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World Trademark Review 1000: 2016
Rouse has continued to uphold its robust rankings from 2015.
"In both Europe and Asia, the Rouse name is synonymous with anti-counterfeiting success; its tireless, tenacious lawyers take a top-down approach to choke off the supply of fakes at the source."
We have maintained our ranking as a Recommended International Firm and have our practitioners described as "Responsive, down to earth, accessible and honest." We have been praised to "consistently position themselves as true partners as clients - another USP."
In China, Rouse has been steadily listed as a Highly Recommended Firm with WTR stating that "Demanding clients deem Rouse "one of the best in China" and a top name in IP protection and enforcement across Asia."
Linda Chang is "a trailblazer" and Elliot Papageorgiou with his "stunning credentials" have both been ranked Gold. Rachel Li-Mei Tan whom is praised as "the complete package", ranked Silver.
In Hong Kong, Rouse Legal "flexes its multi-jurisdictional enforcement muscles to devastating effect" and has maintained its Silver ranking as a firm for Enforcement and Litigation from the past year.
Chris Vale and his "adept knowledge of the Asian market" ranked Gold for Enforcement and Litigation, Adelaide Yu who "partners closely with customs and knows how to get officials onside" ranked Silver in Enforcement and Litigation. Together they make Rouse Legal "a preferred choice of household names such as the Coca-Cola Company, Marks, Google and Intel."
RNA Intellectual Property Attorneys have renewed their Bronze ranking for Enforcement and Litigation, with WTR citing that "The swashbuckling enforcement division makes light work of courtroom skirmishes; online brand infringement and counterfeiting are further strengths."
Ranjan Narula who is a "prominent figure in the domestic and international IP community", has ranked Silver for Prosecution and Strategy and Bronze for Enforcement and Litigation.
"Few outfits in the nation can rival the geographical reach of Rouse's Jakarta office." Rouse maintains its Gold ranking for Prosecution and Strategy and is also recommended for Enforcement and Litigation. Rouse is considered an "international player" and is "instrumental in tackling infringements for some of the world's biggest brands", such as Harley-Davidson.
WTR noted Gunawan Suryomurcito for his "wealth of experience in private practise and in parliamentary reforms" making him "a peerless authority on IP law", Kin Wah Chow as a "must have ally in the luxury brand space" and Nicholas Redfearn "knows the trademark inside out." WTR lists Suryomurcito, Chow and Redfearn all as recommended experts in Indonesia.
WTR cited Baranda & Associates as an "anti-counterfeiting specialist" and listed Prosecution as "another forte" of the firm's which is "appreciated by a diverse clientele which includes prestigious names." Baranda maintained their Silver ranking from the previous year.
"Rising star and commercially savvy litigator Edmund Baranda continues to rack up successes in the contentious arena" and continues to uphold his Bronze ranking.
Edward Hardcastle provides "invaluable contributions to Rouse's offerings... leads the regional prosecution department" and has maintained his listing as a recommended expert in Saudi Arabia.
In Thailand, Rouse ranked Silver with WTR noting one respondent with the claim- "can't think of any others with as much experience in Southeast Asia as Rouse: it really sets the standard."
Fabrice Mattei ranked Gold in Enforcement and Litigation with WTR stating that "Mattei deserves much credit for building the firm into such a position of strength." Nuttachai Unaratana who "excels on matters with an international dimension" ranked Silver for Prosecution and Strategy.
In the UAE, Rouse renewed its Gold ranking from the previous year, with WTR stating that "Enforcement briefs are effortlessly dispatched by its talented cast of litigators".
Chad Dowle, Sara Holder and Bassel El Turk who WTR stated has a "terrific grasp of trademark law and knows how to achieve clients' end goals" were all ranked Silver, and Edward Hardcastle is also notably regarded as the "prosecution maestro" in WTR.
Rouse has continued to achieve its Silver ranking from the previous years in the UK. Interviewees hailed its "absolute dedications and professionalism" and "24/7 support and responsiveness". "Rouse never disappoints - it always meets deadlines and you can trust its recommendations 100%. Perhaps the most astonishing thing is that you get the exact same level of performance, and the Rouse feeling and spirit, wherever you go in the world".
Mark Foreman ranked Silver for Prosecution and Strategy, "Foreman doesn't just say what you want to hear; he challenges you, which ultimately helps you make the right business decisions. He coordinates across borders smoothly and is very transparent when it comes to cost." Jeremy Newman and Stuart Adams are both listed as recommended experts in Anti-Counterfeiting, and ranked Bronze for Enforcement and Litigation. Arty Rajendra who is "extremely knowledgeable about the workings of IPEC and has a great relationship with the judges there" and is ranked Bronze for Enforcement and Litigation. From his desk in London, Stuart Adams manages the Moscow office, which opened in May 2013. "He's a good listener and controls costs well, understanding the budget restraints everyone is under these days. His attitude is relaxed, but he's not afraid of challenging you, which is great. Importantly, he looks after and trains his juniors well, too." Stuart is a recommended individual for anti-counterfeiting and is ranked Bronze for enforcement and litigation, too
"Asian trailblazer" Rouse has continued to uphold their Gold ranking as a firm in Vietnam with WTR citing "the firm is a weapon of choice for many leading brand owners with cross-border business interests. Sources confide that "Its strategic thinking is enriched by long experience and extensive resources… you can't find the level of creativity and precision it offers elsewhere in Vietnam".
Chris Vale is ranked Gold again and "one of the best-rounded legal minds in Southeast Asia".
anti counterfeiting
Strong showing for Rouse on the 2022/23 INTA Committee Appointments
Congratulations to the Rouse team members who have been named
#inta
#trade marks
#africa
Five of our IP experts featured in WTR Global Leaders 2021
The list brings together the world's foremost experts in trade mark practice.
IAM Patent 1000 2021
This year's rankings and write-ups for the 2021 IAM Patent 1000 are here!


