text:
rn: Hans Sinn: A Personal View
October 29, 2001 by Jan Slakov
Date: Mon, 22 Oct 2001 11:19:48 -0400
From: Hans Sinn <•••@••.•••>
Subject: Personal View
Below are some 5570 words by means of which I have put on paper what I
would say to my fellow Canadians, who are not associated with any peace
movement,  if they were to ask me where I believe we are right now and
where we should go - or not go.
My ideas are to discussion and I hope they will improve and become more
focused as our collective understanding improves. Only this morning Chaiwat
Satad-Anand from Thailand sent me an email which he spoke of "the tyranny
of violence and its logic". Very true. An apt description of what the peace
and justice movement is about might be  people who are trying to liberate
themselves from "the tyranny of violence and its logic." The liberation
begins, as you noted in your email  with our intellectual defence against
the logic of violence.
Hans.
Note from Jan: Hans feels it is important that this article not be edited
down but otherwise, please feel free to share it.
TOWARD A STRATEGY FOR DEALING WITH FUNDAMENTALIST TERRORISM
TRYING TO PUT THE GENIE BACK INTO THE BOTTLE
For now, my suggestions for dealing with violent, religious fundamentalists
are   more of a prescription for what not do to than what to do. Our
responses to a surprise attack in a new and unfamiliar situation will tend
to be reflexive, conditioned by past experience. Our first impulses will
therefore be unsuitable to deal effectively with the new and unfamiliar
situation. With any luck we will have sufficient time to correct our
initial mistakes, try a number of new roads, select one and then cautiously
proceed.
We may safely assume that any aggressor, who has given the purpose of his
aggression and loss of life some thought, has anticipated most of our
reactions to his surprise attack. He will expect us to become rattled and
confused and to make things worse for ourselves rather than better. If all
goes well for our attacker, he will keep prodding us, use our rage, play on
our fears and watch us becoming, step-by-step, victims of our own anxiety.
I believe that religiously motivated terrorists are mad, that they are
convinced and blinded by their conviction, but they are not stupid. On the
contrary, I expect these terrorists to be of above average intelligence. I
also assume, that however mad a religious terrorist might be, we still have
a common humanity and what drives him also drives me, or us, although in a
different measure, combination and form.
The chances that we will react inappropriately to an attack are especially
great when we have been blindsided, because we have paid no attention. The
vulnerable civilians' first reactions to a sudden, violent, profoundly
disturbing attack is to look to their elected leaders for guidance and
safety. It was rather touching to hear the White House spokesperson in the
hours following the September 11 attack repeatedly assure the American
people "Your leader is safe. Mr. Bush is safe". I suppose it was good to
know that President Bush and other ranking US government officials were
safe and not among the thousands of unarmed civilians who horribly died in
the attack. However, a political leader's survival seems no good reason to
believe that he is a better public protector after the attack than he was
before the attack. Nor do we have reason to believe that the same people
who were caught napping on September 11 are awake today, even as they are
moving about, issuing orders, making public pronouncements, developing new
laws and sending their armies marching.
I am surprised and a bit disappointed by the reactions of my New Canadian
fellow citizens. Having grown up in Hitler's Germany, I have found
Canadians in comparison to be eminently sane and levelheaded. So, when
Canadian fighter planes circle the skies over Toronto, ready to shoot down
any civilian air-plane, high-jacked by fundamentalist terrorists, I like to
believe that this is a momentary aberration. Soon Canadians will come to
their senses and maybe even laugh about their first hysterical reactions to
this new danger.
What are fundamentalists and fundamentalisms? Karen Armstrong, in her
recent work "The Battle for God"( Alfred Knopf, New York, 2000.) defines it
as follows "Fundamentalisms are embattled forms of spirituality, which have
emerged as a response to a perceived crisis. They are engaged in a conflict
with enemies whose secularist policies and beliefs seem inimical to
religion itself. Fundamentalists do not regard this battle as a
conventional political struggle, but experience it as a cosmic war between
the forces of good and evil."
Violent, religious fundamentalists do not pursue specific, political
objectives; they are not limited in their targets or in the extent of their
violence and destruction. The more destructive their actions the better.
Unlike the secular, political terrorist the religiously motivated terrorist
will not stop at a certain juncture or give up after he has been physically
laid low. The violent, religious fundamentalists cannot be physically
defeated because he is possessed by an idea and his objectives are not of
The actions of the religious fundamentalists are not politically
legitimised; they have no bases in human law or conventional morality. It
is useless to rail at the religious terrorist with references to human law,
morality or reason. The fundamentalist is not under the control of a
political authority; he believes to be informed and commanded by God, by
the word of God and/or by God's representatives on earth. This means, in
practice, and in the Israeli Palestinian context, that it is useless to
talk beyond a certain point with Yassir Arafat and Ariel Sharon. Arafat and
Sharon are secular authorities and do not control the religiously motivated
terrorist. In the final analysis, Arafat and Sharon may in fact seek the
advice and guidance of a religious authority, rather than the other way
around.
It is encouraging that both Mr. Bush and Mr. Blair are pressing Ariel
Sharon to move ahead and permit the creation of a Palestinian state.
However, it remains to be seen how Mr. Bush and Mr. Blair will negotiate
and settle the non-negotiable issues, such as Jerusalem and the Temple
Mount. The inherent problems and the way they relate to the Christian,
Jewish and Moslem belief systems and secular political practice is
excellently portrayed by Gershom Gorenberg "The End of Days -
Fundamentalism and the Struggle for the Temple Mount" (The Free Press, N.Y.
Our most promising point of departure for understanding the violent
religious fundamentalist is to appreciate and accept the obvious: life is
dangerous and ends in death. From a comfortable, secular, first world
perspective we take it for granted that every human being will do his or
her best to delay the moment of death as long as possible. In fact, we are
willing to go to some extra ordinary, not to say unreasonable, lengths to
postpone death.  We have a humanist life-affirming premise, which makes it
hard for us to accept that there are a significant number of people who are
of a completely different mind.
There are a growing number of people who, instead of wishing to delay the
end as long as possible, are actively trying to bring it about. Their
reasons may make little sense to a society rooted in secular humanism.
However, for people of strong religious belief, the reasoning of religious
terrorists is understandable, even though they are not acceptable.
Theologians know that religious fundamentalist terrorists are trying to
"hasten the end", that is they wish to usher in what Christians know as the
Promised Land or the Kingdom of God. Violent fundamentalists have become
impatient with waiting for The World to Come instead they are trying to
force the issue by way of murder, suicide and sacrifice.
It is no secret in the religious community that the desire "to hasten the
end" - if need be by violence - is common to all religious fundamentalists,
Moslem, Jewish, Christian as well as religious sects in Japan. I am not
sure why our theologians today have not spoken up on the issue.
It is well known that fundamentalists of all faiths have been vying for
centuries with each other to bring about the end of "this world". They have
battled each other ferociously in bloody crusades about who will be there,
in the end, with God, in eternity. Maybe the subject is too scary or
embarrassing for the established Church. George Bush, on the other hand,
stepped right into it, when he called for a "crusade" against terrorists.
Suffice it to say, from the fundamentalist perspective we are, once again,
in an end run situation. There have been repeated convulsive attempts,
throughout human history, to force the issue of the promised, but seemingly
never arriving, World to Come. But then, we never had the means to complete
the job of bringing "this world" to an end. Today we have. The more violent
and widespread the struggle the more it serves the objective of the armed
religious fundamentalist "to hasten the end". The more hysterical, fearful,
boisterous and pretentious our response to the, as yet relatively little
violence levelled at us, the more we are pandering to the apocalyptic
expectations of our armed, religious opponents.
The problem of containing and minimizing the violent struggle is that
murder, suicide and sacrifice, which are basic to religious terrorism, are
also present in conventional warfare. We don't notice these elements in the
armed men whom we send out to hunt down the terrorists because we have
legalized our soldier's conduct. In practice, though, the lines between
between religiously and politically legitimised terror and counter terror
tend to blur and eventually disappear. In the heat of battle, everything
goes, there are no limits.
The object of terror is to have us submit, to become puppets in some one
else's scenario, to suppress language, to reduce thought and to put an end
to self-willed and self -directed action. From the terrorist's point of
view, ideally, the objects of his actions will become so demoralized and
frightened that to escape their fear they will closet themselves and/or
commit suicide.
Our act of surrender to the wishes of the terrorist may begin when we put
on a credible charade of self-willed and self-directed action, both for
ourselves and for our audience. We may try to hide our fear from the
outside by fleeing into an exaggerate nationalism on the inside, by singing
and frantic flag waving. We may start to seek reassurance and leadership
from people whom yesterday we would not have trusted to lead us safely
across the road.
We know we are starting to act with diminished responsibility when our
expectations of accountability from "the authorities" begin to fade, when
we merely wish to be led, to be taken by the hand and be told we are safe
or will be safe. We become followers and runners with the crowd, actors in
a scenario we do not understand. We are setting ourselves up to become
involved in actions, which we would not approve of under normal
circumstances and sober mind.
Terror is primarily a mental game, a question of social engineering that
aims at complete dominance and control of its objects. The trick in the
mass extermination of the European Jews was to have all the work done by
the Jews themselves. Observes Jean Francois Steiner about the process,
which led the Jews into the extermination camps. "Its principle had been
the moral disarmament of the victim by skilful doses of panic and
uncertainty. This disarmament forced the victim to make a certain number of
minor concessions which led to others, which in turn brought him to a third
stage.." (p.44 Treblika, Simon and Schuster, 1967)
Kurt Franz, the commander of Treblinka defined the goal: "We must reach the
point where we no longer have to do anything, not even press a button when
we get up in the morning. We create a perfect system, then we watch it
work."  Treblinka p.73
"Nazism" writes Anna Pawelczynska in "Values and Violence in Auschwitz
"made use of an extensive social technology for the manipulation of human
beings, correctly assuming (for the most part) that a specific set of
conditions and stimuli ought to bring about the projected social responses…
Social engineering enabled the machinery of death to be set in motion on a
mass scale." (p124)
The terrorists today can depend on the civilian population to demand of
their governments to - DO SOMETHING - anything, even though there maybe
little to be done, at least not physically other than look after the
casualties and affected families. The authorities, by and large, are only
too willing to oblige. Officials, whose authority has come into question in
the 60s, can spring into action and are given a chance to show their mettle
by taking command in the "War Against Terrorism."
In Canada we now have strict border controls on both sides of the
US/Canadian divide. Armed men and women in bullet prove vests are
painstakingly searching, restricting and slowing down civilian and
commercial traffic. Corkscrews and nail clippers are confiscated at our
airports. Luggage and people are checked, coming and going on both domestic
and international flights. To utter the word bomb in an airport, albeit in
jest is a criminal offence.
Would any half-brain terrorist, after September 11, use the main entrances
and exits of any western country, instead of availing himself of the
international criminal network, which has no trouble moving tons of drugs
and smuggle people across our borders?
The Moslem fundamentalist-terrorist, after having created an appropriate
climate of fear and anxiety within North America, may not even have to
re-enter North America to continue the job of destabilizing both Canada and
the US. There are a sufficient number of mentally unstable groups and
individuals within North America to continue stirring up popular fear and
uncertainty. Violent, religious, fundamentalism and far right extremism are
not peculiar to the Muslim world. We had the American Christian Patriot
movement of the Oklahoma bombing.  Japan had the Aum Shinrikyo sect, who
perpetrated the March 1995 nerve gas attack on a Tokyo subway in the hopes
of hastening a new millennium. There is no shortage of mentally unbalanced
people in any population, who would take a perverse pleasure seeing this
world fall apart.
Today, as Americans stock pile gas masks and revolvers, no one can fail to
observe how easy it would be to sow further panic and uncertainty among an
easily frightened, unthinking people. There is nothing to say that the
anthrax scare is not American home made, or that future similar incidents
are not American made copies. A person does not have to be trained in
social psychology to see how easy it is to keep the ball rolling among the
North American population while US and NATO pound the Afghan country side
into ever smaller pieces.
I suppose it is possible that the crisis will blow over because it has been
successfully managed. The War on Terrorism will succeed, the terrorist
networks will be destroyed and we will return to the state of the
pre-September 11 relative safety under the US NATO umbrella. But that
presumes that armed religious fundamentalism will disappear, or religious
fundamentalism as such will disappear.
Ironically, the people most likely to see events in terms similar to those
of today's religious terrorists seem to be the Americans. The Americans,
who are trying to pound the terrorist into the dust, seem also to be the
people who are closest in their own fears and expectations to that of the
violent, religious fundamentalists. According to Paul Boyer in "When Time
Shall Be No More - Prophecy Belief in Modern American Culture" (Harvard
University Press, 1992) 50 % of University educated Americans believe in
the second coming of Christ, that percentage rises to 60%, among the
general US population. Millions of Americans are convinced that there will
be a final, world destroying battle after which Christ will come and lift
them out of the rubble into heaven. This includes Harry Truman who, when he
was informed in June of 1945 of the first successful A-Bomb test in New
Mexico, wondered in the privacy of his diary: "It may be the fire of
destruction prophesied in the Euphrates Valley Era, after Noah and his
fabulous Ark" (When Time Shall Be No More p.116). His apocalyptic musings
did not stop him from authorizing the dropping of the first atomic bombs on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki two months later.
During the past decade the works of "The Father of the Modern Day Bible
Prophecy Movement" Hal Lindsay have sold 35 million copies. Titles such as
"The Late Great Planet Earth" and "The Final Battle" enjoy a vast American
readership. This final battle though is supposed to take place in the
Middle East; and should the worst happen American believers are assured a
place with Christ in heaven. Typical for this simplistic, American belief
