text:
I will be traveling the rest of the week to give a lecture at the Sussex graduate school "From Classical to Quantum GR", so not much will happen on this blog. For the school, we were asked for discussion topics related to our lectures, below are my suggestions. Leave your thoughts in the comments, additional suggestions for topics are also welcome.
Is it socially responsible to spend money on quantum gravity research? Don't we have better things to do? How could mankind possibly benefit from quantum gravity?
Can we make any progress on the theory of quantum gravity without connection to experiment? Should we think at all about theories of quantum gravity that do not produce testable predictions? How much time do we grant researchers to come up with predictions?
What is your favorite approach towards quantum gravity? Why? Should you have a favorite approach at all?
Is our problem maybe not with the quantization of gravity but with the foundations of quantum mechanics and the process of quantization?
How plausible is it that gravity remains classical while all the other forces are quantized? Could gravity be neither classical nor quantized?
How convinced are you that the Planck length is at 10-33cm? Do you think it is plausible that it is lower? Should we continue looking for it?
What do you think is the most promising area to look for quantum gravitational effects and why?
Do you think that gravity can be successfully quantized without paying attention to unification?
Lara and Gloria say hello and wish you a happy Easter :o)
Posted by Sabine Hossenfelder at 11:59 AM Labels: Interna, Travel
J 12:56 PM, April 21, 2014
To your questions:
Sab1) Is it socially responsible to spend money on quantum gravity research?
My answer: Yes, we NEED quantum gravity, badly. If the human species has to master new technology, there is nothing more keen that "gravity-like technology".
Sab2) Don't we have better things to do?
My anwer: more useless and evil projects are funded out there. Quantum gravity is Science, not fiction or myth, so it should be granted and funded...
Sab3) How could mankind possibly benefit from quantum gravity?
My answer (I could elaborate it more, but this is not the right place): if humans are to go to space and interstellar space, there are few options to survive in space for a long time. Even if protected against cosmic radiation, we have to find a way to locally modify gravity in order to create "gravitational fields" by "induction". No current TESTED theory speaks or tells how we could generate induced gravitational fields with other forces. So, either we manage it, or to survive in low gravity we should use some another method (even genetic modification has been advocated by S.W.Hawking to survive in space).
Sab4) Can we make any progress on the theory of quantum gravity without connection to experiment?
My answer: likely yes, but unless we discover that the fundamental scale of gravity is lesser than Planck scale, we will be searching for indirect tests. However, stuff like the information paradox or what is the "picture" and realization of spacetime "quanta" should be elucidated as well theoretically.
Sab5) Should we think at all about theories of quantum gravity that do not produce testable predictions?
My answer: If you mean testable in reasonable time with suitable technology, likely not excepting as a mathematical training. The fact that the ether idea is "wrong" does not mean we should not know what was the classical ether and in what sense "something similar" (but not the same) is encoded in currently accepted theories. Theoretical physics must discuss any idea, experimentalists will tell what of our models/theories are right to "survive"...
Sab6) How much time do we grant researchers to come up with predictions?
My answer: researchers should be come up with predictions, but also with reasonable models. The art of prediction is not "easy", many physicists before us were aware of this thing...
Sab7) What is your favorite approach towards quantum gravity? Why? Should you have a favorite approach at all?
My answer: I have no favourite approach right know. Perhaps, I like those that predict some additional structures in spacetime or that goes beyond Lorentz invariance. Beyond the entropic mood, I like to study ANY possible and thought "extension" to SR both kinematically and dynamically (DSR, TSR, deformed -quantum/cosmological- spacetimes, de Sitter relativity, Finsler relativity, anisotropic relativities, multitemporal relativites, extended relativies, supersymmetric extensions of Poincare group, tensor superspace relativities,...)
Sab8) Is our problem maybe not with the quantization of gravity but with the foundations of quantum mechanics and the process of quantization?
My answer: I can not imagine an scenario in which only the quantum idea "win". The dualitiy revolution came to show us that classical/quantum dynamics are somehow mapped to each other, so, if we "improve" our knowledge of gravity, that will affect QM and QFT as we know it today. Even more, not only "emergent" spacetimes theories but also "emergent" QM groups have been founded. I dislike the word "emergent" because it hides that it is a cloak of "effective theories"...
Sab9) How plausible is it that gravity remains classical while all the other forces are quantized?
My answer: somehow, gravity IS purely quantum at Nature. It must. A different thing is that we can describe it as a classical field theory and a geometrical setting with riemannian or Riemann-Cartan disguise. In fact, the own non-renormalizability of old pure quantum gravity, I believe, says that canonical quantization fails, and it is related to both: the structure of the theory and the fact that G is dimensional as the Fermi Constant in the weak interaction. G in terms of Planck's constant and c is NOT fundamental, or it isn't, in a pure quantum gravity approach. We need to undersand how G arises from some other field, just as the Fermi constant (and the effective Fermi theory of beta decay) "emerged" from integrating out the right degrees of freedom the purely quantum electroweak theory. Therefore, we have to modify gravity at some scale in order to get the right theory. String/M theory does it, LQG does it, some other theories also do it
Sab10) Could gravity be neither classical nor quantized?
My answer: NO. I don't like this question. Gravity IS classical in the sense of the newtonian theory or in the general relativistic version (relativistic gravity would be a better name for general relativity). And since gravity IS a fundamental interaction, it should have a fundamental quantum and be quantum in the deepest and tiniest "space of space". Classical/Quantum theories are right, aren't they?, in their domain of energies. So, if quantum gravity is "something very different", it makes hard to me how to say that classical or quantum theories are "wrong". Gravity IS a field. As classical field, it has two "effective" theories. Newtonian gravity is the lowest effective theory, and GR is the highest effective theory of (classical) gravity. Any fundamental theory of quantum gravity MUST explain the link classical/quantum better, not to deny it both. Information? Maybe...
Sab11) How convinced are you that the Planck length is at 10-33cm?
My answer: I think you mean "the fundamental" Planck scale instead of the effective "Planck scale". LHC explores energies up to 0.1 zm, so quantum gravity could hide any place between the normal Planck length or larger (smaller sounds crazy). Without experimental hints on the contrary, combination of "fundamental constants" give us that length, and it seems inevitable unless extradimensions or other weird effect applies...
Sab12) Do you think it is plausible that it is lower?
Planck length lower?Bigger? Again, I think it is in the end a phenomenological question. Unless some new physics appear in the LHC or new experiments, "constants" are cruel...
Sab13) Should we continue looking for it?
My answer: Yes. Test any theory that is possible. Make any experiment you can imagine.
Sab14) What do you think is the most promising area to look for quantum gravitational effects and why?
My answer: CMB polarization, cool neutrons interferometry, neutrino oscillations precision measurements (neutrino astronomy), gravitational waves searches. CMB polarization hints that quantum gravity IS and WAS very relavant; cold neutrons interferometry can aid us to test gravity WITH QM faces; neutrino oscillations can reveal patterns from quantum gravity (even the relic neutrinos from the Big Bang can tell us a lot of our past); gravitational waves and the measurements of their properties are fundamental to find deviations from GR induced by the true QG theory...
Sab15) Do you think that gravity can be successfully quantized without paying attention to unification?
My answer: Any success in the quantization of gravity with shed light into the way QM is "fundamental" and how the running of the "fundamental constants" run with energy, so at least in the context of a renormalization group programme, quantum gravity will affect how the running of G (or the dimensionless analogue) will merge into a single point with the remaining interactions.
Uncle Al 1:18 PM, April 21, 2014
Is it socially responsible to spend money on quantum gravity research? Yes United States' $12 trillion in Afghanistan purchased nothing. California High-Speed Rail cannot cost less than $92 billion: 800 miles, 24 stations, average estimated speed now ~50 mph from boasted 220 mph. Science costs chump change.
Don't we have better things to do? Perform a geometric Eötvös experiment. Get off the planet or near-term smother as a species. We desperately need a gravitation loophole.
How could mankind possibly benefit from quantum gravity? How could mankind possibly benefit from charitably feeding billions of the congenitally inconsequential?
Can we make any progress on the theory of quantum gravity without connection to experiment? Absent experiment, theory does not know how to succeed. Euclid cannot navigate the high seas for having a weak founding postulate. Parameterized Euclid is no better.
Should we think at all about theories of quantum gravity that do not produce testable predictions? How much time do we grant researchers to come up with predictions? 40 years of quantum gravitation, SUSY, and dark matter are sterile. Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 161301 (2014) is a huge fuming pile with no pony. Something is deeply, fundamentally wrong - but not its derivation. Vacuum symmetry toward boson photons is not exact toward fermionic matter (quarks, hadrons). Bosons and fermions are not interchangeable.
What is your favorite approach towards quantum gravity? Why? Should you have a favorite approach at all? I'm a bench chemist. My favorite is anything that gives high yield. Zero-% is intolerable.
Is our problem maybe not with the quantization of gravity but with the foundations of quantum mechanics and the process of quantization? As assumed vacuum symmetry does not exactly obtain toward mass. This screams as parity violations, symmetry breakings, chiral anomalies, Chern-Simons repair of Einstein-Hilbert action. Repair the weak assumption.
How plausible is it that gravity remains classical while all the other forces are quantized? Could gravity be neither classical nor quantized GR is a subset of Einstein-Cartan-Kibble-Sciama gravitation containing chiral spacetime torsion plus achiral (or racemic - Ashtekar and Immirzi) spacetime curvature. Test for a trace chiral vacuum background (chiral spacetime torsion) only active toward fermion quarks with a geometric Eötvös experiment. The worst it can do is succeed, explaining everything.
How convinced are you that the Planck length is at 10^(-33) cm? Do you think it is plausible that it is lower? Should we continue looking for it? No comment.
What do you think is the most promising area to look for quantum gravitational effects and why? Define spacetime geometry with test mass geometry, then write theory.
Do you think that gravity can be successfully quantized without paying attention to unification? Given empirically valid founding postulates, everything will click into place. Perform a geometric Eötvös experiment, left-handed versus right-handed single crystal alpha-quartz test masses. Physics has nothing else remaining that is not proven failure.
J 1:52 PM, April 21, 2014
In my opinion, for "business" and "laymen", the key question is Why quantum gravity matters for Technology and society, and the applications it could surely provide...
To a scientist, the fundamental issues are How to test the "true" quantum gravity theory and its implications of the unification programme. In this respect, theoretically, the main question is if quantum gravity stands apart form the remaining interactions OR if quantum gravity is the milestone of the whole unification quest...In summary, for QG theorists and business men matter:
1) What IS quantum gravity in the sense what are they d.o.f. and what are the spacetime "atoms" and how to test it?
2) What applications quantum gravity has and how could we build them?
Giotis 1:59 PM, April 21, 2014
Off the top my head here is a couple of topics for discussion:
What is the minimum set of fundamental rules that a theory of QG has to respect?
What is the ultimate set of criteria that will allow you to decide whether a theory of QG is successful as a theoretical construction?
hush 4:23 PM, April 21, 2014
To Lara and Gloria:
Happy Easter and Hi!
From my twin and I.
We wrote letters because there were no computers when we were the age you both are now.
Theophanes Raptis 6:47 PM, April 21, 2014
Just to complete this questionnaire. What are we but somewhat more intelligent apes trying to figure it all out?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQcN7lHSD5Y
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y15NnGZIBuM
Zephir 8:46 PM, April 21, 2014
/*Is it socially responsible to spend money on quantum gravity research?*/
What is socially irresponsible is to ignore the cold fusion and overunity energy research on behalf of basic science research. The quantum gravity research is just deeply confused and imbecille (as I explained here many times, it's subject are all phenomena between quantum mechanics and relativity scales, i.e. the chemistry, biology and classical mechanics). The research of Tesla scalar waves technologies belong into quantum gravity too. With ignorance of this physics the physicists bring the world on the verge of global nuclear war.
BTW You've so beautiful children..! Did you ever think about how the Ukrainian crisis threatens the Western Europe and how this crisis is powered with fossil fuel crisis which is fueled with ignorance of cold fusion and scalar wave technologies with mainstream physics? Everything is connected with everything more closely, than you may even realize. What I'm sadly lacking is the basic self-preservation instinct, if not social responsibility here.
Joe Marchione 11:06 PM, April 21, 2014
In short, I believe solving the quantum gravity question is crucial to our fundamental understanding of nature. Its hard not to think of gravity in the classical sense as pure a potential and in the quantum sense as a form of weak coupling monopole that is directly related to physics at the Planck scale. Its all important. All of it.
A. Mikovic 6:49 AM, April 22, 2014
The problem of QG consists of 3 problems. The simplest problem is to find a path integral or canonical quantization formulation which is based on a smooth manifold geometry (for example, asymptotic safety models or loop QG) or some generalization of the former (i.e. loop manifold in the case of string theory or a PL complex in the case of state-sum models),
