Dems Talk… Wait for It… Hillary 2020!
RUSH: I had this story, I've had it I think since late last week and I haven't gotten to it. And I keep seeing it in different spots in the media out there. And the most recent, the Washington Post has a story suggesting that the Democrats are getting ready to revive Hillary as the nominee in 2020. No, no. It's not a joke. In fact, I may have mentioned one of the stories last week about this and was cackling about it.
But the Washington Post, Robert Costa, who used to be at National Review, has a piece here that suggests that Hillary is going to be the candidate in 2020, but she's gonna do it stealthily. She's not going to be as visible as she's been. Let me read you an excerpt.
A 2020 comeback. Why is there 2020? What about the midterms? I thought the midterms were gonna be the next period of glory for the Democrat Party. 2018, the midterms this year, that's where they're gonna win the House back, right? But now we've got a Hillary Clinton comeback. And here is the next paragraph.
"In the first electoral season since the stunning loss that extinguished her years-long drive for the presidency, Clinton, 70, has begun a discreet and low-profile reentry into the political fray." But only the 2018 fray. See, this 2020 business, that's new. Hillary, the story I had last week, the Democrats think that Hillary is a secret weapon to win back the House in 2018. Have you seen that story out there? No, it's there.
So Hillary Clinton's gonna be lurking in the weeds. She's gonna be slinking around out there under the surface, secretly working to energize the Democrat voter base against the nasty, dastardly Republicans this year, and then that is supposed to launch her comeback in 2020. Now, do you think a party with a future would be plotting a course like this? They must really think something happened and she got cheated. They must really think it.
The Kennedy kid doesn't want it. The Kennedy kid was supposed to be the leading light. That's right. Joseph Kennedy III, 34 years old, with the Vaseline drooling. He doesn't want it. He said that he's not interested right now. I don't know if he said "right now" or "ever," but he clearly said, no, no, presidency now, no. Well, Biden's in there too. And, of course, Obama called him out yesterday. Yeah. Well, in a positive way, at the portraiture unveiling. I'm surprised that Biden's not in that portrait, underneath the chair or hiding in the ivy.


text:
Ignacij(e) Brajević (u. Šibenik, 22. svibnja 1942.), hrvatski pripadnik pokreta otpora u Drugome svjetskom ratu.

Bio je po zanimanju težak. Kad su ga osovinske vlasti zatvorile, pretrpio je mučenja u zatvoru. 18. svibnja 1942. iz zatvora u Splitu brodom Ammiraglio Viotti (bivša Topola) u Šibenik odvedeno je na suđenje 66 pripadnika pokreta otpora.  Ujutro 20. svibnja brod je pristao u Šibeniku. Na suđenju pred Specijalnim sudom u Šibeniku, kojim je predsjedavao general Maggiore Vergano, osuđen je sa skupinom pripadnika pokreta otpora, partizana i ilegalaca, među kojima je bio i Rade Končar, na smrt. Brajevića je na smrt osudilo Drugo vijeće. Osuđenu 26-oricu strpali su u pet ćelija. Svećenik je osuđenicima dao papir za pisanje posljednjih pisama svojim najbližima, ali fašističke vlasti zaplijenila su pisma već prije nego što su izašla iz zatvora. Na dana strijeljanja osuđenike na smrt utrpali su u dva kamiona, u svaki po trinaest ljudi. Strijeljan je 1942. u Šibeniku sa skupinom pripadnika komunističkog pokreta otpora u kojoj je bio i Rade Končar. Presuda je izvršena oko 7-7.30 na Šubićevcu. Presudu su izvršili vojnici iz bataljuna Toscana, postrojba iz Zadra. Osuđenici su bili strijeljani u dvjema skupinama po 13 osoba. Izvikivali su parole protiv fašizma, Mussolinija i klicali slobodi. Nakon vojničkog strijeljanja, časnik je svakom strijeljanom osuđeniku pucao iz pištolja u glavu.

U Splitu se je u doba socijalističke Jugoslavije po Ignaciju Brajeviću zvala jedna ulica.

Ime mu je uklesano u Spomen-parku Šubićevcu.

Izvori

Životopisi, Split
Pripadnici pokreta otpora u Drugome svjetskom ratu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Predicting The WrestleMania 35 Card - Get The Table - Who Leaves As A Champion? What Will The Main Event Be? Who Misses Out? Should The Undertaker Have A Match?!
What will the main event be?
Who leaves as a champion?
What matches will be on the pre-show?
Should The Undertaker have a match?!


text:
Fort Myers, Florida Area
COVID-19 Travel UpdatesX
Wildlife and Activities at Delnor-Wiggins Pass State Park
Delnor-Wiggins Pass State Park has a beautiful stretch of sandy beach overlooking the peaceful waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Residents share this tropical paradise with shorebirds, dolphins, pelicans, and other wildlife as well as boaters, keen anglers, and vacationing families.
Photo credit Jennifer Brinkman
The park covers 199 acres of coastal habitat used by shore and wading birds, reptiles, and small mammals. The warm waters hide a reef just offshore sheltering soft corals, mollusks, fish, and crustaceans. As well as being a nesting area for sea turtles, the state park provides a feeding ground for the occasional visiting manatee.
Located on Gulfshore Drive, the park is open daily from 8 a.m. to sunset.
Fishing at Delnor-Wiggins Pass State Park
This Gulf-front state park is popular with anglers and there are designated areas within the park for fishing enthusiasts to cast their lines. The best area for catching trophy fish is at the north end of the park around the actual pass, which is a designated fishing area. You can fish from the shoreline or wade out into the waters of Turkey Bay, but you do need a fishing license from the Florida fish and Wildlife Commission.
Those wanting to fish offshore can launch their boat at Turkey Bay and then enjoy puttering around the estuaries of the Cocohatchee River or sail out into the Gulf of Mexico in search of that prize catch.
Wildlife Activities
The Delnor-Wiggins Pass State Park has an interpretive exhibit for recognizing the shore birds and wildlife you may see during your visit. There is a mile-long hiking nature trail and boardwalk that winds through the undeveloped hammock from the car park to the observation tower.
Rangers offer free guided walking tours every Thursday at 9:30 a.m. so it's worth arriving early and joining in the fun. Most wildlife programs organized within the park are included within your entry fee of $6 per vehicle. Bring binoculars and view the resident ospreys, eagles, owls, and shore birds.
Visitors can also take part in the onsite geocaching treasure hunt using a GPS device. Details can be downloaded from the geocache website.
Swimming and Snorkeling
No swimming is permitted in the Wiggins Pass area due to strong currents, but there is a whole mile of oceanfront from the southern end of the park. You can also snorkel in this area as there is a hard bottom reef running parallel to the shore. The closest place to reach the reef is from parking area 2. It is even suitable for scuba diving in places.
Concessions and Amenities
There are plenty of facilities for visitors to Delnor-Wiggins Pass State Park besides the sand and sea. The park has six parking lots each with restrooms, drinking fountains, picnic tables, and fresh water shower facilities.
There is a picnic pavilion available for rent so you can meet up with friends and celebrate a special event. There is also a concession providing equipment rentals including paddleboards, kayaks, canoes, beach chairs, and umbrellas. Naples Beach Adventures also provide food, drinks and ice cream, so just bring yourself and a towel and everything else is already here for you!
Visit MustDo.com for additional information about Naples beaches and things to do in Naples and Marco Island, Florida.
Written by: Nita Ettinger
Nita Ettinger is Co-publisher for Siesta Publications Inc. and the Editor in Chief for Must Do Visitor Guides. Must Do Visitor Guides provides Southwest Florida visitor information through printed magazines and the website MustDo.com. Must Do magazines are published bi-annually and are available at no cost in Sarasota, Lee, and Collier County Chamber of Commerce, visitor information centers, select Southwest Florida hotels, and wherever free publications can be found.
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Raphael Mechoulam has been studying a plant which most researchers will not touch with a barge pole-Marijuana! Raphael has been studying about Marijuana for a major part of his life.
Raphael as a young, Israeli, postdoctoral student stumbled onto something which puzzled him. He was surprised by the fact that morphine was isolated as the active component from opium while cocaine was isolated from coca leaves. However the component of Marijuana was not known. The young researcher Raphael Mechoulam, is a well known and highly decorated researcher. However the unusual subject of his research created problems 50 year ago when he started his research.
The biggest problem faced by the young scientist was to obtain Marijuana which was a restricted substance and not freely available. Looking at the red tape involved in obtaining the plant legally, the young scientist obtained it illegally. Thankfully, the Israeli government was convinced of his endeavor and did not place any hurdles. Marijuana has more than 480 natural ingredients and these components work best when used together.
Raphael worked at breakneck speed, determining the structure of cannabidiol (CBD) in 1963; isolated delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which was a psychoactive ingredient in marijuana the next year. He and his team continued to isolate more components from marijuana in the following years.
His works led to a better understanding of how the drug worked in the brain. His team isolated the first known endogenous cannabinoid and named it Anandamide which is derived from the Sanskrit word Ananda which means bliss.
Worst Measles Epidemic in 20 Years, is Anti-Vaccination Drive responsible?


text:
De Mandarin is een fictieve superschurk uit de strips van Marvel Comics, en de aartsvijand van Iron Man. Hij verscheen voor het eerst in Tales of Suspense #50 (februari 1964), waarin hij werd bedacht door Stan Lee en Don Heck.

Biografie

Oorsprong
De Mandarins vader was een van de rijkste mensen die beweerde een directe afstammeling te zijn van Genghis Khan. Zijn moeder was een Engelse vrouw. Beide stierven kort na de geboorte van hun zoon, waarna Mandarin door zijn tante werd opgevoed. Zij haatte de wereld, mede doordat ze door haar pasgeboren neefje haar erfdeel misliep, en voedde Mandarin op met deze zelfde haat. Al op jonge leeftijd bleek hij aanleg te hebben voor scheikunde en wetenschap, en gebruikte het fortuin dat hij had geërfd om in China en in het buitenland te studeren. Als volwassene kreeg hij een hoge positie bij de overheid, en werd in heel China bewonderd om zijn administratieve genie. Hij werd in dusdanige mate geïdentificeerd met overheid en macht dat hij alom bekend was als "de Mandarin" (Mandarijnen waren toen de Chinese edellieden en bewindvoerders).

Echter, na de communistische revolutie verloor Mandarin zijn positie en rijkdommen. In een poging alles terug te winnen waagde hij zich in de "Vallei der Geesten", waar al eeuwenlang niemand heen durfde te gaan. Hier vond hij het lichaam en schip van Axonn-Karr, een intelligent draakachtig wezen van de planeet Maklu-4. Hij vond in het schip tien ringen die blijkbaar de krachtbron van het schip waren, en leerde met behulp van de apparatuur van het schip al snel hoe hij deze kon gebruiken. Deze ringen, gecombineerd met zijn intelligentie, maakten hem tot een gevaarlijke tegenstander. Hij gebruikte zijn macht om een klein, maar onaantastbaar rijk te vestigen waar niemand hem kon raken, en was een doorn in het oog van de Chinese overheid.

