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Putlocker > Brendan Schaub: You'd Be Surprised (2019)
also known as "Brendan Schaub: You'd Be Surprised"
A modern-day renaissance man, Schaub is a former footballer, retired MMA fighter and current podcast host. Now, he adds another achievement to his resume. He takes to the stage to tell his tales in his first-ever stand-up comedy special.
Brendan Schaub
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Planets die all the time. All across the universe and the infinite reaches of space. But (thankfully) none in our Solar System have yet to expire. So, what exactly happens during a planet's 'end of days'. Does the physical structure ever truly disappear? Or is a total loss of energy all that's required? For this video, we take a look at how, why and when planets perish.
Whether or not we're there to ride it out until the end, all worlds – including our own – can die. So, what happens during a doomed a planet's final days? And what exactly constitutes a dead planet, anyway?
For today, let's say it's a formerly habitable world, but one that can no longer have any hope of sustaining life. We all know that we haven't yet discovered another planet which actually hosts life. But, we have found worlds that could be or could have been habitable – either in the past, present or future. These 'habitable' worlds are still fairly elusive, but some experts reckon that even Mars was once such a place – about 3.5 billion years ago. So, quite fortunately, we do have an example of a so-called dead planet fairly close at hand, galactically speaking that is.
Scientists have theorized that the Red Planet, was once very much like our own; with oceans, a dense atmosphere, and possibly even life (of some kind). The cold, barren vistas that Mars rovers beam back to us nowadays hardly resemble the "living" environment it might have been eons ago, but that's what makes our nearest cosmic neighbour such a fascinating example. On the one hand, there's ongoing speculation that it might not be 'dead' at all. On the other, it provides a potentially perfect outline of what happens to a dying planet.
Generally speaking, there are a number of reasons why a planet could be reduced to a lifeless husk. It may have been devastated by climate change, it's nearest star could've burnt off its atmosphere, or perhaps it suffered an apocalyptic collision with another object. Theoretically, in Earth's case, the molten core at the planet's centre could cool – once the radioactive decay slows or stops. But, most theorists agree that a planet isn't likely to 'die of old age'. Rather, it'll fade out slowly by some other means, or blaze out quickly after a cataclysmic event.
With Mars, its loss of atmosphere is key. Information gathered by NASA's MAVEN orbiter points to the Martian atmosphere being destroyed by a combination of factors, all stemming from the sun stripping the planet of its magnetic field in the ancient past. In a kind of cruel twist, Mars was effectively slow-cooked by the very Sun that might've granted it life. If Martian oceans did exist, they evaporated. And the planet found itself with little defence against solar storms. It ultimately became an exceptionally hostile place.
But, of course, Mars' fate (or at least, what we currently believe its fate was) is just one of many scenarios – each bringing its own brand of impending doom. We know for a fact that one day in the (thankfully) far-off future Earth, Mars, and every other object in our solar system will be destroyed when the sun goes supernova. Our central star's fiery death will scorch everything orbiting around it, before engulfing and destroying the planets closest to it during a massive expansion.
However, Earth as a liveable location will've likely disappeared long before the Sun's swansong, as drawn-out changes to the star will've already completely transformed our atmosphere. There would be no massive explosion, though, just millennia of increasingly inhospitable conditions setting in.
But, there are also ways in which a planet can meet a more dramatic end. And we don't need to look as far as the Sun or Mars to find an example. Because Earth itself has had a number of close calls. There have been five mass extinction events in Earth's history, brought on by various causes, each of which devastated the planet for thousands of years.
The Cretaceous–Paleogene event, or K-Pg extinction, is easily the most famous, wherein the dinosaurs (and more than 75% of all animal and plant species on Earth) fell victim to a massive asteroid strike. While the initial impact was catastrophic enough, what came afterwards was far worse, and gives a glimpse of what could happen on a dying planet. It's theorized that the fallout from the collision, which was at least one billion times more powerful than the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, effectively created a nuclear winter. The sun was blocked out for over a year, dramatically altering the Earth's atmosphere, cloaking it in darkness, and choking the life from it. Over the next few thousand years the species which had dominated the planet for close to 150 million years perished. Obviously, our planet did survive, but it was pretty lucky to do so.
And, incredibly, K-Pg was one of the least deadly mass extinctions on Earth, in terms of percentage of species lost. The closest that life has come to being completely wiped out was at the end of the Permian period, around 250 million years ago, as part of an event appropriately known as "The Great Dying." It wasn't quite the death of our planet, but it was a crippling time, unlike anything before or since. Global ecosystems were irreparably changed, as 96% of all marine species went extinct, and life on land took ten million years to recover the biodiversity that was lost. Even insects experienced a mass extinction, as part of the unprecedented disaster. As for the cause, there are a number of theories, covering many of our 'planet death' possibilities. Perhaps it too was the result of a massive asteroid impact, or perhaps a more gradual problem – such as rising sea levels, or depleting oxygen within the atmosphere.
Earth's extinction events, including the reported sixth event that we're currently experiencing – the Holocene Extinction – all offer some insight into what might happen to a perishing planet. But, clearly, we are still here, and the Earth has survived so far. So, the question isn't fully answered. Beyond the improbable 'old age' death, the inevitable succumbing to a supernova, or the unpredictable collision with an asteroid (or something larger), there is one further way in which a planet could die.
Despite our tendency to envisage the end of all things as a hot and fiery spectacle, it could well be an icy apocalypse. And, while not likely for Earth, a planet could be plunged into impossible coldness if its orbit is altered – and it drifts further from its star, into interstellar space. Strip anything of its energy source – even a planet – and it will eventually die. Equally, while some kind of orbit shunt could send a planet into bleak and empty nothingness, it could also push it even closer to its star. In this case, a fierce and fiery end is definitely back on the cards – but it'd still be more of a drawn-out disintegration, rather than a sudden, sci-fi style explosion.
Either way, the inescapable truth for any planet is that they can only persist for as long as their star does. Once the sun goes supernova, everything else is toast – no matter how many mass extinction events it had survived in its past.
What happens when a planet dies? It usually loses atmosphere, often cools, and sometimes gets broken up by a careening cosmic rock of some kind. For as long as there's a sun for the remnants of the dead world to orbit around, they will. But, say sayonara to the star, and you're left with just a cold and aimless rock, so far removed from the potentially 'habitable' place it once was.


