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Polystyrene solubility in organic solvents
In organic GPC, sample to column interaction may occur occasionally and eluent modification can be used to eliminate these effects. It also illustrates just how much air is in the Styrofoam. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Acetone is actually more polar than isopropanol! The thing acetone is not as good at is hydrogen bonding. García et al (2007) pointed out that the dissolution of polymeric wastes with suitable solvents is one of the cheapest and more efficient processes for polystyrene waste management. Eur Polym J 2007;43:938–48]. 1 Solubility parameter approach zMiscibility can be estimated by using solubility parameters, which are tabulated for many different polymers and solvents zFor most (non-polar) solvents, the enthalpic contribution to the χparameter can be written where δ A, δ B are the solubility parameters of the solvent Solvents can be organic, meaning the solvent contains carbon as part of its makeup, or inorganic, meaning the solvent does not contain carbon. SOLUBILITY: Insoluble in water and inorganic acids and bases; soluble in many organic solvents, including ethylbenzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and tetrahydrofuran. Accordingly, in this paper will be evaluated the solubility of polystyrene in several solvents. Anhydrous PVP is soluble in – CHX 2 Polystyrene Chemical Resistance Chart, Inorganic Acids, Organic Acids, Alkalies, Alcohols, Ketones, Esters, Ethers, Hydrocarbons, Miscellaneous Therefore, it is insoluble in all regular solvents such as water, organic solvents, mild acidic or basic solution, etc.
© 2003 by John A. While these results point to oligoether side chains being a promising route to aqueous electrolyte compatible organic electronics, these systems often exhibit poor solubility in traditional organic solvents, which inhibits thorough characterization and may make processing difficult. Solvent dyes are essentially insoluble in water but are soluble in different types of organic solvents. The tested samples were compared to controls that had no exposure to solvents to determine the effects of the In the graph to the right, the circle marks the solubility area for the polymer PVC. To avoid extensive purification, an equimolar amount of POSS-NCO with respect to the hydroxyl-terminated polystyrene was used in the urethane formation chem-istry. Figure 4 shows the tensile strength that is retained after SPS samples were immersed in various solvents for 30 days. If the solvent diffuses very slowly into the polystyrene, only the surface will appear to be affected. 3) defined as the square root of the cohesive energy: groups dissolved in organic solvents. In a simpler approach valid for slightly polar solvents, the capacity of a solvent to dissolve a polymer can be estimated by means of the Hildebrand solubility parameter (see regular solution theory in Section 6.
The history of polystyrene dates to 1839 when a German apothecary (druggist) named Eduard Simon discovered styrene in petroleum. 2 These studies can be classified into two divisions: those which involve a mixed solvent system (organic solvent + water) and those which deal with pure organic anhydrous solvents. Crystal engineering offers a number of routes to improved solubility and dissolution rate, which can be adopted through an indepth knowledge of crystallization processes and the molecular properties of active ABS plastic & Solvents: 4 good ideas Microwave Kilns Salty Parts - 3DP in Salt 3DP Glass Recipe Sugar-Sugar Powder Bone Yard - 3DP in Bone A Simplified Process to 3D Print Topographical Maps Jumping a Power Supply for 12 Volts DC RP Journal: Low-cost closed-loop control of a 3D printer gantry . Let's consider these factors more closely. Secondary trap connects between the vacuum pump and the freeze dryer or evaporator to prevent migration of organic solvents into the pump interior Solvents are used in the preparation and isolation of active ingredients for many pesticides and agricultural products. Polystyrene is soluble in acetone, MEK and other ketones, but solubility and the speed with which it dissolves depends, in part, on the molecular mass of the polymer. Dow evaluated the effects of selected Dow Oxygenated Solvents, such as UCARTM n-butyl propionate, UCAR n- A quick demonstration of Styrofoam and polystyrene. The presence of solvents in pesticides promotes slow, more uniform drying to provide adequate penetration and high spraying efficiency thus reducing the total amount of pesticide required. 12.
(polymer used as a tool to facilitate organic synthesis) Physical Data: vary with molecular weight. Conjugated porous organic polymers based on a novel core of tetraphenyl-5,5-dioctylcyclopentadiene (TPDC) have been fabricated in the form of powder (P1), soluble in common organic solvents (P2) as well as aqueous dispersion of nanoparticles (P3). If you want to recover the styrofoam, just evaporate the solvent out and you are left with a solid form of the polystyrene. solubility of POSS and polystyrene in common organic solvents. This will only dissolve in polar solvents. Van Horn,† Wen-Bin Zhang,† The following work demostrates that fluorescein, an amphiphilic molecule with limited solubility in both water and most common organic solvents, as well as an amphiphilic antibiotic, tetracycline, may be solvated and trapped in the organic phase of a biphasic system, and thus encapsulated into hydrophobic polymeric microspheres. Park et al. 71 polyurethane foam (PUF), and a polystyrene divinyl benzene copolymer (XAD-2). Solvent-welding plastic involves using a solvent to partially Good correlations betweenK i 2 (K i being the crack initiation stress intensity factor) and δ s, solvent solubility parameter, of various liquid environments have been obtained, which give a minimumK i 2 value at δ s ≈ δ p, where δ p is the solubility parameter of the polymer.
Daisuke Nakamura,a Minoru Hiranoa and Riichiro Ohtaa. Second, a solvent elimination step by vacuum distillation in a recycling plant. Part 2 - The Hildebrand Solubility Parameter. Solubility parameters were initially developed to guide solvent selection in the paint and coatings industry. 3. In its acid form, the resin is used as a solid acid catalyst in organic synthesis. The first study on solubility determination of chitin was done by Austin who tested chitin in different solvents . Welcome to the official site of HSP and HSPiP. DMSO also dissolves many inorganic salts, particularly transition metals nitrates, cyanides and dichromates.
Posted on August 10, 2010 by Richard While recently trying to apply my limited chemistry knowledge to work out which solvents will dissolve ABS (and failing miserably) I came across the handy table shown below. A. The mixed PEG-PS resin, a highly promising class of solid support, is used 44-46 successfully in polypeptide synthesis. Pawlisch, A. Solubility in Organic Solvents: Polystyrene is soluble in hydrocarbons (eg petrol and mineral turpentine) and esters and ketones (eg acrylic lacquer thinners); insoluble in alcohol (eg methylated spirits) Ingredients Chemical Name Polystyrene CAS No. The tested samples were compared to controls that had no exposure to solvents to determine the effects of the Benzotrifluoride (BTF, trifluoromethylbenzene,a,a,a-trifluorotoluene, C 6H 5CF 3) and related compounds are introduced as new solvents for traditional organic synthesis and for fluorous synthesis. USA Home > Product Directory > Analytical/Chromatography > Analytical Standards > Additional Standards > Polymer Standards > Organic Soluble Polymers > Polystyrene Analytical / Chromatography Home Analytical / Chromatography Products First, a polystyrene dissolution with suitable solvents in the same place where the residue is produced. 5°C. share with friends.
PLgel columns are The purpose of this Ph. Fracture mechanics have been used successfully to describe the mechanics and kinetics of craze or crack initiation and propagation in many polymeric materials immersed in organic solvents. Screening of solvents for their swelling capability for PDMS and solubility of PS 9 17 21 26 34 51 * denotes the swell ratio dataobtained from reference 26. Fa Since polystyrene only contains carbon hydrogen bonds, it is nonpolar and will only dissolve in nonpolar solvents, because like dissolves like. Hansen in 1967 to predict the solubility of polymers in solvents. At first I was like "oh like dissolves like"but then I thought "well water doesn't dissolve polystyrene but acetone does and they're both show more I'm assigned to find 3 "good" and "bad" solvents for polystyrene. Selection of solvent compatible with the PMMA Based on the theoretician methods described in literature for forecast of the dissolution of polymers in solvent organics (nominated, energy of Gibbs of mixture and method of Hansen) and in experimental assays, were selected the following solvents for acrylic adhesive preparation: Toluene Solvent Properties: Solubility in water: 0. 3 Factors Affecting Solubility. comwww.
Perform as many instrumental analyses as possible for other organic solvents depend on the properties of the test substance. Glycerol is soluble in many organic solvents but it is also easy soluble in water. We also market the TSK-GEL PW XL series of high-performance SEC columns, which use an aqueous solvent or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, and are primarily used to analyze water-soluble polymers. It also depends on temperature and, at least for gases, on pressure. A variety of solvents can be applied. 9. Acrylic was partially soluble in chloroform and slightly soluble in THR. Solvent-welding plastic involves using a solvent to partially 4. Its tackiness and extremely pale color, combined with its solubility in common organic solvents and compatibility with resins, film-formers, and oils, have led to its use as a resinous plasticizer and/or tackifier in plastics, lacquers, inks and adhesives.
The added water in the solution of polystyrene solvent in the carrier liquid, as stated, also assists in controlling the desired rate of solvent retention by the polystyrene surfaces exposed thereto. Chitin insolubility affects the scaling up of the processes for the production of chitin-based products. organic solvents and 2) the lack of knowledge concerning the forma tion of the metal-chelate in these media. Because of the many negative environmental effects of VOCs and halogenated solvents, finding alternatives to these solvents is important. Solvents combining chlorobenzene and chloroform (1:1 ratio) have been chosen for spin-coating. 9003-53-6 Proportion, %wt. The partition (K) and diffusion coefficients (Dp) of various solvents at infinite dilution of the solvent were calculated by using the model developed by Pawlisch et al. The solvent can be collected and recycled through drying process, hence reducing the materials cost. Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO), one of the strongest organic solvents, has been used commercially for several decades.
The solubility parameter is a numerical value that indicates the relative solvency behavior of a specific solvent. The authors investigated the solubility of polystyrene foams in several solvents benzene, toluene, It is resistant to a wide variety of solvents and chemicals. GPPS;General purpose polystyrene,physical properties,suppliers,CAS,MSDS,structure,Molecular Formula, Molecular Weight ,Solubility,boiling point, melting point Solubility diagrams of a series of carboxylic acids in a matrix of linear polystyrene have been measured using a gravimetric method on samples immersed in solvent, as reported earlier [Bernardo G, Vesely D. If selectivity or peak shape is poor, try LC grade methanol, but it can also be effective to set analytical conditions by carefully considering the The present invention relates to dyes of formula (1) that are soluble in organic solvents, wherein Cat + is an organic cation, to a process for their preparation and to their use in the production of colored plastics or polymeric color particles, printing colorants, printing pastes and printing inks. It is essentially insoluble in hydrocarbons, ethers, some chlorinated hydrocarbons, ketones and esters. Good being soluble in, bad being insoluble in. Selection of solvent compatible with the PMMA Based on the theoretician methods described in literature for forecast of the dissolution of polymers in solvent organics (nominated, energy of Gibbs of mixture and method of Hansen) and in experimental assays, were selected the following solvents for acrylic adhesive preparation: Start studying Organic Chemistry: Alkanes, alkene, Alkynes, alcohols, ethers. For When the organic polar liquid has some solubility for polystyrene, then water may be added to entirely inhibit the polystyrene solubility therein. 3) defined as the square root of the cohesive energy: Solubility of polymers in organic solvents has important applications in the field of paints and coatings.
It was The Styrofoam brand polystyrene foam, which is used for craft applications, can be identified by its roughness and the "crunch" it makes when cut. Most of the chemical properties of polystyrene are as a result of the unique properties of carbon. plastic. The transformation of carbon-carbon double bonds into less reactive single bonds in polystyrene, is the main reason for its chemical stability. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. In this work the solubility of polystyrene foams in several solvents benzene, toluene, xylene, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, 1,3-butanediol, 2-butanol, linalool, geraniol, d-limonene, p-cymene, How do I dissolve polystyrene? what are the best solvents for polystyrene (MW = 350,000) and what is the operating temperature of solubility? Juan Francisco Rodríguez paper: "Study of the Abstract: A procedure for the solution polymerization of styrene using di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) as the initiator is described. The problem I Some solubility and interaction of the solvent with the plastic substrate is important. Chains containing long branches, cause dense entanglements making difficult the penetration of solvent molecules. Hansen solubility parameters were developed by Charles M.
Polymer Solubility and Solubility Parameter. In non-polar organic solvents such as hexane, the interaction is hydrophobic and charges are suppressed with no ionic interaction. Polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) Reverse Micelles and Their Temperature-Driven Morphological Transitions in Organic Solvents Lian Wang,†,‡ Xinfei Yu,†,* Shuguang Yang,† Joseph X. research proposal is to understand : (1) The effect of methane or ethane on the hydrogen solubility in tetralin, (2) The effect of methane or ethane on the hydrogen mass transfer rate in tetralin, (3) The rate and quantification of dehydrogenation of donor solvent liquids 4. For more than 50 years Hansen Solubility Parameters, HSP, have proven to be a powerful, practical way to understand issues of solubility, dispersion, diffusion, chromatography and more. Phenomenex. It is like a version of THF that is not miscible in water and has higher BP (80 instead of 66 °C) so can be used at higher temp for reactions under reflux. 13 Based on the solubility parameter differences, we selected the toluene/THF (1:1) mixtures as an optimum extracting solvent by relative comparison of the solubility parameter Chemically, however, Styrofoam is still polystyrene, so liquids that dissolve polystyrene also dissolve Styrofoam. 3 cal1/2 cm-3/2) generally swell PDMS more than solvents that have a solubility parameter (12) Lide, D.
On the other hand, film fabricated with Extractions can be required for analytical analyses, improvement of polymer properties, or for regulatory requirements when using polymers for biomedical materials. The solvents that dissolve PMMA are dimethylformamide (DMF) and Diethyl carbonate (DEC). If you do not have acetone, you can use gasoline or just about any other organic solvent to easily dissolve Styrofoam. For a given temperature, liquid environment and crack speed Some dyes have a high solubility in solvents like for engineering plastics like polystyrene, ABS, PC, PMMA, PA Macrolex ® dyes are soluble in organic Solvent Miscibility Table acetic acid acetone acetonitrile benzene n -butanol butyl acetate carbon tetrachloride chloroform cyclohexane 1,2-dichloroethane dichloromethane dimethylformamide dimethyl sulfoxide dioxane ethanol ethyl acetate diethyl ether heptane hexane methanol methyl-t -butyl ether 2-butanone pentane n -propanol isopropanol The present invention relates to dyes of formula (1) that are soluble in organic solvents, wherein Cat + is an organic cation, to a process for their preparation and to their use in the production of colored plastics or polymeric color particles, printing colorants, printing pastes and printing inks. Hansen 72 solubility parameter plots were used to aid in the PLE solvent selection in order to reduce both 73 co-extraction of polyurethane and save time in evaluating solvent compatibility during the initial 74 steps of method development. what are the best solvents for polystyrene (MW 1) Hydrophilic matrix x Limited hydrophobic adsorption even in the presence of polar organic solvents. 3. Benzene is an Polystyrene dissolves in benzene or toluene. A review of polymer dissolution Beth A.
Use this graph to plot the values for the polar (P) and hydrogen bonding (H) parameters of the solvents listed at the far right to decide whether or not they will dissolve PVC. Nylon 6. BTF is more environmentally friendly than many other organic solvents and is This plastic is soluble in many organic solvents and has poor resistance to acids, bases, esters, and – as mentioned – most organic solvents with the exception of oils where the resistance is fair to good. 00* 2 glycerol 1. Wow! Excellent question! Let's start with the basics. These inverse micelles are, in principle, the phase-invert-ed versions of the aqueous crew-cut mi-celles. [l], polymethylmethacrylate in organic solvents [2-9], polycarbonate and polystyrene [10, 11] in a series of alcohols. This oil pigment has good miscibility to various plastic materials such as polyolefin, polystyrene, ABS and PVC. Shelburnea, Dorsa Parviz , Polystyrene is soluble in many different solvents, whereas polyethylene needs special solvents such as trichloroethylene or trichlorobenzene, and even then only at high temperature.
(PVC is used to make plumbing pipes). The reaction between Styrofoam and acetone shows how soluble this plastic is in an organic solvent and how much air is in Styrofoam. Urethane formation was promoted by the use of dibutyltin dilaurate at 90 °C in toluene solution. Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) constitute a substancespecific Good correlations between K i 2 ( K i being the crack initiation stress intensity factor) and δ s , solvent solubility parameter, of various liquid environments have been obtained, which give a minimum K i 2 value at δ s ≈ δ p , where δ p is the solubility parameter of the polymer. Laurence, Solute diffusion in polymers. 20 As expected, solvents that have a solubility parameter similar to that of PDMS (ä) 7. Solubility in both DCM and water is also increased, to a lesser extent, in acidic conditions, with addition of an organic acid such as acetic acid (AcOH). "rubbing" alcohol is an organic solvent and water is an inorganic solvent. Solvent dyes are used to color organic solvents, hydrocarbon fuels, waxes, lubricants, plastics, and other non-polar materials based on hydrocarbons.
For example, "rubbing" alcohol is an organic solvent and water is an inorganic solvent. aWajid a, Sriya Das , Fahmida Irina, H. Organic solvents recognized as neurotoxins include n-hexane, tetrachloroethylene, and toluene. Byers. 1 Polymer-stabilized graphene dispersions at high concentrations in organic solvents for nanocomposite production Ahmed S. H-bonds may form to sterically protect the hydroxyl groups in an organic solvent, and the formation of the cationic form of fluorescein in the aqueous phase can also occur (Figure 2). Rather, the polystyrene molecules are actually present in the acetone solution. 1) Furthermore, some ionic liquids have low solubility in water and low polar organic solvents. swelling in polar solvents but in non-polar solvents it is very poor.
Hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents are examples of types of organic Solvent Miscibility Table acetic acid acetone acetonitrile benzene n -butanol butyl acetate carbon tetrachloride chloroform cyclohexane 1,2-dichloroethane dichloromethane dimethylformamide dimethyl sulfoxide dioxane ethanol ethyl acetate diethyl ether heptane hexane methanol methyl-t -butyl ether 2-butanone pentane n -propanol isopropanol These include common column types for synthetic polymers in organic solvents as well as water soluble polymers (e. In polar and protic solvents such as alcohols and Insoluble in water and inorganic acids and bases; soluble in many organic solvents, including ethylbenzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and tetrahydrofuran. The high binding strength of cross linked polymers especially polystyrene butadiene and its copolymers make them hard to be removed by most of organic solvents. Many classes of chemicals are used as organic solvents, including aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, amines, esters, ethers, ketones, and nitrated or chlorinated hydrocarbons. Solute-Solvent Interactions Also all the organic solvents have specific limits for daily exposure to human as residual solvent in the formulated preparation. Polystyrene (PS) PS is a rigid, hard, very transparent material with good dimensional stability. Polystyrene Branched polymer chains generally increase solubility, although the rate at which this solubility occurs, depends on the particular type of branching. Javad Sameni,* Sally Krigstin, and Mohini Sain. The solubility of four lignin samples and their acetylated forms was determined in a series of organic solvents to investigate the relationship between solubility and the solubility parameter.
Solvent dyes are also called solvent-based dyes, are not soluble in water but soluble in organic solvents or plastics, some of these typical solvents are non-polar mediums, such as alcohols, ethers, ketones, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, oils, fats, waxes and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Starch contains oxygen carbon and oxygen hydrogen bonds, making it a polar molecule. The extent to which one substance dissolves in another depends on the nature of both the solute and the solvent. Polymer Guide: If you seek solvation When a part takes 15 hours to print and it breaks, a little chemistry can come in handy. DEC work even much better with that. It is soluble in solvents that contain acetone, such as most aerosol paint sprays and cyanoacrylate glues. Thermocol is another name for polystyrene (PS), which is a type of plastic. Applications The exceptions are organic solvents with solubility parameters close to styrenic polymer, such as benzene and toluene. The relation between the solubility and the dielectric constant is given by: ln (S/Sw) = (A/RT) (1/Dw - 1/D) where S is the solubility of the protein in the organic solvent, Sw is the solubility in water, D is the dielectric constant of the medium when organic solvent is added and Dw is the dielectric constant of the water.
It can be a hard, solid plastic or a foam. Solubility: soluble in most organic solvents (ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, DMF, DMSO, THF, and toluene). A total of 10 mL of organic solvent was added to 100 mg oven-dried lignin (or acetylated lignin) at 23±0. • of tracked chemicals, many of the top chemicals released or disposed of were solvents (MeOH, toluene, xylene, CS 2, MEK, CH 2 Cl 2) Organic solvent hazards • flammable (almost all except chlorinated solvents) ratio observed for each solvent against its solubility parameter. By adding these solvents, polystyrene would react so that you are left with only the sand. R. Solvent Compatibility and plastics. The acetone releases the air between the polystyrene and makes it look like its melting in to nothing. Table values from Phenomenex catalog, www.
the non-solvents of PMMA are propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC) and gamma buterolactone (GBL). Koenig* Department of Macromolecular Science, Case School Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA Received 13 November 2002 Abstract A review of polymer dissolution Beth A. Solvents PDMS Swell Ratio PS Solubility # Name 1 water 1. analysis. Indeed it has even been suggested to use organic solvents as "oxygen The surface energy based solubility parameters theory was applied to model the degree of polystyrene-functionalisation of MWCNTs in six different organic solvents. (2012) with minor modifications. 6 (T m = 265ºC), a crystalline polymer which is more polar than polyethylene, can be dissolved at room temperature in the presence of solvents with enough ability to interact with its chains, through for example A gravimetric method reported earlier was used to monitor the sorption of the solvents. com Solvent Compatibility and plastics. Dissolving styrofoam or another polystyrene product in acetone is a spectacular demonstration of the solubility of this plastic in an organic solvent.
What Is Turpentine? Turpentine is a volatile oil distilled from the resin of pine trees, having uses as a solvent and in traditional medicines; it has also served as a fuel for oil lamps and engines. copolymerscast froma solution in a solvent in which the blocks form reverse micelles, with the polar cores on the inside and the styrene in the corona (2). Polystyrene is soluble in organic solvents like acetone, toluene or benzene. 00* For example, highly crystalline linear polyethylene (T m = 135ºC) can be dissolved in several solvents above 100ºC. Swell ratio of PDMS in 51 different organic solvents Table S1. 1. Insoluble in water, low molecular weight alcohols, diethyl ether, and hexanes. Studies with a Mixed Solvent System When substrates have greater solubility in organic solvents Reduced risk of microbial growth Enhanced thermo-stability Relative ease of product recovery from organic solvents More energy efficient downstream processing when volatile solvents are used Ability to carry out new reactions impossible in water because of kinetic or thermodynamic can result from the introduction of poorly water-soluble organic solvents above their water saturation concentration, resulting in a biphasic system (8–12). The activity of biologically relevant β-emitters is usually measured in liquid scintillation cocktail (LSC), a mixture of energy-absorbing organic solvents, surfactants, and scintillant fluorophores, which places significant limitations on the ability to acquire time-resolved measurements directly in aqueous biological systems.
polysaccharides and DNA). It is an effective solvent for a wide array of organic materials, including many polymers. It was The organic solvents most commonly used for mobile phases in reverse chromatography, acetonitrile and methanol, were compared. 45 Page 1 of 2 - Intro To Solvent Welding Plastic - posted in Homemades: I've been compiling a list mainly for personal use of common engineering plastics used in Nerf and their solubility in the common solvents and figured I'd share what I have since I know a lot of you *cough*Bob*cough*BadWrench*cough* will have some more to add. The technical problem is solved by PVC with high solubility in organic solvents, including organic lacquer solvents, with a constant of Fikentscher 32-45 obtained in viny introductory-suspension polymerization reaction mixture, containing vinyl chloride, peroxide initiator, water, maybe a regulator of the molecular mass (inhibitor organic solvents and 2) the lack of knowledge concerning the forma tion of the metal-chelate in these media. Finally, the resin epoxy was non-soluble in the four solvents tested. Today, they are widely used in in many other fields to predict miscibility and solubility of polymers, chemical resistance, and permeation rates. Additionally, it is moderately soluble in many organic solvents, cyanoacrylate, and the propellants and solvents of spray paint. Studies with a Mixed Solvent System The exceptions are organic solvents with solubility parameters close to styrenic polymer, such as benzene and toluene.
HIPS;High impact polystyrene,physical properties,suppliers,CAS,MSDS,structure,Molecular Formula, Molecular Weight ,Solubility,boiling point, melting point Expanded Polystyrene Material Safety Data Sheet (EPS MSDS) Will dissolve in most organic solvents and some insecticides, aldehydes, Styrene Products, Inc. The chemical stability of the resin was also less comparable to that of polystyrene supports. References solvents among all the solvents studied for PMMA co BMA. For example, molecular weight estimation via size-exclusion The solvents that dissolve PMMA are dimethylformamide (DMF) and Diethyl carbonate (DEC). A solvent dye is a dye soluble in organic solvents. However, problems relating to sample solubility, adsorption of molecular weight standards, PROBLEMS WITH CURRENTLY USED SOLVENTS In the US in the early 1990's: • solvent production was 26 million tons p. In many instances, non toxic supercritical CO 2 can be used to replace the toxic organic solvents traditionally used to analyze and process polymeric materials. sacrificial layers in surface micromachining. polystyrene butadiene latex and polyvinyl acetate latex are widely used as coating binders [2].
Zheng,† Ryan M. High polar fluids such as alcohols, ketones, glycols, esters, and aqueous solutions of acids, salts, and bases have little effect upon Santoprene rubber. Polystyrene is chemically resistant to both acids and bases, but is easily dissolved by many chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents. Correlations between the initiation fracture tough- ness (Ri) and the solubility parameter of the solvent (~s) will be presented and discussed. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Polystyrene is chemically inert, and does not react with most substances. An organic solvent is a type of volatile organic compound (VOC). They are not the all but the most, according to my on calculations which agree with Hansen solubility theory. Polystyrene butadiene is also the component of ink formula. Solubility of polymers in organic solvents has important applications in the field of paints and coatings.
They are widely used in the paint and coatings industry. constant of the medium. It is usually used as a solution in an organic solvent. D. Green Chemistry Carbon Dioxide: An Alternative Solvent that is Environmentally Preferable to VOCs and Halogenated Organic Compounds. If the test substance has been confirmed to be soluble in one of the nine solvents, the remaining 4. When the organic polar liquid has some solubility for polystyrene, then water may be added to entirely inhibit the polystyrene solubility therein. The method is based on the idea that like dissolves like. Miller-Chou, Jack L.
Page 1 of 2 - Intro To Solvent Welding Plastic - posted in Homemades: I've been compiling a list mainly for personal use of common engineering plastics used in Nerf and their solubility in the common solvents and figured I'd share what I have since I know a lot of you *cough*Bob*cough*BadWrench*cough* will have some more to add. From these results, it could be concluded that polystyrene and However, the agglomeration of graphene sheets due to van der Waals forces only allows for a successful colloidal suspension within a narrow range of organic solvents. Silica-based columns for separation of proteins are also available. A. and the Polystyrene will turn into a runny goo when it touches the solvent. reported that highly reduced graphene oxide was dispersed in organic solvents with a sum of solubility parameters (δ p and δ H) in the range of 13 to 29 . Theoretical details regarding Hansen solubility parameters . Solvent-welding plastic involves using a solvent to partially Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used as a superplastifier in cement, as a dye improving agent for cotton, and as proton exchange membranes in fuel cell applications. Given below are the values of these properties for GPPS.
aToyota Central R&D Labs. Activated Carbon Solvent Trap protects a rotary vane vacuum pump from organic solvent vapors. Therefore, it is insoluble in all regular solvents such as water, organic solvents, mild acidic or basic solution, etc. 4. One particularly interestingly consequence of the introduction of an organic solvent is usually better oxygen transfer. dissolution of polystyrene wastes in supercritical liquids. Vibfast manufacturers and supplies solvent dyes which are commonly known as disperse dye and have wide application for colouration of polyester fibers. Koenig* Department of Macromolecular Science, Case School Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA Received 13 November 2002 Abstract I'm assigned to find 3 "good" and "bad" solvents for polystyrene. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Polystyrene Polystyrene has a good solubility in organic solvents. Nontoxic organic solvents identified using an a priori approach with Hansen solubility parameters . Because of its resilience and inertness, it is used for fabricating many objects of commerce. It is an organic solvent pigment. This process is called solvent extraction. The most important property is going to be the glass transition temperature - broadly speaking, the point at which polystyrene starts to soften. Selection of solvent compatible with the PMMA Based on the theoretician methods described in literature for forecast of the dissolution of polymers in solvent organics (nominated, energy of Gibbs of mixture and method of Hansen) and in experimental assays, were selected the following solvents for acrylic adhesive preparation: solubility parameter difference for PBDEs/solvent (ΔδPBDEs-solvent) and polystyrene/solvent systems ( Δδpolystyrene-solvent). Finally, Malvern offers a range of specialty columns for running in polar solvents or with cationic polymers. Films fabricated with chlorobenzene are not thick enough.
VOCs are organic chemicals which vaporize at room temperature. Water-soluble polymers have two attractive characteristics for this application: 1) They can be deposited conveniently by spin-coating, and the solvent removed at a low temperature (95–1508C), and 2) the resulting layer can be dissolved in water; no corrosive reagents or organic solvents are Polystyrene is soluble in the four considered organic solvents, requiring solvent volumes over 60%. 033% at 25°C : Regulatory and Safety Data First published on 9th April 2015. a. Which solvent should I use to dissolve polythene? However some organic solvents such as benzene and acetone can dissolve polyethylene. Solvent-welding plastic involves using a solvent to partially Solvent of the week #1: 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran MP: -136 °C BP: 80 °C Density: 0. Tanvir Ahmedb, John L. Chemically, however, Styrofoam is still polystyrene, so liquids that dissolve polystyrene also dissolve Styrofoam. Macris, R.
The organic carrier liquid is a substantial non-solvent for the polymer. 13. In order to gain deeper understanding towards the pyrolysis of polymer waste dissolved in organic solvents, a study was performed to investigate the possibility of dissolving light density polyethylene Page 1 of 2 - Intro To Solvent Welding Plastic - posted in Homemades: I've been compiling a list mainly for personal use of common engineering plastics used in Nerf and their solubility in the common solvents and figured I'd share what I have since I know a lot of you *cough*Bob*cough*BadWrench*cough* will have some more to add. x Accurate calibration curves in dimethylformamide (DMF), due to elimination of adsorption of standard polystyrene samples as seen when polar polymers are analyzed on TSKgel H-type columns in DMF-based solvents. [C. Dissolution with suitable solvents is one of the cheapest and more efficient processes for polystyrene waste management. Studies with a Mixed Solvent System Product Description Abitol™ E Resin hydroabietyl alcohol is a colorless, tacky, balsamic resin. S. SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 1.
, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan. Organic solvents are used in many industries. Solubility of polymethyl methacrylate in 12 organic solvents at 30–70°C was studied. We use GPC to describe the analysis of polymers in organic solvents, such as tetrahydrofuran, and SEC to describe the analysis of polymers in water and water-based solvents, such as buffer solutions. In the graph to the right, the circle marks the solubility area for the polymer PVC. Product Description Abitol™ E Resin hydroabietyl alcohol is a colorless, tacky, balsamic resin. , Inc. By using this property, ionic liquids can be recovered and reused after reaction product is Solvent compatibility PLgel columns are routinely supplied in ethyl benzene* but you can easily and rapidly transfer between solvents of varying polarity. >95 The major component is polystyrene.
Hansen Solubility Sphere. (3) Evaluation of solubility As a general rule, confirm the insolubility of the test substance in nine solvents. 'Melting' the EPS, starts with breaking it up into chunks that you can put into your bucket, and then simply adding a few ounces of D-limonene solvent to the bucket and then start feeding EPS into it and let it dissolve in the process the gasses in the foam will bubble out. Organic compounds used as solvents include: * aromatic compounds, eg benzene and toluene * alcohols, eg methanol * este Full Article. The experimental measurements showed unambiguously that the solubility of the alkanes diffusing into a polystyrene matrix reached a constant and reproducible value typical for each system and temperature. The experimental characterization of the polymer-functionalized MWCNTs is consistent with the predictions of this model providing a breakthrough 2019 PCCP HOT Articles • Solvent characteristics: An organic solvent may be used in case the target molecules show very low solubility in water. L. Solvents that exhibit some affinity for the resin can help diffuse the coating components into the surface of the substrate, providing improved adhesion. 854 g/mL Description: This virtuous solvent is a flammable organic liquid.
Besides, who doesn't want take two parts and want to stick them together. Solubility of Lignin and Acetylated Lignin in Organic Solvents. The organic component is most usually a polar liquid and may be non-solvent for the polystyrene per se withoutany Water. In general, using LC grade acetonitrile is the safest choice. PVP K-30 is also freely soluble in many organic solvents including alcohols, some chlorinated solvents such as chloroform, methylene chloride and ethylene dichloride, nitroparaffins and amines. A cross-linked polystyrene-polyethyleneglycol Solubility of Lignin and Acetylated Lignin in Organic Solvents The solubility of lignin and acetylated lignin in organic solvents was determined as described by Cybulska et al. The maximum continuous temperature for organic solvents and 2) the lack of knowledge concerning the forma tion of the metal-chelate in these media. The general structure of starches is seen below. Solvent dyes can be found in azo, disperse, cationic dyes.
GPC/SEC is the only established method for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of a polymer's molecular weight distribution. The inset lists the solvents in descending order of solubility in PDMS. Resins - properties zSize of the resin beads ( 80-200µm) zMesh size (70-170) (number of openings in a square inch) zMechanical and thermal stability zPrice It is soluble in solvents that contain acetone, such as most aerosol paint sprays and cyanoacrylate glues. It is the total van der Waals force, however, which is reflected in the simplest solubility value: the Hildebrand solubility parameter. Suchreverse micelles in salt formare soluble in a range of organic solvents and Polystyrene is a versatile synthetic organic polymer with the chemical formula (C 8 H 8)n. It dissolves in some organic solvents. 052% at 25°C: Solubility of water in toluene: 0. It is not readily soluble in common solvents but will swell in aromatic solvents and halogenated organic solvents. Micro- scopic examinations of the fracture surfaces pro- It is known that polystyrene is soluble in almost all the organic solvents, with the exception of alcohols and petroleum derivatives.
g. It is attacked by many organic solvents, which dissolve the polymer. Anthraquinone. The use of DTBP allows for end-group analysis by 1 H NMR spectroscopy and calculation of the number-average molecular weight of the Polystyrene is chemically very inert, being resistant to acids and bases but is easily dissolved by many chlorinated solvents, and many aromatic hydrocarbon solvents. Description: -Alder reaction, metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis and so forth, have been reported. ness of the glass-filled polystyrene is affected to the same extent by the same organic solvents. The active solvents are absorbed b;y the plasti c in an unknown manner and result in a crazing effect which extends deeply into the material. polystyrene solubility in organic solvents
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Click the button below to add the Panic Button to your wish list.
Emergency Panic Button. Has panic set in? Stock market crash, zombie invasion, looming deadline with no way to make it? Push the button for a blood curdling scream. A great or possibily necessary gift for the home or office. Requires AAA batteries.