De Mandarin zag technologie als zijn voornaamste middel om zijn doelen te bereiken. In de loop der jaren probeerde hij geregeld de wapens van verschillende naties tegen hen te keren. Een van die plannen betrof Amerikaanse raketten ontworpen door Tony Stark. Stark, als zijn alter-ego Iron Man, vloog naar China om uit te zoeken wat er mis was, en werd zo al snel de Mandarins voornaamste tegenstander. Driemaal tijdens hun eerste confrontaties slaagde de Mandarin erin zijn aartsvijand gevangen te nemen, maar hij wist hem nooit te doden. Aan de andere kant dwarsboomde Iron Man geregeld de plannen van zijn tegenstander, maar wist hem nooit te arresteren en op te laten sluiten. Tijdens hun vijfde ontmoeting vernietigde Iron Man Mandarins kasteel met een van zijn eigen raketten. Mandarin wist te ontsnappen met zijn teleportatiemachine.

De Mandarin vestigde zich later in de Gobiwoestijn en richtte zijn aandacht een tijdje op de Hulk in de hoop hem tot zijn dienaar te maken. Twee van zijn pogingen de Hulk in zijn macht te krijgen mislukten, inclusief de poging waarbij Mandarin samenwerkte met Sandman. De Hulk vernietigde de Mandarins woestijnbasis. Daarna zette Mandarin een tijdje een basis op in Amerika – waarbij hij onder andere, waarschijnlijk uit nijd, een Hulk-robot gebruikte – maar werd door Iron Man verdreven.

Nieuwe lichamen
Na te zijn teruggekeerd naar China probeerde Mandarin de kracht van zijn ringen te versterken. Hij zette zijn zinnen op het Oog van Yin, een talisman gemaakt door een oude groep Chinese tovenaars. Hij gebruikte de koninklijke familie van de Inhumans om deze talisman te pakken te krijgen. Dit trok de aandacht van de inhuman Black Bolt, die de Mandarin versloeg en hem zijn ringen afnam. Verslagen keerde de Mandarin terug naar de Vallei der Geesten, waar hij in de wrakstukken van het Makluaanse schip een hoofdband vond die de technologie had om de ringen terug te vinden. Met hun kracht herstelde Mandarin zijn paleis in zijn originele staat. Samen met een andere vijand van Iron Man, de Unicorn, reisde hij naar Amerika om Iron Man te verslaan. Maar in de hitte van de strijd ontdekte Mandarin dat de hoofdband zijn bewustzijn had verwisseld met die van Unicorn, waardoor Mandarin nu vastzat in Unicorns stervende lichaam.

Hij keerde terug naar zijn kasteel, maar dat bleek te zijn overgenomen door een andere Chinese superschurk genaamd Yellow Claw. Met de onvrijwillige hulp van de Japanse mutant Sunfire slaagde hij erin zijn eigen lichaam terug te krijgen. Daarna viel hij Yellow Claw aan om zijn kasteel terug te veroveren. Toen Mandarin fataal werd verwond door een van Yellow Claws robots, gebruikte hij de hoofdband om zijn bewustzijn over te brengen op zijn tien ringen. De ringen werden na Mandarins dood gestolen door Yellow Claws handlanger Loc Do. Op het moment dat hij ze omdeed, ging Mandarins bewustzijn over op Loc Do's lichaam, en vervolgens veranderde hij het met behulp van zijn ringen in het evenbeeld van zijn oude lichaam.

Dragon Seed Saga
Toen Stark probeerde een tak van Stark Enterprises op te zetten in Hongkong, kwamen hij en Mandarin weer in conflict. Mandarin was inmiddels, onder het alias Zhang Tong, een financiële leider in Hongkong geworden, en had een aantal overheidsofficials en industriële leiders onder zijn controle. Op deze manier verhinderde hij al Starks pogingen om een bedrijf op te zetten. Hij had inmiddels ook een groep volgelingen genaamd de Hand (niet te verwarren met de ninja-clan de Hand) om zijn vuile werk te doen. Hij hielp Matsu'o Tsurabaya (wél van de Hand) om zijn geliefde Kwannon te redden door haar gedachten te wisselen met die van Psylocke. Hij trainde Psylocke om zijn persoonlijke huurmoordenaar genaamd Lady Mandarin te worden. Na te zijn gered door Wolverine en Jubilee, versloeg Psylocke de Mandarin, waardoor deze de Hand verliet.

Na verloop van tijd ontdekte de Mandarin dat een van zijn ringen de echte niet was. Het bleek dat een van de leden van zijn Hand de ring had verkocht aan Chen Hsu, een kleine Chinese tovenaar woonachtig in San Francisco. Na zijn ring terug te hebben genomen, stortte hij in; slechts dankzij Chen Hsu kwam hij weer tot zichzelf. Nu ontdekte hij dat hij jarenlang `incompleet´ was geweest; daar zijn geest nu (deels) in de ringen verbleef, was hij zonder de ringen zichzelf niet meer. Maar nu was de ware Mandarin teruggekeerd, en Chen Hsu deed hem een bijzonder voorstel: hij zou hem de controle bezorgen over een van de machtigste wapens ter wereld.

Weer in China hield de kleine tovenaar zijn woord door de Mandarin naar de Vallei der Draken te leiden, waar hij de gigantische draak Fin Fang Foom tot zijn dienaar maakte. De draak richtte onder zijn bevel enorme verwoestingen aan onder het Chinese leger, tot de regering een derde van China aan de Mandarin afstond. De Chinese regering riep de hulp van Iron Man in, in ruil voor een neurologische behandeling die misschien het leven van de toen stervende Tony Stark kon redden. Terwijl Fin Fang Foom en Iron Man vochten, onthulde Chen Hsu dat hij, en acht anderen, lang geleden de kapitein en bemanningsleden van het Makluaanse (of ook wel Kakaranatharaanse) schip waren geweest. Hij en de anderen veranderden zichzelf in hun oorspronkelijke gedaanten, draken net als Fin Fang Foom, en eisten de ringen terug van de Mandarin, die ze aanboden te sparen in ruil voor zijn onderwerping.

De Mandarin weigerde, razend van woede, en vocht samen met Iron Man tegen de draken. Ten slotte werden de Makluanen verslagen toen Iron Man zijn krachtbron verbond met de tien ringen. De Mandarin overleefde, maar zijn handen waren vernietigd en de ringen verloren gegaan.

Hart van de Duisternis
In de maanden die volgden genas de Mandarin langzaam. De invloed van de ringen liet zich gelden — zijn handen groeiden terug, zij het als geklauwde, groengeschubde drakenhanden. Aangetrokken door hun psionische "roep" wist hij vervolgens zijn ringen weer op te sporen.

De Mandarin ontdekte vervolgens het "Hart van de Duisternis", een bol van mystieke energie die hij gebruikte om de tijd in China terug te draaien. Iron Man, met zijn team Force Works en War Machine versloeg hem, maar in het gevecht ontdekte Mandarin Iron Man´s ware identiteit. Tony Stark wist met een truc de Mandarin te besmetten met een soort technologie die ongevoelig was voor het magische veld; toen de stervende Mandarin het Hart van de Duisternis aanraakte, ontplofte het. De Mandarin leek bij de ontploffing om te komen, maar in werkelijkheid veranderde het laatste beetje magie van het Hart hem in een conciërge van de Hongkongse tak van Stark Enterprises.

Uiteindelijk keerden Mandarins herinneringen terug. Hij maakte plannen om een enorm vliegend fort genaamd de "Draak des Hemels" te maken waarmee hij Rusland en daarna de wereld kon veroveren. Gedurende die tijd keerde Iron Man weer terug na blijkbaar om te zijn gekomen in het gevecht met Onslaught. Mandarin leek bij zijn laatste strijd met Iron Man om te komen toen zijn Draak des Hemels ontplofte, maar Iron Man was er niet van overtuigd dat zijn vijand echt dood was.

Temugin
De Mandarin verdween voor lange tijd; in zijn plaats werd Iron Man geconfronteerd met Temugin (de geboortenaam van Genghis Khan), de zoon van de Mandarin, die opgevoed is in een klooster. Hij erfde tegen zijn zin de ringen en de missie de dood van zijn vader te wreken. Temugin was ongelooflijk sterk vanwege zijn controle over chi, de levenskracht van alle dingen. Hij bezat eveneens zijn vaders ringen, maar zelfs zonder deze was hij een sterke vijand van Iron Man. Hoewel hij van nature goed was (net als de Mandarin zelf, misschien, zonder zijn opvoeding was geweest) werd hij uiteindelijk door de invloed van de ringen gecorrumpeerd, en lijkt nu te zijn omgekomen onder onbekende omstandigheden.

Tem Borjigin
Recentelijk stelde een onbekende belangengroep een onderzoek in naar de tien ringen, die ze een voor een wisten op te sporen (het is nog steeds niet bekend onder welke omstandigheden ze weer verspreid zijn geraakt). Ten slotte vond dezelfde belangengroep in een Chinees krankzinnigengesticht een oude man, die al jarenlang alleen in een cel zat, geketend, onbeweeglijk in trance, zonder te eten, zonder te drinken. Na enige overreding nam hij zijn oude naam en rol weer aan... maar omdat zijn handen waren verdwenen, liet hij de ringen, gloeiendheet verhit, in zijn lichaam implanteren.

Na een wrede wraakactie op Tony Stark, die het leven kostte aan Sal Kennedy (een van zijn oudste vrienden) en talloze SHIELD-agenten, installeerde de Mandarin, nu blijkbaar met kunsthanden, zich als het hoofd van de Prometheus-organisatie onder de naam Tem Borjigin (de familienaam van Genghis Khan).

Krachten en vaardigheden
De Mandarin is een van de grootste genieën uit het Marvel Universum. Hij is volkomen ingewijd in de Makluaanse wetenschap, die de Aardse verre vooruit is. Hij heeft van nature geen superkrachten, maar is een meester atleet en zeer ervaren vechter. Zelfs zonder technische hulpmiddelen kan hij hout, betonblokken en zelfs zacht staal splijten met zijn handen. Als hij zichzelf met een krachtveld omgeeft, kan hij zelfs Iron Mans harnas met zijn handen beschadigen.

