The water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) is a type of sedge that is found growing in tropical wetlands of the world. They are simple to grow, highly productive, and nutritious. As well as providing food for you, they yield a decent amount of straw as well as providing habitat for frogs and water insects, all in all they are an excellent permaculture vegetable.
I always wanted to grow water chestnuts, but was never able to find any to plant. People often comment that they are cheap to buy from supermarkets so they are not worth growing, but I have never seen them for sale except in cans. I have no idea what chemicals are used on the water chestnuts that I do buy in a can. I do not know where they grow, how far they have traveled to reach me, how they are grown, or anything like that so growing my own water chestnuts organically seems like a sensible approach.
I have heard of a lot of different ways to grow water chestnuts, and I have heard a lot of people complain that they tried to grow them and failed miserably. So I thought I would write a post about how I grow them, this is not necessarily the best way, but it works for me and requires very little time and effort.
The first mistake people make is rotting the dormant water chestnut corms. I plant the corms in a small pot or punnet and keep it reasonably damp until they sprout. I used 10cm square pots that we had in the shed, I put the cheapest potting mix in and planted the corms so that they were not quite touching each other. I do not make it any more damp than I would if I were germinating tomato seeds. If you put the corms under water prior to them sprouting I believe that they will mostly rot and die. I planted them in late winter/early spring and kept them away from frost.
I then watered like I would any seedling until they were about 5cm tall. At this stage I put the pot in an ice cream container and filled water half way up the pot, a few days later I put water up to the top of the pot so that the soil level was at the water level. I then left the water level there for a few weeks. This gives the water chestnut a chance to grow roots and the leaves start to collect energy for the plant ready for the next step.
People make a few mistakes in the nest step, they make the water too deep and they do not use enough soil. Water chestnuts grow in soil, that is where they produce their crop, so if there is not enough soil then they will produce a small crop or a crop of very small corms. They are an emergent plant, which means that while the roots are below water, the top of the plant must be in the air otherwise they will die. I then separate the corms and plant them in soil which had about 10cm of water on top of it. In this way the little plants were just under the surface of the water and would grow out of the water in a few days. You can make the water deeper, but not too deep, up to about 30cm should not harm the plants but any deeper than this and they may struggle.
In a perfect world they never experience any frost, unfortunately mine seem to see a few light frosts when they are young. I try to make sure the frost they see is not too hard and they seem to do fine with it. Interestingly they handled a light frost better than duck potatoes. They even had some ice on top of the water a few times, while it is less than ideal they are hardy enough to cope with that.
The water chestnuts then grow during the warm weather and die down in autumn. When they die down the water level is dropped and the corms are left to dry a bit in the soil. When they have dried down a bit they are dug up and eaten or stored. If they are ever completely dry they will die.
Ideally you would grow water chestnuts on the edge of a pond or slow flowing stream. In a perfect world they would colonise this water edge and all you would do is go and collect them. Many people, including myself, do not have access to a pond or stream so this method is unachievable.
Many people who do not have access to a pond grow them in a bathtub, while this method sounds great it takes up space and you have to be able to find a free bathtub. Finding free things where I live is almost impossible so I had to think of another way. I have heard of people growing them in an icecream container filled with soil and submerged in a fish pond, they say they yield about 30 corms per container. Again this sounds great but requires a fish pond which I do not have.
People often tell of growing them in styrofoam broccoli boxes that they get for free from the fruit and veg shop, out here we can not buy styrofoam boxes let alone convince a shop owner to give them away so I had to keep thinking.
There are a lot of plastic tubs and boxes that I have seen used, but they all cost too much, I want to produce high quality food for cheap.
I found some cheap buckets for sale, buckets hold water, they look ok, they are easy to find in pretty much every town, they are large enough for one corm each, and they do not take up too much space. If you only had a balcony this method would still work. So I decided that buckets would be the containers I would use in which to grow water chestnuts.
I then dug up some subsoil clay, mixed it with animal manure, put it in the buckets to about 5cm from the top, and filled with water. The soil settles a bit over the next little while so you end up with more water above the soil level.
It is important to leave it for a few weeks because if you planted directly into this the water chestnuts would rot. Any weed seeds germinate in the wet soil, the weeds can not survive being constantly under water so they die off reasonably quickly and pose no problems. Over the next few weeks the water goes green, then crystal clear, then green a few times as algal blooms deal with excess nutrients. This is good, do not worry when this happens as this is what you want. The water seems to do this on and off throughout the entire growing season, again do not worry as this is normal.
People are often afraid of clay or subsoil, but they hold a lot of minerals. Being underwater it makes the soil soft enough for plant roots to penetrate and renders these minerals available to the growing plants. The only thing to watch for is that no rocks are in the mix.
Once the water has had a few weeks to work itself out I then plant the water chestnuts in the fertile mud. They were not tall enough to reach the air yet, but that is ok. By now they should be strong enough to grow a bit to reach out of the water. I also put a bit of duckweed floating on the water surface. The duckweed grows to cover the water surface and blocks light from the algae. It also slows evaporation, cools the soil by providing shade and helps out in a bunch of other ways. If you have access to azolla I would include that too as it fixes nitrogen from the soil and fertilises your water chestnuts.
As the water chestnuts grow to fill the bucket they send out rhizomes, I had a spare bucket of mud so broke off one of these rhizomes and planted it. It did not take long before it grew so much that I could not tell which bucket had a corm planted and which one was from the rhizome. From here I simply kept the water at the top of the bucket by filling it up each afternoon when watering other vegetables.
Everywhere you read and everyone you talk to will say that you must grow water chestnuts in direct sun and avoid shade at all costs. At first this is what I did and it went well for me, but then summer came along and it got too hot. Even though there was still water in the buckets the plants were suffering from the relentless heat. Being in buckets made it simple to move the water chestnuts under the shade of a tree. I moved 2 buckets at first to see if that helped, those plants started growing again while the ones in direct sun were still going poorly. Now I grow all the water chestnuts under part shade, they seem to be growing fine there.
When the time is right the foliage of the water chestnuts starts to yellow off. This is a signal to stop watering the buckets. When they have dried off for a while you then dig through and collect the water chestnuts. It is important not to let the corms freeze if you are planning on replanting them the next year as freezing will kill them. If you plan on eating them freezing is fine.
I wrote another post here about the yield I got from a bucket of water chestnuts.
I sell water chestnuts for planting and growing on my For Sale page. As you can see above they are simple to grow and very productive. Chinese water chestnuts are a great perennial vegetable and fit in well in a permaculture vegetable garden.


