensionBuilder("one").Build();
  scoped_refptr<const extensions::Extension> extension_two =
      ExtensionBuilder("two").Build();

  const std::string extension_one_id(extension_one->id());
  const std::string extension_two_id(extension_two->id());

  int resource_one_id = manager->Add(new FakeApiResource(extension_one_id));
  int resource_two_id = manager->Add(new FakeApiResource(extension_two_id));
  CHECK(resource_one_id);
  CHECK(resource_two_id);

  // Confirm each extension can get its own resource.
  ASSERT_TRUE(manager->Get(extension_one_id, resource_one_id) != nullptr);
  ASSERT_TRUE(manager->Get(extension_two_id, resource_two_id) != nullptr);

  // Confirm neither extension can get the other's resource.
  ASSERT_TRUE(manager->Get(extension_one_id, resource_two_id) == nullptr);
  ASSERT_TRUE(manager->Get(extension_two_id, resource_one_id) == nullptr);

  // And make sure we're not susceptible to any Jedi mind tricks.
  ASSERT_TRUE(manager->Get(std::string(), resource_one_id) == nullptr);
}

}  // namespace extensions

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


If you live on Kirtland Air Force Base, then you know the meaning of space. At BiG Storage of Albuquerque, NM, you can get the space you need while you transition from one home to another. Our spaces are big; the smallest size we offer is 24'x24', providing high ceilings, wide, rollup doors, and electrical outlets. These spaces are designed to make your moving day as simple as possible, offering drive-up accessibility with wide aisles to handle any size moving vehicle. We love to give members of our military a great experience, so call our office today to learn more about our services and amenities. We wouldd love to chat with you!


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Claire abbott Age Height Weight Affairs Boyfriend Family and Much more…
Real name Claire Abbott
Work (profession) Instagram model, Musician, Singer
Known for Modeling
Height 165.1 centimeters
1.651 meters
Weight 61 kilograms
134.482 lbs
Figure 39-25-37 inches
Colour of eyes Black
Colour of hairs Blonde
A post shared by Claire Abbott (@claireabbottofficial) on Oct 21, 2016 at 9:40pm PDT
Claire's career as an Instagram model began at the age of only 15 years. She recorded her life on the social network without regard to the film. Followers were attracted to her lifestyle and soon followed the number of thousands of people. The girl who stood beside the girl's unique application was the only man.
Personal Life Information
Date of Birth 22nd January 1998
Age (in 2019) 21 years, 3 months, 3 weeks, and 4 days old
Place of Birth Canada
Hometown Canadian
School Unknown
college Unknown
Religion Christain
Hobbies Traveling Singing and Writing poems
A post shared by Claire Abbott (@claireabbottofficial) on Oct 23, 2016 at 10:29am PDT
Boys, affairs, marriage and much more
marital status Not Married Yet
affairs Unknown
Boyfriends Dan Bilzerian
Father Name N/A
Mother Name N/A
Brother Name N/A
some deep fact about Claire Abbott
Claire Abbot was born on January 22, 1998, in Canada. There was not much information about this girl's childhood, her enthusiasm and school year. It is known that he was a high school student, which she successfully completed. She was an ordinary participant in all school sports events played as a cheerleader. In 2012, Claire started her internet career as her first career, singer and poet, when she created her first, her appearance in the famous song Turning Table. In the heartfelt manner of public performances, there was public attraction by his silent face and really delightful voice. Now he has a large number of subscribers and fans.
Also Read About Gulzaar Chhaniwala (Singer) Wiki, Age, Biography, Girlfriend, Family & More
Instagram Claire has noticed a pattern with more than 300,000 followers. Her bikini pictures were a lot more attention than regular ones. She decided to cash this. In an interview for a fashion blog, she once said: "I have a fashion, fitness and lifestyle-based installment in the context of the social media that has recently exploded recently." And it spread to thank her for her carefully selected pictures.
Claire Abbott's Net Worth
Claire has been able to gather lots of net worth across her carrier. However, she did not reveal his exact earnings. Furthermore, we can still assume that Abbott has earned the total value of a six-figure image which is expected to increase over the course of the year. According to many tabloids, he enjoys a net worth of $ 1 million.
On this day, multiple funds can also be earned from individual social sites. Similarly, Clear Abbott earned money from his Instagram account because it is quite popular. Not telling about her video, she has gained thousands of views. With its Instagram's 77k followers, she makes $ 318 – $ 530 according to the Influenza Marketing Center. As he turns on YouTube too, he probably makes it even better. However, his YouTube channel is not available for fans at the moment. With such income, he is living a cherish and lazy life.
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Helen Owen Age Height Weight Affairs Boyfriend Family and Much more…
prajakta koli ( MostlySane ) Age Height Weight Affairs Boyfriend Family and much more…


NORTHEAST GLENDALE — Last season couldn't have been more painful for Andrea Blake.
During the second match of the season, the Glendale Adventist Academy girls' volleyball player went up for a block and suffered a season-ending right-ankle injury that required months of rehabilitation.
Now, she's refreshed and ready to make an impact for the Cougars. Blake proved to be in form Tuesday afternoon.
She finished with a team-high 16 kills and teammate Kylie Foldvary added four aces to power host Glendale Adventist to a 19-25, 27-25, 25-17, 25-19 nonleague victory against Orangewood Academy.
"It was hard with all of that happening, from the rehabilitation to the ankle being in a cast," said Blake, a junior outside hitter who helped the Cougars improve to 2-2. "The rehabilitation was definitely the hardest.
