PLEASE READ THESE TERMS OF SERVICE ("TERMS OF SERVICE") CAREFULLY. THEY APPLY TO YOUR USE OF THE TAYLOR + THOMAS ("T+T") WEBSITE AT WWW.TAYLORANDTHOMASLA.COM (THE "SITE") AND THE RELATED GOODS AND SERVICES OFFERED BY T+T THROUGH THE SITE. WE WILL REFER TO THE SITE AND RELATED GOODS AND SERVICES OFFERED THROUGH THE SITE AS THE "SERVICES."
THESE TERMS OF SERVICE CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS, REMEDIES, AND OBLIGATIONS. PLEASE NOTE THAT SECTION 10 OF THE TERMS OF SERVICE INCLUDES AN ARBITRATION AGREEMENT. EXCEPT FOR CERTAIN TYPES OF DISPUTES IDENTIFIED IN THAT CLAUSE, YOU AND T+T AGREE THAT DISPUTES BETWEEN US WILL BE RESOLVED BY MANDATORY BINDING ARBITRATION, AND YOU WAIVE ANY RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN A CLASS ACTION LAWSUIT OR CLASS ARBITRATION.
T+T MAY, IN ITS SOLE DISCRETION, MODIFY OR REVISE THE TERMS OF SERVICE AT ANY TIME, AND YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY SUCH MODIFICATIONS OR REVISIONS. ALTHOUGH WE MAY ATTEMPT TO NOTIFY YOU WHEN MAJOR CHANGES ARE MADE TO THE TERMS OF SERVICE, YOU SHOULD PERIODICALLY REVIEW THE MOST UP-TO-DATE VERSION, WHICH WILL ALWAYS BE POSTED AT WWW.TAYLORANDTHOMASLA.COM. YOUR CONTINUED USE OF THE SERVICES CONSTITUTES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF ANY SUCH CHANGES.
WE WILL ARRANGE FOR SHIPMENT OF THE PRODUCTS TO THE ADDRESS YOU PROVIDE IN YOUR ORDER. PLEASE CHECK SHIPPING OPTIONS DURING CHECKOUT FOR SPECIFIC DELIVERY OPTIONS. YOU WILL PAY ALL SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES SPECIFIED DURING THE ORDERING PROCESS. SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES ARE REIMBURSEMENT FOR THE COSTS WE INCUR IN THE PROCESSING, HANDLING, PACKING, SHIPPING, AND DELIVERY OF YOUR ORDER.
YOU WILL RECEIVE A SHIPPING CONFIRMATION EMAIL ONCE YOUR ORDER IS BEING PROCESSED. ONCE YOU HAVE RECEIVED THIS EMAIL PLEASE ALLOW 24-48 HOURS FOR YOUR TRACKING NUMBER TO UPDATE. IF, FOR ANY REASON, YOUR TRACKING NUMBER DOES NOT SHOW AN UPDATE FOR MORE THAN 3 TO 4 BUSINESS DAYS, SEND US AN EMAIL AT HELLO@TAYLORANDTHOMASLA.COM REFERENCING YOUR ORDER NUMBER.
TITLE AND RISK OF LOSS PASS TO YOU UPON DELIVERY. SHIPPING AND DELIVERY DATES ARE ESTIMATES ONLY AND CANNOT BE GUARANTEED. WE ARE NOT LIABLE FOR ANY DELAYS IN SHIPMENTS OR FOR ANY LOST OR STOLEN PACKAGES AFTER DELIVERY.
AT THIS TIME WE ARE UNABLE TO SHIP TO DOMESTIC P.O. BOXES.
TO RETURN PRODUCTS, PLEASE VISIT OUR RETURNS PAGE. IF YOU PLACED YOUR ORDER FROM OUTSIDE THE U.S. PLEASE EMAIL HELLO@TAYLORANDTHOMASLA.COM TO BEGIN YOUR RETURN.
WE WILL ACCEPT A RETURN OF THE PRODUCTS FOR A REFUND OF YOUR PURCHASE PRICE, LESS THE ORIGINAL SHIPPING AND HANDLING COSTS, PROVIDED SUCH RETURN IS MADE WITHIN FOURTEEN (14) DAYS OF DELIVERY WITH VALID PROOF OF PURCHASE AND PROVIDED SUCH PRODUCTS ARE RETURNED IN THEIR ORIGINAL, UNWORN CONDITION. WE WILL PAY ALL SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES FOR RETURNS WITHIN THE U.S.
YOUR REFUND WILL BE CREDITED BACK TO THE SAME PAYMENT METHOD USED TO MAKE THE ORIGINAL PURCHASE ON THE SITE AFTER WE RECEIVE THE RETURNED PRODUCT AND CONFIRM THAT IT IS ELIGIBLE FOR A RETURN.
AT THIS TIME WE ARE UNABLE TO OFFER EXCHANGES. PLEASE RETURN YOUR ITEMS FOR A FULL REFUND AND PLACE A NEW ORDER.
ALL ON SALE PRODUCTS ARE FINAL SALE. IF YOU ORDER A SALE PRODUCT, YOU UNDERSTAND AND AGREE THAT THE ITEM IS NOT ELIGIBLE FOR EXCHANGE, RETURN, OR REFUND.
THE SERVICES ARE OFFERED AND AVAILABLE TO USERS WHO ARE 13 YEARS OF AGE OR OLDER. ANY REGISTRATION BY, USE OF, OR ACCESS TO THE SERVICES BY ANYONE UNDER 13 IS UNAUTHORIZED AND IN VIOLATION OF THESE TERMS OF SERVICE. BY USING THE SERVICES, YOU REPRESENT AND WARRANT THAT YOU ARE 13 YEARS OF AGE OR OLDER AND THAT YOU AGREE TO ABIDE BY THE TERMS OF SERVICE.
MOREOVER, TO ACCEPT THE TERMS OF SERVICES, YOU AFFIRM THAT YOU ARE EITHER AT LEAST 18 YEARS OF AGE, AN EMANCIPATED MINOR, OR POSSESS LEGAL PARENTAL OR GUARDIAN CONSENT, AND ARE FULLY ABLE AND COMPETENT TO ENTER INTO AND COMPLY WITH THE TERMS, CONDITIONS, OBLIGATIONS, AFFIRMATIONS, REPRESENTATIONS, AND WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THESE TERMS OF SERVICE. MINORS BETWEEN THE AGES OF 13 AND 18 WHO HAVE NOT BEEN EMANCIPATED MAY ONLY USE THE SERVICES WITH THE INVOLVEMENT OF A PARENT OR GUARDIAN.
IF YOU ACCESS CERTAIN FEATURES OF THE SERVICES, YOU MAY HAVE THE OPTION TO CREATE A T+T ACCOUNT ("ACCOUNT"). WHEN CREATING YOUR ACCOUNT, YOU MUST PROVIDE AND MAINTAIN ACCURATE AND COMPLETE INFORMATION, AND YOU WILL BE ASKED TO CHOOSE A PASSWORD. YOU ARE ENTIRELY RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING THE CONFIDENTIALITY OF YOUR PASSWORD AND KEEPING YOUR PASSWORD SECURE. YOU AGREE NOT TO USE THE ACCOUNT, USERNAME, OR PASSWORD OF ANOTHER T+T ACCOUNT HOLDER AT ANY TIME OR TO DISCLOSE YOUR PASSWORD TO ANY THIRD PARTY. YOU MAY NEVER CREATE AN ACCOUNT USING A FALSE IDENTITY OR INFORMATION, ON BEHALF OF SOMEONE OTHER THAN YOURSELF, OR USE ANOTHER PERSON'S ACCOUNT WITHOUT PERMISSION. T+T MAY REFUSE TO OPEN AN ACCOUNT FOR ANY REASON, IN T+T'S SOLE DISCRETION.
YOU AGREE TO NOTIFY T+T IMMEDIATELY IF YOU SUSPECT ANY UNAUTHORIZED USE OF YOUR ACCOUNT, ACCESS TO YOUR PASSWORD, OR ANY OTHER BREACH OF SECURITY BY EMAILING HELLO@TAYLORANDTHOMASLA.COM. YOU ARE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY AND ALL USE OF YOUR ACCOUNT. T+T WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR YOUR LOSSES CAUSED BY ANY UNAUTHORIZED USE OF YOUR ACCOUNT.
THESE TERMS OF SERVICE SHALL REMAIN IN FULL FORCE AND EFFECT WHILE YOU USE THE SERVICES, HAVE AN ACCOUNT, AND EVEN AFTER YOUR ACCOUNT IS TERMINATED. YOU MAY TERMINATE YOUR ACCOUNT AT ANY TIME, FOR ANY REASON, BY EMAILING HELLO@TAYLORANDTHOMASLA.COM.
T+T MAY TERMINATE YOUR ACCOUNT OR YOUR ACCESS TO SERVICES AT ANY TIME, WITHOUT WARNING AND IN T+T'S SOLE DISCRETION, IF YOU BREACH THESE TERMS OF SERVICE, OR OTHERWISE.
YOU AGREE THAT YOUR ORDER IS AN OFFER TO BUY ALL PRODUCTS LISTED IN YOUR ORDER. ALL ORDERS PLACED THROUGH THE SITE ARE SUBJECT TO T+T'S ACCEPTANCE. THIS MEANS THAT T+T MAY REFUSE TO ACCEPT OR MAY CANCEL ANY ORDER, WHETHER OR NOT THE ORDER HAS BEEN CONFIRMED, FOR ANY OR NO REASON, AND WITHOUT LIABILITY TO YOU OR ANYONE ELSE. IF YOUR CREDIT CARD HAS ALREADY BEEN CHARGED FOR AN ORDER THAT IS LATER CANCELLED BY T+T, T+T WILL ISSUE YOU A REFUND.
CERTAIN PRODUCTS MAY BE AVAILABLE EXCLUSIVELY ONLINE THROUGH THE SITE. THESE PRODUCTS MAY HAVE LIMITED QUANTITIES. ALSO, WE HAVE MADE EVERY EFFORT TO DISPLAY AS ACCURATELY AS POSSIBLE THE COLORS AND IMAGES OF OUR PRODUCTS. WE CANNOT GUARANTEE THAT YOUR COMPUTER MONITOR'S DISPLAY OF ANY COLOR WILL BE ACCURATE.
WE RESERVE THE RIGHT, BUT ARE NOT OBLIGATED, TO LIMIT THE SALES OF OUR PRODUCTS TO ANY PERSON, GEOGRAPHIC REGION, OR JURISDICTION. WE MAY EXERCISE THIS RIGHT ON A CASE-BY-CASE BASIS. WE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO LIMIT THE QUANTITIES OF ANY PRODUCTS THAT WE OFFER. ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF PRODUCTS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE, AT OUR SOLE DISCRETION. WE RESERVE THE RIGHT AT ANY TIME TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE ANY OF OUR PRODUCTS, ANY PART OF THE SITE, OR THE SITE AS A WHOLE WITHOUT NOTICE AT ANY TIME. ANY OFFER FOR ANY PRODUCT MADE ON THIS SITE IS VOID WHERE PROHIBITED.
PRICES POSTED ON THE SITE MAY BE DIFFERENT THAN PRICES OFFERED BY US OR OUR BUSINESS PARTNERS AT OTHER LOCATIONS, BOTH PHYSICAL AND ON THE INTERNET. ALL PRICES AND DISCOUNTS POSTED ON THE SITE ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. THE PRICE T+T CHARGES FOR A PRODUCT WILL BE THE PRICE IN EFFECT AT THE TIME THE ORDER IS PLACED AND WILL BE SET OUT IN YOUR ORDER CONFIRMATION EMAIL. PRICE INCREASES WILL ONLY APPLY TO ORDERS PLACED AFTER SUCH CHANGES. POSTED PRICES DO NOT INCLUDE TAXES OR CHARGES FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING. ALL SUCH TAXES AND SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES WILL BE ADDED TO YOUR MERCHANDISE TOTAL, AND WILL BE ITEMIZED IN YOUR SHOPPING CART AND IN YOUR ORDER CONFIRMATION EMAIL. WE STRIVE TO DISPLAY ACCURATE PRICE INFORMATION, HOWEVER WE MAY, ON OCCASION, MAKE INADVERTENT TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS, INACCURACIES, OR OMISSIONS RELATED TO PRICING AND AVAILABILITY. WE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO CORRECT ANY ERRORS, INACCURACIES, OR OMISSIONS AT ANY TIME AND TO CANCEL ANY ORDERS ARISING FROM SUCH OCCURRENCES. WE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU OR TO ANY THIRD-PARTY FOR ANY MODIFICATION, PRICE CHANGE, SUSPENSION, OR DISCONTINUANCE OF THE SITE, SERVICES, OR ANY PRODUCTS.
