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List of heads of government of Libya
This article lists the heads of government of Libya since the country's independence in 1951.
1 Heads of government of Libya (1951–present)
1.1 Kingdom of Libya (1951–1969)
1.2 Libya under Gaddafi (1969–2011)
1.2.1 Libyan Arab Republic (1969–1977)
1.2.2 Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011)
1.3 Transitional period (2011–present)
Heads of government of Libya (1951–present)Edit
Kingdom of Libya (1951–1969)Edit
Time in office
Mahmud al-Muntasir
1903–1970 29 March 1951 19 February 1954 2 years, 327 days Independent
First tenure in the office. Served as Acting Prime Minister until 24 December 1951.
Muhammad Sakizli
1892–1976 19 February 1954 12 April 1954 52 days Independent
Mustafa Ben Halim
1921– 12 April 1954 26 May 1957 3 years, 44 days Independent
Abdul Majid Kubar
1909–1988 26 May 1957 17 October 1960 3 years, 144 days Independent
Muhammad Osman Said
1924–2007 17 October 1960 19 March 1963 2 years, 153 days Independent
Mohieddin Fikini
1925–1994 19 March 1963 20 January 1964 307 days Independent
1903–1970 20 January 1964 20 March 1965 1 year, 59 days Independent
Second tenure in the office.
Hussein Maziq
1918–2006 20 March 1965 2 July 1967 2 years, 104 days Independent
Abdul Qadir al-Badri
1921–2003 2 July 1967 25 October 1967 115 days Independent
Abdul Hamid al-Bakkoush
1933–2007 25 October 1967 4 September 1968 315 days Independent
Wanis al-Qaddafi
1922–1986 4 September 1968 31 August 1969 361 days Independent
Deposed in the 1969 coup d'état.
Libya under Gaddafi (1969–2011)Edit
Libyan Arab Republic (1969–1977)Edit
Mahmud Suleiman Maghribi
1935–2009 8 September 1969 16 January 1970 130 days Independent
1942–2011 16 January 1970 16 July 1972 2 years, 182 days Military /
Arab Socialist Union
Simultaneously served as the Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council.
Abdessalam Jalloud
1944– 16 July 1972 2 March 1977 4 years, 229 days Military /
Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011)Edit
General Secretaries of the General People's Committee
Abdul Ati al-Obeidi
1939– 2 March 1977 2 March 1979 2 years, 0 days Independent
(Islamic socialist)
Afterwards served as Secretary-General of the General People's Congress (head of state), from 1979 to 1981.
Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi
1939– 2 March 1979 16 February 1984 4 years, 351 days Independent
First tenure in the office.
Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab
1940– 16 February 1984 3 March 1986 2 years, 15 days Independent
Previously served as Secretary-General of the General People's Congress (head of state), from 1981 to 1984. Afterwards served as Governor of the Central Bank of Libya, from 1987 to 1990 and in 2011.
1939– 3 March 1986 1 March 1987 363 days Independent
Second tenure in the office. Served at the time of the 1986 United States bombing (Operation El Dorado Canyon).
Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir
1939–2001 1 March 1987[1] 7 October 1990 3 years, 220 days Independent
Abuzed Omar Dorda
1944– 7 October 1990 29 January 1994 3 years, 114 days Independent
Afterwards served as head of the Mukhabarat el-Jamahiriya (national intelligence service), from 2009 to 2011.[2][3]
Abdul Majid al-Qa′ud
1943– 29 January 1994 29 December 1997 3 years, 334 days Independent
Muhammad Ahmad al-Mangoush
1967– 29 December 1997 1 March 2000 2 years, 63 days Independent
Imbarek Shamekh
1952– 1 March 2000 14 June 2003 3 years, 105 days Independent
Shukri Ghanem
1942–2012 14 June 2003 5 March 2006[4] 2 years, 264 days Independent
Baghdadi Mahmudi
1945– 5 March 2006 23 August 2011 5 years, 171 days Independent
Served at the time of the 2011 Civil War and the concurrent foreign military intervention. Deposed during the Battle of Tripoli.
Transitional period (2011–present)Edit
Head of the Executive Team of the National Transitional Council
Mahmoud Jibril
1952–2020 5 March 2011 23 March 2011 18 days Independent
In rebellion, based in Benghazi.
Acting Prime Minister
1952–2020 23 March 2011 23 October 2011 214 days Independent
In rebellion to 23 August 2011, based in Benghazi during this period.
Ali Tarhouni
1951– 23 October 2011 24 November 2011 32 days Independent
Deputy Prime Minister, assumed office as caretaker.
Abdurrahim El-Keib
1950–2020 24 November 2011 14 November 2012 356 days Independent
Ali Zeidan
1950– 14 November 2012 11 March 2014 1 year, 117 days National Party for Development and Welfare
Briefly kidnapped by armed militants during the 2013 coup d'état attempt. Survived the February 2014 coup d'état attempt.
Following the 2014 legislative election, the government was split between the newly-elected House of Representatives and the outgoing General National Congress, resulting in the ongoing civil war. The 2014 legislative election have been declared invalid by the Libyan Supreme Court in November 2014.
Abdullah al-Thani
1954– 11 March 2014 5 April 2016 2 years, 25 days Independent
In rebellion, based in Tobruk from August 2014, then in Beida. Internationally recognized until 12 March 2016. Acting Prime Minister until 8 April 2014. Survived the May 2014 coup d'état attempt.
Ahmed Maiteeq
1972– 25 May 2014 9 June 2014 15 days Independent
Appointment declared invalid by the Libyan Supreme Court.
Omar al-Hassi
1949– 6 September 2014 31 March 2015 206 days Independent
In rebellion, based in Tripoli. Prime Minister of the National Salvation Government.
Khalifa al-Ghawil
1964– 31 March 2015 5 April 2016 1 year, 5 days Independent
In rebellion, based in Tripoli. Prime Minister of the National Salvation Government. Served as Acting Prime Minister until 1 December 2015.
Following the inauguration of the Presidential Council and the Government of National Accord, the government remain split between the House of Representatives and the National Salvation Government, recreated after the 2016 coup d'état attempt. However, the High Council of State, based in Tripoli recognizes the GNA.
Fayez al-Sarraj
1960– 5 April 2016 Incumbent 4 years, 282 days Independent
Internationally recognized, based in Tripoli. Prime Minister of the Government of National Accord, simultaneously serving as the Chairman of the Presidential Council.
1964– 14 October 2016 16 March 2017 153 days Independent
In rebellion, based in Tripoli. Prime Minister of the recreated National Salvation Government.
Based in opposition in Tobruk, Prime Minister of the House of Representatives.
List of Governors-General of Italian Libya
List of heads of state of Libya
Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution
^ "The World". LA Times. 3 March 1987. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
^ "Libyan ex-PM named new spy chief". IOL. Agence France-Presse. 12 April 2009. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
^ William Maclean (11 September 2011). "Exclusive: At bay, captured Libyan spy chief defiant". Reuters. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
^ "Libya's reforming premier sacked". BBC News. 6 March 2006. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
World Statesmen – Libya
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_heads_of_government_of_Libya&oldid=998811358"


Well, the virtual tour for Fagin's Boy by Christina E. Pilz is officially over but we're not quite ready to stop talking about this fabulous book! Today I am pleased as punch to welcome Christina to Passages to the Past. She's here with a fascinating post and as a special bonus we have one eBook to give away!
Thank you for letting me do a guest blog post on your site; Fagin's Boy is still my new baby, and I'm pleased to share him with the world. I thought, that in light of this being the end of my virtual book tour with Historical Fiction Book Tours, I would try to think about the hardest part of writing, and about what makes (or helps) a writer push through to the endgame. I wanted to talk about fear.
Being afraid is a large part of being a writer. But, luckily, so is being brave. And smart. And confident. Of course, the confidence can waver from time to time, so that's where the brave comes in. You have to be brave to keep going when you are filled with so much self-doubt you could drown with it. And then comes the anger. Or, at the very least, a bull-headed determination not to let The Man wear you down to the point where you just do as he says, and go about your business, for there are no dreams to be lived here.
Amidst this jumble of emotions that already belong to practically every writer, I wrote Fagin's Boy. I wrote it after my first layoff, and I wrote it after my second layoff. I wrote it while I was unemployed (twice, for almost a year each time), and I wrote it while I was employed. I thought about writing it while I lay under the surgeon's knife (twice) for a strange sort of oral cancer that has so few statistics that I'm not even a statistic. I wrote it as my father lay dying, and again (still) as my mother passed away. I grit my teeth and wrote it, even as all around me seemed a vast wasteland of aridity and despair. I wrote it and kept writing it because I could not do anything else that would keep me afloat.
I wanted the book to be better than it is, but there was no other story for me to tell about Oliver and Jack than what's between those pages. I longed to talk to someone about it, but those with whom I could easily converse about writing are no longer in my life. I wanted to keep the story close to my heart, and yet, I knew that the day would come when I would have to release it, and let the world judge as it would. Yet even with this trepidation, pushing the publish button on January 1, 2014, was like coming to the surface after a long time being underwater. That gasp of air, fresh and new, was as a new world to me.
So what have I learned from all this? (For surely there's a lesson in there somewhere.) That writing is my lifeline, and without it, I would be able to survive, let alone converse with others like a regular human being.
I have mentioned that Fagin's Boy was a touchstone for me, and it's very true. From the time I started it to the day it was published, I used the in-progress work as a way to assure myself that this one thing, at least, was true and good. That I should keep going because the alternative was so much worse and that from it, other good things would come. My life has changed so much from the first day I put pen to paper because yes, the good stuff has come, at last.
I've met and worked with so many good, talented, and kind people, that I'm amazed. They were out there all this time, and I never knew? I did something I'd never done before, and it worked out okay. I went to the Historical Novel Society's writer's convention last year and learned so much about marketing and the publishing industry, and about the people in that industry who think that they can tell you what to do. And also people in that same industry who, conversely, want nothing but the best for you and your book.
I learned that readers would not be up in arms about the path that Oliver and I took during this story. The feedback has been mostly positive, with some good criticism thrown in here and there, and this has given me great confidence. Not necessarily that I'm the best writer in the world, not by a long shot. But more importantly, that I have a voice and I can say what I want to say, and in the way that I want to say it. I can do this again. I can do it better, faster, with more heart and soul than I did before. And, last but not least, I know for sure 100% that there dreams to be lived here.
Five years after Fagin was hanged in Newgate, Oliver Twist, at the age of seventeen, is a young man of good breeding and fine manners, living a quiet life in a corner of London. When Oliver loses his protector and guardian, he is able, with the help of Mr. Brownlow's friends, to find employment in a well-respected haberdashery in Soho.
However, in the midst of these changes, Jack Dawkins, also known as the Artful Dodger arrives in London, freshly returned from being deported. Oliver's own inability to let go of his past, as well as his renewed and intimate acquaintance with Jack, take him back to the life he thought he'd left behind.
Visit Christina Pilz's website for more information. You can connect with her on Facebook and Twitter.
Passages to the Past has one eBook up for grabs. To enter please complete the form below. Giveaway is open internationally and ends on March 31st.
This sounds a good read.
The summary sounds great and I love the cover!
OLIVER TWIST is a great favorite. Love the idea for your story.
I am very intrigued by the idea of exploring the Dickensian fictional landscape further in the way this novel endeavors to do. I hope I get the chance to read it! Thanks for this feature and chance to win!


