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Home Arts & Entertainment An Emmy's preview: 'Breaking Bad' is king
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An Emmy's preview: 'Breaking Bad' is king
By Signal Contributor
By Karl Delossantos
There is no mistaking that we live in the Golden Age of television. No matter what network, medium or genre, the programs that have been produced in the last few years have been some of the most acclaimed and talked about in a long time. However, this is the very same reason that makes predicting front-runners for this year's Emmy awards so difficult.
On Sunday, Sept. 22, we will find out who is the toast of Hollywood in today's hottest industry. But here, we get a sense of who has the edge, and who should maybe stay home this year.
In the race for Best Actor in a Drama, 'Breaking Bad's' Bryan Cranston is the danger. (AP Photo)
Arguably one of the intense races of the night has to be the award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series. I wouldn't be surprised to see any five of the six nominees make the walk up to the stage. However, I am giving the edge to three-time winner Bryan Cranston of "Breaking Bad." Despite losing last year to "Homeland's" Damian Lewis, who is competing for the same award, Cranston has the buzz of the final season and a strong episode submission to back his campaign. But let's face it, no one wants to see Heisenberg lose anyway.
Lewis's co-star Claire Danes has yet to lose a major award for her portrayal as a bipolar CIA agent on "Homeland," but Vera Farmiga may be the one to end her streak. Farmiga plays the infamous Norma Bates on the "Psycho" prequel "Bates Motel." Her Oscar nominee status coupled with a tour-de-force submission performance gives her a slight edge over Danes.
Other expected winners in the drama category are "Breaking Bad's" Anna Gunn, who just edges out the legendary Maggie "stay-at-home" Smith and "Homeland's" Mandy Patinkin. Patinkin was egregiously snubbed of a nomination last year, and the cycle could repeat on Sunday.
As one of the greatest drama series ever created comes to a close, we realize that they have never won the top prize. "Breaking Bad" has a lot going for it this year: the buzz from their final and most acclaimed season, a relentless and loyal fan base, and the fact that they have somehow never won in the Best Drama category. If they are going to win, it's clearly now or never, and I'm thinking it's now.
Another series that is in its final year is also in contention on the comedy side. "30 Rock" won three consecutive years in a row, but now they have to take down three-time winner and current champ "Modern Family." It's unlikely for "30 Rock," but "Louie" may be the dark horse in this race. Louis C.K. is also poised to take the award for Lead Comedy Actor from just under Alec Baldwin's nose.
Neil Patrick Harris is set to host this year's Emmy awards. (AP Photo)
As the bumbling vice president in "Veep," actress Julia Louis Dreyfus is all too perfect to pass up for a nomination, and the Emmy's didn't. As reigning champ, she does have a slight lead, but Amy Poehler and Tina Fey won't go down without a fight. Poehler is probably one of the most overdue actors/producers/writers, so her triumph this year would be gratification to an industry that obviously cherishes her. Fey returns for one last shot in the same category, and with the series finale backing her nomination, she has quite a good chance.
Jane Krakowski from "30 Rock" and Ed O'Neill from "Modern Family" may also get their dues for their supporting performances, but neither is close to a lock in these tight races.
All in all, this is going to be an unpredictable Emmy ceremony. With Neil Patrick Harris at the helm, we are at least ensured an entertaining show. But will the winners be satisfying? We try to predict the winners as best we can, yet voters seem to always go with what's familiar. Hopefully that changes this year and we get a new crop of fresh-faced Emmy winners.
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APAC relies on a central team of highly experienced people. In addition to these we have a large number of space industry experts who have skill in a wide variety of crossover disciplines within engineering, law, and banking and finance.
Kirby Ikin is the Managing Director of Asia Pacific Aerospace Consultants (APAC), located in Sydney, Australia. He has worked in the space industry since 1987.
Prior to his role with APAC Kirby worked directly in the space insurance, risk management, and commercial space fields. For ten years he worked as a space insurance underwriter at GIO in Australia and in 1998 was appointed Managing Director of the newly created GIO Space. GIO Space was one of the largest space insurance underwriters in the world with annual premium income of over A$175m (approximately US$110m at the time).
