text:
Witches of Transgression Working 2017: BORN IN THE FIRE
AN INVITATION TO THE WITCHES OF THE WORLD - PLEASE SHARE WIDELY!
The Divine Spiraling Rainbow Tribe is a Circle within the CAYA Pagan Congregation devoted to exploring and honoring sacred mxgender Mysteries. Our Priestxes embody the experience of identity beyond the gender binary, and celebrate the glittering prism of Divine existence that is Powerful, Delightful, Enthusiastic, Playful, Transformative, Magickal, Compassionate, and Reverent. We invite people of all genders or none, but especially mxgender and non-binary people, to join us in our first year of doing a public, world-wide working to bring a better world into being. By performing this ritual in our own spaces all over the world each Full Moon, we grid the Earth with the energy of the Divine, toward a shared vision of intentional change.
I want to participate. What should I do?
If you would like to join us in this effort, please:
Share this working and its intent with other people you know, or in your own social media, using the hashtag #witchesoftransgression
Follow our blog.
Perform the following ritual at your own altar each Full Moon between now and December 3, 2017. We begin Jan. 12, 2017, but join us whenever you wish.
Ritual Working: Every Full Moon
a red seven day candle
a copy of our ideals
The Working:
Light your candle. If you are not able to get or use a candle safely, please feel free to instead watch this video: https://youtu.be/IrR2u4_8LLg
Gaze into the fire, feel the strength of your own inner flame burning inside you. Envision your inner flame manifesting in the world. Contemplate our ideals and the ways you embody them and act upon them. Do not dwell on the fears and pains of the past. Instead, know that the world we wish to create is already coming into being. When you feel ready, recite the Witches of Transgression prayer:
I whirl at the edge of the universe
Like my Ancxters before me
I am a breaker of chains
My love is unstoppable
Holding the Now to my heart
Embodying the future unfolding
I am a Witch of Transgression
On the last full moon of the year, on Dec. 3, 2017, if you are somewhere it is safe to do so, burn a candle all night.
We welcome binary-identified people to lend us energetic support in this ongoing project, and we thank you for your alliance. We invite you to embody and exemplify our ideals, as we also are doing. Women may join our sisters in the monthly Full Moon Mothers of the New Time prayer, men may join our brothers in the Fathers of Change prayer on the Dark Moon, and families with children are welcome to join in the monthly Dark Moon Children of Promise working.
Honor for elders, respect for their survival strategies, attention to their stories and the complexities of their lived experiences, continual respect for their choices including correct gendering throughout end-of-life care and into death.
Communities connected by love and solidarity that center and amplify the the needs and voices of those who have been oppressed, bringing healing and justice
A world that creates and maintains spaces of creativity, playfulness, and innovation.
Alternatives to the prison industrial complex that better serve the needs of those who have been oppressed
Equitable, accurate and accessible information and education which recognizes the intersectionality of sex, sexuality, gender identity and gender expression
The establishment of public policies and laws which recognize and support the equal rights of all people, regardless of sex, sexuality, gender identity, gender expression, and any other aspects of being and identity.
Reclamation of the natural and sacred roles of mxgender people in their communities and cultures; reclamation of repressed histories, stigmatized words and expressions; recognition that gender diversity is a sign of a healthy and holistic culture and restoration of that vitality to our living communities and societies by co-creating cultures of hospitality and freedom of being and expression.
Respect for the self-determined identities of all people; accurate use of the names, gender identities, titles, and pronouns an individual claims, whether they are new or established; acknowledgement that an individual's identity may change over time or society's understanding of their identity may change; easy correction of medical or legal forms that do not reflect an individual's current identity.
Accessible and appropriate medical care for all people, especially vulnerable populations such as the homeless and incarcerated; medical professionals knowledgeable about the particular health issues of trans, mxgender, and intersex people; medical forms that allow a person to indicate their sex, gender, and pronouns, and allow for these to change over time; an end to restrictive requirements for changing gender or sex.
Honor for children; an end to unnecessary medical intervention in the bodies of intersex infants and youth; respect for the clothing, toy, activity, friendship and other preferences of children without regard to gender norms; an end to gender assignment before an individual is able to inform others of their identity; resistance to the systematic oppression that threatens children who in some way transgress gender
Honor for our trancestors and ancsxtors; respect for the various ways their identities have been expressed over the millennia; honor for the unique cultural and spiritual roles they played; honor for individuals that played important roles; acknowledgement of the hardships they faced; reverence for our named and unnamed transcestors and ansxtors.
We are all forms of identity intersection in body, mind and spirit.
We resist, refuse and reject unkind, unnecessary, and unnatural attempts to control or conform our inherent sense of selfhood.
From the gleams in the eyes of the parents to the legends after we die, we call for an openness and loving curiosity about gender, sex, ability, spirituality, and all aspects of unique, individual selfhood.
We invite all to respect the unknown without labeling it and honor that which has been self-identified.
Feel free to add any of your own ideals here.


text:
Q: JQuery Live Search in codeigniter I want to make live search using codeigniter and jquery and mysql
but when i type something the result's not showing
here is my model code :
<?php
class artikel_model extends CI_Model {
    function __construct()
    {
        // Call the Model constructor
        parent::__construct();
    }

    function cari_artikel($q)
    {
        $this->db->select('judul,contain');
        $this->db->like('judul', $q);
        $this->db->or_like('contain', $q);
        $query = $this->db->get('artikel');
        return $query->result_array();
    }
}
?>

and here is my controller code:
<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');

class Welcome extends CI_Controller {

    public function __construct()
    {
        parent::__construct();
        $this->load->model('artikel_model');
    }

    public function index()
    {
        if(isset($_GET['q']) && $_GET['q']){
            $q = $this->input->get('q');
            $this->data['data']=$this->artikel_model->cari_artikel($q);
        }
        else{
            $this->data['data']=array_fill_keys(array('judul', 'contain'), NULL);
        }
        $this->data['body']='dashboard';
        $this->load->view('welcome_message',$this->data);
    }
}

/* End of file welcome.php */
/* Location: ./application/controllers/welcome.php */

this is my view code
<?php $this->load->helper('html');?>

            <form class="form-inline" name="form1" method="get" action="">
                Search : <input type="text" class=span5 name="q" id="q"/>    <input id="mySubmit" type="submit" value="Go" class="hidden" />
            </form>

<?php echo br(15); ?>

<?php
foreach($data as $row){ ?>

<?php echo $row['judul']; ?>

<?php } ?>

The live search is not working.
when i type something the output just "loading..."
and the result is not showing..
If i press enter, the result will show. but that is just the usual searching method. Not live searching.

A: Make a new function say "live_search" that will only return the result with the ajax search and not the "index" function. This new function will return the result with the HTML markup.
    public function live_search(){
    if($this->input->post(null)){
       //put your search code here and just "echo" it out
    }
    }
    $.ajax({
            url:'http://localhost/domain/controller/live_search',
            type : 'POST',
            data : { 'q' : escape($("#q").val()) },
            success: function (data){
                $("#result").html(data);
                allow = true;
            }
        });

Hope it helps you.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Our weekend away in Montana celebrating this amazing couple [childhood bestie] was truly a sight to see. The pictures don't do justice. For those who know Alex, know this wedding was exactly her style. Not only was everything about the wedding stunning but they personalized it and did a lot of it themselves.
The arch for the ceremony + cutest signs around the ranch + Alex's mom made the ceiling pieces in the tent by hand + the best Casey "branding" throughout the wedding.
CHEERS to Mr. + Mrs. Casey!!


