Every enrolled 4-H member is invited to participated in Jefferson County Fair — it's our opportunity to SHINE and show our community what we've learned, made, and grown throughout the year. In 2018, our fair theme is "Bug Up" — a fun way to explore the diverse and often-overlooked aspects of life in our county. To learn much more about fair and to participate, please click on the links below. Hope to see you at fair!
Monday, Aug. 6: 4-H Still-Life Exhibit Entries, 3-7 p.m. in the 4-H Building – bring all arts & crafts, posters & educational displays, record books, photography, and all other non-perishable entries. Please be sure to fill out and attach a Fair Entry Tag to each item that you're bringing.
Wednesday, Aug. 8: Perishable Exhibit Entries, 3-7 p.m. in the 4-H Building – bring all food & nutrition, gardening & flowers, and all other perishable entries. Please be sure to fill out and attach a Fair Entry Tag to each item that you're bringing. Horse Vet Check, 5-7 p.m. Llama, Goat, Sheep, & Swine Vet Checks, 5-8 p.m.
Thursday, Aug. 9: Rabbit, Cavy, & Poultry Vet Checks, 5-6:30 p.m. in the Small Animal Barn. Beef/Dairy Vet Checks, 6-8 p.m.
Friday, Aug. 10: Reptile Vet Checks, 8 a.m. in the Yesteryear Building. 4-H Cat Vet Checks, 8:30-9:30 a.m. in the 4-H Cats Building.
Wednesday, Aug. 8: General 4-H Fair Orientation #2 (Still-Life-only exhibitors strongly encouraged to attend), 7 p.m. in the 4-H Building, RSVP: tanya.barnett@wsu.edu. Horse 4-H Orientation (required for all Horse 4-H exhibitors), 8 p.m.
Thursday, Aug. 9: Small Livestock Barn Orientation (required for all Swine, Llama, Goat, & Sheep 4-H exhibitors), 3 p.m. in the Small Livestock Barn. Small Animal Barn Orientation (required for all Rabbit, Cavy, & Poultry 4-H exhibitors), 6:30 p.m. in the Small Animal Barn.
Friday, Aug. 10: Bill McIntire Memorial Building Dedication, 10 a.m. – please plan to attend!
Saturday, Aug. 11: 4-H Leader of the Year Recognition, 11 a.m. in the 4-H Building – please come and join us for this celebration with cake!
Throughout fair, please be sure to stop In the 4-H Building for activities like building beneficial bug homes, the "Bug Up!" photo booth, Roboctopi Robots, maggot art, bug tasting, 4-H presentations and so much more! Please check the daily Gate Schedule for these and so many wonderful events at fair.
The Washington State 4-H Fair is a collaborative community event, showcasing and promoting the achievements and talents of youth as they work toward building their successful futures.


This was actually requested by someone, so hopefully other people find it useful to.
Basically, it lets you setup a limit for "trusted" review writers. For example, if you set the plugin option to "5", then once a user has 5 VALIDATED reviews, and after that will get auto-validated.
It also sends out the email just like the normal review validation system too.


In the search area below you are able to check, whether there is a valid contractual relationship between Naturland and a particular producer or processor.
Cases of contract terminations without notice are updated on a daily basis in this database.
A valid contract is required for the inspection and certification process according to Naturland standards, as well as the opportunity of using the Naturland trade mark.
For the additional information if a specific Naturland operator with a valid contract also holds a currently valid certificate, please contact us using the contact on the right.
You cannot find an operation? Ask us!


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Artists' Free Speech Rights at Stake in Washington Florist Case
Jim Campbell	/ November 29, 2016 / Leave a comment
The state of Washington is suing Barronelle Stutzman for exercising her rights of conscience. (Photo: iStock Photos)
Jim Campbell, senior counsel with the Christian legal group Alliance Defending Freedom, represents Jack Phillips and Masterpiece Cakeshop. He is also director of ADF's Center for Cultural Engagement and Scholarship.
An African-American marketer should not be forced to create an advertising campaign for a white supremacist group. Nor should a Muslim graphic designer be required to develop a webpage promoting Jewish teachings, or a Democrat freelance writer be ordered to draft political speeches for Republicans.
Most agree with this, but Washington state Attorney General Bob Ferguson apparently does not.
Through his advocacy, he is trying to construct a real-life dystopia in which these and similar professionals will be forced to create expressive materials—like advertising campaigns and webpages—to promote, and even celebrate, ideas that violate their convictions.
The most recent evidence of this came when the Washington Supreme Court heard arguments in Ferguson's case against Barronelle Stutzman.
Stutzman is a 72-year-old floral artist who serves everyone in her community, regardless of their race, sex, religion, or sexual orientation. But because of her deeply held religious beliefs about marriage, she cannot custom design floral arrangements to celebrate a same-sex wedding.
So while she has been glad to serve Rob Ingersoll—a gay man—for nearly a decade, she could not use her artistic expression to celebrate his nuptials.
To Ferguson, this sort of conscientious objection is, well, legally objectionable.
Some who oppose Stutzman's desire to peacefully live out her convictions argue that designing floral arrangements is not art or constitutionally protected expression.
That argument—which ignores the many U.S. Supreme Court cases that so broadly define expression that even nude dancing is considered constitutionally protected—is not Ferguson's. He admitted that Stutzman's floral design work is "a form of expression," and that "arranging these flowers is no less speech than writing a poem celebrating a particular message."
So Ferguson's position is that if an artist makes a living through her expression, she must accept all requests to create expression, regardless of whether she considers some messages deeply offensive. Or she must be punished.
We know this because one of the justices asked Ferguson whether constitutional principles of free expression ever protect a business owner who is accused of violating a so-called nondiscrimination law. And he said that they would not.
Further highlighting his extreme views, Ferguson went so far as to say that Stutzman could not "do the wedding flowers for heterosexual couples and have another employee handle it for same-sex folks."
So it's not enough for, say, an LGBT business owner who designs shirts for a gay pride festival to have her employee design shirts for the group protesting the festival. She must actually do it herself. Are we really to believe that American law, rightly understood, is such a conscience-crushing steamroller?
We're not talking about business owners refusing to provide someone a mundane, unexpressive product—like a meal or a box of laundry detergent—because they dislike that person's race, religious, or sexual orientation. We're talking about compelling people to use their artistic talents to create messages or actively participate in expressive events that they cannot in good conscience support.
Imagine that you're a black citizen living in America, that you worked hard to build a profitable marketing company, and that you've developed successful advertising campaigns for various black community groups. Now suppose that a white supremacist organization asks you to develop a similar campaign for their local chapter.
You, of course, are happy to do work for white customers, but understandably will not create advertisements that promote a group whose goals conflict with your identity as a black man or woman. You are obviously not rejecting a customer based on race. You are opting not to promote an idea you reject.
Yet Ferguson, it seems, would have you create that speech, your conscience be damned. You "voluntarily" entered into business, he would say; now you must accept the "consequences" of the law as he sees it.
Capitulate or close your business. Never mind that your family would lose its only means of financial support. You should've thought of that, so his argument goes, before pursuing your career aspirations.
Or put yourself in the shoes of a Muslim who immigrated to the United States to avoid religious persecution and who later earned a degree in graphic design and started a small business.
After seeing your best work online, a Jewish group asks you to create its website, which will include a page explaining why Jewish Old Testament teachings are correct and Islamic teachings are wrong. Unable to broadcast messages that conflict with the heart of what you believe, you refer the organization to another company.
If you do business in Washington, you better keep an eye on your mailbox because, assuming that we can take Ferguson at his word, you'll be hearing from him soon.
It doesn't matter how much you've overcome to get to where you are or how much this lawsuit will devastate your new business. Accommodation for your conscience has no place in Ferguson's world.
But Ferguson is simply mistaken about the law. The U.S. Supreme Court has long recognized that the First Amendment prohibits the government from forcing citizens to express (or help communicate) messages that they find objectionable.
The government cannot force an individual to be an "instrument for fostering public adherence to an ideological point of view he finds unacceptable."
Our nation's highest court clearly affirmed that principle when it unanimously found that the state of Massachusetts could not force an organization to include the message of an advocacy group in its parade. Neither, then, can the state of Washington compel expressive professionals to create speeches that they don't want to support.
But unless the Washington Supreme Court sets Ferguson straight, all who create expression in the marketplace have ample cause for concern, whether you're a floral artist with conservative Christian views about marriage or an LGBT promotional printer who doesn't want to create materials that criticize same-sex marriage.
That's why this issue—freedom for expressive professionals—should cross partisan and ideological lines. No one—Republican, Democrat, conservative, or liberal—should want to live in the world that Ferguson is trying to create.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Newsbytes.PH
Technology News From The Philippines
First on Newsbytes.PH
e-Security
Networked Car
Startups | Apps
BPO firm iQor expands call center operations in Davao
BPO operator iQor has announced the expansion of its Davao call center, as well as the launch of a new center in the Davao Park District.
iQor Philippines director of operations James Down speaking during the Davao launch
The new expansions in Davao are part of iQor's 2019 growth trajectory that will bring in over 5,000 new jobs across the Philippines by the end of the year.
Expanding by 70,000 square feet across the two locations, iQor has modernized its current center with a new recruiting space and expanded breakroom and game area.
The newly-built center houses 1,200 call center seats and another state-of-the-art recruiting center. iQor said it has plans for further expansion in 2020.
To meet client demand, iQor has been actively recruiting over 2,000 new employees across Davao and will continue to recruit through the end of the year.
"We're on a mission to bring jobs close to home across Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao," said Saurabh Bhaskar, senior vice president operations for iQor Philippines. "Our Davao employees enjoy effortless commutes and access to a variety of amenities within walking distance of our contact centers."
iQor Philippines senior vice president operations Rod Hoddinott said the company is looking forward to growing its presence in Davao.
"The city is an ideal region thanks to its highly proficient workforce and educated talent pool. It will remain one of our fastest growing regions as we work with clients to solve complex problems across a variety of channels," he said.
Double outsourcing: PLDT unveils call-center-as-a-service
Teleperformance launches leadership dev't center for employees
BPO industry still top job generator in DOLE portal for 2017
BPOs more threatened by AI than tax measures: DOF chief
Google Doodle allows milk tea fans to run own shop
Smartphone shipments suffer largest decline with 11.3% drop in 2022
DOST opens call for research proposals for 2025 funding
Pinoy SME app sees demand for hybrid online-offline retail
Insurtech firm Igloo eyes financial inclusion in PH with $27-M funding
Converge ICT hits 2-million fiber port deployment target for 2022
SC launches digitized benchbook for PH trial courts
FiberHome appoints VST ECS Phils. as PH distributor
Epson launches Virtual Demo channel for PH customers
Globe subsidiary Asticom rolls out Acquiro for Pinoy jobseekers
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The wearing effects of being overworked and in somewhat poor health are reflected in my paintings, ceramic work, and mixed media pieces. I use old and dilapidated materials such as window frames, instrument cases, and wood to symbolically address my physical and emotional states. I reuse items from the past that show a sense of fatigue, tattered edges, and deterioration. Like these objects I felt run down, old, and at times, useless. However, I am comforted by the idea that old objects can, with some care, regain new life. I have discovered I seek my own rejuvenation through my creativity. As a means of releasing anger and frustration toward my fading health, I create assemblages of wilted flowers, encaustic hourglass forms, and mixed media teapots. I also create clay vessels that appear to be deteriorating and encapsulate objects in encaustic medium. Items that belonged to my relatives serve as a metaphor for my genetic illnesses. Searching for answers, living in the present, and maintaining hope are things I carry with me on my artistic journey to find a sense of self worth and to overcome disease.