After GIO Kirby then worked as the Director of Commercial Operations at the Asia-Pacific Space Centre (APSC). At APSC he was responsible for all aspects of its planned commercial operations with a special emphasis on risk management for the venture, which aimed to introduce the Russian Aurora launch vehicle to the commercial launch market. He also had responsibility for the preparation of the Information Memorandum to support a planned raising of $300m in funding.
Kirby has a long and varied involvement within the Australian Space Industry and has held executive positions with various space interest groups. Currently he is the Chairman of the Board of the U.S. based, worldwide National Space Society (NSS), having succeeded Apollo XI astronaut Buzz Aldrin in this position.
Kirby's professional career has seen him working in the areas of corporate advisory services, insurance and risk management, and commercial launch services. As an accounting professional in the late 1980's he instigated the formation of Ernst & Young's Space Industry Services Group in Australia. His work in this area included evaluation of opportunities to commercialise space research and provision of strategic advice to large United States aerospace corporations.
He served as a member of the Australian Government's 'International Space Advisory Group', which advised the Prime Minister's office on space policy and industry development through 2004. He also serves on the Board of Advisors of several commercial space concerns and Board of Trustees for the Argos Foundation (USA). He has previously served on the Board of Directors of several space companies.
Through the National Space Society of Australia, Kirby instigated the establishment of the 'Australian Space Industry Chamber of Commerce' (ASICC), which meets regularly to discuss business, legal and commercial space related issues. He continues to serve as its Chairman as he has done since its foundation in 1992.
In his capacity with the National Space Society Kirby has been Chairman of the Australian Space Development Conference series since its inception in 1990.
In 2000 Kirby was selected as a member of the World Technology Network and acts as a judge for the Space category of the World Technology Awards.
In 1990 he was appointed to the NSW State Government Task Force on Aerospace, Space, and Defence Industry Development.
Kirby's professional qualifications include a Bachelor of Law degree and Bachelor of Commerce degree (in accounting and financial management) from the University of New South Wales.
In 1999 he was the recipient of the Australian Space Pioneer Award.
Please feel free to use our on-line enquiry form to contact Kirby Ikin.
Bill Barrett has over 25 years experience in the Space and Telecommunications industries. Prior to joining APAC he held senior positions in commercial management, marketing, business development and technical management for Hughes Space and Communications (now Boeing Satellite Systems) in Los Angeles and with OTC and Telstra in Australia with extensive experience in Asia. He has direct experience in all major elements of the space industry including satellite manufacture, ground stations, launch vehicles, satellite insurance, communication services via satellites and space policy and law.
Bill spent 5 years with Hughes in design engineering, project management and customer liaison roles for telecommunications satellites. He then spent 10 years at OTC (Australia's international telco) and Telstra in roles covering most aspects of telecommunications. At OTC his roles included commercial and marketing management of all international leased lines from Australia via satellite and undersea cables and management of Customer Premise Equipment and communications services contracts for corporate clients throughout Asia. He led the bid team to win the INTELSAT Satellite Tracking Ground Station facility and managed the INTELSAT facility, the ESA satellite tracking facility in Perth and contracts with NASA.
After the merger of OTC into Telstra, Bill became Business Manager, Asia-Pacific responsible for developing new telecommunications businesses for Telstra throughout Asia. He established new Intelligent Network businesses in the Philippines, Indonesia and Malaysia and won major network contracts in Hong Kong. He managed international strategy, performance improvement and regulatory issues (including interconnect) for Telstra's $500 million p.a. Intelligent Networks (IN) based Card Services & Payphones Product Portfolio including development of Internet based information services distributed through Internet Payphones.
Bill has strong Finance industry experience as a Director of the Telstra Credit Union and in corporate marketing roles at Telstra developing products with Visa and Asian banks. As Director, Technical and Business Management for GIO Space, one of the largest space insurance underwriters, he managed the risk evaluation of commercial satellites and launch vehicles. As General Manager, Commercial Operations for the Asia Pacific Space Centre, a start-up company developing the Russian Aurora rocket and launch site on Christmas Island, he developed the Information Memorandum with investment banks and led Australian based investor presentations.
Bill has extensive experience in space policy issues. During 1998 he led the industry lobby effort on the Australian Space Activities Bill and secured major changes before its passage into law. He served in the official Australian Delegation at the 3rd United Nations Conference on Outer Space (UNISPACE III) in 1999 as an expert advisor on commercial space matters. He was a member of Senator Chapman's Space Policy Advisory Group and is Deputy Chairman of the Australian Space Industry Chamber of Commerce (ASICC).
