text:
Checking Out Our New Neighbors
by Ben Montet | Apr 5, 2013 | Daily Paper Summaries | 3 comments
Title: Fast-evolving weather for the coolest of our two new substellar neighbours
Authors: Gillon, M., Triaud, A.H.M.J., Jehin, E., Delrez, L., Opitom, C., Magain, P., Lendl, M., & Queloz, D.
First author's institution: Institut d'Astrophysique et Géophysique, Université de Liège, Belgium
A New Star
Relative sizes of some bright stars in the Milky Way. Most stars that can be seen with the naked eye from Earth are larger than Hamal (including the three giants shown here), but most stars in the solar neighboorhood are smaller and fainter than the Sun.
When you look up at the night sky, there are thousands of stars that can be seen by the naked eye (Theoretically. This author lives in the Los Angeles area, where the actual number is closer to 15). You might expect that these "naked-eye" stars would be the closest stars to the Earth, but this is actually not the case. Because high-mass stars are so much more luminous than low-mass stars, the naked-eye stars you can see are mostly distant giant stars. This effect is called the Malmquist bias. Of the nearest 50 stars to the Earth, only 3 are more massive than the Sun and only five are visible to the naked eye! Our solar neighborhood is dominated by stars less than half the size of the Sun and less than 10% as bright. When we look out at night, the light we observe is dominated by light from massive, distant stars like the ones shown to the right. The solar neighborhood has been surveyed many times at visual wavelengths, in the near-infrared, and the ultraviolet, but because nearby stars can be so faint there can still be surprises hiding right next door.
One of these surprises was announced last month. Using data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), Kevin Luhman discovered an object with a very large velocity across the sky (astronomers call this proper motion), meaning it might be very close to our own Sun. Follow-up observations revealed the object to be a binary system, made of two brown dwarfs separated by only 3 AU, and measurements of its parallax place its distance at only 2 parsecs (6.5 light years)!
So how was this system missed previously? Luhman searched for the binary in released datasets from previous surveys and found the object in four images taken between 1978 and 1999. In three of these four surveys, the brown dwarf pair happened to be very close to other, brighter objects, leading the binary to be missed (see figure below). Only with the WISE detection was the binary's high proper motion recognized, allowing it to be "precovered" in these previous surveys.
Figure 1 from Luhman 2013, showing previous surveys of the area near the newly-discovered binary. The arrow points to the location of the binary, showing the object was blocked by brighter objects in most images. The final frame reveals the binary nature of the brown dwarf pair.
Light curves of Luhman 16 from two separate nights. A variable signal with a period of approximately 5 hours can be seen, suggesting at least one of the binary pair is rotating at that rate (Figure 1 from Gillon et al.).
Studying Brown Dwarf Weather
The discovery of any star system at 2.0 parsecs would be a cause for considerable study, but the smaller brown dwarf in this system is particularly interesting. Brown dwarfs are divided into three types, or spectral classes. In order of decreasing temperature, they are L, T, and Y. L- and T-dwarfs are differentiated, in part, by cloud cover; L-dwarfs are completely covered in silicon/oxygen clouds, while the cooler T-dwarfs have fewer silicates in their atmosphere and are not fully covered by opaque clouds, leaving their warmer surfaces visible.
Brown dwarfs at the L/T transition have patchy cloud cover, leading scientists to believe as the brown dwarf's rotation brings these clouds into and out of view, the observed flux from these stars can change by up to 20%, making the star appear variable. Since most brown dwarfs are extremely faint, this has been hard to test, but the fainter of the new binary pair (now called Luhman 16) is right on this transition, providing an excellent opportunity to test this theory by observing this new, nearby system.
The authors observed Luhman 16 for a total of twelve nights with the 60-cm TRAPPIST telescope at La Silla Observatory, Chile. Some of their data is shown to the left. There is clear variability here! The authors use a periodogram to determine a rotation period of 4.87 ± 0.01 hours. The authors find the variability is best fit by a rotation model with only one period, suggesting the variability is from a single star in the binary pair. To determine which star is rotating to cause the variability, they then attempt to separately measure the light that is coming from each individual brown dwarf. They use a procedure known as aperture photometry, in which the flux is measured by adding up all the light within a circular aperture that is selected to enclose only the region of interest (in this case, a single brown dwarf). Background light, such as emission from distant, unresolved stars and galaxies, can contribute to the flux within the aperture, and this is generally accounted for by estimating the flux in a nearby "empty" region of the image and then subtracting it from the aperture measurement. In this case, since the two brown dwarfs are so close, they also need to subtract the contaminating flux from the binary companion.
After separating the light from each star, they find the flux from the L-dwarf is approximately constant, but the T-dwarf is varying by up to 20%, explaining the observed variation in the original measurement. The authors conclude this star is probably at the boundary between an L and a T dwarf, where stars would be expected to have a system of patchy clouds. T-dwarfs are divided into ten subgroups, from T0 to T9; T0 dwarfs are closest to L-dwarfs, while T9 systems are very near the T/Y boundary. The authors of this paper call this star a T0 dwarf, right on the boundary between the L and T spectral classes. This star must be rotating once approximately 5 hours to cause the observed light curve, while the L-dwarf is probably nearly covered by clouds. Because the L-dwarf is not varying, the authors cannot determine its rotation rate.
The first direct detection of a brown dwarf was only 18 years ago; like the study of exoplanets, this is a field that is evolving quite rapidly. This will only be enhanced by the discovery of Luhman 16: a brown dwarf only 2.0 parsecs away at the L/T boundary will be an extremely useful benchmark star for atmospheric modeling studies, models of brown dwarf evolution, and binary star formation. Since the announcement of the discovery of Luhman 16 three weeks ago, it has already been the subject of four papers. This will certainly become an incredibly well-studied object in the near-future; let's hope our new neighbors don't get sick of us looking at them!
About Ben Montet
I am a third-year graduate student in the Caltech Astronomy department, where I am a member of John Johnson's Exolab. My research primarily focuses on studying dynamical interactions in planetary systems and how to use these interactions to characterize stellar companions. Before Caltech, I received a bachelor's degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where I worked with Charles Gammie to model particle acceleration in black hole accretion disks and Robert Brunner to study quasar variability in the SDSS dataset.
Finding T Dwarfs with WISE Are Stars with Planets More Active? Cloudy with a chance of Carbon Monoxide Binary Hunting with Phase Variations
Klaus Lang	on April 7, 2013 at 12:08 pm
is it possible that this system harbors extrasolar planets?
Klaus Lang
Ben Montet	on April 7, 2013 at 2:29 pm
Hi Klaus,
It's certainly possible! Gillon et al. looked through their photometric data for planetary transits, and determined there were no transits caused by planets larger than twice Earth's radius. However, it's possible they just got unlucky and missed some transits (maybe they occurred during the day), or it's possible that there are planets on wider orbits, so that 12 days isn't long enough to detect a transit.
Moreover, there have not yet been any searches for non-transiting planets using the Doppler method. Our current planet formation models allow formation of companions to brown dwarfs; this will certainly be an interesting target for future planet searches!
Tesser	on August 26, 2017 at 12:10 pm
Do we have diameter sizes for these two yet?
Leave a Reply to Klaus Lang	Cancel reply
supernovae habitability solar system dark matter binary stars black holes Kepler observations theory simulations radio astronomy stars astrophysics exoplanets spectroscopy planetary science astronomical methods galaxies protoplanetary disks planet formation galaxy evolution stellar evolution star formation astronomy cosmology gravitational waves accretion AAS transits AGN


