text:
9th Gen Intel Core processors are coming to laptops
Edited By Odishatv Bureau Published By IANS On Apr 23, 2019 - 8:00 PM
Pic Credit: anandtech.com
New Delhi: Intel on Tuesday unveiled its new 9th Gen Intel Core mobile H-series processors designed for gamers and creators who want to push their experience to the next level.
Laptops powered by the 9th Gen Intel Core mobile processors would launch from original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) including Acer, ASUS, Dell, HP, Lenovo and MSI, starting April 23, as they introduce the most compelling laptops for gaming and content creation.
"Our new 9th Gen platform is designed to delight gamers, creators and performance users by giving them more of what they want.
We are bringing desktop-caliber performance with up to 5 Ghz and 8 cores in a range of thinner systems and new level of connectivity with Wi-Fi 6 (Gig+) so users can game or create where they want," Fredrik Hamberger, General Manager, Premium and Gaming Laptop Segments, Intel, said in a statement.
At the top of the stack is the 9th Gen Intel Core i9-9980HK processor — the first Core i9 mobile chip with up to 5 GHz2 and "Thermal Velocity Boost", 8 cores and 16 threads, and support for 16MB of Intel Smart Cache.
The full range of processors include Intel Core i5, i7 and the unlocked Intel Core i9-9980HK for higher performance.
The chipset making giant also made additions to the 9th Gen Intel Core desktop processor family.
The 9th Gen Intel Core desktop processor lineup now includes more than 25 products with options ranging from Intel Core i3 to Intel Core i9.
"The family also brings Pentium Gold and Celeron products to market for entry-level computing, giving consumers even more options to find the right desktop to fit their specific need and budgets," the company said.
Fight Against Crime: Rourkela Gets Smarter With 25 PCR Vans,…
Bigg Boss 13: "Always Provoked By Vishal," Says…
MS Dhoni Will Be Retained By CSK In 2021: N Srinivasan


The minutes of a 1922 meeting of the Council of the Jewish Community of Salonica, today's Thessaloniki in Greece, recorded a cordial but contentious discussion.
This week my attempts to carry out archival research in Manila have been interrupted by Pope Francis' visit to the Philippines.
Traditional maps can portray people and places at certain moments, but they do not capture the dynamism of movement and change over time. And historical texts can describe change over time but lack the visual element that makes it possible to see the multiple dimensions of change at once.
Pierre Minault's First World War diary, In the Trenches, is now complete and available for download. Click here.


The 35th Infantry Regiment Association salutes our fallen brother, PFC Scott Cannon Bowcutt, who died in the service of his country on March 21st, 1967 in Kontum Province, Vietnam. The cause of death was listed as Multi-Frag. At the time of his death Scott was 21 years of age. He was from Tremonton, Utah. Scott is honored on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial at Panel 16E, Line 129.
The decorations earned by PFC Scott Cannon Bowcutt include: the Combat Infantryman Badge, the Bronze Star with V, the Purple Heart, the National Defense Service Medal, the Vietnam Service Medal, the Vietnam Campaign Medal and the Vietnam Cross of Gallantry with Palm Unit Citation.
Scott is buried in the Riverview Cemetery in Tremonton.
Scott was born February 8, 1946 in Ogden, Utah. He graduated from Bear River High School. I had a service station and Scott worked for me after school and summers. After high school, Scott was attending Dixie College in St. George, Utah. He had started to lift weights and was really developing his body. We were informed of his death approximately one week after his death. Two servicemen arrived with the casket as honor guards. One or the other, or both, were at the side of the casket at all times. Both of these young men were very professional, very gracious, and attended to whatever needs the family might ask. Scott was buried in the Riverview Cemetery at Tremonton, Utah about the first week in April. My fourth son was born 21 April 1967 and we named him after Scott. In the last letter I received from Scott he said he had been reassigned to the motor pool and had to "Hump the hills for Charlie" just one more time. He had been in Vietnam just six months. His name is on a memorial in the town square.
Scott was a very honest person. We shared one bedroom while going to Dixie Jr. College in St. George, Utah. We both worked at different gas stations after school to pay our own way. He was just a real pleasure to be around and would do anything he could to help a friend. I was drafted and Scott was too. I have always wondered why I was lucky in being sent to MP school while Scott ended-up in the infantry. Oh, we had our times, Tet '68, lots of ambushes when we escorted convoys, and rockets into our base camp. But nothing like what you guys went through. I read the story last night, brought tears to my eyes. I know Scott would have bravely fought to the end. My heart goes out to him and to others who were KIA or survived that big battle.
For heroism in connection with military operations against an armed hostile force in the Republic of Vietnam. Private First Class Bowcutt distinguished himself while serving as a Rifleman in the 3rd Platoon, Company C, 2/35th Infantry, which was on a search and destroy mission in the Plei Trap Valley. When his unit became engaged with numerically superior enemy force, Private First Class Bowcutt refused to take cover and began to deliver a heavy volume of fore on the hostile positions. It was during this daring act of bravery that he was fatally wounded. Private First Class Bowcutt's personal bravery and devotion to duty are in keeping with the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit upon himself, his unit, and the United States Army.


The Alicanto is a glowing nocturnal bird comparable to the Carbuncle, perhaps sharing the same folkloric origin. It is known to inhabit Chile, and has been reported from Atacama, San Bernardo, Santiago, Talagante, and Tarapacá.
Alicantos feed exclusively on metal ores, and take on the color of the metal they ingest – a gold-eating alicanto emits a golden light, while the silver-eating variety glows a cold metallic gray. The rare copper-eating alicanto is greenish, with large wings, a hooked beak, long legs, and sharp claws. Due to its phosphorescence, an alicanto does not cast a shadow. The eyes are bright and gleam silver.
These birds are flightless, but their wings are perfectly functional. They will often gorge themselves on metal, filling their crop so much that they cannot fly. At best they run fast with their wings held open; a full alicanto can barely drag itself along the ground.
Alicantos live around mines and hidden treasure, and nest in small caves. The female always lays two eggs, the shells of which are made of the metal she eats.
As an alicanto indicates the presence of precious metal, finding one can be highly lucrative. For that reason they are sought out by prospectors, engineers, miners, and unscrupulous looters hoping that the birds will lead them to rich veins. However, an alicanto is highly protective of its food sources, and if it knows it's being followed, it will stop glowing and disappear into the darkness – or worse, lead its pursuers to a cliff.