Bill has a Bachelor of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering and a Bachelor of Arts Degree in History from the University of Notre Dame (Indiana, USA) and Post-Graduate studies in Electrical Engineering and Physics at the Federal Polytechnic Institute in Zurich, Switzerland as a Rotary International Graduate Fellow.
Please feel free to use our on-line enquiry form to contact Bill Barrett.


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HAMBURG - Adam Murkowski was a teenager obsessed with deer hunting when he had his "a-ha moment" regarding his future.
He was sitting in a deer stand and a couple of does came sauntering through the woods and into his firing range. "I didn't have a doe permit," Murkowski said. "And I remember thinking, 'Somewhere, some guy was getting to tell me how many deer I could shoot.'"
The idea clicked in his mind, and he decided that some day he wanted to be that guy.
Today, Murkowski, 29, a graduate of Marathon High School and of the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, now is that guy — at least in the state of Minnesota. He started his new job as big-game program leader for the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources on Jan. 11. It's his responsibility to manage the deer and elk populations of the Gopher State. In other words, less than a decade after earning his bachelor's of science degree in wildlife management and ecology, he's now Minnesota's "deer czar."
It's not a title he's particularly comfortable with, he said.
"Yeah, a lot of people have told me that, but I don't feel much like a czar," Murkowski said. "I prefer to think of myself as being a humble public servant."
Murkowski is a trim, short man, with a mop of hair that gives him the look of a 19-year-old rather than a 29-year-old. But in addition to his intense dedication to deer hunting in all its forms, he's packed plenty of experience in research, policy building and public engagement in the past 10 years. He spoke about his new job Sunday while visiting his father's home in the town of Hamburg, near the area where he's spent so much time on the hunt for deer.
He replaced Leslie McInenly, also a graduate of UWSP. She was promoted to the Minnesota DNR's wildlife section's forest habitat team leader.
"Adam is passionate about deer and deer hunting, and I think he is particularly well-suited to our big-game job because of his interest in big game and his professional experience," said Steve Merchant, the Minn. DNR wildlife populations program manager. "He is well positioned to continue our approach of using science-based information and effective public engagement processes to manage Minnesota's white-tailed deer and other species."
In addition to his UWSP degree, Murkowski earned a master's degree in forest resources with a wildlife emphasis from the University of Arkansas-Monticello, where he worked on bear, deer and elk research. His resume also includes stints as the deer project leader in Vermont from 2012 to 2015, and since March, 2015, he worked for the Wisconsin DNR in Madison as assistant deer, bear and wolf ecologist.
Murkowski said his major goal will be to help guide the creation of Minnesota's first-ever deer management plan. Another top priority will be to do all that's possible to protect Minnesota wild deer from chronic wasting disease, a contagious ailment that can decimate herds.
"Minnesota has got something more precious than gold," Murkowski said. "And that's a good, healthy deer herd. ... What do I want to see happen? I want to bring hunters together to keep Minnesota's deer healthy."
That will be a challenge. "Deer hunters are passionate people, no matter where they come from," Murkowski said. He sees his job as creating partnerships and situations where hunters, landowners and animals all come out as winners.
And right now, Murkowski is approaching the job like he approaches a hunt. He's getting to know the lay of the land.


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Public asked to help count turkeys
Updated: 5:52 AM EST Feb 17, 2020
OFFICERS SAY SPEED WAS A FACTOR. ERIN: NEW THIS MORNING, THE FISH AND GAME DEPARTMENT NEEDS YOUR HELP TO COUNT TURKEYS. OFFICIALS ARE ASKING ALL OF US TO REPORT ANY WILD TURKEY SIGHTINGS THROUGH THE END OF MARCH FOR THE ANNUAL WINTER FLOCK SURVEY.
It's time to count the turkeys again.The New Hampshire Fish and Game Department is asking the public to report sightings of wild turkeys through March 31 for its annual winter flock survey.Last year, the department got 486 reports totaling 9,833 birds. Officials say that was fewer than the previous year, likely because turkeys were on the move. With relatively little snow, turkeys were able to move around more and weren't staying in one place to be counted.Participants are asked to report the number of turkeys in the flock, their location, the type of habitat the birds were observed in, and what the turkeys were feeding on. Officials also are interested in any signs of two viruses that have appeared in turkeys in recent years, with symptoms including warty protuberances in the head and eye area.Wild turkeys had disappeared from the state after over-hunting and habitat loss in the 1800s but have rebounded to an estimated population of 40,000.For more information about how to participate in the count, visit Fish & Game's website
CONCORD, N.H. —
It's time to count the turkeys again.
