Earlier last year, China's Central Bank, the People's Bank of China, introduced the direct route for foreign investors to access the China Interbank Bond Market.
CIBM accounts for over 90% of the onshore bond market in China and this provides foreign investors access to the third largest bond market in the world after the United States and Japan.
Earlier last year, China's Central Bank, the People's Bank of China (PBOC), introduced the direct route for foreign investors to access the China Interbank Bond Market (CIBM). CIBM accounts for over 90% of the onshore bond market in China (see Figure 1) and this provides foreign investors access to the third largest bond market in the world after the United States and Japan (see Figure 2).
The onshore bond market is predominantly made up of the CIBM and the exchange bond market.1 The CIBM is the over-the counter (OTC) market and is regulated by the PBOC. The exchange bond market refers to bonds listed and traded on the two main stock exchanges, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. Figure 3 below illustrates the China bond market structure.
Government bonds and policy bank bonds which are issued in CIBM represent 89% of CIBM distribution volume. Corporate bonds with 4% CIBM distribution volume is a rapidly growing market in recent years (see Figure 4). As of January 2017, policy bank bonds constitute over 30% of the total trading volume in the China interbank market, followed by certificate of deposit (see Figure 5).
"The relative ease of access to CIBM can be an important factor for global investors when considering to include China onshore bonds in their investment portfolio." says Magdalene Tay, APAC Custody Product Manager for Asset Servicing at BNY Mellon.
The foreign ownership in CIBM is small, representing less than 2% of the outstanding value (see Figure 8). One of the key reasons is due to the restricted access for foreign investors.
In 2010, the PBOC started to allow foreign institutional investors namely foreign central banks, RMB clearing and settlement banks, and sovereign wealth funds to invest in CIBM. In 2011, CIBM was further made available to Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (QFII) and subsequently Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (RQFII) in 2013.
In February 2016, the Chinese government, in an effort to liberalize the capital market, further widened the scope of foreign investors to all foreign institutional investors including commercial banks, insurance companies, asset managers, pension funds and broker-dealers, to CIBM via the direct access route.
"This new direct route to the China interbank bonds market provides fund managers new opportunities, in particular, the ability to access onshore RMB fixed income securities in a manner which, practically, is much more flexible than the existing QFII and RQFII quota systems." Stéphane Karolczuk says. Figure 9 illustrates the different types of foreign investors registered with the PBOC since the inauguration of CIBM direct route.
The direct access route simplifies and expedites the entry process which entails only registration with the PBOC. There is no individual and aggregate investment limits. In addition, there is no foreign exchange restriction such as lock-up and repatriation.
In August 2016, PBOC had approved the World Bank to issue Special Drawing Rights (SDR) denominated bond in the CIBM with a total size equivalent to USD 2.8 billion.3 This marked another step by the Chinese government to internationalize the capital market.
The recent announcements have brought the China bond market closer to inclusion in global indices. China and Hong Kong are also currently discussing "Bond Connect", following the successful launch of the Stock Connect. This initiative would make Chinese bonds more accessible to international investors.
"The direct access route can prove relatively easy and quick as it requires registration only with the PBOC", says Magdalene Tay, BNY Mellon (see Figure 11).
In the registration form, the applicant has to indicate the anticipated investment size in CIBM. Additionally, the international investor has to inject 50% of the anticipated investment size registered with PBOC within 9 months from the date on which the registration is completed. Otherwise, the international investor has to re-file the anticipated investment size with PBOC.
With the anticipated inclusion of China's bonds in the global indices, BNY Mellon Asset Servicing APAC estimates foreign investment in CIBM may reach as high as 7% by 2020.
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This report presents a comprehensive overview of the Chocolate market in Europe, which shares the history data information from 2012 to 2016, and forecast from 2017 to 2022.
This report provides a detailed analysis of the market, including its dynamics, structure, characteristics, main players, growth and demand drivers, etc. As a Detailed Analysis report, it covers all details inside analysis and opinion in Chocolate industry.
By Government Standard: Dark Chocolate, Milk Chocolate, White Chocolate.
By Center Filler: Solid Chocolate, Whisky Heart Chocolate..


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Miserable old git
15st 7lb, 5.2 units. August Bank Holiday Monday. When I was a lad we always had to spend bank holidays at home, because my dad pronounced that "the world and his wife" would be out on the roads (this circa 1960, when there were some 8.5 million licensed vehicles in the United Kingdom, compared with more than 34 million today, though admittedly we have constructed a few more miles of motorway in the intervening years).
At the time I thought he was a miserable old git and resolved that I would never be like that (as I resolved never to take a nap after lunch, as my parents did every day, leaving me to wander around the garden having meaningful conversations with my imaginary friend Mr Fothergill – it is a wonder, with the benefit of hindsight, that the neighbours did not apply to have me certified).
Then, in the natural course of events, I turned into a miserable old git myself and realized that the old boy had been right all along. Few things beat a nice afternoon nap, and driving anywhere on a bank holiday is for mugs. The furthest I used to go on August Bank Holiday was the Glendale Show at Wooler, some 13 miles from home. Then came the year I drove the three miles to the A697 and found that the queue to get into the car park started right there. So I gave up on that for the rest of my life, and sat at home with a good book instead.
But that was before I acquired a family, who obviously need entertaining. So this year Mrs H proposed a visit to Bunbury church fete, having taken the precaution of checking on all the other traffic-generating events in the area and calculating the optimum time for our visit, taking into account both likely vehicle flows and The Boy's all-important feeding schedule. We got there around 3, without incident or delay, and were directed smoothly into Beeston Castle's overflow car park.
The fact that we had to wait a while for a long stream of cars to leave did suggest that we might have missed the best of the day's fun, and the dog agility display was indeed over. But there was still the second hand bookstall, where I bought four 50p paperbacks despite my firm resolution never to acquire another book until I have worked my way through the several thousand unread ones I already own. Then there was the chance to buy some jams and chutney, and to have a lovely slice of homemade cake with a mug of tea in the tea tent. Best of all from The Boy's point of view were the bouncy castle, to which he rapidly developed a homing instinct, despite our warnings that he was far too young to participate in the fun; and the miniature steam engine, which he observed with absolute fascination. This was very encouraging news for a Dadda with ambitions to build him a serious train set.
The Boy's first encounter with a steam engine
The proud owner of the steam locomotive observed that it was always nice to see the young taking an interest, and gave thanks to the Rev Awdry and Thomas the Tank Engine for sparking their interest in something that they otherwise simply would not understand. I observed that The Boy probably had something of an advantage in that respect, having a father who was used to seeing every train hauled by a steam engine in his own youth. He looked at me as though I were slightly deranged, but it is true. Many were the happy hours I spent by the sidings at Little Benton watching East Coast expresses steam through as smaller locomotives fussed about shunting rakes of coal wagons. I rather wish now that I had not had that short-lived burst of maturity in my early teens, which led me to discard the many books full of locomotive numbers I had collected.
After a couple of unsuccessful goes on the hoopla stall, we headed for home feeling suitably contented with our simple pleasures, swerving to avoid the occasional impatient motorcyclist but otherwise experiencing no road-related problems whatsoever.
Sorry, dad. I feel as though I have rather let you down.
Labels: afternoon nap, bank holidays, bouncy castle, Bunbury, Glendale Show, Little Benton, misery, Mr Fothergill, The Boy, train set
So Charlie has finally said the magic word...
Dadda! Congratulations, Dadda.
Euston, we have a problem