text:
File:P521486.jpg
Size of this preview: 774 × 600 pixels. Other resolutions: 310 × 240 pixels | 800 × 620 pixels.
Original file (800 × 620 pixels, file size: 126 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Rock specimen of shale. Glenkiln Burn, Kirkmichael, Dumfriesshire. The sample is a black shale containing graptolite fossils on bedding surfaces. The shale is very fine-grained and thinly bedded. British Geological Survey Petrology Collection sample number EMC 3636. Large tracts of the Southern Uplands of Scotland are formed of shales. These rocks were deposited as sediments in a deep oceanic basin. They consist of very fine-grained minerals, mainly of clays and micas. The specimen of shale will belong to the Ordovician Glenkiln Shales. They are generally black shales yielding many species of graptolites, tiny colonial animals that lived in a series of interconnected tubes made from collagen. Each animal lived in a thecae that made up branches called stipes, the whole colony being called the rhabdosome. They were free floating animals in the Ordovician seas and have been used extensively to date the rocks in which they are found. P521486
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current 19:51, 3 August 2015 800 × 620 (126 KB) JenniferFindlay1 (talk | contribs) Rock specimen of shale. Glenkiln Burn, Kirkmichael, Dumfriesshire. The sample is a black shale containing graptolite fossils on bedding surfaces. The shale is very fine-grained and thinly bedded. British Geological Survey Petrology Collection sample nu...
Graptolites: Ordovician and Silurian biostratigraphy - an excursion
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
<?php

namespace Monospice\LaravelRedisSentinel;

use Illuminate\Broadcasting\Broadcasters\RedisBroadcaster;
use Illuminate\Cache\RedisStore;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Broadcasting\Factory as BroadcastFactory;
use Illuminate\Queue\Connectors\RedisConnector;
use Illuminate\Session\CacheBasedSessionHandler;
use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
use Monospice\LaravelRedisSentinel\Configuration\Loader as ConfigurationLoader;
use Monospice\LaravelRedisSentinel\Contracts\Factory;
use Monospice\LaravelRedisSentinel\Horizon\HorizonServiceProvider;
use Monospice\LaravelRedisSentinel\Manager\VersionedManagerFactory;

/**
 * Registers the "redis-sentinel" driver as an available driver for Laravel's
 * cache, session, and queue services and loads the appropriate configuration.
 *
 * @category Package
 * @package  Monospice\LaravelRedisSentinel
 * @author   Cy Rossignol <cy@rossignols.me>
 * @license  See LICENSE file
 * @link     https://github.com/monospice/laravel-redis-sentinel-drivers
 */
class RedisSentinelServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    /**
     * Loads the package's configuration and provides configuration values.
     *
     * @var ConfigurationLoader
     */
    protected $config;

    /**
     * Records whether this provider has already been booted (eg. via auto-boot)
     *
     * @var boolean
     */
    private $isBooted = false;

    /**
     * Boot the service by registering extensions with Laravel's cache, queue,
     * and session managers for the "redis-sentinel" driver.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        // If we configured the package to boot its services immediately after
        // the registration phase (auto-boot), don't boot the provider again:
        if ($this->isBooted) {
            return;
        }

        $this->bootComponentDrivers();

        // If we want Laravel's Redis API to use Sentinel, we'll remove the
        // "redis" service from the deferred services in the container:
        if ($this->config->shouldOverrideLaravelRedisApi) {
            $this->removeDeferredRedisServices();
        }

        if ($this->config->shouldIntegrateHorizon) {
            $horizon = new HorizonServiceProvider($this->app, $this->config);
            $horizon->register();
            $horizon->boot();
        }

        $this->isBooted = true;
    }

    /**
     * Bind the "redis-sentinel" database driver to the application service
     * container.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function register()
    {
        $this->config = ConfigurationLoader::load($this->app);

        $this->registerServices();

        // If we want Laravel's Redis API to use Sentinel, we'll return an
        // instance of the RedisSentinelManager when requesting the "redis"
        // service:
        if ($this->config->shouldOverrideLaravelRedisApi) {
            $this->registerOverrides();
        }

        // If we explicitly configured the package to auto-boot, run the boot
        // phase now to bind the packages drivers. This overcomes issues with
        // other third-party packages that don't follow Laravel's convention:
        if ($this->config->shouldAutoBoot()) {
            $this->boot();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Register the core Redis Sentinel connection manager.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function registerServices()
    {
        $this->app->singleton('redis-sentinel', function () {
            return VersionedManagerFactory::make($this->app, $this->config);
        });