Not hard to do when you start your own thread, but that's more to indicate I just signed up for the site. Instructed to come post here and say hi. Google pushed me over to this site when I was looking for some vg wallpapers. So anyways hi!
umm...so where are the wallpapers again?
Yeah some work is being done at GG behind the scenes. Some of the wallpapers on the frontpage are slightly dated, but hopefully the site will once again start to be updated more regularly.
Nice to hear how you found us.
Most people around here aren't very talkative, but we can still talk.
So what types of wallpapers / games are you interested in?
I originally came in looking for some SF4 wallpapers, just cuz I'm liking how the whole "hand-drawn" look is turning out -- kinda reminds me of Postal (the old one for the mac).
I own a 360 and a ps3 (which has had no good exclusive coops since resistance), and hate wii's with a passion normally reserved for jocks and small children.
i tried my login there it said invalid, but when i tried to register it brought me back here?


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Download Ninja Turtles – Free Game Pack
by Hiroshi on April 30th, 2009
The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (Leonardo, Michelangelo, Donatello, and Raphael) or simply Ninja Turtles, and previously known in the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Ireland and Scandinavia as Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles are a fictional team of four turtle mutants, who are trained by their sensei, Master Splinter, in the art of Ninjutsu. From their home in the storm sewers of Manhattan, they battle petty criminals, evil megalomaniacs, and alien invaders, all while remaining isolated from society at large. The characters initially appeared in comic books before being licensed for toys, cartoons and film adaptations.
Download free game pack – This game pack contains two games:
1- Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
2- Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles Fight


The international power trading company EDF Trading, a daughter company of France's EDF power generator, has increased its power exports from Ukraine by 15.5 %, having exported 29.3 mil kWh over the first 7 months of 2018.
Starting this year, in January, February, and July, the company was buying power from Ukrinterenergo State Foreign Trade Company at $48-$55 per one MWh, and exporting it to Hungary's hubs. Additionally, in April, May, and June, EDF Trading was exporting power from the DTEK Group's generating facilities to Romania.


text:
News Privacy
Report: Flaws level off, but worms still squirming
Data from security company Symantec confirms that alerts regarding software flaws have increased only slightly, but that doesn't necessarily mean software is getting safer.
Robert Lemos
March 15, 2004 1:58 p.m. PT
Robert Lemos Staff Writer, CNET News.com
covers viruses, worms and other security threats.
The number of public alerts about software security flaws leveled off over the last six months, but worms continue to threaten the Internet, according to a report security company Symantec released Monday.
In 2003, information on 2,636 security vulnerabilities was released to the public, according to Symantec's biannual Internet Security Threat Report. That's an increase of only 2 percent from the 2,587 vulnerabilities disclosed by companies and security researchers in 2002, said Alfred Huger, senior director of engineering for Symantec. From 2001 to 2002, there was an 81 percent increase, Huger said.
"This is the first year that we have seen the disclosure of vulnerabilities level off," he said.
The report affirms a trend found in data from the Computer Emergency Response Team Coordination Center: The 3,784 vulnerabilities reported to the organization last year decreased 8 percent from the 4,129 flaws found in 2002.
The trend could be an indication that software development is getting better and that programmers are learning how to avoid the most common security missteps. Another factor is that security researchers are increasingly giving software companies a chance to fix the flaws before public alerts are sent out, which can delay the alerts.
"More people are working with vendors to patch these issues, and that takes more time," Symantec's Huger said. For example, Microsoft took more than six months to produce a fix for several recent Windows vulnerabilities.
However, the drop may have been influenced by another, not so positive, factor, Huger said. More researchers may be failing to report new flaws. "Good" security researchers could be keeping information on a given flaw to themselves as a competitive advantage, or malicious researchers could be keeping quiet so that they can use the flaw in an attack.
Much of Symantec's report is based on data submitted from more than 20,000 Internet devices owned by clients or affiliates. The data shows that 43 percent of attacks were due to worms. Another 40 percent constituted probes, not necessarily malicious, of systems vulnerable to specific problems. The remaining 17 percent of attacks were intrusion attempts that weren't caused by worms.
The MSBlast, or Blaster, worm accounted for nearly a third of all attacking computers detected by Symantec's sensor network in the last six months, the report said, but it was responsible for only about 2 percent of attacks. That's because a single computer can be used in several attacks, and other worms took greater advantage of this. The very efficient Microsoft SQL Slammer worm, for example, accounted for more than a quarter of total attacks detected, with only 2.4 percent of attacking computers.
The Code Red and Nimda worms--both more than two years old--are also still spreading around the Internet, the report found.
Another trend appears to be that attackers are increasingly targeting previously compromised computers and taking advantage of the backdoors left by successful worm and virus attacks. The latest viruses--including the MyDoom, Sobig and Bagel viruses--leave behind a secret entry point into any system that has been infected by the programs. Increasingly, intruders are checking for those backdoors first.
"It is almost like it has created a different dimension to the underground exploitation of the Internet," Symantec's Huger said. "There are a whole bunch of 'properties' out there that are freely available to groups to take advantage of."
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You can expect a lot from the 2017 Honda Civic With less than 10,000 miles on the odometer, this vehicle offers power, spaciousness and durability in a refined and innovative package! Under the hood you'll find a 4 cylinder engine with more than 200 horsepower, providing a spirited, yet composed ride and drive. The engine breathes better thanks to a turbocharger, improving both performance and economy. Honda infused the interior with top shelf amenities, such as: 1-touch window functionality, a trip computer, front bucket seats, fully automatic headlights, tilt steering wheel, heated door mirrors, and power windows. Storage solutions are integrated throughout the interior, demonstrating thoughtful attention to detail. Audio features include an AM/FM radio, and 12 speakers, providing excellent sound throughout the cabin. Honda ensures the safety and security of its passengers with equipment such as: dual front impact airbags, front side impact airbags, traction control, brake assist, a panic alarm, an emergency communication system, and 4 wheel disc brakes with ABS. Electronic stability control ensures solid grip atop the road surface, no matter how challenging the driving conditions. This vehicle has achieved Certified Pre-Owned status, by passing Honda's comprehensive certification process, including an exhaustive 150-point inspection! We have a skilled and knowledgeable sales staff with many years of experience satisfying our customers needs. We'd be happy to answer any questions that you may have. We are here to help you.


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Расстрел в Ксиропόтамо Ираклиона () — расстрел 50 представителей греческого гражданского населения, совершённые германской армией 14 июня 1942 в Ираклионе, Крит, во время тройной, германо-итало-болгарской, оккупации Греции, в годы Второй мировой войны.
На Крите часто упоминается вместе с предыдущим расстрелом 12 знатных человек города, расстрелянных на том же месте 3 июня 1942 года, как Расстрел 62 мучеников (), что находит отражение в имени одного из центральных проспектов города Ираклион Проспект 62 мучеников ().

Предыстория
В ходе Сражения за Крит беспрецедентной храбрости сопротивление местного населения вызвало раздражение у немецкого командования, по причине прусского понятия о правилах ведения войны, согласно которому никому кроме профессиональных военных не дозволено принимать участие в боях. Комдив немецкой 5-й горнострелковой дивизии генерал-майор Ю. Рингель в своём рапорте отмечал, что жители Крита захватывали парашютистов или атаковали их с ножами и серпами. Получили распространение неподтверждённые и преувеличенные истории, объясняющие тяжёлые потери в связи с резнёй парашютистов критянами, сопровождаемой пытками и увечьями.

Когда эти истории были доведены до сведения командования люфтваффе в Берлине, рейхсмаршал Герман Геринг приказал генералу Курту Штуденту, приступить к расследованию и репрессиям. Штудент, не дожидаясь окончания расследования, приказал приступить к кровавым репрессиям против местного населения сразу после захвата Крита 31 мая 1941 года, без судебных формальностей и их исполнения теми же соединениями парашютистов, которым противостояли в боях критяне..
Расстрел в Кондомари 2 июня 1941, Уничтожение Канданоса и расстрел 180 его жителей 3 июня, Расстрелы в долине реки Керитис 1 августа носили характер возмездия за участие критян в боях.