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The 2021 Ram 1500 TRX Is Missing Basic Features for a $71,000 Truck
by Sadie Graves | More Articles: Trucks
When it comes to off-road performance trucks, the Ford F-150 Raptor was previously the only entry in this segment. Designed as a "Raptor Killer," the 2021 Ram 1500 TRX was designed to outperform and outsell the 2021 Ford Raptor. Needless to say, the 2021 Ram 1500 TRX has its work cut out for it to overcome the Raptor's massive popularity and state-of-the-art design. Although the 2021 TRX is a great truck, here are some areas where Car and Driver believes the TRX has space to improve.
The Ram 1500 TRX
The Ram 1500 TRX is truly an off-road beast. The all-wheel-drive performance truck is built to handle the toughest terrains with its supercharged 6.2-liter V8 Hellcat engine which is capable of a stunning 702 hp and 650 lb-ft of torque. In addition to this, the 2021 TRX is also built with an improved suspension, stronger frame, and wider body than the regular Ram 1500.
The 2021 TRX has impressive results when it comes to its speed and power. According to Car and Driver, the 2021 TRX has a 0 to 60 mph time of 3.7 seconds – comparable to some sports cars. Furthermore, the TRX has a 0 to 100 mph time of 9.7 seconds which is also quite impressive considering its immense size.
Furthermore, according to MotorTrend, the 2021 Ram 1500 TRX has a towing capacity of 8,100 pounds- 100 pounds more than the 2021 Raptor. Additionally, the 2021 TRX can haul up to 1,310 pounds in the truck bed which is 110 pounds better than the 2021 Raptor. One downside of this immense power and speed is the TRX's fuel economy, which is 12 mpg combined according to Ram but was observed to be 9 mpg by Car and Driver.
Where the 2021 Ram TRX impressed
It is no secret that Car and Driver loved the 2021 Ram TRX – even giving it a 10/10 rating and also awarding it a place on Car and Driver's 2021 10Best list. The 2021 TRX's defining feature is its Hellcat engine which produces a stunning 702 hp. This makes the 2021 TRX "unbelievably quick," especially for its size, and more powerful than its competitor the Ford Raptor.
Furthermore, the 2021 Ram 1500 TRX also has impressive suspension which is capable of up to 13 inches of travel. The TRX's 35-inch all-terrain tires help it handle almost every off-road terrain and also helps give it 11.8 inches of ground clearance. Additionally, the 2021 TRX can drive through up to 32 inches of water.
A world-class interior
The 2021 Ford F-150 Lags Behind the 2021 Ram 1500 in Two Key Areas
The 2021 Ram 1500 TRX's luxury, the upscale interior also impressed Car and Driver. Just like the normal Ram 1500, the TRX has a luxurious and comfortable interior. The base TRX's interior is identical to the Ram 1500 Rebel with its cloth upholstery and range of standard equipment. However, there is also the option for the TR1 and TR2 packages which include leather-lined surfaces.
The 2021 TRX also comes with a digital rearview mirror, a head-up display, and heated and ventilated front seats. The TRX's large 12.0-inch touchscreen infotainment system boasts Apple CarPlay, Android Auto, built-in navigation, and SiriusXM satellite radio. The TRX also has standard safety features including available lane-departure warning and lane-keeping assist, blind-spot monitoring, and available adaptive cruise control.
The base Ram 1500 TRX lacks some basic features
The 2021 Ram 1500 TRX has a starting price slightly above $71,000 – which is a lot of money for a truck. However, this price offers great value with the TRX's Hellcat engine and its plethora of features. Surprisingly, the $71,000 for the base model doesn't include key features like a heated steering wheel and heated front seats which cost extra.
To get these features, drivers have to dish out more than $4,000 for the Level 1 Package. The Level 1 Package includes many upgrades including leather-trimmed seats, cargo-box lighting, a flat-bottom steering wheel, a storage compartment under the rear seat, etc. For all the money you're paying for it, you'd expect it to have these at least.
Tags:Ram Ram 1500


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Moon Knight: New Comic – Same Great Character
This week I would like to highlight one of my all time favourite comic book characters, Moon Knight. With Oscar Isaac in full training mode for the new show, set to air next year; and the new comic having just released a few weeks ago, it's time to give the Avatar of Khonshu some love. Most people take a look at Moon Knight and immediately think he is the Marvel comic version of Batman. Which, to be fair there are a LOT of similarities, but there are also a LOT of differences too. The first issue of his newest run was released on July 21, 2021 and is written by Jed Mackay, and penciled by Alessandro Cappuccio.
I'll give a brief overview of the character as we know him up until his most current run before providing my review of the first issue.
*THIS POST WILL CONTAIN MASSIVE SPOILERS FOR ISSUE #1 OF THE NEW MOON KNIGHT COMIC*
Moon Knight's real name is Marc Spector. He was the son of a rabbi who detested fighting and so naturally, Marc gravitated towards war games and combat. He left home when he was only 16 and lied about his age to enlist in the Marines. During his time in the Marines he took up boxing and became one of the top fighters the corps ever produced. Following his father's fatal heart attack, Marc left the Marines and was recruited by the CIA for some black ops style missions. He worked for a fair few years as an independent contractor amassing himself a small fortune. He eventually quit the CIA and became a freelance mercenary where he met his closest friend and his on again/off again romantic partner, Marlene Alraune. The exact details of his origin vary slightly with each new telling of his origin, but the main points are always the same. Marc was hired by a vicious Mercenary named Raoul Bushman who was doing work in north Africa/Egypt. When Bushman received note of an archeological dig in the desert with "untold treasures", he took his entire mercenary company with him to raid the temple. They killed the lead archeologist, Marlene's father, before imprisoning the rest of the crew present and raiding the temple of the valuables. Marc seeing how Bushman and the others were treating the innocent had a crisis of faith and decided to stand against the others. He died. At the base of a statue to the Egyptian Moon God Khonshu, in a buried temple to the same God, Marc Spector died of his wounds. Khonshu saw what this man had done to protect those in his temple and offered Marc a choice, he can continue to the afterlife, or Khonshu will heal his wounds and restore him to life; in payment, Marc will become Khonshu's avatar on earth. Marc took the deal and he was resurrected from death by the magic of an ancient Egyptian deity. When he came back to life, the first thing Marc did was grab the cloak that was draped over the statue and wrapped himself in it declaring himself the Moon's Knight.
Marc's death in Egypt at the base of the statue to Khonshu
From here it gets a little more out there.. Marc returned to New York where he used his money amassed from his work with the CIA and his PMC (Private Military Contractor) life to generate a small fortune. He began his work as Moon Knight protecting those under the view of the moon at the request of his God. Marc developed two separate identities that he used to generate intel for him as Moon Knight: Stephen Grant (millionaire and high society socialite) and Jake Lockley (New York cabbie with an ear to the ground). As Marc continued his work these identities took on personalities of their own inside of Marc's mind. With the influence of Khonshu and the constant toll of keeping himself in check, Marc's mind snapped. He developed D.I.D (Dissociative Identity Disorder) or in layman's terms, multiple personality disorder. Khonshu wanting Marc to be more vicious and demonstrate his faith to him in blood, started appearing more and more frequently to Marc. His mind continued to slip farther and farther away to the point where his D.I.D is so advanced, his mind will switch to the personality best suited for the situation at hand. His identities are as much of Marc as is his mission to protect those "travelling by night". Khonshu is the Egyptian God of the Moon (& Vengeance) and he is known as the traveler. His avatar (or Fist as he is often called) must protect those that travel in his kingdom (night). Moon Knight dons a completely white suit as an homage to the moon and his God and ventures out at night to protect those that need his help.
He is very much a supernatural hero in that his first appearance had him hunting down a werewolf for the Committee before double crossing the Committee to bring them down. He has taken on all sorts of enemies from cyborgs, to Vampires, to homophobic thugs, and even the Avengers.
At the start of the comic Marc has returned to his old Persona of Mr. Knight and is the head of a mission he set up in New York to help those that travel by night. He holds church in his modest office and listens to the requests of those in his territory to offer his help where he can.
The comic opens up with Mr. Knight sitting in a chair in front of a statue of Khonshu saying "Welcome to the Midnight Mission, my name is Mr. Knight. How can I help you?" He is calm and collected as the individual, a young man with red hair, opens up about how people have been going missing on his block. He then reiterates that when things are weird, Mr. Knight is the one to speak with, according to the other in his neighbourhood. The next panel shows a van speeding down a street at night with two vampires in the front seat. A gang of vampires have been forcibly turning the locals and forcing them to turn others in order to be indicted into their vampire cult, The Structure. In true Moon Knight fashion of theatrics over safety, Moon Knight glides himself through the windshield of the speeding van. The van proceeds to crash and turn on its side as the occupants, sans Moon Knight, pile out onto the street. The two vampires who were in the front are thrown to the ground while the one who was in the passenger seat is shouting for the driver to run. Taunting from an unseen perch, Moon Knight lets these vampires know that he(Moon Knight) protects those that travel at night, and that he has marked his territory. We see the charred and smoking skull of the driver get thrown to the ground and Moon Knight descends on the other ring leader with a wooden stake in his hand. He rounds on those in the back ready to put them down like the other two when his hand is stilled by them telling him they were turned against their will. Moon Knight then drops the stake and disappears.
Moon Knight crashing through the Vampire's windshield
We are then shown Mr. Knight sitting in a therapy session in his Midnight mission with Dr. Sterman. She is asking him about the encounter with the vampires and why he spared them. Despite the fact they were vampires, they were innocent people traveling at night, and they required his protection. As the doctor inquires about how someone who is Jewish can pledge allegiance to an ancient Egyptian deity, Marc interrupts her. He acknowledges the differences between his father's faith as well as the path his father walked which were a stark contrast to his own. He identifies himself as a war criminal and "a bad man who did bad things to people in foreign countries for money". Marc has no disillusions about the kind of life he led and what he did; but, he also admits that when Bushman and the others attacked that dig site, he grew a conscience. He states that his soul had "become a barren land that needed to be watered with blood, his blood".
We then find out that this therapist was sanctioned and requested by the Avengers following what Marc and Khonshu had done during the Age of Khonshu storyline in Avengers. We find out that after this first death at the feet of the statue in Egypt, Marc has died twice more that he remembers; once at the bottom of the East River and once when the Shadowkeep (his HQ) was blown up around him. Following this exposition the doctor asks a question to Marc that he doesn't have an answer for, "Marc, Can you die?" to which he responds "I don't know."
Another local arrives at the midnight mission requesting the help of the Moon's Knight. She says that creatures come out at night and scratch at her door whispering horrible things. Mr. Knight assures her that he will take care of it and take care of it he does. The creatures are anthropomorphic rats that have been turned loose on the city. Marc is beating them all with his fists when he stops and faces them in front of a window. We are shown some great artwork by the creative team behind this book, with Marc in his suit framed by moonlight. He states that he will kill these creatures here and now because he isn't Spider-Man, he's Moon Knight, and he doesn't die. He offers the creatures a choice, they can stand and fight and he promises he will kill them, or they can run back to wherever they came from and never step foot in his territory again. As he is delivering this ultimatum, we see Mac donning a set of brass knuckles painted white, with spikes on the knuckles and a moon carved into them.
Mr. Knight at the Midnight Mission
Moon Knight is answering a call to a clinic where a supervillain is attacking. As he arrives he sees the "supervillain", 8-Ball, is getting beat by the owner of the clinic Dr. Badr. The doctor is rather acquainted with Marc and his title and let's him know that as the Fist of Khonshu, Marc has a duty to his God. Badr scolds Marc for allowing vampires and other filth to desecrate the ground Marc's God has consecrated by Marc setting up his mission.
*side bar, 8-Ball pleads with Moon Knight not to cut his face off like Marc did to Bushman all those years ago*
Marc immediately goes on the offensive saying that he doesn't recognize Dr. Badr from the church socials but that he should remember who he is talking to. Marc states that "I am the Fist of Khonshu. High Priest of the Moon God. I outrank you". Dr. Badr calmly responds with "I can assure you Mr. Spector, there is but one who outranks me in the cult of Khonshu. and you are not him."
The comic then gives us more exposition of Dr. Sterman explaining that Marc ha come into direct contact with the brain of a God and there's no telling what that has changed or will change in his head. Marc agrees, stating one of his old psychologists said something very similar. Dr. Sterman delivers exposition about a man named Caedmon largely considered the first English poet. He was a simple minded man who was better suited for looking after animals as opposed to anything more "cerebral" as the doctor puts it. One night after he claimed he had been visited by an angel in his dreams, Caedmon could write beautiful verses and poems with no explanation. This whole story is told as we are shown splash pagesof Moon Knight protecting his people, wielding chainsaws in fights with undead, sweeping in front of his mission, beating creatures with a crowbar, throwing villains off roofs, and even arm wrestling someone who looks suspiciously like Frankenstein.
A suspicious villain has been following and surveilling Marc in all aspects of his life and this mysterious figures vows vengeance upon Marc. He says that it will be something personal and bespoke, which he watches Marc and his assistant at the mission, Reese, sit outside and drink coffee.
Dr. Badr, enters into his own home as he prays to Khonshu himself saying that Moon Knight has strayed from the path. He begins pulling a mask on as he says "You're right hand has failed you almighty Khonshu but your left will not. Your other fist remains faithful. The Hunter's Moon". In the final panel we are shown Dr. Badr in his regular clothes with a black mask with a silver moon on the forehead. He is standing in front of an open window with racks of bladed weapons hanging on his wall beside him.
OH MY GOD! I haven't been this excited for a Moon Knight comic since Bendis and Maleev's run from 2011. I know that one is not very well liked among most fans, but I am a HUGE fan of Ultron so I was really into that series. I will say this though, the art in the new run is fantastic! I like the suit and the highlights they use to make it look like the armour and his eyes are almost glowing.. oh ya, that's the good stuff…
I'm very excited to see where it will go, I'm hoping that at the very least Blade might appear at some point to help with the vampires, if more show up. Either have blade show up or Ghost Rider. But classic Ghost Rider, Johnny Blaze, not the Marvel Now version. In case that wasn't clear, I'm not a fan of the Marvel Now version.
The villain that is apparently watching Marc across the street from his mission almost has a mad thinker vibe to him. Like he seems as though he could be someone to weave an intricate web of attacks and challenges that pick Marc and his life apart piece by piece. I would very much like to see a story like that where, yes he has to fight enemies, but Marc also has to use his brain and his wit to solve the puzzle. That being said, Hunter's Moon looks like he and Moon Knight are going to have a reckoning over who is the true servant of Khonshu, and I have to say, I'm all for it. One of my top Moon Knight comics was his Shadowland tie in, where his younger brother Randall Spector became Shadow Knight.
Randall Spector aka Shadow Knight
This comic is definitely one to get into for a great introduction to the character ahead of the Disney+ series that's set to air sometime next year. I know I am very patiently waiting for the show to see what type of hero Oscar Isaac is going to be. If the previous Disney+ series are any indicator though, the new show should be a slam dunk. I know there will obviously be hardcore Moon Knight fans who might not be pleased with what direction the show is going to take; but at the end of the day, you can't please everyone all the time.
Comics, Heroes, Opinion, Review, Series
Age of Khonshu, Alessandra Cappuccio, Avatar of Khonshu, Caedmon, Death, Fist of Khonshu, Hero, History, Hunter's Moon, Jake Lockley, Jed Mackay, Khonshu, Marc Spector, Marvel, Marvel Comics, Midnight Mission, Moon Knight, New Comicbook, Opinion, Randall Spector, Resurrection, Shadow Knight, Stephen Grant, Therapy, Vampires
Masters of the Universe: Revelation – An Excellent Revamp to a Classic Series
The Cowboy's Beginnings


