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Home » Study shows 'problematic' alcohol use by attorneys
Study shows 'problematic' alcohol use by attorneys
Scott Roberts
KEYWORDS Alcohol / Judges & Lawyers Assistance Program / In-house counsel/corporate counsel / Law Firms / Government / Courts / neglect
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A new study completed by the American Bar Association Commission on Lawyer Assistance Programs and the Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation has given some much needed data on lawyers struggling with substance abuse and depression.
The study, which was released in early February, found 20.6 percent of lawyers and judges surveyed reported problematic alcohol use, while 28 percent of responding lawyers experienced depression. Nineteen percent of lawyers experienced anxiety and 23 percent experienced stress.
The study consisted of nearly 13,000 lawyers and judges throughout the United States who responded to the 10-question Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, which was developed by the World Health Organization. A score of eight or higher on the test indicates hazardous or harmful alcohol intake and also possible dependence, and the lawyers that reported problematic alcohol use had a score at eight or above.
Terry Harrell, executive director of the Indiana Judges and Lawyers Assistance Program, wasn't surprised by the numbers. She said she was glad to finally have some concrete data to support what she knows has been a problem for a long time.
"We're not imagining this, guys," she said. "It's not like nothing's been happening. This gives us even more ammunition to say 'Hey guys, we even need to do a better job of reaching out, especially to young lawyers.'"
The lack of data among lawyers who suffer from alcohol or substance abuse was the reason why the study was done, explained Patrick Krill, a study co-author and director of the legal professionals program at Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation. He said the last credible study on lawyers and substance abuse was done in the early 1990s.
"The data was 25 years old and it was from one state," Krill said. "We needed credible, persuasive data. The data from before was borderline useless, and we had to know the dimensions of this problem."
What was most concerning about the study, Krill said, is that it wasn't just one subsection of lawyers, or lawyers practicing in just one section of the country, or just one type of law.
"Abuse was consistent regardless of law practice, which really showed the systemic nature and cultural problem we have," Krill said.
The study found nearly 44 percent of lawyers reported problematic alcohol abuse within 15 years after completing law school, while 27.6 percent of lawyers reported it started before law school. Nearly 14 percent reported alcohol abuse started during law school.
"With the stress and pressure on law students and young lawyers, it's not surprising at all," Katherine Bender, executive director of the Dave Nee Foundation, said. The foundation focuses on helping young law students seek treatment for depression and substance abuse. "Drinking habits from undergraduate studies follow people into law school."
Bender said a culture among especially young lawyers is to blame for some of the problem.
"Students get into the mindset that they work really hard, they want to play really hard as well," Bender said. "They definitely like to do everything to the best extent possible. That goes for being the top of class, partying hard, everything."
Harrell said that kind of mindset is prevalent among lawyers, and it definitely contributes to driving them to find an escape. Lawyers tend to be achievement-oriented, perfectionistic people.
"There's a lot of pressure to be perfect and as human beings we can't achieve perfection," she said.
Long hours and isolation can also lead to stress, Harrell said. Because lawyers can't talk about their jobs as much as people in other professions because of client confidentiality, that leaves them to bottle it all inside.
"They're holding in a whole lot of stuff that others get to talk to friends and family about, and that leads to compassion fatigue," Harrell said. "If a wife comes in and her husband and kids are in an auto accident, you see her grief but you can't talk about it with anyone; that takes a toll on you."
Harrell said competition within the profession also creates stress.
"When you're a surgeon, for instance, there's not another equally well-trained, equally smart surgeon on the other side of the operating table trying to kill them. When you're a lawyer, there's someone on the other side saying you're wrong, you're stupid, and adds another layer of pressure."
Defining the problem is only half of it. Now the question is what can be done to help lawyers so they don't abuse alcohol and drugs. There are many ideas for solutions, and they start by reaching students while they are still in school.
"We need a cultural change, a legal culture change," Bender said. "Law students put too much pressure on themselves and if they're not in the top 10 percent of class, they think they will not get jobs at big law firms. We need changes in law firms and law schools in the pedagogy."
Bender said things changed in the medical profession when medical students doing residencies were found to not fare as well when they were sleep deprived. Something similar needs to happen in law school, she said.
"They feel like they need to buck up and they can't, and they don't seek help. If they don't understand that now, they are not going to be successful and it shouldn't be that way," she said. "Students need to have a balanced life now."
Bender suggested a couple of changes that would eliminate some stress on law students. More law schools could forgo ranking students, as is the case in some schools. Also, students should receive more feedback throughout their studies.
Krill said any changes will have to be implemented on a gradual basis.
"Change is a difficult process," Krill said. "We should start with something targeting one small segment, making interventions easier, then move to a bigger solution. There are a lot of law students who are struggling right off the bat, and that's where we need to start. We need to address the students who have alcohol and substance abuse issues coming in before anything else."
Krill said lawyers are independent and competitive, and therefore a lot will not seek help for themselves.
"Attorneys perceive barriers between them to get help and it's usually two primary things: fear of others finding out and because of that, confidentiality being breached."
Krill said that "paranoia" of others finding out is crushing to a lot of lawyers and makes them spiral further down.
And Krill said while programs like JLAP are great, they can't be expected to solve the problems on their own.
"We need widespread buy-in to reform the private sector," Krill said. "We can't expect JLAPs to be solely responsible for this. The rest have to be on board, or solving this problem will be impossible."
Harrell said it comes down to finding better ways to relieve stress.
"Alcohol has become very acceptable in our culture," Harrell said. "It's an easy way to relax at the end of a long day. It's a lot easier to crack open a bottle of wine than go to a yoga class or another healthier option."
"Whatever's going on, we need to fix it," Harrell added. "To go on not recognizing the problem of depression and substance abuse is not possible. Everyone needs help."•
Scott Roberts started working for the Indiana Lawyer in February of 2016. Before that, he worked at the Martinsville Reporter-Times for nine years, serving most recently as news editor. He won several design and section awards for sports sections from the Hoosier State Press Association, as well as an award for best news feature while covering education news in Morgan County.
Roberts is an avid euchre and board game player and also loves musicals.
Roberts graduated from Olivet Nazarene University with a bachelor's degree in mass communication and also holds a master's degree in public relations from IUPUI.
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Fasting is a practice that involves restriction of food or drink intake for any period. Fasting is practiced for a wide variety of reasons ranging from religious beliefs to medical testing. It is often used in medical practice for baseline laboratory tests of blood glucose and lipid markers to aid in the diagnosis of various diseases as well as quantifying risk factors. Various forms of therapeutic fasting have been studied regarding their ability to improve physiological indicators of health including insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, atherogenic lipids, inflammation, and body fat. Many of these studies In Islamic tradition, fasting during the month of Ramadan involves abstinence from food and drink each day from dawn until sunset. This results in a variety of metabolic and physiological adaptations that have been well studied. From a general perspective, this includes a change in metabolic energy sources from glucose in glycogen to triglyceride and protein catabolism.
