text:
var appPath = process.cwd() + '/app/';

// Dependencies
var request = require('request');
var fs = require('fs');
var colors = require('colors/safe');
var logger = require(appPath + 'server/logger.js');

// ====================================================================
// Config
// ====================================================================
var keys = require(appPath + 'config/keys.js');
var lol = require(appPath + 'config/lol/lol.js');
var versionConfig = appPath + 'config/lol/version.json';
var championData = 'downloads/champion.json';

// ====================================================================
// Variables
// ====================================================================
var priorityRequets = [];
var normalRequests = [];

// ====================================================================
// Helper Functions
// ====================================================================

/**
 * Adds the given request to the list of requests to be executed.
 * @param  {string}   url      Url to request.
 * @param  {boolean}  priority Flag to indicate if the request is important and thus must be executed as fast as possible.
 * @param  {Function} callback Callback to be executed after the request.
 */
var apiRequest = function(url, priority, callback) {
  'use strict';
  // Add the request to the queue
  if (priority) {
    priorityRequets.push({
      url: url,
      callback: callback
    });
  } else {
    normalRequests.push({
      url: url,
      callback: callback
    });
  }
  // Choose the next request to send. High priority request are done first.
  var requestUrl;
  if (priorityRequets.length > 0) {
    requestUrl = priorityRequets.shift().url;
  } else {
    requestUrl = normalRequests.shift().url;
  }
  // Send the request
  request.get(requestUrl, function(err, response, body) {
    if (err !== null) {
      logger.log(err.message, 'error', 'lol/controllers/ApiRequester - apiRequest');
      callback([{
        msg: err.message
      }], body);
    } else {
      var status;
      if (response.statusCode >= 200 && response.statusCode < 400) {
        status = colors.green(response.statusCode);
      } else {
        status = colors.red(response.statusCode);
      }
      logger.log(requestUrl + ' ' + status, 'apiRequest', 'lol/controllers/ApiRequester - apiRequest', body);
      // Decide on action based on the response
      if (response.statusCode === 404) {
        callback(404, body);
      } else if (response.statusCode === 429) {
        // retry if we recieved an 429, set timeout by recieved header
        setTimeout(apiRequest, response.headers['retry-after'] * 1000, url, priority, callback);
      } else if (response.statusCode === 500) {
        // retry if we recieved an 500, set timeout to 5 min
        setTimeout(apiRequest, 5 * 60 * 1000, url, priority, callback);
      } else {
        // return the retrieved data
        callback(null, body);
      }
    }
  });
};

// ====================================================================
// Main Functions
// ====================================================================

/**
 * Checks the config file for the current version and sends an update request if the version is older then 24 h.
 * @param {function()} callback - callback function to execute after the request
 */
exports.getStaticDataVersion = function(callback) {
  'use strict';
  var config = null;

  try {
    var data = fs.readFileSync(versionConfig);
    config = JSON.parse(data);
  } catch (err) {
    logger.log('There has been an error parsing your JSON.', 'error', 'lol/controllers/ApiRequester - getStaticDataVersion', err);
  }

  var diffHrs = 0;

  if (config !== null) {
    var today = new Date();
    // milliseconds between now & last update
    var diffMs = (today - new Date(config.lastUpdated));
    // hours between now & last update
    diffHrs = Math.round(diffMs / 1440000);
  }

  if (config === null || diffHrs > 24) {
    // Request the new version
    request.get(lol.apiStatic + 'v1.2/versions?api_key=' + keys.apiKey, function(error, response, body) {
      if (error !== null) {
        callback(null, error);
      } else {
        // Store the data
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        var version = data[0];
        var config = {
          version: version,
          lastUpdated: new Date()
        };

        // Save the data to a file
        fs.writeFile(versionConfig, JSON.stringify(config), function(err) {
          if (err) {
            logger.log('There has been an error saving your configuration data.', 'error', 'lol/controllers/ApiRequester - getStaticDataVersion', err);
            callback(null, err);
          } else {
            callback(config.version, null);
          }
        });
      }
    });
  } else {
    logger.log('Use saved data dragon version.', 'info', 'lol/controllers/ApiRequester - getStaticDataVersion');
    callback(config.version, null);
  }
};

/**
 * Download the current champion data from the data dragon and store it locally.
 * @param {function()} callback -  callback function to execute after the request
 */
exports.getChampionData = function(callback) {
  'use strict';
  // Get the current data dragon version
  exports.getStaticDataVersion(function(version) {
    // Send a request to get the data
    request.get(lol.dataDragonBase + version + lol.dataDragonUSData + 'champion.json', function(error, response, body) {
      if (error !== null) {
        callback(null, error);
      } else {
        var data = {
          championData: JSON.parse(body),
          lastUpdated: new Date()
        };
        // Store tha data locally
        fs.writeFile(championData, JSON.stringify(data), function(err) {
          if (err) {
            logger.log('There has been an error saving your champion data.', 'error', 'lol/controllers/ApiRequester - getStaticDataVersion', err);
            callback(err, data);
          } else {
            callback(null, data);
          }
        });
      }
    });
  });
};

// ====================================================================
// Functions to check a summoner and the champion masteries
// ====================================================================

/**
 * Takes a summonerName and retrives the corresponding summoner data from the League of Legends API-
 * @param  {String} summonerName  The summonerName according to the League of Legends API to request.
 * @param  {String} region        The region to query.
 * @param  {function()} callback    Callback to be executed when the operation finishes. Takes an error Object and the summoner data.
 */
exports.getSummonerByName = function(summonerName, region, callback) {
  'use strict';
  // Request to the lol api
  apiRequest(lol.regions[region].host + '/api/lol/' + region + '/v1.4/summoner/by-name/' + encodeURIComponent(summonerName) + '?api_key=' + keys.apiKey, true, function(err, body) {
    if (err === 404) {
      callback([{
        msg: "Summoner does not exist."
      }], null);
    } else {
      callback(null, JSON.parse(body)[summonerName.toLowerCase().replace(/ /g, '')]);
    }
  });
};

/**
 * Takes a summonerId and retrives the corresponding summoner data from the League of Legends API-
 * @param  {Integer} summonerId  The summonerId according to the League of Legends API to request.
 * @param  {String} region       The region to query.
 * @param  {function()} callback Callback to be executed when the operation finishes. Takes an error Object and the summoner data.
 */
exports.getSummonerById = function(summonerId, region, callback) {
  'use strict';
  // Request to the lol api
  apiRequest(lol.regions[region].host + '/api/lol/' + region + '/v1.4/summoner/' + summonerId + '?api_key=' + keys.apiKey, false, function(err, body) {
    if (err === 404) {
      callback([{
        msg: "Summoner does not exist."
      }], null);
    } else {
      callback(null, JSON.parse(body)[summonerId]);
    }
  });
};

/**
 * Get the current game for the given summonerId and region.
 * @param {Number} summonerId   The summonerId according to the League of Legends API to request.
 * @param {String} region       The region to query.
 * @param {function()} callback Callback to be executed when the operation finishes. Takes an error Object and the game data.
 */
exports.getCurrentGame = function(summonerId, region, callback) {
  'use strict';
  // Request to the lol api
  apiRequest(lol.regions[region].host + '/observer-mode/rest/consumer/getSpectatorGameInfo/' + lol.regions[region].platform + '/' + summonerId + '?api_key=' + keys.apiKey, true, function(err, body) {
    if (err !== 404) {
      callback([{
        msg: "There has been an error accessing the data."
      }], null);
    } else {
      callback(err, JSON.parse(body));
    }
  });
};

/**
 * Get the champion masteries for the given summoner.
 * @param {Object} summoner     The summoner object to query.
 * @param {function()} callback Callback to be executed when the operation finishes. Takes an error Object and the champion mastery data.
 */
exports.getMasteryBySummoner = function(summoner, callback) {
  'use strict';
  // Request to the lol api
  apiRequest(lol.regions[summoner.region].host + '/championmastery/location/' + lol.regions[summoner.region].platform + '/player/' + summoner.summonerId + '/champions?api_key=' + keys.apiKey, true, function(err, body) {
    if (err === 404) {
      callback([{
        msg: "Summoner does not exist."
      }], null);
    } else {
      callback(null, JSON.parse(body));
    }
  });
};


Thanks to Danielle Kemper for sending us this one.
The Thorn Hill Lake Drag Strip started as an airport for bootleggers.
Read a little more about the history at this site.
You can search YouTube for lots of contemporary videos.
(See the aerial of the abandoned airstrip at this site.
Thanks to Don Sturgeon for the heads up on the link.
St. Matthews Chapel is here.
as Smoky Row. Read one of them here.
(an earlier name for Kenton) is at this site.
A small collection of 1960's Kenton images.
Thanks to Danielle Kemper for this one.
We give you the absolutely perfect picture of summer.