I found the bug in robust timed mutex still existed in the latest glibc source, when porting some local patches to the newest glibc release.
Provided there were 3 threads A,B and C, all of which were trying to manipulate the same robust mutex. See the following illustration.
First, A locked m. Then B and C try to lock m, and both get traped(wait in kernel).
A unlock m, wake up B and clear the FUTEX_WAITER flag.
After B wake up(and have not do anything yet), A preempt B and lock m again. At this time, A will not add FUTEX_WAITER flag to m as it does not know whether there are other waiters.
B continue to run, it call gettimeofday and find the time is out. So, it just return ETIMEOUT without trying to set  FUTEX_WAITER flag.
A unlock m , and do not do the wake syscall as there is no FUTEX_WAITER.
C get stuck in kernel forever.
The core logic of this problem is that pthread_mutex_timedlock should set the FUTEX_WAITER flag before check timeout. So, the fix to the bug is very simple. We just need to move the code block which set the FUTEX_WAITER flag forward. I have created a patch to fix(see attachment) , is it ok for trunk?
> forward. I have created a patch to fix(see attachment) , is it ok for trunk?
When you say "latest glibc sources" do you mean that you tested on master? How recently?
> When you say "latest glibc sources" do you mean that you tested on master?
> > When you say "latest glibc sources" do you mean that you tested on master?
Thank you for the verification. I've been collecting a number of robust mutex fixes, and I think in the next development cycle we'll try to address the last remaining issues, including this one.
I believe this is fixed in master(/trunk).  Please have a look at what we do with assume_other_futex_waiters: If we ever potentially share FUTEX_WAITERS with another thread (C in your example), then after the futex operation we make sure to set this flag in any case.  This happens either when acquiring the mutex (in which case we'll notice this during unlock and wake up C), or when not being able to acquire it, in which case there must be another owner that interfered and we delegate wake-up responsibilities to that other owner by setting FUTEX_WAITERS.
> > > When you say "latest glibc sources" do you mean that you tested on master?
> > > How recently?
Yes, assume_other_futex_waiters can have FUTEX_WAITERS(after B get waked up), But the there are still no FUTEX_WAITERS in mutex->__data.__lock. The core logic is that pthread_mutex_timedlock could return ETIMEDOUT just before adding  FUTEX_WAITERS to mutex->__data.__lock. See attached code chunk.
return ETIMEDOUT;  //->>> We have returned here, with FUTEX_WAITERS in mutex->__data.__lock.
return ETIMEDOUT;  //->>> We have returned here, W_I_T_H_O_U_T FUTEX_WAITERS in mutex->__data.__lock.