T+T HEREBY GRANTS YOU PERMISSION TO ACCESS AND USE THE SITE AS SET FORTH IN THESE TERMS OF SERVICE, PROVIDED THAT YOU AGREE NOT TO DISTRIBUTE IN ANY MEDIUM ANY PART OF THE SITE, WITHOUT T+T'S PRIOR WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION, AND YOU AGREE NOT TO ALTER, MODIFY, COPY, OR REVERSE ENGINEER ANY PART OF THE SITE. T+T RESERVES THE RIGHT TO DISCONTINUE ANY ASPECT OF THE SITE AT ANY TIME.
THE CONTENT ON THE SITE, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE TEXT, SOFTWARE, SCRIPTS, GRAPHICS, PHOTOS, SOUNDS, MUSIC, VIDEOS, AND INTERACTIVE FEATURES ("CONTENT") AND THE TRADEMARKS, SERVICE MARKS, TRADE NAMES, TRADE DRESS, AND LOGOS CONTAINED THEREIN, INCLUDING "TAYLOR + THOMAS," "TT," AND THE LOGOS OF EACH (TOGETHER, THE "MARKS"), ARE OWNED BY T+T AND SUBJECT TO COPYRIGHT AND OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS UNDER THE LAW. CONTENT ON THE SITE IS PROVIDED TO YOU AS IS FOR YOUR INFORMATION AND PERSONAL USE ONLY AND MAY NOT BE DOWNLOADED, COPIED, REPRODUCED, DISTRIBUTED, TRANSMITTED, BROADCAST, DISPLAYED, SOLD, LICENSED, OR OTHERWISE EXPLOITED FOR ANY OTHER PURPOSES WHATSOEVER WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF T+T AND ANY OTHER RESPECTIVE OWNERS. T+T RESERVES ALL RIGHTS NOT EXPRESSLY GRANTED IN AND TO THE SITE AND THE CONTENT.
YOU AGREE TO NOT ENGAGE IN THE USE, COPYING, OR DISTRIBUTION OF ANY OF THE CONTENT OTHER THAN AS EXPRESSLY PERMITTED HEREIN. YOU ALSO AGREE THAT THE MARKS MAY NOT BE USED, INCLUDING AS PART OF TRADEMARKS AND/OR AS PART OF DOMAIN NAMES, IN CONNECTION WITH ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE IN ANY MANNER THAT IS LIKELY TO CAUSE CONFUSION AND MAY NOT BE COPIED, IMITATED, OR USED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION OF T+T. YOU AGREE NOT TO CIRCUMVENT, DISABLE OR OTHERWISE INTERFERE WITH SECURITY-RELATED FEATURES OF THE SITE OR FEATURES THAT PREVENT OR RESTRICT USE OR COPYING OF ANY CONTENT OR ENFORCE LIMITATIONS ON USE OF THE SITE OR THE CONTENT THEREIN.
YOU AGREE TO NOT ACCESS OR USE FOR ANY COMMERCIAL PURPOSES ANY PART OF THE SITE, THE SERVICES, OR ANY PRODUCT AVAILABLE OR OBTAINED THROUGH THE SITE OR SERVICES OTHER THAN AS EXPRESSLY PERMITTED BY THESE TERMS OF SERVICE. YOU ALSO MAY NOT USE OUR PRODUCTS FOR ANY ILLEGAL OR UNAUTHORIZED PURPOSE NOR MAY YOU, IN THE USE OF THE SERVICE, VIOLATE ANY LAWS IN YOUR JURISDICTION (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS).
YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT ANY QUESTIONS, COMMENTS, SUGGESTIONS, IDEAS, FEEDBACK, MATERIALS, OR ANY OTHER CONTENT OR INFORMATION PROVIDED BY YOU TO T+T ARE NON-CONFIDENTIAL AND SHALL BECOME THE SOLE PROPERTY OF T+T. T+T SHALL OWN EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS, INCLUDING ALL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, AND SHALL BE ENTITLED TO THE UNRESTRICTED USE AND DISSEMINATION OF SUCH INFORMATION FOR ANY PURPOSE, COMMERCIAL OR OTHERWISE, WITHOUT ACKNOWLEDGMENT OR COMPENSATION TO YOU.
YOUR USE OF THE SITE, ITS CONTENT, AND ANY SERVICES OR PRODUCTS OBTAINED THROUGH THE SITE IS AT YOUR OWN RISK. THE SITE, ITS CONTENT, AND ANY SERVICES OR PRODUCTS OBTAINED THROUGH THE SITE ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" AND "AS AVAILABLE" BASIS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. NEITHER T+T NOR ANY PERSON OR ENTITY ASSOCIATED WITH T+T MAKES ANY WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION WITH RESPECT TO THE COMPLETENESS, SECURITY, RELIABILITY, QUALITY, ACCURACY, OR AVAILABILITY OF THE SITE OR THE SERVICES. WITHOUT LIMITING THE FOREGOING, NEITHER T+T NOR ANY PERSON OR ENTITY ASSOCIATED WITH T+T REPRESENTS OR WARRANTS THAT THE SITE, ITS CONTENT, OR ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE SITE WILL BE ACCURATE, RELIABLE, ERROR-FREE OR UNINTERRUPTED, THAT DEFECTS WILL BE CORRECTED, THAT THE SITE OR THE SERVER THAT MAKES IT AVAILABLE ARE FREE OF VIRUSES OR OTHER HARMFUL COMPONENTS, OR THAT THE SITE OR ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE SITE WILL OTHERWISE MEET YOUR NEEDS OR EXPECTATIONS.
T+T HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
IN NO EVENT WILL T+T, ITS AFFILIATES, OR THEIR LICENSORS, SERVICE PROVIDERS, EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, OFFICERS, OR DIRECTORS BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, UNDER ANY LEGAL THEORY, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH YOUR USE, OR INABILITY TO USE, THE SITE, ANY WEBSITES LINKED TO IT, ANY CONTENT ON THE SITE OR SUCH OTHER WEBSITES, OR ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE SITE OR SUCH OTHER WEBSITES, INCLUDING ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PERSONAL INJURY – INCLUDING ANY INJURY THAT OCCURS WHILE WEARING SHOES OR OTHER PRODUCTS OBTAINED THROUGH THE SITE, PAIN AND SUFFERING, EMOTIONAL DISTRESS, LOSS OF REVENUE, LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS, OR ANTICIPATED SAVINGS, LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF GOODWILL, LOSS OF DATA, AND WHETHER CAUSED BY TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), BREACH OF CONTRACT, OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF FORESEEABLE.
THE LIMITATIONS AND DISCLAIMERS IN THIS SECTION DO NOT PURPORT TO LIMIT LIABILITY OR ALTER YOUR RIGHTS BEYOND WHAT IS PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. T+T'S LIABILITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW.
T+T IS BASED IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA IN THE UNITED STATES. WE PROVIDE THIS SITE FOR USE ONLY BY PERSONS LOCATED IN THE UNITED STATES. WE MAKE NO CLAIMS THAT THE SITE OR ANY OF ITS CONTENT IS ACCESSIBLE OR APPROPRIATE OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES. ACCESS TO THE SITE MAY NOT BE LEGAL BY CERTAIN PERSONS OR IN CERTAIN COUNTRIES. IF YOU ACCESS THE SITE FROM OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES, YOU DO SO ON YOUR OWN INITIATIVE AND ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR COMPLIANCE WITH LOCAL LAWS.
YOU AGREE TO DEFEND, INDEMNIFY, AND HOLD HARMLESS T+T, ITS OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES, AND AGENTS FROM AND AGAINST ANY AND ALL CLAIMS, DAMAGES, OBLIGATIONS, LOSSES, LIABILITIES, COSTS, OR DEBT, AND EXPENSES (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ATTORNEY'S FEES) ARISING FROM YOUR USE OF AND ACCESS TO THE SERVICES, OR YOUR VIOLATION OF THESE TERMS OF SERVICE. THIS DEFENSE AND INDEMNIFICATION OBLIGATION WILL SURVIVE THESE TERMS OF SERVICE AND YOUR USE OF THE SERVICES.
THESE TERMS OF SERVICE, AND ANY RIGHTS AND LICENSES GRANTED HEREUNDER, MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED BY YOU, BUT MAY BE ASSIGNED BY T+T WITHOUT RESTRICTION.
PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING ARBITRATION AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BECAUSE IT REQUIRES YOU AND T+T TO AGREE TO RESOLVE ALL DISPUTES THROUGH BINDING INDIVIDUAL ARBITRATION, UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
ALL CLAIMS AND DISPUTES (EXCLUDING CLAIMS FOR INJUNCTIVE OR OTHER EQUITABLE RELIEF AS SET FORTH BELOW) IN CONNECTION WITH THE AGREEMENT, INCLUDING THE TERMS OF SERVICE, THAT CANNOT BE RESOLVED INFORMALLY OR IN SMALL CLAIMS COURT SHALL BE RESOLVED, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, BY BINDING ARBITRATION ON AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS UNDER THE TERMS OF THIS ARBITRATION AGREEMENT. THIS ARBITRATION AGREEMENT APPLIES TO YOU AND T+T, AND TO ANY SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES, AGENTS, EMPLOYEES, PREDECESSORS IN INTEREST, SUCCESSORS, AND ASSIGNS, AS WELL AS ALL AUTHORIZED OR UNAUTHORIZED USERS OR BENEFICIARIES OF SERVICES OR GOODS PROVIDED UNDER THE TERMS OF SERVICE.
BEFORE EITHER PARTY MAY SEEK ARBITRATION, THE PARTY MUST FIRST SEND TO THE OTHER PARTY A WRITTEN NOTICE OF DISPUTE ("NOTICE") DESCRIBING THE NATURE AND BASIS OF THE CLAIM OR DISPUTE, AND THE REQUESTED RELIEF. A NOTICE TO T+T SHOULD BE SENT TO: 1275 E. 6TH STREET, #104, LOS ANGELES, CA 90021, ATTENTION: LEGAL. AFTER THE NOTICE IS RECEIVED, YOU AND T+T MAY ATTEMPT TO RESOLVE THE CLAIM OR DISPUTE INFORMALLY. IF YOU AND T+T DO NOT RESOLVE THE CLAIM OR DISPUTE WITHIN 30 DAYS AFTER THE NOTICE IS RECEIVED, EITHER PARTY MAY BEGIN AN ARBITRATION PROCEEDING. THE AMOUNT OF ANY SETTLEMENT OFFER MADE BY ANY PARTY MAY NOT BE DISCLOSED TO THE ARBITRATOR UNTIL AFTER THE ARBITRATOR HAS DETERMINED THE AMOUNT OF THE AWARD, IF ANY, TO WHICH EITHER PARTY IS ENTITLED.
