Admission to the Lynn H. Wood Archaeological Museum is free.
We welcome groups to our museum, whether from schools, churches, clubs, or others interested in archaeology. Please arrange your visit at least two weeks in advance so we can have an adequate number of docents on hand. Call 423.236.2030 or e-mail museum@southern.edu for group reservations.
Groups of elementary & middle school students should include one adult for every 10 children.
Before your group visits the museum, you may wish to show a video, provide directed activities, encourage the group to explore internet resources (such as educational games), or provide appropriate books and magazines for them to read.
Monday through Thursday: 9 a.m. to 12 p.m. & 1 p.m. to 5 p.m.
Saturday and Sunday: 2 to 5 p.m.
* Closed during summer months (May to August) and Southern Adventist University breaks and holidays. You can schedule a visit to see the museum during these times.
Take the Volkswagen Drive exit, #9.
Keep right at exit ramp to merge onto Volkswagen Drive.
Go straight at the traffic light to merge onto (TN-317) Apison Pike.
Continue on Apison Pike for approx. 3.2 miles. Go straight past the second traffic light and follow the road around the bend towards Southern Adventist University.
Turn right onto Colcord Drive. If you get to the four-way stop, you have gone too far.
Keep right to stay on Colcord Drive. Follow the signs to museum parking.
Continue on Colcord Drive for 0.3 miles. Museum parking will be on the left.
Proceed up the stairs to Hackman Hall (the two-story brick building). The museum entrance is on the South (right) side. The museum is located on the ground floor.
For handicap parking, head South (right) after turning into the parking area and follow the ramp up to the parking spots behind the building.
Take the Ooltewah exit, #11.
Turn left after exit onto (US-11) Lee Highway.
Turn right onto Little Debbie Parkway (at the second traffic light).
Turn left onto (TN-317) Apison Pike (Little Debbie Parkway ends).
Continue on Apison Pike for approx. 1.6 miles. Go straight at the traffic light and follow the road around the bend towards Southern Adventist University.


text:
<?php

namespace Sylius\Bundle\InstallerBundle\Command;

use Sylius\Bundle\CoreBundle\Kernel\Kernel;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;

class InstallCommand extends AbstractInstallCommand
{
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    protected function configure()
    {
        $this
            ->setName('sylius:install')
            ->setDescription('Installs Sylius in your preferred environment.')
            ->setHelp(<<<EOT
The <info>%command.name%</info> command installs Sylius.
EOT
            )
        ;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output)
    {
        $output->writeln('<info>Installing Sylius...</info>');
        $output->writeln('');

        $output->writeln('<comment>Step 1 of 4.</comment> <info>Checking system requirements.</info>');
        $this->commandExecutor->runCommand('sylius:install:check-requirements', array(), $output);
        $output->writeln('');

        $output->writeln('<comment>Step 2 of 4.</comment> <info>Setting up the database.</info>');
        $this->commandExecutor->runCommand('sylius:install:database', array(), $output);
        $output->writeln('');

        $output->writeln('<comment>Step 3 of 4.</comment> <info>Shop configuration.</info>');
        $this->commandExecutor->runCommand('sylius:install:setup', array(), $output);
        $output->writeln('');

        $output->writeln('<comment>Step 4 of 4.</comment> <info>Installing assets.</info>');
        $this->commandExecutor->runCommand('sylius:install:assets', array(), $output);
        $output->writeln('');

        $map = array(
            Kernel::ENV_DEV => '/app_dev.php',
            Kernel::ENV_TEST => '/app_test.php',
            Kernel::ENV_STAGING => '/app_staging.php',
            Kernel::ENV_PROD => '/',
        );

        $output->writeln('<info>Sylius has been successfully installed.</info>');
        $output->writeln(sprintf('You can now open your store at the following path under the website root: <info>%s.</info>', $map[$this->getEnvironment()]));
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Sizes 16" x 24". Durable 100% twill cotton. Brighten up any kitchen with a set of custom kitchen towels. Made of 100% cotton twill, these durable towels will look great with your text, monogram, or more... artwork. Designed for a lifetime of use, these machine washable kitchen towels look great and clean up well, too!


text:
Home > About us > Media centre > Press releases > £6m to strengthen 'backbone' of voluntary sector
NCVO pays tribute to Tracey Crouch
Commenting on her resignation as minister for sport and civil society, Sir Stuart Etherington, chief executive of the National Council for Voluntary Organisations, whichrepresents charities, said Tracey Crouch had been a passionate and inspiring minister for civil society:
Tracey has been a passionate and inspiring minister for civil society. Her strong leadership in creating a cross-government civil society strategy demonstrated a real commitment to supporting the work of charities across the country.
She made a point of always trying to work in partnership with charities and in doing so gained a great deal of good will. Her work to help improve safeguarding standards was exemplary of her thoughtful and constructive approach.
She leaves a strong legacy and we will play our role in ensuring momentum continues in implementing the important strategy she put in place.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Wood fibre to unlock our low emissions future
Hon Shane Jones
Trees can play a lead role in New Zealand's transition to a low emissions economy, and this is reflected in a new request for research into innovative ways to use wood fibre, announced by Forestry Minister Shane Jones at the blessing of the new government forestry hub site in Rotorua today.
Te Uru Rākau (Forestry New Zealand), the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment and the Forestry Ministerial Advisory Group have today issued a 'request for proposal' – worth $250,000 to $300,000 – seeking a commercially-oriented report on viable opportunities for investment in biobased products and biorefinery processing technology.
These investments must use wood and wood fibre and be internationally competitive.
"We know about the ability of trees to absorb carbon and we've invested heavily in rapidly strengthening our forestry estate through initiatives such as the One Billion Trees programme and recent changes to the Emissions Trading Scheme. These forests will act as a carbon sink in the short-to-medium term," Shane Jones said.
"However they are also vital to increasing wood and fibre supply over the next 20 to 30 years as we position our forestry system, or parts of this system, to manufacture a wide range of products that will help us adapt to climate change and meet our emissions target.
"We know that consumers want alternatives to concrete, steel and plastic.
"In theory, everything that can be made from oil or non-renewable resources can be made from trees. The big question is one of commercial viability and how the big ideas can be made into reality."
Many countries have examined options for future reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and defined a bioeconomy solution in which forests and forest products play a significant role.
"Through this call for research, I'd like to see a report that will identify investible opportunities for the production and manufacturing of high value, wood fibre-based bioproducts that will bring innovation and employment to our regions, and increase onshore processing of logs.
"I'm excited to see the opportunities that emerge and will help establish forestry as the cornerstone of our future economy," Shane Jones said.
The request for proposals has been released online today through the Government Electronic Tender website (GETS): : https://www.gets.govt.nz/ExternalTenderSearching.htm?SearchingText=21863684


New from Berisfords Natural Charms is this gorgeous collection of baby-themed ribbons.
Styles and colours include Peek A Boo, 3 shades, pink, blue and red, Mummy Duck, 2 shades, pink and blue, My Prince, 4 shades, Natural, Grey/Ivory, Grey/Sky & Sky/Grey and My Princess, 4 shades, Pink, Grey, Red. Natural Charms is available in widths 7, 15 & 25m and on compact natural reels in 3, 4 and 5 metre lengths or by the metre.


text:
Thelma Yawn Herndon
Wednesday, May 11. 2016
Thelma Yawn Herndon, age 78, of Surrency died Thursday, April 28, 2016 at St. Joseph's Hospital in Savannah. Mrs. Herndon was born November 29, 1937 in Appling County to the late George Clinton Yawn and the late Georgia Mae Cater Yawn. She was a member of Zion Church of God and was the owner and operator of EZ Mart.
In addition to her parents, Mrs. Herndon was preceded in death by her husband, Phillip "Dupe" Herndon, grandchildren, Stacey Carter, Chris Turner, and Penny Turner; and great grandchildren, Baylee Brewer and Jacob Forehand.
Survivors include her daughters, Joyce (Ronnie) Turner of Baxley, Jane Morris of Surrency, and Janet (Curtis) Forehand of Baxley; sisters, Wynette Yates of Tallahassee, FL, Udine Varnadore of St. Petersburg, FL, Judy Williams of Surrency, Linda Cook of Uvalda, Gwen Turner and Donna Miles, both of Baxley; brothers, Randy Yawn of Baxley and Royce Yawn of Bristol. Six grandchildren, thirteen great grandchildren, and three great-great grandchildren also survive.
Funeral services were held Sunday, May 1, 2016 at 3:00 p.m. at Zion Church of God with Pastors Stephen Statum and Tony Forehand officiating.
Interment followed in the church cemetery.
Musical selections were rendered by Jamie Gardner and Lauren Turner.
Active pallbearers were her grandsons Bradley Carter, Mitchell Carter, Tony Forehand, Jeremy Forehand, Kelly Turner, Austin Brewer, Gabriel Carter and Brock Carter.
Honorary pallbearers were the Adult Sunday School Class of Zion Church of God.
Visitation was held Saturday, 6:00-8:00 p.m., at Swain Funeral Home.
Funeral arrangements were under the direction of Swain Funeral Home.


text:
Q: How to play a streaming audio file using the default audio player in Xamarin iOS I'm developing a Xamarin app that will simply let the user click a link to a remote audio file, and I'd like the audio file to open in the native, default iOS media player. I don't need any in-app controls - the default audio player's controls will suffice.
Is there a simple way to accomplish this, or am I missing the big picture? I'd take help in either C# or Objective C.

