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Katz's Corner
Katz's Corner Episode 21: How Insensitive! Part 3
Bob Katz | Dec 19, 2017
How Insensitive! Part 3: The Measurements
May I have a drumroll, please! Here is the expanded amplifier measurement chart, presenting the essential measurements in a way that consumers can actually use, without forcing them to become engineers. At first it appears to be a daunting looking chart, but consumers will be presented with only a few of these measurements.
Figure 1: Essential Measurements of seven headphone amplifiers. (Click on image to load a .pdf for better viewing.)
I added one amplifier to this discussion which I did not measure, the Pass HPA-1 (row 2), and used John Atkinson's measurements from Stereophile with some math to fill in the columns. Its output impedance (column B) is 1.35 Ohms, which implies it uses moderate but not excessive negative feedback. It has good Voltage gain, as seen in columns C and E. It has extremely low THD+N at 1 Volt, 1 kHz, 0.005% (column I), which means the partials plus the noise produce a remarkably low level of -83.8 dBu (column K). That level would produce only 18 dB SPL from an LCD-4, which I did not include in the spreadsheet, because John used a 20 Ohm load and did not verify performance with medium or high impedance loads. I did report (column L) that an Oppo PM-3 would produce 32 dB SPL with this THD+N.
It's fair to ask if 1 Volt is a suitable level for headphone amplifier testing? 1 Volt would drive an Audeze LCD-4 to 104 dB SPL, which seems rather high compared to normal listening levels. But historically, 1 Volt out of a preamplifier into a "typical" power amplifier and "typical" loudspeaker, would also end up with 104 dB SPL*. So 1 Volt is very congruent with the loudspeaker world. Furthermore, if the headphone amplifier has low distortion at 1 Volt, it should perform even better at lower levels, provided it's Class A biased at low levels. So we should also test its distortion at low levels, since with headphones the ear will easily detect low level details more than with distant speakers in a room.
The amplifier's noise floor (columns V and W), -88.7 dBu, would produce an incredibly low 13.1 dB SPL with the LCD-4s, likely inaudible. I reported this, assuming that the amp will present similar noise with a 110 Ohm load. John's measurement was unweighted, wide band, which makes this performance even more remarkable. But my measurement interface, the Prism Lyra, uses a noise-shaped ADC that has a distinctive rise above about 40 kHz, which strongly contributes to a wideband measurement, so I have limited my own noise measurements to between 0-24 kHz in rows 3 through 8.
This amplifier's maximum output at nominal clipping (1% THD) would be able to deliver a deafening 124 dB SPL into the LCD-4, probably a bit more since John measured with a 20 Ohm load. In Column S, we see that at its maximum, the amp can deliver 138 dB SPL to the highly sensitive Oppo PM-3. Take caution when adjusting this amplifier's volume when using a sensitive headphone! I can't wait to audition this amp, which is scheduled to arrive soon for evaluation.
The Callia Headphone Amp
The Callia's (row 3) internal headphone amp's output impedance, which I did not measure, is specified as 4 Ohms (column B). It produces good output level from its internal DAC at maximum headphone gain and volume (columns D and E).
For my distortion measurements, I used THD instead of THD+N. The Lyra ADC's rising noise floor cica 40 kHz would mess up a THD+N measurement as well as a noise measurement. I believe that THD is a more effective measure than THD+N, because we are looking at just distortion products related to the signal, and the noise doesn't interfere. We never have to second guess a distortion measurement made at low levels, which are often dominated by noise. So when I use the term "THD" it means "total harmonic distortion without noise". When I performed a THD+N measurement, all of my amps showed 0.023%, due to the high frequency noise of the Lyra ADC, not actual noise or distortion from the device under test, so I switched to THD. I measured a very low 0.002% THD from the Callia amp at 1 Volt (column I). This translates to an astoundingly low THD floor of -92 dBu (column K).
Unweighted noise within a 24 kHz flat bandwidth (columns V and W) equates to 14.8 dB SPL from the LCD-4s, likely inaudible.
In column S, we see this amplifier's max SPL at clipping with a 20 Ohm load would produce a very loud 125 dB SPL from the sensitive Oppo PM-3. When I increased the load to 110 Ohms, I could not drive the Callia amp into clipping, so the Callia headphone amplifier will not clip into a medium or high impedance. These specs are all very good, and bring up obvious questions as to why I rated this headphone amp so low in the listening tests. I don't have a good answer to that question at this time. We have to look at other objective measurements to get past this mystery, perhaps multitone measurements or some genius out there has an objective answer.
AMB M3
This amp (row 4) has a very good reputation, and is a good kit to build if you have experience soldering and a good technical mind to follow the complex build instructions. But the hidden cost of build time, finding and buying parts probably would be better put into a $2100 amplifier like the Mjolnir Bipolar. I measured a 2.3 Ohm output impedance using a 20 Ohm load with a 1 kHz sine wave, reflecting the moderate amount of negative feedback in this amplifier, the output impedance of the Mosfets and the small buildout resistors. In its +10 dB gain position with the volume control at maximum, it has plenty of Voltage gain (columns C and E) to drive insensitive headphones. I measured a very low 0.0005% THD (that's right, five ten-thousands of a percent) at 1 Volt drive, 1 kHz, regardless of the load. Its max output at 1% THD into 110 Ohms equates to 118 dB SPL from the LCD-4s (column U), which could explain why this amp has such good sonic impact on transient peaks. Or maybe its impact is due to some other factor—like its solid, discrete regulated power supply, or perhaps some distortion that gives it a bit of a perceived sonic edge. We must not discount the fact that subtle distortion can increase the perception of impact, as long as it is not too much. Because distortion is compression.
Audeze Deckard
In contrast with the AMB, this amp (row 5) is all-discrete, class A biased, as testified by the very hot, substantial heatsinks. Its output impedance (column B) is the lowest of the seven amps at 0.33 Ohms, so it must use considerable negative feedback. In columns C and E we can see that the Deckard, in its highest gain position at maximum volume, has more than enough Voltage gain. I measured 0.0013% THD with 1 Volt drive, 20 Ohms (column I), which equates to a low 20 dB SPL from the Oppos (column L). Into 110 Ohms, its THD is even lower, 0.0005% (column M), equivalent to a vanishingly low -2 dB SPL (wideband) from the LCD-4 (column P) summing just the partials without the noise. Its noise (columns V and W) is -83 dBu (0-24 kHz), equating to a very low 19 dB SPL from the LCD-4s. Keep in mind that single-number specs are rough indicators, far more revealing would be a spectral display of the distortion products, which I did not produce for this amplifier.
The Deckard's clipping point into 20 Ohms (column R) is only bettered by the Pass, and by less than a dB. It can produce a whopping maximum of 125 dB SPL from the insensitive LCD-4s (column U). Since this amp has far more sonic impact than the previous units, I'm beginning to see a pattern: high headroom seems to translate to more listening pleasure. But there is a such thing as overkill: I do not understand why Audeze feel an even more powerful amplifier (The "King", 6 watts per channel into 20 Ohms) would be more suitable for the LCD-4s. I'll be happy to audition a King amp in the future!
Mjolnir Pure Bipolar
Spritzer of Mjolnir Audio has informed me that this amplifier was not optimized to feed very low impedances. I don't have a balanced cable for any of my low impedance phones, so I haven't auditioned low impedance phones with this amp yet. Looking at Voltage or dBu measurements into a 20 Ohm load would be misleading: While it cannot deliver the same Voltage into 20 Ohms as the other amps in this list, its performance indicates it would deliver excellent level into a sensitive low impedance phone. Because of this we must concentrate on the SPL that would be delivered into a particular impedance load (Columns S and U).
For example, in column T, we see that this amplifier can produce a whopping 26.7 dBu into 110 Ohms at clipping, exceeding the Pass by about 4 dB! This is the equivalent of a deafening 128 dB SPL from the LCD-4s. Reducing the load to 20 Ohms, its clipping point reduces, but it would still yield 127 dB SPL from the Oppo PM-3 (column S). That's higher than the 20 Ohm maxima of two other amps in that column. Its 1 Volt THD into 20 Ohms is the highest of all the amplifiers, but extremely respectable, 0.0375% (column I). Once the load impedance has risen somewhat higher than 20 Ohms, its distortion drops by two whole orders of magnitude (34 dB)! Column M shows that it has dropped to 0.0008% (this is not a typo) into 110 Ohms. These extreme headroom measurements correlate with the impacting sound quality that I heard in the listening tests. I do not listen loudly—we are speaking about the clarity of unclipped, undistorted short-term transients.
I measured some additional attributes of a few tantalizing amplifiers. The Pure Bipolar's crosstalk, left to right at 20 kHz is very good, 85 dB (not shown). My measurement system is limited to frequencies below about 90 kHz due to its 192 kHz sample rate. The Bipolar's frequency response (Fig. 2A) is effectively ruler flat from 10 Hz to 20 kHz, and less than 0.2 dB down at 60 kHz, so its warm sonic character cannot be "blamed" on frequency response. The noisy looking trace and rise above 60 kHz is probably due to interchannel high frequency noise leakage within the Lyra interface as I use an interchannel transfer function to measure frequency response. Still there is no more than an 0.4 dB rise shown at 80 kHz. To be sure, I performed square wave testing to look for oscillations, and found its square wave responses (not shown) to be textbook-perfect, so I am confident the amplifier is stable.
Fig. 2: Mjolnir Pure Bipolar, left channel frequency response
JDS Labs O2
This amplifier (row 7) measures very well. Its output impedance is 0.833 Ohms, the second lowest in the group. Its Voltage gain, seen in columns C and E, is more than adequate. I measured 0.0015% THD at 1 Volt into 20 Ohms, equivalent to 21.4 dB SPL from the Oppo (columns I and L). Its noise floor, without signal, into a 110 Ohm load would yield an even lower 14.8 dB SPL from the LCD-4, probably inaudible (column W). Its maximum output at clipping into 20 Ohms is +10 dBu, which would produce 126 dB SPL from the Oppo (columns R and S).
With a 110 Ohm load, I could not clip the amp sourced from the Callia's unbalanced output since the amp did not have sufficient Voltage gain, but we can say for sure that it clips higher than +18 dBu, which would yield at least 120 dB from the LCD-4. This is respectable headroom and does not explain why in the listening tests I felt this amp constricted transients.
Fig 3 is a graph of the O2 amp's 1 kHz harmonic distortion, at the equivalent of 97 dB SPL, LCD-4 measured into a 110 Ohm load. The only partials are second and third harmonics, which are very low, below negative 14 dB SPL, certainly inaudible. So it has impeccable distortion performance, at least at 1 khz. But consider that its second and/or third harmonic distortion is so low that it may not mask other, undesirable harmonics, perhaps when multiple frequencies are being played (music). My theory is that this performance will make this amp sound dry.
Fig. 3, JDS O2 Amplifier, 1 kHz at the equivalent of 97 dB SPL from an LCD-4 headphone.
Mjolnir KGSS Carbon HV
Measuring a Stax amplifier (row 8) is a bit of a challenge. I had to build a special jig which terminates the amplifier in a balanced 170 kOhm resistive load, the stated impedance of an SR-007. But this is not authentic since the headphones present a capacitive load which is specified by Stax as 170 kOhm at 10 kHz. Perhaps someday I can construct a load that emulates the complex impedance of the Stax. This jig attenuates the high voltage output of the amp to normal voltages and presents a low output resistance to the measurement gear so we can measure it without cable-induced high frequency losses. I wonder if this is the first time that an independent reviewer has published performance measurements of a Stax amplifier.
I did not measure output impedance as I prefer to stay away from high Voltages. Besides, it's an amplifier, and we would expect its output impedance to be a small fraction of 170 kOhm. Voltage is irrelevant to our needs, so I converted all my readings to SPL based on the manufacturer's specifications of 100 Volts RMS yielding 100 dB SPL.
Though higher than any of the other amplifiers, this amplifier's THD measures an excellent 0.0140% at the equivalent of 100 dB SPL (column M). Noise, measured unweighted, 0-24 kHz, is equivalent to a fairly-low 27 dB SPL (column W). I do not hear any hiss or hum from this amp. Output at clipping (1% THD), is equivalent to 115 dB SPL (column U), which is 13 dB lower than the clipping point of the Pure Bipolar with the LCD-4. But I did not sense any loss of headroom or impact in this listening test nor in the detailed shootout I performed in Episode 18. Could this be because the Stax is so "fast" and its diaphragm so light? Or simply that, as common sense would tell us, 115 dB SPL maximum level provides more than enough headroom for any headphone or amp.
Let's look at some graphs of this amplifier's performance, taking advantage of my special new measurement jig. Its frequency response, Fig 4, left channel shown, is identical to the right. As before, the anomalies above 70 kHz are due to high frequency noise in my interface. The response is effectively ruler flat rolling off from 10 kHz to -0.1 dB at 20 k. It gets no lower than about -0.60 dB circa 70 kHz. This amp has very flat and extended response, though to my experience, even 0.1 dB loss at 20 kHz can influence sound quality. In the case of bright Stax headphones, that could be a very good thing.
Fig. 4. KGSS HV Carbon Stax amplifier frequency response, left channel
SpectraPlus SC is working on a sweep performance of THD without noise for me, so right now we'll have to live with measuring its THD+N performance from 20-20 kHz (Fig 5). THD+N performance at 100 dB SPL, is extremely linear across the frequency spectrum, measuring around 0.2%, pretty much identical in both channels.
Fig. 5: Mjolnir KGSS HV Carbon THD+N vs. Frequency at 100 dB SPL
This amp's IM Distortion is also impeccable, measured with 19 & 20 kHz at a 1:1 ratio at an approximate equivalent SPL equivalent of 100 dB (Fig. 6). Ignore the red traces, those are peak holds that I forgot to turn off before I took the screenshot. The first order 1 kHz difference product is a very low 25 dB SPL, 75 dB below the fundamentals. There are no other obvious IM artifacts, except for sum products circa 40 kHz. We also see 60 Hz Hum at the extremely low equivalent of 10 dB SPL, quite inaudible, and the third harmonic of the hum, 180 Hz, sitting near the grass at 0 dB SPL. Later, I discovered that the shield of my test cable had come ungrounded, so after grounding the shield, these already-inaudible hum notes dropped right into the grass!
The amplifier's noise components in any frequency are sitting at the equivalent of -10 dB SPL (that's "minus 10 dB SPL") reflecting its completely inaudible noise floor. Dropping the level 10 dB, at an equivalent of 90 dB SPL (not shown), the IM components have almost completely disappeared, so these distortions are likely inconsequential to the sound.
Fig. 6: Mjolnir KGSS HV Carbon 19 & 20 KHz IM distortion at 100 dB equivalent SPL
Fig 7: KGSS amp THD+N, 1 kHz at 97 dB equivalent SPL
THD+N at 1 kHz at the equivalent of 97 dB SPL is particularly interesting (Fig. 7), since it consists entirely of second harmonic at an equivalent level of 16 dB SPL, 81 dB below the fundamental. Also notice that with shield connected, hum components move into the grass, with 180 Hz barely peeping through. The rise above 40 kHz is the noise of the Lyra interface's noise shaped ADC.
Is this second harmonic audible? At 16 dB SPL we might not expect it to be, but perhaps this second harmonic subtly contributes to the warmth and sonic beauty of the Mjolnir design, and let's not forget that music consists of many frequencies, so the second harmonics add up, perhaps to something subtly interpreted as "warmth". Ordinarily we should expect to see third harmonic, given the push-pull nature of the device. Perhaps designers Spritzer or Kevin can enlighten us on this measurement. I measured only third harmonic with the Pure Bipolar (not shown).
I'd like to learn about existing research on theories connecting listening experience with measurements. Designers Dave Hill and Nelson Pass assert that controlled amounts of harmonic distortion enhance depth, and are in agreement that too much distortion ruins the picture. In order to prove these contentions, it would be necessary to construct an analog-based distortion generator, that creates controlled amounts of second and third harmonic distortion, and place it in series with an amplifier to see if it improves or deteriorates the sonic picture. This is akin to audiophiles putting tube preamps in front of solid state amplifiers to warm them up.
The KGSS's square wave performance is impeccable (Figures 8, 9, 10), measured with my Fluke Scopemeter and a 10:1 probe. Left channel shown, but right is identical. I want to thank one of my mentors, Jim Johnston, who has just produced for me audio files with theoretically-perfect 24-bit square wave files at 100 Hz, 1 kHz and 10 kHz at 192 kHz sample rate. These digitally-generated, band-limited square waves have all the required harmonic components up to the Nyquist limit, so there would be no aliasing or subharmonics. The overshoot at the head of each transition is a necessary component of a band-limited square wave and comes with the territory. The 10 kHz wave wiggles more because there aren't very many harmonics left above 10 kHz to form a more perfect square shape. All three waves at the amplifier output have symmetrical rise and fall times and slew rates, which is a good sign of a well-designed, perfectly symmetrical amplifier. At 100 Hz, the horizontal line has the slightest tilt, barely noticeable, a sign of an excellent, stable power supply and extended low frequency response.
Fig. 8, KGSS HV Carbon, 100 Hz square wave at 250 Volts p-p
Fig. 9, KGSS HV Carbon, 1 kHz square wave at 200 Volts p-p
Fig. 10, KGSS HV Carbon, 10 kHz square wave at 200 Volts p-p
What amazes me is that an amp which swings hundreds of Volts can perform as well as amplifiers with only 10 Volt swing. Designers Spritzer and Kevin Gilmore have lots of experience designing high voltage amplifiers, which result in impeccable listening and measurements. This amp measures great and sounds great.
Tentative Conclusion
In the September issue of Stereophile, the venerable designer Nelson Pass speaks of his design philosophy, which relates to some of the issues brought up here. For those curious as to the possible correlation between measurement, design, and sonics, this interview with Pass is a must-read. A year ago I switched my loudspeaker amplification from the rather warm-sounding Lipinski amps to the totally-neutral Atsah 500s, which use Hypex modules. Designer Bruno Putseyz's amplifier philosophy is absolute zero distortion and these Class D amps have no sound of their own. But I believe that my monitoring equipment which is in front of these amps shifts the total sound just that desirable fraction to the warm side while remaining detailed and defined.
I contend that an amp which sounds "dry" must not be accurate. Many "dry" sounding amps also sound a bit harsh. Is this because of extreme negative feedback or an artifact of the negative feedback in relation to the harmonic structure? I'm not the first to claim that when you attenuate the overall distortion into the practically immeasurable, the amplitude of the ugly harmonics can rear their heads by unmasking. Could this be the reason why the O2 and the AMB sound a bit harsh and sometimes bright? Conversely, a little bit of second and/or third harmonic can sweeten the picture without harming the detail. Does that create an amp which is more accurate or simply euphonic? You decide!
* Calculation is based on: Power amplifier with 26 dB Voltage gain. 8 Ohm loudspeaker with sensitivity 87 dB/1W/1 meter. So 1 Volt into the power amplifier would yield 104 dB SPL from the speaker.
How about Trumpets along with the drumroll?
Submitted by tony on December 19, 2017 - 8:52pm
before I read the first thoughts.
Bob Katz on "You Decide"
I'm coping with in-decision due to lack of experience annnnnd I'm procrastinating ( with the best of intentions ).
Dear Bob, thank you for your explanations.
The nicest headphone amp I've experienced is the Shit Valhalla 2 with Russian Tubes. I just might like that big fat sound at the Rustic Pub.
I wish to own a music system that makes all music sound as good as Bombay Dub Orch.
Am I asking for too much ?
ps. maybe my ear drum response curve is changing and my brain is having a hard time adjusting properly.
What does 'dry' sound like?....for Bob
Submitted by zobel on December 20, 2017 - 8:06pm
This is from Stereophile's glossary;
dry 1) Describing the texture of reproduced sound: very fine-grained, chalky. 2) Describing an acoustical space: deficient in reverberation or having a very short reverberation time. 3) Describing bass quality: lean, overdamped.
Bob does any of this sound like what you use the word for?
Read more at https://www.stereophile.com/content/sounds-audio-glossary-glossary-d-e#L...
Dry?
Submitted by Bob Katz on December 22, 2017 - 2:18pm
I guess I need a new word. None of the Stereophile definitions rings that well with me in the context of amplifier character. The closest I can come to the meaning I'm seeking is "not sweet", "no character". "Chalky" is a possibility. I'm still struggling with the meaning of "dry" but it is definitely the opposite of "warm and sweet".
Bob, If neutral is without character...
Wouldn't you prefer an amp that is neutral, without a character of it's own? I do. No flavors please.
'Sterile', to me would be a better way to describe an amp that is slightly edgy and too analytic to covey an organic natural presentation, would you agree?
Robust, dynamic, organic, full bodied, neutral, transparent, natural, engaging, revealing, truthful, fast ....yes, but warm and sweet, or cold and analytic, edgy, sterile, thin sounding, fat sounding, smooth sounding, or lucious and liquid, forgiving, .....no thanks, not the amps job description, in my opinion.
Without character....
Well, I like a slight total leaning in the warm direction. I my loudspeaker system the main amps feeding the Dynaudios are Hypex and they are absolutely tonally neutral. They are being fed, however, from a Cranesong Avocet DAC and monitor controller with a discrete class A output stage, which is very slightly on the warm side of neutral. So I do prefer a slightly warm character to a completely neutral character as my loudspeakers are extremely revealing, if you get my drift.
As for descriptives, I was initially attracted by your term "sterile". But "sterile" is a color, too, as soon as you attribute "edgy" and "over analytic" to it. So I'm still searching for the term.
Warm can certainly be the amp's job if you want it to be. Audiophiles have been using tube amps for that purpose for years. Not me, but many do. On the headphone side I prefer the Mjolnir as you know and it is on the warm side of neutral, but not overly warm.
When I get the Pass for review, which is reportedly very close to neutral, we shall see how it works with my LCD-4s. It's a holistic combination of everything: DACs, cables (to some small extent), line stage, amp and transducers have to work together. In the end if I was seeking "warm" I would not care which of the components contributed to that, it could be the amp if I chose.
If I understand what you mean correctly
Submitted by Vinhcomputer on December 23, 2017 - 2:35am
then does a great amp for music listening is not something that has no character itself in the absolute sense since it will only reveal the imperfects of the current state of the recording art (skill and technology), but something that may hide these problems and amplify the euphonic part of the recording to some extent?
love the sound
Submitted by diamondfdk on December 23, 2017 - 3:48am
snaptube pro apk download
Nova launcher prime Apk
So the O2 is king of measurements...
Submitted by jherbert on December 23, 2017 - 8:20am
"But consider that its second and/or third harmonic distortion is so low that it may not mask other, undesirable harmonics, perhaps when multiple frequencies are being played (music). My theory is that this performance will make this amp sound dry."
I guess there are ways to measure more complex signals which might proof or dismiss that theory.
But then, maybe one gets so much used to distortion that its absence feels sort of strange. Same thing happening when comparing vinyl to digital: Extended and flatter frequency response, much much less distortion, no wow, no flutter, no resonances whatsoever, no off center record...
Same goes for tube amps. Just my 2 cents.
Why is the distortion of the headphones always ignored?
Submitted by xnor on December 23, 2017 - 8:38am
The headphones themselves produce an order of magnitude higher THD and IMD than the amp.
Also, a sine wave is a complex signal. Two sine waves (so we can also see IMD) are hard to reproduce accurately and it's again the headphones that trump the amplifier's distortion by magnitudes.
The main reason for audible differences is the output impedance. If you start with a low Z-out amp then you can easily raise it with a very simple adapter to whatever value that one thinks sounds the best.
Any kind of harmonic distortion during music reproduction...
1) Any kind of harmonic distortion during music reproduction causes "inharmonic" intermodulation distortion aka IMD.
2) As for too much feedback please take a look at "The F-word or, why there is no such thing as too much feedback" by Bruno Putzeys.
3) We all know there are audible differences depending on how the headphones are driven (voltage vs current), but this is not a binary choice.
A simple adapter with 20, 50 or 120 ohms in series with each channel reduces the amplifiers "control" over the voltage drop across the load aka lowering the damping factor.
This also works with speakers. That's how you can get tube-amp (with higher output impedance) like drive sans the distortion.
The Accuphase E-202 had a switch on the back to allow for more or less output impedance. Was one of my first vetures into highend back then. Protection engaged at very low listening levels with the Jecklin Float electrostats.
Excellent Call, Bob! Loving the Mjölnir Pure BiPolar + LCD-4
Submitted by room_tone on January 2, 2018 - 2:50pm
Thanks for sharing these articles, Bob. Really enjoying these technically minded explorations of yours. KEEP IT UP.
When you published your Icelandic Wonder story (https://www.innerfidelity.com/content/katzs-corner-episode-18-icelandic-...), I just happened to be in the market for an amp to pair with some Audeze LCD-4 and MrSpeakers Aeon Flow Closed (at work, the LCD-4 leaks so much sound my co-workers would murder me). I'd been agonizing over the choices and, because I'd only heard a few amps like the Burson Conductor v2+, I wasn't really finding what I wanted.
After your description, I pulled the trigger on a Pure BiPolar. It is everything you say it is. Absolutely transparent. It's not uncommon for reviewers to use the glass metaphor for describing low distortion components: "It's like someone cleaned a sheet of glass between me and the music." In the case of the Pure BiPolar, I would have to say it's like I'm at an art exhibit looking at an insanely detailed picture, only to realize the artist is having me on. It's an empty frame mounted before a hole in the wall that looks into an entire room behind it. No glass at all!
Absolutely brilliant. If truly great audio reproduction is a marriage of art, science (theory), and technology (practice), then spritzer has mastered the ears, the slide rule, and the soldering iron in equal parts.
Caveat: I may be gushing a bit because this might be my first truly class-A, end-to-end balanced system. It is possible that this level of performance is less common than I realize. However, I'm not aware of anything in the sub-$4000 range that can.
Katz's Corner Episode 25: Adventures in...
Katz's Corner Episode 23: A Big Step Forward
Katz's Corner Episode 21: How Insensitive!...
Katz's Corner Episode 20: How Insensitive!
Katz's Corner Episode 18: Icelandic Wonder
Katz's Corner Episode 17: Perfecting...
Katz's Corner Episode 16: The Smoking Gun
Katz's Corner Episode 14: Guest Listeners Shoot...
Katz's Corner Episode 13 - The Big Shootout:...
Katz's Corner Episode 12: Throwing Down the...
Katz's Corner Episode 11: The Oppo Explosion
Katz's Corner Episode 10: Mid-Priced Sealed...
Katz's Corner Episode 9: Astell & Kearn...
Katz's Corner Episode 8: My Current Affair
Katz's Corner, Episode 7: Mosfet Magic
Katz's Corner, Episode 6: Things Are Looking...


