text:
/**
Testcase Scenarios :
Functional-
1) Create a graph, add Memcpy node to graph, update the Memcpy node params with set and make sure they are taking effect.
Negative-
1) Pass pGraphNode as nullptr and check if api returns error.
2) Pass destination ptr is nullptr, api expected to return error code.
3) Pass source ptr is nullptr, api expected to return error code.
4) Pass count as zero, api expected to return error code.
5) Pass same pointer as source ptr and destination ptr, api expected to return error code.
6) Pass overlap memory as source ptr and destination ptr where source ptr is ahead of destination ptr, api expected to return error code.
7) Pass overlap memory as source ptr and destination ptr where destination ptr is ahead of source ptr, api expected to return error code.
8) If count is more than allocated size for source and destination ptr, api should return error code.
9) If count is less than allocated size for source and destination ptr, api should return error code.
*/

#include <hip_test_common.hh>
#include <hip_test_checkers.hh>
#include <hip_test_kernels.hh>

/* Test verifies hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D API Negative scenarios.
 */
TEST_CASE("Unit_hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D_Negative") {
  constexpr size_t N = 1024;
  constexpr size_t Nbytes = N * sizeof(int);
  int *A_d, *A_h;
  hipGraphNode_t memcpyNode{};
  hipError_t ret;

  HIP_CHECK(hipMalloc(&A_d, Nbytes));
  HIP_CHECK(hipMalloc(&A_h, Nbytes));

  hipGraph_t graph;
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphCreate(&graph, 0));
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphAddMemcpyNode1D(&memcpyNode, graph, nullptr, 0, A_d, A_h,
                                    Nbytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));

  SECTION("Pass pGraphNode as nullptr") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(nullptr, A_d, A_h, Nbytes,
                                        hipMemcpyHostToDevice);
    REQUIRE(hipErrorInvalidValue == ret);
  }
  SECTION("Pass destination ptr is nullptr") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyNode, nullptr, A_h, Nbytes,
                                        hipMemcpyHostToDevice);
    REQUIRE(hipErrorInvalidValue == ret);
  }
  SECTION("Pass source ptr is nullptr") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyNode, A_d, nullptr, Nbytes,
                                        hipMemcpyHostToDevice);
    REQUIRE(hipErrorInvalidValue == ret);
  }
  SECTION("Pass count as zero") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyNode, A_d, A_h, 0,
                                        hipMemcpyHostToDevice);
    REQUIRE(hipErrorInvalidValue == ret);
  }
#if HT_AMD
  SECTION("Pass same pointer as source ptr and destination ptr") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyNode, A_d, A_d, Nbytes,
                                        hipMemcpyHostToDevice);
    REQUIRE(hipErrorInvalidValue == ret);
  }
  SECTION("Pass overlap memory where destination ptr is ahead of source ptr") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyNode, A_d, A_d-5, Nbytes,
                                        hipMemcpyHostToDevice);
    REQUIRE(hipSuccess == ret);
  }
#endif
  SECTION("Pass overlap memory where source ptr is ahead of destination ptr") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyNode, A_d+5, A_d, Nbytes-5,
                                        hipMemcpyHostToDevice);
    REQUIRE(hipErrorInvalidValue == ret);
  }
  SECTION("Copy more than allocated memory") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyNode, A_d, A_h, Nbytes+8,
                                        hipMemcpyHostToDevice);
    REQUIRE(hipErrorInvalidValue == ret);
  }
  SECTION("Copy less than allocated memory") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyNode, A_d, A_h, Nbytes-8,
                                        hipMemcpyHostToDevice);
    REQUIRE(hipSuccess == ret);
  }
  SECTION("Change the kind from H2D to D2H") {
    ret = hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyNode, A_d, A_h, Nbytes,
                                        hipMemcpyDeviceToHost);
    REQUIRE(hipSuccess == ret);
  }

  HIP_CHECK(hipFree(A_d));
  HIP_CHECK(hipFree(A_h));
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphDestroy(graph));
}

/* Test verifies hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D API Functional scenarios.
 */
TEST_CASE("Unit_hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D_Functional") {
  constexpr size_t N = 1024;
  constexpr size_t Nbytes = N * sizeof(int);
  constexpr auto blocksPerCU = 6;  // to hide latency
  constexpr auto threadsPerBlock = 256;
  int *A_d, *B_d, *C_d;
  int *A_h, *B_h, *C_h;
  size_t NElem{N};

  int *hData = reinterpret_cast<int*>(malloc(Nbytes));
  REQUIRE(hData != nullptr);
  memset(hData, 0, Nbytes);

  hipGraphNode_t memcpyH2D_A, memcpyH2D_B, memcpyD2H_C;
  hipGraphNode_t kernel_vecAdd;
  hipKernelNodeParams kernelNodeParams{};
  hipGraph_t graph;
  hipGraphExec_t graphExec;
  hipStream_t streamForGraph;

  HIP_CHECK(hipStreamCreate(&streamForGraph));

  HipTest::initArrays(&A_d, &B_d, &C_d, &A_h, &B_h, &C_h, N, false);
  unsigned blocks = HipTest::setNumBlocks(blocksPerCU, threadsPerBlock, N);

  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphCreate(&graph, 0));

  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphAddMemcpyNode1D(&memcpyH2D_A, graph, nullptr, 0, A_d, A_h,
                                    Nbytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));

  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphAddMemcpyNode1D(&memcpyH2D_B, graph, nullptr, 0, B_d, B_h,
                                    Nbytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));

  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphAddMemcpyNode1D(&memcpyD2H_C, graph, nullptr, 0, C_h, C_d,
                                    Nbytes, hipMemcpyDeviceToHost));

  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphMemcpyNodeSetParams1D(memcpyD2H_C, hData, C_d, Nbytes,
                                          hipMemcpyDeviceToHost));

  void* kernelArgs2[] = {&A_d, &B_d, &C_d, reinterpret_cast<void *>(&NElem)};
  kernelNodeParams.func = reinterpret_cast<void *>(HipTest::vectorADD<int>);
  kernelNodeParams.gridDim = dim3(blocks);
  kernelNodeParams.blockDim = dim3(threadsPerBlock);
  kernelNodeParams.sharedMemBytes = 0;
  kernelNodeParams.kernelParams = reinterpret_cast<void**>(kernelArgs2);
  kernelNodeParams.extra = nullptr;
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphAddKernelNode(&kernel_vecAdd, graph, nullptr, 0,
                                                        &kernelNodeParams));

  // Create dependencies
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphAddDependencies(graph, &memcpyH2D_A, &kernel_vecAdd, 1));
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphAddDependencies(graph, &memcpyH2D_B, &kernel_vecAdd, 1));
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphAddDependencies(graph, &kernel_vecAdd, &memcpyD2H_C, 1));

  // Instantiate and launch the graph
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphInstantiate(&graphExec, graph, nullptr, nullptr, 0));
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphLaunch(graphExec, streamForGraph));
  HIP_CHECK(hipStreamSynchronize(streamForGraph));

  // Verify graph execution result
  HipTest::checkVectorADD(A_h, B_h, hData, N);

  HipTest::freeArrays(A_d, B_d, C_d, A_h, B_h, C_h, false);
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphExecDestroy(graphExec));
  HIP_CHECK(hipStreamDestroy(streamForGraph));
  HIP_CHECK(hipGraphDestroy(graph));
  free(hData);
}


text:
Q: How to move the search bar to the center of the screen? This might be a stupid question, but I'm new. I think the problem is in the 'position' property. Already tried everything, the search box jumps from side to side. Maybe a bug in html

.header{
    position: relative;
    min-height: 900px;
    background-size: cover;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: center;
    background-attachment: fixed;

}

.header::before{
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, #000000 1.38%, rgba(105, 0, 70, 0.38) 20.04%, #000000 100.0%);
}

/* .header_content{
    position: relative;
} */

.search{
    position:relative;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.search_bar{
    font-family: 'Poppins';
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 17px;
    color: antiquewhite;
    line-height: 120%;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    border: 2px solid white;
    background-color:rgba(58, 58, 58, 0.38);
    width: 100%;

}
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Tall Lorenc</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css">

                                <input type="text" class="search_bar" placeholder="Which type of track are you looking for?">

A: Try this
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Tall Lorenc</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css">

                                <input type="text" class="search_bar" placeholder="Which type of track are you looking for?">

CSS
.header{
    position: relative;
    min-height: 900px;
    background-size: cover;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: center;
    background-attachment: fixed;
}

.header::before{
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, #000000 1.38%, rgba(105, 0, 70, 0.38) 20.04%, #000000 100.0%);
}

/* .header_content{
    position: relative;
} */

.search{
    position: relative;
  margin: auto;
  width:700px;
}

.search-wrapper{
  width:100%
}

.search_bar{
    font-family: 'Poppins';
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 17px;
    color: antiquewhite;
    line-height: 120%;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    border: 2px solid white;
    background-color:rgba(58, 58, 58, 0.38);
    width: 100%;
}

A: I changed my answer, this should work!
I just commented out the div style="width: 700px;" lines
Having div within div can get very complex as the child div will always inherit the styling of the parent div. Check your divs and see if you truly need all of those nested into one another.
I also changed the width of the search bar to 90% instead of 100% so you can see it actually centered.