text:
Stronghold 2
Try to appeal to Firefly to give us AI in multiplayer?
By EaglePrince, March 20, 2016 in Stronghold 2
EaglePrince 223
Knez
Hi, what do you think about this idea? This is something almost all of us would want us to have! Stronghold 2 is the best game when we want to enjoy running our castles, and for that reason many of those who choose Stronghold 2 over Stronghold Crusader may not like competitive multiplayer games. Because of that when many of us, when they are about to play Stronghold 2 with their friends, want to play together against AI lords instead of playing against each other.
Even if those AI lords would attack only one human player it would be enough for us to have fun, because right now if we want to play a game like this we can only start a game as enemies and fight against outlaws which is that challenging - one can easily kill them once he is able to train archers and spearmen.
So, what do you think, would this be worth to try? I realize most of us don't believe they would come back to this game for this, but I don't think it would be to much work (for them) to do. There could be some limitations, but even with them it would mean us a lot. Just look at this forum or at Stronghold Heaven, I'd say that people come often to ask about Stronghold 2 AI Managed which unfortunately works only with 1.3.1 version, and I am sure that there are even more people out there who would love this, but which haven't spoken about this on a forum.
AI lords in multiplayer
few more kingmaker mods such as: no rates, no gong, no crime...*
kingmaker mod without honor*
auto-buy and auto-sell options
better looking moats
ability to save game in multiplayer
enable using custom shields in multiplayer games (so I wouldn't be the only one who would see my custom shields and banners)**
making scripted events from singleplayer also possible in multiplayer***
*I like the concept of honor in Stronghold 2 (and Stronghold 3 as well, though I prefer the one in Stronghold 2), and I also like this part with dealing with hygiene and crime in the castle, but it drives away some players who want to play "a classic Stronghold", so having two checkboxes "no crime, rats and gond" and "no honor" would be appreciated by many Stronghold players.
**Also, they could make the thing with crests somewhat different - for example, I can choose a shield which would be mine, and depending of what my color in the multiplayer game is, the color would change, meaning if I choose the red dragon on white shield, if I get to be the green player, I would have a green dragon on white shield. The game would just pick one of those eight shields. This would work perfectly with all those crests made by Firefly, while if one wants to use his custom crest in multiplayer he would need to make eight crests for each of eight colors, and one doesn't do it that way, the game would choose the default green shield for him if he is about to be the green player.
***This may (or may not) be more difficult to implement. But it would finally allow us to make multiplayer scenarios, like we can do in Crusader 2. And it would be even better, since the scripting of SH2 works much better than in Crusader 2. But it would open up a new way of gaming for us.
Edited March 23, 2016 by EaglePrince
Stronghold Crusader faces and shields
Stronghold Europe website
I am writing here as this is related to Stronghold 2, and after what I was told here.
If they don't work on Crusader 2, maybe they could have a look into Stronghold 2. Many games have their HD versions and things like that released years after the original game release. In this case we miss:
-AI lords in multiplayer (it doesn't matter to me if they don't attack all players, or things like that, it's just that it would be interesting to have fight with your friend against six Williams for example).
-they could add few more kingmaker mods such as: no rates, no gong, no crime... which is of the things that drove away many potential players of the game. I like those things, but I think that Firefly could benefit from that.
-they could also add a mod without honor. In Crusader 2 they just took this logic: "simpler it is, more players will like it". To some extent I believe that this is why more people play Crusader. When they see gong in Stronghold 2 they just say "what the heck is this". smile
-they could add auto-buy and auto-sell options like in Stronghold Legends
-they could make moats better looking - they way they look in Stronghold Legends at least. They have the experience from SHL, it should be easier for them those accomplish those two.
-another thing they could give us is ability to save game in multiplayer, or maybe to have autosave as well. I believe this could be done easily - the one who hosts would make a save of the game on his machine, and when they want to continue they just come back, and all players need to remember who was player 1, who was player 2, etc... And when they are in their places the host just loads the game, and they can finish what they started. I say this as I realize that in Stronghold 2 everything is on the hosts PC (or something like that).
-maybe they could even enable using custom shields in multiplayer games, so I wouldn't be the only one who would see my custom shields and banners.
And one more thing. Now, years after the original release, we have seen how great Stronghold 2 maps can be, and now there are tons of maps and scenarios downloadable from here and from Stronghold Heaven. So - there are tons of maps, while the original release had few of them, and none of them is as good as The Chokepoint Island made by Tokamaps for example. There are lots of great maps, so:
-the gameplay of Stronghold 2 is way better than the one is Stronghold 2 and Crusader 2, while with those suggestions I had it would be better in anyone's opinion. I mean, come on, Crusader 2 doesn't even have laddermen (correct me if I'm wrong, that is if I missed that they added those guys in a patch)... sad
-they already have this game, so only some small additional work would be needed to accomplish this.
-the graphics in the game is really good, in my opinion it's not that much behind those newer games. Plus, like I said, there are many awesome maps out there, so with those they could show to people that Stronghold 2 maps are not just "huge green plains like a carpet" - they have a great map editor by which stunning landscapes can be done.
Sorry for making it too long maybe, I hope you will read this. smile I just think that they could give us those things that we miss in Stronghold 2 really easily, and if you're asking me, I would pay a DLC that would bring us those things. smile
Just look at Rise of Nations: Extended Edition, that is basically the same game with few details added, better water reflection and stuff like that, while this what I wrote about would be completely extended edition which would fit every Stronghold fan! smile
Lord_Chris 241
Lord Commander
I've sent an email off to Marta, one of the PR officers at Firefly I'm in touch with. I'll let you know if there are any plans to add any more features or bug fixes to Stronghold 2 or Legends.
The fields have eyes, and the woods have ears.
— Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales: The Knight's Tale
Stronghold Legends Trails & Walkthroughs
Scripting Invasions & Using Invasion Markers
Extracting Audio Assets from Stronghold 3
Locking/Unlocking Stronghold Crusader 2 Maps
Thanks, Chris! :) I am sure that if I asked this on various forums that we could collect lots of players who would like to see these things, but I should only add that for this we shouldn't try seeking for people only at Stronghold 2 forums, but in other forums as well. In my opinion, after Stronghold 2 and Stronghold 3 they have noticed that many like playing Stronghold with simpler economy, so they could bring a mod with simpler economy for those players.
Besides this, all those additional options I have would be really great for most of players: multiplayer with AI lords, stuff that they introduced in Stronghold Legends (which as far as I know uses the same engine as Stronghold 2) such as auto-buy and auto-sell options, better looking moats like in Stronghold Legends, ability to save a multiplayer game, and using custom crests in multiplayer.
Also, they could make the thing with crests somewhat different - for example, I can choose a shield which would be mine, and depending of what my color in the multiplayer game is, the color would change, meaning if I choose the red dragon on white shield, if I get to be the green player, I would have a green dragon on white shield. The game would just pick one of those eight shields. This would work perfectly with all those crests made by Firefly, while if one wants to use his custom crest in multiplayer he would need to make eight crests for each of eight colors, and one doesn't do it that way, the game would choose the default green shield for him if he is about to be the green player.
All those things are something that were people asking for a long time, it would be great to see those. :)
I hope they would make this possible.
Also, if we were able to play multiplayer game with AI lords, maybe we could have multiplayer scenarios, but that may be going too far for now. :)
This would be great because many players have never actually given a chance to Stronghold 2 because of rats, gong and crime. I like this concept, and it doesn't actually make the game any harder, but unfortunately that is the case with many players. If those players learned the game better they would have different opinion about it. And, once again - there are many awesome maps which make the game way more beautiful.
I've received a reply from Marta. She said that Firefly might be adding more fixes and/or features to Stronghold 2 or Legends in the coming months.
Thanks Chris! That sounds really great!:) I hope they would implement at least some of those things.
If someone else have some ideas about what could be added in Stronghold 2 or Stronghold Legends, me could say it here. Hopefully they will listen.
This is really good news. Well, it may or may not happen, but at least it is not a clear "No, we are done with it".
There are 2 things which come to my mind immediately (one is more and one less realistic).
1. Saving game in multiplayer. That would be really great to allow long and epic battles and should not be too hard to implement.
2. Making scripted events from singleplayer also possible in multiplayer. This may (or may not) be more difficult to implement. But it would finally allow us to make multiplayer scenarios, like we can do in Crusader 2. And it would be even better, since the scripting of SH2 works much better than in Crusader 2. But it would open up a new way of gaming for us.
Edited March 23, 2016 by Nigel
I was thinking about both of your ideas here, and yes, that would be really great! Only I wasn't writing the second one, but I will write down in the first post here concisely what are all the ideas we got.
Maybe we could do an "Official Stronghold 2 suggestions" topic which I'll make sticky. It could prove very useful to all of us, and give us a proper place to discuss ideas.
I agree with that. We could rename this tread, or you could create a new one, and I would just repeat what I said here in shorth - together with Nigels suggestions.
Done: http://forums.stronghold-nation.com/topic/727-official-stronghold-2-suggestions-list/ :)
Thanks, Chris. :)
Multiplayer Ai Fix
A couple of weeks ago I decided to start looking how AI can be enabled for Stronghold 2 multiplayer. I know there are some tools that works for the older versions before the Steam Edition, but I quite like the higher resolution support of the Steam Edition so I decided to figure it out. It took me quite some time to first of all learn how to analyze the game memory as it was running, and then find what I was looking for. There is a specific 1 byte variable in the game memory, this variable is al
July 27, 2022 in Stronghold 2
Stronghold 1 Multiplayer Discord Server
Hello, this is a message for anyone interested with Stronghold HD(Not Crusader) multiplayer scene specifically.We are a group of passionate Stronghold players each of us having likely sinked over 10 thousands of hours into playing the old game, and have mastered almost every inch of it, be that economics or arts of warfare. Some of us came back from the past days from the early times of this game's youth, there where it all began, on Gamespy Arcade having great legacy to this day, and others bec
August 26, 2020 in Stronghold 1
AI in Multiplayer-solution for non-steam version - tested with v1.4.1
AI in multiplayer - if you're still looking for "Stronghold 2 Manager"... For those of you that want AI back in the multiplayer so you can do co-op and can't find a solution, read on. The AI in multiplayer was removed from the non-steam version some time ago via a patch I believe. There was a solution using so-called "Stronghold2 Manager" some time back but that always showed up having viral content and was hard to find (and you had to trust...). I found this source code (Mod edit: link removed)
May 30, 2020 in Stronghold 2
Firefly Studios Discord - Chance to win access to Warlords Alpha!
Greetings, all! Getting started... Firefly has an official Discord with an ongoing metagame designed to allow all?members of the winning team alpha access to Stronghold: Warlords. To participate, first download and create your account with Discord. You can find a link to that here -?https://discordapp.com/ Next, join the Official Stronghold discord via this invite (this will automatically launch the Discord app for you) -?https://discord.gg/k5452MZ Now, join one of the three teams. To do s
November 22, 2019 in Stronghold Warlords