When you have several teeth that need to be replaced you may want to consider having a dental bridge installed. Dr. Miller works with leading dental bridge specialists around Schaumburg, IL to ensure your smile is restored to a healthy and great looking state.
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Home Categories Golf The Origins and History of Golf Game
The Origins and History of Golf Game
Nobody knows exactly where and when the history of golf game was born. Legend has it that it was invented by Scottish sheep shepherds who hit the stone with a stick, the first records of the game come from 1457, it is also known that Maria Stuart liked to play golf game and the first golf club was founded in the mid-18th century.
History Of Golf Game
The genealogy of the golf game remains unclear today. Supposedly, in medieval Europe, there were several games of hitting a small wooden ball with metal clubs at a target. In the West, in the streets of France and Italy, pallemaille was played passionately (when the game arrived in England in the 17th century, a playing area was built in the center of London, which is still called the Pall Mall). Chole matches were played in large open spaces of Belgian cities, and cola drinks were played at Dutch ice rinks. It can be concluded that it was the Dutch sailors who "brought their golf" to England and Scotland.
Historical sources report that in 1457, the King of Scotland, James IV, issued an edict forbidding the game to his subjects who devoted time to compulsory archery practice. However, the ban was quickly lifted after only five years. The king himself began to play golf game very willingly and passionately. He is credited with the spread of the game (in a form similar to the one we know today) in England and Scotland.
Golf Game Popularity
The golf game has grown in popularity at an alarming rate since then. In the sixteenth century, he gained great fame, among others, thanks to Queen Maria Stuart (a French woman who often played in the so-called caddy) and King Charles. It was during this time (in 1552) that the first golf course in St Andrews was built, which still exists today and is considered one of the most beautiful in the world.
The 18th century was a continuation of the great heyday of golf. At that time, not only clubs that function to this day were created (in 1744 The Gentlemen Golfers of Leith was established), but also the first written rules of the game were created. In the same year, The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews introduced the first rules. No replacement of the ball during the game, no removal of small natural obstacles, no play with the opponent's ball Just 5 years later, the famous St Andrews Society of Golfers club was created, in 1759 the game was presented in the Stroke Play format. In 1764 the tournament was played for the first time on an 18-hole course (which later became a tradition).
Golf In America
Golf was brought to America (in 1786) by Scottish officers and it took a good 100 years for the game to take root in the New Continent. The first real American club was founded in 1873 in Montreal, Canada.
The imperial British policy of the nineteenth century became a significant driving force behind the development of golf. The game made its way east. Clubs opened in India, Mumbai, New Zealand, South Africa and Australia.
Nowadays, golf is popular all over the world. He gained amazing fame, developed a unique image, and won the hearts of huge crowds. It is undoubtedly the most dynamically developing sport. With the advancement of civilization, more countries in Asia and South America join the group of fans of this discipline. It is already estimated that over 150 million people around the world cultivate it. Few know that they have more active fans than football or tennis. As a curiosity, it can be cited that over 100,000 people can cheer on a golf tournament during 1 tournament.
Today golf tournaments are played in the competition of amateurs and professionals, women and men, individually and in teams. Professional golfers are among the highest-paid athletes in the world.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Looks like Hedrick will make a presentation.
1. He needs to present Scleroderma as a platform for the cell therapy. He never presents new news in the meeting, so why no news re FDA meeting.
2. If there is real new news, CYTX would not hold back. So the silence means FDA may need another phase 3 beyond STAR (?) for approval (??).
Franshei, Friday's action suggested that news could be forthcoming, but this week there has been less than a follow through - not sure what to expect at this point.
Whatever information they have from the FDA, be it phase 3 required or whatever, it's my understanding that they have to make it public within a certain time frame after receiving the FDA's response.
If CYTX has the FDA blessing to file a limited PMA, this is very, very big news. CYTX would not hold this information back. The stock would have rocketed. Yet, we have heard nothing.
Unless, the results of the FDA meeting lead to more discussion, submission of more data and even more work, including preparation of another phase 3 /or a phase 4 (I think phase 4 protocol is unlikely at this stage) protocol for activation later on this year. If this is the case, CYTX does not have to release a PR, till the whole situation is more materialized.
We may not have any news before the JP Morgan Conference.It may come late till the morning of the conference (this situation happened before).
Franshei, if the "FDA had given the blessing to file a limited PMA", is it your opinion that CYTX would have already received that blessing or could it still be forthcoming?
What is the FDA plan from here is unknown to outsiders. For a limited claim, it is very possible that FDA wants more followup data -they may have asked for the 18 month data, which should now be available/or almost available. Since the 12 month data is so close to be statistically significant and if Habeo REALLY works in diffuse cutaneous scleroderma, the 18 month data would be the key for the FDA make a move,without another phase 3 trial.
I think if my assumptions are correct, a FDA material decision would still take some time to reach.
Ugg, more wasted cash burn.
Think CYTX will be fishing for the next financing at JPM ? Surely they wont want common but what about working on a partial sale ?
An FDA decision to allow CYTX to file a limited PMA would be somewhat like a Hail Mary play. Allowing the filing of course is not the same thing as giving approval. However, I do feel that there is substantial proof of efficacy in the diffuse scleroderma population to warrant approval. If 18 month data is enough to push it into statistical significance that would be great. Conceivably they may require validation from merging the the 12 month Scleradec II data for diffuse patients to increase the sample size..... who knows?. The truth though is that CYTX does not have the funds (or skill set) to bring this to market without a partner. Perhaps selling the rights for all indications in Japan may provide the funds necessary to take us over the finish line.
Should approval be given, even on a conditional basis it would be a huge win that would provide the autologous model much needed validation. It would also leapfrog us ahead of virtually everbody else in the regenerative space. Given the autologous nature of our product it would be an almost immediate competitor to every allogeneic product that gets approval (eg. Tigenix-fistula).
The question is whether the FDA wants to be seen to be proactive in the regenerative space. By approving a device such as Celution it sets the bar of what is acceptable from a cGMP basis and provides a device for the broader market of SVF clinics. It would also make it easier to monitor usage (volume and applications). Of course we would still have the elephant in the room issue of how do you price the consumables for what is effecively the same product which is being used in an approved indication such as scleroderma or cosmetic surgery? This for me is a HUGE issue. Given the complexity of reimbursement issues alone, it raises questions that would make this a major undertaking for even well capitalised BP/BB.
1. The JP Morgan presentation for CYTX appears to be 1/8 (Monday), not 1/9.
2. I am sure Hedrick has to make the company visible.
3. I really think the 18 month data for STAR is being gathered or it has already been gathered. From Hedrick's November CC, Cytx went to FDA for a limited claim in diffuse cutaneous scleroderma and we all know Habeo at 24 month is safe and clinical effective (the statistics sit at borderline). I think CYTX has a good case to get the FDA on their side for this medical condition (moderate to serious, but not life threatening with organ involvement - for the very serious condition, CYTOXAN should be used). But, FDA, I believe, needs the 24 + 6 month data to show that Habeo really works. (I have similar situation with the FDA.).
4. As long as Cytori Cell Therapy is part of CYTX, the company needs a FDA approvable indication.
6. However, we would still be in the poor house with just the cell therapy. Our revenue to support the company is AZA/Cytori Nanomedicine - Drugs. Even if we would market in EU through a distributor, the revenue will far exceed what John Harris can do in Japan. I think the initial ATI 0918 EU registration filing will come around mid 2018 with approval in early 2019.
7. Still the company would need more cash less a year from now. How would this be done? I think you have some good clue, but a lot of things can happen in the next 6 months- Sclerodec 2 and hopes for an EU registration filing, news from Japan re urinary Incontinent study, ......(you can fill in the blank).
Now with Sabby backin and John Kerr's continuing faith in CYTX Nanomedicine, let us hope we have a good first half of 2018. better than it was in the past 6 months.
Extending the timeline to get to stat sig may be a option....but then who else gets to do it ?
That is the sticky part as everyone will want a me too clause added to their reported results.
What they have reported to date doesn't get them over the line imho and t Hedrick wont shine a very bright light on the issue beyond what has already been stated at JPM.
As in the French studies, almost all cell therapy studies have longer term followup. It is the nature of cell therapy. The multicenter HIH cell therapy plus cytoxan is also a clear example. FDA knows better than us.They also know the impact of placebo effects in the studies - our body is regenerative in nature and in many mild/moderate medical conditions, the body may take care of itself (I personally think this is the main reason for Habeo's clinical effectiveness in diffuse cutaneous scleroderma and not in early stages of the illness).
Very strange! This event has been deleted from the company website!
franshei wrote: Very strange! This event has been deleted from the company website!
Franshei, is that because it has already been completed, or because the Company cancelled? The latter would be extremely bullish iimo, suggesting significant news that is not quite ready for release.
CYTX would sually present the company on the last day of the conference, ie 1/10. The latest day for the PR would be today. This fee for this presentation is almost $ 6000,00.
This event might have cancelled for some important reason.
On the other hand- the SF conference (was it really JPM or some small other conference?) was never announced in a PR- actually I was waiting for one and since it never came, tuned out on it. Any FDA news - good or bad - is what I am waiting for.
KOOL is one of a few cell therapy companies presenting in the J P Morgan Biotech SAhowcase - It has been a big disaster for KOOL! Stock is dropping sharply, as they are closing down the peripheral/limb ischemia study (ASTM did the same during early phase 3 trials).
BoyALife should not have bought KOOL. CYTX is a better choice.
I take another look at KOOL's new corporate strategy - my conclusion is KOOL has to climb the Rockies to win big, while CYTX's path is much, much better and easier-just the Cascades.
KOOL is one of a few cell therapy companies presenting in the J P Morgan Biotech SAhowcase - It has been a big disaster for KOOL! Stock is dropping sharply, as they are closing down the peripheral/limb study (ASTM did the same during early phase 3 trials).
Franshei, your last sentence - totally agree without question, but CYTX would not have sold then.
This is how you can test Tiago Girao, just like what I have done with the FDA. You can put out your models in different ways for Girao to agree or disagree. Likewise, Wall Street analysts have their own models for the companies to beat the expectation.
I think CYTX has been looking for a Merge and Acquisition opportunity beyond playing solo. But, somehow I think CYTX is very picky to choose the right one. I think the $10 M RO is just buying time = playing with the basics (or what they have for now) and looking around for other options.
BoyALife has really made a major mistake with KOOL.
Franshei, Tiago will no longer respond to me after we had some confrontations - so be it!.
NVAX touting they can salvage their RSV vaccine at JPM and stock popped nicely, why did CYTX cancel their STAR update again ?
Houston, we have a problem...post more job listings !!! LOL Houston job listings.
They popped CYTX and then selling it ? That is your question...WHY ?


