text:
Malicious Domain in SolarWinds Hack Turned into 'Killswitch'
A key malicious domain name used to control potentially thousands of computer systems compromised via the months-long breach at network monitoring software vendor SolarWinds was commandeered by security experts and used as a "killswitch" designed to turn the sprawling cybercrime operation against itself, KrebsOnSecurity has learned.
Austin, Texas-based SolarWinds disclosed this week that a compromise of its software update servers earlier this year may have resulted in malicious code being pushed to nearly 18,000 customers of its Orion platform. Many U.S. federal agencies and Fortune 500 firms use(d) Orion to monitor the health of their IT networks.
On Dec. 13, cyber incident response firm FireEye published a detailed writeup on the malware infrastructure used in the SolarWinds compromise, presenting evidence that the Orion software was first compromised back in March 2020. FireEye said hacked networks were seen communicating with a malicious domain name — avsvmcloud[.]com — one of several domains the attackers had set up to control affected systems.
As first reported here on Tuesday, there were signs over the past few days that control over the domain had been transferred to Microsoft. Asked about the changeover, Microsoft referred questions to FireEye and to GoDaddy, the current domain name registrar for the malicious site.
Today, FireEye responded that the domain seizure was part of a collaborative effort to prevent networks that may have been affected by the compromised SolarWinds software update from communicating with the attackers. What's more, the company said the domain was reconfigured to act as a "killswitch" that would prevent the malware from continuing to operate in some circumstances.
"SUNBURST is the malware that was distributed through SolarWinds software," FireEye said in a statement shared with KrebsOnSecurity. "As part of FireEye's analysis of SUNBURST, we identified a killswitch that would prevent SUNBURST from continuing to operate."
The statement continues:
"Depending on the IP address returned when the malware resolves avsvmcloud[.]com, under certain conditions, the malware would terminate itself and prevent further execution. FireEye collaborated with GoDaddy and Microsoft to deactivate SUNBURST infections."
"This killswitch will affect new and previous SUNBURST infections by disabling SUNBURST deployments that are still beaconing to avsvmcloud[.]com. However, in the intrusions FireEye has seen, this actor moved quickly to establish additional persistent mechanisms to access to victim networks beyond the SUNBURST backdoor.
This killswitch will not remove the actor from victim networks where they have established other backdoors. However, it will make it more difficult to for the actor to leverage the previously distributed versions of SUNBURST."
It is likely that given their visibility into and control over the malicious domain, Microsoft, FireEye, GoDaddy and others now have a decent idea which companies may still be struggling with SUNBURST infections.
The killswitch revelations came as security researchers said they'd made progress in decoding SUNBURST's obfuscated communications methods. Chinese cybersecurity firm RedDrip Team published their findings on Github, saying its decoder tool had identified nearly a hundred suspected victims of the SolarWinds/Orion breach, including universities, governments and high tech companies.
Meanwhile, the potential legal fallout for SolarWinds in the wake of this breach continues to worsen. The Washington Post reported Tuesday that top investors in SolarWinds sold millions of dollars in stock in the days before the intrusion was revealed. SolarWinds's stock price has fallen more than 20 percent in the past few days. The Post cited former enforcement officials at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) saying the sales were likely to prompt an insider trading investigation.
Filed Under: Data Breaches, FireEye, GoDaddy, IT Security, Microsoft, Orion, RedDrip Team, SolarWinds breach, SUNBURST
SolarWinds Hack Could Affect 18K Customers
December 15, 2020 By ITSecurity.Org Ltd
The still-unfolding breach at network management software firm SolarWinds may have resulted in malicious code being pushed to nearly 18,000 customers, the company said in a legal filing on Monday. Meanwhile, Microsoft should soon have some idea which and how many SolarWinds customers were affected, as it recently took possession of a key domain name used by the intruders to control infected systems.
On Dec. 13, SolarWinds acknowledged that hackers had inserted malware into a service that provided software updates for its Orion platform, a suite of products broadly used across the U.S. federal government and Fortune 500 firms to monitor the health of their IT networks.
In a Dec. 14 filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), SolarWinds said roughly 33,000 of its more than 300,000 customers were Orion customers, and that fewer than 18,000 customers may have had an installation of the Orion product that contained the malicious code. SolarWinds said the intrusion also compromised its Microsoft Office 365 accounts.
The initial breach disclosure from SolarWinds came five days after cybersecurity incident response firm FireEye announced it had suffered an intrusion that resulted in the theft of some 300 proprietary software tools the company provides to clients to help secure their IT operations.
On Dec. 13, FireEye published a detailed writeup on the malware infrastructure used in the SolarWinds compromise, presenting evidence that the Orion software was first compromised back in March 2020. FireEye didn't explicitly say its own intrusion was the result of the SolarWinds hack, but the company confirmed as much to KrebsOnSecurity earlier today.
Also on Dec. 13, news broke that the SolarWinds hack resulted in attackers reading the email communications at the U.S. Treasury and Commerce departments.
On Dec. 14, Reuters reported the SolarWinds intrusion also had been used to infiltrate computer networks at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). That disclosure came less than 24 hours after DHS's Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) took the unusual step of issuing an emergency directive ordering all federal agencies to immediately disconnect the affected Orion products from their networks.
Security experts have been speculating as to the extent of the damage from the SolarWinds hack, combing through details in the FireEye analysis and elsewhere for clues about how many other organizations may have been hit.
And it seems that Microsoft may now be in perhaps the best position to take stock of the carnage. That's because sometime on Dec. 14, the software giant took control over a key domain name — avsvmcloud[.]com — that was used by the SolarWinds hackers to communicate with systems compromised by the backdoored Orion product updates.
Armed with that access, Microsoft should be able to tell which organizations have IT systems that are still trying to ping the malicious domain. However, because many Internet service providers and affected companies are already blocking systems from accessing that malicious control domain or have disconnected the vulnerable Orion services, Microsoft's visibility may be somewhat limited.
Microsoft has a long history of working with federal investigators and the U.S. courts to seize control over domains involved in global malware menaces, particularly when those sites are being used primarily to attack Microsoft Windows customers.
Microsoft dodged direct questions about its visibility into the malware control domain, suggesting those queries would be better put to FireEye or GoDaddy (the current domain registrar for the malware control server). But in a response on Twitter, Microsoft spokesperson Jeff Jones seemed to confirm that control of the malicious domain had changed hands.
"We worked closely with FireEye, Microsoft and others to help keep the internet safe and secure," GoDaddy said in a written statement. "Due to an ongoing investigation and our customer privacy policy, we can't comment further at this time."
FireEye declined to answer questions about exactly when it learned of its own intrusion via the Orion compromise, or approximately when attackers first started offloading sensitive tools from FireEye's network. But the question is an interesting one because its answer may speak to the motivations and priorities of the hackers.
Based on the timeline known so far, the perpetrators of this elaborate hack would have had a fairly good idea back in March which of SolarWinds' 18,000 Orion customers were worth targeting, and perhaps even in what order.
Alan Paller, director of research for the SANS Institute, a security education and training company based in Maryland, said the attackers likely chose to prioritize their targets based on some calculation of risk versus reward.
Paller said the bad guys probably sought to balance the perceived strategic value of compromising each target with the relative likelihood that exploiting them might result in the entire operation being found out and dismantled.
"The way this probably played out is the guy running the cybercrime team asked his people to build a spreadsheet where they ranked targets by the value of what they could get from each victim," Paller said. "And then next to that they likely put a score for how good the malware hunters are at the targets, and said let's first go after the highest priority ones that have a hunter score of less than a certain amount."
The breach at SolarWinds could well turn into an existential event for the company, depending on how customers react and how SolarWinds is able to weather the lawsuits that will almost certainly ensue.
"The lawsuits are coming, and I hope they have a good general counsel," said James Lewis, senior vice president at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. "Now that the government is telling people to turn off [the SolarWinds] software, the question is will anyone turn it back on?"
According to its SEC filing, total revenue from the Orion products across all customers — including those who may have had an installation of the Orion products that contained the malicious update — was approximately $343 million, or roughly 45 percent of the firm's total revenue. SolarWinds' stock price has fallen 25 percent since news of the breach first broke.
Some of the legal and regulatory fallout may hinge on what SolarWinds knew or should have known about the incident, when, and how it responded. For example, Vinoth Kumar, a cybersecurity "bug hunter" who has earned cash bounties and recognition from multiple companies for reporting security flaws in their products and services, posted on Twitter that he notified SolarWinds in November 2019 that the company's software download website was protected by a simple password that was published in the clear on SolarWinds' code repository at Github.
Andrew Morris, founder of the security firm GreyNoise Intelligence, on said that as of Tuesday evening SolarWinds still hadn't removed the compromised Orion software updates from its distribution server.
Another open question is how or whether the incoming U.S. Congress and presidential administration will react to this apparently broad cybersecurity event. CSIS's Lewis says he doubts lawmakers will be able to agree on any legislative response, but he said it's likely the Biden administration will do something.
"It will be a good new focus for DHS, and the administration can issue an executive order that says federal agencies with regulatory authority need to manage these things better," Lewis said. "But whoever did this couldn't have picked a better time to cause a problem, because their timing almost guarantees a fumbled U.S. response."
Filed Under: Alan Paller, Andrew Morris, Center for Strategic and International Studies, CISA, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Data Breaches, FireEye, GreyNoise Intelligence, IT Security, James Lewis, Microsoft, Orion software, SANS Institute, SolarWinds breach, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Vinoth Kumar


The Type 143A Gepard class is Germanys last class of missile bearing fast attack craft (German: Schnellboot) and the only one still in service with the German Navy since 1990. It is an evolution of the Albatros -class fast attack craft, the main difference is the replacement of the second 76mm-gun by the RAM system.
It is planned that Gepard class vessels will gradually be supplemented by Braunschweig -class corvettes and to be replaced by a new class of corvettes in the 2020s. Designed by detailed drawing and resource. Suit for building an RC model or a static display model. Deck & superstructure made by ABS/wood/epoxy sheet (CNC).
Detail fitting parts made by casting resin or metal. All metal parts such as running set made by CNC precision sizing. Kit includes large size brass photo etch.
Kit includes huge size drawing. Kit includes 3D illustrated step by step instruction. Kit included: This kit comes with almost everything that needs to build an RC running model. Kit includes a hull, decks, Injection parts, CNC-sheets, decals, brass photo etch, motors, stuff boxes, propellers, rudder system, and other running sets. We will send to you asap, if have ready stock.
If not some items may take 6-8 weeks as these models have to be painstakingly built by hand. We will inform you to top up only if necessary. The item "Rc Remote Control MISSILE BOAT 143A Ship Boat (KIT)" is in sale since Monday, January 04, 2016. This item is in the category "Toys & Hobbies\Radio Control & Control Line\Radio Control Vehicles\Boats & Watercraft".


