text:
sangsara.net
Hey there, I'm Brandon Lee, a writer and product/service designer in Singapore. My YouTube recommendations are made up of camera reviews, golden retrievers, Japanese food, and video games.
#sleepanywhereclub
@takashipom in an artist talk today at the SRT, covering his process, brand collaborations, and his "depression" at how little his best works were noticed at the time.
Currently on exhibition at STPI: @takashipom From Superflat to Bubblewrap.
🚽 #shotoniphone
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How to say goodbye to a city
This is something I wrote a few months back for a friend's zine that has now been released.
5 minutes ago, I had myself a really strong cup of coffee from the office machine. So forgive me if my fingers skip a letter over, or leave out a word entirely. I will not be going back to edit it. This will be a forward-moving exercise, and that is the first step in saying goodbye to a city. You must not look back, only pack your things, both tangible and otherwise. I am not saying you cannot reminisce while in the process of leaving, only that you must never stop being in a state of leaving. A pause to think, "oh, if only I could find a way," does not help your cause at all. If there was a way, you would likely have taken hold of it in a desperate manner much, much earlier on. Resign to your fate, it will be easier.
Like the weary half of a long-stagnant partnership, imagine yourself a young nubile female recently freed from her possessive mobster boyfriend. Look forward to all the cities you will now be sleeping with. Remember all the times when failed public transportation systems slapped you across the face, sending you reeling into Ming vases and all manner of mantelpiece decorations. If that wasn't enough, now you can finally stop lying to your family about what this place really does for a living. Remember, look forward and not backwards, unless it's to frame, sully, or misrepresent the past.
Say goodbye to the friends you'll leave behind. You know, the ones who declined your offer of lifelong companionship (in locations of your choice). They may not be the most sincere of friends, but say goodbye anyway. It is a magnanimous gesture that helps to ease them into some semblance of a life in your absence. Promise to call, and write letters to rehash and reheat the meagre strings of commonality that will scarcely bind you in the lack of physical proximity. Or hell, since it's 2007 you could just add them to Facebook and be done with it.
Take a tour bus, or regular public bus, around the city for a day. Allow yourself to realize that there were many places you never ventured out to explore. Many faces you never met. Cities are, by the very nature of their naming, very large places indeed. And does Jesus kick himself every night about not appearing to every man, woman, and child in Jerusalem during his time? Does Mick Jagger bemoan the groupies he had to lock out because there is only so much coke and whores a man and his band can accomplish in one evening? Don't answer that. Instead, try switching them around in your mind. What Would Jagger Do with the ability to generate alcohol from thin air? Given Mick's position, would the Son of God… you know…? That's far more interesting, don't you think!? My point is, learn to let things go.
Have some fun burning bridges. If you're never coming back, take every opportunity to push the limits of human decency. Hit on that checkout girl who's always letting her top fall open at you. No, it's not an accident you fool. Give her your dirtiest come-on. Afterwards, teach her son how to play with knives.
Take photos of everything. No matter how resolutely you leave – and as mentioned earlier, you must – there will be days where a stray song, or stray TV commercial, or stray hair in your food will reduce you to fond tears for your former home. In these moments of unmanly weakness, you will find comfort in leafing through stacks of these mundane images. But remember, although it may salve your forlorn heart, never mistake this for an acceptable practice. It is the nomadic soul's equivalent of squeezing one out in the toilet of a strip club.
Finally, and most importantly, have your last meal. Only you should have more than one. The same way vacation overeating is excused, the effects of last meal dining tours of a city on your body are forgiven by friends and loved ones. Have at it. Eat all the duck fat, pork belly, smoked sausage and Mexican food you want. Provided you're not some sad schmuck who frequents chain and themed restaurants, you'll never find anything quite the same anywhere else. Although you may plan to return to them someday with new friends, Fate is cruel and your favorites will always be shut down on account of rodent infestation and incest. Or an infestation of incestuous rodents, if truly unlucky. I speak from personal experience.
August 24, 2007 sangsara
Mixtape WIP →


Veteran director Bapu will direct Balakrishna in a film titled Sri Rama Rajyam. Ilaya Raja will compose music for the movie. Yalamanchili Saibaba is the producer. Kamal Kannan, who had won national award for his special effects for Magadheera will handle visual effects. Mullapudi Ramana will work on screen play and dialogues of the movie.


ReGen pays cash for your used and new indoor garden equipment. We buy, sell, trade and consign used gear as well as carry our own line of quality gear at the best price.
We are especially interested in hardware like: hoods, ballasts, fans, 8-bulb T5 fixtures and LED's.
We are not interested in purchasing consumable items like: filters, bulbs or pots.


This morning I opened my Passion Planner (which I use with moderate success) and took a few minutes to answer the following questions. It proved to be a powerful reflection and resetting. It was so helpful to review what's been working, what I've learned and where I want to shift.
I've modified and tweaked the questions and invite you to grab a tea or coffee and a journal or some paper, and take a few minutes to reflect, celebrate the past month and turn your attention to the next one. If you prefer, download this PDF worksheet I created just for you.
What was the most memorable part of the past month? Describe it with detail. What happened, how did you feel, what do you notice coming up for you as you remember it?
What were the three biggest lessons you've learned in the past month?
What do you need to celebrate from this past month?
Freestyle time. Sketch, scribble or write a few words to set the energy for the coming month.
Feel free to share with your friends, colleagues and family. Imagine if we took this time, at work with our teams and at home with ourselves or families, to do this each month…!
I'd love to hear what comes up for you in your reflections.


text:
The five-year fixed-year redemption rate fell in October this year to its lowest level of 3.40 percent, but has gradually increased to 3.54 percent since then. Five-year-olds, in particular, have gained popularity since the Bank of England adopted stricter two-year fixed rent rules. The government has finally released details on the rental fee ban they announced last year, and landlords and landlords could… An agreement between the landlord and the tenant over time is preferable. They are the two parties involved, no one else. Lenders are even now offering cheap 10-year fixed-timers for homeowners who want to lock themselves up for a decade. The leases will be transformed into a new standard contract, with a new fitness standard to be introduced, as well as anti-retaliation measures and changes to the Welsh equivalent of Section 21 – Section 173 and mandatory expulsion reasons. The article also said that Theresa May`s team wanted to make voluntary and non-compulsory three-year leases for landlords, because they believed that a mandatory system of MPs in the House of Commons would be defeated. If you own a homeowner, you can prevent your tenant from extending their stay on your property by including a clause in the rental agreement on increasing the rent to four or five times the existing rent if they do not leave when the contract ends. This would allow the tenants to be checked for the fault. However, if the tenant has not evacuated the property, even after the termination, you can transfer the court. The court may favour a lessor if it finds that the tenant has been involved in a fault or that the landlord has needed the property for personal use.
You can also seek police help to throw away the tenant. The survey showed that 30% of tenants want leases to last 12 months, and an additional 20% want leases to last no more than two years. As if the owners had not suffered enough from the regulatory changes – more are planned for 2019. That`s not all that happened when strict new licensing rules were introduced against slum owners and legislative changes to prevent reprisals, which was good news for tenants. These results show that many tenants prefer flexibility and freedom when it comes to leases, with 31% saying flexibility is the most important factor in considering the length of their lease. Government data show that people stay in their rental housing for an average of almost four years – yet 81% of leases are limited for a minimum of six to twelve months. Andrew Turner says the rent law has already been the subject of much discussion, which will likely be a law in the spring of 2019. Tenants who signed contracts on March 20, 2019 were able to use the law immediately – and from March 20, 2020, the provisions will be extended to existing periodic leases.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


If your teeth are not as bright as they used to be, or as white as you'd like them to be, then whitening or bleaching them may be the solution. Surface stains from coffee, tea, red wine or tobacco may be the most likely culprits. Internal staining can also be the result of root canal treatments, large fillings, too much of a good thing, like fluoride — or just plain aging. In some cases taking an antibiotic (tetracycline) during tooth development can cause permanent staining. In most cases bleaching stained or yellow teeth can really make a difference, helping to make them brighter and whiter.
The active ingredient in whitening products is hydrogen peroxide, which is also the breakdown product in carbamide peroxide. If a good regular dental cleaning doesn't remove your stains, then these products can bleach stains that are either superficial (on the surface) or deeper within the tooth structure. "In office" professional tooth whitening speeds the process along with the use of specialized lights or lasers, so that your teeth will whiten after only one or two office visits. Professional whitening or bleaching, which uses up to 35% peroxide solutions, may cause transient tooth sensitivity, but this will fade away quickly within a few days. Gum protection is also necessary to prevent irritation.
If whitening doesn't give you the smile you want, and deserve, then you may need to consider veneers or crowns to improve your smile.


KB3 ELITE will hold is first 7 on 7 Night Camp this December. This unique camp is designed specifically for quarterbacks and receivers. Keith Blackmon will lead will the KB3 Staff at one on Houston's TOP sports venues. Film sessions, individual skill training and 7 on 7 games will be implemented and fundamentals will be stressed! This camp is designed to get your youth or middle school athlete ready for 7 on 7.


Awesome GoPro footage from a Russian Mi-24 flight including some gun and rocket action. The Mil Mi-24 is a large helicopter gunship and attack helicopter and low-capacity troop transport with room for eight passengers. It is produced by Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant and operated since 1972 by the Soviet Air Force, its successors, and more than 30 other nations.


All of the best out of the best melons grown in one amazing vape! Rich flavours that come together in this perfect blend of fruit and juiciness. As only Naked 100 can do, you get a rich vapor experience that features no fillers.


