text:
Mayo Flynt, president AT&T Mississippi, speaks about fiber technology at the Max D. Hipp Industrial Park, in Oxford, Miss. on Monday, March 21, 2016.
Industrial park offers fiber-ready technology
By Alyssa Schnugg
Published 12:00 pm Tuesday, March 22, 2016
The Max D. Hipp Lafayette County Industrial Park is one of two in Mississippi that has been certified by AT&T as fiber ready — a designation that economic development leaders hope will help attract new industries to the park and create more jobs in Lafayette County.
On Monday, city, county and AT&T officials gath- ered inside the park to make the formal announcement. The park is home to Caterpillar, SWM Company, Elliot Lumber Co., Winchester Rim Fire and Center Fire, Ability Works and more. There are currently 250 acres open for future businesses.
Having the new AT&T Fiber Ready designation is another way to market the park to industries all over the world, said AT&T Mississippi President Mayo Flynt.
"It's a proactive step to marketing the park by allowing them to use our brand and our name to show that the park is equipped with high-speed data infrastructure," Flynt said.
Flynt, a University of Mississippi graduate, lived in Oxford as a child and his parents currently still live in Oxford. He said his ties to Oxford and Lafayette County made him especially excited to work with the city and the county in having the industrial park receive the Fiber Ready designation, which is a new program for AT&T.
The underground fiber for high-speed data transition has been in place for "a while;" however, Flynt said the designation program is another tool for the Oxford and Lafayette County Chamber of Commerce and Economic Development Foundation to market the park by show- ing a true partnership between AT&T and the city and county.
Jon Maynard, president of the chamber and EDF, said he has seen more requests for information from companies recently, asking about the park's ability to handle high-speed data. "Data infrastructure has become just as important as water, roads, electricity and other infrastructure," he said.
Lafayette County Board of Supervisors President Jeff Busby said the designation would enhance the park's marketability.
"We look forward to filling the park with potential employers," he said Monday.
Flynt said AT&T has spent $950 million between 2012 and 2014 to upgrade its technology in Mississippi. "Much of it are things you don't see," he said. "Everyone sees cell towers, but it's the underground infrastructure people don't see. Today is a celebration in a way, so everyone knows there are fiber optics in the ground, ready and available to this park and its customers now, and potential customers around the world."
Mayor Pat Patterson said the designation is crucial in bringing industry to the area.
"I'm not going to pretend I understand fiber technology but I do know a little about finance and the economic impact of having a top-tier industrial park," he said. "It's a goal everyone can agree on and work toward the benefit of all concerned."
Portion of shooting range shut down amid concerns
The owner of a local gun range has voluntarily shut down a portion of his business following complaints from neighbors... read more


text:
Settlement may lead to more housing for disabled
A settlement reached this week in a civil-rights lawsuit between a group of disabled San Franciscans and The City could change the way patients are rehabilitated back into the community.
The preliminary settlement — announced in a news release sent out Tuesday by the Department of Public Health — requires The City to provide 500 units of accessible housing over the next five years, so patients ready to be released from Laguna Honda Hospital and Rehabilitation Center can find a place to live with the services they need, a requirement under the Americans with Disabilities Act.
The case stems from a lawsuit filed in October 2006 that included more than 1,000 plaintiffs. The first named plaintiff, Mark Chambers, said Tuesday that he was delighted to hear that he would be given an opportunity to "live in the world."
According to the complaint, Chambers, 48, entered Laguna Honda in 1999. He spent more than six years rehabilitating from a traumatic brain injury and a seizure disorder. After adapting to his wheelchair and computerized communication device, he and his caretakers felt it was time to move out of the isolated hospital.
Chambers was "desperate" to leave and take up photography and astronomy again, but there was nowhere for him to go, he said.
The preliminary settlement requires the approval of the Baord of Supervisors, the Health Commission and the court.
"There's not a whole lot of disagreement," Marc Slavin with Laguna Honda said. "Everyone agrees that increasing opportunities for independent living is a good thing."
According to Slavin, the outpatient program will actually cost The City less. After federal and statefunding, The City pays about $1,000 per month. Taking care of the same patient costs The City three times that much at Laguna Honda, Slavin said.
bbegin@examiner.com
Markets, VMware up at close of trading
SF interior design firm changes name

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Variable declaration in a C# switch statement Why is it that in a C# switch statement, for a variable used in multiple cases, you only declare it in the first case?
For example, the following throws the error "A local variable named 'variable' is already defined in this scope".
switch (Type)
{
    case Type.A:
            string variable = "x";
                break;
    case Type.B:
            string variable = "y";
                break;
}

However, per the logic, the initial declaration should not be hit if the type is Type.B. Do all variables within a switch statement exist in a single scope, and are they created/allocated before any logic is processed?

A: I believe it has to do with the overall scope of the variable, it is a block level scope that is defined at the switch level.
Personally if you are setting a value to something inside a switch in your example for it to really be of any benefit, you would want to declare it outside the switch anyway.

A: Yes, the scope is the entire switch block - unfortunately, IMO. You can always add braces within a single case, however, to create a smaller scope. As for whether they're created/allocated - the stack frame has enough space for all the local variables in a method (leaving aside the complexities of captured variables). It's not like that space is allocated during the method's execution.

A: If you want a variable scoped to a particular case, simply enclose the case in its own block:
switch (Type)
{
    case Type.A:
    {
        string variable = "x";
        /* Do other stuff with variable */
    }
    break;

    case Type.B:
    {
        string variable = "y";
        /* Do other stuff with variable */
    }
    break;
}

A: Because their scope is at the switch block.  The C# Language Specification states the following:

The scope of a local variable or constant declared in a switch block is the switch block.

A: The variables do share scope in the C# compiler. However, scope doesn't exist in the same way in CIL. As for actual creation / initialization... the .NET memory model lets the compiler move reads / writes a bit as long as simple rules are followed unless the variable is marked as volatile.

A: The initialization takes place in the case, but the declaration is effectively done at the top of the scope.
(Psuedo-code)
switch (Type)
{
string variable;

    case Type.A:
            variable = "x";
                break;
    case Type.B:
            variable = "y";
                break;
}

A: switch is a really primitive procedural implementation that has been around since the ages of C itself (even before C++).
The whole switch is a block that serves as a scope-contained GOTO: (hence the : in each case). If you took some assembler classes, that might seem familiar.
That is why switch use is most helpful when combining with Enums and not using break in every single case like
switch(mood)
{
    case Mood.BORED:
    case Mood.HAPPY:
        drink(oBeer) // will drink if bored OR happy
break;

    case Mood.SAD: // unnecessary but proofs a concept
    default:
        drink(oCoffee)
break;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Speakout: What was your most enjoyable summer activity?
Speakout: What do you think about Heelan's decision to put the word "Pride" on the back their football helmets?
Speakout: What do you think about Donald Trump's changing rhetoric on immigration?
Speakout: What are your thoughts about the possibility of life on other planets?
Speakout: What do you think about Donald Trump's call for a special prosecutor to investigate Hillary Clinton?
Speakout: What do you think about public displays of the "In God We Trust" motto?
Speakout: What should college students know about dorm living?
Speakout: What do you think is the future of mixed martial arts?
Speakout: What event are you still looking forward to watching in the Olympics?
Speakout: What has been the most exciting part of the Olympics?
Speakout: What kind of restaurant does Sioux City need?
Speakout: What do you remember about your first day of school?
Speakout: What is your opinion of the Libertarian Party?
Speakout: What is your favorite vacation destination?
Speakout: What did you think of Mike Pence's visit in Sioux City?
Speakout: What do you think about the possible role of female deacons in the Catholic church?
Speakout: What's your favorite Summer Olympic sport, and why?
Speakout: What's your view of the $400 million payment made by the Obama administration to Iran?
Speakout: What is your favorite carnival or amusement park ride and why?
Speakout: Where do we need more housing?
Speakout: How many problems do area railroad crossings pose?
Speakout: What has been your favorite concert this summer?
Speakout: How well was Hillary Clinton's speech received at the Democratic National Convention?
Speakout: What do you think of the judges decision to release John Hinckley Jr.?
Speakout: Which of the three War Eagle Conference teams - Hinton, West Sioux or Remsen St. Mary's - is best and why?
Speakout: Which national convention - Republican or Democratic - is more exciting and why?
Speakout: What do you like best about RAGBRAI?
Speakout: What are you doing to show your support for law enforcement officers?
Speakout: How much of a presence should Bernie Sanders have at the Democratic National Convention?


In that serie our selection concept has not been sufficient. We've processed and devised every fly selecting the right hook for each type and size.
The Special serie is the ideal selection for every fishing situation.


dc.identifier.citation Zadnik, Sara and Van Bronswijk, Wilhelm and Frick, Amanda A. and Fritz, Patrick and Lewis, Simon W. 2013. Fingermark simulants and their inherent problems: A comparison with latent fingermark deposits. Journal of Forensic Identification. 63 (5): pp. 593-608.
Commercially available fingermark simulants werecompared to latent fingermark deposits to assess their efficacy asstandards for a quality control assessment of fingermark developmentreagents. Deposits of the simulants and latent fingermarks were madeon paper substrates and were developed using reagents that targetamino acids (ninhydrin, 1,2-indanedione) and sebaceous secretions(Oil Red O, physical developer). The resulting marks were comparedfor visibility and color. Significant differences were observed betweenthe simulants and latent fingermarks in response to the fingermarkdevelopment reagents. Infrared spectroscopic analysis of the simulantscompared to untreated latent fingermarks revealed differencesin chemical composition. These results indicate that these simulantsare not well suited as quality control standards in forensic laboratoriesand should be used with extreme caution in any form of research intolatent fingermark detection.