Outdoor 2017: Competed in the 400m hurdles four times and long jump three times... Posted a collegiate-best time in the 400m hurdles (1:03.18) to place 11th at the Atlantic 10 Championships... Also turned in collegiate-best mark in the long jump (5.29m) to place 15th at A-10s... Finished third in the long jump (5.36m,w) at the Lehigh Games... Placed fourth in the 400m hurdles (1:06.50) at the Widener Invitational... Named to SJU Athletic Director's Honor Roll.
Indoor 2016-17: Competed in the long jump five times and 60m hurdles five times as primary events... Placed 13th in the long jump (5.09m) and 15th in the 60m hurdles (9.28 PR) at the Atlantic 10 Championships... Placed fourth in the long jump (5.26m PR) at the Fastrack National Invitational... Placed fourth in the 4x400m relay (4:!1.15), sixth in the 60m hurdles (9.38), seventh in the long jump (5.14m), and 12th in the 200m (26.72 PR) at Yale's Giegengack Invitational... Opened season with a pair of top-ten finishes in the 60m hurdles (9.91) and long jump (4.80m) and added first collegiate 300m (44.32 PR) at the season-opening Jack Pyrah Invitational.
Outdoor 2016: Competed in the 100m hurdles four times and long jump three times as primary events... Turned in a pair of seventh-place finishes in the 100m hurdles (16.23) and long jump (season-best 5.15m) at the Rider Invitational... Recorded sixth-place finishes in the long jump (5.08m) and 4x400m relay (4:13.23) and added season-best 100m hurdles performance (16.09) at the Widener Invitational... Placed 11th in the 400m hurdles (1:09.39) and 15th in the 200m (season-best 27.53) at the Monmouth Season Opener... Raced the 4x100m relay (51.31), 100m hurdles (15.71, wind), and 400m hurdles (season-best 1:09.38) at the Colonial Relays... Competed in the 100m hurdles (16.10) and long jump (4.72m) at the Lehigh Games... Named to Atlantic 10 Commissioner's Honor Roll and SJU Athletic Director's Honor Roll.
Indoor 2015-16: Raced the 60m hurdles five times and 4x400m relay four times as primary events... Anchored the first-place 4x400m relay (4:03.56) and placed seventh in both the 500m (season-best 1:21.29) and 60m hurdles (season-best 9.46) at Yale's Giegengack Invitational... Placed second in the 60m hurdles (9.78) and fourth in first collegiate 400m (1:01.47) at the Ursinus Collegeville Classic... Raced the 400m again at the Monmouth Winter Open (1:03.41) before turning in season-best 400m (1:01.32) at the Fastrack Last Chance Invitational... Anchored fourth-place 4x400m relay (4:03.32) and made collegiate debuts in the 200m (27.72) and long jump (5.02m) at the Lehigh Angry Birds Meet... Placed sixth in the 4x400m relay (4:07.01) and 10th in the 60m hurdles (9.65) at the Princeton Tri-Meet... Turned in a pair of third-place finishes in the 4x400m relay (4:05.27) and 60m hurdles (9.86) at the season-opening Jack Pyrah Invitational.
High School/Personal: Three-time All-American with a fourth-place finish in the 2014 4x100m Shuttle Hurdle Relay and fifth-place finishes in the 2015 Sprint Medley Relay and 2014 4x55m Shuttle Hurdle Relay... Seven-time league champion, including titles in the long jump (5x), 400m hurdles, and 4x400m relay... Four-time intersectional champion, including in the long jump (2x), 4x400m relay, and 400m hurdles... Five-time state qualifier, including in the 4x400m relay, long jump, 55m hurdles, and pentathlon... Two-time Milrose Games CHSAA Sprint Medley Relay champion... Raced on 2012 New Balance Grand Prix championship 4x400m relay... School recordholder in the 4x400m relay... Selected team's Most Valuable Player for indoor track as a senior... Four-year varsity letterwinner and two-year team captain... Majoring in biology.


text:
Coptic Wiki (En)
Coptic Answers (En)
Coptic Answers (Ar)
/Dictionaries /ANATHEMA
Youssef Matta
Generate in PDF
The transliteration of a Gr. word which is used in the LXX to represent the Heb. ḥērem, 'a person or thing devoted or set apart, under religious sanctions, for destruction' (Lv 27:28, 29, Jos 6:17). It is capable of use in the good sense of an offering to God, but was gradually confined to the sense of 'accursed,' which is the rendering adopted in AV in all NT passages except 1 Co 16:22. Around the Heb. term there gathered in course of time an elaborate system of excommunication, with penalties varying both in amount and in duration, the purpose being sometimes remedial of the offender and sometimes protective of the community; but these developments are mainly later than our period.
They may have suggested lines on which a system of official discipline in the Christian Church was afterwards constructed, but it would be an anachronism to read them into the simpler thoughts of the apostolic literature. In patristic times the word denoted some ecclesiastical censure or form of punishment, for which a precedent may have been sought in the teaching or practice of St. Paul. To the Apostle, the OT allusion would be predominant, and his chief, if not his only, thought would be that of a hopeless spiritual condition, from which emergence could be effected, if at all, only with extreme difficulty and by special forbearance on the part of God.
In the Pauline Epistles the word 'anathema' occurs four times, once in reference to the Apostle himself, and on the other occasions in reference to the maltreatment of his Lord.
The personal passage is Ro 9:3, where there is no serious difficulty to those who do not look for strict reasoning in the language of the heart. St. Paul has just expressed (8:39) his belief that nothing conceivable could separate him from the love of God; and now, in his yearning over his fellow-countrymen, he announces that for their sakes he would be willing, if it were possible, to be even hopelessly separated from Christ. Clearly 'anathema' need not, and does not here, carry any sense of formal excommunication; it denotes a spiritual condition of which the two features are exclusion from the redemption in Christ and permanent hopelessness.
Greater difficulty attaches to Gal 1:8, where the Apostle, again under strong emotion, imprecates anathema upon others. The case he imagines is one that would warrant extreme indignation, though the language is that of justifiable passion and not to be interpreted literally. St. Paul would be the last of Christian teachers to withdraw all hope from a man, and it is possible that in this case he thought of anathema as being remedial and temporary. He was the bondservant of Christ, and as such he resented entirely any conduct or teaching that dishonoured his Lord. That such teaching reflected also on himself would be a matter of little consequence; but Christ was sacred to him, and the preacher of another gospel, whether one of his own colleagues or even 'an angel from heaven,' was not to be tolerated. His teaching made and proved him a person set apart for destruction; but whether that destruction was final or only corrective would depend upon the man's impenitence or reform. Free association with him would be no longer possible, and to that extent the beginnings of a system of discipline may be traced in the phrase, as in 1 Ti 1:20 and 1 Co 5:5, where the ultimate restoration of the man is distinctly in view. But the reference to 'an angel from heaven' is sufficient to prove that ecclesiastical censure, carrying finality with it, was not the main thought.
and 4. Twice in 1 Cor. the word 'anathema' occurs in the course of the sharp conflict excited by the extreme party among converted proselytes to Judaism; and the great idea is that everything in the religion of a professed Christian is determined by his real relationship to Christ. Over against the party of which the watchword was 'Jesus is Lord,' was a party whose irreligion was manifested by their cry 'Jesus is anathema' (1 Co 12:3). They were in a sense within the Christian community, and conscious therefore of certain obligations to Christ; but they were so provoked by the attempt to set Jesus on the same level with the supreme God, and by the apparently absolute incompatibility of that belief with their fundamental conviction of the unity of God, that they were prepared to renounce Jesus and even to denounce Him rather than to confess His Godhead and submit to His claims. Or, introduced into the Church from some form of paganism, they had been so familiar with the evil inspiration that swept them along to the worship of 'dumb idols' (12:2) as to be disposed to plead inspiration for any tongues or doctrines of their own, to whatever extent Jesus was degraded therein. In response St. Paul sets up the great antithesis between real inspiration and counterfeit. The Spirit of God is the author of any confession that Jesus is Lord; ecstasy or even demoniac possession may be pleaded for the assertion that Jesus for His teaching is destined to Divine destruction, but never the breath of the Holy Spirit. Between those two extremes there are many halting-places, and the insecurity of each of them is in proportion to its remoteness from the confession of Jesus Christ as Lord. So much is the Apostle affected by this dishonour done to his Lord, that it recurs to his memory as the Epistle is being closed, and suggests the footnote of 1 Co 16:22. He adopts the word need by the men of whom he was thinking, and condenses his indignation into a curt dismissal, 'If any one loveth not the Lord, let him be anathema. Maran atha.' In such a place again the word cannot denote official ecclesiastical censure. It is really an antithesis to the prayer for grace in Eph 6:24, the handing over of the unloving man to Satan, the refusal to have anything more to do with him until at least some signs of a newborn love for Christ are given.
As to the addition of Maran atha, both the meaning of the words and their relation to the context have been subjects of controversy. For a discussion of the Aramaic phrase, with related questions, see HDB iii. 241ff. It is either an assertion, 'Our Lord cometh' (so RVm), or, more probably, an ejaculatory prayer, 'O Lord, come,' with parallels in Ph 4:5, 1 P 4:7, Rev 22:20, devotional rather than minatory in its character and intention.
If it be taken as an assertion, it may mean, 'Let those who do not love the Lord fear and be quick to amend, for He is at hand in triumph,' though the expected Parousia is not a recurring feature of the Epistle. Or the idea may be, 'The Lord is coming soon, and there is no need to trouble further with these men, for with greater wisdom thought may be given to Him.' But the term is better detached entirely from the reference to anathema, and considered simply as a little prayer, in which the normal yearning of the Apostle expresses itself, before he closes a letter or group of letters, in the writing of which his pastoral heart must have been pained again and again.
The sudden way in which the expression is introduced suggests that it had already become a popular form of something like greeting in common use among the disciples, and had supplanted the earlier 'The Lord is risen,' unless both were used, the one on meeting and the other on parting. That would explain the absence of any attempt to translate it from the vernacular, and is confirmed by the usage of the next generation; cf. Didache, x. 6, where also the word follows a warning; and Apost. Constitutions, vii. 26, where any thought of enforcing a penalty is rendered impossible by the jubilant tone of the section.
In course of time 'anathema' came to mean excommunication, for which sanction was found in the Pauline use of the word, which again was carried back to our Saviour's teaching (Mt 18:17). Such men as are referred to in 1 Co 16:22 would of necessity find themselves excluded from association with disciples, and rules for their treatment were prescribed (1 Co 5:9, Tit 3:10, 2 Jn 10, 11), and eventually expanded in great detail. But, while this kind of ostracism was a natural accompaniment of anathema from the beginning, the word itself implied a certain relation to God, a spiritual condition with which God alone could deal, and with which He would deal finally or remedially. Execration and not official discipline is the dominant idea, with the censure of the Church as a corollary. See also artt. Discipline, Excommunication.
Literature.—See artt. 'Curse,' 'Excommunication,' 'Maranatha,' in HDB; Grimm-Thayer and Cramer, s.v. ἀνάθεμα; and the NT Comm. on the passages cited.
W. Moss.
LXX Septuagint.
AV Authorized Version.
HDB Hastings' Dict. of the Bible (5 vols.).
RVm Revised Version margin.
artt. articles.
Grimm-Thayer Grimm's Gr.-Eng. Lexicon of the NT, tr. Thayer.
Moss, R. W. (1916-1918). Anathema. In J. Hastings (Ed.), Dictionary of the Apostolic Church (2 Vols.) (J. Hastings, Ed.) (1:55-56). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Tags: Dictionaries
Tagged: ANATHEMAApostleApostolicApostolic ChurchAramaicbeliefBibleChristChristianChristian churchChristian communityChurchconfessionConstitutionsConstructedcontextControversyCorollaryCramerDetachedDIDACHEDisciplesDiscussionDismissalDivineEcclesiasticalElaborateEvilEXCOMMUNICATIONExpressesExpressionExtremeGodGodheadgospelGraceGraduallyheavenHoly SpiritJesusJesus ChristJosJudaismLanguageLettersLexiconliteratureLordLvLXXmeaningmemoryMossNew YorkOfferingPaganismParousiaPassionPastoralPatristicPaulPaulinePauline EpistlesPrayerSatanSaviourSeptuagintsignsSpirit of GodSupreme Godteachingthe Holy SpiritThe WordTriumphwisdomwriting
ANTICHRIST (ἀντίχριστος)
ANNAS (Gr. Ἄννας, Heb. הָנָן)
ANGELS OF THE SEVEN CHURCHES
سنوات مع أسئلة الناس (1) – البابا شنودة الثالث
أسئلة متنوعة – الأنبا غريغوريوس أسقف البحث العلمي
إجابات أسئلة – الأنبا رافائيل الأسقف العام
Bible 43
Dictionaries 55
Eminent 1,071
Heritage 152
Jewish Words 66
Liturgy 145
Places 558
Spiritual Life 33
Theology 144
azoy
Avinu Malkeinu
atzilut
atzei chayim
atarah
Ashrei
© Copyright, Coptic-Wiki.org