De belangrijkste wapens van de Mandarin zijn de 10 ringen die hij altijd draagt. De werking van deze ringen kan niet volgens Aardse wetenschap worden verklaard, maar bekend is dat als onuitputtelijke energiebron dienden van het ruimteschip van Axonn-Karr. De Mandarin ontdekte hoe hij deze ringen mentaal kon gebruiken. De 10 ringen, geordend per vinger waar hij de ring om draagt, en hun functies zijn:

Linkerpink — "IJsstraal," waarmee hij vijanden kan bevriezen en ijsmuren kan opwerpen. Deze ring heeft een paarse diamant.
Linkerringvinger — "Mentale Versterker," versterkt de mentale kracht van de Mandarin, waardoor hij de gedachten van anderen kan beheersen. Deze ring is bezet met een blauwe diamant
Linkermiddelvinger — "Electro-Straal," vuurt krachtige bliksemachtige bollen af. Deze ring heeft een groene diamant.
Linkerwijsvinger; "Vuurstraal," een vlammenwerperachtig wapen. De ring 'Vuurstraal' heeft een roze diamant.
Linkerduim — "Wit Licht," een laserstraal. Deze ring heeft een goudkleurige diamant.
Rechterduim — "Materie-Herschikker," hiermee kan Mandarin de atomen en moleculen van een substantie kan hervormen. Hij gebruikt dit vooral om de aggregatietoestand van voorwerpen aan te passen, zoals iets gasvormigs vloeibaar maken. Deze ring is met een paarse diamant bezet.
Rechterwijsvinger — "Impact-straal," een straal van zwaartekracht- of kinetische energie. Deze ring is bezet met een roze diamant.
Rechtermiddelvinger — "Vortex-straal," stelt Mandarin in staat om wind- en luchtstromen te beheersen, voornamelijk in de vorm van draaikolken, en zo te vliegen. Op deze ring zit een groene diamant.
Rechterringvinger — "Desintegrator" die materie uiteen laat vallen; in tegenstelling tot de andere ringen moet deze na een schot 20 minuten herladen. Deze ring heeft een goudkleurige diamant.
Rechterpink — "Zwart Licht," kan voorwerpen en plaatsen in totale duisternis hullen. Deze ring heeft een blauwe diamant.

Over de jaren heeft de Mandarin een sterke psionische link met de ringen ontwikkeld, vooral toen hij zijn bewustzijn over bracht op de ringen. Een resultaat hiervan is dat alleen de Mandarin de ringen kan commanderen. Hij kan ze zelfs bevelen als hij ze niet draagt, ook al is de ring ver van hem verwijderd. Hij kan ook mentaal "zien" wat er in de directe omgeving van een ring gebeurt. De continue blootstelling aan de ringen heeft zijn handen echter groen en geschubd gemaakt.

Mandarin in andere media

Marvel Cinematic Universe
Sinds 2021 verschijnt de Mandarin in het Marvel Cinematic Universe waarin hij werd vertolkt door Tony Leung. Lange tijd werd gedacht dat de Mandarin de antagonist zou worden in de Live-action Iron Man-film uit 2008, maar uiteindelijk werd de antagonist voor de film Obadiah Stane. Wel bevat de film enkele referenties naar de Mandarin in de vorm van een terroristische organisatie die zich de "Ten Rings" (10 ringen) noemt. Later verschenen enkele referenties naar de Ten Rings in de films: Iron Man 2 uit 2010 en Ant-Man uit 2015. Een neppe Mandarin werd gespeeld door Ben Kingsley in de film Iron Man 3 uit 2013. In deze film is de Mandarin geen Aziatisch maar een Brits personage, en hebben zijn ringen geen bovennatuurlijke krachten. Deze neppe Mandarin bleek een acteur genaamd Trevor Slattery te zijn. Het personage Aldrich Killian, gespeeld door Guy Pearce, huurde deze acteur in om de Mandarin en de Ten Rings na te doen en angst te zaaien waarna hij zichzelf te 'ware' Mandarin noemde. Trevor Slattery werd ontvoerd vanuit de gevangenis in de Verenigde Staten naar een gevangenis van de daadwerkelijk echte leider van de Ten Rings genaamd Xu Wenwu. Xu Wenwu is de meest accurate versie van de Mandarin vergeleken met de comics. De Mandarin komt onder andere voor in de volgende films:

 Iron Man 3 (2013)
 Marvel One-Shot All Hail the King (2014)
 Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (2021)

Televisie
De Mandarin was de hoofdvijand in de kortlopende animatieserie Iron Man uit 1994. Zijn stem werd hierin gedaan door Ed Gilbert en Robert Ito. In de serie was hij een archeoloog die een oude catacombe ontdekte waarin een buitenaards schip lag. Hier vond hij tien edelstenen met unieke krachten. Helaas werd zijn groep aangevallen door woestijnrovers, die iedereen ombrachten, inclusief Mandarins verloofde. Het enige wat ze achter lieten waren de ringen van Mandarins verloofde. De Mandarin gebruikte deze om de juwelen in te stoppen en bij zich te dragen.De Mandarin in de serie is meer aangetast door de ringen dan zijn stripversie. Zo gaven ze hem puntige oren, klauwachtige nagels en een groene huid. In het tweede seizoen van de serie waren zijn ringen van hem gestolen en over de wereld verspreid. Aan het eind van de serie vond hij ze terug en bevocht Iron Man nog eenmaal. In de serie hadden de ringen niet elk hun eigen kracht.
In Iron Man: Armored Adventures is de Mandarin eveneens een van de primarie antagonisten. Hierin geven zijn ringen hem ook een harnas. De tien ringen en de bijbehorende titel van "mandarin" zijn in deze serie in de loop der eeuwen al door meerdere mensen gebruikt, maar de ringen zijn nu verspreid over de wereld en worden bewaakt door verschillende wachters waaronder Fin Fang Foom. Een groot deel van de serie is de Mandarin dan ook bezig deze ringen te verzamelen.

Film
De Mandarin is de hoofdvijand in de animatiefilm The Invincible Iron Man uit 2007. Zijn stem werd gedaan door Fred Tatasciore. In de film is de Mandarin niet een hedendaagse man, maar de geest van een oude Chinese keizer.

Videospellen
De Mandarin verscheen als een eindbaas in het arcadespel Captain America and the Avengers uit 1991.
De Mandarin is een van de superschurken uit het videospel Marvel: Ultimate Alliance. Hierin heeft hij zich aangesloten bij Dr. Dooms Masters of Evil, maar werd eruit gegooid nadat hij probeerde de macht te grijpen in de groep.

Superschurk uit Marvel Comics
Mutant uit Marvel Comics


The Hawkes Bay Hospital in located in Hastings on Omahu Road.
The Hawkes Bay Regional Hospital is the main public health facility in the region. It serves residents from Napier, Hastings, Havelock North and the surrounding towns. The Hospital offers the full complement of health services from emergency to Radiology.


WHEN Brookside featured a character with literacy problems, it struck a chord with thousands of Channel 4 viewers.
The programme then told people who wanted help with literacy to ring a helpline called Learning Direct and ask for "Brookie Basics". Thousands called the helpline and 11,000 were referred to taster courses.
When the BBC ran its Webwise campaign last month, 13,000 people phoned Learning Direct to find out about the Internet.
The helpline, part of the University for Industry, is already meeting hidden needs, stimulating demand, widening access and increasing participation - a vital plank in Government plans to promote lifelong learning.
The university, with its network of centres and new learning products, is due to launch nationally in autumn 2000.
Learning Direct went live last February. Demand is already outstripping expectations: nearly a quarter of a million calls have been taken.
Independent evaluation shows the service is already getting results. Six months after calling Learning Direct, 57 per cent of callers were on a course; 97 per cent of those interviewed four weeks after calling said the staff dispensing information and advice were friendly, easy to listen to and helpful.


The Animal Science Department at Iowa State University invites you to become familiar with our diverse programs in the animal sciences. Our departmental programs integrate science, practice, and innovation to serve the immediate needs of animal industries. Moreover, our faculty direct programs that provide new knowledge and information to confront the challenges in the future.


The book is a memoir. It is neither a history of Iran, nor an overview of the Pahlavi Dynasty. It is not a work of political science although the author includes his interactions with the Pahlavi family during the seven years he worked as the personal cinematographer to the Shah. The author also writes about his childhood in Iran, late teen years spend in the mysterious desert, and then his adventures in New York City as well as around the world. The book contains the author's insights and reflections, as well as the impressions of the people and places he encountered and which so greatly impacted his own life and his career as a cinematographer during which he filmed 20 world leaders, including Queen Elizabeth, Charles de Gaulle and President Eisenhower.


First rule during a dog fight: keep your hands to yourself. Or if you're going to put your hands in the way, make sure they're nowhere near teeth. You will get hurt. Breaking up a dog fight can be difficult and dangerous, but never impossible.
Here are four methods that will allow you to stop the fight without having to get in the middle of it.
Lift From Behind - Get behind your own dog, grab him by the legs and lift and twist. This will make the dog fall on his back. Only do this if another person is doing the same to the other dog involved in the fight. Otherwise, all you're doing is exposing your dog's neck and chest to the other dog, and this could lead to a lot of damage and pain. Don't try this with dogs you don't know. Also, don't remain still in one position once the dog is on his back. Move and slide your dog slowly -- and gently -- on the ground until he calms down or until the other dog is out of reach.
Sour Spray - Fill a bottle with vinegar and spread it near the dogs' faces. Not on the face, where it can burn the eyes -- unless you think the fight is about to get your dog killed, in which case, spray the other dog directly on the eyes. The strong smell should be enough to distract the dogs momentarily so you can grab yours. Again, somebody else needs to grab the other one, or you're just making the attack easier for the other dog. Carry the bottle with you when you go out or around the house if the fights happen right at home.
Blast of Water - Try a water hose in full blast if nothing else is available. Aim it directly at the dogs' faces. Water in the ears and eyes is very annoying, so aim for those areas. This might not work with breeds that bite and lock their jaws into the bite --such as pit bulls -- but if you have no other option, it's worth a try.
Extinguish the Aggression - Use a fire extinguisher if you have one handy. Aim it at their faces and go at it full blast. The mix of air burst, wetness and lack of visibility will distract the dogs enough for you to grab your own dog and take off as fast as possible.
WARNING: Don't scream or panic. It only adds to the chaos of the situation and it can make things even worse.


