text:
Taliban members recently rode a pirate ship ride at an amusement park (actual ride not pictured) but couldn't handle the excitement. Composite image by Coffee or Die Magazine.
Taliban Fighters Immediately Regret Decision To Board Pirate Ship Carnival Ride
By Mac Caltrider | October 04, 2021
The same oppressive regime that stood toe-to-toe with the United States military for two decades apparently couldn't handle a carnival ride. A short video shared by photojournalist Andrew Quilty shows 12 members of the Taliban riding a dilapidated pirate ship ride in Lake Qargha, outside Kabul. The group reportedly came from Kunduz province and traveled together in a single Afghan army "Danger Ranger."
The video of the Taliban aboard the swinging ship is brief, but Quilty's caption claims the passengers were heard "yelling with a hint of desperation for the man at the helm to cut the engine well before it reached its highest heights."
A post shared by Andrew Quilty (@andrewquilty)
The ironic scene in Lake Qargha is just the latest odd juxtaposition of heavily armed Taliban fighters playing on carnival rides. Just days after the regime's takeover of Afghanistan in August, videos began circulating of Taliban fighters riding bumper cars and carousels like children on a school trip.
The Taliban Defense Minister Mawlawi Mohammad Yaqoob admonished the selfie-snapping younger generation of Taliban fighters for their perceived immaturity. He criticized the millennial fighters for driving too fast, taking too many selfies, and not dressing in accordance with Islamic rules.
Yaqoob's directive came after fighters were seen taking photos in pedal boats, but the Taliban defense minister did not explicitly say anything about fake pirate ships. While the young Taliban were able to handle the kiddie rides, the pirate ship was a little too frightening for the extremists.
Read Next: Expectation Versus Reality: The Chow Time Edition
Dispatch: A Reporter's Escape From Mazar-i-Sharif After Afghanistan Fell


text:
Best Antivirus Software Protection for Seniors (2022)
by James Mora | Senior Well-Being
If you want to protect your computer or smartphone, you can choose from many antivirus and firewall software. Yet, you can hardly find any relevant information on which one is the most suitable for seniors. That's why I've decided to perform extensive testing to find the best antivirus and firewall software for non-tech-savvy older adults.
The best antivirus software for seniors:
Defender Antivirus (Windows built-in antivirus)
Avast Mobile Security for iPhone and Android
CM Security for iPhone and Android
Built-in firewall (for Mac and Windows users)
And now, let's see the details:
What Are the Most Important Features to Look for in an Antivirus Software for Seniors?
First, it has to provide reliable and effective protection against viruses and other malicious software. Real-time protection is a must.
It's easy to install and set up.
It has a user-friendly and clean interface that's easy to handle.
It doesn't disturb you with pop-ups and hard-to-understand technical questions every 10 minutes. I like the "set it and forget it" approach.
It's fast, doesn't slow your system down, and runs silently in the background.
It protects your system against scams and phishing web pages. It provides anti-fraud protection.
It blocks infected web pages and websites that are not secure.
It closes all ports that are not used by trusted software.
It's ad-free.
What Is Antivirus Software?
Briefly, it's a program that's responsible for the security of your system. Its basic function is to prevent malware infections and remove them from your system. For example, before downloading a file from the Internet, the antivirus software examines it and if it's infected by any malware, it prevents the download.
Many antivirus programs also offer anti-fraud protection that helps you to avoid online scams and dangerous websites. According to statistics, seniors often have a high risk of becoming victims of online fraud (source). That's why I think anti-fraud protection is an especially important feature for older adults.
What Is a Firewall and Why Is It so Important?
A firewall is a kind of software that blocks unwanted and potentially dangerous incoming connections. The Internet is full of different types of malware that can easily get into your system and remain unnoticed if there's no effective protection. The job of a firewall is to prevent your computer or smartphone from being infected. It only keeps those ports open that are used by trusted software.
Best Antivirus Software for Seniors
Windows has a built-in antivirus software called Defender Antivirus in Windows 8 and 10 and Microsoft Security Essentials in earlier versions. Defender Antivirus is enabled by default so you don't have to download and install it. If you have an older system, you can download Security Essentials from the official Microsoft website.
Defender and Security Essentials are reliable and effective software. They require no configuration. If you want basic protection, they will do the job for you. They're user and senior-friendly and don't require you to be actively involved in security questions.
Another option would be Bitdefender antivirus. This one is my personal favorite and I think it's a great choice for seniors. It's available for both Windows and Mac. While it's true that it doesn't come pre-installed in your operating system (so you have to download it), its installation is very easy and straightforward. There's no need for complicated configuration and it's maintenance-free.
It features real-time protection that uses behavioral analysis to monitor your applications. Bitdefender removes all kinds of malware while it doesn't slow down your machine. It only disturbs you with pop-up notifications when it's really important. Bitdefender comes with anti-fraud protection to prevent the user from being scammed. It's a very useful feature because it ensures that you won't land on an infected or harmful website.
Bitdefender has a free, and a paid version as well. In the vast majority of cases, the free version is what you want to download. It really does a great job and it's one of the best antiviruses for seniors out there. I think the only feature that's exclusively available in the paid version and would be useful is the unique, dedicated browser for online banking.
You can download the free version of Bitdefender here.
Best Senior Friendly Antivirus Software for Android
Let's make it clear: although Android viruses do exist, most of them can only infect your device if you install third-party apps. If you only download apps from the official Play Store there's a minimal chance of being infected. Hence, in the vast majority of cases installing an antivirus app is not necessary.
If you still want an antivirus app on your smartphone I recommend the free Bitdefender antivirus, Avast Mobile Security, or AVG antivirus. They're all senior-friendly, have a clean interface, and additional features like blocking unwanted calls, safe browsing, app lock, etc.
As for iPhone and iPad, there's really no need for any antivirus software, just keep them updated.
Best Firewall for Seniors
Windows comes with a built-in firewall that's enabled by default. So you don't have to do anything to enjoy its protection. And I can tell you from experience that the Windows Firewall does a great job. It's not intrusive at all and most of the time it works silently in the background. Windows Firewall only asks questions when it's really necessary: you'll hardly ever meet with annoying pop-ups.
Of course, there are other free and paid firewalls as well. ZoneAlarm and Comodo are the most popular ones: free and paid versions are also available. Yet, I think they're not really necessary and can overcomplicate the whole process.
How to Choose the Best Medical Alert Watch for Seniors [2021]
ZoneAlarm and Comodo are very reliable but they're much "louder" than the default firewall in Windows. They'll ask you security questions frequently about processes you've never heard of. This can be confusing and annoying for seniors who just want to use their computers the usual way.
For seniors who are on a Windows system, the best choice would be to use its built-in firewall. It's reliable and enabled by default so you don't have to download or set anything. It works out of the box and it doesn't disturb you with pop-ups. To tell the truth, you won't even notice it's working in the background. And the best of all: it doesn't cost you anything after buying Windows (I can't tell you it's completely free because you have to pay for the operating system).
If you're on a Mac, you won't have the built-in firewall enabled by default. However, you can enable it whenever you want from the Security & Privacy in System Settings. But do you really have to? Most of the time enabling the firewall doesn't improve security on a Mac because it doesn't have those vulnerabilities that a Windows system does.
What about Android? If you use your Android device (smartphone or tablet) the usual way (I mean you don't run server processes on your system and you only install reputable apps from the Play Store) you don't really need a firewall. Of course, you can install one if that is what you need for peace of mind, but it's just useless because there are no listening ports that a firewall could block.
The same is true for iPhone and iPad: you don't have to install third-party firewall apps, the system is completely safe without them.
How to improve browser security for seniors?
If you want to further enhance security install WOT (Web of Trust). It's a free browser extension (available for Chrome, Firefox, Opera, and Baidu) that shows you security information about websites while you browse.
When you visit a harmful website, it protects you. Also, it shows the reputation of the website next to the URL. It's a great addition to any antivirus software, and it's a must-have for seniors.
James Mora is the founder of DailyHomeSafety. He is an avid DIYer, former healthcare professional, and security manager. He is passionate about home improvement and teaching.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Why SQL Fiddle doesn't work during "Building schema" and "Run SQL" functions? I'm practicing learning MySQL code with SQL Fiddle, it worked sometimes but now I get errors all the time when I use the "Build schema" or "Run SQL" functions.
After a while, the error printed is "Unable to get host connection: Connections could not be acquired from the underlying database!"
Anyone know how to solve the problem? Is there another tool I can use to do practice with queries to my schema?

A: Install your MariaDB or MySQL database server on your local machine. Install a decent native SQL client program. HeidiSQL is great on Windows. There are plenty for Mac.  Any modern laptop computer (since about 2014) can handle a student- or developer- scale database server and client without breaking a sweat.
You can install phpmyadmin. But that's a php web app, so you also have to install a web server and php to get it working. Hence the suggestions for XAMPP or LAMP stack packages. I prefer the native clients; less to go wrong; less stuff in your laptop.
It's best to reserve the database fiddles for sharing SQL demos with other people. Like for Stack Overflow posts.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: "I hear it from..." Different uses of present tense
Americans are angry. I hear it from the former factory workers who lost their jobs to other countries because of bad trade deals, the veterans who wait months to see a doctor at Veterans Hospital and the small-business owners who..."

How should I understand the meaning that carries "I hear it from"?

*

*As a present tense meaning that I heard it in the past, I hear now and it will be the same in the future, that is: "I always hear it from..."

*As a present tense using a past reference, meaning "I heard that Americans are angry, and I heard it from former factory workers..."

*something else, but what exactly?

By the way, this is not an oral speech, but an opinion, an Op-ed to be exactly.

A: So, this from a Trump speech, but what he means is "I'm hearing". He has heard and continues to hear the same thing. I heard [something] and I continue to hear [something/it] again and again.
I hear from my sister [all the time]. I hear things, meaning I'm listening.

