text:
    #include "wx/window.h"
#endif

#include "wx/gtk/private/wrapgtk.h"
#ifdef GDK_WINDOWING_X11
    #ifndef __WXGTK4__
        #include "wx/unix/private/displayx11.h"

        #define wxGTK_HAVE_X11_DISPLAY
    #endif

    #include <gdk/gdkx.h>
#endif

// This file is not used at all when using Win32.
#if !defined(GDK_WINDOWING_WIN32)

GdkWindow* wxGetTopLevelGDK();

// There are 2 quite different implementations here: one for GTK+ 4 and the
// other one for the previous versions.

#ifdef __WXGTK4__

static inline GdkDisplay* GetDisplay()
{
    return gdk_window_get_display(wxGetTopLevelGDK());
}

// This class is always defined as it's used for the main display even when
// wxUSE_DISPLAY == 0.
class wxDisplayImplGTK : public wxDisplayImpl
{
    typedef wxDisplayImpl base_type;
public:
    wxDisplayImplGTK(unsigned i);
    virtual wxRect GetGeometry() const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual wxRect GetClientArea() const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual int GetDepth() const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual double GetScaleFactor() const wxOVERRIDE;

#if wxUSE_DISPLAY
    virtual bool IsPrimary() const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual wxArrayVideoModes GetModes(const wxVideoMode& mode) const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual wxVideoMode GetCurrentMode() const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual bool ChangeMode(const wxVideoMode& mode) wxOVERRIDE;
#endif // wxUSE_DISPLAY

    GdkMonitor* const m_monitor;
};

// This class is only defined when we're built with full display support.
#if wxUSE_DISPLAY
class wxDisplayFactoryGTK: public wxDisplayFactory
{
public:
    virtual wxDisplayImpl* CreateDisplay(unsigned n) wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual unsigned GetCount() wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual int GetFromPoint(const wxPoint& pt) wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual int GetFromWindow(const wxWindow* win) wxOVERRIDE;
};

wxDisplayImpl* wxDisplayFactoryGTK::CreateDisplay(unsigned n)
{
    return new wxDisplayImplGTK(n);
}

unsigned wxDisplayFactoryGTK::GetCount()
{
    return gdk_display_get_n_monitors(::GetDisplay());
}

int wxDisplayFactoryGTK::GetFromPoint(const wxPoint& pt)
{
    GdkRectangle rect;
    GdkDisplay* display = ::GetDisplay();
    GdkMonitor* monitor = gdk_display_get_monitor_at_point(display, pt.x, pt.y);
    gdk_monitor_get_geometry(monitor, &rect);
    if (wxRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height).Contains(pt))
    {
        for (unsigned i = gdk_display_get_n_monitors(display); i--;)
        {
            if (gdk_display_get_monitor(display, i) == monitor)
                return i;
        }
    }
    return wxNOT_FOUND;
}

int wxDisplayFactoryGTK::GetFromWindow(const wxWindow* win)
{
    if (win && win->m_widget)
    {
        GdkDisplay* display = gtk_widget_get_display(win->m_widget);
        GdkMonitor* monitor;
        if (GdkWindow* window = gtk_widget_get_window(win->m_widget))
            monitor = gdk_display_get_monitor_at_window(display, window);
        else
            monitor = gdk_display_get_primary_monitor(display);

        for (unsigned i = gdk_display_get_n_monitors(display); i--;)
        {
            if (gdk_display_get_monitor(display, i) == monitor)
                return i;
        }
    }
    return wxNOT_FOUND;
}
#endif // wxUSE_DISPLAY

wxDisplayImplGTK::wxDisplayImplGTK(unsigned i)
    : base_type(i)
    , m_monitor(gdk_display_get_monitor(GetDisplay(), i))
{
}

wxRect wxDisplayImplGTK::GetGeometry() const
{
    GdkRectangle rect;
    gdk_monitor_get_geometry(m_monitor, &rect);
    return wxRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
}

wxRect wxDisplayImplGTK::GetClientArea() const
{
    GdkRectangle rect;
    gdk_monitor_get_workarea(m_monitor, &rect);
    return wxRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
}

int wxDisplayImplGTK::GetDepth() const
{
    return 24;
}

double wxDisplayImplGTK::GetScaleFactor() const
{
    return gdk_monitor_get_scale_factor(m_monitor);
}

#if wxUSE_DISPLAY
bool wxDisplayImplGTK::IsPrimary() const
{
    return gdk_monitor_is_primary(m_monitor) != 0;
}

wxArrayVideoModes
wxDisplayImplGTK::GetModes(const wxVideoMode& WXUNUSED(mode)) const
{
    return wxArrayVideoModes();
}

wxVideoMode wxDisplayImplGTK::GetCurrentMode() const
{
    return wxVideoMode();
}

bool wxDisplayImplGTK::ChangeMode(const wxVideoMode& WXUNUSED(mode))
{
    return false;
}
#endif // wxUSE_DISPLAY

#else // !__WXGTK4__

#if defined(__WXGTK3__) && defined(GDK_WINDOWING_X11)

static inline bool wxIsX11GDKScreen(GdkScreen* screen)
{
    return strcmp("GdkX11Screen", g_type_name(G_TYPE_FROM_INSTANCE(screen))) == 0;
}

#else // !__WXGTK3__

static inline int wx_gdk_screen_get_primary_monitor(GdkScreen* screen)
{
    int monitor = 0;
#if GTK_CHECK_VERSION(2,20,0)
    if (wx_is_at_least_gtk2(20))
        monitor = gdk_screen_get_primary_monitor(screen);
#endif
    return monitor;
}
#define gdk_screen_get_primary_monitor wx_gdk_screen_get_primary_monitor

static inline bool wxIsX11GDKScreen(GdkScreen* WXUNUSED(screen))
{
    return true;
}

#endif // __WXGTK3__/!__WXGTK3__

static inline void
wx_gdk_screen_get_monitor_workarea(GdkScreen* screen, int monitor, GdkRectangle* dest)
{
    wxGCC_WARNING_SUPPRESS(deprecated-declarations)
#if GTK_CHECK_VERSION(3,4,0)
    if (gtk_check_version(3,4,0) == NULL)
        gdk_screen_get_monitor_workarea(screen, monitor, dest);
    else
#endif
    {
        gdk_screen_get_monitor_geometry(screen, monitor, dest);
#ifdef wxGTK_HAVE_X11_DISPLAY
        if ( wxIsX11GDKScreen(screen) )
        {
            GdkRectangle rect = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
            wxGetWorkAreaX11(GDK_SCREEN_XSCREEN(screen),
                rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
            // in case _NET_WORKAREA result is too large
            if (rect.width && rect.height)
                gdk_rectangle_intersect(dest, &rect, dest);
        }
#endif // wxGTK_HAVE_X11_DISPLAY
    }
    wxGCC_WARNING_RESTORE()
}
#define gdk_screen_get_monitor_workarea wx_gdk_screen_get_monitor_workarea

static inline GdkScreen* GetScreen()
{
    return gdk_window_get_screen(wxGetTopLevelGDK());
}

class wxDisplayImplGTK : public wxDisplayImpl
{
    typedef wxDisplayImpl base_type;
public:
    wxDisplayImplGTK(unsigned i);
    virtual wxRect GetGeometry() const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual wxRect GetClientArea() const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual int GetDepth() const wxOVERRIDE;
#if GTK_CHECK_VERSION(3,10,0)
    virtual double GetScaleFactor() const wxOVERRIDE;
#endif // GTK+ 3.10

#if wxUSE_DISPLAY
    virtual bool IsPrimary() const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual wxArrayVideoModes GetModes(const wxVideoMode& mode) const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual wxVideoMode GetCurrentMode() const wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual bool ChangeMode(const wxVideoMode& mode) wxOVERRIDE;
#endif // wxUSE_DISPLAY

    GdkScreen* const m_screen;
};

#if wxUSE_DISPLAY
class wxDisplayFactoryGTK: public wxDisplayFactory
{
public:
    virtual wxDisplayImpl* CreateDisplay(unsigned n) wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual unsigned GetCount() wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual int GetFromPoint(const wxPoint& pt) wxOVERRIDE;
    virtual int GetFromWindow(const wxWindow* win) wxOVERRIDE;
};

wxGCC_WARNING_SUPPRESS(deprecated-declarations)

wxDisplayImpl* wxDisplayFactoryGTK::CreateDisplay(unsigned n)
{
    return new wxDisplayImplGTK(n);
}

unsigned wxDisplayFactoryGTK::GetCount()
{
    return gdk_screen_get_n_monitors(GetScreen());
}

int wxDisplayFactoryGTK::GetFromPoint(const wxPoint& pt)
{
    GdkRectangle rect;
    GdkScreen* screen = GetScreen();
    int monitor = gdk_screen_get_monitor_at_point(screen, pt.x, pt.y);
    gdk_screen_get_monitor_geometry(screen, monitor, &rect);
    if (!wxRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height).Contains(pt))
        monitor = wxNOT_FOUND;
    return monitor;
}

int wxDisplayFactoryGTK::GetFromWindow(const wxWindow* win)
{
    int monitor = wxNOT_FOUND;
    if (win && win->m_widget)
    {
        GdkScreen* screen = gtk_widget_get_screen(win->m_widget);
        if (GdkWindow* window = gtk_widget_get_window(win->m_widget))
            monitor = gdk_screen_get_monitor_at_window(screen, window);
        else
            monitor = gdk_screen_get_primary_monitor(screen);
    }
    return monitor;
}
#endif // wxUSE_DISPLAY

wxDisplayImplGTK::wxDisplayImplGTK(unsigned i)
    : base_type(i)
    , m_screen(GetScreen())
{
}

wxRect wxDisplayImplGTK::GetGeometry() const
{
    GdkRectangle rect;
    gdk_screen_get_monitor_geometry(m_screen, m_index, &rect);
    return wxRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
}

wxRect wxDisplayImplGTK::GetClientArea() const
{
    GdkRectangle rect;
    gdk_screen_get_monitor_workarea(m_screen, m_index, &rect);
    return wxRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
}

int wxDisplayImplGTK::GetDepth() const
{
    // TODO: How to get the depth of the specific display?
    return gdk_visual_get_depth(gdk_window_get_visual(wxGetTopLevelGDK()));
}

