text:
The New International Encyclopædia/Mormons
< The New International Encyclopædia
←Mormon Cricket
The New International Encyclopædia
Mormyridæ→
Edition of 1905. Written by I. Woodbridge Riley. See also Mormons on Wikipedia, and the disclaimer.
1188446The New International Encyclopædia — Mormons
MORMONS, or more properly The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. A religious sect of the United States. The early history of the Mormons is that of their founder, Joseph Smith, Jr., who was born at Sharon, Windsor County, Vt., December 23, 1805. According to contemporary anti-Mormon descriptions, or to the suppressed accounts of early Mormon apologists, Joseph's paternal grandfather was a man of distorted religious views; his maternal grandfather, Solomon Mack, was an infirm beggar, and superstitious to a high degree. Joseph's mother believed in cures by faith and in dreams as heavenly admonitions. The Prophet's father, after failing as a farmer, a storekeeper, and a root-digger in Vermont and New Hampshire, took up a land claim in Ontario County, N. Y., in 1815. Like his son, he was a confessed believer in witchcraft and demon possession. In his autobiography Smith called these the reports of evil-disposed and designing persons; by the later church historians they are either palliated or deprived of significance: however, to the student of heredity these details of Smith's ancestry are considered essential to a pathological estimate of his character. The Mormons quote, only to refute, the hostile statements that Smith was a visionary, a fanatic, an impostor, and a libertine; instead, they esteem him a prophet, a seer, a vicegerent of God, and a martyr (Times and Seasons, v. 856). They grant that Joseph's education was defective and that as a boy he could hardly write his name. He himself asserted that he was 'a rough stone' and desired 'the learning of heaven alone.' His mother said of him that in his nineteenth year he had never read the Bible through.
The 'conversion' of Joseph took place in 1820 near Palmyra. It was a time of great local excitement on the subject of religion. Joseph had retired to a solitary place and knelt in prayer to God. He fell into a trance, and was seized with a feeling of great depression and terror. "Just at this moment of great alarm," he continues in his description of the event, "I saw a pillar of light exactly over my head, above the brightness of the sun, which descended gradually until it fell upon me. When the light rested upon me, I saw two personages whose brightness and glory defy all description, standing above me in the air. One of them spake unto me. . . . When I came to myself again I found myself lying on my back, looking up into heaven." The second of the 'visions of Joseph' took place on September 21, 1823, when the heavenly messenger disclosed the hiding place of the gold plates upon which the Book of Mormon was asserted to be engraved. There was a series of seven visions in all, which extend over as many years, and which, as in the case of Mohammed, have been attributed by some to epilepsy.
Connected with these trances is the so-called "transcription of the gold plates." As a money-digger among Indian mounds young Smith made use of a 'peek-stone.' This became the famous 'Urim and Thummim,' whereby "Joseph the Seer translated the reformed Egyptian of the plates of Nephi." Students of abnormal psychology infer from recent investigation of the original document with its sprawling superscription 'Caractors' that it is analogous to the automatic writing of the semi-hypnotized crystal gazer, and urge that Smith's later methods of 'translating' bear out this supposition of a sub-conscious activity. Throwing himself into a condition of revery by gazing into his 'interpreters,' he dictated to his scribes what appeared to him to be communications of supernatural origin. Such an interpretation of Joseph's visions in terms of abnormal psychology is thought blasphemous by the Saints. They hold the records to be divinely inspired, while Smith compared his peculiar psychic experiences to those of Saint Paul. Of Smith's writings the first was the Book of Mormon, begun in September, 1827, at Manchester, N. Y., continued at Harmony, Pa., and finished at Fayette, N. Y., June, 1829. The original manuscript has disappeared. There remains only a duplicate made by Smith's principal scribe, the schoolmaster Oliver Cowdery. The first edition was printed at Palmyra in 1830. Two other editions were published within ten years. The fifteen books of this "Sacred History of Ancient America from the Earliest Ages After the Flood to the Beginning of the Fifth Century of the Christian Era" Smith himself thus summarized: "The history of America is unfolded from its first settlement by a colony that came from the Tower of Babel to the beginning of the fifth century of the Christian Era. We are informed by these records that America, in ancient times, has been inhabited by two distinct races of people. The first were called Jaredites, and came directly from the Tower of Babel. The second race came directly from the city of Jerusalem, about six hundred years before Christ. The Jaredites were destroyed about the time that the Israelites came from Jerusalem. The principal nation of the second race fell in battle toward the close of the fourth century. The remnant are the Indians. This book also tells us that our Saviour made His appearance upon this continent after His resurrection; that He planted the Gospel here in all its fullness and richness and power and blessing; that they had apostles, prophets, pastors, teachers, and evangelists; the same order, the same priesthood, the same ordinances, gifts, powers, and blessing, as was enjoyed on the Eastern Continent: that the people were cut off in consequence of their transgressions; that the last of their prophets who existed among them was commanded to write an abridgment of their prophecies, history, etc., and to hide it up in the earth."
Certain adverse critics dismiss the Book of Mormon as a mere hodge-podge of petty information, gross anachronisms, and biblical borrowings; this, in the opinion of another class of adverse critics, is to miss its significance both as a cryptic biography and as a characteristic bit of provincial Americana. The latter declare that in addition to private affairs inadvertently incorporated there are water marks of some historic interest to be found in the document. They detect, in Scriptural paraphrase, descriptions of the current agitations against Romanism, infidelity, and Freemasonry, and even references to the so-called Washingtonian movement for total abstinence. The widely prevalent theory that the Indians were the lost ten tribes of Israel is also embodied. The Nephites were not merely the modern red men in disguise, but in their mental habits they intimately resembled local sectarians. The speech of Nephi contains quotations from the Westminster Confession of Faith, and the speech of Lehi reflects the heretical tenets charged against the Presbytery of Geneva, in whose bounds Joseph himself lived. Applying the methods of the higher criticism, unbelievers note that the book is filled with the catch-words of the Methodist camp-meeting exhorter, and cite in particular the last section of the Book of Mormon, from its likeness to a Methodist book of discipline, as final proof of the writer's dependence on local theology. Believing the Book of Mormon to be the veritable word of God delivered through verbal inspiration, the Mormon apologists consider it unwarrantable to apply the higher criticism to their bible. Nevertheless such criticism renders untenable previous arguments against the authenticity of the work.
The ideas in the book were within the young author's ken. His Calvinism need not have been formally derived from the New England Primer, nor his arguments on Deism from Thomas Paine's Age of Reason, since the backwoods pulpit and the political gossip of the taverns supplied these notions. If the internal evidence makes the Book of Mormon indigenous, the external evidence is equally against a foreign authorship as presented in the ordinary Spaulding-Rigdon theory. This is, briefly, that a romance of prehistoric America, written in Ohio in 1812 by a Congregational minister, Solomon Spaulding, was the 'source, root, and inspiration' by which Smith's associate, Sidney Rigdon, concocted the scheme of a Golden Bible. The recovery in 1885 of the alleged original of Spaulding's "Manuscript Story" has been to the Mormons conclusive proof of its non-connection with the Book of Mormon, for there is no real resemblance between the two.
The day of the founding of the Mormon Church was April 6, 1830. On that day Smith claimed to have received a revelation beginning: "Thou shall be called a seer, a translator, a prophet, an apostle." This is a characteristic sentence from the second half of the Mormon canon, the Book of Commandments. This rarest of original Mormon sources is in part a book of discipline, containing the "Articles and Covenants of the Church of Christ." To add to the confusion of contents, this pamphlet of 55 chapters has its biographical side. Like its enlargement, the revamped Book of Doctrine and Covenants, it comprises "revelations to Joseph Smith, .Jr., for the building up of the Kingdom of God in the last days." Concerning the origin of these vaticinations, David Whitmer, the tliinl witness of the gold plates, asserted that the revelations were given through the stone through which the Book of Mormon was translated, and Parley P. Pratt described how "each sentence was uttered slowly and very distinctly." Smith himself was more cautious as to the divine origin of his messages, saying, "We never inquire for special revelation only in case of there being no previous revelation to suit the case."
The local receptiveness, at that time, to new religious ideas is manifest by the success of other leaders. Jemima Wilkinson prophesied at Crooked Lake; William Miller predicted the end of the world at Rochester; and the Fox sisters started Spiritualism only ten miles from Joseph Smith's home. The return of apostolic gifts was hoped for by the local Quakers, Primitive Baptists, and Restorationists. A half-year later, during the revivalistic meetings of the Mormons at Kirtland, remarkable religious phenomena were reported.
The Kirtland revival was the turning point in the life of the infant Church. Because of it there came a "revelation to the churches in New York, commanding them to remove to Ohio." It was now that Sidney Rigdon played his part in the Latter-Day movement. He had been a Baptist preacher in Pittsburg, and a minister of the Disciples' Church in Ohio. He organized at Kirtland a branch of Saints of one hundred members, and in February, 1831, Smith betook himself thither. David Whitmer asserts that Rigdon soon obtained more influence over Smith than any other man living. In exchange for the home-made Mormon Bible, Rigdon gave a foreign framework to the Mormon Church. He got hold of some of the transplanted ideas of Fourier the French collectivist. Nineteen families in Rigdon's neighborhood had already formed themselves into a common stock company. A revelation of February, 1831, runs: "Thou shalt consecrate all thy properties which thou hast to impart unto me with a covenant and a deed which cannot be broken; the bishop shall appoint every man a steward over his own property, inasmuch as is sufficient for himself and family; the residue shall be kept in my storehouse, to administer to the poor and needy, and for the purpose of purchasing lands, and the building up of the New Jerusalem."
Smith's Ohio business enterprises brought financial loss. He first opened a general store at Hiram which failed. Land speculation also brought loss. Three farms at Kirtland, costing over $11,000, were to be turned into a permanent city of Zion with 32 streets. Like the Church tannery and the Church sawmill, this paper city had no financial foundation. At the same time a $40,000 temple was begun (the corner-stone was laid July 23, 1833), and although most of the Saints gave one-seventh of their time to its building without pay, a debt of from $15,000 to $20,000 was left upon it. Meanwhile an attempt was made to prevent financial disaster by establishing the Kirtland Safety Society Bank. Reorganized in 1837 as the Kirtland Society Anti-Banking Company and uttering at least $200,000 of its notes, the crash came within ten months, and Secretary Rigdon and Treasurer Smith tied to Missouri.
As president of the Church in Ohio, Smith's communistic ambitions were mingled with hierarchical schemes. Besides the United Firm and the Safety Bank, in 1833 he dedicated to the Lord the printing office of the Latter-Day Saints' Messenger and Advocate. In 1834 he organized the First High Council of the Church of Christ, with himself, Rigdon, and Williams as the First Presidency. In 1835 he chose the Twelve Apostles, among whom were Brigham Young, the Lion of the Lord; Parley Pratt, the Archer of Paradise; and Lyman Wright, the Wild Ram of the Mountain. In 1836 Smith instituted the several quorums or executive bodies of the Church, first the Presidency, then the Twelve, and the Seventy, also the counselors of Kirtland and Zion. In 1837 he set apart Apostles Kimball and Hyde to go on a mission to England, the first foreign mission of the Church.
In 1832, as a prophet of woe urging the Saints to sell all they had and flee from the wrath to come. Smith brought the mob upon himself and Rigdon at the town of Hiram. In the great apostasy of 1836 the Church lost some of its pillars. The three witnesses to the Book of Mormon were soon cut off. In the bull of excommunication David Whitmer, the anti-polygamist, was compared to Balaam's ass; Martin Harris was called a negro with a white skin, while all the "dissenters," says the Prophet, "are so far beneath my contempt that to notice any of them would be too great a sacrifice for a gentleman to make."
While the Saints were yet in Ohio there is evidence that polygamy was both practiced and sanctioned by those highest in authority. The Reorganized Church of Latter-Day Saints under the leadership of the Prophet's son, Joseph Smith, 3d, has claimed that the doctrine of 'spiritual wifery' was introduced, not by the Prophet, but by the older men, notably Hurlburt, Bennett, and Rigdon. The real acts of these scapegoats may never be known, for their testimony as to Smith's implication in their practices was declared unprintable. Hence what remains of the evidence against the Prophet is merely circumstantial, and is to be counterbalanced by his early attempts at ostensible suppression. In October, 1831, Smith admonished William E. McLellin through a revelation: "Commit not adultery, a temptation with which thou hast been troubled." In July, 1833, Smith wrote to the brethren in Zion to "guard against evils which may arise from accounts given of women." In 1835 the Book of Doctrine and Covenants declared: "Inasmuch as this Church of Christ has been reproached with the crime of fornication, and polygamy: we declare that we believe, that one man should have one wife; and one woman but one husband."
The third place of settlement by the Saints was Missouri. Smith's order to Oliver Cowdery to go and establish the Church among the Lamanites brought four Mormon missionaries to Jackson County as early as 1831. The town of Independence was declared the new city of Zion and a site for a temple was chosen there in August. The converts poured in from the Middle Atlantic States and Canada with such rapidity that the non-Mormons were somewhat alarmed. The printing of the Book of Commandments with its revelations to the Saints calling Missouri "the land of your inheritance, which is now the land of your enemies," led to acts of hostility from the citizens of Jackson County. The burning of barns and the shooting into Mormon houses at night was followed by demands for the removal of the Mormons from the country within a reasonable time, and for the prohibition of future Mormon settlement therein. The element of border ruffianism was doubtless responsible for the speedy destruction of the church printing office, and for the tarring and feathering of Bishop Partridge, yet the Saints themselves were not without fault. Their agreement to depart within eight months was written, as they alleged, "supposing that before the time arrived the mob would see their error and stop the violence." Since Governor Dunklin was loath to call out the militia, the mob drove at least fifteen hundred Mormons across the Missouri, the women and children suffering terrible hardships in the November storms. The negotiations for financial redress proved fruitless, for, as the Governor himself confessed, conviction for any violence committed against a Mormon could not be had in Jackson County. Until 1838 the town of Far West was materially prosperous and on good terms with its neighbors, but upon the Prophet's arrival in that year there arose dissensions within and without. The Presidency was deposed on a charge of misappropriating trust funds and Oliver Cowdery expelled for counterfeiting. With the further defection of Thomas B. Marsh, president of the Twelve, and Orson Hyde, one of the original Apostles, there came the establishing of an organization called ultimately the Danite Band, and known popularly as the Avenging Angels. Bound to secrecy by blood oaths, obeying any behest of the Church against property or life, this American variety of thugs owed its origin to Smith's revelation of August 6, 1833 — "Thine enemy is in thine hands, and if thou reward him according to his works thou art justified; if he has sought thy life, and thy life is endangered by him, thine enemy is in thine hands and thou art justified." The year 1838 also saw the establishment of the tithing system. Forty years afterwards the annual tithing revenues were estimated at a million dollars, appropriated, according to Brigham Young, to church erection, emigration, and poor relief.
The beginning of civil strife in Missouri dates from Rigdon's 'salt sermon,' a Fourth of July oration (1838), in which there was officially predicted a war of extermination between Saints and Gentiles. After the State election in August, it was reported to Governor Boggs that the Mormons were so numerous and well armed that the judicial power of Daviess and Caldwell counties was wholly unable to execute any civil or criminal process against a Mormon. A regiment of militia was thereupon called out, but General Deniphan, fearing that much blood would be spilled, disbanded most of his force. At the Prophet's suggestion the organization of the 'Fur Company' let loose foraging bands over the country. Then followed the killing of the Danite leader, 'Fear Not' Patten, the defeat of the Missouri Captain Bogart. and the retaliation upon the Mormons in the infamous Hawn's Mill Massacre. On October 27th the Governor issued orders that the Mormons must be treated as enemies, and must be exterminated or driven from the State. There ensued a determined campaign against the Mormons. The final terms of surrender, offered at Far West by General Lucas, included the payment of debts and the expulsion from the State of all the Mormons except the leaders, who were subject to trial. In the trial of Joseph and Hyrum Smith, Rigdon, and others at Liberty, testimony was given that the members of the Danite Band considered themselves as much bound to obey the heads of the Church as to obey God, and that Smith advised the people to spoil the Gentiles. The Prophet was confined in Liberty until April, 1839.
The fourth place of removal of the Saints was Illinois, and here their experience was but a repetition of their last migration. Friction was sure to arise because of the lawless squatters and timber thieves in the northern counties and because of the politicians at Quincy and their toadying for the Mormon vote. Smith purchased the city of Commerce on the banks of the Mississippi for about $70,000; the name of the town was changed to Nauvoo, supposedly derived from a Hebrew word meaning beautiful. The rapid growth of Nauvoo was largely due to the religious propaganda. At home, proselyting was extended from Maine to Michigan, while mass meetings were called in the Eastern cities to express sympathy with the Mormons as oppressed by the enemies of the freedom of religious opinion. Abroad, the press knew even less of Latter-Day ambitions, since the Mormon appeals in England were directed to the illiterate and superstitious. At Liverpool, Orson Pratt published his Discovery of Ancient American Records and the Mormon organ, the Millennial Star, advertised "Bones set through faith in Christ." But that which appealed most strongly to English weaver, Scotch miner, and Welsh peasant was the prospect of owning a farm in the land of Missouri, where "the Lord had been raining down manna in rich profusion." The success of the Mormon missionaries in Great Britain is evinced by the growth of the system of chartering ships for emigrants, from one vessel and 200 passengers in 1840, to 8 vessels and 1614 passengers in 1842.
In the meantime Mormondom in America was flourishing both financially and politically. Through efficient lobbying the Illinois legislature granted charters for the city of Nauvoo, the Nauvoo Legion, and the University of the City of Nauvoo. Three-fourths of the university faculty was drawn from local talent, being composed of Orson Pratt, Orson Spencer, and Sidney Rigdon, with James Keeley, a graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, as president. An army officer, in 1842, praised the Nauvoo Legion, but expressed his fear of the growth of a Mormon corps filled with religious enthusiasm and led on by ambitious officers. This fear was justified by the attempted assassination of Governor Boggs, of Missduri, by O. P. Rockwell, a Mormon living at Nauvoo. The Prophet, having called Boggs a 'knave, butcher, and murderer,' was indicted as instigator of the plot. He was then released by his own municipal court. Smith's ability to swing votes led to an enlargement of his political ambitions. He called on President Van Buren with a claim for Mormon losses amounting to $1,381.044.55½. Failing to obtain redress from Congress, he addressed letters of appeal to Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun. On receiving non-committal answers from these rival Presidential candidates, he ran for President himself.