"Our team has been growing a lot and that showed [Tuesday]. We were able to get some momentum and keep it going."
Things didn't look bright for the Cougars, who had dropped the first game and were in danger of doing the same in the second game. However, the Cougars overcame a 21-11 deficit and staved off game-point thanks to a kill by Blake and two aces in a row by senior libero Ashley Bautista.
Glendale Adventist Coach Bianka Tulgar said the second-game comeback provided a spark for the Cougars.
"It took us a while to get going and I called a timeout and told them what they needed to do," said Tulgar, who got 18 assists from senior setter Anne Sadow and five kills from Foldvary. "It was mainly about having better communication and closing up the gaps on defense.
"With Andrea, she's a huge part of our team. She came back from the injury and played during the summer. She's the kind of player who can hit the ball anywhere on the court."
"It was not only important to not just win the second game, but to also get some momentum the rest of the way," Blake said. "We got it and were able to carry it over and we did that by getting on a run with our serving."
In the third game, the Cougars used a 7-0 run to take an 11-5 lead. Blake had two aces and two kills in the sequence and forced Orangewood Academy (7-3) to call timeout. Blake then registered three kills in a row to extend Glendale Adventist's lead to 24-14.
Foldvary and Blake recorded back-to-back kills to give the Cougars a 14-7 advantage in the fourth game. Orangewood closed to within 21-19, but the Cougars picked up the next four points to clinch the victory.
Glendale Adventist finished the match with 13 aces.


text:
Super Mario Run storms the charts with 40 million downloads in 4 days
Home / World Tech News /
by Mix — in Gaming
Despite running into some bad press, Super Mario Run has so far stacked an impressive amount of downloads, cruising through the 40 million mark in just four days.
Nintendo revealed the accomplishment in a new press release issued earlier today. In addition to topping the "free" chart of the App Store in 140 different global markets (out of the 150 where it's available), the game also made it into the top 10 best grossing games in 100 different markets.
By comparison, smash-hit augmented reality title Pokémon Go reached the 25 million milestone 11 days after its initial launch – which is almost a week more than Super Mario Run needed. However, unlike the new Mario game, Pokémon Go was available only in limited locations.
Given that earlier reports speculated Super Mario Run trumped Pokémon Go as far as first day downloads go, it's hardly surprising Nintendo's new game continues to shatter records.
Among other things, Nintendo revealed it has plans to make it easier for players to access all modes after purchasing the game.
Despite previous reports suggesting the Japanese giant has no intentions to add new features to the game, today Nintendo also rolled out an update that adds a new mode allowing users to compete with friends without paying any Rally Tickets.
Considering Super Mario Run is still an iOS exclusive and yet to make its way to Android, chances are Nintendo's new game is nowhere near done breaking records.
via TechCrunch


text:
Ectoparasites on fish
Ectoparasitism on deep-sea fishes in the western North
Ectoparasites were identified to the lowest taxonomic level on fishes from all available frame grabs. Ectoparasite type, placement, number and size also ensured that individuals were counted only once
On coral reef systems, 'client' fishes combat relentless ectoparasitic infections by engaging in frequent mutualistic interactions with various 'cleaner' organisms. Clients are known to adjust their visits to cleaners according to their ectoparasite load
The two most common ectoparasites that can affect fish are monogeneans and trichodinid that attach to the fins, skin, and gills of fish. Monogeneans are a variety of parasitic flatworms, meaning..
Effects of short-term exposure to ectoparasites on fish
Vulnerability to predation, resistance to high temperature, weight‐length relationships, and fecundity were compared for fish with and without or with light and heavy infestations of three ectoparasites
The Two Types of Parasites Parasites are typically divided into two groups: ectoparasites, external parasites that live on the outside of a tropical fish host (including the gills, mouth, skin and fin surfaces), and endoparasites, which live in the tissues, blood and/or organs (including the gastrointestinal tract)
thes: Trematoda), such asGyrodactylusspp., are ectoparasites of fish and can cause serious damage to cultured species (3, 38, 42). However, most flukes which parasitize fish are endoparasitic
These invertebrate ectoparasites are arthropods such as arachnids and insects which usually affect terrestrial animals, while others are crustaceans that typically parasitize fish. Ectoparasites are detrimental to the health of humans and animals The occurrence and prevalence of ectoparasites on farmed Clarias gariepinus from Eti-Osa local government area, Lagos State was investigated. A total of 110 fish specimens were procured from 5 farms in Eti-Osa local government area and examined fo Ectoparasites are parasites that attach themselves to the outer layer of skin of their hosts. There, they feed and thrive for the entire life cycle of the particular parasite. They are completely dependent on the host for nourishment, a fact that can seriously impair the general health of the host over time ectoparasites on fish cortisol and hematocrit levels specialized cleaner species to get rid of ectoparasites (Côté 2000). Individual host clients have been shown to gain ne Out of 200 fish, 37 were infested (18.5%). In which the predominant parasite was Lernaea cyprinacea. An overall prevalence of ectoparasites was Lernaea. cyprinacea (18.01%), L. arcuata (15.5%). L. lophiara (10.51). Lernaea. Cyprinacea is the most abundant ectoparasite in the overall study. Keywords: Fishes, Copepod, ectoparasites, Labeo rohita 1
these ectoparasites affect fish gills and skin, which are the major respiratory organs for young fish. Both parasitic protozoans and flatworms changed the general structure of fish gills and skin and caused alterations that may suppress respiratory functions an Ectoparasites and endoparasites of fish form networks with different structures Hosts and parasites interact with each other in a variety of ways, and this diversity of interactions is reflected in the networks they form Vulnerability to predation, resistance to high temperature, weight-length relationships, and fertility were compared for fish with and without or with light and heavy infestations of three ectoparasites. The fish and parasites were fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) with the copepod 'anchor worm' (Lernaea cyprinaceae); brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) with the copepod 'gill louse'..
