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Tuesday: I Kings 19-22 Tuesday, May 27, 2020
The Books of History
I Kings 19-22 Thursday: Proverbs 7
Now Ahab told Jezebel everything Elijah had done and how he had killed all the prophets with the sword.
So Jezebel sent a messenger to Elijah to say, "May the gods deal with me, be it ever so severely, if by this time tomorrow I do not make your life like that of one of them."
Elijah was afraid and ran for his life. When he came to Beersheba in Judah, he left his servant there,
while he himself went a day's journey into the desert. He came to a broom tree, sat down under it and prayed that he might die. "I have had enough, LORD," he said. "Take my life; I am no better than my ancestors."
Then he lay down under the tree and fell asleep. All at once an angel touched him and said, "Get up and eat."
He looked around, and there by his head was a cake of bread baked over hot coals, and a jar of water. He ate and drank and then lay down again.
The angel of the LORD came back a second time and touched him and said, "Get up and eat, for the journey is too much for you."
So he got up and ate and drank. Strengthened by that food, he traveled forty days and forty nights until he reached Horeb, the mountain of God.
There he went into a cave and spent the night. And the word of the LORD came to him: "What are you doing here, Elijah?"
He replied, "I have been very zealous for the LORD God Almighty. The Israelites have rejected your covenant, broken down your altars, and put your prophets to death with the sword. I am the only one left, and now they are trying to kill me too."
The LORD said, "Go out and stand on the mountain in the presence of the LORD, for the LORD is about to pass by." Then a great and powerful wind tore the mountains apart and shattered the rocks before the LORD, but the LORD was not in the wind. After the wind there was an earthquake, but the LORD was not in the earthquake.
After the earthquake came a fire, but the LORD was not in the fire. And after the fire came a gentle whisper.
When Elijah heard it, he pulled his cloak over his face and went out and stood at the mouth of the cave. Then a voice said to him, "What are you doing here, Elijah?"
The LORD said to him, "Go back the way you came, and go to the Desert of Damascus. When you get there, anoint Hazael king over Aram.
Also, anoint Jehu son of Nimshi king over Israel, and anoint Elisha son of Shaphat from Abel Meholah to succeed you as prophet.
Jehu will put to death any who escape the sword of Hazael, and Elisha will put to death any who escape the sword of Jehu.
Yet I reserve seven thousand in Israel--all whose knees have not bowed down to Baal and all whose mouths have not kissed him."
So Elijah went from there and found Elisha son of Shaphat. He was plowing with twelve yoke of oxen, and he himself was driving the twelfth pair. Elijah went up to him and threw his cloak around him.
Elisha then left his oxen and ran after Elijah. "Let me kiss my father and mother good-by," he said, "and then I will come with you." "Go back," Elijah replied. "What have I done to you?"
So Elisha left him and went back. He took his yoke of oxen and slaughtered them. He burned the plowing equipment to cook the meat and gave it to the people, and they ate. Then he set out to follow Elijah and became his attendant.
Now Ben-Hadad king of Aram mustered his entire army. Accompanied by thirty-two kings with their horses and chariots, he went up and besieged Samaria and attacked it.
He sent messengers into the city to Ahab king of Israel, saying, "This is what Ben-Hadad says:
`Your silver and gold are mine, and the best of your wives and children are mine.'"
The king of Israel answered, "Just as you say, my lord the king. I and all I have are yours."
The messengers came again and said, "This is what Ben-Hadad says: `I sent to demand your silver and gold, your wives and your children.
But about this time tomorrow I am going to send my officials to search your palace and the houses of your officials. They will seize everything you value and carry it away.'"
The king of Israel summoned all the elders of the land and said to them, "See how this man is looking for trouble! When he sent for my wives and my children, my silver and my gold, I did not refuse him."
The elders and the people all answered, "Don't listen to him or agree to his demands."
So he replied to Ben-Hadad's messengers, "Tell my lord the king, `Your servant will do all you demanded the first time, but this demand I cannot meet.'" They left and took the answer back to Ben-Hadad.
Then Ben-Hadad sent another message to Ahab: "May the gods deal with me, be it ever so severely, if enough dust remains in Samaria to give each of my men a handful."
The king of Israel answered, "Tell him: `One who puts on his armor should not boast like one who takes it off.'"
Ben-Hadad heard this message while he and the kings were drinking in their tents, and he ordered his men: "Prepare to attack." So they prepared to attack the city.
Meanwhile a prophet came to Ahab king of Israel and announced, "This is what the LORD says: `Do you see this vast army? I will give it into your hand today, and then you will know that I am the LORD.'"
"But who will do this?" asked Ahab. The prophet replied, "This is what the LORD says: `The young officers of the provincial commanders will do it.'" "And who will start the battle?" he asked. The prophet answered, "You will."
So Ahab summoned the young officers of the provincial commanders, 232 men. Then he assembled the rest of the Israelites, 7,000 in all.
They set out at noon while Ben-Hadad and the 32 kings allied with him were in their tents getting drunk.
The young officers of the provincial commanders went out first. Now Ben-Hadad had dispatched scouts, who reported, "Men are advancing from Samaria."
He said, "If they have come out for peace, take them alive; if they have come out for war, take them alive."
The young officers of the provincial commanders marched out of the city with the army behind them
and each one struck down his opponent. At that, the Arameans fled, with the Israelites in pursuit. But Ben-Hadad king of Aram escaped on horseback with some of his horsemen.
The king of Israel advanced and overpowered the horses and chariots and inflicted heavy losses on the Arameans.
Afterward, the prophet came to the king of Israel and said, "Strengthen your position and see what must be done, because next spring the king of Aram will attack you again."
Meanwhile, the officials of the king of Aram advised him, "Their gods are gods of the hills. That is why they were too strong for us. But if we fight them on the plains, surely we will be stronger than they.
Do this: Remove all the kings from their commands and replace them with other officers.
You must also raise an army like the one you lost--horse for horse and chariot for chariot--so we can fight Israel on the plains. Then surely we will be stronger than they." He agreed with them and acted accordingly.
The next spring Ben-Hadad mustered the Arameans and went up to Aphek to fight against Israel.
When the Israelites were also mustered and given provisions, they marched out to meet them. The Israelites camped opposite them like two small flocks of goats, while the Arameans covered the countryside.
The man of God came up and told the king of Israel, "This is what the LORD says: `Because the Arameans think the LORD is a god of the hills and not a god of the valleys, I will deliver this vast army into your hands, and you will know that I am the LORD.'"
For seven days they camped opposite each other, and on the seventh day the battle was joined. The Israelites inflicted a hundred thousand casualties on the Aramean foot soldiers in one day.
The rest of them escaped to the city of Aphek, where the wall collapsed on twenty-seven thousand of them. And Ben-Hadad fled to the city and hid in an inner room.
His officials said to him, "Look, we have heard that the kings of the house of Israel are merciful. Let us go to the king of Israel with sackcloth around our waists and ropes around our heads. Perhaps he will spare your life."
Wearing sackcloth around their waists and ropes around their heads, they went to the king of Israel and said, "Your servant Ben-Hadad says: `Please let me live.'" The king answered, "Is he still alive? He is my brother."
The men took this as a good sign and were quick to pick up his word. "Yes, your brother Ben-Hadad!" they said. "Go and get him," the king said. When Ben-Hadad came out, Ahab had him come up into his chariot.
"I will return the cities my father took from your father," Ben-Hadad offered. "You may set up your own market areas in Damascus, as my father did in Samaria." [Ahab said,] "On the basis of a treaty I will set you free." So he made a treaty with him, and let him go.
By the word of the LORD one of the sons of the prophets said to his companion, "Strike me with your weapon," but the man refused.
So the prophet said, "Because you have not obeyed the LORD, as soon as you leave me a lion will kill you." And after the man went away, a lion found him and killed him.
The prophet found another man and said, "Strike me, please." So the man struck him and wounded him.
Then the prophet went and stood by the road waiting for the king. He disguised himself with his headband down over his eyes.
As the king passed by, the prophet called out to him, "Your servant went into the thick of the battle, and someone came to me with a captive and said, `Guard this man. If he is missing, it will be your life for his life, or you must pay a talent of silver.'
While your servant was busy here and there, the man disappeared." "That is your sentence," the king of Israel said. "You have pronounced it yourself."
Then the prophet quickly removed the headband from his eyes, and the king of Israel recognized him as one of the prophets.
He said to the king, "This is what the LORD says: `You have set free a man I had determined should die. Therefore it is your life for his life, your people for his people.'"
Sullen and angry, the king of Israel went to his palace in Samaria.
Some time later there was an incident involving a vineyard belonging to Naboth the Jezreelite. The vineyard was in Jezreel, close to the palace of Ahab king of Samaria.
Ahab said to Naboth, "Let me have your vineyard to use for a vegetable garden, since it is close to my palace. In exchange I will give you a better vineyard or, if you prefer, I will pay you whatever it is worth."
But Naboth replied, "The LORD forbid that I should give you the inheritance of my fathers."
So Ahab went home, sullen and angry because Naboth the Jezreelite had said, "I will not give you the inheritance of my fathers." He lay on his bed sulking and refused to eat.
His wife Jezebel came in and asked him, "Why are you so sullen? Why won't you eat?"
He answered her, "Because I said to Naboth the Jezreelite, `Sell me your vineyard; or if you prefer, I will give you another vineyard in its place.' But he said, `I will not give you my vineyard.'"
Jezebel his wife said, "Is this how you act as king over Israel? Get up and eat! Cheer up. I'll get you the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite."
So she wrote letters in Ahab's name, placed his seal on them, and sent them to the elders and nobles who lived in Naboth's city with him.
In those letters she wrote: "Proclaim a day of fasting and seat Naboth in a prominent place among the people.
But seat two scoundrels opposite him and have them testify that he has cursed both God and the king. Then take him out and stone him to death."
So the elders and nobles who lived in Naboth's city did as Jezebel directed in the letters she had written to them.
They proclaimed a fast and seated Naboth in a prominent place among the people.
Then two scoundrels came and sat opposite him and brought charges against Naboth before the people, saying, "Naboth has cursed both God and the king." So they took him outside the city and stoned him to death.
Then they sent word to Jezebel: "Naboth has been stoned and is dead."
As soon as Jezebel heard that Naboth had been stoned to death, she said to Ahab, "Get up and take possession of the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite that he refused to sell you. He is no longer alive, but dead."
When Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, he got up and went down to take possession of Naboth's vineyard.
Then the word of the LORD came to Elijah the Tishbite:
"Go down to meet Ahab king of Israel, who rules in Samaria. He is now in Naboth's vineyard, where he has gone to take possession of it.
Say to him, `This is what the LORD says: Have you not murdered a man and seized his property?' Then say to him, `This is what the LORD says: In the place where dogs licked up Naboth's blood, dogs will lick up your blood--yes, yours!'"
Ahab said to Elijah, "So you have found me, my enemy!" "I have found you," he answered, "because you have sold yourself to do evil in the eyes of the LORD.
`I am going to bring disaster on you. I will consume your descendants and cut off from Ahab every last male in Israel--slave or free.
I will make your house like that of Jeroboam son of Nebat and that of Baasha son of Ahijah, because you have provoked me to anger and have caused Israel to sin.'
"And also concerning Jezebel the LORD says: `Dogs will devour Jezebel by the wall of Jezreel.'
"Dogs will eat those belonging to Ahab who die in the city, and the birds of the air will feed on those who die in the country."
(There was never a man like Ahab, who sold himself to do evil in the eyes of the LORD, urged on by Jezebel his wife.
He behaved in the vilest manner by going after idols, like the Amorites the LORD drove out before Israel.)
When Ahab heard these words, he tore his clothes, put on sackcloth and fasted. He lay in sackcloth and went around meekly.
"Have you noticed how Ahab has humbled himself before me? Because he has humbled himself, I will not bring this disaster in his day, but I will bring it on his house in the days of his son."
For three years there was no war between Aram and Israel.
But in the third year Jehoshaphat king of Judah went down to see the king of Israel.
The king of Israel had said to his officials, "Don't you know that Ramoth Gilead belongs to us and yet we are doing nothing to retake it from the king of Aram?"
So he asked Jehoshaphat, "Will you go with me to fight against Ramoth Gilead?" Jehoshaphat replied to the king of Israel, "I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses."
But Jehoshaphat also said to the king of Israel, "First seek the counsel of the LORD."
So the king of Israel brought together the prophets--about four hundred men--and asked them, "Shall I go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I refrain?" "Go," they answered, "for the Lord will give it into the king's hand."
But Jehoshaphat asked, "Is there not a prophet of the LORD here whom we can inquire of?"
The king of Israel answered Jehoshaphat, "There is still one man through whom we can inquire of the LORD, but I hate him because he never prophesies anything good about me, but always bad. He is Micaiah son of Imlah." "The king should not say that," Jehoshaphat replied.
So the king of Israel called one of his officials and said, "Bring Micaiah son of Imlah at once."
Dressed in their royal robes, the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah were sitting on their thrones at the threshing floor by the entrance of the gate of Samaria, with all the prophets prophesying before them.
Now Zedekiah son of Kenaanah had made iron horns and he declared, "This is what the LORD says: `With these you will gore the Arameans until they are destroyed.'"
All the other prophets were prophesying the same thing. "Attack Ramoth Gilead and be victorious," they said, "for the LORD will give it into the king's hand."
The messenger who had gone to summon Micaiah said to him, "Look, as one man the other prophets are predicting success for the king. Let your word agree with theirs, and speak favorably."
But Micaiah said, "As surely as the LORD lives, I can tell him only what the LORD tells me."
When he arrived, the king asked him, "Micaiah, shall we go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I refrain?" "Attack and be victorious," he answered, "for the LORD will give it into the king's hand."
The king said to him, "How many times must I make you swear to tell me nothing but the truth in the name of the LORD?"
Then Micaiah answered, "I saw all Israel scattered on the hills like sheep without a shepherd, and the LORD said, `These people have no master. Let each one go home in peace.'"
The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, "Didn't I tell you that he never prophesies anything good about me, but only bad?"
Micaiah continued, "Therefore hear the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on his throne with all the host of heaven standing around him on his right and on his left.
And the LORD said, `Who will entice Ahab into attacking Ramoth Gilead and going to his death there?' "One suggested this, and another that.
Finally, a spirit came forward, stood before the LORD and said, `I will entice him.'
" `By what means?' the LORD asked. " `I will go out and be a lying spirit in the mouths of all his prophets,' he said. " `You will succeed in enticing him,' said the LORD. `Go and do it.'
"So now the LORD has put a lying spirit in the mouths of all these prophets of yours. The LORD has decreed disaster for you."
Then Zedekiah son of Kenaanah went up and slapped Micaiah in the face. "Which way did the spirit from the LORD go when he went from me to speak to you?" he asked.
Micaiah replied, "You will find out on the day you go to hide in an inner room."
The king of Israel then ordered, "Take Micaiah and send him back to Amon the ruler of the city and to Joash the king's son
and say, `This is what the king says: Put this fellow in prison and give him nothing but bread and water until I return safely.'"
Micaiah declared, "If you ever return safely, the LORD has not spoken through me." Then he added, "Mark my words, all you people!"
So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah went up to Ramoth Gilead.
The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, "I will enter the battle in disguise, but you wear your royal robes." So the king of Israel disguised himself and went into battle.
Now the king of Aram had ordered his thirty-two chariot commanders, "Do not fight with anyone, small or great, except the king of Israel."
When the chariot commanders saw Jehoshaphat, they thought, "Surely this is the king of Israel." So they turned to attack him, but when Jehoshaphat cried out,
the chariot commanders saw that he was not the king of Israel and stopped pursuing him.
But someone drew his bow at random and hit the king of Israel between the sections of his armor. The king told his chariot driver, "Wheel around and get me out of the fighting. I've been wounded."
All day long the battle raged, and the king was propped up in his chariot facing the Arameans. The blood from his wound ran onto the floor of the chariot, and that evening he died.
As the sun was setting, a cry spread through the army: "Every man to his town; everyone to his land!"
So the king died and was brought to Samaria, and they buried him there.
They washed the chariot at a pool in Samaria (where the prostitutes bathed), and the dogs licked up his blood, as the word of the LORD had declared.
As for the other events of Ahab's reign, including all he did, the palace he built and inlaid with ivory, and the cities he fortified, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Israel?
Ahab rested with his fathers. And Ahaziah his son succeeded him as king.
Jehoshaphat son of Asa became king of Judah in the fourth year of Ahab king of Israel.
Jehoshaphat was thirty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-five years. His mother's name was Azubah daughter of Shilhi.
In everything he walked in the ways of his father Asa and did not stray from them; he did what was right in the eyes of the LORD. The high places, however, were not removed, and the people continued to offer sacrifices and burn incense there.
Jehoshaphat was also at peace with the king of Israel.
As for the other events of Jehoshaphat's reign, the things he achieved and his military exploits, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Judah?
He rid the land of the rest of the male shrine prostitutes who remained there even after the reign of his father Asa.
There was then no king in Edom; a deputy ruled.
Now Jehoshaphat built a fleet of trading ships to go to Ophir for gold, but they never set sail--they were wrecked at Ezion Geber.
At that time Ahaziah son of Ahab said to Jehoshaphat, "Let my men sail with your men," but Jehoshaphat refused.
Then Jehoshaphat rested with his fathers and was buried with them in the city of David his father. And Jehoram his son succeeded him.
Ahaziah son of Ahab became king of Israel in Samaria in the seventeenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and he reigned over Israel two years.
He did evil in the eyes of the LORD, because he walked in the ways of his father and mother and in the ways of Jeroboam son of Nebat, who caused Israel to sin.
He served and worshiped Baal and provoked the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger, just as his father had done.


