South African universities have been affected by the biggest student protests to hit the country since apartheid ended in 1994.
South Africa's president has warned that the protests, which have caused about $44m (£34m) in damage to property in the last few weeks, could threaten to sabotage the country's entire higher education system.
In 2015, proposed tuition fee hikes of between 10% and 12% sparked protests.
The demonstrations began last October at Johannesburg's University of the Witwatersrand when students blocked the entrance to the university campus, following indications that the institution would raise fees by 10.5% for 2016.
The demonstrations, under the banner #FeesMustFall, led to the closure of some of the country's top universities – and President Zuma ordered a freeze on tuition fees for a year.
But protests erupted again last month after a government proposal to raise tuition fees by up to 8% in 2017.
They are now demanding free education for all students.
Many black students say they come from poor families, and fee increases will rob them of the opportunity to continue studying.
Students say the fee hikes amount to discrimination in a country where the average income of black families is far less than that of white families.
They want free education for everyone, starting with the poor and "missing middle"- those whose parents have jobs but don't make enough to afford tertiary education.
Extreme income inequality remains a persistently stubborn problem more than two decades after the end of apartheid in 1994.
Correspondents say the protests show growing disillusionment with the governing African National Congress (ANC), which took power after 1994, over high levels of poverty, unemployment and corruption in government.
The students want the opportunities promised when apartheid ended.
How are university fees determined?
Annual increases in student fees differ between universities as fees are determined by institutions. Fees also vary across degree programs.
Universities have three main sources of income: Government subsidies, student fees and private sources. The number and financial background of students influence individual university subsidies.
While government funding for higher education has increased by nearly 70% since 2001, according to news organisation Ground Up, student enrolment numbers have also increased leading to a decrease in the subsidy per student.
In addition South African institutions want to provide a "world class" education and argue that they battle to maintain standards amid financial constraints.
Why did the protests spread?
The proposed fee increases are not exceptional in comparison to usual annual increases, which are often between around 7% and 14%. While there have been protests about fees at individual universities in previous years, the national scale of these protests over the last 12 months has been unprecedented.
It seems impossible to separate the protests from demonstrations earlier in 2015 around a lack of transformation at South African universities more than two decades after the end of white-minority rule.
A move to "decolonise" higher education was sparked when politics student Chumani Maxwele emptied a bucket of excrement over the statue of British imperialist Cecil John Rhodes at the University of Cape Town's (UCT) campus in March 2015.
The statue was eventually removed, but similar movements formed at other universities calling for diverse academics and changes to curriculum. This gave the movement a springboard: To correct the historical legacies of apartheid in higher education.