text:
Celebrating the Life and Ministry of Cherylann Sammons
Dec 5, 2018 | Advocacy, India, Indonesia, Transformation, Uncategorized | 10 comments
Our dear sister in Christ, Cherylann Sammons was ushered from earth to heaven on Thanksgiving Day, November, 2018 where she lives forever in the presence of the Lord she loves.
Cherylann served as an advocate and researcher with She Is Safe (formerly Sisters In Service) before the nonprofit organization was officially formed. She joined the first research team to interview women in least reached countries to gain stories and insights for the InterVarsity Press book, Daughters of Hope.
The interviews with women who suffer to serve so captured Cherylann's heart that she longed to help them. To begin, she formed a She Is Safe Advocacy Group in Castro Valley, CA, which continues its exemplary work to raise awareness and funds for Transformation Groups-India.
Once the nonprofit was established, Cherylann was among our first employees, serving as South Asia Director, then India Director and most recently as Transformation Group Program Director.
Cherylann was a cheerful and avid learner – drawing from local women leaders' best practices for preventing abuse and slavery, while exalting Christ and strengthening leaders with insight and love. What she learned and shared with the She Is Safe family became our most powerful, replicable program: Transformation Groups.
Cherylann's deep love caused her to shoulder the burdens that indigenous women leaders bear and endeared her to every leader and co-worker across the continents where She Is Safe works.
We can only estimate the far-reaching effects of Cherylann's loving labors. Conservatively, the number of women, girls and families lifted is into the hundreds of thousands who benefitted over these nearly 20 years – and the waves of transformation continue into eternity.
Thank you for your love, prayers and support for Cherylann as she served, and for growing her legacy into eternity.
Michele Rickett
The Cherylann Sammons Memorial Fund
This memorial fund provides a way for you to go on honoring the life and ministry of Cherylann by funding the equipping of women in high-risk places to build lives of freedom and faith for a strong future – for this generation and the next through the program she helped to develop and lead.
In Transformation Groups, 12-20 women meet weekly under the guidance of a trained local leader to gain skills in literacy, income generation and business development, saving and lending, and abuse prevention.
You may give toward this fund by mail or by calling 877-552-1402.
Share Your Memories of Cherylann Here
When we remember Cherylann, we think of her sitting on the floor in a village home surrounded by a group of women. Not just any group of women – a Transformation Group. She knows these women and understands their challenges. It's why she seems so at ease. It's why she can laugh with them and cry with them, hold their hands and pray. And even though there are many cultural barriers that should separate them, she knows how to speak the language of love that binds them together. Even when she challenges them and asks hard questions about their saving and lending, the women let her into their world, drink their tea or coffee, and hold their babies.
Do you have memories of Cherylann? Please share your thoughts in the comment box below:
Kathleen Ruebling on December 5, 2018 at 9:55 pm
Cherylann exemplified what it means to be a sacrificing, loving, caring Christian even while battling for her life – she walked the talk and exuded the joy of the Lord and her love for those who were in desperate need of Him. She was a light in the darkness.
Debbie Preston on December 6, 2018 at 6:20 am
A beautiful friend who loved Jesus with her whole heart! I am blessed to have known her! ❤
Arch Bishop Moses Swamidas, Bible Faith Mission India on December 6, 2018 at 10:26 am
Dear Mrs. & Dr. Michele Rickett,
We the whole BFM family of thousands especially the thousands of Dalit women in the six states of BFM ministry express our deepest and painful verse of sorrow for the demise of our dear Cherylann Sammons. Though physically she is taken to the hands of her savior for whom she lived and walked in the earthly world and lives with us no more spiritually Cherylann Sammons lives in our hearts.
She left the world of pain and misery and the contribution she has made impacted the thousands of women and girl children in the ministry of Bible Faith Mission especially in the family of the Bishop's. Whenever she stayed with us she was a sparking light in all her actions, prayers and concern. She will be remembered as long as the BFM ministry exists.
Dear Mrs. & Dr. Michele we know that you lost a great warrior in the ministry of "She Is Safe". It's our prayer that God would give you peace and also provide you a suitable person of God's choice to replace Cherylann Sammons.
Thanking you.
Yours in Him,
Arch Bishop Moses Swamidas.
Lauren Schimke on December 8, 2018 at 4:49 pm
I am donating in the honor of Cherylann Sammons. I never had the chance to meet her but am in awe of her daughter Amber. Amber shows up to make a difference in the world just like her mama. This is a incredible foundation and Id ike to donate each year! Cherylann made a impact on this earth and is continuing to do so!
Kay Marshall Strom on December 10, 2018 at 3:19 am
Cherylann was an amazing servant of the Lord, and a testimony in many areas that most Americans will never see. She was driven to follow Christ anywhere He led her. And she did. Cherylann was also a dear, dear friend. I had the great privilege of traveling with her as we worked together in forwarding the work of She is Safe. We were a good pair. Cherylann wanted the facts…absolutely correct and in detail. I wanted the stories. Together we were able to get much farther, and dig far deeper, than we ever could have done alone. One time we got to India late and tired. We were immediately informed that the evening would feature a long program and one of us should preach. We couldn't do it and do justice to the message God would want. So we decided to do it Indian-style–through drama. We quickly put together a presentation of Queen Esther who saved her people from annihilation. I told the story and Cherylann played all the parts–zipping back stage to change from one thrown-together costume to another. To this day, I never go back to India but what someone talks about that little play. Thank you, dear Cherylann. You were one of a kind. I miss you terribly, but heaven is a happier place because you are there.
Vasu Vittal on February 21, 2019 at 11:37 am
One of the privileges in life as a follower of Jesus is to connect with the worldwide family of God. I have met Cheryl Ann twice in life once in Mumbai and once in San Jose, while I worked with Oasis. She touched lives in very pognant ways. She helped women and children who were trafficked and infected with HIV by supporting their access to treatment through the provision of a mobile health care unit. Her joy, deep faith and infectious enthisiasm is a witness of the God whom she lived and served and spent her life sharing it with many of my country's poor and suffering. I had the privilege of staying connected with her electronically on various matters but it has been a deep sad shock to know her life has been snatched out because of the fight against cancer. I thank God for her legacy, memory and labour of love and am grateful to God to have connected with a women who uniquely lived, loved and gave her life to demonstrate Jesus !
Jesus on March 12, 2019 at 3:05 am
Hi there! Such a wonderful write-up, thanks!
Roman on March 12, 2019 at 5:46 am
Art on March 12, 2019 at 7:50 pm
Hi there! Such a nice short article, thanks!
Kathleen Campbell on March 18, 2019 at 9:14 pm
No one more humble,
no one more trustworthy,
no one more tenacious,
no one more lovely,
my friend Cherylann.
I have no doubt that the love and hard work God started through her in this organization will flourish and be exceedingly and abundantly more than we (or she) could have ever imagined.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


India is rapidly becoming one of the largest air travel markets in the world, and Air France-KLM wants to be an even bigger part of it.
Air France-KLM Group and Jet Airways India Ltd. agreed to deepen an existing partnership with offerings on India-Europe routes together, giving the biggest European airline more seamless access to the world's fastest growing major aviation market.
The latest deal will offer travel options for 44 cities in India and 106 destinations across Europe, Jean-Marc Janaillac, chairman of Air France-KLM said in a statement. In addition, another partnership between the European group and Delta Air Lines Inc. will help connect India to a trans-Atlantic network with hubs in Amsterdam and Paris.
Jet Airways passengers will be able to book a single ticket for a trip to the U.S. and Europe, and fly Delta, Air France-KLM or Virgin Atlantic for different legs of the journey, under the agreement. Flights will be "metal neutral," meaning revenue will be shared regardless of whose aircraft is deployed.
The enhanced tie-up with Jet Airways, 24 percent owned by Abu Dhabi's Etihad Airways PJSC, brings the European carrier closer to a market where passenger traffic is growing at more than 20 percent every year. Air France-KLM has significantly strengthened its links with other major carriers in recent months, with an agreement in July to buy 31 percent of Britain's Virgin Atlantic Airways Ltd. while selling 10 percent stakes to SkyTeam alliance partners Delta Air Lines Inc. and China Eastern Airlines Corp.
Etihad will stay invested and the Indian company has no plan to sell more stakes to any other airline, Jet Airways chairman Naresh Goyal told reporters in Mumbai. The latest deal will help the airline boost revenue by $1 billion, he said without elaborating.
Jet Airways and state-owned Air India Ltd. are among carriers whose fortunes have ebbed over the years after Gulf operators like Emirates Airline, Etihad and Qatar Airways Ltd. started offering cheap fares to fly passengers to their hubs in Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Doha, before transferring them to other flights. On local routes, no-frills carriers like market leader IndiGo, operated by InterGlobe Aviation Ltd., and SpiceJet Ltd. have captured market share with on-time services and cheap fares.
Jet Airways, which was the first local airline to get investment from a foreign carrier, posted its first annual profit in seven years in the 12 months ended March 2016, mainly because of a drop in oil prices. Etihad's other investments have done even worse. Three of its former units — Italy's Alitalia SpA, Air Berlin Plc. and Swiss regional carrier Darwin Airline SA — all collapsed in 2017.
The Indian carrier, which is not part of any airline alliance, is in talks with Air France-KLM, Delta and Virgin Atlantic for joint fuel purchases as well as to collaborate on engineering and maintenance, Goyal said. Jet Airways will connect Mumbai, New Delhi, Bengaluru and Chennai to the networks of Air France and Delta in Europe, CEO Vinay Dube said.
This article was written by P R Sanjai and Anurag Kotoky from Bloomberg and was legally licensed through the NewsCred publisher network. Please direct all licensing questions to legal@newscred.com.


Had the pleasure of capturing this gorgeous little family again, last time it was when this little guy had just made his debut to the world, now 6 months later. Isn't he the cutest?! I never take for granted when clients return for another session with me, it's always such an honor and compliment that they chose me again amongst all the other thousands of photogs in OC . For this open fields rolling hills family session, we roamed the area , played & cuddled. Their love was contagious, and I was soaking up the sun flare beaming between them as they connected.
We were also able to jump grandma in a few photos toward the end of the session, which is always a treat. You'll never regret documenting the generations, its such a special thing.


NYOUG thanks our Corporate Sponsors!
Without their help, we could not continue to supply our members their benefits.
Please take a moment to visit our sponsors in recognition of their efforts.
If you are interested in becoming a sponsor, please contact the Vendor Coordinator at vendorcoordinator@nyoug.org for vendor information, sponsorship, and benefits.