are the citizens of Amarillo Texas, the final assembly and distribution
point of US atomic weapons, see  A.G. Mojtabai " Blessed Assurance - At
Home With The Bomb In Amarillo Texas".
How can one respond to such mind-boggling simplicity? According to a McLean
magazine survey the priority of 80% of Canadians is to make life better or
at least as good for their children as for themselves. The survey results
suggest to me that Canadians would not in fear for their own lives do
anything, which might make life worse for their children. We will think
very carefully before we commit ourselves to a course of action such as war
in the nuclear age.
So what are we afraid of?  At this stage in the War on Terrorism the
chances are infinitely greater that we will get run over by a car or die of
cancer than become individual victims of a terrorist attack. Why the great
excitement? What is so new and unusual?  Regardless of what we do, there
will always be loss of life in the ordinary course of our daily lives.
There is no absolute security, no matter how careful we are. Tragedy
strikes us in many forms.
To sell us more "security" is a cheap exploitation of fears, and so is to
sell and tell people exaggerated and fearful stories. True, so far only
about 6% of Canadians elect their federal MPs on the basis of their foreign
policy. Canadians' interests are overwhelmingly local and provincial. This
is not a particularly good base from which to appreciate and respond
intelligently to the vital concerns of people in other parts of the world.
>From this provincial perspective there is a strong inclination to help the
Americans to build a wall around North America, however useless and counter
productive such a wall might be as a way to keep the world outside from
knocking on our doors or worse, blow down our house.
I am treating the question of how to cope with religiously motivated
terrorism from a Canadian perspective, knowing full well that it is a
global problem that cuts across all borders, classes, races, genders and
ethnicity. However, to the extent that I am living in a Canada by Canadian
law and am part of Canadian culture, I recommend that we do not follow the
Americans much further down the road in their War on Terrorism,
irrespective of how close and friendly we are with the Americans.
I don't know who the Canadians are who respond hysterically to a minor
physical threat and how they have come to be in such a precarious mental
state.
I am getting the feeling of being in a large crowd in which a significant
number of people are ready to run for the exit. A number of Canadians are
already running, judging by their behaviour. Unfortunately, there are no
exits. Consequently, the people who are running around within Canada are
getting other Canadians excited, some of whom are already on edge. (I have
always wondered, and am still wondering, why the highest form of praise
Canadians can bestow on a person, an object or event is to say that it is
exciting). Today the people who are running for the exits are beginning to
affect even those who do not easily lose their cool. It is hard to believe
that people will panic and let themselves go without sufficient reason. We
expect there to be a reason, but we do not see one, at least no reason to
provoke such an exaggerated response.
If we have been caught off guard we tend to get embarrassed and flustered.
We will try to hide our confusion and try to preserve our public image,
especially if it is fragile. If it is critical that we maintain a good
public image and if there was no real reason to panic then we are tempted
to find one or manufacture one. We begin to lie to ourselves as a form of
self- defence and gradually get into a situation where we start responding
to our own shadows and have people who believe in us do likewise. We are
now beginning to manufacture a social scenario of growing complexity. In
our scenario the people and events are real, but our point of departure,
our premise, is pure fantasy.
Osama bin Laden appears to be such an idea, a shadow, which has come to
life. We know that Osama bin Laden is a product of the American foreign
policy, which is now coming to haunt them (and us?). Osama bin Laden and
his network are real enough. The problem is how to make bin Laden go away.
It appears bin Laden is not going to go away. The Americans and, we, their
NATO allies, are making sure that what started as an idea of how to defeat
the Communists in Afghanistan has assumed a life of its own. By this time
and by virtue of our massive military response to the  September 11 violent
and bloody provocation, the accused, Osama bin Laden, has assumed stature
and his stature is growing, and is gradually taking on mythical proportions
- at least in the eyes of a growing number of people in the Moslem world.
Osama bin Laden has become a household word. We now could kill Osama bin
Laden and his shadow and stature would remain with us.
I do not expect Canada to pull out of the military engagement in
Afghanistan. Our government has committed itself to the US led War on
Terrorism with the approval of more than 70% of Canadians. I accept the
Canadian military commitment as part of the conditioned reflex to a
physical threat, or more precisely to an idea, which has taken the form of
a physical threat. I also accept this War on Terrorism as an occasion for
the inevitable complaint about how ill prepared Canadians are for serious,
armed combat; it seems part of our worry that Canadians cannot sit at the
table and play with the Big Boys unless we can make a strong military
contribution.
I rather not discuss the Canadian army. Instead, I am suggesting, that we
shift our focus to the political front and try to give the battle over the
rubble of Afghanistan a specific Canadian twist. I suggest that we pay
close and special attention to the women of Afghanistan. I think we will
serve Canada's and the War on Terrorism's purposes best trying to make sure
that the Afghani women have a significant role in any post-Taliban
I understand the current war largely as a man made problem -  man as in
male. Armed force and violence is a typical, well-established and well
developed way by which we men are taught to handle problems, to display our
manhood and influence. I understand religious, fundamentalist terrorists as
men who are overwhelmed and crushed by their own powerlessness. For the
violent man this powerlessness, which in many respects is common to us all
in life, has been exaggerated by circumstances and disappointments. These
men are in desperate need of an arena where they can be certain and in
control. Given the opportunity in a religious society such men will revert
to a strict ritualistic code of behaviour. Their behaviour is preferably
governed by the word of God (military command will do) and then imposed
ruthlessly and violently on the people closest at hand: the women of their
own community and of their own family and then it spreads from there.
These men's fear of the "weaker" sex, their distain of women and their need
to control women, is unmistakable and explicit. This means, the spiritual
end of the fundamentalist struggle is loaded with repressed sexuality. We
now have murder, suicide, sacrifice, death and sex, rolled into one, each a
force in its own right.
As to the foreseeable future of Afghanistan, irrespective of the aberrant
behaviour of the Talibans, their violence and their treatment of women, in
the end they are men fighting other men for the spoils of war - except for
those who are serious about hastening the end of this world. If there is a
future Afghan peace settlement and it follows the established pattern, then
it will be men rewarding each other for their pains on the battlefield. It
is understood and accepted that "warriors" need to be rewarded and appeased
for their efforts, less they start to kill again. Men, government officials
and clan leaders, will parcel out among themselves territory, women,
children, animals and other resources. Maybe women will enter in an
advisory role or as secretaries somewhere, but Afghani women will most
likely be parcelled out to the "warriors" together with the other spoils of
war.
Yet depressingly the parcelling out the spoils of war among men seems one
of the best-case scenarios, for it presumes that the War on Terrorism, now
in progress, will not get out of hand, there will be a peace settlement and
there will be something left to be divided.
Whatever peace settlement there is going to be seems still a way off. We
are still in the first stages of the War on Terrorism. The defeat of the
Talibans may only be the first phase. We have yet to arrive at shared
understanding of whom we are fighting, what we are fighting about and what
would be an acceptable conclusion. In the meantime, as Gwynne Dyer remarked
"It is like trying to nail jelly to the wall"
Compounding the difficulties of a peace settlement is that we are dealing
with at least two types of men: the Holy Warriors who are on a suicide
mission to Kingdom Come; and men who are using violence and terror to
achieve (or defend) specific political ends which they expect will serve
them in "this world".  Both types of men tend to form alliances and carry
on their fight alongside each other. Only somewhere along the road, if the
battle lasts long enough, may it become apparent that their objectives are
at odds and incompatible.
To the political terrorist "war is the continuation of politics by other
means" as defined by Carl von Clausewitz back in 1832. To the Holy Warrior
war and terror are a means to realize the Kingdom of God - or something
like it.
In my own experience, and as I see it, when the Americans allied themselves
with Osama bin Laden and his fellow Holy Warriors, they made the same
mistake, which the German establishment made after WWI, when it allied
itself with Adolf Hitler.  After WW I the German bankers, industrialists,
aristocrats, generals, university and church leaders backed Hitler, the Mad
Messiah from Austria, because they saw him as an instrument to defeat the
Communists and Socialists who threatened to gain political power in
Germany. The alliance between Hitler and the German Establishment worked -
at first. Hitler and the Nazis did indeed drive the German Communists and
Socialist from the political scene. But once Hitler had consolidated his
power base the German establishment got more than it had bargained for.
After sending the leadership of the German Communists and Social Democrats
into concentration camps, Hitler and his fellow believers, went on to
exterminate the European Jews and began to build on their corpses, and that
of millions other Europeans, their mythical 1000 Year Empire - the German
equivalent of the Kingdom of God.
In spite of the evidence, which has accumulated throughout human history,
we still have not factored into our political dealings with each other our
capacity for mental derangement, both individually and collectively. If we
had factored pathology into our politics then we would not for political
purposes use people who believe that making war, killing people, terrifying
people and destabilizing countries is holy. Unfortunately, we continue to
do so. We have let, as it were, the Genie out of the bottle and the Genie,
after having done our bidding, is refusing to go back in. He wants his
reward, which we are unwilling to give him.
I don't pretend to know the answer. I am sure, though, that before we
continue much further along our present road, we have to come to a social
consensus about what and with whom we are dealing. Less we are going to be
at odds with each other. I do not believe in trying to overcome one
addiction with another (as the Americans have been doing for some time in
Colombia) Combating drugs with armed force is a losing proposition unless
you are into fighting as an activity in itself and get your rewards from
fighting.
John Keegan's central argument in his 1993 work "A History of Warfare" is
that Clausewitz got it wrong. To accept that war in the continuation of
politics by other means is taking a too limited view of war making. John
Kegan shows convincingly that there are a significant number of men, indeed
whole societies, to whom war is a way of life, a culture without any other
purpose, political or otherwise.
I have too much of a vested interest in the advancement of non-violence to
push the issue of non-violence. However, irrespective of the moral aspect I
find the prevailing belief in armed force as the supreme problem solving
mechanism pathetic. It seems indicative of a lack of imagination and
Osama bin Laden may depart this world, one way or another, maybe even his
network will come apart, but there will be others. As long as the US and
NATO help to frustrate the hopes and expectations of  parts of humanity for
a better life in this or in another world, they are liable to engender
large scale frustration, a suicidal rage and a more fanatic belief in the
biblical promises of another better world. Once the bottled up rage has
surfaced, as it has now, it will be hard to put it back in to the bottle
and forget that it exists, right next to our arsenals of ABC weapons.
There are Americans in responsible positions who know and understand what
they are dealing with and who appreciate the difference between the
politically and religiously motivated terrorist (I don't know if they have
considered violence as a way of life as an issue). Said California Congress
woman Jane Harmen during the recent CBC TV program "Trail of a Terrorist"
about the religiously motivated terrorist "They don't anymore want to sit
at the table (like the anti-globalisation activists) they want to blow up
the table". Jane Harmen thus confirmed what students of various forms of
terrorism such as Bruce Hoffman "Old Madness New Methods" have been saying
for many years.
The fact that the religious terrorists "want to blow up the table" might
send a note of caution to the anti-globalisation movement. The members of
today's civil society movement are well qualified to understand the issues,
which tend to driven the religious terrorists over the edge. But the
movement should know the difference between their own social/political
objectives and the otherworldly objectives of the religiously motivated
suicide bombers. Failing to see the difference would have the modern labour
and human rights movement repeat the mistake the workers and farmers made
during the Middle Ages.
At that time the peasant and crafts people were vigorously campaigning for
better living and working conditions. But in the process the members of the
secular social justice movement made the mistake of unwittingly aligning
themselves with the millenarians, who were also on the move, but in
expectation of the imminent arrival of the Kingdom of God. The peasants and
artisans wanted to improve their living and working conditions in this
world, while the millenarians were on their way out of this world, into to
heaven. The results of this alliance, wherever it occurred, were
disastrous. (see Norman Cohn "The Pursuit of the Millennium - Revolutionary
Millenarians and Mystical Anarchists of the Middles Ages", Oxford
University Press, New York, 1970, first edition 1957)
So what can Canadians safely do at this stage? Safely meaning, undertake or
support actions and policies, which although they may not be of immediate
and great effect, are at least not counter-productive. I dare hope that the
suggested activities and policies may prove useful in future, assuming that
other people and countries join Canadians in their efforts:
·       Do everything possible to assure that Afghan women have a significant
role in any future Afghan government.
·       Proceed with the completion of the International Criminal Court, in the
development of which Canada is playing already a leading role.
·       Treat the September 11 suicide attack as a crime against humanity, which
is to be tried in an International Criminal Court - not by a Moslem or
American court,
·       Start transforming the so-called War on Terrorism into an international
law-enforcement action; that is, a police action.
·       Persuade the clergy of all faiths to declare religiously based terrorism
a sacrilege, and if necessary, excommunicate the terrorists.
·       If necessary have the religious terrorists tried in a religious court.
During the Middle Ages a person who was found guilty of heresy by a
religious court was handed over to the secular authorities to be burnt at
the stake. I am not advocating the burning of religiously motivated
terrorist at the stake (although some people may feel like it). However, I
see the medieval relationship between religious and secular authorities as
a potential model for cooperation between today's secular and religious
spokespeople.
Hans Sinn
October 18. 2001
-----------------------30-----------------------
Civilian Peace Service
http://www.superaje.com/~marsin/cps.html
rn:Walk for healing & Peace (Nov. 25 – Dec. 4)
rn:Where are we going? & war nixed in 32 of 35 countries