Smith was assassinated in jail at Carthage, Ill., June 27, 1844. The causes leading up to his death were not merely political, but also financial and social. He secured relief from his Kirtland creditors only by taking advantage of the bankruptcy act, and the numerous thefts around Nauvoo were laid to the Mormons. Smith was also in trouble with his associates; in 1843 he deposed Rigdon as his adviser. On July 12, 1843, there came the famous "Revelation on the Eternity of the Marriage Covenant, including Plurality of Wives, Given through Joseph, the Seer, in Nauvoo, Hancock County, Ill." This document was not promulgated until 1852; its authenticity is, however, proved by its similarity in style with the Book of Mormon. In this document the authority for polygamy is derived from the example of the Old Testament patriarchs, but the Mormon harem is confined to ten virgins. The Prophet's ideas on 'spiritual wifeism,' like his early gospel, appear to have been 'plain and simple' and without any philosophic basis. Whatever Smith taught on the 'mysteries of the kingdom' is derivable from the writings of the two Pratts, who excogitated a system of metaphysics justifying plurality of wives. According to Orson, called the Gauge of Philosophy, "celestial marriage opens the way for all women who wish to marry to fill the measure of their creation. . . . It shows how the innumerable creations of God [i.e. this world and other planets] may be peopled with intelligences. . . . Woman without man and man without woman cannot be saved. The larger the progeny a man has, the greater will be the fullness of his eternal glory." These were the esoteric teachings of the Saints, whispered as early as 1840. Smith's plural wives numbered over a score, most of whom were taken by the Apostles Kimball and Young after the Prophet's death. Outward proof of the practice of polygamy in the forties is to be sought in such virulent persecutions as caused the expulsion of fifteen thousand Saints from Missouri, and in such publications as the Times and Seasons' 'extract from a letter from the vicinity of Nauvoo,' which says, "The excitement on both sides of the river against the Mormons is increasing very fast. The conduct of Joseph Smith and the other leaders is such that no community of white men can tolerate." Turmoil now arose in the Mormon camp itself. Three well-informed men, Dr. Foster and the two Laws, started a paper called the Expositor, which, besides advocating 'disobedience to political revelations,' sought to 'explode the vicious principles of Joseph Smith.' The first and only number condemned the Church appropriation of property without accounting, the preaching of the doctrine of plural gods, sealing, and the plurality of wives. The wanton destruction of the Expositor press and property on June 10th under the order of Joseph Smith, as lieutenant-general of the Nauvoo Legion, was succeeded by great commotion among non-Mormons. Outlying counties raised men and money for a 'war' against the Saints, for Nauvoo was now declared under martial law. On June 22d the Prophet and a few others started to flee to the Rocky Mountains, but upon Governor Ford's promise of protection, Smith surrendered himself at Carthage on the 24th. The first arrest was made on a charge of riot, the second on a charge of treason in levying war against the State. In appointing the Carthage Grays, who were the avowed enemies of the Smiths, as a guard over the jail, the Governor made a fatal blunder. On June 27th, with the evident collusion of the guard, a band of disguised assailants, presumably from the Warsaw regiment, brutally murdered the Prophet and his brother Hyrum.
With the death of Smith rival claims to the prophetic successorship arose between Brigham Young, J. J. Strang, and Smith's own son. The 'Strangites' disappeared with the killing of their leader in 1856 because of his polygamous practices. The 'Young Josephites,' however, founded in 1852 the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, and the body still exists under the presidency of Joseph Smith, 3d. It claims to be the continuation of the original Church of Latter-Day Saints, and has been recognized as such by the courts. It maintains that the doctrines of plurality and community of wives are heresies. The headquarters of the Church are at Lamoni, Iowa. It has a publishing house, and issues two weekly papers (Zion's Hope, for Sunday-schools, and the Saints' Herald, a general religious weekly and the official organ), a monthly magazine (Autumn Leaves) for young people, and books and tracts. It maintains Graceland College and a home for the aged poor. There is another establishment at Independence, Mo., with a printing press, whence are issued Zion's Ensign, a weekly paper, books, and tracts. The Church has about 45,000 members.
The logical successor of Smith was Brigham Young. Young joined the Mormon Church in New York State on April 14, 1832, and in the same year was sent by the Prophet from Kirtland on a missionary tour in Canada. Returning to Ohio with a band of converts in 1834, he went with the 'Army of Zion' to Missouri as one of the 'captains of tens.' In 1835 he was appointed one of the original Quorum of Twelve. Young assisted Smith in his flight to Missouri in 1838, and two years after sailed to Liverpool on a mission. The Prophet was fond of him, and Young's faithfulness to the cause is shown by his being left President of the Twelve upon Smith's assassination.
The Prophet's tragic death was of no avail against the domestic enemies of the Church. In January, 1845, the Nauvoo charter was repealed. The situation being recognized as intolerable, Young officially arranged to leave the country in the spring, a delegation having previously been sent out to investigate locations in California and Oregon. The final choice of Utah was due to a chance meeting with some trappers from the Great Salt Lake Valley. The organization of the Mormon exodus was in many respects remarkable. A pioneer company of young men was first sent ahead to plant crops, which the following companies should reap. Meanwhile Nauvoo had been turned into a vast wagon shop, so that the first company comprised a train of one thousand wagons. This 'Camp of Israel,' which included President Young and the Twelve Apostles, was subdivided into companies of from fifty to sixty wagons in charge of captains of fifties, captains of tens, and contracting commissaries. The versatility of the American pioneer was displayed in the establishment of way stations, with various repair shops and with a flouring mill built by Young himself. The largest company, which started from Elk Horn River on July 4th, included 1553 persons, with 566 wagons. By 1848 all the Mormons had crossed the plains except a few left on the Missouri as forwarding agents for emigrants from the Eastern States and Europe.
By March, 1848, the population of Salt Lake City numbered 1671, with 423 houses built. In spite of the failure of the crops and the consequent suffering of the first winter, glowing accounts of the new Zion were sent to England, with the result that within two years the English immigrants included men of many professions and trades. Young early projected cotton, woolen, and glass factories, for there were no sources for manufactured goods nearer than one thousand miles. In all this the aim of the leaders was to establish a State entirely self-supporting. But the balance sheet in 1852 showed a deficit. Young undertook to retrench expenses by giving less assistance to immigrants, but this policy turned out disastrously. The economic salvation of Mormondom was not due to the financial abilities of the body, but to outside causes. Abundance of money was brought to Salt Lake City by those who were hastening to California for gold, and by the building of the Pacific Railroad.
The political success of Mormonism was equally fortuitous. The war with Mexico having transferred the sovereignty of this region to the United States Government, on March 4, 1849, a convention at Salt Lake City adopted a constitution for the State of Deseret. The confusion of the Mormon political ideas was manifested in calling Deseret a State and at the same time in dispatching a Territorial delegate to Washington. Babbitt's application was rejected largely because of the hostility of the Illinois Democrats.
The growth of Young's dictatorship depended on mixed personal and religious reasons. He was known as hard-working Brigham Young; and his word was counted the word of God to his people. The power of the head of the Church was also increased by the issuance of paper money, by the strict application of the tithing system, and by the order that no man should hoard up his property. Young's addresses in the temple show that, with the development of his despotism, there came a loss of personal liberty among the laity. In connection with the School of the Prophets he appointed Church confessors to go among all families. In 1856 occurred the so-called 'Reformation,' in which the discontented were weeded out. After the murder of the would-be apostate, William R. Parrish, a deed instigated by Young himself, there came the organization of four hundred 'Wolf Hunters,' whose object was to prevent such rare escapes as that of Frederick Loba and his wife. By 1856 the doctrine of blood atonement was in operation. Apostasy was practically declared a capital crime to be atoned for only by having the blood spilled upon the ground, and Rosmos Anderson, who wanted to marry his stepdaughter against the wishes of the ward bishop, had his throat cut by the ecclesiastical executioners, so that his blood might run into his freshly dug grave.
The murder of the Aikin party in 1857 came under Young's policy of keeping the Gentiles out of Utah. Six men from San Francisco, with an outfit valued at $25,000, were shot while being 'escorted' by 'Bill' Hickman, who was known as 'Brigham's Destroying Angel.' In the same year occurred the most wholesale of these affairs, the Mountain Meadows Massacre (q.v.).
Chief among the reasons for governmental neglect of the Mormons were the appointment of mere party hacks as Territorial officers and judges and the impotence of the Federal Government at the ajiproach of the Civil War. Furthermore, the authorities were ignorant concerning Mormon practices and ambitions. Upon the establishment of the Territory of Utah, in 1851, Brigham Young was appointed Governor. When the Federal appointee, Judge Brocchus, ventured to criticise polygamy, Young publicly called him a coward and asked him to "apologize to the satisfaction of the ladies." President Pierce's offer of the Governorship to Lieutenant-Colonel Steptoe led Young to threaten vengeance for this 'infringement' upon his individual rights and privileges. By 1856 the political parties began to make capital out of the Mormon situation. Stephen A. Douglas asserted that it was the duty of the President to remove Brigham Young and all his followers from office. In his message of 1857, President Buchanan declared that there was no longer any government in Utah but Brigham Young. All this was declared to be a Democratic scheme to blind the North regarding the pending slavery issue. However, a force of 1500 troops was dispatched under General Scott, whereupon Young announced that he "would ask no odds of Uncle Sam or the devil." The Nauvoo Legion was recruited from all able-bodied males between eighteen and forty-five, martial law was declared in the Territory, and the Mormons harassed the Federal column by setting fire to the grass, stampeding their cattle, and burning the supply trains. An advance by winter into the Salt Lake Valley being deemed out of the question. Colonels Johnston and Alexander joined forces near Fort Bridger. Meanwhile Young, determined upon being the civil as really as he was the ecclesiastical head, commissioned Col. T. L. Kane as lobbyist at Washington. Taken with the pro-Mormon report of Governor Cumming, the result was a full and free pardon offered by President Buchanan to the very leaders whom Judge Eckles had charged with adultery. The attitude of the Church being considered treasonable during the Civil War, in May, 1862, Utah was put under military supervision. Colonel Connor's plans to overawe Young were frustrated by Lincoln's let-alone policy, and it was not until the lapse of a generation that the Mormon leaders unwillingly traded polygamy for Statehood.
The anti-polygamy legislation began with the Morrill bill of February, 1860. The severest punishment being merely the statutory penalty for bigamy, the measure was ineffective. The Cullom bill of 1869 was fought by Delegate Hooper on the ground that the Mormon views of the marriage relation were an essential part of their religious faith and therefore constitutionally guaranteed. Convictions under the Poland bill of 1874 being appealed, the United States Supreme Court ruled that religious belief cannot be accepted as a justification for an overt act made criminal by the law of the land. President Hayes, in his message of December, 1879, struck at the root of the matter by declaring that polygamy could only be suppressed by taking away the political power of the sect which encouraged and sustained it. Like remarks of Presidents Garfield and Arthur, in 1881, led to the Edmunds bill of 1882, which provided that no polygamist should be entitled to vote in any Territory or to hold office under the United States. Within two years 12,000 voters were disfranchised by this act, and within eight years 468 persons, mostly in the rural districts, were convicted for polygamy or unlawful cohabitation. When in 1890 the courts declared the ecclesiastical property confiscated because the Mormon Church was an organized rebellion, Young's successor, President Wilford Woodruff, issued a manifesto in which he advised the Latter-Day Saints to "refrain from contracting any marriage forbidden by the law of the land." The difficulties of obtaining Statehood and the unseating of Congressman Roberts in 1899 led the Church to so modify its views of political dominion as to declare that the Mormons "form not a rival power as against the Union, but an apostolic ministry to it, and their political gospel is State rights and self-government." A late estimate places the number of Mormons in the United States, exclusive of the Reorganized Church, at about 300,000. They are no longer receiving large accessions from foreign propaganda among Teutonic races.
According to the present official handbook, the religion of the Latter-Day Saints consists of doctrines, commandments, ordinances, and rites revealed from God to the present age. The first principle is faith in God and in Jesus Christ; the next is repentance from all sin, then follows baptism for the remission of sin, as a preparation for the gift of the Holy Ghost, bestowed by the laying on of hands. Obedience to these principles is necessary to membership in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. Faith in God is the beginning of religion, and confers spiritual gifts such as healings, miracles, tongues, the interpretation of tongues, discernment, visions, dreams, prophecy, and revelation. Authority to administer in the name of the Deity must of necessity come from God. This involves revelation. There having been no communication with heaven for hundreds of years, the world was without divine authority to administer gospel ordinances until Joseph Smith. By John the Baptist he was ordained to the lesser or Aaronic priesthood, and by Peter, James, and John to the higher or Melchizedek priesthood, receiving the Holy Apostleship and the keys of the kingdom with power to seal on earth so that it might be sealed in heaven. The religion of the Latter-Day Saints is progressive. It cannot be defined in a written creed. It is added to by the revelations of God as the capacities of the Saints enlarge and the needs of the Church increase. Every member of the Church is entitled to the blessings of divine communion and revelation for his or her own comfort and guidance. Revelations for the whole Church are only given through its President, who is its earthly head and holds the keys of the kingdom. Among the later revelations to the Church are the doctrines of baptism for the dead and of celestial marriage. As there was no authority among men to administer the ordinances of the gospel from the days of the early Apostles or shortly after, to the time of the restoration of the priesthood to Joseph Smith the Prophet, all the baptisms during the intervening period were void. The friends of the dead, however, are permitted to take their names and be baptized in their stead, the ceremony being duly witnessed and recorded on earth and accepted and ratified in heaven. Other ordinances may also be admitted by proxy, the living in behalf of the dead.
Celestial marriage is marriage unto all eternity. According to the revelation on this subject all the marriages entered into without divine authority are dissolved by death. Celestial marriage is entered into by those who have obeyed the gospel and become the sons and daughters of God by adoption. The woman is given to the man and they become one flesh. That which is thus sealed on earth is sealed in heaven, and is as valid as though performed in person by the Deity. If a wife thus sealed to her husband should precede him in death, it would be his privilege to wed another. The second wife, or third, if the second should die, would be sealed to him in the same manner as the first. They would all be his equally. In the resurrection he would have three wives, with their children, belonging to him in the everlasting covenant. The revelation on celestial marriage declares that if given to man in the everlasting covenant in the way appointed of God, he is not under condemnation, but is justified in receiving more wives than one. They are sealed to him and become his, and he cannot commit adultery with them because they are his and his alone. None of them are concubines or mistresses, or mere ministers of lust. Celestial marriage in its fullness is ordained of God. It is an establishment of religion. It is ecclesiastical in its nature and government. It is therefore outside the domain of constitutional law. Being within the pale of the Church, its free exercise cannot of right be prohibited.
The Mormon system of proselyting is simple. Twice each year, at the annual and semi-annual conferences held in Salt Lake City, a number of the faithful elders of the Church are selected by the authorities and 'called' by the assembled saints to visit the home or the foreign field. They travel at their own charges. Each mission is presided over by some elder selected by the general authorities of the Church, and the minor divisions of branches and conferences have their proper officers. The Utah missionaries remain in their fields of labor from two to four years and until released by competent authority to return home. Mormon missionaries have gone to every State and Territory of the Union, also to Canada, Mexico, the Antilles, Brazil and Peru, Great Britain, Germany, Switzerland, France, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Iceland, Finland, South Africa, India, the East Indies, China, Australia, New Zealand, the Society Islands, and the Hawaiian Islands. The Church has an organization known as the Perpetual Emigration Fund Company, which makes advances of money to assist the faithful to Utah and adjoining districts.
The Mormon hierarchy is complicated. Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery were the first two elders and apostles in the Church. Smith, who bore the title of Prophet, Seer, and Revelator, stood at the head of the Melchizedek priesthood, of which three presiding High Priests, chosen by the body, form a quorum of the Presidency of the Church. The President of the Church and his two counselors form the First Presidency, and the three together represent the Trinity. The Twelve Apostles form a quorum equal in authority and power to the three Presidents previously mentioned. The Twelve are a traveling presiding High Council, under the direction of the Presidency of the Church, to build up the Church and regulate its affairs in all nations. The Seventies are also called to preach the gospel and form a quorum equal in authority to that of the Twelve. The Seventy Elders have seven presidents to preside over them, chosen out of the number of the Seventy. There are now over 120 of these Seventies. In addition to these the officers of the Melchizedek priesthood are high priests and elders. The officers of the Aaronic or lesser priesthood are priests, teachers, and deacons. There are twenty-one Stakes of Zion in Utah. Over each stake there is a presidency consisting of a president and two counselors, who are high priests. This presidency bears the same relation to the stake that the First Presidency bears to the whole Church. A high council in each stake, consisting of twelve members, who are also high priests, act for the stake as the traveling presiding High Council act for the Church in all the world. It is the province of the high priests to preside, while the special calling of the Seventy is to travel and preach the gospel and build up the Church.
Bibliography. The four chief collections of Mormoniana in America are: The Church Archives at Salt Lake City; Government publications at Washington; the Berrian Collection, New York Public Library, rich in first editions and rare publications of the Early Church; the collection of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, at Madison, which includes the unique private collection of Mr. A. T. Schroeder, late of Salt Lake City. Mormon Periodicals: Deseret News (Salt Lake City, 1852-87); Elders' Journal (Kirtland, Ohio, and Far West, Mo., 1837-39); Evening and Morning Star (Independence, Mo., and Kirtland, Ohio, 1832-34); Journal of Discourses (by Brigham Young and the Church leaders, Liverpool, 1854-86); Latter-Day Saints' Messenger and Advocate (Kirtland, Ohio, 1834-37); Latter-Day Saints' Millennial Star (Liverpool, 1840); Times and Seasons (Nauvoo, Ill., 1834-45; vol. iii. ed. by Smith; early files suppressed by Brigham Young). Pro-Mormon Works: Bancroft, History of Utah (San Francisco, 1890); Handbook of Reference to History, etc. (Salt Lake City, 1882); Joseph Smith, .Jr., Book of Commandments (Zion, Jackson County, Mo., 1833; exceedingly rare: Salt Lake Tribune reprint, 1884); Book of Mormon (1st ed., Palmyra, N. Y., 1830; 2d ed., equally rare, Kirtland, Ohio, 1835); The Pearl of Great Price (selections from the writings of Smith, Salt Lake City, 1891); Lucy Smith, Biographical Sketches of Joseph Smith and His Progenitors (by the mother of the Prnphet; suppressed by Brigham Young; Liverpool, 1853, and Plano, Ill., 1880); Joseph Smith, 3d, and Heman C. Smith, History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (from the standpoint of the Reorganized Church, Lamoni, Iowa, 1901); Thompson, Evidences in Proof of the 'Book of Mormon' (suppressed by Brigham Young; Batavia, N. Y., 1841); Tullidge, History of Salt Lake City (the work of a reformer, but censored by the Church; Salt Lake City, 1886); Whitmer, An Address to All Believers (written by a primitive non-polygamous Mormon, Richmond, Mo., 1887). Anti-Mormon Works: Ferris, Utah and the Mormons (New York, 1854); Gunnison, The Mormons (description of early life in Utah by an army officer: Philadelphia, 1856); Howe, Mormonism Unveiled (the earliest first-hand information against Smith, very rare; Painesville, Ohio, 1834); Hyde, Mormonism: Its Leaders and Designs (the confessions of an apostate; New York, 1857); Linn, The Story of the Mormons (the most complete and exhaustive history of Mormonism; New York, 1902); Riley, The Founder of Mormonism (a psychological study of Joseph Smith, Jr.; New York, 1902); Stenhouse, The Rocky Mountain Saints (a vivid portrayal by an able ex-Mormon; London, 1870); Tucker, Origin, Rise, and Progress of Mormonism (the exposé of a fellow-townsman of Smith; New York, 1867); Utah Commission (Government Reports under the Edmunds Law, Washington).
Retrieved from "https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=The_New_International_Encyclopædia/Mormons&oldid=3463864"
Last edited on 29 September 2011, at 23:06