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"The society has placed too much responsibility on women" – Weyinmi Eribo
November 30, 2019 OLUWASEUN OGUNNIYILeave a Comment on "The society has placed too much responsibility on women" – Weyinmi Eribo
Weyinmi Eribo
Weyinmi is a Geologist by background and has worked in the joint venture of the government of Nigeria and Sao-tome and Principe, her interest in the extractive sector led her to volunteer with Global Rights Nigeria. Her personal life experiences further led her to creating a health and wellness brand, Roots and Brew, where she provides healthy alternative products and services in Abuja and beyond.
Given her recent interest in social enterprises, she worked briefly in a short term role with Acumen, a foremost impact investment company. Through her entrepreneurial journey, Weyinmi has seen the gap of gender based investment and she has launched Wevvo, a resource and impact investment platform for single female breadwinners.Weyinmi shares her inspiring story with me in this mind blowing interview
Childhood Influence
I am the 2nd female and last of 6 children, my family has always been a close knit nuclear family. My parents were civil servants and so we were an average middle class family. My dad is an English language scholar and so from a young age instilled the love of reading in us, coupled with my attending Nazareth Nursery and primary school in Festac where reading was a great culture. Developing a strong reading culture early in my life has definitely helped me in my work now at it helps keep my curiosity strong and encourages my continuous love for learning. Unfortunately, none of my parents were entrepreneurs or business people so I didn't really grow up with any form of exposure to that but my mum is the definition of resilience and tenacity. Those two values have kept me going in every aspect of my life and those are definitely values any entrepreneur needs.
Entrepreneurial Journey
My venture into entrepreneurship was as a result of the experience I gained handling family and personal health challenges. My dad had a stroke years ago, I was the only female child at home at the time and so it became my responsibility to handle his diet and lifestyle change. As a reader, my first instinct was to research as I had no clue about what a healthy lifestyle entailed at the time and then I got sucked in completely. My dad is alive today and there's no evidence that he ever suffered a stroke.
After that, I became like the resident unofficial doctor and nutritionist in the house. Impact of being a world bank womenx scholar and Intel she will connect recipient.The Intel she-will-connect programme gives basic digital literacy training and this has helped me immensely in my business. The training covered several areas including building a website and how to build graphics for your business. This has helped me till now as I handle the social media graphics for my business, design my complementary cards, fliers and more. The worldbank womenX scholarship was for a certificate in entrepreneurial management from the Enterprise development centre, Pan Atlantic University. I gained so much value from that program in terms of what to do in my business, what to look out for and how to avoid some of these pitfall mistakes entrepreneurs make. It further exposed me to a large network of entrepreneurs who keep you accountable and offer help when you need it.
Inspiration behind Wevvo
Roots and Brew, my health and wellness brand, was built out of a passion to share with people like me and my father all the benefits of living a healthy lifestyle. I wasn't keen on being an entrepreneur or making profit, I just wanted to share my knowledge to help people live healthier happier lives.
Wevvo is very dear to my heart. It is my story of finding my voice and my dignity. Let me share my experience, which is basically what has shaped my Wevvo journey – I got married, gave birth and separated from my daughter's father- all within an incredible 2 years frame but it has become part of my story of change, my story of strength. Those 2 years and a few years after that were tough but I was privileged to have my family support. Being a single mum isn't something anyone really plans for and so I had to grow up grow up quickly to take care of my child and face the stigmatization that comes with that. Women struggle in many ways, and for female breadwinners its worse – it's a full circle of negligence and lack of appreciation for the struggles we undergo. This is why I set up Wevvo – to enable women facing what I had to deal with have access to finance, support one another, change the narrative and thrive as a community.
Wevvo funding initiative and how it can be accessed
Wevvo is a resource and impact investment platform for single female breadwinners, that is, for women who are divorced, single mothers and female siblings who are responsible for their families. The idea is to empower these women with skills and finances to enable them make better decisions and improve the economies both for themselves and their children. Wevvo will provide seed funding (Wevvo Seed), business acceleration programs (Wevvo Speed) and micro credit loans (Wevvo Credit) at single digit interest rates for one year. Wevvo community seeks to create a safe space for these women to connect and support each other to navigate the struggles and challenges of being single female breadwinners and to know that they are not alone.
We are hopeful that Wevvo will spread to other African countries and the world as the stigma is prevalent everywhere, some countries more than others. We have just launched our first business acceleration program to give business training, mentoring and access to $1000, Application portal is available on our website www.wevvo.ng. Our social media handles, Instagram/Facebook: @wevvo.ng, twitter: @wevvo_ng.
I am not insulated from the typical Nigerian challenges entrepreneurs' face – high energy cost, infrastructure deficiency and access to finance. However, there are other layers peculiar to the wellness sector. A lot of us are yet to understand that the cost of living a healthy lifestyle is almost negligible when compared to the cost of treating illnesses. If you have experienced some health challenges, you would understand that sometimes one illness can wipe your whole account away. I find that we have to constantly educate our customers on the benefits of healthy alternative products we sell retail.
Changing the societal perception of single mums
The society has placed too much responsibility on us women. When a marriage fails, society says it's the woman who didn't try enough, when a woman gives birth outside of marriage, society says she is loose. If you were not raised by a single mother, you know at least one woman who is, a large number of these women are the most hardworking, resilient women you will ever come across. For too long, the society has looked at single female breadwinners through the wrong lens, I think it's time that a lot of these narratives are changed in order to de-stigmatize single motherhood and create a shift in the standard of values placed on one sex and not on the other. As a society, we fail to acknowledge that beyond the women, there are lives of children involved. If we fail to support these women and provide growth opportunities, how do we then ensure that the children they cater for are given a bright future? There are so many success stories of single female breadwinners, we just need to create an environment for more of these women to thrive.
Being a Woman of Rubies
I failed the first time I tried to ride a bicycle, till today, I can't ride a bicycle. It doesn't make me a failure as a person, I just failed at something I tried. I am a consultant, an entrepreneur, a health and wellness advocate and a single female breadwinner who didn't let a divorce define her and limit her dreams but instead used that as my motivation to build, to grow, to flourish and now to help other women like me thrive. I believe that a woman of rubies is one who uses the bricks thrown at her to build stairways for her and other women to climb up.
Dear Single Moms…
Do not let your past or current situation define the course of the rest of your life. Being a single female breadwinner is not a life sentence, it doesn't change who you are or Gods calling on your life. Any woman who is providing for her family alone should be proud of herself, the shame and stigmatization remains a social construct and we cannot allow the opinions of people who are not wearing our shoes continue to dictate how we live our lives. The only limits are those we place on ourselves through our thoughts, beliefs and doubts. Marriage is a beautiful institution, it didn't work out once doesn't mean that it's bad or not for you and it doesn't make you a failure, it also doesn't mean that it won't work out again. Please join our Facebook group: Wevvo-community of female breadwinners to connect with other women in a safe space.
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Molecular cloning of the promoter of the gene encoding the Rhesus monkey β-amyloid precursor protein: Structural characterization and a comparative study with other species
Weihong Song, Debomoy Lahiri