— and "gain credibility" besides. Many people realize that the Obama administration has backed itself into a corner politically, and "must do something in order to save face." Meaning, of course, something destructive. But why? How about this, instead.
Advising people on what to do during a sarin attack makes a huge difference, too. Many people died in Damascus because they hid in basements, when they would have been safer on the top floors: sarin vapour is heavier than air. For those who have been exposed, the medical advice is clear. Remove clothing, wash with soap and water – and seek out an antidote.
This entry was posted in 2013, waking up, wild new ideas. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
package org.continuity.api.entities.exchange;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonBackReference;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;

public abstract class AbstractLinks<T extends AbstractLinks<T>> {

	@JsonBackReference
	private final ArtifactExchangeModel parent;

	public AbstractLinks(ArtifactExchangeModel parent) {
		this.parent = parent;
	}

	public ArtifactExchangeModel parent() {
		return parent;
	}

	@JsonIgnore
	public abstract boolean isEmpty();

	@JsonIgnore
	public abstract String getDefaultLink();

	@JsonIgnore
	public abstract String getLink(String name);

	public abstract void merge(T other) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException;

	public static class ValueFilter {

		@Override
		public boolean equals(Object obj) {
			if ((obj == null) || !(obj instanceof AbstractLinks)) {
				return false;
			}

			AbstractLinks<?> links = (AbstractLinks<?>) obj;
			return links.isEmpty();
		}

	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


SALT Report 3949 – Tuesday, November 14th, is your last chance to pay back taxes with no penalties and and 1/2 the interest.
Generally, individuals and businesses can participate in Amnesty to clear tax bills and delinquent returns for all taxes that are administered by Virginia Tax. Most taxpayers who are eligible for amnesty will have received a notice through the mail. If you didn't get a notice, you may still be eligible.
This entry was posted in Virginia and tagged amnesty, sales tax, use tax, Virginia by ZASALT. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Travel Guide > London > Popular Parks >
Hampstead Heath
St James's Park
Kensington Gardens, London
Kensington Gardens is a 111-hectare (275 acres) park in Central London situated on the western side of the adjoining Hyde Park. The park is another green lung in the bustling heart of Central London and one of the eight Royal Parks of London. The focal point of the park is Kensington Palace, one of the residences of the British Royal Family.
Kensington Gardens was once part of Kensington Palace and owned by the British monarchy for their recreational purpose but eventually converted into a public park. The public generally regard Kensington Gardens as a western extension of Hyde Park but differentiates itself with the appearance of a formal private garden with landscaped settings. Furthermore, Kensington Garden only opens to the public during the daylight hours whereas Hyde Park opens from 5 a.m. until midnight.
Kensington Gardens by Txllxt TxllxT
Kensington Gardens was previously the western section of Hyde Park until 1728 when Queen Caroline had the section separated from Hyde Park and transformed it into a landscaped garden with formal avenues. Within Kensington Gardens is Kensington Palace, a 17th century Jacobean mansion that was once the royal residence of the monarchs during the 17th and 18th centuries until Buckingham Palace became the royal residence. The park gradually opened to the public during the later part of the 18th century and even then only to the most respectably dressed.
Kensington Gardens is a beautiful park featuring grass-covered lawns, delightful flowerbeds, tree planted avenues, beautiful Italian gardens and playgrounds for children. There's also an ornamental lake called the Round Pond and a man-made recreational lake called the Serpentine. There are several footpaths across Kensington Gardens, which are very popular with strollers and joggers as well as designated paths for cycling. The Broadwalk Cafe opens daily and in summer, there are refreshment kiosks serving drinks and snacks.
Walk through Kensington Gardens by Txllxt TxllxT
Queen Victoria was born and lived at Kensington Palace until 1837 and Diana the Princess of Wales once lived here from 1981 until 1997. The early 17th century building is now the official London residence of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry. The State Rooms are open to the public including the Queen's State Apartments and King's State Apartments as well as the palace gardens. Exhibits include digital presentations, artworks, furniture, memorabilia, costumes and dresses once worn by royalty who lived at Kensington Palace.
Kensington Palace by Txllxt TxllxT
The ornamental Italian Gardens is an elaborate water garden situated on the northern side of the park near Lancaster Gate. Built in the 1860s, Prince Albert came with the idea for an Italian-style water garden for his beloved Queen Victoria. The ornamental garden traces its layout and design to the Osborne House on the Isle of Wight where the Royal Family spent their holidays. The beautiful garden comprises of four octagonal-shaped water ponds enclosed by a balustrade and features ornate carvings of statues, urns, colourful flowerbeds, raised terraces and fountains.
The Italian Gardens by Txllxt TxllxT
The Diana Memorial Playground (Diana, Princess of Wales' Memorial Playground) is located in the northwestern corner of Kensington Gardens. The playground is a paradise for children featuring a large wooden pirate ship, a beach, a giant swing and a tree house with walkways, ladders and slides. The Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Walk stretches 11 km (7 miles) passing through Kensington Gardens, Hyde Park, Green Park and St James's Park. The walk takes you pass sights of famous buildings once associated with the Princess including Kensington Palace, Buckingham Palace, St James's Palace and Spencer House.
Visiting Kensington Gardens
Kensington Gardens opens to the public from 6:00 a.m. until dusk – earliest closing time at 4:15 p.m. in December and latest closing at 9:45 p.m. in June. The park is accessible from several London Underground stations including Queensway and Lancaster Gate Stations serving the Central Line. Other nearby Underground stations includes High Street Kensington and Notting Hill Gate Stations serving the Circle and District Lines. Another is Bayswater Station serving the District Line.
Kensington Gardens on the Map
Westminster, West End, London W2 2UH, UK


text:
How to say "I don't intend to be selfish" in Japanese?
1. 自分勝手にするつもりはない
I don't intend to be selfish
Guide to Japanese misunderstanding phrases
Q: How to say I have a very vague idea of what you are talking about. in Japanese?
A: 何をおっしゃっているのか、ほとんど分かりません (human translation)
Q: How to say I haven't the faintest idea what you mean. in Japanese?
A: 君が何を言いたいのか私にはさっぱりわからない (human translation)
Q: How to say What were we talking about? in Japanese?
A: 何の話をしていたっけ? (human translation)
I don't have a very good dictionary.
I don't speak French very much.
Boys, don't make any noise.
I don't think I'm cut out for city life.
You don't know how worried I am.
You don't have to come tomorrow.
Please don't interrupt me for a while.
I don't mind waiting for a while.
You don't have to tell that to your parents.
I don't know why the meeting was postponed.
I don't like such sports as tennis and golf.
I don't like it at all.
People don't like to swim against the tide.
I had intended to attend the meeting.
I don't speak Japanese.
I don't like shellfish.


text:
Japanese Friendship Garden is used to describe many gardens including:

Japanese Friendship Garden (Balboa Park) in San Diego, California
Japanese Friendship Garden (Kelley Park) in San Jose, California
Ro Ho En in Phoenix, Arizona
Nikka Yuko Japanese Garden in Lethbridge, Alberta
Yuko-En on the Elkhorn, Kentucky-Japan Friendship Garden in Georgetown, Kentucky
Friendship Garden in Hope, British Columbia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
\section{Introduction}

Property~A is a quasi-isometry invariant of metric spaces introduced
by Guoliang Yu in his study of the Baum-Connes conjecture
\cite{Yu2000}.  It may be thought of as a non-equivariant version of
amenability.  As is the case for amenability, Property~A has plenty of
equivalent formulations.  In particular, for finitely generated
groups, it is equivalent to the exactness of the reduced
$C^{\ast}$--algebra of the group and also to the existence of an
amenable action on a compact space \cite{HigsonRoe2000,Ozawa2000}.
Property~A implies coarse embeddability into Hilbert space and hence
the coarse Baum-Connes Conjecture and the Novikov Conjecture.  Classes
of groups for which Property~A holds include Gromov hyperbolic groups
\cite{Adams1994}, CAT(0) cubical groups \cite{CampbellNiblo2005}, and
uniform lattices in affine buildings \cite{Campbell2009}, but it is an
open question whether it holds for all CAT(0) groups.

In the current article we prove the following.
\begin{mainthm*}
  \mainthmlabel{mainthm} Two-dimensional systolic complexes satisfy
  Property~A.
\end{mainthm*}

A $2$-dimensional \defterm{systolic complex} can be defined as a
$2$-dimensional simplicial complex which is CAT(0) when equipped with
a metric in which each triangle is isometric to an equilateral
Euclidean triangle.  The class of isometry groups of such complexes is
vast.  It contains many Gromov hyperbolic groups.  It also contains
lattices in $\tilde A_2$ buildings, which were already proved to
satisfy Property~A by Campbell \cite{Campbell2009}.  Some of these
groups satisfy interesting additional properties such as Kazhdan's
property (T).  Notably, there are numerous well developed techniques
for constructing groups acting on $2$-dimensional systolic complexes
(with various additional features) making them a rich source of
examples.  For instance, given a finite group $F$ and a generating set
$S \subseteq F \setminus \{1\}$ whose Cayley graph $\Gamma(F,S)$ has
girth at least 6, Ballmann and {\' S}wi{\c a}tkowski \cite[Theorem~2
and Section~4]{Ballmann:1997} construct a canonical infinite
$2$-dimensional systolic complex $X$ whose oriented triangles are
labeled by elements of $S \cup S^{-1}$ and in which the link of every
vertex is isomorphic to $\Gamma(F,S)$ with labels induced from the
triangles.  The labeled automorphisms of $X$ act simply transitively
on the oriented $1$-simplices of $X$ and if $(F,S)$ has a relation of
the form $(st)^3$ with $s,t\in S$ then $X$ has flat planes and so is
not hyperbolic.  This construction is a particular case of a
development of a complex of groups as described in Bridson and
Haefliger \cite[Example~4.19(2) of
Chapter~III.$\mathcal{C}$]{bridson1999metric}.

