text:
// Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "content/shell/shell.h"

#include <gdk/gdkkeysyms.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>

#include "base/logging.h"
#include "base/message_loop.h"
#include "base/string_piece.h"
#include "content/public/browser/browser_context.h"
#include "content/public/browser/native_web_keyboard_event.h"
#include "content/browser/tab_contents/tab_contents.h"
#include "content/browser/tab_contents/tab_contents_view_gtk.h"
#include "third_party/skia/include/core/SkColor.h"

namespace content {

void Shell::PlatformInitialize() {
  gtk_init(NULL, NULL);
}

base::StringPiece Shell::PlatformResourceProvider(int key) {
  NOTIMPLEMENTED();
  return base::StringPiece();
}

void Shell::PlatformCleanUp() {
  // Nothing to clean up; GTK will clean up the widgets shortly after.
}

void Shell::PlatformEnableUIControl(UIControl control, bool is_enabled) {
  GtkToolItem* item = NULL;
  switch (control) {
    case BACK_BUTTON:
      item = back_button_;
      break;
    case FORWARD_BUTTON:
      item = forward_button_;
      break;
    case STOP_BUTTON:
      item = stop_button_;
      break;
    default:
      NOTREACHED() << "Unknown UI control";
      return;
  }
  gtk_widget_set_sensitive(GTK_WIDGET(item), is_enabled);
}

void Shell::PlatformSetAddressBarURL(const GURL& url) {
  gtk_entry_set_text(GTK_ENTRY(url_edit_view_), url.spec().c_str());
}

void Shell::PlatformSetIsLoading(bool loading) {
  if (loading)
    gtk_spinner_start(GTK_SPINNER(spinner_));
  else
    gtk_spinner_stop(GTK_SPINNER(spinner_));
}

void Shell::PlatformCreateWindow(int width, int height) {
  window_ = GTK_WINDOW(gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL));
  gtk_window_set_title(window_, "Content Shell");
  g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window_), "destroy",
                   G_CALLBACK(OnWindowDestroyedThunk), this);

  vbox_ = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE, 0);

  // Create the object that mediates accelerators.
  GtkAccelGroup* accel_group = gtk_accel_group_new();
  gtk_window_add_accel_group(GTK_WINDOW(window_), accel_group);

  // Set global window handling accelerators:
  gtk_accel_group_connect(
      accel_group, GDK_w, GDK_CONTROL_MASK,
      GTK_ACCEL_VISIBLE,
      g_cclosure_new(G_CALLBACK(OnCloseWindowKeyPressedThunk),
                     this, NULL));

  GtkWidget* toolbar = gtk_toolbar_new();
  // Turn off the labels on the toolbar buttons.
  gtk_toolbar_set_style(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), GTK_TOOLBAR_ICONS);

  back_button_ = gtk_tool_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_GO_BACK);
  g_signal_connect(back_button_, "clicked",
                   G_CALLBACK(&OnBackButtonClickedThunk), this);
  gtk_toolbar_insert(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), back_button_, -1 /* append */);
  gtk_widget_add_accelerator(GTK_WIDGET(back_button_), "clicked", accel_group,
                             GDK_Left, GDK_MOD1_MASK, GTK_ACCEL_VISIBLE);

  forward_button_ = gtk_tool_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_GO_FORWARD);
  g_signal_connect(forward_button_, "clicked",
                   G_CALLBACK(&OnForwardButtonClickedThunk), this);
  gtk_toolbar_insert(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), forward_button_, -1 /* append */);
  gtk_widget_add_accelerator(GTK_WIDGET(forward_button_), "clicked",
                             accel_group,
                             GDK_Right, GDK_MOD1_MASK, GTK_ACCEL_VISIBLE);

  reload_button_ = gtk_tool_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_REFRESH);
  g_signal_connect(reload_button_, "clicked",
                   G_CALLBACK(&OnReloadButtonClickedThunk), this);
  gtk_toolbar_insert(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), reload_button_, -1 /* append */);
  gtk_widget_add_accelerator(GTK_WIDGET(reload_button_), "clicked",
                             accel_group,
                             GDK_r, GDK_CONTROL_MASK, GTK_ACCEL_VISIBLE);

  stop_button_ = gtk_tool_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_STOP);
  g_signal_connect(stop_button_, "clicked",
                   G_CALLBACK(&OnStopButtonClickedThunk), this);
  gtk_toolbar_insert(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), stop_button_, -1 /* append */);

  url_edit_view_ = gtk_entry_new();
  g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(url_edit_view_), "activate",
                   G_CALLBACK(&OnURLEntryActivateThunk), this);

  gtk_accel_group_connect(
      accel_group, GDK_l, GDK_CONTROL_MASK,
      GTK_ACCEL_VISIBLE,
      g_cclosure_new(G_CALLBACK(OnHighlightURLViewThunk),
                     this, NULL));

  GtkToolItem* tool_item = gtk_tool_item_new();
  gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(tool_item), url_edit_view_);
  gtk_tool_item_set_expand(tool_item, TRUE);
  gtk_toolbar_insert(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), tool_item, -1 /* append */);

  // Center a 20x20 spinner in a 26x24 area.
  GtkWidget* spinner_alignment = gtk_alignment_new(0.5, 0.5, 0, 0);
  gtk_alignment_set_padding(GTK_ALIGNMENT(spinner_alignment), 2, 2, 4, 4);
  spinner_ = gtk_spinner_new();
  gtk_widget_set_size_request(spinner_, 20, 20);
  gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(spinner_alignment), spinner_);

  spinner_item_ = gtk_tool_item_new();
  gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(spinner_item_), spinner_alignment);
  gtk_toolbar_insert(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar), spinner_item_, -1 /* append */);

  gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox_), toolbar, FALSE, FALSE, 0);

  gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window_), vbox_);
  gtk_widget_show_all(GTK_WIDGET(window_));

  PlatformSizeTo(width, height);
}

void Shell::PlatformSetContents() {
  TabContentsViewGtk* content_view =
      static_cast<TabContentsViewGtk*>(tab_contents_->GetView());
  gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(vbox_), content_view->GetNativeView());

  // As an additional requirement on Linux, we must set the colors for the
  // render widgets in webkit.
  content::RendererPreferences* prefs =
      tab_contents_->GetMutableRendererPrefs();
  prefs->focus_ring_color = SkColorSetARGB(255, 229, 151, 0);
  prefs->thumb_active_color = SkColorSetRGB(244, 244, 244);
  prefs->thumb_inactive_color = SkColorSetRGB(234, 234, 234);
  prefs->track_color = SkColorSetRGB(211, 211, 211);

  prefs->active_selection_bg_color = SkColorSetRGB(30, 144, 255);
  prefs->active_selection_fg_color = SK_ColorWHITE;
  prefs->inactive_selection_bg_color = SkColorSetRGB(200, 200, 200);
  prefs->inactive_selection_fg_color = SkColorSetRGB(50, 50, 50);
}

void Shell::PlatformSizeTo(int width, int height) {
  content_width_ = width;
  content_height_ = height;
  if (tab_contents_.get()) {
    gtk_widget_set_size_request(tab_contents_->GetNativeView(), width, height);
  }
}

void Shell::PlatformResizeSubViews() {
  PlatformSizeTo(content_width_, content_height_);
}

void Shell::OnBackButtonClicked(GtkWidget* widget) {
  GoBackOrForward(-1);
}

void Shell::OnForwardButtonClicked(GtkWidget* widget) {
  GoBackOrForward(1);
}

void Shell::OnReloadButtonClicked(GtkWidget* widget) {
  Reload();
}

void Shell::OnStopButtonClicked(GtkWidget* widget) {
  Stop();
}

void Shell::OnURLEntryActivate(GtkWidget* entry) {
  const gchar* str = gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY(entry));
  GURL url(str);
  if (!url.has_scheme())
    url = GURL(std::string("http://") + std::string(str));
  LoadURL(GURL(url));
}

// Callback for when the main window is destroyed.
gboolean Shell::OnWindowDestroyed(GtkWidget* window) {
  delete this;

  if (windows_.empty()) {
    MessageLoop::current()->PostTask(FROM_HERE,
                                     MessageLoop::QuitClosure());
  }

  return FALSE;  // Don't stop this message.
}

gboolean Shell::OnCloseWindowKeyPressed(GtkAccelGroup* accel_group,
                                        GObject* acceleratable,
                                        guint keyval,
                                        GdkModifierType modifier) {
  gtk_widget_destroy(GTK_WIDGET(window_));
  return TRUE;
}

gboolean Shell::OnHighlightURLView(GtkAccelGroup* accel_group,
                                   GObject* acceleratable,
                                   guint keyval,
                                   GdkModifierType modifier) {
  gtk_widget_grab_focus(GTK_WIDGET(url_edit_view_));
  return TRUE;
}