such that in the appropriate limit the theory gives GR plus small quantum corrections and that the path integral can be defined non-perturbatively.
This can be achieved, as demonstrated in string theory as well as in the case of state-sum models. The second problem is to address the problem of the elementary particle spectrum within a QG theory, and so far it was only the string theory that gave some answers. One can also add the problem of the fate of an evaporating black hole, but there are strong indications that the simplest solution is a unitary evolution without a singularity formation.
The third problem is more of a conceptual nature, and it is related with the difficulties of applying the quantum mechanics formalism to quantum cosmology. The questions of the meaning of probability measurements without observers, creation of an universe and meaning of time are of this type. This requires a generalization of QM and this is the most difficult one.
nemo 8:06 AM, April 22, 2014
- Yes it is! No, we don't. Quantum gravity is the most powerful insight that human being may have about the Nature.
Can we make any progress on the theory of quantum gravity without connection to experiment?
- Yes we can. Once that quantum gravity has been understood most of the present mystery of Science will be resolved.
Should we think at all about theories of quantum gravity that do not produce testable predictions?
- No. As I said, once we understand qg will have wonderful key to investigate e resolve a huge amount of mysteries of Science.
How much time do we grant researchers to come up with predictions?
- as first it must solve the minsters of dark energy and dark matter. If it works with that you are in good position and you may dedicate all you life to fully unveil the mystery.
- General relativity. Space-time is not real. It is just the best way we have to describe and inquiry Nature. Nothing else. Space-time quantization is a chimera. The best approach in QM is the field theory and knot theory. If you have doubt about space-time, remember the entanglement. Locality a non locality is a wrong to look at Nature. What's is really important is the relation between things.
- if we remove space-time what we have? All fields we may measure, all coupled together. That's what we call space-time.
- we have to forget these points. Space-time is needed just to discover the law of Nature and make the proper relations between things.
- I suppose I've already replayed.
What do you think is the most promising area to look for quantum gravitational effects and why? Superconductivity. It show quantum effect that belongs from the force that are inside the matter, where all field works together.
Do you think that gravity can be successfully quantized without paying attention to unification? No, it would be silly.
Phillip Helbig 12:00 PM, April 22, 2014
This is the most important: "How plausible is it that gravity remains classical while all the other forces are quantized? Could gravity be neither classical nor quantized?"
Be radical; think about the possibility that all other forces might be unified but that gravity is just separate. Is it somehow necessary that gravity be unified with the other forces.
Say hello to Peter Coles if you see him; you are united in the fact that I comment on both of your blogs.
"Did you ever think about how the Ukrainian crisis threatens the Western Europe and how this crisis is powered with fossil fuel crisis which is fueled with ignorance of cold fusion and scalar wave technologies with mainstream physics?"
I think it is much more socially irresponsible to put faith in things like cold fusion. This delusion detracts one from solving the real problems. I remember an interview with someone who, during the Vietnam War, got a shaman to levitate the Pentagon. Or so he believed. This guy felt that he had done something against the Vietnam War (though what, exactly, considering that the Pentagon didn't notice anything, I don't know). He could have made a real difference by doing something actually useful.
Sabine Hossenfelder 12:07 PM, April 22, 2014
I, and many others, have thought about this question and the problem is that it's hard to make it mathematically consistent, as I am sure you know. I am not willing to give up mathematical consistency, that would seem an extremely implausible step to me. Best,
Anonymous 12:46 PM, April 22, 2014
IMHO your problem is that you do not appreciate the curved-space geometry of classical electromagnetism. Or that curved spacetime equates to inhomogeneous space. Or that the photon is effectively a graviton.
How plausible is it that gravity remains classical while all the other forces are quantized?
Not at all. In the current-and-wire the electromagnetic fields almost cancel, but not quite. When you stop the current, the electromagnetic fields almost cancel, but not quite.
Unknown 1:48 PM, April 22, 2014
Out of these, in my humble opinion the most interesting question is the second last one:
Most of these questions are related to the need for empirical evidence; therefore, I feel that the essential question is this: where to look for it.
The program of events for this graduate school session is impressive. Any chance of these lectures/discussions being put online?
Is anyone reminded of the past?
What do you think is the most promising area to look for nuclear effects and why?
Transmutation. (Guess)
Why stop there?
What do you think is the most harmful area to look for nuclear effects and why?
Weaponizing. Abuse.
What do you think is the most harmful area to look for quantum gravitational effects and why?
Constraints. Self preservation.
Tom Andersen 8:50 PM, April 22, 2014
You can build everything you need out of Classical GR. No other tools required.
The problem with physics today is that everyone thinks it has to be new equations, new fields and new particles.
The amount known about the solution space of GR is of zero measure. Add Godel to that and you have an infinite playground. Particles, fields, everything can be constructed from gravity.
The first gravitational particle discovered was the Schwarzschild solution. It took decades before anyone believed they could be found in nature.
David Brown 9:32 AM, April 23, 2014
"... favorite approach towards quantum gravity?" The favorite approach should be whatever best explains Milgrom's acceleration law. On the basis of overwhelming empirical evidence, Milgrom is the Kepler of contemporary cosmology. Note that Kroupa is scheduled to give a talk at the IAS on Thurs., 24 April 2014.
Astrophysics Events, School of Natural Sciences, IAS
L. Edgar Otto 12:01 PM, April 23, 2014
The Milgrom ideas while conceptually clever are unlikely to explain the higher reach of gravitational theory so that approach as with imagined particles some tweak that the universe's acceleration data matches their theory will leave us cold.
But it is among the first of falsifiable new physics as was Kepler's model until a Newton or Einstein came along to tie it all together. :-)
/*..This delusion detracts one from solving the real problems..*/
Yep, I'm aware it's the main problem with acceptation of cold fusion. It just steals the social credit, grants and money the physicists engaged in alternative research. Which is why I consider the mainstream physicists as the culprit most responsible for delay of cold fusion research - not the alleged fossil fuel lobby or someone else.
L. Edgar Otto 3:50 PM, April 24, 2014
Zephir,
Everyone of the questions raised by Sabine in this post is important.
Cold fusion is as only as useful as its possibility and mathematical consistency as quantum theory that grounds it as a physical possibility. Can that show a gain in energy to that put in?
/* Cold fusion is as only as useful as its possibility and mathematical consistency as quantum theory that grounds it as a physical possibility.. */
Are you serious? For example, we already have dozens of practical applications of HT superconductors, despite we still have no working theory for it. What's worse, even if we would have a working theory of HT superconductors, we still may not be able to prepare them. The practical applications of cold fusion can behave similarly, in addition they have anything to do with quantum gravity in its present state.
Where is the ground? Zephir
How is this different from heterodyneing over complex number amplification? Not a bad enigineering application and testable even without deeper theory. But would it work in a strong gravitational field? Would the flashlight change color? Would the light come out any faster than c? Is cold fusion possible beyond Boron?
Where do the neutrons go? Define random. And why do we need even a single input when supernova and black holes in isolation can spew out heavier atoms as materialized "aether waves"?
Unknown 3:20 AM, April 25, 2014
Nice info Teknologi Teknik Informasi
MarkusM 12:36 PM, April 25, 2014
Dyson lately gave a quite detailed talk about the problems with detecting a graviton:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-FSFtoeagc
Nevertheless, Kraus and Wilczek think that one could see QG signatures in cosmology:
http://frankwilczek.com/2013/gravitons3.pdf
We can observe them on the surface of stars & the Earth too. So why can they not see that?
MarkusM 1:29 AM, April 26, 2014
L. Edgar Otto,
Gravity, yes, but not the quantum of gravity, the graviton.
L. Edgar Otto 11:59 AM, April 26, 2014
The leading social responsibility question in Sabines list is the most important of our day.
I think it amounts to not do much an area of inquiry is not pursued or dismissed but how we can add to the wisdom rather than define ourselves as victims in emotional bias that merely gives us a place in line rather than anyone else to be part of inquirey of worse it simply amounts to consuming the economics based on unclear ideas of ethics as thieft.
We need not stand up for ourselves although emotional stability can have diminishing returns, esteem issues rescently indicating lower IQ - it is my flaw ameliorated only by I am prone to stand up for others.
That said, your ideas from an engineering standpoint with my objectivity opens up wider possibilities.
Theory is the design to find leader that can speed inquirey along.
I can quite imagine now a whole new class of electronics from your concerns and examples - to be tested of course.
New variations on transformers and antennas the QM gravity questions as physics may apply on a higher level than what we now explore. And this amounts to that we may actually be able to modulate the probability amplitudes.
It seems this poet has grained much from all inputs of dialog as hopefully us all. I would not discourage anyone from inquiry who respects the art of it and the value that may be in our shared experiences of a personal nature. Best
Marie and Mitch 8:42 AM, April 28, 2014
I like your questions for discussion, and I would like to share my thoughts.
In order to find a successful theory of quantum gravity, I believe both general relativity and quantum mechanics may need modification. In my opinion, this modification may involve our most fundamental understanding of physics: Newton's first law of motion.
Is Newton's law of inertia complete? Or is there more to the story? The concept of inertia was originally developed by Galileo, but that concept was different than Newton's. Based on Galileo's original concept of inertia, I have developed ideas that would modify Einstein's relativity in a way that suggests a simple theory of quantum gravity. I have several papers published on these ideas, and several others accepted for publication. Anyone interested can view my video on YouTube, but please bear with me; it's not all that professional. It is titled "Galileo's Return and the Fall of Einstein's Relativity Theory".
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZzMz5XMIFw
My video is less than 12 minutes long and is only a condensed version of the whole story. Hence, it may raise more questions than it answers.
Phillip Helbig 9:53 AM, April 28, 2014
"I have several papers published on these ideas, and several others accepted for publication."
Can you give links to the papers? Where were they published?
Marie and Mitch 2:49 PM, April 28, 2014
I believe that many (if not all)strange interpretations of today's physical theories, particularly with quantum mechanics, come from the practice of developing purely mathematical theories without good philosophy.
I've sent you 5 attachments and 2 links via email. I hope you find them interesting.
Unknown 11:53 PM, April 28, 2014
Basic physics will always be of interest. Of course you have to do some practical work first to pay for it all and help people who need it.
But we need some measurement first. Like what is the gravity between two neutrons as they pass each other closely. Or neutrons going through as carbon tube grating.
Or the frequency of a quantum tuning fork (100 atoms or less) as a large mass passes by.
There must be some way of measuring short range gravity as is should be large 1/R.
hush 5:26 AM, April 29, 2014
"Or the frequency of a quantum tuning fork (100 atoms or less) as a large mass passes by." - Svik Vik
What are you predicting here?
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Home > SCIENCE > PHYSICS_ASTRONOMY > PHYSICS_ASTRONOMY_PUBS > 1735
Symmetry-adapted ab initio no-core shell model calculations for 12C
K. D. Launey, Louisiana State University
A. C. Dreyfuss, Keene State College
T. Dytrych, Louisiana State University
J. P. Draayer, Louisiana State University
D. Langr, Czech Technical University in Prague
P. Maris, Iowa State University
J. P. Vary, Iowa State University
C. Bahri, University of Notre Dame
Symmetry-adapted no-core shell-model calculations reveal dominant symmetry patterns in the structure of light nuclei, independent of whether the system Hamiltonian is phenomenological in nature or derived from realistic interactions. We show results of large-scale nuclear structure computations based on the ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell model that use only a fraction of the model space. In addition, the symmetry patterns unveiled in these results are employed to explore ultra-large model spaces for 12C. The outcome suggests a possible path forward for realizing collective theories that target correlated highly-deformed and alpha-cluster structures in terms of microscopic degrees of freedom that build forward from the nucleon-nucleon interaction itself.
Publication Source (Journal or Book title)
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Launey, K., Dreyfuss, A., Dytrych, T., Draayer, J., Langr, D., Maris, P., Vary, J., & Bahri, C. (2013). Symmetry-adapted ab initio no-core shell model calculations for 12C. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 436 (1) https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/436/1/012023
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text:
Q: GraphQL doesn't create request while using angular HttpClient rather than showing undefined length error I am using graphql for login functionality and for creating user in my application.
From angular end, creating user is working correctly and i can view my request on network tab which is absolutely fine. But when i try to make a post request for login with email and password the request doesn't work. When i check my query on "localhost:3000/graphql" evrything is fine. I don't understand why it's behaving like this.
** here is my code **
my schema.js file:
type Auth{
       id: ID!
       name: String!
       email: String!
       token: String!
       refreshToken: String!
       expiresIn: String!
    }