The Moreton Bay is a bay located on the eastern coast of Australia 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from central Brisbane, Queensland. It is one of Queensland's most important coastal resources. The waters of Moreton Bay are a popular destination for recreational anglers and are used by commercial operators who provide seafood to market.
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Moreton Bay is an Australian folk ballad which tells of the hardship a convict experienced at penal settlements around Australia, in particular, the penal colony at Moreton Bay, Queensland which was established to house convicts who had reoffended in settlements in New South Wales. The song references exceptionally brutal treatment of convicts while the colony was under the command of the infamous Patrick Logan. It also describes Logan's death at the hands of local Aborigines and the joy felt by the convicts upon hearing the news. The song may have been composed at the time of Logan's death on or soon after 18 October 1830. A version entitled The Convict's Arrival or The Convict's Lament on the Death of Captain Logan has been attributed to Francis MacNamara who was transported to Australia in 1832 and was never held at Moreton Bay. It is customarily sung to the tune of Boolavogue.
Some lines of Moreton Bay were used by bushranger Ned Kelly in his Jerilderie Letter in 1879.
Moreton Bay College was founded in 1901 by Miss Alice J. Alison Greene and her sister Anne, in a school specially designed and built by their father. Its location was in the heart of Wynnum town, on Bay Terrace, bounded by Charlotte and Florence Streets. The school was originally called Moreton Bay Girls' High School and was intended to provide, in addition to classrooms and other rooms, boarding facilities for thirty boarders. The first roll contained six boarders and twenty day scholars.


