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https://orionmagazine.org:443/2013/09/a-call-to-writers/
Orion Magazine > Blog > Letters from the Field > 7 Ways to Write to the Future
7 Ways to Write to the Future
By Kathleen Dean Moore & Scott Slovic
As the true fury of global warming begins to kick in—forests flash to ashes, storms tear away coastal villages, cities swelter in record-breaking heat, drought singes the Southwest, the Arctic melts—we come face to face with the full meaning of the environmental emergency: if climate change continues unchecked, scientists tell us, the world's life-support systems will be irretrievably damaged by the time our children reach middle-age. The need for action is urgent and unprecedented.
We here issue a call to writers, who have been given the gift of powerful voices that can change the world. For the sake of all the plants and animals on the planet, for the sake of intergenerational justice, for the sake of children, we call on writers to set aside their ordinary work and step up to do the work of the moment—which is to stop the reckless and profligate fossil-fuel economy that is causing climate chaos.
That work may happen outside the academy, in the streets, in the halls of politics and power, in the new street theaters of creative disruption, all aimed at stopping industry from bringing down the systems that sustain life on earth. These efforts need the voices of writers, the genius of thought-leaders, the power of words and story.
But there is essential work to be done also in our roles as academics and writers, empowered by creative imagination, moral clarity, and the strength of true witness. Write as if your reader were dying, Annie Dillard advised. "What would you say to a dying person that would not enrage by its triviality?" Now we must write as if the planet were dying. What would you say to a planet in a spasm of extinction? What would you say to those who are paying the costs of climate change in the currency of death? Surely in a world dangerously slipping away, we need courageously and honestly to ask again the questions every author asks: Who is my audience—now, today, in this world? What is my purpose?
Some kinds of writing are morally impossible in a state of emergency: Anything written solely for tenure. Anything written solely for promotion. Any solipsistic project. Anything, in short, that isn't the most significant use of a writer's life and talents. Otherwise, how could it ever be forgiven by the ones who follow us, who will expect us finally to have escaped the narrow self-interest of our economy and our age?
Some kinds of writing will be essential. We here invite creative thought about new or renewed forms our writing can take. Perhaps some of these will include:
The drum-head pamphlet. Like Thomas Paine, writing on the head of a Revolutionary War drum, lay it out—lay out the reasons why extractive cultures must change their ways. Lay out the reasons that inspire the activists. Lay out the reasons that shame the politicians. Lay out the reasons that are a template for decision-makers.
The "broken-hearted hallelujah." Like Leonard Cohen, singing of loss and love, make clear the beauty of what we stand to lose or what we have already destroyed. Celebrate the microscopic. Celebrate the children who live in the cold doorways and shanty camps. Celebrate the swamp at the end of the road. Leave no doubt of the magnitude of their value and the enormity of the crime, which is to let them pass away unnoticed. These are elegies, these are praise songs, these are love stories.
The witness. Like Cassandra howling at the gates of Troy, bear witness to what you know to be true. Tell the truths that have been bent by skilled advertising. Tell the truths that have been concealed by adroit regulations. Tell the truths that have been denied by fear or complacency. Go to the tar fields, go to the broken pipelines. Tell that story. Be the noisy gong and clanging cymbals, and be the love.
The narrative of the moral imagination. With stories and novels and poems, take the reader inside the minds and hearts of those who live the consequences of global warming. Who are they? How do they live? What consoles them? Powerful stories teach empathy, build the power to imagine oneself into another's place, to feel others' sorrow, and so take readers outside the self-absorption that allows the destruction to continue.
The radical imaginary. Re-imagine the world. Push out the boundaries of the human imagination, too long hog-tied by mass media, to create the open space where new ideas can flourish. Maybe it is easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism or fossil fuels or terminal selfishness. But this is the work that calls us—to imagine new life-ways into existence. Writers may not be able to save the old world, but they can help create the new one.
The indictment. Like Jefferson listing the repeated injuries and usurpations, let facts be submitted to a candid world. This is the literature of outrage. How did we come to embrace an economic system that would wreck the world? What iniquity allows it to continue?
The apologia. Finally, this: write to the future. Try to explain how we could allow the devastation of the world, how we could leave those who follow us only an impoverished, stripped, and dangerously unstable time. Ask their forgiveness. This is the literature of prayer. Is it possible to write on your knees, weeping?
Kathleen Dean Moore is the co-editor of Moral Ground: Ethical Action for a Planet in Peril; Scott Slovic is the editor of ISLE: Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and the Environment.
John T on September 9, 2013
Thank you, yes, we need writers to write as much as we need climate activists to act.
Janisse Ray on September 9, 2013
Beautiful. Very well said. You two comfort & inspire me.
melanie griffin on September 10, 2013
Fantastic! Thanks for this – I may re-blog it on my site, Writing with Spirit. I often feel alone and as if I'm annoying my readers by constantly whining about climate change. Your post makes me feel hopeful that my gifts can be used to make a difference.
After 27 years banging my head against the marble walls of congress as a lobbyist for the Sierra Club, I'm working on my thesis in nonfiction writing at Johns Hopkins – you give me a road map for next steps in my life as an instrument of peace on earth. Thanks!
Daniel Corrie on September 10, 2013
Orion has its longstanding policy of refusing to read over-the-transom poetry submissions. With the population explosion of poets these days, I can empathize with how a magazine staff would fear opening the floodgates to receive overwhelming oceans of poetry submissions. Nonetheless, as an eco poet who has proven myself through having been published in very competitive magazines, who volunteered a year of my life to anti-coal activism, who carries out ecological restoration on my farm, and who has been answering this article's call-to-action for many years, I feel some cognitive disconnect that Orion is publishing this article passionately calling for a type of poetry that Orion won't read unless one of its staff or their circle knows the poet. I use myself as an example to make a larger point: can Orion truly support and represent eco poetry with this policy? In any event, I'll continue to subscribe to Orion because it's indispensible. But I pose this question which I think the editorial staff should seriously consider. Thanks.
tom pumroy on September 10, 2013
Ok, here is a bit of writing on the current state of affairs.
Capitalism has failed to provide a fair and equitable society but it has done a splendid job of encouraging the worst in human nature in order to sell itself. Yes, feel free to feed your vanity and greed there is a sucker born every minute and ripe for the picking. "Eat um up and spit them out" is our true national motto.
The predatory form of capitalism that we practice is basically the old law of the jungle where might makes right and the strong prey on the weak. Them's with the capital call the tunes and the rest of us dance to it if we know what is good for us.
In our modern jungle the most aggressive and unethical of our species rise to the top and control the show in board rooms and war rooms just as they have for thousands of years. The biggest bullies, those who are willing to be the most violent and unprincipled will always have the advantage that's how it works on planet earth and capitalism has proven to be a gold mine for them.
Despite any other lesson being brought up in this culture means being taught that money is first and foremost the bottom line and that it doesn't matter how you get it fair or foul it's all the same in the end. Money has no morality and when it is elevated to the top of a cultures system of values it naturally pulls the culture in that direction.
And now that we have become the living embodiment of our values we are beginning to see the results of our choices and it is not a pretty picture. Who could have guessed that when you make wealth and power the prime consideration of your culture it would pull everything down around it?
To be blunt when you chose to worship money you are dabbling with the root of evil and evil will seep in and corrupt every sphere of the culture it comes in contact with. Look what money has done to politics, look what money has done to the arts and sports, look what money has done with health care, look what money has done for the MIC, everywhere you look the love of money has defiled justice and common decency, its stench is pervasive.
http://tompumroy.weebly.com/
Belle Boggs on September 11, 2013
This is a beautiful, inspiring, and uncompromising post. I struggle with this question, as a writer–what should I be writing? What is the most useful thing I can research/try to understand/bring to light? (Sometimes, what I want to write is not so useful, but I promise I'm not writing for tenure.) Maybe the key is, no matter what we are working on, to connect it always to something larger. (Janisse Ray, nice to see you here! I will be reading your work with a group of high school seniors from Eastern NC for a special project next week.)
Dede Cummings on September 24, 2013
I love this post! Thank you so much. I just discovered Orion this summer while I was at Bread Loaf working on my own writing… WE must speak out as writers, I totally agree, and speak the truth, like Cassandra. Please visit us at Green Writers Press—we should collaborate! Our new book, "So Little Time," is coming out November 1st!
Erik Hoffner on September 27, 2013
Thanks, Dede, yes, let's be in touch. Reach me at ehoffner@orionmagazine.org
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Steven G. Krantz
Biographie de Steven G. Krantz
Steven G. Krantz, currently Professor and Chairman of Mathematics at Washington University in St. Louis, earned his PhD at Princeton University and has taught at UCLA, Princeton University and Pennsylvania State University. He is the recipient of the UCLA Alumni Foundation Distinguished Teaching Award, the MAA's Chauvenet Prize, the MAA Beckenbach Book Award, and the Outstanding Academic Book Award of the Current Review of Academic Libraries. He has written numerous books including: "Function Theory of Several Complex Variables," "Real Analysis and Foundations," "The Geometry of Domains in Space" (with Harold R. Parks), "Function Theory of One Complex Variable" (with Robert E. Greene), "The Implicit Function Theorem" (with Harold Parks). "Complex Analysis: The Geometric Viewpoint," and" A Panorama of Harmonic Analysis" (both for the MAA). He is also the author of over one-hundred research articles.
Livres de Steven G. Krantz