Um, okay. I remember finding snakes in my sisters skimmer almost daily when I was growing up. I never find more than a bug or two in mine. Today, I got a surprise...a dead bird.
Do I need to do anything special to the water? Shock? It looks great and my numbers are good.
Might raise your FC up to shock level once but probably don't even need to do that as long as your FC was above min.


We have given the full instructions and download link to upgrade your phone to the latest version. The smartphone came out of the box with Android 6. We can expect the update to be rolled out to all the users in phases so you can wait for it as well. It featured a design combination of metal unibody and invisible antenna bands. This includes cookies from third party social media websites and ad networks. Since then the smartphone has received multiple updates including Android version upgrade to Android 7.
It is backed by a Non-removable Li-Ion 3000 mAh battery. Make sure you have enough storage and battery backup with at least 50% battery. Asus their third generation of Zenfone devices i. The update, with version 15. This is the easiest way to Download and Install Android 8. You can simply check out the link to see if you have your device in it.
To recall, in , the company had promised an Oreo update for the entire ZenFone 3 and range. We are two months old in 2018, so, this may seem a bit late. Users who have already updated are in favor of the new design and the Oreo-exclusive features. Most of the other smartphone manufacturers haven't released the update. The best part of Android devices is gaining access.
Both phones are powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 625 SoC. It offers loads of customization option. Also Read: Steps to Install Android 8. For more information on the features,. Wait for 5-6 seconds after screen goes off.
Android Oreo update for ZenFone 3 Max comes with a build number 15. While most of the smartphone manufacturers have started pushing out the Android Pie update for their devices, there are still some smartphones which are receiving the older Android Oreo update. It has better performance and battery optimization compared to the stock firmware Of ZenFone 3. After completely turned off the phone, turn it on by pressing Power + Volume Up buttons together. Asus is now pushing Android Oreo update for another Zenfone series devices. I have a great sense of humour that makes me highly likely to be extra witty.
The device shipped with Android 6. It's been few months, the developers are struggling to bring stable build of Android 8. You have just been able to install Asus Zenfone 3 Android Oreo Beta Update. Make appropriate backup all your important data, music and video files, and everything else as there are chances your devices will be wiped while doing this. You won't see these three apps Minimove, photocollage, and do it later.
You would see recovery written at the top of it. After rebooting a dialogue box shall appear on your screen. The smartphone is currently running on the Android 7. The original poster is the alleged the Beta tester for the said device. Such third party cookies may track your use on Gizbot sites for better rendering. We may expect a more fresh update soon that would concentrate on security patches.
Update the Asus System 3. The Oreo update for ZenFone 3 is available as a beta version at the moment. Download Asus ZenFone 3 Max Android 8. But if that fails you have to upgrade your phone maually. The update should reach out to the devices in coming days.
The was launched alongside flagship Zenfone 3 Deluxe in 2016 and it pre-installed Android 6. Also, Google Play gives greater preference to devices with higher Android versions. Asus certainly seems intent on delivering that promise, as the Asus ZenFone 3 Max has. It brings the latest Android Oreo to the Asus Zenfone 3 Max. But the Beta program is not available to the general public.
You may follow our guide on. Since then it has only been upgraded to Android 7. Thus, ZenFone 3 Ultra owners will be more prone to the availability of latest apps. If you are not okay with that, then you better wait for the release of the stable version which should roll out for ZenFone 3 sometime in January or February 2018. Today we will guide you on how to install Android 8.