What are ectoparasites that are common to fish? Study
Ectoparasites are those that can be seen on the outside of the body of a fish. Often, these are a type of crustacean, more similar to crayfish than to any of the other parasites we have mentioned. The fish louse (Argulus spp.), a saucer-shaped animal larger than a fish scale, attacks various fish species
Ectoparasites: These live on, rather than in their hosts. They include lice and fleas. Humans can become infected after eating raw fish that live wholly or partly in fresh water. Prevalence.
ated using an optical excitation source (220) with spectral composition capable of exciting optical fluorescence in said ectoparasites. The optical fluorescence is detected using one or more optical detectors (223.
Ectoparasites are parasites that live on the external surface of hosts, for example fleas and lice of various terrestrial vertebrates, and Monogenea and Copepoda of freshwater and marine fishes. From: Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, 200
In addition, several studies have shown that the range of host species of the endoparasites of fish may be wider than the range of host species of the ectoparasites (particularly monogeneans; Strona et al. 2013). The presence of endoparasites in larval stages, that tend to be more generalist than adults (Bellay et al
Gnathiid isopods, common fish ectoparasites, can affect fish physiology, behaviour and survival. Gnathiid juveniles emerge from the benthos to feed on fish blood. In the Caribbean, gnathiids are positively associated with dead coral and negatively associated with live coral, due to coral predation on gnathiids. However, such interactions were unstudied in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR)
Sublethal effects of three ectoparasites on fish - Vaughan
The economic losses due to lernaeid ectoparasites has increased during several epizootics occurring among the most important farmed fishes world-wide (Kir, 2007). The adult Lernaeid are harmful to large fish because of their large size, mode of attachment and feeding. These parasites damage the eyes and cause blindness However, previous research on the ecology of fish ectoparasites (parasites that infest the external surfaces of a host) has focused mainly on the biology of juvenile and/or adult fish interactions. They live as endo- or ectoparasites on fish or invertebrates in fresh water and in marine environments. Copepods as parasitic hosts In addition to being parasites themselves, copepods are subject to parasitic infection. The most common parasite is the marine dinoflagellates, Blastodinium spp., which are gut parasites of many copepod species
fish gill due to ectoparasites infection has caused a disturbance on respiration and os-moregulation processes in fish, while ectopar-asites infection on the skin has decreased the fish immunity and led the intrusion of other dangerous organisms. If this condition contin - ues, it will impact the lower growth rate until the death of fish Presence of ectoparasites - primarily on the skin, gills, and buccal cavity - increases stress levels in broodfish, because by attaching to gill tissues parasites decrease the rate of gas exchange, which can interrupt the natural spawning process in fish, and affect egg and larval quality
Parasites on Pet Fish BeChew
g, planktonic naupli and copepodid larval stages, which can persist for several days
Ectoparasites are parasites found on the outside or surface of the fish's body. Factors that cause an ectoparasite attack are fish density in high aquaculture ponds, lack of nutrition and poor water quality. High stocking density can cause fish to intersect with each other so that ectoparasites will easily spread to other fish (Zheila, 2013)
Fish are edible and washing up after cleaning your catch and cooking fish thoroughly is advisable. Ectoparasites: Flukes (flatworms) also can be found attached to fins, skin, gills, or inside the mouth. Fish are edible and washing up after cleaning your catch and cooking fish thoroughly is advisable. Parasitic copepods (crustaceans) can attach.
Very few surveys on ectoparasites have been done in Guyana. To address this deficit, a collecting expedition for fish and their ectoparasites was conducted on the Essequibo River within the Iwokrama Forest. During the 2014 wet season, 210 fish of 26 species were captured and analyzed for ectoparasites. Approximately 12% of fish had ectoparasites
ation trats from the head, gills, body and tail. The results of identification using a microscope obtained the type of ectoparasites Dactylogyrus sp, Ergasilus sp. Gyrodactylus sp. Lerne
Impact of ectoparasites on the demography of a small reef fish Rachel J. Finley*, Graham E. Forrester Department of Biological Sciences, 100 Flagg Road, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881-0816, US
EXAMINATION OF FISH ECTOPARASITES, COLLECTION and FIXATION OF PARASITES March 14, 2009. Filed under: BIOLOGY,MARINE,UNDERGRADUATE — atulasca @ 9:11 am Tags: FISH PARASITOLOGY, LABORATORY, SEMESTER 5. INTRODUCTION: There are different types of parasites that can be found in fish community, such as ectoparasite and endoparasite. The.