        $this->app->singleton('redis-sentinel.manager', function ($app) {
            return $app->make('redis-sentinel')->getVersionedManager();
        });

        $this->app->alias('redis-sentinel', Factory::class);
    }

    /**
     * Replace the standard Laravel Redis service with the Redis Sentinel
     * database driver so all Redis operations use Sentinel connections.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function registerOverrides()
    {
        $this->app->singleton('redis', function ($app) {
            return $app->make('redis-sentinel');
        });

        $this->app->bind('redis.connection', function ($app) {
            return $app->make('redis-sentinel.manager')->connection();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Extend each of the Laravel services this package supports with the
     * corresponding 'redis-sentinel' driver.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function bootComponentDrivers()
    {
        $this->addRedisSentinelBroadcaster();
        $this->addRedisSentinelCacheStore();

        // This package's Horizon service provider will set up the queue
        // connector a bit differently, so we don't need to do it twice:
        if (! $this->config->shouldIntegrateHorizon) {
            $this->addRedisSentinelQueueConnector();
        }

        // Since version 5.2, Lumen does not include support for sessions by
        // default, so we'll only register the session handler if enabled:
        if ($this->config->supportsSessions) {
            $this->addRedisSentinelSessionHandler();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Remove the standard Laravel Redis service from the bound deferred
     * services so they don't overwrite Redis Sentinel registrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function removeDeferredRedisServices()
    {
        if ($this->config->isLumen) {
            return;
        }

        $deferredServices = $this->app->getDeferredServices();

        unset($deferredServices['redis']);
        unset($deferredServices['redis.connection']);

        $this->app->setDeferredServices($deferredServices);
    }

    /**
     * Add "redis-sentinel" as an available broadcaster option to the Laravel
     * event broadcasting manager.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function addRedisSentinelBroadcaster()
    {
        $this->app->make(BroadcastFactory::class)
            ->extend('redis-sentinel', function ($app, $conf) {
                $redis = $app->make('redis-sentinel.manager');
                $connection = Arr::get($conf, 'connection', 'default');

                return new RedisBroadcaster($redis, $connection);
            });
    }

    /**
     * Add "redis-sentinel" as an available cache store option to the Laravel
     * cache manager.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function addRedisSentinelCacheStore()
    {
        $cache = $this->app->make('cache');

        $cache->extend('redis-sentinel', function ($app, $conf) use ($cache) {
            $redis = $app->make('redis-sentinel.manager');
            $prefix = $app->make('config')->get('cache.prefix');
            $connection = Arr::get($conf, 'connection', 'default');
            $store = new RedisStore($redis, $prefix, $connection);

            return $cache->repository($store);
        });
    }

    /**
     * Add "redis-sentinel" as an available driver option to the Laravel
     * session manager.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function addRedisSentinelSessionHandler()
    {
        $this->app->make('session')->extend('redis-sentinel', function ($app) {
            $cacheDriver = clone $app->make('cache')->driver('redis-sentinel');
            $minutes = $this->config->get('session.lifetime');
            $connection = $this->config->get('session.connection');

            $cacheDriver->getStore()->setConnection($connection);

            return new CacheBasedSessionHandler($cacheDriver, $minutes);
        });
    }

    /**
     * Add "redis-sentinel" as an available queue connection driver option to
     * the Laravel queue manager.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function addRedisSentinelQueueConnector()
    {
        $this->app->make('queue')->extend('redis-sentinel', function () {
            $redis = $this->app->make('redis-sentinel.manager');

            return new RedisConnector($redis);
        });
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Bridge-builder Abdul Rahman Kasim, the Tasik Gelugor Pas information chief, shares with us his predictions for the upcoming party polls on Friday evening (with results expected on Saturday evening).
First off, Abdul Rahman predicts that Mohamad Sabu will be retained as deputy president.
As for the contests for the three vice-president spots, he thinks the three incumbents – Salahuddin Ayub, Husam Musa and Mahfuz Omar – will pull through, he said.
The race for the central working committee positions promises to provide a fascinating glimpse into current trends and worldviews within the party, with 61 candidates vying for 18 elected spots.
Abdul Rahman expects Pas legal adviser Mohamed Hanipa Maidin, Mazlan Aliman, Siti Mariah Mahmud and Mohamad Nizar Jamaluddin to finish in the top five.
He also predicts that Mujahid Yusof Rawa, Dzulkefly Ahmad and Khalid Samad will remain among the top 10.
Mat Sabu mendapat 420 undi berbanding Tuan Ibrahim 399 dan Nasharudin 224 daripada jumlah keseluruhan 1045 undi.
Salahudin mendapat (753) undi, Husam (660), Mahfuz (616), Idris (491), Nik Amar (321) dan Nizar (217).
Can't wait to know the result of this Muktamar. Whoever will be on the top committee will determine the direction of PAS to stay relevant in Malaysia' political scene.
Hudud is not suitable for Malaysia environment.
Is that true that the Pas in Kelantan are ready for hudud implementation as reported?
The known DEVILS UMNO now support Hudud law to be implemented in Kelantan.
rajraman. Pas should throw it's members who want to talk Malay Unity with UMNO and concentrate on replacing UMNO as new Malay Party and think about development and welfare of all Malaysian. The "ALLAH" is always there and everywhere and PAS members don't have to worry about Chinese and Indian God.Think about the days we going to live not the days after dead.Then Pas will be a chosen one to replace the Devils UMNO.