An e-rostering phone app is helping doctors at Wythenshawe Hospital to manage shift coverage and annual leave more easily. As a result of the merger to create MFT, this system will be rolled out across all nine hospital sites.
The Medic Online system provides access to rotas by a smartphone app, making it quicker and easier for Junior Doctors and Consultants to book or swap shifts and request annual leave while at work or home.
The system was already due to be introduced at Wythenshawe Hospital before the merger. Following successful migration across the majority of departments, it will be extended to doctors at Oxford Road Campus, Trafford General Hospital, Altrincham General Hospital and Withington Community Hospital during the coming months. Potential to extend the system to cover other staff groups will be considered once it is in place and subject to funding being available.


text:
"""A thin wrapper for OpenGL framebuffer objets. For implementation use only"""

from __future__ import division, print_function, unicode_literals

__docformat__ = 'restructuredtext'

import ctypes as ct

from pyglet.gl import *

class FramebufferObject (object):
    """
    Wrapper for framebuffer objects. See

    http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/registry/EXT/framebuffer_object.txt

    API is not very OO, should be improved.
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """Create a new framebuffer object"""
        id = GLuint(0)
        glGenFramebuffersEXT(1, ct.byref(id))
        self._id = id.value

    def bind(self):
        """Set FBO as current rendering target"""
        glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, self._id)

    def unbind(self):
        """Set default framebuffer as current rendering target"""
        glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, 0)

    def texture2d(self, texture):
        """Map currently bound framebuffer (not necessarily self) to texture"""
        glFramebufferTexture2DEXT(
            GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT,
            GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0_EXT,
            texture.target,
            texture.id,
            texture.level)

    def check_status(self):
        """Check that currently set framebuffer is ready for rendering"""
        status = glCheckFramebufferStatusEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT)
        if status != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE_EXT:
            raise Exception("Frambuffer not complete: %d" % status)

    def __del__(self):
        """Delete the framebuffer from the GPU memory"""
        id = GLuint(self._id)
        glDeleteFramebuffersEXT(1, ct.byref(id))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


In order that you may inform us of your wish to seek admission to Campion School, kindly log on to www.campionbhopal.com in and fill in the information slip.
Click on the Apply Online button (will be active during registration dates only) and fill in the information sheet.
The filled in information slip may be submitted to the School Office with registration fee on any working days (Monday to Friday) between 9.00 a.m and 12.00 non.
the information furnished in the online registration form.


text:
Q: django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The SECRET_KEY sett ing must not be empty I am forking a free Django project on git. The files have no Secret_Key- as you can appreciate.
It has a env folder with files and env.md.
The env.md request to enter all the Values:

*

*Kindly add below environment variables to your local development with appropriate key/value accordingly.

Common keys

DEBUG=True #false
SECRET_KEY="(I have entered here, a python random generated 50 character as the Secret_key)"
HTML_MINIFY=True/False
ENV_TYPE="DEV" or "PROD"

File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/
management/init.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line utility.execute()
File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/
management/init.py", line 395, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/
management/base.py", line 330, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/
management/commands/runserver.py", line 61, in execute
super().execute(*args, **options)
File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/
management/base.py", line 371, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/
management/commands/runserver.py", line 68, in handle
if not settings.DEBUG and not settings.ALLOWED_HOSTS:
File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/
init.py", line 83, in getattr
self._setup(name)
File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/
init.py", line 70, in _setup
self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
File "/opt/miniconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/
init.py", line 196, in init
raise ImproperlyConfigured("The SECRET_KEY setting must not
be empty.")
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The SECRET_KEY sett
ing must not be empty.
I have created a ´random python´ Secret_key as I expect you don't leave your Secret:_key , debug and Database on the git.
what i´ve done_:
I found the env.md and entered a random Secret_key in the Key Value as above.
I ran runserver but it still has same error.
The next thing done:
I also found in the sitepackages/..Django/conf/global_settings .
and pasted also the random generated python  Secret_ key as it was blank.
I did runserver but it still says the same error.
Can you advise ?
How come after entering the random Secret_Key I get the same error above.
If I have a project to go to git or production ive read you use python decouple or setup the django environment to do with base.py. but as this is using someones free git with missing secret key. I wondered if anyone has managed to resolve that...
Thank you for advises.