Color booties are so versatile that they work well for both women of stature and high. With buckles, laces or zippers, boots come in incredible ways to highlight all your outfit, here are 3 simple ways to use with your color booties so.
Your dress can be any style: with printed of reptile, with floral prints or simply of a single tone accompanied a belted at the hip; take it with some heel booties and you're quite ready for any party in the evening, a romantic dinner or a casual day.
You create a relaxed style with a white turtleneck (turtleneck definition: DIGOPAUL), rolled-up denim jeans and leave your boots to speak for themselves.
This look is perfect for winter days that simply do not want to make any effort. You can replace the turtle neck with a simple plaid shirt and dress up your feet with booties color so to achieve a stunning and relaxing look.
Give style to your wardrobe office with black under a coat blue, black leather jeans or any warm color, ends with a few attractive color booties so. If you're not going to get dressed for work and want to play with more style casual and elegant at the same time, it combines your leather trousers with a denim jacket and a few color so with side zipper or buckle boots.
Settle on a few boots color so for this winter and add style to your wardrobe.
Air Jordan 2012 Deluxe "Jordan Brand Classic"


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Q: What is the difference between @include breakpoint and @include at-breakpoint? I have a question because I am working on a project where my team is using @include breakpoint and @include at-breakpoint. We are using sass, compass, and susy. What is the difference between the two?

A: at-breakpoint is part of Susy, and is used for changing your total column-count at different breakpoints. Inspired by that initial syntax, Mason Wendell created a more powerful and generic Breakpoint Plugin for managing all your media-queries. Now, many people (including me) use both in the same project. They work great together, but the differences can be confusing.

*

*Use at-breakpoint when you want to change your susy $total-columns setting based on a min/max width media-query.

*Use breakpoint for more complex media-queries, or anywhere you don't want to change the number of columns.

If you want to use only one of them, and be more consistent, you can recreate the functionality of at-breakpoint using the longhand:
@include breakpoint($media-query) { // set your media-query
  @include layout($columns) { // set your columns
    // nested code will use the new column count at the given media-query
  }
}

at-breakpoint is simply a shortcut for that.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Jason Momoa Gets Rid Of His Beard To Save The Planet
Jason Momoa caused his fans to become distraught on Thursday when the actor shaved his beard for the first time in seven years. Known for his rugged looks, the 'Aquaman' star uploaded a YouTube video explaining just why he decided to say goodbye to one of his most popular features.
"I just want to do this to bring awareness that plastics are killing our planet," he told the camera and many women surely heartbroken by the look. "There's only one thing that can really help our planet and save our planet as long as we are recycling, and that's aluminum."
To help the initiative to save the planet, the actor plans on releasing his own brand of water that will be packaged in an aluminum can. Sadly, Momoa's message has fallen on deaf ears since his female fanbase is too busy mourning the loss of his facial hair.
"Jason Momoa shaved his beard off and I don't know what to do with myself," one user tweeted. Seeing as how the actor hadn't used a razor since 2012 he did manage to have some fun by saying goodbye to a few of his well-known characters. "Goodbye, Drogo! Goodbye, Arthur Curry," he yelled referencing his roles in 'Game of Thrones' and 'Aquaman.'
See Jason Momoa's clean-shaven face in the video above.
Aquamanbeautycelebrity newsentertainmentGame of ThronesJason Momoa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Located on a quiet cul de sac, this end unit is updated with all the bells & whistles! Granite,stainless steel appliances, and beautiful hardwood floors! Brand new furnace 2019! Main sewer line replaced 2016! All you have to do here is move in! Kitchen and living room televisions convey!This is not a flip folks! This property was lived in and lovingly maintained! Buy with the confidence of knowing that all of the expensive things are already taken of! Added bonus...there's a laundry chute!! How cool is that?!?