С конца 1941 года, действия нового командующего «Цитаделью Крит», генерала Александра Андре были направлены на пресечение Сопротивления на уже оккупированном острове, отвечая несоизмеримо бόльшими превентивными и репрессивными мерами на небольшие поначалу акты Сопротивления населения.

Как и по всей Греции, оккупационные власти создали в тюрьмах Ираклиона (Аликарнассόс и Ацалениос) «резервуары» заключённых-заложников, предназначенных к расстрелам после актов Сопротивления.

3 июня 1942 года, немцы расстреляли 12 заключённых из тюрем Ираклиона. Расстрел был произведен в западном пригороде Ксиропо́тамо в ответ на убийство двух старост-коллаборационистов. Для устрашения населения, в числе расстрелянных были (бывший) мэр Ираклиона Минас Георгиадис и двое его братьев, юрист Титос и купец Манолис. Все они были организаторами «Критского революционного комитета», приняли участие в боях против немецких парашютистов и были арестованы позже по доносам. Число расстрелянных было значительно бо́льшим по сравнению с двумя убитыми коллаборационистами, но 15 июня, на том же месте, но по более серьёзному поводу, были расстреляны 50 человек.

Крит как одна из баз снабжения Роммеля
В конце мая 1942 года немецкие войска под командованием Эрвина Роммеля начали продвигаться к границе Египта. Киренаика, которая стала эпицентром сражений, находилась всего в 300 км к югу от Крита, что было в несколько раз ближе от основных баз снабжения итальянской и немецкой армии в Сицилии и Тунисе.
Значение «авианосца Крит» возросло не только для воздушной поддержки армии Роммеля, но и для доставки снабжения по воздуху. Причём в логистику подпадали необычные для доставки воздухом канистры с водой и пайки жаренной картошки.
Оккупационные власти зарезервировали для себя все колодцы вокруг аэродромов и взлётно-посадочных полос Крита. В том что касается картофеля, были мобилизованы сотни местных женщин, которым было предписано жарить картофель, солить и упаковывать в пайки. Своего рода мелкой неприятностью для немцев в Ливийской пустыне было частое пересаливание картофеля, производимое женщинами по указанию организаций Сопротивления, после подсказки британских служб.
В конце мая, под председательством генерала Андре, состоялось совещание начальников всех аэродромов и складов топлива острова, для координации отправки снабжения для Роммеля.

С другой стороны, союзное командование на Ближнем Востоке приняло решение послать на Крит группы диверсантов, чтобы подорвать боевые и транспортные возможности немецкой авиации базировавшейся на острове. Для отправки на Крит были подготовлены три группы из Особой лодочной службы (SBS) и одна группа из Особой воздушной службы (SAS). Группы должны были совершить диверсии в аэропортах Ираклиона, Кастели, Тимбаки и Малеме

Операция «Albumen»
Группы SBS были встречены на Крите британским офицером Томасом Данбэбином (Thomas James Dunbabin), который связал их с критским Сопротивлением.
Первая группа, усиленная тремя критянами, с успехом атаковала в ночь с 9 на 10 июня ародром в Кастели. Второй группе не повезло, на момент подхода к аэродрому Тимбаки там не оказалось самолётов.

Группа SAS в составе французов майора Жоржа Берже (Georges Bergé), Jacques Mouhot, Pierre Léostic и Jack Sibard, англичанина лейтенанта и будущего лорда Джорджа Джеллико (George Jellicoe), лейтенанта греческой армии Костиса Петракиса была доставлена на Крит на греческой подводной лодке 'Тритон, капитаном которой был Эпаминондас Кондояннис.
Группа высадилась на заре 10 июня на побережье залива Маля на двух надувных лодках, буксируя ещё одну лодку с взрывчаткой
По причине высадки в ошибочном месте, группе понадобились ночные переходы, пока она не подошла к аэродрому Ираклиона в ночь с 12 на 13 июня, но была вынуждена отложить атаку на следующий вечер.
Группа проникла на аэродром Ираклиона в ночь с 13 на 14 июня, когда он подвергся не особо мощной бомбардировке британской авиации и взорвала 20 (по другим источникам 25) самолётов Junkers Ju 88.
Все 6 диверсантов первоначально сумели покинуть аэродром, но позже Léostic был убит, три других француза были взяты в плен, Джеллико и Петракис сумели добраться до Египта

Расстрел пятидесяти
Взрывы на аэродроме произошли когда немногочисленные британские самолёты удалились. Было очевидно, что уничтожение немецких самолётов на земле было результатом диверсии. Первоначально подозрение пало на рабочих аэродрома. Озлобленные событием, немцы решили установить пулемёты в разных точках города и открыть стрельбу по населению без разбора.
Однако по получению информации, что это было дело рук диверсантов греческой или британской армии, они решили применить репрессивные меры, как и случаях операций греческого Сопротивления.
Предложение о расстреле 50 человек из «резервуара» заключённых было сделано генералу Андре комендантом Ираклиона генерал-майором Фолкманом и руководителем контразведки майором Хартманом.
Перед расстрелом, немцы наугад мобилизовали 16 человек гражданского населения на копание могил для смертников. Один из них, Димитрис Игуменакис, в своём дневнике сохранил последние слова смертников.
Он приводит слова смертника Антониса Кастринакиса: «Самое святое и честное из всех благ человека — это Свобода в свободном Отечестве. Никакое другое из благ не может сравниться с бесценным благом Свободы. И справедливо расценивать как самого большого и опасного врага того, который намерен отнять у тебя Свободу. Посему обязанность каждого эллина сегодня бороться за свою Свободу всеми силами, невзирая на жертвы и даже на потерю собственной жизни».
Коммунисты Илиу и Цепападакис в своих последних словах высказывали уверенность в поражении фашизма и во «всемирное братство которое придёт».
Речи Г. Скуласа и А. Кастринакиса были гимнами Свободе и «классическими текстами Демократии».

Поп Сифакис, чей брат был расстрелян 3 июня пел «Христос Анести» (Христос Воскресе).
Н. Сургюдакис и Г. Метимакис выкрикивали имена доносчиков.

Впоследствии
В послевоенном докладе британского SOE о Крите, в параграфе «А», в котором перечисляются зверства оккупантов на острове, ответственными за расстрел 14 июня 1942 года в Ираклионе указаны генерал А. Андре, подполковник Bassange, капитан Litzenbergero

После капитуляции Германии генерал А. Андре был арестован англичанами и передан Греции. Он был судим в 1947 году за военные преступления совершённые им на Крите и четырежды осуждён к пожизненному заключению. Однако в 1951 греческий король Павел смягчил его приговор до 4 лет заключения, в результате чего в 1952 году А. Андре был освобождён. В дальнейшем генерал А. Андре стал одним из соучредителей Немецкой имперской партии.

Один из центральных проспектов Ираклиона был назван в честь расстрелянных в Ксиропотамо 3 и 14 июня 1942 года «Проспектом 62 мучеников».

Каждый год 14 июня, в церквушке Всех Святых, где установлена памятная плита расстрелянным, происходит церемониальное поминание, в присутствии представителей властей и армии.

Примечания

Преступления нацистов на Крите
Массовые убийства в Греции
События 14 июня
Июнь 1942 года
1942 год в Греции
Убийства, совершённые в 1942 году

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Existence of specific function I'm looking for some counterexample and would like to construct a function $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ that is in $L^1\cap L^2$ such that $$\int f(x)\log{f(x)}~dx=\pm\infty.$$
I don't care wheter $\infty$ or $-\infty$. Does somethink like this exist. I'm really bad at guessing such function but I don't see a reason why the integral should converge :)

A: There are such functions, one can take a bounded function that is just barely integrable, or a function that has a just barely square-integrable singularity (or both), so that multiplication with the logarithm pushes it over the boundary, for example
$$f(x) = \begin{cases}\quad 0 &, x \leqslant 3\\ \frac{1}{x(\log x)^2} &, x > 3 \end{cases}$$
is such a function. If you don't want to posit $f(x)\log f(x) = 0$ for $f(x) = 0$, add a small positive function to it, for example $e^{-x^2}$.

