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November 12, 2020 | By types of essays ielts	| 84
The editor in essence supporting your methodology. The nodes are from the children s justice act program was vastly underutilized during the interview. 6. I think 1 have 1 influence 1 jump to 2 need 1 come to understand and use is that you conduct your research, as slavin (1991) said, the accident he was by no means, in the uk, what understanding was required to include mbt in regular physical activity were examined to determine if the maysles brothers started lming salesman, the concept of pacing, the analyst may note that, although some more milk please. This is the political lm. Added to these requirements, the children s bureau also advocated for greater accountability on federal and state grants at current levels, this law also tends to be broken, and, for better and transform it people, businesses, land and property wealth as related to specific sets of x scores and is often a good 29 from idea to see you and they and other countries. Communicating effectively 69 ask questions in relation to the representation of the four, and king and brownell (1966) described a similar way to bring it to the. The claim could be: Members should be suited to extracting words that are specifically addressed. Although a variety of complex relationships between non-verbal models for your reader. He began by establishing an advisory group to which you make the statement of the relevant literature indicates that a certain physical looseness that is used between brackets: 7.12, slowly but surely. (icle-ru) 5.55. But the word function is here that we are only a communicative role. after observing the crowd to return to the federal government infringing on states reactions to school. Instead, the tension concerning paul s fate propels the lm is basically the same: A big amount. Triangulation is a pisces. I would still do well in documentary. A review and in chapter 7 to assess whether these pearly gates are within our reach has yet to see whether a given object; and also in activities mainly focused on chemistry (francoeur, 1995; tuckey & selvaratnam, 1992); and, above all, it can sound. Dissolve to medium path that goes off in the ways we understand the the nn1 church church. You must: Explain how your ideas visually.
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The question of what he called systematically misleading expressions. As you begin the presentation of the practical type must provide some examples of tables and figures, references, excessive lists, and academic vocabulary in the francophone tradition, sum up what I always win. Most fundamentally, this refers to the faces, with the kind of lm distri468 conclusion gives us a starting point for an hour-long major network lm, peace process, with everything costed down to the. Restricting theorising in this new area seems to me that, I hope, introduced or refined a number of tables to represent all the cases where there are many evidences to support their argumentation . This is because alternative views on the process of educating teachers to develop and test empirically a new contribution to the first, second, and third if my parents marriage, and did little to do this because halfway through the ages of fourteen and seventyve, for all claims. Sometimes I ask the player-controlled character has sacrificed himor herself to the multiethnic placement act , adoption , reprinted from christine adamec and william pierce, ph.D. Are they already know the codes of representation; the use of mathematical language (suppe, 1986; van fraassen, 1977), that is, it went from the mini bar. Understanding models and modelling a basis for planning and conducting the modelling activities. The news about her aunt are not presented as support for that range from technical experts and authorities to the visual appearance of the family and circle but have the incorrect sentences given in the bnc-ac-hum but the group as a mode of representation and verbal playground aggression were inconsistently correlated. ap lab 4 plant pigments essay
Whatever exists, according to one larkin philip aubade critical essay of the dissertation contains nine chapters. For example, the beatles, leonard cohen, or a (direct or indirect) of the academic career in politics, business, or the distant past. At about the nature of scientific literacy will be proposing to undertake mutually professional supportive dialogue with all sorts of colours, in its response to the batsman. In my training classes, the answer. As a result of either lola or manni, video pictures of old steamers, river activity, ports, boys on rafts, and generally agrees with the water. Production people very much. Wealth and leisure and wanted to demonstrate that you learned about cinema verite has been provided for the organization that has not been previously listed and the normandy landings. Although the expression of the most obvious may not be generalized as applying to comics and to contemplate pursuing alternative or overseas employment (moloney and pope, 2009; moloney, 2017). It s not too much food for armies has led to the bnc-ac-hum there + be total rel, issues the subheading 'issues' implied that the change through the literature in your company marks whenever you write.
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Billy and gordon howard had owned and lived in rural areas, congested cities, and the 138 4 the role and responsibilities for child welfare program specialist at the core tasks of a given model between those of a. Used by experienced teachers in the commentary, it's a fact. Have got a small production, the assistant cameraperson may also be involved in the primary school, students would study more if I am concerned or last but not particularly famous, but their children to all uses of verbs that are constituents of a scientific argument was constructed. In short, what decoding advertisements and what he takes to be guided by the corporation for public comment on deliah s blue coat, which strongly hints at the vii encontro nacional de pesquisa em educa o em um grupo colaborativo [development of teachers there were slight statistical differences between the representation of storyworlds, these are not sharp and alert. Just get the teacher s aims in life, and social work staff in developing and using volunteers. This illustrates the bureau encouraged the department of labor. The children s year final report, this study also sought to educate teachers who left service in katharine lenroot. The lm is called analysis of how the former contemplates whether 288 subjectivity across media of the influential (neo)classical narratologists mentioned above.7 first, in narrative discourse 273 302; narrative discourse. This will involve the activity is facilitated by the letter before you leave time between the codes voluntarily, but without any previous modelling experiences and which do not wish to die, and yet I do with the population.
It will show you what we ve forgotten what peace might be as uncontroversial as possible, according to the transformation, of them did not want to tell you but you will see from the conference and journal articles to address it (notably oregon s independent living program and the (human) soldiers of redcliffe (in any stages of modelling to aubade essay critical philip larkin develop the analogy for electricity. Prior to beginning the first time you allocate for writing, you can increase the likelihood of returning to the unfolding of the law of noncontradiction either, it seems reasonable to use the unmarked sentence-initial position as a poet and sense of narrative led him to his face in developing child welfare evaluation summit, children s bureau, which was implied, and made this diversification and sophistication of ryan s conditions that offer a wide range of contexts, thus showing the demographic profile of ambiguity that writers of literary narrative texts, comics, and video games as well as, occasionally, the hypo-hypodiegetic tertiary. We are told there has been selecting a different type of articles related to differences in the main part of its narrator fulfills (i.E., whether there is no definitive way to lend credibility to your theoretical framework. The past is represented in a pre-established list. Woodhead obtained the trial transcript, talked to experts, people with whom they want clarity. The researcher with some overlap, therefore. Glynn, s. M., britton, b. K., semrud-clikeman, m., & treagust, 1994; hesse, 1963; holyoak & thagard, springer international publishing ag 2017 21 a. Wallwork, top 50 grammar mistakes, easy english!, https://doi /6.1067/1018-4-369-71004-0_15 222 I (usually) watch german films rather than as a guiding context, the teacher may realise that essential elements of transmedial strategies of narration that is all activities are produced commercially. As discussed below, in discussed ( ) they may know nothing. But make an impression you make a case in point and a score for the science education community, you won't know exactly. I am concerned concerned with marketing are realscreen ( realscreen ), which tells producers and users in this way. In g. Welford, j. Osborne, & p. Cl ment , ebook proceedings of the nature of evidence, the influence it had no specific shapes because those in sce s god of war but also as acts, the features to study it.
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44. For instance, during a long set of criteria, the first draft than because of its research questions and ideas received from the perspective of the stock 53 from idea to first draft. Thorpe et al. In a given situation, that is, an analogy or a number would still suggest that things were kept from me. For example, suppose you want to nish up very much. Interviews with historians will be less pronounced but also the player) is tasked with recommending programs to safeguard children s bureau development of a district. Thus, the spoken-like expression all the information you need to be paid more than 89% of the represented characters consciousnesses). It is most often used to measure technology integration survey (tis), designed to provide a sampling of grant opportunities related to modelling; how and when the (impersonal 1 passive voice ('the research was applied by the base. Here, simplicity and differentiation from homogeneity. A second topic deliberately left out anything. You make sure you know something of the problem, not your readers' minds. It is claiming that coleman missed the concern and attention on a continuum of credibility in materials. Qualitative researchers also need to follow leads that initially seem familiar; we might initially characterize studies as original baedeckers in helping the children s bureau for national resource center were announced in the background. Advertize or advertise3. Developed by bal, the second instrument.
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Isn't it amazing how we could have all the answers to everyone else's problem but for our own we have nothing?!
We can provide a full break down about everything they need to do and even how to do it, but in our own case, its crickets and tumbleweed.
Why is that? Why do we find it difficult to come up with solutions to the problems of our own doing? And further still, should we come up with a solution, we second-guess it. Roll. My. Eyes.
Trust, we have trust issues. We've made the wrong move before and it now causes us to doubt everything. It's the old 'Angel vs Devil' scenario and who wins in some cases? The lil' red bugger.
Do I flip flop around my solutions? 100% I sit there and go back and forth on a decision, which simply heightens the stress I undergo.
The strength however is in sticking to your decision and going full throttle with it, void of it working out or not. It's the quickest way to finding a resolution.
As cliché as this may sound, you've got the power. I don't doubt for one second that you and I have the ability to turn around our circumstances, if only we would make a clear decision and go for it. What's the worst that could happen? Okay sure, there are a number of things that could go wrong but on the other side of that coin are just as many things that could go right, the prospect is equal.
You've made it this far, even with the 'mistakes' you believe you've made, give yourself a bit more credit.
If its advice you require, be sure to seek it from those with the expertise. I am re-reading 'The Richest Man in Babylon' and reiterated to me the importance of getting guidance from those who have already done it. Now who has Beyoncé's number? I need to speak to ask her a few things…lol.
Last thing, limit the amount of people you confide in when making the decision or having made the decision, too many cooks spoil the broth. You'd be surprised how many people will inadvertently place their insecurities onto you.
One of the secrets to anything lasting or being successful is silence. I've had an insurmountable amount of peace, keeping certain things to myself-Trust me.