Chilodonella piscicola (Fig. 10) is one of the most dangerous ectoparasites which lives on gills and skin of practically all freshwater fish and also in estuarine and brackish waters. The body is asymmetrically oval, with a notch in the posterior margin, 55 x 43 μm (range 30-80 x 20-62 μm)
external parasites on fish (Marking et al. 1994). Hydrogen peroxide is active against a wide variety of other organisms, including bacteria, yeasts, viruses, fungi, and fungal spores (Marking et al. 1994). Hydrogen peroxide has been used to treat freshwater fish for ectoparasites since the 1930s
Large ectoparasites such as the fish lice require very targeted treatment. Getting the diagnosis correct is crucial. Fish flick and scratch to relieve skin irritation, finding the cause of the irritation, be it due to water quality, ectoparasites or perhaps both, and taking the correct course of action is vital
Ectoparasites: What They Are and Types of Ectoparasit
Peraceticacid, an alternative to fight fish ectoparasites!? T. Meinelt 1, D. Straus 2, S. Matzke 3, E. Sudova 4 1WGL -Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Dept. Aquaculture and Ecophysiology, Berlin, Germany 2USDA, Harry K. Dupree -Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center Stuttgart, AR, USA 3Humboldt-University of Berlin, German
ed for ectoparasites. Nine hundred and fifty six ectoparasites were found on two hundred and fourteen (35.6%) specimens. Piscine parasites recovered were protozoa and trematodes namely, Ichthyophthirius spp., Myxobolus spp., Clinostomum spp. and Euclinostomum spp. Gill infestation was maintained to be..
Gill Ectoparasites of Juvenile Rainbow Trout and Brown Trout in the Upper Colorado River GEORGE J. SCHISLER* Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit,1 201 Wagar Building, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA PETER G. WALKER AND LINDA A. CHITTUM Colorado Division of Wildlife, Post Office Box 128, Brush.
Fish become infected by eating the intermediate host (usually an aquatic crustacean like an ostracod or amphipod), or by eating smaller fish that have encysted larval stages. Crustacea (fish lice and anchor worms) Ectoparasites are those that can be seen on the outside of the body of a fish SAFE: ParaGuard is the only fish and filter safe aldehyde based parasite control product available (for parasites on fish). EFFECTIVE: Seachem's ParaGuard effectively and efficiently eradicates many ectoparasites including ich and external fungal, bacterial, and viral lesions. USE: ParaGuard is used for treating a variety of parasitic. Ectoparasites 1. ECTOPARASITES 2. Tick paralysis • Australian tick paralysis. A beautiful example of parasitic Excellence. 3. ACT - Ectoparasite Id and Lifecycles 3 Arthropods • Invertebrate animals that have jointed limbs, a segmented body, and an exoskeleton The fish samples were examined for ectoparasites infection using smear method (mi-croscopic) and macroscopic (eye naked observation). Examination procedure and prevalence analysis The fish samples were measured for total length (mm) and weighed for total body weight (g) then anesthetized overdose 1. Introduction. Ectoparasites can substantially affect hosts by impacting physiological, behavioural and morphological traits, and damaging the host's integument [1-3].In fishes, ectoparasites pose additional challenges because streamlining is important to reduce the costs of locomotion [].Changes to fish morphology created by ectoparasites potentially reduce streamlining and increase.
(PDF) ECTOPARASITES OF FARMED Clarias gariepinus IN ETI
The preparation of ectoparasites observation in fish samples Before ectoparasites observation, performances of fish samples (carp and tilapia) were intensively observed such as the movement activity and the swim pattern one by one. Afterward, fish samples were immediately killed by entering the probe into the nostril to destruct its brain. I Effects of aqueous aluminium on four species of fish ectoparasites were studied. Fish infected by Gyrodactylus derjavini, G. macronychus and Anodonta
What are Ectoparasites? (with pictures
Ectoparasites can reduce individual fitness by negatively affecting behavioural, morphological and physiological traits. In fishes, there are potential costs if ectoparasites decrease streamlining,..
parasites while Sardinella and Leptoscarus were primarily infested with ectoparasites (isopods). Intensity of infestation increased with age (size), especially in Si. sutor , where very young fish had a low infestation rate, while adults were heavily infested (P < 0.01)
Gallup argues that the wrasse's inherent preoccupation with ectoparasites on the bodies of other fish—a consequence of its cleaning lifestyle—may explain some of the behavior
ed, 1 (2.5%) was infected. Female fish sample with actual length ranging from 15-19.9 cm was the only infected sample with 50% prevalence. The only infected fish weighed between 50-100g. The parasite
Video: Ectoparasites of fish and Invertebrates of the Salton Se
Ectoparasites and endoparasites of fish form networks with
A significant amount of ectoparasites are invertebrates. These invertebrate ectoparasites are arthropods such as arachnids and insects which usually affect terrestrial animals, while others are crustaceans that typically parasitize fish. Ectoparasites are detrimental to the health of humans and animals - example: cleaner fish and customer fish. cleaners feed on ectoparasites on the customer fish. they are critical to each other - lichen - example: honey guides and honey badgers. honey guides are able to find the bees nest and guide the badgers to the nest. the badgers come and break the nest. both eat - example: flora in gu
Sublethal effects of three ectoparasites on fish
Sublethal effects of three ectoparasites on fish Sublethal effects of three ectoparasites on fish Vaughan, Gene E.; Coble, Daniel W. 1975-05-01 00:00:00 Wisconsin Cooperative Fishery Unit, College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point, Wisconsin 54481, U.S.A. (Accepted 28 May 1974) Vulnerability to predation, resistance to high temperature, weight-length relationships.
of ectoparasites estimated from gill net and pound net samples were similar, but prevalence of ectoparasites estimated from samples obtained with gill nets was lower. There is extensive information on the popu-lation biology of endoparasites of fish hosts (for a review see Kennedy [1977]), but with the ex
When the client fish wants the cleaning to end, it swims away. During the cleaning process, the wrasse may remove some scales and protective; Question: Cleaner wrasse fish groom ectoparasites off larger fish, which are referred to as client fish. Client fish approach a cleaner wrasse and indicate they want to be cleaned by spreading their fins.