The effects of fasting have been well studied in healthy populations. However, data regarding regimens in pediatric, geriatric, and underweight patients is lacking. One of the most prominent effects noted in the beginning periods of fasting includes a tension-type headache. The etiology of these headaches are multifactorial and the exact causative factor has yet to be identified. Proposed mechanisms contributing to fasting headache include hypoglycemia, dehydration, and caffeine withdrawal. Studies have shown that use of a COX2 inhibitor, such as rofecoxib, is effective in preventing and attenuating fasting headache, suggesting that the etiology may be a product of the proinflammatory eicosanoid metabolic pathway. Fasting should always be performed under the supervision of a physician and when possible, done in a clinical setting.
Fasting involves a drastic change in cellular metabolism and physiology that occurs secondary to changes in energy sources that occur during the fasting process. Blood glucose is normally maintained in a relatively narrow window that provides the body with sufficient energy through the cellular process of glycolysis. During fasting, maintenance of blood glucose is provided by changes in metabolism that include an initial reliance on glycogen stores in the liver and skeletal muscle. Glycogen consists of chains of polymerized glucose monosaccharides that can be used for energy by the process of glycogenolysis. The vast majority of glycogen is stored in the liver, which plays the greatest role in maintaining blood glucose over the first 24 hours of fasting. After about 24 hours of fasting, glycogen stores become depleted which causes the body to utilize adipose tissue and protein stores for energy. The conversion from glycogen to alternative energy sources and resulting disturbance in blood glucose maintenance has been proposed as a cause of a headache noted during sundown in Muslims fasting for Ramadan. The change in metabolism following glycogen depletion is largely dependent on the metabolism of triglyceride stores in adipose tissue that are broken down into free fatty acids and glycerol and subsequently converted to ketone bodies and glucose, respectively, in the liver. These changes in cellular metabolism are facilitated by the hormones glucagon, epinephrine, and cortisol that all become elevated in times of fasting. Ketone bodies made from free fatty acids through the process of ketosis and include acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone. These ketone bodies are then converted to acetyl-CoA and used for energy by the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. The maintenance of these organs during times of starvation is crucial to survival by allowing maintenance of cognition and energy for hunting or gathering food. In addition to adipose catabolism, protein catabolism through the process of gluconeogenesis simultaneously takes place in times of fasting. Gluconeogenesis produces glucose from amino acids broken down from various tissues including muscle. After glycogen depletion, the reliance of body tissues on glucose for energy gradually declines in favor of ketone bodies, which become more readily available.
Fasting has also been studied regarding its ability to improve physiological markers of health. One of the most heavily studied fasting regimens is known as intermittent fasting, which involves restriction of caloric intake during a set period on a continual basis. Examples of fasting regimens include restriction of calories for 1 full day out of the week or 2 nonconsecutive days, known as the "5:2" diet. Animal studies have repeatedly demonstrated a vigorous, positive response of various health indicators to intermittent fasting regimens. These include improved insulin sensitivity and reduced body fat, atherogenic lipids, blood pressure, and IGF-1. Animal models have also demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the ability of intermittent fasting to delay the progression of neurological diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease. Human studies of intermittent fasting also demonstrate promising results in protection against metabolic syndrome and other lifestyle diseases including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Current data suggest that larger clinical trials are warranted to further investigate the efficacy of prescribed fasting regimens for the treatment of chronic lifestyle and obesity-related diseases. A notable cellular process that is upregulated in times of fasting involves the inhibition of the enzyme tyrosine kinase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a mainstay of treatment for many types of cancer, and further research is necessary to evaluate whether fasting regimens can be used concomitantly with chemotherapy to improve patient outcomes.
Fasting is performed clinically when blood tests require minimal caloric intake to aid in the diagnosis of various diseases. Fasting blood glucose is an example of a test that helps to aid in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus based on a set threshold that determines if a patient's insulin receptors are functioning properly by their ability to lower blood glucose in response to insulin. In cases of diabetes mellitus type 2, insulin resistance results in high fasting blood glucose. Additionally, high fasting blood glucose has been studied as a risk factor for the development of high blood pressure.
Another test that traditionally requires a patient to be fasting for accuracy includes triglyceride measurement on a lipid panel. Blood triglycerides are present in substantial quantity in the carrier proteins chylomicrons and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Chylomicrons are responsible for carrying triglycerides from digested food to peripheral tissues while VLDL is made in the liver and represents a baseline blood triglyceride level resilient to food intake. Therefore, an accurate measurement of blood triglycerides in VLDL require a patient to be fasting to exclude chylomicron triglycerides from the measurement. Recent data suggest that accurate lipid measurement may be possible in the absence of fasting although fasting for lipid panels is still currently the standard of care.
A patient has been fasting for several days and his glucose level is 60% of his normal level. The patient is asymptomatic. His brain is primarily using what alternative energy source?
Which holiday can often causes headache by sundown?
A healthy male is fasting for religious reasons. After 16 hours without food or water, his blood glucose level remains in the normal range. Which of the following organs played the greatest role in maintaining his blood glucose?
Which of the following is not a ketone body made from free fatty acids in the liver during periods of fasting?
Which of the following interventions has been shown to be effective in preventing and attenuating fasting headache?
Why is fasting important to get an accurate triglyceride lab test?
The intent of StatPearls is to provide practice questions and explanations to assist you in identifying and resolving knowledge deficits. These questions and explanations are not intended to be a source of the knowledge base of all of medicine, nor is it intended to be a board or certification review of USMLE Step 1. The authors or editors do not warrant the information is complete or accurate. The reader is encouraged to verify each answer and explanation in several references. All drug indications and dosages should be verified before administration.
StatPearls offers the most comprehensive database of free multiple-choice questions with explanations and short review chapters ever developed. This system helps physicians, medical students, dentists, nurses, pharmacists, and allied health professionals identify education deficits and learn new concepts. StatPearls is not a board or certification review system for USMLE Step 1, it is a learning system that you can use to help improve your knowledge base of medicine for life-long learning. StatPearls will help you identify your weaknesses so that when you are ready to study for a board or certification exam in USMLE Step 1, you will already be prepared.
Our content is updated continuously through a multi-step peer review process that will help you be prepared and review for a thorough knowledge of USMLE Step 1. When it is time for the USMLE Step 1 board and certification exam, you will already be ready. Besides online study quizzes, we also publish our peer-reviewed content in eBooks and mobile Apps. We also offer inexpensive CME/CE, so our content can be used to attain education credits while you study USMLE Step 1.


