The Illinois Central Railroad (ICRR) Depot in Ullin meets Criterion A for transportation for listing in the National Register of Historic Places as it is associated with the railroad industry. The Illinois Central Railroad at its intersection with the Cache River created an ideal location for what would become the Village of Ullin, Illinois.
Ullin is located about 18 miles north of Cairo, Illinois where the confluence of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers occur. It is located in northern Pulaski County, which was formed on March 3, 1843. (Pulaski County is named after the Revolutionary war hero, General Casimir Pulaski, who was killed in 1779 during the Revolutionary War). As early as 1702 the French Government issued charters to protect the junction of the two rivers and control all commercial transactions into the territory. After the French and Indian War which began in 1756 all possessions of the French east of the Mississippi River were transferred to the English. In 1776 the war for American Independence began and the land was taken from the British. In December 1778 the state of Virginia created the first civil government for what was called a new county of Virginia. They named it "Illinois County". In 1784 the United States Government took control over the area and it became known as the Northwest Territory. In 1787 it was once again divided due to the increasing population. It became the Indiana Territory. And finally in 1809 Illinois was separated from Indiana and became known as the Illinois Territory. In 1818 Illinois became the 21st state of the Union. Several county divisions occurred before Pulaski County was named in 1843.
Prior to the arrival of white settlers, this area was home to tribes of Shawnee Indians. The Shawnee National Forest now preserves many of the areas where these tribes made their home. Local farmers still discover small artifacts of the Indian tribes that once inhabited the hills and fields near Ullin. For the same reason the Indians made their home here, settlers arriving via the Ohio River made their way into the rich fertile lands of Southern Illinois. The settlers were not always welcomed with open arms and many lost their life at the hands of hostile Indians who saw the new arrivals as their enemy.
In the Fall of 1832, Alexander Jenkins, a forward-looking Statesman and Speaker of the Illinois House, from Murphysboro, proposed during a general assembly session at Vandalia, a railroad to run the length of the State of Illinois. Jenkins found among his many supporters, a young 23-year-old candidate for the state legislature from Sangamon County named Abraham Lincoln.
On February 27, 1837 the Internal Improvement Act was passed. Included in this Act were provisions for the Central Railroad. Work on the Central Railroad included 40 miles of surveying and grading from Cairo north. This would have included the area later to be named Ullin (in 1840, the project was suspended due to lack of funding).
On March 4, 1847, Stephen Douglas, known as the "Little Giant", became an U. S. Senator from Illinois. Senator Douglas joined in the support of the Central Railroad Plan. On the same day, Abraham Lincoln took his seat in the U. S. Congress. Both men supported land-grant aid for the proposed Central Railroad "connecting the Upper and Lower Mississippi Rivers with the chain of lakes at Chicago". On September 20, 1850 President Millard Fillmore signed the Central Railroad Bill. The dream of a railroad from Cairo to Chicago was a step closer to becoming a reality. On February 10, 1851, after two decades of work, the Illinois Central Railroad was born.
In seven years, on September 15, 1858, Abraham Lincoln and Steven Douglas would use this railroad to meet in Jonesboro, Illinois and debate each other for one of the United States Senate Seat. Douglas spent the night before the debate in Cairo, Illinois and then traveled to Anna, Illinois by a special Illinois Central train the morning of the debate. A flat car was attached to the train on which a small brass cannon was positioned. As the train passed through Ullin and the other small towns between Cairo and Anna, the cannon was fired drawing the attention of many bystanders.
News of the new railroad spread rapidly. Many merchants seeing the opportunity of new business ventures came to Illinois. It is estimated as many as 10,000 men were employed on the construction of the new railroad. Laborers received $1.25 dollars per day. Over the next five years between 1851 and 1856 the Illinois Central Railroad brought 100,000 men to Illinois. Many of these men stayed in Illinois and made families after the construction project was done. The heritage of many African Americans is directly tied to the Illinois Central Railroad as they were employed and made homes in the railroad towns, such as Ullin. Several of those who helped build the railroad found permanent jobs with the Illinois Central Railroad. Some of the African American families still living in and around Ullin came to the area as their ancestors took jobs helping to build the new railroad. For those who did not work directly for the railroad, many bought farms or opened businesses in the new founded towns along the Illinois Central Railroad Line. The dream of the Central Railroad had become a reality. Ullin became part of this dream.
The question of how Ullin received its name has remained a mystery for years. Folklore has it that it was named after Samuel Ulen who was born in Wheeling, Virginia in 1798. Ulen moved into Pulaski County in 1851 where he was a very respected politician. It is told that through a spelling error, the name Ulen was transposed to Ullin when it was being recorded. No such record could be found in the Pulaski County Clerks records or with the State of Illinois. A historian with the State of Illinois researched this issue and advised there was no spelling mistake in the state capital. In fact, the historian provided copies of Ullin's request for incorporation. This incorporation occurred in 1900 when Ullin citizens voted 38 to 28 for incorporation. The State of Illinois then officially recognized Ullin as a legal municipality. During the research of Ullin's name, some senior members of the Ullin community advised that as a child they had heard the village was named after a poem, or a poet. Through research of this subject, a publication dated 1884, which explained how towns along the ICRR received their name, was discovered. This publication indicated the Village of Ullin's name was taken from poems written by the 3rd century Gaelic poet Ossian. James Macpherson (1736-1796) who was a Scottish poet and scholar translated these poems. Ullin is one of the eight heroes named in the Ossian poems. Ullin was a positive character in many of the poems. In one of the poems, Ullin is a place or city where, "the nations gathered and blessed the king...from the land of Selma". Ullin most likely earned its name from these poems. These poems were extremely popular during the early 19th century. Napoleon 1 (1769-1821) of France, was an admirer of these poems and kept a copy of them in the breast pocket of his jacket. It is conceivable a person with a passion for these poems named the area, which would later become the community of Ullin. This is all consistent with Illinois Central Railroad Company financial records of 1855, which describes the depot between Pulaski and Wetaug as "Ullin". This was two years before Ullin was officially platted as a village. Records from the Pulaski County Court House written in 1857, when Ullin was founded, are clear; the name was Ullin and spelled exactly as it is today. It does not appear Ullin was named by mistake.
A single Illinois Central Railroad track was laid from Cairo to Carbondale during the period from 1851 to 1854. The ICRR company, who owned 100' feet either side of the track, chose to place freight houses and depots about every five miles or so to make it convenient for farmers to reach in one day, ship their goods and still return home before sundown. The reasoning for the 100' feet of property on each side was so when large trees on private land fell, they would not block the railroad. The location of Ullin was a good choice because of the Cache River, which the ICRR crossed and took on water from. The bottomlands around the Cache offered an abundant supply of timber.
A freight house, wood shop and passenger depot was constructed at Ullin in 1854. The freight house was constructed about 500 feet north of the ICRR Cache River Bridge on the west side of the single track. A wood shop and water well were built just south of the freight house. Both structures were located across from today's Ullin Park and Village Hall. Both structures are noted on records filed with the Pulaski County Circuit Clerk when Ullin was founded in 1857. This is further supported by the ICRR Finacial Statement of 1855 which revealed income from both passenger and freight business at Ullin. A water tank for filling the steam locomotives was located on the east side of the track about 100' feet north of the ICRR Cache River Bridge. A document in the Illinois Central Historical Society Archives in Paxton, Illinois states, "a framed passenger and freight house 24' X 100' foot were built (in Ullin) about 1863". This indicates today's depot is Ullin's third ICRR Depot.
According to the records on file with the Pulaski County Circuit Clerk's Office, the first and probably the second Ullin Railroad Depot were built on the east side of the railroad directly across from the freight house which was on the west side of the main line. This would have been located about 75' feet south of the current Illinois Central Railroad Depot built in 1897. The Village of Ullin now owns the property on which the old depot(s) sat and where the current depot rests. The old location is part of the parking lot for the current depot. None of the old structures built in 1854 or 1863 exist. It is unknown how the old depots met their demise, but fire claimed many of the old structures. The concrete pier foundations for the water tower are still in place.
The first actual train, including locomotive and passenger cars, to travel the Illinois Central Railroad passed through the little settlement of Ullin during the morning of July 4, 1854. The wood burning steam locomotive and a small number of VIP passenger cars were en route to a celebration in Carbondale organized by Carbondale's founder Daniel H. Brush.
The first financial record of the Illinois Central Railroad reveals the first freight handled by the Ullin ICRR Depot was in February of 1855. The ICRR received $38.92 that month. The same record indicates 1,388 passengers boarded at Ullin en route to cities as far north as Sandoval and as far south as Cairo during 1855. 663 passengers came to the Ullin Depot from other destinations during 1855. This record also reveals the village was known as Ullin at least two years before the first Platt was filed with the Pulaski County Circuit Clerk's Office (thus disproving Ullin was named by mistake).
Joseph F. Ashley and David L. Phillips founded Ullin on January 12, 1857. Phillips, who resided in Anna, Illinois, was a close friend of Abraham Lincoln. In fact, Lincoln stayed with the Phillips family during the Lincoln Douglas Debate on September 15, 1858. Lincoln and Phillips had become friends while they were both employed by the Illinois Central Railroad in 1854. Lincoln was an attorney for the ICRR while Phillips was a land agent. Ashley and Phillips platted the first city blocks parallel to the Illinois Central Railroad. First North Street was platted on the east side of the track running east and west. The location where First North Street (now named Ullin Avenue) intersected the Illinois Central Railroad is where today's depot sets. Other sections of town were platted over the next few years. Eventually, the town was built on both sides of the railroad. The Ullin ICRR Depot was placed in the middle of the village.