La Statue de George Sand is located in Paris. Arrange to visit La Statue de George Sand and other attractions in Paris using our Paris travel itinerary planner.
George Sand is just a pseudonym. It is in fact Amantine Aurore Lucile Dupin who had the title of Baroness Dudevant. She was critical literary, playwright, novelist, and journalist. This work pays homage to him and was created in 1904 by the french sculptor François-Léon Sicard, who died in Paris in 1934. A beautiful sculpture. Look at the fine detail.
The Muse of Fryderyk Chopin.


Black Friday and Thanksgiving Day brought record mobile engagement for PayPal, with 511 percent and a 538 percent increase in global mobile payment volume when compared to Thanksgiving and Black Friday 2010, respectively.
It looks like Cyber Monday is also bringing record sales for the payments giant. The company is reporting that as of 11 a.m. PST, PayPal is already seeing a six-fold increase (514 percent) more mobile payment volume on Cyber Monday 2011 compared to the same time period on Cyber Monday 2010.
Some of that mobile payment volume could come from sales from eBay. The e-commerce giant just revealed that this morning people picked up four iPad 2 tablets per minute, at a discounted price.
Already, we're seeing reports that Cyber Monday online sales are up 18 percent for this same time period over Cyber Monday 2010. The number of consumers using a mobile device to visit a retailer's site is 11.7 percent and the number of consumers using their mobile device to make a purchase is 6.4 percent.
General mobile sales and traffic to retailers are also up, and in terms of devices, the iPhone continues to lead all mobile device traffic at 4.66 percent, followed by Android at 3.7 percent and iPad at 3.12 percent.