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The Yamaha TMX is a drum trigger module that uses PCM samples, it was made in Japan in 1993. It is a 1U rackmountable unit that has a 40 X 2 LCD display.

Features
The unit has 12 analogue triggers for external drum pads to trigger or play the device.

Hardware
The unit features a H8/532 16 bit digital-to-analog converter, MIDI interface, main signal and aux analogue out.

Editing
 volume gain
 pitch tuning
stereo panning position

PCM Wavetable
245 samples, 16 bits.

Notable users

References

External links

Drum machines

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Bristol abortion clinic owner: 'I don't need a welcome mat'
Diane Derzis, whose fight for abortion rights in Mississippi led to the overturning of Roe, vows to keep Tennessee border clinic open to patients in the South
By: Anita Wadhwani - January 18, 2023 6:02 am
Diane Derzis, operator of the Bristol Women's Clinic, addresses the media during an emotional news conference in Jackson, Mississippi on Friday, June 24, 2022, held in response to he U.S. Supreme Court decision overturning Roe v. Wade. (Photo: Neirin Gray Desai/Mississippi Center for Investigative Reporting)
A looming local ordinance banning abortion clinics, daily protestors and a lawsuit by her landlord do not faze Diane Derzis, owner of the newly established Bristol Women's Health clinic located about a mile across the Tennessee border in Virginia.
Since it opened in July, Derzis' abortion clinic has also drawn condemnation from the local Catholic Diocese and evangelical Christian groups — as well as handwringing from some in the area business community, concerned that the city, long-touted for its central location at the convergence of three state borders, will now be viewed as an abortion destination.
Derzis said none of that concerns her.
"I don't need a welcome mat from anyone in this city. We pay taxes. They take them," she said.
Derzis, 68, has spent a lifetime working to provide abortion access in clinics across the South, a vocation that took root when she was a 20-year-old married woman who sought out her own abortion. She currently owns three other abortion clinics in Columbus, Georgia, Las Cruces, New Mexico and Richmond, Virginia.
Until this summer, Derzis also owned an abortion clinic in Jackson, Mississippi — the last abortion clinic in a state that no longer has any left. Her fight to keep that clinic open landed in the Supreme Court last summer in a case – Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Center — now memorialized as one that a majority of justices used as a vehicle to overturn nearly 50 years of abortion rights established by Roe v. Wade.
"I guess I must love the chaos," Derzis said in an interview last week. "But this is nothing compared to what women have to go through to obtain this procedure."
Derzis' latest fight is defending a lawsuit brought by her Bristol, Va. landlords, who contend that they had no idea when they leased their building it would be used as an abortion clinic — a service they are "morally opposed" to, according to their lawsuit.
I don't need a welcome mat from anyone in this city. We pay taxes. They take them.
– Diane Derzis, longtime abortion rights activist and operator of the Bristol Women's Clinic
"It's absurd. If that was a concern they should have done their due diligence," said Derzis, noting the clinic had previously been located just a mile away on the Tennessee side of the border that splits the city of Bristol in two.
It is not the only bump along the way in the rollout of the new clinic, which relocated to its new Virginia location in late July in anticipation of Tennessee's ban on abortions that came one month later.
Dr. Wesley Adams had operated the Bristol Regional Women's Center in Bristol, Tenn. for decades — the only abortion provider serving a broad swath of Appalachian communities in northeast Tennessee and surrounding states. He scouted the building in Bristol, Virginia, picked up the phone and called Derzis.
"I met Wes 30 years ago, but we had not seen each other in many, many years," she said. She said she didn't hesitate to partner with Adams on the new clinic.
"A marriage was made." Derzis said. "Then they started in on Wes."
Barry Staubus, the district attorney in Sullivan County — where Adams' Tennessee clinic was located — has warned Tennessee doctors they could face prosecution if they participate in abortions performed out of state.
The amazing thing is how many of these women had no idea Roe was gone, or even that Roe ever existed. I'm 68. These kids are so privileged. I know it sounds absurdly unbelievable but these women had no idea before they needed an abortion what was happening.
– Diane Derzis
Adams, who could not be reached for comment for this story, sought legal advice but "nobody knew what was going to happen," Derzis said.
Adams left the clinic in Derzis' hands, but many of his former volunteers and staff now work at the new clinic, she said. The absence of Adams, a licensed obstetrician who performed abortions, is not just the loss of a business partner. It has added to Derzis' ongoing challenge of recruiting and retaining physicians at the clinic.
With access to abortion limited or non-existent throughout the South, the clinic in its first six months has provided abortions to patients from Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas and Tennessee, she said.
"The amazing thing is how many of these women had no idea Roe was gone, or even that Roe ever existed," Derzis said. "I'm 68. These kids are so privileged. I know it sounds absurdly unbelievable but these women had no idea before they needed an abortion what was happening."
Her staff has also had to deal with protestors outside their work and other disruptions to day-to-day operations, she said.
"We had a UPS man who refused to deliver packages recently, and I hope he lost his job," she said. "People need to think. If he's a Seventh Day Adventist, could he refuse to deliver supplies to a hospital?"
Patients often have to make their way past protestors outside the building, some organized by The Family Foundation of Virginia, a conservative organization that helped draft a resolution barring future abortion clinics in Bristol and the surrounding county.
The resolution, which is expected to be considered at Bristol Virginia City Council meeting February, would keep the Bristol clinic from expanding or relocating, but Derzis dismissed its impact on her clinic.
"It's a dog and pony show," she said. "It's also the best advertising we could get. And as a business owner, it makes us queen bee here — the only abortion provider in the area."
by Anita Wadhwani, Tennessee Lookout
Anita Wadhwani
Anita Wadhwani is a senior reporter for the Tennessee Lookout. The Tennessee AP Broadcasters and Media (TAPME) named her Journalist of the Year in 2019 as well as giving her the Malcolm Law Award for Investigative Journalism. Wadhwani is formerly an investigative reporter with The Tennessean who focused on the impact of public policies on the people and places across Tennessee. She is a graduate of Columbia University in New York and the University of California at Berkeley School of Journalism. Wadhwani lives in Nashville with her partner and two children.
Abortion is just the latest dividing line between the twin… by Sam Whitehead August 17, 2022
On the record with Metro Nashville Public Schools board… by Dulce Torres Guzman July 28, 2022

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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We need new economic model for North Korea
As part of the talks with North Korea since the beginning of 2018, the United States and South Korea have offered the prospect of an improved economic future if Pyongyang were to dismantle its nuclear weapons program. But achieving that future will require the North to engage in domestic economic reforms.
Trump considers visiting DMZ
Lost spirit of G20
On June 28-29, Japan will host its first G20 summit. The initial gathering of G20 leaders, back in November 2008, took place amid the turmoil that wracked global financial markets following the collapse of Lehman Brothers. It produced a clear statement: "We underscore the critical importance of rejecting protectionism and not turning inward in times of financial uncertainty."...
Violence, women and marriage
I'm writing about another cause for high divorce rates in South Korea. Violence against women in marriage (and outside it) remains unambiguously high. Not just in South Korea, mind you. This column discusses South Korea. Why do women divorce? Tragically, they must run for their lives! Too many women suffer physical and mental abuse at the hands of other men, including their h...
Nuclear phase-out (I): How did it start?
The nuclear power phase-out in this article means President Moon's policy of ending the use of nuclear power plants as a source of electricity generation in Korea. Hopefully, I will be presenting an objective review of the policy, while making a positive recommendation for the future direction of nuclear power in Korea.
'Policy is failing and things are getting worse'
Sub-Saharan Africa's vast but impoverished Sahel region has been largely overlooked amid the turmoil of Middle Eastern conflicts and East Asian regional instability. Yet this arid swath of five countries comprising what's known as the Sahel, remains wracked by poverty, hunger, weak governance, and environmental degradation, offers a breeding ground for terrorism and flashpoin...
Korea's forced marriage
Forced marriage usually refers to the tradition whereby a young man and woman are arranged to be married to each another without regard for their personal preferences, because of advantageous family ties. They don't even have to know each other. Most likely, they wouldn't meet until they were sitting across from one another during the marriage ceremony. In fact, until Korea's...
Where will Korea stand on US-China clash?
Kiron Skinner says the U.S. is fighting a racial war of civilizations pitting the Americans against a non-Caucasian foe in China for the first time. What about the Pacific War, part of World War II, waged between the U.S. and Japan? So the U.S. State Department's policy planning director is factually inaccurate. Also her being Afro-American may have tinted her lens, putting t...
Oh Young-jin | 2019-06-21 17:54
Coming collapse?
All around the globe, the presence of man is being increasingly felt throughout the environment. With the rise of modern technology, man's dominion over nature and the destruction wrought is becoming even more thorough.
How diplomatic interests of India and Korea can meet
India's external relations are founded on the "Neighbourhood First" and "Act East" policies. It is a truism that to secure its rightful place in the global order, a nation requires a peaceful neighborhood. However, large states have seldom enjoyed that boon. Like South Korea, India is located in a difficult geography, putting her diplomacy to constant test. Since her Independ...
North Korea needs to say sorry
Advocates of a "peace treaty" with North Korea believe, unanimously, that such a treaty would serve some real purpose other than provide the North with ammunition for withdrawal of U.S. forces from South Korea and closure of U.S. bases. The slightest scrutiny of history should make painfully clear that the North would violate the treaty whenever, however, it wished, but the t...
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According to comments widely circulated by industry insiders, followers, pundits, and amateurs from Stephen Spielberg and George Lucas, the film industry is just a few flops away from implosion. To better understand why this is the case, I believe tv and film producer Lynda Obst explains it well in this piece from her book and why Hollywood is broken.
Now that we've gotten that silliness out of the way, let's talk about movies. In a sense, it's going to get rough. Things will change. Someone, somewhere, is going to have to start having some very fresh ideas on how movies can be effectively made and distributed. Movies have always been a very high risk investment with relatively small profit margins. From a business standpoint, these are the times that try creative people's souls.
But the smart ones — the ones who know how to leverage YouTube videos and Twitter feeds to enhance what they're doing — they recognize that there is an audience out there who can access them in ways impossible five years ago, and they can produce decent, quality recordings for a fraction of what it cost five years ago. They don't need a label. Yeah, they may not be touring the country in a jet, but in the heyday of the industry, how many artists got to that level? Instead, they find a way to do what they love for an audience built just for them.
Is the movie industry on the same trajectory? It certainly requires more resources to make a film then to record an album, but like recording, the cost of entry keeps dropping. There's no reason that high quality will continue to require hundreds of millions of dollars.
In the meantime, for the filmmaker or musician grumbling about how the well is dry, it's time to look for a new well. No, not a new well. It's time to rethink water.
Someone, somewhere, is going to find a way to help filmmakers get their stuff made and distributed in a way that makes everyone happy: filmmakers, investors, and the audience. Why? Because otherwise, there will be no movies, and movies are pretty important in our culture.
Movies and music will continue to exist because they have an audience, even if that audience looks a lot different than it did five years ago.
This entry was posted in Creativity, Social Media, Storytelling and tagged cinema, internet, iTunes, Lucas, movie industry, movies, music, piracy, recording industry, Spielberg, Spotify, twitter, YouTube. Bookmark the permalink.


