I'm so glad to tell you that I'm going to get a boot in 2 weeks time!!!
I'm under the NHS treatment in the UK (non-surgical) and boots are not used for ATR patients at my clinic. So I had to ask for one to make my life easier. I'm flying to Japan in 3 weeks time to work there for a few months and it is a must to have either a boot or a cut-cast when I fly. Another reason for my request is that a number of boot users have told me that a boot is more comfortable and better than a cast. I have to start commuting for 1.5 hours by train and walk from Week 10 and good protection is need to make my commuting safer.
When I was at the clinic this afternoon, the cast technician told me that a boot was more expensive than a cast and ATR patients usually won't get one, but that my circumstance would justify the request. He then said that "Leave it to me" and sent someone to get the approval. I had this conversation while the technician was removing my cast which was put 4 weeks before. I expected an examination by a doctor, but the technician told me that I was seeing one after he put me in a new cast.
When he removed the cast, my poor calf caught my eyes. I knew it, but it was a bit shocking to confirm that. Next moment, I was surprised because the technician was sprinkling white talcum powder over my lower leg! He said it'd reduce smell if I'd sweat in the cast. If I had been in Japan, I'd have got a big tub of nice hot water to soak my foot. Oh, well… I can live without the wash for another 2 weeks.
Without knowing my big disappointment, the technician continued his job. He told me to pull my toes towards me and I tried it hard, but it was not enough. He then put elastic cotton cloth around my lower leg and foot and told me to pull the further end towards me. I did so slowly feeling tightness in my AT area as I pull it. The technician said feeling that way was a good sign. Having achieved the right ankle angle, he started rolling that warm bandage over my foot and lower leg (with my ankle at semi-equinus position). While he was doing so, I felt pains in my AT area, but pains faded away gradually after he finished the job.
We then waited for 5 minutes or so and Dr. A walked into the cast room. He didn't ask me anything about my AT, but did asked a few questions trying to find an excuse not to give me a boot. I was well prepared for this and managed to persuade him to give me one!!
Thank you very much for the useful input I got from your guys here.
Norm - I especially thank you for your detailed information about different kinds of boots and for sharing your experiences in two of them!
The boot I will get in two weeks time is called "moon boot" at the clinic. It is the AirCast boot. I prefer to the MC Walker boot with a adjustable hinge to the rigid one (AirCast), but I decided to take the offer! The cast technician told me that he had ruptured his AT one year ago and knew what was going through. He smiled at me behind the doctor when the doctor was signing the document to order a moon boot for me.
Anne - I'm glad you've got a boot! I will get there - partial weight bearing - in two weeks! Enjoy the freedom you've got and keep us informed.
Norm - thanks for the useful tips for novice boot users! I will remember them when I'm in a boot.
« I can insert a photo in my post at last!
Well done Chocolata! I get my moon boot a week on Monday - over here it's 4 weeks in a cast, then 4 weeks in a moon boot.
Norm - I echo Chocolata's thanks re the boot tips. I'll be PWB for the first two weeks, am really looking forward to it, though the crutches are getting easier.
With the boot you're going to feel so much freedom, it's like walking aroud with your own foot. Well maybe not the same, but I loved the boot so much more than being in a cast.
Give us a few more pics when you get a chance.
Glad to hear you're doing well….keep getting better.


text:
Bison slaughter put off until maybe Monday "We are Making a Difference," says the Buffalo Field Campaign
Secretary Kempthorne taps an aide from Idaho to head the BLM
By Ralph Maughan On May 31, 2007 · 5 Comments · In Oil and Gas, Public Land Management, Public Lands
Dirk Kempthorne has gotten the President to nominate Jim Caswell to replace Kathleen Clarke as the head (the director) of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. Caswell was the head of Kempthone's Office of Endangered Species when Kempthorne's was Idaho's governor and has remained in that position since.
During Caswell's time in the office, most conservation groups saw his role as making sure no Idaho species got put on the endangered species list. Prior to Caswell's time in Idaho Office of Species Conservation he was the supervisor of the Clearwater National Forest, and earlier the Targhee National Forest.
Back in his Targhee days, I recall we battled with him over the excessive clearcutting on that forest, which is located west and south west of Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks.
Link fixed. Bush appoints Idaho official to run BLM. Jim Caswell, state species conservation director, will join Kempthorne at Interior. By Rocky Barker. Idaho Statesman.
The biggest issue before the BLM right now in terms of money and maybe habitat, is oil and gas with which Caswell has no experience (fortunately, for Idaho's mountains and lands, no oil or commercial quantities of gas have been discovered in Idaho).
My personal experience with Caswell was that he is was easy to talk with.
Ralph Maughan
Dr. Ralph Maughan is professor emeritus of political science at Idaho State University with specialties in natural resource politics, public opinion, interest groups, political parties, voting and elections. Aside from academic publications, he is author or co-author of three hiking/backpacking guides, and he is President of the Western Watersheds Project.
5 Responses to Secretary Kempthorne taps an aide from Idaho to head the BLM
Check out Rocky Barler's blog related to the subject, re: oil and gas in SE Idaho.
http://www.idahostatesman.com/419/story/86548.html
As his blog points out, Caswell is being nominated at a time when BLM's priority is oil and gas, yet Idaho is not an oil and gas state.
Yet there is an EIS being developed on oil and gas development on the Caribou-Targhee NF. See http://www.fs.fed.us/r4/caribou-targhee/projects/oil_gas/index.shtml
Many of the potential lands on the caribou-targhee NF are roadless. Yet Caswell crafted the Idaho Roadless Plan. Of the 520,000 acres "general forest" areas throughout the state (where development would be allowed), 350,000 of 'em are on the Caribou-Targhee NF.
Let's hope there's still no gas in them thar hills.
Ralph Maughan says:
That's for pointing out Rocky's blog. He is right on. It was at the "show me" tours the gas industry put on the Rocky talks about, that I met Rocky, who then worked at the Idaho Falls Post Register newspaper. They drilled about 7 "wildcat" wells and went away. They did find some gas, but as Rocky says the industry decided the quantities were not commercial (especially after the big price drop in oil in the early 1980s).
The only area with potential for natural gas is extreme Eastern Idaho, and the roadless areas there were given no protection in the roadless area plan Caswell put together, which was then announced by Governor Jim Risch and sent to Washington D.C.
I read and commented on the recent Caribou-Targhee draft oil and gas EIS. I know the country well. It is a terrible place for road construction and gas wells because the land is unstable (prone to slumps and earthflows) over much of the territory. It is also important elk and moose country. Some of it is suffering greatly because of the toxic spoils of the numerous phosphate rock pit/strip mines (although the strip mines are in the more stable part of the area).
Mike Panting says:
The oil and gas wells drilled in the Caribou City Roadless Area on Bald Mt. and Tincup Mt. were hot dry holes. Adjacent Caribou Mt. was formed by a hot igneous intrusion that heated the surrounding area.
The Caribou City Roadless Area boundaries were re-inventoried in 1996 by the Forest Service to include all the east slopes (east cirques), the upper north slopes (north cirque), and upper half of the west slopes of Caribou Mountain. The old roadless boundary drew out the patented lands on Caribou Mountain ,cutting off the top of Caribou Mt. Now the patented lands are surrounded by the Caribou City roadless area boundary. See the final Caribou N.F. Plan roadless maps. Now most of Caribou Mt. is in the roadless area boundary for the Caribou City Roadless Area.
Good news for Caribou Mountain and the Caribou City Roadless Area. Mike
Is this the same Jim Caswell who was the Forest Supervisor of the Siuslaw NF in Oregon? If this is the same Caswell, he was instrumental in the early 1990's of stopping the harvesting of "Old Growth" in favor of just managing 2nd growth forests.
No. In the 1990s, he was busy near where I live in Idaho seeing that the Targhee NF timber salvage program continued with little modification.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Are you looking for a twist on a Book Club? Using Google Hangouts can be just the twist you need to get students reading, writing and talking about books. If you need a lesson on how to use Google Hangouts, you can check out the lessons from Google.Divide your students into groups. Each group will be a Book Club. Choose one novel for each Book Club. It can be the same novel for each member of the group or it can be a set of books with a common theme. Set up a new chat and invite each member of the group with the email address. Make sure you, the teacher, is a member of each group so you can easily post and access the discussions. Name each group with the name of the novel or give each group a nickname to keep track of each group.
Now students are ready to use Google Hangouts to start chatting about their book or books. The purpose of Book Clubs is to encourage discussion-not to be a writing assignment to prove a student has rad what you've assigned.
Either the teacher can pose questions that encourage discussion or members of the club can ask questions as part of the discussion. Teach students they can text within the app or they can record a video to provide their thoughts, comments or answers to questions. There are also fun features like GIFs and images which students can use with the teacher's discretion.
You can easily access everything that is posted within the Google Hangout so it is easy to go back and check which students have posted and then read or listen to what they have said.
So, what are your thoughts? Have you tried this? Let us know in the comments below.