A: There are two possible interpretations in this particular case.  Looking at this sentence out of context, one can interpret "it" as referring to anger, or angry words: "Americans are angry. I hear [anger] from the former factory workers..."
But if you look at the original quote in context, another interpretation is possible: "it" may be referring forward to the phrase "enough is enough" which appears at the end of the paragraph.  Normally, the word "it" is used to refer to something mentioned immediately previously, but it is also possible to use it to refer ahead in one's writing, and considering the whole paragraph that this quote came from, I think that was this author's intention:

Americans are angry. I hear it from the former factory workers who lost their jobs to other countries because of bad trade deals, the veterans who wait months to see a doctor at a Veterans Affairs hospital and the small-business owners who are struggling to stay afloat because of the Affordable Care Act's crippling regulations. The professional politicians they trusted and supported have repeatedly sold out our country in favor of special interests and the status quo. Finally, millions of Americans are saying, "Enough is enough."  (http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/16/opinion/the-case-for-donald-trump.html)


text:
Фотографический затворCanon EOS R6 — полнокадровая беззеркальная камера со сменными объективами, официально анонсированная компанией Canon 9 июля 2020 года вместе с EOS R5.

Особенности

 20,1-мегапиксельный полнокадровый CMOS-сенсор
 Запись 10-битного видео в формате 4K со скоростью до 60 кадров в секунду
 запись видео с разрешением 1080p со скоростью до 120 кадров в секунду
 100% покрытие автофокусом
 1053 точки автофокусировки
 Диапазон ISO от 100 до 102 400; с возможностью расширения до 204 800
 Высокоскоростная непрерывная съемка со скоростью до 12 кадров в секунду с механическим затвором и электронной 1-й шторкой и до 20 кадров в секунду с электронным затвором
 5-осевая внутрикамерная стабилизация изображения, обеспечивающая до 8 стопов коррекции дрожания
 Два слота для карт памяти SD UHS-II
 Электронный видоискатель OLED с диагональю 0,5 дюйма и разрешением 3,69 миллиона точек с частотой обновления 120 кадров в секунду и сенсорный ЖК-дисплей
 Dual Pixel CMOS AF II
 Встроенный Wi-Fi и подключение по Bluetooth
 Процессор обработки изображений DIGIC X

