text:
Here's How to Pass Constitutional Carry…In Any State
by Dan Zimmerman |
Gun Owners of America's Rachel Malone (Dan Z for TTAG)
Let's face it: not all your legislators actually care about your rights. But all of them care about their next election. If they see huge numbers of their voting base actively showing up to the Capitol for this issue, they will start to fear that those same people will cost them their next election if they do not take action.
Enough people must show up for Constitutional Carry so that the legislators know they will receive significant praise when they act on it.
It's human nature to crave approval. Unfortunately, any legislators who take action to support gun rights are going to receive enormous negative pushback from anti-gunners who despise our rights. You can counteract that by publicly – and loudly – thanking and praising legislators who do the right thing.
Enough people must show up for Constitutional Carry so that enough legislators decide to prioritize the issue.
It's not sufficient for legislators to promise to vote for the bill if it gets to the floor. Bills die easily in the Texas Legislature. To keep a bill alive, legislators must give active support through the committee process to be sure it gets to the floor. This means that, among the hundreds of issues on a legislator's desk, Constitutional Carry must become one of the most important. That only happens when an issue is important enough to a large contingent of the member's voting base.
Enough people must show up to advocate for Constitutional Carry to squash the myths and lies propagated by those who oppose the legislation.
Any gun rights bill, no matter how large or small, is targeted by enemies of your freedom. Constitutional Carry legislation has been disparaged by those who claim it will allow attackers easier access to guns, or that removing the training requirement will endanger the public. Nothing could be further from the truth: data shows that violent crime rates decrease after a state adopts Constitutional Carry legislation. It's time to show up and proclaim the truth loudly enough to drown out the lies.
— Rachel Malone in Here's how to pass Constitutional Carry in Texas
Haven't we already seen demonstrated repeatedly that Dimwitocrat politicians ignore any opposing faction/factor? Even with near 50-50 splits among the voters? IIRC, Pelosi declared a public mandate for Dims due to 2020 voting (11 member majority).
Sam I Am,
Agree completely. Democrats will do whatever the party tells them to do whether or not it receives popular support.
And why shouldn't they? After all, if their party platform does not garner majority support from voters, Democrats will simply produce the number of bogus ballots needed to ensure that the ballot tally shows Democrats over the 50% mark after the counting is done.
Exactly. There will always be a few more votes to count. The days of calling the elections by midnight are over.
"The days of calling the elections by midnight are over."
True. Now we can "call" elections the day they are placed on the schedule.
Good, I think it is wise to allow time after election day for overseas military votes and other absentee votes to be counted.
common_stupid says:
You mean how Republitards blindly believe the election was stolen despite all evidence to the contrary because the Cheeto-in-command spoke it so?
Irony….sweet, sweet irony.
common_stupid,
… Republitards blindly believe the election was stolen despite all evidence to the contrary …
Interesting. Please share with us how polling places which received several hundred to several thousand consecutive ballots all voting for Joe Biden (and only Joe Biden) is evidence to the contrary of massive numbers of counterfeit ballots.
To be crystal clear, those ballot locations which reportedly received and counted several hundred to several thousand consecutive ballots all voting for Joe Biden and only Joe Biden — consecutive ballots for Joe Biden means not a single ballot voting for any other Presidential candidate (or failing to vote for any Presidential candidate at all) and without any votes for any other candidates down ballot) — a statistical impossibility.
Hey, uncommon. New avatar? I don't recall seeing one for you before…
muckraker says:
GFY!
Best wishes. I will be the first to cheer for Texas if they pass constitutional carry.
LKB says:
I think this author is rather naive and simplistic, and misses the realpolitik of what it will take to get constitutional carry through the House (it would almost certainly pass the Senate and be signed by Gov. Abbott if it did).
For those of you unfamiliar with the structure of Texas government, under the Texas Constitution of 1877 (post-Reconstruction constitution; designed to keep the state officials weak and make it hard to pass anything), the Speaker of the House is effectively the most powerful official in the state. He can effectively block anything he doesn't like from ever coming up for a vote in the very short (5 month) legislative session that occurs every other year. The Speaker also effectively controls who is named to chair various committees, and those committee chairmen can similarly bottle up bills they do not like.
For over a decade, the Speakers of the Texas House (first Strauss, then Bonnen) have been cronyist RINOs that got elected by the support of a minority of GOP members allying with the Dem minority (who would, understandibly, rather have a RINO as Speaker than a conservative), and who would then pass out committee chairs to supporters (including Dems) in exchange for their votes. (That the Texas GOP House caucus refuses to follow the official state party platform, which has long called for the caucus to select a candidate and then enforce party discipline to require caucus members to support that candidate, is a sore point — Texas GOP chair Allen West has been very vocal of late about this.)
At any event, both Strauss and Bonnen were actively opposed to constitutional carry. That meant that it really didn't matter how much support the bill might have — everyone knew it was a dead letter because these guys could arrange that it would never come up for a vote, or delay any vote so long that even if it passed, it would not have time to then be taken up and voted on by the Senate.
Thus, last time around, the constitutional carry bill was referred to a committee chaired by an anti-2A dem (Poncho Nevares) who was never going to let it see the light of day. After this became apparent, and 2A supporters began to make some noise about it, Bonnen stepped in and made it clear that the bill would never get a vote. And that was that — even hardcore 2A legislators knew and admitted that when the Speaker is opposed to something, trying to push it further won't work and is just a waste of valuable legislative time.
Right now, it looks like Dale Phelan will be the next Speaker. While he was one of Bonnen's minions, and is using the Strauss/Bonnen playbook of relying on "bipartisan" support to get the position (including promising various liberal Dems committee chairs), there is a glimmer of hope.
Phelan has a A+ rating from the TSRA, was the sponsor of the open carry bill in 2015, and last term authored a bill that allowed limited permitless carry during declared emergencies (e.g., hurricane evacuations). I haven't been able to find anything on his position on full constitutional carry.
Now, between a new state budget, redistricting, and all the other legislative housekeeping, there's going to be precious little time to take up other stuff this session.
Bottom line: if Phelan wants to block constitutional carry, we're screwed, no matter how many letters you write or how many people show up to hearings. If he supports it or at least is willing to let it come up for a timely vote, it'll probably pass.
To be clear, by "this author" I mean the author of the article, not Uncommon Sense.
Shire-man says:
Nope. Not all care about their next election.
Democrats are perfectly willing to torpedo their reelection chances for the sake of the long game.
VC says:
one question- and I am all for constiutional carry-
Just the same– if a cop asks a fellow if he is carrying, or if the gun is exposed, etc, how do you know if the guy is a felon or criminal? Will the cop stop him and call in his record? Just a question no one has answered
Is the person committing an actual crime or not? If the crime is only possession of a weapon then the issue is what he Could do more than what he is doing. The notion of criminalizing weapon possession by people with criminal records is a recent development and not one espoused in the USC.
Everyone agrees felons, particularly violent offenders, should be barred from holding weapons, including bats and knives, but there are things to consider in each case.
If a cop sees you driving a vehicle how does he know you didn't steal it?
The 4th Amendment is still a thing. For now at least.
Good point….for now.
hawkeye says:
Shire-man is correct. Probable cause. Generally, consider stop-and-frisk programs, DUI checkpoints, seizure warrants, etc.
However, if the Dems take the Senate and Biden is sworn in, all bets are off and "Parador" will be bumped up on the list of retirement location options.
"Shire-man is correct. Probable cause."
That can (and has been) fabricated by cops under the flimsiest of circumstances, and backed up by a judge friendly to the cop on the bench.
Job 1 – Don't motivate a cop to do just that. The ride is the penalty…
Mas Cool Arrow says:
Its really very simple. If the gun is in a holster or if long gun, slung,there is no issue. If the gun is being carried in the hand, or if long gun at high ready, there is a problem.
I can't find anything in the 2nd that mentions anything about prohibited persons.
Debbie W. says:
Good luck passing squat…
When voters are disenfranchised and two bit self serving politicians combine the needs of the people with political pork you get a Georgia….I predicted that on this forum weeks ago without one word from those who would rather make wagers on whether or not the perp is Black every time a headline crime is committed.
Perhaps now some people will pull their heads out of their behinds and cease being bigots and history illiterate, pasty mouth politically inept morons.
Kemp never should have nominated Loeffler in the first place, but as we're discovering, Kemp was a terrible choice as well. It was payback for campaign contributions. Democrats LOVE their abusive men (Warnock). They'll cover for them as long as possible. They only turned on Harvey Weinstein at the last second when the rest of the country learned what the democrat insiders knew all along.
True. She was a rino for sure.
It's unlikely there will be another R president so a mistake like sessions or Loeffler won't be made again. The democrats are far more careful not to open a seat like that, they weigh the odds of flipping a seat versus what a run of the mill authoritarian will do in a cabinet position
Due to extenuating circumstances across America Shoulda, Coulda, Woulda in Georgia are out the window. It's much more to it than voters being their usual ho hum nitpicking selves. Reasons not to go vote are as stated in my post, you must have missed them. Furthermore…When biden comes down to GA and dangles a $2000.00 carrot in front of people who are broke and all they have to do is vote democRat the results speak for themselves. You can thank stick in the mud mitch mcconnell et al for their months of unwavering assistance in helping biden make such an enticing offer.
I agree, Mitch should of pretended to support 2000.00 checks. The wisdom doesn't matter, we are dealing with emotions
Wait until the left creates truth commissions and starts making lists of Trump voters. Constitutional carry won't even be on the radar.
We are about to have more in common with a few wretched authoritarian states.
"Wait until the left creates truth commissions and starts making lists of Trump voters."