This project's scientific premise is that our ability to assess and predict short- and long-term responses of harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their human health impacts to climate change requires characterization of critical rates and behavioral patterns in natural populations, generated, whenever possible, through in situ observations.
Our goal is to understand and predict how climate variability influences harmful algal bloom (HAB) dynamics, toxin exposure to the human population, and impacts on human health.
The overall objective of the proposed research is to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which early-life exposure to harmful algal bloom (HAB) toxins may interfere with neurodevelopment to cause persistent neurobehavioral changes later in life.
The overall objective of the Community Engagement Core (CEC) is to prevent human heath exposure to harmful algal bloom (HAB) toxins by strengthening public and stakeholder knowledge about HABs and their impacts, fostering collaboration among stakeholders and bi-directional dialogue with WHCOHH researchers, and improving awareness of HAB issues in public health communities.
The major goal of the Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health (WHCOHH) during 2012 - 2018 is to carry out research on harmful algal bloom (HAB) detection and bloom dynamics, and HAB toxin effects, through a strong and integrated set of research projects, in the context of a Center structure.
Past research at the WHCOHH examined a variety of oceanographic issues, ranging from modeling Alexandrium populations in the Gulf of Maine to the distribution of pathogens in coastal waters. Included are also the center's many pilot projects and information regarding the Genomics Core Facility.


text:
Q: What unusual effects can taunts come in? What effects can Unusual Taunts come in? Couldn't find anything on the wiki, and the TF2 wiki hasn't been updated yet.

A: Looking here it seems like there's a pretty good number of taunt effects out. Names are taken off of the imgur album I found. All of these can go on any taunt, or at least those dropped off of the new crate, the Audition Reel. At the moment, any unusual taunt is going for stupid amounts of cash/buds, as you can see here.
Screaming Tiger

'72

Holy Grail

Skill Gotten Gains

Silver Cyclone

Midnight Whirlwind
(not pictured)
Mega-Strike

Showstopper

Fountain of Delight

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Apple has recently moved forward in their effort to provide iTunes through a cloud, allowing one to synch his iPod, iPhone, and computer through the same account. This would allow users to keep their music library online, and stream content to whichever device they so choose, which is dramatically different from iTunes' main method of music distribution – that it must stay in one library.
Apple is currently negotiating with the major record labels, and has 3 of the 4 on board – Sony, EMI, and Warner. They hope to get Universal on board in order to launch their complete library of songs. Google and Amazon are also both experimenting with cloud management technologies for music, but were unable to ink deals with the record labels.


Pasadena ISD is preparing our students for the Digital Age by integrating technology into their classroom lessons. Technology serves as a bridge to more engaged, relevant, meaningful, and personalized learning experiences. Through the 1:1 initiative, students will have access to a netbook or tablet device and academic software. It is the responsibility of parents and educators to provide an environment in which our students develop the skills necessary for successful living, learning, and working in the 21st Century.


WANG MUGNO & PARK is the firm of choice for clients ranging from international corporate clients transacting business and investments to individuals buying and selling small businesses and properties. Since its small beginnings in 2007, WANG MUGNO & PARK has become one of the most recognized New Jersey law firms specializing in representing businesses and individuals with international background.
* Working professional proficiency in at least one foreign language.
As of date Wang Mugno & Park is capable of representing international clients using Mandarin Chinese, Korean, Italian and Russian.
At WANG MUGNO & PARK, loyalty is our strong suit. Whether our client is an individual, a small to medium size company or an international conglomerate, we are always committed to further only our clients' interest. We do so by maintaining a strong policy insulating our counsels and staffs from outside interferences whether in the form of offers or threats. We do not stand down until specifically requested by our clients.
Beijing Weiying Technology Co. Ltd.
Atlantic Petroleum and Resources Group Ltd.
Eastern Energy & Mines Ltd.
Frosana International Corp. – U.S. subsidiary of Nantex Corp.
WANG MUGNO & PARK is the firm of choice for clients ranging from international corporate clients transacting business and investments to individuals buying and selling small businesses and properties. We has become one of the most recognized New Jersey law firms specializing in representing businesses and individuals with international background.


It's that time – today we're talking fast. The "Shake-and-Bake" kind of fast. And it seems only appropriate that a post about site speed should be our shortest to date. So let's start this thing up and go for the record. It's true that there are plenty of situations in which going faster is not ideal. Negotiating a mountain road in the rain. Disarming a doomsday device. Or removing a splinter from a two-year old's foot (in case you're wondering; this last one is pure torture for all involved).
But here – online – speed is now a virtue like never before. Having faster page speeds is now of critical importance. Not just because it reduces bounce rate (the number of visitors who leave from the page they arrived at) and increases your conversion rate. But also because your search availability is directly impacted by the speed at which your pages are served to users. The dramatic increase in mobile web use also means that more visitors than ever before are actually not even seeing the desktop version of your site. Want mobile users to exit your site with blinding speed? Make them sit and wait for page content to render.
These days, an acceptable page service time is typically between 0 and 3 seconds. For sites with mostly text content, this isn't much of a stretch. But for beautiful, media-rich sites, it can represent a significant challenge. Sure, there are a lot of factors to consider when making your site faster. But before giving up, know that nailing at least some of them has become critically important. With that in mind, speed optimizing certainly warrants a bit of thought. After all, while it's unlikely you'll nail every one, better times can help give you better position. Just like on the track. And just like on the track; there are many, many things that influence site speed. Here are a few ways you can "get fast" that should be well within reach of almost any website operator – from a cost and expertise standpoint.
1. Be sure to optimize your pages for mobile handsets and tablets.
2. Minify script and style sheets and use them sparingly.
3. Load CSS and scripts universally, rather than page-by-page.
4. "Lazy load" only the page content a user sees as they scroll.
5. Use a good web host; if you can afford it, specify an SSD server.
6. Limit the amount of larger file types that appear on each page, like images and video.
7. Compress images, video, and other files to the fullest extent that you can.
8. Do not scale images; where possible, they should render at 100% size.
9. Use cacheing to load previously-requested content faster.
10. Test your pages using an online tool like Google's PageSpeed Insights.
11. Use "Expires Headers" to lessen repeat downloads.
12. Dump dead weight; unused plugins, modules, and other artifacts.
13. Eliminate redirects and dead links wherever possible.
Do your homework. There's a good chance third party code already exists to serve some of your purposes. But you can take things even further with adequate time and skill on hand. If you aren't comfortable with your ability to handle at least a few of these thirteen items, there are many places to find a qualified developer within your budget who can. Starting right here. Because once you get a glimpse of how optimization can benefit your traffic and conversion rates, you'll feel the need for speed, too.
Just like Plato and Ricky Bobby.


c) The Institute in which he/she is studying shall forward the application through the portal to the Education/Disability Welfare Department of the State Govt. concerned after doing the necessary verification of the facts contained in the application like age, date of birth, Disability certificate, recognition of the course, fees received etc.
d) Final selection will be done by the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities based on the recommendations of the State Govt. considering, inter alia, the no. of slots available to that particular State.
** The detailed guidelines of the scholarship scheme and the standard operation procedure with the timelines is available on the National Scholarship Portal (NSP) Portal.
** Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) available on the NSP homepage of the website for filling up of Online Application.
** Print out of the online application along with attested photocopies of supporting documents is to be submitted to the concerned institutes.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home > Get Support > Grants Search > The Merlin Trust
The Merlin Trust
Grants are available for young people aged between 18 and 35 who are studying or work in horticulture to undertake a wide range of projects at home and abroad. The Trust also considers applications from horticulturists over 35 years old if they are in their first five years of a career in horticulture.
You may be eligible if you are a British or Irish national, aged between 18 and 35 and are studying, or have a career in, horticulture. The Trust also considers applications from horticulturists aged over 35 if they are in the first five years of their career.
Please note that grants are only awarded to help with travel costs. The Trust can't help with any other items.
Download an application form from the Merlin Trust website.
Applications invited at any time of year and at least three months before travel.
Merlin Trust Secretary, St Andrews Botanic Garden
Canongate, St Andrews
KY16 8RT
Email: info@merlin-trust.org.uk
Web: http://www.merlin-trust.org.uk

