Good sleep is necessary for a baby's physical, mental and psychological development. Besides, the quality of sleep directly affects almost all aspects of kid's life, starting with his height and weight and ending with school performance.
If you want to raise a healthy child, you need to make your kid go to bed on time to have a full sleep. Sleep is crucial to a child's physical, cognitive and emotional health. The advantages of good sleep are very high. It helps to memorize information better, makes children happier, protects against diseases of the cardiovascular system and boosts the immunity.
From a vast number of different baby's nightlights, we'd like to highlight Hontry Rotating Night Light & Projector and Bubzi Co Baby Sleep Aid Night Light. They are entirely different, but each of them has its own features.
Hontry Rotating Night Light is one the best star light projectors that illuminates light of 4 different colors (blue, white, green and red). It looks like a real light show, and there is no doubt that many kids will be attracted by such a spectacle. It also can serve as an amazing decoration in baby's room since it has got a lantern, so you can hang it everywhere you wish. An egg-shaped star projector features a 995-minute timer. Thanks to its simple design and durability it can be a fantastic gift to every family. So, we would highly recommend you to buy it. What is pleasant that this device can be used as a night lamp or a decoration for different holidays.
To our mind Bubzi Co Baby Sleep Aid Night Light is one of the most charming and cute night lights. Kids will definitely love such a soft owl baby light at first sight. Besides a great design, it's full of different options such as five levels of volume control, 10 soothing lullabies, and a star projector. In the evening time, it projects stars of red, blue and green colors. Such an atmosphere will make tots feel calm and peaceful. Don't hesitate to buy it. If you want your child to fall asleep quickly, it's the right choice for your toddlers.
Why Are the Night Lights Useful?
There are cases when children are afraid of falling asleep just because of the darkness in the room. For this reason, parents, who take care of their tots, often install children's night light in their babies' rooms.
Children's nightlights are very functional and help to relieve tension that prevents from relaxing and falling asleep and create a comfortable and cozy atmosphere.
With the soft light of a night light, kids can fall asleep more easily. Such light doesn't frighten them like full darkness, and in contrast to bright lighting, the light of a night lamp adjusts to sleeping.
If at night the child wants to go to the toilet or drink some water, the soft light helps him orient in space and besides it' will be helpful for mum who wants to change baby's diaper. So night lights are beneficial for kids and adults as well.
Nowadays you will be pleasantly surprised by a number of the night lights on the market. This may cause a massive problem for many parents who don't know exactly which product better to buy. We reviewed different baby night lights and made some classification. We hope that it will help many adults to make a decision which baby product is worth buying.
Nightlights may vary in shape, size, functionality, and price. There are several types of children's night lights: desk, wall, nightlights projectors, salt lamps, "Smart" nightlights, and toy nightlights. Each of them has its own peculiarities.
2. A desk lamp with a night light function, working in different lighting modes.
The second variant very often has a touch sensor so you can control the lamp with only one touch.
They are available in the shape of a star, moon, flower, or any other form that is suitable for kid's room. Wall nightlights are very practical, comfortable and durable. In most cases children like them to be hung over their crib.
Many parents find Nightlights Projectors. The most widespread is the "starry sky" which is created by a rotating lamp. Currently, many parents find such night the best laser star projector. Often the glow is accompanied with a melody or sounds of nature. Such musical nightlight projector provides a calm effect and makes baby fall asleep quickly.
A salt lamp is a useful alternative to the traditional children's night light. It represents itself a ceramic container in the form of a house, animal or other unusual shapes, filled with pieces of salt and with a lamp arranged inside. The salt lamp gives a soft light, ionizes and fills the air with useful substances, raises the tone and the mood of the child.
"Smart" Nightlights are lamps that are equipped with sensors inside. They can be with either with photocells (if the darkness is approaching the nightlight is turned on by itself and turned off in the light) or with sound sensors (the night light reacts on baby's cry after he woke up). Some of them perform lullabies.
Such "smart" devices save electricity, and they also perform the function of "nanny". Very often they come with music.
Lamps of this type are most popular with children. They look like usual toys (turtle, cat, bird, etc.) with a bulb inside. These nightlights may be soft, with which your kid can even sleep, or plastic that can be put on the table. Very often they feature some other functions – they can sing, tell fairy tales, play lullabies and so on.
Perhaps the most important criterion that plays a crucial role in buying any baby products is safety. When choosing a night light parents should pay great attention to the following features.
Nightlight has to be made from a sturdy and high-quality material. If you are looking for a plastic nightlight, it's advisable to review its instructions since a night light can melt with a very close contact with lamp. In this case, it may lead to injuries.
A lamp with LEDs will work for you much longer, unlike an ordinary lamp. Such night light won't be heated up and protect the child from burns. Besides, it will significantly save electricity and give your child a pleasant illumination that won't hurt small eyes.
This feature is as important as the quality of a night light. Thanks to this option you can set up the intensity of light or music due to your needs and requirements.
In fact color influences on the way the toddler sleeps. Many scientists believe that blue color stimulates baby's attention and mind. It is highly recommended to buy red or orange night lights. The illumination of these colors reminds a baby that it's time to go to bed.
If you started using the nightlight in the baby's room, you have to keep in mind some critical issues.
First of all don't keep the night light very close to flammable materials because it may lead to the fire. Never cover a baby night lamp with paper or any other soft things. It may also bring to the fire.
Store bulbs away from toddlers or smaller kids who can remove some items and swallow them.
If you want to change a bulb, don't forget to examine wattage, power, and construction of bulb base. Be sure that you set up a new lamp correctly. If the installed bulb is moving slightly, it can come out of the bulb base or just may be overheated.
So, follow these instructions and be very careful to keep in save your baby's health and life.
We have spent almost fifty hours on the collection and analysis of the best kid's night lights. For this purpose, we have chosen top 10 baby products which are worth parents' attention. We hope that this article will be helpful to lots of families to make the right choice in buying an excellent and useful night lamp for their tots.
Hatch Baby Rest Night Light And Sound Machine is a versatile device that represents itself not only a usual nightlight but a variety of sounds, colors, a set of options including an alert of time. This nightlight was created concerning all peculiarities of baby's sleep. Many scientists revealed that it features different colors that facilitate the productivity of baby's sleep and elaboration of melatonin.
What is great that Hatch Baby Rest can be fully set up or programmed using a smartphone. So, you just need to download a special app on your smartphone, and you can adjust Hatch night light due to your needs and requirements. It will be very convenient for many parents.
At first, you may use this night lamp to feed your baby at night or just to change a diaper. Over time, you will be able to use another function, which will alert your toddler about the time when he can get up in the morning.
Can be adjusted with a smartphone.
Comes with many colors and sounds.
Can't be programmed with all smartphones.
Having lots of sounds and bright colors Hatch Baby Rest Night Light And Sound Machine will create an incredibly cozy and favorable surrounding for better baby's sleep.
Hontry Rotating Night Light & Projector is one the most charming nightlight thanks to its four lights of blue, green, white and red that illuminate the sky full of stars on the walls or ceiling of baby's room. The kid just needs to remove the night lamp's cover, and he can see a sky with a lot of stars dancing and spinning around on the walls. Such a fantastic option will be definitely eye-catching and admiring for each kid.
The star projector can also be removed from this nightlight, and you can put a cover on it. Being designed with a lanyard, you can hang it anywhere you wish, and it will look like a nice adornment-lantern for your baby's room.
Well thought-out and comfortable design.
Set up with a 995-minute timer.
Serves both as a night light and a home decoration.
Doesn't have any sounds or melodies.
Since children are always curious about bright colors, stars and so on, Hontry Rotating Night Light & Projector will be an ideal present for them and maybe one of the best star light projectors. What is pleasant that this device can be used as a night lamp or a decoration for different holidays.
Many tots will be absolutely happy by having a fantastic Cloud B Twilight Turtle that can be used both as a night lamp or toy. The shell of the night lamp features a lot of stars through which either one or three different colors illuminate. The toddler will admire stars on the walls or ceiling that will definitely help him to calm down and fall asleep quickly. But there is no possibility to switch it on for all night long.
Twilight Turtle is set up with a 45-minute timer, and the baby's room will get dark when the baby falls asleep. The dimensions of this baby lamp are 12" x 8" x 3.9. To work it needs three AAA batteries.
Can't work the whole night.
Needs a screwdriver for changing the batteries.
So, with Cloud B Twilight Turtle night lamp with glowing stars, your child will feel calm and peaceful.
Starry Night Mobile Soother Night Light is a 3-in-1 device which plays the music of three different kinds such as classic, lullaby, and music of nature. It is equipped with a volume control that has four different adjustments.
The most significant advantage is that this baby product grows together with your tot. At first, it can be attached to the baby's crib or stroller. As soon as the child learned how to sit, parents can remove the central part of Starry Night that will glow different moving images like stars and so on. When the kid is older, you may arrange it as a bedside lamp.
4 levels of volume control.
Hard washable toys since they are made from fabric.
Loud buzzing voice while music is playing.
If you want your baby to sleep tight Starry Night Mobile Soother Night Light is a good purchase that creates a really calm and relaxing atmosphere. Nine charming songs, toys, projecting light will make your toddler feel happy and relaxed.
This toddler night light is a perfect variant for new-born babies thanks to its LED lights that are safe for tiny infants' eyes. Some night lamps equipped with bulbs that are very harmful to the baby's eyes. That may be a big problem for both kids and their parents.
Using this device will help mothers to feed their baby or change a diaper at night time.
What is good that with VAVA night lamp you can control its light brightness not to bother your child. You just need to touch the top of the night light or the logo Vava in the middle.
The very product is very sturdy because it's made from durable polymers. Thus Vava Baby Light doesn't heat much, and you can easily hold it in your hands.
It's designed with a lithium battery that can be recharged. Usually, the night lamp works up to five hours on the maximum brightness. But if you use the minimum light intensity, it can work up to 80 hours.
Can run up to 80 hours.
The control of light intensity.
The absence of a timer.
With an adjustable light brightness and eighty hours of running time, VAVA Baby LED Night Light is worth buying. We would highly recommend it.
Looking very cute and soft Bubzi Co Baby Sleep Aid Night Light is considered to be one of the most adorable night lights for kids. The owl night light is neutral in color white and grey so it can be used both by girls and boys.
It features a back stripe which parents can attach to the baby's crib or stroller and a projector that can be easily removed if you want to change batteries. If you switch on the power button, it performs music. The toy night light has got 10 different lullabies that will make your toddler feel calm and fall asleep immediately. If you press two arrow buttons, the music keeps on playing up to thirty minutes and then the night light will be automatically switched off. Besides, this baby product is designed with five different levels of volume.
At night Bubzi Night Light projects quite pretty. On the walls or ceiling, your infant can see stars of three different colors – red, blue and green. Your kid will definitely like such a fairy tale and charming atmosphere.
The very toy can be easily washed after removing a projector with batteries.
Five adjustments of volume control.
Easily operated with simple buttons.
Easily washable after removing an electronic component.
Isn't enough bright to change a diaper at night.
The batteries drain very fast.
Reviewed all features of Bubzi Co Baby Sleep Aid Night Light, it can become one of the best kid's lamps. The owl night light with its softness and charm, 10 amazing lullabies, volume control, a star projector will exactly attract baby's attention.
This is a modern dome-shaped night lamp which is full of diverse options which may be set up by a remote. A dome cover can be taken off, and in this case, the light will illuminate very brightly. It will look like an incredible light show. But if the night light with a dome globe on the light will be soft.
It features a timer which can be set up with one, two or three hours by the remote. If you wish you may switch off the timer and you can admire the light all over the night. If there isn't any operation over an hour this product is turned off automatically.
There three brightness adjustments. Besides, the night lamp is equipped with eight various projection modes. So, you can choose that mode whatever your toddler wants and likes. Thanks to this function, a baby's room acquires a fantastically relaxing and calm atmosphere that helps your toddler to fall asleep.
Being packed with the AUX cable parents can install the baby lamp to any smartphone and play their baby's favorite music while the projector is on.
SOAIY Aurora night light is very safe since it has got LED bulbs that won't cause any damage to baby's eyes.
A great variety of functions.
Designed with a remote controller and a built-in speaker.
Able to be connected via USB.
Thanks to its modern multifunctionality there is no doubt that SOAIY Aurora Projection LED Night Light is worth buying. With a real light show, your toddler will be happy and exciting.
For many customers Safety 1st LED Nightlight looks too simple and not pretty, but on the other hand, this device is really durable and safe for the toddlers. The night lamp has got a usual plug with a round LED bulb that glows a very soft light that will be pleasant for baby's eyes.
What is great about Safety 1st LED Nightlight, that it won't be heated after long hours of usage. Besides, you won't have any troubles in operating this night lamp. It is equipped with a sensor that automatically switches the night light on or off. This option usually contingents upon how light is there in the baby's room. In addition to this, it doesn't need any batteries.
Thanks to its simplicity, safety and durability Safety 1st LED Nightlight is considered to be the top night lamps for babies.
This cute hippo is full of different activities that make your toddler feel comfy and calm. It represents itself not only a sweet night light but an awesome star projector that glows the stars on the ceiling or walls of baby's room. Thanks to this option hippo nightlight create a really soothing atmosphere for baby's bedtime. But unlike products as mentioned above, the stars don't rotate.
It also plays more than one hundred different nursery rhymes music, sounds of natures and many other tunes. In addition to this, there are four colorful lights that together with sounds are perfect for a starry night.
The night light features a timer (from fifteen, thirty or forty-five minutes) thus parents can select how long the melodies play. An unusual option of this cute hippo night light is that it answers to infant's cries. In this case, the night light performs a charming music to help the tot to fall asleep one more time.
Since it doesn't need to be plugged into the outlet, you can easily take it with you while traveling. But be aware that it requires two AA batteries.
Set up with a timer.
With its great variety of sounds, an adorable design, and a star projector VTech Baby Critters Soothing Starlight may become one of the best star projectors for your tot.
This night lamp is very popular with its ability to clean the air of dust and any other allergy pathogens. An oval-ish shaped lamp with 15-watt bulb stands on a wooden base that is screwed on. If you want to change the light bulb you have to unscrew one screw and detach the bottom of the wooden base. Besides, this night light has an extension cord with a dimmable function on it. So, you can adjust the brightness of light as you want. At daytime, it looks like nice pink quartz, and at night it illuminates a soft glow. You may notice that during the night the colors are different because of the lamp's rough surface.
This salt lamp doesn't provide a lot of light, but it creates an incredibly peaceful and calm atmosphere that will be helpful to kid to fall asleep very fast. You can put this lamp in a different place, and it can be a beautiful decoration for your baby's room.
Adjustable brightness of the light.
A bit boring for babies.
Made in Pakistan, Himalayan Salt ROCK BABY Night Light will be a good choice for your tots in creating a very warm, soothing and cozy atmosphere in their room. But the greatest advantage is that it's a wonderful air purifier.
In the child's room, the night light performs the lighting and decorative function, serves as an excellent assistant to the baby and his mother as well. With its help, parents can create a unique and cozy atmosphere, rid of the baby's fears, give him warmth, comfort, and a real fairy tale. But the biggest advantage of using night lights is that they really make baby feel relaxed and fall asleep easily.