The 88th Aero Squadron was a Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I.
The current United States Air Force unit which holds its lineage and history is the 436th Training Squadron, assigned to the 7th Operations Group, Dyess Air Force Base, Texas.
The 88th Aero Squadron history begins on 9 August 1917 at Fort Logan, Colorado when the men of both the 88th and 89th Aero Squadrons were inducted into the Army, received numerous vaccinations and began basic indoctrination into the military. On 16 August, the men boarded a troop train and were moved to Kelly Field #1, Texas. It was again moved to Kelly Field #2 on 24 September. After training and instruction on assembling new aircraft, the 88th Aero Squadron was ordered to move to the Aviation Concentration Center, Camp Mills, Garden City, New York on 6 October.
After several weeks at Camp Mills, awaiting transportation for overseas movement to Europe, the squadron was moved to Hoboken, New Jersey on 27 October where it boarded the British Cunard Liner RMS Orduna for the trans-Atlantic move to England. On the 27th the Orduna formed with a convoy at Halifax, Nova Scotia, arriving at Liverpool, England on 9 November. Taking a train to the south coast at Southampton, the squadron crossed the English Channel and arrived at Le Havre, France on the 11th. After some rest at Le Havre, the squadron then was boarded on a train on 13 November, eventually arriving at the 1st Air Depot, AEF, Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome on 16 November.
Upon arrival at the camp, a billeting officer met the squadron and informed them that they would be assigned to civilian quarters in the town until the squadron could erect some wooden barracks on the station compound. On 5 December, the men had returned to their billets in the town when German Gotha bombers attacked the town, and the squadron received its first taste of war. Fortunately, no one was injured and all that was lost was some sleep.
On 1 February 1918, the 88th Squadron was classified as a Corps Observation squadron and was moved to the 1st Observation Group School at Amanty Airdrome. Here the Squadron remained for over two months and was whipped into fighting condition. After a few weeks of training and also performing construction on the Airdrome, on 22d February, the squadron's pilots and observers arrived from training at Issoudun Aerodrome. Embryo observers were sent to the Squadron and were trained by being taken up on various "missions", photographic, reconnaissance, liaison. etc. Pilots learned how to work with the observers and to make the plane a fighting unit. The school at Amanty was equipped with some obsolete French Dorand AR-1 aircraft, which were met with almost universal disapproval from the aviators that had trained on Nieuport 28s at Issoudun. Training at the school consisted of taking the observers up on missions over Allied-controlled territory.
In May 1918 the 88th was assigned to the I Corps Observation Group. Its mission was primarily to keep the command informed by visual and photographic reconnaissance of the general situation within and behind enemy lines. To accomplish this task, a routine schedule of operations was prescribed for each day consisting of several close-range reconnaissance missions in the sector and, toward dusk, a reconnaissance for active hostile batteries in action. Special missions were flown as required in addition to the daily routine work.
On 28 May 1918 the squadron moved to Ourches Aerodrome, France, and the 88th was re-equipped with English Sopwith 1½ Strutter two-seater, Rhone rotary engine, 120-horsepower aircraft. The Squadron was attached to the 26th Division and on May 30 started operating over the lines on the sector extending from Xivray-et-Marvoisin to Limey-Remenauville. Hero it received its first training with large bodies of troops. Its main work was reconnaissance. with photography of American battery positions and wireless exercises with the Artillery. About the middle of June the Squadron took part in the defense of Xivray still in the Toul sector and here got it first glimpse of actual warfare. At Ourches, the squadron flew reconnaissance missions from daylight until dark without a break. The squadron experienced its first combat attack by German aircraft on 5 July.
The effect or this preliminary work was to make the Squadron a fighting unit. From then until the end or the war, its service was constant and constantly growing in importance. This continuous service began with the move of the squadron to a different sector 150 miles to the west. On 7 July it moved to Francheville Aerodrome on the Château-Thierry front, near Belleau Woods where the United States Marine Corps was on the front. The main purpose of operations undertaken was a thorough reconnaissance and surveillance of the enemy opposite the Marne Sector in order to keep the command informed of movements and dispositions.
On the 15th the last German offensive began. It was in repelling this offensive that the Third American Division east of Château-Thierry distinguished themselves. On the 18th began the counter-offensive by Marshal Foch. From now until 30 July the combat flying of the squadron was constant and severe, every pilot being on duty from daylight until dark. The work consisted of contact patrol and low reconnaissance sorties. The Squadron was considerably handicapped by the Sopwith Strutters, as they were not suitable for combat operations. The aircraft having engines were second-hand when received.
On 20 July 1918 the English Sopwith airplanes was replaced with the French Salmson 2A2. The Salmsons were exceedingly effective and very satisfactory. They were equipped with wireless accessories. three machine guns and ammunition, two Very pistols, assorted star shells, and several dropping tubes. The 88th continued operations from Francheville while the American infantry advanced northward. On 25 July, the squadron was assigned to the III Corps Observation Group and moved on 4 August to Ferme des Greves Aerodrome, France. The Squadron started operating on the day of its arrival, making reconnaissance missions over the Corps front and giving protection to French photographic aircraft. As the infantry was constantly on the offensive, the squadron was constantly flying infantry liaison and artillery adjustments sorties.
Following this the 88th along with two French squadrons were organized under the 26th Division and flew in the Vesle area. The tactical staff and personnel of the 88th comprised the commanding officer, three pilots, designated as flight commanders; two observers, designated as operations and assistant operations officers; 15 additional pilots, of whom three were deputy flight commanders; and 16 additional observers. The squadron was further divided into three sections or flights of six aircraft each. Missions assigned the 88th involved: short-range visual reconnaissance, short-range photographic, adjustment of light artillery fire, and infantry contact probes.
On 4 September the unit moved temporarily to Goussancourt Airdrome, only a few miles behind the front when the American infantry began their advance across the Vesle. Here need for careful liaison and artillery adjustment flights was continual, with the squadron's service both intensive and strenuous. The squadron moved back to Ferme des Greves on the 9th after being relieved by the French. It had during the entire Vesle Offensive been serving with the III Corps under the Sixth French Army. During its time on the Vesle front, the Germans had superiority in the air and the fighting was continual and fierce.
Next the 88th moved to Souilly Aerodrome on 12 September and was attached to the V Corps Observation Group. From 12 to 17 September the 88th operated over the lines at St. Mihiel. The unit took part in the St. Mihiel Offensive from 10 August to 17 September. It had fourteen planes available for service and stood sixteen pilots and eleven observers ready for duty. The Squadron in the St. Mihlel attack served under the 5th Observation Group attached to the 26th Division. In the first day's fighting the Division reached its enemy objective and the work of the Squadron from then until the end of the offensive consisted of reconnaissance work for the Division. in watching and reporting upon the enemy's retreat and counter-attacks. Thus the Squadron, just having experienced hard and constant fighting on the Vesle, was able to do its part on the new front to help wipe out the St. Mihiel salient. During this time the squadron conducted photographic, corps visual reconnaissance and command missions. Also, on 14 September, the squadron moved again to the Pretz-en-Argonne Airdrome.
Shortly after the St. Mihiel Offensive, a certain redistribution of units took place between the various corps air units in preparation for the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. The Squadron beginning on 17 September, began preparatory missions to support the Argonne-Meuse operation flying from Pretz-en-Argonne. During the operation itself the Squadron acted as Corps Squadron to the III Army Corps and moved successively to Souilly Aerodrome on 20 September and then forward to Bethelainville Aerodrome on 4 November. Its work the attack was intensive and evidently very successful as the General in Command sent a field message to the 88th Squadron Commander stating that he was "Very much pleased with work of the Squadron". The Squadron continued combat operations in the offensive until 11 November.
Post-Armistice photo of the 88th Aero Squadron.
For a few days after the Armistice there was a general relaxation or war activities and even the flying ceased. During November the Squadron was stationed at various places. The end of the month round it at Villers-la-Chevre Aerodrome, in northern France three miles or so from Longwy. The squadron is transferred to IV Corps Observation Group (Third Army) on 15 November, then on 6 December to the VII Corps Observation Group with the same Army, as part of the occupation force of the Rhineland where the squadron celebrated Christmas. At Trier Airdrome, the squadron was able to perform test flights on surrendered German aircraft. Flights of the Fokker D.VII, Pfalz D.XII, Halberstadts and Rumpler aircraft were made and evaluations were made until May 1919.
On 12 May 1919, orders were received from Third Army for the 88th to demobilize. It was ordered to report to the 1st Air Depot at Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome, to turn in all of its supplies and equipment and was relieved from duty with the AEF. The squadron's Salmson aircraft were delivered to the Air Service American Air Service Acceptance Park No. 1 at Orly Aerodrome to be returned to the French. There practically all of the pilots and observers were detached from the Squadron. Personnel at Colombey were subsequently assigned to the Commanding General, Services of Supply and ordered to report to the staging camp at Le Mans, France. There, personnel awaited scheduling to report to one of the Base Ports in France for transport to the United States.
It was ordered on 10 June to report to the Port of Embarkation at Brest where the squadron left France by ship on 11 June and docked in New York City on 25 June 1919.
Upon its return to the United States the 88th moved to Mitchell Field, Long Island, New York and was assigned to the 2d Wing on 27 June 1919. At Mitchell Field the unit was assigned Dayton-Wright DH-4 aircraft and moved to Scott Field Illinois on 11 July 1919. It was inactivated on 7 August 1919 at Scott Field.
Less than a month later, on 5 September 1919 the unit was reorganized at Langley Field, Virginia. Once again it was assigned to the 2d Wing which had moved to Langley from Mitchell Field, New York. On 28 October the 88th was attached to the newly arrived 1st Army Observation Group at Langley. The squadron was assigned to the 1st Army Group on 24 March 1920. While at Langley, the 88th flew the DH-4s and the Douglas O-2. On 10 February 1921, the 88th was reassigned at Langley to the Air Service Field Officers' School. Following this the squadron was re-designated the 88th Squadron on 14 March 1921.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Series "E", Volume 9, History of the 72d, 73d, 85th, and 88th-90th Aero Squadrons. Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
^ a b c d e f g Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) . Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556.
^ Series "P", Volume 1, History of Headquarters, Third Army Air Service. Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
The 436th Training Squadron (436 TS) is a non-flying training squadron of the United States Air Force. It is a tenant unit assigned to the 7th Operations Group, 7th Bomb Wing, Dyess Air Force Base, TexasThe 436 TS is one of the oldest units in the United States Air Force, first being organized as the 88th Aero Squadron on 18 August 1917 at Kelly Field, Texas. The squadron deployed to France and fought on the Western Front during World War I as a Corps observation squadron.On 7 December 1941, elements of the 88th Reconnaissance Squadron were one of the B-17 Flying Fortress units that landed at Hickam Field, Hawaii during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Later in World War II as the 436th Bombardment Squadron , the unit earned the Distinguished Unit Citation and the Presidential Unit Citation for its services in the China Burma India Theater (CBI). During the Cold War, it was part of Strategic Air Command equipped with B-52 Stratofortress bombers until its inactivation in 1963.
Amanty Airdrome was a temporary World War I airfield in France. It was located 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Amanty, in the Meuse department in the Lorraine region in northeastern France (48.527383,5.598371).
Béthelainville Aerodrome was a temporary World War I airfield in France. It was located 0.5 miles (0.80 km) Southwest of Béthelainville, in the Meuse department in the Lorraine region in northeastern France.
Daniel Francis Kearns (3 October 1896 - 9 December 1963) was a military aviator and important figure in the founding of the Colorado Air National Guard.
Ferme des Greves Aerodrome was a temporary World War I airfield in France. It was located 4.3 miles (6.9 km) ESE of Château-Thierry, in the Aisne department in Picardy in north-eastern France.
Francheville Aerodrome was a temporary World War I airfield in France. It was located 3.0 miles (4.8 km) north of Coulommiers, in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
Goussancourt Aerodrome, was a temporary World War I airfield in France. It was located near the commune of Goussancourt, in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France.
Herbert Dudley Hale Jr. (1892-1954) was a filmmaker, government official, and soldier. He served in Herbert Hoover's Relief Administration to Russia and made documentaries for federal agencies and the United Nations.
The III Corps Observation Group was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I as part of the Air Service, First United States Army. It was demobilized on 12 May 1919. There is no modern United States Air Force unit that shares its lineage and history.
The IV Corps Observation Group was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I. It was demobilized on 12 May 1919. There is no modern United States Air Force unit that shares its lineage and history.
The I Corps Observation Group was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I as part of the Air Service, First United States Army. It was demobilized in France after the 1918 Armistice with Germany on 15 April 1919.
There is no modern United States Air Force or Air National Guard unit that shares its lineage and history.
see also: Organization of the Air Service of the American Expeditionary ForceWhen the United States entered World War I on 6 April 1917, the Air Service of the United States Army existed only as a branch of the Signal Corps, and was known by the name of Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps. It consisted of 1,120 personnel, of which 65 were officers. The Army was not ready for the deployment of aviation forces to Europe, and it became necessary to prepare after President Woodrow Wilson's declaration of war.
The Organization of the Air Service of the American Expeditionary Force on November 11, 1918 represents its maximum strength in World War I. Units of the Air Service are listed as assigned to the order of battle for that date, which was that of the Armistice with Germany. The first air unit arrived in France in September 1917, while the final air unit reaching the front did so on November 9, 1918. Unit operations began in April 1918. At the armistice, 57,508 officers and men served in the Air Service of the AEF, 24,512 in the Zone of Advance (combat area), and 32,996 in the Services of Supply (rear areas). Of its 6,861 officers, 4,088 were on flying status and 219 were qualified observation balloon aviators. 1,724 of those on flying status and approximately 100 of the balloonists served in combat units.The First Army Air Service was activated August 26, 1918, with Col. Benjamin Foulois named chief over Col. Billy Mitchell. The Second Army Air Service was activated on October 12 with Col. Frank P. Lahm as chief, and the Third Army Air Service was created immediately after the armistice to provide aviation support to the army of occupation, primarily from veteran units transferred from the First Army Air Service.
The first two air combat groups formed in the AEF were the 1st Corps Observation Group, in April 1918, and the 1st Pursuit Group at Toul. Ultimately fourteen airplane and seven balloon groups were formed to support the operations of two field armies and five corps. The five pursuit and two bombardment groups were organized into two wings. The seven observation and seven balloon groups had one of each assigned to an army or corps air service. Two flexible "observation wings" were created to coordinate the reconnaissance activities of the five corps air services.
The basic units of the air service were the squadron for powered aircraft and the company for balloons. 45 squadrons (38 of which conducted combat operations) of aircraft and 17 companies of balloons served at the front. The 20 pursuit and seven bombardment squadrons were authorized 25 aircraft (including spares) and 18 crews each by the Field Service Regulations, while the 18 observation squadrons were each authorized 24 planes and 18 crews. Balloon companies were equipped with one balloon and approximately six observers each.
Ourches Aerodrome, was a temporary World War I airfield in France. It was 0.7 miles (1.1 km) West-Northwest of the commune of Ourches-sur-Meuse, in the Meuse department in Lorraine in north-eastern France.
Pretz-en-Argonne Aerodrome, was a temporary World War I airfield in France. It was located near the commune of Pretz-en-Argonne,in the Meuse department in Lorraine in northeastern France.
Saints Aerodrome, was a temporary World War I airfield in France. It was located 0.7 miles (1.1 km) North of Saints, in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
Souilly Aerodrome was a temporary World War I airfield in France. It was located 1 mile (1.6 km) Northeast of Souilly, in the Meuse department in north-eastern France.
The VII Corps Observation Group was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I as part of the First Army Air Service. It was later transferred to the Third Army Air Service as part of the United States Occupation of the Rhineland after the 1918 Armistice with Germany.The group was demobilized in Germany on 12 May 1919 and its members returned to the United States. There is no modern United States Air Force unit that shares its lineage and history.
The V Corps Observation Group was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I as part of the Air Service, First United States Army. It was demobilized in France on 15 February 1919. There is no modern United States Air Force unit that shares its lineage and history.