.header{
    position: relative;
    min-height: 900px;
    background-size: cover;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: center;
    background-attachment: fixed;

}

.header::before{
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, #000000 1.38%, rgba(105, 0, 70, 0.38) 20.04%, #000000 100.0%);
}

/* .header_content{
    position: relative;
} */

.search{
    position:relative;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align:center;
}

.search_bar{
    font-family: 'Poppins';
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 17px;
    color: antiquewhite;
    line-height: 120%;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    border: 2px solid white;
    background-color:rgba(58, 58, 58, 0.38);
    width: 90%;

}
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Tall Lorenc</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css">

                                <input type="text" class="search_bar" placeholder="Which type of track are you looking for?">

A: I think you need to learn more HTML and CSS, so that you can understand what's really going on.
Now, with your current set up, the simplest thing you can do is this:
.header_content {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}

I tried this out, and maybe I don't have all of your CSS, but I couldn't figure out why it was pushed slightly to the right. Either way, if this .header_content container correctly fits its parent, then you should be good to go, because the children of .header_content centered correctly.
Since I don't understand your full setup, this may not be helpful to you, but I think you've overcomplicated your HTML. This is all you should need, from my understanding:

/* styles.css */

/* You may consider switching your rgba()'s to the modern syntax. No "a" in rgb, and no commas. Just a "/" to seperate the alpha value. I changed them in my example, as you can see. */

header {
  background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, #000000 1.38%, rgb(105 0 70 / 0.38) 20.04%, #000000 100.0%); /* I'm not sure if this was it's intended use, since you had it in a ::before element, but this looked more correct in my testing. */
  display: grid; /* You could also do display: flex, but I think this may be more accurate to your needs. */
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr 1fr; /* This will make sure your search bar (the second element in the grid), will always take up the majority of the space, while the sides remain even. */
  place-items: center; /* This ensures each grid item is placed in the center of it's section. */
}

/* This styling isn't necessary to complete your task */
.container {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  color: white;
  font-family: sans-serif;
}

/* This ensures our search container sizes properly. You may also consider the commented out width value instead. */
.search {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 325px; /* This ensures the search bar never cuts out the placeholder text. */
  /* width: 325px; */
}

.search_bar {
  font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 17px;
  color: antiquewhite;
  /* line-height: 120%; I don't think this is necessary. */
  padding: 15px 20px;
  border: 2px solid white;
  background-color: rgb(58 58 58 / 0.38);
  width: 100%;
}

    Content

    <input type="text" class="search_bar" placeholder="Which type of track are you looking for?">

You'll notice in this example, that the search bar is technically a few pixels to the right, since we don't have any content on the right of it. If we were to remove the .container div with the Content text, it would work best with a display: flex; justify-content: center; instead of display: grid;. I'm just not sure what you full use case is.
Now let's say you want to guarantee it's always 100% center, no matter what kind of content you have around it... (I wouldn't recommend this in most cases, but perhaps it will help in your use case) With my HTML, just change the CSS to this:

/* styles.css */

/* This line below I do in every project, because it makes the sizing and positioning as I expect it to be, rather than chosen by the browser which is different depending on the element. */

*,
html,
body {
  position: relative;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

header {
  background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, #000000 1.38%, rgb(105 0 70 / 0.38) 20.04%, #000000 100.0%);
  padding: 1rem;
  display: flex;
}

/* This styling isn't necessary to complete your task */

.container {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  color: white;
  font-family: sans-serif;
}

.search {
  width: 370px;
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  /* If you also want it vertically aligned to the center, uncomment the below lines and remove the above transform */
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);
}

.search_bar {
  font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 17px;
  color: antiquewhite;
  padding: 15px 20px;
  border: 2px solid white;
  background-color: rgb(58 58 58 / 0.38);
  width: 100%;
}

    Content

    <input type="text" class="search_bar" placeholder="Which type of track are you looking for?">

Once again, I think that these kinds of things just require more HTML and CSS knowledge. I'm sure you'll grow to understand this stuff in time. I hope this helps.

A: a better way of doing this is using flex

html, body{
margin:0;
padding:0;
}

.container{
display:flex;
height:100vh;
background-color:lightgreen;
justify-content:center;
align-items:center;

}

    <input type='text'>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


New Year, Make It About You – You Deserve It!
PHEW! Another festive season will soon be over and with the non-stop rushing around for the past four weeks, shopping, gift wrapping, partying, cooking and shall we say, more than likely over-indulging (don't worry we have too!), it's time to put some TLC back into poor old neglected YOU and that means a brand new hair do!
It goes without saying that we often spend less time looking after ourselves during the run-up to, and throughout the busy Christmas festivities, so hair is either left to its own 'care-free' devices, brushed with the odd comb once or twice, or scraped back in a hairband, bun or pony tail - only to be shampooed, conditioned and let loose on Christmas Day if you're lucky! As well as getting nil points on the hair care front, who on earth has time to cleanse, tone and moisturise while baking mince pies and basting a turkey?! First things first: time to make a date with you and your hair at Bei we say!
Are you fed up of having the same colour, cut and blow dry EVERY time you get your hair done? Well, hot new styles, ideas and hair trends for 2017 are already here for you to sample and enjoy. Let's find out more shall we!
Why not try adding hair clips, brightly coloured bands or sparkling jewellery to your winter blues barnet and really shine some light on those cold, dark months ahead.
We all need a lift in January, February and March don't we, it's great for the hair, body and soul, so how about some warm, honey or gold highlights to give a little extra glow.
Grey I hear you say. Yes, it's all the rage at the moment, and it can really transform the way you look. We simply love it and think it's here to stay in 2017!
A sharp, clean, parting can work wonders for shaping around the face and proves you've got some sass and chicness about you girlfriend! Play with your hair a little and find out the new year style that's right for you!
Showing off the natural colour of your grown out roots can completely transcend your appearance - why not try it and see!
Be playful with a head of loose curls or as slinky as a minx if you prefer - your hair, you choose!
Choosing the perfect hair product to strengthen, shine and ensure your hair looks and feels fabulous, is vital for the new improved you! Racoon, Wella, Paul Mitchell - you name it we use it and so can you!
Whatever your hair ambition for the new year, make yourself an appointment with Bei Capelli quick and you'll soon be back to your radiant 'post-Christmas' self - PROMISE.


text:
About RACE
Delivering Robotics
The Challenge of Nuclear
Beyond Nuclear
Asset Integrity Management
Enabling Growth
ESS Active Cells Facility
LongOps
Robotics and Autonomous Systems (RAS)
CASS-DV
Vote3Deep
Connected Autonomous Vehicle Testbed
UGV and UAV Test Lanes
New robotics hub shows way for challenge solving
New robotics hub shows way for challenge solving https://race.ukaea.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/RAICo_1.jpg 960 640 Iain Iain https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/06a0e7766b7ec04d93a42a90956fed8e?s=96&d=mm&r=g April 5, 2022 April 5, 2022
The RAICo1 facility in Whitehaven will be the first in a series of robotics and artificial intelligence collaboration hubs across the UK. This national scale was highlighted this week when the facility linked up with colleagues hundreds of miles away in Bristol to stage a "virtual handover". RAICo1 is not yet fully finished, but it is already home to important work that will benefit the Sellafield site.
Using robots to work remotely is a fundamental part of our future. Last week a delegation from Japanese company TEPCO visited to see the work being done at RAICo1 in this area. Tuesday was a further opportunity to show some of the opportunities robots can bring. The facility is on a headland above Whitehaven harbour. It will be a collaboration hub, the work there developing technology to decommission and make safe nuclear sites like Sellafield.
Sellafield's Chief Operating Officer Rebecca Weston said:
"We know we can deliver the UK's nuclear decommissioning challenge safer, faster and at less cost by using robotics and AI. RAICo1 is a real step towards achieving that. It brings together the owners of the challenges with the people who have the ideas and technology that can solve them."
The facility has already had some success in speeding up projects through off-site collaboration. It offers the ability to test tech in environments that mirror those on the site, such as gloveboxes and water tanks. But its effect will be felt far beyond the Sellafield fence.
Head of robotics and innovation at Sellafield Rav Chunilal added:
"A big factor is where RAICo1 is situated, in Whitehaven itself, at the heart of our community. We see it bringing in skilled people, but we also see it as being fundamental to developing skills in the area too. The work that done at RAICo1 won't be just for Sellafield but will benefit the whole region."
RAICo1 is a joint initiative developed by Sellafield Ltd, the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority, UK Atomic Energy Authority and Manchester University.
Rob Buckingham, Director of RACE, UKAEA's robotics facility, said:
"UKAEA and NDA need remotely operated tools that are efficient, reliable, cost-effective and re-usable. The next generation of robotics and smart machines will deliver our mission faster, cheaper and at lower risk. Learning together, in collaboration to avoid duplication, has to be the best way."
The UK Atomic Energy Authority carries out fusion research in the UK on behalf of the government and manages the JET fusion project on behalf of the EU.
UKAEA is an executive non-departmental public body, sponsored by the
Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy.
Copyright UKAEA | All Right Reserved by UK Atomic Energy Authority
Culham Science Centre
OX14 3DB
Preconference Workshop – Control, Estimation and Modelling Practice for Robotic Applications in Challenging Environments
International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
RACE lends a hand to Sellafield robotic dog trials