Consentino's Case In Point states that an interviewer may call your bluff or outrightly say your approach to reaching an assumption or mini conclusion is wrong in order to see how you'll react. So in the case, you either stand your ground or analyse both sides and acqueise depending on the stronger argument. However, when do I decide if, when an interviewer does this, he's actually trying to help me or he's trying to test me?
First let me state that for MBB interviews, this kind of behavior is VERY uncommon! I can say that during my time as interviewer for both McKinsey and BCG, we were actively trained to NOT mislead candidates during cases!
So if you are challenged on an approach, chances are that there are indeed points you should consider. In this case I would clarify with the interviewer where the problem lies (i.e., start recapitulating your basic ingoing assumptions and deductively confirming the logical conclusions regarding relevant elements). Going through your approach elements one by one will then force the interviewer to either explicitly discuss "wrong" elements of your approach or to pinpoint missing elements. It is essentially a structured testing for MECEness. The result of this process will be either a refined approach, or the interviewer needs to admit a bluff (as I said, unlikely at MBB).
Since the time of the case is limited (25-35 min), the interviewer will be giving you the tips to help you reach the conclusion faster. It's important to listen to these tips. If you hear this tip - it's important to dig deeper into this issue immediately, saying something like: "That sounds interesting. I would like to investigate this information further and if there is nothing there I will get back to my initial structure"
Interviewers may be challenging you asking to provide more evidence (arguments) or asking how you would check the particular assumption on a real project. But I've never seen any interviewer saying that you are wrong if you were right.
I agree the process mentioned is uncommon. What could happen though is that you get a question like "Are you sure" after a math computation, in particular if you made mistakes before.
Most of the time, this will let you realise there was an actual mistake from your side somewhere, and thus that the interviewer wanted to help you identify it.
Is it heard of for an MBB firm to provide a case coaching session first prior to second round interviews?
What articles from McKinsey website to read in order to get ready for the interview?


text:
Watch DART Impact Through The Eyes Of Webb And Hubble
October 22, 2022 October 21, 2022 by SunniyaZ
A groundbreaking NASA test for protecting Earth from future asteroids or comet threats was conducted right in front of two of NASA's premier observatories.
Together, NASA's Webb and Hubble space telescopes gathered data before and after the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), which involved purposefully ramming Dimorphous, the asteroid moonlet in the Didymos double-asteroid system, at over 15,000 mph.
Related: What is the goal of the DART mission? 2022
Significance of Webb And Hubble
The combined capabilities of Webb and Hubble, on the same target, at the same time, will enable researchers to analyze a wide range of data relating to the composition and history of our solar system. Ground-based telescope observations will not only help determine how effective the test was in changing the asteroid's orbit.
Two of NASA's Great Observatories, the James Webb and Hubble Space Telescopes, have captured photographs of a unique NASA experiment designed to deliberately crash a spacecraft with a small asteroid in the first-ever in-space test for planetary defense. These photos of the NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) impact represent the first time that Webb and Hubble have simultaneously examined the same celestial target.
Role Of Webb And Hubble The DART Mission
DART purposefully collided with Dimorphous, the asteroid moonlet in Didymos' double-asteroid system, on September 26, 2022, at 7:14 p.m. EDT.
It was the first time the kinetic impact mitigation technology has ever been tested, which involves deploying a spaceship to divert an asteroid that doesn't pose a threat to Earth and change its orbit. DART is a test for protecting Earth from possible asteroids and comet threats.
Together, the Hubble and Webb observatories can answer important scientific questions about the structure and development of our solar system. The coordinated Hubble and Webb observations are more than just a technical achievement for each telescope.
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson stated, Webb and Hubble show what we've long understood at NASA: We learn more when we work together.
"For the first time, Webb and Hubble have simultaneously taken images of the same cosmic object: an asteroid that has traveled seven million miles and been struck by a spaceship.
The discoveries concerning the DART mission and beyond that will be made by Webb, Hubble, and our ground-based observatories are eagerly anticipated by all of mankind."
Related: Why is Nasa smashing a spacecraft into an asteroid with the Dart mission?
How Will The DART Mission Help Scientists?
Scientists will be able to learn more about the characteristics of Dimorphic' surface, the amount of material ejected by the collision, and the speed at which it was ejected by combining observations from Webb and Hubble. Additionally, Webb recorded the hit in infrared, while Hubble recorded it in visible light, using distinct wavelengths of light.
The distribution of particle sizes in the spreading dust cloud will be revealed by observing the impact at a variety of wavelengths, allowing scientists to assess whether it emitted predominantly fine dust or a mix of large and small particles.
This data will be combined with ground-based telescope observations to assist researchers better understand how an asteroid's orbit can be changed by a kinetic collision.
Before and After Impact Sites Are Captured by Webb
Prior to the collision, Webb made one observation of the impact location. Then, over the course of the following few hours, he made additional observations. A tight, compact core is visible in images from Webb's Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam), with material plumes appearing as wisps streaming away from the impact site.
Given the asteroid's rapid ascent through the sky, viewing the impact with Webb posed special difficulties for the mission operations, planning, and science teams.
The teams put in further effort in the weeks before the impact to enable and test a means of tracking asteroids traveling more than three times faster than the initial speed limit set for Webb as DART approached its target.
Principal investigator Cristina Thomas of Northern Arizona University in Flagstaff, Arizona, stated of the Webb Mission Operations team that helped make this possible, "I have nothing but incredible admiration for the people who made this a reality." "I'm incredibly thrilled that this has happened. We have been planning these observations for years, then in detail for weeks."
How Will Webb Be Useful In Near Research Observations?
In the upcoming months, researchers also intend to use Webb's Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) and Near-Infrared Spectrograph to study the asteroid system (NIRSpec). Researchers will learn more about the asteroid's chemical makeup via spectroscopic data.
Over the course of five hours, Webb observed the effect and took ten pictures. The information was gathered as part of the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy's Webb Cycle 1 Guaranteed Time Observation Program 1245, which was directed by Heidi Hammel (AURA).
Hubble Images Display Ejecta Movement Following Impact
Additionally, Hubble recorded observations of the binary system 15 minutes before DART collided with the surface and again 15 minutes thereafter. Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 captured images that demonstrate the impact in visible light.
Ejecta from the impact are visible as beams extending from the asteroid's body. The more prominent, widely spread out spike of ejecta to the left of the asteroid is in the general vicinity of where DART came from.
Why More Observation Is Required For Further Information?
Astronomers need to look more closely in order to interpret some of the beams' apparent small curves. Astronomers determined from the Hubble photos that the brightness of the system increased three times after impact and remained constant even eight hours later.
Over the next three weeks, Hubble intends to check in on the Didymos-Dimorphous system 10 more times. The ejecta cloud's expansion from the ejection to its disappearance will be better depicted by these consistent, rather long-term measurements as it changes over time.
Jian-Yang Li of the Planetary Science Institute in Tucson, Arizona, who oversaw the Hubble observations, stated of his reaction to the findings: "When I saw the data, I was genuinely flabbergasted, astounded by the remarkable clarity of the ejecta that Hubble acquired." I consider myself fortunate to have been present for this moment and to have contributed to its success.
In the moments leading up to and soon after DART's collision with Dimorphous, Hubble snapped 45 photos. The General Observers Program 16674 of Cycle 29 included the Hubble data collection.
According to Andy Rivkin, DART Investigation Team Lead at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, "This is a unique view of an extraordinary occurrence."
1 thought on "Watch DART Impact Through The Eyes Of Webb And Hubble"
Learn something new….thanks for sharing 👍