#if GTK_CHECK_VERSION(3,10,0)
double wxDisplayImplGTK::GetScaleFactor() const
{
    if ( gtk_check_version(3,10,0) == NULL )
        return gdk_screen_get_monitor_scale_factor(m_screen, m_index);

    return 1.0;
}
#endif // GTK+ 3.10

#if wxUSE_DISPLAY
bool wxDisplayImplGTK::IsPrimary() const
{
    return gdk_screen_get_primary_monitor(m_screen) == int(m_index);
}

wxArrayVideoModes wxDisplayImplGTK::GetModes(const wxVideoMode& mode) const
{
    wxArrayVideoModes modes;
#ifdef wxGTK_HAVE_X11_DISPLAY
    if ( wxIsX11GDKScreen(m_screen) )
    {
        Display* display = GDK_DISPLAY_XDISPLAY(gdk_screen_get_display(m_screen));
#ifdef HAVE_X11_EXTENSIONS_XF86VMODE_H
        int nScreen = gdk_x11_screen_get_screen_number(m_screen);
        modes = wxXF86VidMode_GetModes(mode, display, nScreen);
#else
        modes = wxX11_GetModes(this, mode, display);
#endif
    }
#else
    wxUnusedVar(mode);
#endif
    return modes;
}

wxVideoMode wxDisplayImplGTK::GetCurrentMode() const
{
    wxVideoMode mode;
#if defined(wxGTK_HAVE_X11_DISPLAY) && defined(HAVE_X11_EXTENSIONS_XF86VMODE_H)
    if ( wxIsX11GDKScreen(m_screen) )
    {
        Display* display = GDK_DISPLAY_XDISPLAY(gdk_screen_get_display(m_screen));
        int nScreen = gdk_x11_screen_get_screen_number(m_screen);
        mode = wxXF86VidMode_GetCurrentMode(display, nScreen);
    }
#endif
    return mode;
}

bool wxDisplayImplGTK::ChangeMode(const wxVideoMode& mode)
{
    bool success = false;
#if defined(wxGTK_HAVE_X11_DISPLAY) && defined(HAVE_X11_EXTENSIONS_XF86VMODE_H)
    if ( wxIsX11GDKScreen(m_screen) )
    {
        Display* display = GDK_DISPLAY_XDISPLAY(gdk_screen_get_display(m_screen));
        int nScreen = gdk_x11_screen_get_screen_number(m_screen);
        success = wxXF86VidMode_ChangeMode(mode, display, nScreen);
    }
#else
    wxUnusedVar(mode);
#endif
    return success;
}

wxGCC_WARNING_RESTORE()

#endif // wxUSE_DISPLAY

#endif // __WXGTK4__/!__WXGTK4__

#if wxUSE_DISPLAY

wxDisplayFactory* wxDisplay::CreateFactory()
{
    return new wxDisplayFactoryGTK;
}

#else // !wxUSE_DISPLAY

class wxDisplayFactorySingleGTK : public wxDisplayFactorySingle
{
protected:
    virtual wxDisplayImpl *CreateSingleDisplay()
    {
        return new wxDisplayImplGTK(0);
    }
};

wxDisplayFactory* wxDisplay::CreateFactory()
{
    return new wxDisplayFactorySingleGTK;
}

#endif // wxUSE_DISPLAY/!wxUSE_DISPLAY

#endif // !defined(GDK_WINDOWING_WIN32)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Gamezone a new entrant in the online space, designed with a single minded approach of addressing the needs and requirements of all Gamers & PC users with varied interests. This trusted platform brings forth an array of Consoles, Games, PC & Console accessories from the best in class brands.
We commit to deliver the most varied range from all brands and publishers with 100% availability at all times, best possible prices and a service which shall be unmatched.
Enjoy the experience and welcome back at all times!


stampwithamber - Amber Meulenbelt, independant Stampin' Up! demonstrator: Last Chance for Retiring Products!
There are only a few days left to get retiring products from both the 2016-2017 Annual and 2017 Occasions Catalogues. Select retiring products have discounts of up to 50% off - but everything's while supplies last.
You can see the retiring products on the web site, or on the PDF list (note that the PDF was last updated April 13).
One of my favourite tools ever is retiring with this catalogue (namely the Owl Builder Punch), and some newer favourites (Gorgeous Grunge stamp set and the Birthday Fiesta stamp set and bundle - who can resist that llama!). For some inspiration, see some past projects using the Owl Builder Punch.
If these or other retiring items were on your wish list, now's the time to get them before they're gone!


There is only one type of car that you will drive. It has to be a Mazda. You've been a fan for years. You've never been disappointed with any type of Mazda you have owned. You're ready for your next ride. You need a Mazda dealer in Lockport that will provide you with a variety of choices. If you are going to go home with the right car, you need a dealership that is going to deliver.
Before you take your new set of wheels home from your Mazda dealer in Lockport, you need to take the time to see what is waiting for you. You can start with the website to perform a search. This is a good place to start to see if the dealer has what you want on the lot. If it isn't there, you can call before you even drop by. A good dealership will hunt down your ideal vehicle and go get it to make you happy. The best way to whittle down your options is to come to the dealership in person. Walk the lot. See the colors in person. Check out all of the options. Once you know what you want, you can sit down to close the deal.
When you go to Hawk Mazda of Joliet, you will be working with sales representatives who are devoted to customer satisfaction. They'll answer your questions, review your alternatives, and give you a set of keys when you are ready to go for a ride. Visit www.hawkmazda.com today to learn more about what is waiting for you at your preferred Mazda dealership. Your new car will be going home with you sooner than you think.


text:
Update: 'Police Should Not Have Been Called,' Talbots Tells GP Shopper
July 01, 2014, 8:31 AM by Alan Stamm
Detroit attorney Portia Roberson received an apology from Talbots CEO Michael Archbold for her unpleasant experience Sunday at the chain's Grosse Pointe store, a representative of the chain says. The shopper was questioned and searched on her way out of a dressing room after the store manager called police.
WXYZ reporter Kimberly Craig received this statement Monday afternoon from corporate headquarters in Hingham, Mass.:
We take the claims made by Ms. Roberson very seriously and we are currently investigating all aspects of the incident. We acknowledge that the police should not have been called and acknowledge that Ms. Roberson's personal belongings should not have been searched.
This action was contrary to Talbots policies and practices and was an isolated incident that does not reflect the Talbots culture. All customers are welcome in our stores. Our CEO has reached out directly to Ms. Roberson regarding the incident. As stated within the corporate responsibility section on our website, Talbots is committed to operating under the highest ethical standards and we take pride in the way we conduct business.
Monday's original article:
A social media post about a Detroit lawyer's unpleasant suburban shopping experience is framed as a racial profiling example by The Michigan Citizen.
Managing editor Zenobia Jeffries on Monday presents a 16-sentence account by Portia Robertson about her visit to Talbots in Grosse Pointe a day earlier. Roberson, 45, directs the Civil Rights and Justice Division in Detroit's Law Department.
Portia Roberson posts: "My hands were shaking and my voice cracked when speaking." (Facebook photo)
At her Facebook page, visible only to friends, the Wayne State University Law School graduate writes that she entered the Kercheval Avenue store with "a somewhat large bag . . . as well as my purse because I am returning two purchases that I ordered online."
Roberson says she told a clerk that two items for returns were in the bag and that she wanted to look at garments first. She entered a dressing room twice with slacks in different colors, according to her account picked up at the Detroit weekly's website.
I convince myself that I need both pairs (of course) and leave the fitting room to pay for my items and return the others. When I exit the fitting room, I'm confronted by two Grosse Pointe police officers who ask to search my bag and ask me if I have any merchandise in the bag. I tell them to go ahead and search and point out the items and the receipt.
He tells me it is clear that someone made a mistake and then takes my bag to the store manager to point out that everything that I have in my possession, I have purchased.
Jeffries, who doesn't quote Roberson beyond what was posted online, confirmed with police that officers responded to a call from Talbots on Sunday.
In Roberson's semi-public posting, the former Wayne County assistant prosecutor refers indirectly to a possible racial subtext:
The manager's explanation was that she had asked the police to do a walk around the store because it was so busy (four customers, including me). I pointed out to her that after searching me, they left without searching anyone else.
I must tell you that my hands were shaking and my voice cracked when speaking. Honestly, I am still shaken. Today, I received a very harsh reminder and I will be calling corporate headquarters in the morning.
For its part, The Citizen sees the incident unambiguously. Its headline starts with the phrase "Shopping While Black" and says flatly that the Detroit lawyer was "racially profiled in Grosse Pointe."
Read more: WXYZ

