text:
module Mongo
  module Operation

    # Result wrapper for operations.
    #
    # @since 2.0.0
    class Result
      extend Forwardable
      include Enumerable

      # The number of documents updated in the write.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      N = 'n'.freeze

      # The ok status field in the result.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      OK = 'ok'.freeze

      # @return [ Array<Protocol::Reply> ] replies The wrapped wire protocol replies.
      attr_reader :replies

      # Is the result acknowledged?
      #
      # @note On MongoDB 2.6 and higher all writes are acknowledged since the
      #   driver uses write commands for all write operations. On 2.4 and
      #   lower, the result is acknowledged if the GLE has been executed after
      #   the command. If not, no replies will be specified. Reads will always
      #   return true here since a replies is always provided.
      #
      # @return [ true, false ] If the result is acknowledged.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def acknowledged?
        !!@replies
      end

      # Determine if this result is a collection of multiple replies from the
      # server.
      #
      # @example Is the result for multiple replies?
      #   result.multiple?
      #
      # @return [ true, false ] If the result is for multiple replies.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def multiple?
        replies.size > 1
      end

      # Get the cursor id if the response is acknowledged.
      #
      # @note Cursor ids of 0 indicate there is no cursor on the server.
      #
      # @example Get the cursor id.
      #   result.cursor_id
      #
      # @return [ Integer ] The cursor id.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def cursor_id
        acknowledged? ? replies.last.cursor_id : 0
      end

      # Get the namespace of the cursor. The method should be defined in
      # result classes where 'ns' is in the server response.
      #
      # @return [ Nil ]
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def namespace
        nil
      end

      # Get the documents in the result.
      #
      # @example Get the documents.
      #   result.documents
      #
      # @return [ Array<BSON::Document> ] The documents.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def documents
        if acknowledged?
          replies.flat_map{ |reply| reply.documents }
        else
          []
        end
      end

      # Iterate over the documents in the replies.
      #
      # @example Iterate over the documents.
      #   result.each do |doc|
      #     p doc
      #   end
      #
      # @return [ Enumerator ] The enumerator.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      #
      # @yieldparam [ BSON::Document ] Each document in the result.
      def each(&block)
        documents.each(&block)
      end

      # Initialize a new result.
      #
      # @example Instantiate the result.
      #   Result.new(replies)
      #
      # @param [ Protocol::Reply ] replies The wire protocol replies.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def initialize(replies)
        @replies = replies.is_a?(Protocol::Reply) ? [ replies ] : replies
      end

      # Get the pretty formatted inspection of the result.
      #
      # @example Inspect the result.
      #   result.inspect
      #
      # @return [ String ] The inspection.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def inspect
        "#<Mongo::Operation::Result:#{object_id} documents=#{documents}>"
      end

      # Get the first reply from the result.
      #
      # @example Get the first reply.
      #   result.reply
      #
      # @return [ Protocol::Reply ] The first reply.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def reply
        if acknowledged?
          replies.first
        else
          nil
        end
      end

      # Get the count of documents returned by the server.
      #
      # @example Get the number returned.
      #   result.returned_count
      #
      # @return [ Integer ] The number of documents returned.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def returned_count
        if acknowledged?
          multiple? ? aggregate_returned_count : reply.number_returned
        else
          0
        end
      end

      # If the result was a command then determine if it was considered a
      # success.
      #
      # @note If the write was unacknowledged, then this will always return
      #   true.
      #
      # @example Was the command successful?
      #   result.successful?
      #
      # @return [ true, false ] If the command was successful.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def successful?
        return true if !acknowledged?
        if first_document.has_key?(OK)
          first_document[OK] == 1 && parser.message.empty?
        else
          parser.message.empty?
        end
      end

      # Validate the result by checking for any errors.
      #
      # @note This only checks for errors with writes since authentication is
      #   handled at the connection level and any authentication errors would
      #   be raised there, before a Result is ever created.
      #
      # @example Validate the result.
      #   result.validate!
      #
      # @raise [ Error::OperationFailure ] If an error is in the result.
      #
      # @return [ Result ] The result if verification passed.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def validate!
        !successful? ? raise(Error::OperationFailure.new(parser.message)) : self
      end

      # Get the number of documents written by the server.
      #
      # @example Get the number of documents written.
      #   result.written_count
      #
      # @return [ Integer ] The number of documents written.
      #
      # @since 2.0.0
      def written_count
        if acknowledged?
          multiple? ? aggregate_written_count : (first_document[N] || 0)
        else
          0
        end
      end
      alias :n :written_count

      private

      def aggregate_returned_count
        replies.reduce(0) do |n, reply|
          n += reply.number_returned
          n
        end
      end

      def aggregate_written_count
        documents.reduce(0) do |n, document|
          n += (document[N] || 0)
          n
        end
      end

      def parser
        @parser ||= Error::Parser.new(first_document)
      end

      def first_document
        @first_document ||= first || BSON::Document.new
      end
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Local Artisans get together to share their wares while raising funds to benefit the North Valley Animal Disaster Group. NVADG has been rescuing animals from the Paradise (Camp) fire and reuniting them with their families. Handcrafted items include ceramics, jewelry, photography, paintings, decorative art and botanicals. There will be a raffle for several fun prizes, home baked treats to benefit the NVADG, and kids activities as well.


This Salisbury Sterling Silver Virginia Baby's Toothbrush is 5in. long, and compliments the other Virginia based handle spoons and feeding sets.
Only one initial can be engraved on handle.
We do sell replacement heads for all our toothbrushes, call us.


From creator Kurt Sutter comes Sons of Anarchy: The Complete Series, the iconic, adrenaline-charged initiation into the gritty underworld of outlaw motorcycle clubs. Hounded by law enforcement and targeted by ruthless rivals, the Sons of Anarchy face an uncertain and increasingly lawless future. Meanwhile, Jax Teller is torn between loyalty to his brother bikers and the idealistic vision of his father as he faces bloodshed, treachery and betrayal at every turn. As Jax struggles to protect his family and escape the deadly legacy of the past, alliances are forged, secrets are revealed, and the bonds of brotherhood are put to the ultimate test.
5.0 out of 5 starsBEST SERIES WE HAVE EVER WATCHED!!!!
The sons of Anarchy is the most addicting program I have ever watched! I just wish the series would have lasted 10 or 12 seasons. I was not ready for the season to end. My husband and I are looking for a new series to watch, but we are finding it difficult to find one that comes close to Sons of Anarchy! Someday down the road we will watch it again....but until then we will keep looking for something to keep us as entertained!
We are on Season 3. For the most part it played fine but one of the discs in Season 1 stopped and started and 1 episode in Season 3, disc skipped all over the place. I tried cleaning it, still stop and go. I got so aggravated, I went to the next episode so I missed some parts. I don't think this should be happening.
The movies were in perfect condition. It was a little expensive. I went and found the series at best buy. It was $50.00 cheaper there and came in a nice set!


"Think of your space as an extension of your home"
You will find Garden Planting Ideas, Patio Designs, Formal & Informal Planting Schemes, and lots of Garden Design inspiration.
We are an award winning Garden Landscaping Company offering our clients a complete Landscaping Service in Limerick and Clare including Garden Design, Garden Renovation, Wall and Patio Construction, Paving,Timberwork and Planting.
We believe designing and creating a garden should be a hassle free experience. We will manage the whole project from start to finish using years of experience. We believe the garden should be a place where you can relax! Entertain friends! A place where children can play! There are many different styles and they should maximize the potential of your outdoor space and add value to a property.


RidgeTek Web Solutions is owned and run by myself, Peter Surridge. RidgeTek is a Website and Social Media Company based in Prudhoe, Northumberland providing development, support, consultancy and creativity to businesses and organisations across the UK.
At the end of 2014, after a long career at a Senior Level in the Technology function of a Global Financial organisation, I took the decision to escape for a new fresh challenge and to set up my own business.
My former Corporate life has given me a wealth of experience to draw on, including Programme / Project Management, Application design, development, support and maintenance to name a few.
Whilst I'm proud to have my track record of successful delivery in the Corporate world, I have taken much greater pleasure in the positive way my web solutions have been received.
My days are spent doing what I love – using my skills, knowledge and experience to deliver quality web solutions whilst exploring new techniques and technology to remain leading edge.
RidgeTek is a small, but scalable, business that puts it's customers first! I will work with you to identify your needs and build out your requirements. Pricing is very competitive and work is completed to realistic timescales. If your needs and timescales are unable to be met then we will be open and honest about this from the start. However, innovation and challenge is part of my RidgeTek motivation and as such I will utilise new types of development tools and technology so that we can meet your needs and help your business to grow.
Corporate life has given me a great deal of experience working with teams in overseas locations, which gives me the opportunity to tap into different areas of expertise and resource. This means that the flexible working model of RidgeTek brings with it the opportunity, when required, to tap into different skillsets quickly without adding significant cost or risk to your business.
I am happy to discuss any type of work you would like to consider RidgeTek for – whether it be a new web solution (from Domain Registration and Hosting through to Implementation, SEO and ongoing support), re-developing an existing website in user friendly technologies such as WordPress, Opencart, Joomla, HTML and CSS. We will provide ongoing development, support and maintenance for existing websites or even manage your Social Media presence on your behalf – here at RidgeTek we love an opportunity to meet your needs.
Although we are a Prudhoe based Website and Social Media Company we have clients across the UK and are happy to work with you wherever you are located.
RidgeTek will deliver on what has been agreed, ensuring that the requirements are documented and approved so that your hard earned budgets are not wasted. I take pride in my attention to detail and my customers value my responsiveness and ability to produce innovative, quality work on time and to budget.
If you'd like to find out more about RidgeTek or to discuss a piece of work you have in mind, please don't hesitate to get in touch.
To make the outsourcing of website management to a specialist business affordable to all businesses. This will not only result in giving back valuable time to those businesses to focus on their own agenda, but also provide access to expertise to advise, guide and train where appropriate.
My reputation is critical to my success, and my high regard for customer service is critical to my reputation.


