Dr. Kody Kennington is the owner and licensed audiologist of Audiology Associates of Holladay. He purchased the practice in July of 2018 bringing with him 16 years' experience in private practice. He earned a bachelor's degree and master's degree from Utah State University and his Doctorate in audiology from Salus University. He holds a certificate of clinical competence in audiology from the American Speech Language Hearing Associates and is a fellow of the American Academy of Audiology.
This provider is licensed in Utah (#5159751-4101).
This provider participates in the following insurance and discount plans: Steamfitters Local 449, Metra, CAP, AARP-HearUSA, Union Reporter, LECOM, Charter Twp, Unified Hearing, Northwood, Advanced Hearing Providers, Pruitt Medicare, AMAC, NEI, Senior Provider Network, BCBS of Michigan, Summit Township, Paragon Home Resources, Plumber and Pipefitter 803, Federal Employee Program, AAA, Heavy and Highway, Lake Medical Imaging, Care and Save Discount Prg, Macomb County, UAW, HealthPass, Harmony Hearing, MCAS, Perkspot, Prime Health, Jordan Furniture, Plumber and Pipefitter 295, Hearing Care Solutions, OCCM, Highmark Employee Discount , PEHP and Homelink.
Click on the orange button above and tell others about your experience at Audiology Associates of Holladay - Roosevelt to help them find the hearing care they need.
Audiology Associates of Holladay offers audiology services to people of all ages. We have been helping the Greater Salt Lake City for over 4 decades and the Utah Basin for two decades. Our professionals are knowledgeable in the latest technology in hearing aids and devices so they can help you choose the best solution for your hearing needs.


text:
George Lloyd Album, 151 results 151
Lloyd, George, 1 results 1
Prisse d'Avennes, Achilles Constant Théodore Émile, 1 results 1
Soltykoff, (Prince) Alexis, 1 results 1
Top-level description George Lloyd Album
Explanatory note on design
Lloyd MSS 147 verso
Part of George Lloyd Album
Explanatory note on design:
-pencil handwritten text
-loose item, originally a tipped-in page perhaps for this album, with remains of mounting-strip on right side
-25.5 x 34.9 cm (including mounting-strip)
-[text] 'I have drawn this simply as a title for my sketches. / The semicircle at the top, excepting the Cartouches / is from the doorway of the first vaulted Chamber / in the temple of El Assasief erected by Amensä / the mother of Thothmes 3rd. The other part is mere / composition. On the right is Thmai or Truth, and / on the left Safrä, the Goddess of Letters. The characters / are ornamented with the emblems of Lower and / Upper Egypt. The Cartouches are for Our Lady / Victoria, when I can get those from Birche's work. / 27th July sketched / 1st August finished / } / 1843 / { / G Lloyd. / Gurna / Thebes.'
Lloyd MSS
Album of watercolours, drawings, and tracings of Egypt produced close to the end of Lloyd's life. It is a folio volume (33 x 44 cm, pages 32.7 x 43 cm), containing 135 watercolours and drawings (74 of which are full-page and 1 folding) and 10 tracings (8 folding). They are all mounted and most are captioned either on the image itself or on the mount. Captions on the mount seem to have been added when the album was put together after Lloyd's death. The album also contains a loose watercolour, a loose drawing and a loose lithographed portrait of George Lloyd by Prisse d'Avennes, who published it in his Oriental Album: Characters, Costumes and Modes of Life in the Valley of the Nile (1848). One of the drawings in the album is a pencil portrait of Lloyd sketched by Prince A. Soltykoff.
Lloyd, George

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A few tweets from the second day of the Cetis conference in Storify. I've added a couple of additional tweets at the end with were no longer available on Storify.
The Cetis Conference is over for another year. Being the conference organiser means I don't get to focus on one session for long. I've captured my favourite tweets in a storify, I hope they give an impression of the event.
You might have noticed that Cetis has a new web site www.cetis.org.uk. For the last six months I've been working with my colleagues, Mark Power, David Sherlock, Phil Parker, Sheila MacNeill and Martin Hawksey to update our web presence to reflect the new organisation. I thought I'd share some of the thinking behind the new site.


text:
Instagram page opens in new windowFacebook page opens in new windowTwitter page opens in new window
International Reggae Poster Contest
REGGAE GREATS
POSTER CALL
Poster Contributions
Winners 2017-2018
Alpha Boys' School
Help Jamaica
SHADOWS AFTER DARK
Dr. Carolyn Cooper's speech at The 25th Art of Reggae Exhibition to the National Gallery of Jamaica
In 2012, for the first time in its almost 40-year history, the National Gallery of Jamaica (NGJ) hosted an exhibition of poster art. It was a coup. As was to be expected, there were initial reservations about the elitist gallery descending to the level of pop art. It is certainly true that, in recent years, the Gallery has been hosting events, featuring popular culture, particularly music, in its excellent Last Sundays series. But, I suppose, a poster exhibition was not quite the same thing. I think the art was seen as ephemeral, just not up to the standard of the usual high-brow work exhibited in the Gallery.
Furthermore, this was to be an exhibition of reggae posters. And even though the Gallery is located here in downtown Kingston where reggae music is rooted, that connection did not seem to make the prospect of the reggae exhibition any more attractive. But, sanity prevailed and the Executive Director at the time, Dr. Veerle Poupeye, did agree to host the very first exhibition of the International Reggae Poster Contest. And the posters were judiciously hung by Dr. David Boxer.
For that exhibition, the posters were placed in the inner galleries. This signified, I think, acceptance of their legitimate place within the National Gallery. But their placement was, ironically, rather conventional. The posters had now been dubbed as upper case Art, however reluctantly. By contrast, the location and layout of the current exhibition are both much more imaginative. The use of this relatively public space and the concentration of the posters in a single place simulate the in-your-face immediacy of street art. This exhibition mirrors the one held at the Montego Bay International Airport, thanks to the vision of Dr, Rafael Echevarne, CEO of MBJ Airports Ltd. The MoBay exhibition was mounted outdoors and attracted a huge audience. It might seem counter-intuitive to take art out of the Gallery and into the streets. It is not. Enticing viewers to appreciate art in unusual locations might just make them want to visit a real-real gallery.
"World-a-reggae music on ya eh" – the words of the Hotstepper, Ini Kamoze – were the inspiration for the title of the very first exhibition. It remains a constant theme, as is so vibrantly illustrated in the diverse nationalities of the graphic designers whose posters are exhibited here. The winner of the very first contest was Alon Braier, a freelance illustrator and reggae musician living in Jaffa, Israel. His brilliant poster, 'Roots of Dub', featured King Tubby, Lee Scratch Perry, and Augustus Pablo. Braier used concentric circles to represent dub echoes. He got it completely right. I knew he had to come to Jamaica for the opening of that inaugural exhibition.
So I got in touch with my sparring partner, Ainsley Henriques, then honorary secretary of the United Congregation of Israelites in Jamaica. He immediately caught the vision of cross-cultural exchange. With the support of the Israeli government, Alon was able to come to the Promised Land of reggae.
The 25th Art of Reggae Exhibition To the National Gallery of Jamaica
The winner of the current exhibition, from Bolivia, also won a trip to Jamaica funded by the MBJ, thanks to the vision and generosity of Dr, Rafael Echevarne, CEO of the company. came to Jamaica for the opening of the 24th exhibition at the Montego Bay airport. It was a red carpet affair.
The exhibition returned to the Gallery in March after going all over the world as Maria will tell you. Co-founder with Michael Thompson of the International Reggae Poster Contest, Maria Papaefstathiou is now an honorary Jamaican. She has embraced our culture with passion.
A couple of weeks ago, Maria sent me an excited email.
"And I didn't tell you… who is coming to Athens in June ????????" – (8 question marks!) She continued, "I am soooo excited! (4 o's) I only wish I could go on stage and give him a big hug… 🙂 (one smiley face) But anyway, it is good he will be here :))))) (5 smiley faces)h
So I hope you have guessed it already."
Of course, I immediately knew. I wrote back to Maria, "It must be Damian Marley. Who else?" Maria is a huge fan of Junior Gong's music and designed a brilliant poster of him. I said to her, here's your big opportunity to meet Damian and give him the poster personally. So we've been conspiring to with Jerome Hamilton to make it happen.
Maria is an outstanding example of so many reggae fans across the globe who have embraced Jamaican culture. But her passion extends beyond fandom. She has made a commitment to sustain the International Reggae Poster Contest even after the death of the co-founder, Michael 'Freestylee' Thompson. It is an honour to collaborate with her as a board member of the contest. Nuff respect is due to you, Maria!
Dr. Carolyn Cooper, Maria Papaefstathiou and Maria Hudson wife of Michael "Freestylee" Thompson, at The 25th Art of Reggae Exhibition To the National Gallery of Jamaica
Category: News May 12, 2019
PreviousPrevious post:NGJ OPENS THE ART OF REGGAE EXHIBITION FEBRUARY 12, 2019NextNext post:Maria Papaefstathiou's speech at The 25th Art of Reggae Exhibition to the National Gallery of Jamaica
Intl. Reggae Poster Contest and Help Jamaica! Auction Posters For The Good Cause, 2020
IRPC announces the Winners of the 7th Intl. Reggae Poster Contest, 2020
IRPC Competition's Results Delayed Due To Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreak
The International Reggae Poster Contest is Open for Entries
The International Reggae Poster Contest announces its 7th call for entries
The IRPC Poster Auction at the National Gallery of Jamaica was successful
USE OF WEB SITE CONTENT
"Intl. Reggae Poster Contest" Posters by www.reggaepostercontest.com is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All Content on the Web Site, is the proprietary property of the Artists involved or The International Reggae Poster Contest. No Content may be modified, copied, distributed, framed, reproduced, republished, downloaded, displayed, posted, transmitted, or sold in any form or by any means, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission of the Contest organizers or the owner of the Content. Except as otherwise set forth in the Agreement with then artists, any use of the Content is strictly prohibited. All trademarks, logos, trade dress and service marks on the Web Site are trademarks or registered trademarks of the Contest or its licensors and may not be copied, imitated, or used, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission of the Contest.