Terri, a well written re-cap of lifes events that led you to this happy place. Anyone in need of a "Life Coach" must take this journey to find their place of peace and fulfillment. What an incredible opportunity.
Thank you, a very timely blogg! I just started contemplating abundance this morning... Will play around with the abundance excercises you write about!


text:
.class Landroid/widget/MediaController$4;
.super Ljava/lang/Object;
.source "MediaController.java"

# interfaces
.implements Ljava/lang/Runnable;

# annotations
.annotation system Ldalvik/annotation/EnclosingClass;
    value = Landroid/widget/MediaController;
.end annotation

.annotation system Ldalvik/annotation/InnerClass;
    accessFlags = 0x0
    name = null
.end annotation

# instance fields
.field final synthetic this$0:Landroid/widget/MediaController;

# direct methods
.method constructor <init>(Landroid/widget/MediaController;)V
    .locals 0

    iput-object p1, p0, Landroid/widget/MediaController$4;->this$0:Landroid/widget/MediaController;

    invoke-direct {p0}, Ljava/lang/Object;-><init>()V

    return-void
.end method

# virtual methods
.method public run()V
    .locals 6

    iget-object v1, p0, Landroid/widget/MediaController$4;->this$0:Landroid/widget/MediaController;

    invoke-static {v1}, Landroid/widget/MediaController;->-wrap0(Landroid/widget/MediaController;)I

    move-result v0

    iget-object v1, p0, Landroid/widget/MediaController$4;->this$0:Landroid/widget/MediaController;

    invoke-static {v1}, Landroid/widget/MediaController;->-get3(Landroid/widget/MediaController;)Z

    move-result v1

    if-nez v1, :cond_0

    iget-object v1, p0, Landroid/widget/MediaController$4;->this$0:Landroid/widget/MediaController;

    invoke-static {v1}, Landroid/widget/MediaController;->-get6(Landroid/widget/MediaController;)Z

    move-result v1

    if-eqz v1, :cond_0

    iget-object v1, p0, Landroid/widget/MediaController$4;->this$0:Landroid/widget/MediaController;

    invoke-static {v1}, Landroid/widget/MediaController;->-get4(Landroid/widget/MediaController;)Landroid/widget/MediaController$MediaPlayerControl;

    move-result-object v1

    invoke-interface {v1}, Landroid/widget/MediaController$MediaPlayerControl;->isPlaying()Z

    move-result v1

    if-eqz v1, :cond_0

    iget-object v1, p0, Landroid/widget/MediaController$4;->this$0:Landroid/widget/MediaController;

    iget-object v2, p0, Landroid/widget/MediaController$4;->this$0:Landroid/widget/MediaController;

    invoke-static {v2}, Landroid/widget/MediaController;->-get5(Landroid/widget/MediaController;)Ljava/lang/Runnable;

    move-result-object v2

    rem-int/lit16 v3, v0, 0x3e8

    rsub-int v3, v3, 0x3e8

    int-to-long v4, v3

    invoke-virtual {v1, v2, v4, v5}, Landroid/widget/MediaController;->postDelayed(Ljava/lang/Runnable;J)Z

    :cond_0
    return-void
.end method

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
News > Racing > Renezeder Redeems Tough Weekend With Runner Up Finish
Renezeder Redeems Tough Weekend With Runner Up Finish
Aug 31, 2010 by admin
One week ago today, Carl Renezeder and crew got set up at Glen Helen Raceway, full of optimism that the tough season they've had so far would finally turn around. The weekend hosted rounds nine and ten of the Lucas Oil Off Road Racing Series, and even with some positive highlights, the team loaded up in the very early hours of Monday morning with the burden of several disappointing results on their minds.
All three days – practice and qualifying on Friday and racing on Saturday and Sunday – had their stellar moments. Of the five times the Pro-2 took to the track, Renezeder was quick time in four sessions, including Friday's qualifying and Saturday's race. He finished second in Sunday's race after an eighth place start and posted the second quickest ime of the race while working through traffic. He was also second quick in his Pro-4 in all three sessions on Friday, and quick time of Sunday's race, while working on the lead. He ultimately made the pass for the lead on lap 19 but never made it back to the start/finish line. That's where the string of positives ends.
The Pro-4 seemed to take the brunt of the bad luck throughout the weekend. Renezeder hooked the cushion in turn three during practice on Friday and ended up on the roof. In Saturday's race, he was t-boned in the air and rolled through the rhythm section. Then, coming through the final turn in Sunday's race while leading, on his way to take the white flag, he hooked the outside cushion again and finished the day on the roof. Renezeder had his share of bad moments in the Pro-2 as well. Most were minor, but the worst was his eighth-place finish on Saturday due to a black flag on lap eight of 20 when contact with Greg Adler at the end of the "doubles" rhythm section resulted in Adler rolling in turn three.
"I felt really bad that he ended up with a wrecked truck," explained a remorseful Renezeder. "I had already committed to doubling out of the rhythm section when he checked up for the last jump to take the inside line. I had nowhere to go. I was on the Renezeder Redeems Tough Weekend With Runner Up Finish brakes when I landed, but it was too late. I told my spotter right away to tell his spotter I was sorry, but that obviously doesn't fix his truck." It was a tough track to tame, and several drivers found themselves upside-down. Some wrecks were worse than others, and everyone in the short-course community has been relieved to hear that Robbie Pierce will make a full recovery after his huge wreck on Sunday night. Sometimes it's the body that gets bruised pretty badly, but more often than not it's the ego and confidence that take the biggest hits. If only they made, stitches, salves, pain relievers and bandages for those…
Tags: carl renezeder, champion, loorrs, lucas oil, racing, short course, tr17, trucks, u2, u4


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;

namespace Calculator.GestureRecognizer
{
    [Serializable]
    public sealed class Gesture : ISerializable
    {
        public IEnumerable<Stroke> Strokes { get; }
        public int NumberOfStrokes => Strokes.Count();
        public string Name { get; }
        private const int SamplingResolution = 32;

        public Gesture(IEnumerable<Stroke> strokes, string gestureName = "")
        {
            var strokeArray = strokes.ToArray();

            Name = gestureName;
            Strokes = strokeArray
                .Scale()
                .TranslateTo(strokeArray.Controid())
                .ToArray()
                .Resample(SamplingResolution);
        }

        #region ISerializable
        private Gesture(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
        {
            if(info == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(info));

            Name = info.GetString("name");
            Strokes = (Stroke[])info.GetValue("strokes", typeof(Stroke[]));
        }

        public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
        {
            if(info == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(info));

            info.AddValue("name", Name);
            info.AddValue("strokes", Strokes.ToArray());
        }
        #endregion
    }
}


text:
Partnership for Los Angeles Schools Endorses Measure EE
On June 4th, 2019, voters in Los Angeles will have the opportunity to more adequately fund public education for over 600,000 students in LA Unified. We at the Partnership for Los Angeles Schools encourage Angelenos across the city to seize this opportunity and vote YES on the parcel tax. Measure EE, a 16-cent, per-square-foot progressive parcel tax, would raise approximately $500 million annually for the second largest school district in the nation, making a demonstrable impact for the future of Los Angeles. LA Unified serves over 410,000 low-income students and nearly 18,000 homeless youth. The current budget of approximately $16,000 per student is sorely insufficient to prepare every child to thrive in the college and career of their choice. Thankfully, Measure EE will help Los Angeles build a more equitable education system.
The Partnership was founded with the belief that a city is only as good as its public schools. The public education system across the state does not do enough to support the success of all students, particularly low-income students and students of color. Unfortunately, the students least well-served by our education system are those who live in neighborhoods like Watts, South LA, and Boyle Heights — communities rich in resilience and talent but lacking the necessary resources to support every students' goals and dreams.
It is undeniable that school funding in California is wholly inadequate. We rank near the bottom in per-pupil spending nationally and fall billions of dollars short of what states like New York and Massachusetts provide. Even worse, unlike many cities in California, Los Angeles does not supplement its limited state funding with any local taxes to support the day-to-day operation of schools. We know that making a more significant investment in schools serving our most underserved communities is necessary to reverse decades of disinvestment. We also understand that this greater investment is virtually impossible unless we, as a city, make a commitment – not just in words, but with our actions – to fully fund public education. Measure EE, which will raise approximately $500 million a year for schools in Los Angeles over the next 12 years, is a good start.
Of course, more funding alone is not enough to get the outcomes we all want for our students. Measure EE funds should be allocated based on need. LA Unified must put into place policies and practices which will specifically target and support schools serving students with the greatest needs. Only when we couple increased resources with the right level of accountability will we help close opportunity and achievement gaps. The good news is the District has begun to do so through the Student Equity Needs Index and the results are encouraging. Also, LA schools now graduate more than 80% of students and have adopted more rigorous standards which will help prepare these graduates for the careers of the future.
Measure EE is a positive step in the right direction. The initiative will increase the pot of money available for the targeted interventions that are still needed in under-resourced communities while also growing the baseline investment for all schools. Furthermore, funds raised by Measure EE will be governed by an independent oversight committee which will include representatives of the communities most impacted by our city's history of disinvestment in high-need schools. Further, Measure EE will do this without unfairly singling out low-income communities to bear the burden.
At the Partnership, we are working alongside educators, parents and partners with the belief that all traditional public schools can thrive if given the right support. We think this is a good investment, and encourage a yes vote on Measure EE.
About the Partnership for Los Angeles Schools
Launched in 2007, the Partnership for Los Angeles Schools' mission is to transform schools and revolutionize school systems to empower all students with a high-quality education. As an independent nonprofit organization, the Partnership serves 14,000 students across 18 LA Unified schools in Watts, Boyle Heights and South Los Angeles. As a non-charter, in-district partner, the Partnership works within the Los Angeles Unified School District context, which includes honoring all collective bargaining agreements for its teachers and school staff.
Student Spotlight: From L.A. to D.C. - Becoming an Advocate for College Access
By Partnership Communications Team
Photo: Stephanie outside of California State Senator Kamala Harris' office in Washington, D.C. Stephanie Ortiz, junior at Math, Science, and Technology Magnet Academy at Roosevelt High School and 2018-19 Partnership Lundquist Fellow, recently had an eye-opening experience. In early February,...


With an increasing number of pop legends opting for residencies in lieu of touring (like Gaga, Xtina, and Cardi B, oh my!), Las Vegas remains an unparalleled entertainment destination. But after the show comes the after party, which is where Alex Cordova comes in. Since joining Wynn Las Vegas as its executive vice president and managing partner in 2016, Cordova has set a new standard nightlife on the Strip with the massive success of XS Nightclub at Encore.
XS Nightclub consistently attracts an A-list lineup of guest DJs, with Virgil Abloh, Diplo, Alesso, and the Chainsmokers all slated to perform at the venue throughout the summer.


Our weather was still pretty chilly this weekend (but I'm not complaining because our snow is pretty much all gone). I don't spend a lot of time in our house during the day, but I was home on Saturday morning, doing some work at the table, and I was enjoying all of the natural light pouring in the windows. I am so excited for summer in this house.
While I was doing some work, Dave and E want to Home Depot to pick up some supplies for the weekend project. We have a great spot for storage in our basement, behind a cement wall. Even when we finish this room the storage space can remain where it is. Dave built a rather large shelf so we could stack our stuff.
This is the before. A jumble of baby stuff, Christmas decorations, photos, etc.
E helping with the shelves.
Moving on to trains while Dave finishes up.
In the middle of building the shelves and then putting them together, we went to a birthday party for one of E's friends. She was turning three. One of our friends who just had a baby also came. It was nice to visit with everyone, but very nice to hold a three day old (!) baby. Side note, I think people who are negotiating world affairs should hold quiet sleeping babies while they are talking. No one can be angry when they're holding such a sweet little thing like that.
The kids made a little craft. An owl made out of a pompom and felt pieces.
E working diligently with his glue.
Homemade and hand decorated cake by the birthday girl's mama! So good!
By the time we got home after the party, I was exhausted. We picked up a rotisserie chicken and some taters at Sobeys on our way home. Sometimes that is all you need for a meal, and it was so tasty! I fell asleep watching TV so I gave up and went to bed.
Sunday was Palm Sunday. We got to church bright and early to get our palms.
In the afternoon we did the usual walk up the street for some groceries, and then I went to the actual grocery store for the canned goods, milk, etc. Then we cleaned up, decorated for Easter, and made supper.
I tried this new recipe from Jamie Oliver's 15 minute meals, and it was so good!! You could say it was "just" nachos and tomato soup, but there were so many delicious flavours in the soup, it was anything but simple. It was easy to make and although not a 15 minute meal, it was certainly no more than 30. Here is the recipe. The picture is the one from the cookbook but mine looked pretty much like that.
A busy week ahead with work, church, family visitors, and hopefully some warm weather!