Are you looking for the cheapest loan against property in Ahmedabad? Then you can surely do with a bit of guidance to help you differentiate among the similar loan offerings available in loads and pick the one that suits your needs the best. There are several plans for loan against property providers in Ahmedabad and you might be confused with the array of options on offer. Some solid guidance and some research on your own along with some investment of time on your part is a must since you should ideally focus on getting the maximum value out of your property as the loan and also with lower interest rates for the EMIs to go easy on your pocket.
You can definitely find the best possible loan against property rates in Ahmedabad if you search smartly. Usually this type of loan is applied by people for a variety of reasons. There may arise a medical emergency in the family or any urgent situation which demands immediate payment of a substantial amount of money. There may be weddings in the family or the educational expenses of children may require the expenditure of a considerable amount of money. People also apply for these loans for partial funding of another property or for some asset investment. There can be a gamut of reasons for which this loan does come in very useful.
When it comes to procuring such loans in Ahmedabad, it is advisable to seek clarity till you are satisfied. The whole purpose of taking a loan against property is to make use of the hidden value of your property and get disbursement of a desired amount of money for a specific reason. The market value of your property can be truly monetized with the loan against property. This loan is also referred to as the mortgage loan in many financial organizations and banks. There are several loan providers in Ahmedabad including reputed private and public sector banks in addition to financial agencies and other private lending firms.
However, you should be very careful and patient if you want to grab the cheapest loan against property in Ahmedabad in terms of interest rates. Since these loans are of shorter terms compared to home loans, the EMIs are usually pretty high unless you can manage to find out the lowest rates of interest and the best solutions. This is where you will have to first meet the eligibility criteria and then possess all required information.
When it comes to procuring the best loan against property in Ahmedabad, you must definitely bear certain things in mind. Firstly, the loan terms usually range between 5 to15 years on an average. Also, the amount of the loan reaches up to 60% of the market value of the property in most cases and this is also determined by the officials appointed by the loan providing bank. The interest rates can be slightly higher than those of other loans but you have to be persistent to find the best possible deal. These loans are granted swiftly in most cases and help you tap the market value of your property to meet your immediate needs without any hurdles.
You can now readily get access to low interest loan against property in Ahmedabad with the correct guidance and advice. The main idea here is to have a clear picture about your property value, possible EMI, payback capacity and also your eligibility criteria in terms of your monthly income before applying for this loan.


