text:
Q: How can I move to another view controller when the user clicks on a row? I am new to iPhone development, and I want to move to another page when the user clicks on a particular row. So, if they click on first row, I want the page to redirect to the first view controller, and so on. Each row has its own view controller.

A: first of all you don't need to set different view controller for each row (unless you have a very good reason for doing that).
the correct way is to set 1 view controller that will fit all the cells in the raws and change its data according to the selected row.
the way you do that is:
in the - DidSelectRowAtIndexPath function in your implementation file you shuld:

    - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
     {

//allocate your view controller
         DetailedViewController *detailedViewController = [[DetailedViewController alloc] init];

 //send properties to your view controller
         detailedViewController.property1 = someProperty1;
         detailedViewController.property2 = someProperty2;

 //push it to the navigationController
         [[self navigationController] pushViewController:detailedViewController animated:YES];
         [detailedViewController release];
    }

i do recommend that you will start by using apple examples, they are great and there are a lot of them :
http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#samplecode/TableViewSuite/Introduction/Intro.html%23//apple_ref/doc/uid/DTS40007318
Good luck

A: @kashyap in didSelectRowAtIndexPath delegate of the UITableView you have to check the conditions that on which indexPath you are clicking and open the viewControllers you had made accordingly
- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
    // Navigation logic may go here -- for example, create and push another view controller.

     FirstViewController *firstViewController = [[FirstViewController alloc]        initWithNibName:@"FirstViewController" bundle:nil];
     SecondViewController *secondViewController = [[SecondViewController alloc]        initWithNibName:@"SecondViewController" bundle:nil];

     switch (indexPath.row) {
       case 0:
          [self.navigationController pushViewController:firstViewController animated:YES];
          [firstViewController release];
          break;
       case 1:
          [self.navigationController pushViewController:secondViewController animated:YES];
          [secondViewController release];
          break;
     }//Likewise do for the no of rows you have in your `UITableView`

Hope you get my point.....Good Luck!

A: Dig into the docs:
http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#DOCUMENTATION/UserExperience/Conceptual/TableView_iPhone/ManageSelections/ManageSelections.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40007451-CH9-SW6

A:     - (void) tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{

          switch (indexPath.row) {
    case "X"
        // Allocate the viewController
        [navigationcontroller.pushViewController:"yourviewcontroller" animated:YES];
        [release "yourviewcontroller"];
        break;

    default:
        break;
}
}

EDIT: Didn't realize of what you're trying. As shani said, you should not create a viewcontroller for each row if there is no need to. Try changing the datasource for each row but using the same viewcontroller. So forget this implementation.

A: Easy:
Create and push your view controller in this delegate function:
- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {

}

A: It sounds like using a UINavigationController is what you want.
You then push your "first view" on to the navigation controller's stack from the table view, e.g., from you UITableView delegate:
- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    ...

    // indexPath.row == 0
    FirstViewController* firstVC = [[FirstViewController alloc] initWithNibName...];
    [self.navigationController firstVC animated:YES];
    [firstVC release];

    ...
}

A: This was the one the things that I got problem when I first start. Here is my code that I use for this.
In subviewcontroller I have my own constructor like
-(id)initWithName:(NSString*)naMe
{
     name=naMe;
     return self;
}

And in didSelectRowAtIndexPath Delegate method Of UITableView. I alloc it
 MyListView mylistview=[[MyListView alloc] initWithName:@"name"];

[self.navigationController pushViewController:mylistview animated:YES];

[mylistview  release];

A:  NSInteger row = indexPath.row;

UIViewController *newFrontController = nil;

 if (row == 0)
    {
        YourViewController *yourViewController = [[YourViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"YourViewController" bundle:nil];
        newFrontController = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:peopleViewController];
        [self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES];
    }  else if(row == 1){
//do your code
}

do this in didSelectRowAtIndexPath in tableView.

A: You can move to another page when user tap on row by simply making segue by "Control Drag" from cell to ViewController and make segue type "Push".


Cult NYC-based streetwear brand Supreme has announced the release of its latest collaborative collection with heritage denim label Levi's for Fall 2018.
The two-piece capsule features a custom-fit stonewashed quilted reversible trucker jacket and custom-fit stonewashed denim coveralls.
Each of the exclusive pieces is available in three colorways: blue and orange, pink and green, and all-over black.
The collection is the fourth creative partnership announced by Supreme since the beginning of October, following collaborations with Vans and The North Face, as well as a five-piece collection featuring imagery from John Woo's 1989 action film The Killer.
Supreme has worked with Levi's on a number of occasions in the past, on a roughly biannual basis, producing tightly curated collections that usually consist of a new iteration of the denim brand's iconic trucker jacket and one other item. Spring 2018's offering, for example, featured a pinstripe trucker jacket and a pair of stonewashed pinstripe 550 jeans, while Fall 2017's collaboration produced a snakeskin-print trucker jacket and overalls.
This month also saw the launch of the Levi's "Fresh Leaves" collection, a streetwear-inspired collaboration with Justin Timberlake which continued a creative partnership that began when the denim brand asked the singer to customize its trucker jacket in honor of the piece's 50th anniversary.
The Supreme x Levi's collaboration for Fall 2018 will launch in Supreme stores in New York, Brooklyn, LA, London and Paris, as well as online, on November 1, and will be available at the brand's Tokyo location from November 3.


text:
Eucalyptus bourlieri är en myrtenväxtart som beskrevs av Trabut. Eucalyptus bourlieri ingår i släktet Eucalyptus och familjen myrtenväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Myrtenväxter
bourlieri

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Medical Details: Medical Details that were added from the settings section were not displaying on Invoices.
Global Search Area: When searching for a Goods Received Notes in the Global Search Area no results were found.
Copy Bookings: When copying bookings it kept the booking state even if the "Maintain Booking State" tick box was not ticked.
Loyalty Points Input: When updating Loyalty points from the "Update Prices" screen an error sometimes displayed if you entered a decimal number.
Revenue Detailed Report: Redeemed vouchers were listed twice in some cases.
Client Referrals and Birthdays Report: Inactive Clients will no longer show on these reports.
Revenue Detailed Report: Selecting the "Group by Client" tick box had no effect on the report. This is corrected.
Document and Receipt Editing Restrictions: A new security task has been added to restrict users from adding/editing Invoices and Receipts from previous days.
Editing of Loyalty Points: A new security task has been added that restricts who can edit Loyalty Points in a client's profile.
Medical Diagnoses Codes: The option to import Medical Diagnoses Codes has been added.
Send Email Button: When sending an email from a Booking you now have the option of selecting a Template. The selected booking information will be added to any merge fields in the selected Template.
Copy By Date: You now have the option to copy a booking to the first or last day of a month. You can also use the new Copy To Date option to copy the booking to a selection of future dates.
Analyse Option: Two new analyse items have been added to check for duplicate emails and duplicate mobile numbers.
Date Range Selection in Client Profile: The last selected start and end dates are now saved per client computer.
Employee Schedule: Days of the week that your business is closed on will now display as Closed on your employee schedule.
Contact Groups: The last date and time that you edited clients on a contact group is now saved and displayed on the list of contact groups.
Marketing Filters: A new filter option to filter by client Source has been added.
Booking List: There is now an option to Show Notes that may have been added to the bookings.
Service Bookings: The option to select Series services has been removed as these services cannot be booked.
Open Invoices: An invoice is now shown as open if the total linked receipts is less than the document total. The report also shows a Receipts column to indicate the total receipts linked to the document.
Inventory Movement: This report now uses your service recipes to show a Projected Out and Variance column based on your stock movement.
Invoices: If a billing address has been added for a client this address will automatically be used on their invoices instead of the physical address.
Projected Usage: A Unit Quantity column has been added to make this report easier to read.
Top Spenders Report: This report has been added under the Clients report section. This report ranks clients by total spend over a certain period.
Suppliers: You can now select a default tax to use when ordering products from a specific Supplier.
Goods Received Note: The Goods Received Note now includes a New Return button on the tool bar.
Medical Diagnoses Codes: The full name of the medical diagnosis is now displayed when selecting the codes on an invoice. Previously only the code was shown.


It is a special moment for the community. We are presenting our new winner - Admir Hadzic Portfolio by great artist Admir Hadzic.
We would like to wish you a lot of great moments with your wonderful creations.
Dear Admir. I wrote you already once, and I saw now, that you won, I am happy for you. Congratulations.


text:
namespace std {

template<typename T>
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::vector<T>& vec) {
    for (auto& it : vec) {
        in >> it;
    }
    return in;
}

template<typename T, typename U>
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::pair<T, U>& rhs) {
    in >> rhs.first >> rhs.second;
    return in;
}

}  // namespace std

void assign_files_input_txt() {
    freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
    freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Trying to download a series of archives from NCBI ftp using python ftplib but ftplib freezes at end of long file transfer I'm trying to download the nr blastdabase form NCBIs ftp site (ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/db). One of the files is quite large (16GB) and takes some time to download. At the end of downloading this file the program just hangs, it does not move on to the next file.
The portion of my program related to downloading the files is:
from pathlib import Path
import ftplib
from tqdm import tqdm

def _file_write_progress(block, fh, pbar):
    """Write ftp file and updates progress bar.

    Args:
        block (binary): Block of data received from ftp.retrbinary
        fh (BufferedWriter): Open file to write to in wb mode
        pbar (ProgressBar): Progress bar to update with download progress
    """
    fh.write(block)
    pbar.update(len(block))

def _download_ftp_files(url, remote_path, files_list, db_dir):
    """Download ftp file and update progress bar.