text:
Note: Previous sections of this site have focused on alleviating acute societal stress, which otherwise has a tendency to erupt as crime and social conflict. In addition to this approach, wherever possible, we must strive to mitigate the stressors themselves—i.e., to address and alleviate the sources of acute societal stress, such as poverty, social and economic inequality, dislocation, and other well-known contributors. Less widely known is the potential for climate change to exacerbate and compound these societal stressors, thereby intensifying the threat of conflict. Dr. R.K. Pachauri, world authority on climate change, under whose leadership the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007, has offered this summary of the potential impacts of climate change on global conflict. These impacts provide strong motivation for decisive, preventive action. — John Hagelin, President
Climate Change and Global Conflict
R.K. Pachauri, Ph.D.
Chair, Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change, 2002-2015
Executive Vice Chairman,
Numerous statistical studies have demonstrated the potentially large impact of climate variability on human conflict [1]. Climate change has the potential to significantly increase the risk of violent conflict by amplifying well-documented drivers of these conflicts, such as competition for resources and the hunger and economic shocks resulting from greater poverty.
Analysis of the actions of states and security institutions confirms that many states view current and anticipated climate changes as contributing to geopolitical concerns (Dabelko, 2009; Smith, 2011). The willingness of states to share resources and their ability to provide human security are challenged by climate change impacts. These impacts can create contested claims to territory on land and at sea and, in extreme cases, can threaten the territorial integrity or viability of states (Barnett and Campbell, 2010; Houghton et al., 2010; Yamamoto and Esteban, 2010) [2].
It is worth noting that extreme events are frequently accompanied by conflict. When Hurricane Katrina devastated the city of New Orleans, conflict broke out spontaneously. Although a scientific assessment on a definitive basis is yet to be made, several commentators have linked the conflicts in Sudan and in Syria to prolonged drought, erratic weather patterns and other manifestations of climate change. Climate variability or climate change is also reported to be a significant cause of the mass killing in the Darfur region that began in 2003 [3].
The Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has assessed projected impacts of climate change, and has highlighted the potential drivers of conflict resulting from human induced climate change. There are five "Reasons For Concern" that have been identified in the AR5, and each one of these could have direct impacts on human society, possibly leading to conflict. These include: (1) Unique and threatened systems; (2) Extreme weather events; (3) Distribution of impacts, which vary across the globe; (4) Global aggregate impacts, such as sea level rise; and (5) Large-scale singular events.
Climate change will exacerbate risks and in turn further entrench poverty (very high confidence). The well-known and highly referenced Wheeler data set (2011) analyzes climate risk and coping ability by country. Future increases in the frequency of extreme events are overlaid with considerable poverty. Of the 20 countries and regions most at risk, seven are low-income countries (LICs), eight are low-middle-income countries (LMICs), four are upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), and one is a high-income country (HIC) [4].
For example, the Synthesis Report (SYR) of the AR5 states that climate change is projected to increase displacement of people. Populations that lack the resources for planned migration (e.g., in developing countries with low income) experience higher exposure to extreme weather events, such as flood and droughts. Changes in migration patterns can be responses to both extreme weather events and longer-term climate variability and change.
The segments of the global population that have experienced water scarcity or been subject to major river floods are projected to increase with the level of warming in the 21st century. Climate change over the 21st century is projected to reduce renewable surface water and groundwater resources in most dry subtropical regions, intensifying competition for water among sectors. In presently dry regions, the frequency of droughts will likely increase by the end of the 21st century.
Moreover, all aspects of food security are potentially affected by climate change, including food production, access, use, and price stability. For wheat, rice, and maize in tropical and temperate regions, climate change without adaptation is projected to negatively impact production at local temperature increases of 2°C or more above late 20th century levels.
Until mid-century, projected climate change will impact human health mainly by exacerbating health problems that already exist. The advance and increase of mosquito-borne diseases in several parts of the world is clearly the result of climate change, among other factors. Other health impacts include greater likelihood of injury and death due to more intense heat waves and fires, increased risks from foodborne and waterborne diseases and loss of work capacity and reduced labor productivity in vulnerable populations. Risks of undernutrition in poor regions will increase. Risks from vector-borne diseases are projected to generally increase with warming, due to the extension of the infection area and season, despite reductions in some areas that become too hot for disease vectors.
All of these changes and their impacts raise the potential for conflict at the subnational as well as the international levels. Unless climate change is adequately addressed and substantially mitigated, the magnitude and severity of these negative impacts are expected to increase significantly in the coming decades.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), Working Group II (WGII), Climate Change 2014–Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects, 19.4.2.2–Risk of Conflict and Insecurity, 1061.
IPCC AR5 WG II, Climate Change 2014–Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects, 12.6.2–Geopolitical Issues, 775.
IPCC AR5 WG II, Climate Change 2014–Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects, Box 12-5–Climate and the Multiple Causes of Conflict in Darfur, 773.
IPCC AR5 WG II, Climate Change 2014–Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects, 13.2.2.1–Projected Risks and Impacts by Geographic Region, 810.


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Corn Potato Duo (two-thirds of the Corn Potato String Band), from Detroit, are playing what is sure to be the first of many houseconcerts in our new home!
Aaron Jonah Lewis is a multi-instrumentalist, performer and educator. He has won awards at the Clifftop Appalachian String Band Festival, including First Place Neotraditional Band in 2008, and at the Galax Old Fiddlers Convention, including First Place Bluegrass Fiddle in 2007, and he has performed at major festivals from the US to the UK and from Italy to Finland. Lewis has appeared on dozens of recordings from bluegrass and old time to swing jazz, modern experimental and Turkish classical music projects. He has taught workshops at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in Glasgow and at the English Folk Dance and Song Society in London.
Ben Belcher is an accomplished banjo player and a talented artist. He has distinguished himself with such awards as the Independent Music World Series, which he won with The Hot Seats in Nashville, TN, in 2006, First Place Neotraditional Band at the Appalachian String Band Festival in 2008 and a Herald Angel award at the 2009 Edinburgh Fringe. Belcher has toured extensively in the US and in Europe and the UK since 2001. He has been a regular at the Edinburgh Fringe with The Hot Seats and recently appeared at the Shetland Folk Festival. He also plays guitar and fiddle.


text:
Bipartisan lawmakers meet to craft fix for 'Dreamers'
Credit: Architect of the Capitol(WASHINGTON) — Building off momentum from a bipartisan meeting hosted by President Trump, lawmakers are racing to craft a plan to protect so-called 'Dreamers' — but Democrats and Republicans are still far apart on how to fix the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program.
In a news conference Wednesday, the president likely made that negotiation even harder — by insisting again that any immigration deal must include funding for a border wall.
"We need the wall," he said. "Any solution has to include the wall because without the wall, it all doesn't work."
The president's comments came as congressional leaders huddled at the Capitol to discuss immigration reform. House Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy, House Minority Whip Steny Hoyer, Senate Majority Whip John Cornyn and Senate Minority Whip Dick Durbin attended the meeting. Cornyn told reporters lawmakers have made enough progress in negotiations to potentially announce the framework of an immigration deal by the end of next week.
Democrats want DACA protections to be tied to a spending deal as government funding is set to expire on January 19th, but Republicans insist it won't be part of a spending bill.
House Republicans have introduced their own proposal, the first piece of legislation to emerge following the president's meeting with lawmakers. The measure from Reps. Michael McCaul, R-Texas, Bob Goodlatte, R-Virginia, Raul Labrador, R-Idaho, and Martha McSally, R-Arizona, dubbed the Securing America's Future Act, would pair border security funding with stricter enforcement of immigration laws.
For DACA recipients, the Republican measure would allow provide recipients temporary legal status that would require renewal every three years. That status would allow them to work and travel overseas freely, but would require them to "make use of existing paths to green cards," according to a summary of the legislation. The measure would also end the diversity visa program and terminate the process that allows citizens and green-cards holders to sponsor family members for immigration – which Republicans refer to as chain migration – by allowing only those groups to sponsor spouses and minor children.
The Senate is taking a more bipartisan approach with a so-called "gang of six" – Senators Michelle Bennet, D-Colo., Dick Durbin, D-Ill., Jeff Flake, R-Ariz., Cory Gardner, R-Colo., Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., Bob Menendez, D-N.J. – meeting Wednesday.
"Well, I just know that we can't wait for the House to actually draft a bill and move it in that process," Flake said. "It's gotta start in the Senate and we'll see where it goes in the House."
As lawmakers work to find a solution, a federal judge in San Francisco Tuesday night temporarily blocked the administration from ending the DACA program, which applies to roughly 800,000 undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children. The administration announced the drawdown of the program in September, saying it would be phased out by March.
The ruling from U.S. District Judge William Alsup said the administration must resume receiving DACA renewal applications for existing enrollees while lawsuits play out in court.
"The ruling last night in no way diminishes the urgency of solving the DACA issue," Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said.
The president reacted to the case by calling the court system "broken and unfair."
White House Press Secretary Sarah Sanders called the ruling "outrageous" and said the issue should "go through the normal legislative process."
While some lawmakers are eyeing a bipartisan deal, President Trump has acknowledged the political landmines that might exist, especially if they turn to comprehensive immigration reform.
"If we do this properly, DACA, you're not so far away from comprehensive immigration reform," the president said Tuesday. "If you want to take it that further step, I'll take the heat, I don't care."
Prominent conservatives have already criticized the president for his immigration comments.


This position coordinates & completes the day to day administrative & technical activities involved in a single complex, large, nationwide or multiple moderately complex concurrent biomedical &/or social-behavioral research study(ies) involving multiple sites& /or longitudinal assessments/ interventions. The Senior Research Study Coordinator ensures that all activities are completed by strictly following Good Clinical Practices (GCP) & all relevant current local, state, & federal laws, regulations, guidance, policy & procedure developed by the NU Institutional Review Board (IRB), Food & Drug Administration (FDA) Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), & the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH).
Collects, compiles, tabulates &/or process responses.
Monitors & maintains systems for effective participant and data flow for studies.
Manages study databases which may include ensuring that data is collected & entered correctly.
Creates computer models, graphs, reports & summaries for use in publications, professional journals, & grant applications.
Creates & maintains study manuals regarding operating, safety, and etc.
Creates lab financial plan & budget/audit expenses.
Reviews & adjusts expenses to decrease costs.
Administers budget including negotiating with grant sponsors.
High proficiency with Microsoft Office, and overall technical aptitude.
General understanding of accounting principles, experience with budgeting and financial management.
Plans, organizes, and schedules in an efficient, productive manner; anticipates contingencies and pays attention to detail.
Facilitates open and effective communication, cooperation, and teamwork within and outside of one's team.
Ability to work independently and on a self-directed basis.
Experience with human subject's research, protected health information (PHI), and institutional review boards (IRB).
Experience interacting professionally with patients, medical practices, and/or providers.
Clinical, healthcare, or public health background.


