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Lecture VII
30 July 1922, Dornach
We have now seen how the economic system as a whole takes its course; we have seen how purchase or sale, loan and gift act as impelling factors, motive factors, within this system. Let us realise at once that there can be no economic system without this interplay of loan, gift and purchase. The influences, which create the economic values (of which we have already spoken from one aspect) and lead to the forming of price, will therefore proceed from these three factors: purchase, loan and gift. The important thing is to understand how the three factors work in the forming of price. Only by perceiving this, shall we succeed in any degree in formulating the price problem.
It is very necessary that we should have a distinct view of the real nature of separate economic problems. In this respect our present Economic Science is full of unclear ideas — ideas which, as I have often explained, become confused mainly because they try to grasp at rest what is in constant movement.
Granting then that gift, purchase and loan are inherent in economic movement, let us consider what in our present-day economy are — if I may so call them — the principal factors of rest. Let us turn for a moment to what is perhaps one of the commonest topics nowadays and a principal source of the errors that find their way into Political Economy. People talk of "Wages," and they talk of them in such a way as to make them look like the price of Labour. If the so-called wage-earner has to be paid more, they say: "The price of Labour has gone up." If he has to be paid less, they say: "Labour is cheaper." Thus they actually speak as though a kind of sale and purchase took place between the wage-earner who sells his Labour and the man who buys it from him. But this sale and purchase is fictitious. It does not in reality take place. That is the trouble in our present economic conditions. On all hands we have hidden or masked relationships — relationships which develop in a way not in accordance with what in a deeper sense they really are. I have spoken of this before.
Value in the economic system, as we have already seen, can only arise in the exchange of products — in the exchange of commodities or — more generally — of economic products. It cannot arise in any other way. But what follows? If value can only arise in this way, and if moreover the price of the value is to be arrived at along the lines laid down yesterday (that is, by seeing that the producer of a given product receives, as its counter-value, what he will require to satisfy his needs during the production of another like product) — if this is to be possible, the various products must, as it were, reciprocally determine one another's value. And, after all, it is not difficult to see that this is what actually happens in the economic process. Only it is masked by the fact that money steps in between the objects exchanged. But the money is not the important thing. We should not take the slightest interest in money if it did not foster the exchange of products, making the process not only more convenient but less expensive. We should have no need of money if it were not for the fact that when a man brings a product to the market — under the influence of the division of Labour — he cannot be bothered to fetch what he needs from wherever it may happen to be; instead, he takes money for it, so that he may supply his needs later on at his own convenience. In fine we may say: It is the mutual tension, arising between the various products in the economic process, which must be concerned in the forming of prices.
Let us consider from this point of view the so-called wage-nexus, that is, the Labour-nexus. We cannot really exchange Labour for anything; since, as between Labour and anything else, there is no possibility of reciprocal determination of value. We may fancy that we are paying for Labour, we may even actualise this fancy by letting in the wage-nexus. But we do not really do anything of the sort. In reality, even in the Labour or wage-nexus, it is values which are exchanged. The worker produces something directly; he delivers a product, and it is this product which the enterpriser [Unternehmer] really buys from him. In actual fact, down to the last farthing, the enterpriser pays for the products which the workers deliver to him. It is time we began to see these things in their right light. The enterpriser buys products from the worker; and after he has bought them it is his business to impart to them a higher value, by making use of the conditions present in the social organism and by his own enterprising or "undertaking " spirit. It is really this which gives him his profit. He gains on the transaction because, having bought the commodities from his workers, he is able by his "knowledge of the market" (we must not shirk unpleasant expressions) to enhance their value.
Thus, in the Labour-nexus we are dealing with a true purchase. And, ladies and gentlemen, we cannot speak of a surplus value arising through the Labour-nexus as such. All we can say is that in such and such circumstances the price which the enterpriser pays is not according to the true price, of which we spoke yesterday; and this is a thing we shall often find in the economic process — that, although the products reciprocally determine one another's values, although they have their real values, these values are not actually paid for in the course of commercial dealing. It is easy enough to see that all values are not really paid for. Take the case of a manufacturer on a small scale, who suddenly inherits a large legacy. Tired of the whole factory business, he decides to sell his stock-in-trade, and does so at an absurdly low price. That does not mean that the commodities decrease in value; it only means that the true price is not paid. Thus in actual economic intercourse prices are constantly being falsified. We must not forget this. In the course of commercial dealing prices may often be falsified. But there is, nevertheless, a true price. The commodities sold by the man in the above example are worth just as much as the same commodities produced by someone else.
Now that we have tried to make it clear that the wage-nexus does really involve a purchase, let us consider what is involved by rent — by the price of land. You see, the conditions under which the price of land originates are not those of a mature economy. To take an extreme instance, we may consider how a piece of land may have come under the control of particular persons by conquest, that is, by the exercise of force. Even here, no doubt, the element of exchange will enter in to some extent; the invader will have granted certain portions of the conquered territory to those who helped him to victory. Here, then, at the starting-point of an economic process we have something that is not properly economic. The process is not really economic; it is a process to which we can only apply the word "power" or "right." By means of power, rights are gained — rights, in this case, over land. Thus we have the economic domain bordering on the one hand on these relationships of right and power.
But what is it that takes place under the influence of such relationships of right and power? This is what happens continually: The man who has the free right of disposal over land looks after himself better than those others whom he attaches to himself as labourers — who deliver the products to him by their Labour. I am speaking now not of the Labour, but of the products of the Labour; it is the products of Labour with which we are concerned. The others have to deliver more to him than he delivers to them. This, indeed, is only the prolongation of his relationship to them of conquest or right. Now, what is this excess of what they give him over what he gives them? What is it, in other words, that falsifies the price relationship in this case? It is none other than compulsory gift! Here, then, the relation of giving comes in, with the sole difference that the man who is to make the gift does so not of his own free will, but by compulsion; it is in fact a compulsory gift. That is what happens in relation to the land. Through the compulsory gift, the price which farm-products really ought to have in terms of other products is actually raised.