text:
The Best City Tours in Seattle
Seattle Travel Guide › City Tours
Both the Ultimate Food Experience with Local Guide (private tour) and Pike Place Market Chef-Guided Food Tour (small-group tour) are excellent city tours of the highlights of Pike Place Market and surrounding neighborhood.
Seattle's Best City Tours
Downtown Seattle Tours: A totem pole in Pioneer Square.
1. Tours Northwest
Tours Northwest offers Seattle city tours in two different lengths; the shorter 3 hour driving tour all takes place within the bus, with guides pointing out local highlights and history, while the 6 hour Day Tour (available in the summer months) includes a trip up the Space Needle and two hours in Pike Place Market. Their passenger coaches are clean, comfortable, and air-conditioned, and guides are super friendly and accommodating. Tours Northwest also offers Boeing Factory tours, Mount Rainier day tours, and pre/post-Alaska cruise tours that include transportation and baggage handling.
Tours pick up and drop off at all downtown hotels.
2. Shutter Tours
This photo-centric four-hour tour is a great way to learn the history and layout of Seattle, as well as venture outside the city to scenic Snoqualmie falls. Knowledgable guides know all the best photo stops, and their tips and tricks will ensure that your vacation photos are suitably wow-worthy. (No fancy SLR required, even a disposable can capture some great shots with a little guidance.) Seattle/Snoqualmie tours run daily year-round, except during the month of April, when the company shuttles aspiring photographers north into the Skagit River Valley for the stunning and colorful Tulip Festival. No meals are included in the price of the tour, but water and light snacks are available, as well as food for purchase along the way.
Tours depart from Pike Place Market but will pick up at downtown hotels by request.
3. Seattle by Foot Kids Tours
The popular Kids Tour by walking tour company, Seattle by Foot, is a great way to explore downtown Seattle with kids 10 and under. Fun guides (sometimes with their own children working alongside them as "junior tour guides") keep kids interested and the pace brisk. Along with other stops, you'll explore Pike Place Market, get a kids' eye view of Seattle's public art and architecture, and even make a masterpiece at Seattle Art Museum. Tours are private (priced per family), last approximately two hours, and can be customized to accommodate all different ages and interests.
Tours depart from Pike Place Market.
4. Seattle by Segway
These things scream "I'm a tourist," but they're fun to ride and easier to master than they appear. Zip around town on these electronic marvels of transportation, covering much more ground than you could on foot. Small group Segway tours of two to eight people begin just south of downtown, traveling along the waterfront, up through Pioneer Square and Pike Place Market, over to Seattle Center and the Space Needle, and down through Myrtle Edwards waterfront park – all in under two hours. Tours run year-round, rain or shine. No experience is necessary and there's no age limit, though tours are recommended for people aged 12 and up.
Tours depart from 214 Alaskan Way South, near Pioneer Square.
5. Blake Island/Tillicum Village Tour
A fascinating introduction to Seattle Native People's History. 4 hours in total, the trip begins with a beautiful 45-minute boat cruise to Blake Island. There you're treated to a Pacific Northwest-inspired buffet with alder wood-smoked salmon, and stories and dance from Coast Salish tribe members – all in a traditional Native longhouse. Afterward, stick around to poke about the museum and gift shop, or explore the trails of beautiful Blake Island State Park. The combination of boat cruise, meal, and entertainment make this a great deal for the price. Excursions run from April through September, but July onward is your best chance for pleasant weather. Book early – these tours sell out, and an early-booking discount is offered more than 28 days in advance.
Tours depart from Pier 55 on Seattle's downtown waterfront.
6. Seattle Architecture Foundation
These volunteer-led downtown walking tours are organized around such architectural themes as Northwest Art Deco Skyscrapers, Design Details, and Hidden Spaces in Public Places. No previous experience with architecture is required; you'll learn as you go – not only about the buildings, but about the city and its history, as well. Tours run year-round, rain or shine (but only on Saturdays in the winter months). Outside of downtown, SAF also leads tours in the neighborhoods of Capitol Hill, Queen Anne, South Lake Union, as well as the University of Washington campus. Not recommended for children under 12.
Tours depart from various locations, check website for details.
7. Benaroya Hall
This concert hall is home to the Seattle Symphony and is renowned for its award-winning architecture and technology-infused acoustical properties. Free public tours of Benaroya Hall are offered on various dates year-round (check the website for schedule.) Two tours are offered: an abbrevaited tour at noon, and a full tour at 1pm. Both tours are scheduled in conjunction with a free recital and demonstration of Benaroya's famous Watjen Concert Organ at 12:30. Reservations are not required for individuals or groups of fewer than 10.
Tours depart from Benaroya's Grand Lobby entrance at the corner of 34d Avenue and University Street.
8. Seattle Art Museum
The Seattle Art Museum's permanent collection is impressive; a hodge-podge of Egyptian, African, Native American, Asian, European, pop, and contemporary works, as well as a fantastic variety of world-class touring exhibits – and free tours are available with museum admission. Some tours focus on a single gallery, while some highlight the favorite works of SAM's curators, visual artists, and critics. Most tours are 30 minutes, though special exhibition tours are more in depth and run about an hour in length. SAM even offers monthly Art Beyond Sight tours for visitors with low or no vision. Check the calendar for upcoming tour schedules.
Tours meet at various locations inside the museum.
9. Wing Luke Museum
This great museum, focused on the Pacific Northwest's immigrant communities, is located in Seattle's International district, and their fantastic walking tours are a great way to explore this diverse neighborhood. The Historic Hotel Tour takes you into a 1910 general store and through a series of staged rooms that show how different populations lived when they first came to our city. There are also seasonal food tours, a Bruce Lee-themed tour, and a tour that takes readers to the sites in the popular novel, Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and Sweet, about a Chinese boy and a Japanese girl struggling through the times of WWII internment camps. Tour prices include all-day museum admission.
Tours depart from The Wing Luke Museum at 719 South King Street.
10. Ballard Locks Tours
Ballard's Hiram M. Chittenden Locks help boats get from salty Puget Sound to freshwater Lake Union (and vice versa) while maintaining the water level of Lake Union at 20 to 22 feet above sea level. Its Fish Ladder does the same thing for spawning salmon, allowing them to return to the lakes and rivers around Seattle. Free one-hour guided tours are given daily at the Locks from March through November at 2pm. Reservations are not required.
Tours depart from the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks Visitor Center.
11. Olympic Sculpture Park
The Olympic Sculpture Park is a branch of Seattle Art Museum located along Seattle's downtown waterfront, just downhill from Seattle Center. It's home to a great collection of modern works by contemporary artists: most notably, Alexander Calder, Claes Oldenburg, and Louise Bourgeois. Besides boasting an impressive collection, the Sculpture Park is one of downtown Seattle's few green spaces, set amid picturesque views of the sound, mountains, and ferries. Admission is free, and hour-long public tours are offered at 1pm on weekends from April through November. Check the SAM events calendar for details.
Tours depart from the Sculpture Park's Paccar Pavilion.
Seattle's Best Offbeat Tours
Seattle Kush Tours
12. Stalking Seattle: A Rock and Roll Sightseeing Tour
Any fan of 90's grunge music will love this tour, which visits locations relevant to such bands and artists as Pearl Jam, Nirvana/Kurt Cobain, Jimi Hendrix, Alice in Chains, and more. Aside from the city's music history, tour guide Charity provides a solid overview of the city layout. Small and personal tours are capped at five passengers, and last about 2 1/2 hours.
Tours depart from MoPOP at Seattle Center, under the Space Needle.
13. Kush Tourism Cannabis Tours
For an in-depth look at local marijuana commerce and culture, check out Kush Tourism's Seattle Kush Tour. Their friendly and professional guides take you behind the scenes to explore this evolving industry – from seed to shop – with those in the know. Tour groups are small (up to 6 people), and begin and end at a studio space in south Seattle, where you'll be treated to a pipe-blowing demonstration. You'll visit and tour Dawg Star Cannabis, one of the Seattle's premiere licensed grow facilities, and a production facility where extractions and edibles are produced. Finally, you'll put your new-found knowledge into practice at one of the city's best retail shops. Kush Tourism also offers private tours, as well as a Cannabis & Spirits Experience tour, which visits a grow facility and a local distillery. Age 21+
Tours depart from Boro School of Glass, at 1300 South Dearborn Street.
Seattle Stadium Tours
T-Mobile Park Stadium Tour
14. T-Mobile Park
T-Mobile Park is home to the Seattle Mariners Major League Baseball team. Tours of the stadium are about an hour long, and include private suites, the visitor's clubhouse, the press box, the field, and both team dugouts. Tickets can be purchased through their website in advance, or pick them up at the Team Store shortly before the tour is scheduled to depart. Wheelchair/stroller accessible.
Tours depart from the stadium's Team Store on First Avenue.
15. Lumen Field
Lumen Field is the home stadium of both the Seattle Seahawks football team and the Seattle Sounders FC. Stadium tours last about 90 minutes, visiting the field, visitor's locker room, press box, private suites, and the famous 12th Man flagpole. Tickets can be purchased at the Downtown Pro Shop (at 4th and Pike) and the NW Box Office (off Occidental) – they sell out quickly and cannot be purchased by phone or online, so it's recommended that you get there at least a half hour before the tour is scheduled to start. It's also a good idea to call ahead to confirm the tour schedule, as tours aren't given on event days. Wheelchair/stroller accessible.
Tours depart from the Stadium Pro Shop off Occidental Avenue.
16. Husky Stadium
The University of Washington's Husky football team plays at this picturesque campus stadium, northeast of downtown in Seattle's University District. Sitting directly on the shores of Lake Washington, with the Cascade Mountains and Mount Rainier in the distance, Husky Stadium has been called "the greatest setting in college football." Highlights of the stadium tour are a visit to the Husky Hall of Fame, traveling down the football tunnel out onto the field, and seeing parts of the stadium that the public doesn't get to see. Tours are given every Tuesday and Thursday at 2pm, and last about an hour to an hour and a half – reserve a spot online in advance at least five business days in advance.
Tours depart from Alaska Airlines Arena (Hec Ed. Pavilion), at 3870 Montlake Boulevard NE.
Seattle's Best Local Industry Tours
Filson Factory Tour
17. Boeing Factory Tour
This 90-minute enormous factory tour, located 25 miles north of Seattle in Everett, Washington, is a must-see for anyone interested in aviation, and many people's favorite Seattle attraction. After an informative video introduction, walk the floors of this enormous plant and see 747, 777, and 787 Dreamliners in production. If you lack a car, there are many local tour companies that will pick you up at your hotel. Tours are given daily, year-round. Reservations should be made in advance, as these tours frequently sell out. While booking, please notify the tour company of any mobility issues, so they can plan ahead. Children must be at least 4 feet tall.
8415 Paine Field Boulevard, Mukilteo, WA
18. Amazon Headquarters Tour
The online mega-retailer, Amazon, is not only a local company, but the single largest private employer in Seattle. Visit their vast and pet-friendly South Lake Union campus and see this tech-industry behemoth in action. These free tours last approximately 90 minutes and are given on Wednesdays, at 10am and 2pm. You'll need to register well in advance, as these tours are popular and do book out. Ages 6 and up, please. If you're not able to secure a spot, Amazon offers a free audio tour through Audible.com.
19. Filson Factory Tour
Filson has created rugged outdoor clothing and goods out of Seattle for over a century, and provides complimentary tours of the manufacturing facility housed within their beautiful new Flagship store in SoDo. Walk the factory floor and see their expert craftspeople turn raw materials into high-quality garments, bags and gear. Tours are offered at 10am on Tuesdays and 1:30pm every Thursdays, RSVP on the website to secure your spot. 12 and over, please.
20. Geocaching Headquarters Tour
If you're a fan of the worldwide GPS-based scavenger hunt, then this is the Mothership. Just pop in during their weekday drop-in hours (Monday through Friday, 9am-5pm) to log the coveted HQ cache, get exclusive swag, and meet the Lackeys who make it all happen. It's all free. After your visit, take the GeoTour, a fun 9-stop multi geocache within walking distance of HQ. Note that, due to high visitor volume in a small office space, visits between August 14 and September 8 must be registered in advance.
837 N 34th St, Suite 300
21. Gates Foundation Visitor Center
A delightful surprise and very kid-friendly. Just across the street from Seattle Center, the Gates Foundation Visitor Center explores the work of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, its philosophy, and the best ways to improve health and education around the world. The theme of exhibits often returns to two questions: What does it take to change the world? How can each of us make a difference? The center is a lot more fun than it might sound and there's a fair bit of hands-on exploration. Plus, it's free, so easy to drop in for as long or as little as you want. Open Tuesday-Saturday from 10am-5pm, with public tours offered at 2pm.
440 Fifth Avenue North