Former Stranger critic Jen Graves wrote, "When I watched Torrey Pines for the first time all by myself on a private Vimeo link, I actually felt loved. Clyde Petersen's debut feature film, clocking in at a rich hour, is about being a trans kid with a schizophrenic mom, but it's also about being able to survive by making connections." We agree; it's an irresistible DIY-animation classic that doesn't need words to beguile. Kimya Dawson and Petersen will kick off the evening with a musical performance.


On May 7, 2018, a new fraudulent phishing message with the subject "Service desk: Notification systems launched as announced earlier" began targeting UMass Amherst email users.
The email appears to have been sent by "Cindy Wills," notifies the recipient "Our notification systems has been launched as announced earlier," and contains web links to "login to the notification systems." The links in the message direct the recipient to a fraudulent version of a UMass login page.
If you have already responded to the message, change your IT Account password  in SPIRE immediately. Please report suspicious messages to itprotect@umass.edu .
Report these messages to itprotect@umass.edu .


text:
Culture » Arts & Entertainment
Hear Him Roar
Yes, sensational Netflix documentary series Tiger King is as wild as it sounds.
by Nick Warren
Wild thing: Tiger King's Joe Exotic.
It's the other thing that everyone is talking about lately. Out of nowhere, I kept seeing memes about a gaudily dressed man who made some interesting choices with his hair.
I was getting introduced to Joe Exotic.
Exotic is the titular subject of the new limited, wonderfully addictive Netflix docu-series, Tiger King. The series is subtitled "Murder, Mayhem and Madness," a line that's arguably misleading, albeit alliterative.
Just try going one minute into the opening credits and you'll see why it's currently rated as the No.1 show in the country by Rotten Tomatoes. This series is hewn from pure voyeuristic gold. Exotic is an ascended master of reality TV. As a mulleted, gay, gun-toting owner of more than 100 big cats, he has seemingly lived his life in order to be noticed.
Born Joseph Schreibvogel, Joe Maldonado-Passage was better known to the Oklahoma region as Joe Exotic, the founder of the Greater Wynnewood Exotic Animal Park, generally referred to as the GW Zoo. The attraction was famous for letting guests interact with tiger cubs and other young big cats, often taking their show on the road to malls and other locations, attracting attention from the likes of Shaquille O'Neal. As the first episode continues, we're taken further into the curiously dangerous subculture of exotic animal collectors.
** Warning: The following paragraphs contain major spoilers **
The show quickly shows its hand. Each episode opens with audio from a collect call from prison, à la Adnan Syed's in Serial. Exotic is in prison and the show doesn't hide the fact that this has to do with him hiring someone to kill fellow wildlife enthusiast Carole Baskin.
The maiden episode sets the scene and mostly concentrates on character shading for Exotic and, to a lesser extent, Baskin. Founder of the organization Big Cat Rescue, Baskin was subject to a very public feud with Exotic, which eventually escalated to murder threats.
The second episode begins by focusing on Mario Tabraue, who also had an extensive collection of big cats. Supposedly one of the inspirations for Al Pacino's Scarface, Tabraue is a Cuban-American who served 12 years for drug smuggling and possession. Ultimately, Tabraue's thread is quickly dropped by the series, as despite his fascinating story, he takes little part in the further narrative. This episode's main character is Bhagavan "Doc" Antle, who owns a 50-acre wildlife preserve located in South Carolina, The Institute for Greatly Endangered and Rare Species (T.I.G.E.R.S.). In addition to having an extensive collection of big cats and a penchant for Eastern religions, Antle practices a form of polygamy, something that Exotic notably does as well.
As it turns out, the allure of tiger cubs and other big cats has an astounding effect on people. With tactics eerily similar to religious cults, animal owners barely have to persuade down-on-their-luck devotees to work for little wages under poor conditions. They do so happily, for the unique chance to be around animals like these, with owners able to parlay this attraction into huge profits, multiple sexual encounters and social access.
The series gets continually darker, dealing with the mysterious disappearance of Baskin's husband, multimillionaire Don Lewis. There are copyright lawsuits, suspected arsons, lost limbs, tragic deaths, presidential runs, methamphetamine use, gubernatorial runs, swingers in Affliction shirts, and, ultimately, involvement by the federal government.
There are also scores of other memorable real-life characters. Take for example Rick Kirkham, a blunt and regretful reality show producer. There's zoo worker John Reinke, an earnest man who lost his legs in a ziplining accident, and Saff Saffery who lost his arm to a tiger bite and happily returned to work the week after. There's also strip club owner-turned confidential informant James Garretson, taciturn would-be hitman Allen Glover and Exotic's campaign manager, Joshua Dial, the witness to a shocking (seemingly accidental) death who memorably delivers the line "fuck the feds."
In the end, I felt sorry for Exotic and I doubt I'm the only one. The documentary shows him as a complicated and conflicted person—one who is currently serving a 22-year sentence in prison.
People are magnetically drawn to tigers and other big cats. The final title card notes that there are between 5,000 and 10,000 captive tigers in the US and only 4,000 in the wild. If nothing else, this remarkable series might be a wake-up call to provide better lives for these fascinating creatures.
It was recently announced there is another television series in the works from Universal Content Productions starring Saturday Night Live's Kate McKinnon as Carole Baskin. Time to start practicing your menacing bike-riding skills, Kate.
The seven-episode series is currently available on Netflix. A version of this article appeared in the Erie Reader.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A character is one of the crew members on your Ship. Characters are all members of the ship's crew, regardless of whether the character is your Captain, an Officer or a Crew Member. Each character is a unique and named individual with their own Attributes, Skills, Jobs and Traits.
At the start of your game, you are asked to make and customise your captain. This is the only character that you get to create. All other characters in-game are pre-made and/or computer generated. See Captain Creation for more information.
Attributes determine your character's basic characteristics and cannot be changed throughout the game (except with Trait Mutation). Except in crew combat, only the captain's attributes are used or tested; not the officer's or crew's.
Skills measure how well a character does at a particular job. Unlike attributes, skills increase every time a character increases their job. Also unlike attributes, skill tests are done collectively by the crew. Skill Bonuses from officers are also factored in; but not the general crew's.
Jobs are the professions of your character. As a character level, their job will gradually level with them. Captains and officers can have up to three jobs, whilst normal crew members may only have one.
Every character starts with three traits which give unique bonuses or disadvantages to the character.
Depending on the Game Difficulty you are playing on, if permadeath is on, your characters may die permanently. Whenever a character's life is threatened, they roll their Death Chance to see if they are able to survive the deadly wound. If permadeath is disabled, characters who would normally die are considered to have narrowly avoided death and are left alive, but in a weakened state.
All of the characters on board your ship gain experience as they participate in any action, including flying and maintaining the ship, joining in on missions, manning the battle stations, or diving into close quarters combat. As characters gain experience, they will begin to level up their character's level.
At each new character Level, your characters may gain a new job level and/or talent. The current maximum character level within the game is 32, regardless of a character's role on the ship. Your captain will level quickest and learn the most talents, followed by your officers, then your normal crew members.
Characters only level up when they are paid at the Spice Hall. According to the old traditions of the Star Traders, crew members are paid every 30 days at maximum. Even if a character has more experience than required to advance to the next character Level, they will not do so until paid.
Commander in charge of the ship and crew. Player's personal character. A crew member with some authority, generally in charge of only a part of the ship or crew. Assists the Captain in controlling the ship. General regular members of the crew. Performs most of the day-to-day tasks on board a ship.
One Determined by ship and number of officer quarters. Determined by ship and size of crew quarter.
This page was last edited on 29 December 2018, at 15:28.