A: You need to add the secret key you have created, to your settings.py. Let's assume your project is MyProject, your settings.py should be in this directory:
MyProject:/
    MyProject:/
        settings.py

You should add this line:
# settings.py
SECRET_KEY="ENTER HERE"

A better practice is, creating a settings_local.py and put your sensitive settings (e.g. secret keys, passwords etc) in this file. And after that in your original settings.py at the last line, you should import this file. Like:
# settings_local.py
SECRET_KEY="ENTER HERE"

# settings.py
from settings_local import *

This file also should be ignored by git (e.g put it in your .gitignore) so that you dont push your secret information on git.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Jerry Lee has been adopted!
Jerry Lee was found as a stray and taken to Palo Alto Animal Services early in 2018. He had a jacket and collar on and you would think that his owner would come looking for him but nobody came. Jerry Lee waited patiently. He is a happy little guy who really wants to please. He is working on his inhome good manners. With gentle introductions, Jerry Lee does really well with other small dogs. He knows how to walk well on leash. We don't know how Jerry Lee is with children. He really just wants to find his person - the person he can play with, curl up with and go for walks with! Are you that person?
I'm adopted! See dogs available for adoption.


text:
Carl Paladino Calls Hitler 'the Kind of Leader We Need,' Drawing Backlash
Carl P. Paladino, a Republican running for a House seat in Western New York, praised Adolf Hitler last year for inspiring his followers, describing the fascist dictator as "the kind of leader we need today."
Mr. Paladino did not specifically condone Hitler's actions in his remarks, which he made in a 2021 radio interview that was unearthed on Thursday. But he said he was impressed by how the German leader and head of the Nazi Party "aroused the crowd" in his speeches and suggested that Republicans in New York and Washington ought to emulate his approach.
"He would get up there screaming these epithets and these people were just, they were hypnotized by him," he said in the interview, resurfaced by the left-leaning watchdog group Media Matters. "I guess, I guess that's the kind of leader we need today. We need somebody inspirational. We need somebody that is a doer."
"Our Republicans are sound asleep," he added, referring to party officials as captive to "RINOism," a derogatory acronym meaning Republicans in name only.
The remarks, for which he apologized on Thursday, were striking even by the incendiary standards of Mr. Paladino, who has previously said that children should not be "brainwashed" into thinking that being gay was acceptable and suggested that Michelle Obama, the former first lady, should be "let loose in the outback of Zimbabwe."
They could cause major headaches for GOP leaders, particularly Representative Elise Stefanik of New York, the No. 3 House Republican, who has championed his fledgling candidacy.
"Carl is a job creator and conservative outsider who will be a tireless fighter for the people of New York in our fight to put America First to save the country," she recently wrote on Twitter.
She also invited him to a fund-raiser on Monday at former President Donald J. Trump's Westchester County golf course, where the two men were photographed together.
The chairman of the New York Democratic Party singled out Ms. Stefanik on Thursday as he called on Republican leaders to condemn Mr. Paladino for "blatant anti-Semitism."
"How has the Republican Party stooped so low to support a man who has gone on record idolizing a monster that senselessly killed millions?" said the chairman, Jay Jacobs.
In a statement on Thursday, a spokesman for Ms. Stefanik said she had "one of the strongest records in the US Congress condemning antisemitism" and had pushed bipartisan Holocaust education legislation. But the spokesman did not indicate whether the congresswoman maintained her support for Mr. Paladino.
A Buffalo-based developer who was the Republicans' 2010 nominee for governor of New York, Mr. Paladino, 75, entered the House race just last Friday after Representative Chris Jacobs said he would not seek re-election. Mr. Jacobs was facing an intense backlash from party leaders angry over his support for an assault weapons ban and other gun safety measures, which he expressed after recent mass shootings.
Mr. Paladino will face a formidable primary challenge from Nicholas A. Langworthy, the chairman of the state Republican Party, who announced his candidacy on Thursday as the developer's comments reverberated through the 23rd Congressional District.
His entrance set the stage for the kind of explosive primary that New York Republicans had hoped to avoid this year as they seek to retake the House majority in Washington. While the 23rd District is likely to remain in Republican hands, a primary battle could divert resources away from other swing seats the GOP believes it can flip.
But in an interview, Mr. Langworthy argued that allowing Mr. Paladino to proceed to a general election would be worse.
"That's exactly why I am running for Congress, because I provide a candidacy free of distraction," he said, adding: "We can't have a circus sideshow on the ticket in Buffalo in the fall that would hurt our statewide prospects."
He said he would remain party chairman during his campaign.
Mr. Paladino's comments about Hitler were not even the first time this week that he has drawn condemnation and been forced to apologize.
In a Facebook post and email blast sent last Wednesday, just two days before he said he would run for the House, Mr. Paladino promoted an essay by a Rochester man casting doubt on the official accounts of recent mass shootings in Buffalo and Uvalde, Texas , where he asserted that the purported gunman "was receiving hypnosis training."
"In almost every mass shooting including the most recent horrific Buffalo Tops Market & the Texas school shootings, there are strange occurrences that are never fully explained," the man wrote, including conspiratorial references to the suicide of Jeffrey Epstein and the assassinations of John F Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy.
Media Matters was also first to report on Mr. Paladino's post, which was later removed.
In an emailed statement on Thursday, Mr. Paladino said that his invocation of Hitler had been a "serious mistake and rightfully upsets people," but he blamed the news media for taking his remarks out of context.
"Any implication that I support Hitler or any of the sick and disgusting actions of the Nazi regime is a new low for the media," he wrote, adding that he would stay in the race against Mr. Langworthy.
Mr. Paladino initially denied sharing the essay on gun control, claiming he did not know how to post on Facebook, but later admitted doing so to The Buffalo News, adding that he did not agree with all the "conspiracy theories" it cited.
Connecticut woman dies of tick-borne Powassan virus
Diabetes may increase long COVID risk; COVID while pregnant linked to baby brain development issues

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Home / Biographies & Memoirs / Mother Lode: Confessions of a Reluctant Caregiver
Mother Lode: Confessions of a Reluctant Caregiver
When her ninety-six-year-old mother's health appears to be reaching its final stage of decline, Gretchen Staebler agrees to leave her life in Raleigh, North Carolina, and move back to her childhood home in the small town of Centralia, Washington, to look after her. The idea is that Staebler will spend a year in Centralia so that her mother can spend as much time as possible in her own home before having to move into an assisted living facility. Still, she is far from certain that acting as a roommate/carer for her mother will be a good idea: "How would I live with my mother when I could barely get through a phone call of her complaints about her health and her constant advice and worry about me."
Mother Lode: Confessions of a Reluctant Caregiver is Staebler's account of the period she spent with her mother in Centralia. She writes with humor and pathos about the difficulties associated with returning to a home that is as filled with memories as it is the detritus of her mother's long life. As an adult returning to her mother's home, Staebler finds herself quickly adopting her childhood role in the house: petulant and somewhat argumentative, eyerolling at the minor irritations brought on by her mother's statements and seeking sneaky ways to assert herself and her presence in the home.
The situation is further complicated by her mother's declining health. She's a strong-willed and fiercely independent woman, and she doesn't take kindly to the idea of her daughter—whether Staebler or either of her two sisters—making decisions for her. However, her increasing sight and hearing loss mean that she is increasingly in need of assistance with practical matters, while the suspicion and confusion related to her dementia diagnosis make emotional issues difficult too. Staebler bears the brunt of caring for her mother, although she does have help from family and outside sources.
Staebler finds that life as a caregiver is a real rollercoaster, characterized by sudden highs (such as discovering a treasure trove of letters between her parents and being able to converse with her mother about photos from her youth) and devastating lows (including accusations of being out to get her mother's money and having to deal with the aftermath of her arguments with her care assistant). Despite all this, Staebler begins to find herself for the first time in a long time, enjoying spending time with family and being out hiking in the wilderness. She also reaches a state of acceptance with regard to her historically difficult relationship with her mother: "I have to accept her: blind, deaf, insecure, controlling, fearful, depressed, pessimistic. And brave."
Mother Lode is a raw and insightful chronicle of life as a (reluctant) caregiver. Dealing with her mother's real health conditions is difficult enough—particularly as her declining and then plateauing situation means that she isn't always eligible for hospice care—but her hypochondria and suspicion make it even worse. Staebler demonstrates remarkable fortitude and patience in caring for her mother, even when she thinks that she's failing her. It can be a troubling account to read in places, but it is ultimately an example of the triumph of love and resilience.
Reviewed By: Erin Britton
Gretchen Staebler
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text:
Die Ustascha (, Plural , vollständig Ustaša – Hrvatska revolucionarna organizacija, kurz UHRO; ) war ein von Ante Pavelić im Jahr 1930 im Königreich Italien gegründeter und von ihm geführter kroatischer ultranationalistisch-terroristischer Geheimbund, der sich zu einer faschistischen Bewegung entwickelte. Der Name Ustaša, "Aufständischer", für das einzelne Mitglied wie für die gesamte Organisation wurde in Erinnerung an die aufständischen Soldaten gewählt, die 1871 im bewaffneten Aufstand von Rakovica unter Eugen Kvaternik für ein von Österreich-Ungarn unabhängiges Kroatien kämpften.

Die Ustascha wurde als Reaktion auf die Proklamation der Königsdiktatur durch den jugoslawischen König Alexander I. gegründet. Ihre Struktur und Rituale waren zunächst vergleichbar mit denen anderer national-terroristischer Geheimbünde auf dem Balkan, wie der Schwarzen Hand oder IMRO, und auf den bewaffneten Kampf für einen unabhängigen großkroatischen Staat ausgerichtet. Bis 1941 betrug die Zahl der formell aufgenommenen Ustaschen, die sich aus Studenten, Professoren, Schriftstellern, Juristen, ehemaligen k. u. k. Offizieren, Mitgliedern katholischer Vereinigungen und Angehörigen sozialer Randgruppen rekrutierten, vermutlich nie mehr als 3000 bis 4000 Personen in der Heimat und im Exil. Mark Biondich schreibt von maximal 10.000 Mitgliedern für das Jahr 1941.