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Maria Hartmann, geborene Lobach (* 11. Dezember 1798 in Turnow; † 30. Dezember 1853 in Paramaribo, Suriname) war eine Missionarin der Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine.

Leben

Jugend
Über die Kindheit und Jugend der in der Niederlausitz, im heutigen Bundesland Brandenburg geborenen Maria Lobach ist nicht viel bekannt. Sie besuchte die Dorfschule in ihrem Geburtsort, aber bekam keinen Schreibunterricht, da der Schulleiter das für Mädchen unnötig hielt. Sie hatte sich erst später das Lesen und Schreiben angeeignet. Zu einem unbekannten Zeitpunkt begann Maria Lobach in einer Wäscherei und danach als Köchin in der Ökonomie des Schwesternhauses zu Herrnhut.

Heirat, Tätigkeit als Missionarin
Der in Gebhardsdorf, Niederschlesien geborene Johannes Gottlieb Hartmann (1796–1844), hatte das Schneiderhandwerk gelernt und kam 1823 nach Herrnhut. In die Gemeinde aufgenommen, bekleidete er das Amt des Aufsehers im Pensions-Pädagogium zu Großhennersdorf, bevor er 1826 den Ruf zum Missionsdienst nach Suriname erhielt. Einige Wochen später bestimmte das Los, dass Maria Lobach seine Frau werden sollte. Bei den Herrnhutern war es Brauch, bei schwierigen Entscheidungen das Schicksal mit Hilfe von Würfeln zu befragen. Dagegen wurde nie protestiert, weil es als Gottes Wille angesehen wurde. Johannes Gottlieb Hartmann und Maria Lobach heirateten am 12. September 1826 und begannen ihre Reise nach Suriname bereits drei Tage später. Am 8. Dezember 1826 erreichten sie gemeinsam Paramaribo.

Suriname
Sie verbrachten die ersten acht Jahre ihres Dienstes in Paramaribo, hier konnten sie die Sprache der Sklaven, Sranan, und die der Kolonisten, niederländisch, lernen und gleichzeitig ihren Lebensunterhalt verdienen. Bruder Johannes bekam Arbeit in der Schneiderei der Missionsfirma C. Kersten & Co, Schwester Maria half beim gemeinsamen Haushalt der Missionare.

Charlottenburg
In 1835 wurde die verfallene Kaffeeplantage Charlottenburg am Cotticafluss durch die 1828 gegründete Gesellschaft zur Ausbreitung des Christentums unter den Sklaven (kurz: Haagsche Maatschappij) gekauft und der Brüdergemeine zur Verfügung gestellt.

Im selben Jahr fuhren drei Missionarsehepaare, darunter die Hartmanns, in einem Ruderboot zur neuen Missionsstation nach Charlottenburg. Oft begleiteten die Frauen ihre Männer auf ihren Bootsreisen zu den Plantagen im weiten Umfeld und blieben manchmal wochenlang weg. Während die Brüder mit der Bekehrung begannen, besuchten die Schwestern kranke Sklaven und gaben Leseunterricht.

Nachdem ihr Mann an Tropenfieber erkrankte und das Fieber nicht zurückgehen wollte, begleitete Maria ihn für eine bessere medizinische Behandlung nach Paramaribo, wo Johann Gottlieb Hartmann kurz nach der Ankunft am 5. Mai 1844 verstarb.

Landesinnere
Nachdem Maria Hartmann-Lobach nach dem Tod ihres Mannes in Paramaribo geblieben war und den gemeinschaftlichen Haushalt der Herrnhuter geführt hatte, wurde im Jahre 1846 ihrem mehrfach geäußerten Wunsch stattgegeben, um im Buschland Missionsarbeit zu verrichten. Als Basisstation wählte sie die Plantage Berg en Dal wo ihr ein Haus zur Verfügung gestellt wurde und bereits 1839 eine Kirche der Brüdergemeine errichtet wurde. Von hier aus besuchte und lebte sie zeitweilig u. a. in den Saramaccaner Dörfern Bambey, Ganzee und Koffiekamp. In den 1960er Jahren verschwanden Ganzee und Koffiekamp im Brokopondo-Stausee.

Ende 1853 war sie von Bambey nach Koffiekamp gereist, wo die Christengemeinde des Dorfes eine kleine Kirche gebaut hatten. Aus diesem Anlass sollte ein Missionsehepaar aus Paramaribo zur Einweihung anreisen. Maria, die bereits seit Jahren an Elephantiasis litt, erkrankte hier schwer und erst vier Wochen später erreichte die Botschaft ihre Glaubensgemeinschaft in der Stadt, die sofort ein Boot nach Koffiekamp schickte, um sie von dort abzuholen. Kurz vor dem Weihnachtsfest, am 22. Dezember 1853 kam sie in Paramaribo an. Sie starb hier am 30. Dezember 1853 und wurde am folgenden Tag auf dem Herrnhuter-Friedhof Maria's Rust neben ihrem Mann begraben.

Kinder
Das Ehepaar Hartmann-Lobach hatte insgesamt fünf Kinder, wovon eine, Christiane Luise (1834–1840) bereits früh gestorben war. Die übrigen Johann Heinrich (1827–1900), Juliane Christiane (1829–1903), Johann Adolf Hieronymus (1831–1906) und Maria Elisabeth Heyde (1837–1917) verließen bereits mit dem Erreichen des Schulalters ihre Eltern und damit Suriname. In Kleinwelka in der Oberlausitz kamen sie auf das Herrnhuter Internat.

Außer von Maria Heyde ist bekannt, dass auch ihre beiden Brüder im Herrnhuter Missionsdienst waren:

Johann Heinrich Hartmann, geboren am 6. September 1827 in Paramaribo, der bereits zu Lebzeiten seiner Mutter, ab 1849 in Genadendal (Südafrika) tätig war. Er kehrte 1881 nach Europa zurück und starb am 24. Februar 1900 in Herrnhut.

Johann Adolf Hieronymus Hartmann, geboren am 31. Oktober 1831 in Charlottenburg, Suriname (die Eltern waren demnach bereits vor dem Kauf der Plantage hier ansässig). Er arbeitete zunächst als Lehrer an der Moravian Church Knabenschule in Fulneck,  England. Nach der Heirat mit Mary Hines in 1863 war er als Missionar dann zunächst in Ebenezer, Australien, 1873 in New Fairfield, Kanada und 1884 in Alaska tätig. Im Jahre 1896 trat er in den Ruhestand und zog nach Nazareth, Pennsylvania, wo er am 19. November 1906 starb.

Literatur
 Ruth Schiel: Flügel des Charadius – Bericht eines Lebens in Surinam. Wunderlich, Tübingen, Stuttgart 1949.
 Maria Lenders: Misi Hartmann een leven als zendelinge in Suriname, 1826–1853, in: OSO. Tijdschrift voor Surinaamse Taalkunde, Letterkunde en Geschiedenis. Jaargang 5 (1986), (PDF; 3,34 MB).
 Maria Lenders: Strijders voor het Lam. KITLV Uitgeverij, Leiden 1996, ISBN 90-6718-095-5.
 Frank Seeliger: Maria Elisabeth Heyde – Versuch einer biographischen Annäherung auf Grundlage der Tagebuchnotizen für die Jahre 1862 bis 1870, inklusiv Transkription durch Mitarbeiter des Ulmer Arbeitskreises "Herrnhuter Missionare in Lahoul", 2005, (PDF; 6,51 MB).

