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WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center
ADMINISTRATIVE PANEL DECISION
OfficeMax, Inc. and OMX, Inc. v. Zuccarini
Case No. D2002-0354
1. The Parties
Complainants are OfficeMax, Inc., 3605 Warrensville Center Rd., Shaker Heights, Ohio 44122, and OMX, Inc., 300 S. Fourth St., Suite 1100, Las Vegas, Nevada 89101, United States of America (collectively, "OfficeMax").
Respondent is John Zuccarini ("Zuccarini"), 957 Bristol Pike, Suite D-6
Andalusia, Pennsylvania 19020, United States of America.
2. Domain Name and Registrar
The domain name at issue is: <officmax.com> (the "Domain Name").
The registrar is CSL GmbH d/b/a joker.com (the "Registrar"), Rathausufer 16, 40213 Duesseldorf, Germany.
3. Procedural History
The WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center (the "Center") received the Complaint by e-mail on April 15, 2002, and in hard copy on May 3, 2002. The Center verified that the Complaint satisfies the formal requirements of the ICANN Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Policy"), the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Rules"), and the WIPO Supplemental Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Supplemental Rules"). Complainants made the required payment to the Center.
On April 18, 2002, the Center transmitted via e-mail to the Registrar a request for registrar verification in connection with this case. On April 22, 2002, the Registrar transmitted via e-mail to the Center its response, confirming that (1) a copy of the Complaint was sent to it by Complainants as required by Supplemental Rule 4(b); (2) the Domain Name was registered through it; (3) Respondent is the current registrant of the Domain Name; (4) the Administrative, Technical and Billing Contacts for the Domain Name are the Respondent; (5) the Policy applies to the Domain Name; and (6) the Domain Name is active.
On May 7, 2002, the Center transmitted the Notification of Complaint and Commencement of Administrative Proceeding, together with a copy of the Complaint, via e-mail with copy by courier (FedEx) to Respondent and to the Registrar. The Center advised that Respondent's Response was due by May 27, 2002, pointed out that the Response should be in accordance with the Rules and the Supplemental Rules, and described the consequences of a default if the Response was not sent by the due date. The Center also noted that Complainants had elected for a single panelist to decide this matter.
The requirements of Rule 2(a) having been satisfied, the formal date of the commencement of this administrative proceeding, pursuant to Rule 4(c), is May 7, 2002.
No Response was received from Respondent by the May 27, 2002, deadline. On May 29, 2002, the Center transmitted to Respondent, via e-mail, a Notification of Respondent Default. The Center advised Respondent that (a) Respondent had failed to comply with the deadline for submission of its Response and (b) the consequences of default, including (1) a single panelist would be appointed; (2) the Panel would be informed of Respondent's default and would decide, in its sole discretion, whether to consider a Response if submitted later; and (3) notwithstanding the default, the Center would continue to send all case-related materials to Respondent.
No Response conforming to the Rules was received from Respondent, either by the May 27, 2002, deadline or at any other time.
On July 4, 2002, the Center advised the parties, in accordance with Rule 6(f), of the appointment of Michael Albert, the undersigned, as the Panelist in this case. Pursuant to Rule 15(b), the Center further informed the parties that, absent exceptional circumstances, the Panel would forward a decision to the Center by July 18, 2002.
On July 4, 2002, the Center transmitted the case file by e-mail to the Panel.
4. Factual Background; Parties' Contentions
a. The Trademark
The Complaint is based on Complainants' alleged ownership of rights in marks either identical or confusingly similar to the Domain Name, including the mark OFFICEMAX, which Complainants claim to have used for office products (among other goods) since at least 1990.
Complainants own several United States federal registrations for the OFFICEMAX mark. Complainants provided the Panel with registration certificates for some of these marks, including U.S. Trademark Registration No. 1,715,669.
U.S. Reg. No. 1,715,669 is for the word mark OFFICEMAX in block letters. A block-letter registration is the broadest claim to a word mark, in that it is "not … restricted to any particular form or type." Exxon Corp. v. National Foodline Corp., 579 F.2d 1244, 1247 (C.C.P.A. 1978). This registration issued in 1992 for paper products and office requisites; namely, computer paper, facsimile machine paper, copy paper, envelopes, typing paper, memo pads and adhesive tape for stationery of household purposes, and claims a date of first use in 1990.
b. Jurisdictional Basis
The dispute is within the scope of the Policy, and the Panel has jurisdiction to decide the dispute. A copy of the Registrar's registration agreement, which incorporates the Policy by reference, is appended as Annex 5 to the Complaint.
In Paragraph 11 of its Complaint, Complainants aver that each of the three requirements of Paragraph 4(a) of the Policy have been satisfied.
c. The Complaint
Complainants assert as follows:
- That Complainants own the mark OFFICEMAX and related marks, including possessing numerous registrations in the United States and abroad.
- That Complainants own the registrations for numerous web sites incorporating the mark OFFICEMAX, including <officemax.com>.
- That Complainants' web site at <officemax.com> attracts over 3 million users per month, and has been recognized as an excellent web site.
- That the Domain Name is confusingly similar to Complainants' OFFICEMAX mark, and is likely to cause confusion among consumers.
- That Respondent has no legitimate interest in the Domain Name because (1) Respondent is not commonly known by the Domain Name; (2) Respondent has acquired no intellectual property rights in the Domain Name; (3) Respondent's use of the Domain Name is for commercial enterprises including "typosquatting" and "mousetrapping" that are not legitimate, bona fide or fair uses.
- That Respondent registered the Domain Name in bad faith, and that his registration of the Domain Name is part of a pattern of improper activity noted by numerous previous tribunals in published decisions.
- That Respondent's typosquatting and mousetrapping activities are an intentional effort to benefit from the goodwill associated with Complainants' mark.
d. The Response
As noted above, the Respondent is in default pursuant to Rule 5(e), Rule 14 and Supplemental Rule 7(c) because no Response was received from Respondent by the May 27, 2002, deadline.
Unlike in a U.S. court proceeding, however, a default does not automatically result in a finding for the Complainant(s). Rather, under Paragraph 4(a) of the Policy, it remains the Complainants' burden to establish that all three of the required criteria for a transfer of the Domain Name or other remedy have been met
Under Rule 5(e) and Rule 14(a), the effect of a default by the Respondent is that the Panel shall proceed to a decision on the Complaint. Under Rule 14(b), the Panel is empowered to draw such inferences from the default as it considers appropriate.
5. Discussion and Findings
a. Regulations Applicable to Consideration of the Merits
The Panel now proceeds to consider this matter on the merits in light of the Complaint, the Response (or lack thereof), the Policy, the Rules, the Supplemental Rules, and other applicable legal authority, pursuant to Rule 15(a). In the Panel's view, given that both parties to this dispute appear to be based in the United States, applicable authority shall include relevant principles of United States trademark law.
Paragraph 4(a) of the Policy provides that Complainants must prove, with respect to the Domain Name, each of the following:
(i) The Domain Name is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark in which Complainant has rights; and
(ii) Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the Domain Name; and
(iii) The Domain Name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.
Paragraph 4(b) of the Policy sets out four non-exclusive, but illustrative, circumstances or acts that for purposes of Paragraph 4(a)(iii) above would be evidence of the registration and use of a domain name in bad faith.
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy sets out three illustrative circumstances, any one of which, if proved by Respondent, would demonstrate Respondent's rights or legitimate interests in the Domain Name for purposes of Paragraph 4(a)(ii).
b. Effect of the Default
In this case, the Panel finds that as a result of the default, Respondent has failed to rebut any of the factual assertions that are made and supported by evidence submitted by the Complainants. The Panel does not, however, draw any inferences from the default other than those that have been established or can fairly be inferred from the facts presented to by Complainants and that, as a result of the default, have not been rebutted by any contrary assertions or evidence.
In particular, by defaulting and failing to respond, Respondent has failed to offer the Panel any of the types of evidence set forth in Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy from which the Panel might conclude that Respondent has any rights or legitimate interest in the Domain Name, such as use or preparation to use the Domain Name prior to notice of the dispute, being commonly known by the Domain Name, or making legitimate noncommercial or fair use of the Domain Name.
c. Complainants' Proof
(i) Domain Name Identical or Confusingly Similar to Trademark
Complainants have proven that they are the owners of trademark rights in the mark OFFICEMAX. Complainants' registrations of their mark on the Principal Register of the USPTO establish a presumption of validity of the marks under United States law. See 15 U.S.C. § 1057(b); Avery Dennison v. Sumpton, 189 F.3d 868 (9th Cir. 1999). Additionally, the registrations constitute constructive notice to all other parties of Complainants' ownership of the marks. See 15 U.S.C. § 1072.
In comparing Complainants' mark to the Domain Name, it is well established that the generic top-level domain, in this case ".com," must be excluded from consideration as being a generic or functional component of the Domain Name. See Sporty's Farm v. Sportsman's Market, 202 F.3d 489, 498, (2d Cir. 2000).
The remaining terms, OFFICEMAX and OFFICMAX, are confusingly similar, and indeed nearly identical. This Panel finds that deletion of a single, silent, letter within the Domain Name (the "e" in OFFICEMAX) does not constitute a substantive change or obviate confusion. See Shields v. Zuccarini, 254 F.3d 476, 484 (3d Cir. 2001) ("[A] reasonable interpretation of conduct covered under the phrase 'confusingly similar' is the intentional registration of domain names that are misspellings of distinctive or famous names, causing an Internet user who makes a slight misspelling or typing error to reach an unintended site.").
Accordingly, the Panel finds that the Domain Name is virtually identical to Complainants' mark, and that confusion (among other negative reactions) is likely to result when users attempt to access the Complainants' web site but are re-directed instead, because of a typographical error, to the web sites to which Respondent directs them.
(ii) Whether Respondent Has Rights or Legitimate Interest in the Domain Name
There is no evidence in the record that Respondent has any legitimate interest in the Domain Name. Complainants stated in the Complaint that Respondent has no rights or legitimate interest in the Domain Name. The Panel finds this contention to be credible, particularly in view of the numerous published decisions setting forth in detail Respondent's pattern of conduct; and in any event the contention is unrebutted. The federal registration of Complainants' mark, coupled with the Domain Name's overwhelming similarity to Complainants' mark and corporate name, and Respondent's failure to advance any of the defenses provided in Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy lead this Panel to conclude that Respondent has no rights or legitimate interest in the Domain Name.
(iii) Registration and Use in Bad Faith
Complainants' third hurdle is to establish that Respondent has registered and used the Domain Name in bad faith.
Paragraph 4(b) of the Policy sets out four illustrative circumstances of the registration and use of a domain name in bad faith. The first is acquisition or registration of the domain name "primarily for the purpose of selling, renting, or otherwise transferring the domain name registration to the complainant who is the owner of the trademark or service mark … or to a competitor of that complainant, for valuable consideration in excess of [registrant's] documented out-of-pocket costs directly related to the domain name."
In this case, the Panel finds no evidence of this type of bad faith. Complainants do not allege that Respondent offered to sell the Domain Name back to them or to another competitor. Indeed, it does not appear to be Respondent's strategy to make money off of selling his domain names to the owners of the trademarks to which they are confusingly similar. Rather, Respondent apparently profits from his endeavors by selling advertising space, and links to other web sites, on web sites established at the domain names he registers (see the fourth illustration of bad faith, discussed below).
The second illustration of bad faith in the Policy occurs when the registrant registers the domain name to prevent the trademark owner from reflecting the mark in a corresponding domain name, particularly when Respondent has engaged in a pattern of such conduct. Complainants do not allege that this was Respondent's intention in registering the Domain Name, and indeed Complainants have not been prevented from registering the correctly-spelled mark as a domain name. Accordingly, the Panel does not find this illustration applicable here.
The third illustration of bad faith is registration "primarily for the purpose of disrupting the business of a competitor." On the facts of this case, there is no evidence that Respondent is a competitor of Complainants. Accordingly, the Panel need not reach the question of whether Respondent's registration of the Domain Name has disrupted Complainants' business. It may well have – the "mousetrapping" (see supra footnote 2) and the directing of Complainants' actual or prospective customers who type the OFFICEMAX name wrong to pornographic web sites all point in the direction of possible disruption to Complainants' business and goodwill – but since the threshold requirement of illustration three, namely competition between the parties, is absent, this illustration is inapplicable.
The fourth illustrative example of bad faith in the Policy is a respondent's use of the domain name in an effort to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to the respondent's web site by creating a likelihood of confusion with the complainant's mark. This illustration is plainly applicable here, as explained in the numerous decisions cited in the Complaint involving similar conduct by this same Respondent. E.g., Dow Jones & Co. v. Zuccarini, WIPO Case No. D2000-0578 (August 28, 2000) (concluding that Zuccarini acted in bad faith based on a finding that he "registered and has used the two domain names [<wallstreetjounal.com> and <wallstreetjournel.com>] solely for the purpose of trading on the global reputation of THE WALL STREET JOURNAL, taking advantage of the tendency of Internet users to misspell, and attracting such users to his own sites, and thus to profit from his own sales of advertising and from links to other websites."). The Panel concludes that, because the Domain Name currently resolves to commercial web sites, and because Respondent places advertising on them designed to further generate revenue off of the Internet user's likely confusion and error, the fourth illustration of bad faith is unquestionably met. Indeed, although not a necessary finding for purposes of reaching this conclusion, it appears that Respondent has engaged in a pattern of similar activities.
In sum, the Panel concludes that Respondent has registered and used the Domain Name in bad faith, as exemplified by illustration (iv) in Paragraph 4(b) of the Policy.
6. Decision
In light of the findings and analysis by the Panel, the Panel decides that Complainants have met their burden of proving: (1) the Domain Name is confusingly similar to Complainants' trademark(s) and/or service mark(s); (2) Respondent has no rights and no legitimate interest in respect of the Domain Name; and (3) the Domain Name has been registered and is being used by Respondent in bad faith.
Accordingly, pursuant to Paragraph 4(i) of the Policy and Rule 15, the Panel requires that the Domain Name be transferred to Complainants.
Michael A. Albert
Sole Panelist
Dated: July 18, 2002
Источник информации: https://internet-law.ru/intlaw/udrp/2002/d2002-0354.html