It is an axiom of sport that at the end only one team wins. Be it a league or a tournament, the axiom holds. Even if you expand the definition of winning to include various levels of not winning, in any given period of time the (vast) majority of teams do not win. The more you expand the time period, the smaller the group of 'winners' becomes. Many teams can win for a season. A few clubs can win for a couple of seasons. Hardly any clubs can win over time.
Differentiating between these levels of success is easy. Clubs that win over time are ones that can successfully work with concurrent short and medium (and more than likely long) term goals. They have a strong plan for the current season, and keep an eye on future seasons. Let's call team A-Type Clubs. Clubs that win for a couple of seasons are probably ones that can work with short (and perhaps medium) term goals. They have strong plan for the current season(s) and keep a team together for that time, but perhaps don't have the resources to maintain that level over time. Let's call the B-Type Clubs. Teams that win for a season are lucky. They luck out on a good coach, or a couple of players have a great season, or they get a good draw. Let's call them I-Type Clubs. Other clubs never win. They are like I-Type Clubs in every measurable way, but without luck.
Every single experience I have had, every single story I have heard, every single book/article I have read, fits into that template. And yet somehow otherwise intelligent people are surprised when something different happens.
Midway through the 2011 season, the Melbourne Football Club lost a match by 186 points (i.e. very, very badly). According to the template, an A-Type would almost certainly never suffer such a loss, but if it did would instantly know how it fit in with the club's expectations and plans and would already have a plan in place for just such a situation. A B-Type Club would look at the result, compare it to current expectations, probably get a bit antsy, but ultimately understand that a single result, no matter how bad, is exactly that… a single result. They would make the adjustments in their systems that deemed were necessary, but would refrain from knee jerk reactions. An I-Type Club would completely freak out, following the well known and always successful strategy of 'what we are doing is not working therefore we must change what we are doing'.
The day after the Melbourne Football Club lost by 186 points they called an emergency board meeting and sacked the coach. This is fairly typical I-Type Club behavior and as such doesn't really merit any comment other than a raised eyebrow. What makes this case special and noteworthy are the events of the previous. In the aftermath of the occasion it was reported at least twice (here and here) that after learning of some dissatisfaction within the club, the board summoned players to two separate meetings to air their points of view. In effect, the board instigated a crisis or at least brought it to a head. This in itself is not a problem. From the media reports it was probably about time. The thing that boggles my mind is that having created a crisis the board was taken completely stunned that on field performance in the following match was affected. Why are clubs ALWAYS surprised that off field events effect on field performance? In addition to being surprised by a 100% predictable event, they then compounded that result by making a panic reaction.
Maybe the bigger question is why I am surprised.
Some clubs will just never win.
Cut to October 2012… It turns out that the sacked coach had in previous years been instructed by his superiors to deliberately lose matches. Obviously losing matches negatively affected his standing in the football community, particularly as at least one of those matches brought specific attention to his ability to coach during a match. And equally obviously, losing negatively affects every single person in the club, ESPECIALLY the players. Losing creates a culture of losing. So when the inevitably consequences of creating a losing culture reach their crushing conclusion (for example, losing a match by 186 points) the coach got fired.
So to summarise, having been threatened with the sack for not losing, the coach was then sacked for losing, while the football director remained in place and the CEO received a new contract.
 Every day in hundreds of clubs, in dozens of sports, in innumerable countries, management and coaches are changing things because 'they have to change something'. They are not being successful.
Great article Mark, would love to hear more about A-type clubs and what we can do to try and make sure our clubs become/stay in that category.
Those kind of clubs are easy to find out about. As must as I hate to say, the Collingwood book is actually a pretty good start.
Often those A-Type qualities come from the coach, which is another reason success is so fleeting. Alex Ferguson and Manchester United is probably a pretty good example of club that was driven to be a good club by a great coach.
Wow, after reading those 2 articles that situation is screwed! While Dean Bailey was in Adelaide, I saw his son Darcy play volleyball for Brighton Primary at a state schools cup competition. He later played for the U15 vic team when they moved over.
and i'm disappointed that too often in sport the most decent bloke is the one that gets the axe.
I have no clue if Dean Bailey is a decent bloke, or even a good coach. The point is the way the club acts and the types of beahviours and activities that seemingly intelligent and otherwise successful people do or expect from others that just don't work. To paraphrase what Gary Pert said in the Collingwood book I posted about, 'Cultute isn't a thing, it's how you act every day'.
Thanks for an interesting article Mark.
I'm curious as to how that filters down to less professional and amateur sporting clubs – like our volleyball clubs in Australia. Certainly at my club we usually figure in the top teams of our league, but haven't gotten a gold medal in all of the time I've been with the club. Lots of silvers – usually against the same opposition.
I think we're "building" a culture at our club, or maybe "re-building" is a better term. Management and organisation is still a struggle at times.
Good luck with the the new season!
I do not know if these videos are relevant, but I do believe they provide a broader view of what winning is.
John Wooden about the difference between winning an succeeding: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0MM-psvqiG8.
:-] I had posted it on my wall yesterday! Then I spent part of the night watching these AMAZING videos of Coach K. They gave me goose bumps more than once.
there's a mariachi band behind velasco????


Peel bananas and cut into large chunks. Place in a non-stick frying pan with the coconut oil (or butter) and maple syrup and fry until caramelised and soft. Cool completely.
In a blender place bananas, ice cubes, coconut milk, vanilla and cinnamon. Blend on high until shake is smooth.
Pour into 2 glasses and top with a dollop of whipped cream and freshly grated cinnamon quill, if using. Serve immediately.


In recent years, great emphasis has been placed on treating the subgroup of depressed patients who experience anxiety, transforming not only the treatment of anxiety comorbid with depression, but also the treatment of numerous anxiety disorders with a variety of antidepressants. On the other hand, another subgroup of depressed patients has been largely neglected, namely those with fatigue, lack of energy, and lack of motivation. One possible reason for this neglect is that such complaints may be interpreted as symptoms of a somatic illness and lead to exhaustive searches for medical illness rather than to treatment as depression.


text:
Home Council Partners
Council Partners Financial News
Latest Dublin Economic Monitor Highlights Robust Economic Recovery
By Ryan Harmon 6 December 2021 125
The latest Dublin Economic Monitor (DEM), published this morning by the four Dublin Local Authorities, shows that the recovery in the Capital is gathering momentum and providing a much-needed stimulus for many sectors of the economy.
Dublin's IHS Markit Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) shows that private sector business activity in Dublin continued to expand in Q3 2021 as the Capital's economy was gradually re-opened. A sharp increase in activity was posted for a second consecutive quarter, with the PMI index reaching 62.1. This expansion was more robust than that seen in Q2 (60.2), and was the strongest index reading since 2014 as Dublin businesses ramped up employment and new orders in anticipation of further growth.
According to data from MasterCard, retail spending in the Dublin economy surged in the third quarter of the year, aided by considerable pent-up consumer demand and the lifting of Covid-19 restrictions. Spending by consumers in the retail sector expanded by 14.9% QoQ and 10.5% YoY (SA) to reach the highest point since the series began in 2014. The Entertainment and Discretionary categories benefitted to the greatest proportional extents in the quarter, with respective QoQ spending increases of 69.4% and 64.5% – albeit from low bases.
Dublin's labour market gathered momentum over the months up to October 2021. The number of Pandemic Unemployment Payment (PUP) recipients continued to fall, with just over 30,000 people remaining in receipt of the payment as of the end of October. The Capital's unemployment rate fell by 1.2% QoQ in Q3 to stand at 6% (SA), as sizeable increases in employment levels were recorded in the services and construction sectors in particular.
Residential construction in Dublin continued to ramp up in Q3. Housing commencements in the Capital stood at 3,596 in the quarter, down 28.3% QoQ from the considerable spike in Q2, but up by almost 86% (1,661 units) YoY. Completion levels remained relatively stable in the quarter but will be expected to rise as the strong pipeline of commencements feeds through to the housing stock in 2022.
Dublin's road network also provided robust evidence of the recovery in economic activity up to November. Average daily traffic volumes on eight of the Capital's main thoroughfares rose to over 683,000 (SA) in the month, broadly in line with pre-pandemic levels. This was the highest traffic volume recorded since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic and will have been stimulated by the phased return to schools, colleges and workplaces across the Capital.
Commenting on the DEM's findings, Andrew Webb, Chief Economist with Grant Thornton, said, "retailers often refer to this time of year as the 'golden quarter', when a significant proportion of annual trade is done. The data in this Dublin Economic Monitor, particularly the consumer spending and labour market indicators, suggests that the economy has been shifting through the gears to deliver the long hoped for 'bounce back'. The expectation is that the recovery will sustain into 2022 but notes of caution around inflation, labour shortages and Covid-19 cases are growing louder."
Source: Dublin City Council
Tags: Dublin Economic Monitor Economic Recovery
Minister Humphreys Announces Funding of €680,000 to 50 Social Enterprise Projects
€50m Funding to Primary and Post-Primary Schools to Address the Digital Divide
Small Business Assistance Scheme for COVID (SBASC)
By Jack Mullen 8 April 2021
Cork County Council's Lifeguard Service Respond to 1000 Incidents During Summer 2021
By Ryan Harmon 29 September 2021
New 1920 Centenary Exhibition Launched at Cork Public Museum
By Jack Mullen 21 September 2020


We have grown our practice with 405 Ads. They have been there from my start of my website to the ongoing marketing. We couldn't have grown our office practice without their marketing and SEO. These guys are awesome! Mark K.


