text:
Ионизация при атмосферном давлении () — метод ионизации веществ из жидкой фазы в масс-спектрометрии.

Подразделяется на:
 электроспрей
 химическую ионизацию при атмосферном давлении
 фотоионизацию при атмосферном давлении.

Масс-спектрометры оборудованные данными ионными источниками требуют мощную систему откачки, чтобы удалять газ, постоянно поступающий из источника ионов в масс-анализатор.

Примером использования ионизации при атмосферном давлении может служить ионно-дрейфовый детектор «Кербер-Т».

Примечания

Ионизация


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Felipe Hernández (born June 8, 1998) is a professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Major League Soccer club Sporting Kansas City. Born in Colombia, he represented the United States national under-19 team.

Career
The Colombian-born Hernández was raised in Nashville, Tennessee, before joining Sporting Nashville Heroes, an academy affiliate. Hernández, formerly a US youth international, moved into SKC's residential academy in 2014. Hernández signed with Kansas City's USL affiliate Swope Park Rangers on March 10, 2016, developing into an MLS player. in 3 seasons with Swope Park Rangers Hernandez scored 13 goals and provided assists for a club-record 10 assists in 79 matches.

On August 30, 2019, Hernández moved to Swope Park's MLS parent club Sporting Kansas City.

On October 8, 2021, Hernández was suspended by the league for gambling on MLS games and would miss the remainder of the season. He returned to Sporting in 2022, playing in every regular season MLS match.

Career statistics

Honors
Swope Park Rangers
United Soccer League Cup: Runner-up 2017
U.S. Open Cup: 2017

References

1998 births
Living people
American soccer players
Sporting Kansas City II players
Sporting Kansas City players
Association football midfielders
USL Championship players
Major League Soccer players
United States men's youth international soccer players
People from Ibagué
Sportspeople from Nashville, Tennessee
Soccer players from Tennessee
Homegrown Players (MLS)
MLS Next Pro players

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Showing 101 to 107 of 107 for Manton, P G K, SenatorX
Programme for the 1977 Battle of Flowers along Victoria Avenue . Includes a parade route and seating plan, carnival programme, comprehensive lists of entrants in all of the carnival classes and members of the Jersey Battle of Flowers Association involved in the organisation of the event, as well as portraits of Mr Battle Des O'Connor, Miss Battle Diana Le Bot, Maids of Honour Chantal Gosselin and Mandy Bressat and former Miss Battles, photographs of winning floats from the 1976 show, and advertisements for a number of local companies.
Reference: L/F/445/R/2/1
Date: August 11th 1977 - August 11th 1977
Royal Militia Island of Jersey attestation form of Peter Geoffrey Kevitt Manton
Reference: L/F/97/M22/371
Date: October 3rd 1938 - October 3rd 1938
The Reverend Peter Manton talks about the hurricane of 02/11/1967. Includes: weather conditions; barometer readings; tides and flooding; damage occurring to property all around the coast; lack of sea defences; destruction of the Garden Cave at Plémont; mentions buildings on reclaimed land. Duration: 5 minutes.
Reference: R/03/A/4
Trial Edition Talking News. Introduction by Philip Gurdon. Introduce stories of the island to please and entertain-most will be taken from local publications such as the Jersey Evening Post. Wife, June Gurdon, went to recording of Colchester Talking Newspaper-ideas behind paper-weekly-1st week of October 1975. Thorne Hauser with news round up-state of Jersey's finance, tourism and agriculture industries-no problem with inflation or recession-views of Colin Powell-state of taxation. State of the property market-drop in sales. Building industry hit by recession-state of industry. Delegation from Jersey Democratic Movement and the Jersey Trades Council meeting constables re parish relief-angry exchanges-attempt to bring around reform to parish system-quotes from Jimmy Johns of the JDM. Concern over vraic being dropped on roads by collectors. September fire statistics. Local approved school needed for young offenders-suggestion by Education Committee. Peter Manton-Rector of St John talking about the good weather and the level of water in the island-now going into autumn, sea temperature. To the Met Office-weather forecast. Items from Women's Page from JEP-fashion news, Woman's Institute Harvest Market-report and upcoming. Two amusing holiday stories read out-Mrs J Everett-winner, Mrs J Baal-runner up, no increases in price on groceries, price of fruit and veg within the market. Defence Committee said Hautlieu student 14 year old Colin O'Driscoll lost fight to keep the noon day bus service from Weighbridge to St John's Church. End of first side. Birth, marriages and deaths-read out. St Helier Girls School-girls stopped from wearing high heel shoes. Thomas King-winner of RNLI Gold Medal-celebrating 90th birthday. Housing of a young couple and 2 pensioners-eviction of old couple from flat. Election news-senatorial and deputies elections-candidates standing. Advocate Brian Troy standing in St Saviour No 2 District. Centenier Philip Rondel-to stand in senatorial election. Bernard Cotillard dropping out of St Saviour No1 District. Story on a three legged poodle owned by Mr and Mrs Le Vesconte. Philip Makin-recorded by Tomorrow's World on new machinery installed at a lighthouse. Information on radio programmes of interest being played this week. Eileen Le Sueur speaking in Jersey French-warning of the dangers of over eating before going to bed. Fort Regent-Modern Hotels want more facilities on the island and Fort Regent is the right place-idea of a dry skating rink. Final dates for posting christmas mail overseas. AGM of Jersey Deaf Children's Society. Proposition lodged by the Public Health Committee to build a day care centre for the elderly at The Limes, Green Street. Results of parish cattle shows. Announcements of forthcoming events.
Date: September 30th 1975 - September 30th 1975
Jersey Talking Magazine No 4-October 1976. Beth Lloyd taking over as editor and producer-talks about moving to the island, working for the BBC, changing the format of the magazine, Gordon Young becoming regular presenter. Gordon Young interviewed about how he got into television. Gardening feature-talking and giving advice on planting bulbs, cabbages, broad beans, different flowers, the growing of fruit, chestnuts, the collection of seaweed for the vegetables. Cooking feature-Margaret Jenkins presenting-gives tips on uses of cream. Island administrators-interview Island Magistrate-Judge Lawrie Wilde-talks of the difference between UK and Jersey magistrates-acts as prosecution barrister, legal system compromise between English and French system of law, the cases he trys-in the police, petty debts and juvenile courts, is it a depressing job working with criminals-no because a lot of the people aren't guilty. Tips section on lenses, using the telephone for those with poor eyesight. End of Side One. Above the northern outskirts of St Helier stood the St Louis Observatory which was part of the estate of Maison St Louis which incorporated Highlands College and the old Imperial Hotel-now known as the Hotel de France-1886 Jesuits established teaching college-observatory constructed in 1894 with the tower-housed the Jesuits Meteorological Instruments-taken down in 1929 as it was considered unsafe. St Louis Observatory now run by Pere Ray-between 1917-21 a student at the college. Honoured by the french government for his work during the occupation and in education he is a leading expert in the study of seismology-the study of earthquakes. Reverend Peter Manton went to see him and asked him when the island's only seismograph was installed-30th June 1936, strongest and numbers of earthquakes recorded, interpretation of seismographs, how work going to continue after, under head of Met Office, need for continuity, gap in seismology in 1921-father died, goes from 1894, highest and lowest temperatures recorded at the tower, wettest year, earthquake recorder-purpose to study local earthquakes, talks about some of the earthquakes, tour of the observatory to look at the seismograph-explanation of how the seismograph works, Pere Ray during the occupation-at Maison St Louis carried on the meteorological work and allowed to keep the radio, fought to keep going, made crystal radio sets-describes process. Gordon Young tells of how he had been the target for a knife thrower for television a couple of years previously.
Reference: R/05/B/1
Date: October 15th 1976 - October 15th 1976
Jersey Talking Magazine No 7-January 1977. Introduction by Gordon Young and new year greetings. Cooking feature-Margaret Jenkins talking about cooking vegetables. Gardening feature-talking about looking after house plants and digging for potatoes. Nature feature-Frances Le Sueur talking about peewits and curlews with bird song from the birds. Island Administrators-Enfant Terrible and Champion of Causes of Local Politics Senator Dick Shenton interviewed by Beth Lloyd. Talks about his years in politics, his functions in the State, his working life away from the States, bringing local radio to the island and the importance of local radio. Hints for the blind including recommendations for large print knitting patterns and shoes for slippery weather. End of Side One. Part One of a tour of St Helier from the Royal Square to the Parade by Mr Robin Cox and Mrs Joan Stevens. Talk about the Royal Square including stories involving the market in the Royal Square until it was moved, became the Old Market, much later became known as the Royal Square after the Battle of Jersey, the different markets in St Helier, centrepiece the statue of George II-made by John Cheere, Chamber of Commerce building-first one in the english speaking world-1768-set up to assist merchants, St Helier Church-named after patron saint-who was he-Belgian hermit-talks about his life and the history of the church-last alteration just over a hundred years ago, the chapel on the side, the Royal Court and the States Building-the history of the different buildings used as a court house, a building built in 1730 by Philip Falle as a public library, the trees in the Royal Square, granite v sign set into the ground of the Royal Square. Interview by Reverend Peter Manton of Mr Bell, a New Zealand journalist, about life in New Zealand. Humorous story of the Winchester Dragon.
Date: December 31st 1976 - December 31st 1976
Personal View of Police Chief, David Parkinson interviewed by Beth Lloyd. Was brought up in Huddersfield and when he left school went in to an office and then did his national service. Came out at the age of 20 and went back to his old job but was then made redundant. Then decided to join the local police force. Worked on the beat for 3 years and was then selected for mobile patrol duties and worked in various parts in the police force and in 1963 was promoted to sergeant-as a sergeant did patrol work and operation room work. No management training in those days. 1964-Royal Commission into the police force-big changes-number of police forces reduced. Became a different police world-in 1966 had transferred as inspector to the Essex Police Force. First Record-Hallelujah Chorus from Handel's Messiah. Was married 12 months after joining the force in January 1954. The lives of policemen's wives can be very difficult but it depends on the policeman. Moved to the Essex Police Force as an inspector-change from Huddersfield-was a big change of policing. Then moved to the Hertfordshire Police Force-overlap between them and the Metropolitan Police Force. Was a superintendent in Watford. Cooperation between police forces is good although professional rivalry does exist although it does not affect solving crimes. Crime levels rose through the 1960s and 1970s although it has slowed down recently. Policemen were moved off the beat into cars around the mid 1960s and lost contact with the public but have now been moved back. In 1977 reached the rank of Chief Superintendent of Stevenage. Went through a course for chief officers-was made Assistant Chief Constable in the Derbyshire Police Force and then became Deputy Chief Constable from 1977-1983. Second Record-Ted Heath with Don Lusher playing Lush Slide. Personal View with Lieutenant Governor Peter Whiteley interviewed by Beth Lloyd. Had targeted a number of ambitions including making the job as lieutenant governor as relevant to islanders as possible. Has got to know many islanders. Some aspects are like a service job. Was a relaxation after working in the armed forces. Talks of the need to store the archives of the lieutenant governor. First Record-William Boyce Symphony No 5 by the Academy of St Martin in the Field. Originally wanted to become a journalist-second world war came and he dropped it all-gained an understanding of the job. Joined the Royal Marines and eventually became the commander in chief of the Allied Forces Northern Europe. It was a responsibility but didn't worry about it. Has had royal visits to the island-seven since he has been lieutenant governor. Was used to meeting royalty after his previous job. Felt frustrated when the Falklands War was taking place but was satisfied that the people doing the job knew what they were doing. His son was involved and was injured but has now recovered. Threat of nuclear war-can be both helpful and harmful to show films of the possibility. Second Record-Kathleen Ferrier with O Rest in the Lord from Mendelssohn's Elijah. Leaving Jersey next month-advice for the island-need to keep the island beautiful. Believes that the environment makes the man. Need to maintain agriculture. Interest in the work of Gerald Durrell-immense importance. Need to prevent the extinction of animals. Greenpeace-in many cases have spoiled their case by breaking the law and becoming over politicised. Is hopeful for the future. Third Record-Mozart's First Movement of the Piano Sonata No 11 in A Major. Personal View of Reverend Peter Manton, Rector of St John. His family first came to Jersey in 1897 and he was brought up in Jersey. Joined the militia. Went to the Modern School and Victoria College and then joined the Royal Jersey Militia. On the 1st September 1939 was called up at Grouville Arsenal-marked the end of peace days. Pleasant childhood in Jersey-his family was very poor. Caddied for golf in order to make some money. Scouts was the dominating force in his life as a teenager. Went into the army in the second world war. Had wanted to go in to the church since the age of 10. When he was 12 took a weather badge in the scouts which interested him greatly. Ideally he wanted to become a country priest with a weather station which he has now achieved. Got called in to the militia who guarded key points of the island. June 22nd 1940-all shipped to the Isle of Wight. Cut the telecommunication lines before they left. When he left thought he was leaving forever. First record-Morning by Grieg. Went to Grieg's home as chaplain on the Queen Elizabeth II in Norway. Was due to go on a Greek shop but his wife got ill and he had to cancel and they offered him the QE2 as an alternative later. Hard work-1600 people on board and 1200 crew-a lot of troubles to look after. Was happy fighting the German forces because he hated the Nazi doctrine. Had a strict upbringing-when he was 14 met a girl but it was broken up. Met her 20 years later by chance but she was married by then. Thinks there is too much freedom for young people now. Used to go on the train which he enjoyed greatly-inspired him to choose the next record. Second Record-recording of trains. Still interested in railways in England-takes part in trainspotting. It was part of the character and life of Jersey. Could buy a ticket from Snow Hill to Paris via the boat at Gorey Pier. Went off to the second world war-spent time with the Royal Hampshire's. At that time went into a church and made a vow that if he survived the war he would go into the church. Went out on D Day, then went out to India to fight the Japanese. After the war went to a theological college in Oxford-was accepted but was told he was too old by the bishop and that a younger man would give longer service. Joined the Meteorological Office at the Jersey Airport for 13 years. If he had gone into the church he would have been prepared to go wherever he was sent and would have been a better clergyman. Was happy to go into the Met Office-used to work from sunrise to sunset and then did 24 hour watches. Was an interesting job-has pleasure making notes on the weather. Had limited equipment at the end of the war-did a lot of observation of the sky. Had news by the radio of the weather in different parts of the world and then teleprinters. They were able to predict things remarkably accurately. Average rainfall in St John is 33 inches but in La Rocque it was 26 inches-big difference in a small island. Enjoyed his days in the Met Office. After 13 years in the Met Office he was sitting a civil service exam and at that time the Dean of Jersey asked him to reconsider ordination. Was offered promotion at the Jersey Airport but he wanted to wait for the bishop's decision whether to accept him. The Bishop of Winchester interviewed him and he was accepted. Third Record-Miserarie. Became curate of St Mark's Church for five years. Had full theological training at Whitcliffe Hall at Oxford-very disciplined life in college. Could have been sent anywhere but he was drawn back to Jersey-he understood the people he was serving. Helpful to understand parish life-is involved in the parish. Has extra functions than in England-looks after the churchyards and cemeteries. Thinks the church will always be important in island life. Fourth Record-Religious piece of music sung by Paul Phoenix. Was a curate for 5 years and was then invited to take St John's Church-was extremely nervous in take services on his own for the first time. Can be difficult for a first time rector-thought he had done very well for his first funeral but discovered he'd put the body in the wrong grave. Parishioners forgave the mistake. Has been rector of St John's for 17 years. Did not know the parish well previously-only went out there for the first time at 10 years of age. Only happy when he is taking services in church-a feeling of completion. Strong community in St John with the church playing a large part in this. Fifth Record-Pomp and Circumstance No 4. Still maintains his interest in the weather-weather hasn't changed much. The relationship between tides and the weather. End of Side Two.
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Showing 101 to 107 of 107 for Manton, P G K, Senator
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Halieutopsis ingerorum är en fiskart som beskrevs av Bradbury, 1988. Halieutopsis ingerorum ingår i släktet Halieutopsis och familjen Ogcocephalidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Marulkartade fiskar
ingerorum