15x 1.8cm ornamental star, ideal for christmas.
Perfect for making your own, year round flower arrangements, this branch of lilac will look great in a variety of settings and vases.
A 50cm artificial rose with silk petals and velvet finish stem. Rose head is approximately 12cm. Autumn red.


text:
WHAT WE DO > Celebrating Volunteering > EYVplus10 > CEV Podcast
CEV Podcast
Welcome to "Let's Talk Volunteering - A European Perspective
CEV's official podcast channel
2021 is the celebration of the 10th anniversary of the European Year of Volunteering 2011.
To continue to consolidate the volunteering ecosystem in Europe, CEV has launched this podcast channel to open up the conversation to volunteering experts and key stakeholders at EU level.
You can subscribe here to the channel and receive notifications when a new episode is published.
Episode 1 - Why we need to talk about volunteering
February 2021 - In this episode, we discuss why we need to talk about volunteering at European level, with special guest, CEV President, Lejla Šehić Relić.
Episode 2 - How did volunteering change and how we should celebrate it now
March 2021 - In this episode we hear from George Thomson, CEV Board Member and CEO of Volunteer Scotland for 19 years. A volunteer himself for many more years, George shares his thoughts on how volunteering has changed, how we should assess the value it brings to our communities and how we can celebrate it and speak about it in dedicated events, as well as how to share our policy and practice at European level to enable volunteering to happen at its highest potential.
Resources recommended by George Thomson in this episode:
Robert Putnam – Bowling Alone
Robert Putnam – The Upswing
2018: UNV - State of the World's Volunteerism Report - The Thread that Binds - Volunteerism and Community Resilience
Episode 3 - 2021 is the year of national volunteering programs for European countries
April 2021 - This episode's guests are Andras F Toth from OKA, Hungary and Monique de Bree, from NOV, the Netherlands. Listen to our guests as they present their national volunteering programs in 2021. Hear how they leveraged the European Year of Volunteering 2011 legacy into increasing visibility, support and engagement for their national volunteering ecosystems. Andras and Monique also share their advice on how to organise a national program in your country and what resources they can share with all those looking to launch a national volunteering program in 2021.
Episode 4 - What does the European Volunteering Capital title mean for a municipality
April 2021 - In this episode, we hear from guests from European Volunteering Capital 2020, Padova (Ilaria Ferraro) and European Volunteering Capital 2021, Berlin (Katharina Foerster) about what the title meant for their community and municipality.
The two guests share their experience collaborating with the European Volunteering Capital Candidates Community (EVCCC) as they prepared for their tenure and speak about the challenges and opportunities of holding this title in the middle of a global pandemic.
As we prepare to receive applications for the European Volunteering Capital 2023 title, this episode paints a vivid picture of what this title brings to the volunteering ecosystem at local, national and regional level for both candidates and winners.
Episode 5 ' The role of media and storytelling in enhancing the impact of volunteering
In this episode, we talk volunteering with Fernanda Freitas, an ambassador of volunteering in Europe and a key contributor to the European Year of Volunteering 2011. A media person by profession, Fernanda shares her thoughts on what can media do to further the impact of volunteering in communities across Europe. She also speaks about about the inspiring projects she leads in corporate volunteering, as a tribute to Elza Chambel, and her organisation, Nuvem Vitoria, which uses the power of stories to support children who are far from their familiar environments.
Episode 6 - What is the EU doing to support volunteers across Europe
In this episode, we spoke with Michaela Sojdrova, a Member of the European Parliament, about her vision on volunteering support at the EU level and about what the EU is already doing in this sense, what structures and programmes are running across Europe to enable volunteers to carry out their voluntary action and to ensure inclusive policies for all.
Episode 7 - Why being a ESC Volunteer is a Must-Have Experience
In this episode we are joined by three European Solidarity Corps volunteers, who share their valuable experience volunteering abroad. Listen to their thoughts, stories and advice on why become a volunteer or expand your volunteering experience as a European Solidarity Corps volunteer, which include:
- Why emotional support is key for all volunteers
- How volunteering in a different culture or country is a two-way growth experience both for volunteers and the local community
- How the EU is supporting European Solidarity Corps through a solid support structure, before, during and after volunteering
- Why volunteering is 'the best thing that you can do in your life', in the words of interviewed volunteers
Episode 8- Volunteering support: past, present and future
In this episode we were joined by CEV's two Vice-Presidents, Anu Viltrop and Joao Teixeira, who shared their impressive volunteering support journey, their valuable advice and words of wisdom for future work on volunteering support in Europe. A conversation about the achievements in volunteering support, the challenges of the present and the plans and hopes for the future.
Episode 9 - Volunteering, active citizenship and the Future of Europe
This episode brings you Piotr Sadovski, Secretary General at VolontEurope and President of the Social Platform, sharing how witnessing what volunteering meant in a former communist country pushed him to pursue a career combining advocacy and support for volunteering, social justice and active citizenship in Europe. Listen to his thoughts on volunteering to understand why he strongly encourages all European citizens to participate in the Conference on the Future of Europe.
Episode 10 - Is volunteering really beneficial for children living in institutions?
In this episode, we have an eye opening conversation with Lilith Alink from the Lumos Foundation, an organisation working to end the harm of children institutionalisation and help them be reunited with their families. Listen to our talk as we discover why by volunteering without a proper understanding of the issues behind the institutionalisation of children we risk to actually bring a negative impact on children's lives.
Episode 11- Trends in development of volunteering in Europe
In this episode, we spoke to Prof. Lucas Meijs of Rotterdam School of Management who explains what are the similarities in volunteering practice across European countries and introduces a very important question in the process of understanding the development of volunteering in Europe - why do people not volunteer? Listen to this episode to find out the answers and get an idea of what volunteering will look like in Europe. You can read about Prof Meijs's findings in his report, New Trends in the Development of Volunteering in Europe.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Join our Bible Study and Adult Faith Exploration!
Our Bible Study meetings will continue after the Christmas Holidays. The next session is scheduled – until further notice – for EVERY MONDAY. Join us every Monday evening beginning at 6:30 PM at the Parish Church Auditorium [lower level of the church]. All parishioners are invited!
We are reflecting on Gospel of St. Luke. The basic text used is the "Revised Standard Version" which is available from our Holy Eucharist Bookstore as the "Ignatius Bible" and the "Didache Bible". The RSV is considered by many scholars to be Bibles as the best translation! However, bring the version that you have we'll see how it goes.
1 CATHOLIC BIBLE COMMENTARIES are available for totally reasonable prices from our Holy Eucharist Bookshop (call Liz at t. 204-334-2081). Here's a plan….. pick up the New Testament commentary and/or the 'Full Bible' commentary and just follow the daily Scripture readings from the church calendar or the parish bulletin and read them every day and READ THE COMMENTARY. You will be fascinated and inspired! You, and whoever you invite to join you in this daily practice, will soon find yourselves forgetting about your favourite TV series and waiting with anticipation to read more from Sacred Scripture. This is the one adventure and mystery that is not only historical, but will be unfolding as you progress in your research.
LIFE IS SHORT! YOU OWE IT TO YOURSELF AND THOSE THAT YOU CLAIM TO LOVE!
Check out the online Catholic Bible studies – that sometimes are free!
Can't make it to all the services? Find time to read the wisdom and messages from the Bible.