ARBITRATION SHALL BE INITIATED THROUGH THE AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION ("AAA"), AN ESTABLISHED ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROVIDER ("ADR PROVIDER") THAT OFFERS ARBITRATION AS SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION. IF AAA IS NOT AVAILABLE TO ARBITRATE, THE PARTIES SHALL AGREE TO SELECT AN ALTERNATIVE ADR PROVIDER. THE RULES OF THE ADR PROVIDER SHALL GOVERN ALL ASPECTS OF THIS ARBITRATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE METHOD OF INITIATING AND/OR DEMANDING ARBITRATION, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT SUCH RULES CONFLICT WITH THE TERMS OF SERVICE. THE AAA CONSUMER ARBITRATION RULES ("ARBITRATION RULES") GOVERNING THE ARBITRATION ARE AVAILABLE ONLINE AT WWW.ADR.ORG OR BY CALLING THE AAA AT 1-800-778-7879. THE ARBITRATION SHALL BE CONDUCTED BY A SINGLE, NEUTRAL ARBITRATOR. ANY CLAIMS OR DISPUTES WHERE THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF THE AWARD SOUGHT IS LESS THAN TEN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS (US $10,000.00) MAY BE RESOLVED THROUGH BINDING NON-APPEARANCE-BASED ARBITRATION, AT THE OPTION OF THE PARTY SEEKING RELIEF. FOR CLAIMS OR DISPUTES WHERE THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF THE AWARD SOUGHT IS TEN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS (US $10,000.00) OR MORE, THE RIGHT TO A HEARING WILL BE DETERMINED BY THE ARBITRATION RULES. ANY HEARING WILL BE HELD IN THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, UNLESS THE PARTIES AGREE OTHERWISE. ANY JUDGMENT ON THE AWARD RENDERED BY THE ARBITRATOR MAY BE ENTERED IN ANY COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION.
IF NON-APPEARANCE ARBITRATION IS ELECTED, THE ARBITRATION SHALL BE CONDUCTED BY TELEPHONE, ONLINE, AND/OR BASED SOLELY ON WRITTEN SUBMISSIONS; THE SPECIFIC MANNER SHALL BE CHOSEN BY THE PARTY INITIATING THE ARBITRATION.
IF ARBITRATION IS INITIATED, THE ARBITRATOR WILL DECIDE THE RIGHTS AND LIABILITIES, IF ANY, OF YOU AND T+T, AND THE DISPUTE WILL NOT BE CONSOLIDATED WITH ANY OTHER MATTERS OR JOINED WITH ANY OTHER CASES OR PARTIES. THE ARBITRATOR SHALL HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO GRANT MOTIONS DISPOSITIVE OF ALL OR PART OF ANY CLAIM. THE ARBITRATOR SHALL HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO AWARD MONETARY DAMAGES AND TO GRANT ANY NON-MONETARY REMEDY OR RELIEF AVAILABLE TO AN INDIVIDUAL UNDER APPLICABLE LAW, THE AAA RULES, AND THE TERMS OF SERVICE. THE ARBITRATOR SHALL ISSUE A WRITTEN AWARD AND STATEMENT OF DECISION DESCRIBING THE ESSENTIAL FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS ON WHICH THE AWARD IS BASED, INCLUDING THE CALCULATION OF ANY DAMAGES AWARDED. THE ARBITRATOR HAS THE SAME AUTHORITY TO AWARD RELIEF ON AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS THAT A JUDGE IN A COURT OF LAW WOULD HAVE. THE AWARD OF THE ARBITRATOR IS FINAL AND BINDING UPON YOU AND T+T.
THE PARTIES HEREBY WAIVE THEIR CONSTITUTIONAL AND STATUTORY RIGHTS TO GO TO COURT AND HAVE A TRIAL IN FRONT OF A JUDGE OR A JURY, INSTEAD ELECTING THAT ALL CLAIMS AND DISPUTES SHALL BE RESOLVED BY ARBITRATION UNDER THIS ARBITRATION AGREEMENT, EXCLUDING CLAIMS FOR INJUNCTIVE OR OTHER EQUITABLE RELIEF AS SET FORTH BELOW. ARBITRATION PROCEDURES ARE TYPICALLY MORE LIMITED, MORE EFFICIENT, AND LESS COSTLY THAN COURT PROCEEDINGS AND ARE SUBJECT TO VERY LIMITED REVIEW BY A COURT. IF ANY LITIGATION SHOULD ARISE BETWEEN YOU AND T+T IN ANY STATE OR FEDERAL COURT IN A SUIT TO VACATE OR ENFORCE AN ARBITRATION AWARD OR OTHERWISE, YOU AND T+T WAIVE ALL RIGHTS TO A JURY TRIAL, INSTEAD ELECTING THAT THE DISPUTE BE RESOLVED BY A JUDGE.
THIS ARBITRATION AGREEMENT WILL SURVIVE THE TERMINATION OF YOUR RELATIONSHIP WITH T+T.
NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, EITHER YOU OR T+T MAY BRING AN INDIVIDUAL ACTION IN SMALL CLAIMS COURT.
TO THE EXTENT THE PARTIES ARE PERMITTED UNDER THESE TERMS OF SERVICE TO INITIATE LITIGATION IN COURT, BOTH YOU AND T+T AGREE THAT ALL CLAIMS AND DISPUTES, INCLUDING STATUTORY CLAIMS AND DISPUTES, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE AGREEMENT, INCLUDING THE TERMS OF SERVICE, SHALL BE GOVERNED IN ALL RESPECTS BY THE SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, WITHOUT REGARD TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PRINCIPLES. YOU AND T+T HEREBY CONSENT TO SUBMIT TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE FEDERAL AND STATE COURTS SITTING IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA FOR ANY ACTIONS, SUITS, OR PROCEEDINGS ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE AGREEMENT, INCLUDING THE TERMS OF SERVICE, THAT ARE NOT SUBJECT TO THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT.
YOU AND T+T AGREE THAT ANY CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THE SERVICES MUST COMMENCE WITHIN ONE (1) YEAR AFTER THE CAUSE OF ACTION ACCRUES. OTHERWISE, SUCH CAUSE OF ACTION IS PERMANENTLY BARRED TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW.
WE WELCOME YOUR COMMENTS OR QUESTIONS ABOUT THESE TERMS OF SERVICE. YOU MAY CONTACT US AT HELLO@TAYLORANDTHOMASLA.COM.
WE ARE COMMITTED TO SAFEGUARDING YOUR INFORMATION.
THIS POLICY APPLIES TO ALL VISITORS, USERS, AND OTHERS WHO ACCESS THE SERVICES. PLEASE READ THE POLICY CAREFULLY TO UNDERSTAND OUR PRACTICES REGARDING YOUR INFORMATION AND HOW WE WILL TREAT IT. BY VISITING THE SITE AND/OR USING THE SERVICES, YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE COLLECTION, USE, AND SHARING OF YOUR INFORMATION WILL TAKE PLACE AS DESCRIBED IN THIS POLICY.
WE COLLECT INFORMATION ABOUT YOU IN SEVERAL WAYS. WE USE THIS INFORMATION TO ENHANCE YOUR EXPERIENCE WITH OUR SERVICES.
WE MAY COLLECT PERSONAL INFORMATION YOU CHOOSE TO PROVIDE TO US. FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN YOU CREATE AN ACCOUNT THROUGH THE SERVICES, YOU PROVIDE US WITH YOUR NAME, E-MAIL ADDRESS, ZIP CODE, AND A PASSWORD. YOU SHOULD KEEP YOUR PASSWORD SECURE AND NOT SHARE IT WITH ANYONE.
IF, AS PART OF YOUR USE OF THE SERVICES, YOU CONNECT YOUR SERVICES ACCOUNT WITH AN ACCOUNT FROM A SUPPORTED SOCIAL NETWORK ACCOUNT, SUCH AS FACEBOOK (A "SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNT"), WE MAY RECEIVE PERSONAL INFORMATION FROM THE CORRESPONDING SOCIAL NETWORK THAT RELATES TO YOUR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNT. PLEASE CHECK THE POLICIES OF THE APPLICABLE SOCIAL NETWORK IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND WHAT INFORMATION WE RECEIVE.
WE MAY USE A THIRD-PARTY SERVICE PROVIDER (DEFINED BELOW) TO AUTOMATICALLY LOG INFORMATION ABOUT YOU AND YOUR COMPUTER OR MOBILE DEVICE, AND HOW YOU USE AND INTERACT WITH THE SERVICES. FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN YOU ACCESS THE SERVICES, WE MAY LOG YOUR OPERATING SYSTEM TYPE, BROWSER TYPE AND LANGUAGE, THE PAGES YOU VIEWED, HOW LONG YOU SPENT ON A PAGE, ACCESS TIMES, INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP) ADDRESS, YOUR MOBILE DEVICE ID, MOBILE DEVICE SERIAL NUMBER, UNIQUE USER ID, WIRELESS CARRIER, AND INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR USE OF AND ACTIONS ON THE SERVICES.
WE MAY LOG INFORMATION USING DIGITAL IMAGES CALLED WEB BEACONS AND PIXELS ON OUR SERVICES OR IN OUR E-MAILS. WE USE WEB BEACONS AND PIXELS TO MANAGE COOKIES, COUNT VISITS, AND TO LEARN WHAT MARKETING WORKS AND WHAT DOES NOT. WE ALSO USE WEB BEACONS AND PIXELS TO TELL IF YOU OPEN OR ACT ON OUR E-MAILS. SIMILAR TO COOKIES, WE USE WEB BEACONS TO IMPROVE YOUR EXPERIENCE ON OUR SERVICES.
WE USE THE INFORMATION THAT WE HAVE ABOUT YOU TO PROVIDE, SUPPORT, PERSONALIZE, AND MAKE OUR SERVICES MORE RELEVANT AND USEFUL TO YOU AND OTHERS.
WE MAY ALSO USE YOUR INFORMATION TO CONTACT YOU ABOUT OUR GOODS AND SERVICES THAT MAY BE OF INTEREST TO YOU. IF YOU DO NOT WANT US TO USE YOUR INFORMATION IN THIS WAY, PLEASE CONTACT US AT HELLO@TAYLORANDTHOMASLA.COM AND WE WILL REMOVE YOU FROM OUR STORE AND EMAIL LISTS. NOTE HOWEVER, THAT EVEN AFTER YOU HAVE REQUESTED THIS REMOVAL, YOU MIGHT CONTINUE TO RECEIVE PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS WHILE WE PROCESS YOUR REQUEST.
WE MAY DISCLOSE AGGREGATED, ANONYMIZED, AND/OR NON-IDENTIFYING INFORMATION ABOUT YOU WITHOUT RESTRICTION. WE WILL NOT DISCLOSE YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION OTHER THAN AS DESCRIBED BELOW.
6. WITH THOSE WHO NEED IT TO DO WORK FOR US (OUR SERVICE PROVIDERS, AS DEFINED BELOW).
IF ANOTHER ENTITY ACQUIRES US OR ANY OF OUR ASSETS, INFORMATION WE HAVE COLLECTED ABOUT YOU MAY BE TRANSFERRED TO SUCH ENTITY. IN ADDITION, IF ANY BANKRUPTCY OR REORGANIZATION PROCEEDING IS BROUGHT BY OR AGAINST US, SUCH INFORMATION MAY BE CONSIDERED AN ASSET OF OURS AND MAY BE SOLD OR TRANSFERRED TO THIRD PARTIES. SHOULD SUCH A SALE OR TRANSFER OCCUR, WE WILL USE REASONABLE EFFORTS TO TRY TO REQUIRE THAT THE TRANSFEREE USE PERSONAL INFORMATION PROVIDED THROUGH THE SERVICES IN A MANNER THAT IS CONSISTENT WITH THIS POLICY. OTHER THAN IN THE VERY LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THIS PARAGRAPH, WE DO NOT AND WILL NOT SELL YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION TO ANYONE.
WE MAY CONTRACT WITH THIRD PARTIES TO PERFORM FUNCTIONS RELATED TO THE SERVICES ("SERVICE PROVIDERS"). IN GENERAL, SERVICE PROVIDERS WILL HAVE ACCESS TO YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION ONLY TO THE EXTENT NEEDED TO PERFORM THEIR BUSINESS FUNCTIONS BUT MAY NOT USE OR SHARE THAT PERSONAL INFORMATION FOR PURPOSES OUTSIDE THE SCOPE OF THEIR FUNCTIONS RELATED TO THE SERVICES.