Okay so a long time ago I bought the ViralOutbreak pack and the first model I wanted to use in my game was the pincher. after the video showing the glowing yellow eyes as their shader, shooting him then and their will cause him to die and ragdoll. yes this happens, but what I noticed his shader stops, he freezes and all colision is disabled locking him in his last frame. yesterday I wanted to fix this and I noticed that using the FPI edit path, the creator of the scripts has some scripts labeled in a desc format, " ; "
I went ahead and removed this and got a new result. after shooting him in his yellow eye shader, he was still alive and attacking me from and distance with no eye shader. so I looked closely at one of the ;desc above a script and it said, "set 1 point above death to trigger" something of that nature, so I set it to this --- >>> :sethealth=1 instead of --->>> :sethealth=201, on all three states that had this. Now finally he dies, ragdolls as suspose to, and suspends. BUT! his eye shader is still their... can anybody please help me, I really wanted to use this modelpack in a complete section using all the enemies... all im using is just twitcher decayed, spiky and medusa. PS. Grendel has the same problem?!?!?! someone please help!
Stealth Sin Yes,, these problems have been fix long ago by Flatlander.


Established in 1920, Clipsal is Australia's number one brand of electrical products, accessories and solutions. Clipsal has grown and evolved with great success, and continues to manufacture products at Gepps Cross in South Australia. Over the years, Clipsal has also developed a great understanding of the commercial and domestic building industries and continuously meets their broad and specific electrical requirements.
Development of building automation in the early 90s led to Clipsal becoming design and manufacturing specialists in lighting control and building management products, which is commonly known today as C-Bus. Since then, C-Bus has gained widespread acceptance in major commercial and domestic markets. Clipsal's reputable, high quality product range and strong history of R&D clearly positions the brand as an electrical industry leader.
As part of Schneider Electric, the largest global specialists in energy management, Clipsal can provide a total electrical solution for any project specification or customer requirement. With a primary focus towards turning clients' objectives into reality, Clipsal is dedicated to providing customers with the most innovative, sustainable and cost effective electrical solutions available - from the most exclusive boardroom to a robust factory environment.
The company has a long and proud history of working successfully with installers, end-users, lighting designers and consulting engineers, with the aim to develop mutually beneficial partnerships.
An extensive and innovative product offering ensures Clipsal can meet electrical specifications for any commercial space.
From project concept and design; to installation, commissioning and building occupation - Clipsal's comprehensive solutions are backed by exceptional service and expert advice to ensure your next project is a complete success.
C-Bus is an Australian designed and engineered microprocessor control system. It provides complete control of lighting and other electrical devices. Through innovative design and extensive R&D, C-Bus is easy to install and by far the most cost effective, user-friendly control and management system available on the market.
The comprehensive C-Bus product range provides specifiers, lighting designers and integrators with the essential requirements to meet any control and management system specifications.
This includes wall switches; touch screens; high powered commercial dimmers; control relays; audio solutions; heating, ventilation and air conditioning; occupancy, light level sensors; security and access systems; energy control and monitoring solutions; and software packages.
C-Bus utilises "distributed intelligence", which means it does not require a central controller like other systems. This increases the redundancy of the architecture and eliminates the risk of total failure to provide a more dependable, safer system.
The C-Bus protocol has proven to be extremely robust and reliable. The C-Bus system includes gateways and interfaces to allow for a for high level of integration with other technologies and building management systems, including DSI, DMX, DALI, BACnet,OPC and TCP/IP.
C-Bus can control virtually any type of electrical load with ease, whether it's simple digital control of lighting or variable (analogue) control, such as dimming fluorescent ballasts.
Each C-Bus device has its own in-built microprocessor and can be individually programmed with ease to integrate with other devices.
Through a two-way, closed loop communication system, C-Bus allows individual network devices to communicate directly with each other.
This creates a more intelligent network with precise control; enabling individual devices to provide information about their status.
C-Bus software allows simple control and monitoring of an entire network system from a user-friendly interface.
The user interface can also be customised and configured to suit specific requirements, with a wide selection of control screens and buttons.
Internationally Recognised: The core protocol of C-Bus is based on the internationally recognised ISO seven-layer communications model, ensuring C-Bus communication is extremely robust and reliable.
Compliance: C-Bus products have been designed to meet Australian, American and European Directives and Standards for electrical safety and EMC compliance. Clipsal's expert design and engineering teams are specialists in mechanical design, plastics, tooling, printed circuit board layout and environmental proofing. This ensures product reliability and compliance with all International Standards.
Simple to Design and Document: C-Bus is extremely simple to document at the project design stage. Switching and control circuits don't need to be selected until system commissioning. Network changes can also be made at any time without altering the schematics. Only a C-Bus network connection is required for each unit at the time of installation. During commissioning, the system is programmed so that specific C-Bus commands trigger specific responses in one (or more) devices. The units' functionality can be re-programmed at any time and C-Bus units can easily be added, moved or removed.
High-Level Control: Digital or analogue, C-Bus can control any type or size of load. For example, the main switch panel in a typical building could contain 100 relay channels and 100 dimming channels (or even more), yet only one C-Bus network would need to be wired to the switch panel.
C-Bus does not require a centralised computer or any other controller, however, a PC can be used to add more features if desired.