    input LoginInputData{
        email: String!
        password: String!
    }

    type RootMutation{
        createUser ( userInput: UserInputData ): User!
    }strong text

    type RootQuery{
        login( loginInput: LoginInputData ): Auth!
    }

    schema{
        query: RootQuery
        mutation: RootMutation
    }

my resolver.js file
const {Product} = require('../models/product')
const {User} = require('../models/user')
const bcrypt = require('bcryptjs')
const validator = require('validator')
const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');

module.exports = {

    createUser: async function({userInput},req){

        const errors = []

        if(!validator.isEmail(userInput.email)){
            errors.push({message:"Invalid Email"})
        }
        if(validator.isEmpty(userInput.passwordHash) ||
            !validator.isLength(userInput.passwordHash,{min:5})){
            errors.push({message:'Password Too Short'})
        }

        if(errors.length > 0){
            const error = new Error('Invlid Input')
            error.data = errors
            error.code = 422
            throw error;
        }

        const user = new User({
            name: userInput.name,
            email: userInput.email,
            passwordHash: bcrypt.hashSync(userInput.passwordHash,10),
            phone: userInput.phone,
            isAdmin: userInput.isAdmin,
            street: userInput.street,
            apartment: userInput.apartment,
            zip: userInput.zip,
            city: userInput.city,
            country: userInput.country
        })

        const createdUser = await user.save()
        return { ...createdUser._doc, _id:createdUser._id.toString()}
    },

    login: async function({loginInput},req){
        const user = await User.findOne({email:loginInput.email})
        const secret = process.env.SECRET;
        if(!user) {
           const error = new Error("User Not Found");
           error.code = 401;
           throw error;
        }

        if(user && bcrypt.compareSync(loginInput.password,user.passwordHash))  {
            // access token
            const token = jwt.sign(
                {
                    userId:user._id,
                    email: user.email,
                    isAdmin:user.isAdmin
                },
                secret,
                {
                    expiresIn: '1d'
                    // expiresIn: '180000'

                }
            )

            // refreshToken

            const refreshToken = jwt.sign(
                {
                    userId:user._id,
                    email: user.email,
                    isAdmin:user.isAdmin
                },
                secret,
                {
                    expiresIn: '1d'
                    // expiresIn: '180000'

                }
            )

            return {
                id:user._id.toString(),
                name:user.name,
                email:user.email,
                token:token,
                refreshToken:refreshToken,
                expiresIn: new Date(new Date().getTime() + 64764000 )
            };
        }
        else {
            const error = new Error("Incorrect Password")
            error.code = 401
            throw error
        }
    }
}

In my angular end: ( using angular v-14 )
auth.component.ts
// for login
this.graphqlService.login('admin@gmail.com','admin').subscribe((response)=>{
      this.isLoading = false;
        //this.authService.setAuthStatus(response.name,response.email,response.token,response.expriresIn);
        this.router.navigate(['/admin/',])
      },error => {
        console.log(error)
    })

// for creating user
 this.graphqlService.createUser(this.user)
        .subscribe((response)=>{
          console.log(response)
        if(response.createUser._id){
          this.toastr.success('User Saved')
          this.form.reset();
        }
      },error => {
        let errorMessage = ErrorClass.getErrorMessage(error);
        this.toastr.error(errorMessage);
        console.error(errorMessage);
      })