}  // namespace content

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Andrew Watterson and Rory O'Neill. September 2012.
Regulatory approaches to protect our health at work and to prevent pollution of our environment have improved by increments over several decades. Now these approaches are being questioned. The reasons given to justify a reappraisal vary, but globalisation and recession are the principal reasons cited by business and governments for ripping up the rule book. Some argue current high standards are not affordable in a global economy; others argue there are better, less burdensome alternatives to regulation.
Assumed throughout is that the established safeguards on our lives, our environment and our welfare are costly, and it is a cost we can no longer afford to pay. But poor health too comes at a cost. Scotland has one the highest rates of workplace sickness absence in the UK, and work-related ill-health and injuries are responsible for about a quarter of this. It is a sizeable and particularly preventable slice of the total sick leave toll. The contribution of poor environmental standards is poorly quantified, but is certainly real and certainly substantial.
This is not a cost borne equally across Scottish society. A much greater burden, witnessed by greatly increased mortality and morbidity, is seen the lower you travel down the socioeconomic scale. Poverty, a poor living and working environment and job insecurity are substantial contributory factors to this health inequity. It concentrates risks in sections of the community, many of which are easily identified and could be easily targeted for preventive action. However, strategies to address health inequalities in Scotland bypass occupational and environmental health and perpetuate this disadvantage.
This report presents an economic as well as a health case for retaining and improving regulations and their enforcement. Evidence in this report challenges the view that regulation inhibits job creation, innovation and economic growth. Instead, it shows only dirty and dangerous businesses have anything to fear from the enforcement of protective safety and environmental regulation. Business, workers and their communities and the public purse can all garner substantial benefits from laws that protect the responsible from the rogues.
This substantial benefit is not reflected in current and proposed practices. The report examines the current policies and programmes that advocate and implement deregulatory and 'better regulatory' actions by governments and agencies dealing with occupational and environmental health and safety. It analyses the evidence or lack of evidence underpinning such policies and how, within Scotland, the deregulatory agenda has emerged to shape the thinking of the leaders of agencies dealing with these subjects. It concludes unfounded claims of burdens on business are combined with skewed cost calculations to concoct a wholly unsustainable – economically, socially and environmentally – argument for deregulation.
The regulatory agencies responsible for environmental and workplace health and safety are already hobbled by a rapid loss of staff and resources. Overall HSE staffing in Scotland has fallen by over 5 per cent since 2008; since 2010 the number of frontline field inspectors in the country has fallen by almost 7 per cent. A shift towards less regulation and enforcement is well established, and is accelerating, much of it imposed from Westminster but embraced elsewhere in the name of 'better regulation'. This retreat from regulation is cost-cutting dressed up as a cost-benefit calculation. It transfers risks to communities and the public purse, while falsely claiming to reduce costs without adverse consequences. It is a process of cost-shifting, not cost-reduction.
The response of regulators to the pressure not to regulate businesses and the environment has not been uniform. The workplace health and safety regulator, the Westminster-controlled Health and Safety Executive (HSE), and the local authorities whose budgets are largely determined by Westminster appear to have had far less freedom to explore and determine enforcement approaches and priorities and staffing policies. Effectively they have been captured and in many respects neutralised by Westminster.
The Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) has had far more autonomy and pursued a more rigorous approach to the regulatory options open to it. This has involved substantial investigations of alternative models of regulation and some detailed analyses of the economic aspects of regulation. There has been extensive consultation on what sort of regulatory and enforcement regimes it should adopt, including sectoral unified inspections rather than fragmented uncoordinated ones.
There remain major concerns about SEPA's proposed reforms of its regulatory and enforcement role, but the transparent process the agency engaged upon has much to commend it to HSE. The UK-controlled workplace health and safety regulator has limited the scope of its consultations to a refashioning of its role to fit the deregulatory template imposed by the UK government. The language of deregulation has become embedded, and a new pairing of functions, marrying protection of life and limb with protection of the economy, has emerged. SEPA has not been unaffected, but neither has it been entirely engulfed by an approach that splits its focus between the economy and environmental health.
A workplace case study presented in the report examines the 2004 ICL/Stockline disaster in Glasgow, which with its death toll of nine was the largest single loss of life in a UK workplace tragedy since Piper Alpha. A second case history looks at the lessons from the 2012 Legionnaires' disease incident in Edinburgh, which killed three and affected over 100. These examples provide the means to investigate some of the regulatory and enforcement issues in greater depth. They highlight the pitfalls of a shift to a system of regulation where increasingly threadbare and constrained regulators are rarely seen and only very occasionally heard.
We conclude there is no case for deregulation or 'better regulation' of occupational and environmental health. Scotland needs effective regulation, with properly resourced and staffed agencies that will safeguard public health better and provide businesses and communities with an equitable base for healthy, safe, economically and physically sustainable activity.
Scotland is well placed to turn the tide on the substantial negative consequences of deregulation by protecting its necessary regulatory regimes that support responsible employers and profitable businesses. This can be done by pioneering and supporting the key principles of precaution and environmental justice linked to empowered employees and strategies such as toxics use reduction. These proposed regulatory alternatives are not a luxury, but can deliver the health and economic benefits necessary if Scotland and its people are to thrive.
Justifications for scaling back environmental and workplace health and safety enforcement agencies, including an alleged negative impact on economic development and job creation, are not based on fact. Available evidence suggests inspection and enforcement activities can stimulate innovation, have no negative and a probable positive effect on job creation, support economic activity, and reduce costs to business though sickness absence and improved performance.
Addressing health inequalities in the workplace and environmental justice in communities will strengthen human rights in Scotland immediately, and improve public health and be cost effective in the middle and long-term. Having some form of workplace health and safety justice programme would prove beneficial along the lines of the environmental justice measures mooted for Scotland in the mid-2000s. This should be linked to improved governance and greater citizen participation in the agencies that now regulate Scotland's environmental and occupational health.
Political changes to the functions performed by the agencies regulating occupational and environmental health and safety, often in the guise of 'better regulation', have been introduced despite overwhelming evidence there will be a high human and economic costs a result. Business-friendly and banker-friendly policies were public-hostile and delivered an economic crisis; it would be prudent not to flirt with similar 'better regulation' induced occupational and environmental catastrophes.
A failure to support responsible regulation with effective oversight and enforcement runs the risk of catastrophic failure, with the potential for massive human, environmental, business and societal costs. Buncefield, Deepwater Horizon and other recent disasters demonstrate that the costs of single incidents can run to billions.
Safety and environmental enforcement agencies are disregarding lessons learned from Piper Alpha and BP Grangemouth, by slipping back into a system without the resources to deliver proper oversight and at risk of 'regulatory capture' by the increasingly self-regulating companies the agencies are supposed to regulate.
The options for change considered by enforcement agencies have been limited by the politically imposed requirement to deregulate. Cost effective and proven approaches including toxics use reduction and greater worker involvement and empowerment have not been given adequate consideration. A shift from command and control enforcement regimes to partnerships and other voluntary approaches is not supported by the evidence.
Initiatives to improve environmental and workplace health and safety typically yield savings several times the costs. Properly designed strategies to boost economic performance should be required to incorporate effective inspection and regulatory regimes as a core component of the plan.
Environmental and safety agencies are being told to have economic development as one of their objectives, diverting them from their primary purpose. While other government departments and agencies maintain a single focus on business success and economic development, the same clarity of focus should be enjoyed by the agencies charged with protecting our health and work and in the wider community.
All regulatory agencies responsible for occupational and environmental health and safety regulation, enforcement and standards in Scotland, including local authority environmental health departments, the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), have been severely damaged by funding cuts and the loss of staff. To function properly, the agencies must be properly resourced and the current cuts programmes must be reversed.
There is justice deficit in the area of environmental and occupational health and safety in Scotland. Only 1 per cent of the 2,500 fatal and major workplace injuries each year result in an HSE-initiated prosecution and conviction. SEPA enforcement is falling, with the agency now taking under 300 enforcement actions a year. Criminals are not being deterred, and Scottish citizens and the environment are paying the price. Responsible businesses are being undercut by the rogues.
A failure of governments to address health inequalities in occupational and environmental health means related risks are concentrated in certain sections of the population. Deaths related to hazards in the workplace and the wider environment are not a feature of the boardroom, they are just the consequence of decisions made there. A dramatic rise in job insecurity, marked by increases in unemployment, under-employment, enforced part-time time and temporary working, is making a bad situation worse and is a problem exacerbated by the progressive erosion of employment and welfare rights.
Consultative processes and opportunities for 'stakeholder involvement' are being devalued and eroded, as policy priorities are pre-ordained and consultations are framed within a 'better regulation' context, with a presumption inspection, enforcement and public engagement are at best secondary and non-inclusive activities.
Data on the harm to health caused by occupational and environmental exposures are lacking. Linkages between NHS Scotland and HSE and SEPA must be improved to aid recognition and remedial action.
The Scottish Government should take such measures as are necessary to introduce a fairer system of regulation of workplace and environmental hazards in Scotland, more responsive to those whose health is placed at risk.
Agencies involved in enforcing existing environmental and occupational health and safety law need adequate resources. Recent cuts should be reversed, and budgets and staffing reappraised and set at a level that allows far more frequent and probing inspections with an expectation that criminal breaches will result in enforcement action.
Policy in Scotland to address occupational and environmental risks must have a component dealing with health inequalities, with the active and public support of the Scottish Government. This should include measures to protect vulnerable groups, including temporary workers, those in rural and remote locations, communities facing multiple insults from many pollution sources and workers facing greater risks of occupationally- and environmentally-related diseases. Regulatory practices, including their development, execution and monitoring, should be informed by the active participation of all stakeholders, particularly those placed at risk by potential abuses of workplace and environmental standards and targeted in the environmental context at communities worst affected by pollution.
Novel methods of workplace and community participation should be developed, as well as new methods for assessing how communities and workers are disproportionately affected by their work and environment, to harness local skills and knowledge. These should include a consideration of options for introducing legally-empowered trade union 'roving safety reps' with a regional role, encouraging more workplace green reps with an expanded role and establishing environmental justice advocates located in communities to liaise with SEPA and EHOs.
Deregulatory policies and practices should be abandoned and reversed. The drift towards more voluntary measures or self-regulation should be stopped.
Best practice approaches should be investigated and employed; this could include, for example, the development of approaches based on toxics use reduction, the precautionary principle and better whistleblower and employment protection.
Workplace and environmental health and safety regulators should be required to maintain a dedicated focus on health protection, rather than the current trend towards a purpose limited by economic considerations.
Systems of justice should be reappraised. Workplace health and safety and environmental criminals should be prosecuted and penalties should be sufficiently punitive to be a deterrent. Systems of compensation for occupational and environmental diseases should be reviewed and made more equitable. Efforts should be made to establish the extent of 'cost-shifting' by businesses guilty of environmental and workplace safety abuses, and this information should be used to inform policies and penalties.
Data systems should be improved to provide better intelligence on the causes and extent of occupationally- and environmentally-related ill-health. This information should be used to inform improved, more responsive and more protective policy and practices. Linkages between NHS Scotland and HSE and SEPA must be improved to aid recognition and remedial action on public health threats.
Serious consideration should be given to the creation of a Scottish Occupational Health and Safety Agency, controlled from Scotland and freed from Westminster's financial and political control.
Scotland should establish itself as a vocal defender of the environment and workplace standards and of the rights and health of its population, not an apologist for Westminster's deregulatory obsession or an evidence-blind advocate of the skewed 'business burdens' argument that transfers risks and costs to the public and the public purse.