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Toni Morrison refused to frame her work for a white audience. That was revolutionary.
"What those books did was create real intercultural conversation where everyone gets to eavesdrop on the actual conversation nonwhite people were having."
As an editor, Toni Morrison advocated on behalf of writers who might not have otherwise been published. Deborah Feingold / Corbis via Getty Images
Aug. 7, 2019, 9:10 PM UTC
By Janell Ross
In 1973, Toni Morrison published her second novel, "Sula."
A New York Times reviewer praised the book, which followed Morrison's 1970 debut, "The Bluest Eye," but advised her to rethink her choice of subject matter. Morrison, the reviewer wrote, was "far too talented to remain only a marvelous recorder of the black side of provincial American life." If she stopped writing small stories about black people living in the American past, Morrison "might easily transcend that early and unintentionally limiting classification, 'black woman writer,'" the reviewer continued, "and take her place among the most serious, important and talented American novelists now working."
It can be hard to imagine now — the time before Morrison won a Nobel Prize, a Pulitzer Prize and a Presidential Medal of Freedom, before she became the first black woman people are ashamed to admit they've never read and students are expected to understand. It can be easy to overlook the resistance Morrison faced and the courage she exhibited when she decided to write stories about black people, using the language and experiences of black people, without changing those stories for a white audience.
Morrison, as both a writer and a senior editor at Random House, never watered down her stories or changed the language or perspective to make them about or more accessible to white readers. She described the demand that she do so as "powerfully racist." And for that alone, many who knew her say, she should be admired and remembered after her death at 88 this week.
"We look now at all the accolades, all the well-deserved praise of Toni and her gorgeous words today, and we can forget that what she did and what she insisted on doing was revolutionary and for far too long dismissed," said Paula Giddings, a historian and retired Smith College professor. "But if you do that, you can forget the enormity of what Toni helped to birth."
As an editor, that was the work of novelists such as Gayl Jones and Toni Cade Bambara as well as the poet Henry Dumas. The commercial and critical success their work, which Morrison shepherded with her shrewd instincts on the book business, made room for others to continue.
To Sandra Guzman, a freelance journalist who said she may have been the last person to interview Morrision at length, in 2016, Morrison's work and the space she created for others to do similar work is a monumental contribution to national life.
"She helped to decolonize language," Guzman said, "to write freedom and make space for others to do the work to make others free. That's what she said is the obligation of every free person. She's in the ancestral place now, but she absolutely left us a great legacy."
Guzman's interviews with Morrison and others are featured in a documentary she made about Morrison, "The Pieces I Am," in theaters now.
OpinionToni Morrison was a freedom fighter who slayed with words
As an editor, Morrison advocated on behalf of writers who might not have otherwise been published, said Dana A. Williams, a professor of African American literature at Howard University. Williams cited activist Angela Davis' 1974 autobiography as an example.
"Random House wanted a book by Davis, everyone wanted a book by Davis. She had just gone through the trial," said Williams, referring to Davis' acquittal on charges connected to a courtroom shootout in California in 1970. "But Davis believed no one truly wanted a memoir from anyone as young as she was at the time unless it was salacious and focused on who slept with who. Morrison was probably the only person who could have talked Davis into doing the book and then convinced Random House to get on board not with the sexy, provocative book imagined but one about philosophy and liberation."
"Angela Davis: An Autobiography," made the New York Times' best sellers list.
Williams is writing a book about Morrison's editing titled "Toni at Random." Williams initially planned to give her book an eight-to-10-word title, but when she told Morrison, Morrison had a piece of advice: "Short titles sell books." Morrison edited it down.
"Morrison was an artist and literary genius in her own right," Williams said, "who inspired and made way for the brilliance of others. And, she was an editor smart enough to read the tea leaves."
Among Morrison's skills: pushing writers to resist the standard approach to writing about people of color.
"In Morrison's work and in the work she edited, what you see are stories that shifted the gaze," Williams said. "What those books did was create real intercultural conversation where everyone gets to eavesdrop on the actual conversation nonwhite people were having, the lives nonwhite people were living and the things some of us sometimes do to one another. In doing so, it allows readers to recognize that black experiences include universal components."
Giddings — the retired professor who wrote the critically acclaimed "When and Where I Enter," a history of black women in America, and "Ida," a biography of the pioneering black journalist Ida B. Wells — met Morrison when Giddings was a secretary at Random House in the 1970s. She was one of several secretaries who unknowingly typed the handwritten manuscript of Morrison's first novel, "The Bluest Eye," in exchange for Morrison's homemade carrot cake. It was the start of a long friendship.
In January 1988, Giddings was one of 48 writers and intellectuals who penned an open letter to the nation's leading literary institutions — the granters of the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize. The letter, published in The New York Times, called into question a system that had failed to recognize Morrison's books. Both had also neglected James Baldwin, Giddings said, who had died the month before. A few weeks after the letter was published, Morrison won the Pulitzer Prize in fiction for "Beloved."
"In her books and so many others she helped to get published," Giddings said, "so many beautiful and important books, came a slow understanding that a whole range of stories matter. America simply cannot be fully understood without them."
Janell Ross
Janell Ross is a former reporter for NBC BLK.

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I didn't really like the way it turned out. The female character especially, but I really liked the outfits that I was trying to recreate from the screenshot. However of course the gear didn't turn out so great after I'd drawn it, but also a lot of the shading got omitted when I scanned it in, so it looks pretty plain and bleh.
Any way this is my 3rd lineage submission lol.


It was such a pleasure to see so many of you this weekend. The girls were over-joyed (and perhaps over-stuffed with candy) to see you, and to show off all that they have leaned and done so far. It went by so quickly, but what a weekend it was! Now, we are already on to the next half of our summer with a great sports meet for team competition yesterday, and Senior House headed off for their big trip this morning. Thanks so much for making visiting day such a great experience for all of us!