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"Bishop" Robert Barron on whether Protestants should become Catholics
The Novus Ordo Sect's flagship American media bishop -- a man who is considered hip, erudite, telegenic, and theologically middle-of-the-road -- is Robert Emmett Barron. Born in Chicago and now auxiliary "bishop" in Los Angeles, he is reputed to be a great and model evangelizer as he uses social and traditional media to spread knowledge and love of the Vatican II religion. Many years ago he founded an apologetics ministry called Word on Fire and produced a 10-part documentary grossly misnamed Catholicism, which aired on PBS and is available now on DVD and streaming. More recently he established the Word on Fire Institute. Barron is the author of numerous books, including Arguing Religion: A Bishop Speaks at Facebook and Google. He is also a proponent of the "hell-may-be-empty" theory of the notorious Fr. Hans Urs von Balthasar, a man John Paul II attempted to make a cardinal -- but God had other plans. Cameron Bertuzzi is a Protestant and host of the Capturing Christianity podcast on YouTube. On Sep. 22, 2020, Bertuzzi did a live interview with "Bp." Barron and asked him point-blank: "Should I become Catholic?" In the Vatican II religion, that question is not easy to answer. Depending on whom you ask in that church, you will get diametrically different answers, anywhere from "yes, for sure" to "no, don't bother", with a lot of "follow your conscience" in between. One of the most high-level "no, don't bother" replies came many years ago from then-"Cardinal" Joseph Ratzinger, who once explicitly advised a Lutheran woman working in the Vatican as a translator not to convert to Catholicism. But he was by no means the only one. "Pope Saint" Paul VI, likewise, had once barred an Eastern schismatic wishing to become Catholic on the grounds that it would jeopardize ecumenical relations with the Eastern Orthodox churches. So much for the "ecumenism aims at conversion" delusion certain conservative Novus Ordos still entertain. "Follow your conscience" is probably the answer one would get from "Fr." James Martin, or from "Pope" Francis, who wastes no opportunity to confirm unbelievers in their false religions. So, what answer did "Bp." Barron give his interlocutor? He said: "Yes, is my blunt answer... because it's the fullness of truth, and I want to share that with you." That is the succinct version of his longer answer, which can be watched in the following clip, excerpted from the full video:
[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEkOV9LsCTo[/embedyt]
It is worth watching the whole clip because it reveals a lot about Vatican II theology. Barron justifies his answer on the grounds that he wants to share the fullness of truth with the Protestant questioner. He elaborates: "It's something I've come to love and reverence as the fullness of truth.... All the gifts Christ wants His people to have, why wouldn't I want to share those with you? Why wouldn't I want to offer all that to you?" Notice that Barron places the emphasis on the subjective side of things: He (Barron) has a wish of sharing something with the Protestant based on his own religious experience. This may seem like a legitimate approach at first, but notice that because of its subjective slant, truth is actually relativized. By Barron's logic, a Muslim (for instance) would have no less justification for sharing his religion with Bertuzzi: He has come to love and reverence Mohammed as God's prophet and the Koran as God's revelation, and he wants to share that with others. On what grounds could Barron oppose Muslim proselytism? He couldn't. That, dear readers, is Vatican II theology. As Pope St. Pius X asked rhetorically, "On what grounds can Modernists deny the truth of an experience affirmed by a follower of Islam? Will they claim a monopoly of true experiences for Catholics alone? Indeed, Modernists do not deny, but actually maintain, some confusedly, others frankly, that all religions are true" (Encyclical Pascendi, n. 14). Granted, Pope Pius X spoke in a slightly different context -- Barron is not claiming, as classical Modernists do, that experience makes truth. However, by grounding the reason for evangelization in one's own religious conviction rather than in the objective divine mandate (see Mt 28:19-20; cf. 2 Jn 9), Barron is relativizing all proselytism, making it relative to one's person. Thus he is building the house of evangelization on sand (cf. Mt 7:26-27). Yet, Barron's approach is fully in line with, because the fruit of, Vatican II theology. No wonder these people believe in religious liberty and the "right" to practice any religion in public, as supposedly a human right which every man possesses in virtue of his humanity or human dignity (see Vatican II, Declaration Dignitatis Humanae, n. 2). Sadly, it must not have occurred to these master theologians that the reason for preaching the true Gospel and offering the message of salvation to souls steeped in the darkness of sin and unbelief can hardly be the same reason that members of false religions can have for promoting what is in truth the work of the devil! (Notice that we are speaking objectively here. We are not implying that all the members of false religions are evil or of bad will, or that they are all knowingly in error; we are only observing that the religions they profess are not the religion revealed by God but the fruit of the deceits of the devil.) People who are somewhat surprised at Barron's blunt "yes" to Bertuzzi's question should remember that the matter was phrased a bit imprecisely. Bertuzzi asked whether he should -- not whether he must -- become a Catholic, so of course Barron was going to answer in the affirmative. After all, his entire apostolate exists to persuade people that they should be Catholic (well, Novus Ordo, really). But to say that someone should do something is one thing; to say that he must do it in order to be saved, is quite a different matter. Thus, anticipating a rejoinder of, "Does that mean I'm damned [if I don't convert]?", Barron is quick to assuage any potential concerns a Protestant may have upon hearing his affirmative answer as to the "appropriateness" of converting to Catholicism: "No, no, that's not Catholic teaching", he says. "You know, a non-Catholic, even a non-Christian, can be saved." That that would be Barron's position was clear from the get-go, considering that in 2018, he notoriously told Jewish radio host Ben Shapiro that our Blessed Lord and Savior Jesus Christ is merely the "privileged route to salvation" and one he did not have to accept -- a sort of ennobled turnpike, it seems, whereas paths of lesser nobility are also available, leading to the same destination, although the journey may take longer and be fraught with more dangers and distractions. The very fact that our Blessed Lord Himself directly contradicted such nonsense -- He taught unequivocally, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No man cometh to the Father, but by me" (Jn 14:6) -- was not addressed by the Chicago-born powerhouse of Novus Ordo evangelization. Now we know why his ministry is called The Word on Fire.
Robert Barron at work...
How does what Barron says differ from the traditional Catholic position? It differs in that the real Roman Catholic sees the Protestant as being unhappily caught in the tentacles of a false religion, which is "necessarily ... sunk in the most pernicious errors" and therefore a means of damnation. Hence the Catholic desires the heretic to convert out of his false religion and into the only true one. He strives to transfer him out of a false church, "guided by the spirit of the devil", into the true one, "guided by the Holy Ghost" (Catechism of the Council of Trent, Article IX). It is not a matter of advancing from partial truth to the fullness of truth, as Barron and Novus Ordos in general love to misleadingly phrase it, but of transferring from a vehicle of damnation to the Ark of Salvation, from a false religion to the only true one. It can certainly be granted that Protestantism contains certain truths (plural), that is, some individual doctrines that happen to be true. For instance, most Protestant sects teach that Jesus Christ is the only Savior. That is true. However, that does not make their religions true, it merely means that despite their many damnable heresies, they have retained some true doctrines; and the only reason they have those, it must not be glossed over, is that they stole them from the Roman Catholic Church, which alone is the "pillar and ground of the truth" (1 Tim 3:15). Contrary to what Vatican II and its proponents like to argue (see Lumen Gentium, n. 8), a few true doctrines in false religions do not make them "partially Catholic" or "good enough" for salvation. If anything, whatever truth is contained in false religions makes them per se all the more dangerous. Consider the fiery words of Fr. Felix Sarda y Salvany, who wrote in his celebrated and Vatican-approved work Liberalism is a Sin (1886):
Heresy under a charming disguise is a thousand times more dangerous than heresy exposed in the harsh and arid garb of the scholastic syllogism— through which the death's skull grins in unadorned hideousness. ... Shall we crown these condemners of our faith with the laurels of our praises and laud them for the very qualities which alone make them dangerous! And for what purpose? That we may appear impartial? No. Impartiality is not permissible when it is distorted to the offense of truth, whose rights are imprescriptible. A woman of bad life is infamous, be she ever so beautiful, and the more beautiful, the more dangerous. (Rev. Felix Sarda y Salvany, Liberalism is a Sin, Chapter 18)
That is a devastating blow to Vatican II's patchwork ecclesiology of "elements", according to which false religions "participate" in Catholic truth to the extent that their doctrines agree with Catholic doctrines. The absurdity of this idea can be seen more easily when applying it to the moral realm, as the October 2014 Synod did. Further on in his exchange with Mr. Bertuzzi, Mr. Barron applies the same principle to the concept of salvation, with predictably disastrous results:
Jesus is the fulness of salvation. If anyone is saved, he or she is saved through Christ. But there are participations in the grace of Christ on offer even in other Christian religions, even in non-Christian religions. Vatican II goes so far as to say even in a non-believer of good will following his conscience, is in fact [sic] following and responding to the grace of Christ, though he doesn't clearly know that.
This kind of theological poppycock is precisely what Pope Pius XII had in mind when he scolded the crypto-Modernists of his day: "Some reduce to a meaningless formula the necessity of belonging to the true Church in order to gain eternal salvation" (Encyclical Humani Generis, n. 27). That is exactly what Barron is doing here. He dilutes the necessity of the Church for salvation to such an extent that even an idolater and an atheist can be saved (as Francis said), just in and through Christ somehow, without them even knowing. Thus there is nothing left of the dogma that there is no salvation outside the Catholic Church (see Pope Boniface VIII, Bull Unam Sanctam; Denz. 468) but a meaningless, empty formula. There is nothing left of the infallible truth that "without Faith, it is impossible to please God" (Heb 11:6) but mere lip service, if even that. (In the video clip, Barron brings up Cardinal Newman -- for a Catholic response on that, please see our post "Pope St. Pius X on Cardinal John Henry Newman".) The Novus Ordo position enunciated by Barron is a shrewd variation of the old heresy of Indifferentism, according to which it does not matter what religion one espouses, at least as long as one retains some kind of moral code. Not surprisingly, this was firmly denounced by true Popes:
Indeed this deadly idea concerning the lack of difference among religions is refuted even by the light of natural reason. We are assured of this because the various religions do not often agree among themselves. If one is true, the other must be false; there can be no society of darkness with light. Against these experienced sophists the people must be taught that the profession of the Catholic faith is uniquely true, as the apostle proclaims: one Lord, one faith, one baptism [Eph 4:5]. (Pope Pius VIII, Encyclical Traditi Humilitati, n. 4) Now We consider another abundant source of the evils with which the Church is afflicted at present: indifferentism. This perverse opinion is spread on all sides by the fraud of the wicked who claim that it is possible to obtain the eternal salvation of the soul by the profession of any kind of religion, as long as morality is maintained. Surely, in so clear a matter, you will drive this deadly error far from the people committed to your care. With the admonition of the apostle that "there is one God, one faith, one baptism" [Eph 4:5] may those fear who contrive the notion that the safe harbor of salvation is open to persons of any religion whatever. They should consider the testimony of Christ Himself that "those who are not with Christ are against Him" [Lk 11:23], and that they disperse unhappily who do not gather with Him. Therefore "without a doubt, they will perish forever, unless they hold the Catholic faith whole and inviolate" [Athanasian Creed]. (Pope Gregory XVI, Encyclical Mirari Vos, n. 13; underlining added; bold and italics removed.) [CONDEMNED:] Man may, in the observance of any religion whatever, find the way of eternal salvation, and arrive at eternal salvation. [CONDEMNED:] Good hope at least is to be entertained of the eternal salvation of all those who are not at all in the true Church of Christ. (Pope Pius IX, Syllabus of Errors, nn. 16-17)
Barron's more polished version of Indifferentism also leads to "that false opinion which considers all religions to be more or less good and praiseworthy" (Pope Pius XI, Encyclical Mortalium Animos, n. 2), inasmuch as grace and salvation are predicated of them to some extent or another as "participations" in the salvation offered by Christ. It is grotesque! For Barron, then, and for all Novus Ordos, a Protestant who converts to (the Novus Ordo version of) Catholicism, goes from good to better, or from good to best. For a Roman Catholic, by contrast, a Protestant who converts to Catholicism transfers out of the kingdom of Satan and into the Kingdom of God -- "who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of the Son of his love" (Col 1:13). This Catholic position is clearly reflected by Pope Leo XIII in his 1884 encyclical letter against Freemasonry:
The race of man, after its miserable fall from God, the Creator and the Giver of heavenly gifts, "through the envy of the devil," separated into two diverse and opposite parts, of which the one steadfastly contends for truth and virtue, the other of those things which are contrary to virtue and to truth. The one is the kingdom of God on earth, namely, the true Church of Jesus Christ; and those who desire from their heart to be united with it, so as to gain salvation, must of necessity serve God and His only-begotten Son with their whole mind and with an entire will. The other is the kingdom of Satan, in whose possession and control are all whosoever follow the fatal example of their leader and of our first parents, those who refuse to obey the divine and eternal law, and who have many aims of their own in contempt of God, and many aims also against God. (Pope Leo XIII, Encyclical Humanum Genus, n. 1; underlining added.)
Note well: There is the Kingdom of God, which is the Catholic Church, and there is the kingdom of Satan, which is "this perverse generation" (Acts 2:40). There is nothing in between -- all people fall into the one camp or the other. Not that mere membership in the Catholic Church suffices for salvation -- far from it -- but it is necessary for all men to be joined to the Catholic Church, either as members or at least through sanctifying grace in Faith, hope, and charity. (For an in-depth explanation of the Catholic teaching of No Salvation Outside the Church, we recommend John Daly's treatment of the subject in Chapter XI of his book Michael Davies – An Evaluation, available for free download here. Also see the new book Contra Crawford by Christopher Conlon and Dylan Fellows, refuting the errors of the so-called Feeneyites.) As bad as Barron's response to Bertuzzi has been so far, we're not done yet. As a follow-up to the theological twaddle his guest just threw at him, the Protestant host asks why then he is not permitted to receive Holy Communion when attending a Catholic Mass (he is referring, of course, to the bread handed out at the Novus Ordo worship service, but he doesn't know that). Again, for a Roman Catholic the answer is clear and straightforward: Heretics (i.e. baptized non-Catholics) are not permitted to receive Catholic sacraments because they are not in union with the Catholic Church and are therefore objectively outside of the communion of salvation. They do not profess the true Faith (ordinarily they do not even believe in the dogma of the Real Presence) and they are not subject to the Roman Pontiff, thus they have no right to receive the Sacred Body and Blood of Christ, regardless of whatever good intentions and other positive subjective dispositions they might have. It would be a profanation of the Blessed Sacrament if a non-Catholic were to receive it, for he does not meet the requirements for worthy reception of this Priceless Gift (cf. Mt 7:6; 1 Cor 11:29). This is not meant as a personal slight to well-meaning Protestants; in fact, not even Catholics themselves are permitted to approach Holy Communion if they are not in the state of sanctifying grace or have not kept the Eucharistic fast. Besides, if Protestants were to receive Holy Communion, it would not avail them to grace and salvation but would constitute a mortal sin, confirming them further on the path of perdition on which they already unhappily find themselves: "For he that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh judgment to himself, not discerning the body of the Lord" (1 Cor 11:29); "Jerome used to say it this way: he who eats the lamb outside this house will perish as did those during the flood who were not with Noah in the ark" (Pope Pius VIII, Encyclical Traditi Humilitati, n. 4). So, how does "Bp." Barron answer the question about why a Protestant cannot partake of the Holy Eucharist? Not surprisingly, his response has Vatican II all over it: He tells Bertuzzi that he would refuse him "Holy Communion" out of respect for him and his Protestant unbelief with regard to the Holy Eucharist. Folks, you can't make this stuff up! This is so asinine, it hardly needs refutation! We will, however, make one important related observation: By premising his refusal of Communion to a Protestant on the grounds that the non-Catholic does not believe that what he would be receiving is the true Body and Blood of Christ, Barron grants in principle that Protestants can receive the Holy Eucharist as long as they believe in the Real Presence. (Since there are as many Protestantisms as there are Protestants, one does occasionally find individual Protestants who subscribe to the dogma of Transubstantiation -- simply because they have personally been convinced of its truth by theological demonstration.) And that, once again, is precisely what Novus Ordo doctrine calls for:
While it is never legitimate to concelebrate [the New Mass] in the absence of full communion, the same is not true with respect to the administration of the Eucharist under special circumstances, to individual persons belonging to Churches or Ecclesial Communities not in full communion with the Catholic Church. ("Pope" John Paul II, "Encyclical" Ecclesia De Eucharistia, n. 45)
This is also legislated in Canon 844 of the unholy ecclesiastical law of the Vatican II Sect:
3. Catholic ministers administer the sacraments of penance, Eucharist, and anointing of the sick licitly to members of Eastern Churches which do not have full communion with the Catholic Church if they seek such on their own accord and are properly disposed. This is also valid for members of other Churches which in the judgment of the Apostolic See are in the same condition in regard to the sacraments as these Eastern Churches. 4. If the danger of death is present or if, in the judgment of the diocesan bishop or conference of bishops, some other grave necessity urges it, Catholic ministers administer these same sacraments licitly also to other Christians not having full communion with the Catholic Church, who cannot approach a minister of their own community and who seek such on their own accord, provided that they manifest Catholic faith in respect to these sacraments and are properly disposed. (John Paul II, Novus Ordo Code of Canon Law [1983], Canon 844.3-4)
Thus, in his interview with Mr. Bertuzzi, "Bp." Barron has once again proven himself a loyal adherent of the Vatican II religion -- rather than of Roman Catholicism. In order to avoid any potential misunderstanding, we must clarify that we have absolutely no animosity towards any Protestant who is sincerely seeking to do God's will, and it is clear that there are many such. Presumably, Cameron Bertuzzi is one of them. It is a crying shame that, although he asked for the bread of Catholic truth, Barron gave him the stone of Vatican II (cf. Lk 11:11). Pope Pius IX summarized quite beautifully the attitude a Catholic should have towards members unhappily caught up in heretical sects:
But God forbid that the sons of the Catholic Church ever in any way be hostile to those who are not joined with us in the same bonds of faith and love; but rather they should always be zealous to seek them out and aid them, whether poor, or sick, or afflicted with any other burdens, with all the offices of Christian charity; and they should especially endeavor to snatch them from the darkness of error in which they unhappily lie, and lead them back to Catholic truth and to the most loving Mother the Church, who never ceases to stretch out her maternal hands lovingly to them, and to call them back to her bosom so that, established and firm in faith, hope, and charity, and "being fruitful in every good work" [Colossians 1:10], they may attain eternal salvation. (Pope Pius IX, Encyclical Quanto Conficiamur Moerore, n. 9)
A Protestant who hears Barron's false gospel will be comfortable remaining a Protestant, especially if the Protestantism he subscribes to teaches that Catholics go to hell. For then he will wager with himself: If Catholicism is true and he remains a Protestant, he can still be saved; whereas, if Protestantism is true and he becomes a Catholic, he will be damned. Thus we see that because he is a Vatican II apologist and not a Roman Catholic, Robert Barron continually deprives people of the spiritual Truth they need for their eternal salvation, substituting instead a cheap counterfeit that may look Catholic on the surface but ultimately cannot nourish the soul. We call him the "robber baron" for a reason. Image source: youtube.com (screenshot) / istockphoto.com License: fair use / paid
"Bishop" Robert Barron on whether Protestants should become Catholics
Caution! Vatican II speak ahead…
The Novus Ordo Sect's flagship American media bishop — a man who is considered hip, erudite, telegenic, and theologically middle-of-the-road — is Robert Emmett Barron.