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text:
Blog Forums Index Feedback Central Queries
Query feedback - THE HEAVY DARK - take 3
Share your blood sweat tears query for feedback and lend your hard-won expertise to others
fersnerfer
Contact fersnerfer
Send private message Website Yahoo Messenger AOL
Post by fersnerfer » February 3rd, 2011, 11:52 pm
**updated version 3 At the top of page 2
I have been away, rethinking this book as well as the query process I was using. After doing some soul searching, I have not only changed the title of the book, but am trying to approach the query from a different angle as well. I would love some feedback and perspective if you don't mind.
In the walled city of Bollingbrook, beneath airships and mountainous cathedrals, a young girl named Skyla, runs for her life.
Apparently she is a witch, although that's news to her. Up until today, Skyla was just a girl unpopular at school, a girl who reads people's souls by watching their shadows play against the walls.
Now the shadows have claimed her mother. They've almost claimed her. They have drawn the attention of a preacher, the man in white, the man with the long, terrible shadow. Surrounded by enemies, Skyla must flee her home, the city, and everything she has known, searching for answers in places where the eyes cannot see, where ravens talk, where men go mad.
THE HEAVY DARK is an urban fantasy novel, complete at 140k words, set in a world where the American Revolution never happened and the Dark Ages are only a memory away, a world so close to us it has lived in our shadows forever.
[insert stuff about me]
Last edited by fersnerfer on February 11th, 2011, 5:56 pm, edited 2 times in total.
http://marlanesque.wordpress.com/
It turns out he really IS the killer!
Dankrubis
Contact Dankrubis
Re: Query feedback - THE HEAVY DARK
Post by Dankrubis » February 4th, 2011, 12:28 am
Hello! I'm bored and I haven't critiqued a query in a while. I may be rusty. Anywho, things I take issue with are in red. My thoughts are in blue.
fersnerfer wrote: In the walled city of Bollingbrook, beneath airships and mountainous cathedrals, a young girl named Skyla, runs for her life. Is that comma after Skyla needed? Honestly I'm not sure. Also something I find interesting is your use of distance in this one sentence. You start with medium distance (walled city of Bollingbrook) then you pull back, (beneath airships, mountainous cathedrals!) then you get up close to Skyla. Might want to make it far, medium, close.
Apparently she is a witch, although that's news to her. I think you're being redundant here with 'apparently' and 'that's news to her.' Maybe just drop 'apparently.' Up until today, Skyla was just a girl unpopular at school, a girl who reads people's souls by watching their shadows play against the walls. Strange sentence makeup. You're basically saying "OMG, she had no idea she was a which, she was just some dork who reads souls!" If you're meaning this to be tongue-in-cheek, then it needs work, because right now it's a little confusing. If tongue-in-cheek is your goal, just a suggestion - "She's a witch, although that's news to her. Up until today, Skyla was just an unpopular girl at school. Though it would explain how she can read people's souls...etc.
Now the shadows have claimed her mother. They've almost claimed her.This reads weird because of the pronouns. When I first read it I was like, HAVE THEY OR HAVE THEY NOT CLAIMED THE MOTHER? They have drawn the attention of a preacher, the man in white, the man with the long, terrible shadow. This sentence is weird. It's intriguing, nothing wrong with that. But I feel maybe more is needed? Not too much, just give us more of an idea of how he fits in the story? Or how he relates to Skyla? Though I give you permission to completely ignore me on this. Surrounded by enemies, Skyla must flee her home, the city, and everything she has known, searching for answers in places where the eyes cannot see, where ravens talk, where men go mad. Feels like this sentence should be another paragraph. It's more of a final, teaser sentence, whereas the rest of the paragraph is talking about shadows and the mother and this preacher dude who may or may not be bad.
THE HEAVY DARK is an urban fantasy novel, complete at 140k words, set in a world where the American Revolution never happened and the Dark Ages are only a memory away, a world so close to us it has lived in our shadows forever. Heh, honestly man, this last part kinda comes off as corny. Could totally be my tastes, though.
Not bad so far, but it needs tightening. Most important thing you need to work on- Skyla's conflict. You just kinda skim over how she's a witch and she's in danger. But why? Describe this devastating anti-witch coalition. Maybe go a little more into this shadow-soul-reading thingy to give us a better idea of what's at stake, because right now, I'm not sure there's enough. Good luck!
http://www.danradke.blogspot.com
Post by fersnerfer » February 4th, 2011, 2:30 am
I appreciate the feedback. I'll digest and give it another revision in a couple days.
Contact Quill
Post by Quill » February 4th, 2011, 11:10 am
Agree that it's a bit brief. Compared to movie promotion this would be a teaser rather than the full preview we need.
Good mood, and well written, though.
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Falls Apart
Contact Falls Apart
Post by Falls Apart » February 4th, 2011, 2:14 pm
Very interesting premise! Just a couple of things that you might change . . .
Beneath the airships and looming cathedrals in the walled city in the walled city of Bollingbrook, a young girl namedSkyla runs for her life.
Apparentlyshe is a witch, or so the other citizens say. Up until today, Skyla was just a girl unpopular at school, a girl who reads people's souls by watching their shadows play against the walls. Now, the shadows have claimed her mother. They've almost claimed her. They have drawn the attention of a preacher, the man in white, the man with the long, terrible shadow. Surrounded by enemies, Skyla must flee her home, the city, and everything she has known to search for answers in places where the eyes cannot see, where ravens talk, where men go mad.
Post by fersnerfer » February 4th, 2011, 11:58 pm
Thanks for more feedback.
BTW, Dankrubis, I am curious which part of the last line you felt was corny. I understand that I might have gone a little over the top, but I am curious where exactly, you felt I crossed the line. :) Just wondering if you could go into a finer detail on it.
And I do mean that sincerely. I find your criticism valuable.
Post by Dankrubis » February 5th, 2011, 4:03 pm
fersnerfer wrote: Thanks for more feedback.
Heh, all good Fersnerfer. Sorry, guess I got lazy at the end.
OK, there's actually a couple issues with it. I'm gonna use a situation to describe my first issue.
You're a little kid. You're at a campfire. It's nighttime. There's an adult telling a scary story with a flashlight under his chin. The adult is telling the story in a spooky voice.
A lot of queries are told in a voice (not necessarily spooky). Which is all good, the spooky voice makes the story spookier. But in my opinion, when you get to the part where you're talking about the name of the novel and how many words it has, the spooky voice needs to go away and you need to get back to being professional. The adult has spooked the kids and it's time for bed, but now he's tucking everyone in with the voice still going. It's a little weird. But! This is just my opinion. I'm sure other writers, maybe even Nathan himself, are on the other side of the fence.
Now, if you were to keep it, I still have a couple issues. The line "A world so close to us it has lived in our shadows forever" is heavy handed (and what I was originally referring to when I said it was corny). But also, the American Revolution never happening thing. It's a big thing to just throw in there at the end. Though I'm not sure plopping it down in the beginning is the way to go either. I don't know if you know comic books, but there was this old series of comics called "What If?" The stories were quaint, like "What If Wolverine Didn't Have Claws?" and "What If Professor X Didn't Exist?" The stories, while fun, were kinda, I'll say it again, corny. When you explain your world in this fashion, I feel, while cute, it takes away from what you've created. It lessens it a bit.
I think an agent (and a reader) would take the story more seriously if they didn't know this was a American-Revolution-never-happened scenario.
OK! I think I've redeemed myself for my laziness. Again though- A lot of what I've said here I really do feel is based partly on taste. But a warning- I do have some good tastes. Heh.
Good luck on your revisions!
I think you make some excellent points.
Take II. Thanks again for all the helpful comments.
Beneath airships and mountainous cathedrals, through the streets of a walled city, Skyla runs for her life.
Skyla had been called a witch her entire life, but she never thought they meant it literally. Up until today, she was just a girl unpopular at school, a girl who sees stories in people's shadows as they play against the walls. But now the shadows have claimed her mother. They've almost claimed Skyla. They have drawn the attention of a preacher, the smoking man in white, the man with the long terrible shadow.
Surrounded by enemies, her home burned, Skyla must flee everything she has known, seeking answers in places where the eyes cannot see, where ravens talk and where men go mad. As she searches for a place to belong, Skyla learns what she is capable of and must decide not only if it is a curse, but whether she will control it, or be controlled herself.
THE HEAVY DARK is an urban fantasy novel, complete at 140k words.
[stuff about me]
Contact Ermo
Re: Query feedback - THE HEAVY DARK - take 2
Post by Ermo » February 9th, 2011, 12:53 pm
Hi fernerfer -
Here are my comments.
Skyla had been called a witch her entire life, but she never thought they meant it literally.
A little bit of a tense change here from the opening sentence. I also feel like it's a tone change. We go from a girl running for her life to a more playful paragraph about an unpopular girl. Maybe it's better to just start with this sentence?
a girl who sees stories in people's shadows as they play against the walls.
Really like that line.
But now the shadows have claimed her mother. They've almost claimed Skyla.
How? Like literally grabbed her?
So, Skyla is pursuing these shadows because otherwise they'll kill her or because she wants to avenge her mother or both? Can you provide an example of what she is capable of - I think that'd be interesting. It also might set up the internal struggle (which is great to have). Something like: When flames burst from Skyla's fingertips in response to being called Pizza Face one too many times, she wondered what it was she was capable of and if she'd one day succumb to the flames.
Good luck - sounds cool!
fersnerfer wrote: Beneath airships and mountainous cathedrals, through the streets of a walled city, Skyla runs for her life. I agree with Ermo. The sentence placement is jarring. It might be better to begin with the second paragraph, then move into how witches aren't popular (and give us more reason as to why!) and how she's running for her life.
Skyla had been called a witch her entire life, but she never thought they meant it literally. Up until today, she was just a girl unpopular at school, a girl who sees stories in people's shadows as they play against the walls. I still take issue with how this is set up. Skyla's been called a witch her entire life. Check. She never thought the people calling her a witch were serious. Check. But she can see stories in people's shadows? (A better line, also concurring with Ermo). How did she not think she had some sort of power all her life if she could read shadows? Unless she thought everyone could read shadows? But now the shadows have claimed her mother. They've almost claimed Skyla. How are these shadows claiming? Are they literally engulfing them and making them disappear? They have drawn the attention of a preacher, the smoking man in white, the man with the long terrible shadow.
Surrounded by enemies, What enemies? One of the major problems of this query is that it doesn't give us a firm grasp on the Antagonist. Who is Skyla running from? Is it the preacher? If so, come out and say it. If it isn't, tell us who is. her home burned, Skyla must flee everything she has known, seeking answers in places where the eyes cannot see, where ravens talk and where men go mad. As she searches for a place to belong, Skyla learns what she is capable of and must decide not only if it is a curse, but whether she will control it, or be controlled herself. I do think this is a decent ending paragraph, you just need more info on the story before it.
Getting better!
Post by fersnerfer » February 9th, 2011, 4:59 pm
Thanks for the feedback! Will digest and revise in a couple days!
BTW - Am I the only one who just hates writing both queries and synopsis?
bcomet
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Post by bcomet » February 9th, 2011, 9:06 pm
Hi. I like the way this is shaping up here.
fersnerfer wrote: Take II. Thanks again for all the helpful comments.
Skyla had been called a witch her entire life, but she never thought they meant it literally. Up until today, she was just a girl unpopular at school, a girl who sees stories in people's shadows as they play against the walls. But now the shadows have claimed her mother. They've almost claimed Skyla. They have drawn the attention of a preacher, the a smoking man in white, the man with the a long terrible shadow.
Surrounded by enemies, her home burned, Skyla must flee everything she has known, seeking answers in The Heavy Dark, a places where the eyes cannot see, where ravens talk, and where men go mad. As she searches for a place way (?) to belong, Skyla learns what she is capable of and must decide not only if it is a curse, but whether she will control it, or be controlled herself.
Just a little housework. Hope that is helpful.
Take III
I decided to go with removing the "Skyla runs for her life" bit. I also tried to clarify the plot a bit more.
Tell me what you think.
Thanks for all the help!
Skyla has been called a witch her entire life, but she never thought they meant it literally.
Up until now, Skyla has just been a girl unpopular at school, a girl who sees stories in people's shadows as they play against the walls. She always thought it was just a game, until things actually came out of the darkness, taking her mother and almost claiming Skyla as well.
She has also drawn the attention of a preacher-now-witch-hunter, The Reverend Lyle Summers, the smoking man in white with the long terrible shadow. Her home burned, Skyla must flee everything she has known, seeking answers in places where the eyes cannot see, where ravens talk and men go mad. As she searches for a place to belong, Skyla learns what she is capable of and must decide not only if it is a curse, but whether she will control it, or be controlled herself.
THE HEAVY DARK is an urban fantasy novel, complete at 140k words. {stuff about me}
-Me
Joel Q
Location: The other side of Pikes Peak
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Post by Joel Q » February 10th, 2011, 11:59 am
fersnerfer wrote: Skyla has been (Lots of passive verbs in here)called a witch her entire life, but she never thought they meant it literally.
She has also drawn the attention of a preacher-now-witch-hunter, The Reverend Lyle Summers, the smoking man in white with the long terrible shadow. (Her home burned, Skyla must flee everything she has known,) (I don't like the wording of that line, almost cliche) seeking answers in places where the eyes cannot see, where ravens talk and men go mad.(really like the second half of that line) As she searches for a place(echo word) to belong, Skyla learns what (she is capable of)(I want to know more about that, or at least give us a hint) and must decide not only if it is a curse, but whether she will control it, or be controlled herself.
You're working this query out pretty good.
Just a few minor changes and it should be done.
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package de.oth.keycloak;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
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import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