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"High-quality academic programs, excellent facilities and outstanding faculty."
The University of Tennessee at Martin is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award baccalaureate and master's degrees. Contact the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges at 1866 Southern Lane, Decatur, Georgia 30033-4097 or call 404-679-4500 for questions about the accreditation of The University of Tennessee at Martin.
Students attend UT Martin for many reasons, but high-quality academic programs, excellent facilities and outstanding faculty continue to attract a diverse and engaged student body.
Undergraduate and Graduate Degree Programs
UT Martin offers over 100 different undergraduate and graduate program areas. Undergraduate academic majors are offered within natural sciences, social sciences, humanities, fine and performing arts, computer science, nursing, agriculture, teacher education, business administration and engineering. At the graduate level, master's degrees are offered in business administration; counseling, educational leadership and teaching; family and consumer sciences; and agriculture and natural resources.
UT Martin offers over 100 different undergraduate and graduate program areas. Browse our offerings.
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Derek Luke Steps Into 'Trauma'
Derek Luke Steps Into Trauma
NBC's new medical drama has just added another to the duty roster. According to The Hollywood Reporter, Derek Luke has signed on to star in Trauma for NBC.
Luke will portray a soft-spoken trauma surgeon who's also trying to become a family man. Kevin Rankin has also signed on and Cliff Curtis and Jamey Sheridan are in talks to join the cast as well. Curtis would portray an eccentric and brilliant surgeon, who happens to travel by helicopter and Sheridan will play the doctor who runs the trauma center. Rankin will play a paramedic.
In other NBC medical pilot casting news, Guillermo Diaz has joined the cast of the network's other medical drama, Mercy, portraying a male nurse that works with the three central female nurses in the series.
No production schedule was released for either pilot.


Many people use food to nourish themselves when what they are really hungry for is other forms of nourishment. What if we were living a life where we felt well-nourished emotionally, intellectually, physically, psychologically, spiritually, socially, and creatively? What if we were mindfully present to receive, experience, plan for, and engage in nourishing activities, moments, and practices regularly that fed us on many levels. What if we were able to maintain an inner sense of balance and nourishment even when things are not perfectly in balance, and have the tools and practices to do so rather than turn to food at those times? Establishing a basic mindful eating practice can be the first step to crafting your well-nourished life on all these levels.
Mindful eating enables us to experience greater pleasure and nourishment from our food. Through mindful awareness we become more attuned to our body's signals of pleasure, hunger, and fullness. We notice the food thoughts and beliefs that don't serve us and encourage those that do. We notice what is beneficial, nurturing thesewith our attention. We make choices that support our health and well-being and those of the planet. We practice kindness toward ourselves and our cravings and forgive ourselves for the difficult moments.
When we slow down, chew mindfully, and savor our food, we reduce stress, experience flavors fully, and improve digestion. When we focus on enjoying our food, worries fall away because we are no longer thinking about them. We tune in to and listen to signals from our body when we have had enough, thus helping us eat to a comfortable level rather than overeating.
Eating mindfully, with kindness, a nonjudging mind, and full awareness, can be learned and practiced daily with snacks and meals. I recommend beginning with just one snack or meal at first. Consider practicing when you are alone to make it easier to give your food your full attention, even if it's just for the first few bites. Notice when your mind has wandered and bring it back to the experience of eating as outlined in the seven tips below.
The steps to mindful eating are simple yet will take gentle and consistent practice. With time, they will become a conscious habit. You can actually come to the point where you are eating mindfully most of the time and don't have to work to remember. But realistically no one stays present with eating all of the time. It's a practice to return to again and again, just a breath and a bite away. Ultimately, mindful eating can be practiced at different paces to be part of your life with the varied situations you will inevitably encounter. Mindful eating is flexible and can become part of your life—whether you have a busy family or live alone.
Following the seven tips will help you begin to cultivate your own mindful eating practice. Although all the tips are presented here, we'll focus on cultivating nourishment and pleasure first. In chapter 4 we'll take a deeper dive into the subtleties of hunger, fullness, and taste awareness and how they help moderate quantity.
To begin with we always practice slowing down the process of eating. Take a few mindful breaths to become centered and present. Feast on the sight, colors, and textures of the food. Breathe in the aroma of the food. Take a moment if you'd like to feel a sense of gratitude for the food in front of you and reflect on where the food came from and what went into making that food, such as the people, the earth, the sunshine. Tune in to your hunger and fullness level before and several times during the meal to help guide you to eat the right amount for you during the meal. Savor the taste and texture as you eat and chew fully before swallowing. Stop when you are comfortably full or satisfied.
1. Take a Mindful Check-In. Before or during a snack or meal, bring your awareness to your breath, pause, and then notice any thoughts or feelings that may be present, particularly any in relation to the food you are about to eat. This may be just a brief moment or up to a couple of minutes. It is the first step to increasing awareness, releasing any potential reactivity that may be present, and raising the possibility of true nourishment.
Begin by taking a few deep, relaxing breaths. Now simply tune in to the movement of your in breath and out breath. Expand your awareness to include the whole of your body and notice without judgment what thoughts, feelings, and body sensations are present. Note how this may inform your choices about how much, when, and what to eat, and desires or cravings for food. Practice this at least once a day to begin with. Eventually it will become a more conscious habit.
The Mindful Check-In begins the mindful eating practice but will also be a foundational stand-alone practice that we will visit again throughout the chapters in various capacities.
2. Check in with your hunger and fullness level before eating. While practicing your Mindful Check-In, tune in to your level of physical hunger. We enjoy our food the most when we have some hunger or are moderately hungry. When we are too hungry we tend to eat fast and even overeat.
Ask yourself, How hungry am I? Listen to the sensations and experiences that your body is giving you. Is this physical hunger or something else? If it's not physical hunger (and you will get better at discerning this), ask yourself, What am I really hungry for?
Tune in to your level of physical fullness. Ask yourself, How full am I? Listen to the sensations and experiences that your body is giving you. If you are full, then eating right now would probably not be a very kind or nourishing choice. What kinds of choices make sense with what you became aware of? What would most honor your body?
3. Gaze at the food and take a moment to reflect upon it. How did the food get to you, what went into making it, who and what were involved (people, sun, earth, water, farmers)? Consider the quality and sources. Feel a sense of appreciation or gratitude for the food before you.
4. Enjoy your food with all your senses.
~ Feast your eyes visually on the food. Notice color, texture, shape.
~ Smell the food, breathing in the aroma, noticing the nuances with both nostrils.
~ Taste the food, first savoring without chewing it, noticing the flavor, texture, and sensations.
~ Then chew the food, staying as present as possible with each bite to fully enjoy the experience.
~ Mindfully swallow when ready.
Notice any associations that arise, whether pleasant or unpleasant. Bask in any pleasant associations or positive memories if you'd like, while still staying present with the full experience.
5. Taste mindfully. Pay attention to the taste, savoring fully, noticing when it diminishes and when enjoyment lessens. Use this awareness to help inform decisions about how much and how little to eat, when to stop, and when to eat more, as is helpful. This can help particularly with moderating the amount of highly processed foods.
6. Check in with hunger and fullness levels occasionally throughout the snack or meal. Refer to number 2. Use these to guide when you have had enough.
7. Practice, practice, practice. At first, we eat slowly when we practice mindful eating. The slow pace can be likened to the training wheels we use to learn to ride a bike. As we become more practiced and hone our attention skills, mindful eating becomes more natural. We can learn to eat mindfully not only slowly but at different paces, settings, alone and with others.
With attuned awareness, we can eat in a way that becomes satisfying, guilt-and struggle-free, and with the quantities and quality that support our optimum health and well-being.
"Seven Tips to Mindful Eating Practice" was excerpted with permission of the author from Well Nourished: Mindful Practices to Heal Your Relationship to Food, Feed Your Whole Self and End Overeating. Text copyright © 2017 Andrea Lieberstein. Available from Fair Winds Press, an imprint of The Quarto Group or from booksellers everywhere. The book shows readers how to develop a mindful relationship to food and craft a well-nourished life with step-by-step examples, tools, and mindful practices that can be individualized to their unique needs.
Andrea Lieberstein, MPH, RDN, RYT, is the bestselling author of the new book, Well Nourished: Mindful Practices to Heal Your Relationship to food, Feed Your Whole Self and End Overeating; a mindfulness-based registered dietitian nutritionist, mindfulness meditation teacher, and mindful-eating expert. She leads 'Well Nourished' retreats for women and mindful-eating trainings and retreats internationally, coaching and training professionals and the general public. In her private practice, Andrea works with individuals who have a range of disordered-eating concerns including emotional and stress-related eating, nutrition, body-image, and other stress-related issues or health challenges. She helps her clients find balance, joy, freedom from struggling with food issues, and how to embrace and craft a well-nourished life.
and The Relaxation and Stress Reduction Workbook (5th edition).
Visit her website: www.yourwellnourishedlife.com for more information about her retreats and coaching programs.