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home Event Coverage Eventing For the joy of horses
For the joy of horses
At age 77, New Zealand's Joy Oliver is the oldest event rider in the world to still be competing at 95cm level
Rowan Dixon
Joy and Cool Jazz competing at Hunua (Image: Libby Law)
There's a familiar sight on cross-country day at horse trials around the northern circuit in New Zealand. Wearing her trademark black-and-white stripes, a rider almost guaranteed to come home clear, bang under time, with a huge smile on her face, and a big pat for her lovely grey thoroughbred.
It's not until she takes her helmet off that you might notice there's something a little different about Joy Oliver. At 77 years old, she is officially the oldest rider in the world to still be eventing at 95cm level. And as anyone who knows Joy knows for sure – she's not just there to make up the numbers. She's still fiercely competitive; she and 19-year-old Cool Jazz are frequently in the top five or six in their class.
Joy and Grady at home in Tauranga (image: Ross Brown)
Dressage is not really their forte, but in good, old-fashioned Kiwi eventing style, Joy and her beloved 'Grady' only very rarely have a jumping or cross-country penalty.
The pair of them are treasured by the eventing community, and Joy says the sense of family and camaraderie in the sport that is one of the reasons she keeps coming back.
"I love the fact that I can compete on equal terms with people young enough to be my grandchildren… or even great-grandchildren," she says. "But it's the social side I really love. I've met people from all sorts of occupations that I would never have met if it wasn't for horses.
"I love how we all sit around in the trucks in the evenings together, drinking wine and telling stories, and if something does happen, we all rally around and help each other."
Sharing a moment with Grady at Te Rapa (Image: www.takethemoment.co.nz)
Though Joy competed to Intermediate in the past, and had some 1.05m level runs with Grady a few seasons ago, she is very happy now at 95cm.
"I don't feel I have to win, but I do like to do reasonably well," she says. "I've got no desire to go higher again; it's just as big a buzz to go around clear as it ever was.
"I'm enjoying it: I've done five three-day events, I've got as far as Intermediate, and now it's just pure pleasure. Besides, I've still got 80cm and 65cm level to look forward to!"
The ever-modest Joy says she's not really aware of her icon status among her fellow riders. "But if I can inspire people to keep going or to take it up again, I'd be very happy."
Joy and Grady doing what they do best (Image: Kampic)
It hasn't all been plain sailing though; Joy has had two major health problems in recent years, overcoming bowel cancer in 2016 and then a heart valve replacement, which left her unable to compete for 17 months.
But horses, of course, were part of the journey back to health. "They give me motivation," she says. "If you live on your own, they're a reason to get up in the morning and get on with it."
Joy takes care of her 10-acre block on the outskirts of Tauranga more or less single-handedly; as well as Grady and his retired paddock mate Hal, she has sheep, a few cattle and pigs.
A lifetime with horses
Joy was riding by the age of three on the family farm in the Wairarapa, where draught horses were used rather than tractors. She and her siblings rode more than 5km each way to school and back, and as floats or horse trucks were unheard of back then, Joy would ride along the roads to the local sports days to compete, and would even trek around 45km to Masterton to stay with her uncle in order to go to pony club rallies.
Riding to Sunday School on one of the farm hacks as a toddler (image supplied)
A young Joy on Fernhill Robin (image: supplied)
"It was safe back then," she says. "Everybody had a lot more animal sense."
The family farm was in rugged country, so simply doing the stock work kept the horses fit and no doubt contributed hugely to Joy's own balance and seat as a rider. "We had no flats – it was all hills. And we'd find logs and ditches and banks to jump, that was our cross-country training on the farm."
Joy started eventing in her mid teens, and competed at the Pony Club Teams Eventing Champs in 1956 and 1958; at the latter, her Wairarapa team was third while Joy was fourth individually in the DC class. "In those days, the faster you went on cross-country, the more bonus points you got," she recalls with a grin.
After leaving school, Joy took a break from horses; she joined the Air Force as a driver, became an officer, and shifted frequently, including working in Australia for more than a year. She felt she couldn't do justice to horses during this period of her life: "I don't see the point if you don't have the time to put into them."
But the love of riding never, ever went away. In 1985, Joy was living in Tauranga and her 65-year-old aunt invited her to join her on a trek to Gisborne.
"We had a horse each, and a pack horse, and rode 20km a day, staying in woolsheds at night. It took us six weeks to get to Gisborne and back."
And that was it, Joy was hooked again. Her first horse as a returning adult rider in her 40s was a half-TB, half-pony named Charlie Brown. She joined the local adult ride and did a bit of hunting, all in a stock saddle, "and then I really started to get back into it."
She teamed up with her first real eventer, Lawson, when he was rising eight. "He wasn't pretty, but he was the sort of horse that had presence. He made you look again," she says.
They started horse trialling together, and at each level, when it started to feel easy, they'd move up to the next grade. Joy did her first three-day event at Pukekohe at the age of 50, she and Lawson finishing in 20th place in the Novice class.
Joy and Lawson into the water at the Pukekohe Three-day Event (image: supplied)
Lawson ended up graded Intermediate on points, under the old system, and they had a few starts at that level, but when he began to struggle with a bog spavin (hock inflammation) they moved back to the Open Novice classes.
"He was 20 when I finally retired him – his vision was going a bit," says Joy. But the much-loved Lawson had pride of place on her property until his death six years ago, aged 29.
Joy's next horse was a TB called Just Beau: "He was quite good but only jumped when he wanted to" and after that she had Jock. "I fell off him and broke both my arms. He wasn't that suitable really, but it didn't put me off!"
A small committee of friends then helped Joy choose her next horse, Hal, who was half thoroughbred and out of a pony mare, and the pair formed a great partnership. "I'd only just bought him when we decided to go the 50th jubilee of the pony club eventing champs, in Palmerston North, so he had to learn to be an eventer in about three months."
Champs that year included a Masters division: "We had a ball riding in our team of geriatrics!"
But eventually Hal became unsound, so it was time to look for another horse: enter Grady.
The 15.3hh TB by Flying Pegasus was then rising 10, and although a former racehorse might not be the first choice of mount for a rider nearly 70, he and Joy clicked immediately. They have now clocked up more than 50 events together, finishing in the top 10 in 35 of them.
"There's only been five I haven't finished – twice from falling off, one from a missed jump, one from jumping the wrong jump, and just once I withdrew because it was so wet."
Age is but a number
We contacted the National Federations of the major eventing nations to ask the age of the oldest current registered rider, and what level they were competing at:
Australia: Vivien Fuller of South Australia turns 70 this year, and competes at 95cm level.
Great Britain: The oldest rider is 69, competing at 90cm level
USA: The oldest rider is a man aged 77, competing at 90cm level
This article was first published in the May 2018 issue of NZ Horse & Pony. June-July 2019 is out now everywhere great magazines are sold
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text:
Megan: Across the world
Hull Admin
Networking and how to build your network
Augusta University Health
Amanda: Volunteering with AHIMA
College of Allied Health Sciences
John: Taking advantage of the full college experience
Jomari: Empowering his future
Dental College of Georgia
Jah'Asia: Embracing the future
From Hampton, GA, Jah'Asia Williams has the goal of becoming a nurse. She credits her experience at AU for her growing self-confidence and ability to embrace the future. The support that the Academic Success...
Janice: Helping people through technology
School of Computer and Cyber Sciences
Michaela: Making connections
From Ludowici, GA, Michaela Martinez has taken full advantage of the connections and opportunities provided by AU. During her tenure at AU, she has volunteered with the Office of Advancement and been able to work with...
Michael: Opportunity for growth
The College of Science and Mathematics
Edna: Seeing the world in a different way
From Las Vegas, NV, Edna Martinez is a military veteran who came to AU with the goal of becoming a Medical Illustrator. She has had great success with the faculty and staff working with her to grow as both an artist and...
The Katherine Reese Pamplin College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences
Kehinde: The physician assistant journey
Shubhra: Discovering hope, one step at a time
Shubhra Rajpurohit, a senior in cell and molecular biology, knows that there's more than one way to make her mark on the world around her and improve other people's lives. From her extracurricular passions in cultural...
Justin: Pushing the boundaries
Paige: Continuing the journey
Paige Elliott is at the stage in her journey that most undergraduate students dream of: she's finally graduated. But, Paige didn't let her journey stop there. She'd never had that intention. She started her undergrad as...
Amoolya: The future's always calling
David: Always looking forward
2 peas in a pod: 5 tips for living with a roommate
Breakfast, lunch and dinner: Healthy recipes for hungry and busy college students


text:
import pickle
import json

from pathlib import Path
from multiprocessing import Pool

MAX_NB_ITERATORS = 4

nb_threads = 48
chunksize = 100

# Path to the programs folder
progs_path = Path("programs")

# Path where to store the list of filtered programs
# Each element of the list has the format (func_id, sched_id)
dst_path = Path("progs_list.pickle")

# Process a program folder containing schedules
def process_programs(func_path):
    output = []

    func_id = func_path.name
    with open(str(func_path / (func_id + ".json"))) as f:
        prog_desc = json.load(f)

    # A dictionary containing the pairs iterator_id : iterator_extent
    iterators = dict()

    # Get information about loop iterators
    for i, loop_it in enumerate(prog_desc["loops"]["loops_array"]):
        for it in prog_desc["iterators"]["iterators_array"]:
            if loop_it["loop_it"] == it["it_id"]:
                iterators[it["it_id"]] = it["upper_bound"] - it["lower_bound"]

    # If true, do not apply respectively interchange, tiling to every schedule
    no_interchange = True
    no_tiling = True

    for comp in prog_desc["computations"]["computations_array"]:
        if not no_interchange and not no_tiling:
            break

        # If this computation is a reduction, we try to apply tiling
        if "reduction_axes" in comp.keys() and len(comp["reduction_axes"]) != 0:
            no_tiling = False

        accesses = comp["rhs_accesses"]["accesses"]

        # Check if it can be useful to apply interchange
        if no_interchange:
            for el in accesses:
                access = el["access"]

                # Check the number of access iterators in each dimension
                # If it's more than one, we try interchange
                for i, line in enumerate(access):
                    if line[:-1].count(1) > 1:
                        no_interchange = False
                        break

                if not no_interchange:
                    break

                # Check the order of access iterators
                cur = 0
                for line in access:
                    i = line[:-1].index(1)
                    if i < cur:
                        no_interchange = False
                        break

                    cur = i

                if not no_interchange:
                    break

        # Check if it can be useful to apply tiling
        if no_tiling:
            # Check if every buffer is used at most once
            buf_set = set()
            for el in accesses:
                if el["comp_id"] in buf_set:
                    no_tiling = False
                    break

                buf_set.add(el["comp_id"])

            if no_tiling:
                # Check the access matrices
                for el in accesses:
                    acc_matrix = el["access"]

                    # The number of iterators is less than the number of dimensions of the buffer
                    # Thus, this can't be an element-wise operation
                    if len(acc_matrix) < len(iterators):
                        no_tiling = False
                        break