    Args:
        url (str): Url of ftp server to connect to
        remote_path (str): Path to directory containing tartget files
        files_list (list(str)): List of files to download
        db_dir (Path): Path to local directory to download files to
    """
    ftp = ftplib.FTP(url, timeout=3600)
    ftp.login()
    ftp.cwd(remote_path)
    for fn in tqdm(files_list, desc="Downloading file #"):
        with (db_dir / fn).open('wb') as fh:
            pbar = tqdm(desc=fn, total=ftp.size(fn))
            ftp.retrbinary(
                'RETR ' + fn,
                lambda block: _file_write_progress(block, fh, pbar),
                1024*1024
            )
    ftp.close()

I think the issue is related to the ftp connection timing out but I can't seem to fix it.
I have tried solutions at Python: ftplib hangs at end of transfer and Python: File download using ftplib hangs forever after file is successfully downloaded but can't seem to get this to work.
The above code modified based on these answers:
def _background(sock, fh, pbar):
    while True:
        block = sock.recv(1024*1024)
        if not block:
            break
        fh.write(block)
        pbar.update(len(block))

def _download_ftp_files(url, remote_path, files_list, db_dir):
    ftp = ftplib.FTP(url)
    ftp.login()
    ftp.cwd(remote_path)
    for fn in tqdm(files_list, desc="Downloading file #"):
        try:
            sock, size = ftp.ntransfercmd('RETR ' + fn)
            pbar = tqdm(desc=fn, total=size)
            with (db_dir / fn).open('wb') as fh:
                t = threading.Thread(target=_background(sock, fh, pbar))
                t.start()
                while t.is_alive():
                    t.join(60)
                    ftp.voidcmd('NOOP')
            sock.close()
        except ftplib.error_reply as e:
            print(e)

This returns an ftplib.error_reply 226 Transfer Completed as an exception for some reason. I try to handle it but the program just freezes.
I can provide more info if needed, any help is papreciated!

A: Okay, I switched to ftputil which wraps ftplib and seems to work better for now.
The following is the modified code:
def _download_ftp_files(url, remote_path, files_list, db_dir):
"""Download ftp file and update progress bar.

Args:
    url (str): URL of ftp server to connect to
    remote_path (str): Path to directory containing tartget files
    files_list (list(str)): List of files to download
    db_dir (Path): Path to local directory to download files to
"""
with ftputil.FTPHost(url, user='anonymous', passwd='@anonymous') as ftp_host:
    ftp_host.chdir(remote_path)
    for fn in tqdm(files_list, desc="Downloading file #"):
        pbar = tqdm(desc=fn, total=ftp_host.path.getsize(fn))
        ftp_host.download(
            fn, str(db_dir / fn),
            lambda block: pbar.update(len(block)))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Most savvy small business owners are familiar with the concept of content marketing. It is a phrase that is bandied around by SEO professionals with panache, usually when they are trying to sell a content management system. In theory content marketing is really simple: you write a few blogs, they get shared on social media, and new customers are instantly beating a path to your door. Unfortunately it isn't that simple and it can take time and effort to build an audience who actually read what you post online.
The biggest problem with content marketing is that most of us are suffering from some degree of brand fatigue. That is, we are bombarded with so much information online that we switch off to the majority of it. For this reason it is becomingly increasingly difficult for businesses to get their message across to a jaded audience. But whilst it is difficult, it isn't impossible – if you follow these tips.
It is easy to go off on a tangent when writing content for a blog. The subject matter might interest you or you are keen to impress other people within your niche, but what you need to remember is that the content you produce should be useful and informative to your core reader base. Anything less will not engage them and if you don't engage your customers, you will lose them.
There is so much online content to pick over these days that it is hard to be original, but putting your personality into anything you write will help to establish a more distinct voice. Be as creative as possible and try to offer a unique insight on your subject matter.
It is not enough to post a blog once in a while. If you want to build an audience, you need to have a regular content posting schedule so people know when to expect new material.
Sticking to a regular posting schedule is not always easy and real life can sometimes get in the way. Don't beat yourself up about this. Instead, outsource some of your content production to other experts in your field. Variety is good and allowing a few guest posts will keep it fresh, but keep a close eye on quality control to ensure that guest content is up to standard.
The online audience has an ever decreasing attention span. Most of us scan web pages and click away if nothing jumps out at us, therefore it is important that you break up blocks of text with visuals. Photos, infographics and video content help the readers absorb text more easily. And the more easily your message is absorbed, the more likely the reader is to engage with your brand.
Content marketing is a difficult nut to crack, but it can be done as long as the content you produce is original, informative, and engaging.
« What Is Brand Fatigue and How Can You Fix It?
Viral Marketing – Is It As Hard As Everyone Claims?


The cypress trees are the first to notice fall here in Louisiana. No amazing colors, though. They just brown and drop needles everywhere. The days are shortening and somewhat cooler on my morning walk. Love your pictures, especially the seabird (perfect shot) and the Japanese maple. They haven't started changing here.
Love the moody beach scenes and especially that fabulous seabird picture! I am fascinated by the seasonal changes in Maine and so enjoyed seeing how they show themselves to your discerning eye in California.


Cipla Medpro South Africa, wholly owned subsidiary of Cipla, India and South Africa's fourth largest pharmaceutical company in the private sector, has announced its plans to acquire a 100 per cent stake in Mirren, a South African over-the-counter (OTC) pharmaceutical manufacturer and distributor, which has been in operations for 35 years. The transaction is subject to the approval by the Competition Commission of South Africa.
Paul Miller, CEO of Cipla South Africa, said that once approved, the transaction will enhance Cipla's current OTC portfolio, by adding Mirren's well-established brands such as Broncol cough syrup, Coryx, Tensopyn, and Ultimag. This deal will also increase Cipla's local manufacturing footprint.
"We foresee that this transaction will aid Cipla greatly in future by further improving the range of quality medication that we are able to offer South Africans. Furthermore, Cipla aims to take full leverage of this proposed transaction to deliver on its ethos of "Caring for Life", by providing quality, affordable medical products", said Paul Miller.


