Is greek Jeremiah 50(27): 17-20 poetry or prose?
Jer. 27:17 ¶ Πρόβατον πλανώμενον Ισραηλ, λέοντες ἐξῶσαν αὐτόν· ὁ πρῶτος ἔφαγεν αὐτὸν βασιλεὺς Ασσουρ καὶ οὗτος ὕστερον τὰ ὀστᾶ αὐτοῦ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος. 18 διὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει κύριος Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐκδικῶ ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα Βαβυλῶνος καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν αὐτοῦ, καθὼς ἐξεδίκησα ἐπὶ τὸν βασιλέα Ασσουρ. 19 καὶ ἀποκαταστήσω τὸν Ισραηλ εἰς τὴν νομὴν αὐτοῦ, καὶ νεμήσεται ἐν τῷ Καρμήλῳ καὶ ἐν ὄρει Εφραιμ καὶ ἐν τῷ Γαλααδ, καὶ πλησθήσεται ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ. 20 ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις καὶ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ ζητήσουσιν τὴν ἀδικίαν Ισραηλ, καὶ οὐχ ὑπάρξει, καὶ τὰς ἁμαρτίας Ιουδα, καὶ οὐ μὴ εὑρεθῶσιν, ὅτι ἵλεως ἔσομαι τοῖς ὑπολελειμμένοις ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, λέγει κύριος.
I'm currently reading the Oracles against Egypt and Babylon in the Greek translation of Jeremiah (Jer). My secondary resources include G. Walzer's Commentary on Jeremiah in Codex Vaticanus Brill 2012 and J.A. Thompson Jeremiah NICOT, 1980. J.A. Thompson considers Jeremiah 50: 17-20 MT poetry. I went looking for a simple answer to the question: does the Greek translation of Jeremiah render this passage as poetry? It turns out that identifying poetry in the Greek translations of the Hebrew Bible is not simple. To clarify, this is not a question about classical Greek poetry. It's a question about an attempt by the translator to transfer the salient features of Hebrew poetry into the Greek Version. In other words, can we detect a shift from poetry to non-poetry at Jer. 27:17.
A. Desnitsky's paper is not lite reading.
A relevant Feb 2005 exchange between Trevor Peterson and Albert Pietersma.
 if you're using a Macintosh the format may give you grief. It appears to be an MS Word file with complicated formatting including tables with embedded Hebrew and Greek fonts. I attempted to convert it into OpenOffice which wasn't successful. I opened it with MacOS TextEdit and saved it as a PDF. Not perfect but readable.
Re: Jeremiah 50(27): 17-20 poetry or prose?
That is a good question, Stirling.
On the other hand, someone bi-lingual and accustomed to reading Hebrew poetry can feel similar rhythms to the underlying Hebrew.
This 3+2 in Hebrew becomes 3+3 in Greek words, or 4+4 in feet.
The αὐτόν in Greek fills in an object for ἐξῶσαι/ἐξωθεῖν, not completely necessary since the first line can be the object, and produces a tight balance.
... someone bi-lingual and accustomed to reading Hebrew poetry can feel similar rhythms to the underlying Hebrew.
I'm still pouring over the analysis in the 100+ page paper. The research model and the statistics are difficult for me to evaluate, I don't understand what is being compared to what. Computational Analysis of stress patterns in ancient Greek texts would require enriched data. Rhythmic patterns are difficult to analyze without hearing the language. Assuming it is somehow possible to perform such a computational analysis, there are probably other assumptions that need to be clarified.
A. Desnitsky carefully nuances his conclusions. The question: "Is this LXX text a sample prose or poetry?" doesn't lend itself to a yes or no answer. Features of Hebrew poetry are detectable in the Greek translation of texts which are otherwise genre ambiguous. Surprisingly, A. Desnitsky identifies text samples where the Greek translation avoids rhythmic patterns.
Hebrew poetry employs numerous varieties parallelism. Computational analysis of parallelism would appear to be even more difficult than stress patterns. However, Parallelism can be analyzed without hearing the language.
... It turns out that identifying poetry in the Greek translations of the Hebrew Bible is not simple. To clarify, this is not a question about classical Greek poetry. It's a question about an attempt by the translator to transfer the salient features of Hebrew poetry into the Greek Version. In other words, can we detect a shift from poetry to non-poetry at Jer. 27:17.
Levine Gera, Deborah. "Translating Hebrew Poetry in Greek Poetry: The Case of Exodus 15." BIOSCS 40 (2007): 107–121.
van der Vorm-Croughs, Mirjam. "LXX Isaiah and the Use of Rhetorical Figures." The Old Greek of Isaiah: Issues and Perspectives. Edited by Arie Van der Kooij and Michaël N. van der Meer. CBET 55, 2010.
Mørk, Hans-Olav. "Hearing the Voice of the Other: Engaging Poets and Writers as Bible Translators, with a Case Study on Isaiah 7.14." The Bible Translator 63, no. 3 (2012): 152–168.
Jan de Waard, " 'Homophony' in the Septuagint," Bib 62 (1981): 551-561.
Aejmelaeus, Anneli. "Characterizing Criteria for the Characterization of the Septuagint Translators: Experimenting on the Greek Psalter." Pages 54–73 in The Old Greek Psalter: Studies in Honour of Albert Pietersma. Edited by Robert J.V.; Cox Hiebert. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament. Supplement Series 332. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2001.
Septuagint Studies and Translation Studies, Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology 47 (Leuven: Peeters, 2007), 383.
Joosten, Jan. "Elaborate Similes--Hebrew and Greek : A Study in Septuagint Translation Technique." Biblica 77, no. 2 (1996): 227–236.
Aitken, James K. "Rhetoric and Poetry in Greek Ecclesiastes." BIOSCS 38 (2005): 55–79.
Just a heads-up: Parallelism does not form or define Hebrew poetry but it is a feature within Hebrew poetry. This is most noticeable in so-called 'synthetic parallelism'. "Synthetic parallelism" was a term for lines or half-stichs that were NOT parallel yet were obviously being constrained into short line lengths. Unfortunately, while Hebrew poetry is constrained by line lengths, or perhaps better, uses line lengths, it is also a free-flexible rhythm. The rhythmic balance, deviance, and/or inversion, is all part of the reading/poetic experience.
In his Introduction, R. Holmstedt leaves one with the impression that none of the features commonly associated with Hebrew poetry serve to identify Hebrew poetry. Holmstedt lists several features evident in Psalm 1:1 and then denies that they identify the text as poetry.
thing twice" and therefore they interpreted the meaning of an unclear hemiverse as a repetition of the parallel line (Gen 49:5; Num 23:9; Num 23:21; Num 24:7). The phonetic image of a word was also taken into account: see, for instance, ζηλωτός in Gen 49:22 or, in particular, νιφετός in Deut 32:2 where the phonetic similarity seemed to be the best argument for explaining this particular word. Sometimes translators obviously wanted their text to contain more parallelism than the Hebrew original, as was the case in Ex15:16 where the expression ὁ λαός σου is translated twice. Sometimes, such changes may have taken place already in the LXX Vorlage.
I am underwhelmed when it comes to Holmstedt's judgement on things syntactical in Hebrew.
He gets a lot of basic stuff wrong/backwards, e.g., he thinks default word order is SVX, primarily aspectual, no ve-qatal modal/future/imperfective structure. That's just not how Hebrew works.
Holmstedt defines "Parallelism" as a syntactic binary opposition between Apposition // Non-Apposition. He appears to be focusing on this as a central syntactic feature of Hebrew poetry. But you will notice in his description, this feature is impossible to identify without getting deeply embroiled in the semantic structure of the text.
move on by adding new information to the current image or transitioning to a subsequent image.
elaborate, he or she moves to the next image by non-appositional syntactic means.
Tearing this out well into the argument doesn't do justice to the author which is why a link is provided below.
Finished Holmstedt's article. Seems to me he is employing "apposition" as a metaphor rather than a syntax category. What more traditional analysis referred to as parallel elements in poetry, Holmstedt now analyzes as a pattern somehow deemed to be similar (??) to a noun (nominal) constituent followed by one or two appositional modifiers. In my thinking this is a metaphor, since many of the parallel clauses under consideration will include verbs in parallel with other verbs.
I think I have sufficiently grasped what he's trying to do and will test it out in Jeremiah 50(27) LXX. I'm inclined to agree with J.A. Thompson that Jeremiah 50(27):17-20 is poetry. I think we can demonstrate that focusing on the syntax and the semantics.
καὶ οὗτος ὕστερον τὰ ὀστᾶ αὐτοῦ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος.
λέοντες ἐξῶσαν αὐτόν is an "appositional" expansion or explanation of the first line.
In the second parallel ὁ πρῶτος ... οὗτος ὕστερον make it pretty obvious what's going on here. The Greek version drops the verb found in the second line of MT. This is called "gapping" which is a feature of parallelism. βασιλεὺς Ασσουρ and βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος are kind of like bookends. Would have been nice to reverse the word order in the first clause starting with βασιλεὺς Ασσουρ but our translator didn't find that in his vorlage. It would also raise difficulties with πρῶτος ... ὕστερον.
I agree with Holmstedt syntax and semantics matter when it comes to analyzing poetry. Not sure how useful the apposition metaphor will be. Someone else can comment on that. It is quite possible that I have missed the boat so to speak in regard to apposition.
Reading these while continuing to study Jeremiah 50-51 (27-28 LXX), I observe the poetic features wax and wane in Jeremiah. In the oracles against the nations, the content of the oracle itself tends to fall into bicola or tricola. Whereas the narrative surrounding and introducing an oracle may or may not.
some point on a poetry-prose continuum.
This is a very apt description of what I have observed in Jeremiah.
Lowth believed that ancient Hebrew verse instantiated metrical structures, but he deemed them irrecoverable given our ignorance of the pronunciation and stress rules of pre-Masoretic Hebrew.
The Greek Version of Jeremiah is translated in something approaching interlinear style. For this reason, several of the formal features of Hebrew poetry automatically get transferred to the translation. Obviously sound patterns are going to be a different issue.