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Corporations Are Governance Mechanisms, Not Shareholder Toys
Margaret Blair
Milton Friedman's shareholder credo is simple and catchy but has shaky foundations. Corporate directors and officers are not agents of shareholders and...
Beyond Friedman's Doctrine: The True Purpose of the Business Corporation
Martin Lipton
The pandemic and the renewed focus on inequality and injustice arising in the wake of the death of George Floyd have accelerated...
Market Forces Already Address ESG Issues and the Issues Raised by Stakeholder Capitalism
Eugene F. Fama
When do market forces push firms toward stakeholder goals, rather than just shareholder goals? When do market forces push firms toward ESG...
Missing in Today's Shareholder Value Maximization Credo: The Shareholders
Luca Enriques
Today's corporate world is very different from the one Milton Friedman wrote in. In a world where the question of whether managers...
Which Problems Should Companies Try to Solve?
Sanjai Bhagat, R. Glenn Hubbard
It is true that capitalism needs to be inclusive in its benefits, but 50 years on, Friedman's shareholder primacy remains the right...
"50 Years Later, It's Time to Reassess": Raghuram Rajan on Milton Friedman and Maximizing Shareholder Value
The biggest problem with shareholder value maximization is that it completely turns a tin ear to politics. The alternative is to maximize...
It Is Time to Move on From Friedman's View of the Corporation
Stefano Zamagni
The anti-CSR position defended by Friedman would be acceptable only under conditions that have never been met by any real-world economy. Furthermore,...
Corporations Are Already Plenty Powerful. Stakeholder Capitalism Could Make Them More So
Karthik Ramanna
Encouraging corporations to further step into the role of governments and civil society groups by becoming more "socially focused" risks greater depreciation...
The Real Effects of Environmental Activist Investing
S. Lakshmi Naaraayanan, Kunal Sachdeva, Varun Sharma
A new study examines the efficacy of climate-focused investor engagements initiated by the New York City Pension System. Its findings support the...
For Whom Corporate Leaders Bargained: What the Past Can Teach Us About the Questionable Promise of Implementing Stakeholder Capitalism Today
Lucian Bebchuk, Kobi Kastiel, Roberto Tallarita
The debate about stakeholder capitalism should seek to learn from our experience with constituency statutes, which authorized corporate leaders to take into...


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The Climate
The Health
The Cybersecurity
PowerPost
After March for Our Lives, students and senators take aim at NRA
By David Weigel
March 25, 2018 at 2:30 p.m. EDT
Markell Merritt, center, a 15-year-old high school student, participates in the March for Our Lives rally in Las Vegas on Saturday. (Andrea Cornejo/Las Vegas Review-Journal/AP)
Proponents of new gun-reform measures largely had the Sunday talk shows to themselves this week, with student activists and Democratic senators dominating the conversation and one Republican senator distancing herself somewhat from the National Rifle Association.
2021 Election: Complete coverage and analysisArrowRight
The NRA, frequently attacked from the stages of March for Our Lives rallies, came up repeatedly. On "Fox News Sunday," two students were pushed into a kind of debate, with Parkland shooting survivor Cameron Kasky asked to respond to Kyle Kashuv, a fellow student who argued that march organizers had not been honest about their desire to ban "assault rifles."
"We are not trying to take away everybody's guns away, and the NRA wants people to think that," Kasky said. "They are fearmongers. They want to sell weapons by exploiting people's fears. So, the second we want to put common-sense resolutions on these assault weapons, the NRA will say they are trying to steal every single one of your guns, and people believe them. Fortunately, the majority of the American people see past this."
Delaney Tarr, another Parkland student and speaker at the march, argued that some of the momentum for new gun laws had been slowed when President Trump "had a meeting with the NRA" and "backed down" on some of what he had proposed at a meeting with members of Congress.
"To call it a coincidence seems like a bit of a stretch because to say all of these incredibly firm stances and then to immediately backpedal on them after having a meeting with the NRA?" Tarr said. "Not a long time period of difference there. It reads sketchy to me."
[How many children are affected by school gun violence in America? More than 187,000]
On CBS's "Face the Nation," Sen. Joni Ernst (R-Iowa) responded to criticism of the NRA's support for her 2014 election, saying she had "no control" over what the group did politically.
"Many outside organizations will run advertisements without the consent of candidates," she said. "I am not separating myself from the NRA. I would state that there are a lot of outside organizations that cannot coordinate with candidates or their campaigns. That's against election law. So they will do what they want to do. But I will say that I am a supporter of the Constitution, I'm a supporter of our Bill of Rights . . . simply stating 'we need to get rid of other people's rights' is not the right way forward."
On CNN's "State of the Union," Gov. John Kasich (R-Ohio) did not offer specific gun-safety proposals, but he suggested that the student protesters were right to urge change. Kasich and Ernst were the only elected Republicans to stop by the shows this weekend.
"They got to keep it up," the governor said. "If they don't keep it up, those that want no change will just sit on their hands. They will never come out and say anything. They will just try to stall, stall, stall until the steam comes out of the kettle. And the fact is, if we can keep the pressure on, we're not going to change everything overnight, but you can get significant changes. And I hope so. And if they do not bring about change, I think people should be held absolutely accountable at the ballot box."
In another segment, Sen. Tim Kaine (D-Va.) said student energy around gun reform could "turn the tide" on the issue and had loosened the NRA's grip on Republican legislators.
['Never again!' Students demand action against gun violence in nation's capital]
"The NRA leadership, funded by gun manufacturers, has basically been able to gridlock everything in Congress now for nearly decades," Kaine said. "That's why Congress has not been willing to act, even to do things that an overwhelming majority of the American public want us to do, but the activism in these young people is actually changing the equation."
The NRA was not represented on any Sunday shows, but on Saturday, it had described the March for Our Lives rallies as exploitative distractions from the need for "school safety" — something usually defined by the NRA as arming guards and teachers at schools by offering them training and funding.
"Today's protests aren't spontaneous," the NRA wrote on Facebook. "The gun-hating billionaires and Hollywood elites are manipulating and exploiting children as part of their plan to DESTROY the Second Amendment and strip us of our right to defend ourselves and our loved ones."
[The 6 most memorable speeches at the March for Our Lives in D.C.]
The reference to "Hollywood elites" highlighted some of the funding sources for the demonstrations. In the wake of the shooting at Parkland, Fla., on Feb. 14, several celebrities, including George Clooney and Steven Spielberg, had donated to help put on Saturday's events. On "Fox News Sunday," former House speaker Newt Gingrich speculated there was something mysterious about how well-planned the rallies had been.
"I think it would be fascinating to know who paid for it all," Gingrich (R-Ga.) said. "I mean, the left has this wonderful ability to mobilize, so the day after inaugural, you have the Women's March. People come in buses. Who paid for the buses? People who organize the whole process, who brought the entertainers?"
Leaders of gun-reform groups were not shy about taking credit. On ABC News's "This Week," Mark Kelly, the husband of former congresswoman Gabby Giffords (D) and co-founder of the Giffords PAC, echoed students in saying that public pressure was needed to overwhelm the NRA.
"President Trump on Tuesday was pretty good on this issue," Kelly said. "He saw the National Rifle Association in the Oval Office on Wednesday. They made it clear that this was not acceptable to them. The next day, he dialed it all back. So I'm hopeful that if we could get Congress, get the House and Senate to pass some sensible legislation, we get it to his desk, I think there's a pretty good chance he might sign it. And if it's not him, you know, we'll work on whoever the next president is."
Drew Harwell contributed to this report.