Seeds are easy to start indoors. Many vegetable and flower varieties have unique requirements so the key to success is to do a little research on your seeds before you start.
Small seed need to be carefully tapped from the packet and gently pressed into the soil. Seeds with a hard seed coat need to be scarified to achieve good germination. This is done in 2 different ways. Smaller seed can be soaked in water 24 hours before sowing to soften the seed coat to allow for germination. Larger seeds need their coating gently abraded without harming the interior parts. This is known as scarification. While in natural conditions this coat would eventually be broken down, the impatient gardener can speed the process by using a knife or file to make a shallow cut. This allows moisture to enter and the seed to germinate. There are some varieties, particularly perennials that need to be put into the refrigerator prior to sowing to break dormancy. This process is called stratification where by the seeds are tricked into thinking they are experiencing winter. It isn't really necessary for the seed to spend the cold months in the ground, as long as it thinks it did. This can easily be done by placing the seeds in a small container with moist (not wet) sand, peat or vermiculite, and leaving in a refrigerator for four to six weeks. Not all plants can be started indoors; some don't like to be transplanted at all and their seeds must be sown directly into the garden. Again, check your seed packet for instructions. As well, planting instructions for all varieties can be found on the Clear Creek Seeds website - www.clearcreekseeds.com.
PLANTING CONTAINERS: You can use just about any container to start seeds as long as it is at least 3" deep to allow for roots to grow. Yogurt cups, plastic take-out containers and margarine tubs are great choices. As well, save any cell packs and trays you get from the nursery. All containers should have holes in the bottom for drainage. Plant containers for seedlings need to be very clean to avoid disease and it is wise to disinfect all containers with a mild bleach solution. For simplicity, you can use peat pellets, which are a growing container and planting medium in one. When soaked in water, the pellets grow to seven times their size. These pellets can be planted directly in the garden when the seedlings are ready.
PLANTING MEDIUM: It is best not to use the soil from your garden. Not only is it too heavy and provides poor drainage, you run the risk of bringing in weeds and garden soil will host some disease organisms detrimental to your seedlings. There was a time that gardeners sterilized their garden soil in the oven to use for their seeding, but that is a very tedious and smelly chore. It is best to use a commercially prepared 'soil-less mix', which can be found at garden centers, home improvement stores or on-line. These mixes usually contain peat moss (which is naturally sterile), vermiculite and perlite. All three of these mix components are light in texture and retain large quantities of moisture while still being well drained. Most importantly 'soil-less mix' is a clean and sterile environment that will help keep your small seedlings healthy.
TEMPERATURE: The general rule for seed starting is start seeds warm but grow seedlings cool. Don't try to germinate your seeds on the windowsill. The outdoor temperatures will make this area too cool. Most seeds are genetically programmed to germinate only in warm soil. Check the seed package for the optimum soil temperature. You can keep the seed trays consistently warm by placing them on top of a water heater or refrigerator. Fluorescent lighting or heat lamps also can keep the soil warm. If your area is quite cool, a seedling heat mat may be your best option. Commercial greenhouse use both lights and hot water heating systems to keep seed trays warm.
MOISTURE: Seeds need to be constantly moist in order to germinate. Do not let the growing mixture dry out or equally as important get too wet. Moisten the growing mix thoroughly before sowing. Stir the mixture with your hands to distribute the moisture. After the seeds are sown, place a humidity dome or plastic wrap over your container to slow evaporation. Check every day for signs of germination and remove the cover as soon as you see a sprout so that the air can circulate around the emerging seedlings. Water with a fine spray of warm water or from the bottom. Avoid watering with icy cold water.
LIGHT: Lack of light is probably the number one reason people get discouraged as seedlings grown in weak light will stretch, will have weak stems and often a pale color. Seedlings need 14 - 16 hours of light from the moment they germinate. They also need at least 8 hours of darkness to process their food and grow. Growing seedlings on a windowsill is not recommended, as they will stretch toward the light and most windowsills have low levels of light. If the windowsill is your only option, turn the containers daily so they don't have to stretch and reach for the light. You will know if your seedlings need more light if they are pale and weak. Fluorescent lighting or grow lights are your best option. Even if you don't have a store-bought stand, one can be made with a cast-off fixture, some cedar or treated lumber, screws, nails and cords. The best growth will occur under the maximum light you can provide. Mix the types of bulbs used since the cool white provides light in the blue/green range and encourages leaf growth, while a grow light or warm light provides light in the red range, which encourages flowering. This way you have a full spectrum of light. Replace the bulbs yearly, as the light intensity decreases significantly even in the first few months of use. Keeping bulbs longer doesn't save money compared to the poorer growth of the plants. Get your plants as close to the light as possible by putting the lights on adjustable chains keeping them 2 - 4 inches above the tops of seedlings. Move the light fixtures up as the seedlings grow. Incandescent or LED grow lights also work well but can be more expensive overall than fluorescent. Adding artificial light can also help keep seedlings warm.
THINNING: The new seedlings need additional space to grow as soon as their first "true" leaves appear. It may seem heartless, but the weakest and spindliest seedlings need to be cut off at soil level so that the strongest ones can get stronger. If your seeding is rather dense, do not pull out unwanted seedlings as their roots may be tangled up and damage the root of the seedling remaining. At this point it is a good idea to place a fan on your plants. This will make their stems sturdier and get them ready for outdoors. As well, good air circulation will keep moulds and mildews at bay.
TRANSPLANTING: If you did your planting in individual containers, transplanting is not necessary before you set them outside. Seedlings in seed flats need to be transplanted into 4" containers by the time you have 4 true leaves. This will give your seedlings more room to grow, stimulate the feeder roots and improve ventilation. To transplant, hold the seedling by its leaves, not the delicate stem. With a butter knife, spoon or fork, gently cut around the seedling root and lift up. Place into a pre-moistened container, slightly deeper than they were in their flats. Firm soil around the seedlings, water immediately.
FERTILIZING: After transplanting, fertilize once a week with transplant fertilizer or a half-strength well balanced fertilizer. After about 3 weeks you can start fertilizing at full strength. Over-fertilization can result in leggy seedlings. If your seedlings are starting to look leggy, pinch back the growing tips to promote more branching. This can be repeated every week or so to promote compact, bushy plants.
HARDENING OFF: Hardening off is basically getting your small plants ready to face the great outdoors. There are many different ways this can be accomplished. At least a week before you plan to set the plants into the ground they need to gradually get used to the sun, wind and various outdoor temperatures. A cold frame, which is a sheltered unheated box with a translucent cover is the best means for this transitional period. The lid can be gradually raised to expose the plants to more sunlight. If you don't have a cold frame, you can also use row covers. You can also place your plants in a shaded, sheltered part of your garden for a few hours each day, gradually moving them into more sun. These unprotected plants will have to be brought back indoors each night unless you know it is going to stay above 50°F/10°C all night long.
THINGS TO WATCH OUT FOR: If you have followed the directions above, your seed starting should be relatively trouble free. There are however, a couple of problems that may creep up on you. DISEASE: Using clean containers and soil-less mixtures should keep diseases at bay. A common disease is Dampening Off, which is a fungus that attacks the plant at the soil line. One minute your seedlings look healthy, and then suddenly they topple over. Making sure the seedlings have good air circulation (a fan will help) as well as making sure you don't over-water, will also help prevent this.


