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QUEENSIDE HILLS REALTY CO., Inc., v. SAXL, Com'r of Housing and Buildings of City of New York.
328 U.S. 80 (66 S.Ct. 850, 90 L.Ed. 1096)
Argued: March 28, 1946.
Decided: April 22, 1946.
opinion, DOUGLAS [HTML]
Appeal from the Court of Appeals of the State of New York.
Mr. George G. Lake, of New York City, for appellant.
Mr. Edward G. Griffin, of New York City, for appellee.
Mr. Justice DOUGLAS delivered the opinion of the Court.
In 1940 appellant constructed a four story building on the Bowery in New York City and since that time has operated it as a lodging house. It was constructed so as to comply with all the laws applicable to such lodging houses and in force at that time. New York amended its Multiple Dwelling Law 1 in 1944, 2 providing, inter alia, that lodging houses 'of non-fireproof construction existing prior to the enactment of this subdivision' 3 should comply with certain new requirements. 4 Among these was the installation of an automatic wet pipe sprinkler system. Appellant received notice to comply with the new requirements and thereupon instituted this suit in the New York courts for a declaratory judgment holding these provisions of the 1944 law unconstitutional and restraining their enforcement.
The bill alleged that the building was safe for occupancy as a lodging house and did not constitute a fire hazard or a danger to the occupants; that it complied with all building laws and regulations at the time of its construction; that part of it was fireproof and that the rest was so constructed as not to be dangerous to occupants; that the regulations existing prior to 1944 were adequate and sufficient to prevent loss of life in lodging houses of this particular type. It was further alleged that this lodging house has a market value of about $25,000, that the cost of complying with the 1944 law would be about $7,500; and that the benefits to be obtained by the changes were negligible. By reason of those circumstances the 1944 law was alleged to violate the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. It was also alleged to iolate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment since it was applicable to lodging houses 'existing' prior to the 1944 law but not to identical structures erected thereafter. Appellee answered, denying the material allegations of the bill, and moved to dismiss. The Supreme Court granted the motion. The Appellate Division affirmed without opinion. Queenside Hills Realty Co. v. Wilson, 269 App.Div. 691, 54 N.Y.S2d 394. On appeal to the Court of Appeals the judgment was likewise affirmed without opinion. Id., 294 N.Y. 917, 63 N.E.2d 116. The case is here on appeal, the Court of Appeals having certified by its remittitur that questions involving the Fourteenth Amendment were presented and necessarily passed upon. Id., 295 N.Y. 567, 64 N.E.2d 278.
Little need be said on the due process question. We are not concerned with the wisdom of this legislation or the need for it. Olsen v. Nebraska, 313 U.S. 236, 246, 61 S.Ct. 862, 865, 85 L.Ed. 1305, 133 A.L.R. 1500. Protection of the safety of persons is one of the traditional uses of the police power of the States. Experts may differ as to the most appropriate way of dealing with fire hazards in lodging houses. Appellant, indeed, says that its building, far from being a fire-trap, is largely fireproof; and to the extent that any fire hazards exist, they are adequately safeguarded by a fire alarm system, constant watchman service, and other safety arrangements. But the legislature may choose not to take the chance that human life will be lost in lodging house fires and adopt the most conservative course which science and engineering offer. It is for the legislature to decide what regulations are needed to reduce fire hazards to the minimum. Many types of social legislation diminish the value of the property which is regulated. The extreme cases are those where in the interest of the public safety or welfare the owner is prohibited from using his property. Reinman v. Little Rock, 237 U.S. 171, 35 S.Ct. 511, 59 L.Ed. 900; Hadacheck v. Sebastian, 239 U.S. 394, 36 S.Ct. 143, 60 L.Ed. 348, Ann.Cas.1917B, 927; Pierce Oil Corp. v. Hope, 248 U.S. 498, 39 S.Ct. 172, 63 L.Ed. 381. We are dealing here with a less drastic measure. But in no case does the owner of property acquire immunity against exercise of the police power because he constructed it in full compliance with the existing laws. Hadacheck v. Sebastian, supra, 239 U.S. at page 410, 36 S.Ct. at page 145, 60 L.Ed. 348, Ann.Cas.1917B, 927. And see Chicago, B. & Q.R. Co. v. Nebraska, 170 U.S. 57, 18 S.Ct. 513, 42 L.Ed. 948; Hutchinson v. Valdosta, 227 U.S. 303, 33 S.Ct. 290, 57 L.Ed. 520. The police power is one of the least limitable of governmental powers, and in its operation often cuts down property rights. Block v. Hirsh, 256 U.S. 135, 155, 41 S.Ct. 458, 459, 65 L.Ed. 865, 16 A.L.R. 165. And see Plymouth Coal Co. v. Pennsylvania, 232 U.S. 531, 34 S.Ct. 359, 58 L.Ed. 713. Appellant may have a lodging house far less hazardous than the other existing structures regulated by the 1944 law. Yet a statute may be sustained through some of the objects affected by it may be wholly innocent. Purity Extract & Tonic Co. v. Lynch, 226 U.S. 192, 204, 33 S.Ct. 44, 47, 57 L.Ed. 184. The question of validity turns on the power of the legislature to deal with the prescribed class. That power plainly exists here.
Appellant's claim of lack of equal protection is based on the following argument: The 1944 law applies only to existing lodging houses; if a new lodging house were erected or if an existing building were converted into a lodging house, the 1944 law would be inapplicable. An exact duplicate of appellant's building, if constructed today, would not be under the 1944 law and hence could be lawfully operated without the installation of a wet pipe sprinkler system. That is said to be a denial of equal protection of the laws.
The difficulty is that appellant has not shown that there are in existence lodging houses of that category which will escape the l w. The argument is based on an anticipation that there may come into existence a like or identical class of lodging houses which will be treated less harshly. But so long as that class is not in existence, no showing of lack of equal protection can possibly be made. For under those circumstances the burden which is on one who challenges the constitutionality of a law could not be satisfied. Metropolitan Casualty Insurance Co. v. Brownell, 294 U.S. 580, 584, 55 S.Ct. 538, 540, 79 L.Ed. 1070. The legislature is entitled to hit the evil that exists. Patsone v. Pennsylvania, 232 U.S. 138, 144, 34 S.Ct. 281, 282, 58 L.Ed. 539; People of State of New York ex rel. Bryant v. Zimmerman, 278 U.S. 63, 49 S.Ct. 61, 73 L.Ed. 184, 62 A.L.R. 785; Bain Peanut Co. v. Pinson, 282 U.S. 499, 51 S.Ct. 228, 75 L.Ed. 482. It need not take account of new and hypothetical inequalities that may come into existence as time passes or as conditions change. So far as we know, the 1944 law may have been designed as a stop-gap measure to take care of a pressing need until more comprehensive legislation could be prepared. It is common knowledge that due to war conditions there has been little construction in this field in recent years. By the time new lodging houses appear they, too, may be placed under the 1944 law; or different legislation may be adopted to take care both of the old and the new on the basis of parity. Or stricter standards for new lodging houses may be adopted. In any such case the asserted discrimination would have turned out to be fanciful, not real. The point is that lack of equal protection is found in the actual existence of an invidious discrimination (Truax v. Raich, 239 U.S. 33, 36 S.Ct. 7, 60 L.Ed. 131, L.R.A.1916D, 545, Ann.Cas.1917B, 283; Skinner v. Oklahoma, 316 U.S. 535, 62 S.Ct. 1110, 86 L.Ed. 1655), not in the mere possibility that there will be like or similar cases which will be treated more leniently.
Mr. Justice RUTLEDGE concurs in the result.
Mr. Justice JACKSON took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.
L.1929, ch. 713, Cons.L. ch. 61-A.
L.1944, ch. 553.
Id., § 4.
This followed a disastrous fire in an old lodging house in New York City in which there was a considerable loss of life.
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B. T. SHELTON et al., Appellants, v. Everett TUCKER, Jr., etc., et al. Max CARR et al., Petitioners, v. R. A. YOUNG et al.


When the 12-year-old mother, Jonas lets "fight her demons," which is growing as head of the family, becoming the unofficial guardian to her younger siblings. With food and money running out, children are locked in a world of their own where, wrapped up in a disturbing black and white fashion, their house becomes one of the mistakes and the mystique – they make bucket gardens, they take insects as pets And spider webs invade. Only the friendship of a strange homeless man gives Jonas hope to survive in the world of adults.


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Fred M. Warner, född 21 juli 1865 i Hickling, Nottinghamshire, död 18 april 1923 i Orlando, Florida, var en amerikansk republikansk politiker. Han var guvernör i delstaten Michigan 1905–1911.

Warner, som föddes i England, blev föräldralös i en ålder av tre månader och adopterades av en familj i Michigan. Efter studier vid Michigan Agricultural College (numera Michigan State University) gjorde han karriär inom affärslivet och grundade tretton ostfabriker.

Warner var delstatens statssekreterare (Michigan Secretary of State) 1901–1905 och efterträdde därefter Aaron T. Bliss som guvernör. Efter tre mandatperioder som guvernör efterträddes Warner av Chase Osborn.

Metodisten och frimuraren Warner gravsattes på Oakwood Cemetery i Farmington.

