text:
Q: Custom Calendar and Calendar Adapter I have a custom calendar, modified from the one seen here. On initial load it shows everything as it is suppose to.
However I have two issues.
1.) On the previous month button it goes from August to July as expected but it doesn't clear off all the images.
2.) Going from July to August it stays on July and rearranges the dates.
BaseAdapter:
public class CalendarAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private Context mContext;
    private java.util.Calendar month;
    public GregorianCalendar pmonth; // calendar instance for previous month
    public GregorianCalendar pmonthmaxset;
    private GregorianCalendar selectedDate;
    public static List<String> dayString;
    private List<String[]> anArrayOfStrings = new ArrayList<String[]>();
    int firstDay, maxWeeknumber, maxP, calMaxP, lastWeekDay, leftDays, mnthlength;
    String itemvalue, curentDateString;
    DateFormat df;
    ImageView mimgPeriod, mimgEnergy, mimgIntercorse, mimgPregancy, mimgHeadache, mimgMood;
    DateFormat formatter;
    Date rowdatetemp;
    Date caldatetemp;
    String box;
    private int mHeight = 0;
    private int mWidth = 0;

    public CalendarAdapter(Context c, GregorianCalendar monthCalendar) {
        CalendarAdapter.dayString = new ArrayList<String>();
        Locale.setDefault( Locale.US );
        month = monthCalendar;
        selectedDate = (GregorianCalendar) monthCalendar.clone();
        mContext = c;
        month.set(GregorianCalendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
        new ArrayList<String>();
        df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd", Locale.US);
        curentDateString = df.format(selectedDate.getTime());
        refreshDays();
        box = null;

    }

    public void setItems(List<String[]> anArrayOfStrings) {
        this.anArrayOfStrings = anArrayOfStrings;
    }

    public int getCount() {
        return dayString.size();
    }

    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return dayString.get(position);
    }

    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return 0;
    }

    // create a new view for each item referenced by the Adapter
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        View v = convertView;
        TextView dayView;

        if (convertView == null) { // if it's not recycled, initialize some
                                    // attributes
            LayoutInflater vi = (LayoutInflater) mContext.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
            v = vi.inflate(R.layout.calendar_item, null);
        }

        dayView = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.date);

        // separates daystring into parts.
        String[] separatedTime = dayString.get(position).split("-");

        // taking last part of date. ie; 2 from 2012-12-02
        String gridvalue = separatedTime[2].replaceFirst("^0*", "");

        // checking whether the day is in current month or not.
        if ((Integer.parseInt(gridvalue) > 1) && (position < firstDay)) {
            // setting offdays to white color.
            dayView.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
            dayView.setClickable(false);
            dayView.setFocusable(false);
        } else if ((Integer.parseInt(gridvalue) < 7) && (position > 28)) {
            dayView.setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
            dayView.setClickable(false);
            dayView.setFocusable(false);
        } else {
            // setting curent month's days in blue color.
            dayView.setTextColor(Color.BLUE);
        }

        dayView.setText(gridvalue);

        //create date string for comparison
        String date = dayString.get(position);

        if (date.length() == 1) {
            date = "0" + date;
        }

        String monthStr = "" + (month.get(GregorianCalendar.MONTH) + 1);
        if (monthStr.length() == 1) {
            monthStr = "0" + monthStr;
        }

        //look in the hashtable in order to find the position date and then populate the img's
        if ((anArrayOfStrings != null) && (anArrayOfStrings.size() > 0)) {
            if (formatter == null) {
                formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd", Locale.US);
            }
            Log.i("PROJECTCARUSO","Date: " + date);
            for (String[] row : anArrayOfStrings) {
                //convert date's
                try {
                    caldatetemp = (Date)formatter.parse(date);
                } catch (ParseException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                try {
                    rowdatetemp = (Date)formatter.parse(row[0]);
                } catch (ParseException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                // current position date in calendar
                // array date is after the calendar date
                if (rowdatetemp.after(caldatetemp)) {
                    break;
                //current position date > first array date then continue to see if there is one for this date
                } else if (rowdatetemp.before(caldatetemp)) {
                    continue;
                //Found a match
                } else if (date.equalsIgnoreCase(row[0])) {
                    for (int i = 1; i < row.length; i++) {
                        Log.i("PROJECTCARUSO","row[" + i +"]: " + row[i]);

                        //Now that we have a match look through each detail
                        if ( row[i]!= null ) {
                                if ((i == 1) && ((row[i].equalsIgnoreCase("yes")) || (isNumeric(row[i]))))  {
                                    mimgPeriod      = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgPeriod);
                                    setVisible(v, mimgPeriod);
                                    mimgPeriod.setImageAlpha(100);
                                    box = "red";
                                    continue;
                                }

                                if ((i == 2) && ((row[i].equalsIgnoreCase("yes")) || (isNumeric(row[i])))) {
                                    mimgIntercorse  = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgIntercorse);
                                    setVisible(v, mimgIntercorse);
                                    mimgIntercorse.setImageAlpha(100);
                                    continue;
                                }

                                if ((i == 4) && ((row[i].equalsIgnoreCase("yes")) || (isNumeric(row[i])))) {
                                    mimgHeadache    = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgHeadache);
                                    setVisible(v, mimgHeadache);
                                    mimgHeadache.setImageAlpha(100);
                                    continue;
                                }

                                if ((i == 5) && ((row[i].equalsIgnoreCase("yes")) || (isNumeric(row[i])))) {
                                    mimgPregancy    = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgPregancy);
                                    setVisible(v, mimgPregancy);
                                    mimgPregancy.setImageAlpha(100);
                                    continue;
                                }
                        }

                        if (( row[i]!= null ) && (i == 6) && (!row[i].equalsIgnoreCase("no"))) {
                            mimgEnergy      = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgEnergy);
                            setImg(v, mimgEnergy, row[i].toString());
                            setVisible(v, mimgEnergy);
                            continue;
                        }

                        if (( row[i]!= null ) && (i == 3) && (!row[i].equalsIgnoreCase("no"))) {
                            mimgMood        = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgMood);
                            setImg(v, mimgMood, row[i].toString());
                            setVisible(v, mimgMood);
                            continue;
                        }

                        if (( row[i]!= null ) && (i == 7) || (box != null)) {

                            if (box == null) {
                                if (row[i].equalsIgnoreCase("no")) {
                                    box = "brown";

                                } else {
                                    box = "yellow";
                                }
                            }

                            Drawable []layers = new Drawable [2];
                            int imageResource1 = mContext.getResources().getIdentifier("drawable/calendar_cell", null, mContext.getPackageName());
                            Drawable background = v.getResources().getDrawable(imageResource1);
                            layers [0]= background;

                            int imageResource = mContext.getResources().getIdentifier("drawable/box_" + box, null, mContext.getPackageName());
                            Drawable boxImg = v.getResources().getDrawable(imageResource);
                            boxImg.setAlpha(100);
                            layers [1]= boxImg;

                            LayerDrawable layerDrawable = new LayerDrawable (layers);

                            mWidth = v.getWidth();
                            mHeight=v.getHeight();
                            v.getLayoutParams().height = mHeight;
                            v.getLayoutParams().width = mWidth;
                            v.setBackground(layerDrawable);

                            //reset
                            box = null;

                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else {
            Log.i("PROJECTCARUSO","RESETING VIEWS TO INVISIBLE");
            mimgMood        = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgMood);
            mimgEnergy      = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgEnergy);
            mimgPregancy    = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgPregancy);
            mimgHeadache    = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgHeadache);
            mimgIntercorse  = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgIntercorse);
            mimgPeriod      = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.imgPeriod);
            setInvisibleVisible(v, mimgMood);
            setInvisibleVisible(v, mimgEnergy);
            setInvisibleVisible(v, mimgPregancy);
            setInvisibleVisible(v, mimgHeadache);
            setInvisibleVisible(v, mimgIntercorse);
            setInvisibleVisible(v, mimgPeriod);
        }

        //clear the array after using it.
        //anArrayOfStrings.clear();
        return v;
    }

    public View setVisible(View view, ImageView iv) {
        iv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        return view;
    }

    public View setInvisibleVisible(View view, ImageView iv) {
        iv.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
        return view;
    }

    public View setImg(View view, ImageView iv, String mood) {
        iv.setImageAlpha(100);
        iv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        int draw = mContext.getResources().getIdentifier("drawable/" + mood, null, mContext.getPackageName());
        iv.setImageResource(draw);
        return view;
    }

    public void refreshDays() {
        // clear items
        anArrayOfStrings.clear();

        dayString.clear();
        Locale.setDefault( Locale.US );
        pmonth = (GregorianCalendar) month.clone();

        // month start day. ie; sun, mon, etc
        firstDay = month.get(GregorianCalendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);

        // finding number of weeks in current month.
        maxWeeknumber = month.getActualMaximum(GregorianCalendar.WEEK_OF_MONTH);

        // allocating maximum row number for the gridview.
        mnthlength = maxWeeknumber * 7;
        maxP = getMaxP(); // previous month maximum day 31,30....
        calMaxP = maxP - (firstDay - 1);// calendar offday starting 24,25 ...