text:
Algebraic variety
(Redirected from Algebraic varieties)
This article is about algebraic varieties. For the term "variety of algebras", see Variety (universal algebra).
The twisted cubic is a projective algebraic variety.
Algebraic varieties are the central objects of study in algebraic geometry. Classically, an algebraic variety is defined as the set of solutions of a system of polynomial equations over the real or complex numbers. Modern definitions generalize this concept in several different ways, while attempting to preserve the geometric intuition behind the original definition.[1]:58
Conventions regarding the definition of an algebraic variety differ slightly. For example, some definitions require an algebraic variety to be irreducible, which means that it is not the union of two smaller sets that are closed in the Zariski topology. Under this definition, non-irreducible algebraic varieties are called algebraic sets. Other conventions do not require irreducibility.
The fundamental theorem of algebra establishes a link between algebra and geometry by showing that a monic polynomial (an algebraic object) in one variable with complex number coefficients is determined by the set of its roots (a geometric object) in the complex plane. Generalizing this result, Hilbert's Nullstellensatz provides a fundamental correspondence between ideals of polynomial rings and algebraic sets. Using the Nullstellensatz and related results, mathematicians have established a strong correspondence between questions on algebraic sets and questions of ring theory. This correspondence is a defining feature of algebraic geometry.
Many algebraic varieties are manifolds, but an algebraic variety may have singular points while a manifold cannot. Algebraic varieties can be characterized by their dimension. Algebraic varieties of dimension one are called algebraic curves and algebraic varieties of dimension two are called algebraic surfaces.
Overview and definitionsEdit
An affine variety over an algebraically closed field is conceptually the easiest type of variety to define, which will be done in this section. Next, one can define projective and quasi-projective varieties in a similar way. The most general definition of a variety is obtained by patching together smaller quasi-projective varieties. It is not obvious that one can construct genuinely new examples of varieties in this way, but Nagata gave an example of such a new variety in the 1950s.
Affine varietiesEdit
Main article: Affine variety
For an algebraically closed field K and a natural number n, let An be affine n-space over K. The polynomials f in the ring K[x1, ..., xn] can be viewed as K-valued functions on An by evaluating f at the points in An, i.e. by choosing values in K for each xi. For each set S of polynomials in K[x1, ..., xn], define the zero-locus Z(S) to be the set of points in An on which the functions in S simultaneously vanish, that is to say
Z ( S ) = { x ∈ A n ∣ f ( x ) = 0 for all f ∈ S } . {\displaystyle Z(S)=\left\{x\in \mathbf {A} ^{n}\mid f(x)=0{\text{ for all }}f\in S\right\}.}
A subset V of An is called an affine algebraic set if V = Z(S) for some S.[1]:2 A nonempty affine algebraic set V is called irreducible if it cannot be written as the union of two proper algebraic subsets.[1]:3 An irreducible affine algebraic set is also called an affine variety.[1]:3 (Many authors use the phrase affine variety to refer to any affine algebraic set, irreducible or not[note 1])
Affine varieties can be given a natural topology by declaring the closed sets to be precisely the affine algebraic sets. This topology is called the Zariski topology.[1]:2
Given a subset V of An, we define I(V) to be the ideal of all polynomial functions vanishing on V:
I ( V ) = { f ∈ K [ x 1 , … , x n ] ∣ f ( x ) = 0 for all x ∈ V } . {\displaystyle I(V)=\left\{f\in K[x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n}]\mid f(x)=0{\text{ for all }}x\in V\right\}.}
For any affine algebraic set V, the coordinate ring or structure ring of V is the quotient of the polynomial ring by this ideal.[1]:4
Projective varieties and quasi-projective varietiesEdit
Main articles: Projective variety and Quasi-projective variety
Let k be an algebraically closed field and let Pn be the projective n-space over k. Let f in k[x0, ..., xn] be a homogeneous polynomial of degree d. It is not well-defined to evaluate f on points in Pn in homogeneous coordinates. However, because f is homogeneous, meaning that f (λx0, ..., λxn) = λd f (x0, ..., xn), it does make sense to ask whether f vanishes at a point [x0 : ... : xn]. For each set S of homogeneous polynomials, define the zero-locus of S to be the set of points in Pn on which the functions in S vanish:
Z ( S ) = { x ∈ P n ∣ f ( x ) = 0 for all f ∈ S } . {\displaystyle Z(S)=\{x\in \mathbf {P} ^{n}\mid f(x)=0{\text{ for all }}f\in S\}.}
A subset V of Pn is called a projective algebraic set if V = Z(S) for some S.[1]:9 An irreducible projective algebraic set is called a projective variety.[1]:10
Projective varieties are also equipped with the Zariski topology by declaring all algebraic sets to be closed.
Given a subset V of Pn, let I(V) be the ideal generated by all homogeneous polynomials vanishing on V. For any projective algebraic set V, the coordinate ring of V is the quotient of the polynomial ring by this ideal.[1]:10
A quasi-projective variety is a Zariski open subset of a projective variety. Notice that every affine variety is quasi-projective.[2] Notice also that the complement of an algebraic set in an affine variety is a quasi-projective variety; in the context of affine varieties, such a quasi-projective variety is usually not called a variety but a constructible set.
Abstract varietiesEdit
In classical algebraic geometry, all varieties were by definition quasi-projective varieties, meaning that they were open subvarieties of closed subvarieties of projective space. For example, in Chapter 1 of Hartshorne a variety over an algebraically closed field is defined to be a quasi-projective variety,[1]:15 but from Chapter 2 onwards, the term variety (also called an abstract variety) refers to a more general object, which locally is a quasi-projective variety, but when viewed as a whole is not necessarily quasi-projective; i.e. it might not have an embedding into projective space.[1]:105 So classically the definition of an algebraic variety required an embedding into projective space, and this embedding was used to define the topology on the variety and the regular functions on the variety. The disadvantage of such a definition is that not all varieties come with natural embeddings into projective space. For example, under this definition, the product P1 × P1 is not a variety until it is embedded into the projective space; this is usually done by the Segre embedding. However, any variety that admits one embedding into projective space admits many others by composing the embedding with the Veronese embedding. Consequently, many notions that should be intrinsic, such as the concept of a regular function, are not obviously so.
The earliest successful attempt to define an algebraic variety abstractly, without an embedding, was made by André Weil. In his Foundations of Algebraic Geometry, Weil defined an abstract algebraic variety using valuations. Claude Chevalley made a definition of a scheme, which served a similar purpose, but was more general. However, Alexander Grothendieck's definition of a scheme is more general still and has received the most widespread acceptance. In Grothendieck's language, an abstract algebraic variety is usually defined to be an integral, separated scheme of finite type over an algebraically closed field,[note 2] although some authors drop the irreducibility or the reducedness or the separateness condition or allow the underlying field to be not algebraically closed.[note 3] Classical algebraic varieties are the quasiprojective integral separated finite type schemes over an algebraically closed field.
Existence of non-quasiprojective abstract algebraic varietiesEdit
One of the earliest examples of a non-quasiprojective algebraic variety were given by Nagata.[3] Nagata's example was not complete (the analog of compactness), but soon afterwards he found an algebraic surface that was complete and non-projective.[4] Since then other examples have been found.
SubvarietyEdit
A subvariety is a subset of a variety that is itself a variety (with respect to the structure induced from the ambient variety). For example, every open subset of a variety is a variety. See also closed immersion.
Hilbert's Nullstellensatz says that closed subvarieties of an affine or projective variety are in one-to-one correspondence with the prime ideals or homogeneous prime ideals of the coordinate ring of the variety.
Affine varietyEdit
Example 1Edit
Let k = C, and A2 be the two-dimensional affine space over C. Polynomials in the ring C[x, y] can be viewed as complex valued functions on A2 by evaluating at the points in A2. Let subset S of C[x, y] contain a single element f (x, y):
f ( x , y ) = x + y − 1. {\displaystyle f(x,y)=x+y-1.}
The zero-locus of f (x, y) is the set of points in A2 on which this function vanishes: it is the set of all pairs of complex numbers (x, y) such that y = 1 − x. This is called a line in the affine plane. (In the classical topology coming from the topology on the complex numbers, a complex line is a real manifold of dimension two.) This is the set Z( f ):
Z ( f ) = { ( x , 1 − x ) ∈ C 2 } . {\displaystyle Z(f)=\{(x,1-x)\in \mathbf {C} ^{2}\}.}
Thus the subset V = Z( f ) of A2 is an algebraic set. The set V is not empty. It is irreducible, as it cannot be written as the union of two proper algebraic subsets. Thus it is an affine algebraic variety.
Let k = C, and A2 be the two-dimensional affine space over C. Polynomials in the ring C[x, y] can be viewed as complex valued functions on A2 by evaluating at the points in A2. Let subset S of C[x, y] contain a single element g(x, y):
g ( x , y ) = x 2 + y 2 − 1. {\displaystyle g(x,y)=x^{2}+y^{2}-1.}
The zero-locus of g(x, y) is the set of points in A2 on which this function vanishes, that is the set of points (x,y) such that x2 + y2 = 1. As g(x, y) is an absolutely irreducible polynomial, this is an algebraic variety. The set of its real points (that is the points for which x and y are real numbers), is known as the unit circle; this name is also often given to the whole variety.
The following example is neither a hypersurface, nor a linear space, nor a single point. Let A3 be the three-dimensional affine space over C. The set of points (x, x2, x3) for x in C is an algebraic variety, and more precisely an algebraic curve that is not contained in any plane.[note 4] It is the twisted cubic shown in the above figure. It may be defined by the equations
y − x 2 = 0 z − x 3 = 0 {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}y-x^{2}&=0\\z-x^{3}&=0\end{aligned}}}
The irreducibility of this algebraic set needs a proof. One approach in this case is to check that the projection (x, y, z) → (x, y) is injective on the set of the solutions and that its image is an irreducible plane curve.
For more difficult examples, a similar proof may always be given, but may imply a difficult computation: first a Gröbner basis computation to compute the dimension, followed by a random linear change of variables (not always needed); then a Gröbner basis computation for another monomial ordering to compute the projection and to prove that it is generically injective and that its image is a hypersurface, and finally a polynomial factorization to prove the irreducibility of the image.
Projective varietyEdit
A projective variety is a closed subvariety of a projective space. That is, it is the zero locus of a set of homogeneous polynomials that generate a prime ideal.
The affine plane curve y2 = x3 − x. The corresponding projective curve is called an elliptic curve.
A plane projective curve is the zero locus of an irreducible homogeneous polynomial in three indeterminates. The projective line P1 is an example of a projective curve; it can be viewed as the curve in the projective plane P2 = {[x, y, z]} defined by x = 0. For another example, first consider the affine cubic curve
y 2 = x 3 − x . {\displaystyle y^{2}=x^{3}-x.}
in the 2-dimensional affine space (over a field of characteristic not two). It has the associated cubic homogeneous polynomial equation:
y 2 z = x 3 − x z 2 , {\displaystyle y^{2}z=x^{3}-xz^{2},}
which defines a curve in P2 called an elliptic curve. The curve has genus one (genus formula); in particular, it is not isomorphic to the projective line P1, which has genus zero. Using genus to distinguish curves is very basic: in fact, the genus is the first invariant one uses to classify curves (see also the construction of moduli of algebraic curves).
Let V be a finite-dimensional vector space. The Grassmannian variety Gn(V) is the set of all n-dimensional subspaces of V. It is a projective variety: it is embedded into a projective space via the Plücker embedding:
{ G n ( V ) ↪ P ( ∧ n V ) ⟨ b 1 , … , b n ⟩ ↦ [ b 1 ∧ ⋯ ∧ b n ] {\displaystyle {\begin{cases}G_{n}(V)\hookrightarrow \mathbf {P} \left(\wedge ^{n}V\right)\\\langle b_{1},\ldots ,b_{n}\rangle \mapsto [b_{1}\wedge \cdots \wedge b_{n}]\end{cases}}}
where bi are any set of linearly independent vectors in V, ∧ n V {\displaystyle \wedge ^{n}V}
is the n-th exterior power of V, and the bracket [w] means the line spanned by the nonzero vector w.
The Grassmannian variety comes with a natural vector bundle (or locally free sheaf in other terminology) called the tautological bundle, which is important in the study of characteristic classes such as Chern classes.
Non-affine and non-projective exampleEdit
An algebraic variety can be neither affine nor projective. To give an example, let X = P1 × A1 and p: X → A1 the projection. It is an algebraic variety since it is a product of varieties. It is not affine since P1 is a closed subvariety of X (as the zero locus of p), but an affine variety cannot contain a projective variety of positive dimension as a closed subvariety. It is not projective either, since there is a nonconstant regular function on X; namely, p.
Another example of a non-affine non-projective variety is X = A2 - (0, 0) (cf. morphism of varieties#Examples.)
Basic resultsEdit
An affine algebraic set V is a variety if and only if I(V) is a prime ideal; equivalently, V is a variety if and only if its coordinate ring is an integral domain.[5]:52[1]:4
Every nonempty affine algebraic set may be written uniquely as a finite union of algebraic varieties (where none of the varieties in the decomposition is a subvariety of any other).[1]:5
The dimension of a variety may be defined in various equivalent ways. See Dimension of an algebraic variety for details.
A product of finitely many algebraic varieties (over an algebraically closed field) is an algebraic variety.
Isomorphism of algebraic varietiesEdit
See also: morphism of varieties
Let V1, V2 be algebraic varieties. We say V1 and V2 are isomorphic, and write V1 ≅ V2, if there are regular maps φ : V1 → V2 and ψ : V2 → V1 such that the compositions ψ ∘ φ and φ ∘ ψ are the identity maps on V1 and V2 respectively.
Discussion and generalizationsEdit
This section includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this section by introducing more precise citations. (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The basic definitions and facts above enable one to do classical algebraic geometry. To be able to do more — for example, to deal with varieties over fields that are not algebraically closed — some foundational changes are required. The modern notion of a variety is considerably more abstract than the one above, though equivalent in the case of varieties over algebraically closed fields. An abstract algebraic variety is a particular kind of scheme; the generalization to schemes on the geometric side enables an extension of the correspondence described above to a wider class of rings. A scheme is a locally ringed space such that every point has a neighbourhood that, as a locally ringed space, is isomorphic to a spectrum of a ring. Basically, a variety over k is a scheme whose structure sheaf is a sheaf of k-algebras with the property that the rings R that occur above are all integral domains and are all finitely generated k-algebras, that is to say, they are quotients of polynomial algebras by prime ideals.
This definition works over any field k. It allows you to glue affine varieties (along common open sets) without worrying whether the resulting object can be put into some projective space. This also leads to difficulties since one can introduce somewhat pathological objects, e.g. an affine line with zero doubled. Such objects are usually not considered varieties, and are eliminated by requiring the schemes underlying a variety to be separated. (Strictly speaking, there is also a third condition, namely, that one needs only finitely many affine patches in the definition above.)
Some modern researchers also remove the restriction on a variety having integral domain affine charts, and when speaking of a variety only require that the affine charts have trivial nilradical.
A complete variety is a variety such that any map from an open subset of a nonsingular curve into it can be extended uniquely to the whole curve. Every projective variety is complete, but not vice versa.
These varieties have been called "varieties in the sense of Serre", since Serre's foundational paper FAC on sheaf cohomology was written for them. They remain typical objects to start studying in algebraic geometry, even if more general objects are also used in an auxiliary way.
One way that leads to generalizations is to allow reducible algebraic sets (and fields k that aren't algebraically closed), so the rings R may not be integral domains. A more significant modification is to allow nilpotents in the sheaf of rings, that is, rings which are not reduced. This is one of several generalizations of classical algebraic geometry that are built into Grothendieck's theory of schemes.
Allowing nilpotent elements in rings is related to keeping track of "multiplicities" in algebraic geometry. For example, the closed subscheme of the affine line defined by x2 = 0 is different from the subscheme defined by x = 0 (the origin). More generally, the fiber of a morphism of schemes X → Y at a point of Y may be non-reduced, even if X and Y are reduced. Geometrically, this says that fibers of good mappings may have nontrivial "infinitesimal" structure.
There are further generalizations called algebraic spaces and stacks.
Algebraic manifoldsEdit
Main article: Algebraic manifold
An algebraic manifold is an algebraic variety that is also an m-dimensional manifold, and hence every sufficiently small local patch is isomorphic to km. Equivalently, the variety is smooth (free from singular points). When k is the real numbers, R, algebraic manifolds are called Nash manifolds. Algebraic manifolds can be defined as the zero set of a finite collection of analytic algebraic functions. Projective algebraic manifolds are an equivalent definition for projective varieties. The Riemann sphere is one example.
Variety (disambiguation) — listing also several mathematical meanings
Function field of an algebraic variety
Birational geometry
Abelian variety
Analytic variety
Zariski–Riemann space
Semi-algebraic set
FootnotesEdit
^ Hartshorne, p.xv, notes that his choice is not conventional; see for example, Harris, p.3
^ Hartshorne 1976, pp. 104–105
^ Liu, Qing. Algebraic Geometry and Arithmetic Curves, p. 55 Definition 2.3.47, and p. 88 Example 3.2.3
^ Harris, p.9; that it is irreducible is stated as an exercise in Hartshorne p.7
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Hartshorne, Robin (1977). Algebraic Geometry. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-90244-9.
^ Hartshorne, Exercise I.2.9, p.12
^ Nagata, Masayoshi (1956), "On the imbedding problem of abstract varieties in projective varieties", Memoirs of the College of Science, University of Kyoto. Series A: Mathematics, 30: 71–82, MR 0088035
^ Nagata, Masayoshi (1957), "On the imbeddings of abstract surfaces in projective varieties", Memoirs of the College of Science, University of Kyoto. Series A: Mathematics, 30: 231–235, MR 0094358
^ Harris, Joe (1992). Algebraic Geometry - A first course. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-97716-3.
Cox, David; John Little; Don O'Shea (1997). Ideals, Varieties, and Algorithms (second ed.). Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-94680-2.
Eisenbud, David (1999). Commutative Algebra with a View Toward Algebraic Geometry. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-94269-6.
Milne, James S. (2008). "Algebraic Geometry". Retrieved 2009-09-01.
This article incorporates material from Isomorphism of varieties on PlanetMath, which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Algebraic_variety&oldid=902448199"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