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
26 January 2023 Thursday
Home News Headlines
South Korean and Japanese Preachers Deported from China
ADHRRF-In recent years, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) authorities have been constantly increasing the intensity of their crackdown on religious freedom. They often aggressively attack foreign missionaries evangelizing in China, on the grounds of "resisting foreign religious infiltration." As a result, many foreign missionaries have been arrested and forcibly deported by the CCP.
According to informed sources, in late August 2018, two South Korean pastors, Pastor Kim and Pastor Park, arrived in Jilin, China, to visit churches. After their visit ended, Pastor Kim, Pastor Park, and Pastor Choi (who was also conducting missionary work in China) were all arrested at their hotel by local police. The police confiscated the church materials that they were carrying with them, as well as their mobile phones and laptop computers.
The authorities ordered Kim and Park to leave China within three days. Pastor Choi was ordered to leave China in 10 days and prohibited from entering China for five years. It is understood that Pastor Choi had already carried out pastoral work at churches in China for five or six years.
In early June, two Japanese missionaries in Fujian province's Fuzhou city, Kouhei and his wife, were also deported by the authorities. Before being deported, Kouhei and his wife were detained by the police for seven days. After being released, they were directly deported back to Japan by the authorities and also restricted from entering China for five years. They had previously lived in Fuzhou for 12 years.
Bitter Winter has previously reported that the CCP has intensified its repression of South Korean missionary groups and missionaries throughout China, in an attempt to cut off channels for foreign missionary groups to come to China and preach and to stop them from conducting gospel training in China. In this regard, one preacher of a house church in mainland China has said that the CCP made this move because it is afraid that Christians in China will accept from overseas the notion of freedom of religion, as well as to achieve the CCP's goal of "Sinicizing" religions in China.
All the names in the text are pseudonym.
House church、Jilin
Slave Labor in Chinese Jails: CAG Women Prisoners of Conscience Speak
It is not only about Xinjiang camps. Church of Almighty God female members tell how they had to work 13–15 hours per day in "regular" jails. by Yang …
Between January and March 2021, in Jiangsu, Henan, Sichuan, and other provinces, devotees were arrested. Many were tortured. by Wang Yichi "Chair"…
Christian Qin Shiqin Dies from 10-Day Interrogation by Torture After Arrested for Religious Belief
Qin Shiqin, female, born in 1969, was a resident of Yuanhou community in Xifuzhen sub-district of Chengyang district of Qingdao city in the eastern pr…


text:
Here a just a few reasons why the Twin Cities is so awesome, and can be an ideal place for you and your family to live and work:
Minnesota is a great place to succeed
According to an article in The Atlantic, Minneapolis is super rare, because no other city in the world mixes affordability, opportunity and wealth so well as we do. The Twin Cities has the highest employment rate in the nation for young people. It is the headquarters for 19 Fortune 500 companies, from a variety of - more than any other metro it's size.
They write, "the Twin Cities has the highest employment rate for 18-to-34-year-olds in the country." And "Minneapolis–St. Paul is the headquarters for 19 Fortune 500 companies—more than any other metro its size—spanning retail (Target), health care (UnitedHealth), and food (General Mills). In the past 60 years, 40 Minneapolis-based businesses have made it onto Fortune's list. "We're not like Atlanta, where half of its Fortune 500s moved there," Myles Shaver, a professor at the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota, told me. "There is something about Minneapolis that makes us unusually good at building and keeping large companies."
Minnesota is one of the healthiest states in America
USA Today has listed Minnesota as the #1 healthiest state in America, while other lists have Minnesota in the top ten healthiest states in the country. Part of this has to do with obesity rates, the lowest heart-related deaths of any state in America, and more doctors and physicians on-hand than nearly all other states.
Minnesota is Great for Moms and Kids
Forbes ranked Minnesota #1 out of all the cities in the country for working moms, because of safety, health care, pay rate for women, number of overall pediatricians, and the statewide investment in teachers and school systems which makes for a great environment for your children to grow up and have the best chance at life!
Minnesota is the Most Relaxing Place
The Twin Cities is ranked as the most relaxing city in the country by Forbes. Forbes examined top cities in America on several key metrics related to stress, and found the Twin Cities has low unemployment, far less commute traffic than other cities, the vast majority of people in the area exercise regularly (the best workout rate of any city they surveyed), comprehensive medical coverage, and overall health is high.
Minnesota Suburbs are Constantly Featured in the Top Cities to Live in America
When CNN and Time come out with top small cities to live in, the suburbs surrounding Minneapolis and St Paul are repeatedly topping these lists.
Minnesota Gives You a Head Start on a Happier Life
According to Men's Health, the Twin Cities is one of the top possible "blue's proof" cities, where it is difficult to be sad or depressed. This statistical analysis was based on suicide rates, unemployment rates, the percentage of households that use antidepressants, and the number of people who report feeling the blues all or most of the time. It's probably the distinct seasons that give a movement to the rhythms of life, or the sun that shines brightly even on the coldest winter days, or the strong family culture and acclimation to deep friendships, as well as some of the other opportunities already listed that create a higher level of opportunity at succeeding in life.
Minnesota has cool people
It's not just the weather that is cool in Minnesota - the people are too. Buzzfeed ranked Minnesota with the most hipsters, or people with fashion sense and cool attitudes.