        pmonthmaxset = (GregorianCalendar) pmonth.clone();
        pmonthmaxset.set(GregorianCalendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, calMaxP + 1);

        for (int n = 0; n < mnthlength; n++) {

            itemvalue = df.format(pmonthmaxset.getTime());
            pmonthmaxset.add(GregorianCalendar.DATE, 1);
            dayString.add(itemvalue);

        }
    }

    private int getMaxP() {
        int maxP;
        if (month.get(GregorianCalendar.MONTH) == month
                .getActualMinimum(GregorianCalendar.MONTH)) {
            pmonth.set((month.get(GregorianCalendar.YEAR) - 1),
                    month.getActualMaximum(GregorianCalendar.MONTH), 1);
        } else {
            pmonth.set(GregorianCalendar.MONTH,
                    month.get(GregorianCalendar.MONTH) - 1);
        }
        maxP = pmonth.getActualMaximum(GregorianCalendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);

        return maxP;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    public static boolean isNumeric(String str)
    {
      try
      {
        double d = Double.parseDouble(str);
      }
      catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
      {
        return false;
      }
      return true;
    }

}

Calendar:
public class CalendarFragment extends Fragment {

    public GregorianCalendar month;// calendar instances.
    public CalendarAdapter adapter;           // adapter instance
    public Handler handler;                   // for grabbing some event values for showing the dot
                                              // marker.
    public ArrayList<String> items;           // container to store calendar items which
                                              // needs showing the event marker
    int i;
    List<String[]> anArrayOfStrings = new ArrayList<String[]>();
    String startdate, enddate;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_calendar, null);

        month = (GregorianCalendar) GregorianCalendar.getInstance();
        month.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1-1);

        SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd",Locale.US);

        //start date for cursor
        startdate = df.format(month.getTime());

        //end date
        month.add(Calendar.MONTH, 1);
        month.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, +5);
        enddate = df.format(month.getTime());

        month.add(Calendar.MONTH, -1);
        Locale.setDefault( Locale.US );
        month = (GregorianCalendar) GregorianCalendar.getInstance();

        items = new ArrayList<String>();
        adapter = new CalendarAdapter(getActivity(), month);

        GridView gridview = (GridView) view.findViewById(R.id.gridview);
        gridview.setAdapter(adapter);

        handler = new Handler();
        handler.post(calendarUpdater);

        TextView title = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.title);
        title.setText(android.text.format.DateFormat.format("MMMM yyyy", month));

        RelativeLayout previous = (RelativeLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.previous);

        previous.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                setPreviousMonth();
                refreshCalendar();
            }
        });

        RelativeLayout next = (RelativeLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.next);
        next.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                setNextMonth();
                refreshCalendar();

            }
        });

        gridview.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v,
                    int position, long id) {

                String selectedGridDate = CalendarAdapter.dayString
                        .get(position);
                String[] separatedTime = selectedGridDate.split("-");
                String gridvalueString = separatedTime[2].replaceFirst("^0*",
                        "");// taking last part of date. ie; 2 from 2012-12-02.
                int gridvalue = Integer.parseInt(gridvalueString);
                // navigate to next or previous month on clicking offdays.
                if ((gridvalue > 10) && (position < 8)) {
                    setPreviousMonth();
                    refreshCalendar();
                } else if ((gridvalue < 7) && (position > 28)) {
                    setNextMonth();
                    refreshCalendar();
                }
            }
        });
        return view;
    }

    protected void setNextMonth() {
        if (month.get(GregorianCalendar.MONTH) == month
                .getActualMaximum(GregorianCalendar.MONTH)) {
            month.set((month.get(GregorianCalendar.YEAR) + 1),
                    month.getActualMinimum(GregorianCalendar.MONTH), 1);
        } else {
            month.set(GregorianCalendar.MONTH,
                    month.get(GregorianCalendar.MONTH) + 1);
        }

    }

    protected void setPreviousMonth() {
        if (month.get(GregorianCalendar.MONTH) == month
                .getActualMinimum(GregorianCalendar.MONTH)) {
            month.set((month.get(GregorianCalendar.YEAR) - 1),
                    month.getActualMaximum(GregorianCalendar.MONTH), 1);
        } else {
            month.set(GregorianCalendar.MONTH,
                    month.get(GregorianCalendar.MONTH) - 1);
        }

    }

    public void refreshCalendar() {
        TextView title = (TextView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.title);

        adapter.refreshDays();
        adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
        handler.post(calendarUpdater); // generate some calendar items

        title.setText(android.text.format.DateFormat.format("MMMM yyyy", month));
    }

    public Runnable calendarUpdater = new Runnable() {

        @Override
        public void run() {

            SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd",Locale.US);

            //start date for cursor
            month.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, -1);
            startdate = df.format(month.getTime());

            //end date
            month.add(Calendar.MONTH, 1);
            enddate = df.format(month.getTime());
            month.add(Calendar.MONTH, -1);

            anArrayOfStrings.clear();

            // Get the data
            Cursor c = getActivity().getContentResolver().query(StatusProvider.CONTENT_URI_CHARTING, null, "? < " + StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_DATE + " AND ? > " + StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_DATE , new String[] {startdate, enddate}, StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_DATE + " ASC");
            c.moveToFirst();
            while(c.isAfterLast() == false){
                anArrayOfStrings.add( new String [] {c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_DATE)),
                                              c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_PERIOD)), c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_INTERCORSE)),
                                              c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_MOOD)), c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_HEADACHE)),
                                              c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_TEST)), c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_ENERGY)),
                                              c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_FERTILE) )});

                Log.i("PROJECTCARUSO","DATE ADDED TO ARRAY:" +  c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(StatusData.KEY_CHARTING_DATE)));

                i+=1;
                c.moveToNext();
            }

            adapter.setItems(anArrayOfStrings);
            adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
        }
    };

}

Calendar_item.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/item"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="@drawable/calendar_cell"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/date"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="1"
            android:textColor="#0000D7"
            android:textSize="14sp"
            android:textStyle="bold" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imgPeriod"
            android:layout_width="15dp"
            android:layout_height="15dp"
            android:src="@drawable/period"
            android:visibility="invisible"/>

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imgIntercorse"
            android:layout_width="15dp"
            android:layout_height="15dp"
            android:src="@drawable/intercorse"
            android:visibility="invisible" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imgPregancy"
            android:layout_width="15dp"
            android:layout_height="15dp"
            android:src="@drawable/pregnancy"
            android:visibility="invisible"  />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imgEnergy"
            android:layout_width="15dp"
            android:layout_height="15dp"
            android:src="@drawable/energy_1"
            android:visibility="invisible" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imgHeadache"
            android:layout_width="15dp"
            android:layout_height="15dp"
            android:src="@drawable/pregnancy"
            android:visibility="invisible" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imgMood"
            android:layout_width="15dp"
            android:layout_height="15dp"
            android:src="@drawable/mood"
            android:visibility="invisible" />
     </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

fragment_calendar.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/background"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <RelativeLayout
        android:id="@+id/header"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="@drawable/calendar_top" >

        <RelativeLayout
            android:id="@+id/previous"
            android:layout_width="40dip"
            android:layout_height="30dip"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" >

            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_centerInParent="true"
                android:background="@drawable/arrow_left" />
        </RelativeLayout>

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/title"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
            android:layout_marginTop="5dip"
            android:textColor="#000000"
            android:textSize="18dip"
            android:textStyle="bold" />

        <RelativeLayout
            android:id="@+id/next"
            android:layout_width="40dip"
            android:layout_height="30dip"
            android:layout_alignParentRight="true" >

            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_centerInParent="true"
                android:background="@drawable/arrow_right" />
        </RelativeLayout>
    </RelativeLayout>

    <GridView
        android:id="@+id/gridview"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:listSelector="@android:color/transparent"
        android:numColumns="7"
        android:stretchMode="columnWidth" />

</LinearLayout>

A: 1st fix: I'm not resetting the background. So this fixes that part. Now the views (dates) are not getting repopulated when going previous month.
//set background
int imageResource = mContext.getResources().getIdentifier("drawable/calendar_cell", null, mContext.getPackageName());
Drawable orgImg = v.getResources().getDrawable(imageResource);
v.setBackground(orgImg);

2nd fix: Reusing the calendar object is throwing off your calendar. Create a new calendar object so they don't conflict with each other.