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OBITUARY: Violet I. McVey
Violet I. McVey, age 86, formerly of Brillion, passed away on Sunday, December 6, 2015 at Atrium Post Acute Care Center in Chilton.
She is survived by her children and their spouses: Gary (Gesine) McVey of Two Rivers, Sandra (Ron) Kuchenbecker of Brillion, Carol (Mike) Schuh of Brillion, Shirley (Dan) Kanter of Reedsville, Bryan (Annie) McVey of Brillion, Brent (Dawn) McVey of Chilton, and Dawn (Doug) Johns of Brillion; one son-in-law: Richard Buss of Suamico; 16 grandchildren; 19 great-grandchildren; two sisters-in-law: Jean McVey and Rosemary McVey, both of De Pere; nieces, nephews, other relatives, and friends. She was preceded in death by her parents, her husband Bob, a daughter: Beverly Buss, son-in-law: Michael Heimke, grandson: Keith Buss, granddaughter-in-law: Jackie Kuchenbecker, godchild: Judy Gilson, sister and brother-in-law: Esther and Wes Nohr, brother and sister-in-law: Harold and Grace Rosenbaum, father-in-law and mother-in-law: Clarence and Josephine McVey, and two brothers-in-law: Bernard Mc Vey and Donald McVey.
Mass of Christian Burial will be held at 5:00 p.m. on Thursday, December 10, 2015 at Holy Family Catholic Church in Brillion. Officiating will be the Rev. Timothy Brandt. Burial will be in Holy Family Cemetery, Brillion.
Friends may call at the church on Thursday afternoon from 2:00 p.m. until 4:30 p.m.
Online condolences may be made.
In lieu of flowers, memorials are appreciated. The family will then donate to the Children's Hospital at Theda Clark Medical Center in Neenah.
The family would like to thank the staff at Atrium Post Acute Care Center and Heartland Hospice for the loving care and compassion given to Mom.
Obituary: Christine C. Hammer
Obituary: Ralph E. Schmitting
Legals: February 2, 2023


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WHEREAS the vision of the Boy Scouts of America is to prepare youth in America to become responsible, participating citizens and leaders, who are guided by the Scout Oath and Law; and
WHEREAS the designation of Eagle Scout is the highest achievement in the Boy Scouting program and only four percent of Boy Scouts are granted this distinguished rank, making it a truly prestigious achievement; and
WHEREAS Michael Kumnick, a member of Boy Scout Troop 3036, has completed the requirements, and was examined by the Eagle Scout Board of Review, who found him worthy of the rank of Eagle Scout; and
WHEREAS the Boy Scouts of America encourage Eagle Scout candidates to complete worthy projects to improve their neighborhoods and their communities; and
WHEREAS for Michael's Eagle Scout Service Project, he benefited the Chabad at Rowan University by building a new picnic table, constructed a ramp to make the deck accessible for everyone, and organized a yard clean-up for over grown bushes and trees; and
WHEREAS the lessons learned and skills acquired while working toward the Eagle Scout rank help promising young men like Michael to develop into leaders who will benefit our world for years to come; and
WHEREAS Michael serves as an example to the youth of our community through his high level of personal achievement, leadership and community service and has made the Township of Cherry Hill very proud.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, CHUCK CAHN, by virtue of the authority vested in me as Mayor of the Township of Cherry Hill, County of Camden, State of New Jersey, do hereby proclaim Sunday, May 6, 2018, to be
in the Township of Cherry Hill and do urge all citizens to join with me and Council in recognizing the hard work and commitment required to become an Eagle Scout, and in congratulating Michael and his family on this tremendous achievement
⇐Previous Gun Violence Awareness DayNext⇒ Timothy Sullivan Day


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Do soutěže mužské dvouhry na tenisovém turnaji Crédit Agricole Suisse Open Gstaad 2013 nastoupilo dvacet osm hráčů. Obhájcem titulu byl Brazilec Thomaz Bellucci, kterého v úvodním kole vyřadil Federico Delbonis.

Soutěž dvouhry vyhrál šestý nasazený hráč Michail Južnyj z Ruska, když ve finále zdolal nizozemského tenistu Robina Haaseho ve dvou setech 6–3 a 6–4. Michail Južnyj si připsal premiérový singlový titul sezóny a celkově devátý kariéry.

Nejvýše nasazený startující na divokou kartu, světová pětka a vítěz z roku 2004 Roger Federer skončil ve svém prvním utkání druhého kola, když nestačil na německého hráče Daniela Brandse po dvousetovém průběhu.

Nasazení hráčů
Čtyři nejvýše nasazení hráči měli volný los do druhého kola.
  Roger Federer (2. kolo)
  Stanislas Wawrinka (čtvrtfinále, skreč)
  Janko Tipsarević (2. kolo)
  Juan Mónaco (čtvrtfinále)
  Feliciano López (semifinále)
  '''Michail Južnyj (vítěz)
  Lukáš Rosol (1. kolo)
  Roberto Bautista-Agut ''(2. kolo, skreč)

Pavouk

Finálová fáze

Horní polovina

Dolní polovina

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy
 Pavouk dvouhry
 Pavouk kvalifikace dvouhry

ATP Swiss Open
Tenis ve Švýcarsku v roce 2013
ATP World Tour 2013

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Austin Ticket Giveaway: Compass (Mexican Institute of Sound + Toy Selectah) at Scoot Inn
March 26, 2015 By Austin Vida Staff
Mad Decent's Toy Selectah with Camilo Lara, aka Mexican Institute of Sound, are collectively known as Compass.
Monterrey, Mexico music icon and producer Toy Selectah and Camilo Lara, more popularly known as Mexican Institute of Sound (MIS), came together last year to form a Latin Alternative super duo of sort. Collectively referring to themselves as the music moniker Compass, the two have worked diligently on the upcoming album due out this year. The album features more collaborations than you can count and is going to be supported with multiple tour dates and festival appearances.
On Saturday, Apr. 4, Compass will be performing a headlining concert in Austin at Scoot Inn. The concert is part of the Holiday Mountain residency who will open the show. The best part? We have two tickets to giveaway to one of our lucky Austin Vida readers.
The giveaway will be conducted as a raffle from our email list. Just click "enter the drawing" below after submitting your full name and email address. Only submissions with full names will be officially entered. We will pick the winner from these submissions before 6 p.m. on Friday, Apr. 3, the day before the show. The winner will be notified via email from Austin Vida.
Scoot Inn is located at 1308 E. 4th Street. Doors open at 7 p.m. Show at 8 p.m. All ages are welcome. Advance tickets for this event are available for purchase online here.
Filed Under: Giveaways, Music, Slider Tagged With: compass, Mexican Institute of Sound, pachanga fest, scoot inn, ticket giveaway, toy selectah
[5/10] Preview: Official Pachanga After Party at Scoot Inn featuring Master Blaster Sound System
May 10, 2013 By Austin Vida Staff
The party continues after day of one of Pachanga Fest tonight at Scoot Inn. Two of Texas' best Latin Alternative bands and DJ Villa (Manzanas Malas) provide the post-Pachanga soundtrack. Both scheduled bands compliment each other well and represent the new Latin fusion sound coming out of our fine state.
The show kicks off at 11 P.m. with Master Blaster Sound System. The group's music combines elements of traditional Mexican rhythms with electronic and hip hop elements. With members based here in Austin and in Corpus Christi, the group is composed of familiar names from various Latin bands including Brian Ramos (Charanga Cakewalk, formerly of Grupo Fantasma), Cecy Treviño (formerly of La Conquista) and DJ Dus (Peligrosa).
At midnight Pachanga Fest performers Como Las Movies perform. A new name in Austin with familiar faces, the group is composed of former Maneja Beto members. After debuting to the public during Free Week in January, the group the next Latin up-and-comer in the Austin music scene. Their music incorporates elements of R&B, electro-funk, Caribbean music, and Tejano. Lots of keyboards, couple of laptops, traditional Latin percussion as well as electronic percussion. Some accordion too. Lots of jams; minimal vocals.
Scoot Inn is located at 1308 E. 4th Street. Doors open at 10 p.m. Music at 11 p.m. 21+ are welcome. Admission is FREE with Pachanga Fest wristbands or $8 at the door without. Visit the official Facebook event page here.
EP by Master Blaster Sound System
Filed Under: Events Tagged With: como las movies, master blaster sound system, pachanga, preview, scoot inn