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Initially, the work plan only outlines the subject of research in general terms, but in the future it can and should be refined, but the main task set by the applicant should remain unchanged. The work plan has an arbitrary form: it usually consists of a list of rubrics linked by the internal logic of the study. Individual sections of the plan should be written on separate cards. This allows us to find a more logical and acceptable scheme for their location as a result of a number of mechanical permutations. The next stage of the work is a plan-prospectus, which is a summary of logically arranged questions, on which all the collected factual material will later be systematized and give your work to some one who can do a proofreading of your work. According to this plan, it is possible to judge the main provisions of the content of the dissertation, the principles of the disclosure of the topic, the construction and correlation of the volumes of its individual parts. Almost the plan-prospectus is a draft of the dissertation with a summary of the contents of its chapters and paragraphs. The need to draw up a prospect plan is determined by the fact that by systematically including new data in such a plan, it can be brought to the final structural and factual scheme of the dissertation work. Here, the general goal of the work is determined, the central task is formulated, available reserves are identified and the methods and techniques necessary for the fulfillment of the plan.
In creative research the plan always has a dynamic, mobile character. He can not and should not connect the development of the concept of the thesis, while maintaining a clear and definite scientific direction in the work. Acquaintance with the literature published on the topic of the dissertation begins with the development of the idea of the proposed scientific research, which finds its expression in the theme and work plan of the thesis. This makes it possible to more purposefully search for literature sources on a selected topic and to delve deeper into the material contained in published works in the press. It is necessary to determine the order of the search and, in accordance with it, to compile a card file or a list of literary sources on the topic.
Correctly compiled, proofread and edit files, even with a cursory review of the titles of sources, allows you to cover the topic as a whole and clarify the goals at the beginning of the research. All kinds of sources whose contents are connected with the topic of the dissertation research should be reviewed: materials published in various domestic and foreign publications; Unpublished documents (reports on scientific research works, theses, author's abstracts, deposited manuscripts, etc.); Official materials. The degree of development of the problem is most appropriately revealed when acquaintance with information publications, the purpose of issuing operational information about both the publications themselves and the most significant aspects of their content. Information publications, unlike bibliographic, operate not only with information about printed works, but also with ideas and facts, in them prisoners. Before publication the work needs to be proofread by native speaker.
In addition to efficiency, they are distinguished by the novelty of information, the full coverage of sources and the availability of a reference tool that allows you to quickly organize and find the necessary materials. Bibliographic publications contain an ordered set of bibliographic descriptions announcing what is published on the issue of interest. Bibliographic indexes are most often of a signal character and consist of a list of bibliographic descriptions often without annotations and abstracts.