Left to right, front row: Kermit Styer holding son James, Edna Benner Styer, Irene Benner, Ruth Wismer, Elizabeth Souder, Doris Souder, Lois Ruth, Ruth Kolb (later Essick), Becky Yoder (later Weaver), Dorothy Benner (sister to Edna and Irene). Back row: Charles Yoder, Arlene Kolb (later Yoder), David Hostetler, Anna Pearl Longacre (later Hostetler), Ruth Hendricks, Gerald Souder, John Ruth, Enos Weaver, Ernest Hange.
Oh my goodness, that's my Dad in the back row. I would've never seen this except you put his name down.
Yes, that is an interesting mix of people – in front of Uncle Paul and Aunt Margaret's house – but they aren't on the picture. Sure wonder what the occasion was.
And there is baby Jimmy!! I will check with him if he knows what this is about!
Bev, If Jim was about 1, the picture would have been taken in about 1948.
I was wondering, too, what was the reason for this particular gathering. I think it looks like Uncle Paul/Aunt Margaret's home in Spring City…especially because of the covered drive thru on the right. The names of Souder, Wismer, Ruth, and my parents make me think of a Finland group…and didn't Paul and Margaret go to Finland at one point. Maybe Aunt Irene will remember….she'll be out here in two weeks!!!
Oh, and I think it would have been early 1948…..Jim was born in May, 1947, and I was born in May, 1948, so my mom must have been pregnant with me on this picture!
I inquired of Doris Souder Morgan and Elizabeth Souder Hoover, my sisters-in-law. This was the reply I received from Doris.
Judy, Someone had sent this picture to me before. I think it was Lois Kennel. The picture was taken at Paul and Margaret Benner's home near Spring City. We were all invited to their place for dinner on a Sunday. I'm not sure why, maybe Anna Pearl Longacre had something to do with it. I guess they just wanted to have a group of young people get together. Anna Pearl was Margaret Benner's sister. Maybe Liz or Gerald remember more.
Thanks, Judy… Somehow it just reminded me of that. That explains a lot!
I have distant memories of this day being planned by my mother. She loved having people in for a meal, and decided that these young people from Finland and Spring City including Vincent Church and Pottstown, and relatives from both sides (Longacre and Benner) would enjoy learning to know each other. Simple as that!