Externa länkar
 Biografi på National Governors Associations hemsidor
 Political Graveyard

Födda 1865
Avlidna 1923
Guvernörer i Michigan
Män
Alumner från Michigan State University

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Women in IT more likely to be promoted than men
(BUSINESS NEWS) Women in IT are on the rise faster than men and are more likely to get promoted. While we don't wish men to suffer, we do intend on showcasing how the gender gap is diminishing.
It's no secret that there is a gap in equality between men and women in the workplace. Unfortunately, this gap does not stop at pay; women are often under-represented in many professions.
Read also: Inspiring thank you note all women in tech should read
On Tuesday (October 11), the world celebrated the United Nations' fifth annual Day of the Girl. The hashtag #DayoftheGirl has been trending on Twitter and has seen engagement in the empowerment of women.
Equality for all
"On International #DayoftheGirl, we remain committed to providing what we all want for our daughters: a future of limitless possibility," President Obama tweeted from his official POTUS account. This day reminds all of us that every girl and woman has the ability to achieve their goals.
This potential is reflected in the progress that has been made in workplace equality over the years.
On that note, research indicates that women are on a faster track than men in the IT profession. Interesting.
Women in IT
Though they are still very much outnumbered, women are now more likely to be promoted over their male coworkers in an IT setting. This research reflects a study of 4,000 IT professionals; it found that, on average, women hit management level three years prior to men (nine years versus 12.)
While this is good news for women in the IT field, there is still a big gap in representation. Only six percent of the senior developer survey responders were women, eight percent reflected IT managers, and those heading up to IT were at seven percent.
These numbers are low, but they reflect that the gap in representation and pay is more on its way to being paved, even in the tech sector. Women in IT make a median of $74,000 and women with around 15 years experience in IT management make $115,000.
Since there is a shortage of people who possess required IT skills, particularly in software development, this could be the time for women in this field to really rise up and amplify their presence.
The significance (and necessity) of women rising in the workplace should not only be showcased on days like today. It is important to work together to promote a continuous increase in gender equality and eliminate the gap, especially in the technology industry.
#ITwomen
Related Topics:careerITTechThe News
Yahoo stupidly turns off email forwarding, is this strike three?
Productivity made simple and beautiful through Polymail
Staff Writer, Taylor Leddin is a publicist and freelance writer for a number of national outlets. She was featured on Thrive Global as a successful woman in journalism, and is the editor-in-chief of The Tidbit. Taylor resides in Chicago and has a Bachelor in Communication Studies from Illinois State University.
You're more likely to thrive with entrepreneurs if you get distracted easily
You absolutely don't need to be a 100% match for a job to apply
What to do when you have job interview adrenaline and anxiety
(BUSINESS) Foxtrot is looking to redefine the convenience store as we know it. This startup is looking to make it a whole new experience.
Move over 7-11, there's a new player in town! There's always room for competition, even in the world of convenience stores. Yes, you read that right, Quick Trip has some serious competition from a newcomer, Foxtrot.
Foxtrot is a curated, modern convenience store offering a brisk 30-minute delivery and 5-minute pick-up. It was created by Mike LaVitola and Taylor Bloom in 2014. These stores will undoubtedly be popular in walkable areas, but also with their online ordering convenience. This modern version of a convenience store offers the combination of an upscale corner store with a digital-first e-commerce platform. Sounds pretty glorious, right?
However, the original convenience store is safe as long as people are traveling and need to stop for gas or a restroom break. If you're from Texas, then you know and love, Buc-ee's, the Texas-born chain. Buc-ee's have been creating their own in-store products garnering a cult following among their customers. Still, Buc-ee's doesn't have an online ordering or delivery option unless it's offered through a third party.
Foxtrot has raised $160 million in Series C funding and they are expecting to open 25 locations in many cities in 2022. There are a few different levels of funding. If a company makes it to Series C funding, they are already successful and looking to expand or develop new products per Investopedia.
According to Retail Dive, "About half of the new stores will be in Chicago, Dallas and Washington, where all of the 16 stores Foxtrot currently operates are located, LaVitola said. The tech-focused retailer is also planning to begin operations in Boston and Austin, and intends to open four or five new stores in each of those cities during the next year and a half, he said."
Foxtrot is testing out technology equipment that would allow customers to leave the store without stopping to checkout at the counter. They plan isn't to go entirely self-service, but as the creator LaVitola stated, "the more hours we can allocate towards sampling and storytelling and interacting with customers and less [on] tasks that don't add on to value, like checkout, that's great."
Foxtrot is redefining convenience by including carefully curated products. They aim to offer local popular products as well core pantry items. They aim to make the commonly unpleasant experience of convenience stores enjoyable. Let's hope they succeed.
(BUSINESS) Diversity and inclusion have been at the forefront of Starbucks' mission, but now they're shifting strategy. What can we learn from it?
Starbucks was one of many companies that promised to focus on diversity and inclusion efforts after the death of George Floyd by Minneapolis police in 2020. What sets Starbucks apart from other companies were its specific goals.
They began with hiring targets and have now added goals in corporate and manufacturing roles. Starbucks' plans and goals revolve around transparency for accountability. They released the annual numbers for 2021 as a way to help hold themselves accountable. The data they've released so far show that they've met nearly a third of their 2025 goals according to Retail Brew. Because of this information, we can see why they are choosing to move in the direction of manufacturing and corporate jobs. In 2021, POC's fell to 12.5% of director-level employees from 14.3% in 2020 in manufacturing.
How It's Going
Per Starbucks' website stories and news, "[I]t will increase its annual spend with diverse suppliers to $1.5 billion by 2030. As part of this commitment, Starbucks will partner with other organizations to develop and grow supplier diversity excellence globally." To put that into perspective, they spent nearly $800 million with diverse suppliers in 2021. With these moves, by 2030, it will increase by almost double.
As part of their accountability and progress, they plan to partner up with Arizona State University to give out free toolkits to entrepreneurs on fundamentals for running successful diverse-owned businesses. Another goal they've listed is to boost paid media representation by allocating 15 percent of the advertising budget to minority-owned and targeted media companies to reach diverse audiences.
At the heart of all this information on their goals and future plans, data transparency and accountability are what's forcing them to look at the numbers to make specific goals. They are doing more than just throwing money at the problem, they are analyzing how they can do better and where the money will make a difference. Something that, as entrepreneurs, we should all do.
(BUSINESS) After a recording of layoffs leaks, 'supply chain' issues cause shipping increases, and they consult for cost-cutting, Peloton is doomed.
Is Peloton in Trouble?
According to many reports, Peloton had success early in the pandemic when gyms shut down. Offering consumers a way to connect with a community for fitness along with varying financing options allowed the company to see growth when many other industries were being shuttered.
After two years, CNBC reports that the company is "being impacted by …supply chain challenges" and rising inflation costs. According to the report, customers will be paying an additional $250 for its bike and $350 for its tread for delivery and setup.
As demand has decreased, Peloton is also considering layoffs in their sales and marketing departments, overheard in a leaked audio call. The recording details executives discussing "Project Fuel" where they plan to cut 41% of the sales and marketing teams, as well as letting go of eCommerce employees and frontline workers at 15 retail stores.
Nasdaq reported that the stock fell 75% last year, after a year where it soared over 400%.
Peloton reviewing its overall structure
According to another report from CNBC, Peloton is working with McKinsey & Company, a management consulting firm, to lower costs as revenue has dropped and the growth of new subscriptions has slowed since the pandemic. Last November, according to NPR, Peloton had "its worst day as a publicly-traded company." It also anticipates greater losses in 2022 than originally predicted. It makes sense that the company would reexamine their strategy as the economy changes. They aren't the only one that is raising prices amid supply chain issues.
It will be interesting to watch how Peloton fares
Peloton has a large community that pays a monthly fee for connected fitness. While growth has slowed, the company still has a strong share of consumers. Although it is facing more competition in the home fitness market and more gyms are reopening, as Peloton adjusts to the new normal, it should remain a viable company.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Jean-François Zygel, né le  à Paris, est un pianiste improvisateur, compositeur et professeur d'improvisation au piano au Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris. Il est également reconnu pour son travail d'initiation à la musique classique dans les médias radiophoniques et télévisuels.

Biographie

Formation
Les parents de Jean-François Zygel ne sont pas musiciens. Sa mère écoute de la chanson (Colette Magny, Brel, Barbara, Léo Ferré) alors que son père préfère la musique classique (Mozart, Bach, Beethoven, Schubert).

Il entre au Conservatoire national supérieur de musique à Paris en 1975, il y remportera dix premiers prix (harmonie, contrepoint, fugue, analyse, accompagnement piano, direction de chant, musique de chambre, recherche en analyse, orchestration et composition). En 1982, il remporte le premier prix du Concours international d'improvisation au piano de la ville de Lyon.

Compositeur et pianiste improvisateur
Jean-François Zygel occupe une position tout à fait singulière dans la création musicale française. Ses œuvres des années 1980 et du début des années 1990 (Hommage à Pablo Casals, Expérience de la lumière) sont proches de certains compositeurs américains, comme Steve Reich et John Adams. Son triptyque symphonique La Ville révèle une écriture contrastée et d'une forte portée dramatique. Plus récemment, Jean-François Zygel s'est orienté vers des textures polyphoniques et polyrythmiques plus étoffées, où l'on peut déceler son attirance pour les compositeurs anglais des 16e et 17e siècles (nonette Málaga, 2000). Son intérêt pour la cantillation hébraïque (deux de ses arrière-grands-pères étaient hazzanim en Pologne) transparaît dans ses Chants juifs pour violoncelle et piano, partition basée à la fois sur des motifs préexistants et sur des éléments mélodiques librement inspirés de sources traditionnelles, ainsi que dans plusieurs œuvres comme Mélodie pour violon seul, Vous avez blessé mon cœur (d'après le Cantique des cantiques) pour soprano, ténor et piano, ou le plus récent Kaddish (2019) pour seize voix mixtes a cappella.

D'autres aspects de son activité contribuent à différencier fortement son attitude de celle de la plupart des compositeurs de sa génération, en particulier le fait de considérer le concert comme une forme de spectacle. Il accorde également une grande importance aux possibilités de frayer des passages entre les genres, savants et populaires, ainsi qu'entre les différentes disciplines artistiques, comme par exemple le cinéma muet, l'une de ses passions.

Familier de l'accompagnement de films en concert, Jean-François Zygel compose une musique originale pour le Nana de Jean Renoir (commande du musée du Louvre en 1986).

À l'occasion du centenaire de la naissance de la musique de film, en 2008 il signe l'accompagnement au piano du chef-d'œuvre de Marcel L'Herbier, L'Argent.

En 2011, il collabore avec l'Orchestre National d'Île-de-France (Ondif) pour La Femme sur la lune de Fritz Lang (Cité de la musique).

En 2013, c'est la création par l'orchestre de l'Opéra de Rouen d'une nouvelle partition écrite pour La Belle Nivernaise de Jean Epstein (commande de la Cité de la musique et du Festival Normandie Impressionniste).

Seul ou en duo avec Thierry Escaich, il accompagne de nombreuses fois L'Aurore, Le Fantôme de l'Opéra et le Napoléon d'Abel Gance à l'Opéra de Paris, au Festival d'Avignon, à la Cité de la Musique, à la Maison de la Radio et au Forum des Images (Paris), au Lincoln Center de New York et à la National Gallery de Washington..