Compared to other control and management systems, this innovative design offers considerable cost advantages, while providing greater flexibility and reliability.
Every C-Bus unit is assigned a unique code, so that all devices on the C-Bus network can be identified and programmed individually. Since C-Bus uses "peer to peer" communication, every C-Bus device responds to their commands directly from the network, rather than a central controller. The number of commands that can be programmed into a C-Bus system is almost limitless.
Integration: C-Bus can fully integrate with virtually any control or building management system. The flexibility and "open systems" approach of C-Bus makes it easy to integrate with other devices, including air conditioning, audiovisual equipment, security, access control, lighting, irrigation, automatic doors, motorised blinds/shutters, etc.
C-Bus can also be operated by a building management system (BMS) to control integrated third-party devices to create a seamless, user-friendly solution in a complete electrical package.
Simple to Install and Commission: Clipsal offers training and certification to installers involved in C-Bus installations. Accredited C-Bus installers are available throughout the UK and Ireland. C-Bus is also designed to be completely backwards compatible, ensuring continued operation as networks are upgraded.
Flexibility: C-Bus provides the ultimate flexibility in switching and control. Functions can be changed, added, removed or reprogrammed at any time or at any position on the network, without any cumbersome hard rewiring. Extra C-Bus Units can be added at any time. Simply connect them to the desired point on the C-Bus network.
C-Bus can carry out almost unlimited control sequences, including centralised control; enabling override of individual units, groups, zones, buildings and sites. Any input device can be programmed as a master control point. Overrides can be positioned anywhere on the network to other C-Bus units.
Clipsal's engineering and design knowledge has led to the development of an extensive range of C-Bus products to suit world markets - meeting the requirements and regulations of lighting and building industries.
Error Reporting: In commercial buildings, rapid problem resolution is essential, which is why C-Bus products are designed to report error conditions and highlight operational problems. C-Bus can provide total master control from a central point, such as a service room. The Service Manager can monitor the entire lighting circuitry at a glance and troubleshoot any potential problems quickly and efficiently.
Energy Efficiency: Modern commercial facilities require more light, more comfort and more intelligence. With an increasing focus towards getting more from less, energy efficiency is paramount.
Lumen Maintenance: Lumen maintenance or light level management uses a combination of light level sensing and dimming to optimise lighting levels. Light level management saves energy by preventing over illumination.
Daylight Harvesting: Daylight harvesting is used in conjunction with light level management and takes advantage of natural sunlight by dimming lighting in areas that are sufficiently lit through windows and skylights. As sunlight decreases, light level sensors increase the level of artificial light to compensate. Not only will this save energy, but also improve the comfort of building occupants.
Occupancy and Vacancy Detection:Occupancy detection is useful for controlling rooms that are not regularly used. Storage areas, meeting rooms and toilet facilities fitted with PIR sensors will activate lighting when someone enters the room. Timers can be used to switch lights off when no movement is detected after a period of time.Vacancy detection requires the user to press a switch to first turn on the lights, after this the detectors take over and maintain the lights on while people are present in the space. Ultrasonic detectors can also be used to provide increased sensitivity in areas where people may be relatively sedentary such as individual offices, or meeting rooms.Occupancy and vacancy detection provides the convenience of automatic switching, with the benefit of energy savings, as lights are switched off when not required.
Schedules: Schedules are used to switch lights on for start of business and off at close of business. Different businesses within the same building may have varied operating hours and separate schedules can be programmed for various locations within a building, complex or development.
Timers: Timers can be used in conjunction with wall switches to enable lights and facilities such as air conditioning, to switch off after a predefined period. Timers are commonly used with occupancy sensors to ensure lights remain on for a minimum period of time, after movement is detected. This can also assist to prolonging the lifespan of lamps by preventing excessive on/off cycling.
Corridor Linking: Corridor linking is used to link the operation of corridor lighting with offices and other areas, ensuring the corridor remains lit if, for example, an adjacent conference room is in use. This provides occupants with a well-lit, safe passage throughout a building.
Scene Settings: Scene settings combine functions to create a particular effect, such as dimming lighting levels and closing blinds simultaneously. Scenes easily recreate the different lighting levels used at various times of the day for applications such as restaurants and hotels. Scenes are also useful in conference rooms and theatres or virtually any application where various functions are performed simultaneously.


FCD scanner is a slow and simple implementation of a swept-tuned spectrum analyzer in Python. It can display received signal strength versus time versus frequency using a number of real-time visualizations and can also log measured data for later analysis.
It works by sweeping a radio receiver through a range of frequencies and measuring the signal power at the receiver output. Resolution bandwidth is determined by the channel filter used by the receiver and sweep time is limited by receiver settle time.
See also this blog post for some background information.
can log measurements to an ASCII file.
Funcube Dongle Pro using the GnuRadio framework.
VESNA wireless sensor node connected through a serial port and running the vesna-spectrum-sensor application.
If you want to process fcd_scanner log files in your own Python scripts, you can use the fcd_scanner.log.load() method and the FCDScannerLog object to parse the log file format.
A script for loading log files into Octave or Matlab is also provided.
See the README file and docstring documentation for more details.
The latest development version is available for download.
You can also get the Python source directly from the git repository using the command below.
Refer to the README file included in the distribution for details on installation.