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Faculty >
Victoria L. Brooks MD
Victoria L. Brooks
Clinical Assistant Professor of Psychiatry; Medical Director, CPEP
Department of Psychiatry
Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences
Specialty/Research Focus
Erie County Medical Center
462 Grider Street
vlbrooks@buffalo.edu
Looking for a doctor? This faculty member is affiliated with UBMD, the group comprised of practicing physicians who are also professors in the UB Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences.
View this faculty on UBMD
Overview Publications Activities Latest News
Professional Summary:
I am a Board Certified psychiatrist, working full time in the Comprehensive Psychiatric Emergency Program at Erie County Medical Center, where I am the Medical Director as well.
I also serve on the faculty of the University at Buffalo, training medical students as well as psychiatric residents both didactically and clinically.
Education and Training:
Residency, Psychiatry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Co-Chief Resident (2006)
MD, Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (2002)
BA, English, Pre-Medicine, Boston College, Cum Laude, with honors (1998)
Clinical Assistant Professor, Psychiatry, Erie County Medical Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (2006-present)
Awards and Honors:
Outstanding Contributions to the Clinical Mission of the Department of Psychiatry (2014)
Outstanding Contributions to Research in the Department of Psychiatry (2012)
Outstanding Contributions to the Comprehensive Psychiatric Emergency Program (2012)
Special Award for Service Above and Beyond the Call of Duty in CPEP (2011)
Outstanding Contributions to Resident Education (2010)
Outstanding Contributions to Medical Student Education (2010)
Outstanding Contributions to CPEP (2008)
Appointed Outpatient Chief Resident (2005)
Appointed Co-Chief Resident (2005)
Journal Articles:
Leo RJ, Brooks VL. Clinical potential of milnacipran, a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, in pain. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2006; 7(7).
Professional Memberships:
American Psychiatric Association; I have elected to become a member of the American Psychiatric Association. (2007–present)
Service Activities:
Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences Curriculum Committee; Member (2004)
Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences Admissions Committee; Member (2003)
Community Mental Health Clinic; I have served on the Board of Directors of Mid Erie, a community mental health clinic in Buffalo, New York, since June of 2004. I am a member of the Nominating Committe of the Board, as well as the Chair of the Program and Special Review Committee.; Board of Directors (2004–present)
School News:
Patient Care:
Clinical Specialties:
Clinical Offices:
Insurance Accepted:
Login to Update Your Profile


text:
New Tomica Limited Vintage for March 2019
Filed to:Tomica
All images from the official website.
Screenshot: Tomytec
Tomytec has recently unveiled the Tomica Limited Vintage releases scheduled for March 2019.
Sorry for the delay again, been pretty busy recently. Four castings are scheduled, three are modified variants of existing castings, and one is a recolour.
Two more releases of the Subaru 360 have been announced, both specially boxed releases celebrating the Subaru Web Community, an official Subaru website for fans to gather. The sides each feature the mascot character of the website, and both have the opening engine cover. This is the first release of the 360 with the open convertible top, as the 360 was first released as a regular two-door for October 2018.
A police-specification ɛ̃fini RX-7 (LV-N 180) and a Montego Blue Type R (LV-N 174) have been announced for March. The police-spec version features the traditional antenna, siren, and deflector. The Type R is largely the same as the silver and yellow versions released in September.
The Hino Ranger KL 545 (LV-N 162) is a recolour of a cast depicting a popular 4-ton flatbed truck, now in pale blue over black. Prior releases were in dark green over red, and plain white over black.
Another release of the X80-generation Toyota Mark II (LV-N 179) has been announced, this time a 1990-onwards 2.5 Grande G, a top-of-the-line model. The release previously announced for February represents a sportier 2.5 GT Twin Turbo, featuring the 1JZ-GTE inline six.


text:
Nice guys do finish first and three other takeaways from Day 4 of the 3M Open
By Christopher Powers
Matthew Stockman
The 3M Open may not have had an epic duel between Justin Thomas and Collin Morikawa, or some Jon Rahm fireworks on the back nine, but it did still provide an entertaining Sunday finish. The final few holes at TPC Twin Cities, just like they did during Matthew Wolff's first career win a year ago, made for quite the tug of war down the stretch.
Here are our four takeaways from Day 4 of the 3M Open.
RELATED: The prize money payout at the 3M Open
Nice guys do finish first
First things first, if you haven't read our Alex Myers' piece on how adoption gave Michael Thompson and his family life and love during the lockdown, you should do that soon (after reading this, of course). You'll come out of it wondering why you weren't pulling for this guy all day long, a reminder that nice guys do finish first, just not as much as we'd all like.
Thompson's victory on Sunday at TPC Twin Cities is the second of his PGA Tour career, the first coming at the 2013 Honda Classic, when he won in equally boring and effective fashion. That Sunday he grinded out a one-under 69 for a two-stroke victory at PGA National. On Sunday outside Minneapolis, he plodded his way around to a four-under 67, refusing to make a mistake and making every putt he needed to make to close it out. It wasn't as flashy as a Rahm win or as bold and brash as a Bryson DeChambeau victory, but it didn't need to be. There are still plenty of ways to get it done on tour.
Unfortunately for Thompson, his family wasn't around to see win No. 2, which probably had a lot of folks reaching for the tissues on Sunday evening.
"It's been a long time," said a teary-eyed Thompson of his time between wins. "I'm just sad my wife and kids aren't to celebrate this with me. I can't wait to see them, I don't know what to say."
I'm not crying. You're crying.
Stacy Revere
What a weekend from Adam Long
Great stat, as always, from Justin Ray here:
If not for Thompson's red-hot putter, Long more than likely would have become the fourth player to accomplish this ridiculous feat in the last decade. His seven-under 64 saw him climb 11 spots up the leader board, and he eventually settled for solo second. He now has two runner-ups since his breakthrough victory at the American Express in 2019, plus an eighth-place finish at the Waste Management in 2019. He may be a 31-year-old journeyman, but he's proving to be far more than a random one-hit wonder.
He's also now going to get to play in the U.S. Open. Long's solo second place finished was good enough to earn him an automatic exemption to play at Winged Foot in September.
RELATED: The clubs Michael Thompson used to win the 3M Open
The human ATM went full human ATM
Before we praise Charles Howell III for his 96th—96th !!!— career top-10 finish on the PGA Tour, we first have a bone to pick: How do you leave that eagle putt short on 18 that would have gotten you a share of the clubhouse lead? Chucky Three Sticks, of all people, could have afforded a three-putt had he juiced the eagle putt past the hole like he should have. That thing simply must get to or past the hole, especially when you are closing in on $40 million career on-course earnings. C'mon Chuck, live a little!
Turns out, it wouldn't have been enough to win the tournament, anyway, so we'll let it slide. Short eagle effort or not, 96 career top 10s is flat-out incredible. And yet, he's still nowhere near Tiger Woods' all-time record of … wait for it … 199. Yeah, that dude is pretty good.
Tony, Tony, Tony
Speaking of top-10 machines, that pretty much sums up Tony Finau's existence right now. It sounds disrespectful, sure, but it's also true. Big Tone now has 30 top-10 finishes without a victory since the beginning of the 2016-'17 season. That's 14 clear of the next closest competitor, Tommy Fleetwood, who has 16. What's most frustrating about Finau is that these are no ordinary top 10s, as he's often in serious contention. His T-3 on Sunday marks his 15th top-five finish since the 2017 Farmers Insurance Open. That is a LOT of opportunities to not cash in a win on.
For Finau fans, bettors or anyone interesting in rooting for a genuine good guy, Sunday had to be the most unacceptable miss so far. Outside of Matthew Wolff or a hobbled Brooks Koepka, Finau was easily the most-talented player to tee it up at TPC Twin Cities this week. At 16 under through 64 holes, this was Finau's tournament for the taking, and he played the final eight holes in even par. With his length, Finau should be playing those final three holes in two under at minimum. If he couldn't get it done this week, when can we ever expect him too?
This all may sound harsh, but for the Finau faithful, it's all out of love. Happy to be proven wrong, sooner rather than later. I fully expect this paragraph to end up on the Freezing Cold Takes Twitter account when he wins the PGA at Harding Park.


text:
Oscars continue a diversity-lacking award season
'Joker' leads with 11 nominations as women, minorities miss out
AFP, LOS ANGELES
Bong Joon-ho's Parasite earned six nominations for the Oscar awards.
Dark comic book tale Joker topped the Oscar nominations Monday, picking up 11 nods including best picture and best director, as women and ethnic minorities were largely shut out once again.
The pre-dawn Academy Award announcement capped months of ceaseless campaigning by A-listers and studios, revealing which stars and movies have a shot at Hollywood's ultimate prize next month.
Todd Phillips's Joker, a bleak, arthouse origin story about Batman's nemesis starring Joaquin Phoenix, was just ahead of three films.
Quentin Tarantino's 1960s Tinseltown homage Once Upon a Time... in Hollywood, Sam Mendes's World War I odyssey 1917 and Martin Scorsese's The Irishman each earned 10 nominations, including best picture and director.
South Korean class satire Parasite, from Bong Joon-ho, secured the final best director slot, meaning once again no women made the shortlist.
Much of the focus so far this award season has been on the lack of female and ethnic minority filmmakers honored.
The acclaimed Little Women was acknowledged in several of the major categories, including best picture, but Greta Gerwig was snubbed for best director, in a repeat of her disappointing omission from the Golden Globes.
"Unfortunately there are just five nominees" for best director in an "incredibly strong year," one Academy voter who asked not to be named said. "I don't think it's a vote against female directors," he added.
In the history of the Oscars, only five women have been nominated for best director — including Gerwig, for 2017's Lady Bird.
Little Women acting nominee Florence Pugh told Variety she was "happy that everybody is upset" over Gerwig's snub.
"Congratulations to those men," actress and writer Issa Rae, co-host of the official Oscars nominations announcement, said pointedly as she presented the Academy's picks.
In an industry criticized for its lack of diversity, the Oscars picked only one non-white acting nominee — British star Cynthia Erivo, who plays US anti-slavery icon Harriet Tubman in Harriet.
"This is more than a dream come true," said Erivo, who was also nominated for performing the movie's rousing anthem Stand Up.
Notable snubs included Eddie Murphy for blaxploitation biopic Dolemite Is My Name, Jennifer Lopez for Hustlers, Awkwafina for The Farewell and Lupita Nyong'o for Us.
Industry website Deadline Hollywood called Monday's nominations "basically #OscarsSoWhite Part 2: #OscarsSoWhiterAndWithMoreMen," referring to a hashtag begun in 2015 in response to the lack of diverse nominees.
Last year, three of the four acting Oscars went to non-white performers. But in a possible sign of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' increasingly international outlook, Parasite became just the sixth non-English language movie nominated for both best international feature and best picture.
And the Academy pointed to a record number of female nominees overall, at 62.
The figure includes movie producers, documentary makers and technical categories such as best musical score, where Icelandic maestro Hildur Gudnadottir became the ninth woman nominated.
Robert De Niro was the biggest star overlooked in the best actor category for The Irishman, although Scorsese's nod makes him the most-nominated living director at the Oscars, with nine nods. The Irishman helped Netflix to 24 nominations — the first time it has ever topped the studio count.