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Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Integration Services Overview
Common Usage Scenarios for SSIS
Evolution of SSIS
Setting Up SSIS
This chapter, from Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Integration Services, describes several common data integration scenarios and provides a high-level overview of the SSIS features that address the requirements for each scenario.
Enterprises depend on data integration to turn data into valuable insights and decisions. Enterprise data integration is a complicated problem due to the heterogeneity of data sources and formats, ever-increasing data volumes, and the poor quality of data. Data is typically stored in disparate systems and the result is that there are differences in data format or schema that must be resolved. The constantly decreasing costs of storage lead to increased data retention and a concomitant increase in the volume of data that needs to be processed. In turn, this results in an ever-increasing demand for scalable and high-performance data integration solutions so organizations can obtain timely insights from the collected data. The diversity of data and inconsistent duplication cause quality problems that can impact the accuracy of analytical insights and thus also affect the quality and value of the decisions. Data integration projects need to deal with these challenges and effectively consume data from a variety of sources (e.g., databases, spreadsheets, files, etc.), which requires that they clean, correlate, transform, and move the source data to the destination systems. This process is further complicated because many organizations have round-the-clock dependencies on data stores; therefore, data integration must often be frequent and integration operations must be completed as quickly as possible.
Microsoft SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) technology addresses these challenges and provides a platform for building and managing data integration solutions. The flexible, extensible, scalable, high-performance platform and toolset in SSIS caters to enterprise demands for traditional data extract-transform-load (ETL) processes as well as other data integration needs. SSIS is a feature of Microsoft SQL Server that provides seamless interoperability with other features shipped with both SQL Server and with other Microsoft products. Typical data integration scenarios that you can address using SSIS include the following:
Consolidating data from heterogeneous data sources
Moving data between systems
Loading data warehouses
Cleaning, formatting, or standardizing data
Identifying, capturing, and processing data changes
Coordinating data maintenance, processing, or analysis
Some data processing scenarios require specialized technology. SSIS is not suitable for the following types of data processing:
Processing complex business rules on data
Coordinating, acquiring, and processing data in inter-business processes
Processing event messages in real time
Coordinating data communication between systems
Building a federated view of data sources
Unstructured data processing and integration
In this section, you'll examine some common data integration scenarios in detail and get an overview of how key SSIS features help in each of those scenarios.
Consolidation of Data from Heterogeneous Data Sources
In an organization, data is typically not contained in one system but spread all over. Different applications might have their own data stores with different schema. Similarly, different parts of the organization might have their own locally consolidated view of data, or legacy systems might be isolated, making the data available to rest of the organization at regular intervals. To make important organization-wide decisions that derive value from all this data, it is necessary to pull data from all parts of the organization, massaging and transforming it into a consistent state and shape.
The need for data consolidation also arises during organization acquisitions or mergers. Supporting connectivity to heterogeneous stores and extracting data is a key feature of any data integration software. SSIS supports connectivity to a wide range of data stores using out-of-the-box adapters and extensibility features. Source adapters read data from external sources into SSIS, whereas destination adapters write data from SSIS to external destinations.
Some of the most important built-in source and destination adapters in SSIS are the following:
OLE DB Source and Destination
ADO.NET Source and Destination
ODBC Source and Destination
Flat File Source and Destination
Excel Source and Destination
XML Source
Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) source and destination components are available starting with Integration Services 2012 and are not available in earlier versions. In SQL Server 2008 and SQL Server 2008 R2, you can use ADO.NET source and destination components in SSIS to connect to ODBC data sources using the .NET ODBC Data Provider. The ADO.Net Destination component is not available in SQL Server 2005.
Other types of SSIS adapters are as follows:
Script Source and Destination: These enable SSIS developers to author code to connect to data stores that are not supported by built-in adapters in SSIS.
Special-purpose adapters: Most of the adapters in SSIS are general purpose, supporting any data store that can be accessed through standard interfaces; however, some of the adapters are specific to a particular data store and depend on a specific application programming interface (API). The SQL Server Destination and Dimension Processing Destination are examples of special-purpose adapters that provide connectivity to SQL Server and Analysis Server, respectively.
Custom adapters: Using the extensibility mechanism in SSIS, customers and independent software vendors (ISVs) can build adapters that can be used to connect to data stores that do not have any built-in support in SSIS.
Scripting in SSIS is powered by Visual Studio for Applications in SQL Server 2005 and Visual Studio Tools for Applications in SQL Server 2008 and later versions. Visual Studio for Applications and Visual Studio Tools for Applications are .NET-based script hosting technologies to embed custom experience into applications. Both of these technologies provide a runtime that executes custom code using a script engine and end-user integrated development environment (IDE) for writing and debugging custom code. Visual Studio for Applications supports VB.Net and Visual Studio Tools for Applications supports both VB.Net and C# programming.
Source and destination adapters that are not a part of SSIS installation but available for download from Microsoft.com include the following:
Oracle Source and Destination
Teradata Source and Destination
SAP BI Source and Destination
Oracle, Teradata, and SAP BW connectors are available only for advanced editions of SQL Server. See details on SQL Server editions in a later section in this chapter. Oracle and Teradata connectors are available for download at http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=29283. Microsoft Connector 1.1 for SAP BW is available as a part of SQL Server Feature Pack at http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=29065.
SSIS adapters maintain connection information to external data stores using connection managers. SSIS connection managers depend on technology-specific data providers or drivers for connecting to data stores. For example, OLE DB adapters use the OLE DB API and data provider to access data stores that support OLE DB. SSIS connectivity adapters are used within a Dataflow Task, which is powered by a data pipeline engine that facilitates high-performance data movement and transformation between sources and destinations. Figure 1-1 illustrates flow of data from source to destination through data providers or drivers.
Figure 1-1 Representation of data flow from source to destination.
Integration Services offers several options for connecting to relational databases. OLE DB, ADO.NET, and ODBC adapters provide data store generic APIs for connecting to a wide range of databases. The only popular database connectivity option that is not supported in SSIS is Java Database Connectivity (JDBC). SSIS developers are often faced with the challenge of picking an adapter from the choices to connect to a particular data store. The factors that SSIS developers should consider when picking the connectivity options are as follows:
Data type support
Metadata exposed by driver or provider
Driver or provider support in 32 and 64-bit environments
Data type support in relational databases beyond the standard ANSI SQL data types differs; each has its own type system. Data types supported by data providers and drivers provide a layer of abstraction for the type systems in data stores. Data integration tools need to ensure that they don't lose type information when reading, processing, or writing data. SSIS has its own data type system. Adapters in SSIS map external data types exposed by data providers to SSIS data types, and maintain data type fidelity during interactions with external stores. The SSIS data type system ameliorates problems when dealing with data type differences among storage systems and providers, providing a consistent basis for data processing. SSIS implicitly converts data to the equivalent types in its own data type system when reading or writing data. When that is not possible, it might be necessary to explicitly convert data to binary or string types to avoid data loss.
See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms141036.aspx for a comprehensive list of SSIS data types.
Metadata Exposed by Provider
SQL Server Data Tools provides the development environment in which you can build SSIS packages, which are executable units in SSIS. Design experience in SQL Server Data Tools depends on the metadata exposed by data stores through drivers or providers to guide SSIS developers in setting package properties. Such metadata is used to get a list of databases, tables, views, and metadata of columns in tables or views during package construction. If a data store does not expose a particular metadata or if the driver does not implement an interface to get some metadata from the data stores, the SSIS package development experience will be affected. Manually setting the relevant properties in SSIS packages could help in those instances.
The Integration Services designer in SQL Server 2005, 2008, and 2008 R2 is called Business Intelligence Development Studio. In SQL Server 2012, the SSIS development environment became part of an integrated toolset named SQL Server Data Tools, which brought together database and business intelligence development into one environment.
Support in 32 and 64-Bit Environments
You can execute SSIS packages in either 32-bit or 64-bit modes. If the application is a 32-bit application, SSIS uses the 32-bit data provider.
The 32 and 64-bit versions of data providers usually have the same identifier. Once referenced using the identifier, the version of the data provider loaded during execution time will depend on the application that loads it. The data provider available to SSIS packages will depend on the bit mode under which the package is executed. For example, execution of packages inside SQL Server Data Tools is in 32-bit mode by default; hence the 32-bit provider will be used during execution in SQL Server Data Tools. Packages that successfully execute in 32-bit mode do not necessarily execute successfully in 64-bit mode (and vice versa). This is because data providers or drivers might not be available in both modes. If the 64-bit driver is not available on the executing machine, execution will fail when attempting 64-bit execution and vice versa. SSIS package developers and administrators have to keep this in mind during package development and execution.
You can override 32-bit execution in SQL Server Data Tools by setting the value of the package property Run64BitRuntime to True. This property takes effect only within SQL Server Data Tools; it has no effect when you execute a package in SQL Server Management Studio or the DTExec utility. If the package is executed in other contexts, this property is ignored; however, there are other ways to control package execution mode in those contexts.
Several factors impact the performance of data integration operations. One of the main factors is adapter performance, which is directly related to the performance of the low-level data providers or drivers used by the adapters. Although there are general recommendations (see Table 1-1) for what adapter to use for each popular database, there is no guarantee that you will get the best performance from the recommended adapters. Adapter performance depends on several factors, such as the driver or data provider involved, and the bit mode of the drivers. We recommend that SSIS developers compare performance of different connectivity options before determining which one to use in the production environment.
Table 1-1 Recommended adapters for some popular data stores
Recommended adapters
Oracle and Teradata connectors are available for download at http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=29283. Connecting to SAP R/3 requires the Microsoft .NET Data Provider for mySAP Business Suite, which is available as part of the BizTalk Adapter Pack 2.0. BizTalk is not required to install the adapter pack or to use the SAP provider. We recommend Microsoft OLE DB Provider for DB2 for connectivity to DB2 and it is available in Microsoft Host Integration Server or in the SQL Server Feature Pack.
Movement of Data Between Systems
The data integration scenario in this section covers moving data between data storage systems. Data movement can be a one-time operation during system or application migration, or it can be a recurring process that periodically moves data from one data store to another. An example of one-time movement is data migration before discontinuing an old system. Copying incremental data from a legacy system at regular intervals to a newer data store, to ensure the new system is a super set of the older one is an example of recurring data movement. These types of transfers usually involve data transformation so that the moved data conforms to the schema of the destination system. The source and destination adapters in SSIS discussed earlier in this chapter can help with connecting to the old and new systems.
You use transform components in SSIS to perform operations such as conversion, grouping, merging, sampling, sorting, distribution, or other common operations on the data that is extracted into the SSIS data pipeline. In SSIS, these transform components take data flow pipeline data as input, process it, and add the output back to the pipeline, which can be of the same shape or different than the input. Transform components can operate on data row-by-row, on a subset of rows, or on the entire data set at once. All transformations in SSIS are executed in memory, which helps with high-performance data processing and transformation. Each data transformation operation is defined on one or more columns of data in the data flow pipeline. To perform operations not supported out of the box, SSIS developers can use scripts or build custom transformations. Built-in SSIS transforms that support some of the most common data operations are as follows:
Aggregate Applies aggregate functions, such as Average, Count, or Group By, to column values and copies the results to the transformation output.
Conditional split Routes data rows to different outputs depending on the data content.
Multicast Distributes every row from input to one or more outputs for branched processing.
Lookup Performs lookups by joining data in input columns with columns in a reference dataset.
Merge Combines two sorted datasets into a single dataset.
Sort Sorts input data in ascending or descending order.
Union all Combines multiple inputs into one output.
Data Conversion transform Converts the data in an input column to a different data type.
Derived Column transform Creates new column values by applying expressions to input columns.
One-time data migrations can range from simple data movement with no transformations to extremely complex movement with more than one source and heavyweight data transformation logic. Packages for complex data movement can evolve from those created for simple one-time data movement to those built from scratch by SSIS developers using SQL Server Data Tools. An employee getting data from a database table and importing it into Excel for further data analysis and processing is an example of simple one-time data movement. Such users do not necessarily have in-depth knowledge of ETL concepts or SSIS features. The Import and Export Wizard in SSIS helps such users build simple data movement solutions. This wizard constructs and uses an SSIS package behind the scenes, hiding the complexity involved in building a package. The packages created by the wizard involve source and destination adapters for the data stores participating in the movement. Figure 1-2 shows a step in the wizard for selecting tables at the source to copy to the destination. After the wizard has created a package, you can save and edit it later using the SQL Server Data Tools environment (discussed in detail later in this chapter). This capability comes in handy for SSIS developers who might have to update packages created by information workers, adding more complex transformations before making those packages available for use by the IT department. Data sources and destinations supported by the Import and Export Wizard include the following:
Relational databases that support a .NET Framework Provider or OLE DB Provider
Microsoft Office files: Access and Excel
Delimited data files in plain text
You can enable simple transformation capabilities in wizard-created packages to carry out data type mapping between a source and a destination. To avoid complexity when dealing with data types, the wizard automatically maps data types of each column selected for data movement at the source to the types of destination columns, using data type mapping files that are part of the SSIS installation for this purpose. SSIS provides default mapping files in XML format for commonly used source and destination combinations. For example, the wizard uses a mapping file called DB2ToMSSql10.xml when moving data from DB2 to SQL Server 2008 or a newer version. This file maps each data type in DB2 to the corresponding types in SQL Server 2008 or later. Listing 1-1 shows a portion of this file that maps between the Timestamp data type in DB2 and the SQL Server datetime2 type.
Listing 1-1 Data type mapping in DB2ToMSSql10.xml
<dtm:DataTypeMappings
xmlns:dtm="http://www.microsoft.com/SqlServer/Dts/DataTypeMapping.xsd"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
SourceType="DB2OLEDB;Microsoft.HostIntegration.MsDb2Client.MsDb2Connection"
MinSourceVersion="*"
MaxSourceVersion="*"
DestinationType="SQLOLEDB;SQLNCLI*;System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection"
MinDestinationVersion="10.*"
MaxDestinationVersion="*">
<!-- TIMESTAMP 10.* -->
<dtm:DataTypeMapping>
<dtm:SourceDataType>
<dtm:DataTypeName>TIMESTAMP</dtm:DataTypeName>
</dtm:SourceDataType>
<dtm:DestinationDataType>
<dtm:NumericType>
<dtm:DataTypeName>datetime2</dtm:DataTypeName>
<dtm:SkipPrecision/>
<dtm:UseSourceScale/>
</dtm:NumericType>
</dtm:DestinationDataType>
</dtm:DataTypeMapping>
</dtm:DataTypeMappings>
In SQL Server Integration Services 2012, mapping files are installed to %Program Files%\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DTS\MappingFiles by default. Users can update the default mapping files and also add mapping files to this folder to add support for more sources and destinations in the wizard. The new mapping files must conform to the published XSD schema, and map types between a unique combination of source and destination.
Different usage scenarios of Import and Export Wizard lead to different methods to launch it. For example, a SQL Server database developer or administrator who wants to import data from Microsoft Office Excel to a database could invoke the wizard from SQL Server Management Studio in the context of the destination database. This option allows you to save the package constructed by the wizard and then either execute it later or run it right away.
Another way to invoke the wizard is from SQL Server Data Tools. SSIS beginners who want to start with some basic data-moving package constructs can invoke the wizard from Solution Explorer in SQL Server Data Tools and add a package to the current solution. After adding the package, they can edit it for improvements and then save it just like any other package in the SQL Server Data Tools solution.
One-time migration scenarios often involve copying data objects and data from one instance of SQL Server to another. SSIS supports this scenario with a few tasks that you can use to transfer databases, logins, objects, stored procedures in a master database, user-defined error messages, or SQL Agent jobs between two SQL Server instances. All these transfer tasks use the SQL Management Object (SMO) connection manager to connect to the SQL Servers involved in the transfer.
Figure 1-2 Make your selections in the Import and Export wizard.
You perform recurring data movements by using a SQL Server Agent job to schedule the execution of the SSIS package that performs the operation.
Loading a Data Warehouse
SSIS is a quintessential ETL tool and platform for traditional data warehouse (DW) loading. Loading DWs is the most popular use for SSIS in enterprises. In data warehousing, data is moved from operational data stores to a central location that's optimized for analysis and reporting. This type of loading can be done either incrementally or as a bulk refresh and it typically involves the following operations:
Extract all or changed data from multiple sources
Transform extracted data before loading at the destination
Load dimension and fact tables at the destination
Reference data lookup
Key generation
Manage historical changes
SSIS can be used effectively to implement all of these operations. Extracting data from multiple sources, transforming data, and loading tables are discussed briefly in the scenarios described earlier in this chapter. Getting changed data is discussed in the next section. This section examines other DW loading operations.
Reference data lookup involves getting data from an external reference dataset. For example, given a customer identifier, a DW loading process might need to retrieve additional data about the customer; for example, getting the customer's zip code from a customer relationship management (CRM) server that stores all customer-related information. In this case, the external dataset on the CRM server is used as the reference to add more data to the ETL pipeline. SSIS supports this step in DW processing using the Lookup Transform component. The reference dataset can be an existing table or view in a relational database, the result of a SQL query, or the Lookup Cache file. SSIS needs reference data in memory for the lookup operation. For large reference sets, the data can be preloaded into a special type of file called Lookup Cache for efficiency and high performance. The Lookup transformation uses either an OLE DB connection manager or a Lookup Cache connection manager to connect to the reference dataset. The Lookup transformation performs lookups by joining data in input columns with columns in the reference dataset. Lookup Transform can use multiple inputs for the lookup operation. Lookup inputs cannot be of certain data types like image or text. For supported string data types, the lookup operation is case sensitive and Character Map transformation has to be used explicitly to convert lookup input to upper or lowercase to match the case in the reference data. Inputs not matched in the reference data can be redirected using the Lookup transform. Connectivity from Lookup transform to relational databases is limited to OLE DB connectivity and the supported data sources are SQL Server, Oracle, and DB2. If the reference data source does not support OLE DB connectivity, a Data Flow task using any supported source adapter and Cache transform is used to create a cache file for lookup operations in another Data Flow task.
Lookup transform supports only exact matches when looking up the reference dataset. Fuzzy Lookup transform, discussed in the next section, supports nonexact matching on the reference data. SQL Server 2005 did not support redirection of unmatched inputs.
Generating unique keys and using them to substitute a natural primary key for dimension tables in DWs is a comment pattern. These keys are often referred to as surrogate or artificial keys and they are quite useful in making dimensional updates easier in cases where natural primary keys can change. When the natural key is an alphanumeric or composite surrogate, you use an integer key for better performance. Surrogate key generation during ETL processes is considered better than using key generation at destinations (such as using the identity key feature in SQL Server) during row inserts because referential integrity established at the destination using such destination-generated keys can break during data movement. In contrast, surrogate keys enable data portability. There is no built-in functionality in SSIS to generate keys, but it is quite easy to do. Scripting or custom extensions are popular approaches for building surrogate key generators in SSIS. Surrogate key generation typically involves getting the maximum value of the surrogate key currently used in the table of interest, and using it as a seed to assign a key to each row in the data flow pipeline, with predefined increments. Some SSIS developers prefer to maintain the seed value within their ETL systems without having to query the database at the beginning of every ETL process.
In DWs, dimensional data can change over time. Such dimensions are commonly referred to as slowly changing dimensions (SCDs). SCD processing and managing historical changes is one of the more difficult steps in DW loading operations. There are three common types of SCDs:
Type 1 Old data is overwritten, and historical changes are not preserved. This type is often used with dimensional data that is no longer correct and when the historical values carry no business value.
Type 2 Historical changes are preserved, and a row is added for each new value. This is the most common type of change in DW dimensions. Each row (current and historical) of a dimensional value will have its own surrogate key, version number, or timestamp that can be used to get the most recent value.
Type 3 Create columns used to maintain current value and history. You would employ this method when changes happen only rarely, or at predefined intervals, and you need to maintain only a few of the most recent historical values.
SSIS supports this operation using the Slowly Changing Dimension transform, which coordinates the update and insertion of records in DW dimension tables. This transformation supports four types of changes:
Changing attribute Supports Type 1 SCD described earlier.
Historical attribute Supports Type 2 SCD described earlier.
Fixed attribute Changes indicate that the column value must not change. Rows that try to change these values are redirected for further processing.
Inferred member A placeholder record is created when dimension values are not yet available.
Type 3 changes are not supported in SCD transforms, but can be handled using a combination of other SSIS components. The Slowly Changing Dimension transformation has one input and up to six outputs. Each output corresponds to the update, insert, or other processing requirements of the record in the dimension table at the destination. During execution, the SCD transform identifies incoming row records with matches in a lookup table using its connection manager. After the match is found, SCD identifies the update type for each row and column, then redirects the row into the appropriate output for handling the change correctly. For example, in Type 1 dimension processing, the SCD transform outputs the row to the Changing Attributes Updates output, which is connected to OLE DB Command transform that updates the record in the dimension table using a SQL UPDATE statement.
The OLE DB Command transform in SSIS is a row-based component, and can significantly hurt the performance of SCD processing. The number of dimension value changes to be processed will require an equal number of calls to the database, which is obviously not an efficient approach. There are alternative approaches to design better SCD processing in SSIS, including the following:
SQL MERGE statement for simple changes
Custom components for large dimensions and error processing
The SSIS Dimension Merge SCD Component, available at http://www.codeplex.com
Constructing and configuring steps for SCD processing can get complex during ETL design. SSIS supplies a wizard to help developers go through standard steps in SCD management. The wizard produces transformations for SCD processing in the Data Flow task and works only with dimension tables in SQL Server databases. Figure 1-3 shows the typical SSIS components involved in SCD processing. All the components shown (except the source adapter) are added by the wizard.
Figure 1-3 Slowly changing dimension processing in SSIS.
Cleaning, Formatting, or Standardization of Data
Data in organizations exist in many forms, shapes, and quality levels. Different parts of the organization might use different conventions and formats. During interbusiness transactions, data is acquired from other organizations that might use different data stores and have different data quality standards. Global organizations maintain data in different locales to serve domestic business needs in different geographical regions. Data can also get corrupted during transactions, and such data needs to be isolated during processing.
Data integration processes need to deal with these issues, gathering all the data and ensuring it's in a consistent state before processing the consolidated data in the integration environment or loading it into destinations. Most data integration tools have capabilities to help deal with dirty data, including incorrect spellings, inaccurate or invalid data, duplicates, or unexpected abbreviations.
SSIS provides some data cleansing options suitable for various customer needs, including the Fuzzy Lookup and Fuzzy Grouping transformation components that act as generic data processing operations without requiring an expert collection of domain-specific rules. Fuzzy Lookup helps in matching incoming and potentially low-quality data with a cleaned and standardized reference data set. It outputs the closest match in reference data and quality of the match. Fuzzy Grouping helps in identifying groups of rows in incoming data that are possibly referring to the same entity in a string column leading to duplicate detection in data. SSIS has Data Quality Services (DQS) Cleansing transform in SQL Server 2012. This transform is used to perform data correction and deduplication using knowledge bases built using DQS. During execution time, cleansing work happens in DQS server using the knowledge bases referenced in the transform and data is sent to the DQS server for cleansing. DQS is not a part of SSIS. It is another component in the Microsoft SQL Server product line like SSIS, providing knowledge-driven cleansing functionality.
Fuzzy Grouping and Fuzzy Lookup transformation components are not available in all editions of SQL Server. See the later section "SQL Server Editions and Integration Services Features" for details on the SQL Server editions and SSIS features available in each.
In addition to the special-purpose cleansing transforms just described, data standardization and formatting can be done in SSIS using the following features:
Character Map transform Applies string functions to character data.
Derived Column transform Creates new column values by applying expressions on input columns.
Data comparisons and replacement Functions are used in expressions that are computed on input columns.
Cleansing and format manipulation are useful, but in most cases the nature of data has to be well understood before any type of processing happens. SSIS provides a feature called the Data Profiling task that compiles statistics on the data and can be helpful in identifying cleansing needs and minimizing data quality issues. This task is configured to compute one or more profiles. The results, which are given in XML format, can be stored in a file or in an SSIS variable. Profiling results saved to a file can be viewed in the Data Profiler Viewer. It is possible to control the workflow in SSIS packages using the results of the profiling task.
The Data Profiling task works only with data stored in SQL Server 2000 or later versions.
Chapter 9, "Data Profling and Cleansing Using SSIS," discusses all these data quality and cleansing capabilities in SSIS in more detail.
Identification, Capture, and Processing of Data Changes
Ever-growing volumes of data in organizations, the need for real-time reports, and a reduced batch window for data processing have all resulted in the demand for change-processing capabilities in data integration tools. Data integration processing is efficient when it can run against an incremental data set instead of the all the data available in the data stores involved. Processing data incrementally reduces the run duration of data integration processes, which in turn can help by increasing the frequency at which these processes run. Using timestamp columns, checksum, or hash-function-based solutions for change detection and capture is a common industry practice. A relatively recent and popular alternative offered by several database vendors provides the native ability to identify changed data. Data integration tools can leverage these features to identify and capture changes for incremental data processing. For example, SQL Server provides Change Data Capture (CDC) and Change Tracking (CT) features, and SSIS provides built-in and custom options to process changed data that can leverage CDC functionality when it is used.
Data integration solution developers can make use of SQL Server CDC infrastructure directly during package design. The CDC feature in SQL Server is powerful, but it is also complex, and involves considerable custom logic. For streamlined CDC processing, SSIS provides the following tasks and components:
CDC Control task
CDC Source
CDC Splitter transform
CDC and CT are available in SQL Server 2008 and later versions. The CDC processing tasks and components in SSIS are available in SQL Server 2012.
The CDC Control task is useful for controlling various stages in change data processing in SSIS packages. It requires one connection manager to the database where changes need to be identified and captured, and another (optional) connection manager to persist the state of the CDC processing operation stored in an SSIS variable. CDC processing stages managed in SSIS using this task include marking the beginning and ending of initial data load, the start of the operation, and the range of data processed. CDC Source extracts changed rows within a specified processing range. Those rows can be obtained by the control task. The source component uses database artifacts generated by SQL Server during CDC setup on the database to be observed for changes. The CDC Splitter transformation routes changed data extracted by CDC Source into three output categories—Insert, Update, and Delete—applying different processing logic to each category. Chapter 8, "Working with Change Data Capture in SSIS 2012", discusses these components in detail. As mentioned earlier, these CDC components support only SQL Server databases. SSIS supports CDC on Oracle database using a Windows service that mimics Oracle database changes in SQL Server database, enabling change processing using the CDC task and components.
Coordination of Data Maintenance, Processing, or Analysis
The Data Flow task that supports data extraction, transformation, and loading described in previous sections is executed in the context of a workflow defined in the Control Flow section of SSIS packages. Control Flow in SSIS is task oriented, and it coordinates execution of data processing tasks in the business workflow. In addition to the special-purpose Data Flow task powered by a buffer-based data processing engine, SSIS has several built-in tasks that you can use when building the control flow. These tasks, executed by the SSIS runtime engine, are useful for operations such as database administrative steps, preparation for dataflow execution, command execution on Analysis Server, and many other operations common in data integration. You can also build custom tasks using the SSIS programming model and use those as a part of the Control Flow. Execution of scripts is also possible in the Control Flow.
Three types of containers are available to host tasks. The Sequence container is used to group tasks and containers to manage them as one unit. The For Each container facilitates repeating steps in a control flow by enumerating files or objects, and the For Loop container provides another option for repeating steps in a Control Flow that uses a conditional expression. These containers can host other containers along with tasks. Tasks and containers in the Control Flow are connected by precedence constraints that determine the execution path in the workflow. Precedence constraints specify the order in which tasks and task containers are executed during runtime, or conditions that determine which part of the workflow will execute next. The simplicity of using constraints makes orchestration of steps in the SSIS workflow easy to build, debug, and manage.
SSIS includes tasks for performing database maintenance operations. These tasks are useful in building database maintenance plans in SQL Server Management Studio and also in SQL Server Data Tools along with other tasks that you can use when constructing control flow in SSIS. Figure 1-4 shows the SQL Server Management Studio designer in the process of building a database maintenance plan using SSIS maintenance tasks. Some of the popular database maintenance tasks are the following:
Backup Database task Performs SQL Server database backups.
Rebuild Index task Rebuilds indexes in SQL Server database tables and views.
Update Statistics task Updates information about the distribution of key values for one or more sets of statistics on the specified table or view.
Shrink Database task Reduces the size of SQL Server database data and log files.
Figure 1-4 Database maintenance tasks in SQL Server Management Studio.
Tasks available to build Control Flow are typically used for the preparation of Data Flow task execution. For example, the Execute SQL task is used to run SQL statements on data stores. This task is used for operations like creating or truncating tables, preparing staging database, getting maximum value of an identity column in a table, executing stored procedures, or getting a count of rows in a spreadsheet. The Execute SQL task can be used with a wide range of data sources and supports several connection managers for that. Getting data files from external systems to data integration servers is a common data loading preparation step. SSIS offers a few options for this operation, and the following are the most popular:
File System task Performs operations on files and directories in the file system. For example, this task can be used to get data files from a remote file share and copy them to a newly created directory in the local file system.
FTP task Downloads data files from an FTP server, uploads data files to an FTP server, or manages directories on server. For example, this task can be used to get data from an FTP location for ETL processing and drop the original file from that location after download.
Web Service task Executes a Web service method. For example, this task can be used to get data from a Web service that can be written to a variable or file.
If the data file obtained using one of these tasks is in XML format, you can use the XML task in SSIS to process it. This task can reformat data using XSLT, select XML nodes using XPath queries, or merge multiple XML documents. If the data file is a text or XML file and the data has to be loaded into SQL Server without any transformations, you can use the Bulk Insert task, which wraps the BULK INSERT statement in SQL Server. This provides an efficient way to copy large amounts of data to SQL Server tables or views.
SSIS has two Analysis Services tasks used for executing operations against Microsoft SQL Server Analysis Services databases. The Analysis Services Execute DDL task is used to execute Data Definition Language statements to create, drop, or alter Analysis Services mining models, cubes, or dimensions. The Analysis Services Processing task is used to process these artifacts once they are created.
Any data maintenance or processing functionality not available in SSIS can be implemented using the Script task. For example, if preparation for a Data Flow task involves getting data from a source that does not have a built-in connector from SSIS or if a particular data processing step to be included in Control Flow is not available in SSIS, scripting can help and the Script task is used for that.
SSIS packages can be configured to restart execution from the point of failure if a step in the Control Flow fails. You control package restart using checkpoint files. If a package uses checkpoint files, information about the package execution is written to the file. Therefore, if the package must be restarted after a failure, execution can restart with the failed task or container. SSIS checkpoints are particularly useful to avoid unnecessarily repeating heavyweight operations that have already completed successfully in the Control Flow when rerunning a package, such as copying a huge file, or executing a time-consuming data flow.
Administrative operations and maintenance steps often need to be executed on a regular basis and at scheduled time intervals. SQL Server Agent is used to automate execution of SSIS packages.
Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Integration Services
SQL Server 2019 Administration Inside Out
By Randolph West, Melody Zacharias, William Assaf, Sven Aelterman, Louis Davidson, Joseph D'Antoni
T-SQL Window Functions: For data analysis and beyond, 2nd Edition
By Itzik Ben-Gan