text:
Library and Archives Canada acquires rare book once belonging to Adolf Hitler
Today, Library and Archives Canada announced the recent acquisition of a rare 1944 book previously owned by Adolf Hitler.
Wednesday, January 23, 2019—Ottawa, Ontario—Today, Library and Archives Canada announced the recent acquisition of a rare 1944 book previously owned by Adolf Hitler.
The 137-page German language report, Statistik, Presse und Organisationen des Judentums in den Vereinigten Staaten und Kanada (Statistics, Media, and Organizations of Jewry in the United States and Canada), was compiled in 1944 by Heinz Kloss.
The data contained within the book provides details on population statistics in certain cities as well as key organizations and presses of Canadian and American Jewish communities.
This work hints at the story of what might have happened in Canada had the allies lost World War II. It also demonstrates that the Holocaust was not a purely European event, but rather an operation that was stopped before it reached North America. The book adds a great deal of insights worthy of reflection for Canada about World War II, and is an important tool to fight Holocaust denial.
The bookplate bears a stylized eagle, swastika, and the words "EX LIBRIS ADOLF HITLER" indicating it came from Hitler's personal library.
The acquisition of this book highlights our mandate to acquire material that reflects the published record of Canada as well as to preserve the memory of the Holocaust. It is also a way to let us reflect on what would have happened in Canada had the Second World War ended differently.
"It is fundamental for a national institution like Library and Archives Canada—and other memory institutions around the world—to acquire, preserve and make available documents no matter how controversial or contentious they could be. It allows us to educate and to advocate for the most complete historical record possible. The truth of history is woven from many sources, and it is only when history is presented in its entirety that it can support the free exchange of ideas that lies at the heart of a democratic society."
Guy Berthiaume, Librarian and Archivist of Canada
"This invaluable report offers a documented confirmation of the fears felt so acutely and expressed by so many Canadian Jews during the Second World War: that the Nazis would land on our shores and with them, the annihilation of Jewish life here. While these fears may seem unfounded given the geographic distance of Nazi Europe to Canada, this handbook offering detailed statistics of Jewish populations across North America underlines their nightmarish potential."
Rebecca Margolis, Professor, Department of Modern Languages and Literatures and Vered Jewish Canadian Studies Program, University of Ottawa, and President, Association for Canadian Jewish Studies
The book is written in German, though many names are in English.
The author of this book, Heinz Kloss, was a noted German linguist whose specializations included German speakers living in the United States.
Kloss visited the United States in 1936–1937.
Kloss had contacts amongst Nazi sympathizers in the United States.
Kloss was responsible for producing official and scholarly information used by the Nazi regime.
Kloss was the head of the Publikationsstelle Stuttgart-Hamburg that dealt with research on nationality issues, particularly in the United States.
This book was part of a confidential series and was for official use only.
The owner of this book, Adolph Hitler, was a prolific reader and book collector. Although his collection was never inventoried, reports estimate the number of books to have been between 6,000 and 16,000.
This book was likely brought to the United States as a war souvenir, as thousands were taken by American soldiers from the Nazi leader's alpine retreat outside Berchtesgaden in the spring of 1945.
We acquired the book from a reputable Judaica dealer who had obtained it as part of a collection owned by a Holocaust survivor.
Other libraries in North America with books once owned by Hitler include the Library of Congress and Brown University Library.
The book will be preserved in the Jacob M. Lowy Collection where other important items related to Holocaust remembrance reside.
Library and Archives Canada hopes that this book becomes a tool for Holocaust remembrance and for fighting Holocaust denial.
A recent American study suggested that two-thirds of American millennials could not identify what Auschwitz was and that 22% of American millennials have not heard of the Holocaust or were not sure if they had heard of it. These statistics reaffirm the importance of preserving the memory of the Holocaust.
International Holocaust Remembrance Day event
Attention media : contact Richard Provencher for a link to video footage of a conservator handling the book.
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Main — News - 2 March 2017, 20:42
COREPER confirms visa liberalization for Ukrainians
The regulation will be submitted to the European Parliament.
Photo: depositphotos.com/Rashevskiy
On 2 March 2017, EU ambassadors confirmed, on behalf of the Council, the informal agreement reached on 28 February 2017 between the Maltese Presidency and the European Parliament on visa liberalisation for Ukrainians, the press service of the Council of EU has said in a statement.
The agreement provides for visa-free travel for Ukrainian citizens when travelling to the EU for a period of stay of 90 days in any 180-day period.
"We have demonstrated our strong commitment to visa-free travel for Ukranian citizens, now that Ukraine has met the necessary conditions for a visa free regime. The reform of the suspension mechanism adopted on 27 February enabled us to finalise this agreement," Carmelo Abela, Maltese Minister for Home Affairs and National Security, said.
Now that the agreement has been confirmed by EU ambassadors, on behalf of the Council, the regulation will be submitted to the European Parliament for a vote at first reading, and subsequently to the Council for adoption.
Tags: visa liberalization
Zelenskyy again urges the EU to introduce "visa solutions" for Russian citizens
Fiscal chief's heart attack reportedly not confirmed
The health condition of State Fiscal Service Roman Nasirov allows him to be transported to court which will choose a measure of restraint for him. According to ZN.ua, detectives of…
Odesa customs ex-chief complains about search
The Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) and the Prosecutor-General's Office (PGO) are trying to search a flat of the former head of the Odesa customs, Yuliya Marushevska. "Employees…
Militants use Grads in Mariupol sector
One Ukrainian serviceman has been killed and eight wounded as a result of 78 shooting attacks by pro-Russian militants since the start of the day, the antiterrorist operation (ATO…
Avdiyivka pounded by militant tanks
The frontline town of Avdiyivka (Avdiivka) in Donetsk Region has come under tank fire opened by pro-Russian militants, the antiterrorist operation (ATO) HQ has said on Facebook. "As…
Donetsk water filtering station cleared of mines
Engineers have demined the Donetsk filtering station which supplies water to Avdiyivka (Avdiivka) and a number of other locations on both sides of the front line, the Ministry for…
Seizure of Ukraine assets another proof of Russian occupation - president
Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko has said the seizure by Russia of Ukrainian assets in Donbas is another evidence of Russian occupation of the east of Ukraine, according to UNIAN…
Donbas militants seize control of 40 Ukrainian enterprises
The self-proclaimed leader of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic (DPR), Oleksandr Zakharchenko, has said the militants seized some 40 enterprises in the occupied territory…
Avdiyivka has enough water for two days – governor
Avdiyivka has enough water in stock for two days, the head of the Donetsk regional military-civil administration, Pavlo Zhebrivskyy, has said on the air of the rolling-news 112 Ukrayina…
Sasha Demchenko
Ukraine on arms market: reality and myths
The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) on 19 February published a report on arms transfers on the global market. Its rating puts Ukraine among the world's top-10…
One Ukrainian serviceman killed, one wounded in east
One Ukrainian serviceman has been killed and one wounded in the antiterrorist operation (ATO) area since the start of the day, the ATO HQ said in its evening update on Facebook. …
Day of Crimea's Resistance to Russian Occupation marked in Kyiv
A march and a rally on the occasion of Dat of Crimea's Resistance to Russian Occupation have been held in central Kyiv, according to an LB.ua correspondent. People walked from Heavenly…
Special police deployed to de-energized Avdiyivka
The special unit of the KORD operative rapid action corps of the Donetsk regional police has arrived in the front-line town of Avdiyivka, regional police chief Vyacheslav Abroskin…
Ukraine not to hold direct talks with militants – deputy speaker
Despite various attempts to push Ukraine to legitimise Donbas militants, it will neither bow nor hold direct negotiations with them, Ukraine's humanitarian envoy to the trilateral…
Savchenko publishes list of prisoners she met in Donbas
MP Nadiya Savchenko has published on Facebook the list of Ukrainian prisoners whom she visited in militant-held areas of Donetsk Region. "I managed to see our imprisoned guys. They…
No Ukrainian troops killed, 16 hurt in Donbas
No Ukrainian servicemen were killed but 16 were wounded and injured in the antiterrorist operation (ATO) area on 24 February, the Defence Ministry's spokesperson for ATO issues, Andriy…


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John Delaney's plan for National Service
Home » John's Vision for America » National Service
John Delaney is running for president to bring the country together and implement policies that work towards the common good.
To help bring people from different backgrounds together, he is proposing a national service program to provide opportunities for young people to give back to their country and to meet and work with people from all backgrounds.
Young people would have four options to participate in national service:
Infrastructure apprenticeships
The program would create three new ways for young people to serve their country, in addition to military service, which would continue as it exists for those choosing to serve their country in uniform.
Community Service would operate similarly to AmeriCorps or The Peace Corps.
An example of community service could include a Generations United plan which partners the volunteers with the elderly to teach technological proficiency.
The government would enter into public/private partnerships with private companies and trade unions to offer infrastructure apprenticeships.
Private companies would be awarded contracts to undertake projects such as improving public parks or renovating federal buildings to make them environmentally green.
Trade unions will be utilized as the programs can leverage the successful apprenticeship model used by the trade unions.
Those who complete the apprenticeships would receive a professional certificate proving mastery of particular skill sets.
To implement infrastructure apprenticeships, all federal contractors would be required to design and implement an apprentice program
Encourage other companies to do their patriotic duty and follow suit, perhaps using a model that's been tremendously successful in Switzerland, where companies pay students to work as part-time apprentices
To fight climate change, volunteers would assist in clean energy projects, including solar installation, improving building efficiency, developing community gardens, and increasing awareness about sustainable practices
Provide information and support to families about sustainability, energy efficiency, and renewable energy
Volunteers would be stationed in rural and low-income areas to assist communities' transition to a green economy and invest in environmentally friendly projects
Learn skills to be used for future jobs
Brings people together
Boost for local infrastructure, conservation, and community projects
Sense of service and patriotism
Incentives for young people to sign up
People who complete the program will receive a National Service Scholarship.
The program would be marketed to high school graduates as an opportunity to serve their country, travel, and get paid while learning a skill.
Download our National Service Plan pdf
Delaney Announces National Service and Climate Corps Plan in New Hampshire — April 14, 2019


2015 will be the Year of Way Too Much They Might Be Giants*, as the band has announced no fewer than three new records, beginning with Glean on April 21, plus a nationwide tour, monthly shows at the Music Hall of Williamsburg in Brooklyn, and a new Dial-A-Song ditty each month through the end of the year! For those of us who can remember the dark, quiet days of the late 1990's, this is a bonanza.
In honor of what might be the biggest year [see what I did there?] in the band's recent history, I have decided to post a countdown of my favorite TMBG tracks, spanning the band's long history. At first this was to be a top-20, but when that cut felt too difficult I decided on a top 26, which will take us through the end of April. Everything the band has recorded is fair game, excluding the new Dial-A-Song entries, which I haven't absorbed enough yet to include in my rankings.
* Just kidding, there's no such thing.
Patrick Keelty is my brother, and has been following They Might Be Giants since around the time I first brought home Flood. His comments will likely focus on mocking me.
As for me? I discovered TMBG at my CTY summer nerd camp in 1991, when tracks from Flood were in regular rotation at our weekend dances. Yes, you read that right–nerd camp had dances, and they played They Might Be Giants. This was only a few months after the famous Tiny Tunes Adventures episode, that introduced so many kids to TMBG and which I later caught in reruns. My first live show wasn't until ten years later, at the Electric Factory in November of 2001. Afroman and the Moldy Peaches opened. It was quite a night.
We'll start the countdown tomorrow, revealing one ranking each day through the end of April. You can bookmark this page, which will be updated with the full listings as they are announced.
One last note of gratitude to This Might Be a Wiki, which is an invaluable source for creating a list like this one, and has served me well for years when I wanted to learn more about TMBG songs, various fan interpretations, and chord structures–as well as keep track of what concerts I attended and when. If you're a fan and you haven't been over there, I highly recommend it.


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A friend sent me a link to an interview that David Lombardo did with Robert Freeman, executive director of the New York State Committee on Open Government.
David Lombardo is the son of Barbara Lombardo who recently retired as editor of the Saratogian. Mr. Lombardo worked for the Daily Gazette newspaper some years ago and part of his beat was Saratoga Springs. He was an excellent reporter.
Robert "Bob" Feeman is my hero. He has worked in his current job for over forty years. I believe he retired briefly but returned to the job. Consistent with the mission of his office he is extraordinarily accessible. On a number of occasions he answered the phone himself when I called his agency. He was like having your own lawyer. On occasion, when I asked about the accessibility of a document under the Freedom Of Information Law he would offer advice as to how to make the request so that it fit within the law. In an age in which government institutions have become increasingly hostile to requests for information, it is quite amazing that Mr. Freeman has survived. I expect it is because, aside from being a person committed to the mission of his organization, he is a very good lawyer.
My hero, too! He is a treasure of wisdom, common sense and legal scholarship.