text:
Trump Rails Against Birthright Citizenship At Rally
Mike Brest Reporter
October 31, 2018 9:25 PM ET
President Trump continued to promote his plan to end birthright citizenship during his rally in Estero, Florida on Wednesday night.
"The Democrats want to continue giving automatic birthright citizenship to every child born to an illegal alien. Even if they've been on our soil for a matter of seconds. Hundreds of thousands of illegal immigrant children are made automatic citizens every year because of this crazy policy and they are instantly eligible for every privilege and benefit of American citizenship at a cost of billions of dollars a year," Trump stated.
"That's what it costs — billions. Back before the [Democratic] Party went crazy they also opposed this practice. Harry Reid said 'no sane country,' 'no sane country' would grant automatic citizenship to children of illegal immigrants — that's what he said before he went crazy," he continued. (RELATED: Fact Check: Is The US The Only Country With Birthright Citizenship?)
The president recently raised the issue during an interview with Axios' Jonathan Swan on Monday night. During the interview, Trump explained that he doesn't believe there is a need for a constitutional amendment to overturn birthright citizenship. Despite the president's claim, many have said that an executive order would not be sufficient to overturn it.
US President Donald Trump waves during a campaign rally in Estero, Florida, on October 31, 2018. (SAUL LOEB/AFP/Getty Images)
"Under this policy anyone who breaks into the country and has a child the very next moment that child would be made a citizen for life. Great. This policy has even created an entire industry of birth tourism," Trump added. "Big business, where pregnant mothers travel to America to make their children instant American citizens. Congress has never passed a law requiring birthright citizenship for illegal aliens and the Constitution does not, and I say that to the media, does not require it — read it — because illegal aliens are not subject to the jurisdiction of the United States."
The president was in Florida on behalf of Republican gubernatorial candidate Ron DeSantis and Senate candidate Rick Scott. Both are in tight races going into the November 6th election.
Follow Mike on Twitter.
Tags : birthright citizenship florida president trump
Mike Brest
Follow Mike on Twitter


text:
Brobson declared winner in State Supreme Court race
Republican Kevin Brobson faced Democratic candidate Maria McLaughlin.
Author: AP, WNEP Web Staff
Published: 9:50 AM EDT November 3, 2021
Updated: 9:50 AM EDT November 3, 2021
PENNSYLVANIA, USA — Republicans in Pennsylvania saw success in voters' choices to fill open seats on statewide appeals courts. That includes winning a marquee race for a seat on the state Supreme Court, which nevertheless won't change the Democrats' majority on the court.
Amid light turnout around the state, Republican Kevin Brobson beat Democrat Maria McLaughlin in Tuesday's election. He'll serve a 10-year term. Democrats will keep a 5-2 majority there.
Brobson, from Montoursville, is President Judge of the Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court. He was first elected in 2009 and won retention to the bench in 2019. Brobson graduated from Lycoming College in 1992 and Widener Law in 1995. He was an attorney in the Harrisburg area before being elected to the Commonwealth Court.
Light turnout for off-year election in Lackawanna County
Voter guide to Pennsylvania's three statewide judicial elections | FOX43 Capitol Beat
ELECTION RESULTS: Get the latest updates on the 2021 Pennsylvania municipal election here.
See news happening? Text our Newstip Hotline.
Straw polls kick off early election season buzz. So, what are they?


This Annual Fill-Rate Academy is created for individuals on the SubTaskForce and will assist the task force in gathering vital information from teachers, administrators, substitute teachers and permanent teachers to understand what practices, policies and procedures support your efforts in substitute teaching.
The Fill-Rate Academy commitment includes one 45-minute interactive webinar per month, completion of the Fill-Rate Course, participation in conducting surveys and analyzing results (STEDI has the surveys and will mentor each participant through the process), and creation of a SubTaskForce to participate in the Academy (STEDI will assist you in creating a SubTaskForce).
Each month you'll participate in a 45-minute, interactive webinar that will address specific topics to help you understand and implement the strategic plan for your district. Each webinar will be live with group discussions and presentations. The webinar will be recorded to be reviewed when needed.
The 2018-2019 Cohort space is very limited and begins on January 10, 2019.
100% Money-back guarantee anytime during the school year.
To register with a Purchase Order, please contact Kelley Stone at Kelley@STEDI.org – 435-755-7800.
Fill-Rate Academy and Management Tools for SubManagers is an online extension of the SubSolutions National Conference. It provides the same learning experience as the national conference, but from the convenience of your own computer.
For over 20 years, STEDI.org has hosted national and regional conferences for SubManagers and administrators from districts and organizations from around the country to share best practices in managing substitute teaching. The key indicator often is "Fill Rate" or the percent of classes that are covered by substitute teachers on any given day. This rate is affected by many aspects of managing substitute teaching, and this Academy addresses all of the aspects.
The Fill-Rate Academy includes the Fill-Rate Course for SubManagers.


Viewing TV has stooped to new arrays today. Provided you are able to rarely consider, as soon as by using a feature a monochrome t. v. that might be put in someone's house would certainly represent how thriving they might be. Even so right now grayscale t. v. collections has been replaced by shaded sorts. A bit a lot more, residential or commercial property Continue to be Theater would certainly be the current occurring degree nowadays.
With just the means the technical development have revolutionary, display high quality of aired applications has actually arrived at better arrays. Nonetheless for the enhanced exceptional image with your television developed tools, antennas installment is rather vital. Antenna Arrangement would ensure that you obtain each of the area stations along with the computerized paths in large-description display screen high quality. Property theater configurations are definitely a regular facet at present. When the house theater set up is carried out, all you wish to do is usually to select the best antenna for your very own employee's home theater. Antenna set up adhering to house live theater installment wraps up this approach.
Lots of people remove their relax earlier described picking out the appropriate kind of antenna. Nevertheless, if several everything is considered despite the fact that selection techniques, picking the appropriate antenna is very easy. There are several kind of antennas which might be you can locate presently. For beginners one needs to figure out the shape and size from the antenna they must configuration. This stuff must be performed, bearing in mind the place where the antenna will probably be located in addition to the TV set up looking for which it remains in fact acquired. But one more point to be seen is that if the TV you may have in the home, has actually an in developed substantial-which methods receiver or perhaps. In situation the substantial-description receiver is just not making a financial investment it is in fact the truth is an inferior to get in an octa air chile, as it would not provide substantial-classification pictures for the Television Set develop. Due to this you ought to devote extra tuner welcoming cards for the t. v. set that can make certain HD snapshot with your t. v.
Another important element inside the antenna producing therapy is definitely the dedication of should you place in placement an on the within antenna or maybe yard antenna. As soon as the sending tower of cable television stations is in close proximity, the indoor antenna can be ample, but if the tower is a sensibly bit from your home you will certainly require creating an al fresco antenna. Choosing as soon as they ought to devote unidirectional or several directional antennas goes to enhancement significant. A unidirectional antenna picks up signs only provided by a course and neglects other individuals, although a multidirectional antenna will certainly make up indicators for everyone avoids.


text:
Arnoul de Mouzon (né et mort à une date inconnue au ) est selon la tradition un obscur pèlerin  assassiné par des brigands, enterré, et oublié. Ce sont les miracles autour de son tombeau et de ses reliques qui ont convaincu l'Église de sa sainteté. La légende veut qu'un de ses miracles soit à l'origine de la refondation de l'abbaye de Mouzon.

Biographie
Arnoul est né entre la Moselle et le Rhin, en Lotharingie. Pèlerin, il  est agressé par des brigands dans la forêt de Froidmont, entre Gruyères et Thin-le-Moutier en traversant ce massif. Il réussit à rejoindre le village de Gruyères, mais y succombe à ses blessures. Il est enterré sur place par les habitants. Les décennies passent, un siècle, peut-être deux. Sa mort était oublié de tous lorsque des miracles surviennent. Les habitants décident de construire une église pour y transférer ses restes, mais ne parviennent pas à déplacer le lourd cercueil, et renoncent à leur projet.