Type 1, They would always try to "steal" customers from me by trying to undercut my prices. They would never pass bookings to me, even if they were fully booked.
However with competitor type 2, it was the opposite, they always passed bookings to me when they were fully booked. (and vice versa). They also passed adult & corporate work to me (especially if outside their area), and invited me out for the occasional beer to discuss the hire business.
With competitor type 2, the net effect was that we both made considerably more money, as we were able to get effectively double the exposure for our businesses".
I read a recent business article about this and a new word has been invented to describe it: "CO-OPERTITION" This word is based on the notion that businesses can massively benefit from a prudent mix of competition and co-operation.
Looking beyond just inflatable hire companies, you may also consider childrens entertainers, clowns, face painters, magicians, DJ's, activity centers, and other party professionals as your competition. However, you would be overlooking the fact that many of these "competitors" could be sources for business leads?
Working with your competitors is always more profitable than working against them. In addition, event organizers, entertainment agencies and party planners are always on the lookout for a wide variety of reliable entertainers and providers of play activities – and the more people you know, the greater the likelihood you have of being referred for these events.
Contact the other party companies in your area. (not just the other inflatable hire companies!) Your aim is to find people you can trust to follow good and ethical business practices, you don't want your name connected with a party company that is unreliable or who provides a poor quality service. Keep a look out for other party companies at every event you attend and speak to those that you like. Don't forget that you have a lot to offer them as well as the other way round!
They hope to meet once every other month to talk about ways to create new business.
By pooling their resources, they will be able to pay for radio and TV commercials as well as a billboard advertising on the main road through their town. Not every company is able to contribute equally so each company gets advertising space in relation to the percentage of the total that they can afford to spend.
They are also constructing a "group website" that will showcase the different party businesses with links back to the primary website for each business. In addition, they will buy a mailing list each month for children with birthdays in the upcoming month and mail out postcards as a group.
Business cards for each party category have also been made up, and will be given away at each event.
The opportunities to get referrals from every single party is very good as effectively everyone in the group is spreading the name of the other party professionals around!
This is a very good idea and I hope it works well for them. There is no reason why this idea could not be copied in the UK, although it would take initiative, organisation and good planning.
How can inflatable operators co-operate (or more accurately co-opertition) with their competitors in order to break into new market / product areas (e.g. corporate work/paid charity work/big events etc.) and grow their businesses??
Just an idea that I thought worth sharing.


text:
Cyathea hornei är en ormbunkeart som först beskrevs av Bak., och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Edwin Bingham Copeland. Cyathea hornei ingår i släktet Cyathea och familjen Cyatheaceae. Inga underarter finns listade.

