Road construction is the act of designing, building and maintaining pavements and upper layers of transportation routes. Road pavements can be made of unbound materials such as soil and gravel, though commonly roads are surfaced with asphalt or concrete.
geometrical road design: design of the line management of the road, including environmental issues.
Besides the technical sides of the design, planning and juridical issues must be considered.
The construction of a road usually starts with the preparation of the construction area in order to build up the pavement. Removal of earth and rock by digging or blasting, construction of embankments, bridges and tunnels, and removal of vegetation are often needed. A variety of road building equipment is employed in road building.
Once these activities are completed, the construction of the road bed begins by compaction of the native soil, known as the subgrade. Weak soils may be stabilized with additives such as portland cement or quicklime, the use of geotextiles, or dug out and replaced with imported soils.
Once the subgrade is prepared, a base course consisting of gravel or crushed stone is usually placed on the subgrade and compacted. High-traffic-volume roads will often have multiple layers of base courses, to reduce expense or increase performance. Depending on the road type, different kinds of layers are build on top of the base course, e.g. asphalt concrete or portland cement concrete. Unbound materials such as soil or gravel are put on low-stressed roads such as farm tracks and country lanes. Roads made of asphalt or concrete provide a smooth and high-friction surface and strengthen the pavement structure by spreading out the vehicle loads applied to the subgrade and are therefore used for high-stressed roads.
Like all structures, roads wear out over time. This effect is primarily due to accumulated damage from vehicles, however environmental effects such as frost heaves, thermal cracking and oxidation often contribute. According to a series of experiments carried out in the late 1950s, called the AASHO Road Test, it was empirically determined that the effective damage done to the road is roughly proportional to the 4th power of axle weight. Therefore, trucks are considered to be the main cause of pavement deterioration, as they have individual axle loading between 5 and 9 times that of most passenger cars.
Maintenance of a road can be divided in several types, from fixing small failures to a complete reconstruction of the road. Usually, road building equipment is used to replace the top material layers and to rebuild them.
This page was last modified 05:43, 6 February 2009.


SAISD has released the following statement regarding reports of a threatening post in social media involving clowns and Lake View High School today.
The Texas Association of School Administrators (TASA) has named Central High School's Deborah Campbell as the 2017 State Secondary Teacher of Year.
For the 14th year in a row, the San Angelo Independent School District has received a Superior Achievement ranking on the Financial Integrity Rating System of Texas (FIRST) receiving a perfect score on the rating criteria.
In an effort to assist students to begin the process of seeking financial aid, San Angelo ISD has teamed up with the San Angelo Chamber of Commerce, the P-16+ Education Partnership, and other community educators to host College Week.
The San Angelo Schools Foundation is celebrating 30 years of supporting the teachers and students of the San Angelo Independent School District.
Lake View High School seniors Manuel Rodriguez and Erin Valdez have been named National Hispanic Scholars in the 2016-2017 College Board National Hispanic Recognition Program (NHRP).
The DESK organization has presented SAISD with funds for the 2016-2017 school year in the amount of $59,048.73 to assist SAISD students in obtaining school supplies.
SAISD will offer Princeton Review student training sessions for the SAT and ACT exams at a reduced rate during the fall semester.
Central High School teacher Deborah Campbell was named by the Texas Association of School Administrators as one of 3 finalists for the 2017 Texas Secondary Teacher of the Year.
This summer, San Angelo ISD teachers had several professional development opportunities provided by the district including Learning Palooza and the new Engage technology conference.


Free standard shipping within Australia | For U.S. customers, find us on Amazon.
This recipe is composed of two parts. The first one is for the shortbread cookies that you will use as the sandwich. And the second one is for the actual matcha ice cream. These shortbread cookies can go well with any flavour so you can try it with other ice cream flavours if you want. Let me introduce to you my rosemary and calamansi (Filipino lime) shortbread cookies recipe.
Preheat oven to 120 degrees Celsius. In a large bowl, mix coconut flour, icing sugar, sea salt and cornstarch.
Add olive oil, coconut oil, calamansi juice and vanilla extract into the mixture and use your fingertips to combine the ingredients until it resembles fine breadcrumbs.
Add the chopped rosemary and fold in the mixture until well-combined.
Roll the dough onto a sheet until 1cm thick. Use a cookie cutter to cut out the cookies from the dough and line on a baking tray.
Bake for 20-30 minutes or until golden brown when the wonderful aroma of Calamansi and rosemary will start filling up your kitchen.
Let cool before using as a sandwich for the nana ice cream.
Put the frozen banana coins into a food processor. Pulse until it forms a creamy consistency. It should have the same texture as ice cream.
Put in the maple syrup, matcha powder and sea salt and blend altogether.
Remove from the food processor, place into a container, and freeze if you want to serve it later on. Otherwise, get a scoop and put in between two cooled shortbread cookies and serve. Feel free to mix with cacao powder and cacao nibs.
For general inquiries or collaborations, send us an email at hello@ninabernice.com.


