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Ukrajinska književnost je književnost pisana na staroukrajinskom odnosno suvremenom ukrajinskome jeziku.

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Staroukrajinska književnost

Ukrajinci svoju književnost bilježe od stvaranja srednjovjekovne države Kijevske Rusi. Razvoj izvorne literature u Kijevskoj Rusi uglavnom je bio obilježen bogatom narodnom usmenom tradicijom i prijevodima religijskih tekstova. Najznačajniji didaktički rad tog razdoblja je »Propovijed o zakonu i blagodati« (Slovo o zakone i blagodati) iz 1050. godine. Radi se o relativno složenom govoru kojeg je napisao tadašnji vođa Kijevske crkve, Ilarion Kijevski. To se danas uglavnom smatra prvim djelom ukrajinske, ali i ruske te bjeloruske književnosti. U 11. stoljeću pojavila se i priča skupine anonimnih autora koja govori o prvim staroukrajinskim ili staroruskim svecima Borisu i Glebu.

Također značajno djelo istog staroukrajinskog razdoblja je »Povijest prošlih vremena« (Povest' vremennykh let) odnosno prva staroukrajinska kronika iz 1113. godine. To djelo govori o povijesti istočnoslavenskih plemena, a napisao ga je svećenik ljetopisac Nestor. Za isti period također je značajno djelo »Pjesma o Igorovom pohodu« (Slovo o polku Igoreve) iz 1185. godine. Djelo u liričnoj odnosno ritmičnoj prozi govori u neuspjelom pohodu kneza Igora protiv jednog nomadskog naroda iz Azije. Godine 1215. napisani su Kijevski Paterici odnosno zbirka priča o monasima u Kijevsko-pečerskoj lavri, inače najstarijem istočnoslavenskom pravoslavnom svetištu.

Rus'ka pravda (u originalu) ili Kijevska pravda je najstarija zbirka staroukrajinskih zakona. Također je poznata kao Ukrajinska pravda, a u Ukrajini je smatraju prvim ukrajinskim državnim Ustavom. Napisana je na staroukrajinskom jeziku tijekom 11. i 12. stoljeća, a prve odredbe potiču iz 1016. godine za vladavine kijevskog kneza Jaroslava Mudrog. U njoj su sabrane naredbe koje su izdavali tadašnji staroukrajinski kneževi. Rus'ka pravda jedan je od najboljih izvora za proučavanje relativno naprednog društva u ranofeudalnoj Kijevskoj Rusi.

Polemičko razdoblje do 18. st.

Ustav velike kneževine Litve, Rusi (Ukrajine) i Samogitije
Nakon mongolskih napada i povlačenja Zlatne Horde na obale južne Volge, gotovo kompletnim ukrajinskim prostorom (izuzev Krima) zavladala je Velika kneževina Litva. Do stupanja u državnu uniju s Poljskom, Ukrajinci su u toj državi činili oko 80% populacije, Bjelorusi oko 10%, a svega 10% činili su Litavci, Samogiti i ostali narodi. Država je svojim proširenjem na prostore Bjelorusije i Ukrajine sredinom 14. stoljeća prihvatila i pravoslavnu religiju kao službenu. Službeni jezik je također postao staroukrajinski, a godina 1529., 1566. i 1588. prema uzoru na Kijevsku pravdu tiskaju se službeni Ustavi Velike kneževine Litve upravo na staroukrajinskom jeziku. Litavska elita u početku se proglasila i nasljednicom Kijevske Rusi a država je preimenovana u »Veliku kneževinu Litvu, Rus' (Ukrajinu) i Samogitiju«, ali se nakon nekog vremena našla pred opasnošću od gubitka vlasti i autonomije jer se u državi aktivirala brojna obrazovana ukrajinska i bjeloruska populacija. To je bio povod da Litavci razmišljaju o dinastijskoj i državničkoj uniji s Poljskim Kraljevstvom.

Razdoblje katoličko-jezuitskog utjecaja
Nakon razdoblja staroukrajinske književnosti u Kijevskoj Rusi, uslijedilo je središnje složeno razdoblje razvoja ukrajinske literature obilježeno poljsko-ukrajinskim tenzijama. Jasni počeci tog razdoblja bilježe se u 16. stoljeću pod sve jačim utjecajem ukrajinskih kozačkih te drugih pravoslavnih društava. To je razdoblje u ukrajinskoj povijesti postalo sinonim za ukrajinsku borbu za neovisnost. Konkretne posljedice te borbe za neovisnost vide se u Ukrajinsko-poljskom ratu između 1648. i 1654. godine. U istom razdoblju Ukrajinci se već više od stoljeća sureću sa snažnim utjecajem katoličke kulture koja među ukrajinskim kozacima nije dobro primljena radi poljskog političkog predznaka. Konačno, iz više razloga, Ukrajinci su službeno prešli na katoličku vjeru u sklopu Brestske crkvene unije 1596. godine što se također odrazilo i na stvaranje novih oblika utjecaja na ukrajinsku literaturu odnosno književnost. Jedan bitan oblik literarne kulture koji je proizašao nakon stvaranja ukrajinske Unijatske Crkve je takozvana polemička literatura pisana na staroukrajinskom i staropoljskom jeziku, ponekad i na crkveno-slavenskom jeziku.

Snažne religiozne i političke polemike susreću se zahvaljujući utjecaju poljskih Jezuita Piotra Skarge i Benedikta Herbesta koji su kritizirali institucionalnu i duhovnu praksu u Pravoslavnim crkvama. Ukrajinska strana u svemu tome nije bila ravnodušna te su i sami vidjeli da okupacija te degradacija Carigrada vodi ka ugrozi opstojnosti Ukrajinske pravoslavne crkve kao budućeg relevantnog čimbenika. Ukrajinci su tada objavili niz zanimljivih literarnih djela, a među utjecajnim osobama posebno se ističu Herasym Smotryckyj, Ipatij Potij, Ivan Vyšenkyj, Meletij Smotryckyj i drugi. Godine 1576. u gradu Ostrohu, u zapadnoj Ukrajini, osnovana je Ostroška akademija. Danas se smatra prvim modernim sveučilištem u cijeloj istočnoj Europi, a ponovo je reformirana 1994. godine. Ključna osoba pri osnivanju Ostroške akademije bio je ukrajinski plemić Konstjantin Vasilj Ostrockij, koji je ujedno zaslužan za tiskanje prve biblije na staroslavenskom jeziku - Ostroška Biblija. U 17. stoljeću osnovana je vodeća znanstveno-obrazovna institucija u istočnom dijelu Europe odnosno Kijevsko-mogiljanska akademija koju je predvodio ukrajinski pravoslavni mitropolit Petro Mogila. Ta je akademija predstavljala ravnopravnog natjecatelja naspram snažnog katoličkog utjecaja koji je pristizao iz Poljske. Poseban doprinos razvoju ukrajinske književnosti toga razdoblja daje pjesnik i filozof Hryhorij Skovoroda.

Moderan europski Ustav Pilipa Orlika

Ustav Pilipa Orlika ili prvi moderan Ustav Ukrajine nastao je 1710. godine. Napisao ga je ukrajinski hetman Pilip Orlik pred izgubljenu bitku kod Poltave u kojoj su se sukobile Rusija, Švedska i Ukrajina. Ovaj je ustav napisan na latinskom i staroukrajinskom jeziku i smatra se među prvim modernim ustavima u svijetu. Sastoji se od preambule i 16 članaka koje odražavaju političko-filozofska i pravna razmišljanja barokne Ukrajine. Ovo vrijeme ujedno označava postepeni kraj stečene ukrajinske autonomije i neovisnosti nakon progonstva ukrajinskog hetmana Ivana Mazepe. Ovaj Ustav Ukrajine nikada nije stupio na snagu s obzirom na to da je njegov sadržaj završen u progonstvu.

Ukrajinska književnost u 19. st.

Ukrajinska trojka i nacionalni preporod

Na prijelazu iz 18. u 19. stoljeće teritorij Ukrajine bio je podijeljen između Ruskog Carstva i Austro-Ugarske Monarhije. Restrikcije u sklopu Austro-Ugarske bile su zanemarive u odnosu na one u Ruskom Carstvu s toga je literatura u Zapadnoj Ukrajini sa središtem u gradu Ljvivu bitno utjecala na razvoj suvremene ukrajinske književnosti. Početkom 1830.-ih formira se grupa mladih ukrajinskih književnika iz Galicije s nazivom »Ukrajinska trojka«, u originalu Rus'ka ili Rutenska trojka (riječi Rus' i Ukrajina ovdje su sinonimi). Tu su trojku predvodila tri ugledna intelektualca Markijan Šaškevyč, Jakiv Holovackyj i Ivan Vahylevyč koji su osim književnih postignuća podupirali istraživanje ukrajinske povijesti, kulture i naravno samog jezika.

Do tada su svi Ukrajinci Zapadne Ukrajine i dalje koristili stari naziv »Rusini« (lat. Ruteni), dok se ostatak ukrajinskog naroda u Ruskom Carstvu imenovao »Malorusima«. Tri intelektualca javno su propagirali tezu da su Rusini (Ukrajinci) iz Galicije, Bukovine i Zakarpatja dio velikog ukrajinskog naroda u Ruskom Carstvu s vlastitim jezikom, kulturom i poviješću. Godine 1836. izlazi njihovo značajno književno djelo odnosno književna kolekcija »Rusalka Dnjistrovka« pisana na govornom ukrajinskom jeziku. Zbog svojih izrazito ukrajinskih istupa Ukrajinska trojka je nailazila na probleme i zabrane u cijeloj Austro-Ugarskoj, no ipak njihov rad bio je dovoljan poticaj da ukrajinski književnici u dva razdvojena imperija počnu sve više surađivati.