Excellent Signcomplex LED luminaires have already provided inspiration for thousands of designers, architects and engineers all over the world. With our customer,we actively explore the ideas in architectural, residencial, commercial, industrial lighting and special auxiliary lighting.
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Zedd has become famous for hits like "Clarity" and "The Middle." Younger folks may associate those song titles with Zedd, but older folks may think of another band: Jimmy Eat World. Turns out Zedd and Jimmy Eat World have some similar song titles.
Some may take that comment in offense, but it reads as a light jab to us. Zedd then responded to Jimmy Eat World's tweet, playfully saying "It's all part of a bigger plan" and posting the X-Files theme song.
Maybe this back-and-forth will result in some kind of Zedd and Jimmy Eat World collab. Stranger things have happened, after all.
Zedd Gives A Stellar Performance For Jimmy Kimmel Live!


After I did a post on 10 x 10 booth layouts, I had several people ask if I could also include a post for the smaller booths like 8 x 4's that are harder to create, so here you have it – small booth setup ideas.
These smaller spaces can be harder to work with and you will have to get creative with your presentation and focus more on building up and having your items front and center, perhaps with a small space for you at the side. It can be workable however and you can create a very nice display that is profitable. These smaller "less desirable" spots will save you money on booth rentals as well usually.
First of all, if you are going to do these smaller spaces, in addition to a standard table that is normally 30 inches in width, you may want to invest in one smaller table like this one that measures 18″ in width, but comes in varying lengths of 5, 6 and 8 feet.
I'd stick to a six-footer because you can place it and have room on either side for a shelf or other display.
This particular model is a 220 pound load capacity, which is usually ample for most products. They run $50 and under and usually have to be purchased online as I have yet to see any with the smaller width tops in any of my local stores.
Alternatively, you can also get these 34″ x 34″ square tables that are also load bearing. They work just like the longer folding tables, but give you more flexibility with placement. The actual measurements listed are 34.25″ x 35″, so for the sake of argument – and space, just say they are 36″ and plan accordingly.
These can be placed side by side or separated and still fit nicely into an 8×4 booth and give you some flexibility to change things up if you like. They run about $50 on Amazon.
Display racks like these are narrow, only 2′ wide, but 6′ tall. You can make your own or purchase a set. This set of 2 is around $85 and they are great for small spaces. Don't want to spend that much? create your own, perhaps visit your local hardware store and get lattice trimmed to size. Don't forget you'll want feet to keep them stable and sturdy. Upright displays are your friend in tight spaces, they pull the eyes immediately to your products.
Don't forget you'll want feet to keep them stable and sturdy. Upright displays are your friend in tight spaces, they pull the eyes immediately to your products and help you make the best use of all of your small space.
Ok so now that we've looked at some of the different table ideas, let's do some layout grids below and look at possibilities. Each square on the grid is one foot.
This layout relies on two smaller square tables that you can build up with crates, shelves or whatever you like. There should be standing display racks across the back. You can leave the space in the middle if you like for standing or entering, but it will only be 2 feet wide. You might want to consider a floor display at the back of this – a basket full of product, or short standing shelf, make the most of your real estate and stand at the front or to the side.
This layout features longer tables. Place the back one on risers (I have posts on these) so that it stands taller than the front table and is tiered. The back and side can be used for standing displays. Once again, you can fill the leftover space with a shelf, or standing display, however you choose to use it. If you use regular width tables, you can fit one with a shorter width table. I'd place the full width one (30 inches) to the back on the risers.
This layout uses every single inch of your space. You'll have to ensure you can stand to the side or in front and perhaps keep an apron on you for change instead of using a checkout or cash box etc. You can always steel a foot away from display rack space if you need to. These tiny booths are so cumbersome!
Ok, so there are a few ideas of things you can do. If you would like to play around with your own grids I have some you can print off. Measure the tables, shelves etc you have and see how you can make them fit so that setup is easier.
Always build up on your tables too – go high with displays as best you can. It makes all the difference in smaller booths.
Here is a graphic you can print out that will give you some blank ones to work with. use a pencil to shade the boxes each square represents a foot of space. Right click and save as then print 🙂 Enjoy.
Perfect and just the information I needed for my first event.


Returns skin to suppleness by eliminating thick squamae (flakes) localized on the elbows, knees, feet, hands and scalp. Not recommended on lesions or for children under the age of 3 years.
This cream reduces your skin's chronic thickening thanks to salicylic acid in high concentration (2%).
Soothing, anti-irritating Avène Thermal Spring Water softens your skin.
Akérat 30 Cream is specially recommended for dry, keratosis-prone skin, for use on very localized areas: chronic and excessive thickening of the skin on the body and scalp.
The majority of participants judged the cream "easy to apply".
They noticed a reduction in the thickness of their epidermis by more than 13%.
All those who used the cream noted their squamae reduced by 52%.
As well as an overall improvement in their quality of life (31.5%).
Cleanse your skin with a suitable cleansing product.
Apply by massaging Akérat 30 Cream to the affected areas once or twice a day.


6 of the 22 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.8 while the reviewers who have a more unique product review history rated this product an average of 3.0. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
We counted 22 reviews for this product over the span of 173 days, an average of 0.1 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 2 or fewer reviews on any given day. We didn't find any days exceeding this threshold.


text:
Barczyk ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Mario Barczyk (* 1970), deutscher Fußballspieler
 Thomas H. Barczyk (* 1966), polnischer bildender Künstler

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Eagle Ford Shale rig count remained flat this holiday week, with our data showing 45 rigs running across our coverage area by midday Wednesday.
In recent Eagle Ford news, Earthstone Energy announced third quarter results last week including plans to initate the completion of its 12-well Eagle Ford inventory.
A total of 592 oil and gas rigs were running across the United States this week, a gain of five over last week. 118 rigs targeted natural gas (two more than the previous week) and 474 were targeting oil in the U.S. (three more than the previous week). The remainder were drilling service wells (e.g. disposal wells, injection wells, etc.) 279 of the rigs active in the U.S. were running in Texas.
Nine rigs in the Eagle Ford region targeted natural gas this week with the commodity dropping to $3.04/mmbtu.
36 Eagle Ford rigs were targeting oil with WTI oil prices increasing to $47.43.
A total of 41 rigs are drilling horizontal wells, zero are drilling directional wells and four are vertical.
Karnes County leads this week with 10 rigs in production. See the full list below in the Eagle Ford Shale Drilling by County below.


Take heart, ladies! You have the power to take charge of your health.
"Health providers have an excellent body of knowledge, but women have a wonderful knowledge of their bodies," said nurse practitioner Laura Padron.
That means it's particularly important for women to know the symptoms for a heart attack – because they aren't necessarily the same as for a man – and listen to their bodies for cues.
"Often times, women will present to the emergency room with shortness of breath, pain in their jaw or shoulder and be in the process of an active heart attack," Padron says. "Women must listen to their bodies and understand that heart disease symptoms include shortness of breath, extreme fatigue and pain in their arm, jaw or abdomen.
Stop smoking. Smokers are two to six times more likely to have a heart attack.
Aim for a healthy weight. Being overweight causes many preventable deaths.
Get a move on! Aim for 30 minutes of moderate cardiovascular exercise on most days.
Eat for your heart. Choose a diet high in vegetables and low in fat.
Get checked. Talk to your doctor about your numbers – specifically, blood pressure, cholesterol and blood glucose.


WELCOME to the First Baptist Church Perkins website. We hope this site helps answer your questions about our church and about our Savior. Exciting things are happening at FBC and we would love for you to join what God is doing here. We are located at 500 E. Knipe St (southeast part of Perkins) and can be reached at (405) 547-2494.
Greater Things - Mark 10:17-23.


text:
Michigan Modernized CU Act On Way to Governor's Desk
LANSING, Mich. - Michigan credit unions celebrated the passing of the state's modernized Credit Union Act by the state House on Oct. 22, one day after the measure was passed by the House Commerce Committee. The vote in the House was 106-0. The measure - Senate Bill 496 - is...
LANSING, Mich. – Michigan credit unions celebrated the passing of the state's modernized Credit Union Act by the state House on Oct. 22, one day after the measure was passed by the House Commerce Committee. The vote in the House was 106-0. The measure – Senate Bill 496 – is now on its way to Gov. Jennifer Granholm's (D) desk, and Michigan Credit Union League VP of Government Affairs Patrick LaPine said he "didn't see a problem" with the governor signing the measure in to law. The law will be effective June 1, 2004. LaPine said Gov. Granholm supported SB 496 as it was introduced, "and none of the changes to the provisions of the bill have been significant enough to change the governor's support of it." `LaPine has met regularly with Gov. Granholm's legislative staff during the legislative process leading up to the bill's passage, and he said they are up-to-date with the bill's provisions. Reflecting on how quickly the bill worked its way through the state legislature and was passed – it was introduced in May by Sen. Shirley Johnson (R-Royal Oak), chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee – LaPine said the new Credit Union Act "puts Michigan in the forefront of having a progressive state-charter. As an association, we're proud of how we went about getting the bill passed, it was a team effort." LaPine said he was particularly proud of how the Michigan League was able to keep the bill moving through the Senate and House, "considering we faced major opposition from the Michigan Bankers Association." Among the law's provisions, it: allows greater flexibility for CUs to expand their fields-of-membership; permits CUs to serve non-members with essential financial services such as check cashing, wire transfers, money orders, and traveler's checks; allows CUs to offer members small, short-term loans up to $1,000, payable within 30 days; and allows CUs to make larger investments in CUSOs.