text:
Defence & Strategy
6 killed, 13 injured in Metro bridge collapse in Delhi
Thread starter Payeng
Payeng
Daku Mongol Singh
6 killed, 13 injured in Metro bridge collapse in Delhi
NEW DELHI: Six persons, including an engineer, were killed and 13 others injured when an under-construction over-bridge of the Delhi Metro collapsed on Sunday, in the second such incident in eight months.
The accident took place as one of the pillars of the bridge gave in when a launcher was being erected close to Lady Sriram College in Dhamrudpur in Lajpat Nagar at around 5am.
"Five people have died. Of them - three were among the 15 workers who were taken to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Trauma Centre and the other two are still trapped under debris," Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) spokesperson Anuj Dayal told reporters here.
Rescue efforts were on till afternoon and civil defence personnel talked about at least 3 more bodies being buried in the debris. One body was clearly visible between the girdle launcher and the concrete piece.
The Delhi Metro attributed the accident to a "problem in the design" of the pillar. "We were trying to rectify it. There was a defect in the peer cap which caused the displacement," Dayal said.
The three have been identified as Ansuman, a site engineer and construction workers Niranjan and Badan Singh, while two others at AIIMS are in a critical condition, Dayal said.
The bridge was on the Central Secretariat to Badarpur corridor of the Delhi Metro which was slated to be completed by September 2010.
"The incident took place between pillars 66 and 67 when the pillar cap was affected. Ten segments were to be erected on the stretch of which five had been completed. When the sixth segment was being erected, the launching girder collapsed due to disbalance causing a portion of the bridge to fall," Dayal explained.
Thirty workers of Gammon India Ltd, DMRC's contractor at the site, were present of which 20 have been affected, Dayal said. Many of the injured were also taken to the nearby Moolchand Hospital and the Safdurjang hospital.
Construction site workers alleged that the pillars on which the bridge was to be hoisted were faulty.
"There were cracks in the pillar and we had warned the contractor and officials - but they paid no heed," said a construction labourer.
Said Balwinder Singh, a policemen facilitating rescue operations: "We have removed 16 people from the debris and they have been taken to hospital. Three people are still buried in the rubble - they were responding to us till 9.15 a.m. But now they are dead."
Mayor Kanwar Sain was present at the site and said: "The Delhi Metro projects are going at a fast pace and the quality of work is being compromised. An enquiry is necessary."
Sushil Choudhury, a resident of Vikram Vihar, adjacent to the construction site said that residents of the area were alarmed by the accident.
"I own a shop metres away from the spot - one miss and everything would have crashed down. I have doubts about how the Delhi Metro works now," said Chowdhury, a former MLA of the area.
Dayal said the rescue operations are being monitored by a team of 100 DMRC engineers and DMRC managing director E. Sreedharan was on his way from Bangalore.
"He will be visiting the site. Investigations are on," he said.
A Delhi Jal Board water supply pipe has also burst, causing severe flooding around the Blue Bellls International school.
"We have also temporarily disconnected the electricity lines in the area. Traffic has been diverted at the Kailash Colony market, Amar Colony, the nearby Lady Sri Ram College and Blue Bells School till 6.00am tomorrow (Monday)," Dayal said
Rescue operations are underway and six cranes as well as gas cutter machines have been put into use to get through the debris.
DMRC was scheduled to complete the 190-km Phase II of the Delhi Metro by October 2010 and construction was on in full swing to ensure that deadlines were met.
Chief minister Sheila Dikshit termed the incident as "unfortunate" and said a compensation package will be worked out in consultation with the Delhi Metro.
The DMRC will hold a press conference at 3pm to elaborate about the incident.
Local residents alleged the cracks were visible in the pillar that collapsed and work had been stopped for about 2 months to 'repair it'.
The work has restarted just a few days back. This is almost a re-run of the incident in east Delhi last year when a girdle launcher and a pre-fabricated piece fell on a bus killing 2 people.
Metro at that time had assured that such an incident would never happen again and had set up an inquiry.
Leader of Opposition V K Malhotra visited the site in the morning and alleged that delay in Commonwealth Games project was forcing Delhi government and DMRC to expedite the completion of the project, thereby compromising safety and resulting in deaths.
6 killed, 13 injured in Metro bridge collapse in Delhi - Delhi - City - NEWS - The Times of India
The license of such contractors should be canceled IMO. (
How the authority can approve such a defective plan which still needed to be ratified, suppose the whole project is completed and after that they detect a major defect. (
I pray before the almighty to rest the soul of the victims in peace.
I agree with you Payeng, In my opinion continuity of the license shall come under consideration of the authority probing the incidence.
If there's a design defect, shouldn't they have fixed it before they started construction? Have these people never heard of design simulation software? Such ridiculous excuses.
I think they probably used low grade steel or cement, which caused the collapse. This is what happens in the industry in India. Everyone wants to line their pockets, and no one gives a damn about the consequences of their greed. The contractors probably submitted a certain quote to the government, and then used inferior materials than the ones required, pocketing the difference. They probably also paid off the municipal officer responsible for inspections.
And now they blame design defects. Who will believe these idiots?
Member of The Month SEPTEMBER 2009
Probably the shoddiness on the workers part.if there is a design defect in the construction of the metro system all the bridges constructed and those operationalized should be examined for defects.
Brand new metro pillars
After a few months
I think these organizations whose posters have appeared on public property should be sued for vandalism and the courts should fine them lakhs of rupees per poster. But we all know that will not happen as all the political parties do it and none will want any restrictions on unbridled advertising, so those in power will never act on such things.
Arjak
And dilo ka saher delhi is hosting Commonwealth games next year......nothing more to say.....half roads and flyovers incomplete,the ones compleated are falling apart like this(few months ago a underconstruction flyover also broke down),jawaharlal nehru stadium not even 50% finished(revamption)......well ,i'm feeling very depressed this days
I-G
RIP .... Government should take action and make those companies to give compension fast .
DMRC chief Sreedharan resigns
Accepting moral responsibility of the bridge collapse, Delhi Metro Rail Commission (DMRC) chief E Sreedharan on Sunday tendered his resignation to Delhi Chief Minister Shiela Dikshit. "I am not directly connected with the accident but as the head of this project I take full moral responsibility and resign as MD of DMRC."
Sreedharan also announced that a five member panel will probe the mishap in South Delhi. "I feel pain and remorse for the accident. This is a more serious accident than the Lakshmi Nagar mishap."
He, however, said that someone should take technical responsibility.
He mentioned the members who will be part of the panel that will probe the mishap-A.K. Nagpal, (a civil engineer professor at IIT), B R Bose, professor at (Delhi College of Engineering), Steve Lawrie, Rajan Kataria (Head of Design DMRC).
He said that this accident will cause delay of the project in South Delhi by at least three months and the estimated damage is expected around about six crore.
The Centre today said it will examine the causes of the collapse of an under-construction bridge of the Delhi Metro..
The Centre's announcement came soon after the DMRC chief E Sreedharan ordered a probe
The last major accident at a metro site was nine months back. Soon after that the metro chief had observed that engineers need to be spending more time at construction sites. He had also ordered a slew of changes in the procedures being followed.
But the metro seems to be losing the plot in its deadline-obsessison. No wonder then the changes he tried enforcing didn't take effect. This despite Metro Chief owning up every mishap that the metro endures.
Meanwhile, reacting to Sreedharan's move of resignation, Delhi government has ruled out that it will not take any hasty decision.
Indiatoday
thakur_ritesh
its a sad day for dmrc and what would be another blow to the whole project would be if mr sreedharan, a highly committed person and a tough task master is made the fall guy.
yes, the pace of work has picked up and there are deadlines to be followed which needs to be completed prior to the start of commonwealth games and this line extending to bardarpur connecting faridabad is one such line, but no way this can be allowed to be an excuse to get away with inferior stuff being used and built.
5lives have been lost, 15 more fighting for survival, there is loss to public property and this part of the project faces a delay of 3months, hopefully the chaps who are really responsible are made to face the consequences.
a committee to look into the matter has been appointed consisting of some eminent people and it is best the judgment part is left to them of what really went wrong, but hopefully they come out with their report quick enough and people responsible are taken to task.
a sad day indeed.
RIP to the people.
I have so far never seen any one being punished for such lapse and I don't see that happening in this case either. Sad but true.
Shock and disbelief over Sreedharan resignation - Politics/Nation-News-The Economic Times
Shock and disbelief over Sreedharan resignation
12 Jul 2009, 1917 hrs IST, IANS
NEW DELHI: Delhi Metro officials could not believe what they had heard.
Camera persons, photographers and reporters had swamped the eighth floor of the Metro Bhavan at Barakhamba Road where Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) managing director E Sreedharan was supposed to brief on Sunday's tragedy, the worst mishap in its history.
At 3.00 pm sharp Sreedharan emerged calm and composed from the restricted entry side of the conference room, where he had met with senior DMRC officials.
After clarifying details of the incident and expressing his remorse over the situation amid media frenzy, the Metro chief suddenly dropped the bomb and announced his resignation.
"I have been in charge of the Metro for the past 10 years. I take full moral responsibility for the accident, and having taken the full responsibility I resign (from the post the managing director) of the Delhi Metro," Sreedharan said.
And an awkward silence fell over the conference room for a few minutes before some reporters asked him to clarify what that meant. Was he trying to divert attention from the incident?
"I have taken responsibility as the head of the organisation. Whose fault it is, is immaterial at this point...The incident may be because of the contractor, the designers or supervisors but that doesn't take away that the entire responsibility is of the DMRC - so as its head I resign."
He added that if it was just the "first instance" he would not have taken the drastic step.
"This is a repetition of the incident in October 2008. That was a major jolt but this is more serious and an even bigger jolt."
He clarified that there was absolutely "no pressure" from officials at DMRC and that moments before when he decided to submit his resignation to Delhi Chief Minister Shiela Dikshit and Lieutenant
Governor Tejinder Khanna, his peers and colleagues had told him to reconsider.
"Normally I don't go against their advice but I told them not to intervene this time."
He said: "Perhaps, if I quit and the new man comes in - it may be a setback to the projects but my personal conviction about this can not be compromised on."
Sreedharan, 77, has been at the helm of affairs of the DMRC as since November 1997 and has been instrumental in the completion of most projects within the budget and well ahead of schedule.
Junior officials of Metro's media cell weren't aware of the decision. Tears rolled down many employees' faces after the initial shock sank in.
"We came thinking this would be a normal incident report in which MD sir would order an enquiry . This is totally unexpected," a DMRC official, who did not want to be named, said.
Another official said: "We did not think such a drastic step would be taken. I hope he reconsiders. The way DMRC works is at stake."
As Sreedharan left the room, reporters asked what would happen to Delhi Metro's pending projects and its employees, to which he replied: "I know many people will be demoralized in DMRC. But no one is indispensable in any organisation - there are more competent people."
He also said he had not spoken to the chief minister and that it was "too premature" to comment on what his future role in DMRC would be.
Sreedharan has been responsible for the construction of the Metro rail project, the modern mass transport system in the national capital that has brought relief to tens of thousands of commuters every day in this crowded city of 17 million people.
The Delhi Metro boasts of having used the most advanced technology in the field of civil, electrical, signalling and telecommunication engineering worldwide.
venkat
May be sreedharan sahab might have been coerced to give the contracts to influential contractors. he might have offered his resignation in disgust!
Delhi CM rejects DMRC chief Sreedharan's resignation - Delhi - City - NEWS - The Times of India
Delhi CM rejects DMRC chief Sreedharan's resignation
TIMESOFINDIA.COM 12 July 2009, 09:53pm IST
NEW DELHI: Taking full responsibility for the Metro bridge collapse in Delhi on Sunday, DMRC chief E Sreedharan on Sunday announced his resignation, however Delhi chief minister Sheila Dikshit has refused to accept it.
Rescue operation is in progress after a Delhi Metro
Rail Corporation flyover collapsed in New Delhi.
(Reuters)
"Technically, someone else should take the responsibility but I have decided to quit," said the DMRC chief on Sunday afternoon.
Sreedharan announced his decision at a crowded press conference, soon after his visit to the site of the collapse of an under-construction bridge of Delhi Metro in south Delhi's Lajpat Nagar.
"As the head of the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation, I take moral responsibility for the incident...So I have decided to resign and I have put in papers and I have sent it to Lt Governor Tejinder Khanna and Delhi Chief Minister Sheila Dikshit," he said.
According to PTI, asked whether his decision will delay the Metro projects which are scheduled to be completed before the Commonwealth Games, he said, "The views you are making may be correct but my personal conviction in this matter cannot be compromised."
Delhi Government had said it was not for taking any hasty decision on the resignation of Sreedharan.
"We are not to take any hasty decision on the resignation of Sreedharan," said P K Tripathi, Principal Secretary to Chief Minister.
A four-member committee will probe the collapse of an under-construction Delhi Metro span, IANS reported.
"The four-member committee will inquire into the accident and will submit its report within 10 days," Sreedharan told reporters.
The members of the probe committee are A K Nagpal of the Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, and two officials from DMRC – Rajan Kataria, head of design cell, and Steven Lowry, project director for general construction. B R Bose of the Delhi College of Engineering is the only woman member of the committee, IANS said.
Earlier in the day, six persons, including an engineer, were killed and 13 others injured when an under-construction over-bridge of the Delhi Metro collapsed, in the second such incident in eight months.
The accident took place as one of the pillars of the bridge gave in when a launcher was being erected close to Lady Sriram College in Lajpat Nagar at around 5am.
Delhi: another mishap at Metro site, 3 cranes topple
YouTube - Delhi: another mishap at Metro site, 3 cranes topple
Another mishap at Delhi metro sight
Three cranes collapsed at the Delhi metro sight while removing the debris from the sunday accident sight. This is the second mishap in last 24 hrs leaving 4 more people injured.
Delhi Chief Minister Sheila Dikshit has said an inquiry commission will be set up to probe into the matter.
Earlier five metro workers and an engineer were killed and 15 injured after a launching girder gave way at a construction site in south Delhi. DMRC Managing Director E Sreedharan resigned within hours taking moral responsibility, but Chief Minister Sheila Dikshit rejected the offer.
The septuagenarian Metro chief flew back from outside Delhi following the accident and, after a brief inspection of the site, made a dramatic announcement of his resignation at a news conference.
"I am facing you with a great deal of pain and remorse," Sreedharan said. "I take full moral responsibility of today's incident and thereby resign. I have sent my resignation letter to the Chief Minister and the Lieutenant Governor."
"Before I entered this chamber, I took the decision to resign and all my senior colleagues advised me not to take this decision. I normally don't go against their advice, but this time I have asked them not to interfere."
Late in the evening, Dikshit announced, "We have decided not to accept the resignation of E Sreedharan."
PTI quoted an unnamed top official as saying, "At this time, we cannot let him go. That is why it was decided not to accept his resignation. He is a person of integrity."
The chief minister's principal secretary PK Tripathy had earlier said that Sreedharan was a "very emotional person", and that the government would not take a "hasty decision" on the issue. A spokesman for the L-G had said the decision on accepting his resignation would have to be taken "at a political level".
Sreedharan was not immediately available for a comment.
The resignation of India's celebrated 'Metro Man' was triggered by the worst-ever mishap in the history of the Delhi Metro, on the upcoming Central Secretariat-Badarpur line of Phase II of the project, at around 5 am. Two people had died in a similar accident on October 19, 2008 at Vikas Marg in east Delhi.
Sreedharan described today's accident as a "bigger blot". "For ten years we have maintained a high standard of work atmosphere at the construction sites. What happened last year was a blot on DMRC but we feel this is a bigger blot and a more serious incident," he said.
The 77-year-old Kerala-born engineer-administrator who has been at the helm of the Metro project since 1997, said that the "dimension and complexity" of the project notwithstanding, the loss of lives was unacceptable.
"Projects of this dimension and complexity have never been attempted before. There were accidents even in Phase I but not of this gravity. But people have had high expectations and image of DMRC. Whether it is a small incident or not, an accident is an accident. I can take a challenge that no other organisation has such high standards of safety. We are still high on our standards but one casualty is still too many for DMRC," Sreedharan said.
Asked if the Metro's remarkable record of finishing projects on time universally admired across India and in many countries abroad would be affected by his resignation, he said: "Perhaps if a new man comes that may have a setback to the project but my personal conviction about this cannot be compromised. No one is indispensable in any organisation and there are more competent people in the industry."
"My successor will be decided by the Delhi government. This may not be my mistake but as the head of the organisation I have to take responsibility and I think it is right to resign."
Through the hours between Sreedharan's press conference and Dikshit's statement, DMRC officials speculated on the fate of Metro projects should their boss leave, with a consensus emerging that they would almost certainly suffer. The Indraprastha-Noida line is slated to open in August, the Inderlok- Mundka line in November and the Yamuna Bank-Anand Vihar line in December.
Sreedharan, who put DMRC on the world map Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Ireland, Syria and Vietnam have sought the corporation's expertise is associated with several other Metro projects in the country, including the Mumbai Metro, the high-speed railway link from Bangalore's city centre to the airport, and Kolkata's new Metro project.
He is also a member of the working group on urban transport including mass rapid transport systems for the 11th Five Year Plan under the urban development ministry. He was earlier on a high-profile panel that helped a Committee of Secretaries look into the privatization of Delhi and Mumbai airports.
Second Metro mishap: Core juggernaut on shaky ground- Politics/Nation-News-The Economic Times
Second Metro mishap: Core juggernaut on shaky ground
14 Jul 2009, 0239 hrs IST, TK Arun, ET Bureau
NEW DELHI: Monday's crane mishap at the Delhi Metro site where the day before a span of the elevated track under construction had come crashing down, as the pillar on which it rested couldn't take its weight, makes it the third construction accident in the last six months for the Delhi Metro, India's vaunted showpiece for engineering excellence.
The response to the accident reflected popular attitudes to accidents: the rush to affix blame, own up moral responsibility, institute inquiries. All this is fine, but we need to go beyond. These accidents raise important systemic issues about engineering, cutting across know-how, ethics, organisational structure, adequate budgeting and institutionalisation of safety norms, going beyond any specific project or leadership, howsoever competent.
As the Indian economy shifts gears to a higher pace of growth, sophisticated construction becomes a vital ingredient of the process. Bridging the infrastructural deficit is a huge commercial opportunity — and a mammoth engineering challenge. The task is to institutionalise safety and quality, and prevent accidents that can turn into disasters, given the scale and interconnectedness of some pieces of modern industrial/urban infrastructure.
Proactive regulation, laying down of standards and their enforcement are things that need to go beyond routine matters of form. The framework exists, the job is to make it operative. Things are a whole lot worse when it comes to performing the post-mortem on a major accident.
Accident inquiries have to proceed at two levels. Right now, the focus is solely on finding out the cause/culprit and imposing a penalty. This is important and the penalty imposed must be stiff. The legal process of establishing culpability should have a finite time horizon, rather than extend over decades.
The second level of inquiry that we are yet to institutionalise in India has to go beyond specific culpability to systemic reasons for the occurrence of an accident. These range from the sociology of man-machine interface and managerial practices in project execution to deficits of ethics, know-how and funds for detailed iterations of alternate scenarios of engineering stress to be overcome.
Tackling this challenge is far more important, when it comes to preventing future accidents. Someone in the government has to rise above departmental divides over jurisdiction and take charge of institutionalising such inquiries.
Establishing legal and financial accountability of contractors for accidents is an obvious part of the solution. Mandating disaster insurance, covering penal damages as well, would jack up costs, but ensure that insurance companies keep an independent tab on design, standards, materials and execution.
The stock market is playing its role in this matter as well. Gammon, the Delhi Metro contractor at whose work sites this week's accidents happened, has been pummelled on the markets.
Concerns have gone up in distant locations as well. The collapse of the viaduct at the Delhi Metro has raised safety issues in similar infrastructure projects. In Mumbai, the recently-opened Bandra-Worli Sea Link has been in focus as it diverts a large portion of a busy traffic from the main arterial road, over the sea.
When contacted, a spokesperson for HCC, the company that built the sea link, said company engineers tasked with the work, follow a strict safety protocol.
"Construction of the remaining four lanes of the sea link is still underway and we are strictly adhering to the safety protocol. HCC has maintained safety standards all through the construction of the sea link and this is evident from the fact that not a minor mishap has happened in the last four years even though construction at times had to be carried out in rough sea conditions," the spokesperson added.
A top official at the Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation (MSRDC), Maharashtra government's nodal agency for the Bandra Worli Sea Link project, also told ET that the agency had insisted on highest safety standards being followed by HCC.
The officials of the Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation (BMRCL) have stepped up the monitoring and quality checks on their ongoing work following the tragic mishap in Delhi, according to a spokesperson.
However, the BMRCL has maintained that the safety measures are already in place and they only taking additional precautionary step. The Bangalore Metro will be running across a stretch of 33 km, of which only 6.76 km being underground.
The Bangalore Metro project has witnessed five accidents in the last seven months which claimed three lives and injuring around four people. Most of these accidents occurred during the demolition of old structures and mishaps in construction material.
As construction assumes greater complexity and speed, the need for institutionalising safety becomes all the more urgent.
(With inputs from our Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore bureaus)
Mumbai Metro officials to learn lessons from Delhi crash - Mumbai - City - NEWS - The Times of India
Mumbai Metro officials to learn lessons from Delhi crash
Ashley D'Mello, TNN 14 July 2009, 02:38am IST
MUMBAI: The Mumbai Metro One management hopes to learn valuable lessons from Sunday's Delhi Metro bridge crash accident in which six persons were killed.
MM1 director, K P Maheshwari said, "Once the review of the Delhi Metro Rail accident is out, we will be in touch with them to find out what exactly went wrong. We are willing to incorporate any changes which will benefit the safety environment on our project, even though the construction process we are following is different.''
Explaining the difference Maheshwari said, "Delhi is following the segmented approach, constructing the Metro in small segments while we will be getting large pre-cast girders and putting them up by cranes.''
Maheshwari said their consultants, Parsons Brinkerhoff as well as Systema advise them on safety standards. In keeping with international standards, they have appointed an independent third party safety auditor, Bureau Veritas, is an internationally recognised safety firm. "All our contractors have to comply with safe practices of construction,'' he said.
Some safety procedures they follow include ensuring that all heavy machinery like piling rigs and cranes are checked daily before putting them to use. "All equipment has to have automatic safe load indicators, safety alarms and other safety devices which are mandatory requirement,'' they said.
Vinod2070
मध्यस्थ
Condolences to the family members of the victims.
http://www.ptinews.com/news/187071_Mishap-at-Metro-site-in-New-Delhi--one-killed
Mishap at Metro site in New Delhi, one killed
STAFF WRITER 9:0 HRS IST
New Delhi, Jul 22 (PTI) Yet another mishap struck the Delhi Metro when a labourer was killed after a girder fell on him at an under-construction metro site in west Delhi early this morning.
The incident took place at 5.45 am at Ashoka Park in Punjabi Bagh area when the labourer was hit by a girder which was being lifted.
"The labourer was guarding the beam when it hit his shoulder," DMRC Chief Public Relations Officer Anuj Dayal said, adding that he was rushed to a nearby hospital where he succumbed to his injuries.
Dayal clarified that there was no structural collapse in the incident.
This is the third accident in the last two weeks at metro construction sites in the national capital which raises questions over safety at such sites.
S Quetta: 3 FC Balochistan soldiers killed many injured in blast Pakistan 5 Nov 25, 2017
S 3 Pakistanis killed 15 injured in Latest Bomb blast Pakistan 4 Sep 18, 2017
6 FC personnel killed, 3 injured in IED explosion in Balochistan's Harnai district Pakistan 1 Aug 15, 2017
Blast targeting army personnel kills 15, injures several in Quetta Pakistan 2 Aug 13, 2017
Quetta: 3 FC Balochistan soldiers killed many injured in blast
3 Pakistanis killed 15 injured in Latest Bomb blast
6 FC personnel killed, 3 injured in IED explosion in Balochistan's Harnai district
Blast targeting army personnel kills 15, injures several in Quetta
WARREN SS
Wuhan Coronavirus Thread
Nicky G
Memes & Jokes India China Standoff 2020
12arya