text:
Home Top Stories Marjorie Taylor Greene Demands Seat On The January 6 Committee Of Pelosi!
Marjorie Taylor Greene Demands Seat On The January 6 Committee Of Pelosi!
Marjorie Taylor Greene, GOP Rep., wants to be a part of the select committee designed by Nancy Pelosi, House Speaker. This committee was mainly formed to examine and investigate the insurrection which took place on January 6.
Marjorie Taylor Greene Is Infamous For Spreading Conspiracy Theories!
CNN received this news from the freshman of Georgia on Thursday. CNN was also told by Marjorie Taylor Greene that Nancy Pelosi should allow her to be a part of her committee. She also added how great it would be for her and the committee. The interest of Marjorie Taylor Greene to be part of this committee will come in the form of irritation to all the lawmakers. The ones who want to unfold every detail of the insurrection that took place on 6th January will get bothered by her desire to get involved in this committee. Recently,
Greene has been rumored to be joining other Republicans of conservative nature to propagate unfounded claims regarding the Antifa movement of the far-left. She also suggested that there might be some involvement of the FBI inside the rioting that took place on 6th January. Pelosi's office has been reached by CNN for comment. CNN has questioned Pelosi's office multiple times regarding the new theory involving false flags.
This new theory is being promoted by the websites of right-wing nature and Fox News. These websites propagated this theory that the FBI was involved in the rioting which took place on 6th January. Marjorie Taylor Greene is notorious for spreading fake news and conspiracy theories. She was unable to provide any evidence backing up her claims. Marjorie Taylor Greene added that there are different varieties of people, who were a part of this rioting.
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John Roberts is the Chief Justice and he recently presented his case on behalf of judicial independence. This took place during his year-end annual...


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El rugby union, comúnmente conocido simplemente como rugby-15, es un  deporte de equipo de contacto cerrado que se originó en Inglaterra en la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Es uno de los dos códigos de rugby, y se basa en correr con el balón en la mano.  En su forma más común, se juega un partido entre dos equipos de 15 jugadores cada uno, utilizando un balón con forma de óvalo en un campo rectangular llamado terreno de juego. El campo tiene postes de portería en forma de H en ambos extremos.