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import org.keycloak.adapters.RefreshableKeycloakSecurityContext;
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Zwei
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Your resource permissions are:
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text:
1Nine Ministers
1.1Minister of Ceremonies
1.2Minister of the Household
1.3Minister of the Guards
1.4Minister Coachman
1.5Minister of Justice
1.6Minister Herald
1.7Minister of the Imperial Clan
1.8Minister of Finance
1.9Minister Steward
2Rank
5.1Citations
Nine Ministers
The Nine Ministers or Nine Chamberlains (Chinese: 九卿; pinyin: jiǔ qīng) was the collective name for nine high officials in the imperial government of the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD), who each headed one of the Nine Courts and were subordinates to the Three Councillors of State.
The term "Nine Ministers" could also refer to the nine high-ranking officials in the Ming dynasty, namely, the respective functional heads of the Six Ministries, the Censorate, the Office of Transmission, and the Grand Court of Revision.[1]
Nine Ministers[edit]
The Nine Ministers were:[2]
Rafe de Crespigny's translation
Alternative translation[note 1]
太常
tài cháng Minister of Ceremonies
光祿勳
guāng lù xūn Minister of the Household Supervisor of Attendants
衛尉
wèi wèi Minister of the Guards Commandant of Guards
太僕
tài pú Minister Coachman Grand Servant
廷尉
tíng wèi Minister of Justice Commandant of Justice
大鴻臚
dà hóng lú Minister Herald Grand Herald
宗正
zōng zhèng Minister of the Imperial Clan Director of the Imperial Clan
大司農
dà sī nóng Minister of Finance Grand Minister of Agriculture
少府
shào fǔ Minister Steward Small Treasurer
Minister of Ceremonies[edit]
The Minister of Ceremonies, usually described as a chief priest in the government, was responsible for ceremonies in the imperial ancestral temples and in charge of astronomy, astrology, and the daily records of the emperor's activities. He also supervised the operation of the Imperial Academy, selecting and examining the students. If they were suitable, he was also responsible to report their eligibility for office to the emperor.[3]
Minister of the Household[edit]
The Minister of the Household was in charge of the Gentlemen (郎; láng), civil service candidates who stood guard at the doors of palaces and halls. The Gentlemen came from a variety of backgrounds: family members and relatives of high-ranking officials; graduates of the Imperial Academy; men of good moral character recommended by local and regional officials; men of special talents, great wealth, and so on. Every year, the Minister assessed and rated these Gentlemen on four qualities (simplicity, generosity, modesty and virtue) and recommended them for office accordingly.[4]
Minister of the Guards[edit]
The Minister of the Guards was essentially the chief of the Imperial Guards, who guarded the palaces. Unlike the Gentlemen, the Imperial Guards were men drafted from among the common people and they were required to serve for a year.[5]
Minister Coachman[edit]
The Minister Coachman was in charge of the Emperor's chariots, carriages and horses. He was responsible for ensuring that the appropriate number and type of chariots, carriages and horses were used at ceremonies. He also supervised the government pastures and the horses raised there.[6]
Minister of Justice[edit]
The Minister of Justice was in charge of the laws. He accepted and decided all the lawsuits that provincial governors failed to dispose of. The cases which he could not decide were reported to the Emperor, along with the relevant details and appropriate articles of the law code that might apply.[7]
Minister Herald[edit]
The Minister Herald performed the role of a master of ceremonies at religious rituals (e.g. worship at the imperial ancestral temple) and when the Emperor received guests. He was also in charge of affairs related to the marquises, or officials rewarded with enfeoffment for meritorious service.[8]
Minister of the Imperial Clan[edit]
The Minister of the Imperial Clan was in charge of members of the imperial clan, i.e., the Emperor's family and relatives. He kept a record of all the Emperor's relatives and received the registers of the Emperor's relatives prepared and submitted by provincial officials.[9]
Minister of Finance[edit]
The Minister of Finance was in charge of the collection of revenue for the state treasury and the disbursement of expenditures from the state treasury. Sources of revenue for the state treasury included poll tax, land tax, commutation of labour service into cash payment, profits from the state monopoly over iron and salt, income from public land, and profit from the state-sanctioned sale of alcoholic drinks. The expenditures included salaries of officials, and supplies for the army. The Minister of Finance also administered the state monopoly over the production and sale of iron and salt, and the sale of alcoholic drinks. He also had direct control over the granaries in the imperial capital and the provinces.[10]
Minister Steward[edit]
The Minister Steward managed the palace treasury, i.e., the private finances of the imperial clan. Sources of revenue for the palace treasury included taxes on mountains, seas and lakes, which were considered the Emperor's property. The Minister Steward was also in charge of disbursing the incomes of members of the imperial clan.[9]
Rank[edit]
In the Han dynasty, civil service officials were classified in 20 grades (reduced to 16 after 32 BC) expressed by the official's annual salary in terms of dan (石) or Chinese bushels, extending from the 10,000 bushels at the top to the 100 bushels at the bottom.[11] Under this scheme, each of the nine ministers drew a salary of the full 2,000 bushels.[12]
During the Ming dynasty, the officialdom was classified in nine grades, each grade subdivided into two degrees, extending from upper first grade at the top to lower ninth grade at the bottom.[13] Under this system, the Ministers of the Six Ministries all held the rank of upper third grade, and rose to upper second grade after the abolishment of the position of Imperial Chancellor in 1380.[14] The Censor-in-Chief, head of the Censorate, had a rank of lower first grade before 1380 and upper second grade after.[15] The functional heads of the Grand Court of Revision and the Office of Transmission both held a rank of upper third grade.[16]
Nine Courts
Political systems of Imperial China
Three Lords and Nine Ministers
Government of the Han dynasty
Translation of Han dynasty titles
^ Alternative translations exist, for example Wang (1949), on pages 150–151, provides different English renditions. See Translation of Han dynasty titles for details.
^ Hucker (1958), p. 65.
^ de Crespigny (2007), pp. 1221–1224.
^ Wang (1949), pp. 151–152.
^ Wang (1949), p. 153.
^ a b Wang (1949), p. 155.
^ Hucker (1958), pp. 37, 56.
de Crespigny, Rafe (2007). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms 23-220 AD. Leiden, South Holland: Brill. ISBN 9789004156050.
Hucker, Charles O. (December 1958). "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. Harvard-Yenching Institute. 21: 1–66. doi:10.2307/2718619. JSTOR 2718619.
Wang, Yu-Ch'uan (June 1949). "An Outline of The Central Government of The Former Han Dynasty". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. Harvard-Yenching Institute. 12 (1/2): 134–187. doi:10.2307/2718206. JSTOR 2718206.
Han dynasty topics
Chu–Han Contention (Feast at Swan Goose Gate)
Lü Clan Disturbance
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Han–Xiongnu War
War of the Heavenly Horses
Han conquest of Gojoseon
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Second Chinese domination of Vietnam)
Xin dynasty
Red Eyebrows and Lulin
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Ban Gu
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Book of Han
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nine_Ministers&oldid=1090905700"
Chinese-language titles
This page was last edited on 1 June 2022, at 02:19 (UTC).