Testimonials "The baby Pomeranian I got from Cindy Ferraro at No Limits Poms is very small, very sweet and just what I'd imagined . Having talked with Cindy, I am consistently impressed by her dedication and knowledge to the Pomeranian breed. My little boy teddy bear is now my best friend. Cindy even socialized him to riding in the car & since I travel alot> this is perfect! My husband is a trucker & he wants a Pomeranian as a "travelling companion" too! So, we will definetely contact Cindy at No Limits Poms for our new Pomeranian addition. Thank you, again!" Jeanne K.
"My daughter always wanted a Pomeranian. We checked out several breeders, even the pound & rescues but in the end we decided on one of No Limits Poms. We wanted to get a Pom pet that we knew would have not only great temperment & small size & great "looks'. We settled on a small black male ( even though we were looking for a lighter female). Our new puppy is full of personality & his shy, sweet personality won us over. He seemed to pick us & we gladly took him home. He was previously crate & paper trained; so we had no problems there. Thanks to Cindy & her love of Poms, we now are truly "addicted" to this breed. My friend got a Pomeranian from her 3 years ago & recommended Cindy at No Limits Poms. We sure are glad she did! !"
"I got my precious puppies, Lola and Layla, from Cindy at No Limits Poms. I could tell right away that they were both well socialized. They are the sweetest most loving dogs, and smart too! They both were pretty easy to potty train, and they just love to be held and petted. I recommend Cindy's Pomeranians to anyone looking for a pom to love for life. You won't be disappointed." A.W.


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Flags to fly half-staff to honor the life of former state senator
By WDTV News Staff |
Posted: Fri 7:09 AM, Jul 12, 2019
CHARLESTON, W.Va. (AP)-- West Virginia Gov. Jim Justice is ordering state flags to half-staff to commemorate the life of a former state senator.
The governor has issued a proclamation to lower state flags on Saturday for Jesse Guills, Jr.
Justice says Guills died late last month at 73-years-old.
The governor's proclamation says Guills served in the U.S. Army as a 2nd Lieutenant from 1971 to 1972 and later became a state senator from 2002 to 2010.
(Copyright 2019 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
United Way holds school supply donation event
Arthurdale Heritage seeks thousands in funds for Center Hall repairs
West Virginia Department of Natural Resources holds lottery to help curb deer overpopulation
New leadership at the Clarksburg Mission to organize task force for change


iPhone 7 tema Android de alta calidad para la aplicación C-launcher.
Free Go launcher theme as iPhone for all Android mobile phones and Tablet PC.
Free Go launcher theme for all Android mobile phones and Tablet PC. The theme design is as Samsung Galaxy.
Popular Nokia theme for free download.
Page contains free download Nokia theme.
Red drops, Nokia logo, dark background - theme for simple Nokia phones.
Download free Nokia theme in iPhone 6 design.


text:
NETHMAL PERERA (EIT) BSc Mechanical Engineering
Ethics >
Engineering Ethics >
Principles of Ethics in Engineering
Fundamental Cannons
Professional Obligations
Classical Ethics >
Consequentialism
Deontological Ethics
Virtue Theory
Senior Design >
Goals & Deliverables
Modern Wind Turbine Technology
Brainstorming >
Preliminary Design Concept
Modeling Phase
MANUFACTURING & PRODUCTION PLANNING
HVAC >
Fundamentals and Terminology >
Basics of HVAC-R Systems >
Forced Air Systems >
Duct Leakage Testing
Refrigeration >
Vapor-Compression System
Pressure-Temperation Relation, Superheat and Sub-cooling
Refrigerant Cycle
Refrigerant Cycle Diagram - Mollier Charts
Designs >
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MECHANICAL ENGINEERING >
Mechanical Engineering Curriculum
BASICS AND APPLICATIONS
INDUSTRIES EMPLOYING MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
Refrigeration Cycles
The Refrigeration Cycle - Vapor Compression System
Refrigerants are heat-carrying media, which during their cycle in the refrigeration system, absorb heat at a low temperature level and discard the heat so absorbed at a higher temperature level.
The refrigerants in common use till recently have been R-11, R-12, R-22, R-123, R-134a, R-717, etc. Refrigerants are produced by a number of manufacturers using different trade names with suffix numerals for identifying different refrigerants. A universal 'letter-number' system was adopted in the fifties. Thus, the letter 'R' abbreviates for the common name of the refrigerant followed by the universally adopted suffix numeral which identifies refrigerants of the same chemical composition. Thus "dichloro difluoro methane", whether produced by trademarks X,Y, or Z, is R-12 or "monochloro difluoro methane" is likewise R-22. Chlorofluoro carbons (CFCs), R-11, R-12 are being phased out, because of their high ozone depletion potential.
Refrigerator Evaporator
Car A/C Evaporator
Refrigeration can be produced by allowing a liquid refrigerant, i.e. R-134a from a cylinder to pass and boil inside a coil or evaporator. The latent heat needed for the boiling process is taken from the surrounding space of the evaporator, thereby cooling the space. The vapor so formed in the evaporator can be made to escape in the atmosphere, and so the pressure in the evaporator will become equal to the atmospheric pressure. So, R-134a will boil at its boiling point of -26.7 *C (-14.92 *F), inside the evaporator. Consider an air-conditioning job where the room temperature has to be maintained at 24 *C (75 *F). The difference in temperatures between the boiling refrigerant (-26.7 *C) and the room is very high, assume 50 *C. Only a different of about 16 *C to 19 *C (30 *F - 35 *F) is required. So it is enough if R-134a boils at 4.44 *C (40 *F) in the evaporator. For this, a hand valve can be fixed at the outlet of the evaporator and adjusted in such a way that the vapor formed in the evaporator is not allowed to escape to the atmosphere freely, but it is let out in a controlled way, thereby maintaining constant pressure inside the evaporator. The liquid R-134a will now boil at a temperature corresponding to the pressure maintained in the evaporator, e.g. if the pressure maintained is 35 psig, it will boil at a temperature of 4.44 *C (40 *F) and take the necessary latent heat from the surrounding space. This system however, has a great disadvantage of losing the refrigerant to the atmosphere so that it has to be continuously replenished by fresh refrigerant. Due to the high cost of the refrigerants and the pollution it can create in the atmosphere, it becomes necessary to reclaim the vapor coming from the evaporator and change it into liquid form for reuse.
The refrigerant must be delivered to the evaporator as a liquid, because only by the vaporization of the liquid in the evaporator, maximum heat can be absorbed, as the latent heat of vaporization. The simplest way of accomplishing this, would be to condense the vaporized refrigerant that leaves the evaporator. To condense the refrigerant vapor, its latent heat has to be removed by the help of some other medium. For this, atmospheric air or natural water is utilized. The air or water must be at a temperature lower than the condensing temperature of the refrigerant. At any given pressure, the condensing temperature of the vapor and the vaporizing (boiling) temperature of the liquid are the same.
Vapor-Compression Cycle & P-h Diagram
If the refrigerant vapor coming out of the evaporator at 4.44 *C (40*F), as in our example, is to be condensed at the same temperature, air or water at a lower temperature than 4.44 *C will be needed. Obviously, if air or water at this lower temperature is available, mechanical refrigeration will not be required.
As the temperature of the available air or water is always much higher than that of the refrigerant coming from the evaporator, the vapor cannot be condensed, unless its condensing temperature is raised by some means. As we have seen earlier, the condensing temperature of a vapor can be raised by increasing the pressure of the refrigerant.
In the example described above, the vapor coming out of the evaporator will be at a pressure of 35 psig. If the pressure can be raised to about 173 pisg [corresponding to a temperature of 49.44 *C (121 *F), i.e. the condensing temperature], the high-pressure vapor can be condensed into a liquid, by cooling it with the atmospheric air available, say at a temperature of about 38 *C. We use a compressor in a mechanical vapor-compression system for the purpose of raising the low-pressure refrigerant coming out of the evaporator to a high-pressure and sending it to the condenser. A fan blows air over the condenser (water in the case of water-cooled condenser), cooling the high-pressure vapor in the condenser. The vapor gives up its sensible and latent heat and condenses into liquid. The pressure of the liquid in the condenser, being high, has to be lowered or throttled to the desired evaporator pressure to vaporize at the desired temperature (the desired pressure and temperature in our example being 35 psig and 4.44 *C (40 *F). For this, a throttling device such as, a capillary tube, thermostatic-expansion valve, electronic expansion valve, float valve, etc. is used.
Thus, the refrigeration cycle comprises of the following stages:
Absorption of heat from the substance to be cooled by the evaporation of a liquid refrigerant in the evaporator at a controlled lower pressure.
Raising the pressure to raise the condensing temperature of the low-pressure vapor coming from the evaporator, by the use of the compressor.
Removal of heat from the high-pressure vapor in the condenser, so as to liquefy or condense the vapor.
By the use of the throttling device, reducing the pressure of the high-pressure liquid from the condenser to the level of pressure needed in the evaporator.
Refrigerator Condenser
Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle
These components are interconnected by pipes such as an evaporator to a compressor by the suction line, compressor to condenser by the discharge or hot has line and from condenser/receiver to a throttling device.
In addition to raising the pressure of the vapor, the compressor also creates the pressure difference between the evaporator and condenser and thus maintains a continuous flow of the refrigerant through the system.
If we take the case of a cold storage plant, meant to maintain a temperature of 4.4 *C (40 *F), we will have to maintain an evaporator temperature of about -3.9 *C (25 *F). If R-134a is used as the refrigerant, from its pressure-temperature chart, we should be able to determine that 22.1 psig of pressure will have to be maintained in the evaporator to allow R-134a liquid to boil at a temperature of -3.9 *C (25 *F). The compressor suction pressure, the pressure of the refrigerant vapor as it enters the suction side of the compressor, will be very close to the evaporator pressure. Thus, it is clear that the suction pressure of a system is dictated by the temperature to be maintained in the refrigerated space.
It is obvious that the discharge pressure of the system is determined by the temperature of the water (or air in the case of air cooled condensers) available for the condenser.