Thus the price of all things capable of subjection to such relationships of "right" has an inherent tendency to rise above its true level. So, for instance, if foresters or huntsmen are living with farmers, the foresters and huntsmen will come off better than the farmers. Farmers, among forest people, have to pay higher prices to the foresters for what they give them — higher prices, that is to say, than the true exchange prices as between their respective products, for the simple reason that in forestry, more than anywhere else, it is as a pure matter of right that the owner has the thing at his disposal and determines prices. Farming requires some real Labour; but in forestry, hunting and the like, we come very near to the pure "Labour-less" valuation — a valuation proceeding solely from relationships of right and power. Again, if handicraftsmen are living among farmers, the prices once again will tend to rise above their true level on the farmer's side; while on the other hand they will sink beneath the true level as against handicraft. Life is dearer for handicraftsmen among farmers; life is comparatively cheaper for farmers among handicraftsmen (assuming there are enough of them to make any appreciable difference). Handicraftsmen among farmers will find life comparatively dearer. Thus, the sequence governing this tendency for prices to rise above or to sink below their true level is as follows: First, forestry, then farming, then handicraft and, lastly, the entirely free spiritual work. These are the lines along which we should approach the problem of price-formation in the economic process.
There is a tendency, an inherent tendency, in the economic process to create rent. The economic process tends, as it were, of its own accord, to submit itself to this necessity of paying more dearly for farm products than for other things. This tendency obtains where there is division of Labour — and all our remarks have reference to a social organism in which there is division of Labour. This tendency is called forth through the fact that what I had to repeat twice over a few days ago, to the bewilderment of a large number of the audience (namely that the man who provides for himself lives more expensively and for that reason must take more for his products, must estimate them at a higher value than one who gets his products in free commercial dealing from others), that this simply does not come in in the case of farming.
In relation to the various branches of industry, ladies and gentlemen, this has a very real meaning, albeit you may have to think a very long time to find your way to that meaning. But in respect to agriculture and forestry it has no meaning. We must never forget that, when we are dealing with realities, the various concepts only hold good for certain regions; they change for other regions. This is equally true in other walks of life. What is a means of healing for the head, is pernicious — is a means to disease — for the stomach; and vice versa. And so it is in the economic organism. For example, if it were at all possible for the farmer not to provide for himself, the rules we apply for the general circulation of commodities would be right in his case, too. But the fact is, he can do no other than provide for himself; for within the economic process the entire agriculture of a social organism forms of its own nature a single entity, however many individual landowners there may be. Accordingly, the farmer must in every case keep back, from the totality of his products, what he has to provide for himself. Even if he gets it from another farmer, in reality he is still keeping it back. The farmer is essentially a man who provides for himself. Hence he is obliged to value his goods more expensively. The consequence is that prices must rise on his side.
It follows that there is an inherent tendency to create rents in the economic process. The only question will now be: How to make these rents harmless in the economic life? But in the first, place we must know that this tendency to create rent exists. If you abolish rents, in one form or another they will be created again, for the simple reason which I have just explained.
You see, for the same reason which underlies the tendency in the economic process to create rent, there arises, on the other hand, the tendency of the industrialists to devalue Capital, to make Capital cheaper and cheaper. We shall best understand this tendency if we get it clear to begin with that Capital cannot really be bought, True, there are dealings in Capital; people "buy" Capital. But every such purchase of Capital is once again merely a masked relationship; in reality we do not buy Capital, we only borrow it. Yet, in the end, even if the relationship is apparently other, you will always be able to unmask it and expose the loan character of industrial Capital. I say expressly, of industrial Capital, for if you extend the principle to rents it is no longer the case. But it is certainly the case with industrial Capital, for the simple reason that there is a constant tendency to undervalue, as compared with other things, that which depends on the human Will — that is to say, handicraft or manufacture and entirely free activity (at this point in the diagram). Industrial Capital is altogether implicated in the free activity of the Spirit; hence it is constantly being devalued; and we may say, on this side (Diagram 4), there is inherent in the economic process a tendency, while we create rents, to lower industrial Capital, to make it lower and lower in value. Just as things become more and more expensive on the one side, on the side of ground-rent, so do they become cheaper and cheaper on the other side, on the side of Capital. Capital has a permanent tendency to go down in its economic value, or rather in its economic price. Rents have a permanent tendency to rise in price.
There is also another reason from which you will see that industrial Capital must inevitably go down. We said just now that in farming one cannot help providing for oneself. It is just by this self-provision that the rise in the value of farm-products is brought about. At the same time you will see that in the case of industrial Capital, where the loan principle predominates, one cannot provide for oneself; one cannot provide for oneself with Capital. What one does provide for oneself must be included in the balance sheet nowadays in precisely the same way as what one borrows — if the balance sheet is to be correct. Since, therefore, at this point (Diagram 4) one cannot provide for oneself, it follows that the opposite tendency obtains — the tendency towards lower prices.
Everything depends on our seeing clearly through these relationships in the economic process. For then we shall see that it is by no means easy to establish true prices. The true price is constantly being upset by the fact that, on the one hand, there are things appearing on the market which tend to be too high in price, while, on the other hand, there are things appearing which tend to be too low in price. And since the price is settled by exchange, being in the middle, between the two, it is continually exposed to these influences. You can observe this very clearly in the economic process. In the same measure in which the products of forestry and agriculture grow more expensive, those produced by free human activity grow cheaper. Thus there arise those relationships of tension which give rise to social unrest and discontents. This, therefore, is the most important question in relation to the formation of price: How can we deal with the natural tension which exists in the creation of prices, as between the values accruing to goods arising out of the free will of man, and the values accruing to those goods in the production of which Nature participates? How can we get at this tension? How can we equate the one, the downward, tendency with the other, upward tendency?
Through division of Labour, more and more highly differentiated products arise. You need only remember how simple are the products arising, let us say, among a hunting or forest community. Here the price difficulty scarcely comes into question; but as soon as agriculture is added to forestry, the difficulty begins. In effect, the difficulty lies in the differentiation; the further the division of Labour extends, and new needs arise in the process, the more does the differentiation of products increase, and the difficulties connected with price-formation accumulate. The more varied are the products, the more difficult does it become to bring about their reciprocal valuation — and the valuation can only be reciprocal. This may be seen from the following comparison: There is a reciprocal valuation even in the case of products only slightly differentiated one from another — say, for instance, wheat and rye and other agricultural products. But follow the thing out over a long period of time and you will find the relationship of reciprocal valuation as between wheat, rye and other cereals remains fairly stable. If wheat goes up, the other cereals go up; if wheat goes down, the other cereals go down with it. This is due to the fact that there is comparatively little differentiation between these products; as soon as the differentiation becomes greater, this constancy no longer obtains. For it may well happen, through various events in the social organism, that some product which someone has been accustomed to exchange for another suddenly shoots up in price, while the other may go down at the same time. Think what revolutions are thus brought about in economic relationships. Altogether the things that happen in the economic world depend far more on the relative risings and fallings in price than on any other circumstance. It is by the relative rise and fall in prices that the difficulties of life itself are introduced into the economic sphere. As to whether the products as a whole rise or fall — if they all rose or fell uniformly, it would concern us very little. What interests people is that the different products rise or fall to a different extent. This fact is emerging in a very tragic way just now, under the present economic conditions. Products rise and fall in varying measure. Money-values especially are rising and falling, but in the money-values we simply have stored up what were once upon a time real values. By this rising and falling, an entire mingling and confusion is now being brought about in society.