text:
"Sea eagle" anti-battleship "Iowa"
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weapons/
Body atomic "Eagles" only 8% shorter than the "Iowa". Despite double the difference in displacement, the two giants are almost identical in size. "Iowa" wider in the midsection (33 m), however, its body tapers sharply towards the extremities; the fast battleship lines resemble the shape of "Bottle". In contrast, the width of the nuclear cruiser is unchanged (28 m) almost the entire length of the housing.
Huge difference in displacement is dictated by only three additional feet of precipitation. At full displacement hull "iowa" settled into the water at 11 m. The total displacement of the "eagle" corresponds to a draught of 8 meters. Found in sources the figure of 10. 3 m includes "teardrop" projection of the sonar and the question doesn't make much difference.
The main mystery of this story is not how deep the ship settles with increasing displacement. Atomic supercruiser ave 1144 does not need to have the displacement that he has. If "eagle" were built on the basis of the case "iowa" (because the identical, only less rain), it would have made a smaller and lighter by several thousand tons. In other words.
Hypothetically. If case "iowa" was built on technologies of the late twentieth century, and a mass-dimensional layouts of machines and mechanisms "eagle", no 26 thousand tons of close wouldn't work. The paradox of the ship of the line was very heavy, his weight resting was 59 000 tonnes. This is not surprising.
First, he carried the armor shell. Citadel "iowa" had a length of 140 meters. Imagine a football field, framed with 8-foot walls of 30-cm steel. On top of it was still covered with a "cap" thickness of 22 cm (this is the total thickness of braunepaul battleship).
Plus, there was a continuation of the citadel in the stern, traverse bulkheads, barbettes towers, sirsasana cutting and other masterpieces of the fortification. In total, all booking pulled almost 20 thousand tons (300 railway cars with metal)! the artillery ammunition — 6. 2 thousand tons. Two echelons of the power plant, the 12 turbo and diesel generators battleship — 5 thousand tons. Full supply of fuel — more than 8 thousand tons.
Equipment and systems — 800 tons. Protected post fire control mk. 37 radar weighed 16 tons. Each of the "you" was equipped with four such posts. All on board battleships there were over 10 radars for various purposes.
Not counting stations of electronic intelligence and systems identification "friend or foe" a few thousand tons were spent on the accommodation of the crew of 2800 people and various supplies (food, oil, supply of water for boilers, etc. ). The "dry residue" about 16 thousand tons — hull battleship. Why's it so heavy? well, first, it is big. Secondly, the case of "iowa" would be a little like a "tin" of modern ships.
His plating was so thick (from 16 mm to 37 mm in the area of kvl), which was mistakenly taken for armor. For comparison: the missile cruiser, built at the end of the twentieth century have an outer covering with a thickness of only 8-10 mm. And the thickness of their deck flooring, usually even less. Internal, is considered unarmored, walls had a thickness of 16 mm and were made of steel grade sts close in quality homogeneous armor.
No inserts of aluminium and light alloys in the superstructure. Everywhere, on all sides, only the cold glitter of steel. The power range of the battleship was designed for the installation of a powerful (and heavy) armor plates. That had an immediate effect on the mass and strength of the frames.
As a result, the building of modern cruisers, identical to the dimensions of the "iowa" should be easier and clearly weigh less than 16 tons. How much? data for "white" are missing. We modestly reduce this figure by 12% (2000 tonnes). 14 thousand tons.
Such seems the weight of the hull structures of nuclear "eagle". At least this would get housing of a similar size and "iowa" in all these circumstances. The smaller the thickness of the outer plating and bulkheads (at least 2 times), the lower 20 m length, the smaller size of the underwater part (due to less precipitation). The total displacement of the "eagle" — about 26 thousand tons.
26 — 14 = 12. What was spent 12 thousand tons of payload? there is no armor. What is sometimes called "local booking" (protection of reactors and launchers of "granit") is a tiny part, is not able to affect the outcome. 200-300 tons by mass is less than 1% displacement charkra, within the statistical error.
The main armament of the "eagle": 20 anti-ship missiles "granit" (the starting weight of 7 tons). 96 anti-aircraft s-300 missiles (launch mass of about 2 tons). Total — 300 tons. For comparison, the mass of weapons and ammunition, "iowa" was 20 times more (6200 tons).
You carefully counted the remaining of the combat system ("dirks", sam "dagger" etc. ), but it's close will not cover the 20-fold difference in the mass of arms charkra and battleship. Starting weight of missiles "dagger" (165 kg) equivalent mass just four shots universal pyatidyuymovki (20-gun battery on board the battleship released on the enemy thousands of such shells). Mass launchers are insignificant against the background of the 16' guns, where each gun weighed 100 tons (of course, without the breech ring, cradle, drive and guidance mechanisms for feeding ammunition). By the way.
Modern launchers are located below deck at the time, as towers and guns of the battleship were located over. It is easy to imagine how this reduces the upper weight and the need for compensating ballast. At least, if indeed the missile silos were located below towers. All too obvious.
Even if we accept that each shaft with the auxiliary fixture has a three times greater mass than the rocket (transcendent meaning), it is unlikely that the mass of all the arms and ammunition of the "eagle" will reach two million tons. For example. American ohr mk. 41 — 61-mine launcher, together with a folding loading lift, valves (e. Cables, water-cooled, high pressure air) and all the control panels weighs: empty — 117 tons, with missiles (missiles and "tomahawk") — 230 tons.
Unlike battleships era of wwii, where allocated under a weapons article loads exceed 10% of the total tonnage of the ship, the missile cruiser will hardly be in the range of 5-7%. The power plant here you can cry or laugh, but the steam boilers and turbines decrepit battleship provided almost twice the power than nuclear reactors "eagle". The fast battleships of the era of wwii had on the shafts 254 thousand hp, while the nuclear cruiser "only" 140 thousand as stated above, two-tier powerplant along with a stock of oil, which provided the battleship range 15 thousand miles, weighed about 13 tons. Not even figuring in nuclear technology and believing in the reactor splits carbon dioxide iodine, we can definitely say that the reactor was not heated with fuel oil.
Hence minus 8000 tons. Mechanisms powerplant battleship (with full fluids) weighed 5 tons. Power turbines of the "eagle" is almost half. With only two turbines (gtsa) — instead of four "iowa".
At the same time reduced the number of shafts and propellers. Don't forget about the 40-year age difference ships. If the specific power mechanisms (kg/hp) are the same, so all of this time, technological advances were at the same place. Instead of eight steam boilers two water-moderated reactor ok-650, similar to those installed on modest in size multi-purpose submarines.
Radiation protection weighs not so much as imagine in sci-fi movies. Someone will remember about back boilers for fuel oil (1000 miles at a speed of 17 kts. ). In this calculation can be neglected. Neither by his power nor by weight, nor by fuel (15 times less than the "iowa") they mean nothing on the background of the main power plants of ships.
The article loads, "iowa", reserved for the powerplant and fuel accounted for 22% of the to a battleship. The "eagle" (including all factors) it should be much less. Fuel no. Once it's been 40 years and the capacity of the eu mechanisms has been halved, they are easier twice (logical, right?).
2500-3000 tons, or 10-12% of the total in/and cruisers. What is the result? estimating the approximate weight of all arms, ammunition, and mechanisms of the power plant "eagle", we are still treading water in the range of 5 thousand tons. What was spent the remaining 7 thousand? you will indicate on electronics and radar. But what is heavy must be the electronics, even being protected to military standards? forbidding to be attributed to her 100 missing freight cars (7000 t).
It's crazy. We know that anti-aircraft missile system with-300, together with pu, the command post and the radar is placed just on several mobile chassis. It would be strange if its naval version s-300fm demanded for its operation some of the incredible "machinery" and other nonsense, which often occurs in discussions about naval weapons. By the way, about themselves and poo missiles do not worry about it for them was already allocated a significant load in the section "service".
The crew was reduced 4. 5-fold (600 instead of 2800 sailors). Between the ships had been laid the technological gap in 40 years. Every nail, generator, or motor weigh lighter than on the old battleship. By the way, in the structure of mechanisms, "iowa" was used 900 motor, its mains were no less complex than modern charkra.
No matter how much we tried to explain the paradox, the heavy nuclear cruiser turns lighter by several thousand tons. At least this could get the vehicle that corresponds to the dimensions of "iowa" with all these changes in articles of the load. Nevertheless, the explanation is. Please note on the picture.
Unfortunately, history has not been the case when the battleship "eagle" was moored opposite each other. But if it happened, you would all see with the naked eye. Aboard the nuclear giant rises from the water at 11 metres. The stem is even higher, where the height of 16 meters (a five-story building).
From there it is difficult to jump into the water, while avoiding injury. Have deep set.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Assalam Alaikum, After the successful formation of the "National Advisory Council" based on one lakh members of Social Parliament with the commendable support from across the country, the task of seeking Opinion" has started. But the results are not as expected. So, we have decided to replace the members who fail to actively participate in the project and instead add members who are active. We hope this would give better results.
As such the previous project is basically complete. So, with the blessings and guidance of our active members, we have decided to launch a unique Bait-ul-Maal "Rahat Foundation of India" (An organ of the regd. Trust). The basic reason for taking this step is that according to news reports, around one lakh crore rupees per annum is spent on welfare and charity in the form of Zakat in the Muslim community yet the task of 'chanda' or donation collection goes on all the year round in various institutions. But where does the money go? Why don't we see any positive development?
Since Zakat is obligatory on those who are eligible to pay, it is our responsibility as a Muslim to make sure that it is used in the best possible way. It is not merely sufficient to pay Zakat but to guarantee that the money reaches the right person who deserves it is also part of it. This is what Social Parliament aims to do with the help of its one lakh members spread all across the country.
WHY IS RAHAT FOUNDATION THE BEST OPTION?
The details about the monetary donations made to the foundation as well as the name and address of the donor will be available on aapkiawaz.com along with the details of the reason why and on whom the money was spent along with their phone number and address. This is something no other organization or foundation does.
2. The money will only be spent as per the advice, help, reference and recommendation of Social Parliament members. It will help curbing monopoly and corruption .
3. It will also reduce fraud and misuse of charity funds.
4. It will considerably bring down the current commission rate of 60-80% ultimately leading to full utilization of the funds to help the needy.
5. The amount handed out to the unemployed and the needy is a kind of loan as it is preferable for them to find a respectable way to earn a living rather than just beg for money.
6. The contribution amount can be at least @ Re.1 per day also may be members of national advisory council of social parliament.
The foundation will accept money only from people referred by members of Social Parliament.
Any concession offered in any of the institutes of the foundation will be provided only on the recommendation of social parliament members to protect the organization from fraudsters and malicious elements.
Aapkiawaz reserves the right to form or change the rules as and when required as also to terminate the membership of any members. The decision will be final. 10. Any member who contributes an amount can submit a proposal only for double that amount or seek concession. 11. The foundation will have no representative for collecting funds. As soon as any contribution is made both the donor and the mediator will be informed. All responsibility at the time of the contribution will be on the donor.
For more information give a missed call on 9213344558 (Matloob) or Visit at Aapkiawaz.com Plz Contribute Amount/bank interest etc: Rahat Foundation of India..SBI Zakir Nagar Branch, New Delhi. Account No.32833959520, IFSC: SBIN0008079, CIF No.86621167057.- Thank you। Plz "Like ✔ Comment ✔ Tag ✔ Share.
राहत फाउंडेशन मुल्क में सबसे बेहतर इदारा क्यु है?
अधिक जानकारी के लिए 9213344558 (Matloob) पर मिस्डकाल दीजियें या Visit at Aapkiawaz.com Plz Contribute Amount/bank interest etc: Rahat Foundation of India..SBI Zakir Nagar Branch, New Delhi. Account No.32833959520, IFSC: SBIN0008079, CIF No.86621167057.- शुक्रिया। Plz "Like ✔ Comment ✔ Tag ✔ Share.
RAHAT FOUNDATION OF INDIA (Baitul-Mall) (An organ of Regd. Trust)- One of the most important obligation in Islam. It is first of it kind which will be 100% transparent and will function democratically by disclosing complete details on website. According to reliable sources approximately Rs.40,000 Crores from India is collected in Zakat only and if foreign contribution is also included it will reach up to Rs.1 Lakhs crores per annum. Secondly, normally 60-80% commission goes to collection agents and around 40-60% are fake collectors. In such case RAFI can be a very reliable source for contributors.