NB: Students are not permitted to change their dissertations once they have been submitted. Please only submit your finalized version, i.e., the one approved by the Thesis Secretary.
1) SED (Survey of Earned Doctorates). Go to this website, register for a unique login, and then fill out the online SED Form. Please DO NOT fill out the pdf SED form or send it to us. When you complete the SED online form, the CST Thesis Secretary will automatically receive an email confirmation.
2) the Dissertation Submission Form below. At the end of the form, there will be a button to submit your dissertation in PDF format, as well as another button to submit any additional files (e.g., video or audio files) to accompany your dissertation. If you have any difficulties with uploading these files, please email the Thesis Secretary to make other arrangements (e.g., Dropbox or Google Drive upload and download).
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CST does NOT arrange for the printing and binding of physical copies of dissertations. Students who would like bound copies for themselves and/or for the library are encouraged to contact and pay for the services of a bindery, such as the CUC Copy Center or HF Group.
May I submit the dissertation to ProQuest's repository or have ProQuest print and bind additional copies?
Certainly. As the dissertation author and thus the copyright holder, a student has the right to seek digital and/or physical publication with ProQuest, CST Press, or any other publisher. That said, ProQuest will not make your dissertation more accessible, since CST will already put your dissertation in our Institutional Repository and create a corresponding WorldCat record, making it accessible to anyone who searches WorldCat. By comparison, since ProQuest charges institutions and individuals for access to your dissertation, it effectively makes your dissertation far less accessible.
As the dissertation author you already hold the copyright for your intellectual property. The copyright automatically applies, but if you anticipate a future need to take legal action to protect that copyright, you can register the copyright with the United States Copyright Office.


What is the Atlantic Food Export project?
Atlantic Food Export project (AFE) helps small to medium sized food producers access and develop sales strategies for overseas markets, particularly in the Atlantic regions. Through a programme of supports including mentoring, training, networking and events the participating companies research new markets, test their products, develop know-how, contacts and partnerships that will be fundamental to successful export sales. The Atlantic area is seen as a first step for startups to discover new markets, to benefit from training to test their offer, and to start business.
Over the next two years (2018-19) over 100 food company participants will work together to overcome any barriers which have hampered their export growth in the past. Through training, mentoring, marketing assistance and logistical support, the programme will help Food companies to develop the management skills required to trade in key International export markets. In addition to sales growth, the programme aims to stimulate additional jobs within participating food companies and also up-skill SME's. Companies will be grouped into market-specific food clusters and embark on a schedule which includes knowledge exchange, management practice training and support combined with market visits.
How does AFE support food exporters?
The project offers a blend of one to one and group supports to local food companies, including training and mentoring to develop export plans and sales materials. The project will facilitate and support joint actions between food producers from the partner regions, potentially including trade show attendance, trade missions to 3rd countries and innovation in product or service development.


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Professor Lynn Abrams FBA
Professor David Abulafia FBA
The political, economic, religious and social history of the Mediterranean in the late Middle Ages, especially Italy and Spain; attitudes in late medieval Europe to non-Christian religions and peoples
Professor Daron Acemoglu FBA
The political economy of long-run economic development; evolution of institutions; the theory and empirics of technological change; economic growth; theoretical and empirical study of wage and income inequality
Professor Dawn Adès FBA
History of Art;Central America; South America; USA, Canada, Mexico; Eastern Europe; Southern Europe; Western Europe
Academician Abel Aganbegyan FBA
Professor Philippe Aghion FBA
The economics of innovation, organizations and growth: theory, empirics and policy implications
Professor Jonathan Alexander FBA
Professor Trevor Allan FBA
Legal and constitutional theory, particularly the moral ideal of the rule of law; public law and civil liberties, especially the common law constitution of the United Kingdom (common law constitutionalism)
Professor Robert Allen FBA
Economic History (Economics) Asia Europe
Professor Philip Allott FBA
Law Public Law
Professor Svetlana Alpers FBA
Painting and its cultural circumstances in Europe, 1500 to the present; writing about and critical attitudes to looking at art; the practice and uses of photography
Professor Sydney Anglo FBA
Professor Mark Armstrong FBA
The economics of industry, regulation of network utilities, competition policy, pricing strategy, markets with boundedly rational consumers.


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Bálint Tόth (born 1955, Cluj/Kolozsvár/Klausenburg) is a Hungarian mathematician whose work concerns probability theory, stochastic process and probabilistic aspects of mathematical physics. He obtained PhD in 1988 from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, worked as senior researcher at the Institute of Mathematics of the HAS and as professor of mathematics at TU Budapest. He holds the Chair of Probability at the University of Bristol and is a research professor at the Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics, Budapest.

He has worked on microscopic models of Brownian motion, quantum spin systems, limit theorems for random walks with long memory, and non-conventional stochastic processes, hydrodynamic limits, etc.  In particular, Tόth contributed to the theory of self-interacting motions, that is, motions that are "reinforced", "self-avoiding" or "self-repellent". In collaboration with Wendelin Werner he constructed the random geometric object later called the Brownian web.

Tóth was an invited speaker of the International Congress of Mathematicians ICM-2018 (Rio de Janeiro), and of the European Congress of Mathematics ECM-2000 (Barcelona). He was plenary speaker at three Conferences on Stochastic Processes and their Applications SPA-2005 (Santa Barbara), SPA-2014 (Buenos Aires), and IMS Medallion Lecturer at SPA-2022 (Wuhan).

He is a member of Academia Europaea and a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

Tóth was Editor-in-Chief of the journals Electronic Journal of Probability (2009-2011) and Annals of Applied Probability (2016-2018). Currently he is co-Editor-in-Chief (jointly with Fabio Toninelli) of Probability Theory and Related Fields.

References

External links
Arxiv papers
Personal homepage

20th-century Hungarian mathematicians
21st-century Hungarian mathematicians
Living people
1955 births
Probability Theory and Related Fields editors

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home»Sports»Lebron James ejected for first time in NBA career
Lebron James ejected for first time in NBA career
By Magic 103.7 November 29, 2017 Updated: January 16, 2018 No Comments1 Min Read
LeBron James was ejected from a game for the first time in his NBA career during a 108-97 win for his Cleveland Cavaliers against the Miami Heat.
James was shown the exit in the third quarter after arguing with referee Kane Fitzgerald at not being awarded a foul on a drive to the basket.
"I got fouled," said James. "I showed my frustration to the ref and he sent me to the locker room."
It is the first time James has been ejected in 1,082 regular-season games.
"I said what I had to say and I moved on but [Fitzgerald] decided I should get two [technical fouls]," added the 32-year-old.
"It is what it is. We got the win and that's the most important."
The four-time Most Valuable Player award winner scored 21 points with 12 rebounds, six assists and five steals before being ejected with one minute 59 seconds left in the third quarter – the Cavs were leading 93-70 at the time.
Last season's Finals runners-up have now won nine games in a row and sit third in the Eastern Conference with a 14-7 win-loss record.
Source: BBC Sport
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Primary Arms took our popular 1-6x variable scope back to the lab, and the engineers crammed in even more magnification. Now it's a 1-8x! Look through it and you'll find the patented ACSS® reticle combining bullet drop compensation, wind holds and moving target leads in one easy to use system. The second focal plane design is simple and strong. The ACSS reticle stays the same size regardless of power setting, so you'll need to crank it up to 8x magnification to use its advanced features. This scope is very fast and instinctive from 0 – 300 yards, and very precise from 300-800 yards.
The brightness knob on the left side of the tube illuminates the center reticle through 12 brightness settings using the included CR2032 battery. This tough scope is waterproof, fog resistant, and covered by a 3-year warranty. Flip up caps are included, and a "cat tail" scope lever is available from 3 Gun Stuff (product code GS-460).