That idea has already been publicly floated in the Leftist press…
Apologies for being a wet blanket:
Reality is simple and destructive — hordes of people:
1) Have no idea what is going on.
2) Vote for people who appear to be "nice".
3) Have no courage and will vote for "security".
4) Will vote for evil politicians since the end justifies the means.
In other words a majority of the voters in our nation are ignorant, apathetic, naive, fearful, and corrupt — and will vote accordingly. Add the fact that legacy media and Big Tech. platforms actively promote Democrat politicians while actively suppressing Republican politicians and that usually tips the scales in favor of Democrats at elections.
I believe our nation is screwed at this point. Unless the minority can institute a "heckler's veto", the good days are over. As Adams aptly stated, "Our Constitution was made only for a moral and religious people. It is wholly inadequate to the government of any other." I believe his statement was/is accurate and we are seeing it come to pass.
Say what you will about Trump, but he's the first republican presidential candidate to successfully reach out to black voters in about 60 years. Black Georgians voted 93-94% for the democrat senators. There's a lot of work to be done there. I don't know how you do it with the dishonest media and tech companies. Their strategy was successful, so the disinformation and censorship will only get worse.
While it is true that Trump received more votes from the black demographic than any other President in the last 50+ years, it is a moot point for several reasons.
1) The black demographic is only about 13% of the U.S. population and does not represent a huge voting bloc in the first place.
2) White voters are choosing to support Democrat candidates at a faster pace than black voters changing sides to support Republicans.
3) People will choose "free" stuff almost every time over having to work for stuff. The black demographic is no exception. Since Democrats offer more "free" stuff than Republicans, all voters — including black voters — will gravitate heavily toward Democrats.
We are fighting an uphill — arguably unwinnable — battle against fundamental human nature. As commenter The Unspoken said below, the Republican Party is the "responsible" party. Needless to say, a metric crap-ton of people despise responsibility and will vote for the party that supports and rewards irresponsible behavior.
Democrats received less than 60% of the Hispanic vote last night. If black people voted like that, it wouldn't have been close. Let's assume the November election wasn't fraudulent in any way. The swing state margins were very small. 25% of black people voting republican would be a game changer. 25% of 13% amounts to a 3.25% difference. Take 3.25% from Biden in swing states, then add it to Trump, and notice what happens.
*I didn't take the existing Trump black vote into account. It was 13%. Democrats typically need 90%+ percent to win. So 25%-13% = an additional 12%. 12% of 13% is 1.56% of the average vote nationally. Removing 1.56% from Biden and giving it to Trump results in a 3% difference. That's the difference between winning and losing.
Your numbers are spot-on as far as I can tell. (I came up with virtually the same numbers myself about 9 months ago.)
The fundamental fact remains: how does a Republican candidate keep the 12% of black voting demographic that Trump won over and win over another 13% of the black demographic?
You also highlighted an important point: if Democrats historically need at least 90% of the black demographic to win elections, how were Democrats able to win the election with only 88% of the black vote — especially given how Trump won over a GIANT proportion of Latino votes? The answer is clear: either Democrats secured an even greater GIANT portion of white votes or Democrats submitted a large enough number of counterfeit ballots necessary to win the election.
Both possible explanations are nearly insurmountable.
"how does a Republican candidate keep the 12% of black voting demographic that Trump won over and win over another 13% of the black demographic?"
That's the dilemma. It NEVER happens without an honest media. Trump went around the media, but the tech companies are just getting warmed up with the censorship. Democrats LOVE censorship and propaganda.
And there was extensive voter fraud. No doubt.
EZ. Either run over his wife's toe (worked for Warnock) or get caught smoking crack with a ho (worked for Marion Barry). Black voters love grifters.
The Latino vote is vastly larger, and they are responding positively to our calling Socialism out for the evil that it is.
Over 30 percent now vote conservative from their personal observations of what's happening in Cuba, Venezuela, and Central America.
We need to exploit that resource in advertising targeting Latinos in general. Not fancy election catch phrases ("I'm with Her!" or "Make America Great Again"), pictures and video in their native languages by the people who experienced it warning other Latinos what they are in for if they get elected. Show what starvation really look like to people like themselves.
Just that will be a potent weapon. Putting a human face on what horrors socialism leads to…
TheUnspoken says:
4b) will vote for politicians who give them free money, free college, free phones, access to drugs, free internet, freedom to riot, etc
The Conservatives are basically the party of your parents or grandparents: "Sorry, you can't do that, it's not financially sound, we can't pay for that, you need to get a job, you need to think first and act like a grown up!" They may be right but you don't want to hear their wisdom until you get older.
The left is like an irresponsible (but seemingly fun) peer: "hey, let's get high, party, we don't need to be responsible, let's just have sex any way we like, want some free cash, let's listen to music or go spray graffiti downtown!" Add in some peer pressure and public shaming if people don't play along: "hey, join our crowd or you are all kinds of horrible words, and we won't like you, or talk to you, or even threaten you!"
One might seem wise but is kinda old fashioned, can be honest but blunt or painful, requires logic and delayed gratification. The other is fast, fun, with lots of heart and feelz and freebies, don't think just act, and has the appearance of cool with all the cool kids with their iPhones and celebrities over there. How can Conservatives compete?
The Unspoken,
You are 1000% correct.
Honestly, the true small government, fiscal conservative is a myth. That's how they all campaign, but that isn't how they govern. Rand Paul and a tiny handful of others can only do so much.
Umm . . . says:
TheUnspoken,
I've always seen it similarly, though worded it a bit differently.
A Republic is like a like-minded married couple who share decisions. They may contribute in different ways (work in or out of the home), but they work, they contribute, and they make decisions.
Their approaches diverge after, in a "nice" mood, they start allowing everyone in the house an equal say about what they and they alone have earned. Dad still tries to hold everyone accountable like adults (work, pay their own way, etc.) but then treats them like adults (shoot, borrow the car, stay out late) to precisely the extent that they act like it.
Mom becomes extremely "generous" with Dad's paycheck and expects nothing from the kids, but wants to mommy / micromanage everyone no matter how grown or mature they become. She can therefore count on the support of any kid who remains a "kid at heart" (irresponsible).
Under any normal circumstances, Dad can only count on the support (if any) of the small percentage of responsible members who want to be left alone and are willing to work for that privilege – so nothing ever goes his way unless a burglar, a clogged toilet, or Mom's spending spree requires some temporary crisis management.
Once Mom figures out that she can use his credit card to band-aid those crises (once or twice, but who's looking at the long term – the kids?!) Dad and everyone are permanently SOL.
Craig in IA says:
Turn out at rallies is one thing.
The actual timing of such events, however, along with an enthusiastic turn out is more important. And the turn out crowd needs to reflect a cross-section of normal society- people and types from every walk of life, not just a bunch of overfed, old, angry-looking guys and molls whose assembly would tend to scare the hell out of anyone passing by, especially if they had children along with them. Those are the ones who will be picked out for media portrayal, counter offenses, fund raising, and the left is very good at the character assassination program.
While I'm generally one to respect any and everyone's right to assemble, promote, protest and even exist, the crowd behind Rachel in the pic that's been shown here before is not going to bring in many from outside of the core of gun rights activists. Such a rally should be an advertisement for the subject that it is endorsing. I know there are many on "our side" who love to try to scare the general uninvolved public into seeing our point of view but this gernerally makes many want to run to their "government" for protection rather than convince them that they need to think about taking care of themselves first.
Food for thought the next time someone plans such a rally.
"I know there are many on "our side" who love to try to scare the general uninvolved public into seeing our point of view"
The term for that is intimidation or terroristic threatening.
The basic tactic of a schoolyard bully.
And that's what Leftists excel at… 🙂
"The term for that is intimidation…"
Yeah, I know, but that's a 5 syllable word! Forgive me, but I worked for decades around lesser-read types where the only 4 SYLLABLE word used much started with "mother". And then it was often cut to just 2…
300BlackoutFan says:
How do *States* pass Constitutional Carry shouldn't even be a question….
If "The Right to Keep and BEAR ARMS" is codified in the US Constitution via the Bill of Rights, then the 10th Amendment does not apply – ie it isn't delegated to the State to decide.
Furthermore, many (most? – Even CA, IIRC) has, in their State's Constitution, the equivalent of the 2nd Amendment.
This shouldn't be "how do we get a law passed (that will be ignored) that backs up the Bill of Rights and in many cases, a State's own Constitution". This should be "Why are we allowing our rights that are already codified in Legal Documents to be infringed in the first place"?
Incorrect, I'm afraid. The 9th and 10th Amendments were ratified specifically to prevent the central government from imposing on the States, except where specifically delegated power exists. The Second Amendment applied to the central government in order to prevent using the constitution to disarm the public, thence the States.
The imposition of the federal constitution upon the states (little"s" since 1868) created an impossible condition: the states retained all powers/rights not specifically delegated, but the central government could apply all its non-delegated powers upon the states. The original intent of the constitution was to preserve the power of the States and the people to control the central government. While a betrayal of the constitution, "the people", through elected representatives, became bond servants of the central committee in 1868. After that, the constitution became a weapon against the public.
Hard to see a silver lining at this point. Unless a Democrat senator grows a backbone it's going to be one party rule. Singapore comes to mind.
Joe Manchin said he wouldn't vote for the REALLY crazy stuff. His constituents will probably hold him to that. We'll see.
They threaten to starve WVa of money and he'll go along. If not BLM and Antifa will move on him.
You're making a great argument for keeping money in the states to begin with. It should never have to go through Washington first so those DC losers can take their cut and bribe the states with it.
It shouldn't have to, and it doesn't have to. I'm in 100% agreement about the ill effects and the wrongness of federal grants to the states – but they exist because the states want it that way. The states demand it that way.