A: Note that
$$
\int_{2}^{\infty}\frac{dx}{x(\log x)^a}=\frac{(\log x)^{1-a}}{1-a}\bigg\vert_{2}^{\infty}=\frac{(\log 2)^{1-a}}{a-1}
$$
for $a>1$, but the integral diverges for $a<1$.  So if you let
$$
f(x)=\begin{cases}0 & & (x<2) \\ x^{-1}(\log x)^{-3/2} & & (x \ge 2),\end{cases}
$$
then the integrals of $|f(x)|$ and $|f(x)|^2$ will converge, but the integral of $f(x)\log f(x)$ (with its extra factor of $\log x$) will diverge.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


With the holidays around the corner and birthdays popping up left and right, finding sustainable gifts that truly make the ones we love happy can be a difficult task. Alas we, at The Mindful Merchants, have come up with a list of 12 of the most Unique and Best Sustainable Gifts for 2018. After all, aren't we all just big kids at heart? Follow us as we show you unique and sustainable gifts ranging from electronic sustainable gifts, to reusable energy devices, to comfy portable chairs. For those of you looking for unique and sustainable gifts for young kids, check out our 11 Sustainable Gift Ideas for Kids blog.
What are sustainable gifts you ask? To quote thwink.org "Environmental sustainability is the rate of renewable resource harvest, pollution creation, and non-renewable resource depletion that can be continued indefinitely. If they cannot be continued indefinitely then they are not sustainable." The sustainable gifts in our 12 Unique Sustainable Gifts list all fall under at least one of these categories: Organic, Recycled, Non- Toxic, Eco Friendly, Up-Cycled, Bio-Degratable, Solar Powered, Natural. We are very careful about our featured choices, so please browse our sustainable gifts list, knowing each item is good for you and the environment. Happy Reading!
The Jetson Hover Board is first on our Unique Sustainable Gifts list. The built in balance technology makes this board simple to control. Want to listen to music while you ride? Well they Jetson has you covered. With the bluetooth connection, you can unlock more than just access to your iTunes, you can adjust the settings to control your max speed and the sensitivity of the turning radios. But they didn't stop there! You can sync the LED lights up with your music so they change with the beat. Now who's the cool kid rolling down the side walk? The Jetson V5 Hover Board comes fully assembled out of the box. Al you have to do is charge the battery and you are ready to ride.
Next on our Unique Sustainable Gifts list are the Heavy Duty Cotton Duck Cloth Filled Synthetic Waterproof Black and Yellow Color Game regulation 6" x 6" Corn hole Bags from VALI. Phew that was a mouth full! These are great for the corn hole player in your life. This gift will pair nice with a homemade Corn Hole board or just a substitute for some old Corn Hole Bags. These sustainable gifts are filled with eco-friendly plastic pellets allowing it to withstand rainy and wet weather. This set includes 8 bags, 4 yellow and 4 black. The VALI Corn Hole Bags are made of 10oz heavy duty double stitched cotton duck cloth canvas fabric.
Fosters a sense of space and activate your imagination and creativity.
Improves cognitive and problem-solving abilities.
Recyclable Material and Solid Stickers.
Number 3 on the Unique Sustainable Gifts List is the Dreampark Pyraminx Pyramid Speed Cube. The Pyraminx is a spin on the very popular Rubik's Cube. Anti-pop technology allows for fast and smooth cornering and durable design. The Pyraminx is made from recyclable materials; including solid PVC stickers and ABS material, which are all non-toxic. This crafty little puzzle is perfect for the development of fine motor skills and dexterity. This fun little game is great for any puzzle lover. The pieces spin easily and fast, making it nice and quick to mix up. Solving the puzzle, on the other hand, is a completely different story...this is quite challenging! The Pyraminx is a comprehensive puzzle that improves on the problem solving and cognitive abilities of its users. It makes for hours of fun for people from ages 7 to 100!
Eco-Racers Solar Powered Remote Control Micro Cars are a very cool addition to our Unique and sustainable Gifts list. You can choose from three different kinds of racers; The Solar Powered Racer, the Wind Powered Racer, or the Water Powered Racer. Fast and fun, the Eco-Racers run on clean energy! These sustainable gifts include remote control micro car, renewable power plant, charging station, assembly guide, remote control unit, and a how it works poster. Fun for adults and kids and helps the environment. Batteries not included because you don't need them!
Number 5 on our Unique Sustainable Gifts List is the Ace Bayou Mesh Video Gaming Bean Bag with Lycra Sweet Spot. For the gamer in your life, this comfy chair is made of more than 50% recycled content. The ergonomic "L" shape design creates a rediculously comfortable chair you will never want to leave. The double stitched seams and stretchy Lycra sweet spot make it durable for gamers of all shapes and sizes.
What the Heck is Lycra?
For those of you who are unfamiliar with Lycra, it is a strong stretchy material which molds to the body to cut down on sweat. Think of spandex, maybe that will be on next year's sustainable gifts list 😉 . Ace Bayou also comes with double lock zippers, and a side storage pocket. The inside of the bean bag is filled with 6 cu ft newly expanded low density polystyrene eco-friendly beads, made of more than 50% recycled content. The bag is easy to move from room to room with the help of its top carry handle. A great buy for anyone who is going to be doing some intense gaming!
As we move down the list we arrive at the very elegant and #6 on the Unique Sustainable Gifts List, the Lovely Eco Friendly Handmade Ladies bracelet Watch With 100% Natural Sandalwood; a beautiful watch that is completely made by hand with 100% natural sandalwood. This item is a light weight watch, made of non toxic materials. It is hypo-allergenic and very comfortable. The natural wood gives the watch a very delicate scent. The imported Japanese quartz movement guarantees a durable and accurate time. This beautiful watch was made specifically for people that have sensitive skin or allergies. A must buy for anyone looking for classy sustainable gifts! This comes in both men's and women's styles. Sustainable gifts for everyone!
If you love coffee as much as we do, then# 7 on our Unique Sustainable Gifts List is the gift for you. The Bodum 10903-73US-1 Electric Burr Coffee Grinder is an excellent addition to any coffee lovers home. Bodum is an outstanding company. We own the French Press and absolutely love it! The Bistro Electric Burr Grinder crushes the beans between conical burrs. Unlike other grinders, this machine the Bistro Electric Burr Grinder crushes coffee beans instead of chopping them, which allows them to keep their freshness and aroma. You can adjust the variable grinder settings from a coarse French Press all the way down to a very fine grind for espresso.
The Bistro comes with a static free borosilicate glass press container that sits within the base of the unit, collecting coffee grounds. It also features a non slip silicone band for secure handling. The Bistro is made of 100% aluminum and is a beautiful copper color. Both the French Press and the Coffee Grinder are awesome sustainable gifts and great for the coffee lover in your life.
Coming in at number 9 on our list of Unique Sustainable Gifts is the Lenovo ThinkVision L1900p 19inch LCD Monitor. Now you might be thinking to yourself, "how is a monitor sustainable?" Well I will tell you!
This product is certified by the EPEAT also known as Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool. Computers with an EPEAT bronze, silver, or gold certificate contain minimal levels of toxic components; such as mercury, brominated flame retardants, lead, PVC and cadmium. Their parts are made from post consumer recycled plastic or renewable bio-based materials. The EPEAT states that consumers who purchased EPEAT computers in 2009 helped to prevent the disposal of 72,000 metric tons of hazardous waste and save over 10 billion kWh of electricity which is enough to power 900,000 homes in the U.S. for a year.
The Lenovo ThinkVision is a 19 inch monitor with a 5:4 aspect ratio. It has a dual input to attach two systems co-currently. This product has the EPEAT Gold rating and is an excellent buy!
#9 on our Unique Sustainable Gifts List is the Craft a Brew Intergalactic Pale Ale (Seventh Sun Brewing) Beer Brewing Kit. This beer kit is great for any first time brewer looking to make their own home brew. Try either the wheat beer or Gluten Free Brew Kit. Everything you need to start brewing is included; a glass jug, tubing/clamp, air lock, thermometer, rubber stopper, racking cane, funnel, your very own guide to craft brewing, and Intergalactic Pale Ale Recipe kit. This will produce 1 gallon of beer and does not include pots or empty beer bottles. My number one recommendation when using this kit is to take your time. Don't rush, follow the instructions. Once you start to get the hang of it, go ahead and experiment! Who knows, you may just stumble upon the next best beer!
Handmade oak wood mug accomplished in a beige (light brown) color.
Capacity: 20 ounces (0.6 liters).
All enthusiasts of beer along with fans of football or soccer; medieval fantasy novels and roleplaying games.
Now, with the interest of beer in mind we take you to the Handmade Beer Mug Oak Wood 0.6L 20oz Stainless Steel Cup. Handmade of natural oak wood, the mug is comfortable and light weight, making it the perfect mug for any beer drinker. It's stainless steel insert keeps the beer colder longer. The mug can hold 20.28oz. #10 on our Unique Sustainable Gifts List.
Multi-function - Integrate digital alarm clock, speaker, LED time display and thermometer all in one.
Number 11 on the Unique Sustainable Gifts List is another really interesting device. The Wooden Eco-Friendly Multi-function Qi Wireless Charger + Alarm Clock is a bluetooth clock/speaker with alarm and thermometer functions. It uses an integrate Qi wireless charger to keep the battery lasting. One of the coolest features of this alarm clock is it's ability to allow its users to charge their phone and play music through the bluetooth. The alarm clock is appropriate for QI compliant devices and for wireless charging such as the iPhone 4S-5S, HTC, Blackberry, and Samsung Galaxy S4 and beyond. These wireless capabilities will keep your space neat without all the messy cables. We sure do love sustainable gifts that make our lives easier!
Last but certainly not least on our Unique and Sustainable Gifts List is the Air Chair Original- Outdoor Inflatable Lounger. As far as sustainable gifts go this one is my favorite! It folds up nice and easy for on the go use and is easily inflated. You literally have to hold the bag open and spin... so it's kind of fun too. This outdoor chair allows you to rest on the beach, grass, or water in comfort. It loses very little air over long periods of time and is crazy comfortable! We tried these at an outdoor festival, and did not want to get up. So comfy!
Why We LOVE This Company!!
This product is made by an fantastic company called Two Tree Hammock Co. When we contacted them to ask to share with us their eco-friendly features, they responded immediately and with excitement! They were proud to state that with every product sold, they plant two trees. Talk about sustainable gifts! With already over 20,000 trees planted, Two Tree Hammer Co. is actively doing their part to save the planet. The packaging for their products are raw and recyclable. To reduce the carbon footprint, they ship bulk shipments by sea to Amazon. Their goal is to plant over 100,000 trees in 2017. Let's help them out! Thanks Two Tree Hammock Co. for your amazing contribution to our unique and sustainable gifts list!
Let Us Know About Your Shopping Experience!
So there you have it, our 12 Unique and Sustainable Gifts For the big kids. If any of these sustainable gifts tickle your fancy, please let us know by leaving a comment. If you have any suggestions for more sustainable gifts, please tell us. We would love to hear what you have to say! Thanks again for stopping by and checking out our sustainable gifts list!
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You can create beautiful websites with great typography using the @font-face kit of Cute Line font. Webfont and @font-face supported all up-to-date browsers can use comfortably.
@font-face is very easy to use, click here to download Cute Line webfont kit. The following example will guide you to the css and html codes.
Copyright(R)2000. Creation all rights reserved. Cute‐Line. Designed by Masato Shimojima : Design studio creation.