First: a huge thank you for all of your comments on the Emmy. You all are the best and It's nice to be able to share some of the non-quilting in my life.
Second: Last night I attended the first ever meeting of the LA Modern Quilt Guild. It was a great meeting full of amazing ladies and I'm so excited to meet like minded quilters in this area. If you live around here (or are willing to drive to LA) check out the guild. It looks to be a guild like no other, in a very good way!
Third: Remember this guy? Probably not because I started it two and a half years ago. The plan was to hand quilt circles all over this mother. I worked on it some, my hand-quilting sucked. It wasn't fun. So it was put away.
Well, two and a half years later I have resurrected this quilt from obscurity. I actually had to search for it when I decided to do this.
The hand-quilting was out. It's not my style and I'm just not interested. So I ripped it all out.
One of the reasons I didn't do this sooner is because I couldn't really think of a style of quilting that would work better than additional bubbles. Which is weird because once I came up with this straight lines idea, I liked it so much better! Maybe that's just my 2009 tastes compared to my 2007 tastes. Perhaps I'm less literal now.
So, if you weren't around back then and you want to read about this quilt's beginnings you can go right ahead!
For some reason I am craving a gumball. Grape, please.
great job!!!!! that quilt is so amazing!
I LOVE this quilt! It is so fun and playful. It was well worth it to get it finished.
So bummed that I missed the meeting last night. Hopefully there will be another one soon!
It was so much fun meeting you at the guild meeting last night!! Can't wait for our next meeting (Janice - Nov. 9th! Come!) and for all that is ahead for the LAMQG!
Hi Liz, I had a great time chatting with you too! I am also really looking forward to all the sewing we will all be doing together in the future. I LOVE this quilt, so original!! And I like the stripes, they play off the circles really well! The overlapping of the circles is genius.
Oh, it's so cute! Love it. And the lines are the perfect, understated finish.
Loved meeting you last night and now, YOU HAVE TO TEACH ME HOW TO DO CIRCLES. It's on my "want to learn" list. Perhaps a one on one sewing day?
i can't even say how jealous i am about your quilt group....i want to move to la!
Love the circle quilt! I think the vertical line quilting sets off the circles so well.
Hey, I remember that! It's absolutely excellent.
I'm still just as in love with our Star Wars quilt as day one. You're good.
gorgeous! i love how the stragih lines look with the big bubbles!
It's awesome! I love the circles, and the randomness. Congrats on getting this off your to-do list.
If rainbows were carbonated and could be poured into a glass, this is what you'd see at the top.
It looks wonderful!! The straight line stitching is a perfect match.
Liz- it is so simple in design that it is just breathtaking. I have the urge to break out my fabric and make something gorgeous now. Great job!
Wow! I dig those crazy circles. I think I need to watch Psycho Beach Party while making one of my own. LOVE, LOVE, LOVE.
As strange as it may sound, I have been waiting and waiting for this finished quilt. :) Thank you!!
JUST GAW-JUS ! i love "circles" ... any kind of "shapes". i wish i could meet u too - NO FAIR ! warmly, philyss seidenfeld.


Many of you, I suspect, are already aware of this - but I thought I'd flag it nonetheless.
The Royal Observatory Greenwich has been kitted out with some modern equipment - at the very least there's a C14 and piggy-backed refractors on a Paramount going on the photo - and the operators of the scopes are keen for public involvement.
I am sure the BAA would want to make its presence known, if it has not already done so.
It is a pity the gas giants will be at a southerly declination for some time yet, as I bet the public will be most keen to get a look at them through big scopes. But of course they will offer fantastic views of the moon, double stars and star clusters, for example.
Good to see it back in use.
However, I don't fancy trying a 400 star T-Point run with that manual dome!
Yes, I am sure that is right! It will be interesting to see what happens. There was a suggestion of spectroscopy in the article too, wasn't there? As well as giving people a peek through the scopes at bright targets, I think the operators should deploy the latest EAA software for showing essentially-live pics to a wider audience. Lucky imaging of planets and near-live imaging of asteroids, comets, globulars etc is possible even from that location. I know from my interactions with the public that people are amazed by what's possible now with the right hardware and software.