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Naked Truth About Jane Kaczmarek – What is she doing now?
1 Who is Jane Kaczmarek?
7 Love life and marriage
Who is Jane Kaczmarek?
American actress Jane Frances Kaczmarek was born of Polish descent in Milwaukee, Wisconsin USA, on 21 December 1955, meaning that her zodiac sign's Sagittarius. She's appeared in close to 100 movies and TV series, but is probably still known best for playing David's Mom in the 1998 fantasy comedy movie "Pleasantville", written and directed by Gary Ross, and which starred Tobey Maguire, Jeff Daniels and Joan Allen. The film follows two siblings living in the '90s who've been mysteriously teleported into a '50s sitcom, and it won 18 of its 66 award nominations, including three Oscar nominations for Best Music, Original Dramatic Score, Best Costume Design and Best Art Direction-Set Decoration.
Jane's still active in the movie industry, and is currently shooting for the upcoming film "Untitled Tommy Johnagin Project".
Jane and her siblings Mary, Jim and Bill were raised in Milwaukee by their father Edward Kaczmarek who worked for the US Department of Defense, and mother Evelyn (nee Gregorska) who was a teacher.
Jane grew up being urged by her parents to focus on her education, and although she fell in love with acting during her early teenage years, she chose not to pursue it until she obtained a college degree. She studied at a local high school in Greendale, Wisconsin, and upon matriculating in 1974, enrolled at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, from which she graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1978; she continued her education at Yale University, graduating with a Master of Fine Arts degree in 1980.
Jane's debut film role was playing Margie Spoleto in the 1982 romantic comedy "For Lovers Only", and she could then have been seen appearing in the drama "Right of Way" and the action thriller "Uncommon Valor" both in 1983, and the 1984 drama "Something About Amelia".
What marked the '80s for her was probably playing Gail Cornell in the 1988 mystery thriller "D. O. A.", directed by Annabel Jankel and Rocky Morton, and which starred Dennis Quaid, Meg Ryan and Charlotte Rampling. It follows the life of a college professor, whose best student has committed suicide, while his wife's told him that she wants a divorce.
Jane had only a couple of film roles in the '90s, including in the 1994 science fiction "Without Warning", the 1996 biographical historical drama "Apollo 11" and the 1997 short comedy "The Spittin' Image".
Carol's reunion with a long-lost friend (played by special guest star Jane Kaczmarek) reminds her that she's got a lot…
Posted by CBS on Tuesday, November 26, 2019
The 2000s saw her appear in only a single movie: she played the lead character Valerie Estess in the drama "Jenifer", directed by Jace Alexander, and which also starred Laura San Giacomo and Annabella Sciorra. It tells the story of three sisters, one of whom has just been diagnosed with Lou Gehrig's Disease.
Jane's also known for starring as Ms. Liz in the 2013 drama "Lost on Purpose", written and directed by Eshom Nelms and Ian Nelms, and which also starred C. Thomas Howell and James Lafferty. It follows the life of dairy farm owner Elizabeth James Liz, and the film won one of its two award nominations.
Jane's three most recent film roles have been in the 2018 drama "6 Balloons", the 2020 comedy "Killing Eleanor", and the 2021 short comedy "2 Timers".
Jane's debut TV series role was playing Sandy Burns in three episodes of the 1983 comedy "St. Elsewhere", and the remainder of the decade saw her appear in an episode of various series, such as the action adventure comedy "Remington Steele", the romantic adventure comedy "Scarecrow and Mrs King" and the crime mystery comedy "Crazy Like a Fox".
In 1995 and 1996, she portrayed Holly in the popular comedy "Cybill", created by Chuck Lorre, and which starred Cybill Shepherd, Christine Baranski and Alicia Witt. It follows a middle-aged actress who's trying to become famous; the series won 11 of its 36 award nominations.
Jane began attracting attention in 2000, when cast to star as Lois Wilkerson in "Malcolm in the Middle", the critically acclaimed family comedy which Michael Glouberman and Linwood Boomer created, and which also starred Justin Berfield, Bryan Cranston and Frankie Muniz. It follows the lives of a gifted teenager and his dysfunctional family, the series aired from 2000 to 2006 and won 53 of its 172 award nominations. The remainder of the 2000s saw Jane appear in the romantic comedy "Help Me Help You", the comedy "Head Case" and the drama "Raising the Bar".
@Jessica_StClair Remember Jessica !💋 pic.twitter.com/PH0lV56pXd
— Jane Kaczmarek (@JaneKacz) June 21, 2015
From 2012 through 2015, she voiced Red Jessica in the animated family adventure "Captain Jack and the Never Land Pirates", created by Bobs Gannaway, and which starred David Arquette, Corey Burton and Jeff Bennett. It follows a group of pirates as they're competing against Captain Hook and Mr. Smee, and the series won three of its 12 award nominations.
Jane's three most recent TV series roles have been in the 2020 episode "True Colors" of the family comedy "Mixed-ish", the 2021 episode "Phoning It In" of the comedy "Viral Vignettes" and the 2022 episode "One Angry Lisa" of the comedy "The Simpsons" (voice role).
Jane sang the song "I Love Rock 'n' Roll" in three episodes of the series "Malcolm in the Middle".
She received special thanks for the 2021 short comedy "2 Timers".
Jane's recently made a guest appearance in talk-shows "The Real", "Stars in the House" and "History of the Sitcom".
Jane's won seven of her 32 award nominations. Some of her wins include a 2001 American Comedy Award for Funniest Female Performer in a TV Series (Leading Role), a Family Television Award for Actress and Online Film & Television Association Award for Best Actress in a Comedy Series, all in 2001 for "Malcolm in the Middle".
Jane was nominated for seven Primetime Emmys for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series from 2000 through 2006, as well as for three Golden Globes for Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series – Comedy or Musical in 2001, 2002 and 2003, again all for "Malcolm in the Middle".
Love life and marriage
On 15 August 1992, Jane exchanged vows with American actor and movie producer Bradley Whitford; he's had roles in nearly 150 movies and TV series, and is perhaps known best for playing Dean Armitage in the 2017 mystery horror thriller movie "Get Out". Jane gave birth to their daughter Frances Whitford in January 1997, and their son George Whitford followed on 23 December 1999; she gave birth to their second daughter Mary Louisa Whitford on 25 November 2002. No reasons was given, but Jane and Bradley's divorce was finalized in October 2010, following a one-year separation.
A post shared by Jane kaczmarek (@jane.kaczmarek.oficial)
She hasn't spoken of anyone she's perhaps dated since then, and Jane seems to be unattached as of January 2023, was married to Bradley Whitford, and has three children with him.
Prior to becoming an actress, Jane dreamed of teaching at the University of Wisconsin.
In 2002, she and her now former husband Bradley founded the charity organization Clothes off our Back; it auctioned celebrities' clothes on the internet, with all proceeds donated to The Children's Defense Fund and Cure Autism Now.
Her favorite food is Polish sausage, but she hates cooking.
Close to 20,000 people are following Jane on Instagram today, but she's uploaded only nine pictures onto the social media network.
She enjoys spending her spare time with her children.
Jane's favorite actors are Anthony Hopkins and Joaquin Phoenix, and some of her favorite movies are "The Father", "Elyse" and "Hitchcock".
Jane's age is 67. Her eyes and hair are brown, she's 5ft 6ins (1.69m) tall and weighs about 135lbs (62kgs).
Jane's net worth's been estimated at over $9 million, as of early 2023.
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Zach Galifianakis Is Orphan Annie For SNL – VIDEO
CelebritiesGossip
By Nikki Leigh	 Last updated Mar 24, 2012
This was the show stopper last night on SNL. After concluding his opening monologue, Zach Galifianakis did his Orphan Annie song and it was epic.
I was crying tears of laughter for this one.
Nikki created Hollywood Hiccups in September 2010 and she is a native Canadian. Originally from Cape Breton, Nova Scotia she now lives in Colorado. Nikki is a former University Professor and part-time writer. In September 2010 she decided to write full-time and bring Soap Opera news to her fellow Canadians and Americans. You can contact Nikki at hollywoodhiccups [at] gmail.com
The Young And The Restless Spoilers: 5 Reasons Amanda Sinclair Is Toxic
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There's a mixed message in these surveys. While they express a certain optimism regarding continuity of our precious selfhood, they also imply that our present state of existence is doomed to obsolescence. We may live on as a basking or roasting soul, a spooky apparition, or the neighbor's cat; but at a certain point, common wisdom has it, life as we know it will come to an end.
Jewish tradition has a more encouraging scenario. While the Jewish concept of the hereafter includes heaven and hell (though a very different heaven and hell than the cloud-borne country clubs and the subterranean fire pits depicted in New Yorker cartoons), reincarnation and even dybbuks, its central feature is techiat hameitim, the vivification of the dead. Techiat hameitim states that in the messianic age our souls will be restored to our resurrected bodies. In other words, life as our own soul inhabiting our own body -- -- basically the life we know today -- will resume.
But the sages of the Talmud go even further than that, stating that there is a level on which life extends beyond death without interruption. "Moses did not die," they categorically state; "Our father Jacob did not die," despite the fact that "the eulogizers eulogized, the embalmers embalmed, and the gravediggers buried." Lest one interpret these statements allegorically, Rashi (Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki, 1040-1105, the greatest of the biblical and talmudic commentators) explains, "He seemed to them as if dead, but in truth he was alive."
Chassidic master Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi explains that life as we know it can indeed survive death; the question is only what sort of life is it that we know before death.
When do you feel most alive? What is life to you -- a good cup of coffee, the smell of baking bread, a stroll in the park on a sun-kissed day? Or is it the experience of seeing a project you've labored over for months finally come to fruition, or when struggling to explain something to your child the light of comprehension suddenly comes on in his eyes?
Life's pleasures are many and varied, but they can be divided into two general categories: the satisfaction of a personal need or desire, or the achievement of a certain impact on the lives of others. The first category offers many gratifying moments; but nothing can equal the fulfillment that comes when you make a difference in others' lives, when the world becomes different -- better, smarter, holier -- because of something you've done.
The first category ceases with the interruption of physical life. Once you're dead and buried, there are no more strolls in the park. But your impact on the world continues. If you taught something to someone, that person is now teaching it to someone else. If you acted kindly to someone, that person still feels good about it, is a better person for it, and is acting more kindly to others. If you made the world a better place, that improvement is now being built upon to make the world an even better place.
So does "life as we know it" extend beyond death? That depends on what you know life as. If life, to you, is getting the most you can of its resources for yourself, you have a limited time in which to get as much as you can, and then the fat lady sings and the curtain falls. If life, to you, is making a difference in the lives of others, you're going to live forever.
The events recounted in the Torah section of Chayei Sarah (Genesis 23:1-25:18) all take place after Sarah's death. Not only that -- they seem to all underscore the fact of her demise. First we read of Sarah's burial in the Machpeilah Cave in Hebron. Following that, we have the story of Rebecca's selection as a wife for Isaac and how she came to replace Sarah as the matriarch in Abraham's household. And then the Torah tells of the return of Hagar -- whom Sarah had banished from Abraham's home.
Yet Chayei Sarah means "the life of Sarah"! How is this to be reconciled with the concept that the name of a Torah portion expresses its essential theme and message?
Ostensibly, the events of Chayei Sarah emphasize that fact that Sarah is no more. In truth, however, there is no place in the Torah in which Sarah is more alive.
Together with Abraham, Sarah pioneered the Jewish settlement of the Land of Canaan; as described in the opening chapter of Chayei Sarah, her burial in the Cave of Machpeilah achieved the first actual Jewish ownership of a piece of land in the Holy Land. Sarah devoted her life to the creation of the first Jewish family; the story of Rebecca's selection demonstrates how Sarah's successor embodied the ideals upon which Sarah founded the Jewish home. Even the return of Hagar expresses the extent of Sarah's impact on Jewish history: Sarah's banishment of Hagar and Ishmael was to remove their threat to Isaac's integrity as Abraham's heir; the return of Hagar, as described in Chayei Sarah's closing verses, achieved exactly that -- it established Isaac as the torchbearer of the legacy of Abraham.
Thus the name Chayei Sarah expresses this Torah section's true import. Indeed, none of the earlier Torah sections that relate the events of Sarah's life before her death can merit the name "The Life of Sarah." These describe what, taken on its own, can be seen as a temporal life -- a life with a beginning and an end, a life confined to a particular body and a particular span of time. The true Chayei Sarah comes to light in the events following her death, when the eternity of her life is revealed.