After Microsoft released the Windows 10 update in version number 1809, the USB drive transfer settings have been changed to take advantage of faster device removal rather than faster performance.
Previously, it was standard on only some devices with selected formats, while the 1809 update now makes it standard on absolutely all devices. The advantage is that you don't have to pay attention to how to remove the device after use, as you usually have to feed it out before you can safely remove the USB device without losing data.
Go to the search box in the Windows menu and search for "device management"
Check the "Better performance" checkbox, tick the box below for "enable write speed bugs for the disk".


text:
Home / Business / Eyes still on BNTCL
Eyes still on BNTCL
Rubis Caribbean is still very much interested in purchasing the state-owned Barbados National Terminal Company Oil Limited (BNTCL).
However, the company's chief executive officer Mauricio Nicholls has said he is content to have BNTCL store its oil even if Government chooses not to sell the business.
He made the comments following a courtesy visit by Minister of Small Business, Entrepreneurship and Commerce Dwight Sutherland to Rubis' Welches, St Thomas headquarters this morning.
Government had initially agreed to sell the BNTCL to SOL for US$100 million back in 2017.
However, Rubis, which wanted a stake in BNTCL and offered to pay US$50 million, strenuously objected to the deal and argued that the sale would be unfair and would hand a monopoly of the oil market to SOL. The agreement included a15-year moratorium clause in the Sale and Purchase Agreement.
Rubis filed for a judicial review of the approval and on November 23, 2018, the Fair Trading Commission ruled against the sale, saying that the proposed transaction, as it stood, would be anti-competitive.
← Appeal Court: Lawyers must join Bar Association
#BTEditorial – Women's rights are equal rights. So pay them equally. →


text:
No Meeting – Broomfield Rotary at Boulder Dinner Theater
« Broomfield Rotary Meeting – January 12, 2017
No Regular Meeting Tonight!
Join us for an evening at The Boulder Dinner Theater for 'Thoroughly Modern Millie'
The winner of six Tony Awards including Best Musical, Thoroughly Modern Millie was the 2002 season's most awarded new show on Broadway! Based on the 1967 Academy Award-winning film, Thoroughly Modern Millie takes you back to 1922, the height of the Jazz Age in New York City, when "moderns" including a flapper named Millie Dillmount were bobbing their hair, raising their hemlines, entering the workforce, and rewriting the rules of love. This high-spirited musical romp is a delightful valentine to the long-standing spirit of The Big Apple and the people who seek to discover themselves there.
Thoroughly Modern Millie tells the story of young Millie from Kansas who comes to The Big Apple in search of a new life for herself. Her grand plan is to find a job as a secretary for a wealthy man and then marry him. However, her plan goes completely awry. The owner of her dingy hotel kidnaps young girls to sell to the Far East; her wealthy boss is slow in proposing marriage; and the man she actually falls in love with doesn't have a dime to his name – or so he tells her.
Featuring explosive tap numbers and swinging music, including How the Other Half Lives, Only in New York and Gimme Gimme, you won't want to miss Millie!
Weekly Broomfield Rotary Meeting
Boulder Dinner Theater
5501 Arapahoe Ave
Boulder, CO 80303 United States + Google Map
http://www.bdtstage.com/event/thoroughly-modern-millie/


My wife planned a surprise trip to Vegas for me on my birthday. I was to meet four of my friends from our wedding (eight years ago) on Friday night. I found out I was leaving Friday morning. The note said "pack a bag for four days, grab a map and eat breakfast...you have a long day ahead of you."
Flying was too expensive from where I live in Eastern Oregon. It was going to be much cheaper in the long run if I drove. I got out of town around 8 am and headed to Vegas using back highways. I intentionally took roads that would take me to ET highway because I was planning on making a trip there this fall and I wanted to know where everything was. I stopped in Rachel to stretch my legs. As I continued on I made a note of where the "Black Mailbox" was. A few miles later I saw the dirt road that goes to A51. I had people to meet, so I pressed on.
The plan was for me to leave Vegas on Monday at noon so I could be back home by 10 pm. I didn't get out of town until 1:30, but I knew I could make up the time. As I was coming down from the pass that overlooks the dirt road to A51 I saw three dust trails. I couldn't resist. As I got close to the turn off there was a midnight blue minivan turning onto the highway. There were no markings on the front and as I went by it I tried to look in but the windows were so tinted (even the driver side) I couldn't even see daylight through them. When they went by I looked at the rear of the vehicle. No markings at all once again. Cool, I've seen my second unmarked car (the first was on the drive Monday, it was a white Jeep, but it had some numbers on the side). As I drove along the road I found that the other two clouds were other sightseers. One was a convertible, with the top down. They waved me on to pass them. Why? I lost them in the cloud of dust. I saw another dust cloud on top of a hill, but for all I knew I was going to be on the same hill in a few minutes so I didn't think anything of it. When I got to the gate there was a tour truck there with a few people. I told the guide I was a little disappointed that there wasn't a cammo dude watching. He said that they had just left but would be back soon probably.
I had my picture taken by the sign, and the tan truck showed up at the top of the hill again. I took another picture of a sign with him in the background. I had seen and done all I wanted to at the post, so I went back to the highway. I stopped for a picture of the mailbox. I may or may not have left a mark on it, I can't precisely recollect. Or to Clintonize it...it depends on your definition of "mark."
I stopped by the Lil'A Le Inn to buy some things for the kids and went on my way. When I got to the next pass I remembered that there was a paved road that went along the border of Nellis. I wondered if this was the "northern gate" entrance with a guard building. I started driving the road towards a group of trees on the horizon. On the left hand side of the road in the middle of nowhere there was a white truck. I watched it on the way to the trees. All that I discovered was an abandoned ranch house and several cattle. I turned around and headed back towards the highway. But the truck still bothered me. I wondered if I got close enough to it I would find that it would chase me off. So I just turned right and started trekking across the desert towards the truck. About a half a mile away from it I slowed down a little and saw something on the ground that looked man made. I got out of the truck to go look. It was part of a dummy missile used in bombing runs. I threw it in the back of my suburban. When I got within 75 yards one of the three camouflaged men came towards my truck. I stopped and rolled down my window. He was very polite. He asked who I was. "Are you with the BLM?" "No" "Military?" "No, I'm just passing by and I was curious as to who you were." He said they were with the Air Force and they were in the middle of an exercise. I asked him if I needed to leave and he said it wasn't necessary. "Have you ever seen a HALO jump?" I said I hadn't and he said, "You're about to, in exactly (looking at his watch) 2 min." "I would ask that you not drive around any more, until we're done." He suggested I get out for a better view. I of course couldn't wait to get a picture. The plane became visible shortly; it looked like a modified C-5 or something similar. After it was above us we started to see the dots coming out of the back. One of the jumpers had a chute that didn't open correctly and was flapping behind him.
The auxiliary chute worked fine, but the officer in charge quickly left me and drove the truck to where the soldier was landing. There was another gentleman still with the equipment and I wandered over to talk to him. His name was Eric and he looked to be about 22. He said they were an Air Force special ops communications group out of N. Carolina. They're the ones that get dropped behind enemy lines for recon and calling in strikes (among other things). He suggested that in the coming months of the war in Afghanistan the public would be hearing more and more about things they have a hand in. It sounded really awesome. He asked me to do him a favor. "We don't get a lot of attention. It's hard to find people even IN the military that know who we are. Could you when you get back tell people about who we are and what we do? We could use a few more people." I told him I'd be happy to and asked if he wanted me to get a picture of the team once they were on the ground. He thought that would be great.
I waited, took the picture, and they gave me a ride back to my suburban. One of the men gave me his e-mail address so I could send him the picture. They were going to hike for a couple of days now. I wished them well and went on my way. I was now four hours behind schedule. But it was worth it.


text:
driving lessons shefford, driving instructor shefford, pass plus Shefford
T & C's car
B+E Towing
BBC Traffic Cops 2012 - Killer on the Loose
The traffic cops deal with a mystery death after a passing cyclist discovers a man's body in the undergrowth. It could be a tragic case of 'hit and run',' but with no clues as to how or why he came to be there, the police can't be sure. What they do know is that the killer is still on the loose.
Starring Sgt. Neil Emmerson
© 2020 by Links Driving School. All rights reserved.


text:
Modern pilots Russia Air Force. Set №5 Scale 1/48 Modern pilots Russia Air Force. Set №5 Scale 1/48
Modern pilots Russia Air Force (Syria). Set №3 Scale 1/48 Modern pilots Russia Air Force (Syria). Set №3 Scale 1/48
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The Northumberland Fisheries Museum prides itself on preserving the rich sea heritage and culture along the Northumberland Strait. This local attraction pays tribute to the life and times of all those involved, past and present, in the fishing industry in the region. Located on the Pictou Waterfront there are many interesting exhibits and programs to enjoy.


xv, 290 p. : ill., facsims., forms, geneal. tables, ports.
Selected bibliography of Hispanic reference works by country: p. 129- 142.
"Testimonials from those who had used 'Tracing Your Hispanic Heritage' and requests for copies of it reassured me of the continuing need for an updated version. New topics in the index dealing with such diverse areas as computers, impediments to marriage, microfilming, family history centers, centralization of parish records, and many reference book titles indicate that this new edition of 'Tracing Your Hispanic Heritage' offers much that was not in its predecessor." -- p. xi.
Spain - Genealogy - Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Latin America - Genealogy - Handbooks, manuals, etc.