The choice of location of a company when starting or relocating the problems of the companies in the search for the optimal location is one of the most important business decisions. It has long-term character and is only heavily revised. It has direct influence on the investment costs for setting up the company with land and construction prices. It affects cost sizes in the long term as regional taxes, transportation costs, wages. It has long-term impact on the revenue situation by paragraph sizes such as purchasing power, population structure and competition.
An incorrectly selected location can be devastating existence. Since the first scientific examination of the site problem in 1826 by Johann Heinrich von Thunen there has been numerous studies on this issue. Several analyses of the location choice behavior of enterprises were carried out in the last 40 years. Most research had the objective to explain the influence of factors on the choice of the location, the influence of economic resources on the site selection study or location companies seeking to classify, for example in different types of operation. These investigations have led to different location factor systems, often mesh over to let. The different ranking of factors arises partly from collection at different times and different investigation targets. SKDKnickerbocker has much experience in this field.
The individual factors can be divided into different criteria or divide determinants. The transport factor could be location such as in the criteria to the highway, location to airport, classified location to public transport, etc.. Each site offers very specific conditions with regard to the factors and its determinants. Each company is in turn very specific requirements on a possible location. These depend on diverse conditions, such as the industry, the investment motives, but also personal visions of the top of the company. There are a variety of solution experiments and model types of location determination such as geometric models, static and dynamic investment calculations, mathematical methods of operations research, point valuation model, cost-benefit analysis, or profile method.


text:
#ifndef STDP_CONNECTION_EXT_H
#define STDP_CONNECTION_EXT_H

/* BeginDocumentation
  Name: stdp_synapse_ext - Extended Synapse type for spike-timing dependent
   plasticity.

  Description:
   stdp_synapse_ext is an extension of stdp_synapse with two more parameters.
   stdp_synapse is a connector to create synapses with spike time
   dependent plasticity (as defined in [1]). Here the weight dependence
   exponent can be set separately for potentiation and depression.

  Examples:
   multiplicative STDP [2]  mu_plus = mu_minus = 1.0
   additive STDP       [3]  mu_plus = mu_minus = 0.0
   Guetig STDP         [1]  mu_plus = mu_minus = [0.0,1.0]
   van Rossum STDP     [4]  mu_plus = 0.0 mu_minus = 1.0

  Parameters:
   tau_plus   double - Time constant of STDP window, potentiation in ms
                       (tau_minus defined in post-synaptic neuron)
   lambda     double - Step size
   alpha      double - Asymmetry parameter (scales depressing increments as alpha*lambda)
   mu_plus    double - Weight dependence exponent, potentiation
   mu_minus   double - Weight dependence exponent, depression
   Wmax       double - Maximum allowed weight
   EmitSpk    bool   - Determine whether to emit spikes or not
   Esyn       double - Multiplication to w when sending spikes
   LearnEn    bool   - Determine whether enable learning or not
   Gpre       double - None-STDP pre-synaptic learning factor
   Gpost      double - None-STDP post-synaptic learning factor

  Transmits: SpikeEvent

  References:
   [1] Guetig et al. (2003) Learning Input Correlations through Nonlinear
       Temporally Asymmetric Hebbian Plasticity. Journal of Neuroscience

   [2] Rubin, J., Lee, D. and Sompolinsky, H. (2001). Equilibrium
       properties of temporally asymmetric Hebbian plasticity, PRL
       86,364-367

   [3] Song, S., Miller, K. D. and Abbott, L. F. (2000). Competitive
       Hebbian learning through spike-timing-dependent synaptic
       plasticity,Nature Neuroscience 3:9,919--926

   [4] van Rossum, M. C. W., Bi, G-Q and Turrigiano, G. G. (2000).
       Stable Hebbian learning from spike timing-dependent
       plasticity, Journal of Neuroscience, 20:23,8812--8821

  FirstVersion: March 2006
  Author: Moritz Helias, Abigail Morrison
  SeeAlso: synapsedict, tsodyks_synapse, static_synapse
*/

#include "connection_het_wd.h"
#include "archiving_node.h"
#include "generic_connector.h"
#include <cmath>

using namespace nest;

namespace mynest
{
  class STDPConnectionExt : public ConnectionHetWD
  {

  public:
  /**
   * Default Constructor.
   * Sets default values for all parameters. Needed by GenericConnectorModel.
   */
  STDPConnectionExt();

  /**
   * Copy constructor.
   * Needs to be defined properly in order for GenericConnector to work.
   */
  STDPConnectionExt(const STDPConnectionExt &);

  /**
   * Default Destructor.
   */
  ~STDPConnectionExt() {}

  void check_connection(Node & s, Node & r, rport receptor_type, double_t t_lastspike);

  /**
   * Get all properties of this connection and put them into a dictionary.
   */
  void get_status(DictionaryDatum & d) const;

  /**
   * Set properties of this connection from the values given in dictionary.
   */
  void set_status(const DictionaryDatum & d, ConnectorModel &cm);

  /**
   * Set properties of this connection from position p in the properties
   * array given in dictionary.
   */
  void set_status(const DictionaryDatum & d, nest::index p, ConnectorModel &cm);

  /**
   * Create new empty arrays for the properties of this connection in the given
   * dictionary. It is assumed that they are not existing before.
   */
  void initialize_property_arrays(DictionaryDatum & d) const;

  /**
   * Append properties of this connection to the given dictionary. If the
   * dictionary is empty, new arrays are created first.
   */
  void append_properties(DictionaryDatum & d) const;

  /**
   * Send an event to the receiver of this connection.
   * \param e The event to send
   * \param t_lastspike Point in time of last spike sent.
   * \param cp common properties of all synapses (empty).
   */
  void send(Event& e, double_t t_lastspike, const CommonSynapseProperties &cp);

  // overloaded for all supported event types
  using Connection::check_event;
  void check_event(SpikeEvent&) {}

 private:

  double_t facilitate_(double_t w, double_t kplus);
  double_t depress_(double_t w, double_t kminus);

  // data members of each connection
  double_t tau_plus_;
  double_t lambda_;
  double_t alpha_;
  double_t mu_plus_;
  double_t mu_minus_;
  double_t Wmax_;
  double_t Kplus_;
  double_t Gpre_;
  double_t Gpost_;
  bool LearnEn_;
  bool EmitSpk_;
  double_t Esyn_;

  };

inline
double_t STDPConnectionExt::facilitate_(double_t w, double_t kplus)
{
  double_t norm_w = (w / Wmax_) + (lambda_ * std::pow(1.0 - (w/Wmax_), mu_plus_) * kplus);
  norm_w -= lambda_ * Gpost_ / Wmax_;
  if (norm_w < 0.0)
      return 0.0;
  else
      return norm_w < 1.0 ? norm_w * Wmax_ : Wmax_;
}

inline
double_t STDPConnectionExt::depress_(double_t w, double_t kminus)
{
  double_t norm_w = (w / Wmax_) - (alpha_ * lambda_ * std::pow(w/Wmax_, mu_minus_) * kminus);
  norm_w += lambda_ * Gpre_ / Wmax_;
  if (norm_w > 1.0)
    return Wmax_;
  else
    return norm_w > 0.0 ? norm_w * Wmax_ : 0.0;
}

inline
void STDPConnectionExt::check_connection(Node & s, Node & r, rport receptor_type, double_t t_lastspike)
{
  ConnectionHetWD::check_connection(s, r, receptor_type, t_lastspike);

  // For a new synapse, t_lastspike contains the point in time of the last spike.
  // So we initially read the history(t_last_spike - dendritic_delay, ...,  T_spike-dendritic_delay]
  // which increases the access counter for these entries.
  // At registration, all entries' access counters of history[0, ..., t_last_spike - dendritic_delay] will be
  // incremented by the following call to Archiving_Node::register_stdp_connection().
  // See bug #218 for details.
  r.register_stdp_connection(t_lastspike - Time(Time::step(delay_)).get_ms());
}

/**
 * Send an event to the receiver of this connection.
 * \param e The event to send
 * \param p The port under which this connection is stored in the Connector.
 * \param t_lastspike Time point of last spike emitted
 */
inline
void STDPConnectionExt::send(Event& e, double_t t_lastspike, const CommonSynapseProperties &)
{
  // synapse STDP depressing/facilitation dynamics

  double_t t_spike = e.get_stamp().get_ms();
  // t_lastspike_ = 0 initially
  double_t dendritic_delay = Time(Time::step(delay_)).get_ms();

  //get spike history in relevant range (t1, t2] from post-synaptic neuron
  std::deque<histentry>::iterator start;
  std::deque<histentry>::iterator finish;

  // For a new synapse, t_lastspike contains the point in time of the last spike.
  // So we initially read the history(t_last_spike - dendritic_delay, ...,  T_spike-dendritic_delay]
  // which increases the access counter for these entries.
  // At registration, all entries' access counters of history[0, ..., t_last_spike - dendritic_delay] have been
  // incremented by Archiving_Node::register_stdp_connection(). See bug #218 for details.
  target_->get_history(t_lastspike - dendritic_delay, t_spike - dendritic_delay,
                         &start, &finish);
  //facilitation due to post-synaptic spikes since last pre-synaptic spike
  double_t minus_dt;
  bool neg_w=false;
  if(weight_ < 0.0){
      neg_w = true;
      weight_ = -weight_;
  }

  while (start != finish)
  {
    minus_dt = t_lastspike - (start->t_ + dendritic_delay);
    ++start;
    if (minus_dt == 0)
      continue;
    if(LearnEn_)
        weight_ = facilitate_(weight_, Kplus_ * std::exp(minus_dt / tau_plus_));
  }