text:
Deere Tops GPS Use List Among Strip-Tillers
The benefits of precision farming translate to multiple farming practices, but strip-till is often cited as a system in which technology is essential. Banding nutrients beneath the soil surface and accurately planting into a fertile seed bed are cornerstones of strip-till, enhanced by a reliable guidance technology.
Results of the No-Till Farmer's 3rd Annual Strip-Till Operational Benchmark Study, which analyzed the 2015 cropping season, revealed an ongoing investment in RTK-level GPS correction services, variable-rate technology and implement guidance.
Watch the full episode of 'On The Record'
According to the survey of more than 400 strip-tillers throughout the U.S. and Canada more than 80% said they used RTK, up 10% from 2 years ago. Looking at the breakdown of GPS brand preference among respondents, John Deere topped the list for the third year in a row, with 43% using the system, up 5 points from 2014.
Second most popular was Trimble with about 23%, followed by Ag Leader at about 20%. The biggest year-over-year decline came in the number of strip-tillers using Case IH GPS from 15.5% in 2014 to 7.9% last year.
Another decline came in the percentage of strip-tillers who utilized implement guidance from 20% in 2013 to 17% last year. However, adoption of variable-rate fertilizing practices continued to increase among strip-tillers. Use increased in 2015 to about 43%, up from 36% in 2014 and 31% in 2013.
A further breakdown of survey respondents analyzed the top 10% of strip-tillers ranked by corn and soybean yields, and their usage of precision farming practices.
Adoption was higher among this group, with 97% utilizing RTK-level GPS correction on their operation, 46% using variable-rate fertilizing and 21% using implement guidance.
Consistent with the overall group, John Deere was the most commonly used brand of GPS, although by a wider margin with 61% of the top strip-tillers using the system.
KEYWORDS GPS auto-steering John Deere products No-till farmer survey no-till farmers precision farming
Deere Guides GPS Use Among Strip-Tillers
RTK Use Dips Slightly Among Strip-Tillers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Mike Huckabee Thinks The Obamas Are Awful Parents, Beyonce Is A Whore, And Jay-Z's A Crack Dealing Pimp.
You remember Mike Huckabee right? The bible thumping ex-Arkansas Governor who very briefly lead the GOP Presidential field for awhile, before ceding the lead to John McCain, who gave it to Obama. Yeah, that Mike Huckabee.
If you still don't remember him, or have him mixed up with Santorum (ick) I don't blame you. The Huckster (see what I did there) used the momentum from those 15 minutes to secure himself a weekend show on Fox News. I watched it once, because I was bored, and it looked like a public access television show with slightly better lighting. Huck's used his twice weekly pulpit to talk all sorts of random sh*t about the Obamas, all of which has raised his profile with Conservatives for a likely run at President in 2016. Either that, or because he has a book to sell. And because he's got a book to sell, he's gotta resort to some ho sh*t to move units.
Former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee thinks Barack and Michelle Obama have a troubling flaw in their parenting style: They allow their daughters listen to Beyoncé.
In a recent interview with People to promote his book God, Guns, Grits and Gravy, the former Baptist minister and possible 2016 presidential hopeful calls the Obamas "excellent and exemplary parents in many ways" but says he's baffled that 16-year-old Malia and 13-year-old Sasha are allowed to absorb content like the singer's anthemic single "Drunk in Love."
"I don't understand how, on one hand, they can be such doting parents and so careful about the intake of everything – how much broccoli they eat and where they go to school and making sure they're kind of sheltered and shielded from so many things – and yet they don't see anything that might not be suitable for either a preteen or a teen in some of the lyrical content and choreography of Beyoncé, who has sort of a regular key to the door [of the White House]," he said.
In God, Guns, Grits and Gravy, Huckabee labels Beyoncé's lyrics as "obnoxious and toxic mental poison," and he lashes out at her husband, Jay Z – calling the rapper a "pimp" who "exploits his wife."
Michelle Obama's office reportedly declined to comment on Huckabee's statements.
The Obamas have been close with Beyoncé throughout Barack's presidency. The commander-in-chief thanked the singer and Jay Z for their friendship during a 2012 New York fundraiser, adding that "Beyoncé could not be a better role model for my girls."
Ladies and gentlemen, this is today's GOP. And just maybe, tomorrow's POTUS.
Oddly, while Huck has some odd fetish fascination with Beyonce, he has no issue whatsoever inviting such wholesome artists as Ted Nugent on his show to "rock out". Because nothing says wholesome like a guy who's been married more times than Kim Kardashian and publicly tells a government official so suck on his shotgun.
Stay classy, Mike Huckabee. Better yet, stay your fat ass on basic cable.
Question: Does this asshole have some nerve or what?
Tags Popped: PoliTricks as Usual, That Sh*t Is Racist, The Evil That Men Do, The Negro Prez, What A DoucheBag


Daily dose for kids: When will I know if baby is a righty or a lefty? He seems to use both hands equally now? Can I "make him" a righty?
When will I know if baby is a righty or a lefty? He seems to use both hands equally now? Can I "make him" a righty?
As with many developmental milestones, there is no single age 'engraved in stone' by which time a child would be definitely righty or lefty. Generally speaking though, you would be able to figure out your baby's handedness at around 2 years age.
While your baby's preference for her right or left hand may start to appear as early as 6 to 9 months of age, this is unlikely to be consistent. Some children may be ambidextrous (using both hands equally) until they're 5 or 6, when they finally make a choice.
Do remember, hand dominance is greatly influenced by genetics. If both you and your partner are left-handed, your child has a 45 to 50 percent chance of being left-handed as well. (In the general population, around 10 percent of people are left-handed.) Statistically, the identical twin of a left-handed person has a 76% chance of being left-handed, identifying the cause(s) as partly genetic and partly environmental.
TIP: If your baby seems to be using one hand exclusively before he's 18 months old, however, talk to your pediatrician, as early hand dominance may be a sign of neurological problems.
The nature versus nurture debate ... While genetics alone don't entirely explain why someone ends up right or left-handed, hardwiring of your child's nervous system is at least part of the reason. Forcing him to use his right hand when he's really a lefty is unlikely to work in the long run and will only confuse or frustrate him.
Remember, while being lefthanded has been associated with social stigma, especially in India, studies have suggested that the proportion of left-handers is increasing and left-handed people as a group have historically produced an above-average quota of high achievers, and among college-educated people, left-handers earned 10 to 15 % more than their right-handed counterparts!


A DEFINITIVE advisor TO therapeutic ANY affliction HOLISTICALLY while catastrophe STRIKESWhen catastrophe moves and also you lose all entry to medical professionals, hospitals and pharmacies, average drugs may be your family's most sensible wish for survival. Prepper's ordinary drugs is the definitive advisor to making robust domestic treatments for any health and wellbeing scenario, together with: •Herbal Salve for Infections•Poultice for damaged Bones•Natural Ointment for Poison Ivy•Infused Honey for Burns•Essential Oil for Migraines•Soothing Tea for Allergies•Nutritional Syrup for Flu With easy-to-read natural charts, a breakdown of crucial oils, assistance for stockpiling ordinary medications and step by step directions for developing your personal elixirs, salves and extra, this publication bargains every little thing you must continue you and your family secure.
This booklet is for all members drawn to taking accountability for his or her wellbeing and fitness and scientific remedies. it's the first finished scientific overview of sodium bicarbonate, that's a vital medicinal for each emergency room, in depth care ward, dental place of work, health facility and residential drugs cupboard.
In terms of the inferior parts of the lungs are gas vB"'Bv,,, as mentioned above. Aside from major pleural problems seem to be less significant in area. Chapter Four: Pathology Table of Contents CHAPTER FOUR Differential Diagnosis. .. .. .... . ... . .. .. Character of the Pain. . .. . . 65 . ................. ''HJlp between Pain and Activity . ... ... . and General Examination .............. . . .... .. . . , . . . . . , . . . .. . . . 65 . , . . 66 .... , .