text:
Caroline	in New Castle, NY, Ossining History, Running	 April 17, 2016 431 Words
The Heady Family Cemetery
Did you know that one of the very first African-American landowners in Westchester County lived on Spring Valley Road?
And that he was born a slave in Scarsdale in 1751?
And that he and his descendents are buried in a cemetery located on what was once their family farm?
I had no idea, and I think it's fitting that this is my first blog post, because this story was the first one that made me aware of the depth and breadth of the history that lines the roads along my runs.
Lazarus Heady was one of seven illegitimate children of Thomas Hadden of Scarsdale, and his slave, Rose. According to "The African Presence in Scarsdale, NY" by Phyllis C. Murray "Thomas Hadden (1691-1761) was a resident of Scarsdale. His holdings in Scarsdale included two houses, a barn, cider mill, out buildings and a 150-acre farm that extended from the Post Road to the Bronx River. The bequests in his will suggest that at his death, Thomas Hadden had fathered a mulatto family by one of his female slaves. All but the last few sentences of his will are dedicated to providing for his female servants and his seven mulatto children, ensuring their well-being after his death: 'All my Negroes [shall] be Exempted from Slavery, and Wench Rose shall be given a house on the north side of my farm.'"
Exactly how Lazarus Heady came to live and own a farm on Spring Valley Road is still a mystery to me, but he did, and he had a very long life, dying at the age of 99 in 1850. He also seemed to have had a very large, extended family as evidenced by the size of the cemetery itself.
Though many of the headstones have aged to point where their inscriptions are illegible today, you can click on this link and find a list of headstones and epitaphs as they appeared in the 1960's. Copied down for posterity by a lovely lady named Irene Scase Summerville, she clearly shared my obsession with history.
I run by here all the time and never knew the cemetery even existed until some major landscaping was done a few years ago and I saw the uncovered headstones a little way off the road. I asked around and discovered that there is an often-ignored law that mandates that the upkeep for an abandoned cemetery falls to the town in which the cemetery is located. Thanks to the efforts of Gray Williams, former Town Historian for New Castle, the cemetery was cleared of weeds and headstones were repaired and righted.
13 thoughts on "The Heady Family Cemetery"
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Jill L Brekkestran says:
Thanks so much for your blog about Lazarus Heady. Thomas Hadden is my 7th great-grand father. Lazarus and John Hadden, my 6th great-grand father, were half-brothers. It's wonderful to get so much information about an ancestor.
Wow! This is amazing! So many connections here!
"Pook" Siprin Bellini says:
Okay, so now I'm thinking that what I thought was a church cemetery was likely the Heady Family cemetery. I am extremely intrigued by your postings, as the turkey farm was my home for 20 years. Thanks for being the bard of Spring Valley Road!
jay robert seebacher, md says:
i think we spoke once? one of the executor's of Thomas Hadden's estate had a farm on Rt 133 and apprenticed the 4 son's: Lazarus, Amos, Turk & (name eludes me) who are listed in the 1795 census,
who subsequently squatted, further north, on the land on Spring Valley Rd, before the Revolutionary War, with the help of their father. I have a copy of the will somewhere, from which you quote. The executor's name is there.
Yes, we did. You should write all of these wonderful memories and historical information up for posterity — you are a fantastic writer!
about Irene Summerville
Three Sinners At Cross Purposes
I first met Irene S…. in the mid 1980s. A car was stopped in front of my gates, an elderly woman was peering over a stone wall bordering the swamp across the street. A doyenne of the DAR, she was high falutin, and over tea, told me of her searching for the the Heady cemetery, which she had studied years earlier . Mrs S… called me "silly boy!" over my own historical naiveté, She lived over the south ridge, in the next valley, on her ancestral tract, which adjoined the Hudson Hills Golf Club.
A legendary ineffable scourge, she confronted with scatter gun in hand, any duffers on retrieval missions, encroaching on her homestead. The impish designer of those links had twisted them so that her home lay at the outside corner of a devilish dogleg.
"Better to loose one ball than two" was elaborately stenciled on a small placard she nailed to a tree facing out on the seventh hole. Or so she boasted, as I coaxed her out of a depressed reverie, when i next saw her a score of years hence in my office, at the end of a full century of her singularly defiant life.
Stunned to see her still alive, I dragged my senior partner away from his patient to meet such a notorious local persona, and made a stentorian introduction to snap her, if only for a few minutes, into our comparatively dull reality.
Hearing the commotion, a large man, who had been waiting patiently for a doctor, appeared in our doorway grinning broadly. He addressed her and recounted a most amazing story.
The Engineers Tale:
Although he was no stranger to the Hudson Valley Bone & Joint Surgeons, I first knew him at the local bar, years ago: a handsome dashing young railroad engineer. He was later involved in a horrible car accident before the state erected the divider on Rt 9A to stop the drag racing that led to crashes with uninvolved motorists like himself. My partner had labored mightily one long night to put him back together. In the decades which followed, the aftermath: of arthritic knees, hips and spine, befell and made him mine.
Filling the doorway, he reminisced, that as a high school senior, he caddied at Hudson Hills. Recalling the seventh hole a narrow labyrinth that stole many a stray shot in the forbidden forrest of a crazy and dangerous old witch he recounted, "But if you wanted a good tip though, you might venture in, a short distance, to retrieve a prized ball". Thus it was one spring day: the ball in plain sight less than a dozen yards off the edge of the rough. Approaching light footed and warily bending slowly, he froze at the words "I wouldn't pick that one up up sonny, if I were you".
The former caddy stood at the threshold of a room, a moment (40 years gone), and a woman. She was now a listless relic, lying separated from him by me. I felt his fear surge past as it must have once before, when he had turned his head, and saw her standing behind a large tree". "You had on a blue dress, an apron, and a large brimmed straw hat, with a shotgun leveled to the side, at your waist. One slow pass of the barrel towards the brightness of the fairway told me what to do and where i should go without hesitation", he added. From the depths of her present decrepitude she lifted her head and the sunken face cracked into an abrupt smile. What followed was stranger still!
Graduation Ossining High, 1968:
and..and…
Suddenly energized and awake, Irene S… stared straight at my patient. Like Mrs DuBois, Harper Lee's curmudgeon might have, had she seen Jem Finch, all grown up and successful, (despite having trodden down her camelias) and attributed some part of his success to her once forcing his reading of Ivanhoe, my ancient patient inflated palpably.
"If that didn't beat all, Mrs S….." , the engineer went on, a few months later I ran into you again. It was my graduation, and I was called to the podium to receive the school's American history medal and a fifty dollar check from the Daughter's of the American Revolution, presented by one of their most distinguished members: you!" Her pale cheeks, long unaccustomed, flushed momentarily but nonetheless. "Your dress was again blue but of elegant chiffon. You smiled as you handed me the envelope and shook my trembling hand."
bob seebacher says:
I just thoroughly enjoyed reading through your compendium of fascinating, well written and sedulously researched pieces. Had fun tacking on a few vignettes as once sublimely disinterested in history, but contracted a deepening ardor when we moved onto Lazarus Heady's homesite in late 1971. That infatuation overtook me as I began to meet & treat elderly survivors of the bygone, when I started practicing orthopedics locally in 1983 . Thank you for your compliments, i have savored the last 12 hrs and am thrilled to hear my ponderous prose caught your attention. Both my parents were well know journalists in their time, and if for no other reason than the torture i endured grammatically, while trying to dine peacefully with them, as a boy, any thought of joining the fourth estate, succumbed and shriveled to a scintilla, when the prospect of joining the staff of their successful newspaper was broached, when I was a wild 18. I fled fortuitously to a job i have ever considered an awesome privilege.
My own historical dabblings locally, were completely distracted as I diverted into genealogy, particularly regarding my great grandfather, NYS Senator Jacob Seebacher, 6th district, 1880. So i'd be happy to pass on a few worthy inchoate projects; some c some reference materials assembled re:
1/ Mons & Alexander Grinager who lived just to the east of the Headdy cemetary; both nationally famous.
2/ of Grant's Corners, as told me by ancient Elsworth Grant, who as a young fop and neighbor socialized with Margaret & Major as well as Holbrook, at their various homes and the playhouse on Allapartus.
btw Are you familiar with the rare manuscript "Tales From the Crawbucky"?
If you wish more, give me a call one evening; my number is in the book.
Lorena Sniffen Cloke says:
Irene Summerville was an incredible soul. Spent much time with my parents, Harvey and Catherine Sniffen. Had many dinners with her at what's now D. D's Diner. Hated that she had to move from her homestead and into town. Her property abutted Ruth Bosley's who also had to give up her Honestead. At least my dad and I were able to spread her ashes ON her property after it was purchased by IBM.
Sara Garrand says:
Here I am in 2019 commenting on your original blog post from 2016. I have read several of them in searching for this one and you have quite a talent! Dennis Heady was my 5th Great Grandfather, brother of Lazarus Heady. I live up in Dutchess County and would like to take a drive down to see and photograph this cemetery when the weather warms up. Is it in a place that I can access without dealing with the property owners or do you know who they are should I need permission beforehand? If I do not hear back from you, and I hope that I do, I will check in at Wayside Cottage. If you have no luck corresponding with me through the internet and the site doesn't give you my information can you leave me a note at Wayside Cottage? I had also read that there was a school project done at the middle school a few years ago about The African Presence In Scarsdale but I haven't been able to find any cumulative results of their research online. Strange somewhat old fashioned request but sometimes the old ways are the best as I don't want to put my personal information in a comment anymore than I already have. Looking forward to my sleuthing genealogy trip this summer!
Hi Sara — As far as I know, it is acceptable to enter from Spring Valley Road through the small gate at the front of the driveway and cross the property to access this cemetery.
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text:
import pyblish.api

class ValidateMindbenderRigFormat(pyblish.api.InstancePlugin):
    """A rig must have a certain hierarchy and members

    - Must reside within `rig_GRP` transform
    - out_SET
    - controls_SET
    - in_SET (optional)
    - resources_SET (optional)

    """

    label = "Rig Format"
    order = pyblish.api.ValidatorOrder
    hosts = ["maya"]
    families = ["mindbender.rig"]

    def process(self, instance):
        missing = list()

        for member in ("controls_SET",
                       "out_SET"):
            if member not in instance:
                missing.append(member)

        assert not missing, "\"%s\" is missing members: %s" % (
            instance, ", ".join("\"" + member + "\"" for member in missing))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