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That was quick: Texas moves ahead with discriminatory voting laws
If it hadn't been for Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, Victoria and Nicole Rodriguez likely would have been unable to vote last year in their first
June 25, 2013, 8:15 PM UTC / Updated June 25, 2013, 8:15 PM UTC
By Zachary Roth
If it hadn't been for Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, Victoria and Nicole Rodriguez likely would have been unable to vote last year in their first election since turning 18. And State Senator Wendy Davis would have been torn away from the black and Hispanic voters to whom she gave a voice.
Now that the Supreme Court has essentially invalidated Section 5, those dangers have re-emerged.
In a statement issued hours after the ruling was announced, Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott confirmed that thanks to the court's decision, the state's controversial voter ID law "will go into immediate effect," and added that the redistricting plan that eviscerated Wendy Davis's district "may also take effect without approval from the federal government."
The lead sponsor of a proposed voter ID law in North Carolina also said he'd move ahead with the measure as a result of the ruling.
Texas's voter ID law, passed in 2011, was so strict that Attorney General Eric Holder called it a "poll tax." The Rodriguez sisters, Mexican-American college students from San Antonio who don't drive and lack any of the other forms of ID allowed by the law, challenged the measure in court. Finding that it intentionally discriminated against the state's black and Hispanic voters, who are more likely than whites to lack an ID, a court struck down the law under Section 5—ensuring that Victoria and Nicole could vote for the first time.
As for Davis, she and other lawmakers representing minorities were kept out of the loop by Texas's Republican leaders when they drew up new legislative maps in 2011. Under the GOP plan, many of the black and Hispanic voters in Davis's Fort Worth district—whose interests she'd fought for on issues from school funding to healthcare to economic development—were removed and put in majority white districts (see map below).
TARRANT_2
Minority voters, Davis told msnbc in April, "were being separated very purposely from each other—and therefore from the power to ever express their preference at the ballot box again."
Again thanks to Section 5, the plan was blocked by a federal court. And again, the change was found to have deliberately discriminated against minority voters, by reducing their ability to elect a candidate of their choice.
With the plan blocked, Davis narrowly won re-election under the old district lines last year. But she's up for re-election again in 2014, and if the GOP redistricting plan goes into effect as Texas hopes, she'll face a far tougher re-election fight this time.
Voting-rights advocates say Texas may be over-confident in suggesting that the ID law and the redistricting plan are now back in business. Nina Perales, the top lawyer for the Mexican-American Legal Defense and Education Fund, which fought both measures in court, told reporters Tuesday that both may run afoul of other parts of the Voting Rights Act that are still standing.
Still, those working to protect voting rights concede that, in general, recent measures blocked by Section 5 now stand far more chance of going into effect. The court's ruling, they fear, could apply retroactively to some changes already stopped.
"I think jurisdictions can certainly make the argument that since the coverage formula was unconstitutional, those objections were unconstitutional," Laughlin McDonald of the ACLU acknowledged to reporters Tuesday, referring to the process by which the Justice Department and the courts blocked election changes.
McDonald said that's also true of voting changes that are currently waiting for approval from the courts or the Justice Department. "There'd be a very strong argument that they could go into effect, because Section 5 no longer applies," McDonald said.
South Carolina, whose strict voter ID law was softened thanks to concerns over its ability to pass muster under Section 5, cheered the Supreme Court's ruling. "Today's decision means the voting rights of all citizens will continue to be protected under the Voting Rights Act without requiring a different formula for states wishing to implement reasonable election reforms, such as voter ID laws similar to South Carolina's," Attorney General Alan Wilson said in a statement.
Without Section 5, the Voting Rights Act still blocks deliberate racial discrimination in voting, through Section 2, which stands. But Section 2 is a far weaker tool than Section 5, because it puts the burden of proof on the victim, requiring them to bring lengthy and costly litigation, and because it doesn't require jurisdictions to have changes "pre-cleared," automatically bringing them to the attention of the Justice Department. That means that many local election changes will likely fly under the radar of the federal government or voting rights groups who might challenge them.


3,386: the number of pages I hauled about with me on my first day in Cambridge this past week; the sum total of papers that I stored in my bag from earliest morning.
I boldly set out for the thrift stores just as soon as the doors were opened and the streets began to enliven a little.
Until late that same evening I carried 3,386 pages on my back like a triumphant snail proud of its burden. Truth be told, I felt no pain, no weight, just a brimming happiness that I had achieved what I set out to do: I had found nuggets of literary gold among the grimy bookshelves.
I suppose, on reflection, that I was much like the parents who I passed on the streets, the ones who carried small children in their arms: when something is so precious and sought-after, the physical weight is hardly noticed, and instead transcends to a warm glow of achievement and comfort.
Delighted at my excursion to the thrift stores, and aware all the day long of what I had found there, I was nonetheless continually astonished to note the volume of the books when I reached home and spilled each day's delving onto the carpet; by the close of the week it had surpassed twelve pounds.
What follows is an offering of the first lines from each individual book I found during the week.
'Stop here,' said Anatoly Pavlovich Sukhanov from the back seat, addressing the pair of suede gloves on the steering wheel. The white and yellow columns outside his window ceased their tiresome flashing, began to slow down, and in another moment fell obediently into their assigned places. A pale orange tentacle of a nearby street lamp pierced the plush darkness around him, and Nina, who had been silent the whole way, stirred as if waking.
On an exceptionally hot evening early in July a young man came out of the garret in which he lodged in S. Place and walked slowly, as though in hesitation, towards K. Bridge. He had successfully avoided meeting his landlady on the staircase.
The net was green. The handle was wood, and the grip was uncomfortably thick, like that of a tennis racket borrowed from an older player. The mesh bag was long enough that if we caught a tiger swallowtail- or a spicebush swallowtail, or a mourning cloak, or a European cabbage, or a common sulphur, or a red admiral, or a painted lady, or a monarch, or a viceroy- we could, with a twist of the wrist, flip its tapered tip over the wire rim and trap the butterfly inside.
For me it did not begin with the horses. They came later, after a phone call and a simple statement of fact: your mother has cancer.
It is a winter's night in 1936 in Halifax, Nova Scotia. A small boy is being read to. He is warm from a hot bath, wearing striped flannel pyjamas and a thick woolen dressing gown with a tasselled cord.
Estragon, sitting on a low mound, is trying to take off his boot. He pulls at it with both hands, panting. He gives up, exhausted, rests, tries again. As before.
This isn't at all what I expected. In 1985, by some sort of journalistic accident, I was sent to Madagascar with Mark Carwardine to look for an almost extinct form of lemur called the aye-aye. None of the three of us had met before. I had never met Mark, Mark had never met me, and no one, apparently, had seen an aye-aye in years.
I don't remember when I first noticed it. I'd be standing at a tram stop waiting for a tram, staring at the map of the city in the glass case, at the colour-coded buses and tram routes that I didn't understand and that were of little or no interest to me at the time, standing there without a thought in the world when suddenly, out of the blue, I'd be overcome by a desire to bash my head into the glass and do myself harm.
In the winter of 1916-17, in Vienna and other cities, a 'new' illness suddenly appeared, and rapidly spread, over the next three years, to become world-wide in its distribution. Manifestations of the sleeping-sickness were so varied that n two patients ever presented exactly the same picture, and so strange as to call forth from physicians such diagnoses as epidemic delirium, epidemic schizophrenia, epidemic Parkinsonism, epidemic disseminated sclerosis, atypical rabies, atypical poliomyelitis, etc., etc.
It began with Christopher Columbus, who gave the people the name Indios. Those Europeans, the white men, spoke in different dialects, and some pronounced the word Indien, or Indianer, or Indian.
Among the many dangers of being an obsessive reader is that you tend to mediate your life through books, filter your experiences through plots, so that the boundary between fiction and fact become porous.
Beware thoughts that come in the night. They aren't tuned properly; they come in askew, free of sense and restriction, deriving from the most remote of sources.
Once there was a tree... and she loved a little boy.
If an unhappy childhood is indispensable for a writer, I am ill-equipped: I missed out on all that and was neither deprived nor unloved. It would be inaccurate, however, to say that my childhood was untroubled.
oh what yummy books you have to look forward to. It must have been like a treasure hunt. I'm glad you enjoyed the week.
that's an interesting selection... have fun with these books!
Beth, it will probably take me years to read them all but I'll have fun doing it!
Barb, my feet are sore- even now. I'm not quite back to normal yet, very tired indeed. I'll catch up on my regular blog reading shortly.
Texican, I walked miles, and I'm too tired to go to the gym anyway :) I'll stay home and read. The personal trainer, like you said, can have a vacation.
Polona, the only link between the books is that I bought them all- otherwise they're diverse and strangely mixed! I'm sure to have fun.
Sounds like you came away with literary gold. Fascination post of the first lines of books. Something I hadn't thought about. Just reading them teases me and makes me want to read further, but then isn't that what good writers do with first lines and first chapters. Thanks for sharing these with us.
Steve, I was going to choose my favourite lines- but I haven't read the books so that might take understandably take years to accomplish :) So I thought I'd work with first lines; they're not all as intriguing as others but just a glimpse of the variety is sometimes nice and it was a good formula to stick to.
Some of these titles sound intriquing...right from the very first line.
You are going to be busy! What wonderful treasures you found.