Krajem 18. stoljeća posebno značajan barokni pisac u ruskom dijelu Ukrajine postaje Ivan Kotljarevskij, jedan od predvodnika u stvaranju suvremenog ukrajinskog književnog jezika. Kotljarevskij je u ukrajinskoj književnosti posebno značajan zbog svojeg djela Eneida koje je 1798. po prvi puta napisano na ukrajinskom književnom jeziku. Nakon što je završio Teološku školu u Poltavi 1789., započeo je svoj društveni rad kao učitelj te se iznimno približio ukrajinskom narodnom društvu koje je bilo pod manjim utjecajem rusifikacijske politike i sve veće dominacije ruskog jezika u ukrajinskim gradovima.

Romantizam i genij Taras Ševčenko

Ukrajinci u sklopu Ruskog Carstva tijekom 18. i 19. stoljeća bili su pod stalnim pritiskom bez znanstvenog uporišta kako ne postoji ukrajinski jezik već je riječ isključivo o dijalektu »velikog ruskog jezika«. Dio ukrajinskih genijalaca (odgojenih u ukrajinskom kulturnom duhu) u ruskoj književnosti do jedne mjere se počeo miriti s takvom imperijalnom politikom, a među njima se posebno ističu Mikola Gogolj i njegov simpatizer Fjodor Dostojevski koji su porijeklom bili iz Ukrajine, jedan rodom a drugi po ocu. Gogolj (rodom iz Ukrajine) je vodio poseban »vlastiti rat« pošto mu je ruska sredina bila teško prihvatiljiva te u suprotnosti s kulturom razmišljanja kakva se susretala u Ukrajini. No upravo zahvaljujući ukrajinskom načinu promišljanja Gogolj je postao najupečatljiviji odnosno najoriginalniji predstavnik ruske proze u 19. stoljeću. Gogolj je imao izniman utjecaj na rusku književnost kao i na svog sunarodnjaka Dostojevskog te neke druge poznate ruske autore. Takvoj rusifikacijskoj praksi, u kojoj je ruski jezik bio preduvjet za bilo kakav rad i eventualni uspjeh, snažno su se oduprijela dva velika ukrajinska književnika Taras Ševčenko i Pantelejmon Kuliš. Njihov rad nije samo usavršio ukrajinsku književnost već je bio ključan oslonac u formiranju neovisnog ukrajinskog nacionalnog ideniteta.

Taras Ševčenko autor je značajnog djela Kobzar, zbirke ukrajinskih pjesama tiskanih 1840. u Sankt Peterburgu. Uz patriotsku povijesnu tematiku, jedan od naslova u toj zbirci pjesama dotaknuo se i slobodne uporabe ukrajinskog jezika i literature te generalno ukrajinskog nacionalnog oslobođenja. Nakon gotovo dvije stotine godina snažne rusifikacijske politike koja je uključivala različite oblike zabrana te izrazitu antiukrajinsku propagandu, njegovo srčano djelo je doživljeno kao djelo ukrajinskog proroka koji je predvidio propast Ruskog Carstva i oslobođenje ukrajinskog naroda od tiranije. Nakon svojih proukrajinskih postupaka, Ševčenko je s ostalim istomišljenicima uhićen i pritvoren. Potom je unovačen u vojsku i na deset godina prognan u Orenburg duboko u unutrašnjost Ruskog Carstva. Ruski car Nikolaj I. bio je svjestan Ševčenkove snage u pisanoj ili slikanoj riječi te je izričući mu kaznu napisao: »Držati pod strogim nadzorom, sa zabranom pisanja i slikanja!«. Ševčenko je također djelovao u sklopu tajnog proukrajinskog društva Ćirilo-Metodskog bratstva osnovanog 1845. godine na inicijativu ukrajinskog intelektualca Mikole Kostomarova. U isto vrijeme među prvim jačim žesnkim piscima posebno se istaknula Maria Vilinska pod svojim pseudonimom Marko Vovčuk.

Populistički pisci i realizam
Populistički ideali koji su do izražaja došli nakon Krimskog rata i vladavine cara Aleksnadra II., utjecali su i na stvaranje ukrajinske literature, posebno u drugoj polovici 19. stoljeća. Glavne odrednice ukrajinskog populizma bile su federalne ideje, emancipacija seljaštva i priznanje kulturnih različitosti ukrajinskog naroda. Za isto razdoblje posebno je karakteristično istrživanje slavne kozačke povijesti prepune junaštva, jednakosti i bratstva. Slične ideje su se pronalazile i u djelima Tarasa Ševčenka te drugih ukrajinofila na koje su u jednoj mjeri utjecale utopijske ideje zapadnoeuropskih socijalista.

Do kraja 1870.-ih dva su ukrajinska pisca Ivan Nečuj-Levickij i Panas Myrnyj napisala nekoliko vrijednih književnih djela od kojih je zapadnoukrajinski pisac Ivan Franko napravio vlastitu književnu debatu. Usprkos zabrani ukrajinskog jezika, ukrajinska literatura formirala je vlastiti pravac do 1880.-ih. U ovom razdoblju posebno se ističu socijalno-politička pitanja, znanstvena istraživanja, pitanja aktivnosti intelektualca, prava žena i ostale teme. Tada su između ostalih poznati pisci poput Oleksandra Konyskog, Borisa Hriščenka i Mihajla Starickog. Razdoblje realizma u sklopu čega je bio zabranjen ukrajinski jezik nije zaustavilo ideje ukrajinskih pisaca koji su se posebno iskazali u pisanju dramskih djela, i na taj su način odašiljali svoje poruke narodu. Ovdje se ističu Marko Kropyvnyckyj i Ivan Karpenko-Karyj.

U istom razdoblju značajni zapadnoukrajinski pisci podrazumijevaju osobe poput Ivana Franka, Mihajla Pavlyka, Osypa Makoveja i drugih. Ivan Franko uz Tarasa Ševčenka spada među najpriznatije ukrajinske pisce te se smatra jednim od začetnika ukrajinskog radikalizma. Ivan Franko bio je poznati srednjoeuropski pisac te je često surađivao s mnogim europskim uglednicima, uključujući i hrvatskog jezikoslovca Vatroslava Jagića kod kojeg je doktorirao.

Modernizam na prijelazu s 19. na 20. st.
Prema kraju 19. stoljeća dominirajući ukrajinski realizam pružao je sve veći prostor ukrajinskom modernizmu. Neki od pisaca nisu više težili prirodnom preslikavanju realnosti već su izabrali impersionistički model. Posebno atraktivne postaju kratke priče, u dramama se proučavaju psihološki sukobi, osjećaji i iskustva pojedinaca. Poezija je u jednoj mjeri odbacila realističku orijentaciju na korist simbolizma, otvoren je prostor za fascinaciju oblika.

Djela pisca Mihajla Kocjubinskog označavaju probrazbu i prijelaz iz realizma u modernizam. Pjesnikinja Olha Kobiljanska predstavljala je neoromantizam koji se posebno zanimao bogatim ukrajinskim folklorom. Ovdje su stvorena izvanredna književna djela koja uključuju i ona od Lesje Ukrajinke (pseudonim za Larisu Kosač-Kvitku) poput djela »Šumska pjesma« napisanog 1911. godine. Možda najveći majstor kratkih impresionističkih priča bio je Vasylj Stefanyk. Poznati novelist i dramaturg bio je Volodymyr Vynnyčenko koji se posebno interesirao u ljudska psihološka iskustva te moralnost inteligencije.

Ukrajinska književnost u 20. st.

Razdoblje 1920-ih
Nakon pada Ukrajinske Narodne Republike, 1920-ih se oblikovala zanimljiva ukrajinska književna pozornica. To je razdoblje obilježila poljska vlast i poslije sovjetska vlast. Ukrajinsko se pjesništvo i proza podijelilo na nekoliko grana:
1. pjesništvo i proza Istočne Ukrajine ili Velike Ukrajine, koju je nadzirao boljševički režim
2. pjesništvo i proza pod poljskim protektoratom
3. pjesništvo i proza ukrajinske emigracije

Istočnoukrajinska književnost

Na ovu je skupinu uvelike utjecala ideologija vladajuće sovjetske vlasti, koja je zahtijevala optizimizam "u ritmu koračnice"; takva je književnost nešto kasnije dobila oznaku socijalistički realizam.

Najznačajniji predstavnik prve skupine je Pavlo Tyčyna, čiji je pjesnički izraz vrhunac ukrajinskog književnog izričaja u 20. stoljeću.
Ovoj skupini pripada još jedna središnja osoba ukrajinske književnosti 20. stoljeća, Maksym Ryljski, čije je pjesništvo estetski obilježila ideja preklapanja intelekta i kulture. Od ostalih značajnih pjesnika iz ovog razdoblja, valja navesti Mykolu Bažana, Evgena Plyžnyka i Volodymyra Sosjuru. Kod svih je ivih pjesnika bilo značajno obilježje romantičnosti i motiv "podvojene duše".