Abnormal regulation of transcription of the β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) gene is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have examined a 17-kb genomic DNA region which contains the 5'-flanking region (promoter), first exon and intron of the βAPP gene of the Rhesus monkey (rhβAPP). A predominant transcription start site was identified 146 bp upstream of the translation initiation codon. Sequencing of 5848 bp of 5'-flanking DNA revealed the presence of multiple near consensus sequences for binding potential transcriptional regulatory factors, such as activator proteins (AP-1, AP-2), an apolipoprotein E-B1 element, estrogen-responsive element, heat shock element and NF-κB. The sequence of the rhβAPP promoter also contains several sites for the binding of proteins that serve as signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT1) (GAS). The rhβAPP promoter is highly homologous to the human promoter, but less homologous to the rodents. The homology between human and Rhesus monkey of the further upstream region gradually decreased over its length. A region of 270 bp of the human βAPP promoter is missing from the Rhesus monkey promoter. Structural analysis of the promoter suggests that it contains characteristics of inducible genes and sites for regulated activity by various transcription factors.
Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
Transcription Factor AP-1
Apolipoprotein E2
Initiator Codon
5' Flanking Region
Transcription Initiation Site
Amyloid precursor protein
APP promoter
Gene regulation
Genomic screening
Primer extension
S1 nuclease mapping
Song, W., & Lahiri, D. (1998). Molecular cloning of the promoter of the gene encoding the Rhesus monkey β-amyloid precursor protein: Structural characterization and a comparative study with other species. Gene, 217(1-2), 151-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00337-0
Molecular cloning of the promoter of the gene encoding the Rhesus monkey β-amyloid precursor protein : Structural characterization and a comparative study with other species. / Song, Weihong; Lahiri, Debomoy.
In: Gene, Vol. 217, No. 1-2, 14.09.1998, p. 151-164.
Song, W & Lahiri, D 1998, 'Molecular cloning of the promoter of the gene encoding the Rhesus monkey β-amyloid precursor protein: Structural characterization and a comparative study with other species', Gene, vol. 217, no. 1-2, pp. 151-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00337-0
Song W, Lahiri D. Molecular cloning of the promoter of the gene encoding the Rhesus monkey β-amyloid precursor protein: Structural characterization and a comparative study with other species. Gene. 1998 Sep 14;217(1-2):151-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00337-0
Song, Weihong ; Lahiri, Debomoy. / Molecular cloning of the promoter of the gene encoding the Rhesus monkey β-amyloid precursor protein : Structural characterization and a comparative study with other species. In: Gene. 1998 ; Vol. 217, No. 1-2. pp. 151-164.
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title = "Molecular cloning of the promoter of the gene encoding the Rhesus monkey β-amyloid precursor protein: Structural characterization and a comparative study with other species",
abstract = "Abnormal regulation of transcription of the β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) gene is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have examined a 17-kb genomic DNA region which contains the 5'-flanking region (promoter), first exon and intron of the βAPP gene of the Rhesus monkey (rhβAPP). A predominant transcription start site was identified 146 bp upstream of the translation initiation codon. Sequencing of 5848 bp of 5'-flanking DNA revealed the presence of multiple near consensus sequences for binding potential transcriptional regulatory factors, such as activator proteins (AP-1, AP-2), an apolipoprotein E-B1 element, estrogen-responsive element, heat shock element and NF-κB. The sequence of the rhβAPP promoter also contains several sites for the binding of proteins that serve as signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT1) (GAS). The rhβAPP promoter is highly homologous to the human promoter, but less homologous to the rodents. The homology between human and Rhesus monkey of the further upstream region gradually decreased over its length. A region of 270 bp of the human βAPP promoter is missing from the Rhesus monkey promoter. Structural analysis of the promoter suggests that it contains characteristics of inducible genes and sites for regulated activity by various transcription factors.",
keywords = "Alzheimer's disease, Amyloid precursor protein, APP promoter, Gene regulation, Genomic screening, Primate, Primer extension, S1 nuclease mapping, Transcription factor",
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T1 - Molecular cloning of the promoter of the gene encoding the Rhesus monkey β-amyloid precursor protein
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AU - Song, Weihong
AU - Lahiri, Debomoy
N2 - Abnormal regulation of transcription of the β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) gene is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have examined a 17-kb genomic DNA region which contains the 5'-flanking region (promoter), first exon and intron of the βAPP gene of the Rhesus monkey (rhβAPP). A predominant transcription start site was identified 146 bp upstream of the translation initiation codon. Sequencing of 5848 bp of 5'-flanking DNA revealed the presence of multiple near consensus sequences for binding potential transcriptional regulatory factors, such as activator proteins (AP-1, AP-2), an apolipoprotein E-B1 element, estrogen-responsive element, heat shock element and NF-κB. The sequence of the rhβAPP promoter also contains several sites for the binding of proteins that serve as signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT1) (GAS). The rhβAPP promoter is highly homologous to the human promoter, but less homologous to the rodents. The homology between human and Rhesus monkey of the further upstream region gradually decreased over its length. A region of 270 bp of the human βAPP promoter is missing from the Rhesus monkey promoter. Structural analysis of the promoter suggests that it contains characteristics of inducible genes and sites for regulated activity by various transcription factors.
AB - Abnormal regulation of transcription of the β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) gene is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have examined a 17-kb genomic DNA region which contains the 5'-flanking region (promoter), first exon and intron of the βAPP gene of the Rhesus monkey (rhβAPP). A predominant transcription start site was identified 146 bp upstream of the translation initiation codon. Sequencing of 5848 bp of 5'-flanking DNA revealed the presence of multiple near consensus sequences for binding potential transcriptional regulatory factors, such as activator proteins (AP-1, AP-2), an apolipoprotein E-B1 element, estrogen-responsive element, heat shock element and NF-κB. The sequence of the rhβAPP promoter also contains several sites for the binding of proteins that serve as signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT1) (GAS). The rhβAPP promoter is highly homologous to the human promoter, but less homologous to the rodents. The homology between human and Rhesus monkey of the further upstream region gradually decreased over its length. A region of 270 bp of the human βAPP promoter is missing from the Rhesus monkey promoter. Structural analysis of the promoter suggests that it contains characteristics of inducible genes and sites for regulated activity by various transcription factors.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - Amyloid precursor protein
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Alexei Navalny, who was flown from Russia in August for emergency treatment after being poisoned, returned to Russia on Sunday. Mr. Navalny was met by police when he landed, and was soon taken to jail for 30 days.
Published in "World"
NFK Editors - January 21, 2021
As people around the world tune in to see President-elect Joe Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris sworn in on Wednesday, 22-year-old poet Amanda Gorman will be getting a huge amount of attention.
Last Saturday, Lai Chi-wai used a rope system to pull himself up over 820 feet (250 meters) along the side of a skyscraper in Hong Kong. Mr. Lai, who can't move his legs, was strapped into his wheelchair as he climbed.
President Yoweri Museveni has been declared the winner of Uganda's election for president. Bobi Wine, who came in second, says the election was unfair. Mr. Wine is currently being held at his house by members of Uganda's military.
In today's news roundup, India's Supreme Court temporarily suspends three new laws that have angered farmers, Sweden's postal service puts out a Greta Thunberg stamp, and scientists discover extremely short giraffes in Africa.
Yesterday, the US House of Representatives voted to impeach President Donald Trump for his part in encouraging the rioters who attacked the US Capitol last Wednesday. It's the first time a president has been impeached twice.
A recent scientific study has shown that the Arctic Ocean is polluted with tiny microplastic fibers. The fibers were found all through the Arctic. The most likely source of the pollution is laundry from Europe and North America.
The world is still struggling to understand and respond to last Wednesday's attack on the US Capitol by rioting supporters of US President Donald Trump. Many people are focused on holding Mr. Trump responsible for his part in the event.
Pakistan was thrown into darkness on Saturday as a major problem near its largest power plant triggered a collapse of the entire electrical grid. Most of the country's 210 million people were left without power.
NFK Editors - January 8, 2021
Archaeologists in Italy are learning more and more about the everyday life of the people who lived in Pompeii nearly 2,000 years ago. Most recently, they've carefully uncovered a well-preserved street snack bar.