Your body makes an amino acid called L-carnitine in the liver and kidneys and uses it to turn fat into energy. Normally your body can make all the L-carnitine it needs, but some cardiac or vascular diseases can cause low levels of L-carnitine in the body. Your body may not be able to make enough L-carnitine or can't transport it into the tissue where it's used. Consult a health-care professional before you take L-carnitine supplements.
L-carnitine acts as an antioxidant, a substance that counteracts harmful particles in the body called free radicals. Free radicals – caused by normal aging, exposure to pollutants and toxins – can cause damage to your body cells. L-carnitine is used for a number of cardiac diseases such as heart failure and angina, or chest pain, as well as peripheral vascular disease and diabetic neuropathy. It may also be used in kidney disease, Alzheimer's disease and for male impotence.
L-carnitine is found in a number of foods, including red meat, dairy products, fish, poultry, wheat, asparagus, avocados and peanut butter. It's also available in supplement form. The recommended dose is usually 1 to 3 grams a day, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Side effects of L-carnitine are usually mild. Doses above 5 grams a day may cause diarrhea, and occasionally you'll have increased appetite, body odor or a rash.
High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a potentially serious medical condition that can cause heart failure or stroke if untreated. Medical treatment for hypertension usually includes lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise and may also include medications. Many medications are used to treat hypertension and they work in different ways. Diuretics lower blood pressure by decreasing the amount of fluid in the body. Other drugs dilate your blood vessels or change the body chemistry. L-carnitine may also decrease your blood pressure.
In a study in the June 2010 issue of "Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry," L-carnitine significantly reduced blood pressure in hypertensive rats. A study reported in the February 2010 issue of the Asian journal "Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi" found patients with pulmonary hypertension had a significant reduction in blood pressure and improved exercise tolerance when given L-carnitine intravenously. Research reported in the September 2009 issue of "Hypertension" found 1 gram of L-carnitine given twice a day decreased blood pressure in patients with increased cardiovascular risk.
Although L-carnitine has relatively few side effects, it can lower your blood pressure. If you're also taking an anti-hypertensive medication, the addition of L-carnitine could lower your blood pressure too much. Consult a health care professional before you start to take L-carnitine, especially if you're already taking high blood pressure medication.


text:
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module.exports = {
    attributes: require('./attributes'),
    supplyDefaults: require('./defaults'),
    colorbar: require('../heatmap/colorbar'),

    calc: require('../heatmap/calc'),
    plot: require('./convert'),

    moduleType: 'trace',
    name: 'heatmapgl',
    basePlotModule: require('../../plots/gl2d'),
    categories: ['gl', 'gl2d', '2dMap'],
    meta: {
        description: [
            'WebGL version of the heatmap trace type.'
        ].join(' ')
    }
};


text:
Out of Sight Cover Reveal with Melissa Klein
by Book Review Virginia Lee Blog on March 20, 2017 in Cover Reveal, Uncategorized • 0 Comments
Title: Out of Sight
Author: Melissa Klein
Genre: Contemporary, Military Romance
Publisher: The Wild Rose Press
Editor: Melanie Billings
Hosted by: Lady Amber's Reviews & PR
After a brutal attack leaves Mia Jones with a traumatic brain injury, she learns the key to discovering her attacker's identity lies within her damaged brain. As she battles to recover from her injuries, she finds it's not her fiancé by her side but her foster brother, Hank. When navy pilot, Hank Taggart ditches his plane in the sea, he thinks the worst has happened—until he returns home to learn Mia, the closest thing he's ever had to family, is in ICU. While struggling to accept the end of a career that defines him and battling his own medical diagnosis, he must also suppress his newfound feelings for Mia.
Tag line: With Hank rejecting her love at every turn and the bad guys upping the stakes, Mia wonders, which fate is worse: falling into the hands of her enemy or losing the man she loves.
Melissa Klein writes contemporary romance about everyday heroes fighting extraordinary battles. Whether facing the demands of caring for a child with special needs or the struggles of a soldier returning home, her characters take on the challenges life throws at them with perseverance, courage, and humor. She lives in Atlanta with her family.
Website: http://www.melissakleinromance.com/
Newsletter signup: http://www.melissakleinromance.com/signup.htm
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Melissa.Klein.Romance
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Klein_klein344
Goodreads: https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/7393005.Melissa_Klein
Amazon: http://amzn.to/2gPFzCB
Out of Bounds: http://amzn.to/2gq5dRJ
"What do the doctors say about your long-term prognosis?"
Mia shrugged. "Too. Soon." After a moment she added, "They're being optimistic. So. I. Don't. Give. Up."
Hank couldn't image her doing that. Even now, looking like she'd gone twenty rounds with Mike Tyson, she acted ready to take on the world. "You've been through so much, angel. It just isn't fair."
She barked a laugh. "Haven't. You. Heard? Life. Not. Fair."
"But you've had more than your share of trouble."
"Everything happens—for a reason." She let out a breath. "Mrs. Brooks says. 'God doesn't. Give. More. Than. We. Can. Bear.'"
Never a particularly religious man, he especially didn't like when a person tried to shove their beliefs on to others. From what he knew about the formidable Mrs. Brooks, the woman from a privileged background hadn't had much in her life to put her theory to the test. "If that's true, then God must think you're a badass."
Mia covered her smile with one hand while she smacked him on the leg with the other. "You're. Naughty."
"No," he said, teasing back. "I'm just telling it like I see it. You've been through a helluva lot and you deserve a break."
"We both do." Her smile faded. "Both. Of. Us. Have." "Why. You. Should. Date. Be happy."
She'd found her Prince Charming in Charles Brooks III. As much as he loathed the too-slick, Gone With the Wind throwback, he wouldn't stand in her way if Tripp made her happy.
Tags:#Bookreviewvirginialeeblog #CoverReveal
← Hail Mary
Wounded by Abby Brooks →


text:
package olx.layer;

import jsinterop.annotations.JsProperty;
import jsinterop.annotations.JsType;
import ol.Extent;
import ol.source.*;

/**
 * @author Dan Moldovan
 */
@JsType(isNative = true)
public interface HeatmapOptions {

    @JsProperty
    void setGradient(String[] colors);

    @JsProperty
    void setRadius(double radius);

    @JsProperty
    void setBlur(double blur);

    @JsProperty
    void setShadow(double shadow);

    @JsProperty
    void setWeight(String weight);

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    void setMaxResolution(int maxResolution);

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    void setOpacity(double opacity);

    @JsProperty
    void setSource(ol.source.Vector source);

    @JsProperty
    void setVisible(boolean visible);

}


text:
Memorial for Joe 10
Former Nittany Lion quarterback and current ESPN analyst Todd Blackledge represented players from the 1980's as he spoke to the capacity crowd gathered on Jan. 26 to honor Joe Paterno at a public memorial service. The memorial service was held at the Bryce Jordan Center on Penn State's University Park campus and concluded three days of ceremonies for Paterno, who died on Jan. 22.
Licensing and Use
Visitors and Neighbors
memorial for Joe
This is Penn State
Todd Blackledge
Former student-athletes named to Penn State Behrend Athletics Hall of Fame
Masking up the Nittany Lion Shrine
Theatre Production: 'And It Begins Like This'
Behind the Scenes with Penn State Centre Stage: Albatross


With the election just two weeks away, things got weird this week — with one survey showing Green Party candidate Jill Stein surging in South Florida and Donald Trump targeting Fort Lauderdale for what some say will be intimidation at the polls.
Trump pushed hard this week on claims that the election will be rigged, perhaps presaging his fall, and said his followers would monitor election locations in key locations across Broward County — including Fort Lauderdale. Indeed Brenda Snipes, the Broward County supervisor of elections, apparently forgot to put the marijuana question on some ballots, and failed primary candidate Tim Canova, who was edged out by U.S. Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz, said the primary election results in his race were mathematically improbable.
Meanwhile, Green Party candidate Jill Stein, who is polling at only 2.5 percent nationally, seems to be drawing far more votes in Palm Beach County from frustrated voters. A canvas by a Green Party-promoted website showed that she drew more votes that either Hillary Clinton or Trump.