Примечания

Ссылки
 Canon EOS R5

 Canon EOS R6

Фотоаппараты, появившиеся в 2020 году

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Hint Chinese, Pinyin Chinese, Simplified Chinese, Traditional English French German Italian Japanese Japanese, Romaji Korean Math / Symbols Russian Spanish Afrikaans Akan Akkadian Albanian Amharic Arabic Armenian Azerbaijani Basque Belarusian Bengali Bihari Breton Bulgarian Burmese Catalan Cebuano Chamorro Chemistry Cherokee Chinese, Pinyin Chinese, Simplified Chinese, Traditional Choctaw Coptic Corsican Croatian Czech Danish Dene Dhivehi Dutch English Esperanto Estonian Faroese Filipino Finnish French Fula Gaelic Galician Georgian German Greek Guarani Gujarati Haida Haitian Hausa Hawaiian Hebrew Hindi Hungarian Icelandic Igbo Indonesian Inuktitut Irish Italian Japanese Japanese, Romaji Javanese Kannada Kazakh Khmer Korean Kurdish Kyrgyz Lakota Lao Latin Latvian Lingala Lithuanian Luba-Kasai Luxembourgish Macedonian Malay Malayalam Maltese Maori Marathi Marshallese Math / Symbols Mongolian Nepali Norwegian Occitan Ojibwe Oriya Oromo Other / Unknown Pashto Persian Polish Portuguese Punjabi Pāli Quechua Romanian Romansh Russian Sanskrit Serbian Sindhi Sinhalese Slovak Slovenian Spanish Sundanese Swahili Swedish Tagalog Tajik Tamil Tatar Telugu Thai Tibetan Tigrinya Tohono O'odham Tonga Turkish Uighur Ukrainian Urdu Uzbek Vietnamese Welsh Western Frisian Yiddish Yoruba
Nursing 3rd semester: Mental Health E...
ATI Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia Terms
Nursing 3rd semester: Mental Health Exam 2: Schizophrenia & Psychotic Disorders
by momand3ms, Feb. 2015
Subjects: nursing schizophrenia
Tragic Effects Of Schizophrenia
This is often referred to as the burden of care. Eighty-five percent diagnosed with schizophrenia will attempt suicide and ten-percent will succeed. Not ev...
The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Schizophrenia
Subtypes of Schizophrenia "Subtypes of schizophrenia are determined by which of the symptoms the patients exhibit at the time of her or his evaluation. Subty...
Nursing Incivility Case Study
The issue caused significant distress to the victims as it causes depression anxiety and stress and affects their overall performance (Kerber et al., 2015). ...
Normal And Abnormal Psychology
One of the most tragic mental illnesses that a human can be diagnosed with is schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a term for psychotic illnesses characterized by...
Schizophreni Perception Is Reality
Schizophrenia Perception is reality. This explicates the difficulties and struggles a patient with schizophrenia encounters. Patients diagnosed with schizop...
Major Depressive Disorder Case Study
Many of these symptoms are used to diagnose depression in adults, which reveals more symptoms that weren't found in the beginning of the diagnosis. (Son & Ki...
Emil Kraepelin's Original Concept Of Schizophrenia
The last condition was called "Dementia Paranoids," in which patients had dominant delusions of persecution (Warner, 2004). All of these were symptoms of wha...
Reductionism And Schizophrenia
According to Meehl (1962) this model can be used to describe to etiology of Schizophrenia. This model is a psychological theory which states that for Schizop...
Effects Of Depression In Adolescence
In some ways, depression in adolescents is seen as the beginnings of the equivalent adult depressive disorder. This is due to the strong relationship to reoc...
Adhd : Short For Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
The symptoms of ADHD does differ from person to person; however, there are three basic types of ADHD, each identified by the symptoms including hyperactivity...
3rd side (hint)
The potential for ____ is a major concern for patients with schizophrenia and this is the primary cause of premature death among people with the disorder.
When does the disorder typically develop?
The potential for suicide is a major concern for patients with schizophrenia and this is the primary cause of premature death among people with the disorder
(About 10% of schizophrenics die this way)
adolescence to early adulthood
Schizophrenia causes disturbances in ____ processes, per_____, and a___ which invariably result in severe deterioration of ____ and _____ functioning, significantly impairing the individual's ability to function in daily life, form interpersonal relationships, and maintain employment.
Schizophrenia causes disturbances in thought processes, perception, and affect which invariably result in severe deterioration of social and occupational functioning, significantly impairing the individual's ability to function in daily life, form interpersonal relationships, and maintain employment.
Psychosis is a severe mental condition in which there is dis______ of the per______, deterioration in social functioning, and loss of contact with or distortion of ____. There may be evidence of ____ and ____ thinking. Psychosis can occur with or without the presence of ____ impairment.
Psychosis is a severe mental condition in which there is disorganization of the personality, deterioration in social functioning, and loss of contact with or distortion of reality. There may be evidence of hallucinations and delusional thinking. Psychosis can occur with or without the presence of organic impairment.
Schizophrenia typically develops in late adolescence or early adulthood, but sometimes can develop in middle or late adult life. Some studies have indicated that symptoms of schizophrenia develop earlier in men/women. The pattern of development of schizophrenia involves what 4 phases?
Schizophrenia typically develops in late adolescence or early adulthood, but sometimes can develop in middle or late adult life. Some studies have indicated that symptoms of schizophrenia develop earlier in men than women. The pattern of development of schizophrenia involves the 4 phases:
premorbid
prodromal
active psychotic (schizophrenia)
The premorbid personality (phase 1- premorbid phase of schizophrenia) often indicates s____ mal________, s___ w______, ir____, and ______ thoughts and behaviors. Traits include being very ___ and w_____, having poor ___ r_______, doing poorly in ____, and demonstrating a_____ behavior. In the typical, but not invariable premorbid history of schizophrenia, pateients had ____ or ____ personalities characterized as q___, passive/aggressive, and introverted/extroverted. As children, they had few/many friends or dates and avoided team sports. They often enjoyed _____ activities and avoided social activities.
The premorbid personality (phase 1- premorbid phase of schizophrenia) often indicates social maladjustment, social withdrawal, irritability, and antagonistic thoughts and behaviors. Traits include being very shy and withdrawn, having poor peer relationships, doing poorly in school, and demonstrating antisocial behavior. In the typical, but not invariable premorbid history of schizophrenia, patients had schizotypal or schizoid personalities characterized as quiet, passive, and introverted. As children, they had few friends or dates and avoided team sports. They often enjoyed solitary activities and avoided social activities.
The ____ of an illness refers to certain signs and symptoms that precede the characteristic manifestations of the acute, fully developed illness.
prodrome
Phase II: Prodromal Phase of schizophrenia begins with a change from premorbid functioning and extends wuntil the onset of frank psychotic symptoms. This phase can be as a brief as a few weeks or months, but most studies indicate the average length of the prodromal phase is between __ and ___ years. During the prodromal phase, the person experiences substantial functional impairment and nonspecific symptoms such as ___ disturbance, a____, i____, ____ mood, poor c_______, f____, and behavioral deficits such as deterioration in r___ functioning and social _____. Positive/negative symptoms such as perceptual abnormalities, ideas of reference, and suspiciousness develop late in the prodromal phase and are basically an omen to the imminent onset of ___.
Define catatonic, alogia, and avololition
Recognition of the behaviors associated with the prodromal phase provides an opportunity for early intervention, with a possibility for improvement in long-term outcomes. Current treatment guidelines suggest therapeutic interventions that offer support with identified problems, cognitive therapies to minimize functional impairment, family interventions to improve coping, and involvement with the schools to reduce the possibility of failure. It is still not known for sure whether treating symptoms with antipsychotic medications below the threshold of psychosis is effective at delaying the onset of psychosis.
Phase II: Prodromal Phase of schizophrenia begins with a change from premorbid functioning and extends wuntil the onset of frank psychotic symptoms. This phase can be as a brief as a few weeks or months, but most studies indicate the average length of the prodromal phase is between 2 and 5 years. During the prodromal phase, the person experiences substantial functional impairment and nonspecific symptoms such as sleep disturbance, anxiety, irritability, depressed mood, poor concentration, fatigue, and behavioral deficits such as deterioration in role functioning and social withdrawal. Positive symptoms such as perceptual abnormalities, ideas of reference, and suspiciousness develop late in the prodromal phase and are basically an omen to the imminent onset of psychosis.
Phase III: Schizophrenia
In this ___ phase of the disorder, ___ symptoms are prominent. The DSM IV TR diagnostic criteria for active schizophrenia includes:
1. Characteristic symptoms....
2. dysfunction of...
3. Duration...
4. exclusion of...
5, exclusion of..
6. relationship to a pervasive developmental disorder
Describe each criteria : )
In this active phase of the disorder, psychotic symptoms are prominent. The DSM IV TR diagnostic criteria for active schizophrenia includes:
-characteristic symptoms: 2 or more of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1- month period (or less if successfully treated)
a. delusions
b. hallucinations
c. disorganized speech (frequent derailment or incoherence)
d. grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
e. negative symptoms (flat affect, alogia, avolition)
2. Social/occupational dysfunction: For a significant portion of time since the onset of disturbance, one or more areas of functioning is markedly below the level achieved before onset such as in work, relationships, or self-care (or when the onset is in childhood or adolescence, failure to achieve expected level of interpersonal, academic, or occupational achievement).
3. Duration: Continuous signs of the disturbance for at least months. This period must include at least 1 month of symptoms (or less if successfully treated that meet criteria 1 (active-phase symptoms) and may include periods of prodromal or residual periods, the signs of the disturbance may be manifested by only negative symptoms or two or more symptoms listed in criteria 1 in an attenuated (weak, lessened) form (odd beliefs, unusual perceptual experiences).
4. Schizoaffective and mood disorder exclusion: Schizoaffective disorder and mood disorder with psychotic featrues have been ruled ou because a.) no major depressive, manic, or mixed episodes have occurred concurrently with the active-phase symptoms or b.) if mood episodes have occurred during active-phase symptoms their total duration has been brief relative to the duration of the active and residual periods.
5. Sybstance/general medical condition exclusion: the disturbance is not due to the direct phsyiological effects or a substance (drug) or general medical condition
6. Relationship to a pervasive developmental disorder: If there is a history of autistic disorder or another pervasive developmental disorder the additional diagnosis of schizophrenia is made only if prominent delusions or hallucinations are also present for at least 1 month (or less if successfully treated)
4 a's
affect- flat
autism- disconnect with reality or external world
association/associative looseness
Phase IV: Residual Phase
Schizophrenia is characterized by periods of _____ and ______. A residual phase usually follows an active phase of the illness. During the residual phase, symptoms of the acute stage are either ___ or no longer prominent. Positive/negative symptoms may remain, and ___ affect and impairment in role functioning are common. Residual impairment often decreases/increases between episodes of active ___.
Schizophrenia is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation. A residual phase usually follows an active phase of the illness. During the residual phase, symptoms of the acute stage are either absent or no longer prominent. Negative symptoms may remain, and flat affect and impairment in role functioning are common. Residual impairment often increases between episodes of active psychosis.
True or False: A return to full premorbid function after onset of schizophrenia is common
false, uncommon
Several factors have been associated with a more positive prognosis such as good ____ adjustment, earlier/later age at onset, male/female gender, ___ onset of symptoms precipitated by a stressful ___ (as opposed to gradual insidious onset of symptoms), associated ___ disturbance, long/brief duration of active-phase symptoms, good interepisode functioning, minimal ____ symptoms, absence of structural ___ abnormalities, normal neurological functioning, a family history of ___ disorder, and no family history of ____.
Several factors have been associated with a more positive prognosis such as good premorbid adjustment, later age at onset, female gender, abrupt onset of symptoms precipitated by a stressful event (as opposed to gradual insidious onset of symptoms), associated mood disturbance, brief duration of active-phase symptoms, good interepisode functioning, minimal residual symptoms, absence of structural brain abnormalities, normal neurological functioning, a family history of mood disorder, and no family history of schizophrenia.
No single factor can be implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia, but the disease probably results from a combination of influences including biological, psychological, and environmental factors.
Review the theories and various implications p. 319-323
The DSM-IV-TR identifies various types of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Differential diagnosis is made according to the total symptomatic ____ _____ presented.
clinical picture
Which type of delusion is described?
individual believes that someone, usually of a higher status, is in love with him or her. Famous persons are often the subjects of the delusions. Sometimes the delusion is kept secret, but some individuals may follow, contact, or otherwise try to pursue the object of their delusion
erotomanic
individual believes they have some physical defect, disorder, or disease
What are some of the most common examples of this delusional disorder?
-emits a foul odor from skin, mouth, rectum, or vagina
-has an infestation of insects in or on the skin
-has an internal parasite
-has misshapen and ugly body parts
-has dysfunctional body parts
Individuals believe they are being malevolently treated in some way. Frequent themes include being conspired against, cheated, spied on, followed, poisoned or drugged, maliciously maligned, harassed, or obstructed in the pursuit of long-term goals
Individual may obsess about and exaggerate a slight rebuff (insult or rejection), which is either real or imagined, until it becomes the focus of a delusional system. Repeated complaints may be directed at legal authorities, lack of satisfaction from which may result in violence toward the object of the delusion
persecutory
Centers on the idea that the person's sexual partner is unfaithful
The idea is irrational and without cause, but the individual with the delusion searches for evidence to justify the belief
Sexual partner is confronted (and sometimes physically attacked) regarding the imagined infidelity
the imagined "lover" of the sexual partner may also be the object of the attack
Attempts to restrict the autonomy of the partner in an effort to stop the imagined infidelity are common
Irrational ideas regarding their own worth, talent, knowledge or power
They may believe that they have a special relationship with a famous person or even assume the identity of the famous person (believing the actual person is an imposter)
delusions of a religious nature may lead to assumption of the identity of a deity or religious leader
Most clients with schizophrenia exhibit a mixture of both positive and negative symptoms. Positive/negative symptoms are associated with abnormal/ normal brain structures on CT scan and have a relatively good response to treatment. Positive/negative symptoms are difficult to treat and respond more/less to neuroleptics than do the opposite type of symptoms, and they also are the most de______ because they render the patient inert and un______.
Most clients with schizophrenia exhibit a mixture of both positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms are associated with normal brain structures on CT scan and have a relatively good response to treatment. Negative symptoms are difficult to treat and respond less to neuroleptics than do the opposite type of symptoms, and they also are the most destructive because they render the patient inert and unmotivated.
Behavioral disturbances of schizophrenia are categorized as positive or negative and considered in eight areas of ____: ____ of thought, ____ of thought, p_______, a____, sense of ____, v____, impaired inter____ functioning and _____ to the external world, and ______ behavior. Additional impairments outside the limits of these 8 areas are also presented.
Behavioral disturbances of schizophrenia are categorized as positive or negative and considered in eight areas of functioning: content of thought, form of thought, perception, affect, sense of self, volition, impaired interpersonal functioning and relationship to the external world, and psychomotor behavior. Additional impairments outside the limits of these 8 areas are also presented.
Positive symptoms include-
____ of _____: delusions, religiosity, paranoia, and magical thinking
______ of ______: associative looseness, neologisms, concrete thinking, clang associations, word salad, circumstantiality, tengentiality, mutism, perseveration
_______: hallucinations, illusions
Sense of ____: echolalia, echopraxia, identification and imitation, depersonalization
content of thought: delusions, religiosity, paranoia, and magical thinking
form of thought: associative looseness, neologisms, concrete thinking, clang associations, word salad, circumstantiality, tengentiality, mutism, perseveration
Perception: hallucinations, illusions
Sense of Self: echolalia, echopraxia, identification and imitation, depersonalization
The positive symptoms involving content of thought include d______, r_______, p______, and m____ t_____.
The positive symptoms involving content of thought include delusions, religiosity, paranoia, and magical thinking.
The positive symptoms involving form of thought include a_______ _____ness, n______s, _____ thinking, ______ associations, word _____, c______, t_____, m______, and p______.
The positive symptoms involving form of thought include associative looseness, neologisms, concrete thinking, clang associations, word salad, tangentiality, mutism,, and perseveration.
The positive symptoms involving perception include ____ and _____. Those involving sense of self include, e____, e____, identification and i______, and de_______.
The positive symptoms involving perception include hallucinations and illusions. Those involving sense of self include, echolalia, echopraxia, identification and imitation, and depersonalization.
false personal beliefs that are inconsistent with a person's intelligence or cultural background.
In assessing positive/negative symptoms of schizophrenia in regard to content of thought, delusions can be of many types. Delusions are false personal beliefs that are _______with a person's intelligence or cultural background. The individual continues to have the belief in spite of obvious proof that it is false or irrational. Delusions are subdivided according to their ____. The most common delusions includes delusions of persecution, of grandeur, of reference, of control or influence, somatic delusions, and nihilistic delusions.
In assessing positive symptoms of schizophrenia in regard to content of thought, delusions can be of many types. Delusions are false personal beliefs that are inconsistent with a person's intelligence or cultural background. The individual continues to have the belief in spite of obvious proof that it is false or irrational. Delusions are subdivided according to their content. The most common delusions includes delusions of persecution, of grandeur, of reference, of control or influence, somatic delusions, and nihilistic delusions.
In a delusion of ______ the individual feels threatened and believes that others intend to harm or go after him or her in some way (e.g. "the FBI has bugged my room and wants to kill me" or "I can't take a shower in this bathroom, the nurses have put a camera in there so that they can watch everything I do.")
In a delusion of persecution the individual feels threatened and believes that others intend to harm or go after him or her in some way (e.g. "the FBI has bugged my room and wants to kill me" or "I can't take a shower in this bathroom, the nurses have put a camera in there so that they can watch everything I do.")
In a delusion of ____ the individual has an exaggerated feeling of importance, power, knowledge, or identity. They may say, "I am Jesus Christ" or "I am the president of the United States."
In a delusion of grandeur the individual has an exaggerated feeling of importance, power, knowledge, or identity. They may say, "I am Jesus Christ" or "I am the president of the United States."
A delusion of ___ is when all events within the environment are referred by the psychotic person to himself or herself. (e.g. "Someone is trying to get a message to me through the articles in this magazine, TV program etc." or "I must break the code so that I can get the message.")
A delusion of reference is when all events within the environment are referred by the psychotic person to himself or herself. (e.g. "Someone is trying to get a message to me through the articles in this magazine, TV program etc." or "I must break the code so that I can get the message."
___ of reference are more/less rigid than delusions of reference. An example of this is irrationally thinking that one is being talked about or laughed at by others.
Ideas of reference are less rigid than delusions of reference. An example of this is irrationally thinking that one is being talked about or laughed at by others.
When an individual believes certain objects or persons are determining his or her behavior is a delusion of ___ or ____. (e.g. "The dentist put a filling in my tooth and now I receive transmissions through the filling that control what I think and do.")