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Disclaimer: Buy Bitcoin Worldwide is not offering, promoting, or encouraging the purchase, sale, or trade of any security or commodity. Buy Bitcoin Worldwide is for educational purposes only. Every visitor to Buy Bitcoin Worldwide should consult a professional financial advisor before engaging in such practices. Buy Bitcoin Worldwide, nor any of its owners, employees or agents, are licensed broker-dealers, investment advisors, or hold any relevant distinction or title with respect to investing. Buy Bitcoin Worldwide does not promote, facilitate or engage in futures, options contracts or any other form of derivatives trading.
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Categories: Heath Ledger1979 births2008 deaths20th-century Australian male actors21st-century Australian male actorsAccidental deaths in New York (state)Australian expatriate male actors in the United StatesAustralian film actorsAustralian male film actorsAustralian male television actorsAustralian music video directorsAustralian people of English descentAustralian people of Irish descentAustralian people of Scottish descentBest Supporting Actor Academy Award winnersBest Supporting Actor BAFTA Award winnersBest Supporting Actor Golden Globe (film) winnersBurials at Karrakatta CemeteryDrug-related deaths in New York (state)Male actors from Perth, Western AustraliaMethod actorsOutstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Screen Actors Guild Award winnersPeople educated at Guildford Grammar SchoolPeople from Boerum Hill, BrooklynPeople from SoHo, ManhattanRock Eisteddfod Challenge participants
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After Ledger's death, in response to some press reports about his will, filed in New York City on 28 February 2008,[103][104] and his daughter's access to his financial legacy, his father, Kim Ledger, said that he considered the financial well-being of Heath's daughter Matilda Rose an "absolute priority", whilst also stating that her mother, Michelle Williams, was "an integral part of our family". He added, "They will be taken care of and that's how Heath would want it to be".[105] Some of Ledger's relatives may be challenging the legal status of his will signed in 2003, prior to his involvement with Williams and the birth of their daughter and not updated to include them, which divides half of his estate between his parents and half among his siblings; they claim that there is a second, unsigned will, which leaves most of that estate to Matilda Rose.[106][107] Williams' father, Larry Williams, has also joined the controversy about Ledger's will as it was filed in New York City soon after his death.[108]
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From 2000 to 2005, he starred in supporting roles as Gabriel Martin, the eldest son of Benjamin Martin (Mel Gibson), in The Patriot (2000), and as Sonny Grotowski, the son of Hank Grotowski (Billy Bob Thornton), in Monster's Ball (2001); and in leading or title roles in A Knight's Tale (2001), The Four Feathers (2002), The Order (2003), Ned Kelly (2003), Casanova (2005), The Brothers Grimm (2005), and Lords of Dogtown (2005).[19] In 2001, he won a ShoWest Award as "Male Star of Tomorrow".[20]
Two weeks later on 6 February 2008, the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of New York released its conclusions, based on an initial autopsy on 23 January 2008 and a subsequent complete toxicological analysis.[8][85][86] The report concludes, in part, "Mr. Heath Ledger died as the result of acute intoxication by the combined effects of oxycodone, hydrocodone, diazepam, temazepam, alprazolam and doxylamine." It states definitively: "We have concluded that the manner of death is accident, resulting from the abuse of prescribed medications."[8][10]
On 31 March 2008, stimulating another controversy pertaining to Ledger's estate, Gemma Jones and Janet Fife-Yeomans published an "Exclusive" report, in The Daily Telegraph, citing Ledger's uncle Haydn Ledger and other family members, who "believe the late actor may have fathered a secret love child" when he was 17, and stating that "If it is confirmed that Ledger is the girl's biological father, it could split his multi-million dollar estate between ... Matilda Rose ... and his secret love child."[109][110][111] A few days later, reports citing telephone interviews with Ledger's uncles Haydn and Mike Ledger and the family of the other little girl, published in OK! and Us Weekly, "denied" those "claims", with Ledger's uncles and the little girl's mother and stepfather describing them as unfounded "rumors" distorted and exaggerated by the media.[112][113]
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On 11 December 2008, it was announced that Ledger had been nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture for his performance as the Joker in The Dark Knight; he subsequently won the award at the 66th Golden Globe Awards ceremony telecast on NBC on 11 January 2009 with Dark Knight director Christopher Nolan accepting on his behalf.[12][32]
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^ It has been claimed that he was Western Australian junior chess champion, but he is not listed at WA Chess Association past state junior champions. Claims that he was near grandmaster strength are certainly an exaggeration: Australian grandmaster Ian Rogers called the claim "ridiculous" (Tweet by Ian Rogers), while American grandmaster Joel Benjamin noted "People outside the tournament chess community commonly inflate the credentials of casual players" (blog of Joel Benjamin).
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^ Denby, David. "The Current Cinema: Past Shock: 'The Dark Knight' and 'WALL-E' ". The New Yorker (21 July 2008): 92–93. Retrieved 17 July 2008. When Ledger wields a knife, he is thoroughly terrifying (do not, despite the PG-13 rating, bring the children), and, as you're watching him, you can't help wondering—in a response that admittedly lies outside film criticism—how badly he messed himself up in order to play the role this way. (Postdated)
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On 27 September 2008, Ledger's father Kim stated that "the family has agreed to leave the US$16.3 million fortune to Matilda," adding: "There is no claim. Our family has gifted everything to Matilda."[115][116] In October 2008, Forbes estimated Ledger's annual earnings from October 2007 through October 2008 – including his posthumous share of The Dark Knight's gross income of "US$1 billion in box office revenue worldwide" – as "US$20 million".[117]
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On 4 August 2008, citing unnamed sources, Murray Weiss, of the New York Post, first reported that Mary-Kate Olsen had "refused [through her attorney, Michael C. Miller] to be interviewed by federal investigators probing the accidental drug death of her close friend Heath Ledger ... [without] ... immunity from prosecution" and that, when asked about the matter, Miller at first declined further comment.[94][95] Later that day, after the police confirmed the gist of Weiss's account to the Associated Press, Miller issued a statement denying that Olsen supplied Ledger with the drugs causing his death and asserting that she did not know their source.[96][97] In his statement, Miller said specifically, "Despite tabloid speculation, Mary-Kate Olsen had nothing whatsoever to do with the drugs found in Heath Ledger's home or his body, and she does not know where he obtained them," emphasizing that media "descriptions [attributed to an unidentified source] are incomplete and inaccurate."[98]
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Ripple (XRP) is an independent digital asset that is native to the Ripple Consensus Ledger. With proven governance and the fastest transaction confirmation of its kind, XRP is said to be the most efficient settlement option for financial institutions and liquidity providers seeking global reach, accessibility and fast settlement finality for interbank flows.
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Speaking of editing The Dark Knight, on which Ledger had completed his work in October 2007, Nolan recalled, "It was tremendously emotional, right when he passed, having to go back in and look at him every day. ... But the truth is, I feel very lucky to have something productive to do, to have a performance that he was very, very proud of, and that he had entrusted to me to finish."[147] All of Ledger's scenes appear as he completed them in the filming; in editing the film, Nolan added no "digital effects" to alter Ledger's actual performance posthumously.[154] Nolan dedicated the film in part to Ledger's memory, as well as to the memory of technician Conway Wickliffe, who was killed during a car accident while preparing one of the film's stunts.[155]
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Ledger died on the afternoon of 22 January 2008[6][1] due to a drug overdose.[8][9][10] A few months before his death, Ledger had finished filming his performance as the Joker in The Dark Knight. At the time of his death, The Dark Knight was in its editing-phase and The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus was in the midst of filming, in which he was playing his last role as Tony. His untimely death also affected the subsequent promotion of The Dark Knight.[11] His role as the Joker in The Dark Knight earned him widespread acclaim and popularity from both fans and critics alike, and is often regarded as one of the greatest performances in film history. Ledger also received numerous posthumous accolades for his performance in The Dark Knight, including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, a Best Actor International Award at the 2008 Australian Film Institute Awards, the 2008 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor, the 2009 Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture,[12] and the 2009 BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor.[5]
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^ "A Place To Be: Reflections Of Nick Drake". A Place To Be. Archived from the original on 18 February 2009. Retrieved 18 March 2008. A Place To Be: a collection, a celebration, in film, photography, painting, drawing and prose, of the impact the music of Nick Drake has had on other artists ("Introductory film" includes excerpts of the music video, Black Eyed Dog, by Heath Ledger, among others.)
Bitcoin (BTC) is a consensus network that enables a new payment system and a completely digital currency. Powered by its users, it is a peer to peer payment network that requires no central authority to operate. On October 31st, 2008, an individual or group of individuals operating under the pseudonym "Satoshi Nakamoto" published the Bitcoin Whitepaper and described it as: "a purely peer-to-peer version of electronic cash, which would allow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution."
^ Nick Squires (1 April 2008). "Heath Ledger 'fathered a secret love child' ". The Daily Telegraph. UK. Retrieved 6 August 2008. If the claims are proved to be true, Ledger's multi-million pound estate would have to be divided between the child he fathered in his teens and his two-year-old daughter, Matilda Rose, whose mother is Hollywood actress Michelle Williams. ... The actor's parents, Kim and Sally Ledger, have declined to comment on the reports [based on comments by other family members, including his uncle Haydn Ledger].
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Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Gilbraltar, Greece, Guernsey, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Jersey, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom.
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On 9 February, a memorial service attended by several hundred invited guests was held at Penrhos College, attracting considerable press attention; afterward Ledger's body was cremated at Fremantle Cemetery, followed by a private service attended by only 10 closest family members,[132][133][134] with his ashes interred later in a family plot at Karrakatta Cemetery, next to two of his grandparents.[131][135][136] Later that night, his family and friends gathered for a wake on Cottesloe Beach.[137][138][139]
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The next day, at 10:50 am Australian time, Ledger's parents and sister appeared outside his mother's house in Applecross, a riverside suburb of Perth, and read a short statement to the media expressing their grief and desire for privacy.[120] Within the next few days, memorial tributes were communicated by family members; the Prime Minister of Australia, Kevin Rudd; the Deputy Premier of Western Australia, Eric Ripper; Warner Bros. (distributor of The Dark Knight) and thousands of Ledger's fans around the world.[121][122][123][124]
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Heath Andrew Ledger[a] (4 April 1979 – 22 January 2008)[1] was an Australian actor and music video director. After performing roles in several Australian television and film productions during the 1990s, Ledger left for the United States in 1998 to further develop his film career. His work comprised nineteen films, including 10 Things I Hate About You (1999), The Patriot (2000), A Knight's Tale (2001), Monster's Ball (2001), Lords of Dogtown (2005), Brokeback Mountain (2005), The Brothers Grimm (2005), Casanova (2005), The Dark Knight (2008), and The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus (2009), the latter two being posthumous releases.[2] He also produced and directed music videos and aspired to be a film director.[3]
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text:
est le premier album solo de Leigh Nash. Nash a commencé à travailler sur l'album un an après la séparation du groupe Sixpence None the Richer dont elle était auparavant la chanteuse principale. Produit par Pierre Marchand, qui est connu pour ses collaborations avec Sarah Mclachlan, l'album est composé de chansons pop rock.