Entre 2012 et 2021, il met régulièrement en musique les grands films de Murnau et de Fritz Lang (Théâtre national de Toulouse, Théâtre du Châtelet, Cité de la Musique, Philharmonie Luxembourg, Opéra de Nice, Opéra de Monte-Carlo, Arsenal de Metz, Chorégies d'Orange…). En octobre 2015, il improvise en direct pendant six heures sur les images de la nouvelle version restaurée des Misérables d'Henri Fescourt (d'après Victor Hugo) au Théâtre du Châtelet, performance réitérée l'année d'après au festival Musica de Strasbourg, en juillet 2018 au Festival International du Film de Jérusalem et en avril 2019 au Parvis de Tarbes. Pour la Cinémathèque française, il signe en 2016 les musiques de La Charrette fantôme de Victor Sjöström et de La Passion de Jeanne d'Arc de Dreyer.

Il met en musique Le Fantôme de l'Opéra de Rupert Julian pour l'Opéra de Monte-Carlo en octobre 2016, solo repris aux Chorégies d'Orange en juillet 2017, à l'Auditorium de Lyon en mars 2019, au Festival Enesco à Bucarest en septembre 2019 et à l'Opéra de Toulon en février 2020.

Artiste éclectique, Jean-François Zygel mène une carrière de pianiste improvisateur en France comme à l'étranger, et partage régulièrement la scène avec des artistes de tous horizons comme Chilly Gonzales, Didier Lockwood, Gabriela Montero, Bobby McFerrin, Michel Portal, Ibrahim Maalouf, Abd Al Malik, Médéric Collignon, Bruno Fontaine, Andy Emler, Antoine Hervé, Yaron Herman, André Manoukian, Jacky Terrasson, Art Point M, Raphaëlle Boitel, Dan Tepfer, Thomas Enhco, Sly Johnson, Kaori Ito, Thomas Bloch, entre autres.

En 2011, il publie son deuxième album d'improvisation, Double Messieurs (Naïve), en duo avec Antoine Hervé, qui constitue un véritable « carnet de voyage » des concerts donnés pendant la saison 2009-2010. Il lance aussi cette année là Les Concerts de l'Improbable au Théâtre du Châtelet.

En 2012, il est invité à se produire à Toronto en compagnie d'Uri Caine et de Lang Lang pour un concert d'hommage à Glenn Gould à l'occasion des trente ans de sa mort.

En 2017 parait l'album L'Alchimiste, sur lequel il improvise sur les voix isolées de chansons célèbres : Y'a d'la joie de Charles Trenet, La Fille d'avril de Laurent Voulzy, Ne me quitte pas de Jacques Brel… Mêlant Schumann à Renaud, il est parfois accompagné d'autres musiciens tels que Médéric Collignon, Joël Grare ou Paul Meyer.

Émissions et spectacles

La Leçon de Musique
De 1996 à 2007, Jean-François Zygel donne des leçons de musique en public à la mairie du  à Paris.

Devant le succès grandissant, certaines ont été filmées par Stéphan Aubé (Mozart et Schubert) et Marie-Christine Gambart (Chopin, Fauré, Bartók, Debussy, Chostakovitch, Mendelssohn, Franck, Ravel et Mozart) puis éditées sous format DVD par Naïve Records et récompensées aux Victoires de la musique classique 2006.

De 2007 à 2011, ses Leçons de musique s'installent au Théâtre du Châtelet. Cette fois, Jean-François Zygel consacre les compositeurs suivants : Schubert, Mendelssohn, Haydn, Chopin, Brahms, Fauré, Debussy, Messiaen ainsi qu'une Leçon spéciale pour la Fête de la musique.

Les Leçons d'opéra
Spectacles donnés au Théâtre du Châtelet.

Les Clefs de l'Orchestre
Dans la lignée des Young People's Concerts de Leonard Bernstein, Jean-François Zygel, avec la complicité de l'Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France, explique les grandes œuvres du répertoire symphonique à un public de tous âges.

Certains de ces concerts pédagogiques ont fait l'objet d'une diffusion télévisuelle ainsi que d'une édition DVD chez Naïve Records. Les œuvres filmées sont le Boléro de Ravel, la Symphonie no 103 de Joseph Haydn, la Symphonie nº 6 de Beethoven, la Symphonie nº 9 de Dvořák, le Concerto pour orchestre de Bartók, la Symphonie fantastique de Berlioz, L'Apprenti sorcier de Dukas, La Danse macabre de Saint-Saëns, L'Oiseau de feu et Le Sacre du printemps de Stravinsky Les réalisateurs sont Stéphan Aubé, Philippe Béziat, Frédéric Leclair et François-René Martin.

Les Nuits de l'improvisation
Au Théâtre du Châtelet, Jean-François Zygel organise de 2009 à 2016 des Nuits de l'improvisation, spectacle annuel où solistes et les groupes de musiciens (fixes ou déambulant) investissent tout le théâtre.

Les Concerts de l'improbable
Organisés au Théâtre du Châtelet de 2011 à 2014, les spectacles des deux premières saisons (2011-2012 et 2012-2013) sont organisés autour d'un compositeur, différent à chaque fois. Durant la saison 2013-2014, les spectacles sont thématiques.

Les concerts sont précédés par une heure de musique à tous les étages dans un théâtre redécoré pour l'occasion : musiciens ambulants, instruments rares, trios, quatuors, quintettes. Après le concert, un after mêle jazz, baroque, classique dans les différents salons du théâtre.

La Boîte à Musique

Jean-François Zygel anime tous les étés de 2006 à 2016 une émission hebdomadaire sur France 2. Au cours de celle-ci, un thème ou un compositeur classique est revisité, en public et en compagnie de plusieurs personnalités françaises, souvent issues du monde de la politique ou de l'art, notamment de la chanson.

La formule initiale est de , le jeudi soir vers , chaque émission étant consacrée lors de la première saison à un compositeur. En 2007, la formule de l'émission évolue légèrement et la durée passe à . Chaque émission est consacrée à un thème (et non plus à un compositeur) : l'opéra, les claviers, la nature, la musique de chambre, la danse. Une nouvelle Boîte à Musique consacrée à Noël est diffusée pour les fêtes de fin d'année, le . L'émission reprend pour huit rendez-vous au cours de l'été 2008. Les thèmes abordés sont : musique et cinéma, la musique française (on y voit Xavier Darcos improvisant au piano), les modernes, les classiques, les romantiques, la sensualité, pochette surprise, l'improvisation.

L'émission reçoit le « Laurier de l'émission culturelle musicale » remis par le Club Audiovisuel de Paris en .

Sur l'antenne de France Musique
Jean-François Zygel est également présent de 2004 à 2010 sur l'antenne de France Musique dans ses Leçons de musique évoquées plus haut et les concerts Les Clefs de l'orchestre. Entre 2006 et 2009, il anime l'émission Le Cabaret Classique le dimanche de  à  (une émission qu'il a coprésentée, pour la dernière saison, avec Antoine Hervé). En 2009-2010, Le Blog de Jean-François Zygel (le samedi de  à ) clôt sa collaboration avec France Musique.

Sur l'antenne de France Inter
À la rentrée 2015, France Inter lui confie une émission hebdomadaire intitulée La Preuve par Z, tous les samedis à 19h20. Le compositeur y évoque et explique avec gaîté et enthousiasme les grands compositeurs, extraits musicaux à l'appui.

Depuis septembre 2021, La Preuve par Z est diffusée tous les dimanches de 22h à 23h.

Sur l'antenne de France Télévisions
Le , Jean-François Zygel présente Zygel Académie à  sur France 2, une émission où des célébrités découvrent la musique classique. Elle réunit , soit 7,3 % du public. La Zygel Académie est reconduite en 2018.

Les Clefs de l'orchestre sont régulièrement diffusées sur France 5, France 2, France 4 et la RTBF.

En 2020, Jean-François Zygel crée un nouveau format avec André Manoukian : Entre duel et duo. Les deux pianistes improvisent entre classique et jazz, entre défis et complicité.

Enseignement

En 2002, il fonde la classe d'improvisation au piano au Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris.

Œuvres

Publications
 Quand du stérile hiver a resplendi l'ennui… Conditions d'existence du langage musical, in Le Débat, , novembre-, 31-34.

Œuvres musicales
Voir.
 Nigun, chants juifs pour violoncelle et piano.
 Malaga, pour piano, quatuor à cordes et quatuor de bois, 1994.
 La Ville, pour grand orchestre, 1993.

Vidéographie

DVD La Leçon de Musique
Édités chez Naïve Classic.
 Bartók (réalisation Marie-Christine Gambart)
 Chopin (réalisation Marie-Christine Gambart)
 Chostakovitch (réalisation Marie-Christine Gambart)
 Debussy (réalisation Marie-Christine Gambart)
 Fauré (réalisation Marie-Christine Gambart)
 Franck (réalisation Marie-Christine Gambart)
 Mendelssohn (réalisation Marie-Christine Gambart)
 Mozart (réalisation Stéphan Aubé)
 Schubert (réalisation Stéphan Aubé)
 Ravel (réalisation Marie-Christine Gambart)

DVD Les Clefs de l'Orchestre
 Symphonie n 103 de Haydn (réalisation Stéphan Aubé)
 Boléro de Maurice Ravel (réalisation Stéphan Aubé)
 Symphonie Pastorale de Beethoven (réalisation Stéphan Aubé)
 Symphonie « Du Nouveau Monde » de Dvořák (réalisation Stéphan Aubé)
 Concerto pour orchestre de Bartók (réalisation Philippe Béziat)
 Symphonie fantastique de Berlioz (réalisation François-René Martin)
 L'Apprenti Sorcier de Dukas et La Danse macabre de Saint-Saëns (réalisation Frédéric Le Clair)
 Symphonie n 40 de Mozart (réalisation Louise Narboni)
 « Symphonie inachevée » de Schubert (réalisation Frédéric Le Clair)
 L'Oiseau de feu de Stravinsky (réalisation Frédéric Le Clair)

DVD La musique classique expliquée aux enfants
(réalisation Frédéric Leclair)

DVD La Boîte à Musique
 La Boîte à Musique (2007, épisodes de la saison 2007 de l'émission)
 La Boîte à Musique 2 (2008, épisodes de la saison 2008 de l'émission)
 La Boîte à Musique 3 (2010, deux épisodes de la saison 2009 de l'émission et trois épisodes de la saison 2010)
 La Boîte à Musique 4 (2011, épisodes de la saison 2011 de l'émission)

Une première édition de La Boîte à Musique 3 est parue en 2009 avec une jaquette différente. Elle contenait tous les épisodes de la saison 2009 de l'émission, mais a été retirée de la vente en raison de problèmes de droits concernant un des artistes invités sur une des émissions.