Dr Claire McEvoy worked as a clinical dietitian before moving to a research post in the Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast. She holds an MPhil and gained her PhD at Queen's University Belfast in 2012 for a thesis on fruit, vegetable and dietary patterns in relation to vascular and eye health. Claire has an interest in the application of mixed methodology to novel approaches to encourage and sustain dietary behaviour change for disease prevention and has managed two clinical trials to date: the Fruit, Vegetable and Insulin Resistance Study (FIRST) and the Trial to Encourage Adoption and Maintenance of a Mediterranean Diet (TEAM-MED). She has published nine (first-author) peer reviewed journal articles and five book chapters, and has presented her work at national and international conferences.
As a Beeson-sponsored CARDI Fellow, Claire will investigate the Mediterranean diet (MD) and cognitive decline – strengthening the evidence base and encouraging behaviour change. Her research will seek to determine the association between MD at baseline and cognitive decline and dementia risk over time in several prospective cohort studies; this will include techniques such as neuro-imaging. She will also further develop educational materials designed for participants with mild cognitive impairment to encourage dietary change towards an MD. Her Fellowship will include a year-long study visit to the prestigious Kristine Yaffe Lab at the University of California, San Francisco, where she will undertake training in nutritional epidemiology and cognitive assessment, as well as contributing to the work of the lab.
It has been estimated that up to a half of dementia cases may result from potentially modifiable risk factors. Targeting these factors, including diet, could lead to a significant reduction in dementia cases. This research aims to increase our knowledge on how diet may contribute to cognitive health and to inform effective future strategies to prevent and treat cognitive disorders in older adults.


How do I accomplish the following: I want to change my email address from a "catch-all" to a non-catch all. I'm on shared hosting.
I created an email address in the "Manage Email" panel. I completed the fields for "Fully Hosted Email". I didn't see any options for "make this an non-catch-all email address".
Note: the panel auto-completed the other two sections, i.e., "Forward Only Email" and "Garbage Email", with the email I had just created. I don't know why it did that.
My goal is: to NOT have a catch-all email address in order to reduce the amount of spam I receive.
Doesn't "catch-all@example.com" show up in your email address list in Manage Email? If so, then delete it. A valid email address won't "catch all." It will only receive mail addressed to that address.
Personally, I set up some "catch-all" addresses as garbage addresses so random email bombs on my domains just go to garbage rather than get bounced around the Internet.
The panel auto-fills in the other sections in case you want to switch that address from Fully Hosted to something else, like forwarding or garbage.
You will get lots of spam with a catch-all!
This terrible UI seems to suggest: create your email here, but beware, it will be a catch-all so you'll get a lot of spam. However, if you want a Traditional Email Address, it is by default a catch-all, so you're stuck with this problem.
An alternative to your problem is to create 2 other email addresses that will filter your email??
My client gets a ton of junk email on her Traditional Email Address that I created in the Dreamhost Manage Email panel; I have to provide a solution.
If you also setup an email address of catch-all@mydomain.com any mail sent to any address at mydomain.com OTHER THAN me@mydomain.com will be sent to the forwarded address.
If you have the catch-all address, mail sent to news@mydomain.com will go the catch-all account. So would anything@mydomain.com.
The catch-all is meant to catch mail sent to a wrong address at your domain.
That can be good and bad. It can generate spam as spammers know that many domains have a catch-all so they just send to a random address at the domain such as info@mydomain.com. That's the bad part.
Now if I start getting a lot of spam sent to reallygood@mydomain.com I KNOW it came from reallygood.com selling or sharing my email address. To avoid all of the spam at that address I simply make a new email address called reallygood@mydomain.com and make its mailbox size 1k. It is almost instantly full and the spammers begin getting undeliverable notices which normally drops your address from their robot's lists.
Most email servers can be taught to filter most spam anyway.
My suggestion: have your "good" email address be the one you give friends and family, have everything else go to catch-all@mydomain.com which forwards to your good email address. When you begin to get a lot of spam - look and see what address it was sent to.
One last thing, I also give some friends theirname@mydomain.com as my email address because it is easier for them to remember. The catch-all address receives it, forwards it to my good address, and I can filter by friends' names to have their mail get tagged as important or moved to a friends' folder.
Create an actual mailbox, and name it something similar… say "whiffer@" or "nomatch@" etc. You'll want to set up some pretty stringent limits on it as far as space and number of messages, etc… because as they explained, a lot of times spammers will just make up addresses like "asdcdwq@yourdomain.com" and send it to random email addresses like that. They'll all end up in the catch-all@ because of course, they're not valid recipients.
After that mailbox is created, you may want to login to it to make sure everything gets created properly and the account is actually made and works.
Go back into the mail area and "Add" a new email address.
Go down to "Forward Only email" and enter "catch-all" in the first part and select your wanted domain from the dropdown.
In the second box, (the one where these "catch-all" emails will be sent to), enter the address you created in step 1. This will be your official catch-all email address that you can login to, etc… is the actual email address you made in step 1, NOT catch-all@yourdomain. That is not a "real" email address, per-se, it simply forwards any stray emails to that mailbox.
You likely do NOT want to use your normal email address or something like that as the address for catch-all@ to forward to, unless you want a ton of spam flooding into your personal account… that's why we set up a totally separate mailbox to simply fufill this duty. To store the random emails that don't hit a valid email.
Login as often as you deem necessary and see what all kind of nasties you've collected for yourself.
Hopefully that should get you fixed up. The others did a great job as well, and their advice was also correct. Let us know how it goes.
After you have it all set up, just send an email to aklsdfjasd@yourdomain.com, then go check the mailbox that your catch-all@ forwards to. See if it's in there. If so, you've successfully set up a catch-all address. The good part about that as well is that with it being a real mailbox, you can set up rules… for instance, if it's any email addresses that you know, you may want to reply with a message telling them that's not your correct email… like using a whitelist. You can be very flexible with that.


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Kevin Holder, MD
Center for Preventative Medicine
5 Stanley Rd
5 Stanley Rd South Orange NJ 07079
Hormone Pellet Therapy for Joint Pain in Maplewood, NJ
Are you experiencing aches and joint pain in new places as you age? It could be the result of a surprising cause: hormone imbalance.
The hormone imbalances women and men experience at the onset of perimenopause, menopause and andropause can cause many unwanted effects, including joint pain. The benefits of estrogen and testosterone include their anti-inflammatory effect on joints. Studies have shown, a decrease in these hormones leads to the body becoming more prone to inflammation and pain.
Hormone pellet therapy can help balance hormone levels in women and men to eliminate joint pain and inflammation throughout the body.
What is Hormone Pellet Therapy for Joint Pain?
The BioTE® method using hormone pellet therapy is a treatment designed to combat hormone imbalance that can lead to painful joints and inflammation. Many people with this condition don't realize that the cause of their joint pain is hormonal. If it's difficult to get out of bed in the morning and you're constantly dealing with aches and pains in your joints, especially in the knees, it may be the result of a hormone imbalance. A drop in hormone levels can create inflammation in the body, which is the cause of the aches and pains many people feel.
Hormone pellet therapy can rebalance the hormones that have dropped, and the return to a balanced hormone level can help reduce pain and inflammation. Once the hormones are at an optimal level, men and women tend to see relief from joint pain and feel like their youthful selves again as they move through their day.
How Does Hormone Pellet Therapy for Joint Pain Work?
The BioTE® method using hormone pellet therapy contains estrogen and testosterone that are derived from natural sources to replicate the body's normal hormone levels. Implants of these hormones that are placed under the skin consistently release optimal doses of hormones that have a therapeutic effect.
Unlike typical oral, transdermal and injection forms of therapy — which produce "roller coaster" hormone levels that go up and down, resulting in mood and energy fluctuations — the BioTE® method utilizing bio-identical hormone pellet therapy provides sustained hormone levels throughout the day for up to three to five months.
Request Hormone Pellet Therapy for Joint Pain Today
Hormone pellet therapy is a safe and effective treatment that has been in use for decades. Request more information about the BioTE® method using hormone pellet therapy: Call (973) 762-6077(973) 762-6077 or contact Kevin Holder online.
www.facebook.com/Center-for-Preventative-Medicine-481271651949651
Mon: By Appointment Only
Tue: By Appointment Only
Wed: By Appointment Only
Thu: By Appointment Only
East Orange, NJ, Irvington, NJ, Maplewood, NJ, Newark, NJ
Center for Preventative Medicine Service Locations: East Orange, NJ, Irvington, NJ, Maplewood, NJ, Newark, NJ