text:
Paradise Hills Trailer out now starring Emma Roberts
By Bhushan Bhati July 15, 2019
Between the all-white texture protection and the not recalling how you arrived, Paradise Hills doesn't appear as though the completing school Milla Jovovich claims it is. In executive Alice Waddington's film debut, Emma Roberts joins, Danielle McDonald, Awkwafina and Eiza Gonzalez at an advanced office where "high-class families send their girls to end up ideal renditions of themselves." There, they'll find out about behaviour, magnificence and, in view of the film's portrayal "a vile mystery" that takes steps to annihilate them all, which does not appear to merit the cost of educational cost.
Trippy Trailer for Sci-Fi Fantasy Paradise Hills Starring Emma Roberts and Milla Jovovich #ParadiseHills https://t.co/qJcJQRdw0Y pic.twitter.com/bQUpAn5vkO
— Movie Nooz (@movie_nooz) July 15, 2019
Then again, Paradise Hills also says it can resolve "all physical and passionate weaknesses inside two months," which is a take at any cost! Gracious, except if every one of the occupants gets supplanted by robots, Stepford Wives-style. Or then again have their characters cleaned.
It would appear that you'll need to hold up until November 1 the release date of Paradise Hills, to realize what your well-deserved cash is going towards.
Paradise Hills: More about Emma Roberts
Emma Roberts is an American entertainer and artist Roberts picked up acknowledgement for her lead job as Addie Singer on the Nickelodeon TV arrangement Unfabulous after making her film debut as Kristina Jung in the wrongdoing film Blow, R.
She discharged her presentation studio album Unfabulous and More in 2005. Roberts at that point showed up in various movies, including Nancy Drew, Aquamarine, Hotel for Dogs, Wild Child, Valentine's Day, It's Kind of a Funny Story, and also The Art of Getting By.
PARADISE HILLS Trailer (2019) Emma Roberts Fantasy Movie https://t.co/UeGanmn0dT via @YouTube
— Mr.Poulpe (@poulpebulle) July 15, 2019
Emma Roberts as seen in the trailer in her gown. Source: Collider
More about Awkwafina
Awkwafina whose real name is Nora Lum is a rapper and also an actor. She made her film leap forward in 2018 with her jobs in the films Crazy Rich Asians and Ocean's 8.
She has discharged two studio albums, In Fina We Trust and Yellow Ranger. Awkwafina first picked up prevalence for her melody "My Vag", a reaction to Mickey Avalon's "My Dick".
The music video has collected more than 4,000,000 perspectives on YouTube. Notable TV appearances include Saturday Night Live, Girl Code, and Future Man.
'Paradise Hills' Trailer: This Candy-Colored Fairy Tale is One of 2019's Most Visually Dazzling Movies from Slashfilm
For more such updates, please stay tuned to BlockToro.
Paradise Hills Cast
Paradise Hills new movie
Paradise Hills plot
Paradise Hills release date
Paradise Hills teaser
Paradise Hills Trailer
Paradise Hills trailer review
Amazon Prime Day sale goes live with blockbuster deals
The Walking Dead Season 10 to have Maggie seems possible now