text:
Write To Rebel
Communism for the Internet Age
Popular Support for the Soviet Union
December 16, 2016 ~ commiedad	~ 1 Comment
A common anti-communist talking point is that past socialist societies have only been able to survive on the basis of coercion, rather than popular support. These critics often use this supposed coercion as evidence that socialism does not work or is not in the interests of the masses. If socialism did accomplish these things, reason the anti-communists, then surely the people would not need to be ruled by fear. This is a reasonable argument, but it is not based in fact. In this essay, I will prove that the Soviet system survived by the popular support of the working class, rather than by repression or force.
John Murphy Thomas writes in Stalin that, "Since the moment when they [the Bolsheviks] first secured a majority in the Soviets prior to the November Revolution they have retained the confidence of the majority, or they could not have maintained power." [1]
Emil Ludwig writes in his book of the same name that, "But if you take the progressive peasants and workers, not more than 15 percent are skeptical of the Soviet power, or are silent from fear or are waiting for the moment when they can undermine the Bolsheviks' state. On the other hand, about 85 percent of the more or less active people would urge us further than we want to go. We often have to put on the brakes. They would like to stamp out the last remnants of the intelligentsia. But we would not permit that. In the whole history of the world there never was a power that was supported by nine tenths of the population as the Soviet power is supported." [2]
In Soviet Policy and its Critics, J.R. Campbell writes that "the Communist Party could only function on the basis of the confidence of the workers; that this confidence was not created by propaganda, but by people testing from their own experience the quality of the political leadership of the Party; that before any policy could be carried out, the Communist Party had to secure the cooperation of millions of people who were not Party members, who were not under Party discipline, who could not be coerced into cooperation, but who could only be convinced on the basis of their experience; and that further, if in the progress of the struggle a change of direction was necessary, not only the Party, but tens of millions of non-party people had to be convinced of the need for this change of direction and had to understand the methods of carrying it through.
In carrying out its activities, the Party rests on the trade unions and on the Soviets. Without the support of the 20 million trade unionists, without the support of the peasantry, organized in the Soviets and in the collective farms, the Party could not last for a week, for it is not the dictatorship of the Party, but a dictatorship of the working-class, in alliance with the peasantry." [3]
Baldwin also writes about this in Liberty Under the Soviets, stating, "Even to tourists in Russia the absence of any moneyed class is at once apparent… No fine shops, no gay restaurants, no private motors–none of the trappings of wealth that lend color and variety to the life of bourgeois countries. Instead, a somewhat monotonous drabness and shabbiness, more than compensated for by the thought of its significance to the masses." [4]
Many prominent anti-communists have also asserted that the Soviet system was legitimate in the eyes of the masses. Richard Pipes wrote in Under the Bolshevik Regime that, "The British War Cabinet scheduled a meeting for July 29, 1919 to discuss the Russian situation. The news of Kolchak's reverses emboldened those who had all along wanted an accommodation with Lenin. Their thinking was reflected in a memorandum submitted to the Cabinet by a Treasury official and banker named Harvey. The document grossly distorted the internal situation in Russia to press the argument for abandoning the White cause. Its basic premise held that in a Civil War the victory went to the side that enjoyed greater popular support, from which it followed that since Lenin's government had beaten off all challengers it had to have the population behind it [the document stated]:
"It is impossible to account for the stability of the Bolshevik Government by terrorism alone…. When the Bolshevik fortunes seemed to be at the lowest ebb, a most vigorous offensive was launched before which the Kolchak forces are still in retreat. No terrorism, not even long suffer ing acquiescence, but something approaching enthusiasm is necessary for this. We must admit then that the present Russian government is accepted by the bulk of the Russian people." [5] The British state has dedicated millions of dollars and considerable mental effort to promoting anti-communist ideas. It is unlikely that it would utter a kind word about the Soviet Union unless it was absolutely true. The fact that even an ardently anti-communist empire is willing to concede this point is strong evidence that it has merit.
Many opponents would argue that the support enjoyed by the Soviet system was the result of the context in which it was formed. The Soviet people had never known anything but oppression and misery under the Tsar. Any improvement, no matter how marginal, would garner great popular support. Surely, now that the former Soviet citizens have experienced over two decades of capitalist democracy, they understand that the Soviet model is undesirable. Yet this is untrue. Ordinary citizens of former Soviet nations understand that they lived better under Communism. According to an article in the Globe and Mail, Karol, 14, and his sister Alina, 12, everyday trudge to a dump, where mixed industrial waste is deposited, just outside Swietochlowice, in formerly socialist Poland. There, along with their father, they look for scrap metal and second grade coal, anything to fetch a few dollars to buy a meager supply of groceries. "There was better life in Communism," says Karol's father, 49, repeating a refrain heard over and over again, not only in Poland, but also throughout the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. "I was working 25 years for the same company and now I cannot find a job – any job. They only want young and skilled workers." [6] According to Gustav Molnar, a political analyst with the Laszlo Teleki Institute, "the reality is that when foreign firms come here, they're only interested in hiring people under 30. It means half the population is out of the game." [7] That may suit the bottom lines of foreign corporations – and the overthrow of socialism may have been a pleasing intellectual outcome for well-fed, comfortable intellectuals from Boston – but it hardly suits that part of the Polish population that must scramble over mountains of industrial waste – or perish. Maciej Gdula, 34, a founding member of the group, Krytyka Polityczna, or Political Critique, complains that many Poles "are disillusioned with the unfulfilled promises of capitalism. They promised us a world of consumption, stability and freedom. Instead, we got an entire generation of Poles who emigrated to go wash dishes." [8] Under socialism "there was always work for everybody" [9] – at home.
A 2008 report in the Globe and Mail, a Canadian newspaper, noted that "many Russians interviewed said they still grieve for their long, lost country." Among the grievers is Zhanna Sribnaya, 37, a Moscow writer. Sribnaya remembers "Pioneer camps when everyone could go to the Black Sea for summer vacations. Now, only people with money can take those vacations." [10]
Ion Vancea, a Romanian who struggles to get by on a picayune $40 per month pension says, "It's true there was not much to buy back then, but now prices are so high we can't afford to buy food as well as pay for electricity." Echoing the words of many Romanians, Vancea adds, "Life was 10 times better under (Romanian Communist Party leader Nicolae) Ceausescu." [11] An opinion poll carried out last year found that Vancea isn't in the minority. Conducted by the Romanian polling organisation CSOP, the survey found that almost one-half of Romanians thought life was better under Ceauşescu, compared to less than one-quarter who thought life is better today. [12] And while Ceauşescu is remembered in the West as a Red devil, only seven percent said they suffered under Communism. Why do half of Romanians think life was better under the Reds? They point to full employment, decent living conditions for all, and guaranteed housing – advantages that disappeared with the fall of Communism [13].
In the former East Germany a new phenomenon has arisen: Ostalgie, a nostalgia for the GDR. During the Cold War era, East Germany's relative poverty was attributed to public ownership and central planning – sawdust in the gears of the economic engine, according to anti-socialist mythology. But the propaganda conveniently ignored the fact that the eastern part of Germany had always been less developed than its western part, that it had been plundered of its key human assets at the end of World War II by US occupation forces, that the Soviet Union had carted off everything of value to indemnify itself for its war losses, and that East Germany bore the brunt of Germany's war reparations to Moscow. [14] On top of that, those who fled East Germany were said to be escaping the repression of a brutal regime. This view is held by, among others, Hope M. Harrison. She is an associate professor of history and international affairs at George Washington University. While some may indeed have been ardent anti-Communists fleeing the state, most were economic refugees. Most of those who fled East Germany sought the embrace of a more prosperous West, whose riches depended in large measure on a history of slavery, colonialism, and ongoing imperialism—processes of capital accumulation the Communist countries eschewed and spent precious resources fighting against.
Today, nobody of an unprejudiced mind would say that the riches promised East Germans have been realized. Unemployment, once unheard of, runs in the double digits and rents have skyrocketed. The region's industrial infrastructure – weaker than West Germany's during the Cold War, but expanding — has now all but disappeared. And the population is dwindling, as economic refugees, following in the footsteps of Cold War refugees before them, make their way westward in search of jobs and opportunity. [15] "We were taught that capitalism was cruel," recalls Ralf Caemmerer, who works for Otis Elevator. "You know, it didn't turn out to be nonsense." [16] As to the claim that East Germans have "freedom" Heinz Kessler, a former East German defense minister replied tartly, "Millions of people in Eastern Europe are now free from employment, free from safe streets, free from health care, free from social security." [17].
Today, Stalin is considered the third greatest leader in Russian history, according to a poll by Russian television station Rossiya. [18] A Gallup poll confirms that about sixty percent of citizens in the former Soviet Union prefer it as it was before the transition to capitalism. Twice as many ex-soviets see dissolution of the soviet union as harmful than beneficial. "Only Azerbaijanis, Kazakhstanis and Turkmen are more likely to see benefit than harm from the breakup. Georgians are divided," says the report. Fifty-eight percent (58%) of people say they prefer state planning and distribution to the market system. [19] It is possible that this is a case of romanticizing the past, but seventy-five percent (75%) of Soviet citizens voted to keep the USSR before its dissolution, indicating that it brought them genuine benefits. [20]
The people of the USSR were by most accounts quite invested in its success. Szymanski wrote in 1984 that, "The Soviet system has a high degree of legitimacy among all of its citizens, and this is readily admitted by its critics both inside and outside the USSR." [21] This is evidenced by a saying that was common during the Stalin era. "Yes, there was a cult, but there was also a great man." [22]
A passage from James Harris' Stalin as General Secretary also supports the view that the general opinion of the Soviet system was positive. He writes that, "It appears that Stalin largely carried the central committee on the basis of his policies and, at the time, the concrete results they brought about." [23] The idea that Stalin's rule-and the Soviet system as a whole-was based on coercion is patently false, as this quote indicates.
I would like to conclude with a quote from The Kremlin and the People, written by the Moscow correspondent for the New York Times during the Stalin Era. He writes, "It is one of the strangest things, that the average Soviet Russian honestly believes that the system under which he lives, which we consider a tyranny, or dictatorship, or totalitarian regime, or anything save freedom–the average Russian thinks that his regime is freer than "the plutocratic oligarchy" (as he terms it) under which, he says, Americans live, move, and have their being. That's what the Russian says, and that's what the Russian thinks, and he doesn't believe in our freedoms, but he does believe in his own. It's amazing, but that's how it is" [24].
It is an utter myth that Soviet socialism had no popular support, but why should we pay that any mind? After all, it has been over twenty years since the collapse of the Soviet Union. I would argue that is important to disseminate positive information about the Soviet Union because of its prevalence in the popular consciousness. Working people rarely object to socialism on theoretical grounds. This is generally left to academics sitting in their ivory towers. The majority of the population see socialism as undesirable because of the supposed oppressive nature of socialist societies. The Soviet Union, of course, is one prominent example. If we can prove that the defects of the Soviet system are either fabricated or nonsystemic, we introduce the idea that socialism is a viable alternative to capitalism today.
Murphy, John Thomas. Stalin, London, John Lane, 1945, p. 173
Ludwig, Emil, Stalin. New York, New York: G. P. Putnam's sons, 1942, p. 175
Campbell, J. R. Soviet Policy and Its Critics. London: V. Gollancz, ltd., 1939, p. 15-16
Baldwin, Roger. Liberty under the Soviets, New York: Vanguard Press, 1928, p. 30
Pipes, Richard. Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime. New York: A.A. Knopf, 1993, p. 96
"Left behind by the luxury train," The Globe and Mail, March 29, 2000.
"Support dwindling in Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland," The Chicago Tribune, May 27, 2001.
Dan Bilefsky, "Polish left gets transfusion of young blood," The New York Times, March 12, 2010.
Globe and Mail (Canada), June 9, 2008.