Discographie
 1998 : Chants juifs (édité chez naïve classic), par Sonia Wieder-Atherton et Daria Hovora : composition de trois morceaux (Nigun, Psalmodie et Chemah)
 2008 : Improvisations (édité chez naïve classic)
 2011 : Double Messieurs, avec Antoine Hervé (édité chez naïve classic)
2017 : L'Alchimiste (édité chez Sony)

Distinctions
  (2015) ;
  (2014) ;
  (2006).

Annexes

Notes et références

Bibliographie
 Interview de Jean-François Zygel par B. Dermoncourt, Classica-Repertoire, , .
 « Z comme Jean-François Zygel : la musique sort de sa boîte », in Improvisation so piano, Jean-Pierre Thiollet, Neva Éditions, 2017, .

Liens internes
 Hazzan

Liens externes

 Présentation et interview de Jean-François Zygel sur France2.fr
 Jean-François Zygel sur le site de Naïve Classic

Compositeur français de musique classique de la période contemporaine
Animateur français de télévision
Personnalité masculine française de la radio
Animateur sur France Musique
Animateur sur France Inter
Élève du Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris
Enseignant au Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Lyon
Enseignant au Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris
Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres
Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur décoré en 2015
Personnalité liée à la musique classique décorée de la Légion d'honneur
Chevalier de l'ordre national du Mérite
Naissance en novembre 1960
Naissance à Paris


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text:
Bernard Horohan has been appointed as Carlow U20 football manager
The Carlow man will take charge of the team for the 2021 season.
by Robbie Dowling
Friday 15 January, 2021
in Football, GAA
Carlow GAA
Bernard Horohan has been officially appointed as the Carlow U20 football manager, Carlow GAA has announced.
The O'Hanrahans clubman has worked with underage Carlow teams in the past and takes over at an exciting time for Carlow GAA.
In a brief statement, Carlow GAA wished Horohan the best of luck in his new role.
"Delighted to announce that Bernard Horohan has been appointed as manager of our under 20 football squad.
"Wishing Bernard and his soon to be announced backroom team, the very best."
Horohan, who also owns Tile N Style Carlow, previously took charge of the Carlow under 16 and under 17 squad in 2018. His new job will see him reunited with many of the players from those teams.
It is not yet known when Horohan will be able to begin training sessions with the panel as all GAA collective training is currently not taking place due to rules the Association implied to help combat the Covid-19 pandemic in Ireland.
This year's Under 20 Football Championship will be a straight knockout competition. The Leinster Under 20 Championship is due to start on April 3.


What Are the Main Sources Used in Shakespeare's Plays?
The stories told in Shakespeare's plays are not original. Rather, Shakespeare sourced his plots and characters from historical accounts and classical texts.
Shakespeare was well-read and drew from an extensive range of texts – not all of them written in his mother tongue! It is often difficult to prove a direct link between Shakespeare's plays and the original sources, but there are some writers that Shakespeare came back to time and time again.
This Italian prose and poetry writer published a collection of stories entitled the Decameron in the mid-fourteenth century. It is believed that, in parts, Shakespeare would have had to work from the original Italian.
Source for: All's Well That Ends Well, Cymbeline and The Two Gentlemen of Verona.
Although the plot behind Romeo and Juliet was well-known in Shakespeare's time, it is believed that Shakespeare primarily worked from Brooke's 1562 poem entitled The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet.
In around 1200 AD, Saxo Grammaticus wrote Gesta Danorum (or "Deeds of the Danes") which chronicled Denmark's Kings and told the story of Amleth – the real-life Hamlet! You will notice that Hamlet is an anagram of Amleth. It is believed that Shakespeare would have had to work from the original Latin.
Holinshed's Chronicles records the history of England, Scotland, and Ireland and became Shakespeare's primary source for his historical plays. However, it should be noted that Shakespeare did not set out to create historically accurate accounts – he reshaped history for dramatic purposes and to play into the prejudices of his audience.
Source for: Henry IV (both parts), Henry V, Henry VI (all three parts), Henry VIII, Richard II, Richard III, King Lear, Macbeth, and Cymbeline.
This ancient-Greek historian and philosopher became the main source for Shakespeare's Roman plays. Plutarch produced a text called Parallel Lives in around 100 AD that contains over 40 biographies of Greek and Roman leaders.
Source for: Antony and Cleopatra, Coriolanus, Julius Caesar and Timon of Athens.


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Your contact persons at Games/Bavaria
Simone Lackerbauer
Simone Lackerbauer joined Games/Bavaria in March 2020. As Team Lead and Product Lead Games, her responsibilities include corporate identity, brand and online presence, as well as internationalization, location marketing, sponsoring and relations with the media and industry.
Originally from Burghausen (Upper Bavaria), she studied Media and Communication, Media and Society, as well as Literary Translation and Sociology in DE, FR and the USA. Prior to Games/Bavaria, she worked, among other things, a total of ten years as a freelance and salaried employee in the games industry as a marketing/product manager and freelance writer/translator, and three years in research.
After work, Simone is a triathlete, interested in cyberculture and AI, likes to travel and plays MMOs, roguelites and soulslikes as well as retro games.
Contact Simone for all matters concerning the Games/Bavaria brand, sponsoring and if you want to get in touch with the games industry.
Privat ist Simone Triathletin, interessiert an Cyberculture und AI, reist gerne und zockt MMOs, Roguelites und Soulslikes sowie Games in Retro-Optik.
0049 1578 0581102
Lena Fischer
Lena Fischer joined Games/Bavaria in September 2019. As Project Lead Games, she is responsible for the organization of events and for the areas of colleges/universities and young talent. The latter includes in particular the GamesWERK program, which covers mentoring, workshops and talks.
Lena studied media sciences, computer science: games engineering as well as philosophy of science and technology. During and after her studies, she worked at the university and at games and media companies before joining FFF Bayern as a games funding officer for two and a half years.
In her spare time, Lena is a fan of building blocks (even though Duplo is more in vogue right now due to the new generation), loves puzzles and cooperative games, and always buys her books, games, and movies in physical form whenever possible.
Contact Lena with any inquiries regarding universities and colleges, Games/Bavaria events and if you have any questions about the mentoring program.
Beck Niederländer
(they/them)
Beck Niederländer joined Games/Bavaria as Developer Relations Lead at the beginning of 2022. Beck is mainly responsible for events by and for the Bavarian game dev community and organizes trade show appearances nationally and internationally. Em also assists Lena with events and the GamesWERK program.
Beck studied game design and then worked for 5 years as a producer at the Bavarian publisher Mixtvision in the games sector. Alongside their work, Beck was involved in the development of the award-winning 3D puzzle game Cubiverse.
Besides games – from RPGs to multiplayer games to mobile games – Beck likes to spend time doing handicrafts, 3D printing and trying (sometimes more and sometimes less successfully) to keep houseplants alive.
Write or call Beck if you're planning cool events for the community, have questions about Games/Bavaria events or the GamesWERK program, or just want to talk about your plans for world domination.
0049 1590 420 33 69
Laura Wünsch
Laura Wünsch joined Games/Bavaria as a working student in April 2021. As Social Media Lead, she looks after many of our social media channels in the areas of design and communication. Furthermore, she maintains our databases and does research for the website posts.
After her bachelor degree in Media and Communication Science (B.A) at the Technical University of Ilmenau (Thuringia), she is currently studying Computer Game Science (M.A) at the University of Bayreuth.
In her free time she likes to play guitar and ball sports. When it comes to video games, her preferences lie with multiplayer games – be it co-ops, MOBAs or MMOs.
Contact Laura for all questions about social media and communication of games/Bavaria.
If you have any questions about FFF Bayern funding, it is best to contact the FilmFernsehFonds directly. You can find the contact details here on the FFF website.
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We are perhaps witnessing the political crisis of a life time. Our model has been projecting this crisis and I warned more than 20 years ago that the Democratic Party was in serious decline. Keep in mind that Trump effectively became a third party candidate within the Republican Party. So by no means is this a major victory for Republicans. We are witnessing the collapse of government from internal corruption gone wild. Both parties have sold their souls to the elite. Why would all the bankers and hedge funds donate to Hillary if she REALLY cared about the middle class? Politicians have lied constantly from both parties. This crisis of abuse of power trying to link Trump to Russia was a desperate attempt to win. There was no proof and that is the only reason Obama had to accept the vote.
Where we go from here is nothing but chaos. We are witnessing the meltdown of the European Parliament structure as well. This is the self-destruction of the West and the necessary element that will shift the financial capital of the world to China. So buckle up. This is by no means Democrat v Republican. This is game over. The sooner we all realize that both sides are really against the people, the better off we will be in the long-run. To save something of what we have DEMANDS we stop the partisan bickering. If you see yourself as a Democrat or Republican BEFORE being an American, you are going to end up on the short-end of the stick.