Described as the "BLACK SWAN of sports documentaries" (Variety), OVER THE LIMIT exposes the grueling Russian training system for elite Olympic athletes. Superstar rhythmic gymnast Margarita Mamun has reached a crucial moment in her career. 20 years old, she's soon to retire but has one final goal set out for her: winning Olympic gold. As Margarita pushes her body to its breaking point, Irina Viner-Usmanova, her strict coach, assails her with caustic, withering critiques. Is Irina a merciless tyrant or the motivating guidance Margarita needs to fulfill her dreams?


Amritsar, Feb 10: To commemorate the 550th Birth anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev, Punjab government has decided to plant 550 trees in each village. In the same way NGOs of Amritsar lead by Parkash Singh Bhatti of khuda e khidmatgar under the patronage of KS Pannu mission director Tandrust Punjab mission, district administration of Amritsar and commanders of khassa and Armoured contonements Amritsar have decided to plant 5.50 lakh trees.
The NGOs which have pooled their resources include Geeta Sewa Society, the Sukhmani Sewa Society, Bhai Ghanaya Ji Sewa society and charitable society called Madad of the Khanna Paper Mills of Amritsar. The inauguration of tree plantation drive was done today by KS Pannu IAS by planting a tree in khassa near Amritsar.


The schedule of recommended courses in the area of geotechnical engineering is given below. In addition, up to three courses from the approved geotechnical electives list may be taken following the first semester. You must be enrolled the term you present your research.
A. Courses in italics are offered in the daytime only. All other courses are offered in the evening or on Saturday.


text:
Q: How to upgrade Julia to v0.5.0? now that they release v0.5.0 the question is how can I upgrade from 0.4.6 to 0.5.0 without loosing all my packages? is there even a way. Or if there is no easy way, how have people done it? What is the best way to do it?
Other question is, is it worth it or do I need to upgrade? What are the benefits or why I should not upgrade (yet)? Is there problems with Atom and other packages?
Yes there is quest same question already, but it is for older version and I thought if something has changed on upgrading.