Lockwood Publishing Ltd because the developer of Avakin Life game simply added minor updates on their latest version. You need not pay real money to take pleasure in it. Although Avakin Life is a free sport on AppStore and Google Play, the game's creators have discovered a modality to generate income with it. As long as the creators of the game have provided it for free to us, it seems natural for me to exist a method by means of which they can become profitable with the sport.


text:
Q: xcodebuild archive keeps trying to use "Development Certificate" even if I specify an "AdHoc Distribution" provisioning profile I have been trying to build iOS app from command line (on Mac Machine) using xcodebuild command.
Here's the command I am using to export the archive:
xcodebuild -project "Path/BuildOutput/XCode/Unity-iPhone.xcodeproj" -scheme "Unity-iPhone" archive -archivePath "Path/BuildOutput/XCode/Archive.xcarchive" -destination "generic/platform=iOS" -configuration Release PROVISIONING_PROFILE="xxxxxxxx-yyyyyyyy"

The profile "xxxxxxxx-yyyyyyyy" is created on my Apple Developer website as an "Ad Hoc" type profile, and it uses a certificate with type "Distribution", which in creation is displayed as "Apple Distribution"
I am getting the following error:
error: No signing certificate "iOS Development" found: No "iOS Development" signing certificate matching team ID "XXXXXXXXXX" with a private key was found. (in target 'Unity-iPhone' from project 'Unity-iPhone')

The error does not occur when I am using a provisioning profile with type "Development" and the corresponding certificate is also "iOS Development" type. It seems that despite I specify a profile with "Ad Hoc" type, xcodebuild still tries to find a corresponding "iOS Development" type certificate while the actual certificate type does not match.
The "Apple Distribution" certificate shows up correctly when I go to XCode Preference and "Manage Certificate"
I am stuck at this point and don't know what to do. Any help would be appreciated.

A: I experienced this same issue with Xcode 13. Xcode seems to be mixing up profiles/certs.
In the IDE, I noticed that I could fix this issue by re-selecting the provisioning profiles for each configuration (dev/QA/prod in my case). I had to select the wrong profile for each configuration, then the correct one, and I would see the error disappear. xcodebuild worked.
To fix without messing with Xcode, I added the CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY="iPhone Distribution" option to xcodebuild
In your case:
xcodebuild -project "Path/BuildOutput/XCode/Unity-iPhone.xcodeproj" -scheme "Unity-iPhone" archive -archivePath "Path/BuildOutput/XCode/Archive.xcarchive" -destination "generic/platform=iOS" -configuration Release PROVISIONING_PROFILE="xxxxxxxx-yyyyyyyy" CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY="iPhone Distribution"


text:
Q: How to find the f-related vector fields So lets say you have a vector field $X = (2x+y) \partial x + x \partial y$ and a diffeomorphism $f(x,y) = (x-2y,2x+y)$, then I need to know how to find the f-related vector fields of X, lets say $\overline{X}$. That is, those that meet:
$\overline{X} \circ f = \partial f \circ X \Rightarrow \overline{X} = \partial f \circ X \circ f^{-1}$
Since $f^{-1} = \left(\frac{x+2y}{5},\frac{y-2x}{5}\right)$
$X \circ f^{-1} = \left[2(x \circ f^{-1})+(y \circ f^{-1})\right] \partial (x \circ f^{-1})  + \left[x \circ f^{-1}\right] \partial (y \circ f^{-1}) = \left[2(\frac{x+2y}{5})+(\frac{y-2x}{5})\right] \partial (\frac{x+2y}{5})  + \left[\frac{x+2y}{5}\right] \partial (\frac{y-2x}{5}) = y (\frac{1}{5}\partial x +\frac{2}{5}\partial y) + \left[\frac{x+2y}{5}\right] (-\frac{2}{5}\partial x +\frac{1}{5}\partial y) = \frac{y-2x}{25}\partial x + \frac{12y+x}{25}\partial y$
And since $\partial f = (\partial x -2 \partial y , 2 \partial x +\partial y)$
$\overline{X} = \partial f \circ X \circ f^{-1} = (\partial x -2 \partial y , 2 \partial x +\partial y) \circ \left(\frac{y-2x}{25}\partial x + \frac{12y+x}{25}\partial y\right)$
And the above composition would give a two-component object, which differs from what I was trying to get, a vector field.
Please let me know how to approach this.
Edit1: So I've seen that I had two main mistakes in what I presented above.

*

*The first mistake is that is not $\partial f$ but $d f$, which corresponds to the jacobian matrix.

*The other mistake was related to $(x \circ f^{-1})$ and $(y \circ f^{-1})$
So the correct way to solve the problem would be:
$\overline{X} \circ f = d f \circ X \Rightarrow \overline{X} = d f \circ X \circ f^{-1}$
Since $f^{-1} = \left(\frac{x+2y}{5},\frac{y-2x}{5}\right)$
$X \circ f^{-1} = \left[2(x \circ f^{-1})+(y \circ f^{-1})\right] \partial x  + \left[x \circ f^{-1}\right] \partial y = \left[2(\frac{x+2y}{5})+(\frac{y-2x}{5})\right] \partial x  + \left[\frac{x+2y}{5}\right] \partial y = y \partial x  + \frac{x+2y}{5}\partial y $
And the above result can be seen as the column vector $\begin{pmatrix}y \\ \frac{x+2y}{5} \end{pmatrix}$
And since $d f =\begin{pmatrix}\frac{\partial f_1}{\partial x} & \frac{\partial f_1}{\partial y}\\\frac{\partial f_2}{\partial x} & \frac{\partial f_2}{\partial y}\end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix}1 & -2\\2 & 1\end{pmatrix}$
$\overline{X} = d f \circ X \circ f^{-1} = \begin{pmatrix}1 & -2\\2 & 1\end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix}y \\ \frac{x+2y}{5} \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix}\frac{y-2x}{5} \\ \frac{x+12y}{5} \end{pmatrix} = \frac{y-2x}{5}\partial x  + \frac{x+12y}{5} \partial y$

A: I'll use the notation of An Introduction to Manifolds (second edition) written by Loring W.Tu (in particular, chapter one), so that $$X = (2x+y) \frac{\partial}{\partial x} + x \frac{\partial}{\partial y}$$
A vector field $\overline{X}$ is $f$-related to $X$ if and only if $f_{*}X=\overline{X}$. More precisely, $f_{*, ~p}(X_p) = \overline{X}_{f(p)}$ for every point $p$ in the domain of $X$. In our case, $\overline{X}_q=f_{*,  ~p}(X_{p})$ where $p=f^{-1}(q)$.
Note that \begin{align} \ f_* = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & -2 \\ 2 & 1\end{bmatrix} \end{align}
in a sense that $$f_{*} \left( \frac{\partial}{\partial x}\bigg|_{p} \right) = \frac{\partial}{\partial x}\bigg|_{q} + 2\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\bigg|_{q} $$
$$f_{*} \left( \frac{\partial}{\partial y}\bigg|_{p} \right) = -2\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\bigg|_{q} +\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\bigg|_{q}  $$
Write $$\overline{X}=f(x,y)\frac{\partial}{\partial x}+g(x,y)\frac{\partial}{\partial y}  $$
Put $q=(a,b)$. Then $$\overline{X}_{q}=f(a,b)\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\bigg|_{q} +g(a,b)\frac{\partial}{\partial y} \bigg|_{q}$$
On the other hand, $p=f^{-1}(q)=\frac{1}{5}(a+2b, b-2a )$.
Thus \begin{align} X_p &= \left( \frac{ 2a+4b+b-2a}{5} \right)
 \frac{\partial}{\partial x}\bigg|_{p} + \left( \frac { a+2b }{5} \right)\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\bigg|_{p}
 \\ &=b  \frac{\partial}{\partial x}\bigg|_{p} + \left( \frac { a+2b }{5} \right)\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\bigg|_{p}\end{align}
Finally, \begin{align} f_{*, ~p}(X_p) &=b \left(\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\bigg|_{q} + 2\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\bigg|_{q} \right)+ \left( \frac { a+2b }{5} \right) \left( -2\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\bigg|_{q} +\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\bigg|_{q}\right) \\ &=
\left( \frac { -2a+b }{5} \right) \frac{\partial}{\partial x}\bigg|_{q} + \left( \frac { a+12b }{5} \right) \frac{\partial}{\partial y}\bigg|_{q}  \end{align}
Therefore, $f(a,b) = \frac{1}{5}(-2a+b) $ and $g(a, b)= \frac{1}{5}(a+12b)$.
In short, $$\overline{X}= \left( \frac { -2x+y }{5} \right)\frac{\partial}{\partial x} +\left( \frac { x+12y }{5} \right)\frac{\partial}{\partial y}$$


text:
Australian Government Keeps Casino Documents Secret
AUSTRALIA – As reported by the Australia (Age): "The Bracks Government has extended a ban on public access to documents relating to the Crown Casino tendering process for up to 20 years.
"Communities Minister John Thwaites yesterday ordered that documents, including research files linked to the casino licence, be kept secret until January 2023.
"…His order states that documents regarding submissions for the casino licence and temporary building plans be kept from public scrutiny for 10 years.
"In April 2001, the Government banned public access to those documents for two years.
"At that time, Gaming Minister John Pandazopoulos said he was confident of reaching an agreement with the failed casino bidders to allow tendering documents to be released within two years.
"A Government spokesman said yesterday that the Government was yet to get authority from the failed bidders to release certain tendering documents.
"…InterChurch Gambling Taskforce spokesman Tim Costello yesterday attacked the Government for keeping the documents secret for so long.
"…Another anti-gaming campaigner, the Salvation Army's John Dalziel, said the Government had made a mistake by continuing the secrecy surrounding the casino documents…"