Apologies were received from Cllr Cooke and Cllr Onslow. Cllr Harris attended as substitute for Cllr Cooke.
Councillor Simon Fawthrop declared an interest as an employee of BT.
In respect of Minute 114a, Councillor Gareth Allatt declared that his last job has been at the company that became LINK Asset Services. Councillor Allatt declared that he was no longer associated with the company.
In accordance with the Council's Constitution, questions to the Chairman of this Committee must be received in writing 4 working days before the date of the meeting and must relate to the work of the scrutiny committee. Please ensure questions are received by the Democratic Services Team by 5pm on 1st February 2019.
The minute of the meeting held on 8th January 2019, was agreed and signed as a correct record.
The Committee considered a report setting out matters arising from previous meetings and the Committee's Work Plan for 2018/19.
In response to a question, the Director of Corporate Services confirmed that there had been a great deal of interest resulting from the marketing of the Ann Springman and Joseph Lancaster blocks.
2. The 2018/19 Work Programme be noted.
The Committee considered a report which provided Members with the most recent Risk Registers for the areas falling under the Committee's remit.
The Director of Finance reported that the main net red rated risk was on the Finance Risk Register and related to failure to deliver a sustainable Financial Strategy. This would remain red as there was a budget gap and savings to bridge the gap over the next your years had not yet been identified.
In response to a question, the Director of Finance confirmed that actions to mitigate the risks identified on the Commissioning Risk Register were progressing and the Interim Chief Executive was currently reviewing wider issues.
A Member questioned whether an ACM cladded building should be added to the risk register as a result of the potential reputational risk to the Council. The Director of Corporate Services agreed to give the matter further consideration and have a wider discussion with colleagues following the meeting in order to identify how best to manage the issue.
In response to a question, the Director of Finance confirmed that the Council's Transformation Programme was currently being developed and any key risks arising from the programme would be fed into the Corporate Risk Register as they arose.
The Committee noted the Forward Plan of Key Decisions covering the period February 2019 to May 2019.
In accordance with the Council's Constitution, questions to the Resources, Commissioning and Contracts Portfolio Holder must be received in writing 4 working days before the date of the meeting and must relate to the work of the Portfolio. Please ensure questions are received by the Democratic Services Team by 5pm on 1st February 2019.
The Committee considered the following report(s) where the Resources, Contracts and Commissioning Portfolio Holder was recommended to take a decision.
The Committee considered a report summarising Treasury Management activity during the third quarter of 2018/19. The report also presented the Treasury Management Strategy and the Annual Investment Strategy for 2019/20, which were required by the CIPFA Code of Practice for Treasury Management in the Public Services to be approved by the Council. The report also included prudential indicators and the Minimum Revenue Provision (MRP) Policy statement, both of which required the approval of the Council.
In response to questions from Members, the Director of Finance confirmed that a minimum of investment grade was the main principle governing investments. The Director of Finance emphasised however that Officers would not simply rely on the fact that an organisation was investment grade, external professional advice would also be sought and consideration given to the current credit rating.
In respect of the cost to the Council of advice from LINK Asset Solutions, the Director of Finance confirmed that the Council paid approximately £9,000 per annum (following the meeting the Director confirmed that the precise cost was £9,700 per annum). LINK Asset Solutions were able to provide up-to-date checks that were not available from credit reference checks undertaken by the Council, they also had access to information that the Council was unable to access locally and the company also undertook analysis and were able to provide a degree of comfort for the Local Authority surrounding its investments.
In relation to lending to Local Authorities, the Director of Finance explained that the fact that Local Authorities were considered part of Government made them a more secure investment as in order to maintain the reputation of local government there would be a mechanism to honour any debt in the event of the financial failure of the organisation. The Director of Finance also explained that a 1 or 2 year view was taken and this provided an element of security.
In response to a question concerning whether more should be invested in Housing Associations in light of the high rate of return, the Director of Finance reported that he always advised a gradual approach. If further investments were to be made Officers would return to Members with proposals.
The Director of Finance confirmed that corporate bonds were an options that was available to the Council. The advice from LINK Asset Services would be considered as this would highlights any risks of which the Council should be aware. A Member highlighted that it was possible to lose capital value on corporate bonds.
The Committee noted that the Council was expecting to recover the full capital sum (£5,087k) from the Heritable Bank investment although it was taking time to recover the funds.
The Committee considered a report seeking the renewal of the annual support contract for the Modern.gov committee document management system. The Modern.gov system enabled the Council to publish meeting details, committee agendas, reports and minutes, and information about councillors. The system was purchased in 2009, becoming operational in 2010, and was supported via an annual maintenance contract with the ERS Group. The contract had been in place for 10 years and was due to be reviewed.
RESOLVED: That the Portfolio Holder be recommended to approve the renewal of the annual support contract for the Modern.gov system for a further five years, at an estimated cost of £50k.
The Committee considered the following reports on the Part 1 agenda for the meeting of the Executive on Wednesday 13th February 2019.
but to have measures in place to deal with the medium term financial position (2020/21 to 2022/23).
In response to a question, the Director of Finance confirmed that earlier in the day he had received notice that the disapplication request made to the DfE for the transfer of £1m from the Schools' Block to the High Needs Block of the Dedicated Schools Grant (DSG) had been refused. The Committee noted that as a result of this the recommendations to the Executive would require modification and these would be reported to the Executive on 13th February along with some other minor changes.
A Member raised some concerns around the process for scrutiny of the Schools' budget, and the £788k that had been received from the DfE in 2018/19 and 2019/20 to support high needs provision. In response to a question the Director of Finance confirmed that the funding shortfall of £212k (the difference between the £1m disapplication request and the £788k received from the DfE) would need to be addressed.
The Director of Finance explained that prior to 2014 the Government had funded high needs placements through the Schools' Budget. The latest guidance from the DfE was that high needs placements should continue to be funded through the Schools Budget and not through Council Tax. The implication of this was that there needed to be a plan in place to ensure that any deficit in high needs funding was addressed via the Schools' budget, not general Council tax. The disapplication request that was made to the DfE highlighted the Council's position that there was insufficient high needs funding. As a result of this the Council had agreed to make a contribution to high needs in recognition that any deficit could not be recovered from schools over three years. This council contribution had been agreed in spite of the DfE guidance and the disapplication request was to mitigate some of the additional costs the Council was incurring. For the purposes of clarity, the Director of Finance confirmed that the Council had given a commitment to fund £2m for high needs placements from the General Fund. The Committee requested a note be circulated following the meeting outlining for 2019/20 the amount of the High Needs Block and the Councils contribution for high needs which would equate to ... view the full minutes text for item 115.
· Prior on embarking on the role of Executive Assistant, Cllr Stevens had looked at areas where he could best add value.
· Using existing professional knowledge, Cllr Stevens had been involved the IT Transformation project, working with the Head of ICT to deliver the revised IT Strategy.
· Attention had now turned to the wider organisational transformation project which had commenced.
· Cllr Stevens was willing to lend his IT expertise to the wider organisational transformation project, although time pressure may be a limitation on involvement.
· On taking on the role there had been no established work programme or key performance indicators; instead there had been a lose framework setting out general areas of involvement. A Member suggested that establishing a work programme and key performance indicators might be something that the Constitutional Improvement Working Group may wish to review in order to provide a more structured framework against which value for money for the Executive Assistant allowance could be measured.
The Committee thanked the Executive Assistant for his update.
The Committee considered a report providing an update on Section 106 Agreements. The detail of every s.106 agreement was reflected in the appendices to the report with the appendices covering the period from March 2003 to date with details of over 356 sealed legal agreements.
In opening the discussion the Chairman noted that much of the Part 2 (exempt) report was a repetition of the information included in the Part 1 report. Noting that in the interests of transparency the aim was to have as much information in Part 1 as possible, the Chief Planner agreed to look at reducing the amount of information that was provided in future Part 2 reports.
In response to a question concerning utilising the funds that had been received in lieu of housing, the Chief Planner confirmed that £3.2m was available to the Housing Team. The Committee emphasised the need for more affordable housing in the Borough and Members stressed that any s.106 money received in lieu of housing needed to fund the provision of much needed affordable housing.
The Committee noted that the Council's Regeneration Team were developing a project at Norman Park running track that would utilise the £300k contribution towards sport that had been received as part of the Kent County Cricket Ground Application.
In respect of the Healthcare contributions, a Member noted that there had been delays in building a health centre in Bromley. Once built, this would be a valuable community resource and the Member stressed the need to ensure that the funding for such community resources was protected. The Director of Finance confirmed that there were mechanisms in place to ensure that the s.106 funds were utilised for health facilities.
In response to questions from Members, the Chief Planner confirmed that when s.106 obligations were agreed the relevant service area was immediately made aware of the obligation. There was a further notification when the money was received. In relation to s.106 funding for educational purposes, the Local Authority tied to ensure that there was flexibility with the use of the funding. However, sometimes there were geographical limitations written into agreements. The Committee noted that the use of s.106 funding was agreed using the same decision making process as other forms of Council spending.
Turing to the issue of the use of s.106 funding for health facilities, the Committee noted that when the Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL) came into operation there would not be as many limitations place on the use of funding and as a result of this there would be more open competition for funds. The Director of Finance highlighted that going forward this would be monitored. As a result of the changes currently being made to the structure of local Health Services, and the merger of Clinical Commissioning Groups into a larger regional organisation, would require close monitoring to ensure that resources received for facilities in Bromley remained in Bromley.
In response to a question concerning how s.106 funds could be spent, the Director ... view the full minutes text for item 117.
The Committee considered a report setting out the total expenditure on consultants in 2017/18 and expenditure to date for 2018/19 for both Revenue and Capital Budgets. The Council's Contract Procedure Rules set out the procurement process to be followed when appointing a consultant and there was guidance available to staff about what needed to be included in the formal agreement when engaging a consultant.
A Member noted that the tender procedure for contracts up to £5,000 stated "one oral quotation (confirmed in writing where the estimated cost or value exceeds £1,000)", it was suggested that all quotations should be confirmed in writing irrespective of value.
The Committee noted that there appeared to be a number of occasions where consultants had been engaged to undertake HR investigations where it had not been appropriate to conduct the investigation in-house. The Committee asked that details of the investigations be circulated to Members of the Committee following the meeting.
Action Point 26: That details of HR investigations conducted by external consultants be provided to Members of the Committee following the meeting.
The Committee noted that the cost of the St Olaves investigation conducted by Whatford Education Ltd had been met through the DSG.
In response to a question, the Director of Corporate Services confirmed that the Council had done all it could to protect itself against long-term income tax or national insurance liabilities.
Noting that the Eclipse Project had been terminated, Members asked the Assistant Director for Strategy, Performance and Engagement (ECHS) to confirm why costs of in excess of £63k had been incurred for a consultant as the costs seemed excessive for a system that was not being pursued.
The Committee also requested that following the meeting the Chief Planner confirm what planning appeal had incurred consultancy costs of £21k and £26k.
2. The report be referred onto individual PDS Committee for further consideration.
The Part 2 (exempt) minutes of the meeting held on 8th January 2019, were agreed, and signed as a correct record.
The Committee considered an addendum to the Section 106 Agreements: Update containing Part 2 (Exempt) information.