text:
// Copyright 2018 The Bazel Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
package com.google.devtools.build.execlog;

import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;

import com.google.devtools.build.lib.exec.Protos.SpawnExec;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;

/** Testing ExecLogParser */
@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
public final class ExecLogParserTest {

  private InputStream toInputStream(List<SpawnExec> list) throws Exception {
    ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    for (SpawnExec spawnExec : list) {
      spawnExec.writeDelimitedTo(bos);
    }

    return new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextEmpty() throws Exception {
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(new ArrayList<SpawnExec>()), null);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextEmptyWithRunner() throws Exception {
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(new ArrayList<SpawnExec>()), "local");
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextSingleSpawn() throws Exception {
    SpawnExec e = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("runs").addCommandArgs("command").build();
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(Arrays.asList(e)), null);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextSingleSpawnRunnerMatch() throws Exception {
    SpawnExec e = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("runs").addCommandArgs("command").build();
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(Arrays.asList(e)), "runs");
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextSingleSpawnRunnerNoMatch() throws Exception {
    SpawnExec e = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("runs").addCommandArgs("command").build();
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(Arrays.asList(e)), "run");
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextManyMatches() throws Exception {
    SpawnExec e = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com1").build();
    SpawnExec e2 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("r").addCommandArgs("com2").build();
    SpawnExec e3 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com3").build();
    SpawnExec e4 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com4").build();
    SpawnExec e5 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("ru").addCommandArgs("com5").build();
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(Arrays.asList(e, e2, e3, e4, e5)), "run1");
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e3);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e4);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextManyMatches1() throws Exception {
    SpawnExec e = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com1").build();
    SpawnExec e2 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("r").addCommandArgs("com2").build();
    SpawnExec e3 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com3").build();
    SpawnExec e4 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com4").build();
    SpawnExec e5 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("ru").addCommandArgs("com5").build();
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(Arrays.asList(e, e2, e3, e4, e5)), "r");
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e2);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextManyMatches2() throws Exception {
    SpawnExec e = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com1").build();
    SpawnExec e2 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("r").addCommandArgs("com2").build();
    SpawnExec e3 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com3").build();
    SpawnExec e4 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com4").build();
    SpawnExec e5 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("ru").addCommandArgs("com5").build();
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(Arrays.asList(e, e2, e3, e4, e5)), "ru");
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e5);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextManyButNoMatch() throws Exception {
    SpawnExec e = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com1").build();
    SpawnExec e2 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("r").addCommandArgs("com2").build();
    SpawnExec e3 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com3").build();
    SpawnExec e4 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com4").build();
    SpawnExec e5 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("ru").addCommandArgs("com5").build();
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(Arrays.asList(e, e2, e3, e4, e5)), "none");
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }

  @Test
  public void getNextManyNoMatcher() throws Exception {
    SpawnExec e = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com1").build();
    SpawnExec e2 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("r").addCommandArgs("com2").build();
    SpawnExec e3 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com3").build();
    SpawnExec e4 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("run1").addCommandArgs("com4").build();
    SpawnExec e5 = SpawnExec.newBuilder().setRunner("ru").addCommandArgs("com5").build();
    ExecLogParser p = new ExecLogParser(toInputStream(Arrays.asList(e, e2, e3, e4, e5)), null);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e2);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e3);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e4);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isEqualTo(e5);
    assertThat(p.getNext()).isNull();
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Spring has sprung, the sap is flowing, bring your family out to celebrate the season at Stratford! Start the day with a farm fresh breakfast of home-made whole wheat pancakes, Stratford sausage and local maple syrup. Then enjoy a hike along the creek to the sugar shack learning all about the sugaring process. Don't forget to visit the farm animals. There may be a new lamb in the barn!
$10/adult and $5/child. Advanced Registration required.