The first photos from the 'Mission: Impossible IV' set have emerged, and they show Tom Cruise's Ethan Hunt disguised as a Russian military officer. Espionage to ensue.
Another casting announcement for 'Mission: Impossible 4' adds 'Lost' heartthrob Josh Holloway to Tom Cruise's elite team of super spies.
Russian actor Vladimir Mashkov has signed on for the fourth 'Mission: Impossible' pic, which may feature 'Girl With the Dragon Tattoo' star Michael Nyqvist as the villain.
According to Tom Cruise, 'Mission: Impossible 4' has a new title. Get ready for 'The Mission' - should you choose to accept it.
Actress Paula Patton has landed herself the coveted lead female role opposite Tom Cruise and Jeremy Renner in Mission: Impossible IV.
Mission: Impossible IV may be a reboot that doesn't even have 'Mission: Impossible' in its title.
Oscar nominated Jeremy Renner signs on to co-star with Tom Cruise in Mission: Impossible IV as a potential character to continue the franchise forward.
Paramount Pictures and director Brad Bird have begun testing young actors to star alongside Tom Cruise in Mission: Impossible IV.
Actor Ving Rhames confirms he'll reprise the role of Luther Stickell in the upcoming Mission: Impossible IV.
Tom Cruise takes a pay cut for Mission: Impossible 4 and will only make his share off the back end. Is Cruise losing his star power or is this just a sign of the times?
Simon Pegg is reportedly in negotiations to return for Mission: Impossible IV, playing the comic relief lab geek, Benji Dunn.
The box office gross of Knight and Day could determine the direction the studio chooses to take with Tom Cruise and Mission: Impossible IV.
It's been announced that Mission: Impossible IV has been pushed back from summer to winter 2011, and that Brad Bird has been confirmed as the director.
Following the news that Brad Bird (The Incredibles) may direct Mission: Impossible IV, it's being reported that Bird has beaten out competition for the gig. But is he the right director?
Will two-time Academy Award-winner Brad Bird (The Incredibles) work with Tom Cruise and make his live-action directorial debut with Mission: Impossible 4?


text:
\section{Introduction}
In the early 1980s the geometrical interpretation of some phenomenological observables has introduced a new paradigm for the explanation of different effects\cite{Vanderbilt2018}, modifying, for example, our view of non-relativistic quantum phenomena such as the quantum Hall effect \cite{Thouless1982}  and prompting new developments and discoveries of paramount relevance ranging from modern polarization theory\cite{Resta1993} to topological phases\cite{hasan2010}.

Nowadays, the geometry of the Hilbert space, with its metric, defining the distance between two quantum states, and its connection\cite{Wilczek1989}, fixing the phase accumulated along quantum trajectories, is a central object in condensed matter research, holding great promises for quantum information applications.
In photonics and atomic physics the quest to engineer and control  the geometric and topological properties of artificial lattices fostered remarkable efforts to
implement effective electromagnetic fields for neutral particles.\cite{aidelsburger2018} Just to mention a few examples, uniform magnetic fields were achieved in optical lattice-based experiments,\cite{Aidelsburger2011} in ring resonator arrays \cite{hafezi2013}, in optomechanical systems \cite{schmidt2015}.
In photonic lattices, artificial gauge fields were generated using different techniques, {\sl i.e.} introducing topological defects in two-dimensonal structures,\cite{rechtsman2012, lumer2019} applying time-dependent modulation\cite{fang2012,goldman2014,joerg2017}, employing synthetic modal dimensions\cite{lustig2019} and, very recently, controlling the orbital angular momentum of the input light beam.\cite{joerg2020}
What underlies most of the observations carried out in the above systems is the first discovered and most basic consequence of the existence of gauge-fields, the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect \cite{aharonov1959}.
The paramount importance of this effect ranges from metrological applications to basic physics\cite{batelaan2009}. It is a non-local effect, arising from the interference of electron beams traveling along paths enclosing a magnetic flux.
As first recognized by Wu and Yang \cite{wu1975}, it naturally leads to  the concept of  path-dependent
phase factor as a basis to describe electromagnetism and gauge theories in general.
Furthermore, as it clearly emerges in path-integral derivations, AB interference reflects the multiply connected nature of the space and it may have impressive consequences on transport. An example is Aharonov-Bohm caging a single-particle localization effect arising from the interplay between the lattice structure and the magnetic flux, first predicted by J. Vidal et al. \cite{vidal1998}
for two-dimensional electronic lattices and subsequently extended and experimentally verified in different contexts, \cite{leykam2018,abilio1999,rizzi2006}  including photonic lattices, see {\sl e.g.} Refs. \onlinecite{fang2012,mukherjee2018,kremer2020}.

 In the present work we study the propagation of light through a one-dimensional array of theta-shaped plaquettes  threaded by two fluxes as shown in Fig. \ref{AB-rings1}, that, for brevity,  we call $\theta$-lattice.
 The presence of two fluxes allows us to investigate in a simple but non-trivial framework the signatures of Aharonov-Bohm interference on diffraction patterns highlighting its topological significance and showing how in this case the caging effect becomes fully tunable.

\begin{figure}[t]
	\includegraphics[width=0.6\columnwidth]{2fluxAB2}
	\caption{Sketch of the structure of the $\theta$-lattice composed of interconnected plaquettes, each one threaded by two synthetic flux lines, $\phi_1$ and $\phi_2$. An arrow
		means a phase $e^{i\phi}$. } \label{AB-rings1}
\end{figure}

\section{Model}

We consider a one-dimensional lattice of theta-shaped units as shown in Fig.\ref{AB-rings1}.
Its unit cell consists of four sites indicated respectively as $A$, $b$, $c$ and $d$. The three arms of each ring, defined by the sites $A_n$, $A_{n+1}$ and respectively $b_n$, $c_n$ and $d_n$, enclose two synthetic flux lines, indicated respectively as $\phi_1$ and $\phi_2$.
\\
The Hamiltonian of the $\theta$-lattice can thus be written as:
\begin{eqnarray}
H&=&\sum_n \left[J_{\rm t1} \left(a^\dag_{n}c_n e^{-i\phi_1}+a^\dag_{n}d_n e^{i\phi_2}\right)+J_{\rm t2}\left( a^\dag_{n}d_{n-1}+a^\dag_{n}c_{n-1}\right)+\right.\nonumber\\
&& \left.+J_1a^\dag_{n}b_n + J_2 a^\dag_{n}b_{n-1}+ {\rm  H. c.} \right] \label{re}
\end{eqnarray}
where $m_n$, $m^\dag_n$  with $m= a,\, b,\, c,\, d$ are bosonic annihilation and creation operators corresponding to the sites $A,\, b,\, c,\, d$ of the cell $n$.
Switching to $k$-space we obtain:
\begin{eqnarray}
\mathcal{H}(k,\phi_1,\phi_2) &=& \sum_k \big[ J_b(k)\, a^\dag_k b_k +  J_c (k,\phi_1)\,  a^\dag_k c_k+\nonumber\\ & &  J_d (k,\phi_2)\, a^\dag_k d_k+
{\rm H.c.} \big] \label{mom}
\end{eqnarray}
\noindent
where $m_k=\frac{1}{\sqrt{N}}\sum_n m_n e^{ikn}$, with $N$ denoting the number of unit cells in the lattice, while $J_b(k)=J_1 +J_2 e^{-i k} $ and $J_c(k,\phi)=J_d(k,-\phi)=J_{t1}e^{-i\phi} +J_{t2} e^{-i k}$, where $J_1$  and  $J_{t1}$ and $J_2$ and $J_{t2}$ denote the intra- and inter-cell hopping amplitudes. The $\phi_1$, $\phi_2$ dependence of $J_c$ and $J_d$ is due to the presence of the synthetic  gauge fields.
We note that setting $J_{t2}=J_{t1}=0$ the $\theta$-lattice reduces to the non-abelian Lieb lattice model\cite{brosco2020} while setting $J_b=0$  it reduces to the standard rhombi chain with a flux $\phi_T=\phi_1+\phi_2$.

The Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}(k,\phi_1,\phi_2)$ is invariant, up to a gauge transformation, under permutations of the three arms b, c, and d, \textit{i.e.} under elements of the non-Abelian group $S_3$. This implies that the state
\begin{equation}
|\phi_{s}(k)\rangle=J_b |b_k\rangle+J_c |c_k\rangle+J_d |d_k\rangle,
\end{equation}
invariant under elements of $S_3$, yields two dispersive modes:
\begin{equation}
|\psi_{\pm}(k)\rangle=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left [|a_k\rangle \pm \frac{|\phi_{s}(k)\rangle}{ \Delta(k,\phi_1,\phi_2)}\right]
\end{equation}
with longitudinal momenta $ \kappa_{\pm}(k,\phi_1,\phi_2)=\pm\Delta(k,\phi_1,\phi_2)$ and
 \begin{equation}
 \Delta(k,\phi_1,\phi_2)=\sqrt{|J_b(k)|^2+|J_c(k,\phi_1)|^2+|J_d(k,\phi_2)|^2} .
 \end{equation}

On the other hand, the states
\begin{eqnarray}
|w_1\rangle=J_b^*|c_k\rangle-J_c^*|b_k\rangle \label{deg1} \\
|w_2\rangle=J_b^*|d_k\rangle-J_d^*|b_k\rangle
\label{deg2}
\end{eqnarray}
spanning a two-dimensional non-invariant subspace of $S_3$ must be degenerate for all $J$'s.  These states thus yields two non-dispersive modes for any $\phi_1$ and $\phi_2$ with longitudinal momentum $\kappa=0$. The presence of these modes  underlies an SU(2) non-abelian gauge symmetry.