With baby proofing, I admit I haven't done as much as I should've... I've emptied out the bottom shelf on the bookshelf, taken out any floor lamps, vases, candlearbras and unstable coffee tables for the time being. I never went to the extent of fixing cabinets and bookshelves, etc to the walls b/c we rent. Oh, and I moved all the cleaning products and any other poisons to the tops of cupboards, just in case. I just keep a fairly good watch over her whenever she's on the loose and never let her out of my sight for more than a couple of minutes.
I've also been meaning to ask what you guys think I could do with an open fireplace? It's the one thing that she can get into in a second and it's so dangerous and FILTHY in there!
Christy - How frustrating that would've been for her to stop crying for your BIL!
Kathryn - with telling them 'no', is it actually meant to do anything yet? I swear that it just eggs Adara on more to do what it is I don't want. I tested her the other day as she was going for the dinner plates in the cupboard, she looked at me and I just smiled. She got closer and I still didn't say anything so she stopped and went for Andrew's shoelaces instead.
I forgot to tell you about Gymbaroo yesterday. She climbed up a staircase that went down again on the otherside. Of course I was worried when she got to the top but she sat herself up across the step, turned around and started to crawl backwards down the other side!!! =D> That was her 1st attempt going down!
LOL @ Adara, Mel. But i do notice that with Lachlan too, if I don't say anything he will go off and do something else instead. Kameron was really good though if you said no he would go away from it. Lachlan is starting to get there, but if he does it to often I will pick him up and distract him with something else. He is slowly getting better at not touching the dog food LMAO.
Mel - we have an open fireplace too... however it has a sort of wire mesh curtain that we can pull across... not that it will stop Aidyn if he is really trying. Have you thought of maybe putting a babygate across the opening? or would that be too wide? I was also considering using a large heavy box/chest thing to block it off, but then I ended up using it to protect the tv/playstation/laptop etc.
I have moved all of the cleaning and kitchen chemicals to the top shelf, but still need to go through our bathroom toiletries... maybe I should get some safety latches for the drawers... or maybe just keep the bathroom door shut!
Hi girls! We did have a good time at swimming! Matilda was great again, she loves the water so much.
Yesterday I found out the girl that has taken my place at the vet was "made redundant" ... and then my boss called to see if I could come in for a chat on Friday.... I hope they don't ask me to work more, or take on responsibilities... I think I'm doing all I can at the moment.
Felix is feeling much better today, but not eating, but what's new :smt102 we both had a much better night's sleep last night.
Aidyn sounds like he has REALLY taken off, Felix seems to ahve lost interest in crawling ATM, he just wants to stand all the time, and can now pull himself up on the coffe table and edge all the way around and reache to the couch and move over to there..!!It's abit scary as I don't want to leave him to do it alone! He still isn't crawing on all 4s yet!
Christy: don't you hate it when they are all smiles for other people and save their worse for you! Glad to hear the swimming is still going so well!!
Isn't that what Playgroups are for? to share the load and have a bit of break while the kids play with each other? good idea about the playpen, they'll have fun in there together!
Mel that is amazing about Adara and the staircase, Felix would get up I'm sure and cry for me at the top! I am worried about the new houses pot belly stove too, we'll have to look for a sturdy grill!
Kathryn Congrats on Lachlan's first cows milk!! hope he goes well with it!
The thing with the Chest x-ray is it doesn't make things any different for the time being, I just misheard the Specialist and thought he said it was clear. I haven't heard anything yet about the tests (which I think I would have it they were positive) and see the Paedrician (GC one) on Monday, will find out results then, and if negative will be most likely be doing the brochialoscopy next specialist appointment. My GP said the letter says if there is a problem with his health in the mean time they will review him sooner,(which is reassuring) but all that is happening ATM is the low weight and deep breathing, he is still happy and developing normally.
*sigh* sick of all these doctors and not knowing anything other than something is wrong!
He was weighed today, and gained 60 grams in 2 weeks, not great, but the MCHN said considering he has been sick it is great he didn't lose weight..I said I was hoping to get him to 8 kgs by 9 mths..he still only 7.8 and that's with the poly joule additive!
Anyhow I better go pack considering Felix is asleep!!
wow been around 24 hours since anyones posted! That must be a first for a while....I hope you & you bubs are all going well!
After two really good days for Matilda, today's not been as good...so I'm off to have a sleep., hopefully this one will go through!
It is good to read your posts but I am not able to post much at the moment. Asha is doing well and is 8 months old today. She was weighed yesterday and we have hit 8kgs! She is 68.5cms long and her HC is 43cms.
I havent been posting much because we have been so busy especially now I am working 3 days again. I think I might be over doing it slightly as I have been diagnosed with shingles today!!!!
Asha is almost crawling she took a couple of forward crawls yesterday but she still has no teeth!!! She loves swimming and spends a lot of time splashing!
Edited to add that we finished breastfeeding yesterday I am a bit sad about it but it had to be done as I have a weekend PD that I need to go to for work and I cant take Asha with me so she needs to get by without the boobie feeds!
Better go my back is killing me.
Wow @ Asha being 8mths old. Time flies. at both the Shingles and having to give up breastfeeding. I hope you feel better from the shingles soon.
As for me we were out with friends tonight and one said "wow Lachlan when did you get 5 teeth" and I was like 'What the ... " sure enough his 2nd middle tooth at the top is now showing. So we have 3 on top and 2 on bottom.
LOL, Lachlan would be a toothy twin to Aidyn then atm!!
Wow, I cant even imagine how busy you must be! Are you enjoying being back at work?? I hope the shingles get better soon too.
Anyway, I guess I dont have much else to post... have had a pretty busy day going out with friends, and then MIL this evening. It took hours to get Aidyn to sleep tonight, he was sooo overtired and crazy.
We are going looking at cars tomorrow, and I SO hope DP finds something that he likes/can afford... I am going stir crazy I think being stuck at home without one. Please for us!!
Ambah I've got everything crossed for you!!!
Hi Kelly great to hear from you and happy 8 mths to Asha! That is sad about having to give up BFing due to work, I am sure if I were in that sitution where I couldn't have Felix with me while I work, that I would be forced to do the same..I know it would make me feel very sad though BIG to you and hope you feel better soon with your shingles, you need some rest yourself!
Kathryn Hope Lachlan gets over his cold quickly, it is awful when they are so stuffly they can breathe through their noses!
Felix also has 5 teeth now, they sort of sprout in patches don't they?? I keep looking in there wondering if any more will appear as the 3 top ones just all followed each other! Looks scary now when he's coming for my BB's!
Ambah I have everything crossed for you too , as having a car would make your life SO much easier! I am not sure how you've managed it and stayed so positive! I would be going nuts by now!
Felix has been sleeping SO well the past few days, not sure if it because we have been at home all day long or because he is catching up from being sick, he even ate a few mouthfuls for lunch and a few more for dinner last night! :eat: YAY!
Ambah - Hope you found a car today!
Kathryn - Hope Lachlan's ok and doesn't get too sick... Wow at all the new teeth!
Christy - How you going on the homeopathic stuff? Did you end up going to the Dr? Hope you're feeling better lately.
Quick question about teeth - Adara's got 1 on the top, with another 2 ready to break through at any minute. It looks like she's going to have gaps btn her top teeth, is that normal?
Nearly used up all of my internet usage allowance for the month so I probably won't be able to come back that much in the next 10 days or so... Luckily Feb's only got 28 days! Gotta get an unlimited plan I think!
Hey Mel, don't worry about Adaras teeth just yet, they do move around a bit, looking for their place. I gotta get unlimited access too, I'm just worried about the $$$$ side of it. Another bloody bill!
Kelly, I bet there would be a homeopathic remedy that would be great for shingles. The shingles could be a good indication of stress on some level rising to the surface IYKWIM? take care of yourself O.K lady??!
mmm I actually got the homeopathic remedy for it for Matilda, since its the same virus that is in chicken pox...I'm giving it to Matilda tomorrow because her first day of day care is Monday.
Mel Felix's teeth look exactly the same, and as the other babies I've seen have the same I figure it's just what happens? His bottom teeth look so much closer tha the top, it's weird isn't it?
Christy: glad the tonic is working, does it have a name or do you just ask them for a "pick me up?" Hope everything goes well with Matilda's homeopathic vacination, let me know how it goes as if we find a good homeopath then we might go that way with it too!
We had an open house today, and HEAPS of people looking at applying, I felt a bit sad at leaving here, especially since it is where Felix first came home to...Felix loved all the little kids coming in the place, and was laughing non stop over two cute kids playing peekaboo with him.
SO much to still do but we are getting there slowly..better get back to it while Felix is sleeping!!


text:
The variable selling price | Science homework help
Refer to the Real Estate data, which report information on homes sold in the Phoenix, Arizona, area last year. Business Statistics.
Select the variable selling price.
Find the mean, median, and the standard deviation.
Write a brief summary of the distribution of selling prices.
Select the variable referring to the area of the home in square feet.
Write a brief summary of the distribution of the area of homes.
Develop a box plot. Estimate the first and the third quartiles. Are there any outliers?
Develop a scatter diagram with price on the vertical axis and the size of the home on the horizontal. Does there seem to be a relationship between these variables? Is the relationship direct or inverse?
Develop a scatter diagram with price on the vertical axis and distance from the center of the city on the horizontal axis. Does there seem to be a relationship between these variables? Is the relationship direct or inverse.
A. Create a probability distribution for the number of bedrooms. Compute the mean and the standard deviation of this distribution.
B. Create a probability distribution for the number of bathrooms. Compute the mean and the standard deviation of this distribution.
A. The mean selling price (in $ thousands) of the homes was computed earlier to be $221.10, with a standard deviation of $47.11. Use the normal distribution to estimate the percent of homes selling for more than $280.0. Compare this to the actual results. Does the normal distribution yield a good approximation of the actual results?
B. The mean distance from the center of the city is 14.629 miles with a standard deviation of 4.874 miles. Use the normal distribution to estimate the number of homes 18 or more miles but less than 22 miles from the center of the city. Compare this to the actual results. Does the normal distribution yield a good approximation of the actual results?
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text:
Department for International Trade launches public consultation on post-Brexit Trade Agreements
International Trade Secretary, Dr Liam Fox launches the UK Government's first ever public consultations on new trade agreements.
Image Reused under Open Government License © GOV.UK
The UK government's first ever public consultations on new trade agreements
4 open consultations on new trade agreements with; USA, Australia, New Zealand and UK's potential membership of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP).
Consultations will take views of "MPs, devolved governments, businesses, civil society groups and consumers."
The context of this public consultation is that "prospective" new trade agreements are required for the UK's trade future. In launching the consultation, Dr Liam Fox said "This is a hugely historic moment for the British people who voted to leave the European Union and take back control and the government is delivering exactly that on trade."
"This is a hugely historic moment for the British people who voted to leave the European Union and take back control and the government is delivering exactly that on trade."
Dr Liam Fox, International Trade Secretary.
Definition of a free trade agreement.
From the Gov.UK website - "A free trade agreement is an international agreement between two or more countries. It aims to remove or reduce barriers to trade and investment, so goods and services can move more freely. Free trade agreements can vary in scope. Areas that can be covered in free trade agreements include:
Reducing import taxes (known as tariffs)
Opening access for services trade by reducing (for example) regulatory barriers, investment barriers, or visa barriers preventing professionals from visiting countries to provide services
Improving access to government contracts abroad
Commitments to simplify and increase transparency of others' product regulations and protect the consumer
Increased access to agricultural or industrial goods markets
Protecting intellectual property rights and supporting innovation
Protection for workers"
Considerations for the cultural sector.
Do we need reciprocal agreements for touring / cultural services?
Or for (physical goods) cultural exports?
Would No Visa's and No Local Withholding Tax benefit the sector?
Culture Counts encourages the sector to contribute to any of the trade consultations they have capacity or interest in responding to. Responses are structured in a survey which can be accessed for each of the 4 consultations on the Gov.UK website. The deadline to respond is Friday 26 October 2018.
To keep up to date with consultations relevant to the art, screen, heritage and creative industries, sign up to Culture Counts Monthly.
Culture Counts will submit a response to these consultations. Core Members of Culture Counts can send us their views using the box below. Or email us with video or audio submissions to andy@culutrecounts.scot.
Member Organisation
NewsAndy Robertson July 24, 2018 brexit
Consultation on Progressing Children's Rights in Scotland
NewsAndy Robertson July 26, 2018
New British Council Report - Cultural Heritage for Inclusive Growth