Od 1925. do 1928. djeluje udruženje ukrajinskih pisaca pod nazivom »Vaplite« (Slobodna akademija proletarijatske literature) sa svojim središtem u Harkivu. Ovdje su posebno aktivni pisci ukrajinske kulturne renesanse poput Mikole Hvylovog, Mikole Kuliša, Maika Yohansena i već spomenutog Pavla Tyčyne.

Zapadnoukrajinska književnost
Djelovala je na području Galicije. Za razvitak ove književnosti su značajni osnutak i djelovanje književnih skupina Logos i Lystopad. Ideološki je značajno što su te skupine ujedinile dvije struje u ukrajinskoj književnosti na tom području, kršćansku i nacionalnu.
Iz ove skupine dolazi veliko ime Bogdan Igor Antonyč.

Ukrajinska emigrantska književnost
Književnici iz ove skupine su formirali pojavu koja je kasnije dobila naziv Praška škola. Pripadnici su bili Jurij Daragan, Jurij Lypa, Evgen Malanjuk, Oleg Oljžyč i Olena Telyga te ostali. Pogled na svijet koju je imala ova skupina je bila povijesno-filozofska. Oblikovala ju je okrutna zbilja: ti su ljudi izgubili bitku za neovisnot njihove domovine i silom neprilika su se našli u tuđoj zemlji. Lajtmotiv ove grane su nadnaravno, nemir, oživljavanje simbola pretkršćanske Rusije te jedno protuslovlje - proklinju domovinu, a u isto vrijeme se snažno vjeruje u to da će domovina uskrsnuti.

Iz ove grane dolazi i književna skupina Slovo. Nju je obilježilo što je bila dijelom emigracije koja se već definirala kao trajna. Djelovala je u SAD-u, u New Yorku. Bila je modernistička na američki i zapadnoeuropski način. Pripadnici su joj bili Emma Andijevska, Bogdan Rubčak, Jurij Tanavsjky, Vira Vovk (Vira Ostapivna Seljanska) i ini.

Poslije Drugog svjetskog rata

Značajna je pojava književničke skupine koju se poslije nazvalo Šistdesjatniki. Pripadnici su joj Ivan Drač, Lina Kostenko, Dmytro Pavlyčko, Vasylj Symonenko i Mykola Vingranovsky . Njihov je rad obojilo načelo "protuotpora sustavu i osobne odgovornosti za riječi i za postupke." Ovo je djelovanje pridonijelo nastanku disidentskog pjesništva Ihora Kalinca i Vasylja Stusa.

Ukrajinsku je književnost 1960-ih obilježio mali preporod. No, sovjetski je režim nakon desetljetnih prijašnjih kočenja i zatiranja ukrajinskog stvarateljstva, opet napravio udar na ukrajinsku književnost, uništavajući taj preporod. Tako je u socrealizmu upala u stagnaciju, doslovno preživljavajući. Ipak, tih se godina u ukrajinskoj književnosti pojavljuje jedno veliko ime, Marija Matios.1980-ih se ukrajinska književnost oslobađa te sve otvorenije progovara o traumama svog naroda, postižući zamah koji sovjetski režim više nikad nije uspio zaustaviti.

Krajem 1980-ih i početkom 1990-ih se pojavio novi ukrajinski književnički val koji je doživio ukrajinsko osamostaljenje i slobodu. Poznato je nekoliko književnih skupina iz tog razdoblja: Bu-Ba-Bu, Lugosad, Propala gramota i ine.

Poznati ukrajinski pisci
Jurij Andruhovič
Andrij Kurkov
Oksana Zabužko
Ljubov Sirota
Ihor Pavljuk
Jurij Pokalčuk
Ljudmyla Skryda
Marija Matios

Povezane zanimljivosti
Kijevski listići su jedan od najstarijih glagoljaških zapisa očuvan do danas. To je fragment sakramentara sačuvan na 7 listova, podrijetlom s kraja 9. ili početka 10. stoljeća. Svojevrsni obrednik ili prenosivi misal u listićima čuva se u Kijevu u Ukrajini. Prva stranica listića vjerojatno je pisana kasnije, u 12. stoljeću, i to pomlađenim starohrvatskim jezikom i pismom. Na tom listu nalazi se najstarija nama poznata molitva Blaženoj djevici Mariji pisana hrvatskim jezikom. Radi se o hrvatskoj molitvi Mariji staroj 800 godina.

Izvori u hrvatskoj literaturi
Katarina Tlustenko u Hrvatskom slovu, 31. kolovoza 2001., str.6. – 7.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Staroukrajinska literatura (ukr.)
Ukrajinska literatura (eng.)

Ukrajinska književnost


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Weather is seldom an issue for our tours since they can be conducted inside our barn. We have a meeting/classroom designed just for tours. All of our cows, livestock housing and milking system are under one roof.
You'll want to wear comfortable clothing and shoes. Find out all the things you want to know about a dairy farm, see how our cheese is made, make some home-made ice cream and grind corn to make flour. See the momma cows and baby calves. Learn how farmers grow the food you eat!
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Gastric cancer is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Identifying individuals at high risk is important for surveillance and prevention of gastric cancer. Having first-degree relatives diagnosed with gastric cancer is a strong and consistent risk factor for gastric cancer, ..
Most gastric cancers are caused by infection with the common human bacterial pathogen, Helicobacter pylori. It is now accepted that gastric cancer can be prevented and virtually eliminated by H. pylori eradication and this knowledge was responsible for country-wide H. pylori era..
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become accepted as a minimally invasive treatment for gastric neoplasms. However, the development of synchronous or metachronous gastric lesions after endoscopic resection has become a major problem. We investigated the..
Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide and is usually detected at a late stage, except in Korea and Japan where early screening is in effect. Results from animal and epidemiological studies suggest that Helicobacter pylori infection, and subseque..
Although medical treatment has been shown to improve quality of life and prolong survival, no significant progress has been made in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) within the last two decades. Thus, the optimum standard first-line chemotherapy regimen for AGC remains debatable, and..
Gastric yolk sac tumors are extremely rare and their prognosis is poor; most patients have widespread metastases at the time of diagnosis. The treatment of gastric yolk sac tumors consists of aggressive chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and surgery. Here, we first report a case of gastric y..
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Thus, patients with a DPD deficiency are at risk of developing severe 5-FU-associated toxicity.
A 37-year-old female with gastric cancer underwent a curative operation, ..
Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is the rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin synthesis. An increased expression has been implicated in the development and progression of human gastric cancers and colorectal adenomas and cancers. This study aimed to determine the involvement a..
Background/Aims: The relationship between the serum pepsinogen (sPG) level and changes in gastric mucosa has been well studied. Here, we evaluated the usefulness of sPG (I, II, I/II ratio) and intragastric pH as a biomarker of severe gastric atrophy in gastric neoplastic lesions. Methods: A total of..