I looked it up. Belarusian for aunt is ciotka. So it's close. I know that whatever my grandmother spoke was not quite Belarusian. And maybe White Russian is not the right name either. Her name was Wojciechowski so I feel sure she was Polish -- and her immigration paperwork says Poland. But I know she didn't speak straight Polish because she was not fully accepted by the Polish community in her area due to her dialect -- and that was definitely a sour point for her. She felt shunned and embarrassed. She was also not educated. She only made it to 6th grade (in the US -- she had no school in Poland). Her family was very poor so it is possible that she spoke a dialect only used by the lower class -- which might explain her perceived shunning. I don't really know. It is interesting that someone else who was from a similar place in PA used the same words that my family uses -- lacking the a's -- for aunt and grandmother. For paternal grandmother we say Babka. I don't know what it is -- not quite Polish, not quite Belarusian. Something similar. My father's father was Polish. My father never new his grandfathers, but he spoke only Polish to his paternal grandmother. My father's mother was Ukrainian. And my father spoke only Ukrainian to his maternal grandmother. His grandmothers could not (and would not) speak to each other. Now he only speaks English. He lost both languages when he lost his grandmothers. Pretty sad. But I notice that he can still say mass in Ukrainian when we go back to PA and attend the Ukrainian Catholic church -- which is not often at all -- but he grew up in that church until he was 17. My maternal grandmother (babci) always referred to my father as "the Russian" -- even though he is really 1/2 Ukrainian and 1/2 Polish. Strange. When I try to ask my father what language my mother's family spoke, all he can say is "some form of Polish". My father's family has only ever used English words with us. I guess the whole Ukrainian / Polish mix was a divide in the family so they spoke only English after the grandmothers passed.
I'm from up the line a bit, Dupont, and Babci and Cioci were the normal forms among third generation kids grandmother and aunt there, including in my family. All of my grandparents spoke proper standard Polish, so it probably has nothing to do with the variety of Polish the grandparents spoke, but is more likely a matter of regional expression originating in the States.
But Slavic languages are similar.
I think the key word here is 'ruski' in Polish which isn't only Russian but Ruthenian and that may also indicate Ukrainians and Belarusians.
I guess your Polish family came from Kresy.
Wondering whether the "Huzulen" are identical to the Ruthenians.
Hutsuls are a subgroup of Ruthenians. Not all Ruthenians are Hutsuls, though. Lemkos and Boikos are two other larger subgroups of Ruthenians.
Wow! I found this thread while trying to research "correct" spelling of Polish terms for relatives. Both pairs of my grandparents, as well as my husband's grandparents, immigrated from different areas of Poland at the beginning of the 1900s, settling in Polish communities in NH and MA. I grew up in a household where my parents spoke Polish when they didn't want the kids to know what they were talking about, while my husband spoke only Polish until he started school. I can say prayers and swears, ask for bread, a kiss, slippers in Polish (I'm hoping I might get by in Poland!) and I refused to let my children's heritage escape them.
The human factor: 2 adolescent brothers from Poland arrive together in Ellis Island after a long and cramped overseas voyage, and they are "next in line" as they pass through immigration together. But they are sent to 2 different immigration officials to speed up the line, and end up back together with two different spellings of their last name: 3 different letters change that same name and pronunciation from that moment on. They were my great-uncles.
I'm not going to touch religion in Polish Heritage, though it does bear mentioning: Roman Catholic, Polish National Catholic, Protestant, or Jewish. It breaks my heart when people fight over the same one true Judeo-Christian God, when it's just really man-made rules that they disagree upon. I do not question a person's faith, as that is between them and God.
And let''s not forget the campfire story that changes from the original after much repeating.
My family calls my husband's aunts Choçia, my aunts Choçi, and while my sister's children call me Auntie, my brother's children call me Choch (a lovingly abbreviated form of Choçi). Our proudly Polish family does it's best to honor and pass down what's left in our heritage, traditions, and our loved ones. I'll consult a Polish/English dictionary when I need the "proper" translation and spelling of a word.
Aunt is ciocia in polish. Choci sounds more like some dialect maybe goralski.


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Brothers and Sisters founder Andy Fowler picks his Desert Island Ads
Posted by: Staff in Advertisers, Agencies, Creative, Media, News July 28, 2014	Comments Off on Brothers and Sisters founder Andy Fowler picks his Desert Island Ads
Andy Fowler (left) is ECD of independent London agency Brothers and Sisters. He founded the agency in 2006 after leaving TV company BSkyB where he was creative director. Brothers and Sisters now employs over 60 people in Clerkenwell handling accounts including Sky, the UK's biggest, Blu e-cigarettes and new win Betfred. It recently hired former BETC London co-founder Matthew Charlton as CEO. Among its best-known work is the Streetmuseum app for the Museum of London.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OV9WBs9xai4
My 80s West Midlands world was football and bikes and more football.
Nik Kershaw was on the record player.
Birmingham City were in slow and painful decline.
Teenage girls rode horses on the farm next door.
Carling Black label ads were in my universe.
They weren't ads. They were entertainment events.
The John Lewis ads of their day.
But bigger, bolder, more outrageous and provocative.
Two British working class blokes watching something extraordinary unfold before their eyes and observing 'I bet he drinks Carling Black Label.'
My true love of ads came much later. From a bunch of music video and commercial directors in the mid-90s who pretty much mastered short form.
Glazer and Cunningham and Gondry.
If hip-hop took the best bit of a music track and looped it over and over to create something fresh, these directors took a similar approach to film.
Inspired by cinema they told intense stories in 90 seconds.
Emotional, witty, captivating, ambitious, groundbreaking.
Glazer's 'Ride' for Wrangler was one of the best.
They also taught me about the importance of music.
As a music video fanatic, I worship at the altar of music and pictures in tandem.
Great alone. Magical together when least expected.
Here's another cracking example.
From a time when ads were becoming so huge they might swallow the universe whole.
Playstation II 'Mountain' Frank Budgen
When I think of characters, there's one that makes me smile.
I'm a sucker for a repetitive beat as someone who turned 18 in 1990.
Flat Eric. Says nothing. Nods a lot. Rides in an open top car with his Sta-prest mate.
It's amazing how simple cool can be. It's effortless.
Levi's 'Flat Eric'
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdyaAIrCGss
Now let's get funny.
For me Super Noodles and John Smiths are the two most successful comedy brands of the past 20 years.
Super Noodles for originality and sheer silliness.
Super Noodles 'Face Off' Mother London
John Smiths for hilariously exposing the Northern English characteristic of unknowing bluntness.
John Smiths 'Claire from work'
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RS4Z61TpCyI
Moving closer to the here and now, I've picked three ads that set the standard, that inspire me and remind me of what is possible.
Stories don't come any sharper than this one.
A young lad, a bit like my Star Wars obsessed 5-year-old, plays Darth Vader around the home.
In his mind, in his game his power is immense.
And suddenly his power breaks through to the real world.
And it blows his mind.
I could watch it all day.
VW 'Darth Vader'
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R55e-uHQna0
Brands have tapped into the rebellion of the teenage years since the word teenage was invented.
Levi's have always done it.
But modern rebellion has a purpose.
It rebels against the system, against globalisation, against the control of the man.
I love the way this campaign summons up the ghosts of America's forgotten past.
Levi's 'Go Forth' Wieden+Kennedy Portland
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KT16DcHcjRA
And finally, it may be predictable but I don't remember any other ad having as deep an emotional effect on people as this one.
It's the most profoundly human work you could ever imagine.
Dougal Wilson's interpretation of the idea is a genuine piece of art.
And yet again it wouldn't be anything without the choice of music.
John Lewis 'Woman'
Eric Cantona's Channel promise for Kronenbourg
Brothers and Sisters rolls out Carphone Warehouse Keith Lemon series
Will London wins c2c London rail account
Clare Styles of Brand Union picks her Desert Island Ads
23red's Sean Kinmont picks his 'art of copywriting' Desert Island Ads
SuperHero Niek Eijsbouts picks his Desert Island Ads
advertising brothers and sisters featured	2014-07-28


Urgency solved efficiently is more than a slogan at Handy Can, it's a mantra that guides our commitment to efficiently providing high-quality portable restrooms to customers across Florida.
Our goal is to deliver clean, dependable restrooms wherever they're needed, so that customers, their clients, and their employees, can take care of business while remaining focused on the task at hand.
That begins with our staff of dedicated scheduling and delivery specialists, and continues with our maintenance and pick-up professionals. Each member of the Handy Can team is trained in sanitation compliance for various industries — including construction and agriculture — and understands professionalism is key, even in the commodities business.
We also understand the value of innovation, which is why we've expanded services beyond porta-potties, to include portable sinks, and modern, mobile restroom trailers. Our industry-leading GPS scanning technology and catch trays under porta-potty units further ensure quality and simplify audits for customers who must demonstrate sanitation compliance.
We've served Floridians' short- and long-term sanitation needs for nearly a decade, obsessing over dependability, efficiency and cleanliness, so customers don't have to.
At construction sites, farms, concerts, festivals and more, we fixate on cleanliness, dependability and efficiency … so you don't have to.