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text:
Deir al-Balah Gaza City Gaza Siege Gaza Strip Human rights Israeli attacks Khan Younis News Report
Israei Opens Levees, Floods Homes, And Agricultural Lands East Of Gaza
Late on Saturday night, the Israeli army opened levees along the perimeter fence east of Gaza, causing accumulating heavy rainwater to flood homes and agricultural lands in Gaza.
Media sources said the army opened the levees toward agricultural lands near the fence, east of Gaza city, and east of the central area of the coastal region.
The water flooded many homes in neighborhoods east of Gaza city, Deir Al-Balah, Al-Boreij, and az-Zawaida in the Central District.
The army also opened levies east of Khan Younis in the southern part of the Gaza Strip, causing significant losses to the farmers' lands, sheds, and homes.
The locals, along with Civil Defense teams and workers of local municipalities, rushed to the flooded areas to help the families, and continue to monitor their conditions, especially amidst the heavy rainfall.
The WAFA Palestinian News Agency said the flooding in the Central District caused the destruction of huts and sheds and flooded the street on the Al-Aqsa Hospital.
Every year when the rainfall intensifies in the area, the Israeli army opens the levees leading to the Palestinian lands to ensure Israel's illegal colonies across the perimeter fence do not suffer any flooding or gathering of water from the rain.
While Israel's colonies and communities have advanced infrastructure, the Israeli army chooses to open the levees to flood lands and homes in the eastern parts of the besieged and impoverished coastal region.
As usual, defense bill gives millions of dollars to Israel, but no one tells Americans
Israeli Army Fires At Homes In Southern Gaza
By IMEMC News
Diplomacy Human rights International International Law International News International Politics Israel Israeli attacks Jerusalem Jerusalem News Report Palestine West Bank
WAFA: "Israeli Human Rights Organizations Deplore EU High Representative Equating Amnesty With Antisemitism""
Feb 8, 2023 The Palestinian News & Info Agency
Human rights International Politics Israeli attacks Jerusalem Jerusalem News Report Palestine West Bank
PCHR sends a submission to the UN Commission of Inquiry
Feb 8, 2023 PCHR