iTunes - CIS 4372 HCI and Data Viz.
iTunes is a free application for Mac and PC. It plays all your digital music and video. It syncs content to your iPod, iPhone, and Apple TV. And you can add to your collection anytime.
iTunes is one of the most favored media players because of its universality with different media types as well as its very successful iTunes store.
ITunes has revolutionized the way we buy, store, and organize our personal music collections. You can find and buy almost any song ever written, download the latest season of your favorite TV show, or listen to a podcast about just about anything. Leave it on your desktop or take it with you anywhere with an IPod. Your entire library can transfer to one with just a drag and drop.
Rule 1 received a 5 for the total appearance and the fact that you can control 90% of the program just by flipping between the sections in the left column. Rule 2 got a 5 because you can be interested in different things, like music, videos, or podcasts, and use the same program for all of them. Rule 3 received a 4 for having useful "are you sure?" dialog boxes. Rule 4 got a 4 for standard procedures when adding songs to the library. Rule 5 received a 4 due to the same dialog boxes mentioned in Rule 3, but Rule 6 received a 3 because you can't undo deleting a song or playlist. Rule 7 got a 4 for letting rule your own musical kingdom. Rule 8 received a 5 for being just sheer simple to use all of its features.


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The Profiles of Some Famous Guitarist
by: Patrick Carpen
Most of us are quite enchanted by the magic of guitar. The mesmerizing tune and sweet tingling of the guitar strings have enamored many a man who has later moved on to become musical legends in their individual niche. There is a roster of famous and successful guitarists who have mastered this enigmatic art of music.
Amongst the many legendary stalwarts, Jimi Hendrix undoubtedly tops the list of profiles of famous guitarists. A genius in its truest sense, the legendary Hendrix was born in 1942. An American by birth, the maestro was a singer and lyricist, and is considered around the globe as one of the most influential and enigmatic personas in the ambit of rock music. One of the milestones in his career was his 1967 performance at the Monterey Pop Festival which raised him to instant fame in the United States and was followed by many accolades.
Besides earning a huge name and fame for himself through his forte as a great singer and musician, the legendary maestro also improvised the art of rock music in his own signature way, and he incorporated a number of innovations and techniques into the older forms of rock and jazz music. Quite recently, Hendrix was inducted into the USA's Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992, and into the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005.
The very meaning of rock music becomes insignificant without the mention of B. B. King, the master craftsman in the art of music. An ingenious guitarist and singer-cum-song writer in the American Blues, B.B. King was considered the Third Greatest Guitarist of All Time in the 2003 listing of Rolling Stone magazine.
The legendary musician started his journey in the world of music in 1946, and worked in the local R&B radio channel as a vocalist. However, soon after this he began recording under big names and became a prominent figure among the best musicians in the R&B music scene. Some of his greatest all time hits during this period include, "Whole Lotta Love," "Every Day I Have the Blues," "You Know I Love You," and "Please Accept My Love." Amidst his many achievements as a successful singer and composer, is included his most recent felicitation at the Three Deuces Building in Greenwood, Mississippi, for his maiden in radio broadcasting. Also, a grand memorial in the name of B. B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is all set to be inaugurated on September 13, 2008, in Indianola, Mississippi.
Robert Johnson is another of the famous names in the world of guitar and its magic. Born on May 8, 1911, as Robert Leroy Johnson, the veteran guitarist was one of the brightest stars in the entire Delta Blues group. The period between 1936 and 1937 saw him in great guns when he claimed and proved his forte as a brilliant guitarist and lyricist, as well as an awesome singer. Often regarded as the "Grandfather of Rock-and-Roll," Robert Johnson is believed to have been a great influence in the world of rock music, inspiring many legends of the same genre, including Bob Dylan, The Allman Brothers Band, Jimi Hendrix, Led Zeppelin, The Black Keys, and many others. Eric Clapton, another legend of the same kind, has called Johnson "the most important blues musician who ever lived."
Patrick Carpen is the designer, writer and owner of the website http://guitaring.infobay.ws/
Posted by ModernPics.com at 9:02 PM
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Tag: Independent Film
Special Effects & NOT insulting the audience's intelligence – IFP 154
April 29, 2019 theindiefilmplace
Special effects can be subject to budget, although small to no budgets also have access to really cool FX techniques.…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film
Creating Memorable and Relatable Characters – IFP 153
The most memorable characters are the ones that are relatable. They may be relatable to us personally, or they may…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film, indie film
Filmmaker Usher Morgan talks about his new book "LESSONS FROM THE SET" – IFP 152
Filmmaker Usher Morgan (Prego, Pickings) talks about films, filmmaking, and his new book "Lessons from The Set". This book chronicles…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film, indie film, Location sound
SCREENWRITING – Genre and more IFP 151
Let's chat about writing for what you know, real life, genre writing, and writer's block. Have you thought about crossing…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film, indie film, Location sound, motivation
"BULLITT COUNTY" filmmakers David McCracken and Josh Riedford IFP 150
Writer/Director David McCracken and Josh Riedford join me to discuss their feature film "BULLITT COUNTY". This film was released theatrically…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film, indie film, Location sound, motivation, Movie Maker
The Duplass Brothers' "This is John" – In The Screening Room IFP 149
March 25, 2019 theindiefilmplace
You know Jay and Mark Duplass from films like "The Puffy Chair" and "BagHead". Their very first film "This Is…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film, indie film, Location sound, motivation, Movie Maker, New Media
Filmmaker ZEKE ZELKER on his new film "BILLBOARD" – IFP 148
Zeke Zelker talks about his new film "BillBoard" and the medium of TransMedia. Zeke is a pioneer of transmedia, which…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film, indie film, Location sound, motivation, Movie Maker, New Media, Post Production
"ILLEGAL" – Directed by Ryan Alexander in The Screening Room IFP 145
February 25, 2019 theindiefilmplace
Director Ryan Alexander is back in The Screening Room with his new film "ILLEGAL". This film is done in one…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film, indie film, Location sound, motivation, Movie Maker, New Media, Post Production, Pre production
"WELCOME HOME" by Director Doug Smith in The Screening Room IFP 144
Sound is key. Not only in production quality, but also sound is key in telling your story. This film "WELCOME…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film, indie film, Location sound, motivation, Movie Maker, New Media, Post Production, Pre production, Product Review
Actor, Writer, Director – Kario Salem on his new film STAND DOWN with Billy Bob Thornton IFP 143
Kario Salem directs "Stand Down" with Billy Bob Thornton, along with co director Dana Tynan. Kario chats about the making…
Filed under: acting, actors, Ant Head, camera, Camera Gear, Casting, Character, Character Development, Cinematography, David Lynch, diy, DSLR, Editing, Editor, film, Film Development, Film Directors, Film Festival, Film Gear, Film Production, film school, filmmaker, filmmaking, Filmmaking Tutorials, How to be a filmmaker, Independent Film, indie film, Location sound, motivation, Movie Maker, New Media, Post Production, Pre production, Product Review, screenwriting


Each person has an individual profile of characteristics, abilities and challenges that result from learning and development. These manifest as individual differences in intelligence, creativity, cognitive style, motivation, and the capacity to process information, communicate, and relate to others. The most prevalent disabilities found among school age children are attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disability, dyslexia, and speech disorder. Less common disabilities include mental retardation, autism, hearing impairment, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and blindness.
Although theories of intelligence have been discussed by philosophers since Plato, intelligence testing is an invention of educational psychology, and is coincident with the development of that discipline. Continuing debates about the nature of intelligence revolve on whether intelligence can be characterized by a single factor (Spearman's general intelligence), multiple factors (as in Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence and Gardner's theory of multiple intelligence's), or whether it can be measured at all. In practice, standardized instruments such as the Stanford-Binet IQ test are widely used in economically developed countries to identify children in need of individualized educational treatment. Children classified as gifted are often provided with accelerated or enriched programs. Children with identified deficits may be provided with enhanced education in specific skills such as phonological awareness.