1634 Middleton Chapel was built on land given by Rev. C. Bainbrigg, D.D.
1671 7 October. Stockdale bridge in Middleton was presented as in decay and repairable by the inhabitants of the county. K. Indict. Book, 1669–92.
1696 14 July. John Proctor, curate of Middleton, signed the antiJacobite "Association" formed throughout the Kingdom for the protection of William III. K. Indictment Book, 1692–1724.
1706 11 October. The house of John Thornbeck in Middleton licensed for religious worship for the people called Quakers. K. Order Book, 1696–1724.
1710/11 12 January. Order for repair of the battlements of "Stocbeck" bridge in Middleton and construction of a new arch 4 ft. broad near the bridge, the lack of which makes the way to the bridge very dangerous. Ibid.
1724/5 15 January. Order to the inhabitants of Middleton to assist towards the repair of two highways leading from Sedbergh to the county bridge called Stockdale Beck Bridge and so along the highway to another county bridge called Barbon Bridge and so to K. Lonsdale. K. Order Book, 1696–1724.
1738/9 12 January. Upon the petition of the inhabitants of Middleton praying for reasons therein contained that a bridge called Low Stocklebeck Bridge may be made a County bridge; Order to the two high constables to view and report the condition thereof at the next Sessions. K. Order Book, 1738–1750.
1772 13 January. Petition of the Surveyor of highways within the township of Middleton setting forth that the highways are greatly out of repair and that 6 days labour is insufficient to effectually repair the same; it is ordered that an assessment of 6d. in the pound be levied upon the several inhabitants owners and occupiers and that in case of refusal or non payment within 10 days after demand, by distress and sale of goods, etc. K. Order Book, 1770–80.
1780 1 February. Died Sunday se'nnight, at his house in Kendal, aged 71, Lt.-Col. John Moore, of the Westmorland Militia, one of His Majesty's Justices of the Peace and Collector of the Stamp Duties for the counties of Westmorland and Cumberland. His remains were removed last Thursday and interred at Middleton Chapel near his county seat. Cumberland Pacquet.
1791 5 March. Died Wednesday se'nnight at Walthamstow in Essex, the Rev. Adam Askew, of Middleton Hall, brother to Henry Askew of Redheugh near Newcastle. Newcastle Chronicle.
1809 14 April. The water course or beck called Black Beck, being part of the highway from K. Lonsdale to Sedbergh, and containing 10 yards in length and 4 yards in breadth, is in great decay and ought to be repaired by the township of Middleton. K. Order and Indictment Book, 1798-1811.
1862 11 April. Resolved that both High and Low Stockdale Bridges be repaired. K. Minute Book, 1859–75.
1891 5 March. Stockdale High Bridge is situate on a Bye Road commencing at Barbon and coming into the Sedbergh Road near Middleton Hall. It has a span of 32 ft. 4 ins. and the width of the roadway between the parapets is 10 feet 3 ins. The bridge generally is built of beck cobbles with rough flag stones to form the arches. C.C. Minutes, 1889–94.
1891 12 September. About two-thirds of the eastern side of Middleton Hall Bridge was washed down. Reported on 14 January, 1892, as being satisfactorily rebuilt. C.C. Minutes, 1889–94.
1899 2 June. Application by the vicar of Middleton to enclose a space which was open to the main road and had hitherto been used as a playground, and which the vicar desired to add to the churchyard. Agreed to. C.C. Minutes, 1899–1900.
1911 3 March. The work in connection with the strengthening of Middleton New Bridge (8 ft. 3 ins. wide) by a ferro-concrete saddle was commenced on 10 April and the work is now going forward in an expeditious manner. C.C. Minutes, 1911–12.


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Shirtless Trudeau a summer sensation
Photos of the Canadian prime minister without a shirt on a beach and hiking have been popular online.
TORONTO — Sightings of a shirtless Justin Trudeau are causing something of a stir across Canada and internationally this summer.
The prime minister was most recently photographed shirtless while taking a break from surfing and simultaneously photobombing a couple getting married on a beach in Tofino, British Columbia.
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau his wife, Sophie Gregoire Trudeau, center left, and their children Hadrien, Ella-Grace and Xavier, take part in the Pride Parade in Vancouver, Canada, on July 31.
A Vancouver Island wedding photographer, Marnie Recker, tweeted the photo of Trudeau on Saturday with his surfboard standing several feet away from the bride, generating plenty of retweets and fanfare online.
It wasn't clear exactly when the photo was taken, but Trudeau has been in British Columbia for the past week.
The 44-year-old Trudeau took office in November and carries one of the most famous names in Canadian political history. His late father was prime minister from 1968 to 1984.
A previous sighting of Canada's prime minister without his shirt also gained international attention. The BBC and Time magazine reported on a Canadian family who encountered Trudeau while hiking in Quebec's Gatineau Park last month and took a selfie with the prime minister.
The satirical news website the Syrup Trap poked fun at the online obsession over the prime minister's physique with a story headlined: "Family on camping trip doesn't know how to tell shirtless Justin Trudeau to leave them alone."
– From news service reports


Whether you're moving raw materials into Australia or taking on the world by exporting, your supply chain starts somewhere in the Mainfreight world. Our local team can ease your international shipping worries by transitioning your products through ports and airports and expediting border formalities to ensure your products are in the hands of your customers when you need them to be.
Need it there now? Air freight is the fastest way to get your goods where they need to be. From consolidated parcels to full pallet loads or project air freight. Or you can combine air and sea services to reduce transit times while remaining cost effective.
A more cost effective option when speed isn't crucial. With options ranging from smaller consolidated LCL (Less than Container Load) shipments to large FCL (Full Container Load) shipments to and from all major trading hubs.
Or you can combine air and sea services to reduce transit times while remaining cost effective.
Navigating through complex international regulations is as important as the physical movement of your products. Our experienced locally branch based customs brokerage teams ensure your cargo moves smoothly across borders. Services include brokerage, trade facilitation, consultancy, quarantine and border protection.
Cross docking allows your products to arrive and then be distributed to the end user with minimal handling and storage time. We label and consolidate multiple international orders into a full container at origin, unload at a Mainfreight depot on arrival and deliver direct to your customers. This service reduces your inventory holding costs and improves delivery time and service to your customers.
Consolidate multiple supplier orders at an international origin and deliver direct to you and your customers site on arrival; reducing administration time and associated costs.
Through our growing global network of Mainfreight owned offices and operations we are able to offer a full suite of import and export freight forwarding services to any destination worldwide. Our team members in each location work together to retain a chain of custody and accountability across each point of the supply chain, allowing us to deliver a premium service to you and your customers.
LCL (Less Than Container Load) Airfreight and sea freight shipments are consolidated and managed within our network. This allows us to control costs, avoid 3rd party involvement, reduce ground handling risks and provide you and your customers with complete visibility from pick up to delivery.
Our decentralised customer service teams are located in each branch, making decisions as close to our operations and customers as possible. This provides timely, accurate information on shipment status, reducing the time your team may spend managing freight movements.
As an end to end supply chain service, our transport including wharf cartage operations and warehousing teams complement our air and ocean operations to provide inventory management and last mile delivery across Australia and overseas. All our branches globally use the same technology and procedures meaning your team can rely on real time data accuracy and visibility anywhere in the world.
Take advantage of our full suite of international shipping services by contacting our team today.


Gotland Ring can offer a variety of qualitative accommodations – both in the city and on the countryside. Whether your preferens is a boutigue or design hotel or a cousy cabin, we have special contacts and rates for it all. Visby, the old UNESCO-protected medieval Capital of Gotland provides an ambience no other near-track community can compete with. Country-side living is a charming and soothing experience on the island.
By 2017, GotlandRing will be available to showcase its first demo accommodations with a unique concept – a 2-bedroom studio above your own pit box garage right in the pit lane. Also other types of unique accommodations are in the pipeline. An eco resort will be created in the area.
Gotland Ring provides a turn-key experience through its event services, all you need to do is contact us.


The Carson Valley Art Gallery Association is sponsoring a free art raffle for its December Second Saturday event. Art lovers who visit all seven Carson Valley art galleries on either Saturday or Sunday this weekend will be eligible to win one of seven prizes donated by the galleries. Prizes can range from gift certificates to original pieces of art. Patrons must pick up a punch card "passport" from one of the participating galleries and have it signed by each gallery they visit. At the last gallery, the card will be turned in to be submitted for the raffle. All galleries will be offering holiday treats from wine to cocoa and cookies over the two-day period.
Artistic Viewpoints Gallery and Studio, 1368 Highway 395 B, Gardnerville, will be offering a miniature painting "workshop" in which anyone can drop in and paint their own miniature paintings which can be used as ornaments or gifts. Cost is $20 per ornament, and includes all materials, including frames. Miniature paintings by gallery artists will also be available for sale. An Indian slate "Fire Rock" will be the raffle prize for the Second Saturday event. Information 783-0633.
Artisans International, 1653 Lucerne St., Suite, B, Minden, will be offering homemade Christmas cookies for all visitors today and Saturday. The gallery is raffling a $50 gift certificate for the seven-gallery art drawing. A separate raffle will be in its final week for 10 art items. Proceeds benefit the Soroptimist International long-term project with the Carson Tahoe Cancer Center. Information 783-8881.
The Davis Gallery of Fine Art, 2285B Main St., Genoa, will be featuring a continuation of their Christmas Miniature Show, offering small original oil works of winter scenes by their stable of fine artists. The miniature show runs through Christmas. As part of the Second Saturday, the Davis Gallery will be offering a 25 percent off certificate to winners of the "Visit All Seven Galleries" event drawing. Information 782-0568.
The East Fork Gallery, 1503 Highway 395, Gardnerville, will be featuring original Christmas décor such as hand painted gourds, stain glass sun catchers and china painted pins by East Fork Gallery artists. Gallery president and award-winning artist Marge Buttles will do a watercolor demonstration from 1-3 p.m. Prints of floral and scenery paintings on cards will be available. Christmas spice tea and cookies will be offered for refreshments. A hand painted tile will be East Fork's raffle prize. Information 782-7629.
Minden Fast Frame Art Gallery, 1614 Highway 395, Minden, will be holding a "Buttons and Beads" Christmas tree/holiday tree project for children ages 4 to 12 from 1-2 p.m. Make a cheerful decoration for the holidays. It's free. Space is limited so call 783-9490 by today. Fast Frame Gallery will be offering an original piece of art as their raffle prize for Second Saturday.
Art!Rageous,1685 Highway 395 No. 5, Minden Plaza, Minden, is having a 50 percent off all art work and custom framing on Second Saturday … just in time for Christmas. They will be giving away a free framed print during the raffle event. Information 783-4700.
Visit any of the seven galleries for a "passport" and an Art Gallery Guide or call 783-0633 for more information.