À la fin des années 960, un comte dénommé Otton achète les reliques pour en faire un objet tutélaire de la forteresse qu'il construit à Warcq. Mais Adalbéron, archevêque de Reims, vient assiéger ce château de Warcq. L'édifice est protégé par la Meuse et la Sormonne mais une génisse indique aux assaillants un gué permettant d'accéder à l'autre rive. L'assaut est lancé, les assiégés se réfugient dans le donjon, l'église est sur le point de brûler quand le feu se calme soudainement et recule. Ce prodige est attribué par les autochtones aux restes d'Arnoul. L'archevêque est intrigué par l'existence de ce saint et interroge : . Il réclame les reliques. Aussitôt celles-ci extraites de l'église jusqu'alors miraculeusement préservée, le bâtiment s'enflamme. Il fait placer ces précieux ossements sur une embarcation, avec pour projet d'en faire bénéficier la collégiale Saint-Vivent de Braux, située à une dizaine de kilomètres en aval. C'est alors qu'un aigle se pose à l'arrière du bateau. Celui-ci remonte le courant, sans rame, sans voile, jusque Mouzon, au lieu de le descendre. Interprétant ce signe du ciel,  Adalbéron choisit l'abbaye en ce lieu pour y transférer les reliques d'Arnoul, le , et décide de réformer cette abbaye, de lui donner un nouvel élan en y installant des moines de Thin-le-Moutier, un établissement créé en son temps par Gérard de Brogne.

Lieu de culte
 Abbatiale Notre-Dame de Mouzon.

Références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .

Saint catholique et orthodoxe du VIIIe siècle
Saint catholique et orthodoxe de France
Date de naissance non renseignée (VIIIe siècle)
Date de décès non renseignée (VIIIe siècle)
Personnalité du haut Moyen Âge par nom

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A heroine is "a woman of distinguished courage or ability, admired for her brave deeds and noble qualities" (dictionary.com). We need heroines – not the pop culture heroines who amplify their masculine characteristics in order to emulate Rambo – but heroines who create lovingkindness, equality, empathy and harmony within their families, within their communities, within their countries. These heroines will save our world. Let us seek them, find them, and raise them up.


Add a little sparkle and motivation with these sweet desktop wallpapers! Each one is a gorgeous blush pink shade featuring a motivational quote in a beautiful calligraphy font and rose gold confetti.
To download, click the wallpaper of choice. Save the wallpaper to your computer. To use your wallpaper, go to System Preferences (the gear icon), select Desktop & Screen Saver, then choose your wallpaper.


Five years ago, a commission studying the state of the Catholic schools in the Archdiocese of Philadelphia put forth a dire report. Questions of funding, enrollment challenges, and long-term sustainability defined the commission's lengthy report. Ultimately, it was announced that 45 of the 156 elementary schools would either close or merge with others. Four high schools were also slated for closure.
Plain and simple, Catholic schools in the Philadelphia region were in trouble, and this study shined a light on many issues. It startled the community to action. Spurred by business and civic leaders coming together - and many pledging millions of dollars to stabilize the system - many schools were saved from closing.
While fund-raising certainly helped, the faith and wisdom of Archbishop Charles J. Chaput was equally important. He recognized the passion of lay leaders - Catholic and non-Catholic alike - for these schools and he empowered them to take action.
Yet, after the dust settled in spring of 2012, questions remained about whether such financial support could be maintained, even one year later, let alone five years.
Today, many of those questions have been answered thanks to the efforts of key partners, including elected officials who have increased Earned-Income Tax Credit (EITC) funding in the commonwealth and established the Opportunity Scholarship Tax Credit (OSTC). These programs, coupled with ongoing fund-raising and creative leadership, have seen Catholic schools not just saved but growing once again.
Our Mother of Consolation, was slated to close in 2012. It was saved and in 2015 the U.S. Department of Education named it a National Blue Ribbon School. Enrollment is up and the preschool now has a waiting list. Likewise, venerable West Catholic was set to close in 2012. Enrollment had dropped to 248 students, down from a high of more than 900. Five years later, it has been reborn as West Catholic Preparatory High School. Creating a new partnership with Drexel University, the school has added an engineering and technology academy. Its board of directors has helped to boost fund-raising, cultivating a $5 million gift in 2016, and its enrollment has increased to 410 students.
These are just two examples of schools that have found a path forward. And they are not alone. Today, enrollment has stabilized and we are now focused on growing across the system. Instead of losing $6 million a year, Catholic schools now have a modest surplus that is being reinvested to make further improvements to curriculum and physical plant. Fund-raising at the school level has increased from $12.6 million in 2012 to $19.4 million in 2016.
By working together, a dismal situation became a win-win for Catholic schools, their students, and the surrounding neighborhoods. Rallying around these schools has been good for the city and expanded educational opportunities to many families who could not afford to attend the Catholic schools.
Of the Catholic high school graduates in Philadelphia last year, 93 percent went on to two- or four-year colleges, far surpassing the rate of public school graduates. More than 55 percent of Catholic school graduates were awarded at least one scholarship. Three graduates were named Gates Millennial Scholars, which reduces the financial barriers to attending college while also providing scholarships for the pursuit of more advanced degrees.
There are broader benefits to society as well. Studies show Catholic high school graduates are more likely to vote, according to a study by Thomas Dee, a professor at Stanford University. Catholic school graduates also tend to be more tolerant of diverse views, more committed to service, and more civically engaged.
As schools look to grow, leaders can now use critical resources to invest in the future rather than manage decline. When Catholic schools are strong, so are our neighborhoods and our city. They aren't just a benefit to students - they benefit the entire community, in big and small ways.
Great strides have been made in five years but there is more to be accomplished. While we have established the foundation for long-term success, our focus must now turn to generating more support for efforts like EITC and OSTC, and identifying new ways to help local families gain access to better schools.
As it was a community effort in 2012 that saved these schools, our future will be determined by that same, if not greater, effort.
H. Edward Hanway ( hehanway@faithinthefuture.com) and Samuel Casey Carter ( scc@faithinthefuture.com) serve as the chairman and CEO, respectively, of Faith in the Future Foundation, which oversees the 17 Catholic high schools and four schools of special education in the Archdiocese of Philadelphia.


Discover our expertise in market analysis with the March 2019 review of macro trends, featuring key insights about gas, oil and power markets.
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text:
using namespace std;

#include "StudentManager.hpp"
#include "Tester.hpp"
#include "cuTEST/Menu.hpp"

int main()
{
    while ( true )
    {
        Menu::Header( "MAIN MENU" );
        int choice = Menu::ShowIntMenuWithPrompt( { "Tests", "Program", "Exit" } );

        if ( choice == 1 )
        {
            Tester test;
            test.Start();
        }
        else if ( choice == 2 )
        {
            cout << "Which collision style?" << endl;
            int collisionType = Menu::ShowIntMenuWithPrompt( { "Linear Probing", "Quadratic Probing", "Double Hashing" } );
            CollisionMethod method;
            if      ( collisionType == 1 ) { method = LINEAR; }
            else if ( collisionType == 2 ) { method = QUADRATIC; }
            else if ( collisionType == 3 ) { method = DOUBLE; }