text:
JMIR Dermatology
Hidradenitis Suppurativa (5) Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) (226) Digital Health Reviews (740) Reviews (56) Patient Satisfaction and Quality of Care in Dermatology (7) Research Instruments, Questionnaires, and Tools (409) Reviews in Dermatology (19)
Published on 1.10.2021 in Vol 4 , No 2 (2021) :Jul-Dec
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/27869, first published February 10, 2021 .
Trends in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Disease Severity and Quality of Life Outcome Measures: Scoping Review
Jalal Maghfour 1 ; Torunn Elise Sivesind 2 ; Robert Paul Dellavalle 2, 3 ; Cory Dunnick 2
Jalal Maghfour1*, MD ;
Torunn Elise Sivesind2*, BS, MD ;
Robert Paul Dellavalle2,3, MSPH, PhD, MD ;
Cory Dunnick2, MD
1Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
2Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
3Dermatology Service, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
Cory Dunnick, MD
University of Colorado School of Medicine
1665 Aurora Ct
Aurora, CO, 80045
Phone: 1 7208480500
Email: cory.dunnick@cuanschutz.edu
Background: Although there has been an increase in the number of randomized controlled trials evaluating treatment efficacy for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), instrument measurements of disease severity and quality of life (QoL) are varied, making the compilation of data and comparisons between studies a challenge for clinicians.
Objective: We aimed to perform a systematic literature search to examine the recent trends in the use of disease severity and QoL outcome instruments in randomized controlled trials that have been conducted on patients with HS.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted in February 2021. The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were used to identify all articles published from January 1964 to February 2021. In total, 41 articles were included in this systematic review.
Results: The HS Clinical Response (HiSCR) score (18/41, 44%) was the most commonly used instrument for disease severity, followed by the Sartorius and Modified Sartorius scales (combined: 16/41, 39%). The Dermatology Life Quality Index (18/41, 44%) and visual analogue pain scales (12/41, 29%) were the most commonly used QoL outcome instruments in HS research.
Conclusions: Randomized controlled trials conducted from 2013 onward commonly used the validated HiSCR score, while older studies were more heterogeneous and less likely to use a validated scale. A few (6/18, 33%) QoL measures were validated instruments but were not specific to HS; therefore, they may not be representative of all factors that impact patients with HS.
Trial Registration: National Institute of Health Research PROSPERO CRD42020209582; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020209582
JMIR Dermatol 2021;4(2):e27869
hidradenitis suppurativa; severity of illness index; patient-reported outcome measures; quality of life; treatment outcome; illness index; patient outcomes; disease severity; Sartorius; dermatology; treatment interventions
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating chronic inflammatory condition that most commonly involves the axilla, inframammary, inguinal, and anogenital regions [1]. HS is characterized by inflamed nodules that generally progress to painful abscesses, sinus tracts, fibrosis, and scarring [2]. HS has been shown to be associated with the increased incidence of metabolic, autoimmune, and psychosocial comorbidities [2]. Although it has been historically difficult to ascertain the exact prevalence of the disease due to underdiagnosis and variations in the estimates among epidemiologic studies, a recent meta-analysis [3] estimated a worldwide prevalence of 0.3% (range 0.2%-0.6%).
Despite the burden of the disease, the treatment of HS is heterogeneous, and effective management has proven difficult; however, new therapies are under investigation. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that are investigating these new therapies have used various instruments to quantify HS disease severity and its impact on patients' quality of life (QoL).
It is well established that HS results in significant emotional, social, and psychological burdens on patients [4]. Recent studies have reported on the increased prevalence of anxiety, depression, and suicidality among patients with HS [5]. These psychological conditions are indicative of a poor QoL [6] and highlight the importance of incorporating patient-focused outcome measures in HS research. Both the US Federal Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency have recommended the evidence-based use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in clinical trials and have emphasized their importance [7]. PROMs are particularly important in chronic debilitating skin diseases, such as HS. In HS research, RCTs have reported objective and subjective outcomes via a diverse assortment of scales and questionnaires, making the compilation of data and comparisons between studies quite difficult. A previously published study identified 30 different outcome instruments in HS research [8] and found that nearly 90% of these instruments had not been validated. Given the role of clinical research in providing evidence to inform clinical decision-making, the standardization of outcome measures is crucial to enabling data comparisons between studies.
The purpose of this study was to investigate trends in disease severity scales and QoL instruments that were used in HS-related RCTs conducted between January 1964 and February 2021 via a systematic search of the literature.
A scoping review of the literature was conducted in February 2021 by using the following four databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane. To ensure transparency and reproducibility, the literature search was conducted according to the framework established by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) reporting guidelines [9] and was prospectively registered with PROSPERO. The key search terms were Hidradenitis Suppurativa, acne inversa, randomized controlled trial, RCT, quality of life, QoL, QOL, patient reported outcome measures, PROM, HS severity, severity of HS, Sartorius scale, Hurley stage, and severity of illness index. Detailed search results are included in Multimedia Appendix 1.
This scoping review included published RCTs that reported disease severity, QoL, or both. Secondary articles (eg, reviews and meta-analyses), case reports and case series, cohort studies, letters to editors, commentaries, and in vivo and in vitro experimental studies were excluded. Two reviewers (JM and TS) independently screened articles to include those that met the defined inclusion criteria, were written in English, and were available as full texts. In total, 111 articles were excluded during title and abstract screening for the following reasons: (1) a non-RCT study design (eg, cohort studies, observational studies, reviews, letters), (2) insufficient data, (3) articles written in languages other than English, and (4) articles that were unavailable in a full-text format. An additional 19 studies were excluded after careful review due to the lack of reporting on disease severity and QoL outcome measures.
Summary of Articles
A total of 171 nonduplicated reports were identified; 60 articles underwent a full-text review, and a total of 41 studies [10-50] were included in this review (Figure 1). For each included RCT, the level of evidence was rated according to the evidence levels established by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine [51].
Figure 1. The search process is depicted by using a flow diagram that was adapted from the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.
The following data were extracted: (1) the proportion of RCTs that used disease severity indices or QoL outcome instruments, (2) the total number of and the frequency of use of disease severity scales, and (3) the total number of and the frequency of use of QoL outcome measures.
Study Characteristics
A total of 41 RCTs that were published between 1986 and 2021 were identified; these accounted for a total of 3235 participants. The appraisal of studies via the methods outlined by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine evidence ratings scheme was performed; 17 RCTs qualified as level 1b studies, while the remaining 24 studies were level 2b studies. Summary information for the characteristics of the included studies, including evidence levels, is available in Multimedia Appendix 2. Of the 41 included RCTs, 38 (93%) used disease severity outcome measures, and of these 38 RCTs, 30 (79%) used more than 1 scale to assess disease severity. Additionally, 30 of the 41 studies (73%) included QoL measures; of these 30 studies, 20 studies (67%) assessed more than 1 QoL measure.
Disease Severity Outcome Measures
A total of 25 disease severity outcome measures were identified in this review. The HS Clinical Response (HiSCR) score (19/41, 46%) was the most common instrument used in HS clinical research. HiSCR score use increased from the year 2012 onward. Of the 27 RCTs published since 2012, 18 (67%) used the HiSCR score as an outcome measure (Table 1).
The Sartorius Scale and its modified version—the Modified Sartorius Scale (MSS), which was denoted by some authors as the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesion, Area, Severity Index (HS-LASI; Sartorius Scale: 7/41, 17%; MSS: 9/41, 22%)—were the second most frequently used instruments for disease severity assessment. The Physician Global Assessment (PGA; 8/41, 20%) was the third most commonly used instrument for disease severity. Only 5 of the 41 RCTs (12%) used the PGA scale that was specific to HS (also known as the HS-PGA). The Hurley stage was primarily used to stratify patients' disease severity prior to enrollment; only 3 studies incorporated the Hurley stage as an outcome measure. A recently developed and validated HS outcome measure—the International HS Severity Scoring System (IHS4)—was identified in a single RCT that was published in 2021 [50].
There were several studies that used inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and cytokine profiles (7/41, 17%). Further, 1 RCT used noninvasive sonographic imaging to evaluate lesion depth and vascularity (Table 2).
Table 1. The frequency and proportion of disease severity outcome measures.
Disease severity outcome instrument Studies, n (%)
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Responsea 18 (44)
Modified Sartorius Scalea; Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesion, Area, Severity Index; and Modified Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesion, Area, Severity Index 9 (22)
Physician Global Assessment and evaluation 8 (20)
Sartorius Scale 7 (17)
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Physician Global Assessmenta 5 (12)
Adverse events 5 (12)
Hurley stage 5 (12)
Abscess and nodule count 5 (12)
Mean improvement in abscesses, fistulae, and nodules 3 (7)
Recurrence 2 (5)
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Index 2 (5)
Time to hidradenitis suppurativa exacerbation 2 (5)
Histological changes 2 (5)
International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Scoring Systema 1 (2)
Disease Activity Score (visual analogue scale) 1 (2)
Wound healing 1 (2)
Incidence of hidradenitis suppurativa flare 1 (2)
Manchester postinflammatory scar scoring 1 (2)
Hair follicle count 1 (2)
Average number of days to lesion resolution 1 (2)
Investigator and physician assessment 1 (2)
aA validated hidradenitis suppurativa scale.
Table 2. Laboratory and noninvasive imaging as outcome measures of disease severity.
Diagnostic and inflammatory markers as outcome measures Studies, n (%)
C-reactive protein 5 (12)
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 1 (2)
Cytokine profile 1 (2)
Ultrasound findings (eg, vascularity and the depth of lesions) 1 (2)
QoL Outcome Measures
A total of 18 QoL outcome instruments were identified. These are summarized in Table 3.
The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was the most common patient-centered outcome reported in this review (18/41, 44%). A total of 17 studies assessed participants' pain. Pain was primarily measured by using a visual analogue scale (11/41, 27%) or a numerical ranking (6/41, 15%), although 1 study used the HS-related skin pain scale. In total, 5 of the 41 studies (12%) used the Patient/Participant Global Self-Assessment, which measures various parameters, including pain, pruritus, and disease burden. Patients' satisfaction with treatment was assessed in 4 of the 41 studies (10%), and 3 RCTs used the Workers Productivity and Impairment Activity Index-Specific Health Problem (WPAI-SHP). Psychological distress was assessed by 2 of the 41 studies (5%), which incorporated the 9-question Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depressive symptom scale as a PROM, and by 1 study that used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The European Qol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D), which includes a domain for the assessment of anxiety and depression, was used in 1 RCT.
Table 3. Frequency and proportion of quality of life outcome measures.
QoL instrument Frequency of use in studies, n (%)
Dermatology Life Quality Indexa 18 (60)
Pain using a visual analogue scale 12 (37)
Pain using a numeric rating scale 6 (20)
Patient/Participant Global Assessment and evaluation 6 (20)
Patient satisfaction 4 (10)
Workers Productivity and Impairment Activity Index-Specific Health Problema 3 (10)
Self-reported pruritus 2 (7)
Patient Health Questionnaire-9a 2 (7)
European Quality of Life-5 Dimensiona 1 (3)
Hidradenitis suppurativa–related skin pain 1 (3)
Patient\'s overall disease severity and impression (visual analogue scale) 1 (3)
Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medicationa 1 (3)
Number of self-reported hidradenitis suppurativa flares 1 (3)
Soreness (visual analogue scale) 1 (3)
Self-assessment of disease burden 1 (3)
Hidradenitis suppurativa–related impairment of general health using a visual analogue scale 1 (3)
Change in the number of daily dressings per week 1 (3)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scalea 1 (3)
aA validated quality of life outcome instrument.
HS continues to represent a disease management challenge and result in a substantial disease burden for patients [2]. Our review of 41 RCTs (published in English) identified 25 disease severity measurements (Tables 1 and 2) and 18 QoL instrument scales (Table 3). Overall, we identified a diverse assortment of outcome measures, which may indicate a barrier to their synthesis and translation into clinical practice.