Einzelnachweise

Evangelischer Missionar
Person (Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine)
Person (Suriname)
Geschichte Surinames
Geboren 1798
Gestorben 1853
Frau

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Sergei Shablavin
Born in 1944 in Kirsanov, Tambov region. Graduated from the Moscow Engineering and Physical Institute (faculty of cybernetics) and the People's Correspondence University of Arts (painting class, 1981). Works held by the State Tretyakov Gallery, Jane Voorhees Zimmerli Art Museum at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, State Museum of Contemporary Art, Thessaloniki (collection of G. Kostaki), Museum Bochum and others.
The Formula of Landscape 2 project
Since the 1970s, Sergei Shablavin has been preoccupied with one very important theme in Moscow conceptualism: The relationship between landscape and the structure and anarchy of nature on one hand and the precise ways that people comprehend reality on the other. The works in his latest series, "The Formula of Landscape 2" elaborate on the themes addressed five years ago in "The Formula of Landscape." The very term "formula" suggests a discovery on the basis of which further work can proceed. Shablavin has indeed discovered a set of rigid correspondences between constructivist shapes and the landscapes portrayed on them, often the sea or plains. His centrifugal works bring the two elements together, creating an impression of tranquility and of the inviolability of the visible world. The ingredients employed by Shablavin are simple: panoramic views of urban landscapes, usually depicting Moscow, with the circle as a graphic form and the format of the painting. He often depicts the world as if reflected in a convex lens or a surveillance mirror (of the kind found in supermarkets). Many of Shablavin's works evoke yin and yang, the symbol of the balance of energies. There are few human figures in Shablavin's work, but those that can be seen exist in peaceful solitude, often portrayed against the background of a sea. For him, a human being is not a mover and shaker but a spectator, an onlooker, profoundly aware of the futility and pretense of rigid structures, the absurdity of struggling against nature.


text:
Tag: Orbital ATK
China Making Aggressive Moves to Dominate Commercial Space Sector
December 6, 2019 December 6, 2019 News 0
China satellite launch
Continuing our look at the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission's 2019 Report to Congress, we examine China's growing commercial space industry. [Full Report]
by Douglas Messier
China is using aggressive state-backed financing to capture increasing shares of the commercial launch and satellite markets, making it more difficult for American companies to compete and threatening to hollow out the U.S. industrial base.
China is also leverage "military-civil" fusion to create a burgeoning commercial space sector by providing substantial state support. Nearly 90 new space companies have been created since 2014, most of which enjoy the support of the Chinese military, defense industrial base, or state-owned research and development institutions.
China Launch Surge Left U.S., Russia Behind in 2018
Long March 2F rocket in flight carrying Shenzhou-11. (Credit: CCTV)
The year 2018 was the busiest one for launches in decades. There were a total of 111 completely successful launches out of 114 attempts. It was the highest total since 1990, when 124 launches were conducted.
China set a new record for launches in 2018. The nation launched 39 times with 38 successes in a year that saw a private Chinese company fail in the country's first ever orbital launch attempt.
How an LWO and His Team Guided a Minotaur IV Rocket Out of the Labyrinth
September 4, 2018 September 3, 2018 News 0
Mr. David Craft, 45th Weather Squadron launch weather officer, led his team through harsh weather and lightning conditions toward the successful launch of Orbital ATK's Minotaur IV rocket on August 26, 2017. This was the first launch of the Minotaur IV from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. (U.S. Air Force photo by Phil Sunkel)
By Airman 1st Class Zoe Thacker
45th Space Wing Public Affairs
CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, Fla. — What does a rocket never before launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, unfavorable weather conditions and a launch pad with a dry spell of over 15 years have in common? A seven-man weather team from the 45th Space Wing, led by Mr. David Craft, launch weather officer and retired airman.
Release the Kraken: Stratolaunch Ramps Up Plans for Flights
August 21, 2018 August 20, 2018 News 28
Air-launched boosters (Credit: Stratolaunch)
Wired has an entertaining story by Steven Levy about what Paul Allen and the team at Scaled Composites have been doing with Stratolaunch, whose enormous carrier plane nicknamed the Roc but also know as Composite Goose, Carbon Goose, Birdzilla and Stratosaurus.
Space Station Experiment Reaches Ultracold Milestone
July 31, 2018 July 30, 2018 News 0
The Cold Atom Laboratory (CAL) consists of two standardized containers that will be installed on the International Space Station. The larger container is called a "quad locker," and the smaller container is called a "single locker." The quad locker contains CAL's physics package, or the compartment where CAL will produce clouds of ultra-cold atoms. (Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Tyler Winn)
PASADENA, Calif. (NASA PR) — The International Space Station is officially home to the coolest experiment in space.
NASA's Cold Atom Laboratory (CAL) was installed in the station's U.S. science lab in late May and is now producing clouds of ultracold atoms known as Bose-Einstein condensates. These "BECs" reach temperatures just above absolute zero, the point at which atoms should theoretically stop moving entirely. This is the first time BECs have ever been produced in orbit.
NanoRacks Completes Fifth External Cygnus Deployment, Six More CubeSats in Orbit
DULLES, Virginia (NanoRacks PR) — Yesterday evening, NanoRacks successfully deployed six CubeSats from the Company's CubeSat deployer mounted on the outside of the Cygnus spacecraft. This brings the overall count to 223 small satellites deployed into low-Earth orbit.
The ninth contracted resupply mission from Orbital ATK (now Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems) launched on May 21, 2018, carrying NanoRacks' fifth mission providing opportunities for CubeSat deployment from Cygnus after the vehicle departs from the International Space Station. Prior to launch, the NanoRacks External Cygnus Deployer is installed on the exterior of the Cygnus service module with the capability to deploy satellites after the spacecraft completes its primary space station commercial resupply mission.
NASA TV to Cover Cygnus Departure From Station on Sunday
The Canadarm2 robotic arm is seen grappling the Orbital ATK Cygnus resupply ship on Nov. 14, 2017. (Credit: NASA TV)
HOUSTON (NASA PR) — Nearly two months after Orbital ATK, now part of Northrop Grumman, delivered several tons of supplies and scientific experiments to the International Space Station aboard its Cygnus cargo spacecraft, the spacecraft is set to depart the orbiting laboratory Sunday, July 15. Live coverage of unberthing and release will air on NASA Television and the agency's website.
Expedition 56 Flight Engineers Alexander Gerst of ESA (European Space Agency) and Serena Auñón-Chancellor of NASA will use the station's Canadarm2 robotic arm to release Cygnus, dubbed the SS "J.R. Thompson," after a leader in the aerospace industry. Live coverage will begin at 8:15 a.m. EDT for a scheduled release at 8:35 a.m.
Following its release, Cygnus will deploy a series of NanoRacks customer CubeSats. The cargo craft will then remain in orbit for an additional two weeks to allow the Cygnus flight control team to conduct engineering tests. The satellite deployment will not be broadcast on NASA TV.
Cygnus is scheduled to deorbit with thousands of pounds of trash on Monday, July 30, as it burns up harmlessly over the Pacific Ocean while entering Earth's atmosphere. The spacecraft's deorbit will not be broadcast on NASA TV.
Cygnus launched May 21 on an Antares rocket from NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia and arrived at the station on May 24, carrying a variety of science and technology investigations.
Keep up with the International Space Station and its research and crew at:
https://www.nasa.gov/station
Get breaking news, images and features from the space station on social media at:
https://instagram.com/iss
https://www.twitter.com/Space_Station
Mid-Year Global Launch Report: China & USA Continue to Battle for Lead
July 9, 2018 July 9, 2018 News 53
A United Launch Alliance (ULA) Delta IV rocket carrying the NROL-47 mission lifts off from Vandenberg Air Force Base. (Credit: ULA)
The world's launch providers were extremely busy in the first half of 2018, with China and the United States battling for the lead.
There with 55 orbital launches through the end of June, which amounted to a launch every 3.29 days or 79 hours. The total is more than half the 90 launches attempted in 2017. With approximately 42 missions scheduled for the last six months of the year, the total could reach 97. (more…)
Dawn's Latest Orbit Reveals Dramatic New Views of Occator Crater
July 3, 2018 July 3, 2018 News 9
This mosaic of a prominent mound located on the western side of Cerealia Facula was obtained by NASA's Dawn spacecraft on June 22, 2018 from an altitude of about 21 miles (34 kilometers). (Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA)
PASADENA, Calif. (NASA PR) — NASA's Dawn spacecraft reached its lowest-ever and final orbit around dwarf planet Ceres on June 6 and has been returning thousands of stunning images and other data.
SpaceX to Launch Majority of 4,000 Starlink Satellites From Cape Canaveral
June 22, 2018 June 21, 2018 human spaceflight, NASA, News 28
SpaceX Falcon 9 lifts off with a Dragon resupply ship on April 2, 2018. (Credit: NASA)
The draft environmental assessment for SpaceX's proposed expansion at NASA's Kennedy Space Center (KSC) also revealed that Elon Musk's rocket company plans to most of more than 4,000 satellites of its planned Starlink constellation from Cape Canaveral.
That will guarantee a busy schedule for SpaceX's Launch Complex 39A (LC-39A) at KSC and LC-40 at the adjoining Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). LC-39A can accommodate Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy boosters while LC-40 is configured for the Falcon 9.
Paragon Developing Advanced Radiator for Inflatable Habitats
June 7, 2018 June 3, 2018 News 3
Paragon Space Development Corporation will develop a flexible radiator for inflatable habitats and an improved condenser for use on human space missions with the help of NASA funding.
The space agency has selected the Tuscon, Ariz.-based company for two contracts under its Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase 1 program. The agreements are worth up to $125,000 apiece over 13 months.
The target market for Paragon's Flexible Radiator (FlexRAD) is "long duration human spaceflight exploration missions and other spacecraft" that use a single loop active thermal control system (ATCS).
Northrop Grumman Closes Orbital ATK Acquisition
June 6, 2018 News 1
FALLS CHURCH, Va. – June 6, 2018 (Northrop Grumman PR) – Northrop Grumman Corporation (NYSE: NOC) today announced it has closed the acquisition of Orbital ATK Inc. ("Orbital ATK"), a global leader in aerospace and defense technologies. Orbital ATK is now Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, a new, fourth business sector.
Northrop Grumman's board of directors has elected Blake Larson as corporate vice president and president of Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, reporting to Kathy Warden, Northrop Grumman's president and chief operating officer. Larson previously served as the chief operating officer of Orbital ATK.
Northrop Grumman Receives FTC Clearance to Close Acquisition of Orbital ATK
Combination enhances capabilities, innovation and competition in critical global security domains
Orbital ATK to become Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, a new, fourth business sector
Northrop Grumman now expects 2018 sales of approximately $30 billion, EPS of $16.20 to $16.45 and free cash flow1 of $2.3 to $2.6 billion
FALLS CHURCH, Va. – June 5, 2018 (Northrop Grumman PR) – Northrop Grumman Corporation (NYSE: NOC) announced today that the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has cleared Northrop Grumman's proposed acquisition of Orbital ATK Inc. The FTC's Bureau of Competition has completed its review of the merger, and the Premerger Notification Office has informed the company that the waiting period under the HSR Act has terminated, allowing the companies to complete the merger.
As part of that clearance, the FTC issued a decision and order providing for solid rocket motors to be available on a non-discriminatory basis under specified circumstances and under processes defined in the order. The company expects to complete the transaction after market close tomorrow and is issuing the following updated guidance. This updated guidance assumes the completion of the transaction tomorrow.
China Launches Remote Sensing Satellite, SpaceX Plans Early Monday Flight
At least 10 launches are planned worldwide this month. The launches include crew and cargo missions to the International Space Station and the first commercial flight of Rocket Lab's Electron booster. Orbital ATK's Pegasus XL will launch NASA's Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) from the Marshall Islands on June 14.
China got June off to a successful start on Saturday with the launch of the Gaofen-6 remote sensing satellite aboard a Long March 2D rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
SpaceX is up next, with an early morning launch on Monday morning. A Falcon 9 is set to launch the SES 12 communications satellite from Cape Canaveral in Florida. The four-hour launch window opens at 12:29 a.m. EDT (0429 GMT). The company has no plans to recover the previously used first stage.
The current launch schedule is below. View updates here.
Launch Vehicle: Long March 2D
Payload: Gaofen 6 remote sensing satellite
Launch Site: Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, China
Outcome: Success
Launch Vehicle: Falcon 9
Payload: SES 12 communications satellite
Launch Window: 12:29-1:27 a.m. EDT (0429-0527 GMT)
Launch Site: Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida
Webcast: www.spacex.com
Launch Vehicle: Soyuz
Payload: ISS 55S Crew flight
Launch Time: 7:11 a.m. EDT (1111 GMT)
Launch Site: Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan
Webcast: www.nasa.gov
Launch Vehicle: H-2A
Payload: IGS Radar 6 reconnaissance satellite
Launch Site: Tanegashima Space Center, Japan
Launch Vehicle: Pegasus XL
Payload: NASA Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) satellite
Launch Time: TBD
Launch Site: L-1011, Kwajalein, Marshall Islands
Launch Vehicle: Electron
Payloads: 2 Spire & 1 GeoOptics satellites
Launch Site: Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand
First commercial flight of Electron.
Payload: Dragon ISS resupply (CRS-15)
Launch Site: Cape Canaveral, Florida
Webcast: www.spacex.com and www.nasa.gov
June TBD
Launch Vehicle: Long March 2C
Payload: PRSS 1 remote sensing satellite
Launch Site: Taiyuan, China
Launch Vehicle: Long March 3A
Payload: Fengyun 2H geostationary weather satellite
Launch Site: Xichang, China
Payload: Telstar 19V communications satellite
Launch Window: TBD
Cygnus Arrives at International Space Station
May 24, 2018 News 0
The Orbital ATK Antares rocket, with the Cygnus spacecraft onboard, launches from Pad-0A, Monday, May 21, 2018 at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Orbital ATK's ninth contracted cargo resupply mission with NASA to the International Space Station will deliver approximately 7,400 pounds of science and research, crew supplies and vehicle hardware to the orbital laboratory and its crew. (Credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)
HOUSTON (NASA PR) — The Orbital ATK Cygnus cargo ship was bolted into place on the International Space Station's Earth-facing port of the Unity module at 8:13 a.m. EDT. The spacecraft will spend about seven weeks attached to the space station before departing in July. After it leaves the station, the uncrewed spacecraft will deploy several CubeSats before its fiery re-entry into Earth's atmosphere as it disposes of several tons of trash.