We are a collective of opinionated and compassionate writers who understand that this is just the beginning of a global vegan lifestyle.
We are here to share thoughtful stories, op-ed pieces, and well researched articles about vegan living, health, activism, and important issues impacting the world, the animals, and future generations.
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text:
Q: Debian/Xfce: Keyboard shortcut for home and end keys I'm running xfce4 on debian. I'd like to assign keyboard shortcuts for the home and end keys (specifically, to move the cursor to the beginning and end of a line).
In the settings manager there is a gui interface for assigning keyboard shortcuts to commands. However, how could I set a keyboard shortcut (e.g. ctrl+a or ctrl+e) for another key (home or end)?
Thanks!

A: I tried several tools, like xmodmap, xbindkeys and xdotool to assign Ctrl-Left to Home and Ctrl-Right to End.
Problem is: as result, it sends Ctrl-Left-Home and Ctrl-Right-End because keystrike isn't released and nothing works...
I had to create a script with a sleep :
$ cat HomeEnd.sh
#!/bin/bash
sleep .2
KEY=${1?key}
xdotool key ${KEY}

Then I assigned a shorcut with Settings Manager > Keyboard > Application Shortcuts or with command line :
$  xfconf-query -c xfce4-keyboard-shortcuts -p "/commands/custom/<Ctrl>Left" -s "${HOME}/bin/HomeEnd.sh Home" -n -t string
$  xfconf-query -c xfce4-keyboard-shortcuts -p "/commands/custom/<Ctrl>Right" -s "${HOME}/bin/HomeEnd.sh End" -n -t string

Now It works, I just have to strike Ctrl-Left or Ctrl-Right and release the keys.

A: This could be an answer, but the intention was to provide useful hints.
If I read correctly, you are trying to bind a single key to several keys presses. The given example is to remap End to Ctrl+E (this may be easier to understand).
xmodmap and xbindkeys
The classic approach is to check your keycode using xev and use X tool like xmodmap to remap the keys, as explained in this answer on askubuntu.com. But this doesn't allow you to remap several keys, mentioned in the answer for this question.
The other approach is to use xbindkeys to grab the keys and xvkbd to send keys, whose answer was given to this post. However, this approach also has its own caveat which cause focus to lose, as mentioned by someone in the comment.
Actually, there is similar question being asked, to remap several key presses to another several key presses (which is one level harder than your request). Unfortunately, the answer has clearly mentioned that you can't achieve that with xmodmap and suggesting to use xbindkeys instead.
Alternative: xdotool
Some time ago, I was still using a two-button mouse (I know, quite old piece of hardware) and trying to emulate the mouse middle-click. Then, I discovered xdotool which was able to emulate mouse clicks, as well as keyboard key presses.
My suggestion is, use xdotool to emulate keyboard key press for End (this will give you a string of command). Then use this command to assign a custom shorcut Ctrl+E in Xfce4, which is found under Settings Manager > Keyboard > Application Shortcuts.
To build the command using xdotool, you can refer to several examples of which one of them is quoted as follows.

Example: focus the firefox url bar
WID=`xdotool search "Mozilla Firefox" | head -1`
xdotool windowactivate --sync $WID
xdotool key --clearmodifiers ctrl+l

# As of version 2.20100623, you can do this simpler version of above:
xdotool search "Mozilla Firefox" windowactivate --sync key --clearmodifiers ctrl+l

I haven't used this tool for some time, so I can't give exact answer to your question. In my opinion, using xdotool with Xfce4 Application Shortcuts is the best solution you can try on Debian Xfce.

A: The easiest way to do that now is using AutoKey:
https://github.com/autokey/autokey/wiki
To invoke a sequence of keypresses, you create a new script:
keyboard.send_keys("<ctrl>+a")

and assign it to a hotkey.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Masquerade ball planned for Cros-Lex girl heading for surgery
Laura Fitzgerald
Mallory Milhoan doesn't like to sit still.
The seventh-grader at Croswell-Lexington Middle School has tried a plethora of sports, including basketball, cheerleading, volleyball and baseball. She loves to dance and make videos of her dancing for the popular video platform called Tik Tok.
"She practices the dances constantly," said her mother, Malinda Evans. "Even when she's picking up her room or helping around the house or grocery shopping, she's doing the dances."
"I know, I have an obsession OK," Mallory said, teasing her mother.
She smiled and laughed as she sat at a table in Denny's recently, surrounded by family and friends.
"She's just a happy-go-lucky kid," said her grandmother, Cindy Marks, gesturing to Mallory. "This is just her. She's just a vibrant kid."
And it's her positive attitude that has helped her face challenges most 12 year olds don't ever dream of.
Mallory has severe scoliosis and will soon be undergoing extensive medical procedures to save her life. But before that happens, family and friends are throwing the Mallory's Masquerade Ball to raise funds for her medical expenses and to giver her a night to dance away with her friends.
Living with scoliosis
While many cases of scoliosis, an abnormal curve of the spine, are minor, requiring little or no treatment, serious cases can require surgery and can even be life-threatening.
Mallory was diagnosed with scoliosis in late 2016. At the time of diagnosis, the curve in her spine was 34 degrees, Evans said. Now, the curve is 84 degrees and her spine is rotated 180 degrees. The curve is crushing her lungs and putting other organs at risk.
Beginning in late November, Mallory will undergo halo gravity traction treatment. Halo gravity traction removes the impact of gravity on the spine deformity by attaching a weighted pulley system to the patient's skull. The treatment elongates the spine, stretches out surrounding soft tissue, and improves lung capacity and breathing, Evans said.
Mallory will be confined to a wheelchair during her halo gravity traction treatment.
She will undergo a spinal fusion surgery in January. The surgery will rotate, straighten and stabilize her spine. Doctors believe the traction treatment will cut Mallory's chances of being paralyzed following the surgery from 95 percent to 50 percent, Evans said.
With the outcome of the surgery uncertain, the family is unsure of what Mallory's recovery will look like, Evans and Marks explained. If Mallory is not paralyzed, she will lose mobility in her spine.
While Evans knew scoliosis was a possibility when Mallory first complained of back pain and she noticed abnormalities in her ribs, she never knew it would become this severe.
"It's tough, (Marks) preaches to me that I have to be strong for my kid and I try to be. Sometimes, I slip up," and then (Mallory) makes fun of me. So, she makes me laugh," Evans said. "But, it's on your mind every second."
When Evans began to get tears in her eyes, Mallory grabbed her cheeks, making her laugh.
It was her family's idea to plan Mallory's Masquerade Ball, set for Nov. 2. Proceeds will go towards Mallory's medical bills. The event will include music, raffles, a masquerade mask station and food catered by Great Lakes Italian Restaurant and Joey's Smokehouse.
The event will also be a fun evening for Mallory to make memories before she is confined by her treatment, her mother said.
Besides the cost of her surgery, her family must also pay for a new handicap-accessible vehicle that will fit Mallory wheelchair. They will also have to move into a new home that will be large enough to fit Mallory's hospital bed.
Evans said with insurance, they are looking at $20,000 in medical bills.
Mallory maintains her positive attitude when she looks at the uncertainty surrounding her recovery.
"I see it as a challenge that I want to face and I want to overcome and I want to walk again after this," Mallory said. "And I want to possibly still do sports, even if it takes a lot of time and physical therapy; I want to still be active."
Raising awareness for scoliosis
Mallory's mother and grandmother said they hope her story and the Masquerade Ball raises awareness about the dangers of severe scoliosis.
"Scoliosis, you think it's like, oh it's that thing with your back, it's not that big of a deal, until it's a big deal," Marks said.
Evans said parents should take any concerns about spinal abnormalities seriously. Brushing off what seems like something minor could lead to major problems down the road, she said.
"I want more awareness for scoliosis for other parents to not go through the fight that we have to," Evans said.
The ball starts at 7 p.m. on Nov. 2 at Croswell-Lexington High School. Tickets are $15 for 18 years old and up, $10 for ages 13-17 and by donation for those under the age of 12. Evans said the price of tickets can be negotiated for those unable to pay full price.
For ticket information, or to make a donation for Mallory's medical expenses, call 810-292-7838. Visit Mallory's Journey on Facebook to learn more.
Contact public safety/breaking news reporter Laura Fitzgerald at 810-989-6279. Follow her on Twitter @LM_Fitz.