Born in Chicago and now auxiliary "bishop" in Los Angeles, he is reputed to be a great and model evangelizer as he uses social and traditional media to spread knowledge and love of the Vatican II religion. Many years ago he founded an apologetics ministry called Word on Fire and produced a 10-part documentary grossly misnamed Catholicism, which aired on PBS and is available now on DVD and streaming. More recently he established the Word on Fire Institute. Barron is the author of numerous books, including Arguing Religion: A Bishop Speaks at Facebook and Google. He is also a proponent of the "hell-may-be-empty" theory of the notorious Fr. Hans Urs von Balthasar, a man John Paul II attempted to make a cardinal — but God had other plans.
Cameron Bertuzzi is a Protestant and host of the Capturing Christianity podcast on YouTube. On Sep. 22, 2020, Bertuzzi did a live interview with "Bp." Barron and asked him point-blank: "Should I become Catholic?"
In the Vatican II religion, that question is not easy to answer. Depending on whom you ask in that church, you will get diametrically different answers, anywhere from "yes, for sure" to "no, don't bother", with a lot of "follow your conscience" in between.
One of the most high-level "no, don't bother" replies came many years ago from then-"Cardinal" Joseph Ratzinger, who once explicitly advised a Lutheran woman working in the Vatican as a translator not to convert to Catholicism. But he was by no means the only one. "Pope Saint" Paul VI, likewise, had once barred an Eastern schismatic wishing to become Catholic on the grounds that it would jeopardize ecumenical relations with the Eastern Orthodox churches. So much for the "ecumenism aims at conversion" delusion certain conservative Novus Ordos still entertain.
"Follow your conscience" is probably the answer one would get from "Fr." James Martin, or from "Pope" Francis, who wastes no opportunity to confirm unbelievers in their false religions.
So, what answer did "Bp." Barron give his interlocutor? He said: "Yes, is my blunt answer… because it's the fullness of truth, and I want to share that with you." That is the succinct version of his longer answer, which can be watched in the following clip, excerpted from the full video:
It is worth watching the whole clip because it reveals a lot about Vatican II theology. Barron justifies his answer on the grounds that he wants to share the fullness of truth with the Protestant questioner. He elaborates: "It's something I've come to love and reverence as the fullness of truth…. All the gifts Christ wants His people to have, why wouldn't I want to share those with you? Why wouldn't I want to offer all that to you?"
Notice that Barron places the emphasis on the subjective side of things: He (Barron) has a wish of sharing something with the Protestant based on his own religious experience. This may seem like a legitimate approach at first, but notice that because of its subjective slant, truth is actually relativized. By Barron's logic, a Muslim (for instance) would have no less justification for sharing his religion with Bertuzzi: He has come to love and reverence Mohammed as God's prophet and the Koran as God's revelation, and he wants to share that with others. On what grounds could Barron oppose Muslim proselytism? He couldn't. That, dear readers, is Vatican II theology.
As Pope St. Pius X asked rhetorically, "On what grounds can Modernists deny the truth of an experience affirmed by a follower of Islam? Will they claim a monopoly of true experiences for Catholics alone? Indeed, Modernists do not deny, but actually maintain, some confusedly, others frankly, that all religions are true" (Encyclical Pascendi, n. 14). Granted, Pope Pius X spoke in a slightly different context — Barron is not claiming, as classical Modernists do, that experience makes truth. However, by grounding the reason for evangelization in one's own religious conviction rather than in the objective divine mandate (see Mt 28:19-20; cf. 2 Jn 9), Barron is relativizing all proselytism, making it relative to one's person. Thus he is building the house of evangelization on sand (cf. Mt 7:26-27).
Yet, Barron's approach is fully in line with, because the fruit of, Vatican II theology. No wonder these people believe in religious liberty and the "right" to practice any religion in public, as supposedly a human right which every man possesses in virtue of his humanity or human dignity (see Vatican II, Declaration Dignitatis Humanae, n. 2). Sadly, it must not have occurred to these master theologians that the reason for preaching the true Gospel and offering the message of salvation to souls steeped in the darkness of sin and unbelief can hardly be the same reason that members of false religions can have for promoting what is in truth the work of the devil! (Notice that we are speaking objectively here. We are not implying that all the members of false religions are evil or of bad will, or that they are all knowingly in error; we are only observing that the religions they profess are not the religion revealed by God but the fruit of the deceits of the devil.)
People who are somewhat surprised at Barron's blunt "yes" to Bertuzzi's question should remember that the matter was phrased a bit imprecisely. Bertuzzi asked whether he should — not whether he must — become a Catholic, so of course Barron was going to answer in the affirmative. After all, his entire apostolate exists to persuade people that they should be Catholic (well, Novus Ordo, really). But to say that someone should do something is one thing; to say that he must do it in order to be saved, is quite a different matter.
Thus, anticipating a rejoinder of, "Does that mean I'm damned [if I don't convert]?", Barron is quick to assuage any potential concerns a Protestant may have upon hearing his affirmative answer as to the "appropriateness" of converting to Catholicism: "No, no, that's not Catholic teaching", he says. "You know, a non-Catholic, even a non-Christian, can be saved."
That that would be Barron's position was clear from the get-go, considering that in 2018, he notoriously told Jewish radio host Ben Shapiro that our Blessed Lord and Savior Jesus Christ is merely the "privileged route to salvation" and one he did not have to accept — a sort of ennobled turnpike, it seems, whereas paths of lesser nobility are also available, leading to the same destination, although the journey may take longer and be fraught with more dangers and distractions. The very fact that our Blessed Lord Himself directly contradicted such nonsense — He taught unequivocally, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No man cometh to the Father, but by me" (Jn 14:6) — was not addressed by the Chicago-born powerhouse of Novus Ordo evangelization.
Now we know why his ministry is called The Word on Fire.
Robert Barron at work…
How does what Barron says differ from the traditional Catholic position? It differs in that the real Roman Catholic sees the Protestant as being unhappily caught in the tentacles of a false religion, which is "necessarily … sunk in the most pernicious errors" and therefore a means of damnation. Hence the Catholic desires the heretic to convert out of his false religion and into the only true one. He strives to transfer him out of a false church, "guided by the spirit of the devil", into the true one, "guided by the Holy Ghost" (Catechism of the Council of Trent, Article IX).
It is not a matter of advancing from partial truth to the fullness of truth, as Barron and Novus Ordos in general love to misleadingly phrase it, but of transferring from a vehicle of damnation to the Ark of Salvation, from a false religion to the only true one.
It can certainly be granted that Protestantism contains certain truths (plural), that is, some individual doctrines that happen to be true. For instance, most Protestant sects teach that Jesus Christ is the only Savior. That is true. However, that does not make their religions true, it merely means that despite their many damnable heresies, they have retained some true doctrines; and the only reason they have those, it must not be glossed over, is that they stole them from the Roman Catholic Church, which alone is the "pillar and ground of the truth" (1 Tim 3:15).
Contrary to what Vatican II and its proponents like to argue (see Lumen Gentium, n. 8), a few true doctrines in false religions do not make them "partially Catholic" or "good enough" for salvation. If anything, whatever truth is contained in false religions makes them per se all the more dangerous.
Consider the fiery words of Fr. Felix Sarda y Salvany, who wrote in his celebrated and Vatican-approved work Liberalism is a Sin (1886):
Heresy under a charming disguise is a thousand times more dangerous than heresy exposed in the harsh and arid garb of the scholastic syllogism— through which the death's skull grins in unadorned hideousness. … Shall we crown these condemners of our faith with the laurels of our praises and laud them for the very qualities which alone make them dangerous! And for what purpose? That we may appear impartial? No. Impartiality is not permissible when it is distorted to the offense of truth, whose rights are imprescriptible. A woman of bad life is infamous, be she ever so beautiful, and the more beautiful, the more dangerous.
(Rev. Felix Sarda y Salvany, Liberalism is a Sin, Chapter 18)
That is a devastating blow to Vatican II's patchwork ecclesiology of "elements", according to which false religions "participate" in Catholic truth to the extent that their doctrines agree with Catholic doctrines. The absurdity of this idea can be seen more easily when applying it to the moral realm, as the October 2014 Synod did.
Further on in his exchange with Mr. Bertuzzi, Mr. Barron applies the same principle to the concept of salvation, with predictably disastrous results:
Jesus is the fulness of salvation. If anyone is saved, he or she is saved through Christ. But there are participations in the grace of Christ on offer even in other Christian religions, even in non-Christian religions. Vatican II goes so far as to say even in a non-believer of good will following his conscience, is in fact [sic] following and responding to the grace of Christ, though he doesn't clearly know that.
This kind of theological poppycock is precisely what Pope Pius XII had in mind when he scolded the crypto-Modernists of his day: "Some reduce to a meaningless formula the necessity of belonging to the true Church in order to gain eternal salvation" (Encyclical Humani Generis, n. 27).
That is exactly what Barron is doing here. He dilutes the necessity of the Church for salvation to such an extent that even an idolater and an atheist can be saved (as Francis said), just in and through Christ somehow, without them even knowing. Thus there is nothing left of the dogma that there is no salvation outside the Catholic Church (see Pope Boniface VIII, Bull Unam Sanctam; Denz. 468) but a meaningless, empty formula. There is nothing left of the infallible truth that "without Faith, it is impossible to please God" (Heb 11:6) but mere lip service, if even that. (In the video clip, Barron brings up Cardinal Newman — for a Catholic response on that, please see our post "Pope St. Pius X on Cardinal John Henry Newman".)
The Novus Ordo position enunciated by Barron is a shrewd variation of the old heresy of Indifferentism, according to which it does not matter what religion one espouses, at least as long as one retains some kind of moral code. Not surprisingly, this was firmly denounced by true Popes:
Indeed this deadly idea concerning the lack of difference among religions is refuted even by the light of natural reason. We are assured of this because the various religions do not often agree among themselves. If one is true, the other must be false; there can be no society of darkness with light. Against these experienced sophists the people must be taught that the profession of the Catholic faith is uniquely true, as the apostle proclaims: one Lord, one faith, one baptism [Eph 4:5].
(Pope Pius VIII, Encyclical Traditi Humilitati, n. 4)
Now We consider another abundant source of the evils with which the Church is afflicted at present: indifferentism. This perverse opinion is spread on all sides by the fraud of the wicked who claim that it is possible to obtain the eternal salvation of the soul by the profession of any kind of religion, as long as morality is maintained. Surely, in so clear a matter, you will drive this deadly error far from the people committed to your care. With the admonition of the apostle that "there is one God, one faith, one baptism" [Eph 4:5] may those fear who contrive the notion that the safe harbor of salvation is open to persons of any religion whatever. They should consider the testimony of Christ Himself that "those who are not with Christ are against Him" [Lk 11:23], and that they disperse unhappily who do not gather with Him. Therefore "without a doubt, they will perish forever, unless they hold the Catholic faith whole and inviolate" [Athanasian Creed].
(Pope Gregory XVI, Encyclical Mirari Vos, n. 13; underlining added; bold and italics removed.)
[CONDEMNED:] Man may, in the observance of any religion whatever, find the way of eternal salvation, and arrive at eternal salvation.
[CONDEMNED:] Good hope at least is to be entertained of the eternal salvation of all those who are not at all in the true Church of Christ.
(Pope Pius IX, Syllabus of Errors, nn. 16-17)
Barron's more polished version of Indifferentism also leads to "that false opinion which considers all religions to be more or less good and praiseworthy" (Pope Pius XI, Encyclical Mortalium Animos, n. 2), inasmuch as grace and salvation are predicated of them to some extent or another as "participations" in the salvation offered by Christ. It is grotesque!
For Barron, then, and for all Novus Ordos, a Protestant who converts to (the Novus Ordo version of) Catholicism, goes from good to better, or from good to best. For a Roman Catholic, by contrast, a Protestant who converts to Catholicism transfers out of the kingdom of Satan and into the Kingdom of God — "who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of the Son of his love" (Col 1:13). This Catholic position is clearly reflected by Pope Leo XIII in his 1884 encyclical letter against Freemasonry:
The race of man, after its miserable fall from God, the Creator and the Giver of heavenly gifts, "through the envy of the devil," separated into two diverse and opposite parts, of which the one steadfastly contends for truth and virtue, the other of those things which are contrary to virtue and to truth. The one is the kingdom of God on earth, namely, the true Church of Jesus Christ; and those who desire from their heart to be united with it, so as to gain salvation, must of necessity serve God and His only-begotten Son with their whole mind and with an entire will. The other is the kingdom of Satan, in whose possession and control are all whosoever follow the fatal example of their leader and of our first parents, those who refuse to obey the divine and eternal law, and who have many aims of their own in contempt of God, and many aims also against God.
(Pope Leo XIII, Encyclical Humanum Genus, n. 1; underlining added.)
Note well: There is the Kingdom of God, which is the Catholic Church, and there is the kingdom of Satan, which is "this perverse generation" (Acts 2:40). There is nothing in between — all people fall into the one camp or the other.
Not that mere membership in the Catholic Church suffices for salvation — far from it — but it is necessary for all men to be joined to the Catholic Church, either as members or at least through sanctifying grace in Faith, hope, and charity. (For an in-depth explanation of the Catholic teaching of No Salvation Outside the Church, we recommend John Daly's treatment of the subject in Chapter XI of his book Michael Davies – An Evaluation, available for free download here. Also see the new book Contra Crawford by Christopher Conlon and Dylan Fellows, refuting the errors of the so-called Feeneyites.)
As bad as Barron's response to Bertuzzi has been so far, we're not done yet. As a follow-up to the theological twaddle his guest just threw at him, the Protestant host asks why then he is not permitted to receive Holy Communion when attending a Catholic Mass (he is referring, of course, to the bread handed out at the Novus Ordo worship service, but he doesn't know that).
Again, for a Roman Catholic the answer is clear and straightforward: Heretics (i.e. baptized non-Catholics) are not permitted to receive Catholic sacraments because they are not in union with the Catholic Church and are therefore objectively outside of the communion of salvation. They do not profess the true Faith (ordinarily they do not even believe in the dogma of the Real Presence) and they are not subject to the Roman Pontiff, thus they have no right to receive the Sacred Body and Blood of Christ, regardless of whatever good intentions and other positive subjective dispositions they might have.
It would be a profanation of the Blessed Sacrament if a non-Catholic were to receive it, for he does not meet the requirements for worthy reception of this Priceless Gift (cf. Mt 7:6; 1 Cor 11:29). This is not meant as a personal slight to well-meaning Protestants; in fact, not even Catholics themselves are permitted to approach Holy Communion if they are not in the state of sanctifying grace or have not kept the Eucharistic fast.
Besides, if Protestants were to receive Holy Communion, it would not avail them to grace and salvation but would constitute a mortal sin, confirming them further on the path of perdition on which they already unhappily find themselves: "For he that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh judgment to himself, not discerning the body of the Lord" (1 Cor 11:29); "Jerome used to say it this way: he who eats the lamb outside this house will perish as did those during the flood who were not with Noah in the ark" (Pope Pius VIII, Encyclical Traditi Humilitati, n. 4).
So, how does "Bp." Barron answer the question about why a Protestant cannot partake of the Holy Eucharist? Not surprisingly, his response has Vatican II all over it: He tells Bertuzzi that he would refuse him "Holy Communion" out of respect for him and his Protestant unbelief with regard to the Holy Eucharist. Folks, you can't make this stuff up! This is so asinine, it hardly needs refutation!
We will, however, make one important related observation: By premising his refusal of Communion to a Protestant on the grounds that the non-Catholic does not believe that what he would be receiving is the true Body and Blood of Christ, Barron grants in principle that Protestants can receive the Holy Eucharist as long as they believe in the Real Presence. (Since there are as many Protestantisms as there are Protestants, one does occasionally find individual Protestants who subscribe to the dogma of Transubstantiation — simply because they have personally been convinced of its truth by theological demonstration.) And that, once again, is precisely what Novus Ordo doctrine calls for:
While it is never legitimate to concelebrate [the New Mass] in the absence of full communion, the same is not true with respect to the administration of the Eucharist under special circumstances, to individual persons belonging to Churches or Ecclesial Communities not in full communion with the Catholic Church.
("Pope" John Paul II, "Encyclical" Ecclesia De Eucharistia, n. 45)
3. Catholic ministers administer the sacraments of penance, Eucharist, and anointing of the sick licitly to members of Eastern Churches which do not have full communion with the Catholic Church if they seek such on their own accord and are properly disposed. This is also valid for members of other Churches which in the judgment of the Apostolic See are in the same condition in regard to the sacraments as these Eastern Churches.
4. If the danger of death is present or if, in the judgment of the diocesan bishop or conference of bishops, some other grave necessity urges it, Catholic ministers administer these same sacraments licitly also to other Christians not having full communion with the Catholic Church, who cannot approach a minister of their own community and who seek such on their own accord, provided that they manifest Catholic faith in respect to these sacraments and are properly disposed.
(John Paul II, Novus Ordo Code of Canon Law [1983], Canon 844.3-4)
Thus, in his interview with Mr. Bertuzzi, "Bp." Barron has once again proven himself a loyal adherent of the Vatican II religion — rather than of Roman Catholicism.
In order to avoid any potential misunderstanding, we must clarify that we have absolutely no animosity towards any Protestant who is sincerely seeking to do God's will, and it is clear that there are many such. Presumably, Cameron Bertuzzi is one of them. It is a crying shame that, although he asked for the bread of Catholic truth, Barron gave him the stone of Vatican II (cf. Lk 11:11).
Pope Pius IX summarized quite beautifully the attitude a Catholic should have towards members unhappily caught up in heretical sects:
But God forbid that the sons of the Catholic Church ever in any way be hostile to those who are not joined with us in the same bonds of faith and love; but rather they should always be zealous to seek them out and aid them, whether poor, or sick, or afflicted with any other burdens, with all the offices of Christian charity; and they should especially endeavor to snatch them from the darkness of error in which they unhappily lie, and lead them back to Catholic truth and to the most loving Mother the Church, who never ceases to stretch out her maternal hands lovingly to them, and to call them back to her bosom so that, established and firm in faith, hope, and charity, and "being fruitful in every good work" [Colossians 1:10], they may attain eternal salvation.
(Pope Pius IX, Encyclical Quanto Conficiamur Moerore, n. 9)
A Protestant who hears Barron's false gospel will be comfortable remaining a Protestant, especially if the Protestantism he subscribes to teaches that Catholics go to hell. For then he will wager with himself: If Catholicism is true and he remains a Protestant, he can still be saved; whereas, if Protestantism is true and he becomes a Catholic, he will be damned.
Thus we see that because he is a Vatican II apologist and not a Roman Catholic, Robert Barron continually deprives people of the spiritual Truth they need for their eternal salvation, substituting instead a cheap counterfeit that may look Catholic on the surface but ultimately cannot nourish the soul.
We call him the "robber baron" for a reason.
Image source: youtube.com (screenshot) / istockphoto.com
License: fair use / paid
in Novus Ordo Wire Cameron Bertuzzi, Ecumenism, Heresy, Indifferentism, Martin Luther, Robert Barron, Vatican II 0
Filipino Novus Ordo Priest...
Viganò's Theological Vortex:...
Beware! 'Fr.' Richard Rohr and the Enneagram - http://introiboadaltaredei2.blogspot.com/2022/01/a-type-of-occultism.html #CatholicTwitter
Matt Archbold reports on a recent apostolic visitation of cloistered Carmelite sisters in Fairfield, Pennsylvania, which is at the centre of a controversy precipitated by the Vatican's 2018 instruction 'Cor Orans' on women's contemplative life https://www.ncregister.com/news/fairfield-carmelite-sisters-wait-and-pray-for-an-end-to-their-saga @NCRegister