WE NOTE THAT CERTAIN THIRD-PARTY SERVICE PROVIDERS, SUCH AS PAYMENT GATEWAYS AND PAYMENT TRANSACTION PROCESSORS, LIKE SHOPIFY, HAVE THEIR OWN PRIVACY POLICIES IN RESPECT TO THE INFORMATION WE ARE REQUIRED TO PROVIDE TO THEM FOR YOUR PURCHASE-RELATED TRANSACTIONS. FOR THESE SERVICE PROVIDERS, WE RECOMMEND THAT YOU READ THEIR PRIVACY POLICIES SO YOU CAN UNDERSTAND THE MANNER IN WHICH YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION WILL BE HANDLED BY THEM.
AS AN EXAMPLE, IF YOU ARE LOCATED IN ANOTHER COUNTRY AND YOUR TRANSACTION IS PROCESSED BY A PAYMENT GATEWAY LOCATED IN THE UNITED STATES, THEN YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION USED IN COMPLETING THAT TRANSACTION MAY BE SUBJECT TO DISCLOSURE UNDER UNITED STATES LEGISLATION, INCLUDING THE PATRIOT ACT.
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An Analysis of Pharmaceutical Experience with Decades of Rat Carcinogenicity Testing: Support for a Proposal to Modify Current Regulatory Guidelines
Turner, Oliver and Colman, Karyn and Potenta, Daniel and Sistare, F.D. and Morton, D. and Alden, C. and Christensen, J. and Keller, D. and Jonghe, S.D. and Storer, R.D. and Reddy, M.V. and Kraynak, A. and Trela, B. and Bienvenu, J.G. and Bjurström, S. and Bosmans, v. and Dominick, M. and Evans, J. and Hailey, J.R. and Kinter, L. and Liu, M. and Mahrt, C. and Marien, D and Myer, J. and Perry, R. and Roth, A. and Sherratt, P. and Singer, T. and Slim, r. and Soper, K. and Fransson-Stehn, R. and Stoltz, J. and Turnquist, S. and vanHeerden, M. and Woicke, J. and Degeorge, J.J. (2011) An Analysis of Pharmaceutical Experience with Decades of Rat Carcinogenicity Testing: Support for a Proposal to Modify Current Regulatory Guidelines. Toxicologic Pathology, 39 (4). pp. 716-744. ISSN 0192-6233
Official URL: http://tpx.sagepub.com/content/39/4/716
Data collected from 182 marketed and nonmarketed pharmaceuticals demonstrate that there is little value gained in conducting a rat two-year carcinogenicity study for compounds that lack: (1) histopathologic risk factors for rat neoplasia in chronic toxicology studies, (2) evidence of hormonal perturbation, and (3) positive genetic toxicology results. Using a single positive result among these three criteria as a test for outcome in the two-year study, fifty-two of sixty-six rat tumorigens were correctly identified, yielding 79% test sensitivity. When all three criteria were negative, sixty-two of seventy-six pharmaceuticals (82%) were correctly predicted to be rat noncarcinogens. The fourteen rat false negatives had two-year study findings of questionable human relevance. Applying these criteria to eighty-six additional chemicals identified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as likely human carcinogens and to drugs withdrawn from the market for carcinogenicity concerns confirmed their sensitivity for predicting rat carcinogenicity outcome. These analyses support a proposal to refine regulatory criteria for conducting a two-year rat study to be based on assessment of histopathologic findings from a rat six-month study, evidence of hormonal perturbation, genetic toxicology results, and the findings of a six-month transgenic mouse carcinogenicity study. This proposed decision paradigm has the potential to eliminate over 40% of rat two-year testing on new pharmaceuticals without compromise to patient safety
Rat, Carcinogenicity testing, modify current practice

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Na'im Akbar
Na'im Akbar is a clinical psychologist well known for his Afro-centric approach to psychology. He is a distinguished scholar, public speaker, and author.[1] Akbar entered the world of Black psychology in the 1960s, as the Black Power Movement was gaining momentum.[2] In the 1970s, Akbar published his first critiques of the Eurocentric psychological tradition, asserting that this model maintained the intellectual oppression of African Americans. Akbar criticized the pathology perspectives that had taken over as the dominant literature on African Americans.[3] Many of his major works involved mental health among African Americans.
Luther Benjamin Weems Jr.
University of Michigan, Morehouse College, Nation of Islam, Norfolk State University, Florida State University
Darwin, Dostoyevsky
Na'im Akbar, originally named Luther Benjamin Weems Jr., was born on April 26, 1944, in Tallahassee, Florida.[1] He attended the Florida A & M University Laboratory School, an all-Black school, from kindergarten through high school, and graduated from high school in 1961.[4] As a child of Black middle class parents, Akbar was in an unusual situation at the time as both of his parents were college educated, a rare circumstance for a Black child growing up at the time. His childhood was spent in a segregated southern community in Tallahassee, but he lived in a unique community where "academic excellence was the unquestioned standard".[4] At a time when Black people lived in both socially and economically oppressed segregated communities, this emphasis on academic excellence was fairly uncommon.
Upon graduating high school, Akbar moved on to the University of Michigan, where he completed his B.A. in Psychology, M.A. in Clinical Psychology, and Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology.[5] Heavily influenced by the Black student movement at the University of Michigan, and freshly aware of racial tensions (his freshman year at Michigan marked his first personal contact with Whites), Akbar became active with the Black Action Movement (BAM) strike which shut down classes at the University of Michigan for three weeks in the late 1960s.[4] His experiences at Michigan helped to set the stage for Akbar to start questioning the normative status quo approach to psychology, which was dominant at the time. Akbar relates that the environment at Michigan lead to "the early conversations that we began to have about a 'Black Psychology', and to deconstruct the psychology that we had been taught".[4]
Working towards his Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology, Akbar wrote a dissertation called "Power Themes among Negro and White Paranoid and non-Paranoid Schizophrenics".[4] In his dissertation, Akbar sought to define and explore the distinctive literature discussing definitions of psychology and mental health for Black people. Through this work, Akbar began to seriously question many of the accepted definitions of mental health for Black people, which had their genesis in European American psychology. Akbar credits this time in his career as the defining point about which his future work would be forged.[4]
After obtaining his Ph.D. from the University of Michigan, Akbar moved to Atlanta to work for the psychology department at Morehouse College, a historically Black college.[1] At Morehouse, Akbar designed and taught the first Black psychology course in the history of the college, and eventually developed the first Black psychology program at the college.[4] After two years of working at Morehouse, Akbar was named chair of the Psychology Department there.[1] Three years later, Akbar left Morehouse to work at the Nation of Islam's headquarters in Chicago.[1] Around this time, Akbar changed his name to Luther X, after joining the Nation of Islam and then later to Na'im Akbar after joining the Muslim American Community of Imam Warith Deen Mohammed then named "The World Community of Al-Islam in The West". Akbar created the Office of Human Development, where he remained for two years until he went back to teaching and accepted a position at Norfolk State University, a historically Black university located in Norfolk, Virginia.[4] As an Associate Professor at Norfolk, Akbar crafted and taught courses in Black psychology.[1]
Akbar then moved on to accept a faculty position at Florida State University back in his hometown of Tallahassee, Florida, where he continued to teach courses in Black psychology.[5] In 1971, Akbar joined the Association of Black Psychologists (ABPsi), which is the largest professional organization with focuses on Black mental health in the world.[1] Since becoming active in the organization, Akbar has served on the board numerous times, and served as the President of the ABPsi from 1987 to 1988.[6] Additionally, Akbar has served on the editorial board of the Journal of Black Studies and was the associate editor of the Journal of Black Psychology for eight years.[7]
After teaching at Florida State University for 28 years, Akbar retired in 2008 so that he could put more time and effort into his role as the president of his private consulting and publishing company.[5] Akbar created the private consulting company, Na'im Akbar Consultants, and the publishing company, Mind Productions, in the late 1980s in efforts to broaden his teaching audience.[1] Throughout his career, Akbar has become a distinguished author, writing numerous books and speaking publicly to share his expertise at conferences and interviews. His major contributions to the field of psychology have been centered on the topics of developing an African-centered approach in modern psychology – which for Akbar involves the deconstruction of Eurocentric psychological thought and the subsequent reconstruction/construction of an African psychology that includes the specific historical and cultural experiences of African Americans.[4] Other key topics in Akbar's life work involving the African American family and relationships, cultural diversity, and the Afro-centric perspective.[5]
Mental Disorder Among African Americans (1991)[8]Edit
In his 1991 paper "Mental Disorder Among African Americans," Akbar maintains his Afro-centric view of psychology, and criticizes the Euro-centric normative definitions of mental illness that were historically used to classify and label numbers of African Americans as mentally ill. Akbar called this abuse "intellectual oppression," and argued that African Americans should create their own definitions of "normal" and "abnormal" that made meaningful use of an African worldview and was culturally relevant to African Americans. Akbar attributed the failure of society to question these white normative traditions to a phenomenon he called "democratic sanity," which he paralleled to a majority-rules system. Historically, normality was understood as a function of the behaviors of the majority of the people; thus, when judging African Americans with reference to the behaviors of the dominant class, any deviations in behavior may be considered insane. Akbar subsequently raises questions about the standards used to judge the sanity of African Americans and maintained that cultural considerations were necessary to adequately assess the mental health of African Americans.
In this paper, Akbar identifies four categories of mental illness among African Americans:
The Alien-Self Disorder
The Anti-Self Disorder
The Self Destructive Disorders
Organic Disorders
According to Akbar, the "alien-self" disorder is characterized by an individual who rejects their own natural dispositions, and thereby acts in detriment to their survival. This individual is materialistic and denies the social realities of their social and political oppression. He/She attempts to "live in a dream world," without acknowledging racism, and thus lives in conflict with their true identity. Such an afflicted individual often tries to live as though he/she were a member of the dominant class; he/she seeks to join exclusive clubs and live in exclusive neighborhoods. As a result, this individual ultimately belongs to neither the dominant (European American), nor oppressed (African American) groups, and thus commits himself to a life of identity confusion and ultimately loneliness.
The "anti-self" disorder is similar to the alien-self disorder, but goes a step further and actively holds negative impressions and views of his group. Individuals with this disorder "represent the true 'colonized mentality,'" meaning that they so desire to be part of the dominant group that they take on their very views and dispositions to the detriment of the individual's group of origin. According to Akbar, the danger in this disorder is that individuals feel comfortable with their alien identification, and are thus unlikely to seek help. Akbar relates that the anti-self disorder is worse than the alien-self disorder, because the individual with the anti-self disorder is more out of contact with reality and is thus more disturbed.
According to Akbar, "victims of self-destructive disorders are the most direct victims of oppression" because oppression is unnatural and inhuman and thus drives the oppressed away from reality. Those with self-destructive disorders try to survive in the hostile environment that oppression creates, but ultimately fail and become self-defeating. These individuals have failed to survive and grow within the society, which systematically oppresses them, and resorts to self-deprecating tactics like doing drugs or becoming a prostitute. Akbar believes that black-on-black crime is a result of self-destructive disorders, and posits that alcoholics and druggies resort to a world of chemical fantasies instead of dealing with their own realities.
Organic disorders derive from physiological, neurological, or biochemical failures. Individuals belonging to this group of disorders are severely mentally defective, and overlap greatly with disorders traditionally recognized as schizophrenia. Although traditionally viewed as a physical condition, Akbar posits that organic disorders may stem in part from a disordered and defective environment. According to Akbar, "the oppressive system remains the essential cause of mental disorder within the African American community." Akbar relates that the trend towards charging all types of mental illnesses as organic in nature is merely an effort to downplay the influence of society on mental stability. The African American practitioner must therefore consider such societal influences on mental conditions and look at the social, political, and historical contexts of the patient in considering diagnosis and treatment. Akbar concludes that the creation of an African American definition of normalcy is necessary, and until such a definition is formed, African Americans remain subjects to the power and authority of the dominant community.