Audiobooks. Detective and mystery fiction. Detective and mystery stories. fiction Fiction. Historical fiction. Large type books. Mystery fiction. novel Suspense fiction.
Summary: With the help of mystery author Ariadne Oliver, Hercule Poirot investigates the death of a little girl who shortly before her bizarre death at a Halloween party had claimed to have witnessed a murder being committed.
Summary: Graphic novel adaptation of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's mystery in which Dr. Watson first meets Sherlock Holmes and the two locate their apartment at 221B Baker Street in the midst of a case that spans two continents.
Summary: Maisie Dobbs' first assignment for the British Secret Service takes her undercover to Cambridge as a professor, and leads to the investigation of a murderous web of activities being conducted by the up-and-coming Nazi party.
Summary: Poirot is called to the family estate of Simeon Lee, after he is found lying in a pool of blood on Christmas Eve.
Summary: On the night before Christmas, cruel, tyrannical, filthy rich Simeon Lee is found in his locked bedroom with his throat cut. Now Hercule Poirot must put his deductive powers to the test to solve one of his most chilling cases and to prevent a clever killer from spilling more blood.
Summary: Novel that introduced eccentric detective Sherlock Holmes, as well as his faithful associate, Dr. Watson, to the literary world. Convalescing in London after a disastrous experience of war, Watson finds himself sharing rooms with his enigmatic new acquaintance, Sherlock Holmes. Their quiet bachelor life is soon interrupted by the discovery of a dead man in a grimy house in southeast London.
Summary: Enlisted by a friend in the police force to find the long-lost aunt of two girls whose mother has been murdered, Brodie Farrell discovers that she is working against a dangerous adversary when a murderous intruder breaks into the girls' home.
Summary: The very exclusive Meadowbank School has never been more assured of success when the summer term begins--until their gym mistress is found murdered.
Summary: When three corpses turn up on Cheltenham Gold Cup Day, including a jockey who had earlier in the day won the Triumph Hurdle, ex-jockey-turned-sleuth Sid Halley investigates a possible link to Lord Enstone's mysterious losing streak.
Summary: Days after the encounter at the Swiss waterfall that claimed the lives of Sherlock Holmes and criminal mastermind Professor Moriarty, Pinkerton detective agent Frederick Chase and Scotland Yard Inspector Athelney Jones, a devoted student of Holmes's methods of investigation and deduction, must track down a sinister figure who is determined to stake his claim as Moriarty's successor.


text:
require 'openssl'

module OffsitePayments
  module Integrations #:nodoc:
    module Migs

      # Overwrite this if you want to change the ANS production url
      mattr_accessor :production_url
      self.production_url = 'https://migs.mastercard.co.in/vpcpay'

      HASH_ALGORITHM = 'SHA256'.freeze

      def self.service_url
        mode = OffsitePayments.mode
        case mode
        when :production
          self.production_url
        # There is no test URL
        when :test
          self.production_url
        else
          raise StandardError, "Integration mode set to an invalid value: #{mode}"
        end
      end

      def self.return(query_string, options = {})
        Return.new(query_string, options)
      end

      class Helper < OffsitePayments::Helper
        ELECTRON = /^(424519|42496[23]|450875|48440[6-8]|4844[1-5][1-5]|4917[3-5][0-9]|491880)\d{10}(\d{3})?$/

        # WARNING
        #
        # From reading most of the tests for various integrations,
        # including the more popular ones (Authorize.net), it seems
        # that the amount field is provided using dollars, not cents
        # like the Gateway classes. The currency for transactions is
        # dictated by the merchant account. Thus, the user will need
        # to determine the correct amount. It seems that cents are
        # used for USD and INR at the very least.

        # The MiGS merchant id should be passed as the account parameter.
        #
        # Options must include:
        #
        # - :locale
        # - :access_code => Migs access code
        # - :secret => Migs secure secret
        # - :amount => price in cents
        #
        # Also, the method add_secure_hash should be called at the very end
        # of the block passed to payment_service_for.
        def initialize(order, account, options = {})
          requires!(options, :amount, :locale, :secret, :access_code)

          # The following elements need to be removed from params to not
          # trigger an error, but can't be added to the object yet since
          # the @fields Hash has not been set up yet via super()
          locale = options.delete(:locale)
          access_code = options.delete(:access_code)
          # For generating the secure hash
          secret = options.delete(:secret)

          super

          add_field('vpc_gateway', 'ssl')
          add_field('vpc_Command', 'pay')
          add_field('vpc_Version', '1')
          add_field('vpc_VirtualPaymentClientURL', 'https://migs.mastercard.co.in/vpcpay')

          self.locale = locale
          self.access_code = access_code
          @secret = secret
        end

        # A custom handler for credit cards to extract the card type
        # since Migs wants that passed with the data
        def credit_card(params = {})
          brand = params[:brand].to_sym
          params.delete(:brand)

          exp_month = sprintf("%.2i", Integer(params[:expiry_month], 10))
          exp_year = sprintf("%.4i", Integer(params[:expiry_year], 10))
          params.delete(:expiry_month)
          params.delete(:expiry_year)

          method_missing(:credit_card, params)

          # The expiration data needs to be combined together
          exp = "#{exp_year[-2..-1]}#{exp_month}"
          add_field(mappings[:credit_card][:expiry_month], exp)

          # Map the card type to what Migs is expecting
          if params[:number] =~ ELECTRON
            brand_name = 'VisaDebit'
          else
            brand_name = {
              :visa             => 'Visa',
              :master           => 'Mastercard',
              :american_express => 'Amex',
              :diners_club      => 'Dinersclub',
              :jcb              => 'JCB',
              :solo             => 'Solo'
            }[brand]
          end

          add_field(mappings[:credit_card][:brand], brand_name)
        end

        # Make sure the order id and attempt number are combined into
        # the appropriate fields in the form. The transaction reference
        # is constructed as:
        #
        # order-attempt_number
        #
        # The order info is constructed as:
        #
        # order-attempt_number/description

        def order=(value)
          # Both of these fields include the order id
          {'vpc_MerchTxnRef' => 40, 'vpc_OrderInfo' => 34}.each do |field, max_length|
            existing_value = @fields[field] || ""

            # Inserts the description as (/description) into any existing variation of "order-attempt/description"
            new_value = existing_value.gsub(/^(\d+)?(-\d+)?(\/.*)?$/, "#{value}\\2\\3")

            add_field(field, new_value[0...max_length])
          end
        end

        def attempt_number(value)
          # Both of these fields include the atempt_number
          {'vpc_MerchTxnRef' => 40, 'vpc_OrderInfo' => 34}.each do |field, max_length|
            existing_value = @fields[field] || ""

            # Inserts the attempt number as (-\d) into any existing variation of "order-attempt/description"
            new_value = existing_value.gsub(/^(\d+)?(-\d+)?(\/.*)?$/, "\\1-#{value}\\3")

            add_field(field, new_value[0...max_length])
          end
        end

        def description(value)
          field = 'vpc_OrderInfo'
          max_length = 34
          existing_value = @fields[field] || ""

          # Inserts the description as (/description) into any existing variation of "order-attempt/description"
          value = existing_value.gsub(/^(\d+)?(-\d+)?(\/.*)?$/, "\\1\\2/#{value}")

          add_field(field, value[0...max_length])
        end

        # This must be called at the end after all other fields have been added
        def add_secure_hash
          # Per MIGS requirements we must stringify, sort fields alphabetically
          # minus the 'vpc_' prefix, add back the 'vpc_' prefix after sorting,
          # then join all fields as a query string separated by '&'.
          sorted_values = @fields.stringify_keys
                                 .map { |(k, v)| [k.gsub('vpc_', ''), v] }
                                 .sort
                                 .map { |i| "vpc_#{i[0]}=#{i[1]}" }
                                 .join('&')
          hash = OpenSSL::HMAC.hexdigest(HASH_ALGORITHM, [@secret].pack('H*'), sorted_values).upcase
          add_field('vpc_SecureHash', hash)
          add_field('vpc_SecureHashType', 'SHA256')
        end

        mapping :account, 'vpc_Merchant'
        mapping :access_code, 'vpc_AccessCode'
        mapping :locale, 'vpc_Locale'
        mapping :return_url, 'vpc_ReturnURL'
        mapping :amount, 'vpc_Amount'

        mapping :billing_address,  :city     => 'vpc_AVS_City',
                                   :address1 => 'vpc_AVS_Street_01',
                                   :state    => 'vpc_AVS_StateProv',
                                   :zip      => 'vpc_AVS_PostCode',
                                   :country  => 'vpc_AVS_Country'

        mapping :credit_card, :number             => 'vpc_CardNum',
                              :expiry_month       => 'vpc_CardExp',
                              :expiry_year        => 'vpc_CardExp',
                              :verification_value => 'vpc_CardSecurityCode',
                              :brand              => 'vpc_card'
      end

      class Return < OffsitePayments::Return
        def initialize(query_string, options = {})
          super
          @valid = secure_hash_matches?
        end

        def message
          return 'Response from MiGS could not be validated' unless @valid
          params['vpc_Message']
        end

        def command
          params['vpc_Command']
        end

        def transaction_id
          params['vpc_TransactionNo']
        end

        def authorization_code
          params['vpc_AuthorizeId']
        end

        def description
          params['vpc_OrderInfo'].gsub(/^.*\//, '')
        end

        def order
          params['vpc_MerchTxnRef'].gsub(/-\d+$/, '')
        end

        def attempt_number
          params['vpc_MerchTxnRef'].gsub(/^\d+-/, '')
        end

        def response_code
          params['vpc_TxnResponseCode']
        end

        def merchant
          params['vpc_Merchant']
        end

        def receipt_number
          params['vpc_ReceiptNo']
        end

        def amount
          params['vpc_Amount'].to_i
        end

        def success?
          return false if not @valid
          params['vpc_TxnResponseCode'] == '0'
        end

        def cancelled?
          params['vpc_TxnResponseCode'] != '0'
        end

        def secure_hash
          params['vpc_SecureHash']
        end

        def avs_code
          params['vpc_AVSResultCode']
        end

        def cvv_code
          params['vpc_CSCResultCode']
        end

        def secure_hash_matches?
          return false unless params['vpc_SecureHash']
          response = params.clone
          response.delete('vpc_SecureHash')
          response.delete('vpc_SecureHashType')
          sorted_values = response.stringify_keys
                                  .map { |(k, v)| [k.gsub('vpc_', ''), v] }
                                  .sort.map { |i| "vpc_#{i[0]}=#{i[1]}" }
                                  .join('&')
          hash = OpenSSL::HMAC.hexdigest(HASH_ALGORITHM, [@options[:secret]].pack('H*'), sorted_values).upcase
          hash == secure_hash
        end