The money is in the states right now. It comes from the states' people. There is absolutely no federal forcing-function (Constitutional provision, law, threats) keeping state "leaders" from taxing their own people to pay for their own stupid shit.
The only reason it's all laundered through "DC losers" is because the state "leaders" far prefer to receive it in the form of handouts so they can blame the feds for any ensuing taxes, debts, reductions in services, or delays.
Civil War II coming in 5 4 3 2…
Manse Jolly says:
Agree. Ya'll have heard me say it before. Peaceful Secession. Can it be peaceful=no.
Is conflict coming=yes. Don't know what form it will take, maybe like the IRA in the 70s.
With weird Harris being the tie-breaker in the Senate, if Perdue does not win, He won't, the Left will go full on green new deal, socialist BS, and all the rest of their plans. This will further anger people, and the People are plenty ticked off now.
Heck, gas just went up 0.10c at my local place. Up 0.20 in last two weeks. $4-5 gal here we come. Thank you leftist wackos.
`just sayin.
I always wonder why peaceful secession isn't possible.
Lefties are always going on about what leeches the red states are and how all the wealth is in the majestic blue states.
So why would the left shed blood and treasure to keep (in their words) a bunch of backward, deadbeat, bible-thumping anachronisms on the dole?
Seems like peaceful secession should be encouraged.
The leftist scum did not raise the gas prices.
The multinational oil companies raised the prices, you know, trumps wealthy friends.
Not only have they raised gas prices, Trump has opened up millions of acres to oil development and extraction, threatening these tax payer owned national treasures.
Isn't it strange, with millions of acres of reserves opened up to exploitation, you'd think the price would go down.
"The multinational oil companies raised the prices"
We finally got to the point that OPEC didn't dictate prices in this country. That also means we don't need strategic positions (AKA going to war) in the middle east to protect (or steal) resources. Biden has promised to end that.
Chris T in KY says:
It takes Politian's who are brave. And it takes gun voters to come out of the closet and publicly support them.
Its how we got constitutional carry in Kentucky. Folks got "stand your ground" in Ohio finally for the same reason. In DeWine's case it was heavy pressure that caused him to sign the bill.
GunnyGene says:
This is all well and good as long as 'the system' is working. But when the system fails, it's time to get medieval.
You be first. The living will sing your praises to you in Valhalla.
rt66paul says:
The sad truth here is there are a lot of "so called" pro-gun people who feel that they are responsible enough to carry, but that anyone of whatever other class (people of color, people who are of a religion or denomination of which they disagree, people in the "wrong" zip code, those that wear the "wrong" boots or hat, etc.), should not be allowed to carry a gun.
They are out there, they feel they are "real" Americans and those other people aren't. I abhor irresponsible gun use, but I am not the gun police. Just like table manners at the truck stop, some have them and others don't. It is not up to me to school you or to exclude you.
"The sad truth here is there are a lot of "so called" pro-gun people who feel that they are responsible enough to carry, but that anyone of whatever other class ….should not be allowed to carry a gun."
It is possible for two opposing truths to be valid, simultaneously. The Second Amendment is absolute. There definitely are people who should not be allowed in the same zip code where firearms are present. Hold to the absolute, but admit the reality.
I have no problem locking up dangerous people, who should not have guns. But many so called "Liberty people" do have a problem with that. San Francisco, Seattle, etc are full of dangerous people. They defecate in public. Urinate, shoot up drugs in public. They are dangerous people. But so called "Liberty people" are very comfortable with that.
But Libertarians are against forcing people to conform to minimum basic standards of conduct in public.
We should want government to take over the proper role of societies and communities and families and parents? Not a Libertarian (as understood today); not cool with that.
If the citizens will tolerate sloth, debauchery, dissolution, irresponsibility, even morality, why should "government" be the last resort of discipline? If citizens want nothing but hedonism and chaos, let them eat their own cake. The resulting "moral minority" can stay or go; either live their principles, or accept the shame of tolerance. When the need to go is great enough (desirable enough), a means will be found. No one is trapped by circumstance, but by shackles of their own making. (Just as I am trapped by mine)
"They" care about "Our" votes. That's either good propaganda or a sick joke.
"not all your legislators actually care about your rights"
Laws are only made to benefit the politicians not The People
Serpent_Vision says:
Sort of like how the massive pro-rights rally in Richmond discouraged the VA legislature and Governor from enacting a bunch of oppressive restrictions?????
Rachel Malone, formerly Operations Director of the Republican Party of Texas, was fired from that position because she was a powerful 2A advocate. She's the real deal. Texas Republicans? Not so much.
https://slowfacts.wordpress.com/2018/06/23/republican-party-of-texas-fires-pro-gun-activist/
Do you really believe the Democrat States (or any other State) will abide by the Full Faith And Credit clause of the Constitution concerning Carry Permits?
Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. And the Congress may by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.
"Do you really believe the Democrat State will abide by the Full Faith And Credit clause of the Constitution?"
Lawyers and doctors are not licensed nationwide. That condition has existed for at least the last 70yrs, yet the restrictions have never been overturned in court. So, the "full faith and credit" idea has limits recognized by all political parties and courts.


December 7, 2015 December 10, 2015 / Julie Brook, Esq.
In most cases you'll need to notice at least one deposition. Here's a handy overview for anyone new to California practice on what to include in your deposition notice and when to serve a subpoena along with it.
Any intention to reserve the right to use a video recording of the deposition of a treating or consulting physician or other expert at trial in lieu of live testimony.
Deposition notices will soon also have to disclose whether the party noticing the deposition (or a third party financing the litigation) has a contractual relationship with, or even just directed the use of, the particular deposition officer or court reporting agency recording the deposition. CCP §2025.220(a)(8), as amended by Stats. 2015 ch 346, AB 1197 (effective January 1, 2016).
For an organization's deposition, the deposition notice must also include a description of the matters on which examination is requested. CCP §2025.230.
The notice itself, or the accompanying proof of service, must list all parties or parties' attorneys on whom the deposition notice is being served. CCP §2025.240(a).
If you want oral testimony and production of documents at the deposition, then you'll also need to specify in your deposition notice each individual item or describe with reasonable particularity each category of items (including electronically stored information (ESI)) to be produced. CCP §2025.220(a)(4). If ESI is to be produced, specify the form of production desired, if any. CCP §2025.220(a)(7).
If the deponent is a party, you're all set—the deposition notice itself is sufficient to compel the appearance, testimony, and production of documents without the necessity of a subpoena. CCP §2025.280(a).
But if the deponent is not a party, then you'll also have to personally serve a subpoena and use Judicial Council Form SUBP-015 (Deposition Subpoena for Personal Appearance) to compel attendance and testimony. CCP §2025.280(b). The use of this form is mandatory. Cal Rules of Ct 1.31.
If you want to require the personal attendance of a nonparty witness and the production of documents at the deposition, you have to use Judicial Council Form SUBP-020 (Deposition Subpoena for Personal Appearance and Production of Documents and Things). In addition to the requirements for a subpoena for personal appearance, the deposition subpoena seeking production requires that you specify each individual item or describe with reasonable particularity each category of items to be produced. CCP §2020.510(a)(2).
You can personally serve a copy of the deposition subpoena on the witness (CCP §2020.220) and retain the original. CCP §2020.210(b). And make sure to attach a copy of the subpoena to the deposition notice, which you'll serve on all parties who have appeared in the action. CCP §2025.240(a).
In addition to the statutory requirements, many attorneys also include in the notice a statement that the deposition will continue from day to day until concluded. Or, if you anticipate a lengthy examination, the notice may specify that the deposition will be taken for two or more consecutive days. This practice discourages the deponent's counsel from unilaterally refusing to return to the deposition after the end of the first day.
Get a sample notice and practical help with all deposition procedures in CEB's California Civil Discovery Practice, chap 5. For step-by-step guidance on serving subpoenas, check out CEB's Handling Subpoenas (Action Guide).


text:
Huebner: Dartmouth's Best Kept Secret
This add-drop period, keep Social Impact Practicum courses in mind.
by Julia Huebner | 11/9/17 12:30am
When deciding where I'd go to college in my senior year of high school, I did what most Type A people do: I made a pro-con list. Good academics at Dartmouth and my contender? Check. Good people? Definitely at Dartmouth, or so I'd heard. Service opportunities? I wasn't so sure about Dartmouth's offerings. I thought New Hampshire was a tiny, idyllic state, bordered by Bernie Sanders and Ben & Jerry's. I assumed that diversity was nonexistent because 90 percent of people in New Hampshire are white.
Since coming to Dartmouth, I've learned that while there is little racial diversity in the Upper Valley, there is a wide range of socioeconomic diversity in the region. That reality, coupled with the opioid crisis that continues to plague the region, has highlighted the need and responsibility for community engagement at Dartmouth.
Center for Service associate director of academic and service engagement Ashley Doolittle noted that students do not need "to exoticize poverty for it to be something that you are interested in participating in ameliorating."
"You can walk out your door and there are about 500 nonprofits within an hour of Hanover," she added.
Some of those nonprofits partner with Dartmouth through student-run extracurricular clubs, like the Outdoor Leadership Experience and DREAM. While the Center for Service's extracurricular and off-term opportunities are strong, the Center's new "Social Impact Practicum" initiative is trying to weave social impact into the classroom in a program that could quickly become a selling point for prospective and current students interested in making an impact in the Upper Valley.
Doolittle, who helped found the SIP program, defined social impact practicums as "projects connecting community-defined needs with experiential learning in the classroom."