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The 27-year-old Rochester woman died after being held at the holding center for 17 days in 2016.
The family of India Cummings, a Rochester woman who died at the Erie County Holding Center in 2016, claims in a federal lawsuit that Erie County Sheriff's Office officials ignored Cummings' mental health issues and wrongly brought criminal charges against her.
Cummings' actions and "bizarre behavior" showed that "she lacked the requisite mental state in order to be held criminally liable for her actions," alleges the federal lawsuit, which was filed this week.
Cummings' family is already suing the city of Lackawanna and Erie County Sheriff Timothy Howard, claiming that she was denied proper medical care.
Cummings, who was 27, died after being held at the holding center for 17 days. The state's Commission of Correction, the agency that investigates jail and prison deaths, called Cummings' treatment at the Holding Center "so grossly incompetent and inadequate so as to shock the conscience" and said her death should be ruled a homicide due to medical neglect.
The state's attorney general is now investigating the death.
Cummings, who attended Wilson Magnet High School, was arrested after allegedly stealing a car in Lackawanna. She was then living in the city.
According to the state report, Cummings died Feb. 21, 2016, of a massive pulmonary embolism resulting from acute renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, dehydration and an untreated broken arm.
She had been in custody of the Erie County sheriff at the Erie County Holding Center from Feb. 1 to 17 after being arrested by Lackawanna Police.
Deputies and others ignored the need to treat Cummings' broken arm, despite pleas from other inmates.
Cummings demonstrated "bizarre behavior" after arriving at the holding center, showing the need for "psychiatric care."
Deputies ignored the fact that Cummings was "babbling incoherently, self-harming, and not eating or drinking with any sense of regularity" and charged her with disorderly conduct, harassment and obstructing governmental administration.
Two days after arriving at the facility, Cummings had "an urgent referral for mental health treatment" because of her behavior and an altercation with deputies, but she was transferred to a non-medical disciplinary unit.
Cummings was also charged with assault on a police officer and other assault charges after the altercation with deputies. However, she lacked "the requisite culpable mental state" to be held responsible for crimes.
Includes reporting by staff writer Meaghan M. McDermott.