When an individual believes certain objects or persons are determining his or her behavior is a delusion of control or influence. (e.g. "The dentist put a filling in my tooth and now I receive transmissions through the filling that control what I think and do.")
A ____ delusion is when a person has a false idea about the functioning of his or her body (e.g. "I'm 70 years old and I will be the oldest person ever to give birth." or "The doctor says I'm not pregnant but I know I am.")
A somatic delusion is when a person has a false idea about the functioning of his or her body (e.g. "I'm 70 years old and I will be the oldest person ever to give birth." or "The doctor says I'm not pregnant but I know I am.")
A nihilistic delusion is when a person has a false idea threat the self, a part of the self, others, or the world is nonexistent. What is an example?
A nihilistic delusion is when a person has a false idea threat the self, a part of the self, others, or the world is nonexistent. An example would be a person saying, "The world no longer exists" or "I have no heart."
An excessive demonstration of or obsession with religious ideas and behavior is known as _____. This can be an aspect of ____ of thought, which is part of the positive/ negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Because individuals vary greatly in their religious beliefs and level of spiritual commitment, this is something difficult to assess. The individual with schizophrenia may use religious ideas ideas in an attempt to provide rational meaning and structure to his or her ____. Religious preoccupation in this sense may be considered a manifestation of the illness. Clients who derive comfort from their religious beliefs should not/should be discouraged from employing this means of support. An example of religiosity is an individual who believes the voice he or she hears is ___ and incessantly searches the ___ for interpretation.
An excessive demonstration of or obsession with religious ideas and behavior is known as religiosity. This can be an aspect of content of thought, which is part of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Because individuals vary greatly in their religious beliefs and level of spiritual commitment, this is something difficult to assess. The individual with schizophrenia may use religious ideas ideas in an attempt to provide rational meaning and structure to his or her behavior . Religious preoccupation in this sense may be considered a manifestation of the illness. Clients who derive comfort from their religious beliefs should not be discouraged from employing this means of support. An example of religiosity is an individual who believes the voice he or she hears is God and incessantly searches the Bible for interpretation.
Another aspect of content of thought in the positive/negative symptoms of schizophrenia is ____, in which individuals have extreme suspicion in others and of their actions or perceived intentions. (e.g. "I won't eat this food. I know it's been poisoned.")
Another aspect of content of thought in the positive symptoms of schizophrenia is paranoia, in which individuals have extreme suspicion in others and of their actions or perceived intentions. (e.g. "I won't eat this food. I know it's been poisoned.")
____ thinking is an aspect of content of _____, which is a part of positive/negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The person believes that his or her thoughts or behaviors have control over specific situations or people. This is common thought process in young children (e.g. "Step on a crack and you break your mama's back, an apple a day keeps the doctor away)
Magical thinking is an aspect of content of thought, which is a part of positive symptoms of schizophrenia. The person believes that his or her thoughts or behaviors have control over specific situations or people. This is common thought process in young children (e.g. "Step on a crack and you break your mama's back, an apple a day keeps the doctor away)
What aspect of schizophrenia do the following fall into? associative looseness, neologisms, concrete thinking, clang associations, word salad, circumstantiality, tangentiality, mutism, and perseveration.
positive symptoms:
form of thought
an individual's inability or refusal to speak.
mutism
group of words that are put together randomly without any logical connection
literal interpretations of the environment which represents a regression to an earlier level of cognitive development. Abstract thinking is very difficult. (e.g. Client would have trouble describing the abstract meaning of saying "It's raining cats and dogs.")
concrete thinking
person never really gets to the point of the communication. Unrelated topics are introduced, and the focus of the original discussion is lost.
- delay reaching the point of a communication because of unnecessary and tedious details. The point or goal is usually met, but only after many interruptions by the listener to keep the person on topic.
circumstantiality
thinking is characterized by speech in which ideas shift from one unrelated topic to another, unaware that the topics are unconnected. When the condition is severe, speech may be incoherent (e.g. "We wanted to take the bus, but the airport took all the traffic. Driving is the ticket you want to get somewhere. No one needs a ticket to heaven. We have it all in our pockets.")
associative looseness
(3 different terms)
-new, made up words that are meaningless to others but have symbolic meaning to the psychotic person
-choice of words is based on sounds and often take the form of rhyming
- person persistently repeats the same word or idea in response to different questions
neologisms
clang associations
Certain aspects about form of ____ are considered positive/negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
These include associative looseness, neologisms, concrete thinking, clang associations, word salad, circumstantiality, tangentiality, mutism, and perseveration. Briefly explain each aspect.
(Yes, again!)
Associative Looseness- thinking is characterized by speech in which ideas shift from one unrelated topic to another, unaware that the topics are unconnected. When the condition is severe, speech may be incoherent (e.g. "We wanted to take the bus, but the airport took all the traffic. Driving is the ticket you want to get somewhere. No one needs a ticket to heaven. We have it all in our pockets.")
Neologisms- new, made up words that are meaningless to others but have symbolic meaning to the psychotic person
Concrete Thinking- literal interpretations of the environment which represents a regression to an earlier level of cognitive development. Abstract thinking is very difficult. (e.g. Client would have trouble describing the abstract meaning of saying "It's raining cats and dogs.")
Clang Associations- choice of words is based on sounds and often take the form of rhyming
Word Salad- group of words that are put together randomly without any logical connection
Circumstantiality- delay reaching the point of a communication because of unnecessary and tedious details. The point or goal is usually met, but only after many interruptions by the listener to keep the person on topic.
Tangentiality- different from above in that the person never really gets to the point of the communication. Unrelated topics are introduced, and the focus of the original discussion is lost.
Mutism- an individual's inability or refusal to speak.
Perseveration- persistently repeats the same word or idea in response to different questions
false sensory perceptions not associated with real external stimuli and can involve any of the 5 senses. Which type is the most common in psychiatric disorders?
Perception is part of the positive/negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia and includes hallucinations and illusions. Hallucinations are false ___ perceptions that are associated/not associated with real external stimuli and can involve any of the 5 senses. Auditory hallucinations are false perceptions of sound. Most commonly they are ____, but could be reported as clicks, rushing noises, music, or other noises. ___ hallucinations may place the individual or others in a potentially dangerous situation, telling the person to act violently on himself or others.
Visual hallucinations are false visual perceptions. They may consist of formed images, such as people, or unformed images, such as flashes of light. Tactile hallucinations are false perceptions of the sense of touch, often of something on or under the ___. One specific tactile hallucination is ____, the sensation that something is crawling on or under the skin. A gustatory hallucination is a false perception of ___ usually described as pleasant/unpleasant. ____ hallucinations are false perceptions of the sense of smell. Illusions are mis______ or mis_______ of ___ ___ stimuli.
Perception is part of the positive symptoms associated with schizophrenia and includes hallucinations and illusions. Hallucinations are false sensory perceptions not associated with real external stimuli and can involve any of the 5 senses. Auditory hallucinations are false perceptions of sound. Most commonly they are voices, but could be reported as clicks, rushing noises, music, or other noises. Command hallucinations may place the individual or others in a potentially dangerous situation, telling the person to act violently on himself or others.
Visual hallucinations are false visual perceptions. They may consist of formed images, such as people, or unformed images, such as flashes of light. Tactile hallucinations are false perceptions of the sense of touch, often of something on or under the skin. One specific tactile hallucination is formication, the sensation that something is crawling on or under the skin. A gustatory hallucination is a false perception of taste usually described as unpleasant. Olfactory hallucinations are false perceptions of the sense of smell. Illusions are misperceptions or misinterpretations of real external stimuli.
Because of extremely weak ego boundaries, the individual with schizophrenia lacks the feeling of uniqueness as a person and experiences a great deal of confusion regarding his or her identity.
Characteristics of echolalia, echopraxia, identification and imitation, and depersonalization regarding the___ of ____ are considered positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
Characteristics of echolalia, echopraxia, identification and imitation, and depersonalization regarding the sense of self are considered positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
When a client repeats words that he or she hears, it is called _____. This is an attempt to ___ with the person speaking.
Example-
Nurse: "John, it's time for lunch."
John: "Lunch, lunch, lunch."
When the patient imitates the movements or positions made by others, it is called ____.
When a client repeats words that he or she hears, it is called echolalia. This is an attempt to identify with the person speaking.
When the patient imitates the movements or positions made by others, it is called echopraxia.
Identification (on a conscious/unconscious level) and imitation (on a conscious/unconscious level) are ego defense mechanisms used by schizophrenics and reflect their confusion regarding self-identity. Because they have difficulty knowing where their ego boundaries end and another person's begins, their behavior often takes on the form of that which they see in the other person.
Identification (on an unconscious level) and imitation (on a conscious level) are ego defense mechanisms used by schizophrenics and reflect their confusion regarding self-identity. Because they have difficulty knowing where their ego boundaries end and another person's begins, their behavior often takes on the form of that which they see in the other person.
The unstable self-identity of an individual with schizophrenia may lead to feelings of unreality, such as feeling that one's extremities have changed in size, or a sense of seeing oneself from a distance. These kinds of feelings are described as ______.
The unstable self-identity of an individual with schizophrenia may lead to feelings of unreality, such as feeling that one's extremities have changed in size, or a sense of seeing oneself from a distance. These kinds of feelings are described as depersonalization.
Positive/negative symptoms of schizophrenia include affect, volition, impaired interpersonal functioning & relationship to the external world, autism, psychomotor behavior, and some associated features.
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include affect, volition, impaired interpersonal functioning & relationship to the external world, autism, psychomotor behavior, and some associated features.
Affect describes the behavior associated with an individual's feeling state or emotional tone. Describe what kinds of affects are associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
inappropriate- individual's emotional tone or affect is incongruent with the circumstances (e.g. a young woman laughs when told of the death of her mother)
bland or flat- emotional tone is very weak, person appears to be void of emotional tone or feelings
apathy- indifference to or disinterest in the environment
The bland or flat affect of a person with schizophrenia is a manifestation of ____ ____.
The bland or flat affect of a person with schizophrenia is a manifestation of emotional apathy.
Volition has to do with impairment in the ability to initiate ___-___ activity. This may take the form of inadequate interest, motivation, or ability to choose a logical course of action in a given situation. Emotional _______ in the client with schizophrenia refers to the coexistence of ___ emotions toward the same object, person, or situation. These opposing emotions may interfere with the person's ability to make even a very complex/simple ____. (i.e. coffee or tea?) Underlying this emotional conflict is the difficulty the client with schizophrenia has in fulfilling a satisfying ______. This difficulty is based on the need-___ dilemma-- the simultaneous need for and fear of ____.
Volition has to do with impairment in the ability to initiate goal-directed activity. This may take the form of inadequate interest, motivation, or ability to choose a logical course of action in a given situation. Emotional ambivalence in the client with schizophrenia refers to the coexistence of opposite emotions toward the same object, person, or situation. These opposing emotions may interfere with the person's ability to make even a very simple decision. (i.e. coffee or tea?) Underlying this emotional conflict is the difficulty the client with schizophrenia has in fulfilling a satisfying relationship. This difficulty is based on the need-fear dilemma-- the simultaneous need for, and fear of intimacy
Some clients with acute schizophrenia may cling to others and intrude on their personal space, behaviors that aren't socially or culturally acceptable. Impairment in social functioning may also be reflected in social is___, emotional de_______, and lack of regard for social convention. This may be manifested by ____, the condition created by the person with schizophrenia who focuses inward on a fantasy world, while distorting or excluding the external environment. Another manifestation regarding interpersonal functioning in which personal grooming and self-care activities are neglected, is known as deteriorated _____. The client may appear untidy and may need to be reminded of the need for personal hygiene.
Some clients with acute schizophrenia may cling to others and intrude on their personal space, behaviors that aren't socially or culturally acceptable. Impairment in social functioning may also be reflected in social isolation, emotional detachment, and lack of regard for social convention. This may be manifested by autism, the condition created by the person with schizophrenia who focuses inward on a fantasy world, while distorting or excluding the external environment. Another manifestation regarding interpersonal functioning in which personal grooming and self-care activities are neglected, is known as deteriorated appearance. The client may appear untidy and may need to be reminded of the need for personal hygiene.
Autism and deteriorated appearance are part of the category "impaired interpersonal functioning and relationship to the external world" and are negative symptoms.
Certain types of psychomotor behavior characterized by schizophrenia are considered negative symptoms and include anergia, waxy inflexibility, posturing, and pacing & rocking. Briefly describe each.
Anergia- lack of energy, may impair ability to carry out ADL's or interact with others
Waxy inflexibility- body parts are placed in bizarre or uncomfortable positions and remain for long periods of time, regardless of the discomfort.
Posturing- voluntary assumption of inappropriate or bizarre postures
Pacing & Rocking- pacing back and forth and slow, rhythmic swaying (rocking)
Associated features of schizophrenia include anhedonia, which is the _____ to experience _____. This is a particularly distressing symptom that compels some clients to attempt ___.
Another associated feature is ____, the retreat to an earlier level of development. This is a primary defense mechanism of schizophrenia and is a dysfunctional attempt to reduce ___. It provides a basis for many of the behaviors associated with schizophrenia.
Associated features of schizophrenia include anhedonia, which is the inability to experience pleasure. This is a particularly distressing symptom that compels some clients to attempt suicide.
Another associated feature is regression, the retreat to an earlier level of development. This is a primary defense mechanism of schizophrenia and is a dysfunctional attempt to reduce anxiety. It provides a basis for many of the behaviors associated with schizophrenia.
Although intensive psychodynamic- and insight-oriented psychotherapy is generally not recommended, individual psychotherapy that psychiatrists use when providing drug treatments typically involves a synthesis of various psychotherapeutic strategies and interventions. These include problem ____, ___ testing, psychoeducation, and supportive and cognitive-behavioral techniques . The goals include improving medication ______, enhancing social and occupational ____, and preventing ____.
Although intensive psychodynamic- and insight-oriented psychotherapy is generally not recommended, individual psychotherapy that psychiatrists use when providing drug treatments typically involves a synthesis of various psychotherapeutic strategies and interventions. These include problem solving, reality testing, psychoeducation, and supportive and cognitive-behavioral techniques . The goals include improving medication compliance, enhancing social and occupational functioning, and preventing relapse.
____-oriented individual therapy is the most suitable approach to individual psychotherapy for schizophrenia. The primary focus in all cases must reflect efforts to decrease ______ and increase ____. Establishing a relationship is very difficult because the individual is desperately lonely yet rejects closeness and trust. He is likely to respond to attempts at closeness with suspiciousness, anxiety, aggression, or regression. Successful intervention may be achieved with h___, simple directions, and a manner that ____s the client's privacy and human dignity. Exaggerated warmth and attempts at achieving friendship are likely to be met with confusion and suspicion. After a therapeutic relationship is established, reality orientation is maintained through exploration of the client's behavior within _____. Education is provided to help the client identify sources of real or perceived ___ and ways of reacting appropriately. Methods for improving interpersonal communication, emotional expression, and frustration tolerance are attempted.
Reality-oriented individual therapy is the most suitable approach to individual psychotherapy for schizophrenia. The primary focus in all cases must reflect efforts to decrease anxiety and increase trust. Establishing a relationship is very difficult because the individual is desperately lonely yet rejects closeness and trust. He is likely to respond to attempts at closeness with suspiciousness, anxiety, aggression, or regression. Successful intervention may be achieved with honesty, simple directions, and a manner that respects the client's privacy and human dignity. Exaggerated warmth and attempts at achieving friendship are likely to be met with confusion and suspicion. After a therapeutic relationship is established, reality orientation is maintained through exploration of the client's behavior within relationships. Education is provided to help the client identify sources of real or perceived danger and ways of reacting appropriately. Methods for improving interpersonal communication, emotional expression, and frustration tolerance are attempted.
Antipsychotic medications are also called ________ or major _____. They are effective in the treatment of acute and chronic manifestations of schizophrenia and in maintenance therapy to prevent exacerbation of symptoms.
Antipsychotic medications are also called neuroleptics or major tranquilizers. They are effective in the treatment of acute and chronic manifestations of schizophrenia and in maintenance therapy to prevent exacerbation of symptoms.
One thing all antipsychotics have in common is some degree of _____ of ___ receptors in the brain, which decreases the ____ concentration in the CNS. Some common side effects include agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, drowsiness, NML, extrapyramidal symptoms, and tardive dyskensia. Extrapyramidal symptoms are in_____ m__ symptoms similar to those associated with ____ disease. This drug-induced state is known as pseudoparkinsonism and is characterized by symptoms such as _____ (distressing motor restlessness) and acute ____ (painful muscle spasm.) What 2 medications are used to treat these symptoms?
One thing all antipsychotics have in common is some degree of blockage of dopamine receptors in the brain, which decreases the dopamine concentration in the CNS. Some common side effects include agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, drowsiness, NML, extrapyramidal symptoms, and tardive dyskensia. Extrapyramidal symptoms are involuntary motor symptoms similar to those associated with Parkinson's disease. This drug-induced state is known as pseudoparkinsonism and is characterized by symptoms such as akathisia (distressing motor restlessness) and acute dyskinesia (painful muscle spasm. )
Cogentin (benztropine) & trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
{"cdnAssetsUrl":"","site_dot_caption":"Cram.com","premium_user":false,"premium_set":false,"payreferer":"clone_set","payreferer_set_title":"Nursing 3rd semester: Mental Health Exam 2: Schizophrenia & Psychotic Disorders","payreferer_url":"\/flashcards\/copy\/nursing-3rd-semester-mental-health-exam-2-schizophrenia-psychotic-disorders-5544628","isGuest":true,"ga_id":"UA-272909-1","facebook":{"clientId":"363499237066029","version":"v2.9","language":"en_US"}}