Many famous personalities have passed or maybe even stopped in Ullin as they made their way down the Illinois Central Main Line. In July 1859, a group of state officers and appraisal experts made a 9 day daytime tour of every mile of the Illinois Central Railroad for appraisal purposes. The host of this group was the lawyer of the Illinois Central Railroad, Abraham Lincoln. There is nothing to document Lincoln and his group stopped in Ullin, but it is interesting to note such a noble man, who would be the sixteenth president of the United States, would have passed through the middle of Ullin. In addition to Mr. Lincoln, not famous at the time, were his wife, Mary, and their sons Robert and Tad. As mentioned, Illinois U. S. Senator Steven Douglas who would go on to beat Lincoln in his re-election bid during the election of 1858, rode through Ullin on the morning and evening of the Lincoln-Douglas Debate in Jonesboro on September 15, 1858. Joining him for the trip through Ullin and onto Anna was John A. Logan and George B. McClellen (who would both later be Union Generals in the Civil War). Lincoln stayed in Anna and did not make it through Ullin during the debate.
Another well known Illinois Central Railroad celebrity that passed through Ullin on November 1, 1893 and maybe many other times was John Luther Jones, better known as "Casey Jones". Casey became famous after he was killed at Vaughan, Mississippi in the wreck of the engine #382 (also known as No. 1 or the Cannonball) on April 29, 1900. The famous ballad titled "Casey Jones" profiles the wreck that killed the famous engineer.
When the Illinois Central Railroad was built, it erected a telegraph line from Cairo to Dunleith, Illinois. The Illinois Telegraph Company operated this line. The contract between the two companies allowed the ICRR free use of their 1200 miles of telegraph line. The Illinois Central Depot telegraph became the first location for communication to the outside world in Ullin. The new depot built in 1897 was also equipped with a telegraph. News of the Civil War and later in 1865 the news of Abraham Lincoln's assassination would come to the residents of Ullin via the telegraph at the Ullin ICRR Depot. During the early morning hours of November 11, 1918 every telegraph operator along the Illinois Central Railroad had been advised an important message would be forthcoming. All operators waited in anticipation for this important message. At 9:40 A.M., the message came that the Armistice had been signed ending World War I. Ullin residents learned the news from the telegraph operator at the Ullin Depot.
Many businesses existed in and around Ullin after the Illinois Central Railroad completed the track. Blue limestone was excavated form the hills north of Ullin as early as 1848. Lime kilns operated at a capacity of 300 barrels a day by 1869. The lime was shipped by rail to all parts of the country. It was used by farmers in their fields and by factories in the manufacturing of glass and building purposes. The main source of business in the Ullin area was logging. The Cache River flowed under the Illinois Central Railroad on the south side of Ullin. The James Bell Saw Mill was located in Ullin on the southwest side. The first generation forests provided many large trees, which were cut from many locations around Ullin. Most were cut near the Cache Bottomlands and hauled to the river by horses or oxen. From that point they were floated to the mills for sawing. James Bell, who lived in Cobden, owned lumberyards at Du Quoin, Tamaroa, Ashley, Centralia, and Ullin. In 1869, an average of 20,000 feet of lumber was being cut in an 11 hour run at Bell's Saw Mill. The mill used saw dust and shavings to fuel the steam engine, which drove the saws. About 8,000 native hardwood logs were being sawed annually. Another saw mill known as St. Leger Rood & Co., which was located about one mile west of Ullin (near today's new Crossroads United Methodist Church), utilized over 4 miles of wooden railroad for conveying logs and lumber to and from their mill. Over the next several years, many spur railroad tracks would be built to serve the businesses of Ullin.
The Illinois Central Railroad Directory of 1869 stated, "In 1867 the Illinois Central Railroad shipped about 4,000,000 feet of lumber, 3,500,000 shingles, and 3,500 barrels of lime from Ullin". All of this business was transacted at the old Ullin Depot. The directory went on to say, "the soil is rich in this vicinity, and farming is beginning to look up as the timber is clearing off. Winter wheat is almost a sure crop. Fruit growing is getting to be quite a considerable business".
Due to the increasing exports from Ullin, the population continued to increase as more laborers were needed and other businesses were created in town. In 1869, Ullin supported about 300 people.
After the Great Chicago Fire on October 8-9, 1871, the saw mills in and around Ullin were called on to send lumber to help rebuild the city. Hundreds of thousands of feet of Ullin area timber was purchased and sent by train to help rebuild Chicago.
On October 29, 1889 the Illinois Central Railroad Bridge spanning the Ohio River was opened. Most of the rock used to build the approach on the Illinois side came from the Ullin Limestone Quarry. This allowed trains to move from Chicago to New Orleans without being barged across the river.
As predicted in 1869 by the Illinois Central Railroad, farming joined the other occupations as a significant industry in the Ullin area. During 1896 and 1897 the Illinois Central Railroad began to lay a double track from Carbondale to Cairo. In the fall of 1897, the double track was completed in Ullin. Many other significant improvements were made along the way. One of them was a new depot in Ullin (the focus of this application). The wooden structure built was (is) 60' feet long and 24' feet wide. The stationmaster's window tipped out 3.5' feet. The Ullin Illinois Central Railroad Depot was located at mile 345 on the main line. By 1897, the population of Ullin stood at about 400. At the turn of the century, the small village was busy. In 1910, the population increased to 670 citizens. In 1940 the population of Ullin peaked at 827 and by 1950 the population began a decline and was counted at 773. Ullin's best years of commerce were in direct correlation to the rise and fall of the village's population. This occurred during the first fifty years of the depot built in 1897.
The Ullin Depot was built in the middle of the busy little community. The depot built in 1897 continued to be the hub of commerce for Ullin and the surrounding area just as the old depot had been. Farmers involved in raising produce of all kinds would bring their products in to be shipped to various destinations. Many older citizens recall the loading of strawberries picked from Ullin farms, brought to the Ullin ICRR Depot, iced and loaded onto a northbound freight train, so they could arrive at Chicago markets by morning. Livestock was received and shipped out at the Ullin Depot by local farmers until trucking took over in the middle 1900's. William Echols, who was born at Ullin in 1919, remembers coming to the Ullin ICRR Depot as a young boy with his Grandpa William Henry Crippen and picking up a crated live pig, which had just been delivered by an Illinois Central Freight Train. That was many years ago but it is still vivid in his memory.
In the early 1900's photography came to this little community. Many of the older photographs know of Ullin were staged around the Illinois Central Depot. The photographs reflect the very busy Ullin Depot. The Ullin Depot was the center of local transportation. Several passenger trains would stop daily, both north and southbound. For over 100 years mail coming to this community came via the train. Many people recall seeing Mrs. Ruth Payne push a wooden mail cart from the depot to the Ullin Post Office located across the street. Ullin's Postmaster of many years Delbert "Tip" Britt recalled that a hook located just to the south of today's depot served as the method in which the train would "catch" the mail. Mail coming into the community sometimes as many as four times a day would be "thrown off" at the same location. Many bags of mail through the years bounced back under the train and would have to be pieced back together by the postmaster.
In 1899 a second railroad laid tracks through Ullin. The Chicago & Eastern Illinois Railroad (C&EI) chose to locate an east-west track through the north side of Ullin. This railroad connected Marion to Thebes, Illinois. A massive wooden trestle measuring about 500' feet long and about an average of 65' feet tall was built to clear the Illinois Central Railroad. The center structure crossing the ICRR was made of iron. This trestle was located about 700' feet north of the ICRR Depot. Several photographs depict the ICRR Depot with the C&EI Trestle in the background. The Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad also built a depot on the east side of Ullin along the Butterridge Road (Ullin Avenue). It provided passenger, freight and mail service to Ullin from Marion, Illinois to Thebes, Illinois where it connected to several other routes. Some passengers would disembark at one depot and taken by Railroad employee Mr. Thornton (first name not known) to the other depot so they could catch a different train. Mr. Thornton would also transfer mail from one railroad to the other. The C&EI Depot was abandoned in the 1940's and razed. The Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad continued to use the line for freight trains until the mid 1970's. The trestle was removed in the early 1980's. All that remains of that railroad is the mounds of dirt that once supported what was called the "high track". As you come into Ullin from the north, on U. S. Highway 51, you pass through the concrete walls of what was once the C&EI Railroad overpass.
There are still several of Ullin's older citizens who have fond memories created in and around the Ullin Depot. Glenn "Bull" Kesler remembers playing marbles after school with other young boys during the 1930's along the south wall of the depot. Hundreds of school children from Ullin and the surrounding area remember catching "Engine number 25" at the Ullin Depot and riding it to Cairo where a school bus or family cars would bring them back. For most this was their first train ride and for many this was the only train ride they ever took. Other memories involve going to the Ullin Depot with grandparents, which are now gone, as are the old steam locomotives. One memory from the old depot involved a prank by the stationmaster Alonzo "Lon" Dale and a friend of his. They pretended to have a gunfight inside the freight area of the Ullin Depot while a frightened witness looked on. Only after the shooting stopped, and the smoke cleared, did the victim of the prank realize blank pistols had been used. This story drew laughs for years at the expense of the unsuspecting victim of the prank.
From the Civil War to the Korean War, many Ullin, and Ullin area boys left their home via the Ullin Depot. Groups of family members would gather around their son, brother, or grandson and bid them farewell as they traveled to all parts of the world. To those who were lucky enough to survive and come home, the Ullin Depot was a beautiful sight! Once the train slowed and they stepped off at the Ullin Depot, they knew they were finally home. There were some of Ullin's sons who were not so lucky. A few of Ullin's sons were brought home to the Ullin Depot via the railroad for their final resting-place. A monument is now erected only a short distance away from today's depot, paying tribute to those who were killed in war. Many tears of both sorrow and joy were shed in and around the Ullin Depot during these terrible days of war.