May 17, 2012: The Innovation Fund, founded by the Lorain County Community College Foundation, is awarding $375,000 to six technology startup companies spread across five Northeast Ohio counties. The funding round, which is comprised of three $25,000 awards and three $100,000 awards, includes the first award winners from Lake and Stark counties. Other counties represented are Lorain, Cuyahoga, and Portage.
IGW Finance Alternative's web-based process allows retail stores to retain potentially lost credit sales through an alternative financing solution with extremely high returns.
QURA is developing a reagent kit product for the medical research and human diagnostic markets that allows for faster and more sensitive determination of the amount of protein or other small molecules in a biological sample compared to current available methods.
Paragon Robotics designs and manufactures building energy management products that improve energy efficiency by using a unique control system. Its initial product line will include heating, cooling, and lighting controls for commercial buildings.
Tesla NanoCoatings provides corrosion control coatings with fullerene carbon nanotube cathodic protection of metal to the aerospace/military, petrochemical, transportation, marine, and industrial markets.
In2une's social marketing platform is designed to sell the maximum number of live music event tickets, as well as high-margin on-night food, libation and merchandise in venue and the surrounding concert neighborhood.
Future Path Medical has developed a wireless sensor-based system that provides caregivers with real time data of urine output flow and core body temperature.
"The Innovation Fund has always been a regional fund for technology-based startups throughout the 21 counties of Northeast Ohio," says Dennis Cocco, co-director of GLIDE, the Edison Technology Incubator that administers the fund. "We are continuously working with our partners to reach companies throughout the region, making sure they're aware of the Innovation Fund and the opportunity it presents. We're pleased that this cycle included the first funded companies from Lake and Stark counties."
With this award cycle, the Innovation Fund has made 99 awards to 84 companies totaling $5.75 million.


text:
We are the Bristol branch of the Royal Scottish Country Dance Society (RSCDS), founded on 10th March 1962.
We hold weekly classes for experienced dancers and beginners, on Thursday evenings in term time. We also host several dances and other events every year in Bristol, England. We are registered charity number 1059608.
We hold an AGM every year around October in the interval of a Thursday class.
The Branch was formed on 10th March 1962 when several members of the Westbury Scottish Club, together with Caledonians and others, met at 13 Orchard Street and formed a committee where the Branch was proposed.
A beginners' class started on the 17th March with 32 members. By October there were several classes and 93 members.
From 1965 there were 5 varied classes, a weekend school and an annual Ball. The ticket price was 15 shillings and 6 pence, Jimmy Blair was the band, and there were 200 dancers. Roughly this pattern existed until 1973, when something like the present structure of Committee and Classes appeared.
The Committee consists of:
• CHAIRMAN, elected for a THREE year period, following ONE year holding the post of CHAIRMAN ELECT;
• SECRETARY, elected each year, for a maximum of four consecutive years.
• TREASURER, elected each year, for a maximum of four consecutive years.
• FOUR COMMITTEE MEMBERS, each elected for a two year period.
The Bristol Branch current constitution (as amended 19 Oct 2017) can be downloaded.
Our Constitution and Policies
The Bristol Branch has policies for:-
Refund of dance and day school deposits
Health and safety statement
The holding of financial reserves
Safeguarding vulnerable people policy
Safeguarding vulnerable people guidelines and procedures
Our Register of Policies is also available
Secretary: info@rscdsbristol.info
Tickets: tickets@rscdsbristol.info
Where we dance
In normal times we dance at St Monica's, Henleaze, Bristol on a Thursday evening.
Website by The Digital Grapevine. Website build, Thornbury, Bristol


text:
Computer modelling the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem
Download (pdf, 47.92 MB)
Victoria Jane Bennett
School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UNITED KINGDOM.
At present, the viability of biodiversity in most of the remaining natural areas of the world is primarily threatened by human encroachment. This has led to an increased demand for active conservation. However, in order to devise and implement appropriate management strategies for a particular area, a specific understanding of ecosystem function is required. Creating a simulation model using available research data may provide a way to achieve this.
In this thesis, the construction of a comprehensive model delineating the dynamics of the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem is initiated. Using the abundance of research data collected on this ecosystem over the last 40 years, the processes involved in setting-up such a model are investigated. First, a basic foundation, accommodating the spatial and temporal variation in climate and physiography across the Serengeti region, is established. The relationship between grass growth and rainfall is then incorporated, along with the mechanisms concerned with limiting grass availability, the subsequent survival and recruitment of grazing herbivores and finally, the influence of predation upon those herbivores.
The model, even in these early stages of development, adequately depicted dynamics equivalent to those in the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem, indicating that the methods used were appropriate. It was found that grass availability was not the primary factor influencing the overall dynamics of grazing herbivores within the ecosystem, and only migratory wildebeest appeared to be strongly influenced by this factor throughout the time-scale of the model. It was suggested that other factors were responsible for regulating the majority of herbivore populations. By identifying where further research is required to increase our understanding of this particular ecosystem's function, the model demonstrates its effectiveness as an analytical tool. For the long-term conservation of the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem and other similar ecosystems, this reveals that the construction of such models is certainly beneficial, if not essential.


text:
package bita
package schedulegeneration

/**
 * @author Samira Tasharofi (tasharo1@illinois.edu)
 */

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import akka.dispatch.Envelope
import scala.collection.mutable.HashSet
import akka.pattern.PromiseActorRef
import java.io.File
import java.io.FileWriter
import scala.collection.mutable.HashMap
import scala.annotation.tailrec
import ScheduleOptimization._
import criteria._
import scala.collection.SortedMap
import bita.util.MessageHelper._

/**
 * Generates schedules for PR criterion.
 */
object PRScheduleGenerator extends ScheduleGenerator {

  logger = new Logger("PRSchedGen")
  logger.enable = false

  criterion = PRCriterion
  var coveredPairs: HashSet[(Int, Int)] = _

  def generateSchedules(name: String, randomTracesPath: Array[String], generatedSchedulesPath: String,
    optimization: ScheduleOptimization = REORDER_TAIL): Array[String] = {

    logger.logLine("==================================================")
    logger.logLine("Genarting schedule for optmization: " + optimization)
    logger.logLine("==================================================")

    var randomTraces = for (traceFile <- randomTracesPath) yield Trace.parse(traceFile, true)

    coveredPairs = HashSet[(Int, Int)]()

    updateCoveredPairs(randomTraces)

    val newTraces =

      optimization match {

        case NONE => generateSchedules_NONE(randomTraces, PRCriterion)

        case REORDER_TAIL => generateSchedules_REORDER_TAIL(randomTraces)

        case MAX_INDEPENDENT => generateSchedules_MAX_INDEPENDENT(randomTraces)
      }

    var generatedScheduleFile = generatedSchedulesPath + name + "-%s-schedule.txt"

    var schedules = ArrayBuffer[String]()
    var index = 1
    for (newTrace <- newTraces) {
      var scheduleFileName = generatedScheduleFile.format(index)
      newTrace.outputTrace(scheduleFileName)
      schedules.+=(scheduleFileName)
      index += 1
    }

    return schedules.toArray
  }

  /**
   * Considers initial traces that improve coverage domain estimation.
   */
  def getUsefulTraces(randomTracesPath: Array[String]): HashMap[String, Trace] = {

    var estimatedCoveredPairs = HashSet[(Int, Int)]()
    var usefulTraces = HashMap[String, Trace]()
    for (traceFile <- randomTracesPath) {
      var trace = Trace.parse(traceFile, true) // parse the trace by filling the hash codes

      var traceCoverage = 0
      for (i <- 0 to trace.size - 1) {
        for (j <- i + 1 to trace.size - 1) {
          var eventI = trace.getEvent(i)
          var eventJ = trace.getEvent(j)
          val pair = (eventJ.hashCodeInTrace, eventI.hashCodeInTrace)
          val reversePair = (eventI.hashCodeInTrace, eventJ.hashCodeInTrace)

          if (criterion.satisfy(trace, i, j) && canBeReordered(i, j, trace) &&
            !estimatedCoveredPairs.contains(pair) && !estimatedCoveredPairs.contains(reversePair)) {
            estimatedCoveredPairs.+=(pair)
            traceCoverage += 1
          }
        }
      }
      if (traceCoverage == 0) {
        logger.logLine("The number of useful traces is %s which less than the number of real traces %s".format(usefulTraces.size, randomTracesPath.length))
        logger.logLine("Estimated covearge is: " + estimatedCoveredPairs.size)
        return usefulTraces
      } else {
        usefulTraces.+=(traceFile -> trace)
        logger.logLine("Including the trace " + traceFile + " which adds " + traceCoverage + " to the covearge")
      }
    }
    logger.logLine("All of the traces are useful")
    logger.logLine("Estimated covearge is: " + estimatedCoveredPairs.size)

    return usefulTraces
  }

  /*
 *   ************************************************************************************************
 *   ********************************   MAX_INDEPENDENT  ********************************************
 *   ************************************************************************************************
 */
  /**
   * Generates schedules while applying MAX_INDEPENDENT optimization
   */
  private def generateSchedules_MAX_INDEPENDENT(traces: Array[Trace]): ArrayBuffer[Trace] = {
    val generatedTraces: ArrayBuffer[Trace] = new ArrayBuffer[Trace]
    var estimatedTailCoverage = 0