**auth.service.ts**

export class GraphqlService extends BaseService{

  constructor(http:HttpClient) {
    super(http)
  }

  createUser(user){
    const graphQlQuery = {
      query: `
        mutation {
          createUser(userInput: {
            name: "${user.name}",
            email: "${user.email}",
            passwordHash: "${user.password}",
            phone: "${user.phone}",
            isAdmin: ${user.isAdmin},
            city: "${user.city}",
            street: "${user.street}",
            apartment: "${user.apartment}",
            zip: "${user.zip}",
            country: "${user.country}",
          })
          {
            _id
          }
        }
      `
    }

    return this.http.post<any>(
      graphApi,
      { query: graphQlQuery.query},
      {headers:this.headers})
      .pipe(map((d) => d.data));
  }

  login(email,password){
    const graphqlQuery = {
      query: `
       {
          login(
            email: "${email}",
            password: "${password}",
          )
          {
            id
            name
            email
            token
            refreshToken
            expiresIn
          }
        }
      `
    }
    console.log(graphqlQuery,graphApi)
    return this.http.post<any>(
      graphApi,null,
      // { query: graphqlQuery.query},
      {headers:this.headers,params: new HttpParams().set('query',graphqlQuery.query)})
      .pipe(map((d) => d.data));
  }
}

as i mentioned creating user working properly but login is not working and doesn't create any request here is the ss for creating user :

but for login there is no request. but an error in console :

can anyone help me to sort out ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Add a little panache to your menu with select mixed greens.
Cotton Candy Food Contributor Chef Evelyn Paul gives us fun island creations.
These waterfront cities give all of us a reason to get close to the edge.
Vegetarian meals that are très magnifique.


text:
Leeds United: Whites have reportedly made a 'much better' offer for Jonathan David than Lille
jimmy moorhouse | 18:25 27/07/20
Leeds United have recently been credited with an interest in Gent forward Jonathan David – and it now appears that Marcelo Bielsa's side have made a 'much better' for the forward than potential suitors Lille.
The Pro League club's chairman, Ivan de Witte, spoke to Belgian news outlet De Zondag, about the interest being shown in the 20-year-old this summer. He mainly discussed Lille's approach for the young striker, but suggested that as it stands, Leeds are among those to have offered better proposals than the Ligue 1 side.
Nice easy one to start off with, from which club did Leeds sign Hernandez?
Al Arabi
He said, (as per Sport Witness):
"A few weeks ago it still sounded loud that he only wants to go to the Bundesliga and now he necessarily wants to go to France… isn't that really bizarre? As if Lille would be such a great step forward for Jonathan. Is one then thinking of the player's career? The contacts were stopped this week, but other clubs are still interested. With much better proposals even. Including Leeds."
TIF Thoughts…
The Canadian international enjoyed a superb season with Gent; contributing 18 goals in 27 top-flight appearances (per WhoScored), which helped Jess Thorup's side to a second-place finish. The youngster is currently valued at £20.25 million by Transfermarkt, suggesting that it would be an expensive signing for the Whites to make.
Do you want to see Leeds sign David this summer?
However, with the Yorkshire club having just been promoted back to the top flight, they will surely want to make the necessary additions to ensure that they have the best chance of staying there, and considering David's goalscoring exploits last season, you could argue that he would certainly add an attacking threat should he join Leeds this summer.
jimmy moorhouse
Hal Fish | 1 hour ago


text:
using GogoKit.Enumerations;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace GogoKit
{
    public static class Default
    {
        public static readonly IDictionary<ApiEnvironment, Uri> ViagogoApiRootEndpoints =
            new Dictionary<ApiEnvironment, Uri>()
            {
                [ApiEnvironment.Production] = new Uri("https://api.viagogo.net/v2"),
                [ApiEnvironment.Sandbox] = new Uri("https://sandbox.api.viagogo.net/v2")
            };

        public static readonly IDictionary<ApiEnvironment, Uri> ViagogoCatalogApiRootEndpoints =
            new Dictionary<ApiEnvironment, Uri>()
            {
                [ApiEnvironment.Production] = new Uri("https://api.viagogo.net/catalog"),
                [ApiEnvironment.Sandbox] = new Uri("https://sandbox.api.viagogo.net/catalog")
            };

        public static readonly IDictionary<ApiEnvironment, Uri> ViagogoOAuthTokenEndpoints =
            new Dictionary<ApiEnvironment, Uri>()
            {
                [ApiEnvironment.Production] = new Uri("https://account.viagogo.com/oauth2/token"),
                [ApiEnvironment.Sandbox] = new Uri("https://sandbox.account.viagogo.com/oauth2/token")
            };

        public static readonly IDictionary<ApiEnvironment, Uri> ViagogoAuthorizationEndpoints =
            new Dictionary<ApiEnvironment, Uri>()
            {
                [ApiEnvironment.Production] = new Uri("https://account.viagogo.com/authorize"),
                [ApiEnvironment.Sandbox] = new Uri("https://sandbox.account.viagogo.com/authorize")
            };
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Build a better bomb in The Manhattan Project
Bombs away! The Manhattan Project, an adaptation of the popular tabletop board game, has landed on the App Store and can be downloaded now. In the game, players are tasked with leading a great nation's atomic weapons program to build bigger and better bombs. You'll need to assign workers and focus on building an infrastructure to become a world superpower. Interestingly, players can't actually nuke each other, but they can hit foes with conventional air strikes. The game supports three modes of play. Gamers can battle against AI opponents in a single-player contest. An online multiplayer mode features both human and AI opponents. And if enough gamers are in the same room, the pass-n-play option mixes real and computer foes. A universal app designed for the iPhone/iPod touch and iPad/iPad mini, The Manhattan Project can be downloaded now on the App Store for $6.99. If you're looking for some similar titles, definitely take a look at our recent AppList of Apps for Family Gaming. For other app news today, see: Twitter is beta testing video advertisements on its iOS app, Madden NFL Mobile soft lands on the App Store, and This popular single-tap messaging app just got updated with new features, Yo! [gallery ids="566337,566336,566335,566334"]
Mentioned apps
The Manhattan Project
Domowicz Creative Group, LLC
Fantasy Flight's new XCOM: The Board Game requires a companion app to play
Gamelyn Games Unleashes Dungeon Heroes: The Board Game For iOS


It may be one of the best-kept secrets at Best Friends. Whatever could you be referring to, you may be wondering.
Wild Friends doesn't just rehabilitate injured and orphaned wild animals — it also adopts some of the animals it cares for. Currently, Wild Friends has, if you can believe it, between 120 and 130 animals up for adoption — mostly pigeons, but also ducks, roosters and peafowl. In the past, Wild Friends has adopted box turtles, domesticated turkeys, monitor lizards, fat-tailed geckos, ferrets and other exotic or domesticated animals who, for one reason or another, wound up at Wild Friends.
Currently, Wild Friends has seven ducks available for adoption. Wild Friends manager Carmen Smith says ducks make for excellent pets.
"Ducks are interactive," she says. "They will carry on a conversation with you. They'll follow you around. They'll feed from your hand."
Carmen once went on a two-day road trip with a group of ducks, transporting them to a family in California adopting them. She says the ducks responded to just about everything she said during the entire trip, inflecting their voices every time in a different way. And they had a comment for just about everything they passed.
"Whenever you work with waterfowl, you get accepted into the flock," she says. "And so you'll be included in the social interactions."
Like any animal, ducks share certain personality traits, but that doesn't mean ducks don't have their own individual personalities. Nor does it mean all ducks get along with each other.
"Those personalities have to be figured in when you're putting groups together," says Carmen.
The seven ducks available for adoption compose three groups — two pairs of two and one group of three. One of the groups is composed of two Pekin ducks Carmen and Best Friends' wildlife rehabilitator Barbara Weider rescued from a precarious and potentially dangerous situation.
An ATV user passing a small reservoir near Best Friends noticed the two ducks standing between the dam and a cliff. The motorist called Wild Friends, and Carmen and Barbara drove to the spot and found the two were stuck along the ledge of a cliff, surrounded by the dam, the dam's spillway and a waterfall dropping from a rather high cliff. The ducks wouldn't allow Carmen and Barbara to come close enough to grab them. Thankfully, they brought the net and were able to scoop the ducks up and return them to Wild Friends safe and sound.
And though they haven't been named yet, they are both up for adoption — as a pair.
In addition to the ducks, Wild Friends has any number of pigeons up for adoption. Barbara has a soft spot in her heart for pigeons — she became a wildlife rehabilitator partly as a result of an injured one she found on the streets of Brooklyn. She says that even city people, used to thinking of pigeons as "flying rats," start to like them once they spend some time with them.
"Pigeons are fun to watch interact with each other," she says. "They have a lovely, peaceful sound. And they all have distinct personalities. They're emotionally self-sufficient if they have other pigeons to hang out with. They're very low maintenance."
All that's required for having a flock of pigeons is food, water and adequate shelter. Carmen says that, for a flock of up to six pigeons, the birds will need an enclosure that's at least 16 by 8 by 8 feet. Some special needs pigeons do just fine, however, in a bird cage, and Wild Friends has plenty of special needs birds available.
Wild Friends also has three roosters available for adoption. Saruman, Gandolph and Sam need, however, to be adopted individually or otherwise kept apart at their new homes. They'll do just fine with two or three hens, and certainly help increase their production of eggs.
And finally Frank, Topaz and Aretha — three peafowl — are all available for adoption as well, but all three would need to stay together.
Adopt an animal from Best Friends Animal Sanctuary.


As far as one dish meals go, they are the staple of so many tables. Great for a busy night, with little prep & clean-up involved – these hearty casseroles are a mom (or dad!) must. Unfortunately, you can get tired of the same ol' casserole & need a little change-up in the mix. Now, stir the idea of a cheeseburger and some fries in, and you have one cravable meal that your family will look forward to.This one can even be made ahead & frozen. Just prepare it as written up until the baking step. Make sure your fries never unthaw. Cover with foil, & freeze for up to 3 months.
When you serve it, a cute idea is to arrange little bowls of different burger toppings on the table. Then, you can have a little 'burger bar' & everyone can do up their cheeseburger the way that they want.
In a large skillet, cook ground beef, onion, & garlic over medium heat until the beef is cooked. Drain off fat. Stir in undrained tomatoes & tomato paste. Bring up to a boil, then reduce heat. Simmer, uncovered, for 5 minutes.
Spoon mixture into the bottom of an ungreased 2 quart rectangular baking dish. In a bowl, stir together the sour cream, soup, & shredded cheddar cheese. Spread over meat mixture in baking dish. Evenly distribute the french fries over the very top. Sprinkle with seasoning salt & pepper.
Bake, uncovered, for 45 minutes or until heated through & fries are golden. Serve with toppers, if desired.