Doolittle works as "Match.com," as she put it, with community organizations and faculty to "find ways to mesh the two in a synergistic way that integrates [a capstone project] with the existing course." Previous SIP courses include Environmental Studies 7.04, "COVER Stories" and College Course 18, "Impact Design," both of which I took last spring without knowing they were SIP-designated courses. "COVER Stories" is a first-year seminar taught by environmental studies professor Terry Osborne that explores the intersection of environmentalism, power and privilege by partnering with COVER, a local nonprofit that re-roofs houses and builds accessibility ramps for patrons in the Upper Valley. In "Impact Design," students researched the physiological effects of delight and were divided into teams, each of which created a term-long user experience for an elderly community member with dementia and their spouse.
Those courses' uniqueness made them challenging, exciting and ultimately some of the most rewarding academic experiences I've had at the College.
According to Doolittle, every faculty member who taught a SIP course in the 2016-2017 academic year wanted to teach another in the 2017-2018 year.
Although initial feedback from the three primary stakeholders — community partners, faculty and students — was strong, creating the SIP program within the constraints of these three groups was a challenge.
Rather than approach community partners with student-generated ideas, the Center for Service conducted a wide-ranging need-finding survey of community organizations in the Upper Valley to gather content for social impact practicums. The center compiled about 100 defined needs for the previous school year, spanning 40 organizations.
"It was clear that there are about 10 community partners that are the 'go-to' for absolutely everyone on campus, and they are overwhelmed" said Doolittle.
The founders of the classroom-based SIPs designed the classes to reject the traditional "heart and hands" model of service, which suggests that service work is either physical or emotional in nature, excluding a need for innovation, problem-solving and strategy.
Students often lament the "Dartmouth bubble" of privilege and safety that we seldom leave during our four years here. SIP courses, Doolittle said, force students "beyond the Dartmouth bubble to the whole of the Upper Valley."
"The data show that it is a really important culminating experience for students who are interested in the social sector at large — and even those who are not — who are interested in the really big public issues of our time," she added.
Those issues will be explored in the eight SIP courses available this coming winter, including courses in the history, environmental studies, education and engineering departments. The Center for Service advertised the names of the winter 2018 SIP courses in an all-campus email last week and students can contact Doolittle for an updated list of classes.
As I take more classes, begrudgingly decide on a major and narrow my professional interests at Dartmouth, it can seem that the tradeoff between altruist public-sector work and private-sector, "soul-selling" work is inevitable. SIP classes question that assumption by melding local, community-centered experience into Dartmouth's curricula that foster continued contact (and even friendship) with people in our area that last far longer than 10 weeks. For any current and prospective students worried about balancing altruism with schoolwork — and wondering if volunteer efforts actually benefit the people they are aimed toward — these classes provide a clear answer.
Tags: opinion, staff-columns
Somewhat Secure
Chen: Lost: Please Help
Verbum Ultimum: An Expedient Decision

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Does not produce error on any column deletion if not configured specifically using code. Error if any used table column is deleted.
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The K2 Black Panther is a new generation of main battle tank (MBT) designed, developed and manufactured in South Korea by the South Korean Company Hyundai Rotem. The K2 was unveiled for the first time to the public during the Defense Exhibition ADEX at the Seoul Airport in October 2009. This new tank will replace the old M48 Patton main battle tank currently in service with the South Korea army. South Korean company Hyundai Rotem signed on 29 December, 2015, a contract to supply an unspecified number of K2 (Black Panther) main battle tanks (MBTs) to the Republic of Korea Army (RoKA). The South Korean government and Hyundai Rotem signed a $820 million contract for 100 K2 MBTs in 2014. The ROKA currently operates 100 K2tanks fitted with a license-built German MTU 883 diesel engine and Renk transmission system. Overall, the ROKA has a requirement for over 600 K2 tanks (some sources say 400) complementing its K1 MBT force and replacing its aging fleet of M48 Patton MBTs as they are being slowly phased out. The Turkish-made main battle tank Altay uses the technology systems developed for the South Korean K2 MBT by Hyundai Rotem. Altay will have the stronger chassis characteristics of the K2 Black Panther MBT. It will have a re-designed Turkish turret and heavier armour than the K2. In late September 2013, South Korea entered the K2 Black Panther in the Peruvian Army's future tank competition.
* Integration of a high-resolution terrain-scanning system to the vehicle's suspension system. This is purported to allow the vehicle to "plan ahead" by scanning nearby terrain up to 50 meters away in all directions and calculate the optimal position of the bogies in order to improve vehicle handling over uneven terrain.
* Integration of a hard-kill anti-missile system.
* Addition of Non-Explosive Reactive Armor (NERA).
* Potentially replacing the 120 mm / L55 gun with an electrothermal-chemical gun, which will significantly increase the vehicle's firepower and potential payload.
The main armament of the K2 Black Panther consists of a German-made Rheinmetall 120-mm/ L55 smoothbore gun produced under license in South Korea. The gun is fitted with an automatic loader which ensures the loading of projectiles on the move even when the vehicle moves on uneven surfaces. The 120mm gun can fire about 10 rounds per minute. With a total supply of 40 various rounds, the Black Panther can rain hellfire on an enemy position for nearly three minutes before needing a resupply. A total of 16 rounds are stored in the autoloader and 24 rounds are stored inside the hull. The K2 can fire a wide range of munitions using its main gun including, but not limited to, an indigenously developed and improved tungsten APFSDS kinetic energy penetrators, which offer significantly better penetration than the previous generation tungsten rounds, and multi-purpose HEAT chemical energy rounds similar to the American M830A1 HEAT MP-T that can be used against personnel, unarmored and lightly armored vehicles on the ground as well as low-flying helicopters. A 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun is mounted to the left side of the main armament. A 12.7 mm K-6 heavy machine gun is mounted on the top right of the turret. Visual and Infrared Screening Smoke (VIRSS) grenade launchers mounted on each side at the front of the turret also complement the defensive layer of the Black Panther.
The layout of the K2 MBT is conventional, with the driver's compartment at the front, fighting compartment in the centre and engine and transmission at the rear. The armor on the Black Panther consists of an unknown type of composite armor and an Active Defense System utilizing Explosive Reactive Armor blocks. The K2 has a crew of three with driver at the front center of the hull and commander and gunner in the turret. Systems protection of the K2 includes a millimeter band radar system mounted on the turret which is used as a Missile Approach Warning System (MAWS). The tank's computer in turn can triangulate incoming projectiles, immediately warn the vehicle crew and fire off Visual and Infrared Screening Smoke (VIRSS) grenades, which can effectively block optical, infrared and radar signatures. Once the hard-kill AMS is installed, the radar system will also be responsible for tracking and targeting the incoming missiles for the AMS. The K2 also has a Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) and radar jammer. Four all-bearing Laser warning receivers (LWR) are also present to alert the crew should the vehicle become "painted", and the computer can also fire off VIRSS grenades in the direction that the beam is coming from.
The K2 Black Panther was previously motorized with a MT 833 diesel engine from Tognum, but the latest version of the tank is now fitted with a license-built German MTU 883 diesel engine and Renk transmission system. The engine generates 1,500 hp. and provides a power to weight ratio of 27.3hp/t. The fully automatic transmission of the K2 includes five forward and three reverse gears. The K2 can run at a maximum speed 70 km/h on surface roads, while being able to maintain speeds up to 48 km/h on off-road conditions. It can accelerate from 0 to 32 km/h within 7 seconds. It can also climb 60 degree slopes and vertical obstacles 1.3 meters in height. Suspension of the K2 Black Panther consists each side of six dual rubber-tyred roadwheels, track-return rollers with drive sprocket at the rear and idler at the front. The upper part of the suspension is covered by an armoured skirt. The K2 Black Panther fields an advanced suspension system, called the In-arm Suspension Unit (ISU), which allows for individual control of every bogie on the tracks. This allows the tank to kneel so that the main armament can be depressed to -10º.
The K2 Black Panther is equipped with an advanced fire-control system (FCS) linked to a millimeter band radar system deployed on the frontal arc of the turret, along with a traditional laser range-finder and crosswind sensor. The system is capable of a "lock-on" mode, which can acquire and track specific targets up to a range of 9.8 km using thermal optics. This allows the crew to fire accurately while moving as well as effectively engage low-flying aircraft. The gunner sight includes Gunner's Primary Sight (KGPS) and commander is equipped with Korean Commander's Panoramic Sight (KCPS). The commander has the ability to override the command to take control of the turret and gun from the gunner. The K2 Black Panther is fitted with a collective nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) protection system. The ammunition compartment is equipped with a blow-off panel for protecting the crew against the explosion of ammunition. An automatic fire suppression system is programmed to detect and put out any internal fires that may occur, and atmospheric sensors alert the crew if the tank enters a hazardous environment. The K2 can cross rivers as deep as 5 meters using a snorkel system, which also serves as a conning tower for the tank commander. The system takes approximately 30 minutes to prepare. The turret becomes watertight while fording, but the chassis can take in 500 gallons of water to prevent excessive buoyancy from air inside the vehicle and keep the tracks planted firmly on the ground. Furthermore, the tank can enter combat-ready status as soon as it resurfaces.
Composite armour protection and ERA Explosive Reactive Armor blocks.


The next time you don't change the font from default Calibri, perhaps consider the cost that companies go to to license typefaces. AdWeek reports, "Netflix has developed a new bespoke font called Netflix Sans that is clean, functional, subtly inspired by the brand's famous logo—and perhaps most important of all, economical.
"One of the design leads, Noah Nathan… writes: With the global nature of Netflix's business, font licensing can get quite expensive. Developing this typeface not only created an ownable and unique element for the brand's aesthetic (moving Netflix away from Gotham, which is widely used in the entertainment industry), but saves the company millions of dollars a year as foundries move towards impression-based licensing for their typefaces in many digital advertising spaces." Netflix is not the first company to develop its own font. Others include Apple, Google, IBM, and Samsung.