The walking/photo journal has been on a bit of a lapse lately as life has gotten in the way as it sometimes does. I don't plan to take photos for the rest of the year sitting down, but today can be an exception.
Normally I have my fix of caffeine about 10.30, it usually happens after I have done some of the things I have to do, should do, and think I want to do. The first of these being that awful housework rubbish which includes a list so long in the morning that I wonder why I haven't turned into one of those metal robots a long time ago, you know the stuff, empty dishwasher, clear up after a morning kitchen war, feed the dog, put out washing. Then I go on to the office tasks, anything from tax returns, salaries, answering phones, filing, blah, blah and blah, and finally if I am lucky I get to grab some writing time.
They don't always happen in that order, and they don't always happen, but you get the gist. Anyhow, in need of my caffeine fix, and with the old sun coming out to play, I thought why not have said caffeine outside, which I did. Now as I normally blog when I am taking a break, I wondered if the laptop, (my old one having needed to be plugged in all the time or it would die) would get a signal outside?
So, I was delighted to discover that it does, which is a bit of a miracle because where we live is sorta in no mans land when it comes to Internet coverage and one rash turn can cause the whole thing to crash. Hope you enjoyed my tiny bit of waffle, just thought I'd fill you in while I emptied the cup! Maybe I should get out more????? Back to the grind, enjoy the pic!
thought you'd found a laptop among the daffodils for a second, but the coverage thing is still an exciting development. Here comes a long summer of sitting out!!!
Yeap, I'll have to check it out in a few spots, see where the signal will travel! I deffo need to get out more!!!
I get the kids breakfasted/uniformed/to school, then do the writing, and tackle the smelly morning kitchen (...around now actually...)better get tackling!
Hope you enjoyed the coffee, I enjoyed the post.
As I said Niamh, sometimes it happens in a different order or sometimes not at all!!! Happy writing!!


Asian Coins in North America is the title of Chapter 4 in Numismatic Archaeology of North America – A Field Guide, by Marjorie H. Akin, James C. Bard, and Kevin Akin (New York: Routledge, 2016). ISBN 978-1-61132-920-9 paperback (also available in hardback and ebook).
The book contains a lot of interesting information about East Asian coins found in North America, largely thanks to Marjorie H. Akin.
East Asian coins are mentioned throughout the book, but, the authors write, "Chinese coins and similar Asian coins were never used as circulating currency anywhere in North America, so they have been separated from the other coins that are discussed in this book." (p.65).
Why are Asian coins found in North America?
The article "Passionate Possession: the formation of private collections is" is updated as the final chapter of Numismatic Archaeology of North America. I still believe that more cooperation is needed between collectors and academics. Margie Akin, author.
Thank you! Great to hear from you!


DSQUARED2 revitalise a Seventies silhouette with these Richard piped seam jeans. Crafted in Italy, these jeans have a striking flared style atop an elegantly constructed straight fit, making for an intriguing merging of styles. Front leg creasing introduces a tailored aesthetic, while rear creasing gives a relaxed effect corresponding with the distressed, bleached effects. The Richard piped seam jeans also feature a button fly fastening, a waistband with belt loops, a five pocket design, a branded rear patch and a long length.


As the cracks appear in the once invincible wall of tax haven secrecy, it must be dawning on the rich and powerful that their privacy is no longer guaranteed and they must be asking: "where next" and "which havens remain safe"?
The advocacy group Global Financial Integrity reports that illegal channelling of profits offshore cost developing countries nearly US$6 trillion between 2001 and 2010. As Facebook posters like to remind us, 1% of the world's population owns half the wealth and they like to hoard it.
The Panama investigation has again featured a network of like-minded journalists in a range of countries. The network has been built up over a series of multinational collaborations. Among the organisations involved are The Guardian and BBC TV's Panorama programme, which have a longstanding relationship with the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) which is at the heart of this operation. The material is reported to have been leaked to the German newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung from the database of Mossack Fonseca, the world's fourth-biggest offshore law firm.
As the cracks appear in the once invincible wall of tax haven secrecy, it must be dawning on the rich and powerful that their privacy is no longer guaranteed. The opening reports of the Panama Papers focus on a US$2bn trail to Vladimir Putin, the president of Russia. But we can expect coming days to bring revelations about many more people. The last thing the rich and powerful who have offshore bank accounts want is publicity about them. Their questions must be "where next" and "which havens remain safe"?
TJN says Panama has long been the recipient of drugs money from Latin America, plus ample other sources of dirty money from the US and elsewhere – it is one of the oldest and best-known tax havens in the Americas. In recent years it has adopted a hard-line position as a jurisdiction that refuses to cooperate with international transparency initiatives.
The emergence of a multinational network of journalists prepared to take on these secret havens has at its heart the investigative journalist Gerard Ryle, who spent 26 years working as a reporter and editor in Australia and Ireland, including many years at The Sydney Morning Herald and The Age newspapers.A quietly spoken man, he uncovered some of the biggest stories in Australian journalism, winning four prestigious Walkley Awards including the Gold Walkley, Australia's highest award for journalism.