Photoshop color correction is related with color and light. At first we have to find out what's wrong with the picture, like whether the picture is too dark or whether it is not clean and then we have to make a list of the problems and prioritize the problematic areas in each image.
Photoshop color correction service includes using of channels and histograms for identifying problematic areas. Applying adjustments like curves and white balance. New user's face problem while correcting color or enhancing images by photoshop changes color option. The main purpose of color correction is to make the image attractive or gorgeous. For color correction you have to need multiple clipping path for better color separation.
Color correction remains one of the greatest challenges in professional photography. Color Correction is required for dull, damaged, poor, old photos. So Color enhancement and color balancing are a major parts for a great outlook of a photograph. Photoshop color correction is an important step in retouching an image before printing or put them live on stock photo sharing site.
Color correction services are particularly utilized in the field of modeling agencies, printing and jewelry industries . Color correction services include fixing white balance, adjusting contrast, brightness and sharpness of images, removing the wrong color casts, removing red eyes, change hair color, adding motion effect, adding highlights and shadows, adding a sun-tan effect, converting black and white images into color images, Improving color – hue and saturation.
Clipexperts is a color correction service provider company and offers Color Correction Service at a affordable cost and assure 100% quality with client's satisfaction.
We are open and don't hesitate to contact us.


Hastings students at Ark William Parker had a lot to celebrate today as they collected their GCSE results.
Harry is celebrating with 3 A*s, 4 As, 2 Bs and 2 Cs with plans to go onto Ark 6th Form East Sussex. He said "I was really nervous. I could have done a bit better but I'm happy with my results. I'm looking forward to going to Ark 6th Form." Ms Grimmer, Head of Year 11 said she was thrilled that Harry has achieved such amazing results.
Joel is celebrating with 3 A*s, 4 As, 3 Bs and said, "I'm pretty happy with my results. I can put it down to my teachers support and the extra time they put in with us on revision."
Adam achieved 7 A*s, 2 As, 1 B and 1 C and Sam Astell achieved 1 A*, 6 As, 3 Bs.
Vice Principal Ade Olorunda said, "I am delighted to see so many Parker boys achieve fantastic results in their GCSE exams this summer. I can't wait to continue working with them during their time in sixth form."
Click on the thumbnail to view slideshow.


Low back pain is a disorder affecting the spine, bones, muscles, or nerves of the lower back. The lower back is especially susceptible to pain due to the amount of body weight it regularly carries around. At any given point in time, about 12% of the population is suffering from lower back pain. With so many people experiencing this condition, Dr. Vanessa Troise - Chiropractic and Holistic Wellness offers relief for patients in Massapequa, New York, and the surrounding areas.
Sciatica - The longest nerve of the body, known as the sciatic nerve, runs along the lower portion of the spine. Sciatica is a pain that results from damage to the sciatic nerve.
Physical trauma - Outside force can lead to injury, fracturing, or dislocation in the lower back. Auto accidents, sports injuries, and falls are typical reasons for lower back pain.
Nerve compression - Quite a few nerves of the body are connected to the lower spine. If a nerve experiences abnormal pressure, this could lead to pain in the affected area.
Arthritis - Joint pain or inflammation is especially prevalent among older people. Osteoarthritis is commonly associated with lower back pain.
Spinal stenosis - In this condition, the spinal canal narrows, causing pain to nearby nerve roots.
Degenerative disc disease - Disc deterioration is often age-related.
Disc herniation - A slipped or ruptured disc may be the result of degeneration or trauma.
Deformity - Genetic disorders like scoliosis or kyphosis will often lead to lower back pain.
Depending on the cause, symptoms may range from a dull ache to excruciating pain. Paresthesia is particularly prevalent when the spinal nerves become compressed or damaged in some way, leading to numbness and tingling. Some pack pain cases are acute, lasting less than 3 months. Other cases are chronic, lasting for longer than 3 months.
Dr. Troise is trained and certified in accurately diagnosing lower back pain and its cause. Our chiropractor won't just manage the symptoms, she will also investigate the cause of low back pain. In the evaluation process, diagnostic testing and screening could be used to determine the cause of pain.
Are you a North Massapequa resident who experiences frequent bouts of lower back pain? Dr. Vanessa Troise Chiropractic and Holistic Wellness practice can come up with a treatment for you. Call 516-798-1887 to hear about lower back pain treatment options.


Prints, Downloads and Merchandise available for sale.
When ordering you may need to crop the image.
If you cannot crop to your satisfaction please email me the image number and size you want and I'll re-crop the original file.
The watermark will not be on your purchase.


text:
Biuro Lustracyjne – jednostka organizacyjna  prokuratury stanowiąca naczelną jednostkę pionu lustracyjnego Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej, której podlegają oddziałowe biura lustracyjne

Pion lustracyjny IPN wykonuje zadania z zakresu lustracji osób pełniących funkcje publiczne określone w ustawie z dnia 18 października 2006 o ujawnianiu informacji o dokumentach organów bezpieczeństwa państwa z lat 1944–1990 oraz treści tych dokumentów

Historia

Pion lustracyjny IPN utworzono 15 marca 2007 r. (tego dnia rozpoczął formalnie działalność) poprzez włączenie do Instytutu dotychczasowego Biura Rzecznika Interesu Publicznego.

Zadania
Główne zadania Biura Lustracyjnego to:
 przyjmowanie i rejestracja oświadczeń lustracyjnych (w związku z art. 52a pkt 1 ustawy o IPN),
 monitorowanie obowiązku składania oświadczeń lustracyjnych (w związku z art. 52a pkt 4 ustawy o IPN)
 analiza złożonych oświadczeń lustracyjnych i zbieranie materiałów niezbędnych do ich właściwej oceny, a także przygotowywanie i obsługa postępowań lustracyjnych (w związku z art. 52a pkt 2 i 3 ustawy o IPN),
 udział prokuratorów Biura w charakterze oskarżycieli w postępowaniach lustracyjnych, wszczętych w czasie obowiązywania poprzedniej ustawy lustracyjnej na wniosek Rzecznika Interesu Publicznego i niezakończonych przed wejściem w życie ustawy z 2006 r. (w związku z art. 63a, ust. 2 ustawy lustracyjnej),
 przygotowanie i publikowanie katalogów zawierających dane osobowe (w związku z art. 52a pkt 6, 7 i 8 ustawy o IPN):
 pracowników, funkcjonariuszy i żołnierzy organów bezpieczeństwa państwa,
 osób rozpracowywanych przez organy bezpieczeństwa państwa PRL,
 osób zajmujących kierownicze stanowiska partyjne i państwowych w PRL,
 osób pełniących obecnie funkcje publiczne (art. 22 ustawy),
 opracowanie i publikacja informacji w Biuletynie Informacji Publicznej IPN (w związku art. 22 i 23 ustawy lustracyjnej).

Wydziały
 Wydział Przygotowywania i Publikowania Katalogów,
 Wydział Ewidencji Oświadczeń Lustracyjnych, Sygnalizowania i Publikacji,
 Wydział Przygotowywania i Nadzoru nad Postępowaniami Lustracyjnymi.

Działalność
Pracujący w Biurze Lustracyjnym oraz jedenastu Oddziałowych Biurach Lustracyjnych prokuratorzy uczestniczą w weryfikacji prawdziwości oświadczeń lustracyjnych, w przypadku wątpliwości co do ich prawdziwości przygotowują postępowania lustracyjne, a następnie uczestniczą w toczących się przed sądami postępowaniach lustracyjnych.

Od dnia wejścia w życie ustawy lustracyjnej, prokuratorzy pionu lustracyjnego IPN zweryfikowali prawdziwość ponad 139 000 oświadczeń lustracyjnych złożonych przez osoby pełniące funkcje publiczne. W następstwie prowadzonych postępowań sądowych zapadło łącznie ponad 1525 prawomocnych orzeczeń uznających, iż analizowane oświadczenia lustracyjne były niegodne z prawdą w zakresie nie wykazania przez osoby je składające faktu pracy, służby lub współpracy z organami bezpieczeństwa państwa komunistycznego. W takich przypadkach osoby składające nieprawdziwe oświadczenia lustracyjne, zostały mocą orzeczeń sądowych uznane za tzw. kłamców lustracyjnych, pozbawione zostały pełnionych funkcji publicznych oraz orzekano wobec nich zakazy pełnienia takich funkcji w przyszłości na okres od 3 do 10 lat.

Przygotowanie danych do katalogów wymaga prowadzenia rozległych kwerend i weryfikacji odnalezionych materiałów. W przypadku katalogu osób zajmujących kierownicze stanowiska partyjne i państwowe kwerendy prowadzone są poza Instytutem (m.in. w Archiwum Akt Nowych, Archiwum Sejmu RP, Archiwum Kancelarii Prezesa Rady Ministrów oraz w archiwach państwowych).