text:
Rinse. Repeat.
Hillary Clinton's Media Demons Return To Haunt Her—Loudly
As her testy appearance at the UN showed, the familiar, defensive Clinton war-footing with the media is back. Could it harm her possible presidential campaign?
Updated 04.14.17 11:53AM ET / Published 03.10.15 7:25PM ET
Victor J. Blue/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Whether or not Hillary Clinton managed to persuade ordinary voters with her "Email-gate" press conference at the United Nations on Tuesday—assuming ordinary voters even cared—she did nothing to de-escalate a decades-long war with the news media that has been waged, with varying degrees of intensity, since she was first lady of Arkansas and her husband Bill was governor.
"There has been a pattern of good and bad behavior going back to the mid-1980s," said National Journal editorial director Ron Fournier, who got to know the Clintons as a reporter in the state capital of Little Rock.
"They have great strengths and great weaknesses. Among the weaknesses are a sense that the ends justify the means, a sense of entitlement, and a sense of grievance and paranoia, so those attributes get them to do things that get them into trouble and distract from their broader mission of public service."
During Tuesday's hostile engagement outside the UN Security Council, where a mob of more than 100 reporters yelled questions at her, the helmet-haired Clinton looked girded for battle—her sparkly-gray power suit the fashion equivalent of chain mail.
It was a telling coincidence, perhaps, that the choreographed confrontation took place in front of the UN's tapestry of "Guernica," Picasso's famous painting depicting the Fascist bombing of a Basque village during the Spanish Civil War—though it would be going too far to suggest that Clinton was experiencing something like a personal "Guernica."
The prohibitive frontrunner, who's expected to formally announce next month, firmly rejected a rising clamor from television talking heads and others, including Fournier, that she give up her email server and its contents to the State Department, and that she promise that her family foundation will return contributions from foreign countries (another apparent infraction while she was America's chief diplomat) that have trampled on women's rights.
"It's not enough to give a couple of brief comments and talk her way out of this," Fournier said. "She can't spin her way out of this. She can't explain her way out of this."
Thus the Clinton-press clash shows no signs of abating.
"I'm not sure there's a way to fix it," said former Democratic consultant Robert Shrum, an occasional contributor to The Daily Beast, "because the press seems just instinctively hostile—meaning that part of it is 'Take down the Big Guy' or, in this case, the Big Woman."
University of Southern California professor Shrum, the chief strategist of Al Gore's presidential campaign in 2000 and John Kerry's in 2004, said Clinton, ironically, is disadvantaged in her media relations by her colossus-like presence on the political scene.
"It's not dislike for her personally. It's an aversion to that kind of non-race"—in which Clinton is the overwhelming favorite—"and the natural desire to bring her down a peg." In that sense, Shrum predicted, the press is likely to be Clinton's peskiest primary opponent. "Who else is there?" he said. "But," he added, "the press will not win the primary."
The email brouhaha—which Clinton loyalist James Carville has dismissed as the latest in an endless series of press- and partisan-driven mini-scandals, from Whitewater to Benghazi, that amounted to nothing—"is not a big story for voters," Shrum said. "I don't think it matters. They're more concerned about their jobs than somebody's email. But if you get pounded and pounded relentlessly over a period of time, of course it can hurt. Gore was hurt by the ceaseless pounding about 'inventing the Internet,' which he never said."
University of Virginia political scientist Larry J. Sabato—who explored the dynamics of the media "Feeding Frenzy" in his 2000 book of the same title—said Clinton's fractious relationship with the Fourth Estate "is inevitable. The Clintons have had a very rocky relationship with the press that is going to continue. The wounds may have healed, but there's a lot of scar tissue."
Stating the obvious, Sabato added: "The Clintons have survived far worse than this."
Public relations executive and Hillary fan Howard Bragman agreed. "I think she will power through," said Bragman, vice chairman of Reputation.com. "The Clintons have been backed into a corner before, and they're pretty good at getting out of these corners."
As for her press relations, "I think she has to be intelligent and she has to be upfront," Bragman said. "And she has to be 'likable enough,' if you will"—a reference to candidate Obama's diss of Clinton during a 2008 primary debate in New Hampshire.
Mother Jones magazine's David Corn, the chief tormenter of Bill O'Reilly, placed the current fracas in historical context
in an essay titled "The Return of the Clinton Media Persecution Complex."
"It is, unfortunately, an old and all-too familiar story," Corn wrote. "A Clinton, meaning Bill or Hillary, does something wrong (or possibly wrong). The media pounces; the Clinton antagonists of the right hit the warpath. Immediately, the Clinton camp and its supporters accuse the media and the conservative Clinton Hate Machine of trumping up a story to thwart the noble Clintons.
"Clinton spokespeople go into war-room mode. Resentful reporters grouse (privately and publicly) about the heavy-handed operators and obfuscators of Clintonland. And the right claims this latest fuss is a scandal that surpasses Watergate. Rinse, repeat."
Corn added that Team Hillary's reaction to Email-gate is "bad news for anyone hoping that Hillary 2016 has learned from the miscalculations of the past."
Fournier, who covered the Clinton White House for the Associated Press, has been a severe critic of what he believes is the defensive and disingenuous manner in which Team Hillary—as it ramps for the 2016 presidential campaign—has responded to The New York Times' March 3 revelation that as secretary of state, she skirted the rules and legitimate public interest by keeping her government-related communications on a private email server.
The Clintons' lack of transparency, especially with nosy journalists, "is all part of a piece," Fournier told The Daily Beast. "The first thing they should understand is that it's not about us in the press. It's about them as leaders and the people they're presuming to lead. And about realizing that the media has changed dramatically since their last time in the White House."
Fifteen years ago, unlike today, it was possible for a politician and his or her operatives to concentrate on a manageable segment of the media and thus affect public perceptions.
"Chris Lehane and Mark Fabiani and the gang," Fournier said, citing two of the Clinton White House's most aggressive crisis communications spinners, "could literally write down on a sheet of paper every reporter covering the impeachment, and take another half-sheet to write down every editor overseeing the coverage in the mainstream media." The Clinton pushback operation "knew everyone they had to bully, intimidate, deceive, flatter and schmooze—all their tricks to throw us off the scent or get us focused on the Republicans or just lie to us."
But that was then, this is now.
"Trotting out [Hillary detractor-turned-acolyte] David Brock to demand a correction from The New York Times for a story that didn't need a correction, or trotting out James Carville to talk about the right-wing conspiracy, might have worked in the 1990s," Fournier said. "But what has changed is that now there are 300 million reporters and researchers; everyone with a laptop and Internet service now has more information at their fingertips than I ever did in 1998. And they're deciding on their own whether this is a right-wing conspiracy or a left-wing conspiracy, or whether or not it's right that Hillary Clinton took public emails and kept them in her basement."
Fournier added: "The 1990s tactics don't work in an age where you can't possibly spin and intimidate 300 million people."


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et al.,; Lehmann,; Platek et al.,,].
would activate mirror neurons, whereas the viewing of contagious yawns would not.
To our knowledge, the finding of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC; BA11) activation associated with the urge to yawn by a contagion has not been previously reported. Most commonly, the vmPFC has been shown to assign relative value to different options, thereby weighting or biasing future choices and minimizing decision making time. [Bechara et al.,,; Elliott et al.,; Fellows and Farah,; Northoff et al.,] Additional studies have implicated the vmPFC in empathic processing. Eslinger [] noted that patients sustaining injuries to the prefrontal cortex developed impairments in empathic processing, thereby limiting their capacity to process emotional information. Similarly, Shamay-Tsoory et al. used empathy scores and ToM tasks to study brain injured patients with frontal lesions, posterior lesions, and controls to assess whether changes in empathic processing correlated with particular structural lesions. They found activity in the right ventromedial prefrontal cortex to correlate highly with impairments on various empathy measures. [Shamay-Tsoory et al.,] Functional imaging studies have also implicated vmPFC and orbitofrontal regions in ToM tasks. [Baron-Cohen et al.,; Calder et al.,; Fletcher et al.,; Gallagher et al.,[2000) Goel et al.,].
Our finding of vmPFC activation therefore suggests that this area may be the prefrontal component of the empathy network, which has been previously implicated in CY. In addition to the finding of vmPFC activation associated with CY, our results provide a basis on which to integrate the discrepant findings of Platek et al. [] and Schurmann et al. []. We found similar activation of parahippocampal/ventral posterior cingulate areas identified by Platek et al., although we found no significant activations in the precuneus or thalamus. These regional similarities did not, however, differ between our yawn and gape conditions. Our paradigm also showed activation of what has been indirectly shown to be the human mirror neuron system [Buccino et al.,; Carr et al.,; Leslie et al.,; Rizzolatti and Craighero,], including inferior frontal gyrus and STS in both the cough and gape conditions, in addition to right ventral premotor, pre-SMA, and inferior parietal lobule in the gape condition. When contrasting yawn vs. gape, we found no significant mirror neuron activations, because this region was active in both conditions as well as the cough condition at subthreshold levels.
These findings thereby support the results of Schurmann et al. [] and further suggest that although the right premotor cortex may be involved with the processing of facial expressions, it is not unique to yawning and is not likely to be the primary region underlying contagious motor programs. The mechanism by which a contagion releases a yawn remains unclear. [Provine,] The involvement of vmPFC in the urge to yawn by contagion is however underscored by this region's association with emotional processing of internal and external stimuli and representation of emotional responses. [Bush et al.,; Lane et al.,; Posner,] Furthermore, although the motor act of yawning does not require cortical control, our findings suggest that the cortex may be required for transmittal of a contagious motor program like yawning. The vmPFC thus appears an ideal region for processing and releasing contagious motor programs. It may also help to explain how the urge to yawn by a contagion could be unique to humans and possibly nonhuman primates, although spontaneous yawning is present even in lower animals.
This proposed role of the vmPFC may also provide insights to explain the early observations of Piaget [] and the recent work of Anderson and Meno [] noting CY did not develop in children below 5 years of age. It remains unclear, however, what developmental or biological milestones (e.g., axonal myelination, synaptic plasticity, empathic processing) must take place in the child's brain before motor programs can be released via a contagion. These findings are in contradistinction to the paradoxical innate capacity to imitate which is present in healthy human neonates. [Nagy,] Further studies are needed to identify whether contagious and noncontagious motor programs are processed by different neural correlates in order to develop a unified framework, which accounts for both the current view that CY has evolved as a form of empathic modeling and that the mirror neuron system is the primary substrate for experiential or empathic understanding of others.
Although our findings identify a new component to the network underlying CY, we acknowledge that only eight (47%) of our 17 naïve subjects, who reported experiencing CY in general, reported feeling a similar urge during the experiment and suppressing it. For comparison, Provine [] reported subjects' yawn response rates of 55% during the viewing of a 5 min series of 30 yawns versus 21% who yawned while viewing a series of smiles. With regard to the potential confound introduced by suppression of yawning which exists in similar experiments, our post hoc results suggest that the vmPFC was not associated with suppression and also identifies regions such as the anterior cingulate, which are known to be active during cognitive and motor suppression [Bush et al.,; Krams et al.,].
Based on these collective data, the highly evolved vmPFC appears a valid brain region for the processing and release of contagious motor programs such as yawning. Taken together, these data suggest that the urge to yawn via contagion, unlike other noncontagious facial expressions, does not take place through a process of imitation or mimicry, rather the primitive motor program is released by the cortex and is carried out through well-characterized brainstem and subcortical mechanisms.