It can be a challenge to live with tinnitus. As you are the only person who can hear the annoying ringing in your ears, it may seem like you are dealing with this on your own – this simply isn't true! Others with tinnitus have gone through this before you. This article offers useful information and ideas to help you deal with this frustrating condition.
Avoid situations or places where you expect to encounter loud noises. If you are unable to do this, use earplugs. Excessive noise is one common cause of tinnitus. You want to divert any more destruction to the ear so that your tinnitus won't get worse. Also, do not participate in any activity that could cause your existing tinnitus to worsen.
Stay away from situations where there are loud noises. If you cannot avoid noisy environments for some reason, utilize earplugs. Sometimes tinnitus occurs when a person is around loud noises for too long. If you already have tinnitus, further noise-induced ear damage will only make the condition worse. This is also an effective way to stave off attacks, if you already have tinnitus.
If doctors say they have no way of helping you, keep trying until you find a more knowledgeable doctor. Some doctors can't provide a proper treatment because they do not have the education about the topic; others do know about tinnitus, and they can help you.
TIP! If the doctor says that they cannot assist you with tinnitus, try to see another one. Some doctors just do not know how to cope with tinnitus and how you are better able to deal with it.
Turn on any type of machinery that generates soft background noise if you're having tinnitus symptoms. Your tinnitus won't stand out as the noise will cover it up. Often, if you are only hearing the sounds, it can become easy to get fixated on it.
Create a calm, bedtime routine that you can do every night. Most people that have tinnitus have a hard time staying asleep or falling asleep. If you have a routine during bedtime, this can reduce the problem. Try doing some light stretching exercises, followed by several minutes of deep breathing before getting into bed. These activities not only help you relax, about also help lower blood pressure.
It can be helpful to utilize a machine at night that emits white noise. The noise will help to drown out your tinnitus, allowing you to fall asleep more easily. For some people, though, this can actually aggravate their tinnitus. The only way to tell how it will work for you is to try it for yourself.
TIP! White noise machines used while sleeping can be helpful. With the distraction of the white noise, you may be able to ignore your tinnitus and get some sleep.
They say that a tired dog is a good dog, and the same goes for a person with tinnitus. The drowsier you are when you go to bed, the faster you will get to sleep. You can lessen your tinnitus symptoms by exercising, which in turn, will make your day better.
Buy a white noise machine, or put a fan in your room, to help you fall asleep while dealing with tinnitus. Experiment with different sounds, and find what sound is most relaxing for you. White noise will help you go to sleep by distracting you from your tinnitus.
Create a calm, bedtime routine that you can do every night. Crafting a schedule helps you to fall asleep regularly. Having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep is mostly brought on by irregular sleep, and this can affect tinnitus very negatively. A relaxing routine at bedtime can really help you to get a good night's sleep. Try some light exercises in stretching. Follow this by breathing deep for a few minutes before climbing into bed. These activities not only help you relax, about also help lower blood pressure.
TIP! It's a great idea to develop a calm, relaxed routine at bedtime every night. Tinnitus sufferers tend to have great difficulty getting to sleep, or being able to stay asleep.
If you are stressed by the constant symptoms of your tinnitus, it may be time to consider meditating. Meditation is well documented in its ability to relax both mind and body. When you practice meditation, you allow the mind to erase distractions and gently refocus. Tinnitus is a distraction and, with meditation, you can learn to focus your mind elsewhere.
Tinnitus is something you can learn to live with. Some only suffer with tinnitus for a little while, and some have to live longer with it. It is important to remember that whether you're a short time sufferer or someone who has been dealing with this condition for years, you can continue to lead the life you have hoped for.
Consider relaxation exercises, like yoga or meditation. Feeling overwhelmed by stress can make tinnitus symptoms worse. When you're in the middle of yoga or meditation, your whole body is relaxed, and that reduces the probability of a tinnitus flare-up.
TIP! If you are someone who suffers from tinnitus, try to practice different techniques that help will you relax, a couple good examples are yoga or meditation. Stress and tension can frequently aggravate tinnitus.
See your doctor. You need to get a proper diagnosis so it will ease your worries. A physician is likely to have a list of tips, tricks and techniques you can apply for managing your condition. Tests will be run to check you for any other condition which could cause tinnitus-like symptoms.
It is important to keep a good attitude when you are dealing with tinnitus. If you are sitting around and only thinking about your tinnitus, it can be depressing. Focusing on the problem and feeling depressed about it can only make the problem worse. Stay positive and your tinnitus will melt away into the background.
If tinnitus is a recurring problem for you, wear ear plugs while you swim. Water fills the ears as you swim, which can exacerbate the ringing sound. You might also need to use ear plugs in the shower to prevent symptoms from worsening.
TIP! If tinnitus is a recurring problem for you, wear ear plugs while you swim. When you go for a swim, water can get into your ears, and for tinnitus sufferers, that can worsen symptoms.
You may have to make definitive lifestyle changes in order to control the symptoms of your tinnitus. These changes may encompass modifying various behaviors and causative stimuli such as noise. Coffee and tea are big culprits for many people, due to the amount of caffeine they contain. Tobacco (cigarettes, chewing tobacco, pipe tobacco, etc) is also another trigger. Even heavy exercise can stimulate your body and cause ringing. You should cut back on any stimulants.
Tinnitus is often caused by dental problems. It would be beneficial to get a diagnosis from a dental professional. Sometimes, a severe overbite may lead to tinnitus. Your dentist can help you if the reason you are having tinnitus is your bite.
Spend some money on a good sound generator and put it very near your bed frame's head. Such generators should fill your ears and mind with good white noise that gets more of your attention than your tinnitus. You'll be able to relax and get some sleep when you do this.
Other tinnitus sufferers have found relief by using the same tips you just read. You aren't the only one with this condition. There are ways you can treat it, and there are many methods that have been vetted by other sufferers. By reading this article, hopefully you already have an idea of what your next steps will be in treating your tinnitus.


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Not Just a Bad Day: Living with Bipolar Disorder (2010)
Mental Health and Counselling; Psychiatry
Sale, DVD (Region 2 PAL, 50 minutes), £40.00
This documentary explores the lives of four people living under the shadow of one of the most commonly misunderstood and diagnosed mental illnesses, bipolar disorder. The young mother, the party boy, the...
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A Summer in the Cage (2008)
Ben Selkow
Mental Health and Counselling; Social welfare
DVD (Region 0 NTSC, 82 minutes), $300.00
Ben Selkow's feature-length documentary chronicles his friend Sam's battle with manic-depressive illness, also known as bipolar disorder. The film follows Sam for seven years as he suffers delusional...
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Going to Extremes: Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia (2007)
Medical sciences; Mental Health and Counselling
Sale, DVD (Region 1 NTSC, 29 minutes), $49.95
David Myers refers to depression as the "common cold of psychological disorders." This programme looks at the two major categories of mood disorders—depression and bipolar disorder—and at the cluster of...
Beryl's Journey (2006)
Beryl Izzard has lived with bipolar for over 40 years. Her way of expressing herself is through poetry. Through a series of 8 poems, each one interpreted by striking images from around the world and...
Just Listen - Mental Health (2006)
Mental Health and Counselling; Social Studies; Social welfare
Sale, DVD (30 minutes), £50.00
This moving series sets out to challenge the stigma faced by people who experience mental problems. Four people talk frankly about their experiences of mental distress, some of the problems they encountered...
Animated Minds (8 Parts)
aka: Troubled Minds
Andy Glynne
Medical sciences; Mental Health and Counselling; Psychiatry; Psychology
Sale, DVD (Region 2 PAL, 30 mins approx), £103.50
A series of award-wining, short, animated documentaries which use real testimony from people who have experienced different forms of mental distress. The first four films, made in 2003, focus on adults'...
Counselling: Exploring Fear and Sadness
Mental Health and Counselling; Psychology
Sale, DVD (Region 2 PAL), £34.99
What happens when someone is overwhelmed by feelings of fear or sadness? Trisha Goddard and Stephen Fry share their experiences of anxiety and depression. Interviews look at the role of talking therapies...
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Chart: 30% of cannabis businesses 'very concerned' about Trump presidency
By Eli McVey
Over half of executives in the cannabis industry are worried about their business prospects under a Trump administration, with 30% saying they are "very concerned," according to a poll by Marijuana Business Daily.
The survey results underscore the general sense of uneasiness in the wake of the presidential election felt by many of those who run companies in an industry that is still illegal in the eyes of the federal government.
Still, a fair share of executives – roughly a third of those who responded to the survey – are somewhat or very optimistic, believing the climate could get better for their businesses under Trump … or at least stay the same.
The anonymous online survey, conducted Dec. 6-7, includes responses from 223 self-identified marijuana industry executives and senior managers.
Trump's victory in the presidential race and his subsequent selection of several anti-marijuana politicians to his cabinet has created a hefty dose of uncertainty in the industry.
The president-elect has not put forth an official policy position on marijuana.
He said earlier this year that he is "in favor" of medical marijuana "100%," but Trump has also said several times he believes recreational cannabis "is bad" and is "causing a lot of problems in Colorado."
Trump's pick for attorney general, Jeff Sessions, has been especially hostile toward the industry. Among many other anti-marijuana statements he's made, Sessions has been quoted as saying, "Good people don't smoke marijuana."
How marijuana industry executives feel about their business prospects under Trump largely seems to mirror who they voted for in the election, though that's certainly not the case for everyone.
The 33% of survey respondents who said they're optimistic closely resembles results of a previous Marijuana Business Daily poll conducted in late July in which 32% of cannabis industry professionals, executives and investors indicated they would vote for Donald Trump in the 2016 election.
Looking at attitudes by sector of the industry, cultivators and investors are more bullish than their counterparts. Nearly 45% of cultivation executives and 35% of investors are somewhat or very optimistic about their business prospects under a Trump administration.
Ryan Smith – CEO and co-founder of LeafLink, a New York-based wholesale management platform – has received questions from both investors and co-workers about what the Trump presidency means for his business.
Smith said the company is moving forward as usual and actually handled more transactions on its platform this November than ever before.
"We're in the wait-and-see camp. No one's freaking out or overly excited – there's still a ton of market for us to capture," he said.
In terms of those most concerned about their business prospects under Trump, retailers led the pack. A whopping 71% of respondents who help run dispensaries or rec stores are somewhat or very concerned about their business prospects, while just 14% feel somewhat optimistic. Not a single retail respondent indicated they were very optimistic about their business prospects under a Trump administration.
Aaron Varney, director of Dockside Cannabis, a retail marijuana store with two locations in the Seattle, Washington, area, thinks the election of Donald Trump brings a lot more uncertainty to the industry.
"It destabilizes the ground under all of our businesses," Varney said. "It definitely puts a big question mark on whether this continues to move full bore or if we'll be hunkering down for the next four years."
At a higher level, Varney said he's "more concerned about the people-plant relationship that could get delayed for at least four more years. Are we going to hear the drum beat of 'good people don't smoke marijuana?' "
It's a question many in the industry are anxious to have answered.
Eli McVey can be reached at [email protected]
Categories: Featured Marijuana Business & Cannabis Industry News, Marijuana Election News, Marijuana Industry Statistics, Data and Charts, Marijuana Legalization and Regulatory News for Cannabis Businesses
6 comments on "Chart: 30% of cannabis businesses 'very concerned' about Trump presidency"
Strictlyorganic on December 12th, 2016 - 12:37pm
I hope he does shut it all down then all these greedy people will be out of business in the small farmer can once again pay his bills by selling and trading a little cannabis death to the big business industry that cannabis has turned into
Chas on December 12th, 2016 - 12:45pm
The libs almost always "fear" anything from the founders documents to small government today.
They want bigger gov.
They are the origins of "fake news"
Trump wants states to run cannabis
Trump supporter on December 12th, 2016 - 3:27pm
Tear up the COLE memo and that will change the industry dramatically …. Buyers remorse ?
Tony Russo on December 12th, 2016 - 3:30pm
We are all reading about the legalization of marijuana in a number of states. Sen Sessions, who will soon become the U.S. Attorney General will more than likely do all in his power (and that is a lot of power) to overthrow the wishes of the state. I had a dream last night that all of the states wishing to defy the Attorney General seceded from the United States, forming their own United Federation of States. I remember that in 2012, Texas was flirting with that idea.
Seceding would not be easy, but it is possible. California, Texas, Washington, Colorado, Oregon and others would present a formidable number to the argument. Since we have been a nation, seceding has taken place 12 times. A majority of the remaining states would have to approve this.
Most states are struggling financially. The money coming from taxing the Marijuana industry give millions each year to the states where it is legal. They won't be ready any time soon to give up their pensions.
Get Serious on December 15th, 2016 - 11:34pm
That's a ridiculous proposition which has about the same odds as winning Powerball jackpot.
Michael Mayes on December 14th, 2016 - 9:45am
The operators currently practicing in the industry are positively optimistic. It is easy to focus on the worse case scenario, but for most of us, we are all in. There is no turning back now.
Michael Mayes
CEO | Quantum 9, Inc.
http://www.quantum9.net