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When Pat Boone Made A Heavy Metal Record (Cool Weird Awesome 464)
By Brady Carlson|2021-01-21T08:31:01-05:00January 21, 2021|Categories: Cool Weird Awesome, Podcasts|Tags: childrens music, Finland, heavy metal, music history, Pat Boone|
Our show is always ready to rock, and back in January 1997, some people were surprised to know who else was ready to rock: none other than Pat Boone.
If you weren't around in his heyday, Pat Boone was a hugely popular singer, known originally for doing wholesome versions of early rock and roll songs – critics said he was standing on the shoulders of musical giants like Little Richard, fans said he was bringing great songs to audiences who might not have heard them otherwise.
Boone would also go on to a successful career singing gospel music.
But by the 1990s, he'd made so many records that he and his band joked that the only thing they hadn't done was a record of heavy metal songs.
After a while, the conductor of the band thought, maybe the idea wasn't so bad after all.
Maybe Pat Boone could once again introduce his audience to some great songs they would otherwise miss.
He played some classic hard rock and metal tracks for his boss. Metallica. Hendrix. Deep Purple. AC/DC.
Boone said he'd always ignored the genre because it was so loud, so brash, so much violence in the lyrics.
But as he listened, he liked what he heard: catchy, energetic music.
And he remembered songs like "Mack the Knife," which proved metal wasn't the only type of music that could be morbid.
So Boone and his band made a whole album of big band jazz-style covers of hard rock and heavy metal, with a few guest appearances by hard rockers like Ronnie James Dio, and Deep Purple's Ritchie Blackmore.
Some longtime Pat Boone fans were pretty stunned, and I'm sure a lot of jaws dropped in the metal fanbase too.
And yet the album, called "In A Metal Mood," became one of Boone's biggest sellers in decades.
Some of his contemporaries even tried their hand at modern rock, too, from Paul Anka singing Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit" to Steve Lawrence and Eydie Gorme's rendition of "Black Hole Sun" by Soundgarden.
Pat Boone isn't someone you'd think of first in the heavy metal demographic, but, of course, music is good at pushing past demographics.
In Finland, where heavy metal is hugely popular, there's a heavy metal band called Heavisaurus and it's geared toward kids!
They wear dinosaur costumes and occasionally sing about homework.
I mean, I play the "Paranoid" album for my kids…
Pat Boone (AV Club)
Heavy metal dinosaurs rock the kiddie crowd in Finland (The Age)
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I love how so many of the fall fest cooks are writing about brussels sprouts.
They have a reputation, those tiny wee cabbages, and somewhere along the line they became something that people thought they didn't like.
We all know that's just a big fat lie.
Brussels sprouts are so, so good. We all know that, right?
When I started making Heidi's golden brussels sprouts, I stopped looking for new recipes. Those babies never make it to the table–I eat them out of the pan as if they were peanut m&ms. Only I can eat more and not feel gross–just vaguely brussels sprout-y, which I appreciate. But I've hit that point in the fall, that moment where everything calls for butter and breadcrumbs and heavy cream. It's cold, and I don't know about you, but my heart (and by my heart I mean soul) needs extra fat. And breadcrumbs too.
By the way, anyone else's kids freaking out this week? Daylight savings transitions seem to get into their cells and make them scream. Anyone else? Tell me I'm not alone.
I'm just going to keep piling on the breadcrumbs and hope for the best.
Preheat the oven to 400 degrees. Bring a large pot of salted water to boil. Cook the brussels sprouts in the water for 10 minutes, then drain. Chop them roughly, and transfer to a small casserole or gratin dish. Pour the cream over the brussels sprouts, then the parmesan, then the breadcrumbs, and then a sprinkling of salt and pepper. Dab bits of butter here and there, and bake for 20 minutes.


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McCarthy Confirms Rumors – Top Dems Will Be Kicked To The Curb
(WatchDogReport.org) – The 118th version of the United States House of Representatives has now been sworn in, and the Republican majority is wasting no time in keeping some promises made on the campaign trail that got them sent to Washington. For newly-minted Speaker of the House Kevin McCarthy (R-CA), a part of that is making sure some Democrats will be losing influence by removing them from certain committees. Specifically, he is taking aim at Representatives Adam Schiff (D-CA), Eric Swalwell (D-CA), and Ilhan Omar (D-MN), and all three have made claims that this is political payback and deny his reasoning is sound.
Compromised
In December 2020, it was revealed that Swalwell was the target of the so-called honey trap operation put on by the People's Republic of China (PRC). This is a tool used by espionage agencies, where they get someone close to their target to engage in a relationship in the hopes of getting useful information.
In this case, it was a Chinese woman by the name of Christine Fang, who had allegedly ensnared other Bay Area politicians. Breitbart news broke an exclusive story in July 2021, which claimed there is a classified file that details the relationship between the two.
In another Breitbart article, McCarthy said that if Swalwell "cannot get a security clearance in the private sector," there is no reason he should get one from Congress. The California Democrat says this is only an excuse and "it's purely vengeance."
A Debunked Narrative
Schiff was chairman of the intelligence committee and took on central roles in both of the impeachments of former President Donald Trump. As part of the Democrats' first go around at trying to remove Trump, according to McCarthy, Schiff "knowingly…used a faked [the Steele] dossier," repeatedly lied to the American people, and chaired a committee meant to protect the country, which has fallen short of that goal.
Recent Twitter files released by CEO Elon Musk allege that Schiff used his position to influence the social media giant to deplatform a conservative journalist by the name of Paul Sperry. Soon after the 2022 midterm elections were over, Schiff claimed his potential removal from the intelligence committee would only be because of his attempts at "holding Trump accountable."
International Disunion
Omar sat on the Foreign Affairs Committee, and that is someplace McCarthy believes she simply does not belong, and he has previously called for her removal from the position. The Somalian refugee from Minnesota has been known for making anti-Semitic comments and downplaying the September 11 attacks when she flippantly said, "some people did something."
Omar has expressed the opinion that the one and only reason she is being removed from the assignment is that she is an adherent to Islam. As McCarthy has pointed out, and this terrible trio seems to have forgotten, it was former Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) and the Democrats who established the standard for awarding committee assignments — now that standard will be used against them.
US General Predicts War With China
Biden Reportedly Has a Chief of Staff Replacement Chosen
Amazon To End One of Its Top Charity Programs
Ukranian Officials Deny Russia's Claim Over Death of 600 Soldiers
Biden Gives EPA Sweeping Power Over Waterways on Private Land