Like to hike, fish, bike, spend time on the beach? « Welcome to Tahoe's Black Bear Lodge!
Like to hike, fish, bike, spend time on the beach?
We've got plenty of open space, water and the cleanest air around. The perfect spring getaway.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged Lake Tahoe hiking.


In today's episode the guys answer listeners' emails & voicemails that have been stacking up in the inbox for a little while now. We also have a long awaited return of Tom Iovino and a new Tom's Tips, along with some great conversation about all things woodworking…including the suggestion of a new "Woodworking Improv" show for Marc.
Shannon is working on his Corner Cabinet and Spring Pole Lathe. Matt's 2012 resolution is finally coming true, and Marc just returned from a teaching trip at the William Ng School and is finishing up his little Step Stool project.
The problem I have is that I don't have an indoor space to build a workbench and the table that I use to pot plants is just getting destroyed by racking forces. I would like to build a bench, but because of space issues, it will need to stay outside 24/7/365 in south central PA with all of its seasonal extremes. The bench could have a tarp draped over it and there is a smallish overhang near where this would most likely be, but that is about it for cover and shelter. Of the woodworkers that I have talked to about this subject, most don't have an answer. The only answer that didn't involve the phrases "that's a tough one" or "move" involved building a base out of cedar and having a top of white oak. If you have any thoughts of a route I might be able to take, let me know.
I recently installed a 3 speed Rikon air cleaner in my basement. Due to low ceiling height, I screwed it directly into the floor joists. Yes, you can see where this is going. Needless to say the entire first floor shakes when I turn it on. Any suggestions on how to keep it close to the ceiling, and isolate the vibration? I was thinking maybe some rubber strips or some sort of springs. Keep up the good work.
Roberto moved to Illinois! Wants to know what he should keep in mind when building furniture in a humid environment.
Marc recommends he check out the Woodshop Widget!
Thanks to the following folks for leaving us a 5-star review in iTunes!
Michael Ingram, Umbria Bob, Jeff Branch, Iachan, and Stevetilling.
Just a quick note that our next show will be a special call-in show to celebrate our 100th episode!


A municipal bond offering in which a sponsor sells an issue of bonds with proceeds used by a number of cities or other tax-exempt organizations. The pool permits small cities with low borrowing requirements to reduce the underwriting and interest costs inherent in a small issue. Because of the varying credit risks associated with cities in a single bond pool, nearly all bond pools are insured as to payment of interest or principal. Also called pool financing.
This will ensure that not all assets of a financial institution are encumbered through a covered bond pool.
26 billion in commercial surety bonds and enter into the Indiana Surface Mining and Reclamation Bond Pool to fully replace all of Peabody's self-bonds.
The investment management mandate spans four fixed income solutions: MD Short Term Bond Fund, MD Bond Fund, MDPIM Canadian Long Term Bond Pool, and MDPIM Canadian Bond Pool.
TD Asset Management Inc (TDAM), the manager of TD Mutual Funds (NYSE: TD) (TSX: TD), has said that the name TD World Bond Pool has been changed to TD Income Opportunities Pool as on July 21, 2010.
Eddie Tech is finalizing program details and anticipates issuing the first bond pool in the first quarter of 2010.
Under SMCRA, states have flexibility to require mine operators to provide a bond for the full cost of reclamation or participate in an alternative bonding system such as a bond pool, which may combine bonds, taxes on coal production, and other sources of funding.
To date, there is well over $10 million in Grow Bond pool.
The resulting bond pool structure enables participating municipalities to take advantage of a superior credit rating and low market interest rates," she said.
Thus, IDBs are normally used only for transactions between $500,000 and $10 million; however, smaller IDB transactions ($500,000 to $2 million) can take advantage of the State's Enterprise Bond Pool Program, which also has lower interest costs.
The County Pools consisted of the Commingled Pool, the Bond Pool and Specific Investments.
Individual investors can join a capital appreciation account investing primarily in stocks, a taxable bond pool, and an Oregon tax-free bond pool.
Although there are a large number of individual borrowers, concentration is moderate for a municipal bond pool, with the top 10 representing approximately 44% of the aggregate loan pool.


text:
Home / Ecology, The Environment and Conservation / SMCM professor discovers cattle hormones that leak into streams and alter fish reproduction
SMCM professor discovers cattle hormones that leak into streams and alter fish reproduction
Scientist plans similar studies on tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay
A study released in early December by a group of scientists shows that hormones leaking into streams from cattle feedlots are altering the sexual characteristics of wild fish.
Edward Orlando, assistant professor of biology at St. Mary's College of Maryland (SMCM), was the leading author in the study that included researchers from five U.S. institutions. The scientists examined minnows in three streams that flow into Nebraska's Elkhorn River. Their findings showed "significant alterations in the reproductive biology" of fish immediately downstream from a large Nebraska cattle feedlot.
The scientists said they do not know whether the damage was caused by natural hormones in cattle or by synthetic ones administered to the animals. Their report states that the findings "clearly demonstrate" that effluent from feedlots is hormonally active, whether it is natural or synthetic. About 30 million head of cattle are raised in U.S. feedlots each year, and nearly all are implanted with growth-promoting synthetic hormones.
Orlando said the scientists took their samples from a site directly connected to a retention pond at the base of a large feedlot. Several spots along the river contained hormones, indicating that "this [result] is not due to one farm in one location." Orlando added that laboratory tests from the study showed that the feed-lot effluent-receiving site contained a complex and potent mix of androgens (male sex hormones), and estrogens (female hormones).
According to the study, published in the online version of the scientific journal Environmental Health Perspectives, the male fish had one-third less testosterone and their testes were about half as big as those of unexposed fish upstream. The female fish had about 20 percent less estrogen and 45 percent more testosterone than females from the uncontaminated stream.
The scientists caution that further investigation of livestock farms is "urgently needed if we are to understand the possible adverse effects of these compounds on aquatic ecosystem health." They say the priority should be to identify the compounds that altered the fish, and "determine whether they were natural or pharmaceutical in origin."
Hormones are used to stimulate growth in cattle and help them produce more meat and less fat. According to a 1999 survey by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, about 99% of the nation's largest, factory-sized cattle feedlots use hormonal implants.
"Cattle can be treated with any number of androgenic or estrogenic chemicals, or combinations of synthetic androgens and estrogens," said Orlando. "We do not know what the cattle in this feedlot were treated with or what was in the effluent. This is really the first study of this kind, and there are lots of questions, but few answers, so far."
This study was conducted on wild fish in Nebraska's Elkhorn River. It is unknown whether the hormones implanted into cattle have any effect on human beings, "but, we do know that human exposure is minimal, given that only trace amounts of these synthetic hormones remain in the meat. In contrast to humans, aquatic wildlife is exposed to an unknown concentration of synthetic and natural hormones excreted by the cattle. We know little about the potential effects of hormone containing effluent from cattle feedlots or other concentrated animal feeding operations on fish and other aquatic wildlife," said Orlando.
Orlando plans similar studies for the tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay. He is currently submitting proposals to various funding sources to conduct research.
SMCM is consistently ranked one of the best public liberal arts colleges in the na-tion by U.S. News & World Report and The Princeton Review. The Washington Post called St. Mary's College of Maryland "a place to get an Ivy League education at a public school price."
Marc Apter EurekAlert!
http://www.smcm.edu/
All news from this category: Ecology, The Environment and Conservation
This complex theme deals primarily with interactions between organisms and the environmental factors that impact them, but to a greater extent between individual inanimate environmental factors.
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Native biodiversity collapse in the Eastern Mediterranean
07.01.2021 / Ecology, The Environment and Conservation
How to identify heat-stressed corals
The new face of the Antarctic
Novel method reveals small microplastics throughout Japan's subtropical ocean