Get excited about the 2016 Subaru Outback. With just over 15,000 miles on the odometer, this 4 door sport utility vehicle prioritizes comfort, safety and convenience. It features a continuously variable transmission, all-wheel drive, and a 2.5 liter 4 cylinder engine. Subaru prioritized practicality, efficiency, and style by including: a tachometer, a trip computer, heated seats, power door mirrors and heated door mirrors, an overhead console, a roof rack, and air conditioning. Audio features include a CD player with MP3 capability, steering wheel mounted audio controls, and 6 speakers, enhancing the audio experience throughout the interior. Passenger security is always assured thanks to various safety features, such as: dual front impact airbags, head curtain airbags, traction control, brake assist, anti-whiplash front head restraints, a security system, an emergency communication system, and 4 wheel disc brakes with ABS. Various mechanical systems are monitored by electronic stability control, keeping you on your intended path. Our sales staff will help you find the vehicle that you've been searching for. We'd be happy to answer any questions that you may have. Call now to schedule a test drive.


text:
Q: UIDatePicker changing NSLocale Issue Hope every body is doing great.
I just came across a strange issue, changing manually NSLocale of UIDatepicker is not working but in only specific mode
datePicker = [[UIDatePicker alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 130, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width-20, 120)];

NSLocale* locale = [NSLocale localeWithLocaleIdentifier:[AppDelegate getLocale]];

[datePicker setLocale:locale];

datePicker.datePickerMode = UIDatePickerModeCountDownTimer;

Now here it only returns hours and Minutes in English irrespective of Locale value, While if you set
datePicker.datePickerMode = UIDatePickerModeDate;

Or even this
datePicker.datePickerMode = UIDatePickerModeTime;

Is working fine
Only when you use
datePicker.datePickerMode = UIDatePickerModeCountDownTimer;

locale is not working in that case,
Is it a bug in UIDatepicker that needs to be fixed, or what is work around?

A: Well i got an Email/Answer from APPle that is not possible for now, may be in future.

Thanks for contacting to Apple's Developer Technical Support.
When running in the count down mode, UIDatePicker showns the hours and minutes to count down. In this context, the "hours" and "minutes" are not a format, thus not covered by locale; rather, they are labels describing the meaning of the numbers, which honor to the application language. Note that locale is quite different from language. See WWDC 2014 Session 201 "Advanced Topics in Internationalization" for the details.

so we have to wait for that till Apple fix that :( .


weren't responding to the therapy and Stanford's liver gave out.
school.  I'll email final plans as they become available.
of his church friends and several school friends were also there.
answered back, "I love you too."
the same whether in private or in a group.  He had a zest for life.
would all be kind to each other.
through them without you.  We will miss Stanford tremendously.
lived life to the full in an honorable and righteous way.


As mentioned in my previous post, CES 2015, this year continues the trend towards the world of health and fitness. Indeed on my own blog, OneDadOneBlog, I am also looking to start the new year as I mean to go on and become a fitter, more healthier self. With this in mind, I have embarked on a quest which not only includes joining a gym, but also attending it and not letting it simply become a 12 month contract which I no longer benefit from… something which I have done a handful of times before.
In order to help motivate and track health enthusiasts and also the normal chubby guy on the street *cough*, companies have developed activity health band trackers which either talk directly to your smart phones or plug into them or your computers and allow users to track how well… or bad.. they have done.
There are multiple companies now joining the activity tracker bandwagon however Fitbit have been in the market for a while now and this year sees them add to their existing catalogue by another two (Fitbit Charge/HR and Surge). They have trackers which clip to your belts through to those which you wear on your wrists. All vary in what they track, again ranging from just steps/calories and distance through to stairs, sleep and heart rate.
I'm currently looking at which piece of tech I'd like to accompany me on my journey and have picked out two possibilities from the Fitbit family.
This is Fitbit's middle of the road activity tracker. It retails in at around £79.99 and tracks steps, distance, calories burned and sleep. The Flex has the ability to bluetooth all its information straight to your smartphone onto Fitbit's own app. Its available in 10 different colours and one size fits all. The Flex is also water proof up to 10 meters meaning not having to remove it during use unlike some of its competitors. The battery lasts around 5 days which is a little last than competitors but still long enough to last if I am working away from home.
The 'New' Charge HR is an updated version of the Flex which has been around for over a year now. It has all the features of the flex plus more. Updates include a small digital display which can now tell you the time, handy if you don't fancy having both a watch and tracker on your wrists. The difference in cost is quite a jump though at 50% more, currently retailing at £119.99. Before you run for the hills, for this you do get extras, the Charge HR will buy generic augmentin online track your heart rate (the HR part of the name ;-)), handy to know when you are in that peak fat burning zone. It also has the ability to pair with your phone and can handily tell you who's calling you thanks to its caller ID function which it displays directly onto your Charge HR, meaning if your phone is stored in your pocket or fitness belt, you can see who's calling and make that decision as to whether they are worth a halt in workout for.
The band is more wider than the flex and as such will appear more noticeable on your wrist however this does allow the added functions above and therefore if I purchased this, I would possibly refrain from a watch purely so I didn't have too many distractions on my arm. Unfortunately the battery life remains static at around 5 days but again, this doesn't concern me too much as the added features wouldn't mean I have to charge it any more than the Flex. Only currently available in four colour, its lucky I'm not too bothered about the omitted ones in comparison to the Flex (I never did look good in pink).
Although Fitbit also have a Fitbit Charge, I have chosen to focus on the Charge HR as I'm a kind of an all or nothing person so middle of the road is a no-no but it would be wrong of me not to mention its smaller sibling which can do pretty much all of what the Charge HR can with the exception of the Heart Rate monitor. The different in price is £20.
The question is this, do I go all out DaddyTechno style and get the ChargeHR meaning not only am I having the latest piece of activity tracker tech, but I am also future proofing myself should my fitness bug really take off, or should I play it steady and go for the Flex, which does exactly what it says on the tin, and still allows me to track the main part of my fitness goal, calories, steps and distance….?
Do you use a health band? A fitness tracker? Is it different to the Fitbit collection? I'd love to hear your comments below and hopefully I can make a choice soon…..


text:
Emma Raducanu hopeful of being fit for Australian Open after ankle injury
SportsJanuary 9, 2023
Emma Raducanu remains hopeful she will be ready to compete at the Australian Open, which begins next Monday, as she attempts to recover from the ankle injury suffered last week.
[ Emma Raducanu suffers ankle injury ahead of Australian Open ]
In a video interview with Tennis Australia, Raducanu spoke about her prospects for the first time since arriving in Melbourne. "We'll see hopefully by Monday I'll be OK and ready," she said. "But we're just taking it a day at a time and not trying to expect too much at this point."
Raducanu completed a tentative practice at Melbourne Park on Monday afternoon with her trial coach, Sebastian Sachs, and her physio, Will Herbert, present. Raducanu maintains the rolled ankle she sustained in her second-round match against Viktoria Kuzmova in Auckland, her second match of the year, was a slice of bad luck she could not avoid.
"It was really unfortunate last week because I was feeling great about my season. I was feeling really good with the preparation I did physically," she said. "And I just had an accident on the court."
Meanwhile, Jack Draper reached the second round in Adelaide with a comprehensive 6-4, 6-2 win over Italy's Lorenzo Sonego, while the fifth seed Dan Evans fell 7-5, 7-5 to MacKenzie McDonald in the first round.
In the Australian Open qualifiers, Heather Watson was defeated 7-6 (4), 6-3 by Aliona Bolsova Zadoinov. – Guardian
Hockey World Cup: India Demolish Japan 8-0 In Classification Match


consultant to analyse why the cow has dropped dead.
balance sheet provided with the release. The public buys your bull.
THE ANDERSEN MODEL: You have two cows. You shred them.
roads, because you want three cows.
live for 100 years, eat once a month, and milk themselves.
they are You decide to have lunch.
have five cows. You count them again and learn you have 42 cows.
and open another bottle of vodka.
productivity, and arrest the newsman who reported the real situation.


text:
Sunday Marks One Year Anniversary of Dawabsha Attack
July 31, 2016 11:48 PM IMEMC News & Agencies Israeli attacks, Nablus, News Report 0
Sunday marks the first anniversary of the arson attack on the house of the Dawabsha family, which was carried out by Israeli settlers in Douma village, to the south of Nablus.
The father Saad, 32, mother Reham, 27, and 18-month-old Ali were killed while Ahmed, aged 5, the only survivor among the family, was injured, Al Ray reports.
The father Saad, mother Reham and 18-month-old Ali
Last year at dawn, on July 31, extremist Israeli settlers infiltrated the village, under cover of darkness, to set fire to the Dawabshas' home, leading to the death of infant Ali on the scene.
Both parents and the other son Ahmed were critically injured. After seven days, medics announced the death of the father, whereas the mother died two months later.
09/08/15 Thousands Attend Funeral of Reham Dawabsha
Local resident Mesalem Dawabsha, aged 23, said he saw four settlers fleeing the scene, with several local residents following in pursuit. According to Dawabsha, the settlers fled toward the settlement of Ma'aleh Ephraim.
Dawabsha added that other witnesses saw the settlers smash the windows of the house before throwing firebombs inside.
Two suspects were indicted for murder, over the incident, in January.
See also: 07/22/16 Ahmad Dawabsha Returns Home to Douma
« Soldiers Attack, Injure, A Young Man Near Hebron Israeli Soldiers Kill A Palestinian Man Near Nablus »
IMEMC News & Agencies


admittedly, the vcard was created by only filling the phonetic suffix name, but that's likely to be a user error, and causes the server to reject it on grounds of violating the requirements of RFC 2426 (3.1.2 "N Type Definition": The property MUST be present in the vCard object.).
please consider adding an empty N line in such cases ("N:;;;;" if i'm counting correctly) or storing contacts as vcard 4.0 (RFC 6350), where the N is optional.
The N property will now always be generated if there's only a prefix or suffix present, too.
For contacts without any name, it doesn't make much sense to generate N, because many servers will deny contacts with empty FN and N.
In this case the only workaround is to specify a name.