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SUBJECT: Dialogues in Bee Time: public presentation by distinguished Canadian educator and biologist Dr. Mark Winston
Media representatives are invited to attend a public presentation by distinguished Canadian educator and biologist Dr. Mark Winston on Monday, March 21.
The presentation, titled Dialogues in Bee Time: Experiencing Your Education, explores what bees, dialogue and university success have in common. Former bee biologist Mark Winston will explore what happens when you combine dialogue, experiential learning and community engagement to create a unique and powerful educational experience that transforms student learning.
Dr. Winston is a distinguished Canadian educator who has utilized dialogue in classrooms, corporations, non-profit organizations, government, and community settings to develop leadership and communication skills, conduct strategic planning, inspire organizational change, and thoughtfully engage public audiences with controversial issues. He is also an entomologist with an extensive career researching, teaching, writing and commenting on bees and agriculture, environmental issues, and science policy. His work has appeared in numerous books, commentary columns for the Vancouver Sun, New York Times, The Sciences, Orion magazine, and frequently on CBC radio and television and National Public Radio. He currently is academic director of Simon Fraser University's Morris J. Wosk Centre for Dialogue, and a professor of biological sciences.
The presentation is sponsored by the MetaKettle Project at Memorial University, a legacy project from the 2004-2009 NSERC/Petro-Canada Chair for Women in Science and Engineering (Atlantic Region).
The event will take place at 7 p.m., in the School of Music's Petro Canada Hall, St. John's Campus, Memorial University.
A reception will follow.
Parking for media is available in Lot 15B.
For further information, please contact Dr. Janna Rosales, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, at (709) 864-7960 or jrosales@mun.ca.


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Bahiga Hafez ( ; née en 1908 et morte en 1983) est une actrice, une scénariste, une compositrice, et une réalisatrice égyptienne. Un de ses films est victime de la censure en 1938.

Biographie
Bahiga Hafez est née le . Elle grandit à Alexandrie dans une famille aristocratique, ayant des liens avec la monarchie. Elle étudie la musique au Caire,. Elle s'est mariée, encore adolescente, à un prince iranien. Ce mariage prématuré, dure peu de temps. Elle gagne ensuite Paris où elle prolonge ses études musicales en composition musicale et en piano, au conservatoire. Elle parle l'arabe, le français, l'anglais et d'autres langues .

Après son retour en Égypte, elle vit au Caire, où elle enseigne la musique et anime des salons littéraires.

Elle devient ensuite l'une des femmes pionnières du cinéma égyptien, irritant sa famille par ce choix, le cinéma étant encore considéré comme une activité peu honorable, surtout pour quelqu'un de son statut social. Elle commence cette carrière cinématographique dans le cinéma en tant qu'actrice, en vedette dans le film muet Zeinab (1930), dirigé par Mohamed Karim pour qui elle compose également la partition. Ces débuts sont le résultat d'une rencontre. Mohamed Karim cherchait un visage féminin particulier pour le rôle-titre, et, lors d'une fête, lui offre le rôle. Le film  est un succès. Ce projet fait naître son intérêt pour le cinéma.

Elle fonde la société de production Fanar Films en 1932. Avec Fanar Films, elle co-réalise en 1932 le film al-Dahaya, ["Victimes"], dans lequel elle joue aussi le principal rôle féminin. Elle est également la créatrice des costumes, et la compositrice du film. C'est initialement un film muet, mais elle refait le film  3 ans plus tard en cinéma parlant.

Le premier film qu'elle réalise est Laila bint al-sahara [Laila, la fille du désert],1937 (titre alternatif: Laila bint al-Badawiyya). Elle y intervient comme réalisatrice, productrice (avec Fanar Films), co-scénariste, compositrice et actrice principale. Le film est présenté en avant-première au Festival du Film de Venise en 1938, mais sa diffusion en Égypte l'année suivante est interdite en raison du ton critique vis-à-vis de la monarchie perse, sa sortie coïncidant avec le mariage du Shah de Perse et de la Princesse Fawzia d'Egypte, marquant un rapprochement politique entre les deux pays. L'impact financier est dur pour la productrice. Le film ressort en 1944 avec un nouveau titre, Layla al-Badawiyya [Layla la bédouine], et quelques coupures.

En 1966, après une longue période d'absence des écrans, elle est sollicitée par Salah Abou Seif pour interpréter l'une des Princesses dans son film el Qâhirah talâtîn en 1966. C'est son retour au cinéma, mais aussi sa dernière apparition.

Malheureusement, une grande partie de son travail en tant que réalisatrice, se perd et seule la mention de son travail reste. Une copie de son film al-Dahaya est découverte en 1995.