  //depression due to new pre-synaptic spike
  if(LearnEn_)
    weight_ = depress_(weight_, target_->get_K_value(t_spike - dendritic_delay));

  if(neg_w)
      weight_ = -weight_;

  if(EmitSpk_)
  {
    e.set_receiver(*target_);
    e.set_weight(weight_ * Esyn_);
    e.set_delay(delay_);
    e.set_rport(rport_);
    e();
  }

  Kplus_ = Kplus_ * std::exp((t_lastspike - t_spike) / tau_plus_) + 1.0;
}

} // of namespace nest

#endif // of #ifndef STDP_CONNECTION_EXT_H

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


she shrugs and threatens to just disappear?
Linked to dVerse Meeting the Bar. Frank is hosting today.
The challenge is to write a rubaiyat or some variation on that form. This is in iambic pentameter, four lines and rhyming AABA.
Nice rubaiyat! I like the courage of going down only in blazing glory.
I can see you are not going gentle into that dark night! Very nice work!
They're meant to be connected..with 'she' being life. I love it though when it's interpreted differently. Thank you!
Life does seem to smirk at us some time, and you've captured it well in your rubaiyat, Viv! Well done for producing more than one rubia!
I absolutely love the personification of life in the very first line…smirking with crimson lips. It really sets up all the stanzas….wonderful response to the prompt!
You did capture life's cruel side but I like how you fight back to write your story!
Love the power of your voice in this.


text:
The Power Of Rocks: 180gm Opaque Orange Vinyl
Buffet Lunch
UTR133
Upset The Rhythm
BUFFET LUNCH are a Scottish group who make it their mission to craft satisfyingly imperfect pop songs filled with imagery and humour.The group's elementary parts are Perry O'Bray (Vocals/Keys/Guitar), Neil Robinson (Bass), John Muir (Lead Guitar) & Luke Moran (Drums), united by a shared love of music on the ABBA-to-Beefheart axis.
These four ricochet between Glasgow and Edinburgh, creating music that bristles with DIY spirit and upbeat wonkiness. Their tracks are vigorous excursions, meandering into clattersome terrain as often as hiking up into the breezy, melodious foothills.The desire to lead the listener along a curious tale helps tie things together, showcasing a lyrical playfulness that pins down their puzzle of sound.
Having been an active band for a few years, playing regularly north of the border with like-minds such as Irma Vep, Robert Sotelo and Kaputt, Buffet Lunch spent early 2020 working on the follow-up to their two EPs on Permanent Slump.The fruits from such labour bore out as the band's debut album 'ThePower of Rocks', out may 7th on UpsetTheRhythm.
'ThePower of Rocks' was recorded in a Crofters cottage/studio on the banks of Upper Loch Fyne in Argyll, over four nights and five days at the beginning of March 2020, before Covid-19 made itself such an ongoing concern. Back then four people could occupy the same space and make music, lunch and dinner together. Days fell into a pattern of long sessions and long meals.The album came together as a luminous mix of Buffet Lunch's live chestnuts, some sparky recent songs and some new material entirely written and recorded in situ. All tracks were recorded by Neil Robinson acting as the in-house engineer.


The world's second-largest employer and largest retailer Walmart has introduced a new tuition benefit for its employees and eligible family members in the US.
Introduced in partnership with education benefit platform Guild Education, the new tuition benefit was implemented on 30 May 2018 and was developed as a wider approach to help Walmart employees succeed by providing an easier means to a college education.
Through the new tuition benefit, employees have access to attain degrees in business or supply chain management from three partnered schools: Bellevue University, Brandman University and the University of Florida.
The cost of books, tuition costs, and fees are being subsidized by Walmart which currently has 1.4 million US employees, in other to cut down potential student loan debt.
The cost of books, tuition costs, and fees are being subsidized by Walmart which currently has 1.4 million US employees, in other to cut down potential student loan debt. Employees are subject to contribute $1 per day of classes towards their college degree under the scheme. That's about $75 per semester. Also, employees can compete paid training at Walmart Academics as a way of building college credit before undertaking their degree course.
In addition, the new tuition benefit provides employees with coaching by Guild Education that can support Walmart employees on some of the college enrollment procedures such choosing the appropriate degree and application process.
The Lumina Foundation was also commissioned by Walmart to undertake an independent evaluation of the results of the company's new scheme.
Eligible staff for the tuition benefit includes part-time, full-time and salaried U.S. employees working in Walmart's supply chain, home office, and stores. The initiative is also available for Sam's Club employees.
Other educational benefits offered by Walmart are all valid still and will run alongside the new tuition benefit. They include tuition discounts, education coaching, financial aid assistance, access to professional development courses, and high school diplomas paid by the employer.
In June 2010, Walmart announced investing $50 million for a three-year program that will provide tuition assistance to its employees in the US, a program aimed at assisting the employees to complete their degrees and prepare for college-level work.
Sam's Club and Walmart employees received up to 45 percent of the credit required for a bachelor's or an associate degree during the program according to reports from philanthropy news digest.
"Investing in the personal and professional success of our [employees] is vital to Walmart's future success. We know training and learning opportunities empower [employees] to deliver for customers while growing and advancing their careers." Walmart U.S. CEO Greg Foran said in a press release.


J. Cox Orthodontics is the dental practice of Dr. Jessica Cox, an orthodontic specialist. Orthodontics is a specialty of dentistry that helps treat improper bites. Located in Hernando, Mississippi, J. Cox Orthodontics offers a wide variety of orthodontic treatments, from traditional braces to aesthetic alternatives such as Invisalign® and Incognito™ for children, teens and adults. For more information, visit www.jcoxortho.com.


THQ has had the WWE franchise for several years and while putting out a decent game they fall short in so many ways. In the PS2 days I use to play through the story of these games but haven't done that in years. Mostly because none of them really caught my attention. I'm not saying that they weren't good but not really for me. With that said I am fine with the single player part of the game and the mechanics, where I really want to see improvement is online.
For years THQ has had the same lame online setup. The main problem with the current setup is there is no party system. Say I have two other friends online and we want to play, well under the way it's setup now after every match we have to setup another match and then quickly join before some random person does. It would be nice to have a party system so that when the match was over we all stay in the party and can setup another match. This is a pretty standard feature for most game these days. This would be a huge improvement but it just one of the things I would like to see.
What I would really like to see them add is an online league. In this league you could have several players join and pick a wrestler, the others could be controlled by the computer. Similar to Madden you have a commissioner but the commish in this league would have to setup matches. It would really be nice if the AI gave the commish suggestions for what matches could happen and then he could edit them as needed. In this league you could have as many or few belts as setup by the commish and have interference in matches if so desired. The interference would be something that could be turned on for some matches and off for others. There would be the pay per views where title matches would be held and so forth.
This really seems like the next step for this franchise but will it happen, I'm sad to say I doubt it. THQ knows they have a cash cow in this series and don't seem too worried about putting much into the game. Yeah there will be some changes but we will be stuck with a similar bad online experience again for years to come. It's a shame, while this series is good it could be great.


Jay Beck's Page - 30 Bananas a Day!
I'm vegan and trying to balance my body more.
I mainly need help finding affordable fruit in my area! Portland, Oregon, USA.
I'm also scared to go fully raw vegan because I heard some people had severe hair loss.
I don´t know Jay, maybe too less minerals like silicium.
Trust which food your body wants and eat whats make you healthy.
From whom did you heard that people loose hair on HCRV ?


Good quality Thru 13 07 for you to own. Browse our selection of Thru 13 07 and pay only for your price range. Feel free to contact us.
Thru 13 07 in stock and ready for shipping. Shop Thru 13 07 now! Buy Thru 13 07 from Ebay.


A Jeep is a special kind of vehicle, and it requires a special kind of repair shop to give it just the treatment it needs. B & W Service Center is the leader in the San Francisco area for Jeep repair and service because of our over 30 years in business and the team of A.S.E. Certified Technicians that we employ. You will know your Jeep is in good hands from the moment you come through our doors to the moment you drive away. A Jeep is no use to you if it is stuck in the shop, so we will get you back out on the road as soon as possible, while never compromising the quality of the work we do.
Since it is always a hassle to get your car worked on, we go the extra mile to take the pain out of the process. You can schedule an appointment ahead of time for major work, or just drop by to have your oil changed or a filter replaced. If you need drop off or pickup service to make the visit more convenient, we are happy to offer that as well. In the end, we will do whatever it takes to make sure your experience is a good one and your Jeep gets the attention it needs.
Despite the wide range of Jeep models that are on the market, our team is ready to work on any and all of them. Everything including the Patriot, Wrangler, Grand Cherokee, Compass, and Wrangler Unlimited has been taken care of by our experienced staff. Check out the specials on Jeep repair and service that we are offering at the top of the page. We look forward to seeing you at B & W Service Center soon!


Your Phone Number or Address Listed on our website that you want removed or changed? Please fill the form below and we will make the required changes.
Please allow 7 to 10 days for changes to reflect on our website.