Trading update and earnings guidance 20 August 2012 Revenue The company advises that group sales for the year ended 1 August 2012 were $215.6 million (last year $205.5 million) an increase of 4.9% over the prior year. CEO Graeme Popplewell commented "Notwithstanding an exceptionally challenging retail environment all brands have shown positive same store growth and grown market share. Gross margin on sales improved and market anomalies as a result of the Christchurch earthquakes are now behind us." Earnings Guidance Net profit after tax is projected to be in the range $20.4 million to $20.8 million (last year $18.283 million) an increase of approximately 13%. Included in pre tax earnings are insurance proceeds relating to the Christchurch earthquake of $1.9 million (last year $2.97 million.) Underlying earnings from trading are forecast approximately 20% up on the prior year. A full earnings release will be issued to the NZX on 26 September 2012.
The Company advises that DI Humphries, Managing Director for Glassons has advised her resignation effective 31 October 2012. CEO Graeme Popplewell commented "Di has resigned to join another retailer in a non competing sector of the market. Her resignation is unexpected and we have immediately commenced both an internal and global search for a replacement. Over the past two years we have concentrated on strengthening the Glassons management team and we are confident the calibre of that team will ensure the business will continue to move forward. In the interim key executives will report directly to me.\"
TRADING UPDATE, PROFIT GUIDANCE AND DIVIDEND DECLARATION The Company advises that sales for the key trading months of December and January to date have been + 10.7% on the prior year. Sales for the first half of the financial year from 2 August 2009 to 24 January 2010 are +6.7% on the prior year. Chairman of Directors Warren Bell commented "sales results in both New Zealand and Australia have been similar. We have experienced consistent demand from our customers to our offer during this key trading period, and we have been able to protect and grow our margin. Strong trading over this period has ensured our stocks are at very good levels, and we are well positioned to tackle the new winter season." Net profit after tax for the full six months ended 1 February 2010 is projected to be in the range $8.1 million to $8.4 million, a 50% increase on the prior year. A full six month release will be provided to the NZX on March 25th 2010. Dividend The directors have declared an interim dividend of 14 cents per share, (prior year 10 cents) payable on 26th March 2010. Entitlement date is 19th March 2010. The interim dividend has been declared early to allow the company to fully utilise imputation credits at 33 cents prior to 31 March 2010. 7 cents of the dividend will have imputation credits at 33 cents, and the balance at 30 cents. In addition a supplementary dividend of 2.4706 cents per share will be paid to shareholders who are non resident for New Zealand tax purposes.
HALLENSTEIN GLASSON ANNOUNCES APPOINTMENT OF GROUP CEO Chairman of Directors, Warren Bell, has today announced the appointment of Stephen Timms as Group CEO. Stephen Timms has significant experience in the retail industry, having held senior positions in Australia and America, his most recent position as Group Chief Operating Office for Ascendia Retail (Rebel Sport and Amart Allsports) in Australia. Prior to that position Stephen held a number of senior positions with DFS in a career spanning 13 years. Those positions included Managing Director DFS Mid-Pacific, and more recently Managing Director, Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia. Mr Bell said "Mr Timms appointment is the result of an extensive executive search. We are very pleased to have secured the services of such an experienced retailer. Stephen has a great depth of knowledge of the retail industry and comes to us with a very successful track record." Acting CEO Roy Dillon vacates the position on 31 March 2010, and Mr Timms will spend time with Mr Dillon prior to that date to effect a smooth transition.
Sales for the full six months ended 1 February 2009 were down -2.84% on the same period last year. Sales for the key month of December 2008 showed a decline of -4.6% on last year. While the key trading days leading up to Christmas and Boxing Day sales were strong, they were not sufficient to make up for the weak sales experienced in early December. January sales have shown a slight improvement at +1.90% on the prior year. An intensively competitive retail environment has resulted in margin erosion of approximately 3% points on last year while we protect market share and manage stock levels. In addition, reduced interest rates have resulted in lower interest income on cash reserves, and the cumulative impact on increased costs have impacted on profit. As a result, the forecast net profit after tax for the six months ended 1 February 2009 is expected to be in the range of $5.4 to $5.6 million, down approximately 40% on the prior period. A full profit announcement for the six months ended 1 February 2009 will be announced to the NZX on 27th March 2009.
The Annual meeting of Shareholders will be held on 18th December 2008 at Chateau on The Park, cnr Deans Ave and Kilmarnock Street, Christchurch.
Glassons increases focus on NZ business to meet challenging retail environment Challenging times in retailing have prompted Hallenstein Glasson Holdings Limited to delay moving Glassons' buying function to Melbourne. Acting Chief Executive Roy Dillon says an earlier decision to shift the buying team across the Tasman has been reassessed in the light of the very difficult business and retail environment. Mr Dillon says, "Our commitment to having a buying presence in Melbourne has not changed; however, we have had to reconsider whether the planned timing and extent of the Melbourne move were right for the business given the significant change in the retail environment in the interim. The result is that we have decided to focus on the establishment of an Auckland based buying office as a first priority." Until now the Glassons' buying team has been located in Christchurch. Today's announcement means that from early 2009 Glassons' buying, marketing and visual merchandising roles will become Auckland based. The Auckland buying office will continue to buy for both New Zealand and Australia but will be overseen by Tali Kalb, General Manager – Merchandise, based in the Melbourne office. She will be responsible for product direction and buying for both countries, as well as providing a very important "interface" with the Australian management team. Mr Dillon says "We believe the Auckland move will provide Glassons with greater exposure to the fashion direction and growth potential of New Zealand's largest and most diverse market, as well as placing it at the centre of a larger pool of creative talent. The group remains very committed to growth in Australia but wishes to ensure this is underpinned by a sound New Zealand business." Glassons will continue to maintain a significant presence in Christchurch. Finance, administration, property and group operations will remain in the south, as will the Glassons Distribution Centre. The distribution centre is a vital hub for the Glassons business. It has recently been expanded to manage the direct distribution to both New Zealand and Australian stores on a next day delivery basis.
The Company advises that sales for the first quarter (2 August 2008 to 31 October 2008) show a decline of 6.7% on the same period last year. Trading conditions in New Zealand have been more difficult than Australia, with New Zealand -8%, and Australia +1% on last year. Projected earnings for the first half to 1 February 2009 are difficult to predict due to the uncertain nature of the market and the significant impact that December has on earnings. However, directors advise that given current trends, profit will be considerably below the prior year profit. A further update will be given at the Company's Shareholder meeting on 18th December 2008.
Hallenstein Glasson Holdings Limited today announced an audited net profit after tax of $15.868 million for the year to 1 August 2008. This exceeded the market guidance of $15 million issued in July, but was down 25.5% on the previous year (2007: $21.307 million). Group sales were $193.748 million, down 3.2% on the previous year (2007: $200.187 million). Chairman Warren Bell says the retail environment became increasingly challenging as the 2008 calendar year progressed. "The cumulative impact of increased fuel, food, mortgage and rent costs on our customers, coupled with a global melt down of financial markets, has seen consumer confidence fall to a low not experienced for many years." The company's strategy for these times is to strive to maintain market share, reduce costs at every level in the business, and to maintain the strength of its balance sheet. "Our current stock levels are acceptable, a demonstration of the tight focus the company has always maintained in this regard. Particular focus is now being placed on delivering economies out of our supply chain, and we have highlighted areas for potential improvements to be realised over coming months." Mr Bell highlighted the intense cost pressures affecting retail businesses, particularly from rental increases, but indicated Hallenstein Glassons was well placed to take advantage of these. "The impact of the annual rent increases that are being demanded by the major retail landlords cannot be underestimated. In some situations rents are ratcheting to unsustainable levels. We anticipate there will be fallout in some shopping centres where tenants will find it impossible to continue. This may well open up new previously difficult to secure sites, and we have the financial strength to take advantage of these opportunities." In Australia, the company's medium term strategy to develop the Glassons business remains intact, although the commencement of any aggressive store rollout programme has been put on hold until market conditions improve. In the meantime, Glassons is continuing with its plans to establish a Melbourne based buying team, and build an infrastructure with knowledge and experience of that marketplace. The fledgling Storm women's fashion chain is continuing to fulfil its potential with a further site in Milford, Auckland, opening next month. Further site expansion opportunities may present themselves as commercial rent rises begin to impact. Trading for the first two months of the current financial year has been mixed, with sales in Australia showing an increase of 5% while New Zealand sales have declined by 11%. Overall group sales for the first two months of the new financial year are down 9% on last year. Mr Bell says, "The Australian economy appears more resilient than New Zealand, although the prospect of tax cuts, further interest rate cuts, and potential election promises may see the New Zealand retail environment improve in the latter part of this year. It is too early to predict profitability for the current half, although the board considers it unlikely the $9.237 tax paid profit achieved last year will be met." The Directors have declared a final dividend of 10 cents per share, making a total dividend of 27 cents per share for the year (35 cents per share last year.) The reduced dividend payment is consistent with the previously stated policy of reviewing dividend on the basis of current performance and anticipated future cash flows. The dividend will be paid on 12th December 2008.
Hallenstein Glasson Holdings Limited reports that sales for the winter season have continued to be under pressure from a deteriorating retail market in both New Zealand and Australia, with group sales -6% season to date. Profit after tax for the full year to 1 August 2008 is now expected to be approximately $15.0 million. This compares with $21.3 million last year. CEO Shayne Quanchi says the change in the retailing climate is the result of consumer reaction to increased fuel and food costs and higher mortgage interest rates. "The current environment is the most challenging experienced for a number of years. There is fierce competition for consumers' wallets. As a result, margins are being squeezed and every effort is being made to control stock levels. Fortunately our business model is based on high stock-turn, so we expect to end the season with our stock levels in good shape." Hallenstein Glasson Holdings' full year result is scheduled for release on 24 September 2008.
Hallenstein Glasson Holdings' half year result in line with market guidance The Chairman of Directors of Hallenstein Glasson Holdings Limited, Warren Bell, today announced a half year unaudited net profit of $9.237m after tax, consistent with the January market update which predicted a profit figure of around $9m. The result is down 6.6% on the same period last year and reflects an overall decline in sales of 2%. Group sales were $98.5 million (2007: $100.721 million.) The company's balance sheet remains strong with cash and bank balances at 1 February 2008 sitting at $26.450m compared with $24.877 last year. Mr Bell commented that these are uncertain times for retail, both New Zealand and Australia. "Retail conditions will continue to be challenging for the immediate future as high interest rates, increased fuel costs and cost of living increases restrict consumer spending." Hallenstein Glasson Holdings recently announced the appointment of new CEO, Shayne Quanchi, who has now taken up the role and Mr Bell says her Australian retail experience – particularly in fashion apparel – demonstrates the company's commitment to pursuing major growth opportunities in the Australian market. Ms Quanchi says, "Australia is a major growth opportunity for us and my experience in the Australian marketplace is a distinct advantage. We already have plans to increase the visibility of the Glassons brand in Australia, including having a number of new stores under active consideration." "In New Zealand we have a major store refurbishment programme underway. Seven stores were refurbished during the period under review, as well as the opening of a new Glassons store at Albany. A further nine stores are being refurbished in the current half." Hallenstein Glasson Holdings is also embracing online shopping with Hallensteins' web shop (www.hallensteins.co.nz) launched in time for Christmas 2007 and a similar Glassons online shop to be launched later this year. Ms Quanchi says it's apparent to her that a key to the success of Hallenstein Glasson Holdings is the business's ability to offer customers the right product and manage stock levels. Closing stock was $12.781m compared with $14.522m last year. "Our demonstrated ability to manage stock levels stands us in good stead to capitalise on market opportunties." Hallenstein Glasson Holdings has declared an interim dividend of 17 cents per share (fully imputed) which is unchanged from the last interim. The Directors advise that the dividend rate for the full year will be reviewed subject to trading results and capital expenditure requirements.
Trading update and profit guidanc The Directors advise that group sales and gross margin for the key trading period of December have been equal with last year. While sales pre-Christmas were patchy, post Christmas sales had been strong, making up for lost ground earlier in the month. Group sales for the period 2 August to 20 January 2008 are -2% on the prior year, reflecting the uncertain trading conditions in both New Zealand and Australia Stock levels have been well managed and are currently below last year. Net profit after tax for the full 6 months to 1 February 2008 is projected approximately $9 million, prior year ($9.9 million). A full announcement on sales and profit for the 6 months ended 1 February 2008 will be made mid March 2008.
Sales for the 17 weeks ended 25 November 2007 were -1.6% on the same period last year reflecting a highly competitive marketplace in both New Zealand and Australia. In particular, the New Zealand trading environment has been uncertain, with October being a particularly challenging month. Anecdotal evidence suggests a widespread tightening of demand in New Zealand, which is a clear response to the reserve bank's efforts control CPI inflation by increasing interest rates. Given the impact December has on the overall result for the period, the directors advise it is extremely difficult to provide guidance on the profit for the half year ended 1 February 2008. However Directors caution that it is unlikely profit will meet the $9.969 million tax paid profit reported last year for the same period. A further update on performance will be advised mid January 2008.
Copyright ©2019 All rights reserved. Hallenstein Glassons Holdings Limited.