Filmographie

Notes et références

Notes

Liens externes
 Bahiga Hafez (1908-1983)

Naissance en août 1908
Décès en décembre 1983
Actrice égyptienne
Scénariste égyptien de cinéma
Musicienne égyptienne
Compositrice égyptienne
Compositeur égyptien de musique de film
Décès à 75 ans
Naissance à Alexandrie
Décès au Caire

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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TORAH SPARKS: Parashat Shelah lekha
Parashat Shelah lekha Shabbat
Mevarekhim Hahodesh June 29, 2019 | 26 Sivan 5779
Annual (Numbers 13:1-15:41): Etz Hayim p. 840; Hertz p. 623
Triennial (Numbers 15:8-15:41): Etz Hayim p. 851; Hertz p. 631
Haftarah ( Yehoshua 2:1-24): Etz Hayim p. 856; Hertz p. 635
D'var Torah: When God is Not God
Dr. Shaiya Rothberg, Conservative Yeshiva Faculty
There is a secret in this week's Torah portion. At first, it's shocking but in the end, I think you'll conclude that you already knew it. There is a character in this week's Torah portion called Y-H-V-H who tells Moshe that he wants to kill the Israelites (Bemidbar 14:12): "I will hit them with a plague and eliminate them and make a bigger greater nation from you!" The secret, revealed by the Zohar, is that this character is not God.
But before we get into the secret, a clarification: For the Zohar, everything is God. The aspect of God that the Zohar calls Ein Sof / Infinity contains all things. So not only the character Y-H-V-H who wants to kill the Jews is part of God, so are the spies, the grapes they brought back, and if a spy stubbed his toe on a rock on the way home, as Rabbi Moshe Cordovero says (quoted in Daniel Matt's The Essential Kabbalah), "Don't say 'this is a rock and not God' – God forbid! – Rather, all existence is God." But if everything is God, how can the character in question not be God? The answer is that when we as Jews today use the word "God", we don't generally mean the Ein Sof of the Zohar but rather something more in the spirit of Maimonides like "the One we love and imitate." For the Zohar, too, we are meant to love and imitate God. But the Zohar uses different names to capture different aspects of God, and what we are supposed to love and imitate is not called Ein Sof but is symbolized by attributes (also called sefirot) like Wisdom, Love, and Justice. The character "God" who wants to kill us is part of Ein Sof like all things, but he is something broken; not to be worshipped or imitated. He is not the true God of Wisdom, Love, and Justice.
The Zohar (III 144a IR) reveals this secret in its commentary to Bereishit 6. This chapter tells the story of how God (the character) became sad, regretted creating human beings and so killed them all except Noah and family. The Zohar explains that this cannot be the transcendent God because then it would be inappropriate to speak of God experiencing sadness and regret. The character "God" who destroys humanity is symbolized not by Wisdom, Love, and Justice but by Rage, Pain, and Destruction. This is not "the One we love and imitate."
The Zohar further explains that this (not-) "God" of Rage, Pain, and Destruction is responsible not only for the flood but also for the ongoing desire to kill the Israelites. The point of these stories, in which "God" is not really God, is to teach us the dynamics of Rage, Pain, and Destruction in heaven and on earth. Moshe is the ultimate servant of the true God who knows how to awaken the divine attributes of Wisdom, Love, and Justice by evoking the thirteen attributes of mercy (Shemot 34:9; Bemidbar 14:17-18). We are meant to learn to do the same.
So, the secret is that "God" in the Chumash is not always God. But you already knew that. Anyone who reads the simple meaning of the story understands that Moshe was not supposed to say, "Hey God, great idea, let's kill all the Israelites except me." Moshe was supposed to resist "God" and the reader is meant to identify with him. Think about it for a minute and you'll see that the Zohar is just stating the simple meaning of the text using more complex mystical-philosophical-psychological symbolism. The message is the same.
And it's a radical message. Each time the Bible says that God did X or said Y, you need to ask yourself: the character "God" or God "the One we love and imitate"? For instance, would the God in which you believe command that we exterminate the seven nations that lived in Eretz Yisrael (Devarim 20:16)? By revealing this secret to you, Jewish tradition has entrusted you with a powerful interpretive tool. You and I are the living link in thousands of years of Jewish interpretation. May it be God's will that we use this tool wisely.
Parashat Shelah Lekha Self-Study
Moshe sends a delegation (often referred to as 'the spies') to tour the land of Israel prior to entering it. Their report causes a panic, at the end of which the people get 40 years in the desert, and only the next generation will enter the land. In the second part, there are several Mitzvot that might have some connection to what happened.
1) Moshe sends a 12-person delegation of tribal representatives. For the tribe of Ephraim, he sends Yehoshua son of Nun (13:8), whom we have met as Moshe's assistant. What difficulty might this dual role cause Yehoshua?
2) Moshe directs the delegates to investigate several things, among them whether there are trees there (13:20). Why do you think that Moshe asks about this, having already asked if the land is fat or lean?
3) The delegation's report to the people apparently creates turmoil. Caleb quiets the people and tells them they can conquer the land (13:30). While Yehoshua will be at his side later (14:6), he is absent from this first counter-assessment. Why do you think that he did not speak up there?
4) After being told that they will wander 40 years in the desert and not enter the land, some of the people decide to go ahead anyway, despite warnings that God is not with them (14:40-45). What do you think that these people wanted to say by their actions?
5) The parashah ends with the well-known passage requiring us to put tzitzit on 4 cornered garments as a reminder of the mitzvot. Why do you think that a mitzvot-reminder is placed in the realm of clothing?
D'var Haftarah: When God Awakens
People are often confounded when reading the Tanakh on account of its choice of language to describe God's interaction with the world. For instance, this week's haftarah describes the response of the nations of the world when God will come to rescue His people: "Hush, all flesh before the Lord, for He has stirred from his Holy abode" (2:17 Alter translation). Zechariah uses the term ne'or - which means to stir, rise up, or awaken. But what could it mean for the nations of the world for God to "wake up"? And what does it say about God?
Targum Yonatan, the Jewish Aramaic translation of the Prophets, renders this verse: "All of the wicked will be destroyed from before the Lord when God reveals Himself from His sacred dwelling peace." God's stirring/waking means that the nations of the world will be punished; it is not so much that they will be silent when God awakens, but that God will silence them. Two French contemporaries of Rashi take a similar approach. Rabbi Yosef Kara comments: "that God will awaken from the Heavens to exact punishment on the nations [who have mistreated Israel]." Rabbi Eliezer from Beaugency offers a similar explanation, "that He will awaken to save His people."
But unlike these commentators who take the wording of Zechariah at face value, the Targum seems uncomfortable speaking about God as "waking up." It uses the language of God "revealing" Himself instead. Rabbi David Kimche (13th century Provence) echoes this when he writes: "This [verse] is [expressed] by way of a parable. It is like a person who awakens from his sleep." In this same vein, the linguist and philosopher, Rabbi Yosef Ibn Kaspi (14th century Provence) invokes the famous rabbinic principle that "Dibrah Torah kileshon bnai adam" when he writes, "[This is expressed by way of the expression] – 'the Torah speaks the way people speak', namely, it is as if he was asleep and then awoke from his sleep, for most certainly, 'The Guardian of Israel neither sleeps nor slumbers' (Psalms 21:3-4)." For Ibn Kaspi, the contradiction can only be resolved by understanding Zechariah figuratively.
Since language arises out of human experience, it is necessarily limited in its ability to describe God. We are forced to use metaphors that, if taken literally, can lead to deep theological misunderstanding. We are the inheritors of a tradition that recognized already many many centuries ago that there is a gap between God and how we, and our holy texts, talk about God. May we merit to continue in their path.