The overall structure of the spectrum for $\phi_1=\phi_2=\phi$  with $J_i=J$ for $i=(1,\,2,\,t1,\,t2)$ can be seen in Fig.\ref{AB-rings}a) showing a band crossing at ($k,\phi$)=($\pi$,0) and gaps for $\phi\ne 0$.  We notice that for certain values of the coupling $J$ and flux per plaquette \textit{all} bands in the energy dispersion became flat as indicated by the red dashed lines. This condition, a result of a destructive interference induced by the synthetic magnetic field, gives rise to light trapping and corresponds to the AB caging effect.
 \begin{figure}[t!]
\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{f2b}
\caption{a) Spectrum of $\mathcal{H}(k,\phi_1,\phi_2)$ for $J_i=J$ with i $\in (1,2,t1,t2)$ and $\phi_1=\phi_2=\phi$. The red dashed lines show the $\phi$ values that give four flat bands. b) Cylindrical plot of the surface  $\rho(\phi, \zeta)=1+\zeta \cos(\phi)$ } \label{AB-rings}
	\end{figure}

 \begin{figure*}[t]
\includegraphics[width=1.5\columnwidth]{spectrum-support-2}	\caption{Spectrum support on the $(\kappa,\phi)$ plane for different values of $\zeta$.} \label{fig-spectrum-suppotrt}
 \end{figure*}

\section{Aharonov-Bohm caging}
A peculiarity of the two-flux model is that the caging arises due to the destructive interference of waves propagating along three arms. This implies that, at variance with the standard two-arm single-flux AB cages\cite{Longhi2014},  the values of $\phi_1$ and $\phi_2$ where the caging effect appears can be controlled by changing the tunnel couplings J.
We remark that when caging arises due to the destructive interference of waves propagating along two arms it has to be necessarily located at $\phi=\pi$, {\sl i.e.} the total amplitude is given by the sum of two identical terms having opposite sign. On the contrary, as stated above, in the $\theta$-lattice we find different caging conditions depending on the tunnel couplings.
In particular, when all J's are equal,  caging appears for $\phi_1=\phi_2=2\pi/3$  and $\phi_1=\phi_2=4\pi/3$ reflecting the trigonal symmetry of the unit cell.
For arbitrary values of the $J$'s  and $\phi_1=\phi_2=\phi$ the  condition to have dispersionless bands  can be written as  follows
\begin{equation} 1+ \zeta \cos(\phi)=0 \label{eq-cage}\end{equation}
 where $\zeta=2J_{t2}J_{t1}/(J_1 J_2)$.
In Fig.\ref{AB-rings}b) we show a cylindrical plot of the surface  $\rho(\phi, \zeta)=1+\zeta \cos(\phi)$, where we clearly distinguish three cases:
for $\zeta>1$ we have two values of $\phi \in[0,2\pi\,[$ where Eq.\eqref{eq-cage} is satisfied, for $\zeta<1$ the caging condition is never fulfilled, while  for $\zeta=1$ Eq.\eqref{eq-cage}  admits only the solution $\phi=\pi$ as in the case of the standard two-arm AB caging.

\begin{figure}[b]
	\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{Dispersione}
	\caption{Light dynamics in the presence of AB caging for three different injection configurations: (a) $|\psi_0\rangle=| a_{n_0}\rangle$, (b) $|\psi_0\rangle=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(| b_{n_0}\rangle+| c_{n_0}\rangle+| d_{n_0}\rangle)$  and (c) $|\psi_0\rangle= |c_{n_0}\rangle$. Lattice parameters: $J_{1}=J_{2}=J_{t1}=J_{t2}=J$, $\phi_1=\phi_2=\phi=2\pi/3$, $\Delta_0=\sqrt{6}J$, $N=40$, $n_0=20$. }\label{sim1}
\end{figure}

 To further analyze how caging arises when $\phi_1=\phi_2=\phi$, in Fig.\ref{fig-spectrum-suppotrt} (a-e) we show the evolution of the
 quasi-energy spectrum support as $\zeta$ increases from $\zeta=0$ to $\zeta=2$.
At $\zeta=0$, corresponding to $J_{t1} J_{t2}=0$,  the spectrum is clearly  $\phi$-independent; as we increase $\zeta$ we find a pseudo-localization region around $\phi=\pi$ that evolves in a fully localized spectrum for $\zeta=1$; eventually for $\zeta>1$, the spectrum support shows two nodes, signaling the emergence of genus 2 AB caging.

Let us now consider the light dynamics in the different caging regimes. As discussed by several Authors, see \textit{e.g.} \cite{Longhi2014,christodoulides2003}, assuming evanescent coupling of single-mode waveguides, it is described by the following coupled mode equations:

\begin{equation}\left\{
\begin{array}{rcl}
i\partial_z a_n&=&  J_{1} b_{n}+ J_{2} b_{n-1}+J_{t1}( e^{i \phi_1}c_n+e^{-i \phi_2}d_n)+\\
& & + J_{t2}( c_{n-1}+d_{n-1})\\ [0.1cm]
i\partial_z b_n&=&  J_{1} a_{n}+ J_{2} a_{n+1}\\[0.1cm]
i\partial_z c_n&=&  J_{t1}e^{-i \phi_1}a_n+ J_{t2}a_{n+1}\\[0.1cm]
i\partial_z d_n&=&  J_{t1}e^{i \phi_2}a_n+ J_{t2}a_{n+1}
\end{array}\right.\end{equation}
where $\partial_z $ indicate the partial derivative with respect to $z$.
Solving numerically the above equations on a finite lattice with $N$ unit cells (4$N$ sites) and open boundary conditions yields the results shown in Figs. \ref{sim1} and \ref{sim2}.

In Figure  \ref{sim1} we simulate the propagation of a light beam injected at $z=0$ in a $\theta$-lattice consisting of $N$ unit cells, $4N$ waveguides, with homogeneous tunnel couplings $J_i=J$ and fluxes $\phi_1=\phi_2=\phi=2\pi/3$.
For these parameters the dispersive bands $\kappa_{\pm}$ become flat and, independently of the precise position and energy of the incoming beam,  light gets trapped on a cluster of few waveguides. Only the structure of the caging cluster depends on the initial condition. This is due to the fact that,  depending on the initial condition, different localized bands enter the dynamics. When the light is injected in a site $A$ only the upper and lower bands are dynamically occupied; caging then implies that only the waveguide $A_n$ and  the six surrounding waveguides $b_n,c_n,d_n$ and $b_{n-1},c_{n-1},d_{n-1}$ are populated as shown in Fig.\ref{sim1}a).
The wavelength, $\lambda_0$, of the oscillations between the upper and lower bands is clearly given by the inverse of the spectral gap {\sl i.e.} $\lambda_0=1/(2\Delta_0)$ with $\Delta_0=\Delta(k, 2\pi/3,2\pi/3)=\sqrt{6}J$.
A somewhat similar situation arises when light is injected symmetrically in the waveguides  $b_n,c_n,d_n$, {\sl i.e.} creating the initial state  $|\psi_0\rangle=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(| b_{n_0}\rangle+|c_{n_0}\rangle+|d_{n_0}\rangle)$. The peculiar structure of the initial state implies that  in this case, shown in Fig. \ref{sim1}(b), the light beam undergoes  oscillations between the cell $n$ and $n+1$ along $z$ without modifying its shape. Eventually in Fig. \ref{sim1}(c) we show the propagation of a light beam injected from the site $c_n$. In this case the evolution involves also the degenerate bands and the signal spreads over three unit cells.

\begin{figure}[b]
	\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{Dispersione1}
 \caption{Dispersive light dynamics for  $\phi_1=\phi_2=\phi=\pi$, {\sl i.e.} away from the AB caging condition, for three different injection configurations: (a) $|\psi_0\rangle=| a_{n_0}\rangle$, (b) $|\psi_0\rangle=| b_{n_0}\rangle$  and (c) $|\psi_0\rangle=| c_{n_0}\rangle$.  Other lattice parameters as in Fig. \ref{sim1}. } \label{sim2}
\end{figure}

When the caging condition is not fulfilled, light spreads to the entire lattice.
This situation is considered in Fig.\ref{sim2} where we set $\phi_1=\phi_2=\pi$ and the other parameters as in Fig. \ref{sim1}. These values of the fluxes are special under many respects: first, as discussed in the following section, they yield,  Fig.\ref{sim2}a), a weaker dispersion as compared {\sl e.g.} to the case  $\phi_1=\phi_2=0$, and second, they yield  destructive Aharonov-Bohm interference on specific sites of the array. For example, as shown in Fig.\ref{sim2}(b), for  a "$b$" type injection waveguide, the propagation does not involve the sites "$c$" and "$d$" in the same plaquette, while,  as shown in Fig.\ref{sim2}(c), for  a "$c$" type injection waveguide, the propagation does not involve the site "$b$" in the same plaquette.
This is due to the fact that, at $\phi_1=\phi_2=\pi$ there are two tunneling paths from $b$ to $c$ and from $b$ to $d$ having opposite signs and equal amplitudes.

\section{Signatures of Aharonov-Bohm interference in the diffraction patterns}
\begin{figure}[t]
	\includegraphics[width=0.45\columnwidth]{AB-Pratio1} \hspace{0.2 cm}
	\includegraphics[width=0.45\columnwidth]{width2}
	\caption{Inverse participation ratio (a) and average width (b) as functions of $z$ and $\phi$. Other lattice parameters as in Fig. \ref{sim1}} \label{diffraction}
\end{figure}
 Beside inducing AB caging, synthetic gauge fields modulate light propagation in photonic lattices through AB interference, mimicking the action of their electromagnetic counterparts   and yielding  synthetic-flux dependent diffraction effects.
Purpose of the present section is to highlight how  these effects arise in the $\theta$-lattice.
To characterize diffraction for different values of the synthetic fluxes we will focus on two quantities, namely,
the inverse participation number, $P^{-1}$, defined as
\begin{equation}
P^{-1}=\sum_{x}|\Psi_x|^4,
\end{equation}
 where $\Psi_x$ denotes the field's amplitude at position $x=na$ along the lattice, with "a" the lattice period, and the average square width, $W^2$, defined as
\begin{equation} \label{eq:w}
W^2=\frac{\langle x^2 \rangle-\langle x \rangle^2}{N^2}
\end{equation}
with $\langle x^\alpha \rangle=\sum_x x^\alpha |\psi_x|^2$.
The inverse participation number is always smaller or equal 1 and it gives a measure of the number of sites where photons are confined, specifically we have $P= 1$ when light is confined to a single waveguide and $P\sim m$ when light is confined to a cluster of $m$ waveguides. The average width $W$ is useful to characterize how the signal disperse, it equals zero in the presence of caging and in standard photonic waveguide lattices it grows as $z^2$.
In Figure \ref{diffraction}(a) we plot the participation ratio as a function of $z$ and $\phi$ for a lattice with  homogeneous tunnel couplings and fluxes, {\sl i.e.} $\phi_i=\phi$ and $J_i=J_{ti}=J$ with $i=1,2$. We assume that the system is initially prepared in the fully localized state $|a_{n_0}\rangle$, at $z=0$ we thus have $P^{-1}=1$ independently of $\phi$. As $z$ increases, light start dispersing and we clearly see the emergence of two peaks at $\phi=2\pi/3$ and $\phi=4\pi/3$ due to AB caging. We also notice that $P^{-1}$ has a strongly oscillating behavior with $z$ that is associated with dynamic oscillations between different bands.
The presence of these oscillations may hinder the characterization of the difference interference regimes by simply measuring the amplitude of the fields in a small cluster of sites for a given propagation length $z=\bar z$. For this purpose, the square width $W^2$ defined in Eq.\eqref{eq:w} may be more appropriate as  we show in Figure \ref{diffraction}(b). There, we notice in particular the emergence of a smooth double-well structure associated with AB interference.  Having a monotonic behavior as a function of $z$, $W$ can be used to characterize the different diffraction regimes for different values of the synthetic fluxes and $J$'s. This is what we do in Fig. \ref{phase-diagram} (a-b) to illustrate the tunability of the caging effect in the $\theta$-lattice.
 In Fig. \ref{phase-diagram} (a) we show a density plot of the width $W$ calculated at $z J=10$ for the system initially prepared in the state $|a_{n_0}\rangle$, as a function of $\phi_1$ and $\phi_2$  for homogeneous tunnelings. We clearly see that the contour $W=0.5$ represented by the dashed black line essentially allows us to distinguish between a weakly dispersing region including the caging points $\phi_1=\phi_2=2\pi/3$ and $\phi_1=\phi_2=4\pi/3$ and  a strongly dispersing region for $\phi \lesssim \pi/2$.
 In  Fig. \ref{phase-diagram} (b) we plot $W_{z=10 J}$ as a function of   $\phi$ and $J_{t2}$  setting all other tunnel couplings to $J$.
In this figure the black dashed line indicates the caging condition given by Eq. \eqref{eq-cage}. We notice that when $J_{t2}$ becomes much larger than $J$ the tunability essentially disappears, this is due to the fact that increasing $J_{t2}$ corresponds to decrease the weight of interference paths going through the site $b$ bringing the lattice back to the single flux regime.
\begin{figure}[t!]
	\includegraphics[width=0.9\columnwidth]{densityplots}
	\caption{Density plot of the width $W$ as a function of $\phi_1$ and $\phi_2$ and as a function of $J_{t2}$ and $\phi=\phi_1=\phi_2$.} \label{phase-diagram}
\end{figure}