Bonus Fun Scroll: AdWeek has a separate post about the different typefaces used in popular logos.
Both the House and Senate are in session this week as FY2019 appropriations hearings continue. The House will also consider a series of IRS and identity-protection bills this week. The House Agriculture Committee will also markup the Farm Bill on Wednesday.
Friday (April 20): House Transportation and Infrastructure Subcommittee field hearing on concepts for the next Water Resources Development Act, to be held in Coos Bay, Oregon.
President Trump will also head to Peru for the Summit of the Americas happening Friday and Saturday, April 13 and 14.
Congress returns with all eyes looking to House and Senate hearings with Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg. Committees will also continue work on FY2019 appropriations with several administration officials testifying.
Friday (April 13): House Appropriations Subcommittee hearing on the FY2019 budget for the Federal Emergency Management Agency, with testimony from Administrator Brock Long; House Armed Services Subcommittee hearing on the FY2019 military personnel posture; House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee hearing on challenges and opportunities for high octane fuels and high efficiency vehicles.
Not surprisingly, the numbers are higher for younger generations. "Younger adults are at the vanguard of the constantly connected: Roughly four-in-ten 18- to 29-year-olds (39%) now go online almost constantly and 49% go online multiple times per day. … Americans ages 30 to 49 are now about as likely as younger adults to use the internet almost constantly (36% versus 39%). The share of 30- to 49-year olds who say this has risen 12 percentage points since 2015.
President Trump plans to travel to New Hampshire Monday. WMUR reports the president, "will hold an event at Manchester Community College and then stop at the Manchester Central Fire Station. Additional details have yet to be disclosed." The president is expected to address the opioid epidemic.
Primary focus this week is on an omnibus government funding package; the current government funding bill expires Friday. Administration officials also head to the Hill this week to continue hearings on FY2019 budget requests.
Friday (March 23): Stopgap government funding bill expires; House Veterans' Affairs Committee field hearing on VA community care in North Carolina.
BONUS FACT: United Launch Alliance this week had its 126th successful launch.
Digital Trends reports on a new report from Pew Research that finds, "Facebook and YouTube remain the leaders in terms of social media consumption. Pew reports that 68 percent of all Americans use Facebook, and three-quarters of those users access the site on a daily basis. Among those under the age of 65, Facebook appears to be a fairly universal platform, with a wide range of demographics represented on the site.
President Trump is expected to sign new tariffs on steel and aluminum next week after he announced the move this past Thursday. The president is also reportedly meeting with video game makers this week in the wake of the Florida school shooting.
Negotiations continue toward a government funding bill this week, ahead of the March 23 deadline. Also this week the Senate will vote on a financial services bill – rolling back parts of Dodd-Frank. Reuters reports that the bill has strong bipartisan backing in the Senate and that the bill's main sponsor, Senator Crapo is looking for policies to add to help accelerate passage in the House. Meanwhile, the House this week is expected to consider two bills aimed at easing EPA rules on air pollution.
Thursday (March 8): Senate HELP Committee hearing on state leadership and innovation in the opioid crisis; Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on U.S. European Command; House Armed Services Subcommittee hearings on Mobility and Transportation Command posture and Arlington National Cemetery; House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee hearing on U.S. public health preparedness for and response efforts to seasonal influenza; Democratic National Committee winter meeting (through March 10).
BONUS: Despite declining viewership, NBC will bring in $1.4 billion in advertising revenue between the Super Bowl and the Olympics.
The White House is expected to release its FY2019 budget and infrastructure proposal both on Monday. OMB Director Mick Mulvaney will head to Capitol Hill for several budget hearings this week, beginning with the Senate Budget Committee on Tuesday and House Budget Committee on Wednesday. Treasury Secretary Mnuchin will testify at the Senate Finance Committee on Wednesday and at the House Ways and Means Committee on Thursday.
It's a busy week on Capitol Hill with several hearings on the White House Budget request. The Senate is also expected to begin debate on immigration on Monday evening. The House is expected to consider two financial services bills.
Friday (February 16): Senate Finance Subcommittee hearing on trade enforcement and infrastructure; House Energy and Oversight Subcommittee oversight hearing of the Federal Communications Commission; House Financial Services Subcommittee hearing on the administration's perspective on CFIUS.


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Meet the real villain in the public pension crisis
CORPaTH2015-03-17T22:30:08-07:00March 17th, 2015|Categories: Pension Reform|Tags: pension crisis, public pensions, tennessee|
Over the last year, the city of Memphis, Tennessee, has been bleeding firefighters and police officers. Two hundred and fifty of them quit, others retired, and replacements are becoming more difficult to attract. This past July, just over half the city's police force took a sick day in protest.
Their complaint? A December decision by the City Council to partially move public employee's pensions to a hybrid system that includes 401(k)-style accounts for workers with 7.5 years of tenure or less.
Memphis is not unique in this regard; over the last few years, political and legal battles over public employee pensions have erupted in cities and states alike, including New Jersey, Illinois, Rhode Island, Louisiana, and Detroit. But Memphis stands out for the ferocity with which everyday working Americans have responded to the changes. And it serves as a microcosm for the ways those workers are paying the price for the sins of the American economic elite.
The way most public pension plans work is that a certain portion of an employee's wages are diverted into an investment portfolio — pooling many workers into one pot — and they're promised a certain level of income from that portfolio in retirement. When people say these pensions — called defined-benefit plans — face a funding shortfall, what they mean is the combined value of the investments plus their expected returns will not cover all the obligations the public employer in question will owe to retirees over a 30-year time horizon.
The alternative — called defined-contribution plans — simply obligates a certain contribution into the portfolio, and the employees get what they get out of it depending on how the portfolio performs.
Defined-benefit plans were actually common in the private sector up through the 1970s. But since then there's been a massive shift to the defined-contribution package — such as the ubiquitous 401(k)s — in the private sector, and the current city and state fights are over efforts to move public employee pensions in the same direction.
Critics of the defined-benefit plans often assert this is necessary because governments use the more generous packages as cover for fiscally deceptive political games, promising workers future benefits while not properly funding the plans and instead spending the money in the here and now.
This argument is largely bogus. The National Association of State Retirement Administrators (NASRA) recently looked at the management of 112 state-administered pension funds from 2001 to 2013. They found the plans received an average of 89 percent of their required annual contributions, and only six states — New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Washington, North Dakota, Kansas, and Colorado — averaged less than 75 percent. Half the plans got 95 percent of the needed amount.
"There is a perception that many plans and states have failed, when in fact it's only a handful of states," Keith Brainard, NASRA's research director, told Business Insurance. With the exception of a handful of outliers, "most states have made a reasonably good effort."
A 2011 study by the Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR) came to the same conclusion. What went wrong, in a nutshell, was the 2008 financial crisis. The plans NASRA looked at were just beginning to close a modest gap opened up by the 2001 recession, plus some changes to benefits, when the latest crash expanded the combined shortfall of all the plans from $5.8 billion in 2008 to $17.8 billion in 2013. It hit a nadir at $19 billion in 2012.
In Memphis specifically, the 2008 collapse blew a big hole in the city's pension investment. It went from a surplus — 104.5 percent of the needed assets — to just 79.8 percent. Keep in mind that, like many public employees throughout the country, Memphis' workers don't get Social Security. Their pension plans will likely be their only lifeline in their later years. And firefighters and cops in particular tend to retire early, given the stresses of their jobs.
Frankly, outside the impacts of the recession, these shortfalls are not that big a deal. It's a gap that needs to be closed over the course of 30 years. As of 2014, the money that would be needed to plug the total hole amountedto just 0.2 percent of the economic output the states are expected to generate over that time stretch, and 2 percent of expected tax revenue.
"We don't tax people today to pre-fund schools or the fire department," Dean Baker, the co-director of CEPR, pointed out to The Nation's Chris Hayes in 2011. "We generally think you want to pay for services as they go."
And that's before you consider that the accounting methodologies often used to assess public pensions inappropriately downplay how much the investments are likely to return.
The money is there if we're willing to use it, but we're not. Teachers, firefighter, police officers, and other public employees are expected to eat cuts to their retirement security, as their employers renege on contractual promises. Even though, when you look at total compensation — wages and benefits — public sector employees arguably make less than private sector workers with comparable skills and experience. And they're expected to eat this cut because of the 2008 financial crisis — an epic act of regulatory, economic, and financial negligence by elites whose retirement will never be in jeopardy.
"I can't justify me putting my life on the line, and not knowing if my family would be taken care of," Joseph Vaughn, a 35-year-old Memphis native and a firefighter, told the Wall Street Journal. His pension would be altered to the new hybrid form in 2016, so he quit his hometown department to take a job in neighboring Alabama. The pay is less, but it's a defined-benefit plan.
In practical terms, this is all a lesson in the dangers of over-reliance on the stock market to provide for people in retirement. And it highlights the rather unique difficulties states and localities face, but the federal government does not, when it comes to providing public services and spending.
But it's also a moral lesson in who matters to our political and economic systems, and who doesn't.
Source: The Week
University strike: tens of thousands of staff walk out across UK
Brazil's Bolsonaro heralds 'great day' as Senate approves pension reform


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Toyota Tundra Owners Manual: Listening to an iPod
Toyota Tundra Owners Manual / Multimedia / Using an external device / Listening to an iPod
Connecting an iPod enables you to enjoy music from the vehicle speakers.
Select "iPod" on the "Select Audio Source" screen.
