text:
Gallery One, Gallery One Archive, Kasia Fudakowski
Kasia Fudakowski
ChertLüdde, Berlin
21 June – 22 August 2020
Wood block printing is a laborious 'relief' process necessitating a 'struggle with a base, ubiquitous material'(1). More akin to sculpture than other printing techniques it involves a 'counter-gestural'(2) removal of material that will not be printed.
Through gauging and chiselling away at a wooden block a mirrored positive is revealed. This binary process of positive or negative does not allow for tonal nuance nor is the process forgiving. One mistaken cut and the wood is removed; it cannot be replaced or repaired. The carver must either incorporate the mistake, accepting it will be negatively reproduced in every print, or abandon the block and begin again.
Woodcut's material humility and its association with 'non-elite messaging'(3) has a long history, originating as a technique in 206 BC China. It only reached Europe in the early 13th century, arriving in Italy along with the introduction of paper. By the end of the 13th century the technique had spread to Burgundy, and by the end of the 14th to Germany.
This relatively cheap and accessible method of reproduction went on to define the German Renaissance. The dissemination of printed images, accompanied by developments in moveable type printing (also originating in China), meant information could be spread quickly through different layers of society. The Church was quick to realise the advantages and commissioned a wide range of scenes from the Bible. These scenes were extensively reproduced for the purposes of instruction but also sold as 'indulgences'; a process through which exceptions to the laws could be granted and eternal salvation essentially purchased.(4)
Martin Luther's widely disseminated pamphlet entitled 'Passional Christi und Antichristi' published in 1521 in Wittenberg featuring 13 pairs of woodcuts by Lucas Cranach The Elder, was a direct response to the Church's hypocrisy, depicting scenes from the life of Jesus in direct contrast to the corrupt life of Pope Leo X. The combination of woodcut images and type allowed for the engagement of both illiterate and educated classes in the Reformation.
Traditionally there was a clear division of labour between the artist who designed a print and the craftsperson or 'block-cutter' who produced the woodblock.(5) This enabled artists to produce prints and widely circulate their work without having to train in the craft of woodcarving.
The woodblocks and prints in the gallery were written and designed by Kasia Fudakowski between the 23rd and 29th of May and carved and printed by Kasia Fudakowski, with the indispensable assistance of Ida Lennartsson, Miguel Angel Reyes Benz, Harry Haddon, Henry Babbage, Islamiya Evans, Will Evans, Kristin Löschert, Ewa Oledzka, Philipp Modersohn and Anna Szaflarski over the two week period leading up to the 21st of June.
Kasia Fudakowski, 2020
The work 'Now More Than Ever', 2020 consists of four large-scale MDF woodcuts and four respective paper prints, each listing the reasons for and against making new work for an exhibition opening on the 21st of June 2020. Included in the installation is a short text written by the artist outlining the history and technical nature of woodcut printing and its importance in the German renaissance.
The complicated global context surrounding the date of the exhibition became the key motivation behind the work where the artist asks herself (and also by implication the viewer) about the relative legitimacy, benefit or worth in creating new work, which will inevitably be interpreted as a 'response'. The, in total 80 reasons, pro and contra, incorporate everything from the very personal, to a more broad, philosophical questioning of the role of the artist in a crisis.
The process of weighing up both sides of the argument is reflected in the technical method employed to create woodcuts. The laborious method of eliminating the 'negative' in order to reveal the 'positive' in reverse, which will create the print, is done through gouging and chiselling away at the wood. This unforgiving technique means that a mistakenly removed piece of wood cannot be replaced and the error is reproduced 'in the negative' on every subsequent print. The physical labour mimics the emotional labour involved in considering the right way to act in a complicated scenario.
(1) Christopher P. Heuer, Libri Vagatorum and the Arts of Difficulty, essay from Andrea Büttner's catalogue The Book of Vagabonds: The mendicant Order, Verlag der Buchhandlung Walter König. 2020
(2) Ibid.
(4) Master Prints in 15th-Century Germany: Emergence and Development, G. Kislykh.
(5) Introduction To A History Of Woodcut, Volume II. Arthur M. Hind. Dover Publications, Inc. New York. 1963.
Photos by Trevor Lloyd


text:
Ukraine president Volodymyr Zelensky unveils a pop-up synagogue to mark the 80th anniversary massacre at Babyn Yar
May 17, 2021 by London-TV	in Business
The Babyn Yar Holocaust Memorial Center (BYHMC) will officially unveil a new symbolic synagogue presided over by the president of the Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelensky. Designed by the renowned architect Manuel Herz, this building commemorates the eightieth anniversary of the Babyn Yar massacre. The synagogue design takes its inspiration from pop-up books and from the wooden synagogues of Ukraine of the 17th and 18th century.
The symbolic synagogue, which is located near the site of the massacre, is an important component of the BYHMC's efforts to remember the 34,000 Jewish victims shot at the Babyn Yar ravine by the Nazis in September 1941 and the tens of thousands of Ukrainians, Roma, mentally ill and others shot thereafter throughout the occupation of Kyiv. Called Babyn Yar Symbolic Synagogue, the structure takes its inspiration from the pop-up book. When closed, the building is a flat structure that is manually opened, and then unfolds into the three-dimensional space of the synagogue. It is an imaginative, one-of-a-kind design. Meanwhile, the interior references the wooden synagogues of Ukraine from the 17th and 18th century that have since been destroyed.
The symbolic synagogue is the first construction to be completed in the planned Babyn Yar memorial complex, which will stretch over an area of 150 hectares, making it one of the world's largest Holocaust memorial centers. A dozen buildings will eventually be erected as part of the complex including: A museum to commemorate the Babyn Yar massacre; a museum to commemorate the Holocaust of Ukrainian and Eastern European Jewry as a whole; a structure depicting the names of the victims; a religious/spiritual center; an educational and scientific research center; a multi-media center; a learning and recreational space for children; an information and conference center and more.
Ilya Khrzhanovsky, BYHMC's Artistic Director said: "Babyn Yar is a place of memory, history is literally absorbed by the ground here. We need to create a space that makes the story of Babyn Yar close, relevant to anyone, regardless of nationality, gender, age or religion. People who come to this territory will inevitably find themselves inside the knowledge of the Babyn Yar tragedy. The last generation of witnesses is passing away. Some more time, and the direct connection of time will disappear, future generations will lose the opportunity to understand, to know, to feel what happened 80 years ago. The Babyn Yar tragedy and the tragedy of the Second World War fade into history and become an abstraction. Our task is to avoid it."