Wharfedale incorporates the charming cobbled village of Grassington, the beauty spot of Bolton Abbey, and fine shopping in Ilkley.
Perhaps one of the most beautiful of all the dales which encompasses quaint villages, great shopping and stunning beauty spots such as the River Wharfe which offers a perfect backdrop for walks and picnics, and excellent fishing opportunities.
At Ghaistrill's Strid, near Grassington, a fast flowing section of the river swirls in pools among the bizarrely eroded limestone, and further downstream the river is forced through a narrow gorge at The Strid near Bolton Abbey - both well worth a look.
A traditional afternoon tea at Bettys in Ilkely is a treat not to be missed.


text:
Allstars Around The World #2
The Northern Allstars diaspora now extends across the globe, with Messrs Yarrow, Langeveld, Jackson, Jones, Waters, Perrin, and Holburn residing (as at February 2009) in Chicago, Australia, South Africa, Spain, Los Angeles, Malaysia, and Aberdeen, respectively. Indeed, Duncan has made it his own personal life mission to spread Allstars' folklore to the heathen nations, also clocking up Sweden, Poland, Turkey, Italy, Azerbaijan, and Libya in his travels. Remarkably, Duncan has departed voluntarily from most of these countries.
Jack and Graham took 'The Shirt' to some famous peaks in 2008.
Please email the WebMaster with your 'Allstars on location' shirt photos.
Courchevel, France, 2008
Courchevel is the ski area located in the Savoie region of the French Alps, and part of Les Trois Vallées, the largest linked ski area in the world.
Jack and full Allstars kit on the piste.
Lions Head, Cape Town, South Africa, 2008
Lion's Head is the mountain located in Cape Town, South Africa, between Table Mountain and Signal Hill. Lion's Head peaks at 669 metres (2,195 ft) above sea level. The peak forms part of a dramatic backdrop to the city of Cape Town and is part of the Table Mountain National Park.
Graham takes the Allstars' shirt to the southernmost tip of Africa.
Pages: 1, 2, 3, 4
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To return to the home page, click here.