The New Hampshire Fish and Game Department is asking the public to report sightings of wild turkeys through March 31 for its annual winter flock survey.
Last year, the department got 486 reports totaling 9,833 birds. Officials say that was fewer than the previous year, likely because turkeys were on the move. With relatively little snow, turkeys were able to move around more and weren't staying in one place to be counted.
Participants are asked to report the number of turkeys in the flock, their location, the type of habitat the birds were observed in, and what the turkeys were feeding on. Officials also are interested in any signs of two viruses that have appeared in turkeys in recent years, with symptoms including warty protuberances in the head and eye area.
Wild turkeys had disappeared from the state after over-hunting and habitat loss in the 1800s but have rebounded to an estimated population of 40,000.
For more information about how to participate in the count, visit Fish & Game's website
WMUR Manchester
©2021, Hearst Television Inc. on behalf of WMUR-TV.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Indian Westerlies
Foreign trade of India, policies, economics and such...
Global Value Chains and India: Policy perspectives and challenges
October 24, 2015 / Tirumala Venkatesh Kaggundi / No comments
(This post originally appeared in the World Trade Centre Bangalore newsletter)
The engraving on the back of my phone reads: 'Designed in California; Assembled in China'. It skips the in betweens, as to where the components and sub-assemblies came from. If they indeed decide to do the full list, it might fill the entire back case. On an iPhone, which is designed by Apple in California, the component sourcing will take us through ASEAN, Japan and many other countries. Some of the software and technology that goes into it might again come from US, Germany and other countries. Though the iPhone is finally assembled in China, the value addition by Chinese is less than 10% for each phone shipped out of that country. The value addition is different for other brands of smartphones, depending on sourcing patterns. This is an example of Global Value Chain (GVC) at work, smartphone GVC in this case. GVCs have changed the way one thinks about international trade and related policy making.
Industrial clusters plugs into GVCs. China has shown in last three decades that clustering of similar industries lead to synergies resulting in faster development of the entire sector. The resulting whole is bigger than the sum of its parts. China has spent considerable efforts in developing such clusters by way of SEZs and otherwise. Apart from conscious sectoral push by the Governments, clustering also results when a big firm decides to pitch base at one place, bringing all its suppliers and vendors along to tent nearby. Imagine a Toyota coming into the outskirts of Bangalore and getting most of its primary vendors into Bangalore and nearby areas. Or in coming future, one might imagine a Foxconn trying to set up manufacturing base in India, bringing along its main suppliers. Clustering might also happen spontaneously, like in Silicon Valley, where precipitating conditions required for such development exist. Industrial clustering as a policy tool needs careful thinking again. Our SEZ policy shows how this shouldn't be done.
Containerisation and globalisation has hastened the process of evolution of GVCs in the last two decades. GVCs have contributed significantly to the development of ASEAN region and China. Countries that integrate themselves to the GVCs get upgraded in terms of technology, as they have to comply with the best international practices in production and quality maintenance. When GVCs encompass industrial clusters, which usually happens for products in late growth and mature stages of product lifecycle, it leads to economies of scale which cannot be easily replicated. The mass manufactured electronic components coming out of such arrangements get sold at price points that wipes out competition relying on alternative strategies. The clustering also leads to faster adoption of process innovations and best practices as the human resource, which is mobile between clustered firms, acts as idea pollinator.
In short, there is no disputing the importance of GVCs and industrial clusters specialising in sectors of manufacturing in the globalised economy. An unplugged country stands to lose heavily and risks being left behind. There are hardly any products, except commodities and low value added agriculture products, that are not produced in value chains spread across countries. From aeroplanes and mobiles to the clothes and shoes we wear and the pills we pop, almost everything comes out of such value chains.
An analysis of India's Foreign Value Added share in Gross exports over years shows that India is being drawn, willy-nilly, into integrating into the these value chains. This development was also acknowledged in the latest Economic Survey.