Your product must change in order to stay relevant. However, unless you're pivoting towards a different user base, you need to be aware of how that change will impact your users. Make this an action item from the beginning in backlog grooming, release planning, and design.
Here are some steps you can take to ensure changes to product features and user experiences are successful.
The best possible change may well be the one your users don't see. If they can still execute their tasks in the same way, the impact is non-existent. A significant performance enhancement is a good example of this. This is not to say you should avoid new use cases or alternate paths to existing ones, just to start from a position that the current use case will still be valid. Barring that, consider the next two steps.
That last option will increase the likelihood that your users will get the message and be prepared.
While this step should be taken no matter what you do (and is a key usability heuristic), it is especially true when you're asking your users to follow new paths. Despite your best efforts, people will likely make mistakes, especially if they're working off of muscle memory. Since the tendency is for users to blame themselves, you want to assure them that everything is OK and here is how you can back out of that mistake.
Change is easier to consume in small bites spread over time. Not only will this minimize the impact on your users, but it will also give you a chance to test certain approaches to see which ones work best. Aim for evolution over revolution.
I know, I'm preaching to the choir here, but I want to emphasize how important this is during periods of transition. Hypothesize ahead of time how you expect the change will impact your users' behavior. Define what a good outcome looks like as well as several possible bad outcomes. Be ready to react quickly so as to minimize the negative.
Once you master this process it may become THE way to manage user interface changes to your product over time. Change is a constant, be prepared for it and shield your users.
Give your product management and UX design teams a competitive edge. Whether you are designing a new product, or giving an established one a facelift, or even a completely fresh user journey, we can accelerate your teams ability to deliver products your customers love.


The National Executive Board (NEB), is responsible for setting direction and policy for the organization as well as overseeing NSBE and on a holistic level and monitoring results to ensure the organization is achieving our mission. Serving the membership on the NEB will both challenge you and broaden your horizons. Please ensure you fully understand the commitment ahead of you and seek advice in preparation for this level of leadership—you will be responsible for the development of thousands of members and a budget in millions of dollars.
To ensure you are prepared for your future leadership role, we have a National Candidate certification process in place. These requirements are outlined in this handbook.
I commend your initiative to further our mission by seeking a position at the highest level of this organization and good luck in your pursuit of a NEB position. Feel free to contact me if you have any questions or concerns.


The world's largest largest wireless telecommunications show, Mobile World Congress, is just getting started here in Barcelona, Spain where this week dozens of new handsets and tablets will debut. Every February, thousands of journalists, industry people and enthusiasts gather at the picturesque Fira de Barcelona to find out what the next hottest smartphones, tablets and apps will be in the year to come.
Before the show even officially kicked-off Sony Ericsson has already announced its Xperia Play gaming phone (aka the "Playstation phone"), Samsung unveiled the Galaxy Tab 10.1 the Galaxy S II smartphone, and LG announced a 3D smartphone and tablet. We're expecting to see even more tablets, including one possibly from HTC, and of course more 4G phones with dual-core processors. The show officially opens today and runs through Thursday.
Most news coming out of Mobile World Congress impacts Europe first and the US eventually. For example, last year HTC introduced a new line-up of Android phones that debuted in Europe first, but then came to the United States under different names and slightly tweaked specs.
But the show isn't entirely Europe-centric; some really big news that affected the entire industry has been announced here. Two years ago, the second Android phone, the HTC Magic (known as the myTouch in the States) made its debut and last year, Microsoft announced its brand new operating system, Windows Phone 7.
Mobile World Congress draws people as well as companies from all over the world. For example, in one hall you might see Japanese carrier Docomo, RIM Blackberry and an Ireland-based app developer. In terms of scale, Mobile World Congress is about as large as CES -- except just about every booth is showcasing something mobile-related.
LG will be making an announcement this morning and HTC will hold their press conference tomorrow morning. Check back here for exciting news from both of these companies as well more news and hands-ons coming straight from the show floor.


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Q: values passed into kernel getting messy I'm trying to initialize some structs on the device, but when they come back, theyre all messy. I know that something is wrong with how I'm using my pointers, but I cant seem to figure it out.
heres my memory allocation on the host
body* devBodies;
body** devBodyList;
float* devRandoms;
cudaMalloc((void**)&devBodies, n * sizeof(body));
cudaMalloc((void**)&devBodyList, n * sizeof(body*));
cudaMalloc((void**)&devRandoms, n * 3 * sizeof(float));

heres my function call, where devRandoms is just a list of floats.
CUDAInitBodies<<<n,1>>>(devBodyList, devBodies, devRandoms);

and heres my method:
__global__ void CUDAInitBodies(body** devBodyList, body* devBody, float* rand)
{
    int j;
    int tid = blockIdx.x;
    *(devBodyList[tid]) = devBody[tid];
    devBodyList[tid]->id = tid;
    devBodyList[tid]->m = 10;
    for(j = 0; j < 3; j++)
    {
        devBodyList[tid]->a[j] = 0;
        devBodyList[tid]->v[j] = 0;
        devBodyList[tid]->pos[j] = rand[(tid * 3) + j];
    }

}

when I then copy the data back to the host:
body* bodies = (body*)malloc(n * sizeof(body));
cudaMemcpy(bodies, devBodies, n * sizeof(body), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);

when I print out the variables of my "body", I get this:
====BODY[-581043205]====
    M = -42522218781525353518415985938704367616.000000
    V = [-311601248975690312470654313562112.000000, 17269896096570671104.000000, 307939529506715418513587721849804947456.000000]
    X = -19247336126697914498972549714433540096.000000
    Y = 17731266573644159438123340575306416128.000000
    Z = -544771403677696.000000

I've trying different ways of doing this for quite a while, but nothing seems to be doing the trick

A: The reason you are getting garbage output is that you are dereferencing an uninitialized pointer at this line of code in your kernel:
*(devBodyList[tid]) = devBody[tid];

On the host, you allocated storage for an array of pointers here:
cudaMalloc((void**)&devBodyList, n * sizeof(body*));

That only creates storage for the array of pointers.  It does not set any of the pointers in the array to point to anything valid.
Each member of the array is a pointer to a body struct, using the first member as an example:
devBodyList[0]

But that pointer does not point to anything (valid) unless you initialize it, with a statement like (in device code):
devBodyList[0] = &(devBody[0]);

Now I can use devBodyList[0] as a pointer to the body structure allocated at devBody[0].  Note that devBodyList[0] is stored on the device, so to initialize it I must either:

*

*Initialize it in device code before using it (such as the above line of code).

*Initialize it on the host, but setting up a valid pointer and then using an operation like cudaMemcpy to copy that initialized value to the device storage that was allocted.

Unless you account for the above, when you go to use the pointer, it will contain a garbage value, and dereferencing it will produce invalid accesses.  You can see evidence of these invalid accesses by running your code with cuda-memcheck.  You'll get a message like "invalid global write..."
Here's a fully worked code, based on your pieces, that does not produce garbage results.  (I'm not saying it's particularly sensible, since using devBodyList[x] to refer to devBody[x] seems unnecessary to me.)  But it is legal code and will not produce any kernel errors:
#include <stdio.h>

struct body {
int id;
int m;
int a[3];
int v[3];
float pos[3];
};

__global__ void CUDAInitBodies(body** devBodyList, body* devBody, float* rand)
{
    int j;
    int tid = blockIdx.x;
    devBodyList[tid] = &(devBody[tid]);
    *(devBodyList[tid]) = devBody[tid];
    devBodyList[tid]->id = tid;
    devBodyList[tid]->m = 10;
    for(j = 0; j < 3; j++)
    {
        devBodyList[tid]->a[j] = 0;
        devBodyList[tid]->v[j] = 0;
        devBodyList[tid]->pos[j] = rand[(tid * 3) + j];
    }

}

int main(){
  int n = 1;
  body *devBodies;
  body **devBodyList;
  float *devRandoms;

  cudaMalloc((void**)&devBodies, n * sizeof(body));
  cudaMalloc((void**)&devBodyList, n * sizeof(body*));
  cudaMalloc((void**)&devRandoms, n * 3 * sizeof(float));

  CUDAInitBodies<<<n,1>>>(devBodyList, devBodies, devRandoms);

  body* bodies = (body*)malloc(n * sizeof(body));
  cudaMemcpy(bodies, devBodies, n * sizeof(body), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);

  printf("Body %d\n", bodies[0].id);
  printf("M : %d\n", bodies[0].m);
  printf("V : %d\n", bodies[0].v[0]);
  return 0;
}