Nigrescence and Identity: Some Limitations[9]Edit
In this reaction paper to William E. Cross Jr.'s Nigrescence Model of African American identity development, Akbar reviews some of the limitations that he sees in the model and others articles that have expanded upon Cross' model. Akbar notes that Cross' theory was drafted as a reaction to the sociopolitical environment at the time, specifically his observations that African Americans in the 1960s began changing their self-perceptions and social behaviors. As such, Akbar relates that Cross' theory must be understood as a reaction to this phenomenon. Akbar's two major qualms with Cross' theory, and the related papers by Parham and Helms, is that 1) the model fails to account for the view that the Black identity is the core context of the self, and 2) the model fails to account for the centrality of spirituality in conceptualization of the Black personality, a crucial element in the Afro-centric perspective.
Akbar also takes issue with the idea that a secure Black identity was realized when the African American became comfortable forging relationships with members of other ethnic groups and cultures. According to Akbar, it makes more sense if a secure Black identity was evident when one was comfortable establishing and maintaining relationships with one's own racial/cultural group members. He likened Cross' reasoning to an adoption of the alien-self disorder, and argued that Cross' assumption was flawed.
Additionally, Akbar discussed a potential alternative path of identity formation, not addressed in Cross' model – the affirmation of one's racial/cultural identity through a positive, rather than a negative encounter. He cited the example of Malcolm X's "real" immersion, which he argues came 20 years after his encounter. This immersion was a result of spiritual change and a personal commitment to the teachings of Elijah Muhammed. Akbar argues that such a path results in a natural emergence of racial/cultural identity, rather than the forced emergence of an identity after a negative encounter. Akbar goes on to say that this positive encounter seems to lead to a more stable identity formation that the one that emerges from a negative encounter, and he cites Malcolm X and W.E.B. Du Bois as examples of this phenomenon.
Akbar also addresses some of the relevant issues regarding Cross' model of Nigrescence and its translation to counseling. Akbar relates that the major unresolved issue for counseling purposes is a problem of definitional clarity. Different counseling solutions are dependent on the perceived cause of African American identity formation; identity formation as a result of a negative encounter or negative social experiences should result in different counseling from identity formation due to a positive encounter, or the affirmation of one's racial/cultural core identity.
Visions for Black Men (1991)[10]Edit
In "Visions for Black Men," written in 1991, Akbar relates the necessity for Black men to rise to their full potential as leaders in the home and in the community.[11] Akbar wrote the book to try and empower Black men worldwide to become self-determined and fulfill their due roles in society. In the book, Akbar makes a careful distinction between being a male and being a man. To be a man, Akbar relates, is to be conscious of themselves, their actions, and their environments, and to take responsibility for their actions and inactions. Akbar refers to Marcus Garvey, Elijah Muhammad, Imam Warith D. Mohammed, Booker T. Washington, Martin Luther King, Paul Robeson, and Cheikh Anta Diop as examples of Black men who were leaders and advocates of change.
"I'm trying to get you free" (2003)Edit
Akbar released this spoken word compact disk in 2003, with the goal of spreading his beliefs to a broader audience. When he states "I'm trying to get you free," Akbar is referring to obtaining a collective freedom of the mind for African Americans. One of Akbar's key philosophies was that true freedom for African Americans was necessitated on a collective cultural perspective viewed from a framework that incorporated the historical and cultural experiences of African Americans. On this disk, Akbar relates such words as, "We are a magical people;" "We are not just Americans;" "Don't you know what we been through in this land?" in attempts to convey that African Americans have a long and powerful history that they should be proud of.[12]
Awards and recognitionsEdit
A distinguished scholar, author, and speaker, Dr. Na'im Akbar has accumulated numerous awards and recognitions throughout his career. He was awarded the Distinguished Psychologist Award from the National Association of Black Psychologists, and Honorary Doctorates of Humane Letters from Edinboro University in Pennsylvania and Lincoln University.[5] Akbar has also be given commemorative days on his behalf in six major cities across the United States, and was named a Development Chief in Ghana, West Africa.[13] Dr. Akbar has also served on the Boards of Directors of numerous organizations, including the National Association of Black Psychologists, for which he served as the president from 1987 to 1988.[1] Akbar has been featured in newspapers and magazines both nationally and internationally, including The Washington Post and Essence Magazine.[5]
Published workEdit
Akbar, Na'im (1984). Chains and Images of Psychological Slavery.
Akbar, Na'im (1985). The Community of Self.
Akbar, Na'im (1992). Visions for Black Men.
Akbar, Na'im (1994). Light from Ancient Africa.
Akbar, Na'im (1996). Breaking the Chains of Psychological Slavery.
Akbar, Na'im (1998). Know Thyself.
Akbar, Na'im (2004). Akbar Papers In African Psychology.
Akbar, Na'im (August 1974). "Awareness: The Key to Black Mental Health". Journal of Black Psychology. 1 (1): 30–37.
Akbar, Na'im (2004). Rhythmic Pattern in African Personality in "African Philosophy, Assumption & Paradigms for Research on Black Persons". Los Angeles. pp. 175–189.
Akbar, Na'im (1979). African roots of black personality. Washington, DC: University Press of America.
Akbar, Na'im (1981). "Mental Disorder Among African Americans". Black Books Bulletin. 5 (2): 18–25.
Akbar, Na'im (1984). "Africentric social science for human liberation". The Journal of Black Studies. 14 (4): 395–414.
Akbar, Na'im (1985). Our destiny: Authors of a scientific revolution. "In H. McAdoo and J. McAdoo (Eds.) Black children: Social, educational and parental environments.". Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
Akbar, Na'im (1985). Nile Valley origins of the science of mind. New Brunswick, NJ: Journal of African Civilization.
Akbar, Na'im (1991). Mental disorder among African Americans.
Akbar, Na'im (1994). Light from ancient Africa. Tallahassee, FL: Mind Productions & Associates, Inc.
Akbar, Na'im (2001). I'm trying to get you free. Tallahassee, FL: Mind Productions & Associates, Inc.
^ a b c d e f g h i "Na'im Akbar - The HistoryMakers". Retrieved 24 December 2016.
^ "Connect Platform - Error Message". Retrieved 24 December 2016.
^ a b c d e f g h i Jamison, DeReef. "I'm Trying To Get You Free: Na'im Akbar, African Psychology and the Reconstruction of the Collective Black Mind". Retrieved 24 December 2016.
^ a b c d e f [2]
^ "The Association of Black Psychologists (ABPsi) - About ABPsi - History". Retrieved 24 December 2016.
^ ElectroNet Intermedia Consulting. "Dr. Na'im Akbar offers insight and analysis of the social concerns affecting African-Americans". Naimakbar.com. Retrieved 2011-12-17.
^ Akbar, Na'im (1991). Mental disorder among African Americans.
^ Akbar, Na'im (1989). Nigrescence and identity: Some limitations.
^ Akbar, Na'im (1991). Visions for Black Men. Mind Productions & Associates.
^ "GeoReview: Visions For Black Men". Retrieved 24 December 2016.
^ Video on YouTube
Na'm Akbar website
Books by Na'im Akbar
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Na%27im_Akbar&oldid=903755304"


For centuries, residents of the Ningxia district of northern China have enjoyed the astonishing health and longevity supporting benefits of the wolfberry that grows there.** However, due to the Ningxia region's physical and political isolation, knowledge of this potent superfruit remained relatively hidden from Western culture—until recently.
In 1993, as Young Living Founder, President, and CEO D. Gary Young was traveling the world seeking the natural secrets of life, energy, and vitality, he was introduced to Chinese scientist Dr. Songqiao Chao. Dr. Chao told Gary about a delicious berry that had been prized for thousands of years in China for its powerful health supporting benefits. He further explained that the people who regularly ingested this berry led remarkably long and healthy lives.
By combining the wolfberry with pure essential oils, Gary created the world's foremost functional beverage, NingXia Red®. Young Living is proud to offer you the only nutrient drink on the market that combines whole Chinese wolfberries and pure, therapeutic-grade essential oils into a single beverage that tastes as good as it is good for you: NingXia Red.
BENEFIT: The reformulated NingXia Red now includes seven times more essential oils! These carefully selected oils include orange and lemon, known for their ability to help maintain normal cellular regeneration. They also contain high levels of the powerful antioxidant d-limonene, which is an important marker for bioactivity. Bioactives are natural compounds that work in harmony with your body to promote the healthy function of a wide variety of systems. NingXia Red also features tangerine essential oil, prized for its fresh flavor and its effect on maintaining cholesterol levels already in the normal range. Exotic yuzu essential oil has been included for its uniquely delicious aroma, flavor, and high antioxidant content.
These pure and potent essential oils blend synergistically and deliciously with the other components of NingXia Red to support normal digestive health, healthy immune function, normal brain function, a healthy cardiovascular system, and much more. No other nutrient-infused beverage can come close to the beneficial essential oil content of NingXia Red!
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BENEFIT: The wolfberries sourced for NingXia Red hail from the Ningxia province in northern China. This superfruit has one of the highest percentages of fiber of any whole food and contains zeaxanthin—a carotenoid important to maintaining healthy vision. It also contains polysaccharides, amino acids, and symbiotic vitaminmineral pairs that when present together promote optimum internal absorption. By using whole wolfberry puree—juice, peel, seeds, and fruit—Young Living is able to maintain more of the desired health-supporting benefits in every bottle of NingXia Red.
BENEFIT: Highlighting the supporting fruits found in NingXia Red is a patented grape seed extract that contain polyphenolic compounds that may help support a healthy cardiovascular system. Additionally blueberry, plum, aronia, cherry, and pomegranate juice contains naturally high levels of anthocyanins and polyphenols, which block oxygen-based free radicals from damaging body tissues. Maintaining a diet rich in these powerful antioxidants is a recommended way to help prevent against a myriad of health risks and maintain healthy bodily functions.
You can never have too much NingXia Red! The 750-ml bottles are available in two, four, six, and eight packs, allowing you to enjoy even more of this power-packed beverage. Perfect for hosting tasting parties, larger families, or simply keeping an ample supply on hand, NingXia Red will help keep you and those close to you feeling energized, fortified, and revitalized every day.
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*Prices subject to change, visit Young Living website for up to date pricing.


These Q-tip Color Dominoes are super easy to make and improve many important skills in toddlers!
I've made these in about 4 minutes tops and all I needed was some q-tips and permanent markers, it doesn't get easier than this! And my kiddo (2) loved these. He was busy matching, building shapes with them and sorting. It was so awesome to see him so concentrated, excited and busy!
Take a look below to see how easy the instructions are or watch this Quick Tutorial!
Using the permanent markers, color the ends of the q-tips, alternating the colors. That's it!
Rules are simple: the child must match up the colors at the ends of the q-tips and work up until all of the q-tips are used. Or they can build colorful structures like my daughter (4) did!
This is a great activity for toddlers that will keep them concentrated, entertained and busy, so mama's toss that cold morning coffee and make your self a new one!
GRAB SOME Q-TIPS TODAY AND MAKE THESE EASY DOMINOES FOR YOUR TODDLERS!


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HomeNW RepresentationPaul, Wyden, Polis, and Massie defend hemp
Paul, Wyden, Polis, and Massie defend hemp
January 18, 2018 News NW Representation Comments Off on Paul, Wyden, Polis, and Massie defend hemp
Washington: Sen. Rand Paul, R-Ky.; Sen. Ron Wyden, D-Ore.; Rep. Jared Polis, D-Colo.; and Rep. Tom Massie, R-Ky.; defended hemp farmers and businesses, authoring an amicus brief to the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in the Hemp Industries Assn, et. al. v. D.E.A. case.
Hemp farmers and businesses filed the case after the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) instituted a rule that classifies parts of hemp and its extracts as a Schedule I drug. Labeling hemp as a Schedule I drug directly contradicts the 2014 Farm Bill, in which Congress defines hemp as any part of the plant that contains "not more than 0.3 percent [THC]." It also jeopardizes a bipartisan, congressionally-established program that allows states the freedom to research and develop hemp without interference from the federal government. States, universities, and private industry have followed through and created a bourgeoning hemp industry that is estimated at $1 billion.
Read the official brief here.
"Congress took a common-sense step in 2014 by making it legal to grow industrial hemp for research in the United States, yet the DEA remains strangely fixated on lurching this policy backward to prohibit American farmers from legally growing this crop. It's time to end this unfounded campaign against hemp so hardworking American farmers and entrepreneurs can grow, produce and sell products from this crop that has vast potential to bolster our country's economy," said Sen. Wyden.