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Synthesis of Imine from the Reaction of (R)-2-((piperidin-1-yl) methyl) cyclohexanone with benzylamine in Different Temperature Conditions by DFT method
Document Type : Research Paper
Masoumeh Jafari
Department of Chemistry, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-rey Branch, Islamic Azad University
In this article, synthesis of the synthesis of Imine: phenyl-N-((R)-2-((piperidine-1-yl) methyl)cyclohexylidene)methanamine from the reaction of (R)-2-((piperidin-1-yl) methyl) cyclohexanone with benzylamine in different conditions of temperature, with density functional theory method were studied. For this purpose, at first the material contained in the both sides of reaction were geometrically optimized, then the calculation of the thermodynamic parameters performed on all of them. The amount of ∆H, ∆S and ∆G of this reaction at different temperatures in form of sum of parameters discrepancy in the products than reactants is obtained. And finally, the best temperature for the synthesis of explosive according to the obtained thermodynamic parameters were evaluated.
Imine
(R)-2-((piperidin-1-yl) methyl) cyclohexanone
Benzylamine
[1] J. M. Seminario, Recent Developments and Applications of Modern DensityFunctional Theory, Vol. 4, Elsevier.
[2] V. Arjunana, I. Saravananb, C. V. Mythilic, M. Kalaivania, S. Mohand, Spectrochimica Acta Part A, 92, 1 (2012).
[3] R. G. Pearson, J. Org. Chem. , 54, 1430 (1989).
[4] R. G. Parr, R. G. Pearson, J. Am. Chem.Soc. , 105, 7512 (1983).
[5] P. Geerlings, F. D. Proft, W. Langenaeker,Chem. Rev. , 103, 1793 (2003).
[6] R. G. Parr, L. Szentp لly, S. Liu, J. Am.Chem. Soc. , 121, 1922 (1999).
[7] R. G. Parr, W. Yang, Density functional Theory of Atoms and Molecules, Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York (1989).
[8] C. Wu , L. Shen , Y. C. Zhang , Q. Huang., Mater. Lett., 66, 83 (2012).
[9] L. Wang, Q. Hu, Z. Li, J. Guo, Y.Li.,Mater.Lett., 79, 277 (2012).
[10] W. Liu, M. Wanga, C. Xu, S. Chen, X. Fu.,Mater. Res. Bull., 48, 106 (2013).
[11] R. Wanga, J. H. Xina, Y. Yang, H. Liuc, L. Xuc, J.Hud., Appl. Surf. Sci., 227, 8192
PDF 834.6 K
Jafari, M. (2018). The Synthesis of Imine from the Reaction of (R)-2-((piperidin-1-yl) methyl) cyclohexanone with benzylamine in Different Temperature Conditions by DFT method. International Journal of New Chemistry, 5(2), 56-64. doi: 10.22034/ijnc.2018.32723
Masoumeh Jafari. "The Synthesis of Imine from the Reaction of (R)-2-((piperidin-1-yl) methyl) cyclohexanone with benzylamine in Different Temperature Conditions by DFT method". International Journal of New Chemistry, 5, 2, 2018, 56-64. doi: 10.22034/ijnc.2018.32723
Jafari, M. (2018). 'The Synthesis of Imine from the Reaction of (R)-2-((piperidin-1-yl) methyl) cyclohexanone with benzylamine in Different Temperature Conditions by DFT method', International Journal of New Chemistry, 5(2), pp. 56-64. doi: 10.22034/ijnc.2018.32723
Jafari, M. The Synthesis of Imine from the Reaction of (R)-2-((piperidin-1-yl) methyl) cyclohexanone with benzylamine in Different Temperature Conditions by DFT method. International Journal of New Chemistry, 2018; 5(2): 56-64. doi: 10.22034/ijnc.2018.32723


text:
Q: Error only occurs after publishing: "Unable to connect to any of the specified MySQL hosts." During development the program runs fine, but once published I noticed my elements weren't populating properly. I thought at first it was a problem with the update panels, but someone told me to use Firebug, and this is the error I see being thrown.
Again:
"Unable to connect to any of the specified MySQL hosts."
My code(This part is from the web.config):
    <connectionStrings>
    <add name="MySQLConnection"    connectionString="[myServer];[myDatabase];UID= [myID];PWD=[myPassword];"
    providerName="MySql.Data.SqlClient" />
    </connectionStrings>

In C#, I call the connection string thusly:
    string connstring = System.Web.Configuration.WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MySQLConnection"].ConnectionString;
    MySqlConnection myConnection = new MySqlConnection(connstring);

Any input on why this isn't working, or why it works in development and not once published, would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks.
EDIT: New information
Oh my god, this is maddening.
So my program had a second web.config file, and I had previously put a connection string in that one with incorrect data. When the program ran that's what it was trying to use, and that's why it wasn't working. Or so I thought.
I found this out, of course, after thinking it was the same file, and simply trying to update it. Finally I removed the connection string from the old file altogether, and what do you know, I now know that it's using the proper connection string.
Hoo-ray for me, right? Nope.
I now know that it is using the correct connection string, and yet it is still somehow not working.
That being said, I added some better troubleshooting in, so now I have this:
    MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlException (0x80004005): Unable to connect to any of the             specified MySQL hosts. ---> System.Security.SecurityException: Request for the permission             of type 'System.Net.SocketPermission, System, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,             PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089' failed.
    at System.Security.CodeAccessSecurityEngine.Check(Obj ect demand, StackCrawlMark&             stackMark, Boolean isPermSet)
    at System.Security.CodeAccessSecurityEngine.Check(Cod eAccessPermission cap,             StackCrawlMark& stackMark)
    at System.Security.CodeAccessPermission.Demand()
    at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.CheckCacheRemote(EndPoin t& remoteEP, Boolean         isOverwrite)
    at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.BeginConnectEx(EndPoint remoteEP, Boolean flowContext,             AsyncCallback callback, Object state)
    at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.BeginConnect(EndPoint remoteEP, AsyncCallback         callback,     Object state)
    at MySql.Data.Common.StreamCreator.CreateSocketStream (IPAddress ip, Boolean unix)
    at MySql.Data.Common.StreamCreator.GetStream(UInt32 timeout)
    at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.NativeDriver.Open()
    The action that failed was:
    Demand
    The type of the first permission that failed was:
    System.Net.SocketPermission
    The Zone of the assembly that failed was:
    MyComputer
    at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.NativeDriver.Open()
    at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.Driver.Create(MySqlConnecti onStringBuilder settings)
    at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlPool.GetPooledConnecti on()
    at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlPool.TryToGetDriver()
    at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlPool.GetConnection()
    at MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlConnection.Open()
    at WordsOfPower.testing.update_words() in C:\Users\AJ\documents\visual studio         2010\Projects\WordsOfPower\WordsOfPower\WordsOfPow er.aspx.cs:line 39

Final Edit: I updated my web.config to use full trust.
http://support.winhost.com/KB/a657/changing-the-default-aspnet-trust-level.aspx

A: Make sure the connection string in the web.config file is correct
<add name="STRING_CONNECTION" connectionString="Server=[SERVER];Database=[DATA BASE NAME];Uid=[USER];Pwd=[PASSWORD];" providerName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient"/>

A: That is a trust issue.
See http://www.marthijnvandenheuvel.com/2011/04/14/fix-net-4-socketpermission-for-mysql-driver-in-medium-trust/


text:
Quick Answer: At What Week Can You Tell If Your Baby Has Down Syndrome?
Does folic acid prevent Down syndrome?
Should I test for Down syndrome while pregnant?
What race is Down syndrome most common in?
Are there signs of Down syndrome in pregnancy?
Can you see Down syndrome on 20 week ultrasound?
Can Down syndrome go undetected?
What are babies with Down syndrome like?
What is considered high risk for Down syndrome?
What are the odds of having a baby with Down syndrome?
What is the lowest risk of Down syndrome?
How often is Down syndrome missed?
Do Down syndrome babies deliver early?
Does high hCG mean girl?
How soon can you tell if your baby has Down syndrome?
Can you tell if a baby has Down syndrome in an ultrasound?
What makes you high risk for Down's syndrome baby?
Do doctors know right away if baby has Down syndrome?
Can you have Down syndrome and look normal?
April 17, 2003 — Taking folic acid supplements before and during early pregnancy may not only help prevent neural tube defects in babies, but it may also reduce the risk of Down syndrome..
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that all pregnant women, regardless of age, be offered the opportunity to have a screening test for Down syndrome before 20 weeks of pregnancy. Screening tests for Down syndrome are voluntary.
Babies of every race can have Down syndrome In the United States, however, black or African American infants with Down syndrome have a lower chance of surviving beyond their first year of life compared with white infants with the condition, according to the CDC.
Though the likelihood of carrying a baby with Down syndrome can be estimated by screening during pregnancy, you won't experience any symptoms of carrying a child with Down syndrome. At birth, babies with Down syndrome usually have certain characteristic signs, including: flat facial features. small head and ears.
A Detailed Anomaly Scan done at 20 weeks can only detect 50% of Down Syndrome cases. First Trimester Screening, using bloods and Nuchal Translucency measurement, done between 10-14 weeks, can detect 94% of cases and Non-invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) from 9 weeks can detect 99% of Down Syndrome cases.
Mosaic Down syndrome is quite often undiagnosed and the average age for this diagnosis is 1-4 yrs. We hope that with this episode many more will get diagnosed to help with not only developmental delays, but more importantly the health risks associated with mosaic Down syndrome."
Path to improved development. In many important ways, children who have Down syndrome are very much like other children. They have the same moods and emotions, they like to learn new things, play, and enjoy life. You can help your child develop by providing as many chances as possible for him or her to do these things.
Patients are more likely to have a baby with Down syndrome or another chromosome abnormality when they are age 35 or older, or if they have already had a child with such an abnormality. These patients are considered "high-risk" and have additional testing options.
The chance of having a child with Down syndrome increases over time. The risk is about 1 in 1,250 for a woman who conceives at age 25. It increases to about 1 in 100 for a woman who conceives at age 40. The risks may be higher.
This means that if your screening test results show a risk of between 1 in 2 to 1 in 150 that the baby has Down's syndrome, this is classified as a higher risk result. If the results show a risk of 1 in 151 or more, this is classified as a lower risk result.
About one in every 20 women screened will be in this group. Most women with screen-positive results do not have a pregnancy with Down syndrome. For example, of about 50 women with screen-positive results for Down syndrome, only one would have an affected pregnancy.
How does Down syndrome affect the body? Babies with Down syndrome are more likely to be born prematurely. Their birth weight and length may be below average. Babies with Down syndrome are also more likely to have low muscle tone leading to floppiness (hypotonia).
Hormone differences for baby boys and girls Studies have shown hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin, the hormone responsible for the second line appearing on a home pregnancy test) is higher for female fetuses compared with males, and remains higher throughout pregnancy.
Diagnostic tests that can identify Down syndrome include: Chorionic villus sampling (CVS). In CVS, cells are taken from the placenta and used to analyze the fetal chromosomes. This test is typically performed in the first trimester, between 10 and 13 weeks of pregnancy.
An ultrasound can detect fluid at the back of a fetus's neck, which sometimes indicates Down syndrome. The ultrasound test is called measurement of nuchal translucency. During the first trimester, this combined method results in more effective or comparable detection rates than methods used during the second trimester.
Risk factors include: Advancing maternal age. A woman's chances of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome increase with age because older eggs have a greater risk of improper chromosome division. A woman's risk of conceiving a child with Down syndrome increases after 35 years of age.
Down syndrome is usually diagnosed during pregnancy. If Down syndrome is not diagnosed during pregnancy, health care providers can usually diagnose Down syndrome based on the infant's appearance. In such cases, the diagnosis should be confirmed using a blood test that examines the child's chromosomes (karyotype).
' Down syndrome is also referred to as Trisomy 21. This extra copy changes how the baby's body and brain develop, which can cause both mental and physical challenges for the baby. Even though people with Down syndrome might act and look similar, each person has different abilities.
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Views of Hart's Cove, Chitwood Falls, and the Pacific Ocean. Also a great spot to whale watch during migrations and for wildflowers in the summer.
Trail is closed Jan 1 - Jul 15 for wildlife conservation.
Be advised that if you bring dogs or children there are extremely steep cliffs surrounding the meadow.
Hart's Cove, like so many other hikes in Oregon, was on my Must-Do list when we moved out to the PNW. After learning about Chitwood Falls, a waterfall that falls straight into the ocean in the cove, I had to go. We set out on an absolutely beautiful fall day with temperatures hovering in the mid 50's and sunny skies. We arrived to the trailhead around 1:00pm to begin our hike down to the coast. AllTrails says the hike is 5.3 miles & 1,079 feet in elevation gain, but I think that only accounts for the hike to the top of the meadow. After emerging from the forest, you'll arrive at the top of the meadow which provides impressive views of the Pacific Ocean, however, you have to hike down to the base of the meadow to see Hart's Cove and Chitwood Falls. The hill is steep, and is definitely a climb back up, but it's worth it to go the extra distance to see the cove.
Directions: from the parking area, start down the trail by the big wooden kiosk. You will hike down six switchbacks before the trail begins to level out. You don't need to worry about any trail intersections, as this trail goes directly to your destination. When you emerge from the forest at the top of the meadow you can stop here, but you cannot see Hart's Cove unless you hike down to the base of the meadow. There are multiple overlooks for Hart's Cove but there is only one where you can see the waterfall. While in the meadow, there is a small path down to the base of a few trees (you'll know what I'm talking about when you see it) hike down a couple feet and voila! you will be there.