A sectoral analysis of trade in intermediates show that the GVC integration spreads across sectors, except agriculture, mining and metals, where the trade in intermediates is not as significant as in some other sectors. Services integration, appears low at present based on this approach of data collection, is going to grow with time as better policy arrangements are put in place internationally through region trade agreements and multilateral arrangements. The trend in services integration is positive for India.
The data points that we are 'almost' there when it comes to integrating with the GVCs of the world. However, it also reveals the challenges. Most of our achievements came during easy times, before 2009, and the progress thereafter has been lacklustre.
Today, we are in a tricky situation. For the past few decades, upto the financial crisis, international trade grew at a rate of around 7% a year, which was almost double the rate of growth of world GDP. Post financial crisis, the trade growth has remained sluggish, and for the last couple of years it has grown at around 3 percent, lesser than the pace of world GDP growth. In terms of trade to GDP share too, the world trade rose from around 40% of world GDP in the early 90s to peak at around 61% in 2011. It has now fallen to around 60%. A rise in 1 percent in global income would have lead to around 2.2 percent of increase in world trade in the 90s, but it lead to a growth of just 1.3 percent in the 2000s. This has fallen further after the financial crisis. This had lead to the theory that the world trade has 'peaked'.
While economists like Paul Krugman deny the peaking theory, there is a significant risk arising out of slowing trade. One of the theories advanced by IMF (http://goo.gl/IXxy3C) regarding underlying causes for the above pertain to saturation of Global Value Chains. There is good evidence that the phenomenon of fragmentation of manufacturing process that enabled development of GVCs has matured during early 2000s. Further discretisation of manufacturing stages might not happen at the earlier pace.
This would mean that we might be entering a stage where we will have countries trying to capture more share of different GVCs, across sectors, at the cost of others. Also, countries would try to move up the value chain by trying to capture more stages to themselves. To cite an example, Chinese imports of intermediates has fallen from 60% to 35% in last 15 years. The commensurate increase seen in domestic value added percentage in China's exports vindicates the theory. We also see indigenous Chinese smartphone manufacturers such as Xiaomi sprouting up who operate at the top of the pecking order in the value chain.
This development puts industries involved in GVCs from India in a peculiar position. Given the fact that the exports from India has stayed stagnant for last few years, the issue is serious not only for the industry or firms, but also for the economy. The solution lies in some innovative and radical departure from earlier way of thinking for both industries and policymakers.
Industries participating in GVCs face challenges that are different from purely domestic firms that cater to local market. A tariff wall that helps a purely domestic firm from competition abroad, might act as a barrier for a firm trying to participate in GVC. Also, a small duty at the border might amplify adversely if the good shuttles multiple times at different stages of production. Therefore, the line of thinking that we need to protect our industries by erecting tariff barriers is dangerous for sectors in which there is potential to participate in GVCs. While I don't suggest that we jump to near zero tariffs from tomorrow, a careful cost-benefit analysis is needed and undue fears of killing domestic industries need to assessed realistically. The negative approach taken by India at the recently concluded ITA-II agreement at WTO, where we declined to agree for tariff reductions in electronic hardware items, needs a serious rethink.
At the second stage, India needs to engage in developing cohesive regulatory regime, with uniform technical and quality standards built into its regional trade agreements. We should focus on developing and engaging in regional value chains that complement GVCs. While a lot of discussion happens on tariff lines and relative comparative advantages, the points on not so easily quantifiable non-tariff barriers get a short change. A poorly drafted quality standard, which acts as a technical barrier and adds to the costs at the border, might throw a domestic firm out of the GVC. A poor IP law would keep high technology products away from the country for the fear of getting copied.
Thirdly, any initiative that eases transaction time and cost at the border, and within, would provide significant advantage. The firms in the GVCs need to maintain just-in-time delivery schedules and border harassment, whether by customs or myriad inspection and licensing agencies, is suicidal. While infrastructure improvements such as power, roads and ports is a medium to long term issue, one can start focusing on cutting down on documentation and trade facilitation at the border as an immediate measure. India's stand to go ahead with Trade Facilitation Agreement at WTO is significant if implement in true spirit.
The recent initiative of make-in-India, when dovetailed with National Investment and Manufacturing Zones, can lead to significant clustering effect. This needs good investment climate to succeed, and the Govt. appears to be making serious efforts in this regard.