We prove the Main~Theorem by showing that $2$-dimensional systolic
complexes are quasi-isometric to quadric complexes whose intervals
with respect to a basepoint are $\CAT(0)$ square complexes
(\Thmref{sqqi}, \Thmref{sqquad} and \Thmref{sqfi}).  This allows us to
apply the weight function and uniform convergence argument of Brodzki,
Campbell, Guentner, Niblo and Wright \cite{Brodzki:2009} in their
proof that finitely dimensional $\CAT(0)$ cube complexes satisfy
Property~A (\Thmref{qfia}).

\subsection*{Acknowledgements}
The authors would like to thank Jacek {\' S}wi{\c a}tkowski for some
helpful discussions on the construction described above of
$2$-dimensional systolic developments.  N.H.\ was partially funded by
an NSERC CGS M.  D.O.\ was partially supported by (Polish) Narodowe
Centrum Nauki, grant no.\ UMO-2015/18/M/ST1/00050.  Parts of this
research were carried out while D.O.\ was visiting McGill University
and while N.H.\ was visiting the University of Wroc\l aw.  The authors
would like to thank both institutions for their hospitality.

\section{Preliminaries}

For basic algebraic topological notions such as those of \defterm{CW
  complexes} and \defterm{simple connectedness} we refer the reader to
Hatcher \cite{Hatcher:2002}.  A \defterm{combinatorial map} $X \to Y$
between CW complexes is one whose restriction to each cell of $X$ is a
homeomorphism onto a cell of $Y$.  All graphs considered in this paper
are simplicial.  We consider metrics only on the $0$-skeleton $X^0$ of
a cell complex $X$ as induced by the shortest path metric on the
$1$-skeleton $X^1$.  The \defterm{metric ball} $B_r(v)$ (respectively,
\defterm{metric sphere} $S_r(v)$) of radius $r$ centered at a vertex
$v$ in a complex is the subgraph induced in the $1$-skeleton by the
set of vertices of distance at most (respectively, exactly) $r$ from
$v$.  The \defterm{girth} of a graph is the length of the embedded
shortest cycle.  The \defterm{link} of a vertex $v$ in a
$2$-dimensional simplicial complex is the graph whose vertices are the
neighbours of $v$ and where two vertices are joined by an edge if they
span a triangle together with $v$.

\subsection{Property A}

Rather than defining Property~A in full generality, we give the
characterization for graphs of Brodzki, Campbell, Guentner, Niblo and
Wright \cite[Proposition~1.5]{Brodzki:2009}.  A graph $\Gamma$
satisfies \defterm{Property~A} iff there exists a sequence of
constants $(C_n)_{n\in\N}$ and a family of functions
$f_{n,v}\colon \Gamma^0 \to \N$ indexed by $\N \times \Gamma^0$ such
that the following conditions hold.

\begin{enumerate}
\item $f_{n,v}$ is supported on $B_{C_n}(v)$.
\item $\frac{||f_{n,v} - f_{n,v'}||_1}{||f_{n,v}||_1} \to 0$ uniformly
  over all pairs of vertices $(v,v')$ joined by an edge.
\end{enumerate}

\subsection{Two-dimensional systolic complexes}
A \defterm{$2$-dimensional systolic complex} is a simply connected
$2$-dimensional simplicial complex in which the girth of the link of
every vertex is at least 6.

The following are well known properties of systolic complexes.  See
Chepoi \cite[Theorem~8.1]{Chepoi:2000} and Januszkiewicz and
{\'S}wi{\c{a}}tkowski \cite[Lemma~7.7]{Januszkiewicz:2006}.

\begin{lem}
  \lemlabel{systlem} Let $Y$ be a $2$-dimensional systolic complex.
  \begin{enumerate}
  \item \itmlabel{sphtfree} Metric spheres in $Y$ are triangle-free.
  \item \itmlabel{ballneighb} Let $u,v \in Y^0$.  Let $w,x \in Y^0$ be
    neighbours of $v$ that are closer to $u$ than is $v$.  Then $w$
    and $x$ are joined by an edge.
  \item \itmlabel{tricond} (Triangle Condition) Let $u,v,w \in Y^0$
    such that $v$ and $w$ are joined by an edge and they are
    equidistant to $u$.  Then there exists $x \in Y^0$ adjacent to $v$
    and $w$ and closer to $u$ than are $v$ and $w$.
  \end{enumerate}
\end{lem}

\subsection{Quadric complexes}

\begin{figure}
  \begin{subfigure}{\textwidth}
    \centering
    \begin{tikzpicture}
      \tikzstyle{vertex} = [circle,minimum size=0.15cm,inner sep=0,fill=black];
      \begin{scope}
        \node[vertex,label={above:$u_0$}] (u0) at (1, 2) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$u_1$}] (u1) at (1, 0) {};
        \node[vertex,label={left:$v_0$}] (v0) at (0, 1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={left:$v_1$}] (v1) at (1, 1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={right:$v_2$}] (v2) at (2, 1) {};

        \foreach \u in {u0,u1}
          \foreach \v in {v0,v1,v2}
            \draw[thick] (\u) -- (\v);
      \end{scope}

      \draw[-implies, double equal sign distance] (3,1) -- (4,1);

      \begin{scope}[xshift=5cm]
        \node[vertex,label={above:$u_0$}] (u0) at (1, 2) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$u_1$}] (u1) at (1, 0) {};
        \node[vertex,label={left:$v_0$}] (v0) at (0, 1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={right:$v_2$}] (v2) at (2, 1) {};

        \foreach \u in {u0,u1}
        \foreach \v in {v0,v2}
        \draw[thick] (\u) -- (\v);
      \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{}
    \figlabel{repl2}
  \end{subfigure}
  \\
  \begin{subfigure}{\textwidth}
    \centering
    \begin{tikzpicture}
      \tikzstyle{vertex} = [circle,minimum size=0.15cm,inner sep=0,fill=black];

      \begin{scope}
        \node[vertex,label={above right:$u$}] (u) at (0, 0) {};
        \node[vertex,label={above:$b_0$}] (b0) at (30:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={above:$a_0$}] (a0) at (90:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={above:$b_2$}] (b2) at (150:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$a_2$}] (a2) at (210:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$b_1$}] (b1) at (270:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$a_1$}] (a1) at (330:1) {};

        \foreach \v in {a0,a1,a2}
          \draw[thick] (\v) -- (u);

        \draw[thick] (a0) -- (b0);
        \draw[thick] (b0) -- (a1);
        \draw[thick] (a1) -- (b1);
        \draw[thick] (b1) -- (a2);
        \draw[thick] (a2) -- (b2);
        \draw[thick] (b2) -- (a0);
      \end{scope}

      \draw[-implies,double equal sign distance] (1.5,0) -- (2.5,0);

      \begin{scope}[xshift=4cm]
        \node[vertex,label={above:$b_0$}] (b0) at (30:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={above:$a_0$}] (a0) at (90:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={above:$b_2$}] (b2) at (150:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$a_2$}] (a2) at (210:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$b_1$}] (b1) at (270:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$a_1$}] (a1) at (330:1) {};

        \draw[thick] (a0) -- (b0);
        \draw[thick] (b0) -- (a1);
        \draw[thick] (a1) -- (b1);
        \draw[thick] (b1) -- (a2);
        \draw[thick] (a2) -- (b2);
        \draw[thick] (b2) -- (a0);

        \draw[thick] (b2) -- (a1);
      \end{scope}

      \node at (5.5,0) {,};

      \begin{scope}[xshift=7cm]
        \node[vertex,label={above:$b_0$}] (b0) at (30:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={above:$a_0$}] (a0) at (90:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={above:$b_2$}] (b2) at (150:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$a_2$}] (a2) at (210:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$b_1$}] (b1) at (270:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$a_1$}] (a1) at (330:1) {};

        \draw[thick] (a0) -- (b0);
        \draw[thick] (b0) -- (a1);
        \draw[thick] (a1) -- (b1);
        \draw[thick] (b1) -- (a2);
        \draw[thick] (a2) -- (b2);
        \draw[thick] (b2) -- (a0);

        \draw[thick] (a0) -- (b1);
      \end{scope}

      \node at (8.5,0) {,};

      \begin{scope}[xshift=10cm]
        \node[vertex,label={above:$b_0$}] (b0) at (30:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={above:$a_0$}] (a0) at (90:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={above:$b_2$}] (b2) at (150:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$a_2$}] (a2) at (210:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$b_1$}] (b1) at (270:1) {};
        \node[vertex,label={below:$a_1$}] (a1) at (330:1) {};

        \draw[thick] (a0) -- (b0);
        \draw[thick] (b0) -- (a1);
        \draw[thick] (a1) -- (b1);
        \draw[thick] (b1) -- (a2);
        \draw[thick] (a2) -- (b2);
        \draw[thick] (b2) -- (a0);