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Der Shikimisäureweg oder Shikimatweg ist die Bezeichnung für einen biochemischen Stoffwechselweg, der in Pflanzen und den meisten Mikroorganismen vorkommt. Er hat grundlegende Bedeutung durch die Biosynthese der proteinogenen aromatischen Aminosäuren Phenylalanin, Tyrosin und Tryptophan. Darüber hinaus liefert er wichtige Ausgangsstoffe für den pflanzlichen Sekundärstoffwechsel.

Reaktionsfolge

Hauptpfad
Im Großen und Ganzen läuft der Shikimisäureweg in den verschiedenen dazu befähigten Organismen ähnlich ab, im Detail existieren jedoch Unterschiede. Deshalb sei darauf hingewiesen, dass sich das folgende Reaktionsschema auf den relativ gut erforschten Shikimisäureweg des Bakteriums Escherichia coli bezieht.

Als Startpunkt des Shikimisäureweges wird die vom Enzym 3-Desoxyarabinoheptulosanat-7-phosphat-Synthase katalysierte Reaktion von Phosphoenolpyruvat (PEP) und Erythrose-4-phosphat festgelegt. Dabei entsteht 3-Desoxyarabinoheptulosanat-7-phosphat, welches im nächsten Schritt von der 3-Dehydrochinat-Synthase zu 3-Dehydrochinat zyklisiert wird.

Aus 3-Dehydrochinat entsteht durch eine vom Enzym 3-Dehydrochinat-Dehydratase vermittelte Wasserabspaltung 3-Dehydroshikimat, das danach von der Shikimatdehydrogenase zu Shikimat reduziert wird.

Darauf folgt die ATP-abhängige Phosphorylierung des Shikimats durch die Shikimatkinase zu Shikimat-3-phosphat. Die von der 5-Enolpyruvylshikimat-3-phosphat-Synthase katalysierte Reaktion mit einem weiteren Molekül Phosphoenolpyruvat ergibt dann 5-Enolpyruvylshikimat-3-phosphat.

Nach Abspaltung der Phosphatgruppe durch die Chorismatsynthase wird daraus Chorismat.

Die Chorismat-Mutase katalysiert über eine Claisen-Umlagerung die Umwandlung von Chorismat in Prephenat.

Verzweigungen des Syntheseweges

Die Synthesewege der beiden Aminosäuren Tyrosin und Phenylalanin teilen sich erst beim Prephenat. Für die Tyrosinsynthese wird Prephenat durch eine Prephenatdehydrogenase in 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvat umgewandelt. Im Phenylalaninzweig des Syntheseweges katalysiert die Prephenatdehydratase die Reaktion von Prephenat zu Phenylpyruvat. In einem letzten Transaminierungsschritt entstehen aus den beiden Vorstufen die jeweiligen Aminosäuren Tyrosin und Phenylalanin. Alternativ kann aber auch zuerst Prephenat zu Arogenat transaminiert werden, das dann entweder durch eine Arogenatdehydratase in Phenylalanin oder durch eine Arogenatdehydrogenase in Tyrosin umgewandelt wird.

Schon beim Zwischenprodukt Chorismat zweigt der Syntheseweg der aromatischen Aminosäure Tryptophan vom Hauptpfad ab.

Im ersten Schritt wandelt die Anthranilatsynthase Chorismat in Anthranilat um, das mittels der Anthranilatphosphoribosyltransferase mit Phosphoribosylpyrophosphat zu N-(5-Phosphoribosyl)-anthranilat reagiert. Eine durch die Phosphoribosylanthranilatisomerase katalysierte Amadori-Umlagerung führt zu 1-(2-Carboxyphenylamino)-1-desoxyribulose-5-phosphat. Die Indol-3-glycerolphosphat-Synthase stellt den Ringschluss zu Indol-3-glycerolphosphat her. Die beiden letzten Teilreaktionen, nämlich die Abspaltung von Glycerinaldehyd-3-phosphat zum Zwischenprodukt Indol und dessen Kondensation mit Serin, katalysiert die Tryptophansynthase, was Tryptophan liefert.

Biologische Bedeutung
Pflanzen beherrschen als autotrophe Lebewesen den Shikimisäureweg, er ist Teil ihres Primärstoffwechsels, liefert aber auch Vorstufen für sekundäre Pflanzenstoffe. Abgesehen von den proteinogenen aromatischen Aminosäuren Tryptophan, Phenylalanin und Tyrosin resultiert eine Fülle weiterer Substanzen mit aromatischen Ringen letztendlich aus dem Shikimatweg, sehr wichtig ist auch die Chlorogensäure, die u. a. an der pflanzlichen Wundheilung beteiligt ist, wobei die nachfolgende Aufzählung keineswegs abschließend ist und der Shikimatweg auch mit anderen Synthesewegen kombiniert sein kann:
 Ubichinone und Plastochinone
 Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Folsäure
 Siderophore
 Lignin
 Phenylpropanoide
 Isoflavone, Anthocyane, Lignane, Stilbenoide
 Zimtsäurederivate
 Cumarin, Vanillin
 Benzoesäurederivate (Salicylsäure, Gallussäure, p-Aminobenzoesäure)
 manche Alkaloide (Morphin, Colchicin)

Aber auch bei vielen Bakterien, Pilzen und Protozoen wurde der Shikimisäureweg nachgewiesen.
Tieren fehlen dagegen die entsprechenden Enzyme. Deshalb sind die Aminosäuren Phenylalanin und Tryptophan für sie essentiell, Tyrosin kann nur direkt aus Phenylalanin synthetisiert werden.

Spätestens seit 2016 ist bekannt, dass auch viele Mikrobenstämme über das EPSPS-Enzym (Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) als einen zentralen Stoff im Shikimate-Stoffwechsel verfügen, ein Enzym, das Glyphosat beim Angriff auf unerwünschte Pflanzen zerstört. Diese Mikroben finden sich jedoch auch im Darm von Jungbienen, ihre Zerstörung durch Glyphosat führt zur Veränderung der Darmflora dieser Tiere, dann zu einer Immunschwäche. Sie torkeln orientierungslos herum und sterben.

Neben dem Shikimisäureweg existieren weitere Möglichkeiten für die Biosynthese aromatischer Ringstrukturen, wie beispielsweise der Polyketidweg und die Nukleotid-Biosynthese.

Sonstiges
 Die in der Landwirtschaft als Breitbandherbizid eingesetzte Verbindung Glyphosat unterbricht den Shikimisäureweg, indem sie das Enzym 5-Enolpyruvylshikimat-3-phosphat-Synthase (EC 2.5.1.19) hemmt.
 Da vielen Krankheitserregern das Vorhandensein des Shikimisäureweges gemeinsam ist, werden die Enzyme dieses Stoffwechselweges als aussichtsreicher Angriffspunkt bei der Entwicklung von Medikamenten mit sehr breitem Wirkungsspektrum angesehen, das sich auf Bakterien-, Pilz- und Protozoeninfektionen erstreckt.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Biosynthese von Phenylalanin, Tyrosin und Tryptophan über den Shikimisäureweg bei der KEGG (englisch)

Stoffwechselweg


87 ford f 250 tail light wiring diagram Do you hear a steady squeak squeak squeak that steadily picks up speed as you accelerate or a squeak thats occasional and only happens when you encounter a bump when pulling away from a light an Bulbs included dot and sae approved a high quality direct fit oe replacement tail light assembly with 18 months limited prozone warranty. Fx4 king ranch lariat xl xlt 8cyl 5.4l fx4 Instructions for wiring using the installation wiring diagram youll save yourself time and money by connect your compressors red 12v power wire directly to the 87 prong on the relay. 7. Find a.
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Delicious and super easy to make muffins that are a great way to use up past-their-prime bananas.
In a large bow, mix together banana, eggs, vanilla, honey, and olive oil.
In another bowl, mix the dry ingredients – almond flour, coconut flour, salt, baking soda, cinnamon (optional).
Stir dry ingredients in with the wet mixture. Fold in the walnuts.
Scoop mixture into 10-12 muffin tins in a muffin baking sheet.
Bake for 18-23 minutes. ENJOY!


text:
Q: overwrite and reuse existing function in zsh I would like to slightly extend a zsh completion function.
I would like to avoid putting the complete function body into my homedir with only one line changed. Instead I would like to intercept it's call and then call the original function myself. In quasi code:
<make sure _the_original_function is loaded>
_backup_of_original_function=_the_original_function

_the_original_function() {
   _arguments "-superduper[that one option I always need]"
   _backup_of_originial_function $@
}

In my concrete case, I have an cmake property in practically all my projects such that I would like to modify the cmake completion. Not having that option in the completion would annoy me much more than having it in projects where the option does not belong. So instead of copying _cmake somewhere I would just redefine _cmake_define_common_property_names() in my .zshrc:
_cmake_define_common_property_names() {
  local properties; properties=(
    'MY_GREAT_OPTION:be awesome'
  )

  _describe -t 'my-property-names' 'my property name' properties $@

  **call original _cmake_define_common_property_names here
}

So what's missing is loading _cmake_define_common_property_names and assigning a new function name to it.
From here I tried
autoload -Uz +X _cmake_define_common_property_names

but this fails (the function is not defined within its own file, but rather in _cmake.
NB: I don't assign a new function name to avoid having to modify the place from where the function gets called in its original version.
What works partially is autoload -Uz +X _cmake BUT this only ensures that _cmake is loaded (which I verify by calling functions _cmake). It does not load the helper function _cmake_define_common_property_names.
So my two questions are

*

*how do I load a function from within an $fpath file

*Once I have a function loaded. How do I copy it in a script / Assign a new function name?