With regard to the validity of the outcome measures identified in our review, both the HS-PGA and HiSCR score have been shown to be valid assessments, with HiSCR being the most extensively validated outcome measure in published RCTs. The two most commonly reported disease severity scales in our study—the HiSCR score and the Sartorius Scale and MSS—differ substantially in their approaches and frames of reference; the HiSCR assesses clinical responses from baseline (namely, a reduction in inflammatory lesion count), and the Sartorius Scale and MSS assess the extent of HS inflammation by counting anatomic regions and the types and numbers of lesions.
The HiSCR score was the only validated scoring system that appeared in the studies reviewed (all reviewed articles: 18/41, 44%; articles reporting disease severity as an outcome: 18/38, 47%), making it the most commonly used validated scale in HS research. The HiSCR score is a validated scoring system that is used to evaluate treatment response, and it has been shown to be reliable in both clinical research and daily practice [24]. Although the minimal clinically important difference for HiSCR scores has not been established, a 50% reduction in the total abscess and nodule count appears to be meaningful to both patients and physicians [33].
Although only 5 RCTs used the HS-PGA, it is important to highlight that it is considered to be a relatively easy scoring system that assesses treatment efficacy in clinical research. Similar to the HiSCR score, it is a dynamic outcome instrument that can be used to monitor disease progression [52]. However, compared to the HiSCR score, the HS-PGA has a lower sensitivity for rapidly identifying changes in HS-specific lesions. For instance, some patients with severe HS-specific lesions can experience clinically important improvements without achieving meaningful reductions in their HS-PGA scores [52].
The Sartorius Scale, which is widely used to assess clinical responses to treatment based on the involved anatomical regions and the number and type of lesions involved (nodules, fistulae, and abscesses), the distance between lesions, and whether normal skin exists between lesions, poses a challenge to results interpretation [53]. In addition to being only partially validated, the Sartorius Scale may be quite time consuming to administer and difficult to replicate in a busy outpatient clinic.
The MSS (or HS-LASI) represents a more streamlined version of the original Sartorius Scale; the MSS includes a reduced number of specific types of lesions and a reduced number of points for each parameter [54]. Although it is simpler than the traditional Sartorius Scale, the MSS (or HS-LASI) remains time-consuming and difficult to interpret in the context of assessing coalescing and large lesions. In this review, we identified 2 RCTs that used the HS-LASI scale [22,27], whereas 11 RCTs used a combination of both the MSS and the traditional Sartorius Scale. The overlap in the naming and content of the Sartorius Scale and its variants, such as the MSS and HS-LASI, can hinder meaningful comparisons between studies and thus create challenges in interpreting data and making informed clinical decisions.
In 2016, Ingram et al [8] found that 90% of outcome measures that are used in HS research are not validated; however, the research landscape appears to be changing. We found that RCTs published from 2014 onward were more likely to use the validated HiSCR scale, while older studies used more diverse outcome measures, of which many had low interobserver reliability [55], and were less likely to have used a validated scale. In 2018, the HS ALLIANCE working group highlighted the need to incorporate validated outcome measures and PROMs in HS research [56]. In 2017, the members of the European HS Foundation demonstrated the validity of a novel instrument—the IHS4 [57]. The IHS4 has been shown to be a dynamic instrument for assessing HS severity and is applicable to both clinical research and daily clinical practice [57]. We found a single, recent RCT (published in 2021) that used the IHS4 as an outcome measure [50].
As with instruments of disease severity assessment, patient-reported QoL measures demonstrate significant heterogeneity and are generally nonspecific [57]. Although the majority of articles (30/41, 73%) discussed the impact of HS on patients' lives, the instruments that were used remain inadequate for capturing the overall impact of disease burden on patients. Of all of the QoL instruments identified in this review, the DLQI appeared in 44% (18/41) of RCTs, making it the most commonly used patient-centered instrument in HS research. The DLQI is a validated instrument that is widely used for an array of dermatologic conditions, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, but is not specific to HS.
In addition to QoL instruments, specific outcomes pertaining to pain assessment are needed. Although the visual analogue pain scale has been validated in clinical research, it is not specific to HS. Despite various treatment options, a recent survey study revealed that inadequate pain management is perceived as an unmet need by both patients and health care providers [58]. Given that pain is associated with psychosocial comorbidities [34], it is essential to develop specific core outcome scales that assess pain management and treatment responses.
In contrast to disease severity outcome measures, we identified 6 validated QoL instruments. These include the DLQI, PHQ-9, HADS, EQ-5D, WPAI-SHP, and Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication [59]. However, these are not HS-specific QoL instruments. The emotional, social, and psychological impacts of HS on patients cannot be overstated; while QoL can be measured in various ways, the current QoL instruments that are used in HS research may not adequately capture changes that specifically pertain to the HS population.
In 2018, the first HISTORIC (HS Core Outcomes Set International Collaboration) Delphi study [60] reached a consensus on the following five core domains that are relevant to all types of clinical research: pain, physical signs, HS-specific QoL, global assessment, and the progression of the disease course. HISTORIC Delphi also developed the HS QoL (HiSQOL) scale—an HS-specific QoL instrument [61].
Over the past several years, there has been an increased effort to develop validated, HS-specific QoL outcome instruments, including the aforementioned HiSQOL scale, the HIDRAdisk, and the 44-item HS-QoL questionnaire [61-64]. Promising HS-specific QoL instruments such as these may soon be incorporated in future clinical trial outcome measurements.
Kimball et al [65] introduced the following two specific questionnaires in 2018: the HS Symptom Assessment (HSSA) and the HS Impact Assessment (HSIA). Both the HSSA and HSIA are validated instruments and are considered to be reliable tools for assessing symptoms and the efficacy of HS treatment. We identified no RCTs that used these two instruments for the evaluation of therapeutic interventions for HS.
Ongoing research may soon allow for new technologies to supplement the clinical assessment of HS lesion severity, which relies, in part, on manual palpation–noninvasive imaging techniques such as medial infrared thermography, and may soon aid in the evaluation of disease state and treatment response [66]. The broader adoption of standardized, validated QoL and disease severity measurement tools may allow for the better assessment of the overall impact of disease burden on patients, including the effect of HS on mental health [65], which, in our review, was not well characterized by the limited patient outcome measures reported.
The limitations of this review include that it was restricted to published RCTs and that it excluded other types of publications, such as cohort studies, case control studies and case series, and ongoing or current clinical trials, that may provide further insight. We chose to include RCTs exclusively, as it was a priority to assess evidence of the highest level. It is unclear if other studies with less rigorous methods have similar trends in reporting disease severity and QoL outcome measures—an area that remains open for further follow-up studies. None of the included studies in this review involved pediatric participants; therefore, the trends in outcome measures that we identified may not be applicable to this population group. In addition, this review did not explore the utility of HS interventions and therefore cannot add to the body of knowledge regarding treatment efficacy in HS.
This review highlights the heterogeneity of outcome measures that are used in RCTs to assess disease severity and QoL for patients with HS. Among the 41 English RCTs published from 1964 to 2021, the HiSCR score remained the predominant outcome instrument that was used to assess HS disease severity. The IHS4, which is representative of an expanding number of validated disease severity outcome measures, was used in only 1 RCT among those published from 1964 to 2021. Patient QoL measures remain central to evaluating disease impact and the degree of improvement for patients in clinical studies. PROMs are gaining importance in clinical research and are strongly supported by guidance from both the US Federal Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency. Recently developed instruments with proven validity, such as the HSSA, HSIA, and HiSQOL scale, represent advancements in measuring the QoL outcomes of HS. Our findings underscore the need for standardized outcome measures that are essential for comparability among studies and the improved quality of research evidence.
RPD is a joint coordinating editor for Cochrane Skin, the editor in chief of JMIR Dermatology, a dermatology section editor for UpToDate, a social media editor for the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, and a podcast editor for the Journal of Investigative Dermatology. He is a coordinating editor representative on the Cochrane Council. TES serves on the editorial board of JMIR Dermatology. RPD receives editorial stipends (Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology and Journal of Investigative Dermatology), royalties (UpToDate), and expense reimbursements from Cochrane Skin. TES receives fellowship funding from the Pfizer Global Medical Grant (grant 58858477) Dermatology Fellowship 2020 (principal investigator: RPD) and serves as a medical advisor and principal investigator for Antedotum Inc. CD serves as a reviewer for JMIR, but had no role in the review of this article. He has participated in clinical trials for Pfizer, Arcutis, Target Pharmaceuticals, ArgenX, Amgen, AbbVie, and Kyowa, but none of these trials are related to the topic of this paper, hidradenitis suppurativa. All study related reimbursement were paid directly to the University of Colorado.
Search strategies.
XLSX File (Microsoft Excel File), 21 KB
Study characteristics and evidence levels.
Tchero H, Herlin C, Bekara F, Fluieraru S, Teot L. Hidradenitis suppurativa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of therapeutic interventions. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2019;85(3):248-257 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Marvel J, Vlahiotis A, Sainski-Nguyen A, Willson T, Kimball A. Disease burden and cost of hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective examination of US administrative claims data. BMJ Open 2019 Sep 30;9(9):e030579 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Phan K, Charlton O, Smith SD. Global prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa and geographical variation—systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomedical Dermatology 2020 Jan 04;4(1):1-6. [CrossRef]
Dufour DN, Emtestam L, Jemec GB. Hidradenitis suppurativa: a common and burdensome, yet under-recognised, inflammatory skin disease. Postgrad Med J 2014 Apr;90(1062):216-221; quiz 220 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Misitzis A, Goldust M, Jafferany M, Lotti T. Psychiatric comorbidities in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Dermatol Ther 2020 Jul;33(4):e13541. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Weigelt MA, Milrad SF, Kirby JRS, Lev-Tov H. Psychosocial impact of hidradenitis suppurativa: a practical guide for clinicians. J Dermatolog Treat 2021 Jun 14:1-8. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Bottomley A, Jones D, Claassens L. Patient-reported outcomes: assessment and current perspectives of the guidelines of the Food and Drug Administration and the reflection paper of the European Medicines Agency. Eur J Cancer 2009 Feb;45(3):347-353. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Ingram JR, Hadjieconomou S, Piguet V. Development of core outcome sets in hidradenitis suppurativa: systematic review of outcome measure instruments to inform the process. Br J Dermatol 2016 Aug;175(2):263-272. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: explanation and elaboration. BMJ 2009 Jul 21;339:b2700 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Mortimer PS, Dawber RP, Gales MA, Moore RA. A double-blind controlled cross-over trial of cyproterone acetate in females with hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol 1986 Sep;115(3):263-268. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Miller I, Lynggaard CD, Lophaven S, Zachariae C, Dufour DN, Jemec GBE. A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial of adalimumab in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol 2011 Aug;165(2):391-298. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Lee RA, Dommasch E, Treat J, Sciacca-Kirby J, Chachkin S, Williams J, et al. A prospective clinical trial of open-label etanercept for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009 Apr;60(4):565-573 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Yildiz H, Senol L, Ercan E, Bilgili ME, Abuaf OK. A prospective randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Int J Dermatol 2016 Feb;55(2):232-237. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Kimball AB, Kerdel F, Adams D, Mrowietz U, Gelfand JM, Gniadecki R, et al. Adalimumab for the treatment of moderate to severe Hidradenitis suppurativa: a parallel randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2012 Dec 18;157(12):846-855. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Gottlieb A, Menter A, Armstrong A, Ocampo C, Gu Y, Teixeira HD. Adalimumab treatment in women with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa from the placebo-controlled portion of a phase 2, randomized, double-blind study. J Drugs Dermatol 2016 Oct 01;15(10):1192-1196. [Medline]