El rugby union es un deporte muy popular en todo el mundo, practicado por jugadores de ambos sexos y de todas las edades. En 2014, había más de 6 millones de personas jugando en todo el mundo, de las cuales 2,36 millones eran jugadores registrados. La World Rugby, antes llamada International Rugby Football Board (IRFB) y International Rugby Board (IRB), es el organismo rector del rugby union desde 1886, y actualmente cuenta con 101 países como miembros de pleno derecho y 18 miembros asociados.

En 1845, los alumnos de la Escuela de Rugby redactaron las primeras leyes; otros acontecimientos significativos en el desarrollo temprano del rugby incluyen la decisión del Blackheath F.C. de abandonar la Asociación de Fútbol en 1863 y, en 1895, el cisma entre el rugby union y el rugby league.  Históricamente, el rugby union era un deporte amateur, pero en 1995 se eliminaron las restricciones formales sobre los pagos a los jugadores, convirtiendo el juego en abiertamente profesional al más alto nivel por primera vez.

El rugby union se extendió desde Gran Bretaña e Irlanda, con otros primeros exponentes del deporte como Australia, Nueva Zelanda, Sudáfrica y Francia. El deporte es seguido principalmente en las Islas Británicas, Francia, Oceanía, África del Sur, Argentina, y en menor medida Italia, Uruguay, los Estados Unidos, Canadá, y Japón, su crecimiento se produjo durante la expansión del Imperio Británico y a través de los defensores franceses (Rugby Europe) en Europa. Entre los países que han adoptado el rugby union como su deporte nacional de facto se encuentran Fiyi, Georgia, Madagascar, Nueva Zelanda, Samoa, Tonga y Gales.

Los partidos internacionales se celebran desde 1871, cuando se jugó el primer partido entre Escocia e Inglaterra en Raeburn Place en Edimburgo. La Copa del Mundo de Rugby, celebrada por primera vez en 1987, se celebra cada cuatro años. El Torneo de las Seis Naciones en Europa y el Rugby Championship en el hemisferio sur son otras importantes competiciones internacionales que se celebran anualmente.

Las competiciones nacionales de clubes y provinciales incluyen la Premiership en Inglaterra, el Top 14 en Francia, el NPC en Nueva Zelanda, la Top League en Japón y la Currie Cup en Sudáfrica. Otras competiciones transnacionales de clubes son el United Rugby Championship de equipos de clubes de Irlanda, Italia, Escocia, Sudáfrica y Gales, la European Rugby Champions Cup en Europa, el Super Rugby Pacific en Australia, Nueva Zelanda y las Islas del Pacífico.

Historia

El rugby tiene su origen en la forma de juego que se practicaba en la Rugby School, que los antiguos alumnos introdujeron después en sus universidades.

Se atribuye a un antiguo alumno de la Rugby School Albert Pell el haber formado el primer equipo de "fútbol" mientras era estudiante de la Universidad de Cambridge. Las principales escuelas privadas utilizaban cada una de ellas diferentes reglas durante este primer período, y los antiguos alumnos de Rugby y Eton intentaban llevar sus reglas preferidas a sus universidades.  Un acontecimiento importante en el desarrollo temprano del fútbol de rugby fue la producción de un conjunto de reglas escritas en la Escuela de Rugby en 1845, seguido de las Reglas de Cambridge que se elaboraron en 1848.

Formado en 1863, el organismo rector nacional The Football Association (FA) comenzó a codificar un conjunto de reglas universales de fútbol. Estas nuevas reglas prohibían específicamente que los jugadores corrieran con el balón en la mano y también desautorizaban el hacking (patear a los jugadores en las espinillas), ambas tácticas eran legales y comunes bajo las reglas del deporte de la Escuela de Rugby. En protesta por la imposición de las nuevas reglas, el Blackheath Club abandonó la FA seguido por varios otros clubes que también estaban a favor de las "reglas del rugby". Aunque estos clubes decidieron prohibir el hacking poco después, la división fue permanente, y las reglas codificadas de la FA se conocieron como "fútbol de asociación" mientras que los clubes que habían favorecido las Reglas del Rugby formaron la Rugby Football Union en 1871, y su código se conoció como "fútbol de rugby".

En 1895, se produjo un importante cisma dentro del rugby en Inglaterra en el que numerosos clubes del norte de Inglaterra renunciaron a la RFU por la cuestión del reembolso a los jugadores por el tiempo perdido en sus lugares de trabajo. La escisión puso de manifiesto las divisiones sociales y de clase de este deporte en Inglaterra. Aunque las reglas del juego no fueron un factor en la división, los equipos escindidos adoptaron posteriormente algunos cambios en las reglas y esto se convirtió en el código separado de la "liga de rugby" (Rugby League). A partir de entonces, el código de la RFU adoptó el nombre de "rugby union" para diferenciarlo de la liga de rugby, pero ambas versiones del deporte se conocen simplemente como "rugby" en la mayor parte del mundo.

Equipos y posiciones
.
Cada equipo comienza el partido con 15 jugadores en el campo y siete u ocho suplentes. Los jugadores de un equipo se dividen en ocho forwards (dos más que en rugby league) y siete backs.

Forwards
Las principales responsabilidades de los forwards (delanteros) son ganar y retener la posesión del balón. Los delanteros juegan un papel vital en el placaje y el rucking de los jugadores contrarios. Los jugadores en estas posiciones son generalmente más grandes y fuertes y participan en el scrum y el line-out.  Los forwards suelen ser denominados colectivamente como el "pack", especialmente cuando se encuentran en la formación de scrum.

Fila delantera
La primera línea está formada por tres jugadores: dosprops (puntales) (el loosehead prop y el tighthead prop) y el hooker. La función de los dos puntales es apoyar al hooker durante los scrums, proporcionar apoyo a los saltadores durante los line-outs y proporcionar fuerza y potencia en los rucks y mauls. La tercera posición en la primera línea es el hooker. El hooker es una posición clave en el juego ofensivo y defensivo y es responsable de ganar la pelota en el scrum. Normalmente los hookers lanzan la pelota en los saques laterales.

Segunda fila
La segunda fila consiste de dos locks o lock forwards. Por lo general los locks son los jugadores más altos del equipo, y se especializan en el salto del saque de lateral. El rol principal del lock en los saques laterales es realizar un salto en su sitio, a menudo apoyándose en los otros forwards, para sea atrapar la pelota que se ha lanzado o asegurarse de que la pelota queda de su lado del campo. Los locks también tienen un rol importante en el scrum, conectándose directamente detrás de los tres jugadores de la primera línea y proveyendo  fuerza para empujar hacia adelante.

Fila trasera
La fila de atrás, que no debe confundirse con los "Backs", es la tercera y última fila de las posiciones de delanteros, que a menudo se denominan delanteros sueltos. Las tres posiciones de la fila de atrás son los dos flankers y el número 8. Las dos posiciones de flanker, llamadas blindside flanker y openside flanker, son la última fila del scrum. Suelen ser los delanteros más móviles del juego. Su rol principal es ganar la posesión a través de los "turn overs". El número 8 se ubica entre los dos locks en el fondo del scrum. El rol del número 8 en el scrum es controlar la pelota después de que ha sido escorada hacia atrás desde el frente del pack, y la posición provee un enlace entre los forwards y los backs durante las fases de ataque. /

Backs
El papel de los backs es crear y convertir las oportunidades de anotar puntos. Generalmente son jugadores más pequeños, más rápidos y más ágiles que los forwards. Otra distinción entre los backs y los forwards es que se espera que los backs tienen habilidades superiores para patear y manejar la pelota, especialmente el fly-half, el scrum-half y el full-back.

Half-backs
Los half-backs (mediocampistas) consisten en dos posiciones, la scrum-half y la fly-half también conocidas en el hemisferio sur como, half-back y first five-eighth respectivamente. El fly-half es crucial para el plan de juego de un equipo, orquestando el desempeño del equipo. Generalmente son los primeros en recibir la pelota del scrum-half luego de un breakdown, lineout, o scrum, y necesitan ser decisivos con las acciones a tomar y ser efectivos en la comunicación con los backs externos. Muchos fly-halves son también los pateadores de goles de su equipo. El scrum-half es el nexo entre los forwards y los backs. Reciben la pelota del lineout y retiran la pelota de la parte posterior del scrum, usualmente pasándola al fly-half. También alimentan el scrum y a veces tienen que actuar como cuarto delantero suelto.

Three-quarters
Existen cuatro posiciones de three quarters (tres cuartos): dos centres (interior y exterior) y dos wings (izquierda y derecha), el centro interior es comúnmente conocido como el segundo cinco-ocho en el hemisferio sur. Los centros intentarán placar a los jugadores atacantes; mientras que en el ataque, deben emplear la velocidad y la fuerza para romper las defensas de la oposición. Los wings se posicionan generalmente en el exterior de la línea de fondo. Su función principal es terminar las jugadas y marcar los tries. Los extremos suelen ser los jugadores más rápidos del equipo y son corredores escurridizos que utilizan su velocidad para evitar los placajes.

Lateralmente,
El full-back se sitúa normalmente varios metros por detrás de la línea de fondo. Suelen recibir las patadas de la oposición y suelen ser la última línea de defensa en caso de que un oponente atraviese la línea de fondo. Dos de los atributos más importantes de un buen full-back son la capacidad de recepción fiable y un buen juego de patadas.