MUMBAI: An exhaustive inspection of drug maker Sun Pharma's manufacturing facility at Halol by the US FDA pointed to inadequately designed testing programs to assess the stability characteristics of drugs besides faulting accuracy of test methods used at the site. Spanning over two weeks from November 17 to December 1, the US FDA audit followed almost a year-long remediation exercise by Sun Pharma.
FDA investigators, Patric C. Klotzbuecher and Santos E Camara found no field alerts were submitted for the dissolution failure of long-term stability of Buproprion extended release tablets for a specific batch.
Addressed to Madhukar Ramdin, Senior VP, operations at the Halol site, the FDA's 14-page long observations noted that the drug products did not "bear an expiration date determined by appropriate stability data to assure they meet applicable standards of identity, strength, quality and purity at time of use." It added the establishment of test procedures and any changes to those were not adequately reviewed and approved by the quality control unit.
The agency also found that scientifically sound and appropriate lab control mechanisms were not established to assure that components, drug product containers, closures, in-process materials, or drug products conform to appropriate standards of identity, strength, quality and purity." In the view of two independent quality control experts, this may be seen as a major lapse in the remediation process of the company.
Sun's Halol site is crucial to its growth ambitions in the US. After the site was issued 23 observations in 2014 and later served a warning letter last December, the drug maker's rate of product approvals in the US suffered, impacting its sales targets.
The latest inspection at Halol comes close on the heels of the Mohali site inspection, which saw the US regulator issuing seven observations. Analysts estimate Halol site contributed over 15% of Sun Pharma's revenues in the US. For FY 2016, Sun had combined sales of $4.3 billion of which the US alone contributed $2.1 billion.
In his initial take, a senior analyst put the observations as "mild to moderate" and not critical in nature. "The remediation may take three months and are resolvable as most observations are confined to the lab processes followed. The FDA may take another six months to clear the site," he added, requesting not to be identified. However another executive in a QA consulting firm said it may be too premature to infer the next set of action based on the first look at the observations.
On the BSE, Sun Pharma stock was up 0.5% at Rs 679.75 at 11.00 am.


text:
package wait

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/spf13/cobra"

	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/unstructured"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/watch"
	"k8s.io/client-go/dynamic"
	cmdutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/cmd/util"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/genericclioptions"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/genericclioptions/printers"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubectl/genericclioptions/resource"
)

// WaitFlags directly reflect the information that CLI is gathering via flags.  They will be converted to Options, which
// reflect the runtime requirements for the command.  This structure reduces the transformation to wiring and makes
// the logic itself easy to unit test
type WaitFlags struct {
	RESTClientGetter     genericclioptions.RESTClientGetter
	PrintFlags           *genericclioptions.PrintFlags
	ResourceBuilderFlags *genericclioptions.ResourceBuilderFlags

	Timeout      time.Duration
	ForCondition string

	genericclioptions.IOStreams
}

// NewWaitFlags returns a default WaitFlags
func NewWaitFlags(restClientGetter genericclioptions.RESTClientGetter, streams genericclioptions.IOStreams) *WaitFlags {
	return &WaitFlags{
		RESTClientGetter: restClientGetter,
		PrintFlags:       genericclioptions.NewPrintFlags("condition met"),
		ResourceBuilderFlags: genericclioptions.NewResourceBuilderFlags().
			WithLabelSelector("").
			WithAllNamespaces(false).
			WithLatest(),

		Timeout: 30 * time.Second,

		IOStreams: streams,
	}
}

// NewCmdWait returns a cobra command for waiting
func NewCmdWait(restClientGetter genericclioptions.RESTClientGetter, streams genericclioptions.IOStreams) *cobra.Command {
	flags := NewWaitFlags(restClientGetter, streams)

	cmd := &cobra.Command{
		Use: "wait resource.group/name [--for=delete|--for condition=available]",
		DisableFlagsInUseLine: true,
		Short: "Wait for one condition on one or many resources",
		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
			o, err := flags.ToOptions(args)
			cmdutil.CheckErr(err)
			err = o.RunWait()
			cmdutil.CheckErr(err)
		},
		SuggestFor: []string{"list", "ps"},
	}

	flags.AddFlags(cmd)

	return cmd
}

// AddFlags registers flags for a cli
func (flags *WaitFlags) AddFlags(cmd *cobra.Command) {
	flags.PrintFlags.AddFlags(cmd)
	flags.ResourceBuilderFlags.AddFlags(cmd.Flags())

	cmd.Flags().DurationVar(&flags.Timeout, "timeout", flags.Timeout, "The length of time to wait before giving up.  Zero means check once and don't wait, negative means wait for a week.")
	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&flags.ForCondition, "for", flags.ForCondition, "The condition to wait on: [delete|condition=condition-name].")
}

// ToOptions converts from CLI inputs to runtime inputs
func (flags *WaitFlags) ToOptions(args []string) (*WaitOptions, error) {
	printer, err := flags.PrintFlags.ToPrinter()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	builder := flags.ResourceBuilderFlags.ToBuilder(flags.RESTClientGetter, args)
	clientConfig, err := flags.RESTClientGetter.ToRESTConfig()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	dynamicClient, err := dynamic.NewForConfig(clientConfig)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	conditionFn, err := conditionFuncFor(flags.ForCondition)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	effectiveTimeout := flags.Timeout
	if effectiveTimeout < 0 {
		effectiveTimeout = 168 * time.Hour
	}

	o := &WaitOptions{
		ResourceFinder: builder,
		DynamicClient:  dynamicClient,
		Timeout:        effectiveTimeout,

		Printer:     printer,
		ConditionFn: conditionFn,
		IOStreams:   flags.IOStreams,
	}

	return o, nil
}

func conditionFuncFor(condition string) (ConditionFunc, error) {
	if strings.ToLower(condition) == "delete" {
		return IsDeleted, nil
	}
	if strings.HasPrefix(condition, "condition=") {
		conditionName := condition[len("condition="):]
		return ConditionalWait{
			conditionName: conditionName,
			// TODO allow specifying a false
			conditionStatus: "true",
		}.IsConditionMet, nil
	}

	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unrecognized condition: %q", condition)
}

// WaitOptions is a set of options that allows you to wait.  This is the object reflects the runtime needs of a wait
// command, making the logic itself easy to unit test with our existing mocks.
type WaitOptions struct {
	ResourceFinder genericclioptions.ResourceFinder
	DynamicClient  dynamic.Interface
	Timeout        time.Duration

	Printer     printers.ResourcePrinter
	ConditionFn ConditionFunc
	genericclioptions.IOStreams
}