Herz, whose architectural practice is based in Switzerland, has completed projects including the Synagogue of Mainz and 'Ballet Mécanique' in Zurich with moving facades. Presently under development are a hospital in Tambacounda in eastern Senegal, plus other projects in Europe and Africa. Manuel has published widely on questions of space in Judaism and has taught at the ETH Zürich, Harvard Graduate School of Design, and the University of Basel.
For this project, which remarkably was only conceived at the end October 2020, Herz began with the Siddur (the book of prayers) and the Bible. He says: 'If we conceptualize the synagogue as a building typology in its purest essence, we can consider it as a book. During the religious service, a congregation comes together, to collectively read a book. The shared reading of the book opens a world of wisdom, morals, history and anecdotes to the congregation. It is this notion that informs the design of the new Babyn Yar Synagogue.'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
How MIT's latest data-visualisation tool can improve cost savings and efficiency
The tool could help businesses to better understand their data.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have released a data visualisation tool, which they claim allows users to highlight patterns and determine which data sources are responsible for which.
The new tool, dubbed DBWipes, could be used to identify abberations, for example, faulty sensors that are corrupting a regular pattern of readings or variables that are affecting a company's sales figures, according to MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.
Samuel Madden, a professor of computer science and engineering and one of the Database Group's leaders, said: "If you look at the way people traditionally produce visualisations of any sort, they would have some big, rich data set — that has maybe hundreds of millions of data points, or records – and they would do some reduction of the set to a few hundred or thousands of records at most.
"The problem with doing that sort of reduction is that you lose information about where those output data points came from relative to the input data set. If one of these data points is crazy – is an outlier, for example – you don't have any real ability to go back to the data set and ask, 'Where did this come from and what were its properties?'"
Developed in collaboration with engineering graduate Eugene Wu and Professor Michael Stonebraker, DBWipes includes a "provenance tracking" system for large data sets in efforts to solve this problem.
The researchers claim the provenance-tracking system provides a compact representation of the source of the summarised data, allowing users to trace visualised data back to the source.
The researchers also worked on an algorithm called Scorpion, which is designed to track down the records responsible for aspects of a DBWipes visualisation and efficiently recalculates the visualisation to either exclude or emphasise the data they contain.
The idea was driven by a study at a Boston hospital, which revealed that a number of patients were incurring much higher treatment costs than the rest.
The researchers found that the difference in costs was explained by a single variable: their doctors, who prescribed more treatment than their colleagues.


text:
South Dakota Sen. Jason Frerichs (D)
1st district
Cosponsored Bills (127)
State Affairs
Wilmot, SD 57279
SD - Agriculture and Natural Resources (Senate)
SD - Legislative Procedure (Senate)
SD - State Affairs (Senate)
SD - Agricultural Land Assessment Task Force
SD - Legislative Procedure
SD - Watershed Task Force
SD - SB180 Proposing and submitting to the electors at the next general election a new section to Article VI of the Constitution of the State of South Dakota, relating to the distinction between the rights of natural persons and artificial entities.
SD - SB59 Revise certain provisions regarding the public records open to inspection and copying.
SD - SC27 Recognizing the commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the reported death of Sacagawea in present day South Dakota.
SD - SC16 Honoring Courtney Peterson of Sisseton, South Dakota, as the recipient of the 2012 Miss Rodeo South Dakota crown.
SD - SB171 Provide for a runoff election under certain circumstances when errors have been made to the ballot printing or by the person in charge of the election.
SD - SB170 Repeal the large project development fund and the appropriation therefor, to provide tax rebates for certain energy projects, to establish and provide for the administration of the business incentive grant fund, and to make an appropriation for the business incentive grant fund.
SD - SB126 Create an oil pipeline indemnity bond program.
SD - SC21 Congratulating and commending Wyatt DeJong of Winner, South Dakota, and the Winner FFA Chapter for his outstanding year as the 2010-2011 National FFA Central Region Vice President.
+ − Cosponsored Bills (127)
SD - HB1003 Revise the limitation on the increases and decreases that may be made to the total taxable value of cropland and noncropland.
SD - HB1004 Reduce the term allowed for covenants not to compete.
SD - HB1067 Guarantee an employee's right to secure a physician and other medical services of their choosing for care under a worker's compensation claim.
SD - HB1068 Guarantee the right of individuals to secure medical services of their choosing.
SD - HB1074 Exempt certain counties from restrictions relating to the taking of muskrat.
SD - HB1088 Revise certain requirements for charging and collecting certain fees for confining certain people in the county jail.
SD - HB1089 Restrict certain state purchases of gasoline to ethanol blends.
SD - HB1096 Specify the venue for certain appeals involving home-rule municipalities.
SD - HB1102 Provide for a study of the feasibility of establishing an equine processing facility and to make an appropriation therefor.
SD - HB1105 Increase the energy minerals severance tax and to deposit the additional revenue in the education enhancement trust fund.
SD - HB1106 Restore funding for certain salary and expense reimbursement programs relating to veterans' service officers and to make an appropriation therefor.
SD - HB1108 Require the state to provide the public with access to an electronic database containing certain information on any loans, grants, or tax rebates provided by the state for the purpose of economic development.
SD - HB1111 Revise certain provisions regarding the use of eminent domain by certain nongovernmental entities.
SD - HB1116 Exempt bedding used for agricultural purposes from sales and use taxes.
SD - HB1117 Provide for the taking of muskrats by shooting under certain conditions.
SD - HB1121 Amend rate stability provisions to include plant additions.
SD - HB1122 Revise certain provisions relating to the vacation, change, or location of highways.
SD - HB1123 Establish the state employee work enhancement program to equalize the tuition rates paid by state employees.
SD - HB1133 Establish the Legislature's Planning Committee.
SD - HB1134 Place the caucus leadership on the Executive Board of the Legislative Research Council ex officio.
SD - HB1138 Declare that any person who maintains or provides roll-your-own cigarette machines at retail establishments are cigarette manufacturers.
SD - HB1148 Prohibit political contributions by certain state employees to gubernatorial candidates.
SD - HB1149 Provide for legislative redistricting by a bipartisan, nonlegislative commission.
SD - HB1151 Revise certain provisions regarding the tuition paid by school districts for children in certain group homes or private child-care centers.
SD - HB1152 Provide funding to school districts for students with limited English proficiency through the state aid to general education funding formula.
SD - HB1153 Revise and clarify certain provisions relating to the revocation of fur dealer licenses.
SD - HB1164 Revise certain provisions regarding the sale of certain surplus property in Yankton County.
SD - HB1171 Clarify certain rules of evidence to determine the value of services for which special damages may be awarded in health care malpractice cases.