Biuro Lustracyjne przygotowuje katalogi:
 pracowników, funkcjonariuszy i żołnierzy organów bezpieczeństwa państwa (na stronie internetowej IPN katalog ten nazywany jest katalogiem funkcjonariuszy aparatu bezpieczeństwa) – katalog jest przygotowywany na podstawie akt osobowych i kart ewidencyjnych przebiegu służby zgromadzonych w zasobie archiwalnym IPN, a także materiałów źródłowych wypożyczanych z innych instytucji zewnętrznych. Docelowo ma zawierać dane osobowe wszystkich pracowników, funkcjonariuszy oraz żołnierzy cywilnych i wojskowych organów bezpieczeństwa państwa wymienionych w art. 5 ustawy o IPN z lat 1944–1990, ze wskazaniem stopnia służbowego, zajmowanych stanowisk oraz organów bezpieczeństwa państwa, w którym pełnili służbę lub pracowali. 22 listopada 2021 r. w katalogu były opublikowane dane dotyczące 104 871 osób,
 osób "rozpracowywanych" przez organa bezpieczeństwa państwa komunistycznego (na stronie internetowej IPN katalog ten nazywany jest katalogiem osób "rozpracowywanych") – zawiera dane osób, wobec których zachowały się dokumenty świadczące o tym, że organy bezpieczeństwa państwa zbierały o nich informacje na podstawie celowo gromadzonych danych, w tym w sposób tajny, a wobec osób tych nie stwierdzono istnienia dokumentów świadczących, że były pracownikami, funkcjonariuszami i żołnierzami organów bezpieczeństwa państwa lub współpracowały z organami bezpieczeństwa państwa. Publikacja informacji następuje po uzyskaniu zgody na ich umieszczenie w katalogu od osoby, której informacje te dotyczą lub osoby najbliższej zmarłemu w rozumieniu art. 115 § 11 Kodeksu Karnego. Od uzyskania zgody odstępuje się, jeżeli od chwili śmierci tej osoby minęło co najmniej 20 lat. Wpisy są przygotowywane na podstawie materiałów znajdujących się w zasobie archiwalnym IPN. Katalog odzwierciedla cele zamieszczone w preambule ustawy o IPN w tym m.in.: "czyny obywateli dokonywane na rzecz niepodległego bytu Państwa Polskiego i w obronie wolności oraz godności ludzkiej", "a także powinność zadośćuczynienia przez nasze państwo wszystkim pokrzywdzonym przez państwo łamiące prawa człowieka". Katalog dotyczy osób, które na większą i mniejszą skalę prowadziły działalność na rzecz niepodległego bytu Państwa Polskiego w latach 1944–1989 i z tego powodu były inwigilowane, a także represjonowane. 22 listopada 2021 r. w katalogu były opublikowane dane dotyczące 17 767 osób,
 osób, które zajmowały kierownicze stanowiska w byłej PPR i byłej PZPR oraz ZSL i SD, a także były członkami Rady Ministrów państwa komunistycznego do dnia 23 sierpnia 1989 r. lub były w tym okresie kierownikami centralnych organów administracji państwowej (na stronie internetowej IPN katalog ten nazywany jest katalogiem kierowniczych stanowisk partyjnych i państwowych PRL) – celem katalogu jest opracowanie przebiegu kariery partyjnej, z wyszczególnieniem m.in. zajmowanego stanowiska, miejsca oraz okresu pełnienia funkcji, oraz wskazaniem źródła pozyskania informacji, działaczy partyjnych i państwowych z lat 1944–1990. W katalogu umieszczani są członkowie władz centralnych PPR oraz PZPR, a także pierwsi sekretarze komitetów wojewódzkich, miejskich i gminnych tych partii oraz kierownicy centralnych organów administracji państwowej okresu PRL, a także działacze zajmujący stanowiska kierownicze niższego rzędu oraz członkowie władz w partiach satelickich tj. Stronnictwa Demokratycznego (SD) oraz Zjednoczonego Stronnictwa Ludowego (ZSL). Wpisy przygotowywane są głównie na podstawie materiałów znajdujących się w archiwach państwowych oraz w innych instytucjach zewnętrznych, a także w oparciu o dostępną literaturę przedmiotu. 22 listopada 2021 r. w katalogu były opublikowane dane dotyczące 32 350 osób,
 osób pełniących funkcje publiczne wg art. 22 ustawy z dnia 18 października 2006 r. o ujawnianiu informacji o dokumentach organów bezpieczeństwa państwa z lat 1944–1990 oraz treści tych dokumentów (Dz.U.2021 poz. 1633 t.j.) [dalej ustawy lustracyjnej] (na stronie internetowej IPN jako wykaz osób pełniących funkcje publiczne). Biuro Lustracyjne przepisami art. 22 i 23 ustawy lustracyjnej zostało zobowiązane do udostępniania w Biuletynie Informacji Publicznej informacji o dokumentach znajdujących się w zasobie Archiwum IPN, wytworzonych przez organy bezpieczeństwa państwa, które odnoszą się do osób pełniących funkcje publiczne wymienione w art. 22 ust. 1 pkt. 1-17 oraz pkt. 20, 21 ustawy lustracyjnej. Wykaz ten zgodnie z kalendarzem wyborczym oraz z uwzględnieniem zachodzących zmian kadrowych jest systematycznie aktualizowany. Aktualizacja obejmuje publikowanie informacji o nowych osobach, jak i modyfikowanie istniejących wpisów poprzez dokonanie zmian w zakresie pełnionych funkcji publicznych, dat ich objęcia. Informacja zawiera, obok danych personalnych i pełnionej funkcji publicznej, wzmiankę, czy w zasobie archiwalnym IPN znajdują się dokumenty dotyczące osoby publicznej, a jeśli tak, podawana jest syntetyczna ich treść. Ponadto publikowane są sentencje zakończonych postępowań prokuratorskich i prawomocnych orzeczeń sądowych. Informacje dotyczące osób wymienionych w art. 22 cyt. ustawy są udostępniane w Biuletynie Informacji Publicznej przez okres pełnienia funkcji publicznych. 22 listopada 2021 r. w katalogu były opublikowane dane dotyczące 5 236 osób.

Zobacz też

 Instytut Gaucka
 Instytut Badania Reżimów Totalitarnych
 Archiwa Historyczne Węgierskiego Bezpieczeństwa Państwowego
 Narodowa Rada Badań Archiwów Securitate
 Instytut Pamięci Narodowej (na Słowacji)
 Komisja ujawniania dokumentów i ogłaszania przynależności obywateli Bułgarii do organów bezpieczeństwa państwa i służb wywiadowczych Narodowej Armii Bułgarskiej
 Ukraiński Instytut Pamięci Narodowej
 Centrum Badania Ludobójstwa i Ruchu Oporu Mieszkańców Litwy
 Lustracja osób pełniących funkcje publiczne
 Lista Wildsteina
 Nagroda Kustosz Pamięci Narodowej
 Historycy IPN

Przypisy

Bibliografia

 Adrien Le Bihan, Un procès clandestin à la lueur des archives de la police secrète polonaise, éd. Le temps qu'il fait, 2022 - ISBN 978.2.86853.685.3

Linki zewnętrzne
 Oficjalna strona IPN
 Ustawa z dnia 18 grudnia 1998 r. o Instytucie Pamięci Narodowej – Komisji Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu ()
 Ustawa z dnia 29 kwietnia 2016 r. o zmianie ustawy o Instytucie Pamięci Narodowej – Komisji Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu oraz niektórych innych ustaw ()
 Informacja o działalności Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej – Komisji Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu w okresie od 1 stycznia 2018 r. do 31 grudnia 2019 r. (druk sejmowy nr 348)

Prokuratura w Polsce
Instytut Pamięci Narodowej
Lustracja osób pełniących funkcje publiczne

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I'm gearing up to do a Book Study with some parents in my kindergarten class, using the Playful Learning book. I started thinking about how this book, by Mariah Bruehl, and the e-courses she has hosted have introduced me to new ideas and opened my eyes to a whole new approach to teaching and learning.
I pulled up a few old posts about the book and e-courses, as I was thinking about my love for Playful Learning, and decided this one was worth a repost.


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People concerned with the vehicles want to remain current with the automotive trade information. Several initiatives by the Government of India and the foremost car gamers in the Indian market are expected to make India a pacesetter on the planet by 2020. The uncertainties and transformation that may punctuate the auto trade within the subsequent decade are too potentially damaging to confront with no clear thought of real returns, in case your strategy goes as deliberate. The amount of our future insurance coverage premiums could well rely on our vehicles report on our own driving behavior. The know-how necessary to make connected and intelligent vehicles — particularly, Web networking, sensors, and software — will not be within the traditional wheelhouse for many vehicle makers. Automobile-2015 is where Auto manufacturers and Auto OEMs go to gain perspective on the most recent platforms, concept designs, emerging applied sciences and alternatives that will drive the way forward for the auto engineering.
These firms will probably show to have an outsized affect on the auto sector in the coming years, mainly as a result of their skills and the industry's needs align completely: They are adept at seamlessly connecting components to create networks valued by customers for the information, leisure, efficiencies, and experiences they deliver.
With India's doors now open to foreign investors, the auto business is bound to see a number of radical enhancements over the next few years. Innovations and modifications in any industry take time to carry ground, require the participation of the customers, and need to take care of the government regulations. Against this backdrop of macroeconomic uncertainty, we consider major transitions are underneath way that will transform auto manufacturing over the following 10 years. This book appears to be like at the competitive race to dominate the market for electric cars and the changes which can be transforming the auto business.
Since on this fast paced world we elect to not change our habits, the automotive industry is going to provide a car in the future designed to give us prompt safety safety, and provide operator help. The E.U. auto industry should figure out methods to raised match manufacturing capability to market demand, while concurrently investing in new probably robust product areas (for instance, small SUVs and crossovers) and in new automobile technologies. Additionally, Volvo just lately launched its 8400 Hybrid City Bus in India with Navi Mumbai being the first metropolis to station the buses. New technological developments have led to unique and progressive designs for future vehicles.
The world automotive industry is highly diversified and contains totally different sectors like manufacturers, suppliers, sellers, retailers, original equipment manufacturers, automotive engineers, spray painters, motor mechanics, auto electricians, aftermarket elements producers, body repairers, gasoline producers, environmental and transport safety groups and even a lot of commerce unions.