1 sheet of vintage-style die-cut stickers featuring beautiful angels and small birds. Overall sheet measures 3-3/4" by 7-3/4" tall. Printed in the USA.
1 sheet of vintage-style die-cut stickers featuring beautiful angels on moons. Overall sheet measures 3-3/4" by 7-3/4" tall. Printed in the USA.
1 sheet of vintage-style die-cut stickers featuring a mix of circus clowns. Overall sheet measures 3-3/4" by 7-3/4" tall. Printed in the USA.
1 sheet of vintage-style die-cut stickers featuring beautiful butterfly angels, some on bubbles. Overall sheet measures 3-3/4" by 7-3/4" tall. Printed in the USA.
1 sheet of vintage-style die-cut stickers featuring an alphabet of different beautiful flower faities. Overall sheet measures 6" by 7-3/4". Printed in the USA.
1 sheet of vintage-style die-cut stickers featuring a three large butterfly girls and a mix of smaller butterflies. Overall sheet measures 3-3/4" by 7-3/4" tall. Printed in the USA.
1 sheet of vintage-style die-cut stickers featuring a mix of beautiful flower children. Overall sheet measures 3-3/4" by 7-3/4" tall. Printed in the USA.
1 sheet of vintage-style die-cut stickers featuring a mix of beautiful Victorian children with flowers. Overall sheet measures 3-3/4" by 7-3/4" tall. Printed in the USA.


text:
Q: How to push an item to array field of model in Mongoose I have 2 collections like this:
const vocaSchema = {
    word: String,
    type: String,
    meaning: String,
    sente: String,
    semean: String,
    sug: String
};

const Voca = mongoose.model('Voca', vocaSchema);

const setVocaSchema = {
    lessonId: String,
    vocaList: [vocaSchema]
};

const SetVoca = mongoose.model('SetVoca', setVocaSchema);

and now I want to push a new Voca to vocaList field, and this is my code:
app.post('/lesson/add-voca/:lessonID', (req, res) => {
    const lessonID = req.params.lessonID;

    const newVoca = new Voca({
        word: req.body.addWord,
        type: req.body.addType,
        meaning: req.body.addMeaning,
        sente: req.body.addStc,
        semean: req.body.addStcm,
        sug: req.body.addSggt
    });

    console.log(newVoca);

    SetVoca.findOneAndUpdate({ lessonId: lessonID }, { $push: { vocaList: newVoca } }, (err, result) => {
        if (!err) {
            console.log(result);
            res.redirect('/lesson/add-voca/' + lessonID);
        } else {
            console.log(result);
            res.render('error');
        }
    });
});

and the result is undefined :(

I don't know how to fix it. Anyone, please help me, thank you so much!

A: You need to push an object not a mongoose model.
Also you need to create a mongoose schema using mongoose.schema
const mongoose = require("mongoose");

const vocaSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  word: String,
  type: String,
  meaning: String,
  sente: String,
  semean: String,
  sug: String
});

//const Voca = mongoose.model("Voca", vocaSchema);

const setVocaSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  lessonId: String,
  vocaList: [vocaSchema]
});

const SetVoca = mongoose.model("SetVoca", setVocaSchema);

module.exports = SetVoca;

And in your post route:
app.post("/lesson/add-voca/:lessonID", (req, res) => {
  const lessonID = req.params.lessonID;

  const newVoca = {
    word: req.body.addWord,
    type: req.body.addType,
    meaning: req.body.addMeaning,
    sente: req.body.addStc,
    semean: req.body.addStcm,
    sug: req.body.addSggt
  };

  console.log(newVoca);

  SetVoca.findOneAndUpdate(
    { lessonId: lessonID },
    { $push: { vocaList: newVoca } },
    { new: true },
    (err, result) => {
      if (!err) {
        console.log(result);
        res.redirect("/lesson/add-voca/" + lessonID);
      } else {
        console.log(err);
        res.render("error");
      }
    }
  );
});

Test:
Let's say we have this document with an empty vocaList array:
{
    "_id": "5e61f34358a41b7ee0e6fa40",
    "lessonId": "lesson1",
    "vocaList": [],
    "__v": 0
}

When we send a POST request with this url ../lesson/add-voca/lesson1, and with this request body:
    "addWord": "word1",
    "addType": "type1",
    "addMeaning": "meaning",
    "addStc": "sente",
    "addStcm": "semean",
    "addSggt": "sug"
}

The result will be like this:
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5e61f34358a41b7ee0e6fa40"),
    "lessonId" : "lesson1",
    "vocaList" : [
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("5e61f5900b73daa104e2ee75"),
            "word" : "word1",
            "type" : "type1",
            "meaning" : "meaning",
            "sente" : "sente",
            "semean" : "semean",
            "sug" : "sug"
        }
    ],
    "__v" : 0
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: ConstraintException on DataTable.Rows.Add with AutoIncrement Column I've got some DataTables with an ID column with AutoIncrement enabled both on the MySQL server side and the ADO.NET schema side (loaded from an XML schema file).  I'd like not to have to care about these IDs when inserting rows because their sole use is to have a primary key for the table – there are no foreign key references.  However, the DataTable will already contain rows when the new rows are to be added, i. e. rows with IDs starting from 1 already reside in the DataTable.
The default AutoIncrementSeed value for the ID column is -1 and the AutoIncrementStep value is 1 (just left the defaults provided by Visual Studio).  Everything seems to be quite fine if I only want to insert two new rows at once, because when created with dataTable.NewRow() they get the IDs -1 and 0.  But if I want to add a third row, it gets the ID 1 assigned by NewRow().  Subsequently a ConstraintException is thrown when I want to insert the new row with dataTable.Rows.Add(...) because there already is a row with ID = 1.
I suppose disabling the AutoIncrement stuff for the ADO.NET schema is no solution because then I would still have to make sure myself that the IDs are unique before I add the rows with .Rows.Add()
What would be an easy/elegant solution of this problem?  Right now I can't imagine that this is a very uncommon task.
Thank you!

A: A very simple way to solve this problem is set the AutoIncrementStep property to -1 as well - then the IDs will decrease ie, -1, -2, -3, etc.
Hope this helps,
Steve

A: Can you try something akin to the example I have provided below. You can verify whether the unique column value already exists using Select on the table before adding an another row:
using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(sqlConnectionStr))
        {
            connection.Open();
            // Do work here.
            DataTable userTable = new DataTable("usertable");

            using (SqlCommand sqlCmd = new SqlCommand("select * from [user]"))
            {
                sqlCmd.Connection = connection;
                SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlCmd);
                dataAdapter.Fill(userTable);
            }

            int newUserId = 3;
            DataRow[] selectedRows = userTable.Select(  string.Format( "id={0}", newUserId));
            bool userIdAlreadyTaken = selectedRows.Length > 0 ;
            if( !userIdAlreadyTaken )
            {
                // Add new user
                DataRow newRow = userTable.Rows.Add(new object[] { 3, "John" });
            }
        }


You may have a very cool property but, if the front area of your house some looks like a ghost house, the rest of the property will look the same. Real estate agents call curb appeal to the fact that, the tone of the front of your house will set the tone for the rest of the property. If you plan to sell your home or, if you want to stay put with your neighbors, consider to upgrade the front door, the yard and the mailbox.
A new front door may create a focal point, that maybe you didn't have before. The front door is the one that welcomes friends and family and one of the first things somebody will notice when looking at your house. If you plan to change it, first consider the style of your home and make it match with the rest of the architecture. If for example you live in a California Mission kind of home, some wood door with ironwork near the big window with the Concord Roman blinds would look perfect on it. If you live in a modern house you may consider to use other not so traditional materials like steel.
Glass is a good consideration for your front door, a front door with glass panels or with sidelights and a transom looks really good so, if you door doesn´t have them and you want them, they can be added by a professional if there is enough space for them. Don´t think they are an unsafe element for your home because nowadays you can find a wide variety of crystals and some of them are able to muffle sound and even being harder than the door itself!
If you don´t have a front yard, you should be adding one as soon as possible because is the next somebody is going to look at after they noticed your door. Designing a landscaping depends a lot on the size of the property and the house, the overall style and many other factors but adding plants is always a good idea. Plants always look good in a home and add a natural element that nothing else is able to, however don´t overdo with them because a lot of plants may look untidy. If your home is big enough you can add garden accessories to the front yard like benches and a swing.
Last is your mailbox. Mailboxes are usually neglected for years and many people think of them as the box where you get your mail delivered and nothing else. Well, mailboxes are more than that because they are located in the front area and this means a lot of people are going to see them on a daily basis. An old mailbox at the front door makes potential customers think your house is neglected the same as the mailbox was. Traditionally, wood is a very nice material but difficult to maintain, you can look at PVC ones that resemble wood instead, they last for centuries.


The Radisson Blu Edwardian Hampshire Hotel, is a luxurious five star venue situated on Leicester Square and close to the West End, Covent Garden and Piccadilly Circus. Located on the eighth floor, the Penthouse Suite boasts spectacular panoramic views across some of London's most iconic landmarks such as the London Eye and Big Ben. This amazing venue is the perfect location for hosting intimate yet fantastic Christmas parties.
As part of our private package at this venue you'll choose one of our fantastic theme and entertainment options which will turn the Penthouse into your own Christmas wonderland.
As we always seat groups on their own tables, the minimum number of people you can book for is 55.