R-CALF posted another loss against the Canadian beef industry. In April, U.S. District Court Judge Richard Cebull, denied a permanent injunction against imports of Canadian live cattle and beef. The case had been pending before Cebull since July 2005.
R-CALF can appeal the decision to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, but that court reversed the preliminary injunction ordered by Cebull that temporarily halted the border re-opening to Canadian live cattle imports last year. The Ninth Circuit also denied R-CALF's request for a rehearing of that reversal.


& helping individuals gain independence in their homes.
For some of our neighbors, the word "home" does not mean a sense of security and safety. Rebuilding Together and thousands of volunteers nationwide are changing this reality by repairing homes, revitalizing communities and rebuilding lives. We're supporting their work to ensure safe homes and communities for everyone. Join our giving campaign this National Rebuilding Month and make a difference in the life of someone in need.


As part of GP retention efforts, NHS England, RCGP and the BMA have developed a GP Career Support Pack that sets out support available at different stages of a GP's career (e.g. first five, mid-career, nearing retirement, taking a career break and / or needing extra support). The pack is intended to signpost GPs to support available throughout their career with a view to supporting their career and life choices.
NHS England liaised with the Responsible Officer network in preparing this material, which is also being made available to GP appraisers. GPs are encouraged to liaise with their responsible officer team usually via the appraisal lead to obtain further advice and support on the initiatives and schemes set out in the pack.
Any questions on the GP Career Support Pack can be directed to england.primarycareworkforce@nhs.net .


Below are additional research and resources that we have compiled for individuals with disabilities, their families and caregivers, service providers, advocates, and anyone interested in learning more about the disability community.
Additional resources also can be found on our Arts, Disability, and Learning page. Also be sure to check out our 2014-15 campaign, disability is not a four-letter word.
by Paul K. Longmore and Lauri Umansky, 2001.


What are the New Mexico Music Awards?
Where can I get entry forms?
When are the deadlines for entering?
What if there is a problem with my entry?
Can I perform at the awards banquet?
Can I be become part of the judging?
Can I advertise with the NMMA?
Are there other ways I can become involved?
The New Mexico Music Awards are an annual competition for original productions recorded and mixed primarily in New Mexico between January 1st and December 31st of the previous calendar year. An awards banquet is held in the spring where awards for each category are presented in a Grammy style ceremony. Live music and featured guests are always featured attractions.
Be sure to review the categories and read the entry rules before filling out the electronic or mail in entry form. If using the e-form and submitting your entries electronically, make sure that the form is filled out correctly and that the audio files have been uploaded successfully. Payment is made once the form is completed. If using the mail in form, make sure that you have attached the coupon to your recording. For mail in entries, a copy of your entry must be submitted on CD/DVD with full payment by check or money order and by the entry deadlines. One song can be entered into multiple categories or multiple songs can be entered into a single category but each entry must be accompanied by an entry form and entry fee. You may enter as many times as you like.
The entry form is in available in an MS Word format and as a pdf on our website. These forms may be photocopied. Electronic entry is also available on the website.
The entry fee for the 2019 awards program is $25.00 and applies to both single length and full-length entries. Individual entries must be accompanied by a separate entry fee.
Entries will be accepted beginning January 1st, 2019. Entry deadlines for the 2019 awards program are January 31st, 2019 by mail. Electronic entries and those deposited at our drop off locations by must be received by Friday, February 8th, 2019.
All entries are reviewed as they are received. If there is a problem with the audio recording or questions about the entry information someone will contact you via your contact e-mail or by telephone.
Finalists names will be posted on the web site at the conclusion of preliminary judging, no later than April 30th, 2019.
Performances for our banquet and show are selected from finalists, except in the case of performances by invited guests. You may apply to perform if you are a finalist in this year's awards program. To apply, e-mail us at contactnewmexicomusicawards@gmail.com.
Winners are announced and awards are presented at the banquet and show in May of 2019. If you cannot attend the banquet, a list of winners will posted in this site at the conclusion of the awards show.
Categories are judged primarily on production, performance and composition. Performance specific categories like Best Vocal or Best Arrangement are judged on their respective criteria only. Full length categories are judged on the whole package, from production and marketing to performance and composition as well as the commercial viability of a project within the genre.
Preliminary judges come from a pool of local music industry professionals including musicians, songwriters, producers, recording engineers, music publishers, booking agents, program and music directors, talent coordinators and music marketing professionals. Final judging is done by music industry professionals from outside the state of New Mexico.
We are always in need of New Mexico music industry professionals to assist with the preliminary judging. Contact contactnewmexicomusicawards@gmail.com with your request and we'll consider you as a preliminary judge. Prospective judges must not have an affiliation with any category that they may be judging.
Yes there are a number of sponsorship packages available. Please go to http://newmexicomusicawards.com/ad-rates/ for more info.
We are always in need of people to do the heavy lifting as the banquet draws near, from picking up the entries from our retail drop off locations to cataloging the entries to assisting with registering the guests on the day of the banquet. Contact us at contactnewmexicomusicawards@gmail.com and we'll get you involved.


The employer is automatically liable for harassment by a supervisor that results in a negative employment action such as termination, failure to promote or hire, and loss of wages. If the supervisor's harassment results in a hostile work environment, the employer can avoid liability only if it can prove that: 1) it reasonably tried to prevent and promptly correct the harassing behavior; and 2) the employee unreasonably failed to take advantage of any preventive or corrective opportunities provided by the employer.
If you believe that the harassment you are experiencing or witnessing is of a specifically sexual nature, you may want to see EEOC's information on sexual harassment.