text:
A perfect example: vote NO on Amendment 4
October 29, 2010 August 26, 2019 / By Sandy Parker
Today's Naples Daily News has a front-page story titled "Golden Gate Estates: Shopping center's future up to vote." It's a perfect example of what will happen if Amendment 4 is passed.
Amendment 4, referred to as "Hometown Democracy," would require voters to approve by referendum the adoption and amendment of local government comprehensive land use plans. I wrote about Amendment 4 in my post The Amendments – Part 1, and recommended a vote against it.
Here's the story.
A developer wants to build a 41-acre shopping center on the northwest corner of Golden Gate and Wilson boulevards, which would include a 27,000 square feet grocery store. It would require a change to the master land use plan. The issue is so controversial that the County Commissioner put the question on the ballot for the six election precincts that would be affected. Even though it's a nonbinding straw vote, the Commissioners figure it will give them a sense of the community's wishes.
According to the article, the developer has spent $10 million so far purchasing parcels of land for the project – and the zoning change hasn't even been approved yet.
By election day, the developer will have spent about $175,000 on a marketing campaign that has included direct mailers, newspaper ads and yard signs, which now dot the community's landscape. Campaign representatives have been on hand at community events, including yard sales, to pitch the project….
Peter Gaddy, president of the Golden Gate Estates Area Civic Association, which hasn't taken a position on the project, said he's shocked by the amount of money the developer has spent on a marketing campaign, especially since the straw vote isn't binding.
"To spend this amount of money on a political issue like this is more than what was spent on the sheriff's race, and that was over the entire county," he said.
"It just seems to be a little unfair that they are spending so much money and the people who are opposed to it are walking the streets with crayons and notebook paper, trying to get support," Gaddy said. "There is a huge disparity obviously in money here." …
Mark Teaters, a founder and charter member of the Homeowners Association of Golden Gate Estates, said the question about changing the master plan never should have ended up on a straw ballot.
He said the right thing to do would be to reappoint a committee to take another look at the community's master plan and to hold public hearings to debate any changes. "It's overdue," he said.
If a majority of voters support the project in the straw ballot, he said, it shouldn't mean that county commissioners say, "We are going to do it."
I agree with Teaters, and like Gaddy, I'm shocked at the spending. Now just imagine what it will be like if Amendment 4 passes, and every land use plan change will require voter approval.
It's not fair that developers can come in and spend millions to market their cause, and local community members have only their "crayons and notebook paper" to make their case.
Vote NO on Amendment 4.