Reglas y el juego

Puntuación
El rugby union se juega entre dos equipos - el que anota más puntos gana el partido. Los puntos pueden anotarse de varias maneras: un try, anotado al apoyar la pelota en el área de in-goal (entre la línea de gol y la línea de pelota muerta), vale 5 puntos y una patada de conversión posterior anota 2 puntos; un penalty kick exitoso o un drop goal anotan 3 puntos cada uno. Los valores de cada uno de estos métodos de puntuación han cambiado a lo largo de los años.

Campo de juego
Según las Reglas de Juego de World Rugby, un campo de rugby típico, conocido formalmente como "campo de juego", está formado por dos zonas principales:

 El "área de juego", que incluye el "campo de juego" y los dos "in-goals", y
 El "área perimetral", un espacio despejado, libre de obstáculos como vallas y otros objetos que puedan suponer un peligro para los jugadores y los funcionarios (pero sin incluir las banderas de señalización, que suelen ser de construcción blanda).

El árbitro (y sus asistentes) generalmente tienen plena autoridad y responsabilidad sobre todos los jugadores y otros oficiales dentro del recinto de juego. Generalmente se utilizan vallas o cuerdas (sobre todo en los clubes amateurs) para marcar la extensión de esta área, aunque en los estadios modernos puede incluir todo el suelo del estadio u otro espacio designado.

Las reglas, sobre todo, exigen que la superficie del recinto de juego sea segura, aunque también permiten que se utilice hierba, arena, arcilla, nieve o césped artificial conforme; la superficie será generalmente uniforme en el área de juego y en el área perimetral, aunque dependiendo de la extensión del perímetro, se podrán utilizar otras superficies como tierra, césped artificial, etc. fuera de un perímetro "deslizante" desde los límites del área de juego.

Área de juego
En su mayor parte, el "área de juego" es el lugar donde se desarrolla la mayor parte del juego. Por lo general, el balón se considera vivo mientras está en esta área, siempre que los jugadores no cometan una infracción, con reglas especiales aplicadas a zonas específicas del área de juego.

El área de juego se compone de

 El "terreno de juego", delimitado por las líneas de banda y de meta (pero sin incluirlas), y
 Una zona de "in-goal" en cada extremo del campo, delimitada por, pero sin incluir, las dos líneas laterales paralelas de extensión (conocidas en este contexto como líneas de "touch in-goal") y la línea de pelota muerta, y su otro límite es la línea de goal (o "línea de try") que se incluye como parte de la zona de "in-goal".

Campo de juego
Un "campo de juego" típico suele tener 100 metros de largo por 68-70 metros de ancho para el rugby senior, dependiendo de los requisitos específicos de cada terreno. Las Leyes exigen que el campo de juego tenga una longitud de entre 94 metros (103 yardas) y 100 metros (109 yardas), con una anchura de entre 68 metros (75 yardas) y 70 metros (77 yardas).

Dado que otros códigos de fútbol, como el fútbol asociación y la liga de rugby, han especificado una anchura preferida o estándar de 68 metros, ésta se suele utilizar a menos que un terreno haya sido diseñado específicamente para albergar un campo de rugby de 70 metros. La longitud típica es de 100 metros, con una línea (véase más abajo) marcada a menudo a mitad de camino con "50", que representa 50 metros desde cada línea de gol. Las variaciones se han permitido en las Leyes, posiblemente para adaptarse a los campos más antiguos (quizás incluso antes de la metrificación, cuando se especificaban las yardas y los pies) y a las naciones en desarrollo.

Otras líneas y marcas
El terreno de juego está dividido por una línea sólida de "medio campo", trazada perpendicularmente a las líneas laterales en su punto medio. Se marcará una línea de 0,5 m perpendicular a las líneas de medio campo en su punto medio, que designará el lugar donde se efectuarán los saques de salida. Las zonas entre cada línea de meta y la línea de medio campo se denominan "mitades", como en otros códigos de fútbol.

También se trazan un par de líneas sólidas perpendiculares a las líneas laterales, a 22 metros (antiguamente 25 yardas) de cada extremo del terreno de juego y se denominan líneas de 22 metros, o "22". Un área en cada extremo, también conocida como la "22", está delimitada por las líneas laterales, la línea de meta y la línea de 22 metros, pero no las incluye. En esta zona, un jugador defensivo que atrape limpiamente un balón pateado por el otro equipo, sin que el balón haya tocado el suelo después del pateo, tiene derecho a reclamar un tiro libre, o "marca".

En cada mitad o en cada lado del campo se trazan otras líneas discontinuas (de 5 metros de longitud, según las Reglas), cada una de ellas con fines específicos según las Reglas:

 Líneas de "10 metros": Líneas discontinuas de 10 metros a cada lado y paralelas a la línea de medio campo, que designan la distancia mínima a la que debe retroceder un equipo receptor al recibir un saque de banda, y la distancia mínima que debe recorrer un saque de banda para ser legal. Equivalente a las líneas de 40 metros en la liga de rugby, pero generalmente marcadas de forma diferente.
 Líneas de "5 metros": Líneas discontinuas de 5 metros dentro del campo de juego, paralelas a cada línea de meta. Los scrrums no pueden estar más cerca de cada línea de goal que esta línea, y los árbitros a menudo sancionan más duramente las infracciones de scrum y ruck en esta área, ya que los equipos defensores a menudo tratan de sofocar el juego de breakdown del equipo atacante.
 "Pistas de tranvía/líneas de tranvía": Sin nombre en las Leyes y a veces también denominadas, de forma confusa, como las líneas de "5 metros" y "15 metros", estos dos pares de líneas discontinuas se dibujan paralelas a cada línea lateral, 5 metros y 15 metros, respectivamente, en el campo de juego desde la línea lateral más cercana, terminando en la línea de 5 metros de cada uno de sus respectivos extremos (paralela y adyacente a la línea de meta). El área entre estas líneas es donde los jugadores deben situarse al disputar un lanzamiento de lineout.
 Además, el área entre los dos conjuntos perpendiculares de líneas de "5 metros" (es decir, a 5 metros de cada línea lateral y a 5 metros de cada línea de goal) se designa como "zona de scrum". Cuando se produce una infracción fuera de esta zona y el lado no infractor desea formar un scrum, la marca del scrum será trasladada a la zona por el árbitro.

Generalmente, los puntos en los que las líneas discontinuas se cruzan con otras líneas se marcarán con una "T" o forma de cruz, aunque las extensiones de las líneas discontinuas generalmente no se dibujan a menos de 5 metros de las líneas de goal o de las líneas laterales, para permitir una clara demarcación de los límites del campo de juego.

Las Reglas exigen que el área de juego tenga forma rectangular, aunque se pueden permitir variaciones con la aprobación de los sindicatos correspondientes. Un ejemplo notable es el Chatswood Oval de Sídney (Australia), un campo de críquet de forma elíptica que es la sede del club de rugby Gordon, que tiene líneas de bola muerta curvas para maximizar el espacio disponible en el in-goal.

Cuando varios deportes comparten un campo (por ejemplo, un club de liga de rugby y otro de unión de rugby que comparten un campo), las líneas pueden superponerse unas a otras, a veces en diferentes colores. Sin embargo, sobre todo para la televisión, las marcas de las líneas del rugby union suelen estar pintadas de blanco. Algunas excepciones son los Wallabies (la selección nacional de Australia), que suelen tener marcas amarillas. Los clubes locales pueden utilizar el negro, el amarillo u otros colores en el césped, mientras que otras superficies pueden requerir técnicas de marcaje diferentes.

A diferencia del fútbol de asociación, donde la publicidad en el campo está estrictamente prohibida en las leyes, World Rugby permite pintar los logotipos de los patrocinadores en la superficie de juego. Esta es otra forma en la que los clubes pueden ganar dinero en la era profesional y también es utilizada a menudo por las naciones anfitrionas, las ligas profesionales y los torneos como fuentes de ingresos adicionales, particularmente cuando los partidos son transmitidos. En los últimos años, la tecnología de realidad aumentada se ha utilizado para reemplazar la pintura para proteger la superficie o ahorrar costes en la pintura de los campos, produciendo un efecto similar para la transmisión, aunque a veces con peores resultados.