1. Why are they selling and where are they moving to?
2. Do I pay you for your services?
No, when buying my services are paid for by the seller. All commissions, fees come from the proceeds of the sale, so as a buyer you do not pay for our services unless we find a for sale by owner and the seller is unwilling to pay the buyer's agent a commission for selling, then you as the buyer would pay the commission which would be incorporated into the selling price just as it is with a MLS listing. If you are a seller, then the commission is in the price of selling the home which would be discussed at the time of securing the listing.
We at The Gustus Group have some valuable benefits to you if you buy/sell with us and we would love for you to come in and discuss this further.
3. Can you show me houses for sale by another real estate company?
I can show you any house for sale in Saskatoon and area. I work as your buying agent to help get the home you want.
I am able to show you any house listed with any other Real Estate Companies or agent, or even a FSBO (For Sale By Owner) if you wish to use an agent. That is the beauty of the MLS system it allows over 500 agents to show and sell your home.
Actually is it more beneficial to you if you use one agent as they are able to show you everything and plan a time suitable to you.
4. Do I have to buy through the Realtor that is selling the house?
No, the realtor selling the house is representing the seller and has been hired to market their home. As your buying agent I will represent you in the purchase.
You can use any realtor of your choice to represent you as a buyer.
It is always wise to shop for an agent that you feel will represent you and your interests in the best possible way.
5. What do I do if I like an Open House property?
Call me and I will assist you in the purchase process.
Let the agent doing the open house know that you have an agent you are working with, then they will not hound you with sales pitches, and you will be able to look at the home quietly. Once you have viewed it and like it, I can schedule a time that is suitable to you and take you in for another look in private.
6. Can you sell me a house that is For Sale by the Owner?
7. How do you get paid?
I get paid through the seller.
As agents we get paid a commission on the selling price of the home that is negotiated at the time of listing the property, when the deal is firm and the new owners have taken possession, we as agents are paid from the proceeds of the sale.
8. What if I find the place on my own?
Perfect. Only about 50% of my job is to help find a suitable place the other half is to make sure you are protected and to guide you through the purchase process, answering questions, handling all the paperwork and keeping track of the deadlines.
With the internet and people taking more control of their buying experience, this happens frequently. When you find a property that you would like to see, let me know and I will make all the necessary arrangements to view the property. Once you have decided that you would like to purchase the property, I will advise you on a price and conditions, and will write and present the offer on your behalf.
9. Why do I need a Realtor?
Purchasing a house is a complicated and expensive purchase to do without professional assistance.
Your Realtor is a trained professional. We have extensive ongoing learning in order to have the skills for practicing in real estate. We are continuously trained to keep pace with the times by taking continuing education courses to upgrade our education on a broad range of real estate related issues in order to be able to continue to provide consumers with current advice. A Realtor must be registered under provincial laws that govern exactly how real estate can and cannot be traded. These regulations are your legal guarantee of professional behavior.
Realtors must adhere to the extensive Code of Ethics of the Canadian Real Estate Association. Several provinces have additional codes of ethics governing real estate professionals. Your interests must always be put first.
Should you have concerns about the professional behavior of your Realtor, provincial regulators and your local real estate board or association take these matters very seriously and work quickly to resolve any issues.
Your Realtor can provide you with exclusive features of the Board's MLS System, such as immediate notification when new properties are listed. You don't have to wait for it to be posted on a web site.
A Realtor is someone who can look after your needs and best interests, to negotiate on your behalf, keep things confidential, provide protection for you and your family, and show you properties that suit your wants and needs. Why wouldn't you want someone to represent you on your behalf?
10. What's their bottom line? How much are they willing to take?
As your exclusive buyers' representative, it is my job to find out all I can to put you in the best position I can.
11. When can I get possession?
Possession or occupancy is usually at noon of the date of possession. I caution my buyers not to cut it too tight as there are times when the seller is unable to be out of the house by exactly noon. There can also be times when there is a delay in your lawyers office getting the monies to the seller's lawyer by noon.
12. How much will closing fees cost?
Closing costs will be in the range of $1200.00 - $2000.00 depending on the price of the home you are purchasing as well as the amount of the mortgage.
13. What do I need for a down payment?
Generally you will need a minimum 5% down payment, although there are still some financial institutions that provide 0% down as long as you qualify.
14. Why do I need a lawyer?
A lawyer will check to make sure the title is clear and will be responsible for transferring the title to you from the previous owner and your mortgage is legally binding and solid. They will be the one that makes sure the monies are in place and the keys are releasable to the new owner.
15. What are houses selling for? What's a good offer?
We will know what to offer based on the market experience looking at other properties as well as my research into what similar homes have sold for in the area.
16. Can you get out of the deal once you put in an offer?
When we write the offer on the home of your choice, I will ensure we have conditions in the offer to protect you if we find there is an issue with the condition in the home inspection as well as it will be contingent on a final written approval on your mortgage.
Depending on the property, we may add other conditions to the offer that will have to be removed in writing before you have a firm commitment to purchase the property, and your deposit is at risk. If you have removed any conditions placed on the purchase your deposit would be forfeited. So the answer is yes you can back out, if you are willing to forfeit your deposit.
17. Do you have home inspectors, lawyers that we can use?
We have a list of qualified and bonded home inspectors in the area that we can provide to you as well as lawyers in the area.
18. Why do I need a Home Inspection?
It is for peace of mind, making sure the sellers are not covering up past, present problems with the house. The home inspector will do a thorough evaluation of the property to the best of his abilities, covering major areas of the home, so you can feel your investment is worth the money.
29. What about utilities? When do I have them changed over?
If your question is still unanswered, please contact us through our contact page or call the office at 306-668-1800 and we would be happy to assist you!