On the shores of the Mediterranean created three infinity pools that make you feel in the middle of the sea surrounded by its vastness and tranquility, where the pool and skyline blend in perfect harmony. Mediterranean feel in your skin.
The Sun Temple is a unique architectural beauty and Moorish style that transports you to a dream world in which we created the "Royal Baths", a large hot tub under our great Arab dome. Health, beauty and tranquility in perfect harmony. A pleasure for the senses.
wonderful Mediterranean climate come together to benefit your health.


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Aubrey Augustus Michael Coverley (29 September 1895 – 19 March 1953) was an Australian politician who was a Labor Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1924 until his death, representing the seat of Kimberley. He served as a minister in the governments of John Willcock and Frank Wise.

Early life
Coverley was born in Bridgetown, a small town in Western Australia's South West region. He enlisted in the Australian Army in 1915, serving with the 10th Light Horse in the Middle Eastern theatre. He was wounded in April 1917 and discharged from service later in the year. Coverley initially returned to Bridgetown after being repatriated, employed as a post office clerk but in 1919 transferred to Broome, in the North West. He moved to Wyndham the following year, working at the town meatworks.

Politics and later life
Having joined the Labor Party in 1910, Coverley successfully stood for parliament at the 1924 state election, winning the seat of Kimberley from the Country Party. At the 1933 election, his margin was narrowed to just 32 votes. The Court of Disputed Returns subsequently declared the result void and ordered a new election, where Coverley was elected with a more comfortable margin. He also increased his majority at the 1936 election.

After the 1939 election, Coverley was made Minister for the North-West in the Willcock ministry. He was additionally made Minister for Forests after the 1943 election, and after John Willcock's resignation in 1945 retained his titles in the new ministry formed by Frank Wise. The Labor government was defeated at the 1947 election, although Coverley retained his seat with a comfortable margin. At the following two elections, he was elected unopposed. Coverley died just over a month after the 1953 election. He had been in poor health, but his death was unexpected. The resulting by-election was won by the Labor candidate, John Rhatigan. Coverley had married Evelyn Alice Roberts in 1921, with whom he had four sons.

See also
 Willcock Ministry
 Wise Ministry

References

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1895 births
1953 deaths
Australian Army soldiers
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Western Australia
Australian military personnel of World War I
Members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly
People from Bridgetown, Western Australia
20th-century Australian politicians