Die Stützpunkte und Ausbildungslager der Ustascha, in denen zuletzt bis zu 300 Personen untergebracht waren, befanden sich vor allem in den Königreichen Ungarn und Italien, bis die Ustascha im April 1941 durch Unterstützung der Achsenmächte unerwartet die Macht in einem neugegründeten Unabhängigen Staat Kroatien (NDH) übernehmen konnte. Sie errichtete eine totalitäre Diktatur im Wesentlichen auf dem Gebiet des heutigen Kroatien sowie Bosnien und Herzegowina, die für den Genozid an verschiedenen ethnischen Gruppen, besonders an Serben, Juden und Roma, und die Ermordung zahlreicher politischer Oppositioneller verantwortlich war.

Das Verhältnis der katholischen Kirche zur Ustascha war ambivalent. Viele katholische Geistliche sympathisierten mit der Idee eines kroatischen Staates. Die nationalistisch eingestellten Kleriker kooperierten mit der Ustascha, waren jedoch die Minderheit, und einige Geistliche protestierten gegen deren Verbrechen.
Aufgrund der Beteiligung von Vertretern des katholischen Klerus bei Aufbau, Organisation und Führung des faschistischen Ustascha-Regimes wird die Ustascha-Diktatur von einigen Historikern dem Klerikalfaschismus zugeordnet.

Vorgeschichte
Nach dem Ende des Ersten Weltkrieges mit dem Zusammenbruch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie vereinigten sich dessen südlich gelegene Staaten (Slowenien, Kroatien und Bosnien und Herzegowina) zusammen mit Serbien zum Königreich der Serben, Kroaten und Slowenen, dem späteren Königreich Jugoslawien. Die Ustascha-Bewegung bildete sich aus Gruppierungen, die in den 1920er Jahren den rechten Rand der kroatischen Opposition gegen die zentralistische und serbisch-hegemoniale Staatsordnung des Königreiches gebildet hatte.

Deren wichtigste war die Hrvatska stranka prava, die aus dem rechten, strikt antijugoslawischen Flügel der gleichnamigen älteren Partei entstanden war. Zu den führenden Mitgliedern dieser Partei gehörte zu jener Zeit auch der spätere Ustascha-Führer und Jurist Ante Pavelić. Größeren Einfluss konnten diese und ähnliche Gruppierungen jedoch zunächst nicht erlangen. Die dominierende politische Kraft in Kroatien war und blieb zu dieser Zeit die Kroatische Bauernpartei unter Führung von Stjepan Radić.

Entstehung, Gründung

Ende Oktober 1928 gründete Ante Pavelić die zunächst illegale Ustascha. Er konnte sich dabei auf antijugoslawische, revanchistische und irredentistische Kräfte in Italien, Ungarn und Bulgarien stützen, außerdem auf legitimistische Kreise in Österreich und die revanchistische Bewegung in Deutschland verlassen. Während einer Staatskrise, die auf die Ermordung des kroatischen Demokraten Stjepan Radić in Belgrad durch Puniša Račić folgte, führte König Alexander I. am 6. Januar 1929 einen Staatsstreich durch. Er löste das Parlament auf, suspendierte die Verfassung von 1921 und proklamierte eine Königsdiktatur, die auch die bisherigen nationalen Symbole verbot. Einen Tag später emigrierte Pavelić nach Italien, wo er Emigranten der Ustascha-Bewegung um sich sammelte und sie zu einer Terrororganisation formte. In Zentren und Camps in Ungarn, Italien und Österreich wurden die Anhänger für terroristische und subversive Aktionen trainiert. Im Asyl schrieb Pavelić ein Programm der Ustascha, die "Statuten" (1932) und die "Prinzipien", 1941 erweitert.

Die Ustascha verstand sich als kroatische Unabhängigkeitsbewegung gegen die serbische Hegemonie in Jugoslawien und für die Entwicklung zu einem Großkroatien unter dem Einschluss von Bosnien, Herzegowina und Syrmien. Die serbische Bevölkerung sollte zügig eliminiert werden. Die Ustascha entwickelte sich zu einer faschistischen Bewegung, die sich an den Vorbildern Mussolini und Hitler orientierte. In den Jahren 1929 bis 1934 wurde sie vom faschistischen Regime Mussolinis aktiv unterstützt, um den Staat Jugoslawien, welcher einer italienischen Vorherrschaft an der Adria und auf dem Balkan im Wege stand, zu destabilisieren.

Obwohl ihre Anhänger in Jugoslawien nicht sehr zahlreich waren, unterwanderten sie die Kroatische Bauernpartei und unternahmen intensive Anstrengungen, um deren rechtsgerichtete und separatistische Kräfte auszubauen. Einige ihrer geheimen Basen im Land waren katholische Konvente und Seminare. Die Regierung reagierte auf die Aktivitäten der Ustascha mit der gewaltsamen Unterdrückung jedes potentiellen Widerstandes. Dabei wurden auch mehrere nicht an den terroristischen Aktivitäten beteiligte Oppositionelle, unter anderem Milan Šufflay, von Agenten des jugoslawischen Geheimdienstes ermordet, was internationale Proteste nach sich zog.

Zielsetzung

Das selbstgesetzte Ziel der Ustascha war "die Wiederherstellung des freien und unabhängigen kroatischen Staates auf dem gesamten historischen und ethnisch geschlossenen Gebiet des kroatischen Volkes." Dieses Ziel war "mit allen Mitteln, ja sogar im bewaffneten Aufstand zu erreichen".

Unter dem "Gebiet des kroatischen Volkes" wurde folgendes verstanden:

Nach der Verwirklichung des Zieles wollte

Als Gegner dieser Zielsetzung und als Feinde sah die Ustascha:
 die serbische Staatsgewalt
 die internationale Freimaurerei
 das Judentum
 den Kommunismus.

Organisation
Die Organisation der Ustascha gliederte sich in

 "Roj", die Ustascha in einem Ort
 "Tabor", alle Roj auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde
 "Logor", alle Tabor eines Bezirkes
 "Stožer", alle Logor auf dem Gebiet einer Gespanschaft

Weiterhin gab es für die gesamte Studentenschaft ein "Hochschulstožer", das unmittelbar dem Hauptquartier unterstand.

Vor dem Jahr 1941 gab es im Exil neunzehn "Stožer" auf dem Gebiet des vorgesehenen "Großkroatiens". Aufgrund der zahlreichen Auslandskroaten, gab es zudem drei "Stožer" in Europa sowie Nord- und Südamerika.

Über allem stand das "Hauptquartier der Ustaschen, das jede Tätigkeit, welche sich auf die gesamte Bewegung und den Freiheitskampf bezieht, leitet." Das Hauptquartier bestand aus dem Rat der Doglavniks und aus dem Adjutantenstab. Die höchstens zwölf Doglavniks und die Hauptadjutanten ernannte und enthob der Poglavnik.

Nach Bildung des Unabhängigen Staates Kroatien wurde nach dem Vorbild der Hitlerjugend die Ustaška mladež (Ustascha-Jugend) gebildet. Deren Untergruppen waren Ustaška uzdanica (Ustascha-Hoffnung) für Grundschüler vom 7. bis 11. Lebensjahr, Ustaški junaci bzw. junakinje (Ustascha-Helden) vom 11. bis 15. Lebensjahr sowie die Ustaška Starčević mladež (Ustascha-Starčević-Jugend) vom 15. bis 21. Lebensjahr.

Ustascha konnte jeder Kroate werden, der "für den Ustaschen-Kampf fähig und den Ustaschen-Prinzipien […] ergeben ist." Die Pflichten eines Ustascha waren die Ablegung des Ustaschen-Eides und die unerlässliche Ausführung aller Arbeit, aller Pflichten, aller Befehle und Bestimmungen sowie ein unbeirrbares Verantwortungsgefühl.

Der Eid war vor einem Kruzifix, einem Messer und einer Pistole abzulegen und lautete:

Symbole

Emblem

Das Emblem der Ustascha war der blaue Großbuchstabe "U" mit Serifen, der eine silberfarbene, rot flammende Granate beinhaltet. Auf der Granate war zudem das historische rot-silberne Schachbrett-Wappen Kroatiens, mit einem ersten silbernen Feld, abgebildet. Die Farbgebung des Emblems spiegelte die kroatischen Nationalfarben rot-weiß-blau wider.

Das "U" stand für die Initiale des Wortes Ustaša. Die Granate sollte den kämpferisch-revolutionären und elitären Charakter unterstreichen; entlehnt den revolutionären Traditionen Italiens und Frankreichs. Dort war die Granate zunächst Symbol der Grenadiere (im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert eine Eliteeinheit der Infanterie) und findet noch heute bei Militäreinheiten Verwendung (z. B. Carabinieri, Fremdenlegion). Die Variante des historischen kroatischen Wappenschildes mit einem ersten silbernen Feld wurde vermutlich gewählt, um es von dem im königlich-jugoslawischen Wappen enthaltenen kroatischen Wappen mit einem ersten roten Feld abzugrenzen.

Die erste schematische Verwendung des Ustascha-Emblems findet sich im Logo der Organisationszeitung "Ustaša: Vijesnik hrvatskih revolucionaraca" vom Mai 1930. Die erstmalige Darstellung des grafisch ausgereiften Emblems findet sich im Jahr 1932 ebenfalls im Logo der Zeitung "Ustaša" und vor allem auf dem Titelblatt der "Verfassung der Ustaschen-Bewegung".

Im Jahr 1934 gab das Ustascha-Hauptquartier im Exil zu Propagandazwecken eine in Wien geprägte 5-Kuna-Silbermünze sowie zwei in Bergamo gedruckte Briefmarken heraus, die ebenfalls genau dieses Emblem der Ustascha zeigen.

Nach der Zerschlagung Jugoslawiens überschritten die ca. 300 Mann starken bewaffneten Einheiten der Exil-Ustascha, mit diesem Emblem an der Uniformmütze von Italien aus die Grenze und paradierten in Zagreb vor Pavelić.

Der Unabhängige Staat Kroatien benutzte als Staatssymbol das historische Wappen Kroatiens mit dem darübergestellten Großbuchstaben "U" im Kroatischen Flechtwerk. Bei diesem Staatswappen hatte man das "U" bewusst in den Hintergrund treten lassen, das heißt verkleinert über das Wappen gesetzt, um der Mehrheit der Bevölkerung, die keine Ustaschen waren, sich aber als Kroaten verstanden, die Identifikation mit dem Staat zu erleichtern.

Die älteste bekannte Darstellung des kroatischen Wappens in Innsbruck ist aus dem Jahr 1495. Aufgrund der Verwendung durch die Ustascha wird heute das historische kroatische Wappen mit einem ersten silbernen Feld als Ausweis einer rechtsradikalen politischen Orientierung verwendet und wahrgenommen.