Vossen ARJV, van Huijkelom MAPC, Nijsten TEC, Bakker EWP, van der Zee HH, van Doorn MBA, et al. Aggravation of mild axillary hidradenitis suppurativa by microwave ablation: Results of a randomized intrapatient-controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Mar;80(3):777-779. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Pelekanou E, Antonopoulou A, Petropoulou H, Baziaka F, Karagianni V, et al. An open-label phase II study of the safety and efficacy of etanercept for the therapy of hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol 2008 Mar;158(3):567-572. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Vossen ARJV, van Doorn MBA, van der Zee HH, Prens EP. Apremilast for moderate hidradenitis suppurativa: Results of a randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jan;80(1):80-88. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Grimstad Ø, Kvammen B, Swartling C. Botulinum toxin type B for hidradenitis suppurativa: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Am J Clin Dermatol 2020 Oct;21(5):741-748 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Azim AAA, Salem RT, Abdelghani R. Combined fractional carbon dioxide laser and long-pulsed neodymium : yttrium-aluminium-garnet (1064 nm) laser in treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa; a prospective randomized intra-individual controlled study. Int J Dermatol 2018 Sep;57(9):1135-1144. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Wilden S, Friis M, Tuettenberg A, Staubach-Renz P, Wegner J, Grabbe S, et al. Combined treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with intense pulsed light (IPL) and radiofrequency (RF). J Dermatolog Treat 2021 Aug;32(5):530-537. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Xu LY, Wright DR, Mahmoud BH, Ozog DM, Mehregan DA, Hamzavi IH. Histopathologic study of hidradenitis suppurativa following long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser treatment. Arch Dermatol 2011 Jan;147(1):21-28. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Grant A, Gonzalez T, Montgomery MO, Cardenas V, Kerdel FA. Infliximab therapy for patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010 Feb;62(2):205-217. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Fajgenbaum K, Crouse L, Dong L, Zeng D, Sayed C. Intralesional triamcinolone may not be beneficial for treating acute hidradenitis suppurativa lesions: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Dermatol Surg 2020 May;46(5):685-689. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Zouboulis CC, Okun MM, Prens EP, Gniadecki R, Foley PA, Lynde C, et al. Long-term adalimumab efficacy in patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa: 3-year results of a phase 3 open-label extension study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jan;80(1):60-69.e2. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Kanni T, Argyropoulou M, Spyridopoulos T, Pistiki A, Stecher M, Dinarello CA, et al. MABp1 targeting IL-1α for moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa not eligible for adalimumab: A randomized study. J Invest Dermatol 2018 Apr;138(4):795-801 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Tierney E, Mahmoud BH, Hexsel C, Ozog D, Hamzavi I. Randomized control trial for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser. Dermatol Surg 2009 Aug;35(8):1188-1198. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Tzanetakou V, Kanni T, Giatrakou S, Katoulis A, Papadavid E, Netea MG, et al. Safety and efficacy of anakinra in severe hidradenitis suppurativa: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Dermatol 2016 Jan;152(1):52-59. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Buimer MG, Ankersmit MFP, Wobbes T, Klinkenbijl JHG. Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with gentamicin sulfate: a prospective randomized study. Dermatol Surg 2008 Feb;34(2):224-227. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Jemec GB, Wendelboe P. Topical clindamycin versus systemic tetracycline in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998 Dec;39(6):971-974. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Adams DR, Yankura JA, Fogelberg AC, Anderson BE. Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with etanercept injection. Arch Dermatol 2010 May;146(5):501-504. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Highton L, Chan WY, Khwaja N, Laitung JKG. Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with intense pulsed light: a prospective study. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011 Aug;128(2):459-466. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Kimball AB, Okun MM, Williams DA, Gottlieb AB, Papp KA, Zouboulis CC, et al. Two phase 3 trials of adalimumab for hidradenitis suppurativa. N Engl J Med 2016 Aug 04;375(5):422-434. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Scheinfeld N, Sundaram M, Teixeira H, Gu Y, Okun M. Reduction in pain scores and improvement in depressive symptoms in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa treated with adalimumab in a phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Dermatol Online J 2016 Mar 16;22(3):13030/qt38x5922j [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Jemec GBE, Sundaram M, Pinsky B, Shu L, Okun M, Bao Y. Adalimumab improves treatment satisfaction with medication (TS-M) in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in a 12-week randomized controlled trial (PIONEER II). J Am Acad Dermatol 2015 May;72(5):AB39. [CrossRef]
Kimball A, Zouboulis C, Armstrong A, Korman N, Crowley J, Lynde C, et al. Safety and efficacy of adalimumab in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: Results from first 12 weeks of PIONEER I, a phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015 May;72(5):AB60. [CrossRef]
Kimball AB, Sobell JM, Zouboulis CC, Gu Y, Williams DA, Sundaram M, et al. HiSCR (Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response): a novel clinical endpoint to evaluate therapeutic outcomes in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa from the placebo-controlled portion of a phase 2 adalimumab study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016 Jun 22;30(6):989-994 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Kimball A, Prens E, Bechara F. Novel anti-IL17 antibody (CJM112) reduces inflammation of hidradenitis suppurativa patients in a placebo-controlled trial. Experimental Dermatology 2019;28:33.
Kimball AB, Jemec GBE, Brooks DM, Gu Y, Teixeira HD. Progression of hidradenitis suppurativa: Outcomes of placebo-treated patients in a phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (PIONEER II). J Am Acad Dermatol 2016 May;74(5):AB68. [CrossRef]
Armstrong A, Pinsky B, Sundaram M, Gu Y, Williams D, Bao Y. HUMIRA improves health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS): results from the first 12 weeks of PIONEER I. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2014 Sep;134:S34.
Armstrong A, Pinsky B, Sundaram M, Shu L, Okun M, Bao Y. Adalimumab improves health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS): Results from the first 12 weeks of PIONEER II. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015 May;72(5):AB38. [CrossRef]
Gulliver W, Bachelez H, Paek SY, Qureshi A, Geng Z, Mulder G. Concomitant antibiotic use in patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa who were treated with adalimumab or placebo in a phase 3 study (PIONEER II). J Am Acad Dermatol 2017 Jun;76(6):AB81. [CrossRef]
Okun M, Yang M, Sundaram M, Gu Y. Validation of the hidradenitis suppurativa clinical response as a clinical endpoint for hidradenitis suppurativa treatment evaluation. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013 Apr;68(4):AB68. [CrossRef]
Fadel MA, Tawfik AA. New topical photodynamic therapy for treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa using methylene blue niosomal gel: a single-blind, randomized, comparative study. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015 Mar;40(2):116-122. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Mrowietz U, Williams D, Sundaram M, Wang Y. Adalimumab improves health-related quality of life and work productivity in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: Results from a placebo-controlled phase II trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012 Apr;66(4):AB42. [CrossRef]
Giamarellos-Bourboulis E, Henneberg J, Otto I. IFX-1 in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS): Baseline characteristics of a double-blind, randomized phase 2B dose-finding study (SHINE). Experimental Dermatology 2019;28:25-26.
Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Sobell J, Ryan C, Wolkenstein PJ, Geng Z, Mulder GD. Infection-free clinical response among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa who were treated with adalimumab: Results from two phase 3 studies. Wounds 2017 Nov;29(11):E98-E102 [FREE Full text] [Medline]
Andersen PL, Riis PT, Thorlacius L, Sigsgaard V, Nielsen CW, Chafranska L, et al. [Intense pulsed light treatment for hidradenitis suppurativa: a within-person randomized controlled trial]. Eur J Dermatol 2020 Dec 01;30(6):723-729. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Schultheis M, Staubach P, Nikolakis G, Grabbe S, Ruckes C, von Stebut E, et al. LAight® therapy significantly enhances treatment efficacy of 16 weeks of topical clindamycin solution in Hurley I and II hidradenitis suppurativa: Results from period A of RELIEVE, a multicenter randomized, controlled trial. Dermatology 2021 Sep 14:1-11. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Burns PB, Rohrich RJ, Chung KC. The levels of evidence and their role in evidence-based medicine. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011 Jul;128(1):305-310 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Marzano AV, Chiricozzi A, Giovanardi G, Argenziano G, Bettoli V, Bianchi L, et al. Creation of a severity index for hidradenitis suppurativa that includes a validated quality-of-life measure: the HIDRAscore. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020 Aug;34(8):1815-1821 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Sartorius K, Lapins J, Emtestam L, Jemec GBE. Suggestions for uniform outcome variables when reporting treatment effects in hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol 2003 Jul;149(1):211-213. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Sartorius K, Emtestam L, Jemec GBE, Lapins J. Objective scoring of hidradenitis suppurativa reflecting the role of tobacco smoking and obesity. Br J Dermatol 2009 Oct;161(4):831-839. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Sartorius K, Killasli H, Heilborn J, Jemec GBE, Lapins J, Emtestam L. Interobserver variability of clinical scores in hidradenitis suppurativa is low. Br J Dermatol 2010 Jun;162(6):1261-1268. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Zouboulis CC, Bechara FG, Dickinson-Blok JL, Gulliver W, Horváth B, Hughes R, et al. Hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa: a practical framework for treatment optimization - systematic review and recommendations from the HS ALLIANCE working group. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Jan;33(1):19-31 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Zouboulis CC, Tzellos T, Kyrgidis A, Jemec GBE, Bechara FG, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation Investigator Group. Development and validation of the International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (IHS4), a novel dynamic scoring system to assess HS severity. Br J Dermatol 2017 Nov;177(5):1401-1409. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Willems D, Hiligsmann M, van der Zee HH, Sayed CJ, Evers SMAA. Identifying unmet care needs and important treatment attributes in the management of hidradenitis suppurativa: A qualitative interview study. Patient 2021 Aug 09:1-12 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Vellaichamy G, Braunberger TL, Jones JL, Peacock A, Nahhas AF, Hamzavi IH. Patient-reported outcomes in hidradenitis suppurativa. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2019 Apr;154(2):137-147 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Thorlacius L, Ingram JR, Villumsen B, Esmann S, Kirby JS, Gottlieb AB, HIdradenitis SuppuraTiva cORe outcomes set International Collaboration (HISTORIC). A core domain set for hidradenitis suppurativa trial outcomes: an international Delphi process. Br J Dermatol 2018 Sep;179(3):642-650 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Zouboulis CC, Chernyshov PV. Hidradenitis suppurativa-specific, patient-reported outcome measures. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021 Jul;35(7):1420-1421. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Peris K, Lo Schiavo A, Fabbrocini G, Dini V, Patrizi A, Fusano M, et al. HIDRAdisk: validation of an innovative visual tool to assess the burden of hidradenitis suppurativa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Apr;33(4):766-773 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
Thorlacius L, Esmann S, Miller I, Vinding G, Jemec GBE. Development of HiSQOL: A Hidradenitis Suppurativa-Specific Quality of Life Instrument. Skin Appendage Disord 2019 Jun;5(4):221-229 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline]
McLellan C, Sisic M, Oon HH, Tan J. Preliminary validation of the HS-QoL: A quality-of-life measure for hidradenitis suppurativa. J Cutan Med Surg 2018;22(2):142-146. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Kimball AB, Sundaram M, Banderas B, Foley C, Shields AL. Development and initial psychometric evaluation of patient-reported outcome questionnaires to evaluate the symptoms and impact of hidradenitis suppurativa. J Dermatolog Treat 2018 Mar;29(2):152-164. [CrossRef] [Medline]
Elkin K, Daveluy S, Avanaki K. Review of imaging technologies used in hidradenitis suppurativa. Skin Res Technol 2020 Jan;26(1):3-10. [CrossRef] [Medline]
DLQI: Dermatology Life Quality Index
EQ-5D: European Quality of Life-5 Dimension
HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
HiSCR: Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response
HiSQOL: Hidradenitis Suppurativa Quality Of Life
HISTORIC: Hidradenitis Suppurativa Core Outcomes Set International Collaboration
HS: hidradenitis suppurativa
HSIA: Hidradenitis Suppurativa Impact Assessment
HS-LASI: Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesion, Area, Severity Index
HSSA: Hidradenitis Suppurativa Symptom Assessment
IHS4: International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Scoring System
MSS: Modified Sartorius Scale
PGA: Physician Global Assessment
PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9
PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
PROM: patient-reported outcome measure
QoL: quality of life
RCT: randomized controlled trial
WPAI-SHP: Workers Productivity and Impairment Activity Index-Specific Health Problem
Edited by G Eysenbach; submitted 10.02.21; peer-reviewed by J Solomon, F Gomez; comments to author 06.04.21; revised version received 04.05.21; accepted 06.09.21; published 01.10.21
©Jalal Maghfour, Torunn Elise Sivesind, Robert Paul Dellavalle, Cory Dunnick. Originally published in JMIR Dermatology (http://derma.jmir.org), 01.10.2021.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Dermatology Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://derma.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
Maghfour J, Sivesind TE, Dellavalle RP, Dunnick C
doi: 10.2196/27869
JMIR Dermatology ISSN 2562-0959