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Alaska Pacific University to become tribal college
Joaqlin Estus, KNBA - Anchorage
The Alaska Pacific University board of trustees voted Dec. 19 to partner with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium to transform the small Anchorage-based university into a tribal college.
The Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium is part of a statewide network of tribal health organizations. It trains mid-level dental health aides, community health aides and water and sewer plant operators, among others.
Alaska Pacific University Trustee John Wanamaker said that experience is valuable anywhere there are sparsely populated rural areas.
"It's more than just local, and the opportunity is such that I see the ability to attract students and people from all over the globe to the university — basically leveraging off the expertise and excellence at ANTHC and incredible reputation ANTHC developed in delivering rural health," Wanamaker said.
Wanamaker said APU has struggled to bring in enough students to cover operating expenses. Generous donors fill the gap, and he said the school is not in a fiscal crisis.
Still, ANTHC chief of staff LeeAnn Garrick said ANTHC funding will give the university stronger footing, and a chance to grow.
"ANTHC has, as part of our partnership, contributed funding to help the university, to give the university some stability," Garrick said. "And then also some of that funding will be used to look at additional expansion of programs to one end could be a tribal college, moving in that direction."
Garrick said ANTHC and APU will be working out the specifics of moving forward and come up with a transition plan within the next 90 days. But she said the timeline is not as important as the nature of what they create.
"The tribal college distinction is important to us because tribal colleges are… it's a model that would infuse our traditions and values into that curriculum," Garrick said. "APU being, liking that model and wanting to look into that approach is very attractive to us."
One of the first steps to transforming APU is to put a dozen or so tribal health leaders on the APU board, which Wanamaker called a welcome prospect.
"What we're most excited about is the energy and enthusiasm of the ANTHC leadership team and new trustees coming on the board of the APU, the statewide representation of the new trustees, mind you," Wanamaker said. "That level of enthusiasm, energy and intellect is going to develop great things."
Alaska has one tribal college now, Ilisagvik College in Utqiagvik, the town formerly known as Barrow.
Previous articleGov. Walker proposes stable Fish and Game budget
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http://www.knba.org
Joaqlin Estus is a reporter at KNBA in Anchorage.
Biden hires more Arctic drilling opponents for Interior Department
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Alaska Public Media > News > APRN Stories - Featured > Alaska Pacific University to become tribal college