Sometimes, when bad winter weather struck, the Ullin Depot Station Master would allow school children who lived in the country, and could not get back home, to spend the night inside the passenger area. A coal burning "pot belly" stove was always stoked keeping the inside toasty warm. The depot made a perfect meeting place for many whom needed a place out of the environment to wait for a date or a friend.
On June 3, 1922 a young handsome couple arrived by train at the Ullin Depot from Makanda (just south of Carbondale). The two were married in a quiet ceremony by the local justice of the peace. They spent their honeymoon night across from the Ullin Depot in the Newell Hotel. The next day the newlyweds purchased their tickets back to Makanda and boarded a passenger train at the Ullin Depot, to begin their lives together. The couple was Wayman and Tressie Presley of Makanda. Several years later, Wayman become famous for his part in the creation of the Bald Knob Cross near Alto Pass and his founding of the Presley Tours business. Wayman was also featured on the Ralph Edwards show, "This is Your Life" in the 1960's. Fifty years later, on June 3, 1972, the couple and their families would return to Ullin for supper at Porky's Restaurant. This time the trip was made by car. That night, family members presented a skit re-enacting the 1922 train ride to Ullin and other highlights of the successful couples life.
During the winter of 1937, Southern Illinois and several other Ohio Valley States experienced some of the worst flooding this area has ever witnessed. All women and children of Cairo and other areas of Southern Illinois were evacuated to safer areas. Ullin suffered the worst flooding ever as the Cache River backed up because of the overflowing Ohio River. History has it that during the evacuation of people who lived the lower areas of Southern Illinois; two babies were born inside the Ullin Depot. Water did flood Ullin and damage several businesses in 1937, but the depot was positioned on high ground and survived. The depot (after being moved in 1972) would witness and narrowly escape two other floods in 1973 and 1986 before it would return to its original location.
The Ullin Depot has not only been witness to life; it has unfortunately witnessed at least two deaths. One death was a young boy named Bryan Freeze who played with a stick at the wheels of a northbound freight train when he failed to see an approaching southbound train. The train struck the young boy killing him instantly. The second death occurred when a northbound freight train struck a car driven by Barbara Ryan of Ullin. Her body was recovered on the railroad tracks beside the depot.
Over the years, the Ullin Depot has seen the passing of thousands of trains. It has been witness to the ever-changing technology from the wood and coal burning steam locomotives of the late 1800's to the modern diesel electric locomotives today. The building has been witness to and the passage of the historic Illinois Central Panama Limited, the City of Miami, and of course the fabled City of New Orleans. Ullin would be included in the lyrics of the famous song, "500 miles before the day is done".
By 1967, the Illinois Central Railroad chocolate and orange painted passenger trains stopped passenger service for Ullin. By this time, U. S. Highway 51 (built in 1924 as Illinois Route 2) and Interstate 57 served Ullin. The choice for personal transportation had shifted to the automobile. The end of an era had arrived for Ullin and several other communities. Since 1855 passenger trains had served this community and its citizens proudly. The Ullin Depot was closed a few years later and eventually sold to Wilborn Goines of Wetaug. In 1972, Goines sold the depot to William Bruchhauser who owned and operated the Phoenix Flour Mill. The Phoenix Flour Mill was located (west) just across the railroad tracks from the depot. The Kennedy, Kennedy and Kennedy Moving Company was contracted and moved the depot intact. It was placed at the north end of the mill as a warehouse, with the east side of the depot facing the railroad. No painting or structural changes were made on the building.
In the early morning hours of Labor Day of 1979, the Phoenix Flour Mill was set ablaze by an arsonist. The mill itself was an old structure that stood about 5 stories tall. It had served the farmers around Ullin since the turn of the century as they brought their corn, wheat, soybeans, and milo to market. The mill then shipped the grain by rail car to Chicago, New Orleans, and other markets. The structure was covered with corrugated galvanized metal, which made fire fighting almost impossible. The Ullin Volunteer Fire Department was assisted by several area volunteer fire departments. During peak of the fire, the south gable of the old depot caught fire! The fire was put out immediately and the damage was limited to the gable. The slightly charred wood is still visible today. The Phoenix Flour Mill was a total loss. William Brauchhauser moved his business across town where the old Myers Hotel (later known as the O'Hara Hotel) and Restaurant had once stood. Moving the old depot to the new location was too expensive, so it was abandoned.
During the late 1980's an effort was inquiry was made by the Ullin Civic Club to purchase the depot from Brauchhauser. A price was never agreed to and the subject was dropped. In August of 1997, the Illinois Central Railroad declared the depot abandoned since it was still upon their property (that had been leased by Brauchhauser but the lease had expired some years ago). The ICRR notified the Village of Ullin of their intent to destroy the structure. A group of concerned citizens from the Ullin Civic Club and members from the Ullin Village Board grouped together and petitioned the ICRR to defer its destruction of the historical building until financing could be arranged to move it.
The Illinois Central Railroad finally agreed to give the depot a reprieve from destruction for one month. A former Ullin resident and retired Ohio businessman, William H. Echols (who was last in the depot after W.W.II in 1945) loaned the Village of Ullin $17,000 dollars to move the building. In the meantime the Village of Ullin entered into a purchase agreement to buy the frontage property where the depot had been built in 1897. This purchase also included the area where the first two depots (1854 and 1869) had been built. The Ullin Depot (built 1897) had once again been given new life.
On December 3, 1997, the Ullin ICRR Depot was carefully returned to its original spot. The same company, Kennedy, Kennedy and Kennedy Moving Company, that moved it the first time, was hired to move it again. Moving the depot across an active railroad was a tedious job that involved perfect coordination by the contractor and the ICRR Company. The old depot was built with large hardwood timbers in 1897 and they held fast during the move. No damage was suffered during the move. Just minutes after the depot was placed back onto the property on which it was originally built, Illinois Central Freight Train, led by locomotive #6132, passed on the west side of the depot. It had been 25 years since a train passed on that side of the depot.
About two hundred yards south of the depot, the Illinois Central Railroad still serves the Ullin Fruit Belt Service Company via a spur rail line. This is part of the spur line that once served the sawmills of "days gone by". It is hoped that the old depot can once again serve the community of Ullin in a way that will allow those "days gone by" to never be forgotten.
The Ullin Depot has now been moved back to its' original site. It now silently awaits repair renovation and nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. It is a proud testament to an era gone by. That era brought settlement to the village of Ullin and the state of Illinois. Not only does the old wooden depot stand as a symbol of Ullin's heritage; it is an example of all the old wooden depots that served Illinois and the United States of America proudly at the turn of the century. The Ullin Depot is the only wooden depot still on the active Illinois Central Line in Southern Illinois. The closest depot on an active railroad is the brick depot in Carbondale, which was built in 1903. The Village of Ullin is very proud they have preserved their depot. They are very proud they have saved a piece of history.
On September 16, 1997, the Ullin Village Board of Trustees passed city ordinance 97-9 titled, "An ordnance for the protection and preservation of the Ullin - Illinois Central Railroad Depot". In Ordinance 97-9 and Resolution 97-10, the Ullin Village Board recognized the significance of the depot and designated it as an Ullin Community Landmark because of its contribution to culture and heritage of the surrounding area.
The 1990's have brought some positive signs of growth to Ullin and the surrounding area. The Tamms Supermax Prison was constructed just five miles west of Ullin. The city limits of Ullin have been extended east to include the businesses at the intersection of the Shawnee College Road and Interstate 57 at the 18-mile exit. Inside the eastern city limits near I-57 the Illinois State Police have built a new facility which houses their District 22 headquarters. In 1998 a Tri-County Justice and Detention Center was built next to the Illinois State Police Headquarters. Alexander, Pulaski, and Union Counties now house their prisoners here. A multi-unit retirement and life care home called the Cache Valley Assisted Living Apartments has been built near the old Ullin High School gymnasium. A gas station on Ullin's south edge has been remodeled and now houses an auto parts store. The Cache River Chevrolet has expanded its operation. The Ullin United Methodist Church has constructed a new church on the west side of Ullin called the Crossroads United Methodist Church. Ullin is very proud of its association with Shawnee Community College, located east of Ullin. The college is also continuing to develop its campus as new construction is underway. The Cache River, which played a significant role in Illinois' history, has been rediscovered in recent years because of its beauty and abundance of wildlife. The federal government has purchased several thousand acres of wetlands. The area is now called the Cypress Creek Wildlife Refuge. The Ducks Unlimited organization and a few others have also purchased acreage in the Ullin area surrounding the Cache River. The Cache River just east of Ullin is home to several bald cypress trees, which are thought to be the oldest on earth.
It would appear the new millenium will bring prosperity to Ullin and the surrounding area. It is only fitting that the depot which was constructed at the end of the 19th century and played such a significant role in the heritage of Illinois in general, and Ullin specifically, be preserved as a proud witness to the past. The Ullin ICRR Depot, built in 1897, has earned its place on the National Register of Historical Places.
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Echols, William H., Former Ullin Citizen. January 1998. Interviewed by Author.
Johnson, Margaret "Mac", Former Ullin Citizen. May 1998. Interviewed by Author.
Kesler, Glenn "Bull", Ullin Citizen. July 1998. Interviewed by Author.
Pulaski County Clerk's Records. Mound City, Illinois. July 1998.
Schremp, William, Writer and Railroad Historian. Carbondale, Illinois.
June 1998. Interviewed by Author.
Werner, Charles, Illinois Central Railroad Historical Society, Paxton, Illinois.
December, 1997. Personal memories and ICRR archives.
View of Ullin Train Depot .