Everyone advises this, but not many practice saving, at least not from an early stage. According to a Sally Mae survey conducted in 2015, a whopping 89% of parents expect their child to graduate from college but just 48% of those are saving for that, with the average savings being a mere $10,040.
Saving work best when practiced for a long time, and even minute contributions can add up over a long timeframe, say 15 years.
This one is self explanatory. The lower the cost, the lover the debt is. Community colleges on an average charge exponentially lower tuition fees compared to private or highly sought after colleges. Moreover, the advice here is to follow in the footsteps of your fathers, i.e. attend the college nearest to you, just like the older generations did. This not only saves times but also allows you to stay at home and save money on lodgings.
Find part time jobs while attending college or planning to attend one. While you might not earn much, it might cover your living expenses. If you are able to get a paid internship, that's even better as it might just make finding a job easier in the future.
Financial choices always have implications. That money you want to spend on a new iPhone can easily pay an instalment of your tuition fee, or the money you spent dining out last Friday could have lasted you the whole week if only you spent wisely. Cutting costs is a necessity, which means living at home instead of on campus, renting textbooks instead of buying them, or avoiding dining out.
The difference between loans and scholarships is that you do not have to pay off the latter. There are several organisations offering scholarships based on your skills, and this is not limited to government organisations, there are thousands of private and volunteer scholarships to choose from. Apply for whichever you are eligible for, and grasp as many as you can. Every dime helps.
Similar to scholarships, grants do not have to be paid. The government offers several different grants, but be cautious about your eligibility. While scholarships are awarded on the basis of your skills, grants are usually given to people with financial difficulties.
When financially planning for a university degree, you must consider it as a one big investment spanning four years instead of planning for each individual year separately. Moreover it's better to use your savings for paying the complete fee for a year or two, instead of using it to partially cover the fee across 4 years. This not only exempts you from paying interest for a longer period, but also makes you eligible for borrowing larger amounts during the final few years.
With countries like Norway and Germany offering tuition free education, it makes sense to explore studying abroad. Moreover, even in universities that charge tuition fee from students it's exponentially lower compared to the fees charged back home. The lower cost of living in most European cities combined with a working student visa makes studying abroad an attractive option for Americans, with the number of foreign students growing up each year.
A number of students take a gap-year from college to travel or relax, but you can also use this to earn money. One can easily take up a full time job for a year and save enough to pay for a year or two of college with the right financial planning.
Most of the students enrol in a university as soon as they graduate from high school, which is not always a good idea, as they are still undecided about their carrier path. Instead, pick up a job, gain some experience of the outside world and have a clear mind before joining a university, who knows, a two year diploma might suit your carrier path better than a four year college degree.
People often look for some magic tricks or hacks to avoid debt, but unless you got rich riding on the Bitcoin wave, there are no magic tricks. It takes hard work, good financial planning, sacrifices, and the ability to make the right decisions. One must prioritize, and spend wisely on the right things to live a comfortable, debt free lifestyle.


April 20, 2017 — Magsaysay Maritime Corporation (MMC) officially joins the network of Green Award incentive providers. MMC is the first manning company recognized by the Green Award Foundation. MMC received the Green Award certificate in an official ceremony held at Times Plaza Building, Manila, Philippines.
Green Award certificate holders are ships and shipping companies that demonstrate excellent performance and care for the People and the Planet, while aiming at responsible and sustainable profit making. This certification is a major proof that MMC, one of the world's trusted providers of skilled manpower and human resource solutions for the global shipping and cruise industries, has proved its dedication to high quality, safety and environmental standards. Being a recognized Incentive Provider is a significant opportunity for MMC to rally behind Green Award's vision for safer and cleaner shipping.
Jan Fransen, Executive Director of Green Award Foundation, awarded the plaque to Marlon R. Roño, Executive Chairman of MMC. Magsaysay management team were also present during the awarding ceremony namely Arnold B. Javier, President of MMC; Alexander E. Querol, President of Magsaysay Learning Resources, Inc.; Captain Joselito J. Navales, Cluster HR Director of MMC; Nori M. Leonidas, Cruise Group Head of MMC; Luis V. Abuyo, Fleet HR Director of MMC; and Alfonso A. Pablo Jr., Crew and Family Relations Head of MMC.


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Élie Barnavi, né en 1946 à Bucarest (Roumanie), est un historien, essayiste, chroniqueur, diplomate israélien, professeur émérite d'histoire de l'Occident moderne à l'université de Tel Aviv, conseiller scientifique auprès du Musée de l'Europe à Bruxelles.

Biographie
Né en Roumanie d'un père issu d'une lignée de rabbins russes et d'une mère moldave, il émigre avec ses parents en 1961 en Israël (son père étant devenu sioniste après avoir combattu pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale dans l'Armée rouge), dont il devient citoyen. Il fréquente alors les mouvements de jeunesse de gauche, travaille un an dans un kibboutz à l'âge de 14 ans. En 1967, il fait son service militaire dans les parachutistes lors de la guerre des Six Jours. Après des études d'histoire et de sciences politiques à l'université hébraïque de Jérusalem, à l'université de Tel Aviv et à la Sorbonne, il a été nommé professeur d'histoire de l'Occident moderne à l'université de Tel Aviv, où il a dirigé le Centre d'études internationales. Il a aussi été directeur d'études à l'Institut de défense nationale, membre du mouvement La Paix maintenant.

Il est le père de trois garçons et une fille.

Il est membre de plusieurs conseils scientifiques ou d'orientation. En France, il a été président du Colloque du Cinquantième anniversaire du ministère de la Culture, et est membre des Rencontres internationales d'Avignon sur la Culture et du conseil international du Musée des civilisations de l'Europe et de la Méditerranée (MuCEM) de Marseille.

Il est également membre du comité de parrainage du Collège des Bernardins.

Elie Barnavi a dirigé ou codirigé les comités scientifiques d'expositions telles que Dieu(x), modes d'emploi ; C'est notre histoire ! 50 années d'aventure européenne ou L'Amérique, C'est aussi notre histoire ! Il travaille actuellement au développement du grand projet européen d'exposition relative aux relations entre l'Europe et la civilisation musulmane au fil des siècles.

De 2000 à 2002, il a servi comme ambassadeur d'Israël en France.

Il reprend ensuite son enseignement d'histoire à l'université de Tel Aviv. Il a notamment publié Une histoire moderne d'Israël, une Histoire universelle des Juifs, Lettre ouverte aux Juifs de France, et des ouvrages sur le  français. Il a été directeur scientifique à la Maison de l'histoire européenne à Bruxelles et il est membre du comité de pilotage du Groupe Spinelli prônant une Europe fédérale. Son dernier ouvrage paru : Confessions d'un bon à rien, Paris, Grasset, 2022.

Élie Barnavi est titulaire de plusieurs prix, dont le grand prix de la francophonie de l'Académie française, reçu en 2007 pour l'ensemble de son œuvre, le prix Aujourd'hui pour Les religions meurtrières et le prix Montaigne pour L'Europe frigide : réflexions sur un projet inachevé.

En , dans une lettre co-signée par 660 figures publiques israéliennes, il appelle les parlementaires européens à reconnaître immédiatement l'État palestinien.

Décorations

Publications
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  – Prix Aujourd'hui 2016

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 Cinquante ans après. Culture, politique et politiques culturelles. Colloque du cinquantenaire du ministère de la Culture et de la Communication des 13, 14 et , sous la direction d'Elie Barnavi et Maryvonne de Saint-Pulgent, Paris, Comité d'histoire du ministère de la Culture et des institutions culturelles / La Documentation française, .

 Confessions d'un bon à rien, Paris, Grasset : Prix JJ Rousseau 2022 de l'autobiographie Prix Jean-Jacques-Rousseau

Quelques articles
 Entretien avec Élie Barnavi et al., « Gulliver empêtré », Confluences Méditerranée 2001/2 (N°37), p. 91-100. DOI 10.3917/come.037.0091
 Élie Barnavi, « Où en est Israël ? Entretien », Le Débat 2004/1 (), p. 4-25. DOI 10.3917/deba.128.0004
 Élie Barnavi, « Le jour où Yitzhak Rabin a été assassiné », L'Histoire, 2005/11 (), p. 18-18
Élie Barnavi, « La logique d'une guerre de cent ans. Le conflit israélo-arabe », Le Débat 2007/2 (), p. 129-141.DOI 10.3917/deba.144.0129
 « De la bonne stratégie », Le Débat 2008/3 (), p. 45-51.DOI 10.3917/deba.150.0045
 « Les Américains doivent imposer un plan de paix », le Figaro, 8 juillet 2014
 Parler ou ne pas parler avec le Hamas, Opinion, i24News, 14 août 2014
 Élie Barnavi, « « Bordure protectrice » : la logique d'une moderne guerre de Cent Ans », Le Débat 2014/5 (), p. 68-77.DOI 10.3917/deba.182.0068
 Élie Barnavi, « Jérusalem, outil à usage politique multiple », Les Cahiers de l'Orient 2018/2 (), p. 15-27. DOI 10.3917/lcdlo.130.0015
 Élie Barnavi, « Israël-Iran. Vieille idylle, acrimonieux divorce », Revue des Deux Mondes, set. 2018. p. 40.

Notes et références

Liens externes

 Intervention Colloque : L'Europe en quête de son identité culturelle ()
  Interview Entretien par Tidhar Wald dans le quotidien israélien Haaretz ()

Historien israélien
Écrivain israélien francophone
Écrivain roumain francophone
Écrivain du XXe siècle
Écrivain du XXIe siècle
Collaborateur de Marianne
Personnalité du processus de paix israélo-arabe
Ambassadeur d'Israël en France
Étudiant de l'université hébraïque de Jérusalem
Étudiant de l'université de Tel Aviv
Étudiant de la faculté des lettres de Paris
Docteur en histoire de l'université Paris-Sorbonne
Professeur à l'université de Tel Aviv
Lauréat du prix Aujourd'hui
Lauréat du grand prix de la francophonie
Officier de la Légion d'honneur
Officier des Palmes académiques
Naissance en 1946
Naissance à Bucarest