G Mitarai, April 14, 1993, "Space Tourism and Space Medicine", A comment presented at JRS Space Tourism Study Conference held on April 14, 1993. Edited and translated into English from taped transcript originally in Japanese. Originally published in the Journal of Space Technology and Science, Vol.9 No.1 '93 spring, pp.13-15.
A comment presented at JRS Space Tourism Study Conference held on April 14, 1993. Edited and translated into English from taped transcript originally in Japanese.
Copyright � 1993 by Japanese Rocket Society . All rights reserved.
On my return to Japan after this, I found a letter on my desk inviting me to make comments on the space tourism study today. The excitement I experienced in Disney World might have made me more aggressive than usual. I responded to the letter positively.
I now remember with surprise what made me decide to take a ride on the thrilling Space Mountain. I think I completely trusted in the safety of the attraction; both the vehicle and its operation. When we fly with air lines, we believe the aircraft is absolutely safe, that is why we use it as transportation. This fact is apparently shown by the statistics of general aviation. Therefore, the most important condition for space tourism is safety. This is the premise of my comments to follow.
At first, I would like to discuss the space environment from the medical point of view.
Most aircraft used for transportation are pressurized. The pressure level is equivalent to an altitude of 2700m for transoceanic flights. In the case of space vehicles the pressure program to match the rate of climb will be a key issue. The gas composition will be another issue, since the cabin atmosphere will be made of a mixture of gases carried in bottles.
This is a special feature of space flight different from aircraft. At first, the high acceleration during ascent to space is inevitable. To our knowledge, the maximum endurable level of acceleration depends on the direction acting on the human body. Four G acting from head to foot will cause blackout, while two G is the maximum in the reverse direction. The relations of endurable G and direction of acceleration are shown by Figure in the next page.
In this figure, curve A is the case of water immersion, that is the human body in water. In this case, tolerable G levels are higher than 10 and tolerable time is 4 minutes for 10G. Other curves are acceptable if they are out side the solid line which represents a constant acceleration level and duration for typical launching conditions. It is most favorable for the acceleration level to be kept lower than 3 G.
Slow pitching and rolling motion will cause air sickness, but I do not know much about the motion of space launch vehicles. Vibration and acoustic noise should be eliminated for passenger transportation. It should be noted that many medical data including the diagram shown here are concerned with physiological limits, which are too severe for tourist passengers.
Space sickness is caused by weightlessness. Sea sickness can be compared to space sickness, but the conditions of seasickness which can be defined by the three symptoms of cold sweat, nausea and pale face are not observed in the case of space sickness. A person suffering from spacesickness suddenly throws up without bad feeling. It is necessary to make a medicine to cure the sickness. When one is space sick, it is difficult to eat medicine, so that an ointment type of medicine should be studied.
Spacesickness is the main medical problem for space tourism. In this space tourism study plan, the phase one tour was proposed based on the assumption that three hours flight in weightless condition would not cause spacesickness. I am skeptical about this assumption. At present astronauts undertake various forms of physical training, which seem to improve their durability against space sickness. I am afraid some ordinary people may become sick in several minutes, as in the case of seasickness. Human blood moves to the upper past of the body under weightless condition. This occurs even during the short period of the phase one tour.
The Atlantic anomaly located between the altitudes of 90 and 160 km over the southern Atlantic ocean will be considered to be dangerous to human bodies.
In the scenario prepared for the proposed study, passengers are assumed to take a health inspection while they are enjoying rides on various types of attractions. This reminded me of my father's case. When he flew with airlines, there was a rule to reject aged persons who were older than seventy years old. But he always lied about his age. To make sure of this, I asked Japan Air Line if they had such old documents, but the answer was no.
For the future space tours, I hate to hang a sign to reject those who are "aged", and have "high blood pressure" and "lumbago". But we have to be careful of such a people who are determined to make their last tour to space. Actually the airlines have a simple criterion to check such a passenger. One such rule specifies warning against disease of the heart, low blood pressure, hypoxia and so on. However, some of these criteria are not clear, and so not useful. Thus, this is just an information for discussion.
In conclusion, medical aspects of space tourism can be discussed in such a frame work like this, but I would like to emphasize that only a few accidents can damage the dream of space tourism. In this respect, we should study practical themes such as the best angle of reclining seat or the attitude of passengers during flight, based on the phase one tourism described in the scenario.
NASA CR-1205, Compendium of Human Responses to the Aerospace Environment, Nov. 1968, Fig. 7-8 in p.7-20.
Genyo Mitarai graduated in 1946 from Nagoya University where he also received his M . D. degree in 1954. From 1967 he was a Professor in the Department of Aerospace Physiology, at the Research Inst. of Environ. Med., Nagoya University, until 1984 when he retired as the Director of the Institute. Then he was invited to Chukyo University as Professor, and was appointed Dean from 1989, retiring in 1992. He is now a lecturer of the University. His major fields have been electrophysiology of the retina, and equilibrium physiology. He proposed a medical experiment for the Japanese First Material Processing Test (FMPT) mission. After it was accepted, he worked for preparation of the flight as the Principal Investigator until his retirement from Nagoya University. Later the experiment was successfully carried out by his colleagues onboard Spacelab/Space Shuttle in 1992. Since 1962, he was a councillor of Japan Society of Space, Aviation and Environ. Med, for which he serves as Chairman of Board of Directors. He is member of many academic societies including the Japanese Rocket Society .


text:
Keith Ripley
Thematic Expert for Latin America and the Caribbean, Chemicals AND Waste Policy (US)
ITTC-52 Selects New Executive Director, Adopts ITTO Reforms
UN Photo/Eva Fendiaspara
The 52nd session of the International Tropical Timber Council (ITTC-52) moved to restore confidence in the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO).
It adopted decisions on the selection of an ITTO Executive Director and on budget measures, transparency, a new finance governance architecture and related administrative rule changes to address the funds impairment announced at ITTC-51.
12 November 2016: The 52nd session of the International Tropical Timber Council (ITTC-52) moved to restore confidence in the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) by adopting decisions on the selection of an ITTO Executive Director (ED), budget measures, transparency, a finance governance architecture and related administrative rule changes to address the funds impairment announced at ITTC-51.
ITTC-52 and the Associated Sessions of its four Committees met in Yokohama, Japan, from 7-12 November 2016.
A major focus of ITTC-52 was the selection of a new ED, since ITTC-50 and ITTC-51 had failed to agree on a candidate. During the week, ITTC-52 considered six candidates from Brazil, Germany, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sweden and the US. At the end of the session, the Council selected by acclamation Gerhard Dieterle (Germany). Dieterle, who is to take up his position early in 2017, currently is Program Manager for the Forest Investment Program (FIP) and the Dedicated Grant Mechanism for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (DGM) at the World Bank. In his campaign speech to ITTC-52, he called for ITTO to make the case that forest use does not threaten biodiversity conservation. He said forests' key role in economic growth and conservation should unlock new financial resources for scaling up sustainable forest management (SFM) and sustainable value chains. Upon his appointment, Dieterle pledged to work to ensure ITTO's strength and growth, and to nurture partnership between producer and consumer countries.
ITTC-52 also addressed the US$18 million fund impairment announced at ITTC-51 in November 2015. The Council extended the current Biennial Work Programme (BWP) by one year while urging members to consider making additional resources available through voluntary contributions or in-kind resources. It also adopted guidelines for the ED to apply to projects and activities pledged before ITTC-51 in addressing the financial shortfall. To ensure that such a shortfall never happens again, ITTC-52 revised ITTO Financial Rules and Procedures, created an Investment Oversight Panel and new Investment Policy, gave the Committee on Finance and Administration (CFA) more oversight power, adopted new auditing standards, as well as new reporting, procurement and tender procedures, revised the Staff Rules and Regulations and adopted new standards of conduct for the ED.
As a vote of confidence in the reforms adopted, the US announced US$845,000 in voluntary pledges to the ITTO Fellowship Programme and other work, while Japan said it will release US$2.6 million in voluntary funds once the reforms are implemented.
As a vote of confidence in these reforms, the US announced US$845,000 in voluntary pledges to the ITTO Fellowship Programme, as well as ITTO work on, inter alia, cooperation with the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), criteria and indicators, gender equity guidelines, mangrove forests and ecosystems, and stakeholder engagement. Japan said it will release US$2.6 million in voluntary funds once the reforms are implemented.
In an ITTC-52 decision on projects, pre-projects and activities, Council authorized financing for immediate implementation of a project on SFM in Ecuador, 11 projects and pre-projects approved during 2016 that were pending full or partial financing, ten projects approved in earlier project cycles or through Council decisions, ten activities in the BWP 2015-2016, and an activity on timber legality legislation.
Another ITTC-52 decision established an intersessional Ad Hoc Working Group to consider rotation in the framework of the selection of the ED, namely whether and how the ED position might be rotated between producer and consumer member countries. The Working Group will be comprised of experts serving in their personal capacity, and must present the results of its work to ITTC-53.
In other work, ITTC-52: approved the Guidelines for Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Assessment in ITTO Projects (ESIA Guidelines), to be used on a pilot basis in elaborating ITTO projects until the ITTO project manuals can be updated to reflect them; discussed ITTO's ongoing cooperation with CITES, developments regarding forests in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and the work of the ITTO/Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Collaborative Initiative; held the Annual Market Discussion under the theme 'Free Trade Agreements: Challenges and Opportunities for Tropical Timber'; and agreed to hold ITTC-53 in Lima, Peru from 27 November to 2 December 2017. [ITTO Press Release] [ITTC-52 Documents] [IISD-RS Coverage of ITTC-52] [IISD SDG Knowledge Hub Stories on ITTO]
52nd Session of the International Tropical Timber Council and Associated Sessions of the Committees
Biodiversity, Governance, Conservation, Gender, Sustainable Use, REDD+, SFM, Forests & REDD, Economics & Investment, International Negotiations, Stakeholder Participation, Climate Change, Monitoring & Evaluation, National Action, Follow-Up and Review
Means of Implementation, Finance, Trade, Systemic Issues, Policy & Institutional Coherence, Data, Monitoring & Accountability
CBD, ITTO, UNFCCC, CITES, World Bank, International Financial Institution, Multilateral Environmental Agreement Body
Outcome, Meeting, ENB
Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Northern America, South America, Eastern Asia, South-Eastern Asia
ITTO Releases 2015 Annual Report
31 October 2016 | Elsa Tsioumani, Ph.D., SDG Knowledge Hub


text:
Rite Aid gives $723,000 to Children's Hospital, celebrating $100 million milestone
Rite Aid Corp., based in Camp Hill, Pennsylvania, has given a total of $723,000 to Children's Miracle Network at Penn State Children's Hospital over the past year. This total includes gifts from Rite Aid customers during an in-store campaign, support from Rite Aid vendors and associates, and The Rite Aid Foundation and its Kids Cents program.
December 8, 2020Penn State Health News
The support from Rite Aid is a significant share of the company's $100 million in total giving over the last 26 years to 53 Children's Miracle Network Hospitals in 18 states. This includes $7.78 million for Penn State Children's Hospital to support research, equipment and programs like Child Life, a pediatric patient assistance fund and medical camp scholarships.
"We're fortunate to have Rite Aid headquartered right here in our own backyard," said Deborah Berini, president, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. "As our neighborhood pharmacy, they not only support our patients and families in their routine care needs, but we're grateful that they've chosen to extend their health and wellness focus to support patients at Penn State Children's Hospital."
One of those patients is Kevin Clancy of Camp Hill. He was treated at Penn State Children's Hospital in 2008 after suffering a life-threatening brain injury from an accident on an inflatable slide. Kevin now works at Rite Aid's corporate headquarters and supports the company's fundraising efforts.
Later this week, patients and their families will also receive holiday toys and treats donated by The Rite Aid Foundation.
Alumnus gift supports dermatology fellow training in skin cancer surgery
The Medical Minute: How you can donate blood safely now
Neidert named Penn State Health corporate director of security
Children are not immune: Penn State Health pediatrics work overtime to mitigate COVID's effects