Commentaires
L'album a eu globalement des commentaires positifs lors de sa sortie. Il a été notamment très bien reçu par les journalistes musicaux de musique chrétienne. La voix de Nash, les paroles et la musique ont été particulièrement salués.

Blue on Blue a cependant été critiqué, principalement parce que les chansons n'était pas immédiatement aussi séduisante que celles publiées par Sixpence None the Richer.

Commercialement, l'album n'a pas très bien fonctionné. L'une des principales raisons pour cela est le fait que l'album reste peu connu en raison du manque de promotion et de diffusion. L'album a cependant réussi à atteindre le n°25 dans le hit-parade Top Heatseekers, et le bonus track Blue Sky a atteint le n°5 dans le hit-parade de musique pop au Japon grâce à son passage à l'antenne fréquent et sa reprise pour une publicité pour la Toyota Prius en 2007.

Son album suivant, Fauxliage (2007) est une association avec Delerium.

Participations
L'album contient des participations avec Matt Slocum (Sixpence None the Richer), Rick Nowels et Billy Steinberg.

Singles
Trois singles ont été tirés de l'album. My Idea of Heaven en juillet 2006 (États-Unis) avec un clip, Ocean Size Love en 2007 (États-Unis) et Blue Sky (Japon).

Liste des morceaux

Édition originale
 Along the Wall
 Nervous in the Light of Dawn
 My Idea of Heaven
 Ocean Size Love
 Never Finish
 Between the Lines
 More of It
 Angel Tonight
 Blue
 Cloud Nine
 Just a Little

Édition iTunes
 Along the Wall
 Nervous in the Light of Dawn
 My Idea of Heaven
 Ocean Size Love
 Never Finish
 Between the Lines
 More of It
 Angel Tonight
 Blue
 Cloud Nine
 Just a Little
 Thank You (titre exclusif à iTunes)

Édition japonaise
 Along the Wall
 Nervous in the Light of Dawn
 My Idea of Heaven
 Ocean Size Love
 Never Finish
 Between the Lines
 More of It
 Angel Tonight
 Blue
 Cloud Nine
 Just a Little
 Run Together (Bonus track)
 Blue Sky (Bonus track)
 Blue Sky, version acappella version (Bonus track)

Notes et références

Album musical sorti en 2006

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Barbhuyan Gaon - Sivasagar
Barbhuyan Gaon Population - Sivasagar, Assam
Barbhuyan Gaon is a medium size village located in Mahmora Circle of Sivasagar district, Assam with total 167 families residing. The Barbhuyan Gaon village has population of 951 of which 547 are males while 404 are females as per Population Census 2011.
In Barbhuyan Gaon village population of children with age 0-6 is 80 which makes up 8.41 % of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Barbhuyan Gaon village is 739 which is lower than Assam state average of 958. Child Sex Ratio for the Barbhuyan Gaon as per census is 1000, higher than Assam average of 962.
Barbhuyan Gaon village has higher literacy rate compared to Assam. In 2011, literacy rate of Barbhuyan Gaon village was 94.95 % compared to 72.19 % of Assam. In Barbhuyan Gaon Male literacy stands at 97.83 % while female literacy rate was 90.93 %.
As per constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act, Barbhuyan Gaon village is administrated by Sarpanch (Head of Village) who is elected representative of village. Our website, don't have information about schools and hospital in Barbhuyan Gaon village.
Barbhuyan Gaon Data
Child (0-6) 80 40 40
Schedule Caste 11 6 5
Main Worker 323 - -
Schedule Caste (SC) constitutes 1.16 % of total population in Barbhuyan Gaon village. The village Barbhuyan Gaon currently doesn't have any Schedule Tribe (ST) population.
In Barbhuyan Gaon village out of total population, 556 were engaged in work activities. 58.09 % of workers describe their work as Main Work (Employment or Earning more than 6 Months) while 41.91 % were involved in Marginal activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months. Of 556 workers engaged in Main Work, 63 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) while 14 were Agricultural labourer.


text:
Sanders complained about her restaurant ejection. Ted Lieu's response just went viral
By Vinnie Longobardo
With the level of anger at the Trump administration continuing to grow over its immoral and heartless response to the nation's immigration concerns, the complicit toadies who enable the president's policies are finding it difficult to eat in public restaurants without facing the consequences of their support for the betrayal of American values.
Nail Fungus? Doctor: Do This Immediately (Watch)
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Quicken Loans Urges Homeowners to Switch to a 15-year Fixed in 2021
Congressman Ted Lieu (D-CA) has also spent some time this weekend dining out in his home district in Southern California, yet his reputation as a staunch opponent of the Trump administration immigration policies provided him with a quite different experience than that of the Trump enablers.
He described that difference quite succinctly in a tweet this morning.
Last night at a restaurant in Torrance, CA strangers thanked me for telling the truth. I politely said thank you. Their actions say far more about our nation than about me. This also happens to me at the mall, airports & coffee shops. This is what happens when you tell the truth.
— Ted Lieu (@tedlieu) June 24, 2018
Representative Lieu's formula is simple: tell the truth rather than constantly trying to pressure the public into believing your asinine lies and then the public won't shame you, you'll be able to dine out in peace, and you'll even get thanked for your service to the nation.
It may be just a fantasy that anyone in the Trump Administration would heed Representative Lieu's advice and cease their mendacious ways, but it's a beautiful fantasy to imagine.
Unfortunately, we'll have to wait until the November midterms elections and the "Blue Wave" that will arrive if everyone who opposes the Trump agenda heads to the polls and votes before we can see that type of behavior become the norm again.
It's in our hands. Don't drop the ball.
Oh, and be sure to thank your Trump-opposing representatives whenever you see them and ask them to aspire to be as much of a leader of the resistance as Ted Lieu has been to date.
Follow Vinnie Longobardo on Twitter.
Vinnie Longobardo
Vinnie Longobardo is a 35-year veteran of the TV, mobile, & internet industries, specializing in start-ups and the international media business. His passions are politics, music, and art.
Pence distances himself from a disgraced Trump in farewell social media post as Veep
"Only just beginning": Trump's farewell speech sparks alarm as his words spark fear and anger
Melania Trump leaves a forwarding address on Twitter but social media says "return to sender"
Trump's farewell party faces a big problem: very few people willing to R.S.V.P.
Pardonpalooza! Trump's pardon power ready to be unleashed as he heads into his last day in office
First Lady Snub! Melania refuses traditional meeting with Dr. Jill Biden on her way out the door
Washington Press
The normally subservient Vice-President snubbed his departing boss as he reviewed his years in office on Twitter.
Trump may be leaving office, but he wants us all to know that the circus isn't over yet.
The first lady's plea for followers to switch to her new account was met with a torrent of much-deserved derision.
Washington Press is a political news website dedicated to providing our readers the most accurate, concise, and breaking political news of the day. Read more about us or contact us.
Copyright ©2018, Washington Press. All Rights Reserved.


Welcome to the rechartered Nu Omega chapter of Alpha Phi Omega at the University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Alpha Phi Omega is a national co-ed service fraternity, focusing on service to the community, country, college, and the fraternity. APO has more than 17,000 male and female student members at 366 college campuses nationwide. More than 350,000 people have take that oath of a lifetime service to others since the founding of Alpha Phi Omega in 1925. Its mission is to prepare campus and community leaders through service. Its purpose is to develop leadership, to promote friendship, and to provide service to humanity.
We are a very diverse group and we hope that you will get to know us better.
Please feel free to ask questions, email or check out our website more!


We love music at St Andrew's and during our worship we employ a wide range of styles from contemporary to traditional, guitar and keyboards to organ or unaccompanied singing.
Praise the Lord! Sing to the Lord a new song.
Our main musical sources are the Church Hymnary 4th edition and Complete Mission Praise, however we also supplement these with other songs as fits the theme of the service.
Here you will find songs that have been written locally and used in St Andrew's. Please feel free to use these yourself, we just ask that you also add the details of author and composer if you are reprinting.
These midi files should play on any General Midi compatible sound card (virtually all), midi hymn player, and if your musical keyboard has a disk drive you will be able to play them on your keyboard also. These have either been created locally or found freely available on the internet.
To listen to a midi file simply click on each title. To download to your computer right-click the link and choose the option to save the target file.