We have a sort-of love-hate relationship with our pellet stove. My wife leans more toward the latter, while I see the benefits outweighing the negatives. In this column I'll outline the primary advantages and disadvantages of pellet heating.
2018/05/18· The long-burning pellet boilers of the Marten Comfort MC series with a power from 12 to 80 kW are designed for heating a room from 100 to 800 sq. M. meters.
KWB pellet heating systems are modern and efficient central heating systems that mainly run on climate-neutral wood-pellets. The work fully automatically. KWB heating systems come with different varieties of filling chambers.
Please use the form below to request a quote or ask for more information about our products. We are also open to fielding inquiries about sustainable heating solutions and biomass conversion to suit your needs.


text:
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities
Snippet group
Common use of Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities Clause in Contracts
Related Clauses
Grantor Trust Administration
Sale of Trust Shares
Situs of Trust
The Trust Agreement
Sale of Trust Assets
Investment of Trust Assets
Tax Treatment of the Notes
Imposition of Tax on the Trust REMICs
Trust Securities
Federal Income Tax Treatment of the Trust
Remove Advertising
Parent Clauses
Dissolution Upon Expiration Date
Defined Terms
Reports to and from the Property Trustee
Reports to the Property Trustee
Initial Contribution of Trust Property; Fees, Costs and Expenses
Depositor Obligations to Purchaser
Property Trustee's Obligations to Purchaser
Sub-Clauses
Delaware Trustee
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.
Appears in 112 contracts
Samples: Trust Agreement (Bresler & Reiner Inc), Trust Agreement (Capitalsource Inc), Trust Agreement (Monarch Financial Holdings, Inc.)
Appears in 49 contracts
Samples: Trust Agreement (Lakeland Bancorp Inc), Trust Agreement (Texas Capital Bancshares Inc/Tx), Trust Agreement (First Citizens Bancshares Inc /De/)
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the partiesparties set forth in this Section 10.2.
Samples: Trust Agreement (Istar Financial Inc), Trust Agreement (Homebanc Corp), Trust Agreement (Hersha Hospitality Trust)
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, therein the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement Declaration shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.
Appears in 9 contracts
Samples: Expenses and Liabilities (Regions Financing Trust Ii), Expenses and Liabilities (Regions Financial Corp), Agreement (Regions Financing Trust Ii)
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree agree, unless otherwise required by law, to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.
Samples: Trust Agreement (Crystal River Capital, Inc.), Trust Agreement (Capital Trust Inc), Trust Agreement (Redwood Trust Inc)
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposespurposes as a grantor trust and not as a partnership or as an association taxable as a corporation, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.
Samples: Trust Agreement (National City Corp), Trust Agreement (National City Corp), Trust Agreement (National City Corp)
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, therein the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.
Samples: Trust Agreement (Bnccorp Inc), Trust Agreement (Vib Corp), Trust Agreement (MRM Capital Trust Iii)
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposespurposes unless otherwise required by law. The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.
Samples: Trust Agreement (Great Wolf Resorts, Inc.), Trust Agreement (North State Bancorp), Trust Agreement (Great Wolf Resorts, Inc.)
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties. SECTION 10.3.
Samples: Trust Agreement (Simmons First National Corp), Trust Agreement (Simmons First National Corp), Trust Agreement (Simmons First National Corp)
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, therein the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree (i) to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and (ii) to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federalfederal income tax purposes, state and local tax purposes and (iii) to treat the Notes Debentures as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement Declaration shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.
Samples: Expenses and Liabilities (Regions Financing Trust Iii), Expenses and Liabilities (Regions Financing Trust Iii), First Niagara Financial Group Inc
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree (w) to treat the Trust as a grantor trust Grantor Trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and (x) to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and purposes, (y) to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The , and (z) the provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this the intention and agreement of the partiesparties set forth in this Section 10.2.
Appears in 1 contract
Samples: Trust Agreement (Hanover Capital Mortgage Holdings Inc)
Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property and not as equity in the Trust (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes purposes, and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties.
Samples: Trust Agreement (New Century Financial Corp)
Individual/Team Access
Education/Government
Enterprise/
Basic Access
Law Insider API
About/Reviews
Free Legal Dictionary App
Most comprehensive library of legal defined terms on your mobile device
Help Ukraine 🇺🇦
All contents of the lawinsider.com excluding publicly sourced documents are Copyright © 2013-2023 Law Insider Inc. All rights reserved. View our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy.