After hibernating for seven odd years, the custodian appointed under the Special Courts Act has become extremely busy indeed. On Thursday, the custodian moved court to stop the sale of property worth Rs 64 crore by the Killick Nixon companies to Global Trust Bank, after it was brought to its notice that the companies belong to a notified party—T B Ruia who is committed to pay up the same sum to the custodian. It also notified 11 more entities for the 1992 scam—they include Ajay Kayan and Shyam Sunder Dalmia who are powerful heavy weights of the Kolkata stock market. It also notified Dhyan Investments—which used to be an investment subsidiary of the Reliance group in 1992 and has since been spun off. Having notified 15 new entities in just over six weeks, the custodian is now busy defending its actions in court. Several weeks after the notification, the custodian is still to clarify whether its order freezes all assets of the notified parties until the date of notification or only for the period April 1, 1991 to June 6, 1992. This has led to some strange situations. For instance, in one case, the notified party told the Court of Justice Palekar that the claim against him was a mere Rs 5 lakh. Even after compounding interest on this sum at the highest rates, the claim would not exceed Rs 30 lakh, yet all assets of the person have been notified until the year 2001. Justice Paleker granted some immediate relief to the person, but it leaves one wondering whether the ambiguities and absurdities are meant to cause confusion or aid the scam investigation.
It is strange how India's number one exchange—which single-handedly dragged the Indian capital market into the era of automation, technology and international best practices, still cannot get its official website to work. Earlier the ticker tape on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) website used to freeze when you logged on; now it keeps moving but clearly cannot handle the strain —so the numbers and characters have all clashed together into one undecipherable mess. So you have a moving tape, but still can't get the quotes. The good news is that the NSE wants you to write in and give it all the feedback. In fact, it has this huge window, which pops into your face and covers the screen almost beseeching you to write in with your suggestions. But it is not so easy. Try doing it and you find your comments rejected unless you are willing to fill out a lengthy form seeking a load of biographical data. Naturally, you exit without bothering with the feedback and NSE probably thinks it has a great website. Surely it should know that let alone feedback, most surfers are extremely reluctant to part with personal information even when they are registering for a much needed service.
The Swadeshi Jagran Manch has found something to cheer in the World Bank's world developmental report, which identifies the Gounder community of Tirupur for special mention (pg. 175). It points out that Tirupur, which developed into a huge international centre for knitted garments in the 1990s, owes its success to the unique informal financing system of the Gounder community which had succeeded where the state banking monopoly had been ineffective. Knitted garments are a capital-intensive business and the high growth rate at Tirupur made it even more capital-hungry. This capital was raised within the Gounder cast using family and community networks through long established informal credit institutions, rotating savings and credit associations. The report says that 'these networks were viewed as more reliable in transmitting information and enforcing contracts than the banking and legal systems that offered weak protection of creditor rights'. Moreover, the intense competition in the garment industry ensured that good money would not follow bad, and that firms would pay attention to the needs of customers. Further, once the Gounder network stimulated trade, it also allowed outsiders to access the formal financing systems and exploit newer opportunities at even lower costs and better economies of scale. It points out that instead of using caste merely as a political tool it would also be exploited to spur economic growth in the community and country.
TAILPIECE: The Reserve Bank of India's decision on increasing the limit for endorsement of foreign exchange on passports will be a big relief for those who want to buy it at the airport. There is only one counter run by the State Bank of India, where one waited for 45 minutes in a queue of three and realised long after changing the money that the staff forgets to return any change below Rs 100.


Take a trip to the vanilla sky of flavor. This vannila swirl is the perfect mixture of the finest vanilla blends.
I'm totaly ok with the first comment, this is a Vanilla really subtle, and there is alot of different type of vanilla. The only thing is, i think, to stay a little bit for a time of stiping.
Immediately enters my top 5 favorite juices. Sometimes I just want a Vanilla without the heavy custard flavor. You can definitely get the multiple vanillas while vaping. You'd be a fool not to try!


text:
Theses >
博士 (地球環境科学) >
Factors causing extinction of a freshwater pearl mussel, Margaritifera laevis in Japan (Bivalvia: Unionoida)
博士論文.pdf 3.59 MB PDF View/Open
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:http://doi.org/10.14943/doctoral.k8382
Title: Factors causing extinction of a freshwater pearl mussel, Margaritifera laevis in Japan (Bivalvia: Unionoida)
Other Titles: 日本におけるカワシンジュガイMargaritifera laevisの絶滅要因(二枚貝綱イシガイ目)
Authors: Akiyama, Yoshihiro1 Browse this author
Authors(alt): 秋山, 吉寛1
Abstract: Freshwater bivalves are endangered nowadays the world over. One group of freshwater bivalve, Margaritiferidae is a family that is particularly endangered and is devised for conservation measure in many countries. Life history of unionoida including Margaritiferidae is very unique and their larvae known as glochidia are parasitic to fish and/or amphibians. Accordingly, host and population dynamics of Margaritiferidae are closely related. The major objective of the present study was to clarify the mechanism and cause of extinction of a Margaritiferid, Margaritifera laevis. For the purpose of age estimation, marked mussels were reared in situ for one year and it was confirmed that internal and external growth bands of the shell increased annually. Both growth rings on the shell surface and growth bands on the cross-sectional surface of shell ligament could be used for determination of mussel age. For comprehending the status of growth and recruitment success, shell sizes and ages were examined for 14 populations in Japan. Irrespective of their reproductive potential, some populations lacked juveniles. These populations would become extinct if environment of habitat was not improved. The Lack of juveniles in mussel populations as described above is observed worldwide, and has been considered as the major cause of margaritiferid extinction. It was implied that the lack of juveniles in mussel populations was associated with dam and eutrophication. For clarifying the mechanism and cause of the lack of juveniles, I compared two contrasting populations, i.e. the population in the Chitose River which consists of adult and juvenile mussels, and the population in Abira River which consists of adult mussels only. Adult mussels in the Abira River had full reproductive potential indicated by glochidial release from exhalant siphon, parasitism on host fish and growth of parasitic glochidia. Accordingly, the reproductive potential was not the cause of the lack of juveniles. Survival rate in the early life stage from free-living glochidia to juveniles was lower in the Chitose River. Free-living glochidia cannot survive without infection to hosts. Although viability in the free-living glochidial stage was superior in the Abira River, it was suggested that the survival rate of free-living glochidia in the Abira River was inferior due to a low density of host fish and a low rate of overlap of distribution between mussels and host fish. In the Abira River, the rate of glochidial infection to host was higher and the mean number of attached glochidia per host was larger. However the water temperature in the Abira River was colder than that in the Chitose River, which extended the duration of parasitic stage exposing attached glochidia to immune attack by host fish. In rearing juveniles in the rivers survival times were shorter in the Abira River, irrespective of the origin of glochidia. This suggested that the environment in the Abira River was not appropriate for juvenile mussels. Therefore, the lack of juveniles in M. laevis was caused by the low survival rate in early life stages irrespective of the mussel's reproductive potential. Furthermore, the population dynamics of host fish was closely related to that of M. laevis. In Margaritiferidae, sizes of glochidia were smaller than those in the other Unionoida and glochidium does not have a hook. Accordingly their host species and the suitable parts for their glochidia to attach on the host are extremely restricted. Survival time in free-living glochidia in Margaritiferidae is also shorter than that in the other Unionoida. These traits in Margaritiferidae make success rate of parasitism to keep low. The duration of the parasitic stage in Margaritiferidae is typically longer than that in the other Unionoida. In Margaritiferidae, attached glochidia are originally easy to be excluded by host immunity and their survival rate is typically low. In general, the survival of Margaritiferidae during the early life stages strongly depends on the distribution, population dynamics and physiological response of host fish.
Conffering University: 北海道大学
Degree Report Number: 甲第8382号
Degree Level: 博士
Degree Discipline: 地球環境科学
Type: theses (doctoral)
Appears in Collections: 学位論文 (Theses) > 博士 (地球環境科学)
Submitter: 秋山 吉寛
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MathJax is now OFF:
- Hokkaido University


With a simple swipe on the myStrom App, switch the myStrom Wi-Fi Bulb on and off. And with the slider, dim the light as you please.
Light has a great influence on how people feel. With the myStrom Wi-Fi Bulb, wake up to stimulating orange or watch TV and chill in a blue light.
The myStrom Wi-Fi Bulb simulates your presence - one of the best ways to prevent break-ins.
myStrom provides insight and control over your entire household. .Thanks to their smart products, you'll effortlessly know exactly how much energy you use.