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text:
Accessory to Amador Jones murder sentenced to 9 years
St. Maarten – The Court in First Instance sentenced Kennedy Cynrick Akeem Daniel to 9 years imprisonment for being an accessory to the murder of Amador Jones on April 16 of last year. The verdict sends an ominous message to other suspects in the Vesuvius-investigation that did the real killing and who will go to trial on October 1.
Daniel, 22, is no stranger to the justice system. In June 2010 he was sentenced to 8 months imprisonment, of which 3 months suspended, and 3 years of probation. In this case, the court acquitted the defendant of a role in the attempted manslaughter on a couple in Middle Region on September 16, 2008. But Daniel was sentenced for threatening the life of a policeman during his detention in Statia and for destroying the interior of his cell.
This time around, Daniel was found guilty of taking Omax Bye, aka Mad Max, on his bike to the Under the Sun car wash and snack bar on the Gladiola Road, where Bye, who had been promised $20,000 for the job by the also murdered Miguel Arrindell, fatally shot Amador Jones. After the killing, Daniel and Bye fled on the bike from the scene.
The court acquitted Daniel of being an accomplice to the murder, but it considered legally and convincingly proven that the defendant made his bike available to Omax Bye and that he had driven him to the murder scene. "The court deducts from the fact that the defendant denies his own actions that he knew about Omax Bye's plans. He also apparently lied by saying he does not know Omax Bye; during his pretrial detention he apparently attempted in a phone conversation to push a co-suspect to hide his bike."
The court also found proof for firearm possession; investigators found DNA-profile on a gun hidden in a car he was driving at the time of his arrest.
Accessory to Amador Jones murder sentenced to 9 years by admin
Mandrake's buddy on Today's Opinion: Global Wealth Trade: too good to be true?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Php Array removing duplication and string conversion hi i have output of an array as follow:
Array (
[0] => 66, 65, 64
[1] => 57
[2] => 66,23
[3] => 66
)

How can i remove duplication values and convert the collection into comma separated string? The unique output is 66,65,64,57,23. Thanks

A: Make use of array_unique() and array_reverse():
$array = Array (
  0 => '66, 65, 64',
  1 => '57',
  2 => '66,23',
  3 => '66',
);
$collection = array();
foreach($array as $numbers) {
  $nums = explode(',', $numbers);
  foreach($nums as $num) {
    $collection[] = trim($num);
  }
}
// unique and sort
$collection = array_unique($collection, SORT_NUMERIC);
// reverse it so that it can be descending order
$collection = array_reverse($collection);
print_r($collection);

which will output :
Array (
  [0] => 66
  [1] => 65
  [2] => 64
  [3] => 57
  [4] => 23
)

A: you iterate through the array and add it to a final array by checking its values then implode to construct a string.
$array = Array (
0 => array(66, 65, 64),
1 => array(57),
2 => array(66,23),
3 => array( 66)
);

$final = array();

foreach ($array as $item) {
   foreach ($item as $num) {
       if (!in_array($num, $final)) $final[] = $num;
   }
}

$str = implode(",", $final);
echo $str

A: well, the code is lil ugly...
$test = [
 '0' => '66, 65',
 '1' => '80', '66'
];
$temp = implode(',', array_map('trim', array_unique(explode(',', implode(',', $test)))));
print_r($test);
print_r($temp);

//output
 Array (
  [0] => 66, 65
  [1] => 80
  [2] => 66
  )

 66,65,80

A: Ok:
<?php

$array = array(
     "66, 65, 64",
     57,
     "66,23",
     66
);

function dosplit($a,$b) {
    if (preg_match("/,/",$b)) {
        $a = array_merge($a, preg_split('/\s*,\s*/', $b));
    } else {
        array_push($a, $b);
    }
    return $a;
}
$result = array_reduce($array, 'dosplit' ,array());
$array = array_unique($result);

The output is:
Array
(
    [0] => 66
    [1] => 65
    [2] => 64
    [3] => 57
    [5] => 23
)

A: This might is useful for you:
$array = array(
    "66, 65, 64 ",
    "57",
    "66,23",
    "66",
);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($array);
//to make single line
foreach ($array as $val) {
    $singleline.=$val . ",";
}
echo $singleline . "</br>";
//remove the "," end of the value
$endvlaue = rtrim($singleline, ",");
echo $endvlaue;
//make an array
$val = explode(",", $endvlaue);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($val);
echo "<pre>";
//make uniqu
$finalvalue = array_unique($val);
echo "<pre>";
//make , seperator
print_r(implode(",", $finalvalue));

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I bought the charms off Ebay and decided to make a necklace from them. Charms include a little take-out box, a fortune cookie and some chopsticks!
I love this because I love Chinese take-out, very cute!
that's really lovely! I love miniture things.


text:
"Road to Rhode Island" (em português, "Estrada para Rhode Island" é o décimo terceiro episódio da segunda temporada da série animada americana de televisão Uma Família da Pesada. Originalmente, foi exibido na Fox dos Estados Unidos em 30 de maio de 2000. Brian se oferece para trazer Stewie de volta ao lar vindo da casa dos avós em Califórnia, contudo, ambos perdem o avião e devem viajar a pé em uma jornada que atravessa o país para conseguirem chegar até a casa. Ao mesmo tempo, Peter fica viciado ao assistir uma coleção de vídeos de conselhos sobre casamentos, apresentados por uma artista pornô.

Foi dirigido por Dan Povenmire e escrito por Gary Janetti. Contou com a participação de Victoria Principal como Dra. Amanda Rebecca, Danny Smith e Wally Wingert como vários personagens. O criador da série, Seth MacFarlane, teve a ideia para este episódio, baseando-se nos filmes de comédia da série de 1940 Road to..., estrelados  por Bing Crosby, Bob Hope e Dorothy Lamour. Recebeu análises positivas de críticos televisivos. Foi nomeado para um Prêmio Emmy de Melhor Programa Animado com Menos de Uma Hora, mas perdeu para o episódio de Os Simpsons, "Por trás das Risadas".

Enredo

O episódio começa com um flashback, voltando no tempo sete anos antes, onde se revela que Brian nasceu em uma fazenda e foi separado de sua mãe. De volta ao presente, o cão conta ao seu psiquiatra sobre tal experiência. Depois, ele se oferece para trazer Stewie de volta das suas férias na casa de praia dos avôs em Palm Springs, Califórnia, onde o bebê faz uma empregada ser demitida para seu divertimento no jantar. No bar do aeroporto, Brian fica bastante bêbado e, quando Stewie vai chamá-lo, percebe que as passagens para o avião haviam sido roubadas. Eles param em um motel de estrada, onde o garoto tenta ligar para sua casa, contudo falha ao acreditar que o número do telefone era 867-5309. No dia seguinte, os dois precisam escapar e roubam um carro, já que o cartão de crédito deles foi rejeitado. Para chegar no lar, Stewie e Brian se passam por colheitadores para roubar um avião, que imediatamente quebra. A dupla continua viajando de carona para chegar a Quahog, e passam em uma fazenda próxima a Austin, Texas, o local de nascimento de Brian. Ao entrarem na fazenda, descobrem que a mãe do cão foi taxidermizada e se tornou uma mesa dos donos da propriedade, servindo como memorial. Com a ajuda de Stewie, Brian faz um enterro para sua mãe. Enquanto o menino elogia a cadela, cita inesperadamente uma história bíblica de Abraão e Isaac. Ambos terminam a jornada para o lar ao viajarem em um vagão aberto, onde Brian pede desculpas a Stewie por criar vários problemas, embora ele afirme que gostou de tais aventuras. Reconciliados, interpretam um dueto musical, "Off On the Road to Rhode Island", enquanto o trem leva-os até o destino.

Enquanto isso, Lois insiste que Peter assista vídeos sobre relacionamentos com ela, entretanto, se tornam pornografias apresentados pela Dra. Amanda Rebecca, que faz strip depois que pede para as mulheres se retirarem do quarto. Peter fica viciado nos vídeos, para o desgosto da esposa. Ela faz uma filmagem de si mesma e coloca no fim de uma das fitas, vestindo lingerie preta e excitando o marido. Enquanto se beijam, Peter volta a fita, assistindo a parte em que a esposa tira a vestimenta diversas vezes. Quando Stewie e Brian chegam em casa, Lois pergunta ao filho sobre a viagem, e ele afirma que foi bastante calma, aliviando o cão. Lois deixa a sala e o animal agradece ao bebê por não dedurá-lo, perguntando se existe algo que pode fazer para recopensá-lo. Primeiramente, o desejo de Stewie é que Brian seja seu servinte, mostrando um episódio de The Brady Bunch para exemplificar, porém, ele somente pede que grave o mesmo episódio em uma fita.

Produção

"Estrada para Rhode Island" foi dirigido por Dan Povenmire, que atuou na direção da série pela primeira vez, e escrito por Gary Janetti. Contou com as participações de Victoria Principal como Dra. Amanda Rebecca, Danny Smith e Wally Wingert como vários personagens. O criador de Uma Família da Pesada, Seth MacFarlane, garantiu a importante criatividade livre de Povenmire para dirigir episódios. Dan disse que MacFarlane falou a ele, "Nós temos dois minutos para preencher. Dê-me algumas piadas visuais. Faça qualquer coisa que quiser. Eu confio em você." O diretor destacou o estilo de administração do criador, que permitiu a diversão durante a produção.

Este é o primeiro episódio da série "Estrada para", que é exibida durante várias temporadas do programa. São paródias dos sete filmes de comédia de Road to..., estrelados por Bing Crosby, Bob Hope e Dorothy Lamour. MacFarlane, que é fã da série de filmes, foi o responsável pela ideia. O número musical do episódio é cantado no mesmo tom de "(We're Off on the) Road to Morocco, de A Sedução do Marrocos. Povenmire dirigiu este e outros dois episódios "Estrada para" antes de deixar a série para criar seu próprio programa, intitulado Phineas e Ferb, um seriado que, desde então, foi nomeado para três Prêmios Emmy.