A: How to patch a function
The code of a function is stored in the associative array functions. That's the source code with normalized whitespace and no comments (zsh has done lexical analysis and pretty-prints the tokens). You can change the code of a function by modifying the entry of the functions array. For example, to add extra code at the beginning:
functions[_cmake_define_common_property_names]="
    … # your extra code here
    $functions[_cmake_define_common_property_names]"

You can also use the functions array to copy a function to another name. This is the easiest way to wrap around an existing function.
functions[_cmake_define_common_property_names_orig]=$functions[_cmake_define_common_property_names]
_cmake_define_common_property_names () {
    …
    _cmake_define_common_property_names_orig "$@"
}

Loading all the functions
The only sure-fire way to load all the functions from a file made for autoload is to execute the function, if you can arrange to execute it with no side effects. For a completion function, just run the function with errors redirected to the bit bucket. It'll do nothing but complain that it isn't being executed in a completion context.
_cmake 2>/dev/null
# Now _cmake_xxx is defined

The reason autoload -Uz +X _cmake doesn't work is that the definitions of the auxiliary functions are in the _cmake function itself.
% echo $functions[_cmake]
builtin autoload -XU
% autoload -Uz +X _cmake
% echo $functions[_cmake]
…
        (( $+functions[_cmake_define_property_names] )) || _cmake_define_property_names () {
…
}
…
        local cmake_command_actions
        cmake_command_actions=('-E[CMake command mode]:*:command')
        _cmake_command () {
                _arguments -C -s - command "$cmake_command_actions[@]"
        }
        local cmake_suggest_build
        cmake_suggest_build=('--build[build]')
        if [ $CURRENT -eq 2 ]
        then
                _arguments -C -s - help "$cmake_help_actions[@]" - command "$cmake_command_actions[@]" - build_opts "$cmake_build_options[@]" - build_cmds "$cmake_suggest_build[@]" && return 0
        elif [[ $words[2] = --help* ]]
        then
                _cmake_help
        elif [[ $words[2] != -E ]]
        then
                _cmake_on_build
        else
                _cmake_command
        fi

If you really don't want to execute the toplevel function, you have several choices:

*

*Patch the definition of _cmake_define_common_property_names inside the definition of _cmake.

*Extract the definition of _cmake_define_common_property_names from the definition of _cmake and use that to define _cmake_define_common_property_names_orig or _cmake_define_common_property_names.

*Patch the definition of _cmake to remove the parts other than the function definitions, then execute it. It isn't really workable with _cmake, but some other completion functions are better structured. For example _cvs consists purely of conditional function definitions (e.g. (( $+functions[_cvs_command] )) || _cvs_command () { … }), a definition of the titular function, and a call of the titular function as the very last thing, thus you can define all the function but not execute anything by removing the last line.
autoload -Uz +X _cvs
functions[_cvs]=${functions_cvs%'$\n'*}
_cvs
# Patch auxiliary functions here

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Randy Lollar is a Corn business in Atchison, KS.
Randy Lollar, a stable growing company under Corn, is being run by Randy Lollar Full Name Report. Since , their sales have been favorable and consistent at $100.000 to $499.999. Company location coordinates are: 39.404503,-95.189064.
It can be reached by dialing (913) 773-8554 Full Phone Report, and you could get in touch with their sales team in 20315 198th St, Atchison, Kansas KS 66002. Visit their website at: to know more about the company's history, products and services, as well as frequently asked questions and privacy policies.
You can learn more by checking their classification codes: SIC – 0115 and NAIC – 111150. Call the hotline stated above for faster transaction and queries. Randy Lollar would like to hear from you.


text:
// Copyright 2019 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

// Include test fixture.
GEN_INCLUDE([
  '../chromevox/testing/chromevox_next_e2e_test_base.js',
  'repeated_event_handler.js'
]);

/** Test fixture for array_util.js. */
RepeatedEventHandlerTest = class extends ChromeVoxNextE2ETest {};

TEST_F('RepeatedEventHandlerTest', 'RepeatedEventHandledOnce', function() {
  this.runWithLoadedTree('', (root) => {
    this.handlerCallCount = 0;
    const handler = () => this.handlerCallCount++;

    const repeatedHandler = new RepeatedEventHandler(root, 'focus', handler);

    // Simulate events being fired.
    repeatedHandler.onEvent_();
    repeatedHandler.onEvent_();
    repeatedHandler.onEvent_();
    repeatedHandler.onEvent_();
    repeatedHandler.onEvent_();

    // Yield before verify how many times the handler was called.
    setTimeout(
        this.newCallback(() => assertEquals(this.handlerCallCount, 1)), 0);
  });
});

TEST_F(
    'RepeatedEventHandlerTest', 'NoEventsHandledAfterStopListening',
    function() {
      this.runWithLoadedTree('', (root) => {
        this.handlerCallCount = 0;
        const handler = () => this.handlerCallCount++;

        const repeatedHandler =
            new RepeatedEventHandler(root, 'focus', handler);

        // Simulate events being fired.
        repeatedHandler.onEvent_();
        repeatedHandler.onEvent_();
        repeatedHandler.onEvent_();

        repeatedHandler.stop();

        // Yield before verifying how many times the handler was called.
        setTimeout(
            this.newCallback(() => assertEquals(this.handlerCallCount, 0)), 0);
      });
    });

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
San Francisco shines with new museums, restaurants and parks
The Conservatory of Flowers in San Francisco, July 6, 2022. The city's neighborhoods, from the Mission to Russian Hill and the Outer Sunset, are vibrant with packed restaurants and bars, and many are home to new parks and the return of in-person events. Jason Henry/The New York Times.
by Lauren Sloss
SAN FRANCISCO, CA.- Lately, it seems as if the news headlines from San Francisco have been negative, from the city's homelessness crisis and highly publicized recall elections to the area's astronomical cost-of-living and worsening fire seasons.
But San Francisco is still San Francisco. The fog still rolls in from the Pacific to blanket the city's jumbled hills, the sunset still flames crimson behind the Golden Gate Bridge and the smell of salt and eucalyptus still hits the moment you step outside of San Francisco International Airport. Always a city for lovers of the outdoors, pandemic restrictions led to the near-universal embrace of an indoor-outdoor city life. And at its core, the city's spirit, a heady brew of creativity, progressivism and experimentation, remains unbreakable.
San Francisco's pandemic recovery has been slower than other major metropolitan areas in the United States; according to data from the San Francisco Travel Association, forecasts for 2022 estimate 80% of 2019's visitor volume. While the downtown and Union Square neighborhoods remain quieter than pre-pandemic times, the city's singular neighborhoods, from the Mission to Russian Hill and the Outer Sunset, are vibrant with packed restaurants and bars, and many boast of new parks and in-person events. San Francisco no longer imposes a mask mandate, but some businesses will require or request masks; masks are recommended but not required on MUNI and BART, the city's public transportation systems. Many indoor events, including concerts and theater productions, require proof of vaccination to enter.
New Parks and Slow Streets
San Francisco's wealth of green spaces has increased thanks to a trio of new parks, including the Presidio Tunnel Tops, 14 acres of new national park land hugging the city's north coast that opened this month. Boasting panoramic views of the Bay, the park was designed by the same group behind New York's High Line and is home to a changing roster of food trucks, art installations and performances. For more views, check out Francisco Park in the city's Russian Hill neighborhood, which opened in April on the site of San Francisco's first reservoir. In the southeastern Mission Bay neighborhood, largely protected from the city's frequent westerly winds, Crane Cove Park has become a warm, sunny destination for stand-up paddleboarding, kayaking and lounging since it opened in 2020.
In addition to new parks, San Francisco has become more walkable and bikeable with the pandemic-driven development of the Slow Streets program, which limits or prohibits car traffic on streets throughout the city. Destination-worthy ones include the Great Highway, which runs alongside Ocean Beach on the city's western shore (it's currently closed to car traffic on weekends and often, on windy days) and JFK Promenade in Golden Gate Park, which could be made permanently car-free in November. The 1-1/2-mile stretch of JFK takes you past destinations such as the Conservatory of Flowers and the Rose Garden, plus the Skatin' Place, where you will often find a rocking roller disco.
A Return to In-Person Music Events
Golden Gate Park is also playing host to a number of major in-person events this year, including Hardly Strictly Bluegrass, a free, three-day music festival being held Sept. 30 to Oct. 2. This year's lineup will feature Emmylou Harris, Steve Earle and Buddy Miller, with more artists to be announced soon. The Outside Lands Music Festival is taking place Aug. 5-7 with artists including Green Day, Post Malone and Lil Uzi Vert (single-day tickets from $195; three-day passes from $409). Find even more music in the Sunset District at the Stern Grove Festival, now in its 85th year. The series of free weekly concerts, happening on Sundays through Aug. 14, has acts ranging from the San Francisco Symphony to Phil Lesh.
The Portola Music Festival (single-day tickets from $200, two-day passes from $400), a new music festival coming to San Francisco from the team behind Coachella, takes place on Sept. 24-25 at Pier 80, and will showcase electronic acts including Flume, James Blake, The Avalanches and M.I.A.
Edward Feiner, 75, dies; Revolutionized the look of federal buildings
A New Destination for Contemporary Art
With its opening in October, the Institute of Contemporary Art San Francisco aims to provide a fresh approach to the ways in which contemporary art should be showcased and shared. Tied to its core tenets of equity and accessibility, ICASF will have free admission and plans to showcase local artists and artists of color in an environment that is welcoming to all. Opening programming includes a solo exhibition from Jeffrey Gibson, a Choctaw-Cherokee painter and sculptor, a group exhibit curated by California artists and curators Tahirah Rasheed and Autumn Breon, and work from local artists Liz Hernández and Ryan Whelan.
San Francisco's restaurants have struggled from pandemic restrictions, but also the high operational costs and high costs of living limiting the workforce. Many storefronts remain empty, and a number of legacy businesses closed, including Alioto's, an Italian seafood restaurant that held court in Fisherman's Wharf for 97 years, and the Cliff House, an iconic destination hugging the jagged shoreline over the Pacific (a new restaurant may open there by the end of the year).
While undoubtedly challenging, the past two years have had a silver lining: Outdoor dining and drinking cropped up everywhere, from long-established restaurants such as Nopa to brand-new spots such as Casements, a modern Irish bar in the Mission that opened in January 2020. The bar had originally planned to be a cozy, indoor-only affair, but instead it now serves stellar cocktails (from $12) on one of the best patios in the city, complete with an outdoor semiprivate space, live music, DJs and colorful murals of Irish rock musicians including Dolores O'Riordan of the Cranberries and Phil Lynott of Thin Lizzy.
While marquee openings are still a major part of the city's food fabric — recent ones include the opulent Palm Court Restaurant in the new RH Gallery and a new Ghirardelli Chocolate Experience store — some of the most exciting developments center on low-key projects from high-end chefs. In the Mission, Corey Lee of three Michelin-starred Benu opened San Ho Won, a Korean barbecue spot with classic dishes and riffs on tradition, such as a blood-sausage pancake and kimchi pozole (starters from $16, barbecue from $26). Matthew Kirk, a sous chef from Lazy Bear, opened Automat, a day-and-night destination in the Western Addition for baked goods, breakfast sandwiches and burgers (sandwiches from $9 to $16).
Natural wine is nothing new in San Francisco, but low-intervention bottles — small-batch, often funky wines made utilizing organic ingredients, native yeast and usually, little to no sulfites — are dominating new restaurants and bars. Shuggie's, a pop-art explosion with a lively bottle list from the West Coast and beyond, features two-dollar wine shots and a "trash pizza" made from repurposed food waste (wines from $15 for a glass or $51 for a bottle; pizzas from $19). Palm City Wines opened in the Outer Sunset in spring of 2020 as a takeaway-only natural wine bottle shop and deli; now, it also serves small plates, wines by the glass, Northern California beers and forearm-sized hoagies (starters from $8, sandwiches from $19). Upping the ante is Bar Part Time in the Mission, a natural wine-fueled disco with a rotating roster of D.J.s and wine producers.
1 Hotel opened in San Francisco in June on the Embarcadero near the Ferry Building. The striking space features reclaimed wood and native greenery, recyclable key cards and hangers in the 186 guest rooms and 14 suites (from $500 per night), plus a rooftop spa, chef's garden and beehives. Terrene, the hotel's restaurant, features a farm-to-table inspired menu and a wide selection of mezcal and tequila.
LUMA, which also opened in June, is the first hotel development in the Mission Bay neighborhood. With 299 rooms (from $329 per night) and a rooftop lounge opening later this summer, the hotel is close to Oracle Park and the Chase Center. And on June 30, the long-standing Sir Francis Drake Hotel in Union Square reopened as Beacon Grand with 418 renovated guest rooms (from $249 per night), a lobby bar and in 2023, will reopen a redesign of the famed top-floor bar, the Starlite Room.
This article originally appeared in The New York Times.
Pop Art legend Ruby Mazur announces opening of the Ruby Mazur Gallery in Waikiki
Eli Wilner & Company frames important paintings for the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts
Scandinavian furniture among star lots for Vintage & Modern Design auction at Ewbank's
Carleton Varney, interior designer known as Mr. Color, dies at 85
kaufmann repetto presents Pae White's seventh solo exhibition at the gallery
Karma opens an exhibition of sculpture and painting by Thaddeus Mosley and Frank Walter
Jack Nicholson's Joker Costume from 1989's 'Batman' scares up $125,000 at Heritage Auctions
Pace welcomes Virginia Jaramillo
Open now at The Museum Of__ : Dana Van Horn, CAUGHT
Paul Sorvino, master of the mild-mannered mobster, dies at 83
GRIMM opens 'The Kingfisher's Wing', a group exhibition curated by Tom Morton
Gen Z designers made it big on this app. Now They're graduating.
King's Cross unveils 'Natural Cycle': A giant interactive street art installation
The Michael C. Carlos Museum presents 'Indigo Prayers: A Creation Story'
TJ Boulting to open 'Ahren Warner: we have a space for your every mood'
'Finest Known' 1952 Topps Mickey Mantle rookie card expected to sell for $10 million+ at Heritage Auctions
The Grand Rapids Art Museum presents the first Major American Impressionism exhibition in over a decade
'Seagull' review: Blurring the lines of fiction
Xavier Hufkens presents an exhibition on photography in the work of Belgian artist Michel François
Berkshire Museum welcomes new Executive Director
Artist Rose B. Simpson's powerful work featured at the Princeton University Art Museum
What are pay'n-play casinos?
Tips to Stay Safe While Gambling