                    # Check if every dimension contains only one iterator
                    # If a dimension is accessed with two iterators (for example i + j),
                    # this can't be an element-wise operation.
                    for line in acc_matrix:
                        if sum(line[:-1]) > 1:
                            no_tiling = False
                            break

                    if not no_tiling:
                        break

                    # Check if there's not an iterator that is used in two dimensions or more.
                    # If an iterator is used in multiple dimensions, it might be useful to try tiling.
                    for i in range(len(acc_matrix[0])):
                        sum_var = 0
                        for j in range(len(acc_matrix)):
                            sum_var = sum_var + acc_matrix[j][i]

                        if sum_var > 1:
                            no_tiling = False
                            break

                    if not no_tiling:
                        break

    # Process schedules
    for sched_path in func_path.iterdir():
        if not sched_path.is_dir():
            continue

        sched_id = sched_path.name
        with open(str(sched_path / (sched_id + ".json"))) as f:
            sched_desc = json.load(f)

        # Discard this schedule if it applies interchange and we don't want it.
        if len(sched_desc["interchange_dims"]) != 0 and no_interchange:
            continue

        if sched_desc["tiling"] != None:
            # Discard this schedule if it applies tiling and we don't want it.
            if no_tiling:
                continue

            # Check the tiling factors (must be at least half of the iterators extent)
            tiling_facts_big = False

            tdims = sched_desc["tiling"]["tiling_dims"]
            tfacts = sched_desc["tiling"]["tiling_factors"]

            for i in range(len(tdims)):
                if iterators[tdims[i]] / tfacts[i] < 2.0:
                    tiling_facts_big = True
                    break

            if tiling_facts_big:
                continue

        output.append((func_id, sched_id))

    return output

if __name__ == "__main__":
    progs = list(progs_path.iterdir())
    with Pool(nb_threads) as p:
        map_ret = p.map(process_programs, progs, chunksize=chunksize)

    scheds_list = []

    # Flatten map_ret
    for i1 in map_ret:
        scheds_list.extend(i1)

    print(len(scheds_list))