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VICHNEVSKAIA v. 200 WEST 86TH APARTMENT CORP
Elena VICHNEVSKAIA, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. 200 WEST 86TH APARTMENT CORP., Defendant-Respondent.
FRIEDMAN, J.P., SULLIVAN, NARDELLI, WILLIAMS, SWEENY, JJ. Morley and Trager, New York (Leslie Trager of counsel), for appellants. Callan, Koster, Brady & Brennan, LLP, New York (Michael P. Kandler of counsel), for respondent.
Judgment, Supreme Court, New York County (Harold B. Beeler, J. and a jury), entered August 23, 2004, dismissing the complaint in an action for personal injuries sustained in a fall on steps leading out of defendant's building, unanimously affirmed, without costs. Appeal from order, same court and Justice, entered on or about July 20, 2004, unanimously dismissed, without costs, as subsumed in the appeal from the aforesaid judgment.
The jury's finding that defendant was negligent in its maintenance of the steps but that such negligence was not a proximate cause of plaintiff's fall is supported by a fair interpretation of the evidence (see Ohdan v. City of New York, 268 A.D.2d 86, 88, 89, 706 N.Y.S.2d 419 [2000], lv. denied 95 N.Y.2d 769, 722 N.Y.S.2d 473, 745 N.E.2d 393 [2000] ), including plaintiff's expert's testimony that he could not say which one or combination of the six separate defects he found on the steps caused plaintiff to fall, and indeed that it was possible that none of the defects caused the fall. Tending to support the latter possibility was plaintiff's testimony that she did not know what caused her to fall, and was hurrying and looking not at the steps but forward. Given this latter testimony, the trial court properly permitted defendant's attorney to cross-examine plaintiff's expert as to the possibility that the fall was caused not by one or more of the six defects he had identified, but by plaintiff's own misstep (cf. Bitterman v. Grotyohann, 295 A.D.2d 383, 743 N.Y.S.2d 167 [2002] ). The trial court correctly ruled that sections 153 and 154 of 1916 Building Code, claimed by plaintiff to be the applicable Code, do not require that the steps in question have handrails. In any event, even if the lack of handrails were the defect, or one of the defects, found by the jury, the jury could also have fairly found that handrails would not have prevented the fall, given its sudden nature and backward direction. We have considered plaintiff's other arguments and find them to be unavailing.


This is to allow the removal of columns and truss work and your patience at these times is appreciated.
Taxis should use bus stop E instead.
Further information about the London Bridge works can be found on the Transport for London website.


The National Association of General Practitioners (NAGP) is to call an emergency meeting shortly of its 2,000 plus members to discuss the outcome of the Referendum on the Eighth Amendment.
The meeting will consider what impact the decision might have on GPs and their patients.
The NAGP totally respects the decision of the people in the Referendum outcome.
It is important to note that the NAGP had previously highlighted concerns it had with the narrative, in the lead up to the referendum, that an abortion service would be GP-led. Indeed, both the Minister for Health and the Taoiseach changed that terminology to a 'Doctor-led service' on foot of our concerns.
There were never any talks with the NAGP by the HSE, or the Department of Health, on how a supposed GP-led service might operate.
Previously, the Citizen's Assembly and many members of the Oireachtas, had suggested that an abortion service in Ireland should be GP-led.
There has never been any basis for the Government, or others to believe that the service would be GP-led.
Overall, the NAGP was conscious not to take a formal position on the referendum. We believed that each individual doctor had their own view and a formal position by a union would have interfered with the democratic process.
The GP is there in a supportive capacity, as has always been the case, in a crisis pregnancy.
With that position clear, we are now seeking engagement with the Department of Health to devise a respectful, safe and supportive pathway for women in crisis pregnancies.
It would always be up to each individual GP to personally decide if they wished to provide any service.
The Government and the Minister for Health now need to engage with the NAGP on the implications of proposed legislation and any planning for support services.
However, it is important to say that the family doctor service does not currently have the infrastructure to provide potential future support services.
The NAGP President, Dr Mait O'Tuathail, said "the women of Ireland deserve the best care and society must ensure this happens." He continued "There must also be discussions between the Government and GPs on the provision of proposed expanded contraceptive services."


Before you contact a stager in Taigum, QLD, AU, make sure to consider a few things. Are you willing to change your home and take the advice of this professional to help sell your house or condo? Do you think your house or condo would greatly benefit from the help of a stager? How long are you comfortable having your home on the market? A staged home is likely to sell faster and, on occasion, at a higher asking price than a non-staged home. But there is no guarantee.
Find a home staging professional on Houzz. Narrow your search in the Professionals section of the website to Taigum, QLD, AU home stagers. You can also look through Taigum, QLD, AU photos by style to find a room you like, then contact the professional who staged it.