Cena banida
Durante a seção no aeroporto do episódio, existe uma cena que foi, subsequentemente, cortada de algumas edições/exibições do programa, envolvendo Osama bin Laden. Nesta, Stewie, quando se aproxima da segurança do local, percebe que sua bolsa está cheia de armas. Ele faz uma pausa e canta "On the Good Ship Lollipop" para distrair os revistores dos raios X. Então, o bebê diz, "Vamos torcer para que Osama bin Laden não conheça Showtunes." Nesse momento, o terrorista é exibido em outro corredor, distraindo os revistores ao cantar "I hope I get it" do A Chorus Line. Mesmo que o episódio tenha sido produzido um ano e meio antes do 11 de setembro, ainda era controverso, e foi retirado do lançamento do DVD original dos Estados Unidos. No entanto, foi adicionado de volta no lançamento do DVD Freakin' Sweet Collection.

Recepção
Em sua avaliação de 2009, Ahsan Haque da IGN classificou o episódio em 10/10, destacando-o e afirmando que tinha "boa escrita, piadas hilárias, uma musicalidade contagiante e uma história que é igualmente hilária e tocante ao mesmo tempo - Uma Família da Pesada não é o melhor em fazer isso." O episódio foi nomeado para um Emmy Award de Melhor Programa Animado com Menos de Uma Hora, contudo, perdeu para o episódio de Os Simpsons Por trás das Risadas.

Ligações externas

Episódios da 2ª temporada de Family Guy
Representações culturais de Osama bin Laden
Episódios de 2000

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machining tensile test specimen [Archive] - CNCzone.com- Largest Forums for CNC Professional and Hobbyist alike!
I need to machine a test specimen for a tensile test machine. The dimensions are given in the attached file. What would be the best machining method? One has to use a round insert because left-hand, right-hand as well as neutral tool with diamond-shaped insert will all cause interference at the shoulder which has an arc at 90 degree. Do I have to machine the left shoulder (say, from half the length to the left shoulder) using right-hand tool, right shoulder using left-hand tool, leaving some allowance, to be followed by neutral tool with round insert, for finishing? Or can everything be done by a neutral tool with a round insert? If yes, what can be maximum depth of cut with the round insert of diameter 6 mm, if the workpiece is mild steel, and the spindle is 5kW motor? I have an intuitive feeling that a round insert is not meant for heavy cuts (say, 1-2 mm), specially when it plunges into the workpiece, before straight turning starts. Am I correct?
I regularly make similar tensile specimens out of ¾" steel and aluminum bar stock. The gage section of the specimens is turned down to ½". I make them on a Warner & Swasey turret lathe. The tooling used is a Kennametal tool holder with ½" round insert. The round tool is used to make all cuts in the gage section of the part. The profile cut is made in 3 passes two .050" ruffling pass and one .025 finish pass. Each pass starts at the right hand side of the part and then plunges in, then cuts towards the head of the machine. The machine Is old, so the spindle speeds are low in my case (750 rpm) and the surface finish would probably be better if cut at a faster speed. But in all of my trials with these parts I have found that cutting the profile in one motion is best, because if there is any step or mark from using two different tools to cut the radius and the gage section it will result in a stress point that can throw off the tensile testing.
What feedrate are you using?


Here's a simple one for you.
I'm capturing numbers from my prompt, storing the data in variables, and using the data in gauges.
I ran my scripts and got the error about comparing strings and numbers. So I went and set all the variables to number and saved it 100 different ways. The scripts worked perfectly. But as soon as I tried it live, the variables switched from number to string.
How do I tell Mudlet that those variables are numbers?
You have to use tonumber() when you assign the value.


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Amidst the flux of the liberal international order, Japan's public diplomacy, which relies solely on its cultural uniqueness, is inadequate. The author proposes new principles for an age where the diplomatic sphere is expanding from negotiation tactics to agenda setting and norm setting.
In the fall of 2017 when there was a succession of major events—the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and US President Donald Trump's visit to China—I visited Peking University and had an opportunity to exchange opinions with many experts and specialists.
What impressed me in particular was that the Chinese side emphasized the negative aspect of democracy and used it in justification of the Communist Party's monopoly on power. The Chinese experts and specialists said the following: Democracy could just consider short-term profits like companies operating under a capitalist system. The only interest of politicians and political parties is the next elections. They merely show an opportunistic attitude toward the electorate and cannot come out with mid- and long-term national strategies. As a result, the populism symbolized by the Trump phenomenon and Brexit has risen. The Chinese-style governance model is more versatile than democracy globally in terms of the multiplicity of uses. Now is the time for China to lead the international order.
Aside from this line of reasoning, it is almost certain that the democracy that led the liberal international order following World War II has been jolted in the West. The recent situation, which is referred to as liberal fatigue, with a declining tolerance toward social diversity, growing distrust of journalists and specialists and the rise of political techniques that incite divisions and confrontations, seems to reveal the self-destruction of Western soft power (appeal).
Furthermore, this boils down to more deep-seated structural problems that cannot be reduced to the personal qualities of particular political leaders. That is, the problem is that the existing political and social systems are unable to respond to the transformation of the industrial structure, the expansion of social disparities, the shrinking of the middle class and the increase in immigrant workers. In addition, it also boils down to the fundamental question of whether global capitalism, national sovereignty and democracy can co-exist, the so-called global trilemma (Professor Dani Rodrik).
In the case of the United States, for example, even if the Trump administration comes to an end in up to six years, as long as these structural problems remain, the logics and dynamism of "America First" will continue to have an impact on American soft power. This is the reason why I cannot be as optimistic about the future of American soft power as Professor Joseph Nye (Harvard University), an advocate for soft power theory.
But I may not have to be excessively pessimistic. This is because discourses against liberal fatigue are also still animated in Western societies. This is clearly exemplified by the fact that more than 350 American newspapers argued against President Trump's blasting domestic media that criticized him as "fake news" in chorus in their editorials in August 2018. Professor Nye referred to this ability to criticize and correct oneself as "meta soft power." It is an ability that China still cannot have and will continue to be unable to acquire under the existing political system.
A great deal of attention is currently being paid to China and Russia, which are authoritarian states, because of their sharp power, not meta soft power; that is, information maneuvering aimed at manipulating the public opinion of target states. Western soft power focuses on the interaction of information, whereas sharp power is essentially mono-directional and takes advantage of the openness or vulnerability of target states' systems.
As I wrote in Culture and Diplomacy: The Age of Public Diplomacy in 2011, I visited Vanuatu, a South Pacific country, in the fall of 2010. The purpose of my visit was to gain an understanding of the circumstances surrounding the English international television broadcasts that China ran in the country. To China, Vanuatu was a place of strategic importance located almost in the middle of its grandiose routes to South America and was also a risky country that came near to establishing diplomatic relations with Taiwan in 2004 (although within a very short period of time). China provided a range of support for Vanuatu's parliament building and the roofs of vegetable and fruit markets in the city. China also provided satellite parabolic antennas enabling Vanuatu to gain access to Chinese international broadcasts free of charge. In addition, a Chinese system was introduced to the information infrastructures of the government of Vanuatu.
Today, eight years later, I often see or hear similar stories in Asia and Africa. There is skepticism that China launched a cyber-intervention in the Cambodian general election in July 2018. There are also strong voices of warning against possible Chinese interventions in the Indonesian presidential election and the mid-term election in the Philippines to be held next year.
You already know about Russia's intervention in the US presidential election in 2016. A US intelligence agency acknowledges this and is on alert against Russia's possible intervention in the mid-term election to be held this fall.
In April last year, the US Department of State established the Global Engagement Center (GEC) under the jurisdiction of the assistant secretary in charge of public diplomacy (PD). With the blurring of the boundary between PD and intelligence activities, the Center monitors information maneuvering by foreign countries and terrorist organizations.