From this we can see that there is another way, too, in which we must look at the factors operative in the economic organism. We took our start from the several factors which are enumerated by orthodox Economics, but we saw that the mere enumeration of Nature, Capital and Labour leads us no farther. Precisely when you add what we have said today to what has been said before, you will see that the pricing or valuing of Nature-products does not come about through purely economic relationships, but also through relationships of right or title; while, on the other hand, the valuing of industrial Capital is influenced by the free human Will with all that it unfolds when it is active in public life. Consider all that is necessary in order to collect a sum of Capital for a given purpose. Here the free human will comes in. Where lending is concerned, free human will has a very great part to play — indirectly perhaps, for the man who wants to keep savings is naturally going to invest those savings; but whether he ever saves at all, or not, is an expression of his Will. Here, then, the free human Will plays a real part. Now, if we take this into account, we shall find yet another classification of the economic factors beside the one which we have been considering hitherto.
Up to now I have given you a diagrammatic classification. I showed: There is Nature, but value only arises through Nature elaborated, that is to say, it only arises when Nature moves in the direction of human Labour; and again, value will only arise through human Labour when it moves on towards Capital, i.e., towards the Spirit. In this way the tendency arises to return again to Nature. This, as we saw, can be prevented by leading over the excess Capital, not into the land, where it would become fixed, but into free spiritual undertakings where it vanishes, save for the remnant which must continue as a kind of seed, by which the economic process may be fertilised and maintained.
Now, in addition to this movement which begins from left to right (see (Diagram 5) there is another movement. The former movement, as we have seen, gives rise to elaborated Nature, organised or articulated Labour, and emancipated Capital — Capital, that is to say, which figures only within undertakings dependent on mind or Spirit — active Capital. The other movement does not lead to the creation of values in this way, the preceding element always being taken on by the next, but goes in the opposite direction; the first movement runs counter-clockwise, the second clockwise. Here, in the first movement, something arises through the former member always working on into the next; in the other movement something arises through the fact that that which flows in one direction receives, as it were, what is flowing in the other direction and embraces it. You will see what I mean directly. Remember that Capital is, properly speaking, Spirit realised in the economic process; so that I can write at this point "Spirit" — which gives us Nature, Labour and Spirit. Now when the Spirit absorbs and receives the elaborated Nature (Nature transformed by Labour) — when it does not merely lead it on into the economic process in the continued counter-clockwise movement, but absorbs it — Means of Production arise. What we call means of production is something different — it is in quite an opposite process of movement — from a Nature-product which has been elaborated for consumption. It is a Nature-product taken in charge by the Spirit — a Nature-product which the Spirit needs. From the pen which I possess as my means of production to the most complicated machinery in a factory, means of production
are, as it were, Nature grasped by the Spirit. Nature can be elaborated and sent on in this direction, in which case it becomes Capital; or it can be sent in the other direction, in which case it becomes means of production.
And now, what arises at this point with the help of means of production can move on and be taken in charge in turn by human Labour. Just as Nature is here received by the Spirit, so can the means of production (in the widest sense of the term) be received in turn by Labour. What have we then, when Labour receives the means of production — when means of production and Labour are united? It is Industrial Capital, for in effect industrial Capital consists in this very union. Thus if you follow the process out, you get a movement whereby means of production and industrial Capital coalesce.
And if this movement be now continued, so that Nature (albeit another portion of Nature) from time to time receives what has been produced with the help of means of production a and industrial Capital, then and then only does there arise in the economic process what we may call Commodity in the proper sense. For the commodity is at once taken over by the process of Nature. Either it is eaten, in which case it is taken up very decidedly by Nature; or it is used or otherwise destroyed. In short, a thing becomes a commodity by the very fact that it returns to Nature.
So that you may say: We have now traced out the movement, which is inherent in the whole economic process and which contains the three factors: Means of Production, Industrial Capital and Commodity. Here, at this third point in the diagram, the distinction becomes unusually difficult; for when the thing we are seeking is shifting to and fro in the process of exchange proper — that is, in purchase and sale — it is extraordinarily difficult to distinguish whether it is moving in this direction or in that — whether it is a commodity or something that cannot be called a "commodity" in the true sense of the word. How does a piece of goods become a "commodity"? In describing this counter-clockwise movement, to make the nomenclature quite exact, I ought really to write "goods" instead of "commodities" and in the opposite movement I ought to write "commodity"; for a "commodity" may be defined as a piece of goods in the hands of the tradesman, the merchant who offers it for sale and does not use it himself.
Today my main purpose was that we should acquire such concepts as point to the true relationships in the economic process. These true relationships are again and again being diverted, by falsified processes, into a mode of operation which introduces constant disturbances into the economic process. Continually to smooth out and compensate for the disturbances is one of the essential tasks of Economics. People keep on saying that we ought to get rid of the evils of economic life; and they are inclined to have at the back of their minds the notion: "Then everything will be all right and the earthly paradise will begin." But that is just as though you were to say: "I should like, once and for all, to eat so much that I need never eat any more." I cannot do that; for I am a living organism wherein ascending and descending processes must constantly be taking place. Such ascending and descending processes must equally be present in the economic life; there must be the tendency on the one hand to falsify prices by the forming of rent, and on the other hand the tendency to lower prices on the side of industrial Capital. These tendencies are present all the time, and we must understand them in order to obtain, as far as possible, those prices which represent a minimum of falsification.
To this end it is necessary, by direct human experience, to take hold of the economic process as it were in the nascent state — to be within it all the time. The individual can never do this; nor can a society above a certain size. (A society, for example, such as the State). It can only be done by Associations growing out of the economic life itself, and able therefore to work out of the immediate reality of the economic life. The greater the technical accuracy with which we study the economic process, the more are we led to recognise that the required institutions must grow out of the economic life itself. Then, they will be able to observe the kind of tendencies that are at work and how these can be counteracted.