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Author: Agnieszka Kozubek
Agnieszka is a Chief Content Officer at Vertabelo. Before coming to Vertabelo, she worked as a Java programmer. She has a PhD in mathematics and over 10 years of experience in teaching mathematics and computer science at the University of Warsaw. In her free time, she enjoys reading a good book, going mountain hiking and practicing yoga.
How to Normalize a Database Into 2NF and 3NF (With Examples)
database normalization
Agnieszka Kozubek
We present a practical example of how to normalize a table that is in the first normal form (1NF) into a set of tables in the third normal form (3NF). Database normalization is a very important concept in database design. Every database designer should know the rules for different normal forms. In practice, the most important normal form is the third normal form (3NF). If you want to be a database designer, you should know how to check if a table is in 3NF.
What Is a Candidate Key in Database Design?
candidate key
A candidate key is an important concept in database normalization. Read on to find out what a candidate key is and how to check if a set of attributes is a candidate key. The candidate key, also simply called a key, is an important part of database design. It is the theoretical foundation for technical concepts like primary and alternate (unique) keys. Every database designer should be aware of how to identify candidate keys and how to choose the right one for their table.
How To Find the Closure of a Set of Attributes (With Examples)
functional dependency
Do you know what a closure of a set of attributes is? Do you know how to find it? This knowledge is essential for database normalization. In this article, learn what a closure of a set of attributes is and how to find it with real-world examples. Finding the closure of a set of attributes is an important topic for relational databases. The closure of a set of attributes is taught in every university database class.
What Is a One-to-One Relationship in a Database?
one-to-one relationship
What is a one-to-one relationship in data modeling? How do you implement this relationship in a database? The examples in this article will answer these questions. There are three types of relationships between entities (tables) in data modeling: One-to-many relationships (also denoted as 1:M). Many-to-many relationships (M:N). One-to-one relationships (1:1). The most common type of relationship is a one-to-many relationship, where a record in one entity can be referenced by multiple records in another entity.
How To Remember the Rules for Database Normal Forms
1nf
bcnf
boyce-codd-normal-form
first-normal-form
second-normal-form
third-normal-form
Database Normalization in Simple English Have you heard of 2NF, 3NF, and BCNF? Do you know what the database normal forms mean? In this article, you will learn database normalization in simple English. With real-world examples, you will better understand what normal forms are, why there are different types, and why we need them. Database courses typically teach database normalization and normal forms abstractly. Functional dependencies and normalization problems are defined using letters (e.
Normalization in Relational Databases: First Normal Form (1NF), Second Normal Form (2NF), and Third Normal Form (3NF)
What is database normalization? What are the different normal forms, and what do they do? Find out in this article. Normalization in relational databases is a design process that minimizes data redundancy and avoids update anomalies. Basically, you want each piece of information to be stored exactly once; if the information changes, you only have to update it in one place. The theory of normal forms gives rigorous meaning to these informal concepts.
How to Store Authentication Data in a Database. Part 1
database modeling
How difficult is it to program a user login function for an application? Novice developers think it's very easy. Experienced developers know better: it is the most sensitive process in your application. Errors in login screens can lead to serious security issues. In this article we take a look at how to store authentication data in your database. The most common way to authenticate users nowadays is with user name and password.
Who Will Get the Turing Award in 2030?
The Turing Award is an annual prize given by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) "for contributions of a technical nature made to the computing community." It is sometimes referred to as the "Nobel Prize" in Computing. Currently, the prize is 1 million dollars with funding provided by Google. The 2014 Turing Award – announced just three weeks ago on March 25, 2015 – was given to Michael Stonebraker, who earned the award for "fundamental contributions to database systems, which are one of the critical applications of computers today.
My Weirdest Database Experience
Back in the day when I was still a PhD student, I helped to organize two scientific conferences that took place in my institute. If you've ever been to a big 1000-person developers' conference, scientific conferences are nothing like them. They usually have around 100 participants; a 300-person conference is considered big. Scientific conferences are organized by the faculty of the university where the event takes place, with some help from interested students or PhD students.
5 Must-Read Database Modeling Books?
I recently realized that our database modeling library could use a few more advanced titles. So I headed over to Amazon to see what they had on offer. There are plenty of introductory books for beginners that tell you how to normalize data, and introduce you to indexes, but what about something for the professional, grown-up database modeler? Here are 5 of the best database modeling books I found (listed in no particular order) that go beyond the basics and come highly recommended by Amazon reviewers.


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Clifton Wilkinson, Destination Editor Lonely Planet:
"Belinda has written for Lonely Planet for seven years, during which time she has produced top-quality writing and proven herself to be one of the most enthusiastic and conscientious authors on our books. Over this period she has worked on many guides, including Great Britain and England, and other projects, including special one-offs on UK university cities. Her determination to find the best hotel/restaurant/view etc means that her research skills are second to none, while her writing is always of the highest standard, easily combining useful information with an entertaining, engaging writing style to convey an authentic sense of a place. She co-wrote our Devon & Cornwall guide from scratch, demonstrating her expert knowledge of this region of the UK, and her skills and willingness to adapt and develop are such that when asked to come in at the last minute on our Italian Lakes and Ireland's Best Trips guides, she not only jumped at the chance but produced content of exceptionally high standard."
Lynnette Crisp, Head of Marketing, Visit Kent:
"We engaged Belinda to write the copy for the new Visit Kent website, which went live in April 2013. Responding to a very specific brief, Belinda supplied wonderfully inspirational copy across a series of themes – all with the aim of motivating readers to visit Kent. She has the unique skill of writing concisely whilst still selling our destination in an evocative way. She took time to develop a full understanding of the brief and our county before undertaking the project and delivered the finished copy to deadline. I would not hesitate to recommend Belinda for future projects."
Sarah Barber, Tourism, Heritage and Nature Conservation Manager, Ashford Borough Council:
"It was a pleasure to work with Belinda. Not only was she able to create fresh, evocative and inspirational copy, but she did so in a way that maintained the essence and spirit of our destination while delivering on time, to budget and spot on to our brief. All in all it was a very positive experience and I would be happy to use Belinda again and also recommend her to other businesses."
Honor Wilson-Fletcher MBE, CEO British Exploring Society:
"Belinda is one of our most active and progressive Media Leaders – volunteering across both our Open and Invited expeditions. She develops and facilitates fun, challenging and rewarding reflective learning experiences through her inventive use of a range of media – and she receives extremely positive feedback from our explorers. The British Exploring team also love working with Belinda – she is energetic, positive, challenging, creative, thoughtful and utterly engaged with our mission and vision."
"Belinda ran a copywriting training session for the Visit Kent team. With a range of skills in the team and various copywriting needs she made the session highly inspirational, inclusive for all and above all fun! The copywriting skills of everyone involved in the session dramatically improved. I would not hesitate to recommend Belinda for future projects."
Liz Miller, Lecturer in Journalism and Media, University of St Mark & St John (Marjon):
"I've been working with Belinda in her role as visiting lecturer at Marjon for the past four years. She's highly organised, always reliable and a pleasure to work with. Belinda is a very effective communicator and her background as a professional broadcast journalist and writer brings credibility and insight to her teaching practice."
Mark Grinnell, Managing Editor, BBC Radio Devon:
"Belinda is a brilliant broadcaster, equally at home with music, news and current affairs programmes. She is well known and liked by BBC radio audiences in the UK and abroad. In addition Belinda is a great team member and can often be heard presenting our breakfast show and news output."
Rosalyn Goulding, Exhibition Manager , Telegraph Museum Porthcurno:
(Writing about the museum's £2.5million re-development, 2014) "We've had a really positive response to the new exhibitions. Having worked with a number of different contractors on this project, we were really impressed with your professionalism, output and the fact that you just gave us exactly what we wanted! I've walked past many people in the galleries sitting and listening to the oral histories with a little smile on their faces, and we've had lots of comments about the 'lovely audio-visual experience'."
Ben Lumby, Exhibitions Manager, National Maritime Museum Cornwall:
"Belinda has produced audio for several exhibits here at the Maritime Museum. I'd say we are quite fussy clients and are really particular about how our archive audio material is treated and presented. With that in mind we have been impressed by the way in which Belinda responded to our brief, crafting elegant audio pieces from our clips and incorporating sound effects to add atmosphere without interfering with the integrity of the original material."


Sorry, our online registration for ATMA Manufacturing Mixer- Free Event! on November 8, 2018 is closed. Please register for future meetings in advance. Thank you for visiting Arizona Tooling & Machining Association.
ATMA Manufacturing Mixer- Free Event!


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Jackmate The Prodigal Son
By Philip Downey
Jackmate's debut album is an excellent mix of house and techno. Like those genres' original incarnations, there are high and low frequencies, and not much in between. The album begins with "Prodigal Son," a great techno number with a spoken word sample, high-hats, and long, drawn out synth chords hung over the whole track. Tracks like "Manray" and "Mink" follow a similar pattern. On the house side of things are "Chicago Toronto," which incorporates classic organ stabs and modern clicks and glitches. "Wolfen" is similar, but in a minimal style. The album weakens a bit near the end — "8osc 7seq," which is equal parts LFO and Future Sound of London, should stick with break beats all the way through, instead of going techno at the midway point, and "Freezer Burn" could have been left off altogether for lack of ideas. These are small concerns though. Overall, the quality of the tracks is extremely high. There's a good mix of old and new sounds and they are organised into an enjoyable album. (Resopal-Schallware)
DANCE AND ELECTRONIC
More Jackmate