text:
Woods Services Leadership Debuts Book, Webinar Series on Organizational Change
"Thriving Through Transformation: A Practical Guide to Creating Organizational Change in the Social Sector" seeks to inspire current and emerging professionals in organization management
Few organizations have undergone the kind of radical transformation that helped Woods Services, a nonprofit organization that serves the complex needs of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, comprehensively re-envision its structure, services, and future. Now the organization is sharing its lessons learned and providing a roadmap to help other organizations in the newly released book, "Thriving Through Transformation: A Practical Guide to Creating Organizational Change in the Social Sector."
In the 228-page book, Tine Hansen-Turton, MGA, JD, FCCP, FAAN, president and CEO of Woods Services, and Peter Shubiak, MS, former chief operating officer, break down the essential elements of Woods' transformation. They use employee stories, research findings, and business best practices to explore themes that include creating a clear and consistent organizational vision; developing strategic directions and planning; managing change; engaging employees; cultivating a culture of innovation and care; embracing equity, diversity and inclusion; planning for mission-driven growth; improving infrastructure and enterprise shared services; and developing strategic positioning, policy, and thought leadership.
"We didn't set out to write a book, but as we saw how our work changed the lives of our clients, employees, and community members, we wanted to share what with learned with other mission-driven organizations," said Hansen-Turton.
Coinciding with the book's release is the launch of a free, monthly webinar series, Thriving Through Transformation. Moderated by Hansen-Turton, the symposia will include 90-minute virtual panel discussions with national and regional visionaries who will discuss cutting-edge innovation in the health and human services sector and beyond.
"All organizations must embrace change to best serve their clients, but it can be difficult to know where to start," said Hansen-Turton. "We hope our success story will inspire others to start the journey and serve as a roadmap to plan their own transformative journeys."
In the first webinar of the series, "Vision, Strategy, and Cultivating a Culture of Innovation," which took place Jan. 12, four health and human services experts discussed how they developed their own visions for organizational change, and then established both a strategy and a culture of innovation to weave those visions through every level of their organizations. Panelists included Josh Rubin, Principal, HMA; Rita Gardner, President and CEO, Melmark; Dawn Holden Woods, President, Generative Consulting Partners; and Dawn Diamond, Executive Vice President of Operations, Woods Services. This webinar is available as a recording.
Upcoming webinars will address employee engagement (Feb. 16), integrated and complex care for special populations (March 15), and Strategies for Avoiding the Cliff at 21: Models for Education, Behavioral and Family Supports (April 12). All webinars run from 3:30 to 5 p.m. and will be available as recordings.
"Thriving Through Transformation" is available for free electronically by clicking here or on www.socialinnovationsjournal.org. Hard copies are also available on Amazon. Hansen-Turton has written several other books, including "Making Strategy Count in the Health and Human Services Sector," "Practical Tools for Not-for-Profit Leaders," "The Social Innovator's Playbook 2.0," and more. All are available on Amazon.
Woods Services Awarded $100,000 Grant to Expand Access to Primary Care for People with Intellectual Disabilities
Woods, a New Jersey- and Pennsylvania-based life cycle care management organization, received one of the first Inclusive Health Communities Grants from the N.J. Department of Human Services' Division of Disability Services
LANGHORNE, P.A. (April 5, 2021) –Woods Services, a Pennsylvania and New Jersey-based nonprofit organization, was recently awarded a $100,000 capacity building grant to increase access to primary care for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and mental health challenges who experience significant disparities in access to care and health outcomes. With the funding, Woods will establish an integrated and inclusive primary care practice within or adjacent to Salem Medical Center, a hospital destination of choice for those living in or around Salem County, N.J. The initiative is funded by an Inclusive Healthy Communities Grant from the Division of Disability Services, New Jersey Department of Human Services, and administered by Rutgers University Bloustein School of Public Policy and Planning. Woods is one of the first recipients of an Inclusive Health Communities Grant, a program that launched in January. This national initiative of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention focuses on policy, systems and environmental change to create inclusive healthy communities.
Woods' project, titled "Expanding Access to Primary Care for People with Intellectual Disabilities," will be implemented over the next nearly 18 months. Other program partners include Woods' affiliates Allies, Inc., located in Hamilton Township, N.J., and Legacy Treatment Services in Mount Holly, N.J., that along with three other human services nonprofits, comprise Woods' life-cycle management and advocacy organization serving 22,000 people with disabilities in Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
Woods will conduct a needs assessment of health care access and experience among people with disabilities, their families and provider organizations to further inform project planning. In addition, an inclusive primary care practice will be established over the 18-month timeline, serving community members with and without disabilities in Salem County and surrounding areas. Outcomes will be documented and shared. The health care model proposed will be replicable throughout New Jersey where there are documented shortages of primary care providers and gaps in services.
The grant builds on the successful patient-centered medical home model employed by the Medical Center at Woods located at the Langhorne campus. Woods utilizes quality care coordination as well as the deployment of nurse practitioners as primary care providers. Woods' model places an emphasis on prevention and management of chronic conditions thereby reducing unnecessary and costly emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalizations.
Children and adults with IDD and mental health challenges experience multiple barriers to healthcare access, including finding providers who are willing to take the time often needed for longer patient visits and are trained to overcome communication, behavioral or other challenges. Additionally, children and adults with IDD and behavioral challenges tend to have more complex medical issues than those without. When their intellectual disability is linked to a variety of genetic disorders, the medical challenges may significantly exceed those of persons without such genetic conditions.
The proposed primary care settings are adapted to mobility, communication and sensory needs, delivered by providers who are well-versed in the care of people with disabilities and complex needs, and who are able to accommodate and overcome barriers to care resulting from those complex challenges. The project will focus primarily on Salem County and adjacent counties which have gaps in access to care, and where project partners have a strong presence serving individuals with IDD and mental health challenges and their families.
"As a life-cycle care management organization, we are grateful for this grant that will enable people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and challenges to receive first-rate healthcare in a setting that meets their needs, provided by people with expertise in treating their complex conditions," said Tine Hansen-Turton, president and CEO, Woods Services. "For many people with IDD and mental health challenges, who often have complicated medical needs, the ability to reduce environmental disruptions while providing them with exceptional healthcare is truly a game changer."
"We were truly excited to support Woods in their grant-seeking efforts to bring integrated and primary care services for people with intellectual disabilities," said Dr. Tammy Torres, CEO, Salem Medical Center. "Bringing these behavioral health services to our community is part of our strategic vision building on the opening of our adult Psychiatric Unit by bringing in complementary and integrated mental health programming."
This initiative was funded (or funded in part) by an Inclusive Healthy Communities Grant from the Division of Disability Services, New Jersey Department of Human Services.
About Woods Services
Woods Services is a nonprofit, life cycle care management and advocacy organization that, along with five affiliate organizations located in Pennsylvania and New Jersey – Allies, Inc., Archway Programs, Legacy Treatment Services, Tabor Services, and Woods Community at Brian's House – provides innovative, comprehensive, and integrated health, education, housing, workforce, behavioral health, and case management services to more than 20,000 children and adults in the intellectual and developmental disability, behavioral, child welfare, and brain trauma public health sectors who have complex and intensive medical and behavioral healthcare needs. Founded in 1913 by Philadelphia schoolteacher Mollie Woods with two simple goals – to advance quality of life and standard of care for individuals with disabilities – Woods Services continues its mission today by helping children and adults with disabilities or challenges to achieve their highest potential. Among the ways Woods does this is through its population health management strategy, which includes the integration of primary and specialty medical care with behavioral health in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. For more information, visit woods.org.
About Salem Medical Center
With a mission of delivering high quality, compassionate healthcare to Greater Salem County, SMC returned to not-for-profit status in 2019. Salem Medical Center is licensed for 126 beds, inclusive of medical-surgical, intensive care and behavioral health. SMC provides critical access to the community through its Emergency Department (nearly 20,000 patients annually), Surgery (outpatient/inpatient, about 2,500 cases annually) and Inpatient Acute Care (about 2,500 admissions annually). SMC has more than 200 physicians on staff. Salem Medical Center is dedicated to growing new services and recruiting physicians relevant to our community—making SMC a destination of choice for Salem County and surrounding areas.
Powering Ideas: The Ivan Project
One of Ivan Loesch's favorite things to do on a nice day is to ride from his residence at Beechwood NeuroRehab into Langhorne Borough. He will often stop to chat with friends along the way as he pops into the Tiger Mart, Luk-Oil gas station, and Dollar General. Thanks to Ivan's research and ingenuity and help from Woods' Maintenance Department, those trips into town are now being made in an electric wheelchair that is run on solar-powered batteries.
"I first got the idea from Super Storm Sandy, which was a major influence for this project. We were without power for about a week and I knew from my research that solar power does not go down during weather anomalies," said Ivan.
Ivan has always been an idea man so once he got the notion in his head to make his wheelchair solar-powered, there was no stopping him. He devoted himself to researching and learning everything he could about solar energy before diving into what is now known as "The Ivan Project".
After reading numerous articles and guides on solar power, Ivan reached out to Tyler Doan, Mechanical Lead in the Woods' Maintenance Department, for assistance. Tyler then enlisted the help of other department members, including electrician Frank Britsch and HVAC technician Tony Daniels. Despite the research, preparation and technical expertise of those working on the project, solar energy wasn't exactly in Frank and Tony's wheelhouse.
"We hooked everything up and everything was working and we come back the next day and the battery is drained and his wheelchair is not charged," said Tony, who has worked at Woods for three years. "We thought the manual was really going to tell us everything we needed but it didn't."
Though the project required some additional research and ended up taking longer than expected, the group did not give up and the system is now up and running. Ivan has a routine that he follows each day in order to ensure that his arsenal of batteries stay charged so he is able to make his trips into Langhorne Borough and joyride around the Beechwood NeuroRehab grounds. Ivan is very thankful to Frank and Tony for their willingness to participate in his project and bring his vision to life, but he says he's just getting started with his solar power plans.
"I would like to expand my solar apparatus. It would be great to power a tower at Woods. I know it's a big undertaking but I think it could be feasible," said Ivan, who will turn 40 in June and celebrate 20 years at Beechwood in July. "I want to do the tower because I think it could be symbolic, like a monument or a legacy."
Beechwood NeuroRehab Executive Director, Dr. Drew Nagele, served as the mediator for "The Ivan Project" and set all of the necessary wheels into motion after hearing about the idea from Ivan himself.
"Ivan's determination to explore and experiment with alternative energies has now paid off," said Nagele. "I'm extremely proud of Ivan's accomplishment of creating a solar-powered wheelchair.
As for Frank and Tony, though "The Ivan Project" was frustrating at times, the pair was happy to help Ivan's dream become a reality.
"I happened to be in Beechwood Manor when he was talking to Drew (Nagele) and I heard him telling people that he loved it and that he would like to do more stuff with (solar energy)," said Frank. "Anytime you see our individuals and you know they are happy because of something you did, it's rewarding."
The solar panels are on a 45-degree angle in the back of (Ivan's residence) facing Southwest, where we can get the most sunlight. There are two wires on the back that absorb and transfer the energy into the basement. Once in the basement it goes to a control panel, from the control panel it goes to a battery. The battery absorbs the electricity from the solar panel. From the battery it goes to an inverter. The inverter changes the power from direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC), which is then fed into a receptacle that is connected to a wire that goes through the basement up a half-wall that is connected to the other end of an outlet, which is where Ivan plugs his battery in for his wheelchair.
Video version of Powering Ideas: The Ivan Project
Social Innovations Journal Launch Event
CREATING A SOCIAL INNOVATION'S MOVEMENT
WITHIN HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
THE BUCKS COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA STORY
PLEASE NOTE: This event is sold out.
The Social Innovations Journal in partnership with Bucks County Human Services, Woods Services, Magellan Healthcare, and Independence Blue Cross Foundation is pleased to host this SYMPOSIUM on Tuesday, Sept. 26 that will examine successful and innovative models and partnerships within the Bucks County, PA Region as an example of how health and human services organizations are innovating across the country. This edition specifically explores new innovative models of care for:
Aging Populations
Physical and Developmental Disabilities
"Health and human serving system leaders are discarding the old ways of doing business in favor of new approaches that are innovative, efficient, effective, and responsive to the needs and demands of a dynamic and rapidly changing society. We are shifting from a reactive and crisis-oriented services delivery model to one that focuses "upstream" and better enables all of us to live to our full potential and to more effectively identify and address root causes when we do encounter roadblocks along the way." (American Public Health and Human Services Association, November 2016)
Health and human services agencies along with their nonprofit and community partners in counties around the country have started to approach traditional long standing societal challenges differently. They are capitalizing on public/private partnerships; breakthrough technologies; brokering unique cross-sector partnerships; blending funding sources, and applying family-centered and community-based approaches to find innovative solutions with the expectation that these will lead to efficiencies and better client outcomes. Ultimately, regional health and human services agencies, collectively, are shaping a new ecosystem across sectors and systems that will align services, integrate data systems, leverage technologies and create system transformation.
PLEASE JOIN US! As we have limited space capacity (100 participants) we ask that you only register if you are confident that you will attend.
Nicholas Torres
CEO/Co-Publisher
Tine Hansen Turton
President & CEO of Woods Services
Co-Publisher
Jonathan Rubin
Human Services Director
Registration/Networking Light Refreshments
Nicholas Torres, SIJ Publisher
Tine Hansen-Turton, CEO, Woods Services and SIJ Publisher
Charles Martin, Chairman, Bucks County Board of Commissioners
Jon Rubin, Human Services Director Bucks County
Tracy Wareing Evans, President and CEO, the American Public Human Services Association
Current state of Human Services/Human Services Value Curve and the Value of and future for Public-Private partnerships
CONSUMER VOICE AND PERSPECTIVE
Lessons learned from the consumer perspective: Bonnie Healey
PARTNERSHIP INNOVATION STORIES
Bucks County: Connect. Assess. Refer. Engage. Support. (BCARES) program: Margie Rivera, Associate Director, Bucks County Drug and Alcohol Commission and Eric Stark, Executive Director, Bucks County Health Improvement Partnership
Using the Sequential Intercept Model to build collaboration and support community engagement: Christina Finello, Deputy Director, Bucks County Human Services
Foundations Summer Internship Program: Ron Bernstein, Executive Director, Foundations Community Partnership
CRITICAL THINKING ROUNDTABLES
PANEL REACTION
Moderated by Tine Hansen-Turton, CEO Woods Services
Tracy Wareing Evans, President and CEO, American Public Human Services Association
Audrey Tucker, CEO Family Service Association of Bucks County
Dr. Mark Hoffman, Ed.D., Executive Director Bucks County Intermediate Unit
Jon Rubin, Director of Human Services, Bucks County
Heather Major, Independece Blue Cross Foundation
CLOSING REMARKS/NEXT STEPS
Tine Hansen-Turton & Jon Rubin
Woods Makes Mark in Latest Edition of Social Innovations Journal
Yesterday, Woods Services was in the spotlight at the Social Innovations Journal (SIJ) launch of issue 32: Social Impact and Innovative Models to Support Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Their Families Throughout the Lifespan. Keynote speakers included Woods' own Dr. Scott Spreat who presented a brief history of the field as well as studies concerning the employment of people with disabilities both in workshops and in the community that showed a significant drop in employment of people with I/DD when workshops are closed.
Woods CEO, Tine Hansen-Turton, who is the co-founder of the Social Innovations Journal, moderated a panel discussion with topics covering aging in place for people with I/DD; technology improvements that facilitate quality of life enhancements for people with I/DD who have physical, cognitive, emotional and communication challenges; different kinds of supportive living arrangements for people with I/DD; and the harmful impact of the American Health Care Act (AHCA) on Medicaid and Medicare that many of our staff and the individuals we serve rely on.
Numerous staff from Woods and our affiliates submitted articles for this issue of the SIJ that speak to the innovative programs and supports we offer. Please take the time to read their articles and thank them for the great work that they do! You can read their articles at http://www.socialinnovationsjournal.org/editions/current-edition.