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VERBORGENE TATSACHEN
SMOKE-O-RAMA
On BLUE vinyl. The group was a collaboration between a group called Earl Stanley And The Stereos and none other than Eddie Bo.
'Pass The Hatchet' was originally issued in 1966.
Roger And The Gypsies were responsible for the very first record on the Seven B label. This reissue on BLACK 7-INCH VINYL features both the first and second part of the song.
When the needle hits the wax, if you ain't dancin' you're dead!
The "singing" and production is by Eddie Bo, and it passed almost unnoticed when it was released.
But later, "Pass The Hatchet" was on one of the Las Vegas Grind comps, a Minit/Instant Records retrospective, and currently on the SoulJazz "Saturday Night Fish Fry" set.
It also appeared on the soundtrack of the movie "Desperado".
Why? easy, this is a party starter of the first oder:
opening with a super-solid bass drum beat and Eddie's order to "Pass out the hatchets, baby!".
The power of the drums here proves that NOBODY recorded drums like the New Orleans producers.
Eddie's keeps popping up with interjections and funky grunts (there is an "UNHH!" on this record that manages to carry in it the weight of ALL recorded funk).
Powerful!
Pass The Hatchet Pt. I
Pass The Hatchet Pt. II
ROGER AND THE GYPSIES - Pass The Hatchet (BLUE VINYL)
Artikelnummer: SEVEN-B-7001-165-162
eines der wichtigsten Bücher vom letzten Jahr -
WARUM SCHWEIGEN DIE LÄMMER?
von Prof. Rainer Mausfeld
- Aufklärung statt Indoktrination -
auch als Hörbuch, oder ein Vortrag zur Einstimmung:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rk6I9gXwack
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ISIS's War Against Everyone
By Joshua Keating
An Iraqi Kurdish security guard on June 11, 2014.
Photo by Safin Hamed/AFP/Getty Images
Alliances in the Middle East are always a bit complex and often contradictory, but the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria's shocking recent victories in Iraq are setting new standards for strange bedfellows. Virtually every major actor in the region has reason to be concerned about the group's new prominence, including some who normally hate each other:
Iraq: With Fallujah, Mosul, and now Tikrit under its control, ISIS is the most serious threat that Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki's Iraqi government has faced since the worst days of the Iraq war.*
U.S.: The nightmare scenario for the U.S. troop pullout—that it would leave the government vulnerable to takeover by extremists—now appears to be coming true. Iraq has turned to the U.S. for more aid, but the $20 billion Washington has already poured into training and equipping Iraqi security forces doesn't seem to have accomplished much, with reports that troops have fled their posts, leaving valuable military equipment in the militants' hands. The U.S. has expressed concern about the events, but beyond supplying more money and guns, it's unclear what Washington is willing to commit to the fight.
Iran: Oddly, the two primary backers of Maliki's Shiite-dominated government are the U.S. and its longtime foe Iran, which has good reason to fear a Sunni-dominated extremist group coming to power next door. Just weeks after Maliki traveled to Washington to lobby for more military funding last November, his government inked a $195 million weapons deal with Iran, in violation of a U.N. arms embargo on the Islamic Republic. Iran is now calling for an international effort to stop ISIS.
The Syrian government: Some suspect that Bashar al-Assad allowed or even facilitated the rise of ISIS in order to divide the rebel movement, but in the long run, it's hard to see him tolerating a situation in which a large swath of his territory is effectively outside of government control.
The Syrian rebels: Both moderate and Islamist rebel groups have clashed with ISIS over control of territory and resources inside Syria. Plus, the group's prominence makes international funders less likely to support the anti-Assad forces.
The Kurds: The semi-autonomous Kurdistan Regional Government is locked in a bitter dispute with Baghdad over oil revenues. Syrian Kurds have also been fighting against Assad. But ISIS is moving into Kurdish-controlled areas, and the Peshmerga—Iraqi Kurdistan's armed forces—have been deployed to help contain the insurgency, perhaps allowing the KRG to extract more concessions from Baghdad in the future.
Turkey: ISIS fighters kidnapped the staff of the Turkish consulate in Mosul today, a day after kidnapping 28 Turkish truck drivers. Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan's government, which has been one of the most important backers of the anti-Assad rebellion, is holding emergency meetings over the crisis.
Europe: European governments, particularly Britain and France, have recently announced efforts to prevent their citizens from traveling to Syria to join rebel groups, and ISIS, with its international goals and social media savvy, appears to be the top recruiter of foreigners. The suspect held in the attack on a Jewish museum in Brussels last month had spent time fighting with ISIS in Syria.
Saudi Arabia: Maliki has accused the Saudi government, along with Qatar, of supporting ISIS, but the kingdom has lately become warier about supporting Islamist groups in Syria and announced in May that it had dismantled an ISIS-linked terror cell in in Saudi Arabia.
Israel: As you might expect, ISIS is not a big fan of the Jewish state, and Israel is reportedly cultivating ties with moderate Syrian rebel groups in order to counter its influence.*
Al-Qaida: ISIS is often referred to in news reports as "al-Qaida-linked," and indeed it began as an offshoot of al-Qaida in Iraq, the group once led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, but al-Qaida central actually disavowed the group in March. ISIS had defied instructions from al-Qaida leader Ayman al-Zawahiri, who wanted to merge it with another Islamist rebel group, the al-Nusra front. ISIS, meanwhile, has publicly blamed Zawahiri for the infighting between Syrian rebel groups.
Or as one commentator has put it, ISIS suddenly seems to be in a "war against everyone."
Clearly the group must have some international support. As journalist Hassan Hassan notes in the National, there are likely "donors with deep pockets" who "prefer to sponsor an Islamic state in the making rather than a project for one." But it's still a remarkable development that can get all the actors above on the same page.
On the other hand, the deep-seated resentments and enmities between these groups may make it impossible to coordinate a unified response to the threat ISIS poses. Certainly no such response has presented itself so far.
The only way to win a war against everyone is to assure that they continue to be at war with each other.
*Correction, June 11, 2014: This post originally misstated that Israel was not cultivating ties with moderate Syrian rebel groups. It is. The post also misspelled Tikrit, Iraq.
International Middle East Syria Terrorism Iraq


The government's commitment to pharmacy in tonight's 2019-20 Federal Budget through the extension of the AHI fee and reduced Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) wait times is welcomed by the Pharmaceutical Society of Australia (PSA).
PSA National President Dr Chris Freeman said PSA acknowledged the investment in primary care, aged care and mental health, and the importance of funding for those sectors.
"Leading into the next Community Pharmacy Agreement, we would expect at least the same level of investment in community pharmacy and pharmacists to improve accessibility of care and health outcomes for all Australians," Dr Freeman said.
"In a budget that has now returned to surplus and is projected to be in surplus we need to have investment in pharmacy and pharmacists across sectors to improve the health of Australians.
"We note the budget announcement to align community pharmacy and private or public hospital pricing arrangements for high cost medicines but we remain concerned about the level of hospital pharmacy services that may be affected by this announcement and the impact this may have on medicine safety and patient care.
"PSA welcomes the government's announcement of an additional $15 million for pharmacy programs through the sixth Community Pharmacy Agreement to promote quality use of medicines, including further supporting the Dose Administration Aids and MedsCheck programs.
"We are delighted the government will build on its efforts to reduce prescription opioid use. We welcome the expansion of the Rural Health Outreach Fund to give people better access to pain management specialist services and train providers to improve prescribing habits.
Dr Freeman said the establishment of a new unit of clinical pharmacists within the Aged Care Quality and Safety Commission that will work directly with residential aged care providers to educate them around best practice use of medicines will improve medicine safety across the country.
"We also welcome the government's announcement of support for a Canberra trial to embed a part-time pharmacist in all 27 residential care facilities," Dr Freeman said.
"Pharmacists have unique skills in medicines management and are the best placed professionals to ensure better use of medicines, focusing on regulation, education and intervention.
"The Budget begins to address PSA's call in its pre-budget submission for $17 million of seed funding to embed pharmacists in aged care facilities.
"PSA has shown in our Medicine Safety report that medicine safety is a major problem in aged care, where 98% of residents are taking a potentially inappropriate medicine.
"Pharmacists embedded in aged care facilities can protect residents from the harm caused by overuse and misuse of medicines.
"We need a national commitment to ensure pharmacists are used to their full potential to lead a culture of medicine safety in aged care.
"The government's announcement of funding for the continued operation of the My Health Record system is also a welcome investment that will allow people to access and control their medical history and treatments, including vaccinations.


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Judge for Stevie Priest
Stevie Priest Is a R&B artist and songwriter from NYC. He has dedication and determination for his music career. The development of his unique style is of that result of lifetime of musical influences and life experiences. Growing up in a talented musical family meant Stevie Priest was always surrounded by different forms of music. His father spend most of his days in the studio recording music. Along his side was always Stevie Priest listening and learning everything about music. He would also include Prince, Lionel Richie and Stevie Wonder as amongst his biggest influences.
Stevie Priest is currently working on his debut album called Drinks On Me. This album points out different plots of his life experiences. Artists that are also featured on the album are Ed Robinson and Nefu Da Don. After honing his pop sound over recent years it has allowed him to develop as a person and has in turn profoundly aided his musical development. It seems that the city is building appreciation for his sound and talent. With the album expected to be a success and fame imminent, the exciting sound that he has made is certain to gain interest from across the world.
Stevie Priest has been in a group named Inkontrol in the past. Inkontrol consisted of three group members. This group performed and was loved all over. After a few years the group split apart. Stevie had paused in his music career for sometime but after realizing that making music was his main goal he began singing and writing solo. He began featuring his talent at various NYC locations, playing at numerous gigs and making sure that his name and music was being heard by as many people as possible. He was quickly noted for his style that he brought to NYC and his popularity began to grow.
Finally Stevie Priest is currently working on his debut album called Drinks On Me. He plans to make this album a success. It seems that NYC has an appreciation for his sound and talent, and are eager to have their first chance to listen to the completed album.


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Home Entertainment Get ready to lose face, as a Cabin Fever prequel is on the way
Get ready to lose face, as a Cabin Fever prequel is on the way
By Darryn Bonthuys
I don't know about you guys, but there are far too few horror films on the market today that deal with flesh-eating virus outbreaks. Cabin Fever was one of those movies that explored the topic and scratched that necrotic itch, but after a lacklustre sequel, the franchise rotted away.
Well now, it seems that the face-rotting idea is getting a revival, in the form of Cabin Fever: Patient Zero
Kaare Andrews, former comic book artist and now director is in negotiations to helm the prequel film, which will be made in the US and Dominican Republic while distributor Indomnia Group also finances the project.
Telling the origins of the flesh-eating virus, the new film starts when a cruise ship runs aground a research island that unleashes the disease, with the passengers on board having to find a way to survive before infection sets in.
Jake Wade Wall, who recently wrote a script for the remake of The Hitcher, is handling scripting duties for the film.
Original Cabin Fever producerEvan Astrowsky and his Hypotenuse Pictures will co-produce the film with Indomnia, while CEO Jasbinder Singh Mann executive produces.
Editor at Critical Hit. Inventor of the macho Swiss gym chocolate known as Testoblerone. That's...that's about it really.
Bloodstained: Ritual of the Night sequel confirmed to be in development
The sequel to the spiritual-successor to Castlevania: Symphony of the Night will hopefully…


I read your receipe for rosehip tea. I was wondering if you can still get the vitamin benefit if the rosehips are dried. Also are some kinds of roses better than others?
Yes, you will still have an abundance of vitamins from the dried rose hips for your tea, especially vitamin C. The antique roses are always the best to use, but they are rare and hard to find these days. Just like your heirloom tomatoes or peppers, they are always the best tasting and highest in vitamins and minerals. But the seeds are hard to locate and the plants are even harder, but well worth the effort.