text:
Llangollen Motorcycle Festival
The modern iteration of the festival was first conceived in October 2014 by the new Llangollen Bikefest team. Prior to them, the Llangollen pavilion site had a history of hosting a variety of other independent motorcycle shows since 2009. The Llangollen motorcycle festival grew bigger and bigger with each successive year and this year it promises to be no different. Dated to happen on the 4th and 5th of August, the 2018 edition promises to be not just an engaging and adrenaline-filled phenomenon for the biker-heads but also a family friendly event with something for everyone, including art and music lovers. What's on for this year
RIDE Cymru and RIDE Capitals- The foundation organizes numerous bike rides and rallies for charity which consists of over 1000 mile treks across the borders of Wales and tours across the various capital cities in the United Kingdom. The RIDE rallies will be making a comeback this year in order to raise capital for the MacMillan Cancer Support.
Motorcycle sculpture exhibition - Mind-bending sculptures composed of motorcycle parts and other exotic materials will be on the display at the 2018 edition of Llangollen motorcycle festival. Crafted by the British Ironwork Centre, near Oswestry, the exhibition will feature a wide range of art pieces such as stone crafted bikes, hybrids of bikes and sculptures, and other crazy combinations of stone, art and machine.
Llangollen bike fest trophies- Each year, numerous trophies are awarded to entries in various categories such as superbikes, cruisers, café racers, sports bikes, dirt bikes, classics, hybrids and vintage models. The categories of this year's trophies will be announced soon and will be presented by none other than the legendary John McGuinness.
Test rides for the new Suzuki- The 2018 edition will offer an exclusive opportunity to the fest goers to try out two brand new Suzuki models. The SV650X and the GSX-S1000 will be available for everyone to take out for a test drive. The SV650X is inspired from the typical café racer design whereas the GSX has a super naked design. The test-rides can either be pre-booked or can be purchased at the festival on a first-come-first-serve basis. Test riders need to bring their drivers license, DVLA code and their own riding gear and apparel.
Music shows and concerts- While the entire line-up for the festival is yet to be revealed, it has been confirmed that the entirety of both the weekends will be continuously filled with live music. Some of the musicians that have been revealed are Captain Zed, The MABS, the Ready Eddies and Naked, covering everything from traditional rock to good-old-folk. The Saturday evening party which starts at 6 PM is completely free (read free beers!) and goes on up until 10 PM at night.
Stunt show by SAVAGE SKILLS- SAVAGE SKILLS are UK's leading freestyle bike stunt group. They will be performing some insane mind-blowing flips and jumps during the 2018 edition of this festival. With 8 world titles and around 25 national titles, their show is one of the biggest crowd-puller of the event.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The short Guthrunarkvitha III, entitled in the manuscript simply Guthrunarkvitha, but so numbered in most editions to distinguish it from the first and second Guthrun lays, appears only in the Codex Regius. It is neither quoted nor paraphrased in the Volsungasaga, the compilers of which appear not to have known the story with which it deals. The poem as we have it is evidently complete and free from serious interpolations. It can safely be dated from the first half of the eleventh century, for the ordeal by boiling water, with which it is chiefly concerned, was first introduced into Norway by St. Olaf, who died in 1030, and the poem speaks of it in stanza 7 as still of foreign origin.
The material for the poem evidently came from North Germany, but there is little indication that the poet was working on the basis of a narrative legend already fully formed. The story of the wife accused of faithlessness who proves her innocence by the test of boiling water had long been current in Germany, as elsewhere, and had attached itself to various women of legendary fame, but not except in this poem, so far as we can judge, to Guthrun (Kriemhild). The introduction of Thjothrek (Theoderich, Dietrich, Thithrek) is another indication of relative lateness, for the legends of Theoderich do not appear to have reached the North materially before the year 1000. On the anachronism of bringing Thjothrek to Atli's court cf. Guthrunarkvitha II, introductory prose, note, in which the development of the Theoderich tradition in its relation to that of Atli is briefly outlined.
Guthrunarkvitha III is, then, little more than a dramatic German story made into a narrative lay by a Norse poet, with the names of Guthrun, Atli, Thjothrek, and Herkja incorporated for the sake of greater effectiveness. Its story probably nowhere formed a part of the living tradition c)f Sigurth and Atli, but the poem has so little distinctively Norse coloring that it may Possibly have been based on a story or even a poem which its composer heard in Germany or from the lips of a German narrator.
1. "What thy sorrow, Atli, | Buthli's son?
Is thy heart heavy-laden? | Why laughest thou never?
To speak with men, | and me to look on."
Beneath the linen | in lovers' guise."
That man or woman | may not know.
[Prose. The annotator derived all the material for this note from the poem itself, except for the reference to Herkja as Atli's former concubine. Herkja: the historical Kreka and the Helche of the Nibelungenlied, who there appears as Etzel's (Attila's) first wife. Thjothrek: cf. Introductory Note.
2. The manuscript omits the names of the speakers through out.
When our sorrows we | in secret told.
Thou hast murdered all | the men of my race.
Now myself for my woes | I shall payment win.
For be the boiling | kettle can hallow."
[5. Regarding the death of Thjothrek's men cf. Guthrunarkvitha II, introductory prose, note. It was on these stanzas of Guthrunarkvitha III that the annotator based his introduction to Guthrunarkvitha II. The manuscript repeats the "thirty" in line 2, in defiance of metrical requirements.
6. In the manuscript this stanza follows stanza 7; many editions have made the transposition.
Ere the queen her hand | in the kettle thrust.
Of sin by the kettle's | sacred boiling."
She who grief | for Guthrun planned."
And so was Guthrun's | grief requited.