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Topic: All Criminal Justice (19) Education (44) Jobs and Economic Security (37) Strong Communities (34) Economic Development (40) Transportation (11) Government Accountability (4) Gateway Cities (38) Environment (3) Creative Placemaking (2) New Skills for a New Economy (6) Public Opinion (10) Elections (2) Research (31) Transformative Transit-Oriented Development (7)
Developing a Fresh Generation Of Civic Leaders in Worcester
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Research suggests collaborative leadership is a key distinction between comeback cities and those still struggling to transition to the new economy. This raises the fundamental question: how do cities prepare the next generation of civic leaders to work together effectively? Studies show collaborative leadership thrives in cities where citizens trust their government, are engaged in read more
Topic(s): Gateway Cities, Research
The Holyoke Safe and Successful Youth Initiative Case Study
The Holyoke SSYI Program is a powerful example of how successful Gateway City initiatives fuse leaders and leadership styles together to overcome stubborn challenges. SSYI is a carefully coordinated effort to reach the community's most difficult to reach young men—those who are "proven-risk" for violence. Making the most of a new state grant program, Holyoke read more
Topic(s): Education, Gateway Cities, Research
The Lawrence Community Partnerships Case Study
In 2012, the Massachusetts Board of Elementary and Secondary Education moved to address the chronically low performance of the Lawrence Public Schools by placing the district in receivership. Jeff Riley, the leader appointed to transform the system, immediately set about extending the school day to offer students a wider array of learning opportunities. A central read more
Topic(s): Education, Gateway Cities
The Five District Partnership Case Study
Leading Together: The Five District Partnership Case Study describes a collaborative venture developed by the Chelsea, Everett, Malden, Revere and Winthrop school districts in response to the challenge of student mobility. Every year, thousands of students move among the schools in these neighboring cities, creating major disruptions in learning, as documented by previous MassINC research. read more
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Exploring the Potential for Pretrial Innovation in Massachusetts
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Many states involved in Justice Reinvestment—a data-driven approach to reduce incarceration and increase public safety—have taken aim at the practice of holding defendants on cash bail. These efforts are backed by research that shows many defendants held in jail awaiting trial do not pose a serious risk. Keeping low-risk defendants out of jail allows states read more
Topic(s): Criminal Justice, Research
Building Community-Wide Social and Emotional Support Systems in Massachusetts Gateway Cities
Assessing Progress from the Perspective of Local Educators
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Social and emotional support systems are a key pillar of the vision for education that Gateway City leaders developed collectively in 2013. These systems protect at-risk children who, without effective intervention, face difficulties that can result in enormous costs for entire cities. The universal learning experiences at the core of these systems are equally important. read more
Looking for Leadership
Public Opinion in Massachusetts on the Response to Global Warming
Ben Forman, Rich Parr and Steve Koczela
Massachusetts residents "strongly support" a wide range of policies to combat and prepare for global warming, including investing in renewable energy and public transit. This support stems from broad belief that the effects of global warming are either already underway, or have already begun, and will be damaging for Massachusetts – three-quarters think Massachusetts will read more
Topic(s): Environment, Public Opinion
Crime, Cost & Consequences
A Two Year Progress Report
Ben Forman and John Larivee
In 2013, MassINC issued Crime, Cost, and Consequences, a comprehensive look at the performance of the state's criminal justice system. At the Second Annual Massachusetts Criminal Justice Reform Coalition Summit, we issued this update. These new figures show steady progress in some areas, while other problems identified in the 2013 report continue to present stubborn read more
At the Apex
The 2030 Educational Attainment Forecast and Implications for Bay State Policy Makers
Mark Melnik, Lindsay Koshgarian, Daniel Hodge, Hinlan Wong and Ryan Wallace
This analysis draws attention to the problem the Massachusetts economy will confront as the large and highly skilled Baby Boom generation ages out of the state's workforce. To help inform policymakers at this critical juncture, the report examines the drivers of recent gains in educational attainment and projects skill levels in Massachusetts out to 2030. read more
Topic(s): Education
Going for Growth
Enhancing the Economic Impact of Public Transit in Gateway Cities with Comprehensive Service Planning
Ben Forman, Megan Aki, Mary Ebeling and Rich Parr
This new policy brief examines how best practices in transit planning can benefit Massachusetts's Regional Transit Authorities. Massachusetts's Regional Transit Authorities (RTAs) have an opportunity to improve their existing service and make the case for more funding from the state by making the most of a new planning requirement from the legislature. That's the key read more
Topic(s): Strong Communities, Economic Development, Transportation, Gateway Cities
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Picture the scene. It's January. You've been munching the salted peanuts and After Eights like they're going out of business, not to mention overdoing it on nights out with your friends.
Then comes the moment everyone dreads – stepping on the scales. Needless to say, the result tends to be an impassioned New Year's resolution – to cut the booze, avoid the crisps and hit the gym.
Before you know it, your good intentions have vanished in a puff of smoke. And that, my friends, is the slippery slope. Not good. Not good at all.
I call this trap the 'all or nothing' curse. It's when you set yourself a one-time goal (often something completely unachievable) and become despondent when you don't see immediate results.
Weight loss and fitness isn't a one-time thing. It's a way of life. Fitness should come as naturally as breathing. In short, it shouldn't be seen as something you work at from time to time, for short-term results. It should be something you're always practicing, to be the healthiest, fittest person you can be. No compromise.
Instead of setting yourself some half-assed resolution that you're not going to stick to, take this approach instead.
Take responsibility. It's your body – no-one else's. You own it, and it's your responsibility to make sure it's in shape. You wouldn't pour sub-standard petrol into your car and expect it to run well – so don't pour rubbish into your own body! Let's face it; a car lasts around ten years – your body has to last a lifetime.
Break your goals down. It's time to ditch those unobtainable, fluffy goals. Set yourself something tangible, such as losing two pounds a week or doing three gym sessions. Monitor your performance in a book – it'll help you stay motivated.
Don't lie to yourself. It's easy to convince ourselves we're working hard at getting fit, when in fact, we're not. That half hour you just did down the gym? You spent fifteen minutes of it walking slowly on the running machine. That doesn't count, sorry! That packet of crisps you finished off at work? You might have forgotten you ate them, but your body didn't. Keep it real and don't try to trick yourself.
If you're finding it hard to stay focused on your fitness regime, don't beat yourself up about it. It can happen from time to time, and the important thing is to keep on trying. If you need some help, check out these online fitness programmes – designed to whip you into shape, without letting you quit.


For too long, we've talked of "The Range" as one thing— a region stretching from roughly Cotton to just this side of the Canadian border— tied together both politically and economically, by a dependence on iron mining. Yet that simplistic view masks the significant differences, and potentially divergent futures, between the various communities that make up the broader Range.
This region, for better or worse, is dominated by the politics of the Mesabi Range, even as other parts of northern St. Louis County have the potential to move in a very different direction economically and, ultimately, politically as well. We're not there yet, as the recent tussle over the future of Twin Metals makes clear. Our political leaders still look to mining as the economic driver of the region's economy even as increasing numbers of the region's residents are pushing in a different direction, at least for some communities in our region.
Some places, like Cook and Orr, have always been on the margins of the Range. These are communities with a much stronger historical connection to the timber industry than mining and a far more independent mindset and entrepreneurial culture than we find on the Mesabi Range.
Communities like Ely and Tower may have begun as mining towns of the old Vermilion Range, but it's been half a century since the last mines up here shut down. A transition to something else— communities whose economies are based on quality of life— is well underway in Ely and is finally showing signs of progress in Tower as well. But a political culture dominated by the attitudes of the Mesabi Range keeps trying to pull these communities back into the fold. It's almost as if the region's political culture won't let go of its "one-size-fits-all" approach to economic development.
For years, Duluth was largely part of that culture as well, but it broke free in recent years and its leaders have moved to remake the city as a great place to live. Progressive leaders took advantage of the city's outstanding recreational opportunities and a dramatic natural backdrop, to attract a growing number of young and forward-thinking entrepreneurs. In the process, they turned a community that was teetering on the edge of Rust Belt status into a city that is increasingly recognized for its vibrancy and economic activity.
The old thinking that has dominated our region suggests that without mining, the area will be dependent only on tourism, with its relatively low wages and seasonal work. But that's far too narrow a view. Tourism is certainly seasonal in nature, but it is only one aspect of an economic development model based on quality of life. Communities that are great places to live attract people, not only as places to visit, but as places to live, to invest, and to create livelihoods.
You want to encourage small business? Show people a community that's something special and the businesses will come. That's been demonstrated time and again all across the country. We've seen it in Duluth, we've seen it in Ely, and we're beginning to see it in Tower.
A quality of life economy is far more than the hospitality industry we normally associate with tourism. It encompasses real estate, construction, health care, education, finance, retail, specialty products, and small manufacturing. Take a look at the region's economic statistics. These are the industries that are creating new jobs in our region.
There is no question that such an approach is different from the model of development we've seen for years on the Mesabi Range, where we have relied on the mines to create the jobs that have attracted and held residents. Increased mechanization guarantees a continued slide in mining employment under such an economic model and the nature of the industry guarantees an economy that lurches from crisis to crisis.
But our communities north of the divide don't have to share that future, and our political leaders should be working to break free of old economic and political mindsets that are holding our region back. Communities up here have a tremendous amount to offer— spectacular lakes, beautiful forests, abundant wildlife, clean air and water, and a lifestyle that many people hunger to achieve. Our communities have created amenities, like the arts and outstanding civic organizations, which further contribute to our quality of life.
These are amenities that, if protected and encouraged, are the foundation for healthy and economically vibrant communities.
That's why it's time for politicians north of the divide to cast off the politics of the Mesabi Range and embrace a different, and more sustainable future.
I also think we have to teach the younger generation and even the older generations to learn new skills that are more flexible for future growth outside of mining. Skills companies will recognize and will establish their business here because of it.
Look how the north shore has changed.
A side note mining is so up and down-news today said-Essar Steel Minnesota has about $1 billion in debt and no income. Some businesses that Essar owes money already have filed lawsuits.
Lets expand in many new ways-tourism etc.
Perfect. Why is this beyond the comprehension of the Ely City Council? The politics of resentment dies hard.


text:
«Остановите Потапова!» — короткометражный художественный фильм режиссёра Вадима Абдрашитова, созданный им как курсовая работа и защищённый в 1974 году как дипломная.

Картина снята по одноимённому рассказу Григория Горина, опубликованному в «Литературной газете» в 1972 году, и по его же сценарию.

Сюжет
В фильме показан один день из жизни заглавного героя. Сотрудник некого НИИ Андрей Потапов — врун и приспособленец. Он не осознаёт, что совершает низкие поступки. Ему представляется, что он такой же, как все. В фильме использованы фрагменты спектакля Театра на Таганке «Гамлет» с Владимиром Высоцким в заглавной роли.

Профессиональные награды
 «За лучшую режиссуру» на всесоюзном кинофестивале «Молодость» (Киев, 1975)
 Главный приз кинофестиваля ВГИКа (1975).

В ролях

Примечания

Короткометражные фильмы СССР 1974 года
Фильмы-мелодрамы СССР
Экранизации произведений Григория Горина
Фильмы по сценариям Григория Горина
Экранизации рассказов