Fish mycoses and single-cell ectoparasites on fish are controlled using an active compound suitable for inhibiting the mitochondrial respir
Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature. A method for combatting fish mycoses and one-celled ectoparasites on fish is characterized by the use of an active substance suited to inhibiting the mitochondrial respiratory chain at the point of the b/c1 complex
impact of ectoparasites which was feared to reduce the amount of carp production from cultivation. The method used was a direct survey to the Local Fish Seed Center and fish farmers in the Koya Barat area. The fish used were carp in the seed phase where the fish's immune system was still weak, making it more susceptible to contracting parasites
What's My Fish Caught: Explaining Parasites The Ultimate
Fish lice treatment method The present invention provides methods for treating ectoparasitic infections in fish, especially fish lice infections in farmed salmon. Particulate lime is contacted with water housing the ectoparasites and, optionally, their host fish in an amount and for a time sufficient to detach and/or kill the ectoparasites 1. 1. A method for controlling fish mycoses and single-cell ectoparasites offish, which comprises applying to fish or their habitat an effectiveamount of compound suitable for inhibiting the mitochondrial respiratorychain at the stage of the b/c.sub.1 of the formula IA or IB##STR3##is used where . . In fishes, ectoparasites pose additional challenges because streamlining is important to reduce the costs of locomotion [4]. Changes to fish morphology created by ectoparasites potentially reduce streamlining and increase friction drag along the fish's body, which may considerably reduce host performance [3,5] Published in the journal PLOS Biology, the new study sought to apply this test to the cleaner wrasse, a little tropical fish that feeds on the ectoparasites and mucus of other fish
Parasites: Types, in humans, worms, and ectoparasite
This work was carried out to compare the ectoparasites on Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli obtained from Advanced Teachers College (ATC) Kofai Fish Market (Kasuwan Bera), Ardo Kola LGA, Mayo Gwoi, and Jalingo LGAs, Taraba State, from July to November 2016. A total of 80 randomly selected fishes ( C. gariepinus and T. zilli ) obtained from fish market were examined for ectoparasites Fish mortality occurs as a result of parasitic infestation and poor water quality of the ponds. Although ectoparasites occur in all seasons, the severity of infection occurs during the summer as a result of low oxygen, which is always below 3 mg/l, high ammonia-N, equal to (1.61 ± 0.66 mg/l), and high nitrite-N, equal to1.61 ± 0.66 mg/l
The isopod's body acts as a functional tongue, and feeds on mucus secreted by the fish. This is actually the only parasitic animal known to functionally replace one of its host's organs 2. Image 1 below depicts a tongue-eating louse inside of a reef fish. Image 1: The crustacean Cymothoa exigua lives inside the mouth of a fish of the. In plant disease: Nematode diseases. Many important ectoparasites feed on plant roots—dagger nematodes (Xiphinema), stubby-root nematodes (Trichodorus), spiral nematodes (Rotylenchus and Helicotylenchus), sting nematodes (Belonolaimus), and pin nematodes (Paratylenchus).Leaf, or foliar, nematodes (Aphelenchoides species) and bulb and stem nematodes (Ditylenchus dipsaci) cause severe losses. This study used field data of echeneid and ectoparasite associations with free-swimming whale sharks ( Rhincodon typus ) and captured mako sharks ( Isurus oxyrinchus ) to test whether (1) echeneid presence was positively correlated with ectoparasite presence; and (2) the number of ectoparasites was negatively correlated with the number of echeneid fish Observe the fish for about 12 hours and note that some of the fish in buckets 4, 5, 10 and 11 are still not fully recovered by the end of the test at 20.00 h. (j) Conclusion: the maximum safe dosage for a 30-minute bath is 100 ppm formalin for 10- to 20 g juveniles of the new fish species, in the conditions of the test, in particular water. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has a long tradition of scientific excellence and always uses the best-available science to inform its work to conserve fish, wildlife, plants, and their habitat for the benefit of the American public. Management of infectious diseases and nest ectoparasites at golden eagle nests may provide a method for.