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← Christie orders Legislature into property tax special session Thursday
Two independents forced off congressional ballots; NJWeedman may be next →
Population estimates suggest major redistricting looms
Posted on June 29, 2010 by Michael Symons
The Census Bureau last week issued its last round of population estimates for every municipality before this year's official counts are released in early 2011, and they suggest that some serious retooling of the legislative map is in store in advance of next year's Senate and Assembly races.
Six districts have estimated populations that are too large, if the estimates prove correct, with another three districts are are pretty close. The six that would have to shed towns include the 2nd and 9th districts along the Shore, the 12th and 30th districts in Central Jersey, the 3rd District in rural South Jersey and the 23rd District in rural northwest New Jersey.
Another seven districts have estimated populations that are too small and would need to expand. These include the 27th, 29th and 34th districts in Essex County, the 31st, 32nd and 33rd districts in Hudson County and the 15th District in Mercer County.
The legislative districts that need to contract, naturally, are not surrounded by districts that need to expand. So there could be a lot of shuffling, if not a wholesale relocation of one district, most likely from the urban northeast corner, to the South Jersey shore region.
The state's estimated population in 2009 was just over 8.7 million. Divided equally into 40 legislative districts, that would mean 217,693 people in each.
But unlike with congressional districts, the map-makers don't have to pretend the Census count is accurate. They're allowed to be within 5 percent, above or below that average. So under the 2009 estimates, districts would be OK if they had populations between 206,809 and 228,578.
For the purposes of this blog post, the populations of Jersey City and Newark, each of which were split between three legislative districts because they're too big to fit into one district, the portion of each city's population was assigned in 2009 at the same levels as they were back in 2000. The census doesn't provide estimates for individual wards or sections of municipalities. Five of the six districts that include Jersey City and Newark currently project as too small to be within 5 percent of the average.
About Michael Symons
Michael Symons has covered seven governors while working in Gannett's Statehouse Bureau -- a stint which actually only stretches back to 2000, but the door revolves quickly in New Jersey politics. He's co-author of the biography "Chris Christie: The Inside Story of His Rise to Power."
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged census, population, redistricting. Bookmark the permalink.
2 Responses to Population estimates suggest major redistricting looms
Mark Quick says:
Interesting the 23 district is on this list and me being active in my local area that being the 23 district. I have been warned that if I am not careful my local townships will be removed from Warren and moved to a district that will make me in effect not a factor. There is going to be some back room deals to protect those now sitting in the State Assembly and just figured the public needs to know. Mark Quick
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A second look at news, and not-quite-news, on New Jersey, its politics and government, from the Statehouse Bureau of New Jersey Press Media.
During the past month, Gov. Chris Christie has been to several states for fundraisers and he is now in Mexico on a trade mission. Do you approve of all these travels?
No. He should stay home and focus on New Jersey's problems.
Yes. I think he would make a great president, and these visits help lay the groundwork for his candidacy.
Yes. His visits help raise the profile of New Jersey and can only help the state.
No. He would make a terrible president and he should stop trying to dupe people into believing in him.
Bob Jordan
Bob Jordan has covered state, county and muncipal governments for the past 10 years. He has also covered the gaming industry and has been a sports team beat writer for NHL, NBA and major league baseball teams.
John Schoonejongen
John Schoonejongen is state editor for Gannett New Jersey newspapers. He has reported and edited at New Jersey newspapers from Salem County to Passaic County, writing about everything from state politics to lost pigs on the Delaware Memorial Bridge. Born in Camden County, he still speaks with a southern New Jersey accent, much to his wife's annoyance.
Judy M. Feeney
Judy M. Feeney is Director of Digital Initiatives for New Jersey Press Media, including the Asbury Park Press, Courier News, Home News Tribune and Daily Record.
E-mail Judy M.
Tweets by @CapitolQuickies
▷▷▷ Health insurance exchange bill heads to Christie – Asbury Park Press (blog) : OInsuranceData.Com!. on Health insurance exchange bill heads to Christie
- Short Sale ImpleMentor LLC. on New Jersey tax collections rise in July, though still likely short for last fiscal year
Chris Christie Is Massively Successful, And People Are Totally Wrong About Why | Business Insider Australia on Corzine's first ads
Chris Christie Is Massively Successful, And People Are Totally Wrong About Why on Corzine's first ads
Chris Christie Is Massively Successful, And People Are Totally Wrong About Why | cumulusreport.com / nimbusreport.com on Corzine's first ads
2009 governor's race Alex DeCroce Assembly Atlantic City Barack Obama Barbara Buono Bret Schundler budget deficit campaign finance Chris Christie Chris Daggett corruption Cory Booker economy Election Law Enforcement Commission employment Frank Lautenberg Frank Pallone FY2010 FY2011 Hurricane Irene Jeff Tittel Jim McGreevey jobs Joe Roberts John Wisniewski Jon Corzine Kim Guadagno Leonard Lance Loretta Weinberg pensions property tax cap property taxes Raymond Lesniak Richard Codey Robert Menendez Rush Holt Rutgers University Sandy Senate Sheila Oliver state Senate Stephen Sweeney Steve Lonegan Thomas Kean Jr.
Politics Patrol: The Bob Ingle Blog
Baltimore happenings overshadowed Bridgegate matters May 2, 2015
Busy day for Bridgegate and TV May 1, 2015
US Attorney holds Bridgegate press conference today May 1, 2015
Poll: N.J. voters think Menendez is guilty as charged April 30, 2015
Difference in how Chris Christie and Scott Walker treat state taxpayers April 28, 2015
OK, then, so Christie, Palatucci and Kyrillos all have ties to the Bushes April 24, 2015
Congratulations! You've earned enough to pay taxes – except in New Jersey April 24, 2015
Poll: Rubio leads GOP field, Christie tied for 5th place April 23, 2015
Chris Christie didn't make Koch brothers' 5-candidate list April 22, 2015
N.J. voters lose faith in Christie, Kochs like Walker, friend goes for Jeb April 21, 2015
Christie's travels
Nov. 20-22: Phoenician Resort, Phoenix, AZ ... Republican Governors Association meeting.
Dec. 5: Cox Convention Center, Oklahoma City, OK ... $125 per person 'birthday celebration' fundraiser for Gov. Mary Fallin. TRIP CANCELLED DUE TO ICE STORM IN OKLAHOMA.
Dec. 6: The Coeur d'Alene Resort, Coeur d'Alene, ID ... $1000 per couple for VIP reception, $50 for rally for Gov. Butch Otter.
Dec. 11: Blue Ribbon Pavilion at Champlain Valley Expo, Essex Junction, VT ... $1,000 per couple for private reception, $50 per ticket for cocktails/dinner at Vermont Republican Party's Welcome Winter Gala.
Flags lowered in NJ today to honor Scalia
NJ Assembly meets for voting session
Sweeney in Linden calling for Tremley Point interchange
Christie foes plan rally and retort to budget plan
Guadagno attending opening of Plainfield magnet school