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Savour Awards 2019
We won! We're stoked to have taken out the category of the Consumer Vote Award for Regional Victoria in the 2019 Savour Australia™ Restaurant & Catering Hostplus Awards for Excellence for Victoria & Tasmania.
The Restaurant & Catering Association Awards for Excellence program provides recognition to restaurants and caterers that excel in their field. The Savour Australia Hostplus Awards for Excellence is a nationally recognised, independently judged awards program that recognises exceptional service and culinary talent across Australia.
Paul, Jye and Damian travelled to attend the awards at Crown Melbourne on Monday 29 July 2019. The National Awards are announced in October 2019.
Friendly Savage2019-08-06T13:10:52+10:00August 6th, 2019|
We're stoked! 2019 Good Food Guide
Best Steak Restaurant – Savour Awards 2018
Top 20 finalist, People's Choice Award
Voted one of the best restaurants in Australia!
National Acclaim – The Good Food Guide 2018
Holiday trading hours


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Could This Be the Future of Okinawans?
Posted on February 6, 2010 by Eric
Ancient Tribe Goes Extinct as Last Member Dies
Updated: 21 hours 38 minutes ago AOLnews.com/world
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David KnowlesWriter
(Feb. 5) – Marking the end of a language and an entire people, the last member of the Bo, an ancient tribe that lived in the Andaman Islands, has died.
When Boa Sr, as she was known, died last week, she was believed to be about 85 years old. Her husband had died years beforehand, and Boa, whose name means "land" or "earth" in the Bo language, had no children.
When Boa Sr, the last member of the Bo tribe of the Andaman Islands, died last week, the Bo language died along with her.
"She was the only person who spoke Bo," Anvita Abbi, a professor of linguistics at India's Jawaharlal National University, told The Times of London. "At times, she felt very isolated and lonely as she had no one to talk to in her own language."
The Bos' Downfall
In 1858, when the British decided to colonize the Andaman Islands and use them as a penal colony, they estimated that 5,000 Great Andamanese lived there.
"At first, the British didn't notice any difference between the tribes," said Sophie Grig, senior campaigner at Survival International.
But in 1879, a British officer named M.V. Portman was appointed officer in charge of the Andamanese, and after years of attempting to acclimate them to life as British subjects, Portman wrote "A Manual of the Andamanese Languages," which distinguished the differences among tribal languages.
Portman's own obituary, which appeared in The Times on Feb. 22, 1935, reads:
In many parts of the islands the natives were still either ferocious enemies or at best half-tamed; and his work consisted in making contact with them and very gradually bringing them to recognize the value of British rule.
But colonization proved ruinous for the tribes of the Andamans, including the Bo, with large numbers decimated by measles and syphilis brought to the islands by foreigners. Many of those who were left gravitated to alcohol, another import to the islands, as a way of seeking solace.
"When people are dispossessed from their land and their way of life, they often turn to alcohol," Grig said. "It's not surprising, and it was very much true in the case of the Bo."
In 1970 the Indian government began relocating the Bo to a settlement of concrete row houses on Strait Island. Boa Sr was moved in 1978, and Abbi said she often said that she missed her old life in the jungle.
"A language contains the memories and experiences, everything that explains and encapsulates a way of life," Grig said.
This entry was posted in Articles by Eric. Bookmark the permalink.


HARARE – Former Air Zimbabwe Holdings Private Limited Company Secretary Grace Nyaradzayi Pfumbidzayi has been granted bail by the High Court.
Pfumbidzayi had been convicted for criminal abuse of duty as a public officer and jailed to an effective 7-year jail sentence.
High Court judge Justice Happious Zhou has ordered the release of Pfumbidzayi from Chikurubi Maximum Prison on US$5 000 bail.
Justice Zhou found that the magistrates court misdirected itself by ruling that there was a risk of abscondment on Pfumbidzayi's part as she had been slapped with a lengthy jail term.
He said while the period of imprisonment is relevant it is not proof that the appellant will not avail herself to serve her sentence should her appeal fail.
He additionally ordered Pfumbidzayi to deposit the money, her passport and title deeds to her Masvingo and Harare properties with clerk of court at Harare Magistrates Court and to report twice weekly at Marlborough Police Station.
Advocate Webster Chinamhora who is under instruction from Andrew Muvirimi welcomed the admission of Pfumbidzayi to bail.
The post AirZim's Pfumbidzayi granted bail appeared first on The Zimbabwe Mail.