DELUXE CUSTOM EMBROIDERED CHAPARRAL FLOOR MAT 28" X 18"
Absolutely exactly what i hoped it would be! An outstanding product and takes unneeded bounces off my feet when i use it as a helm pad. Great product, will recommend to anyone considering purchasing.
Very happy. Good looking and perfect quality !
STEERING WHEEL DECAL LOGO 1 3/8" DIAMETER - 14.02182 *In Stock & Ready To Ship!
CHAPARRAL BOW LIGHT BI COLOR HIDEAWAY *In Stock & Ready To Ship!
CHAPARRAL SEAT DECAL WITH ADHESIVE UNDER PEEL OFF FILM *In Stock & Ready To Ship!
DECAL - SUNESTA ALUMINUM - **** 6 1/2" X 2 1/2" *In Stock & Ready To Ship!
EXTENDED V-PLANE DECAL 7" LOGO *In Stock & Ready To Ship!


text:
Q: What are the reasons to use erb integration for webpacker in Rails 6? I have surfed a couple of hours through the web but couldn't find any articles/walkthroughs/comparisons touching erb integration of webpacker. I've found 1 question, unfortunately, the author haven't read docs attentively and the answer was right there, so - no any additional info there.
I have seen plenty of articles about vue and react, but nobody says a word about erb. However, it's quite clear why using react/vue/else similiar, it is not with erb.
The theme is quite vast and I expect a little hate towards me, so I'd ask two related questions (but if you have something to tell more about it - that's appreciated).
As I understand - it's vanilla (plain) js (maybe with a flavour of jQuery) caring just about dom and styling, with all the preprocessing made by rails. If it is so why not just continue using sprockets?
And what are the reasons to choose it instead of some react/vue/else framework?

A: You may use both : a vanilla JS framework (React, Vue ...) and some erb files. I find it interesting to setup my constant and other configuration variables within a .js.erb file that is generated by my Rails app when building the js app.
Things I like to put in this erb files :

*

*schemas of my api, generated by my serializers

*constants, like enum
values to be used in forms

To generalize, you can put anything owned by the backend that will not change at run time
this save you a couple API calls to retrieve this data. However, I tend to stop doing this as your JS app and Rails become tightly coupled and you can't use the sources of your JS app outside the Rails app

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Reflection was on view in the Arts Mid-Hudson gallery during Black History Month, and due to the pandemic we were unable to have a closing. Thanks to the help of the participating artists and curator Marline A. Martin, we are thrilled to present Reflection virtually.
Now more than ever we must raise our voices to celebrate and where necessary, insist, that society continue to recognize black artists, educators, culture and tradition. Art gives us the power to reach, teach and inspire so many people without words.
Art works include paintings, photography, sculpture and mixed media. With each piece of art in the exhibition, people are inspired to pursue their dreams and learn a new perspective. Each artist tells their own stories to capture the black experience. Art plays an important part of not only black history– but for everyone to make connections and learn more about each other in the community.
Through art, we hope to empower the communities we live in and confront the injustices in our society. While these works were not created on the platform of Black Lives Matter, we hope that they will serve as an introductory source of light.
– Marline A. Martin, Curator of Reflection
Promotional Image by Kyra Husbands
Sunday, August 23 from 1:00-3:00 p.m.: Zoom Art Brunch: Arts Mid-Hudson will host a closing art brunch which will include an artist talk.
Click Here to RSVP for Aug 23
Artists: Jean Benoit, Haile Binns, Kara R. Bledsoe, Martial James Davis, Queen Mother Dòwòti Désir, Helen Douglas*, Kyra Husbands, Donovan Nelson, Manny Ofori, and Richard Outlaw
*Participated in the in-person exhibition.
Marline A. Martin is an artist, curator, writer and storyteller. She holds Master of Fine Arts from the City College of New York and is a 2017 recipient of Arts Mid-Hudson Individual Artist Commission, a 2012 Community Partner Award recipient from Zeta Phi Beta/Five Pearls Foundation, and a 2008 recipient of Harlem Women of Excellence Award for the Arts. Marline is also the executive director of CREATE Council (formerly the Greene County Council on the the Arts).


text:
Horn of Africa Replaces Malacca Straits as Main 'Piracy Hot Spot' Says Willis
Like or Dislike:
This is 2008 and people have to worry about freakin'PIRATES? All they need to do to put an end to this ******** is form a flotilla and arm it to the teeth. This would discourage attacks by pirates. If they did attack one of the vessels, the entire flotilla could defend itself and send these jerks to meet Jesus.
That's why they moved says:
The reason the pirates have moved is because of increased patrols & arrests in the Malacca Straights. I agree, blow them out of the water!
Mild mannered says:
Dread, and just how do you really feel?!
There are simply some issues/situations that don't warrant tact/diplomacy/policitacl correctness. Those traits typically don't evoke much emotion hence issues/problems continue to exist because we want to "make nice" with everybody in the world. If more people had as passionate a response to some issues/problems we wouldn't have as many. You should be happy I'm in a good mood today.
Go Dread! says:
I didn't see anything wrong except you whitewashed & toned it down a bit! Way to go!
CLR says:
Perhaps the best way to protect the ships going into this area is to include a submarine that will run the area & when a ship is calling for help prior to a Piracy attack, have the sub come to the rescue. After they sink a few Pirates, there will be less of them to continue their operations. Let the sub sink the Pirate ships & pop out inflateable rafts for any that do not want to go down with their ship & call the coast guard to do a rescue of them & they can be hauled directly to Guantanamo Bay for an extended stay!
Read Online Download PDF Subscribe


text:
Search Human Resources
Search PHSC Sites
Tuition/Education
Disability/Health Protection
Leave/Time Off
Saint Leo University
Benefit Comparison Chart
When You Are Eligible
As soon as employed.
District Board of Trustees Rule 5.33 and Internal Management Memorandum #5-3: A full-time employee or regular part-time employees, who are on at least a half-time basis may be eligible for tuition reimbursement for College courses completed successfully. Courses cannot be audited.
Associate-Level Courses
Reimbursement for credit courses at the associate-degree level is limited to the actual tuition cost or to a maximum of $1,262.16 per fiscal year (July 1-June 30 2017-2018), whichever is less.
Bachelor's-Level (junior and senior level) Credit Courses
Reimbursement for credit courses at the bachelor's degree level is limited to the actual tuition cost or to a maximum of $1,900.71 per fiscal year (July 1-June 30 2017-2018), whichever is less. Bachelor's-level courses are defined as courses at the 3000 level or higher.
Graduate Level Courses
Reimbursement for credit courses is limited to the amount of the in-state tuition rate of six (6) graduate hours at the Tampa campus of the University of South Florida (USF) (2017-2018 - $2,588.58). The established graduate-level rate used is the one in effect for the fall term in a fiscal year for 6 graduate hours. Graduate hours are defined as those courses at the 5000 level or higher.
Combination of Credit Courses at Different Levels
Within a term or a fiscal year, employees who register for courses at different levels, are reimbursed up to the amount of the average of the two levels. Normally, courses cannot be taken during the employee's scheduled working hours. There is no reimbursement for application or other special fees, including laboratory or health fees. Continued eligibility for tuition reimbursement is contingent upon successful completion of the course(s). Documentation of successful completion of all courses for which reimbursement has been authorized must be provided at the end of every term to the Office of the Vice President for continued eligibility. Documentation is demonstrated with either legible copies of grade reports or transcripts. Those faculty and administrators who wish to use the course(s) for recertification may wish to complete FORM BPE-32, Request for Advanced Approval of Credit/Non-Credit Activity to be Used for Recertification, before enrolling in the course(s). Information about recertification is noted in Internal Management Memorandum (IMM) #2-7.
Footer: Social Menu
Ask Boomer
Footer: Social Icons List
Footer: Site Links
EOE-ADA Compliance
Footer: Local Site Links
10230 Ridge Road
SACSCOC Accreditation
This is an official PHSC website maintained by the Office of Marketing and Communications.
© 2023 Pasco-Hernando State College. All rights reserved.


text:
Eddy Posthuma de Boer (30. května 1931, Amsterdam – 25. července 2021, tamtéž) byl významný nizozemský fotograf známý svými portréty obyčejných lidí a portréty nizozemských spisovatelů.

Životopis
Eddy Posthuma de Boer byl jedním z nejdůležitějších fotografů v Nizozemsku. Kariéru začal v roce 1948 jako asistent fotografie ve zpravodajské agentuře Algemeen Nederlands Persbureau. V padesátých letech začal dělat reportáže. Posthuma de Boer vždy pracoval jako nezávislý fotograf. Měl řadu klientů, včetně Het Parool, de Volkskrant, Time-Life, KRO-Studio, Avenue, Holland Herald a Sabena-Revue. Udělal také hodně práce zdarma. Byl známý hlavně díky schopnosti zaznamenávat každodenní život v Nizozemsku i mimo něj. Kromě toho vytvořil vynikající portréty umělců: fotografie spisovatelů, malířů a hudebníků, k nimž patří Nescio, Reve, Mulisch, Willem de Kooning, The Beatles a stovky dalších.

Od prvního vydání dne 7. dubna 2017 měl svou fotografii a sloupek v dvoutýdenních názorových novinách Argus. Od roku 2018 navíc s dcerou Evou psali týdenní sloupek o fotografii ve Volkskrantu : "Jeho fotka, její text".

Jeho díla lze najít mimo jiné ve Fotomuseu v Haagu a Rijksmuseu v Amsterdamu.

Výstavy (výběr)
 1978 – Amsterdam, Canon Gallery
 1979 – Parijs, Galerie Phot'Oeil
 1996 – Breda, De Beyerd: Voor het oog van de Wereld
 2002 – Amsterdam, Huis Marseille
 2005 – Den Haag, Letterkundig Museum: Schrijversportretten (s dcerou Tessou PdB)
 2006 – Rotterdam, Kunsthal: Gezichten van de Wereld
 2008 – Scheveningen, Beelden aan Zee: Beelden van Glorie en Verval
 2009 – Amsterdam, Galerie Weesperzijde: Al Jazeerah
 2011 – Rotterdam,Kunsthal: Amerikanen, Afrikanen en Arabieren
 2016 – Le Café Parisien, Saulieu, Sueur de son front
 2020 – Fotomuseum, Den Haag

Rodina
Posthuma de Boer se v roce 1961 vzal muzikoložku a novinářku Henriettu Klautz, dceru Teda Klautze. Spisovatelka Eva Posthuma de Boer a fotografka Tessa Posthuma de Boer jsou jejich dcerami.

V roce 2019 utrpěl mozkový infarkt doma ve svém domě v Amsterdamu-východ.

Zemřel 25. července 2021 ve věku 90 let v Amsterdamu UMC (Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra).