"Disdain for Ceausescu passing as economy worsens," The Globe and Mail, December 23, 1999.
James Cross, "Romanians say communism was better than capitalism", 21st Century Socialism, October 18, 2010
"Opinion poll: 61% of Romanians consider communism a good idea", ActMedia Romanian News Agency, September 27, 2010.
Jacques R. Pauwels, "The Myth of the Good War: America in the Second World War," James Lorimer & Company, Toronto, 2002. p. 232-235.
"Warm, Fuzzy Feeling for East Germany's Grey Old Days," New York Times, January 13, 2004.
"Hard lessons in capitalism for Europe's unions," The Los Angeles Times, July 21, 2003.
New York Times, July 20, 1996, cited in Michael Parenti, "Blackshirts & Reds: Rational Fascism & the Overthrow of Communism," City Light Books, San Francisco, 1997, p. 118.
Guy Gavriel Kay, "The greatest Russians of all time?" The Globe and Mail (Toronto), January 10, 2009.
Neli Espova and Julie Ray, "Former Soviet countries see more harm from breakup," Gallup, December 19, 2013,
"Referendum on the preservation of the USSR," RIA Novosti, 2001
Szymanski, Albert. Human Rights in the Soviet Union. London: Zed Books, 1984, p. 274
Kreis, Steven, Stalin and the Cult of Personality. April 13, 2012, "The History Guide: Lectures on the Twentieth Century"
Harris, James. Stalin: A New History, 2005. Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press, 2005. p.64
Duranty, Walter. The Kremlin and the People. New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1941, p. 161
Capitalism, Socialism, and Stalin's Cult of Personality
December 6, 2016 ~ commiedad	~ 1 Comment
There is a widespread claim that socialism is unworkable because it invariably results in the elevation of a leader beyond reproach. The Soviet Union and Stalin are the most frequently cited examples. This argument takes the premise that cults of personality are universally harmful and extrapolates this to mean that socialism must therefore also be undesirable. In this essay, I will counter this perception.
There was, undoubtedly, a cult of personality surrounding J.V. Stalin. I am unaware of any serious historical account, sympathetic or otherwise, which denies this. The question is whether Stalin himself was the source of this cult or at least whether or not he was complicit in it. Khrushchev seemed to think this was the case. In his "Secret Speech" to the Twentieth Party Congress of the CPSU, he made the cult of personality the central premise of his denunciation of Stalin and his policies.
I would like to mention here that cults of personality are explicitly contrary to socialism. As I wrote in my post on the mass line, it is not the leaders who make history, it is the people themselves. Socialism is brought about by millions of proletarians acting together, not by one person issuing a decree. As such, it makes very little sense to place so much importance on one man, as cults of personality always do.
The Soviet Communist Party understood this point very well. After Stalin's death in 1953, the Central Committee of the party implemented a policy of explaining concisely and consistently that it is impermissible and foreign to the spirit of Marxism-Leninism to elevate one person, to transform him into a superman possessing supernatural characteristics, akin to those of a god. Nikita Khrushchev wrote in his "secret speech" that, "At present, we are concerned with a question which has immense importance for the party now and for the future—with how the cult of the person of Stalin has been gradually growing, the cult which became at a certain specific stage the source of a whole series of exceedingly serious and grave perversions of party principles, of party democracy, of revolutionary legality." [1]
It is interesting that Khrushchev stopped short of outright accusing Stalin of being responsible for the cult of personality (perhaps because, as we shall soon see, he could not have justified such a claim). However, in choosing to open the speech in this way, he made the personality cult the focus. Throughout the rest of the speech, he implied that Stalin himself fostered the cult and hoped that others would assume he did. Indeed, many did take it for granted, both within the CPSU—or at least the portion of it that wasn't purged between the twentieth and twenty-second party congresses—and throughout the capitalist world.
Surely, there can be little disagreement that the elevating of one person to a "superhuman… possessing supernatural characteristics, akin to those of a god" is an extraordinarily troublesome and unsavory thing. Stalin did not disagree. All available evidence indicates that Stalin opposed the personality cult surrounding him, and that he spent most of his leadership trying to counteract it. Here is just a small sampling of quotes to support this position.
"I must say in all conscience, comrades, that I do not deserve a good half of the flattering things that have been said here about me. I am, it appears, a hero of the October Revolution, the leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the leader of the Communist International, a legendary warrior-knight and all the rest of it. This is absurd, comrades, and quite unnecessary exaggeration. It is the sort of thing that is usually said at the graveside of a departed revolutionary. But I have no intention of dying yet."
– Stalin, June 1926 [2]
"You speak of your 'devotion' to me. Perhaps this is a phrase that came out accidentally. Perhaps… But if it is not a chance phrase, I would advise you to discard the 'principle' of devotion to persons. It is not the Bolshevik way. Be devoted to the working class, its Party, its state. That is a fine and useful thing. But do not confuse it with devotion to persons, this vain and useless bauble of weak-minded intellectuals."
– August 1930 [3]
"Marxism does not deny at all the role played by outstanding individuals or that history is made by people. But… great people are worth anything at all only to the extent that they are able to correctly understand these conditions, to understand how to change them…
Individual persons cannot decide. Decisions of individuals are always, or nearly always, one-sided decisions…
Never under any circumstances would our workers now tolerate power in the hands of one person. With us personages of the greatest authority are reduced to nonentities, become mere ciphers, as soon as the masses of the workers lose confidence in them."
– December 1931 [4]
Anti-Stalinists may read these quotes and assume that Stalin must have been a hypocrite, that he was merely brandishing a fashionable false modesty while in practice building up a cult around himself. However, Stalin's opposition to the cult of personality extended beyond mere words. Stalin repeatedly objected to attempts to hold national festivities or propaganda exhibitions in honor of his birthday on the grounds that "such undertakings lead to the strengthening of a 'cult of personality,' which is harmful and incompatible with the spirit of our party." [5][6]
In 1937, the Politburo attempted to rename Moscow to "Stalinodar," meaning "gift of Stalin," but Stalin managed to convince them not to proceed. [7] In 1938, Stalin opposed the publishing of Stories of the Childhood of Stalin, not only because it contained numerous exaggerations and inaccuracies, but also because in his own words, "the book has a tendency to engrave in the minds of Soviet children (and people in general) the personality cult of leaders, of infallible heroes." [8]
In 1945, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR awarded Stalin the "Hero of the Soviet Union" award, yet he refused to accept it. He could not of course prevent the Soviets from giving him the award after his death. [9]
But surely, insist the anti-Stalinists, a man as powerful as Stalin must have been able to do more to curb the cult of personality surrounding him! Few have responded to this assertion as concisely as Grover Furr in his book Khrushchev Lied. He writes, "Some have argued that Stalin's opposition to the cult around himself must have been hypocrisy. After all, Stalin was so powerful that if he had really wanted to put a stop to the cult, he could have done so. But this argument assumes what it should prove. To assume that he was that powerful is also to assume that Stalin was in fact what the "cult" absurdly made him out to be: an autocrat with supreme power over everything and everyone in the USSR. " [10]
Stalin was the General Secretary of the Party's Central Committee. He could be removed by the Central Committee at any time. His was only one vote in the Politburo of the Central Committee. Stalin tried to resign from his post as General Secretary four times. Each time, his attempt was rejected. The last such attempt was at the 19th Party Congress, in October 1952. It too was rejected. [11]. If Stalin really reveled in his position of power, would this have been the case? I think we can safely assume that the answer to this question is a resounding no.
The great majority of evidence points to the fact that Stalin was not only not responsible for the cult of personality that formed around him, he actively attempted to undermine it.
Still, an important question remains. If the cult of personality did not arise from the conscious decisions of Stalin and the Party, where did it come from? There is a great deal of evidence to support the idea that cults of personality served a material purpose. Scholars since Max Weber have observed that cults of personality can unify a group in times of crisis and inspire them to action. The cult of personality around Stalin rallied the masses around a common cause. It inspired them to not only win the war against the fascists, but also to rebuild their decimated economy after they had done so. {12]. These specific material conditions necessitated the development of a personality cult. The Civil War could also be said to have contributed to the existence of a personality cult around Lenin. Such cults are far from an intrinsic part of socialism. Therefore, the argument that socialism is undesirable because it leads to a cult of personality is patently false.
This argument is especially spurious when used by proponents of capitalism, especially those living in the United States. When talking about cults of personality or brainwashing, these "principled citizens" conveniently forget (or more likely choose to ignore) the fact that students are all but required to stand and recite the pledge of allegiance every morning. Day after day we see stories in the news about good-hearted police officers rescuing dogs or performing some other "selfless" deed. Both of these practices are regarded as 'showing respect to authority,' or simply 'being patriotic.'
In reality, they are meant to indoctrinate people into believing that America is not an oppressive state, despite it being built on slavery, Native genocide, and exploitation. None of these things are relegated to the past, as many would have you believe. The thirteenth amendment permits prison slavery, a fact that many capitalists have taken advantage of. [13]. Further, Native Americans are still subjected to the same kind of oppression they were during the founding of America. A Gallup independent study found that many reservations were comparable to the third world in terms of living conditions. [14]. The oppressive character of America is still very much alive. American personality cults exist to mask this oppressiveness. They deceive the people rather than inspiring them.
American cults of personality are much harder to spot than that which was present in the Soviet Union, but they exist nevertheless. They have been normalized through diffusion and subtlety. Although there are no statues of President Obama in the town squares, it is normal to center him in every political discussion. Indeed, this is true of all Presidents. The American personality cults are typically focused on a particular position (such as Presidents or the aforementioned police officers) rather than an individual person. In some cases (as with the American flag) personality cults are even ascribed to symbols. This serves only to obscure them further.
Not one U.S. head of State has ever disavowed these practices. On the contrary, they encourage them! Unlike the personality cult in the Soviet Union, which existed to inspire the masses to liberate themselves, the personality cults in the United States exist only to perpetuate the oppression of the working class and the marginalized.
On a purely theoretical level, it is apparent that the capitalist system is far more conducive to creating personality cults than any socialist system. Socialism, as mentioned above, is based on collective action undertaken by the masses. Capitalism, however, prides itself on individualism. It preaches the myth that any one person can rise to the top of the social ladder if only they work hard enough [15]. It heaps praise upon supposed "self-made" billionaires such as Henry Ford and Bill Gates, crediting them with innovation rather than the labor of hundreds of thousands of workers who actually produce products. Capitalism turns billionaires into king-like figures, perhaps even akin to gods, and there is no better definition for a cult of personality than this.
Based on all of the above evidence, we can conclude that if one is opposed to cults of personality, one ought to be a socialist rather than a capitalist.
N. Khrushchev, On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences (1956).
J.V. Stalin, Reply to the Greetings of the Workers of the Chief Railway Workshops in Tiflis (1926).
J.V. Stalin, Letter to Comrade Shatunovsky (1930).
J.V. Stalin, Talk With the German Author Emil Ludwig (1931).
G. Furr, Khrushchev Lied (Kettering: Erythros Press and Media, 2011), 223.
Ibid., 9.
J.V. Stalin, Letter on Publications for Children Directed to the Central Committee of the All Union Communist Youth(1938).
F. Chuev, Conversations with Molotov. From the Diary of F. Chuev (Moscow, 1994), 254.
G. Furr, 8.
Ibid., 22.
D. Brandenberger, Stalin as Symbol: a Case Study of the Cult of Personality and its Construction (University of Richmond, 2005)
E. Puryear, Shackled and Chained (PSL Publications, 2013)
May 5, 2004, Gallup Independent
"Social Mobility is a Myth," E. Zuesse (Business Insider, 2013)
Actually-Existing Socialism (15)
Marxist Analysis (4)
Marxist Theory (1)
Refutations (1)
People Power: Democracy and Popular Participation in Venezuela
Is Venezuelan Socialism A Disaster?
Nuclear Weapons in the DPRK
National Liberation and the DPRK
"Something which most other developing countries would envy": The DPRK's healthcare system – Leftist Critic on Socialism and Democracy in the DPRK
Wane on The Real Che Guevara
Javier on Is Venezuelan Socialism A Disaster?
Misc on The Successes of Socialism in the USSR