    for (trace <- traces) {
      val length = trace.size

      /*
       * Considers the pairs as far as possible in the trace
       * to obtain longer possible tail. i starts from the beginning and
       * j starts from end of trace.
       */
      for (i <- 0 to length - 1) {

        for (j <- length - 1 to i + 1 by -1) {
          var eventI = trace.getEvent(i)
          var eventJ = trace.getEvent(j)
          var eventIID = eventI.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage].originalCreatorID
          var eventJID = eventJ.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage].originalCreatorID
          val pair = (eventJ.hashCodeInTrace, eventI.hashCodeInTrace) //((eventJID, eventIID))

          if (criterion.satisfy(trace, i, j) && canBeReordered(i, j, trace) && !coveredPairs.contains(pair)) {
            logger.logLine("New Schedule " + (generatedTraces.size + 1))
            logger.logLine("Reorder %s \n and \n  %s".format(eventI, eventJ))

            var newTrace = reorderAndGenerate(i, j, trace, i - 1, true)
            var relaxedPointIndex = newTrace.getRelaxedIndex

            newTrace = reorderTail_MAX_INDEPENDENT(newTrace, i, relaxedPointIndex)
            newTrace.setRelaxedIndex(relaxedPointIndex)

            generatedTraces.+=(newTrace)
            if (generatedTraces.size == maxSchedule) {
              return generatedTraces
            }
          } else if (coveredPairs.contains(pair)) {
            logger.logLine("---- Skip generating schedule, the pairs %s are already covered".format(pair))
          }
        }
      }
    }

    return generatedTraces
  }

  /**
   * Reorders the tail while applying MAX_INDEPENDENT optimization.
   */
  private def reorderTail_MAX_INDEPENDENT(trace: Trace, startIndex: Int, tailIndex: Int): Trace = {
    val length = trace.getTrace.size

    /*
     * i starts from beginning and j starts from end of the tail because of
     * MAX_INDEPENDENT optimization.
     */
    for (i <- tailIndex to length - 1) {
      for (j <- length - 1 to i + 1 by -1) {

        var eventI = trace.getEvent(i)
        var eventJ = trace.getEvent(j)
        var messageI = eventI.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage]
        var messageJ = eventJ.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage]
        val pair = (eventJ.hashCodeInTrace, eventI.hashCodeInTrace)

        if (criterion.satisfy(trace, i, j) && canBeReordered(i, j, trace) && !coveredPairs.contains(pair)) {
          logger.logLine("++++++ %s and %s are furhter reordered ".format((messageI.message + messageI.originalCreatorID.toString()),
            messageJ.message + messageJ.originalCreatorID.toString()))
          var newTrace = reorderAndGenerate(i, j, trace, i - 1, true)
          return reorderTail_MAX_INDEPENDENT(newTrace, startIndex, newTrace.getRelaxedIndex)
        }
        if (coveredPairs.contains(pair))
          logger.logLine("!!!!! The pair %s are not further reordred since they are already covered".format(pair))
      }
    }

    updateCoveredPairs(trace, startIndex, tailIndex)

    /*
     * Optimization: if reordering events in the tail does not lead to
     * covering more uncovered orderings, cut it from the trace.
     */
    trace.cutTraceEnd(tailIndex)

    return trace
  }

  /*
 *   ************************************************************************************************
 *   ********************************   REORDER_TAIL  ***********************************************
 *   ************************************************************************************************
 */
  /**
   * Generates schedules while applying REORDER_TAIL optimization
   */
  private def generateSchedules_REORDER_TAIL(traces: Array[Trace]): ArrayBuffer[Trace] = {

    val generatedTraces: ArrayBuffer[Trace] = new ArrayBuffer[Trace]
    var estimatedTailCoverage = 0

    for (trace <- traces) {
      val length = trace.getTrace.size
      for (i <- 0 to length - 1) {
        for (j <- i + 1 to length - 1) {

          var eventI = trace.getEvent(i)
          var eventJ = trace.getEvent(j)
          var eventIID = eventI.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage].originalCreatorID
          var eventJID = eventJ.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage].originalCreatorID
          val pair = (eventJ.hashCodeInTrace, eventI.hashCodeInTrace)

          if (criterion.satisfy(trace, i, j) && canBeReordered(i, j, trace) && !coveredPairs.contains(pair)) {
            var newTrace = reorderAndGenerate(i, j, trace, i - 1, true)

            logger.logLine("New Schedule  %s for pair %s".format((generatedTraces.size + 1), pair))

            var relaxedPointIndex = newTrace.getRelaxedIndex

            newTrace = reorderTail_REORDER_TAIL(newTrace, i, relaxedPointIndex)

            newTrace.setRelaxedIndex(relaxedPointIndex)

            generatedTraces.+=(newTrace)

            if (generatedTraces.size == maxSchedule) {
              return generatedTraces
            }

          } else if (coveredPairs.contains(pair))
            logger.logLine("---- skip generating schedule, the pairs %s are already covered".format(pair))

        }
      }
    }
    return generatedTraces
  }

  /**
   * Reorders the tail while applying REORDER_TAIL heuristic.
   */
  private def reorderTail_REORDER_TAIL(trace: Trace, startIndex: Int, tailIndex: Int): Trace = {
    val length = trace.getTrace.size

    for (i <- tailIndex to length - 1) {
      for (j <- i + 1 to length - 1) {
        var eventI = trace.getEvent(i)
        var eventJ = trace.getEvent(j)
        var messageI = eventI.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage]
        var messageJ = eventJ.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage]
        val pair = (eventJ.hashCodeInTrace, eventI.hashCodeInTrace)

        if (criterion.satisfy(trace, i, j) && canBeReordered(i, j, trace) && !coveredPairs.contains(pair)) {
          logger.logLine("+++++ %s and %s are furhter reordered ".format((messageI.message + messageI.originalCreatorID.toString()),
            messageJ.message + messageJ.originalCreatorID.toString()))
          var newTrace = reorderAndGenerate(i, j, trace, i - 1, true)
          addToCoveredPairs(pair)
          return reorderTail_REORDER_TAIL(newTrace, startIndex, newTrace.getRelaxedIndex)
        } else if (coveredPairs.contains(pair))
          logger.logLine("!!!!! the pair %s are not further reordred since they are already covered".format(pair))
      }
    }

    updateCoveredPairs(trace, startIndex, tailIndex)

    /*
     * Optimization: if reordering events in the tail does not lead to
     * covering more uncovered orderings, cut it from the trace.
     */
    trace.cutTraceEnd(tailIndex)
    return trace
  }

  /*
 *   ************************************************************************************************
 *   ********************************   NONE          ***********************************************
 *   ************************************************************************************************
 */
  /**
   * Generates schedules without applying any optimizations. Each generated schedule
   * covers one uncovered ordering.
   */
  private def generateSchedules_NONE(traces: Array[Trace], criterion: Criterion): ArrayBuffer[Trace] = {
    val generatedTraces: ArrayBuffer[Trace] = new ArrayBuffer[Trace]
    var traceCount = 0

    for (trace <- traces) {
      val length = trace.getTrace.size
      var saturated = true
      for (i <- 0 to length - 1) {
        for (j <- i + 1 to length - 1) {
          var eventI = trace.getEvent(i)
          var eventJ = trace.getEvent(j)
          var eventIID = eventI.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage].originalCreatorID
          var eventJID = eventJ.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage].originalCreatorID
          val pair = (eventJ.hashCodeInTrace, eventI.hashCodeInTrace) //((eventJID, eventIID))

          if (criterion.satisfy(trace, i, j) && canBeReordered(i, j, trace) && !coveredPairs.contains(pair)) {

            var newTrace = reorderAndGenerate(i, j, trace, i - 1, false)
            var relaxedPointIndex = newTrace.getRelaxedIndex

            generatedTraces.+=(newTrace)
            updateCoveredPairs(Array(newTrace), i)
            saturated = false
            traceCount += 1
            if (generatedTraces.size == maxSchedule) return generatedTraces
          } else if (coveredPairs.contains(pair))
            logger.logLine("the pair %s are already covered".format(pair))
        }
      }
    }

    return generatedTraces
  }

  private def addToCoveredPairs(pair: (Int, Int)) {
    coveredPairs.+=(pair)
  }

  private def updateCoveredPairs(traces: Array[Trace], startIndex: Int = 0): Int = {
    logger.logLine("calling update pairs")
    var lastUsefulIndex = 0

    for (trace <- traces) {
      val length = trace.size
      for (i <- startIndex to length - 1) {
        for (j <- i + 1 to length - 1) {
          var eventI = trace.getEvent(i)
          var eventJ = trace.getEvent(j)
          var eventIID = eventI.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage].originalCreatorID
          var eventJID = eventJ.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage].originalCreatorID
          val pair = (eventI.hashCodeInTrace, eventJ.hashCodeInTrace)
          if (criterion.satisfy(trace, i, j) && canBeReordered(i, j, trace) &&
            !coveredPairs.contains(pair)) {
            coveredPairs.+=(pair)
            lastUsefulIndex = j
          }
        }
      }
    }

    return lastUsefulIndex
  }

  private def updateCoveredPairs(trace: Trace, startIndex: Int, tailIndex: Int) {
    logger.logLine("calling update pairs")
    val length = trace.size
    for (i <- startIndex to tailIndex) {
      for (j <- i + 1 to length - 1) {

        var eventI = trace.getEvent(i)
        var eventJ = trace.getEvent(j)
        var eventIMessage = eventI.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage]
        var eventJMessage = eventJ.message.asInstanceOf[LogicalMessage]

        if (j <= tailIndex || eventJMessage.creatorID.creatorIndex < tailIndex) {
          val pair =
            (eventI.hashCodeInTrace, eventJ.hashCodeInTrace)
          if (criterion.satisfy(trace, i, j) && canBeReordered(i, j, trace)) {
            coveredPairs.+=(pair)
          }
        }
      }
    }

  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This is the last of a series of events on Thursday, March 1st, in which people gathered at Frank Ogawa Plaza and gave their blessings to the marchers who will embark on a four day journey on foot to Sacramento to protest for their rights to have access to higher education. Their first day ended at Richmond.
Kelly Fang, and Anya Schultz filmed the send-off at Frank Ogawa Plaza. Cecilia Wong edited the video.