For the past two months, I did something rather incredible — I stopped taking photos. Granted, I indulge in a similar (albeit somewhat shorter) sabbatical every couple of years, so perhaps this doesn't appear so inconceivable on the surface. But this recent leave was actually quite different from all those previous. It wasn't triggered by nihilism, doubt or self-loathing. Instead, I took two months off simply because I felt like playing music more than I felt like taking photos.
Some of you may wonder how one activity precludes the other, but I'm one of those 'all or nothing' guys. Either I give myself fully to something or I don't give at all. I'm not a dabbler. I'm an obsessive, obstinate, indefatigable perfectionist. In my book, half-efforts are indistinguishable from no effort at all.
Not surprisingly, there's a world of difference between choosing not to take photos and being driven there by existential anguish. For the first time in a decade, I would leave the apartment without strapping a camera to my wrist. Contrast this with my previous sabbaticals, during which I continued to compulsively carry a camera — looking, hoping, longing for some small glint of inspiration that would pull me from my despondent photographic quagmire. But now, there was no quagmire — and thus no neurotic need for the security of a camera.
I fully expected such blithe disregard for photography to eat at my soul, but no such erosion occurred. I was far too distracted by life's sounds, rhythms and intricately accidental harmonies to concentrate on any of its visual aspects. I thought briefly of Garry Winogrand's famous comment that "there are no pictures when I reload," and repurposed it as "there are no pictures when I don't have a camera." How could there be? My photos are a direct result of what I see. If I'm not looking, then I'm not seeing. And if I'm not seeing, there can be no photos.
After two months of sating my musical fixations, I was ready to re-engage with photography. I felt good — energized; enthused; inspired. I grabbed a camera and hit the streets.
And so I started all over again at what felt like 'square one.' It was frustrating that after only a two month leave, I now found it difficult to find a scene's more understated elements, or anticipate the shifting dynamics of my environment — and such frustration began to play with my mind and with my confidence. Are my capabilities really this fleeting? Are they gone for good? Does it even matter?
And then René Burri died.
At the risk of being misunderstood, it wasn't so much Burri's death that propelled me into a state of melancholia — we all must pass, and his was a full, rewarding and purposeful life — it was the aftermath. Specifically, it was the collective shrug offered by the photographic community.
The fact many mainstream news outlets didn't report Burri's passing didn't really bother me — after all, it's not like any of them still have photojournalists on staff. So how could they possibly know that one of the greats had died?
Nor was I necessarily troubled by those news organizations that did report Burri's death, but deemed it significantly less important than Renée Zellweger's plastic surgery — I've lived long enough to accept that humans are an inherently inane species.
No, what bothered me were all the photography outlets that should have known better; that should have cared; that should have respected not just Mr. Burri's life's work, but the principles and poetry inherent in the images he shot. To me, René Burri was the consummate "photographer's photographer" — the sort who didn't believe that a successful photo was one that looked good hanging over the sofa but, instead, was one that made you think — and not in an obvious way, but in a subtle "works its way into your subconscious over time" way. This is one of the things I admired most about René Burri: the fact I could look at his photos again and again and, years later, find new nuances and meanings that I hadn't previously noticed.
And to think I actually once thought highly enough of photographers to classify René Burri as "their" photographer. If these are the sort of tributes offered by his peers, what hope is there for photography's future? Why do I bother? Why am I torturing myself to regain my mastery of subtlety when the master himself, René Burri, is so easily dismissed simply for wearing a turquoise shirt and a fedora?
But on further consideration, I remembered that quality and appreciation have little to do with one another. The fact that Burri is, I believe, under-appreciated by the current generation of photographers does not, in any way, diminish or alter the work he did. It's there for all of us to see — whether we choose to look is up to us.
And with that, my sabbatical ended. If René Burri taught me anything, it's that we all have a legacy to complete — even if much of the world will only shrug.
"Allegory 1" was shot with a Leica IIIc and a 50mm f/2 Summar lens at ISO 320 on Tri-X, which I developed in Rodinal 1:50. "Allegory 2" was shot with an Olympus OM-D E-M1 and a 60mm f/2.8 Macro lens (it was belching rain, and this is my only "weather sealed" body/lens combination). "Allegory 3" (in case it's not obvious) is a "selfie." I shot it with my trusty Ricoh GR. "Allegory 4″" was shot with a Leica M2 and a Voigtlander 50mm f/1.5 Nokton lens at ISO 400 on Tri-X, which I developed in HC-110 Dilution H. Perhaps this is a good time to mention just how silly it is that I include this data with every post — it's not like these photos exhibit a level of technical perfection that would inspire others to emulate them. Mostly, I'm just lucky if I get my subject somewhat in focus and am able to frame some semblance of a composition.
I wasn't tracking the lack of comment or interest on Buri's passing (we had a CBC/celebrity scandal to take up all of the available the news time). But I was once again made aware, with his passing, of how much I admire his work and his way of working. A great man who made great photographs. Along with Ray K. Metzker, who also died recently, Mr. Buri produced work that should always inspire us to make more interesting images, in a thoughtful way.
She's pretty unrecognisable now, don't you think?
I like Allegory 3 – an inspired selfie, and nice nod to the late Mr Buri with the fedora.
I really really like Allegory 2.


Before you use this feature, verify that the Flash URL Redirection feature is installed and running on your virtual desktops.
The Flash URL Redirection feature must be present on every desktop where you intend to support multicast or unicast redirection. For Horizon Agent installation instructions, see "Silent Installation Properties for Horizon Agent" in the Setting Up Virtual Desktops in Horizon 7 document.
Start a remote desktop session that uses PCoIP.
Verify that the ViewMPServer.exe process is running on the desktop.


When it comes to songwriting, no one can compare to Tom Petty. As a solo artist and lead singer of the Heartbreakers, he sold more than 80 million records during his career. He is one of the legends of classic American rock, renowned for having the perfect mix of a southern drawl, down to earth lyrics and heavy guitar riffs.
Hailing from Florida, at the age of 13 Petty was inspired to create his first band, the Sundowners, after seeing The Beatles perform on the Ed Sullivan show. This led him to his next band, Mudcrutch, who split in 1975 following the release of only one single. The remaining members, however, went on to become the iconic Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, with a career of over 40 years, and whose hits such as I Need to Know affirmed their place in rock and roll history.
In September 2017, the band performed their final live show together, just one week before Petty's untimely death, aged just 66. Yet, while his time on earth ended too soon, his legacy as the creator of Free Fallin', I Won't Back Down, and American Girl lives on forever.


The world's third largest tobacco company Japan Tobacco has had to recall 150,000 cases of its peach-flavoured soft drink after it was discovered it contained small doses of the banned substances propyl alcohol and butyl alcohol. The recal lwill cost the company close to Y500m (US$4m). The ingredients are made by Fuji Flavor, a JT subsidiary.


The Pfister 811 is a supercar featured in GTA Online as part of the continuation of the Further Adventures in Finance and Felony update. The supercar is mainly based on the Porsche 918, seen prominently in the overall body shape, front curvature, and rear engine bay cover, while the rear fascia and rear lights are based on the Koenigsegg Regera. The name "811" is clearly a pun on the Porsche 918 and Porsche 911.
On the rear of the car, curved rear lights are positioned below the rear duct with the manufacturer labeled in chrome writing in between them. Beneath is a 6-bladed carbon-fibre diffuser which is positioned in between the two rear quarter panels which curve from the sides of the vehicle. The entire rear fascia is based within an inset arche finished in carbon fiber. The inset design is similar to that of the Lampadati Furore GT.
The Pfister 811 performance well on the whole. Given a light body weight, all wheel drive, and great aerodynamics, the car has extreme acceleration, beating almost all motorcycles and supercars. According to files, the vehicle's the top speed is on par with the Progen T20, being the joint-third fastest car in the game (according to raw data in the files). In reality, when observed it is seen to be even faster than the Bravado Banshee 900R, Grotti X80 Proto and Truffade Adder. The Pfister 811 also has nippy handling, allowing the car to corner quickly, however at high speed, the car suffers severe understeer, and braking too quickly sometimes causes the back end of the car to slip out.
Grilles, skirts, spoilers, diffusers and splitters.


I was doing my reading in my new plan from the Youversion Bible App and I hit one of my favorite passages, 2 Corinthians 5.
I love this. God could have used anything, anything to spread the Gospel. But he chose to use us. WE are the ministers of reconciliation. We are ambassadors for Christ. God chooses to work through us, to make his appeal for reconcilation to himself through us.
Want to know why I do the ministry work I do? Because we are ambassadors for Christ. I am a minister of reconciliation.
This week I signed a contract with a distributor for Peculiar.
This is new to me, so it's very early to be writing about this. But I wanted to share how that happened.
I started trying to shop the show a year ago, before we had a show. I met a distributor through a friend at last year's NRB Convention. I didn't even have a pilot then, just the preview video and an idea. They were polite, but not interested, because I didn't have anything yet.
Then I saw the same folks at last year's ICVM conference which was in Orlando in Summer of 2012. I had a pilot then. They were nice enough, but with just a 20 minute pilot, there was nothing for them yet.
Without a product, it's not worth their time to talk to a new, unknown video producer. I was trying to build a relationship, but they deal with so many producers, it's hard to be remembered.
So, when I got a product, and had the DVD close to finished, I sent them a pre- pre- release copy. A week or so later I checked to make sure they had received it. They had.
Here's the second thing, just because you have talked to someone about your show or movie doesn't mean that they will sign you.
After I finished the DVD, I decided that I wouldn't wait to hear a negative back from the first company. They are great folks, they do good work. I'm guessing they just didn't feel the show was a fit for them.
Third, there are a lot of distributors out there.
I sent out emails to every decent Christian video distributor I could find online. Some I had heard of, some I hadn't.
The email had several parts: Greeting, why I was writing to them, what I had to offer, an analysis of the current and potential audience for the show, What our future plans were and the website where the content could be viewed.
I heard back from two. One asked for a copy of the DVD (but it felt like a general request more than genuine interest). The other had seen the shows online, and offered a contract immediately. Since this was new for me, I had quite a few questions.
After everything had been explained, I took a few days to pray about it. I asked some others to join me. In the meantime, I also found out more about the company from folks who know it.
So we signed the deal, and now are working toward a Summer retail release.