SD - HB1188 Provide widows and widowers of certain veterans free or reduced fees for certain hunting and fishing licenses and admission to state parks and other facilities.
SD - HB1195 Authorize the collection of fees for certain educational programming and services, and to declare an emergency.
SD - HB1202 Repeal certain provisions regarding reckless and unsafe driving.
SD - HB1218 Rescind the statute of limitations for any civil cause of action arising out of childhood sexual abuse.
SD - HB1219 Revise certain provisions relating to the process of collecting DNA upon arrest for a qualifying offense.
SD - HB1221 Increase the minimum wage and to provide for annual adjustments in the minimum wage equivalent to the consumer price index.
SD - HB1225 Revise the distribution of earnings from the education enhancement trust fund, and to establish the teacher compensation enhancement program.
SD - HB1226 Revise the index factor in the state aid to general education and state aid to special education formulas, and to require the Legislature to estimate general fund revenues for the current fiscal year and the next fiscal year.
SD - HB1230 Modify the publication requirements for water rights applications.
SD - HB1235 Revise certain provisions relating to the South Dakota state flag.
SD - HB1237 Assess agricultural land based on its actual use.
SD - HB1239 Revise the per student allocation for the state aid to general education formula.
SD - HB1240 Separately classify, assess, and tax agricultural land that is leased for certain purposes that restrict the use of the land.
SD - HB1250 Permit counties and townships to levy a capital improvement property tax for highways, secondary roads, bridges, and culverts.
SD - HB1256 Repeal the contractor's excise tax.
SD - HJR1003 Proposing and submitting to the electors at the next general election an amendment to Article VI of the Constitution of the State of South Dakota, relating to the right of individuals to secure medical services of their choosing.
SD - HJR1005 Proposing and submitting to the electors at the next general election an amendment to Article III, section 5 of the Constitution of the State of South Dakota, relating to single member house districts.
SD - HJR1008 Proposing and submitting to the electors at the next general election an amendment to Article III, section 6 of the Constitution of the State of South Dakota, relating to four-year legislative terms and term limits.
SD - HCR1001 Recognizing the week of January 22, 2012, through January 28, 2012, as Reproductive Rights Awareness Week.
SD - HCR1002 Urging Congress and the South Dakota congressional delegation to support federal legislation to protect the United States Postal Service.
SD - HCR1003 Encouraging South Dakota hospitals with maternity care services to become Baby Friendly by implementing the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding.
SD - HCR1006 In opposition to certain actions by animal rights groups to undermine agricultural producers.
SD - HCR1008 Recognizing the week of June 25 through June 29, 2012, as Ag Week in South Dakota.
SD - HCR1010 Urging Congress to adopt a proposed constitutional amendment limiting federal legislation to a single subject.
SD - HCR1012 Directing the Department of Game, Fish and Parks to return a mountain lion carcass or pelt to a certain Harding County resident and to reconsider its policy with respect to possession of mountain lion carcasses and pelts.
SD - HCR1014 Urging the United States Department of Veterans Affairs to reconsider its proposed closure of certain VA facilities in Hot Springs.
SD - HCR1018 Urging Congress to restore the impact aid program.
SD - HC1001 Honoring and supporting the Scotland Kuchen Feier on the occasion of its third annual event.
SD - HC1003 Commending and honoring the community of Delmont on its one hundred twenty-fifth birthday.
SD - HC1004 Thanking and commending the Teach for America corps members who live and teach in South Dakota for their tremendous efforts in working to ensure that every child growing up in poverty receives an excellent education.
SD - HC1005 Congratulating and honoring Rob Monson on his election as the 2011-2012 President of the National Association of Elementary School Principals.
SD - HC1006 Honoring and commemorating the anniversary in 2012 of the fifty-fourth annual Schmeckfest in Freeman, South Dakota.
SD - HC1009 Commending and honoring the 2011 Habitat for Humanity South Dakota Habitat Supporters of the Year.
SD - HC1011 Congratulating State Representative Kim Vanneman of Ideal, for receiving the South Dakota Corn Growers Outstanding Legislative Leadership award.
SD - HC1013 Commending and honoring those who served in the Korean War, on the sixtieth anniversary of the war's end.
SD - HC1014 Commending and honoring Dennis Povondra, business manager at Bon Homme 4-2 School District, on his retirement after thirty-six years of exceptional service.
SD - HC1015 Celebrating and honoring Tabor's Annual Czech Days Festivities on the occasion of its sixty-fourth anniversary on June 14, 15, 16, 2012.
SD - HC1016 Commending and honoring Avon Elementary School as a National Blue Ribbon school for outstanding academic achievement.
SD - HC1017 Honoring and commending the twenty-fifth annual Menno Pioneer Power Show.
SD - HC1021 Commending and honoring the VFW Voice of Democracy, Patriot's Pen, and Teachers of the Year award winners of 2012.
SD - HC1022 Honoring and commemorating Roger Nelson for his life-long commitment to sports in South Dakota.
SD - HC1023 Commending and honoring Spc. Dennis Jensen who was killed on active duty in Afghanistan.
SD - HC1024 Commending and honoring 2012 Miss Teen Great Plains International Alaina Bertsch on her accomplishment.
SD - HC1025 Thanking and commending Sanford Health, the University of South Dakota, and the Matson Halverson Christiansen Hamilton Foundation for their tireless efforts to promote rural economic development in South Dakota by assisting rural South Dakota's nontraditional students as they complete their healthcare degrees through the Prairie Futures initiative.
SD - HC1037 Honoring and recognizing seventy-five years of conservation leadership.
SD - HC1039 Commending and honoring Darin Peterka of Miller High School for his outstanding athletic performance.
SD - HC1042 Honoring the Canton High School wrestling program.
SD - HC1048 Acknowledging the nine sovereign Tribes within the borders of South Dakota and recognizing Governor Dennis Daugaard for his dedication to promoting a cooperative government-to-government relationship between the Tribes and the State of South Dakota.
SD - HC1050 Commending and honoring the town of Pierpont, South Dakota, on its one hundred twenty-fifth anniversary.
SD - HC1052 Congratulating and honoring the Huron High School Tigers Wrestling Team, its coaches, and student managers for ranking second in the 2012 South Dakota State Class A Wrestling Championship Tournament.
SD - HC1064 Commending and honoring Lake Area Technical Institute in Watertown, South Dakota, on receiving the designation as a Finalist With Distinction in the first annual Aspen Prize for Community College Excellence Program.
SD - SB58 Revise certain provisions concerning elections conducted at voting centers and to declare an emergency.