text:
La Ley Tydings-McDuffie, oficialmente Ley de Independencia de Filipinas (en inglés, Tydings-McDuffie Act o  Philippine Independence Act), Ley Pública 73–127, 48 Stat. 456, es una ley federal de los Estados Unidos promulgada el 24 de marzo de 1934, que estableció el procedimiento para que las Filipinas, una colonia estadounidense, se convirtiera en un país independiente después de un período de transición de diez años. Bajo la vigencia de esta ley, se redactó la Constitución de Filipinas de 1935 y se estableció la Mancomunidad Filipina, con un primer presidente electo directamente en las islas. Asimismo, se establecieron limitaciones a la inmigración filipina en Estados Unidos.

La ley fue presentada al 73.º Congreso de los Estados Unidos por el senador Millard Tydings (Demócrata) de Maryland y el representante John McDuffie (Demócrata) de Alabama, y promulgada por el presidente Franklin D. Roosevelt.

La independencia de Filipinas, prevista inicialmente para el 24 de marzo de 1944, no pudo llevarse a cabo en la fecha prevista debido a la ocupación japonesa del archipiélago durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y sería pospuesta hasta el 4 de julio de 1946, ya una vez finalizada la guerra.

Historia
En 1934, Manuel L. Quezón, Presidente del Senado de Filipinas, se dirigió en una misión a Washington, D. C. para conseguir la independencia filipina. Presionó con éxito el Congreso de los Estados Unidos y aseguró la aprobación de la Ley.

Contenido
La ley especifica un marco de procedimientos para la elaboración de una constitución para el gobierno de la Mancomunidad de las Filipinas dentro de los dos años de su promulgación. Se especificó una serie de disposiciones constitucionales obligatorias, y que requiere la aprobación de la constitución por el presidente estadounidense y por los filipinos. Estados Unidos reconocería la independencia de las Filipinas como una nación independiente y autónoma después de un período de transición de diez años.

Antes de la independencia, la ley permitió a Estados Unidos mantener sus fuerzas militares en Filipinas y llamar a todas las fuerzas militares del gobierno de Filipinas en el servicio militar estadounidense. La ley facultó al presidente estadounidense, dentro de los dos años posteriores a la independencia, a negociar las cuestiones relativas a las reservas navales de Estados Unidos y estaciones de abastecimiento de combustible en las islas.

La ley reclasificó a todos los filipinos, incluyendo aquellos que vivían en los Estados Unidos como  extranjeros a efectos de la inmigración a los Estados Unidos. Se estableció un cupo de 50 inmigrantes por año. Antes de esta ley, los filipinos eran clasificados como nacionales de los Estados Unidos, pero no ciudadanos de Estados Unidos, y al mismo tiempo se les permitió emigrar con relativa libertad, pero se les negó el derecho de naturalización dentro del territorio estadounidense, a menos que fueran ciudadanos por nacimiento en el territorio continental.

Efectos
La cuota de inmigración en el marco de la ley fue baja, y la inmigración continuó en niveles muy superiores a la cuota legal. Esto se debió a la fuerza de los grupos de presión agrícolas, tales como los plantadores de azúcar de Hawái, que eran capaces de ejercer presión con éxito al gobierno federal para que inmigraran trabajadores agrícolas filipinos varones cuando era necesario. Esto aumentó aún más la población filipina en Hawái, que llegó a representar el 25 % de los trabajadores agrícolas en las islas.

La ley también dio lugar a la Ley de repatriación filipina de 1935. La ley extendió la política de exclusión de los asiáticos y la Ley de Inmigración de 1924 para Filipinas. Esta política obstaculizó la vida interna de muchos filipinos dentro de los Estados Unidos, ya que cualquier filipino que deseaba ir a su país natal y luego regresar a los Estados Unidos estaría sujeto a las restricciones de la inmigración asiática y probablemente nunca se le permitiría regresar.

En 1946 los Estados Unidos disminuyeron las severas restricciones de la Ley Tydings-McDuffie con la Ley Luce-Celler, que aumentó la cuota de inmigrantes filipinos a 100 por año y dio a los filipinos el derecho a convertirse en ciudadanos estadounidenses naturalizados.

Véase también
Guerra filipino-estadounidense
Ocupación estadounidense de Filipinas
Tratado de Manila (1946)

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Tydings-McDuffie
Historia de Filipinas
Historia territorial de Estados Unidos
Relaciones Estados Unidos-Filipinas
Estados Unidos en 1934
Tydings-McDuffie


The Edocto group- the Malaysian telecommunication company planned to invest $250 million in the infrastructure and digital sector of Pakistan.
The Prime Minister Imran Khan was called on by Datuk Azzat Kamaluddin- the Chairman Board of Directors Edocto Group Malaysia today, as per the official press statement.
Suresh Narain Singh Sidhu, Dr Nik Ramlah Nik Mehmood and Arif Hussain attended the meeting along with the Ikran Mohammad Ibrahim- the High Commissioner of Malaysia.
During the meeting Haroon Sharif- the Chairman Board of Investment and Ahmed Nawaz Sukhera- the Secretary BOI were also present.
Having an investment of $100 million, it has been planning by Edotco Group to further extend their investment in tower Infrastructure. It was said in the statement that the group plans to increase an investment of $250 million in the coming five years.
The vision of PM Imran Khan and the policies of his government was appreciated by the Chairman Edotco Group Malaysia.
It was said by the chairman that Edotco wants to become a partner in Digital Pakistan Program.
Moreover, it was said by the Prime Minister that we will provide all possible facilitation to investors and will take the measures in order to enhance ease of doing business.