\section{Conclusions}
We presented a theoretical study of transport of light in a strip of theta-shaped plaquettes subjected to synthetic magnetic fields. We showed how to realize Aharonov-Bohm cages that prevent the photon beam to escape from finite clusters. Suitably chosen fluxes with selected input configurations enables tuning the cage size. Our results have relevance for fundamental properties of topological
lattice and various applications as in non-diffractive image transmission schemes\cite{Vicencio2015,Xia:16}, all-optical logic gates\cite{Real2017} and optical data processing.

\section*{DATA AVAILABILITY}
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

\begin{acknowledgments}
Useful discussions with R. Fazio are gratefully acknowledged.

We acknowledge funding from QuantERA ERA-NET Co-fund (Grant
No. 731473, project QUOMPLEX) and H2020 PhoQus project
(Grant No. 820392).
\end{acknowledgments}

\nocite{*}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


We've helped 60 families in North Kingstown, RI find options that meet their unique needs.
Talk to our local Expert Advisors for insider info on In-Home Care in North Kingstown, RI.
50 results with 2 reviews in North Kingstown.
Cottage Caregivers enables seniors suffering from an illness, recovering from surgery or injury, or who just need extra assistance to receive extraordinary care in the comfort of their own homes. Both hourly and live-in services are available to fit clients' needs. The care team is carefully selected and filled with experienced, interviewed, background-screened, bonded, and insured caregivers to ensure qualified and trustworthy care. Cottage Caregivers is available 24/7 to take stress off families by making sure that clients follow medication schedules, keep doctor appointments, eat consistently, stay active, and live in a clean and orderly space without the stress of chores and maintenance.


Thank you to everyone who has bought tickets for the tour, which kicks off tonight in Exeter. Tom's looking forward to seeing you all. Apologies if your town isn't on this tour, but we have plans for 2015, so we hope to see you then.
To celebrate Tom heading back out on the road, and to thank you for your patience, we are really pleased to let you know that The Uncarved Block – Part One is now available on CD from the Tom Baxter Store.
We've also added Feather & Stone and Skybound CDs and Tales From the Forest of Hope book, and there's a bundle of all four if you're looking for the collection.
Stock is limited, so head on over now to place your order!
Earlier this week Tom joined Janice Long in the studio for a Spoken Word session. You can listen to the interview at Tom's Soundcloud.
This October, Tom is hitting the road to tour the UK and Ireland. We've taken the opportunity to book some smaller venues, some in places he's not visited in a while. It'll be a great opportunity to catch him performing an intimate, solo-set of songs from his back catalogue, along some of his favourites by other songwriters.
As usual The Uncarved Block – Part One will be on sale, along with Feather & Stone, Skybound and the Tales From the Forest of Hope book.
We're pleased to announce that we can offer some of you access to the re-scheduled private show at The Hospital Club.
All you need to do is head to the Tom Baxter Store and purchase a guest membership. You will receive an online receipt which will need to be presented at the door. On the night you'll receive a copy of The Uncarved Block and access to the club for Tom's performance.
If you purchased the membership for 06 March, it will be valid on this date!
!! Please do not contact The Hospital Club direct – they will be unable to assist !!
This will be a rocking night as Tom performs an electric set with the band, performing new material and old favourites.


text:
WTF: Alabama woman indicted for the death of her unborn child after being shot in the stomach
Staff Writers June 26, 2019	 June 26, 2019
Alabama woman indicted for the death of her unborn child after being shot in the stomach
An Alabama woman whose unborn child died as a result of a shooting last year has been arrested on manslaughter charges in connection with her baby's death, while the alleged shooter has had charges against her dropped, AL.comreports.
Marshae Jones, 27, was reportedly taken into custody Wednesday after a Jefferson County grand jury handed down the indictment. The charges come six months after Jones, who was five months pregnant at the time, was shot in the stomach outside a Dollar General in Pleasant Grove during an altercation with another woman that police said focused on the unborn child's father.
Jones was hospitalized but the baby did not make it.
In the aftermath of the Dec. 4, 2018 shooting, police have argued it was Jones' actions that sparked the shooting and ultimately led to her baby's death.
The alleged shooter, Ebony Jemison, was also initially charged with manslaughter but the charges were dropped when a grand jury failed to indict her.
"It was the mother of the child who initiated and continued the fight which resulted in the death of her own unborn baby," Pleasant Grove police Lt. Danny Reid was quoted as saying after the shooting. "The investigation showed that the only true victim in this was the unborn baby."
"When a 5-month pregnant woman initiates a fight and attacks another person, I believe some responsibility lies with her as to any injury to her unborn child," Reid said.
Jones was due to be taken to a Jefferson County jail and held on a $50,000 bond on Wednesday night. Source
Previous PostSubstitute Teacher Fired for Filming Porn Videos inside Classroom
Next Post Graphic Video: Russian Man is Rescued after Spending a Month Inside a Brown Bear Den


text:
Islamists and New York Times try to bully the NYPD into dropping all efforts to stop jihad terror plots. Please send your email urging Mayor Bloomberg to stand strong for NYPD's surveillance.
If Obama succeeds in intimidating the New York Police Department, the largest municipal law enforcement agency in the United States, to back off surveillance for certain terrorist plots then other law enforcement agencies across the nation will now doubt follow.
Obama and Islamists try to bully the NYPD into dropping all efforts to stop jihad terror plots.
The email prepared for this article has been deactivated.
CAIR (Council on American Islamic Relations) did not have much of a fight convincing the Islamist friendly Obama administration to back off investigations of Muslims who may be plotting acts of terror against Americans. The Investigative Project on Terrorism reported on February 16, 2012 that the FBI removed more than 1000 presentations and curricula on Islam from FBI offices around the country that were deemed "offensive" and has banned all FBI offices from inviting any counter-terrorist specialists who are considered "anti-Islam" by Muslim Brotherhood front groups.
Now that the FBI has backed off investigating terrorist threats from radical Islamists in the United States they are trying to bully the New York Police Department (NYPD) into doing the same.
Pamela Geller writes in her exclusive article at WND titled "Obama's war against the NYPD:"
The Department of Justice, which is increasingly showing itself to be the de facto legal arm of the Muslim Brotherhood in America, is going to investigate the New York City Police Department for … protecting America from jihadist attacks.
The NYPD was keeping members of the Muslim Brotherhood under surveillance – so what? The Muslim Students Association is a Muslim Brotherhood organization. The Brotherhood is dedicated, in its own words, to "eliminating and destroying Western civilization from within."
More than 45 Islamic plots have been stopped since the September 11, 2001 attack on New York resulting in the arrest of nearly 200 Muslims according to a report by Atlasshrugs.com.
TerrorismAnalysts.com published these extraordinary findings in a report titled Sharia Adherence Mosque Survey: Correlations between Sharia Adherence and Violent Dogma in U.S. Mosques authored by Dr. Mordechai Kedar and David Yerushalmi, Esq.:
Report Abstract: A random survey of 100 representative mosques in the U.S. was conducted to measure the correlation between Sharia adherence and dogma calling for violence against non-believers. Of the 100 mosques surveyed, 51% had texts on site rated as severely advocating violence; 30% had texts rated as moderately advocating violence; and 19% had no violent texts at all. Mosques that presented as Sharia adherent were more likely to feature violence-positive texts on site than were their non-Sharia-adherent counterparts. In 84.5% of the mosques, the imam recommended studying violence-positive texts. The leadership at Sharia-adherent mosques was more likely to recommend that a worshipper study violence-positive texts than leadership at non-Sharia-adherent mosques. Fifty-eight percent of the mosques invited guest imams known to promote violent jihad. The leadership of mosques that featured violence-positive literature was more likely to invite guest imams who were known to promote violent jihad than was the leadership of mosques that did not feature violence-positive literature on mosque premises.
Specifically the NYPD study found that highly Sharia-adherent mosques have played a prominent role in radicalizing several groups who conspired to commit acts of terrorism in the name of Islam, including some groups who were successful in carrying out high-profile attacks. One plausible explanation for why the highly Sharia-adherent mosque is believed to have a connection to the radicalization process is that the global jihad is an Islamic revivalist movement centered on a common Sharia-drivenmissionand the mosque serves as a locus for the intensification of religious beliefs.
Since the Obama administration and U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder are more influenced by Islamists than they are by concerned Americans the responsibility of public safety falls to local law enforcement.
Florida Family Association has prepared an email for you to send urging New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg to stand by NYPD Police Commissioner Raymond Kelly and NYPD's surveillance for certain terrorist plots which keep Americans safe.
Author: ffa 20120315 Category: JihadTerrorism FFA: on
Tags: New York, NYPD, Jihad, Terrorism