SD - SB60 Provide for the award of joint physical custody of children under certain circumstances.
SD - SB61 Exempt the production of certain plants and sod from sales and use taxes.
SD - SB76 Revise certain provisions relating to the retirement of justices and judges.
SD - SB83 Revise certain provisions relating to water development districts.
SD - SB86 Grant limited immunity from arrest and prosecution for certain alcohol consumption related offenses to persons who assist certain persons in need of emergency assistance or who are themselves in need of emergency assistance.
SD - SB93 Provide for the withdrawal of referred measures in certain circumstances.
SD - SB95 Modify distributions from the wind energy tax fund.
SD - SB100 Modify the ethanol production incentive payment to include qualified producers of biobutanol.
SD - SB101 Authorize counties to borrow money using promissory notes.
SD - SB102 Clarify the procedures for the apportionment of funds among townships.
SD - SB103 Revise the procedure for cooperatives giving notice to persons whose records are missing regarding ownership of securities, apportionment of equity interest, money, or property.
SD - SB104 Revise certain provisions concerning the investment of public funds.
SD - SB116 Revise certain provisions relating to the township road system.
SD - SB119 Revise the Human Relations Act to allow certain discriminatory practices to be investigated by municipalities and counties.
SD - SB121 Expand medicaid eligibility for pregnant women and to make an appropriation therefor.
SD - SB123 Revise how the taxes are applied to rural electric companies.
SD - SB124 Revise per student allocation for state aid to education, to revise the property tax levies for the general fund of school districts, and to revise certain provisions concerning state aid and local effort.
SD - SB125 Require certain day care providers to mail notices of noncompliance.
SD - SB134 Establish or revise the elements of the criminal offenses of obstructing an officer, refusing the lawful order of a law enforcement officer, and fleeing the scene of a potential investigation, and to provide penalties therefor.
SD - SB143 Increase the number of allowable nonresident waterfowl hunting days.
SD - SB144 Amend provisions regarding captive insurance companies.
SD - SB151 Provide a time period before certain action on the general appropriation bill may commence.
SD - SB153 Authorize the transfer of certain landowner preference big game licenses.
SD - SB157 Revise certain provisions relating to outdoor advertising signs.
SD - SB159 Authorize funding for certain tribal colleges to defray certain costs associated with educating nonbeneficiary students at tribal colleges and to make an appropriation therefor.
SD - SB161 Revise certain provisions concerning public meetings held by teleconference or videoconference.
SD - SB162 Provide for the designation of certified technology parks.
SD - SB166 Require evidence of financial responsibility at the time of vehicle registration, to provide for a motor vehicle insurance data base, and to provide for the administration thereof.
SD - SB169 Establish the Regional Watershed Advisory Task Force.
SD - SB174 Increase the 911 emergency surcharge, to revise the collection and distribution of the surcharge revenue, to provide for point of sale collection of the prepaid wireless 911 emergency surcharge, and to provide funding for the upgrade of 911 emergency services.
SD - SB179 Authorize the South Dakota Energy Infrastructure Authority to make certain loans for certain energy development facilities and to provide appropriations therefor.
SD - SB185 Provide an exception from the statutory requirements for persons taking steps towards self-employment and to allow them to collect unemployment compensation.
SD - SB189 Provide a designation on certain nondriver identification cards, driver licenses, and permits that the card holders or licensees are honorably discharged veterans.
SD - SCR2 Urging the United States Postal Service to reconsider the closing of post offices in rural South Dakota.
SD - SCR3 Designating the month of November as COPD Awareness Month in the State of South Dakota.
SD - SCR4 Supporting the concept and further development of South Dakota First, an initiative for success and development.
SD - SC1 Commending and honoring the 2010-2011 Outstanding School Administrators of South Dakota.
SD - SC7 Honoring Beth Mayrose of Salem, South Dakota Girls State Governor, and Jack Gordon of Sioux Falls, South Dakota Boys State Governor; and commending the South Dakota American Legion and Auxiliary for their sponsorship and coordination of the Girls State and Boys State programs.
SD - SC10 Congratulating and honoring the South Dakota National Guard, both current members and all those who have served previously, on the one hundred fiftieth anniversary of the South Dakota National Guard on January 27, 2012.
SD - SC11 Recognizing the Rosebud Sioux Tribe Office of Legislative Affairs for its assistance to the State Legislature in carrying out the 2011 legislative redistricting process.
SD - SC13 Honoring the Pierre Junior Shooters BB Gun Team as National Champions.
SD - SC14 Congratulating Aberdeen, South Dakota, for its recognition as one of the 100 Best Communities for Young People.
SD - SC17 Honoring Amy Shan of Madison as a recipient of the Prudential Spirit of Community Award.
SD - SC18 Acknowledging the Waverly-South Shore High School Football Team for winning the 2011 State 9B Football Championship.
SD - SC19 Congratulating the Deuel High School Girls Gymnastics Team for winning the 2012 State Class A Gymnastics Team Tournament.
SD - SC23 Honoring and commending the citizens of South Dakota for their exemplary response to the Missouri River Flood of 2011.
SD - SC29 Recognizing the achievements of the South Dakota State University Women's and Men's Basketball Teams.


text:
My brown girlhood: no sleepovers, revealing clothes or boyfriends
Priya Minhas
Image via Priya Minhas
Growing up, my family spoke of women who broke the rules like the titles of Friends episodes. There was the One Who Ran Away with a White Man, the One Who Got Married Twice, the One Who Never Married, the One Who Was Probably a Lesbian, and the One Who Smoked Cigarettes.
Sometimes these women ran away from their communities, and sometimes they were forced to leave. Either way, they lived in exile, resurfacing only when they were spotted in the supermarket, or on the tongues of others as a cautionary tragic tale. I know little else about these women. They were often of my mother's generation, and their stories had been told, and retold, their choices discussed and debated, long before I was born. Some were victims, some were villains, others were both, but by the time their stories reached me, the entire lives of these women had been condensed into an adjective. We spoke of them then as our own common cultural references, my aunts referring to them as I do Britney's 2007 head shaving or Kanye's "I'ma Let You Finish." We labelled and separated them, as we often do with women. The short one, the dark one, the pretty one. The Kelly, the Beyoncé, the Michelle. The Baby Spice, the Scary Spice, the Posh Spice.
I lived in fear of becoming one of those exiled women. I imagined them perpetually wandering the aisles of a supermarket, waiting to bump into someone they knew, waiting to be invited back home. Still, from a young age, I understood that I was connected to them. Our connection may not have been traced neatly on a family tree, but I understood that even in their exile, their shame could be transferred in the retelling of their stories from one woman to another like fresh ink across a page. The retelling of these stories was an act of prayer, not meant to shame but to instil a fear that would protect me and prevent me from ever becoming one of them. This is how I was raised—how not to be.