A: Assuming the URI you have is a registered handler, you can just use:
UIApplication.OpenUrl

UIKit.UIApplication.OpenUrl Method Opens the specified URL, launching
  the app that's registered to handle the scheme.

Also there is Rivets (a C# port of App Links) that can also be used.

A: This worked great for me. Thanks to RobertN for the suggestion!
var url = NSUrl.FromString(file.Url);
if (UIApplication.SharedApplication.CanOpenUrl(url))
{
    UIApplication.SharedApplication.OpenUrl(url);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


How to Clear TPM Security Processor Firmware- The term TPM stands for Trusted Platform Module. If our PC is TPM enabled then it is our first priority to update our security processor. Windows Defender Security Centre regularly sends us the priority message to update the TPM firmware. It can also say us to update the TPM security processor firmware.
Functionality of TPM in Windows 10.
If we are a novice user (new user) and don't know the specialized tip on the endpoint device. The TPM chip controls the RSA key pair also called as the endorsement Key. It is used to hold the RSA encryption on the host system for hardware authentication. It is used to hold the crucial information like the Fingerprint, Retina Scan and other biometrics data which can be accessed by the related software and cannot be accessed easily.
There is a Patch file used while security venerability and can also create an impact on Operating System Security. The TPM update will sort the available vulnerability. We need to download it and then install it. The patch file of TPM is often sent buy OEMs which are faster than windows update.
In order to install the TPM security firmware we need to download it as we have to set our update to manual mode. First check for the update if there would be any security update then it will confirm automatically. We just need to download it and install it. We can also check it from the notification centre. After that we need to install it.
On successful installation of TPM Firmware update, we need to clear our TPM. So our can be more secure. Before clearing the TPM we need to create backup of our data. So that it can be restored later on.
Click on Setting and go to update and security and click on Device Security. Now under Security Processor click on Security Processor details.
In next screen, select Security Processor Troubleshooting and click on Clear TPM button.
It will reset the Security process to its default setting.


Bright colours from the deep are recreated to make some stunning aquatic ornaments.
Spring 2007 saw the launch of another comprehensive range of Classic Underwater Kingdom Polyresin Aquarium Ornaments from Caldex Ltd. There is a great variety here, and the attention to detail is superb. For safety reasons, only non- toxic paints are used to cover the items.


text:
import isWindow from "./isWindow.js";

export default function getScrollTop(node, val) {
  const win = isWindow(node);

  if (val === undefined) {
    return win
      ? "pageYOffset" in win
        ? win.pageYOffset
        : win.document.documentElement.scrollTop
      : node.scrollTop;
  }

  if (win) {
    win.scrollTo(
      "pageXOffset" in win
        ? win.pageXOffset
        : win.document.documentElement.scrollLeft,
      val
    );
  } else {
    node.scrollTop = val;
  }
}


A collection inspired by the islands - the natural beauty of its landscapes and the living creatures of this exotic paradise. The "Mana" of our islands is conveyed in each piece of this collection. From the bracelets to the rings or even the pendants, this silver collection adorned with Pearl cabochon are great pieces for a casual look.


It had been 20+ years since I'd been on holiday to this charming and easy-going island with my own family; I was excited to return, get on a bike and explore! So pleased we chose this particular island, in the shoulder season and stayed at the wonderful VERY child friendly White Elephant Village. It was perfect for what we wanted and needed with the mix of bringing along our nanny too.
Upon arrival, there were a few diapers, two toys, and a little baby amenities kit in the crib they provided, which we thought was a very sweet touch. They even left a diaper pail in the bathroom and emptied it for us each day. My son shrieked with joy! When the concierge brought out a Radio Flyer wagon full of books and beach toys. You can imagine how thrilled we were to tote this to/ from the adorable pool all week.
An idyllic holiday, "away from it all".
Family and or friends as a group – to mix up and make your own perfect relaxing, sporty & fun vacation.
My top two are: Our solo bike ride along the coast in Sconsett with a stop off at magical Summer House and sunset drink and bites with baby at Jetty Beach! Magical.
There is no restaurant on-site, not even a bar. There are a couple restaurants a stone's throw away and pool lunch service is available in a limited way.
Starting around $1,000/night, depending on room and time of year.


Terrace Escape at Terrace Ridge Condo Resort features a tranquil and serene atmosphere boasting all the luxuries for a memorable family vacation. After the parks, bask in the sun at the pool and spa, play a round of golf, sport a match of beach volleyball, or stroll the beautifully manicured grounds while the kids play state of the art touch screen video games at the community clubhouse. The resort is ideally located within minutes to Disney World and other Orlando theme parks. Shopping, Restaurants, Nail Salons, Pizzeria's and Banks are right next door at the Championsgate and Reunion resort Plaza's.
Enjoy dinner at the glass top dining room table wiith a view. Your table sits in front of your sliding glass doors which look off the balcony.
"As always very smooth service, lovely condo in a great location. Clean, pleasant surroundings made for a relaxing time. Thanks"
""We stayed there for a week between Christmas and New Year 2017. There were 5 of us. The place is gorgeous and spacious. Kitchen is fully equipped. The living room is so cozy. And the thing I love the most about the condo is the double bathroom in the master room, so we save so much time on waiting on other done their businesses. Connie is fast on replying. The condo is the best for getaway trip, relaxation or family bonding boosts. Thank you for being our host. We had a great time in your place. The decoration is gorgeous. We can find everything we need there. We feel special when we stay inside the condo." "
"We booked with high expectations having read prevous reviews, and stayed in a two bedroom apartment which was spacious, nicely furnished and well equipped. There is a Chilis in Champions Gate a mile or so away, the nearby Publix is handy for shopping, but it closes at 10pm. There are a few more shops on the same retail complex as Publix, including a McDonalds, a take away, with a CV pharmacy across the road, and the Seven Eleven garage at Champions Gate was useful for fuel and a few basics. On the whole the apartment was good value."
"We booked this apartment and was a bit unsure if the pictures were a true reflection. We were not disappointed, the apartment we stayed in was a two bed with balcony. The apartment had everything you could ask for, two bedroom with one on-suite bathroom and a main bathroom, balcony, laundry room with washing machine and dryer, free Internet , tv in each room with cable. I would highly recommend the apartment as it was clean and in a quiet neighbourhood. A short drive and there was a supermarket where you could do your shopping."
"I was after some good quality accommodation in Florida at a good price and after endless hours of searching, I stumbled across the Terrace Ridge Resort and Easy Choice. I wasn't expecting to get a 2-bedroom apartment on this pleasant looking complex. The resort was located away from the hustle and bustle of touristy Orlando, which was a definite bonus. I have visited Orlando before and did not want to be surrounded by holidaymakers, gift 'outlets' and theme parks. It was a perfect, almost rural setting, just seconds away from the roads that led to everywhere you could ever want to go in Orlando. We arrived at Terrace Ridge shortly after 9.00pm. What was nice was that the resort was accessible only via a secure gate, which required a code for access. The clear signage in and around the resort and on the buildings themselves meant that we could easily find our apartment. Just as was requested, our room was on the top floor of a three storey building - that was as big as the buildings got. The apartment itself was of an excellent size and more than adequate for the two of us staying there. Despite requesting a 2-bedroom apartment. We entered through the front door into a large open-plan living area; kitchen, living room and dining area. The full-size kitchen was equipped with everything you would expect to find there - oven, microwave, fridge/freezer, dishwasher and more. Behind a door in the kitchen were laundry facilities. The living area offered two large settees (with seating for five), a coffee table, a large television with a wide selection of channels. The large dining table offered seating for six and was set up with place-mats, cutlery and napkins for our arrival. As you enter the apartment, the master bedroom is to the right and that was also of an excellent size, complete with en-suite shower facilities and a walk-in wardrobe. There was plenty of storage in the room, a large dresser and another television. At the far end of the apartment was a huge bathroom and another bedroom. Both were again of excellent proportions, the room offered two twin beds. All of the three bedrooms in the apartment offered televisions of varying sizes. Throughout the apartment were no shortage of cupboards, all holding various surprises, whether it was the many freshly laundered bathroom towels or beach towels, cool boxes, ironing boards and irons, and more. Also included in the price were local calls on the telephone and wireless internet access. The resort itself was nice, modern and clean, and the apartment buildings were arranged in a circle, with the resort pool and hot tub in the middle of the resort, along with the clubhouse. Both the swimming pool and the clubhouse required a keycard for access, which meant that if anybody managed to gain access to the resort, unauthorised persons could not make use of the facilities. The clubhouse and swimming pool could both be access between 6.00am and 11.30pm. Inside the well-equipped clubhouse was a kitchen area, a compact but adequate gym, a lounge area, a full size pool table and table football (both free), an arcade-style games machine (also free), a TV area and wireless internet access. The rear of the clubhouse opened onto the square pool area, complete with hot tub (in a shady area). The endless supply of sun loungers meant that there was plenty of room for everybody to enjoy some sunny fun by the pool. My stay here was most enjoyable. The apartment offered exceptional value for money, the facilities were second-to-none and, based on this visit, I doubt I would ever stay in an Orlando hotel again. For considerably less money than a 3-4* hotel in Orlando, you too can enjoy this home from home. My only recommendation would be that you don't stay here without access to a hire car, unless you are happy to spend lots of money on taxis. The Orlando attractions are not close by and public transport is not available in the area. The nearest supermarket is Publix and that is approximately 1 mile away. The roads between the resort and the supermarket are not well lit and there are no footpaths to walk on, so it probably isn't worth walking."