text:
What Was The Secret Name of Rome?
A teasing question
Here is an interesting question, (one that Tiberius need not have asked nor would have condoned if asked) noted by Sir Thomas Browne in his Pseudodoxia Epidemica , (Book 1 Chapter 3), as arising in consequence of a statement of Pliny the Elder ( Nat. Hist . III.65 ):
cuius alterum nomen discere nisi1 arcanis caerimoniarum nefas habetur.
the other name of Rome which it is held sinful to disclose except during the rites of the mysteries
The name of an entity, as we have already discussed (q.v., above, concerning the Sirens), whether of a mortal or immortal, was a magical word of power. It was believed by the Romans in common with nearly every other nation that to know the real name of an entity was to have power over that entity. One might command or injure the being whose name was evoked.2 In the case of a city or nation, it was believed that the genius or tutelary deity of the city or people might be persuaded to, or threatened into, the abandonment of its post as guardian of the city, thereby weakening the defense of those thus deserted. It was the usual practise of the Romans when they were besieging a town to address a plea to the genius of the city to withdraw and come over to them, promising that it would be treated far more handsomely and generously among the Romans than it had been heretofore among its own people.3
If the secret name of the god were known, then pleasantries might be followed by threats of compulsion should the god not accede. It was, therefore, the gravest matter of national security that real name of the genius of a city be known only to those who could be trusted to protect it from disclosure. In fact, Pliny goes on to say ( Nat. Hist . III.67 ) that one person who had been so foolish as to disclose the name came to a bad end (q.v. below). What, then, was the secret name of Rome?
This is surely one of the most intricately concealed matters that could be imagined. While the genius of Rome was familiarly addressed in her personified form as Roma and thus depicted on coins, she had the formal pubic name Angerona and her festival was celebrated on December 21. Her statue, again following Pliny, represented Angerona4 as having a bandage over her mouth, undoubtedly to prevent her from revealing her own name and to enjoin those who served her to likewise refrain from naming her. The secret name of the deity, which, by the way, would have been the real name of the city itself, would have been known and spoken only by a very few persons, namely those who officiated at the festival of the deity, the college of her priests. The Pontifex Maximus, too, would have known the name, as would, no doubt, the chief Vestal, and, in Imperial times, the head of state, the Princeps or Emperor, who usually assumed the title and functions of the Supreme Pontiff. Nowadays, except for the Supreme Pontiff, who is not likely to worry himself over the name of a pagan deity, all those titular personages are vanished. With the one exception noted by Pliny, those who knew the name of Roma seem to have kept their oath. How then shall we hope to recover a name that was faithfully hidden for more than a millennium and has been forgotten for nearly as long? There are some clues.
An invaluable clue
Pliny himself drops one hint in the passage noted above, although it is not really evident until it is put together with another bit of information that he gives us elsewhere. While noting that it is forbidden to utter the ceremonial name of the deity, Pliny identifies the nefarious violator of the sacred trust:
_optimaque et salutari fide abolitum enuntiavit Valerius Soranus, luitque mox poenas.
Now Valerius Soranus is most probably Quintus Valerius Soranus ( circa 100 B.C.), a once famous Roman antiquary and poet whose knowledge of Roman history Marcus Licinius Crassus considered unrivalled5. In name, at least, he was a man doubly lucky. Quintus and Valerius were particularly favored names among the Romans, and men of those names and others like them were routinely selected to take the lead in sacrifices or in new undertakings, because of the fortunate nature of their nomenclature. (Frazer. Golden Bough , cites numerous authorities.) It is not surprising, then, that a person named Quintus Valerius Soranus would have had possession of the sacred name of the protective deity of Rome, probably as a consequence of being numbered among the college of priests of the temple. Why did he betray that national trust? Being of an historical and literary turn of mind, he undoubtedly shared the scepticism that seems to characterize historians, even of that era, and he might have let slip the ineffable name, thinking, with Pliny himself, that such magical prohibitions were nonsensical. (Or he simply might have pressed his luck.) How or why the disclosure was made is irrelevant, and the name itself was not included with the story of its revelation. Of what use, then, is the information? In and of itself, no use whatsoever. Combined with something else said by Pliny and amplified elsewhere, it is very useful.
The deities of Soracte
On Mount Soracte, about twenty-five miles northeast of Rome, there was a very ancient temple served by a college of priests drawn from a small number of indigenous families of Samnite origin collectively called Hirpini. (In the same area was an oracle, which means that there was vulcanism beneath the surface, as Pliny confirms6. Both the oracle and the temple were sometimes said to belong to Apollo.7) The rites of the deity of this temple included a singular act (for Italy), which some Roman authors found sufficiently odd or miraculous that they noticed it in their works, Vergil and Silius Italicus among them. It was the duty of these priests annually to walk barefoot over a bed of live embers from a pine wood bonfire, those of unsullied character presumably passed through the flames unharmed and oblivious to pain, while those in whom the deity had found some fault suffered burns8 in the normal way of things. The term fumigation has been applied to the rite, because, it has been suggested, the smoke rather than the fire was the active principle, and the offerings to the god were purified when the priests carried them through the fumes arising from the smoking embers. In any case, whatever the purpose of the act, it was deemed of such vital importance to the continuing welfare of the Roman state that the Senate exempted from any further obligations of service into perpetuity the families from whom these priests were selected. This point needs to be appreciated at its full value. From our perspective, the truly singular aspect of this cultic ritual reposes not in the firewalk but in the exemption (called a vacatio ) gained by it for the performers and their families.
It was sometimes permitted to a family that had rendered exceptional service to Rome, usually in war, to be relieved of some civic burden or obligation for a span of limited duration. For instance, in Republican times, families that had lost a son in battle and which were in danger of extinction could be exempted from sending a surviving son into the legions as a means of preserving the family, from the stability of which the whole strength of the Roman state was thought to arise. In the early Imperial years, Augustus would remit certain taxes for young men who had taken a wife and produced children and would fine single men who refused marriage. But exemption was usually conferred only for a generation (like a life peerage) or until such time as the continuance of the family had been assured. That an entire gens or clan should have been given this type of exemption, broadened to include all forms of civic obligation, for an indeterminate span into the future is not only exceptional, it is practically unprecedented, but that the People and Senate of Rome should confer this boon upon a group of families of foreign, in fact of Samnite origins, is simply astounding. Only the most signal and essential connection to the maintenance of Rome could have warranted such a privilege.
Frazer has thought the matter of the firewalk important enough to his own arguments to collect the references to it (Golden Bough, xi 14-15 and notes), and it is from that resource that we can draw our conclusions. The Samnite gens from whom the priests were drawn were the Hirpini, who traced their arrival in the area to a "sacred spring" of some immemorial period (Golden Bough, iv 186 and notes 4 & 5). (It was the habit of some peoples to offer all of their first born, whether human or beast, of the spring of a particular year for sacrifice to guarantee fertility. Later, this sacrifice was mitigated to include only the beasts, followed later with the expulsion of the grown children to found a new colony at some place chosen for them by their deity.) The god that led the sacred spring of the Samnites to Soracte took the form of a wolf (from the Samnite hirpus ), and the people were known thereafter as the Hirpini. The god whose temple they built on the mount was called Soranus, and the priests of the god were t he hirpi S orani, the wolves of Soranus.
Equating Soranus and Angerona
It should be obvious, now, that (Quintus) Valerius Soranus must have been a member of these highly esteemed Hirpini, in fact was one of the hirpi Sorani 16, and that he had a special relationship to the safety of Rome's most important secret. The knowledge for which he was acclaimed must have been gained by reason of his familial history, and it is very possible that the punishment laid upon him, of which Pliny speaks, was suffered during the firewalk, by which his impiety was proven and the requisite retribution exacted.
If, as we have argued, (Quintus) Valerius Soranus was punished during the rites of the deity of Soracte, then we must conclude that there existed between that numinous being and the tutelary goddess of Rome a very intimate connection, for it was not the normal or general habit of one deity to punish a sacrilege which had been committed against the dignity of another. Divine collegiality was not remarkable, except by its absence. Further, it seems unlikely that a priest of the deity of Soracte, who by virtue of that hereditary office had been exempted from any other state obligations, would have been also a priest of the Sacra Urbs, unless those deities were one and the same. (Gods are, by their nature, jealous.) While no precise correspondence can be demonstrated, the god of Soracte was sometimes called Feronia9, and the deity of Rome was sometimes called Agenoria or Ageronia.10 There might be an easy etymological descent, by way of Sancus, the Sabine god, from Soranus to Sacra Urbs11. As for Feronia, the deity of Soracte appears to have been alternately male and female, and there is the temptation to believe that the worship at Soracte was directed to a pair of deities, perhaps Soranus and Sorania, much in the manner of other local Italian deity pairs.12 The change from Sorania to Feronia is small enough to be allowed. But, even if disallowed, there is enough evidence, based upon the linkage between the cults of Soranus and Angerona in the person of Quintus Valerius Soranus, to make those cults, at least in the worship of their female aspects, identical. Could the deity of Rome, then, have been called Sorania?
Possible answer and objections
It is too much to expect that we could have found out the name so easily. It would not have been much of a secret were it thus. However, the connection appears to be sound, and the conclusion that identifies the two deities as aspects of the same is likewise strongly supported. Despite this, the use of the god's name as a cognomen would have been rather too obvious. What else did the Hirpini Samnites and Romans have in common?
Further evidence
Two creatures were held to be sacred to Mars and to have shared in caring for his twin offspring during their exposure, the wolf and the woodpecker. The wolf, we have seen, was credited with leading the Hirpini to their promised land. As it happens, the woodpecker filled a similar role for another Samnite tribe, the Piceni (from picus, woodpecker), and the woodpecker was said to be the sacred bird of Feronia, the female aspect of the deity at Soracte. That both the bird and the canine appear in the story of Romulus suggests that early Romans owed much to both tribes, and the etymology seems to support that conclusion.
The priests who performed the firewalk were, we have been told, hirpi Sorani , the "wolves of Soranus". Now the ordinary Latin for "wolf" was "lupus". hirpus does not seem to have occurred elsewhere in Latin. Yet the word is very ancient and was of the first importance to the Roman state. Curiously, while hirpus did not pass into the vulgar Latin, picus did. This strikes one as significant.13 Was there some special reason why hirpus did not become common? Could it have had special significance amounting to interdictum that would have prevented its assimilation?
The legend of the suckling of Romulus and Remus by the she-wolf shows us exactly how important that the word was to Rome. If it were not for the wolf, the founder of Rome would not have survived on bread crumbs alone, and Rome would not have been built. In other words, the very existence of Rome was owed to the act of the wolf. Is it possible that the wolf-god of the Hirpini was the wolf-god of Romulus? Might not the Samnite tutelary god Hirpus (or Hirpa) have been the deity whom Romulus regarded as his own guardian goddess, the deity whom he established as the protector of his new city and the source of its real name? Could the secret name of Roma have been Hirpa?
A Digression
Digressing, it was during the search for Achilles' feminine name that we had occasion to mention an ancient anecdote about the birth of a child to a woman of the Ligures, who, when she was delivered of it, lay it down in a thicket and returned to her work in the fields. Besides illustrating the toughness of the people, it is a glimpse at the real origin of many exposure stories: it is an adoption story. It shows a legal ( i.e . sacramental) process by which a child is naturalized as a member of a clan and thereby made a child of that clan's god. In the process, the real mother pretends to abandon the child in a reed or wicker boat or basket, (a trough in the story of Romulus and Remus) and a woman or man of the tribe into which the infant is being adopted then pretends to find the child and to make it a member of his or her family. Through its adoptive parents, the child then becomes a member of the clan. This ceremony of adoption can also be applied to adults, who must first pass through some symbolic rebirth and discovery before being accepted into the clan. This implies a willing surrender of the child by the biological parents.
Supposing for a moment that the swineherd Faustulus was of the Hirpini, then we would have to conclude that Romulus was adopted into the Hirpini tribe and that their tutelary god, Hirpus/Hirpa, became his own. To say that he was suckled by the wolf would then be as much as saying that he had been adopted into the clan. This could be a legendary reading of the historical relationship of the Romans to the native people of the area. The Romans, as newcomers, may have made a pact or treaty with the Hirpini, and part of the mechanism of treaty might have included the adoption of the Romans, through their chief, into the Hirpini clan, thereby giving the Romans natural rights. The wolf-god or goddess then became the tutelary spirit Roma who gave her sacred name to the city, binding the Romans to the Hirpini eternally. Was Faustulus of the Hirpini? The evidence is circumstantial, but there is nothing contrary.
First, Faustulus was a herdsman. He was not, therefore, of the nobility, who were all Trojans by descent, although some of the Trojans themselves were descended from a shepherd. It was in Alba as in every country which has been settled by conquerors: the nobility have been of the newcomers and the commoners have been of the indigenous peoples. It was thus in Britain after the Norman conquest, and was thus in America after the arrival of the Europeans. Second, when he found or exposed the children, he noted that they were more beautiful and of greater size than the ordinary infant, and he suspected that they were of a better birth, which seems to suggest that he was himself of low origins. Third, his wife was Larentia, who was by tradition a prostitute. Except for Justinian (and some of the madder emperors), prostitutes were not the wives of the the nobility. Faustulus was not a Trojan, was of low birth, and was married to a prostitute, but that does not make him Hirpini. He could have been Etruscan, Oscan, Sabine, Samnite, etc. There is one other clew, however, that suggests an Hirpini origin for Faustulus, and that is provided by Plutarch.
In his biography of Romulus, Plutarch repeats the claim that Acca Larentia (as he calls Larentia) was a prostitute, and adds that the Romans called prostitutes wolves (from lupus ), from which some derive the story of the twins being suckled by the wolf. He goes on to say, that she is honored by the Romans with libations in April during the Larentian feast. Now this is a curious mistake, for the Larentialia is in December, as is the feast of Angerona. The major feast of April was the Palilia (or Parilia) in honor of Pales, and was celebrated as the date upon which Rome was founded, and during which the flocks are purified with smoke from sulfur and shepherds leapt over three straw ricks that have been fired. To make such a basic and obvious error seems uncharacteristic. This egregious error of juxtaposition is rendered the more remarkable in that but a few pages further in his narration he correctly places the Palilia at its proper time, as he does the Lupercalia in February. The Roman calendar was not unknown to him. Was the mistake intentional, a means by which he could say indirectly, in drawing attention to the real date of the Larentialia, that the wolf of the Hirpini was involved, a statement which, if made directly, might have come too near to disclosing the secret? Was it simply a case where he unconsciously associated the two? Whatever might have been the reason, the idea of grouping the Larentialia, Palilia, and Angeronalia (and the Lupercalia as well, for that matter) is sound enough. That Faustulus and Larentia were of the Hirpini is a reasonable, even if not irrefutable, conclusion based upon the evidence at hand.