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Canada had built a 5-1 lead after three ends and led 6-3 after five. But the young U.S. team scored two in the sixth and then pressured Canada through the final half of the game, getting two more in the eighth and stealing one in nine to tie the game 7-7.
"It was a grind," Jones agreed afterwards. "It's really hard to get a lead and try to maintain that lead. Unfortunately, I missed a couple of draws that I would like back, but live and learn. We'll learn from those and be better tomorrow.
Jones, third Kaitlyn Lawes, second Jill Officer, lead Dawn McEwen, alternate Shannon Birchard and coaches Wendy Morgan and Elaine Dagg-Jackson now play Olympic champion Anna Hasselborg of Sweden in Sunday's final at 3 p.m. ET.
Hasselborg and her Swedish teammates advanced to the final with a 7-6 win over Victoria Moiseeva of Russia in the earlier semifinal. They are seeking a rare Olympic-world championship double — last accomplished in 2006 by fellow Swede Anette Norberg.
Moiseeva and Sinclair will play for the bronze medal at 10 a.m. Sunday.
Canada finished the round robin unbeaten at 12-0 to finish first, which earned the Canadians last rock to begin the semifinal and they didn't waste it, scoring three in the first end. U.S. third Alex Carlson rubbed a Canadian guard with her second take-out attempt, raising it into the house to open the door for Jones and Co.
A last-rock double by Jones forced Sinclair to hit and stick with her final stone facing five Canadian counters, to take one in the second. Canada added two in the third and the teams traded singles in the fourth and fifth before the U.S. got their first deuce in sixth.
Sinclair, who played her bantam and junior years in Ontario, made a tight raised split double to cut Canada's lead to 6-4. Then the U.S. strategy changed.
It almost worked as the Americans kept up the pressure, forcing Canada to take a single in seven and silenced the crowd by scoring two in the eighth to pull within a point. When Jones, who was successful on just 40 per cent of her draws to this point, tried a come-around tap back and couldn't get the U.S. counter out, Sinclair stole one to tie the game after nine ends.
Canada refused to let the U.S. set guards in the 10th, thanks mainly to two perfect tick shots from McEwen, keeping the house clean until skip rocks and setting the stage for Jones's winning shot.
"We were going for the steal, but it's hard to steal when the other team makes two perfect ticks," said Sinclair.