text:
One Madison to buy protective packaging firm Ranpak for $950m
Special purpose acquisition company One Madison (OMAD) has entered a definitive agreement with affiliates of Rhône Capital to merge with protective packaging solutions firm Ranpak for $950m in cash.
Based in the US, Ranpak offers sustainable protective packaging solutions to products offered by commerce and industrial supply chains.
Leveraging a platform of 90,000 machines, the company sells value-added consumables to approximately 30,000 clients in more than 40 countries.
The total consideration of $950m covers the repayment of existing first and second lien debt.
OMAD will fund the transaction and related expenses with $300m cash held in trust, approximately $407m of debt drawn from $650m of committed new debt, and approximately $292m of committed equity investments from its anchor investors.
The deal is expected to introduce the packaging firm as a publicly listed company for an enterprise value of approximately $1.89bn.
The boards of directors of OMAD and Rhône Capital have approved the transaction, which is currently subject to approval by OMAD shareholders, regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions. It is expected to close at the beginning of next year.
"We look forward to working closely with the One Madison team to combine their capital allocation expertise and deal-making acumen with our unique asset-light distribution model."
Ranpak president and CEO Mark Borseth said: "We look forward to working closely with the One Madison team to combine their capital allocation expertise and deal-making acumen with our unique asset-light distribution model, track record of innovation, and industry-leading position to expand our customer base, product offering, and geographic reach."
Following the completion of the transaction, One Madison Group chairman and CEO Omar Asali will act as the executive chairman of Ranpak, while Mark Borseth will continue to serve as its president and CEO.
OMAD will work with Ranpak to explore growth opportunities for the packaging firm.
The transaction will also offer additional financial resources to support Ranpak's growth plans such as innovation, geographic expansion and product line extension.
Chemistry and Application Expertise for Paper and Board Producers


A simple web log mainly for the purpose of cataloging my homebrewing activities. Perhaps also as a journal of beers that leave an impression. If either of these spark any exchange of ideas, it would be welcome. Thirdly will attempt to maintain a calendar of beer and brewing related events in and around the Bay Area. None of which is entirely unique to the internet or brewing community.


text:
Woodbridge International Closes Sale, Opens More Doors For BigMouth Inc
Woodbridge International, a global mergers and acquisitions firm, is pleased to announce the sale of its client, BigMouth Inc. ("the Company") to CID Capital.
BigMouth Inc—a global brand synonymous with fun—infuses lifestyle products with their unique wit and knack for visual gags. Popular products include the Giant Frosted Donut Pool Float, the patented Wine Bottle Glass, and the original Prescription Coffee Mug. The Glastonbury, CT company designs and sells its product through leading blue-chip retailers around the world in over 50 countries. The brand is noted for its spot-on anticipation of trends, making it fixture of social and mainstream media. BigMouth Inc is regularly featured on Good Morning America, BuzzFeed, the Today Show, People Magazine, and more.
Based out of Indianapolis, IN, CID Capital is a private equity group focused on high-quality, lower-middle-market companies that have shown a consistent track record of success. The firm holds a diverse portfolio of consumer product brands and other companies.
"This is truly an exciting time for BigMouth Inc.," noted Founder Steve Wampold, "We were no doubt impressed with CID Capital's expertise and know they will provide the resources we need to meet our potential as the go-to brand for fun."
"Even with their current growth, we believe BigMouth Inc. is still in the early pages of their success story," said Scot Swenberg, Managing Director at CID Capital, "We see a clear path to making the Company a household name. BigMouth will be a great fit in the CID portfolio."


text:
package edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax;

import static edu.utah.further.core.api.text.StringUtil.quote;

import java.io.PrintStream;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;

import org.apache.commons.lang.Validate;

import edu.utah.further.core.api.xml.XmlUtil;

/**
 * Encapsulates the business logic of printing different types of XML elements.
 *

 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 * (c) 2008-2013 FURTHeR Project, Health Sciences IT, University of Utah

 * Contact: {@code <further@utah.edu>}

 * Biomedical Informatics, 26 South 2000 East

 * Room 5775 HSEB, Salt Lake City, UT 84112

 * Day Phone: 1-801-581-4080

 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * @author Oren E. Livne {@code <oren.livne@utah.edu>}
 * @version May 10, 2010
 */
public final class XmlStreamElementPrinter extends XmlStreamVisitorStub
{
	// ========================= FIELDS ====================================

	// Options
	private PrintStream os;
	private boolean printComments = true;

	// Internal variables
	private int depth;
	private QName rootElement;

	// ========================= CONSTRUCTORS ==============================

	/**
	 * @param outputStream
	 */
	public XmlStreamElementPrinter(final PrintStream outputStream)
	{
		super();
		Validate.notNull(outputStream, "An output stream must be set");
		this.os = outputStream;
	}

	// ========================= GET & SET =================================

	/**
	 * Return the printComments property.
	 *
	 * @return the printComments
	 */
	public boolean isPrintComments()
	{
		return printComments;
	}

	/**
	 * Set a new value for the printComments property.
	 *
	 * @param printComments
	 *            the printComments to set
	 */
	public void setPrintComments(final boolean printComments)
	{
		this.printComments = printComments;
	}

	// ========================= Impl: XmlStreamVisitor ====================

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitStartDocument(javax
	 * .xml.stream.XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitStartDocument(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		os.println("<?xml version=" + quote(xmlReader.getVersion()) + " encoding="
				+ quote(xmlReader.getCharacterEncodingScheme()) + " standalone="
				+ quote(xmlReader.isStandalone() ? "yes" : "no") + "?>");
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitEntityReference(javax
	 * .xml.stream.XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitEntityReference(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		final String str = xmlReader.getLocalName() + "=";
		os.print(str);
		if (xmlReader.hasText())
		{
			os.print("[" + xmlReader.getText() + "]");
		}
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitComment(javax.xml.
	 * stream.XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitComment(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		if (isPrintComments())
		{
			os.print("");
		}
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see
	 * edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitCdata(javax.xml.stream
	 * .XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitCdata(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		os.print("<![CDATA[");
		final int start = xmlReader.getTextStart();
		final int length = xmlReader.getTextLength();
		os.print(new String(xmlReader.getTextCharacters(), start, length));
		os.print("]]>");
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitProcessingInstruction
	 * (javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitProcessingInstruction(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		os.print("<?");
		if (xmlReader.hasText())
			os.print(xmlReader.getText());
		os.print("?>");
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see
	 * edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitSpace(javax.xml.stream
	 * .XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitSpace(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		XmlUtil.printLiterally(os, xmlReader);
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitCharacters(javax.xml
	 * .stream.XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitCharacters(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		XmlUtil.printLiterally(os, xmlReader);
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitStartElement(javax
	 * .xml.stream.XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitStartElement(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		XmlUtil.printElement(os, xmlReader, true);
		if (rootElement == null && depth == 1)
		{
			rootElement = xmlReader.getName();
		}
		depth++;
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitEndElement(javax.xml
	 * .stream.XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitEndElement(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		depth--;
		if (depth == 1 && rootElement.equals(xmlReader.getName()))
		{
			rootElement = null;
		}
		XmlUtil.printEndElement(os, xmlReader);
	}

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 *
	 * @see edu.utah.further.core.xml.stax.XmlStreamVisitorStub#visitEndDocument(javax.
	 * xml.stream.XMLStreamReader)
	 */
	@Override
	public void visitEndDocument(final XMLStreamReader xmlReader)
	{
		// println("finished document");
	}