When the iPod connected to the system includes iPod video, the system can only output the sound by selecting the browse screen.
Audio control screen
"Select Audio Source" screen appears
Displays cover art
Selecting the play mode
Repeat play
Select to resume playback
Setting the sound
Selecting a play mode
1. Select "Browse" on the "iPod" screen.
2. Select the desired play mode by selecting the "Playlists", "Artists", "Albums", "Songs", "Podcasts", "Audio books", "Genres", "Composers" or "Video". Then select a song to begin using the selected play mode.
■About iPod
Use of the Made for Apple badge means that an accessory has been designed to connect specifically to the Apple product(s) identified in the badge, and has been certified by the developer to meet Apple performance standards. Apple is not responsible for the operation of this device or its compliance with safety and regulatory standards. Please note that the use of this accessory with an Apple product may affect wireless performance.
iPhone, iPod, iPod classic, iPod nano, iPod touch, and Lightning are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.
The Lightning connector works with iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 5s, iPhone 5c, iPhone 5, iPod touch (5th generation), and iPod nano (7th generation).
The 30-pin connector works with iPhone 4s, iPhone 4, iPhone 3GS, iPhone 3G, iPhone, iPod touch (1st through 4th generation), iPod classic, and iPod nano (1st through 6th generation).
USB works with iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 5s, iPhone 5c, iPhone 5, iPhone 4s, iPhone 4, iPhone 3GS, iPhone 3G, iPhone, iPod touch (1st through 5th generation), iPod classic, and iPod nano (1st through 7th generation).
■iPod cover art
Depending on the iPod and songs in the iPod, iPod cover art may be displayed.
This function can be changed to on/off.
It may take time to display iPod cover art, and the iPod may not be operated while the cover art display is in process.
Only iPod cover art that is saved in JPEG format can be displayed.
■iPod functions
When an iPod is connected and the audio source is changed to iPod mode, the iPod will resume play from the same point in which it was last used.
Depending on the iPod that is connected to the system, certain functions may not be available. If a function is unavailable due to a malfunction (as opposed to a system specification), disconnecting the device and reconnecting it may resolve the problem.
While connected to the system, the iPod cannot be operated with its own controls. It is necessary to use the controls of the vehicle's multimedia system instead.
When the battery level of an iPod is very low, the iPod may not operate. If so, charge the iPod before use.
■iPod problems To resolve most problems encountered when using your iPod, disconnect your iPod from the vehicle iPod connection and reset it. For instructions on how to reset your iPod, refer to your iPod Owner's Manual.
■Error messages
Message Cause/Correction procedures
"Connection error. Please consult your Owner's Manual for instructions on how to connect the iPod." This indicates a problem in the iPod or its connection.
"There are no songs available for playback. Please add compatible files to your iPod." This indicates that there is no music data in the iPod.
"Please check the iPod firmware version." This indicates that the software version is not compatible.
Please check the compatible models.
"iPod authorization unsuccessful." This indicates that the display multimedia system failed to authorize the iPod.
Please check your iPod.
■Compatible models The following iPod, iPod nano, iPod classic, iPod touch and iPhone devices can be used with this system.
iPod touch (3rd generation)
iPod touch (2nd generation)
iPod touch (1st generation)
iPod with video
iPod nano (3rd generation)
This system only supports audio playback.
Depending on differences between models or software versions etc., some models might be incompatible with this system.
■While driving Do not connect an iPod or operate the controls.
■To prevent damage to the iPod or its terminals
Do not leave the iPod in the vehicle. The temperature inside the vehicle may become high, resulting in damage to the iPod.
Do not push down on or apply unnecessary pressure to the iPod while it is connected.
Do not insert foreign objects into the port.
Using an external device
Listening to a USB memory device
Toyota Tundra Service Manual > Trailer Brake Control System: Fail-safe Chart
FAIL-SAFE CHART 1. FAIL-SAFE OPERATION CHART DTC Code Gain Value Setting Output When Brake Pedal Operated Output When Manual Trailer Brake Output Slider Operated Each Cooperative Control (anti-lock brake system, hill-start assist control, trailer sway control, pre-collision system* and dynamic radar ...


Swift joins Aging2.0 collaborative focused on improving the lives of older adults | Swift Medical Inc.
Swift Medical Inc., has joined Aging2.0, a San Francisco-based non-profit organization that supports innovators taking on the biggest challenges and opportunities in aging. As an Aging2.0 Alliance member, Swift is part of a global community of companies that work together to cultivate, develop and scale innovations that improve the lives of older adults.
Swift has a history of collaboration with innovators in wound care and elder care. Over the last three years, the company has forged partnerships with Healogics, the largest provider of advanced wound care services in the U.S., and PointClickCare, a fellow Aging2.0 Alliance member and the leading provider of electronic health record platforms in the long-term care industry.


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Tag: Asylum Seekers
Anti-immigrant and more specifically anti-refugee rhetoric seems to be at an all time high, if you were to see the many videos being circulated online.
TD Michael Collins attacks what he calls government's 'open-door policy on immigration'
TD for Cork South-West Michael Collins has attacked what he called the government's "open-door policy on immigration". As reported in the Southern Star, Collins went
MASI calls controversial barrister's role in denying asylum claim of bisexual man 'disgraceful'
The Movement of Asylum Seekers in Ireland (MASI) has voiced its shock that controversial barrister Una McGurk upheld a recent ruling to deny a bisexual
Doras report highlights lack of mental health supports for people in direct provision
Asylum seekers in Ireland with mental health difficulties are having their problems "exacerbated" due to living in direct provision. This is the finding of Doras,
Mixed reaction to Day Report's recommendations about direct provision
There has been mixed reaction to the publishing of a report on ending the direct provision system. It's recommended in the report that the government
Government's response to rape of asylum seeker in direct provision 'inadequate and inappropriate'
A support organisation for migrants and refugees has said it is concerned about a reported rape of an asylum seeker in a direct provision centre. Doras
Children in direct provision regularly facing discrimination, racism, and isolation
Children living in direct provision regularly feel discriminated against and experience racism according to a new report. The Ombudsman for Children's Office (OCO), also found
Banner drop protest organised to call for residency rights for all
A banner drop has been organised by a collective of groups across Europe to call for residency papers to be granted to asylum seekers and
Groups organise lockdown banner drop to demand leave to remain for asylum seekers and migrants
Grassroots groups in Ireland the UK have organised a lockdown banner drop to call for the ending of the detention of asylum seekers. Due to
Editorial – Facebook continues to be a battleground in far-right organising against asylum seekers
As soon as it was announced that a direct provision centre was to be located in Tullamore, Co. Offaly, the now familiar pattern once again
Anti-direct provision protest group reported to the gardaí due to racist comments
A Facebook group which was set up to protest against a direct provision centre has been reported to the gardaí for racism. The group, Tullamore
National Party, its leader, and other far-right parties blasted for their election failures
A former member of the National Party has blasted the party and its leader, Justin Barrett. In a podcast uploaded on 10 February, the former


Operating from a purpose-built factory and office unit close to J15 of the M6 motorway, R & S Tonks Ltd boasts the very best manufacturing facilities, ensuring that product quality is tightly controlled at all stages. CNC routers and computerised moulding equipment are complemented by a comprehensive range of groundwork plant, a modern commercial vehicle fleet and extensive storage facilities, giving R & S Tonks the edge when it comes to meeting even the tightest delivery schedules.
Two new mezzanine floors have recently been installed to free up additional manufacturing space due to an upsurge in business activity.


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Common prostate cancer treatment may impair cardiorespiratory fitness, raise risk of CV death
Study finds prolonged androgen deprivation therapy treatment in some high-CV risk patients associated with higher CV mortality risk, reduced cardiorespiratory fitness
Prolonged androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) can impair cardiorespiratory fitness and increase risk of cardiovascular death in prostate cancer patients with high risk of cardiovascular disease, according to a study in JACC: CardioOncology. The findings contribute further data supporting the need for cardiovascular disease (CVD) monitoring in patients who are living longer after successful cancer treatment.
Approximately 1 in 9 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime, and it is the second leading cause of cancer death for men in the United States. Furthermore, CVD is a leading cause of death in men who have a history of prostate cancer.
ADT with radiation therapy is a standard primary treatment for prostate cancer as an alternative to surgery and is frequently used in patients with metastatic, recurrent and localized high-risk tumors. More prolonged use of ADT in certain patients with prostate cancer is increasingly employed following studies that demonstrated improved cancer outcomes compared to short-term ADT exposure. However, whether ADT is associated with increased CV mortality remains controversial. Authors of this study set out to study the association between ADT exposure and CV mortality and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), which is a known independent predictor of CV mortality, in patients with prostate cancer.
Researchers of this study evaluated 616 patients from a single center, retrospective cohort who underwent an exercise treadmill test for clinical indications a median of 4.8 years after their prostate cancer diagnosis. CV risk assessment was determined by a patient's demographics, indication for exercise treadmill test (such as chest pain), medical history and medication usage at the time of the treadmill test. Prostate cancer treatment regimens used before and after a patient's exercise treadmill test were looked at. Researchers also examined ADT treatment, including the therapy used and duration of ADT exposure prior to the treadmill test. ADT exposure was categorized as short-term (less than or equal to six months) versus prolonged (greater than six months). CRF was calculated from peak treadmill speed and grade achieved during a patient's exercise treadmill test.
Almost one-quarter of the patients (150) received ADT prior to their treadmill test, with 51 patients exposed to long-term ADT use. There were 504 patients (81.8%) out of the study cohort who had two or more CV risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Most patients with prolonged exposure to ADT (92.2%) had two or more CV risk factors.