text:
I'm Mad, kratki eksperimentalni redatelja Ivana Martinca. Snimljen u produkciji Kino kluba Split. Film je u boji.

Izvori

Hrvatski filmovi 1960-ih

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
ANCA: Kerry Honors 86th Anniversary of First Armenian Republic
June 22, 2004 June 22, 2004 Frangulian Shushan News
Armenian National Committee of America
888 17th St., NW, Suite 904
Turkish, Armenian envoys meet in bid to end chilly relation
Contact: Elizabeth S. Chouldjian
KERRY HONORS 86TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDING OF THE
FIRST ARMENIAN REPUBLIC
WASHINGTON, DC — In a statement released to the Armenian American
community, presumptive Democratic Presidential nominee John Kerry
marked the founding of the First Armenian Republic, established on May
28th, 1918, reported the Armenian National Committee of America (ANCA).
In his statement, Sen. Kerry noted that, "the first Republic of Armenia
rose 86 years ago from the ashes of the Armenian genocide, but was
partitioned soon afterwards. Yet, Armenians yearned for independence,
and seven decades later realized their dream of self- determination."
"Armenian Americans welcome John Kerry's celebration of the 86th
anniversary of the first Republic of Armenia," said Aram Hamparian,
Executive Director of the ANCA. "As a Senator with a twenty-year track
record of advocating for issues of importance to Armenian Americans,
John Kerry understands the tremendous challenges – first among them
the horrific toll of the Armenian Genocide – that the Armenian people
overcame in 1918 on the road to the establishment of the Armenian
Republic."
In April of this year, Sen. Kerry joined the Armenian American
community in marking the 89th Anniversary of the Armenian Genocide.
In a statement issued on April 22nd, Senator Kerry called "on
governments and people everywhere to formally recognize this
tragedy. Only by learning from this dark period of history and
working to prevent future genocides can we truly honor the memories
of those Armenians who suffered so unjustly." In the days prior to his
statement, Senator Kerry joined 22 of his Senate colleagues in calling
on President Bush to "refer to the mass slaughter of Armenians as
genocide in your commemorative statement." He was amongst the earliest
cosponsors of the Genocide resolution (S.Res.164), which marks the
15th anniversary of the U.S. implementation of the Genocide Convention.
Senator Kerry's complete record on Armenian American concerns is
posted on the Armenians For Kerry website
. The website includes previous statements by the Senator and provides
ways for Armenian American supporters to become active in the Kerry
campaign through donations or other volunteer efforts.
The congratulatory letter regarding the First Armenian Republic was
read at a Greater Washington, DC area celebration last Saturday night,
hosted by the ARF. The complete text of the statement follows.
Letter from John Kerry Honoring Armenia's First Independence
Tonight I join Armenian-Americans in proudly celebrating the Republic
of Armenia's day of independence. The first Republic of Armenia
I am proud of my work with the Armenian-American community including
my support for ending Azerbaijan's blockades of Armenia and Nagorno
Karabakh, for the Humanitarian Aid Corridor Act in 1996 and for
extending "permanent normal trade relations" (PNTR) to Armenia.
This evening I would also like to pay tribute to the Armenian-
Americans who have contributed so much to our great country.
Your hard work and strong values make our country a better place for
all Americans.
I hope you have a wonderful celebration and, of course, a very happy
www.anca.org
www.armeniansforkerry.com
Pioneer with a rainbow voice
In Karabakh Talks, Promise Of A Referendum In Return For Land
Recently Formed Armenian Community To Meet Today
In The Name Of Security Or Competition?: Military Base In Armenia St
BAKU: Araz Azimov: 'The Co-Chairs Are Precluding The Minsk Group Fro
Iran's position on Karabakh problem has not changed – envoy
Axe Killer Pardon Prompts War Cry
RFE/RL Iran Report – 12/12/2006
NATO: Why not really make Russia a partner?
BISNIS Outreach in Pittsburgh, PA on July 22, 2004

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Target shooting is the second most popular participant sport in the country.
Havant Rifle and Pistol Club has a long and distinguished record of target shooting at local, county, national and Olympic levels.
Membership is open to all, regardless of age, gender or ability.
With over three hundred and fifty members, Havant Rifle and Pistol Club caters for precision .22 rifle [prone, standing & kneeling], benchrerst [air & .22], light sporting rifle, air rifle (sporting and target), air pistol, muzzle-loading and gallery rifle shooting disciplines.
As a competitive target shooting club, members are expected to take part in competitions, these can be at club, local, county or national levels.
Visitors are welcome at 10:00 on Sundays to view the facility and watch the various forms of shooting. Please send your details to the club Secretary via the contact form to arrange a visit.


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text:
Gov. Phil Bryant introduced Brexit firm with Cambridge Analytica link to Ole Miss
A decision by Ole Miss to lease space to a British data firm has come under international scrutiny.
Gov. Phil Bryant introduced Brexit firm with Cambridge Analytica link to Ole Miss A decision by Ole Miss to lease space to a British data firm has come under international scrutiny. Check out this story on clarionledger.com: http://www.clarionledger.com/story/news/politics/2018/04/19/report-gov-phil-bryant-suggested-brexit-backers-set-up-data-shop-ole-miss/532644002/
, Clarion Ledger Published 11:53 a.m. CT April 19, 2018 | Updated 1:57 p.m. CT April 19, 2018
For years, Cisco's top and bottom line growth has inched downward. Are things finally beginning to change?(Photo: Getty Images)
A British firm that allegedly replicated Cambridge Analytica's controversial data mining tactics set up shop at the University of Mississippi after consulting with Gov. Phil Bryant, a spokesman for the Governor's Office confirmed Thursday.
Cambridge Analytica is the political data analysis firm hired by President Donald Trump's 2016 campaign that gained access to private information on more than 50 million Facebook users without their permission.
Brittany Kaiser, the former business development director for Cambridge Analytica, testified Tuesday before the British Parliament that the University of Mississippi partnered with a British group, Eldon Insurance, to use Facebook user data to create a new data research firm called Big Data Dolphins.
The online news website Magnolia State Live first reported the news Thursday morning that Bryant had suggested that Andrew Wigmore, communications director for the Leave.EU, the organization that successfully campaigned in 2016 for Britain to leave the European Union, set up the arrangement at Ole Miss.
The Clarion Ledger has previously reported on Bryant's friendship with Brexit backers, including U.K. Independence Party Leader Nigel Farage, whom Trump called "Mr. Brexit."
"Upon learning that Eldon Insurance was planning to begin a new research effort at the University of Scotland, Gov. Bryant suggested to Eldon leadership they should look into doing research at a Mississippi university," Knox Graham, a spokesman for Bryant said in a statement. "Ultimately, they were connected with the University of Mississippi. Gov. Bryant has full confidence in the University of Mississippi to make any decisions regarding their relationship with Eldon Insurance."
Eldon Insurance acted as a guarantor for the Big Data Dolphins group in its leasing agreement with Ole Miss.
Testifying before Parliament as to whether Cambridge Analytica was involved with the Leave.EU campaign, Kaiser said the company merely made a pitch but never worked for the group.
More: New Brexit book: Bryant arranged Trump-Farage hookup
However, Kaiser also said that two Leave.EU leaders took the idea of her pitch and used data from two insurance companies to partner with Ole Miss and start their own company.
"Arron Banks and Andy Wigmore have told multiple individuals that they took my proposal and copied it and they created their own Cambridge Analytica, which they called Big Data Dolphins in partnership with the data science department at the University of Mississippi," Kaiser said.
She told lawmakers that, in an atmosphere where data abuse was rife, she believed the leadership of the Leave.EU campaign combined data from members of the U.K. Independence Party and from the customers of two insurance companies, Eldon Insurance and GoSkippy Insurance.
The university rejected Kaiser's allegation.
"The assertion that the University of Mississippi has received or analyzed any data from these companies is not true," Alice Clark, vice chancellor for university relations, said in a statement emailed Tuesday to The Associated Press.
On Wednesday, however, the university acknowledged that it had leased a space to Big Data Dolphins Ltd. in the university's research park, Insight Park, in February.
"Space in the research park is leased to outside entities based on the expectation of establishing a research or educational relationship with the university," spokesman Ryan Whittington said in a statement. "No research or educational relationship has been established with either of these companies and the space is not occupied. Any proposed research agreement between UM and an external entity is always carefully vetted by the university to ensure compliance with all applicable laws and policies."
Wigmore, also called Kaiser's statements a "litany of lies."
Thursday morning the online news website magnoliastatelive.com reported that Gov. Phil Bryant suggested that Wigmore set up the arrangement at Ole Miss.
This story will be updated.
Contact Bracey Harris at 601-961-7248 or bharris2@gannett.com. Follow her on Twitter.
Read or Share this story: http://www.clarionledger.com/story/news/politics/2018/04/19/report-gov-phil-bryant-suggested-brexit-backers-set-up-data-shop-ole-miss/532644002/
Copperhead snake in tree bites hunter on head
Jay-Z, Yo Gotti sue Mississippi prison officials
VA will make new prosthetic legs for MS veteran
12-year sentence for cellphone in jail upheld
Pearl River's near-historic crest prediction lowered slightly
MS dam failing: County OKs plan to drain lake, sinkhole found