	// ========================= PRIVATE METHODS ===========================
}


It is not really the time of year where the though of diving from Hout Bay would come up! Particularly as Chapmans Peak is closed at the moment, after rockfalls. This week there has been mostly south easterly wind so parts of the Atlantic are actually as clean/green as False Bay. The temperature recorded at the CSIR buoy off Kommetjie has dropped from 16 degrees to 11 degrees in the last 48 hours.
Toss in a little rain, some weird wind and a little swell and suddenly the question of where to go takes on a life of its own. I think the best bet will be to dive on Saturday, really early, in False Bay somewhere. I will take a look tomorrow late afternoon just in case somewhere else shows promise, and confirm details by 6.00 pm. Let me know if you're available.
The weather forecast for the weekend is wind, wind and more wind. Not diving weather, unfortunately. Later sunrises, earlier sunsets and the slow decrease in the number of windy days suggests that lovely autumn diving is around the corner. Hopefully we won't all be too dried out by then!
We're going to give diving a miss this weekend. See you in the water next week, if the meteorologists give us good news!
Its been a while since I have seen Muizenberg this clean, not that I go there all that often, but I do think we are going to have really good visibility in False Bay by Saturday and plan to start really early. At this point I have yet to decide on whether to shore dive or boat dive but will make that decision early tomorrow, so please text me your preference.
Diversnight takes place on Saturday evening. We will be diving off the jetty in Simon's Town (note change of location), meeting at 7.00 pm. We need to be in the water at the hour of 8.16 pm (2016!) for our efforts to count towards the official Diversnight aims of, uh, night diving around the world at the same time. There's a facebook event here, and the official event page here.
Please let me know by 5 pm tomorrow if you're coming so that I can give the jettymaster the approximate number of divers to expect. If you need any gear, you need to tell me by tomorrow as well please.
After a few days of rain and southerly swell False Bay does not look that great. This swell direction is set to stay for a few more days and in fact changes only on Monday. There is some south easterly wind on Friday and Saturday but not really strong enough to clean up the Atlantic enough for decent visibility.
I think it may well be a dry weekend as far as diving is concerned, however if things start to look more promising than they currently do, I will be in touch. Let me know if you'd like me to message you if we go diving.
Winter arrived rather quickly in my opinion, and it went rather quickly from shorts and T shirts weather to requiring much more clothing. There has also been a fair amount of swell rolling around, but the wind direction is becoming more northerly and westerly and that is what we need on our (western) side of False Bay.
Our boat will be in Table Bay on Saturday for the Robben Island swim so we will provisionally plan to launch on Sunday for diving. There is some south easter on Sunday but hopefully it does not blow as hard as predicted and we can get out. If you have a chance to dive on Saturday you should take it as I think it will be the best day of the weekend, but let me know if you want to be notified of Sunday dives and I will keep in touch.
Last Friday while diving out of Hout Bay we were visited by what felt like an overwhelming number – but was approximately fifty – whales. Most of them seemed intent on staying close to the boat and in fact a few rubbed themselves on the boat's keel strip, which was slightly alarming. I stood dead still, wearing my life jacket, with the engines off and the boat stopped right next to the divers, hoping that they wouldn't get too rowdy (the whales, not the divers). The divers had the amazing experience of whales at the safety stop.
We have been experimenting with early (6.00 am) and late (3.00 pm) launches for quick double tank dives to slot in as part of a well-planned work day. We've had lovely conditions and we've enjoyed seeing familiar places in a different light!
We are starting to have fewer days of howling south easterly winds and it is a sign of good things to come, especially for those who prefer diving in False Bay. There is nothing spectacular in the weekend forecast: no howling wind, no huge swell and maybe a spot of rain. I think False Bay will be the place as the temperature of the Atlantic hit 19 degrees celsius today.
I have a backlog of students currently so we will try to shore dive and boat dive on both days. Once I have confirmed numbers I will text those on the "ready to dive" list. You know what to do!
If you aren't diving this coming Saturday afternoon (13 February), consider the DAN Divers Day at False Bay Underwater Club in Wynberg. It'll be an afternoon of talks about dive safety and research, with local and international speakers. Register here – if you want to see the full program drop me an email and I'll forward it to you.
South African Coasts is an initiative of Sustainable Seas Trust, one of my favourite local non profit conservation organisations. You can read about their mission on their website, but in brief, they aim to care for the marine environment by caring for the people that depend on it. In South Africa, this is an eminently sensible approach, given the degree of inequality and disadvantage that is characteristic of many coastal communities.
Over a period of months, a photography competition was held with categories for everyone from happy snappers like me to professionals like Rob Tarr (whose amazing work features prominently in the book). Photographs had to be taken on the coast, or underwater. The best photographs, as judged by a panel of eminent South African judges including Fiona Ayerst and Peter Chadwick, were selected to appear in this book.
The result is a beautiful, remarkably high quality (given that people like me were allowed to submit pictures for consideration!) volume that can be read as a love letter from the people of South Africa to our 3,000 kilometre coastline. The book is organised thematically, with short essays by South African conservationists and adventurers at the start of each section. The foreword was written by Sylvia Earle, and the book publicises the establishment of the first few Hope Spots along the South African coast.
One of my favourite aspects of the book is the pages which feature twenty or more pictures of waves, or sunrises, or sunsets, arranged in a grid. Each photographer is credited for their work, and the location at which the image was captured is recorded. This is a beautiful souvenir volume for all the contributors, a great gift for ocean-loving visitors to our country, and – for me – a compendium of ideas for new places on our coast that I have yet to visit.
Here's another photo of the clouds at Fish Hoek earlier this month. You can see Hangklip just on the horizon.
Fish Hoek beach is the most peaceful and wonderful location for an evening walk. Here are some rain clouds departing near sunset, earlier this month.


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Acupuncture is one of the world's oldest medical therapies, and is used to reduce stress and relieve a wide variety of symptoms. Bringing together Chiropractic, Acupuncture, Physical Therapy and Massage provides you with the optimal care for you to achieve your health and wellness goals.
Call 732-872-6595 (ext 2) to schedule your appointment today! Or complete the form for more information.
Sung Lee was born and raised on Chinese medicine. You could say, it's in his blood. Mr. Lee spent 15 years in Korea before moving to the United States to obtain his Master's degree in acupuncture and is also a certified Herbologist. Mr. Lee's father also authored many books illustrating the benefits of using Chinese medicine.
East vs West: The traditional belief is that pathways of energy (called meridians) run the length of the body, and when these pathways become blocked problems arise such as pain and discomfort. So acupuncture is used to try and unblock these pathways for better health. Kind of like when the plumber and chimney guy clean your pipes.
Modern medicine believes that the body treats the puncture as any foreign matter in the body: It calls upon the immune system to respond with an increase in white blood cells which helps reduce inflammation in the body. No inflammation, no pain. Additionally, the brain also releases endorphins, the body's natural pain killers.
Is there a difference between acupuncture and trigger point release?
Trigger point release is an aspect of acupuncture, but not all acupuncture is trigger point release. Trigger point release is done only on very tight muscles to release the tension and improve range of motion.
Will Acupuncture hurt? What if I do not like needles?
I prefer to call them "pins" rather than needles. They are one quarter the size of sewing needles and one one-hundredth the size of doctor's syringes. They are not meant to be painful! Countless people have been able to relax during treatment and gain some kind of benefit in most areas of their health.
Generally after needles are inserted, a patient will rest for an average of 20 minutes. Patients have the option to have music played while resting, or have silence. Most patients are able to relax during this time. Patients who are anxious sometimes read books to keep busy.
Why acupuncture? What about chiropractic, physical therapy & massage?
Why not try all of them and see what works best for your particular needs? The modern world of rehabilitation centers has allowed us to include all these wonderful modalities under one roof giving patients more choices and overall help. Sometimes you'll find that one treatment helps one of your issues while another treatment is more beneficial elsewhere.
I feel acupuncture is a relaxing treatment and often reaches the nooks and crannies within joints and beneath the skin and muscle layers that may be harder to reach with other treatments. Circulation of blood to these deeper spots in the body are integral to healing stubborn & chronic problems.
This varies based on the overall health of the patient, and the condition being treated. For example, a person in good health who "slept funny" and has a sore neck, can be helped very quickly. A patient with a chronic illness such as Rheumatoid Arthritis would likely need more visits. In general after about 4 visits a patient should know if acupuncture is a modality that will be helpful for them.