From the Sony Tech Labs, I swung by the Silicon Alley Cyber Bowl, hosted by Cybergrrl. Hearty bowlers and novices alike from Interport, NetGuide, T3 Media, and MacDonald Communciations all donned those funny shoes and enjoyed a fine evening of simple non new media pleasures. Everyone had a great time and this is one of those simple ways to have fun (and even network a little).


Essential Tips that can significantly improve your travel experiences!
A lack of rest affects your creativity.
Celebrating the essence of a woman.
Vocal Freedom: Muscle & Mindset.
The Importance of having a designated rehearsal space.
Tips on vocal care and maintenance.
COPYRIGHT PRVM PERFORMING ARTS ACADEMY 2017.All rights reserved.


text:
Aerotucán es una aerolínea mexicana basada en Oaxaca, Oaxaca, México fundada en el año 2001.

Historia
La aerolína fue fundada en 2001 debido a la necesidad de conectar las zonas costeras de Oaxaca y Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Comenzó operaciones con un único Cessna 208 Caravan y actualmente opera rutas regulares y vuelos chárter en los estados de Oaxaca, Chiapas y Quintana Roo.

Destinos
La aerolínea ofrece servicio a 4 ciudades mexicanas a través de 7 rutas:

Flota
La flota de Aerotucán consta de 3 aeronaves.

Accidentes e incidentes
 El 30 de octubre del 2006 Una aeronave Cessna 208B Grand Caravan de Aerotucán con matrícula XA-UBL se estrelló en una laguna al intentar aterrizar durante una tormenta en el Aeródromo de Punta Pájaros en Quintana Roo. La aeronave había partido del Aeropuerto de Cancún, matando a los 14 ocupantes.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Página oficial de Aerotucán

Aerolíneas de México
Estado de Oaxaca
Oaxaca de Juárez

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Will there be additional classes scheduled on the Metza Impact Printer? All classes are full at this time.
I had to cancel last minute for tonight's class if you can make it.
Oh, I wished I had seen this earlier and I would have taken your spot. It takes me over an hour to get there so there's no way I can. Maybe they'll do another class very soon.
I'm going on vacation for a couple of weeks. (My grandmother turns 100 so we are all gathering back home in Chile to celebrate). I will have more classon as will @squaredroots. It is a fun, easy machine with a subtle but delightful effect.
Do you know what dates for the Metza printer classes? I'm not seeing them on the calendar. Thanks.
Thank you for the information. I'll check later today.
I have one this Thursday, the 5th and 16th of april.


text:
Q: Compare keys of dictionary with values of List and return all the matching values including duplicates I have a Dictionary<string, string> and another List. What I am trying to achieve is a linq query to compare dictionary with list and get all values present in the dictionary(comparing list with key in dictionary) matching with the list including duplicate values in the list. Eg, I am using
        Dictionary<string, string> key = new Dictionary<string, string>();

        key.Add("RC", "rick castolle");
        key.Add("MS", "Robet sam");
        key.Add("VC", "John David");
        key.Add("KS", "Kelly Thomson");

        List<string> a = new List<string>();
        a.Add("JC"); a.Add("KS"); a.Add("RC"); a.Add("KS");

        var output = key.Where(s => a.Contains(s.Key)).Select(s => new object[] {s.Value }).ToList();

It returns output as
rick castolle
Kelly Thomson
But expected output for me is
rick castolle
Kelly Thomson
Kelly Thomson
Since their are three repeated items for Ks in the list.
How do i achieve my output to get the duplicate values which are present in the list.

A: You can try to make the query from the other side (the list).
a.Where(i => key.ContainsKey(i)).Select(i => key[i])

But it will be more effective if you can use foreach, where you'll be checking the dictionary only once for every item:
var result = new List<string>();
foreach (var i in a)
{
    if (key.TryGetValue(i, out var val)
        result.Add(val);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Directed by: Nick Cassavetes
Producer: Stephen Furst
Cast: Cameron Diaz, Alec Baldwin, Abigail Breslin, Sofia Vassilieva, Jason Patric, Evan Ellingson...
MPAA Rating: PG-13
In Theaters: 26 June 2009
Official Url: http://www.mysisterskeepermovie.com/
Distribution: Alliance Atlantis Motion Picture Distribution, Entertainment, Long Shong Entertainment Multimedia Company, Metropolitan Filmexport, New Line Cinema, Svensk Filmindustri, TriPictures, Village Films, Warner Bros
Conceived by means of in vitro fertilization, Anna Fitzgerald was brought into the world to be a genetic match for her older sister, Kate, who suffers from acute promyelocytic leukemia. Their lives have been intertwined because of their donor-recipient relationship from the minute Anna was born. Anna suffers, such as losing the chance to go to a prestigious hockey camp in order to be there when her sister needs her, but when she turns 13 and Kate goes into renal failure, needing Anna's kidney, Anna sues her parents for medical emancipation.
Attorney Campbell Alexander, who has a guide dog he refuses to reveal the function of, agrees to work for Anna pro bono.
My Sister's Keeper | Movie Trailers


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Nesting pair of eagles returns to Presque Isle State Park
Ron Leonardi @etnleonardi
There are hopes they will fledge some young this year.
A pair of nesting bald eagles and several other adult and immature bald eagles on their annual migratory routes to Canada and the New England States have been sighted in recent weeks at various spots on Presque Isle State Park.
The nesting pair of eagles is believed to be the same pair that has returned to the park for the past two or three years, said to Erie resident Jerry McWilliams, founder and director of Presque Isle Hawk Watch, and chairman of the bird records committee for the Presque Isle Audubon Society.
"Our last successful nesting of bald eagles (at Presque Isle State Park) was back in the 1950s," McWilliams said. "A couple of young adult bald eagles — 3- or 4-year-old birds — attempted to nest in the Long Pond area about six or seven years ago. They weren't quite adults yet and they built a scraggly nest. There was no evidence of egg-laying. People observed other bald eagles attacking them and trying to drive them away.
"Two or three years ago, we had eagles come back to the park, and we don't know if they were the same ones," McWilliams said. "They built a nest right behind the maintenance building along the Ridge Trail."
McWilliams and other veteran bird observers believe the current nesting pair at the Ridge Trail nest site is the same pair that has returned to the peninsula for the last two to three years.
"Last year, it is possible this pair could have fledged a young bird, and that is based on people seeing a young bird near the nest with the adults," McWilliams said. "Eagles have strong fidelity. Eagles pair for life and they like to return to the same nest every year. Both male and female eagles will incubate the eggs.
"This is exciting," McWilliams, 65, said. "I grew up in a time when you could only see bald eagles in Pymatuning State Park. "Eagles are huge, charismatic and are a symbol of the nation. They're just a pleasure to see because they're so large and beautiful."
Pennsylvania's known bald eagle nesting population totaled about 270 pairs in 2017, according to the Pennsylvania Game Commission's most updated data, Game Commission Communications Director Travis Lau said.
As of 2018, McWilliams estimated the number of bald eagle nesting pairs in Pennsylvania at about 300.
"People keep finding new ones every year," McWilliams said.
Eagles have to be 4 to 5 years old before they can start nesting, McWilliams said.
Other adult and immature bald eagles are migrating through the Erie region, and their migration range can extend into Canada and the New England states, McWilliams said.
Migratory bald eagles have been seen recently feeding on waterfowl in the area of Presque Isle State Park's Marina Lake. Others have been spotted flying near Thompson Bay.
Their migration time typically runs from early March through late May, McWilliams said.
Pennsylvania's known bald eagle nesting population in 1980 numbered just three pairs, according to the Pennsylvania Game Commission.
In 1990, there were eight active nests, 48 in 2000, and by 2006 the number passed 100 for the first time since DDT decimated Pennsylvania's nesting bald eagle population in the 1950s and 1960s, Game Commission officials said.
The state's nesting eagles numbered more than 150 pairs in 2008, more than 200 pairs in 2011.
Game Commission officials said the bald eagle recovery was fueled by the commission's eagle reintroduction program from 1983-89.
Conditions were right for the project because population limitations including the harmful effects of pesticides on eagle reproduction, poor stream water quality, and the lack of trees along many streams had subsided by that time.
Game Commission officials said the success of bald eagles in Pennsylvania is related to improvements in environmental quality. Eagles are dependent on good water and riparian forest quality and subsequent fish availability.
The bald eagle was removed from the federal Endangered Species list in 2007. The status of bald eagles in Pennsylvania was changed to protected in January 2014 based on data from 2008 to 2013, according to the Game Commission.
Ron Leonardi can be reached at 870-1680 or by e-mail. Follow him on Twitter at www.Twitter.com/ETNLeonardi.
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This HTML was generated using CKEditor, but I got fed up with WYSIWYGs and decided to use markdown instead.
I then converted it to markdown.
I need two separate lists as per the html prior to conversion. Can this be done?
(Marked and GitHub's) markdown have the behavior where lists separated by white-space are concatenated.