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Den Den Town
Similar to Tokyo's famous Akihabara area, Den Den Town is a popular shopping destination for fans of Japanese anime and manga. For travellers with an interest in the more, perhaps "geeky" pursuits, this area is an absolute must-see!
Tucked away in a small pocket of southern Osaka city lies a destination frequented by Japanese and foreigners alike. Home to a range of stores that include a wide variety of wares, from computers, cameras, anime and manga to power tools and whitegoods, "Den Den Town" is an area that runs along Sakaisuji Avenue in the Nipponbashi district.
The very first day of my first ever trip to Japan was spent wandering around in awe of all the different stores, especially the anime-themed stores – as a big Dragon Ball fan since childhood, this was the first destination on my list after arriving at Kansai Airport. Over the years I have found myself being a frequent visitor to Den Den Town; any time I come to Osaka, for work or travel, I always do my best to spend a bit of time roaming the streets, almost always picking up a unique souvenir to bring back home. While my interests have shifted more into photography and videography in recent years, as the area accommodates my current passion, I can always find a reason to visit.
Den Den Town occupies an area between Nipponbashi Station and Ebisucho Station, along the Sakaisuji subway line. Along the main road of Sakaisuji Avenue, there are a number of electronics stores such as Joshin, Sofmap and Bic Camera. One of the things I love most about this area is being able to find a number of used electronics stores with more competitive pricing than somewhere like Tokyo. Along the same road, there are also a number of pop culture-related stores, with collectible figurines, DVDs, maid cafes and more. In recent years there have also been some tax-free stores opening up to accommodate for the influx of foreign travellers.
Discover Otaku Road "Ota Road"
One block behind, and running parallel to Sakaisuji Avenue, is a street colloquially known as Ota Road (short for "Otaku Road," home to the majority of the anime and manga-related stores in the area. Stores like Yellow Submarine and Animate can satisfy even the most hard-core Japanese pop culture fan, with their large selections of game and anime/manga merchandise respectively. For those with more eclectic tastes, there are a decent number of smaller stores selling collectible figurines as well as vintage video games and consoles. While there, I managed to walk into a store with a massive selection of used Nintendo 64 games, as well as even older gaming consoles including SNES and Sega Mega Drive.
Ota Road also contains a few "Gashapon" stores, which are essentially a storefront space dedicated only to the machines where you deposit a coin and twist a lever until a small toy drops out. Undoubtedly visitors to Japan have come across them at some point, but the Den Den Town area has an unbelievably large selection.
Outside of otaku-related shopping, Den Den Town is also a popular location for locals to purchase cheap and used electronics. Stores like 'Best Do' supply bits and pieces for computers, and some stores supply whitegoods and even office furniture. There are also a variety of restaurants and cafes available – some even being anime themed!
Den Den Town is an interesting area, as while during my few years living in Japan and time travelling here before then, I have seen it change, yet continue to hold its charm. Over these past few years I have definitely witnessed the popularity of the area surge, perhaps in part to the popularity of surrounding attractions like Kuromon Ichiba Market and Shinsekai. Certainly deserving of its growing reputation, I will certainly find myself back in Den Den Town upon my next visit to Osaka.
Visitors can access Den Den Town via a number of convenient routes:
- Namba Station: from the east side of Namba Station, the top of Den Den Town is just a five-minute walk away.
- Nippombashi Station: just a short walk south down Sakaisuji and you're there!
- Ebisucho Station: head north and within a couple of minutes you will be in Den Den Town!
MATT DE SOUSA
Originally from Melbourne, Australia, I am a freelance filmmaker based in Tokyo. I moved here to study Japanese language and like many others fell in love with Japan and decided to stay. In my rare moments of spare time you can find me reading Dragon Ball manga or having a beer at an izakaya.
Osaka Convention & Tourism Bureau
Inquiries about tourist information Osaka Call Center 06-6131-4550 (9:00~17:30)


Bring the family together for high tea and stick around to help us crack open our 500kg Easter egg.
Bring the family together on Easter Sunday for a Grounds high tea experience. Delicate teacups, tiered stands of delicious sweet and savoury treats, and world-class service in our beautiful venue.
Designed by executive chef Paul McGrath, our high tea menu is ideal for the family to enjoy together.
To view The Grounds' Easter long-weekend events and seasonal offerings, visit our website.


The Rhinos couldn't have hoped for more than they got Friday night in Cleveland.
Next up: Saturday afternoon in Montreal.
The Rhinos are now tied with Puerto Rico for third in the USL 1st Division standings with seven points in four games played. If you look at the standings based on points per game played, the Rhinos are still in third place and trail Puerto Rico and Carolina.
Johnny Menyongar is now tied for the league lead with six points and three goals.
- It became official late on Friday when this press release was posted to USL Soccer.com. Doug Miller is the owner of the Rochester Ravens of the USL's W-League. If you are interested in playing for the Ravens this season, email the coaches here.
- OK, this annoys me. But it is kind of funny that MLS is making money off of this via SUM.
- The proposed soccer stadium in Houston looks nice. Really nice.
- Kasey Keller DJ. The Rhinos should do this.
- From the PDL to the EPL? SBI.net has the details of this cool story.
- Who knew Don Garber was on Twitter?
- Chris Seitz put up two clean sheets during his two game loan to Portland over the weekend. I bet they are wishing that they could get him for the rest of the season!
- I've got two guests already confirmed for Saturday: Rhinos defender/assistant coach Brent Sancho and Mauro Biello of the Impact.


Faced with tight profit margins, escalating labor costs and increasing competition, manufacturers must cut costs. Employee grievances over pay or work rules are unnecessary setbacks. Duplication of effort abounds. InfoTronics delivers the critical tools needed to eliminate waste and improve employee timekeeping: fair application of rules, streamlined data collection and on-demand reports.
Browser-based Attendance Enterprise automates complicated pay rules and shift differentials. Excess overtime is controlled, and employee grievances are reduced because company policies are applied impartially and consistently.
Improvements begin with the data collection process. One manufacturer recently used InfoTronics data collection system to easily integrate time and attendance badges with existing photo IDs and security access systems. Attendance Enterprise can also automate leave requests and handle employee benefits inquiries.
Companies can easily measure labor utilization across the enterprise by location, by department, or by individual to measure performance. Detailed reports assist the labor relations department with contract negotiations by providing accurate, detailed employee labor and attendance information.
InfoTronics solves the most complex manufacturing workforce challenges of the labor-intensive manufacturing sector. The results are real savings and improved overall operational performance.


iPhone Users - When adding a catch select the YouTube Spring Bass from the tournament list. Make sure to add a photo and weight when saving catch details.
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text:
Report: Former UK govt media chief meets police
Published: JULY 8, 2011 11:19
LONDON - Andy Coulson, former editor of the News of the World newspaper, arrived at a London police station on Friday to face questioning over phone hacking, the Times newspaper reported in its online edition.
London's Metropolitan Police could not immediately confirm the report. Coulson quit as Prime Minister David Cameron's communications chief earlier this year after phone hacking allegations resurfaced.
He has denied any knowledge of the practice during his four years running the newspaper but took responsibility for what happened during his tenure.


← Pets as Conduits to Health?
I remember that episode very well. I had problems with it on a variety of levels, some that I could articulate and a lot that I couldn't. But now I'm seeing lots of stuff in Star Trek that I don't think I'll be unable to un-see ever again. Your comments also make me think about SciFi as a genre of projection (of course it is) and how much that has to do with its appeal. We map our hopes and anxieties onto an imagined time (and/or place), but on closer examination, all of our current blind spots bleed through. Like how both the original and TNG presume a just, tranquil Earth yet the earthling crew members are about 90 percent white when that doesn't even remotely represent the demographics of even present-day Earth, where at least 4 billion of the est. 7+ billion people come from predominantly non-white nations. Star Trek ought to look a hell of a lot more like a blend of BET, Telemundo, Bollywood films, and Chinese films than an LA soundstage.
Wow, M.C. This comment of yours deserves to be its own post. Particularly your point about the TNG crew not reflecting the demographics of Earth. Star Trek, for all its intriguing, inspiring ideas, didn't always walk its talk. Your vision of what Star Trek should have been sounds awesome!


Gaza,(DRAH.ps)—Division of Refugee Affairs in Hamas DRAH initiated on Tuesday afternoon a photo exhibition entitled "View the Nakba" in Ajundi Almajhoul Square in Gaza, where hundreds of photos of the Nakba in 1948 are exhibited.
DRAH chairman Dr. Essam Adwan as well as a number of members of the coordinating commission to commemorate the 67th anniversary of the Nakba initiated the exhibition as an event among a series of activities being carried out to revive the 67th anniversary of the Nakba .
Adwan said the exhibition illustrates the story of the Palestinian people since before the Nakba where there are a lot of images of the Palestinian villages and towns being destroyed.
He added that images show the displacement of indigenous population, displacement and migration of the Palestinian people, events of the 1948 war, post war events , gathering of the displaced in refugee camps, and the misery status of killings and expelling by Israeli gangs against the innocent Palestinian citizens.
Adwan explained also that massacres against Palestinian villagers at hands of Israeli gangs including Deir Yasin and Tantura are also included in the exhibition.
This exhibition will be open to visitors for three days, LCD films and documentaries over the suffering and the conspiracies against the Palestinian people will also be displayed.