Källor

Kärlväxter
hornei

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


What is the Team-Lead-in-Training Position (TLTP)?
A judge on their way to L3, and who has proven competency managing teams of judges in Competitive and Professional events, may be chosen to lead teams on Day 2 of a Grand Prix and it is recommended that Level 3 candidates lead a team more than once before they test. Due to the larger scale and increased difficulty of a Grand Prix Day 1, team leading on Day 1 of a Grand Prix is still reserved for Level 3 judges. At the Grand Prix Organiser's discretion, judges with the TLTP who lead a Day 2 team may receive extra compensation.
In order to acquire this certification, the candidate must prove their ability to successfully lead a team in a Competitive or Professional event. While accomplishing the tasks assigned to the team is necessary to be a good Team Leader, this alone is not sufficient to obtain the Team-Lead-in-Training Position. A successful Team Leader performs the role of middle-management; this means that they have to be coordinating, communicating and cooperating with people lower in the chain of command (the team members), people at parallel places in the chain (other Team Leaders) and people higher up in the chain (Head Judges and Appeals Judges). A successful Team Leader turns a group of people into a real team that efficiently and smoothly works together. The Team Leader makes sure that the team members enjoy their assignments and provides them with constructive feedback throughout the day. These criteria will be evaluated by a Head Judge or Appeals Judge of the Grand Prix and the Shadow Level 3 in the candidate's team.
Obtaining the TLTP is one of the later steps of the Level 3 checklist, and it is encouraged that most Team Leaders on Day 2 of a Grand Prix are Level 2 judges. Even when a Level 2 judge has the TLTP, it is still required for a Level 3 judge to be in the team to further mentor the candidate. Since this role is designed for Level 2 judges, if a judge is promoted to Level 3, the certification no longer applies, as all Level 3 judges are expected to be qualified to lead a team.
Must be a Level 2 judge, in good standing, for at least 6 months.
Must have scored at least 80% on a Level 3 Preliminary Exam in the past 6 months.
Must have already been on each of the following teams at least once: Paper/Pairings/Slips, Stage/EOR, Deck Checks/Deck Lists (any event with a dedicated team of 3 or more members is valid, but Grand Prix experience is recommended).
Must have acted as Head Judge or Team Leader for at least 3 Competitive REL events, managing at least 2 other certified judges.
Must have acted as Head Judge for at least 10 other events (any REL).
Must demonstrate communication skills sufficient to act as a Team Leader at large, international events, such as Grand Prix.
Must understand English well enough to be up-to-date on official documents.
Has written an L3 Self-Review that has been approved by the Verification Committee.
A Level 3 judge must verify the above requirements with the candidate and contact the Head Judge of the event to recommend that the candidate is tested at a particular event. This recommendation has no specific template, nor should it be lengthy; it just needs to state that the requirements above have been fulfilled, and that the recommending Level 3 believes the candidate is ready to lead a team. This is not a trivial waiver, leading a team is a serious commitment, and that responsibility should only be given to those ready for the task. The recommending L3 must fill out the form that can be found here.
If the candidate has failed to obtain the TLTP at a previous event and tests again (after the cooldown period of 3 months), the Evaluating Burgundy is encouraged to read the review written for the previous test. The candidate must share the review on JudgeApps with the Head Judge of the Grand Prix, and may choose to share the review with the Shadow Level 3 Judge. No further explanation or action is required from the candidate, but the candidate may explain in advance how they improved on the Deficient or Underdeveloped areas.
To pass the interview, the candidate may not have a deficiency in the selected aspects of the Penalty and Policy Philosophy Quality, and they may not have a suspected major deficiency in any of the other mentioned Qualities. The interview lead decides whether to grant the candidate access to the next phase of the process or not and writes this outcome down in a special type of review. While the interview lead is encouraged to write a full review of the candidate, reflecting the topics discussed during the interview, this is not required. A single statement about whether or not the candidate passes the interview and which scenarios were used is sufficient.
After failing either the interview or the TLTP, there is a 3 month cool down period before the candidate can apply again.
An Evaluating Burgundy Judge: Can be any judge from the Grand Prix Head Judge group wearing burgundy on the day 2 of a Grand Prix; the current list of those judges can be found on JudgeApps. Each Burgundy Judge can only evaluate 1 candidate at a time as full dedication is expected for this process. In an event with multiple Head Judges, each of them can evaluate a different candidate. Each candidate must be assigned to a specific Burgundy Judge before the start of the day.
A Shadow Level 3 Judge: Any Level 3 judge can perform this role. This Level 3 judge must be on the team the candidate is leading. The Shadow Level 3 Judge is not expected to mentor the candidate during the evaluation, but is encouraged to provide feedback and mentoring afterwards. They should not take over leading the team, nor should they show too much initiative, steer the team's actions or give too much unsolicited feedback during the day, as to give the TLC candidate a chance to show leadership and vision on their own merits. The Shadow Level 3 Judge should not set up any specific situations, but is encouraged to involve the candidate in challenging or unusual situations that happen to occur during the event. However, they are encouraged to be candid and honest with the candidate if they ask for feedback during the process. The Shadow Level 3 Judge must intervene and take the necessary actions to prevent serious damage to the tournament; if this happens, it probably means the candidate has failed the test. For example, if the Team Leader's plan would result in pairings being posted sub-optimally, the Shadow Level 3 Judge should let this happen and observe how the Team Leader adjusts. If the Team Leader's plan would result in no one being assigned to post pairings while the team is on break, the Shadow Level 3 Judge should intervene.
Having an experienced judge on a team who is not behaving as such may feel artificial and disadvantageous, but this is unavoidable in a real-life testing situation. This setup is intended to be beneficial for the candidate, and the candidate is encouraged to contact the Shadow Level 3 Judge in advance, and preferably have a face-to-face meeting on Saturday of the Grand Prix. It may help to regard the Shadow Level 3 Judge as an inexperienced, passive Level 2, who will not hinder the team but won't actively contribute either, unless asked to by the candidate.
The team led by the candidate must have a specific task the candidate has to manage properly and it should be visible by the Head Judge. Paper, End of Round and Stage are recommended teams. Deck Checks is not recommended due to the low interaction with the Head Judge. "Float" teams such as Floor and Features are not recommended because they don't have sufficient specific tasks. Logistics is not recommended due to its complexity in Limited Events and its lack of tasks in Constructed. The Head Judge is the ultimate authority to determine which team is valid.
At the end of the Swiss portion of the event, the Shadow Level 3 Judge must fill in the appropriate section of The Team-Lead-in-Training Position feedback form and then the Evaluating Burgundy Judge fills in the other section. A ready to print version of this document is also available online.
Using this form as a guide, the Evaluating Burgundy Judge has to decide if the candidate receives the Team Leader Certification. The Evaluating Burgundy Judge is encouraged to seek advice and additional information as needed.
The Evaluating Burgundy Judge must provide feedback to the candidate regardless of whether they obtain the certification. The Shadow Level 3 Judge is encouraged to join the feedback debriefing.
The contents of the Feedback Form should be uploaded in a special TLTP review on JudgeApps; if the candidate passes the test, the Evaluating Burgundy Judge grants the TLTP to the candidate.
A judge with the TLTP can lead teams on Day 2 of a Grand Prix. Judges with the TLTP are expected to actively continue working towards completing their L3 checklist, and to have submitted their application to the Verification Committee preferably within 6 months of obtaining the TLTP. If needed, this period can be prolonged by another 6 months. If after 12 months the judge is still to submit their application for L3, the TLTP expires, and the judge can re-apply for it.
Once a judge has passed the L3 panel, the TLTP will immediately drop: L3 judges are no longer Grand Prix Team Leads in training, as they are now Grand Prix Team Leads. A candidate who fails the panel is granted a 12 month period of the TLTP, starting from the day of the panel, so they can continue leading teams, learning, and honing their skills. If after these 12 months the judge hasn't paneled for L3 again, the TLTP will expire, and the judge can re-apply for it. A judge who has previously held the TLTP but has dropped it, may re-apply to directly test for L3 without needing to test for the TLTP again at the L3 Testing Manager's discretion.
Until January 1st 2020, judges with the current TLC can apply to panel for L3 without needing the TLTP or any additional requirements regarding Team Leading. In 2019, judges can no longer test for the TLC, and there won't be any TLC maintenance requirements in 2019. On January 1st 2020, the TLC ceases to exist.
Judges who currently hold the TLC, and who passed an online L3 Practice Exam in the last 6 months, can apply for a TLTP Interview by submitting an L3 Self-Review that has been approved by the Verification Committee; if they pass that interview, they will automatically receive the TLTP without any further requirements.
The Evaluating Burgundy Judge is the ultimate authority to evaluate each quality, and they are the ultimate authority to decide whether the TLTP is granted. The following lines are intended to provide guidance and consistency on the evaluation, but reality is much wider than anything this guide can contain and a certain amount of subjectivity can't be avoided. A candidate is expected to perform at least adequately in all of the following qualities to pass the Team Leader Certification Test. A candidate deficient at any of the skills has failed the Team Leader Certification Test, as has a candidate who scored underdeveloped at either Task Preparation or Success with the Team Tasks. If the candidate has a score of underdeveloped in up to two out of the other mentioned skills (as evaluated by the Evaluating Burgundy and/or the Shadow Level 3), they may still pass if compensated by at least 2 scores of very good or exceptional.
Deficient: The candidate is completely lacking in understanding and execution of the evaluated area. The candidate did, or potentially could, damage the event.
Underdeveloped: The candidate is lacking, but not to the point of causing damage to the event. The candidate is below the expected threshold for a starting Team Leader.
Adequate: The candidate completes the tasks successfully, but with room for improvement. This is the lowest passing score.
Very Good: The candidate performs at the level of a starting Team Leader by showing control and understanding of the skill. The candidate can be trusted to lead without supervision.
Exceptional: The candidate surpasses the expectations and performs at the level of an experienced Team Leader. The candidate innovates and is an example for even experienced Team Leaders.
When the candidate shows different levels of performance for a given skill throughout the day, the evaluators are encouraged to use their discretion. A minor failure does not mean the candidate has failed if the overall level was adequate or very good, a single small improvement does not make one's achievements exceptional. When in doubt, this usually is a sign of some underdeveloped elements and this should be reflected in the evaluation.
The ability to anticipate and prepare the required elements of the team's task. This includes, but is not limited to; pairing board placement asking the necessary information from the Head Judge, Tournament Organizer, coverage, etc; or informing the judges of any procedure the team is responsible for, etc. A good Team Leader has prepared a plan and is flexible enough to deal with unexpected challenges.
Note: When sending an email to the Evaluating Burgundy Judge or the Shadow Level 3 Judge, the candidate should always copy (cc) the other person into the email as well, so both evaluators are aware of all communication that happened. The Head Judge of the GP should send an email to the candidate and the Shadow Level 3 Judge prior to the event to ensure they have each other's contact information. If the Head Judge already knows who will be the Evaluating Burgundy Judge, they are encouraged to share that information. Emails sent to the Head Judge are assumed to be forwarded to and read by the Evaluating Burgundy Judge if this is not the Head Judge.
Deficient: The candidate starts working the event without prior preparation of the tasks and needs directions to get started, has no grasp of what the tasks encompass, ignores or forgets significant aspects of the assigned tasks.
Underdeveloped: The candidate fails to share their plans prior to the event, or the candidate's plans are unrealistic or too vague and need serious adaptations during the day, or the candidate fails to execute the plans they prepared.
Adequate: The candidate prepares a plan, shares this with the HJ or Shadow Level 3 Judge before the day of the test, and executes the plan properly.
Very Good: The candidate prepares a plan, shares this with the HJ or Shadow Level 3 Judge before the day of the test, and executes the plan properly. During the day, the candidate is flexible enough to adjust the plan as needed, because of unforeseen events or options for improvement that become apparent. The candidate is able to reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of the plan and the execution thereof.
Exceptional: The candidate performs as is expected of an experienced Day 2 Team Leader, incorporating plans for multiple possible scenarios, contributing to the success of other teams.
Success with team task is the ability to successfully manage the tasks assigned to the team and the ability to adjust to unexpected events during the day. Some tasks may be quantified, such as all result slips being on the tables before the round clock hits 40 minutes; others may be more qualitative, such as finding good spots for pairing boards.
Deficient: The Shadow Level 3 Judge needs to intervene to prevent serious damage to the tournament.
Underdeveloped: The candidate's team performs their tasks poorly, or misses some important steps on the team's task.
Adequate: The candidate's team performs their tasks in an acceptable way, with only a few minor errors.
Very Good: The candidate performs the team task in a way that the Evaluating Burgundy Judge will trust the candidate (without any more training or experience) to lead a team without supervision.
Exceptional: The candidate performs the team task as is expected of an experienced Day 2 Team Leader, and inspires others to use their methods in the future.
The ability to delegate parts of assignments to appropriate team members, entrusting them with power to make decisions, while staying in control and checking how the team members are performing.
Deficient: The candidate leaves the team unattended to do a task that could have been delegated to other team members, or assigns a task to someone unable to complete it.
Underdeveloped: The candidate exhausts themself by doing a lot of minor things that could have been delegated to any of the team members, the candidate delegates a task but gives insufficient instructions, or the candidate doesn't monitor how the delegated tasks are being executed.
Adequate: The candidate delegates some tasks but micromanages or doesn't notice that some elements are being performed suboptimally.
Very Good: The candidate strikes the right balance of instructing, delegating, and monitoring their team members, leading to constructive cooperation and a sense of fulfillment for the team members, while the tournament integrity is maintained.
Exceptional: The candidate strikes a perfect balance of instructing, delegating, and monitoring their team members, leading to constructive cooperation and a sense of fulfillment for the team members, while the tournament integrity and efficiency are maintained.
The ability to see the global picture of the event, detect deficiencies and suggest improvements. A good Team Leader sees more than just their own team, they see how the other teams and judges are doing and where they may need help or advice.
Deficient: The candidate provides incorrect feedback about the tournament to the Head Judge or other team leaders.
Underdeveloped: The candidate provides no relevant feedback about the tournament to the Head Judge.
Adequate: The candidate informs the Head Judge about the status of their assignments, such as when all result slips have been distributed or how many deck checks have been performed, and is able to reflect on how good this performance is given the specific circumstances of this event.
Very Good: The candidate informs the Head Judge about the current status of their assignments, the prospects for future rounds, and brings up some useful information or accurate event observation, even if, for whatever reasons, the candidate's suggestion can't be implemented.
Exceptional: The candidate offers actual improvements for the tournament that can be directly and practically implemented, for example, relocating pairing boards or adjusting how players find their way to the feature match area when the event hall changes.
The ability to turn a group of people into a team where people enjoy working together, judges help each other, and all members feel safe and welcome. The Team Leader is available and approachable for the team members and enables interaction between the team members.
Deficient: The candidate focuses exclusively on the team tasks without caring about the team's well being, or hardly speaks to their team during the day.
Underdeveloped: The candidate's social interaction consists mostly of very basic and standard interactions such as "introduce yourselves", or starts up a team building activity but then lets it slip completely.
Adequate: The candidate enables the team members to interact with each other. The team members enjoy the day, focusing on the positive aspects of what happened and the candidate is able to cope with minor issues.
Exceptional: The candidate is a positive influence on the members of their team, as well as on other judges around them. The team members worked together with joy, everyone in the team learned something during the day, and all issues (if any) were addressed swiftly and properly.
The Team Leader spends time with the team members observing and discussing, providing feedback to both new and experienced judges. They are able to deliver feedback in a positive, appropriate and constructive way, verbally throughout and at the end of the day, as well as in written form after the event. Please note that the candidate is not expected to mentor or provide feedback to the Shadow Level 3 Judge.
Deficient: The candidate hardly even speaks to their team during the day and has no meaningful observations for the majority of the team members.
Underdeveloped: The candidate is only able to provide some very basic and generic advice to their team members.
Adequate: The candidate is able to provide some specific feedback to at least 1 team member and is able to support the feedback with a specific example. If there are obvious areas for improvement for a judge, the candidate is able to point them out and give constructive advice to that judge.
Very Good: The candidate is able to provide meaningful feedback to multiple team members and is able to support the feedback with specific examples, this happens both during the day and at the end of the day. The candidate will write a review for at least 1 team member.
Exceptional: Everyone on the team learned something during the day, and/or all members received useful feedback from the candidate. This led to a visible improvement over the course of the day and resulted in at least 1 impactful review.
The ability and willingness to efficiently ask for the information needed from the right person, and to deliver information to the right person. The ability to clearly suggest, describe and motivate actions, and to listen to the suggestions brought up by others. This communication needs to happen both within the team (as evaluated by the Shadow Level 3 Judge) and between teams (as evaluated by the Evaluating Burgundy Judge), as well as with the Head Judge directly.
This skill is independently evaluated by both the Shadow and the Burgundy; if either or both of them marks this skill as underdeveloped, the skill as a whole is counted as a single underdeveloped item. If one of them marks the skill as deficient, but the other as not deficient, the evaluators use their discretion to reach an agreement, where the Burgundy has the final say.
Deficient: The candidate fails to provide essential information to the Head Judge or to their team, generally limits the communication to direct instructions without any explanations, or ignores requests or suggestions provided without any explanation. The candidate doesn't communicate with other team leads, or only reaches out to them with orders.
Underdeveloped: The candidate gives unclear or insufficient information to their team or to other team leads, fails to communicate frequently with the Head Judge, is hardly available for the team members, or acts on their own in a situation that should have required the Head Judge's intervention.
Adequate: The candidate informs the Head Judge frequently about the status of their assigned tasks, about how the team as a whole is doing, and what the needs and feedback of the team are. The candidate provides the team members with information from the Head Judge about how the event is flowing, about changes in plans and about changes to their routine, such as breaks or the plan to post standings. The candidate reaches out to other team leads when they need help, or offers help when other teams are visibly needing it.
Very Good: The candidate is able to pass and receive all necessary information to and from team members, colleagues (team leads) and the Head Judge in an efficient and pleasant way.
Exceptional: The candidate provides information unprompted and enables communication between other parties.