I will freely admit, it was almost impossible for me to sit down on the computer just now. The past few days have been filled with all sorts of goodness, primarily, in the four-legged, furry form.
And actually, for once, I'm not talking about cows.
Or sheep. Man, there's a lot of four-legged, furry things runnin' around these parts.
…rather, I am talking about our new puppies. Yes, I said it. Puppies.
I know!!!! Puppies make me happier than Georgia in a pink-tutu themed chocolate store.
"Loch" and "Luna" are (for a short time anyway) the newest additions to our farm. The pups are an LDG cross – primarily Great Pyrenees.
But in all seriousness, ahem, acquiring these puppies was not something we did lightly. Unlike many other dog-owning homes, we can't just 'decide' to get a dog and have it be. When one lives on a farm, one must take many factors into account. Like children. And boundaries. And free range chickens. And stuff.
1. How much land do you have?
Livestock guardian dogs are notoriously large dogs. They are bred for one purpose and one purpose only: guarding livestock. Because of this, they're constantly on the prowl for invaders. They need room to roam, baby. I've read conflicting reports as to how much land is 'enough' land, but I would guesstimate the minimum should be around an acre. We sit on a 10 acres.
2. Will the dog have livestock to guard?
When we purchased our dogs from the breeder, one of the first questions that we were asked is if we had livestock. These dogs are not happy without a job and without a purpose. Guarding livestock is their purpose. Without livestock to guard, well, their life is pretty much purposeless (at least in their minds). Our dogs will be in charge of guarding the cow (and her calf), the herd of sheep, the pigs, and the chickens.
3. Have room for one more?
It's been noted (by most everyone who has had livestock guardian dogs before) that they tend to perform much better in a pack. The dogs will often trade off 'watch' – while one rests another will stand guard until they switch. One dog will chase off invaders while the other will stand guard of the flock. They work better as a team – at least two (or more!). Even though we only intended to get one dog for the farm, we inevitably ended up with two new puppies for this reason. They can learn, grow, play, and protect together as a team.
4. Do you have the time to invest?
It can take anywhere from 18 months – 2 1/2 years for livestock guardian dogs to reach maturity. During this time, you're required to invest a lot of your time into them. Much like a healthy marriage, a good livestock guardian dog is not an overnight success. It takes hours and hours, weeks and weeks of patience, correction, and instruction.
It was for this reason that we thought now would be the good time to get our own pups. Even though we have three young kids and life can be a bit cray-cray around these parts, we knew that in two years, we'd really need mature dogs around (we dream of expanding our sheep herd even more…). I wasn't interested in starting to train a dog when I had a field full of valuable ewes and their lambs. I need a trained dog before all those animals (and all of their profits!) are put at risk.
In the next few months alone, we'll be welcoming two new ewe lambs, new lambs from Rosie, three new heritage (and extremely valuable) piglets, and a new calf from Sal. Each of those animals represents the future of our farm and an incredible value to our family. Cougars and coyotes pose a serious risk around these parts. I'm not interested in my animals becoming supper (at least for the predators, anyway).
All that to say, it was essential we start training pups as early as possible.
5. Do you have access to a good breeder?
I'm not so interested in any one specific breed of LGD. These are many noted breeds that do a great job. When we started looking for local breeders, we found a few… but most of them just bred the dogs for the sake of selling the puppies. We needed to find a breeder that bred and raised the dogs for work!
That is, after all, what these dogs are for.
1. Did the pups have high quality nutrition? Did their mother? Just like with humans, a whole-foods based diet is great for dogs. And, as we all know, nutrition is the building blocks of life!
2. Are the parents around? Are they able to teach the pups basic skills? This is a great way to also see temperament/interactions/etc. Good parents will show their pups lots of skills from the very beginning. Our pups had parents and grandparents right on site. Such a fantastic learning tool.
3. Are the dogs well socialized? To animals? Kids? Noise? Farm life is a busy life and it's essential the dogs are acclimated to what that looks like – the earlier in their life the better! Our dogs were chosen specifically for their personality and their temperament with children.
We were blessed enough to find a local breeder, named Huckleberry, who helped, educated, and guided us along our first LGD purchase. He helped pair us with the best pups for our situation and drove out of his way to meet us and make it all possible.
Aww. It makes me want to love anyone named Huckleberry. For starters, it's a great name. And for two, it will now always be associated in my mind with puppies. What could be better.
The puppies were brought back to the farm, where they promptly met the livestock and took up lounging and romping around their new dog house (donated by a friend of ours who no longer needed it).
Each morning, they are taken around the perimeter of the property by our entire crew: Stu, with his walking stick and flat hat. Georgia, with her tutu and Daddy's coat she insisted on wearing. Owen, with his own miniature walking stick and snotty nose. Mama Shaye, with her un-makeuped face and incredible fashion sense. Toby, the border collie, with his wisdom and never ending energy. And now, Loch and Luna.
The morning walks are a time to teach them their boundary that they are in charge of protecting. We're still teaching them their names and some basic commands. We also continue to facilitate interaction (monitored interaction) between them and the livestock. The sheep don't pay too much mind yet (the pups are small and unthreatening). Sally licks and smells, just like a Mama (secretly, I think she's just getting desperate to get that calf out of her belly so she can be a free Mama again!).
Also, just a quick note: the puppies are almost impossible to photograph. For starters, they never sit still. And for second, one is white and one is black. It's a manual-exposure-setting nightmare.
Though the pups are still settling in, and though there was a lot to consider in bringing them to the farm, it's nice to be settling into a routine with them and be on the path of companionship and guardianship.
Man, these pups are smart. We need more of those smart animals around here. It makes up for the all the chickens. And Amen.
DISCLOSURE: In order for me to support my blogging activities, I may receive monetary compensation or other types of remuneration for my endorsement, recommendation, testimonial and/or link to any products or services from this blog. I appreciate the support and love y'all have shown this 'ol blog and will only recommend products that I use, love, or covet. The end.
I've put together a fresh printable of a few of my favorite new fall recipes for you to enjoy in your own kitchen. They're easily adaptable based on your family's needs and your garden's offerings.
Looking forward to reading more on this adventure – this is definitely something we want to pursue. Just out of curiosity – is the whole 10 acres fenced in? Are you showing them that boundary? Or just the boundary that's fenced/you want them to protect? We have about 13 acres total, and 90% unfenced (no large animals yet).
Thanks for this post! And impeccable timing at that. We just moved to a small dairy farm that my husband is working on (only renting for now. It is a 70 acre plot with even more surrounding arces of other farms). We have a 2 year old mutt who is our family dog thats really good for nothing except barking 😉 We aren't allowed pets inside so we designated the summer kitchen house for our Louie and two cats. Well last week I notcied coyotes about a field over and last night notcied them awfully close to the barns and summer kitchen. I talked to my hubby about getting two great pyrenees dogs. My question is how is your border collie taking to the new pups? Is your previous dog male or female? Do they all stay together outside?
We've got the guns ready to take out some coyotes but I'd really like something else out there for 24/7 protection.
I myself live on a small hobby farm with 6 acres. We have horses, chickens, geese, barn cats and a couple small house dogs…but a donkey is next on my list, I've read that they are great for keeping coyote away! I have looked into guardian dogs and will defiantly be gettin a couple of them also. We don't have wild cats in southern Minnesota, but coyote are all over the place, along with Eagles. Good luck with your New farm!! If I we're you, I would get a solar electric set up low enough to protect your animals, they even have it as fencing, in not that expensive, and so worth the expense to keep your animals safe.
I have friends in Northern Wisconsin with a hobby farm, and she swears by donkeys to keep the predators away. Currently they have two donkeys and no problems with wolves or coyotes. Apparently the noise alone is enough to deter them. They still have some skunk and weasel issues in the henhouse now and then, but the threat to the goats, pigs, and poultry from larger predators is almost gone. I don't know anyone with livestock guardian dogs — these friends just have a pair of English Springer Spaniels as companions.
This is awesome. We are looking forward to getting a LGD this year, and this is super great info for me. Thank you!
I am always thrilled to see farms such as your implementing long proven, down home strategies to live off the land and raise children in such an environment. For that, I applaud you and I always enjoy reading your posts on the various topics about which you so eloquently write. However, on this topic, I must say, you are sadly misinformed. You've got the qualities of a good LGDS nailed down, but you have the wrong dogs. The pups in the photos are clearly lab mixes and no responsible LGD breeder out there would sell such mixed breeds as livestock guardian dogs. There is a huge difference in the mentality of a true LGD and that of any other dog. They have been bred and raised for centuries to do what you describe in this article. Unfortunately, someone claiming to be a reputable breeder has sold you dogs that will likely never be what you intend them to be. There are certain breeds of LGDs and when crossed with Non-LGD dogs, often prove to have just as much of the undesirable instincts to chase/kill/harass your livestock as desire to protect them. (talk about a confused dog!). Since they are often given the assignment of protection, with easy access to the animals they are meant to protect, they have ample opportunity to wreak havoc on a farm. Horror stories abound. I have bred Anatolian Shepherds for years and own Great Pyrenees also in a working situation. True, reputable breeders of actual LGD breeds will all agree that information like the article above only serve to confuse people who don't do their research about true LGDs and make them think that just any dog can be a livestock guardian. ANY dog cannot be a LGD! I do hope you will keep us posted on their progress, but do not make the mistake of believing these dogs are going to be LGDs. They may turn out to be wonderful farm dogs, and yes, I have had labs for years and love them, too. (In fact one is sleeping at my feet.) Their personalities though are very different and you just can't train in that instinct to guard. They are hard wired for their specific job just like LGDs are instinctive in theirs. I wish you the best with these pups, and I hope they can be a wonderful addition to your farm and do no harm. But please be careful. You have a long road ahead as they mature and enter the dreaded "big puppy" stage when their ornery behavior will be over the top. They absolutely CANNOT be left alone with livestock! I am positive when they gang up and kill their first chicken, or lamb or whatever, it will not make a very nice story for your blog. Good luck and please heed the warning that I have given and know it will be echoed by other breeders of LGDs.
Shelley, I appreciate your advice, but the pups do not have any lab in them. Thanks!
What breed(s) is mixed with the Great Pyrenees in your pups? They certainly do look a lot like labs. We own chickens and horses and have a Great Pyrenees, as a pet, not to guard the livestock specifically. The instinct to guard definitely runs deep. She barks at just about anything that moves and is hyper-vigilant about protecting the property and her (flock) consisting of my husband and myself, our 4 other dogs, 3 cats, 12 chickens and 2 horses. They are great dogs but being a giant and working breed, unless they have a "job" to do can get into a lot of mischief as they mature. It took ours till about age 3 to get out of that stage. She's now almost 3 1/2 and still can find things to get into if we don't keep things "puppy-proofed", not easy with such a large dog, she can reach just about anything she sets her mind to getting. Good Luck!
Can you please tell me if I can put a 10 week old fUll blood GP pup out with my other 5 yr old GP LGD? We had 2 5 yr old males & 1 I came up missing & we found a 10 wk old female pup, but I didn't know if I could just put her out with our 5 yr old GP that has been on our property since he was a pup! I don't even want her in at night do I? I don't want her to be in our home, I want her to be out & do her job?
Cute dogs, it starts with one and jumps to three mine did that as well my hubby keeps bringing them home, your kids must be in puppy heaven. Those don't look anything like great pyr though, what are they mixed with? One of my tenants has a arctic/timber wolf that is best friends with my Great Pyranees he is teaching him horrible kill small animal habits that need to be broken immediately.
How lovely! I'm a little envious but it's a huge commitment. One I feel i don't have time for at this stage. I will enjoy watching your puppies grow!
So cute! We live on a quarter section of mostly bush and have felt that a good guard dog to be one of the most essential animals on our property. We've heard of some other locals near us that have given up on livestock due to predators. In our year and a half here we've only lost one hen to a predator. We started with one dog but now have two and they both work hard all night to keep our little farm safe. Sometimes the training and teaching have been very frustrating, but I don't think we could have animals (or let our children far from the house!) without them. Good luck to your training!