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Cookie Fonster Reviews Every MLP Episode Part 36: Twilight Time + It Ain't Easy Being Breezies
Posted on May 6, 2022 by cookiefonster
Looking at the lineup of season 4 episodes left for me to analyze, here are the ones that I'm the most excited to go through:
Episode 18, Maud Pie (because I think Maud Pie is awesome)
Episode 19, For Whom the Sweetie Belle Toils (because I think Sweetie Belle is cool)
Episodes 25-26, Twilight's Kingdom (the absolutely epic season finale)
The rest of the remaining season 4 episodes I'm not nearly as excited to go through; I'll have fun with them for sure, but the really exciting ones are listed above. And then when I get through season 5, I am looking forward to analyzing pretty much every episode of the season. You can expect my season 5 reviews to be some of the most long-winded ones yet.
Season 4 Episode 15: Twilight Time
As with several other episodes involving the Cutie Mark Crusaders, this one contains spoilers for midway through season 5. Also a few for the season 4 finale. Plus a bit of early season 6.
In five words: Crusaders exploit Twilight's big name.
Premise: The Cutie Mark Crusaders come to Twilight Sparkle to help them learn skills, but they get carried away in using Twilight's princess status to their advantage.
We haven't been to Twilight's place that often in season 4. It sort of feels nostalgic being in here now.
Also, I like how this scene teases the mystery of the chest with six keys.
This episode starts with the Cutie Mark Crusaders at Twilight Sparkle's place practicing skills they want to learn: Sweetie Belle with magic, Scootaloo with assembling a unicycle, and Apple Bloom with brewing potions. Each of the Crusaders is at least partly hoping to get their cutie mark through these activities, and they're all reluctant to read detailed instructions. I think there's something interesting to analyze from each Cutie Mark Crusader's choice of activity to learn.
For Sweetie Belle, I'm not sure what the common fan consensus is on how long it usually takes unicorns to learn magic, but my view is as follows. Unicorns typically learn magic through tons of practice, and Sweetie Belle never had much reason to use magic while growing up. But now that she's getting older, she feels that it's her duty as a unicorn to properly learn magic, and through enough determination, she admirably figures it out by the end of this episode.
But while Sweetie Belle's motive is to rectify her lack of a fundamental unicorn skill, the other two Crusaders are pursuing activities that relate more to their usual interests. Scootaloo wants to branch out her interest in athletic stunts by assembling vehicles on her own, while Apple Bloom, the one who perpetually flits between various interests, wants to hone in her potion-making interest a little more.
At the Crusaders' school, Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon grab the attention of all the other kids when the former says that she had promised to put on an acrobatic display. But then Diamond Tiara says that since she's tired, she got her butler Randolph to do those stunts instead, which he does successfully. The Cutie Mark Crusaders are unimpressed at this, but I think Diamond Tiara demonstrated what we later learn is the real meaning of her cutie mark: commandeering others and getting them to follow her demand. Getting an elderly butler to perform such stunts must have taken quite a bit of persuasion, which came naturally for her.
Apple Bloom: I can't believe she gets so much attention without even really doing anything.
Scootaloo: She's using somepony else to build herself up. And without even putting in the effort to learn her own skills like we do.
Scootaloo thinks she's so angelic and hard-working, but we saw at the start of this episode how reluctant she was to read instructions for how to assemble a unicycle. The Cutie Mark Crusaders also like cutting to the chase—Sweetie Belle a little less than the other two—and honestly, after what all went down in Crusaders of the Lost Mark, it's hard not to view Diamond Tiara in a more sympathetic light anyway. Given that the Cutie Mark Crusaders want to use Twilight Sparkle to teach them everything possible, aren't they also using a big name to build themselves up? We'll see them get carried away with this ideology in not too long.
The Cutie Mark Crusaders then have a fantasy that shows they have an exaggerated image of Twilight Sparkle as someone who can immediately teach them anything. In the fantasy, Scootaloo puts a whole unicycle together in a few seconds, Apple Bloom uses potions to grow an enormous apple, and Sweetie Belle uses a magic spell to torment Diamond Tiara and flail her body around. When I first watched this episode, I remember finding the Crusaders' exaggerated image of Twilight frustrating in a relatable way. Back when I was early in high school, I remember constantly feeling like people have an exaggerated perception of me, and I still sometimes feel that way. This whole episode hit home for me back then, as Twilight Sparkle's episodes tended to, but the difference now is that plenty of other characters have aspects I can connect to, not just Twilight.
I'm having so much fun analyzing this episode so far. More than I thought I would!
Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon approach the Crusaders, offering for them to all hang out with famous celebrities if Rarity ever takes Sweetie Belle to Manehattan. It seems like a surprising gesture of kindness at first, but then…
Sweetie Belle: Actually, my sister hasn't offered to take me to Manehattan anytime soon.
Diamond Tiara: Yeah, we figured.
Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon: Bump, bump, sugar lump, rump! (laughs)
Sweetie Belle: (growls) Oh yeah? Well, I don't have to go all the way to Manehattan to hang out with the famous and super-cool ponies. Me and my friends hang out with Princess Twilight all the time!
And here we have it: the Cutie Mark Crusaders have crossed the line into taking advantage of Twilight Sparkle's good name, and surprisingly, Sweetie Belle is the one who initiates it. I think Sweetie Belle was so angered that Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon tricked them into thinking they would be willing to become friends that she got into an unexpected fit of vengeance. These words are a lot more surprising to hear from Sweetie Belle than they would be from the other two, given that Sweetie Belle doesn't usually like petty one-upping. When pushed over the edge by Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon, the Crusaders show they're capable of surprising acts of hostility too.
Diamond Tiara is right, this home is surprisingly modest for a princess.
(Tirek will kindly take care of that matter soon enough.)
Still, the Crusaders don't have any ill intentions when they agree to bring Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon along to Twilight's place. They think that Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon will get wrapped up in learning new skills, plus they find it fun to see these two genuinely try to get on their good side. I feel that the Cutie Mark Crusaders, especially Sweetie Belle, hold out a trace of hope that they could reform Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon… and eventually, by some twist of fate, they do! Not in this episode though.
Silver Spoon tends to be quite liberal with putting "so" into her sentences.
I don't know about you, but I so don't think that's good grammar.
After the premiere, season 4 has been more than a little neglectful of Twilight's princess role (which knowing the finale was entirely by design). The season has still portrayed Twilight Sparkle as an ordinary pony who likes books and magic spells, which causes quite some hilarity when Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon say hi to her.
Diamond Tiara: Princess Twilight, it is such a thrill and honor to be here. You have no idea.
Diamond Tiara: Oh my gosh. Who dyes your tail?
Silver Spoon: I so have to get that done.
Twilight Sparkle: Actually, it's not dyed. I've always—
Diamond Tiara: (gasps) Are those books in there? What a bold design choice.
Silver Spoon: You should so do that, Di!
Diamond Tiara: I know, right?
What's interesting is that I don't think Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon are doing anything wrong here. Since they don't know much about Twilight Sparkle, they are making understandable assumptions about her life based on the knowledge that she's a princess. I honestly think it's sort of adorable that they have such strong misconceptions. In contrast, the Cutie Mark Crusaders knew Twilight before she was a princess and can easily see her for who she is. Remember when I said in Magical Mystery Cure that I was once worried that this lovable bookworm would be replaced with a fancy frilly princess? Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon full-out see Twilight as the latter, and the contrast makes for great humor.
Twilight Sparkle tells the Crusaders that Twilight Time was meant as a special thing just for them, not for random guests, and after their session occurs offscreen, the Crusaders reflect on what they just did.
Apple Bloom: I can't believe I let you talk us into bringing guests yesterday.
Scootaloo: I didn't hear them laugh at us once, Apple Bloom.
Apple Bloom: 'Cause they laughed on the inside.
Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon are taking a much less antagonistic attitude towards the Cutie Mark Crusaders than usual, but they're so used to their rivals picking on them that they can't see that this duo is far more interested in getting to know the cool princess with cool wings. When Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon tell the Crusaders they've told others about their visit with Twilight, they brace themselves for being made fun of…
The Cutie Mark Crusaders' storyline has started to grow a cast of background ponies.
Like one whose design resembles Fry from Futurama, and I think another named Button Mash? Could be wrong.
… except the opposite happens. The rest of the kids chant "Twilight Time" like a rabid mob, synced with the background music, and Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon thank the Cutie Mark Crusaders and proclaim them to be the newest big shots in school. Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon even claim themselves to be the Crusaders' dearest friends—do you think they're genuinely starting to see the Crusaders that way, or are they just saying that so they can rise up the popularity ranks? Whatever the case, it'll only be one more season until these two fully reconcile with the Crusaders.
While Apple Bloom and Scootaloo view this situation as a disastrous mess, Sweetie Belle has a change of heart and gets excited about this opportunity for fame and glory. I admit, sometimes I find it odd that Sweetie Belle alternates between being the Crusaders' voice of reason and one who's especially caught up in their wacky schemes, but that's what makes her such a fun character to analyze. I'm going to justify her excitement about this chance at glamour as her showing some commonality with Rarity.
Sweetie Belle is very confident that her plan for the Crusaders to have a simple lunch with Twilight Sparkle thanking her for all she's done is going to work, but then she finds out that a crowd of foals is waiting behind the bushes. This was because she let two or three ponies secretly watch the princess, and they misunderstood that entirely. This seems like an example of Sweetie Belle being too nice for her own good, too willing to let others have their own way—perhaps another thing she has in common with Rarity?
I wonder if the cup on the left has soda in it. And I further wonder what Twilight's preferred flavor of soft drink is.
Twilight Sparkle being such a loud, sloppy eater who talks with her mouth full is hilarious. Her shamelessly loving some good old fast food, specifically hayburgers, is also hilarious. This entire scene, aside from being hilarious, also shows how much Twilight Sparkle has been ignoring her status as a high-profile princess. She hasn't been given much to do with her princess role, and while she's complacent in putting that aside as she cheerfully devours burger after burger, her insecurities about being a princess creep up on her when the season finale rolls around.
Though they elude Twilight's vision at first, eventually she notices the huge crowd of foals spying on her through the sounds of cameras clicking. She agrees to sign her name on a bunch of papers others provide her, all the while unaware of how big of a deal her being a princess is. I suspect that her obliviousness to her own importance makes Twilight all the more irresistible to all those kids.
Throughout this episode, Sweetie Belle has professed a strong, confident knowledge of how to handle tough situations.
It's honestly really cute.
To show that the Crusaders have reached the top of the popularity ladder, first they relax and enjoy tons of free lemonade from Pipsqueak's lemonade stand, then Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon invite them to a private pool party where everyone else is locked out. I think that unlike the Crusaders, Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon are genuinely more comfortable hanging out in small groups, which is why they usually stick to each other instead of deeming others to be close friends. They're making an exception for the Cutie Mark Crusaders, who they've been warming up to throughout this episode.
Not shown: Spike bringing a tiny plate of nachos, only to be asked to make much more.
Though the Crusaders think she's going to be mad, Twilight Sparkle is welcoming to the unexpected storm of visitors. I'm trying to think of this from Twilight's perspective: she might internally feel overwhelmed at these guests, but she's managing to keep her composure well enough that no one else notices. Since this episode is told from the Crusaders' perspective, it makes sense that we don't see Twilight entering a storm of neurotic freakouts.
Still keeping her cool, Twilight organizes the guests into three categories: those interested in magic, potions, and books. She seems to genuinely believe that all these guests have come here to learn, not to get to spend time with the cool and super-important princess. Perhaps this is something she keeps convincing herself so that she can avoid going into a mental breakdown? Again, if Twilight is at all nervous or panicked in this scene, then none of the kids notice it. It makes sense because most of them don't even know Twilight for who she is: a nerdy bookworm who loves teaching others for the sake of it.
Twilight Sparkle: Let's begin over here! And what would you like to learn, little one?
Pipsqueak: I want to learn how to become a Cutie Mark Crusader!
Twilight Sparkle: And why do you want to become a Cutie Mark Crusader so badly, hm?
Pipsqueak: Because then I could get all my classmates to do me favors and stuff, because I'm friends with a famous princess!
One thing Twilight Sparkle must come to terms with now that she's a princess is that others are going to think of her as an authority figure. All the kids in the scene think Twilight can teach them anything and everything, and while she initially resents this image of her, eventually she embraces the role of an authority figure. A good example is in season 6 where she becomes Starlight Glimmer's mentor and bosses her around quite a bit, especially when she disapproves of Starlight making friends with Trixie.
This passage is also how Twilight Sparkle realizes what situation the Cutie Mark Crusaders got themselves (and her) into, and she's not happy about it. Her initial hypothesis about why all those guests came was disproven, and it doesn't take long for her to find the real reason.
Twilight Sparkle wants the Crusaders to show the skills they've learned to prove that they really did come here to learn, but they didn't bring the supplies needed. As such, Sweetie Belle takes charge and improvises by having Scootaloo disassemble and reassemble Pipsqueak's scooter and getting an apple for Apple Bloom to turn into a tree. But as admirable as it is for Sweetie Belle to take leadership, her magic fizzles out, the scooter doesn't hold itself together, and the apple grows until it explodes.
Diamond Tiara and Silver Spoon gloat that the Crusaders aren't in Twilight's entourage anymore and that they didn't come here to learn, but then Twilight reminds the other kids that they didn't come to learn either. This attempt at owning the Crusaders failed, and the Crusaders apologize.
Sweetie Belle's magic being colored green is an odd choice, but a fitting one knowing her eye color.
And besides, it's a color I've always been fond of.
But as they apologize, the Crusaders unwittingly show that they've learned their new skills after all simply through practicing enough. Scootaloo rebuilds the scooter into a new shape, Apple Bloom uses a potion to grow a flower, and Sweetie Belle uses magic to lift the flower and put it on Twilight's head. After three and a half seasons of Sweetie Belle not using magic, except for a tiny teaser in One Bad Apple, seeing her successfully use magic is a VERY satisfying payoff.