How Not to Be meant growing up with the promise of a life better than my parents had known. A life in which I would quietly, and often unknowingly, cash in on privileges paid for by the ones who came before me. My sisters and I were supposed to be the 2.0, the reason it was all worth it. Every school photo and each certificate placed on the mantelpiece was a step toward fulfilling this promise, each one an offering, a single penny placed at the altar to repay their sacrifice.
As girls, we were to follow a set of unspoken rules passed down through the stories of these women. A watchful eye was placed on our bodies from the moment we were born, and a large part of our cultural identity rested entirely on how we used them. Such was my dilemma, and the dilemma of many daughters of immigrants whose purpose seems to be the preservation of "our culture" as much as the progression of it.
Our cultural identity was the language, values, and customs my grandparents first carried as memories from India, but it was also the new words, recipes, and rituals that evolved as our family settled. It was adding masala to the spaghetti and eating samosas for breakfast on Christmas Day. It was the grocery stores, video shops, warehouses, and temples we built, and the communities that poured in and out of them. New roots were planted for us in these rituals. This was a way for my grandparents to create a more permanent state of belonging at a time when they could not pick up the phone or travel back home to be reminded of who they were.
The need to preserve and nurture all that was left of home was strengthened by the ever-present threat of having everything taken away. The fragility there, and here. Protecting these traditions was an act of self-preservation. We held on tightly to the things, places, people, and values that kept us safe, and could continue to keep us safe: a community and culture that reflected us at a time when our presence was often regarded as nothing more than a canvas upon which others could scribble out the terms and conditions of our stay.
My grandparents migrated to the UK with only the dream of opportunity. After years of watching the violence and destruction that came with British rule in India, they knew better than to carry over with them any hope for acceptance.
My sisters and I were sold a different dream, one of equality and assimilation. We worried less about our physical safety and more about the safety that came with "fitting in". In our pursuit of this, and in our ignorance, we often strayed purposefully from these carefully preserved cultural cornerstones. But as we navigated our path to belonging, there were three rules we continued to accept with the understanding that as brown girls it was "our culture": no sleepovers, no revealing clothes, and no boyfriends.
NO SLEEPOVERS
I grew up on the outskirts of London during the 1990s. As one of only a few Indian girls at school, I found my experience of girlhood consisted mostly of a slow surrendering to the idea that I did not have the right one. Instead, I had multiple versions of girlhood, none of which felt as though they belonged to me.
In some versions I grew up slowly, lagging five years behind the white girls, who filled water bottles with vodka and had their first kisses and broken hearts by the age of 15. In other versions I grew up fast, learning quickly which stories, words, and mannerisms to bring home and which to leave at school. Sometimes these versions threatened to collapse in on one another.
Having friends in my home carried the risk of exposing differences more easily hidden in the classroom. My mother switching to Punjabi on the phone or a framed photo of Ganesha meant explanations later. Constantly negotiating your difference as a person of colour means you are always explaining and excusing the plurality that holds you together, as much as it threatens to split you apart. My parents feared me growing up too fast, but juggling an identity that felt plural left me feeling old when I was young anyway.
Still, I often did have friends over, and on one occasion a friend remarked how lucky I was to have more than one type of cereal at home. I remember her words now because they remind me that I did not recognise the warmth and abundance of my own home. The truth is, I envied white homes for their "normality" as much as I feared them.
My parents' reluctance to allow sleepovers grew out of a fear rooted in the values of the NO BLACKS, NO DOGS, NO IRISH Britain where they had been raised, the same values that had justified decades of systematic, physical, and verbal abuse toward people like us. Their reluctance acknowledged a deeper internalised fear toward white people and what they perceived as universal white culture. It was a fear rooted in memory. Of motorcycles being set alight, of being spat at, of being cheered out of a pub, of being watched, then followed, then beaten, of not being able to trust a schoolteacher, colleague, or neighbour to do anything but stand by and watch.
For the first ten years of my life, I lived in the same house in a town on the edge of London. My grandparents lived on the next street over, but we would drive to their house anyway, except when I threatened to run away, slamming the front door and walking over instead. My uncles and aunts lived in the same town too, and we shuttled from one house to another, often daily, stopping by to fix something, have a chat, drop the kids off, or deliver steel saucepans of leftover food.
When I was 11, my family relocated to the United States. We flew back home to visit often, and during one of these trips I returned to our old house. My dad asked repeatedly if I was sure I was ready to see it, the same way he'd asked if I was sure I wanted to see my grandmother at her funeral. I stood in our old dining room, stunned by how small it was even now that it was empty. How it strayed so wildly from what I remembered. For many Christmases three generations of my family had piled into this room, sitting at tables—borrowed from the local community centre—that snaked around the perimeter. The walls themselves must have expanded to hold us all.
I think often about the way I have recreated that feeling of safety. In the cities and towns I have lived in since, I place anchors by remembering which bartenders put the change directly in my hand rather than sliding it across the counter, finding an eyebrow lady who understands "Just a tidy", and knowing which shortcuts to avoid at night. People of colour learn early to take responsibility for creating their own spaces and their own safety, whether that means choosing a university in a "diverse" area or simply looking for another person of colour in the room.
I live in New York now, and the truth is that I enjoy the anonymity it allows me. Community brings safety, but it also brings "What will people say?" Sometimes it is a luxury that I'm now able to define myself outside my community.
Other times I'm so homesick that I forget I'm living here by choice. For the women who ran away, and for those who were told to leave, I wonder how and where they created a home, and what happened when they didn't have somewhere to return to.
In 1955, my grandfather arrived at Wolverhampton railway station, guided to the city only because he had seen the words written on a letter and nothing more. A taxi driver picked him up and, without asking for an address, transported him to the doorstep of an Indian family the driver knew. This house, and the man who opened the door and welcomed him in, became my grandfather's first home in England. He spent the next few years sharing rooms with many other men like him, who pooled together their salaries. When my grandmother arrived five years later, she made a home out of these rooms, cooking for at least ten men at a time, men who had arrived on the doorstep like my grandfather once had.
Over the years, cousins, aunts, uncles, and grandparents passed in and out of my childhood home. Sometimes staying for months, other times stopping by for the evening. Our living room was the remedy. These were the days when you could arrive without calling first, when you could leave your shoes at the door and be welcomed in with a cup of tea or glass of wine, and dinner was always ready. I think back to my grandmother preparing food for each of the men in those small rooms, and my mother, now in America, thousands of miles away from those cousins, aunts, and uncles, but still always cooking extra.