text:
Application to Manage and Conduct a Lottery Scheme
https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/forms/application_to_manage_and_conduct_lottery_scheme.pdf
Lottery Application P.O. Box 2000, Charlottetown, P.E.I. ClA 7N8 Telephone: (902) 368-4550 or Toll-free 1-800-658-1799 Application to Manage and Conduct a Lottery Scheme (We request that Applications be received at least...
EMO Training Application Form
https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/forms/emo_application_form2.pdf
New Course Application Form 2016.pdf Prince Edward Island Emergency Measures Organization Course Application Course Application Information Course Name: Course Date: Personal Information Name First: Last: City/Town/Community: Province...
911 Civic Address Application Form
https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/publications/civic_address_application.pdf
911 Emergency Response System "We Can't Help You If We Can't Find You ! " Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 APPLICATION FOR A CIVIC ADDRESS PEI 9-1-1 is an enhanced Emergency Response System that will automatically identify the location and telephone...
Application for a Private Investigators Business License
https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/forms/private_invest_bus_app_0.pdf
Province of Prince Edward Island Private Investigators and Security Guards Act R.S.P.E.I. 1988, Cap. P-20 Application for a Private Investigators Business License Include with application: 1. License fee: $200 - Make cheque payable to the...
Application for a Security Guard Business License
https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/forms/security_guard_bus_app.pdf
Province of Prince Edward Island Private Investigators and Security Guards Act R.S.P.E.I. 1988, Cap. P-20 Application for a Security Guard Business License Include with application: 1. License fee: $200 - Make cheque payable to the Minister...
Collection Agency License Application Form
https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/forms/collection_agency_application.pdf
Microsoft Word - Collection Agency Application.docx Consumer Services Section Department of Justice and Public Safety Province of Prince Edward Island P.O. Box 2000 Charlottetown, P.E.I. ClA 7N8 Telephone: 902-368-4550 or 1-800-658-1799...
Collector's License Application Form
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Consumer Reporting Agency Application Form
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Direct Sellers Salesperson's Application Form
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Microsoft Word - Direct Sellers Salesperson Application_1.docx Consumer Services Section Department of Justice and Public Safety Province of Prince Edward Island P.O. Box 2000 Charlottetown, P.E.I. ClA 7N8 Telephone: 902-368-4550 or 1-800-...
Direct Sellers Vendor's License Application Form
https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/forms/direct_sellers_vendors_application.pdf
Microsoft Word - Direct Sellers Vendors Application_1.docx Consumer Services Section Department of Justice and Public Safety Province of Prince Edward Island P.O. Box 2000 Charlottetown, P.E.I. ClA 7N8 Telephone: 902-368-4550 or 1-800-658-1799...
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text:
Somebody paid $2,000 for an early copy of No Man's Sky
By Connor Sheridan 2016-07-29T16:24:59.21Z News
No Man's Sky is just 11 days away (or 12 in the UK), but that was still too long for one eager eBayer. An alleged early copy of the game sold for $2,000 (not counting shipping) on the online auction site, meaning whoever won the auction paid roughly $175 for each day of early access. And that's assuming it arrived today.
The seller claims to have opened and tested the game ahead of time, saying it all checks out. Pictures on the listing show the box both closed and opened and the PS4 UI with the disc apparently loaded in and ready to go. That said, it's really weird that the glossy paper slip in the manual slot has the old release date for the game (June 21, 2016), let alone any release date at all, and a "Rating Pending" marker from the ESRB. It's clearly just an old poster.
And why is every single piece of art - front cover, inside cover, paper slip, disc - that one illustration of a pilot looking up at a glowing crystal thingy? It all seems a little off to me, though I hope for the buyer's sake that this is indeed a legitimate copy that just happened to fall off the back of a proverbial truck. It does look more official than the actual "gone gold" disc from Hello Games.
Assuming it really is an early copy of No Man's Sky, it should work fine since the game can be played offline. It would take some serious guts for the buyer to connect online and start adding planet and species names to the big database before everyone else. As for us folks who don't have $2,000 to spare on shady eBay listings, we can always watch those Explore, Fight, Trade, and Survive videos again and sigh longingly.
Seen something newsworthy? Tell us!


Welcome to Roxy's Best Of… Plainfield, NJ, one of the first Roxy blogs not written by Roxy. I'd like to introduce you to Henson Ray, best known in and around the blogosphere for his blog, Henson's Hell. Henson is an incredibly talented writer who makes me laugh on an almost daily basis. In addition, Henson has written a web serial entitled "It Happened in Plainfield" – that follows the adventures of quirky NYC graphic designer Henson Ray, who moves to Plainfield, New Jersey after he receives an unusual offer from a mysterious benefactress. But life in the suburbs is anything but dull, as Henson soon finds himself embroiled in a real-life mystery involving famous celebrities, peculiar neighbors, RAMBO parties, and a secret society bent on his destruction.


Camera are essential items for the trip.
The trip starts anywhere between 6.00 and 12.00 in the morning from Kleinbaai harbour, which is a short drive from the village of Gansbaai and 2h30 hours from Cape Town in South Africa.
encourages seasickness) is served before the trip.
fruit, chips and snacks is available on the boat.
A certificate with substantial shark info will be handed to each participant on completion of the trip.


text:
SEE WHAT I HAVE DONE
Sarah Schmidt
In this riveting debut novel, See What I Have Done, Sarah Schmidt recasts one of the most fascinating murder cases of all time into an intimate story of a volatile household and a family devoid of love. On the morning of August 4, 1892, Lizzie Borden calls out to her maid: Someone's killed Father. The brutal ax-murder of Andrew and Abby Borden in their home in Fall River, Massachusetts, leaves little evidence and many unanswered questions. While neighbors struggle to understand why anyone would want to harm the respected Bordens, those close to the family have a different tale to tell—of a father with an explosive temper;
In this riveting debut novel, See What I Have Done, Sarah Schmidt recasts one of the most fascinating murder cases of all time into an intimate story of a volatile household and a family devoid of love. On the morning of August 4, 1892, Lizzie Borden calls out to her maid: Someone's killed Father. The brutal ax-murder of Andrew and Abby Borden in their home in Fall River, Massachusetts, leaves little evidence and many unanswered questions. While neighbors struggle to understand why anyone would want to harm the respected Bordens, those close to the family have a different tale to tell—of a father with an explosive temper; a spiteful stepmother; and two spinster sisters, with a bond even stronger than blood, desperate for their independence.
As the police search for clues, Emma comforts an increasingly distraught Lizzie whose memories of that morning flash in scattered fragments. Had she been in the barn or the pear arbor to escape the stifling heat of the house? When did she last speak to her stepmother? Were they really gone and would everything be better now? Shifting among the perspectives of the unreliable Lizzie, her older sister Emma, the housemaid Bridget, and the enigmatic stranger Benjamin, the events of that fateful day are slowly revealed through a high-wire feat of storytelling.
less …
Grove Atlantic
About Sarah Schmidt
Sarah Schmidt works as a reading and literacy coordinator at a regional public library. See What I Have Done is her first novel. She lives in Melbourne, Australia.
A National Bestseller
"A bloody good read . . . A taut, lyrical account of the destruction of the Borden family . . . brings to mind Shirley Jackson's We Have Always Lived in the Castle. Everything about Schmidt's novel is hauntingly, beautifully off."—USA Today
"Schmidt has created a lurid and original work of horror."—New York Times Book Review
"A prickly, unsettling wonder: a story so tactile and feverishly surreal it feels like a sort of reverse haunting . . . As much as See What I Have Done is Borden's story, it's also an unvarnished glimpse of what it means to be female, in ways not strictly confined to the late 19th century."—Entertainment Weekly
1. The novel opens with an excerpt from a poem by Emily Dickinson: "We outgrow love like other things / And put it in a drawer." Do you agree with this idea? Why, or why not? How does it help to shape the story? Why do Schmidt's characters outgrow love, and how do they handle that loss?
2. We're first introduced to Lizzie with an excerpt from her real-life inquest testimony. Talk about what this immediately reveals about Lizzie, and how this sets the tone for the novel that follows.
3. How does the novel regard one's relationship with the father?
4. Discuss the range of family dynamics occurring in the household. How is family defined, and redefined, by each character?
5. Analyze what Lizzie's pigeons symbolize as they appear throughout the novel. Discuss how they further illustrate her character. What does Andrew's act of violence against the pigeons reveal about his character?
6. Compare Lizzie, Emma, Bridget, Benjamin, and John's reactions to Mr. and Mrs. Borden's death. In what ways do the murders affect each of them personally?
7. Schmidt frames the novel by creating distinct voices for multiple narrators. Did this technique enrich your understanding of the story? Who did you trust the most? Who did you think was complicit, and why did they choose to be complicit?
8. The ending of the novel seems purposefully ambiguous. Why does Schmidt leave it up to the reader to be the juror? Did you feel that the conclusion ultimately confirms Lizzie's innocence or guilt? Explain.
9. Talk about the function of the timeline, and how the chronology of See What I Have Done differs from the actual chronology. What does the excerpt from the last will and testament reveal about Lizzie and Emma's relationship later in life?