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Q: Why can't I extend this partition? My system hard drive on my Windows computer is partitioned into 3 primary partitions, and 200+GB additional free space.  The partitions are contiguous:
   C:   20GB
   D:   25GB
   E:  208GB
free:  212GB

I'd like to expand the E: partition, but in the Windows Disk Management GUI, the Extend Volume context-menu option is grayed out and unselectable:

Why won't Windows let me expand this partition?

A: Copied from Facepunch:

Delete that logical partition
  containing the free space at the end
  then you'll be able to extend it.

A: Had the same problem trying to repartition a Vista machine to make have a big enough single partition for Windows 7.  Was unable to get Vista to do it, even after deleting the other patition on the drive.  Ultimately solved the problem using gparted, as described here.

A: Try unmounting it first.  RClick, choose 'Change Drive Letter and Path', then remove the existing drive letter.  Then try to extend.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The emergence of biodegradable materials is a good news for our environment, we also hope that the continuous development of science and technology can help alleviate the pressure of the environment.. Trials found that join the modifying material and without the film of the modified material is hydrolyzed after 60 days the mass loss rate was 25% - 40% and 1% to 1. The provincial industrial environmental solved agricultural plastic film buried in the soil 1 to 5 years to degrade problem.Recently, the Japanese R & D controlled degradation of the plastic film.8%. Meanwhile, a film, a calcium compound is added after the decomposition in PVC pipe the soil to promote the acid soil to a neutral transition. Keywords: biodegradable plastic.com/product/pvc-pipe-fittings/pvc-astm-d2665-dwv-fittings/">PVC ASTM D2665 DWV Fitting in cooperation by adjusting the fan proportion of shells fine calcium compounds, the successful development of a controlled degradation of agricultural plastic film.hj-plastics.
Meanwhile, a film, a calcium compound is added after the decomposition in the soil to promote the acid soil to a neutral transition. Add peppers and neem and other ingredients, the plastic film can also play the role of pest control.New plastic, March 22: The plastic material is very common in our lives, but because of a lot of plastic products are very difficult to degrade our environment causing pressure Japanese R & D, recently controlled degradable plastics film. Recently, Utsunomiya, Japan University Graduate School Tochigi antimicrobial PVC check valve Institute PVC true Union Ball valve to add antibacterial developed by the Institute of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide powder, and then the pepper, neem micronized modified material made of plastic film. Utsunomiya, Japan University Graduate School Tochigi antimicrobial Institute, by adjusting the fan shell the fine calcium compound proportion, success -> Abstract: Recently, Japan's R & D controllable degradable plastic film. Trials found that join the modifying material and without the film of the modified material is hydrolyzed after 60 days the mass loss rate was 25% - 40% and 1% to 1. Researchers three biodegradable plastic as a raw material, to add antibacterial developed by the Institute of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide powder, and then the pepper, neem micronized modified material made of plastic film.
The provincial industrial environmental solved agricultural plastic film buried in the soil 1 to 5 years to degrade problem. New plastic, March 22: The plastic material is very common in our lives, but because of a lot of plastic products are very difficult to degrade our environment causing pressure Japanese R & D, recently controlled degradable plastics film. Add peppers and neem and other ingredients, the plastic film can also play the role of pest control. The emergence of biodegradable materials is a good news for our environment, we also hope that the continuous development of science and technology can help alleviate the pressure of the environment.


text:
Google Testing Its Android And Chrome OS Hybrid
Since last year there were pretty strong rumors that Google is working on a new operating system that integrates the best of Android and the best of Chrome OS, hence, an ad might happen next October 4, the date on which Google held an important event to discuss its future developments.
It has been talked about for years of the death of the Nexus, and finally, the October 4 will be the premiere of Google Pixel. It has been talking for some time of the merger between Android and Chrome OS, and now it looks like it will be on the same date.
This operation, broader, the system is expected to arrive with the name Andromeda. Does, Google thinking about ending Android as we knew so far?
It is still not very concrete about what Google is preparing for its two operating systems. It is said that soon both Android and Chrome OS may disappear and in its place may appear Andromeda, a merger between its two operating systems.
This new OS will be able to meet the needs of both smartphones and laptops, and a cross-platform and it will also be able to reach the new mixed platform, where we have a laptop and tablet.
The idea of this fusion has emerged over time, without any confirmation or evidence that it will exist or not. But a tweet released by Hiroshi Lockheimer, the Senior Vice President of Android, Google Play and Chrome showed now that something will happen on 4 October.
We announced the 1st version of Android 8 years ago today. I have a feeling 8 years from now we'll be talking about Oct 4, 2016.
— Hiroshi Lockheimer (@lockheimer) September 24, 2016
It will be the day when the tech giant Google will have an event which will mainly focus much on its new developments that the tech giant Google prepared. There is a talk of new smartphones like Pixel and Pixel XL, a new 4K Chromecast and even a new Wi-fi router.
But there is room for more news and it is here that Andromeda may arise. This will be the operating system that will merge Android and Chrome OS, along with a line that will ensure that the same platform to serve all available hardware.
Andromeda will take more time to arrive and should only be available in 2017. This will be only the first step of the tech giant Google, which will show just what to do with its new operating system.
Among the keys to this new software is the fact that Google could compete with focused productivity devices, such as the iPad Pro or tablets Surface Pro from Microsoft. Last year, Google tried with Pixel C relying on Android 6.0 Marshmallow, and evidently not convinced its consumers because Android can not compete with computers, but Chrome OS does have that possibility and that is something special which would be offered in the so-called operating system Andromeda.
Android Users can Now Disable 2G to Protect from Stingrays
iPhone SE 3 New Design Leaked, Phone Likely to Have 5.69 Display
How to Use the New Spoiler Formatting in Telegram

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Not an essential upgrade but it gives the Wraith a more scale look and stops any foreign bodies entering the car. Instructions are minimal. watch one of the many you tube videos if struggling. I sprayed mine matt black on both sides to increase longevity. Recommended.


text:
Ten of the Best ist ein Trompeterensemble, gegründet 1991 von Otto Sauter. Zehn Trompeter spielen zusammen, beispielsweise der erste Trompeter der Wiener Staatsoper, des Radiosinfonieorchesters in Prag, der Königlichen Oper in Stockholm, der Göteborger Symphoniker sowie internationale Trompetensolisten aus Klassik und Jazz aus Europa und den USA.

Die Originalbesetzung des Ensembles waren 10 Trompeten plus Klavier, Bass und Schlagzeug. Später spielte das Ensemble zusätzlich mit Vocals, Gitarre, Percussion, Keyboard und Streichern als "Ten of the Best & Friends", unter anderem mit Sting-Gitarrist Dominic Miller, Marius Müller-Westernhagen Gitarrist Markus Wienstroer, James Last Percussionist Pablo Escayola, Level 42 Keyboarder Mike Lindup.

Arrangiert werden die Titel des Ensembles unter anderem von Grammy-Awards-Trägern, die in Hollywood mit Größen wie Barbra Streisand, Frank Sinatra, Neil Diamond, The Commodores und Prince zusammenarbeiten, oder in Deutschland mit Größen wie Peter Herbolzheimer oder Udo Jürgens und seiner Pepe Lienhard Band.

Im August 2001 spielte das Ensemble zur Eröffnung der Veltins-Arena in Gelsenkirchen (Übertragung durch SAT.1 und DSF).
2006 spielte es zur "Playtime Live City Concert Tour", dem deutschlandweiten Musikfestival im Rahmen der FIFA-Fussball-Weltmeisterschaft 2006, unterstützt durch das Organisationskomitee FIFA WM 2006 unter der Schirmherrschaft
von Dr. Theo Zwanziger.

Seit der Gründung des Ensembles wirkten unter anderem Alfred Gaal, Franz Wagnermeyer, Frank David Greene, Bryan Davis, Marek Zvolanek, Bengt Danielsson, Aneel Soomary, Armando Cedillo, Joakim Wangendahl, Erik Veldkamp, Allen Vizzutti, Thierry Caens, Bob Lanese, Gábor Boldoczki, Claude Rippas, John Wallace, Gabriele Cassone, Timofei Dokshitser, Pierre Thibaud, Larry Elam, Bo Nilsson, Clas Strömblad und Christa Nilsson mit.

Diskografie
 1999: Brass Dreams (Ewoton)
 2000: Ten of the Best Play Christmas Melodies (EMI Classics)

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website

Gegründet 1991
Orchester (Deutschland)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In this episode we discuss the multiple attempts made by former Dutch settlers to found independent Boer States, complicated by the Zulu, the British, and the discovery of natural resources. Gary Hallman returns as guest. Thanks to Mike and Donna Bleskie, Ian Davis, Perry, Kimberlyn Crowe, Levent Kemal Sadikoglu, Russ Mangum, Priit Parkson, and more for supporting the show! If you'd like to do the same, please visit http://www.patreon.com/hi101.