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Jessica is a second year PhD student and is a member of the MOBS Lab. Her current research involves modeling how complex networks affect the spread of information or behavior. She received her bachelor's degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where she majored in Mathematics and Communication Studies.


text:
Meetings Coverage and Press Releases
Meetings Coverage
SG/SM/19759-ENV/DEV/1997
'Climate Emergency Is the Fight of Our Lives, for Our Lives', Secretary-General Tells Summit, Urging That No More New Coal Power Plants Be Built after 2020
Following are UN Secretary‑General António Guterres' closing remarks at the 2019 Climate Action Summit, in New York today:
In planning this Summit, I had one overriding objective. This had to be a Summit of action plans, not platitudes. I thank you for delivering. You understand that climate emergency is the fight of our lives, and for our lives. I thank young people around the world for leading the charge and holding my generation accountable.
We have been losing the race against the climate crisis. But the world is waking up. Pressure is building. Momentum is growing. And, action by action, the tide is turning. Today, in this Hall, the world saw clear ambition and concrete initiatives.
Let me be specific about just a few. Seventy‑seven countries — many in the industrialized world — committed to net zero carbon emissions by 2050. They were joined by 10 regions and more than 100 cities, including several of the world's largest. Seventy countries announced they will boost their national determined contributions by 2020.
Well over 100 leaders in the private sector committed to accelerating their move into the green economy. A group of the world's largest asset owners — responsible for directing more than $2 trillion — committed to move to carbon‑neutral investment portfolios by 2050.
Multilateral and national development banks have increased their pledges. The International Development Finance Club announced that it will mobilize $1 trillion in clean energy funding by 2025 in 20 least developed countries. The Club will also promote carbon neutrality by reducing fossil fuels in portfolios and define exit strategies from coal financing.
One hundred and thirty banks — one third of the global banking sector — signed up to align their businesses with the Paris Agreement on climate change objectives and the Sustainable Development Goals.
All of this, in addition to the clear call by asset managers representing nearly half the world's invested capital — some $34 trillion — who are demanding urgent climate action and calling on global leaders to put a meaningful price on carbon and phase out fossil fuel subsidies and thermal coal power worldwide.
I want to once again salute those countries that have already increased their climate finance support, especially those that have doubled their contributions to the Green Climate Fund.
Today, others went even beyond doubling their overall climate finance commitment. We absolutely must guarantee the implementation of the commitment by developed countries to mobilize $100 billion a year from private and public sources by 2020 for mitigation and adaptation in developing countries.
I call on all Governments to provide a stronger mandate for climate and Sustainable Development Goals to their national and regional public financial institutions in order for that to be achievable.
I was deeply moved by many examples of inspiring leadership from countries that have done the least to contribute to the climate crisis. Small island States together committed to carbon neutrality and to move to 100 per cent renewable energy by 2030.
We saw new initiatives to unlock the power of nature, including by conserving 30 per cent of the Earth's land and waters by 2030, and protecting the Central African Forest and the 60 million people who depend on it. More than 150 nature‑based solutions to cut carbon emissions were announced. I welcome many concrete new initiatives to make buildings and transport cleaner and greener.
More than 2,000 cities committed to putting climate risk at the centre of decision‑making, creating 1,000 bankable, climate‑smart urban projects. Many countries around the world — from Pakistan to Guatemala, Colombia to Nigeria, New Zealand to Barbados — made major commitments today to plant more than 11 billion trees.
We learned more about major advances in energy efficiency and cooling, and about a huge step up from leaders in key sectors like shipping and heavy industry who are charting a course for carbon neutrality by 2050, namely with the Getting to Zero Coalition of the maritime industry. The list goes on.
You have delivered a boost in momentum, cooperation and ambition. But we have a long way to go. We are not yet there. Much more is needed to reach carbon neutrality by 2050 and keep temperature rise to 1.5°C by the end of the century.
We need more concrete plans, more ambition from more countries and more businesses. We need all financial institutions, public and private, to choose, once and for all, the green economy. And we need to see much more progress on carbon pricing and ending coal and other fossil fuel subsidies in the months to come.
Here at this Summit, the Powering Past Coal Alliance expanded to include 30 countries, 22 States or regions, and 31 corporations. They are committed to stop building new coal power plants by 2020 and quickly move to renewable energy, phasing out coal for good.
But the large number of coal power plants still projected to be built are a looming threat to us all and can undermine our global efforts for carbon neutrality. I repeat my appeal: no new coal power plants should be built after 2020.
December's United Nations climate conference in Santiago is our next critical milestone. I will be there. And I thank President [Sebastián] Piñera [Echeñique] for his determination in keeping up the momentum.
As the world moves, the United Nations itself is committed to walking the talk. We have instituted a new rule at United Nations Headquarters: no single‑use plastics. The United Nations Secretariat has committed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 25 per cent by 2025 and 45 per cent by 2030; and to source 40 per cent of our electricity from renewable energy [by] 2025, and 80 per cent [by] 2030.
And I am pleased to say that the United Nations Pension Fund, which manages $68 billion in assets and is autonomous in its management, announced today that it will divest from investments in publicly traded companies in the coal energy sector and will not make any new investments in it.
Going forward, I am asking the entire United Nations system to support more countries, businesses and organizations to join today's initiatives and ramp up actions and ambition. We are united behind this cause and in this spirit I invite the Deputy Secretary‑General and heads of the United Nations family to join me on stage.
But in between, dear friends, I want to tell you clearly: we can win this race. You can count on me to be on the front lines, pushing and prodding for climate action every step of the way.
Environmental issues and sustainable development
For information media. Not an official record.
Round-up of the Security Council's activities
New York, Jan-Dec 2020
Main part of the 75th session of the General Assembly
New York, Sep-Dec 2020
High-Level Meetings of the 75th General Assembly
New York, 21 Sep-2 Oct 2020
Daily Noon Briefing
From Madagascar, the United Nations is issuing a flash appeal for $76 million to support more than 1 million people in the south who face a potentially life-threatening lack of food, nutrition, water and sanitation, and health assistance due to the region's worst drought in 10 years coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Latest Noon Briefings
Media Alert
UN News
UNIFEED
Spokesperson for the Secretary-General
Latest Noon Briefing
A–Z Site Index


President Donald Trump called on Christine Blasey Ford to testify before the Senate Judiciary Committee about her claim that Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh attempted to sexually assault her as a teenager.
But he also dismissed the idea that the FBI should investigate the incident, something Blasey Ford had called for before she testifies.
On Tuesday, Blasey Ford's lawyers sent a letter to the Senate Judiciary Committee saying that while she wants to cooperate with the panel, "an FBI investigation of the incident should be the first step in addressing her allegations." But Senate Republicans have signaled that if Ford wants to testify, she'd have to do it next week, not after the lengthy delay an FBI investigation would cause. "Monday is her opportunity," Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said Tuesday.
Trump echoed that argument, saying that the FBI doesn't investigate claims like Blasey Ford's and noting that Kavanaugh has passed previous vettings for federal posts.
A Justice Department spokesperson said that the FBI forwarded a letter it received about Blasey Ford's allegation to the White House counsel's office under guidelines for conducting background checks, telling CNN that the allegation "does not involve any potential federal crime." There is precedent, however. During Justice Clarence Thomas' confirmation, the George H.W. Bush White House asked the FBI to investigate claims of sexual harassment made by Anita Hill.
Trump signaled that he was open to a delay in the confirmation process after Blasey Ford recently accused Kavanaugh of sexual assault back when they were both in high school. But he also seemed to support Republican arguments that the confirmation vote should move ahead quickly, noting that they'd already delayed the vote a week.