text:
Scheepswrak VAL1460 is een restant van een laatmiddeleeuws schip in de Nederlandse gemeente Lelystad.

Het houten vrachtschip is in het derde kwart van de 15e eeuw vervaardigd. In de scheepsbouw is onder meer een overnaadse romp van zo'n 20 meter lengte toegepast. In 1999 trof men het onder water aan als scheepswrak bij uitdiepen van de vaargeul Amsterdam-Lemmer ongeveer vijf kilometer ten noorden van Lelystad. Het hout dat werd teruggevonden bleek mede door de zuurstofarme omgeving van zeer goede kwaliteit. De vondst van het schip is bijzonder onder meer omdat er nauwelijks gegevens van schepen bekend zijn uit deze periode; een periode waarin internationale handel via de Zuiderzee plaatsvond en grote ontwikkelingen in de Nederlandse scheepsbouw gaande waren.

Ter behoud zijn in 2008 de restanten in situ met een laag klei afgedekt. In 2012 kreeg het scheepswrak de status van rijksmonument.

Rijksmonument in Lelystad
Scheepswrak
Zuiderzee

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
import constant from '../primary/constant';
import never from '../primary/never';
import combine from '../many-sources/combine';

const Observable = {

  empty() {
    return never();
  },

  // Monoid based on merge() seems more useful than one based on concat().
  concat(a, b) {
    return a.merge(b);
  },

  of(x) {
    return constant(x);
  },

  map(fn, obs) {
    return obs.map(fn);
  },

  bimap(fnErr, fnVal, obs) {
    return obs.mapErrors(fnErr).map(fnVal);
  },

  // This ap strictly speaking incompatible with chain. If we derive ap from chain we get
  // different (not very useful) behavior. But spec requires that if method can be derived
  // it must have the same behavior as hand-written method. We intentionally violate the spec
  // in hope that it won't cause many troubles in practice. And in return we have more useful type.
  ap(obsFn, obsVal) {
    return combine([obsFn, obsVal], (fn, val) => fn(val));
  },

  chain(fn, obs) {
    return obs.flatMap(fn);
  }

}

export {Observable}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Issue with LocationListener Network_provider in android I have an app that implements LocationListener using Network_Provider and onLocationChanged(), I am logging the new location in a log file with timestamp. This app is run as a service.
I am seeing unusual behavior with this :

*

*it seems to be capturing location from a wi-fi location only ( no cellular network provider )

*once the service is started, it waits till it finds the first wi-fi location. Until then it does not log anything.

*once it finds the location thru wi-fi, it starts logging the location latitude/longitude

*this logging continues thereafter, every 45sec, eventhough the location is not changed ..