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RR1, Box 3 Global Postal Code: NAC 850H2 MR7C8 governor@generalpostoffice.org
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Open Letter to President-Elect Trump
Dear President-Elect Donald J. Trump:
It is with pleasure I write this congratulatory message to you on your fine achievement of winning the 2016 Presidential Election.
Your energy and diligence is commendable. Congratulations!
There is no doubt, based upon the election results, the American public determined your campaign promises to be more compelling and your character to be superior to those of your opponent's. Initiatives you put forth such as increased border restrictions, the U.S. withdrawal from the Trans Pacific Partnership and North American Free Trade Agreement, the repeal of "Obamacare" as well as infrastructure spending and the roll-back of dictatorial and oppressive Executive Orders are not only compelling but necessary.
The Government of The United States of America looks forward to your implementation of these and other campaign promises. No doubt, the re-shaping of your company's policies and practices to ensure human rights compliance will restore its reputation as a productive and trusted member of the international business community.
The Government of The United States of America offers its support and cooperation to you with its interest free legal tender and its financial expertise to give the United States a chance to get back on its feet and pay down its debt. The Government of The United States of America has first in time and first in right international status. We look forward to working with your administration.
Contact this office at secretaryofstate@theunitedstatesofamerica1781.com.
Again, congratulations.
Thomas Goudey
office of the Secretary of State
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We did some chores for the neighbors over the weekend, including milking their lovely cow, Niina. They just have the one cow, a remnant from their days as a dairy farm. Niina is about the most agreeable cow you could hope to milk. She's friendly and curious even with strangers.
She comes in the barn from pasture and heads straight for her stall not even pausing to consider a stroll through the open door she passes on her way. She doesn't mind if you don't happen to follow the routine she's accustomed to. She's not even particular about which side you milk her from. She eats her grain, lets down her milk and tries to give a friendly lick.
It is so nice to bring home fresh milk and the promise of yogurt, cheese, and fresh cream for our coffee.
We were dairy farmers too in a previous life. I milked on dairy farms as both intern and farm-hand. We also milked sheep for a number of years. There's wealth of agricultural knowledge stored on a dairy farm, each farmer having learned from the generations that came before them.


I want to thank you for your beautiful bar rail, the amazing customer service, and prompt shipment for my bar build. Couldn't be happier with your product! I'll be sure to continue doing business with your company. Also included a few pictures of the bar top with you arm rest.
Couldn't be happier with your product!
My bar is coming out fantastic, great packaging quality at it's best.
Great service and timely delivery.
I was very pleased with my bar. The kit was very well-packed and shipping time was great. Though it wasn't a large undertaking it fit my small (70+ yr. old Cape), private space quite nicely. My compliments to Hardwoods Inc.
Absolutely fantastic stuff. It really set my basement bar off. I get compliments all the time.
Shipped fast and was absolutely perfect.
This product was exactly what I was looking for to use when building my basement bar. The product was excellent and the service was great. I can't recommend this site highly enough.
Thank you for the bar rail. It goes nicely with what we have built!
Thank you for the bar rail.
Bar Rail Molding for 3CM granite or any thick bar top material.
Do you know about the new addition to our Bar Rail Molding Line?
Do you need bar rail molding longer than 8'? We have it up to 16' long!
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In any industry, customer opinion counts. With so many avenues available online for customers to leave reviews of companies, some doubtlessly exist for your company. This creates an opportunity to respond to what consumers say about your organization. Online reviews represent a tremendous avenue for businesses to get feedback and acknowledge the needs of their customers. However, online reviews can also make a powerful tool for marketing. One of the most crucial things to remember with online reviews? These remain visible to a vast audience, so you must handle them in the right way. Be courteous, professional, and respectful to each reviewer. This will go a long way for your field service company. In a trade where reputation and relations make two core components, suggestions and critiques can play a monumental role in the way perception of your business by both current and potential customers.
Whether negative or positive, you should thank the review's writer for their time. Something from their experience (good or bad) compelled them to give your company a review. When customers go the extra mile to leave a comment, it shows your product or services left an impression. Keep in mind; a review is not an attack. Do not get defensive, even if the reviewer has had a negative experience. The criticisms are merely feedback and an opportunity to expand customer satisfaction and strengthen your practices. Use the input to your advantage and turn your online reviews into marketing tools.
Should You Respond to Positive Reviews of Field Services?
Every review, whether it encourages or provides constructive criticism, needs a response. First, thank the customer for their comments, as their remarks help market and develop your business model. If they have praised the job your field technicians have done and feel encouraged to tell you (and the public) about it, the very least you can do is thank them for their kind words. Next, mention your company name in your response. Doing so will help gain an additional advantage in your reply: SEO. If your field service company name appears multiple times on a page, search engines will take notice and could put this in the search engine results page (or SERP) ensuring many users will see the positive review. This space also makes an appropriate place to do a little bit of advertising. If a consumer is pleased with the work your field technicians have completed, invite them to consider your business in the future or for an additional service. The last item your response should contain? A call-to-action. Have customers share their experience with friends and family and get your company name out to the public.
Within every company, mistakes will happen. Opinions will differ. These are inevitable aspects of running a service company. Schedules can get misaligned, and performances may vary from worker to worker. If a customer has had a negative experience with your company and left a review, answer it as soon as possible. Immediately responding to all reviews shows that your field service company doesn't sweep issues under the rug. It illustrates that customer concerns remain a top priority and that your organization takes their reputation very seriously.
The first step in responding to a negative review? Apologize to the customer for their bad experience. Keep your response short and sincere. Keep your response to just a few sentences as a rule of thumb. Explain how the situation goes against the norm and does not represent how you typically conduct business. Let the reviewer know the steps in progress to rectify the situation and assure them that you've taken their words to heart. Again, do not become defensive in your reply. Constructive criticism can help form new policies and strategies, which make great ways to advance your business. Additionally, provide a "real world" contact to email or call to avoid a back-and-forth discussion in the public forum. Having an additional contact also shows the customer that you sincerely want to make their experience better.
Whether on your website, on social media, or on a public forum, you must keep up with your business' reputation. Google reviews, Angie's List, or Facebook… these marketing tools will help consumers gauge what to expect if they choose to do business with you. If someone considers your business against someone else's, they'll likely check third party sources for customer reviews (and how your company responds to them). Maintaining your presence on the internet and staying aware of your reputation will allow you to keep your reputation intact.
Lacking a good source of positive reviews for your business? Don't forget the value of following up with customers. Some may not think about writing reviews, so even a follow-up call or a survey after the job can make a good reminder. This check-in can go a long way. Getting a satisfactory report or valid suggestion, even if it is not a formal online review, is still beneficial to your business and important to document. Field service companies that stay in-tune with customer needs will always grow their base and will always stand ready to dominate their competition.