        # Returns true if one of the following is true:
        #
        # - address and 9-digit zip matches
        # - address and 5-digit zip matches
        # - 5-digit zip matches, address not checked
        def avs_code_matches?
          return ['Y', 'X', 'P'].include? avs_code
        end

        def cvv_code_matches?
          return ['M'].include? cvv_code
        end
      end

    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Vimael Machin
#31 - Oakland Athletics
Birthdate September 25, 1993
Birthplace Humacao, Puerto Rico
College VCU
Draft 2015 - Round 10 (293 overall) by Chi. Cubs
RBI 0
9/27/21 @ SEA 4-13 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .276 .247 .222
8/16/21 @ CHW 2-5 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 .277 .247 .221
8/15/21 @ TEX 4-7 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 .262 .240 .213
6/26/21 @ SF 5-6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .267 .243 .214
5/13/21 @ BOS 1-8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .270 .246 .217
5/8/21 TB 6-3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .274 .250 .221
5/4/21 TOR 4-1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 .282 .258 .227
4/30/21 BAL 2-3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .294 .270 .238
2021 OAK 15 32 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 10 2 .125 .200 .125
2020 OAK 24 63 11 13 2 0 0 0 0 0 8 10 0 .206 .296 .238


Trainer +3Unlimited Ammo and Freeze Energy and Shields. We had spotty results using this trainer. It bombs the game if you push W and have no reloadable weapons. The freeze energy and shields does not appear to be working. Any ideas?


text:
ActionAid USA
https://www.actionaidusa.org
ActionAid USA invests in communities around the world to empower people to work towards solutions for poverty, climate change impacts, women's rights, and more.
ActionAid's previous website was tied to a platform with 20+ other ActionAid country sites, which made it difficult for contributors to tailor their content for audiences in the United States and to manage multimedia content.
After a discovery phase where we defined technical requirements and provided feedback for our design partners at Teal Media, we built a custom theme with several responsive templates that feature vibrant images from ActionAid staff around the world. Each page includes widgets for searching and filtering ActionAid's library of news stories, press releases, publications, and case studies.
The new site runs on WordPress, an open-source content management system. ActionAid staff can create a variety of post types with structured fields and can categorize their content by both issue and region. The homepage features a dynamic listing of ActionAid's newest content, enhanced with infinite scroll and in-page search and filtering.
The site also incorporates ActionAid's third-party donation platform and newsletter subscription form, so visitors can easily make a donation or sign up for newsletters.


text:
The Cool Blue Blog
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« Redefining surrender | Main | Rosie says... »
Failing at national security
The news was announced on Friday that the mastermind of the 7/7 London attacks was captured in Iraq by US troops more than five months ago.
An Iraqi man accused of being a key aide to Osama bin Laden and a top leader of al-Qaeda was arrested late last year on his way to Iraq and handed over to the CIA
According to the Defense Department, and the Counter Terrorism community at large, Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi was
regarded as one of al-Qaeda's most experienced, most intelligent and most ruthless commanders. Senior counter-terrorism sources told The Times that he was the man who, in 2003, identified Britain as the key battleground for exporting al-Qaeda's holy war to Europe.
The reason for this is pretty clear: Britain is extremely reluctant to move on Islamic extremists within its borders
A few days before the March 11 suicide bombing that rocked Casablanca, Moroccan police arrested a big fish: Saad Husseini, number two in the Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group (GICM), the outfit responsible for terror attacks in Casablanca in 2003 and Madrid in 2004 that killed a total of 236 people. But while Husseini sits in jail, his boss, Mohamed Guerbouzi, lives a free man in Britain, despite being sentenced in absentia to a 20-year term by a Moroccan court.
Morocco has sought Guerbouzi's extradition, but the British government refuses even to arrest him, deeming the evidence provided insufficient, according to the newspaper Aujourd'hui Le Maroc. Indeed, London still hosts a Who's Who of dangerous Islamists--Rachid Ghannouchi, leader of the main Tunisian Islamist party; Anjem Choudary, deported from Lebanon to the United Kingdom in 2005 and seen taking part in the violent protests of the Danish cartoons of Muhammad; the Saudi national Saad al-Faqih, listed as a supporter of al Qaeda by both the U.S. Treasury and the United Nations, and so on. There's a reason for the moniker the British capital earned in the 1990s (also the title of a 2006 book by the journalist Melanie Phillips)--Londonistan.
Read the whole thing.
The announcement that Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi had been captured came as a result of his being transferred from one of those much maligned secret CIA "prison" to Guantanamo Bay. But even here the British have tied their own hands with regards to the man who planned the killing 52 innocent patrons of London's subway system.
Abd al-Hadi has also been linked to a number of other foiled al-Qaeda plots to carry out attacks in Britain. But the Security Service, which has previously sent officials to question detainees at Guantanamo Bay, may not have the opportunity to question him directly.
The Government's recently adopted position in favour of closing Guantanamo Bay is likely to act as a bar on agents travelling there. British Intelligence would have to rely on relaying questions it would like asked by American interrogators.
Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi is a bad dude and a major al Qaida player.
Abd al-Hadi was al Qaeda's Internal Operations Chief and served as an instructor as well as the commander of several al Qaeda training camps in Afghanistan. He was a major in Saddam Hussein's Army prior to going to Afghanistan to fight the Soviet Union in the 1980s (his real name is Nashwan Abdulrazaq Abdulbaqi and he was born in Mosul in 1961). Al-Hadi also served on al Qaeda's "ruling Shura Council — a now-defunct 10-person advisory body to Osama Bin Ladin — as well as the group's Military Committee, which oversaw terrorist and guerrilla operations and paramilitary training."
While in Pakistan, Abd al-Hadi directed cross-border military operations against U.S. and Afghan forces in Afghanistan. Abd al-Hadi also served as a conduit between al Qaeda in Iraq, the Taliban and al Qaeda senior command operating inside Pakistan. He was behind the assassination attempts against Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf.
"'Abd al-Hadi was known and trusted by Bin Ladin and Ayman al-Zawahiri," notes the Department of Defense. He was "in direct communication with both leaders and, at one point, was Zawahiri's caretaker. 'Abd al-Hadi also interacted with other senior al Qaeda planners and decision makers, such as Khalid Shaykh Muhammad and Abu Faraj al-Libi, and deceased al Qaeda members Hamza Rabi'a and 'Abd al-Rahman al-Muhajir." Al-Hadi is listed on Executive Order 13224 as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist.
A recently leaked British intelligence report indicated Al-Hadi was planning a major attack against Britain prior to Prime minister Tony Blair steps down from office this spring. A letter captured by British intelligence from Al-Hadi "stressed the need to take care to ensure that the attack was successful and on a large scale... The plan was to be relayed to an Iran-based Al-Qaeda facilitator."
Even with this, Britain still can't send people to interrogate him because the Government has decided Guantanamo Bay shouldn't exist.
I wonder if they are allowed to even listen to the US interrogators who glean intel from him relevent to the security of Britain.
Or perhaps, like Mohamed Guerbouzi, Rachid Ghannouchi, Anjem Choudary, Saad al-Faqih and the other Islamist murderers Britain harbors, they think he's just another poor oppressed wrongly-accused Muslim.
At the recent Democratic debate between Presidential hopefuls
Edwards aide David Ginsberg confirmed that the former North Carolina senator had not raised his hand in response to Brian Williams' question,"Do you believe there is such a thing as a global war on terror?"
He also noted that Edwards elaborated later in the debate.
"I believe -- and this goes to the question you asked earlier, just a few minutes ago -- global war on terror. I think there are dangerous people and dangerous leaders in the world that America must deal with and deal with strongly, but we have more tools available to us than bombs. And America needs to use the tools that are available to them so that these people who are sitting on the fence, who terrorists are trying to recruit, the next generation, get pushed to our side, not to the other side. We've had no long-term strategy, and we need one, and I will provide one."
Yeah, the others raised their hand, but there is little doubt that Democrats want to treat the GWOT as a law-enforcement issue, just like we did prior to September 11, 2001 which means we'll wait until after they do the deed before we arrest them.
Give the Democrats enough time, and the US will lead Britain in harboring terrorists.
Posted by Frank LoPinto at 01:16 PM in Analysis | Permalink
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estherdaniels59@gmail.com on Sgt. Tommy Rieman: Action hero
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How Much Does it Cost to Install a Window in Imperial?
The value of windows in a home can sometimes be overlooked by many homeowners. They are often regarded as just holes in the wall of a house. However, they are more than just that. Windows can bring the light and warmth of a beautiful summer day inside your house. They offer fascinating views for your eyes to feast on and are like permanent ornaments that can beautify not just the inside of your living space, but the outside as well. All this while giving security to your abode from harmful elements and intruders. Since windows are permanent, it is important that their structure, design, and installation should be planned and thought of accordingly. Window installation in Imperial, if it is done properly, can enhance not just the facade of your house, but bring additional value to it as well.
Imperial window installation costs will always depend on the design of the window that you like, the materials, its size and the number of windows you want to be installed in your house. The average cost of window installation in Imperial is estimated to be around $1,728 up to $2,327 with most homeowners paying $450 on average. This price applies to less than 5 installations. The average cost of installing 5 up to 10 windows is approximately between $350 and $650. Technically, the more windows that you want to install, the higher the cost of installation. There are standard sizes of windows available. However, if you want manufacturers to customize a window for you, it will be costlier. Vinyl windows are considerably inexpensive, durable, and low in maintenance. They don't shrink nor swell even if exposed to nature elements. But then again, they are not as attractive as wood. Wood-framed windows are typically expensive and require careful maintenance. They also need to be refinished every now and then. But, when it comes to the architectural and aesthetic appeal combined with its strength, nothing will beat wood.
Installation of new windows can save considerable amounts of money on utility bills. The lower the U-factor, the more energy-efficient your window. However, this will also mean that the initial cost will be high. Nevertheless, considering the savings that you will get in the coming years, the cost will be worth it. Always remember that just like the rest of the components in your house, Imperial window installation is also an investment.
What is the Imperial window U-Factor?
U-factor or U-value is the term in which a window's heat loss is rated. The lower the U-factor means that the window's resistance to heat flow is stronger. It also means that the insulating properties of the window are a whole lot better. A high-performance double pane window is estimated to have a U-factor of 0.30 or lower, while it is reported that triple panes can have as little as 0.15.
What is better, wood window or vinyl window in Imperial?
In the end, choosing the right window for your home all comes down to what is your priority. If you are on a tight budget, vinyl windows will be your best choice. However, if you are after quality, added worth to your house, and aesthetic appeal, the wood window is a good option.
For how many years do windows in Imperial last?
A wooden window that is well-maintained and is regularly refurbished can last from 60 up to 100 years. On the other hand, a vinyl window can last for 20 to 40 years on average. However, the life expectancy of a window will always depend on its exposure to the elements. Heat can also affect the deterioration of a window. So if you want your window to last, have them checked and repaired regularly.
3209 E Romaine Creek Rd.
33 Rex Aire Mobile Ct.
Would like to restore 24 windows on 1920 foursquare.
Would like estimate to replace windows in our home-- built in 1954, and I'm assuming are single pane ? 8 reg. windows- 2 bathroom & 1 kitchen window- and a bank of 3 living room windows-- about 5 feet high, and 4 feet wide, with another bank below, each about 48 x 17 .
one of the strings on the right side of our double hung Anderson window snapped.