Viele Sympathisanten der Ustascha und ihrer Ideologie verwenden heute häufig auch stark vereinfachte Varianten des Emblems bzw. des Staatswappens (z. B. ein "U" mit Wappen, ein "U" mit Kreuz usw.).

Die staatliche Jugendorganisation Ustaška mladež hatte ein eigenes Symbol, das in unterschiedlichen farblichen Varianten verwendet wurde.

Grußformel

Die Grußformel der Ustascha lautete "Za Dom – Spremni!" (Für die Heimat – Bereit!) und wurde spätestens ab der Annäherung an das faschistische Italien und das nationalsozialistische Deutschland mit erhobenem rechten Arm ausgesprochen. Es findet sich auf parteiinternen und auch auf staatlichen Schriftstücken als abschließende Grußformel (z. B. bei Ordensverleihungen).

Hymne
Die Hymne der Ustascha (kroat. Ustaška Himna) mit dem Titel "Puška puca" wurde von Ante Pavelić selbst getextet und im Stil eines Marschliedes vertont.

Einordnung der Ideologie
Die Ustascha war ihrer Konzeption nach ein autoritäres und totalitäres Regime und wird grundsätzlich als faschistisch charakterisiert. Jedoch gibt es einige Merkmale, die sich vom Faschismus unterscheiden, obwohl viele Mittel und Merkmale mit diesem übereinstimmen. Die Ustascha bediente sich ideologisch an Elementen der damals modernen Staatssysteme des italienischen Faschismus und des Nationalsozialismus. Diese Elemente umfassten auch den Antisemitismus, Antikommunismus und Rassismus. Jedoch waren die Staatssysteme in Italien und Deutschland auch eine politisch-soziale Antwort auf innerstaatliche Probleme im jeweiligen Land. Die Ustascha jedoch hatte zunächst keinen Staat und kein Sozialprogramm. Der Kern ihrer Ideologie konzentrierte sich auf die Schaffung eines kroatischen Nationalstaates. Damit verbunden war eine starke Antipathie gegen die serbische Bevölkerung und den serbisch dominierten Staat Jugoslawien. So wurde das ideologische Fundament der Ustascha-Bewegung aus Serbenhass, Antikommunismus und Antisemitismus gebildet.

In jüngerer Zeit überwiegt unter Forschern des Faschismus die Tendenz, die Ustascha als faschistische Bewegung einzustufen. Dies deckt sich auch mit ihrem Selbstbild als faschistische Bewegung. Darüber hinaus sind Klassifizierungen wie klerikal- und halbfaschistisch verbreitet. Stanley Payne bezeichnet die Ustascha-Bewegung in ihren ersten Jahren als eine Terroristen- und Aufständischenorganisation, welche allenfalls protofaschistisch war und von Pavelić erst ab 1936 zu einer offenen faschistischen und antisemitischen Position geführt wurde. Allerdings zweifelt Payne daran, ob sie je über den Status von Protofaschisten hinauskamen:

Auch Ladislaus Hory und Martin Broszat halten es für angebracht, die Ustascha-Bewegung wegen ihres weniger ideologischen Charakters als "präfaschistisch" oder "halbfaschistisch" zu bezeichnen, so unbefriedigend diese Begriffe bleiben. Dieser Ansicht schließt sich auch Arnd Bauerkämper an.

Die Ustascha haben sich nie zu einer Massenbewegung entwickelt wie die Entsprechungen in Deutschland und Italien, sondern wurden in den 30er Jahren von höchstens 10 % der Bevölkerung unterstützt und trotz einer anfänglich breiten Schicht von Sympathisanten und Opportunisten dürfte die Zahl der vereidigten Mitglieder bis 1941 nie 3000–4000 Personen überschritten haben. Ihre zügellose Willkürherrschaft und ihr ethnischer Vernichtungsfeldzug gegen Serben und Juden stießen bei einem zunehmend großen Teil der Bevölkerung auf Ablehnung. Die historischen Wurzeln sind vor allem bei Ante Starčević zu finden, der ein vehementer Befürworter der kroatischen Unabhängigkeit war, was sich zum Beispiel im wesentlichen Teil des Ustaschaschwurs widerspiegelt. Da auch Religion bzw. die katholische Konfession wesentliches Abgrenzungsmerkmal gegenüber den Serben war, wurde diese von der Ustaschabewegung entsprechend instrumentalisiert.

Attentat auf Alexander I.
Nach dem Velebiter Aufstand 1932 war der vorläufige Höhepunkt der Ustascha-Aktivitäten die, gemeinsam in enger Kooperation mit mazedonischen Nationalisten der IMRO, durchgeführte Ermordung des jugoslawischen Königs Alexander I. und des französischen Außenministers Louis Barthou durch Wlado Tschernosemski in Marseille im Jahre 1934.

Nachdem die Täterschaft bekannt geworden war und zu einer Krise in den französisch-italienischen Beziehungen geführt hatte, wurde Pavelić von Mussolini unter Hausarrest gestellt und gezwungen, seine Terrorkampagne vorläufig einzustellen. Die Ustascha verlagerte daraufhin den Schwerpunkt ihrer Aktivitäten auf den Aufbau von Unterstützergruppen unter kroatischen Emigranten und wartete eine Gelegenheit ab, mit deutscher oder italienischer Hilfe die Macht zu ergreifen.

Am Vorabend des Zweiten Weltkrieges etablierten die Ustascha eine "Ustaschaarmee" mit mehreren Hundert ihrer Anhänger in der Toskana. Sie begab sich zur italienisch-jugoslawischen Grenze. Eine deutsche Ustascha-Gruppe hatte in Österreich eine "Kroatische Legion" aufgestellt, während sie ihre antijugoslawische Propaganda intensivierte.

Zweiter Weltkrieg

Der Balkanfeldzug mit dem Angriff der Achsenmächte führte zwischen dem 6. und 17. April 1941 zur Besetzung und Zerschlagung Jugoslawiens durch deutsche, italienische, ungarische und bulgarische Truppen. Am 10. April proklamierte Oberst Slavko Kvaternik vor der vollständigen Besetzung unter dem Schutz und mit der Unterstützung der deutschen Nationalsozialisten den Unabhängigen Staat Kroatien (kroat.: Nezavisna Država Hrvatska). Hitler bot zuerst dem Führer der Kroatischen Bauernpartei, Maček, die Führung des Staates an, der lehnte dieses Angebot ab. Am 15. April übernahm Ante Pavelić die Macht.

Der Ustascha-Staat blieb bis 1945 ein treuer Verbündeter des Deutschen Reiches und entsandte auch Truppen zur Unterstützung des deutschen Feldzuges gegen die Sowjetunion. Militärisch war er jedoch hauptsächlich mit dem Kampf gegen die von Tito angeführten Partisanen und gegen die Tschetniks (Serbische Nationalmonarchistische Bewegung) beschäftigt.

Der NDH-Innenminister Mladen Lorković und der Verteidigungsminister Ante Vokić nahmen in den Jahren 1943/1944 Kontakt zu den Alliierten auf und versuchten den Sturz des Pavelić-Regimes herbeizuführen. Dieser Putschversuch wurde jedoch entdeckt, die Beteiligten verhaftet und im Sommer 1944 hingerichtet.

Die bekannteste Einheit der Ustascha war die Schwarze Legion (Crna Legija) unter dem Kommando von Oberst Jure Francetić.

Staatsordnung des "Unabhängigen Staates Kroatien"
Das Territorium des Unabhängigen Staates Kroatien umfasste auch ganz Bosnien-Herzegowina und Syrmien, die von der Ustascha als "historisch-kroatische Länder" beansprucht wurden; große Teile des von Kroaten und Serben bewohnten Dalmatiens mit knapp 380.000 Menschen, den Gorski Kotar musste er hingegen an das irredentistische Italien, das Medjimurje an Ungarn abtreten. Nach dem Sturz Mussolinis am 3. September 1943 gliederte Pavelić die an Italien gegangenen Gebiete in den Unabhängigen Staat Kroatien ein.

Der Unabhängige Staat Kroatien wurde als Führerstaat nach dem Vorbild seiner faschistischen Verbündeten organisiert. Pavelić übernahm unter dem Titel Poglavnik (wörtlich so viel wie Oberhaupt) die Rolle des Führers, die Ustascha-Bewegung (Ustaški pokret) wurde zur Einheitspartei und parallel zur Aufstellung einer auf Wehrpflicht basierenden regulären Armee (an deren politischer Verlässlichkeit Zweifel bestanden) wurde nach dem Vorbild der SS die Ustascha-Miliz (Ustaška vojnica) als Prätorianergarde des Regimes gebildet.

Demokratische Wahlen, die das Ustaša-Regime durch das kroatische Volk legitimiert hätten, wurden nicht abgehalten.

Deutsche und italienische Besatzungstruppen blieben auf seinem Gebiet präsent und operierten oft auch ohne Rücksicht auf die "Staatsorgane" des offiziell unabhängigen Marionettenstaates. Die Enttäuschung über die Ustascha in der Bevölkerung war sehr groß und der Rückhalt nahm schon nach wenigen Monaten rapide ab. Auch der Erzbischof von Zagreb, Alojzije Stepinac, distanzierte sich zunehmend von der Pavelić-Regierung und kritisierte verschiedentlich deren Vorgehen gegen die Minderheiten.

Völkermord

Der Ustascha-Staat erließ Rassengesetze nach dem Vorbild des Dritten Reiches, die sich gegen Juden und Roma, aber vorwiegend gegen Serben richteten, die kollektiv zu Feinden des kroatischen Volkes erklärt wurden.

Serben, Juden, Roma und kroatische Antifaschisten wurden in Konzentrationslagern, deren größtes das KZ Jasenovac war, eingesperrt und vor allem von der Ustascha-Miliz auf zumeist brutalste Weise ermordet. Die zahlenmäßig stärkste Gruppe unter den Opfern stellten dabei die Serben dar. Der deutsche Historiker Holm Sundhaussen dazu: "Wie Hitler ein 'judenfreies' Europa anstrebte, so strebte Pavelić ein 'serbenfreies' Kroatien an." Berichten zufolge waren bereits in den ersten 4 Monaten der Ustascha-Herrschaft ca. 200.000 Serben ermordet und 104.000 in das deutsche Besatzungsgebiet nach Serbien deportiert worden.