Reproductive rights activists are saying they were the target of a Nazi slur last month at a campaign event for Colorado's Republican candidate for governor.
The activists were protesting at the July 13 Walker Stapleton campaign event to raise awareness about threats to abortion rights following the recent announcement that President Trump would appoint Brett Kavanaugh to fill Justice Anthony Kennedy's seat on the U.S. Supreme Court. The event, which was hosted by the Jefferson County Republican Party, featured Stapleton and U.S. Senator Cory Gardner (R-CO).
According to five protesters, following the event, a man they had previously seen walking from the venue to his car carrying a "Walker Stapleton for Governor" yard sign drove up next to them and yelled "Sieg Heil" out the window while holding his arm outstretched in a Nazi salute.
"He was so close we could have touched the car," said Katie Farnan of the progressive activist group Indivisible Front Range Resistance.
The man, they say, then sped off in a teal Volvo.
"I was shocked, and as he drove off started to chase his car," said Justine Sandoval of NARAL Pro-Choice Colorado, who snapped photos of the vehicle but was unable to get close enough to see his license plate.
Witnesses say his "Walker Stapleton for Governor" yard sign, which they saw him carrying to the parking lot, was visible from the back seat.
They then described his appearance and clothing to an event attendee, who, the witnesses said, identified the man as Russ Haas, a member of the Jefferson County Republican Men's Club. They did not get the name of the attendee who named Haas.
The Colorado Times Recorder located the vehicle that was captured in photos taken by Sandoval following the incident in front of Haas' home address, which is listed on campaign finance documents from his 2002 run for RTD director.
Hass could not be reached for comment.
Following the incident, Sandoval asked the Jefferson County Republican Party on Facebook if that behavior is to be expected of their supporters, and, notably, they did not condemn the use of Nazi slurs at their events.
Instead, they suggested that the protesters themselves were behaving like Nazis.
The Jefferson County Republican Party appears to have deleted its responses to Sandoval from its Facebook page. The party chairman, Joe Webb, didn't return an email seeking an explanation.
Haas recently spoke at a meeting for the Jefferson County Republican Men's Club, which described him as a "political pundit and activist." Conservative politicians like Stapleton and former Colorado Republican Congressman Tom Tancredo have recently given speeches to the club as well.
Haas once served as chairman of Colorado's Republican Resolutions Committee, and currently serves as a board member of the Colorado Union of Taxpayers, which advocates "for the rights of families and individuals to keep their hard earned dollars," according to its website.
The vice president of that board, Dan Kopelman, also serves as president of the Colorado Jewish Republican Coalition. Still, he didn't have much to say about the alleged incident when asked about it by the Colorado Times Recorder.
The Stapleton campaign did not respond to emails requesting comment and asking if the candidate would condemn the behavior of white supremacists.
Stapleton has been the subject of controversy in recent months due to a family history of involvement with the Ku Klux Klan in Denver.
Stapleton has yet to condemn his great-grandfather's actions despite recent news coverage around the issue and a grassroots campaign to change the name of Denver's Stapleton neighborhood, which honors the late mayor.
This topic contains 0 replies, has 1 voice, and was last updated by Madeleine Schmidt 8 months ago.


Lawsuit originally filed by Jodie Hejuduk against Spin Master's Hatchimals was voluntarily revoked.
Spin Master recently announced the consumer class action lawsuit filed against its popular Hatchimals toy was voluntarily rescinded. Jodie Hejduk was the plantiff that filed that class action lawsuit against Spin Master Ltd.
The Hatchimals took the toy world by storm and created quite a toy craze for the holidays. The Hatchimals are plush robotic animated animals encapsulated in a toy egg. By nurturing and touching the shell, kids helped their Hatchimals hatch. Demand for the toy was incredible during Christmas and retailers across the nation sold out of the incredibly popular toy.
Consequently, Spin Master's customer support found itself hit with an overwhelming influx of phone calls related to the Hatchimals. This had resulted in a backlog of pending customer inquiries and naturally customer frustration.
Spin Master was quick to react – doubling its customer support team, adding customer service support hours, and even offering problem-solving pointers and informative videos on its website to help aid customers with hatching the toy.
The class action lawsuit reportedly initially stemmed from this customer frustration with Spin Master, the creator of the Hatchimals toy. Customers have commended Spin Master on its initiative to appropriately handle the backlog of customer inquiries in a timely manner.
According to Mark Geragos, the plantiff's lawyer, he stated that Spin Master's timely actions were successful. He added that Spin Master has replied to all remaining backlog of inquiries and provided replacements or refunds to customers.
Geragos stated that they commend Spin Master for its highly effective and proactive actions in handling the situation. Therefore, they have voluntarily rescinded their class action against Spin Master.
In related news, a couple months back we had reported news about Spin Master filing a lawsuit against a Chinese company for infringement of the Hatchimals. The new Hatchimals CollEGGtibles are expected to make Toy Buzz's annual Top Toys for Christmas list. What do you think about these new collectibles – will they be able to ever top the Shopkins?!


Asiahotels.net provides a great choice of 1 hotel in Charette-Varennes. There are 1 Popular Areas in Charette-Varennes. Please select Charette-Varennes map below to view a detailed map and available hotels accommodation in the area.


Experience exciting Nature Coast landscapes and waters, along with 3 gourmet cooked meals daily and top notch accommodations that are part of the exclusive Chaz Lodge of Chassahowitzka, Florida. Our staff and guides are professionals dedicated to creating lifetime memories and friendships. Please be aware that Chaz Lodge is located approximately three miles from the nearest roadway and accessible via boat only.


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Field Lookups
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.. highlight:: python

From `Field lookups`_

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Fields
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To find ``FileField`` which contain data::

  Documents.objects.exclude(document_file='')

.. _`Field lookups`: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/querysets/#field-lookups

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


In this paper, we propose a deformable modeling paradigm for 3D shape recovery from visual inputs such as volumetric data and 3D point clouds. The new model is capable of automatically evolving its shape to capture the geometric boundary of the data and simultaneously discover its underlying topological structure. The deformation behavior of the model is governed by partial differential equations (e.g. the weighted minimal surface flow) that are derived by the principle of variational analysis. Unlike the level-set approach, our model always has an explicit representation of geometry and topology. The regularity of the model and the stability of the numerical integration process are ensured by three mesh optimization techniques and the Laplacian tangential smoothing operator. By allowing local adaptive refinement of the mesh, the model can accurately represent fine details. The results of our extensive experiments on synthetic and real data demonstrate robustness, high reconstruction accuracy and visual quality.


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Alexsander Winton
Alexander Winton (født 20. juni 1860 - død 21. juni 1932), automobile developer and popularizer, was born in Grangemouth, Scotland, to Alexander and Helen Fea Winton. He came to the U.S. at 19, and worked in Delameter Iron Works and a marine engine shop before arriving in Cleveland in 1884. In 1891 he organized Winton Bicycle Co., manufacturing a bicycle design he patented that year. The business flourished, but within 10 years Winton left it to manufacture automobiles, completing his first motor car in 1896, incorporating WINTON MOTOR CAR CO. in 1897, and on 28 July beginning America's first reliability run, a 9-day drive to New York, stimulating investment and permitting construction of 4 more cars. The sale of one of these on 24 Mar. 1898 was the first of an American-made standard-model gasoline automobile. In 1899 Winton made a better-publicized 5-day drive to New York, boosting interest and expanding sales.
Winton continued developing new automobile models, including racing cars, but a decline in sales in the 1920s prompted Winton to liquidate that company and concentrate on Winton Gas Engine & Mfg. Co., formed in 1912 to produce marine engines (see CLEVELAND DIESEL ENGINE DIVISION OF GENERAL MOTORS CORP.). In 1913 the company produced the first American diesel engine. Winton retired after selling the firm to GM in 1930.
Married 4 times, his first was in 1883 to Jeanie Muir McGlashan (d. 1903) with whom he had six children: Helen F., James M., Agnes M. Jeanie, Cathrine, and Alexander. In 1906, he married LaBelle McGlashan (d. 1924) and they had two children: LaBelle and Clarice. In 1927 Winton married Marion Campbell (divorced 1930); and in 1930, Mary Ellen Avery. Winton died in Cleveland and was buried in LAKE VIEW CEMETERY.
Hentet fra «https://wiki.cdd.no/index.php?title=Alexsander_Winton&oldid=1135»


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Deniz Inel
Deniz Inel is a sophomore at Sage Hill School in Newport Beach, CA. She has been studying with Dr. Emily Hung since she was four years old. She has received an award from the Romantic Festival, and participates annually in the Certificate of Merit program sponsored by the Music Teachers Association of California. She has also received an Honorable Mention award from the American Protege International Piano and Strings Competition. Besides music, her hobbies include dancing, sailing, and reading. She also loves art and has had the privilege to intern at the Sakip Sabanci Art Museum in Istanbul, Turkey. Aside from the arts, she enjoys sports as well. She has participated in her school's volleyball and dance teams. She excels in academics with a 4.0 GPA, and is also very involved in philanthropy as she participates in charity clubs at her school, and has worked with numerous organizations in her community such as the Orange County and Second Harvest Food Banks, YANA Cancer Comfort, National Alliance on Mental Illness, and Operation Gratitude. She hopes to continue giving back to her community and pursue a career in entrepreneurship.