The board of the Rural Health Alliance Aotearoa New Zealand meets urgently today to consider the organisation's future after failing to secure a promise of taxpayer funding.
Alliance representatives met Rural Communities Minister Damien O'Connor yesterday, making their case for $600,000 for the organisation, which manages a range of rural health projects.
However the bid, equivalent to $1 for each person living in rural New Zealand, was not accepted.
"We are bitterly disappointed," alliance chairman Martin London said.
"We thought our cause was robust ... but unfortunately they haven't come up with any straight funding, which leaves us in a hugely difficult situation."
Last week the alliance ran out of money and suspended all work other than existing, funded contracts.
"It has now become somewhat urgent because we haven't got enough to come and go on any more," Dr London said.
"We got a fairly clear message that there's not a cheque book and there's not money coming, but at the same time they were keen for our existence to continue."
The alliance board has previously resolved to wind down if it did not receive government funding - as the world's other two rural health networks, in Australia and the United States, do.
"In Australia the funding actually came first, stating get yourself organised because we want a straight conduit to the rural community," Dr London said.
"That's not how it happened in New Zealand, and up till now we have had to rely on subscriptions, organisations and contract work, which doesn't pay for infrastructure."
The alliance is a registered charity, and its initial set up and running expenses were funded by membership fees and sponsorships.


Hanapin ang Pin na ito at marami pa sa Comic Art ni artinspirations0603.
John Wick. Minimalist Poster Movie Comedy.
Karma and Anti-Satanism in the Spiritual Actor, Keanu Reeves .
This is seriously John Wick style choreography.
Karocomic : What You've Been Waiting For :John Wick Chapter3 .
Keanu Reeves yılların usta oyuncusundan bir efsane film daha. John Wick 2 1080p görüntü kalitesiyle sitemizdedir.
#JohnWick/JohnWickChapter2 John "The Baba Yaga Boogeyman Killer"
had lots of action, but a thin plot. Glad I watched on DVD and not at the theater.


It should also be noted that some foods are derived from parts of the hemp plant that may not contain CBD or THC, meaning that their addition to foods might not raise the same issues as the addition of drug ingredients like CBD and THC. We are able to advance the lawful marketing of three such ingredients today. We are announcing that the agency has completed our evaluation of three Generally Recognized as Safe(GRAS) notices related to hulled hemp seeds, hemp seed protein and hemp seed oil and that the agency had no questions regarding the company's conclusion that the use of such products as described in the notices is safe. Therefore, these products can be legally marketed in human foods for these uses without food additive approval, provided they comply with all other requirements and do not make disease treatment claims.


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Roseanne Barr to Fergie: HA! Even I Sang the National Anthem Better Than You!
by Hilton Hater at February 19, 2018 11:14 am .
By now, you've likely read the Internet's stunned and spirited reactions to Fergie's rendition of the national anthem prior to Sunday night's NBA All-Star Game.
By now, you've also likely watched this controversial rendition of the national anthem.
If not, well... prepare yourself to click PLAY and check it out below:
Fergie National Anthem: The Worst of All-Time?
Viewers should have been clued in to Fergie's plan before she even opened her mouth, considering the revealing attire the singer chose to wear for the occasion.
It proved to be quite (form) fitting, as the Black-Eyed Pea went on to deliver what some believe to have been the worst Star-Spangled Banner performance in history...
... but which was definitely the most seductive.
While Fergie tried to turn the persistent nature of the American flag into something sultry and sexy, cameras caught such stars as Jimmy Kimmel and Draymond Green reacting with a mixture of confusion, humor and horror.
"Literally dying at these reactions. Fergie with the worst rendition ever," wrote one bemused Twitter user.
Added @CoryTowns: "LMAOOOOOOOOO FERGIE SOUND LIKE A BODEGA CAT."
Charles Barkley even joked on TNT that he needed a "cigarette" after witnessing Fergie pay her unique tribute to the country.
But, hey, if Fergie's goal was to make headline, she certainly accomplished that much, right?
The criticism has grown to such an extent, however, that even Roseanne Barr has gone ahead and chimed in on the debacle.
Yes, the same Roseanne Barr who very likely did give us the absolute worst national anthem rendition in the history of the world.
It took place in 1990 right before the first pitch of a San Diego Padres game... it was more off-key than the most nauseating of American Idol auditions... it ended with a crotch grab ... and it even caused President George H.W. Bush to label the entire act as "disgraceful."
Before we get to what Barr said about Fergie, it's worth reliving this trainwreck.
Roseanne Barr National Anthem Fail
Still, despite whatever the heck one would call THIS nonsense, Roseanne happily jumped on board the Fergie hate train last night.
"Who saw Fergie's national anthem performance at the NBA All Star Game?" she Tweeted, adding:
"I think mine was better lowkey."
Barr, of course, is actually bringing her formerly beloved sitcom back to the air in a few weeks, so we understand why she would want to chime in and make herself relevant again here.
It's a form of promotion for the series.
But it's also flat-out ridiculous.
Go ahead and watch that Roseanne performance again.
It's disrespectful and abhorrent.
It's a a blatant attempt to make a mockery out of our country's theme song.
Say what you want about Fergie here, but she was mostly just trying to be different. She was trying to put a unique spin on an old favorite.
She may have wanted all male viewers to feel something rising in their crotches while they listened, but at least she didn't actually grab her crotch and then spit on the ground.
Roseanne really did this after finishing her version of the song.
You can contrast it with other national anthem performances below, but there's no doubt in our minds at all: She loses.
Stars Sing the National Anthem: Who Really Sucked?
Start Gallery
Tags: Fergie, Roseanne Barr, National Anthem Performances
Fergie Biography
Fergie is now just a singular Black Eyed Pea, having branched out into a rather successful solo career. She sings fun tunes and is a fun... More »
Hacienda Heights, California
Stacy Ann Ferguson
Fergie Files to Divorce Josh Duhamel After 15 Years Together
Fergie Apologizes for Disastrous National Anthem
Fergie Photos
Fergie Videos
Fergie Tries to Make the National Anthem Sexy
Fergie Talks Drug Use
Yup, Even Roseanne is Bashing Fergie for Her National Anthem


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Арман Траоре (Armand Traoré) е френски футболист със сенегалски произход, състезаващ се за Ювентус под наем от Арсенал. Играещ като краен ляв бранител или ляво крило, Траоре притежава завидна скорост.

Като юноша преминава през няколко отбора преди да бъде забелязан от скаутите на Арсенал, като е привлечен от "Топчиите" през 2006 г. През сезон 2008/2009 е отдаден под наем на Портсмут. След края на неговия престой в Портсмут се завръща в Арсенал, но не успява да се наложи в представителния отбор. На 31 август 2010 г. преминава под наем в Ювентус за сезон 2010/2011.