As part of a refurbishment and upgrade project, ECS Engineering Services has renewed drop gates at Baltic Wharf, Burnham on the River Crouch in Essex. The gates are based on its innovative stoplogs that are made from durable, high strength fibre reinforced polymer (FRP).
A vital part of the North Sea trade network, Baltic Wharf Burnham provides a regular ferry service to Riga and Liepaja in Latvia and Estonia. The port has been in operation for about 100 years and continues to thrive mainly on the timber trade with Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. Over 60 small cargo ships dock each year using a deep water passage through the moorings at Burnham on Crouch. The wharf also has 62 acres of storage and facilities including a saw mill to process the imported timber.
The drop gates are made up of a number of stoplogs, the original ones being timber. They are vital for protecting the Baltic distribution wood yard and nearby boat yard and marina from high water in this tidal river and for safeguarding access to two jetties where unloading cranes are located. However, after many years' service they were in need of refurbishment and renewal, so the Harbour Authority commissioned ECS to conduct a detailed survey and suggest remedial solutions.
One of the major findings from the survey was that the existing stoplogs were coming towards the end of their useful life and that their replacement was the best option. It was also noted that the existing concrete wing wall which has grooves for accommodating the stoplogs was also in poor condition.
With these findings and other information from the survey, it was decided to work up a solution that involved ECS designing, fabricating and installing new steelwork log guides which were to fit inside the existing wing walls to secure the stoplogs. ECS was also asked to design and deliver bespoke new stoplogs. ECS suggested that they be produced using long-life fibre reinforced polymer (FRP), for which it works with specialist company FiberCore Europe of Rotterdam.
ECS has an agreement that gives it exclusive rights to install a range of FRP products for water control, including stoplogs, produced by FiberCore Europe. This provides a strategic extension to ECS's steel fabrication services which is particularly useful for large scale water control installations, most of which require items such as stoplogs to be produced to bespoke dimensions.
FRP gives stoplog designers a number of advantages over the traditional steel alternative. These include resistance to corrosion and ultraviolet deterioration, lighter weight reducing the size of the required lifting equipment and effectively zero maintenance over a lifetime that could well be 50 to 100 years. Another very practical advantage of FRP is that it is not at all attractive to thieves; in contrast steel and aluminium stoplogs, especially those stored in the open can be attractive to some scrap metal thieves.
FRP stoplogs can be designed and constructed for almost any combination of width and depth dimensions, in almost any size and in single or multiple sections. Significantly they become more cost effective in comparison with steel, the larger the square meterage used.
Designers from FiberCore Europe and ECS worked together to create optimum dimensions and ECS also made special fork lift attachments for the logs, which were fitted on site in Burnham. One of FRP's many benefits is its light weight, which allows easy handling, but for this project they design team had to use careful calculations in order to avoid positive buoyancy.
With the new drop gates installed and proven effective in use, Baltic Wharf is ready for many more years as a successful, reliable and efficient port for trade with Scandinavia and beyond.


text:
Charlie Summers on Homeland Security
Bath Iron Works & Kittery Naval Shipyard are indispensable
We need a senator who not only supports our military, but also understands their needs because he is one of them. A senator who has served in both of the major wars of our time--Iraq and Afghanistan--and at the Pentagon working for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. A senator who knows the indispensable roles that Bath Iron Works and Kittery Naval Shipyard play in the defense of our nation. Source: Campaign website, www.summersformaine.com, "Message" , Apr 14, 2012
Military tribunals for terrorists; deploy National Guard
Q: Do you support using military tribunals to try suspected terrorists when ordinary civilian courts are deemed inappropriate or impractical?
Q: Should the United States hold foreign states accountable for terrorists who operate in their country?
Q: Should the federal government increase funding to states and cities for homeland security?
Q: Do you support the creation of a federal identification card system?
Q: Do you support long-term use of National Guard troops to supplement the armed forces in assignments overseas?
A: Yes. Source: Maine Congressional Election 2008 Political Courage Test , Nov 1, 2008
Agree? Disagree? Voice your opinions on Homeland Security in The Forum.
Other candidates on Homeland Security: Charlie Summers on other issues:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Film Distributors' Association (FDA) has brought something new to the table with their State of the Art Cinema exhibition.
The FDA is celebrating its centenary year this year. It's a hundred years of organised film releasing was born.
What the FDA have done is commision LEGO to build them a cinema. What they have done is incredible. It was constructed by Bright Bricks, the only builders certified in the UK by LEGO®, the model took 150 man hours to make and comprises 25,000 LEGO® bricks.
The LEGO® cinema is a focal point of FDA's STATE OF THE ART CINEMA exhibition, now in its third year and open daily to the public free of charge.
Film fans will be able to savour a snapshot of contemporary poster design and photography supporting a wide range of British and international films to be released in UK cinemas in the coming months. Visitors will also be able to download a free app to their mobile phones that will offer exclusive video content, bringing the film posters to life.
The exhibition comprises seven sections: Family releases; Coming of Age stories; Action & Adventure; Comedy; Biographies & Documentaries; Thrills & Suspense; and a large section called Britain on Screen containing images from both UK films and international movies that were made in the UK, a global filmmaking hub. Visitors will find one or two iconic classic images among the display too.
STATE OF THE ART CINEMA 2015 is resident at two central London locations from today, Tuesday 21 July – Friday 7 August at The Coningsby Gallery, and Tuesday 11 – Friday 28 August at The Strand Gallery.
The exhibition is taking place at the heart of FDA's celebrations marking the centenary of UK film distribution. Exactly 100 years ago, feature-length films were emerging as a storytelling medium in their own right, two decades after the original invention of the cinématographe machine. It was in December 1915 that the fledgling yet ambitious enterprises dedicated to supplying and promoting filmed entertainment founded their UK trade association (now FDA).
In celebration of the centenary, this year's STATE OF THE ART CINEMA exhibition will host a "memories board", displaying recollections posted on an FDA website, filmscrapbook.com, by members of the public recalling their earliest or most influential cinema visits.


• Full HD highlights video to show the place selling points (up to 5 minutes).
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• 5 Exterior photos for the building.
• 50 interior photos in DVD or online storage.
• 100 interior photos for villa in DVD or online storage.
• 3 Exterior photos for the building.


He also presented a Christmas Day show with his late wife Becky, and was very proud to produce a series of features with her about the Cancer Care Unit at Stoke Mandeville, where Becky received treatment. He also really enjoyed compiling a documentary on the history of Friars, the music club based in Aylesbury.
He lives in Bierton with his daughter "Mini" Cooper and their Greek cat - it's a long story! He's also a freelance football commentator and the PA announcer at Oxford United. He sticks to talking about the game after being told by a former England player in a charity game at Aylesbury United; "you're not very good, are you?"
Nathan is also a patron of Animal Antiks, a Bucks based charity helping young people with disabilities to reach their potential.
Want to win pizza for your entire workplace? Play War of the Works with Nathan. Just click the picture!
STAR SIGN: Sagittarius - so I'm basically half human, half horse!
BEST PIECE OF ADVICE YOU'VE EVER BEEN GIVEN: As told to me by my history teacher at school "Never reheat old spaghetti" (he was talking about relationships, but it works for cooking too).


Wouter Hamel is a Dutch Pop singer. He released his debut album Hamel in March 2007. Hamel's style has been compared to Jamie Cullum's. He has performed on several television shows and on the internationally-known North Sea Jazz Festival. His debut album, for which he wrote all of the twelve songs, was released to critical acclaim. In 2011, Hamel released his third album Lohengrin and also supported Caro Emerald on her tour in Germany.
In 2010, Menno Otten was asked to make the videoclip for the track See You once again, the videoclip was supported by the Dutch Tax Fund and produced by Goeroe Digital Media.
For Wouter Hamel's videoclip I wanted to explore the cinematic sensation of one of the oldest forms of moving images: the Zoetrope. The (fun) idea came to build a real physical Zoetrope, spin it around and create a spin of memories in which Wouter Hamel's friends spin along. Reference are made to one of my favorite experimental movies "Inferno" from Henri-Georges Clouzot.


Celebrate this joyful holiday with a heart filled with peace, love and fortune!
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No need to enter the coupon this year. The discount will be applied automatically. Simply add the component to the shopping cart and click "Checkout".
The sale is active till March 29th.


text:
Q: BackgroundService not shutting down, stoppingToken never set with .net core generic host I have a BackgroundService hosted in .net generic host as follows:
var builder = Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args);

builder
    .ConfigureLogging((hostingContext, logging) =>
    {
        logging.ClearProviders();
        logging.AddConsole();
        if(hostingContext.HostingEnvironment.IsDevelopment() == true)
            logging.AddDebug();
    })
    .ConfigureHostConfiguration(configurationBuilder =>
    {
        configurationBuilder.AddCommandLine(args);
    })
    .ConfigureAppConfiguration((hostingContext, configApp) =>
    {
        var env = hostingContext.HostingEnvironment;
        Console.WriteLine(env.EnvironmentName);
    })
    .UseConsoleLifetime();

I then have my worker:
public class Worker : BackgroundService
{
    private readonly ILogger<Worker> _logger;

    public Worker(ILogger<Worker> logger)
    {
        _logger = logger;
    }

    protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
    {
        // here i am doing something with ClientWebSocket, threads etc
        // snipped for brevity. I want to avoid spinning in a loop

        // the debugger reaches the following line
        WaitHandle.WaitAny(new[] { stoppingToken.WaitHandle });

        // but never hits this line
        this.logger.LogInformation("shutting down worker");
    }
}

On ctrl+c from the windows terminal of the running app it says Application is shutting down (this is from the framework) however the stoppingToken never gets set (so i cant shutdown my worker).
How and when does stoppingToken get set, and how can i gracefully terminate my worker?
The console