Referencias

Rugby


Startups What do Tech Entrepreneurs do?
What do Tech Entrepreneurs do?
Now, why does that matter so much? In a sense, though not actually, it's a very subjective term defined differently by just about everyone and embraced but an increasing share of our economy because it's en vogue to say you're an entrepreneur (look back on our history with tech and you can see a progression of what it was cool to be: geek, hacker, startup founder, VC, and now entrepreneur – which by the way in the 80s generally meant you didn't have a real job so you were an entrepreneur).
We can agree to some extent that any one of those people might consider themselves an entrepreneur. Right?
But the problem with that is that a Startup Founder is not typically remotely the same as a Small Business Owner nor Inventor with IP/Patent but no business.
Why is that a problem? When we're all reading books about how to be an entrepreneur, networking at meetups for entrepreneurs, looking to work with/for entrepreneurs, etc. the needs of the owner of a software development firm are not remotely the same as the founder of the next Uber. Put all those entrepreneurs in the same room, or in front of investors, or working through hires, consultants, etc. and our economy wastes an incalculable amount of time in the simplest sense as an example that the investor in one is not the same as the investor in the other.
So, are you an "Entrepreneur"? Are You Sure??
The term entrepreneur was coined by an admirer of Adam Smith's book, The Wealth of Nations (which I'm presuming, nay, hoping you know). Entrepreneur is a French word coined by the economist Jean-Baptiste Say, and usually is translated as, "adventurer". Say studied Smith's book and, while agreeing on all points, found that the omission of enterprising businessmen was a serious flaw. Yes, Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations, one of the world's first and arguably founding works on what builds nations' wealth, neglected to consider the entrepreneur.
Say pointed out that it was entrepreneurs who seek out inefficient uses of resources and capital and moves them into more productive, higher yield areas. Entrepreneurs seek opportunities for profit and, by doing so, create new markets and fresh opportunities.
A ha! That's an entrepreneur. So… isn't that fairly accurate though of new business owners, people working for dev agencies and hacking on the side, etc.? No. Those are founders, owners, etc. Entrepreneurs are those who are constantly seeking out those inefficiencies and creating new MARKETS.
Now, inherent in the idea of creating those new markets from inefficiencies is that the entrepreneurs has to be a bit of an investor (if you will). It requires taking on greater than normal risks, investing oneself (time/money), and delivering greater returns. No? If you aren't creating a new market from a believed inefficiency, then you're probably just starting a new business, working with a proven model, working within an established market, etc. – ergo, by its very definition, not an entrepreneur.
That's not to discount the impact of starting new businesses! It's that semantics matter so we don't create misconceptions and misalignments in working with Founders vs. Business Owners vs. Investors vs. Entrepreneurs and so forth.
So what is a tech entrepreneur?
Well technology too should be defined a bit as many misconceive "Tech" to be referring to only software, the internet, laptops, etc. Hopefully you appreciate with me that that's not accurate.
Technology is merely the innovation of products or processes to make them, over time, more efficient and less expensive.
Paper was once what we might today consider technology. That eventually became digitized and found it's way through the internet and now we're looking at paper being reinvented as flexible digital screens. You get the idea.
Food even can be seen experiencing the impact of tech therein going back to the invention of the refrigerator (tech) and later the microwave (tech) to more recently seeing tech in Food by way of Square Payments, GMO, Mobile ordering, Deliver Services, and more while Food is still non-tech in vegetables, recipes, and meat.
Thus the tech entrepreneur is the person constantly seeking out inefficient uses of resources and capital and moving them through technology into more productive, higher yield areas. Tech entrepreneurs seek opportunities for profit and, by doing so, create new technology oriented markets and fresh opportunities.
What degrees do they usually have?
Well some of the most well-known technology entrepreneurs don't have any. And here's a great point at which to share some examples of the difference: Elon Musk? Tech entrepreneur. Michael Dell? Not. Bill Gates? Tech Entrepreneur. Thomas Edison and Nicola Tesla, both Tech Entrepreneurs. Jonas Salk or the Wright Brothers? Not.
I'd argue that subtext you've added to your primary question is misplaced – being an entrepreneur isn't something you learn and certify, it's a philosophy and approach to life that some people just have.


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Rakitovo Municipality () is a municipality in the Pazardzhik Province of Bulgaria. The municipality consists of three settlements: two towns and one village.

Demography

At the 2011 census, the population of Rakitovo was 15,064. Most of the inhabitants (54.66%) were Bulgarians, and there was a significant minority of Gypsies/Romani (15.75%). 28.96% of the population's ethnicity was unknown.

Communities

Towns
 Rakitovo
 Kostandovo

Villages
 Dorkovo

References

Municipalities in Pazardzhik Province


Absolutely beautiful and bright 2 bed, 2 bath unit at Belgravia in Burnaby South, SOUTHEAST facing. 9 ft high ceiling, huge floor-to-ceiling windows, gas fireplace. HUGE covered balcony. Walking distance to Taylor Park & Ron McLean Park, Taylor Park Elementary, Bryne Creek Secondary, grocery stores, Edmonds Skytrain Station, Highgate Shopping Centre. 5 minute drive to Metrotown. Must See! Open house: Apr 20 Sat 2-4PM.
I was searching for a Property and found this listing (MLS® #R2354838). Please send me more information regarding # 1406 6838 Station Hill Drive, Burnaby, BC, V3N 5A4. Thank you!
I'd like to request a showing of # 1406 6838 Station Hill Drive, Burnaby, BC, V3N 5A4 (MLS® #R2354838). Thank you!


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REIFF as an employer
Sustainability for the future
Acting in a sustainable way means thinking about tomorrow today. For a company, sustainability can only ever be a holistic ambition. Responsible business operation, far-sighted management, holistic personnel management, social commitment – all of that contributes together to the sustainability of our Group.
It goes without saying that we impose the same standards on our collaborating suppliers and partners as we do on ourselves – far beyond Germany's borders.
Ecology and climate
Professional recycling of all materials
Numerous materials that REIFF companies work with are subject to special disposal requirements and are disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner. That means: We commission certified waste disposal companies that recycle waste products reliably and expertly. In this way we make a commitment to the environment and ensure environmentally friendly recycling.
Recycling at REIFF
Our production processes unavoidably generate waste products and residues. Where possible, these are recycled. This is how we obtain secondary raw materials from waste and by-products that are no longer needed, thus sustainably protecting resources.
Climate protection on a small and large scale
We also use resources sparingly in our day-to-day work. For example, we operate solar energy installations on many of our building roofs, work largely paper-free and combine delivery routes wherever possible. A sophisticated kanban system helps to reduce the planning effort and avoid overproduction.
Dealing with hazardous substances
Should hazardous substances prove to be unavoidable in processing even after conscientious deliberation, we hereby guarantee that we will handle them in a responsible and professional manner.
The health of our employees is extremely important to us. Occupational safety is therefore a big priority of ours. We also regularly offer our own health courses to inform our employees about topics such as relaxation techniques and how to help prevent back pain.
Social justice and equal opportunity for all people are important values when dealing with others. REIFF insists on the equality of all people and accords employees the same rights.
REIFF employs people from a total of 34 countries – people from the most diverse biographical and cultural backgrounds. We actively champion interpersonal relationships, integration and mutual respect with respect to our employees.
Further education and training
As a company group in dynamic markets, we are in a state of constant flux. This also requires a continuous further development of our employees. We actively foster this development – through regular in-house and external training and further education courses.
The REIFF Group has had its headquarters in Reutlingen, Germany for over 100 years. This connects and obliges in equal measure. As one of the city's largest employers, REIFF is committed to the region in various organisations.
In addition to many school projects, REIFF supports
the Württemberg Philharmonic Orchestra as a foundation member
the SSV Reutlingen 05 football club and the Reutlingen Tennis Club
the Reutlingen Art Association
INTERIM e.V., which supports the art biennial in the Swabian Alb biosphere region
ARCHE children's intensive care
Tübingen Children's Hospital
the Bruderhaus Diakonie care home
REIFF Technische Produkte
KREMER


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Unfortunately "An Officer And A Gentleman" is no longer available to stream on NOW in the UK. It may return in the future but we don't know when... Sorry!
Still want to watch? Why not rent or buy 'An Officer And A Gentleman' from one of the online services below?
Date Added: 1st February 2020
Date Removed: 1st February 2023
Available for: 37 months
Classic romantic drama starring Richard Gere as a troubled trainee naval officer who falls for Debra Winger's sassy factory girl.
Guidance: Scenes of a sexual nature
Director: Taylor Hackford
Cast: Richard Gere, Debra Winger, Louis Gossett Jr., David Keith
Studio: Paramount Pictures Intl.
IMDB: Discover more...
IMDB Rating:


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Homelessness in Infancy Has Lasting Health Effects in Kids
Troy Brown, RN
Children who experienced homelessness or housing instability in infancy had higher rates of asthma, more emergency department visits, and higher healthcare costs through age 6 years, compared with those who had stable housing, new data show.
"Children born during a period of family homelessness have significantly greater health risks from birth through early childhood. Our analyses suggest that unstable housing's impact on infants and children goes beyond the more general effects of poverty," the authors write.
Robin E. Clark, PhD, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, and colleagues' findings were published in the May issue of Health Affairs.
To identify infants who had experienced homelessness, the researchers used claims-based diagnosis and procedure codes from Medicaid claims and Massachusetts emergency shelter enrollment records. They identified all live births that occurred during the 12 months immediately preceding or the 12 months after the date of shelter entry between 2008 and 2015.
"We adopted this broader definition of homelessness based on research showing that housing instability often precedes shelter entry and that unstable housing is associated with increased health risks and use of health care services," they explain.
They identified 5762 infants with a history of homelessness; 5553 infants were matched with regard to sex, race/ethnicity, location, and birth month.
During an infant's first year, those who experienced homelessness were significantly more likely to visit an emergency department or to be hospitalized than those in the matched group. In addition, median healthcare costs were higher for the infants who experienced homelessness.
Homeless infants were no more likely to receive care in a neonatal intensive care unit, but for those who did receive such care, median stays were longer. There were no significant differences in the rates of infants with short gestation periods or fetal growth retardation, but homeless infants were significantly more likely to have low birthweight (16.13% vs 12.07%; P = .01).
"Greater risk of low birthweight among homeless infants suggests that the focus on ensuring a stable living situation should begin before or during pregnancy. Early identification and stabilization is essential for preventing longer-term effects on children's health," Clark told Medscape Medical News.
Infants in the homeless group had higher rates of upper respiratory infections (59.15% vs 51.65%), other lower respiratory diseases (43.93% vs 32.22%), fevers of unknown origin (39.22% vs 29.68%), allergic reactions (37.96% vs 32.87%), other nutritional, endocrine, or metabolic disorders (37.42% vs 32.32%), injuries due to external causes (12.18% vs 8.75%), developmental disorders (11.37% vs 5.83%), and asthma (9.84% vs 5.92%) during their first year of life (for all, P < .0001).
Most of these differences in health conditions continued for 2 or 3 years.
Differences in rates of fever and allergies were significant during the first 2 years, and differences in rates of respiratory diseases, nutritional disorders, and injury remained significant at 3 years.
Rates of asthma persisted through age 6 years. They rose steadily during the first 4 years and remained high for the following 2 years.
"Unstably housed children are at greater risk for developing asthma. While there are many potential contributing factors, stress and poor-quality housing may be particularly important. Helping a family get permanent, decent housing quickly may be one of the most important strategies for improving asthma outcomes. Again, knowing about a child's history of unstable housing may prompt clinicians to look more closely for evidence of asthma and other respiratory conditions," Clark said.
Emergency department visits and healthcare spending remained significantly higher in the exposed group vs the unexposed group through age 6 years.
Assess Living Situation at Each Encounter
"Infants and children experiencing unstable housing have frequent healthcare encounters, which presents an important opportunity for screening, identification, and referral for those at risk for homelessness. Housing situations can change rapidly, so it is important to ask about a child's living situation at each encounter," Clark told Medscape Medical News.
Clark explained that it is important to have strong relationships with social service providers who have housing expertise. He said that screening may be ineffective if housing is not available or is hard to obtain.
Children remain at increased risk for health problems even after obtaining stable housing. Knowing that a child has previously been homeless may provide the clinician with clues for preventing or addressing future health problems, Clark continued.
Effective screening and a "strong working relationship with community providers who can respond quickly" are key to reducing the duration of a child's experience with unstable housing. Clinicians should monitor a child's health and social situation for several years after housing stabilizes, Clark added.
"Solutions to family homelessness go beyond the bounds of healthcare. While clinicians play a critical role in identifying families at risk and addressing their immediate healthcare needs, longer-term solutions require more affordable housing and more reliable financial support for pregnant women and young families. We must all broaden our view of health interventions to include social factors, like affordable housing, that play a critical role in determining health," he concluded.
The authors have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Health Aff. Published online May 6, 2019. Full text
Cite this: Homelessness in Infancy Has Lasting Health Effects in Kids - Medscape - May 07, 2019.
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You are in: Home / Resources / Tax Rates And Allowances / Full List
In this document you will find:
Tax Free Mileage Allowances
Main rate pool: writing down allowance
Special rate pool (long life assets, integral features): writing down allowance 6% 6%
Annual Investment Allowance (AIA) cap: £1,000,000 £1,000,000
Structures and Buildings Allowance 2% 2%
Expenditure within the AIA qualifies for 100% allowance in the year of purchase. The AIA cap is currently £1,000,000 from the 1st January 2019 for two years. On the 1st of January 2021 the AIA limit is expected to be reduced to £200,000 again. If the accounting period is shorter or longer than 12-months the AIA cap is apportioned based on the length of the period.
The AIA allows businesses to invest in equipment and fixtures (cars and buildings don't qualify), with 100% tax relief in the year of purchase.
Enveloped Dwellings
The annual tax on enveloped dwellings (ATED) applies where a residential property located in the UK is owned by a non- natural person such as; a company, partnership with a corporate member or a collective investment scheme. There are a large number of reliefs and exemptions from the charge, but where such a relief does not apply the ATED charge must be paid by 30 April within the year at the following rates:
Property value £ Annual charge 2019/20 £
Up to 500,000 Nil
500,001 to 1,000,000 3,650
1,000,001 - 2,000,000 7,400
2,000,001 - 5,000,000 24,800
5,000,001 - 10,000,000 57,900
10,000,001 - 20,000,000 116,110
Over £20,000,000 232,350
The rates and annual exemption for capital gains tax are as follows:
2019/20 (£)
Annual exemption £12,300
Annual exemption for most trustees and personal representatives £6,000
Rate for gains within the basic rate band 10%
Rate for gains above the basic rate band 20%
Gains on residential property (that do not qualify for private residence relief) within the basic rate band 18%
Gains on residential property (that do not qualify for private residence relief) above the basic rate band 28%
Rate for gains subject to entrepreneurs" relief 10%
Lifetime limit for gains subject to entrepreneurs" relief £1,000,000
The corporation tax rates for small and large companies was aligned at 20% from April 2015. This removed the need for the associated companies rule and the marginal rate of corporation tax was also abolished. The rates for the three financial years to 31 March 2021 are as follows:
Year beginning 1 April: 2019 2020 2021
Research and Development (R&D)
Small and medium (SME) companies can claim enhanced deductions for expenditure on R&D projects at 230% of qualifying expenditure. Where the deduction is claimed and the company makes a loss, it can claim a cash credit from HMRC of 14.5% of that loss.
Research and Development Expenditure Credit (RDEC) scheme
Large companies can claim an 13% uplift on the following qualifying expenditure:
Staffing costs
Expenditure on externally provided workers
Software and materials
Contributions to independent research
Subcontractors of qualifying bodies and individuals/partnerships
RDEC differs from the previous R&D scheme for large companies as it is an 'above the line' tax credit and can be accounted for in the profit/loss statement.
Around 53 enterprise zones have been formed around the country to encourage investment and job formation. Businesses in some of those zones can claim 100% capital allowances on the equipment they use within the zone. The period for which those 100% allowance are available has been extended by three years to 31 March 2020.
Recent income tax rates and bands are as follows:
Savings rate: 10%, 0% from 2015/16 Up to £5,000 Up to £5,000 Up to £5,000
Dividend Allowance: 0% Up to £2,000 Up to £2,000 Up to £2,000
Basic rate: 20% Up to £34,500 Up to £37,500 Up to £37,500
Higher rate: 40% £34,501 - £150,000 £37,501 - £150,000 £37,501 - £150,000
Additional rate: 45% Over £150,000 Over £150,000 Over £150,000
When the personal allowance is taken into account an individual will start to pay tax at 40% when their total income exceeds £50,000 in 2019/20. This threshold (and the 45% threshold) can be increased if the taxpayer pays personal pension contributions or makes gift aid donations.
For 2020/21 the intermediate rate band on non-savings income for Scottish Taxpayers is set at £43,430. For all other income types it remains in line with the main UK band of 50,000.
Scottish Income Tax Rates and Bands for non-savings income
Starter rate: 19% Up to £2,000 Up to £2,049 Up to £2,085
Basic rate: 20% £2,001 to £12,150 £2,050 to £12,444 £2,086 to £12,658
Intermediate rate: 21% £12,151 to £31,580 £12,445 to £30,930 £12,659 to £30,930
Higher rate: 41% £31,581 - £150,000 £30,931 to £150,000 £30,931 to £150,000
Personal Allowances
The standard personal allowance is £12,500 for 2019/20.
The transferrable marriage allowance applies from 6 April 2015 to couples (married or civil partners) where neither person pays tax at the 40% or 45% rates. The spouse who cannot use all their personal allowance against their own income may opt to transfer 10% of their personal allowance to their spouse or civil partner.
The personal allowance is tapered away for individuals who have income over £100,000, at the rate of £1 for every £2 of income above that threshold.
The allowances for recent years are as follows:
2018/19 (£) 2019/20 (£) 2020/21 (£)*
Personal Allowances £11,850 £12,500 £12,500
Minimum married couples allowance £3,360 £3,450 £3,510
Maximum married couples allowance £8,695 £8,915 £9,075
Marriage allowance £1,190 £1,250 £1,250
Blind person's allowance £2,390 £2,450 £2,500
Income limit for allowances for Married couple's allowance £28,900 £29,600 £29,600
Income limit for standard allowances £100,000 £100,000 £100,000
Personal allowance removed completely at: £123,700 £125,000 £125,000
*2020/21 figures were announced in the 2020 Spring Budget and are subject to enactment.
The inheritance tax (IHT) nil rate band will remain frozen at £325,000 until April 2021, and the rates of IHT payable on death remain unchanged at 40% or 36% where at least 10% of the net estate is left to charity.
The government will consult on extending the existing IHT exemption for the estates of members of the armed forces, whose death is caused or hastened by injury while on active service, to members of the emergency services.
An additional nil-rate band (the 'residence nil rate band' (RNRB)) was introduced from 2017/18 and applies when a residence is passed on death to direct descendants.The RNRB is being phased in between 2017/18 and 2020/21 as follows:
£100,000 in 2017/18
£125,000 in 2018 /19
The value of RNRB is tapered away at £1 for every £2 by which the value of the total estate exceeds £2 million.
Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS)
SEIS was introduced to encourage people to invest in companies that have just started trading by offering tax reliefs to investors that buy shares in the company.
The table below shows the income and capital gains tax reliefs that apply:
Rate of income tax relief 50%
Maximum investment qualifying for income tax relief £100,000
Gains exempt from CGT relief on investment in SEIS shares: 50%
Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS)
EIS is available to companies that are looking to grow by offering tax reliefs to investors that buy new shares in the company.
Maximum investment qualifying for income tax relief £1,000,000
Gains exempt from CGT relief on investment in SEIS shares: 100%
Social Investment Tax Relief (SITR)
SITR is available to encourage people to support social enterprises.
SITR
Gains exempt from CGT relief on investment in EIS shares: 100%
Venture Capital Trusts (VCTs)
VCTs are available to encourage people to invest in companies and social enterprises that are not listed on any recognised stock exchange.
The ISA investment limits are as follows:
ISA for shares and/or cash £20,000 £20,000 £20,000
Junior ISA and Child Trust Fund £4,260 £4,368 £9,000
Spring 2020 Budget confirmed that the ISA savings limit will remain at £20,000 for 2020/21. The Junior ISA and Child Trust Fund annual savings limits will however, rise to £9,000 from 6 April 2020.
From 1 December 2015 first time buyers can open a help to buy ISA to help save for their first home. The Government will contribute a 25% bonus, up to £3,000 per ISA
+which is paid when the funds are used to buy the home.
From 6 April 2017 UK resident individuals aged between 18 and 40 may open a lifetime ISA to save up to £4,000 per year. The Government will contribute a 25% bonus up to £1,000 per year. The funds can be withdrawn from age 60 onwards or when the saver is terminally ill. The savings may also be used to help purchase the saver's first home worth up to £450,000, after the account has been open for at least 12 months. The Government bonus will be lost if the funds are accessed for other purposes.
Premium Bonds
Individuals may invest up to £50,000 in premium bonds. Any winnings are tax free. The odds of winning a prize for each £1 bond number are currently 24,500 to 1. The annual prize fund interest rate is currently 1.40% (December 2017). There are two £1m prizes and four £100,000 prizes per month.
The rates and thresholds for National Insurance Contributions for 2020/21 are:
Class: Weekly earnings Rate
Employer Class 1 above Secondary threshold Over £169 13.8%
Employee's class 1 £183 to £962 12%
Employee's additional class 1 Over £962 2%
Married woman's rate* £183 to £962 5.85%
Self-employed class 2 (per week) N/A £3.05
Share fishermen class 2 (per week) N/A £3.70
Volunteer development workers class 2 N/A £5.90
Class 3 ( per week) N/A £15.30
Annual profit thresholds
Self-employed class 4 £9,500 to £50,000 9%
Self-employed class 4 additional rate Over £50,000 2%
*only available for women who made a valid married woman's election before 11 May 1977.
Main residence relief (also known as 'principal private residence' relief (PPR)) provides relief from capital gains tax on the disposal of (or of an interest in) a dwelling which has been the individual's only or main residence, and on land enjoyed with that residence as its garden or grounds up to half a hectare, or more if the additional land is required for the reasonable enjoyment of the property.
The relief is time apportioned for periods of occupation, and for certain periods of deemed occupation. In particular, relief for the final 18 month period of ownership is given, if the property was at some time the individual's only or main residence.
Where two or more properties are owned, the taxpayer may elect, within certain time limits, which property is to be treated as his main residence.
Married couples and civil partners may have only one main residence at any time between them which qualifies for the relief.
Lettings relief
If the main residence has been wholly or partly let as residential accommodation at any time in the period of ownership, lettings relief can provide an exemption for gains limited to the lower of:
the gain attributable to the let period;
£40,000 per owner; and
the gain exempt as main residence relief.
First 10,000 business miles in the tax year Each mile over 10,000 miles in the tax year Extra passenger making same trip
Cars and vans 45p 25p 5p
Motorcycles 24p 24p N/A
Bicycles 20p 20p N/A
These rates represent the maximum tax-free mileage allowances for employees using their own vehicles for business. Any excess is taxable. If the employee receives less than the statutory rate, tax relief can be claimed on the difference.
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So if you know me, or read this blog, you probably know that turtles are pretty much up there at the top of my list as far as animals go. I've been a turtle nut for as long as I can possibly remember, and I've peppered turtle posts throughout the years at this blog. I just can't help myself, I suppose, I'm a sucker for a nice turtle.
This past Sunday afternoon I photographed this common map turtle. Or I thought it was a common map turtle. I even named my photo for this post "common_map_turtle_olentangy". I always do a little cursory research before I post something, and my search for common map turtle turned up a wiki article for "Northern Map Turtle". Northern Map Turtle? What the heck is that? Well- it turns out that there is a committee that produces a list of standard common and scientific names for North American Herps north of Mexico.
In their latest publication the committee changed the name from "common map turtle" to "northern map turtle". Why? They give this reasoning- "We have changed the name from Common Map Turtle because of the possibility that the word "common" might be misinterpreted to imply abundance rather than to the fact that it has a broad range."
There you go- broad range, not necessarily common. Therefore, we have the Northern Map Turtle. That name is going to take me some time to get used to.
I previously typed a long (better) response but lost it somehow.
Basically, take that list as a grain of salt. There are two bodies that argue over a "common names" list. One is CNAH run by Joe Collins, who also now is the author of the Peterson Guide, and the other is SSAR. Joe used to be in SSAR but left and started his own organization due to disagreements.
The list you link is out of date ('00), the newest version is the 6th (08) and there is a completely current version that is constantly updated online. The CNAH list still has "common map turtle", the SSAR one has "northern map turtle". I find myself becoming an old fart and sticking to older names. I have yet to start using Lithobates, Anaxyrus and I sure am not calling them "northern map turtles". What gets really interesting is when Collins publishes the new Peterson Guide with "common" but the Ohio guys publish the Ohio reptile guide with "northern". What do you use then?
I will be herping southern OH again this Fri and am pumped. MI has some awesome turtle diversity, but I miss box turtles badly.
I keep looking for a turtle. Any turtle will do. I hope to see one turtle along Twin Creek but so far have not seen anything that looks like a turtle. Sometimes, my memory tells me they lay on logs sticking out of the water to enjoy the sun, but I never see them either. I like the turtle you shot and that's about as far as I would go in calling it a specific kind of turtle. I have only heard of a "box" turtle in my life. I am not even sure where I heard that name.
BH- Good points. Does Michigan have anything turtle-wise that Ohio doesn't? Enjoy!
Abe- Yes- your best bet is to look for logs in the pool of the river- a large area with deep slow moving water. During the summer, turtles bask on those types of logs starting in the morning when the sun hits the log- They warm up, and when they're warm, they'll enter the water and start looking for food.
Box turtles are definitely around, especially in southern and southeastern Ohio- I posted a picture of one that I encountered a few weeks ago.
Ohio has Michigan beat pretty much across the board, even with turtle diversity. That being said, MI has my personal favorite, the wood turtle (Glyptemys insculpta). I spend most of each summer paddling rivers in northern MI for these beasties. In fact, I already found 4 back in early May on a couple different trips despite the cool temps and even colder water. Ohio has a record or two of wood turtles that were found just east of Youngstown, which might possibly have wandered over from Penn, but at this time they are not officially recognized to my knowledge. Other than that the buckeye state continues to take the cake. MI lacks smooth softies and ouachita maps. If you happen to find a box turtle, it is a pretty big deal. I should spend time looking for the ouachita maps, but I miss flipping tin and hiking timbers too much.