text:
Disease Markers - Volume 34, issue 1
This journal is no longer published by IOS Press.
Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on interleukin-29 levels in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis patients
Authors: Shivaprasad, B.M. | Pradeep, A.R.
Abstract: Recently discovered interleukin 29 (IL-29) has antiviral properties and its production is induced by herpes viruses. This study was aimed at analyzing the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on IL-29 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients. A total of 60 participants were divided into healthy group (group 1; n=20), chronic periodontitis group (group 2; n=20), and aggressive periodontitis group (group 3; n=20). GCF samples collected from each subject at …baseline and 6–8 weeks after scaling and root planing were quantified for IL-29 levels using ELISA. The mean IL-29 concentration in GCF was found to be highest in group 3 (92.37 pg/μl). The mean IL-29 level in group 1 and group 2 was 36.88 pg/μl and 69.35 pg/μl respectively. After scaling and root planing, the mean concentration of IL-29 in GCF was increased to 85.99 pg/μl in group 2 and to 114.64 pg/μl in group 3. Results of the present study indicate that antiviral IL-29 level was highest in GCF of aggressive periodontitis patients and least in subjects with healthy periodontium, while that of chronic periodontitis lying in between. After non-surgical periodontal therapy, IL-29 levels increased both in chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients and deserve further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent in treating periodontitis. Show more
Keywords: Interleukin 29, interferon lambda, chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis
DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-120944
Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 1-7, 2013
Salivary markers of oxidative stress and their relation to periodontal and dental status in children
Authors: Tóthová, L'ubomíra | Celecová, Viera | Celec, Peter
Abstract: Background: Previous studies have shown that salivary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances are related to the periodontal status in adults. Such an analysis has not been done on children yet. The aim of our study was to analyze salivary markers of oxidative stress in relation to periodontal and dental status in children. Methods: The periodontal and dental status of 82 consecutive pediatric dental patients was assessed. The oral hygiene index (OHI), the papillary bleeding index …(PBI) and the caries index (CI) were assessed as clinical parameters. Markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status were measured in whole saliva samples. Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the variability of PBI explains 10.9% of the variance of salivary thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS). Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were related to CI (eta 8.6%). Measures of antioxidant status (total antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing ability of saliva) were partially determined by OHI (13.6% and 7.2%) and PBI (16.9% and 7.9%). Conclusions: Antioxidant status in saliva is related to oral hygiene and periodontal status. Salivary TBARS are a potential sensitive marker of periodontitis in children, similarly to adults, at least on a population level. Salivary AOPP are related to caries. Potential diagnostic value of the analyzed markers should be analyzed in further interventional studies. Show more
Keywords: Salivary TBARS, oxidative stress, saliva, periodontal status, dental caries
DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-00943
Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 9-15, 2013
MTHFR gene C677T mutation and ACE gene I/D polymorphism in Turkish patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: Inanir, Ahmet | Yigit, Serbulent | Tural, Sengul | Cecen, Osman | Yildirim, Eren
Abstract: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disorder resulting in destruction of articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and subchondral bone sclerosis. In recent years, numerous genetic factors have been identified and implicated in osteoarthritis. The aim of the current study was to examine the influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T mutation and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) variations on the risk of osteoarthritis. Genomic DNA is obtained from 421 persons (221 patients with …osteoarthritis and 200 healthy controls). ACE gene I/D polymorphism genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction using I and D allele-specific primers. The MTHFR C677T mutation was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods. We found significant difference between the groups with respect to both ACE and MTHFR genotype distributions (p< 0.001, p< 0.001 respectively). Our study suggests that ACE gene DD genotype and MTHFR gene CC genotype could be used as genetic markers in osteoarthritis in Turkish study populations. Show more
Keywords: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, osteoarthritis
Citation: Disease Markers, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 17-22, 2012
Association between RAS gene polymorphisms (ACE I/D, AGT M235T) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura in a Turkish population
Authors: Nalbantoglu, Sinem | Tabel, Yılmaz | Mir, Sevgi | Serdaroğlu, Erkin | Berdeli, Afig
Abstract: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a small-vessel vasculitis of autoimmune hypersensitivity, and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) regulates vascular homeostasis and inflammation with activation of cytokine release. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between HSP and ACE I/D and AGT M235T polymorphisms. Genotyping was determined by allele specific PCR and PCR-RFLP. We obtained a significant difference in genotype distribution (p=0.003) and allele frequencies (p<0.001) of ACE I/D polymorphism between patients and controls, while no …significant association was detected in genotype distribution (p> 0.05) and allele frequencies (p> 0.05) of the AGT M235T polymorphism. Risk assessment showed significant risk for HSP in the subjects both with the ID + DD genotype (p=0.019, OR: 2.288, 95% CI: 1.136–4.609) and D allele (OR: D vs. I: 2.0528, 95% CI: 1.3632–3.0912, p=0.001) while no significant risk was obtained for HSP in the subjects both with the MT + TT genotype (p=0.312, OR: 1.3905, 95% T vs. M: 1.065, 95% CI: 0.7326–2.6391) and T allele (OR: patients were stratified by the presence of certain systemic complications of HSP, no significant association was detected with ACE I/D, and AGT M235T polymorphisms. Our findings suggest that ACE I/D polymorphism is significantly associated with HSP susceptibility. Show more
Keywords: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), ACE I/D, AGT M235T, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), organ involvements, Genotype-phenotype correlation
Psoriasin: A novel marker linked obesity with psoriasis
Authors: Salama, Ragaa H.M. | Al-Shobaili, Hani A. | Al Robaee, Ahmad A. | Alzolibani, Abdullateef A.
Abstract: To evaluate the role of psoriasin, koebnerisin, interleukn (IL)-12 and IL-23 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and their relations to Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) and obesity. Thirty patients had chronic plaque psoriasis and 30 healthy subjects matched in age and sex were enrolled in this study. Serum from all subjects were used for determination of psoriasin, koebnerisin, IL-12 and IL-23 by ELISA kits. IL-23 and psoriasin were significantly higher in skin psoriasis compared to controls …and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). There was a correlation between psoriasin and both PASI and obesity. On the other hand, IL-12 was significantly increased in PsA compared to skin psoriasis (p=0.000) and controls. Its sensitivity and specificity were 87%, 93%; respectively. To our knowledge, psoriasin is the first biomarker confirm the link between obesity and psoriasis. The risk of developing psoriasis is directly related to higher BMI.} Show more
Keywords: Psoriasis, psoriasin, kobneriasin, IL-12, IL-23, obesity
Maternal SNPs in the p53 pathway: Risk factors for trisomy 21?
Authors: Boquett, Juliano André | Brandalize, Ana Paula Carneiro | Fraga, Lucas Rosa | Schuler-Faccini, Lavínia
Abstract: The p53 family and its regulatory pathway play an important role as regulators of developmental processes, limiting the propagation of aneuploid cells. Its dysfunction or imbalance can lead to pathological abnormalities in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of maternal polymorphisms TP53 c.215G>C (P72R), TP73 4 c.-30G>A and 14 c.-20C>T, MDM2 c.14+309T>G (SNP309), MDM4 c.753+572C>T and USP7 c.2719-234G>A as risk factors for Down Syndrome (DS) birth. A case-control study was conducted …with 263 mothers of DS children and 196 control mothers. The distribution of these genotypic variants was similar between case and control mothers. However, the combined alleles TP53 C and MDM2 G, and P53 C and USP7 A increased the risk of having offspring with DS (OR=1.84 and 1.77; 95% CI; P < 0.007 and 0.018, respectively). These results suggest that, although the individual polymorphisms were not associated with DS birth, the effect of the combined genotypes among TP53, MDM2 and USP7 genes indicates a possible role of TP53 and its regulatory pathway as a risk factor for aneuploidy. Show more
Keywords: Down syndrome, TP53, TP73, MDM2, MDM4, USP7
Common oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk for preterm birth
Authors: Kuessel, Lorenz | Grimm, Christoph | Knöfler, Martin | Haslinger, Peter | Leipold, Heinz | Heinze, Georg | Egarter, Christian | Schmid, Maximilian
Abstract: Oxytocin is crucially involved in the onset and maintenance of labor. We investigated the association between oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms and preterm birth. The presence of four common oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms (rs2254298, rs53576, rs2228485 and rs237911) was evaluated in one hundred women with preterm birth and one hundred healthy women using restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping. No association was found between the presence of any individual oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism and …preterm birth. In haplotype analysis, the haplotype combination of rs2254298 A allele, rs2228485 C allele and rs237911 G allele was found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (OR=3.2 [CI 1.04–9.8], p=0.043). In conclusion our findings suggest that a combination of three oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms is associated with an increased risk for preterm birth. We propose further studies investigating the role of oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms and preterm birth. Show more
Keywords: Pregnancy, oxytocin receptor, single gene polymorphism, preterm birth
The value of combined use of survivin mRNA and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 for bladder cancer detection in voided urine
Authors: Eissa, Sanaa | Badr, Soheir | Elhamid, Shadia Abd | Helmy, Azza Salah | Nour, Mohamed | Esmat, Mohamed
Abstract: Objective: In a trial to improve the diagnostic efficacy of conventional urine cytology we determine survivin RNA and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in urine of bladder cancer cases. Method: Voided urine specimens were collected from patients with histologically confirmed bladder urothelial carcinoma (Group 1; n=46), urological patients without urothelial carcinoma (Group 2; n=20), and healthy volunteers (Group 3; n=20). Urine cytology, survivin RNA was estimated by qualitative nested RT-PCR and MMP-2, MMP-9 …activity were detected by gelatin zymography. The expression of survivin RNA and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in bladder cancer was compared with benign and normal cases. Results: Positivity rates of survivin RNA and MMPs zymography were significantly different among the 3 groups. Urine survivin detection by qualitative nested RT-PCR showed 76.1% sensitivity and 95% specificity. The overall sensitivity, specificity of urinary MMP zymography was 67.3%, 90% respectively. The combined use of urine cytology with urine survivin or MMPs zymography increased sensitivity of urine cytology from 50% to 84.7%. The highest sensitivity (95.6%) was obtained on combining the three markers. Conclusion: Survivin RNA and MMPS zymography can be considered as promising noninvasive markers for bladder cancer early detection. Combined use of the three markers improved the sensitivity for detecting bladder cancer. Show more
Keywords: Survivin, MMPs, RT-PCR
DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2012-0923