Fish lice ( Argulus spp) are parasitic crustaceans that infest by attaching themselves to a fish with their spines and hooks, causing disease in the fish [1, 2]. There are around 100 species of fish lice, some of which can infest both saltwater and freshwater fishes [2]. The infections are most likely to occur in summer and fall [2] Which group of flatworms are primarily ectoparasites of fish? a. monogeneans. b. trematodes. c. cestodes. d. turbellarians. Step-by-step solution. Step 1 of 4. The flatworms or the phylum Platyhelminthes are organisms which are acoelomate and include parasitic and free-living forms. They are divided into four classes, namely Trematoda. T1 - Microhabitat distributions and species interactions of ectoparasites on the gills of cichlid fish in Lake Victoria, Tanzania. AU - Gobbin, Tiziana P. AU - Vanhove, Maarten P.M. AU - Seehausen, Ole. AU - Maan, Martine E. PY - 2021/2. Y1 - 2021/2. N2 - Heterogeneous exposure to parasites may contribute to host species differentiation Fig. 1. Number of Dissonus sp. ectoparasites on Pomacentrus vaiuli host fish from reefs with (A-D) and without (1-3) Labroides dimidiatus. Boxes are medians. Bars indicate ranges. Numbers above bars indicate the number of host fish sampled on each reef. bottom that precluded inter-reef movement by L. dimidiatus or P. vaiuli. Cleaners and host fish Survey on ectoparasites fauna of cold water fish farms in Mazandaran Province, Iran. Human & Veterinary Medicine - International Journal of the Bioflux Society 3(3), 246-251. Buchmann K, Lindenstrøm T. 2002. Interactions between monogenean parasites and their fish hosts. International Journal of Parasitology 32, 309-319. Subashinghe RP. 1992
EP2962556A1 - A system and method for monitoring and
ParaGuard employs a proprietary, synergistic blend of aldehydes, malachite green, and fish protective polymers that effectively and efficiently eradicates many ectoparasites on fish (e.g. ich, etc.) and external fungal/bacterial/viral lesions (e.g., fin rot) ectoparasites, parasitize skin or gills of fishes, hermaphroditic, blind digestive tract Nervous system of Platyhelminthes Have centralized nervous system, it is a ladder-like CNS, the ladder is composed of nerve cords and commissures that connect the isopod ectoparasites of seven fish species that are common in the Ambon region: Abudefduf saxatilis, Epinephelus sp., Lutjanus sp., Pempheris ovalensis, Pterocaesio tile, Rastrelliger sp., and Selaroides sp. They were obtained by scuba divers (spear-fishing), from local fish markets, or from fish traps Impact of Ectoparasites on Length-Weight Ratio and Condition Factor of Cultured Fish Species in the West Region of Cameroon Derrick Fabrice Ngueguim1,2, Marc Kenmogne Kouam1, Claudine Tekounegning Tiogue2, Emile Miegoue1 and Julius Awah-Ndukum1,3* 1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University o
The secret species that could control ectoparasites in aquaculture. A secret species of filter-feeder, placed in novel devices within fish pens, could help to greatly reduce the numbers of parasites, including sea lice, affecting aquaculture operations. So claims Juan E Trigo, who has been investigating the potential of a variety of filter. 2.2 Fish diseases and parasites 8 2.3 Ectoparasites 9 2.3.1 Distributions of ectoparasites on the host body parts 10 2.3.2 Relationship between the total number of ectoparasite with the host size 11 2.4 Monogeneans ectoparasites 13 2.4.1 The number of Monogenean species per fish host varied 1 Monogenetic flukes are flatworms that are usually found as ectoparasites of fish. They often have a hooked attachment organ and they have a simple, direct life cycle. They are just visible to the naked eye. They often feed on skin and gill tissue, but usually only cause problems if found in large numbers Effects of short-term exposure to ectoparasites on fish cortisol and hematocrit levels . By Zegni Triki, Alexandra S. Grutter, Redouan Bshary and Albert F. H. Ros. Cite . BibTex; Full citation; Publisher: Springer Nature. Year: 2016. DOI identifier: 10.1007/s00227-016-2959-y. OAI identifier:.
Cupramine™ effectively eradicates Oodinium, Cryptocaryon, Amyloodinium, Ichthyophthirius, and other ectoparasites of both freshwater and marine fish.It is superior to copper sulfate, chloride & citrate: it is non-acidic, less toxic to fish, remains in solution, and does not contaminate the filter bed The cattle tapeworm, the pork tapeworm, and the fish tapeworm are not common in the U.S., but be aware that undercooked meat could cause infection. Common Ectoparasites. We are all, of course, familiar with ectoparasites. Mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, lice, bedbugs, and scabies bite us and suck our blood Host specificity of trichodinid ectoparasites of freshwater fish. Parasitol. today, 3: 88-90. Van As, J.G. & Basson, L., 1989. A further contribution to the taxonomy of the trichodinidae (Ciliophora: Peritricha) and a review of the taxonomic status of some fish ectoparasitic trichodines. Sys. Parasitol., 14: 157-179 In this context infestation of fish with ectoparasites are emerging problem for the producers because the restrictions of selling fishery products that are contaminated with ectoparasites for human consumption. In this presentation ectoparasites with significant effect of Croatian mariculture, like Diplectanum aequans, Sparicotyle chrisophrii.
Ectoparasite - an overview ScienceDirect Topic
>>>> BUY SEACHEM PARAGUARD ON AMAZON <<<< About Seachem Paraguard: According to Seachem, Paraguard uses a proprietary, synergistic blend of aldehydes, malachite green and fish protective polymers that effectively and efficiently eradicates many ectoparasites (ich, etc.) as well as external fungal/bacterial/viral lesions like fin rot.Seachem doesn't market Paraguard as being plant and.
g costs in a coral reef fish. BIOLOGY LETTERS. 9 (1): 1016-1022. Abstract: Ectoparasites can reduce individual fitness by negatively affecting behavioural, morphological and physiological traits. In fishes, there are potential costs if ectoparasites decrease streamlining, thereby directly compromising swim
Trichodinid Ectoparasites of Freshwater Fish J.G. Van As and L. Basson Ciliophorans of the family Trichodinidae comprise seven genera, all of which are commen- salists or parasites - mainly on aquatic hosts such as other ciliophorans, coelenterates, planctonic crustaceans, molluscs, echinoderms, amphibians and fish..