Bare and anodically oxidized Ni(110) surfaces in 0.05 kmol m−3 Na2SO4 (pH = 6.5) and 0.01 kmol m−3 NaOH (pH = 12) aqueous solution have been investigated by in-situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM) with atomic resolution. We have succeeded in in-situ observation of unreconstructed Ni(110)-(1×1) structures in both 0.05 kmol m−3 Na2SO4 and 0.01 kmol m−3 NaOH solution. Under passive region, we have observed well-ordered structures differing from those of the bare surfaces and we found that surface structure of anodically oxidized Ni(110) in 0.05 kmol m−3 Na2SO4 solution agrees with NiO(110), whereas that in 0.01 kmol m−3 NaOH solution agrees with β-Ni(OH)2 (0001). These EC-AFM observations reveal the following orientation relationship of the surface structures on the anodic oxide layers and the substrates: NiO(110)  || Ni(110)  and NiO(110) [1\\bar10] || Ni(110) [1\\bar10] in neutral solution, and β-Ni(OH)2(0001) [11\\bar20] || Ni(110)  and β-Ni(OH)2(0001) [1\\bar100] || Ni(110) [1\\bar10] in alkaline solution.


text:
"Collecting and arranging...a history of the Globe": a reconsideration of the Salem East India Marine Society and Antebellum American Museology
Schwartz, George Harris
The Salem East India Marine Society Museum was one of the most influential collecting institutions in the antebellum United States. From 1799 to 1867, it was considered a model organization in the Union, and visitors were a reflection of American society. Though it continues today as the Peabody Essex Museum, which garners increasing national and international attention, the Society's museum is surprisingly unrecognized, understudied, or missing from contemporary scholarship. This dissertation is the first comprehensive work on the East India Marine Society Museum since 1949. To date, no scholar has made more than a cursory examination of the Society's substantial institutional archive and few individuals have recognized the significance of this museum to antebellum American culture. By applying critical museological, historical, art historical, and material culture analysis, this study will demonstrate how the Society used objects collected via international exchange to support an American identity tied to the sea. Visitors to the museum, therefore, could circumnavigate the globe, gaining both an understanding of the world and their place within it. Chapter 1 traces the East India Marine Society's history while contextualizing their museum within the landscape of American collecting institutions in the first half of the nineteenth century. Chapter 2 provides an understanding of the origins and evolution of maritime charitable societies and the influence of the Society's benevolent mission on the institution as a whole. Chapter 3 explores the Society's scientific accomplishments and its effect on the collection and display of curiosities. Chapter 4 takes an in-depth look at the men who built and maintained the Society in the nineteenth century and the development of the museum's collection through global trade. Chapter 5 examines the Society's exhibition strategy and the impact of outside consultants on the organization and display of objects. Chapter 6 focuses on nineteenth-century visitor accounts of the museum. This study concludes by illustrating how the Society and its mission remained visible through the museum's various incarnations to date, demonstrating that it was not simply a Salem institution but rather a symbol of the antebellum United States.
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International


LAFAYETTE, Ind. - Investigators are trying to figure out what led up to an elementary art teacher's death.
Officers say 52-year-old Kristi Redmon was found dead outside her home.
Wednesday evening, just before 8:30, Lafayette Police were called to Ridgeway Avenue for reports of gunfire.
"We heard four gunshots and of course, (it) scared us because we aren't used to that in this neighborhood at all," explained Brian Jenkinson, a neighbor.
Jenkinson told FOX 59 he called 911 and then tried to help Redmon, but it was too late.
"As I walked down the street I saw the lady lying on her porch, Kristi. It was pretty devastating," Jenkinson said.
Thursday evening, Redmon's home was still surrounded with crime tape and investigators returned with metal detectors. Detectives spent hours digging in Redmon's front yard.
"(It) makes you kind of wonder when something like that because I came right out and it could've been a guy coming this way, or whatever you know," explains Jenkinson, a neighbor.
For the past twenty years, Redmon had been an art teacher within the Lafayette School corporation.
"She's just super nice and we miss her," said Haley, one of Ms. Redmon's students.
Haley and her 5-year-old stepsister, Izzy had art class with Ms. Redmon at Edgelea Elementary. The girls and the rest of Ms. Redmon's students were told their teacher had passed away.
"A lot of our kids loved her and were with art team with her, they were just crying and bawling," Haley said.
Grief counselors were at Edgelea and Miami Elementary and will be available for students for the next couple days.
At last check, no arrests have been made.


text:
About LPI
Cotton Patch Gospel
Choosing Cotton Patch Gospel for the 11th annual summer show, nobody can accuse Lakeshore Productions, Inc., of staying in a rut, never trying something new and different.
Cotton Patch Gospel tells the story of Jesus with a contemporary Southern twist. So Mary becomes Mary Hagler from Clayton, Ga., and Joseph becomes Joe Davidson, and Nazareth becomes Gainsville, Ga. "a helluva place to be heaven-sent," according to the show's opening number.
The music and lyrics for this show were written by Harry Chapin (1942-81), better known for hit songs such as "Cat's in the Cradle." Playwright Tom Key based the show on the book "The Cotton Patch Version of Matthew and John" by Rev. Clarence Jordan, a Southern Baptist minister.
There was a cast of 45, including Collin Wallace in the lead role of Jesus, with Duncan Doherty as Matthew the storyteller. Kate Vander Velden portrayed John the Baptist, while Laura Feider was Peter the Rock. Lamar Nohl was cast as the evil Herod, and Satan was portrayed by Brittany Arndt. Nearly every cast member had a line somewhere in the show.
Cotton Patch Gospel was directed by Graham Killeen, while Stefan Petrov was the music director and Hilary Falk the costume designer. A bluegrass band was assembled as the pit orchestra.
It's true that Cotton Patch Gospel had some shock value with audiences. "I wanted a Christ who could come back and have a cup of coffee and a piece of pecan pie," said playwright Key in an interview. "I wanted to go all the way with Jesus being both human and divine."
The Lakeshore Productions, Inc. Board learned that any show involving religion, like the Bible itself, may include its moments of heaven and hell.
© 2020 Lakeshore Productions, Inc.


text:
Higüey, és un municipi i capital de la província oriental de La Altagracia de la República Dominicana, Vuitena ciutat més gran del pais,. el riu Yuma flueix a través dels nuclis urbans de Higüey. Higüey és també el nom d'un anterior cacic de l'extrem més oriental de Hispaniola quan Cristòfor Colom va arribar. El 2006, mes de 150,000 persones vivien a Higüey. Els monuments més importants en la ciutat són la Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Altagracia i l'Església de (Dionís de París), del .

Referències

Municipis de la República Dominicana

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
La caméra Cinex est un petit appareil  portable créé en 1922 par un mécanicien, Alphonse Bourdereau, qui remporta un franc succès à cause de son poids ( à manivelle,  avec moteur électrique) et de sa portabilité exceptionnelle en l'équipant d'un guidon, qui fait de cet instrument un précurseur des caméras modernes.

Description
Le Cinex de 1922 a la forme traditionnelle des caméras de l'époque : un parallélépipède rectangle de  seulement de haut, et  de large, avec une épaisseur de . Le boîtier est en fonte d'aluminium. Son poids très léger ne l'empêche pas d'avoir un volant de régulation de rotation du mécanisme. Équipé d'une Griffe double sans contre-griffes, son obturateur est réglable. La visée est effectuée par un simple viseur sport. Un tube optique permet également la mise au point en place du film. Il peut être amélioré par l'apport d'un moteur électrique à la place de la manivelle, et par l'adjonction d'un magasin coplanaire à galette de 40 ou  de pellicule  débitée à la cadence de  par seconde ().