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text:
City bids more than expected on St. Bernard Community Garden
Even in its dormant, winter state, the St. Bernard plot is a crowded community garden.
Trevor McElroy, who has been gardening at St. Bernard Community Garden for more than two years, is one of the members working to save the garden.
In an edge-of-your-seat bidding process, the City successfully bid on 1010 S. Saint Bernard St., home of the Saint Bernard Community Garden, Wednesday morning.
When the plot of land that comprises three-quarters of the garden was listed for auction at a sheriff sale in October, members of the garden feared an individual or developer would buy the land.
As Eyes on the Street previously reported, the gardeners worked with City Councilwoman Jannie Blackwell to postpone the auction and convinced the City to bid on the property.
The gardeners were initially told the City would bid no more than $47,000, the amount of debt owed in back taxes, but this morning, the City bid $71,500.
For several tense moments, though, it was unclear if the City would bid at all.
Bidding started at $1,000, and four individuals stood to bid. The City representative remained seated, and afraid the City would not bid, an individual from the garden began bidding. She sat down when the price reached $12,000.
The price rose to $51,000. Just before the auctioneer was to declare the property sold, she received word that something had changed and told the audience the auctioneers would come back to the sale of 1010 S. Saint Bernard St. in a moment.
A few moments later, the auctioneer informed the audience that the City bid $1,000 through $71,500 and asked for a counter bid. No one had an offer, and the land went to the City.
The Friends of the Saint Bernard Community Garden will now work with the City to preserve the garden. The gardeners will also work to secure the second lot that the garden is on. That lot also has back taxes and is on a list of delinquent properties to be auctioned.
Urban farms still struggle to put down legal roots
TreePhilly spreading "arborly love" this spring
Bartram's Garden wetlands restoration, expansion underway to offset airport project