As I entered my 20s and made homes of my own, friends would steal a t-shirt and makeup wipes before curling up in my bed, too drunk to go home, falling asleep to the sound of one of us thinking out loud in the safety of darkness. One night a friend showed up on my doorstep after leaving her boyfriend. One woman's home becoming a sanctuary for another is a theme that has punctuated some of my deepest female friendships.
NO REVEALING CLOTHES
For a few years, I attended an all-girls school in the UK. We all wore the same bottle-green uniform, and every morning the top of the bus, the back of the classroom, and the bathrooms would be filled with girls huddled together applying makeup or rolling up their skirts at the waist until the hems skimmed their thighs. The girls who, like me, had multiple versions of themselves would roll them back down and wipe off their faces before returning home. These were girls who dared not fly out of the school gates to flirt with boys but instead flirted with the idea of another life. Girls who knew to stretch the lie just far enough so that it didn't split entirely into two lives and force them to choose one.
Once my family relocated to the United States, I could wear shorts to school. My two pairs of denim cutoffs, one pink and one blue, are perhaps a seemingly insignificant detail, but wearing those shorts became just as much a part of our new American Dream as the yellow school buses, the Pledge of Allegiance each morning, and Chinese food that arrived in little white boxes on Friday nights. Before this, my sisters and I had worn shorts only on vacation. But now, in the suburbs of New Jersey, we were on a permanent one, because we were three thousand miles away from "What will people say?"
There is a photo of my grandmother taken shortly after she arrived in England. In it, her hair is cut short, falling just above her shoulders in relaxed curls. When I first looked at that photograph, at her standing next to a bike with her cropped hair, sleeveless top, and wide-leg trousers, I thought how she too had moved thousands of miles away from "What will people say?" But my grandmother cannot ride a bike. Her hair was cut during the year she spent in transit to England in order to make her look more westernised upon arrival.
Growing up, my relationship with my body, and what I did with it, centred on edging closer to whiteness. Whiteness—in pigment, not behaviour—is celebrated in my community, and "You don't look Indian" was the "You're not like other girls" for brown people. I chased it and accepted all of those scraps of "Pretty for a brown girl" and "You could be mixed" that always left me feeling empty. I suppose at one time those words meant safety before they meant self-worth.
Fitting in, it turns out, is a very physical process. I have spent years in a battle with my body, trying to make it compliant to the needs of others. I have tried to shrink it as though that could shrink my difference. Am I more welcome if I take up less space? If I can perch on the end, squeeze into the middle, hover by the door or against the wall and disappear? I have spent hours threading, waxing, and bleaching to achieve a feeling of cleanliness and normalcy. Hours running from store to store, trying to pack my body into something that says "Girl who deserves the job" or "Girl who can drink like the white girls".
Growing up, I kept a diary for brief stints of time, discarding it whenever I felt my handwriting had deteriorated. I was too afraid to commit any real thoughts and feelings to paper, and instead I wrote lists—of all the things I thought I needed, to make being me a little easier. Things to wear and say to convince other people of my worth.
I wrote—very matter-of-factly—that I would like to stop growing hair on my arms and legs, around the edges of my lip and along my tummy. Which I wished were smaller too. I wished that I was allowed to shave, to wear crop tops and lip gloss and platform jelly sandals, and to pierce my ears. For women like me, who are rarely considered beautiful or powerful, there is always a list. And as a young girl, I had enough conviction to write it all down, believing everything that separated me from acceptance could be condensed neatly into a page of bullet points.
It was my aunt who eventually pierced my ears. She was a newly trained beauty graduate at the time. She sat me at the top of the staircase of my grandma's house, marked my earlobes with a Biro, and told me to hold still. To everyone's horror, what resulted were two new holes resting just above where they were supposed to be. Those little studs, sitting so close and yet so far from where I had hoped, summed up so many of my attempts at chasing ideals not meant for me.
After the earrings, it was the large pink plastic bag from the British clothes store Jane Norman, which girls at school often repurposed as school bags. Jane Norman sold what I called "Friday night" clothes. Everything they sold was body-con, halter-neck, strapless, slinky, and mini. Jane Norman was for girls who hung out at under-eighteens nights, girls who could flaunt their sexuality without shame or surveillance, girls who could dabble in their womanhood without being burdened with preserving their innocence. I had no business being there.
After that pink plastic bag, I wished for a body slim enough to wear tight jeans and a plain white tee and, after that, skin hairless enough to lie out in the park with the blond girls in June. Edging closer to whiteness was my own Sisyphean task, pushing myself further away from looking like the "others" only to be repeatedly reminded that I would always be "other".
In America, I wore the shorts and the JanSport backpack and the American Eagle hoodie like the other kids. I went to homecoming dances and even had a white boy crush on me. But each day I spoke less and less, afraid that my accent would ruin the illusion and draw attention to the differences I had tried so hard to erase. Most days I didn't speak at all.
In aspiring to whiteness, there was loss too, because it required forgetting. Forgetting the words in Punjabi because I was too afraid to speak it outside my grandmother's house, letting my eyes glaze over at the mention of Diwali at school, lifting my shoulders in a shrug when someone asked whether dhal was spicy.
Sometimes I get a glimpse of who I could be if I stopped considering myself through the eyes of others. My potential spills out in front of me like a pint of milk that's slipped from my hand—impossible to put back and for a second, as it pours uncontrollably, beautiful. It is in my most mundane moments in New York, showing my skin without fiddling with my buttons or holding hands in public, that I am sometimes reminded of how far I've spilled out.
NO BOYFRIENDS
I met my best friends in school. I suppose we were quite literally put together, but in hindsight, it felt like an act of fate that each of our last names began somewhere between M and P, placing us all next to one another across two rows. Together we accounted for nearly all of the non-white girls in the class, branding ourselves the "ethnixx". We carved our girlhood out between those two rows, passing notes up and down to one another, talking about nothing and yet everything.
We shared an unspoken understanding that slowly shuffled my versions of girlhood into one. We were careful to say each other's names correctly, chiming in defensively whenever a teacher tripped over their pronunciation. There was no need to make excuses for why someone could not sleep over or to hide the dark baby hair that stretched across our stomachs and forearms. We knew better than to reference certain topics or anecdotes in front of each other's parents, and we knew to instinctively play alibi and cover for one another when a parent called asking after us.