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Justices Seem Uncertain About Reach Of Clean Water Act In Maui Case
Hawaii Public Radio | By Associated Press
Published November 6, 2019 at 7:41 AM HST
MarkThomas/Pixabay
Pixabay License
Updated: Nov. 6, 10:06 a.m.
WASHINGTON — The Supreme Court seems uncertain about how to decide a closely watched case from Hawaii about the reach of landmark federal clean-water protections.
The justices heard arguments Wednesday about whether a sewage treatment plant needs a federal permit when it sends treated wastewater deep underground, instead of discharging the sewage directly into the Pacific Ocean.
Studies have found the wastewater soon reaches the ocean and has damaged a coral reef near a Maui beach.
Several justices appeared to be searching for a compromise between environmental groups on one side, and the Trump administration and the local Hawaii government on the other. Trump's Environmental Protection Agency recently reversed the agency's long-standing position.
Reuters reported that Justice Stephen Breyer, a liberal, said allowing Maui County to prevail could give polluters a way to evade the law.
"You have an absolute road map for people who want to avoid the 'point source' regulation," Breyer said, calling for a legal test that would "prevent evasion."
Conservative Justice Samuel Alito, according to Reuters, expressed concern about homeowners with septic tanks that discharge pollution into the groundwater and facing federal enforcement, including daily fines.
Maui Mayor Michael Victorino attended the court hearing. After it concluded, he issued a statement.
"This case has never been about winning or losing. It's about clarity in the law so that we can move forward, confident as to the clear boundaries of the law so we can implement our programs and practices accordingly. I look forward to the Court's decision."
Hanna Bernard, executive director of the Hawaii Wildlife Fund that is among the environment groups suing the county, said she was optimistic that their side will prevail after listening to the justices' questions.
"It's been frustrating because we're watching the reef die while the case has been argued and won twice . . . I'm glad that we will have resolution and I'm just really hopeful that it will be favorable," Bernard said.
Attorney David Henkin with Earthjustice, another of the environmental groups filing the suit, echoed Bernard's comments.
"All of the justices seem to be honing in on the important issues in the case," he said. "Both of the county and the EPA are arguing positions that would outline roadmaps for polluters to evade the Clean Water Act and the justices seem very aware of that situation."
However, Henkin said he wouldn't try to predict how the court might rule.
"I've been lawyering long enough not to try and read too much into a justice's with questions, in terms of how they're ultimately going to come out," he said. "I feel happy with the arguments because I think we did a good job of presenting our case . . . only time will tell."
County Council Chair Kelly King was not at the oral arguments. However, she explained that from what she's read about how the proceeding went, she thinks the justices may be leaning against Maui County.
"I think it's heartening to those of us who respect the Clean Water Act that the Supreme Court is actually going to uphold the rule of law, and of course the council voted to settle this," King said.
She noted that if Maui does not settle the case, and loses at the Supreme Court, the financial cost will be much greater.
"If we do get to the ruling without withdrawing from the Supreme Court, it's going to cost the County of Maui a lot of money because we will have to pay the full attorneys fees which they have waved in the settlement and that's over a million dollars," King said.
King also mentioned the cost to send those representing Maui County to Washington, DC to argue at the Supreme Court.
"[There's the] expense of the mayor, his entourage, and corp counsel traveling to DC for a few days at the expense of like $3,000 per person," she said.
A spokesperson for Victornio confirmed that the mayor's airfare and hotel accomodations were estimated at about $3,000, but did not have figures for the corportation counsel's expenses. They also noted that Victorino will be visiting with Hawaii members of congress while in DC.
Maui County has until the Supreme Court releases the opinion to settle the case.
Reuters reports that a decision is expected by end of June.
This is a developing story. Please return for updates.
HPR news staff contributed to this report.
National & InternationalMauihpr newsClean Water ActU.S Supreme Court
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Officials: Gun In Supermarket Shooting Bought 6 Days Earlier
BOULDER, Colo. — Police on Tuesday identified a 21-year-old man as the suspect who opened fire inside a crowded Colorado supermarket, and court documents…
Child Border Crossings Surge As DHS Chief Defends Policies
WASHINGTON — U.S. authorities encountered nearly double the number of children traveling alone across the Mexican border on Monday than on an average day…


It is very important to have some information about the diamonds you are considering buying before purchasing them. The 4C's are not the only information you need when making sure that you are buying the right diamonds. You also need to know where the diamonds come from. Of course, you have to make sure that the diamonds that you are looking to purchase are natural diamonds from the ground and not machine made. But in my opinion, the most important thing to make sure of when buying the right diamond is to make sure the diamonds are not blood diamonds.
Blood diamonds are diamonds that were mined in places life war-torn Africa. The way these diamonds are found is by African slaves digging all day and night for basically no pay. All they are given is the minimal amount of food to eat so they have the energy to dig for diamonds. These diamonds are highly unethical and illegal for trade. However, they are still making their way onto the black market and then getting washed in with other diamonds that are mined legally in placed like Australia. They are moved in nicely and no one can see the difference.
In the movie Blood, Diamonds Lienordo DiCaprio does a fantastic job showing what the blood diamond industry looks like. It demonstrates how terrible it is and how it completely ruins families. That is why when thinking about buying the right diamonds you have to make sure the diamonds are not blood diamonds.
Beverly Diamonds is a certified seller that does not sell blood diamonds. You can also look at Beverly Diamonds reviews and you will see all of their happy customers. Buying the right diamonds does not mean by the cheapest diamonds. It means buying the most ethical diamonds and Beverly Diamonds has that.


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Max Headroom: The Complete Series is Coming to DVD on August 10th!
In the futuristic world of computers and fantasy, anything is possible, including the rise of the opinionated, computer-simulated multimedia personality Max Headroom. A pervasive pop culture icon, Max Headroom heralded the coming of trans-media age like a mad prophet of the airwaves, bolstered by his own international talk show, music video, countless major brand endorsement, merchandising and TV series. The landmark 1980s TV satire Max Headroom explored the television industry through the unique view of a sci-fi lens, featuring quirky visuals and adventurous, timely plotlines. One of the first TV series aimed at the video/computer generation, the critically acclaimed Max Headroom, starring Matt Frewer, W. Morgan Sheppard, Jeffrey Tambor and Amanda Pays, found instant fan support from the moment it debuted on ABC in 1987. Never mind Broadcast News or Network: it was Max Headroom taking on the truth about TV, in what was then an unthinkable 4,000 channel universe, where television sets are never turned off and cameras watch you everywhere.
For a longtime, fans have been anticipating the home entertainment debut of the show critics called the first cyberpunk series. On August 10, 2010, Shout! Factory, in association with Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc., will unleash Max Headroom: The Complete Series in a collectible 5-DVD box set featuring all 14 episodes and a payload of exclusive bonus features that reveal the genesis, life and afterlife of the series with all-new interviews featuring the cast and creative team! A must-have for collectors and loyal fans, this deluxe DVD box set is further sparkled with a visually stunning 3-D lenticular exterior packaging and is priced to own at $49.97 SRP.
EXTENSIVE DVD BONUS FEATURES INCLUDE:
* Live On Network 23: The Story Of Max Headroom – Co-creators/directors Annabel Jankel and Rocky Morton, co-creator George Stone, executive producer Peter Wagg, producer Brian Frankish and writers Steve Roberts and Michael Cassutt share their stories behind the British movie and American TV series that created an icon.
* Looking Back At The Future – An intimate roundtable discussion with Amanda Pays, Jeffrey Tambor, Concetta Tomei and Chris Young, moderated by Max Headroom superfan and creator of The Middleman Javier Grillo-Marxuach.
* The Big-Time Blanks – Morgan Sheppard and Concetta Tomei reflect on Max Headroom and the friendship that has endured over the 20+ years since the series' cancellation.
* The Science Behind The Fiction – Co-creator George Stone reveals his own philosophies and technology's role in the creation of Max Headroom.
* Producing Dystopia – Producer Brian Frankish recounts the chaotic and rewarding task of producing a series set 20 Minutes into the Future.
* The Writers Remember – Executive story editor Steve Roberts and story editor Michael Cassutt share their stories of writing for the world's first computer-generated TV star.
And just who exactly is Max Headroom? The answer starts with Edison Carter (Matt Frewer), a no-nonsense star reporter for Network 23. He has a talent for digging up a deadly secret that could shake up his station's dominion over its viewers. This is just the kind of breaking news that network big wheels like to bury.
After Edison is pulled from a story, he's immediately suspicious, especially when he's also chased away from a secret room. Escaping from the scene, he crashes his motorcycle, and Network 23's one-man tech department/teenage computer hacker Bryce Lynch (Chris Young) takes advantage of Edison's misfortune. Bryce creates a computer-generated image of the unconscious reporter, and the cyber-result is a freewheeling personality who calls himself Max Headroom ("Max. Headroom. 2.7 m." – the maximum clearance vehicle height – were the last words Edison glimpsed before his crash into a road barrier.).
The brash Max is also portrayed by Frewer, thanks to cutting-edge computer effects, and is an unpredictable, darkly humorous guy – who resides in a TV set, of course! A computer glitch provides his distinctive, sometimes s-s-s-stammering speech pattern. He serves as Edison's unfiltered, outspoken alter ego, who makes no secret of his contempt for the TV business. Even as Edison recovers and continues his investigative journalistic quest, Max remains an unhinged presence, always ready with a quip that hits home. "You know how to tell when a network president is lying?" asks Max. "His lips move."
The series also starred Amanda Pays as Theora Jones, Edison's computer-savvy partner; W. Morgan Sheppard as "Blank Reg," a buddy who broadcasts underground news from his bus; and Jeffrey Tambour as Murray, Edison's harried, neurotic boss. Pays, Sheppherd and Frewer reprised their roles from the British film that inspired the series: Max Headroom: 20 Minutes into the Future. The series first appeared on ABC as a mid-season replacement in 1987, and quickly became a hit, returning in the fall and airing until 1988.
With a fast-paced irreverence and witty writing, the show delved into all aspects of the television business, from political advertising to televangelism, news coverage and the ratings game – all laced with a cynically comic edge. Max, the first computer-enhanced celebrity, was the undisputed star of the innovative but short-lived series.
A sci-fi program like no other, Max Headroom gazed into the not-too-distant future, and found that, surprise, the future is now!
Max Headroom is a production of Chrysalis/Lakeside in association with Lorimar Telepictures.
PRE-ORDER your copy Max Headroom: The Complete Series Today
About Shout! Factory
Shout! Factory is a diversified entertainment company devoted to producing, uncovering and revitalizing the very best of pop culture. Founders Richard Foos, Bob Emmer and Garson Foos have spent their careers sharing their music, television and film faves with discerning consumers the world over. Shout! Factory's DVD offerings serve up classic, contemporary and cult TV series, riveting sports programs, live music, animation and documentaries in lavish packages crammed with extras. The company's audio catalogue boasts GRAMMY®-nominated boxed sets, new releases from storied artists, lovingly assembled album reissues and indispensable "best of" compilations. These riches are the result of a creative acquisitions mandate that has established the company as a hotbed of cultural preservation and commercial reinvention. Shout! Factory is based in Santa Monica, California. For more on Shout! Factory, visit www.shoutfactory.com.
Tales of the Gold Monkey: The Complete Series FINALLY on DVD
The Smurfs – A Magical Adventure on DVD
Gender Swap Star Trek Parody on The Carol Burnett Show