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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'All Rise,' 'The Neighborhood' Among 18 Series Renewals At CBS
CBS has renewed ton of series, including the freshman court drama, All Rise, which Simone Missick, and second-year comedy series The Neighborhood, starring Cedric the Entertainer and Tichina Arnold. Most networks are expected to renew the majority of their slate due to the way the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the 2020 pilot season.
Other renewals include Bob ♥ Abishola, The Unicon Blue Bloods, Bull, FBI, FBI: Most Wanted, MacGyver, Magnum P.I., NCIS, NCIS: Los Angeles, NCIS: New Orleans, Seal Team, and S.W.A.T. New programs 60 Minutes and 48 Hours were also renewed, as well as reality series Undercover Boss.
All of the series join Evil, Mom and Young Sheldon, which were already renewed. Four shows were canceled: Broke, Carol's Second Act, Tommy and Man With A Plan. God Friended Me was canceled last month
You can check out descriptions of select series below:
All Rise is a courthouse drama that follows the chaotic, hopeful and sometimes absurd lives of its judges, prosecutors and public defenders, as they work with bailiffs, clerks and cops to get justice for the people of Los Angeles amidst a flawed legal process. Among them is newly appointed Judge Lola Carmichael (Simone Missick), a highly regarded and impressive deputy district attorney who doesn't intend to sit back on the bench in her new role, but instead leans in, immediately pushing the boundaries and challenging the expectations of what a judge can be.
Bob ♥ Abishola
From award-winning creator, executive producer and writer Chuck Lorre, Bob ♥ Abishola is a love story about a middle-aged compression sock businessman from Detroit who unexpectedly falls for his cardiac nurse, a Nigerian immigrant, while recovering from a heart attack and sets his sights on winning her over. Undaunted by Abishola's lack of initial interest or the vast differences in their backgrounds, Bob is determined to win Abishola's heart, in this comedic examination of immigrant life in America.
The Neighborhood stars Cedric the Entertainer in a comedy about what happens when the friendliest guy in the Midwest moves his family to a neighborhood in Los Angeles where not everyone looks like him or appreciates his extreme neighborliness. Dave Johnson is a good-natured, professional conflict negotiator. When his wife, Gemma, gets a job as a school principal in L.A., they move from Michigan with their young son, Grover, unfazed that their new dream home is located in a community quite different from their small town. Their opinionated next-door neighbor, Calvin Butler, is wary of the newcomers, certain that the Johnsons will disrupt the culture on the block. However, Calvin's gracious wife, Tina, rolls out the welcome wagon; their chipper younger son, Marty, thinks the Johnsons could be good for the community; and their unemployed older son, Malcolm, finds Dave may finally be someone who understands him. Dave realizes that fitting into their new community is more complex than he expected, but if he can find a way to connect with Calvin, they have an excellent chance of making their new neighborhood their home.
'Altered Carbon': Simone Missick And Renée Elise Goldsberry On Portraying Black Women In Sci-Fi
Photo: CBS
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Rosalyn Boder 17 January 2020
Spinnup's European Festival Applications Guide 2020
A new decade, a new season of festivals and an array of opportunities to get discovered. 2020 could be the year you get a lucky break in your music career – but not without our advice and support of course.
We all want to boost your chances of discovery as much as possible – and what better way than to play a festival. How do festivals promote you as an artist? Because they allow you to reach a wider fanbase than just gigging as not only will you be playing to your existing fans, but festival goers that may catch you on a whim, and then you become their next favourite thing.
But, how do you apply for festival slots? Below, we've put together a hefty list (over 30!) of some fantastic European Festival opportunities and how to apply to them. All of these festivals have stages that welcome independent artists, or some kind of newcomer competition or initiative you can enter.
But before we dive in, let's go over some important points to consider before both applying, and playing at festivals if you score that lucky slot.
Pay attention to all the details.
It's important that you read all of the instructions in detail for every application. Each one will be slightly different from another. Some will require you to fill out a form, while others will ask you to send an email. If you're a bit stuck on pitching through email, then read out handy guide on pitching here.
Have all of your assets ready AND up-to-date!
Applications may require you to submit a number of things from your artist bio (a shorter version showcasing your best achievements to date), links to your website (you could use your Spinnup Artist Site for this) and social media accounts, streamable links to your music and your EPK. Make sure they are as updated as possible so that you're taken seriously.
Think about practical logistics.
Mundane, but must be done. For any festival, like any gigs, you need to think about the practicalities of things such as getting there, accommodation and transportation of equipment. If you are going to play overseas (which is of course both an amazing experience and opportunity), you will need to think about how you are going to travel there and whether you're happy to break even, or even have a loss of profit. Are you going to need travel insurance? Will you need to borrow instruments and equipment at the festival? You'll need to consider all of these things.
Check your calendar
Make sure you're actually available to play on the dates of festivals you're going to apply to. Additionally, if you've applied to a couple of festivals that fall on the same weekend, then don't accidentally double book yourself!
Does your music fit the bill?
Apply to as many festivals as you like, but we strongly advise you apply to the festivals that you suit the most. It would be a waste of time and effort to apply to a festival where you don't suit the bill.
Gig and rehearse loads beforehand
Playing a festival is your opportunity to show a potentially large audience what you're about, so make the most of it. Put together a rehearsal schedule to make sure your performance is as tight as possible.
Spinnup Team.
Impulse Festival – Rijeka, Croatia (30th March – 5th April)
• Impulse Festival is a boutique festival that aims to promote good music and urban culture. Taking place across various city locations, Impulse seeks to open up new, different views of the music and club culture through various art forms, in the spirit of the slogan "music is everywhere".
Apply via gigmit here by 19th January.
Le Printemps de Bourges – Bourges, France (21st – 26th April)
• Le Printemps de Bourges is held in Bourges, France and has become a major event in the French calendar. The festival focuses on the discovery of new talent, and for the past few years has hosted several Spinnup stages with Spinnup artists such as Polycool and Frauds.
Make sure you keep an eye out on the Spinnup France site for more details on this year's competition.
c/o pop Festival – Ehrenfeld, Cologne, Germany (22nd – 26th April)
• c/o pop Festival is held in multiple locations across Cologne, Germany. It focuses on the discovery of young rising talent and artists both local and international. The festival centres around contemporary pop culture. Its lineup consists of various genres from indie to urban with Foals as this year's headliners. Alongside the festival, c/o pop Convention will take place (23rd – 25th April), where industry professionals share their ideas on current developments of the music industry with plenty of opportunities to network.
Apply asap by emailing booking@c-o-pop.de
Are You Listening? – Reading, UK (25th April)
• Critically acclaimed and award-winning festival, Are You Listening? takes place in various venues across Reading. The festival and strives to support the local music scene and raises money for charity Mencap, which supports people with Learning Disabilities. Artrocker Magazine has described the festival as a "a must-attend for all discerning festival goers".
Apply asap by emailing info@heavypop.co.uk with a streaming link to your music and a paragraph of background info.
Sound City – Liverpool, UK (1st – 3rd May 2020)
• Sound City is the UK's leading independent festival and conference for new music. Based across the streets of the Baltic Triangle (the creative and cultural epicentre of Liverpool), the festival captures the vibrancy and buzz of the city and its famous musical heritage. Established names perform alongside emerging talent at the festival, whilst with its workshops and collaborative opportunities, the internationally renowned music conference, Sound City+ is a must for anybody looking to have a career in the music industry.
Apply via gigmit here by 17th Jan.
Live at Leeds – Leeds, UK (2nd May)
• Live at Leeds is an award-winning metropolitan festival that takes place across various venues in Leeds over the May Day bank holiday weekend. Its aim is to showcase the best new music and up-and-coming talent alongside established artists from around the world. This year the lineup features Spinnup alumni Devon, who was recently signed to Universal!
Apply here asap.
The Great Escape – Brighton, UK (13th – 16th May)
• The Great Escape takes place in UK music hub Brighton. It showcases new music from all over the world across 30+ venues and at a pop-up site on the beach. According to The Times, "The Great Escape has established itself as the best place in Europe to discover new bands." It is the first place fans discover their new favourite artists and see them in an intimate setting before they go onto headline major festival stages! The Great Escape is also attended by industry people who are on the hunt for the next big thing. So, this festival is a MUST for new bands and artists alike.
Apply here by 11th Feb
Nuits Sonores – Lyon, France (19th – 24th May)
• Nuits Sonores is an electronic festival based in Lyon, France. It aims to seek out the artists of tomorrow and bring together a varied audience, unrestrained by generation, social class or geographical barriers. Taking place across over 40 locations, Nuites Sonores transforms Lyon into a "unique urban space of freedom, togetherness and sharing." It features cutting edge independent, electronic and digital contemporary culture and fresh programming with key values of openness and diversity.
Applications aren't open yet so check back in on the site soon.
Sweden Rock – Norje, Sweden (3rd – 6th June)
• Sweden Rock Festival takes place outside the town of Sölvesborg in Blekinge in southern Sweden. The festival offers the best possible mix of classic rock, hard rock, metal, blues and related genres. Despite being a rock festival, it's a family-friendly event with a cozy and calm atmosphere. It prides itself on its attention to festival experience, comfort and excellent service. Furthermore, it has been described as "probably the best outdoor festival in the world" by Geoff Barton of Classic Rock Magazine. Over the years, the lineup has included bands such as Blue Öyster Cult, Black Sabbath, and Guns n Roses.
We Love Green – Paris, France (6th – 7th June)
• We Love Green takes place across several stages in the Parisian woods. At the heart of this festival lies today's environmental issues and with the aim to raise awareness of these certain issues and change people's habits. For example, their website allows you to plant a tree to compensate your carbon footprint coming to the festival. The festival has a great mix of indie and electro music and with this year's bill featuring Lana Del Rey, King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard and Four Tet.
Applications aren't open yet check back in on the site soon.
Eden Festival – Scotland, UK (11th – 14th June)
• Eden Festival is held in Raehills Meadows near Moffat, Dumfries and Galloway. It is another festival with a sustainable and environmentally conscious approach. It's a truly energetic, vibrant and independent boutique festival showcasing new music and aims to involve young people with a collective community spirit. Eden Festival showcases acts both big and unsigned across different genres.
Sea Sessions – Bundoran Donegal, Ireland (19th – 21st June)
• Sea Sessions is Ireland's biggest surf and music festival. It takes place right on the beach in Bundoran, the capital of Irish Surfing. As well as surfing and music, it brings together skateboarding, BMX, graffiti and loads more. It has been described as "one of Ireland's most eclectic, unique, enjoyable and multi-faceted festivals" by the Irish Independent. Acts this year include Sigrid, Eats Everything and Inhaler.
Apply asap by emailing bands@seasessions.com
Glastonbury – Glastonbury, UK (24th – 28th June)
• Award-winning Glastonbury Festival is the biggest green-field music festival in the world and a major event in British Culture. Around 200,000 people attend each day of this five-day festival. This year marks Glastonbury's 50th Anniversary with a bill including Paul McCartney, Taylor Swift and Diana Ross. Tickets have already sold out for this year's event (in a little over 30 minutes!)
Check back in on the site soon for emerging talent competition.
Couleur Cafe – Brussels, Belgium (26th – 28th June)
• Couleur Cafe is a three-day urban world music festival in Brussels, Belgium with a social and environmental initiative. Its programming includes over 60 concerts and DJ-sets with genres including hip hop, soul, funk, world, reggae, dub electronic music and Latin. This year's lineup includes Shaggy and Youssou N'Dour.
Apply asap by emailing festival@couleurcafe.org
Isle of Wight Festival – Isle Of Wight, UK (11th – 14th June)
• World-famous Isle of Wight Festival takes place in Newport at a beautiful location near the sea. The festival is another major event in the UK summer calendar and great for real music lovers of all ages. Dating back to 1968, the festival has seen iconic legendary acts such as David Bowie and Bob Dylan as well as up-and-coming artists. This year's lineup includes Lewis Capaldi, Duran Duran and Lionel Richie.
Apply for Isle of Wight Festival's New Blood Competition here asap.
Music in the Park, Montreux Jazz Festival – Montreux, Switzerland (3rd – 18th July)
• Music in the park is located in Parc Vernex next to Auditorium Stravinski at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland. It hosts over 70 free concerts by Swiss and international artists as well as big bands. It welcomes all styles of music, especially new artists but needs to be accessible to a wide audience.
Apply here by 15th Feb.
Les Francofolies de La Rochelle – La Rochelle, France (10th – 14th July)
• Les Francofolies de La Rochelle offers five days of musical celebration held in the picturesque surrounds of the city's historic port. The festival is committed to showcasing the finest French (and Francophone) music from a wide range of genres, established artists, up-and-coming and young and old. The festival prides itself on diversity and inclusivity, so expect to see all sorts of music fans of all ages and backgrounds at the festival. (Also, Spinnup is currently working on a partnership with this festival!)
Nass Festival – Bristol, UK (9th – 12th July)
• Nass Festival takes place across four days at the Bath and West Showground near Bristol. As well as showcasing music from the world of drum and bass, hip-hop and more, Nass' main features are its skate, BMX, Inline and FMX competitions. This year's lineup includes Chase and Status, The Streets and Mahalia.
Les Vieilles Charrues – Brittany, France (16th – 19th July)
• Les Vieilles Charrues is the largest music festival in France and takes place in a natural amphitheatre in Carhaix, Les Vieilles in Brittany. Its multi-genre bill appeals to all generations and styles.
Lollapallooza – Paris, France (18th – 19th July)
• With 2020 being its fourth year, Lollapallooza in Paris is the newest member of the iconic festival brand that takes place around the world. It is a huge international multi-genre festival with both modern and veteran acts that'll please all kinds of music fans. This year's lineup features superstars Billie Eilish, Pearl Jam and Rita Ora.
Nozstock the Hidden Valley – Bromyard, UK (23rd – 26th July)
• Nozstock the Hidden Valley takes place in the rural countryside of Herefordshire. It was founded by a fun-loving family and their friends and since has become an established family event that caters to all ages. It boasts 11 stages of entertainment and the arts and believes in the value of audience participation and contribution, inviting conversation and interaction.
Apply here by 31st March.
Boardmasters – Newquay, Cornwall, UK (5th – 9th August)
• Boardmasters Festival is a jam-packed weekend of live music and surf/skate competitions the Cornish coast. The festival site is situated at Watergate Bay with stunning views and sunsets where you can watch acts both big and small. At the same time, catch pro surf, skate and BMX competitions on Fistral Beach in the town of Newquay!
Green Man – Wales, UK (20th – 23rd August)
• Green Man is an independent music and arts festival set in the Brecon Beacons, Wales with the Black Mountains as an impressive backdrop. The festival has a fantastic lineup of genres such as psychedelia, Americana and Folk. As well as music you can experience comedy, science, literature, yoga and much more!
Check back soon for this year's Green Man Rising opening.
Rock En Seine – Paris, France (21st – 23rd August)
• Rock en Seine takes place in Château de Saint-Cloud's park, West of Paris. It is one of the largest festivals in France, and among the most important music events in Europe. The festival welcomes pop and rock bands, big and new and has hosted acts such as The Cure, Royal Blood and Jorja Smith.
End Of The Road – Larmer Tree Gardens, UK (3rd – 6th Sept)
• End of the Road is an independent festival situated on the border of North Dorset and Wiltshire. It won NME's 'Best Small Festival' a few years running and has hosted artists such as St Vincent, Mac Demarco and Courtney Barnett. End Of The Road doesn't focus on one particular genre, but values good songwriting and is serious about music. (Also, as it takes place in Larmer Tree Gardens, don't be surprised if you see any macaws or peacocks wondering about!)
Apply to play here by 9th February.
Waves Vienna – Vienna, Austria (10th – 12th Sept)
• Waves Vienna Music Festival & Conference is a showcase festival where international alternative electronic, rock and club acts perform around Vienna's 9th district. The festival's programme includes local and also Eastern European musicians with a motto of "East Meets West".
Apply via gigmit here by 15th June.
La Fête de l'Humanité – La Courneuve, France (12th – 14th Sept)
• This big alternative festival dates all the way back to 1930 where it was originally started to raise funds for its organisers the French daily newspaper L'Humanité, and continues to do so today. Taking place in La Courneuve near Paris, its stages have been graced by legends such as Stevie Wonder, The Who, Pink Floyd and Chuck Berry. The festival is considered as the start of the left-wing's 'political year' in September as communists, social-democrats, anarchists and more attend to celebrate and forget their disagreements for a weekend.
Reeperbahn – Hamburg, Germany (16th – 19th Sept)
• Reeperbahn Festival takes place in the famous Reeperbahn District in Hamburg and is the largest club festival in Germany with 1100 programmes in over 100 venues. It's programming features not only music but arts, film and a conference. The festival adopts a spirit of 'togetherness' with a zero tolerance for racism, sexism or homophobia.
We've been lucky enough to hose a Spinnup Stage the last two years of the festival where select German Spinnup artists are invited to play.
Apply here by 17th July.
MaMA Festival and Convention – Paris, France (14th – 16th Oct)
• MaMa Festival and Convention takes place in Paris and is the largest gathering in the French music industry. This is a really interesting festival for networking opportunities and welcomes French and international, independent and major labels, producers, managers, publishers, start-ups and more. We've also got a stage at this festival!
Amsterdam Dance Event – Amsterdam, NL (21st – 25th Oct)
• Amsterdam Dance Event the largest club festival and conference in the world for electronic sub-genres. The festival has over 2,500 artists from pioneers to new talent performing across 140 venues from clubs to concert halls and even museums.
Keep an eye out on their website for the showcase application form coming soon.
Pitchfork Festival – Paris, France (5th – 7th Nov)
• Pitchfork Festival, Paris is a branch of the Pitchfork music festival in Chicago, organised by Pitchfork media. It takes place at Grande Halle de la Villette and focuses primarily on independent artists. Its lineup has included artists and bands such as Skepta, Kaytranada, M83 and Caribou.
Bars en Trans – Rennes, France (4th – 7th December)
• Bars en Trans takes place in Rennes, and is known for discovering new emerging artists. It's programming is eclectic and sophisticated, and for the past two years has had Spinnup artists playing its stages.
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Q: Optimizing postgres contains (LIKE) query in django for CHAR field So I've got a query for a search endpoint in my Django (postgres) backend like so:
widgets = Widgets.objects.\
    filter(user=request.user).\
    filter(title__icontains="marketing director").\
    distinct('url')[:250]