text:
Royal plane forced to abort landing twice amid storms
The royal couple — and around 40 members of the traveling media — were returning to Islamabad on the converted RAF Voyager after a day of engagements in Lahore when they found themselves caught up in a severe thunderstorm.
Prince William and his wife Kate are on a five-day official visit to the country.
The journey — which should have been around 26 minutes — initially seemed fairly routine but as it got closer to Islamabad, lightning was visible on both sides of the plane. With poor weather in the area, the captain announced that the aircraft would circle while waiting for a gap in the weather system, according to CNN journalists on the flight.
When an approach was finally made around an hour later, severe turbulence shook the aircraft and the plane aborted its attempt to land. The pilot later tried to make a second descent at a different airport but again the turbulence was too much and the decision was made to return to Lahore.
The Airbus A330 ended up being in the air for nearly two hours. The aircraft was converted by the British Royal Air Force to provide VIP transport for government officials and the royal family.
Despite the rocky end to the day, the duke — a former air ambulance pilot — was in good spirits and went to the back of the plane to see journalists after landing. While there, he joked that that he had been flying the aircraft.
William added that he and Kate were "fine."
The flight diversion forced the scrambling of a huge security operation to enable the royal couple to stay overnight safely. They had been due to overnight in Islamabad every day of the trip. Traveling media were asked not to disclose their location on social media or report that they were staying the night in Lahore.
The unscheduled stop also caused changes to Friday's itinerary, with officials working late to ensure William and Kate could still undertake some official engagements with the usual security and logistics in place.
Kate reflected on the wayward journey on Friday, labeling it "an adventure" before praising the RAF team over their handling of the last-minute change in plans.
"It was pretty bumpy up there. But we were looked after so wonderfully by the RAF who did a great job liaising with everyone and got us home safely, so we are hugely grateful to them," she said, according to PA.
On Friday, the royals flew back to Islamabad and were due to visit an military canine training center as part of their final day of engagements before departing to the UK in the afternoon.
This article was originally published by Cnn.com. Read the original article here.
How To Pack A Carry-On When Everything Is Bulky


text:
Suleiman Shah and Turkey's Election Invasion of Syria: Wag the Dog Turkish-Style?
Mahdi Darius Nazemroaya
The Turkish opponents of Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his beleaguered government have claimed that a distressed Erdogan may try to start a conflict with Syria and even invade Syrian territory. According to Erdogan's opponents, the aim of a Turkish invasion of Syria by Erdogan is to invoke patriotic sentiments domestically. The aim of this is to manipulate the Turkish population into supporting Prime Minister Erdogan's declining Justice and Development Party (AKP) during the Turkish municipal elections that are slated for March 30, 2014…
There is a series of events that are giving increasing credence to these arguments and accusations against the AKP leadership. The first starts with Ankara's claims that it was concerned about a historic relic inside Syrian territory known as the Tomb of Suleiman Shah. As a result of the purported and questionable threats by the Syrian anti-government forces against the Tomb of Suleiman Shah, Turkey authorized its troops on March 16, 2014 to enter Syrian territory to protect the historic site. On the basis of an agreement signed by France and Turkey in 1921, before Syria became an independent republic, Suleiman Shah's grave is considered Turkish territory even through it is inside the borders of Syria. Turkish troops have been stationed there since to protect the historic site.
Following Ankara's proclamation that it would defend the Tomb of Suleiman Shah, Turkey downed a Syrian military jet on March 23, 2014. This was followed by a political scandal tied to YouTube. The conversations of Turkish officials discussing how to manufacture a pretext to invade Syria were leaked through YouTube on March 27, 2014. The YouTube videos are analogous to the US State Department's Victoria Nuland's Ukrainian regime change conversation. The leaked conversations also fit into the patterns of an internal struggle inside Turkey under which the conversations of Erdogan and Turkish officials had been leaked earlier.
The Downing of a Syrian Aircraft by Turkey
If the claims of Erdogan's Turkish opponents are factual, what do they disclose about the shooting of a Syrian military jet by the Turkish military in late-March 2014? Ankara originally claimed that the Syrian aircraft had violated its airspace alongside another Syrian warplane that withdrew. The Turkish government also claims that it gave four warnings to the Syrian military jet before shooting it down, but the Syrian government says that Ankara is categorically lying and that the Syrian jet was on a combat mission inside Syrian airspace.
The General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces released a statement about the incident near the Syrian-Turkish border. Putting a shadow of doubt on Ankara's claims that its airspace was violated, the Turkish military affirmed that the Syrian warplane crashed 1.2 kilometres inside Syrian territory. The statement of the General Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces says that the Syrian aircraft went down at «1,200 meters to the south of the border on the Syrian territory in Kasab region.»
The geography of Kasab is important. It is a predominately-Armenian northern town near the Turkish border that is situated in the Governate of Latakia and its constituent Latakia District. Although Latakia Governate is mostly known for being the Syrian province with a high concentration of Alawites, its northern part is inhabited by many Christian Armenians. Towns like Esguran and Karadash are populated by ethnic Armenian. Kasab is also a name to remember; it will be mentioned again by other sources. The reports around the Syrian town paint the picture of some type of Turkish operation in the area.
It is also worth noting what the British-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights has said about the downing of the Syrian jet by Turkey. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights is no friend of the Syrian government. It has supported regime change in Syria and has been caught fabricating vast amounts of information about the Syrian conflict just to promote the anti-government militias and ideas promoting regime change in Damascus. Despite its anti-government position, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights has said that the Turkish military «targeted a Syrian fighter bomber as it struck areas of the northern province of Latakia» while the Syrian military plane was engaged in an attack on the anti-government insurgents.
Regardless of the facts, Prime Minister Erdogan and his government have threatened a «heavy response» against the Syrians. Days after the Syrian aircraft was shot down by the Turkish military, Ankara started a rhetorical campaign to portray a picture of itself as a party that was only reacting to provocation. The Turkish government claimed that Turkish warplanes were scrambled previously to prevent a Syrian aircraft from violating Turkish airspace and that the Syrian military had been continuously harassing Turkish military jets patrolling their own Turkish airspace by putting a radar lock on the Turks for targeting or firing purposes. Two points should be clarified about the latter Turkish grieve about the radar lock: it has no legal bearing nor does it signal any aggression against Turkey by the Syrians. Unlike frequency jamming, locking onto a target with a radar tracking system is not an act of aggression or a violation of sovereignty.
Ankara's grievance was purely rhetorical and contrary to the facts about defensive military procedures. The units that are the target of a radar lock may become aware they are being monitored by a defensive tracking system that could fire on it, but this is not an offensive move. It is clearly a defensive stance on the part of Damascus.
What Syrian units were doing with the Turkish jets signals that Syria does not trust the Turkish government whatsoever and that the Syrian military monitors Turkish warplanes inside Turkish airspace as a security precaution. The reasons for this are that the Syrians believe that Turkish warplanes could violate Syrian airspace or conduct some type of mission against Syria at any given moment.
A Turkish Offensive in the Governate of Latakia?
Focus must turn to the Tomb of Suleiman Shah now. This mausoleum is located in the northern part of the Aleppo Governate of Syria. Before the downing of the Syrian military jet, Prime Minister' Erdogan's AKP government had repeatedly said that it was worried about the safety of the historic crypt.
Suleiman Shah was a Central Asian tribal chieftain from Merv, which is located in modern-day Turkmenistan. What makes him significant is that he was the grandfather of Osman I, the founder of the Ottoman Empire. This is why Suleiman's tomb has historical importance to Turkish history and to Turks.
Despite the three years of fighting, the Turkish-guarded historic site was never threatened by either the government or insurgent camps inside Syria. Ankara, however, begun claimed that it was afraid that its own insurgent allies in Syria would attack the historic site. Thus an alarm was sounded by the AKP about the safety of the mausoleum. Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu even held a conference from Van to address his governments concerns.
Foreign Minister Davutoglu, however, went beyond the airing of concerns from Turkish authorities. Davutoglu vowed that Turkey would retaliate without the slightest hesitation to any attack on the Tomb of Suleiman Shah. He also clarified that Turkey had made preparations to intervene if the site and the Turkish guard unit stationed there should come under any attack. Vatan, a Turkish newspaper, quickly outlined that what Davutoglu meant was that Turkey was preparing to send troops across the Syrian border into Aleppo.
Threats in the form of a video against the historic site were uploaded on YouTube days later. In the video anti-government insurgents fighting in Syria warned the Turkish government that it had a few days to surrender the historic site or they would destroy it. The video was uploaded on March 21, 2014.
In the same timeframe as the downing of the Syrian military jet, it was also reported by Turkish sources with varying degrees of emphasis that the Turkish Armed Forces had sent military ground units into the Syrian town of Kasab and its environs. Some sources said that the Turkish units were illegally escorting anti-government insurgents into Syrian territory, that wounded insurgents were also being taken back to Turkish military field hospitals (similar to the ones that Tel Aviv has setup in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights for the insurgents), and that the Turkish military was getting involved in expanding the combat zone in Syria.
What is clear is that Turkey has militarily helped the insurgents in their armed offensive on Kasab and Latakia District against the Syrian military. The downing of the Syrian aircraft was part of the Turkish support for this operation against Syria. The anti-government forces inside Syria would claim that they captured and secured Kasab during this time period too.
In the United States, the Armenian Bar Association would send a letter of distress to the US government on March 25, 2014. The group would demand that the Obama Administration condemn the Turkish military incursion into Kasab. Members of the Armenian community would blast Turkey as being legally responsible for the violence in Syria and for the hardships and deaths of ethnic Armenians in Kasab and the Governate of Latakia.
Leak Wars: Erdogan, Davutoglu Caught Red Handed like Nuland, Catherine Ashton?
A bombshell of revelations was made shortly after. Leaked conversations between Turkish officials about the upcoming elections and their plans in Syria were released. The leaks were made through two YouTube videos that were uploaded on March 27, 2014. One video was a little over seven minutes long, while the other was about nine minutes long.
Erdogan has been facing a steady stream of leaks exposing his government's backdoor dealings and activities. The AKP has blamed the Gulenists, an influential international movement run by a US-based Turkish preacher, for the previous leaks. Although the latest leaks could possibly be part of the internal conflict between in Turkey. They could also be the work of a foreign intelligence agency.
Leaks of US and European Union officials have proven the increasing efficiency that divulging the secret conversations of governments has on exposing underlying agendas. The leak of US Assistant-Secretary Victoria Nuland and US diplomat Geoffrey Pyatt illustrated how the goal of Washington in Ukraine has been regime change and installing Arseniy Yatsenyuk as prime minister. A later leak involving Catherine Ashton being told by Estonian Foreign Minister Urmas Paet that the head doctor for the Euromaidan protester expressed views that Yatsenyuk and lead opposition politicians could have been involved with the killing of civilians also put into serious question the narrative being peddled by the US, Canada, and the European Union about the protests in Kiev.
The Turkish leaks illustrate that Turkish authorities have been planning on manufacturing an incident with Syria on the basis of political motivations aimed at securing an AKP victory in the municipal election being held at the end of March. During a conversation, Foreign Minister Davutoglu tells Hakan Fidan, the chief of the Turkish National Intelligence Organization (MIT), that «Prime Minister said that in the current conjuncture of time, this attack [on the Tomb of Suleiman Shah] must be seen as an opportunity for us.» Davutoglu is positing the use of an incident at the historical mausoleum as a pretext for a Turkish incursion into Syria.
Fidan's response, however, goes further. He responds to Davutoglu with the following plan: «I will send four men from inside Syria, if that is what it will take. I will make up a reason for war by ordering a missile attack on Turkey. We can also prepare a direct attack on the Tomb of Suleiman Shah if necessary.»
Suleiman Shah's Tomb: Where Ottoman History's Start is Where Neo-Ottomanism Ends
The reaction of the Turkish government to the leaks was quick. AKP authorities have said that the leaks are manipulated to contextualize the dialogue in a malicious way and called the leaks a serious threat to Turkish national security. As a result the Turkish government quickly blocked all YouTube use and access inside Turkey. This was done so that the Turkish population could not get access to the leaked conversations.
The unraveling events bring new life to the «neo-Ottoman» failures of Prime Minister Erdogan and Foreign Minister Davutoglu. Their visions of Turkey as an imperialist power have crumbled and the final nails are being hammered into its coffin. Some would argue that their neo-Ottomanism was really pseudo-Ottomanism the whole time. The two and the AKP have been slowly digging their own political graves through their Syria policy.
Turkish history may in conceptual terms start at the Tomb of Suleiman Shah, but Recep Tayyip Erdogan's seems like it may start its ending there. There is a lot of grumbling in the lower ranks of the AKP about him. The municipal elections are a litmus test for him and his party. If the AKP does badly, Erdogan and his close associates will face an internal revolt in the AKP. This is why the municipal elections are so important for them.
A Response to the Events in Ukraine?
The Eurasian chessboard is in motion. The events in Syria and Turkey should not be viewed in a vacuum from other events in the broader world like they are unrelated to one another. The pieces are moving on the geopolitical chessboard. Some type of confrontation between Turkey and Syria could very well be an answer to the events in Ukraine and Crimean reunification with Russia.
This entire scandal, however, is more than a Turkish-style case of «Wag the Dog.» The consequences are unpredictable and could lead to escalation. They also come at a time where there is a US and NATO buildup on the western borders of Russia and Belarus in Eastern Europe and the Black Sea.
Additionally, the leaks further expose the involvement of the Turkish government in supporting the insurgency in Syria. Deputy Chief of Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces Lieutenant-General Yasar Guler is also in the leaks. Lieutenant-General Guler describes that what was being discussed between the Turkish officials was the ignition of a war between Turkey and Syria. In context of what was being discussed, he recommends that Turkey increase its combat support for the insurgents inside Syria by making additional deliveries of weapons and ammunition to their fighters.
Before these leaks a scandal was caused when Turkish police stopped a MIT truck heading to Syria that was filled with weapons for the insurgent fighters. As a result of the increasing global public cognizance about the role of the Turkish government in destabilizing Syria, Turkey's own collaborators and allies are publicly distance themselves from Prime Minister Erdogan and the AKP. Ankara should take note: there are now reports with unnamed officials from places allied to Turkey that are washing their hands clean of the actions of Turkey.
Al Qaeda Middle East Syria Turkey
March 30, 2014 | World
Social scientist, award-winning writer, columnist, and researcher
A Tale of Two Nuclear Deals: The China and Iran Factors Behind the Singapore Summit
A Tale of Two Nuclear Deals: Trump's Road to Singapore with North Korea
Trump's Task Is to Reverse the 'Roll Out' of Iran by Challenging the JCPOA
Washington Complicates the Dispute in the South China Sea
Mission Accomplished: Fallout Between Iran and Russia in Syria?