Hackers are using the anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks to create online mischief.
The latest antics targeted NBC, several government agencies and the White House.
While most of the nation will be commemorating in solemn and respectful ceremonies the 10th anniversary of the attacks on Washington and New York, hackers aren't giving authorities a rest.
On Friday, a hacker group that specializes in targeting large media outlets hijacked the NBC News Twitter account and posted bogus messages about an attack on "Ground Zero" in New York. It posted several messages saying there had been a plane crash at the site after a suspected hijacking.
Finally, the hackers decided to pull off the mask on their subterfuge and crowed, "NBCNEWS hacked by The Script Kiddies."
An NBC executeve monitoring the Twitter account saw the bogus messages and alerted Twitter, which quickly suspended the account. The FBI is investigating the incident, MSNBC reported.
The hack attack was perfectly timed to make the NBC Nightly News, where anchor Brian Williams read a statement from the company. He said the network's Twitter account had been hacked and that NBC was working to correct the situation. He also apologized for the scare "that could have been caused by such a reckless and irresponsible act."
It appears that the Twitter account, which has 130,000 followers, was compromised through a spear phishing attack. Only three people know the password to the account. One of them, NBC Social Media Director Ryan Osborn, admitted to MSNBC that he recently clicked on an attachment in an email from someone he didn't know.
Prior to the NBC attack, the Script Kiddies were known for their Fourth of July sortie this year on the Twitter account of Fox News. In that foray, they posted a series of bogus tweets announcing that President Barack Obama had been killed by an assassin.
While the Script Kiddies were doing their latest mischief, another group of Internet rogues, Team Poison, began drumming up support for a phone calling campaign on the federal government protesting U.S. foreign policy. The group has posted to the Internet the phone numbers of the White House, U.S. embassies in Libya and Afghanistan, the FBI and CIA and is exhorting its followers to call the numbers and leave the message: "Dear USA, your 9/11 is our 24/7. Sincerely. [a country that has been bombed/attacked by USA]."
The group maintained that "mass phone calls will have a huge effect on the business." That seems to be a dubious assertion, since much of the federal government is closed on Sundays so there's little business to disrupt.
Team Poison gained a measure of notoriety recently when it defaced a website operated by Research In Motion, the Canadian maker of the Blackberry smartphone. The hackers were upset that RIM agreed to cooperate with police to apprehend participants in the London riots.
The group has also been known to attack other hackers. It took down the LulzSec website, apparently because it believed members of Lulz were inferior hackers, or Script Kiddies.


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Copyright © Luzerne 3-Light Vanity Light By Brayden Studio in Vanity Lighting1 All right reserved.


text:
Q: In matlab, how to concatenate value calculated in a for loop? In matlab, if I have a code that calculates the rate of something in a for loop like this
for t=1:10
Ratek=(1/2)*(log2(1+SINR1k)+log2(1+SINR2k));
end

and each time the value of the rate differs, I want in to concatenate all the values of this rate in each loop so that after the 10th loop I have the 10 rates calculated to use them. How can I do this ?

A: I assume you want to concatenate the calculation result to a vector; you can then assign to Ratek(end+1) to append the value;
Ratek = []
for t=1:10
  Ratek(end+1) = (1/2)*(log2(1+SINR1k)+log2(1+SINR2k));
end

(assuming the real calculation gives a separate value each time instead of the static example)
As a side note, growing vectors and loops may really hurt performance if you do it frequently, so be aware of the performance implications.

A: How about this, building on @Joachim's answer:
Ratek = []
for t=1:10
    val = (1/2)*(log2(1+SINR1k)+log2(1+SINR2k));
    if ~Any(Ratek == val)
        Ratek(end+1) = val;
end

If you want to contenate as string:
num2str(Ratek)

I'm not really into MATLAB, but that's my take.

A: If your data is static and you only want do duplicate the same result 10 times, then
Ratek(1:10) = (1/2)*(log2(1 + SINR1k)+log2(1 + SINR2k));

But, that would not be of much use, so I'm going to assume that SINR1k and SINR2k are 10x1 vectors.
SINR1k = randi(10,10,1);
SINR2k = randi(10,10,1);

Now, you could do:
Ratek = zeros(10,1); %// Important to preallocate memory to avoid growing vectors inside loops

for t=1:10
   Ratek(t) = (1/2)*(log2(1 + SINR1k(t))+log2(1 + SINR2k(t)));
end

This is a much better approach than starting with an empty matrix and adding new elements to it. However, in MATLAB loops can be avoided in cases like this, so the following line will give the same result as the loop above:
Ratek = (1/2) * (log2(1 + SINR1k)+log2(1 + SINR2k));

Benchmarking:
n = 100;   %// A bit bigger datasample
SINR1k = randi(100,n,1);  %// Random numbers
SINR2k = randi(100,n,1);  %// Random numbers

%//Approach 1, growing vectors:
tic
for ii = 1:1000   %// Several runs to account for warm-up etc.
  Ratek = [];
  for t=1:n
    Ratek(end+1) = (1/2)*(log2(1+SINR1k(t))+log2(1+SINR2k(t)));
  end
end
toc
Elapsed time is 0.291688 seconds.

%// Approach 2, pre-allocation:
tic
for ii = 1:1000   %// Several runs to account for warm-up etc.
  Ratek = zeros(n,1);
  for t=1:n
    Ratek(t) = (1/2)*(log2(1+SINR1k(t))+log2(1+SINR2k(t)));
  end
end
toc
Elapsed time is 0.070791 seconds.

%// Approach 3, vectorization:
tic
for ii = 1:1000
    Ratek = (1/2)*(log2(1+SINR1k)+log2(1+SINR2k));
end
toc
Elapsed time is 0.056612 seconds.

As the benchmark results above show, preallocation makes it more than 4 times as fast whereas vectorization improves performance even more.
If you actually only want to duplicate the results:
tic
for ii = 1:1000
    Ratek(1:n) = (1/2)*(log2(4)+log2(5));
end
toc
Elapsed time is 0.010811 seconds.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Rosacea rarely clears up on its own and as previously stated, tends to worsen over time if left untreated. Many over-the-counter skin care products contain ingredients such as acids, alcohol and other irritants, that may actually worsen the condition. Because of the progressive nature of Rosacea, an early diagnosis is important. Treatments are more effective if started early. Although there's no way to eliminate rosacea altogether, signs and symptoms can be relieved and reduced. Most often this requires a combination of prescription treatments and certain self-care measures. Particular moisturizers, cleansers and sunscreens will help improve the health and appearance of your skin.
Doctors often prescribe topical antibiotics to treat rosacea, due to their anti-inflammatory properties which destroy bacteria. A common topical antibiotic prescribed is metronidazole (Metrocream, Metrogel, Noritate). Another prescription medication is azelaic acid (Azelex, Finacea), which reduces redness and inflammation.
Oral antibiotics may also be prescribed in combination to achieve noticeable results faster. In many cases, dermatologists will often prescribe both oral and topical antibiotics for this very reason, followed by long-term use of a topical antibiotic alone to maintain remission. Some of the most common prescription oral antibiotics include tetracycline, minocycline, doxycycline and erythromycin. The duration of your treatment depends on the type and severity of your symptoms, but typically you'll notice an improvement within weeks. Because symptoms may recur if you stop treatment protocol, regular treatment is often necessary.


text:
China's LeTV Unveils $4.8M Investment Plan for Hong Kong Video Market
10:17 PM PDT 6/1/2015 by Clifford Coonan
AP Images/Invision
LeTV is the biggest of the top five in China's online video market, which also includes Tencent Video, Sohu.com, Youku Tudou and iQiyi.
Chinese video content provider LeTV has announced a $4.8 billion investment plan and development blueprint for the Hong Kong video entertainment market.
The investment is expected to include the purchase of video content copyright, drama and program production, product production costs, customer service and hotline center operation, and e-commerce operation, the group said in a statement.
LeTV said the investment would "enrich its Internet entertainment platform, bringing a transformative experience to traditional TV viewers and revolutionizing the local TV industry."
Last week, LeTV said it would issue 200 million new shares to raise $1.2 billion to bankroll several new projects, including the building of an online video resource library.
The private entertainment company, whose LeVision Pictures film unit is a growing force in production, said in April that it would launch a smartphone, and would link up with directors Zhang Yimou, Tsui Hark and Zheng Xiaolong to boost its content.
LeTV has partnered with BBC and Sanlih Entertainment Television, and entered deals with suppliers such as Golden Scene, Pegasus, China Star Entertainment, Celestial Movies, Orange Sky by Golden Harvest, Fortune Star Entertainment and My Way Film.
The group is also in what it described as "keen discussions" with major Hollywood studios to purchase copyright of their films and TV dramas.
"Additionally, LeTV is currently advancing a scheme for local drama production in Hong Kong, with a plan to shoot five more Hong Kong dramas that cater to local audience preferences," the statement said.
The group cited a survey, Video program viewing habits of Hong Kong people, which was conducted in January 2015 with 401 respondents, to show that only half of the respondents watch TV or video programs during traditional "primetime," but as much as 49 percent of the respondents prefer watching videos-on-demand (VOD).
The survey also found that 53 percent of respondents prefer to watch programs-on-demand that can fit around their schedules and allow more flexibility.
In January, CEO Jia Yueting said he expected revenues to more than double in 2015. As well as entertainment and the smartphone, LeTV is also developing its smart TV business and working on an electric car.
Last year, the company was blighted by rumors of links to a high-level corruption investigation in the coal-rich province of Shanxi, which Jia seems to have shrugged off, although he admitted that an early investor was a company linked to the graft probe.
LeTV's revenues were $1.6 billion in 2014 and last year, LeVision produced The Expendables 3 and the Zhang Yimou movie Coming Home. It also has a stake in the Tiny Times franchise and is also involved in John Woo's recently launched epic, The Crossing.
LeVision has plans for "an expansive development slate" that will utilize top-flight talent from Hollywood and China to create $100 million-plus tentpoles for the global marketplace.
In October, LeVision set up an office in L.A. and said it would bankroll its Hollywood campaign with a $200 million film fund to make blockbusters.
LeVision has also picked up its first U.S. project, an epic fantasy adventure titled 8 Immortals, inspired by Chinese mythology from the writer Jeremy Breslau, the first in its plan to make China-Hollywood blockbuster co-productions.
LeVision Pictures USA plans to attach a high-profile Hollywood director and partner with a major studio for what will be an English-language Chinese-American co-production.
Clifford Coonan