            StudentManager stum;
            stum.Run( method );
        }
        else if ( choice == 3 )
        {
            break;
        }

        cout << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


In his paper, "Nietzsche and the Knowledge of the Child at Play: On the Question of Metaphysics," Johannes Welfing raises the question of a Nietzschean metaphysical presence (did Nietzsche define the essence of life and of being and thus also implicitly establish an imperative about the way in which one should lead one's life, or did he refrain from all definition, truth, system or law whatsoever?). The controversy continues: while for some critics Nietzsche's philosophy is animated by a desire for truth, others emphasize the novelty of a philosophical project that questions the very premises on which it is based. In particular, the author attempts to establish, by referring to a specific excerpt from the Nietzsche text, that the paradigm of the Nietzschean child at play on the "beach of life" -- argument of an important, contemporary brand of Nietzsche interpretation that situates Nietzsche beyond the metaphysical tradition -- cannot be said to be truly based on the Nietzsche text. While focusing on both Alan Schrift's and Mihailo Djuric's argument that Nietzsche attempted to escape the metaphysical tradition by emphasizing the knowledge of the child at play, Welfing argues that for Nietzsche -- if knowledge is to secure the escape from the belief in metaphysical essence on the level of practical life -- this knowledge is generated by the body rather than by the rational mind.
The above text, published by Purdue University Press ©Purdue University, has been downloaded 1980 times as of 04/10/19. Note: the download counts of the journal's material are since Issue 9.1 (March 2007), since the journal's format in pdf (instead of in html 1999-2007).


text:
Often asked: What Religion Was First Christianity Or Judiasm?
1 Is Judaism the first religion?
2 Which is the oldest religion in the world?
3 What was the religion before Judaism?
4 What was the biggest religion before Christianity?
5 What religion is older than Judaism?
6 Who is the God of Jews?
7 Who is the best religion?
8 Will Hinduism survive in future?
9 Who invented religion?
10 What is the difference between Judaism Christianity and Islam?
11 Was Iran a Hindu country?
12 What is the difference between Judaism and Christianity?
13 What religion were the Vikings?
14 Who is the first god in the world?
15 Who did pagans worship?
Is Judaism the first religion?
Judaism is the world's oldest monotheistic religion, dating back nearly 4,000 years. Followers of Judaism believe in one God who revealed himself through ancient prophets. The history of Judaism is essential to understanding the Jewish faith, which has a rich heritage of law, culture and tradition.
Which is the oldest religion in the world?
What was the religion before Judaism?
Zoroastrianism dates back to the 6th century BCE. Founded in ancient Persia, it likely influenced the development of Judaism and predates both Christianity and Islam.
What was the biggest religion before Christianity?
Paganism (from classical Latin pāgānus "rural", "rustic", later "civilian") is a term first used in the fourth century by early Christians for people in the Roman Empire who practiced polytheism or ethnic religions other than Judaism.
You might be interested: FAQ: How Can There Only Be One True Religion Christianity?
What religion is older than Judaism?
Who is the God of Jews?
The name of God used most often in the Hebrew Bible is the Tetragrammaton (YHWH Hebrew: יהוה). Jews traditionally do not pronounce it, and instead refer to God as HaShem, literally "the Name". In prayer the Tetragrammaton is substituted with the pronunciation Adonai, meaning "My Lord".
Who is the best religion?
Adherents in 2020
Will Hinduism survive in future?
In 2010, 94% of the world's Hindus lived in India, and this is expected to remain true in 2050, when 1.3 billion Hindus are projected to live in the country. Due to these factors, India's Muslim community will expand faster than its Hindu population, rising from 14.4% in 2010 to 18.4% in 2050.
Who invented religion?
Ancient (before AD 500)
Founder Name
Religious tradition founded
Life of founder
Siddhartha Gautama Buddhism 563 BC – 483 BC
Confucius Confucianism 551 BC – 479 BC
Pythagoras Pythagoreanism fl. 520 BC
Mozi Mohism 470 BC – 390 BC
What is the difference between Judaism Christianity and Islam?
Judaism puts more emphasis on laws and following them completely than Christianity which is talks more of love and acceptance. Islam and Christianity focus more on an afterlife in heaven rather than a second life on earth.
You might be interested: Question: How Long Before Christianity Became The Religion Of Rome?
Was Iran a Hindu country?
Religion in Iran has been shaped by multiple religions and sects over the course of the country's history. According to the 2011 Iranian census, 99.98% of Iranians believe in Islam, while the rest of the population believe in other officially recognized minority religions: Christianity, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism.
What is the difference between Judaism and Christianity?
Jews believe in individual and collective participation in an eternal dialogue with God through tradition, rituals, prayers and ethical actions. Christianity generally believes in a Triune God, one person of whom became human. Judaism emphasizes the Oneness of God and rejects the Christian concept of God in human form.
What religion were the Vikings?
The Vikings came into contact with Christianity through their raids, and when they settled in lands with a Christian population, they adopted Christianity quite quickly. This was true in Normandy, Ireland, and throughout the British Isles.
Who did pagans worship?
Most pagans worship the old pre-Christian gods and goddesses through seasonal festivals and other ceremonies. Observance of these festivals is very important to pagans, and those in hospital will generally wish to celebrate them in some form.