Millions of ineligible and invalid registrations pollute American voter rolls, J. Christian Adams writes in a new Heritage Foundation report.
This is in part because the 1993 National Voter Registration Act, popularly known as the Motor Voter Act, has been used largely by liberal interests.
"For most of the history of the law, enforcement actions have been directed against election officials who sought to clean voter rolls and against states for insufficiently pushing voter registration among entitlement recipients," Adams writes.
Throughout the history of the National Voter Registration Act, liberal interest groups that have regularly opposed election integrity efforts have conducted an aggressive litigation campaign against state and local election officials. States with a large number of Electoral College delegates or where important statewide races occurred have been subjected to lawsuits brought under the NVRA by progressive groups.
The NVRA, fully utilized, provides important tools that progressive political interests can use to shape the voter rolls to their advantage. Only recently have a small number of conservative organizations recognized and utilized the potential of the NVRA to combat corrupted voter rolls and the voter fraud that can flourish because of those corrupted rolls.
Do you think voter fraud is a major issue? How would you fight it?
Voter fraud is a major problem facing America today. I see it as serious as the insecure borders.
A complete reauthorization of the voter rolls. While this would take some time, it would put a live person in front of a scribe with a camera taking down current information. Elections at present have computer data available, check to see if current, if not correct. They have registered, good opportunity to check for fraud. As a last resort, put their finger print on the documentation.
Insisting on identification is the only way is the only way this problem will be solved.
required picture voter ID is a must, even when signing up for vote-by-mail. This requirement does not hurt other countries, most of which haste higher voting percentages.
It would be sad to go to a non-voter fine (like Australia) but maybe it needs to be considered.
The apathy towards voting in America is deplorable. By the time people wake up it may be too late to reverse our present course.
My solution: Photo ID, No early voting, show a valid reason to vote absentee ballot, registration and voting must be done in person.
Make people show a valid drivers licence and or valid ID and address.
I believe voter fraud is a problem and a valid photo ID should be required and a person should have to show proof of residence in the state in which they vote and six months residence in that state should be required. Ideally a voter should be a property owner and speak English.
It is my belief that issuing drivers licences without proof of birth as a U.S. citizen gives to many illegals a way to be placed wrongfully on voter rolls, and there by corrupting the voting process and voter rolls throughout the nation.
Of course this is what the leftist have always wanted in remaking of America. There are to many dead people showing up a polls along with people who are registered in more than one state voting in both locations. Voter rolls must be scrutinized and corrected if our nation is to continue Constitutionally – one person – one vote!
I think that a photo ID like a drivers licence and proof of US citizenship, or proof of birth in the usa would help.
Require registration and voter picture ID in all federal elections.
Anyone who wants to vote should be a legal citizen of the USA, have a picture ID with address info and any other legal procedure that can be engaged to make voting more legal of all Americans. Obama's policies are bringing in illegal folks both south and north borders NONE of these folks should ever be allowed to vote on anything in America and should be returned their home country ASAP.
Voter fraud is a huge problem in the U.S. However, it could be almost eliminated if all voters in the nation were required to have a valid ID, and instant checks across county and state boundaries could be developed to investigate for duplicated voting. Instant arresting of violators with a mandatory night in jail would also help to stem the tide of criminal conduct in our voting system.
Yes, I think voter fraud is an issue. Wisconsin is enforcing the Voter ID requirement for the 11/4 election and that is one way to stop fraud. We do have laws in this country and if the President doesn't abide by them how do you expect others to follow them? Every community should be responsible for cleaning up their voter rolls and also voting machines.
A secure photo ID equipped with a hidden chip that is 'swiped' at the precinct. Then have each voting precincts tied or integrated to a mainframe whereas, when I vote (when my ID card is swiped), my name is flagged to prevent being able to vote multiple times.
Also, and equally important, all electronic voting machines need to be checked and SEALED prior to any election. When we voted at the Rugby precinct in 2008, I just 'happened' to press the 'review' button for the first time in my voting life. Well, 2 of the Conservative candidates I had selected did not receive our votes. I returned to the voting screen; corrected the "error", then reviewed again. Behold, the liberal candidate was showing my vote again! On the third correction I think it stuck. Voting machines are nothing more than a programmed piece of equipment.
We need Voter ID is all the States like Wisconsin just passed. Illegal voting in a few key districts can change an entire election. Besides, who wants people voting that have zero idea about the issues but are "dragged" to the polls thru Motor Voter………..
Voter ID is a must for everyone!!!!!
All voters should be required to have PHOTO ID!
"Motor Voter" is fraught with opportunities to cheat and manipulate votes. ABOLISH IT!
Voter Registration needs to be discontinued 1 week before an election. Current situation allows fraud!
Where vote-by-mail is allowed, get more poll-watchers to ensure that a proper signature check is made between the signed ballot and the secrecy envelope.
What a stupid survey!! I get a banner stating I am posting my comment "too quickly" but there are no time instructions stated! Typical Washington bull! I do not have time to screw around with you anymore!
States are the ones who get to decide how they choose their Presidential electors. A few states have chosen to elect them by district rather than winner take all. A large city or two in a state can swing the whole state and fraud can be focused there in a winner take all election. If the votes for electors are distributed one for each Federal house district the fraud would have to be perpetrated outside of big cities as well and would take more work to organize.
Voter fraud is a MAJOR issue. I don't know why it has not been seriously addressed before this. The only thing that I can think of for dealing with it is to create software (if not already) to flag and eject the names from the voter lists that do not qualify….
Photo ID presented should be the minimum requirement to vote. Also a national data base to prevent voting by the same person in different jurisdictions or states.
Anything you do today you must present a valid ID. How do people get food stamps or welfare? Don't they need some form of ID? It is ridiculous for the liberals to say that asking for an ID is keeping their constituents from voting.
Voter ID is the best way to protect the integrity of our election system. Its protecting the voter from identity theft of their vote not voter intimidation as the liberals suggest. Its common sense and I believe anyone who can't see that or won't see this is in favor of voter fraud and doesn't care about the voters rights to cast a ballot free from identity theft!
Proper voter registration and cross Identification at the time of casting your ballot is the only way to ensure honesty and integrity of our election system. Today the system is rampant with fraud and many illigal votes. Voter I. D. is the solution.
Stop Media Exit Polls. Exit Polls have become the results.
Results should not be released until midnight Hawaii time.
Media Ratings should not be the way election results are determined. We all know who runs the media and it is biased. One county in Ohio should not determine the president.
It's crazy when I hear that we help other countries run their elections. We're the ones that need to be overseen.
I know there has to be fraud in our electoral system.
Bio identification. For instance their could be a one time sign up of all current voters who must show their ID, proof of Residence and proof of citizenship. Once that is done, a nationwide database is set up so that voting can occur anywhere there are computers set up for the purpose of voting. There could be a fingerprint or retinal scan at the site. This would allow people who are citizens i.e. military servicemen overseas to vote instantly and have their vote counted. Voters should also have the ability to follow up and ensure that their vote was submitted correctly so there are no unauthorized changes made to votes. Anytime a citizen's status changes that affects their voting rights, it is the duty of the official dealing with that change to submit the change (i.e. death of a voter) to the elections office in their state. Citizens are responsible to report items such as name changes, moves, etc. and they must update using their bio identification to verify. Obviously this is a simplified plan of a more complex solution, but this is the basic idea.
I think voter fraud is a serious problem. The true the vote organization is blocked from their effort to audit voter rolls by self serving progressives. A state ID is a rational and necessary requirement to permit voting and undercut fraud. As federal interference in this effort is an unconstitutional action to interfere with a states obligation to have integrity in the voting rolls.
My solution is enact the FAIR TAX and begin to provide individual freedom and start to dismantle overbearing and unaccountable bureaucracies (IRS and 16TH amendment).
As a Precinct Chair(311) in Harris County, Texas, I witnessed obvious voter fraud being committed in a precinct that had a 104% turn out while turning in there ballots at near 1:00 am. No one was prosecuted?!! Cheating an election is the most heinous form of treason against the people and the constitution. Vigorous prosecution for election fraud and once proven try them for treason due to the fact they to "The Oath" and exact maximum punishment at the lowest taxpayer cost, for these vermin should receive no leniency at all. 2008 and 2012 elections for the president were believed to be stolen by fraud in Pennsylvania and Ohio. ACORN was a big factor and was exposed in fraud multiply times in their "get out the vote efforts." Hillary was blind sided in the Demoncrat primaries in the post election day caucus voting handing the nomination to the Obamanation. We better start enforcing the laws vigorously or we are done.
Voter fraud is an abomination and must be stopped. Each fraudulent vote steels a legal vote from you and me. Voter rolls must be cleaned up and efforts from liberal groups to stop voter roll verification should be pointed out in the news for what they are: an effort to steel legal votes from valid voters. Proper voter ID at the polls is a must as well. If you need proper ID to cash a check or to drive, what's wrong with requiring ID to vote!
Four years(1,460 days) ,is sufficient time to plan on being at polls. Two years,(730), days is sufficient time to plan on being at polls ! Why is there a need to be early or late? Show up w/ I.D.!
per voter ! ! !
We have to have ID for everything else. I definitely think we should have to present a Photo ID and proof of citizenship before being allowed to vote!
Yes, I think there is way too much fraud and corruption (vote buying) in this country. Voter IDs would help stem the problem, but there should also be more restrictions on politicians' influence on voters at election time-such as a "time out" for outreach/personal campigning right before elections (2 weeks to a month).
I went to the Comcast Office here in my state recently to replace my cable box. Comcast required a photo ID from me before they would give me the box! Judging from the make up of the customers in the local Comcast Center, ie paying their bills manually, I was shocked that they were not up in arms about having to provide a Photo ID. If Comcast can ask for ID, then we sure as heck better be asking for one when someone is doing something as important as voting! We need to know if you are a citizen and if you are registered in order for you to be allowed to vote locally, in state or federal elections. I want the voter roles purged of dead and illegal voters.
In New Mexico, illegals are allowed to get drivers' licenses; I haven't seen them, but I would hope they are different than those for U.S. Citizens. With that condition, I think each and every one of U.S. Citizens should provide a picture id indicating US citizenship or a valid drivers' license containing picture id. We are required to provide picture id to cash checks, etc. — why not to vote? Voter rolls need to be cleaned up and verified for accuracy.
True the Vote is trying to get some semblance of fraud protection in the voting system. As long as there are no ID requirements, rampant voter fraud will take place. Now that Holder will be out of the picture, lets hope something can be done, but with this criminal in the White House I don't hold out much hope for now.
Only legal citizens shold be eligible to vote.
Use common sense. On many occasions citizens are required to present an I.D. (driver's license with picture, etc.) for verification. This should be a standard procedure each time a person votes. Reasons given to thwart this approach are spurious.
If Democrats who attended their national convention had to provide a photo ID, every true American should provide one before entering the voting booth.
Since 9-11 we have been required to show picture ID and physical address not a P.O. Box in order to vote.
There is rampant voter fraud going on. Dead people vote. Pets of people vote. People are voting more than once at different locations. People are voting who are not citizens. The fraud is to the advantage of the left–which undermines laws to prevent fraud. People who undermine voter ID laws lack integrity. Our Constitution works when citizens have integrity. Citizens who boo God (as in the last Democratic Convention) do not fear Him and will do whatever it takes to get their own way. IMHO, we need a national movement to return to living God's way to regain the integrity needed to honor our Constitution and greatly reduce voter fraud.
New federal law all voters shall have approved I D Card with up to date picture and data.
Require positive photo IDs to register and to vote. Voting must be restricted to the voter's home precinct and a log must be signed proving that one and only one vote was cast. Return to paper ballots eliminating any manipulation of electronic machines even though results must be manually counted and therefore slower. Require by law that all ballot boxes be under multi-party supervision from the time polls open until the boxes are opened and counted immediately after polls close. Boxes must be labeled,sealed and removed to secure locations immediately after counted and no late or "missing" boxes will be included in any count. Early or absentee voting must be subject to the same restrictions.
Rescind the 1993 Motor Voter Act – I knew then that voter fraud would be prevalent. I lived in California then and La Raza etc. in Orange Country took full advantage of MotorVoter to register hundreds of illegals – and look what has happened to California. All States must be allowed their State Right to police their voter rolls. Back to the rule: If you don't vote in the Presidential election, you are purged from the lists.
PLEASE do all you can for we Americans, to do away with voter fraud.
I think a photo ID should be required to vote in all states. I know this wouldn't fly anymore but people that own property and pay taxes should have their vote counted at a higher percentage then the takers in the country. I'm retired and tired of pulling the wagon for all these free loaders.
PERSONAL PHOTO ID — WITHOUT A DOUBT. WE HAVE TO SHOW ID FOR LIQUOR, CIGARETTE, ETC. PURCHASES — WHAT'S THE BIG PROBLEM WITH SHOWING IT TO VOTE?? I DON'T UNDERSTAND ALL THE UPROAR AGAINST IT.
I agree with cleaning up the voting rolls. clear out the deceased after a short waiting period.
It will be difficult, but all Motor Voter laws must be abolished and a different method employed to register voters. Mail is not reliable. Registration on line may be a consideration, providing PROOF OF CITIZENSHIP AND ELIGIBILITY are a part of the process. NO INELIGIBLE PERSON SHOULD VOTE IN US ELECTIONS! This includes non-citizens, dead people and incarcerated felons. There should be NO exceptions.
Any attempts to limit voter participation, especially considering there are no actual documented cases of voter fraud, revel one party's attempt to disenfranchise voters. The Republicans are the new Nazi Party, they use things like Voter ID laws to limit the # of people voting, in hopes of clinging to their racist, white America.
It is a major concern if no validation is required to determine whether or not the motorist is a United States citizen. Non US citizens should not be allowed to vote in US elections. So far, I have not been able to come up with how or even if voters are being vetted. Are they being cross matched with any other database?
I think photo voter ID registration cards should be used even though certain groups still think that is a 'racist' method.
If everyone has to have one , how can it be racist? And when will those %@# people get themselves educated concerning these systems instead of being 'led" by special interests? It doesn't take a colleg degree to figure it out!
Whatever we can do to keep them liberal colored people from voting is fine with me. Go Trump! Yeehaw!
NVRA forms in CA at county benefits offices make it so ballot's origin can be traced by barcode and this violates the concept of secret ballots. I received a ballot by mail and voted, then someone unregistered me and my Bernie Sanders vote did not count. I have proof. NVRA voter preference declination forms are how I. believe California was stolen for Hillary during our Primary.
We need proof of citizenship during voter registration, and valid photo ID at the polls. Anyone opposed to that must be in favor of ineligible voters participating in our elections.
This argument against motor-voter is pure bs and clear evidence of the insincerity of voter-fraud zealots who are either so blinded by xenophobia, bigotry they can't think straight or are actively working to conceal their racist and undemocratic efforts to suppress the voting rights of minorities and political opponents. If you want all voters to have photo ID, usually a valid drivers' license or DMV issued non-driver ID, it makes no sense to oppose registering citizen voters when they get their DMV IDs. Fraud here is BS, states require proof of citizen or visa status for licencing, the lists are checked by computer with election boards. I was automatically purged from Florida rolls (after living abroad for some years) when I got a Illinois driver license. DMVs are everywhere, and getting one bureacuracy to do two things is financially sound. It eases access for poor and elderly to voter ID while helping them get the IDs you demand to better prevent the nearly non-existent (and statistically irrelevant) chance of voter fraud. If you demand more voter ID and are against motor-voter your a hypocrite, or worse. If you listen to the Heritage foundation, a once reputable but now fact-challenged conservative think-tank you're a sucker. Try the Cato Institute instead. And if you're afraid of creeping government and big brother limiting your rights and were once a conservative against national ID cards, ask yourself if you're really conservative or just a populist reactionary or a democracy-fearing bigot gaslit by self-interested autocrats, plutocrats, self-dealing politicians, racist demagogues and millionare radio and TV charlatans. Motor-voter is the best practical democratic compromise between two american factions who disagree fundamentally on how to protect our sacred right to vote.