President Trump's trade war is about to see another player in the motorcycle industry jump ship from American soil, and this time it is heavyweight Polaris Industries.
According to a report by the Minneapolis/St. Paul Business Journal, Polaris is considering moving some of its production capacity to Europe, eyeing a production facility in Poland that would build units for the European market.
The move is a direct response to the retaliatory tariffs imposed by the European Union on motorcycle imports, which itself was a response to the Trump Administration's taxing of steel and aluminum imports.
We have already reported on the European Union's 25% tariff increase (6% to 31%) on American-made motorcycles, and how those import taxes are going to affect in particular Harley-Davidson. The short version: not well.
Seeing that writing on the wall, Harley-Davidson has responded to Europe's retaliatory tariffs, though it is perhaps not the response that the American government was hoping for when it began taxing aluminum and steel from European Union member states.
As such, Harley-Davidson plans to shift its production for motorcycles destined to the European market from its factories in the United States to it facilities abroad.
"Increasing international production to alleviate the EU tariff burden is not the company's preference, but represents the only sustainable option," the iconic American brand is reported saying in a regulatory filing.
The motorcycle industry is still deep in the throes of trying to prevent the United States Trade Representative (USTR) from taxing small-displacement motorcycles from Europe with a 100% tariff.
The proposed tariff would double the cost of any two-wheeled vehicle manufactured in Europe, with displacements between 51cc and 500cc , but the real kicker is that the proposed tariff isn't really about motorcycles…it's about beef.
For roughly 30 years now, the United States (one of the largest producers of beef) has been trying to gain access to the European market, but the EU bans beef that has been grown with hormones, because of health concerns (the ban also has the nice side-effect of protecting European beef growers).
To put pressure on the European Union, the beef industry (through lobbying the USTR) has proposed a number of retaliatory tariffs on European imports in the USA, motorcycles being one of them. Welcome to International Trade 101.
However, a major breakthrough happened last week, one that could affect this bovine standoff, and it has to with Chinese chicken.


text:
Q: List merging code clarification In the Code below I'm not sure what the first three lines do? I understand that the fourth line recursively takes the head off of List 1 and List2, but why are the rules above that needed?
interweave([],[],[]).
interweave([X],[],[X]).
interweave([],[Y],[Y]).
interweave([X|List1],[Y|List2],[X,Y|Result]) :-
   interweave(List1,List2,Result).

A: In Prolog, you can answer such questions without looking at the actual code! Simply ask the most general query:
?- interweave(Xs,Ys,Zs).
   Xs = [], Ys = [], Zs = []
;  Xs = [_A], Ys = [], Zs = [_A]
;  Xs = [], Ys = [_A], Zs = [_A]
;  Xs = [_A], Ys = [_B], Zs = [_A,_B]
; ... .

So these cases are covered: If both lists are empty, or if exactly one of them contains exactly one element.

A: As others have pointed out, when you have a recursive predicate clause such as:
interweave([X|List1], [Y|List2], [X,Y|Result]) :-
   interweave(List1, List2, Result).

You need a termination case. Otherwise, where does the logic end? In this case, as long as both of the first two arguments are lists of at least one element (or can validly be instantiated as such), and the third argument is a list of at least two elements (or can be instantiated as such), then recursion will occur.
When you pass lists in for the first two arguments and expect a result in the third, then eventually you'll hit one of the following cases which will fail the above predicate clause:
1. interweave([], List2, Result), where List2 has at least one element
2. interweave(List1, [], Result), where List1 has at least one element
3. interweave([], [], Result)

All three of these cases will fail the above predicate clause because [X|T] cannot be unified with []. It necessarily is a list of at least one element. Thus, without the base cases, the entire predicate fails if any of the arguments are fully instantiated, or will recurse infinitely if none of them are.
Therefore, you need at least one base case which will succeed. But what should the base cases be? It depends upon what behavior you desire for the predicate. In the case of the original implementation, the base cases give you the following behaviors:
1) interweave([], [], []). enables success when both of the original input lists are the same length.
2) interweave([X], [], [X]). enables success when the first list has exactly one more element than the second list.
3) interweave([], [Y], [Y]). enables success when the second list has exactly one more element than the first list.
@CapelliC pointed out the effects in his answer. So in the current implementation you show, with the three base cases, the following would succeed:
interweave([1,2,3], [a,b,c], R).  % R = [1,a,2,b,3,c]
interweave([1,2,3], [a,b], R).  % R = [1,a,2,b,3]
interweave([1,2], [a,b,c], R).  % R = [1,a,2,b,c]

However, the following would fail:
interweave([1,2,3], [a], R).
interweave([1], [a,b,c], R).
etc

You can change this behavior in several ways. For example, if you want to require that the two input lists are identical in length, then leave out base cases #2 and #3. If you want lists of any length to "weave" together and just append the extra elements, then you can change the base cases to:
interweave([], L, L).
interweave(L, [], L).

These say that an empty list woven with another list, L, is the list L. And since [] is a list, then you get interweave([], [], []) succeeding without having to state it explicitly. It will, however, succeed twice for interweave([], [], []). and, as a result, yield some duplicate results in some cases. To avoid this, you can define these base cases as:
interweave([], L, L).
interweave(L, [], L) :- L = [_|_].  % Only true for non-empty list L

A: When you code a recursive procedure, you usually specify the so called 'base case', that is, what to do when it's not more necessary or possible to call again the procedure.
So those 3 rules specify the base case of interweave/3. An high level description of the whole procedure could read (but to be true I find Prolog code clearer :)

interweave(List1,List2,Result): Result has all elements of List1 and List2 placed sequentially. The length of List1 and List2 must differ at most of 1.


A man from Tangail has been sentenced to seven years in prison for circulating a photoshopped image of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and other politicians in 2013.
Monir Hossain was jailed by Bangladesh Cyber Tribunal judge Mohammad As-Shams Joglul Hossain on Wednesday.
Monir had been on bail and appeared in court for the verdict, Al Mamun, a tribunal official, told bdnews24.com. He was also fined Tk 10,000.
Alamgir Hossain and Subrata Shil -- two others accused in the case started under the ICT Act -- were acquitted as charges against them were not proved, said Mamun.
Monir used to run his 'Monir Telecom' shop at Tangail's Nagarpur. He had sent doctored images of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, late president Zillur Rahman and former Indian prime minister Manmohan Singh to mobile phones of users, said the verdict.
Saturia Police arrested Alamgir after finding out that he was showing around the 'vulgar photoshopped images' on his phone.
"Following his arrest, Alamgir told police he got the images from Monir Telecom at Nagarpur's Kedarpur Bazar." Monir was then arrested in a police raid.
A case was filed by police under Section 57 (2) of the ICT Act, which sets down punishment for distribution of content damaging to individuals over electronic media.
Monir, Alamgir, Subrata and Probhash Chandra Sarkar were named in the case.
In March 2014, police pressed charges in court against the four accused.
The cyber court indicted Monir, Alamgir and Subrata on Feb 17, 2015.
Of the 18 persons listed as witnesses in the case, 10 testified in court. Two were called in by defence to testify on behalf of Monir.