Similarly, Skill India might play an important role too. The trained human resource is a pre-requisite for moving up the value chains or to capture more parts of it. Demographic dividend and the energy of young population of India needs to be harvested through such measures. Availability of trained human resource is a factor that cannot be easily replicated or transferred across borders.
Finally, any amount of unilateral policy efforts by the Government would not suffice if industry plays sleeping partner. Being the primary stakeholders in a punishing market economy, industries need to work with the Government, by providing timely inputs regarding developments in the sector and by covering emerging issues. While the policy might act with a lag, or the policymakers might be oblivious to the latest, the industry cannot afford to nap on developments.
To sum up, while it might be a fact that GVCs have matured and trade might have peaked or saddling, there still is ample scope for moving up the product value chains and to capture more bits of it by careful strategising. A significant country like India, apart from depending on domestic consumption demand, should also focus on this aspect. While it might not be an export led growth story all over again, it might be a case study on value chain domination through better policymaking. A side effect would of course be better export performance.
General, Trade Policy
How TPP affects India's exports - or doesn't
Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) was finalised recently between the 12 pacific rim countries.
Donald Trump hates it and calls the deal terrible. Paul Krugman doesn't like it very much and calls himself a 'lukewarm opponent' of the deal. These two exist at either ends on the scale of knowledge of international economics. And both oppose the deal. Hillary Clinton falls somewhere in between, she opposes too. Everyone, except Obama and the trade ministers who agreed for the deal seem to be opposing. Even the so called industrial lobbies, pharma, tobacco and such, who hoped to get a secret sweet deal for themselves, are opposing. I am yet to see a trade-deal that was opposed by so many and is still going ahead. Funnily enough, I see that some in India are rueing that they are left out. Probably that explains as to why Indian trade minister insists that "we are not left out". One wonders how.
TPP is not another ordinary deal. It tries to push the envelop on regulatory coherence, pushes boundaries of intellectual property regime and secretly aims to hand over the monopoly to industrial giants in fields such as pharma, tobacco, auto and other sectors. While couched in regular terms of economic development, free trade and such, it is a strong push by industrial lobbies to get their way in a globalised world. The lobbies have the heaviest footprint on the deal, probably stronger than any individual country, including US. US Congress had reservations about the secrecy surrounding negotiations and the clauses that made the deal to be kept secret even after ratification for few years.
Prima-facie, despite all misgivings, I feel the recently concluded deal is not as monstrous as some make it out to be. The details are yet to be revealed fully, but the draconian IP and regulatory requirements do not seem to be as bad as one earlier thought. Probably that explains why industries are protesting.
For a country like India, we are not yet at the level to engage into agreements like TPP. Our bureaucrats are at the infancy of understanding of complex trade deals in economic terms. We are still a tariff heavy developing nation. Our institutions on IP and regulatory matters are still developing. Our red tape beats any non-tariff barrier one might imagine. And our farmers, though supported, are not subsidised to the level of US or some European countries. Our Pharma sector is doing well, and we have our own way of working on Pharma IP requirements; which by the way, has helped many LDCs. At this stage, for India to even consider joining a deal like TPP is not wise.
In coming days, the deal needs to be ratified in country after country, and as the details spill out, it might hold lessons for many of us who are observing from the side. Till then, it would be meaningless to predict whether TPP affects India's exports or not.
Trade Policy, WTO/RTAs
Tirumala Venkatesh Kaggundi
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Global Value Chains and India: Policy perspectives...
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30 March - 2 April 2017, Victoria House, Holborn WC1A.
I exhibited at an excellent TOAF last week. Met fantastically talented artists and really interested and interesting art buyers.
I managed to sell a total of nine etchings from the Silent Voices series, seven paintings and two framed etchings.
One of the reasons exhibiting at art fairs is such an important experience is the feedback you get from public.
('New Northumberland' at The Old School Gallery running from April 28 till June 9 2017).
Very much hope to see you at TOAF this October.


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Drone generator based on the TR-808's cymbals. It consists of six oscillators, tuned to different fixed frequencies, that go through one common low pass filter.
The six square wave oscillators are tuned to following fixed frequencies: 119Hz, 176Hz, 214Hz, 303Hz, 363Hz and 666Hz. Each oscillator's volume can be set with an individual potentiometer.