Oregon Brew Crew - Portland Fruit Beer Homebrew Competition entries are due this Friday!
Portland Fruit Beer Homebrew Competition entries are due this Friday!
ENTRIES ARE DUE FRIDAY, JUNE 3rd at FH Steinbart or Burnside Brewing!


text:
Apple preps production of updated MacBook Air for a 2018 launch
By Chuong Nguyen	 August 13, 2018
A new rumor may give more support to Apple's rumored plans of launching a low-cost notebook before the year's over. Whether the Mac laptop will replace Apple's aging MacBook Air or slot in as a new member of Apple's MacBook or MacBook Pro lines isn't entirely clear at this point, but a new report from DigiTimes suggests that Quanta will be manufacturing the least-expensive notebook in Apple's laptop lineup. Manufacturing should commence in the fourth quarter, and the laptop could launch in September or October, according to MacRumors.
The timeline matches an earlier Apple product road map provided by analyst Ming-Chi Kuo, a reliable source of Apple news and rumors in the past. Apple's inexpensive laptop is expected to slot in at under $1,000, similar to what Apple charges for the MacBook Air today. Rumored features such as an update to Intel's 8th-Gen processors and a Retina display mean that this would be the most significant upgrade to the platform in many years if this laptop gets branded as a MacBook Air. The current MacBook Air relies on Intel's fifth-generation Broadwell chip architecture, so an update to an eighth-gen processor would give the new Air a major power boost.
Along with the MacBook Air, Apple is also rumored to update the rest of its Mac lineup. Apple is expected to update its MacBook, iMac, and Mac Mini this year. The company had quietly updated its MacBook Pro to Intel's eighth-generation processor earlier this year, and it announced that a newly designed Mac Pro would not be ready until next year. The MacBook Pro refresh also introduced a new third-generation keyboard using Apple's butterfly key switch. In addition to a quieter typing experience, the new keyboard also brought some under-the-hood design changes to help prevent some of the widely reported keyboard problems experienced by owners of previous generation laptop models.
Earlier reports indicate that Apple could launch its new smartphone models in September and reserve its computing products for an October event. Apple could also choose to quietly launch its refreshed Mac lineup without a media event, similar to how it debuted the new MacBook Pro laptops.
Microsoft Surface Laptop 5: Everything we know so far


Child support is a good thing. However, it is being used more and more as a weapon against the non-custodial parent rather than for the support of the child. Custodial parents have at their disposal free legal counsel who will not only pursue child support, but enforce it. At this point, the courts do not care, nor are interested in whether or not: 1. the custodial parent does not allow the non-custodial parent to visit, phone or even send cards and letters. 2. that the non-custodial parent doesn't have the funds to hire an attorney to fight for their parental rights. 3. that the non-custodial parent cannot afford the child support and will go to jail, have their license revoked and continue to fall behind in their payments. Many hard-working non-custodial parents are in jail, have lost their license; and for those who can and do pay their support, they are not allowed to see their child without expensive legal representation. Representation is free to a custodial parent. The laws should be changed so that the same representation is available to the non-custodial parent, so that the non-custodial parent is given reasonable visitation, phone call, and the right to contact their child/children. These laws have to change. If you agree, please take the time to sign the petition. Thank you.
Please consider making a small donation today. This will allow us to keep Ask to change child support laws alive and available to a wide audience.


Plastic Pallets in Australia: Why Buy Plastic Pallets and Not Hire?
Why Buy Plastic Pallets and Not Hire?
Many companies in Australia use hired pallets to move their products. However, recently there has been some big news related to a large pallet hire company, which seem to raise the question: is hiring pallets the best way to go?
To answer this question, we interviewed an expert in the materials handling and pallet field, Plastic2go managing director Mr. Avi Meirovitz. Mr. Meirovitz has extensive experience in many industries and has agreed to share some of it with us.
Q: Mr. Meirovitz, thank you for talking to us. Do you think that pallet hire is a smart decision for Australian companies?
A: In some cases, it is, but not in every case. You see, pallet hiring is based on a daily rate. This rate appears to be very low - just a few cents per pallet - so companies consider it a small expense and go for it.
Q: Are you saying this is not really the case?
A: Well, that depends on how long you need the hired pallets for. If you need them for a year or two, hiring makes sense, but if you have a regular fleet of pallets, which you use over and over, after 3 years (and sometimes less), you have paid the full cost of the pallet, plus financing, and now it is starting to cost you more.
Q: What about pallet maintenance? Don't you get some benefit out of that by hiring your pallets?
A: No. Actually, it is quite the opposite. When a pallet is damaged and needs to be replaced, the hiring company will charge you for the pallet, because it belongs to THEM. So, in addition to paying the hiring charges, you incur the costs of any breakages.
Q: So what might be a better way for companies using many pallets on a regular basis?
A: A much better way would be to use plastic pallets, especially nestable plastic pallets. This is because they last a lot longer than the hired timber pallets, they are much lighter and can be handled manually in some cases, they are smooth and pose none of the risks of timber pallets, such as splinters and nails, and they save up to 80% of the storage space when they are not loaded by nesting.
For some applications, such as beverages and pharmaceuticals, where it is important to keep the pallets clean, plastic pallets are the only solution, because they can be steam cleaned.
In essence, plastic pallets are ideal for "closed-loop" systems.
Q: What about the risks associated with an upfront purchase and the accounting benefits of expensing the hire costs?
A: Well, asset purchases can be converted into an operating lease, which effectively turns the purchase into a type of hire. Now, if you have read any of the recent news related to hiring companies, surely you would see that hiring pallets (or crates or bulk containers, for that matter) from another company is risky business. I think that buying your own plastic pallets is by far more economical, safer and smarter than hiring.
Q: Thank you so much for your input, Mr. Meirovitz. I think this gives a really clear picture of hiring vs. buying of pallets.
A: My pleasure. I believe Australia is moving in the right direction with respect to pallets, and I can already see the smart companies out there buying plastic pallets, which is great.
Plastic2go is an Australian supplier of plastic pallets.
Thanks for the Q and A post, anytime your dealing with transporting bulk items it can be hard to decide what to use. This helps.
What to Do About the Brambles/CHEP Results?
Plastic2go is an international manufacturer, wholesales, distributor and consultant in the plastic industry. Plastic2go's head office is in Brisbane, Australia.
Plastic2go offers a wide range of new and used plastic pallets, crates and bulk containers (pallecons) for the building, mining, main roads, packaging and equestrian industries. We manufacture, distribute and sell plastic pallets, crates and bulk containers (pallecons) in all standards and for every purpose - Australian, ISO, Euro, Export (best for container freight) as well as special plastic pallets, crates and bulk containers, such as drum pallets.


text:
USS Lorain (PF-97) was a United States Navy  authorized for construction during World War II but cancelled before construction could begin.

Lorain originally was authorized as a patrol gunboat named USS Vallejo with the hull number PG-205, but she was redesignated as a patrol frigate with the hull number PF-97 on 15 April 1943.  She was renamed USS Lorain on 19 November 1943.

Plans called for Lorain to be built under a Maritime Commission contract by the American Shipbuilding Company at Lorain, Ohio, as a Maritime Commission Type T. S2-S2-AQ1 hull. However, the contract for her construction for the U.S. Navy was cancelled on 11 February 1944 prior to the laying of her keel.

On 7 February 1944, four days before Lorains cancellation, her incomplete sister ship, the Tacoma-class patrol frigate USS Roanoke (PF-93) was renamed USS Lorain (PF-93).