text:
Exclusive Annual Passholder Offerings Coming To Animal Kingdom
Home → Exclusive Annual Passholder Offerings Coming To Animal Kingdom
Published: February 18, 2021 Updated: February 18, 2021
Calling all Walt Disney World Annual Passholders. Several exclusive opportunities are coming to Animal Kingdom for Passholders to take advantage of — but only during the weekdays and for a limited time.
On Mondays through Fridays from Feb. 22 through March 19, 2021, DinoLand U.S.A. will offer Passholders the following offerings, while supplies last.
Passholders can head to Chester & Hester's Dinosaur Treasures for a special Fossil Fun Games promotion. When they buy three game tickets, they'll receive a complimentary retired, non-Disney plush consolation prize.
Keep in mind that Chester & Hester's Dinosaur Treasures opens one hour after park open and will remain open to 4 p.m. Fossil Fun Games is open from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
When visiting the Restaurantosaurus Lounge, there will be four exclusive beverages available to purchase: the Tyrannosaurus Wreck, Fossil Fuel, Pterodactyl Punch, and the Triceraberry Pop.
The lounge is open from 10:30 a.m. to park close. Also, a Passholder discount does not apply to alcoholic beverages.
If that isn't enough, APs can also purchase an exclusive Donald Duck cookie from Dino-Bite Snacks, which is open from 10:30 a.m. to park close.
Finally, Passholders can once again receive a complimentary magnet and one featuring safari Donald Duck and Spike the Bee. APs can pick it up in DinoLand U.S.A. at an undisclosed location, but there will most likely be signs directing Passholders. You can also ask a Cast Member working.
Magnets are limited to one per Passholder and APs must be present to pick up their magnet Monday through Friday from park open to 4 p.m.
Passholders must present their valid Annual Pass card and government-issue photo ID in order to receive the magnet and to purchase any of the exclusive food and beverage items, along with the game tickets.
Park Hopping Changes & More Coming to Disney World & Disneyland
Early Entry and More Limited-Time Perks at Typhoon Lagoon Announced for Disney World Passholders
Disney World Introducing Park-Specific Ticket Pricing, Annual Pass Prices Increasing
2022 Swan & Dolphin Offer Now Available For Florida Residents & Annual Passholders
Reservations Are Now Open For New Walt Disney World Swan Reserve
Walt Disney World's 50th Anniversary Celebration Details Are Here


Third Row Seat, Quad Bucket Seats, Power Liftgate, Rear Air, Heated Rear Seat Onboard Communications System, Aluminum Wheels, Remote Trunk Release, Keyless Entry, Privacy Glass.
ENTERTAINMENT SYSTEM, REAR SEAT, BLU-RAY/DVD with remote control, overhead display, four 2-channel wireless infrared headphones and auxiliary audio/video input jacks and USB port, SUNROOF, POWER, TILT-SLIDING with express-open and close and wind deflector, TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC, ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED with overdrive and tow/haul mode (STD), SEATS, FRONT BUCKET WITH PERFORATED LEATHER-APPOINTED HEATED AND COOLED SEAT CUSHIONS 12-way power driver and passenger seat includes 6-way power cushions, driver seat 2-position memory, 4-way power lumbar control and power recline (STD), AUDIO SYSTEM, CHEVROLET MYLINK RADIO WITH NAVIGATION AND 8" DIAGONAL COLOR TOUCH-SCREEN AM/FM stereo with seek-and-scan and digital clock, includes Bluetooth streaming audio for music and select phones; voice-activated technology for radio and phone; featuring Apple CarPlay capability for compatible phone; includes 5 USB ports and 1 auxiliary jack (STD), ENGINE, 5.3L V8 ECOTEC3 WITH ACTIVE FUEL MANAGEMENT, DIRECT INJECTION AND VARIABLE VALVE TIMING includes aluminum block construction (355 hp [265 kW] @ 5600 rpm, 383 lb-ft of torque [518 N-m] @ 4100 rpm) (STD). Chevrolet LTZ with Iridescent Pearl Tricoat exterior and Cocoa/Dune interior features a 8 Cylinder Engine with 355 HP at 5600 RPM*.
This Suburban is priced $8,000 below NADA Retail.


text:
'Bending Genre: Essays on Creative Nonfiction' Edited by Margot Singer and Nicole Walker
Author: Marcie Bianco
Most writers understand that narratives are constructions that can never truly or objectively capture the totality of an event. Using the individual lexicons at our disposal, we try a posteriori to "capture" or "recreate" an experience as best we can. These writers realize that there is no definitive boundary between "fact" and "fiction" when it comes to literature. No wonder the generic distinctions of "fiction" and "nonfiction" seem ill-fitting or, indeed, fabrications themselves.
And, yet, while writers know that narratives are deliberate, linguistic constructions, oftentimes they and their readership are challenged by questions of "truthiness," more often than not, so that their work can be pigeonholed into the appropriate genre. It is at this critical juncture that Margot Singer and Nicole Walker have entered the debate with their new anthology, Bending Genre: Essays on Creative Nonfiction, in order to think beyond the ethical questions of truthiness that have plagued literary writing.
Singer and Walker, both scholars of creative writing and creative writers themselves, collaborated with over two dozen established writers to present a collection of essays on the literary form and aesthetic of creative nonfiction—that relatively recent and feisty hybrid genre "commonly defined as fact-based writing that uses the techniques of fiction to bring its stories to life." The volume is divided into three parts, with each contributor offering their own theoretical analyses or innovative interpretation of "creative nonfiction." Emphasis is placed on the genre as a "queer hybrid": "[t]he hybrid is transgressive, polyvalent, queer": it "does not simply borrow elements from fiction and poetry, but bends and recombines them to make a hybrid that perpetually troubles and transcends generic bounds."
Throughout the three parts of the anthology "the essay" is lauded as the queer literary form par excellence. Playing upon the doubleness in meaning—both in its noun (a literary form) and verbal ("to try or to attempt")—many of the contributors champion the essay as "a site of resistance," to quote David Lazar in "Queering the Essay". In style and in form the essay is daring; it is, Lazar continues, "a place where things have happened rhetorically as well as formally that haven't happened elsewhere." In "On the EEO Genre Sheet," Jenny Boully discusses how she uses this "site of resistance" as a pedagogic tool in the classroom. T. Clutch Fleischmann and editor Singer give their attention to individual modalities of the essay: Fleischmann writes about the "bent essay" that "Acts Up and steps outside of the lie it was supposed to stand behind," while Singer describes the "hermit crab essay" as that which marks the "scaffolding" or "false documents" attached to the central prose. The essay is utilized by a variety of writers—scholarly and otherwise—because it is a liberating and liberated form.
In this regard, Bending Genre as a whole is seemingly random, and therefore, a wonderfully queer enterprise. Collectively, it is not entirely criticism; not entirely creative writing. Singer and Walker collate the essays to destabilize the reader's assumptions and expectations of the text—and they do so successfully. The anthology is also queer because it raises more questions than it offers answers. One question that repeatedly comes to mind while reading the essays is one of methodology: the genre of "creative nonfiction" is an a posteriori construct, but it is interrogated as if it were an a priori category. To rephrase, the genre would seem to post-date the writing, and yet writers like Mary Cappello, in "Propositions; Provocations: Inventions," make me wonder if writers write with a mind to genre—that "creative nonfiction," she says, is "a vehicle" rather than an afterthought. The idea of writing in accordance with a genre seems rather limiting; however writers do indeed write with a form or even their own idiosyncratic aesthetic in mind. So, why not genre?
Perplexing and intellectually stimulating, Bending Genre and all the questions it raises continues the discussion outside of the text. What is particularly noteworthy of Singer and Walker is that their project—much in the vein of "queer" and of the notion that writing, like critical thinking, is interminable—remains alive online. They have harnessed the powers of new media to keep the discussion going, both on Facebook as well as the project's website.
Bending Genre: Essays on Creative Nonfiction
Edited by Margot Singer and Nicole Walker
Paperback, 9781441123299, 226pp.
About: Marcie Bianco
Marcie Bianco, Lesbian-feminist, public Intellectual, PhD, is a columnist and contributing writer at AfterEllen, Lambda Literary, and PolicyMic, as well as an adjunct associate professor at John Jay College at Hunter College. She has also contributed to Curve Magazine, Feministing, The Feminist Wire, Huffington Post, and The L Stop, and makes frequent appearances on Huffington Post Live. Her current projects include a scholarly manuscript about the anti-humanist, materialist ethics of English Renaissance Drama; an essay regarding the "satirical aesthetics" of HBO's GIRLS; and a memoir about lesbian academic affairs. Tumble4Her at marciebiancoqpi.tumblr.com, and follow her on The Twitter at @MarcieBianco.
Margot Singer
Marci Bianco
queer academic