David Baldacci's The Fallen is the fourth installment in the bestselling Amos Decker series.
The release date of The Fallen was April 17, 2018.
When he goes to investigate he finds two dead bodies inside and it's not clear how either man died. But this is only the tip of the iceberg. There's something going on in Barronville that might be the canary in the coal mine for the rest of the country.


text:
September 13, 2018 / 8:37 AM / 10 months ago
Hurricane Florence weakens but deluges Carolinas ahead of landfall
Ernest Scheyder
WILMINGTON, N.C. (Reuters) - Heavy rain, gusting winds and rising floodwaters from Hurricane Florence deluged the Carolinas on Thursday as the massive, slow-moving storm crept toward the coastline, threatening millions of people in its path with record rainfall and punishing surf.
Florence was downgraded to a Category 1 storm on the five-step Saffir-Simpson scale on Thursday evening and was moving west at only 6 mph (9 km/h).
But the hurricane's sheer size meant it could batter the U.S. East Coast with hurricane-force winds for nearly a full day, according to weather forecasters. Despite its unpredictable path, it was forecast to make landfall near Cape Fear, North Carolina, at midday on Friday.
(for graphic, click: tmsnrt.rs/2p5XM5i)
North Carolina Governor Roy Cooper told a news conference that the "historic" hurricane would unleash rains and floods that would inundate almost the entire state in several feet of water.
National Weather Service forecaster Brandon Locklear said in a video briefing North Carolina would see the equivalent of up to eight months of rain in a two- to three-day period.
North Carolinians made last-minute preparations and hunkered down to await Florence's arrival. A few hearty locals gathered at Cape Fear Wine and Beer pub in downtown Wilmington.
Gimme shelter: North Carolinians take refuge from Florence's fury
FEMA faces Hurricane Florence with range of housing options from 2017 storms
"We lost power at home so we figured we should come to the bar," said Carla Mahaffee, a 33-year-old actor from Wilmington, as she drank a cider. "We've prepared all our supplies at home and frankly, we were bored."
Holly Waters, a retired special education teacher from Wilmington, said she was happy to have a place to go to relax before the storm worsened.
"It's not the middle of a hurricane yet, so why not come for a beer?" said Waters, 54.
Elsewhere in Wilmington, Linda Smith, a 67-year-old retired nonprofit director, was concerned as she watched wind gusts stir up frothy white caps on the Cape Fear River.
"We're a little worried about the storm surge so we came down to see what the river is doing now," Smith said. "I am frightened about what's coming. We just want prayers from everyone."
ROADS FLOODED, POWER OUT
At least 88,000 people were without power in North Carolina with the brunt of the storm yet to come, according to the state's emergency management agency. Millions of people were expected to lose power from the storm and restoration could take weeks.
The Union Point Park Complex is seen flooded as the Hurricane Florence comes ashore in New Bern, North Carolina, U.S., September 13, 2018. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
Roads and intersections on North Carolina's Outer Banks barrier islands were already inundated with water.
Florence's top winds were clocked on Thursday evening at 90 mph (150 km/h) as it churned in the Atlantic Ocean, down from a peak of 140 mph (224 km/h) earlier this week when it was classified a Category 4 storm.
The storm's center was about 50 miles south of Morehead City at around 11 p.m. EST (0300 GMT Friday).
About 10 million people could be affected by the storm and more than 1 million had been ordered to evacuate the coasts of the Carolinas and Virginia, jamming westbound roads and highways for miles.
At least 12,000 people had taken refuge in 126 emergency shelters, Cooper said, with more facilities being opened.
The National Hurricane Center warned the threat of tornadoes was increasing as Florence neared shore and South Carolina Governor Henry McMaster said the heavy rains could trigger landslides in the western part of his state.
NHC Director Ken Graham said on Facebook the storm surges could push in as far as 2 miles (3 km). Heavy rains were forecast to extend into the Appalachian Mountains, affecting parts of Alabama, Tennessee, Kentucky and West Virginia.
Emergency declarations were in force in Georgia, South and North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland and the District of Columbia.
Despite pleas from officials, some residents rejected calls to evacuate.
Near the beach in Wilmington, a Waffle House restaurant, part of a chain with a reputation for staying open during disasters, had no plans to close, even if power was lost, and there were lines to get in on Thursday evening.
Will Epperson, a 36-year-old golf course assistant superintendent, said he and his wife had planned to ride out the storm at their home in Hampstead, North Carolina, but then reconsidered. Instead, they drove 150 miles (240 km) inland to his mother's house in Durham.
"I've never been one to leave for a storm but this one kind of had me spooked," Epperson said.
Reporting by Ernest Scheyder; Additional reporting by Bernie Woodall in Fort Lauderdale, Florida; Carlo Allegri in Wilmington, North Carolina; Mana Raibee in Sea Breeze, North Carolina; Anna Mehler Paperny in Washington, North Carolina; Brendan O'Brien in Milwaukee, Stephanie Nebehay in Geneva and Steve Gorman and Dan Whitcomb in Los Angeles; Writing by Dan Whitcomb; Editing by Bill Tarrant, Lisa Shumaker, Toni Reinhold


Client: The Cornish Distilling Co.
Adventure Stories worked closely with the Cornish Distilling Co. to both conceive and design the branding for Mooncurser, their new Spiced Rum, and part of the new wave of Craft Distilled Real British Rums.
Scratch-distilled just outside Bude on the North Cornish Coast, Mooncurser evokes the ruthless spirit of Cornwall's smuggling heritage. This sentiment runs throughout the design, balancing a sense of minimal simplicity with a hidden dark twist.
From bespoke typography to hand-painted illustration, Adventure Stories worked across the spectrum to ensure that every facet of the brand was crafted to match the discerning standards with which it is distilled.
From a category point of view this is representative of the burgeoning British Craft Rum scene. This marks a move away from large multi-national brands, (traditionally the preserve of the rum category) towards locally produced, high-quality small batch production. A move which has been recently gaining much press for the growing movement.
From a design point of view, Mooncurser defines defines itself as distinct from the maximalist approach to spirit design, using instead a sense of crafted simplicity to stand out from the crowd. With an appropriate sense of secrecy, the design gives more than might first appear..the moon holds a hidden twist.