Follow the White Bunny: Another Bunny Giveaway!
Comments closed, will draw a winner later today!
Yay it's Bunny Giveaway time again! It's smallish so I can post it to any place in the world (I think). It contains two vintage Aunt Martha patterns, one with rabbits and weekdays on, and one incomplete but still very lovely bird themed pattern also with weekdays. Both are cut so if you are a 'real' collector these might not interest you. On the other hand if you would love to use these you don't have to feel bad about cutting them up because somebody else already did that for you! :) I will add some of my favourite embroidery flosses and a fat quarter of the Dutch fabric in the background too.
If you'd like a chance to receive these goodies in your mailbox, please tell me what your favourite embroidery pattern ever is! Not including mine that is ;) Giveaway ends this wednesday at noon Amsterdam time.
The blue and white fabric is so sweet! You are so generous!
For your question,that is hard, I have done *so* many embroideries over the years. I think my favorite was one I did in the late 1970's of a kitten sleeping under a very colorful quilt, dreaming of dancing mice. I wish I had a picture of it, but I no longer have the picture.
A cute giveaway! But eek you asked a hard question! Actually I think my favourite pattern is your mothers day freebie. I actually did it for Dave and still plan to do it for my mother lol.
I would love to join your giveaway, Nicole - great things to win!!
My very best embroidery ever isn't made by me - it was an embroidery my grandmother made for me, and she gave it to me on my very 1st day at school, when i was 6 years old.
I just love it - it's a girl, whom my grandmother made with my colour of hair, eyes and so on.
And your Princess and the pea is actually my favorite, It's my first embroidery ever, and the patterns is so cute!
My favourite pattern is actually your 'Under the Ivy' one, but if I had to pick another I would say the Wee Wonderfuls Stichettes, especially the little summer/fishing girl.
what a lovely give away! About my favorite embroidery pattern, hmmm?
I remember I love to look at some embroidery patterns my mom had when we live in Lima, Peru. I was like six years old and I remember I dreamed of learning how to embroider them. Now a days I love your patterns...what can I say??
That's a hard question! I would say as far as an embroidery theme goes - I love doing birds. I love cute little bird patterns, both cartoonish and natural. I don't have a pattern for it yet and it's large, but I guess the favorite I have seen - and not purchased or done though - was a LARGE peacock suitable for a blanket. So beautiful. Maybe someday I will make that leap.
Lovely! So far my favorite embroideries have been from Sublime Stitching, but I'm looking forward to starting on your Princess and the Pea, 'cause it's beyond sweet!
You are so generous, Nicole! The whole package is so pretty! My favorite embroidery patterns (in addition to yours) are Sublime Stitching's Day if the Dead and Mermaids. I have also been admiring people's freestyle designs these days!
Generous giveaway, but such a tough question! I think my favorite changes from week to week, but I always come back to some type of kitty, just can't resist them!
My favorite embroidery pattern ever comes from a pricey little Japanese book. It depicts a fairytale scene with Alice in Wonderland. I adore it so.
I love the days of the week dish towels. I have a set towels of little puppies doing the housework.
But my all time favorite is a woodland fairy drawn by my three year old. I stitched it on a shirt for her.
I loved your pattern of the squirrel and the hedgehog dancing--I love fall. I love everything WildOlive does--particularly her Happy Campers.
You are so awesome to offer a give-away.
I love all the Sublime Stitching stuff.
Yes, Muriel just in time. Comments are closed now, will draw a winner later today!


The Public Service Commission (PSC) is an independent central agency of government with key responsibilities for workforce policy, strategy, leadership and organisational performance across the Queensland public service.
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foster a high performing, apolitical and impartial public service which responds to government priorities and delivers services to the Queensland community efficiently, effectively and with integrity.
We collaborate with government agencies to achieve our vision - a public service that is distinguished by its capability, impartiality, and professionalism in serving the Queensland Government and community.
The Office of the PSC has a Commission Chief Executive, assisted by deputy commissioners.
Robert Setter, Public Service Commission Chief Executive.
Robert Setter's career over the past 37 years has been in both the private and public sectors. He has a deep record of success in corporate governance, organisational reform and leadership development.
Robert's current position is Chief Executive, Queensland Public Service Commission. Previous government positions include Associate Director-General, Science, Agriculture, Food and Regional Services, Queensland Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation and the Director-General, Queensland Department of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries. He has also held various senior executive roles in the Queensland TAFE sector.
Robert is a graduate of the Australian Institute of Company Directors (AICD), and was a Founding Director of Aviation Australia Pty Ltd; the Corporation Sole for the Australian Agriculture College Corporation; and for several years a non-executive Director, AgriFood Skills Australia, a national Industry Skills Council. He is presently Board Director, Australia and New Zealand School of Government (ANZSOG), and President, Institute for Public Administration Australia (IPAA) Queensland.


KISSIMMEE, Fla. (KABC) -- Florida authorities said two Kissimmee police officers were shot and one was killed. Less than an hour later, Jacksonville authorities tweeted that two officers were shot on the west side of the city. There was no indication that the two shootings were related.
Jacksonville is about two-and-a-half hours by car from Kissimmee.
Two police officers shot: Westside of #Jacksonville. All information will come via Twitter.
The Kissimmee Police Department said via its official Twitter site Friday night that the officers were shot in the area of Palmway and Cypress. One officer remains in grave condition, according to Kissimmee police.
Four suspects were involved in the shooting that took place in an area known for drug activity. One suspect remained at large late Friday.
Earlier, Florida Gov. Rick Scott had tweeted condolences amid initial reports that two officers were killed in Kissimmee.
Scott then tweeted about the officers shot in Jacksonville. "Just learned of two @JSOPIO in danger tonight - we stand with ALL law enforcement in Florida."
Just learned of two @JSOPIO in danger tonight – we stand with ALL law enforcement in Florida.
According to the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office, one of the officers shot in that city was in critical condition and the other was in stable condition. The suspect was shot and killed by police, authorities said.
Two #JSO police officers shot: One officer shot is in critical condition, one officer shot is in stable condition.


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Tara Celebrates 10 Years with Monthind Clean
Pictured: Tara, Jo and Richard celebrating Tara's ten-year anniversary with the company. Tara works closely alongside Jo Howlett (Contract Manager for Norfolk) and Richard Angelo (Business Manager for Norfolk)
Monthind has more than 'Freedom Day' to celebrate this month, with one of our Business Development Managers celebrating her ten-year anniversary as a member of the Monthind team.
Despite the many challenges posed by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic over the last year, Tara has been incredibly busy securing new business and embodying the company's commitment to delivering excellent services to our customers.
The last ten years have seen Tara achieve many important successes in her career. Towards the end of December last year, Tara passed her IOSH (Institute of Occupational Safety and Health) course, which recognises managers who both meet and exceed their responsibilities for health and safety in the workplace.
Tara also managed the operations for the Royal Norfolk Show in June 2019. The show, which ran from the 26th-27th of June, saw thousands of visitors from across the country flock to Norfolk to enjoy a variety of different attractions. Tara and her team were responsible for maintaining a clean and tidy environment for the show-goers throughout the two days, which required them to manage the clean-up of livestock stalls, food markets and stage shows- just to name a few.
Simon Biggs, Monthind Director, congratulates Tara for achieving this important milestone, commenting;
"Both myself and the rest of the Monthind team are very lucky to have had Tara working with us over the last ten years, and we're particularly grateful for the hard work and commitment that Tara brings to her role as one of our Business Management Developers."
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Monthind Moves to Digital Auditing System
John Celebrates 20 Years with Monthind Clean
Monthind Offers Health and Wellbeing Hotline to Employees


We have found at last a landscaper that was prepared to spend the time to understand what we actually wanted to achieve. The team at Branche Landscapes got to know us first, then turned our vision into reality. Top quality people, top quality work.