A: You can go into your .julia/v0.4 folder and copy the REQUIRE file to the v0.5 folder. Then when you Pkg.update() your packages should automatically install.
There are very many upgrades (broadcast syntax, arraypoclypse, string changes, etc.), and many packages may stop supporting v0.4 for this reason. I would recommend you start upgrading soon. Juno has already released its v0.5 version, so when you update it should be compatible.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


At NETGEAR, we turn ideas into innovative networking products that connect people, power businesses, and advance the way we live. Easy to use. Powerful. Smart. And designed just for you.
NETGEAR makes it easy for you to have the smartest home in the neighborhood, with the latest, fastest networking technology. Our range of easy-to-use products can help you stream movie night more often, watch almost anything on your tablet without buffering, check in on your home from your smartphone and store and protect all of your family's memories. From the most advanced wireless internet connectivity, to superior streaming, remote home video monitoring, and storage solutions, your home networking system will have the speed, range and performance you need, every time you need it. At NETGEAR, we focus on all things connected, with the goal of making your online experience seamless so you can sit back, relax and do more.
In business, confidence is everything. When it comes to your network, it's even more important. Whether you're a small business with big dreams or a mid-size business ready to take the next step, you need to share access and ideas safely, connect remote locations securely and give your people the tools to perform. At NETGEAR, we provide networking, storage and security solutions without the cost and complexity of big IT. Our advanced range of reliable, affordable networking products are easy to install and maintain. We deliver solutions you can count on, so you can spend more time on what matters most – growing your business.
Keeping your customers happy and loyal is everything. At NETGEAR we are dedicated to your success. That's why we deliver the tools and solutions you need to keep your residential and business customers connected, productive and satisfied. Partner with NETGEAR for home connectivity, home media, security and automation, and mobile solutions. We pay attention to the details that matter to you to deliver custom, cost-effective and scalable solutions that contribute to your bottom line.


Our clinic is also equipped with the newest model of Tonometer. This devices measures the pressure within the eye, enabling us to be able to diagnose Glaucoma, without having to sedate our patients. Glaucoma is a serious but treatable condition dogs & cats commonly suffer from.


text:
{ About Me }
{ Crochet~Sewing~Crafts }
Willing Vessels Outreach Ministries (WVOM).....
During this season of giving and being kind-hearted and thinking of others.....
(I know this is something that we should do every day),
I want to share with you a local ministry that is near and dear to our hearts.
Two years ago when Pappy started his current job,
he met a fellow driver named Mr. Perry Williams.
Once they got to know each other better,
it was realized just what an amazing singing voice Mr. Perry has.....
(click here to listen to some of the songs he's written,
and some of his favorites)
and also that he is head of a ministry named.....
Willing Vessels Outreach Ministries, Inc.
Here was a statement that Mr. Perry made to me via text recently.....
"we visit people who have absolutely nothing,
so when you have nothing,
anything is something."
If you find it in your heart to give to this special cause,
I know the money would be put to good use and for a worthy cause!
Breathing in Grace,
Labels: Africa, Believe, CHRISTmas, HOPE, I L♥VE JESUS, Ministries, WVOM
Gracious words are a honeycomb,
sweet to the soul and healing to the bones.
Breathing in Grace.....
My word for 2019.....
Get Grace in Your Inbox.....
In my neck of the woods.....
strawberry plains weather information
Map of visitors.....
Very Pinterest(ing).....
Visit Debbie's profile on Pinterest.
Picture this.....
Visiting from.....
Stat Counter.....
Blog Archive December (1) November (7) May (1) April (4) March (3) February (4) January (15) December (14) November (14) October (17) September (12) August (16) July (18) June (16) May (19) April (12) March (12) February (11) January (12) December (18) November (14) October (14) September (15) August (23) July (21) June (22) May (18) April (16) March (20) February (21) January (24) December (24) November (22) October (22) September (24) August (25) July (23) June (15) May (24) April (24) March (22) February (24) January (26) December (28) November (25) October (25) September (28) August (29) July (23) June (27) May (22) April (26) March (19) February (24) January (27) December (28) November (18) October (28) September (26) August (31) July (29) June (22) May (26) April (26) March (29) February (24) January (27) December (29) November (27) October (31) September (22) August (27) July (22) June (23) May (25) April (24) March (26) February (24) January (31) December (27) November (26) October (30) September (23) August (42) July (61) June (54) May (51) April (58) March (35) February (66) January (81) December (54) November (46) October (43) September (44) August (51) July (67) June (62) May (65) April (59) March (71) February (65) January (73) December (52) November (54) October (57) September (57) August (39) July (34) June (32) May (37) April (44) March (56) February (44) January (58) December (60) November (49) October (59) September (60) August (48) July (65) June (69) May (78) April (47) March (65) February (49) January (42) December (56) November (44) October (45) September (44) August (40) July (33) June (31) May (19) April (3) March (2) October (2) September (1) August (1)
Copyright 2006-2019~~by Debra Huffaker~~Breathing in GraceBreathing in JesusJeremiah 29:11
Nana Banana DesignsWise Old Owl Designs
2011 In Pics
All rights reserved. Please do not use my original photos or reprint my writing without asking me for permission.


The Ulster Fry is still a favorite way to start the day in Belfast, especially after a big night out. Fried meats, eggs, offal puddings, and potato farls all make for a mighty breakfast.
The backstreets around City Hall and St. Anne's Cathedral have been revived as a buzzing new cultural hub, and those former dead-ends are now lined with fashionable places to eat. Made In Belfast began as a pop-up restaurant but became a permanent fixture when customers went wild for its meat, game, and seafood dishes, all locally sourced and sustainably farmed. Top chef Michael Deane has built an empire in Belfast. There are delis, bistros, and cafés all bearing his name, and a trio of Deane Restaurants on Howard Street - one for steak, one for fish, one for European food.
The Belfast docks had seen better days until they were redeveloped to remind everyone of their former shipbuilding glory. You can now dine in style along the waterfront, where old warehouses have made way for modern ventures like Crane View Kitchens. The famous "Samson and Goliath" cranes outside add even more flavor to vintage-style items like Guinness cheese and slow-boiled Irish gammon. Despite its name, Mr JD's New Titanic Restaurant is a good old-fashioned "chippy" nearby. Loyal regulars say it does the best fish and chips in East Belfast, and there's maritime memorabilia to look at while you wait.
The leafy district around Queen's University Belfast provides plenty of cheap eats for students, plus some higher-end options. Molly's Yard deals in a rustic sort of fine dining, updating classic Irish fare like seared scallops and venison within the attractive confines of converted Victorian stables. A little further south along the River Lagan, you could spend a whole day eating and drinking at Cutters Wharf, especially in summer. It rains so often in Belfast that locals flock here for a barbecued al fresco lunch whenever the sun comes out, and many find themselves sticking around for dinner.
The Irish language is still widely spoken around the Falls Road, and visitor interest in traditional Gaelic culture has given the area a new lease of life. There's an onsite restaurant at the Saturday market on Mill Conway Street, where you can taste old Irish recipes made with fresh ingredients from the surrounding meat counters and vegetable stalls. In the nearby Culturlann building you'll find Bia, a Gaelic-influenced bistro. It's a great spot to try the fabled Ulster Fry breakfast and other hearty home-cooked favorites like champ - mashed potato mixed with shredded scallions.


Halloween poems are usually full of fright. This special evening at the end of October is supposed to be scary, and the atmosphere is usually created by some traditional characters that have been used for many years. There are some great Halloween poems that tell tales about these same traditional Halloween characters. The Halloween poems often have the scary characters trying to terrify others. The witches in some of the poems are there to feed poison apples or ugly worms to small children. The ghosts inhabit the homes of small children to create terror in their lives. All good poems should have vivid images, but Halloween poems should have vivid and scary images.
There are some great collections of Halloween poems that can be found in the local library or bookstore. These can be used for readings at parties before and after this exciting holiday. The published poems are often very scary so these are great to read in the classroom or at a special party. These poems are especially effective if the atmosphere in the room adds to the fright in the poem. The lights should be low or off. There should be some spider webs and faces dripping with blood.
Halloween poems are great writing activities to use in the classroom to prepare for a special holiday. Children usually love to write, and they love the characters from Halloween. Their poems usually have plenty of witches scaring other people around the world. They often write about haunted houses with ghosts terrorizing the occupants. Children often include some great sound effects when they write their Halloween poems. There are often chains that rattle to scare people or whistling sounds in the dark.
Some of the local newspapers have writing contests for the best Halloween poem. These are fun for the children in the local community. Some of the newspapers have prizes for the best poem submitted in certain age groups. These Halloween poems usually have the images that will scare others like the poems children might write in their classrooms. Often the judges look for the scariest poem. The writers who can scare others often win the prizes in their age category. The newspapers often have a special page for Halloween, and they often print the Halloween poems that won the prizes. Children love the idea of having their poems printed where everyone can read their creation. They are usually most happy if people find their writing very scary.


The US government has spent as much time covering up conspiracies as it has helping the American people. In Hidden History, you will see the amount of effort that our government has dedicated over the past fifty years to lying and covering up the truth to the world.
Starting with the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, Don Jeffries chronicles a wide variety of issues that have plagued our country's history. Whether it is the assassinations of MLK and RFK, Iran-Contra, the Oklahoma City bombing, TWA Flight 800, voting fraud, or 9/11, every major disaster or war that we've witnessed has somehow been distorted by those who are supposed to be protecting us. Jeffries also delves into extensive research on the death of John F. Kennedy, Jr.—and what he finds will shock you.
So whether you've only heard bits and pieces of these stories or you've read several books on the topics, Hidden History is the book that belongs in every conspiracy theorist's library, as the information included here has never been collected together in any other published work available. So sit down, strap in, and get ready to be shocked and awed by how much has been hidden by our government over the past fifty years. This version features a new introduction by political insider Roger Stone.