text:
Mound of earth deemed "really ugly" by neighbours
Scarborough, ON – "This pile of dirt is really ugly, and an eyesore to the nearby neighbours," whined one resident of this borough in eastern Toronto. "Something should be done about!"
The two hectare parcel of land was originally proposed as a site for a sports field, but when that plan was cancelled, the owner began storing soil from nearby construction projects. That collection of earth has grown to a height of 15 metres, so is visible to residents who live to its south side.
Dirt pile as seen from a satellite
Residents have noted detectable runoff when it rains, and blowing dust when the material is dry.
When approached for comment, the hill was quite upset.
Human made "eyesore" has feelings too
"They treat me like dirt!" Mounty McMountain bellowed. "I would prefer terms like loam, topsoil, or earth actually."
Our interpreter continued to seek input about McMountain's feelings.
"It's not like I chose to be here," it added. "Parts of me were brought here one at a time by other humans, right!"
McMountain provides great view of downtown Toronto
Get up on top of me, and enjoy a free view of downtown Toronto," Mounty added without prompting.
Mrs. & Mr. Grumpy Neighbour scowl for the camera
When asked to comment on the neighbours' complaints, McMountain offered, "I don't control the wind, and rain. I can hardly be held responsible for the runoff, nor the dust."
In an attempt to clear the air, McMountain howled, "I think Scarborough is a great place! It gets a pretty bad ride in the press, but has produced some great people in its history. I want to thank your interpreter for hearing me out; he is really down to Earth!"
Author dougzone22Posted on September 19, 2022 Categories Humour, UncategorizedTags dust, neighbours, runoff, Scarborough ON, Toronto ONLeave a comment on Mound of earth deemed "really ugly" by neighbours
Ocean-floor-mining concept faces pressure
Vancouver, BC – A Vancouver company would like to be the first to mine the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the Pacific Ocean. The goal of the project is to gather polymetallic nodules that are found lying on the ocean floor. The nodules have formed naturally over millions of years, and contain cobalt, copper, manganese and nickel. These minerals are seen as essential for the production of solar panels, and electric cars.
Oval marks the spot on this treasure map!
Seeking input from locals, we approached what appeared, in the extremely dim light, to be a kiosk.
"Get you polymetallic nodules here!" exclaimed a sea cucumber named Gummy "Einstein" Squirrel by it's friends.
Gummy in a quieter moment
"Hello!" we offered.
To which Gummy screamed, "Why are you yelling, for fuck sake!"?
Apparently, at a depth of 4 000 metres, sound carries really well.
Whispering, we rejoined with, "A lot of water pressure here, eh?"
"God damn right", Gummy retorted quietly.
Then his Einstein nickname took over the conversation.
"To calculate water pressure, you need to know P = p·h·g, where p is the liquid's density, h is the depth, and g, of course, is acceleration due to gravity. For sea water p = 1023.6 kg/mᴲ, h = 4000, and g = 9.8 m/s2. That works out to 40 125 kPa. Your normal air pressure up there where you live is about 101 kPa. In seabed parlons, it will crush your coconut!"
Polymetallic nodules abound in the CCZ
One more question was enough for us, "What do you think of the plan to mine this area for your nodules?"
"To put it mildly, it pisses me off! In 1978 an experimental "miner" vacuumed the ocean floor. It sucked up many of my friends, and all of the nodules. That area lies barren to this day," Gummy added miserably.
At press time, a team of Israeli engineers, archeologists, and geneticist were rumoured to be preparing to clone Moses, in hope that he would be willing to part the Pacific Ocean over the CCZ to facilitate polymetallic-nodule extraction.
Author dougzone22Posted on September 6, 2022 Categories Humour, UncategorizedTags Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Gummy Squirrel, Moses, Pacific Ocean, polymetallic nodules, Vancouver BC, water pressureLeave a comment on Ocean-floor-mining concept faces pressure
Extinction not all that bad; who knew?
Cedarcreek, Mo – The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service added 23 birds to its extinction list this week, but the move has resulted in a lot of debate. The ivory-billed woodpecker is on the list. The move from an Endangered List to that of extinction is not accepted universally in the scientific community.
Check out the pecker on this one!
"Little is gained and much is lost" with an extinction declaration, said Cornell University bird biologist John Fitzpatrick, lead author of a 2005 study that claimed the woodpecker had been rediscovered in eastern Arkansas. "A bird this iconic, and this representative of the major old-growth forests of the southeast, keeping it on the list of endangered species keeps attention on it, keeps states thinking about managing habitat on the off chance it still exists," he added with far more information than requested.
Dead, expired, pushing up the daisies, joined the choir invisible, or resting?
While on the Endangered List, species are sought out worldwide apparently. If nothing else, the list is a boost to the worldwide economy.
Since 1975, 54 species have left the endangered list after recovering, including the bald eagle, brown pelican and most humpback whales.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature, a Switzerland-based group that tracks extinctions globally, is not putting the ivory-billed woodpecker into its extinction column because it's possible the birds still exist in Cuba, said the group's spokesman.
These mussels allegedly no longer flexing their muscles
"Ah, for fuck sake," squawked an ivory-billed woodpecker named Ivor "Don't call me Woody" Principalis, "I literally flew off the compound for a litre of rum, and some driftwood. I wasn't out more than a few minutes!"
Seems the world's "endangered" are just hiding.
Ivor chirped in, "Yeah, there's a bunch of us in the secluded spot just outside Veradero. There's no extradition treaty, of course, and the noisy Americans aren't allowed here."
We had to enquire as to other residents at Extinctión de Campamento.
"Oh, you'd be surprized," Principalis tweeted. "Off the top of my pointy head, there's Donny the Dodo, The Great Auk (used to be in a circus), Tony the Tasmanian Tiger (he's great!), Perry the Passenger Pigeon (always asking for a ride somewhere), and Ian the Pyrenean Ibex just to name a few."
It is apparent this retirement village of sorts keeps expanding.
"I am here for the duration, man. After all, they don't call her The Great Auk for no damn good reason!"
Author dougzone22Posted on August 28, 2022 August 28, 2022 Categories Humour, UncategorizedTags Cuba, Dod, endangered species, extinction, ivory-billed woodpecker, Passenger Pigeon, Pyrenean Ibex, Tasmanian Tiger, The Great Auk2 Comments on Extinction not all that bad; who knew?
Lone wolf still on the lam
Vancouver, BC – In Vancouver this week, an undisclosed number of wolves escaped from their enclosure at the Greater Vancouver Zoo (GVZ). One wolf remains at large, and he spoke to us under assurances of anonymity.
You looking at me?
"Oh, this has been a great experience," X the Wolf howled.
Our informant had requested we name him after the character from The Great Escape movie of 1963.
When questioned about his inspiration for the getaway, X was more than willing to share.
"There was a family movie night here a few years ago," X yelped, "And they showed the assembled crowd Over The Hedge along with Madagascar. You know, kid oriented films, but mind boggling for my fellow inmates!"
But in a statement, the Greater Vancouver Zoo said it asked police to look into what happened Tuesday morning, as the incident was deemed "suspicious, and believed to be due to malicious intent."
X barked back, "No, not to disrespect my animal brothers and sisters, that's bullshit! We did this on our own, because the conditions here suck elephant balls!"
A recent report by the Vancouver Humane Society condemned the GVZ for enclosures which prevent the animals from engaging in natural behaviours.
Jag, the Jaguar: near-sighted?
"My buddy, Jag the Jaguar lost his shit last year, and mistook an employee for dinner," X added cunningly.
X was sheepish about revealing his long term plan.
"Vancouver has so much to offer. Stanley Park has some neat hiding places, I may go fishing, and I have always wanted dine atop Grouse Mountain. I have been told grouse are really tasty!" he added stealthily.
Asked for a parting comment, X mistakenly uttered, "As for the title of this article, I have never been fond of lamb, other than as friends. Don't believe everything you see in the cartoons!"
Author dougzone22Posted on August 19, 2022 August 19, 2022 Categories Humour, UncategorizedTags Greater Vancouver Zoo, Jaguar, Madagascar, Over The Hedge, Vancouver BC, Vancouver Humane Society, wolves, XLeave a comment on Lone wolf still on the lam
Naming system for heat waves being considered
Seville, Spain – As heat waves sweep across the continents of the world, a new international project is experimenting with naming the heat waves as are hurricanes, and cyclones. The WHO isn't convinced this plan has merit, and in Canada, some researchers agree with the WMO and are skeptical of how a naming system will communicate the severity of heat waves. In Seville Spain this summer, the first heat-wave name used was Zoe!
Man seen cooling off by running to make a breeze
"I'm really, really against it. I think that hearing, you know, the heat wave, Zoe or Joey is about to come your way. It doesn't really drive fear in my heart. I think that I don't necessarily pay attention to it," said Canadian climatologist David Phillips.
Well, despite Mr. Phillips skepticism, and in keeping with our mission here at dougzone22, we ran a think-tank, and have a thorough list of names, and an accompanying descriptor of the wave's severity. The entire first think-tank session was squandered finding an appropriate title!
It was so hot this guy drank feet-washing water
dougzone22's Alphabetical/Chronological Heat-Wave Naming Algorithm
Andrew/Athena, man it is hot!
Betsy/Brady, oh baby! It's hot!
Charles/Christina, are you running the furnace right now?
Dianna/Dylan, you have to cut this shit right out, girl!
Ethan/Elizabeth, are you kidding me right now?
Francis/Francisco, enough with the baking in summer!
Gordon/Genevieve, will you please cook outside today!
Helen/Harvey, this is getting damn ridiculous!
Ian/Ilene, may I stand by your car's engine to cool off?
Josie/James, I am about to lose my shit over here!
Kamala/Kendall, we aren't even halfway through this year's heat waves, damn it all to Hell!
Luigi/Laura, please, ram that blowtorch up my ass!
Magdalena/Mark, Christ on a cracker it is steamy out here!
Nigel/Natalie, at this point the fry-an-egg-on-the-pavement news items will appear
Ophelia/Oscar, buy me an ice cappuccino, and pour it in my pants!
Peter/Penelope, strip me naked, and fly me to Antarctica!
Quinn/Qasim, it is so fucking hot
Rafael/Rose, Oh for fuck sake!
Steph/Scott, are you fucking kidding me right now!
Trent/Tatiana, if one more person says, "Hot enough for you?" all hell will break fucking loose!
Ugenia/Ullyses, just fuck off and die!
Victor/Valerie, don't even think of fucking breathing anywhere in this house.
Willow/Waylon, Fuckitty, fuck, fuck!
Xavier/Xaria, Fuuuuuuuuucking hot!
Yvette/Yusef, Hell called and is willing to pay the ransom now
Zeke/Zoe, (think-tank ran out of descriptors, and settled on…)
Author dougzone22Posted on August 15, 2022 August 15, 2022 Categories Humour, UncategorizedTags Canada, climate change, heat waves, Spain1 Comment on Naming system for heat waves being considered
Art installation draws uniquely negative attention
Paddy's Head, NS – A student at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design in Halifax, NS sculpted a 36 kg chair out of limestone, and elected to install it on the sea bed of St Margarets Bay off of Paddy's Head. The student, a freediver, couldn't take the sizeable piece with her, so decided to decorate an area frequented by her fellow freedivers.
Final resting place of sculpture
Intended by the artist to be an underwater attraction which her diving friends adore, it has turned into quite the fiasco.
Googly-eyed freediver "sees" nothing wrong
Members of the freedive club have said, "It is a miniature stone chair casually placed like an aquatic throne on the sandy ocean floor."
Nevertheless, local residents are appalled at the appearance of such a hunk of limestone.
The chair and one of its detractors
"Holy shitburgers," bubbled Red, the Red Sea Raven, speaking to us via an aquatic-being translator. "I almost cracked my Red Sea Raven head on the piece of crap!"
As if torn from today's headlines, Red continued down the healthcare path.
"I see you are one of those humans who have been complaining about hospital ER closures, but have you ever concussed yourself, and tried to receive medical attention under water?"
Realizing the question may as well have been rhetorical, our Red Sea Raven complainant gurgled, "That homemade obstacle has only been here since March, and those pesky seaweeds are already growing on it, and ultimately obscuring it from view. That shit is hazardous!"
The seaweeds were speechless; perhaps because funds did not allow for a seaweed translator. Regardless our freediving interviewer was running out of air.
Author dougzone22Posted on August 11, 2022 Categories Humour, UncategorizedTags art installation, freediver, Nova Scotia, NSCAD, Paddy's Head, Red Sea Raven, sculpture, St Margarets BayLeave a comment on Art installation draws uniquely negative attention
Screwdriver attack deemed mistaken identity
Saskatoon, SK- A man was viciously attacked while visiting Royal University Hospital in this Canadian prairie city. The victim remains in critical condition, and an assailant has been charged with attempted murder.
The court documents do not identify the weapon, so dougzone22 contacted Robertson "Don't call me square head" Phillips at a local hardware store.
A portrait of the extended screwdriver family
"Well, there are fifteen different types of screws that employ up to fifteen different drivers at last count," Phillips said authoritatively, "and each has multiple sizes in Imperial and Metric measure."
Realizing Phillips' level of excitement, dougzone asked for a simplified dissertation.
Phillips rejoined with, "Most laypeople can identify the two basic screws; slot, and Phillips, but Robertson, Torx, Hex, Pozidrive, Schrader, Allen, and Spanner types also exist.
Show us your tips!
Reluctant to indicate that 15 types weren't listed by our expert, we instead asked about benefits of a select few.
Phillips instantly connected, and added, "Slot can often be used in a Phillips head, Phillips will work in a Pozidrive, and vice versa. Meanwhile Robertson will occasionally turn a Phillips and Pozidrive screw."
Minds blown with the hardware overload, this reporter returned to the Saskatoon courthouse where an assessment of the accused revealed he has "a screw loose", and it is expected the "screws" will be put to him at the impending trial.
Author dougzone22Posted on June 30, 2022 July 5, 2022 Categories UncategorizedTags Phillips, Robertson, screwdrivers, TorxLeave a comment on Screwdriver attack deemed mistaken identity
They haven't the foggiest
Grand Banks, NL – A major scientific research study is set to begin off Canada's east coast. The $7.5 million project funded by the US Dept of Defence hopes to learn how to predict when fog will occur. It is estimated 50 to 60 people in Canada die each from fog-related issues. The Americans are sending some fogologists to cruise the Atlantic Ocean from the Sable Islands of Nova Scotia to Newfoundland & Labrador's Grand banks.
The extent of current fog knowledge
Swede Fogol is the lead member of the team.
"For me to become a fogologist (one who studies fog) seemed a no-brainer," Fogol admitted. "The classes at the Fog Academy were rather small."
When professors at the Fog Academy were asked to confirm Fogol's credentials, they responded, "Oh, we know Swede Fogol!"
He's all fogged up!
Seeing a well-funded-by-Americans project, numerous Canadians are literally hopping on board, including researchers from the Department of Environment and Climate Change Canada, York University, the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, the Marine Environmental Observation, Prediction and Response Network and Dalhousie University in Halifax.
"This level of underwriting for research is scarce bye, so we backed our bags, and made our way to Halifax harbour, for sure!" exclaimed Dr. O. "Baby" Siris, spokesperson for the Canadian contingent. "Of course, we brought our fiddles, and we don't go very far without some Screech!"
What the fog?
If they don't find fog at the Grand Banks, the crew can always have their own heads examined!
Author dougzone22Posted on June 22, 2022 July 5, 2022 Categories UncategorizedTags Dept of Defence, fog, Grand Banks, Labrador, Newfoundland2 Comments on They haven't the foggiest
Blood-sucking Lampreys are back!
Belleisle Bay, NB – Sea Lampreys have been seen returning to this New Brunswick waterway to get at it, and lay eggs at the end of their 14-year lifecycle.
Cute as a kitten at this point
Lampreys are fish that are often mistakenly identified as eels. Like many people, they look completely harmless until they open their mouths.
This sucker is not so cute
Marc Gaden is communications director and legislative liaison for the Great Lakes Fishery Commission, and offers insider information about the predators.
"Lampreys have numerous teeth, and a tongue that has teeth too, Gaden offered timidly. "They latch onto their prey then drill into the host to access its nutrients."
Gaden appears to take Lampreys quite seriously
When these predator fish get into the Great Lakes, their prey is much more susceptible.
The meekly mannered Gaden added, "Yes, the smaller fish of the inland lakes are generally smaller, and cannot withstand the Lamprey parasite."
Asked for evidence of the Lamprey effect on the Great lakes Fishery, Gaden shyly suggested, "A single Lamprey can kill 10 kilograms of fish in a year!"
Unexpectedly, Gaden suggested a lamprey "parlour game".
"Lampreys will latch, but not bore into warm-blooded creatures," Gaden offered sheepishly. "Here try it!"
"Partygoers" sample a Lamprey Latch
As the interview was about to end, someone in the assembled press corps farted, and Gaden lost his composure.
COPYRIGHT © WASTE OF INC 2022
Author dougzone22Posted on June 15, 2022 June 15, 2022 Categories UncategorizedLeave a comment on Blood-sucking Lampreys are back!
Hamilton man pushes stroller to victory!
Buffalo, NY – A Canadian man, who resides in Hamilton Ontario, won the Buffalo Marathon while pushing his infant son in a stroller. Lucas McAneney and his two-year-old son finished the race 16 seconds ahead of their nearest competitor.
"Did he make a wrong turn at Walden galleria?"
McAneney had hoped to break the Guinness World Record for such a feat.
"Yeah, we had to get special permission," the jubilant runner exclaimed, "That didn't happen, but we had fun anyway!"
Executive Director, Greg Weber confirmed, "We were of the opinion that this record could be broken, and changed the rules in hopes of garnering some notoriety. Although he didn't break the record, McAneney performed very well under the circumstances."
Asleep on the job?
Sutton, the two-year old, wants the win listed in his name.
"That Weber fellow claims I didn't "run" the race, so I am not eligible for the victory."
Weber concurred, "Only actual runners can be named as winners; that is true."
The little McAneney continued to rant.
"Dad and I have trained extensively for this. This was my first official marathon," whined Sutton. "I don't read yet, but I have watched the news recently. When that gun went off at the beginning, I am not ashamed to admit, I literally shit my pants!"
Maintaining a 3:38/km pace did not allow for diaper changes.
The junior McAneney added, "At the finish line, I was not asleep, but unconscious due to the diaper rash! I should have chosen Penaten as my sponsor."
To the victor go the sores
Author dougzone22Posted on June 9, 2022 July 5, 2022 Categories UncategorizedTags Buffalo, Hamilton, marathon, strollerLeave a comment on Hamilton man pushes stroller to victory!