text:
Q: Bootstrap horizontal form with left floated side tabs I am trying to put a horizontal form inside of a section with left tabbing.
The problem that I cannot seem to beat is that since the tab-left is created by floating the
 left, and the .form-group's are grouped by clearing similar to .clearfix, means that the first form-group will clear the left tabs as well, causing the next form-group to be positioned way off.
Snippet: http://www.codeply.com/go/zdjODkN7uu
I am wondering if it is possible to sort of 'remove' the clearfix for the form-group's or otherwise correctly contain the form within the tab-contents section?
Thanks for any help.

A: Maybe this will work or help you figure out what you need. It's basically just using columns to hold the tabs.

/* left tab styles (was removed from bootstrap 3)
  pulled from http://stackoverflow.com/a/18443236 and http://www.bootply.com/74926 */

.tabs-left .nav-tabs {
  height: 100%;
  border-bottom: 0;
  padding-top: 50px;
}
.tabs-left .nav-tabs li {
  float: none;
}
.tabs-left .nav-tabs li a {
  min-width: 74px;
  margin-right: 0;
  margin-bottom: 3px;
}
.tabs-left .nav-tabs {
  float: left;
  margin-right: 19px;
  border-right: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.tabs-left .nav-tabs li a {
  margin-right: -1px;
  -webkit-border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
  -moz-border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
  border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;
}
.tabs-left .nav-tabs li a:hover,
.tabs-left .nav-tabs li a:focus {
  border-color: #eeeeee #dddddd #eeeeee #eeeeee;
}
.tabs-left .nav-tabs .active a,
.tabs-left .nav-tabs .active a:hover,
.tabs-left .nav-tabs .active a:focus {
  border-color: #ddd transparent #ddd #ddd;
  border-right-color: #ffffff;
}
@media (max-width: 360px) {
  .tab-pane {
    margin-left: 35px;
  }
}

<link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />

Setup a Payment Plan

Reports

          <form class="form-horizontal" id="tabForm">

              System:

                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="system" />

              Company:

                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="company" />

          </form>

Yup

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Turkmenistan's president has pledged to conserve scarce water resources, a major problem in a country that's considered to be among the world's top water wasters.
Addressing Turkmens on the Day of Water, a national holiday, President Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov pledged to curb waste. He said the government would oversee the "systematic introduction of conservation technologies... and the application of best practices," according to the French news agency AFP, citing state media.
Much of the Central Asian country is covered by the Karakum desert, one of the driest places on earth.
The former-Soviet Central Asia states have largely failed to repair outdated irrigation networks and continue to produce water-intensive crops such as cotton. In 2012, Uzbek President Islam Karimov warned disagreements over water-sharing could spark war in the region.