Before the episode's resolution, we get a very well-placed lapse of humor: Spike has prepared an enormous plate of nachos, only to find out that everyone who was going to eat them has left. This poor guy can never catch a break, can he?
As the Crusaders all practice their skills, Sweetie Belle takes a turn to write a friendship journal entry, saying that she and fellow Crusaders got so carried away with the fame that comes with knowing someone special that they had forgotten why Twilight Sparkle is so special: because she's their friend. I think this is a very good moral that makes good indirect use of Twilight's role as a princess: if you're friends with someone who has a special role or fanciful title, it isn't right to take advantage of that, and instead you should appreciate them as the dear friend they are.
And for one last moment of humor, the Cutie Mark Crusaders exit Twilight's house wearing ridiculous disguises in the hopes that no one will see them, since they're trying to keep Twilight Time on the downlow now (but also because they look ridiculous). This shows that the Crusaders genuinely cherish their Twilight Time and know it's something not to take for granted, especially considering Twilight's status as a princess. They want to do anything it takes to keep going through these sessions as usual, even if it means dressing like this.
This is an extremely fun episode all around. It's a satisfying way for Sweetie Belle to finally learn magic and for the other two Crusaders to pick up skills of their own, with very little mention of the prospect of getting their cutie marks. They know that they're just learning for the fun of it, and they've formed quite a nice friendship with Twilight Sparkle in the process. This episode is also a fun way to make humor value from Twilight Sparkle's status as a princess while still hinting at her broader character arc, telling us that she will indeed have a lot of responsibilities to deal with as the show goes on. Her overwhelmed reaction to all this attention she's getting is also something easy for me to relate to.
Typically when I analyze a Twilight Sparkle episode in the first four seasons, I worry that I won't have that much fun with it or like it as much as I did back in high school, only to be proven wrong.
Miscellaneous notes:
I'm going to guess that Twilight Sparkle's favorite soft drink is a hyper-specific flavor of orange soda, and at fast food restaurants she refuses to ever drink anything else. I further imagine that if the restaurant she's at doesn't have the exact flavor of orange soda she's looking for, she loudly groans and settles for some plain old water.
I should note that at this point, Twist has basically been demoted to being part of the Cutie Mark Crusaders' background cast. Characters in just about any show can suffer this fate, and typically they aren't very popular ones anyway. But if you're reading this and are a gigantic fan of Twist, please know that there's nothing wrong with fixating on such a minor character.
While this episode was filled with teasers about Twilight Sparkle's future character arc, the next one is a big throwback to older generations of MLP.
Season 4 Episode 16: It Ain't Easy Being Breezies
In five words: Fluttershy's excessive kindness gets exploited.
Premise: A group of tiny creatures called Breezies finds hospitality at Fluttershy's place, which presents a dilemma for her since they're supposed to return to their native land.
Isn't it funny that the word "yay" in reverse is still just "yay"?
This episode starts with the memetic "yay" scene from the start of Sonic Rainboom, but in reverse. In preparation for the Breezies to migrate through Ponyville to their home, an event that Fluttershy is quite excited about, she gets the rest of the Mane 6 to practice a soft-spoken cheer for the Breezies. The cheer starts out way too loud, but it gradually gets quieter until Fluttershy lets out a loud "perfect", then corrects herself and says what everyone wanted her to say: her signature hilariously soft-spoken "yay". This starts the episode on a fanservicey note before it delves into fanservice more centered on those who liked MLP's prior generations.
Through his line of questioning, Mr. Cake sounds like a fan of this show trying to get its lore straightened out as he asks Fluttershy why the pegasi need to make a breeze for the Breezies. As Fluttershy explains it, she sounds either like a person working on the show or a fan who also knows a lot about its predecessors—I have no idea if the workings of Breezies in this episode are at all different from how they are in prior generations. As I said a few episodes ago, the whole concept of Breezies was lifted from old-school MLP and carried over to this show, and there will be a few more callbacks to prior generations (or "mythology gags" as TV Tropes calls them) throughout this season, culminating in the season finale's villain.
Most characters don't know as much about the Breezies about Fluttershy does, just as most fans probably never saw the pre-FiM episodes where Breezies first appeared.
It's hard being a tiny dragon in a town full of ponies.
Well, maybe not HARD necessarily, but it certainly ain't easy.
After a few gags where Rarity wears clothes that reflect the sunlight WAY too much, then takes them off to reveal something even brighter, the Breezies appear in all their glory. While their journey goes smoothly at first, Spike unwittingly causes trouble through his desperation to see these little creatures in person. Since ponies keep getting in the way of his view, he gets on a tree branch and accidentally lets a leaf loose, causing the Breezies to get separated. This poor guy has no shame in admitting he wants to see something cutesy for once, and this is what he's paid with. Well, to be fair, he wanted to sit on Pinkie Pie's back at first, but she refused because she was worried she would explode in excitement.
Fluttershy rescues all the Breezies who got separated by the breeze one by one, and her friends congratulate her for this heroic feat. The leader of the group of Breezies, named Seabreeze, is conveniently bilingual and is also quite the snarky type. When Spike joins the scene, he has the following to say:
Spike: Okay. Okay, okay! I know what you're all thinking. Why don't you just say it? I'm sorry!
Spike: This is all my fault. I'm so, so sorry!
Fluttershy: Oh, Spike. It's okay. It could have happened to any one of us.
Fluttershy isn't quite right: among the non-Breezie characters present in the scene, only Spike is small enough to have to go through so much trouble to see the migration. But Fluttershy has a natural skill in consoling others through kindness, and she succeeded in doing so here.
The next scene shows us that Fluttershy is a little too good at being kind. The Breezies have all started to view Fluttershy's place as a safe haven, and Fluttershy has become convinced that she needs to keep them at her house and protect them from the outside world. The rest of the Mane 6 are confused at this change of pace, given how important it was for the Breezies to return to their homeland, which shows that sometimes Fluttershy's kindness can be shortsighted.
Seabreeze: We need to go now, or we will never get home! I wish we did not need that stupid breeze to activate our magic, or I would just force you all to fly home right now.
Seabreeze: Why do we have to need magic to keep our pollen safe?
Fluttershy: Now, Seabreeze…
Seabreeze: Why are you dealing into these wimps? If they had not been so scared in the first place, this never would have happened.
Fluttershy: Well, that is just not true, Seabreeze. It was because of a leaf! And you know that.
Seabreeze: Oh, puh-lease. They have no idea what they're doing out there. Like you said, we need as much time as we can get because they are so incompetent!
For a one-time character, Seabreeze has a surprising amount of depth to his portrayal. He's portrayed as the "tough leader" type loosely akin to Rainbow Dash, having no tolerance for the others' loafing around when they're supposed to be getting something done. When speaking the Breezie language, he doesn't seem to hold back on vulgarity if Fluttershy's reactions are anything to go by. He's all around a refreshingly no-nonsense guy.
Right when Fluttershy decides to release the Breezies, they all start pretending to be sick so they can stay longer. And knowing how Fluttershy always sees the best in others, it makes sense that she'd fall for it. The thought that these creatures would lie about anything is unthinkable to her, and it doesn't help that it's 20 or so of everyone else against only one of Seabreeze.
The Breezies are having the time of their life in Fluttershy's place, and they've gotten her to procrastinate on the important task of sending them home. Eventually, Seabreeze loses his patience and sneaks out through Fluttershy's peephole when her back is turned. His willingness to ditch his fellow Breezies sets him apart from other leaderly types, further adding flavor to his character.
Not shown: Seabreeze covering his eyes on the way to the beehive, which is very adorable.
Trying to find his way home, Seabreeze comes close to being killed as he dodges falling acorns and then accidentally invades a beehive. Fluttershy wasn't kidding when she said Ponyville is a dangerous place for these creatures to go through: they're so tiny that ordinary small objects are deadly hazards for them.
Where did the bee costume come from?
I would say she pulled it out of thin air, but that's what Pinkie Pie does.
In a demonstration of the difficulties of kindness, Fluttershy first tries politely telling the bees to back off, and it doesn't work. Then she wiggles while wearing a bee costume, asking if this brings to mind any imagery: a scene that shows her genuine knowledge of bee biology and her innocent obliviousness to the more suggestive implications some may draw from the scene.
But then, Fluttershy drops her gentle kindness and brutally tells the bees to go back in their hive and leave Seabreeze alone—something we've seen her do with other creatures before and is no less satisfying this time. This scene nicely shows that sometimes in life, gentle kindness will not get you out of a situation, and you may need to be harsh and firm to protect your friends. She saved Seabreeze's life, and he's as thankful for her as he is frustrated with the other Breezies for not wanting to go home.
Fluttershy: Oh my goodness. I was just trying not to hurt any creature's feelings. My displays of kindness may have cost you everything.
Fluttershy: (gasps) Time is running out. And you may never make it home!
Seabreeze: That is exactly what I have been telling all of them! But they do not listen to me. No Breezie ever listens to me!
Fluttershy: Seabreeze, I understand your feelings are hurt. But it's hard for them to hear you when you're shouting and being mean. The message doesn't get across.
Seabreeze: But what about those bees? You were not nice to them, and that was the only way they listened.
Fluttershy: Yes, but they had to go. And they wouldn't listen to me any other way.
Season 4, especially the episodes that end with an object that flashes with a rainbow, has a recurring theme of the Mane 6 teaching others friendship lessons. Coco Pommel learns about the magic of generosity from Rarity, the Wonderbolts take away something important about loyalty from Rainbow Dash, and Cheese Sandwich reveals that he learned the joy of making others smile from Pinkie Pie. And now, Seabreeze is learning from Fluttershy how to lead with kindness and respect instead of constantly whining and putting others down. I can't help but compare the guy to Rainbow Dash some more. Rainbow Dash tends to be a harsh leader, but she always treats others like her loyal teammates and regularly reminds them why they've come together. Seabreeze has a problem with insulting others when he's trying to get them to stop slacking off, and he's learning from Fluttershy how to be a better leader.
This next scene reminds us of something important about Fluttershy. Though she's usually thought of as a slow flier, the speed at which she flies correlates to her determination to save her friends, which is at a high point here. She's flying so fast that Seabreeze is struggling to hold on to her until she slows down, remembering the gentle pace needed to accommodate these creatures.
Fluttershy sternly leads all the Breezies outside, then starts crying about how she almost ended their lives by being too kind. This together with the other pegasi being unable to keep a breeze that's the right degree of intensity shows that this episode isn't quite over yet; soon enough, we have the part that was probably devised for the sake of selling merch but I don't really care that much whether it was.
Twilight Sparkle performs a spell on herself and her friends that she learned from the Castle of the Two Sisters—the same castle they all explored in Castle Mane-ia. At this point, the castle is a convenient location to use as a resource for unfamiliar new magic spells, which is cool to have because of its strong significance to the show's lore.
The result of Twilight's spell is that the Mane 6 now have Breezie designs. I find it pretty neat that this throwback to old-school MLP ended up being another episode significant to the season's overarching plot, not just an irrelevant one-off. Part of the fun of this show is that it manages to work many of its most unexpected events into the plot instead of being one-offs that are never spoken of again, but I already talked about this in Pinkie Pride.
Not shown: Seabreeze reuniting with his loving wife and daughter.
(This is a random reference to a random 90's Nic Cage movie that I threw in for no particular reason.)
(I also don't know if Seabreeze's baby is a girl or not.)
To indicate the moral Fluttershy taught him, Seabreeze apologizes to his fellow Breezies for how he treated them, then leads the way for them to enter the Breezies' world. This is a cute little payoff for the Mane 6 successfully bringing the Breezies home; a quick look at the culture of another species, which we'll get much more of in later seasons, especially seasons 8-9. I don't specifically mean the culture of Breezies, but non-pony species in general.
Seabreeze gives Fluttershy a flower to remember him by, and the Mane 6 exit the Breezies' world just before the door closes. As all that happens, Fluttershy narrates the episode's moral, which says that excessive kindness can hurt someone, and sometimes the kindest thing you can do to someone is something they don't initially want that's for their own good. This moral fits Fluttershy's episodes nicely and adds a layer of depth to her element of harmony.
And after the Mane 6 turn back to normal…
Rainbow Dash: So, uh… I've always kind of wondered what it's like to be a griffon.
Twilight Sparkle: Not a chance.
Rainbow Dash: You sure? What about a dragon? No?
Rainbow Dash: It doesn't have to shoot fire!
I find it hilarious that Rainbow Dash, the character who often serves as a stand-in for bronies, is this time serving as a stand-in for a closely related fandom: furries. Bronies are NOT automatically furries by definition because that would be stupid, but there's no denying that those two communities have a lot of intersection, and it's quite endearing to see Rainbow Dash get excited about the possibility of turning into other species. When it comes down to it, Rainbow Dash is a gigantic nerd, and there's no two ways about it.
And to finish this episode off, Fluttershy's flower from Seabreeze flashes with a rainbow. Viewers are sure to pick up on a pattern by now.
This is an episode with a relatively simple plot that works quite nicely. I feel like it's basically what Putting Your Hoof Down was trying to be, but without all the annoying contrivances and strange exaggerations. Introducing an entirely new species with a snarky and impatient leader is a good way for the show to demonstrate through Fluttershy how to balance kindness and assertiveness that doubles as an homage to this show's roots.
I don't have anything funny to say alongside my verdict this time. Just an episode I don't see significant issues in.
Applejack mentions that the Breezies are as cute as Apple Bloom on the day she was born, which implies their age difference is large enough that Applejack was old enough to remember Apple Bloom's birth. This itself implies that Applejack was probably old enough to remember her parents before their mysterious disappearance, which all in all subtly drives the mystery of her forebears.
Now that I think of it, I'm not sure if Fluttershy's statements about animals using vulgar language are that reliable. We're talking about the pony who covered her mouth in embarrassment after saying the word "peeved".
With this episode done, we revisit the Cutie Mark Crusaders once more in an episode focused on struggling to gain an authority figure's trust.
See you next week as we finally meet Maud Pie!!!!!!! And Apple Bloom does a few things too.
>> Part 37: Somepony to Watch Over Me + Maud Pie
This entry was posted in MLP Posts and tagged apple bloom, callbacks, cutie mark crusaders, diamond tiara, exaggerated perception, fluttershy, friendship is magic, leadership, my little pony, mythology gags, relatable characters, scootaloo, season 4, silver spoon, sweetie belle, twilight sparkle by cookiefonster. Bookmark the permalink.