        \draw[thick] (a2) -- (b0);
      \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{}
    \figlabel{repl3}
  \end{subfigure}
  \caption{Replacement rules for quadric complexes.}
  \figlabel{repl}
\end{figure}

A \defterm{square complex} is a $2$-dimensional CW complex with a
simplicial $1$-skeleton such that the attaching maps of $2$-cells are
injective combinatorial maps from $4$-cycles.  The closed $2$-cells of
a square complex are called \defterm{squares}.  We assume that no two
squares of a square complex are glued to the same $4$-cycle of the
$1$-skeleton.  A \defterm{quadric complex} is a simply connected
square complex in which, for any subcomplex as on the left-hand side
of \Figref{repl}, there exists at least one subcomplex as on its
right-hand side having the same boundary path.  In other words,
quadric complexes are simply connected generalized $(4,4)$-complexes,
as defined by Wise \cite{Wise:2003}, that are built out of squares.
They were first studied in depth by Hoda \cite{Hoda:2017}.  A quadric
complex is a $\CAT(0)$ square complex if and only if its $1$-skeleton
is $K_{2,3}$-free.

\begin{thm}[Hoda \cite{Hoda:2017}]
  \thmlabel{ballisom} Let $X$ be a quadric complex.  Metric balls are
  isometrically embedded in $X^1$.
\end{thm}

\begin{lem}[Quadrangle Condition]
  \lemlabel{quadcond} Let $X$ be a quadric complex.  Let
  $u,v,w,x \in Y^0$ such that $v$ and $w$ are adjacent to $x$ and $v$
  and $w$ are closer to $u$ than is $x$.  Then there exists
  $y \in X^0$ adjacent to $v$ and $w$ and closer to $u$ than are $v$
  and $w$.
\end{lem}

\Lemref{quadcond} follows from the fact that the $1$-skeleta of
quadric complexes are precisely the hereditary modular graphs.  This
characterization is due to the result of Hoda that the $1$-skeleta are
the bi-bridged graphs \cite{Hoda:2017} and the theorem of Bandelt that
a graph is bi-bridged iff it is hereditary modular
\cite[Theorem~1]{Bandelt:1988}.

Let $X$ be a quadric complex.  The \defterm{interval} $I(u,v)$ between
a pair of vertices $u$ and $v$ in $X^0$ is the full subcomplex induced
by the union of the geodesics between $u$ and $v$.

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tikzstyle{vertex} = [circle,minimum size=0.15cm,inner sep=0,fill=black];

    \node[vertex,label={left:$u$}] (u) at (0,0) {};
    \node[vertex,label={right:$v$}] (v) at (6,0) {};

    \draw[thick,postaction={decorate},decoration={markings,mark=at
      position 1/2 with {\arrow{>},\node[label={above:$\alpha$}]
        {};},mark=at position 1/3 with {\node[vertex,label={above
          left:$\alpha_m$}] (am) {};}}] (u) to [out=45,in=135] (v);

    \draw[thick,postaction={decorate},decoration={markings,mark=at
      position 1/2 with {\arrow{>},\node[label={below:$\beta$}]
        {};},mark=at position 2/3 with {\node[vertex,label={below
          right:$\beta_k$}] (bk) {};}}] (u) to [out=315,in=225] (v);

    \draw[thick,postaction={decorate},decoration={markings,mark=at
      position 1/2 with {\arrow{>},\node[label={right:$\gamma$}]
        {};},mark=at position 9/10 with {\node[vertex,label={above
          right:$\gamma_{n-1}$}] (gnm1) {};}}] (am) to
    [out=330,in=120] (bk);

    \draw[thick,postaction={decorate},decoration={markings,mark=at
      position 1/2 with {\arrow{>},\node[label={above:$\delta$}]
        {};}}] (u) to [out=330,in=190] (gnm1);

    \draw[thick,postaction={decorate},decoration={markings,mark=at
      position 1/2 with {\arrow{>},\node[label={left:$\gamma'$}]
        {};}}] (am) to [out=300,in=150] (gnm1);
  \end{tikzpicture}
  \caption{Two geodesics $\alpha$ and $\beta$ between a pair of
    vertices $u$ and $v$ of a quadric complex along with a geodesic
    $\gamma$ joining $\alpha_m \in \alpha$ and $\beta_k \in \beta$.
    Used in the proof of \Thmref{intisomet}.}
  \figlabel{intisomet}
\end{figure}

\begin{thm}
  \thmlabel{intisomet} Let $X$ be a quadric complex and let
  $u,v \in X^0$.  The $1$-skeleton of $I(u,v)$ is isometrically
  embedded in $X^1$.
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
  Suppose not.  Then there are geodesics $(\alpha_i)_{i=0}^{\ell}$ and
  $(\beta_i)_{i=0}^{\ell}$ from $u$ to $v$ and indices $m$ and $k$
  such that no geodesic $(\gamma_i)_{i=0}^n$ from $\alpha_m$ to
  $\beta_k$ is contained in $I(u,v)$.  Choose $(\alpha_i)_i$,
  $(\beta_i)_i$, $m$ and $k$ so as to minimize
  $n = d(\alpha_m,\beta_k)$.  Without loss of generality, $m \le k$.

  By \Thmref{ballisom} we may assume that $(\gamma_i)_i$ is contained
  in $B_k(u)$.  Hence, since $X^1$ is bipartite,
  $d(u,\gamma_{n-1}) = k - 1$.  Let $(\delta_i)_{i=0}^{k-1}$ be a
  geodesic from $u$ to $\gamma_{n-1}$.  Let $(\beta'_i)_{i=0}^{\ell}$
  be the concatenation of the sequences $(\delta_i)_{i=0}^{k-1}$ and
  $(\beta_i)_{i=k}^{\ell}$.  Then $(\beta'_i)_i$ is a geodesic from
  $u$ to $v$.  By the minimality of
  $\bigl((\alpha_i)_i, (\beta_i)_i, m, k\bigr)$, there is a geodesic
  $(\gamma'_i)_{i=0}^{n-1}$ from $\alpha_m$ to
  $\beta'_{k-1} = \gamma_{n-1}$ such that $(\gamma'_i)_i$ is contained
  in $I(u,v)$.  But then appending $\gamma_n$ to $(\gamma'_i)_i$ we
  obtain a geodesic from $\alpha_m$ to $\beta_k$ that is contained in
  $I(u,v)$.  This is a contradiction.
\end{proof}

\begin{cor}
  \corlabel{intquad} Intervals in quadric complexes are quadric.
\end{cor}
\begin{proof}
  Quadric complexes are characterized by metric properties of their
  $1$-skeleta \cite{Hoda:2017}, so an isometrically embedded full
  subcomplex of a quadric complex is quadric.
\end{proof}

Fix a basepoint $\ast \in X^0$.  If, for all $v \in X^0$, the interval
$I(\ast, v)$ is a $\CAT(0)$ square complex then $(X,\ast)$
\defterm{has flat intervals}.  By \Corref{intquad}, $(X,\ast)$ has
flat intervals if and only if every $I(\ast,v)$ is $K_{2,3}$-free.

We now describe how we apply the results of Brodzki et al.\
\cite{Brodzki:2009} in the special case of $2$-dimensional $\CAT(0)$
cube complexes to our present situation.

Let $(X,\ast)$ be a based quadric complex with flat intervals.  Let
$Z_v = I(\ast,v)$ be a $\CAT(0)$ square complex interval in a quadric
complex.  We will describe the weight function $f_{n,v}$ of Brodzki et
al.\ \cite{Brodzki:2009} for $v$ in $Z_v$.  For $w \in Z_v^0$, let
$\rho(w)$ be the number of neighbours of $w$ in $Z_v^1$ that lie on
geodesics from $w$ to $\ast$.  The \defterm{deficiency} of
$w \in Z_v^0$ is defined as follows.
\[\delta(w) = 2 - \rho(w) \]
Define $f_{n,v}\colon Z_v^0 \to \N$ as follows.\[ f_{n,v}(w) =
\begin{cases}
  0 & \text{if $d(w,v) > n$} \\
  1 & \text{if $d(w,v) \le n$ and $\delta(w) = 0$} \\
  n - d(w,v) + 1 & \text{if $d(w,v) \le n$ and $\delta(w) = 1$} \\
  \frac{1}{2} \bigl(n - d(w,v) + 2\bigr)\bigl(n - d(w,v) + 1\bigr) &
  \text{if $d(w,v) \le n$ and $\delta(w) = 2$}
\end{cases}
\]
We extend $f_{n,v}$ by zeroes to all of $X^0$.  Note that if $v'$ is a
neighbour of $v$, then $Z_{v'} \subseteq Z_v$ or
$Z_v \subseteq Z_{v'}$, say the latter, and that $Z_v$ and $Z_{v'}$
are both intervals of $\ast$ in $Z_{v'}$, which by flatness is a
$\CAT(0)$ square complex.  So we may apply the results of Brodzki et
al.\ that
\[ ||f_{n,v}||_1 = \frac{1}{2}(n+2)(n+1) \]
\cite[Proposition~3.10]{Brodzki:2009} and for a neighbour $v'$ of
$v$, \[ ||f_{n,v} - f_{n,v'}||_1 = 2(n+1) \]
\cite[Proposition~3.11]{Brodzki:2009} and so we have the following.

\begin{thm}
  \thmlabel{qfia} Let $X$ be a quadric complex.  If there exists
  $\ast \in X^0$ such that $(X,\ast)$ has flat intervals then $X$
  satisfies Property~A.
\end{thm}