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Scientists find 95 genetic variants associated with heart disease risk factor
An international team of scientists has identified 95 genetic variants associated with high blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels which are major risk factors for coronary heart disease. The study, published in the journal Nature and funded in part by the EU, could lead to novel ways of preventing and treating heart disease.
Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. Abnormal levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, or 'bad' cholesterol), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides are all known to be major risk factors for heart disease and represent important drug targets.
In their paper, the scientists describe how they carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS), scanning the genomes of 100,000 people of European descent and looking for changes in the genetic material that are associated with changes in lipid levels.
"Although blood concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides have long between known as risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the extent to which genetics contributes to those concentrations and just how alterations in the underlying genes leads to the development of disease has been incredibly difficult to piece together," explained Dr Sekar Kathiresan of Massachusetts General Hospital in the US.
The researchers' analyses uncovered 95 genetic variants, 59 of which were previously unknown. According to the team, taken together the 95 variants 'explain 10%-12% of the total variance (representing 25%-30% of the genetic variance'.
Many of the variants are located in genes known to be linked to lipid levels and heart disease. "Closer scrutiny of the gene loci revealed genetic variants which we know offer a molecular target for cholesterol-lowering drugs," commented Professor Thomas Meitinger of the German Research Center for Environmental Health.
The scientists also scanned the genomes of thousands of people of East Asian, south Asian and African American descent. This revealed that the majority of the variants are shared across diverse ethnic groups.
"The new findings point us to specific genetic signposts that allow us to understand more fully why many people from all walks of life have abnormal levels of cholesterol and other blood lipids that lead to heart disease," said Christopher O'Donnell of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the US. "What's really exciting about this work is that we are moving from discovery to understanding brand-new information about how genes alter the lipids that contribute to heart disease."
As well as shedding light on the genetic causes of abnormal lipid levels, and, by extension, heart disease risk, the study validates the use of GWAS involving ever larger numbers of people. Previous studies of the genetic factors behind high lipid levels involved 20,000 people, and some had suggested that carrying out larger studies would result in no new variants or variants whose effect is so small as to be of negligible interest from a biological or clinical point of view.
"It is often argued that large-scale meta-analyses with more than 100,000 test subjects have little significance for the biology of complex diseases," said Professor H.-Erich Wichmann of the German Research Center for Environmental Health. "Our study impressively refutes this assertion. On the contrary, some of the newly discovered gene loci have clear biological and clinical relevance."
EU support for the work came from several projects. The ENGAGE (European network for genetic and genomic epidemiology) project is financed through the Health Theme of the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). INGENIOUS HYPERCARE (Integrated genomics, clinical research and care in hypertension), DIABESITY (Novel molecular drug targets for obesity and type 2 diabetes) and EUROSPAN (European special populations research network: quantifying and harnessing genetic variation for gene discovery) are all funded under the 'Life sciences, genomics and biotechnology for health' Thematic area of the Sixth Framework Programme (FP6). Finally, the GENOMEUTWIN (Genome-wide analyses of European twin and population cohorts to identify genes in common diseases) project was supported under the 'Quality of life and management of the living resources' programme of the EU's Fifth Framework Programme (FP5).
Nature, http://www.nature.com/nature
German Research Center for Environmental Health, http://www.helmholtz-muenchen.de
National Institutes of Health (NIH), http://www.nih.gov
Copyright ©European Communities, 2010
Neither the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, nor any person acting on its behalf, is responsible for the use, which might be made of the attached information. The attached information is drawn from the Community R&D Information Service (CORDIS). The CORDIS services are carried on the CORDIS Host in Luxembourg - http://cordis.europa.eu. Access to CORDIS is currently available free-of-charge.


The most appropriate response to this? Old reliable.
I spy a vertical smile and a chocolate starfish.
i don't care that her bathing suit doesn't have matching colors.
I have a striking resemblance to the mast behind her.
I have been studying this for a while and this click thru is truly an amazing picture. In one shot it captures everything I like plus it has a sandy beach, water, sun, blue skies, a boat and starfish in it too. I think I may frame it and hang in my family room.


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Inter-Organizational Competition and Survival
Woke up in the apartment in Chengdu this morning at 6:00am and ended up thinking about this stuff:
-------- Forwarded Message --------
Subject: inter-organizational competition and survival
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 2016 07:01:19 +0800
From: Jim C. March Yahoo <jimcmarch@yahoo.com>
To: James C. March <jimcmarch@yahoo.com>
Write a play or story involving these major topics in organizational behavior:
Consider an organizational structure to be a form of "artificial intelligence": Artificial intelligence means something different, and "organization" pulls me into a discussion rooted in organizational theory, which talks more about the "how" instead of the "why", more about the "process within" than the "process between", and focuses on "the individual versus the organization" more than "this organization versus that organization".
The culture of China versus the culture of the United States: What can we learn from each other to our mutual evolution and survival?
The conflict between my family and other families (at the institutional conflict level)
The institution of marriage and the family (how marriage choices are made, what is tolerated, why, and how marriage impacts the survival of the family)
Think of the strengths of two sexes as it relates to facilitating the interaction (sharing of "success" information) between families.
The institution of marriage interacting with culture (the conflict between perpetuating a culture versus exploring new cultures)
The conflict between my culture and "not" my culture (what is a culture? how is it perpetuated? how do different cultures interact? survive? tolerate each other? learn from each other (both positive and negative contributors to survival))
The conflict between the family and the culture
The conflict between the family and the school as a vehicle for culture
The power of two sexes in forcing genetic variation across families vis a vis the power of culture in forcing education across families
What if, as a culture, we chose to exalt marriages across cultures?
How does the U.S. in relation to China look through these glasses?