The oscillator mix passes a resonant 12dB/octave lowpass filter that's cutoff frequency can be either controlled by a potentiometer or a voltage.


At RING jewellers in Brighton, every piece of jewellery is created around you.
Many jewellers will have something you like, but will they have something you love? Get your dream piece of jewellery, designed especially for you. Whether it's a diamond engagement ring, a wedding ring, or a special gift - our jewellery is designed to fit the occasion, and your life, perfectly.
"Isn't that expensive?" we hear you ask. Well in short, no! We base our prices on metal weights, gemstone sizes & quality. This means that although labour costs are part of the jewellery we sell, there are no hefty bespoke fees as with other stores. In fact, our bespoke jewellery can often cost less than a ring from a jewellers window.
If you do fall in love with a bespoke design that's over budget, that's not a problem either - we'll simply give options of other metals, gemstone sizes and grades and look for a way to create your dream design at a fraction of the price, without compromising on quality.
Choose a stone - choose a setting - choose a metal - choose a finish - choose RING.
WHAT IF I DON'T LIKE THE FINISHED PIECE?
Tough luck.....No not really! This is an understandable concern and a question we've heard before. The answer is simple, RING jewellers guarantee you will be happy with the finished bespoke piece.
If, when the jewellery is complete, you want anything to be changed, we will carry out all amendments free of charge - ensuring you are 100% happy with your statement piece.
Alterations can range from a simple size adjustment, right up to a total remake. The only time you would need to pay extra is if you decide to add gemstones or metal weight. This guarantee gives our customers total peace of mind throughout the design and making process - we take pride in turning your dream design into a reality.
Which colour metal do you prefer?
I can't recommend RING Jewellers enough. They created my engagement ring and both of our wedding bands; we couldn't be happier with them. The designs are stunning and totally unique, everyone compliments my ring and I get to tell them it's one of a kind! The team are a delight to work with - very friendly and answered all of my questions cheerfully. I can't wait to get married and wear both of my very special rings for the rest of my life!
The staff are knowledgeable and very courteous. My ring was resized and polished within a few hours. Excellent service.
Excellent service from highly professional, polite and extremely helpful staff, I was a little apprehensive about posting a precious piece of jewellery though the post for remodelling. I needn't have worried I am absolutely thrilled with the beautiful result, they have done a spectacular job at Ring and I would very highly recommend them to anyone, thank you all once again the great staff at Ring.
Just received my wedding ring that was made to replace the one I lost, the ring is absolutely perfect, the finish is faultless and it fits perfectly. From my first call to the shop, to having it fitted the staff have been great, friendly, professional and offering well thought out advice. I knew exactly what I wanted and they explained what would and wouldn't work, listening to my requests and making sure the finished result was what I had in mind. You can buy a wedding band in just about any jewellers or for the same cost you can get one made by Ring that will fit perfectly and include those little details that make it special. You spend a lot of money on a wedding the ring is the part you'll have with you long after the day so it's worth getting one that means as much as possible. To all the staff at Ring, I'd like to say well done and thank you.
I just wanted to say a massive thank you for the fantastic work you did creating our wedding bands. They look amazing and unique and get so many compliments from everybody. You did an especially great job at modelling my ring to fit around my engagement ring. The team are knowledgeable and very friendly and worked with us to create designs we loved within our budget. Would highly recommend you and look forward to visiting soon!
We had our wedding bands made here and they were beautifully made to order based on their unique designs. I then had my engagement ring melted down and completely re made here after the original design (made by a jeweller in Hatton gardens) was found to be defective. They did an incredible job. I have also had other jewellery remade here and have recommended to friends and family who have also had jewellery made or remodelled here. I can highly recommend this place because the craftsmanship is excellent, the staff are very honest and professional and they are reasonably priced. Thanks Ring Jewellers!
Absolutely delighted with the ring RING Jewellers made for me. They took two old family rings that I never wore and made them into one single ring that hasn't left my finger since it arrived. I wasn't totally sure what I wanted but they gave clear and confident guidance. Recommended!
5 stars doesn't do Ring and it's staff justice. Having lost my wedding ring they worked tirelessly to get me an exact replacement. Their communication was first class and their compassion for my loss was reflected in a small discount, a really nice touch! If you want to buy from somewhere where the aftersales service is even better than the sales service (rare these days), Ring is definitely the place for you.