As I ran through this lab, I noticed the eerie similarities between Parts IV and V. Essentially, the lab turned out the same, but the only difference is that the Windows PC was hooked up to a Windows domain, which is very common in medium and larger networks such as businesses, larger schools, and government offices.
This key difference though does have an impact on planning. A network that has Windows domains and has its end-user workstations with Windows means that an IT department can set central policies in terms of security and policy at the forest and domain levels that in turn can be harder for the average user to circumvent.
Further, the entire lab is done within VMware, although on two different physical machines. This setup enables the emulation of suitable "generic" PCs and servers with typical hardware while not draining either machine of its memory.
Jane Naive is a sales rep for a major regional media firm. Godfathers Communications is a growing firm with about 220 employes currently at its headquarters--which runs both daily newspapers in Anyville, prints most of the local advertisements, runs a couple of radio stations, and has the area's largest newsroom staff. She has a small office, upon which sits a Windows PC. She logs in every morning at about 7:30am and logs out when she leaves at 4:30pm.
The company has decided on DNS filtering primarily to keep their employes focused on the job and save network bandwidth, but currently does not have money in the IT budget to get any sort of dedicated security devices until the start of the next fiscal year.
Other servers: Corleone (Read-Only DC), Tattaglia (small SAN with Windows Server 2003 R2), Cuneo (email server running CentOS 6), Sopranos (help desk server running on CentOS 6).
DNS is configured with OpenDNS's nameservers in the forwarders within the domain's DNS.
Anti-Malware: Microsoft Forefront, definitions and components up to date.
Physical access to the box is assumed, including the probability of unsupervised access as the machine sits in a small office--though one would only have 40 minutes or so while most of the rest of that part of the office is out at lunch.
OpenDNS's nameservers are configured by the IT department into the domain controllers and Group Policy is set to "Prohibit access to properties of a LAN connection" for everyone outside of the IT department.
Jane is a 24 year old fresh out of college, somewhat easily-distracted, not really technically-savvy, and known to fool around while at work (such as by sneaking her boyfriend Charles into her office during lunch).
Jane's boyfriend Charles is a 30 year old who's got a rather long rap-sheet for various crimes, including computer crimes. Relevant though is his connection to an identity-theft ring operating in the next state.
Jane loves Charles very much, and asks him to help her access Facebook, Victoria's Secret, and Craigslist, which all appear to be blocked by the filter.
BIOS is locked, and therefore cannot be changed to boot an alternative operating system.
There are active firewalls in place that also attempt to filter out most connections but loopback connections aren't filtered, as are connections that stay within the local network and those using common ports such as 20-22, 80, and 443.
Playing the role of Charles, attempt to bypass the OpenDNS filters at Godfather Communications so that Jane can access her sites while at work in 40 minutes or less.
Anonymising software: I was able to smuggle the Tor browser bundle onto the test PC, successfully load it, and access all three sites by way of a 2GB USB stick.
X11 Forwarding: Using a Linux machine that was under my control and unfiltered (in this case, a Hardened Gentoo install running SSH at port 22), I was able to forward Firefox and access all three sites.
Proxy sites. Like the last two labs, this one was literally a "one-trick pony"
Live Media. This one failed simply because the company's router had everything set to point to OpenDNS. All three sites were blocked when BackTrack 5 R3 was booted up.
HTTPS edit. All three sites failed to go through by changing the address to https://[site]. OpenDNS noticed it right off the bat and automatically brought up the block page.
Fun fact: pinging this will also give you OpenDNS's block pages.
NoMachine NX: since this runs all over SSH, this would likely work. Even if they block the default SSH port, it wouldn't be hard to change the port to an open one and send SSH traffic over it. This might backfire though, especially if some IT staffer decides to pursue the suspicious-traffic claims.
Bringing in a personal device (this is in VMware, after all). This would likely work, especially if the Internet connections are provided by the user and use a different network (e.g. that from a mobile carrier), especially if it's a phone or a tablet with built-in 3G capabilities.
Anything that would involve gaining administrative access over the domain--while that would certainly work and enable the filtering to be disabled by removing the forwarders, it would certainly get Jane in enough trouble such that she would probably be fired.
Set a reasonable filtering policy, and consider allowing "relaxed" access to social networks, sports, and the like during lunch periods and after normal business hours or shift-changes (shift-change relaxation could be done, for example, by providing a relaxed PC in the break room with a note saying to make sure an employe clocks out before logging on). Do note that "relaxed" access may not necessarily be an option.
Control what programs go on the computer. Some vendors offer additional products or services that can enhance the web filtering by scanning USB drives. It's also possible to get an IT consultant--or perhaps even the in-house IT staff to write policies or scripts that will prohibit non-administrators from running install programs and "portable" apps.
The circumvention method involving the Tor browser bundle may be able to be prevented using a combination of employee policies, software, and Group Policy settings.
Group Policy settings to prohibit access to common tools such as Regedit and cmd are probably a wise idea--failure to draw a command prompt without domain admin or server-operator credentials limits options for crackers.
Chances are quite high that sooner or later, the IT department is going to notice the suspicious traffic, at which point it's entirely possible that Jane will face even bigger consequences for trying to skirt the policy--not to mention that technically speaking she could get busted for bringing in unauthorised personnel to her office and damaging corporate property.
I would say that the method that's most likely going to work in the long-term would be for Jane to get a 3G-enabled iPad, don't connect it to the company networks, and only use it when she's "clocked out" for lunch. This way, her "for fun" browsing is 100% off the company's network and she's doing it at points when she's not working and being paid.


Founded in 2009 by Maya Junger, who was living in London working as an international lawyer, SET is a quietly sophisticated brand defined by its fluid collection of everyday must-haves. Describing herself as the typical SET woman, Junger purveys premium quality and style, producing clothing free of obvious branding and that is distinctive precisely because of its under-the-radar cool aesthetic. With a contemporary, urban-casual look characterised by wardrobe staples in a streamlined palette of black, blush, cream and navy, the collection offers the ultimate capsule of covetable everyday pieces. Designed to be mixed and matched with ease, look to buttery-soft leather jackets, fluid dresses and T-shirts; the perfect solution to the everywoman's wardrobe dilemmas.


text:
package com.springsource.greenhouse.develop.oauth;

/**
 * Models an active OAuth handshake that, when completed, results in a connection being established between a client application and a member account.
 * @author Keith Donald
 */
public interface OAuthSession {

	/**
	 * The api key that identifies the client application.
	 */
	String getApiKey();

	/**
	 * The URL the client application wants the server to redirect the member to after he or she authorizes the connection.
	 */
	String getCallbackUrl();

	/**
	 * The OAuthSession or request key.  Uniquely identifies this OAuthSession object.
	 * Presented by the client application for each step of the connection process.
	 */
	String getRequestToken();

	/**
	 * The request token secret.
	 * Used for signature verification for requests made by the client during the connection process.
	 * OAuth 1.0 only.
	 */
	String getSecret();

	/**
	 * Flag that indicates if a member has authorized the connection yet.
	 * Initially false.  True once the user clicks "Yes, I allow application identified by apiKey to access my data".
	 */
	boolean authorized();

	/**
	 * The id of the member account that authorized the app connection.
	 * Returns null until {@link #authorized()} returns true.
	 */
	Long getAuthorizingAccountId();

	/**
	 * The verifier generated by the OAuthProvider upon user authorization.
	 * Expected to be submitted to the client on the accessToken request that follows the authorization callback.
	 * Returns null until {@link #authorized()} returns true.
	 * OAuth 1.0 only.
	 */
	String getVerifier();

}


text:
'You know that your dream's ending': Flight attendants bid tearful goodbyes as they're furloughed
Rheanna Lawson, 29, knew she was going to be out of work once her employer, American Airlines, warned of furloughs in mid-July. She hadn't been with the company very long, only two-and-a-half years.
"I was actually on a trip with four of my other flight attendant friends (in San Diego)," Lawson told USA TODAY. "We were all just kind of stunned, realizing that our futures were all up in the air."
The day the airline industry didn't want to come arrived Thursday, when 32,000 American Airlines and United Airlines employees were furloughed after lawmakers and the White House failed to agree on a broad pandemic relief package, including more federal aid for airlines.
Though there was no new action Friday, Pelosi called on the airlines to halt their furlough and layoffs, saying in a statement the House would either pass a stand-alone bill on airline relief or include airline assistance in a larger COVID-19 relief package.
"As relief for airline workers is being advanced, the airline industry must delay these devastating job cuts," she said.
Flight crew members took to social media to share personal reactions to the furloughs, with hashtags such as "#aastews" and "facingfurlough" flooding Instagram.
American Airlines flight attendant Breaunna Ross, 29, delivered a tearful goodbye to passengers over the intercom on a flight before she was furloughed.
"As all of you know, the airline industry has been impacted greatly by this global pandemic," she told the passengers on the flight from Jacksonville, Florida, to Dallas while wearing a mask. Video of her speech has more than 126,000 views on Facebook.
"For myself and one other crew member on our flight today, this means we'll be furloughed Oct. 1, and unfortunately, this is my last working flight before that day comes," she continued. "I will never forget seeing your faces today. Thank you from the bottom of my heart for the kindness shown on today's flight."
She thanked her employer and co-workers.
"To my family at American Airlines, thank you for taking a chance on me two and a half short years ago," she said. "Thank you for giving me the opportunity to see this big world. To my amazing crew, I wish each of you the best of luck. We were told in training to be like palm trees, and this is the perfect example: We may bend, but we never break."
Sigh:Travel industry layoffs could begin Thursday as Congress fails to come up with a new relief package
She said a passenger gave her a note after the flight thanking her for sharing her story.
Lawson's last flight was from Dallas to Charlotte, North Carolina, on Monday. She decided not to address flyers during the trip.
"I didn't want the passengers to feel bad for it because they didn't do anything," she said. "But myself, I teared up quite a few times. Because whenever you think about it a little bit, you know that your dream's ending."
"Going to work was always an exciting adventure for me," Elli Kallinicou, 29, another American flight attendant, told USA TODAY. "So I'm already missing that, but I'm hopeful that we'll all be back very soon."
American CEO Doug Parker said that if Washington comes up with a deal providing $25 billion for airlines "over the next few days," the company will reverse 19,000 furloughs and recall the workers.
United said the impasse forced it to furlough 13,000 workers. United said it told leaders in the Trump administration and Congress that if payroll aid is approved in the next few days, it could undo the furloughs.
A prohibition on layoffs – a condition of an earlier round of federal aid – expired Thursday.
"The clock is ticking, and time is quickly running out for Congress to extend the effective and successful Payroll Support Program that has kept critical front-line airline employees on the job and off unemployment," Nicholas Calio, CEO of trade group Airlines for America, said in a statement Tuesday.
Airlines collectively lose $5 billion a month because of the lack of customers during the coronavirus pandemic, Calio said. This year, Congress granted airlines about $50 billion in relief, half of which went to pay worker salaries.
Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said Wednesday night that the administration wants to help hotels, airlines and schools. He said he was talking with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., but hinted that the White House doesn't want to go above $1.5 trillion – $700 million below the House Democrats' figure.
"I don't think we're going to make significant progress" until Thursday, he said on Fox Business.
Despite all the industry's chaos, Lawson has high hopes for her future: She plans to go to flight school to become a pilot.
Kallinicou is looking for a nanny position in her area and plans to stay in Chicago until she's recalled.
Ross is hopeful, too. She told USA TODAY: "I realize it may take years to get the airline industry back to what it was. When that glorious day comes, I hope I can still fit (into) my uniform! When the time comes, I will gladly pin my wings on again and come back to work with a very grateful heart."
Contributing: Chris Woodyard, Nicholas Wu, USA TODAY; The Associated Press
'I don't have a Plan B':Airline workers brace for mass layoffs
Noted:As American, United, other airlines roll out passenger testing for COVID-19, here's what you need to know