Wie viele Menschen diesem Völkermord zum Opfer fielen, ist bis heute umstritten. Die Angaben variieren von mehr als 300.000 bis zu 750.000 ermordeten Menschen, zumeist vertreten von kroatischen bzw. serbischen Historikern. In der westlichen Forschung wird die Zahl der Serben, welche den Ustascha zum Opfer fielen, auf 330.000 bis 390.000 geschätzt. Die Forschungen von Bogoljub Kočović (Žrtve Drugog svjetskog rata u Jugoslaviji. London 1985) und Vladimir Žerjavić (Gubitci stanovništva Jugoslavije u drugom svjetskom ratu. Zagreb 1987) zur Zahl der Opfer des Zweiten Weltkrieges in Jugoslawien ergeben übereinstimmend, dass ca. 290.000 der 1,9 Millionen Serben sowie die große Mehrheit der 30.000 bis 40.000 Juden und der 25.000 bis 40.000 Roma, die zu Kriegsbeginn auf dem Einflussgebiet der Ustascha lebten, ihr zum Opfer fielen, davon zwischen 60.000 und 100.000 im KZ Jasenovac. Beide Zahlenangaben sind derzeit in der Öffentlichkeit im Umlauf und werden von Dokumentationszentren zitiert. So gibt das Simon-Wiesenthal-Zentrum die Zahl der Menschen, die im KZ Jasenovac ermordet worden sind, mit etwa 85.000 an, das staatliche United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington hingegen mit zwischen 77.000 und 97.000. Andererseits gibt das Simon-Wiesenthal-Zentrum die Gesamtopferzahl von ca. 600.000 Menschen unter der Ustascha an, während das United States Holocaust Memorial Museum von ca. 400.000 spricht, wobei sich das Simon-Wiesenthal-Zentrum auf die Angaben des kommunistischen Jugoslawiens stützt.

Muslime

Die Bosniaken (Bosnier mit hauptsächlich muslimischem Religionsbekenntnis) wurden von der Ustascha zu "Kroaten muslimischer Konfession" erklärt und offiziell mit denjenigen katholischer Konfession gleichgestellt und ebenso wie die katholischen Kroaten zum Wehrdienst in der Armee herangezogen. Parallel dazu wurden unter deutscher Anleitung jedoch auch eigene aus Bosniaken bestehende Divisionen wie die 13. Waffen-Gebirgs-Division der SS "Handschar" aufgestellt.

Resonanz in Deutschland
Die Illustrirte Zeitung Leipzig 1941, 98. Jahrgang (2. Halbjahr) feierte in einer Schwerpunkt-Ausgabe die Machtergreifung der Ustascha mit deutscher Hilfe. Sie gibt eine Erklärung des Poglavnik (Pavelić) wieder:

Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg
Nach dem Sieg der jugoslawischen Partisanen flohen gegen Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges im Mai 1945 zahlreiche Angehörige der Ustascha, darunter die Führung um Ante Pavelić, ins Ausland. Dabei wurden viele Ustascha, welche sich während des Krieges Verbrechen schuldig gemacht haben, bei ihrer Flucht von der kroatischen römisch-katholischen Kirche unterstützt. Diese half ihnen unterzutauchen, schmuggelte sie aus dem Lande und unterstützte durch die Nutzung der Verbindungen des Vatikans deren Flucht nach Spanien, Südamerika und auch einige arabische Staaten.

Unmittelbar nach Kriegsende ergaben sich kroatische Zivilisten, Reste der Ustascha und der regulären Armee (Domobrani) sowie jugoslawische Verbände, die der neuen Regierung ein Dorn im Auge waren, den Briten nahe Bleiburg (slowenisch Pliberk) in Österreich. Diese wurden jedoch an die Tito-Partisanen ausgeliefert. Unangefochtene Zahlen gibt es auch hier nicht. Der Großteil von ihnen wurde kurz nach der Gefangennahme erschossen, in monatelangen Todesmärschen oder in Lagern ermordet. Dieses und vergleichbares Vorgehen der Tito-Partisanen von anderen Orten aus wurde unter der Sammelbezeichnung Massaker von Bleiburg bekannt.

Der größte Teil der Führung der Ustascha um Pavelić hatte sich jedoch schon zuvor von den eigenen Truppen abgesetzt. Über die so genannten Rattenlinien gelangten einige hundert Angehörige der Ustascha nach Italien und verschifften sich in Richtung Argentinien, USA, Kanada und Spanien. Pavelić selbst erreichte 1947 Argentinien und lebte bis kurz vor seinem Tod Ende der fünfziger Jahre in Buenos Aires, wo er als Sicherheitsberater des argentinischen Diktators Juan Perón fungierte. Dort bildete er eine "Exilregierung", die jedoch von keinem Staat anerkannt wurde. Aufgrund von persönlichen und politischen Rivalitäten spaltete sie sich in mehrere Gruppierungen, die jeweils einen Alleinvertretungsanspruch für sich erhoben.

Viele im Ausland lebende Ustascha-Angehörige wurden von serbischen militanten Gruppen durch Selbstjustiz und vom jugoslawischen Geheimdienst UDB-a Uprava državne bezbednosti durch gezielte Liquidierungen getötet. Auch in Deutschland verübten Ustascha-nahe Exilkroaten und Exilserben sowie der UDB-a gegenseitig aneinander zahlreiche Anschläge, die in den siebziger Jahren zu einiger Medienresonanz führten.

Ustascha-Renaissance während der Tuđman-Ära

Ab 1990 erfuhr die Ustascha-Ideologie und -Symbolik unter Franjo Tuđman eine Rehabilitierung. Das Wiederaufkommen von Symbolen der faschistischen Ustascha-Zeit sowie deren öffentliche Zurschaustellung wurden gefördert. Frühere Ustascha wurden zurück ins Land geholt oder ihnen hohe politische Ämter angeboten. Kroatische Militärränge wurden nach den zuletzt in der NDH geltenden Bezeichnung und einzelne Militäreinheiten nach Ustascha-Legionären benannt. Straßen wurden nach Ustascha-Funktionären umbenannt und knapp 3000 Mahn- und Denkmäler für den antifaschistischen Kampf und die ermordeten Opfer beschädigt oder zerstört. Kroatische Frontkämpfer und Kriegsfreiwillige schmückten sich in Dalmatien, Slawonien und Bosnien mit dem "U"-Zeichen, grüßten einander mit der Ustascha-Formel "Za dom spremni!" (Für die Heimat bereit!) und sangen Ustascha-Lieder. Aus diesen Kreisen stammte auch Tuđmans scharfmachender Verteidigungsminister Gojko Šušak. Im Jahr 1990 erklärte Tuđman auf dem ersten Parteitag seiner Regierungspartei HDZ, dass der faschistische Marionettenstaat von Pavelić auch ein "Ausdruck des Strebens des kroatischen Volkes nach Unabhängigkeit und Souveränität" gewesen sei.

Die Angst vor einem neuen Ustascha-Regime wurde auf diese Weise unter der serbischen Minderheit in Kroatien bewusst geschürt und trug wesentlich zur Eskalation des Konflikts um das serbisch-kroatische Grenzgebiet Krajina bei. Ebenfalls wurde in den serbischen Medien die Angst vor einem neuen Ustascha-Regime bewusst für Propagandazwecke genutzt, um die ethnischen Spannungen weiter anzuheizen.

Auch nach den Jugoslawienkriegen gab es immer wieder Skandale prominenter Kroaten, die öffentlich den Ustascha-Gruß oder Ustascha-Symbole zeigten. In den Stadien Kroatiens wird regelmäßig der Ustascha-Gruß zelebriert. Zu einem Konzert der umstrittenen kroatischen Rockband Thompson in Zagreb erschienen Fans der Band teils in schwarzer Kleidung und anderen Symbolen der "Schwarzen Legion" der Ustascha und skandieren dabei häufig den Gruß. 2015 schlug der kroatische Erzbischof Želimir Puljić ein Referendum für die Legalisierung des Ustascha-Grußes innerhalb des Militärs vor.

Literatur

Monographien

 Martina Bitunjac: Verwicklung. Beteiligung. Unrecht. Frauen und die Ustaša-Bewegung. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-428-15338-1.
 Rob McCormick: Croatia Under Ante Pavelic. America, the Ustase and Croatian Genocide. I. B. Tauris, 2014.

 Rory Yeomans: Visions of Annihilation. The Ustasha Regime and the Cultural Politics of Fascism, 1941–1945. Pitt Russian East European, 2013.
 Radu Harald Dinu: Faschismus, Religion und Gewalt in Südosteuropa. Die Legion Erzengel Michael und die Ustaša im historischen Vergleich. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-447-10002-1.

 Ladislaus Hory, Martin Broszat: Der kroatische Ustascha-Staat 1941–1945. 2. Auflage, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1965.

Weiterführende Literatur
 Slavko Goldstein: 1941 – Das Jahr, das nicht vergeht. Die Saat des Hasses auf dem Balkan. Frankfurt am Main/Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3100025371.

Weblinks
 Karte der Konzentrationslager während der deutschen Besetzung Jugoslawiens 1941–1945.
 United States Holocaust Museum: Zum Gedenken an die Opfer des Ustasa-Regimes (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Kroatische Geschichte
Geschichte von Bosnien und Herzegowina
Unabhängiger Staat Kroatien
Faschistische Organisation
Organisation (Antisemitismus)
Militärischer Verband (historisch)
Holocaust in Kroatien
Porajmos
Rechte bewaffnete Untergrundorganisation
Anti-Freimaurerei
Gegründet 1930
Antikommunistische Organisation