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Captain Marvel - 4K Ultra HD
Set in the 1990s, Marvel Studios' "Captain Marvel" is an all-new adventure from a previously unseen period in the history of the Marvel Cinematic Universe that follows the journey of Carol Danvers as she becomes one of the universe's most powerful heroes. While a galactic war between two alien races reaches Earth, Danvers finds herself and a small cadre of allies at the center of the maelstrom.
Bonus Features:
Becoming a Super Hero
Big Hero Moment
The Origin of Nick Fury
The Skrulls and the Kree
Hiss-sterical Cat-titude
"Who Do You Admire Above All Others"
Starforce Recruits
Heading to Torfa
"What, No Smile?"
Rookie Mistake
Play Movie With Intro By Directors Anna Boden & Ryan Fleck
Brie Larson, Samuel L. Jackson, Ben Mendelsohn, Jude Law, Annette Bening, Lashana Lynch, Clark Gregg
Dubbing Languages:
7.1.4 Dolby Atmos: English
7.1 Dolby Digital: German, Italian, Japanese, Latin Spanish, French
5.1 Dolby Digital: French Canadian
2.0 Dolby Digital: Audio Described English
English, Cantonese, Dutch, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Latin Spanish, Swedish, Traditional Chinese for English, French, French-Canadian
123 mins approx
Ant-Man and the Wasp - 4K Ultra HD
Captain America Civil War - 4K Ultra HD
Black Panther - 4K Ultra HD


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Love Irresistibly
Authors: James, Julie
Synopsis: From the New York Times bestselling Julie James--a smart, sexy novel that brings together a former football star turned prosecutor and a beautiful restaurant executive who's been burned one too many times by romance. For fans of Susan Mallery and Rachel Gibson.
HE'S USED TO GETTING WHAT HE WANTS...
A former football star and one of Chicago's top prosecutors, Assistant U.S. Attorney Cade Morgan will do anything to nail a corrupt state senator, which means he needs Brooke Parker's help. As general counsel for a restaurant company, she can get a bug to the senator's table at one of her five-star restaurants so the FBI can eavesdrop on him. All Cade has to do is convince Brooke to cooperate—and he's not afraid to use a little charm, or the power of his office, to do just that.
AND WHAT HE WANTS IS HER
A savvy businesswoman, Brooke knows she needs to play ball with the U.S. Attorney's office—even if it means working with Cade. No doubt there's a sizzling attraction beneath all their sarcastic quips, but Brooke is determined to keep things casual. Cade agrees—until a surprising turn of events throws his life into turmoil, and he realizes that he wants more than just a good time from the one woman with whom he could fall terrifyingly, irresistibly in love. . .


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Title: The Electra News Year: 1946 Clear All Filters
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 31, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 11, 1946
Description: Weekly newspaper from Electra, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Partner: Electra Public Library
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 51, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 29, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 12, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 28, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 34, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 2, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 43, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 4, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 6, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 5, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 38, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 30, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 12, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 28, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 42, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 27, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 24, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 14, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 12, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 44, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 11, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 4, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 7, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 13, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 5, 1946
The Electra News (Electra, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 8, 1946
March 1 1 April 4 4 May 5 5 June 4 4 July 4 4 August 5 5 September 4 4 October 5 5 November 4 4 December 4 4


Get recommended tire pressure for CPI motorcycle tires to drive safe, extend tire life and reduce fuel consumption.
Select CPI motorcycle model to find your CPI motorcycle recommended tire pressure based on CPI motorcycle original equipment tire sizes with tire inflation range from 21 psi to 32 psi for front tires and 25 psi to 35 psi for rear tires.
Recommended tire pressure for CPI Aragon GP 125 tires.
Recommended tire pressure for CPI Aragon GP 50 tires.
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It is important to maintain proper tire pressure for your CPI motorcycle. Low CPI motorcycle tire pressure can cause tire underinflation, and high CPI motorcycle tire pressure can cause tire overinflation. Check CPI motorcycle tire pressure regularly to avoid overinflated and underinflated tires.
Tire inflation value listed on the sidewall of your tire is its maximum tire pressure, and not a recommended CPI motorcycle tire pressure. Use correct tire pressure listed on CPI motorcycle tire pressure chart found in your motorcycle's manual.
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If your CPI motorcycle is equipped with tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS), pay attention to low tire pressure warning light being on. Ensure your CPI motorcycle tire pressure sensors are working properly to stay alert and enjoy a safe ride.


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← Concealed Carry On the Rise Among Women
Premier Gun Show in Lewisville This Weekend →
More Americans Support Gun Rights Over Controls, Pew Poll Finds
The New York Times, the paper of record from the home of the Sullivan Act and former Mayor Bloomberg admits it.
From The New York Times: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/12/us/gun-control-gun-rights-pew-survey.html?
By Timothy Williams
Two years after the mass school shooting in Newtown, Conn., a majority of Americans say it is more important to protect the right of Americans to own guns than for the government to limit access to firearms, a Pew Research Center survey conducted this month found.
The center said in a statement that it was the first time in two decades of its surveys on attitudes about firearms that a majority of Americans have expressed more support for gun ownership rights than for gun control.
Fifty-two percent of respondents said it was more important to protect gun ownership rights, while 46 percent said the priority should be controlled access to firearms.
In a 2000 Pew survey, 29 percent chose gun rights over gun control, and in a 2013 survey conducted a month after the Newtown shooting, 45 percent favored gun rights.
"To some extent, this is the continuation of a trend," said Jocelyn Kiley, associate director for research at the Pew Research Center. "It may be that Newtown stunted that trend to some extent."
On Dec. 14, 2012, Adam Lanza, 20, fatally shot 20 children and six adults at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown before killing himself in one of the deadliest mass shootings in American history.
The Pew poll on firearms, conducted in early December, also found that African-Americans have become increasingly likely to believe that firearm ownership does more to protect people than it does to threaten an individual's safety, even as they continue to support gun control measures.
When asked in 2012, 29 percent of African-Americans said guns offered people protection rather than exposed them to greater danger, but in this year's survey, the number of African-Americans who viewed firearms as offering more personal safety nearly doubled to 54 percent.
Continue reading at: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/12/us/gun-control-gun-rights-pew-survey.html?