I'm not affiliated with Heritage Auctions; I don't work for them, or get anything from that company when I write about their auctions. Although I've managed to upset them over the years, when I occasionally call out some incomplete descriptions of auction items. Eventually those descriptions are modified so everyone, including the eventual winners of the championship rings are pleased and understand exactly what they're acquiring.
I'm not selling any items in their upcoming auction and I'm not trying to help bid-up the prices, as I have no skin in the game. I'm just here to blog about the world of championship rings!
The Auction takes place August 19th – 20th, 2017, and my catalog arrived by mail over the weekend. The first thing I do when I receive an auction catalog is quickly go through the pages looking for championship rings I'd like to bid on. However, I was blown away by the quality (and quantity) of amazing items offered in this auction, including a rare "Sultan of Swat Award" crown originally awarded to Ernie Banks (as shown above).
While there are many championship rings offered in the upcoming auction, including many that will sell at very different pricing tiers, the main stars in this auction include historic game jersey's belonging to legends such as Casey Stengel, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Mickey Mantle, Roger Marris, Roberto Clemente and many other Hall of Famers.
If game-worn jerseys our not your thing, there are plenty of game used bats by Hall of Famers, many high-quality rare baseball cards, and plenty of awards such as a scout's 1923 Yankee Solid Gold Pocket Watch, given to players, coaches, scouts and team executives before the Yankees started to award World Series Rings four seasons later.
There are plenty of World Series rings, Super Bowl rings, and other championship rings in this huge auction and over the next week or so, I'll cover some of them in detail.
Please remember, I buy championship rings all the time. If you would like to sell your championship ring in complete privacy, please contact me.
Now That's A Championship Ring Enthusiast!
A Chicago Cubs fan dedicated not only his back but also his entire head to show off his favorite team's 2016 achievement.
David Eagan recently got a tattoo on the top of his head of the 2016 World Series Championship ring.
Earlier in April, he covered his entire back with a Wrigley Field tattoo.
Eagan explained that his tattoos are a sense of pride for him.
There aren't too many people walking around with tattoos of championship rings but yes, there are a few out there who do.
Although I'm one of the biggest championship ring enthusiasts on the planet, I can't imagine you'll ever see championship ring tattoos on me. I have to draw the line somewhere.
Great job David! I hope the Cubs win more World Series Rings so you can add some more tattoos!
Please remember, I buy championship rings all the time. If you would like to sell your championship ring, please let me know. We will do the deal in complete privacy.
Recently a New York Giants NFC Championship ring arrived at SellYourGold.com's secure facility. The company employee, who is responsible to check on incoming items, noticed the seller's name did not match the last name of the championship ring.
Turns out the Giants 2000 NFC championship ring belonged to Dave Maltese, the long-time Video Director of the Giants.
Since the last name inscribed on the ring did not match the name of the customer who sent it in, SellYourGold.com attempted to verify ownership of the diamond championship ring. After finding Maltese and notifying local Florida law enforcement, the company learned that the championship ring had recently been stolen.
When the police told Maltese that SellYourGold.com had released the championship ring and it would be returned to him, the veteran Giants employee was thrilled to get his prized championship ring returned. "I couldn't believe it when I got the call. SellYourGold.com tracked me down before I even realized the ring was missing. I can't thank them enough for reaching out so quickly and making sure I got my ring back," said Maltese.
The lesson to be learned here is that owner's of championship rings almost never sell to a gold-buying service. If you have an opportunity to purchase a championship ring from such a company, you really need to do your homework. If the police find you with a championship ring that is stolen, they will force you to return the championship ring and you will probably be out all of your money, unless the person you purchased the championship ring will reimburse you.
Those reimbursements are as rare as the championship rings we collectors seek.
Would You Buy This 1973 George Foreman Heavyweight Championship Ring?
At first glance, it's a nice-looking championship ring. But it has a story, and few answers.
Down goes Frazier!!! Down goes Frazier!!!!!!
This ring is from George Foreman's 1973 ascension to the heavyweight crown!
Was worn by a member of his entourage.
Not I repeat not a sample.
The date is engraved inside ring January 22 1973.
And there are the old Balfour 10k vintage hallmarks.
And contains a .14 diamond.
Ring is in beautiful vintage condition.
May not ever see another one.
A sample maybe but not the real deal.
By boxing legend Muhammad Ali.
However there is no proof of this other than supposition.
Smiles so I sell it as worn by a member of his entourage.
While there is a "Balfour 10K" stamp inside the ring, it sadly reminds me of all those fake Irv Lerner Balfour rings with his imitation stamp. Irv was a piece of work, pumping out and selling loads of fake championship rings.
I'm unsure if this championship ring is authentic, since boxing rings can be designed and manufactured by anyone or any boxer in any amounts they choose.
And prices for boxing championship rings are low because collector demand is low with so much uncertainty in their creation and distribution.
Would you buy this championship ring? I wouldn't.
Please note, I usually don't show player's names on Super Bowl rings, however, the championship ring photos seen above (with the player's name) were part of a major sports memorabilia auction years ago, and besides, in this case, this is a common salesman sample ring.
Yes, I realize there are now 50 Super Bowl rings, however, when I started this blog series there were 50. And since I probably won't own or get my hands on a Super Bowl 51 ring anytime soon, I'll stick with he first 50 championship rings for this series.
The Super Bowl ring shown above is one of my least favorite among the 50. Sooner or later we'll get the best of the best, but for now we're starting at the bottom and working our way up.
The Super Bowl ring ranking has absolutely nothing to do with my affection or non-affection to the team or players the championship ring was awarded to. The ranking of these Super Bowl rings also have nothing to do with the team's season or the specific title game either. The ranking is based solely on the championship ring design.
Last, I probably don't spend enough time on many of my championship ring blogs discussing the shanks (sides of the championship rings) but in this ongoing blog series that will contribute to the rankings too.
The Super Bowl ring shown above is the New York Jets one and only Super Bowl III from the 1968 season and it was made by Balfour, not Jostens.
The Jets became the first AFC team to defeat a mighty NFL opponent and win a Super Bowl ring. Many feel this game gave the impending NFL/AFL merger legitimacy and helped to grow the Super Bowl to eventually become the biggest annual sporting event of the year.
Although the photo above is dark, the sapphire stone above is actually green, not black so that it matches the team colors somewhat (the Jets official logo green was lighter).
While this Super Bowl ring is historic and highly sought out by collectors, the top of this championship ring is not one of the nicer designs that we see with Super Bowl rings. Balfour at this time, tended to engrave the last names in a rather lackluster way as you can see from above. The sides of the ring contains some terrific images but no Lombardi trophy.
Incidentally, someday, if and when Joe Namath's Super Bowl ring comes to auction, it would easily shatter the $300,000 price range which would break the records we have seen for football championship rings. Perhaps like Babe Ruth's 1927 World Series ring, this one could hit the million dollar mark.