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Welcome to the Andover Fire Rescue website.
In partnership with the community, Andover Fire Rescue strives to achieve the highest degree of Fire and Rescue related services with a continuing commitment to competency, integrity, enthusiasm, and education while maintaining a progressive vision for the future.
As Chief, it is my distinct pleasure to represent all of the outstanding men and women who proudly serve the Town of Andover, Massachusetts in Andover Fire Rescue.
Andover Fire Rescue provides many services to the community other than fire suppression. Our organization provides quality Emergency Medical Services, specialized technical rescue services such as trench and confined space, public education and prevention, motor vehicle accident response, response to hazardous materials incidents and many non-fire related services as well.
We provide these services through the dedicated efforts of 70 uniformed and 2 non-uniformed personnel assigned to the Operations and Fire Prevention Divisions.
Andover Fire Rescue responds to over 8,200 emergencies and requests for service from three fire stations that are located within the 32 square miles that comprise the boundaries of Andover.
Once again welcome to our website, and please contact us if you have any additional questions or have suggestions to improve our services.
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About Modern Day Mystic
Modern Day Mystic products were developed by Peter Schenk, a spiritual visionary who left a successful career as a computer programmer for one of the world's largest banks to fulfill his mission to heal the world.
Based on research at the forefront of Quantum physics, Peter devised a way to use technology to bridge the gap between science and consciousness, and Modern Day Mystic was created. Initial versions of the software were immediately successful among users, so Peter fueled his energy into additional research and development that would lead to a more targeted, powerful system. Today, Modern Day Mystic software helps thousands of users remove frequency patterns that have been standing in the way of achieving optimum health, happiness and financial freedom.
Peter Schenk
In addition to developing and perfecting powerful quantum energy-based software platforms, Modern Day Mystic Founder Peter Schenk provides continued outreach through weekly podcasts, lectures to groups around the world, workshops and one-on-one sessions. For nearly twenty years, Peter has been on a mission to marry the physical and the meta-physical through the mystical power of numbers.
Before creating Modern Day Mystic, Peter Schenk developed software to bolster the fortunes of one of the largest financial institutions on the planet. But after a turning point in his spiritual awakening, he realized he was intended to serve a greater purpose. Since that time, Peter's gaze has been fastened to improving the fortune of humankind, helping to prepare humanity for the New Age.
Inspired by the work of Dr. Masaru Emoto, Peter applied his skills as a world class IT engineer to find a link between Dr. Emoto's work and mathematical and quantum principles. In 2007, Peter succeeded in reducing the force behind all creation to a mathematical integer he called "Sourxe Energy." This became the foundation for a completely new kind of software – capable of harnessing the power of numbers to manage the intensity and focus of Sourxe energy when used in concert with a human being's innate ability to focus intention. This breakthrough led to the first version of Aquaware software.
Today, Peter continues to develop this underlying technology into a family of hyper-focused software tools that synergize mystical energy and quantum principles with the power of human intent. The software continues to receive accolades and positive testimonials from users who report life-changing results, and Peter is dedicated to spreading its use far and wide, for the betterment of humanity and peace on Earth.
In keeping with his mission for healing the world, Peter has donated energy empowerment software to healing professionals in under-developed countries. These beacons of light and compassion use Modern Day Mystic software to perform energy healing work with under privileged individuals throughout their communities.
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1 Benveniste, Jacques et al. "Human basophil degranulation triggered by very dilute antiserum against IgE," Nature 333 (6176): 816–818. June, 1988.
2 Einstein, A. "On the Present Status of the Radiation Problem," 1909.
3 Emoto, Masuru. "The Hidden Messages in Water," Atria Books. September, 2005.
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Mutter Museum
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19 S 22nd St.
$18 for adults; $13 for kids 6-17; free for ki...
10 a.m.-5 p.m. daily
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You may want to think twice about bringing your kids to the small yet fascinating Mütter Museum. Housed within The College of Physicians of Philadelphia, Mütter is dedicated to the exposition of medical oddities. While most museums like this fill their halls with old pictures and antique scalpels, this rather cramped 19th-century building overflows with wet specimens (biological samples preserved in fluid), skeletal specimens, anatomical models, instruments and more. Some highlights include items that belonged to Marie Curie, a tumor removed from Glover Cleveland's mouth, an informative display on Siamese twins and the tallest skeleton on display in North America.
While this museum is fascinating, be prepared to feel grossed out. Recent visitors felt that the disturbing exhibits were what made the museum unique, but warned the squeamish to proceed with caution.
The Mütter Museum is located a few blocks northwest of Rittenhouse Square just south of Fairmount Park. If you're arriving via public transportation, SEPTA's green trolley line stops at Market and 22nd streets, just a half-block north of the museum. It is open every day of the week from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., and admission is $18 for adults and $13 for children ages 6 to 17. On Mondays and Tuesdays, tickets are discounted by $2 for walk-up purchases only. For more information, visit the official website.
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#1 Liberty Bell Center
Opposite Independence Hall, you'll find the Liberty Bell Center in Independence National Historical Park. Now residing in a huge glass gazebo, this 2,080-pound piece of history was once mounted in the belfry of Independence Hall. It was used to mark important historic events, most notably at the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence. Historians believe the first crack developed in the early 1840s. Metal workers were tasked with repairing the bell in anticipation of George Washington's birthday in 1846. The repair was unsuccessful and the bell ceased to chime ever again.
Despite the long lines, recent visitors called this attraction a must-see for all Americans. They also suggested planning your visit first thing in the morning during the week.
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Hambone's a comedy springboard for student comics
Photo by Sarah Cutshall | Senior Staff Photographer
Senior English writing major Lorenzo Disilvio performs at Pitt Program Council's "So You Think You're Funny" comedy competition Wednesday night.
By Kieran McLean, Staff Writer
Stand-up comedian Lorenzo Disilvio wasn't always comfortable performing in front of crowds.
The Pitt senior English writing major is now co-head writer of "Pitt Tonight" and performs at stand-up venues across the City, but he started his stand-up career feeling uncomfortable around strangers. On a winter night at Lawrenceville's Hambone's Bar and Restaurant in 2014, Disilvio received a reality check from fellow Pittsburgh comedians.
"I was being quiet off in the corner. I said to them, 'I'm sorry I don't talk a lot. I get anxious,'" Disilvio said.
The comedians set him straight about their business' terms.
"They told me, 'That's not an excuse. We're all anxious,'" Disilvio said.
Disilvio committed to managing his anxiety, got up in front of crowds and got to work.
Since then, he's opened for Comedy Central comedian Sam Tallent and performed his own shows at Pittsburgh's Arcade Comedy Theater. He's also involved with the newly founded Burning Bridges Comedy Club, which was formed on campus in October and connects Pitt stand-up comedians with nationally recognized professionals.
Stand-up comedy can be isolating. And it's even harder to turn it into a career outside of New York, Chicago and Los Angeles, where the majority of career stand-ups find full-time work.
But Pittsburgh comedians and Burning Bridges co-founders Derek Minto and John Dick Winters are trying to change that. Burning Bridges is consolidating Pittsburgh's burgeoning comedy community by providing training to aspiring comedians, giving them performance opportunities and putting them in touch with traveling professionals who can connect them to national outlets. The club operates out of Hambone's and has roughly 20 consistent performers, with others in and out semi-regularly.
"When I started doing stand-up, there was no scene. The comics that were [in Pittsburgh] were not encouraging," Minto said. "I wanted to provide an alternative to that."
Minto used to host stand-up at Downtown's PaPa J's Ristorante, with restaurant night manager Jeff Holt. Holt bought Hambone's in 2011 and Minto started hosting open-mic nights and stand-up shows there.
"Open mics are basically the equivalent of a gym for comics," Minto said. "And [Pittsburgh] is a great place to start. You can get so much stage time."
But the duo had trouble developing a consistent comedy audience at Hambone's until the nearby Belvedere's Ultra-Dive bar caught fire in 2014.
"We had these big windows where people could see you doing stand-up, and people started coming in," Minto said.
The club subsequently grew from hosting 10 to 15 comics per open-mic night to a minimum of 30. Minto said the neighborhood's lack of drinking spots at the time led to the audience uptick.
"I've hosted shows where I've spent hundreds of dollars promoting them, if not thousands. And I still haven't gotten audiences like we get at Hambone's," Minto said.
Between a steady audience and Winters' and Minto's industry connections, Hambone's comedy scene took off. Award-winning comedian Hannibal Buress stopped by the bar during his Hannibal Montanabal tour in 2016. Nationally recognized stand-up comedian Rich Ross came through another night. Winters then leveraged Hambone's combination of talent and regular audience to start the Burning Bridges Comedy Festival in 2016 and gave Pitt students the opportunity to perform with nationally recognized headliners.
Ossia Dwyer, a senior chemical engineering major, started her comedy career at the now-closed Lava Lounge in Pittsburgh's South Side. She performed at four open-mic nights across the City every week shortly after that. But Dwyer found it hard to break into the scene at first, and also discovered that being the only woman in a lineup could be isolating.
"When you're a 21-year-old girl and everyone else is a 30-year-old man … you can kind of feel like a zoo animal," Dwyer said. "As a female comic, you're often put into a box. People think you're all the same."
But she later found a community in the Hambone's crowd.
"Comedy's a job," Dwyer said. "[Hambone's] offers the feeling that you have somewhere to go every night, the same people to see."
Winters helped Dwyer get booked for her own shows at the South Side's Club Cafe. And in August 2016, he boosted her career again by promoting her as the opener for Comedy Central's Shane Torres during his Pittsburgh tour.
Since then, she's been booked in increasingly more shows across the City. And in 2017, she opened for Comedy Central comedian and Burning Bridges Festival headliner Aparna Nancherla.
"It was really nice getting to work with someone who has a similar comedy style," Dwyer said.
Burning Bridges helps young comedians develop their own style in turn. Disilvio said the club is the only one that offers comedians notes on their performance.
"With Burning Bridges, people are trying to be inclusive," Disilvio said, sharing a note John Dixon, a comedy touring veteran, gave him on a recent performance.
"You have a natural likability and vulnerability," Dixon wrote. "I really think you need to work on your honing and polishing."
Dixon also brings national comedians through Pittsburgh, giving local up-and-comers standards to look up to. He brought Comedy Central performer Kyle Kinane to the Rex Theater in August. Disilvio said Hambone's comedians were inspired the following week.
"You could see [Kinane's] influence the next week at Hambone's," Disilvio said. "Everyone was working on their speed and crowd-work."
He also said seeing Kinane perform was more instructive than traditional mentorship.
"Mentorship doesn't have to be be someone sitting you down and talking to you," Disilvio said. "Sometimes it's just seeing someone really good and thinking, 'Wow, I'm trash. I want to do work like them.'"
Now, Disilvio looks to work in comedy professionally after graduation. But he's taking what he's learned about community at Hambone's when he leaves.
"I want to do the same thing that these comedians did for me," Disilvio said. "I'd like to be a comedian that makes other people want to be comedians."
hambone's
Kieran McLean, Staff Writer


National Hunt Racing, or 'steeplechasing' as it is more popularly known, originated from the ancient sport of hunting. Historically the horses used would have needed the speed, confidence and ability to clear any obstacles they met in the open countryside, giving the hunters an advantage over their prey.
The first recorded 'steeplechase' race was held in in County Cork, Ireland. A Mr. Blake challenged his neighbour, Mr. O'Callaghan, to race from Buttavent Church across country to Doneraile Church four and a half miles away. The steeples of the two churches were used as the starting and finishing points, hence how the term 'steeplechase' came into common use.
During the 19th century the sport became more sophisticated with enclosed courses and professionally trained thoroughbred horses making it difficult for amateurs to compete. To combat this, local 'hunts' began to stage races for hunters, known as 'point to point' and racehorses and professional jockeys were excluded.
Today Great Britain and Ireland use the official term, National Hunt, for this popular form of horse racing and hold 50% of all such races worldwide. The English Grand National has become the sport's major showpiece with versions also held in Wales, Scotland and Ireland. Steeple chasing in various forms also takes place in Europe, USA and Australia.