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Big K.R.I.T. & J. Cole Prove Substance Is What Truly Makes MCs Great (Audio)
Life is too short to listen to bad music. So…let Ambrosia For Heads fight through it for you and only supply you with that great stuff. Despite the reports, Hip-Hop is alive and well and, in many ways, is better than it's ever been. Not only are we able to... Read more
July 12, 2019 Audio
Erick Sermon, Styles P & AZ Team Up To Save The Rap Game (Audio)
April 28, 2019 Audio
Billy Danze Takes A Classic Rick James Sample & Hammers It
March 11, 2019 Audio
Tommy Boy Has Agreed To Negotiate Better Terms With De La Soul For Their Music
This week, De La Soul publicly revealed that their first six albums are becoming digitally available for the first time in history. Reportedly, the plan was for the catalog to go live today (March 1), part of a 30th-anniversary celebration for the group's highly-acclaimed debut, 3 Feet High And Rising.... Read more
March 1, 2019 News
De La Soul Speak In Detail About What Went Wrong With Their Record Company
This week, the legendary group De La Soul announced to the public that they are currently unhappy with their former record label, Tommy Boy. These revelations came with good news for music fans, as De La's first six albums are reportedly soon to made available to digital retailers and streaming... Read more
February 27, 2019 News, Video
De La Soul Are In A Bitter Negotiation About Their Streaming Rights & Stakes Is High
It has been 30 years since De La Soul released its debut album, 3 Feet High And Rising. That 1989 Prince Paul-produced work has since achieved platinum certification as well as monstrous critical acclaim for its clever rhymes and innovative sampling techniques. In addition to more than a million shelves,... Read more
J. Cole Calls Out Rappers For Faking Their Streaming Numbers On A Savage Verse
In a year that J. Cole dominated, he's not quite done. If KOD, its incredible videos, and a plethora of high-powered guest verses were not enough to set the table, Cole refuses to let 2018 end without at least one more stunner. It comes courtesy of the opening song from... Read more
December 21, 2018 Audio
Joe Budden Had The Biggest Come Up In A Year He Was Supposed To Struggle
It was one year ago this week that Joe Budden exited the show Everyday Struggle. On December 18, 2017, DJ Whoo Kid unceremoniously took Budden's seat on the Complex weekday talk series alongside co-hosts Nadeska Alexis and DJ Akademiks. The guest known best as a G-Unit DJ and radio personality told... Read more
December 17, 2018 Food for Thought
Method Man, Joey Bada$$ & J.I.D. Go Nuts On One Of The Year's Best Collabos
Life is too short to listen to bad music. So…let AFH fight through it for you and only supply you with that great stuff. Despite the reports, Hip-Hop is alive and well and, in many ways, is better than it's ever been. Not only are we able to go back... Read more
November 26, 2018 Audio
Questlove Curates Massive Soundtrack For Michelle Obama's Book Tour. Listen Along.
Michelle Obama released her memoirs titled Becoming last week and now she's embarked on a 10-city tour to support the book. In a style befitting of a former First Lady of the United States, her string of speaking engagements has its own soundtrack titled The Michelle Obama Musiaqualogy. Not only that, but... Read more
Joe Budden & Chance The Rapper Face Off On Whether Chance Is Truly Independent (Audio)
The Joe Budden Podcast typically functions as a talk show among its hosts. However, on the most recent episode (#185), Joe, Rory, Mal, Parks, and company welcome Chance The Rapper to their circle for a lively discussion. One of the most significant points of the discussion was when Joe Budden... Read more
October 8, 2018 Audio, Fresh
Apple Rejects Dr. Dre's Television Show Due To Excessive Violence
Two and a half years ago, Dr. Dre announced plans to tell his life story through a series in partnership with Apple. The show, titled Vital Signs, began pre-production less than three years after Apple's 2014 acquisition of Beats By Dre for a reported $1 billion. In addition to producing, Vital... Read more
September 24, 2018 News, TV, TV/Film
Trippie Red Proves So-Called Mumble Rappers Can Be Lyrical Too (Audio)
August 27, 2018 Audio
Drake's Spotify Scorpion Sting. Are Playlists The New Payola?
Less than one week ago, Drake released his fifth official album, Scorpion. A double-dose signaling Drake's last release in his Young Money/Cash Money contract, the work involves JAY-Z, DJ Premier, Ty Dolla $ign, DJ Paul, and a posthumous vocal appearance from Michael Jackson. In several days, fans will learn if... Read more
July 5, 2018 Food for Thought, News
Now You Can Spot Samples By Diggin'…With An App On Your Phone
Sample Heads and digital crate diggers of the world can formally tip a collective cap to the innovative WhoSampled family today. The website and platform that has become the principal haven for those seeking the original audible ingredients of their beloved songs, as well as an easy-to-use list of song... Read more
Top Dawg & Kendrick Lamar Challenged Spotify's Censorship & Won
Last week, reports began to surface that major names in the music industry were taking Spotify to task for its "hateful conduct policy," which many viewed as a form of censorship. When it was first announced in early May, the policy was unveiled in conjunction with the news that the... Read more
June 1, 2018 Lifestyle, News
Artists Strike Back At Spotify After Its Censorship Policy & The Streaming Service Is Backing Down
After pushback from several artists and powerful music industry insiders, allegedly including Kendrick Lamar and his TDE record label, Spotify has reportedly decided to scale back its policy of punishing artists for personal misconduct, to some degree. The streaming company has reportedly told record-label executives, managers, and artists that it... Read more
May 25, 2018 News
Spotify Has Made A Loud Statement By Muting R. Kelly, But It's A Dangerous Precedent.
R. Kelly is today embroiled in what may prove to be the breaking point in the years-long backlash against him amidst allegations of sexual abuse, harassment, statutory rape and more. Though he's faced legal battles for decades—he was found guilty of battery in 1996, for starters—the award-winning, multi-platinum selling singer... Read more
May 10, 2018 Lifestyle, News
J. Cole Has Broken The Record For Most First Day Album Streams Ever
On Friday (April 20), J. Cole released his fifth solo album, KOD. The Dreamville/Roc Nation release has people talking, from its thematic "4/20" commentary on drug use to its lesson-filled attack on unnamed peers who have criticized the Fayetteville, North Carolina MC/producer. As chart watchers see if J. Cole will... Read more
Jay Rock & Kendrick Lamar Go Off Again In Their Latest Collaboration (Audio)
January 12, 2018 Audio
B-Real & Everlast Reunite On A New Song To Show They Can Still Shake 'Em Up (Audio)
Life is too short to listen to bad music. So…let AFH fight through it for you and only supply you with that great stuff. Despite the reports, Hip-Hop is alive and well and, in many ways, is better than it's ever been. Not only are we able to go back and listen... Read more
December 8, 2017 Audio
The Man Who Guided Nas' Career Has $70 Million To Help Hip-Hop Artists Keep Their Masters
Master recordings are coveted in the music industry. In the 1980s and 1990s, many Hip-Hop artists signed contracts that gave away ownership of master recordings to record labels. With resources, relationships, and infrastructure, they would generate songs that would hopefully turn to hits, and the artist's star would rise. That... Read more
November 15, 2017 News, Video
Scarface Shares A Snippet Of His New Music. It's About To Get Ugly (Video)
Hip-Hop news and culture move fast, and it's easy to miss significant developments. Every week, Ambrosia For Heads takes a look back at the Last 7 days. This video series, hosted by Justin "The Company Man" Hunte examines the current issues with a colorful rundown of the what, where, and why. While the Last... Read more
August 23, 2017 Exclusive, Last 7, Video
Hear How Warren G Saved Def Jam Records (Audio)
Warren Griffin, III is revered as a Hip-Hop underdog. The MC/producer/DJ better known as Warren G came up as the shy half-brother of Dr. Dre. Raised in Long Beach, California Warren is the man many believe is responsible for the introduction of Snoop Dogg. Warren, keeping the music going at... Read more
May 5, 2017 Audio
Black Thought, Logic & Chuck D Unite To Fight The Power In 2017 (Audio)
Life is too short to listen to bad music. So...let us fight through it for you and only supply you with that great stuff. Despite the reports, Hip-Hop is alive and well and, in many ways, is better than it's ever been. Not only are we able to go back... Read more
May 5, 2017 Audio, Playlists
Westside Connection: DJ Quik & MC Eiht Release Their First Ever Collaborations (Audio)
Life is too short to listen to bad music. So...let us fight through it for you and only supply you with that great stuff. Despite the reports, Hip-Hop is alive and well and, in many ways, is better than it's ever been. Not only are we able to go back and... Read more
Kendrick Lamar Reveals Top Dawg Planned To Rob Kendrick's Father Years Ago (Audio)
In the closing hours of April 13, Kendrick Lamar released his DAMN. album. Less than 24 hours old, the MC's latest major label title is clearly another example of rich concept, leaving music fans some unpacking as they listen for the days ahead. Fourteen songs, all of which are one-word,... Read more
This Throwback Playlist Celebrates The Hip-Hop That Is Never Played-Out. (Audio)
What is classic never goes out of style. In its 44th year, Hip-Hop music has plenty of that. There are records in five different decades that Rap music fans keep in rotation, no matter the medium (vinyl, CD, cassette, or digital). For those who are about the flows, beats, and... Read more
January 13, 2017 Audio, Throwback
Jay Z & Dr. Dre Could Be Collaborating In The Biggest Way Yet
Over the last 17 years, Dr. Dre and Jay Z have come together multiple times. From Jay's stellar verse writing on "Still D.R.E." to Dre showering Hov' with an Aftermath beat of a new variety in "Trouble," some of the collaborations have been memorable. However, in the technology space, the... Read more
June 30, 2016 Lifestyle, News
Are Paid Streaming Services Relevant In A YouTube, SoundCloud, DatPiff-Dominated Hip-Hop World?
Some of the biggest Hip-Hop albums of 2015 were released without much advanced notice. In August, Dr. Dre released Compton, his first studio album of the millennium, and the third in an illustrious lineage that includes The Chronic and 2001, just a couple weeks after it was announced. However, at... Read more
October 24, 2015 Food for Thought
Here's A Mix of Familiar & Fresh Songs To Fire Up Your Week (Playlist)
With a long, hot, and ever-exciting summer now transitioning to fall, here is a new playlist of both new and more throwback singles, plus approved album cuts. This mix nods to stand-out tracks from the last year and beyond. This living, breathing playlist keeps building and growing. This time around,... Read more
October 19, 2015 Playlists
This Streaming Music Mix Is A 52 Song Pick-You-Up (Playlist)
Lots of great music has been releasing as of late. Whether YG's G-Funk revival "Twist My Fingers," Lil Dicky and Snoop Dogg's job interview-in-rhyme, or Drake's surgical Meek Mill reply "Back To Back," there is plenty of diversity, tangibility, and value in music in 2015. Artists are steadily moving their... Read more
August 17, 2015 Playlists
The World Is Yours: New Data Shows Hip-Hop is the Most Listened-To Genre Worldwide.
As part of its "Insights" section, one of the world's most popular music-streaming services has released a staggering amount of data which seems to prove that Hip-Hop is the world's most listened-to genre. To reach that conclusion, the company's number-crunchers examined 20 billion of what it calls "listener/track" relationships in... Read more
Kxng Crooked Remakes A 1990s Rock Power-Ballad (Audio)
Slaughterhouse MC Kxng Crooked (a/k/a Crooked I) and Shalé pair up in "I Didn't Mean to Treat You Bad", a single from the recently dropped collaborative effort When Music Worlds Collide. In this experimental jam, producers DJ King Tech (The Wake Up Show) and company create a fresh interpretation of... Read more
Can You Knock The Hustle?… Jay Z Pulls Reasonable Doubt From Spotify, Onto Tidal
Jay Z's 1996 debut Reasonable Doubt is a very special jewel in the artist-turned-mogul's treasure chest. The album that cemented Jay's status as a renowned lyricist has been a touchstone in his career ever since. There were 10th anniversary Radio City Music Hall concerts, a lot of Decoded real estate... Read more
April 6, 2015 News
Kendrick Lamar's Butterfly Soars, Breaking Spotify's Record
The same day that The Beastie Boys' Licensed To Ill is announced as a diamond certification, selling 10 million confirmed copies, Kendrick Lamar reaches a numerically similar benchmark. The Compton, California native's sophomore major label LP, To Pimp A Butterfly has been confirmed to have streamed 9.6 million times in... Read more


text:
Pagórki – wieś w Polsce położona w województwie wielkopolskim, w powiecie konińskim, w gminie Wierzbinek.

Do końca 2015 roku stanowiła część wsi Cegielnia-Rudki.

W latach 1975–1998 miejscowość należała administracyjnie do województwa konińskiego.