Родени през 1989 година
Френски футболисти
Малийски футболисти
Футболисти на Арсенал
Футболисти на Ювентус
Футболисти на ФК Портсмут
Футболисти на КПР
Парижани


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STUDY REDEFINES PLACEBO EFFECT AS PART OF EFFECTIVE TREATMENT
Researchers used the placebo effect to successfully treat psoriasis patients with one quarter to one half of their usual dose of a widely used steroid medication, according to an early study published online in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine. Early results in human patients suggest that the new technique could improve treatment for several chronic diseases that involve mental state or the immune system, including asthma, multiple sclerosis and chronic pain.
By designing treatment regimens that mix active drug and placebo, researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center hope to maximize drug benefits, reduce side effects, increase the number of patients who take their medicine and extend the use of drugs otherwise limited by addiction risk or toxicity. Using a fraction of the usual drug dose to get the same effect could also make possible a dramatic and timely reduction in healthcare costs, according to the authors.
The publication is a product of decades of research in the emerging field of "psychoneuro-immunology," which holds that the ability of the human immune system to fight disease is closely linked with a person's mind. Thoughts and moods are captured in neurochemicals that cause the release of hormones which interact with disease-fighting cells.
The current research team chose psoriasis for their first human experiments because it is chronic, gets worse when patients feel stress and involves the immune system. The condition causes pain and disability in four million Americans as inherited traits and irritants cause the immune system to trigger the too fast production of skin cells, resulting in red, scaly patches of dead skin.
"Our study provides evidence that the placebo effect can make possible the treatment of psoriasis with an amount of drug that should be too small to work," said Robert Ader, Ph.D., M.D. (hc), distinguished university professor in the University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry. "While these results are preliminary, we believe the medical establishment needs to recognize the mind's reaction to medication as a powerful part of many drug effects, and start taking advantage of it," said Ader, professor of Psychiatry and principal investigator of the study. The placebo effect, obviously, cannot help unconscious patients, or replace substances that the body itself is unable to produce, he added. In the absence of functioning islet cells, for example, placebos cannot stimulate the release of insulin in a Type l diabetic.
A description of the current findings requires expanding the definition of placebo effects to include phenomena that are not fully understood by modern medicine, Ader said. Although placebos, "dummy pills" that have no therapeutic effect by themselves, are prescribed by many physicians today, their use still carries a stigma. It's as if the effect of a pill containing no medication is not "real," part magic and part deception.
To accurately define and study the placebo effect, Ader and colleagues chose to frame it as an example of a well established psychological phenomenon: the conditioned response. Nineteenth century Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov was the first to study the phenomenon of conditioning. By ringing a bell (a conditioned stimulus) each day before giving his dogs food (an unconditioned stimulus), Pavlov found that the dogs would eventually salivate (a conditioned response) at the sound of the bell alone.
In the current study, Ader and colleagues sought to determine if a drug's therapeutic effect could be triggered by qualities associated with the drug, like its shape, color, smell and packaging, as well as by its administration by an authority figure in a white lab coat. These repeated associations, Ader argues, create conditioned responses, drug-like therapeutic effects of treatment caused, not by a drug's ingredients alone, but elicited by stimuli associated with the effects of active drug treatment. The results provide the first evidence that conditioned responses might be harnessed to influence the design of drug regimens in humans.
Research teams at the University of Rochester Medical Center and Stanford University conducted an 11 to 14-week, doubleblind, randomized clinical trial in 46 patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis. Patients were on no other medications during the study, and had signed consent forms after being informed they might receive a reduced dose of topical steroid.
At the start of the study, researchers randomly selected two "target" psoriatic lesions or sores on each patient. Twice each day during a three-week baseline period, all patients spread a lotion containing a full dose of steroid medication (0.1% Aristocort A, triamcinolone acetonide) onto one of their two study lesions. The second lesion was coated with a moisturizing cream. Medicated and unmedicated creams were distributed in coded syringes to make them indistinguishable.
Nearly all past drug studies divided patients into two groups only. One would get the full dose of the drug all of the time (a 100 percent reinforcement schedule). The other would get zero drug all of the time (zero percent reinforcement). The current study asks for the first time: what if we treat patients with something in between drug and placebo? After the three-week baseline period, patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups.
The first continued to receive 100 percent of the treatment drug at each administration for the rest of the study on his or her study lesion. A second, the partial reinforcement group, also continued to receive a full dose, but only 25 or 50 percent of the time, and a steroid-free emollient the rest of the time. The study was designed so that this second group could benefit from exposure to cues they had previously associated with active drug treatment (a conditioned therapeutic effect). A third group, the "dose control group," received active drug at every administration, but at 25 or 50 percent of the full dose used in the first and second groups. Thus, the partial reinforcement and "dose control" groups received the same total amount of active medication, but in different patterns.
Results were measured in two ways. First, a "blinded" dermatologist measured the severity of a patient's psoriasis lesions weekly using the Psoriasis Severity Scale (PSS), a standard tool used to track the redness, hardening and thickening of skin. The second measure was whether a patient experienced a "relapse" in lesion severity, defined arbitrarily as a return to a PSS score within two units of a patient's initial score.
In terms of the overall PSS severity scores, results were mixed. The Stanford study site found no group differences in PSS scores that could be attributed to the different treatment regimens. Ader believes that elevated baseline PSS scores in the randomly selected Dose Control subjects at Stanford might have obscured the differences between the dose control and partial reinforcement groups. For instance, results could have been influenced by differences in the amount of sun patients were exposed to in Upstate New York and California (ultraviolet light is an established treatment for psoriasis).
In Rochester, there were no differences between the PSS values of the Partial Reinforcement and Dose Control groups at the point in the study where experimental treatment began. In this case, partial reinforcement brought about a greater reduction in lesion severity during the experimental period than continuous reinforcement (dose control) with the same cumulative amount of drug.
The relapse results were clearer. Four of 18 patients (22.2 percent) in the 100 percent reinforcement group (full dose all the time) relapsed within the eight-week experimental period. Among patients treated with a full dose of drug, but one half or one quarter of the time (50 or 25 percent reinforcement schedule), four of 15 patients (26.7 percent) relapsed. Thus, the incidence of relapse did not differ substantially between patients receiving a full dose of drug all the time and those treated under the partial reinforcement schedules, researchers said. In contrast, eight of the 13 patients (61.5 percent) in the dose control group who received active drug each time, but not the full does, relapsed in the same period of time.
Thus, the incidence of relapse in the partial reinforcement group (26.7 percent) was significantly less than in dose control patients (61.5 percent) that received the same cumulative amount of drug. Further studies are underway, and others are planned, to confirm the effect, answer the questions raised and explore the effect in other autoimmune diseases.
(Photo: URMC)
SEEING WITHOUT LOOKING
LADDER-WALKING LOCUSTS SHOW BIG BRAINS AREN'T ALWA...
NEW TOOL IN THE FIGHT AGAINST MOSQUITO-BORNE DISEA...
VITAMIN D AND WEIGHT LOSS
STUDY REDEFINES PLACEBO EFFECT AS PART OF EFFECTIV...
COULD ACETAMINOPHEN EASE PSYCHOLOGICAL PAIN?