\section{The squaring of
  \texorpdfstring{$2$-dimensional}{2-dimensional} systolic complexes}

Let $(Y,\ast)$ be a $2$-dimensional systolic complex with a basepoint
$\ast \in Y^0$.  Let $X_Y^1$ be the subgraph of $Y^1$ given by the
union of all edges whose endpoints are not equidistant to $u$.  Note
that $X_Y^1$ is bipartite The \defterm{squaring} of $(Y,\ast)$ is the
based square complex $(X_Y,\ast)$ obtained from $X_Y^1$ by attaching a
unique square along its boundary to each embedded $4$-cycle of
$X_Y^1$.

\begin{thm}
  \thmlabel{sqqi} Let $(Y,\ast)$ be a based $2$-dimensional systolic
  complex and let $(X_Y,\ast)$ be the squaring of $(Y,\ast)$.  Then
  $Y^1$ is quasi-isometric to $X_Y^1$.
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
  Applying \Lemitmrefp{systlem}{tricond} to $\ast$ and an edge $e$ of
  $Y^1$ that is not contained in $X_Y^1$ gives us a triangle, one of
  whose edges is $e$ and whose remaining edges are contained in
  $X_Y^1$.  This ensures that distances in $X_Y^1$ increase by at most
  a factor of two relative to distances in $Y^1$.
\end{proof}

\begin{thm}
  \thmlabel{sqquad} Let $(Y,\ast)$ be a based $2$-dimensional systolic
  complex.  The squaring $(X_Y,\ast)$ of $(Y,\ast)$ is quadric.
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
  We need to show that $X_Y$ is simply connected and that, for every
  subgraph of $X_Y^1$ as in the left-hand side of \Figref{repl3}, a
  pair of antipodal vertices in the outer $6$-cycle is joined by an
  edge.

  To show that $X_Y$ is simply connected it suffices to show that, for
  every embedded cycle $\alpha$ of $X_Y^1$, there is a $2$-dimensional
  square complex $D'$ homeomorphic to a $2$-dimensional disk and a
  combinatorial map $D' \to X_Y$ whose restriction to the boundary
  $\bd D'$ of $D'$ is $\alpha$.  By the van Kampen Lemma
  \cite[Proposition~9.2 of Section~III.9]{Lyndon:2001} since $Y$ is
  simply connected, there exists a $2$-dimensional simplicial complex
  $D$ homeomorphic to a $2$-disk $D$ and a combinatorial map $D \to Y$
  which restricts to $\alpha$ on the boundary.  Choose such $D \to Y$
  so as to minimize the number of triangles of $D$.  By
  \Lemitmrefp{systlem}{sphtfree}, each triangle of $D$ has a unique
  edge $e$ that is not contained in $X_Y^1$.  Then $e$ is contained in
  the interior of $D$ and, by the minimality of $D \to Y$, the star of
  $e$ is embedded in $Y$.  Let $D'$ be the result of deleting all such
  $e$ from $D^1$ and then spanning a square on each embedded
  $4$-cycle.  Since every embedded $4$-cycle of $X_Y$ spans a square,
  we may extend $(D')^1 \to (X_Y)^1$ to $D' \to X_Y$.  This proves
  that $X_Y$ is simply connected.

  Let $W$ be a subgraph of $X_Y^1$ as in the left-hand side of
  \Figref{repl3} and with the same vertex labels.  By $6$-largeness of
  $Y$, each of the embedded $4$-cycles of $W$ have a diagonal.  Since
  the girth of the link of $u$ is at least 6, these diagonals must
  join $u$ to each of the $b_i$.  Hence $u$ is adjacent to every
  vertex in the outer $6$-cycle $C$ of $W$.

  Let $v$ be a furthest vertex of $C$ from $\ast$. By
  \Lemitmrefp{systlem}{ballneighb}, the neighbours of $v$ in $C$ are
  joined by an edge.  But then there is a $5$-cycle in the link of $u$
  which contradicts the $2$-dimensional systolicity of $Y$.
\end{proof}

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.5]
    \tikzstyle{vertex} = [circle,minimum size=0.15cm,inner sep=0,fill=black];
    \begin{scope}
      \node[vertex,label={above right:$b'$}] (bp) at (1,0) {};
      \node[vertex,label={above right:$b_0$}] (b0) at (1/2,1/2) {};
      \node[vertex,label={above left:$a_0$}] (a0) at (-1/2,1/2) {};
      \node[vertex,label={above left:$a'$}] (ap) at (-1,0) {};
      \node[vertex,label={below left:$a_1$}] (a1) at (-1/2,-1/2) {};
      \node[vertex,label={below right:$b_1$}] (b1) at (1/2,-1/2) {};

      \node[vertex,label={left:$a$}] (a) at (-2,0) {};
      \node[vertex,label={right:$b$}] (b) at (2,0) {};

      \draw[thick] (bp) -- (b0);
      \draw[thick] (b0) -- (a0);
      \draw[thick] (a0) -- (ap);
      \draw[thick] (ap) -- (a1);
      \draw[thick] (a1) -- (b1);
      \draw[thick] (b1) -- (bp);

      \draw[thick] (a1) -- (b0);
      \draw[thick,preaction={draw,line width=3.2pt,white}] (a0) -- (b1);

      \draw[thick] (bp) -- (b);
      \draw[thick] (ap) -- (a);
    \end{scope}
  \end{tikzpicture}
  \caption{A $K_{2,2}$ spanning the vertices $a_0$, $a_1$, $b_0$ and
    $b_1$ and embedded in a particular way in the interval $I(a,b)$ of
    a graph.  Such an embedding is not possible in the squaring of a
    based $2$-dimensional systolic complex.  Used in the proof of
    \Thmref{sqfi}.}
  \figlabel{tsqint}
\end{figure}

\begin{thm}
  \thmlabel{sqfi} Let $(Y,\ast)$ be a based $2$-dimensional systolic
  complex.  The squaring $(X_Y,\ast)$ of $(Y,\ast)$ has flat
  intervals.
\end{thm}
\begin{proof}
  Suppose there is a $K_{2,3}$ in an interval $I(\ast,v)$ of $X_Y$.
  Let $\{a_0,a_1\} \sqcup \{b_0, b_1, b_2\}$ be the bipartition of the
  $K_{2,3}$.  Some pair of vertices of $\{b_0, b_1, b_2\}$ are
  equidistant to $\ast$, say $\{b_0,b_1\}$.

  Consider the case where $a_0$ and $a_1$ are equidistant to $\ast$.
  Let $a$ be the closer of $\ast $ and $v$ to $a_0$ and let $b$ be the
  closer of $\ast$ and $v$ to $b_0$.  Let $a'$ and $b'$ be obtained by
  applying \Lemref{quadcond} to $a_0$, $a_1$ and $a$ and to $b_0$,
  $b_1$ and $b$, as in \Figref{tsqint}.  By $6$-largeness of $Y$, the
  $4$-cycle $(a_0, a', a_1,b_0)$ has a diagonal in $Y^1$.  Since
  $(a',a_0,b_0)$ is a geodesic, the diagonal must join $a_0$ and
  $a_1$.  Similarly, $b_0$ and $b_1$ are joined by edge in $Y^1$ and
  hence, by flagness, $\{a_0, a_1, b_0, b_1\}$ spans a $3$-simplex in
  $Y$.  This contradicts the $2$-dimensionality of $Y$.

  In the remaining case $a_0$ and $a_1$ are not equidistant to $\ast$.
  Then the $b_i$ must all be equidistant to $\ast$ with the
  $(a_0,b_i,a_1)$ all geodesics.  Applying a similar argument as in
  the previous case to the $4$-cycles $(a_0,b_i,a_1,b_j)$ we see that
  the $b_i$ span a triangle in $Y$ and so, together with $a_0$, they
  span a $3$-simplex contradicting, again, the $2$-dimensionality of
  $Y$.
\end{proof}

As an immediate consequence of \Thmref{sqqi}, \Thmref{sqquad},
\Thmref{sqfi} and \Thmref{qfia} we have the Main~Theorem.