text:
US EPA To Change into The Environmental Justice Company. – Watts Up With That?
By Mans Life Daily On Sep 5, 2021
How EPA employees feel about themselves with the release of the report.
Roger Caiazza sent me the email below. It speaks for itself.
Subject: EPA Report Shows Disproportionate Impacts of Climate Change on Socially Vulnerable Populations
EPA Report Shows Disproportionate Impacts of Climate Change on Socially Vulnerable Populations in the United States
WASHINGTON (Sept. 2, 2021) — A new EPA analysis released today shows that the most severe harms from climate change fall disproportionately upon underserved communities who are least able to prepare for, and recover from, heat waves, poor air quality, flooding, and other impacts. EPA's analysis indicates that racial and ethnic minority communities are particularly vulnerable to the greatest impacts of climate change. Climate Change and Social Vulnerability in the United States: A Focus on Six Impact Sectors is one of the most advanced environmental justice studies to date that looks at how projected climate change impacts may be distributed across the American public.
"The impacts of climate change that we are feeling today, from extreme heat to flooding to severe storms, are expected to get worse, and people least able to prepare and cope are disproportionately exposed," said EPA Administrator Michael S. Regan "This report punctuates the urgency of equitable action on climate change. With this level of science and data, we can more effectively center EPA's mission on achieving environmental justice for all."
EPA's new, peer-reviewed report shows the degree to which four socially vulnerable populations— defined based on income, educational attainment, race and ethnicity, and age—may be more exposed to the highest impacts of climate change. The report quantifies six types of impacts, including those to health from changes in air quality and extreme temperature, disruptions to weather-exposed workers, and flooding threats to property.
Key findings of the report include:
It is arduous sufficient to dam the sunshine from…
British sports activities star refuses to fly to…
In keeping with simulations, the Milky Manner is…
That Black and African American individuals are projected to face higher impacts of climate change for all six impacts analyzed in this report, compared to all other demographic groups. For example, with 2°C (3.6°F) of global warming, Black and African American individuals are:
34% more likely to currently live in areas with the highest projected increases in childhood asthma diagnoses. This rises to 41% under 4°C (7.2°F) of global warming.
40% more likely to currently live in areas with the highest projected increases in extreme temperature related deaths. This rises to 59% under 4°C of global warming.
That Hispanics and Latinos have high participation in weather-exposed industries, such as construction and agriculture, which are especially vulnerable to the effects of extreme temperatures. With 2°C (3.6°F) of global warming, Hispanic and Latino individuals are 43% more likely to currently live in areas with the highest projected reductions in labor hours due to extreme temperatures. With regards to transportation, Hispanic and Latino individuals are about 50% more likely to currently live in areas with the highest estimated increases in traffic delays due to increases in coastal flooding.
This significant study represents an important milestone in understanding the future impacts of climate change on different American populations, especially under resourced communities. Due to data and modeling limitations, this study is limited to the contiguous U.S. Future work will enhance both the coverage of other important areas, such as Hawaii and Alaska, and will explore additional impact sectors and measures of social vulnerability.
Today's analysis will help further efforts being taken by the Biden Administration across the Federal government to advance environmental justice and to address the disproportionate impacts that climate change is having on vulnerable communities. During his first weeks in office, President Biden issued Executive Order 14008 on Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad, which established the first-ever White House Environmental Justice Advisory Council, the White House Environmental Justice Interagency Council, and the Justice40 Initiative. Through the Justice40 Initiative, the Federal government is, for the first time in history, working to ensure that at least 40-percent of climate and clean energy investment benefits flow to disadvantaged communities.
Access the report: https://www.epa.gov/cira/social-vulnerability-report
Information about climate change: https://www.epa.gov/climate-change
Information about environmental justice: https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice
The US goes to Labor Day with Covid vaccines, however with a a lot worse outbreak than it was in 2020
In dismantling Miami, Alabama exhibits that it's nonetheless the strongest workforce in faculty soccer


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Theater|Ophelia and Friends, Dominated but in Control
Ophelia and Friends, Dominated but in Control
Richard Schechner's 'Imagining O'
View Slide Show ›
Hiroyuki Ito for The New York Times
Imagining O
NYT Critic's Pick
Off Off Broadway, Experimental/Perf. Art, Play
Closing Date: Sept. 13, 2014
Montclair State University - Alexander Kasser Theater, 1 Normal Ave.
By Laura Collins-Hughes
MONTCLAIR, N.J. — Tall and imposing in a long, strapless dress, a young man in a feathered mask towered behind the avant-garde director Richard Schechner, who was threatening his audience on Wednesday night. His exhilarating and erotic new production, "Imagining O," was about to start.
Standing in the lobby of the Alexander Kasser Theater at Montclair State University, Mr. Schechner, 80, promised to destroy any cellphones used during the performance, which abounds with naked female flesh. Then he would throw the users out. "I come from a family of lawyers, so you're welcome to sue me," he said.
It was an apt display of pugnacious dominance and, from the audience, an implied submission to the rules of "Imagining O," which meshes Shakespeare with "Story of O," Pauline Réage's 1954 novel of willing sexual slavery. As for the masked man, the only male actor in the cast of 14, he was the Owl (Parker Denton), and Mr. Schechner instructed us to obey him at all times.
We needed the guidance. This provocative, confident, sometimes cacophonous production is a sprawling, ambulatory affair — an exploration of power dynamics in both sex and theater. Presented by Peak Performances and constructed largely from borrowed texts, it takes spectators onto the stage and into its wings, through stairwells and tucked-away spaces, outdoors and back inside again.
We watch, and sometimes take part in, a succession of intimate vignettes. When sitting is an option, it may well be on the floor. But there will be no ogling from a distance in the dark. This is immersive theater with a purpose, knocking the audience off balance to create a safe zone for the actors. What's strange, and surely deliberate, is how safe it comes to feel for us, too.
Twinning Réage's character O with Shakespeare's Ophelia, each of whom is played by multiple actors, this East Coast Artists production was conceived by Mr. Schechner and is directed by him and Benjamin Mosse. But what makes it thrilling is how thoroughly in control the women are. Even performing scenes of degradation, these actors are not themselves degraded. Strength and defiance are defining elements.
There is humor, too. In a space called the Balthus Room, decadently draped with women in various stages of dress and undress, a very young-looking, pajama-clad blond woman (Calista Small) reads delightedly from Réage's novel in an adolescent cadence that clashes hilariously with the words.
On a pair of video screens suspended backstage, Ophelia (Gabriela Moreno) chats with the author of the "Story of O" (Melissa Krodman), one talking head on each oversize screen. "They say the owl was a baker's daughter," Ophelia informs her. "Pardon?" the novelist replies.
There's something else Ophelia tells her, and it's at the heart of "Imagining O." We hear it again later, spoken by a chorus of Ophelias at the evening's bleak and glorious crescendo, and it urges us to consider who created certain notions we hold about women — about agency, desire and surrender. "I was not born," she says. "I was written."
"Imagining O" is a rewrite, and it is powerful.
Montclair State University - Alexander Kasser Theater
1 Normal Ave.
peakperfs.org
This information was last updated on Aug. 27, 2018
"Imagining O" continues through Saturday at the Alexander Kasser Theater at Montclair State University, 1 Normal Avenue, Montclair, N.J.; 973-655-5112, peakperfs.org.
A version of this article appears in print on , Section C, Page 2 of the New York edition with the headline: Ophelia and Friends, Dominated but in Control. Order Reprints | Today's Paper | Subscribe
Still Dealing in Intimacy After All These Years


IPU Group has acquired the Fuel Conditioning division of Nottingham-based Filtertechnik Ltd. The acquisition reflects IPU's confidence that the market for fuel conditioning will continue its strong growth.
The need for fuel conditioning is becoming better understood in both the private and public sectors. Organisations realise that stored diesel decays over time and are taking measures to protect themselves against the debilitating effects of contamination: power failure, damaged engines and business disruption.
IPU and Filtertechnik offer complementary product lines, providing customers with the best of both worlds. The purchase adds a rental fleet and large tank units to IPU's existing range of polishing units and on-site testing and cleaning services.
Filtertechnik product lines such as the Particle Pal diagnostic unit, DFU and OTU fuel polishing systems will, for the time being, run alongside IPU ranges such as ClearTank and Diesel Defence.
Manufacturing activities will move to IPU's HQ in West Bromwich. Key operational staff from Filtertechnik will also make the move to IPU. This preserves the vital skills, relationships and experience that underpinned Filtertechnik's success.
Mike Benzies, Filtertechnik's Business Development Director, will become the Director of IPU's Fuel Conditioning Division. He commented: "Filtertechnik's unique strengths lay in fuel testing, rental and overseas markets. Combining these with IPU's expertise in the design and manufacture of polishing systems will give our customers a complete and unrivalled service offering".
Robert Beebee, Managing Director of IPU said: "This combined operation will make us the clear leader in the industry. Filtertechnik has a strong reputation in the testing and rental markets so this will open up a wide range of new opportunities for us".
Filtertechnik will continue as a supplier of filters and cleanup systems to the hydraulics industry. Please see the website for more information filtertechnik.co.uk.
For more information on IPU's Fuel Division, please visit: http://www.ipu.co.uk/fuel.