text:
Five Short Stories from Big Astronomy
An Introduction to Astronomy
Important Astronomers
Stars, Planets, and Galaxies
by Carolyn Collins Petersen
Carolyn Collins Petersen is an astronomy expert and the author of seven books on space science. She previously worked on a Hubble Space Telescope instrument team.
A Peek at What Astronomers are Finding
The Andromeda Galaxy is the closest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way. Adam Evans/Wikimedia Commons.
The science of astronomy concerns itself with objects and events in the universe. This ranges from stars and planets to galaxies, dark matter, and dark energy. The history of astronomy is filled with tales of discovery and exploration, beginning with the earliest humans who looked to the sky and continuing through the centuries to the present time. Today's astronomers use complex and sophisticated machines and software to learn about everything from the formation of planets and stars to the collisions of galaxies and the formation of the first stars and planets. Let's take a look at just a few of the many objects and events they are studying.
Exoplanets!
New research finds that exoplanets can be divided into three groups – terrestrials, gas giants, and mid-sized "gas dwarfs" – based on how their host stars tend to fall into three distinct groups defined by their compositions. All three are portrayed in this artist's conception. J. Jauch, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
By far, some of the most exciting astronomy discoveries are planets around other stars. These are called exoplanets, and they appear to form in three "flavors": terrestrials (rocky), gas giants, and gas "dwarfs". How do astronomers know this? The Kepler mission to find planets around other stars has uncovered thousands of planet candidates in just the nearby part of our galaxy. Once they're found, observers continue to study these candidates using other space-based or ground-based telescopes and specialized instruments called spectroscopes.
Kepler finds exoplanets by looking for a star that dims as a planet passes in front of it from our point of view. That tells us the planet's size based on how much starlight it blocks. To determine the planet's composition we need to know its mass, so its density can be calculated. A rocky planet will be much denser than a gas giant. Unfortunately, the smaller a planet, the harder it is to measure its mass, especially for the dim and distant stars examined by Kepler.
Astronomers have measured the amount of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium, which astronomers collectively call metals, in stars with exoplanet candidates. Since a star and its planets form from the same disk of material, the metallicity of a star reflects the composition of the protoplanetary disk. Taking all these factors into account, astronomers have come up with the idea of three "basic types" of planets.
Munching on Planets
An artist's conception of what a bloated red giant star will look like as it gobbles up its closest planets. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Two worlds orbiting the star Kepler-56 are destined for stellar doom. Astronomers studying Kepler 56b and Kepler 56c discovered that in about 130 to 156 million years, these planets will get swallowed up by their star. Why is this going to happen? Kepler-56 is becoming a red giant star. As it ages, it has bloated out to about four times the size of the Sun. This old-age expansion will continue, and eventually, the star will engulf the two planets. The third planet orbiting this star will survive. The other two will get heated, stretched by the star's gravitational pull, and their atmospheres will boil away. If you think this sounds alien, remember: the inner worlds of our own solar system will face this same fate in a few billion years. The Kepler-56 system is showing us the fate of our own planet in the distant future!
Galaxy Clusters Colliding!
Colliding galaxy clusters MACS J0717+3745, more than 5 billion light-years from Earth. Background is Hubble Space Telescope image; blue is X-ray image from Chandra, and red is VLA radio image. Van Weeren, et al.; Bill Saxton, NRAO/AUI/NSF; NASA
In the far distant universe, astronomers are watching as four clusters of galaxies collide with each other. In addition to mingling stars, the action is also releasing huge amounts of x-ray and radio emissions. The Earth-orbiting Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Chandra Observatory, along with the Very Large Array (VLA) in New Mexico have studied this cosmic collision scene to help astronomers understand the mechanics of what happens when galaxy clusters crash into each other.
The HST image forms the background of this composite image. The x-ray emission detected by Chandra is in blue and radio emission seen by the VLA is in red. The x-rays trace the existence of hot, tenuous gas that pervades the region containing the galaxy clusters. The large, oddly-shaped red feature at the center probably is a region where shocks caused by the collisions are accelerating particles that then interact with magnetic fields and emit the radio waves. The straight, elongated radio-emitting object is a foreground galaxy whose central black hole is accelerating jets of particles in two directions. The red object at bottom-left is a radio galaxy that probably is falling into the cluster.
These kinds of multi-wavelength views of objects and events in the cosmos contain many clues about how collisions have shaped the galaxies and larger structures in the universe.
A Galaxy Glitters in X-ray Emissions!
A new Chandra image of M51 contains nearly a million seconds of observing time. X-ray: NASA/CXC/Wesleyan Univ./R.Kilgard, et al; Optical: NASA/STScI
There's a galaxy out there, not too far from the Milky Way (30 million light-years, just next door in cosmic distance) called M51. You might have heard it called the Whirlpool. It's a spiral, similar to our own galaxy. It differs from the Milky Way in that it is colliding with a smaller companion. The action of the merger is triggering waves of star formation.
In an effort to understand more about its star-forming regions, its black holes, and other fascinating places, astronomers used the Chandra X-Ray Observatory to gather up x-ray emissions coming from M51. This image shows what they saw. It's a composite of a visible-light image overlaid with x-ray data (in purple). Most of the x-ray sources that Chandra saw are x-ray binaries (XRBs). These are pairs of objects where a compact star, such as a neutron star or, more rarely, a black hole, captures material from an orbiting companion star. The material is accelerated by the intense gravitational field of the compact star and heated to millions of degrees. That creates a bright x-ray source. The Chandra observations reveal that at least ten of the XRBs in M51 are bright enough to contain black holes. In eight of these systems the black holes are likely capturing material from companion stars that are much more massive than the Sun.
The most massive of the newly formed stars being created in response to the upcoming collisions will live fast (only a few million years), die young, and collapse to form neutron stars or black holes. Most of the XRBs containing black holes in M51 are located close to regions where stars are forming, showing their connection to the fateful galactic collision.
Look Deep into the Universe!
Hubble Space Telescope's deepest view of the cosmos, uncovering star formation in some of the earliest galaxies in existence. NASA/ESA/STScI
Everywhere astronomers look in the universe, they find galaxies as far as they can see. This is the latest and most colorful look at the distant universe, made by the Hubble Space Telescope.
The most important outcome of this gorgeous image, which is a composite of exposures taken in 2003 and 2012 with the Advanced Camera for Surveys and the Wide Field Camera 3, is that it provides the missing link in star formation.
Astronomers previously studied the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF), which covers a small section of space visible form the southern hemisphere constellation Fornax, in visible and near-infrared light. The ultraviolet light study, combined with all the other wavelengths available, provides an image of that part of the sky that contains about 10,000 galaxies. The oldest galaxies in the image look as they would just a few hundred million years after the Big Bang (the event that began the expansion of space and time in our universe).
Ultraviolet light is important in looking back this far because it comes from the hottest, largest, and youngest stars. By observing at these wavelengths, researchers get a direct look at which galaxies are forming stars and where the stars are forming within those galaxies. It also lets them understand how galaxies grew over time, from small collections of hot young stars.
Explore the Whirlpool Galaxy and its Companion
Magnifying the Cosmos: An Introduction to Gravitational Lensing
X-Ray Astronomy: Probing the X-Ray Universe
Astronomy 101: Getting to Know the Universe
The Universe as Seen by Hubble Space Telescope
Galaxy Types Reveal their Origins and Evolution
Is there Empty Space Between Galaxies?
Fascinating Astronomy Facts
Uncovering the Secrets of Distant Blobs
This Telescope Really Knows How to Explore the Cosmos!
Hubble Spots Gas Bubbles in the Heart of the Milky Way
How to Find the Andromeda Constellation
How Planet Hunters Search for New Planets
How Do Astronomers Use Light?
The Dance of the Galaxies
Luminosity: the Way Astronomers Measure Brightnesses in Space