Zobacz też: Pagórki

Przypisy

Wierzbinek (gmina)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Reichert v. State ex rel. McCulloch and the Open Door for Increased Pre-Election Substantive Judicial Review
Carina Wilmot, University of Montana School of LawFollow
In Reichert v. State ex rel. McCulloch,1 the Montana Supreme Court addressed the constitutionality of a legislative referendum proposing changes to the qualification and selection of Montana Supreme Court justices. In reviewing the referendum, the Court focused on the threshold issues of ripeness and recusal before addressing its constitutionality.2 Reichert highlights the complexity of ripeness as a threshold question and clarifies when and how the Court conducts pre-election judicial review.
This note focuses only on the procedural holding of ripeness, from which Justice Baker dissented. This note does not analyze judicial recusal or the constitutionality or severability of the referendum provisions in question. The focus of this note is on the analysis of the strengths and limitations of the Reichert opinion, arguing that the Court confuses pre-election judicial review of substantive challenges with pre-election review of procedural and legal sufficiency challenges. The note discusses how the Court treats these three types of review in the same manner and, in so doing, contravenes current statutory requirements. Ultimately, this note proposes a new framework to distinguish between procedural, legal sufficiency, and substantive reviews and when they should occur, which would both clarify the Court's role and enable the Court to follow the current statutes.
Carina Wilmot, Reichert v. State ex rel. McCulloch and the Open Door for Increased Pre-Election Substantive Judicial Review, 74 Mont. L. Rev. 441 (2013).
Election Law Commons


text:
Grillot ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 François Grillot (Architekt) (1793–1868), französischer Architekt
 François Grillot (1955–2021), französischer Jazzmusiker
 Léon Charles Grillot (1827–1898), französischer Architekt
 Jean-Joseph Grillot (1708–1765), französischer Theologe
 Nicolas Grillot (1769–1824), französischer Architekt
 Rémy Grillot (1766–1813), französischer General der Infanterie


Love Letter Review – Smart Gaming Co.
November 14, 2017 August 8, 2018 Joshua S.
Love Letter by Alderac Entertainment Group, is one of the most minimalistic card games I know, with only 16 cards in the deck for all the players to use each round! But, you can get hours of fun with this petit bluffing and deduction game.
In Love Letter, players are trying to win the heart of the Princess of Tempest. They do this by trying to get their love letter to her, while at the same time keeping other players letters away from her, by using the various card abilities on each card.
It takes a little practice to know when to play a guard card, verse a handmaid or other cards. But, after players get the hang of all of the cards different abilities the game can be a great filler game between larger hour long games, because of its short play time. The game is played in a series of rounds, with the final objective being to get your letter to Princess Annette a certain number of times, which is based on the number of players. The game is available widely and at a low cost, making it a great filler or travel size game for most gamers. Love Letter can also be enjoyed by almost anybody since it doesn't require a lot of gaming experience.
If you would like more information on Love Letter, please check out their website.
Next Game Night Movie Coming Soon!


The 2014 OPC Foundation Interoperability Workshop (IOP) for Asia will be hosted again this year at the Time24 Building Tokyo Big Sight. For those of you who attended past workshops, you know the value of testing your applications in a controlled environment with your peers.
For more information about the OPC Interoperability Workshop, Asia, please see the OPC Foundation web site Events page.
Join the OPC Foundation and Microsoft for the Information Revolution 2014 on 05 and 06 August.
The conference will be held at Microsoft's Redmond Campus and will feature experts from across the industry presenting how to jump start your engagement with OPC Unified Architecture.
For more information about the Information Revolution 2014, please see the OPC Foundation web site Events page.
We had 20 attendees representing 11 member companies.
Of the 37 products tested, nine were based on OPC Classic with 28 based on OPC UA.
20 of the products tested were OPC servers and 17 were OPC clients.
IOPs are a "must attend" event for anyone preparing their OPC UA and/or COM-based products for market, or for testing new features/functionality. Attendees can test and debug their applications while running against dozens of other vendor-products in a controlled environment.
The OPC Foundation strongly encourages all vendors to attend at least one IOP workshop to ensure that their product(s) are truly interoperable.
"…product experts are all in the [same] room. I can walk over to them instead of calling Tech Support and going through the layers to get an answer".
That, he said "is a huge time saver"!
For more information about Interoperability Workshops, please contact the Compliance department.
"IT meets Automation" was the motto of this year's OPC Day Europe, which took place on May 14 and 15, 2014 in a wonderful conference environment at Festo company offices in Esslingen, Germany. A total of 190 participants from 16 countries were able to catch up on OPC UA technology as well as its distribution and application.
A pre-conference provided information about the OPC UA technology and its benefits: experts gave presentations on interoperability in data and information exchange that is independent from the manufacturer, operating system and language, in conjunction with integrated security functions and access rights to a wide range of information models.
Read the press release in English here and in German here.
The OPC Foundation participated in The Automation Conference hosted by our media partner, Automation World. Over 120 attendees listened in on the OPC Foundation session as three end-users presented how OPC-UA is used in their organizations.


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Yahya Abdul-Mateen II: There is a 'silver lining' from COVID-19 for the film industry
Yahya Abdul-Mateen II believes that the film industry can find a "silver lining" out of the coronavirus pandemic.
The 34-year-old actor saw production on his upcoming sci-fi sequel, 'The Matrix 4', halted due to COVID-19, but he feels the downtime will lead to better movies in the future as actors and filmmakers will have had an opportunity to review their work.
Yahya said: "I think that this is an industry that does survive by finding the silver lining. I think that it will be the case that this is a time for artists, for creatives, to rejuvenate, to go back and look at footage, to look back at what they already have in the can and say, 'OK, well, this is what we're going to do better.'
"And so I hope that the response will be a lot of quality work coming out in the next year."
Yahya believes that he has been able to maintain a sense of "creative spirit" despite production coming to a halt.
He told CinemaBlend: "I think I've been fortunate enough, with 'The Matrix', that the pause we experienced was not as long of a pause as a lot of the other productions.
"I find myself being fortunate enough to be able to stay in the creative spirit, and to continually be processing it and making work."
Abdul-Mateen II will join returning stars such as Keanu Reeves, Carrie-Anne Moss, Jada Pinkett Smith and Lambert Wilson in the blockbuster - which is being directed by Lana Wachowski - and recently described the script as "intelligent".
He told Collider: "My reaction to the script [was], 'Wow, people are really gonna like this. I like this. People are really gonna like this.'
"It's different and it's the same, you know, at the same time. It's a really, really very intelligent blend of what we want and what we may not know that we want."


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The UK Fiancé(e) visa category is for engaged partners of British citizens or persons with indefinite leave to remain who wish to enter the UK and marry within 6 months of their arrival. An application for a UK Fiancé(e) visa must be made from outside the UK.
What are the requirements for a UK Fiancee visa application?
In order to qualify for a UK Fiancé(e) visa, you will need to satisfy UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) that:
Your partner is British or holds Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UK;
You are both over the age of 18;
You have met in person;
You are both free to marry and are not in a prohibited degree of relationship;
Your relationship is genuine and you intend to live together permanently in the UK;
You intend to marry within six months of your arrival in the UK;
Any previous relationships have broken down permanently;
You will be adequately maintained in the UK without recourse to public funds;
There is adequate accommodation for you and any dependents;
You speak and understand English to the required level.
The exact requirements you will need to satisfy will vary depending on your circumstances. You may want to speak to an immigration lawyer for expert advice.
What are the financial requirements for a UK Fiancee visa?
In order to demonstrate that you can be adequately maintained in the UK without recourse to public funds, you will need to satisfy the Fiancé(e) visa UK financial requirement.
The financial requirement for a UK Fiancé(e) visa application states that you will need to demonstrate that your partner has a gross annual income of at least:
£18,600; plus
£3,800 for a first child (who is not British, settled or an EEA national); plus
£2,400 for each additional child (who is not British, settled or an EEA national).
The Financial Requirement can be met in a number of ways, which include the use of cash savings, income from investments, salaried employment, self-employment and other relevant sources of income. You may be able to combine sources of income to meet the Financial Requirement, however some sources of income cannot be combined. You may want to speak to our immigration lawyers for expert advice.
How long is the processing time for the UK Fiancee Visa?
UK Visa & Immigration (UKVI) aims to process 95% of UK Fiancé(e) visa applications within 12 weeks.
If you require a faster visa processing timeline, most visa application centres outside the UK offer a Settlement Priority Visa Service. This will ensure that your UK Fiancé(e) visa application is placed at the front of the queue at every stage of the decision-making process. The visa processing time for a UK Fiancé(e) visa application submitted via the Settlement Priority Visa Service is normally not more than 30 working days. A well prepared visa application may result in a quicker processing time.
Applications for Fiancé(e) visas can only be made from outside the UK. It is not possible to switch into the Fiancé(e) visa category from within the UK.
How much is the UK Fiancee Visa application fee?
The Home Office application fee for a UK Fiancee visa application submitted outside the UK is currently £1,523. The Home Office application fee to switch into the Spouse category from within the UK or extend stay as a Spouse is currently £1,033.
UK Fiancee Visa validity period and Settlement
If your application for a UK Fiancé(e) visa is successful, your visa will be valid for 6 months initially.
After your wedding has taken place, you will then be eligible to apply to switch into the Spouse category without having to leave the UK.
If your application for further leave to remain in the UK as a Spouse is successful then you will be granted further leave to remain for a period of 30 months. You will need to extend your Spouse leave for a further 30 months before it expires.
After spending 5 years in the UK as the Spouse of a British citizen or settled person, you will be eligible to apply for indefinite leave to remain.
Can I work and study in the UK on a Fiancee Visa
UK Fiancee Visa holders are not permitted to work and study in the UK. After you have converted the UK Fiancee Visa into a Spouse Visa, you will have full right to work and study in the UK.
Making a UK Fiancee Visa application with OneLaw Chambers
At OneLaw Chambers, our immigration solicitors and barristers regularly assist with UK Fiancee Visa applications in order for applicants to relocate to and settle in the UK with their British citizen or settled spouses. We have assisted many foreign national spouses to prepare and submit successful UK Fiancee Visa applications and we have represented clients from all over the world.
Whether you require expert immigration advice on the requirements of the Immigration Rules, an independent immigration assessment of your prospects of qualifying for a UK Fiancee Visa or professional immigration representation with preparing your UK Fiancee Visa immigration application, our immigration solicitors and barristers can help you.
We are committed to ensuring that our immigration solicitors and barristers prepare every immigration visa application with utmost quality and skill so that a successful outcome is achieved every time. Our immigration solicitors and barristers operate in a friendly and cooperative manner to provide our clients with the best client care and service during the entire immigration application process.