But even if sharp power is a furious ogre in the digital age, such information maneuvering can also be detected more easily in this age. In fact, Russia's intervention in the US presidential election was often covered by the media in the summer of 2016. Focusing on the high level of private organizations' information analysis capabilities, GEC mainly provides money to those organizations without conducting its own independent investigations.
Of course, it is out of the question for democracies to stage similar information maneuvering because sharp power takes advantage of the unguarded spots of free and open democratic states. In addition, if democratic states shut a free and open national system by themselves out of their vigilance against sharp power, they will merely play into the hands of the opponent. What the opponent wants most is to drag down the target in terms of moral high ground to his position and to induce the target's soft power to self-destruct.
In this sense, President Trump, who is strangely tolerant to Russia's intervention but is putting stronger pressure on US intelligence agencies and news outlets, may be ideal for China and Russia. In the meantime, China and Russia should be more aware that the soft power strategies they are considering have already been watched with caution as sharp power and could further undermine their national appeal in the medium and long term.
It would be self-evidently clear that the basics of value required for Japan are maintaining the liberal international order in considering these backgrounds and contexts. Although Japan is a stable democracy with the world's third largest economic scale, advanced technological prowess and a population of more than 100 million, it does not embrace ambitions for global hegemony. Japan's assets include the good sentiment and trust of other countries, with the exception of China and South and North Korea. In addition, Japan contributes to expanding free trade through economic partnership agreements (EPA) with the European Union (EU) and the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP, so-called TPP11), which has been signed by eleven countries. The Free and Open Indo-Pacific design with the United States, Australia and Indonesia is important in terms of infrastructure and social developments in developing countries as well as security.
Japanese diplomacy is often criticized for its obedience to the United States. However, you will find that this way of thinking is inaccurate if you consider Japan's settlement of TPP11, its support for the Paris agreement on climate change and the Iran nuclear agreement and its maintenance of the Japanese Embassy in Tel Aviv, Israel. Considering how tough the security environment surrounding Japan is, our country cannot confront the United States in the same way as European countries. Japan is required to have the wisdom and take action to secure the United States on the side of the liberal international order, maintaining a sense of balance.
When Japanese value and soft power were discussed up until now, Japan's distinctiveness tended to be emphasized. Japanese PD also focused on culture, art and language for many years. This is because this approach made it easier to highlight distinctiveness. The Cool Japan strategy and efforts to attract inbound tourists in recent years are also basically an extension of this approach.
This approach can be said to be a success. In the latest Soft Power 30 rankings (2017), which are released in summer every year by Portland Communications, a British public relations company, Japan ranked fifth (sixth in the previous year). This shows that Japanese culture and tradition are evaluated very highly.
Of course, this approach of highlighting distinctiveness is not wrong at all. The gateway to Japan for young generations abroad is culture, not economy. This approach is extremely effective for expanding the circle of people who understand Japan. On the other hand, however, the approach of highlighting universality appears to leave a great deal of room for growth.
As discussed in Culture and Diplomacy, Japanese PD came to emphasize international contribution and international cooperation in the 1990s, when checkbook diplomacy was criticized. In fact, activities related to human security in a broad sense, ranging from development support to humanitarian assistance to peace-building, also became more active and came to be regarded as an important constituent of PD. This can be said to be a huge paradigm shift.
Today Japan bears heavy responsibility for maintaining the liberal international order. From now on, Japanese value and soft power will be required to further heighten their appeal in the sphere of universality, utilizing the accumulation of past efforts. With the hurdle of exercising military might growing higher and deepening economic interdependence, countries are competing for appeal over existing provisions, setting issues and shaping standards and norms in international politics. It is quite insufficient to only highlight Japanese distinctiveness.
PD is not an end in itself, but a means for achieving policy goals. Accordingly, if you highlight Japanese universality, you need to start by designing individual policies so that national interests and international interests can overlap. It is difficult to attract customers (international public opinion) to bad products (policy), and if the gap with real things (reality) is large, your credibility will be lost. For example, in the case of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games as well, it is almost certain that programs and directions highlighting Japan's distinctiveness will attract attention and be evaluated highly.
On the other hand, how will universality look? In March 2018, I had an opportunity to attend a symposium on sports diplomacy that was held at the Foundation for Strategic Research (FRS) in Paris. It tuned out that the most frequently asked questions by the audience related to the raison d'être of the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Officially, the Games are intended for sustainability, including the environment and human rights in a broad sense, but the concept itself lacks novelty. It appears that further ingenuity that can prevent self-complacency and self-praise among the people concerned is needed.
At the symposium, one of the audience members commented, "Regarding the summer Olympics, the Games are scheduled to be held in succession in advanced countries for the first time in many years, in Tokyo, Paris (2024) and Los Angeles (2028). I hope that they will clearly highlight the differences from the Olympics in China and Russia." For example, it is conceivable to set a program based on a collaboration between the three cities. In addition, at the Olympic Winter Games in PyeongChang in 2018, the rapprochement between South and North Korea attracted global attention. This was criticized by some as being the political use of the Olympics, but the modern Olympics originally began as part of peaceful movements. It would be possible to use the Tokyo 2020 Olympics as an opportunity to mediate and produce reconciliation and the relaxation of tension that people all over the world pay attention to, including an Olympic truce.
This has profound implications for thinking about PD today. When PD was discussed, we often tended to focus on its tools, such as language education, cultural and art projects, exchanges among people, intellectual dialogue, international broadcasts and international aid. Of course, each of these tools will continue to be important.
But this is PD in a narrow sense, whereas diplomacy itself has become PD in recent years. As exemplified by the South and North Korean summit and the US-North Korea summit, each of the processes for their realizations was precisely the competition for the appeal over existing provisions, setting issues and shaping standards and norms; that is, PD itself. PD is no longer what is dealt with only by a particular section that is in charge of it. Of course, an official in charge of PD in a conventional narrow sense will continue to be indispensable. But the perspective of looking at diplomacy and policies themselves as "mega PD" will become increasingly important.
I stayed at the Wilson Center in Washington, D.C. from winter to spring this year. As diplomacy itself becomes PD, PD specialists held fervent discussions about where the niche unique to PD in a narrow sense is specifically wanted and what diplomacy is in the first place. Foreign specialists evaluate Japanese PD highly for its good tools, on the whole, although there are both minor and major issues. On the other hand, I cannot deny that Japanese PD is somewhat lacking in impact in terms of regarding diplomacy itself as mega PD.
Japan is no longer a country where the prime minister changes almost every year. Japan's presence is certainly increasing as a member of the G7 and the G20.
I expect that Japan will conduct mega PD with an appeal to universality that has a sufficient impact for the international community to accept that it has the edge.
He received a doctorate from Harvard University in 1997. He specializes in American research and cultural policy theory. He is the author of numerous books, including Rethinking "Culture": On the Concept of Cultural Security (2015), American Legacy: The Spread of Soft Power and Its Implications (2015) and America Does Not Sink (2015) and Culture and Diplomacy: The Age of Public Diplomacy (2011).