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Arbitragedy
This weekend I saw "Arbitrage", the feature directing debut of Nicholas Jarecki (he also wrote the screenplay). It was quite good — with Richard Gere, Tim Roth, Stuart Margolin and Nate Parker much more than merely good — until the final plot twist.
At that point, mere minutes from the end, character coherence and believability were thrown out, all subtlety was sacrificed, and we were asked to believe that one of the principal characters had suddenly transformed into a psychotic villain from a bad B movie.
When this happened, I could feel the audience deflating around me, everyone in the theatre simultaneously saying to themselves "What the F—?!?!".
From the perspective of "an American commercial movie", it was clear why this choice was made. The idiotic plot twist conveniently balanced out the "moral scales" in a way that a movie studio would think an audience would like. It made complete sense in terms of formula. Just not in terms of the actual film we had been watching.
I would like to think that Jarecki was not responsible for this betrayal of what had been, up to that point, a well constructed movie. I would like to think that his movie was hijacked by rewrite demands from some clueless suit at Lions Gate Entertainment flushed with arrogance at the recent commercial success of "The Hunger Games".
At least, that's what I would like to think. It would be too awful to think that the writer himself simply destroyed his own story.
Orgone Box
This week I went to the Ghosts in the Machine exhibition a the New Museum, which traces the history of the relationship between machines and art. When I walked into the room that contained one of Wilhelm Reich's Orgone Boxes, I found myself riveted, but it took me a while to understand why.
Eventually it came to me that the Orgone Box — a therapy tool based upon spending time within a metal-lined wooden box to focus sexual energy as a way toward general well-being — epitomizes to me a peculiar trend in American culture, a trend that peaked around forty years ago.
Until around the mid 60's, technological progress in the U.S. was seen as an unambiguously good thing. Then Vietnam happened, and advanced technology began to be associated by liberal intellectuals with a larger pattern of brutal and unjustifiable military intervention.
This caused an odd split. Young liberals began to reject actual science and replace it with pseudo-science (some new, and some recycled). Nutty ideas like Toth pyramids, ESP, theories of alien visitors and Orgone Boxes became all the rage. Cause and effect as well as evidence-based reasoning were rejected by many young liberals, replaced by a kind of "Cargo Cult" version of science.
Now, forty years later, things have shifted dramatically. Liberals embrace the scientific community and its careful adherence to evidence-based reasoning, whereas political conservatives take an anti-intellectual stance (or, in the startling case of Rick Santorum, an anti-intelligence stance). The Tea Party rejects the carefully accumulated evidence for climate change, and even the overwhelming evidence for evolution.
So the liberals are now on the side of science, and the conservatives are on the side of anti-science — a complete reversal from forty years ago.
I wonder whether this is a cyclic phenomenon. Perhaps every 80 years or so liberalism coincides with respect for evidence-based science. Just a thought.
September haiku
Friday, September 28th, 2012
Summer drifted by
One day, upon a cool breeze,
As though in a dream
When Autumn swept in
All across Washington Square
Flurries of young minds
Catching the glass
There is a by now familiar scene in the overall genre of pop magical realism in which our hero, who only we know is secretly a superhero, or an alien, or a vampire, or a slayer of vampires, or maybe is just cyber-enhanced by a neurologically-linked titanium alloy nanowire endoskeleton, finds his or herself at a social gathering, perhaps a cocktail party.
As a rule, this party must be the antithesis of the heroic. Rather than flying through the air to head off a fiery atomic missile mere minutes from downtown Chicago, or stoically enduring a lone vigil in outer space, or perhaps just fighting off a swarm of hideous flesh eating daemons spawned in the very bowels of Hell, our hero must do something truly frightening — make small talk.
And then it happens. Amid the uncomfortable ties and the little black dresses and the unidentifiable canapés, somebody drops a glass. Normally this would result in shattered glass everywhere, but not this time.
In a movement far too rapid to be tracked by the unaided eye, our hero reaches out a hand and snatches said glass deftly in mid-fall. The undamaged crystaline container is thereupon handed nonchalantly to its former possessor, a fetching young person of opposite gender, who inevitably gapes at our hero with astonished admiration, while mentally rearranging her/his plans for the end of the evening.
The problem with this picture is that if you were actually a super being mingling incognito with the cocktail crowd, you would never catch the glass. Of course you could catch the glass, but that would blow your cover.
In a truly enlightened moment of pop culture, our hero would — in elegant slo-mo — start to catch the glass, then think better of it, then deliberately miss the glass, allowing it to shatter uselessly to the floor. This is clearly the only way to avoid detection by that sinister looking bald headed gentleman at the punch bowl who even now is plotting world domination and/or destruction.
I mean, this is obvious, right? And yet you never see this. Now why is that, can somebody please tell me?
Make a mess, clean it up
In the last few days I did a flurry of computer programming. There was an idea I wanted to try out, so I just threw together a solution as fast as I could — essentially with rubber bands and krazy glue. At some point it started to work, but of course it was all a complete mess under the hood.
Here's the thing: Programming is a little like rock climbing. You can reach out an arm or a leg to pull yourself up and gain a higher purchase, but you can't extend all your limbs at once. Translated into programming, this means that you can only afford to make one mess at a time. Then you need to clean up.
So after my flurry of activity, I proceeded to turn the mess I had made into something clean. It still looked the same on the surface, but underneath everything was now tidy, ordered and properly labeled. And perhaps more important, some of the components under the hood have become shiny new tools that I can use for other things.
Which means I can now go ahead and make another mess. 🙂
I had a memory today from when I was eight years old. At the time, my parents owned a big old upright piano. It wasn't very good, but it had an extremely large sound. Once a week the piano teacher would come to give lessons to my brother and me. She was an old German woman, very strict and always serious. The only music she ever taught was Schumann — the Kinderszenen and Album für die Jugend — which she encouraged us to play as loudly as possible.
In those years, our family would spend July and August in the Catskill Mountains, where my brother and I would often try, with paper cups, to scoop guppies from the creek near our summer cottage. The few we caught were cherished, and at summer's end these would always ended up in a glass bowl on top of that piano. Sometimes the piano was so loud that a guppy would jump clear out of the bowl, and flop around on top of the piano until we put it back.
Once I found a dead guppy behind the piano, and I felt incredibly sad. I knew even then that guppies do not like Schumann. At least, not the way we played it!
Happy birthday Jim!
Today is Jim Henson's birthday, and though the man himself, sadly, is not here with us to enjoy it, his wonderful and influential legacy lives on.
You probably know of Jim Henson only from his work with the Muppets. This all by itself was a groundbreaking advance, one now so familiar that we generally take it for granted. After all, the many innovations that went into Henson's Muppets — advances such as placing the camera in the moving puppet's eye plane, having puppeteers "act for the camera" (while looking into a monitor), abandoning the traditional marionette for a far more expressive soft puppet — led to the first true mass success for puppetry, the first time puppetry truly became an integral part of the twentieth century broadcast revolution.
But there was a lot more to Jim Henson than his most well known success. He was one of those restless geniuses who keeps inventing and reinventing, always coming up with new genres and ways of seeing. To take just one example, you were probably not aware of his wonderful surrealist short film Time Piece. In 1966 it was nominated for an Academy Award. I think it should have won.
Springsteen on the Beach
Sunday, September 23rd, 2012
Someone I'm very close to went this weekend to see the revival at the Brooklyn Academy of Music of "Einstein on the Beach", the 1976 formalist opera by Philip Glass and Robert Wilson. I could have seen it too, but found myself not so strongly motivated.
Theatre works built on pure formalism don't always work for me — especially, as in this case, if the experience lasts longer than four hours. While I respect the concept, my limit for experiencing abstract performance at BAM doesn't always veer very far to the other side of Pina Bausch.
So this weekend I went to see a very different performance, also more than four hours long — Bruce Springsteen at the Meadowlands. On the continuum between formalist and romantic art, Springsteen is the epitome of the romantic end of the spectrum. The man can work a crowd better than Bill Clinton, and he had the audience in sheer heaven every moment.
When you attend a Springsteen concert, you become caught up in raw primal emotion — all the ecstasy of a Gospel revival with none of the Original Sin. In Springsteen's world, we are all saints and sinners both. His songs are stories of how those two states of being coexist, and how that heady mixture makes us beautiful.
So there you have it — two people making very different concert choices on the same weekend, both of us highly aware of the difference between appreciating a work of art and loving it. Then again, there are places where our respective tastes coincide splendidly.
For example, in a few months we will be attending a performance together that is, arguably, in the precise center of the dialectic between BAM and The Boss: We are going to see Leonard Cohen.
Geometric intuition
Saturday, September 22nd, 2012
I went to a talk yesterday given by an eminent mathematician. He spoke on two related topics, one of which I listened to avidly, and the other I ended up completely tuning out.
From the perspective of the speaker the two topics were strongly related to each other. Yet from my perspective they couldn't have been more different.
The difference was that for the topic I liked, I could form a geometric model in my head of the fundamental argument. Once I saw this geometry, everything became intuitive. I could play with it in my head, test the ideas for myself, and try out variations of his argument.
For the other topic, as far as I could tell, there was no geometric intuition — the arguments seemed purely symbolic. Intellectually, I could see how it might be interesting, but emotionally I felt no connection.
I guess it's a good thing I'm in the field of computer graphics. 🙂
Friday, September 21st, 2012
I've been working on a new kind of computer interface, and having a great time doing it. It's kind of my "shiny new toy". When I was six years old I felt the same way about a plastic dinosaur. Only now I get to make the dinosaur myself.
At some point a few days ago I reached a kind of impasse, not sure what next to add to my little project. Feeling restless, I went back and started playing with a completely unrelated project, something I'd worked on years before. Immediately I saw problems with the old project, and wanted to fix them.
Then it occurred to me — I could add things to the new project that would let me use it to tweak the old project. Suddenly my current project had renewed purpose and meaning, and it was clear to me what to add to it next.
It seems to me there is an important principle at work here. If you get stuck on something, the most productive solution might be to work on something completely different — something that will get your mind thinking in different ways and get you unstuck.
Sometimes the best way forward is sideways.
You are currently browsing the Ken's Blog blog archives for September, 2012.