text:
dockers
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Collection of Dockerfiles used by WegenenVerkeer for development environments

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


If a customer contacts you saying they cannot log into their account, there are a few things you can do.
First, log into the admin and confirm they have an account under the email address they are trying to use. If so, suggest they use the 'Forgot your Password' link on the login page. Doing so will send them a new password via email immediately. IMPORTANT: if it does not arrive in their inbox, have them check their spam or bulk folder.
If they still can not log in, ask them to email you the password they received and try logging in with their email and the new password. If it does not work, contact us for further assistance.


Typical issues covered include how to travel to the university, where to buy groceries, and how to proceed with paperwork. The program is fairly new, i. How did mentorship programme come into being?
As a part of the program, I was greeted at the airport by a couple of friendly Indian faces, who were to by my mentors. It is a completely voluntary program organized by Indian students in Zurich. Six months later, going from dating to boyfriend girlfriend he is giventhe opportunity to return the favour.
Romanian Iulian Ghergut was abducted in by the Al-Mourabitoun group, linked to Al-Qaeda, and he remains in captivity. This year, I decided to return the favour and become a mentor myself.
Mentees get valuable information about Switzerland and mentors get a chance to make new friends. After settling in my apartment, I realised that I had bought the wrong travel adapter, and fortunately could borrow one from my mentor who had a spare. My mentor stayed at the same address too and what followed was a tram journey through the beautiful city of Zurich along with interesting insights into Swiss culture from my mentor. Besides the airport pickup and help with luggage, a mentor spends around three hours providing a crash course on getting settled. Jocelyn was released but her husband, who had been working in the country for decades, is still being held.


The 186601st positive integer is an odd prime number that follows the number 186600 and comes before 186602. One hundred eighty-six thousand six hundred one is 6 digits long.
Q: Is 186601 a prime number?
Q: What is the negative number for 186601?
Q: What is half of 186601?
Q: What is a third of 186601?
Q: What is a quarter of 186601?
Q: What is the square root of 186601?
Q: What is 186601 times Pi?
Q: What is 186601 divided by Pi?
Q: What is the scientific notation for 186601?
Q: What are the divisors for 186601?
Q: What is the factorization of 186601?
Q: What is the sum of divisors of 186601, including itself?
Q: What is the sum of divisors of 186601, excluding itself?
The spelling of 186601 in different languages.
Q: What is the roman numeral for 186601?
Q: What is the digital capacity for 186601?
The number 186601 represented in different base number systems.
List the frequency of characters that make up the number 186601.
List of hash code values for 186601.


Summer is here and even though we would all love to take two weeks off to travel abroad, it may not be so practical. The Greenville area offers a wide variety of activities that the whole family will enjoy.
Wanting to go for a walk, run, or bike ride? Check out the Swamp Rabbit Trail. The trail offers over 20 miles of paved surface that can take you between Greenville and Travelers Rest.
One of the Upstate's best-hidden gems is Lake Jocassee. Located off Highway 11, Devils Fork State Park offers public access to the lake.
Less than ten minutes from downtown, Paris Mountain State Park offers a quick and peaceful escape from the city. The park provides visitors with 15 miles of hiking and biking trails. There are also several lakes in the state park that offer great fishing. The state park includes 39 camp sites for those wanting to escape for the whole weekend as well.
Greenville is home to several local breweries. These are great places to hang out with friends and they often host events during summer months. For those looking for a little competition, some also offer trivia nights!
Catch a Greenville Drive baseball game at Flour Field. Located in the West End of Downtown. Flour Field mimics the great Fenway Park, equipped with a miniature "Green Monster." Bring the whole family for a fun-filled night of baseball.
Morris holds a degree in Marketing from North Greenville University. He most recently managed social media and communications, including copywriting and event facilitation, for Sunrift Adventures in Travelers Rest. Prior to that, Morris worked for Cision Enterprise.


text:
What is the lineage of the British royal family?
House of Windsor
How far back can the royal family trace their roots?
How are Elizabeth and Philip related?
How do you tell if you are descended from royalty?
Are William and Kate related?
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
William I King of Prussia, German Emperor 1797–1888 Albert Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha 1819–1861
Frederick III German Emperor 1831–1888 Louis IV Grand Duke of Hesse 1837–1892
Wilhelm II German Emperor 1859–1941 Ernest Louis Grand Duke of Hesse 1868–1937
The current reigning monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, can trace her ancestral history all the way back to the 9th Century, some 1,200 years. In these 1,200 years, there have been some weird and wonderful members of the Royal Family, each with a more interesting story than the next.
Is the royal family of England really German?
In 1917, the name of the British royal house was changed from the German Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to the English Windsor because of anti-German sentiment in the United Kingdom during World War I. There have been four British monarchs of the House of Windsor since then: George V, Edward VIII, George VI, and Elizabeth II.
Why is the English Royal Family German?
Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, also a grandson of Queen Victoria, was the king's cousin; the queen herself was German. As a result, on June 19, 1917, the king decreed that the royal surname was thereby changed from Saxe-Coburg-Gotha to Windsor.
Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II and His Royal Highness Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh have been married for 72 years, but their relationship goes much farther back. In fact, they knew each other from childhood—and are cousins.
So the best way to find out if you have royal ancestry is simply to do your research well. To be more specific: Research all your family surnames carefully. If you find records indicating where your ancestors lived, look up those residences and see if they are associated with royalty.
Is the British royal family inbred?
In modern times, among European royalty at least, marriages between royal dynasties have become much rarer than they once were. This happens to avoid inbreeding, since many royal families share common ancestors, and therefore share much of the genetic pool.
Are the Windsors of German descent?
The House of Windsor as we know it today began in 1917 when the family changed its name from the German "Saxe-Coburg-Gotha." Queen Elizabeth's grandfather, King George V, was the first Windsor monarch, and today's working royals are the descendants of King George and his wife, Queen Mary.
Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, GCVO (born Catherine Elizabeth Middleton; 9 January 1982) is a member of the British royal family. She is married to Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, second in the line of succession to the British throne, making Catherine a likely future queen consort.
Is Tooting a posh area?
Can you use red card for anything?