Discover Japan's most important cultural and historical monuments as you visit the temples of Nikko, the Peace Park at Hiroshima, and Himeji Castle, staying in outstanding accommodation - including a thatched farmhouse in Shirakawago and a temple lodging on Mount Koya.
Your adventure begins and ends in Tokyo, a beacon of modernity whose radical architecture and irrepressible pop culture provide a fascinating counterpoint to the rich historical monuments that provide the inspiration for this itinerary.
Just a short journey from Tokyo lies Nikko, home to the mind-bogglingly intricate temple complex that serves as the final resting place of the shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu: one of the most important figures in Japanese history.
Mount Koya provides a link to another celebrated personage, the monk Kobo Daishi, who introduced Shingon Buddhism to Japan. Here you'll stay in a shukubo temple lodging, eat vegetarian shojin ryori cuisine and watch as monks perform their solemn morning rites.
The cities of Kyoto and Hiroshima harbour a diverse array of remarkable historical gems. In Hiroshima visit the atmospheric Peace Park, where the tragic events of 1945 come hauntingly alive. Kyoto is home to no less than 17 World Heritage locations, from much-loved Kiyomizu-dera Temple to the "nightingale floor" of Nijo Castle, and offers the chance for a day trip to another World Heritage hotspot: the ancient capital of Nara.
Shirakawago, a peaceful village amid the bucolic scenery of the Japanese Alps, offers a very different experience: a stay in a traditional thatched-roof farmhouse with an included meal of locally sourced cuisine.
Finally, crowning your World Heritage trip is a visit to Himeji Castle. Recently renovated, Himeji is by far the largest and most spectacular of all Japan's castles - there really is nothing else like it!
Begin your Japanese adventure with a three-night stay in Tokyo's historical Asakusa district, where throngs of street market traders and food stalls evoke the atmosphere of old Edo.
The remainder of today will be free for you to explore the area or to venture further afield if you fancy it. You might decide to visit one of Ueno Park's fascinating museums or watch a traditional Kabuki performance at the Kabuki-za Theatre in Ginza ' check you Info-Pack for lots of sightseeing ideas to keep you busy! On your first full day in Tokyo we will arrange for a private local guide to take you on a tour of the city. Highlights will include a mixture of the city's famous locations and its lesser-known gems, perhaps including a water bus ride on the Sumida River, a tea ceremony at the teahouse in the Hamarikyu gardens, or maybe people-watching in Harajuku and Yoyogi Park. The options are endless but your guide is sure to make sure that you have a fantastic day. Lunch at a local restaurant will be included as part of the tour. With another full day to explore Tokyo you can either stay within the city limits or use your Japan Rail Pass to venture further afield. We highly recommend getting up early to experience the organised chaos at Tsukiji's Fish Market and indulge in a sushi breakfast. Shopping for electronics and manga in Akihabara provides an intriguing insight into Japanese otaku (nerd) culture, and the Tokyo Metropolitan Building offers incredible views over the city ' including Mount Fuji when the weather is favourable!
Spend two days in Nikko, home to Japan's most ornate religious architecture and a spectacular national park.
Today you will speed north through the Tokyo suburbs by Shinkansen bullet train to Nikko in Tochigi Prefecture. On arrival you will be met by one of our experienced local guiding duo, Mr and Mrs Ota, who will take you to explore Nikko's UNESCO World Heritage complex ' the most ornate collection of religious buildings in all Japan. Keep your eyes peeled for the original carving of the three wise monkeys from the Buddhist maxim "see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil." Lunch at a local restaurant will be included in your tour today. Besides the temple complex, Nikko is also the location of a stunning national park where, 20,000 years ago, the eruption of the sacred Mount Nantai created Lake Chuzenji. A favourite spot for viewing the changing of the leaves in autumn, this area is criss-crossed with hiking trails and boasts some outstanding natural features such as the Kegon Falls and the breathtaking views from the Akechidaira plateau. Your guide will make suggestions for your time and your Info-Pack will also include full details of the highlights of the national park.
Explore the cultural and historical heart of Japan, including a visit to the famous Saiho-ji moss garden and an optional day trip to Hiroshima and Miyajima.
Today you will travel by Shinkansen bullet train to Kyoto, in the Kansai region of Japan. You'll have this afternoon free to begin exploring this fascinating city armed with your personalised Info-Pack, which will be packed with exciting sightseeing suggestions. On your first full day in the city you'll have a private guide at your disposal to show you some of Kyoto's more famous sights as well as some lesser-known places of interest. The itinerary for today will be flexible and your knowledgeable guide will discuss their ideas with you this morning. A visit to the Saiho-ji moss temple (Koke-dera) will be included as part of your tour. Viewable by appointment only, the gardens of this temple are justifiably famous throughout Japan, and all visitors are asked to join in a 30-minute session of sutra-chanting before exploring the garden ' a great insight into Japanese religious rituals. Lunch will also be included as part of the day's sightseeing. With another full day at leisure in Kyoto, we highly recommend taking a day trip to one of the excellent destinations within easy reach of the rail network using your Japan Rail Pass. Just a short distance away is Nara, another ancient capital city with an impressive collection of World Heritage Sites without the crowds of Kyoto's main attractions, whilst nearby Osaka is ideal for those seeking the bright lights and entertainment value of the big city.
Spend the night at an authentic Buddhist shukubo temple lodging, where you can participate in the rituals of temple life and try traditional shojin ryori cuisine.
Journey on to the Kii Peninsula today, where you will arrive at the sacred community of Mount Koya, established by the revered monk Kobo Daishi in 816. The 123 temples that make up this mountain village are surrounded by cedar trees, giving it a truly remote and peaceful atmosphere. Here you'll be spending two nights at a Buddhist shukubo temple lodging, where you will have the opportunity to experience the daily rituals of the monks and try authentic vegetarian shojin ryori cuisine. For your second day on Mount Koya you will be shown around the town by a local guide, who will be able to give you some great insights into life in the mountains and provide some background to the area's temples and the vast graveyard, Okunoin. Lunch at a local restaurant will be included in the tour today, and you will have another sumptuous shojin ryori feast at your shukubo tonight.
Admire Japan's largest and most impressive original samurai castle, Himeji's "White Heron".
Today you will make your way by funicular railway and rural train out of the mountains and to Himeji, known throughout Japan as the location of the country's finest samurai castle: the "White Heron". Himeji Castle is one of only 12 original castles still extant in Japan, and it is easily the largest, with impressive ramparts and a dramatic keep that dominates the city skyline. After visiting the castle we recommend stopping at Koko-en Gardens just next-door, where you might like to stop at the teahouse for a rest and a cup of green tea. If you fancy travelling further afield whilst in Himeji, half an hour's bus ride will take you to Engyo-ji Temple complex at the top of Mount Shosha ' a wonderful and atmospheric place to visit away from the crowds that flock to the castle.
Head west to Hiroshima and Miyajima, one an exciting modern city; the other a beautifully tranquil island just across the bay.
On day 12 of your adventure you'll continue your journey west as you make your way to Hiroshima, the first city to be hit by an atomic bomb during the Second World War. Though the events of 1945 will never be forgotten ' and every visitor to Hiroshima should pay a visit to the haunting and informative Peace Park and Museum ' Hiroshima today is a lively and exciting modern city that refuses to be defined by its tragic past. Whilst here you must be sure to try the local dish, okonomiyaki, a delicious kind of savoury pancake cooked on a hotplate. After a night in Hiroshima you'll have the chance to visit Miyajima, a small island on the Seto Inland Sea. Miyajima is particularly well-known for is population of friendly deer and for the brilliant red Itsukushima Shrine with its "floating" torii, but venture a little beyond and you'll find other lovely temples and shrines hidden in the surrounding woods. We recommend making your way to the top of Mount Misen (take the cable car unless you're a real masochist!) for spectacular views across the Seto Inland Sea.
Explore wood-panelled streets in Kanazawa, a World Heritage city on the Japan Sea Coast.
On day fourteen of your itinerary you'll be making your way across Honshu Island to the Japan Sea Coast and Kanazawa, sometimes known as "Little Kyoto" for its impressive collection of historic sights ' though without the crowds that Kyoto draws! On day fifteen you'll have a full free day in Kanazawa to explore the sights of the town. The gardens of Kenrokuen are a must-see and a stroll through the bukeyashiki samurai houses give the visitor a chance to step back in time and enjoy the romance of old feudal Japan. The beautiful geisha quarter has a couple of tea houses which are open to the public to take green tea - sadly without the presence of a geisha though! Your complimentary InsideJapan Tours Info-Pack will be full of sightseeing ideas and details of what to see and do to make the most of your time in this charming city.
Spend the night in a thatched-roof farmhouse in Shirakawago, a World Heritage village in the Japanese Alps.
Today you will make the journey into the Japan Alps to Shirakawago, an alpine village that is widely considered to be one of the most scenic locations in Japan. The area is well-known for its collection of beautifully preserved gassho zukuri (literally "praying hands") farmhouses, some of which are still standing after 200 years, and you'll be spending the night in one of them tonight, with a delicious home-cooked meal of alpine fare included. This really is a unique experience not to be had anywhere else. Before leaving Shirakawago we highly recommend walking up to the viewpoint to look over the village ' it's a view that's not to be missed!
Swap traditional towns and peaceful countryside for a final night in Shinjuku, the biggest and brashest of Tokyo's entertainment districts.
Today you will leave behind one ancient capital to return to today's capital, Tokyo. Here you will be staying in Shinjuku, Tokyo's dynamic, high-rise entertainment and business hub ' a striking contrast to the ancient temples, national parks and small towns you've visited so far on your adventure! This is the perfect spot for some last-minute shopping and sightseeing, and the choice of restaurants and bars for this evening is never-ending. Sadly your adventures must come to an end, and on your final morning you'll catch the Narita Express to the airport in time for your departure flight. Have a safe journey home.