Publikace (výběr)
 Eddy Posthuma de Boer, 90. Negentig jaar, negentig foto's, negentig columns, Amsterdam, Arguspers, 2021
 Eddy & Tessa Posthuma de Boer: Muggen en olfianten. Amsterdam, Ambo/Anthos, 2020.
 Door het oog van de tijd. De Reve-foto's van Eddy Posthuma de Boer. Varik, De Weideblik, 2015.
 Het menselijk bestaan. De wereld van fotograaf Eddy Posthuma de Boer. Eindhoven, Lecturis, 2015.
 Eddy & Tessa Posthuma de Boer: 222 Schrijvers. Literaire portretten. Amsterdam, Bas Lubberhuizen, 2005.
 Bertus Aafjes & Eddy Posthuma de Boer: Carnaval. Utrecht, Bruna, 1968
 Adriaan Morriën & Eddy Posthuma de Boer: Amsterdam Leiden, Stafleu, 1959

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

 Webové stránky Eddy Posthumy de Boer
 Muzeum fotografií v Haagu

Nizozemští fotografové
Fotožurnalisté
Portrétní fotografové
Narození v roce 1931
Narození 30. května
Úmrtí v roce 2021
Úmrtí 25. července
Muži

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Saya Studio is made of people from all walks of life who practice yoga that's rooted in alignment, grounded by self study, and inspired by truth and possibility. We are united by our love for asana, kirtan and spiritual teachings all under one roof – and we love experiencing those things together.
Yoga is for everybody and it's not one size fits all…our mission in this journey is to guide students who seek balance or sattva in their lives through yoga poses or asanas, breathing exercises or pranayama, philosophies and meditation. We make yoga more accessible to all different body types and ages.
We are a small studio located in the heart of the city, where we practice and enjoy yoga classes. Whether you are an experienced yoga student or you have never practiced before, we offer the appropriate class for you.
Inspired by living temples in India and spiritual teachings, We dreamed of a yoga studio where the mood made you want to be a yogi.
I lead a fun and energetic class to help participants reach their fitness goals .
I enjoy bringing my love for dance, hard work, and joy into every Figure.
I safely explore the Ashtanga lineage and develop a spiritual connection.


The Deputy Leader of Indigenous People Of Biafra, Uche Mefor has Instructed the Ex-militant leader, Asari Dokubo to stop mocking the dead and stop the 'overgrown childlike' delinquent conduct!
Why am I raising this issue? This heartless opportunist called Asari Dokubo instead of commiserating with the family of the dead, decided to use the terrorism unleashed on the innocent lecture and an academic doctor of Nnamdi Azikiwe university ,Awka, all in the name of castigating Nnamdi Kanu. Can you begin to see how low and petty this unstable fellow called asari dokubo can be? But let me tell him now that he most stop pretending to love Igbos, Asari, you are actually using those of them (Igbos) around you for your selfish aim and more importantly and unfortunately, your mocking the dead by posting the gory video with your senseless comments is the height of wickedness and insult to anybody who calls himself an Igbo.
You must stop using Nnamdi kanu and IPOB as an excuse to indirectly and wickedly insult Igbos. You must isolate it and deal with your own personal insecurity and complexes! Truth is that you are not in Nnamdi Kanu's league. You are an opportunistic and desperate oil security contractor/businessman after his own selfish aggrandisement and not a freedom fighter. You are not fighting for Biafra, you are a seasonal economic and environmental businessman using ''Ijaw struggle'' as a decoy.
To the contrary, Nnamdi kanu, is a grassroots leader of millions of people dedicated to the ultimate restoration of Biafra via any legitimate means. Your greed, jealousy and envy of Nnamdi Kanu cannot uplift nor change the facts about you. Aligning with some disgruntled opportunistic elements who use multiple facebook accounts against Nnamdi Kanu and IPOB is a fruitless venture that will backfire and expose you further for whom you are.
Your activism ends in blowing up pipelines for your for selfish personal economic gains so people know who is who. Stop mocking the dead!There is no justification for your morally depraved and poorly intellectually drawn comparisons between your underwater ''brave and vicious ijaw'' and the "cowardly Igbos'' as you had consistently suggested no matter how hard you try. This is pure wickedness!! It is petty, it is childish and has only succeeded in giving you away as an unstable, unreliable and heartless fellow!!


Ernest Anthony Architecture specializes in new builds and house alterations which cover initial meetings, design and layout, outlining approval and construction regulations. From the time they began their company, they strive to make their best to make sure that each and every project carried out by them is sustainable, beautiful, and functional for their clients to live and work in.
They are people who think creatively and think significant. In fact, they believe true creativity isn't just about exceptional design or building principles. They believe it is about creative thinking that resolves problems, difficulties, assumptions, believes and explores.
When you plan to design your new home or even wish to refurbish your current one, there are some areas where you would want to have a professional touch. This is where a professional architect can be a real help. After all, an architect brings much more to the table than just house design. In fact, a licensed architect is required by all those who wish to decrease their stress during the development process of their house.
After all, they have comprehensive knowledge about the judicial as well as local conditions too. Using their services at this stage will assure that there are no difficulties later on. The crucial step is to pick the architect who satisfies your house project needs. This can be achieved even by going through their portfolios that are accessible online. Next is to explain to the preferred architect your personal design brief. Tell all about the number of rooms you need, the kind of rooms and any other special conditions. You may ask the architect to take out a periodic review in order to ensure that everything is working as planned. A professionally outlined house assures a good future build and an architect offers you with that along with peace of mind to go with it.
If you need help in getting new builds and house alterations, please visit http://ernestanthonyarchitecture.com/, to experience their services.


If you were still on the fence about order Hydroxyzine the importance of mobile to your online marketing plans, perhaps the results of this recent study will help settle the issue in your mind.
In August 2013, eMarketer published an article looking at mobile access of Facebook and Twitter — with projections to 2017 a�� based upon data gathered from a wide range of survey and traffic sources.
Ita��s perhaps not surprising to see evidence that use of social sites such as Facebook and Twitter are gaining in popularity among mobile users, given that part of the appeal of social is its immediacy and one is more likely to be able to access a mobile device at any given time than more traditional desktop devices. But the trajectory of that growth is significant, really settling any remaining argument about the need to consider your mobile presence.
For Twitter, buy tadalafil online, lioresal reviews. buy npxl the study discovered that 28% of all US mobile phone social network users in 2013 use Twitter at least once per month. 18.5% of all smartphone users do so already, and eMarketer anticipates this number to reach at least 20% by 2017.
With about 36.8 million Twitter users overall in the US, the data suggests that 76% of them will use mobile to send or read tweets a�� a number expected to reach 87% in 4 years.
Facebook use via mobile is even more impressive, since almost three times as many Americans (just under 100 million) log into Facebook each month. This number is forecast to rise to 154.7 million by 2017.
Projections such as these are, of course, open to interpretation and liable to change, but the underlying Female Viagra purchase lesson is clear a�� as users become more and more active on social networks using the mobile platform, you need to ensure not only that you have a well-executed presence on social properties, but also that you keep your other marketing endeavors (including your base website) configured to play well on those platforms as well.


Helps Combat Fungus and Bacteria - Our Special Tea Tree Oil blend fights against stubborn fungus and bacteria and helps you with fungal and bacterial infections. Also Deodorizes and Refreshes Smelly Feet and Body Odors. Relieves Itchy, dry flaky skin with the help of Aloe Vera and our organic blend of Coconut, Olive and Jojoba Oils. Each has its own healing properties that will moisturize and soothe your skin.
No Need to Worry about Catching a Fungal Infection! A Must for Active People Who Run, Cycle, Play Team Sports or Work-Out Regularly at the Gym. Throw a bottle of our Funga-Free body wash into your gym bag and use regularly. You will see and feel the difference. Anyone can get fungal infections which is irritating and often embarrassing, so take action today to help fight against it.
Fungus Soap & Foot Wash: No More Itchy Smelly Feet - Our Formula has no chemicals- only Natural Ingredients and is free of synthetic chemicals, artificial colors, fragrances, preservatives, alcohol and detergents and is made in the U.S.A. Enriched with Organic Oils that can help your skin heal and feel wonderful! ACNE BODY WASH: Acne sufferers love using a natural cleanser for their problem areas. Great for use on acne on the back or chest since it washes away bacteria and helps heal without drying out your skin.
Antifungal Soap with Tea Tree Oil, Helps Treat & Wash Away Athletes Foot, Ringworm, Nail Fungus, Jock Itch, Body Odor & Acne. Antibacterial Defense Against Common Fungal and Bacteria Related Skin Irritations 9oz.