// ConditionFunc is the interface for providing condition checks
type ConditionFunc func(info *resource.Info, o *WaitOptions) (finalObject runtime.Object, done bool, err error)

// RunWait runs the waiting logic
func (o *WaitOptions) RunWait() error {
	return o.ResourceFinder.Do().Visit(func(info *resource.Info, err error) error {
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		finalObject, success, err := o.ConditionFn(info, o)
		if success {
			o.Printer.PrintObj(finalObject, o.Out)
			return nil
		}
		if err == nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("%v unsatisified for unknown reason", finalObject)
		}
		return err
	})
}

// IsDeleted is a condition func for waiting for something to be deleted
func IsDeleted(info *resource.Info, o *WaitOptions) (runtime.Object, bool, error) {
	endTime := time.Now().Add(o.Timeout)
	for {
		gottenObj, err := o.DynamicClient.Resource(info.Mapping.Resource).Namespace(info.Namespace).Get(info.Name, metav1.GetOptions{})
		if errors.IsNotFound(err) {
			return info.Object, true, nil
		}
		if err != nil {
			// TODO this could do something slightly fancier if we wish
			return info.Object, false, err
		}

		watchOptions := metav1.ListOptions{}
		watchOptions.FieldSelector = "metadata.name=" + info.Name
		watchOptions.ResourceVersion = gottenObj.GetResourceVersion()
		objWatch, err := o.DynamicClient.Resource(info.Mapping.Resource).Namespace(info.Namespace).Watch(watchOptions)
		if err != nil {
			return gottenObj, false, err
		}

		timeout := endTime.Sub(time.Now())
		if timeout < 0 {
			// we're out of time
			return gottenObj, false, wait.ErrWaitTimeout
		}
		watchEvent, err := watch.Until(o.Timeout, objWatch, isDeleted)
		switch {
		case err == nil:
			return watchEvent.Object, true, nil
		case err == watch.ErrWatchClosed:
			continue
		case err == wait.ErrWaitTimeout:
			if watchEvent != nil {
				return watchEvent.Object, false, wait.ErrWaitTimeout
			}
			return gottenObj, false, wait.ErrWaitTimeout
		default:
			return gottenObj, false, err
		}
	}
}

func isDeleted(event watch.Event) (bool, error) {
	return event.Type == watch.Deleted, nil
}

// ConditionalWait hold information to check an API status condition
type ConditionalWait struct {
	conditionName   string
	conditionStatus string
}

// IsConditionMet is a conditionfunc for waiting on an API condition to be met
func (w ConditionalWait) IsConditionMet(info *resource.Info, o *WaitOptions) (runtime.Object, bool, error) {
	endTime := time.Now().Add(o.Timeout)
	for {
		resourceVersion := ""
		gottenObj, err := o.DynamicClient.Resource(info.Mapping.Resource).Namespace(info.Namespace).Get(info.Name, metav1.GetOptions{})
		switch {
		case errors.IsNotFound(err):
			resourceVersion = "0"
		case err != nil:
			return info.Object, false, err
		default:
			conditionMet, err := w.checkCondition(gottenObj)
			if conditionMet {
				return gottenObj, true, nil
			}
			if err != nil {
				return gottenObj, false, err
			}
			resourceVersion = gottenObj.GetResourceVersion()
		}

		watchOptions := metav1.ListOptions{}
		watchOptions.FieldSelector = "metadata.name=" + info.Name
		watchOptions.ResourceVersion = resourceVersion
		objWatch, err := o.DynamicClient.Resource(info.Mapping.Resource).Namespace(info.Namespace).Watch(watchOptions)
		if err != nil {
			return gottenObj, false, err
		}

		timeout := endTime.Sub(time.Now())
		if timeout < 0 {
			// we're out of time
			return gottenObj, false, wait.ErrWaitTimeout
		}
		watchEvent, err := watch.Until(o.Timeout, objWatch, w.isConditionMet)
		switch {
		case err == nil:
			return watchEvent.Object, true, nil
		case err == watch.ErrWatchClosed:
			continue
		case err == wait.ErrWaitTimeout:
			if watchEvent != nil {
				return watchEvent.Object, false, wait.ErrWaitTimeout
			}
			return gottenObj, false, wait.ErrWaitTimeout
		default:
			return gottenObj, false, err
		}
	}
}

func (w ConditionalWait) checkCondition(obj *unstructured.Unstructured) (bool, error) {
	conditions, found, err := unstructured.NestedSlice(obj.Object, "status", "conditions")
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}
	if !found {
		return false, nil
	}
	for _, conditionUncast := range conditions {
		condition := conditionUncast.(map[string]interface{})
		name, found, err := unstructured.NestedString(condition, "type")
		if !found || err != nil || strings.ToLower(name) != strings.ToLower(w.conditionName) {
			continue
		}
		status, found, err := unstructured.NestedString(condition, "status")
		if !found || err != nil {
			continue
		}
		return strings.ToLower(status) == strings.ToLower(w.conditionStatus), nil
	}

	return false, nil
}

func (w ConditionalWait) isConditionMet(event watch.Event) (bool, error) {
	if event.Type == watch.Deleted {
		// this will chain back out, result in another get and an return false back up the chain
		return false, nil
	}
	obj := event.Object.(*unstructured.Unstructured)
	return w.checkCondition(obj)
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


At Devonalds, our commercial property solicitors are dedicated in ensuring our clients get the most out of their business premises. From major high street retailers to property investors and developers, we've assisted a vast range of commercial clients through the critical property decisions that have helped shape the success of their business. Our duty is to promote a healthy return of your commercial property investment, so when you instruct a member of our team, you can expect nothing less than high quality advice that's tailored to your practical and commercial needs.
Before diving into a commercial property contract, it's essential to ensure that it's in line with your business' best interests. Whether you are a small start up searching for office space or a landlord looking to lease your property, it's vital to gain advice from a professional to identify the potential pitfalls, problems or possibilities of a commercial property. With an expert by your side to guide you through transactions, financial matters and commercial contracts, you'll gain the confidence that your property is benefiting your business, allowing you to focus on growth and development.
Why choose Devonalds' commercial property solicitors?
Whatever the nature of your business, property can be one of your most valuable assets. From the moment you instruct one of the specialist commercial property solicitors at Devonalds, we'll work to gain an in-depth understanding of your business objectives and requirements. We don't believe in delivering pre-packaged advice, so by understanding your unique challenges and commercial ambitions, our experts can provide a service that protects your interests and meets your specific needs.
From our technical knowledge in commercial conveyancing, planning law and site redevelopment to our impressive business acumen, our commercial property solicitors are well equipped to provide guidance and advice through any property related legal issue that may arise. From our extensive experience helping companies of all shapes and sizes through the acquisition, disposal, leasing and construction of commercial property, we've gained valuable insight into the trends in office, retail, leisure and industrial property markets. That means you can rely on our advice to always be realistic, current, and backed by specialist knowledge of the local area.
When choosing a commercial property solicitor, you need a qualified professional with strength in communication. At Devonalds, our promise to you is to always keep you up to date with developments in your transaction and fresh advice, allowing you to concentrate on the day-to-day responsibilities of running a business. Confident in all areas of commercial property law, you can rest assured that your matter will be in safe hands from start to finish. There's no question we can't answer, and we will always endeavour to be available when you need us the most, explaining your options with care and clarity to ensure that the decisions you make are the right ones.
The sale and purchase of commercial property – otherwise known as 'commercial conveyancing' – consists of a range of legal, financial and practical issues that require a great deal of consideration prior to the transaction. Whether you're a company looking to secure premises to operate from or an investor looking to snap up a promising property to lease, you can count on Devonalds to deal carefully with each aspect of the transaction, providing strategic advice throughout. From undertaking searches to drafting and negotiating the terms of a lease, our commercial property solicitors are here to help you get the most out of your money.
As a business grows in profit, it's likely to grow in size. As a result, you may find that relocating or acquiring additional premises is essential to your practical needs, but you may not be too familiar with what to do and how to do it. Here at Devonalds, our team of commercial property solicitors have the knowledge and experience to help guide you through the market and gain an understanding of which premises are right for you. When you find a property that's right for your business, you can rely on Devonalds to take care of the transaction with ease.
Whether you're a first-time landlord or are a seasoned professional, choosing to invest in commercial property is a significant commitment. With the rental market in a state of flux, it's vital to be aware of the risks involved in order to identify pitfalls as early as possible. Choosing to work with Devonalds means you will gain the insight and assistance of a dedicated property professional who will not only help you to get off the ground, but also assist you through any issues that arise regarding your tenants. Our team of commercial property solicitors are also passionate about ensuring business tenants get the most from their lease, providing advice and assistance through initial negotiations and legal support if disputes arise.
Whether your business owns, occupies or manages a property, there's a chance that you could encounter a dispute somewhere down the line. Be it regarding rent, renewals, repairs or alterations, your first step should be to seek trusted legal advice from a qualified professional. Here at Devonalds, our solicitors have vast experience in guiding business clients through to resolution with ease. We know how disruptive, costly and time-consuming disputes can be; so from the moment you instruct us, we will work to find a strategy to resolve your dispute with minimal time involved. Where possible, we will aim to achieve resolution through tactical negotiation to reach a satisfactory outcome. Court proceedings are a last resort, but if it becomes unavoidable, you can count on us to protect your interests through skillful representation.
For all your commercial property issues, we've got a dedicated specialist to handle it with efficiency. Get in touch today to find out how our commercial property solicitors can help you.