A: For BackgroundServices, they need to continue running until the cancellation token says to stop.  To do that, you need a while loop.  However, when you pass this cancellation token into any Async method, it will stop that method from running all the way through the chain if you use that same token in all the layers.  It should look something like this:
  protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
    {
        while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
        {
            // here i am doing something with ClientWebSocket, threads etc
            // snipped for brevity. I want to avoid spinning in a loop
            ...
            await client.DownloadAsync(..., stoppingToken);
            ...
        }

        // but never hits this line
        this.logger.LogInformation("shutting down worker");
    }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Dandan Zheng, Sharon Christ, Sheila West, Beatriz Munoz, Bonnielin Swenor, Byron Lam, David Lee; Longitudinal Relationships between Visual Acuity and Depressive Symptoms: the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2013;54(15):5724.
Purpose: To describe visual acuity (VA) and depressive symptom (DS) trajectories over 8 years among older adults and to estimate relationships between these trajectories.
Methods: A population-based sample of 2520 white and black individuals, aged 65-84 years in 1993-1995 were re-assessed 2, 6, and 8 years later. Presenting and best-corrected ETDRS VA were obtained with refraction performed in participants with presenting VA of 20/30 or worse. DS were assessed using the Severe Depression subscale of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)-28. Latent Growth Curve models were used to estimate VA and DS trajectories and to obtain age-adjusted associations between trajectories.
Results: Both slopes and intercepts of the best-corrected logMAR VA trajectory (slope=0.026, intercept=0.013, p<0.001) and presenting VA trajectory (slope=0.022 and intercept=0.040, p<0.001) showed starting values and increases that differ from zero. The intercept of the DS trajectory was significant (intercept=1.180, p< 0.001), but the slope was not (slope=-0.001, p=0.762), indicating no change in DS averaged over time. Best-corrected VA at baseline correlated with baseline DS (r=0.14, p<0.001) indicating a cross sectional relationship between VA and DS. DS at baseline were associated with change of best-corrected VA over time (r=0.17, p=0.01). Baseline best-corrected VA was not associated with DS change (r=0.017, p=0.8). VA change was not associated with DS change (r=-0.03, p=0.7). Similar relationships were found between presenting VA and DS. Post-hoc analyses were performed in the subset of participants whose vision was 20/40 or worse at baseline, and in a subgroup that had better than 20/40 vision at baseline. In both cases after adjustment for age there was no significant change in DS over time.
Conclusions: Consistent with previous research there is a significant cross-sectional association between DS and VA. Those with higher depression scores at baseline were more likely to experience worsening VA over time. However, change in VA was not associated with change in DS that may be attributed to the limited interpersonal variation in DS change over time. Future studies should include more frequent assessment of DS (i.e., monthly) using measures which also assess more mild/moderate symptomatology which may not be captured by the (GHQ)-28 Depression subscale.


text:
Anticipating a Dream Role
by RoxyRegionalTheatre on March 5, 2011
Gregory Pember, who received his training from The Boston Conservatory, made his Roxy debut last season as Frankie in Forever Palid and as Jack in Into the Woods. Other past performance credits include Oklahoma! (Interlakes Summer Theatre) and Little Shop of Horrors (Norman Rothstein Theatre), among others. This season, Gregory returns to the Roxy stage for Hamlet (Hamlet) and Bea(u)tiful in the Extreme.
I want to say how awesome it is to be back in an environment where actors are so respected and everyday is all about the work! This is what I've been looking forward to as I've been eagerly awaiting my return to The Roxy. It has been such a relief to finally get on my feet and interact with such talented, focused and supportive actors as I have been anticipating and working on my own in preparation for rehearsals in New York City for awhile now. I will say that it was a weird adjustment, at first, to be back in Clarksville without the casts of Forever Plaid and Into the Woods here as well, but as soon as we began to work in rehearsals a new family was immediately established.
It is an absolute honor to be playing such a monumental role in the history of dramatic literature. It is the most humbling experience in my professional career so far and quite possibly ever. This past fall my acting teacher helped put my mind to ease, as he could tell that I was putting an extreme amount of pressure on myself and the process in an effort to live up to my own "expectations" of what the role "should" be. He then imparted his wisdom by telling me to stop putting any pressure on performing the role as this is my first opportunity to play Hamlet. Even if I never do in fact have the opportunity to play this role again, which I pray that I will, with this mentality I was able to relieve much of the stress that I was putting on myself to give the role the credit and the performance that it deserves and calls for.
I am definitely going to be sad to see the rehearsal process come to an end, which is a rarity for me when preparing to open a show before an audience. I was very anxious to begin this process as I could not fathom how two weeks would suffice for rehearsal time to put together a production of Hamlet in which I was playing the title role. However, the amount of work that had been done on everyone's part before rehearsals even began was so evident at our first read through that I was no longer scared about the short process but inspired and excited to work with such a professional, passionate and respectful team. I have always been told that theatre is communication and this idea is definitely driven home when working with Shakespearean text. Since the language is not as accessible as contemporary drama such as Mamet or Miller, it is our job as actors to make sure that we are communicating the text to the audience in such a way that it is accessible and that the story is clear and easy to follow. This is definitely a challenge with Shakespeare, but I think that is what makes it so fun to approach from an acting standpoint as we have to almost "decode" what is being said through the text. If we don't know what we're talking about there is no way that the audience will. I do hope that you will come and join us at the theatre to take part in this exciting production of one of the best (if not the best) plays ever written!
Gregory Pember
Previous post: Baby Steps
Next post: Memories of Shakespeare at The Roxy


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The Seogwipo Arts Center had prepared to hold a special concert, "Cho Yoon-bhum's Power Classic", on its cultural day in January.
Violinist Cho Yoon-bhum is a musician who starts popularizing classical music through various stages and media. In the concert, he will tell the history of classical music through performances and narration.
On the day of the concert, he will perform famous Western classical music with his performance team Quartet X. The program list includs Johann Pachelbel's Canon and Gigue D Major, Handel's Passacaglia, Brahms' Hungarian Dances No.1 & No.5, Saint-Saёns' Danse macabre, Op. 40 and Dvořák's, String Quartet No.12 'American'.
It will be a good chance to break the stereotype of classical music that has always seemed difficult.
You can enter the music hall 30 minutes before the performance starts. Last entry will be ended five minutes before the concert starts.
*Children over seven year-old can enter the concert.


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Q: How to fix caller id format in iOS 8.1.2 iPhone 6+ I recently passed from iPhone 4 to iPhone 6+ and found unpleasant issue of caller id that I have fixed long time ago on my previous jailbroken iPhone 4 and wondering if something similar exists for iOS 8.x?
In iPhone 4 iOS 5.1 I have modified file in /System/Library/Frameworks/UIKit.framework/PhoneFormats/UIMobileCountryCodes.plist with I-Funbox by changing the country code.
I tried the same with my iPhone 6+ in iOS 8.1.2 but that path and .plist file doesn't exist. Could anyone managed to fix this? Is there similar file or way to do this?
I also tried to fix this with Fix Caller ID Format iOS 8.x of Bovor.net repo through Cydia but didn't work :/
Thank you!

A: I just found the solution to the problem so, someone might be interested :) In Cydia you search for application "CallerID-Format Fix iOS 5.x" and install it simply. The iPhone will restart and voilà. I tested it in iPhone 6+ with iOS 8.1.2 and it worked.