text:
Addiction treatment providers agree the Doorway is working
By Susan Geier, Granite State News Collaborative
Dec 15, 2019 at 3:01 AM Dec 15, 2019 at 8:13 AM
Across New Hampshire, addiction treatment providers � the spokes in the hub-and-spoke service delivery system � agree the Doorway is working. People are entering treatment and services are better coordinated, even if there have been some hiccups in rolling the Doorway system out.
With one year left on the two-year federal grant, such hiccups are symptoms of a greater systemic dysfunction, something providers say needs to be addressed before the money runs out, including:
* The need for brick-and-mortar treatment centers, especially in northern New Hampshire.
* A more robust public awareness campaign about the Doorway.
* More long-term prevention initiatives.
* More statewide affordable housing options.
Entering the Doorway
"It really helps us (at Concord Hospital) because we are able to have a place to send for additional referrals or if a person needs more services such as housing," said Monica Edgar, APRN, director of substance use services at the hospital. She is also a care provider at the CHOICES program, part of Riverbend Community Mental Health Center (both are spokes), and sits on the Governor�s Commission on Alcohol and Other Drugs.
"It�s been able to create this access," she said, which is a big improvement over how it used to work.
Before, if someone came into the hospital needing treatment, the front-line staff had to manually look up providers and hand out phone numbers, Edgar said. Now thanks to the Doorway, there is a coordinated assessment, tracking and referral system.
Each Doorway assesses individuals, assigns a case manager and refers those who enter to a treatment provider. They are also responsible for tracking each person�s progress and reporting on it at intake, six months in and at discharge. Should someone go directly to a treatment provider that provider refers them to the Doorway to get the process started. Providers have different types and levels of care and the Doorway keeps track of those options and determines which are appropriate for each individual.
"The Doorway program is great, but there is always work to be done to make it better in terms of workflow," said Noel Cassen, manager of peer support and admissions coordinator at CHOICES in Concord.
For example, a Doorway may make a couple of referrals and send the person where they can start treatment instead of being on a wait list. Sometimes a patient may then be referred elsewhere and that initial provider doesn�t always know what has happened.
However, Cassen said, the main point is the person is in the system and being treated.
Need for more resources continues
Edgar said a shortage of qualified staff is a significant factor. "I�m down two counselors right now at the hospital. Staffing is a big piece for the Doorways."
Denise Elwart, director of operations for Southeastern New Hampshire Alcohol & Drug Abuse Services in Dover, said there aren�t enough spokes in the system.
"It�s hard to find programs that have openings," she said. "There�s not a lot of funding for brick and mortar � this (SOR grant) is short-term funding. "
Elwart commended Peter Fifield, program manager for the Doorway-Dover, for his work finding staff and launching the Doorway.
"I know they weren�t given a lot of time to get it up and going," she said. "Kudos to him. He�s done yeoman�s work getting it running."
Overall, providers say regional Doorways have simplified the process, which takes the burden off emergency room staff and primary care providers because they just have to remember one number (the Doorway) for patient assessment and treatment.
Tym Rourke, director of New Hampshire Tomorrow at the New Hampshire Charitable Foundation and member of the Governor�s Commission on Alcohol and Other Drugs, said thanks to the Doorways thousands of people have found a place to go and ask for help in a more equitable way across the state.
Tracking where people go for help and what services they need � even beyond treatment for opioid addiction�� informs the state about what services are needed.
Nancy Frank, CEO of the North Country Health Consortium that works with the Doorways in Littleton and Berlin, said it's a challenge for those farther north in towns such as Colebrook because the closest Doorway is an hour away in Berlin. While there are some transportation services through Tri-County Transit and others, and some Medicaid reimbursement, it can still be difficult to access a ride.
Getting the word out
Frank and other providers said any kind of marketing or promotional campaign was slow to get out. She said she understands the program had to be launched quickly, but the promotional campaign wasn�t there.
"In my opinion," she said, "I still think providers have no idea what it is or a lot of providers have heard of it but don�t know what it is."
Rourke said DHHS and Doorways deserve a lot of credit for getting the Doorway system up and running in three months.
"This (SOR funding) was the biggest amount of money the state has ever received in one fell swoop and they had three weeks to figure out how to spend it," he said. "I�ve never seen anything like it."
Rourke said once the state was notified SOR funds were available, it had three weeks to submit an application stating what it would do with the funds. When the funds were received, the state had three months to get that money into the community.
"Nothing has gone perfectly but lots of people are finding help and getting treatment," said Eric Spofford, CEO of Granite Recovery Center in Concord. "It has certainly expanded the system of care, but this is a problem that took a very long time to get like this. We�re not going to fix this in a year or two or an election cycle. This is going to be over decades or generations."
Long-term investment is needed. The system of care in New Hampshire is still fragmented and the waiting list for in-patient treatment beds is one of the biggest issues.
"We get 500 calls a month just from New Hampshire Medicaid patients (for in-patient beds). That�s just people from New Hampshire," Spofford said.
Those callers are referred to the Doorways for services, and he said there are 40 to 60 people a day on a waiting list.
Granite Recovery Center has nine drug rehab facilities across New Hampshire, including two in-patient residential programs. Spofford and others are working to increase inpatient treatment beds for people with New Hampshire Medicaid.
One of the most significant issues is not knowing if the federal funding, which is set to expire in September 2020, will be renewed. Providers are hesitant to invest in additional capacity because funding for treatment is uncertain.
Doorway program contracts rely on federal funding, and it is noted in the contact language, "In the event that the federal funds become no longer available, (state) General Funds will not be requested to support this program."
In November, an additional $2,111,500 was awarded through the State Opioid Response grant to provide crisis respite beds for men, which fills a gap identified by the Doorways. Granite Recovery was awarded $1,003,570, which Spofford said will mean an additional 11 respite beds, and $1,107,750 was awarded to NH Respite LLC in Nashua for 12 respite beds. Other centers received an increase in the amount they received per day for Medicaid patient beds but it still doesn�t cover the whole cost.
Spofford said the state needs to do a better job at prevention. Opioids became a problem in the late 1990s, but only on the radar of the media and general population within the last five years.
"New Hampshire has very high addiction rates with very low rates for addiction treatment," he said.
Is self-sustaining system possible?
Sara Lutat, executive director of Dismas Home of NH in Manchester, said the three-year-old nonprofit gets some referrals from the Doorway. However, Dismas Home only serves women who have been in a substance-use disorder program while incarcerated and need additional treatment upon release.
Dismas Home has six beds (soon to be eight) and provides several months of transitional programming after those 90 days.
"We do have SOR funding, but it is only for opioid (addiction treatment)," she said. "There�s a whole big picture beyond just the addiction. There isn�t enough money to fund building the infrastructure that is needed."
One of the biggest needs, Lutat said, is housing. The women she sees at Dismas Home have felony convictions, are recovering from underlying trauma, and usually only get low-paying jobs, which isn�t enough to afford decent housing�� even if it existed. Child care adds another challenge for this population.
"There are so many issues tied to this population," she said. "They need a whole spectrum of services."
Rourke agreed. "Grants, no matter how big, don�t hit the fundamentals like housing, transportation and child care. The real question is how scalable the system is to meet the needs not just of people seeking recovery today but in the future."
Frank expressed a need for more infrastructure in the Doorway such as agreements between the hubs and spokes. A list of providers is not readily available or on the state�s Doorway website.
"Any resources we can get are great," Frank said, adding even if the Doorway went away the relationships built through this process would remain, and this is a benefit to her organization and other health workers.
This story was produced by the Granite State News Collaborative as part of its Granite Solutions reporting project. For more information visit collaborative.org. Follow us on Twitter @NewsGranite and like us on facebook @collaborativenh.


text:
Q: Mongo db that does not exist but shows up in connection I have dropped a MongoDB database called 'test' but when I connect to mongod it shows it in the connection. Please see the code below. Can you please help me understand what is going on? Is this a bug or I am missing something? Why is it that test is not in the list of databases when using show dbs command.
Thanks for the help.
Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]
Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
C:\Users\Me>c:\mongodb\bin\mongo
MongoDB shell version: 2.4.8
connecting to: test

db

test

show dbs

local   0.078125GB
>

A: Your show dbs output only has one db, local, which is created automatically. If you don't specify a database on startup the mongo shell defaults to test which is why you see "connecting to: test". The database test will not be created until you start inserting data into a collection in it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


CONNOISSEUR MEDIA Rock WWSK (94-3 THE SHARK)/LONG ISLAND has promoted ROB RUSH to PD, and BRIAN ORLANDO to APD. RUSH replaces OM PATRICK SHEA, who remains OM overseeing RUSH and ORLANDO.
RUSH, with WWSK since 2003 and MD since AUGUST 2017, said "We'll continue to be Everything That Rocks ... and then some! I work with really awesome people, and we keep it grassroots, and are very involved with our listeners and the local communities we serve."
ORLANDO, THE SHARK's current morning host, and now APD said, "94.3 THE SHARK has provided me the most and best opportunities of my career. I look at this as the next great adventure!"
LONG ISLAND's SVP/Regional Strategy/Market Manager JIM CONDRON said, "It is always a pleasure to be able to recognize and reward talents like ROB and BRIAN becauseboth of these men live and breathe THE SHARK. We are very fortunate to have two such talented individuals expanding their roles with us."
CONNOISSEUR MEDIA's Dir./Brand Management MICHELLE STEVENS added "It's always exciting to see people rewarded for their passion and forward thinking. ROB and ORLANDO have long demonstrated that type of dedication. We are thrilled about their expanded roles working with OM PATRICK SHEA to execute and guide our brand strategy."


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