To help guide patients and families through complex and emotional process of cancer treatment, The William R. Bliss Cancer Resource Center offers a unique Cancer Care Navigator program. Cancer care navigation services are free of charge thanks to the generous support from donors to the Mary Greeley Foundation.
In addition to an explanation of the goals, benefits, and risks of treatment choices, cancer care navigators offer access to community resources such as transportation, financial assistance, and support groups. They may also offer information on trials, genetic counseling, and support programs.
Cancer care navigation services are confidential through the Cancer Resource Center.
For more information, contact the Cancer Resource at 515-956-6440 or 1-866-972-5477.


text:
Q: ASP.NET MVC validate query from controller to ajax Currently I have an insert query to my table and I don't have any idea how I can validate it, if the data is already exists in the table.
So for now I just used try-catch to handle the duplicate entry. I just wondering if I could return some text If value goes to catch then display it to my view as alert or something.
Here is my query from controller:
 public ActionResult AddUser(int id, string name, string age)
 {
        string constr = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString;

        using (MySqlConnection con = new MySqlConnection(constr))
        {
            string sqlQuery = "INSERT INTO myTable (id, name, age) VALUES (@id, @name, @age)";
            MySqlCommand cmd = new MySqlCommand(sqlQuery, con);
            cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@id", id);
            cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@name", name);
            cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@age", age);

            con.Open();

            try {
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                con.Close();
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            catch (Exception )
            {
                con.Close();
                return this.Json("This Data already exist on table");
            }
        }
    }

And this is my script to read my controller query:
 function add(id, name, age) {

        var result = confirm("Are you want to add " + name + " to list?");
        if (result == true) {

            $.ajax({
                url: '/Home/AddUser',
                type: 'POST',
                data: {
                    'id': id,
                    'name': name,
                    'age': age,
                },
                success: function (data) {
                    alert('Data has been successfully added');
                },
                error: function (jqXhr, textStatus, errorThrown) {
                    alert(errorThrown);
                }
            });
        }
    }

So far I can successfully insert it to my table but if there is already exist and it's a duplicate it will do nothing so the user will not have a prompt if they already added it or already exist or not.
Any suggestions or comments. TIA.

A: Consider creating a constraint in your database table (unique constraint on that column(s)). That will prevent any duplicate records to be saved even if it passes your C# code which is talking to the database.
Add a check to see whether the record exist, just before executing the INSERT statement. You can write a SQL statement which checks before the insertion step. May be a stored procedure which has this SQL scripts which does this and you may call the stored procedure from your c# method.
There is no point in returning a redirect response if you are calling this from Ajax code. Consider returning a JSON structure which can tell the client side code whether the record was successfully inserted or duplicate found or code crashed.
Here is a quick and simple example, where I am calling the UserExist method, which checks whether there is a record with the specified name.  If it returns false, I continue to execute my code where I will try to insert. If you are using a stored procedure, you can add the record exist check inside that as well.
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult AddUser(int id, string name, string age)
{
    try
    {
       // your existing code to insert record to db
       // Check record exist
       if(UserExist(name))
       {
          return Json(new { status="failed", message = "Name exist"});
       }
       // name does not exist. Try to call the Insert code now.

       return Json(new { status="success", message = "Successfully saved"});
    }
    catch (SqlException exs)
    {
       // Check exs to see whether this was caused by unique constraint violation
       return Json(new { status="error", message = "User exist"});
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
       // to do : log the exception
       return Json(new { status="error", message = "Error in saving"});
    }
}
private bool UserExist(string name)
{
   // to do: check record exist in db
   // You may use ExecuteScalar method if you use raw ADO.NET
   // to do : return boolean value.
}

and in your success handler, check the status property of the response json and show the user the appropriate message
success:function(data)
{
  if(data.status==="success")
  {
      alert("Saved successfully");
  }
  else if(data.status==="failed")
  {
      alert(data.message);
  }
}

You can set the status property of your JSON object to failed when you are trying to insert duplicate record.
You can use specific exceptions for your exception handling part which can catch the exception when the unique key constraint is violated in the database level. Send a message to user in that catch block as well.

A: The first step you can do is creating a stored procedure which has output parameters to show insertion status, which must be different when duplicate data is found:
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE AddUser(in @id int, @name varchar(50), @age int, out @status varchar(20))
AS
BEGIN
    -- check if duplicate exists
    IF (SELECT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM myTable WHERE name = @name))
        BEGIN
           -- duplicate exist, no insertion to table
           SET @status = 'duplicate';
        END
    ELSE
        BEGIN
           INSERT INTO myTable (id, name, age) VALUES (@id, @name, @age)
           SET @status = 'success';
        END
    END
END
//
DELIMITER ;

Then, use the stored procedure name inside MySqlCommand and use its output parameter to return the status string:
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult AddUser(int id, string name, string age)
{
    string constr = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString;
    using (MySqlConnection con = new MySqlConnection(constr))
    {
        string sqlQuery = "AddUser";
        MySqlCommand cmd = new MySqlCommand(sqlQuery, con);
        cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@id", id);
        cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@name", name);
        cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@age", age);
        cmd.Parameters.Add("@status", MySqlDbType.VarChar).Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
        con.Open();
        try
        {
            cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            con.Close();
            return Json(new { status = (string)cmd.Parameters["@status"].Value });
        }
        catch (MySqlException ex)
        {
            con.Close();
            return Json(new { status = "error", message = ex.Message });
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            con.Close();
            return Json(new { status = "error", message = e.Message });
        }

    }
}

Then you can output messages depending on current status in AJAX callback:
$.ajax({
    url: '/Home/AddUser',
    type: 'POST',
    data: {
       'id': id,
       'name': name,
       'age': age,
    },
    success: function (data) {
        if (data.status === "success")
        {
            alert("Data has been successfully added");
        }
        else if (data.status === "duplicate")
        {
            alert("This Data already exist on table");
        }
        else if (data.status === "error")
        {
            alert(data.message);
        }
    }
    error: function (xhr, status, err) {
        // error handling
    }
}

If you don't want to check with SELECT query like above, consider altering the table by applying UNIQUE constraint and check against error code 1062 in MySqlException:
ALTER TABLE myTable ADD CONSTRAINT UNIQUE (name);


text:
China to close loophole used by tech firms for foreign IPOs
A trader works during the IPO for Chinese ride-hailing company Didi Global on the New York Stock Exchange floor on June 30. The overhaul would represent one of Beijing's biggest steps to crack down on overseas listings following the New York IPO of Didi, which proceeded despite regulatory concerns.
China is planning to ban companies from going public on foreign stock markets through variable interest entities, according to people familiar with the matter, closing a loophole long used by the country's technology industry to raise capital from overseas investors.
The ban, intended in part to address concerns over data security, is among changes included in a new draft of China's overseas listing rules that may be finalised as soon as this month, said the people, asking not to be identified discussing private information. Companies using the so-called VIE structure would still be allowed to pursue initial public offerings in Hong Kong, subject to regulatory approval, the people said.
The China Securities Regulatory Commission said on its website Wednesday that a media report about banning the overseas listings of companies using the VIE structure is not true, without giving further details.
Companies currently listed in the US and Hong Kong that use VIEs would need to make adjustments so their ownership structures are more transparent in regulatory reviews, especially in sectors off limits for foreign investment, the people said. It's unclear if that would mean a revamp of shareholders or, more drastically, a delisting of the most sensitive firms – moves that could revive fears of a decoupling between China and the US in areas like technology. Details of the proposed rules are still being discussed and could change.
The overhaul would represent one of Beijing's biggest steps to crack down on overseas listings following the New York IPO of ride-hailing giant Didi Global Inc, which proceeded despite regulatory concerns. Authorities have since moved swiftly to halt the flood of firms seeking to go public in the US, shuttering a path that's generated billions of dollars for technology firms and their Wall Street backers.
It's all part of a yearlong campaign to curb the breakneck growth of China's Internet sector and what Beijing has termed a "reckless" expansion of private capital. Banning VIEs from foreign listings would close a gap that's been used for two decades by technology giants from Alibaba Group Holding Ltd to Tencent Holdings Ltd to sidestep restrictions on foreign investment and list offshore. It potentially thwarts the ambitions of firms like ByteDance Ltd. contemplating going public outside the mainland.
The China Securities Regulatory Commission didn't immediately respond to a request for comment.
While a universal ban on the VIE structure isn't being contemplated, a halt on foreign listings and additional review for Hong Kong IPOs would mean the model will no longer be a viable way for many startups to tap capital markets. Some investment banks have already been advised by regulators to stop work on new deals involving VIEs, a person familiar with the matter said.
The demise of the VIE route would further threaten a lucrative line of business for Wall Street banks, which have helped almost 300 Chinese firms raise about $82bn through first-time share sales in the US over the past decade.
VIEs have been a perennial worry for global investors given their shaky legal status. Pioneered by Sina Corp and its investment bankers during a 2000 IPO, the VIE framework has never been formally endorsed by Beijing. It has nevertheless enabled Chinese companies to bypass rules on foreign investment in sensitive sectors including the Internet industry. The structure allows a Chinese firm to transfer profits to an offshore entity – registered in places like the Cayman Islands or British Virgin Islands – with shares that foreign investors can then own.
While virtually every major Chinese Internet company has used the structure, it has become increasingly worrisome for Beijing after technology firms infiltrated every corner of Chinese life and amassed reams of consumer data. Companies holding the data of more than 1mn users must undergo approval when seeking listings in other nations, the Cyberspace Administration of China said in July.
A cybersecurity review may also be required for firms planning IPOs in Hong Kong if it's decided that the listing will potentially have an impact on national security. The change hasn't stopped data-rich companies like music streaming venture Cloud Village Inc and artificial intelligence giant SenseTime Group Inc from planning debuts in the city.
Till recently, authorities had little legal recourse to prevent sensitive overseas listings, as with the Didi IPO. Officials have asked the ride-hailing giant to devise a plan to delist from the US, people familiar said last week, an unprecedented request.
Woqod share in local retail market reaches about 85% in 2021 driven by higher sales
Turkey pauses rate cuts after surge in inflation
China cuts key rates, steps up monetary stimulus
Fed's unprecedented tightening steps sow market, economy jitters
UK sees highest inflation since 1992, pressuring BoE and households
China drafts rules to give property developers 'more access to escrow funds'
IEA: Tighter market seen as oil demand withstands Omicron
Inventus Power inaugurates technical centre, manufacturing facility for advanced battery, power systems in QFZ