Novare Science & Math produces 7-12th grade curriculum for Christian educational environments. Our unique "Mastery Learning" paradigm helps break the Cram, Pass, Forget cycle and replace it with "Learn, Master, Retain" so that students get a better science education. Textbooks and other materials also INTEGRATE across relevant subject such as history of science, language skills, technical writing, and many of the humanities wherever possible. And we also employ an elegant, mature KINGDOM perspective on science—not beating kids over the head with Bible verses and devotional insets, but encouraging the attitude of a steward over creation, inculcating a sense of wonder, and fostering worship of Jesus Christ the creator of all things.


text:
Angeltürn ist ein Stadtteil von Boxberg im Main-Tauber-Kreis im fränkisch und badisch geprägten Nordosten Baden-Württembergs. Die mittelalterliche Wehrkirche dominiert das Bild des Dorfes.

Geographie

Das Dorf Angeltürn liegt in einem überwiegend hochwasserfreien rechten Seitental der Umpfer, das der nicht ganz zwei Kilometer lange Angeltürner Bach durchläuft. Der Siedlungskern liegt am Mittellauf, kurz bevor der im Südwesten entspringende Bach am Zufluss des Eichengrabens aus dem Westen auf Ostlauf knickt. Heute zieht sich die Besiedlung in der engen Talmulde von etwas unterhalb der Seitentalgabel bis weit ins Obertal hinauf.

Auf dem Gebiet der ehemaligen Gemeinde Angeltürn liegt außer dem Dorf () noch die abgegangene Ortschaft Brechelberg.

Geschichte

Mittelalter
Der Ort wurde im Jahre 1410 erstmals urkundlich als Angertal erwähnt. Es handelt sich vermutlich um einen späteren Ausbauort von Uiffingen.

Neuzeit
Weitere urkundliche Erwähnungen des Ortes folgten 1589 als Angelthor, 1650 als Angeldarn und 1764 als Angelthurn. Angeltürn gehörte zunächst zur Herrschaft Boxberg und gelangte mit dieser wohl an die Herren von Rosenberg und im 16. Jahrhundert größtenteils an ihre Verwandten, die Herren von Dienheim. Im Jahre 1578 erwarb Albrecht von Dienheim den restlichen Teil, etwa ein Fünftel des Ortes, von Eberhard von Leyen und wurde damit Alleinbesitzer. Nach einem Familienstreit kam Angeltürn im Jahre 1589 schließlich unter die pfälzische Zenthoheit mit Sitz in Boxberg. Im Dreißigjährigen Krieg lag der Ort völlig wüst. 1688 war Angeltürn in Besitz W. von Brunns, später in der Hand der Grafen von Degenfeld-Schomburg, die den Ort 1708 an die Herren von Holzel verkauften. Seit 1788 war Angeltürn in Besitz der Freiherren von Fick, die ebenfalls die pfälzische Landeshoheit anerkannten. Im Jahre 1617 wurde das Ficksche Schloss erbaut.

1803 erhielt der Fürst zu Leiningen auf Grund des Napoleonischen Entschädigungsvertrages unter anderem Angeltürn mit seiner Gemarkung. Nach Auflösung des Fürstentums durch die Rheinbundakte gehörte Angeltürn ab 1806 dann zum neuen Großherzogtum Baden und ab 1919 zum Land Baden, das aus dem Großherzogtum Baden hervorging, bevor der Ort ab 1871 zum Deutschen Reich gehörte. Als es 1952 zur Gründung des Südweststaates kam, löst sich Baden in seiner Selbständigkeit auf und Angeltürn gehörte fortan zum neu geschaffenen Bundesland Baden-Württemberg.

Am 1. Januar 1973 wurde die zuvor selbstständige Gemeinde Angeltürn gemeinsam mit Bobstadt, Epplingen, Lengenrieden, Schwabhausen, Uiffingen und Windischbuch während der Gebietsreform in Baden-Württemberg nach Boxberg eingemeindet.

Einwohnerentwicklung

Die Bevölkerung von Angeltürn entwickelte sich wie folgt:

Politik

Bürgermeister
Siehe auch: Liste der Bürgermeister der Stadt Boxberg

Ortschaftsrat
Der Ortschaftsrat besteht aus drei Personen. Ortsvorsteher ist Stefan Schulz.

Wappen
Die Blasonierung des Wappens lautet: "In Silber auf grünem Boden ein roter Torturm."

Religion

Christentum
Angeltürn gehörte kirchlich ursprünglich zu Wölchingen. Im Jahre 1410 wurde eine Kapelle Unserer Lieben Frau urkundlich erwähnt. Unter den Herren von Rosenberg wurde die heute evangelische Kirche im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert in der heutigen Form erbaut. Durch die Ortsherrschaft kam es zur Reformation. Vor 1578 hatte der Ort eine eigene Pfarrei, zunächst lutherisch, durch die Pfalz im Jahre 1589 reformiert mit zeitweiligen Filialen in Schwabhausen und in Windischbuch. Im Jahre 1624 wurde der protestantische Pfarrer vertrieben und das Pfarrhaus zerstört. Seitdem werden die Evangelischen von Wölchingen und Boxberg aus betreut. Ab dem 18. Jahrhundert war die eigene Pfarrei unbesetzt und der Ort wurde kirchlich von Boxberg aus versorgt. Die Wehrkirche des 14. Jahrhunderts mit Fresken aus dem 15. Jahrhundert wurde im Jahre 1908 restauriert. Sie liegt burgartig über dem Ort und hat einen breiten, in den Obergeschossen profan wirkenden Chorturm. Auf einem kleinen Friedhof hinter der Wehrkirche befindet sich das Grabmal des letzten Besitzers von Angeltürn, Franz von Fick.

Seit 1770 findet ein katholischer Gottesdienst in einer im Untergeschoss des Fickschen Schlosses eingerichteten Kapelle St. Josef statt. Im Jahre 1879 erhielten die Katholiken vom letzten Grundherrn des Ortes, Franz von Fick, das Schloss zur Verwendung als Pfarrhaus und katholische Kirche. 1901 wurde eine Pfarrei errichtet. Zu dieser zählte nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg noch Gräffingen. In der heutigen Zeit werden die Katholiken von Boxberg aus betreut.

Judentum
Die jüdische Gemeinde Angeltürn bestand seit dem 18. Jahrhundert und existierte bis zu ihrer Auflösung am 11. Dezember 1913. Danach lebten noch einzelne Juden im Ort bis zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus. Die jüdische Gemeinde Angeltürn besaß die Synagoge Angeltürn, eine Religionsschule und ein rituelles Bad.

Kultur und Sehenswürdigkeiten

Kulturdenkmale
Unbewegliche Bau- und Kunstdenkmale des Ortes sind in der vom Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart herausgegebene Liste der Bau- und Kunstdenkmale aufgeführt. Eine Auskunft ist auf Anfrage bei der Unteren Denkmalschutzbehörde der Stadt Boxberg erhältlich.

Wehrkirche
Im Ort befindet sich eine spätmittelalterliche Burg- bzw. Wehrkirche (auch Evangelische Kirche Angeltürn), die in ihrer heutigen Form im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert erbaut wurde.

Ficksches Schloss mit St. Josef

Das im Jahre 1617 erbaute, 1768 erweiterte Ficksche Schloss (auch Angeltürner Schloss und Katholische Kirche Angeltürn), ist ein einfaches Herrschaftshaus mit steinernem Untergeschoss und Fachwerkoberbau. Es diente den Freiherren von Fick als Familiensitz. Die Schlosskapelle, im erweiterten Anbau von 1768, wird bis heute als Kirche St. Josef von den katholischen Einwohnern genutzt. Nach dem Erlöschen der Familie von Fick im Jahre 1879 ging das Schloss an den katholischen Pfarrfond über.

Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur

Verkehr
Angeltürn ist über die K 2839 (im Ortsbereich auch Kronenstraße genannt) zu erreichen.

Wohnen und Bauen
Seit 1960 besteht im Nordosten von Angeltürn ein Neubaugebiet.

Persönlichkeiten

Literatur

 Herbert Gagalick: Heimatfest Angeltürn. Hrsg.: Festausschuß Angeltürn. Angeltürn 1986
 Carl W.F.L. Stocker: Chronik von Angelthurn, Schillingstadt, Schwabhausen, Windischbuch, Sachsenflur. Heidelberg 1870.

Weblinks

 Angeltürn - Altgemeinde, Teilort unter www.leo.bw.de
 Messtischblatt 6523 Boxberg von 1886 in der Deutschen Fotothek
 Messtischblatt 6523 Boxberg im Landkartenarchiv

Einzelnachweise

Stadtteil von Boxberg (Baden)
Ort im Main-Tauber-Kreis
Ehemalige Gemeinde (Main-Tauber-Kreis)
Ersterwähnung 1410
Gemeindeauflösung 1973

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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