The issue is if you have a regulator in a 6 volt system.
Brillman carries an electronic cutout for $20 https://brillman.com/product/universal- ... out-relay/ and is another way to go.
I have one of the electronic cutouts similar to Brillmans on my H and very happy with it, but would like to put regulators on all my engines so I do not have to worry about forgetting to turn my charge rate down and boil a battery dry.
John I have to say I always leave it on low so I do not have to remember.


Leading businesswomen have just over two weeks to get their entries in for the Business Women Scotland and WES Scotland Awards 2018.
The closing date for entries is Friday 7 September for the awards which take place this year on Friday 2 November.
They can enter for 14 awards which celebrate a broad range of criteria marking the contribution women are making to their businesses, the economy and wider Scottish society.
The top award is Business Woman of the Year, updated from Business of the Year to reflect the work that entrants do, not only within their business but in the wider community.
Other awards include the Best Use of Social Media Award ,which marks the most successful or most innovative use of social media to promote a company, brand, event or campaign.
The Employer of the Year Award recognises a return on investment in people, the employee strategy that best attracts, recruits or retains talent.
The Start Up of the Year category is for businesses up to 18 months old.
The Mentor and Mentee Award celebrates female business mentors who give up their time for free,of charge to work with someone to help take their business to the next level.
Other awards include Growth Business of the Year, International Growth of the Year, Board Member of the Year, Change Catalyst of the Year, Innovator of the Year,Rising Star of the Year, Rural-Based Business of the Year, Social Impact Award and Sole Trader.
The awards, which are free to enter, are open to all businesswomen whether they are an employer, employee, sole trader or work for a charity.
Businesswomen can enter themselves or nominate someone else who could be a worthy winner.
Nominees must be female and their businesses must be registered in Scotland.
Scottish Business Insider is the media partner for the awards.
Carolyn Currie, chief executive officer at Women's Enterprise Scotland said; "These Awards allow us to highlight the achievements of the growing numbers of women-led businesses in Scotland.
"Evidence consistently shows that accessible role models are a powerful tool for inspiring and encouraging women to start and grow businesses and the women who are recognised at the Awards.
Entries for all categories can be made here .