text:
Courage to Face Life's Challenges
"Only be strong and very courageous, being careful to do according to all the law which Moses my servant commanded you; turn not from it to the right hand or to the left, that you may have good success wherever you go."
 Joshua 1:7 (RSV)
Normally, you think of war heroes as the ones who have courage. You might think of police officers or fire fighters who died in the Twin Towers on 9/11/2001 as having "courage" in a difficult time. You think of heroes as people with extraordinary courage for a difficult moment. Actually, our faith requires we have the courage to stand up for what is right. It requires us to have courage to do what is right no matter how much our lives or reputation or future are put in jeopardy.
Among Time magazine's persons of the year for 2002 is a trio of whistle-blowers. Sherron Watkins, wrote a letter to the CEO of Enron stating that what he was doing was unethical (the courts agreed). She was fired for writing that letter. With her was Coleen Rowley who pleaded with the F.B.I. to investigate an individual who would turn out to be a key player in the September 11 attacks. Also, there was Coleen Cooper who went to the board at WorldCom to inform them that the company had hidden several million dollars in losses (which the accountants had done illegally). All three women risked their careers, friendships, and private lives to "blow the whistle" on injustice. In an article about these women, Richard Lacayo and Amand Ripley wrote:
"These were people who did right just by doing their jobs rightly—….and with the bravery the rest of us always hope we have and may never know if we do. Their lives may not have been at stake, but Watkins, Rowley, and Cooper put pretty much everything else on the line. Their jobs, their health, their privacy, their sanity—they risked all of them to tell the truth…" even when it hurt.
Now, I don't know if these three women are Christians or not, but they sure act like it. They exhibit great courage in the struggle for justice. Martin Luther King once said, "Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter." If we are silent when wrong things go on around us, what does that say about our God? If we live in fear of what others think of us, and are unwilling to do the right thing because of how it might appear to others, where is our faith? Courage is required of the faithful. It is something we all count on. God even expects you to have it.
In the Bible, after Moses died, Joshua was named to lead the people of Israel. He was to lead them into the promised land, into a blessed new home. However, that new territory held its dangers. The people needed faith and courage to overcome the obstacles. Joshua spoke to the people about going into this foreign land, and about how they were heading into the unknown. Joshua wanted them to have the courage to face the challenges. God said to Joshua, "Be strong and courageous; for you shall put this people in possession of the land that I swore to their ancestors to give them. Only be strong and very courageous, being careful to act in accordance with all the law that my servant Moses commanded you; do not turn from it to the right hand or to the left, so that you may be successful wherever you go." In order to succeed in his journey, Joshua had to be courageous, very courageous. He had to be strong in faith when leading the people. He had to keep the faith, and God would bring him success.
One of the reasons I believe that Christians do not have success in life is that they lack courage. They have faith in God, faith that God is with them, faith enough to pray and study their scriptures, but they lack the courage to follow God when the going gets tough. Courage for Joshua meant that he was going to have to trust that God would watch over all the "what-ifs" as Joshua led the people into the promised land. Courage for you and me means we have to trust that God has told us what to do and that we follow God's leading. We must not be afraid or as the scripture says here… to turn right or left (thus, compromise). We have to follow God straight down the path HE has set before us. We can't waver. We must remain true to God, to our faith, and to our values.
Faith involves courage… the courage to stand up against what is wrong, the courage to be faithful when others are wanting you to do something wrong. Courage is being strong of heart, fighting against the odds to accomplish something right. Do you have courage?
Peter Cartwright, a nineteenth-century circuit-riding Methodist preacher, was an uncompromising man. One Sunday morning when he was to preach, he was told that President Andrew Jackson was in the congregation, and warned not to say anything out of line. When Cartwright stood to preach, he said, "I understand that Andrew Jackson is here today. I have been requested to be guarded in my remarks. Well, I want to begin this morning by saying that Andrew Jackson will go to hell if he doesn't repent."
The congregation was shocked and wondered how the President would respond. After the service, President Jackson shook hands with Peter Cartwright and said, "Sir, if I had a regiment of men like you, I could whip the world." (Leadership, Vol. XII #I Winter, 1991, p. 49) Andrew Jackson recognized courage when he saw it. He realized that Pastor Cartwright had the courage to tell him the truth about God and to say it faithfully no matter what the situation.
Sometimes, we need to look in the mirror and ask ourselves if we have the courage to be faithful in difficult moments. Have you stood for faith when others wanted you to do the wrong thing? When friends pressured you, did you throw out your values and do what was wrong? When you felt in your gut that God wanted you to do something, did you come through, or was it easier just to let it go, walk away, forget about it?
After 9/11, a Survivor was interviewed about what happened at the Twin Towers. People wanted to know why God let this tragedy happen. Her response inspired many They asked her, "Where was God in all of this?" She said….
"God was in the rescue workers who were running into the buildings as most people were running out. God was in the flight attendant who called her husband as her plane was being hijacked to tell him that she loved him. God was in the two men who carried a wheelchair-bound woman down 70 flights of stairs to safety. God was in the people who stood bleeding, but they were in line to give blood. God was in my neighborhood where I saw flags waving from every home. God was with the heroes, most of whom will never be on the news, whose stories will only be told to their closest friends and family; but who saved someone's life with a single act of kindness, compassion and bravery. God was not in the hearts of the people that caused these inhumane events. However, God was indeed there, where he was needed the most. God was in the people who did small and big acts of courage."
When people are courageous, wonderful things happen. Twice in our scripture, God asks Joshua to be courageous. God is also wondering today…Do you have courage; the courage to stand up for what is right; the courage to put your life on the line to save another like did Christ for you? Do you have the guts to be strong even when your body is tired and you are weak? Are you going to have the courage to answer HIS call in the day you are needed. In small and big ways, God continues to find out who has the courage to stand up and be counted, to get the job done, to come through for the needy neighbor, to do the right thing even if nobody knows it but God alone.
God doesn't want wimps in the faith. God doesn't want the lukewarm soul (Revelation 3:15-19). God wants those HE can count on and among them I pray……. I pray…… I pray…. Among the ones God can count on is……… you.


Screensaver as a clock. If you have a connection to the Internet, displays and updated weather forecast for selected cities from GISMeteo.ru, as well as the latest news headlines and pictures to any of the selected RSS feed.
For economy of the traffic in a corporate, domestic or multiroom network use of one of computers is possible as the server for all other computers of a network.


BB's prepares and bakes muffins and baguettes fresh everyday in the store. Espresso based coffee is made to order. Delicious New Zealand Natural is available along with Smoothies, shakes & Chillos.
Address: Mall café, Ballincollig Town Centre, Ballincollig, Co. Cork.


text:
BOOK ABOUT BLACKS AND SPORTS DESERVES A LOOK
By Gregory Kane and National Columnist
It's arguably the most important book written in the past 10 years about American race relations. But it hasn't been discussed nearly as much as it deserves.
The book is Darwin's Athletes. Its nerve-rattling and potentially invidious subtitle is How Sport Has Damaged Black America and Preserved the Myth of Race.
John Hoberman's work contended that blacks have a fixation on sports that helps reinforce the pernicious negative racial stereotype that says blacks are physically endowed but not the sharpest knives in the intellectual drawer. That kind of thinking, Hoberman wrote in the 1997 book, is especially damaging to black youth.
"The sports fixation damages black children by discouraging academic achievement in favor of physical self-expression, which is widely considered a racial trait," Hoberman asserted. "Some educators understand that the self-absorbed style promoted by glamorous black athletes subverts intellectual development. A school for black boys in Chicago has therefore adopted a policy of stylistic abstinence: 'No gum-chewing is allowed. No sagging pants. No sunglasses, biker pants or tank tops. No earrings worn by boys. No designs carved in the hair' -- in short, a complete repudiation of the showy male style flaunted by many black stars. Such policies confront an intense peer pressure that equates academic excellence with effeminacy and racial disloyalty and identifies 'blackness' with physical prowess."
Most black "leaders" steer clear of this topic. When they mention sports at all, it's to chide the National Football League, National Basketball Association and Major League Baseball about the lack of black coaches or managers or front-office personnel. But challenge the notion that blacks' obsession with sports is doing us harm? Heaven forfend.
"The book was discussed widely in 1997," Hoberman said of Darwin's Athletes. Hoberman, a white Germanic languages professor at the University of Texas, Austin, who also teaches a course called "Race and Sports," said his book disturbed some of his black colleagues in the sports-studies field.
"Why?" I asked him during a telephone interview. "Because it's the truth?"
"Remember, you said that, not me," Hoberman answered from his University of Texas office.
What prompted the call to Hoberman is Rick Reilly's Sports Illustrated column in the Feb. 4 edition. Titled "White Like Me," the column was filled with Reilly's white-guy angst.
Black athletes make fun of white guys, Reilly groused. There was former heavyweight champion Mike Tyson, challenging a distinctly Caucasian reporter to fight and calling him a "white so-and-so" in the process. (No, you don't want to know the second word.)
There was Los Angeles Lakers center Shaquille O'Neal talking about "white boys," black NBA star Vince Carter's reference to white NBA star Wally Szczerbiak's race, and Reilly wondering why folks aren't as upset as he is.
Here's a theory: It's not the subject folks don't take seriously. It's a Sports Illustrated writer kvetching about it. This is the same magazine that took years to feature a black model in its swimsuit issue and still more years to put one on the cover.
These are the same geniuses who tried to push a guy named Tony Mandarich, then a fine offensive lineman in college football, as a white hope in boxing. In Sports Illustrated's book about the history of basketball, the editors paid tribute to pro teams from different eras. The Boston Celtics who won 11 of 13 NBA championships with the great black center Bill Russell were, to SI folks, "the Red Auerbach Celtics." (Auerbach was the coach.) The Celtics who won three NBA titles with Larry Bird playing and black K.C. Jones as the coach became "The Larry Bird Celtics."
There are white guys who have legitimate gripes. Reilly, or anyone else at SI, isn't one of them. Or, as Shaq might tell him, "I ain't feelin' ya, son."
Neither is Hoberman.
"Reilly's an entertainer," Hoberman said. "It was a clever column. It was well-written, but it's a generic white guy's column. He couldn't have written it if he had taken into consideration what [columnist Leonard] Pitts points out -- the power differential between blacks and whites."
Years ago, Hoberman noted, Isiah Thomas, then an NBA star with the Detroit Pistons, said that if Bird were black, white sports writers would consider him just another player.
"Those comments," Hoberman contends, "were more important than Shaq ragging on a white guy. Shaq's remark was teasing, a light put-down. Only oversensitive white guys would take it to heart."
The comments Reilly noted were, in Hoberman's view, "permitted verbal compensation for an enormous racial imbalance." But Reilly's greatest disservice may have been to trivialize a topic Hoberman raised so seriously and eloquently in his book. Folks should read it instead.