The rate of reduced CRF was considerably higher among patients with ADT exposure compared to those without the treatment (48.7% versus 32.6%). Prolonged ADT exposure was significantly linked to reduced CRF. Long-term ADT exposure was associated with an almost four-fold increased adjusted risk of CV mortality.
"This study highlights that patients with prostate cancer and high baseline CV risk are at increased risk of reduced CRF and CV mortality when exposed to prolonged ADT regimens," said John D. Groarke, MBBCh, MSc, MPH, cardiologist and author of this study. "While prolonged ADT certainly plays a role in the treatment of prostate cancer, these findings emphasize the need to consider CV surveillance/risk modification during and after ADT exposure."
In an accompanying editorial comment, Vivek K. Narayan, MD, MS, Assistant Professor of Medicine and genitourinary medical oncologist at the Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, said this study adds value to our existing clinical knowledge base, but cautions that further attention to the cardiovascular complications of varying ADT exposure durations is critical as oncologic treatment strategies evolve.
"By improving our understanding of the patient- and treatment-related factors contributing to ADT-related cardiac toxicity, oncology and cardiology providers can work collaboratively to optimally employ therapy modifications and cardiovascular risk mitigation strategies," Narayan said.
Study limitations include the high baseline CV risk of the patient cohort, reflecting selection bias; and the relatively small sample size that may have limited the ability to find significant independent associations between short-term ADT use and either reduced CRF or CV mortality.
The American College of Cardiology envisions a world where innovation and knowledge optimize cardiovascular care and outcomes. As the professional home for the entire cardiovascular care team, the mission of the College and its 54,000 members is to transform cardiovascular care and to improve heart health. The ACC bestows credentials upon cardiovascular professionals who meet stringent qualifications and leads in the formation of health policy, standards and guidelines. The College also provides professional medical education, disseminates cardiovascular research through its world-renowned JACC Journals, operates national registries to measure and improve care, and offers cardiovascular accreditation to hospitals and institutions. For more, visit acc.org.
The Journal of the American College of Cardiology ranks among the top cardiovascular journals in the world for its scientific impact. JACC is the flagship for a family of journals--JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions, JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, JACC: Heart Failure, JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology, JACC: Basic to Translational Science, JACC: Case Reports and JACC: CardioOncology--that prides themselves in publishing the top peer-reviewed research on all aspects of cardiovascular disease. Learn more at JACC.org.
Dana Kauffman
dkauffman@acc.org
@ACCmediacenter
http://www.acc.org
JACC: CardioOncology
MORTALITY/LONGEVITY
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccao.2020.08.011


For all kids who love their grandparents, aunts, uncles and other relatives: You can help your older loved ones prevent falls by telling them "don't fall for me" this Valentine's Day.
You've probably fallen down many times in your life and may have gotten some bruises and scrapes, maybe even a broken bone. Did you know that falls can be much more serious for older adults? Some older adults may have to go to the hospital or a nursing home because of a fall. Plus, they may need more help doing things they used to do for themselves because they got hurt or are afraid of falling.
The good news is that falls are not a normal part of aging. Most falls can be prevented – and you can help! Ohio has a program called STEADY U Ohio, which teaches Ohioans of all ages how to prevent falls. Ask your parents' permission to visit www.steadyu.ohio.gov and download free Valentine's Day cards to give to your older loved ones, such as your grandparents, great aunts and uncles and more.
Rugs – Rugs that slip or bunch up when you step on them can cause you to trip and fall.
Clutter – Papers, bags, cords, boxes or any other items in or near walkways should be put away in a cabinet or closet, or thrown away.
Lights – Older adults need more light to see well. Ask them to add lamps to dark rooms and put night lights along walkways.
Stairs – Is there a sturdy hand rail to help them climb up and down the steps? Is there enough light? Keep the stairway clean and clear of obstacles.
Kitchen – Suggest they move things they use all the time, like pots and pans and spices, to middle shelves so they can reach them without bending or stretching.
Bathroom – Most accidents happen in the bathroom. Look for a non-slip mat in the shower or bath tub and a rug that does not slip or bunch up. Suggest they have "grab bar" handles installed to help them get in and out of the tub and on and off the toilet.
Activity – Exercise is important to prevent falls. Offer to take a walk, ride bikes, swim or play games like catch, tennis and tag with them to help them stay active.
Show your loved ones how much you love them this Valentine's Day them by helping them prevent falls.
A heart attack occurs when there is a blockage of blood flow to the heart-causing cells to die. This can lead to permanent damage to the heart muscle. Keep in mind the "chain of survival" if you or a loved one experiences signs or symptoms of a heart attack: Rapid activation of EMS via 9-1-1, CPR started quickly, Early use of automated external defibrillator (AED), Rapid delivery of appropriate and timely care.
Heart attacks can come with mild to severe symptoms. Studies have shown that men are more likely to have these "classic" signs and women have milder signs.
Other symptoms of a heart attack could include unusual or unexplained tiredness and nausea or vomiting. Women are more likely to have these other symptoms. Learn more about women and heart disease(https://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fs_women_heart.htm).
If you notice the symptoms of a heart attack in yourself or someone else, call 9-1-1 immediately. The sooner you get to an emergency room, the sooner you can receive treatment to prevent total blockage and heart muscle damage or reduce the amount of damage. At the hospital, health care professionals can run tests to determine whether a heart attack is occurring and decide the best treatment.
In some cases, a heart attack requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or electrical shock (defibrillation). Bystanders trained to use CPR or a defibrillator may be able to help until emergency medical personnel arrive.
Remember, the chances of surviving a heart attack are greater the sooner emergency treatment begins.


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BGSQD | The Bureau of General Services – Queer Division
Bureau Picks
Paradesign: The Work of Tobias Wong, A Panel Discussion
This event is free, but attendees are encouraged to support the Bureau by purchasing books and/or making a donation.
Bureau of General Services—Queer Division
contact@bgsqd.com
208 West 13th Street, Room 210, New York, NY, 10011, United States
Join us for Paradesign: The Work of Tobias Wong, A Panel Discussion moderated by designer, curator, and gallery director Olivia Shao, with Paola Antonelli, Senior Curator, Department of Architecture and Design, Museum of Modern Art, New York; and Rama Chorpash, Associate Professor and the Director of Product Design at Parsons The New School for Design.
Paradesign: The Work of Tobias Wong is presented by the curators of Tobias Wong, "Untitled" (Golden) …, Dean MacGregor and Pablo Griff.
About the exhibition:
Tobias Wong, "Untitled" (Golden) …
January 18 – April 14, 2019
Download a PDF of the press release.
New York, New York –The Bureau of General Services—Queer Division is proud to present Tobias Wong, "Untitled" (Golden) …, an exhibition of the late artist/designer's work that played with the definition of what constituted art or design. The exhibition will present a selection of his work alongside objects from his personal collection that served as muses for his artistic design work. This includes a wide variety of table lamps as well as ephemera that he collected.
In a press release issued at the time of Wong's death in 2010, architecture and design curator, friend, and colleague Aric Chen wrote: "Through his work, Wong helped bring forth much of what is now taken for granted in contemporary culture. Influenced by Dada and, especially, Fluxus, he questioned authorship through appropriation; held a mirror to our desires and absurdities; upended the hierarchy between design and art, and the precious and the banal; and helped redefine collaboration and curation as creative practices. Working within what he termed a "paraconceptual" framework, Wong prompted a reevaluation of everything we thought we knew about design: its production, its psychological resonance, its aesthetic criteria, its means of distribution, its attachment to provenance, its contextualization and its manner of presentation. Wong was a keen observer, an original mind, a brilliant prankster, and an unerring friend.
"Wong's work was widely exhibited, including at the Museum of Modern Art and Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum. His many projects included those for Colette, Comme des Garcons, Prada/OMA, Cappellini and Swarovski Crystal Palace. In addition to the objects he created, re-created, repurposed, rarefied and otherwise manipulated, Wong's work included events and happenings that included, among many others, a pop-up tattoo parlor at Art Basel Miami Beach/Design Miami and the Wrong Store, a "store" in New York that was in fact never open. (As with much of Wong's work, both were collaborations.) Wong was named Young Designer of the Year by Wallpaper* magazine (2004) as well as the Brooklyn Museum of Art (2006). In 2008 and 2009, he served as founding co-creative director of 100% Design Shanghai, affiliated with the 100% Design fairs in London and Tokyo.
"Born and raised in Vancouver, Wong studied in Toronto before moving to New York in 1997 to attend the Cooper Union, from which he graduated with a major in sculpture."
The exhibition is curated by:
Dean MacGregor, an artist who has done projects at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Morgan Library and many others. He recently did his sleeping project at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts.
Pablo Griff is an artist and was a consultant to the retrospective of Tobias Wong's work at the Museum of Vancouver in 2012.
Image: Tobias Wong, blue anus, 1998 (replica 2016 courtesy Lite Brite Neon, Brooklyn), Estate of Tobias Wong
Learn more about the work of Tobias Wong:
Tobi's website
"From A to Wong, and Back Again," Flash Art May-June 2015
Tobi's works in San Francisco MOMA collection
NY Times obituary, June 3, 2010
TELL 52: I MADE IT!
Leo and David, a tale of two angels book signing
Copyright 2019 BGSQD | contact@bgsqd.com | Site by: Faction


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Records where place of business is India
India, which included present day Bangladesh and Pakistan, was under British rule until it attained independence on 15th August 1947. Until its nationalisation in 1858 the East India Company governed the country. The East India Company's Indian possessions, powers and army were taken over by the British government in 1858 pursuant to the "Government of India Act".