A tattoo can be removed by cutting it away and then stitching up the wound. In the case of a large tattoo a skin graft can be used from another part of the body.
If the tattoo is small, this method has the advantage of being a quick one-session procedure. In the case of light green, yellow, white ink or florescent inks, which may be resistant to lasers, this method may be used.
The procedure begins with injection of a local anesthetic. The tattoo is surgically removed and the edges are sutured together. Bleeding can be controlled with electrocautery if needed. Scarring is usually minimal.


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Profile Of Sophie Okonedo (Nigerian Actress)
Date Of Birth: 11 August 1968
Movies Acted: Hotel Rwanda (2004), After Earth (2013), Dirty Pretty Things (2002). Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls, Dirty Pretty Thing, etc.
Awards Won: 2005: Best Actress-Drama (Hotel Rwanda); 2008: Ensemble Acting of the Year (The Secret Life of Bees); 2010: Officer of the Order of the British Empire; 2014: Best Featured Actress in a Play (A Raisin in the Sun).
Sophie Okonedo was born on August 11, 1968 in London, England. She is an actress, known for Hotel Rwanda (2004), After Earth (2013) and Dirty Pretty Things (2002).
Sophie is an English actress. She has also appeared in films like 'Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls' and Stephen Frears' 'Dirty Pretty Thing'. Additionally, she was appointed the Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2010 Birthday Honours. Furthermore, she received an Academy Award nomination for her performance in 'Hotel Rwanda'.
Trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) in London, England. Her father, Henry E.B. Okonedo, was Nigerian. Her mother, Joan Allman, is from a Jewish family (they immigrated from Poland and Russia to England).
Gave birth to her only child — a daughter, Aoife Okonedo Martin — in June 1997, at age 28. Child's father is her former boyfriend, Eoin Martin.
Attended and graduated from the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England.
Invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) in 2005.
In 2005, Okonedo became the first black actress since Angela Bassett in 1994 to receive an NAACP Image Award nomination for the same role in which she was nominated for an Oscar. Previous Oscar nominees Marianne Jean-Baptiste, Halle Berry and Queen Latifah were not nominated by the NAACP for the same roles.
She was awarded the OBE (Officer of the Order of the British Empire) in the 2010 Queen's Birthday Honours List for her services to drama.
She won the 2014 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play, appearing on Broadway opposite Denzel Washington in "A Raisin in the Sun". She later said that one of the best things about her Broadway debut was that she got to say she was "Denzel Washington's wife".
Profile Of Sophie Okonedo (Nigerian Actress) added by Media Nigeria on February 13, 2018
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Art For Arachnoiditis is An Art, Adaptability and Empowerment Project about Living With Spinal Arachnoiditis. It is a Charitable Project of SheilaLynnK Art Studio fiscally sponsored by the New York Foundation for the Arts, A 501(C)(3) non-profit organization.
Among the services provided, the Project Includes this Website for Survivors which served 93 countries in 2015 (WordPress Report).
As always, the current Income/Expense report is available to the public. Though our intentions are always to provide as many services as possible to support Arachnoiditis Survivors in their Creative Wellness Efforts; we are limited by our fiscal abilities and physical resources.
Your purchases in The Art For Arachnoiditis Shop benefit this project.
FUND OUR CREATIVE WELLNESS GOALS~ It's tax deductible AT NYFA [The New York Foundation For the Arts] or via check made payable to The New York Foundation for the Arts, MEMO: The Art For Arachnoiditis Project; MAILED TO: SheilaLynnK Art Studio 345 South Main Street Wellsville, NY 14895. Contributions of $2500 or more must be accompanied by a Contribution Letter.
New to the project? Visit THE PROJECT PAGE to see what this is all about.
To minimize the cost to the Arachnoditis Survivors for shipping, insurance, and other usual exhibition expenses; There IS a $5 registration fee for the Survivors' Art Exhibit to assist with the cost of making prints and processing digital entries for display. Other than that one annual exhibit fee; All Spinal Arachnoditis Survivors registered receive Project Benefits for FREE since the project began.
Pending Adequate Funding, the YEAR 4 Survivors Art Exhibit will be FREE and open to the public after June 1, 2018. Tentative location: Alfred, NY. Actual Date, time, location TBA.


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Britain's motor show 'Top Gear' returns with new line-up
May 26, 2016 | By Reuters
British television presenter Evans arrives to present Brit Awards at Earls Court Arena in London
LONDON (Reuters) – British motoring show "Top Gear" roars back onto television screens this weekend with a new line-up of presenters taking over one of the BBC's most successful programs.
The show, watched around the world, has British television and radio presenter Chris Evans and former "Friends" star Matt LeBlanc as the new co-hosts, replacing Jeremy Clarkson who was dropped by the BBC last year after he hit and verbally abused a producer.
Clarkson and his two former "Top Gear" co-presenters are now working on a new motoring show for Amazon.
"The wait is over, the long, long wait … It's been longer for us than it has for anybody else," Evans said in a video release to mark the show's launch on Wednesday.
"You're going to see … amazing cars in exotic, exciting and bizarre locations."
Putting those cars to the test alongside Evans and LeBlanc will be German racer Sabine Schmitz and motoring journalist Rory Reid among others.
"Top Gear" has been known to court controversy over the years and the show has offended Argentines, Mexicans and truck drivers among others in the past.
The new series, whose first episode airs on Sunday, made headlines in March when Evans apologized for a car stunt filmed near the Cenotaph war memorial in London, which was criticized for showing a lack of respect.
(Writing By Marie-Louise Gumuchian; Editing by Hugh Lawson)
Heroic Utah Sergeant Punches Through Ice, Rescues Helpless Boy in Frozen Pond
The Best Cities to Visit on Your Next Vacation
Suspected Orlando shooter was known to FBI: FOX News
A year later, Charleston families still reeling from church shooting
Jodie Foster mines human impact of financial risk in 'Money Monster'
Queen: Freddie Mercury's Inspiring and Tragic Life
Senate Democrats push for new gun control measures
Virtual reality films comes to Cannes, Spielberg sounds warning
Find Out Why This Burger is So Expensive
NASA's Juno Probe Captured These Never-Before-Seen Images of Jupiter


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New Cavalier Closet fills vital need
Chris Balusik
CHILLICOTHE – It's much like the pantry you may have at home, stocked with cleaning supplies, canned goods and personal hygiene items.
This room near the main entrance to Chillicothe High School, however, has a special designation – the Cavalier Closet – and it provides an anonymous lifeline of supplies for students' families in the district who may struggle to purchase enough at the store for themselves.
"My organization, Five Loaves, was approached by the United Way of Ross County, Traci Harris specifically, and the Hunger Coalition about heading this up as a special project specifically for CHS because such a large percentage of our students are under the poverty level," said Sarah Hawthorne, the high school guidance counselor who helps coordinate the Closet. "A lot of times we know those students and families go without the most basic items, so Five Loaves and lots of community support and Tabitha (Muse, of the Ross County Continuum of Care) and everybody has gotten on board with supporting it.
"It's very much self-sustaining. We had originally been concerned about how on earth we were going to be able to provide such a consistent service for those students financially, and thankfully with community support, we've been able to do that."
There are no income requirements and the service is set up to be very discreet so as to not make anybody feel funny about visiting the Closet. Students can just stop by during or immediately after the school day, grab a bag and go in to get the items they need.
There's plenty to choose from. The shelves on a recent weekday were well-stocked with laundry detergent, toothpaste, toilet paper, canned foods, blankets, personal hygiene kits and school supplies. Moving among them getting the shelves organized were CHS seniors Maggie McCorkle and Reagan Taylor, who Hawthorne said are passionate about helping both by keeping the pantry organized and by filling boxes with items that families in need could pick up over the holidays when school is closed.
"Honestly, the two of us really just like organizing and we kind of let a little of our (obsessive compulsive disorder) come out when we get to organize things and put it out where it's need," McCorkle said, laughing. "… It's nice to put everything in and give them everything they need and see what the school needs to restock on."
Taylor agreed.
"I just love that it helps people a lot and I love organizing," she said. "I love making the little care boxes that we make."
When some portion of the Closet's inventory gets in short supply, a notice will usually be sent out via the Five Loaves Facebook page asking for help replenishing it. Those interested in helping out are asked to contact the Chillicothe High School main office or guidance office.
Muse, whose efforts with Continuum of Care deal with the homeless population in the county, said programs like the Cavalier Closet are critical for the area.
"It's very important," she said. "It's really important that we educate the kiddos who are here about the resources that are available so that they can choose to utilize them."