With Readly you can read Underbart gott med citrus and thousands of other magazines on your tablet and smartphone. Get access to all with just one subscription. New releases and back issues – all included.
Baka och bjud: Tårtor, bullar, pajer, kakor, cupcakes. 113 ljuvliga recept.


text:
package XZot1K.plugins.zb.packets.ping.versions;

import XZot1K.plugins.zb.packets.ping.Ping;
import org.bukkit.craftbukkit.v1_8_R2.entity.CraftPlayer;
import org.bukkit.entity.Player;

public class Ping1_8R2 implements Ping
{

    public int getPing(Player player)
    {
        return ((CraftPlayer) player).getHandle().ping;
    }

}


text:
Retail CIOs become heroes with the help of CMOs
In the highly charged atmosphere of retail, CMOs are always looking for the next shiny new thing. But aligning more closely with the CIO may be the key to meeting the demands of today's demanding consumers.
By Sharon Goldman
CIO	 Aug 24, 2015 5:28 am PDT
In today's hyper-competitive retail universe, striving to satisfy customer demands is more important than ever. Savvy consumers are always on, moving easily between smartphones, desktops and brick-and-mortar locations – and they expect retailers to keep up, no matter at what point-of-purchase they choose to interact.
To deliver the kind of seamless experiences these customers want retailers know that fostering technology innovation is essential. However, IT departments are also keenly aware of the need for strong data security, governance and cost efficiency. To strike this important balance, CMOs and CIOs realize that they need to come together to collaborate and drive customer-centric innovation.
In a 2014 study, Accenture Interactive reported a "sea change" in which CMOs and CIOs are more interested in working together than ever before: 69 percent of CMOs recognize the need to align with IT (a 13 percent increase since 2012), while 83 percent of CIOs agree (up from 77 percent in 2012). The most-cited reason for closing the gap between marketing and IT? Simply put, today's marketing requires far more technology than in decades past, from ecommerce and analytics to mobile applications and marketing automation.
The goal of these two key executives linking arms, according to a 2015 report published by Forrester Research and the National Retail Federation (NRF), is to create a comprehensive technology innovation agenda that focuses on solutions that help win, serve and retain customers. A new style of CIO is emerging that works to collaborate with the CMO to support a unified customer experience at multiple touchpoints, while still managing efforts to defend against sophisticated security threats that are becoming more commonplace in a digital world.
A maturing CIO/CMO relationship
The report's author, Forrester Research vice president and principal analyst George Lawrie, says that in the past, the conflict between the CIO and CMO has often been about the CMO perceived as a "hero" and the CIO as a "zero.""The CMO is often the one spending the money on innovation," Lawrie says, "while the CIO has often been entirely consumed with keeping the lights on and dealing with existing technology – that can feel unglamorous."
[Related: Retail CIOs must balance security with innovation]
That "hero vs. zero" attitude has shifted considerably in the past few years as the relationships between the CIO and CMO has matured, says Tom Litchford, vice president of retail technology at the National Retail Federation. "The whole idea is that the CIO and CMO really have to be attached at the hip," he says. "As we go forward, there is less of the old feeling that "all I ever hear from IT is 'no.'"
The Forrester/NRF study reported improved relationships between the retail CIO and line-of-business colleagues such as the CMO. For example, CIOs understand the importance of integrating channels such as mobile and desktop ecommerce, and that more product and inventory data should be made available to retail customers. These issues go beyond technology into fundamental issues related to marketing and the entire organizational structure, so CIOs and CMOs must each bring their separate strengths to the table.
Retail's 'secret sauce' is in CIO-owned legacy systems
One area where the CIO's expertise is becoming more highly valued is in the power of retail legacy systems. While CMOs may long for the latest "shiny" and trendy technologies, retailers are beginning to realize that the CIO has the most access to what is being recognized as the "secret sauce" of any brand – its data and unique processes, housed in older legacy systems.
"It's great to have the new applications and technologies that the CMO wants, but if it is to be really useful it has to somehow dovetail with your legacy systems, which the CIO is responsible for," Lawrie says.
[Related: How to attract digital natives to buy at retail stores]
Vendors for the new, shiny technologies – of which there are thousands knocking on retailer doors these days – may come and demonstrate in a stand-alone way that makes sense to the CMO, he adds. But none of today's technology, in marketing or other lines of business, can really stand alone: "The CMO might not consider what happens after a technology gets rolled out – how it will be maintained, how it will integrate with other systems," he explains. "IT people are great at thinking about this – it makes a great yin to the CMO's yang."
Building trust to work towards shared goals
There is still more work to do in developing the best relationships between marketing and IT – the Accenture study found that only 23 percent of marketers believe that collaboration between CMOs and IT is at or approaching the "right level" and 45 percent of CMOs believe 'more collaboration is needed' with the CIO.
But a recent Deloitte Digital report, "CMO Quarterly Study: The CMO-CIO Relationship," found that 71 percent of CMO-CIO conversations focused on bridging gaps and their evolving roles towards broader internal partnerships, in order to deliver a better experience to the customer.
According to the NRF's Litchford, this movement requires a strong sense of trust. "Number one, you have to build that trust that we're all on the same team, that we're all going after the same objective," he says.
At NRF Tech, a summit for retail technology leaders, CMOs and other senior line-of-business executives are well-represented, in order to promote cross-mentoring and cross-training — the new breed of technologists, says Litchford, will have to combine not just technological expertise but business acumen. "The first thing we had to do was make sure it wasn't just CIOs and IT people attending, but also CMOs," says Litchford. "This needs to be about driving innovation and building a culture of innovation."


"The question for retailers is how to use data. Boring retail is dead."
She pointed out that SA is a "mobile first" economy. Nearly 30 million people connect to the internet via smartphones in the country.
"There are more people in SA with an active smartphone than people with access to a running toilet," she said.


Here is the answer form for the 2018 Advent Calendar. Our CMs are very meticulous so think carefully before sending in your answer!
You only have ONE CHANCE to submit an answer. If you submit more than one all of your answers are ignored !!!
**NOTE**: You may only send in answers using 1 account and have rewards sent to only 1 server for ALL days! Use of multiple accounts will be disqualified for the entire event. If you select different servers for different days only the earliest choice will be used for rewards!


text:
ANTI-MUSLIM RIOTS
Tensions running high
Fresh violence reported despite curfew, arrests
Sri Lanka's army soldier stands guard next to a damaged shop after a clash between two communities in Digana central district of Kandy, Sri Lanka March 8, 2018. Photo: Reuters
Afp, Colombo
Sri Lankan police said petrol bombs were hurled at a mosque on Thursday as hundreds of troops patrolled a troubled central district where anti-Muslim violence has left three people dead.
Muslim-owned businesses were set on fire and vandalised in several parts of Sri Lanka, police said, days after an island-wide state of emergency was imposed to curb riots in Kandy.
Police announced 85 people had been arrested for rioting in the hill district, including the leader of a radical Sinhalese Buddhist group known for agitating against Muslims.
"We have arrested 10 key suspects, including Amith Weerasinghe, who orchestrated and led these attacks," police spokesman Ruwan Gunasekera told reporters in Colombo, adding that another 75 were detained.
Armoured vehicles and heavily-armed troops guarded Kandy, the epicentre of the violence where internet services remain suspended and an evening curfew is in place.
The government ordered the internet blackout after police discovered mobs of Sinhalese rioters were using social media to coordinate attacks on Muslim establishments.
More than 200 homes, businesses and vehicles have been torched in three days of violence by mobs from the mainly Buddhist Sinhalese majority.
A 24-hour curfew was imposed on Wednesday afternoon after a hand grenade exploded in the hands of an attacker, killing him and wounding 11 others, officials said.
The day-time curfew was eased following a calm night but schools were shuttered as tensions remain high in the tourist hotspot.
In Kuruvita, 125 kilometres south of Kandy, police said petrol bombs were lobbed at a mosque. Little damage was inflicted and three suspects are being pursued.
In Weligama, 240 kilometres south of Kandy, a Muslim-owned business was attacked, police said, while Muslim establishments were pelted with stones in at least two other locations outside Kandy.
President Maithripala Sirisena toured Kandy on Wednesday and ordered security forces to use the full force of the law against troublemakers.
Military officials said more reinforcements were sent to the area on Wednesday night to assist police who resorted to teargas to disperse rioters the previous evening.
The United Nations has condemned the violence and urged Colombo "to ensure that appropriate measures are swiftly taken to restore normalcy in affected areas".


It's no secret that the Jaguar D-Type is up there as one of the most beautiful cars ever to be designed and when we heard Jaguar are making 25 new cars in 2018, we couldn't help ourselves but be excited.
Jaguar Classic announced that they are re-starting production of the legendary D-Type racer, 62 years after the last original car was built in the 50s. The first of these revived racers, assembled at Jaguar classic, will make its world debut at the Salon Retromobile show in Paris this week.
So first off let's talk about the rarity of these new cars. Just 25 new examples will be caringly hand-built at JLR classic works in Warwickshire. Although these are 'New' D-Types, they technically are also apart of the original batch that was meant to be built back in 1955. But, only 75 were built so these new 25 examples finish that original planned number.
The D-type, which won the Le Mans 24 Hours race three times between 1955 and 1957, was powered by the six-cylinder XK engine. Every aspect of the D-types built for clients from 2018 will be created to authentic, original specification.
The D-type is the third continuation vehicle from Jaguar Classic, complementing the six missing Lightweight E-types completed in 2014-15 and nine XKSSs built in 2017-18. We can't say that we disapprove of this recent trend.
Hopefully more and more manufacturers will learn from what both Jaguar and Aston Martin have done in recent times and we will get to see some past legends reborn in modern times.