References

 NavSource Online Frigate (PF) Index

Tacoma-class frigates
Cancelled ships of the United States Navy
Lorain, Ohio

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This country-specific Q&A provides an overview to lending and secured finance laws and regulations that may occur in Jersey.
Foreign lenders which do not lend from within Jersey are not required to be licensed, qualified or otherwise entitled to carry on business in Jersey to be able to lend money or take the benefit of security over assets located in Jersey.
There is no need to obtain regulatory approval to take or enforce security over Jersey assets unless security is taken over shares in a regulated entity, in which case the prior approval of the Jersey Financial Services Commission would be required.
A person carrying on a financial services business in or from within Jersey, and a Jersey body corporate or other legal person registered in Jersey carrying on a financial services business anywhere in the world is required to register as a specified Schedule 2 business, under the Proceeds of Crime (Supervisory Bodies) (Jersey) Law 2008.
Under the Proceeds of Crime (Jersey) Law 1999, lending money to third parties constitutes carrying on financial services business. Consequently, a foreign lender operating in, or from within Jersey, and a Jersey company or other legal person registered in Jersey which lends money anywhere in the world, is required to register as a specified Schedule 2 business under the Proceeds of Crime (Supervisory Bodies) Jersey Law 2008.
There is no statutory cap on the level of interest which may be charged in Jersey. The Jersey courts however retain a discretion to reduce the charging of contractual interest to a rate which is moderate or reasonable on public policy grounds.
In addition, as noted in question 24 below, if a borrower were to become insolvent, it is possible that a loan agreement could be set aside, or the interest payable reduced, if the transaction were held to be an extortionate credit transaction.
There is no exchange control legislation or regulation in Jersey.
Land. Security over Jersey immovable property (land but also leases of a term exceeding 9 years where the landlord consents to the lease being hypothecated and 'flying freehold') will be created pursuant to a hypothec. A hypothec is a supporting right available to secure a debt where title of the real estate remains with the debtor. The hypothecary creditor enjoys rights in priority to the other creditors of that debtor in respect of that real estate which has been hypothecated. There are various forms of hypothec but a lender will invariably seek to register a judicial hypothec at the Public Registry in Jersey.
It is not possible to hypothecate the interest of a joint owner (although an owner in common can secure their individual share).
The hypothec must relate to a particular liability and the 'billet' or acknowledgment will refer to that liability. The hypothec must be created for a specific sum and stamp duty is payable on registration.
Some real property in Jersey that are split into flats with different ownership is owned by property holding companies. Security over the individual flats will be created by taking security over the shares in the property holding company which owns such property rather than by way of a hypothec over the property.
An 'opposition', although not a hypothec, is another potential way to safeguard the position of creditors. A creditor can 'oppose' the passing of a conveyance by a debtor if the debtor is intending to sell the land. A creditor can 'oppose' if he has asked the debtor to repay or provide adequate security for the debt, is acting in good faith and is not abusing his right to oppose the passing of the contract of sale. An opposition is obtained by application to the Bailiff in Chambers.
Plant and machinery; equipment; inventory. Plant and machinery, equipment and inventory classed as tangible movable property can only be dealt with by way of a pledge. Under Jersey law, property can only be pledged if there has been actual physical delivery, rather than constructive delivery, of the property to the creditor.
Jersey law does not have a concept of a floating charge.
Receivables. Security can be created over contractual rights arising under Jersey law governed contracts (including Jersey law lease agreements) by way of description with security attaching when a security agreement in writing signed by or on behalf of the grantor contains a description of the collateral sufficient to enable it to be identified.
b)	description – security attaches when a security agreement in writing signed on or behalf of the grantor contains a description of the collateral sufficient to enable it to be identified.
Where the intermediary and the secured party are the same legal entity, no further steps are required to create or perfect security by control over the relevant custody account.
See comments below in relation to formalities necessary to perfect security by way of registration of contractual rights generally.
c)	description – security attached when a security agreement in writing signed by or on behalf of the grantor contains a description of the collateral sufficient to enable it to be identified.
See comments below in relation to formalities necessary to perfect security over shares.
Foreign Law Security Document. A foreign law security agreement over Jersey assets would unlikely be enforceable in Jersey due to, amongst other things, the lack of compliance with formal validity requirements.
A judicial hypothec will secure all of the immovable property of a hypothecary debtor but such a hypothec must relate to a particular liability and the 'billet' or acknowledgment will refer to that liability. The hypothec must be created for a specific sum. The hypothec will only secure the property owned at the date of registration and not any future property.
ii.	the security agreement contains a description of the asset sufficient to enable it to be identified.
d)	a person who acquires the collateral for value will take free of the security interest, unless such security interest was created or provided for by a transaction to which that person was a party.
A security agreement may be expressed as securing all present and future obligations under specific finance document or as securing all monies owed at any time to the lender. SIL makes it clear that the making of further advances can be envisaged in a security agreement and that a security interest is not extinguished by repayment of a current advance and a redraw. Further, the priority given to the security is the same for all advances.
Unlike in other jurisdictions, it is not possible under Jersey law to take security over all assets and undertaking of a company in one single agreement.
The methods of creating security over Jersey real property and tangible movable property are described in question 4 above.
In the case of Jersey intangible movable property, under SIL it is possible to take security over various classes of asset in one security agreement. SIL envisages that enforcement powers may be exercised more than once and in respect of all or part of the collateral secured.
There are no particular documentary or execution requirements in Jersey.
Land. The 'billet' acknowledging the debt is lodged with the Registry of Deeds and registered in the Public Registry of Jersey on a Friday and once recorded in the Public Registry is enforceable against the real estate of the debtor over which it is secured. The form of an acknowledgement of indebtedness is prescribed in the Jersey Royal Court rules. A judicial hypothec needs to be re-registered to remain effective against third parties before the elapse of 30 years from its creation.
It is possible for a creditor to hold an unregistered 'billet' signed by the debtor with an authority to register it but a third party purchaser of the property will take free of that debt as it is not secured until it is registered.
Intangible Movable Property. Under the SIL, registration is critical for collateral where the security interest cannot be perfected by way of possession or control, for example, a security interest over contractual rights.
b)	ensuring perfection of security over the proceeds of collateral.
Registration of a security interest may not be possible for every transaction either as a matter of law or following a commercial agreement between the parties.
The Security Interests (Registration and Miscellaneous Provisions) (Jersey) Order 2013 provides that it is not possible to register a security interest over property of a trust other than a Jersey property unit trust.
filing of change demand - £25.
Stamp duty is payable when a lender registers any hypothec. It is calculated at a rate of 0.5% of the amount of the debt secured over the property in favour of the lender plus the registration fee (currently £80). Stamp duty must be paid in full before the required charge document can be registered at the Jersey Public Registry.
Land transaction tax (LTT) is payable when a lender takes security over a share transfer property situated in Jersey and is calculated at a rate of 0.5% of the amount of the debt to be secured. LTT only applies to residential property or those companies whose articles confer rights of occupation to their shareholders.
All costs associated with a transaction, for example, registration fees and stamp duty costs are reimbursed by the principal debtor to the lender in the usual manner under the terms of the specific security agreement or more likely the underlying facility agreement.
Yes, a company may guarantee the obligations of another group company and this is a common feature of cross border transactions involving Jersey companies.
Whilst a Jersey company under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 (the CJL) has unlimited corporate capacity, counsel acting for a lender should review the constitutional documents of the guarantor company to ensure that there are no limits on the authority of the director to enter into the guarantee.
Corporate Benefit. Corporate Benefit. The directors of a Jersey company granting a guarantee must be satisfied that the granting of the guarantee does not give rise to corporate benefit issues and the entry into the guarantee is in the best interests of the company. If there is no discernible corporate benefit to the company, shareholder approval or ratification should be obtained in accordance with the CJL.
Droit de Division and Droit de Discussion. Any guarantee entered into by a Jersey company should include express wording waiving two Jersey customary law procedural rights known as the droit de division and the droit de discussion. These rights may qualify the enforceability of the guarantee against the guarantor. Under the droit de division, a co-obligor may require the joint obligations of the various co-obligors to be divided equally so that they become several obligations only of each co-obligor. Under the droit de discussion, a guarantor may require the creditor to exhaust its remedies against the principal debtor (the person whose obligations have been guaranteed) before seeking recourse from the guarantor.
Distribution. Where a Jersey company provides a guarantee in respect of the obligations of its parent, consideration would be given as to whether such a guarantee could be deemed a distribution. Under the CJL, a distribution includes a distribution of any assets of a company to its members. Should the entry into a guarantee be deemed to be a distribution, certain requirements of the CJL will need to be complied with.
Financial Assistance. Financial assistance has been abolished in Jersey. The directors of a Jersey company granting a guarantee must be satisfied that the granting of the guarantee does not give rise to corporate benefit issues and the entry into the guarantee is in the best interests of the company. If there is no discernible corporate benefit to the company, shareholder approval or ratification should be obtained in accordance with the CJL.
Financial Assistance. Financial assistance has been abolished in Jersey.
No, subject to our comments above.
The concept of agency and relationships of trust are recognised under Jersey law. Accordingly, agents or trustees can hold security on the behalf of a syndicate. With reference to the facility agreement (or other related agreement, such as an inter-creditor agreement), a security trustee or agent may enforce the syndicate's rights under the loan documentation and apply any enforcement proceeds to the claims of all lenders in the syndicate.
This is not applicable, see our comments above.
Any income of a foreign lender will not become taxable in Jersey solely because of a loan to or guarantee and/or grant of security from a Jersey company and a lender is not nor will it be deemed to be resident, domiciled or carrying on business in Jersey by reason only of the execution, performance and/or enforcement of a loan agreement, guarantee or security agreement.
No. As an offshore international finance centre, Jersey does not offer tax incentives to foreign lenders lending into Jersey.
Jersey is an offshore international finance centre which has been at the forefront of the global finance industry for over 50 years. Jersey is economically stable, politically independent and tax neutral with a sophisticated legal, regulatory and technological infrastructure. It has recently (12 March 2019) been formally confirmed by the EU Finance Ministers (ECOFIN) as a cooperative jurisdiction following an extended period of screening.
Jersey has evolved into one of the best regulated international finance centres and has been acknowledged by independent assessments from some of the world's leading bodies, including the World Bank and IMF, as well as scoring top marks from the OECD on tax transparency. Jersey was also subject to a Mutual Evaluation by MONEYVAL in 2016 and found to be 'compliant' or 'largely compliant', with 48 out of 49 of the FATF Recommendations, the highest score amongst all states assessed.
The express choice of governing law to govern the terms of an agreement entered into by a Jersey company will be upheld as a valid choice of law and will, accordingly, be applied by the Jersey courts if that agreement or any contractual claims thereunder come under their jurisdiction and (if a foreign law is chosen) upon proof of the relevant provisions of that law, provided that the express choice of governing law is bona fide and not made with any intention to evade the laws of the jurisdiction with which the transaction under that agreement has the closest and most real connection.