title is a CHAR field (models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True) in django).
contains here of course amounts to a '%LIKE%' query in Postgres. I want specifically this (ie: NOT an infix 'LIKE%' search).
I'd like to speed up that query.
It seems like most optimizations for postgres text search are only for TEXT fields - is there any way to speed up exact string searches on a CHAR column?
I could use Postgres trigram indices, but I don't actually need the fuzzy/mispelling-type search. Though I'd happily use it if it's actually just faster for some reason.
Or would I be better off converting those columns to TEXT, taking the storage increase hit, and better indexing them somehow?

A: The only way so use an index with a LIKE pattern that starts with % (is not anchored at the beginning) is to use a trigram index.
It does not matter if you define the attributes as character or text, since they will be converted to text anyway.
Do your data contain a lot of trailing blanks? Other than that, I cannot see how text could waste storage space.


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Мак-Клур () — пролив, отделяющий острова Мелвилл (остров, Канада), Принс-Патрик и Эглинтон от острова Банкс в Канадском Арктическом архипелаге.

География
Пролив Мак-Клур расположен в западной части Канадского Арктического архипелага и является частью одного из маршрутов через Северо-Западный проход наряду с проливами Барроу, Вайкаунт–Мелвилл и Ланкастер. В англоязычной литературе эти четыре пролива называют Parry Channal (пролив Парри). Пролив Парри отделяет Острова Королевы Елизаветы от остальной части Канадского Арктического архипелага.

Пролив Мак-Клур соединяет море Бофорта, расположенное на западе, с проливом Вайкаунт-Мелвилл на востоке. В энциклопедии Britannica и в ряде других англоязычных источников пролив называют восточным рукавом моря Бофорта.

Максимальная ширина пролива равна 140 км, минимальная ширина — 88 км. Длина залива составляет 400 км. Максимальная глубина 472 метра, средняя глубина 300 метров. Пролив находится в полярной области и большую часть года покрыт льдами. Благодаря ледоколам навигация длится с августа до сентябрь. Впервые ледокол прошёл по проливу в 1954 году, открыв самый короткий путь через канадскую Арктику. В 1960 году через пролив прошла американская подводная лодка USS Seadragon, а в 1962 году — USS Skate.

Из-за глобального потепления в августе 2007 годах пролив практически полностью освободился ото льда, впервые реально став частью Северо-Западного морского пути. В августе 2010 года ситуация повторилась — пролив полностью освободился ото льда, но выход на запад, в море Бофорта, остался закрыт ледяными полями.

История

Пролив Мак-Клур открыт английским мореплавателем Робертом Мак-Клуром в 1851 году и позже назван в его честь.

Примечания

Проливы Северного Ледовитого океана
Проливы Северо-Западных территорий