First digital marketing isn't necessary for all business niches.
We would love to work with everyone who has sought our expertise. We only work with a limited number of clients at any given time to ensure maximum attention of our promise to get you your business goals of success.
As we work together to get traffic to your site, the mission is bringing you sales and profits, but will only be working in the best way to create great respect and goodwill in your market.
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Please enter the information the best you can. I will use this information to create or increase your online marketing.


text:
Hugh Morgan may refer to:

 Hugh Morgan (apothecary) (c. 1530–1613), Queen Elizabeth's apothecary
 Huey Morgan (born 1968), frontman of the New York-based rock/hip hop group Fun Lovin' Criminals
 Hugh Morgan (businessman) (born 1940), Australian former Western Mining Corporation CEO
 Hugh Morgan (footballer, born 1869) (1869–1930), Scottish international football inside forward who played for Liverpool and Blackburn Rovers
 Hugh Morgan (footballer, born 1875), Scottish-born football outside forward whose clubs included Sunderland and Bolton Wanderers
 Hugh Jackson Morgan (1893–1961), professor


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This garment has been designed and made in the UK by 'The Pretty Dress Company'.


text:
Q: Jersey - How to mock service I am using "Jersey Test Framework" for unit testing my webservice.
Here is my resource class :
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;

// The Java class will be hosted at the URI path "/helloworld"

@Path("/helloworld")
public class class HelloWorldResource {

    private SomeService service;

    @GET
    @Produces("text/plain")
    public String getClichedMessage() {
        // Return some cliched textual content
        String responseFromSomeService = service.getSomething();
        return responseFromSomeService;
    }
}

How can I mock SomeService in unit tests ?

A: Here is how I did it with Jersey 2.20, Spring 4.1.4 RELEASE, Mockito 1.10.8, and TestNG 6.8.8.
@Test
public class CasesResourceTest extends JerseyTestNg.ContainerPerMethodTest {

    @Mock
    private CaseService caseService;

    @Mock
    private CaseConverter caseConverter;

    @Mock
    private CaseRepository caseRepository;

    private CasesResource casesResource;

    @Override
    protected Application configure() {

        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        casesResource = new CasesResource();

        AbstractBinder binder = new AbstractBinder() {

            @Override
            protected void configure() {
                bindFactory(new InstanceFactory<CaseConverter>(caseConverter)).to(CaseConverter.class);
                bindFactory(new InstanceFactory<CaseService>(caseService)).to(CaseService.class);
            }
        };

        return new ResourceConfig()
            .register(binder)
            .register(casesResource)
            .property("contextConfigLocation", "solve-scm-rest/test-context.xml");
    }

    public void getAllCases() throws Exception {

        when(caseService.getAll()).thenReturn(Lists.newArrayList(new solve.scm.domain.Case()));
        when(caseConverter.convertToApi(any(solve.scm.domain.Case.class))).thenReturn(new Case());

        Collection<Case> cases = target("/cases").request().get(new GenericType<Collection<Case>>(){});

        verify(caseService, times(1)).getAll();
        verify(caseConverter, times(1)).convertToApi(any(solve.scm.domain.Case.class));

        assertThat(cases).hasSize(1);
    }
}

You also need this class which makes the binding code above a bit easier:
public class InstanceFactory<T> implements Factory<T> {

    private T instance;

    public InstanceFactory(T instance) {
        this.instance = instance;
    }

    @Override
    public void dispose(T t) {
    }

    @Override
    public T provide() {
        return instance;
    }

}

Edited as pr. request. This is the contents of my test-context.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

</beans>

It turns out that my test-context.xml does not instantiate any beans nor scan any packages, in fact, it does not do anything at all. I guess I just put it there in case I might need it.

A: See Update below: You don't need a Factory

If you are using Jersey 2, one solution would be to use Custom Injection and Lifecycle Management feature (with HK2 - which comes with the Jersey dist). Also required would be a Mocking framework of course. I'm going to use Mockito.
First create a Factory with mocked instance:
public static interface GreetingService {
    public String getGreeting(String name);
}

public static class MockGreetingServiceFactory
                                     implements Factory<GreetingService> {
    @Override
    public GreetingService provide() {
        final GreetingService mockedService
                = Mockito.mock(GreetingService.class);
        Mockito.when(mockedService.getGreeting(Mockito.anyString()))
                .thenAnswer(new Answer<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public String answer(InvocationOnMock invocation)
                                                      throws Throwable {
                        String name = (String)invocation.getArguments()[0];
                        return "Hello " + name;
                    }

                });
        return mockedService;
    }

    @Override
    public void dispose(GreetingService t) {}
}

Then use the AbstractBinder to bind the factory to the interface/service class, and register the binder. (It's all described in the link above):
@Override
public Application configure() {
    AbstractBinder binder = new AbstractBinder() {
        @Override
        protected void configure() {
            bindFactory(MockGreetingServiceFactory.class)
                               .to(GreetingService.class);
        }
    };
    ResourceConfig config = new ResourceConfig(GreetingResource.class);
    config.register(binder);
    return config;
}

Seems like a lot, but it's just an option. I'm not too familiar with the test framework, or if it has an mocking capabilities for injection.
Here is the full test:
import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
import javax.ws.rs.client.Client;
import javax.ws.rs.client.ClientBuilder;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Application;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import org.glassfish.hk2.api.Factory;
import org.glassfish.hk2.utilities.binding.AbstractBinder;
import org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig;
import org.glassfish.jersey.test.JerseyTest;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
import org.mockito.stubbing.Answer;

public class ServiceMockingTest extends JerseyTest {

    @Path("/greeting")
    public static class GreetingResource {

        @Inject
        private GreetingService greetingService;

        @GET
        @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
        public String getGreeting(@QueryParam("name") String name) {
            return greetingService.getGreeting(name);
        }
    }

    public static interface GreetingService {
        public String getGreeting(String name);
    }

    public static class MockGreetingServiceFactory
                                  implements Factory<GreetingService> {
        @Override
        public GreetingService provide() {
            final GreetingService mockedService
                    = Mockito.mock(GreetingService.class);
            Mockito.when(mockedService.getGreeting(Mockito.anyString()))
                    .thenAnswer(new Answer<String>() {
                        @Override
                        public String answer(InvocationOnMock invocation)
                                                       throws Throwable {
                            String name = (String)invocation.getArguments()[0];
                            return "Hello " + name;
                        }

                    });
            return mockedService;
        }

        @Override
        public void dispose(GreetingService t) {}
    }

    @Override
    public Application configure() {
        AbstractBinder binder = new AbstractBinder() {
            @Override
            protected void configure() {
                bindFactory(MockGreetingServiceFactory.class)
                        .to(GreetingService.class);
            }
        };
        ResourceConfig config = new ResourceConfig(GreetingResource.class);
        config.register(binder);
        return config;
    }

    @Test
    public void testMockedGreetingService() {
        Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
        Response response = client.target("http://localhost:9998/greeting")
                .queryParam("name", "peeskillet")
                .request(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN).get();
        Assert.assertEquals(200, response.getStatus());