text:
Crime Victims Center opens new pilot drop-in…
Crime Victims Center opens new pilot drop-in locations
By Daily Local | dailylocal@dailylocal.com |
West Chester >> The Crime Victims Center of Chester County, Inc., Chester County's victim advocacy agency located in downtown West Chester, has walk-in intake hours from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday at their West Chester office. CVC has established pilot drop-in centers across the county for even greater access. The drop-in centers have designated weekly times for individuals to come to that location and speak with a CVC representative, learn about the agency's services, and discuss their specific situation.
"Transportation can be a huge issue for potential clients coming to see us in downtown West Chester so we have established this pilot program in Phoenixville, Oxford, Kennett Square, and Coatesville areas and we are excited to partner with other nonprofit agencies to expand our reach," explained Christine Zaccarelli, Esquire, CEO of CVC.
The CVC drop-in locations and schedule is as follows: Orion Communities on Tuesdays from 12:30 to 2:30 p.m. (Phoenixville); Oxford Area Neighborhood Services Center on Thursdays from 9 to 11 a.m. (Oxford); Kennett Area Community Services on Thursdays from 11:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. (Kennett Square); and Coatesville Community Health Center at MCHC on Thursdays from 12:30 to 2:30 p.m. (Coatesville).
"Opening our doors to CVC provides a critical resource to our most vulnerable neighbors in northern Chester County," shared Kris Keller, Executive Director of Orion Communities in Phoenixville.
"We are happy to have Crime Victims join our center to provide greater access to their services for those who have been victims in the Coatesville area. They will complement the network of providers and services we currently have within our center to provide a greater level of unified support and care for those in need," said Kathryn Spurlock, Director of the Coatesville Center for Community Health.
Those who have been victimized by a crime in Chester County can reach out to CVC at any time through their 24-hour hotlines (610-692-7273 or 610-692-7420). They can also take advantage of the new drop-in center schedule at the above locations that is now in effect.
Daily Local


text:
Q: Passing Post request through postman for has_many association in rails I am a new learner and need some help. I have two models (which I generated through scaffold). Category and Product.
  class Category
   include Mongoid::Document
   field :name, type: String

   has_many :products
   accepts_nested_attributes_for :products
 end

 class Product
   include Mongoid::Document
   include Mongoid::Paperclip
   include Mongoid::Timestamps::Created

   field :name, type: String
   field :description, type: String
   field :prize ,type: Integer
   field :category_id
   field :user_id

has_mongoid_attached_file :avatar,
  :styles => {
      :thumb => "150x150#",
      :small  => "150x150>",
      :medium => "550x550#{}" }

belongs_to :user
belongs_to :category
end

My Category controller
# POST /categories.json
 def create
    @category = Category.new(category_params)

    respond_to do |format|
      if @category.save
        format.html { redirect_to @category, notice: 'Category was successfully created.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @category }
      else
        format.html { render :new }
        format.json { render json: @category.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end

    end

 def category_params
      params.require(:category).permit(:name,product_attributes: [ :name, :description,:prize ,:category_id])
    end

  end

My json format
{

    "name":"Mens Clothing",
    "products_attributes": [
        {

            "name":"Denim jeans",
            "Description": "test test test"
            "prize":1000,
            "user_id":1,
        }
    ]
}

Now my question is when I am trying to hit localhost:3000/categories through postman the values are not getting saved. Also I don't know whether my json format is correct or not or either my categories controller code is correct. I am new and trying to figure out how the data is saved in json format for has_many relation in rails.iam getting missing params error

A: You need to have the base resource name as a key in your JSON:
{"category": {

    "name":"Mens Clothing",
    "products_attributes": [
        {

            "name":"Denim jeans",
            "Description": "test test test", # <== Added a comma here
            "prize":1000,
            "user_id":1,
        }
    ]
}}

params.require(:category) indicates you want to look at the incoming parameters and pull the value of the :category key, raising an ActionController::ParameterMissing exception if that key is not found.
If the :category key is found, its value is passed to #permit, which filters out any keys that are not included in the approved list.
Because you didn't have :category in your params, your logs should reflect an ActionController::ParameterMissing exception.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package org.freebxml.omar.common.spi;

import javax.xml.registry.RegistryException;
import org.oasis.ebxml.registry.bindings.rs.RegistryResponse;

public interface LifeCycleManager {

    /**
     * Submits one or more RegistryObjects and one or more repository items.
     *
     * @param idToRepositoryItemMap is a HashMap with key that is id of a RegistryObject and value that is a repository item in form of a javax.activation.DataHandler instance.
     */
    public RegistryResponse submitObjects(RequestContext context)  throws RegistryException;

    /** Approves one or more previously submitted objects */
    public RegistryResponse approveObjects(RequestContext context) throws RegistryException;

    /** Sets the status of specified objects. This is an extension request that will be adde to ebRR 3.1?? */
    public RegistryResponse setStatusOnObjects(RequestContext context) throws RegistryException;

    /** Deprecates one or more previously submitted objects */
    public RegistryResponse deprecateObjects(RequestContext context) throws RegistryException;

    /** Deprecates one or more previously submitted objects */
    /* HIEOS (REMOVED):
    public RegistryResponse unDeprecateObjects(RequestContext context) throws RegistryException;
    */

    /* HIEOS (REMOVED):
    public RegistryResponse updateObjects(RequestContext context)
        throws RegistryException;
    */

    /** Removes one or more previously submitted objects from the registry */
    public RegistryResponse removeObjects(RequestContext context) throws RegistryException;

    /** Approves one or more previously submitted objects */
    /* HIEOS (REMOVED):
    public RegistryResponse relocateObjects(RequestContext context) throws RegistryException;
    */