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HomeArchiveD.C. the Enemy to World Peace
D.C. the Enemy to World Peace
March 21, 2015 AFP Archive 4
On February 25 and 26, Paul Craig Roberts addressed the 70th Anniversary of the Yalta Conference, hosted by the Russian Academy of Sciences and Moscow State Institute of International Relations in Moscow. The following is his speech, which was given over the course of the two-day event.
By Paul Craig Roberts —
Recently, I was invited to address an important conference of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow. Scholars from Russia and from around the world, Russian government officials and the Russian people seek an answer as to why Washington destroyed during the past year the friendly relations between America and Russia that President Ronald Reagan and President Mikhail Gorbachev succeeded in establishing. All of Russia is distressed that Washington alone has destroyed the trust between the two major nuclear powers that had been created during the Reagan-Gorbachev era, trust that had removed the threat of nuclear Armageddon.
Russians at every level are astonished at the virulent propaganda and lies constantly issuing from Washington and the Western media. Washington's gratuitous demonization of Russian President Vladimir Putin has rallied the Russian people behind him. Putin has the highest approval rating ever achieved by any leader in my lifetime.
Washington's reckless and irresponsible destruction of the trust achieved by Reagan and Gorbachev has resurrected the possibility of nuclear war from the grave in which Reagan and Gorbachev buried it. Again, as during the Cold War the specter of nuclear Armageddon stalks the Earth.
Why did Washington revive the threat of world annihilation? Why is this threat to all of humanity supported by the majority of Congress, by the entirety of the presstitute media and by academics and think-tank inhabitants in the U.S.?
It was my task to answer this question for the conference. Read my speech below.
'American Exceptionalism' Dangerous
What I propose to you is that the current difficulties in the international order are unrelated to Yalta and its consequences, but have their origin in the rise of the neoconservative ideology in the post-Soviet era and its influence on Washington's foreign policy.
The collapse of the Soviet Union removed the only constraint on Washington's power to act unilaterally abroad. At that time China's rise was estimated to require a half-century. Suddenly the United States found itself to be the uni-power, the "world's only superpower." Neoconservatives proclaimed "the end of history."
By the "end of history" neoconservatives mean that the competition between socio-economic-political systems is at an end. History has chosen "American democratic-capitalism." It is Washington's responsibility to exercise the hegemony over the world given to Washington by history and to bring the world in line with history's choice of American democratic-capitalism.
In other words, Marx has been proven wrong. The future does not belong to the proletariat but to Washington.
The neoconservative ideology raises the United States to the unique status of being "the exceptional country," and the American people acquire exalted status as "the indispensable people."
If a country is "the exceptional country," it means that all other countries are unexceptional. If a people are "indispensable," it means other peoples are dispensable. We have seen this attitude at work in Washington's 14 years of wars of aggression in the Middle East. These wars have left countries destroyed and millions of people dead, maimed and displaced. Yet Washington continues to speak of its commitment to protect smaller countries from the aggression of larger countries. The explanation for this hypocrisy is that Washington does not regard Washington's aggression as aggression, but as history's purpose.
We have also seen this attitude at work in Washington's disdain for Russia's national interests and in Washington's propagandistic response to Russian diplomacy.
The neoconservative doctrine of U.S. world supremacy is most clearly and concisely stated by Paul Wolfowitz, a leading neoconservative who has held many high positions: deputy assistant secretary of defense, director of policy planning at the U.S. Department of State, assistant secretary of state, ambassador to Indonesia, undersecretary of defense for policy, deputy secretary of defense and president of the World Bank.
In 1992, Wolfowitz stated the neoconservative doctrine of American world supremacy:
"Our first objective is to prevent the re-emergence of a new rival, either on the territory of the former Soviet Union or elsewhere, that poses a threat on the order of that posed formerly by the Soviet Union. This is a dominant consideration underlying the new regional defense strategy and requires that we endeavor to prevent any hostile power from dominating a region whose resources would, under consolidated control, be sufficient to generate global power."
For clarification, a "hostile power" is a country with an independent policy (Russia, China, Iran and formerly Saddam Hussein, Qaddafi, Assad).
This bold statement struck the traditional American foreign policy establishment as a declaration of American imperialism. The document was rewritten in order to soften and disguise the blatant assertion of supremacy without changing the intent. These documents are available online, and you can examine them at your convenience.
Neocon Foreign Policy Dominance
Softening the language allowed the neoconservatives to rise to foreign policy dominance. The neoconservatives are responsible for the Clinton regime's attacks on Yugoslavia and Serbia. Neoconservatives, especially Wolfowitz, are responsible for the George W. Bush regime's invasion of Iraq. The neoconservatives are responsible for the overthrow and murder of Qaddafi in Libya, the assault on Syria, the propaganda against Iran, the drone attacks on Pakistan and Yemen, the color revolutions in former Soviet Republics, the attempted "Green Revolution" in Iran, the coup in Ukraine and the demonization of Putin.
A number of thoughtful Americans suspect that the neoconservatives are responsible for 9-11, as that event gave the neoconservatives the "new Pearl Harbor" that their position papers said was necessary in order to launch their wars for hegemony in the Middle East. 9-11 led directly and instantly to the invasion of Afghanistan, where Washington has been fighting since 2001. Neoconservatives controlled all the important government positions necessary for a "false-flag" attack.
Neoconservative Assistant Secretary of State Victoria Nuland, who is married to another neoconservative, Robert Kagan, implemented and oversaw Washington's coup in Ukraine and chose the new government.
The neoconservatives are highly organized and networked, well-financed, supported by the print and TV media and backed by the U.S. military-security complex and the Israeli lobby. There is no countervailing power to their influence on U.S. foreign power.
The neoconservative doctrine goes beyond the Zbigniew Brzezinski doctrine, which dissented from detente and provocatively supported dissidents inside the Soviet empire. Despite its provocative character, the Brzezinski doctrine remained a doctrine of power politics and containment. It is not a doctrine of U.S. world hegemony.
While the neoconservatives were preoccupied for a decade with their wars in the Middle East, creating a U.S. Africa Command, organizing color revolutions, exiting disarmament treaties, surrounding Russia with military bases and "pivoting to Asia" to surround China with new air and naval bases, Putin led Russia back to economic and military competence and successfully asserted an independent Russian foreign policy.
When Russian diplomacy blocked Washington's planned invasion of Syria and Washington's planned bombing of Iran, the neoconservatives realized that they had failed the "first objective" of the Wolfowitz doctrine and had allowed "the reemergence of a new rival . . . on the territory of the former Soviet Union" with the power to block unilateral action by Washington.
Attack on Russia Begins
The attack on Russia began. Washington spent $5 billion over a decade creating non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Ukraine and cultivating Ukrainian politicians. The NGOs were called into the streets. Extreme nationalists were used to introduce violence, and the elected democratic government was overthrown. The intercepted conversation between Victoria Nuland and the U.S. ambassador in Kiev, in which the two Washington operatives chose the members of the new Ukrainian government, is well known.
If the information that has recently come tome from Armenia and Kyrgyzstan is correct, Washington has financed NGOs and is cultivating politicians in Armenia and the former Soviet Central Asian Republics. If the information is correct, Russia can expect more color revolutions or coups in other former territories of the Soviet Union. Perhaps China faces a similar threat in Uyghurstan.
The conflict in Ukraine is often called a "civil war." This is incorrect. A civil war is when two sides fight for the control of the government. The breakaway republics in eastern and southern Ukraine are fighting a war of secession.
Washington would have been happy to use its coup in Ukraine to evict Russia from its Black Sea naval base, as this would have been a strategic military achievement. However, Washington is pleased that the "Ukraine crisis" that Washington orchestrated has resulted in the demonization of Putin, thus permitting economic sanctions that have disrupted Russia's economic and political relations with Europe. The sanctions have kept Europe in Washington's orbit.
No Interest in Peace
Washington has no interest in resolving the Ukrainian situation. The situation can be resolved diplomatically only if Europe can achieve sufficient sovereignty over its foreign policy to act in Europe's interest instead of Washington's interest.
The neoconservative doctrine of U.S. world hegemony is a threat to the sovereignty of every country. The doctrine requires subservience to Washington's leadership and to Washington's purposes. Independent governments are targeted for destabilization. The Obama regime overthrew the reformist government in Honduras and currently is at work destabilizing Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador and Argentina, and most likely also Armenia and the former Central Asian Soviet Republics.
It would be a strategic error to dismiss the neoconservative ideology as unrealistic. The doctrine is unrealistic, but it is also the guiding force of U.S. foreign policy and can produce a world war.
In their conflict with Washington's hegemony, Russia and China are disadvantaged. The success of American propaganda during the Cold War, the large differences between living standards in the U.S. and those in communist lands, overt communist political oppression, at times brutal, and the Soviet collapse created in the minds of many people nonexistent virtues for the United States. As English is the world language and the Western media is cooperative, Washington is able to control explanations regardless of the facts. The ability of Washington to be the aggressor and to blame the victim encourages Washington's march to more aggression.
9-11 and the U.S. Police State
Just as 9-11 served to launch Washington's wars for hegemony in the Middle East, 9-11 served to create the American police state. The Constitution and the civil liberties it protects quickly fell to the accumulation of power in the executive branch that a state of war permitted.
New laws, some clearly pre-prepared such as the Patriot Act, executive orders, presidential directives and Department of Justice memos created an executive authority unaccountable to the Constitution and to domestic and international law.
Suddenly Americans could be detained indefinitely without cause presented to a court. Habeas corpus, a constitutional protection which prohibits any such detention, has been set aside.
Suddenly people could be tortured into confessions in violation of the right against self-incrimination and in violation of domestic and international laws against torture.
Suddenly Americans' and Washington's closest allies could be spied on indiscriminately without the need of warrants demonstrating cause.
The Obama regime added to the Bush regime's transgressions the assertion of the right of the executive branch to assassinate U.S. citizens without due process of law.
The police state was organized under a massive new Department of Homeland Security. Almost immediately whistleblower protections, freedom of the press and speech and protest rights were attacked and reduced.
It was not long before Homeland Security declared that the department's focus has shifted from Muslim terrorists to "domestic extremists," an undefined category. Anyone can be swept into this category. Homes of war protesters were raided and grand juries were convened to investigate the protesters. Americans of Arab descent who donated to charities—even charities on the State Department's approved list—that aided Palestinian children were arrested and sentenced to prison for "providing material support to terrorism."
All of this and more, including police brutality, has had a chilling effect on protests against the wars and the loss of civil liberty. The rising protests from the American population and from soldiers themselves that eventually forced Washington to end the Vietnam War have been prevented in the 21st century by the erosion of rights, intimidation, loss of mobility (no-fly list), job dismissal and other heavy-handed actions inconsistent with a government accountable to law and to the people.
In an important sense, the U.S. has emerged from the "war on terror" as an executive branch dictatorship unconstrained by the media and barely, if at all, constrained by Congress and the federal courts. The lawlessness of the executive branch has spread into governments of Washington's vassal states and into the Federal Reserve, the International Monetary Fund and the European Central Bank, all of which violate their charters and operate outside their legal powers.
Jobs offshoring destroyed the American industrial and manufacturing unions. Their demise and the current attack on the public employee unions has left the Democratic Party financially dependent on the same organized private interest groups as the Republicans. Both parties now report to the same interest groups. Wall Street, the military-security complex, the Israeli lobby, agribusiness and the extractive industries (oil, mining, timber) control the government regardless of the party in power. These powerful interests all have a stake in American hegemony.
The message is that the constellation of forces precludes internal political change.
America's Achilles Heel
Hegemony's Achilles heel is the U.S. economy. The fairy tale of American economic recovery supports America's image as the safe haven, an image that keeps the dollar's value up, the stock market up and interest rates down. However, there is no economic information that supports this fairy tale.
Real median household income has not grown for years and is below the levels of the early 1970s. There has been no growth in real retail sales for six years. The labor force is shrinking. The labor force participation rate has declined since 2007, as has the civilian-employment-to-population ratio. The 5.7% reported unemployment rate is achieved by not counting discouraged workers as part of the work force. A discouraged worker is a person who can't find a job and gives up looking.
A second official unemployment rate, which counts short-term (less than one year) discouraged workers and is seldom reported, stands at 11.2%. The U.S. government stopped including long-term discouraged workers (discouraged for more than one year) in 1994. If the long-term discouraged are counted, the current unemployment rate in the U.S. stands at 23.2%.
The offshoring of American manufacturing and professional service jobs such as software engineering and information technology has devastated the middle class. The middle class has not found jobs with incomes comparable to those moved abroad. The labor cost savings from offshoring the jobs to Asia has boosted corporate profits, the performance bonuses of executives and capital gains of shareholders. Thus all income and wealth gains are concentrated in a few hands at the top of the income distribution. The number of billionaires grows as destitution reaches from the lower economic class into the middle class. American university graduates unable to find jobs return to their childhood rooms in their parents' homes and work as waitresses and bartenders in part-time jobs that will not support them.
None of the problems that created the 2008 recession, and that were created by the 2008 recession, have been addressed. Instead, policymakers have used an expansion of debt and money to paper over the problems. Money and debt have grown much more than U.S. GDP, which raises questions about the value of the U.S. dollar and the credit worthiness of the U.S. government.
This raises the question: Why was the credit rating of Russia, a country with an extremely low ratio of debt-to-GDP, downgraded and not that of the U.S.? The answer is that the downgrading of Russian credit worthiness was a political act directed against Russia on behalf of U.S. hegemony.
How Long Can This House of Cards Stand?
How long can fairy tales and political acts keep the U.S. house of cards standing? A rigged stock market. A rigged interest rate. A rigged dollar exchange value, a rigged and suppressed gold price.
The current Western financial system rests on world support for the U.S. dollar and nothing more. The problem with neoliberal economics, which pervades all countries, even Russia and China, is that neoliberal economics is a tool of American economic imperialism, as is globalism. As long as countries targeted by Washington for destabilization support and cling to the American doctrines that enable the destabilization, the targets are defenseless.
If Russia, China and the BRICS bank were willing to finance Greece, Italy and Spain, perhaps those countries could be separated from the EU and NATO. The unraveling of Washington's empire would begin.
Dr. Paul Craig Roberts was assistant secretary of the U.S. Treasury under President Ronald Reagan and was associate editor and columnist at The Wall Street Journal. He has been a professor of economics in six universities, and is the author of numerous books and scholarly contributions. He has testified before Congress on 30 occasions.
4 Comments on D.C. the Enemy to World Peace
Joe M July 7, 2015 at 13:44
This article is pure deception, because the BRICS banking system is part of the whole scam. The dollar crash is a HOAX, or should I say a "stick up" to try and force everyone to desperately beg for a solution. The solution of course will have to do with Russia and China. And of course, the elites are all part of this "new alliance" scheme to implement a new global currency. Do not be deceived by what you are seeing. The whole conflict you see in the news between Russia and USA is FALSE. Complete trickery. Russia is in bed with Kissinger. And China's leader is an Illuminati insider. All in bed together. YOU ARE BEING PLAYED THE FOOL!
Robert Alpy March 29, 2015 at 20:19
Pure Marxist drivel. It's not surprising that you were invited to speak in Russia.
Harald Scharnhorst March 22, 2015 at 08:38
As usual, Washington insider Paul Craig Roberts has hit the nail on the head. It is to be hoped that the spreading of his speech in Russia may have the effect of leading to an understanding WHY the policy is the way it is!
John Ellenz March 22, 2015 at 00:22
Great job on the article, Dr. Roberts. Every person in America should read this and understand what is really happening to our country.