    # Save the filtered programs list
    with open(dst_path, "wb") as f:
        pickle.dump(scheds_list, f)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
December 5, 2017 - GOP Tax Plan Benefits Rich, U.S. Voters Say Almost 3-1, Quinnipiac University National Poll Finds; Trump Job Approval Stuck At 35 Percent
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The Republican tax plan pending in the U.S. Congress benefits the wealthy the most, 64 percent of American voters say, while 24 percent say the tax plan benefits the middle class and 5 percent say it benefits low-income people, according to a Quinnipiac University national poll released today.
American voters disapprove of the tax plan 53 - 29 percent, the independent Quinnipiac (KWIN-uh-pe-ack) University Poll finds. Republicans approve of the plan 67 - 10 percent, the only party, gender, education, age or racial group listed to approve. White men are divided as 40 percent approve and 42 percent disapprove.
In a separate question, voters say 61 - 34 percent that the tax plan favors the rich at the expense of the middle class.
The plan will increase their taxes, 41 percent of voters say, while 20 percent say the plan will reduce their taxes and 32 percent say the plan will not have much impact on their taxes.
In the wake of the Republican tax plan, American voters say 47 - 39 percent that the Democratic Party can do a better job handling taxes. Voters have been divided on this question in the past.
American voters give President Donald Trump a negative 35 - 58 percent job approval rating, compared to 38 - 55 percent in a November 21 Quinnipiac University poll.
Voters say 56 - 40 percent that Trump is not fit to be president, tying his all-time low score.
"Deeply unpopular and manifestly unfit for the job. That's the harsh assessment of President Donald Trump, whose tax plan is considered built for the rich at the expense of the rest," said Tim Malloy, assistant director of the Quinnipiac University Poll.
Health care is the most important problem facing the country today, 18 percent of voters say, as 17 percent list the economy. Another 13 percent of voters list foreign policy, while 11 percent cite terrorism and 10 percent list race relations.
Voters say 55 - 32 percent that the Democratic Party can do a better job on health care. Voters are closely divided on who does a better job on the economy, as 45 percent say the Democratic Party and 43 percent say the Republican Party. Democrats are ahead on other issues:
*	56 - 34 percent that Democrats can do a better job "fighting for the working class;"
*	51 - 37 percent that Democrats can do a better job "representing your values."
American voters say 50 - 36 percent, including 44 - 36 percent among independent voters that they would like the Democrats to win control of the U.S. House of Representatives in 2018. Voters also say 51 - 37 percent, including 45 - 38 percent among independent voters, that they would like Democrats to win control of the U.S. Senate in 2018.
President Trump and the Media
Voters are closely divided on how the media treats President Trump: 47 percent of voters say "fairly," and 48 percent say "unfairly."
There is no division as voters say 63 - 33 percent that Trump treats the media "unfairly."
That Russian Thing
American voters believe 59 - 32 percent that the Russian government interfered in the 2016 presidential election. Republicans don't believe this 65 - 26 percent, the only listed group which does not believe it.
Voters believe 50 - 40 percent that people in the Trump campaign coordinated with the Russian government to interfere in the campaign.
"The Russians interfered in the 2016 election and Trump operatives worked with them, say many suspicious voters," Malloy said.
From November 29 - December 4, Quinnipiac University surveyed 1,508 voters nationwide with a margin of error of +/- 3.1 percentage points, including the design effect. Live interviewers call landlines and cell phones.
Approve smwht        10     17      3     12     13      7     10     13
Disapprove strongly  52      6     88     49     40     62     54     37
Approve smwht         9     11     12      7     15      9     12      3      8
Disapprove smwht      8      8      4      5      7      6      6      1      8
DK/NA                 8      9      6      6      7      5      6      8     10
APPROVE......   DISAPPROVE.....
Dec 05, 2017         25      10       6      52       7
2. Do you approve or disapprove of the way Congress is handling its job?
Approve              12%    20%     9%    12%    14%    11%     9%    15%
Approve              11%    13%    15%     8%    12%    13%    13%    12%     9%
DK/NA                15      6      4      6      6      7      7      9     11
TREND: Do you approve or disapprove of the way Congress is handling its job?
Jan 10, 2017         12      79       9
3. Is your opinion of the Democratic Party favorable, unfavorable or haven't you heard enough about it?
Favorable            36%     6%    75%    23%    28%    44%    41%    28%
Unfavorable          47     83     13     55     57     38     49     58
Hvn't hrd enough     12      9      9     17     10     15      7     11
REFUSED               4      1      3      6      5      4      4      3
Favorable            42%    35%    34%    38%    27%    40%    34%    54%    32%
Unfavorable          32     49     52     50     62     46     53     22     40
Hvn't hrd enough     19     12     10      9      6     12      9     20     23
REFUSED               6      4      3      4      5      2      4      4      5
TREND: Is your opinion of the Democratic Party favorable, unfavorable or haven't you heard enough about it?
Fav     Unfav   HvntHrd REF
Aug 24, 2017         33      52      11       4
Aug 17, 2017         35      54       8       3
Mar 07, 2017         38      53       6       3
Jan 26, 2017         40      51       6       3
Nov 28, 2016         35      56       6       3
4. Is your opinion of the Republican Party favorable, unfavorable or haven't you heard enough about it?
Favorable            24%    65%     5%    20%    28%    21%    26%    33%
Hvn't hrd enough     10      7      9     12      9     11      5      9
Favorable            15%    20%    33%    27%    32%    27%    30%    12%     9%
Hvn't hrd enough     18     10      8      5      5      9      7     13     24
TREND: Is your opinion of the Republican Party favorable, unfavorable or haven't you heard enough about it?
DK/NA                13      6      4     20     14     13     10     14
Republican Party     22%    32%    46%    41%    51%    39%    45%    11%    23%
DK/NA                15     12      8      9     11      9     10      8     16
7. Do you feel proud to have Donald Trump as president, embarrassed to have Donald Trump as president, or don't you feel either of these ways?
Proud                25%    64%     3%    23%    31%    20%    24%    36%
Embarrassed          52      9     86     53     40     63     57     40
Don't feel either    20     24     10     23     26     14     17     22
Proud                12%    22%    34%    28%    35%    26%    30%     9%    14%
Embarrassed          65     53     45     53     38     57     48     73     58
Don't feel either    23     20     20     16     26     15     20     16     27
TREND: Do you feel proud to have Donald Trump as President, embarrassed to have Donald Trump as President, or don't you feel either of these ways?
Embar-
Proud   rassed  Neither DK/NA
Sep 27, 2017         27      51      20       1
Apr 04, 2017         27      52      19       2
No                   56      9     91     56     47     65     58     41
9. What do you think is the most important problem facing the country today: the economy, health care, immigration, terrorism, the environment, foreign policy, gun policy, race relations, or sexual harassment?
Economy              17%    22%    12%    20%    19%    16%    18%    17%
Health care          18     12     24     17     18     18     21     17
Immigration           8     15      4      7      9      7      8     10
Terrorism            11     21      6      9     11     11      8     18
Environment           6      -     10      7      5      8      7      6
Foreign policy       13     14     13     13     16     11     17     13
Gun policy            6      2     10      5      4      7      5      3
Race relations       10      7     15     10      9     11      8      5
Sexual harassment     1      1      1      1      1      1      1      1
SOMETHING ELSE(VOL)   6      3      4      8      6      5      4      9
Economy              20%    21%    15%    16%    19%    15%    17%    16%    13%
Health care          13     23     19     16     19     19     19     18     12
Immigration           5      4      9     13      9      9      9      5      8
Terrorism             5     11     14     11     13     14     13      2      8
Environment          11      5      6      4      5      8      6      3      6
Foreign policy       13     13     13     14     17     13     15      6     12
Gun policy            6      5      5      6      3      5      4     13      8
Race relations       14     10      9      8      7      6      6     20     22
Sexual harassment     1      1      2      1      -      1      1      6      1
SOMETHING ELSE(VOL)   7      4      5      7      6      7      6      3      6
TREND: What do you think is the most important problem facing the country today: the economy, health care, immigration, terrorism, the environment, foreign policy, gun policy, race relations, or sexual harassment?
Health                                         Race    Sexual  SMTHNG
Econ   Care   Immgtn  Terrsm  Env     ForPol  GunPol  Relatns Harsmnt ELSE
DK/NA
Dec 05, 2017      17     18      8      11       6      13       6      10       1       6       4
Sep 28, 2017      14     26      8       8       7      13      na      15      na       4       3
Aug 24, 2017      15     22      6      12       7       9      na      19      na       7       2
10. Which political party do you think can do a better job of handling - the economy, the Democratic party or the Republican party?
Democratic party     45%     5%    85%    36%    36%    53%    45%    32%
Republican party     43     93     10     44     51     35     46     55
NO DIFF(VOL)          6      1      2     10      6      6      4      6
DK/NA                 6      2      3     10      6      6      5      7
Democratic party     50%    48%    41%    44%    31%    45%    38%    79%    48%
Republican party     33     39     51     43     58     45     51     13     34
NO DIFF(VOL)          8      6      3      7      5      5      5      4      6
TREND: Which political party do you think can do a better job of handling the economy, the Democratic party or the Republican party?
Dem     Rep
Party   Party   NO DIFF DK/NA
Dec 05, 2017         45      43       6       6
11. Which political party do you think can do a better job of handling - health care, the Democratic party or the Republican party?
Republican party     32     80      3     31     37     27     35     42
Republican party     16     28     41     36     43     36     39      7     22
TREND: Which political party do you think can do a better job of handling health care, the Democratic party or the Republican party?
12. Which political party do you think can do a better job of handling - taxes, the Democratic party or the Republican party?
TREND: Which political party do you think can do a better job of handling taxes, the Democratic party or the Republican party?
13. Which political party do you think can do a better job of - fighting for the working class, the Democratic party or the Republican party?
Democratic party     56%    11%    94%    51%    46%    64%    59%    43%
NO DIFF(VOL)          5      1      1      9      6      4      4      6
TREND: Which political party do you think can do a better job of fighting for the working class, the Democratic party or the Republican party?
14. Which political party do you think can do a better job of - representing your values, the Democratic party or the Republican party?
15. Do you believe that President Trump and the Republicans in Congress will be able to pass any significant legislation by the end of 2017, or not?
Yes/Pass legislation 46%    67%    30%    48%    53%    40%    54%    50%
Yes/Pass legislation 39%    40%    53%    51%    59%    46%    52%    26%    29%
TREND: Do you believe that President Trump and the Republicans in Congress will be able to pass any significant legislation by the end of 2017, or not?
16. As you may know, Congress must pass a new spending bill by December 8th in order to prevent a government shutdown, which then must be signed by President Trump. If a government shutdown does occur, who would you blame more: Republicans in Congress, Democrats in Congress, or President Trump?
DK/NA                12     11      4     16     15     10      9     14
Democrats            19     25     37     37     42     32     37     12     20
DK/NA                12     14     13     10     15      9     12      9     15
TREND: As you may know, Congress must pass a new spending bill by December 8th in order to prevent a government shutdown, which then must be signed by President Trump. If a government shutdown does occur, who would you blame more: Republicans in Congress, Democrats in Congress, or President Trump? (* by April 28th)
Apr 20, 2017 *       38      32      15      15
ANNUAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME..........  ECONOMIC CLASS.......
30-    50-    100-                        Upper
<30K   50K    100K   250K   >250K  Wrkng  Middle Middle+
Approve              17%    24%    35%    31%    34%    25%    32%    29%
DK/NA                24     20     15     13      7     23     16     12
Reduce taxes         20     34     11     21     23     17     23     21
DK/NA                 8      8      4      8      7      9      6     10
Reduce taxes         16     21     23     17     24     20     22     10     15
Low income            3%     6%     6%     3%     5%     5%     5%     3%     5%
Low income            3%     3%     4%     6%     4%     4%     5%     5%
Middle class         15     23     29     24     24     21     27     22
20. Do you believe that the Republican tax plan will lead to an increase in jobs and economic growth, or not?
Yes/Believe          40%    86%    11%    40%    49%    32%    42%    50%
Yes/Believe          31%    36%    47%    41%    54%    40%    46%    17%    34%
TREND: Do you believe that the Republican tax plan will lead to an increase in jobs and economic growth, or not?
21. Do you think the Republican tax plan favors the rich at the expense of the middle class, or not?
Yes/Favors the rich  61%    17%    95%    58%    51%    69%    61%    48%
Yes/Favors the rich  72%    65%    53%    59%    47%    60%    54%    83%    68%
TREND: Do you think the Republican tax plan favors the rich at the expense of the middle class, or not?
22. If you knew that the Republican tax plan would cause a significant increase in the national debt over the next 10 years, would that make you more likely to support it, less likely to support it, or would it not have an impact?
More likely           4%     5%     4%     2%     4%     4%     4%     3%
Less likely          58     40     76     57     55     62     64     53
No impact            33     50     18     36     37     29     29     38
More likely           3%     4%     3%     4%     3%     4%     4%     3%     5%
No impact            33     27     37     32     38     30     34     36     27
23. Do you think that the news media treats President Trump fairly or unfairly?
Fairly               47%     8%    80%    43%    40%    53%    49%    35%
Unfairly             48     90     14     53     56     42     48     61
Fairly               52%    48%    42%    50%    35%    47%    42%    72%    54%
Unfairly             42     47     56     45     62     48     55     24     40
24. Do you think that President Trump treats the news media fairly or unfairly?
Fairly               33%    67%     8%    32%    41%    25%    30%    44%
25. Since the 2016 election, are you more motivated to vote in local, state, and federal elections, less motivated to vote, or are you just as motivated to vote as you were before?
More motivated       27%    20%    34%    26%    29%    26%    29%    27%
Less motivated        6      1      6      7      4      7      2      3
Just as motivated    66     78     59     66     66     66     68     68
DK/NA                 1      1      1      1      1      1      -      1
More motivated       31%    28%    27%    21%    30%    27%    28%    30%    26%
Less motivated        6      7      5      4      3      3      3     13     14
Just as motivated    61     64     68     73     67     70     68     55     59
TREND: Since the 2016 election, are you more motivated to vote in local, state, and federal elections, less motivated to vote, or are you just as motivated to vote as you were before?
More    Less    Just as
motiv   motiv   motiv   DK/NA
Aug 24, 2017         33       3      63       -
May 11, 2017         33       3      64       1
26. Which comes closer to your point of view: most U.S. Senators and Congressmen are doing their best and deserve to be reelected, or most U.S. Senators and Congressmen aren't doing their jobs and should be voted out?
Reelected            15%    18%    16%    13%    14%    15%    15%    13%
Voted out            73     70     72     75     77     69     74     77
NEITHER(VOL)          4      4      4      4      3      5      3      4
DK/NA                 8      9      8      8      6     10      8      6
Reelected            18%    16%    15%    12%    14%    14%    14%    13%    18%
Voted out            69     74     74     75     79     72     75     72     67
NEITHER(VOL)          5      2      5      4      2      5      4      5      4
27. If more women held elected office, do you believe that the nation would be better off, worse off, or don't you think it would make a difference either way?
Better off           43%    16%    65%    42%    34%    50%    50%    35%
Worse off             4     11      1      4      5      3      3      6
No difference        50     70     32     52     57     44     43     56
Better off           48%    44%    39%    44%    33%    50%    42%    45%    43%
Worse off             3      2      5      6      5      4      5      2      5
No difference        48     51     53     46     58     44     50     48     48
28. Regardless of whether you believe it impacted the outcome of the election, do you think that the Russian government interfered with the 2016 presidential election, or not?
Yes/Interfered       59%    26%    85%    58%    52%    65%    63%    51%
Yes/Interfered       64%    60%    57%    60%    51%    63%    57%    73%    61%
TREND: Regardless of whether you believe it impacted the outcome of the election, do you think that the Russian government interfered with the 2016 presidential election, or not?
29. Do you believe that individuals in the Trump campaign coordinated with the Russian government to interfere in the 2016 presidential election, or not?
Yes/Coordinated      50%    10%    82%    47%    41%    58%    51%    41%
DK/NA                10      7      8     11      9     10      8     10
Yes/Coordinated      59%    49%    45%    51%    37%    54%    46%    77%    52%
DK/NA                11     11      6     10      8     10      9      7     10
TREND: Do you believe that individuals in the Trump campaign coordinated with the Russian government to interfere in the 2016 presidential election, or not?
May 24, 2017         43      44      13
Apr 20, 2017         45      45      10
30. Does it bother you when President Trump insults people, either on Twitter or in person, or does it not bother you?
Yes/Bothered         73%    44%    93%    74%    64%    82%    77%    66%
Yes/Bothered         82%    69%    71%    73%    63%    78%    71%    82%    76%
31. Do you believe that President Trump respects people of color just as much as he respects white people, or not?
Yes/Respects as much 20%    36%    47%    39%    51%    40%    45%    10%    25%
32. As president, do you think Donald Trump should continue tweeting from his personal Twitter account, or not?
Yes/Should           28%    45%    12%    32%    34%    23%    28%    35%
Yes/Should           22%    33%    30%    27%    36%    27%    31%    15%    23%
TREND: As president, do you think Donald Trump should continue tweeting from his personal Twitter account, or not?