text:
Senate Finance Committee approves nearly $480M in federal stimulus funds spending
by: Allison Keys
Posted: Dec 13, 2021 / 07:40 AM MST / Updated: Dec 13, 2021 / 07:40 AM MST
SANTA FE, N.M. (KRQE) – At the special legislative session in Santa Fe on Sunday, the Senate Finance Committee approved an amended bill spending nearly $480 million in federal stimulus funds. This trimmed-down version of House Bill 2 eliminates $5 million originally slated for the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish and cuts another $26 million to expand broadband across the state.
Weather: Next storm brings wind and showers
Crime: Local flower shop burglarized, thief caught on camera
COVID-19: Community mourns after 2 high school coaches die from COVID-19
New Mexico: Reintroduced bill would make shooting threats a felony
However, there is still more than $120 million in the bill for broadband. The rest of the bill includes everything from road infrastructure to a new hospital, possibly for Valencia County.
The bill now heads to the full Senate, then would need House approval.
by Eric DoBroka / Jan 17, 2022
NEW MEXICO (KRQE) – High and mid-level clouds continue pushing their way across our state this evening. We'll see some clearing later from west to east as low temperatures will be milder than last night.
Some stronger wind gusts also continue for areas east of the mountains tonight. Gusts will remain around 20-30 mph. Tuesday will start sunny but then more clouds will spill into New Mexico Tuesday afternoon and evening. Some lighter isolated showers across the south-central are possible. However, the bigger story will be the statewide wind with well above average temperatures. The warmest will be for eastern parts of the state with high temperatures in the lower 70s. Gusts could approach 40 mph for Santa Rosa/Las Vegas.
by Annalisa Pardo / Jan 17, 2022
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (KRQE) – The suspect in an Albuquerque rape cold case from more than 20 years ago is now behind bars. It was another case that fell through the cracks because of the rape kit backlog. Back in 1999, a man walked into a woman's house in the middle of the night and attacked her. Twenty-three years later, police say they've tracked him down in California.
"Anytime you catch a break in a case that is that old, it's an extraordinary thing," said Raul Torrez, Bernalillo County District Attorney. Christopher Salazar, 41, is behind bars for allegedly raping a woman in her house near Lomas and Washington in 1999 when he was just 19.
NEW MEXICO (KRQE) – A woman accused of slamming into a group of bikers in northern New Mexico is expected to take a plea deal. Police say Maryann O'Quinn was speeding near Cochiti Lake in 2016 when she hit the group head-on.
O'Quinn and her three passengers were ejected. Her own 15-year-old daughter was killed and three motorcyclists lost limbs. After a six-month delay, O'Quinn was finally charged. She is expected to take a plea deal on Tuesday. The specifics have not been made public.
New Mexico Attorney General warns residents of COVID-19 test scams
Crossover vs. SUV: What's the difference?
Albuquerque lawmakers, advocates propose new penalties for unsecured guns
Clovis Police search for information in drive-by shooting of teen


text:
Q: Detecting empty object in action method If I have the following model and action:
public class Filters
{
    public string Keyword {get;set;}
    public int ArticleId {get;set;}
}

public class MyController : Controller
{
    public ActionResult Full(Filters filters)
    {
        ...

        return View();
    }
}

If you route to the Full action with no querystring or form variables to populate the values in filters you simply get a new Filters().
I need to incur a situation where I know where this was the case, or if the querystring/form variables contributed to populating filters.
I thought I could use polymorphism, like:
public class MyController : Controller
{
    public ActionResult Full()
    {
        var filters = <Perhaps read out of session state>

        return Full(filters);
    }

    public ActionResult Full(Filters filters)
    {
        ...

        return View();
    }
}

but this does not work (ambiguous). I wrote an extension method to object that simply checks if all public properties are the default value, but it feels like there should be a better way.

A: Does setting the default value work?
public class MyController : Controller
{
    public ActionResult Full(Filters filters = null)
    {
        if (filters == null)
        {
            //nothing passed in
        }
        else
        {
            //do some work
        }

        return View();
    }
 }

Thought this would work, but can't test it right now.
Edit:
Seems odd it doesn't work if you're really not passing anything in, but if you're looking for maybe a more elegant way to check for defaults, you could create a public static readonly field on Filter called Empty then your checking code could be very readable like
if (filters == Filters.Empty)
{
    //passed in with nothing
}

Similar to string.Empty.

A: I recommend you add a special hidden input that you can test to see whether there is data or not. It could be a bool that is always set to true. If it turns out to be false, no form of yours was posted.
Or use Request.HttpMethod to find out whether this is a POST or a GET/HEAD.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Technical data MAX is a multi-purpose discharge moving head. Thanks to its specially developed high quality optical system, MAX projects perfectly focused gobos in a wide zoom range. MAX features also the revolutionary 'FPR' system for an unlimited Pan rotation. MAX is compact and lightweight, easy to install and suitable for the whole range of top applications. MAX employs a 330 W MSD PLATINUM LAMP and it is the perfect replacement for 575/700 MSR with the newest technologies. AMG International è il leader nel settore rental di materiale audiovisivo. Con sedi a Roma e Milano lavoriamo su tutto il territorio nazionale.


Rob from House of Phillips came to us and said; "I want to make a calendar for Scootercity, filled with colourful Vespa's and the people of Amsterdam, are you in?" Off course we were in!
So we started brainstorming about some ideas, how to show the classic Vespa Sprint lines and mix them with observations of the people of Amsterdam. Wether distracted by her phone, fixing her hair in the helmet or our man dropping his keys, we aimed to keep these observations clean and simple.
The result is a very fresh, colourful but bold series which is used online, but also in posters and calendars.


The University of Texas at Arlington cares about our students' success, not only academically, but emotionally and physically. Because of our commitment, we provide literally hundreds of departments and services across campus that respond to our students' unique needs. But sometimes, students do not ask for help when they need it. So in an effort to identify those students proactively, UTA has created a network of professionals from across campus that are committed to a caring, confidential program of identification, intervention and response in order to provide our students with the greatest chance of success and our community with the greatest level of protection.
Provide additional resources on our campus and in our community.
If you have questions or concerns for the BIT about a student or an incident, please contact a BIT Chair or email questions to bit@uta.edu.
Listen to quality sports and entertainment programming online from the Mavericks of College Radio.


text:
"use strict";

var _fastdom = require("fastdom");

var _fastdom2 = _interopRequireDefault(_fastdom);

var _querySelectorLive = require("../dom/querySelectorLive");

var _querySelectorLive2 = _interopRequireDefault(_querySelectorLive);

function _interopRequireDefault(obj) { return obj && obj.__esModule ? obj : { default: obj }; }

/**
 * @name 	inputAdditionalAttributes
 * Add some attributes on inputs, textarea and select to help with styling purposes and more.
 * Here's the attributes added:
 * - `has-value`: When the input has a value in it
 * - `empty`: When the input is has no value in it
 * - `dirty`: When the input has been touched
 * @example 	js
 * import 'coffeekraken-sugar/js/features/inputAdditionalAttributes'
 * @author 		Olivier Bossel <olivier.bossel@gmail.com> (https://olivierbossel.com)
 */

function handleInputAttributes(eOrElm) {
	var setDirty = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : true;
	var forceDirty = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : false;

	var field = eOrElm.target ? eOrElm.target : eOrElm;
	if (!field || !field.tagName) return;
	switch (field.tagName) {
		case "INPUT":
		case "TEXTAREA":
		case "SELECT":
			_fastdom2.default.mutate(function () {
				if (field.type && (field.type === "checkbox" || field.type === "radio")) return;
				if (field.value && !field.hasAttribute("has-value")) {
					field.setAttribute("has-value", true);
					field.removeAttribute("empty");
				} else if (field.value === undefined || field.value === null || field.value === "") {
					field.removeAttribute("has-value");
					field.removeAttribute("value");
					if (!field.hasAttribute("empty")) {
						field.setAttribute("empty", true);
					}
				}
				if (setDirty) {
					if (!field.hasAttribute("dirty") && (field.value || forceDirty)) {
						field.setAttribute("dirty", true);
					}
				}
			});
			break;
	}
}

function handleFormSubmitOrReset(e) {
	// loop on each form elements
	[].forEach.call(e.target.elements, function (field) {
		// reset the field attributes
		handleInputAttributes(field, true, true);
		// stop here if is a submit
		if (e.type === "submit") return;
		// remove dirty attribute
		_fastdom2.default.mutate(function () {
			field.removeAttribute("dirty");
		});
	});
}

(0, _querySelectorLive2.default)('select, textarea, input:not([type="submit"])', function (elm) {
	handleInputAttributes(elm, false);
});

document.addEventListener("change", handleInputAttributes);
document.addEventListener("keyup", handleInputAttributes);
document.addEventListener("reset", handleFormSubmitOrReset);
document.addEventListener("submit", handleFormSubmitOrReset);


Automotive Service Center provides Glass Tinting services to Whitehouse Station, NJ, Branchburg, NJ, Clinton, NJ, and other surrounding areas.
Why Should You Have Window Tinting Services Performed at Automotive Service Center?
We proudly service the Window Tinting needs of customers in Whitehouse Station, NJ, Branchburg, NJ, Clinton, NJ, and surrounding areas.


Latest post Tue, May 22 2018 9:46 AM by luca.mg. 1 replies.
The screen in the record side then goes black, even though I still try to scrub through the video, I see nothing. The AMA clips are still online in the rcord side, and I can play them, no issues there.
Anyone ever had this error under these circumstances?
I have tried deleting MC state, site settings, recreating a new project and bring the bins in, creating a new user profile, restarting. I deleted the sequence and started over. Same thing happened.
We origianlly editied DNxHD36 media created in Resolve. The relinking we well, so mabe I just need to Trancode right away, before the error message appears...and then recut the missing media in by hand?
I am on a Macpro late 2013, 3.5 GHz 6-Core Intel Xeon E5, 16 gigs, AMD FirePro D500 on Sierra. Avid 2018.3.0. Any pointers or suggestions on how to fix this would be greatly appreciated.
The relinking we well, so mabe I just need to Trancode right away, before the error message appears...and then recut the missing media in by hand?
Yes You do need to transcode, the GoPro footage is very heavy to handle.