"We have made too much progress on removing government restrictions on this vital resource to allow it to be threatened by overzealous regulators. Left unchallenged, the DEA's decision could devastate a resurging industry. By filing this amicus brief, we are standing up for the farmers, universities, small businesses, and states that are already benefiting from greater freedom to research and use industrial hemp," said Sen. Paul.
"It is a joke to classify hemp as a Schedule I drug. People don't smoke hemp. They use it as paper, lotion, clothing, biofuel, and so much more," said Polis. "The DEA needs to stop cracking down on the hemp ice cream we give our kids and get its priorities straight. Congress may not agree on much these days, but we did agree that states should be allowed to foster a hemp industry, free from federal interference, just like in the time of our founding fathers. The DEA has no choice but to follow Congress's intent, and I am hopeful the courts will side with Congress and hemp farmers everywhere."
"The DEA is distorting the clear language of our amendment. Industrial hemp is a sustainable crop and represents a great economic opportunity for Kentucky farmers. This crop should never have been banned in our country," said Rep. Massie.
The court will begin hearing arguments on Feb. 15.
Jaime Herrera Beutler to host telephone town hall on January 22
40 Senators stand up to protect Consumer Bureau's independence


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Cultural Collection and Celebs Galore
Posted by Maryanne Salvat On March - 27 - 2013
By: Mary Jo Almeida-Shore
Cultural Collection at The James Royal Palm The James Royal Palm celebrated its official launch party along with the debut of Miami's first-ever Cultural Collection on February 27, alongside marquee partners: the New World Symphony (NWS), Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA), National YoungArts Foundation (YoungArts) and Public Schoolfashion house, at a unique gathering, which brought these creative forces under one roof on the same night for the first time. More than 500 VIP influencers, socialites and philanthropists came together to experience the unveiling of their exclusive collaborative pieces for an unforgettable night dedicated to the arts. The collaboration united Miami's cultural leaders to showcase this new approach to Miami hospitality. Stylish guests dodged an unseasonal drizzle while engaging in the multi-sensory experiences throughout the evening. MOCA transformed The James Royal Palm's South Shore bar into a private screening room, showcasing the best of its Optic Nerve series, and a special installation by the TM Sisters was projected along the ceiling of the lobby entrance and pool deck. The James' ongoing collaboration with MOCA will feature access to special events hosted by the MOCA Leadership Circle, a dynamic network of international professionals and young collectors. YoungArts converted the Florida Cookery Patio into an exclusive lounge and showcased pop-up performances by some of the institution's leading singers and hip-hop dancers, who entertained guests on the pool deck. YoungArts' artists also presented a variety of commissioned uniform sketches of Public School designs, which hung on display in the breezeway. The James Royal Palm and YoungArts, a nonprofit organization that identifies and supports the next generation of American artists, will bring specialty projects and events to the hotel throughout the year. NWS featured three exclusive pop-up performances throughout the evening. America's orchestral academy performed a carefully curated selection of works ranging from classical to contemporary pieces and interacted with the modern beats played by DJ Mia Moretti and Caitlin Moe. For this partnership, the New World Symphony has integrated its unique program elements into the guest experience at The James Royal Palm. Public School, New York City famed fashion house, lined the entrance of the breezeway with a runway of models showcasing The James Royal Palm's signature and exclusive uniform designs. Notable guests at the party included:Bonnie Clearwater, Jorge Pantoja, Tracey Robertson Carter (MOCA); Stacey Glassman-Mizener, Nathalie Cadet-James (NWS); Dao-Yi Chow, Maxwell Osbourne (Public School); Paul T. Lehr, Lisa Leone Sarah Arison, Anthony Spinello (YoungArts); Nick D'Annunzio and Tara Solomon to name a few.
photo courtesy World Red Eye
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I enjoyed our walk, but want to know what the sweet was at the end!! The photo was tantalizing. I was interested in what you said about Isla Canela having no heart. I do believe there are places with more "heart" or less. By that I mean vibrancy, street life, warm and friendly people. Is that what you mean?
That's fantastic! Yes, please 🙂 🙂 I'll be over to read it soon.
Thanks, Eunice. 🙂 🙂 Just back from a local Todos a Caminhar and I need to bash on writing this week's walk. It's cloudy and Mick's doing DIY so I'm free.
Not sure how I missed this on Monday, or maybe I simply lost the day altogether. I'm envying you all the blue. Lovely to have a close up shot of the broom. What fabulous plant.
Hiya, darlin! 🙂 🙂 When you don't comment, Tish, I assume it's because you're beavering away on a project while I simply lollop through my days.
Well, I almost missed this one too! Goodness knows where my head has been all week. Anyway better late than never. And I even have a walk to share with you from my favourite garden. Won't be published until Wednesday though so I might link it with your next Monday walk if I remember! I can't see me walking with a huge group like that, but I am glad you do as you capture some lovely landscapes. Very flat though. Which is why I suppose the sky dominates in your photos, a bit like in Norfolk. Have a lovely weekend!
Flat was part of the attraction, after some of the hills we've climbed lately 🙂 🙂 But also curiosity about other places. Although the numbers were great we were walking on our own for quite a bit of the time. You go at your own pace. The local ones are much smaller events with a hundred or so max. 🙂 Today has been a combination of chocolate festival, a couple of churches and shopping for an awning, with Marie. Rock and roll party tomorrow afternoon! Never a dull moment 🙂 Thank you!
Waiting for my old age so I can put my feet up. 🙂 🙂 Going to have to go out for supper too, as there's not much in to eat. 🙂 Half a bar of exceedingly nice chocolate… Happy weekend!
Really enjoyed the dazzle of Punta del Moral, Jo. Your writing and the photos took us away to this watery place surrounded by bright blue skies, magical broom, and wonderful vistas. Thanks so much for this momentary escape to Spain.
You would have loved this landscape and the bird life, Jet. 🙂 🙂 Nice to be able to take you there virtually. Thanks, hon!
Your landscape photography never fails to wow me and with Punta del Moral ensconced in Bridal Bloom you've outdone yourself yet again. I've just realized at this very moment that we are now sharing the same ocean once again although sadly, our current plans have us sailing across to the western side of it. Still, I have dreams of finding my way to you and I may just yet get there under sail. Am glad you opted to move to a place with heart. But still, I am curious. Why do the apartments at the Isla Canela empty?
Your walks seem to look even nicer at this time of year Jo, perhaps its comparing them to some of the dodgy weather we've been having. Glorious today down here in the New Forest so maybe we'll be able to get a couple of walks like yours.
I think I spotted some white broom a couple of roads away but it isn't as far open as yours here, so I'll have to go back and check! Lovely photos darling, and the photos don't show Canela as heartless, but I can imagine what you mean, it takes decades to grow a character, a bit like it does for people! Hugs my lovely!


Craig, scrolling back to your comment about safety. Are you concerned about not having enough rigs and crews, or about the road cutting off access to north/south areas?
Is anyone happy with the highway system in NWI?
showed how grossly the states transportation departments overstate usage?
Happy might be a strong word. But is it functional the way it is, given our proximity to Chicago? I would say yes.
Don't you think we should fix our problems with our existing roads before building a new one..I do not know about your roads, but are roads are not that great. And the plows cannot even properly plow rt 41 in the areas that this road is going. This road is going to divide the town of Lowell, we have a Volunteer Fire Dept, some north and south roads are going to be closed. What is this going to do to the homeowners wells in this area which has already been addressed with no answer..They want to shove this road thru, without taking into the problems it will create and not providing the answers.
Indiana's credit is darned good. A $2 billion surplus puts the state in good shape.
I agree with bearo7 and said it earlier tonight. Let's fix/enhance what we have before taking this drastic step.
Rich, not all of the farmers in south county plan to ever sell their farms.
families. Where do you get your facts?
From what I've seen, DeMotte is becoming the affordable housing area for people who work in Lake County.
Yes, Indiana's fiscal conservatism has built a solid credit rating, Doug.
There has been sprawl since Plymouth Rock. It isn't a four-letter word.
Doug we are a vol. dept. limited by availability of the vol. Tri Creek Amb. services all of thisarea . we have two ALS units and 4 paramedic 24 7. there stands a chance with the thousand of proposed trucks a day that my EMS will not be there when my residents need them.
Creating infrastructure for commerce -- the ability to move goods between markets -- is a vital function of government.
I don't argue with the need for vital infrastructure. I think we have it already. I also feel there are ways to better use -- and plan for the use of -- the assets we have. The Illiana just doesn't make sense in that context.
Thanks, Doug. You hit the nail on the head.
Again, Craig, that's an issue that needs to be discussed. Maybe your department needs more funding. Ultimately, maybe there's a better way to deliver that service.
Gina, I'm not suggesting they move; I just noticed they've begun to do so.
This would be a whole lot simpler if the comment section on this site worked.
The 1950s brought the baby boomers and the need for all kind of things, including subdivisions in suburbia.
Sorry about that, Craig. And sorry to everyone else. We'll try to troubleshoot that in time for the next chat. In the meantime, if you want to comment, follow the instructions above.
Because the state said it would be too expensive to fix the Cline,,(joke)...Look at the congestion that has caused.
Hand up. Crowded, yes. But it's still a quick route from point A to point B most days, and the traffic is to be expected in a metro area of this size.
Ward, can we avoid insults and keep this civil?
But did you notice the congestion? Did you get boxed in by trucks? I did.
Rich, I would strongly disagree that us in the south would ever be begging for the Illiana.


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Child Counseling | Meaning Centered | Cynthia Wimberly PhD
Cynthia Wimberly, PhD
Meaning-Centered Brief Counseling
for the Children of Health Care Providers
Cynthia Wimberly, PhD has over forty years of experience working with children, adolescents and parents in both public schools and private settings in Texas. She recently retired in 2018 as Chair of the Department of Counseling at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley in South Texas, has stayed active in the field and joining us during this public health need to help the children of our medical providers.
Dr. Wimberly's research interests include the areas of meaning, values, leadership and school counseling, especially as these apply to the school age population. She is a Diplomate Clinician and very active Teaching Faculty in the Viktor Frankl Institute of Logotherapy, where she serves as Vice-President and mentor to those training in this meaning-centered approach. She has received numerous awards in her work in Logotherapy , including the Joseph B. Fabry Founder's Award given in June 2019 from the Viktor Frankl Institute.
Dr. Wimberly provides an eclectic approach to her counseling work with children, and in keeping with the commitments of Logotherapy, supports the development of healthy, age-appropriate responsibility with cognitive and behavioral strategies and encouragement to grow, even in times of suffering.
This short-term counseling intervention of 4-7 sessions focuses on the caring encouragement and stabilization of stressed children from the ages of 12 through high school.