When I first visited Dr. Mancini's office, I read many of the success stories written by various patients. I remember hoping that I too would have a postitive story to tell as I worked with Dr. Mancini, and I do.
I started off with a little skepticism but I was determined to be open minded and work the program the best I could. I was consistent with my treatment and little by little I began to notice positive improvements. I started sleeping a more sound, restful sleep, feeling pretty good when waking up in the morning. Instead of feeling fatigued during the day, I noticed I feel more energetic… even my mood seemed lifted (not as low as usual).
My major complaint of knee pain actually has improved. I can't believe I am now able to go to kickboxing class and enjoy it without suffering, swelling and pain afterward. All and all, I am feeling pretty good right now!!


Meet: outside St Martin-in-the Bull Ring, Edgbaston St B5 5BB.
An urban art walk In search of surreal ghosts and lost cultural grandeur will explore the ever changing artistic chameleon of central Birmingham to tell forgotten tales of the city's artists and find traces of their art and sculpture. We will search for the Bull that once was the symbol of Birmingham - pinpoint the plinth where a purple King Kong outraged civic pride in the 1970s - locate the Kardomah Café, creative home to the Birmingham Surrealist Group - detour to the Georgian streets and birthplace of Sir Edward Burne-Jones and view his stained windows at St Phillips Cathedral - visit Victoria Square, and the vanished fountain of Dhruva Mistry - discover the sculptural quarter of Centenary Square, and the site of Raymond Mason's Forward from 1991 until destroyed in 2003 - to reflect on the spirits past of Birmingham's glyptotheque, existing now as echoes in a story or gone up in smoke, and pay homage to Gillian Wearing's A Real Birmingham Family 2014.
Supported by a research grant from the Henry Moore Foundation.
Darryl Georgiou is an interdisciplinary artist, whose research and practice explores the psychogeography of the city and how places feel, approaching the subject of historical memory in an attempt to represent the past in art. Jeremy Hunt is a writer on art and public space, art and fiction, art and walking, presented via poetry, publications, web media, films, exhibitions and events.
Please wear footwear suitable for urban walking.


Nostalgia is a funny thing. On one hand, it's a powerful force that helps you remember and hold onto your childhood and adds a nice rose color to the past. It even sometimes helps you gloss over the flaws of something you loved and allows you to continue loving it as an adult. But sometimes even nostalgia isn't enough to smooth over the rough edges of something you loved in the past. Sometimes too much time has passed and the way we create and consume content has changed too much for something you used to love to still be relevant today. And Full Throttle Remastered fall squarely into the second camp.
Full Throttle was originally released in 1995 by LucasArts, coming on the heels of adventure game classics Day of the Tentacle and Sam and Max Hit the Road. Designed by legendary game designer Tim Schafer and written by Schafer and Monkey Island writer Dave Grossman, Full Throttle puts you in the role of Ben, leader of a motorcycle gang called the Polecats. When the Polecats are framed for the murder of Malcolm Corley, CEO of Corley Motors (the last motorcycle manufacturer in the alternate universe that Full Throttle is set in), it's up to Ben to clear his gang, bring the actual murderer to justice and save Corley Motors.
I remember loving this point and click adventure game when it was first released. I worked at Software Etc. at the time and probably borrowed it using their very liberal game check out policy. I vividly recall the terrific graphics, the incredible voice acting, catchy music and the compelling story. I recommended it to everyone that came in looking for a new game to play and I must have been one of many sales people that made that recommendation because the game went on to sell over a million copies.
So when I heard that Doublefine, the company that Tim Schafer went on to found after leaving LucasArts, was going to be doing a remastered version of Full Throttle I was very excited. I wanted to dive back in and experience Full Throttle again, but without having to deal with the graphics of a 22-year-old adventure game that may not have aged perfectly. And on that front, the new game looks terrific. It has been redone with almost a painterly aesthetic that really works within the game world.
The voice acting was always top notch, featuring fantastic voice actors Roy Conrad, Mark Hamill, Kath Soucie and even a couple of bit parts by Maurice Lamarche, which has obviously been remastered along with the graphics to be clear and crisp. The music is also incredible. A majority of it is performed by The Gone Jackals, an actual rock band out of California which was a rarity in 1995. My favorite song Chitlins, Whiskey & Skirt is still running through my head on repeat. The remastered audio sounds fantastic and fits perfectly into the game, rocking when required and fitting perfectly into the background when appropriate.
Where things start to go wrong is with the gameplay. To be completely honest, Full Throttle would have been far better off if it could have launched a month before Thimbleweed Park and not almost three weeks after. Thimbleweed Park managed to nail the feeling and nostalgia of a 90's adventure game without making it play like a 90's adventure game. Full Throttle Remastered on the other hand is the exact opposite. It doesn't look like a 90's adventure game, but unfortunately, it plays like one.
What that means is you are going to spend a lot of time walking awkwardly across screens, while the very basic pathfinding algorithms present in the original game tries to get you to the point you clicked on. Puzzles are going to be difficult to the point of being completely obtuse (I honestly don't know if I could have beaten the game without a guide.) Sometimes when you can't solve a puzzle correctly, the entire thing resets and you have to start over from scratch, often more than once. And finally, there are entire sections of the game that are just terrible to play, partly because of their design and partly because the controls are just bad.
Overall, Full Throttle Remastered is exactly what it is - a bit of nostalgia pulled out of its own time, given a fresh coat of paint and dropped into a completely different place. Unfortunately, gameplay has evolved so rapidly in the last decade that sometimes a 10-year-old game feels out of place, let alone a 22-year-old game. That being said, the Remastered tagline really is true, the game looks and sounds terrific and if your rose colored glasses are a bit darker than mine, maybe you'll enjoy it. But I'd recommend waiting for it to go on sale.
I remembered liking Full Throttle a lot more than I actually liked it while I was playing. The remaster is gorgeous, but the gameplay is stuck in the 90s. Double Fine's games go on sale all the time though, pick this one up when they do.