Aim : There has been a steep rise in incidence of liver injury in the past few years because of increase in incidence of road traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of non-operative management of liver injury due to blunt abdominal trauma. Materials and Methods : All patients with liver injury from blunt trauma abdomen were studied between January 2000 and January 2010. A total of 152 patients with liver injury were put on conservative management. Hundred and three (67.77%) patients were males and 49 (32.23%) were females with an age range of 15-60 years (32.8 years). Most of the injuries were because of road traffic accidents (81.57%). Liver injuries were graded according to Moore's classification using computed tomography. Patients with Grade V and VI were excluded from the study. Patients who were unstable hemodynamically on admission were also excluded from the study. Results : There was no mortality in our series. Eight patients needed exploration because they developed hemodynamic instability. Four of the patient developed post-operative liver abscess which was treated conservatively. Conclusion : Non-operative management of liver injury due to blunt trauma abdomen is a safe, effective and treatment modality of choice in hemodynamically stable Moore's grade I to Grade IV injury.


text:
BACK TO TOPlogoArtboard 1Page 1Page 1Fill 1
Dispatches from Ecuador Part 1
I recently visited Ecuador where I accompanied our partners from the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP) on a collecting expedition for crop wild relatives. In five days, we crisscrossed three provinces searching for wild potato, eggplant, rice, and sweet potato.
By all counts, it was a productive week: the INIAP team identified and collected seeds from ten different populations – what both Lenin Rosero and Alvaro Monteros, the seed collectors, summed up as "one of their most successful expeditions."
Given the many experiences we shared, the diverse landscapes we walked through, and the various challenges endured together, we will be sharing this story in a five-part series.
This is the first one.
Dispatches from Ecuador
Part 1: Searching for Wild Potatoes
Text and photos by LM Salazar
Day 1. Monday morning. Stepping outside the Quito hotel lobby, I follow Lenin and Alvaro to the INIAP pick-up truck. We leave the small talk for the long drive; we have a full day ahead of us, but first we need to brave the capital's rush hour traffic.
Days before, Lenin had walked me through the program: an ambitious expedition to several as-of-yet-unexplored regions in the central part of Ecuador.
Our first stop: the Cayambe-Coca National Park. Off the highway, up a dirt road, it's located in the Parroquia Papallacta in Napo province, at 4,200 m.a.s.l. Lenin parks the truck and, without fanfare, the collecting begins.
Lenin crosses the dirt road and climbs the hill. Alvaro walks down in the opposite direction. Camera in hand, I watch them move, slowly, deliberately, with their eyes to the ground.
In the immensity of the place, under the sun and braving the high winds, they look like specks lost in a sea of green and yellow grasses.
They are searching for Solanum colombianum, a wild potato relative that can be found in the northern part of South America — from Venezuela through Colombia, into southern Ecuador.
"In the distance, the first thing you spot is the color of the flower; then the arrangement of the leaves, and finally the size of the plant," says Lenin.
The collectors circle back. No Solanum colombianum in sight. We move on, parking above a small pond.
With the sun on our faces, at the edge of this picture-perfect scene, it feels like we've stepped into Eden. But as we move across the beach, clouds of mosquitoes surround us, circling our heads, manifesting their discontent at our intrusion.
The search continues; we stop at three more locations where herbarium collections had been made, back in the 60s, 70s and 90s. Still, no Solanum colombianum.
"Sometimes, it's due to site disturbance. Or inexact coordinates. Sometimes impenetrable vegetation deters us from reaching a collecting spot. Other times, it's lack of access to a private property," says Lenin.
We see deer and a quick small, brown something that hides in a hole on a nearby knoll. Dung found near the pond suggests it was a paramo rabbit, prompting the INIAP folks to assume that these critters could be the reason why we still can't find any Solanum colombianum.
Next stop: Laguna de Mongote, located in another section of the park.
Further up the mountain, out of the copilot's window, Lenin spots the S. colombianum's white tiny flowers. Just like that; reminds me of how our Italian collecting partners spotted Lathyrus tuberosus out of a moving train a couple of years back.
There they are: a population of 10 plants growing in the shade, next to the roof of a shed in a hollow. It baffles me how Lenin can identify these plants out of a moving car.
"You must trust your instincts," he tells me. "Experience refines your senses and makes it easier to locate them."
With big smiles on their faces, Alvaro and Lenin open the trunk of the truck and begin the collecting ritual. They work around each other, one complementing the actions of the other, with no need for words.
"Everything must be carried out in a detailed, systematic way," Alvaro explains. "The more information you gather, the more useful it will be for future collectors and plant breeders, who wish to know when, where, how these plants were collected."
On a side note: More recently, I joined colleagues from EMBRAPA Clima Temperado on a collecting mission in Brazil, where they too were searching for a wild potato.
Pictured here, Gustavo Heiden prepares a herbarium specimen of Solanum commersonii, found at the side of a dirt road in the southern part of Rio Grande do Sul. Behind Gustavo, thick bushes of Ulex europaeus, an invasive species, threaten the plant's natural habitat.
Back to Ecuador… and back in the truck, we continue our drive towards Laguna de Mongote. It is 13:07; a locked gate blocks our path and we are forced to head back.
The search for the elusive Solanum colombianum continues.
"These plants grow in partly disturbed ground", says Alvaro. "Waysides provide perfect conditions for them."
But among the dry, yellow and brown bushes, there is still nothing to be found.
Thus far we've driven up from Quito's 2,850 m.a.s.l. to the Park's 4,200 m.a.s.l., then down to 3,412 m.a.s.l. Along the way, we've stopped at eight different collecting spots. By the end of the day, we will have driven more than 200 kilometers, and down to 516 m.a.s.l.
14:00 — Alvaro finds a second population. There are no fruits to be found, however. No fruits means no seeds. But the collecting team takes a live specimen.
Live specimens are collected and cared for in the genebank's greenhouses until they produce seeds.
INIAP, like other partners around the world, has committed to this method of obtaining large quantities of seed to fulfill the CWR Project's targets.
"It might be easy to collect thousands of seeds from some other crop wild relatives, but when it comes to wild potatoes, it is impractical and near impossible to collect sufficient seed from the wild," says Lenin.
Leaving the park behind us, we begin the long ride down to Tena, the capital of Napo province. Hungry, and in need of rest, we stop at a thatched-roofed roadside restaurant. Along with our meals, Lenin orders a pitcher of "guayusa". "Gua-what?" I ask.
Indigenous communities from the east of the country have been drinking this "water" since the beginning of time, Lenin tells me.
"Every day, in the early mornings, and during their long walks through the jungle. It gives them energy and vitality," he adds. "It is said to also numb and repel snakes."
In the following days we will be searching for wild rice in snake-country, so as a preventive measure, I drink several cups of the transparent liquid.
Back on the road, the dry, yellow, sun-drenched landscape of Papallacta gives way to a dense humid forest, submerged in fog.
"It's a transitional zone, between the Sierra and the Amazonia," explains Lenin, "at the foothills of the Cordillera de los Guacamayos."
17:00 — We park at a lookout-slash-rest-stop and walk into the "Camino Antiguo de Jumandy" in search of Solanum andreanum, which can only be found in southern Colombia and Ecuador.
The daylight is fading fast; in single file, we follow the muddy trail, pushing further into the forest. We are inside the Reserva Ecológica Antisana.
After a 30-minute walk, the remains of a recent landslide prevent us from reaching the specific hotspot we were aiming for, where – research tells us – this wild potato should be growing.
This doesn't deter the INIAP team.
Lenin and Alvaro soon find a small population of Solanum andreanum. "Fewer than 10 plants," Lenin says. "But worth the effort."
The flowers, smaller than the S. colombianum ones, have a deep purple color to them. But this obvious difference means little to a collector.
"You have to look at the fruit and not the flowers to identify a species," Lenin tells me.
S. andreanum fruits are indeed different. More circular and smaller than those of S. colombianum, which are oval in shape and bigger by half an inch or so.
Previous to this trip, Solanun andreanum had already been collected in other regions of the Ecuadorean Sierra. "And with greater difficulty than what we've experienced here," Lenin tells me.
So why continue the search, if they'd already collected seeds from this plant? Well, explains Alvaro, collecting from various geographic locations increases the diversity of the samples within a genebank collection and that is crucial to teasing out important genetic traits during characterization and breeding.
Night finds us back at the rest-area, where, by the yellow light of a lamppost, the INIAP team finishes the collecting work.
Then, through heavy fog, we drive 60 kilometers down a winding highway, to the city of Tena, where we will be sleeping this and the next night.
After dinner, as we drive up to the motel, I ask: "So how do you guys feel?"
"Tired," says Lenin, "but very happy with today's results: three sets of samples from two different species collected in one day."
I too am tired. But looking forward to the rest of the week.
Credits &
Lenin Rosero and Alvaro Monteros, and their genebank colleagues at the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP)
In Search of the Wild Cousins of the "Batata Inglesa"
Collecting Crop Wild Relatives in Central America
The Journey of a Wild Relative
cwrdiversity.org/


Show us how tires are the real heroes behind a happy journey!
Tires are the unsung heroes of modern transportation yet they are extremely important. They protect us from the bumps on the road, cushion our rides, allow us to brake and steer safely and support our vehicles and their passengers. Tires make our vehicles more comfortable, safer and allow us to go wherever we want. That brings joy and fulfillment to our lives. Tires work tirelessly to support us through the ups and downs. Yet we take them for granted. No one talks about them. Can you highlight their role and bring them into the spotlight? Through a poster, show us how tires are the real heroes behind a happy journey, by supporting our lives and enjoyment no matter what happens on the way.


An insightful documentary on the professed HSBC whistleblower Hervé Falciani and the global controversy over banking privacy and intranational tax regulations of the last decade. In 2008, the former employee of HSBC stole over 300,000 bank accounts and distributed them to tax authorities worldwide - the biggest leak of secret bank accounts ever. Falciani's list hit the international financial sector like a bomb and changed the course of history.


Studio Mada is a team comprised of young Norwegian Architects working with a Zimbabwe School that's currently lacking the resources to provide safe buildings to teach in. They came up with the idea to crowdfund a brick press, which would enable the school to make their own high-quality mud bricks so they can build urgently needed teaching space, one brick at a time. There's less than a day left to turn your clicks into bricks for the school, so please click to read more!


The Briggs-Staub House, at 2605 Pryrtania Street, broke from Garden District tradition with its Gothic Revival style when it was built for gambler Cuthbert Bulitt in 1849. To this date, it is the neighborhood's only house in that style. Garden District Protestant Americans typically shunned Gothic Revival architecture because it reminded them of the Roman Catholicism of their Creole antagonists.
After architect James Gallier, Jr. completed the house, Bulitt refused to pay for it--popular belief has it because of a large gambling loss, and the house was subsequently sold to Charles Briggs, an English insurance executive. Briggs lived in the house at the time of the area's Irish immigration and, rather than hold African slaves, hired Irish servants, for whom he built the relatively large adjacent matching servant quarters. The interior departs from a strict Gothic breakup of rooms, making it better suited for entertaining, but Gothic detailing is prevalent both inside and out.


We're determined to stay motivated and productive during this venue-free time by getting everything ready to go – kind of like having a dormant business ready to hit 'activate' on!
We have nowhere to store anything – a special shoutout to my sister who is currently holding all of our, um, stuff (must refrain from saying 'junk') in her shed while we wait!
There's no point blowing capital before we have a really clear projection of where we need to spend!
So, instead of wasting time on inefficient work later on, I'm attempting to collate an entirely theoretical Wildflower – not in an entirely naive way where we paint the walls and scrub the ceiling while listening to a musical montage, but instead a list where we can constantly check in to see how we're going for timing, finances and task lists.