*this logging continues thereafter, every 45 sec, eventhough the device is moved out of range of that wi-fi, in fact, from my home to work @ 20 miles (no wi-fi at work)  and it still continues to log the same location every 45 sec .
wierd ?
Here is my code :
public class TestLocationService extends Service implements LocationListener {

    LocationManager lm;
    public TestLocationService() {
     }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        String loc= "Time : "+new Date()+"\n";
        loc += "New Location "+location.getLatitude()+" and "+location.getLongitude()+"\n*******************\n";
        System.out.println(loc);
          try {
                File sdCard = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
                File dir = new File (sdCard.getAbsolutePath() + "/loc");
                dir.mkdirs();
                File file = new File(dir, "loc.txt");
                FileOutputStream fOut = new FileOutputStream(file,true);
                OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(fOut);
                osw.write(loc);
                osw.flush();
                osw.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
     public void onCreate() {
        this.lm = (LocationManager) this.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        this.lm.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 0, 0, this);
    }

}

-abhay

A: Change this:
this.lm.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 0, 0, this);

by:
this.lm.requestLocationUpdates(this.lm.getBestProvider(new Criteria(),true),0,0,this);

In this case your phone will use the best enabled provider

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


There appear to be five artists under the name Jag: 1. JAG consists of Joe Regan, Aaron Tyler King, and Gant O'Brien.. Mississippi natives now living in Nashville, playing rock n roll music. (http://www.facebook.com/jagmusicpage) 2. jag aka founder of FUNKATOMIC producer song writer straight out of south los angeles work with artist like ONS el sonador check out jag at myspace.com/funkatomic 3.
3. JAG was a Christian rock band in the early 1990s whose name was derived from an acronym of the name of its lead singer, John Alan Garies. Originally a touring member of '80s Christian rock band Sacred Fire, Garies formed JAG and recorded three successful album releases; 1990's "The Longest Road," and "The Only World In Town" in 1991. When the final album "Fire In the Temple" was recorded in 1992, JAG had mostly disbanded. Garies recorded songs he had written and was backed by members of the uber-successful "White Heart." Garies unfortunately died from liver disease at the age of 54 in 2007.
4. Jag is an unsigned rapper from Philadelphia. He's been featured heavily on Cassidy's mixtape Apply Pressure Vol. 2 and recently released a mixtape entitled "The Bret Hart Experience" hosted by DJ Far & Datpiff.com.
5. Jag was a rock band from Baltimore, MD. They put out a three song, self-titled 7" on Nauge Records, which appears to be their only release.


The slough[^pronounced slū, slou^] is wet, smelly, still wet, and has green things floating just beneath [[the]] surface.
The slough[^[[WordSalad/SayItAgain|pronounced]] slū, slou^] is wet, smelly, still wet, and has green things floating just beneath [[the]] surface.
Sometimes [[Tapeloops|drier]], but never completely.
The slough is wet, smelly, still wet, and has green things floating just beneath the surface.


Fairfax County Public Schools (FCPS) offers a continuum of advanced academic services for all students in grades K-12. Learning opportunities are designed to meet the unique learning profile of each advanced learner through a continuum of services designed to focus and engage the student in challenging learning experiences that develop higher-level thinking through enrichment, acceleration, and extensions of the Program of Studies (POS).
Our Island Creek Advanced Academic Program teacher (AAP), Ms. Ivey, collaborates with the school staff to determine the appropriate level of advanced academic services. Parents may refer their child for advanced academic services or get additional information on the screening process or advanced academic opportunities at Island Creek by contacting Ms. Ivey at amivey@fcps.edu or by calling 571-642-6300. Ongoing observation and assessment ensures that student needs are being met.


text:
"""Accurate Quantized Training ops."""

from __future__ import annotations

from typing import List, Optional, Tuple

from aqt.common import aqt_common
from aqt.common import aqt_config
from flax import linen as nn
from flax import struct
import jax
import jax.numpy as jnp

def pass_through(x: jnp.ndarray, fn) -> jnp.ndarray:
  # Create an exactly-zero expression with Sterbenz lemma that has an
  # exactly-one gradient.
  return x - jax.lax.stop_gradient(x) + jax.lax.stop_gradient(fn(x))

class Stats(nn.Module):
  """Manages efficient gatherting of running statistics."""

  # This type annotation is what the constructor expects.
  # However nn.Module silently converts it into immutable Tuple, so
  # the methods will observe Tuple[Optional[int], ...]
  data_shape: List[Optional[int]] = struct.field(pytree_node=False)
  config: aqt_config.StatsConfig = struct.field(pytree_node=False)

  def setup(self):
    """Constructor to init a Stats instance.

    Returns:
      A new instance of Stats, with initialized statistics.
    """
    self.config.validate(self.data_shape)
    # TODO(jihwanlee): Move the check below in the config validator.
    if self.config.lp_order > 30:
      raise NotImplementedError('For higher norms we should add stabilization.')
    stats_shape = list(self.data_shape)  # nn.Module converts lists to tuples.
    for axis in self.config.share_stats_axes:
      stats_shape[axis] = 1
    self.stats_shape = stats_shape

    def init_var(init_val: float) -> jnp.ndarray:
      return jnp.full(self.stats_shape, init_val, dtype=jnp.float32)

    def mk_var(name: str, init_val: float) -> nn.Variable:
      return self.variable('aqt', name, init_var, init_val)

    self.ema_update_count = self.config.ema_update_count
    self.sum_of_ones = mk_var('sum_of_ones', self.config.update_count_prior)
    self.sum_of_vals = mk_var(
        'sum_of_vals', self.config.mean_prior * self.config.update_count_prior)
    self.max_of_abs_vals = mk_var('max_of_abs_vals', self.config.max_dev_prior)
    self.sum_of_l1_vals = mk_var(
        'sum_of_l1_vals',
        self.config.l1_dev_prior * self.config.update_count_prior)
    self.sum_of_lp_vals = mk_var(
        'sum_of_lp_vals', self.config.lp_dev_prior**self.config.lp_order *
        self.config.update_count_prior)

  def __call__(self):
    # Keep __call__() just not to require users to explicitly specify which
    # method should be called when invoking init().
    pass

  # TODO(lew): Remvoe override_ema_update_count.
  #   override_ema_update_count is used only in tests and is a hack.
  #   However replacing it with  self.ema_update_count does not work,
  #   because nn.Model will not allow to access it from outside.
  #   I'm not sure how this should be solved cleanly.
  def update(self,
             x: jnp.ndarray,
             weight: Optional[jnp.ndarray],
             override_ema_update_count=None):
    """Returns a new Stats object with updated statistics.

    Since flax.struct.dataclass objects are frozen, thie update method uses
    the dataclass.replace method to get a new object replacing the existing
    statistics with new ones and returns it.

    Args:
      x: input array to update the current statistics with.
      weight: weight for the input array x.
      override_ema_update_count: use this value instead of the one in config.

    Returns:
      Anew object of Stats with updated statistics.
    """
    aqt_common.check_shapes_conformal(x.shape, self.data_shape)
    if weight is not None and len(x.shape) != len(weight.shape):
      raise ValueError(
          f'expected rank(x)={len(x.shape)} == rank(weight)={weight.shape}')

    def update_var(var, s, reduce_max=False):
      assert len(s.shape) == len(self.data_shape), (s.shape, self.data_shape)
      assert s.size > 0
      if weight is not None:
        if reduce_max:
          # A maximum is a maximum, regardless of its nonzero weight.
          s = jnp.where(weight > 0, s, 0)
        else:
          s = s * weight
      reduce_fn = jnp.max if reduce_max else jnp.sum
      s = reduce_fn(s, axis=self.config.share_stats_axes, keepdims=True)
      if self.config.tpu_cross_replica_sum:
        raise NotImplementedError(
            'support for tpu_cross_replica_sum=True is not implemented')
      override = override_ema_update_count
      rate = 1.0 / (override if override is not None else self.ema_update_count)
      var.value = (1.0 - rate) * var.value + rate * s

    # Layers such as ReLU emit zeros often. In such cases, we can model
    # the non-sparse distribution of weights separately, resulting in
    # unbiased estimation of non-sparse mean l1 and lp.
    # This clips away less of the distribution of inputs.
    if self.config.filter_zeros:
      ones = jnp.where(x != 0, 1., 0.)
    else:
      ones = jnp.ones_like(x)

    px = x if self.config.lp_order % 2 == 0 else jnp.abs(x)

    update_var(self.sum_of_ones, ones)
    update_var(self.sum_of_vals, x)
    update_var(self.max_of_abs_vals, jnp.abs(x), reduce_max=True)
    update_var(self.sum_of_l1_vals, jnp.abs(x))
    update_var(self.sum_of_lp_vals, px**self.config.lp_order)

  def mean(self) -> jnp.ndarray:
    return self.sum_of_vals.value / self.sum_of_ones.value

  def max_dev(self) -> jnp.ndarray:
    return self.max_of_abs_vals.value

  def l1_dev(self) -> jnp.ndarray:
    return self.sum_of_l1_vals.value / self.sum_of_ones.value

  def lp_dev(self) -> jnp.ndarray:
    if self.config.lp_order == 2:
      # sqrt() is numerically more accurate
      return jnp.sqrt(self.sum_of_lp_vals.value / self.sum_of_ones.value)
    else:
      # TODO(b/205769820): Make sure if the output of pow op below is
      # numerically valid.
      return (self.sum_of_lp_vals.value /
              self.sum_of_ones.value)**(1.0 / self.config.lp_order)

  def bound(  #
      self, calibration_config: aqt_config.CalibrationConfig) -> jnp.ndarray:
    """Compute the upper bound on input tensor values, broadcastable to input."""
    return (calibration_config.l1_dev_coeff * self.l1_dev() +  #
            calibration_config.lp_dev_coeff * self.lp_dev() +  #
            calibration_config.max_dev_coeff * self.max_dev() +  #
            calibration_config.const_bound_coeff)

def is_config_active(config: aqt_config.AqtTensorConfig,
                     event_count: jnp.ndarray) -> bool:
  """Return whether the configuration is active at event_count."""
  config.validate()
  should_q = True
  if config.begin_at_event is not None:
    should_q &= config.begin_at_event <= event_count
  if config.end_at_event is not None:
    should_q &= event_count < config.end_at_event
  return should_q

class TensorQuantizer(nn.Module):
  """Maintains state associated with the quantization of an input tensor.

  A TensorQuantizer owns observed statistics for an input tensor, along with
  variables for the scale and event_count copy, recording the last time of then
  most recent update to this `TensorQuantizer` class.

  This class provides state-mutating methods for updating statistics for every
  observation of an input tensor and is used by AQT methods to derive
  calibration bounds.

  TensorQuantizer assumes the supplied `event_count` strictly monotonically
  increases across `TensorQuantizer.update` calls and starts out strictly
  greater than `int32.min`.