text:
July 25, Monday, 2022 (1:30 p.m.) Newsline read by Mr. Yamaguchi Hiroaki
ホーム 未分類 July 25, Monday, 2022 (1:30 p.m.) Newsline read by Mr. Yamaguchi Hiroaki
July 22, Friday, 2022 (1:30 p.m.) Newsline
July 26, Tuesday, 2022 (1:30 p.m.) Newsline read by Mr. Yamaguchi Hiroaki
1.Myanmar's state media says the ruling junta has executed four people, including pro-democracy activists. According to local media, it is the first time the death penalty has been carried out in the country in over 30 years. The military announced the planned executions last month, drawing a firestorm of international criticism.
2.Russia attacked a key grain port in Ukraine Saturday, jeopardizing an agricultural export deal brokered a day earlier with the United Nations and Turkey. Ukraine said the missile attack in Odesa also caused injuries and damaged infrastructure.
3.The Japan Meteorological Agency says a volcanic eruption occurred on Sakurajima in southwestern Japan's Kagoshima Prefecture on Sunday evening. The agency estimates that imminent massive eruptions from the volcano are unlikely.


text:
Mon, Aug 10, 2009 - By Karl Saidla
For starters, this trip was NOT a "ski training trip". Mainly, we went because my parents invited us to see the famous Estonian "Laulupidu" (Song Festival). We did get to do some pretty interesting training in both these ski-crazy countries.
U.S. Women Ski Jumpers fighting to keep program alive
Fri, Aug 7, 2009 - By Women's Ski Jumping USA
In May, the U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association — which had been supporting the elite athletes for three years — dropped all funding to the women's team citing it as a budget decision and because the women aren't considered part of the Olympic program.
US Ski Team heads south for snow time
Thu, Aug 6, 2009 - By US Ski Team
The U.S. Cross Country Ski Team is getting some time to test new equipment as well as transfer rollerski skills to the snow down at the Snow Farm in New Zealand.
Summer Biathlon World ChampionshipTeam named
Thu, Aug 6, 2009 - By US Biathlon Association
With just over seven weeks to go until the 2009 IBU Summer Biathlon World Championships, the team that will represent the United States Biathlon Association in the championships has been finalized.
Wed, Aug 5, 2009 - By Pete Vordenberg
10 days of typical training in Utah with the National Training Group (and a few guests)
Photos from the 2009 Ryanman 70.3 Triathlon
Wed, Aug 5, 2009 - By Mike Muha
Photos by Erica Kotajarvi of the 2009 Ryanman 70.3 Triathlon. The Ryanman is a "fun" half-Ironman distance triathlon the NordicSkiRacer's Ryan Robinson puts on around his Brithday in July. This year, a record number of people finished the entire event.
Vertical Limit sponsors CXC Elite Team
Wed, Aug 5, 2009 - By CXC Skiing
Vertical Limit, an Idaho company providing cutting-edge technical wear for outdoor enthusiasts, will sponsor the CXC Elite Team for the next season.
Balk Retires After Storied Career
Tue, Aug 4, 2009 - By US Ski Team
After a long career on the U.S. Adaptive Cross Country Ski Team, Paralympic medalist and World Champion Bob Balk (Long Beach, CA) decided to retire and shift his focus to his two-year-old triplets.
CXC Adaptive Cross Country Program Receives Grant
Central Cross Country Ski Association (CXC) was awarded a grant from the 2009 Olympic Opportunity Fund designed to financially assist sports organizations. It will be used to aid their new adaptive cross country skiing program.
CXC announces adaptive ski program
Tue, Aug 4, 2009 - By CXC Skiing
Central Cross Country Ski Association is proud to announce the formation of an innovative Adaptive Ski Program available for individuals with physical disabilities throughout the Midwest.
Celebration: Jean Fultz's Life Party
Tue, Aug 4, 2009 - By Dick Fultz
A gathering of friends and family of Jean and Dick Fultz will be held on Thursday August 6th from 6pm till midnight to celebrate Jean's passing and her zest for life.
Wintersteiger supports USSA and Center of Excellence
Mon, Aug 3, 2009 - By US Ski Team
Wintersteiger has announced its sponsorship as a supplier to The U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association's Center of Excellence equipment tuning room, and was on hand for the grand opening dedication.


text:
Caravan in downtown Louisville demands release of jail inmates over COVID-19 fears
Billy Kobin
LOUISVILLE, KY. — A quieter-than-normal Friday morning in downtown Louisville was interuppted by blaring car horns and whistling cyclists who made up a "Freedom Friday Caravan" demanding the release of people from jails and prisons over fears of the spreading coronavirus.
The caravan of roughly 20 cars and a few bicyclists circled around Seventh, Liberty, Sixth and Jefferson streets for 30 minutes, passing by the Hall of Justice, Metro Corrections, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services field office and City Hall.
[This story is being provided for free to our readers during the coronavirus outbreak. Consider supporting local journalism by subscribing to The Courier Journal at courier-journal.com/specialoffer/.]
Signs taped to the windows of cars included messages like, "Save Lives Free Them All," "Let Them Go Home," "Abolish Cash Bail Now" and "People in jail matter too."
Members of Louisville Showing Up for Racial Justice (LSURJ) and The Bail Project Louisville said the caravan is their way of pressuring Governor Andy Beshear, Louisville Mayor Greg Fischer, Jefferson County Commonwealth's Attorney Tom Wine and Jefferson County Attorney Mike O'Connell "to do more in this crisis."
Kentucky coronavirus live updates:The latest news
Concern over the potential spread of COVID-19 inside densely packed jails have led to local officials around the country releasing some inmates awaiting trial or particularly vulnerable to contracting the disease, including the elderly and chronically ill.
In Louisville, prosecutors and public defenders agreed earlier in March to release over 100 non-violent pretrial defendants from the Jefferson County Jail in a bid to lessen the risk of inmates getting exposed to the coronavirus.
Shameka Parrish-Wright, operations manager at The Bail Project, said "some are being released, and that is good."
"(But) this is a fraction of what is needed to address the emergency," Parrish-Wright said.
The caravan is also concerned for jail workers in Louisville and at prisons throughout Kentucky.
To protect courts from the spread of COVID-19, the Kentucky Supreme Court issued an order Thursday extending the closure of virtually all courtrooms for two additional weeks.
The order extends the statewide shutdown to April 24 and prohibits all but emergency proceedings. It cancels all criminal and civil dockets except for domestic violence hearings, emergency custody hearings and bond and probation hearings for defendants who are in custody.
Kentucky had 248 confirmed cases of the coronavirus as of Thursday evening, with at least five deaths. Jefferson County has seen 60 cases and two deaths.
Kentucky coronavirus map:Where are the coronavirus cases? How many are there?
No COVID-19 cases have been reported in the state's jails or prisons yet, but the group that rallied Friday morning say the "Freedom Friday Caravan" will continue to be held each week "during this critical period."
"I have a friend inside (the jail)," said Sonja DeVries, a member of LSURJ. "She tells me there are inmates who are sick and who have been secluded. We do not know if this is (COVID-19), but it is only a matter of time. We want people out of there. Now."
Reach Billy Kobin at bkobin@courierjournal.com or 502-582-7030. Support strong local journalism by subscribing today: courier-journal.com/subscribe.


I was the winner of a sticker contest, that allowed my graphic to be printed and sold to other students. The challenge was to design what ever you wish in 1-2inches, supporting the theme "vaporwave". My sticker is currently stuck to about 300 laptop on campus.


text:
package org.h2.test.synth.sql;

import java.sql.Types;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import org.h2.util.New;

/**
 * Represents an expression.
 */
public class Expression {

    private String sql;
    private final TestSynth config;
    private final Command command;

    private Expression(TestSynth config, Command command) {
        this.config = config;
        this.command = command;
        sql = "";
    }

    /**
     * Create a random select list.
     *
     * @param config the configuration
     * @param command the command
     * @return the select list
     */
    static String[] getRandomSelectList(TestSynth config, Command command) {
        if (config.random().getBoolean(30)) {
            return new String[] { "*" };
        }
        ArrayList<String> exp = New.arrayList();
        String sql = "";
        if (config.random().getBoolean(10)) {
            sql += "DISTINCT ";
        }
        int len = config.random().getLog(8) + 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            sql += getRandomExpression(config, command).getSQL();
            sql += " AS A" + i + " ";
            exp.add(sql);
            sql = "";
        }
        String[] list = new String[exp.size()];
        exp.toArray(list);
        return list;
    }

    /**
     * Generate a random condition.
     *
     * @param config the configuration
     * @param command the command
     * @return the random condition expression
     */
    static Expression getRandomCondition(TestSynth config, Command command) {
        Expression condition = new Expression(config, command);
        if (config.random().getBoolean(50)) {
            condition.create();
        }
        return condition;
    }

    private static Expression getRandomExpression(TestSynth config,
            Command command) {
        Expression expression = new Expression(config, command);
        String alias = command.getRandomTableAlias();
        Column column = command.getTable(alias).getRandomConditionColumn();
        if (column == null) {
            expression.createValue();
        } else {
            expression.createExpression(alias, column);
        }
        return expression;
    }

    private void createValue() {
        Value v = Column.getRandomColumn(config).getRandomValue();
        sql = v.getSQL();
    }

    /**
     * Generate a random join condition.
     *
     * @param config the configuration
     * @param command the command
     * @param alias the alias name
     * @return the join condition
     */
    static Expression getRandomJoinOn(TestSynth config, Command command,
            String alias) {
        Expression expression = new Expression(config, command);
        expression.createJoinComparison(alias);
        return expression;
    }

    /**
     * Generate a random sort order list.
     *
     * @param config the configuration
     * @param command the command
     * @return the ORDER BY list
     */
    static String getRandomOrder(TestSynth config, Command command) {
        int len = config.random().getLog(6);
        String sql = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            if (i > 0) {
                sql += ", ";
            }
            int max = command.selectList.length;
            int idx = config.random().getInt(max);
            // sql += getRandomExpression(command).getSQL();
            // if (max > 1 && config.random().getBoolean(50)) {
            sql += "A" + idx;
            // } else {
            // sql += String.valueOf(idx + 1);
            // }
            if (config.random().getBoolean(50)) {
                if (config.random().getBoolean(10)) {
                    sql += " ASC";
                } else {
                    sql += " DESC";
                }
            }
        }
        return sql;
    }