For the first time I saw my adolescence through my own lens, and slowly my experiences were normalised. We each experimented with rebellion differently, but more often than not, our attempts were nothing more than small acts of subversion that we knew we could get away with. Some of us feared aunties, some feared fathers, and others feared God. Most of the time, we kept the secrets of others rather than our own. We lied to our parents to protect them. To lie was to play adult.
For most of us, falling in love was out of the question until we were at least eighteen, or married. Still, we exhausted our emotions, phone credit, and internet allowance with stories of our crushes and unrequited love. We took one another's heartbreak and excitement seriously, as though these feelings had been reciprocated or existed outside our conversations and imaginations. We fell in love alone, together.
White people fall in love loudly. They have nine lives when it comes to falling in love. Nine love lives, that is. Over the years, I have watched white friends bring love interests in and out of their homes, onto their social media posts, and along on their family holidays. Even the most fleeting of romances are displayed with a confidence I can only recognize as recklessness. Rarely, in my own community, have I seen anyone introduce or even acknowledge a partner until it is confirmed they are the One. When I have been in love, I have protected and compartmentalised my relationship, sharing that person with only a select few and with bated breath. I have often protected others from my own heartbreak in an attempt to protect myself from "What will people say?" and from becoming the One Who Picked the Wrong Guy.
Brown love is public only in the sense that it demands accountability. Most of the images and stories I consumed growing up have led me to believe that brown women fall in love secretly and often with sadness or shame. They taught me that there is beauty, romance, and virtue in holding back, in cutting the action right before lips touch, and leaving any real display of physical desire, affection, and sexuality to exist within the imagination. So many of my own experiences with love, too, exist largely within my imagination. I have spent so much of my life entertaining those emotions only in the hypothetical that when I scan through my history of love interests, the reciprocated and the unrequited feel equally real.
I have never enjoyed going on dates because I have never managed to arrive for one without leaving half of myself at the door. Even the most promising ones require me to split myself in two—the other half of me watching the night play out, never quite believing it.
When I think about dating white men, I think of white women. Specifically, the white women who arrive at the same party or same bar and manage to compliment me and replace me on my own date in the same sentence. I have spent enough time watching white people fall in love to know the exact moment I become the sidekick. On every occasion, I have seen it coming. I've watched with admiration how easily and deliberately the white woman can lean her body into him, hold his gaze, and believe herself to be the object of desire without caution or shame.
In these moments, I wait for the anger to arrive. It's not that I'm invisible to these women. They see me, but they simply don't believe me to be there in that way. I don't believe myself either, so I scoot over at the bar or go back inside the party. I call it a night. They act with an entitlement that I'm reminded I don't have, laying claim in a way that I cannot. It's a feeling of smallness that will not entertain the illusion, even briefly, that it could have been me, in a world that has repeatedly told me it cannot.
I fell in love for the first time somewhat unexpectedly and yet inevitably. Having grown up with the understanding that I was not allowed to date, doing so felt like something to be feared rather than celebrated. I feared the consequences of showing love, which also meant I feared allowing myself to be loved in return. Giving in to my emotions, as honest as they were, felt like betrayal. I had been defeated and became the girl living a second life. I was consumed with guilt, and as one lie shattered into ten and then 20, I felt myself becoming closer and closer to the women I had grown up being warned about. It's easy to speak openly of the women we celebrate and model ourselves on becoming, yet perhaps it is the women we silently swear never to become that influence us the most.
My heart aches for brown girls who fall in love in the shadows. Whose love stories are confined to deleted messages, libraries, lunchtimes, and their imagination. Who can only laugh at the idea of meeting a boyfriend's or girlfriend's parents, making it Facebook official, or being walked home right up to the door. These are the girls who knew how to curate and filter themselves long before social media.
My heart aches because these are the girls who have learned to accept being loved only part-time, who must endure the pain of heartbreak by themselves, and then carry the shame alone too. The girls who can't hear their parents say "You deserve better" instead of "What will people say?"
I once read that "a path connects one place to another, but it also measures the distance that separates two places. A line at once joins two points and keeps them apart." Through the hopes, fears, mistakes, and ideals of my heritage, I learned How Not to Be. Those three rules—no sleepovers, no revealing clothes, no boyfriends—formed the line that kept me connected to my culture throughout my girlhood as much as it kept me apart.
Turning the experiences of the women who broke the rules into little more than cautionary tales led me to believe there was one acceptable and universal brown girl experience. Defining myself by how closely I followed those rules led me to believe there was a right way to grow up.
So, my girlhood meant growing up twice. My first coming of age was learning the rules. The second was breaking them.
This is an edited extract from "How Not To Be", an essay that appears in The Good Immigrant USA.
Swipe Left: I turned my bad dates into fun anecdotes but at an emotional cost
Eilidh Akilade
Swipe Left: We're in a cost of loving crisis and it's draining my wallet and patience
Kushie Amin
Queeries: how can I get over my fear of dating apps?
Aisha Mirza
Watch a heart-warming celebration of Muslim motherhood
Suyin Haynes
Swipe Left: I never had young love – does that mean I've missed out?
Shanice Dover
The first time I owned my queerness was in front of an aunty doctor
Lamya H.
This Lunar New Year, Asian communities deserve the right to grieve and fear
Katie Goh
How a family photo led me to discover the history of people of colour in Scotland
Amanda Thomson


of, relating to, or of the nature of a vein.
having, characterized by, or composed of veins.
pertaining to the blood in the pulmonary artery, right side of the heart, and most veins, that has become deoxygenated and charged with carbon dioxide during its passage through the body and that in humans is normally dark red.
I had triple the normal rate of venous thromboembolism—a blood clot forming disorder—and an elevated risk for male breast cancer.
Venous thromboembolism—a condition that leads to blood clots—can be prevented fairly easily.
Now, the venous system routing blood around the scarred parts of my liver is more complex, more liable to rupture.
The Chick may be taken to illustrate the development of the venous system in Birds.
Having parted thus with its impurities, the venous blood ebbed back again from the right ventricle into the venous system.
Cardio-coelomic: applied to the venous openings from the heart to the body cavity.
The blood left its source in the liver, by way of the roots of the venous system, that is, by the hepatic veins of modern anatomy.
1620s, from Latin venosus "full of veins," from vena (see vein).
Of, relating to, or contained in the veins.