  Attributes:
    data_shape: the shape of input tensor. Some dimensions may be of unknown
      size, but these must have stats shared in `config.stats_config`. In this
      case, use of quanitzed variable is disallowed.
    config: A training quantization schedule.
    quantized_variable: If provided during initialization, stores the quantized
      version of the observed tensor from the most recent `update()`.
  """
  data_shape: List[Optional[int]]
  config: Optional[aqt_config.AqtScheduleConfig] = None

  def setup(self):
    if self.config is not None:
      self.config.fill_gaps_with_float_config()
      self.config.validate(self.data_shape)
      self._stats = Stats(self.data_shape, self.config.stats_config)
      self._scale = self.variable('TensorQuantizer', 'scale', jnp.zeros,
                                  self._stats.stats_shape, jnp.float32)
      self._inv_scale = self.variable('TensorQuantizer', 'inv_scale', jnp.zeros,
                                      self._stats.stats_shape, jnp.float32)
      if self.config.use_quantized_variable:
        self.quantized_variable = self.variable('TensorQuantizer',
                                                'quantized_variable', jnp.zeros,
                                                self.data_shape, jnp.int8)
      else:
        self.quantized_variable = self.variable('TensorQuantizer',
                                                'quantized_variable',
                                                lambda: None)
      self._last_update = self.variable('TensorQuantizer', 'last_update',
                                        lambda: jnp.iinfo(jnp.int32).min)

  def __call__(self):
    # Keep __call__() just not to require users to explicitly specify which
    # method should be called when invoking init().
    pass

  def _fresh_scale(
      self,
      config: aqt_config.AqtTensorConfig) -> Tuple[jnp.ndarray, jnp.ndarray]:
    """Returns an updated scale provided by a config or the current one if None."""
    if isinstance(config.quant_config, aqt_config.FloatConfig):
      # We shouldn't update the scale if the given config contains FloatConfig;
      # fill with a poison value if we get into this situation.
      nan = jnp.full(self._stats.stats_shape, jnp.nan, dtype=jnp.float32)
      return nan, nan

    x_bound = self._stats.bound(config.calibration_config)
    clip_bound = aqt_common.get_clip_bound(config.quant_config)

    new_scale = clip_bound / x_bound
    inv_scale = x_bound / clip_bound
    return new_scale, inv_scale

  def clip_range(self) -> jnp.ndarray:
    """Returns the tensor clip range or zeros if no int config is active."""
    for config in self.config.tensor_configs:
      if (is_config_active(config, self._last_update.value) and
          isinstance(config.quant_config, aqt_config.IntQuantConfig)):
        clip_bound = aqt_common.get_clip_bound(config.quant_config)
        return self._inv_scale.value * clip_bound
    return jnp.zeros(self._stats.stats_shape)

  def update(
      self,  #
      sample: jnp.ndarray,
      weight: Optional[jnp.ndarray],
      event_count: jnp.ndarray):
    """Updates statistics, scale, and quantized variable."""

    if self.config is None:
      return

    active_configs = [
        c for c in self.config.tensor_configs
        if is_config_active(c, event_count)
    ]

    if len(active_configs) == 1:
      self._update_config(active_configs[0], sample, weight, event_count)
    else:
      raise ValueError('There must be exactly one active config.')

  def _update_config(
      self,  #,
      config: aqt_config.AqtTensorConfig,
      sample: jnp.ndarray,
      weight: Optional[jnp.ndarray],
      event_count: jnp.ndarray):
    """update(), but with active `config`."""

    should_update_scale = self._should_update_scale(config, event_count)
    self._last_update.value = event_count

    self._stats.update(sample, weight)

    new_scale, inv_scale = jax.lax.cond(
        should_update_scale,  #
        lambda: self._fresh_scale(config),
        lambda: (self._scale.value, self._inv_scale.value))
    self._scale.value = new_scale
    self._inv_scale.value = inv_scale

    if (self.config.use_quantized_variable and
        isinstance(config.quant_config, aqt_config.IntQuantConfig) and
        config.quant_config.compatible_with_int8()):
      scale, _ = self._get_quant_scale(train=True)
      sample = scale * sample
      new_var = self._to_quant(
          sample, train=True).astype(self.quantized_variable.value.dtype)
      self.quantized_variable.value = new_var

  def _should_update_scale(
      self,  #
      config: aqt_config.AqtTensorConfig,
      event_count: jnp.ndarray) -> bool:
    """Returns if scale should be updated for the config and event count."""
    if isinstance(config.quant_config, aqt_config.FloatConfig):
      return False

    if not config.freeze_scale_at_begin:
      return True

    # The first time a config is active, even if we freeze scale, we should
    # update the scale.
    was_previously_inactive = not is_config_active(config,
                                                   self._last_update.value)

    # We rely on jnp.int32.min being an illegal event count value, so that
    # even if is_config_active(config, jnp.int32.min), we still update scale.
    # This could happen if the very first update happens for a config which
    # has freeze_scale_at_begin and begin=None.
    assert event_count > jnp.iinfo(jnp.int32).min, ('event_count cannot be '
                                                    'int32.min')

    first_event = jnp.array(self._last_update.value == jnp.iinfo(jnp.int32).min)

    return was_previously_inactive | first_event

  def _to_quant(self, x: jnp.ndarray, train: bool) -> jnp.ndarray:
    """Quantizes x with active quant config, if any, else act as identity."""

    def qparams(
        config: aqt_config.AqtTensorConfig,
        check_active: bool = True
    ) -> Tuple[bool, jnp.array, jnp.array, jnp.array]:
      """Returns parameters for AQT quantization routine."""

      should_quantize = False
      clip_bound = jnp.array(0.0)
      shift_before = jnp.array(0.0)
      shift_after = jnp.array(0.0)

      config_active = is_config_active(config, self._last_update.value)
      config_active = not check_active or config_active

      if isinstance(config.quant_config, aqt_config.FloatConfig):
        clip_bound = jnp.where(config_active, float('inf'), 0.0)
        return should_quantize, clip_bound, shift_before, shift_after
      elif isinstance(config.quant_config, aqt_config.IntQuantConfig):
        should_quantize |= config_active
        config_active = jnp.float32(config_active)

        clip_bound += config_active * aqt_common.safe_clip_bound(
            config.quant_config)

        if config.quant_config.preserve_zero:
          shift_before += config_active * 0.5
        else:
          shift_after += config_active * 0.5

        return should_quantize, clip_bound, shift_before, shift_after
      else:
        raise NotImplementedError(
            'Only supporting FloatConfig and IntQuantConfig for now.')

    if self.config is None:
      clip_bound = jnp.array(float('inf'))
      shift_before = shift_after = 0.0
      should_quantize = False
    elif not train and self.config.inference_config_index is not None:
      should_quantize, clip_bound, shift_before, shift_after = qparams(
          self.config.tensor_configs[self.config.inference_config_index],
          check_active=False)
    elif self.config.tensor_configs:
      should_quantize, clip_bound, shift_before, shift_after = zip(
          *map(qparams, self.config.tensor_configs))
      should_quantize = any(should_quantize)
      clip_bound = sum(clip_bound)
      shift_before = sum(shift_before)
      shift_after = sum(shift_after)
    else:
      clip_bound = shift_before = shift_after = 0.0
      should_quantize = False

    maybe_floor = (lambda y: jnp.where(should_quantize, jnp.floor(y), y))

    # Note that backprop does not depend directly on the value of _last_update
    # or any_config_active; only scales and constants need to be maintained
    # and there's no branching on ops including the input tensor x. This
    # results in significant memory reduction, see cl/415355150.
    x = jnp.clip(x, -clip_bound, clip_bound)
    x += shift_before
    x = pass_through(x, maybe_floor)
    # TODO(b/219778053): Add a test that validates the shift of values. Mutants
    # found that removing the line below doesn't affect any tests.
    x += shift_after

    return x

  def _get_quant_scale(self, train: bool) -> jnp.ndarray:
    """Returns scales to quantize/dequantize the active quant config, if any, else ones."""
    if self.config is None:
      scale = inv_scale = jnp.array(1.0, dtype=jnp.float32)
      return scale, inv_scale

    if not train and self.config.inference_config_index is not None:
      inference_config = self.config.tensor_configs[
          self.config.inference_config_index]
      should_quantize = isinstance(inference_config.quant_config,
                                   aqt_config.IntQuantConfig)
    else:
      should_quantize = False
      for config in self.config.tensor_configs:
        if isinstance(config.quant_config, aqt_config.FloatConfig):
          continue
        config_active = is_config_active(config, self._last_update.value)
        should_quantize |= config_active

    scale = jnp.where(should_quantize, self._scale.value,
                      jnp.ones_like(self._scale.value))
    inv_scale = jnp.where(should_quantize, self._inv_scale.value,
                          jnp.ones_like(self._inv_scale.value))

    return scale, inv_scale


text:
Astraea klotzschii är en törelväxtart som beskrevs av Ferdinand Didrichsen. Astraea klotzschii ingår i släktet Astraea och familjen törelväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Törelväxter
klotzschii


We have a lot of fun in the International Communication Club! We have two activities: One is using English and one using Korean. The English section meets after school on Wednesdays to play games in English or watch movies, and also on Fridays during lunch for a fun conversation.The Korean section meets after school on Fridays. We enjoy learning about other countries together and about how to communicate internationally. Why don't you join us?
Activities:-Watching movies in English (Japanese subtitles possible)!
-Talking in English! -Learning Korean! -Playing lots of games!
금요일마다한국어를즐겁게공부하고있습니다! 문법과단어를배우고, 동영상을볼때도있습니다. 한국문화에조금이라도관심이있는분!! 한번오세요.


text:
Linda Mantooth's Quote Gallery
Piano Quotes
These are some of Linda's favorite quotes about pianos and piano playing.
"I sense that the instrument is alive - that when I listen closely for nuance and tone, the inanimate world of strings, wood, pins and steel comes to life. When I honor the piano's vitality and complexity, I can't tell whether I am playing the piano or it is playing me."
--Michael Jones
"The piano exists apart from the performer. You must coax it to be a partner, and some pianos can be resistant. But there are many ways to touch a piano - and if the player invests the time, effort, and the will to love, the response of the instrument is absolutely enormous."
--Kostia
"The piano is a divinely inspired instrument, a mirror held up to its player's soul that captures the light and shadow of the performer and reflects them back to the listener."
--David Lanz
"The piano has been my diary. I have gone to it to document my life experiences - whether deeply personal events or to simply record a memory in the snow, or the light on the land. It is the heartbeat of every piece I have ever written."
--Michael Gettel
"I have been playing piano since my childhood - and to this day I am still fascinated by the creative journeys it takes me on. Somehow I am sure the piano will remain a constant in my life."
--Wayne Gratz
"The piano is always true to me. In times of despair, happiness, and joy, its mood is always my own."
--Bradley Joseph
"I love the piano and those who love the piano. The piano as a medium for expression is a whole world by itself. No other instrument can fill or replace its own say in the world of emotion, sentiment, poetry, imagery and fancy."
--Leopold Godowsky in a letter to Maurice Aronson (Paris, 10th July 1931)
Click on the pianos below to view Linda's other pages
Copyright © 2010 Piano Portraits Music. All Rights Reserved.