Summation
Summing up the arguments for the theory that Hirpa was the name of the deity of Rome, hirpus is a word of such rarity that it would not have been widely known among the general populace, one measure of the sacredness of a word being its scarcity in ordinary usage. Second, Feronia and Angerona were likely the same deity, the female aspect of Soranus, the wolf god called Sancus by the Sabines and worshipped under that name at Rome. That the cult was not centered in Rome would have insulated it from discovery by Rome's enemies.14 That it was sometimes referred to Apollo15 or to other deities would have made the relationship even more obscure. Third, there is the person Valerius Soranus, apparently a member of the priesthood of both Angerona and of Feronia. Individually, these clues, Valerius Soranus, punished for an impious act offered to Angerona, the cult of Soranus at Soracte of which the hirpi Sorani were its priesthood, the prominence of the wolf in the legendary history of both the Hirpini Samnites and the Romans, might not withstand the weight of our argument, but, when spun together, they form a substantial thread by which to tie the deity worshipped at Soracte to the genius of Rome.
It is probable, therefore, that Hirpa, or some variant thereof, was the secret name of the goddess and of the city over which she spread her protection.
1 In deference to modern scholorship, I have adopted the modern reading. The quotation as it was known in Browne's time and as it appeared in his essay was: cuius alterum nomen discere secretis ceremoniarum nefas habetur.The original reading is actually superior to the suggested emendation. The use of the genitive with the verb discere makes the sense rather difficult to render in English. The correct translation would be: Rome itself, the other name, of the secret rites of which it is held sinful to speak, etc. In other words, the name is the focus of the sacred mysteries of the goddess Roma, but it is of the mysteries as an whole that it is sinful to speak. The name itself is not singled out for a secrecy greater than that given the mysteries of which it is the central feature, but is included in the broader prohibition. The revelation of any portion of the mysteries would have been equally sinful, although the name itself was the Ultra secret of its time, from the keeping of which the entire welfare of the Roman state was believed to depend. The sense of the modern version places the emphasis upon the revelation of the name as being sinful rather than upon the disclosure of the mysteries of the name, but the general meaning of the original is still perceptible, that the name was to be spoken only during those rites.Back to Text.
2 The magistrates of Rome had access to forces greater than mere force of arms to assert their authority. They were able to call upon the numina to enforce their edicts in extraordinary matters affecting the state. Plutarch, in his masterful biography of Crassus, tells us that, when on the point of leaving Rome for his province of Syria, Crassus was in defiance of the Tribune Ateius, who alone all of the Roman magistrates had dared to forbid the Consul to leave the city. (Consuls normally remained in Rome until their year-long term had expired, at which time they assumed their Proconsular postings.)When Crassus ignored this prohibition placed upon him, a grievous violation of Roman law, Ateius attempted to arrest the Consul, but was forced to release him because the other Tribunes lacked the courage to act, a multitude having gathered to see Crassus depart, escorted by Pompey, his colleague. Ateius, unable to enforce his veto, set up a brazier in the gateway by which Crassus was to leave, and, burning incense, called down on Crassus the most terrible of curses, invoking by name powers whose names might not be spoken except in the direst circumstances. Crassus, of course, left Rome, only to die in Parthia with the loss of his legion, whose standards were not recovered until Tiberius sent them home in the time of Augustus. Back to Text.
3 Pliny, ibid XXVIII.18, paraphrasing Verrius Flaccus, an antiquary of the previous century.
_ in opugnationibus ante omnium solitum a Romanis sacerdotibus evocari deum cuius in tutela id oppidum esset promittique illi eundem aut ampliorem apud Romanos cultum. et duret pontificum disciplina id sacrum, constatque ideo occultatum in cuius dei tutela Roma esset, ne qui hostium simili modo agerent .
Among the ancients, wars between nations were a contest between the respective deities of those nations, who were as champions of the opposing armies. The defeat of one army was naturally viewed as a defeat of the deity of that army by the deity of the victors. Historically, when the religion of a city or nation has undergone a change, it is safe to assume that a war has been lost and the gods of the victors installed. The supplanting of a deity in myth can likewise often be attributed to conquest. It was also possible to abduct a deity by removing its sacred objects or statue to another city. The transfer of a deity from one nation to another could be suggested by the deity itself, as in the case of the Great Mother, who informed by means of earth shocks King Attalus of Pergamum that she desired to relocate to Rome. Back to Text.
4 Pliny ( ibid ). There is some confusion on the point of the appearance of the statue of Angerona. Other writers claim that she was represented with a finger pressed to her lips rather than with mouth covered by a bandage. However, this discrepancy might have developed from second-hand knowledge, for the same authors usually say that Angerona was considered the Goddess of Silence and of Suffering, leading one to conclude that the latter titles were based upon a false etymology that derived her name from the root meaning "to narrow or straiten" from which the word "anguish" is formed. It is possible that, having been told of the existence in Rome of a statue showing a goddess whose finger was raised to her lips, the writers quite naturally associated it with Angerona, whose statue had an attribute enjoining silence or secrecy. Thus she became the Goddess of Silence as well, at least in literature. One is reminded of the representations among the Egyptians of the goddess Maat, whose eyes were sometimes shown covered by a blindfold at the weighing of the heart of the deceased against the Feather of Truth (whence the Figure of Blind Justice) and of the figure of Harmarchis (Horus) who is shown as a child with his forefinger raised to his lips, an attitude probably denoting the anointing of the lips for some ceremonial purpose such as the "opening of the lips" of the dead, rather than enjoining silence. A female statue in Rome with her finger to her lips would likely have also indicated the anointing of the lips for some similar purpose, such as the uttering of oracular statements. That goddess would, then, have been Mefitis, whose oracle was in Ampsancus. It is also possible that Maat and Harmarchis were somehow merged, for it was said and so drawn by the Egyptians that Maat (the horizon) embraced Horus (Harmarchis as the daytime Sun) twice a day, at Dawn and and Sunset. (See note 6, below.) Back to Text.
5 We have the authority of Mr. Robert Graves for this. I have not been able to track down the exact quotation from Crassus, but Mr. Graves is generally reliable for his sources. If Pliny's Valerius Soranus is not the same person, it is of no real importance to the argument.
The full translation of the quote from Pliny, continued here from the earlier citation, would run: Rome itself, the other name, of the seecret rites of which it is held sinful to speak, Valerius Soranus revealed, violating the highest security and trust, and shortly thereafter he paid the penalty.
That the crime was actually committed is open to debate. .Back to Text.
6 Pliny (Nat Hist. II 208) notices the deadly vapors that collected on the surface in the valley of Ampsancus and near Soracte, both in the country of the Hirpini, and which could kill birds or men. Hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide are both highly toxic constituents of volcanic emissions and can kill without the victim apprehending the danger. Also Vergil, Aeneid, VII 84, 568 hic specus horrendum et saevi spiracula Ditis. The oracle must have belonged to the god or goddess Mefitis, who had a temple in Ampsancus, and from which the word "mephitic" comes to us. The exhalations were the "breath of Dis". Back to Text.
7 Both the Aequanus of Silius and the Arruns of Vergil are called the priest of Apollo. Back to Text.
8 Pliny ( ibid , VII.19) Haut procul urbe Roma in Faliscorum agro familiae sunt paucae quae vocantur Hirpi; hae sacrificio annuo quod fit ad montem Soractem Apollini super ambustam ligni struem ambulantes non aduruntur, et ob id perpetuo senatus consulto militiae omniumque aliorum munerum vacationem habent.
Modern recreations of this rite are more commercial than spiritual, the secret lying in the moisture that adheres to the soles of the feet, either from sweat or from the dew of the grass. The act is generally attempted in the evening, when the grass is wet and the fire has burned down to glowing coals. It is not necessary to mention the sojourn of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego in the fiery furnace or to speak of the "trial by fire" to see this rite as one testing the purity of faith of the participants. Back to Text.
9 The deity of Soracte was also sometimes called Oscines, suggesting that the Oscans, too, were under its protection. There appears to have been a deliberate attempt to obscure the identity of the deity being worshipped in the temple at Soracte. Back to Text.
10 There was among the Greeks of Orchomenus a festival called the Agnioria, during which an hunt or chase was conducted, the object of which was for the priest of Dionysus to overtake and kill any of the participants in a ritualistic race. It may be that the rites at Soracte were originally designed as a blood sacrifice, which would more fully explain the perpetual "vacation" given to the families who supplied the priest-victims. The victims of the Agnioria were also privileged, being members of the royal house. Orcus was the old Latin god of the underworld, the Roman Dis. In his combinative form Lupus Orcus, Lupercus, he was the god of the shepherds, who warded off the wolf. The shepherds would naturally placate the wolf-spirit in order to protect their flocks. Back to Text.
11 The Sabine god Sancus is very likely the god of Soracte, videlicet , the root of Sancus is that of sancio , SAC, which is related to the root of the the word for wolf, lupus ( Gr . ). Soranus can readily be perceived as a localized Samnite or corrupted form of Sancus. The identification is affirmed by the name Angerona and its variant Agenoria, which are derivative of the words for lamb, agnus , and the sacrificial beast, agonium , which clearly is meant to represent the sheep as victim. The priesthood of the god Sancus were called Bidentals, and they sacrificed the two-year old sheep, bidentes , to their god. ( bidens was also the name of a two-pronged mattock. It is possible that the farm implement was used to stun the sheep before slaughter, thereby giving the victim the name bidentes .) Thus, we have complimentary cults in service of the same deity, which itself has male and female aspects, the which are served by priesthoods that call themselves the one Wolves (Soranus, Feronia) and the other Sheep (Sancus, Agenoria/Angerona). That the worship of Sancus was very old in Rome is attested by the report in Pliny ( ibid , VIII.194) that there still hung in the Temple of Sancus a distaff and spindle bearing wool that had been spun by Gaia Caecilius, wife of Tarquinius Priscus, fifth king of Rome. Plutarch states that it was even older, for he says that the Romans and Sabines adopted each the others gods at the time of the treaty between Romulus and Tatius. There was an inscription on the base of the statue of Sancus, recorded by Tertullian which ran as follows: Sanco sanctus Semon. dio Fidio sacrum decuria sacerdotum bidentalium.
Varro shows that Semo Sancus is correctly a synonym of the supreme deity, called Apollo or Dis or Zeus, while Servius says that Soranus, the deity of Soracte, was the father of Dis Father of wolves. Thus Soranus (Ouranous, the Father of all gods) is Semo Sancus.
Lexicographer Charlton Lewis went so far as to derive Samnium from Sabinium, which would make the Samnites themselves derivative of Sabine stock, a tribe that had become separated from the parent nation by an earlier "sacred spring", growing eventually into a nation unto itself. This would account for the presence in Sabine territory of the Hirpini and their possession of the priesthood of Soranus: they, a kind of lost tribe, had, indeed, come home to Soracte in another, later sacred spring, this one out of the Samnite nation, reclaiming their birthright. Based upon the etymological rules for the mutation of consonants discovered by Scaurus ( De Orthographia ), the change that Lewis hypothesizes is justified. "b" cum "p" et "m" consentit, quoniam origo earum non sine labore coniuncto ore respondet. a quo quem Graeci Purri/an nos Byrriam, et quem <nos> Pyrrum antiqui Burrum et Palatium <Balatium>, item Publicolam Poplicolam: et alii scamillum, alii scabillum dicunt: aut cum ab eadem voce duae gignuntur, ut ab eo quod est princeps et caelebs principis et caelibis, nec minus e contrario in verbis, cum <a> carpo et scribo carpsi et scripsi proferimus .
Varro ( Rerum Humanorum ) states explicitly that the Saminites were Sabine.
It is worthwhile noting that the Sabines were especially fruitful and were responsible for numerous colonies founded in the same manner, among them the Mamertines of Sicily, who took their name from the Oscan god of war, Mamers, a title of Mars in Rome. The Mamertines,who spoke an antique form of Latin, harried Pyrros of Epiros, inflicting relatively heavy losses, during his retreat from Sicily and Italy.
Parenthetically, one wishes to point out that the Northern Giantess Angabroda (Angurboda), mother of Fenris wolf and Hel, seems somehow related to Angerona. The similarity of name and the presence of the wolf with each, at least by my calculations, adds up to a kinship if not actual identity. It is odd that the only people to sack Rome prior to the empire should have been Gauls. Could they have known the secret name because of their knowledge of Angurboda? Back to Text.
12 e.g . Faunus and Fauna, Janus and Jana, Dianus and Diana. Also, on that model, Bellus and Bellona. We may deduce Bellus from its original form duellus and its root (DVA, DVI) signifying "two" or "to divide", because bellum was originally duellum . Thus the warring couple, Bellus and Bellona, a dual deity. What the Romans called the marriage of the gods was in reality a sexual duality or androgyne. Bellus, therefore, the Latin god of war, appears to have pre-dated the Roman Mars, who for political reasons must have taken Bellona, the relict of his predecessor, to wife. Back to Text.
13 It also seems possible that the ascendancy of the wolf over the woodpecker is reflected in the triumph of Romulus over Remus. Back to Text.
14 The temple at Soracte was looted by order of Hannibal in 211 B.C. (Livy, Ab Urbe . XXVI.11-12) No doubt this accounts for the sudden reversal in his fortune and for the confidence shown by the Romans. In regard of that last, Livy tells an amusing story: the land on which Hannibal had made his camp had been for sale prior to Hannibal's seizure of it, and, contrary to all reason, actually had been sold after his occupation of it without any reduction in price. Hannibal was understandably chagrined by the news. He did not learn the sacred name of Rome from the Hirpini, and had to content himself with merely riding, impotent, around the walls of Rome. Had he been more polite to the deity of Soracte, he might have fared better. His soldiers, wiser and more pious than their general, left behind their own donations of bronze coins to show their respect for the deity, whose sanctuary they had been commanded to violate. Back to Text.
15 Phoebus was in the habit of usurping the honors and the oracles of other gods, as happened with the Pythian oracle, for example, where Themis had delivered her utterances before being ousted. In Ampsancus, however, this supplanting has the earmarks of disinformation, although, if Frazer was correct in assigning sky-god attributes to Semo Sancus, the identification with the sun god could be legitimate. Apollo had among his many titles Wolf and Wolf-Slayer. Certainly, the compounding of the Sabine god into the name of the valley and oracle is clear enough evidence upon which to bring in a verdict identifying Soranus and Sancus as titles belonging to the same deity. Back to Text.
16 This is proven by Varro De Lingua Latina: flamines, quod in Latio capite velato erant semper ac caput cinctum habebant filo, f<i>lamines dicti. horum singuli cognomina habent ab eo deo cui sacra faciunt; sed partim sunt aperta, partim obscura : Back to Text.