Reciprocal Jurisdictions. A final and conclusive judgment under which a sum of money is payable (not being a sum payable in respect of taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or penalty) obtained against a Jersey company in the relevant courts of England and Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Guernsey and the Isle of Man having jurisdiction in a case against a Jersey company would be recognised as a valid judgment by the Jersey courts and would be enforceable in accordance with and subject to the provisions of the Judgments (Reciprocal Enforcement) (Jersey) Law 1960 without re-examination on the merits. The creditor of such a judgment must apply to have it enforced in Jersey within 6 years from the date the decision is handed down or the date of the judgment on the last appeal.
Non-Reciprocal Jurisdictions. The Jersey courts would recognise any final and conclusive judgment under which a sum of money is payable (not being a sum payable in respect of taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or other penalty) obtained against a Jersey company in the courts of a non-reciprocal jurisdiction such as New York if that court had jurisdiction in accordance with the principles of private international law as applied by Jersey law (which are broadly similar to the principles accepted under English law) and such judgment would be sufficient to form the basis of proceedings in the Jersey Courts for a claim for liquidated damages in the amount of such judgment. ln such proceedings, the Jersey Courts would not re-hear the case on its merits save in accordance with such principles of private international law.
If a judgment from the court of a non-reciprocal jurisdiction (Foreign Court) is obtained, the creditor must commence an action before the Royal Court of Jersey. Recognition and enforcement of such a judgment by a Jersey court would be conditional upon, amongst other things, that Foreign Court having jurisdiction over the original proceedings and that judgment not having been obtained by fraud.
Arbitration. A foreign arbitration award to which the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbital Awards adopted by the United Nations Conference on International Commercial Arbitration on 10 June 1958 applies shall, subject to the provisions of the Arbitration (Amendment) (Jersey) Law 1999, be enforceable in Jersey either by action or leave of the court.
b)	a désastre under the Bankruptcy (Désastre) (Jersey) Law 1990 (the Désastre Law). This may be commenced on application to the Royal Court by a creditor owed a liquidated sum of not less than £3,000, the Jersey company itself or, in some circumstances, the Jersey Financial Services Commission. If a creditors' winding up has already commenced when a declaration of désastre is made, the winding up terminates.
The CJL also contains provisions relating to just and equitable winding up and schemes of arrangement.
On a creditors' winding up, liquidators are appointed, usually by the creditors. The liquidators will stand in the shoes of the directors and administer the winding up, gather in assets, settle claims and distribute assets as appropriate. After the commencement of the winding up, no action can be taken or continued against the Jersey company except with the leave of court. This does not prevent secured creditors enforcing their pre-existing security against the property of the Jersey company. The corporate state and capacity of the company continues until the end of the winding up procedure, when the company is dissolved.
On a declaration of désastre, title of all property of the debtor (whether located in Jersey or elsewhere) vests automatically in the Viscount, an official of the Royal Court of Jersey. From the date of declaration, a creditor has no other remedy against the property or person of the debtor, and may not commence or continue any legal proceedings to recover the debt. This does not prevent secured creditors enforcing their pre-existing rights against the property now vested in the Viscount, as the Viscount takes the property of the debtor subject to security.
Shares of a company which is subject to a creditors' winding up or a désastre may not be transferred without the consent of the liquidators or the Viscount, as the case may be. As noted above, this does not apply to a creditor with a perfected security interest over the shares created under SIL from enforcing its security.
The liquidators, on a creditors' winding up, may exercise all powers of the Jersey company as may be required for its winding up. The liquidators also have express powers to pay its debts.
The Viscount, on a désastre, has wide powers to sell all or part of the debtor's property, carry on the business of the debtor as far as is necessary for its beneficial disposal, pay debts, enter into compromises and arrangements with creditors, and exercise any authority and power in respect of the debtor's property which the debtor could otherwise have exercised.
The liquidators or the Viscount may apply to the Royal Court of Jersey for, amongst other things, an order that the directors of the Jersey company be personally responsible for the debts and liabilities of the Jersey company on the grounds of wrongful trading.
d)	payment of all proved debts.
The vast majority of Jersey companies carry on business outside Jersey, so paragraphs b) and c) above will not usually apply.
If a debtor owns property in Jersey, orders can be sought one month following the issue of an unsatisfied court judgment for an Acte Vicomte charge d'ecrire. Following this act of the Jersey court, if the judgment is not satisfied within a further two months, the debtor's property will be deemed to have been renounced. At that time, a creditor can seek orders for a degrevement (immovable property) and realisation (movable property).
In a degrevement the real estate of the debtor is offered firstly to its unsecured creditors and then to its secured creditors (those who hold a judicial or conventional hypothec registered against its immovable property in Jersey) in reverse order of the creation of the hypothecs but subject to the interests of the holders of the prior hypothecs.
If a debtor who owns immovable property in Jersey is declared en desastre (another form of Jersey insolvency) title to that property vests automatically in the Viscount who will then realise the assets of the debtor. The holder of a registered hypothec will be secured and will be entitled to be repaid from the realisation.
In the case of intangible movable property, the SIL provides that the grantor of the security becoming bankrupt (as a matter of Jersey law) or the grantor or its property becoming subject, whether in Jersey or elsewhere, to any other insolvency proceedings, will not affect the power of the secured party to appropriate or sell, or otherwise act in relation to, collateral under the SIL.
However, the SIL provides that where the grantor is bankrupt, the security interest is void against the Viscount (an insolvency practitioner in Jersey) or liquidator and the grantor's creditors unless the security interest is perfected before the grantor becomes bankrupt. A perfected security interest could nonetheless be challenged as a transaction at an undervalue or preference under insolvency legislation or other grounds.
c)	finally the grantor (or, in the case of the grantor's insolvency, the relevant official).
provided that the Jersey company was insolvent when it entered into the transaction or became insolvent as a result of the transaction, save for where the transaction was entered into with a person connected with the Jersey company or with an associate of the Jersey company, in which case, unless the relevant person or associate can prove that the Jersey company was not insolvent or did not become insolvent as a result of the transaction, the requirement that the Jersey company was insolvent at the time of the transaction or became insolvent as a result of the transaction need not be met.
ii.	for a "cause" the value of which, in money or money's worth, is significantly less than the value, in money or money's worth, of the "cause" provided by the Jersey company.
The Jersey Courts shall not make any order in respect of a transaction at an undervalue if it is satisfied that the Jersey company entered into the transaction in good faith for the purpose of carrying on its business and that, at the time it entered into the transaction, there were reasonable grounds for believing that the transaction would be of benefit to the Jersey company.
that has the effect of putting the person into a position which, in the event of the winding up of the Jersey company or its property being declared en désastre will be better than the position he or she would have been in if that thing had not been done.
The Jersey Courts may not make an order in respect of a preference given to any person unless the Jersey company, when giving the preference, was influenced in deciding to give it by a desire to prefer that person. If the Jersey company gave a preference to a person who was, at the time the preference was given, an associate of or connected with the Jersey company (otherwise than by reason only of being the Jersey company's employee) the Jersey company shall be presumed, unless the contrary is shown, to have been influenced in deciding to give the preference by the desire referred to above.
Extortionate Credit Transactions. The Jersey Courts may, upon application to it in the course of a creditors' winding up or désastre proceedings in respect of a Jersey company, set aside, vary or otherwise make such order as it thinks fit in relation to any extortionate credit transaction entered into in the period of three years ending with the date of the commencement of the creditors' winding up or the declaration of désastre. The CJL and the Bankruptcy (Désastre) (Jersey) Law 1990 provides that a transaction is extortionate if, having regard to the risk accepted by the person providing the credit, the terms of it are or were such as to require grossly exorbitant payments to be made in respect of the provision of credit or it otherwise grossly contravened ordinary principles of fair trading.
Disclaimer of Onerous Property. Within six months of the commencement of a creditors' winding-up of a Jersey company or the making of a declaration of désastre in relation to its property, the liquidator or the Viscount (as the case may be) has the power to disclaim any onerous movable property (and onerous immovable property situate outside the Island or any contract lease).
Jersey law provides for contractual and non contractual set off.
Contractual Set Off. The Bankruptcy (Netting, Contractual Subordination and Non-Petition Provisions) (Jersey) Law 2005 (the 2005 Law) provides that despite any enactment or rule of law to the contrary, any set off provision in a finance document is enforceable in accordance with its terms against a Jersey company despite the bankruptcy (which will include any procedure analogous to bankruptcy (as defined in Article 8 of the Interpretation (Jersey) Law 1954) or any similar procedure under any applicable law) of a party to the agreement or of any other person, or the lack of mutuality of obligations between a party to the agreement and any other person.
Non Contractual Set Off. Prior to the insolvency of a party to any finance documents, Jersey customary law contains the concept of compensation, being a non contractual set off. For compensation to be available, the debts must be certain and due which will not be the case if a debt is not admitted or not capable of being readily proved without material litigation.
In the case of the insolvency of a party to any finance documents (where that insolvency is one in respect of which the Jersey courts have jurisdiction), the issue of set off will be determined in accordance with the Bankruptcy(Désastre) (Jersey) Law 1990 which requires that, where there have been mutual credits, mutual debts or other mutual dealings between the debtor and a creditor, an account shall be taken of what is due from one party to the other as at the date of the declaration of désastre in respect of such mutual dealings, and that the sum due from one party shall be set off against any sum due from the other party and that the balance shall be claimed or paid on either side respectively.
Netting. The 2005 Law provides that despite any enactment or rule of law to the contrary, any close out netting provision in a finance document is enforceable in accordance with its terms against a Jersey company despite the bankruptcy (which will include any procedure analogous to bankruptcy (as defined in Article 8 of the Interpretation (Jersey) Law 1954) or any similar procedure under any applicable law) of a party to the agreement or of any other person, or the lack of mutuality of obligations between a party to the agreement and any other person.
It should be noted that none of the provisions of the 2005 Law referred to in this paragraph will affect the application of any enactment or rule of law that renders a set off provision or close out netting provision unenforceable on the grounds of fraud or misrepresentation or the enforceability of any provision of an agreement that provides that a set off provision or close out netting provision shall be void in the event of fraud or misrepresentation.
Where (a) a foreign creditor held valid security which it enforced, and (b) the value of its debt is in excess of the enforcement proceeds, it is entitled to claim in désastre proceedings for the balance. Enforcement of Jersey security is comparatively rare and we are not aware of any particular issues arising.
The SIL which came into force on 2 January 2014 brought about wholesale changes to the way security is created in respect of intangible movable property in Jersey. Jersey continues to develop its products for use globally and the extension of the SIL regime to tangible movables remains a matter which is under consideration.
Lending from Jersey banks tends to be limited to transactions involving local real estate or local businesses or in the context of private banking to global high net worth individuals.
A significant value of lending involves foreign financial institutions lending to Jersey corporate vehicles which hold foreign real estate assets. Such lending takes the form of bank debt arrangements from traditional financial institutions. Whilst alternative investment providers (usually in the context of a mezzanine lender) operate in providing debt to such corporate structures, the large majority of the lenders remain the traditional blue chip financial institutions.
The fund finance sector in Jersey continues to grow with local banks participating both in club and bilateral transactions to Jersey domiciled funds. These bridge facilities can range in size from £10 million to £250 million.
Listings on The International Stock Exchange of public and more specialist debt securities remain popular as do the use of Jersey corporates as issuers for high yield and corporate bonds.