2006 PhD – Counselor Education, Texas Tech University
1990 MSEd – Counseling and Human Development, Hardin-Simmons University, Abilene, TX
1983 MA – History, Hardin-Simmons University, Abilene, TX
1979 BA – History, McMurry University, Abilene, TX
2018 – present – Independent Consulting Practice
2016- 2018 – Chair, Department of Counseling and Guidance, University of Texas-Rio Grande Valley
2016 – Interim Chair, Department of Counseling and Guidance, University of Texas-Rio Grande Valley
2016-2018 – Associate Professor, Full Graduate Faculty Status, University of Texas-Rio Grande Valley,
2015-2016 – Counseling and Guidance Program Coordinator, University of Texas-Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg Campus
2014-2016 – Associate Professor, Full Graduate Faculty Status, University of Texas-Pan American
2013-2015 – Guidance and Counseling Program Coordinator, University of Texas-Pan American
2011-2013 – School Counselor Program Coordinator, University of Texas-Pan American
2008-2014 – Assistant Professor, Full Graduate Faculty Status, University of Texas-Pan American
2004-2008 – Counselor, Lincoln Elementary School, Monroe City Schools, Monroe, Louisiana
2007 – Director, After School/Saturday Tutorial Program, Lincoln Elementary School,, Monroe, Louisiana
2007 – Adjunct Faculty: EDLE 500 Using Data for School Improvement, University of Louisiana, Monroe, Louisiana
2007 – Director, Summer School Program, Lincoln Elementary School, Monroe, Louisiana
2004- 2006 – Adjunct Faculty: EDFN 581 Research in Education, University of Louisiana, Monroe Louisiana
2001- 2004 – Counselor/District Testing Coordinator, Olton Independent School District, Olton, Texas
2003 – Director, Summer School Program Migrant Students, Olton Independent School District, Texas
1998-2000 – Instructor: History, Western Texas College, Snyder, Texas
1988-2001 – Director of Guidance and Counseling, Stamford Independent School District, Texas
1999-2001 Wetherbee Alternative Campus and Pre K-6
1988-1999 Wetherbee Alternative Campus (Grades K-12, Grades 7-12): Coordinator, Safe and Drug Free Schools, Personal and Group Counseling, Coordinator for Pregnancy Education and Parenting (PEP) Program, Vocational Counseling
1987 – Instructor of History, McMurry University, Abilene, Texas
1980- 1988 – Classroom teacher: Social Studies, grades 7-12
ACTIVE PROFESSIONAL LICENSES AND CERTIFICATIONS
2011 American Red Cross Foundation of Disaster Mental Health Certification
2010 Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor, Texas
2006 National Certified School Counselor
2006 National Certified Counselor
2005 Clinical Diplomate, Viktor Frankl Institute of Logotherapy
1993 Licensed Professional Counselor, Texas
1991 All-level School Counselor Certification, Texas
1985 Texas Teacher Certification, Social Studies Composite
1980 Texas Teacher Certification, History and English
"Everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the last of the human freedoms
—to choose one's attitude in any given set of circumstances, to choose one's own way."
-Viktor Frankl, Man's Search for Meaning
NEW CLIENT CONTACT FORM
$250 – New Client, 60-minute Initial Evaluation with Family via private Zoom
$775 – Package of three 60-minute follow-ups online, via private Zoom
$45 for 10 minutes for email, phone contacts and paperwork requests
$80 for 15-20 minute quick Zoom check-ins
Because children and young people process life differently than do adults, Dr. Wimberly provides age-appropriate counseling interventions for the adolescent children of providers that are different from one might be used for the adults in their lives. This child-focused, person-centered interaction allows young people to explore and focus on the issues that they are ready to tackle. Based on a Meaning-Centered approach shaped by the child's own values, different methods of addressing the issues and defining the goals are discussed. In this caring and nurturing therapeutic space, young people can learn to access their personal strengths to overcome the challenges they face. Guardians/parents are an essential part of this process and will be involved in the process; the overarching goal is to help the children/adolescents find the strength to live a life of resiliency, hope, and authenticity.
Before she meets with the child/adolescent, an initial session will be scheduled with involved guardians/parents. Open communication between the guardians and the counselor is vital for success. However, Dr. Wimberly believes it is also very important for the children to feel they can trust the counselor to keep any information confidential. This is in no way meant to exclude the parents/guardians from the process. Instead, it is a much more beneficial way to deal with the issues by providing the children/adolescents with the confidence that the parents/guardians support them in the sessions.
Creating the security to express their concerns and the opportunity to explore solutions in an age-appropriate way, children/adolescents find the strength to live a life of resiliency, hope, and authenticity. Parents/guardians are an essential part of this process and will be involved in the process.
Dr. Wimberly is not an in-network provider for health insurance panels.
More information about the direct-pay practices of Virtue Medicine clinics can be found in our information pages.
Phone: 319-338-5190, or scheduling may also be done directly with Dr. Wimberly at cynthia.wimberlyphd@gmail.com
Reception Hours: Monday-Friday, 9:00am to 5:00pm
WIMBERLY CLINIC HOURS
Monday – Friday 1:30 pm to 5:00 pm, PLUS Wednesday evenings with 5:15 pm and 7 pm openings
Details of Our Privacy Policy
Provider Teleconference Zoom Agreement
Wimberly Clinic Registration Form
Agreement Forms for Guardian and Adolescent
Email and SMS Text Use Policy/Agreement
Sampling of Scholarship
Wimberly, C.L. (in press). Logotherapy: A New Approach in Psychiatric Treatment for Persons With Vision Loss (or At Risk of Vision Loss). Abingdon, UK: Taylor & Francis.
Marbley, A.F., Wimberly, C., Jiaqi, L, Marrah, A., & MaGaha, V.K. (2015). The Scholarship of Discovery: Exploring Cross-Cultural Counseling "Deep in the Heart of Counselor Education." In Bonner, F. A., Lewis, C. W., Lofton, B., & Robinson, P. A. Priorities of the Professoriate: Engaging Multiple Forms of Scholarship across Rural and Urban Institutions. Charlotte, NC: Information Age.
Hearn, C.W.(Wimberly). (2002). Meaning seekers. In C. Stefanics & R. Henrion (Eds.), The power of the human spirit (pp.115-121). Kettering, Ohio: Joseph Publishing Company
Wimberly, C. L. (2016). The role of education in immunizing against radicalism. Journal of Counselling and Development in Higher Education South Africa 3(11)
Asagba, R.B., Agberotimi, S. F., & Wimberly, C.L. (2017) Meaning in life and life orientation as predictors of self-esteem among first year undergraduate students of a Nigerian university. International Journal of Existential Psychology and Psychotherapy 6(1).
Deko, A.O. Asagba, R. B., Agberotimi, S.F., & Wimberly, C.L. (2016). Personal features and well-being as predictors of meaning in life among people living with HIV/AIS (PLWHAs) in Nigeria. Edorium Journal of Psychology. 2:1-7.
Asagba, R. B, & Wimberly, C.L. (2015). Developing a logotherapeutic model for victims of sexual assault. Journal of Gender and Behavior. 13(2), 6784-6788.
Wimberly, C. L, & Brickman, S.J. (2014). Counselors in rural schools: A position of leadership. The Rural Educator 35(2) 26-32.
Wimberly, C. L. (2012). Logotherapeutic treatment of ADHD/ODD. The International Forum for Logotherapy, 35(2) 73-79.
Wimberly, C. L. (2011). Application of Lukas' five-step intervention model. The International Forum for Logotherapy, 34, (2) 76-83.
Marbley, A. F.; Wimberly, C.L.; Berg, R.; Wilkins, E.; & Rouson, L. (2011). Case studies of African American families: Self-reports of ethnically diverse practitioners. The Family Journal, 19,(2) 174-181.
Wimberly, C. L. (2010). Intervention with an at-risk student. The International Forum for Logotherapy.33, (1) 10-17.
PAPERS-PRESENTATIONS
Wimberly, C.L. (2019). Logo Education. Presented at the Twentieth-Second World Congress of Logotherapy. Dallas, TX.
Wimberly, C.L. (2017), Application of meaning-centered living in children and adolescents. Presented at the First Canadian Logotherapy Conference and Discussion Forum. Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Wimberly, C.L. (2017). Logo Education: Looking for what is right. Presented at the Twentieth-First World Congress of Logotherapy. Dallas, TX.
Wimberly, C.L., & Mitchell, M. (2017). Meet me where I am at: Meaning centered strategies to meet the needs of children and youth in foster care. Presented at the Child Welfare League of America's National Conference: Advancing
Excellence in Practice and Policy: Highlighting Successful Strategies to Address the Needs of Children, youth, and Families. Washington D. C.
Wimberly, C.L. (2017). Putting me together: Meaning centered strategies for address individual needs. Presented at Putting It All Together for Children and Families: 18th Annual Statewide Child Abuse Prevention Conference. Abilene, Texas
Wimberly, C.. (2016). Education: Immunizing Against an Existential Vacuum. Presented at the 3nd Future of Logotherapy Congress. Vienna, Austria.
Wimberly, C.L. (2016). The role of school counselors: Guiding students to meaning. Presented at the 9th Biennial International Meaning Conference. Toronto, Canada.
Wimberly, C.L (2016). Wellness from a spiritual point of view. Presented at the 22nd Annual SPI Counselor's Institute. South Padre Island, TX.
Wimberly, C.L. (2015). Logo Education: Guiding students to Meaning. Presented at the Twentieth World Congress of Logotherapy. Dallas, TX.


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In the debut movie from Griselda Films, Hunter comes home from prison and attempts to get his life on the right track. Will he succeed or be dragged back into his criminal past? He is, as the title suggests, conflicted. And Michael Rapaport is in a scene.
Director: AK Reed, Amire K Reed
Actors: Adiyon Dashalon, Benny the Butcher, Dallas Ponzo Jr., David McKithen, Duece King, Evoni Hemphill, J. Holiday, Michael Rapaport, Nekaya Griffith, Reema Reem, Westside Gunn
Keywords:Conflicted
Faster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill!
Three strippers seeking thrills encounter a young couple in the desert. After dispatching the boyfriend, they take the girl hostage and begin scheming on a crippled old man living with…
Cries in the Dark
Detective Carrie Macklin and her little sister Elle had always been the closest of friends. But when Elle goes missing after a run-in with a relocated sex offender, it is…
Genre: Crime, Mystery, Thriller
The Jesus Rolls
A film about a trio of misfits whose irreverent, sexually charged dynamic evolves into a surprising love story as their spontaneous and flippant attitude towards the past or future backfires…
Assassination of a High School President
After the theft of copies of SAT exams from a principal's office, teenage reporter Bobby Funke sets out to unmask the thief. Bobby prints an article fingering Class President Paul…
Genre: Comedy, Crime, Mystery, Thriller
Honeydripper
In 1950s Alabama, the owner of the Honeydripper juke joint finds his business dropping off and against his better judgment, hires a young electric guitarist in a last ditch effort…
Genre: Crime, Drama, History, Musical
New York Prison Break the Seduction of Joyce Mitchell
Convicted killers David Sweat and Richard Matt seduce bored, restless, small town mom Joyce Mitchell who aids and abets their audacious jailbreak.
When the quiet life of a beach bum is upended by dreadful news, he sets off for his childhood home to carry out an act of vengeance.
Genre: Crime, Mystery, Short, Thriller
A law firm brings in its 'fixer' to remedy the situation after a lawyer has a breakdown while representing a chemical company that he knows is guilty in a multi-billion…
Confessions of a Serial Killer
After being arrested, a Texas man begins confessing to the brutal murder of over 200 women. He recounts his random selection of victims and his traveling companions, his friend and…
A man attempts to make a new start in Atlantic City with the help of his daughter and a new business partner.
Trancers
Angel City trooper Jack Deth is sent back in time from 2247 to 1985 L.A. to inhabit the body of his ancestor. Deth's assignment is to find his archenemy, Whistler,…
Genre: Action, Crime, Horror, Sci-Fi, Science Fiction


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AAPI Civic Engagement Fund Launches New Look and Resources on its Movement Hub
Stephanie Ong, stephanie@change-llc.com
(LOS ANGELES) – The Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) Civic Engagement Fund announced new tools on its Movement Hub website to support communities and fight racism. Among the resources are tools and efforts that elevate the work of the Shared Liberation Network, the Fund's network of grassroot groups working to increase AAPI community participation ahead of the midterm elections and beyond. Users who visit the digital hub can access data, policy, and narrative tools to advance their advocacy and community power building strategies.
"So many AAPI grassroots groups are doing important work that need to be shared, and organizers are looking for ways to do more together during this time," said Bo Thao-Urabe, senior program strategist at the AAPI Civic Engagement Fund. "We believe the Movement Hub is an important tool to support AAPIs in building civic power and advancing intersectional justice collectively."
A key feature of the Movement Hub is a census data tool that allows users to toggle data in Asian Americans or Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander populations to show demographic profiles at the state and county levels and socio-demographic indicators, such as poverty, English proficiency rates, age, health insurance coverage, housing tenure and voting-age citizens. Other expanded data tools include a Policy Tool and a Narrative Map. These exciting additions enable users to compare federal and state civil rights laws and deepen understanding of the AAPI population.