text:
Q: Subtract Rows in Postgresql using WINDOW functions I have following table called "Projects":

CREATE TABLE Projects (Task_ID integer, Start_Date date, End_Date date)

INSERT INTO Projects VALUES
(1, '2015-10-01', '2015-10-02'),
(2, '2015-10-02', '2015-10-03'),
(3, '2015-10-03', '2015-10-04'),
(4, '2015-10-13', '2015-10-14'),
(5, '2015-10-14', '2015-10-15'),
(6, '2015-10-28', '2015-10-29'),
(7, '2015-10-30', '2015-10-31')

It is guaranteed that the difference between the End_Date and the Start_Date is equal to 1 day for each row in the table.If the End_Date of the tasks are consecutive, then they are part of the same project. I need to write a query to output the start and end dates of projects listed by the number of days it took to complete the project in ascending order. If there is more than one project that have the same number of completion days, then it should be ordered by the start date of the project.

A: Here is the solution:
WITH results AS
(
SELECT p.*,
       extract('doy'
FROM p.start_date) AS start_Doy,
     extract('doy'
FROM p.end_date) AS end_Doy,
     ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY COUNT(*)
ORDER BY p.end_date) AS row_num,
         extract('doy'
FROM p.end_date) -(ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY COUNT(*)
ORDER BY p.end_date)) AS DIFF
FROM Projects p
GROUP BY p.task_id,
         p.start_date,
         p.end_date
ORDER BY p.end_date)
SELECT MIN(r.start_date) AS "Project Start Date",
       MAX(r.end_date) AS "Project End Date",
       (MAX(r.end_doy) - MIN(r.start_doy)) AS "Project Duration"
FROM results r
Group BY r.diff
ORDER BY "Project Duration",
         "Project Start Date"


Taking a closer look at the numbers of Pritzker's football players, a decline has been noted. In the year of 2013, 11.2% of the male population was part of the football team; however, we see a decline in the following year. Only 7.4% of male students were football athletes during the 2014 season.
The impact of injuries may have been a inevitable reason why students have showed less interest in the game. "They [the injuries] didn't keep me from playing, but they kept me from playing to my full potential," stated senior Austin Molina, who has been playing football for over four years.
Football assistant coach–also junior and senior IB/AP Biology teacher– Chris Duncan confirmed seeing a decline of participation with the football team. He acknowledges the parental decisions that are part of the team, but also notes the hysteria that comes along with it.
Similarly, J.R. Niklis, former NFL player and high school football coach at Neuqua Valley, believes that the game outweighs the injuries in high school football.
Abriel Cortez, junior football athlete, was recently injured, which expressed a challenge for the team due to the injuries; "Because there were so many injuries, the team struggled in having enough men on the field." Though, "the amount of discipline that it takes confronting very real fears," as Duncan stated, allows athletes to learn about discipline, which is a benefit because fear is inevitable.
Athletes and coaches acknowledge the critical safety needed for the game despite the many benefits that go in playing football, such as overcoming fears on the field.
On a broader scope, we see similar data to that of Pritzker. "Participation in football programs at 87 suburban high schools has dropped 18.7%," as displayed in the Daily Herald/Chicago Sun-Times.


Kaspersky does not ask for password to open the window (Endpoint Security 10). That is a big leak in the security as one can go through all the settings and see what rules are applied. Also, if the window is opened, if one can get the window to become unresponsive (happens quite easily on slightly slower systems), windows will ask to close the application as it is unresponsive, thereby crashing the AV. If one cannot open the window without a password, one cannot control its behavior.
Hi, I have asked my H.O. to log a complaint regarding the same, meanwhile, I've managed to find a workaround. If i create a rule that blocks everything (*.*) and then allow only specific sites, it works, sort of. This was my workaround. blocked site - *.* allowed sites - (all the ones we need & *.google.*) Blocked sites rule sits at #2 What this did was, blocked all sites http and https, but allows google sites, also Youtube.com. But, athough youtube.com opens and opens all video links, videos wont stream as kaspersky manages to block *.youtube.* and *.googlevideos.* using the rule block *.* . this seems to be working so far, so will update in case something else changes.
The said post was made back in January 2014, so I was under the impression that the issue must be resolved by now. Okay, I will submit a request for TS and share the number.
But then that fails the process of URL filtering. Since the AV sits between the OS and the NIC, it should block the first URL request that hits the NIC from the browser. If I did want to block all google services, I could simply block the entire IP Pool they use. But I don't want that. I specifically want the media streaming websites blocked, or atleast just youtube blocked.
Hi, I seem to have the same problem as well. I'm testing this on Windows 7 x64. I have KES10 (10.1.0.867(a)). http://youtube.com is blocked by KES. But https://youtube.com is allowed. Web Control - Enabled Rule name - block_youtube Filter content - Any content Apply to address - Individual Addresses *youtube.com* *youtu.be* Specify Users/Groups - Everyone Action - Block Schedule - Always This rule is above the default rule. Kindly help.


First Choice Credit Union offers members a unique way to keep their savings intact by using their savings as collateral for a loan. The interest rate on these loans is much lower than the rate on any other unsecured loans, plus your savings will still be earning dividends. The best part is when your loan is paid in full, you still have your savings.
Certificate and share secured loans are reported to the credit bureau, which offers a great way for young members to start building a positive credit history. Members that have had previous credit problems can also use this type of loan to help rebuild their credit.