The fourth workshop I attended was a review of Carson's recent book on culture. I am about half way through reading the book myself, and have enjoyed it thus far, so I was interested in the session. The following is a summary.
Carson's book is something of a review of Niebuhr's Christ and Culture, and influential book on the subject of culture, published in 1951. Carson demonstrates that Niebuhr's work is not completely satisfactory in discussing culture, although it is a helpful reference point considering its influence.
Niebuhr is a transitional figure between neo-orthodoxy and neo-liberalism. His career spans a transitional period in the prevailing definition of culture, and he is prone to equivocation. His theological stance places him outside of evangelicalism. So his view of Christ may be a bit skewed.
Carson needs little introduction. Snoeberger is generally in agreement with the book.
Niebuhr is referenced by many, read by relatively few, and studied by still fewer. Niebuhr attempts to lay out a taxonomy of social engagement.
Christ Against Culture argues that non-Christian culture is totally corrupt, and we must separate ourselves completely from it.
Christ of Culture argues that culture is generally good, and the Church should accommodate what is best in culture for Christian ends.
Christ Above Culture argues that the good that culture possesses independently of Christ must be cultivated by Christ's higher ethic until the latter is completely embraced.
Christ Transforming Culture argues that Christ must be integrated into all arenas of the natural order.
Christ and Culture in Paradox argues that a Christian is simultaneously tugged by both forces.
Carson has a lot of reservations about Niebuhr's taxonomy. First Carson is convinced that Niebuhr's theological commitments threaten to abort the discussion from the very start. Niebuhr's aim at comprehensiveness is too successful. His analysis embraces too many groups as "Christian" including Catholics and Liberals.
Second, Carson finds Niebuhr's taxonomy both excessively partitioned and too reductionist. He is obligated to force historical figures into the various types as so many square pegs into round holes.
Third, Carson charged Niebuhr with neglect of the canonical plotline of biblical theology. This leads Carson to discuss one of his more insightful contributions to the discussion — the role of "turning points" in the biblical plotline as determinative in establishing an integrated theology of culture. He argues that too much emphasis on one turning point or another leads to various stances in Niebuhr's taxonomy.
Fourth, Carson chastens Niebuhr for not accounting for postmodern theology in his typology. Of course, postmodernism was not around when Niebuhr wrote, but this proves that his taxonomy is not as exhaustive and timeless as it purports to be. Thus Carson seeks to correct Niebuhr's approach with postmodernism in mind. Carson's method is at least informed by postmodernism. Gone are the rigid categories typical of modernism. In its place is a fluid approach. His approach is more occasional than Niebuhr's, similar to NT epistolary literature.
Niebuhr is not so much talking about the relationship between Christ and culture, as much as between two sources of authority as they compete within culture. Further, Niebuhr fails to answer the locus of Christian authority for believers living today. For us, of course, it is Scripture.
This brings us to the identity of culture, which Carson discusses at length. Carson defines culture in a way that is in serious danger of being lost in postmodern society — that the religious values that mark a given culture may be good or evil and, consequently, that some cultures may be better or worse than others. Cultural studies have for decades argued neutrality, and any valid theology of culture must resist this. Some cultures borrow from the Christian worldview, and others do not. This is not an expression of elitism, but an acknowledgment that thoroughly secularized cultures are inferior to those that have resisted secularization.
Unfortunately, Carson seems to use a definition of culture that runs contrary to what he has said about culture. No time to further discussion this.
What we have in culture are a barrage of mixed values combining to create a culture. Further, some cultures that reject culture nonetheless borrow some values from the Christian worldview because of common grace. This makes the identification of a master model of cultural engagement difficult.
Now we turn to ask Niebuhr and his audience the identity of their audience. Niebuhr doesn't identify his audience. Carson doesn't restrict his discussion, but he does articulate a tension, and correctly notes that a theology of engagement for an individual is different than engagement for a church. This is an important guard against the social gospel.
The fourth chapters is one of the most fascinating and helpful in the book. It functions as something of a case study in critical/philosophical thinking on some rather significant cultural issues. Carson calls on his readers to think globally and biblically about cultural forces.
For instance, Carson critiques the American tendency to regard democracy as a form of government morally superior to other forms of government. Democracy argues that man in general is good. Carson notes that when a society becomes thoroughly secularized, democracy can develop into something of a trap for Christians for which there is no hope of a coup to bring relief. In this case, democracy proves to be a scourge to the Church. In secular democracies Christians tend to surrender religious freedom to the secular, democratic "state," but do so in such a way that Christians actually end up approving that loss.
This specific disregard for the differences between shifting American values and fixed Christian values is but one example of the many subtle forces that dull Christian thinking. To counter these, Carson presses the need for believers to engage in discernment, that is, in critical, analytical, and philosophical thinking and living within their respective cultures. It is call to discern values that underly practices.
This is why Carson reacts so severely to Niebuhr's idea of a "master model" of cultural engagement. He wants a theology of cultural engagement that operates on the level of discerned values, not observed practices.
Snoeberger has a few minor quibbles with Carson's treatment: (1) Carson is a bit harder on Niebuhr than is merited since Niebuhr admits that his typology is not something to which anyone wholly conforms.
(2) Carson's eschatology is more "realized" than Scripture permits. Thus, his emphasis on new covenant and kingdom themes is more pronounced than Snoeberger's, and his anticipation of cultural renewal consequently more optimistic. his substantial "already" emphasis energizes a measure of hope for cultural renewal today.
(3) While Snoeberger agrees that a consistent "master model" of cultural engagement cannot be crafted on the level of practice, he is convinced there are enough guiding principles to generate a sort of values-driven cohesion to the Christian's response to culture.
There are two levels of cultural engagement — practice and values. On the level of practice, engagement seems somewhat erratic. But a corresponding theology of cultural engagement at the values level explains those inconsistencies and creates a coherent "master model" of cultural engagement. This is illustrated in Paul's exchange with the Corinthians in 1 Corinthians 8—10. Paul is not dealing on the level of practice alone; he is dealing on the level of values. Therefore his practice seems somewhat erratic, but when viewed through his evaluation of values, it makes perfect sense.
(1)Believers should courageously resist cultural practices that are intrinsically evil.
(2)Believers should eschew cultural practices that are intrinsically good and even biblically sanctioned if they stem from and actively promote unbiblical and/or non-theistic values.
(3)Believers should exercise humble reserve in their response to cultural practices that are intrinsically good and even biblically sanctioned if they might be perceived as promoting unbiblical and non-theistic values.
(4)Believers may, however, adopt cultural practices that stem directly from common-grace values.
Carson's more or less consistent praise of Abraham Kuyper and in particular the Klass Schilder's variation of Kuyper's methodology suggests that Carson finds the Kuper/Schilder model closer to the "master model" than any of Niebuhr's five taxons. Snoeberger resonates with this favorable treatment and proposes that a revival in interest in their ideas is well worth our time.
The discernment of the church at large has been made dull by the assumption of benignity and neutrality in the dominant cultures of this world, and it is high time to rein in the church's embrace of worldliness as it rushes eagerly toward the world under the banner of contextualized relevancy. We must never become so eager to contextualize and acculturate that we fail to press the antitheses that the Gospel demands.


text:
Q: How to map extra additional property on Entity database call I have the following class:
public class MessageThread
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Messages can relate to messages through replies
    /// </summary>
    public virtual List<Message> Messages { get; set; }

    [NotMapped]
    public int CountUnreadMessages {get;set;}
}

In my repository I get a list of MessageThread back like so:
return this.PrepareAllMessageThreadsQuery( page, amount, sort, order, searchCriteria )
    .Where(x => x.SentTo.Id == userID)
    .Skip((page - 1) * amount)
    .Take(amount);

I would like to fill up the CountUnreadMessages part aswell... how do I go about doing this... I assume it looks something like this:
return this.PrepareAllMessageThreadsQuery( page, amount, sort, order, searchCriteria )
    .Where(x => x.SentTo.Id == userID)
    .Select(x => {
        x.UnreadMessageCount = x.Messages.Where(a => a.Read == false).Count();
    })
    .Skip((page - 1) * amount)
    .Take(amount);

Obviously the above doesn't work :)
How do I go about doing this?
I realise there might be an options like this (although I can't get it to work):
return this.PrepareAllMessageThreadsQuery( page, amount, sort, order, searchCriteria )
    .Where(x => x.SentTo.Id == userID)
    .Select(x => new MessageThread() {
        // Lots of other properties have to be mapped too :(
        UnreadMessageCount = x.Messages.Where(a => a.Read == false).Count()
    })
    .Skip((page - 1) * amount)
    .Take(amount);

But I have to remap an entire class just for the sake of it...
EDIT......
I've gone for this:
public class MessageThread
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Messages can relate to messages through replies
    /// </summary>
    public virtual IList<Message> Messages { get; set; }

    [NotMapped]
    public int UnreadMessageCount
    {
        get
        {
            if( this.Messages == null )
            {
                return 0;
            }

            return this.Messages.Where(x => x.Read == false).Count();
        }
    }
}

Does this now look okay?

A: You can make UnreadMessageCount a get-only property. This will only work when Messages is loaded with your objects.
[NotMapped]
public int CountUnreadMessages
{
    get
    {
        return Messages.Count(x => !x.Read);
    }
}


Our aim for all children here at Woodland's is to respect themselves and have consideration of each other.
Every child deserves a positive learning atmosphere. Our intimate school and qualified caring staff provides this for the child.
or complete the information below and we will contact you to book a tour of our facilities.