    /**
     * Get the SQL snippet of this expression.
     *
     * @return the SQL snippet
     */
    String getSQL() {
        return sql.trim().length() == 0 ? null : sql.trim();
    }

    private boolean is(int percent) {
        return config.random().getBoolean(percent);
    }

    private String oneOf(String[] list) {
        int i = config.random().getInt(list.length);
        if (!sql.endsWith(" ")) {
            sql += " ";
        }
        sql += list[i] + " ";
        return list[i];
    }

    private static String getColumnName(String alias, Column column) {
        if (alias == null) {
            return column.getName();
        }
        return alias + "." + column.getName();
    }

    private void createJoinComparison(String alias) {
        int len = config.random().getLog(5) + 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            if (i > 0) {
                sql += "AND ";
            }
            Column column = command.getTable(alias).getRandomConditionColumn();
            if (column == null) {
                sql += "1=1";
                return;
            }
            sql += getColumnName(alias, column);
            sql += "=";
            String a2;
            do {
                a2 = command.getRandomTableAlias();
            } while (a2.equals(alias));
            Table t2 = command.getTable(a2);
            Column c2 = t2.getRandomColumnOfType(column.getType());
            if (c2 == null) {
                sql += column.getRandomValue().getSQL();
            } else {
                sql += getColumnName(a2, c2);
            }
            sql += " ";
        }
    }

    private void create() {
        createComparison();
        while (is(50)) {
            oneOf(new String[] { "AND", "OR" });
            createComparison();
        }
    }

    // private void createSubquery() {
    // // String alias = command.getRandomTableAlias();
    // // Table t1 = command.getTable(alias);
    // Database db = command.getDatabase();
    // Table t2 = db.getRandomTable();
    // String a2 = command.getNextTableAlias();
    // sql += "SELECT * FROM " + t2.getName() + " " + a2 + " WHERE ";
    // command.addSubqueryTable(a2, t2);
    // createComparison();
    // command.removeSubqueryTable(a2);
    // }

    private void createComparison() {
        if (is(5)) {
            sql += " NOT( ";
            createComparisonSub();
            sql += ")";
        } else {
            createComparisonSub();
        }
    }

    private void createComparisonSub() {
        /*
         * if (is(10)) { sql += " EXISTS("; createSubquery(); sql += ")";
         * return; } else
         */
        if (is(10)) {
            sql += "(";
            create();
            sql += ")";
            return;
        }
        String alias = command.getRandomTableAlias();
        Column column = command.getTable(alias).getRandomConditionColumn();
        if (column == null) {
            if (is(50)) {
                sql += "1=1";
            } else {
                sql += "1=0";
            }
            return;
        }
        boolean columnFirst = is(90);
        if (columnFirst) {
            sql += getColumnName(alias, column);
        } else {
            Value v = column.getRandomValue();
            sql += v.getSQL();
        }
        if (is(10)) {
            oneOf(new String[] { "IS NULL", "IS NOT NULL" });
        } else if (is(10)) {
            oneOf(new String[] { "BETWEEN", "NOT BETWEEN" });
            Value v = column.getRandomValue();
            sql += v.getSQL();
            sql += " AND ";
            v = column.getRandomValue();
            sql += v.getSQL();
            // } else if (is(10)) {
            // // oneOf(new String[] { "IN", "NOT IN" });
            // sql += " IN ";
            // sql += "(";
            // int len = config.random().getInt(8) + 1;
            // for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            // if (i > 0) {
            // sql += ", ";
            // }
            // sql += column.getRandomValueNotNull().getSQL();
            // }
            // sql += ")";
        } else {
            if (column.getType() == Types.VARCHAR) {
                oneOf(new String[] { "=", "=", "=", "<", ">",
                        "<=", ">=", "<>", "LIKE", "NOT LIKE" });
            } else {
                oneOf(new String[] { "=", "=", "=", "<", ">",
                        "<=", ">=", "<>" });
            }
            if (columnFirst) {
                Value v = column.getRandomValue();
                sql += v.getSQL();
            } else {
                sql += getColumnName(alias, column);
            }
        }
    }

    private void createExpression(String alias, Column type) {
        boolean op = is(20);
        // no null values if there is an operation
        boolean allowNull = !op;
        // boolean allowNull =true;

        createTerm(alias, type, true);
        if (op) {
            switch (type.getType()) {
            case Types.INTEGER:
                if (config.is(TestSynth.POSTGRESQL)) {
                    oneOf(new String[] { "+", "-", "/" });
                } else {
                    oneOf(new String[] { "+", "-", "*", "/" });
                }
                createTerm(alias, type, allowNull);
                break;
            case Types.DECIMAL:
                oneOf(new String[] { "+", "-", "*" });
                createTerm(alias, type, allowNull);
                break;
            case Types.VARCHAR:
                sql += " || ";
                createTerm(alias, type, allowNull);
                break;
            case Types.BLOB:
            case Types.CLOB:
            case Types.DATE:
                break;
            default:
            }
        }
    }

    private void createTerm(String alias, Column type, boolean allowNull) {
        int dt = type.getType();
        if (is(5) && (dt == Types.INTEGER) || (dt == Types.DECIMAL)) {
            sql += " - ";
            allowNull = false;
        }
        if (is(10)) {
            sql += "(";
            createTerm(alias, type, allowNull);
            sql += ")";
            return;
        }
        if (is(20)) {
            // if (is(10)) {
            // sql += "CAST(";
            // // TODO cast
            // Column c = Column.getRandomColumn(config);
            // createTerm(alias, c, allowNull);
            // sql += " AS ";
            // sql += type.getTypeName();
            // sql += ")";
            // return;
            // }
            switch (dt) {
            // case Types.INTEGER:
            // String function = oneOf(new String[] { "LENGTH" /*, "MOD" */ });
            // sql += "(";
            // createTerm(alias, type, allowNull);
            // sql += ")";
            // break;
            case Types.VARCHAR:
                oneOf(new String[] { "LOWER", "UPPER" });
                sql += "(";
                createTerm(alias, type, allowNull);
                sql += ")";
                break;
            default:
                createTerm(alias, type, allowNull);
            }
            return;
        }
        if (is(60)) {
            String a2 = command.getRandomTableAlias();
            Column column = command.getTable(a2).getRandomColumnOfType(dt);
            if (column != null) {
                sql += getColumnName(a2, column);
                return;
            }
        }

        Value v = Value.getRandom(config, dt, 20, 2, allowNull);
        sql += v.getSQL();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        throw new AssertionError();
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Bingo loyalists unhappy about millennial slang creeping into the game
By Phoebe Southworth 22 March 2019 • 7:16pm
Dabbers Social Bingo club
It is a game traditionally played by groups of middle-aged women over a glass of wine.
However, bingo has started to attract a new crowd of young players introduced to the game by hipster clubs offering vegan food and cocktails.
Most pastimes with falling participation rates - more than 1,200 bingo halls have closed since the 1980s - would welcome a new generation adopting the game for their nights out.
But bingo loyalists are not keen on the most memorable aspect of the game - the nicknames for numbers as they are called out - being replaced with modern slang.
A leading figure in the business has warned that lewd jokes and calls about social media sites used to attract millennials do not go down well with the traditional crowd.
Events aimed at students are rife with "vulgar" and "offensive" gags, such as references to oral sex when calling the number 69, says Miles Baron, the CEO of The Bingo Association and the National Bingo Game.
Some venues, such as Dabbers Social Bingo in the City of London, have replaced their calls with millennial-friendly versions - such '14 - Insta hipster scene', '48 - Not another Brexit debate' and '56 - Scrolling through the ex's pics'.
The club has even substituted '88 - Two fat ladies' with '88 - Two body positive ladies'.
Mr Baron believes the new repertoire of risque jokes and long number calls could be off-putting for traditional bingo players, who tend to be women aged between 45 and 55 who want to get on with the games without delay.
He told The Telegraph: "In some of the newer bingo contexts out there at the moment, which are a bit cutting-edge and are aimed at younger people, some of the innuendos are very offensive.
"If you're a traditional bingo customer in a bingo club and somebody calls 69 and says 6 and 9, sixty-nine, you mark off 69.
"But if you're in one of these more risque, food and drink, aimed at young people-type environments the innuendos on 6 and 9, sixty-nine, probably wouldn't be appropriate."
He added: "What they're doing is absolutely brilliant because it's changing perceptions and it's trying to bring bingo into the future.
"Nevertheless, some of the terminology, the jokes, the innuendo is downright vulgar."
Mr Baron explained that the traditional bingo number calls - such as '11 - Legs Eleven' and '28 - Overweight' - have been fazed out by many clubs because they take too long to read and are sometimes considered too politically incorrect, but the new wave of youth-focussed events are filling the void with even ruder phrases.
"Our younger customers who come at the weekend would probably embrace it and think it's okay, but our bread and butter - 45 to 55-year-old females - who come on a Wednesday or Thursday night, I don't think would be impressed," he said.
"There are people out there trying to take bingo into the world of the 20-year-old and with it comes some behaviour that perhaps people might find risque."
Bongo's Bingo, which caters to thousands of bingo fans of all ages across the country, said they have never had any complaints from offended customers.
Jonny Lacey, the company's co-founder, said: "I never want a show to be crude or rude. Our shows may have some tongue-in-cheek comments or a few innuendos but we have never had a complaint from anyone about the show being offensive."
Mecca, the UK's largest bingo game operator, said it is changing its bingo games because millennials want different things from the game compared with previous generations of players.
Barry Lyons, head of events, said: "We are adapting forms of the much loved game of bingo to appeal to everyone who wants to play the game and meet those changing needs.
"Our existing audience is still as important as ever and we consciously segment these new concepts by time and days so as not to alienate our existing customer base, but we have to innovate and change to ensure bingo stays relevant in 2019 and beyond."
Game (meat)
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