//   Precompute performs some calculations that speed up private key operations in the future.
//   Validate performs basic sanity checks on the key.
//   It returns nil if the key is valid, or else an error describing a problem.


The following discussions explain the treatment of gain or loss from the disposition of an interest in a partnership.
A loss incurred from the abandonment or worthlessness of a partnership interest is an ordinary loss only if both of the following tests are met.
The transaction is not a sale or exchange.
The partner has not received an actual or deemed distribution from the partnership.
If the partner receives even a de minimis actual or deemed distribution, the entire loss generally is a capital loss. However, see Payments for Unrealized Receivables and Inventory Items, later.
For information on how to report an abandonment loss, see the Instructions for Form 4797. See Revenue Ruling 93-80 for more information on determining if a loss incurred on the abandonment or worthlessness of a partnership interest is a capital or an ordinary loss.
Generally, a partnership's basis in its assets is not affected by a transfer of an interest in the partnership, whether by sale or exchange or because of the death of a partner. However, the partnership can elect to make an optional adjustment to basis in the year of transfer.
The sale or exchange of a partner's interest in a partnership usually results in capital gain or loss. However, see Payments for Unrealized Receivables and Inventory Items, later, for certain exceptions. Gain or loss is the difference between the amount realized and the adjusted basis of the partner's interest in the partnership. If the selling partner is relieved of any partnership liabilities, that partner must include the liability relief as part of the amount realized for his or her interest.
Kumar became a limited partner in the ABC Partnership by contributing $10,000 in cash on the formation of the partnership. The adjusted basis of his partnership interest at the end of the current year is $20,000, which includes his $15,000 share of partnership liabilities. The partnership has no unrealized receivables or inventory items. Kumar sells his interest in the partnership for $10,000 in cash. He had been paid his share of the partnership income for the tax year.
Kumar realizes $25,000 from the sale of his partnership interest ($10,000 cash payment + $15,000 liability relief). He reports $5,000 ($25,000 realized − $20,000 basis) as a capital gain.
The facts are the same as in Example 1, except that Kumar withdraws from the partnership when the adjusted basis of his interest in the partnership is zero. He is considered to have received a distribution of $15,000, his relief of liability. He reports a capital gain of $15,000.
A partner who sells a partnership interest at a gain may be able to report the sale on the installment method. For requirements and other information on installment sales, see Pub. 537.
Part of the gain from the installment sale may be allocable to unrealized receivables or inventory items. See Payments for Unrealized Receivables and Inventory Items next. The gain allocable to unrealized receivables and inventory items must be reported in the year of sale. The gain allocable to the other assets can be reported under the installment method.
If a partner receives money or property in exchange for any part of a partnership interest, the amount due to his or her share of the partnership's unrealized receivables or inventory items results in ordinary income or loss. This amount is treated as if it were received for the sale or exchange of property that is not a capital asset.
This treatment applies to the unrealized receivables part of payments to a retiring partner or successor in interest of a deceased partner only if that part is not treated as paid in exchange for partnership property. See Liquidation at Partner's Retirement or Death, later.
Unrealized receivables include any rights to payment not already included in income for the following items.
Goods delivered or to be delivered to the extent the payment would be treated as received for property other than a capital asset.
Services rendered or to be rendered.
These rights must have arisen under a contract or agreement that existed at the time of sale or distribution, even though the partnership may not be able to enforce payment until a later date. For example, unrealized receivables include accounts receivable of a cash method partnership and rights to payment for work or goods begun but incomplete at the time of the sale or distribution of the partner's share.
The basis for any unrealized receivables includes all costs or expenses for the receivables that were paid or accrued but not previously taken into account under the partnership's method of accounting.
Unrealized receivables include potential gain that would be ordinary income if the following partnership property were sold at its fair market value on the date of the payment.
Mining property for which exploration expenses were deducted.
Stock in a domestic international sales corporation (DISC).
Certain farm land for which expenses for soil and water conservation or land clearing were deducted.
Franchises, trademarks, or trade names.
Oil, gas, or geothermal property for which intangible drilling and development costs were deducted.
Stock of certain controlled foreign corporations.
Market discount bonds and short-term obligations.
Property subject to recapture of depreciation under sections 1245 and 1250 of the Internal Revenue Code. Depreciation recapture is discussed in chapter 3 of Pub. 544.
The income or loss realized by a partner upon the sale or exchange of its interest in unrealized receivables and inventory items, discussed below, is the amount that would have been allocated to the partner if the partnership had sold all of its property for cash at fair market value, in a fully taxable transaction, immediately prior to the partner's transfer of interest in the partnership. Any gain or loss recognized that is attributable to the unrealized receivables and inventory items will be ordinary gain or loss.
You are a partner in ABC Partnership. The adjusted basis of your partnership interest at the end of the current year is zero. Your share of potential ordinary income from partnership depreciable property is $5,000. The partnership has no other unrealized receivables or inventory items. You sell your interest in the partnership for $10,000 in cash and you report the entire amount as a gain since your adjusted basis in the partnership is zero. You report as ordinary income your $5,000 share of potential ordinary income from the partnership's depreciable property. The remaining $5,000 gain is a capital gain.
Inventory items are not limited to stock-in-trade of the partnership. They also include the following property.
Property that would properly be included in the partnership's inventory if on hand at the end of the tax year or that is held primarily for sale to customers in the normal course of business.
Property that, if sold or exchanged by the partnership, wouldn't be a capital asset or section 1231 property (real or depreciable business property held more than 1 year). For example, accounts receivable acquired for services or from the sale of inventory and unrealized receivables are inventory items.
Property held by the partnership that would be considered inventory if held by the partner selling the partnership interest or receiving the distribution.
If a partner exchanges a partnership interest attributable to unrealized receivables or inventory for money or property, he or she must notify the partnership in writing. This must be done within 30 days of the transaction or, if earlier, by January 15 of the calendar year following the calendar year of the exchange. A partner may be subject to a $50 penalty for each failure to notify the partnership about such a transaction, unless the failure was due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect.
When a partnership is notified of an exchange of partnership interests involving unrealized receivables or inventory items, the partnership must file Form 8308, Report of a Sale or Exchange of Certain Partnership Interests. Form 8308 is filed with Form 1065 for the tax year that includes the last day of the calendar year in which the exchange took place. If notified of an exchange after filing Form 1065, the partnership must file Form 8308 separately, within 30 days of the notification.
On Form 8308, the partnership provides its telephone number and states the date of the exchange and the names, addresses, and taxpayer identification numbers of the partnership filing the return and the transferee and transferor in the exchange. The partnership must provide a copy of Form 8308 (or a written statement with the same information) to each transferee and transferor by the later of January 31 following the end of the calendar year or 30 days after it receives notice of the exchange.
The partnership may be subject to a penalty for each failure to timely file Form 8308 and a penalty for each failure to furnish a copy of Form 8308 to a transferor or transferee, unless the failure is due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect. If the failure is intentional, a higher penalty may be imposed. See Internal Revenue Code sections 6722, 6723, and 6724 for details.
If a partner sells or exchanges any part of an interest in a partnership having unrealized receivables or inventory, he or she must file a statement with his or her tax return for the year in which the sale or exchange occurs. The statement must contain the following information.
The date of the sale or exchange.
The amount of any gain or loss attributable to the unrealized receivables or inventory.
The amount of any gain or loss attributable to capital gain or loss on the sale of the partnership interest.
In general, any gain or loss on a sale or exchange of unrealized receivables or inventory items a partner received in a distribution is an ordinary gain or loss. For this purpose, inventory items do not include real or depreciable business property, even if they are not held more than 1 year.
Oscar, a distributee partner, received his share of accounts receivable when his law firm dissolved. The partnership used the cash method of accounting, so the receivables had a basis of zero. If Oscar later collects the receivables or sells them, the amount he receives will be ordinary income.
If a distributee partner sells inventory items held for more than 5 years after the distribution, the type of gain or loss depends on how they are being used on the date sold. The gain or loss is capital gain or loss if the property is a capital asset in the partner's hands at the time sold.
Marucia receives, through dissolution of her partnership, inventory that has a basis of $19,000. Within 5 years, she sells the inventory for $24,000. The $5,000 gain is taxed as ordinary income. If she had held the inventory for more than 5 years, her gain would have been capital gain, provided the inventory was a capital asset in her hands at the time of sale.
If a distributee partner disposes of unrealized receivables or inventory items in a nonrecognition transaction, ordinary gain or loss treatment applies to a later disposition of any substituted basis property resulting from the transaction.
Payments made by the partnership to a retiring partner or successor in interest of a deceased partner in return for the partner's entire interest in the partnership may have to be allocated between payments in liquidation of the partner's interest in partnership property and other payments. The partnership's payments include an assumption of the partner's share of partnership liabilities treated as a distribution of money.
For income tax purposes, a retiring partner or successor in interest of a deceased partner is treated as a partner until his or her interest in the partnership has been completely liquidated.
Payments made in liquidation of the interest of a retiring or deceased partner in exchange for his or her interest in partnership property are considered a distribution, not a distributive share or guaranteed payment that could give rise to a deduction (or its equivalent) for the partnership.
Payments made for the retiring or deceased partner's share of the partnership's unrealized receivables or goodwill are not treated as made in exchange for partnership property if both of the following tests are met.
Capital is not a material income-producing factor for the partnership. Whether capital is a material income-producing factor is explained in the discussion under Partnership Interests Created by Gift near the beginning of this publication.
The retiring or deceased partner was a general partner in the partnership.
However, this rule doesn't apply to payments for goodwill to the extent that the partnership agreement provides for a reasonable payment to a retiring partner for goodwill.
Unrealized receivables includes, to the extent not previously includible in income under the method of accounting used by the partnership, any rights (contractual or otherwise) to payment for (1) goods delivered, or to be delivered, to the extent the proceeds therefrom would be treated as amounts received from the sale or exchange of property other than a capital asset; or (2) services rendered, or to be rendered.
Generally, the partners' valuation of a partner's interest in partnership property in an arm's-length agreement will be treated as correct. If the valuation reflects only the partner's net interest in the property (total assets less liabilities), it must be adjusted so that both the value of, and the basis for, the partner's interest include the partner's share of partnership liabilities.
Upon the receipt of the distribution, the retiring partner or successor in interest of a deceased partner will recognize gain only to the extent that any money (and marketable securities treated as money) distributed is more than the partner's adjusted basis in the partnership. The partner will recognize a loss only if the distribution is in money, unrealized receivables, and inventory items. No loss is recognized if any other property is received. See Partner's Gain or Loss under Partnership Distributions, earlier.
Payments made by the partnership to a retiring partner or successor in interest of a deceased partner that are not made in exchange for an interest in partnership property are treated as distributive shares of partnership income or guaranteed payments. This rule applies regardless of the time over which the payments are to be made. It applies to payments made for the partner's share of unrealized receivables and goodwill not treated as a distribution.
If the amount is based on partnership income, the payment is taxable as a distributive share of partnership income. The payment retains the same character when reported by the recipient that it would have had if reported by the partnership.
If the amount is not based on partnership income, it is treated as a guaranteed payment. The recipient reports guaranteed payments as ordinary income. For additional information on guaranteed payments, see Transactions Between Partnership and Partners, earlier.
These payments are included in income by the recipient for his or her tax year that includes the end of the partnership tax year for which the payments are a distributive share or in which the partnership is entitled to deduct them as guaranteed payments.
Former partners who continue to make guaranteed periodic payments to satisfy the partnership's liability to a retired partner after the partnership is terminated can deduct the payments as a business expense in the year paid.