text:
Q: Actionscript 3 gotoAndStop in a branching storyline I have created a simple gotoAndStop storybook in Flash but it's following branching storyline. The knight entered a castle and there is one gate. Upon entering the gate, he faced 3 more doors and each door, leads to another series of rooms.
However, the end will be the same. It appears to be a simple "gotoAndStop" codes but at the end of the of the story, the knight will earn some sort of price (represented by a frame) depending on which doors he entered. My question is, how will I know which buttons the user clicked so that i can "gotoAndStop" him to a certain frame? The final destination or award frame of user depends on which buttons he clicked.
This is my sample gotoAndStop code that I used in the storybook(similar code I used in all frames, just changing the button instance names, function names and frame labels):
nextbutton1.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, proceedDoor1);
function proceedDoor1 (e:Event){
    gotoAndStop("door1")
}

I am complete novice so please bear with me. Thanks!

A: Here's a little mockup I made (Apologies if it's a bit messy).  It requires 5 empty frames on the timeline starting from 1.
Each door will have a MouseEvent.CLICK event listener that will take you to the desired frame.  In this case, I made each door lead directly to the prize frame.  But you could always make each door lead to another set of doors and then have those doors lead to the prize etc. etc.
Note that the variables are just for creating the buttons, and are not needed.  You can place the click event listener on your own movieclips and achieve the same results. (You'd just need to adjust instance names in the code)
Hope this helps!
Frame1 code:
import flash.display.Sprite;
import flash.text.TextField;
import flash.events.MouseEvent;
import flash.events.Event;

stop();

var rec:Sprite = new Sprite();
rec.graphics.beginFill(0x00FF00, 1);
rec.graphics.drawRect(-50, -50, 100, 100);
addChild(rec);
rec.x=stage.stageWidth/2;
rec.y=stage.stageHeight/2;

var text1:TextField=new TextField();
text1.wordWrap=true;
text1.text="ENTER THE CASTLE";
addChild(text1);
text1.x=rec.x;
text1.y=rec.y;

rec.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,recC);

function recC (e:Event):void{
    //Remove Child not needed if you symbols are placed manually on stage
    removeChild(rec);
    removeChild(text1);
    rec.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,recC)
    nextFrame();
}

Frame2 code:
import flash.display.Sprite;
import flash.text.TextField;
import flash.events.MouseEvent;
import flash.events.Event;

stop();

var rec2: Sprite = new Sprite();
rec2.graphics.beginFill(0x0066CC, 1);
rec2.graphics.drawRect(-50, -50, 100, 100);
addChild(rec2);
rec2.x = stage.stageWidth / 5;
rec2.y = stage.stageHeight / 2;

var rec3: Sprite = new Sprite();
rec3.graphics.beginFill(0x66FF99, 1);
rec3.graphics.drawRect(-50, -50, 100, 100);
addChild(rec3);
rec3.x = stage.stageWidth / 2;
rec3.y = stage.stageHeight / 2;

var rec4: Sprite = new Sprite();
rec4.graphics.beginFill(0xFF3333, 1);
rec4.graphics.drawRect(-50, -50, 100, 100);
addChild(rec4);
rec4.x = stage.stageWidth / 1.2;
rec4.y = stage.stageHeight / 2;

var text2: TextField = new TextField();
addChild(text2);
text2.text = "Pick a Door Knight!";
text2.x = stage.stageWidth / 2;
text2.y = stage.stageHeight / 4;

//Each door has an event listener for a click
//Once clicked, the door will take you to the appropriate ending

rec2.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec2C);

function rec2C(e: Event): void {
    removeChild(rec2);
    removeChild(rec3);
    removeChild(rec4);
    removeChild(text2);
    rec2.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec2C)
    rec3.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec3C)
    rec4.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec4C)
    gotoAndStop(3)//This is the frame for Blue
}

rec3.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec3C);

function rec3C(e: Event): void {
    removeChild(rec2);
    removeChild(rec3);
    removeChild(rec4);
    removeChild(text2);
    rec2.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec2C)
    rec3.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec3C)
    rec4.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec4C)
    gotoAndStop(4)//This is the frame for Green
}

rec4.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec4C);

 function rec4C(e: Event): void {
    removeChild(rec2);
    removeChild(rec3);
    removeChild(rec4);
    removeChild(text2);
    rec2.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec2C)
    rec3.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec3C)
    rec4.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, rec4C)
    gotoAndStop(5)//This is the frame for Red
}

Frame 3 code:
var text3: TextField = new TextField();
addChild(text3);
text3.wordWrap=true;
text3.text = "You won the blue prize!";
text3.x = stage.stageWidth / 2;
text3.y = stage.stageHeight / 2.7;

addChild(rec2);
rec2.x=stage.stageWidth/2;
rec2.y=stage.stageWidth/2;

Frame 4 code:
var text4: TextField = new TextField();
addChild(text4);
text4.wordWrap=true;
text4.text = "You won the green prize!";
text4.x = stage.stageWidth / 2;
text4.y = stage.stageHeight / 2.7;

addChild(rec3);
rec3.x=stage.stageWidth/2;
rec3.y=stage.stageWidth/2;

Frame 5 code:
var text5: TextField = new TextField();
addChild(text5);
text5.wordWrap=true;
text5.text = "You won the red prize!";
text5.x = stage.stageWidth / 2;
text5.y = stage.stageHeight / 2.7;

addChild(rec4);
rec4.x=stage.stageWidth/2;
rec4.y=stage.stageWidth/2;

A: I don't know why you want to use multiple frames this is probably not the best way.
You can use one frame only, add and remove items when the user click on a Button...
If you use multiple frames, you may just use one single click handler and do what you want by checking which Button is clicked in the handler.
If you want to use multiple frames :
On your first frame, you have one button named door_1 (which is an instance of DoorButton)
Let's imagine you have a DoorButton class that extends SimpleButton.
in the DoorButton class you may just add methods to declare "id" and a "targetFrame" properties...
DoorButton class:
package {

import flash.display.SimpleButton;

    public class DoorButton extends SimpleButton {

        private var _id;
        private var _targetFrame;
        public static const FRAME1:String = "frame1";
        public static const FRAME2:String = "frame2";
        public static const FRAME3:String = "frame3";
        public static const FRAME4:String = "frame4";
        public static const FRAME5:String = "frame5";
        // ...
        public function DoorButton(){
            super();
        }
        public function set id(id:uint):void {
            _id = id;
        }
        public function get id():uint {
            return _id;
        }
        public function set targetFrame(target:String):void {
            _targetFrame = target;
        }
        public function get targetFrame():String {
            return _targetFrame;
        }

    }
}

code on frame 1:
import DoorButton;
import flash.events.MouseEvent;

var door1:DoorButton = door_1;
door1.id = 1;
door1.targetFrame = DoorButton.FRAME2;
door1.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,proceed);

function proceed(e:MouseEvent):void{
    var b:DoorButton = e.target as DoorButton;
    switch (b.id){
        case 1 :
            trace("should go in : " + b.targetFrame);
            this.gotoAndStop(2);
            // call some function here
            break;
        case 2 :
            trace("should go in : " + b.targetFrame);
            // call some function here
            break;
        case 3 :
            trace("should go in : " + b.targetFrame);
            // call some function here
            break;
        case 4 :
            trace("should go in : " + b.targetFrame);
            // call some function here
            break;
    }
}
stop()

On your second frame, you have tree instances of DoorButton named:
door_2, door_3, door_4
code on frame 2 :
var door2:DoorButton = door_2;
var door3:DoorButton = door_3;
var door4:DoorButton = door_4;

door2.id = 2;
door2.targetFrame = DoorButton.FRAME3;
door2.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,proceed);

door3.id = 3;
door3.targetFrame = DoorButton.FRAME4;
door3.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,proceed);

door4.id = 4;
door4.targetFrame = DoorButton.FRAME5;
door4.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,proceed);

Then, you may do this for each frame and just call the "proceed" method to do want you want.
But I suggest you to avoid multiple frames anyway..
This is real basic, and you will may add some statements to avoid to reinitialize the Buttons if you plan to come back on the timeline and replay or let the user to change his mind and come back to open another door...
I just hope that may help you.
Try it, then, feel free to ask.
Best regards.

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