[polldaddy poll=8620663]So, it has come to my attention that a lot of people don't know about certain Chocolate Bars and Sweets that have been discontinued over the years. Maybe we are in denial that our FAVORITE Chocolate bar is no longer being produced?
I have been doing a little bit of research and below is a list of just a few of our favorite Chocolate Bars that are no longer being produced.
Top of the list has to be the famous Pollywaffle. This Chocolate bar was made by Nestle and was the last production was on the 23rd of November 2009. Such a yummy Chocolate bar, I remember it well. For those that weren't lucky enough to try one; a waffle wafer tube filled with marshmallow covered in milk chocolate. My mind keeps telling me that their was a Polly Waffle Ice Cream too! No one believes me and I cannot find any evidence to prove that their was a Pollywaffle Ice Cream, if you remember this too comment below. So, Nestle changed the recipe early 2009 and the reason they stopped production was because of poor sales, could it have been due to the recipe change?
I couldn't find too much information on the Wonka Bar but I know alot of people still beleive it is being produced. That is, the original Wonka Bar that was produced. It was discontinued in 2010 once again to poor sales. This Chocolate bar was also made by Nestle. Do you remember the Wonka Bar?
Ahh the Bertie Beetle, such a great little Chocolate. The Wonka Candy Company is owned and licensed by Nestle. Bertie Beetles were first produced in 1963 and were sold in shops until 1970. Nestle made an exclusive agreement to showbags marketing that Bertie Beetles would only be sold at Shows and Exhibitions in showbags.
So, do we notice a little pattern here? Most of the yummy treats that have been discontinued are all made by Nestle, I wonder why? What are your thoughts?
Pollywaffle ice creams were my absolute favourite. They were basically chocolate wedge ice creams with marshmallow ice cream filling instead. It saddens me that no one remembers them or how amazing they were.
Bertie Beetles! They are the best! I still buy show bags to get my hands on these!
And I definitely remember the Milo bar- my dad used to work for Nestle, so we got Milo by the kilo.
Nestle are definitely not the smartest tools in the shed, they seem to make a lot of bad decisions.
do you know where i can buy bertie beetles?
Do you stock pollywaffles to sell or currently produce these famous items?


Its 675cc three-cylinder engine bubbles, growls and wails as you wind it up through the gears and, thanks to an all-new chassis, the handling is now even sharper and more intuitive than it's ever been. And that's saying something.
The bodywork is new too. Colours appear as sharp slashes down the length of the bike from the slender tail section to the lean-looking tank, narrow radiator side cover and the front mudguard. Neatly finished by the striking new wheel design.
The Street Triple comprehensively rewrote the middleweight naked rulebook when in burst onto the scene in 2007 and has led the way ever since. Now in its second generation, it continues to set an unrivalled standard for thrilling, lightweight all-rounders, the Street Triple continues to deliver class-leading dynamics alongside a distinctive, unmistakably Triumph riding experience.
As always, the torque curve on the Street Triple is generous from low revs to high. Staying above 43lb.ft from 3,000rpm right up to 12,500rpm so you can pull hard and instantly whatever the rev counter is showing.
And, with a maximum of 106PS and less weight than ever before, there's more than enough for the odd thrilling track day.
The gearbox in the Street Triple has a taller first gear than before, taking advantage of the engine's depth of torque for smoother urban riding.
And to keep it smooth through the gears we've fitted a gear-driven balance shaft, so your focus on long stints at high speeds isn't interrupted by vibration.
Four valves per cylinder with double overhead camshafts is the best layout for high revs, so that's what the Street Triple gets. Although our engineers have designed the cam timing and new exhaust to give you plenty of punch at low and medium revs for more useable power during normal road riding.
The most obvious update is the new exhaust. Now tucked tight beneath the engine it gives the tail end a lean, more modern look and lowers the centre of gravity for even better handling.
The sound is now even better than before with the new intake path through the frame turning up volume, giving the Street Triple an even snarlier, more engaging sound than ever.
The aluminium twin spar frame's styling is familiar but it's a new design. Routing the intake duct right through the headstock for the best efficiency.
With the exhaust moved from beneath the seat our Street Triple team was able to fit a new, lighter cast aluminium design subframe.
A chassis this good demands exceptional suspension, so the Street Triple comes with KYB 41mm upside down forks, and a KYB rear shock with spring preload adjustability.
By making the Street Triple 6kg lighter with a 3 per cent increase in weight distribution over the front, now at 52 per cent, and with its mass more centralised, the Street Triple is now more agile and responsive than ever. The overall design gives you the stability and confidence for an incredible riding experience. The new Street Triple has a smaller turning circle than before, so it's now better for every day manoeuvring through traffic too.
A pair of Nissin brakes are fitted at the front gripping 310mm discs for balanced and easily controlled stopping power, while a Brembo calliper and 220mm disc look after the rear. Switchable ABS is an option.
The new wheels aren't just there to look good, they're lighter. They come with a whole raft of benefits. Less mass means less inertia, so you get more responsive steering.
They make it easier to accelerate and slow down too. So straight line performance benefits and, with less mass to move up and down over bumps, the suspension is worked less resulting in a better ride quality and improved grip.
On the Street Triple you are still forward leaning with high footrests for the best control closer to its limits, but it's also more upright for better everyday riding around town.
So you can tackle longer trips as well as getting a good workout on a track day.
Where ABS is fitted it's possible to disable it via the dash if required, and it automatically activates again each time the ignition is switched on, so there's no forgetting you've turned it off.
The dash is still as comprehensive as it always was with its twin trip computer showing economy, range, gear indicator, lap timer and programmable gear change lights.
There are neat touches like the rear number plate and indicator hanger which can be quickly removed for track riding. Include the catalytic converter, double overhead cams and the latest engine management system with twin butterflies per cylinder and you have a high tech machine with an even more potent ride than ever.
We added a coded key immobiliser system in case your bike attracts the wrong kind of attention. It disables the ignition if an attempt is made to turn or force the ignition switch without the presence of the electronically coded correct key.
For added security, the new Street Triple features under seat storage capable of holding a D lock.
instrument display and functionsLCD multi-functional instrument pack with digital speedometer, fuel gauge, trip computer, analogue tachometer, lap timer, gear position indicator, programmable gear change lights, clock, TPMS ready and switchable ABS.


Confessions of an English Opium Eater is an 1821 autobiography of Thomas De Quincey's experiences with opium, its pleasures and the adverse effects of his addiction. After discussing his childhood and the experiences that would later define some of his opium experiences, De Quincey first discusses his earlier and more pleasurable experiences with opium. Later, De Quincey examines the harmful psychological effects of the drug, including nightmares, hallucinations and time dilation.


Nature of the job role: To be a personal assistant support worker to a boy with a learning disability who is none verbal. He is an outgoing and sociable person who enjoys the outdoors and physical activities.
Social Duties: To provide full assistance, support with morning school run. Accessing social and physical activities within the local community.
Qualifications: BSL Level 2 Skills and car driver with use of own vehicle preferred but not essential. The successful applicant will be required to complete an enhanced DBS check which would be paid for by the local authority.
Skills & Experience: Someone who enjoys being active, who has the skills to give the necessary support with activities to promote clients independence. You should have a genuine interest in the provision of high quality care, be able to work flexible hours and be a good communicator and also possess the motivation to develop trust and understanding within the role. In return you will have the opportunity to practice your skills, keep up to date with professional development as training will be provided. Be hardworking, reliable, committed, honest, and trustworthy with a sense of humour.


TRIDENT PARTNERS ASIA PTE. LTD.
TRIDENT PARTNERS ASIA PTE. LTD. (UEN 201601876M) is a business entity registered with Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA), Singapore. The UEN is issued in January 25, 2016. The entity status is issued in Live Company.
Entity Name TRIDENT PARTNERS ASIA PTE. LTD.
Information Source Details on TRIDENT PARTNERS ASIA PTE. LTD.
Please comment or provide details below to improve the information on TRIDENT PARTNERS ASIA PTE. LTD..


I've been doing a whole lot of Link Lovin' lately. Check it out below!
1 :: I've been dying to try this recipe. Perfect for a summer dessert!
2 :: Lanterns are my favorite, so this DIY looks so fab for a party!
4 :: I'm thinking about investing in some jewelry organization like this one.
5 :: If I end up splurging on a Lilly planner, this is the one I would choose!
Have any links to share?
In love with the Lilly agenda!! So cute!