With summer in full swing a common them among peers is loosing and maintaining a comfortable weight. Throughout the years I have found seven simple steps to ensure a healthy body weight that is easy to follow and sure to work.
When beginning any new healthy regime, it is always beneficial to start with an honest self evaluation to determine practical goals. I recommend starting with a food diary so you can assess eating habits that need to be changed as well as observe where the bulk of your calories are coming from.
One of the villains of weight management is sweetened beverages. Most of these thirst quenchers are filled with empty calories and carbohydrates.
Just like sweetened beverages, limiting sweet desserts, cookies, and candy will aid in better controlling your weight. If you have a sweet tooth like me, then cutting sweets out of your diet can seem nearly impossible. I advise patients to practice sharing desserts or cutting servings in half or thirds to save for another day.
Moderation is a key step in managing your weight. Knowing proper portions for starches, meat, diary products, and fats will be invaluable in weight control. When getting used to appropriate portion sizes want to use measuring cups.
Choose foods that are lower in fat. You can decrease your fat intake by limiting fried foods, trimming visible fat from meats, consuming diary products that are lower in fat, seasoning veggies with herbs, spices, and lean meats, and adhering to proper portions of salad dressing, butter, and other condiments that are high in fat.
Getting into a routine of eating regularly allows proper metabolism of foods and helps avoid times of hunger when we are most prone to making poor food choices. Instead of eating one to two meals a day, I recommend eating three small meals and incorporating snacks that are high in nutrients and contain few empty calories.
Increasing activity has many health benefits that increase overall health and promote a healthy lifestyle. It is important to exercise your body to burn unwanted calories but it will also aid in reducing the risk of illness both acute and chronic. Exercise also relieves stress and improves your quality of sleep.
I recommend these seven steps because they are easy to incorporate into any lifestyle and do not have to be followed in order to be effective. If you work on one step at a time, you are guaranteed to achieve and maintain a healthy weight you can be proud of.


The role of WEB OPTIMIZATION (Search Engine Optimisation) is to optimise an internet site to make it as visible as attainable to internet engines like google, in an effort to improve their rankings, maximise traffic to them and therefore improve their revenue by means of gross sales or advertising. Be aware that when Google recognises a new strategy that gets results the technique itself usually turns into 'webspam' and something you may be penalised for that so I might beware leaping on the newest SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION fad in 2018.
Google Search Console supplies tools that will help you submit your content to Google and monitor the way you're doing in Google Search. This may make it simpler to get excessive Page Ranks and can improve the traffic to your site. SEARCH ENGINE MARKETING is a straight ahead course of as soon as you know how and so long as you might be aware that it's in a continuing state of evolving.
With Wix, you may put any SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION question you possibly can consider to its LiveChat or e-mail support workforce. However, we nonetheless see archaic SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMISATION practices like overt key phrase density and search terms with an absence of connective words used in the copy.
Most web sites could have a tough time producing enough natural hyperlinks to boost their rankings in engines like google. Google will only acknowledge one web site in any other case individuals could be buying 1000s of urls and posting identical content.


Virginia child custody can be a very emotional topic. It's important to remember some simple tips on how to behave in court so that you can give yourself the chance at a positive outcome. Your Virginia divorce attorney will be doing most of the talking but you need to project a tolerant, respectful countenance.
First, consider your appearance. While this may seem like a superficial thing to think about during such a difficult time, it can have an impact on your case. No matter what your daily personal style happens to be, your best bet for court is an understated, feminine, conservative look. A knee length skirt and a blouse in a pastel color, for example.
Next you'll want to focus on how to behave in court. "Respect" is the key word to keep in mind whenever you're before a judge. It is the same goes for the guardian ad litem, custody evaluator, and any other professionals involved.
This is no doubt a trying time in your life, and being under stress can give you a short fuse. It may be especially hard to maintain your composure if you feel that your ex and his legal team are misrepresenting you.
display disrespectful body language (avoid crossing your arms, making faces, or tapping your toe).