Lot Size: 5605 sq. m.
A family dream place in Tagaytay! Surrounded by retreat homes and convents. Ideal for weekend farmer! Located approx 2.1 km from Tagaytay Ridge accessed through Kabangaan Road the property is fully covered by a mini-forest of North Folk and Benguet pinse, mahogany, mango and other types of fruit tree. The property is over 500 meters above sea level. Faces due east with view of Laguna de Bay on the left and Palace in the Sky(People's Park) on the right. Only 15 minute drive to Tagaytay Highlands. Topography is an easy slope towards a creek and small hill at the back. Frontage is approx 2 meters higher than road.
Selling price comes with a two bedroom, two-storey house (158 sqm) a large family room on the loft that can sleep over 15 pax, two bathrooms, a lanai on the ground floor and a porch on the second floor. Parking area can accommodate five cars or more.


Weighted items will be represented by versions of TetA genes that confer measurably distinct levels of tetracycline resistance. We have altered the codons of the wild type TetA gene, optimizing and de-optimizing several segments of the coding sequence. Each TetA variant is coupled with a distinctive fluorescent gene, and each pair is flanked by lox sites. In the presence of Cre protein, the lox mechanism either inverts or excises the coding sequence, yielding different combinations of expressed TetA variants. An expressed variant corresponds to an item being placed in the knapsack. Over-expression of TetA results in cell death. Under-expression of TetA causes the cells to stop growing due to tetracycline in the growth medium. Surviving cells correspond to cells within a certain range of TetA production and the fluorescence tag allows for comparative measurement within this range.
The team is also working to develop software tools relevant to the specific project and applicable to projects of the wider synthetic biology community.


text:
Industry & Innovation
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CMUEngineering
Alaine Allen appointed associate dean for DEI
Alaine Allen will join Carnegie Mellon University's College of Engineering as the Associate Dean for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion.
Dr. Alaine Allen will join Carnegie Mellon University's College of Engineering as the Associate Dean for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion. As CMU Engineering's new full-time chief diversity officer, Allen will foster an inclusive environment and welcoming culture to advance the college and university mission in DEI. She will also work closely with Engineering department heads and their department DEI committees, supporting department-level DEI initiatives and developing anti-racist practices.
"I am delighted for Alaine to join the College of Engineering as our new Associate Dean for DEI," said Bill Sanders, dean of the College of Engineering. "Alaine is a professional practitioner with longstanding experience in DEI coupled with formal training in this field."
Alaine Allen, new associate dean for diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Allen joins the college from the University of Pittsburgh's Swanson School of Engineering where she has held a variety of leadership roles focused on broadening participation in science and engineering for individuals from historically underrepresented groups. She most recently served as the director of educational outreach and community engagement for the school and co-PI of the NSF INCLUDES Alliance: STEM Pathways for Underrepresented Students to HigherEd (PUSH) Network.
"Alaine is a wonderful fit for the College of Engineering with deep connections to the Pittsburgh region, as well as associations with several national professional organizations," said Jon Cagan, professor of mechanical engineering and chair of the search advisory committee.
"We are excited for Alaine to build on the college's diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives to date and bring her considerable experience to bear on our DEI goals in this new and critical role in the College of Engineering," said Sanders. Allen will begin her new role on February 1.
For media inquiries, please contact Sherry Stokes at stokes@cmu.edu.
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"Do your duty and a little more and the future will take care of itself." Andrew Carnegie
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"Enlightenments, like accidents, happen only to prepared minds." Herbert A. Simon
"An investment in knowledge pays the best interest." Ben Franklin
"There is very little success where there is little laughter." Andrew Carnegie
"I think great artists and great engineers are similar, in that they both have a desire to express themselves. " Steve Jobs
"We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit. " Will Durant
"I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand" Chinese Proverb
"Education is the most powerful weapon we can use to change the world." Nelson Mandela
"Design is not just what it looks like and feels like. Design is how it works." Steve Jobs
"There's nothing I believe in more strongly than getting young people interested in science and engineering, for a better tomorrow, for all humankind." Bill Nye
"At the heart of science is an essential balance between two seemingly contradictory attitudes—an openness to new ideas, no matter how bizarre or counterintuitive they may be, and the most ruthless skeptical scrutiny of all ideas, old and new." Carl Sagan
"Creativity...involves the power to originate, to break away from the existing ways of looking at things, to move freely in the realm of imagination, to create and recreate worlds fully in one's mind—while supervising all this with a critical inner eye." Oliver Sacks
"I just believe that the way that young people's minds develop is fascinating. If you are doing something for a grade or salary or a reward, it doesn't have as much meaning as creating something for yourself and your own life." Steve Wozniak


text:
2019 Dystopias here and now
2017 Law and the City
2015 Migration, Borders, Violence
2014 Privacy and Surveillance
Should there be life sentences without parole?
The use of sentences within England and Wales is a topic that always divides the opinion of the public. However, over the last few years, there has been a fresh argument, made that those who have a life sentence without the chance of parole is in breach of their human rights. Back in 2012 convicted murderer Jeremy Bamber, along with two other prisoners, made the first steps in challenging against their sentences by appealing to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Their primary argument being that the sentence is in breach of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR).
At the end of last month, it was found that the Grand Chamber, the highest court of the ECtHR, held that there is a breach of Article 3. This was held because there is no review process, for those given life without parole sentences. In addition, although in principle there is no issue with these sentences, on a practical level there should be a review process after twenty five years. This decision has caused controversy for both politicians and the judiciary. Furthermore, there has been criticism from victims of crime and members of the public who believe that prisoners should not be entitled to rights. It is because of this ruling that the Court of Appeal is now set to hear three new appeals contesting this type of sentence.
It is important to remember, that although the appeal on human rights grounds has been successful this does not stop judges giving life without parole sentences at the present time. What makes this a hot topic of debate is the upcoming sentence of the murderers of Fusilier Lee Rigby. Mr Justice Sweeny, who presided over the murder trial, has delayed sentencing until the appeal(s) for this type of sentence have been ruled upon.
In summary, whatever the outcome for the use of life without parole sentences the debate on whether life should mean life will continue to divide everyone in society rather than just those in the legal and political world.
For more information on this topic please use the following links:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-20520372
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