September 11-14 Sheraton and Westin Resort Fiji.
The summit is an annual event dedicated to partners in South Asia, to get up to speed on trends and developments in the industry, and share with partners meaningful delivery of digital transformation for customers.
This year, the Summit will cascade the Global Partner Summit's agenda and " Make it Real " for South Asian partner community. We will discuss new developments in our Partner Programthat support business profitability – incentives, product refresh and services , all designed to fast-track delivery of digital, IT, security and workforce transformation for customers, and empower partner's business growth.
Let's "Make it Real" in Fiji. Au bolei iko!
Previous PostNT&T is co sponsor for the annual conference of Ho Chi Minh Computer Association.


Rachel Hannah Weisz (pronounced /'re?t??l 'va?s/ "vice"; born 7 March 1970) is an English actress. She gained wide public recognition after her portrayal of Evelyn "Evy" Carnahan-O'Connell in the Hollywood films The Mummy and The Mummy Returns. In 2001, she starred opposite Hugh Grant in the hit About a Boy and continued to garner leading roles in Hollywood productions. Her performance in The Constant Gardener (2005) won her the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, along with other major motion picture awards.
Weisz was born in Westminster, England, and grew up in the Hampstead Garden Suburb. Her mother, Edith Ruth (née Teich), is a Vienna-born Austrian teacher turned psychotherapist. Her father, George Weisz, is a Hungarian-born inventor whose family fled to England to escape Nazi persecution. Weisz's father is Ashkenazi Jewish and her mother has been referred to as either Catholic, Jewish, having Jewish ancestry, and being of part Italian descent. Weisz was raised in a cerebral Jewish household and refers to herself as Jewish. Weisz has a sister, Minnie Weisz, who is an artist.
Weisz was educated at the independent North London Collegiate School. She later attended the independent Benenden School and then enrolled at the independent St Paul's Girls' School. She then entered Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where she graduated with a 2:1 in English. During her university years she appeared in various student productions, co-founding a student drama group called Cambridge Talking Tongues, which went on to win a Guardian Student Drama Award at the Edinburgh Festival for an improvised piece called Slight Possession.