What should be expected with Graston® Treatment?
Treatments to each area last about 30-90 seconds. The first thing most patients notice is a significant improvement in range of motion (flexibility) of the injured area. Some patients experience mild redness or bruising after treatment. While many patients feel some relief after just one treatment, significant relief of myofasciitis is common with 4 treatments. Treatments are generally done once per week and after four treatments generally every few weeks if needed.


text:
Q: NESTJS AWS Lambda & Sequelize connection pool Since I have given the pool parameters as mentioned in the below code snippet, Is necessary to close the connection after each lambda invocation?
This aws lambda function is supposed to be triggered every minute, is the pool parameter only enough to close the connection?
export const databaseProviders = [
      {
        provide: 'vendorDB',
        useFactory: async (awsSecrets: AwsSecretsService) => {
          const { host, port, username, password, database } =
            await awsSecrets.getVendorDbConfig();
          const sequelize = new Sequelize({
            dialect: 'postgres',
            host,
            port,
            username,
            password,
            database,
            logging: true,
            pool: {
              max: 1,
              min: 0,
              idle: 1000,
            },
          });
          sequelize.addModels([VendorEntity]);
          //   await sequelize.sync();
          return sequelize;
        },
        inject: [AwsSecretsService],
      },


Green Tea Bath Bombs harness both the healing power of green tea and the benefits of Epsom salts. The bath bombs recipe is easy to make, and would be a wonderful homemade gift for a loved one. Mother's Day is coming up after all.
Matcha a powdered green tea, which is used in the Japanese Tea Ceremony (as well as baking and candies). Matcha is used rather than typical leaf green tea in these green tea bath bombs, for both quality and solubility. It can be purchased in Asian markets, online and from specialty grocers. When buying this green tea powder, you will not need one of the more expensive matcha powders. Buy a more reasonably priced one. It will be fine for DIY beauty projects and desserts. Also, remember a little goes pretty far with this type of green tea.
Preparation of this Green Tea bath bombs recipe is actually quite easy. Simply mix all the dry ingredients together, then add the wet ingredients while mixing. The "dough" will seem like it is too dry to you, if you've never made bath bombs before, but trust me it is supposed to be.
To keep things simple, and because I thought the natural unbleached paper baking liners were a great match with a natural recipe like this, the bath bombs are formed in a muffin tin with liners. Just scoop the mixture in and press down, then add a bit more and press down again. Leave them out to dry, and in a few hours you will have completed green tea bath bombs. It really is that easy.
Green tea bath bombs are a natural DIY bath product recipe featuring matcha powder.
Mix the citric acid, Epsom salts, corn starch and Matcha powder together.
Add the remaining ingredients and mix very well.
Line a standard size muffin/cupcake tin with paper liners.
Scoop the bath bomb mixture into the liners, when near the tops, press down with the back of a spoon or your fingers. Then add remaining mixture and press down again. Try to pat the tops relatively smooth.
Put the bath bombs aside to dry for at least several hours.
Once dry they will be firm. Gently shake or blow off any crumbs.
If packaging for gifting, the paper liners can help protect the bath bombs, and if you selected ones that look nice with the green tea color, will add to the visual appeal of the gift.
How relaxing a bath sounds right now! A green tea one sounds even better.
Thank you! Printed it and will get the Epsom salt.
How many does this recipe yield for you?
Which type of almond oil. And where do you buy citris acid?
No specific brand of almond oil. Citric acid can be found at many grocers & big box retailers (typically with canning supplies). Amazon & bulk apocathery sell it online.


text:
Die Gneise (alte sächsische Bergmannsbezeichnung aus dem 16. Jahrhundert, vielleicht zu althochdeutsch gneisto, mittelhochdeutsch ganeist(e), g(e)neiste "Funke"; bis in das frühe 19. Jahrhundert auch noch Gneus oder Geneus) sind metamorphe Gesteine mit Paralleltextur, die mehr als 20 % Feldspat enthalten.

Entstehung, Vorkommen und Zusammensetzung
Gneise entstehen durch Metamorphose, d. h. Umwandlung von Gestein unter hohem Druck und bei hohen Temperaturen. Das Ausgangsmaterial wird  von vielen Gesteinsschichten überlagert. An die Oberfläche kommt Gneis folglich nur dann, wenn entweder das überliegende Material erodiert ist oder ehemals tiefliegende Schichten durch Tektonik an die Oberfläche gehoben wurden.

Gneise sind weltweit verbreitet und finden sich häufig in den alten Kernen (Kratonen) der Kontinente, wo sie durch tiefreichende Erosion freigelegt wurden. In der Regel haben diese Gesteine seit ihrer Entstehung  mehrere Phasen der Umwandlung (Regionalmetamorphosen) mitgemacht. Sie bilden die ältesten Gesteinsformationen der Erde, beispielsweise  den Acasta-Gneis aus dem Hadaikum (4.030 mya) im westlichen Kanadischen Schild und den Gneise enthaltenden Nuvvuagittuq-Grünsteingürtel im  östlichen Kanadischen Schild. Gneise treten auch in den Kristallinzonen jüngerer Faltengebirge auf, z. B. im Tauernfenster in den Zentralalpen.

Die Zusammensetzung der Gneise hängt vom Ausgangsgestein ab: Die wichtigsten Minerale im Gneis bilden sich nicht während der Metamorphose, sondern sind schon im Ausgangsmaterial vorhanden. Gneise bestehen hauptsächlich aus den in der folgenden Tabelle aufgeführten Mineralbestandteilen (in %).

Das Gefüge schwankt zwischen fein- und grobkörnig bei  mitunter gut sichtbarer Paralleltextur. Im letzteren Fall spricht man von eingeregelten Kristallen. Das Gestein kann dann lagig-flaserig bis grobschieferig und oft auffällig gebändert erscheinen. Im Gegensatz dazu gibt es Orthogneise mit schwach ausgebildeten Texturmerkmalen und relativ gleichmäßigen Kristallgrößen oder in der Grundmasse nur gering ausgeprägter Kristallinität.

Einteilung

Gneise unterscheiden  sich in ihrer mineralischen Zusammensetzung, in ihrem Gefüge und in ihrer Genese  (Entstehungsgeschichte).

Mineralogisch unterscheiden sich die Gneise nach Art der vorhandenen Minerale. Unterschieden nach verschiedenen Glimmern kennt man zum Beispiel den Biotitgneis, den Muskovitgneis oder den aus beiden genannten Glimmern bestehenden Zweiglimmergneis. Bei hohen Anteilen von Cordierit oder Hornblende spricht man von Cordieritgneis oder Hornblendegneis.

Unabhängig davon kann man Gneise auch auf Grund ihres Gefüges unterscheiden: so kennt man Augengneise, wenn eine feinkörnigere Gesteinsmatrix größere Mineral-Einsprenglige "umfließt" oder Flasergneise, wenn das Gefüge linienhaft-flaserig entwickelt ist und weniger flächenhaft-schiefrig. Oft sind Gneise deutlich gebändert.

Stark durchbewegte Schiefergneise (Glimmerschiefer) werden unter der Sammelbezeichnung Gneisphyllite zusammengefasst.

Üblich ist darüber hinaus eine Unterscheidung der Gneise nach ihren Ausgangsgesteinen (Edukten).

 Orthogneise stellen das metamorphe Umwandlungsprodukt von feldspat- und quarzreichen magmatischen Gesteinen wie z. B. Granit oder Granodiorit dar. Oftmals haben sie aber bereits mehrere Gesteinsumwandlungen durchgemacht (Polymetamorphose) und entstanden aus bereits vorliegenden Gneisen.

 Paragneise entstehen durch die Umwandlung von Sedimentgesteinen (Sandsteinen, Grauwacken, Arkosen und Tonschiefer) und weisen deshalb oft eine größere Vielfalt von akzessorischen Mineralen (Nebengemengeteile) auf als die Orthogneise.

 Einen Übergang von den metamorphen Gneisen zu den magmatischen Tiefengesteinen stellt der Migmatit oder Anatexit dar.

Granitgneis, Syenit- oder Geröllgneis  unterscheiden sich von chemisch und mineralogisch identischen metamorphen Gesteinen (wie Metagranit etc.) nur durch ihr typisches, schiefriges Gefüge.  Gneise werden auch nach dem Grad ihrer Metamorphose als Epi-, Meso- oder Katagneis unterschieden, je nachdem, welcher Druck und welche Temperatur bei ihrer Entstehung herrschten.

Das Schichtgefüge (Foliation) der Gneise entstehen  durch  Entmischung (Seigerung) von Lagen aus hellen Feldspäten, Quarz und dunklen Mineralen. Dies geschieht  wegen der  unterschiedlichen Plastizität bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen.  Schichtsilikate (insbesondere Biotit) neigen dazu, sich unter tektonischer Belastung durch seitliche Neukristallisation flächig einzuregeln.  Quarz und Feldspäte bleiben eher körnig. Die räumliche Lage der Schieferungsflächen entspricht dabei der Richtung der maximalen tektonischen Scherkräfte.

Gneis als Naturstein

Eigenschaften

Oftmals werden Gneise auch als "Granit" gehandelt, da sie sehr ähnliche technische Eigenschaften wie diese Gesteinsgruppe aufweisen. Sie haben allerdings eine durchwegs höhere Wasseraufnahme und bessere Biegezugwerte. Sie sind als Natursteine polierfähig und weitgehend frostbeständig. Die Feldspäte und Glimmer bestimmen die Farbe, und Quarz bestimmt die Abriebfestigkeit der Gneise. Schichtsilikate verleihen den Gneisen ihre gute Spaltfähigkeit, wenn sie lagenförmig im Gestein auftreten.
Wesentliche technisch-physikalische Parameter sind in der folgenden Tabelle am Beispiel von Erzgebirgs-Gneis zusammengefasst.

Die technischen Unterschiede zwischen Para- und Orthogneisen sind minimal. In aller Regel sind die bunten Gneise entweder Migmatite oder Orthogneise, und die grauen Gneise sind Paragneise. Die hellen (fast weißen) "Gneise" können auch Granulite sein.

Bekannte Natursteinsorten

 Hallandia, Migmatit (Schweden), Halmstad
 Juparana Classico, Orthogneis (Brasilien, Rio de Janeiro)
 Mitternachtsblau, Orthogneis (Indien)
 Orissa, Orthogneis (Indien)
 Steinbacher Augengneis, Orthogneis (Deutschland, Steinbach)
 Serizzo Antigorio, Paragneis (Italien, Piemont, Valle Antigorio)
 Calanca, Paragneis (Schweiz/Kt. Graubünden, Calanca-Tal)
 Onsernone, Paragneis (Schweiz/ Kt. Tessin, Onsernone-Tal)
 Maggia, Paragneis (Schweiz/ Kt. Tessin, Maggia-Tal)
 Soglio, Paragneis (Schweiz, Soglio)
 Branco Ipanema, Granulit (Brasilien, Espirito Santo)
 Stainzer Hartgneis (Österreich, Stainz)
 Verde Andeer (Schweiz/Kt. Graubünden, Andeer)
 Bittescher Gneis, Granitgneis, Österreich

Sonstiges
Der Berufsverband Deutscher Geowissenschaftler hat den Gneis zum Gestein des Jahres 2015 ernannt.

Siehe auch
 Liste der Gesteine

Literatur

Weblinks

Anmerkungen

Metamorphes Gestein