Great tips here, Shaye! Our next round of dogs will LGDs (we have two house dogs now, throw backs to our city homes) and these tips are helpful to consider! And the cuteness?! Yeah…that's a thing, isn't it 😉 Have fun with those sweeties!
Ahhhh!!!!! Puppies!!!! Those faces just melt the heart, I tell ya! Congrats for your new additions and we can't wait to see and read how the training goes. Do they currently sleep outside with the livestock, or will that come down the road? Congrats again!
Oh puppies are cute cute cute…… But so much work.
I'm glad it's you and not me. Wink!
You have more patience than me! We got a 6yo Great P from someone leaving the farm life….he is wonderful! We had a Plott Hound puppy, who ran away after a few months, and a Blue Healer who killed a duck and went back to previous owner in less than a week. We plan to get a GP pup and hopefully it will learn from the 6yo.
Nice! We are picking up a Great Pyrenees from a line of working dogs near is in GA on Tuesday… The cows, sheep, goats, etc. have donkeys for protection but the chickens had nothing for the predators (ground or aerial) so LGDs here we go… Should be great! Thanks for the fun updates!
We have had a Great Pyr on our farm foe so many years. Think we are on our 4th one. We also have a llama, neutered, that stays with our flock of sheep 24/7. Between the two, I think we have a best case scenario. I have seen a great Pyr actually nursing a baby lamb and one of our would stay with a newborn in the field if the ewe walked off. Have one now that mo one gets in the barn unless they speak her name. Would NEVER be without a LGD!!!!
Hi Shaye love your blog we live on an acreage and have part time free ranging chickens and a 10 month old austailian shepard similar to a border collie in temperment and energy level. Recently she has mauled two chicken not killing them.
Did you ever have this problem? I also feel like shes a dog who needs a job but at the moment we don't have any other livestock so struggle to find her a job other than herding the chickens to death.
Our dog is the same way though he has learned not to 'play' with the animals. Often looks like he wants to eat them which scares visitors. I might put a rabbit in a small pen or something like that which could occupy him but set boundaries as well. Honestly, it will probably take some training for him to act round the livestock the way you want him to.
Thank you so much for taking the time to share your Puppy experience and training. Your blog is a pleasure to read, and the pictures are adorable.
Best of luck to you. We have two pups who were not so lovingly chosen. They showed up at our place one day, having been dumped in the woods near our home at about 8 weeks of age. Cute as all get out and our kids immediately loved the puppies. They are large black labs, and while they happily keep the deer out of our yard, they have thus far killed every one of our chickens they can get their paws on, after a full year of carefully working with them around the birds as they grew. They've also killed squirrels, possums, rabbits, and anything else they find. We've been working with a trainer, but we're so disappointed with our dogs' drive to kill everything they find. If you have any advice about how to work with a 1.5 year old pair of large dogs to retrain them not to kill chickens, I'd love if you could post about it!
I know a lot of people don't like the idea, but with my dogs I have always used training collars. Basically it's an electric collar with two options on the remote control, buzz/beep and shock. You do a beep followed quickly by a shock the first couple of times, and after that a smart and/or submissive dog will never need the shock again. It's worked wonders for our headstrong terrier and made training our Irishdoodle much less stressful. It's possible that could work with your labs?
We had a maremma x great pyrenees mountain dog a few years ago. It wAs to protect US. Unfortunately we had to get rid of her as she barked ALL NIGHT long. We were getting constant abusive phone calls from the neighbours in the wee small hours of the night. We'd find her barking at birds and frogs. Nothing serious. So we moved her along to a friend haha and got a german shepherd for our personal protection. She wasn't the easiest dog to catch and wasn't cuddly at all so it didn't worry me too much. Any good dog will alert you to things being 'wrong' about the place. My Cairn terriers and labradors have been the best watchdogs of all. The german shepherds are beautiful with my family and absolutely give the impression to go away to intruders. However, I'll be going back to labradors soon. We only have issues with foxes and the i cassional wild cat or dog- or neighbour's dog on the loose. I find labs so fabulous and quite protective as well.
The best tip I can give is to have the pups live night and day with the stock they are to guard. Sure you have to vet them and care for them, but they're not pets at all, they have a serious job and anyone who has had succes with them here in Aus raise them as part of the flock. Be that sheep or chooks. Not too much human interaction at all. I hope they work out to be evrything you need.
I had to giggle a little at your comment about the Cairn terriers… mine is about the worst watch/guard dog I've ever met.
We have a Pyr/Anatolian mix. I wish I had researched more before our purchase. Shaye did well getting two. I found out after the fact that I should have purchased 2 and from a working stock. We purchased one from a family who raises them for pets. If you are interested in purchasing the Pyrenees, research, research, research and make sure you take in ALL the information and consider carefully your purchase. The other thing I didn't realize was they bark! Did I mention they BARK? All night? Sometimes I wonder how she has a voice in the morning. My poor hubby is ready to pull his hair out. We purchased her because we have 12 Nubians with coyotes and neighboring dogs. Well, again my inexperience has possibly resulted in the fact she wont be guarding the goats, but us. She should have been kept with the goats from the beginning, but she was so very cute, we kept her inside at night. At this point, to get any sleep, IF we can "convince" her to come inside, she's in so she'll just BE QUIET. We're also worried about our neighbors….keep their proximity to your property in mind. They might be a little upset to be kept awake all night by the dog who barks at the leaves rustling in the wind, or a mouse scampering across the lawn. We love our dog, but they are NOT easily trained and very LOUD. She is super sweet with an undisciplined 2 year old mentality. For example, if she sets her mind to something, you can call her all day long and she's going to pursue her instincts over your command. I guess, in summary, carefully consider what you are getting into. It's unfair to your pup to decide after the fact you can't handle the barking or their independent, strong-willed nature. If properly trained and from a good working stock, I am sure they will be awesome dogs. GOOD LUCK!
Our Pyr is from working parents, supposedly Pyr/Anatolian mix, our girl looks like pure Pyr as does her sister who a friend owns. We also didn't research till AFTER we got her. Yes, they do bark, loudly, and frequently. She barked more at night as a young pup. It's less common now (she's 3 1/2) unless they go out to use the bathroom at night. She sleeps with us in our bedroom with our 4 other dogs and occasionally one to three of our cats. During the day it's a different story, she barks at passing cars, neighbors, deer, etc. I've seen her wake up from a sound sleep because a deer was on our property.
I agree they aren't easy to train. Very independent, which makes sense due to what they are bred to do. Ours often won't come when called unless she wants to and still often has the mentality of an undisciplined 2 year old as you mentioned. She knows well and good when she's being naughty but it's like she just can't help herself. If she's busy interested in something it's almost like she's deaf. She minds me better than she does my husband and she's as tall as me when standing on her hind legs and I only outweigh her by about 15 #! But I must say, she is sweet, cuddly, loving, affectionate and gentle with our other pets, not to mention just adorable even as a 100# adult!
We live in the country and get foxes, coyotes, mountain lions, deer, skunks, possums, racoons and an occasional bear around here. Our vet said the barking is an asset in this situation, especially with the large cats and the fact that we often have 5 dogs barking. The predators will think it's a pack of dogs and steer clear.
What are they crossed with?
These are LGD mutts – primarily Great Pyrenees. Their parents were both working LGD.
Congrats on your new pups. I have just read some of the comments posted here and I must agree with many of those who voice their concerns about the cross breed you have. The two pups do not show any traits of GP, and look mostly like lab crosses, particularly when they come in black! I too think that the pups you have acquired are perhaps more something else than LGD, which would be very concerning to me as a livestock owner. Did the breeder not say what the cross was? It sounds to me that the breeder pulled perhaps the proverbial "wool over your eyes" on this one. I am sorry if these comments offend or hurt, but I have to fully agree with Shelley and her observations. Please tell us in what way these pups are bred (other than mostly GP) as I see no GP at all in them. Are they Akbash cross, or Anatolian?
We are just starting out with our small farm and are hoping to get chickens and goats in the spring. I've been researching LGD like crazy…and the cost of getting one, much less two, are keeping me from making the plunge. Of course, I looked at some of the rescues, but none will adopt to us because we turned a dog in (we lived in the city and the dog turned out to be a herding dog, contrary to "expert" at the rescue…my children were terrified of her after a few weeks of nipping). So now, we have a tarnished name in the world of rescue shelters because these people value the dog over all else. It's so frustrating.
and truly good material in support of readers.
I have a question. We may be moving to Mississippi and getting 2 or more acreas. We want to raise a couple steers, goats, and chickens. We will back up to a lot of trees where predators can hid. Is a guardian dog a good choice or should we look into another animal ( lama, donkey, etc)?
We have chickens – that coyotes just took out 7 of 9 in one day. We have just gotten a 4 month old puppy – 1/2 Anatolian and 1/2 Great Pyrenees / Lab mix. In addition we have kennels where we house WORK(drug) dogs. I am wondering if we can train the pup to guard the work dogs in the kennels as well as the chickens? What do you think? I need input and the why behind it please.
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The news is broadcast around the world: Thomas Dressen wins ski racing's hardest and most important race. Just 24, he achieves legendary status, after a perfect run down the ice-hard "Streif", also his first World Cup victory.
Just a few seconds have the power to completely change a life. This is what happens in Kitzbühel, Austria. From the steepest start of all the World Cup races just 116 seconds pass until the man in the black and white skinsuit races over the finish line at 140 km/h. On the display board a green number 1 lights up. Followed by jubilant cheering.
The start line is at an elevation of 1,665 meters on the Hahnenkamm. The race sets off with a 50% gradient, with the first spectacular jumps in the Mousetrap, which is also the steepest section (85%). It is followed by the Compression, where the downhillers are subjected to forces of ten times their bodyweight, then into the Carousel, and the extended technical right turn of the Steilhang's steep slope.
On the relatively flat Brückenschuss skiers need to demonstrate their gliding skills. Then, suddenly, it's: jump over the Old Corridor and straight on to the Seidlalm Jump, the Larch Glide, and then Hausberg Corner, which is visible from the finish area. Onto the final 50 meters, one last hard push over the Traverse to the finish line, reaching speeds of up to 140 km/h.
Thomas Dressen goes into the race with number 19. After the first split time it is clear: there could be a surprise! The young German jumps 38 meters in the Mousetrap, accelerates to 113 km/h, masters the Steilhang with flying colors and comes – thanks to clearly, perfectly prepared skis – out of the gliding section with a half-second lead.
With his uvex contest goggle he can see the smallest indentations on the slope. The customs and excise sergeant, who weighs 97 kg, travels as if on rails to the finish line. Beating Swiss Downhill World Champion Beat Feuz, who had been in the lead, by 0.2 seconds, pushing him into second place. Although it sounds like the blink of an eye, at 140 km/h this means a lead of 5.7 meters. Thomas Dressen has won the Streif – and written history – in 116.5 seconds.
The race that every ski racer wants to win.
Thomas Dressen made his Ski World Cup debut on February 21st 2015. Since then, he has continued to improve, so his victory in Kitzbühel was no coincidence. In December he pushed hard on the challenging Birds Of Prey course in Beaver Creek, USA to his first World Cup podium. And followed it with two 5th place finishes: in the Alpine Combined in Bormio, Italy and Classic Downhill in Lauberhorn in Wengen, Switzerland.
In March, Dreßen causes another sensation.
Finally, after 39 years, suddenly a German racer is once again at the top in Kitzbühel, the classic downhill competition. And in March, Dreßen causes another sensation: a place on the podium in Kvitfjell, Norway. Together with Sepp Ferstl and Markus Wasmeier, Dreßen is now the most successful German downhill racer of all time in the World Cup.
Dreßen chooses a safe companion for both training and race: the uvex race carbon ski helmet. Good looks, even better protection. And the innovative uvex DSV lens has ensured perfect vision all throughout the season – in all weather conditions. A feeling of perfect safety has definitely opened up some new possibilities. "You just dare to go to the limit", says World Cup winner Dreßen. And that has obviously led to great success.