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Purple Haze has a wide repertoire covering popular toe tapping pop & rock tunes, complimented by his outstanding musical skills on the guitar.


text:
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U.S. 30 East - Linn County
Home » Guides » Iowa » U.S. 30 East - Linn County
East South
Advancing east through rural Clinton township from the Iowa County line, U.S. 30/218 pass by the CedRel Motel, which features a vintage neon sign. Photo taken 04/12/13.
U.S. 30/218 crests over a ridge at Sisley Grove Road. The expressway lowers ahead of Morgan Creek. Photo taken 04/12/13.
Crossing Morgan Creek, U.S. 30 east and U.S. 218 south upgrade to the Lincoln Freeway. Seven interchanges serve the south side of Cedar Rapids over the course of ten miles. Photo taken 05/26/18.
16th Avenue SW branched east from U.S. 30/218 (Lincoln Freeway) at a wye interchange (Exit 246) in one half mile. Phase II construction for Iowa 100 redirects the ramps at Exit 246 to the new expressway leading north to CR W36 (former Iowa 94) at Covington. Photo taken 04/12/13.
Exit 246 previously connected the Lincoln Freeway east with 16th Avenue SW to 80th Street SW for the city of Fairfax. This connection (Exit 246A) links with Iowa 100 north to Covington. Photo taken 04/12/13.
Renumbered Exit 246B, the nearby half diamond interchange joining 80th Street SW with U.S. 30/218 east was expanded to include new ramps from eastbound and to westbound. Photo taken 05/26/18.
16th Avenue SW stems east from 80th Street SW along the former alignment of U.S. 30 (Lincoln Highway) across Cedar Rapids. Photo taken 05/26/18.
Exit 246B departs from within the two-wye interchange at the south end of Iowa 100 to 80th Street SW. Photo taken 05/26/18.
80th Street SW reaches the northern Fairfax city limits in 0.75 miles. The city center lies 2.9 miles away via U.S. 151. Photo taken 05/26/18.
The succeeding exit brings U.S. 151 northbound onto the Lincoln Freeway from Williams Boulevard and Fairfax. U.S. 151 Business extends Williams Boulevard northeast to the Westdale Mall retail park and Cleveland Area neighborhood. Photo taken 04/12/13.
Curving southeast toward the Stoney Point Road SW overpass, U.S. 30/218 (Lincoln Freeway) enters a portion of the Cedar Rapids city limits. Photo taken 04/12/13.
U.S. 151 travels southwest from Cedar Rapids and neighboring Fairfax to Walford and the Amana Colonies. U.S. 151 Business heads northeast to Downtown Cedar Rapids and Marion along a 12.7-mile course. Photo taken 04/12/13.
East North South
U.S. 151 north combines with U.S. 30 east for 10.3 miles to Iowa 13 south of Bertram. Photo taken 04/12/13.
The Lincoln Freeway reenters the Cedar Rapids city limits ahead of Exit 250 with Edgewood Road. Photo taken 04/12/13.
Edgewood Road is a commercial arterial north from U.S. 30-151-218 to Westdale Mall and 16th Avenue SW (former U.S. 30/218). Southward by the General Mills plant, Edgewood Road continues to Wright Brothers Boulevard near The Eastern Iowa Airport (CID). Photo taken 04/12/13.
A parclo interchange joins Edgewood Road with U.S. 30-151-218 (Lincoln Freeway) at Exit 250. Photo taken 04/12/13.
A viaduct leads U.S. 30-151-218 across a Union Pacific Railroad line, Prairie Creek and a Cedar Rapids & Iowa City Railway Company line. Photo taken 04/12/13.
Advancing east through industrial areas south of Prairie Creek, U.S. 30-151-218 continue 1.5 miles to a directional cloverleaf interchange (Exits 252A/B) with Interstate 380 & Iowa 27. Photo taken 04/12/13.
Crossing another set of railroad tracks, U.S. 30-151-218 next meet 6th Street SW at Waconia Avenue SW at Exit 252A. Photo taken 04/12/13.
Exit 252A leaves the Lincoln Freeway east for parallel Waconia Avenue SW ahead of 6th Street SW. Hawkeye Downs speedway lies just north of Prairie Creek along 6th Street SW (old U.S. 218). Photo taken 04/12/13.
A third eastbound lane opens from the Waconia Avenue on-ramp to Exit 252B for the departing U.S. 218 south. I-380, U.S. 218 & Iowa 27 overlap 16.4 miles south to I-80 at Coralville. Photo taken 04/12/13.
Exit 252B departs from U.S. 30 east & 151 north. Interstate 380 constitutes a 73-mile freeway linking Iowa City with Cedar Rapids and Waterloo. Photo taken 04/12/13.
East North
I-380/Iowa 27 (Avenue of the Saints) lead north four miles from Exit 252C to Downtown Cedar Rapids. Photo taken 05/23/08.
Exit 253 quickly follows from U.S. 30/151 east of I-380 for Kirkwood Boulevard south to the Lincolnway Village community and Bowling Street north to an array of industrial parks. Photo taken 03/25/16.
C Street SW meets the Lincoln Freeway next between Talt Cummins City Park and the Transamerican Financial Park. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Exit 254A leaves U.S. 30 east & 151 north for C Street SW south and County Road W6E (Ely Road) southeast to the city of Ely. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Exit 254B loops onto C Street SW north toward The Taylor neighborhood south of Downtown Cedar Rapids. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Spanning Cedar River Trail, U.S. 30/151 downgrade to an at-grade expressway ahead of East Road SW to the Worthington Acres subdivision. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Ivanhoe Road branches southeast from U.S. 30/151 (Lincoln Highway) beyond this mileage sign posted 11 miles from Mt. Vernon. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Heading east from Ivanhoe Road and the College Farms subdivision, the U.S. 30/151 expressway becomes more rural. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Honey Grove Road concludes a loop north from U.S. 30/151 opposite Jappa Road (CR W8E) south to Ely. CR W8E overtakes Ivanhoe Road east nearby en route to Dows Preserve and Observatory and iowa 6. Photo taken 03/25/16.
U.S. 151 parts ways with U.S. 30 east at Exit 259 in one mile. Photo taken 03/25/16.
U.S. 30 east & 151 north cross the Cedar River ahead of their split at Iowa 13 north. The narrow eastbound span dates to 1953, while the westbound bridge was built in 1975. Photos taken 03/25/16.
Entering the trumpet interchange (Exit 259) with Iowa 13 north on U.S. 30/151 east. U.S. 151 bypasses Cedar Rapid to the east, passing through Bertram en route to Springville, 13 miles to the northeast. U.S. 30 continues seven miles east to Mt. Vernon. Photo taken 03/25/16.
U.S. 151/Iowa 13 combine for 7.7 miles north to Marion. Iowa 13 extends north from there to Central City and Coggon. Photo taken 03/25/16.
U.S. 30 travels solo for the first time since combining with U.S. 218 south in Benton County 26 miles to the west. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Chicago (132 miles) surprisingly appears on the ensuing mileage sign. U.S. 30 combines with U.S. 61 at DeWitt in 52 miles. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Palisades Kepler State Park lies along the Cedar River southwest of U.S. 30 from Kepler Road. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Reassurance shield for U.S. 30 posted after Kepler Drive and milepost 262. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Passing by the American Gothic Barn along U.S. 30 east of Palisades Kepler State Park. Photo taken 03/25/16.
The four lane section of U.S. 30 previously ended just east of Cedar River Road. Opened to traffic on November 22, 2019, work on the Mount Vernon-Lisbon Bypass expanded the ensuing stretch east to Willow Creek Road, where the freeway arcs southeast to Iowa 1. Photos taken 03/25/16.
A stub along the westbound lanes was added in anticipation of the four lane project underway in Spring 2017. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Continuing east from Wilcox Road south on U.S. 30 (Lincoln Highway). Photo taken 03/25/16.
Eastbound at Willow Creek Road and the Mt. Vernon city line on U.S. 30. Paralleling U.S. 30 to the north is Palisades Road, the historic alignment of the Lincoln Highway. Photo taken 03/25/16.
The first of two roundabouts along Lincoln Highway through Mt. Vernon connects U.S. 30 with 10th Avenue South. Approved by Mount Vernon City Council on February 24, 2011, the two roundabouts were slated for construction in 2012 at a cost of $1.6 million.1 They were finished in October 2013. Photos taken 03/25/16.
Iowa 1 angles northeast from the future interchange with the Mt. Vernon-Lisbon Bypass to cross paths with U.S. 30 at the second eastbound roundabout. Photo taken 03/25/16.
1st Avenue South leads Iowa 1 northeast to Downtown Mt. Vernon. The state highway ventures nine miles south to Solon en route to Iowa City in Johnson County. Photos taken 03/25/16.
The roundabout at U.S. 30 (Lincoln Highway) and Iowa 1 (1st Avenue South) replaced a four-way stop sign intersection. Photos taken 03/25/16.
Leaving the commercialized junction with Iowa 1, U.S. 30 passes by a farm field ahead of a subdivision. Photo taken 03/25/16.
U.S. 30 runs along the north side of Kernoustie Golf Club from Country Club Drive to the Lisbon city line. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Leaving Mt. Vernon and entering Lisbon on U.S. 30 east ahead of Novak Road. Photo taken 03/25/16.
The lone traffic light along U.S. 30 through Mount Vernon and Lisbon is for Lisbon Community School. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Washington Street (CR X20 outside Lisbon), intersects U.S. 30 before this reassurance marker. The Lisbon city center lies a short distance north of U.S. 30 at Washington Street and Main Street (historic Lincoln Highway). Photo taken 03/25/16.
Advancing east from Lisbon, U.S. 30 travels seven miles to Mechanicsville and 64 miles to Clinton. Construction of the U.S. 30 freeway bypass included realigning Lincoln Highway southeast to a diamond interchange. Photo taken 03/25/16.
Main Street (historic Lincoln Highway) intersects U.S. 30 by the Cedar County line. Beyond the merge with the Mount Vernon-Lisbon Bypass nearby, U.S. 30 reverts to a two lane highway to Mechanicsville. Photo taken 03/25/16.
"Two new roundabouts coming on Highway 30 in Mount Vernon." The Gazette (Cedar Rapids, IA), February 25, 2011.
05/23/08 by AARoads.
03/25/16 by AARoads and Bill Gatchel.
05/26/18 by AARoads and Jeff Morrison.
U.S. 151
Page Updated 12-19-2019.
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text:
Bruno Lauzi (ur. 8 sierpnia 1937 w Asmarze, zm. 24 października 2006 w Peschiera Borromeo) – włoski piosenkarz, kompozytor, poeta, artysta kabaretowy i autor tekstów piosenek.

Urodzony w Afryce, lecz wychowany w Genui Bruno Lauzi razem z takimi piosenkarzami jak Gino Paoli, Umberto Bindi, Fabrizio De André i Luigi Tenco był reprezentantem tzw. genueńskiej szkoły śpiewających autorów, ugrupowania artystów, którzy postawili sobie za cel gruntowne odnowienie włoskiej muzyki popularnej na przełomie lat 50. i 60.

Życiorys
Bruno Lauzi już bardzo wcześnie zdradzał zainteresowania artystyczne – w latach 50. razem z przyjacielem ze szkolnej ławki, Luigim Tenco, podobnie jak on sam zainteresowanym jazzem i musicalem, założył swój pierwszy młodzieńczy zespół. Z tego też okresu pochodzą jego pierwsze utwory: Ti ruberò, Margherita, Viva la libertà, Ritornerai, Il poeta.

Pisze też utwory dla innych artystów. W latach 70. nawiązuje współpracę z Mogolem i Lucio Battistim, którzy oferują mu miejsce we własnej wytwórni fonograficznej Numero Uno i piszą dla niego szereg przebojów: Mary oh Mary, E penso a te, Amore caro, amore bello, L'aquila czy Un uomo che ti ama.

Bruno Lauzi miał opinię człowieka kontrowersyjnego. Podczas gdy wielu artystów popierało otwarcie lewicę, Bruno Lauzi nie krył swych sympatii prawicowych.

Czynny artystycznie do ostatnich dni życia.