    /** Sends an impl specific protocol extension request. */
    /* HIEOS (REMOVED):
     public RegistryResponseHolder extensionRequest(RequestContext context) throws RegistryException;
    */
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Coyotes have taken over Stanley Park. And it doesn't stop there.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings
The public is currently being told to venture into the crown jewel of Vancouver's park system "at their own risk" as dozens of people, including a two-year-old child, have been attacked by wild coyotes this year. And Stanley Park is not the only green space in Canada dealing with the newly-aggressive animals attacking human visitors.
Something seems to have shifted in the way coyotes and humans are usually able to coexist in places like this, but what? How should cities deal with these animals? Are there options besides extermination? If given enough time, will the coyotes' behaviour revert to form? And what will become of these parks if it doesn't?
GUEST: Colleen Cassady St. Clair, Professor, Biological Sciences, University of Alberta
Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android
Click here for a transcription of the podcast.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Vancouver's Stanley Park is perhaps one of the most idyllic public spaces in all of Canada. It's full of natural beauty, old growth forest, groves and trails, gardens and picnic spots. And during a pandemic that has made so many indoor spaces fraught with danger, Stanley Park has become a cherished meeting place for families and friends to spend time together, to exercise and rest and play. And you really should not go there right now.
News Clip: A local wildlife group is calling for the closure of Stanley Park to address the spike in coyote attacks.
News Clip 2: Stay away from Stanley Park. At least right now. It's what conservation officer Sergeant Gravel is advising the public after a two year old girl was attacked by a coyote Monday night.
News Clip 3: Several Coyotes are believed to be linked to several recent attacks on humans in Stanley Park. And there are concerns the animals have been fed or have somehow lost their fear of people.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Stanley Park is the most high profile example, but it's not the only park or neighbourhood in Canada made dangerous by aggressive coyotes. In most cases, the animals have lived in these places for years, going about their business and mostly avoiding interactions with humans. So what has changed? Are there more coyotes, or are they just becoming more aggressive? And if so, why? What options do governments have for dealing with the coyotes beyond the obvious one? What should the public know in the increasing likelihood that they encounter an aggressive coyote on a hike or in their city? Is this a permanent behavioural change, or is there a way that we can bring the coyotes behaviour back in life? And if we can't, what becomes of these parks and the people who use them?
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: I'm Jordan Heath-Rawlings. This is The Big Story. Dr. Colleen Cassady St. Clair is a Professor of Biological Sciences at the University of Alberta. She specializes in the study of how animals, including coyotes, behave in landscapes that have been altered by humans. Hello, Colleen.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Hi, Jordan. Thanks for having me.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: No problem. I'm glad you could spare the time. Why don't you start by telling us what's happening right now in Stanley Park in Vancouver? But also, I understand it's not just in Stanley Park.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Sure. Well, what I know of Stanley Park comes to me from the news. So it's similar to what other people know. There's an unprecedented situation going on there where there's been 30 documented attacks on people by coyotes, where coyotes have bitten people in the past six and a half months. That's extremely unusual. I have never heard of something like that happening anywhere in North America previously, but nor have I heard about the situation that's occurring in Calgary in the last month. In Calgary, eight people have also been bitten by coyotes, eight different people.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: So you mentioned that this is incredibly unusual. How do coyotes normally behave in spaces that they share with humans?
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Well, normal has been a sliding slope for many years. Decades, really. Over about the past 20 years, there's been increasing reports from across North America of coyotes and urban areas. Probably coyotes always danced around urban areas, and we're seen there occasionally by people. There's a Street at Edmonton that was known as Coyote Alley 100 years ago. So it's not entirely new that Coyotes are in urban areas, but they just seem to be more abundant and bolder, and that's occurring in urban areas across the continent, from Vancouver to Halifax, from Phoenix to Yellowknife. Pretty much every urban area in North America that I've heard of anyway, has a population of urban coyotes, and that's a fairly new phenomenon.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: That's interesting. I mean, we live in the East end of Toronto here, and there are certainly some of them that you will occasionally see walking down the Street, or somebody will put up a sign warning, dog owners say that one has been spotted in this Park. But what we're talking about sounds like a whole 'nother level.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Yeah. I think that we are undergoing a bit of a sea change here, and the relationship between people and coyotes in urban areas has been changing for quite a while, I think. But it's reaching a point now where it's causing a great deal of concern and loss of a sense of security for people in areas that are really quite urban and quite designated for people. And in my estimation, we've reached a bit of a tipping point. Tolerance for urban coyotes by an increasing proportion of the population is changing rapidly right now because of these attacks on people, particularly when they involve children. So there was quite a dramatic one in Burnaby almost three years ago, where a toddler was attacked and bitten repeatedly on his head, needing something like 35 stitches. That attack occurred in broad daylight on the driveway of the family home. So not deep in the Woods, there was attack, an attack on a toddler in Edmonton last spring, an urban Park surrounded by residential areas where people just don't expect that kind of thing to occur. And then this most recent attack in the parking lot of the aquarium of Stanley Park on a toddler. So those situations are examples of the ones people just will not tolerate and understandably so, I think.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: So let's get to the money question, then. Do we have any idea what's causing this more aggressive behaviour?
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Well, there's quite a bit of speculation, and I think it's like many complex ecological situations where there's not one explanation, there's not one factor, and there's not even just a sum of factors. There's interaction among many factors. So I'll rattle off a few of the ones that I think have created this acute situation recently, except for the toddler in Burnaby, and that animal was associated with food conditioning. I'll come back at that later.
All these other attacks that I've described, the 30 in Stanley Park over the last six months, the eight in Calgary, the the one in Coronation Park in Edmonton last year. They've all occurred during the pandemic. I think that has been a very complicated situation for wildlife. They suddenly had a rapid change in human behaviour, where everyone disappeared from the roads and from the parks for a little while. Then suddenly people started to flood into the parks, but they stayed off the roads, might have really changed movement patterns, and it might have really reduced the number of animals that are killed on roads that's been documented by others. At the same time, there was a lot more people occupying a lot more spaces in natural areas. So more coyotes, more people might have created situations of more competition for space, more territoriality by coyotes.
I wonder whether there's also been more feeding by people. There's also a problem with a lot more garbage, with more people using parks. And that's a trajectory that's been going on for years, I suppose, but it got much more significant. So if we put all of these things together, there's a lot more resources worth defending. There's a lot more people getting in the way. There's a lot more competition among coyotes for territories and more valuable territories. And I think that might be some of what's causing this more aggressive behaviour along a continuum that's much older than the pandemic.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: So in that sense, there are all these contributing factors. But ultimately, what we're seeing in these attacks is these animals defending their territory from what they see as an incursion or a threat to their food supply?
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: This is how it looks to me. I'm more familiar with the specific nature of the attacks in Calgary. I visited the neighbourhoods where they occurred, and I've talked in detail with the wildlife professionals and city managers that are involved. It's really interesting that all eight of those attacks were on women. All eight involved a bite to the upper thigh. And that's how coyotes take on both competitors and potentially sometimes also prey, large prey. They do a behaviour called hamstringing, where they seek first to immobilize their competitor or would-be large prey, and then they cooperate for further action. So the fellow in Stanley Park that ran into some Coyotes, ran into a coyote in the dark, and then it was sort of surrounded by coyotes that seemed fairly like, very aggressive, almost predator like behaviour. But it still could be induced by territoriality. Experts in Vancouver estimate that there's about 12 coyotes in Stanley Park. And if your listeners were to just Google Stanley Park and look at it, they see that it's a big green space on a Peninsula, and its only connection to land is through a very dense part of Vancouver. Coyotes probably don't find it easy to come and go from Stanley Park, and there's all kinds of resources there. So there's all kinds of habitat that shelters natural prey for coyotes.
It does seem from some reports that there's a lot of extra food in Stanley Park from garbage. But there's also reports of people feeding in Stanley Park. That might have really increased very rapidly during COVID, in Edmonton, park visitation increased by four times. And maybe that's a general phenomenon. So if rare feeding increased by four times, that's a lot of feeding. So those animals, 12 animals, are sharing this space, and suddenly they have to share it with a whole bunch of people that are threatening the space that they can occupy, from their coyote point of view. I think there might also be some cultural transmission where some very bold behaviour has been learned by those coyotes, probably through food conditioning. And so that's the kind of perfect storm that I think has emerged there to create this very unusual behaviour.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: I think I get it. But since you've used the term a couple of times and maybe people don't, can you explain food conditioning?
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Yeah. Thanks for that invitation, Jordan. It just means that animals have learned to associate people with food. So probably people have heard the expression of fed bear is a dead bear. And it comes from that phenomenon of food conditioning. So when carnivores become food conditioned, when they associate people with food, they lose the natural fearfulness of people that they have. They lose that weariness. They start to approach people, and often they're looking for handouts. But it spills over into other kinds of reasons for approaching people. They're not afraid to approach people to, for example, defend their territory or investigate what they think might be potential prey. And they might view children that way. And that's the reason that the province of British Columbia destroys sometimes as many as a thousand black bears a year. That happens when they cross the line that is believed to be representing food conditioning, when they, for example, start entering human dwellings looking for food.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Right.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: And the reason they're destroyed is because other techniques don't work very well. It's really hard to reverse food conditioning, once animals have learned that association. And it doesn't really work to translocate animals, they tend to try to come back. Often they're hit on the road trying to get back. Sometimes they're killed by resident animals where they're dropped off. Sometimes they get into conflict where they're dropped off. Sometimes they just die a slow death of starvation, you know, not great outcomes often. So food conditioning is the thing to avoid if you want to avoid destroying animals. And that's the reason national parks have fines of up to 25,000 dollars for feeding wildlife.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Well, that brings us to what the city of Vancouver and whoever is making the decisions there, I realize you have nothing to do with it, are deciding to do with these animals in the Park. Four of them were killed last week I see, for the other animals, there might be eight or more left. Is there any hope that they could be dealt with any other way or at the very beginning of this chat you mentioned that we'd reach a tipping point.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Well, I appreciate you mentioning that this is not my call to make, and I don't work directly in that situation, so I would definitely defer to the wildlife professionals there, but I'll say a couple more general things. Well, one specific one. I believe it's six animals now that have been destroyed, so that's half of them if there are 12 there. I think that in an area of that size, you know, Stanley Park is about a a couple of kilometres wide and a couple of kilometres deep. So that's not a huge area for 12 Coyotes, it could well be big enough, but it seems very unlikely that the six animals that remain haven't, haven't participated in any similar behaviours, because this has been escalating for a long time. So it could be that the only way to get rid of this behaviour that is now typifying these animals is to remove all of them. That's quite a plausible interpretation of the situation as I see it.
What I've been suggesting when asked to comment more generally on urban coyotes is that I think we need to be more proactive about how urban coyotes are managed way before it gets to the point where people are attacked. And specifically, I think we can't tolerate bold behaviour by coyotes in areas that are designated for use by people. So that would be residential areas, commercial areas, and parkland that's designated for high visitation by people. It wouldn't be natural areas that might have some trails in them, but still are designated partly for wildlife conservation. So in these human use areas, I think we have to have an absolute prohibition of food attractants. There has to be tighter management of garbage that would occur through a combination of education, action, bylaws. There has to be an absolute prohibition on feeding wildlife, any wildlife. No scattering bird seed on the ground, for example. I see that all over in the parks in Edmonton in a way that I didn't see 10 years ago. And what people don't realize is that when they're feeding bird seed on the ground, they're feeding everybody that will eat it and that's everybody, including coyotes, we find plenty of bird seed and coyote scat. Plus, it increases the mammal populations that increase the value of the territories, making them more worth defending.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: So there has to be a really much more serious approach to food conditioning. And then the other angle that I've been recommending is one that is intended to teach more wariness to coyotes. Do you want me to say a bit about that?
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Well, Yeah. Maybe we could go from there, because I know it's going to become relevant, into what to actually do about these attacks. One of the things we like to do on the show is kind of give people the proactive information. So how deadly, how aggressive can a coyote attack be? What should you do if you run into one who's acting aggressive in the street or in the Park?
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Yeah. Good idea, Jordan. Let's cover that first. So kind of the immediate reaction when you meet a coyote that seems aggressive, if it seems great from some distance away and you're in a human use area and you're comfortable doing so, please participate in this teaching of great awareness by acting very bold towards that coyote. Don't accept that kind of behaviour is my advice. And I'll say more about the specific things people can do in a moment. But first, let me cover the things that people can do if they are fearful of being attacked by a coyote.
I think the most important thing to do is be ready for that possibility. You can carry something that makes noise, that can be used to deter a coyote from some distance of many meters away. You can carry something to throw. And the tool we use here in Edmonton is a tennis ball that's been weighted with sand to make it the weight of a baseball and then wrapped with flagging tape or have some flagging tape is actually injected into a little hole in the tennis ball because all canid species are weirdly frightened of flapping flags, at least initially. This is an ancient technique known as fladry. So we make these tennis balls and we give them to our volunteers for a program I'll tell you about in a minute. But anything that you can throw can increase the distance between you and an aggressive coyote. So that could be a rock. It could even be like a drink can or something like that, if there's nothing else available. By throwing things at animals, you show them an intention and aggressive intention without having to be so close.
Then for further protection, one can carry a stick. It might be a hockey stick if you live in Edmonton, or a hiking pole, or just a branch that you pick up because you're going through a wooded part of a Park and you're a little bit extra nervous. When you swing that branch around, you make yourself look larger. If you bang it on trees or on the ground, you create an aggressive sound. But you might also carry an umbrella. An umbrella is a great tool for creating a barrier between an animal and yourself, or yourself and your pet, or yourself and your children very quickly. Animals don't have the the experience to understand that an umbrella is a flimsy piece of nylon that could be bat it away with a four paw. To them, it looks like a wall. So, you know, you can carry an umbrella easily. You can erect it very quickly, creating this visual barrier between you and an animal. So umbrellas are used extensively to ward off baboons in Africa. And I think it could be a good tool for urban coyotes.
And then finally, you could carry a noise making device like a small wildlife airhorn or a can full of coins or rocks that you can shake. And you can use your voice to shout aggressively at a coyote, and you can make motions towards it. A chasing action towards it is very frightening for a coyote, as opposed to running away from it. That's one thing one should never do, because all coursing predators, meaning chasing predators like coyotes, are just evolutionarily wired to chase things that run away from them.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Right. So tell me about the program then, that you're hoping will curb this behaviour.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Yeah. It's modelled after similar programs that occur for bears in the National and provincial parks and Alberta and BC. We've used the same technique for elk and the mountain parks as well, and the technique is known as just too closely related techniques. One is known as hazing. That's probably the one people have heard before, but it's related to a more formal kind of associative learning that's called by psychologists aversive conditioning. And what it means is that an animal is being purposefully subjected to an experience that helps it learn to associate people with something that it fears.
So what we're doing with our community-based aversive conditioning program is we have a bunch of volunteers. This is the master's project of Gabrielle Lajeunesse. She's conscripted over 70 volunteers in over 20 neighbourhoods in Edmonton who, during a field season this past winter, went on patrols for coyotes in residential areas, and in the treatment neighbourhoods, if the coyotes allowed people to approach as close as 40 meters, that was the signal that aversive conditioning would begin. And it consisted of trying to chase the coyote while yelling at it or shaking a can of coins and attempting to throw these weighted tennis balls at it. Weighted tennis balls are something that is as aversive as we are allowed to be. We're not allowed to use any kind of projectile. The public in general cannot use a projectile and fire that at wildlife.
But in Calgary, there's an even more intensive and to some extent, in Edmonton, aversive conditioning program being carried out by wildlife professionals who are doing something similar, except they are using service dogs to draw out coyotes in neighbourhoods where aggressive behaviour has been reported. And once the coyote emerges, the wildlife professionals attempt to shoot the coyote with a paintball gun containing chalk balls. So that's something that's pretty frightening to an animal. If the chalk ball hits a nearby object, it explodes. Chalk goes all over the place, it makes a noise. And that's very frightening. And we're working up these data now in collaboration with a company that's doing it, Animal Damage Control and the city of Calgary. But from just anecdotal observations of the 311 reports, it seems to immediately reduce reports of this aggressive behaviour.
And in Edmonton, with our community-based aversive conditioning program, we had that opportunity to treat Coyotes just five times, but they always retreated from the approaching person in the course of the program, they either never came back or I think in three cases, the coyote was next reported 44 days later, and I've used the technique myself in my own neighbourhood and had that experience, too. Twice I've chased a coyote out of the Park across the street, and a coyote wasn't reported in the neighbourhood again for many, many weeks. So it doesn't take much to scare a coyote. And if we had enough citizens who are willing to work on this, teaching coyotes they're not welcome residential areas. They're not safe there. They can't trust people there. I think we could increase coexistence. And that's not to say lethal management would never be needed. I think we never want to take that two out of the kit, but I think that this kind of hazing or aversive conditioning approach could reduce the need for lethal management.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Well, that's kind of the last thing that I wanted to ask about is you say that this behaviour has evolved over time as they've moved into urban areas and gotten used to people, but it can change back rather quickly, I gather, from what you've just described, because I had assumed that much like the behavioural changes that got them here, it would take a while to revert back, if at all.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Well, I guess that's a bit of an unknown at this point, Jordan, we don't know how fast or how well it will work, but our anecdotes suggests it works really quite quickly. If you think of coyotes as testing people all the time, that's the nature of their behavioural flexibility and their incredible adaptability as a species. They are always testing us. And they have these dozens or hundreds of benign encounters with people or positive ones where people give them food. It's kind of little wonder that they lose their fear of people. But they're a cagey species. You know, all domestic dogs are descendant from wolves. Coyotes have never been domesticated. They are just so wiley. So I think that it's quite plausible that if we have enough aversive conditioning of high intensity, it has to be high intensity to avoid actually causing habituation. I think we could maintain some coexistence as long as we keep the population in check, and we would do that by managing their food supply.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Colleen, thank you so much for this. It's fascinating. My only remaining question is, why do you call them coyotes [kai-yotes], and I call them coyotes [kai-yo-tees]? Is that an East Coast, West Coast thing?
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Yeah, it is. The middle of the continent calls them coyotes [kai-yotes], and that's where I am. And the edges, I guess, is far from the edges, Toronto call them coyotes [kai-yo-tees]. And both of us are said to be correct, but the word actually comes from the ancient Aztec, which I think sounds something like krr-tl.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Huh! Also, you called them wiley, which immediately put the Warner Brothers cartoon in my head, but.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Can't help it.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Amazing Yeah. Thank you so much for this. I feel like I learned a lot.
Dr. Colleen Cassidy St. Clair: Well, thank you, Jordan. I really appreciate your interest and your effort to help people coexist with coyotes.
Jordan Heath-Rawlings: Dr. Colleen Cassady St. Clair, a Professor of Biological Sciences at the University of Alberta. That was The Big Story for all of our recent episodes on animals in Canada that can hurt you, from gypsy moths to ticks to now coyotes, you can head to thebigstorypodcast.ca. You can talk to us on Twitter at @TheBigStoryFPN. You can find us via email, thebigstorypodcast, that is all one word, all lowercase, @rci.rogers.com [click here!]. And, of course, we're in every podcast player you could possibly hope for, Apple, Stitcher, Google, Spotify PocketCast, Overcast, etc.
Thanks for listening. I'm Jordan Heath Rawlings. We'll talk tomorrow.
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text:
Q: Python3 proxies http or https? i did Python file that use proxies :
proxies = {
    "http": "http://{}:{}".format(proxy, port)
}
auth = HTTPProxyAuth(user, passwd)
session = requests.Session()
session.proxies = proxies
session.auth = auth