He fought in legions in the First World War, where he published a regimental magazine, cartoons and drawings, also published in the magazine Houpačky in Siberia. In 1920 he returned, painted the moody landscape, still-life and legendary memories and stay in Siberia. His painting was decorative. He independently exhibited in 1929 and 1931 in Velvary.


This article, Series Ice, is the sole property of Superjokertv and cannot be used, edited, or referenced without his permission, with the exception of collaboration articles, whereas terms listed above are unserviceable.
The Twilight Series Ice Terminator, or simply T-Ice, is a variant of the Series Zero Terminator mass-produced by Knightnet. The T-Ice unit is an upgrade to the T-Zero and Knightnet's main battle force since 2030.
The T-Ice Unit have the ability to adapted to cold conditions and to reduce the temperature of matter, causing it to freeze.


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Copper a clue in the fight against cancer
by Chalmers University of Technology
(A) Structure of Memo1 (PDB: 3BCZ), with the putative metal-binding site, side chains of His (49, 81, and 192), Asp (189), and Cys (244) in red, orange, and blue stick representation. (B) Redox cycling of Cu(II)/Cu(I) is fueled by reducing agents (here, ascorbate acid) in aerobic conditions that result in the production of toxic ROS (shown in red color) from nontoxic molecular oxygen, O2 (shown in blue), such as superoxide radicals (O2•−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and hydroxide ions (−OH). (C) Cu(I)-BCA2 competition assay with Memo1 at strict anaerobic conditions. Absorption spectra of Cu(I)-BCA2 (10 µM) as a function of additions of Memo1 (0.25 to 1.25 molar ratio of Memo1 to Cu(I)). All of the spectra were analyzed after background subtraction. (D) Normalized absorbance at 562 nm plotted as a function of added Memo1 (x-axis given as Memo1 to Cu(I) ratio in the sample, Cu(I) concentration is 10 µM). Data from three independent experiments are included. Results for the best fits of Eq. 2 (Materials and Methods, SI Appendix) assuming one (black), two (red), or three (blue) independent Cu(I) site per Memo1 protein. The R2 values for fits assuming 1, 2, or 3 Cu(I) per protein are 0.83, 0.97, and 0.90, respectively. (E) Absorption spectra of 5 µM Memo1 premixed with 2:1 molar ratio of Cu(I) (10 µM) at anaerobic conditions, following the additions of BCA (2.5 to 50 molar ratio of BCA over Cu(I)). Cu(I)-BCA2 (10 µM) shown for reference. All of the spectra were analyzed after background subtraction. (F) Absorbance at 562 nm of BCA titrations (2.5 to 50 molar ratio of BCA over Cu(I)) to premixed samples of 10 µM Cu(I) mixed with 3.3 µM (3 Cu per protein), 5 µM (2 Cu per protein), and 10 µM (1 Cu per protein) Memo1. The error bars represent the SD for the average of three independent measurements. Credit: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2022). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2206905119
For cancer cells to grow and spread around the human body, they need proteins that bind copper ions. New research about how cancer-related proteins bind the metal and how they interact with other proteins, opens up potential new drug targets in the fight against cancer.
Human cells need small amounts of the metal copper to be able to carry out vital biological processes. Studies have shown that the level of copper in tumor cells and blood serum from cancer patients is elevated, and the conclusion is that cancer cells need more copper than healthy cells. Higher levels of copper also mean more active copper-binding proteins.
"Therefore, these proteins are highly important to study when it comes to understanding the development of cancer and deeper knowledge about them can lead to new targets for treatment of the disease," says Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede, professor of chemical biology at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
Most cancer-related deaths are due to the fact that metastases—secondary tumors—form in several places in the body, for example, in the liver or lungs. A protein called Memo1 is part of the signaling systems that cancer cells use to grow and spread around the body. Previous research has shown that when the gene for Memo1 is inactivated in breast cancer cells, their ability to form metastases decreases.
The red cancer cell uses the white protein Memo1 to bind the green copper ions. Credit: Yen Strandqvist, Chalmers University of Technology
A research group from Chalmers wanted to take a closer look at the connection between Memo1 and copper. In a new study published in the scientific journal PNAS, the researchers examined the Memo1 protein's ability to bind copper ions through a series of test tube experiments.
They discovered that the protein binds copper, but only the reduced form of copper. It is this form of copper ions that is most common in living cells. It's an important discovery because reduced copper, while it is needed in the body, also contributes to redox-reactions that damage—or even kill—the cells. The researchers found that when Memo1 interacted with copper, the metal's toxic redox reactions were blocked.
"This poses a risk for the tumor to be dependent on a lot of copper because it can provoke chemical reactions that are harmful to the cancer cells. We believe that Memo1, by binding copper when needed, protects the cancer cells so that they can continue to live and spread," says Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede, who is one of the study's lead authors.
The researchers also saw that Memo1 can form a complex with another copper-binding protein found in our cells—Atox1. It is a copper transporter inside human cells and the research team has previously shown that Atox1, with the help of copper, contributes to breast cancer cells being able to move and form metastases. Overall, the findings in the new study mean that copper and copper-binding proteins could be targets for future cancer treatment.
"We saw how copper ions could transfer between the proteins Memo1 and Atox1 in test tubes, and when we looked in breast cancer cells, we found that the two proteins were close to each other in space. Based on this, we conclude that the exchange of copper between these proteins can take place in cancer cells as well as in test tubes and thus be of biological relevance," says Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede.
The researchers now want to move forward with determining the copper ion binding sites in Memo1, and how the presence of copper affects Memo1's activities in cancer development.
"When we expand our basic knowledge of the role of copper-binding proteins in cancer cells, we also open the door to new treatments," says Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede.
More information: Xiaolu Zhang et al, Memo1 binds reduced copper ions, interacts with copper chaperone Atox1, and protects against copper-mediated redox activity in vitro, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2022). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2206905119
Journal information: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Provided by Chalmers University of Technology
Citation: Copper a clue in the fight against cancer (2022, November 10) retrieved 30 January 2023 from https://phys.org/news/2022-11-copper-clue-cancer.html
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With the credit bureaus' new National Consumer Assistance Plan (NCAP) hot on our heels, it's starting to look like these future changes could actually improve millions of U.S. credit scores. While a score boost definitely rears in the rental applicants' favor, these new standards might be a little disconcerting for landlords and real estate agents where tax liens and civil judgments play an important role in the rental decision.
NCAP will be applied to all new and existing public record data used by Experian®, Equifax®, and TransUnion® on July 1, 2017.
What Does this Mean for Landlords, Real Estate Agents, & Renters?
This removal of unstandardized data, as an effect, is expected to slightly boost credit scores across the U.S. VantageScore® suspects in their initial impact analysis that (in worst case scenario) a little over 8% of the scorable U.S. population will have a change in score. FICO®, one of the most widely used scoring models, are expected to release an impact analysis within the next month.
In the coming months insure that your tenant screening provider's eviction and criminal data is up to par with your standards. As credit scores are expected to rise mid-year, keep track of your own score with https://www.annualcreditreport.com/index.action. You might be surprised (in a good way).
What do you think of the bureau's new standards? Let us know in the comment section below and be sure to subscribe for updates!