Références

Articles connexes
 Caméra argentique

Articles externes
 http://cinematographes.free.fr/bourdereau-cinex.html

Matériel de cinéma
Caméra
Caméra argentique
Caméra 35 mm
Mécanisme de caméra
Technique cinématographique
Fabricant de caméras


Recently news stories reported that there is arsenic in rice. This is important to know because in large parts of the world rice is one of the main food staples. But rice has also become an important side step from wheat for those who are gluten sensitive. Rice is one of the main ingredients in gluten free diets.
Naturally high levels of arsenic in soil can be a source of high levels of arsenic in rice, although these cases are the minority. By and large high arsenic in rice comes from inadvertent, but deliberate human poisoning. As explained in the Consumers Report high arsenic values were found in rice grown in these states: Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, and Texas. These are the same states, where cotton was grown in the past. The U.S. has been the world's leading user of arsenic.
Since 1910 about 1.6 million tons have been in use for agricultural/industrial purposes. Half of this occurred since the mid-1960s. Although arsenic is banned as an insecticide since the 1980's, residues from the decades of use still linger on in agricultural soil today. Cotton production occurred in the south-central region of the US for a long time. This is a crop where heavy treatment with arsenical pesticides was used for decades in an attempt to combat the boll weevil beetle.
Arsenic containing insecticides are also used in the fruit growing industry. This explains the presence of arsenic in grape juice and apple juice.
Another source are arsenic compounds in chicken feed that is used to promote growth. As a result arsenic can then be found in chicken meat. For this reason alone it is recommendable to eat organic chicken that is free of arsenic.
Keep in mind that brown rice has persistently tested higher in arsenic than white rice.
As drastic as it may sound, your safest approach is to avoid all cereals. This keeps you away from the various forms of gluten proteins that are present in all cereals, even in corn and oats. You can fill your plate safely with organic vegetables like broccoli, bell peppers, asparagus, cauliflower and many others. You also can eat all lettuce varieties including spinach, arugula, Romaine lettuce, head lettuce, super greens and more.
Many people have an addiction to grains and grain products, but they can do more harm than good. Wheat has the highest concentration of gliadin, but rye has its own gliadin protein, so does barley. It is much safer on the long term to stay away from them all. Not everybody will agree with me on that, but as far as I am concerned I can live this way quite well. High endurance athletes who seem to need more carbs for fuel, could have sweet potatoes for example instead of grains and do well on that.
Now that we know that brown rice has more arsenic in it than white rice, and that Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, and Texas have high arsenic because of residual arsenic in their soils, it is relatively easy to choose the right rice, if you decide to consume it. This report explains what are safe rice alternatives and what rice is the safest.
Basmati rice from California is the lowest in arsenic. Quinoa and millet are rice alternatives that are low in arsenic. Low-arsenic buckwheat is not related to wheat and is gluten free.
In this context it is interesting to note that you cannot trust even organic rice with regard to arsenic toxicity. The last link notes that the rice grains accumulate arsenic from the soil. All of the other organic culturing methods are not enough to protect the crop from arsenic accumulation, if there is contamination of the soil or the water.
If you are serious about eliminating arsenic from your food, you may want to consider avoiding grains altogether.
What are signs of toxicity from arsenic in rice?
Arsenic toxicity can be acute or chronic. Most of today's arsenic toxicity is chronic. Arsenic accumulates slowly from foods we consume. Arsenic contaminated occurs in regular chicken that was fed arsenic compounds for growth. Another source for arsenic are rice, non-organic grape juice and apple juice. Chronic exposure to arsenic can cause lung and bladder cancer. This is what studies in Argentina and Chile found where in some areas drinking water has naturally high arsenic levels.
A fast heart beat, low blood pressure and shock can be symptoms of arsenic poisoning. The person with arsenic poisoning may have a changed mental status and seizures can occur. A person may present with delirium with irrational thoughts and behaviors. The patient may present with a cholera-like clinical picture with vomiting and severe diarrhea leading to marked dehydration. Liver and kidney damage can occur. The finger nails show white lines across, called Mees lines.
A study of 3633 individuals showed that those who ate 1 helping of rice per day had a urinary arsenic level that was 44 percent greater than those who did not consume rice. People eating two or more rice products had 70% higher arsenic urine levels that those who ate no rice. It is clear from that study that avoidance of rice is a powerful tool treating chronic arsenic poisoning. With respect to drinking apple or grape juice the total urinary arsenic levels were nearly 20 percent higher than those who did not consume apple or grape juice.
There are natural substances that are good chelators. Researchers tested them found them and found them good to eliminate arsenic from the body.
Here are natural chelators: milk thistle seed extract, dandelion leaf extract, garlic bulb (allium sativum), cilantro leaf extract, L-glutathione, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine.
Intravenous chelation using EDTA is the gold standard that is in use to get rid of heavy metals including arsenic and lead. Dr. Cranton noted in his book on chelation therapy that arsenic occurs in the urine within 5 hours of intravenous EDTA chelation (Ref. 1).
Other supportive steps are to check your drinking water for high arsenic and lead levels, particularly if you are on a well. Change the way you cook rice, if you want to continue to eat rice. Rinse the rice with 6 times the amount of water and discard the water. This will lower the arsenic content of the rice by about 30% while you deplete the rice only marginally of vitamin and mineral contents.
Avoid drinking non-organic grape juice and apple juice. This eliminates a significant amount of arsenic from your diet.
If you eat more than two or three helpings of rice per week, consider replacing some rice portions by arsenic-free grains. For those on a gluten-free diet quinoa, millet, and amaranth are good replacement options.
It is sad to notice that the food industry is inadvertently trying to poison us with arsenic. I am sure this is not happen deliberately. But it is necessary for us to defend ourselves and think about the food we are eating. Is it safe? Are we taking the right steps to minimize exposure to arsenic? I have covered this from various angles, avoidance of high arsenic food items, chelating out accumulated arsenic, and preventing further exposure to arsenic. I hope this has been helpful and has shown you what you can do in your particular case.
Ref.1: Special Issue of Advancement in Medicine "A Textbook on EDTA Chelation Therapy", edited by Elmer M. Cranton, Spring/Summer 1989. Human Sciences Press Inc. NY, USA.


text:
Home CARIBBEAN NEWS Barbados Discontinues All Travel-Related COVID-19 Protocols
LATEST CARIBBEAN NEWS
Barbados Discontinues All Travel-Related COVID-19 Protocols
(CMC) – The Barbados government said it is discontinuing all coronavirus (COVID-19) related travel protocols for entering the island, approving also a number of fundamental changes to the COVID-19 directives that have governed the management of the pandemic since early 2021.
Acting Prime Minister Santia Bradshaw said that the measures go into effect Friday.
"Conscious of the direction in which the rest of the world is going, effective Friday, we will also discontinue all COVID-19-related travel protocols for Barbados. This means that we will be joining 95 per cent of the countries in the Western Hemisphere (that) preceded Barbados in going in that direction. There will therefore be no testing requirements for entering Barbados whether you are vaccinated or unvaccinated," she said.
Bradshaw added that the wearing of masks generally will now be optional. However, mask-wearing remains mandatory for persons in nursing homes, private hospitals and senior citizens' homes; persons in healthcare institutions including staff, visitors, clients and patients.
"All institutions where medical and dental services are provided. Persons in prison, including staff, prisoners and visitors. Staff and students at all educational institutions. All nurseries and daycare facilities for both children and adults and of course persons who have COVID-19 as well as persons who are travelling on public transportation," she said.
The latest figures released by the authoritie show that the number of people in isolation facilities is 33, while 298 are in home isolation. As of September 21, there were 559 COVID-19-related deaths.
Since February 2020, Barbados has recorded 102,366 COVID-19 cases.
The data also showed that under the National Vaccination Programme for COVID-19, the total number of persons with at least one dose is 163,611 or 71.6 per cent of the eligible population.
Previous articleTwo Injured, Thousands Lose Power As Fiona Batters Bermuda
Next articleAt Least 4 Killed, 10 Wounded After Blast Near Kabul Mosque


Timeout Guide: Sydney's Best Café 2018. We could leave it there but this café, down a quaint laneway, just a few minutes walk from Darling Harbour deserves a lot more attention. The menu is sublime, the design and layout elegant, food and coffee sensational. It's a Japanese Nordic fusion, elemental with an ode to countryside Japan for the foundations.
Coffee here, roasted at CRS is some of the lightest in Sydney allowing for full flavour potential without being under developed. There's always an expansive range on offer and everything is on single origin meaning no blends with fillers.
The original site now closed but they've brought with them the same concept of accessible fine dining for all the customers who venture through. Words won't do justice once viewed.


The Live chat program itself is much more involved than your normal customer. You'll be able to see every one of those visitors that are on your site at any given time, as well as their own IP address, their own referral source, their regional time, working system and much more. Though some of this information will be much more valuable than the remainder, it will help to keep you (or your designated chat operators) as educated on your customers as possible if they are needing any help. They provide 10 days free trial, no credit card needed.
Once you set up an account, You're attracted to a website which seems a little old fashioned. It seems like it is full of advertisements, but it's just a site edition of ProvideSupport. If you wont let this disturb you too much, you may read the upcoming steps which you ought to take, such as customizing your chat messenger window, then add chat buttons to your emails, create a set of predefined answers and many more.
In Provide Support you can Personalize your operator's console along with your own greeting message and company's logo. You can also put in your operator's picture so the chat looks more personal. The live chat button on the website can be chosen from an present gallery, or you may upload your own image. The chat messenger could be customized with colour schemes and styles that fit your website's most important theme.
Provide Support provides She capability to transfer ongoing discussions involving representatives. Another representative can follow the case and answer within minutes. It is helpful when an agent doesn't have the knowledge to solve the case. Due to moving talks there's no delay, which increases customer satisfaction.
I am not an avid fan of The appearance of Provide Support port. I overlook the personalization when it comes to the whole site. The image on the home page is a Stock picture which gives you the impression that everything there does not have any personality too. The video tutorial I watched felt automatic, like it wasn't the real person talking.
With ProvideSupport you Can provide personalized support. A geographical presentation of real-time visitor info gives you an insight into what customers are looking for. You've got tons of customization options that you may use in your conversation.
If you're not bothered by A tiny old look of the application, you might discover there what you need to provide customer support to your customers.
Live Chat From Provide Support could be attempted with no cost for 30 days. All features (outside of additional operators) could be accessed with this absolutely free time trial interval. Provide Support will not continually harass you if you do not take advantage of the supply, either, and charging going forward is very straightforward.