response = session.get(link)

i'm curious , when i use http proxy the ssl certificated websites such as https://stackoverflow.com/
know my location .
so should i only use https proxies or there is something i do wrongly ?

A: The proxies dictionary requires entries for all of the protocols you're interested in.
For example:
proxies = {
    "http": "http://{}:{}".format(proxy, port),
    "https": "https://{}:{}".format(proxy, port)
}

Would work if you want to use the same proxy for both http and https


text:
R.B.L Posse är en rapgrupp från San Francisco, USA. Gruppen bildades 1990 och består av 2 medlemmar, Black C och Mr. Cee. R.B.L är akronym och står för Ruthless By Law. De har varit aktiva länge och har släppt 8 stycken album.

Diskografi
 A Lesson to Be Learned, 1992
 Don't Give Me No Bammer, 1993
 Ruthless By Law, 1994
 Solo Creep, 1995
 An Eye For An Eye, 1997
 H20, Vol. 1, 1999
 Hostile Takeover, 2001
 Ghetto Vietnam, 2002

R.B.L Posse har ägnat sig till musikstilarna Gangsta Rap, Hardcore Rap och West Coast Rap

Amerikanska hiphopgrupper

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Dylan does Sartre in ignoring Nobel Prize
Bob Collins October 27, 2016, 8:39 AM Oct 27, 2016
The year that philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre refused the Nobel Prize in Literature — 1964 — Bob Dylan released an album on which a song with these lyrics appeared:
Go 'way from my window
Leave at your own chosen speed
I'm not the one you want, babe
I'm not the one you need
In an op-ed in the New York Times, Adam Kirsch, author of "The People and the Books: 18 Classics of Jewish Literature," acknowledges he doesn't know if Dylan was paying any attention to Sartre, but he says Dylan has done the philosopher one better: He's declined to acknowledge the existence of the honor.
Maybe, he theorizes, that it's a fair turnaround to ignore a committee that has failed to acknowledge that American literature even exists.
The best way to understand Dylan's silence is to understand Sartre's concept of "bad faith."
Bad faith, Sartre explains in "Being and Nothingness," is the opposite of authenticity. Bad faith becomes possible because a human being cannot simply be what he or she is, in the way that an inkwell simply is an inkwell. Rather, because we are free, we must "make ourselves what we are." In a famous passage, Sartre uses as an example a cafe waiter who performs every part of his job a little too correctly, eagerly, unctuously. He is a waiter playing the role of waiter. But this "being what one is not" is an abdication of freedom; it involves turning oneself into an object, a role, meant for other people. To remain free, to act in good faith, is to remain the undefined, free, protean creatures we actually are, even if this is an anxious way to live.
This way of thinking is what used to be called existentialism, and Mr. Dylan is one of its great products. Living like a complete unknown, like a rolling stone, is living in Sartrean good faith, and much of the strangeness of Mr. Dylan's life can be understood as a desperate attempt to retain this freedom in the face of the terrific pressure of fame. In a profile in The New Yorker in that same year of 1964, Mr. Dylan was quoted as saying that he didn't "want to write for people anymore" but rather wanted to "write from inside me."
To be a Nobel laureate is to allow others to define who you are, Kirsch writes. Dylan's silence is what real artistic and philosophical freedom looks like.
Or maybe he's just being a jerk, Craig Brown of the Daily Mail, suggests, recalling an anecdote about Dylan.
A fan once came up to him and said: 'You don't know who I am, but I know who you are. To which Dylan replied: 'Let's keep it that way'.
Related: The Kenyan author who's done more for literature than Bob Dylan, and should have won the Nobel (Quartz)
Bob Dylan Nobel Prize
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