text:
Inside America's Second Guantanamo: Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan's "Black Jail"
ByChristopher Blakeley
The prison in Guantanamo Bay has been a symbol of the War on Terror, a perverse enactment of justice upon those who attacked us on 9/11. Though the legal justification for the Bush-era institution is convoluted, it's not the only evolving relic of our overseas interventions in the Middle East.
Take Bagram Airfield, which currently houses over 65 Afghan prisoners who have been affiliated with Al-Qaeda, yet not formally charged with anything. With American troops leaving in 2014, their fate is uncertain.
If Guantanamo has taught us anything, it's that our overseas interventions have serious ethical quandaries and dangerous consequences. These not only cost us financially, but strike at the morality of the legal relationship that Americans have with our government.
Bagram, also known as the "Black Jail" by local Afghans, is located about seven miles from Charikar in the Parwan Province of Afghanistan, one of the secured provinces in the country. Most attacks by insurgents in the area rely on roadside bombs or grenade attacks. The prison itself consists of windowless, concrete cells that are illuminated by a single lightbulb. The detainees have no human contact, except for two interrogation sessions per day. Other detainees claim to have been held in solitary confinement, photographed naked, and deprived of sleep.
If we are going to detain prisoners on foreign soil during a military occupation, they should have the right to legal process we have reserved for both citizens and non-citizens alike. The Bush administration's John Yoo successfully argued that the Geneva Conventions do not apply to "enemy combatants" or individuals in country-less organizations like Al-Qaeda. In a positive and often forgotten action in 2009, the Obama administration retired that term, but still retained a broad "right to detain" those who provide assistance to Al-Qaeda and its associates around the globe.
This designation, while not specifically identifying any Islamic organization, could reasonably affect anyone in contact with a mosque or a madrasa. In light of the fact that the NSA has made it clear it needs the haystack to find the needle in surveillance of the enemy, there should be serious concerns. The definition is so broad; it is meaningless.
This doesn't bode well for future foes of American foreign policy, both abroad and at home. While these detainees aren't "enemy combatants," they are still in murky legal territory.
It appears that the Obama administration doesn't have any really decent options, but they have three realistic choices: turn them over to Karzai's government, try them as soon as possible and unfairly, or transfer them to another location for further uncertainty.
Karzai has made it clear that he doesn't like U.S.-run prisons, but was under agreement to let the Americans run it until 2014. What happens to the detainees afterwards will probably be less severe if the first option is chosen. The second option is logistically unfeasible since it's August already. Therefore, the third choice is the most likely scenario. After all, the United States has network of domestic terrorism prisons and undocumented immigrant prisons. If those don't work, we can siphon them off to other countries like the Obama administration did a couple of weeks ago when he transferred two detainees from Guantanamo to Algeria.
But what the Obama administration does with those at Bagram may well be a precursor to his ever-verbalized desire to close Guantanamo, the prison in Cuba which currently houses 166 inmates and is currently enduring a waining hunger strike over indefinite detention. The strike seems to be tapering off due to a pardon allowing prisoners to be with one another for the holy month of Ramadan. The irony of a country that espouses religious freedom not allowing people in prison to practice their religion is one that continues to be pervasive in the way we prosecute the War on Terror.
The reasons there is such uncertainty around these inmates is because in our rush to create a whole new kind of global conflict in the War on Terror, the country never stopped to ask ourselves the legal questions involved. As a result, Americans are stuck with the same issue that a drunken college student has the following morning: that glaring uncertainty about the repercussions of your actions, since you aren't quite sure what they caused. Until there is a publicly available, clearly defined legal process on how America is going to deal with these situations, and our enemies both foreign and domestic, we will sit in this state of Orwellian limbo.
Obama would do an historic move if he were to step forward and present such a vision. He should clearly define the boundaries and rationale for trying these individuals and what their crimes are. Another extremely important question that must be answered is the role of religion in this process. The focus of the War on Terror has been squarely on Islamic terrorism, but what happens if there's another threat? Do the same legal rules apply? If Obama were to step up and provide a clear, human rights based proposal, he would take a great step forward to ending key portions of our massive overseas interventions and illegal practices. He could, at least in one situation, be a champion of global human rights. Providing such legal ideas shouldn't be that hard for a former constitutional law professor.


The quick search is available on the header menu throughout all the pages on Oneserve. You can use the search to look up job references or sites without having to use the main search page.
The quick search will appear on the menu header on all pages throughout the system.
You can use the search to find jobs using the Job Ref, Client Ref or Sites/addresses can be searched with the site address. You will need to enter 3 character for the search to return results.


Some people have shared their perspectives on this and I'm asking 'do you know what can be done to discourage this trend and especially help our next generation'?
My Blogging course 'Design, Build and Monetize Blog' is launching in March. More men need to take that course to begin a viable online business journey..


text:
In the mid-'60s, Los Angeles was home to tough garage rock that rattled the city's teen clubs, while San Francisco acts tended to lean more towards the folk-rock and blues that would evolve into psychedelia. The bands that called Northern California's East Bay home seemed to be stuck somewhere in the middle -- tougher than the acts in the city Tony Bennett made famous, but no match for the L.A. bands. The East Bay had a thriving garage rock scene in the days before acid changed the game, and You Got Yours! East Bay Garage 1965-1967 features 24 songs from some of the scene's best acts. Most of these tunes hardly represent teen angst at its most thunderous, but there's a surprising degree of professionalism on display, and the best acts here -- the Baytovens, the Harbinger Complex, Peter Wheat & the Breadmen, and the Spyders -- display chops far beyond what one would expect from teen bands. There are a few doses of full-bore fuzztone on this set (most notably from the Just Six and Blue Lite Conspiracy), and the Soul Vendors and the Epics aren't afraid to show off the right teenage attitude. Fans of goofiness in rock will want to cue up "Dynosuar" by the Flintrocks and "Who Stole the Batmobile" by the Gotham City Crime Fighters (the latter group used to perform in bootleg Caped Crusader outfits, and featured future Tower of Power horn man Emilio Castillo on sax and keyboards), and the Shillings certainly get a prize for Best British Invasion Influenced Name, even if their music isn't quite so remarkable. If none of the bands on You Got Yours! rival the thunder of the Remains or the Sonics, this disc documents a lively garage scene that produced some top-caliber bands, and it's well worth a spin; points added for Alec Palao's excellent and informative liner notes.
tags 60's, East Bay, Garage, US, VA
Esquivel born 20 January 1918


SPRINGFIELD – Matt Hutchison, a Metamora resident and MBA student at the University of Illinois Springfield, helped the University of Illinois System's Discovery Partners Institute team finish in second place during the Final Four Pitch Competition hosted by Chicago-based 1871, a non-profit digital startup incubator, on July 31, 2018.
Teams from the University of Illinois System's Discovery Partners Institute, DePaul University's Coleman Entrepreneurship Center along with Michigan State University and Purdue University gathered to pitch their best business startup ideas in a competition similar to the television show Shark Tank.
Each university selected five student teams and each team had a display table to talk about their business idea. Attendees then voted for their favorite business idea from each university. The top team receiving the most votes from each university then competed in a live 5-minute pitch with Q&A from 1871 judges.
Hutchison's team pitched a company called AddIT, which would match the supply of specialized additive manufacturers around the world with its growing demand. The company would serve as a conduit to both consumers and enterprise in need of unique replacement parts—for old machinery, old buildings, or even new prototypes —with a large, diversified network of additive manufacturers seeking to timely capitalize on spare capacity.
Hutchison is currently earning his MBA at the UIS Peoria Center while working full-time as a supply chain manager for Caterpillar, Inc.
This is the first time that a UIS student has competed in the Final Four Pitch Competition.


text:
Fresh call for Solihull residents to get active
Action-plan follows concerns many people get almost no exercise at all
David IrwinLocal Democracy Reporter
An action-plan to encourage Solihull residents to get more exercise is taking shape, amid fears many do less than half an hour a week.
The council is drawing up a strategy to promote physical activity, dubbed Solihull on the Move, with a series of projects planned over the course of the next decade.
Schemes outlined at a meeting this week could include holding an annual "day without cars" and organising a "year of the bike".
The local authority also hopes that its Wildlife Ways work, creating more green corridors, will encourage walkers and that it can tap into "the burst of enthusiasm" around Birmingham's Commonwealth Games, in 2022.
With various events taking place at the NEC, Solihull hopes that the Commonwealth Games will encourage many residents.
Figures for Solihull have previously suggested around 29 per cent of residents get "very little" exercise.
Diabetes denial in Birmingham - more than a third at risk REFUSE help
Ruth Tennant, the council's director of public health, said: "If exercise was a prescription drug, everyone would be on it and we'd give it to everybody, because it has miracle effects on your physical health and mental health.
"So what we're trying to do is really say what are the things we have got at our disposal across the borough that we can use to get more people active.
"Whether it's about going out with your grandkids, taking them down the park, getting off the bus a stop earlier, getting on your bike..."
Major bike ride Velo set to return to Solihull streets next year
The local authority is also working with the NHS and is keen for more GPs to actually prescribe exercise to treat a range of conditions.
It is hoped that more local people will sign up to events including Parkruns.
Under this system, a patient with mental health issues could, for example, be encouraged to join a local Parkrun.
These are the Solihull parks to scoop a prestigious national award
Initiatives already underway include a partnership with Sport England, which is trying to promote healthier lifestyles in the north of the borough.
Cllr Joe Tildesley, cabinet member for leisure, tourism and sport, argued that this had to be a long-term project and the council needed to set "some really challenging targets" over the next 11 years.
"Let's grasp this really, really difficult thing to change, which is public health in the borough," he said.
Why living in Chelmsley Wood could knock 10 years off your life
"You will see we're talking about when we move to phase three [looking ahead to 2030], well I hope I'm still here in 2030. But can I say everyone I definitely won't be a councillor!
"I absolutely believe this is really a hugely important piece of work."
A "day without cars" is one of the more ambitious plans. (Image: Derby Telegraph)
Cllr Mark Wilson (Green, Smith's Wood) welcomed efforts to encourage more people out of their cars.
Climate emergency 'not going far enough', claims Green councillor
"This ticks a lot of boxes, obviously mental health, the physical wellbeing of people, the obesity...
"And also the climate issue as well, with the climate emergency that there is."
Trial scheme will attempt to tackle delays on busy Solihull road
Cllr Flo Nash (Lab, Kingshurst & Fordbridge) said she was very encouraged by some of the work already underway.
"This is what leisure is all about, caring for people and doing more, not just for the young but the elderly as well."


The World Cup is almost here, so Bitstarz is launching Journey to Russia – a brand new football mad promotion that's giving players the chance to win two tickets to the final in Moscow!
You didn't think that was all, did you? As Bitstarz is also giving every player a €50,000 total prize pool and much more soccertastic swag to play for too.
All any player has to do to win big is charge the progress bar found at the top personal dashboard with each new level bringing an automatic prize.
 JOIN BITSTARZ AND GET YOUR 5 BTC & 200 FREE SPINS WELCOME PACKAGE TODAY!