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text:
Qudus Wahab Greg Williams Vince Cole Julian Champagnie Posh Alexander Jahvon Blair Sports Men's basketball Men's sports Basketball Men's college basketball College basketball College sports
Big East St. John's Georgetown
Williams leads St. John's past Georgetown 94-83
NEW YORK (AP) — Greg Williams Jr. scored a career-high 26 points as St. John's beat Georgetown 94-83 on Sunday night, ending a three-game skid.
Williams shot 4 for 6 from behind the arc. Julian Champagnie, the Big East Conference leading scorer, added 20 points and also hit four 3-pointers. Champagnie added nine rebounds as the Red Storm avenged a three-point loss to the Hoyas a week earlier.
Vince Cole had 17 points for St. John's (6-4, 1-3 Big East). Isaih Moore added 12 points and Posh Alexander 10.
Jahvon Blair had 25 points and six assists for the Hoyas (3-4, 1-2). Donald Carey added 19 points, making five 3-pointers. Qudus Wahab had 12 points before fouling out.
St. John's took control with an 18-5 run over four-plus minutes midway through the second half, building a 76-57 lead. Moore and Alexander scored seven and six points, respectively, during the surge when the Red Storm made seven of 10 shots. The Hoyas, over the same span, were 1-for-9 shooting, 1-for-5 from deep.
The game was the 118th meeting between the two charter Big East members and the first on the Queens campus since the 1980-81 season.
Elements of this story were generated by Automated Insights, http://www.automatedinsights.com/ap, using data from STATS LLC, https://www.stats.com


text:
Armin was grateful that Theodore could not turn back time.
If that had been possible, he would have gone straight to his former self and stabbed a knife in his stomach.
Theodore, who was staring at himself in the mirror, had an eerie and creepy atmosphere.
"Your Majesty, please calm down.
It is impossible to turn back time…..First of all…."
At that, Theodore opened his eyes wide.
Yeah, it was impossible to kill his past self.
However, it was impossible to kill his present self.
"Without me, Yves….."
Theodore looked at Yves's corpse on the bed with pitying eyes.
Even now, he barely managed to maintain the appearance she had when she was alive.
Thinking of that lovely body rotting to the ground, he just wanted to rip his heart apart.
'Why did I do that Could it be that I am also under black magic'
Theodore couldn't comprehend his past self, who treated such a lovely girl as badly as he did.
Then suddenly he remembered Katarina, who constantly whispered bad things about Yves.
'Yeah, Katarina, that sly woman drove a wedge between me and Yves.'
But that thought was immediately shattered.
It was me who was suspicious of and wary of Yves.
Even though she said she didn't want to escort Katarina, I was the one who sent her out without hesitation.
I only encouraged the woman.'
Was he the one who was swayed by the words of others All those karma were the tower of sins that he had built up.
Suddenly, a cold laugh erupted from his teeth.
"Yeah, it's all my fault.
I killed you, Yves."
In the meantime, his eyes towards her were only tender.
"That's why you don't look at me.
That's why you don't open your eyes."
"Ha, Your Majesty…"
Armin looked at Theodore, who was talking to himself, in a bizarre way.
"… Your Majesty, first of all, Miss Katarina…"
"Of course I have to go see her.
Isn't she the lovely fiancée who is carrying my child"
Theodore replied with a terrifying smile.
Armin became very uneasy because of the murderous intent in those eyes.
'I'm sure he's going to have a big accident if he continued to be like this…'
"Next, you need to decide on the issue of the future of His Highness Ernst."
Originally, Prince Ernst was scheduled to leave the palace shortly after Theodore's engagement ceremony.
However, after Theodore's engagement was ruined, Ernst's future was very vague.
Theodore remembered Ernst who had come to him a while ago and argued with him.
That stupid bastard who was looking for Yvonne out of nowhere.
Yves and Yvonne were two different people…
Without knowing how to tell the difference, he dared to argue with him with that voice.
Theodore was furious at Ernst.
Then suddenly he had a question.
'No, are they really different'
The moment Theodore thought of the two women together, a strong headache suddenly occurred.
Theodore sank to the floor, wrapping his head with both his hands.
Armin was surprised to see Theodore, who did not respond due to considerable pain, and supported him.
"Your Majesty! Are you okay…… ! Doctor.
… !"
Don't call him."
The headache he felt every time he tried to recall his memories after the fall.
It was also the headache he felt whenever he was with Yves.
Because of this headache, Theodore has rejected her even more.
Every time he saw her his head hurt, so he threw tantrums at her and got angry.
But this headache that felt like his head would split in half every time, he now felt like he could endure for her who was next to him.
A widespread rapture flashed across Theodore's face.
He murmured in an ecstatic voice.
"This is… Yves returned to me."
He was willing to bear the pain, so he smiled as he thought of their future together and bent his eyes with joy.
He smiled so broadly that even small teardrops were hanging from the corners of his eyes.
Seeing Theodore like that, Armin let out a sigh.
'His Majesty…is really crazy…'
Katarina lost everything in a sudden accident on the day of her engagement.
It was the perfect moment for her to become the Emperor's fiancée, and she missed that great opportunity.
The assassins who broke in were after her.
But it felt strange.
'Why the hell were they aiming at me Is this the work of those who check Ferdinand's power'
Anyway, in the meantime, Yvonne died.
It was a pity that she had died while she was trying to save her, but Katarina was glad she died.
Yvonne Chernicia was a woman who could shake Theodore at any time.
But the problem started after that.
Benjamin imprisoned Katarina under the guise of calming her down from the frightening incident.
Also, in the most remote place in the mansion.
In this old building, like dealing with criminals.
"How is this healing It's confinement!"
Katarina waited for Theodore to come to her.
The Emperor will surely come to find her, even to find traces of Yvonne Chernicia.
She believed so and waited, but his visit was later than expected.
"Why is he so late"
Katarina was just worried.
"Is he going to give up on her (Yvonne) now"
But Katarina immediately erased her anxiety.
Hadn't she already seen how obsessed Theodore was with Yvonne
"No, wait a little longer and the emperor will come and take me out."
Katarina struggled to convince herself.
She hoped that Theodore's visit would not be too late.
Her current situation was ridiculous.
Her clothes weren't even properly worn, and this old room had no heating, so it was chilly even in broad daylight.
Meals were not served properly, and her unmanaged nails became rough.
"How did I get in this situation…."
Tick.
Katarina muttered sullenly, nibbling her nails.
Half a year ago, she lost the contract of Yves Llewellyn's master and servant to Emperor Theodore.
She knew that it was the master-servant document that Benjamin had allowed her to be arrogant, but when she lost it, he despised and humiliated herself to the point of persecution.
Katarina was terrified of Benjamin who was persecuting her.
Now that you've run out of value, there's no need to keep you alive.
No, I'll prove my worth…… !
Katarina had to do anything to survive.
How Emperor Theodore doesn't want to see you anymore.
Obviously, there must be a way…
You're right.
There is one way, though.
Benjamin said with a smirk.
The point where Emperor Theodore changed.
I'm going to get rid of his memory.
It was impossible to change time.
Instead, it was possible to erase the memory with black magic.
It required Ferdinand's blood as it was a very difficult procedure, and on the day the procedure was done, it would be a great strain on the body of the spell caster.
Benjamin knew that one day the spell would break, because Theodore had already broken the magic of the dead Rudolph once.
So he handed Katarina a book of black magic and urged her to kill Theodore's memory.
Katarina wept and made the spell with her own blood.
Shortly thereafter, news of Emperor Theodore's fall came.
And seeing Theodore again, he looked like someone who had really lost his memory.
It was successful.
The broken marriage continued again, and a deal was made between the Emperor and Ferdinand.
Everything went smoothly.
It was a by-product of that process that Katarina learned that Yves Llewellyn was Yvonne Chernicia.
Besides that, Katarina learned a lot.
For example…it was Benjamin who killed his father Rudolph Ferdinand and Empress Margaret …
Katarina bit her sharp nails as she thought of the dangerous man.
As she recalled the man's eerie smile, a chill ran deep into her lungs.
Leaving the Imperial Palace and staying in Ferdinand's mansion, I enjoyed a wonderful luxury after a long time.
In the best room on the same floor as the master, nice clothes that fill the closet and delicious food constantly on offer….
When I stayed here as Ferdinand's apprentice knight, it was something I had never enjoyed.
However, I still didn't like this place.
"How are you, Yves"
Sitting at a round table, Benjamin asked me.
"Are there any inconveniences"
It's such a good luxury, it's too much."
"I'm glad."
He smiled brightly and said proudly.
"It's worthwhile to train the servants.
I told them that there shouldn't be any mistakes in serving you."
I was grateful to him for that, but it was a little burdensome.
"You don't even have to do that for me.
I'll leave for a foreign country when it calms down a bit."
At that, Benjamin paused.
"You're leaving"
"Yeah, once I leave for a foreign country…"
When I was explaining my plans for the future and holding a spoonful of pudding, suddenly I vomited.
Benjamin, startled, got up from his seat.
"Yves Are you okay Let's see a doctor right now..… !"
"It's okay, Benjamin."
I immediately stood up and grabbed his arm as he was about to call the doctor.
"It's just morning sickness."
Benjamin looked at me once, as if hearing very unfamiliar words, then realized the meaning of the words, and his expression hardened.