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Adirondack Tales: John C. Austin, Alive Or Dead
Adirondack guides from over a century ago are themselves part of the lore and history of the region. Their handling of city "sports," coupled with their great abilities in the woods, provided the background for many a legendary tale. Guides were often strongly independent and shared a great affinity for the solitude of the deep woods. So what were nearly two dozen of these woodsmen doing in a New York City courtroom in the winter of 1893–94?They were present for the culmination of a terrific news story that had earned sustained coverage for more than two years. Dozens of American and Canadian newspapers followed the tale, which at times dominated the New York City media. A key component was its Adirondack connection.
The story centered on well-known businessman John C. "Jack" Austin, 38, of Brooklyn. Fit, trim, and very athletic, he participated regularly in team and individual sports. In industry, he was known to have enjoyed success, providing a comfortable, if not wealthy, existence for his family. Austin's wife died in February 1891, leaving him with three young children to raise, which he was doing with the aid of their very attentive housekeeper.The afternoon of July 4, 1891, was like any other holiday in Austin's life, with plans to attend the horse races or go swimming at Manhattan Beach. He kissed the children good-bye and went on his way, promising to take them that evening to the Independence Day fireworks.Nearly nine hours later, the clerk at Manhattan Beach was performing the nightly check of the safe's contents when he encountered an envelope bearing the name and street address of John Austin. For bathers visiting the beach, it was normal procedure to hire a bath room for changing clothes, and to deposit any valuables (wallet, cash, rings, watches) in envelopes provided by the facility. The owner received a numbered ticket which was later used to recover those goods.After finding the envelope with Austin's name on it, the clerk searched Room #391, where he found a coat, vest, shirt, hat, trousers, and underwear. In the pockets of the clothing were a case of business cards, a penknife, some keys, and some pencils.Since it was nighttime and Austin's personal belongings were still present, there was only one logical explanation: the owner likely had drowned. The clerk called for help, and in the presence of the bathing-pavilion superintendent, the Manhattan Beach chief of police, and a fireman, the security envelope was opened.Inside were items of varying value: a pocketbook containing a few dollars and some change- a ring with the letter S on it- and a lady's gold watch and chain, studded with pearls.The family was contacted and apprised of the situation. Joseph Austin (John's brother), and Thomas Carruthers (John's brother-in-law) positively identified the belongings as John's, and a search was initiated. For two days, police and volunteers patrolled the water and the beaches, covering not only Manhattan Beach, but the nearby shores of Jamaica Bay, Plum Island, Rockaway, and Sheepshead Bay.Veteran lawmen and experienced searchers knew what to do and where to look. Drownings were not uncommon off the shores of Coney Island, where tides and the prevailing winds routinely sent victim's bodies to the shore sooner or later. Austin was presumed drowned, and alerts were issued to authorities on Staten Island as well as the New Jersey shore on the outside chance the body might surface there.Over the course of ten days, nothing was found, which in itself stirred suspicions. Some suggested that a northwest wind had driven the body out to sea, but police and beach veterans knew better. Austin's room, #391, had been rented at about 4:00 pm, and for several hours following, a strong flood tide had pushed inland. To a man, they recognized it as an unusual circumstance that Austin's body had not washed ashore—if he had, in fact, drowned.The family filed a claim with two insurance companies, where Austin's coverage totaled $25,000 (equal to about $620,000 today). However, since no body had been recovered, one of the companies had already begun an investigation, despite the stellar public image of Austin as a respected, honest, hard-working family man. They wouldn't be paying on the claim just yet.A number of peculiarities, both large and small, were noted in the situation surrounding John Austin's disappearance. He was known to be wearing a very valuable diamond ring, but only an inexpensive ring was found in the envelope.The same was true of the lady's watch that was found. Austin always wore his own watch, described as "a magnificent chronometer." Friends and relatives said the valued watch was being repaired at a jeweler, but the insurance company discovered that the watch had been picked up on July 3, the day before he vanished. The jeweler's shop was very near Austin's office, but for some unknown reason, he had sent a messenger boy with a check to pick up the watch.It was also learned that John Austin patronized Manhattan Beach regularly and was well known to many of the workers—yet no one recalled seeing him on July 4. Further, on that day it was chilly and windy, reducing attendance to about 600 on a beach that often held many thousands of bathers. Despite the sparseness of the crowd, no employees could be found who had seen Austin.Co-workers and partners confirmed that the missing man always carried plenty of cash, almost never less than $100. And yet the envelope of his belongings held just a few dollars.He was also known to many as a very prolific and strong swimmer, often covering extreme distances. Drowning seemed an unlikely end for such a fit and able swimmer.Another possibility was floated: perhaps Austin had been hiding out while an imposter went to the beach on his behalf, used the changing room, and deposited the valuables (which had since been deemed not so valuable after all). That would explain why (in an unusually sparse crowd) no attendants had seen Austin. Maybe he hadn't been there at all.Many more suspicious developments spurred further investigation, expanding far from the confines of New York City. Austin's three orphaned children were now living with his sister, who was a resident of Montreal, Quebec. It was learned that their missing father was one of a great many city dwellers who frequented the Adirondacks for hunting and fishing expeditions. Since the Adirondacks were little more than an hour south of Montreal, investigators kept digging.It was then ascertained that John C. Austin was no stranger to the North Country. To be more specific, a number of those stalwarts of the north woods, the Adirondack guides, claimed to have not only seen Austin since his supposed drowning, but had guided him in several areas, including the Saranac Lake region.New developments caused further consternation. Of the two insurance policies which together were equal to well over $600,000 (in 2012), one had been secured by Austin on July 1, just three days before he vanished. And, after procuring the new policy, he had asked a secretary in the insurance office if it took effect at that very moment. It did seem an unusual query. With confirmation, he requested that the policy be sent to him ASAP. It was mailed that afternoon.A few witnesses eventually came forth, claiming they had seen a man disappear while swimming well offshore on July 4. Skeptical detectives suggested another scenario. Since Austin was widely known as a powerful swimmer, they believed he swam a few miles out, where he was picked up by a boat and secreted for a time at the home of his good friend, Henry LaMarche, south of Sandy Hook, New Jersey, not much more than ten miles from Manhattan Beach.LaMarche denied it, but his gardener and other employees stated emphatically that they had seen Austin with LaMarche in the days following the supposed drowning.Following up on Jack Austin's great love of the north woods, detectives found many Adirondack guides who had known him over the years and claimed to have recently seen him and/or worked for him. One of them provided a photograph, said to have been taken recently. It showed Austin in full hunting gear. Confident now that this was a scam, the insurance companies denied the family's claims, which were made on behalf of the children. Both sides had taken a firm stand, and the matter of whether or not John C. Austin was alive or dead would be decided by the courts.Thus, in December, 1893, about twenty Adirondack woodsmen found themselves en route to New York City for an extended stay, courtesy of the insurance companies. They were to testify about their interactions with Austin and the range of his movements.
Next week: The conclusion?Adirondack guides from the big woods make a big impression in the big city.Photos: Top?Manhattan Beach, circa 1900. Bottom?Headline from the Austin case.
The story of John Austin is one of 51 original North Country history pieces appearing in Adirondack & North Country Gold: 50+ New & True Stories You're Sure to Love (352 pp.), a recent release by author Lawrence Gooley, owner of Bloated Toe Publishing.
Uncategorized Adirondacks, Brooklyn, Coney Island, Crime and Justice, New York City, Political History Leave a comment
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