Do you have a family member with disability who has had difficulty or been unable to access health services, due to the complexity of their needs including challenging behaviour, ability to verbally communicate or life circumstance?
DDWA are inviting people with disability and their family members/carers to come along to this forum and share any practical strategies they have used to assist them in accessing health services.
We will also be asking for your suggestions of what would make it easier to access health services.
We have invited a number of key health professionals to participate and provide feedback about your suggestions, such any clinical barriers or whether they can be practically implemented.
Please take a look at the list of many common health tests or procedures on this page and consider coming along to share your story about how you may have accessed any of these or other procedures.
If you cannot attend, please feel welcome to send us your story by email or post.


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Wildfires Getting Worse Around the World
Climate Change Likely Intensifying the Problem
Ed Brotak
Wildfires are among nature's most frightening and destructive forces — and they appear to be happening more frequently due to global climate change.
Photo courtesy USWFS Wildfires are horrible to witness. A wall of fire hundreds of feet high can move with astonishing speed.
The 2010 Meridian Fire, pictured here, burned thousands of acres of Huron-Manistee National Forest
and adjoining Michigan Department of Natural Resource lands.
In the United States, where some of the most accurate wildfire statistics are kept, the six worst fire seasons in the past 50 years have occurred since 2000. In Texas, nearly 4 million acres were burned in 2011, double the previous record. This included the Bastrop Fire last September that destroyed 1,600 homes and became the most destructive fire in Texas history. In Arizona more than one million acres were burned in 2011, a new record. The Wallow Fire, which destroyed nearly a half million acres, was the largest fire in Arizona history. The Pagami Creek Fire in northern Minnesota became the third largest fire in state history when it burned 100,000 acres in September 2011, most of this in an unprecedented 16-mile run on a single day.
The problem isn't limited to the United States. On February 7, 2009 — or "Black Saturday," as it is now known — wildfires killed 173 people in the state of Victoria, Australia. It was the deadliest wildfire outbreak in Australia's history. In the summer of 2010, wildfires associated with an unprecedented heat wave and drought in Russia sent a think haze over Moscow. The worst wildfire in the history of Israel occurred in early December 2010 when 42 people were killed near Haifa. And on May 15, 2011, within just a few hours nearly 40 percent of the town of Slave Lake in Alberta, Canada was destroyed by a wildfire. Total losses exceeded $1 billion; it was the second greatest natural disaster to ever affect Canada. High intensity crown fires have even burned in the Himalayan National Park in Nepal for the first time.
Wildfires are horrible to witness. A wall of fire hundreds of feet high can move with astonishing speed. A superheated, smoke-filled column of air over the fire can rise 50,000 feet into the atmosphere. Burning debris can fall from the sky miles ahead of the main fire, often igniting more fires and sometimes trapping the unwary. Massive fires can even generate their own weather. Updrafts and downdrafts from the fire can radically change the direction of spread. Fire whirls, small tornadoes filled with burning debris, can spin out and away from the main fire.
Photo courtesy The US National Guard Blackhawks fly over the flames to dump their water filled Bambi Buckets in Bastrop, Texas
last September. The Bastrop fire, that destroyed 1,600 homes, is the most destructive fire
in Texas history.
Besides the fire itself, the smoke that is produced brings its own set of problems and dangers. Inhalation of smoke can cause severe health problems and even death. In the summer of 2010, a combination of smoke from numerous wildfires and excessive heat caused thousands of deaths in western Russia, according to health statistics. Reductions in visibility due to smoke are a major concern for transportation. Airports may have to close. Highways also may have to be shut down; horrible multi-car accidents have been caused by drivers being blinded by smoke obscuring a roadway.
It is reasonable to assume that global warming is playing a role in the increase of major wildfires. A recent theory has linked increased temperatures in the high latitudes to a weaker jet stream. Besides being slower, the jet stream is also more prone for buckling into large waves called ridges and troughs. Drought will develop in regions that remain under an upper-level ridge for extended periods. Drought sets the stage for wildfires. When the pattern changes and an upper-level trough moves in, it can bring with it strong low pressure areas and fronts. These systems can generate high winds, and with a lack of moisture no precipitation may fall. This is the ideal setup for an uncontrollable wildfire.
There may also be a "feedback" mechanism involved here. Living vegetation converts carbon dioxide in the atmosphere into plant tissue. This reduces the CO2 level in the atmosphere. When this vegetation is burned, carbon dioxide is once again put back into the atmosphere, intensifying the warming effect.
With no end in sight for the current warming trend, it is likely we will see an increase in wildfires and resultant casualties and damage. Directly or indirectly, wildfires are causing an increasing number of civilian casualties to go along with the deaths and injuries sustained by firefighters. When wildfires cross the interface into urban areas, then the destruction to property can be enormous. Losses can be in the billions of dollars.
The threat won't go away. Wildfires have been part of Earth's natural processes for billions of years. With the exception of deserts and areas with permanent snow and ice cover, wherever there is continuous vegetation cover there are fires. Fires due to natural causes such as lightning are part of nature's recycling process. Whatever vegetation is destroyed will grow back in time.
Even when humans started to inhabit more and more of the previous pristine forests and grasslands, massive fires still occurred. People would even start the fires to replenish grassland ecosystems. As societies evolved and cities and farmlands replaced the natural setting, our view of fire changed. It was seen as a destructive force, a natural disaster we could stop. The science of fire fighting evolved and with advances in technology and equipment, fires could now be contained. We grew complacent in the belief that wildfires could be controlled and were not a threat to most of us. It seems we were wrong.
Dr. Ed Brotak, a retired meteorology professor, is a freelance science writer. He is an expert on wildfires and wildfire weather.
In the High Himalayas, Sherpa Women Bear the Disproportionate Effects of Climate Change
Yet existing polices fail to recognize women as agents of change in responding to the climate crisis.
Kushal Pokharel
'Assassinated in Cold Blood': Activist Killed Protesting Georgia's 'Cop City'
Killing of Manuel Esteban Paez Terán is 'unprecedented' in history of environmental activism in US, experts say.
Timothy Pratt The Guardian
Wildlife Group Sues Rodenticide Manufacturer Over Sustainability Claims
"To mislead consumers by telling them their poisons are 'sustainable' is completely unacceptable."
Zoe Loftus-Farren
More Than 90% of Rainforest Carbon Offsets by Biggest Provider Are Worthless, Analysis Shows
Investigation into Verra carbon standard finds most are 'phantom credits' and may worsen global heating.
Patrick Greenfield The Guardian
Holding Back a Flood
As California moves toward reintroducing beavers, landowners have turned to artificial beaver dams to protect their properties.
Cole Hersey
Global Outrage as Oil Executive Named Head of UN Climate Talks
'You wouldn't invite arms dealers to lead peace talks. So why let oil executives lead climate talks?'
Andy Rowell


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Kerbela kormányzóság (arab betűkkel محافظة كربلاء [Muḥāfaẓat Karbalāʾ]) Irak 18 kormányzóságának egyike az ország középső részén. Északon és nyugaton Anbár, keleten Bábil, délen pedig Nedzsef kormányzóság határolja. Székhelye Kerbela városa.

Fordítás

Irak közigazgatása

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Olaeta (en euskera y oficialmente Oleta) es un concejo y anteiglesia del municipio de Aramayona, en la provincia de Álava, España.

Lengua
El euskera que hablan sus habitantes es una mezcla de los subdialectos o variantes oriental y occidental del dialecto vizcaíno del euskera.

Demografía

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Aramayona
Concejos de Álava
Anteiglesias de Álava
Anteiglesias de Aramayona


1. "Thinking back through our mothers" : introduction -- 2. "A subject of the greatest importance" : food and the family -- 3. "The best thing" : communication about and through food -- 4. "Secrets of life" : food-related learning -- 5. "As if nutrition were enough" : food for the circumstances of life -- 6. "The presence of many women" : food as a way of ensuring continuity across generations fo women -- 7. "What life requires" : messages about life through food -- 8. "Strength for the journey" : what we take from our mothers.
Food habits -- United States -- History.
Dinners and dining -- United States -- History.
Miriam Meyers celebrates the positive role that food plays in the mother-daughter relationship. Despite their increasing freedom to pursue other roles in society, women still retain primary responsibility for food-related tasks in the home. With that responsibility comes considerable work, but it also affords women in families a special opportunity for companionship, communication, learning, and inspiration. To illuminate the ways women use this role to connect with their daughters, Meyers combines original research, encompassing focus groups, interviews, and a national survey, with a personal memoir and a wide range of other sources. She shows, in women's own voices, how food offers, more than just nourishment for the body, something for the mind, heart, and soul.
Browse through the list of books that come out each year on women and food. The vast majority treat food as the enemy of women everywhere, either by pitching (or criticizing) the latest diet fad or by focusing on such problems as eating disorders, and parents' implication in them. Taking a different path, Miriam Meyers celebrates the positive role that food plays in women's lives, and in the relationship between mother and daughter.
Despite the changes wrought by modern technology, the provision of food remains necessary to sustain physical, social, religious, and familial life. The idealized homemaker of the 1950s, working ceaselessly to achieve the perfectly clean home and perfectly arranged food, has all but disappeared from the American scene. While the ways we acquire and prepare our food has shifted, women still have primary responsibility for home food management, despite their increasing pursuit of other roles. With that responsibility comes considerable work, but it also affords women in families a special opportunity for companionship, communication, learning, and inspiration.
Beginning with a look at food's place in the greater family, A Bite Off Mama's Plate explores the connections mothers and daughters enjoy in the kitchen and beyond. To illuminate those links, Meyers combines original research, encompassing focus groups, interviews, and a national survey, with personal memoir and a wide range of other sources. She shows, in women's own voices, how food offers, more than just nourishment for the body, something for the mind, heart, and soul.