        String msg = response.readEntity(String.class);
        Assert.assertEquals("Hello peeskillet", msg);
        System.out.println("Message: " + msg);

        response.close();
        client.close();

    }
}

Dependencies for this test:
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.test-framework.providers</groupId>
    <artifactId>jersey-test-framework-provider-grizzly2</artifactId>
    <version>2.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.0</version>
</dependency>

UPDATE
So in most cases, you really don't need a Factory. You can simply bind the mock instance with its contract:
@Mock
private Service service;

@Override
public ResourceConfig configure() {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    return new ResourceConfig()
        .register(MyResource.class)
        .register(new AbstractBinder() {
            @Override
            protected configure() {
                bind(service).to(Service.class);
            }
        });
}

@Test
public void test() {
    when(service.getSomething()).thenReturn("Something");
    // test
}

Much simpler!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Polina Alexandrowna Semionowa (, wiss. Transliteration ; * 13. September 1984 in Moskau) ist eine russische Ballett-Tänzerin. Sie wurde im Alter von 18 Jahren in Berlin verpflichtet und arbeitet heute in New York und als Principal Guest am Staatsballett Berlin. Parallel zu ihrer Bühnenkarriere ist Polina Semionova an der Staatliche Ballettschule Berlin tätig, wo sie 2013 zur jüngsten Honorarprofessorin berufen wurde. Seit 2017 ist sie "Berliner Kammertänzerin".

Leben
Semionowa wuchs am Stadtrand von Moskau auf. Ihre Mutter war Englischlehrerin, ihr Vater Biotechnologe, beide ohne Bezug zum Ballett.
Ihr zwei Jahre älterer Bruder Dmitri wurde für das Eislaufen entdeckt und auch sie nahm Unterricht. Als er zum Ballett wechselte, tat sie das auch. Polina Semionowa beendete ihre Ballettausbildung mit Auszeichnung an der Ballettschule des Bolschoi-Theaters 2002.

Lebenslauf
Wladimir Anatoljewitsch Malachow, Intendant und Erster Solist am Staatsballett Berlin, der eine neue Kompagnie aufbaute, engagierte Polina Semionowa als Erste Solistin, als sie 18 Jahre alt war. Seitdem tanzte sie unter anderem die Odette/Odile in Schwanensee, die Nikya in La Bayadère, die Cinderella, die Aurora in Dornröschen, die Giselle, die Tatiana in Onegin, die Manon und in Ring um den Ring zunächst die Sieglinde und später die Brünhilde. In der Ballett-Uraufführung vom 20. Juni 2009, Das Flammende Herz, nach der Musik von Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy und choreographiert von Patrice Bart tanzte sie die Mary Shelley an der Staatsoper Berlin als Partnerin von Wladimir Anatoljewitsch Malachow, der den Part des Percy Shelley tanzte. Sie ist regelmäßiger Gaststar der Wiener Staatsoper. Im Mai 2011 gab sie mit Kitri in Don Quichotte und im Juli 2011 in der Rolle von Odette/Odile in Schwanensee ihr Debüt mit dem American Ballet Theatre in der Metropolitan Opera in New York.  Gastspiele führten sie nach San Francisco, an das Zürcher Ballett, die Mailänder Scala, nach St. Petersburg und mehrfach nach Japan.
Seit September 2012 ist sie als Erste Solistin Mitglied des American Ballet Theatre (ABT) in New York.

2003 tanzte sie in dem Musikvideo Demo (Letzter Tag) von Herbert Grönemeyer nach einer Choreografie von Rudi Reschke. Mit diesem Video wurde sie zum "ersten Ballettstar des Web 2.0", also weltweit bekannt auch bei Menschen, die kaum Bezug zum klassischen Ballett haben.

Einladungen führten Polina Semionova an die Mailänder Scala, zum American Ballet Theatre, zum Bayerischen Staatsballett, ans Mikhailovsky Theater St. Petersburg, zum Dresdner Semperoper Ballett, zum English National Ballet, Tokyo Ballet, Ballett der Wiener Staatsoper, Zürich Ballett, Ballett des Mariinsky Theaters St. Petersburg, Bolschoi-Ballett Moskau, Stuttgarter Ballett und zum Ballett der Opera di Roma. Parallel zu ihrer Bühnenkarriere ist Polina Semionova an der Staatlichen Ballettschule Berlin tätig, wo sie 2013 zur jüngsten Honorarprofessorin berufen wurde.

2014 wurde ihr der derzeit wohl wichtigste Preis der Ballettwelt, der "Benois de la danse", verliehen. Im April 2017 wurde sie schließlich vom Berliner Senat als "Berliner Kammertänzerin" ausgezeichnet.
Am 17. Mai 2018 veranstaltete Polina Semionowa gemeinsam mit dem Staatsballett Berlin auf der Bühne der Staatsoper Unter den Linden mit Freunden, Tanzpartnern, Weggefährten, Publikumslieblingen, jungen Talenten und großen Stars den Gala-Abend "Polina & Friends". Zu den Gästen zählen: Friedemann Vogel, Sennu Laine, Ivan Zaytsev, Daniel Camargo, Maria Kochetkova, Carlo Di Lano, Svetlana Gileva, Ksenia Ovsyanick, Konstantin Lorenz, Danielle Muir, Schüler und Schülerinnen der Staatlichen Ballettschule Berlin sowie Polinas Bruder Dmitry Semionov und ihre Schwester Ksenia Semionova am Klavier.

Diskographie (Auswahl)

 2009: Caravaggio
 2010: Schwanensee

Filmografie
 Polina Semionova: Primaballerina zwischen New York und Berlin. Dokumentarfilm, Deutschland, 2014, 52:40 Min., Buch und Regie: Carsten Fiebeler, Produktion: Kordes & Kordes Film, arte, ZDF, Erstsendung: 31. August 2014 bei arte, von arte.

 Passion. Spielfilm, Deutschland, Frankreich, Spanien, Großbritannien, 2012, 102 Min., Buch und Regie: Brian De Palma, Natalie Carter, Regie: Brian De Palma. Gastauftritt im Ballettstück Afternoon of a Faun (Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune) von Claude Debussy.

Auszeichnungen
 Goldmedaille beim internationalen Ballettwettbewerb in Moskau 2001
 Junioren-Preis beim Internationalen Ballettwettbewerb in Nagoya/Japan 2002
 Erster Preis beim Waganowa-Wettbewerb in St. Petersburg 2002
 Daphne-Preis der TheaterGemeinde Berlin 2005
 Deutscher Tanzpreis »ZUKUNFT«, Kategorie Tanz – weiblich (2005)
 Deutscher Kritikerpreis (2005)
 Berliner Bär (B.Z.-Kulturpreis) (2007)
 "Tänzerin des Jahres" in der Kritikerumfrage von Ballettanz (2007)
 Foundation Heinz Spoerli (2008)
 "Berliner Kammertänzerin" (2017)

Literatur
 Gerhard Haase-Hindenberg, Polina: Aus der Moskauer Vorstadt auf die großen Bühnen der Welt, vgs, Köln 2010, ISBN 978-3-8025-3714-1.

Weblinks

 Biographie Polina Semionowa auf der Internetpräsenz des American Ballet Theatre (englisch)
 Biographie Polina Semionowa auf der Internetpräsenz des Staatsballetts Berlin
 Spitzen-Ballerina über Mutterschaft: "Für meine Leidenschaft ist das gut" Polina Semionova im Interview mit Piero Chiussi und Manuela Heim in Die Tageszeitung (taz) vom 16. Juni 2018.