A new study has discovered that a compound used in aspirin binds to the enzyme GAPDH to halt the accumulative cell death that occurs in a range of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases.
The news comes just months after the same team discovered that the multi-tasking aspirin ingredient – salicylic acid – targets a protein coding gene called HMGB1 that's associated with a range of diseases such as arthritis, lupus, sepsis, and different types of cancer. In other words, the world's hardest working painkiller now offers up the potential for all kinds of new treatments that address the worst effects of inflammation and oxidative stress.
"A better understanding of how salicylic acid and its derivatives regulate the activities of GAPDH and HMGB1, coupled with the discovery of much more potent synthetic and natural derivatives of salicylic acid, provide great promise for the development of new and better salicylic acid-based treatments of a wide variety of prevalent, devastating diseases," said lead researcher Daniel Klessig from Cornell University.
GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) is primarily responsible for regulating how the body metabolises glucose, but Klessig and his team discovered that it also appears to play a number of different roles within the cell. Klessig has spent years observing how salicylic acid – the primary breakdown product of aspirin – regulates immune systems in plants, but decided to test it out on a bunch of human proteins to see which ones would respond.
The researchers discovered that when neurons in the brain experience oxidative stress – when the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (free radicals) and antioxidant defences is thrown out of whack – GAPDH moves into the nucleus to increase protein turnover, and this then leads to cell death.
But when they tested the effects of salicylic acid on GAPDH, they watched as the two became bound together. This meant GAPDH could no longer pass into the nucleus of brain's neurons.
The team is now continuing their investigation into the potential of salicylic acid as a wide-ranging treatment option. They say a derivative of salicylic acid that can be extracted from a variety of Chinese liquorice plant and a synthetic version both appear to bind more tightly to GAPDH than the pure version, so that's where they're going to be focussing their future research efforts.


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The hypothalamus is the region of the brain in charge of the maintenance of the internal milieu of the organism. It is also essential to orchestrate reproductive, parental, aggressive-defensive, and other social behaviors, and for the expression of emotions. Due to the structural complexity of the hypothalamus, however, many basic aspects of its ontogenesis are still mysterious. Nowadays we assist to a renewal of interest spurred in part by the growing realization that prenatal and early postnatal influences on the hypothalamus could entail pathological conditions later in life. Intriguing questions for the future include: do early specification phenomena reflect on adult hypothalamic function and possibly on some kinds of behavior? Can early events like specification, migration or formation of nuclei influence adult hypothalamic function? A change in morphological paradigm, from earlier columnar interpretations to neuromeric ones, is taking place. Concepts long taken for granted start to be challenged in view of advances in developmental and comparative neurobiology, and notably also in the molecular characterization of hypothalamic structures. How should we understand the position of the hypothalamus in relation to other brain regions? Should we bundle it together with the thalamus, a functionally, genetically and developmentally very different structure? Does the classic concept of "diencephalon" make sense, or should the hypothalamus be separated? Does the preoptic area belong to the hypothalamus or the telencephalon? The answer to these questions in the context of recent causal molecular analysis will help to understand hypothalamic evolution and morphogenesis as well as its adult function and connectivity. In this Research Topic we have reviewed the fundamentals of hypothalamic ontogenesis and evolution, summarizing present-day knowledge, taking stock of the latest advances, and anticipating future challenges.
This cutting-edge, interdisciplinary volume describes established and state of the art approaches for exploring the pathways that influence and control appetite, including: behavioural, electrophysiological, neuroanatomical, gene knockout and pharmacological techniques. The book presents key peptide and neurotransmitter systems, together with newly emerging concepts of metabolic signalling and hypothalamic inflammation. The impact of early life experience on neuroendocrine appetite circuits is also looked at, including early programming of these circuits by circulating hormones. Finally, new emerging therapeutic approaches to appetite suppression are discussed, including those linked to bariatric (weight loss) surgery. Neuroendocrinology of Appetite is especially focused on established and emerging technologies and approaches for investigating appetite control. It is written so as to provide an overview of sufficient depth for an undergraduate or new scientist in the field to come up to speed in the complementary approaches used by researchers in this field. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the book aims to appeal to all those with a basic, clinical or therapeutic interest in research into obesity and eating disorders.