Summary: Bubbles approached the assessor with a soft body. She was social during the assessment, allowed all handling, and displayed no concerning behaviors.
Summary (1): 7/8: Bubbles allows other small dogs to greet her and keeps to herself.
Summary (2): 7/9: Bubbles wanders the yard mostly keeping to herself.
ENERGY LEVEL: We have no history on Bubbles so we cannot be certain of her behavior in a home environment. In the care center, she displays a medium level of activity.
Another Blind Baby thrown away in the streets to fend for themselves..Monsters!!
I love her, hurry, share, lets get this baby out!
So now there are 2 blind chi's named Bubbles and chi Tikki is blind too(?) and all are strays… is there no end to these despicable dumpers?
All of these blind babies even the larger ones should be rescued without hesitation! A blind dog needs help but a stray blind dog is absolutely in need of shelter & food and LOVE!


Famed architect Zaha Hadid brings her signature organic, flowing aesthetic into the home with Tela, a shelving unit made of solid black granite that nevertheless seems to float on air. Designed for Italian natural stone company Citco, the unit features a structural core of interweaving surfaces that extend into four cantilevered shelves.
The entire unit is carved from a single piece of granite, with interlinking elements providing the strength to support its weightless appearance. While most furniture designs using such a heavy material would emphasize the solidity and strength with boulder-inspired shapes, Hadid's utilizes contrast for an entirely unexpected effect.
Hadid's past collaborations with Citco have included rounded marble tables reminiscent of flower petals, and a number of wall-hanging sculptural pieces. As usual, these textural works take inspiration from the natural world, with shapes that often look like magnified cellular structures.


Every fall rain or shine – shine is better – the trek to a town 30 minutes to the south (is anything in Connecticut really south?) is made by he and his boys and this one-day round trip has been made ten years running and now seems like a reflex rather than a plan. For the kids it's a way to celebrate the apple harvest by downing fritters then riding the tilt-a-whirl followed by a valiant attempt to retain the fritters. For him it's a pilgrimage to the town of his youth while trying to recapture a fleeting glimpse of 1974 and if he looked down Main Street and squinted towards the town green he could almost make it out.
Surrounded by the sounds of marching bands and shrieks and giggles with yellow balloons against a cobalt sky and the red brick town in the front and the orange hills in the back he stood in a New England version of an autumnal eye-of -the storm. Suddenly convinced that he was silent and alone while all of October rotated around him in a cool swirl of air and the warm smells of caramel apples and kettle corn he closed his eyes and took a breath and then another.
The boys had grown up with a tradition, but for their father this was a religion, and somewhere between face painting and shaving and red wagons and car keys the two had figured their dad out – today perhaps it was the look on his face or his slower-than-normal gait or that they had been ready to leave for a while and he had not.
As the day began to fade and the car headed north, with headlights joining twilight, they said dad can you drive us by your old house?


Roughly, the failure happens because the module enables unicode_literals, but Oracle returns table names as bytestrings.
Beh. cx_Oracle returns a str as the column name, whether we are on python2 or python3. Arguably a cx_Oracle bug.
https://github.com/django/django/pull/1075 fixes (or, if you like, works around it).
Thanks for finding the right spot for fixing this.
I'm not sure it's an improvement -- force_text deals with all sorts of non-strings and lazy objects, and seems a bit overkill for this case where we know exactly what the object is. However, I won't argue too much about it.
You're right, I've considered introducing another API just to cover the utf-8 str / unicode case.
But we're already using force_text throughout the code base and it does the job just fine. I think the conditional branches for str / unicode are early in the function so it's fast.
As I said, I don't feel very attached to the three lines. force_text will definitely do the job.
Made introspection always return a unicode as column name on Oracle.
Thanks aaugustin for review and suggestion to use force_text().


Alone is a small hairstylist shop in Barcelona for which I processed the logo starting from a previous sketch from the owner who already liked that design. The goal is to convey the idea of natural and ecologic.
I filmed here the printing process on wood of the shop sign.
I'm the first to say that shop signs must graphically harmonize with not only the type of business, but also with the building type/age/structure/material and so on. So in this case I wouldn't have used wood on marble, if it weren't a direct request from the client, (the shop is all wood and natural look) but still I think this wooden board gives a nice distinction in a street otherwise quite anonymous.