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Urban surrealism
At first glance you would think Dutch artist Edwin Zwakman's work is trying to find beauty in the urban landscape. What is harder to decipher is that Edwin builds these intricate scenes himself from memory with models. Since it is done from memory, with no other point of reference, each image becomes almost like an alter reality; a city he has created out of his mind.
In this day and age where most people rely on Photoshop to do this kind of construction, it is good to see someone is still doing this sort of thing by hand. It reminds me of all the miniatures made for movie special effects pre-CGI. I can not imagine the time it must have taken to create some of these scenes. Large photographic prints were made for his show in the United Kingdom, Tales from the Grid, which ends on May 6th.
Review by CR Blog; Remodeling the World:
…The 35-year-old Zwakman was recently voted one of the 21 most important photographers of the 21st century by Contemporary Magazine.
"As I reconstruct the world, I work entirely from memory," he explains. "I never use photographs or other reference material. All the places, objects and buildings I have seen morph into new variations. Scale and perspective change as well: the images do not show what one could photograph in such situations, but how one experiences and remembers them."
Mike Goldner of ArtisanHD2018-07-18T14:23:58-07:00April 1st, 2007|Categories: Art, Photography|Tags: art show|


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Press Release - Last call for entries to prestigious Irish Early Career Awards - Lincoln Recruitment Irish Early Career Awards
Press Release – Last call for entries to prestigious Irish Early Career Awards
21 Sep Press Release – Last call for entries to prestigious Irish Early Career Awards
Posted at 10:48h in Early Career Achiever, Media, News, Nominations, Sponsors	by	admin
Deadline extended by a week to cater for increased level of talent this year
IRELAND- The deadline for entry to the Lincoln Recruitment Irish Early Career Awards in association with KBC Bank Ireland has been extended until the 30th of September. Enthusiastic young professionals from all industries stretching from marketing to finance and digital can still enter this year's event which celebrates the most talented business minds in the country.
An unprecedented level of interest last year has meant a number of new categories have been added to the 2018 awards including:
Early Career Compliance & Risk Professional sponsored by ACOI& IOB
Early Career – Public Service Making a Difference Award
Early Career Sales Professional
Early Career Digital Professional
And Early Career Fund Services Professional sponsored by ACOI& IOB
Judges include Shay Dalton, Managing Director, Lincoln Recruitment Specialists (Chairman of the Judging Panel), Marissa Carter, Founder & CEO, Cocoa Brown, Aidan Power, Director of Customer Brand and Marketing, KBC.
With just 10 days to go until the closing date, workers are being urged to apply, nominate and sponsor the brightest young professionals in their workplace. The Irish Early Career Awards provides a platform and recognition for talented individuals and organisations and is one of the most established events of its kind in Ireland.
The emphasis of this year's ceremony is on skills and achievements and applicants and/or those nominations are invited to put those into writing and bring them to life. Short-listed applicants will then be invited to attend the prestigious black-tie Lincoln Recruitment Irish Early Career Awards which take place in the Round Room of the Mansion House on the 1st of November.
Speaking at the launch event, Heather Humphreys, Minister for Business, Enterprise and Innovation, said: "I am a great enthusiast for promoting excellence in innovation right across the Irish business sector. The key message of the Irish Early Career Awards is to recognise talent and innovation coming from young people, as that is the driving force behind a lot of innovation in this country. These Awards provide a unique opportunity to highlight the success, innovation and excellence of the high achieving young professionals across Ireland and also I hope that many organisations across the country will get involved and nominate their talented employees for this year's Awards."
Lincoln Recruitment are the title sponsor of the event this year and speaking at the launch Shay Dalton, Managing Director and chairman of the judging panel said: "I have seen first-hand the benefit of promoting, nurturing and developing young professionals in the early stages of their careers. The Lincoln Recruitment Irish Early Career Awards provides a platform for formal recognition of the individuals themselves and also for organisations who promote and develop these young professionals. The success of the outstanding professionals we have moving up through the ranks of Irish business should be acknowledged, and at Lincoln we want to celebrate that."
Speaking about the awards KBC Bank Ireland's Director of Customer, Brand & Marketing, Aidan Power, said: "This is the second year that KBC has partnered with the Irish Early Career Awards and we are, once again, delighted to support as platinum sponsor. At KBC, we understand the importance of nurturing young talent and our sponsorship of the Early Career awards allows us to celebrate blossoming talent and support those who have made a significant impact in their chosen industry at a young age."
The Association of Compliance Officers in Ireland and The Institute of Banking understand the importance of nurturing and educating early career professionals and have joined RSM and Pathfinder as category sponsors in the awards.
To find out more on the awards and how to enter you can visit http://earlycareerawards.ie/


text:
Q: Snake game boundary checking I am writing a simple console snake game,when the 'O' snake hits the wall '#' it's game over but for some reason it ends one before the wall from left to right,top and bottom works fine.
I tried debugging by printing y(I know should be the other way around not good design by me) and y displays it's position as 0 just before the wall so does that mean the wall is -1? but it can't possibly be -1 because I set i = 0 not -1,
so flustered as to whats going wrong also note my code is quite messy but I am pretty new and still learning good style
    void draw(){

       system("cls");

         bool notFirst = false;
         bool notLast = false;

         for(int i = 0; i <= HEIGHT+2; i++){

            for(int j = 0; j <= WIDTH+2; j++){

                if(i > 0){
                    notFirst = false;
                }

                if(i < HEIGHT+2){

                    notLast = false;
                }

                if(i == 0 && j <= WIDTH-1){

                    cout << "#"; // top wall
                    notFirst = true;
                }

                if(i == HEIGHT+2 && j <= WIDTH-2){

                    cout << "#"; // bottom wall
                    notLast = true;
                }

                if(j == 0 && i != 0){

                    cout << "#"; // #
                }
                if(j == WIDTH-1){

                    cout << "#";
                }
                if(x == i && y == j){

                        if(x == 0 || x == HEIGHT+2){

                            gameOver = true;
                        }
                        if(y == 0){

                            gameOver = true;
                        }
                        cout << y; // DEBUG
                        cout << "O";
                }
                else if(fruitX == i && fruitY == j){
                    cout << "F";
                }
                else{
                    if(!notFirst && !notLast){
                    cout << " ";
                    }
                }
            }
               cout << endl;
         }