Einzelnachweise

Balletttänzer (Russland)
Geboren 1984
Frau
Russe
Kammertänzer


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Home » Posts » Informed Consent: Liability and Non-disclosure of Potential Fertility Loss
Informed Consent: Liability and Non-disclosure of Potential Fertility Loss
Posted on September 9, 2014 by Karen
by Lisa Feldstein and Alissa Goldberg
Health professionals know the drill. You need the patient to sign the consent form before proceeding with a treatment or procedure. But what is often forgotten is that a signature alone is not sufficient. Informed consent – the kind required by law – is not just a form, but a process. It means explaining to the patient the risks, benefits, and alternatives to the proposed treatment or procedure. It means giving the patient an opportunity to ask questions, and answering those questions. Health professionals who fail to obtain informed consent face liability if something goes wrong.
Informed consent lawsuits can arise where a procedure performed was not consented to or where a material risk was not disclosed in advance. These liability issues are distinct from whether the health professional was otherwise competent.
In 1980 the Supreme Court of Canada outlined the test to determine whether a health professional has properly obtained informed consent.
The first part of the test is based on what a particular patient would have agreed to knowing all the risks. The patient must demonstrate that the material risks and/or alternatives were not adequately disclosed and, had they been, that the patient would not have consented.
The second part of the test asks what a reasonable person in circumstances similar to the patient would have decided if properly informed.
Disclosure of Potential Fertility Loss
There are instances where the proposed treatment has such a remote chance of affecting a patient's fertility that even where the patient is rendered infertile, it can be found that the patient gave informed consent. More commonly, however, the risk of infertility is more than remote, and failing to disclose such risk will result in a finding that the health professional failed to obtain informed consent. The greater the risk to fertility and the greater the desire the patient expresses in wanting to preserve fertility, the more likely a failure to disclose associated risks will result in a health professional having to pay a substantial damage award to the patient.
In a recent case in Ontario a patient agreed to a procedure to have uterine fibroids removed. She also was hoping to reduce pain and bleeding. The patient expressed a strong desire to have a child in the future. During the surgery, the defendant doctor noted that the source of the patient's pain was not fibroids, but a condition called adenomyosis. The treatment for this condition was to remove the patient's uterus, which the doctor did. At trial, the doctor's defence was that he had discussed the risk of requiring a hysterectomy with the patient prior to the procedure and that she had agreed to this risk. The patient, on the other hand, stated that she would never have agreed to a hysterectomy because she was hoping to become pregnant. The court agreed with the patient's claim, that her doctor had only outlined the risk of an emergency hysterectomy and not an optional one to alleviate her symptoms. As such, the court decided that the patient had not given informed consent and awarded her $75,000.
In 2006 a patient underwent a procedure to alleviate swelling and discomfort in his testicle. The patient's epididymis was severed during the procedure. The result of the damage left him infertile. The patient sued, but the Quebec court decided in the doctor's favour:
[T]he risk of infertility was so remote that it did not need to be mentioned…furthermore, the Court believes that [the patient] would have requested the operation even if he had known that infertility was a risk, because this risk was extremely remote and because it is obvious that he badly wanted this operation.
The patient failed to meet both parts of the test for informed consent.
In 2000 an Alberta doctor was found liable for failing to inform his patient of a material risk associated with surgery. Prior to the operation, the patient attended a seminar by a registered nurse intended to address the risks associated with the gastroplasty revision surgery, but additional information was not provided based on the patient's personal circumstances. During the surgery there was a leak of gastric contents into the patient's abdomen leading to severe peritonitis. As a result of this infection, the patient became infertile. The court found that the patient had not given informed consent; a reasonable person in her situation would not have proceeded with the revision surgery had she been properly informed of the risk of infection (especially where alternatives were available).
Of particular note was how the court addressed the issue of awarding damages for infertility:
It is an invidious task for any judge to try to quantify the value of loss of fertility. The Court can only do its best in evaluating this very subjective type of loss. I am of the view on this point, however, that infertility is a type of loss not properly lumped together with the usual non-pecuniary categories of pain, suffering, and loss of amenities. Those categories cover losses which, in my view, are of a different nature and quality than the loss of the ability to bear children or to achieve the family one has planned. And while pain and suffering can, of course, encompass more than just somatic distress, such as the psychological loss a woman made infertile may suffer, I nevertheless prefer… to assess quantum for infertility discretely, by reference to the circumstances of each case.
The patient was awarded $170,000 with $70,000.00 specifically designated for her loss of fertility.
In another case a patient's IUD was never properly removed and left her infertile; she was awarded $75,000 for her involuntary infertility.
An award for loss of fertility must be assessed on a case-by-case basis, and will depend entirely on the facts of each case.
So how does this affect a health professional treating a patient for cancer? Clearly, where infertility is a known risk, it ought to be disclosed to a patient. Where a patient expresses interest in having a child in the future, disclosure becomes even more important. But even when the risk of fertility loss is quite low or the patient does not mention an interest in children, disclosure of the risk is in everyone's interests: the patient gets the fullest opportunity to make an informed decision and health professionals minimize their liability should something go wrong.
LISA FELDSTEIN
Lisa Feldstein is the principal lawyer at Lisa Feldstein Law Office Professional Corporation. She holds a B.A. from the University of Guelph and a J.D. from Osgoode Hall Law School. Lisa practices in the area of Family Health Law(tm). Lisa has been teaching negotiation at Osgoode Hall Law School since 2010 and sits as director on the board of BALANCE for Blind Adults.
ALISSA GOLDBERG
Alissa Goldberg is a lawyer practicing in Toronto, Ontario. She holds a B.A. from Queen's University, a Masters of Health Administration from Dalhousie University and a J.D. from the Schulich School of Law, Dalhousie University. Alissa's professional areas of interest include commercial and civil litigation, and health law. Alissa previously articled with a boutique civil litigation firm in Toronto.
Legal Barriers to Fertility Preservation for Minors with Cancer
This entry was posted in all, Medical Professionals, Oncofertility and tagged alissa goldberg, infertility, informed consent, lisa feldstein, non-disclosure, oncofertility. Bookmark the permalink.


An armed man was shot multiple times and killed Thursday night in a confrontation with St. Johns County authorities.
The incident in Crescent Beach, south of St. Augustine Beach along Florida A1A, followed a standoff in which a residence was surrounded by authorities.
When deputies arrived, the man walked to his house and went inside, the Sheriff's Office said. The house was then surrounded by deputies and officers from the St. Augustine Beach Police Department.
According to the Sheriff's Office, the man came back out of the house still brandishing the handgun and refused orders to drop it. When he pointed the gun at officers and deputies, he was shot multiple times, the Sheriff's Office said. Jackie Byron Beasley, 55, was taken to Flagler Hospital with life-threatening injuries and later died.
The three officers involved with the shooting were sheriff's deputies Steven Fischer and Shawn Emert and St. Augustine Beach police officer M. Todd Smith. An investigation is being conducted and they were placed on routine administrative leave due to the shooting.
This is the second police shooting in St. Johns County this year. In April deputies shot and killed Rodney Joseph Lasseigne, a Mississippi man who was featured on "America's Most Wanted" for the slaying of his mother. Authorities said Lasseigne pulled a shotgun on three deputies at a St. Jonhs County rest stop.