When I get to school I don't walk along the fence to the back gate. I throw my sports bag over the fence and lift myself right over it.
This is the boundary fence that Bernard walks along and eventually jumps over in Bernard Beagle Kicks Off. The gate is further along, amongst the shadows of the trees.
The fence is a significant feature of the story. Normally, Bernard takes the easier option, walking down to the gate when he comes to school. Then as he grows in confidence, training with Cody and losing a bit of weight, he finally decides to jump over the fence instead, right before the first match of the season against Woodland Bay Primary Jets.
This is actually the fence at Reynella East College (previously Reynella East High School) that I jumped over every school day from 2004 - 2008.


Port Golfe Juan can easily accommodate a grand total of 250 superyachts; offering space for 50 hulls in the 31-50m range and 200 yachts between 24m and 30m.
Specifications of entry for this marina mean that the maximum draft of any superyacht arriving in the facility is 3.0m and must have a beam measuring no more than 8.0m .
Focal marina amenities include Customs , Electricity , Fuel , Repairs , Security , Shopping , Waste Disposal , Water and WiFi .
When entering, remember to switch the VHF Channel to 12.


The first MC of significance to be supported by Swizz Beatz's J-affiliated Full Surface label, Cassidy is a fresh-faced Philadelphian who gained a lot of attention as a battle rapper -- with a successful bout against Freeway as one of the first feathers in his cap. People who had been following him through several mixtape appearances were more than a little surprised by the angle taken on his first solo single, "Hotel." Rather than build on his street credibility, Cassidy used the song -- with vocal hooks courtesy of R. Kelly -- to establish himself as an MC who could just deliver a fluffy chart-aimed hit with equal ease. "Hotel" more or less piggybacked Chingy's "Holidae In" as a like-themed tune into the upper reaches of the singles charts, all the while being as light musically as the same rapper's "One Call Away." Split Personality, Cassidy's debut album, arrived just as "Hotel" was peaking, in March of 2004, and debuted at the number two spot on the Billboard album chart. The following year, the MC returned with the harder I'm a Hustla, which was released roughly two weeks after he was charged with a murder that took place in his Philadelphia neighborhood. The extra attention had no negative effect on his career, with 2007's B.A.R.S.: The Barry Adrian Reese Story bowing in the Top Ten of the Billboard album chart; its lead single, "My Drink 'N My Two Step" (also produced by Swizz Beatz), peaked at number 11 on the Hot R&B/Hip Hop chart.