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Lawmakers' Step Back Toward Disclosure Driven By Optics
ROBERT SIEGEL, HOST:
VA Bill Was An Easy Sell, But Some Senators Still Feel Sticker Shock
From The Border To The Hill, Influx Of Immigrant Kids Draws Concern
MELISSA BLOCK, HOST:
Rep. Murphy Aims For Mental Health Bill To Pass Before Next Shooting
On a Friday, this is MORNING EDITION from NPR News. Good morning, I'm David Greene.
The Executioner's Lament
By Laura Sullivan • May 8, 2014
In 1977, death row inmate Gary Mark Gilmore chose to be executed by a firing squad. Gilmore was strapped to a chair at the Utah State Prison, and five officers shot him.
The media circus that ensued prompted a group of lawmakers in nearby Oklahoma to wonder if there might be a better way to handle executions. They approached Dr. Jay Chapman, the state medical examiner at the time, who proposed using three drugs, based loosely on anesthesia procedures at the time: one drug to knock out the inmates, one to relax or paralyze them, and a final drug that would stop their hearts.
Effort To Force Treatment On Severely Mentally Ill Meets Resistance
Ed Kelley and his wife have three children. They live in a comfortable suburb of Baltimore. And for a long time their life seemed perfect.
"We were churchgoing; we were involved in the community. We had a very close-knit family all around us."
And he adored his 14-year-old son.
"He was funny, he was getting good grades, he loved playing sports; he was so humorous. Actually for the longest time he was sort of the center of the family."
Enforcing Prison Rape Elimination Standards Proves Tricky
By Laura Sullivan • Apr 2, 2014
On a recent day at the Maryland Correctional Institution for Women, inmates in jumpsuits peek out of their cells to see three men with clipboards walk into the housing unit. These men are auditors doing a practice inspection. They're here to see if the facility complies with a federal law called the Prison Rape Elimination Act, or PREA.
Lawmakers Seek To Lay Roadblock To Powerful Painkiller
From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Melissa Block.
Government's Empty Buildings Are Costing Taxpayers Billions
On a street corner in downtown Washington, D.C., David Wise is opening a century-old iron gate in front of an old, boarded-up brick building.
Wise is an investigator for the Government Accountability Office, the government's watchdog group. His mission is to figure out why the government owns so many buildings, like this one, that it doesn't use.
Critics Question FDA's Approval Of Zohydro
By Laura Sullivan • Feb 26, 2014
This is MORNING EDITION from NPR News. I'm Renee Montagne.
And I'm David Greene, good morning.
Missouri Execution Stalled Over Lethal Drugs In Short Supply
A few years ago, Missouri, like other states, was having trouble finding lethal execution drugs. Europe was balking, and U.S. drug manufacturers didn't want a part of it.
So Missouri turned to a place called a compounding pharmacy to make up the needed drugs based on the ingredients. Missouri officials sent an employee to a place called The Apothecary Shoppe in Oklahoma, with thousands of dollars in cash.
Last week, George Lombardi, director of Missouri's Department of Corrections, explained to lawmakers why his employees had to go to such lengths.
To Rent Or Buy? For The Federal Government, It's Complicated
The Bureau of Indian Affairs has been in the hot seat in recent weeks for mishandling the leases for some of its office space. The Department of the Interior's inspector general found that BIA violated multiple rules, including overpaying for space and renting too much of it — in some cases without government authority to do so.
In all, the report found the BIA actions will cost taxpayers $32 million.
Spike In Heroin Use Can Be Traced To Prescription Pads
By Laura Sullivan • Feb 4, 2014
The death of actor Philip Seymour Hoffman has brought attention to a grim reality of drug abuse in America — most notably with the increasing use of heroin.
Hoffman was found dead in his apartment on Sunday, and New York police are investigating his death as a possible drug overdose. Hoffman struggled with drug addiction throughout his career.
Exonerations On The Rise, And Not Just Because Of DNA
2013 was a record-breaking year for exonerations in the United States, according to statistics compiled by the National Registry of Exonerations.
At least 87 people were set free for crimes they did not commit last year, the highest number since researchers began keeping track more than 20 years ago. Some of those people spent decades in prison before release.
Why Small Town Mayors Face Multiple Disadvantages
Gentrification May Actually Be Boon To Longtime Residents
Bobby Foster Jr. can often be found reading the paper on a wooden bench outside Murry's grocery store on the corner of Sixth and H streets northeast in Washington, D.C.
"The sun shines over here this time of day," says Foster, a retired cook. "It's always good when the sun shines."
Murry's has been an anchor in this neighborhood for decades — during the crack wars of the 1980s and the urban blight that followed, when most other businesses packed up and left. Foster has been somewhat of an anchor, too. He's lived here for 54 years.
Mentally Ill Are Often Locked Up In Jails That Can't Help
Cook County, Ill., Sheriff Tom Dart walks the halls of his jail every day. With 10,000 inmates, this place is a small city — except a third of the people here are mentally ill.
Dart has created some of the most innovative programs in the country to handle mentally ill inmates, hiring doctors and psychologists, and training staff. But if you ask anyone here, even this jail is barely managing.
"I can't conceive of anything more ridiculously stupid by government than to do what we're doing right now," Dart says.
Police, Banks Help Undocumented Workers Shake 'Walking ATM' Label
On a recent Friday evening in Langley Park, Md., police officer Juan Damian drives his patrol car past fast food restaurants, discount stores and Hispanic groceries.
Damian estimates that at least two-thirds of the people here are undocumented, and that has made it a magnet for robberies over the years. Gangs know undocumented day workers are especially lucrative targets, he says. Their pockets are often stuffed with a day's or even a week's worth of wages. The street term for these men: "walking ATMs."
A Night At The Rock: Former Alcatraz Inmate Journeys Back
By Laura Sullivan • Oct 14, 2013
For 29 years, Alcatraz — the notorious prison off the coast of San Francisco — housed some of the nation's worst criminals: Al Capone, Machine Gun Kelly, Birdman Robert Stroud.
Today, 50 years after it closed, it's a museum. And earlier this year, the National Park Service gave Bill Baker, a former inmate, special permission to stay the night in his old cell. He was 24 when he was transferred to The Rock. Today, he's 80.
South Dakota Officials Miss Historic Meeting With Tribes
This is MORNING EDITION from NPR News. I'm David Greene.
And I'm Steve Inskeep.


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Part of HuffPost Impact. ©2020 Verizon Media. All rights reserved.
Todd Greene, Contributor
Inventor and founder of HeadBlade
Not Cool -- the Unlucky Kickstarter Backers Behind the Coolest Cooler
11/24/2015 05:04 pm ET Updated Nov 24, 2016
I understand and appreciate what it takes to start a business from scratch.
I started mine out of my apartment in 1999 with an idea for a unique and novel head-shaver (called HeadBlade) and a little over $150K in start-up funds. I had to learn, quickly and on the fly, what it meant to take an idea and turn it into an actual product. I was naïve but determined. Once I had the 'final' prototype in hand, I though the hardest part was over.
It had only begun. But fortunately my investors consisted of two friends and my father; none of who were headshavers. They did not invest in the product; they invested in me.
Which brings me to the Coolest Cooler; I'm one of the original 60,000 backers of their record-breaking Kickstarter campaign. Each of us paid around $200 (once the goal was successfully met). In all, over $13 MILLION dollars were raised in August of 2014. I'm sure it felt as though they had struck gold and the hard part (raising money) was over. All double rainbows here on out, I'm sure they thought. The projected final product ship date was a very ambitious February, of 2015. If you know what it takes to make a retail product, you can conservatively add six months to that delivery date and still feel pressed.
The video, presented by owner Ryan Grepper, showed a very novel, and cool take on the traditional picnic cooler. No real technological advancements were introduced; most of the key elements of the cooler were combining things like Bluetooth speakers, a portable blender, stored kitchenware, heavy duty wheels, and putting it all under one roof, or in this case, in one fabulously overloaded cooler. It really was a party on wheels.
Ryan and his small team raised many times over their original goal ($50,000), which is good, because you can't produce a product like that without creating molds and they usually will cost $10,000-$15,000 per piece. The original Cooler appeared to be made from about 30 molds. There were a lot of other components that had to be sourced and some would not be cheap (blender motor, battery, speaker. Not to mention shipping such large items from China...then sending individually to each investor). Someone do the math; but it's clear they didn't.
Spoiler alert: Ryan and his team did not make the February ship date. It's now November 23rd and many backers haven't received their initial purchase. Myself included.
So why the blog? With their recent "Campaign Updates" Kickstarter's star pupil is now probably their most troubled alumnus.
As the project and delays rolled on, Grepper and his team infuriated the initial backers to a point that talk of a class action lawsuit has surfaced. Sure, some original backers have received their orders but a recent "strike at the blender motor factory" has stopped any more items being shipped.
But somehow that did not stop Ryan and his team from selling the Coolest Cooler on Amazon for $500 along with a PR push that seems to be in full swing. In the past month the Cooler has had some MAJOR TV press, including The Today Show. Just in time for the holiday season.
His justification to backers? We're out of money and we need to sell on Amazon to "Keep the lights on."
It's obvious he made a decision to push the original backers aside in order to make the quick buck. It's not about the lights... it's about losing holiday sales. Plain and simple. Some companies make as much as 50% of their yearly revenue during the holidays. Ryan and his team had to make a decision concerning the inventory they had available and with some great TV coverage why not capitalize? The rationale must be that original backers can't demand the product in time for Christmas; only those who pay full retail have that right. Backers can wait, the holidays can't.
The issue I have is the wording in their 2014 campaign that clearly states the investors get theirs FIRST. No asterisk, no other stipulations. Unambiguously it read, "People who back the project on Kickstarter get to have the very first Coolest Coolers." Period.
When Ryan was basking in the money and had the highest funded Kickstarter Campaign he seemed to be available for any press. Giving interviews left and right. Now that times have changed, and he has alienated his original backers with some very bad decisions, only to suffer the huge backlash, he hasn't been available for comment. He's probably off somewhere on a desert isle with his invention, listening to a violin concerto over nifty Bluetooth speakers, sitting next to his pal Nero.
The thing to remember, for all involved, including Ryan, is that you are backing a product, not investing In a person or company. This makes all the difference when the game is on the line.
Amazon Technology Kick Starter Bluetooth Speakers


One way to look at OXIDE is to consider it a work by a photographer, wandering the streets of a fictional city. We are provided with lots of descriptive evidence, but not much explanation. It's a setting for a story, without the story. It's clear, however, the place is kind of funny, kind of sad and definitely askew. For instance, the section titled "The Academy" depicts what appears to be a university campus that, instead of being composed of traditional academic buildings, is made up largely of repurposed, sometimes dilapidated structures and box cars. In fact, the inhabitants of this academic world often seem to get things a little wrong, at least by our yardstick. The study of Romance Languages has nothing to do with love, and there is no such thing as a Department of Chronological Science, etc. Other sections of town are depicted in a similar fashion with a similar propensity for misunderstanding and alternate customs. OXIDE is divided into thematic sections, or chapters, and upon closer reading the viewer will find cross references and repeated themes. One can flip through the book and peruse the pictures, but it's more rewarding to indulge in a closer reading. All pictures are composites, typically made up of a base photograph with added text or iconography.