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Diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN) is an explosive nitrated alcohol ester with the formula C4H8N2O7. While chemically similar to numerous other high explosives, pure diethylene glycol dinitrate is difficult to ignite or detonate. Ignition typically requires localized heating to the decomposition point unless the DEGDN is first atomized.

Preparation and uses
Diethylene glycol dinitrate can be made by nitration of diethylene glycol with nitric acid in presence of a dehydrating agent like concentrated sulfuric acid.

DEGDN can be mixed with nitrocellulose or nitroglycol to form a colloid, which is used in smokeless powder for artillery and rocket propellant. During World War II, the Kriegsmarine frequently used this mixture in their artillery. It has also found use as desensitizing plasticizer because it contributes to the power of the mixture while stabilizing the explosives.

Toxicity
If ingested, like nitroglycerine, it rapidly causes vasodilation through the release of nitric oxide, a physiological signaling molecule that relaxes smooth muscle. Consequently, diethylene glycol dinitrate has occasionally been used medically to relieve angina, which is substernal chest pain associated with impaired cardiac circulation. The rationale is that the concurrent headache it induces is somewhat less severe than other nitro compounds.

Uses
At present, interest in the chemical seems to be mostly historical: more potent perchlorate–metal mixtures have long since supplanted it as a solid propellant; safer explosives have replaced nitroglycerine, true dynamites (the term is often used generically, even by experienced field technicians, to refer to almost any explosive supplied in small, discrete packages) retaining only a few specialist uses. The medical application was never widespread, the standard nitroglycerine being faster acting and very inexpensive; oral nitrates in any case being only palliative, not an effective treatment.

Triethylene glycol dinitrate, diethylene glycol dinitrate, and trimethylolethane trinitrate are being considered as replacements for nitroglycerin in propellants.

See also
 TNT equivalent
 RE factor

References

W. H. Rinkenbach, Industrial Engineering Chemistry v19 p925 (1927) Note: the present author has transliterated some terminology and notation in line with modern practice.
Military applications referenced in Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War 2; Gen. Ed. Chris Bishop, c.2003 Friedman/Fairfax NYNY,

Nitrate esters
Propellants
Monopropellants
Explosive chemicals
Liquid explosives
Plasticizers
Antianginals

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