text:
i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)
Current Issue Vol. 10 Issue 3
Optimization of Adsorption Parameters for Lead (II) Removal from Wastewater using Box-Behnken Design
Optimization of Al 6063 Button Head Rivet FEM Analysis Subjected to CRYO ECAP and RT ECAP
Effect of (SiC+Gr) Addition on the Corrosion Behavior of Powder Metallurgy Copper MMC
Assessment of Reuse Potential of Low-Grade Iron Ore Fines through Beneficiation Routes
Characterization of Copper MMC Reinforced with SiC and Graphite in Equal Proportion Made by the Powder Metallurgy Route
Evaluation and Comparison of Turning Process Performance during Machining of D2 Steel Material under Two Sustainable Machining Techniques
An Investigation on Recent Trends in Metamaterial Types and its Applications
A Review on Plasma Ion Nitriding (PIN) Process
A Review on Friction and Wear Behaviors of Brake's Friction Materials
Comparative Parabolic Rate Constant and Coating Properties of Nickel, Cobalt, Iron and Metal Oxide Based Coating: A Review
Electro-Chemical Discharge Machining- A review and Case study
Comparison Of Composite Proton Conducting Polymer Gel Electrolytes Containing Weak Aromatic Acids
Enhancement in Electrical Properties of PEO Based Nano-Composite Gel Electrolytes
Electrical Properties of Nanocomposite Polymer Gels based on PMMA-DMA/DMC-LiCLO2 -SiO2
Effect of Donor Number of Plasticizers on Conductivity of Polymer Electrolytes Containing NH4F
PMMA Based Polymer Gel Electrolyte Containing LiCF3SO3
Volume 2 Issue 2 July - September 2014
Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Through Nimonic 80A Alloy
Neeraj Sharma*
*Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, R.P. Inderaprastha Institute of Technology, Karnal, Haryana.
Sharma, N. (2014). Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Through Nimonic 80A Alloy. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(2), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.2.2813
Heat transfer is the moment of energy, due to difference in the temperature of a body. There are three modes of heat transfer viz. conduction, convection and radiation. In this, the analysis is to be made through an alloy, so the characteristic equations of conduction are considered. In the numerical analysis, this moment is analyzed with the help of equations. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has become an effective way to numerically simulate heat transfer. The objective of the study was to simulate heat transfer process in different orientations of the work-piece. Analysis has been carried out on Nimonic 80A alloy with their basic properties. First time, one end of the rod is kept at room temperature and the other end at 600K. The variation is observed and drawn in the form of a graph. Another time, one surface of the specimen is kept at room temperature and the other surface at 600K temperature. The variation of temperatures in both cases were analyzed and is found that heat flows from higher temperature to lower temperature up to a certain distance and after that, the material is at room temperature. The color codes distinguish the hotness and coldness of the work-piece.
[1]. Cabezas, E.E. & Celentano, D.J. (2002). "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Tensile Test Using Sheet Specimens". Mecanica Computacional, 21, 854-873.
[2]. Dan, D., Stoian, V. & Fabian, A. (2009). "Numerical Analysis of Composite Steel Concrete Structural Shear Walls with Steel Encased Profiles". Constructii. Arhitectura, 55, 21- 32.
[3]. Reikher, A. (2012). "Numerical Analysis of Die-Casting Process in Thin Cavities Using Lubrication Approximation". Theses and Dissertations. Paper 65.
[4]. Kaldunski, P. & Kukielka, L. (2007). "Numerical Analysis of Sheet Metal Forming: The Corrugation Effect". Task Quarterly, 10(4), 427–435
[5]. Liu, H., Sparks, T. E. & Liou, F. W. (2013). "Numerical Analysis of Thermal Stress and Deformation in Multi-Layer Laser Metal Deposition Processes", Proceeding of 24 SFF Symposium, The University of Texas at Austin, USA, 577-591.
[6]. Lu, P., Huang, S. & Jiang, K. (2013). "Numerical Analysis For Three-Dimensional Bulk Metal Forming Processes With Arbitrarily Shaped Dies Using The Rigid/Visco-Plastic Element Free Galerkin Method". Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., 33, 416-422.
[7]. Verma, R. K., Mahesh, N. S. & Anwar, M. I. (2012). "Numerical Analysis of Powder Compaction to Obtain High Relative Density in '601AB' Aluminum Powder". SASTECH, 11 (1), 79-84.
[8]. Mamat, M., Tofany, N. & Kartono, A. (2010). "Numerical Analysis of Heat Conduction and Phase Transformation in Laser Transformation Hardening: Influences of Heating Duration and Laser Beam Intensity". Applied Mathematical Sciences, Vol 4,pp 3019 – 3033
[9]. Fuliotto, R., Cambuli, F., Mandas, N. Bacchin, N., Manara, G. & Chen, Q. (2010). "Experimental and numerical analysis of heat transfer and airflow on an interactive building façade". Energy and Buildings, Vol 42, pp 23-28.
[10]. COMSOL Multiphysics 4.0a User Manual Version 4.0.0.982 (Module: Heat transfer).
Spin Speed Dependence of Optical Band Gap of SOL Gel Spin Coated Zinc Oxide Thin Films
Rajesh Kumar* , Aakanksha Sahu**, Narinder Arora***, Rabia Sareen****, Gagandeep Kaur*****
*-***** P.G. Department of Physics, D. A. V College, Amritsar, India.
Kumar, R., Sahu, A., Arora, N., Sareen, R., & Kaur, G. (2014). Spin Speed Dependence of Optical Band Gap of SOL Gel Spin Coated Zinc Oxide Thin Films. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(2), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.2.2814
The zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films have been obtained by sol gel spin coating technique on to the glass substrates kept at 4000 C. The conditions have been optimized to obtain quality films. Optical absorption studies to find optical band gap of the films have been made through UV-Visible spectroscopy in the spectral range of 200 -1100 nm. Effect of spin speed on the optical band gap of these films has been studied. Results show that optical band gap of the films get modified on increasing the spin speed of films.
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Photoluminescence and Dielectric Studies of Ion Induced Polyethylene Naphthalate
Kusum Devgan* , Navjeet Kaur**, Sonika Thakur***, Manpreet Kaur****, Lakhwant Singh*****
* Department of Physics, Sanoop Rani Government College for Women, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
** Department of Physics, Khalsa College for Women, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
*** Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University College, Verka, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
**** Department of Physics, DAV College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
***** Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Devgan, K., Kaur, N., Thakur, S., Kaur, M., & Singh, L. (2014). Photoluminescence and Dielectric Studies of Ion Induced Polyethylene Naphthalate. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(2), 10-13. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.2.2815
Dielectric properties along with photoluminescence phenomenon of ion induced Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) were 3+ 6+ 10+ analyzed. Li , C , Ni ion beams were used to analyze the modifications induced by swift heavy ions as a function of ion 11 12 2 fluence, ranging from 1x10 to 3x10 ions/cm . Blue shift is observed in PL behavior. Dielectric constant (ε′) for pristine and irradiated samples has also been calculated, which increases with the increase in ion fluence.
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Spectroscopic Investigations of Anatase Titania Nanoparticles
K. Mohan Reddy* , Devi L.G.**, P.K. Sahoo***
* Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering Studies, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, India.
** Central College, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, India.
*** Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, India.
Reddy, K. M., Devi, L. G., & Sahoo, P. K. (2014). Spectroscopic Investigations of Anatase Titania Nanoparticles. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(2), 14-17. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.2.2816
To investigate the relationship between the particle size and the Raman bands of TiO2 nanoparticles, two different size- selected samples of TiO2 nanoparticles were investigated using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), High Resolution TEM (HRTEM), X-ray Photoelectron absorption Spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy (FTRaman). In the Raman spectra, both broadening and shifts of the Raman bands with decreasing particle diameter were observed. In this paper, these Raman shifts are attributed to the effects of decreasing particle size on the force constants and vibrational amplitudes of the nearest neighbor bonds.
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Electric Properties of Rare Earth Doped Strontium M-Type Hexagonal Ferrites
Taminder Singh* , Arun Katoch**, Iqbal Singh***
*,*** Department of Physics, Khalsa College, Amritsar, India.
** BKSJ College of Engineering, Amritsar, India.
Singh, T., Katoch, A., & Singh, I. (2014). Electric Properties of Rare Earth Doped Strontium M-Type Hexagonal Ferrites. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(2), 18-22. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.2.2817
The Seebeck Coefficient for the strontium ferrites Sr RE Fe O (where RE = Dy, x = 0.0, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.30), which have 1-x x 12 19 been prepared by employing the ceramic technique, were studied in the temperature range 313-473K. The value of thermoelectric power seems to increase with increasing temperature where as the AC conductivity has been observed to be independent of frequency at high temperatures for all values of x. In the relatively low temperature region, thermoelectric power value has been found to be negative confirming that the majority of carriers are electrons thereby indicating the rare earth substituted strontium ferrites to be classified as n-type semiconductors. The X-ray diffraction patterns show that the prepared samples have a single phase. The lattice parameters 'c' and 'a' were found to decrease whereas the X-ray density increases with increasing RE content. It has been found that the value of electrical conductivity also increases with an increase in RE content. The dispersion of dielectric constant has been discussed in the light of Koops model and hopping conduction mechanism.
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Rajiv*
*Department of Physics, Goswami Ganesh Dutt Sanatan Dharam College, Hariana, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India.
Kumar, R. (2014). Comparison of composite proton conducting polymer gel electrolytes containing weak aromatic acids. i-manager's Journal on Material Science, 2(2), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.2.2.2818
Composite proton conducting non aqueous polymer gel electrolytes have been synthesized by dispersing nano sized fumed silica to the polymer gel electrolytes containing polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), dimethylacetamide (DMA), benzoic acid (BA) and ortho-hydroxy benzoic acid (o-OHBA). These electrolytes have been characterized by complex impedance spectroscopy, viscosity and pH measurements. The effect of acid, polymer and fumed silica on conductivity, pH and viscosity has been studied for gel electrolytes. Maximum conductivity of 2.95 x 10-4 S/cm and viscosity of 1.64 x 105 mPas at 25o C has been obtained. The conductivity of composite gels does not show any appreciable change with time and only a small change in conductivity is observed over the operational range of temperature, which is desirable for their use in device applications.
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