text:
Fighting Covid-19 also requires intensifying anti-corruption efforts
By Corruption Watch 20 Jul 2020, 16:30
By Caroline James and Karam Jeet Singh
First published on News24
Corruption Watch, along with the nation, anxiously sees the number of Covid-19 cases rising while the number of available hospital beds fall. The public health system is under extreme strain but significant resources have been put aside to address the crisis.
In this national state of disaster, the question as to how government spends public money allocated to fight the pandemic becomes ever more pressing. The situation requires a renewed commitment to ensuring public spending is not wasted and transparency in the system of public spending is amplified.
A snapshot from the Eastern Cape demonstrates serious cause for concern: R10 million for scooters which may or may not be ambulances; handwritten invoices for R4.8 million for door-to-door campaigns during a "stay-at-home" lockdown; and rotten maize being distributed to hungry residents.
Recently, in a refreshingly candid interview, Professor Salim Abdool Karim traced the inability of Eastern Cape hospitals to meet the demand for Covid-related care back to corruption and incompetence.
With the country under State of Disaster Act regulations since 15 March 2020, and with no clear indication of when the state of disaster would be lifted, it is difficult to understand what heightened measures government have actually put in place to prevent corruption, given the risk.
Emergency procurement
The quick procurement of essential medical supplies is vital during this pandemic, but public procurement has proven to be extremely vulnerable to corruption. Like many countries, South Africa is now faced with the question of how to balance the justifiable need to mobilise public resources without compromising the integrity of the process.
South Africa's existing procurement legislation allows for a deviation from the normal procurement processes during an emergency, and National Treasury has given further guidance with a series of instructions on how emergency procurement should take place during the state of disaster. Under these rules, government is able to avoid the lengthy process of inviting competitive bids for goods or services.
The main variation of normal procurement rules refers to transversal contracts – those contracts facilitated by National Treasury to centrally contract goods or services which are required by multiple government departments.
Unlike normal procurement rules which require departments to obtain individual approval from National Treasury, the Covid-19 regulations grant a blanket upfront permission to all organs of state to join existing transversal contracts for specifically listed PPE items.
In addition, departments are able to individually procure outside of a transversal contract to which they participate. Ordinarily, when an organ of state participates in a transversal contract, it may only procure the relevant goods or services under that contract, it may not procure the same or equivalent goods or services from a supplier outside of the transversal contract.
However, there is huge potential for corruption in this system. One of the principles of open government – to which South Africa subscribes – is to publish publicly accessible open data of all government contracts. Publishing data on procurement contracts need not impede the speed at which urgent medical supplies can be obtained, but it would dramatically improve the ability to monitor procurement, and ultimately improve the quality and efficacy of emergency health procurement.
Transparency of emergency procurement information also assists those tasked with ensuring accountability of public spending to carry out their mandate. The scale of the task to monitor procurement and to ensure accountability is significant. This is a project which must involve government, external control agencies such as the Auditor-General, investigative agencies such as the Special Investigating Unit (SIU), and civil society.
South Africa's emergency procurement laws deem breaches of statutory duties and the failure to prevent unauthorised, irregular or fruitless and wasteful expenditure, to be unlawful. However, under the existing, opaque system of emergency procurement, it is almost impossible to obtain information on how procurement is effected. This renders detection, and ultimately sanctions, for non-compliance ineffective.
SIU investigations
The SIU has been vocal about its possible investigations throughout the state of disaster – and the Eastern Cape Premier has specifically requested the SIU's assistance in investigating allegations of corruption.
The SIU is seeking a proclamation to investigate Covid-19 related complaints. However, without greater transparency around how contracts under emergency procurement regulations are awarded and implemented, even with a suitably wide proclamation to investigate the SIU will be challenged to fulfil its mandate.
The Public Audit Amendment Act, adopted in 2018, conferred on the Auditor-General increased enforcement powers, allowing that office to refer financial irregularities to law enforcement agencies and to issue certificates of debt to personally hold government officials accountable for financial mismanagement.
However, like the SIU, the work of the Auditor-General would be massively aided by greater transparency of procurement information, allowing it to work more effectively and efficiently to address multiple allegations of corruption within emergency procurement.
Earn public trust through sharing of procurement information
The media and civil society have been instrumental in exposing corruption in South Africa through rigorous investigating and reporting work. However, given the lack of transparency in the current system, the ability to effectively monitor procurement during the state of disaster is incredibly challenging.
Cyril Ramaphosa has repeatedly styled his presidency as being one committed to fighting corruption and restoring public trust in government institutions.
At this time of crisis, with the public health system beginning to show extreme strain and with rising concerns about the effective use of public funds to fight the coronavirus, the president and the National Command Council must do more to earn South Africans' trust that they have the crisis under control – including addressing the corruption risks emerging under the current conditions.
Making public all information on the procurement of goods and services necessary for that fight would be a very good place to start.
• Caroline James is a lawyer in the Legal and Investigations department at Corruption Watch and Karam Jeet Singh is the head of Legal and Investigations at Corruption Watch.
Tags: SIU, auditor-general, Eastern Cape, National Treasury, government, procurement, Cyril Ramaphosa, hospitals, transparency, Covid-19, Pandemic, Karam Singh, national state of disaster, public health, public health system, scooters, ambulances, Professor Salim Abdool Karim, Caroline James
Beneficial ownership disclosure will expose procurement crooks
Covid-19 corruption pushes govt out of lethargy
Covid tender transparency is a step in the right direction, but more is needed
Transparent tenders will cut Covid-related corruption
TI: two clear opportunities for a better post-Covid world
Finally, police watchdog Ipid will have a new head
Flawed process for selection of Ipid head yields many questions


Take a breath of fresh air in Deadwood by searching for your outdoor adventure.
Thick forests blanket the hillsides surrounding Deadwood. These secluded woods provide a majestic and peaceful venue for hiking, bicycling, fishing, or just plain exploring.
Winter is a welcomed visitor in the Black Hills. Over 350 miles of groomed snowmobile trails - rated as among the best in the country - circle the valleys surrounding Deadwood. Plus, you'll find challenging downhill runs and cross-country ski trails at nearby Terry Peak and Ski Mystic ski resorts.


text:
<?php

use yii\helpers\Html;

/* @var $this yii\web\View */
/* @var $model backend\models\ProyectoVariableProgramacion */

?>
<div class="proyecto-variable-programacion-create">
    <?= $this->render('_form', [
        'model' => $model,
    ]) ?>
</div>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
2020 CONCERTS POSTPONED TO 2021
2019: VINCE NEIL
SEACLIFF PARK AMPHITHEATRE
Vince Neil's unmistakable voice leads some of the greatest rock songs of a generation including "Wild Side", "Shout at the Devil," "Home Sweet Home," "Girls, Girls, Girls," "Dr. Feelgood," "Kickstart My Heart," "Same Ol' Situation," and many others.
2019: CHRIS JANSON
Chris Janson is a platinum-selling high-octane entertainer. His sophomore album, Everybody, produced his second No. 1 hit single, "Fix A Drink", the chart topping follow up to his No. 1 debut smash and summer anthem "Buy Me A Boat". His current single "Drunk Girl", is Top 10 on the country airplay charts and won Song of the Year at the Music Row awards.
2018: CHEAP TRICK
With over 20 million records sold and more than 5000 live shows, Cheap Trick is among the most active and sucessful acts in music history with hits like, "Dream Police," "Surrender," "I Want You to Want Me" and the #1 world wide single, "The Flame."
2018: RANDY HOUSER
With over 20 million records sold and more than 5000 live shows, Cheap Trick is among the most active and successful acts in music history with hits like, "Dream Police," "Surrender," "I Want You to Want Me" and the #1 world wide single, "The Flame."
2017: OUR LADY PEACE
Our Lady Peace is one of Canada's most popular bands. The band's earlier albums are often praised for their unique sound and style.
2016: BRETT MICHAELS
An American singer-songwriter and musician, Brett Michaels gained fame as the lead singer of the glam metal band Poison who have sold over 40 million records worldwide and 15 million records in the United States alone. In 2006, Hit Parader ranked Michaels at #40 on Billboard's list of greatest Heavy metal singers of all-time.
You won't believe who's next
2021 concerts coming soon
Veterans Get Free Admission to Concerts
Courtesy of Double Diamond Farms
Disclaimer: Map is not to scale and is for representational purposes only.
PURCHASE TICKETS IN PERSON
"Tour the Tip"
Registered Ride
Saturday, August 1st
Help raise money and earn rewards with pledges.
ConcertsConcertsConcerts
18 + two =


Atlanta, Ga. (Oct. 8, 2012) – Hot on the heels of a national tour with Collective Soul and a year after his debut solo EP, musician Will Turpin is headed into the studio with a new band for his first full-length CD, Serengeti Drivers.
Beginning Oct. 8, Will Turpin and The Way will enter Real 2 Reel Studios in Jonesboro, Ga., to craft their first studio effort. Co-produced by Turpin and Jonathan Beckner, the work will include almost a dozen new tunes.
In addition to Turpin (keyboards and vocals) the band lineup includes Jason Fowler (guitar and vocals), Mark Wilson (bass and vocals) and Scott Davidson (drums). Some of the lyrical themes focus on love, honesty, betrayal and questions revolving around the universe. Turpin said seven of the songs were co-written by Fowler, an Atlanta-based musician and friend"A lot of times I have an idea for a song that is not finished or is halfway complete and Jason is able to help me out with a riff or a vocal melody or theme," Turpin said. "Then there are times when we can create something right on the spot. We're a good team." Turpin also received songwriting support from his wife Donna on a tune called "On And On" which was inspired by her recent cancer scare; a topic that Turpin went public with in June.
Once Serengeti Drivers is released in 2013, Will Turpin and The Way will embark on a tour with dates to be announced next year.
This holiday season, Turpin's version of "What Child Is This?" will appear on A Rock By The Sea Christmas :: Volume Three, a charity CD series set for release on Oct. 16. Net proceeds from the 13-song Christmas compilation will benefit the Pediatric Brain Tumor Program in Orlando, Fla.


WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Regardless of the outcome in Ukraine's presidential election this weekend, Ukraine's next leader will continue to face high expectations from residents who are waiting for them to complete the reforms they were promised after the Euromaidan revolution.
Among these are continuing economic reforms that enabled the country to crawl out of a deep recession in 2015 and ensuring that this economic growth reaches more Ukrainian households. Fewer than three in 10 residents (29%) last year said they are satisfied with their current standard of living, and half (50%) said it is getting worse. While this marks an improvement since the height of the country's near economic collapse, these numbers still lag behind the regional averages for former Soviet Union states.
A variety of factors are behind this enduring level of dissatisfaction, including the persistent problems that many Ukrainians have with meeting their families' basic needs. Nearly four in 10 adults in Ukraine report not having enough money for food (38%) or shelter (38%), while almost half (47%) say they are dissatisfied with the availability of good, affordable housing in their city.
Low wages, combined with a lack of employment options, have also led some Ukrainians to look abroad in search of new opportunities. A recent article in The Washington Post finds that one in 10 Ukrainians, nearly 5 million people, are currently working outside of their country's borders. These workers provided remittances back into Ukraine that are expected to amount to nearly 12% of the country's GDP this year.
While some of this movement is cyclical, with workers returning home at regular intervals, a growing number of residents are looking to move out of Ukraine for good. A record-high 31% of Ukrainians report that they would like to move to another country permanently, a rise of 12 percentage points since 2014.
Amid the disenchantment, there is some cause for optimism, including an uptick in life evaluation scores. When asked to rate their life today on a 0 to 10 scale, the average score for Ukrainian adults was 4.75 in 2018; this is among the lowest in the region and below the regional average for post-Soviet states. However, it is a strong improvement over the 4.03 average in 2015.
The enduring and widespread economic and social problems in Ukraine have played a major role in pulling the life evaluations of its residents to the some of the lowest levels seen among the former Soviet states. Upon assuming office this summer, the newly anointed president will need to address issues that have plagued citizens for decades, while also working to combat new problems, including repeated cyberattacks and an increased propaganda campaign by neighboring Russia.
Results are based on face-to-face and telephone interviews with 1,000 adults, aged 15 and older, conducted globally between 2008 and 2018. Due to conflict in the region, the areas of Crimea, Donetsk, and Luhansk have been removed from these data. For results based on the total sample of national adults, one can say with 95% confidence that the maximum margin of sampling error ranges from ±2.0 to ±5.8 percentage points. The margin of error reflects the influence of data weighting. In addition to sampling error, question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of public opinion polls.