Good morning lovies! It is Monday and quite frankly I am really happy about that – yep, I am happy to go to work this early morning. As much as I love vacation, I really do enjoy my job and I am looking forward to seeing my colleagues again and writing all my emails. Am I sick? Haha, most likely! But really, what is it with people hating Mondays so much? I do agree that the weekends are almost always too short, and I really am not a morning person (ie. complain daily that I would need to sleep in some more), but I still enjoy what I do for a living and I believe that truly is the most important thing. I couldn't imagine waking up to a job that I have to spend my whole day at, one that I spend more time at then seeing my loved ones and then not liking what I do. That is my worst nightmare in regards to working!
Anyway, now that the family arrived yesterday and we will be spending Easter together at my place, I really had to step up my game in regards to easter decorations. I've been blowing out eggs (sounds so wrong?!) the past weeks and days every time I made myself an omelette or something similar to have enough eggs at the end to decorate. Speaking of eggs – does anyone know why it is even eggs we hide, we color and we see everywhere? As far as I am concerned the bunny surely doesn't lay them. Ok, this bothers me now – I will need to google that later today!
So for my easter egg decorations I decided to go all white, modern and copper this year. I have white porcelain bunnies all over the apartment – you probably now think I am a freak. And I stand to it, I absolutely do – I love my bunnies haha. :-) My mom actually brought me two more so now I really do have enough in the living room. I might just bring those two into my bedroom for some easter feeling in there.
I decided on spraying my easter eggs in a copper, metallic look this year. Why? Simple! For one thing, I am not the greatest fan of the 'traditional' multi-colored eggs. As much as I love colors, I like things clean and not all too colorful in my apartment. Second, I love copper. I love everything that shines really and especially metal colors such as gold, silver and copper. I already broke one egg yesterday when one of the strings detached and fell down, but thankfully all others were fine. If the others don't break I might actually keep these for next year – store them in one of those egg containers. :-) Anyone else so excited for easter? I still need to fully decide on recipes now but I have picked out some already for the upcoming days.
Good morning lovies and a happy Sunday! Did you all change the clock last night? Yes – it is officially summer time again and we can stay up one hour longer (or so I pretend)!
I am officially back home in cold, cold Zurich (so much for the summer time … ugh!). I arrived yesterday early afternoon and – as much as I love traveling and being abroad – I am so glad to be home again. Home means my bed, my pillows, my food, my cooking, my lazy Sunday. Yup, I am so glad to be home again, no matter how much I enjoyed the week off. And I really did – I loved it! We (my bestie and I) didn't sleep in too much, as we went diving everyday except Wednesday and Friday, which always started at 8 am – too early! But it's so much fun – I would've never imagined it to be so calming to dive. The weather really got me spoiled though – we had around 34°C daily and still 28°C at night – I lived in my bikini and the wetsuit when diving. It was magical!
Now that I am back in grey, rainy Zurich, I already miss Oman! Oh, how warm it was! It is freezing here and I've been wearing a sweater ever since I got home, trying to acclimatize myself to these temperatures. Sadly, the outlook for the upcoming week isn't any better :-( .. rain, rain, rain! I am crossing fingers that it will be nicer next weekend for Easter! Have you gotten prepared everything already in regards to decorations? I will be working on my last decorations more or less today – DIY time it is!
The family is coming today (mom, dad, sis & dog) and I will have them all here for the next 10 days – so nice! We will be spending easter at my place this year – now that I've finally got the space – and so the decoration needs to be done! I need to plan and pre-organize most of it until tomorrow, Monday, night as I will be going for surgery on Tuesday – oh, I really don't want to! They will cut open my right wrist and fix some stuff there as I keep on having problems with my tendons – worst part: I am right-handed! Goodbye using my right hand for the upcoming weeks it seems! I am crossing fingers however, that I will be able to semi-type, either well with left only or at least a little with the right (work is waiting, the blog needs updates and uni assignments will be due). Have any of you had surgery on your wrist before? Luckily I will be out in the evening and do not need to stay overnight. The surgery itself will only last an hour as well, but until I am fully awake again and everything is ready it will be evening. Ugh, I am seriously shitting myself! Wednesday I will go back to get it checked once more and then soon physiotherapy starts – joy!
Anyway, now that I finally have full on internet again I will be able to show you more of the pictures I took in Oman – so excited to share! For today I will be "only" sharing my photos, which some of you might have already seen on Instagram. – which is, by the way, one of my social media apps I try updating daily!
Hello my loves! I missed writing – I really did! The internet is killing here – it basically does not exist and trying to upload a photo takes forever (given that I am so not patient with this kind of stuff!). However, I have managed to at least upload a few from the private hotel beach we went on our first day.
We arrived Friday midnight and enjoyed our first day (Saturday) mostly at the beach and the pool. It feels so good to wake up with no less than 26°C and it is even more amazing to have around 32°C. I cannot believe I survived the winter with minus degrees ever so often – sadly, I will have to fly back again Saturday early morning. However, until then I still have some days left to soak in as much sun as possible. Funnily enough, I have barely tanned at all so far. I started my tanning sessions already a bit in Zurich as I really did not want to show up completely pale in my bikinis – and honestly, I barely wear bikinis here at all. The past two days we have been going on two dives in the morning. Starting at 8, we actually had to always get up at 7am already – which is one of the bad side effects of diving .. I am really not a morning person before 9am :-) However, it is great to get up and have a huge buffet to choose from for breakfast. I have an omelette daily, mixed with some slices of ham and fruit every morning, some for lunch and then of course as a small dessert in the evening.
Tomorrow we decided to skip the two dives in the morning and instead will sleep in a bit – in the end, it still is our vacation. We will take it easy, go for walks, actually tan (or try to – cross fingers!), walk over to the other beach where there is a hud with a great fish restaurant and just relax. I will need to do some more uni stuff – which I try to do every evening but I get quickly annoyed because the internet just takes too long.
I will try and take some pictures under water and I surely will take some more of the hotel and hopefully of myself – which is difficult when only in a wetsuit all the time with the hair all over and no make up on :-)..
Good morning loves! The weekend is officially over and I about to run off to work again – a full week ahead! I usually don't say 'Let the countdown for Friday begin!' as I don't mind the days inbetween the weekend either currently (sounds crazy, huh?). The week gives me time to stop thinking about all the things circleing in my head and thus actually gives me a break from other topics. This week however, I AM counting down to Friday. I am finally flying to Oman on Friday with my bestest friend – and I literally cannot wait for vacation to start! Finally it's all about bikinis, sun tanning, the ocean, diving, good food and sleeping in again. I've waited too long it seems! Until then, however, I have lots to do. My schedule is packed every single day with meetings and whatnot. Wednesday I'll be flying to Vienna for some meetings, which I am really looking forward to as well. Thursday, at the latest, I need to pack everything, though I will probably need to start that on Tuesday already to manage all the other tasks. I do, however, still need to work on my studies somehow. This week will be challenging as I want to get everything done as fast as possible before I fly (writing assignments and further researching). Unfortunately my studies don't stop during vacation, as I do an online degree, though I am looking forward to not having to stress myself in the evenings with that. And of course, I will make as many photos as possible from my holiday experience to share with you!
Now: It's all about Rivièra Maison – my favourite interior design store, ever! Last weekend, when in Maastricht, we walked into the store. We easily spent an hour in there and if it wouldn't have been for some of the family members and the bypassing time, I could have spent the whole day in there – daydreaming about my future house. I love the designs like no other. It gives me an instant feeling of being at home, of vacation, of summer, of love. I love the Scandinavian touch it all has, the wooden and earthy tones that are found everywhere and the small decoration details that make every room look so perfect. I swear I could buy almost the whole store – if only I had the space and money *sigh. I couldn't resist buying myself a round mirror to hang up (tied to a thick rope) and small other stuff. My apartment screams decoration maniac by now but I admit there is no way to resisting it.
Anyone else out there that loves these old songs from almost ten years ago? I remember this songs from when it came out in 2008 and I was so, so upsessed with it that until today, I know the lyrics by heart and still have those emotional moments were I dig it up to listen to. Tonight is actually one of those nights – Friday night: the week has been exhausting, there are so many things that have been discussed, are being discussed and probably some things will never find an end. Looking at the bright side of life though: it's finally Friday evening!


Asira Al-Shamaliya village is located about 6km north of Nablus city, with a population of 7,966 in 2007.
Asira village is famous for its olives. The village derived its name from "asir", which means the activity of pressing olive fruit. However, another source indicates that the name of the village came from pressing grapes, in which the village was famous for in the days of the Roman Empire.


Have A Problem Related To Your Spine?
Dr. Pramod is the best spine surgeon in Noida, provides surgical treatment of pain related to the neck & back.
It is a center, specializes in diagnosing the source of neck & back pain & attain relief through minimally-invasive surgery.
Spinal fusion is surgery to join two or more vertebrae into one single structure. The goal is to stop movement between the two bones and prevent back pain. Once they're fused, they no longer move like they used to. This keeps you from stretching nearby nerves, ligaments, and muscles that may have caused discomfort.
Spinal fractures are different than a broken arm or leg. A fracture or dislocation of a vertebra can cause bone fragments to pinch & damage the spinal nerves or spinal cord. Most spinal fractures occur from car accidents, falls, or sports. Injuries can range from relatively mild ligament & muscle strains to fractures.
Sciatica is pain that starts in your lower back and shoots down through your legs and sometimes into your feet. It happens when something in your body may be a herniated disk or bone spur compresses your sciatic nerve. Some people experience sharp, intense pain, and others get tingling, weakness, and numbness in their legs.
Cervical spine biopsies can be performed with CT fluoroscopy. This is indicated for lesions of the cervical spine that are thought to be metastatic and if so, would change the management of the patient. With attention to details, the carotid artery, the esophagus and other vital structures in the neck can be avoided.
Dr. Pramod Saini pursued his entire degrees from the esteemed and reputed institutes and colleges. Elaboratively, his under graduation was completed from Grant Medical College, Mumbai. He is a Fellow Trained Board certified Spine surgeon associated with Jaypee Hospital, Noida. Later on, Dr. Saini joined as a Senior Resident in the Orthopaedics at AIIMS, New Delhi.
Dr Pramod Saini and his staff are very professional. I trust all of them with my life. I would recommend them to everyone that I could. Awesome surgeon and staff!!!!
Thank you so much Dr. Pramod Saini! I much appreciate everything you've done. Thank you for being my doctor, I will always be grateful for your wonderful expertise and help.


I don't figure we will use Juju in the slot much... but I do agree we are set at that position with those 2 and potentially Washington.
Hated to see him not pan out. Had high hopes for Burnett when we signed him. He was tough in GB.
I agree with that. This is a good year to have extra mid round picks.
Id be okay with a top notch stud DL in round one.