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La Revolution? The French Economists Inspiring Warren And Sanders
Democratic candidates Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders have both taken ideas straight from US-based French professors Gabriel Zucman and Emmanuel Saez.
Sanders and Warren at the July 30 debate
CNN/ZUMA Wire
GeopoliticsEconomySourcesLES ECHOSCountriesUnited States
Anaïs Moutot
SAN FRANCISCO — A tall, 250-page stack of papers rises prominently in front of his office window. Sitting on the 6th floor of a large building with a breathtaking view of the San Francisco Bay, Gabriel Zucman has just received the proofs of his next publication, which will be released in the United States on Oct. 15.
Throughout the work, the French economist defends a longstanding conviction: that U.S. fiscal policy, along with that of other Western countries, contributed to the huge rise in inequality that led, ultimately, to the election of Donald Trump. And although the book is titled The Triumph of Injustice, the baby-faced, 30-something maintains a positive outlook.
On the other side of the office, Emmanuel Saez, his co-author and mentor, is putting the finishing touches on the website that will accompany the book and propose various political solutions. "We wanted users to be able to make simulations based on the proposals of American presidential candidates," explains Saez, head of the Center for Equitable Growth at the nearby University of California Berkeley.
Elizabeth Warren, one of the top Democratic presidential contenders, called on the duo to help develop her plan for a tax on millionaires and multinational companies. The key proposal, presented in January, is a 2% tax on assets over $50 million and 3% over $1 billion. Together they could generate $2.7 trillion over 10 years, funds that could then be used to alleviate student debt, provide free preschool, and extend health insurance, among other things.
Three years earlier, the two Frenchies helped influence the fiery discourse of Bernie Sanders. "Our graphic depicting the wealth concentration in the United States was prominently displayed on his website," Zucman recalls.
The Vermont senator's advisors are now working more directly with the duo. Together, they're elaborating a proposed tax of 77% on real estate property of over $1 billion and envision a wealth tax with a base that's "even bigger than Warren's," according to Saez. A sign of the changing times, George Soros and Abigail Disney announced their support in June.
A few years ago the idea of a wealth tax was unimaginable in the United States, as Republicans and Democrats alike were wary of discouraging burgeoning businesses. Donald Trump's election changed the game. Now, all Democratic candidates except for Joe Biden are leaning further to the left.
"Half of the American population, the poorest part, have been watching their revenue stagnate since 1980, before taxes and public transfers," Zucman explains. "During this period, the top 20% of earners saw their incomes explode. Today, many people are tired of this unequal spiral and its oligarchy-like origins."
There is a myopia with American tax history.
The economist could keep talking about inequality for hours. His wife, Claire Montialoux, is a professor specializing in racial inequality. Zucman says that inequality levels in the United States "are as high as in Vladimir Putin's Russia." He points to factors such as the rising cost of education and healthcare, the decline of trade unions, the low minimum wage and, most importantly for the two economists, an anti-tax ideology.
They hope their book will remind the public that the situation isn't unchangeable. "There is a myopia with American tax history. Before Ronald Regan, the United States had the most progressive tax system in the world and inequalities were quite low," Zucman points out. "The marginal income tax rate even rose to 90% after World War II."
The economist sees himself as a child of the 2008 financial crisis. The same day the Lehman Brothers tanked, Zucman began an internship with the broker Exan. The situation fed his rejection of classic economics. "I found it too straight and out of touch with reality," he says. "Right before the crisis, economists were telling us how the world was functioning perfectly!"
Zucman immersed himself in macroeconomics. His thesis, written under the guidance of the esteemed economist Thomas Piketty, showed that 8% of the world's wealth was held offshore, meaning that $200 billion in potential tax revenues were lost every year. He adapted his work into a book, The Hidden Wealth of Nations, which sold 50,000 copies in 18 countries.
His success has put him at the top of the list of the new generation of economists less interested in theory and more keen to be useful, even if they're sometimes accused of activism. Zucman, the child of two physicians, highlights that he's never been part of any party and prefers to compare himself to a plumber or a doctor. "There are problems with the fiscal system, so how can we repair them in the best possible way?," he says.
Warren's proposal only affects 70,000 families, but they have gigantic fortunes.
Now, Zucman and Saez are embarking on an enormous undertaking: tracing the evolution of American assets over a century, a world first in academia. It's a hard task because the American government has no data on household wealth. The two researchers will therefore start with capital revenue (dividends, interest, capital gains, etc.). Their method doesn't rely on supercomputers or AI, but on voluminous Excel charts and long weekends spent in the office.
Although the Federal Reserve published figures close to theirs in 2017, the rehabilitation of a wealth tax is still controversial. While 12 countries had a wealth tax in 1990, today there are only three. France recently did away with its version, replacing it with a tax only on equity. Last year the OECD published a long report on the subject, concluding that wealth taxes aren't the best tool to fight inequality, in terms of either efficiency or equity.
Zucman recognizes that this tax only brought 0.2 GDP points to France and Spain. Crossing his arms, he expounds on the reasons for their failure: Unwillingness to "modernize" them, thresholds that are too low, and a lack of consideration non-liquid assets creating difficult situations for certain owners. He also recognizes that tax competition in the EU complicates the job.
He's convinced, nevertheless, that a wealth tax will work better in the United States. Paradoxically, the low redistributive tax policies of the last 40 years have an advantage: They've created such a concentration of wealth that it's possible to obtain very high revenues from only a small number of households. "Warren's proposal only affects 70,000 families, but they have gigantic fortunes," he notes.
Many doubt the effectiveness of the wealth tax. Clinton's former treasurer estimated that it would only bring 40% of Warren's projection. Zucman counters this by highlighting the safeguards in Warren's program, which doesn't have any tax loopholes, involves tighter controls, an proposes an increase in the "exit tax" to dissuade Americans from giving up their citizenship.
The biggest problem, he says, is the "deceiving, defeatist mentality that the world will not change."
Rozena Crossman
France's top business daily, Les Echos covers domestic and international economic, financial and markets news. Founded in 1908, the newspaper has been the property of French luxury good conglomerate LVMH (Moet Hennessy - Louis Vuitton) since 2007.