"Our AAPI communities are diverse with distinct ethnic identities and histories, but all have experienced the impacts of systemic racism and discrimination in the United States," said Tavae Samuelu, executive director of Empowering Pacific Islander Communities (EPIC). "Our stories are nuanced, complex and often misunderstood. The Movement Hub will help to dispel misperceptions and provide organizers like me with the tools we need to own our narratives and advance our work toward shared liberation."
The AAPI Narrative Map uniquely features AAPI stories collected from published news articles and facilitates the community to tell its own stories across five themes: Together, We Have the Power; We All Belong, Our Narrative Stories; Our Beloved Community is Abundant, Caring and Joyful; Curiosity is the Path to Our Best Future; and, Anti-Asian Incidents of Violence. New stories will be added by groups working on the ground.
The Movement Hub is a centralized digital platform created to amplify the on-the-ground activism and organizing within Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) communities across the country. It offers resources for and by AAPI community organizations to promote cross racial unity and civic participation necessary for realizing systemic and structural change. The hub was built by the AAPI Civic Engagement Fund with support from the UCLA Center for Neighborhood Knowledge.
This entry was posted on January 31, 2022


Way back in 1854, Sacramento was chosen to be the state capital of California thanks to its ideal location and thriving economy. Today, it is a bustling town, full of energy and steeped in history. It offers some of the most picturesque landscapes in California and the perfect environment to study abroad.
A mix of vibrant cultures, iconic landmarks and a prosperous downtown metropolis has shaped Sacramento into the ideal environment for students. In Sacramento, you can study at some of the country's most highly regarded educational institutes, and enjoy everything from horse drawn carriage rides in Old Sacramento to major sporting events at the Golden 1 Center.
With the Sacramento River and American River running throughout, Sacramento is ideally located close to a scenic getaway which includes 32 miles of nature trails. It is a city designed to be explored.
In this article we are going to show you 5 reasons why studying abroad in Sacramento is the right choice.
Why Study Abroad in Sacramento?
The beautiful nature and historic architecture of Sacramento were highlighted in the critically acclaimed, award winning film 'Lady Bird' which showcased such famous landmarks as The Tower Bridge, Thrift Town Thrift Store and Blue House Korean Restaurant. There are many opportunities to take a guided tour and discover Sacramento's rich history.
Studying abroad in Sacramento will immerse you into both the American and Californian culture, providing a truly international atmosphere along with the highest-quality education in some of the world's finest institutions.
When deciding on your ideal foreign exchange program, the most important consideration you'll need to make are what, where and how long you want to study abroad.
Along with these considerations, the visa requirements will play a key role in your final decision.
At AmeriStudent, we want your study abroad experience to be as smooth as possible from the very beginning. To help you out, we have created the Ultimate Foreign Exchange Student Program Guide.
How do I Find a Host Family in Sacramento?
Where you live will have a big impact on your entire experience along with being one of your biggest decision factors. Ideally, you will want to have a fully immersive American family experience, and studying abroad in Sacramento can help provide that.
In conjunction with deciding where to live, it is important to use a reputable homestay provider to make sure you are happy with your decision.
Ameristudent's comprehensive Homestay Service allows international students to select from a variety of homestays in Sacramento, making sure you are left to focus on your studies and enjoy the California lifestyle.
We provide several training and orientation sessions for host families providing the knowledge and resources needed to host you. We also stay in constant communication with all our host families throughout the student's stay, along with providing real-time 24/7 assistance.
Sacramento is one of the nations most diverse cities, the vibrant atmosphere leaves no shortage of unique sights and activities for you to experience.
Here we share 5 reasons why Sacramento is the right choice for international exchange students.
The world-class facilities and leading educational institutions create the perfect environment for you to maximize your studies.
UC Davis is one of the world's leading colleges, offering over 370 degree programs for its students. First opening its doors in 1908, it has built a reputation for outstanding academics and sustainability.
Many of the degree courses on offer at this highly accredited school are some of the best in the United States. A degree from UC Davis will help you stand out to potential future employers.
The campus is situated in the city of Davis, a small suburban town only 20 minutes outside of Sacramento. With a reputation for being extremely friendly, it's the perfect environment for exchange students. UC Davis maintains a policy of diversity on campus, ensuring all students feel comfortable and open-minded of different cultures.
The beautiful green campus is designed for students to enjoy the spectacular California weather. UC Davis' award-winning Arboretum and Public Garden contains a stretch of majestic redwoods, plenty of diverse plant life, and beautiful waterways where students can study together outside, immersed in nature.
Sacramento State is California's capital university, known for its first-class facilities. In 2000 and 2004 it hosted the Olympic Track and Field trials, drawing a national spotlight and hundreds of thousands of visitors. They have also hosted three NCAA I Track and Field Championships and continue to be one of the premier sporting facilities in America.
Sacramento State is also highly acclaimed for its music, art and theater. The Latin Jazz Band and the Sacramento State Jazz Singers have won awards from Downbeat Magazine, one of the world's most popular jazz publications.
Every Spring, the Festival of the Arts brings together performers from all the arts in a six day show of culture, sights and sounds for you to enjoy, or get involved and express your creative side.
The extensive campus facilities ensure that you have access to everything you need to be successful in your studies. The library is open seven days a week and from Monday to Thursday it stays open until 11 pm. The Academic Resource Center provides 24 hour computer access.
Sacramento has a number of major sports franchises, including NBA and Minor League Baseball. Passionate fans unite during these games, bringing an electric feel throughout the city.
Playing in the world's best basketball league, the Sacramento Kings brought the NBA to the city in 1985. Since then, the Kings have had one of the most loyal fan bases in the country, which shows the attitude and pride that runs through Sacramento.
Outside of entertaining the city during games, the Kings have been dedicated to supporting the community, providing sustainability, educational and charitable programs across the Sacramento region to help bring a positive impact to people's lives.
The Sacramento River Cats are a Minor League Baseball team which has represented Sacramento for the past 18 years.
They have had unparalleled success in their relatively short time in the city, winning two Triple-A championships, four Pacific Coast League (PCL) championships and 11 PCL South Division Championships.
Be sure to stay behind after a Friday or Saturday night game between April and August to catch one of the spectacular firework shows. You may just see stormtroopers escorting players onto the field and a firework display dedicated to the Star Wars universe.
For the 18 years they have been in Sacramento they have led the league in fan attendance at games, showcasing the bond the team has with the city.
Take in one of America's biggest sports with some of America's most passionate fans and get a truly memorable experience.
There is no shortage of entertainment and activities to make your time in Sacramento unforgettable.
The city dates back to 1848, with the rise of the gold rush, many of the original buildings were raised on wooden platforms to preserve the town, creating what is now Old Sacramento. Take a step through a time machine as you go on a historic tour or explore on horseback.
Steeped in history, there are various museums across the city showcasing everything from the Capitol to classic cars. The California State Capitol Museum is free to visit and offers an in-depth insight into the history of California.
If you fancy a vintage train ride head over to the California Railroad Museum, or see over 150 vintage cars dating as far back as 120 years ago at the California Automobile Museum.
The Crocker Art Museum opened 125 years ago and is one of the most notable museums in the Sacramento area, holding an impressive collection of diverse artwork for all art lovers to enjoy.
The recently built Golden 1 Center hosts the Sacramento Kings as well as many major concerts and events.
When the Kings aren't playing expect to see everything from global superstars such as Elton John and Ice Cube, to WWE Wrestling or the world-famous Harlem Globetrotters. There is always something exciting going on.
One of the best things about Sacramento is its ideal location in Northern California, around the same distance from the beaches as the mountains.
Soda Springs Mountain Resort is less than 90 miles away from Sacramento it provides the perfect slopes for all levels. If you are a beginner, this resort is the perfect place to get used to the slopes and grow your confidence.
Situated just south of Lake Tahoe, Sierra-at-Tahoe-Resort boasts over 2,000 acres of slopes to enjoy. At a peak of 8,852 feet you will be treated to some of the most spectacular views of Lake Tahoe. There is even a shuttle service from Sacramento.
Heavenly Ski Resort is not just for namesake. It's one of the most stunning ski resorts in the world with 97 trails ranging from plunging 1,600 feet chutes to wide open areas. Explore the vast 4,630 acres as you reach heights of 10,067 feet, the largest and highest skiable areas in Lake Tahoe.
Bustling with shopping options, from designer boutiques to giant outlets, Sacramento has something for every shopper.
The largest shopping mall in the area, Arden Fair Mall offers 165 stores ranging from mid through to high-end shopping. Stores here include the Apple Store and the Disney Store. The food court has a constant aroma of freshly baked goods throughout the day... Which is worth the visit alone.
The Country Club Plaza is an indoor mall which hosts the Sacramento Farmers Market every Saturday. Sacramento is famous for its fresh produce and high-quality food, and this is definitely the place to indulge. Alongside a wide selection of stores, enjoy the sounds of live music by Peggy Brown of Rancho Murieta Brunch every Friday afternoon.
In the west of the city you will find a favorite among students around the world, Ikea Sacramento brings you stylish and affordable… Everything; beds, posters, cabinets there is nothing Ikea doesn't provide. Outside of the unique designs don't forget to taste their world famous Swedish meatballs or cinnamon rolls.
Hosting a foreign exchange student in Sacramento can be rewarding for you and your family, both culturally and financially.
Aside from meeting a new student eager to learn about America, hosting an international student can provide your household with an extra monthly income.
Each year California families welcome around 200,000 students, from all around the world into their homes.4 This provides plenty of opportunities for host families in Sacramento to earn some extra money.
Hosting a foreign student is one of the most immersive ways to discover new cultures. As you share American culture with your student, they may just share a thing or two about their culture with you.
If you are looking to host an international student read our 'Complete Guide to Hosting an International Student' or find out more about our full range of hosting services.
Sacramento is one of the finest cities in California, and the perfect place to study and experience the American lifestyle. Immersing into a foreign education system will broaden your knowledge and there is no better place than Sacramento, California.
Our services provide support for every step of your journey, whether you require assistance with homestays, visa requirements, school selection or anything else, our team at AmeriStudent are on hand to help.
Get in touch with us today, we are excited to guide you through studying in Sacramento.


Strait has had a total of 60 No. 1 hits in career — an unbelievable feat that only he could accomplish. King George is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame, he's received CMA and ACM Awards for Entertainer of the Year numerous times and he's sold more than 100 million records. The singer shocked the world in 2012 when he announced he was retiring from the road, but thankfully, he plans to continue recording great country music. Strait finished the Cowboy Rides Away tour in 2014 with huge attendance numbers.


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Britons glued to their cars. Mileage increases
Xavier Navarro
According to a new study by the RAC Foundation, British drivers have risen in number and in mileage. Alternatives in public transport aren't improving much: the usage of bus transport has declined 13 percent since 1993 and 50 percent of Britons have never taken the bus. Train usage, on the other hand, has increased 40 percent, although more for occasional trips than for commuting.
In the other hand, more Britons, 7 percent, are cycling to work. Actually, Transport for London reports a 50 percent increase in cycling in London since 2002.
Former studies also reflected that 20 percent of car journeys could be made with transport other than the car and because of that, the RAC concludes that the outcome of the promotion of public transport has been very low (it's not mentioned in the press release that it's also very expensive).
However, the RAC study is optimistic, and it affirms that, "if the right mix of targeted solutions are put in place to provide a real alternative to the car for certain journeys some lasting changes could be seen in the future."
Click through the jump for more facts and figures from the release.
Streetcar and Network Rail provide car sharing from British train stations
UK car buyers choosing cleaner vehicles
First European biodiesel passenger train, the Virgin Voyager, on the move in the UK
[Source: RAC]
The Foundation's Fact File on Car Dependence finds that over the period between 1993 and 2005:
The percentage of the population with a valid driving license has risen from 67 percent to 72 percent.
The total mileage driven has increased by 17 percent across the UK.
There has only been a slow down in car usage in London since 2002
The number of women driving has risen rapidly from under 50 percent to over 60 percent
The number of men driving has risen more slowly (75 percent to 80 percent)
In London the proportion of frequent drivers has fluctuated around 80 percent
Car use peaks amongst the 35-44 age groups