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Der Begriff Wasserstoffelektrode wird allgemein für Elektroden verwendet, an denen Wasserstoffgas H2 entwickelt oder verbraucht wird. Die Wasserstoffelektrode ist ein wichtiges Hilfsmittel für Messungen in der Elektrochemie und der Physikalischen Chemie: Sie ist eine der wichtigsten Referenzelektroden, das heißt, sie dient zur Bestimmung des Potentials anderer Elektroden durch eine einfache Spannungsmessung. Das Potential ist die wichtigste Größe zur Beschreibung des elektrochemischen Zustands einer Elektrode.

Besonders bedeutsam sind die Normal- (NHE) und die Standardwasserstoffelektrode (SHE), da deren Potential als Nullpunkt der Standardpotentialskala definiert ist.
Das Potential von Wasserstoffelektroden wird durch die Reaktion:

beschrieben.

Standard-Wasserstoffelektrode (SHE)

Die Standardwasserstoffelektrode (engl. , kurz SHE) ist auf eine Ionen-Aktivität von 1 mol/l und einem Wasserstoff-Druck von 1013 hPa bei jeder Temperatur normiert. Sie dient zunächst wie jede Bezugselektrode dem Zweck, ein genau definiertes Potential zu liefern. Darüber hinaus ist sie zur Bestimmung von Standardpotentialen besonders geeignet, da ihr Potential definitionsgemäß der Nullpunkt der Potentialskala ist. Das absolute Elektrodenpotential der Wasserstoffelektrode beträgt bei 298,15 K nach IUPAC-Empfehlung 4,44±0,02 V.

Im Gegensatz zur Standardwasserstoffelektrode arbeitet die Normalwasserstoffelektrode (NHE = Normal Hydrogen Electrode) mit der Ionen-Konzentration des Wasserstoffs unter ansonsten gleichen Bedingungen.

Aufbau und Funktion
Dem Potential der Wasserstoffelektrode liegt folgende Reaktion zugrunde:

Das technische Problem bei einer Wasserstoffelektrode ist, dass Wasserstoff als Gas weder Elektrodenform annehmen kann, noch elektrisch leitet. Daher verwendet man eine Hilfselektrode in Form eines neutralen Edelmetalls (Platin). Diese wird mit Wasserstoffgas umspült, das an der Platinoberfläche adsorbiert und dieses mit einer hauchdünnen Schicht von Wasserstoffatomen überzieht. Somit erhält man einen "Wasserstoffblock", der im Inneren aus Platin besteht – die Wasserstoffelektrode.

Die Standard-Wasserstoffelektrode, die den Nullpunkt der Standardpotentialskala festlegt, besteht daher aus einem platinierten (d. h. elektrolytisch mit Platinmohr überzogenem) Platinblech, das in eine Säure-Lösung mit einer Ionenaktivität der Protonen  von  eintaucht. Die Platinelektrode wird von Wasserstoffgas bei einem Druck von 1013 hPa und einer Temperatur von 298,15 K umspült. Das Wasserstoffgas adsorbiert teilweise am Platin, bildet ein Gleichgewicht mit den Wasserstoffionen der Säure und legt so das elektrochemische Potential fest.

Das elektrische Potential, das sich an dieser Elektrode bildet, ist das Standardpotential, das als identisch Null definiert wird.

Bedeutung und Handhabung
Da Standardpotentiale relativ zur Standard-Wasserstoffelektrode gemessen werden, hat diese Elektrode eine große Bedeutung für die Physikalische Chemie. Ihre Handhabung ist jedoch sehr umständlich: Zum einen erfordert sie den Umgang mit Wasserstoffgas, wobei durch geschlossene Gefäße die Knallgasbildung vermieden werden muss. Eine sauerstofffreie Atmosphäre im Elektrolytgefäß ist auch nötig, da Sauerstoff das Potential der Elektrode verfälschen kann. Zum anderen ist eine Platinelektrode anfällig für Verunreinigungen, so dürfen keine Fettspuren z. B. von Fingerabdrücken vorhanden sein; um eine hohe katalytische Aktivität zu sichern, sollte sie neu platiniert werden. Für genaue Messungen ist zudem die Druckkontrolle gefordert.
Aus diesen Gründen werden Wasserstoffelektroden für Routineuntersuchungen kaum verwendet, ebenso eher selten für Forschungsarbeiten, außer diese zielten darauf ab, Standardpotentiale zu bestimmen. Viel häufiger wurden Kalomel- oder Silber-Silberchlorid-Elektroden (Ag/AgCl) benutzt, bei denen keine gasförmigen Reaktanten auftreten, sodass praktisch keine Druckabhängigkeit auftritt. Heute werden vorwiegend Ag/AgCl-Elektroden eingesetzt, um das giftige Kalomel zu vermeiden. Sie sind im Gegensatz zu Wasserstoffelektroden auch kommerziell in vielen verschiedenen Varianten messfertig erhältlich.

Normal-Wasserstoffelektrode (NHE)
Im Experiment können die Standardbedingungen der SHE nicht eingestellt werden. Dazu zählt die Aktivität der Protonen und der Gasdruck von 1013 hPa. Daher wird empfohlen, als Elektrolyt eine 1 mol/l Salzsäure sowie Wasserstoffgas bei atmosphärischen Bedingungen einzusetzen. In diesem Fall spricht man von der Normal-Wasserstoffelektrode. Die Abweichungen zur SHE sind minimal, aber aufgrund der Nernst-Gleichung pH-abhängig.

Reversible Wasserstoffelektrode (RHE)

Für manche elektrochemischen Untersuchungen werden auch Wasserstoffelektroden verwendet, die bei Umgebungsdruck betrieben werden; die Wasserstoffelektroden für die Wasserelektrolyse arbeiten oft bei Überdruck.
Für Untersuchungen in Säuren oder Laugen benutzt man manchmal auch eine Wasserstoffelektrode in derselben Lösung wie die zu messende Elektrode; sie ist nicht durch eine Salzbrücke getrennt. Auf diese Weise kann man erreichen, dass sich das gemessene Potential nicht mit dem pH-Wert ändert.

Bei der Elektrolyse von Wasser treten Überspannungen auf: Die benötigte Zellspannung ist aufgrund kinetischer Hemmung höher als die Gleichgewichtsspannung. Die Überspannung steigt mit zunehmender Stromdichte an den Elektroden. Die Messung von Gleichgewichtspotentialen erfolgt daher möglichst stromlos.

Siehe auch
 Elektrodenpotential
 Referenzelektrode
 Elektromotorische Kraft
 Salzbrücke
 Redoxpotential
 Elektrochemische Spannungsreihe

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Elektrode (Elektrochemie)

ja:基準電極#標準水素電極


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Actor Director Voice Actor
Young Sam Riegel – Childhood Photos, Age, Family, Height, Weight and More
Check out what Sam Riegel looked like when being younger, net worth, body statistics, and more facts!
Are you a lover of animated series? Do you sometimes wonder whose voice is this behind a certain animated character? There are a lot of actors and actresses who voice these animated characters. If you love Donatello, a character on the animated film "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles," and you don't know who is the voice behind that character, then stick around to learn more about this voice Actor behind Donatello, Sam Riegel.
Sam Riegel has been very successful throughout the years.
Sam Riegel is a voice actor; he has voiced a lot of animated characters in animated films. These are some of the films in which he has featured in as the voice of animated characters Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, where he voiced the character of Donatello, Winx Club, as Riven, Sofia the First as various Characters and many others.
Check out if Sam Riegel is married and other interesting family information.
Sam Riegel is married to Quyen Tran, the couple is blessed with two children, and they live in Los Angeles. Quyen Tran works as a cinematographer.
Quyen Tran
Sam Riegel - Childhood Pics
Here is how Sam Riegel looked when being younger
Samuel Brent Oscar Riegel
Washington D.C USA
1.8 m, 5 feet 11 inches
Actor, Director, Voice Actor
Sam Riegel's height is above average measuring 1.8 m. Sam Riegel weighs 75 kg. Being born on October 9, 1976, translates to an age of 45 years as of todays date (January 28, 2022).
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The Post of Serbia would like to inform all the individual holders of free shares that the time limit for issuing orders at post office counters without charge is extended until 31st December 2020, pursuant to the Ordinance Amending the Ordinance on Procedure and Manner in Which a Lawful Shareholder of the Equity Fund Issues Orders to Brokers for First Selling of Shares (Official Gazette of the RS; No. 76/2018).
You can trade in the free shares of Public enterprise Airport "Nikola Tesla" a. d. Belgrade and "NIS" at the post office counters. Citizens are able to issue orders to sell these shares in about 1,300 units of the postal network, every work day from Monday to Friday. This service will not be provide on Saturdays, Sundays and days of national and religious holidays. Citizens can realize the first sale of free shares without commission at the post office counters and at branch offices of Postal Savings Bank, which was named official broker by the government.
Number of shares– How much shares do you want to sell?
The minimum price for the shares – What is the minimum price for the shares you would like to sell?
The number of the current account – What is the number of the current account to which you want the money to be paid to?
For more information please call the Info centre of the Post on the number 0800 100 300 (free call), or send an SMS inquiry with the text AKCIJE\space\unique number of the Order to the number 2377 (price is 30 dinars plus taxes).


Tyler "Ty" Ford is an associate in the North Carolina state government relations group. In this role, he assists clients in the developing digital economy and emerging technology sectors with legislative tracking services, policy issues, and a variety of other legislative and economic projects. Tyler is involved in many client issues ranging from education, healthcare, transportation, financing and bonds, and general legislative committees.


Although most internet entrepreneurs are conscious of WordPress many is not going to be virtually as conscious of WordPress Categorical. The frequent WP weblog vogue format has really revolutionized the web page based totally on-line advertising and marketing platform. Nonetheless, the issue with the frequent mannequin is two-fold: it does nonetheless require expertise to utilize and value which could merely run various hundred counting on the alternatives you want.
Not too manner again the specific mannequin bought right here on the scene and I want to provide my overview for you. If purchased categorical mannequin nonetheless has a value. Nonetheless, the specific mannequin is obtainable as part of the package deal deal deal at considered one of many on-line on-line advertising and marketing teaching faculties. For full disclosure, I am a member of the varsity which contains WordPress Categorical and as such I've considerable experience using this operating a weblog platform.
The very very first thing I like regarding the categorical mannequin is how quickly chances are you'll select your web page template and get the positioning up and on-line. With my membership college this course of took correctly beneath 15 minutes. Beforehand having spent hours messing spherical with DreamWeaver and completely different additional sophisticated web page design packages, this side of categorical mannequin was implausible!
As quickly as up and dealing, WordPress Categorical was easy to place in a few frequent plugins along with search engine optimisation All in One instrument. From that point developing the pages and posts solely required me to know strategies to variety. Importing photographs can be a snap. For these additional expert on this, I do know my suggestions may sound really elementary nonetheless to those new to this, the efficiency of the specific mannequin was welcomed.
Earlier to WordPress Categorical I did not have web page and was concerned how I was ever going to get this key part of enterprise up and dealing. I was getting pissed off with my on-line promoting efforts. I was undecided the place to point out or what to do. Attributable to my affiliate teaching membership I turned aware of WordPress Categorical and truly have found it to be a welcomed instrument I exploit. I'm not very technically oriented, so if I can try this, I betting so can you! I hope this overview has equipped some insights into its ease of use and efficiency.