text:
Epidemiology & Infection
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Volume 143 - Issue 3 - February 2015
Page/Article number: low to high Page/Article number: high to low Title Type Online publication date
Gastrointestinal infection and food poisoning
Prevalence of strongyloidiasis in Latin America: a systematic review of the literature
D. BUONFRATE, M. A. MENA, A. ANGHEBEN, A. REQUENA-MENDEZ, J. MUÑOZ, F. GOBBI, M. ALBONICO, E. GOTUZZO, Z. BISOFFI, the COHEMI Project Study Group
Strongyloides stercoralis is rarely recognized as a major public health issue, probably because its burden is largely underestimated. We reviewed the literature (both PubMed and 'grey' literature) about the prevalence of strongyloidiasis in Latin America, an area of presumable high endemicity. There were finally 88 papers involved in the analysis, covering the period between 1981 and 2011. Studies were heterogeneous in several aspects, such as the populations screened and the diagnostic methods used. Most of the studies relied on direct coproparasitological examination, which has low sensitivity for the detection of S. stercoralis larvae. The following countries presented areas of high prevalence (>20%): Argentina, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil. Globally, for most of the included countries it was not possible to define reliable data because of paucity and/or inadequacy of studies. S. stercoralis requires specific diagnostic methods for its detection; therefore, surveys should be specifically designed in order to avoid underestimation of the infection.
Infant botulism due to C. butyricum type E toxin: a novel environmental association with pet terrapins
E. B. SHELLEY, D. O'ROURKE, K. GRANT, E. McARDLE, L. CAPRA, A. CLARKE, E. McNAMARA, R. CUNNEY, P. McKEOWN, C. F. L. AMAR, C. COSGROVE, M. FITZGERALD, P. HARRINGTON, P. GARVEY, F. GRAINGER, J. GRIFFIN, B. J. LYNCH, G. McGRANE, J. MURPHY, N. NI SHUIBHNE, J. PROSSER
We describe two cases of infant botulism due to Clostridium butyricum producing botulinum type E neurotoxin (BoNT/E) and a previously unreported environmental source. The infants presented at age 11 days with poor feeding and lethargy, hypotonia, dilated pupils and absent reflexes. Faecal samples were positive for C. butyricum BoNT/E. The infants recovered after treatment including botulism immune globulin intravenous (BIG-IV). C. butyricum BoNT/E was isolated from water from tanks housing pet 'yellow-bellied' terrapins (Trachemys scripta scripta): in case A the terrapins were in the infant's home; in case B a relative fed the terrapin prior to holding and feeding the infant when both visited another relative. C. butyricum isolates from the infants and the respective terrapin tank waters were indistinguishable by molecular typing. Review of a case of C. butyricum BoNT/E botulism in the UK found that there was a pet terrapin where the infant was living. It is concluded that the C. butyricum-producing BoNT type E in these cases of infant botulism most likely originated from pet terrapins. These findings reinforce public health advice that reptiles, including terrapins, are not suitable pets for children aged <5 years, and highlight the importance of hand washing after handling these pets.
Changing patterns and widening of antibiotic resistance in Shigella spp. over a decade (2000–2011), Andaman Islands, India
D. BHATTACHARYA, H. BHATTACHARYA, D. S. SAYI, A. P. BHARADWAJ, M. SINGHANIA, A. P. SUGUNAN, S. ROY
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 April 2014, pp. 470-477
This study is a part of the surveillance study on childhood diarrhoea in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands; here we report the drug resistance pattern of recent isolates of Shigella spp. (2006–2011) obtained as part of that study and compare it with that of Shigella isolates obtained earlier during 2000–2005. During 2006–2011, stool samples from paediatric diarrhoea patients were collected and processed for isolation and identification of Shigella spp. Susceptibility to 22 antimicrobial drugs was tested and minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for third-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combinations and gentamicin. A wide spectrum of antibiotic resistance was observed in the Shigella strains obtained during 2006–2011. The proportions of resistant strains showed an increase from 2000–2005 to 2006–2011 in 20/22 antibiotics tested. The number of drug resistance patterns increased from 13 in 2000–2005 to 43 in 2006–2011. Resistance to newer generation fluoroquinolones, third-generation cephalosporins and augmentin, which was not observed during 2000–2005, appeared during 2006–2011. The frequency of resistance in Shigella isolates has increased substantially between 2000–2006 and 2006–2011, with a wide spectrum of resistance. At present, the option for antimicrobial therapy in shigellosis in Andaman is limited to a small number of drugs.
Laboratory monitoring of bacterial gastroenteric pathogens Salmonella and Shigella in Shanghai, China 2006–2012
J. ZHANG, F. WANG, H. JIN, J. HU, Z. YUAN, W. SHI, X. YANG, J. MENG, X. XU
In 2006 we initiated an enhanced laboratory-based surveillance of Salmonella and Shigella infections in Shanghai, China. A total of 4483 Salmonella and 2226 Shigella isolates were recovered from stool specimens by 2012. In 80 identified Salmonella serovars, Enteritidis (34·5%) and Typhimurium (26·2%) were the most common. Shigella (S.) sonnei accounted for 63·9% of human Shigella infections over the same time period, and replaced S. flexneri to become the primary cause of shigellosis since 2010. Overall, a high level of antimicrobial resistance was observed in Salmonella and Shigella, particularly to nalidixic acid, ampicillin, and tetracycline. Ciprofloxacin resistance was common in Salmonella Typhimurium (21·0%) and S. flexneri (37·6%). The cephalosporin resistance in both pathogens also increased over the years, ranging from 3·4% to 7·0% in Salmonella, and from 10·4% to 28·6% in Shigella. Resistance to multiple antimicrobials was also identified in a large number of the isolates. This study provides insight into the distribution of Salmonella and Shigella in diarrhoeal diseases.
An outbreak of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection in Norway, 2012: a reminder to consider uncommon pathogens in outbreaks involving imported products
E. MacDONALD, K. E. MØLLER, A. L. WESTER, U. R. DAHLE, N. O. HERMANSEN, P. A. JENUM, L. THORESEN, L. VOLD
We investigated an outbreak of gastroenteritis following a Christmas buffet served on 4–9 December 2012 to ~1300 hotel guests. More than 300 people were reported ill in initial interviews with hotel guests. To identify possible sources of infection we conducted a cohort investigation through which we identified 214 probable cases. Illness was associated with consumption of scrambled eggs (odds ratio 9·07, 95% confidence interval 5·20–15·84). Imported chives added fresh to the scrambled eggs were the suspected source of the outbreak but were unavailable for testing. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection was eventually confirmed in 40 hotel guests. This outbreak reinforces that ETEC should be considered in non-endemic countries when the clinical picture is consistent and common gastrointestinal pathogens are not found. Following this outbreak, the Norwegian Food Safety Authority recommended that imported fresh herbs should be heat-treated before use in commercial kitchens.
Preponderance of toxigenic Escherichia coli in stool pathogens correlates with toxin detection in accessible drinking-water sources
H. IGBOKWE, S. BHATTACHARYYA, S. GRADUS, M. KHUBBAR, D. GRISWOLD, J. NAVIDAD, C. IGWILO, D. MASSON-MEYERS, A. A. AZENABOR
Since early detection of pathogens and their virulence factors contribute to intervention and control strategies, we assessed the enteropathogens in diarrhoea disease and investigated the link between toxigenic strains of Escherichia coli from stool and drinking-water sources; and determined the expression of toxin genes by antibiotic-resistant E. coli in Lagos, Nigeria. This was compared with isolates from diarrhoeal stool and water from Wisconsin, USA. The new Luminex xTAG GPP (Gastroplex) technique and conventional real-time PCR were used to profile enteric pathogens and E. coli toxin gene isolates, respectively. Results showed the pathogen profile of stool and indicated a relationship between E. coli toxin genes in water and stool from Lagos which was absent in Wisconsin isolates. The Gastroplex technique was efficient for multiple enteric pathogens and toxin gene detection. The co-existence of antibiotic resistance with enteroinvasive E. coli toxin genes suggests an additional prognostic burden on patients.
Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) in swine: prevalence over the finishing period and characteristics of the STEC isolates
M. TSENG, P. M. FRATAMICO, L. BAGI, D. MANZINGER, J. A. FUNK
This descriptive longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the faecal shedding of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) in finishing swine and to characterize the swine STEC isolates that were recovered. Three cohorts of finishing swine (n = 50/cohort; total 150 pigs) were included in the longitudinal study. Individual faecal samples were collected every 2 weeks (8 collections/pig) from the beginning (pig age 10 weeks) to the end (pig age 24 weeks) of the finishing period. STEC isolates were recovered in at least one sample from 65·3% (98/150) of the pigs, and the frequency distribution of first-time STEC detection during the finishing period resembled a point-source outbreak curve. Nineteen O:H serotypes were identified among the STEC isolates. Most STEC isolates (n = 148) belonged to serotype O59:H21 and carried the stx2e gene. One O49:H21 STEC isolate carried the stx2e and eae genes. High prevalence rates of STEC during the finishing period were observed, and STEC isolates in various non-O157 serogroups were recovered. These data enhance understanding of swine STEC epidemiology, and future research is needed to confirm whether or not swine STEC are of public health concern.
First norovirus outbreaks associated with consumption of green seaweed (Enteromorpha spp.) in South Korea
J. H. PARK, H. S. JEONG, J. S. LEE, S. W. LEE, Y. H. CHOI, S. J. CHOI, I. S. JOO, Y. R. KIM, Y. K. PARK, S. K. YOUN
In February 2012, an outbreak of gastroenteritis was reported in school A; a successive outbreak was reported at school B. A retrospective cohort study conducted in school A showed that seasoned green seaweed with radishes (relative risk 7·9, 95% confidence interval 1·1–56·2) was significantly associated with illness. Similarly, a case-control study of students at school B showed that cases were 5·1 (95% confidence interval 1·1–24·8) times more likely to have eaten seasoned green seaweed with pears. Multiple norovirus genotypes were detected in samples from students in schools A and B. Norovirus GII.6 isolated from schools A and B were phylogenetically indistinguishable. Green seaweed was supplied by company X, and norovirus GII.4 was isolated from samples of green seaweed. Green seaweed was assumed to be linked to these outbreaks. To our knowledge, this is the first reported norovirus outbreak associated with green seaweed.
The spatial diffusion of norovirus epidemics over three seasons in Tokyo
S. INAIDA, Y. SHOBUGAWA, S. MATSUNO, R. SAITO, H. SUZUKI
We studied the spatial trend of norovirus (NoV) epidemics using sentinel gastroenteritis surveillance data for patients aged <15 years (n = 140) in the Tokyo area for the 2006–2007 to 2008–2009 seasons utilizing the kriging method of geographical information system (GIS). This is the first study of the spreading pattern of NoV epidemics using sentinel surveillance data. Correlations of sentinel cases between the seasons and with demographic data were examined to identify the trend and related factors. A similar pattern of diffusion was observed over the seasons, and its mean correlation between seasons was significantly high. A higher number of cases were found in the peripheral area, which surrounds the most populated central area, and showed a correlation with the ratio of the children population (r = 0·321, P < 0·01) and the ratio of residents in larger families (r = 0·263, P < 0·01). While NoV susceptibility remained, the results suggest a transmission route in the local community as a possible epidemic factor. Prevention with focus on the peripheral area is desirable.
Hepatitis E virus genotype 4 in a pig farm, Italy, 2013
I. MONNE, L. CEGLIE, G. DI MARTINO, A. NATALE, S. ZAMPROGNA, A. MORREALE, E. RAMPAZZO, G. CATTOLI, L. BONFANTI
Zoonotic strains of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Europe have been reported to belong to genotypes 3 and 4. In 2012 and 2013, 57 pig farms in Northern Italy that had previously resulted seropositive for HEV were surveyed for the presence of the virus, with positive samples subsequently genotyped. Hepatitis E RNA was identified in 17/57 (29·8%) seropositive farms. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that distinct subtypes of genotype 3 were circulating in the north-east of Italy; as well, for the first time in the Italian swine population, genotype 4 was identified and attributed to subtype d.
Hepatitis A infection in patients with chronic viral liver disease: a cross-sectional study in Jahrom, Iran
A. AHMADI VASMEHJANI, D. JAVESHGHANI, R. BAHARLOU, M. SHAYESTEHPOUR, S. D. MOUSAVINASAB, N. JOHARINIA, S. E. ENDERAMI
Infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) in patient with chronic liver disease (CLD; due to hepatitis B or hepatitis C) may cause severe disease and fulminant liver failure. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HAV antibodies in patients infected with HCV or HBV in Iran (Jahrom city). A total of 159 patients with underlying CLD were recruited between September 2012 and February 2013. Serum samples were collected from each patient and tested for anti-HAV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The overall seroprevalence of total anti-HAV was 79·2%. Patients aged 20–30 years had the lowest (28·3%) anti-HAV seropositivity and those aged >50 years had the highest (95%) seropositivity. The overall prevalence of anti-HAV in patients with chronic HCV and HBV infection was 93·7% and 77·1%, respectively. The anti-HAV seropositivity in liver cirrhosis patients was 100% compared to CLD patients. Because of low HAV immunity in younger CLD patients, vaccination against HAV should be considered.
Multivariate analysis of factors affecting the immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in school-age children
G. FREEMAN, S. NG, R. A. P. M. PERERA, V. J. FANG, D. K. M. IP, G. M. LEUNG, J. S. M. PEIRIS, B. J. COWLING
We examined factors affecting the immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccination (TIV) in children using the antibody titres of children participating in a Hong Kong community-based study. Antibody titres of strains included in the 2009–2010 northern hemisphere TIV [seasonal A(H1N1), seasonal A(H3N2) and B (Victoria lineage)] and those not included in the TIV [2009 pandemic A(H1N1) and B (Yamagata lineage)] were measured by haemagglutination inhibition immediately before and 1 month after vaccination. Multivariate regression models were fitted in a Bayesian framework to characterize the distribution of changes in antibody titres following vaccination. Statistically significant rises in geometric mean antibody titres were observed against all strains, with a wide variety of standard deviations and correlations in rises observed, with the influenza type B antibodies showing more variability than the type A antibodies. The dynamics of antibody titres after vaccination can be used in more complex models of antibody dynamics in populations.
The impact of the media on the decision of parents in South Wales to accept measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) immunization
S. WALSH, D. Rh. THOMAS, B. W. MASON, M. R. EVANS
A large measles outbreak occurred in South Wales in 2012/2013. The outbreak has been attributed to low take-up of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) immunization in the early 2000s. To understand better the factors that led to this outbreak we present the findings of a case-control study carried out in the outbreak area in 2001 to investigate parents' decision on whether to accept MMR. Parents who decided not to take-up MMR at the time were more likely to be older and better educated, more likely to report being influenced by newspapers [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3·07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·62–5·80], television (aOR 3·30, 95% CI 1·70–6·43), the internet (aOR 7·23, 3·26–16·06) and vaccine pressure groups (aOR 5·20, 95% CI 2·22–12·16), and less likely to be influenced by a health visitor (aOR 0·30, 95% CI 0·16–0·57). In this area of Wales, daily English-language regional newspapers, UK news programmes and the internet appeared to have a powerful negative influence. We consider the relevance of these findings to the epidemiology of the outbreak and the subsequent public health response.
Lyme borreliosis in southern United Kingdom and a case for a new syndrome, chronic arthropod-borne neuropathy
M. S. DRYDEN, K. SAEED, S. OGBORN, P. SWALES
This series of serologically confirmed Lyme disease is the largest reported in the UK and represents 508 patients who presented to one hospital in the South of England between 1992 and 2012. The mean rate of borreliosis throughout this period was 9·8/100 000 population, much higher than the reported national rate of 1·7/100 000. The actual rate increased each year until 2009 when it levelled off. Patients clinically presented with rash (71%), neurological symptoms (16%, of whom half had VII cranial nerve palsies), arthropathy (8%), pyrexia (5%), cardiac abnormalities (1%) or other manifestations (<1%). Twenty percent of patients had additional non-specific symptoms of fatigue, myalgia, and cognitive changes. Serological diagnosis was with a two-tiered system of ELISA and immunoblot. There was a marked seasonal presentation in the summer months and in the first and sixth decades of life. A third of patients gave a clear history of a tick bite. The median interval between tick bite and clinical symptoms was 15 days [interquartile range (IQR) 9–28 days], with a further interval of 14 days to clinical diagnosis/treatment (IQR 2–31 days). Most cases were acquired locally and only 5% abroad. Patients responded to standard antibiotic therapy and recurrence or persistence was extremely rare. A second group of patients, not included in the clinical case series, were those who believed they had Lyme disease based on a probable tick bite but were seronegative by currently available validated tests and presented with subjective symptoms. This condition is often labelled chronic Lyme disease. These patients have a different disease from Lyme disease and therefore an alternative name, chronic arthropod-borne neuropathy (CAN), and case definition for this condition is proposed. We suggest that this chronic condition needs to be distinguished from Lyme disease, as calling the chronic illness 'Lyme disease' causes confusion to patients and physicians. We recommend research initiatives to investigate the aetiology, diagnosis and therapy of CAN.
Bartonella clarridgeiae and Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii exposure in captive wild canids in Brazil
D. A. FLEISCHMAN, B. B. CHOMEL, R. W. KASTEN, M. R. ANDRÉ, L. R. GONÇALVES, R. Z. MACHADO
Wild canids are potential hosts for numerous species of Bartonella, yet little research has been done to quantify their infection rates in South America. We sought to investigate Bartonella seroprevalence in captive wild canids from 19 zoos in São Paulo and Mato Grosso states, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 97 wild canids belonging to four different native species and three European wolves (Canis lupus). Indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing was performed to detect the presence of B. henselae, B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, B. clarridgeiae, and B. rochalimae. Overall, Bartonella antibodies were detected in 11 of the canids, including five (12·8%) of 39 crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous), three (11·1%) of 27 bush dogs (Speothos venaticus), two (8·7%) of 23 maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and one (12·5%) of eight hoary foxes (Lycalopex vetulus), with titres ranging from 1:64 to 1:512. Knowing that many species of canids make excellent reservoir hosts for Bartonella, and that there is zoonotic potential for all Bartonella spp. tested for, it will be important to conduct further research in non-captive wild canids to gain an accurate understanding of Bartonella infection in free-ranging wild canids in South America.
Molecular detection of Bartonella spp. in deer ked pupae, adult keds and moose blood in Finland
E. M. KORHONEN, C. PÉREZ VERA, A.T. PULLIAINEN, T. SIRONEN, K. AALTONEN, R. KORTET, L. HÄRKÖNEN, S. HÄRKÖNEN, T. PAAKKONEN, P. NIEMINEN, A-M. MUSTONEN, H. YLÖNEN, O. VAPALAHTI
The deer ked (Lipoptena cervi) is a haematophagous ectoparasite of cervids that harbours haemotrophic Bartonella. A prerequisite for the vector competence of the deer ked is the vertical transmission of the pathogen from the mother to its progeny and transstadial transmission from pupa to winged adult. We screened 1154 pupae and 59 pools of winged adult deer keds from different areas in Finland for Bartonella DNA using PCR. Altogether 13 pupa samples and one winged adult deer ked were positive for the presence of Bartonella DNA. The amplified sequences were closely related to either B. schoenbuchensis or B. bovis. The same lineages were identified in eight blood samples collected from free-ranging moose. This is the first demonstration of Bartonella spp. DNA in a winged adult deer ked and, thus, evidence for potential transstadial transmission of Bartonella spp. in the species.
The relationship between socioeconomic indices and potentially zoonotic pathogens carried by wild Norway rats: a survey in Rhône, France (2010–2012)
F. AYRAL, J. ARTOIS, A.-L. ZILBER, F. WIDÉN, K.C. POUNDER, D. AUBERT, D. J. BICOUT, M. ARTOIS
Leptospira interrogans, hantaviruses (particularly Seoul virus), hepatitis E virus (HEV), and Toxoplasma gondii are rat-associated zoonoses that are responsible for human morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to describe the infection patterns of these four pathogens in wild rats (Rattus norvegicus) across socioeconomic levels in neighbourhoods in Lyon, France. The infection or exposure status was determined using polymerase chain reaction or serology for 178 wild rats captured in 23 locations; additionally, confirmatory culture or mouse inoculation was performed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate whether morphological and socioeconomic data could predict the infection status of the rats. This study revealed that the rat colony's age structure may influence the prevalence of L. interrogans, hantavirus, and HEV. In addition, areas with high human population densities and low incomes may be associated with a greater number of infected rats and an increased risk of disease transmission.
Incidence, immunological and clinical characteristics of reactivation of latent Toxoplasma gondii infection in HIV-infected patients
P. KODYM, M. MALÝ, O. BERAN, D. JILICH, H. ROZSYPAL, L. MACHALA, M. HOLUB
To determine changes in incidence of reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii infection, manifesting as toxoplasmic encephalitis, and to assess the immunological mechanisms controlling reactivation in HIV-infected patients, a Czech cohort of 502 HIV/T. gondii co-infected patients was followed for 2909·3 person-years. The incidence of toxoplasmic encephalitis between the periods before and after the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) was compared. Toxoplasmic encephalitis was diagnosed in 21 patients. In those patients the geometric mean value of CD4+ T lymphocytes was 12·6 times lower than in patients with non-reactivated T. gondii infection but an additionally significant decline in CD8+ T lymphocytes (3·3-fold) and natural killer cells (4·3-fold) was observed. This confirms the significance of these parameters. A twelvefold decrease in Toxoplasma reactivation incidence (40·2 vs. 3·4/1000 person-years) between monitored periods was seen. In the cART era, Toxoplasma reactivation was observed only in patients with unrecognized HIV infection or refusing therapy.
Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in free-range chickens (Gallus domesticus) of Central Ethiopia
E. Z. GEBREMEDHIN, G. TESFAMARYAM, H. A. YUNUS, R. DUGUMA, G. TILAHUN, V. DI MARCO, M. VITALE
We performed a seroepidemiological study of Toxoplasma gondii infection in free-range chickens from October 2012 to May 2013. We used cross-sectional two-stage cluster sampling to collect blood samples from wing veins of 601 chickens from central Ethiopia. T. gondii-specific antibodies were assayed by modified agglutination test (MAT). We collected information about risk factors by questionnaire and used univariable and multivariable logistic regression to assess risk factors. An overall seroprevalence of 30·5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 26·27–34·14] and 54·2% (95% CI 47·06–61·36) was found at animal- and flock-level, respectively. The MAT end titre of seropositive chickens (n = 183) were 1 : 60 in 46, 1 : 180 in 28, 1 : 540 in 29, ⩾1 : 1620 in 48, 1 : 6000 in 22, 1 : 18 000 in five, 1 : 54 000 in one, and ⩾1 : 162 000 in four. Animal-level risk factors identified using multivariable logistic regression model were: midland altitude [odds ratio (OR) 2·53, 95% CI 1·12–5·72], cross and exotic breeds (OR 3·17, 95% CI 1·39–7·23), increased age of chickens (OR 2·32, 95% CI 1·19–4·49), extensive management (OR 6·92, 95% CI 1·34–35·86) and the presence of cats (OR 2·08, 95% CI 1·20–3·61). Similarly, flock-level risk factors were midland altitude (OR 3·62, 95% CI 1·31–9·99) and the presence of cats (OR 1·19–4·94). The knowledge of the local people about the health risk of cats to humans and animals is poor. Housing and management of cats and chickens are also poor. The widespread presence of T. gondii infection in free-range chickens of Central Ethiopia provides suggestive evidence for the high level of contamination of the living environment of people with T. gondii oocysts. Meat from free-range chickens might be an important source of infection for humans. Altitude, breed, age, management and presence of cats are independent predictors of seropositivity. Education of farmers about toxoplasmosis and further studies to elucidate the burden of toxoplasmosis in animals and humans warrants consideration.
Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma in a coastal region of Haiti: multiplex bead assay detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies that recognize the SAG2A antigen
J. W. PRIEST, D. M. MOSS, B. F. ARNOLD, K. HAMLIN, C. C. JONES, P. J. LAMMIE
Toxoplasma gondii is a globally distributed parasitic protozoan that infects most warm-blooded animals. We incorporated a bead coupled with recombinant SAG2A protein into our Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) multiplex bead assay (MBA) panel and used it to determine Toxoplasma infection rates in two studies in Haiti. In a longitudinal cohort study of children aged 0–11 years, the infection rate varied with age reaching a maximum of 0·131 infections/year in children aged 3 years [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·065–0·204]. The median time to seroconversion was estimated to be 9·7 years (95% CI 7·6–∞). In a cross-sectional, community-wide survey of residents of all ages, we determined an overall seroprevalence of 28·2%. The seroprevalence age curve from the cross-sectional study also suggested that the force of infection varied with age and peaked at 0·057 infections/year (95% CI 0·033–0·080) at age 2·6 years. Integration of the Toxoplasma MBA into NTD surveys may allow for better estimates of the potential burden of congenital toxoplasmosis in underserved regions.