\bibliographystyle{abbrv}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Brown Booby
Brown Booby Life History
Explore Birds of North America to learn more.
HabitatOceans
FoodFish
NestingGround
BehaviorAerial Dive
ConservationLow Concern
Brown Boobies nest in colonies on predator-free tropical islands, especially coral atolls. They sometimes nest on hillsides but more often select sandy beaches or rocky cliffs without trees. When not nesting, they are birds of the open ocean, sometimes resting on the water when far from land but often returning to islets or manmade perches (buoys, channel markers, jetties) to rest. In the ocean, like many seabirds, Brown Boobies forage in greatest numbers where prey is concentrated, whether near the convergence of two currents or an area of upwelling. Because their prey is mobile, these birds often follow fish for long distances, even when foraging to provision chicks. Birds that disperse into inland areas forage in freshwater where prey is available and visible.
Brown Boobies eat mainly fish and squid. They are acrobatic birds, particularly for their size, able to soar when searching for prey and then pivot rapidly to dive. They dive from various heights and at various angles, using their narrow wings and long tail to change direction, speed, and angle as they dive. Often, they dive at a shallow angle ("skim-plunging") and make several dives in rapid succession. They are fairly good swimmers below the water, using both feet and wings for propulsion. Brown Boobies usually finish swallowing prey as they reach the water's surface. They have a varied diet that includes shrimp, prawns, squid, anchovy, sardine, flying fish, halfbeak, mullet, mackerel, sea catfish, queenfish, garfish, goatfish, squirrelfish, parrotfish, and various types of flatfish and blennies. Brown Boobies feed alone, in flocks, and in mixed-species flocks with terns, shearwaters, pelicans, or other species of booby. Like Red-footed Boobies, Browns sometimes fly alongside or in front of moving boats or ships, capturing flying fish and other prey fleeing the vessel. They also follow schools of feeding fish such as tuna, which often force smaller prey toward the water's surface. They are less likely to perch on moving ships, as Red-footed Boobies often do.
Nest Placement
Males usually select the nest site, a patch of flat terrain with very little or no vegetation.
Nest Description
Both male and female arrange whatever items are available in their environment, such as branches, grass, feathers, bones of dead birds, or trash into a rough nest that varies in width from 12 to 18 inches, with interior cup about 7 inches across and 2.5 inches deep. Some nests involve only a few pieces of vegetation.
Nesting Facts
Clutch Size: 1-3 eggs
Egg Description: Pale bluish or greenish, with white outer layer.
Condition at Hatching: Blind and helpless.
The male selects a nesting territory from the air, then checks the site by landing and performing a display called "parading," in which he holds the tail up and lists from side to side while walking with exaggerated steps. When a female appears, the male begins displaying, thrusting his bill skyward and calling. On the ground, with the female, the male also performs many stylized displays involving bill and wing movements, as well as bowing. Paired birds also preen each other with their bills (a behavior known as "mutual allopreening"). Mating occurs when the pair begins to construct the nest together and the female begins a display that looks like nest-weaving. Male and female share incubation and chick-rearing duties and greet the returning mate by waving the head, touching bills, and bowing. In some colonies, about half of returning birds re-partner with their mate of the previous breeding season and occupy the same nest site. Both sexes defend the small nest territory, first using threat displays such as calling, pecking at the ground, and bill-jabbing but then sometimes fighting, using both bill and wings.
Brown Booby populations declined greatly in historic times and have continued to decline more recently. The species' current population is likely 90% lower than 100 years ago. Partners in Flight estimates a global breeding population of under 500,000 (the great majority of which occur outside North America). Partners in Flight rates the species a 12 out of 20 on the Continental Concern Score, indicating a species of low conservation concern. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) notes a declining population but gives the species a ranking of Least Concern. Like most island-breeding seabirds, Brown Boobies are very vulnerable to introduced predators. They have disappeared from historical breeding islands now colonized by humans, along with introduced rats, cats, pigs, and other animals. Disturbance of colonies by boaters also has a negative impact on breeding success.
Kushlan, J. A., M. J. Steinkamp, K. C. Parsons, J. Capp, M. A. Cruz, M. Coulter, I. Davidson, L. Dickson, N. Edelson, R. Elliott, R. M. Erwin, S. Hatch, S. Kress, R. Milko, S. Miller, K. Mills, R. Paul, R. Phillips, J. E. Saliva, W. Sydeman, J. Trapp, J. Wheeler and K. Wohl (2002). Waterbird conservation for the Americas: The North American waterbird conservation plan, version 1. Washington, DC, USA.
Lutmerding, J. A. and A. S. Love. Longevity records of North American birds. Version 2015.2. Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Bird Banding Laboratory 2015.
Partners in Flight (2017). Avian Conservation Assessment Database. 2017.
Schreiber, Elizabeth A. and R. L. Norton. (2002). Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster), version 2.0. In The Birds of North America (P. G. Rodewald, editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Sibley, D. A. (2014). The Sibley Guide to Birds, second edition. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, USA.
Masked Booby
Northern Gannet
Boobies and Gannets(Order: Suliformes, Family:Sulidae)
Habitat Network
Which Backyard Birds Eat Which Plants? A Quick Guide to Native Foods
Analysis: The Economic Value of Birds
All About Feathers


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IAN QUILLEN
COLLEGE PARK, Md. — Maryland defensive end Yannick Ngakoue insisted stopping Bowling Green's high-tempo offense isn't that difficult, even after Saturday's outcome suggested otherwise.
Matt Johnson, a graduate of Bishop McDevitt High School in Harrisburg, threw 491 yards and six touchdowns, both career highs, as Bowling Green pulled away to send Maryland to a 48-27 defeat.
"You've got to be mentally prepared," said a frustrated Ngakoue, who had three sacks of Johnson, all before halftime. "That's all you've got to do, man."
Roger Lewis caught two touchdown passes and set a career high with 200 receiving yards, and Johnson also connected with Robbie Rhodes, Ryan Burbrink, Derek Lee and Gehrig Dieter.
The Falcons signal-caller threw four TDs during the fourth quarter, as the Terrapins (1-1) gave up the game's final 21 points and fell to 8-2 against nonconference opposition since 2013.
"Team loss today," said Maryland coach Randy Edsall. "Offense, defense, special teams and coaching all contributed to it."
Edsall is a Susquehannock High School graduate.
Johnson's previous career high of 424 passing yards came only a week ago against No. 23 Tennessee. On Saturday, Bowling Green (1-1) outgained Maryland 692-341, and ran 105 plays to the Terps' 59. In two weeks, the Johnson's group has accrued 1,268 total yards.
Maryland quarterback Perry Hills threw for two touchdowns and ran for 94 yards, but was removed midway through the fourth quarter.
Hills completed 15 of 30 passes for 168 yards and was intercepted once, one of four Maryland turnovers in a game delayed by 55 minutes at halftime for inclement weather.
"I missed too many things," said Hills. "There's some things that I could've done better and that I'm going to look to improve on."
Hills said Edsall hasn't told him if there will be any long-term change at starting quarterback. Saturday's backup, Caleb Rowe, threw two picks in three pass attempts
"We'll sit down and watch the film and have a discussion about what we're going to do moving forward," Edsall said.
Maryland was also outgained 201-156 on the ground, a week after the Terrapins ran for 341 yards in their season opener against Richmond.
While Hills was the Terps' leading rusher, Bowling Green's Fred Coppet ran for 109 yards on 15 carries and teammate Travis Greene ran for a touchdown.
Maryland's William Likely returned a punt for a touchdown for the second time in as many games, but also muffed a punt after halftime that set up Greene's touchdown run.
Brad Craddock kicked two first-half field goals for Maryland.
Bowling Green took the lead for good on Johnson's second connection with Lewis, a 27-yard fade route that made it 34-27 midway through the fourth quarter and punctuated a seven-play, 73-yard drive. Lewis outmaneuvered cornerback Sean Davis to make the catch.
Johnson threw for two more scores before exiting for backup James Knapke against a flummoxed Maryland defense.
"I don't know, it was just lack of communication," Ngakoue said. "We weren't hitting the defensive calls we were supposed to do. . It was just too many gashes and holes."
Bowling Green took a 27-20 lead early in the fourth after a 99-yard, 17-play drive.
Johnson completed it with a 5-yard toss to Burbrink on second-and-goal. The Falcons converted twice on third down during the march, including via Davis' pass interference penalty on third-and-13.
Maryland responded with its own 75-yard drive, punctuated by Hills' 22-yard TD toss over the middle to Levern Jacobs. The throw, coming on a drive prolonged by a Bowling Green unsportsmanlike conduct penalty, knotted it for a third time with 12:30 left to play.
The Terps wouldn't threaten again.
"They just played very well on defense and they tackled very well," Hills said. "Nothing that we really haven't seen. Just they executed a little bit better."