Dyskografia

Albumy
 1965 Lauzi al cabaret
 1965 Ti ruberò
 1966 Kabaret n. 2
 1967 I miei giorni
 1968 Cara
 1970 Bruno Lauzi
 1971 Amore caro amore bello (album podwójny)
 1972 Il teatro di Bruno Lauzi
 1973 Simon
 1974 Lauzi oggi
 1975 L'amore sempre
 1975 Quella gente là
 1975 Genova per noi
 1976 Johnny Bassotto, la tartaruga...ed altre storie
 1977 Persone
 1978 Alla grande
 1981 Amici miei (kompilacja, 4 piosenki)
 1982 Palla al centro
 1985 Piccolo grande uomo
 1985 Back to jazz
 1987 Ora!
 1988 La musica del mondo
 1989 Inventario latino
 1992 Il dorso della balena
 1994 10 belle canzoni d'amore (kompilacja)
 1995 Una vita in musica (kompilacja)
 1996 Johnny Bassotto e i suoi amici
 2001 Omaggio alla città di Genova
 2003 Il manuale del piccolo esploratore
 2003 Nostaljazz
 2004 Tra cielo e mare:La Liguria dei poeti
 2006 Ciocco latino

Bibliografia

Ludzie urodzeni w Asmarze
Artyści związani z Genuą
Włoscy piosenkarze
Włoscy tekściarze
Urodzeni w 1937
Zmarli w 2006


text:
Scheer blasts Blanchet, Trudeau for divisive attacks on western Canada
The Honourable Andrew Scheer, Leader of Canada's Conservatives and of the Official Opposition, issued a statement on Bloc Quebecois Leader Yves-Francois Blanchet's comments yesterday following his meeting with Justin Trudeau:
"Mr. Blanchet's comments yesterday toward western Canada were both insulting and completely disingenuous.
"Insulting because he accused westerners of faking a unity crisis when the frustration and anxiety out west is all too real. Disingenuous because he refuses to acknowledge how much his province has benefitted from the west's economic success. His hypocrisy and double-standard are astounding.
"However, it is not surprising that the Leader of the Bloc Quebecois would display this attitude.
"The real problem is that Justin Trudeau has been sowing the seeds for divisive rhetoric like Mr. Blanchet's for years. Trudeau has demonized energy workers, put hundreds of thousands of them out of work, and travels the world with a message that he wants to phase out Canada's energy sector.
"While Mr. Trudeau and Mr. Blanchet keep dividing the country, Conservatives believe the energy sector has the power to unite Canadians. That's why we ran on creating a National Energy Corridor that would get the energy sector back to work and allow every part of the country to take part in its success.
"Only Conservatives can keep Canada united and strong."


Support us by donating to or purchasing from our charity shop at Leicester General Hospital. Our shop at Leicester General Hospital is open every Tuesday and Thursday 10am – 4pm and it is situated within staff car park 2 (opposite outpatients 3). It is the bright orange portakabin!! The shop sells a selection of pre-loved items including men's, ladies and children's clothes, toys, books and much much more.


While I don't have cherries available to me I would make cherry cordial and can it. It can be used many different ways. Especially good over homemade ice cream.
I'm so excited about this fabric win, it is a blessing and thank you for the opportunity for the win this beautiful line.
Every fruit is great in a cobbler or pie!
I like to make cherry dump dessert which is so good & easy to make.
Cherry cobbler for sure!!! My mouth is watering!!!!
It's not very original--but sour cherry pie or cobbler is my favorite use for cherries....the next best thing is to make a quick turnover for breakfast with phyllo dough and a quick 10X sugar icing.
I follow Olie & Evie via email.
Cheesecake with cherries on top is delicious! Thank you for the chance to win.
I love Olie & Evie's selection of precuts!
Hands down its cherry pie from scratch!
I just eat cherries fresh or on top of vanilla ice cream!
For sweet cherries - we love them canned best! For sour cherries - many, many pastry recipes, but we also make Cherry Soup. Yep, tastes best cold on a hot day. My mom always served this with slices of fried potatoes on the side. It is delicious!
Olie and Evie's fabric collection, Juniper Berry, is lovely. A terrific holiday choice. I visited their shop online.
I enjoyed visiting Olie and Evie's shop and how you can peruse the different sections on their website. One of their sections showing Low Volume Fabric is great, as more and more I'm interested in trying different low volume prints for background fabric instead of just solids.
Cherry Fluff sounds interesting. We washed and bagged all the cherries from last night but from our side of the yard there are still tons. Aargh! I like to dry them and use them like crasins. Nobody has noted the difference.
i just eat them. don't have any recipes. good luck finding good ones.
Individual cherry folded pies, by Patti Brown on Facebook. They are easy and great. Thanks for the giveaway chance, never tried these pens due to cost.
I posted but now I don't see it.
Cherry cobbler!!Nothing beats fresh produce..
I love Cherry Brown Betty...like apple brown betty with cherries!
the Collections Community jelly roll is calling my name, but I don't get paid for another week!
Cherry cheesecake...now I want a slice! Sweet giveaway!
cherry pie! Although I usually just eat them fresh.
I visited the very lovely shop. That Junioer line has several gorgeous pieces!
My favorite cherry process is to dry, then freeze them. They can be eaten like raisins or put in cookies. YUM! I've also pureed them then turned them into fruit leather, and it turned out really well.
Cherry pie has always been a favorite at our house.
The Kate Spain designer select Bella Solids are of interest to me.
I love cherry pie - homemade pie is the best.
I favorited Olie and Evie.
Cherry Carnival Cake is the absolute best. My mom made every year for my birthday (my request). When I got married, my husband made it for me for my birthday. I will send you the recipe if you like.
I don't make anything with cherries as my husband won't eat them. If I made something I'd have to eat it all, which would be dangerous! I do like Black Forest Cake, but I only get it if someone else makes it. And I like to eat bing cherries straight up.
I love Cherry Delight. Thank you for the giveaway. I would love to try these pens.
I like the Flow Fat Eighth Bundle by Zen Chic for Moda in the OlieandEvie shop.
I like their Playground fabric by Amy Sinibaldi. Thank you for the giveaway.
I love cherry pie, but seldom make it. So I guess my favorite, that I am going to make Thursday, is fruit pizza. It has a sugar cookie like crust, then cream cheese, then assorted fruits, then a glaze. It is wonderful with fruits of this season, cherries, strawberries, and blueberries.
My favorite dish to use cherries in is cherry pie. A family favorite.
A few years ago, I found out I'm allergic to eggs and peanuts and beans. It changed so much about what I cook and bake. I like pie and cobblers, since they are less likely to have eggs than cake. However, I did find a wonderful cookbook called The Food Allergy Mama's Baking Book. Every recipe is so yummy and works every time, using easy ingredients and substitutes. (Just remember to use high-altitude adjustments for the cakes, if you live in Utah like I do.) one of my favorites is her Farmer's Market Cherry Cake. Oh heavenly. Not too sweet, snack able, pretty, no frosting needed!
Lucky you with tree ripened cherries! Cherry pie and jam come to mind. We don't get home grown cherries here, so I usually just eat them fresh.
Olive and Evy is a great shop with lots of cute stuff, and they're so kind and easy to work with, if you want something specific.
I follow them on FB, Bloglovin and email.
Yogurt parfait made with yogurt, cherries and granola.
I don't think I have ever made anything with cherries.
Cherry frangipani tart. I use a variation of the one on the BBC food website. Thanks for the opportunity to win.
Cherry Tarts....never made them but it sure would be fun to try!! Thank you for the opportunity....fingers crossed!
You want AN idea? Cherries are so abundant here! Bing and Rainier are the most popular! I LOVE everything with cherries. I made cherry jam and cherry-jalapeno jam, cherry pies, cherries jubilee, cherry salsa....and just plain cherries by themselves is delicious....shall I go on?
I just love them raw and fresh!
I love frozen cherries! Just wash them and pop them in the freezer for several hours.
I love making cherry pie.
I follow them on Facebook and on their blog.
I make cherry cheese ring.
Cherry pie, a favourite at our house. Thank you for the great giveaway.
I liked Olie and Evie on FB.
Michigan Cherry Salad and Brownies with cherries in them.
I have liked their shop on Etsy! tks!
I visited the shop and I like Sew 'N Sew - Measuring Tape Grey by Chloe's Closet for Moda.
I like old fashioned cherry pie, especially when Inhave fresh cherries.
If you've got sweet cherries, I really prefer to just eat them out of hand. If you've got tart cherries then we're talking cream cheese coffeecake maybe. I also recently made Almond and Rhubarb Picnic Bars from Smitten Kitchen and I'll be using tart cherries in place of the rhubarb next time.
If I had an abundance of cherries, I would make cherry jam but a cherry cobbler with ice cream would be great also!
I follow Olie and Evie on Instagram....they have great prices!
I like my cherries served on top of cheesecake!
Cherries jubilee! Yum... love their shop, I have my cart full!
Cherries in a Cloud is yummy but I would probably do a cherry pie or cobbler. I really just like to eat them fresh unless they are the sour variety.
What about scones or a smoothie?
Black forest cake. So good!
I like cherry pie the most!
Showed Olie and Evie my love by following them on facebook: Nicole Sender.
I would make a pie. Cherry pie and vanilla ice cream. So patriotic for the 4th. Yum. Or a crumble.
I looked at Olie and evies shop. I need a backing for a little Ruby quilt.
What a great chance... Please, count me in too!
Cherry cobbler is the best.
I follow OlieandEvie on Instagram.
Black Forest Muffins are yum.
Like Olie and Evie on FB.
Cherry cobbler. While it is still warm top it with a scoop of vanilla ice cream.
Love warm cherry cobbler as well topped with vanilla ice cream!
We usually just eat cherries raw, so I don't have a favorite recipe for how to use them, but we do like them in chicken salad. Thank you for offering this giveaway!
Love a good cherry cobbler. Brings back memories of my momma.
I love cherry jam! Wish I had some!
I love eating cherries fresh, but a cherry pie is really good too. I usually can my cherry pie filling, so I am ready to go all winter long.
We had cherry trees that died off in 2008. I have missed them, so last year we planted two of them and we may have enough cherries this year for a couple of tarts! I loved the cherry jam I used to make from the earlier trees....I didn't like pitting them but it was worth it!
Proscuitto wrapped cherry stuffed Chicken. Recipe is on AllRecipe.
Ollie and Eve through their Facebook page is a great way to keep up with ALL of their high quality items.
I'm in!! Cherries ice cream!! Perfect for summer time!
Done! I follow their Facebook page and their blog too!
Cream cheese pie with cherries on top. A childhood favorite.
I visited Ollie and Evie. They have a great selection of pre cuts. Love the way they display their fabrics.
Cherry pie is my favorite with vanilla ice cream!
I like to make cherry turnovers, making a simple syrup with the cherries and puff pastry.
I have them liked on facebook, but they haven't posted anything there in a while. I really like the Juniper Berry script fabric that she has in her Etsy store.
Go to an outdoor type shop, like Bass Pro, where they sell the cast iron pie makers that you can use to put in a fire pit or fireplace or campfire.
We love cherry juice! Cherry pie of course and cherry cheesecake.
Shop fave: The Frixion pens at Olie and Evie of course! I've used only the black one which I found at a drug store chain. Love it, yes it iron's right away and doesn't come back. THank you both for the giveaway opportunity.
I love to eat cherries fresh off the tree or from the market. We just ate some Rainier Cherries, my favorite cherries. I don't eat sweets anymore, except for fresh fruit.
How about I've never made anything with cherries in it other than an ice cream sunday. Pretty sad, huh?
I have never made anything with cherries. Sorry, I'm no help at all!
I love Olie and Evies vintage striped towels!
I got 18 lbs of cherries from the bountiful basket a couple weeks ago. The first thing I did with them was make them into a glaze for some pork chops, yum! My favorite thing to do with them, though, is cook them (pitted of course) with some sugar and make a compote for french toast. So good! Most of mine this year I either froze (for future smoothies) or dehydrated.
LOVE CHERRY PIE! THANKS FOR SHARING!
HAPPY TO FOLLOW "Olie and Evie" VIA FB!
Either sweet or sour cherries are delicious in a pie or cobbler, and I like to make a fruit sauce instead of jam (mix 1 cup cut up fruit, 1 - 3 tablespoons sugar, 2 teaspoons cornstarch mixed into 1 - 2 tablespoons water, pinch of salt. Cook, stirring often, until mixture boils and sauce becomes clear. Great on toast, pancakes, ice cream, cottage cheese, etc. Use whatever fruit you like, fresh or frozen.
I like to eat cherries in their raw state - though not too many or you'll end up with a belly ache!!
Love Cherry Crisp made with oatmeal.
I like to make cherry pie and put vanilla ice cream on top while it is still warm.
LOL I am supposed to make things with cherries?! They get eaten as fast as they appear in the house here!
Cherry turnovers are my favorite!!
I like raw cherries, not cooked.
Cherry pie, although I love to just eat them.
KI'm getting into a Halloween state of mind and the Something Wicked line of fabric is adorable.
Cherry pie is my favourite!
Warm cherry cobbler with a scoop of vanilla ice cream...YUM!
I love just eating cherries! If I had so many that in was impossible to eat them all, I'd make cherry ice cream...yummmmmm!
O&E have a great selection of precuts....hard to choose just one!!!!
Cherry pie, cherry cheesecake, cherry cake, cherries and chocolate ice cream..ok my mouth is watering now.
I love to eat cherries all by themselves. We had a cherry tree growing up. I just had a bunch of Rainier cherries. Hmm Hmm good. But I also love cherry cobblers and pies and cheesecake with cherry sauce on top. You could make up some new recipe and share it.
I love homemade cheesecake with cherries on it; they can't be the pie-filling kind.
I only like to eat cherries raw but I guess you can always add them to a salad with some pine nuts and feta cheese. Thanks for the chance.
I love fresh cherries and look forward to this season each yet. My favorite thing to make with them is Cherry Clafoutis. Delicious.
I LOVE eating fresh cherries by themselves, if I cook, it would have to be cherry pie!