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==The Episode== In 1979, actor George Peppard and actress Elaine Joyce appeared on the show for a week of five episodes set to air from June 11th to 14th of that year<ref>https://markgoodson.fandom.com/wiki/Password_Plus/Episode_Guide</ref>. But during filming of the first episode, Peppard made some on-camera complaints about the show's format, then went into an on-camera rant about the standards & practices at NBC. He said that:
"Here's the thing friends, I think you should know that before we do this program that is, the, do they make you sign that form too?"
 The contestant declined to answer the question and then Peppard concluded:
"Alright well, there's a form that says (That you won't cheat, you won't steal, you won't kick your mother, you won't tell anyone or you won't get any prizes) It goes on and on and on like you were some crook! Well, it's really, uh, unnecessary in this game I mean, everybody around this game is paranoid about the truth. They are very careful, uh, and we have somebody from NBC who watches us. Now that get's into the police state mentality and I do not think it's necessary and I personally resent it. Mr. Silverman and the rest of you, would you write him a letter and tell him to stop that?"
 After the rant the show's host Allen Ludden went on to explain that "what you see is what you get" and the forms that the participants sign before the program ensures that there is no cheating. As a result of Peppard's rant (and possibly due to him visibly smoking on-camera), the episode was pulled before it aired and a sixth episode was filmed two weeks after filming for the week had wrapped<ref>https://books.google.ca/books?id=eKmdDwAAQBAJ&q</ref> and the contestants ended up not getting paid for the episode. The episode that would've aired on June 12th ended up airing on June 11th and the show's announcer Gene Wood made an announcement in the opening of the second episode saying<ref>https://youtu.be/9DInqpPKcyE</ref>:
"The program originally scheduled for air at this time will not be seen."