The present paper reports the prevalence of copepod ectoparasites of Ctenopharyngodon idella in Govt. Fish Hatchery, Main Channu, District Khanewal, Pakistan. Materials and Methods. One hundred and twenty grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon della, from Govt. Fish Hatchery, Mian Channu, were xarnined for the presence of copepod ecto-parasites. Ten. ectoparasites and explain the remarkably similar behaviour shown by host fish throughout the world. Fricke (1966) showed that host fish will pose for a model of a cleaner fish. I made unsuccessful attempts to use this response to assess the influence of ectoparasites on host behaviour (Losey 1971, unpublished results). One reaso Ectoparasites can reduce individual fitness by negatively affecting behavioural, morphological and physiological traits. In fishes, there are potential costs if ectoparasites decrease streamlining, thereby directly compromising swimming performance. Few studies have examined the effects of ectoparasites on fish swimming performance and none distinguish between energetic costs imposed by. Worms of four groups are parasites on fish. The flatworms (trematodes), tapeworms (cestodes), round worms (nematodes) and thorny-headed worms (acanthocephalans). 6. Common Ectoparasites: Two ectoparasites of fish are most important, the fish lice (Argulus, Lernaea and Ergasilus) and the fish leech (Piscicold)
The role of corals on the abundance of a fish ectoparasite
The effects of diflubenzuron (DFB), an insecticide to control ectoparasites in fish farms, on muscle acetylcholinesterase (AChE), detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes, hematological and physiological parameters, and liver histopathology were evaluated in Prochilodus lineatus after 6, 24 and 96 h of exposure to 25 mg L (-1) of DFB There is little available information on ectoparasites of coral-reef fishes in the Australian and Indo-Pacific regions. Rohde (1976, 1977) estimated that there were 20,000 species of parasites on 100 fish species at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef, but few of them have been described
(PDF) Prevalence of Lernaeid Ectoparasites in some
Metazoan ectoparasites of marine fishes fall near the low end of this continuum, with little evidence for nonrandom species co-occurrence patterns. Citing Literature Volume 5 , Issue Abstract. Mackerel caught in the North Sea (130), Skagerrak (148) and southwest of Ireland (176) were examined for ectoparasites. The most common parasites were Kuhnia scombri and K. sprostonae (Monogenea), and Caligus pelamydis (Copepoda). The prevalence of K. scombri decreased as the age of the host increased, from about 75 % in the age group 1-3 years to c. 40 % in 7-10 year-old fish A method for combatting fish mycoses and one-celled ectoparasites on fish is characterized by the use of an active substance suited to inhibiting the mitochondrial respiratory chain at the point of the b/c1 complex The Monogenea are the class ectoparasites that infect fish. Planaria are both marine and freshwater and can be parasitic, but this is generally rare and the few that are, generally are parasitic toward corals, eggs or other stationary victims
Juvenile form will symbiotically feed on ectoparasites found on other fish species. For more information about bony fishes, explore the Bony Fishes InfoBook. Ecology and Conservation. No data. Bibliography. Bond, Carl E. Biology of Fishes - Second Edition. Saunders College Publishing, 1996 Click through to see the images. Researchers from the Australian National University experimented with bridled monocle bream (Scolopsis bilineatus) which had parasitic crustaceans attached to them by placing the parasitised fishes in looped raceways circulated by propeller pumps (sort of like an underwater treadmill).The ANU scientists measured both how fast the fish swam as well as the amount. Marine fish/ectoparasites; aerate well; monitor closely; some small fish are sensitive : 4-5 min bath 57 : Hydrogen peroxide (3%) 1-1.5 mg/L × 20 min bath 101: Atlantic salmon/sea lice : 17.5 mL/L × 4-10 min bath, once 36: Ectoparasites; monitor closely; may be harmful to smaller fish: Ivermectin � Cupramine Copper 4L. $218.99. Cupramine™ effectively eradicates Oodinium, Cryptocaryon, Amyloodinium, Ichthyophthirius, and other ectoparasites of both freshwater and marine fish. It is superior to copper sulfate, chloride & citrate: it is non-acidic, less toxic to fish, remains in so
Modelling seasonal patterns of larval fish parasitism in
AZOO Ectoparasites Treater | Fish Bazaar. Click to enlarge. Home Medication. AZOO Ectoparasites Treater. Previous product. AZOO Easy Starter $ 3.30 - $ 8.00. Back to products. Next product. AZOO GH Plus $ 6.50 - $ 11.60 combined with other types of fish such as tilapia, carp, koi, and tawes (9). Decreased production of nilem fish can be caused by parasitic, bacterial, and fungal infections (2). Until now, research on the types of ectoparasites that infect nilem Osteochilus hasseltii) is a type of freshwater fish native to Indonesia that i A monogenean parasite of the Asian sea bass. Most of the group of flatworm parasites known as the Monogenea are small transparent ectoparasites living on the surface of fish. They have an anterior sucker and an organ at the posterior end, the haptor, used to attach them to their host. The haptor of the monogenean Polystoma interrimun
Copepod - Wikipedi
Ectoparasites refer to a parasite that lives on its host. They cause infestations in humans as well as in many kinds of domestic animals such as livestock, poultry, pets, fish, bees, and laboratory animals. Most ectoparasites such as lice are host-specific while the others have a wide range of hosts The control of diseases and parasites in aquaculture is essential to meet the requirements of animal welfare and economic production. That's why we are dealing with new, alternative ways to control pathogens and keep fish healthy. Parasites are not only dangerous pathogens in captive fish. Introduced parasites from other continents may pose a serious threat to non-adapted endemic fish species Aquarium Fish Tank-Water Tropical Test-Strips 6 in1 Nitrite Nitrate PH KH-Tester. $7.68. Free shipping. Almost gone. Aquarium Rescue Fish Tank Bacteria Fungus Control Treatment 100ml 250ml. $8.92. + shipping. NO MORE Blanketweed Sludge Greenwater Chlorine Fungus Bacteria Parasites TAP 1kg. $17.53 234 CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME Vol. 99, No. 4 The copepods P. bicolor and A. oblongus were the most common crustacean ectoparasites, occurring on 106 male and 54 female leopard sharks. The order of frequency of parasites on leopard sharks (Table 1) was A. oblongus (27.3%), B. lobata (24.1%), P. bicolor (16.8%), E. coleoptratus (9.4%), L. galei (3.6%). Some individual leopard shark
PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY OF ECTOPARASITES ON Clarias
In marine systems, empirical studies demonstrating effects of macroparasites on host population dynamics are relatively few. We tested the effects of a copepod macroparasite infecting the gills of a small coral reef fish, the bridled goby Coryphopterus glaucofraenum.Fish that were naturally infected and uninfected were tagged as individuals and tracked in the field for 5 mo. Parasitism was.