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Throughout the world, there are as many medicinal herbal traditions as there different cultures. Chinese herbs are unique in that there are more than 2500 years of documented clinical uses of these herbs for a myriad of illnesses. The ancient Chinese were meticulous in their investigating and documenting of the effects of herbs and what herbs work best together. Today, we are left with a rich herbal tradition and elegant herbal formulas designed to enhance each herb's medicinal function. At Skamania Acupuncture Clinic, we use and recommend a variety of herbal products, including custom formulas made of granulated herbal powders, tinctures (herbal concentrates in alcohol), pills, and externally applied herbal washes. From research, we know that acupuncture works to decrease inflammation, relieve pain, and promote circulation. The Chinese herbs that you are prescribed continue these functions, internally decreasing inflammation (systemically and at the location of an injury or illness), relieving pain with natural analgesic properties, regulating hormonal activity, regulating the immune system, and promoting the natural healing processes of the body.
Chinese herbs are effective in the treatment of a wide range of ailments, conditions, and diseases. Acute conditions, like the flu or a common cold, can be shortened by the right herbs, while chronic diseases such as allergies, autoimmune conditions, endocrine conditions, respiratory conditions, cardiovascular conditions, digestive ailments, age-related/ degenerative diseases, and reproductive conditions can be treated with Chinese herbs. Herbs can also be helpful in pain conditions and in healing chronic injuries. Topical herbal products can be effective for treating different skin conditions and underlying muscle and bone injuries. Because of the wide range of pharmacological effects of herbs, they are effective in treating many diseases and promoting the body's natural abilities to heal itself.
It is important to take Chinese herbs as prescribed by a qualified herbalist or acupuncturist. Most Chinese herbs are very safe, but they must be used properly to maximize their benefits and to be safe for patients to take. In East Asian Medicine, herbs are prescribed "holistically," meaning that all factors such as disease/ condition, symptoms, and previous health history are all taken into account when deciding which herbs are appropriate. Further, herbs are combined together into complex formulas- this helps to prevent adverse reactions and side effects, as different active ingredients in the herbs counter-balance each other. At Skamania Acupuncture Clinic, Chinese herbs are prescribed in granular formulas. Traditionally, herbs were cooked together to make a tea. In modern times, to expedite the process, large, industrial batches of herbs are cooked together, then freeze dried into concentrated powders ("granulars"). Using traditional examination and diagnosis, a granular formula is constructed based on each individual patient's needs- CUSTOM HERBAL FORMULAS!
Many Chinese herbs are food or different parts of familiar culinary substances. Several herbs, spices, and plant parts that we eat on a daily basis area used in concentrated forms as medicinal Chinese herbs. In East Asian Medicine, modifying a patient's diet is an important step in overcoming illness and maintaining health.
Apricot kernels and asparagus roots are used in the treatment of different kinds of coughs.
Cinnamon, green onions, and mint are used for some upper respiratory tract infections and "warming" the body.
Cloves, ginger, licorice, and rice help promote smooth digestion.
Garlic has been used to treat different parasitic infections. Modern research has shown that garlic has potent antimicrobial properties.
Gou Qi Zi (or Goji) berries and Peach kernels are used in the treatment of some menstrual conditions.
Honey and Rhubarb roots are used to help constipation and different bowel disorders.
Immature raspberries and watermelon rinds are used for treating different urinary symptoms.
Tangerine peels are used to move "qi" in the body.
Turmeric has been used for pain, and modern research has shown that the spice is a potent anti-inflammatory.
Walnuts have been used to promote reproductive health.
It depends. Chinese herbs from reputable sources are safe. Herbs should only be prescribed by qualified herbalists or acupuncturists. Just because an herb has been linked to a specific health benefit does not mean that anybody can take that herb. At Skamania Acupuncture Clinic, we only prescribe herbs from reputable companies that obtain their herbs from Asian sources that meet organic standards and are free of harmful pesticides and heavy metals. The herbs that you can buy in a store does not necessarily come from a reputable source, and there is no guarantee that the product you are buying contains a therapeutic level of the herbal substance. To take Chinese herbs safely, it is important to obtain your herbs from a qualified herbalist using the best quality ingredients.
The length of use of herbs depends on your health complaint and health goals. If you are trying to get pregnant, herbs might be used for several months until conception. If you have a cold, you might take them for five days. If you have a chronic, degenerative illness, herbs might be necessary for a long term. The length of treatment with herbs, just like acupuncture, is dependent on your health history and what we are trying to accomplish with treatment. While you may take herbs for a long time, many beneficial effects of the herbal formulas are noticeable in a few days after starting to take them.
Children respond very well with many modalities in Chinese Medicine- including Chinese Herbs. At Skamania Acupuncture Clinic, we use a line of herbal tinctures developed specifically for pediatric health concerns that are safe for children and adolescents. Common pediatric ailments treated with herbs include allergies, ear infections, common colds, bedwetting, eczema, weak immune systems, poor focus/ ADD/ADHD, teething, poor sleep/ bad dreams, and upset tummies.