text:
FootballNews
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Parsons Corp (NYSE:PSN) Sees Significant Decline in Short Interest
Posted by James Quigley on Jan 15th, 2020
Parsons Corp (NYSE:PSN) was the recipient of a large decline in short interest in December. As of December 31st, there was short interest totalling 605,500 shares, a decline of 18.3% from the December 15th total of 741,500 shares. Based on an average daily volume of 258,700 shares, the short-interest ratio is presently 2.3 days. Approximately 0.6% of the company's shares are short sold.
NYSE:PSN traded down $0.39 during mid-day trading on Tuesday, hitting $42.60. 96,726 shares of the company's stock were exchanged, compared to its average volume of 227,370. Parsons has a one year low of $29.03 and a one year high of $43.85. The business has a fifty day moving average price of $41.36 and a 200 day moving average price of $37.02.
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Parsons (NYSE:PSN) last posted its quarterly earnings data on Tuesday, November 12th. The company reported $0.57 EPS for the quarter, topping the consensus estimate of $0.42 by $0.15. Parsons had a net margin of 2.97% and a negative return on equity of 11.53%. The business had revenue of $1.02 billion for the quarter, compared to analyst estimates of $1.03 billion. During the same quarter in the previous year, the firm posted $0.82 earnings per share. Parsons's quarterly revenue was up 4.8% on a year-over-year basis. On average, equities research analysts expect that Parsons will post 1.61 earnings per share for the current fiscal year.
A number of large investors have recently bought and sold shares of PSN. Russell Investments Group Ltd. bought a new stake in Parsons during the second quarter worth about $2,527,000. Bank of Montreal Can bought a new stake in Parsons during the second quarter worth about $57,000. Charles Schwab Investment Management Inc. bought a new stake in Parsons during the second quarter worth about $4,071,000. Bank of New York Mellon Corp bought a new stake in Parsons during the second quarter worth about $2,729,000. Finally, Northern Trust Corp bought a new stake in Parsons during the second quarter worth about $3,449,000.
A number of brokerages have recently weighed in on PSN. SunTrust Banks lifted their target price on shares of Parsons to $44.00 and gave the company a "buy" rating in a research note on Wednesday, November 13th. Zacks Investment Research raised shares of Parsons from a "hold" rating to a "buy" rating and set a $44.00 target price on the stock in a research note on Tuesday, November 19th. ValuEngine lowered shares of Parsons from a "buy" rating to a "hold" rating in a research note on Tuesday, October 1st. Stifel Nicolaus began coverage on shares of Parsons in a research note on Tuesday, December 10th. They set a "hold" rating and a $44.00 target price on the stock. Finally, Wells Fargo & Co lowered shares of Parsons from an "equal weight" rating to an "underweight" rating and boosted their price objective for the stock from $39.00 to $42.00 in a research note on Thursday, January 9th. One analyst has rated the stock with a sell rating, four have assigned a hold rating and five have given a buy rating to the stock. Parsons presently has a consensus rating of "Hold" and an average price target of $41.38.
Parsons Company Profile
Parsons Corporation provides technology based solutions in the defense, intelligence, and critical infrastructure markets in North America, the Middle East, and internationally. It operates in two segments, Federal Solutions and Critical Infrastructure. The company offers cybersecurity software and engineering services, hardware prototyping, and other technical services to the U.S.
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1st video leak of the Xbox 3 Station Dev Kit testing out Gran Turismo 6 with Kinect 2 Virtual Reality. 4 GPUs & 4 GPUs inside of the Next Generation Console of the future Microsoft & Sony come together to bring us The Xbox 3 Station 4 a Xbox 720 & PlayStation 4 all in one with 240 FPS Motion Tracking & no more use for a controller or a TV because it puts you inside the game. this is 100% real & if it wasn't why is my video grainy? we all know that leaked videos & pictures of unreleased Consoles are always recorded with a cheap camera phone so that should let you know that the Dev Kit is real. excuse the screen tearing & unstable frame rate the game is early in development but GT6 should be out Christmas 2017.
In this patent 2 PlayStation Move controllers are used to track the direction of a Sharp Shooter like PlayStation Move Gun & also there is some images of what might be the PlayStation Vita or just a screen mounted on the Gun so you can see your target even when it's off the TV screen.
Abstract A method for providing directional input to a video game is provided. The method initiates with capturing an image of a first object and a second object, the first object and the second object being defined at a fixed distance from each other. A three-dimensional location of the first object is determined based on analysis of the captured image, and a two-dimensional location of the second object is determined based on analysis of the captured image. An input direction for a video game is determined based on the three-dimensional location of the first object and the two-dimensional location of the second object."
a Mod said he was reliable so only thing to do now is wait & see.
& with the New PlayStation Slim set to be unveiled next Month this has me thinking could Sony be planning to Sell the New PlayStation Slim with the Move Controller as the standard controls like Nintendo did 6 years ago when they updated the GameCube with new controls & new features as the Wii. or maybe this will just be the PlayStation Move for the PS4.
"Sony Computer Entertainment announced today that it has acquired the prominent interactive cloud-based gaming company, Gaikai, for approximately $380 million.
Through the acquisition, Sony Computer Entertainment will establish a new cloud service using Gaikai's technology, which allows for high-quality, fast interactive cloud-streaming of games onto a variety devices via an internet connection. Sony Computer Entertainment's President and Group CEO, Andrew House, said in a statement: "By combining Gaikai's resources including its technological strength and engineering talent with SCE's extensive game platform knowledge and experience, SCE will provide users with unparalleled cloud entertainment experiences.
The CEO of Gaikai, David Perry, said: "SCE has built an incredible brand with PlayStation and has earned the respect of countless millions of gamers worldwide. We're honored to be able to help SCE rapidly harness the power of the interactive cloud and to continue to grow their ecosystem, to empower developers with new capabilities, to dramatically improve the reach of exciting content and to bring breathtaking new experiences to users worldwide."
Established in 2008 and headquartered in Aliso Viejo, California, Gaikai, was rumored to be looking for a buyer last month, with Fortune reporting that it was looking for a buyer to spend in excess of $500 million. "


The majority of bridges do not have a span of larger than 25 meters. For bridges of this size, a solid or laminated beam bridge is often used. This consists of a supporting structure made from beams of either timber, steel or a composite material. The use of these materials can then be incorporated to provide a deck that suits the use of your bridge. Our timber bridges are usually made using Ekki, however we can offer and range of alternatives, such as Accoya or Softwood. The timber is FSC® licence C009073 certified.
The bridge length can be increased by attaching several lengths together i.e. multiple spans.
There are several options regarding different types of decks and parapets. See below for the various options.
The bridge can be equipped with a timber, composite or steel deck.
Our timber deck comes with the option of being plain or grooved. With both of these options we recommend that 2 anti-slip inserts are incorporated into the board. Our anti-slip inserts are produced by creating 2 dove tail grooves, the grooves are then filled with an epoxy and granular mix. This provides and long lasting and cost effective solution and also prolongs the life of the deckboards as the timber is not completely sealed. When a full coating is required we often advise that a synthetic deck is used (see below).
Bamboo is used as composite material for decks and parapets. The bamboo stem is peeled, cut into strips, dried and then glued into its final form using a mold. The result is a rigid board. Naturally bamboo comes with the FSC certificate. The bamboo deck can also be equipped with GL-strips.
Our synthetic decks are made of a fiberglass, reinforced plastic (FRP). They are fitted into place using a tongue and groove system. Synthetic decks have a long life span and are particularly suitable when a full anti slip coating is required due to the adhesive qualities of the synthetic surface. Our anti-slip is applied to the boards under factory conditions. Standard colours are anthracite and red. While suitable for use with service vehicles the synthetic deck is not suitable for equestrian use.
Steel is superb for decks that need to withstand heavy loads or when special requirements such as a fully water proof surface is required. While the most expensive option, a steel deck does have a very long lifespan. In order to prevent damage to the corrosion protection applied we check the size during the manufacturing process to ensure that no adjustments are required during installation.
We can produce parapets in a wide range of shapes and sizes. If you have a particular design in mind please contact us. Parapets can be made from timber, steel, composite material or a combination of these options.
Parapets rails Consists of 1, 2 or more horizontal rails mounted to the posts, whether or not in combination with a handrail.
Post parapets This parapet consists of structural posts.
Specials Fabricated to your requirements – your design – our construction !
You can down load our certificates below.
Traditionally Timber is one of the most popular materials for building. It is the only building material that is renewable. According to a recent report ("Comparative study LCA Bridges, Establish Sustainability Score of Bridges made of Steel, Concrete, Composite and Timber. Edition September (2013), timber is the most environmentally friendly material to use.
Steel is suitable for large spans and is particularly useful where relatively low construction heights are required. With the correct treatment (the guide can be downloaded here) a long life span can be achieved. When working with steel, accuracy is very important, as it is difficult to make any changes or amendments on site. Our engineering agency, Groot Consultants, are very experienced working with steel structures.
Composite bridges are becoming more popular within the Dutch market. While the initial out lay is greater than other materials the only maintenance the structures require is occasional cleaning.
A composite bridge is a load bearing structure which is made entirely from glass fibre reinforced plastic, no materials such as timber or steel are used on the load bearing components. Options include synthetic, timber or a steel handrail mounted to the structure. A composite bridge has a closed deck.
The initial outlay for this from of structure in regard to TCO ( Total Cost of Ownership ) becomes very beneficial over a lifespan of 100 years as there is no maintenance required and no partial or full replacement of the structure after 50 to 70 years as with steel and timber.


Tear up the Asphalt in the ultimate console racing experience on mobile! Enjoy the intuitive TouchDrive™ controls as you take the wheel of over 50 prestigious dream cars across 70 gravity-defying tracks. Complete over 800 events in the solo Career mode and face up to 7 players in real time in the multiplayer mode. You can even create your own race club and recruit players to compete as a team to be the best in the world!