ation was scrapping. The prevalence rate of protozoan ectoparasites were, respectively, 72,5% for Zoothamnium sp., 55% for Vorticella sp. and 42,5% for Epistylis sp. 1. Introductio
Melanochromis Crabro Sp. Nov.: a Cichlid Fish From Lake Malawi Which Feeds On Ectoparasites and Catfish Eggs in Netherlands Journal of Zoology. E-ISSN: 1568-542X Print ISSN: 0028-2960 Publisher: BRILL Search. Issue.
th ectoparasites. Full Text: PDF. References. Afrianto E and Liviawaty E. 1992. Infection Control and Fish Disease. Kanisius Published, Yogyakarta. Akinsanya B and Otubanjo OA. 2005. Hel
ectoparasite: [ ek″to-par´ah-sīt ] a parasite living on the surface of the host's body. adj., adj ectoparasit´ic
ParaGuard 500 mL / 17 fl oz: The only fish and filter safe aldehyde based (10% by weight) parasite control product available (for parasites on fish) Eradicate ectoparasites and fungal, bacterial, and viral lesions. Contains no formaldehyde or methanol and will not alter pH. employs a proprietary, synergistic blend of aldehydes, malachite green.
Some ectoparasites are permanently attached to the host, such as copepods living on the skin and gills of fish. However, most move along the host's body, for example, Urcelariidae and monogenetic flatworms, which parasitize fish, and lice and bird lice, which parasitize birds and occasionally mammals
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Posts Tagged 'Bob Monti'
Judy Schmeling Promoted To COO, CFO Of HSN Inc.
HSN No. 2 honcho Judy Schmeling got a big promotion Wednesday.
Schmeling, who has served as executive vice president and chief financial officer since 2001, was named chief operating officer and CFO of HSN Inc., effective immediately. HSN Inc. includes the home shopping network and the Cornerstone unit.
In her new role, Schmeling will be responsible for supply-chain operations and customer-care functions in addition to providing ongoing leadership for finance and information technology. These four areas are now company-wide centers of excellence spanning HSN and the Cornerstone portfolio of home and lifestyle brands.
Judy Schmeling
"Judy is a world-class leader and the consummate professional, and she has been my partner in transforming HSNi and driving growth across all our businesses," HSN CEO Mindy Grossman said.
"Under Judy's leadership, we have strengthened our competitive position, achieved significant top- and bottom-line growth and increased shareholder value. She is superbly qualified to oversee our new operational centers of excellence, which are part of our continued drive to integrate key activities across all of our brands, maximize efficiency and deliver an immersive, seamless end-to-end customer experience."
As HSN's COO and CFO, Schmeling's job will be to ensure efficient, cost-effective support in information technology, logistics and supply chain operations, customer care and facilities for HSN, in addition to managing all finance-related activities. She will continue to be based at the company's headquarters in St. Petersburg, Fla.
"With this new structure, HSNi is better positioned than ever to capitalize on our strong brands and reshape the landscape of commerce," Schmeling said in her canned statement. "I'm excited about the opportunity to fully leverage technology, supply chain operations and customer service across all of HSNi."
Schmeling joined the company in 1994 as director of investor relations and treasury. She was promoted to vice president of strategic planning and analysis in 1998, to senior vice president of finance in 1999, to executive vice president and CFO in 2001, and to CFO of HSN Inc. when the company went public in 2008.
A native Floridian and a graduate of Florida State University, Schmeling is married and has three sons. She serves on the board for Constellation Brands Inc. and the advisory board of FM Global.
HSN also promoted two other senior finance executives, Michael Attinella and Patrick Vonderhaar, both reporting to Schmeling.
Attinella was appointed CFO of HSN and chief accounting officer of HSNi. He joined HSN in 2001 and most recently served as senior vice president, chief accounting officer and corporate controller of HSNi.
Vonderhaar was elevated from vice president and corporate controller to CFO for Cornerstone Brands.
In addition, Rob Solomon has been appointed executive vice president, customer care & operations administration, HSNi, and Bob Monti as executive vice president, Supply Chain & logistics, HSNi, both reporting to Schmeling.
Tags:Bob Monti, Cornerstone, HSN, Judy Schmeling, Michael Attinella, Mindy Grossman, Patrick Vonderhaar, Rob Solomon, The Homeshoppingista