The "Migraine and Neck Pain Study" gathered data from nearly 500 adult participants in a questionnaire-based survey. In this prospective, follow-up study we re-analyzed patients with episodic migraine with and without aura who experienced eV anytime around their migraine attacks. For this we defined 3 different time periods.
146/487 (30%) reported eV anytime during the migraine attack; 79/487 (16%) that noticed eV with the start of the headache, 51/487 (10%) within 2 h before the headache and 16/487 (3%) experienced eV 2–48 h before the headache, as a premonitory symptom. 130/487 (26.7%) of our patients can be diagnosed with vestibular or probable vestibular migraine supporting the clinical association of migraine and vertigo.
Migraine is very prevalent worldwide, with population-based studies reporting migraine in 4–8% of men and 11.2–18.2% of women in both the US  and Europe . Migraine headache and co-occur in the general population about three times more often than expected by chance: at a lifetime migraine prevalence of 16%  and vertigo of 7% , concurrence was actually found in 3.2% of the population . This demonstrates the need for further evaluation of vertigo in migraineurs. One of the major problems is nomenclature, due to the overlap in clinical features between different terminologies of vertigo and their association with migraine (vestibular migraine, migraine-associated episodic vertigo, migraine-associated dizziness, migraine-related vertigo, benign recurrent vertigo and migraine-related vestibulopathy). We need clarification of the terms used to describe various combinations of symptoms, and information about which ones occur at which time within a migraine phase. Slater first introduced the term benign recurrent vertigo (BRV)  to describe spontaneous attacks of episodic vertigo (eV) not explained by either central or otological abnormalities, which did not lead to permanent deficits. BRV and eV are currently not recognized as migraine equivalents or variants in the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD III), although there is a defined condition Vestibular Migraine, in the Appendix (1.6.6) . In contrast, benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) of childhood is recognized as one of the periodic syndromes that precede the development of migraine. To our knowledge, no strong data exist about the prevalence of eV during the different phases of a migraine attack. Therefore the timing association between eV and the phases of migraine remains unclear.
The "Migraine and Neck Pain Study"  gathered data from nearly 500 randomly-selected adult participants in a questionnaire-based survey, conducted in Austria and Greece. The survey included time of onset, side and quality of neck pain in migraine patients, as well as patients' associated migraine symptoms (sensitivity to light, sound and smell, nausea, vomiting and aggravation of pain by physical activity) and the concurrence of eV. We have re-analysed the data from this study regarding the timing association between eV and migraine during different phases. We hypothesized a high prevalence of eV during the different phases of a migraine attack.
The methods of the "Migraine and Neck Pain Study" have been described in detail elsewhere8 and are briefly summarized here for the eV survey. The definition used for eV (according to the definition of episodic recurrent vertigo, or ERV) was spontaneous attacks of vertigo not explained by either central or otological abnormalities, that did not lead to permanent deficits. Eligible patients with episodic migraine with aura (MwA) and/or without aura (MwoA), diagnosed by neurologists, were asked in detail if they experienced eV anytime around their migraine attacks. The migraine was divided into 3 time segments: onset of headache; < 2 h before the onset of headache and 2–48 h before the onset of headache. We tried to answer the question of whether eV is a prodromal symptom, or part of the headache phase of migraine. At the time of inclusion of our patients, the ICHD-III beta  was used. Herein prodromal (premonitory) symptoms were defined as "symptoms preceding, and forewarning of, a migraine attack by 2-48 hours, occurring before the aura in MwA and before the onset of pain in MwoA". Hence, for our analyses, eV as prodromal (premonitory) symptom was defined according to this definition.
Inclusion criteria included men or women, aged 18–65 years, with MwA and/or MwoA, pre-diagnosed by a neurologist according to the definition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 beta version . Patients with known or suspected cervicogenic headache, history of significant cervical trauma or surgery, fibromyalgia and any general pain syndrome were excluded.
The study conformed to the revised ethical principles of the Helsinki declaration and the Codex rules and guidelines for research [10, 11].
= eV (independent of their frequency) any and associated migraine symptoms starting 2–48 h before the onset of headache. All questions ideally were answered immediately after the migraine attack, but no longer than 6 h after the end of the attack.
If eV consistently occurred in the time period A and B, it was interpreted as part of the migraine phase itself.
We used Statistical Package for Social Studies (SPSS) version 17.0 (Aug 23, 2008) (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) to analyse our data. In most cases these were of participants´ response s to the various questions, summarized for all those with migraine. We described categorical variables as proportions (n [%]) and continuous variables in terms of means and standard deviations (SD). We assumed that eV is more prominent during the migraine headache phase. No statistical power calculation was conducted prior to the study. The sample size was based on the available data. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests were used for comparisons between patients with and without aura, a statistically significant result set at the 95% level (p = 0.05).
500 questionnaires were randomly distributed in the headache centres of Linz and Athens. 13 questionnaires had to be excluded from the analysis due to lost or missing data. The total study population (n = 487) consists of 356 females [73.1%] and 131 male [26.9%]). Mean age was 38 years (range, 19 to 61 years); mean age at onset of migraine was 21 years (range, 11 to 42 years). The median number of days of migraine attacks during the study period was 6 per month (range 3–14). 146/487 (30%) patients reported eV anytime during the migraine attack, 79/487 (16.2%) patients noticed eV with the start of the headache phase (group A); 51/487(10.5%) patients reported eV within 2 h before the headache phase (group B) and progressed into the headache phase in all patients; 16/487 (3.3%) patients experienced eV 2–48 h before the headache phase (group C) and progressed into the headache phase in 3 patients. We found that 375/487 (77%) patients had MwoA and 112/487 (22.9%) patients had MwA.
Figure 1 is a flowchart of patients enrolled in the study with a breakdown into migraine subtypes and the composition of the 3 classes each. Table 1 shows number of migraine-associated symptoms in different groups. In group A, all patients showed typical migraine associated symptoms: 82.5% had an aggravation of headache pain during physical activity, 92.6% had nausea, 57.1% were sensitive to smell, 77.6% showed sensitiveness to sound and 82.3% to light. Neck pain was present in 37.7%; In group B, 7.6% observed headache aggravation during physical activity, 22% had nausea, 6.8% were sensitive to smell, 12.7% showed sensitiveness to sound and 16.2% to light. In this group neck pain was reported in 24.2%. In group C 1.4% had nausea, 0.6% were sensitive to smell, 1.6% to sound and 0.6% to light and neck pain was reported in 7.4%.
Table 2 show an evaluation of all patients with eV (n = 146) and their associated symptoms per group. We found a high association between the co-occurrence of eV and neck pain (p = .015), seen in all three groups.
In this prospective, follow-up study of a cohort of patients with episodic migraine, 30% reported eV anytime during the migraine attack; there were 16% that noticed eV with the start of the headache, 10% reported eV within 2 h before the headache and 3% experienced eV 2–48 h before the migraine headache started. Similar to our results, previous studies showed that vertigo occurred in 24%–38% of migraine patients [12, 13, 14]. With respect to our definition of a prodromal state (2–48 h before headache), only 3% of migraine patients experienced eV as a symptom in this phase, suggesting it is more of a headache phase phenomenon, rather than prodromal.
In all 3 groups of subjects with associated vertigo, neck pain was highly prevalent. Interestingly, MwoA and MwA subjects differed very little in 1) the prevalence of associated vertigo (31.5% v. 25%) and 2) the timing of eV (with a nearly identical distribution into groups A, B and C). This would seem to further support the concept that vertigo in migraine is best thought of as an integral manifestation of migraine, rather than a prodromal or aura symptom.
In the new classification of headache disorders, ICHD III , the term 'prodrome', has now replaced 'premonitory phase' or 'premonitory symptoms' and does not include aura. Prodromal symptoms may begin hours or a day or two before the other symptoms of a migraine attack with aura. This is in contrast to the older classification ICHD III beta, where premonitory symptoms were given a more or less exact time period (symptoms preceding and forewarning of a migraine attack by 2–48 h). This reduced specificity highlights the lack of clear understanding of the prodrome itself.
Several studies have investigated the association of vertigo and other vestibular symptoms in migraineurs . However the new ICHD III classification does not include a comprehensive category for these disorders. Only BPV of childhood is recognized as a distinct entity of the IHS migraine classification in childhood, but does not apply to our patients in whom eV undoubtedly started in adulthood. Similarly, the older designation basilar migraine (now termed migraine with brainstem aura) does not apply to our patients with eV because this diagnosis requires at least two symptoms from the posterior circulation territory, each lasting between 5 and 60 min.
Although we did not study eV separated in time from a migraine attack (48 h before, or clearly occurring sometime after the attack), we suspect such episodes may be attacks of vestibular migraine.
ICHD III describes the term vestibular migraine (VM) in the Appendix (1.6.6) and is now the somewhat accepted name for vestibular symptoms that are causally related to migraine . Per this appendix definition, vestibular symptoms should be of moderate or severe intensity, lasting between 5 min and 72 h and half of the episodes should be associated with at least one of 3 clinical features associated with migraine including headache, phonophobia and photophobia and aura. In our cohort we found photophobia (16.6%) and phonophobia (14.3%) as accompanying symptoms. As per definition, one symptom is sufficient during a single episode (whereas different symptoms may occur during different episodes). We therefore can conclude that nearly 26% of our patients can be diagnosed with VM (or at least probable VM), supporting the clinical association of migraine and vertigo. Results of a tertiary vertigo centre found similar results, with 20.2% of their patients having VM .
A strength of our study is the high participation rate, indicating that the study cohort represents a migraine population with little selection bias. Also, we obtained reliable documentation for the timing of symptoms. Limitations may be that we did not use an e-diary. As eV was determined via questionnaire, we were not able to perform physical examinations and measurements. Further, we cannot exclude that some of these eV episodes are an expression of non-vertiginous "dizziness" (since there was no face to face interview), or other possible conditions that could mimic it. For example, in a migraineur who suffered a migraine episode following an attack of BPPV, the positional vertigo would not be considered part of the migraine episode, but the trigger for it. There may be also an overlap between Meniere's disease and migraine, and even more between vestibular migraine and Meniere's; attacks of Meniere's disease are known to trigger migraine headaches - again, in cases like this, the vertigo would be considered a migraine trigger. Of note, is the fact that in the vestibular migraine Appendix definition in ICHD III, head motion-induced dizziness is the only acceptable form of dizziness as a vestibular symptom.
Approximately one quarter of our patients showed a fixed association of headache and vertigo, which is in agreement with previous reports [12, 17, 18].
The association of eV and migraine may result from various pathophysiological mechanisms. No studies have been carried out of the possible causal association of eV and migraine, neither is it known whether a reciprocal association occurs between eV and migraine. Parallel activation of vestibular and cranial nociceptive pathways [19, 20, 21, 22] may lead to prolonged nociceptive activity, some perhaps involving cervical systems, that could lead to continuous afferent signalling of the nucleus caudalis, and, hence, activation of the trigeminovascular system. As the pathogenesis of migraine is linked to the trigeminal innervations of the cranial blood vessels, noxious stimuli from the inner ear and cervical structures may also play a role in this pathogenesis by facilitating central sensitization . The mechanisms underlying vestibular dysfunction concurrent with migraine headache or separated from the headache phase still need further clarification, and future research is in order. Our next trial would be prospective, utilizing an electronic calendar and include a semi-structured interview aimed at more detailed characterization of the array of vestibular symptoms and careful recording of all aspects of vertiginous episodes outside of the migraine attack, as well as timing during attack.
The symptom of eV is more of a headache phase phenomenon, rather than prodromal. We hope that elucidating the relative paucity of eV during this phase might eventually perhaps shed more light on this fascinating and to patients, distressing, phase of the migraine attack. We expect future studies that focus on the character and duration of vertigo in migraineurs and their variables outside of migraine attacks, will discover that many of these episodes will satisfy criteria for the diagnosis of vestibular migraine.
We wish to thank the patients participating in our outpatient assessment and treatment program.
There was no funding for the present study.
The project was conceived by CL and EB, designed by CL, EB and AR. Data were acquired by CL, EB, analysed and interpreted by CL, EB, and AR. The manuscript was drafted by CL and revised by ML and AR. Final approval for intellectual content was done by all authors.
The study conformed to the revised ethical principles of the Helsinki declaration and the Codex rules and guidelines for research. The present study is based on patients who participated in the outpatient assessment and treatment program in the Headache Medical Center Linz and the Headache Center at the University of Athens. During their first appointment in the Headache Center, all patients participating in the survey provided written informed consent to use their data for the quality control, and to publish the data in anonymized form as part of the quality control process. Therefore, an ethics approval was not obtained for the present analysis.
Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for the publication of this report.