Burma was also a province of India until 1st April 1937 when it became a British colony under separate administration before its independence on 4th January 1948. There were a number of "Princely States" in India under British protection with local hereditary rulers. Finally there were small colonial territories in India ruled by Portugal until 1961 (Goa) and France until 1954 (Pondicherry).
Nearly all the certificates in this catalogue are from the period from the end of the East India Company's rule until Indian independence. Companies operating in India were incorporated either in Great Britain or in India under its Companies Acts of 1866, 1882 or 1913. Many Princely States adopted their own Companies Acts based on British companies legislation.
The vast majority of Indian share certificates are in the English language but we have also come across certificates in Bengali, Gujarati, Marathi and Urdu.
Textiles is by far the biggest theme in Indian scripophily based on the number of different certificates seen. Other important sectors include Gold Mining, Banking, Railways, Tea Plantations and Coal Mining.
Search Title and Summary
Search Title and Summary If your requirement is very specialised, for example a small town or a name of a person, then just use this box to search the titles and summary of each record.
If your requirement is very specialised, for example a small town or a name of a person, then just use this box to search the titles and summary of each record.
Country Select where the company did most of its business. More than one can be selected.
Bengal & Assam (30) Bombay (37) Goa (Portuguese) (1) Hyderabad (Deccan) (9) Jammu and Kashmir (1) Madras (26) Mysore (25) Pondicherry (French) (1) Punjab (9) Rajasthan (2) Sind (Hyderabad Sind) (6) Travancore (11)
Theme Select what business or businesses the company was involved in. More than one can be selected.
COMPANIES (1153) AGRICULTURE & FISHERIES (130) Coffee Plantations (7) Fishing (2) Irrigation (2) Land (10) Livestock (1) Rubber Plantations (10) Tea Plantations (85) Timber (7) Tobacco Plantations (1) CHEMICALS (35) Pharmaceutical (7) Soap and Candles (2) CIVIL ENGINEERING (18) Bridges (1) Docks/Harbours (1) General Construction (16) ENTERTAINMENT (13) Cinemas & Film (9) Clubs (2) Theatre (2) FINANCE (152) Banks (84) Building Societies (1) Exchanges and Markets (1) Insurance (30) Fire (1) Life (1) Investment & Trust Companies (24) Loan & Credit Companies (7) Real Estate (5) FOOD & DRINK (47) Breweries (1) Distilleries (1) Flour (1) Food Canning (2) Fruit (2) Ice (3) Oils (14) Rice (1) Sugar (19) MANUFACTURING (100) Boots & Shoes (1) Bricks, Tiles & Potteries (10) Cement (8) Clocks & Watches (1) Electrical Engineering (6) Engineering (Except transport) (6) Glass (6) Gramophones & Records (1) Iron & Steel (14) Leather (7) Matches (2) Metal Working (14) Paper Manufacturers (6) Rubber (3) Saw Mills & Timber Products (5) Tobacco Manufacturers (3) MINING & MINERALS (204) Coal Mining (60) Copper Mining (2) Diamonds (3) Gold Mining (113) Iron Mining (3) Oil (4) Salt (1) Tin Mining (1) MOTOR VEHICLES (10) Commercial vehicles (1) Motor accessories (1) Motor Cars (1) Motor Engineering (8) Tyres & Wheels (1) PRINTING & PAPER (13) Newspapers (7) Printers (3) Publishers (other than Newspapers) (3) RETAIL (16) Co-operative (5) Department Store (9) SERVICES (24) Advertising (1) Agents & Secretaries (6) Cold Storage (2) Hotels (4) Import/Export (7) Security (2) Warehousing (1) SPORT (1) Horse Racing (1) TEXTILES (227) Cotton Mills (166) Dyes (1) Jute Mills (31) Rope (1) Silk (3) Textile Machinery (2) Wool (5) TRANSPORT (84) Aviation (4) Airlines (4) Bus and Taxi Companies (6) Cable Cars (1) Railways (36) Light Railways (7) Railway Engineering (4) Road haulage (1) Shipping (26) Shipbuilding & Engineering (3) Shipping Companies (21) Tramways (9) UTILITIES (41) Electricity (34) Electricity supply (28) Gas (1) Gas Supply (1) Telephone & Telegraph (6) GOVERNMENT (19) Foreign Loans (7) Internal Loans (5) Municipal Loans (4) State/Provincial Loans (2)
Where Organised
Where Organised This should only be used when searching Companies NOT Government issues. Companies can be formed in one Country or State but be doing business somewhere else completely.
France (2) Great Britain (255) Edinburgh (11) London (239) India (895) British India (783) Princely States (108)
Year Use this slider to reduce or expand your Year range. The Year is that in which a Company is organised or a Loan was issued.
Sort by most recently added Sort by Year: low to high Sort by Year: high to low Sort by title (A-Z) Sort by title (Z-A) Sort by modified date
Atul Products Limited
Bharat Vegetable Products Limited
1946 < View
Eastern National Insurance Co. Ltd.
Central India Tile & Brick Works Company Limited
Great Western Hotel Company Limited
Baghmari Tea Company Limited
India: 1842-43 4%/3½% Loan
Engo Tea Company Limited
Saroda Tea Company Limited
Documentary Films Limited
Auto Equipment Limited
New Manbhoom Coal Company Ltd.
Lintons Angarpatra Colliery Limited
Surat District Co-operative Bank Limited
Indian Bank Limited
Sir Hukamchand & Dalmia Cotton & Oil Mills Limited
Hope Town Tea Association Limited
Majagram Tea Company Limited
Phoenix Tea Company of Cachar Limited
Arya Tea Company Limited
Teekoy Rubber Estate Limited
Travancore Federal Bank Limited
Western Cachar Company Limited
Calicut Bank Limited
Anglo-India Jute Mills Company Limited
Kalol Kapadia Spinning & Weaving Company Limited (Translation)
Gaekwar Umbrella Manufacturing Company Limited (translation)
Ahmedabad Vishna Cotton Mills Company Limited
Marsden Spinning and Manufacturing Company Limited
HWPH
www.hwph.de
Tel: +49 (0)8106-2461-86
Email: auktion@hwph.de
archivesinternational.com
www.scripophily.com
www.scripophily.org
Email: press@scripophily.org
M Veissid & Co.
www.veissid.com
Tel: (44) (0) 1694 731781
Email: email@veissid.com
Boone Shares
www.booneshares.com
Email: mario.boone@skynet.be
www.spink.com
Email: concierge@spink.com
Scripo Museum
www.scripomuseum.com
Email: info@scripomarket.com


text:
Home Open Access News Environment News MPs call for new Environmental Protection Act post-Brexit
MPs call for new Environmental Protection Act post-Brexit
A committee of MPs has published a report calling for government to reassure farmers and to introduce a new Environmental Protection Act to safeguard UK wildlife
A report issued by MPs today warns that UK environmental protections must not be weakened during or after Brexit.
The Environmental Audit Committee (EAC) is calling on Theresa May's government to introduce a new Environmental Protection Act during Article 50 negotiations to maintain strong environmental standards for a post-Brexit UK.
"Changes from Brexit could put our countryside, farming and wildlife at risk," warned Environmental Audit Committee chair, Mary Creagh MP. "Protections for Britain's wildlife and special places currently guaranteed under European law could end up as 'zombie legislation' even with the Great Repeal Bill."
The Government has said it will introduce a 'Great Repeal Bill' when the UK leaves the EU, but merely copying EU legislation into UK law will not be enough in many cases, and there are concerns that rules could be weakened over time.
'Triple jeopardy' facing UK farmers
The report also outlines what it calls the 'triple jeopardy' facing UK farmers from changes in the UK's trading relationships that will inevitably come about after Brexit. Over 70% of the UK's land area is in some form of agricultural use, and European Union subsidies under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) currently make up as much as 50-60% of UK farm income.
"UK farming faces significant risks – from a loss of subsidies and tariffs on farm exports to increased competition from countries with weaker food, animal welfare and environmental standards," Creagh added. "The Government must not trade away these key protections as we leave the EU. It should also give clarity over any future farm subsidies."
It is not clear whether there will be subsidies for farmers after we leave the EU. Any new farm subsidies which the Government introduces to replace CAP should provide a better balance between support to agriculture and environmental protection.
"It was concerning that the Environment Secretary gave my Committee no reassurance that there would be subsidies for farmers after we leave the EU," Creagh mused.
Domestic equivalent to CAP in the pipeline?
The report's release coincided with Environment Secretary Andrea Leadsom's appearance at the Oxford Farming Conference 2017, where she offered little clarity on the future of subsidies after 2020.
"For too long, a bureaucratic system, which tries to meet the needs of 28 different member states, has held farmers back. But now, we have the chance to design a domestic successor to CAP that works for all of you, rather than the entire European Union.
"As we work towards this, it's really important that we've been able to reassure farmers that they will receive the same level of financial support until 2020 – and Pillar 2 payments signed before we leave the EU will be guaranteed for their lifetime."
Leadsom also promised two green papers – one on food and farming, one on the environment – on which a major consultation will soon be launched. On the topic of seasonal workers, a key component of many farming operations, she said:
"Access to labour is very much an important part of our current discussions – and we're committed to working with you to make sure you have the right people with the right skills."
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Ryland home offering with 4 bedrooms, 3 1/2 baths, formal dining, large living spaces, media, AND game room. Original owners... offering granite counter tops, under mount single bowl kitchen sink, tankless water heater, upgraded light fixtures, recently replaced furnace and more! The Preserve at Northampton is a gated community providing area pool, clubhouse, and playground just minutes from SH 99 and I45. Zoned to highly sought after Klein ISD schools and close to a large variety of local dining, shopping, entertainment, and medical facilities. Must see!