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Posted inArt Reviews
Shedding Light on Homelessness Through Artistic Ingenuity
The unhoused can teach a masterclass on survival — and that we are all just one stroke of bad luck away from the same fate.
by Billy Anania April 11, 2022 April 22, 2022
Detail from Willie Baronet, "We Are All Homeless" (2022) (all photos by Billy Anania/Hyperallergic unless otherwise noted)
The Financial District of Manhattan is ridden with banners declaring New York City the "Real Estate Capital of the World." You can find them hanging from lampposts on Wall Street, in front of tenement buildings, and even around City Hall and the Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE) building. The longstanding relationship between city officials, commercial developers, and wealthy homeowners has diverted the city's ongoing housing crisis to a matter of personal responsibility, and leadership's only solution is more policing.
As mainstream media demonizes signs of poverty in public spaces, artists around the city are developing pedagogies to expose the power dynamics at play. UnHomeless NYC, on view at the Kingsborough Community College Art Museum, focuses on the materiality of unhoused conditions. Cardboard signs appear alongside photographs of makeshift shelters, upcycled clothing, written testimonials from unhoused New Yorkers, and printed statistics on local evictions. In this way, the show also focuses on materialism in the Marxist sense — through the historical process of capital accumulation, excess production of commodities, and ejection of surplus lives from labor and land ownership.
Installation view of UnHomeless NYC at Kingsborough Community College Art Museum (Courtesy Kingsborough Community College Art Museum)
At the foot of the gallery entrance, a laminated bar graph printed by Martha Rosler visualizes the number of New Yorkers in municipal homeless shelters under each mayor, from 1983 to 2019. Remarkably, the 14,855 figure of Ed Koch's tenure declined during that of David Dinkins and Rudy Giuliani, rising again under Michael Bloomberg and peaking at 62,590 under Bill DeBlasio. Part of Rosler's series IF YOU LIVED HERE … (1989-ongoing), the stats reveal how party affiliation has little to do with humanist governance, as Democratic leaders maintain the highest numbers.
Rosler gathers similar statistics in colorful graphs and pie charts across a makeshift workspace of tables, chairs, and desks in the center of the gallery. For this iteration of the project, City University of New York (CUNY) researcher Vicky Virgin integrated data on rent burden among CUNY students and its connections to housing and food insecurity. The installation encourages visitors to write sticky-note answers to questions on the root causes of homelessness, reasons that lawmakers criminalize poverty, and details of personal experiences. Anonymous responses range from single words such as "politics" and "heartlessness" to full paragraphs on institutional exploitation and stories from former foster children.
Public collaboration is the show's greatest strength. Visitors can take pamphlets and zines by housing justice groups and educate ourselves on the process of gentrification. A display by the collective BFAMFAPhD simply shows a plastic container with handouts for upcoming workshops with staff members of the community college. On a large printed map by the Anti-Eviction Mapping Project, hundreds of tiny red dots across the boroughs indicate reported evictions. Nearby, printed menus by Nancy Hwang, Michael Mangieri, and Heidi Thomas appear on brown paper, titled "Outdoor Dining" (2021) to hint at pandemic-related displacement.
Miguel Robles-Durán and Cohabitation Strategies, "How to Begin Again" (2021), detail
In their documentary Uneven Growth (2014), Miguel Robles-Durán and Cohabitation Strategies (CohStra) discuss the exploitative housing market, and how New York landlords are often just hedge funds. Renowned author and CUNY professor David Harvey appears along with community organizer Kendall Jackman and journalist Laura Gottesdiener to address rising rents and foreclosures. Still shots of Lower Manhattan skyscrapers cut between subway tracking shots of dilapidated housing in the outer boroughs. Directly behind the television playing this video, illustrated printouts detail CohStra's manifesto for producing "socially just cities," including the promotion of urban consciousness, transnational solidarity, and worker control.
Sachigusa Yasuda's ongoing series Upcycle, Uplift (2020) critiques fast fashion through a retail display of reworked designer clothing. Several racks and tables of shirts, pants, jackets, and sweatshirts are arranged in the gallery's back corner, with strips of blue tape forming the outline of a house against the wall. Yasuda collaborated with residents of city shelters to sew extra pockets on the arms and legs, arguing that unhoused people are more likely to be robbed than renters and homeowners, even within soup kitchens. A rolling security gate around the display makes it appear like a closed storefront, alluding to capitalist insecurity around shoplifting and petty crime.
Sachigusa Yasuda, Upcycle, Uplift (2020-ongoing)
Large tags hanging from clothing by Yves Saint Laurent and Dockers describe institutional violence and trauma inflicted on unhoused Black mothers. Other tags include quotes from shelter residents Marcus Moore, Lisa Batts, and Sarah Wilson. On one blazer, a tag written by Moore explains that he "saw over the years how people were labeled" and the stigma of homelessness became attributed to "saggy pants" and a "scruffy" look. These disembodied outfits feel ghostly, yet the sleek streetwear also evokes how corporations like Urban Outfitters and H&M force employees to destroy "dimed-out" merchandise.
Since former New York Police Department officer Eric Adams became mayor, the five boroughs have already undergone a wave of NYPD officers violently dismantling homeless encampments. As such, Willie Baronet's large-scale collage "We Are All Homeless" (2022) is particularly affecting. Across an entire wall, Baronet compiles cardboard signs collected from city streets since 1993. An abundance of desperate pleas and expressions of grief reach out from the past, conveying generations of suffering under the city government's organized abandonment. It indicates that of all New Yorkers, the unhoused can teach a masterclass on survival — and that we are all just one stroke of bad luck away from the same fate.
UnHomeless NYC continues at the Kingsborough Community College Art Museum (2001 Oriental Boulevard, Manhattan Beach, Brooklyn) through April 14. The exhibition was curated by Midori Yamamura, Tommy Mintz, Maureen Connor, Jason Leggett, and Rob Robinson.
Hundreds of Cultural Workers Denounce Inequity in NYC's Real Estate Development
Over 100 Art Workers Demonstrate to Demand Relief for NYC's Cultural Sector
Eleven Contemporary Artists Explore the Meaning of Shelter at the Virginia Museum of Contemporary Art
Some museums are opting for new language to describe the preserved individuals in their collections who were once living humans.
by Rhea Nayyar
Presented by Northwestern's Block Museum and McCormick School of Engineering, this new exhibition seeks empathy at the boundaries of life. On view in Evanston, Illinois.
by The Block Museum
Located in Des Moines, Iowa, this residency for emerging and established artists includes studio and living space, a $1,000 monthly stipend, and more.
As art history buffs on the app have pointed out, both movements attribute meaning to the meaningless.
India Tries to Block Documentary Critical of Modi
Multiple posts about the film have been taken down on Twitter, many of them following the government's removal requests.
by Taylor Michael
Nine performance works transform the Neuberger Museum of Art in Purchase, NY. Co-curated by artist Kate Gilmore and art historian Jonah Westerman.
This week, blonde hair supremacy, Salman Rushdie's new novel, and why do boutique shops all look the same?
by Hrag Vartanian and Lakshmi Rivera Amin
Hamline Faculty Call for University President's Resignation
Fayneese Miller is under fire after the school failed to renew the contract of an adjunct who showed artworks depicting the Muslim Prophet Muhammad.
Fully-funded teaching assistantships are standard for MFA students at the top-ranked, flagship research university in the state of New York.
Hundreds of visitors were evacuated from the Incan site over the weekend.
by Elaine Velie
Kenneth Tam Excavates the History of Chinese Labor in the American West
The artist's works resonate in West Texas, where the story of dehumanized and exploited migrant laborers is tangible and ever-present.
by Alyce Santoro
Advance Your Creativity With Dynamic Grad Programs at University of the Arts
Master new skills, set new goals, and grow as an artist.
Keeping Tony Price's Legacy Alive in Santa Fe
A posthumous show of Price's work is curated by James Hart of Phil Space, the self-proclaimed "gallerist of death."
by Jordan Eddy
Mildred Howard's Art of Giving
She has raised generations of Bay Area artists and changed the local landscape with her public artworks, colleagues tell Hyperallergic.
by Emily Wilson
Tagged: Affordable Housing, Homelessness, Kingsborough Community College Art Museum, New York, Reviews
Billy Anania
Billy Anania is an editor, critic, and journalist in New York City whose work focuses on political economy in the cultural industries and the history of art in global liberation movements. More by Billy Anania


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2002 Global Attitudes
Inquiries & Conferences
TagAmericas agreement
August 8, 2019 / usa / 0 Comments
In an address to 20 Latin American newspaper editors meeting in Atlanta in early February, Brazil's Ambassador to the United States, Rubens Barbosa, called US moves in 2002 to broker bilateral deals within the Free Trade Area of the Americas agreement a "difficult point in the negotiations" that could slow the major trade agreement's completion by 2005.
"Brazil has been always accused of dragging its feet, of being reluctant on the negotiations. I dare to say it's not Brazil who is making difficult these negotiations," Ambassador Barbosa told Central and South American editors and members of the US financial, academic and business community meeting in Atlanta. "We want to negotiate a real free-trade agreement, not a semi-free-trade agreement. We want to have fair trade. We want to have fair rules in the WTO, in the FTAA, rules that are not turned against us for protectionist reasons by companies or by governments."
Latin America and FTAA were the subject of the day-long World Times International Inquiry "No More Messiahs? Latin America and the FTAA" held in cooperation with Delta Air Lines youporn and cohosted by the Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and the Southern Center for International Studies.
Brazil and the United States were selected as co-chairs during the two-year home stretch of the 34-nation FTAA negotiation process, which began in 1994 and is scheduled to be completed in 2005.
US Deputy Assistant Trade Representative Bennett Harman, speaking separately from prepared remarks during a morning panel, said prospects for the FTAA are "good — the FTAA is on track" and called the co-chairmanship between Brazil and the United States "a brilliant move. It ensures that there is a certain ownership of the process by the two major players. And we're off to a great start in that cooperation."
But co-piloting the negotiations doesn't mean the United States and Brazil will agree on progress and terms. Currently the biggest sticking point for Brazil is the bilateral negotiations the United States began of youjizz negotiating in 2002 on market access for goods. Mr. Harman said the United States is taking into account the size and the level of development of individual countries or groups of countries, from Central America to the Andean trading group. These bilateral agreements within FTAA have been coupled with reforms, investments, and changes in institutional structure to "enhance rule of law, investor certainty, and transparency of process and to reduce opportunities for corruption," Mr. Harman said. "And I believe when you see indications, announcments in the US approach to the FTAA, the market-access offers, you'll appreciate that we are being very proactive within the FTAA, very forthcoming."
A US-Chile agreement awaiting ratification in the US Congress is of special concern to Brazil. The agreement would install fines for abrogating social and environmental clauses that could lead to trade sanctions if the fines are unpaid. "If you look at the US-Chile agreement, it gives you, I think, a sense, that the US is prepared to negotiate an ambitious and comprehensive trade agreement," Mr. Harman said. "The US-Chile agreement we believe is going to set a high standard for the FTAA."
But Ambassador Barbosa said a similar agreement would be unacceptable to Brazil and its partners in Mercosur — Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay — which form Latin America's largest trade bloc. "Mercosur is against this," the ambassador said. "We have already said in public that if the benchmarks and precedents are included, Brazil will have a very difficult situation, because of the difference in the size of the country. Brazil is the second industrial country in the region after the United States. The diversity of the economy is second only to the United States, and we have many other interests in this whole exercise."
Ambassador Barbosa said heavy US agricultural subsidies could also affect the outcome of the FTAA as well as negotiations at the World Trade Organization, which meets in Cancún in September. Brazil's position on large US subsidies to farmers is being watched closely by developing nations. The outcome of subsidies negotiations at the WTO level could directly affect the FTAA. "If by Cancún no concrete progress has been achieved in these areas, then I think we won't have a final [FTAA] negotiation by 2005," Ambassador Barbosa said.
Mr. Harman said the solutions to the agricultural subsidies must be global. He affirmed that the United States is "working very proactively, very aggressively, building support within the hemisphere, finding common ground in confronting the true source of the problem on subsidies, which come from the likes of Europe and Japan. So we have an agenda, we have a way of approaching that difficult issue, and we are very willing to negotiate on it."
February 15 marks another milestone in the FTAA timetable, when member countries offer proposals on specific products and sectors. Mr. Harman said the United States is on track to make its offers. "This is getting a little more real. It's getting quite tangible. So, we're on the home stretch, in that sense. We really only have 2003 and 2004 to conclude negotiations within the deadline set by the 34 presidents and heads of governments of all the participating countries in the hemisphere, except Cuba."
But Ambassador Barbosa said Brazil would need more time to reflect on the question of investment, procurement and perhaps services. "We will need a few more weeks, and probably by the end of March we'll present our proposal, our initial offer," he said.
Both Ambassador Barbosa and Mr. Harman said in their separate remarks that the positions of the other's country in the FTAA negotiations is understandable. "That's to be expected," Mr. Harman said, "and we welcome Brazil strongly defending its interests in the negotiations. We would expect them to. President Lula has been quite clear that he is committed to the FTAA. He wants to negotiate a good deal for Brazil."
Ambassador Barbosa said disagreements over free-trade negotiations do not suggest a strain in US-Brazil relations. "After four years in Washington, one thing I learned is that, especially in South America, when countries do not agree with the United States, they are seen as against the United States. This is not the case. The fact that you don't agree with the United States doesn't imply that you are against the United States. We are working together. We want to work together. We want to have this free-trade area, but we have different positions, and this is normal."
WORLD TIMES STAGES 25TH-ANNIVERSARY INTERNATIONAL INQUIRY
In cooperation with Delta Air Lines, World Times, Inc. invited the editors of 20 leading Latin American newspapers, from El Financiero in Costa Rica to Valor Economico in Brazil, to Atlanta to brainstorm regional challenges and discuss the Western Hemisphere free-trade agenda. The editors as well as 100 speakers and invited guests from Washington and Atlanta shared ideas about the free-trade negotiations and the economic, social and political future of Latin America in workshops and plenary sessions moderated by experts on Latin America, trade diplomacy and international economics.
Delta Air Lines provided transportation expertise and logistics for the attendees. The Southern Center for International Studies and the Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce co-hosted the meeting, which is further made possible by the support of several Atlanta-based corporations and organizations: Perishables Group International LLP, Summit National Bank, Swissôtel Buckhead, Frontera, the Atlanta Convention and Visitors Bureau and the Celia and Marcos Family Institute.
Based in Boston since 1978, World Times, Inc. regularly conducts International Inquiries to research facts, develop new thinking and create prospective reports to identify and clarify the dynamics of global trends. World Times brings together veteran journalists, academics, business leaders, scientists, government representatives and nongovernmental organizations from diverse backgrounds and geographies. Its research findings are published in The WorldPaper special editorial section on global issues in its Associate Publications around the world and made available to the public through white papers and conference proceedings.
© 2023 Feed Show