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2015-16QuarterfinalsGame 2
Herbalife Gran Canaria Las Palmas 83
Stelmet Zielona Gora 86
March 23, 2016 CET: 21:30
Local time: 20:30 GRAN CANARIA ARENA
Gran Canaria returns to the Eurocup semifinals
Herbalife Gran Canaria Las Palmas advanced to the Eurocup semifinals for the second consecutive season despite an 83-86 home loss to Stelmet Zielona Gora on Wednesday. Gran Canaria had beaten Zielona Gora 82-93 in Game 1 and won the two-game, total-points series by an aggregate score of 176-168. Gran Canaria will face Galatasaray Odeabank Istanbul in the semifinals and play Game 2 at home due to its better record at the end of the Last 32. Zielona Gora left the competition with a 5-0 road record, but was not able to win at home. Alen Omic led Gran Canaria with 14 points, Xavi Rabaseda added 13 while Kevin Pangos had 12 for the hosts. Lukasz Koszarek and Vlad Moldoveanu each scored 15 points to lead Zielona Gora, Dejan Borovnjak scored 14 and Przemyslaw Zamojski 12 for the visitors. The hosts led 45-39 at halftime before a 13-0 run that Anzejs Pasecniks capped with a layup broke the series open at 67-50, midway through the third quarter. Zielona Gora kept fighting for yet another road win and came within 70-64 on back-to-back triples by Zamojski. Koszarek brought the guests even closer, 74-71, but Rabaseda and Omic stepped up for the hosts for a 77-71 lead. Zielona Gora did not surrender and used a final 0-10 run to win the game down the stretch.
Borovnjak got Zielona Gora going with a layup but Eulis Baez scored down low and Sasu Salin struck from downtown for a 5-2 Gran Canaria lead. Borovnjak hit a four-meter jumper, which Omic bettered with a three-point play. Dee Bost found his first points, but back-to-back three-pointers by Pangos caused Zielona Gora to call timeout at 14-6. Moldoveanu stepped up with a put-back layup and Bost scored in penetration, but a corner triple by Brad Newley boosted Gran Canaria's lead to 17-12. Moldoveanu hit a five-meter jumper and Ponitka added consecutive baskets to bring the guests within 1. After Rabaseda hit free throws, Anzejs Pasecniks added a layup and a three-point play by Oliver boosted the hosts' lead to 24-18 after 10 minutes. Seeley hit a triple early in the second quarter. Nemanja Djurisic tried to change things with a couple of baskets, but a layup-plyus-foul by Omic and a three-pointer by Oliver made it a double-digit game, 33-22. Rabaseda joined the three-point shootout and Pasecniks gave his team a 38-22 lead. Borovnjak scored in the low post and Gruszecki followed a triple with an alley-oop slam for a 41-29 Zielona Gora deficit. A three-pointer by Moldoveanu and a big basket by Ponitka brought the guests even closer, 41-34. Moldoveanu struck again from downtown and Borovnjak scored, but Omic kept Gran Canaria in charge, 45-39, at halftime.
Koszarek hit a mid-range jumper right after the break and Borovnjak added a follow- layup, but free throws by Omic and Salin gave the hosts a 49-43 lead. Bost nailed a catch-and-shoot three-pointer and matched Salin's floater with a driving layup to make it 51-48. Pangos nailed another three-pointer and even Moldoveanu kept pacing Zielona Gora with a tip-in. Free throws by Pablo Aguilar and Newley gave Gran Canaria a 58-50 margin. Aguilar struck from downtown, Rabaseda added a fast break layup and a layup by Pasecniks practically sealed the outcome of the series at 67-50, after a 13-0 run. Szymon Szewczyk nailed a three-pointer and free throws by Koszarek and Zamojski brought the guests a bit closer. Rabaseda hit a corner triple and foul shots by Koszarek fixed the score at 70-58 after 30 minutes. Both teams kept fighting for the win. Zamojski sank back-to-back triples early in the fourth quarter and got help from Zamojski to make it a 3-point game. Seeley and Koszarek exchanged baskets and Rabaseda struck from downtown for a 77-71 Gran Canaria lead. Omic and Seeley stepped up for the hosts, but a basket by Borovnjak, a triple by Zamojski and a layup-plus-foul by Szewczyk made it 83-82. Moldoveanu put Zielona Gora ahead, 83-84, already in the final minute. A reverse layup by Koszarek rounded out the scoring; Zielona Gora won the game, but Gran Canaria advanced to the semifinals.
Eurocupbasketball.com
Referees: SHEMMESH, SEFFI; HERCEG, SINISA; LANZARINI, SAVERIO
Attendance: 6786 (Tentative)
Herbalife Gran Canaria Las Palmas 24 21 25 13
Stelmet Zielona Gora 18 21 19 28
Herbalife Gran Canaria Las Palmas
3 PANGOS, KEVIN 21:29 12 0/1 4/7 2 1 3 12
4 OLIVER, ALBERT 18:31 6 1/2 1/3 1/1 1 1 5 5 1 1 1 3
7 SAVANE, SITAPHA DNP - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
8 NEWLEY, BRAD 20:45 5 0/2 1/3 2/2 2 2 1 1 1 3 2 3
9 SALIN, SASU 19:54 7 1/2 1/4 2/2 1 1 1 1 1 2 5
11 SEELEY, DENNIS 20:06 8 2/2 1/1 1/2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 9
13 BAEZ, EULIS 21:54 4 1/1 0/3 2/2 5 5 1 1 1 5
14 PASECNIKS, ANZEJS 16:50 9 4/5 0/1 1/3 2 3 5 2 1 3 3 9
21 PAULI, ORIOL DNP - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
22 RABASEDA, XAVIER 19:15 13 1/2 3/6 2/2 6 6 1 3 3 16
23 OMIC, ALEN 23:10 14 3/5 8/8 3 3 2 2 1 2 8 22
34 AGUILAR, PABLO 18:06 5 0/1 1/3 2/2 1 1 2 2 2 4 1 2
Totals 200:00 83 13/23 12/31 21/24 5 22 27 14 3 15 5 1 21 25 88
Head coach: GARCIA RENESES, AITO
Stelmet Zielona Gora
1 BOST, DEE 27:46 9 3/5 1/3 4 4 4 2 3 4 12
10 SZEWCZYK, SZYMON 12:54 6 1/1 1/2 1/1 5 5 2 4 1 5
14 MOLDOVEANU, VLAD 27:39 15 4/5 2/4 1/2 3 1 4 2 1 4 4 12
20 PONITKA, MATEUSZ 31:02 6 3/9 0/1 2 5 7 2 1 1 1 4 9
33 GRUSZECKI, KAROL 13:34 5 1/5 1/1 1 1 1 1 1 1
34 HRYCANIUK, ADAM 2:38 0/1 1 1 1 1 -2
35 ZAMOJSKI, PRZEMYSLAW 12:53 12 1/3 3/4 1/2 1 2 1 6
41 BOROVNJAK, DEJAN 24:28 14 7/10 0/1 3 3 6 2 2 5 1 12
42 DJURISIC, NEMANJA 12:21 4 2/3 0/1 1 1 2 1 1 2
55 KOSZAREK, LUKASZ 34:45 15 4/6 1/3 4/4 2 2 7 1 1 4 4 20
Team 1 1 2 1 1
Totals 200:00 86 26/48 9/19 7/10 11 23 34 15 0 13 1 5 26 20 77
54.2% 47.4% 70%
Head coach: FILIPOVSKI, SASO
GARCIA RENESES, AITO
"I am very happy because it's not easy to reach the Eurocup Semifinals. At the beginning of the game, we played hard and well, and that was the key. They are a really great team; they work hard and good, so this is a great success for us."
BAEZ, EULIS
"They played with a lot of patience. At the end, they got the win, but we are in the semifinals, which is what we were looking for. It's not easy to get here. Last year we had the same philosophy, to try to focus on one game at a time and to try to learn every day. Aíto has helped us in this aspect a lot."
Players Stelmet Zielona Gora in Las Palmas (photo Gran Canaria)
Xavi Rabaseda - Herbalife Gran Canaria Las Palmas vs. Stelmet Zielona Gora (photo Gran Canaria)
Brad Newley - Herbalife Gran Canaria Las Palmas vs. Stelmet Zielona Gora (photo Gran Canaria)
Saso Filipovski - Gran Canaria vs. Stelmet Zielona Gora (photo Gran Canaria)
Alen Omic - Herbalife Gran Canaria Las Palmas vs. Stelmet Zielona Gora (photo Gran Canaria)
Fans Stelmet Zielona Gora in Las Palmas (photo Gran Canaria)
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REGULAR SEASON LAST 32 EIGHTHFINALS QUARTERFINALS SEMIFINALS FINALS
Game 1 Game 2
Quarterfinal A
Galatasaray Odeabank Istanbul 72
March 22 19:00 CET LIVE FINAL
Quarterfinal B
Quarterfinal C
Nizhny Novgorod 91
Quarterfinal D
EA7 Emporio Armani Milan 79
Dolomiti Energia Trento 92


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Getting to know: Hon Sui Sen
Top image: Mr Hon Sui Sen (second from left) is one of the pioneers responsible for Singapore's post-independence economic development.
Singapore owes a great deal to the late Hon Sui Sen, one of the pioneers responsible for Singapore's post-independence economic development. Mr Hon Sui Sen laid the foundation for Singapore's national economic development strategies over 44 years, first as a civil servant and then as Finance Minister.
Prior to joining politics, Mr Hon held several roles in civil service and quasi-government organisations. While serving as permanent secretary in the Ministry of Finance between 1959 to 1961, Mr Hon was heavily involved in the setting up of Economic Development Board (EDB). As EDB's first chairman, Mr Hon played a crucial role in industrialising Singapore and alleviated the unemployment rate. He spearheaded the development of the Jurong Industrial Estate, which set the stage for Singapore's rapid industrialisation in the 1960s.
In 1968, he became the Development Bank of Singapore's (DBS) first chairman and president.
Left: In 1962, Mr Lee Kuan Yew, accompanied by Mr Hon Sui Sen (left in photo), chairman of the Economic Development Board who later became Minister of Finance, inspected the land at Jurong to be developed into Singapore's first industrial estate. Right: Mr Hon participating in constituency events.
Mr Hon entered politics in 1970 after being persuaded by then-Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew and later served as the member of Parliament for Havelock constituency. He retained the seat in the next three general elections.
In 1970, Mr Hon succeeded Mr Goh Keng Swee as Minister of Finance and served in that capacity till his death in 1983.
Mr Hon also made valuable contributions to Singapore in terms of talent-spotting and nurturing future leaders. Mr Goh Chok Tong, Dr Tony Tan Keng Yam and Mr S. Dhanabalan were among those who were nurtured by Mr Hon.
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Swivel office chair have several moving parts that need lubrication to work in silence. Although regular maintenance helps eliminate most noise, any chair can develop annoying squeaks from normal use. A swivel chair is more likely to squeak when you carry the weight, so ask a colleague to help locate the source of the sound.
Have someone sit in the swivel office chair while sitting on the floor. Ask the person to turn the chair from side to side. Wait to hear the screech and locate the source. Hold the silicone spray can upright and level with the screeching point, about three inches away. Spray for a second or two. Have the person continue to turn the chair around and around to work the oil on the rotating mechanism. If the chirping is silent, you have reached the point. If not, try again.
Ideas for fix a squeaky swivel office chair. In general, if a moving part of the chair needs lubrication; other moving parts will also do so. Turning the chair back and forth in different directions. Wait to hear the squeaks of the wheels and the wheels above the wheels. Spray a little silicone oil on them if necessary, and roll the wheels to distribute the lubricant. Wipe excess oil from the moving parts with a soft, absorbent cloth to avoid staining clothes and carpets. Store the spray and fabric on your desk for future use.