PhotoSecrets Eiffel Tower, first published February 8, 2018. This version output May 12, 2018.
Cover image by Marcin Krzyzak/Shutterstock.
Fame: Tallest structure in Paris.
Most-visited paid monument in the world.
Tip: Use a wide-angle lens (e.g. 28mm) to emphasize the depth.
The east pillar (pielier est).
Tip: Use a small aperture (e.g. f22) to get everything in focus and make the image look flat and abstract.
Tip: Access is via a private lift in the south pillar.
The Champ de Mars is a large public greenspace by the Eiffel Tower, previously used for military drills.
Looking northwest, the view includes the Jardins du Trocadéro, the Palais de Chaillot, and Bois de Boulogne. On the horizon is La Défense, a major business district just outside the city limits of Paris.
There are two double-cabin electric elevators to the observation deck, in the east and west pillars.
The west pillar (pielier ouest), from Promenade Quai Branly, near the Seine.
Carrousel de la Tour Eiffel and Eiffel Tower.
The pool in the center of Champ de Mars (bassin du champ de mars) provides a romantic reflection of the Eiffel Tower.
A cool trick to play with your friends.
[start]The Wall For Peace (Le mur pour la paix) is at the southeast end of the War Field (Field of Mars, Champ de Mars), next to the Military School (École Militaire). Unveiled in 2000, is a metal stainless steel and glass structure by artist Clara Halter and architect Jean-Michel Wilmotte. The Wall is in the spirit of the Wailing Wall in Jerusalem and has the word "PEACE" engraved on it in 32 languages.
[start]Joffree Monument is a 1939 equestrian statue of Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre (1851-1932), a French General during World War I who defeated the Germans at the First Battle of the Marne.
[start]Pont d'Iéna (Jena Bridge) is a bridge across the Seine northwest of the Eiffel Tower.
In 1807, Napoleon I ordered, by an imperial decree issued in Warsaw, the construction of a bridge overlooking the Military School, and named the bridge after his victory in 1806 at the Battle of Jena.
The steps leading off the bridge are popularly known among film fans as the "Renault stair," as they featured in a scene where James Bond (played by Roger Moore) drove a hijacked Renault 11 taxi down the steps in pursuit of an assassin later revealed to be May Day (Grace Jones).
This view is from Avenue de New York, just north of Pont d'Iéna.
Tip: Use a polarizer filter for a blue sky.
Bateaux Parisiens and Eiffel Tower from Avenue de New York, north of Pont d'Léna.
From Avenue de New York, just south of Pont d'Iéna.
Tip: The tree leaves make a nice framing device.
Nymph statues by Georges Récipon.
Tip: A romantic dusk shot.
Eiffel Tower and Seine from Pont de Bir-Hakeim.
[start]La France Renaissante (France Reborn) is an equestrian statue by Holger Wederkinch in 1930, donated by the Danish community.
Front de Seine is a district in Paris, France, located along the river Seine in the 15th arrondissement right at the South of the Eiffel Tower.
Tip: Use a magenta filter to make the green office lights look yellow.
[start]Place de Varsovie (Warsaw Square) is 300 m northwest of the Eiffel Tower, across the Seine at the edge of Jardins du Trocadéro.
The Eiffel Tower from Jardins du Trocadéro.
Pipes of Fountain of Warsaw and Eiffel Tower.
L'Homme (The Man) by Pierre Traverse is one of a pair of statues that recline against stone pillars, overlooking the Fountain of Warsaw.
La Femme (The Woman) by Daniel Bacqué is the matching statue, on the north corner of the Fountain of Warsaw.
Chevaux et Chien (Horses and Dog) by Georges Guyot (1885-1973) is one of two gilded bronze fountain sculptures in their own square basins. The other is Taureau et Daim (Bull and Deer) by Paul Jouve.
Flora (1837 by Louis Lejeune), the goddess of flowers and the mother of spring.
Pomona (1937 by Robert Wlérick), the goddess of gardens and fruit trees.
Tip: This requires two cameras!
Tip: Get low to emphasize the plaza.
A 21-foot bronze Apollo (or Apollon musagète) with a lyre and a serpent, by sculptor Henri Bouchard.
Flore (1937), by Marcel Gimond, is one of eight gilded statues overlooking the esplanade.
Tip: This photo benefits from bad weather.
La Jeunesse (1937), by Alexandre Descatoire (1874-1949).
The observation deck on top of the Arc de Triomphe is 50 m (164 ft) high, with views down the radiating avenues.
[start]The Place de la Concorde is the largest square in Paris. It is located at the eastern end of the Champs-Élysées. It was the site of many notable public executions of royalty during the French Revolution.
Tip: Use a slow shutter (1/8 s) to make the water look soft.
Climb 240 stairs up a spiral staircase to the Chimera Gallery. Climb a further 147 steps (387 total) to the top of the south tower, 69 m (226 feet).
This horned chimera is also on the south tower, and can be photographed from the balustrade that connects to the north tower.
This bird chimera is on the north tower and can be photographed from the balustrade in the north tower.
Adjacent is the most famous chimera — and the only one to be named. Le Stryge (the vampire), the subject of a notable etching, has a shrug-and-spit expression and faces the Eiffel Tower. But its famous profile can't be combined with the Eiffel Tower without Photoshop.
The golden dome of Les Invalides is in the view from the top of the south tower.
From Rue de l'Université at Avenue de la Bourdonnais.
Nothing is more French than the Eiffel Tower and a café. Taken from Rue Saint-Dominique at Boulevard de la Tour-Maubourg.
The Peninsula Paris is a historic luxury hotel, formerly known as the Hotel Majestic, located on Avenue Kléber in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, France.
Photo key: Tap the camera icon to see the photo. The two letters reference the distributor and license. Key for distributors: f:Flickr; p:Pixabay; s:Shutterstock; w:Wikipedia. Key for license: a:CC-BY-SA; b:CC-BY; h:Shutterstock standard; m:public domain; o:CC0.
Cover image by .Adisa ( wa); Dr Amadeus79 ( wa); Annish33 ( sh); Anshar ( sh); Aslysun ( wb); Kosala Bandara ( fb); Michael Beaton ( sh); Beboy ( sh); Michal Bednarek ( wa); Bikernormand ( wa); Bjahind ( wa); Bordeled ( sh); S Borisov ( wb); Moyan Brenn ( wa); Yann Caradec ( sh); Crobard ( wa); Carlos Delgado ( fb); Gustavo Devito ( sh); Elena Dijour ( sh); Ditty_about_summer ( wa); Dxr ( wa); Eutouring ( wa); Martin Falbisoner ( wb); Henrique Ferreira ( sh); Vlad G ( wb); Gadgetdude ( sh); Kevin George ( wm); Preston Gibson ( wa); Aurelien Guichard ( wa); Guidor ( fb); Tommie Hansen ( fb); HarshLight ( wb); Harshlight ( sh); Bensliman Hassan ( sh); Nataliya Hora ( wa); David Iliff ( sh); Interpixels ( fy); Bruno Jargot ( fa); Dennis Jarvis ( fa); Jean-Pierre ( wm); Jebulon ( sh); Iakov Kalinin ( fa); Camille King ( sh); Brian Kinney ( sh); Peter Kirillov ( sh); Marcin Krzyzak ( wb); Dj Lestat ( wb); Algunes Lle ( sh); Viacheslav Lopatin ( sh); Lornet ( wb); Nick Loyless ( sh); Sogno Lucido ( po); M12019 ( fa); Curtis MacNewton ( sh); Majeczka ( sh); Marina99 ( wb); Mbzt ( fb); Christopher Michel ( wb); José Luis Mieza ( fb); Hash Milhan ( wa); Moonik ( sh); Luciano Mortula ( sh); Netfalls Remy Musser ( sh); Nikonaft ( fb); Mike Norton ( sh); Kotomiti Okuma ( fa); Ωméga * ( sh); Cyril Papot ( sh); PerWil ( sh); Pio3 ( sh); Pisa Photography ( po); Pixajopari ( sh); Ekaterina Pokrovsky ( wa); Andrés Nieto Porras ( wa); Ppr 19 ( fa); Kim S ( sh); S-F ( wa); Said Bakkass 1997 ( sh); Samot ( fb); Steve Sellers ( wa); Siren-Com ( po); Skeeze ( fa); Ben Smith ( fb); Smlp.co.uk ( wa); Benh Lieu Song ( wa); Daniel Stockman ( sh); SurangaSL ( wa); Thesupermat ( sh); Samo Trebizan ( sh); Tungtopgun ( wb); Chris Waits ( wb); Wladyslaw ( wb); Bohao Zhao ( wb). Some text adapted from Wikipedia and its contributors where noted by the URL path in the "Wik" table field, used and modified under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) license. Map data from OpenStreetMap and its contributors, used under the Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL).