Radio Controlled Clock Daylight Saving Time or Standard Time Did Not Set.
Make sure Daylight Savings Time (DST) is set properly. All states except Hawaii and Arizona observe Daylight Savings Time. If you observe DST, make sure this setting is turned ON. The default is OFF.
Be patient. Wait at least one week. The RCC is a shortwave signal originating near Fort Collins, Colorado, and travels thousands of miles by bouncing off the ionosphere. The signal is better at night due to solar interference during the daytime. The farther you are from Colorado, the weaker the signal. Urban environments can also effect the signal strength.
Locate the console or clock at night near a window or outer wall, and away from other radiating sources, like wireless routers or TVs. This will insure the best reception possible.
Test and replace the batteries in the console, if required. Low batteries are often the cause for weak reception.
Check your Time Zone Setting. Make sure your time zone is set properly in the display console settings. All times zones in the USA are negative. It is very common for the customer to enter 6 instead of -6 for example.


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Gaius Vettius Sabinianus Julius Hospes (165-191) est un officier militaire et sénateur de l'Empire romain. Né au sein l'ordre équestre, probablement en Afrique du Nord, il suit le parcours traditionnel des classes supérieurs romaines, associant des fonctions militaires, administratifs et judiciaire, appelé . Il mène une longue et remarquable carrière militaire et politique sous les règnes des empereurs Antonin le Pieux, Marc Aurèle et Commode.

Nommé représentant spécial de l'empereur à plusieurs reprises, il est également gouverneur de successivement quatre provinces frontalières particulièrement turbulentes de l'Empire. Il se forge une réputation de commandant militaire capable, quoique brutal ; les empereurs qu'il sert ayant recours à ses services pour faire face aux problèmes aussi bien internes et qu'externes à l'Empire. Marc Aurèle le nomme consul en 175 ou 176 en récompense de sa loyauté et de son habilité pendant la révolte du général Avidius Cassius. Il reçoit également de nombreuses distinctions pour sa bravoure personnelle.

Biographie

Origines et début de carrière
Né au sein de l'ordre équestre, peut-être en Afrique du Nord, Gaius Vettius Sabinianus est adopté par la famille aristocratique . Il commence sa carrière militaire comme  chargé de la cohorte , puis est promu au rang de tribun militaire, un officier supérieur, dans la . Gaius Vettius Sabinianus retourne ensuite à Rome pour occuper les magistratures du , le parcours alternant entre positions militaires et administratives suivie par les hommes aspirant aux hautes fonctions politique au début de l'Empire romain. Il occupe les postes de questeur, chargé des finances publiques, puis de tribun de la plèbe, un magistrat ayant, en théorie, de grands pouvoir sur la législature, et enfin de préteur, une position avancée administrative et judiciaire ne répondant qu'à l'empereur. Il est alors nommé légat, commandant d'une légion, sous les ordres du proconsul d'Asie. Il est ensuite envoyé comme légat impérial () dans les Cyclades, un commandement spécial visant à rétablir l'ordre civil dans ces îles dépendant de la province d'Asie.

Sous le règne de Marc Aurèle

Au début des règnes de Marc Aurèle et Lucius Verus, Gaius Vettius Sabinianus est juge supérieur des régions italiennes d'Émilie, d'Étrurie et de Ligurie. Vers 165, l'empereur Marc Aurèle lève une nouvelle légion  pour mener les guerres marcomanes, et nomme Sabinianus premier commandant, en tant que légat. Il est ensuite légat impérial chargé des finances de trois provinces gauloises (en latin : ), sous l'autorité directe de l'empereur. Cette mission indique peut-être un problème grandissant de dettes dans la province, dû aux guerres marcomanes. Il est par la suite légat d'une nouvelle légion, la , jouissant d'un pouvoir civil et militaire sur la Pannonie supérieure après une défaite romaine dans la province vers 170 et la mort du gouverneur. Après une brève période à Rome comme préfet de l'Ærarium (trésor d'Etat), il est a nouveau envoyé à la frontière, cette fois comme , gouverneur impérial de la Pannonie supérieure, où il sert d'environ 170 à 175. Il prend, il participe à la première guerre marcomane ayant débuté en 168, prenant part à plusieurs batailles contre les tribus germaniques. Pour récompenser les services rendus, Marc Aurèle lui offre une importante part du butin de la campagne.

Lors de l'usurpation d'Avidius Cassius en 175, Sabinianus est envoyé par Marc Aurèle prendre le commandement des vexillations (détachement) d'Illyrie afin de défendre Rome contre une possible avancée de Cassius. En se positionnant à Rome même, Sabinianus doit également s'assurer que les opposants aux guerres continues contre les Germains présents dans la ville, menés par la famille de Lucius Verus, ne tirent pas avantage de la rébellion de Cassius pour affaiblir le pouvoir impérial. Pour le récompenser de sa loyauté durant la crise, Sabinianus est nommé consul suffect vers 176, l'un des honneurs les plus importants de l'État romain dont les candidats étaient choisis avec soin par l'empereur. Il est ensuite curateur, un administrateur nommé par l'empereur, de Puteoli puis , curateur des temples. En 177, il est à nouveau , cette fois en Dalmatie, avec pour mission de mettre un terme au banditisme dans les régions autour des actuelles Albanie et Monténégro, tâche que le précédent gouverneur, Didius Julianus, avait été incapable de mener.

De 179 à 182, Vettius Sabinianus est gouverneur impérial de Dacie. Pendant son mandat, il assujettit   à la frontière et les installe dans la province. Il est probablement le gouverneur mentionné par les sources qui mène une guerre victorieuse, bien que brutale, contre les Bures jusqu'en 182. Cette guerre est suivie par la création d'une zone tampon de cinq milles de large le long de la bordure de la province. Il est finalement à nouveau légat impérial en Pannonie supérieure, avant d'être gouverneur d'Afrique proconsulaire, vers 191. Cette dernière fonction connue de Sabinianus est considérée comme l'une des plus importantes de l'Empire, compte tenu de la dépendance de Rome pour le grain qui y est produit.

Distinctions et famille
Vettius Sabinianus obtient à trois reprises la couronne civique, la deuxième plus haute décoration militaire d'un citoyen romain. Cette couronne de feuilles de chêne tressées est réservée aux citoyens romains ayant sauvé la vie d'autres citoyens en tuant un ennemi. Il obtient également  et le vexillum, deux fois chacun.

Son fils s'est marié à la fille de , gouverneur proconsulaire d'Afrique vers 163-164. Son petit fils est Gaius Vettius Gratus Sabinianus, consul en 221.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Bibliographie

 .

Consul de l'Empire romain
Consul romain du IIe siècle
Fonctionnaire impérial du IIe siècle
Date de naissance incertaine (IIe siècle)
Date de décès incertaine (IIe siècle)
Militaire de la Rome antique au IIe siècle
Gouverneur romain d'Afrique (province romaine) au IIe siècle
Gouverneur romain de Pannonie supérieure


The left lane of northbound traffic on Pine Street near Palmetto and Poplar Streets will be closed overnight Friday into Saturday morning for waterline maintenance.
Spartanburg Water said in a statement the work begins about 7 p.m. Friday and will be finished about 7 a.m. Saturday. Crews will be excavating at two intersections, at Pine and Palmetto streets and at Pine and Poplar streets, to perform water line maintenance. The right lane of northbound traffic will remain open during construction.
Customers affected by the water service disruption during construction have been notified.
For more information, call Spartanburg Water at 864-582-6375.