Uni-Vite by Universal Nutrition at Bodybuilding.com - Lowes Prices on Uni-Vite!
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Uni-Vite includes multiple muscle-building nutrient blends. Contained in each serving of Uni-Vite are five unique blends comprising the ergogenic enhancement matrix of the product—antioxidants, sports performance compounds, phytonutrients and digestive aids.* This is a defining characteristic of Uni-Vite, and one that separates it from the run-of-the-mill one-a-day crowd.
Uni-Vite is encapsulated. Several athletes, for a variety of reasons, prefer capsules over tablets. Many find capsules easier to swallow; some tend to digest capsules better and feel they heighten nutrient absorption. Universal stands apart, yet again, from the field, being among only a few companies in the industry to provide an encapsulated multivitamin formula for bodybuilders.
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Gelatin, Maltodextrin, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate, Titanium Dioxide, FD&C Yellow #5, FD&C Yellow #6.
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Foodie Confidential
Foodie Confidential: From telecoms to bubble tea
Mr Goh Chee Cheng knew little about tea when he decided to make the career switch
Mr Goh Chee Cheng opened bubble tea outfit Yuan Cha in September last year.ST PHOTO: JONATHAN CHOO
Kenneth Goh
Aug 20, 2017, 5:00 am SGT
http://str.sg/4rga
For 15 years, Mr Goh Chee Cheng's life revolved around setting up telecommunications infrastructure for devices such as pagers and mobile phones as well as Internet networks.
The 47-year-old held project management roles in telecommunication firms such as Keppel T&T, Ericsson and Tektronix.
While in the business of connecting people, he ironically was not interacting with people, which he missed.
He recalls: "It was an endless chase of achieving faster bandwidth and speed, and it became boring to deal with the same machines and software that had to be upgraded constantly."
In 2010, he was approached to join the Taiwanese bubble tea chain Gong Cha franchise, which was run by Mr Rodney Tang. It was converted to home-grown label LiHo in May this year, following the sale of Gong Cha's parent company Royal Tea Taiwan to Gong Cha Korea.
The two men had met on a telecommunications project in their previous jobs. Despite "being only able to tell green tea from black tea", Mr Goh jumped at the opportunity.
He says: "It was more meaningful to interact with people from all walks of life, from customers to tea suppliers to staff, than upgrading and troubleshooting machines."
WHAT WOULD YOUR LAST MEAL BE?
Mee sua soup with scrambled eggs, as my mother made this dish for my birthday when I was younger.
His five years as operations director of Gong Cha saw a "crazy expansion" which gave him "little time to think". The chain expanded to 84 outlets within eight years.
In 2015, he left the company as "business had become quite established" for a 1½-year stint as general manager of French patisserie-restaurant, Antoinette.
Last September, he struck out on his own with Yuan Cha, a local bubble tea outfit, which has two outlets, in Bukit Panjang Plaza and Far East Plaza.
Besides bubble tea, Yuan Cha also offers a premium range of high- mountain oolong tea from a 200-year-old tea plantation, Sheng Sheng Tea in Nantou, Taiwan.
The teas, which are served hot and without sugar, include red oolong that has a smooth hint of milk tea flavour; Lishan, which has a gentle sweetness; and the famed Alishan tea, known for its floral flavour.
Yuan Cha has a menu of about 40 drinks made from six types of tea. The teas are sourced from a supplier in Taiwan, which customises blends for the shop.
The menu also features a fruit vinegar series that combines tea and vinegar flavoured with lime, plum or apple.
Mr Goh intends to open two more outlets in Jurong Point and Nex by January next year. There are also plans to expand to Vietnam and Malaysia next year.
Mr Goh, who is married to a 45-year-old secretary in a loss adjusting firm, has three children, aged 12 to 14, who love bubble tea. But they do not get the drink any time they want.
He says: "I do not take bubble tea home for them. If they want to drink it, they need to make the effort to visit my stores."
If your house were on fire, which tea from your tea cabinet would you save first?
Ziya Shan tea. It is a unique oolong tea leaf from the 200-year-old Sheng Sheng Tea plantation in Taichung. It has a natural mint flavour with a soothing aftertaste.
How many cups of tea do you drink daily?
One or two. I like to brew a pot of red oolong tea at home. Tea has a long history and brewing it is my way of preserving a slice of tea culture.
What is a common misconception about bubble tea?
That it is a very sweet beverage. You need sweetness to give tea flavours a lift, especially milk teas. But I do not add sugar excessively.
What are your fondest memories of food from your childhood?
I grew up in a kampung in Choa Chu Kang, where my parents ran a chicken farm. We were not well-off, so my memories of food are very basic. However, I remember that Chinese New Year was the most happening time as I got to eat bak kwa.
You eat hawker food daily. Which are your favourite places?
I like the fish soup at Hong Kong Street Zhen Ji in Commonwealth Crescent Market as the flavourful soup has a hint of Chinese rice wine and good portions of fish. I grew up near Bukit Timah Food Centre, so I have been visiting He Zhong Carrot Cake for a long time. Its "white-style" carrot cake has an old-school taste and is very crisp. I also go to Ah Poh BBQ Seafood in the same hawker centre as its barbecued stingray and sambal are done very well.
What is the best thing you have eaten?
Xiang yu (barbecued freshwater fish) at a restaurant in Taipei. The fish can survive only in a very clean environment, so its flesh has an unadulterated sweetness.
What is your favourite overseas foodie destination?
I go to Taiwan two or three times a year to visit my tea supplier and I love the vibrant food culture there. The glutinous rice in Dong Fa Hao in Raohe Night Market in Taipei is my must-eat. The rice is simply cooked, with dried shrimps and pork, but it is so fragrant. In Danshui, I go to Danshui A-gei stall, which is famous for its fried tofu stuffed with rice noodles. In Pingtung, the steamed crabs in Dongsheng Restaurant have a great natural sweetness.
Do you cook these days?
I hardly cook. I am the "head chef" who tastes and gives comments on the food my wife cooks. I learnt how to cook curry chicken from my mother, but it is a lot of work for one dish, from making the paste and extracting the coconut milk to peeling potatoes.
If you could dine with anyone, who would it be?
Mr Jack Ma, founder of Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba. We share similar work backgrounds in the telecommunication industry. I would like to find out how he does business and get him to invest in my company over dinner.
Sign up for the ST Food newsletter for weekly updates on the latest food trends and best eats in town.
A version of this article appeared in the print edition of The Sunday Times on August 20, 2017, with the headline 'From telecoms to bubble tea '. Print Edition | Subscribe


Ron's comeback has turned Wisconsin's Senate race into a true toss-up, and national Republican leaders are looking to Ron and Wisconsin as a key opportunity to keep the Republican Senate majority. One national conservative leader even said that control of the U.S. Senate comes down to Wisconsin.
See below for some national coverage of the race.
Wisconsin Sen. Ron Johnson is enjoying support from national Republicans as his rematch with Democrat Russ Feingold appears headed for a tight finish.
On Saturday, Republican vice presidential candidate Mike Pence joined the fight in the Badger State. The Indiana governor stood shoulder to shoulder with all the members of Wisonsin's conservative power bloc: Speaker of the House Paul Ryan, Gov. Scott Walker, Rep. Jim Sensenbrenner, and Johnson himself.
Feingold held his Senate seat for 18 years before being defeated by Johnson as part of the 2010 Republican wave. Until recently, Feingold was favored to return the favor, but a recent Marquette University Law School poll showed the race as a virtual tie after previously putting Feingold in front by six points.
Both parties have poured money and manpower into the race, seen as crucial to determining control of the Senate. No fewer than 45 outside organizations are now spending money in Wisconsin on Johnson's behalf. Sixteen of them have spent more than $100,000, which is enough to buy television ads and contribute to the air war.
"This is a man we are going to send back to the United States Senate in a renewed Republican majority," Pence told the crowd in Mukwonago. "A man who was an outsider, a businessman who brought common sense conservative values to the United States Senate and Wisconsin is going to send Johnson.
At a rally in Madison, Feingold jabbed Johnson over abortion, privatization of Social Security, the minimum wage and Donald Trump.
Feingold and his supporters are up against a Republican ground machine that's been oiled, tested and refined in the election, recall and re-election of Governor Scott Walker. An internal memo from the Johnson campaign boasts that volunteers for Johnson have knocked on 1.6 million doors in Wisconsin, and they are continuing at a rate of 84,000 visits per week.
"In the final days we are right where we want to be and the wind is at our backs," one excerpt from the memo reads.
Supplementing the party's efforts, the conservative group American Majority Action (AMA) is boasting that their volunteers knocked on 50,000 doors to get out the vote for Johnson.


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Homecanberra historyI love the Aboriginal Tent Embassy
I love the Aboriginal Tent Embassy
By inchiki January 27, 2012 canberra history, inchiki news, indigenous 0 Comments
The Australian media somehow isn't seeing the true significance of yesterday's skirmish outside The Lobby restaurant following Tony Abott's ignorant comments about the significance of the Aboriginal Tent Embassy in Canberra. I unfortunately have no real connections to the Aboriginal community here. But only last year on a cool autumn morning I was walking through the rose gardens, when I caught a whisper of smoke on the air from a campfire burning over in front of old parliament house. It reminded me of the bush, it reminded me of the Australia that exists beyond the monoliths of the parliamentary triangle, that existed on this spot for millenia, and I was immensely grateful for it then.
It is terrible that there can be no recognition among people like Tony Abbott of the importance of the ongoing protest that has been occuring at this spot. It is symbolic of the whole state of affairs that still exists with the role of Aboriginal people in Australia. I thought last Autumn – why don't Aboriginal people have a permanent home here in Canberra, why do they have to keep on with this temporary place? But perhaps by asking that question I am shewing how out of touch I am with the heart of the issues. Whatever the solution is, I hope that it does not put out the fires that drift their aromatic smoke among the rosebushes on the lawns of parliament. It seems to be the only signature of humane occupation that exists in Canberra.
stupid news
Collected Works, Ken Taylor and general Happenings
John Gale


Studies Find Acupuncture Cuts Post-Surgical Pain - Jennifer Dubowsky, DIPL.Ac.
Last week I posted Acupuncture Helps Ease Post-Surgical Ills about a recent study done by Duke University Medical Center in North Carolina which found that Acupuncture, may actually work better than drugs. And patients were happier with the treatment. Here are some excerpts from an article about the great research they are doing at Duke.
"The use of acupuncture is still very under-appreciated," Dr. Tong-Joo Gan, vice chairman of Duke's anesthesiology department, said in a telephone interview.
The research was presented at a conference of the American Society for Anesthesiology in San Francisco.


The 90's were they heyday for superbike racing: the action was hard, the bikes were trick, and the grids were full. Today's races lack the same sparkle.among other factors, the technical regulations designed to cut costs have robbed the world series of the magnetism it had when Foggy, Edwards, Haga and any number of world-class talents slugged it out on tricked-up road bikes.
In the 90's, the manufacturers were at war with each other for superbike glory. It mattered, so the homologation special mattered.these limited production machines became essential to the manufacturers if they wanted a sniff of glory.
The Yamaha YZF-R7 OW-02 is the last truewsb homologation bike from Japan: all since have been mildly up-specced production bikes, not trick limited-run specials. It would only compete until the end of 2000: they pulled out following Noriyuki Haga's near-miss with the championship (involving docked points for banned substances) and his subsequent move to 500GP. In 2004 the capacity limit was raised to 1000cc INWSB and BSB as well as regulations tightened up, and regular production litre bikes were good enough to build a race bike from under the new regs.
The R7 stands out as something of a highwater mark: the last in the special breed of bikes unique to the late 1980s and 1990s. Despite it being relatively unsuccessful on track, it's looks and spec still guarantee it uncontestedclassic status. So does the Honda Evo Fireblade, but for a different reason. Just 23 of the Uk-built would-be TT challengers exist, and it's easy to forget just how trick they are, despite their origins in one of the least-loved iterations of the standard 'Blade.
Seeing one is a moment worthy of posting to anyone's social media feeds these days, but PS had the once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to get these exclusive machines together. So we didn't do it by halves: we packed them in a van, away from the cold slime of the UK winter, for the warm sunny roads (and a racetrack) of southern Spain.