The recent Appellate Court decision Borikas vs. Alameda Unified School District has raised many questions about the structure of school parcel taxes in the State of California.
Q. Does Borikas allow a school district to establish tax rates that depend on the size, by square foot, of a residence or other structure?
A. No. The Borikas case addressed a tax that set differing rates for business and residential properties, and different rates among commercial parcels based on square footage. The Court noted that the statute allowing school parcel taxes does not permit variances in tax rates based on the use or size of a parcel. We do not believe a tax rate based on the size of a structure on a parcel would be found to be legal.
Q. May a school district define a senior citizen as a person with a minimum age other than 65?
A. No. Section 50079, which establishes the school parcel tax, specifically defines a senor citizen as someone who is 65 years of age or older.
Q. May a District partially exempt a senior citizen form the tax as opposed to a full exemption?
A. There is no definitive answer to this question, but we believe the answer to be "no". A partial exemption would, in reality, mean a different tax rate for seniors. We do not see any authority for a differential rate in the statute or in Borikas. The District would be at risk of a court finding that all parcels may be assessed no more than the rate charged seniors.


A woman reads messages and well wishes to people involved with the missing Malaysia Airlines jetliner MH370, Saturday, March 15, 2014 in Sepang, Malaysia.
Malaysia, which is co-ordinating the search, has deployed about 18 aircraft and 27 ships, including the submarine support vessel MV Mega Bakti, which can detect objects at a depth of up to 1,000 metres (3,280 feet).
An official with the Chinese Civil Aviation Authority says the missing plane did not enter Chinese airspace. The Chinese Defence Ministry and Foreign Ministry didn't immediately respond to questions on radar information. China has deployed nine navy ships and civilian patrol vessels and a variety of fixed wing and rotary aircraft, along with a team of experts dispatched to Malaysia.
India put its search operations in the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal on hold this weekend and continues to co-ordinate with Malaysia about possible new search areas.
Other nations involved are Bangladesh, Brunei, France, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Myanmar, New Zealand, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, U.K., Uzbekistan, and Vietnam.


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Diana Williams is an American television journalist who works for WABC television based in New York City, New York as their news anchor. She co-anchors the one-hour 5 p.m. Eyewitness News Broadcast and also hosts the Sunday morning public-Affairs program Eyewitness News Up Close which airs at 11 a.m.
Diana has an estimated net worth of $1.5 million gathered throughout her career in the media industry. What's her salary? Read the full article in order to know further details about her income, property as well as many more.
American journalist, Diana Williams was born on July 18, 1958, in Columbus, Ohio. Taking birth inside the territory of America makes her of American nationality. Further, she belongs to white ethnicity.
After completing high school, Diana earned her graduate degree in economics from the Duke University in Durham, North Carolina in 1980.
Shortly after the graduation, Diana interned at WTVD in Durham. Afterward, she began a career in television in Charlotte, North Carolina, where she worked as a reporter at WSOC. She then covered 6 p.m. and 11 p.m. show at WBTV as a weeknight anchor.
In 1991, Williams joined WABC as their reporter and eventually became a weekend anchor for the network. She became a co-anchor of the station's 11 p.m. Eyewitness News newscast with Bill Beutel within a year. In the manner, her career in this network gradually took growth.
Williams has traveled the world covering stories for Eyewitness News which include Ireland and Israel conflicts report. Similarly, she mostly traveled with Pope John Paul II who is known for his historic visit to Israel in 2000. Additionally, she has traveled to Baltimore, Maryland; Mexico City, Mexico; Toronto, Ontario, Canada with the Pope. Also, she has covered the September 11, 2001, attacks.
At last but not least, Williams is an Emmy Award-winning journalist. She was honored by this award for her half-hour special coverage called Dangerous Crossings which focused the immigration issues along the Mexican and Arizona border. Furthermore, she has won awards for her yearly breast-cancer specials.
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The famous journalist, Diana Williams is a married woman. She and her husband Douglas Wayne Shanks are surpassing their three decades of the marital relationship. The duo exchanged their wedding vows in November 1985. In 2018 at their 33rd marriage anniversary, Diana uploaded their wedding picture.
Image: Diana and her husband, Douglas Wayne Shanks at their wedding day.
Source: wikinetworth
The married couple shares three children altogether from their blissful marriage. One of her children is named Nathaniel Williams while the two daughter's identity is yet not confirmed.
Another interesting fact about their family is that both father and son have near-death experiences. Talking about the father, Douglas once suffered a sporadic disease called Amyloidosis during late November 2014. He was hospitalized in ICU at MSK. At the time, one of his family members helped him on kidney transplant while he was on dialysis for four months.
On the other hand, their son, Nathaniel Williams had a road accident at Panama City in 2015. As of now, he is doing great in keeping himself out of danger after that incident.
Currently, Diana Williams has a net worth of $1.5 million approximately gathered all through her career from the journalism. And of course, in coming years, her net worth will surely exceed the current amount of her net value.
In the context of her salary, William is probably earning a good amount from her current network. According to the survey, ABC News Anchor earns around $87,153 as their average annual salary. While the ABC reporters annual payroll ranges from $52,661 to $108,353.
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Currently, the WABC reporter, Diana has reached the age of 61 as per her birth year. She still holds a charm on her face despite aging. She stands at a height of 5 feet 6 inch and has well maintained her weight to an optimum level. Similarly, she looks very beautiful on screen with her blonde hair and blue eyes.
Also, the journalist is active on social networking sites like Instagram, Linkedin, facebook and twitter. In order to view her updates, we suggest visiting her various social profile.
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Today was our first day back to school after our first ever summer off in 17 years of homeschooling. The schedule was so safe and comforting to my autistic self. I think my children enjoyed the rhythm and predictability too; the earlier wake up time had an adorable effect on this little tyke and I'm looking forward to a quieter bedtime routine than we've had for a while.
My oldest two are in charge of scheduling their own work, as long as they meet a weekly quota. They are feeling so grown up and I'm trying HARD to remember that the scheduling and regulating is itself a lesson and it requires me to stay out of the process (at least until Friday!).


text:
A criminal pleads insanity and is admitted to a mental institution, where he rebels against the oppressive nurse and rallies up the scared patients.
Michael Berryman
Peter Brocco
Col. Matterson
Dean R. Brooks
Dr. Spivey
Alonzo Brown
Turkle
Mwako Cumbuka
Sefelt
Bancini
Lan Fendors
Nurse Itsu
Nurse Ratched
Nathan George
Ken Kenny
Beans Garfield
Mel Lambert
Harbor Master
Sydney Lassick
Lawrence Hauben (screenplay), Bo Goldman (screenplay), Ken Kesey (based on the novel by), Dale Wasserman (the play version: "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" by)
Won 5 Oscars.
Another 32 wins & 15 nominations.
Top Rated Movies #18
14 January 2005 | pyrocitor
| Both uplifting and disheartening, sometimes both at once
I went into this film with the knowledge that it had been the second film in history to win the 'top five' Oscars (for Best Picture, Best actor, Best actress, Best director and best screenplay) and has been praised as "one of Jack Nicholson's finest roles" and "one of the classics of the 70's". Naturally, after hearing all this, I had high expectations for One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest. But nonetheless, I was surprised at how easily the film surpassed my expectations and easily led me to understand how it merited all that praise.
Based on the novel by Ken Kesey, the story follows Randle Patrick McMurphy (Jack Nicholson), who, in an attempt to get out of spending more time in prison, pleads insanity for his crime, and is therefore sentenced to time in a mental institution. This was McMurphy's intention, as he believes the conditions in a "crazy house" will be significantly easier to contend with than another harsh stay in prison. However, he quickly finds out that surviving the institution with it's desolate patients (including Christopher Lloyd, Danny DeVito, Vincent Schiavelli and an absolutely brilliant Brad Dourif as the stuttering Billy Bibbit) and the monstrously repressive Nurse Ratchet (Louise Fletcher, in a career defining role) is considerably harder than he imagined. McMurphy plays pranks, horseplay, and is generally defiant to the rules of the institution in an attempt to raise spirits. His constant optimism and reckless defiance to the out of date rules in the institution can be very uplifting, and often quite funny as well, but much of the movie can be very depressing - the generally decrepit state of the institution is a consistently (and intentionally) bleak background to a superb story with a truly bittersweet ending.
Jack Nicholson is at his best here, head and shoulders above other excellent performances such as in 'Chinatown' or 'As Good as it Gets'. McMurphy is an apparently unquenchable optimist, refusing to succumb to the defeated spirit of all the other patients. His livewire antics, inspiring the patients are generally uplifting, and when his indomitable spirit is finally broken, we really feel for him and his fellow patients. Nicholson conveys the essence of McMurphy to perfection, demonstrating his excellent understanding and interpretation of the character. When McMurphy announces that he is going to lift a huge stone fountain and hurl it through the window to escape, the other patients are so caught up in his intoxicating spirit of freedom that they honestly believe he can do it, despite the fact it would be impossible for a man much stronger than him. When McMurphy finally discovers that despite his best efforts, he cannot lift the fountain, he is so openly crushed that we can't help but feel for him. Beneath the frequent profanities and livewire antics, there are real human emotions, which come across as truly touching.
What can be said about One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest which hasn't already been said? It has an excellent storyline, top notch acting, painfully bleak visuals, perfectly setting the tone for the movie, and alternates between being truly uplifting to devastatingly depressing. It features perhaps the most memorable film ending ever, next to a man on his horse riding off into the sunset, and leaves the viewer beaten down by the conflicting emotions, unaware what to think of the picture next to reveling in it's glorious entirety. It's hard to produce a final outcome any better than this.
-10/10
Co-producer Michael Douglas scouted various west coast locations, and chose Oregon State Hospital because Superintendent Dr. Dean R. Brooks, M.D. agreed to give the filmmakers unlimited access.
Attendant Warren: Good morning, Miss Ratched.
Nurse Ratched: Good morning.
Attendant Washington: Good morning, Miss Ratched.
Nurse Ratched: Mr. Washington.
Miller: Morning.
Nurse Pilbow: Good morning, Miss Ratched.
Attendant Washington: Morning, Bancini.
Bancini: Morning.
Attendant Washington: How do you feel?
Bancini: Rested.
Nurse Pilbow: Medication time. Medication time.
During the basketball game, McMurphy runs to the edge of the court, the camera follows and, for a moment, reveals an assortment of film production equipment including lighting stands, C-stands, lighting gels and even a crew member. Only visible in the wide screen version.
The cast is credited in alphabetical order in the end credits, except for Brad Dourif, who is listed last as follows: "and introducing / Brad Dourif as Billy Bibbit".
(1926) (uncredited)
Music by Lew Pollack and Erno Rapee
Played on a record
Reprised in the score near the end
Synopsis (WARNING: Spoilers)
Depoe Bay, Oregon, USA
See detailed box office info on IMDbPro
19 January 2021 | Variety
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