       }

int main()
{
   setUp();
   while(!gameOver){

   draw();
   input();
   logic();
   }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Pre Retirement
SSAS Pension Advice
Personal Retirement Bond
Personal Retirement Savings Account
Post Retirement
Approved Retirement Funds
Self Administered ARF
Advisory ARF
ARF or Annuity – which option might suit you best?
Retirement Planning for Company Directors
Pensions Transfers from the U.K.
Pension Adjustment Order
Group Pension Schemes
Investing in Times of Crisis
Short Duration Bond Funds
Income Strategy
Future Tech Strategy
ESG Strategy
Liquid Property Strategy
Property as an Investment Asset Class
How does Property Fit in to your Portfolio?
Performance of the Liquid Property Strategy
Cash Alternative Strategy
Solution to Low Cash Deposit Interest Rates – Harvest Cash Alternative
Performance of the Harvest Cash Alternative Strategy
EIIS
EII Schemes – FAQ
EIIS – How Tax Relief Works?
Nature and Risks of Financial Instruments
Your pension in Wealth Management
High Salary – No Savings – How to turn income into wealth
How our Financial Advisor works with you.
My Business is my pension – Creating Personal Wealth From Your Business
Risk to Income in Retirement
Tax Efficient Investment Options for ARF Income
* Trusteeship
*Property
Property Through Pension
Using Your Pension to Buy a Property
Purchasing Property as Asset Class for Investment
Services for Professional Advisors
Tax Treatment of ARF Distributions for Non Residents
Capital Acquisition Tax
Company Directors Pension
Company Profits into Pension
Legislative Changes Impacting Company Director Trustee of Pension
Benefits of Transferring your UK Pension to Ireland
Death in Service Guide –
Gross v Net Income Replacement in Retirement.
Harvest Financial
Under the Family Law Act 1995, the Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996 and the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010 a court has the power to treat a pension as an asset of a separating couple/civil partners and order that it be divided into whatever shares it considers appropriate. Such an order is known as a pension adjustment order.
The court can order that a portion of the pension fund be split and placed into another pension fund in the name of the other spouse/civil partner.
The court considers all of the financial resources available before making a pension adjustment order.
When a pension adjustment order is granted by a court it is served on the trustees of the spouse's/civil partner's pension scheme who make the necessary adjustments to the provisions of the scheme in relation to that particular member.
Pension schemes are administered by trustees who are bound to administer the scheme by the terms set out in the trust deed and rules.
The trustees are not entitled to alter the terms of the trust and make provision for a person who is outside the scope of the scheme even if the member requests them to do so.
What information do I need to get advise on the issue of pensions in my family law matter?
The name of each pension scheme of which you or your spouse is a member.
The Rules of each pension scheme,
The Trust Deed (available from the Trustees of the scheme),
Details of the benefits payable on death-in-service and details on the benefits payable on retirement,
Any explanatory documentation issued by the pension scheme,
A fully up-to-date benefit statement,
All documentation held in relation to the pension,
The Pensions Authority is the statutory body responsible for regulating pension schemes in Ireland.
Should you require additional information regarding Pension Adjustment Order or any area of Financial Planning, please call us on 01 2375500 or email justask@harvestfinancial.
Financial planning following a relationship breakdown.
The last 20 years have seen a seminal shift in what would have been considered the 'traditional Irish family unit'. Your client's financial plan may now need to consider a first and second family. The retirement planning for an individual can be significantly more complex where a Pension Adjustment Order (PAO) has been granted – it may create a shortfall in retirement funding or a significant Chargeable Excess Tax liability if not properly managed. By identifying and managing the issues an adviser can significantly improve the outcome for those involved.
With the considerable erosion in the average wealth of Irish individuals over the last ten years, the pension benefits (retirement and contingent), for many, are often the most valuable asset after the family home.
This has resulted in pension benefits becoming more central to financial settlement negotiations in the case of marriage and civil partner breakdowns and in the often overlooked case of a cohabitation relationship ending by death or otherwise.
On or after a decree of judicial separation or a decree of divorce for a married person, a decree of dissolution of a registered civil partnership, or the ending of a cohabitation relationship, the pension benefits are dealt with and distributed under the terms of Pension Adjustment Orders (PAOs) pursuant to Section 12 of the Family Law Act 1995 or pursuant to Section 17 of the Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996.
Pension benefits cannot be shared out without a Court Order. The legislation provides the framework for splitting pension benefits. It does not provide the solution for distributing the pension. The splitting of pension benefits is complex in nature due to the variety of pension benefit structures that exist. Proper financial advice will help your client to understand the value of the pension benefits, both before and after any settlement is made.
Like any asset of a dispute, it is important for your clients to obtain all the up-to-date information on the pension benefits. You, as the adviser, should ensure that all documentation, along with the most recent benefit statement, is obtained. You should also inform your client that persons who apply for a Pension Adjustment Order must give notice to the trustees of the relevant pension.
A Pension Adjustment Order made pursuant to 12(2) or 17(2) does not specify a particular level of designated retirement benefit payable to the beneficiary but will simply specify two factors:
the relevant period over which the designated retirement benefit is deemed to have accrued e. the commencement date and cessation date of the reckonable service; and
the relevant percentage of the designated retirement
Where both parties agree to disregard the pension benefits or to ensure that neither party has an interest in the pension benefits of the other, a Nominal Pension Adjustment Order (or Nil Pension Adjustment Order) must be sought. This should grant designated retirement benefits worth zero where two dates are chosen covering a period of 24 hours and a percentage of 0.001%.
PAOs made in respect of death in service benefits are referred to as contingent benefit orders and specify the relevant percentage of the contingent benefit to be payable to the beneficiary. If the pension benefit contains provision for contingent benefits, a separate PAO can be obtained. An application for contingent benefits must be made within one year of the granting of a decree and it may not be changed at a later date.
PAOs can also contain a clause to remove the right of both parties to revisit and vary the initial order where there is a change of circumstances for either spouse. An adviser should also inform their client that it is important to ensure that the appropriate clause (12(26) or 17(26)) is in the PAO to protect the pension benefits.
The fact that the retirement benefits are typically deferred to a date sometime in the future, rather than being immediately available, is a factor that adds to the complexity of PAOs.
Once the Order is granted, consideration must be given to how your client would like their retirement benefit to be managed going forward. The default position for the beneficiary is to retain the designated retirement benefit within the existing scheme ('earmarking') or, alternatively, the beneficiary can request that an independent benefit is established ('splitting').
The decision whether or not to take a transfer out to a pension arrangement in the beneficiary's own name will be determined by a number of factors, including:
The financial performance of the existing scheme or If the performance is poor, your client may wish to take a transfer out;
The funding situation. If it is a defined benefit occupational pension scheme (i.e. where the retirement benefits are derived from a defined benefit occupational pension scheme) which may be underfunded, your client may wish not to affect a transfer;
The existing scheme may be a self-directed or one member executive pension plan where the member has control over the investment Critically the risk rating of the investments may not match that of the beneficiary.
Where an independent retirement benefit is to be established and depending on the type of arrangement that the PAO was made in respect of, it can be transferred to:
Another occupational pension scheme of which your client is a member;
A personal retirement bond / buy out bond;
Another retirement annuity contract;
An overseas pension arrangement; and / or
A PRSA (note that the '15 year rule' does not apply to these retirement benefits on transfer and that a Certificate of Benefit Comparison is not required).
Accessing benefits at retirement
Earmarked benefit
Where the designated retirement benefit is earmarked, the timing of accessing the retirement benefits under the PAO by the beneficiary (non-member) will be decided by when the member decides to take their retirement benefits.
The beneficiary of a PAO is independently entitled at the member's retirement to the same retirement options as the member in respect of the beneficiary's retirement benefit. The beneficiary can independently choose how the beneficiary wishes to access his/her retirement benefits e.g. where an occupational pension scheme provides the Approved Retirement Fund (ARF) option the member may choose the 'traditional benefit option' i.e. lump sum within Revenue limits and use the balance to purchase an annuity, while the beneficiary may exercise the ARF option in respect of their share of the pension fund.
Split benefit
Where the fund is split, and the designated retirement benefit is transferred out to a pension arrangement in the name of the beneficiary, the beneficiary can decide when to take the retirement benefits. The beneficiary can generally access the retirement benefits in the new arrangement at the earliest time the member can access his or her benefits e.g. age 50 for retirement benefits transferred from an occupational pension scheme.
Your client can choose how he/she wishes to access their retirement benefits e.g. lump sum, ARF or annuity.
Retirement lump sums
The retirement lump sum paid to each party under the terms of the PAO is treated as a separate lump sum. This means the tax-free limit of €200,000 applies individually and the extent to which a party is charged the Standard Chargeable Amount i.e. the portion of the lump sum in excess of €200,000 which is subject to income tax under Case IV of Schedule D is based on the amount of the lump sum paid to that party.
PAOs and Threshold limits
Until 31st December 2014, for the purpose of the Threshold limits and calculating any Chargeable Excess Tax (CET), the existence of a PAO is treated as never having been made. This means that for the purpose of calculating the chargeable excess tax the member against whom the PAO has been made is assumed to take all the retirement benefits, including those taken by the beneficiary of the PAO and the beneficiary is not treated as having received the retirement benefits received under the PAO.
With effect from 1st January 2015, chargeable excess tax arising must be apportioned by the administrator of the pension arrangement, having regard to the terms of the PAO, so that both the member and the beneficiary share the tax charge. The liability follows them to wherever their transfer values have been paid.
At the date of a Benefit Crystallisation Event (BCE) the member has an Executive Pension Plan (EPP) worth €1.5 million. Three years earlier €1 million was transferred to a PRSA on foot of a PAO. At the member's BCE the capital value of the pension benefits must be calculated as if there was no PAO and as such the current value of the beneficiary's
PRSA must be determined by the administrator of the executive pension plan.
Current value of EPP €1,500,000
Current value of PRSA €1,200,000
Total value for BCE €2,700,000
Excess is €700,000 (no Personal Fund Threshold) and therefore the CET is €280,000. This will be split pro rata between the member and the beneficiary
i.e. member will have a CET liability of €155,555 ((€700k*40%)*(€1.5m/€2.7m)) and the beneficiary's CET liability will be €124,445.
The practicalities of tracking the current value of the benefits of beneficiaries for retiring clients or at BCE, where transfers have been taken under PAOs, will be a challenge for advisers and administrators, especially where there has been acrimony!
Division of ARF on marital breakdown
Where an individual has drawn down their retirement benefits and has transferred their retirement benefits to an ARF, the transfer from an ARF or AMRF into another ARF/AMRF in the name of an ex-spouse or civil partner in exercise of rights under a PAO will not be regarded by the Revenue as a distribution from the transferring ARF/AMRF. Similar treatment will also apply where a transfer occurs in exercise of rights under a Property Adjustment Order. In both scenarios the beneficiary may open an ARF/AMRF to facilitate the transfer notwithstanding that the beneficiary may not, strictly speaking, have that option under the legislation.
Transfers of assets between spouses whether by way of gift or inheritance are exempt from Capital Acquisitions Tax (CAT). Separation does not affect this exemption but divorce does.
Where divorce requires that one party is required to put life cover in place to provide maintenance payment for children in the event of death while the children are still dependant, there are two options available to your client and one may result in a significant CAT liability. The options are:
Own Life in Trust – the party making maintenance payments effects a single life term assurance plan. The beneficiaries are subject to inheritance tax on receipt of the sum assured. Where the ex-spouse is the beneficiary, they are entitled to the 'strangers' CAT threshold.
Life of Another – the party receiving the maintenance payments (proposer/policy owner) effects a single life term assurance plan on the life of the ex-spouse. On death the sum assured will be paid directly to the proposer/policy owner. If the policy was set up in line with the Separation Agreement, the life covered can pay the premium but the ex-spouse will not be subject to Inheritance Tax on the policy proceeds.
Financial planning for clients who have experienced a relationship breakdown can be complex but the right advice will ensure that both parties continue to plan for a secure and comfortable retirement. What each side in a PAO needs is good financial advice!
'LIA's The Financial Professional, April 2016'
This material is not intended to provide advice and is provided for general information purposes only.
This marketing information has been provided for discussion purposes only. It is not advice and does not take into account the investment needs and objectives, financial position, risk attitude, liquidity needs, capital security needs and/or capacity for loss of any particular person. It should not be relied upon to make investment decisions.
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