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In Washington, NLC Leaders Represent City Priorities
Carolyn Berndt
For Washington, DC, August is a quiet month. With Congress in recess and the President typically on vacation, the federal government has a chance to hear from constituents and work on long-term plans and issues. For NLC's Federal Advocacy Committees, however, that pause in the action is golden opportunity.
This week, over three dozen city leaders traveled to Washington to represent cities, meeting with Congress, the White House, federal agencies, and more. Over the course of the fly-in, NLC members achieved several victories — and educated key government officials on the priorities of city leaders across America.
Committee leaders notched one victory with the passage of a continuing resolution that preserves level funding for three months and delays the possibility government shutdown. Additionally, NLC members educated Congress on the important of protecting the State and Local Tax deduction in upcoming tax reform discussions, driving home the absolute importance of this commonsense exemption that is under consideration for elimination. Discussing budgetary matters, they also shared examples of how programs such as CDGB, TIGER and HOME are essential to providing critical services to residents in communities of all sizes.
After an opening briefing at NLC headquarters and several Congressional meetings on Wednesday, NLC hosted an informal reception with local elected officials and federal agency intergovernmental affairs officials to build better bonds between local and federal leadership.
On Thursday and Friday, NLC took to the Hill in force — meeting with nearly 40 Members of Congress to discuss a wide variety of issues such as appropriations, tax reform, infrastructure and Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals.
NLC Second Vice President Karen Freeman-Wilson, mayor, Gary, Indiana, at the Eisenhower Executive Office Building.
During these meetings, NLC members stressed the importance of SALT and tax-exempt municipal bonds, the challenges local communities are facing with infrastructure, and the importance of robustly funded programs that provide cities with the money they need to provide vital services to their communities. These messages were carried to Congressional leadership, including House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi and the Chairs and Ranking Members of important Congressional committees and subcommittees.
Thursday also saw the NLC members bring their message to federal agencies and the White House. Over 25 local elected officials meet with DJ Gribbin, Special Assistant to the President for Infrastructure Policy, to discuss infrastructure and the role cities must play in any future infrastructure package.
NLC President Matt Zone, Councilmember, Cleveland, meets with Labor Secretary R. Alexander Acosta in Washington, DC.
Also on Thursday, an NLC delegation including NLC President Matt Zone and Second Vice President Karen Freeman-Wilson met with Secretary of Labor Alexander Acosta to discuss the importance of workforce development programs, and the role that workforce development will play in an infrastructure package. Members spoke with the Secretary about the labor challenges that they are facing in their communities, and the programs that have been most successful in developing stronger and better educated work forces.
Following their meeting with the President's special assistant, NLC members also meet with senior leadership from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs, Office of Policy, Office of Federal Affairs, and Deputy Assistant Administrator D. Lee Forsgren from the Office of Water. In the meeting, members stressed the importance of programs like the Clean Water and Drinking Water State Revolving Funds, regional restoration efforts in the Great Lakes and Chesapeake Bay, the challenges around stormwater and wastewater management, and their role in an infrastructure package.
Additionally, some NLC members meet with senior officials at the U.S. Department of Transportation to continue the discussion on the transportation infrastructure needs of local communities. They discussed the necessity of funding existing DOT programs and streamlining project approvals. NLC also stressed the need for direct funding to cities through programs such as TIGER and infrastructure grants. They also expressed cities' desire to help build a great infrastructure package that leverages money for cities.
NLC committee leaders advise a senior USDOT official on infrastructure priorities.
Through these activities, NLC found a great deal of support for funding the programs that matter the most to cities — such as CDBG, infrastructure grants and other programs that directly connect cities to federal funding.
NLC is confident that Congress and the Administration will continue to engage with local leaders in upcoming discussions on tax reform, infrastructure, appropriations and immigration. Cities are an unparalleled source of knowledge, ideas and experience, and an important partner in building a stronger, more prosperous country.


*Disclaimer: Our podcasters may express personal views and opinion, which do not necessarily reflect the official views of the OECD or its member countries.
Your views matter. You can comment on our podcasts by writing to Observer@oecd.org, by Tweeting at @oecdobserver (Twitter) or leaving a comment at www.soundcloud.com/oecd.
Inequality: Can Sweden reconquer utopia?


What is Tanzanian Royalty Exploration's stock symbol?
Tanzanian Royalty Exploration trades on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) under the ticker symbol "TNX."
When is Tanzanian Royalty Exploration's next earnings date?
Tanzanian Royalty Exploration is scheduled to release their next quarterly earnings announcement on Thursday, April 25th 2019. View Earnings Estimates for Tanzanian Royalty Exploration.
Has Tanzanian Royalty Exploration been receiving favorable news coverage?
News coverage about TNX stock has been trending somewhat positive this week, InfoTrie Sentiment Analysis reports. The research group scores the sentiment of press coverage by analyzing more than six thousand blog and news sources in real-time. The firm ranks coverage of companies on a scale of -5 to 5, with scores nearest to five being the most favorable. Tanzanian Royalty Exploration earned a media sentiment score of 1.2 on InfoTrie's scale. They also gave media headlines about the company a news buzz of 0.0 out of 10, meaning that recent press coverage is extremely unlikely to have an impact on the stock's share price in the next several days.
Who are some of Tanzanian Royalty Exploration's key competitors?
Some companies that are related to Tanzanian Royalty Exploration include Silver Lake Resources (SLR), Golden Star Resources (GSC), Wesdome Gold Mines (WDO), New Gold (NGD), New Gold (NGD), Atlantic Gold (AGB), Perseus Mining (PRU), Golden Star Resources (GSS), Golden Star Resources (GSS), TMAC Resources (TMR), Perseus Mining (PRU), Victoria Gold (VIT), Teranga Gold (TGZ), Sabina Gold & Silver (SBB) and Roxgold (ROXG).
What other stocks do shareholders of Tanzanian Royalty Exploration own?
Based on aggregate information from My MarketBeat watchlists, some companies that other Tanzanian Royalty Exploration investors own include Tanzanian Royalty Exploration (TRX), Micron Technology (MU), NVIDIA (NVDA), QUALCOMM (QCOM), Hyatt Hotels (H), Innovative Industrial Properties (IIPR), Weight Watchers International (WTW), Lendlease Group (LLC), Velocity Data (VCT) and Total (FP).
Who are Tanzanian Royalty Exploration's key executives?
Mr. Peter T. Zizhou, Gen. Mang. of Exploration & Admin.
How do I buy shares of Tanzanian Royalty Exploration?
Shares of TNX and other Canadian stocks can be purchased through online brokerage accounts that support trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). Brokers that permit trading on the TSX include Fidelity, Interactive Brokers, PennTrade and Charles Schwab.
What is Tanzanian Royalty Exploration's stock price today?
One share of TNX stock can currently be purchased for approximately C$1.14.
How big of a company is Tanzanian Royalty Exploration?
Tanzanian Royalty Exploration has a market capitalization of C$155.00 million.
What is Tanzanian Royalty Exploration's official website?
The official website for Tanzanian Royalty Exploration is http://www.tanzanianroyalty.com/.
How can I contact Tanzanian Royalty Exploration?
Tanzanian Royalty Exploration's mailing address is 82 Richmond St E Suite 200, TORONTO, ON M5C 1P1, Canada. The company can be reached via phone at +1-416-8487744.
MarketBeat's community ratings are surveys of what our community members think about Tanzanian Royalty Exploration and other stocks. Vote "Outperform" if you believe TNX will outperform the S&P 500 over the long term. Vote "Underperform" if you believe TNX will underperform the S&P 500 over the long term. You may vote once every thirty days.


Andy Burham, the mayor of Greater Manchester has put his weight behind workers at TGI Fridays striking for the fourth Friday in a row today (8 June)(third Friday for workers from the Trafford Centre) in their dispute over tips and alleged minimum wage abuses.
In a message of support the mayor of Greater Manchester Andy Burnham said: "It is totally wrong that low-paid workers at TGI Fridays are having their tips taken without consent to top up the wages of other staff.
"Here in Greater Manchester we are working with good businesses and unions to develop a GM Employer Charter intended to stop this kind of exploitation.
Workers at TGI Fridays, members of Unite, Britain's biggest union, from the Trafford centre branch will mark their third Friday of strikes in a row with protests and leafleting sessions in Manchester city centre.
Labour MPs Kate Green and Lucy Powell as well as the leader of Manchester City Council, Sir Richard Leese are planning to join the strikers at their lunchtime protest today (8 June), circumstances permitting.
Unite is urging the public to get behind the strikers and come along and show their support today.
Anthony Curley, Unite services coordinator said: "Our members from the Trafford Centre are now staging their third Friday of strikes in a row. They are more determined than ever to keep up the fight until the company agrees to get around the table and start talking.


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