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The Villainess That Was Once A VRMMO player - Chapter 42.2
The Villainess That Was Once A VRMMO player
"Why are you going?"
I am at a loss for words myself. The nobles in this country were corrupt anyway, so it would be useless for him to be serious about it.
Moreover, he was in a vulnerable position and was even under threat of assassination, so I didn't think he could afford to make more enemies by going out of his way to expose the evil of the nobility, you know?
I wanted to say something like that, but I was exhausted from talking too much.
When I suddenly said such a thing in the carriage, Camille-sama, who had guessed what I meant after a few seconds of silence, quietly answered me.
"I can only hope my brother will be relieved by the extent to which I have behaved myself. That man is paranoid. More than that, as long as I live, the queen will not be at ease. So, I need to be vulnerable in order to live… Are you disappointed? "
I didn't have high hopes from the nobility in this country in the first place.
But thank goodness. I wondered what I would do if he said he wanted to make this country a better place, with a flimsy sense of justice. But Camille-sama was pretty blunt.
Two hours after leaving Arceides' castle. We dropped Maia and the other non-combatants off at a town along the way, and when we started to feel strong magical energy as if we were approaching the Devil's Forest, I sensed something like a murderous aura around us, perhaps due to my elven sense of smell or due to the benefit of my player character.
"We're surrounded. Twenty to thirty."
Camille-sama and Nicholas, the butler, turned to face me when I said this.
"How well can you tell? Is it a demon or…?"
"Probably humans."
The magic power was too low for it to be a demon. If it were such a weak demon, I doubt it would try to attack a carriage with 10 or so escorting knights.
Oh, but a goblin or something would most likely be stupid enough to attack.
"Stop the carriage. Prepare to intercept. They came in the most direct way, didn't they?"
"I thought that they might prepare a suitable knight squad to make a mess, but Camille-sama seems to have agitated Count Arceides a bit too much."
"I'm just a bit surprised that he made fun of my fiancée, you know."
I wonder how serious he is…?
Camille-sama probably didn't want to marry me, and I was still wary of him being a nobleman of this country, but I think we were close enough to talk casually.
[A demon is aiming for us!]
I heard a voice from outside that sounded like the Arceides' guide. But, he was speaking in a very hushed tone, wasn't he? There were no TV dramas broadcasted here, unlike on Earth, so I guess acting performances were only seen a few times a year, but it was too predictable.
Camille-sama gave me a questioning look when I got off the carriage after the two.
"You should stay in the carriage. Even if you can use magic, the danger is…"
"[Ice Lance]"
I unleashed [Ice Lance], which shot through the guide who was trying to sneak away.
"They're about to appear. It's the Dark Knights division."
As if my magic was a signal, knights in black armor appeared from the forest.
They were a unit specializing in counterintelligence from the Arceides territory, who had attacked me many times before when I was a Witch. At one point, they were on the verge of extinction, but it would appear that their numbers have increased again since then.
"How does the young lady know about the dark side? "
"Nn~? "
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Also check out my other novels: Villainess Wants To Turn Over A New Leaf, The Villainess Is Changing Her Role To A BroCon, I Help the Richest Man Spend Money To Prevent Disasters and The Legitimate Daughter Doesn't Care!
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Comments for chapter "Chapter 42.2"


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Catch up on the headlines surrounding the Wyoming SBDC Network and issues important to Wyoming entrepreneurs and small business owners.
View Success Stories | View Latest Biz Tips
Nationally Recognized Digital Marketing Expert to Hold Training for Wyoming Entrepreneurs
LARAMIE- One of the leading digital marketing experts in the nation will soon be offering advice to Wyoming entrepreneurs about the latest online search engine trends. Eric Spellman will explain the value of the coveted Google Answer Box and what your small business...
Wyoming SBDC Network Welcomes New Associate State Director
The Wyoming Small Business Development Center (SBDC) Network welcomes Paul Johnson as Associate State Director to continue the organization's mission of helping small businesses succeed. Johnson will assist State Director Jill Kline in administering all aspects of the...
Wyoming SBDC Network Staff Recognized for Community Service
Susan Jerke Honored for Community Engagement in Five-County Region Susan Jerke is the University of Wyoming's Marvin Millgate Engaged Staff Award recipient for her work as a regional director of the Wyoming Small Business Development Center (SBDC) Network. The Wyoming...
SBA Announces Annual Small Business Awards Winners
CASPER, WY – The U.S. Small Business Administration's (SBA) Wyoming District Office has announced the winners of four awards to be presented during National Small Business Week. The awards and winners are: 2019 Wyoming Small Business Person of the Year: Ryan Gregory,...
Governor Signs SBDC Day Proclamation
Gov. Mark Gordon signed a proclamation designating March 20, 2019 as Small Business Development Center (SBDC) Day in Wyoming. On Wednesday, Wyoming entrepreneurs will join thousands across the country in sharing their success stories. SBDC Day also recognizes the...
UW Survey: Economy Remains Major Concern in State
Wyoming's economy has improved over the past year, but the economy remains a major concern of Wyomingites, according to new results from a statewide poll conducted last fall. Asked about what the most pressing problems were facing the state, nearly one-third cited...


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Black Caucus Membership
2023 Black History Program
Coronavirus Agencies
News Outlets
Restoration of Civil Rights
Scholarships-Grants
Gala2023Chevron
Kershaw-Cherry
2023 Sine-Die Celebration
Hurricane Relief Support
The FLBC is organized for the exclusive purpose of advocacy in support of, or opposition to, issues relative to ballot initiatives, education, healthcare, economic development and social welfare, as well as the promotion of the common good and general welfare of African Americans, and the various people of the State of Florida.
To accomplish this purpose, the FLBC has as its specific goals:
(1) To bring together various segments of the community in an effort to inform the public of the need for governmental action to help solve Florida's education, healthcare, economic, and social problems.
(2) To issue public statements and to give testimony before legislative bodies urging the support of or opposition of ballot initiatives as well as passage of legislation impacting the State of Florida.
(3) To solicit the support of other members of the legislature for legislative proposals initiated or supported by the FLBC.
(4) To monitor the proper administration of existing laws.


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El bescuit Gioconda és una pasta de bescuit empanada pròxima a la genovesa al bescuit de Savoia. És format per ametlles en pols i clares d'ou, farina, sucre i mantega. Té un gruix de 3 a . La seva textura és suau i airejada. El bescuit, sucat amb xarop o crema de la llet, es es desfà. Això fa que sigui essencial en l'elaboració de moltes pastisseries. S'utilitza com a base per a darreries, per a la Bûche de Noël, opéras, però també per a revestir motlles metàl·lics o cilíndrics sense fons. Es pot decorar amb motius abans de coure amb un aparell per a cigarrets: pintes, rodets, bosses, colorant o xocolata.

Notes i referències

Postres


Ever wondered ... Ever wondered what it would take to write a book, travel the world, or start your own company? These would all be considered dreams for some, and daily activities for others. Millennials are considered the next leaders of the world. But how do millennials become those leaders? What is necessary for this generation to find their roles and dreams in life? Well ... Welcome to the wonderful ramblings of a millennial high on life. The goal of this book is to help you pursue your (to be decided) epic life goals. Hopefully this book can give you a leg up from others towards achieving the impossible and living an amazing life. This book is organized into four parts: attitude, personality, vision, and realization. They dive into the most crucial aspects of living a purposeful life. The goal is to show you the right insights and experiences so you can get started.


Let's take a short tour through the Multi-ride mode in routes and workouts. This mode enables you to connect up to three more riders into the same computer to ride the virtual route together. To be able to use this functionality, you will need a Premium subscription, corresponding units trainer and, of course, enthusiastic cycling friends!
Multi-ride mode is available for Rouvy Desktop version only.
First, select your favorite route. The application will lead you to a pre-training screen, where you'll be able to connect your friends (see image No. 1).
New "Saved User"(already logged in in the past) will appear. The "Saved User" list will be empty for the first time. Then, check the right side of the dialog and let your friends login via their Rouvy usernames (see Image No. 2). You could also edit the list of "Saved User" and add new users or delete the list of saved users, etc.
You can also connect up to 3 riders for your shared training session. You could choose one display for all riders or you could connect multiple displays (monitors)(see Image No. 3).
Please make sure that your cycling friends use the same bike setting as they use for their own rides and, then, connect the trainers and sensors (see Image No. 4).
The process is mostly the same if you would like to set up your MR for your Workouts in the pre-training screen. The only difference is in the display settings.