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Death Stranding no longer a PS4 exclusive, will get a PC release in summer 2020
By Gabe Gurwin	 October 28, 2019
An announcement from Kojima Productions on Twitter has confirmed that Death Stranding will be getting a PC release in early summer 2020. Presently set to launch for PlayStation 4 on November 8, the game was originally confirmed as an exclusive to Sony's console.
The PC version will be be published by 505 Games, while the PS4 version is still being published by Sony. 505 Games said it would reveal more details on the PC version in the "near future," presumably including its digital storefront. The publisher was also behind the release of Remedy Entertainment's Control.
"We are extremely excited and honored to be working with the supremely talented team at Kojima Productions to bring Death Stranding to PC gamers around the world," said 505 CEO Raffi Galante in the announcement.
Thanks to all of you who have been supporting #DEATHSTRANDING!
DEATH STRANDING release on PS4 is November 8, 2019!!
Furthermore, KOJIMA PRODUCTIONS is happy to announce that DEATH STRANDING will be coming to PC in early summer of 2020!!#kojimaproductions #deathstrandingpc pic.twitter.com/Sk4clWWY1X
— Kojima Productions (@KojiPro2015_EN) October 28, 2019
As of now, it appears that Death Stranding will not be releasing on any other platforms. Though Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain did release on Xbox One, Kojima's games have often been released exclusively to PlayStation. Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater initially only launched on PS2, for instance, while Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots has remained a PS3 exclusive since its release over a decade ago.
Death Stranding remains one of the most-anticipated games of the year, both because of Hideo Kojima's track record and the numerous stars set to appear in the story. Alongside protagonist Norman Reedus, the game features Léa Seydoux, Mads Mikkelsen, Guillermo del Toro, and even Conan O'Brien. Some of these actors will essentially be making cameo appearances, while Mikkelsen and Seydoux will play major roles in the story.
The bizarre narrative involving apparitions, powerful babies, package delivery, and reconnecting a fractured United States has bewildered us thus far, but that is something we've come to expect from Kojima over the year s– we look elsewhere for straightforward storytelling.
Death Stranding will release for PS4 on November 8. Alongside the standard version of the game, there is also a Digital Deluxe Edition, a Special Edition with a steelbook, and a Collector's Edition with a baby statue. Given that the PlayStation 5 is due to release in just a year, it's also possible that Sony will bring an enhanced version to its next-generation system, as well.
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Marketers may be underestimating the importance of the mobile Web according to new research from the Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB) and its Mobile Marketing Center of Excellence.
Although comScore research recently indicated that smartphone users spend more than 88 percent of their mobile time in the app environment, the IAB's "Apps and Mobile Web: Understanding the Two Sides of the Mobile Coin" research report reveals that much of this "app time" may actually be mobile Web use in disguise. Due to this, the study suggests that brands should account for the fact that many consumers may be arriving and viewing mobile websites through a variety of pathways, including apps.
In fact, the study found that only 18 percent of smartphone owners who use the mobile Internet on their devices say they spend significantly more time using mobile apps than browsing mobile websites. That said, 52 percent of smartphone owners say they click links within apps that take them to content on mobile websites at least sometimes or more frequently. This means that while these users are technically using a mobile app, they are also spending time on the mobile Web.
It is also important to note that when respondents were asked what they preferred (mobile apps or the mobile Web) for several activities, respondents tended to skew toward the mobile Web or were balanced between the two approaches. For instance, when it comes to search, 42 percent of respondents prefer the mobile Web, 32 percent have no preference and just 29 percent prefer apps. Conversely, 28 percent of respondents prefer the mobile Web when it comes to shopping, while 26 percent have no preference and 22 percent prefer apps. Moreover, 25 percent of respondents prefer the mobile Web when it comes to news and local directories, while 31 percent have no preference.
Additional research shows that there are a variety of ways that smartphone users find sites to visit on the mobile Web. According to the data, 54 percent of respondents say search is a primary tool, while 29 percent say they discover websites through recommendations (via email, word-of-mouth, etc.) and 26 percent cite links in social media apps.


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Photo Credit To HORIBA MIRA Ltd
Implications of privacy laws and connected cars
New research shows that there are major privacy implications in today's connected vehicles. Here, Garikayi Madzudzo, Advanced Cybersecurity Research Scientist at HORIBA MIRA, explores where our work can help manufacturers in implementing best practice.
When the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was introduced in May 2018, it was a step-change which overhauled the way in which businesses processed and handled personal data. It also brought about awareness of the importance of privacy and the protection of personal data to the general public.
This issue has only grown more significant with the accelerating pace of connected technology deployment in vehicles, with everything from connected applications, telematics, black-box insurance to mobile phone use.
Garikayi Madzudzo, Advanced Cybersecurity Research Scientist at HORIBA MIRA
Industry Leading Insights
In-vehicle data collection and processing has increased in content type and volume, and now encompasses a vast array of personal information including phone numbers, address books, emails, location history, browsing history, preferences and driving habits. This collection and processing also takes place in a complex ecosystem, including not just the vehicle but the phones, the networks and, ultimately, the infrastructure it connects to.
Furthermore, industry sources estimate that on average about 480 Terabytes (TB) of data was collected by every automotive manufacturer in 2013, and it is expected that this will increase to 11.1 Petabytes (PB) per year by 2021 (a petabyte is about one million gigabytes). Looking into the future, it is predicted that connected vehicles will create up to 4,000GB of data per day that is over 1400TB of data per year. With such large volumes of personal information being collected, it is inevitable that privacy will be a challenge. All the above will only increase with the rise of connected and autonomous vehicles.
Thus, recognising the importance of user privacy in connected vehicles, we conducted pioneering research to enable us to explore the current state of user privacy and how it is presented to consumers in a modern vehicle.
A survey of 1,038 car owners from the UK, Germany and Italy was conducted, asking a series of questions based on GDPR principles to establish how consumers saw privacy in the connected vehicles that they owned.
From a dealer's perspective, compliance with GDPR is clear cut. The findings indicate that a good proportion of recipients (70%) across the three countries received a request to consent from the dealer to collect personal data, while around two thirds (68%) received a consent request from the dealer to store personal data.
However, once inside the vehicle, the need to comply with GDPR as it stands currently is less clear cut. This is the case even if the operator of any of the connected features gathering personal data (such as location) could be considered a data controller. This was reflected in the numbers: less than half (45%) received a request to consent to collect personal data once using technology inside the vehicle, less than half (47%) to store personal data and only a third (35%) to share it.
Only 60% of the study's participants were given the option to choose whether their personal data could be shared with third-party companies and were informed of third-party companies that would have access to their data by the dealer and/or vehicle.
Default consent was also prevalent, with around one in three recipients (32%) responding that they were opted in by default. Almost half (42%) said they were not made aware that they can withdraw their consent from either the vehicle or the dealer.
New Approaches
Based on the findings, it is recommended that manufacturers revisit their governance procedures and start to explore new approaches to ensure fair use of personal information. One such method is to look at increased transparency with regards to collection of personal data for the unique automotive use cases.
An example of this is looking at where to place privacy notices such that two different owners can find them easily. Another recommendation could be to give consumers the power to completely erase private information from vehicles so that there is no danger of leakage if the vehicle was resold or scrapped.
Implementing privacy best practice (such as that espoused by GDPR) would build on existing measures for protecting customers. This would ultimately lead to increased consumer trust in advanced technologies and is vital in ensuring mass adoption of future connected vehicles.
Post source : HORIBA MIRA Ltd
Tags:Connected CarsGDPRHORIBA MIRALawPrivacy
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Q: Google plus in android app I am working on an app with integration for facebook, twitter, flicker, and Google plus. I have done all the things besides Google plus.
Has anyone used Google plus API in his own app?

A: The Google+ Platform for Android is now available.
With the platform, you are able to:

*

*Allow users to sign in with Google+.

*Integrate the native +1 button.

*Write moments to the user's Google+ history (developer preview)

For more information, see:
https://developers.google.com/+/mobile/android/

A: Right now there is no official API for Google Plus for Android. Check out the official documentation here.
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The Google+ platform for Android will soon be available in the coming
  weeks — this documentation gives you a quick overview of what to
  expect.

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