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A long-running charity in Burton which brings joy to thousands of youngsters every year is set to return once again.
Derek's Tree, led by Branston pensioner Derek Liddle, already has 2,500 children from across the area in need of some extra magic this Christmas.
Based in Coopers Square shopping centre, the project sees a host of volunteers dedicate numerous hours to ensuring vulnerable youngsters in Burton and South Derbyshire enjoy Christmas just as much as everybody else.
Charities from the area submit lists of disadvantaged children who may go without across the festive period, along with which gifts they would most like from Santa.
Their first name, age and what gift they would like are then printed on cardboard gift tags, which are hung on a tree in the shopping centre.
Selfless shoppers can then choose a tag and buy the present for the child.
The team of volunteers, including Derek, of Main Street, Branston, then check to make sure the gifts are safe and appropriate before packaging them up for the youngsters.
The presents will then be handed out to the children in the run-up to the big day.
Every single child on the list in 2017 got a present, with £60,000 worth of gifts handed out. For this effort, Derek was crowned "volunteer of the year" at the Burton Mail Heroes Awards, in July.
Derek, aged 78, launched his tree from his Branston living room back in 1995, but did not realise the scale it would reach and how cherished it would become in the community.
This year the scheme is launching on Sunday, November 25, with 2,500 children already nominated for a gift.
A new main sponsor is on board, supporting the project - Hardy Signs.
The Burton signage specialists, based in The Maltsters, in Wetmore Road has backed Derek's Tree previously, but have taken it an extra step this year.
They will be designing and supplying Christmas cards, gift tags and signs, as well as championing the project through their social media channels.
Nik Hardy, managing director of the firm, said: "We have been good friends with Derek for many years and have long admired the work carried out by the charity.
"Having supported the cause in the past, we are delighted that we can offer further support in 2018 and help those less fortunate at Christmas time."
Will you be buying a gift for a child through Derek's Tree?
Reacting to the new sponsors, Derek said: "I've known Nik Hardy for 24 years, the same age as the tree.
"They've always given their support and help to the project and this year he has become our main sponsor. It's absolutely fantastic."
Derek's Tree will launch at 10am on Sunday, November 25, with an official unveiling from the Mayor of East Staffordshire, Councillor Chris Smith at around 11am.


text:
Residents in the Northern Regions have one week left to give views on Local Government Review
There is just one week left for people in the Northern regions to submit views on how they would like their local government to be restructured.
At the request of the Government, on 17 June 2003 The Boundary Committee for England began a major review of local government structure. The three regions they have been looking at in great depth are the North East, North West and Yorkshire and the Humber. Provided with guidance by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, the Committee must recommend at least two options for a single tier of local government in areas where there are currently both district and county councils.
A referendum will be held in all three regions to decide whether the public want an elected regional assembly. People living in the two-tier areas of the three northern regions will also be able to vote for their preferred option for unitary local government. These options will only be implemented in the event of a yes vote for elected regional assemblies.
The review is divided into 4 stages, which includes 2 twelve-week public consultation periods. The deadline of 23 February 2004 for the second consultation is swiftly approaching, after which the Committee will spend the final weeks of the review considering all submissions received. To date, more than 5,000 submissions have been received about local government structure in the three regions. More are arriving on a daily basis. The Committee must submit their final recommendations to the Deputy Prime Minister, no later than 25 May 2004.
The Committee must ensure that its recommendations, amongst other key criteria, reflect local communities and community interests.
Since the start of the review, The Boundary Committee has been attending regular meetings in the North East, North West and Yorkshire and the Humber regions, with representatives of all 50 authorities which may be affected by the review, as well as other stakeholders and interested parties. They welcome the cooperation they have received, with many councils working together to put proposals to the Committee. The Committee has also attended two briefings to MPs at the House of Commons. MPs representing all parties have had an opportunity to air their views on the patterns of unitary local government in the three regions under review.
Boundary Committee Director, Archie Gall said, We are now approaching the final stage of the review. We have seen well-constructed arguments from local government, stakeholders and the public, which will enable us to make informed decisions for changes to local authority structure in the areas being reviewed. We look forward to receiving further submissions before the 23 February deadline.
The Committee is required to identify at least two options for unitary authorities in each area and recommend them to the Government. These must provide the basis for high performing unitary local government in the two-tier areas of the North East, North West and Yorkshire and the Humber, combining effective service delivery across all local authority services with responsiveness to local communities.
Submissions from local people, councils and other organisations can be made by writing to The Local Government Review Team (review county), The Boundary Committee for England, Trevelyan House, Great Peter Street, London SW1P 2HW, or by logging on to www.boundarycommittee.org.uk. Proposals during this final stage of consultation must reach the Committee by 23 February.
/ends
Charmaine Colvin on 020 7271 0700 or Elise Cross on 020 7271 0530
Out of Office hours 07887 626 774
www.boundarycommittee.org.uk
The Regional Assemblies (Preparation) Act 2003, paving the way for referendums on elected regional assemblies, was introduced to Parliament in November 2002 and received Royal Assent in May 2003.
The Boundary Committee is required to submit its recommendations to the Deputy Prime Minister by 25 May 2004. In the event of a no vote in a referendum on an elected regional assembly, the Government has said no local government restructuring will take place in that region.
Draft recommendations for unitary structures in the Northern regions can be viewed at: www.boundarycommittee.org.uk


The African Studies Program coordinates teaching and research on Africa at the University of Wisconsin – Madison. Formally established in 1961 and one of the earliest such programs in the country, it has trained a total of 700 Africa specialists at the Ph.D. level over the years. Tens of thousands of Wisconsin undergraduates have taken Africa courses in more than 30 departments. The African Studies Program also sponsors a variety of activities for faculty members, students, and the public, including lecture series, symposia, fellowships, and outreach events, and services to strengthen Africa knowledge outside of the University.
The American Institute of Pakistan Studies (AIPS), established in 1973, is a non-profit, tax-exempt, non-partisan educational organization and a member of the Council of American Overseas Research Centers. Its mission is to encourage and support research on issues relevant to Pakistan and the promotion of scholarly exchange between the United States and Pakistan. To fulfill this mission, AIPS provides research fellowships to American researchers, administers lectureships, and sponsors academic conferences.
The Center for Asian and Pacific Studies is a research and outreach center devoted to promoting understanding of the Asia-Pacific region. Its primary aim is to foster collaborative and individual research engaging Asia-interested scholars from the UO, the nation, and around the world. The Center is distinctive in terms of its geographic scope with programmatic focus on East Asia, South East Asia, South Asia, and the Pacific Islands.
The creation of the Center for Sikh and Punjab Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara, was approved in the spring of 2004. Located jointly in Global and International Studies Program and Religious Studies, the Center provides institutional support for the study of the Sikh tradition, the region of the Punjab, and the Punjabi communities settled in other parts of the world.
(5) to be proactive in involving the Sikh/Punjabi community in these activities.
The Centre for Caribbean Studies was established in October, 1984 by the University Grants Committee with assistance from the Leverhulme Trust and the Nuffield Foundation. It was the first such Centre in the UK to recognise the significance of the Caribbean region and its historically interdependent linkages with the UK and the world. Further, the Centre recognised the differing legacies of the various European countries, particularly from the fifteenth century to the twentieth century in the region, that are reflected in the plurality of languages, cultures, and religions. Concomitantly, the communities of Caribbean peoples who later migrated and settled in Britain, Europe and the United States have also influenced culture and society in their adopted homelands.
capitalising on Sussex's historic and existing strengths in postcolonial studies, area studies, and imperialism/colonialism.
The SOAS Centre for Cultural, Literary and Postcolonial Studies (CCLPS) will be formally launched in October 2009 to promote the disciplines of Comparative Literature, Cultural Studies and Postcolonial Studies in relation to Africa, Asia and the Middle East. The Centre is to be housed in and administered by the Faculty of Languages and Cultures, but as a Centre dedicated to interdisciplinary study it is not subordinate to any single Department in the Faculty, either administratively or intellectually.
The Centre for Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies (CIPCS) was founded in 2006 to bring together a wide range of research interests from staff in History and other disciplines in the School of Humanities at the University of Southampton. Its aim is to create a multi and increasingly inter-disciplinary research culture for academics and postgraduates working in the fields of Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies. The Centre will host regular research seminars and conferences as well as provide specialist expertise in postgraduate teaching and supervision. It will be supported in these aims by the relevant archival and printed collections of the University's Hartley Library, and will, in its turn, seek to enhance awareness and use of these collections.
Post-colonial studies have been invigorated in recent years, generating new and important ways of looking at major intellectual and political issues. Our research harnesses the breadth of that approach – bringing together disciplines as diverse as anthropology, sociology, media and theology – to examine questions of power and representation that impact on the development of sustainable modern societies.
With a world-class reputation for encouraging inter-disciplinary collaboration, Goldsmiths has long been a centre for postcolonial theory- not surprisingly, since postcolonialism is a field of enquiry which is by its very nature interdisciplinary and which flourishes across, and in the interstices between, academic disciplines.
The Centre for the Comparative Study of Muslim Societies and Cultures has been established at Simon Fraser University to encourage the academic discussion and public understanding of the cultures and societies of Muslim peoples in the past and present. It builds on the History Department's nationally recognized Middle Eastern and Islamic Concentration and on existing activities such as the Drs Fereidoun and Katharine Mirhady Lecture in IranianStudies, courses in Persian and Arabic, and a growing Farsi library collection.
Based at the University of Leeds, the ICPS is a multilingual forum – internationalist in spirit, interdisciplinary in method – for the comparative treatment of ideas, issues and problems related to the study of the colonial past and to the cultures of the contemporary postcolonial world.
The Institute of Postcolonial Studies is an independent organisation located in Melbourne, Australia. It is committed to advancing the recognition of cultural difference, and encouraging mutual engagement and reconciliation.
The International Institute for Asian Studies (IIAS) is a postdoctoral research centre based in Leiden and Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Its objective is to encourage the interdisciplinary and comparative study of Asia and promote national and international cooperation. The institute focuses on the human and social sciences and on their interaction with other sciences.