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← Trope-a-Day: Even Evil Has Standards
Trope-a-Day: Every Device Is A Swiss Army Knife / Magic Tool →
Trope-a-Day: Every Bullet is a Tracer
Every Bullet Is A Tracer: Justified for non-slugguns, inasmuch as modern slugthrowers kick their tiny dust-grain bullets up to such a high velocity – a respectable fraction of c – that they plasmate the air they hit on the way to their target. The bullet doesn't glow, but the resulting plasma bolus does.
(The disadvantage that this has, that firing gives away your position unless you turn the muzzle velocity way down, has been noted by the relevant tacticians.)
Tagged Every Bullet is a Tracer, guns
8 thoughts on "Trope-a-Day: Every Bullet is a Tracer"
Pingback: Fun with TV Tropes | Home Gun Training
So this one keeps nagging at me. I freely admit that mass drivers are cool, and present all sorts of interesting possibilities as far as design and capabilities. I'm just not sure how the "projectiles the size of a grain of sand" would work.
First I think of how very small caliber projectiles tend to cause little damage, just poking a tiny hole through the target without much more.
Then I think "wait, if it's moving fast enough to cause a plasma shockwave, though the bullet itself might still just poke through immediately, maybe the shockwave will cause plenty of damage to the target."
But then I think "wait, if the bullet is the size of a grain of sand and is hitting the atmosphere hard enough to cause a plasma shockwave, then it must be experiencing massive air resistance."
A bullet the size of a grain of sand can't have that much mass (unless you're making it out of rather costly exotic materials), and little mass means little inertia. I would think that kind of air resistance would quickly bring the projectile to a stop (think trying to launch a ping-pong ball vs. a golf ball), which is why long range shooters in our world tend to use heavier projectiles.
I get how a mass driver firing "regular-sized" projectiles would work, but how do the grain of sand projectiles a. do damage and b. travel any useful distance through an atmosphere?
Alistair Young
The short answer here is "you're not thinking fast enough".
The longer one is: for comparison, "hypervelocity" small arms built using chemical propellants, here on Earth, top out around 1.7 km/sec (around, say, five times the speed of sound in standard sea level conditions). Even the US Navy's railgun program isn't looking at going beyond 2.5 km/sec (a little over Mach 7).
An Eldraeverse slugthrower's projectiles are leaving the barrel a couple of orders of magnitude faster than that, despite their much lower mass. So, yep, more'n enough to create a plasma shock (and that does bleed kinetic energy, but in this sort of super-high-energy physics regime, not enough to matter, especially since the cross-sectional area of the projectile is insignificant). The surface of the projectile pretty much melts in transit, but the whole thing stays integral because the heat doesn't have time to transfer. I won't bore you with the whole set of calculations, but the numbers I have here suggests that the KE on impact of an average pistol is going to be something on the order of 24 KJ, which is to say, it's like being shot point-blank by a GAU-8 Avenger.
As for penetration – well, the thing is that at the relatively slow speeds we fire regular small caliber projectiles, they tend to remain basically intact, or at most misshapen, on impact and pass, as you say, through the target. In this scenario, there's too much KE around for that to happen – the projectile vaporizes on impact, liberating all that KE right there onto the target, much of it as heat:
My simulation based off the above shot of 24 KJ suggests that, were you to fire this at an unarmored human center-mass, it would leave a large, deep charred crater on impact which would last for just long enough for the fragments and hydraulic shock to pulverize their internal organs and blow them out of an exit wound the size of their torso. Basically, like Fallout 3 with the Bloody Mess perk turned on.
(Which is tremendous overkill, but any gun that can meaningfully impact someone wearing equiv-tech armor with kinetic barriers is going to be tremendous overkill when firing at anyone without them. If you want to go nonlethal against soft targets, you use an electrolaser.)
Luke Man
Gorram! So in other words "Sir Isaac Newton is the deadliest son of a bitch in space."
Thank you for the prompt response. You've probably answered this elsewhere, but how does someone who's not heavily modified survive firing even a pistol like that? Is it all vector control?
Most of them do indeed come with some pretty powerful recoil damping systems. It's not quite as bad as it might seem, though – worth bearing in mind that the kinetic energy increased with the square of the velocity, but the momentum increase is only linear with velocity, and also that the momentum conserved is mv on both sides, and the gun/firer has a lot more m than the tiny dust-grain bullet.
…that being said, it's not like there aren't plenty of slugthrowers on the market which come complete with warning labels advising that firing them without having the proper sort of bone and muscle weaving implanted will shatter every bone in your arm, so.
lwcamp55
I used to be rather enamored of this idea – hypervelocity pellets blasting incandescent plasma trails through the air – until I actually ran some numbers. At speeds in excess of several kilometers per second, the ram pressure of the air in front of the projectile greatly exceeds any plausible physical strength of the projectile material. As a result, the projectile acts as a hydrodynamic jet moving through the fluid of the air. As it punches through, the front end of the projectile is continually stripped away, leaving a shorter and shorter projectile. This has a well-known solution (proof available upon request) – the distance the projectile penetrates is equal to its length times the square root of the ratio of its density to the density of the surrounding medium
D = L sqrt(rho_p/rho_t).
For example, take the projectile density to be 20 g/cm^3 (about the densest stuff you can find – platinum, tungsten, gold) and the density of air to be 0.0012 g/cm^3 (the density of air on earth). Then you find that the projectile will travel a maximum of 130 times its own length. If you launch a 1 cm long tungsten needle, it will go 1.3 meters before completely disintegrating. Making it go faster doesn't help – it just makes a larger blast from the energy deposited in that 1.3 meters (the exception is when the projectile is going so fast that the mean free path of the individual particles making up the projectile go farther than the distance the projectile would normally travel. Now the projectile behaves like a particle beam rather than a material object, and you end up with a directed beam of radiation, along with a high radiation environment in the vicinity as radiation is scattered from the beam in all directions and additional radiation is produced from collisions between the projectile particles and the air. You can also end up with amusing beam instabilities which cause the projectile/beam to veer from its path).
Hrmf. Oops. That's going to be an interesting retcon to make, but, well, facts are facts, so… 🙂
I would appreciate that proof, if it wouldn't be too much trouble, mostly for my own edification. (And if you have any thoughts on how I might salvage some of the basic concept, I'd be very much appreciative of that, too!)
Thanks muchly for the detailed information, either way.
I think it can be salvaged.
I'm no physicist, but I suspect that at the "respectable fraction of c" these things are said to be reaching, concepts like "ram pressure" (or, for that matter, "structural integrity") don't really apply: what you really have is, indeed, a bunch of particles flying in formation, but it's going so fast that the air doesn't really interact with it much.
Under normal circumstances, air pressure (like most contact forces) is transmitted largely through electrostatic repulsion, which has a fairly large cross-section. But at sufficiently high energies, as long as the collision is off-centre, the electrostatic forces simply don't have time to deflect the particle much before it's gone past. So the collision cross-section gets smaller, and the mean free path gets longer.
All of which is to say that any sufficiently powerful slugthrower becomes, when fired in atmosphere, a plasma lance.
Of course, there is another way to deal with it, if you're good enough at hypersonic aerodynamics, without going all the way to "respectable fractions of c". By combining the concepts of the ram accelerator and the scramjet, I wonder if it might be possible to combust part of the mass of your pellet with the air going past it (or through it — baseline design for these things looks something like a venturi, though I can't remember if it's the converging-diverging kind or vice-versa; ram accelerator pellets are designed to operate inside a muzzle, so they're a reverse venturi) in such a way as to produce a thrust that counteracts the ram pressure drag. You're going much slower, because the projectile needs to not disintegrate at the distance given by lwcamp55 (and sharp as you make these things, there will be a stagnation point — well, ring — that needs to withstand the ram pressure and the compression heating), so you probably don't get much plasmated air — but your shell is basically an airbreathing rocket motor burning itself for fuel, and that's gonna leave a trace too, even if not quite as bright as the plasma bolus. And since you're getting thrust, your range is good despite the lower muzzle velocity — it's possible that the speed would continue to increase after leaving the gun, in which case the only limit on range is one of specific impulse, determining the point at which the pellet has burned too much of itself away.
Naturally this is beyond our current level of hypersonic aerodynamics (we have yet to build a working scramjet or an in-muzzle ram accelerator), but those Eldrae are smart chaps, I'm sure someone at Eye-In-The-Flame figured out how to do it a long time ago.
(There's also some fun stuff you can get into with the "Busemann biplane" and other 'shockless' bodies — see http://yarchive.net/space/sonic_boom_eliminate.html for some discussion — which minimises wave drag and shock noise. Shockless sniper bullets have already been developed, as described in that link. These concepts would doubtless be important to any attempt at a scram bullet, since otherwise shock entropy when mixing the air and fuel would make it too hot for combustion to give useful thrust.)
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Three-time Darlington Raceway winner, Jimmie Johnson, won Saturday's NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race for his second NSCS victory of 2015.
Johnson has secured his position in the Chase for the Sprint Cup Championship grid and is currently tied with Kevin Harvick for most wins this season (2).
Johnson led 128 of the final 226 laps for his 72nd career NSCS win. He now trails Dale Earnhardt (76 career NSCS wins) by four victories for seventh-place on the all-time wins list.
Harvick, the defending Sprint Cup Series champion and 2014 Bojangles' Southern 500 winner, got back on track with a second-place finish last weekend. He has posted top-10 finishes in each race this season with top-two finishes in every race except Martinsville.
Dale Earnhardt Jr. earned his fourth top-five finish this season after finishing third last weekend.
Erik Jones won his first career NASCAR XFINITY Series race last Friday.
Taste of Darlington Thursday: The annual Taste of Darlington will take place at Darlington Raceway this Thursday, April 16, from 7:00 p.m. – 9:00 p.m. in the track's NASCAR Sprint Cup Series garage. The annual culinary event benefits the Darlington Downtown Revitalization Association (DDRA) and features some of the best cooks in the area. Tickets are $30 each and available for guests 21 years of age or older only.
May 9 Country Concert: The Darlington County Education Foundation will host a country concert at Darlington Raceway on Saturday, May 9, from 5 p.m.-11 p.m. The concert will feature Nashville recording artists' Outshyne, Radio Romance and John Stone. Tickets to the event are $15 each and go on sale Monday, March 30, with proceeds benefiting the Darlington County Education Foundation. They can be purchased at Darlington Raceway, Carolina Bank locations, Markette Convenience Stores, Vintage and Midnight Rooster in Hartsville. The concert will take place in the track's famed infield.
Race tickets on sale now: The Tradition Returns to Labor Day weekend as the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series Bojangles' Southern 500® is set for Sunday, Sept. 6, 2015. The NASCAR XFINITY Series VFW Sport Clips Help A Hero 200 will race on Saturday, Sept. 5. Tickets officially went on sale to the public on Feb. 18 and are available by calling 866-459-7223, visiting www.DarlingtonRaceway.com, or through the mobile app.


I've spent many hours with the Moon. My new project is made up of images of the Moon and I've been working on the files for months. My youngest daughter is studying the Moon in school. And this morning we set our alarms for four in the morning to watch, and photograph, the lunar eclipse from the California coast.
That's a lot of Moon.
And this is not a recent flirtation. I have Rükl's maps and and Chuck Wood's The Modern Moon. I still have my 102mm refractor that I bought when I lived in Maryland, plenty with which to view lunar features.
And yet there it is, a planet in the sky. So familiar as to be ignored on most occasions so unfamiliar that few people on Earth could draw from memory even a crude approximation of its plainly visible geologic features.
Looking up at the Moon is one of the last remaining views of nature that we still share with primitive man–and presumably future man as well. All else has been adulterated.