text:
LEVERAGED PRODUCTS
Forex options
See spreads and commissions for all asset classes
See the commissions, charges and margin schedule
Review the margin requirements for leveraged trading
Find more details about trading our products
Plan, place and manage trades on MT4 and benefit from Saxo's best-in-class execution and liquidity
Joint account
Create an account with a family member
ISA account
Make the most of your tax-free allowance
SIPP account
Make your own pension investment decisions
Trust account
Invest your trust fund through our platforms
Introduce like-minded traders to Saxo and earn a cash reward
SaxoScenarios
Test your trading skills with our risk-free simulation game
Refer a friend programme
Orders and Execution Statistics
International Australia 中文 België Belgique Česká republika Danmark France Hong Kong S.A.R 中國香港 Italia UAE الشرق الأوسط Nederland Norge Polska По-русски Singapore Slovenská republika Switzerland Suisse Schweiz 日本
CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 66% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how CFDs, FX or any of our other products work and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money. Losses can exceed deposits on some products.
Sour grapes for green transformation amid COP26 talks
Equities 8 minutes to read
Peter Garnry
Head of Equity Strategy
Summary: Vestas delivered its third straight quarter of disappointing operating income due to unhedged steel prices impacting costs, but rising transportation costs and supply constraints are also impacting Vestas negatively and the wind turbine maker does not expect the headwinds to ease until late 2022. Orsted, the world's largest developer of offshore wind farms, delivered on earnings but investors are sending share down as short-term risks have increased and Orsted's equity valuation is still richer than Apple. Finally, we also take a look at the solar industry which is also under pressure this year from rising polysilicon prices.
At the COP26 meeting the political class and industry talk about goals for the future to limit the impact from climate change, but on the ground some the more mature technologies applied to solve the issues are experiencing a setback.
Vestas will face headwinds into late 2022
Vestas has reported Q3 revenue at €5.5bn vs est. €5.1bn and EBIT excluding one-off items of €325mn vs est. €387mn, and maintains revenue outlook for the fiscal year but lowers the EBIT margin to 4% from previously 5-7%. This is an somewhat embarrassing downgrade as this is the third weak quarterly earnings from Vestas driven by unhedged commodity input prices on steel and other materials. The world's largest wind turbine maker is guilty of trying to smooth things with investors instead of acknowledging the enormous pressure from commodities and transportation costs. Vestas shares are down 14% today and down 18% over two trading session as investors were preemptively dumping the shares yesterday despite a positive session in global equities.
Source: Saxo Group
Rising commodity prices including steel which is the dominant part of a wind turbine are slowing down orders and wind projects, but at the same time higher energy prices are making wind power more affordable. But many wind turbine farms are based on negotiated electricity prices and if Vestas passes on all the cost increases then these projects may no longer be profitable for the operator. So the volatility in steel prices is making planning more difficult and Vestas may suffer from this conundrum for a while. The long-term outlook for wind turbines does still long strong as governments and COP26 talks show huge support for the transition to renewable energy sources. The question is whether investors will look past the next year and keep Vestas at these high equity valuations (valued at 30x FY22 earnings).
Sentiment sours on Orsted despite earnings beat
Orsted reported earlier Q3 EBITDA of DKK 3bn vs est. DKK 2.8bn and revenue of DKK 14.5bn vs est. DKK 9.8bn, driven by the centralized heating and power business offsetting weakness in its offshore wind power business that has been hit by historically low wind speeds this year costing the company DKK 2.5bn compared to the first nine months of 2020. The company announced that it is divesting 50% of its Greater Changhua 1 wind farm and earlier this year it sold a portion in a zero-subsidy German wind farm underscoring the investor demand for these wind farm projects. Shares are nevertheless down 5% in today's session as investors might be questioning the valuation relative to the growth in the business.
The company guidance DKK 15-16bn in EBITDA excluding new partnerships which using DKK 401bn in enterprise value gives you an operating earnings yield of 3.9%. For comparison Apple is valued at 5% with a stronger business model, less volatility, and much lower CAPEX needed and thus higher return on invested capital. But Orsted's valuation and investor appetite is held up by extraordinary forecasts for wind turbine capacity (18% p.a. towards 2035) on a global scale over the coming decades (see figure).
Source: Orsted
The green transformation is more than wind of course, and solar had a good October offsetting a disappointing year. Polysilicon prices are surging as a function of higher energy prices. The majority of the world's solar modules are produced in Northern China which primarily uses coal as the fuel source for electricity generation, and with coal prices galloping higher this year prices on solar modules are also rising. After a strong 2020, solar stocks are down 5% for the year (chart), but as with wind the growth outlook is strong and last year 40% of total new net addition of power generation came from solar and Bloomberg New Energy Finance expects that it could increase again this year. The problem with solar is that the producers are facing the deflationary forces of rapid technological development just like personal computers in the 1990s, which however will normalize in the future when the marginal gains slow down. In the meantime, the gains on solar are likely best obtained on the asset side (utility companies owning utility-scaled solar farms) instead of the manufacturers.
Access both platforms from your single Saxo account.
- Notification on Non-Independent Investment Research (https://www.home.saxo/legal/niird/notification)
- Full disclaimer (https://www.home.saxo/en-gb/legal/disclaimer/saxo-disclaimer)
Saxo Markets
40 Bank Street, 26th floor
E14 5DA
For existing clients, please click here to request support via the Support Centre.
Have a question about our products, platforms or services? Visit the Support Centre to find answers for our most frequently asked questions. If you are still unable to locate an answer to your question, you will also find contact details for your local Saxo office to speak with a representative.
CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 66% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how CFDs, or any of our other products work, and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money. The value of your investments can go down as well as up. Losses can exceed deposits on some margin products. Professional clients can lose more than they deposit. All trading carries risk.
All trading carries risk. To help you understand the risks involved we have put together a series of Key Information Documents (KIDs) highlighting the risks and rewards related to each product. Read more
Additional Key Information Documents are available in our trading platform.
Saxo Markets is a registered Trading Name of Saxo Capital Markets UK Ltd ('SCML'). SCML is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority, Firm Reference Number 551422. Registered address: 26th Floor, 40 Bank Street, Canary Wharf, London E14 5DA. Company number 7413871.
This website, including the information and materials contained in it, are not directed at, or intended for distribution to or use by, any person or entity who is a citizen or resident of or located in the United States, Belgium or any other jurisdiction where such distribution, publication, availability or use would be contrary to applicable law or regulation.
It is important that you understand that with investments, your capital is at risk. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. It is your responsibility to ensure that you make an informed decision about whether or not to invest with us. If you are still unsure if investing is right for you, please seek independent advice. Saxo Markets assumes no liability for any loss sustained from trading in accordance with a recommendation.
Apple, iPad and iPhone are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. App Store is a service mark of Apple Inc. Android is a trademark of Google Inc.


The Centre for Food Safety (CFS) of the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department urged the public not to consume a kind of loose-pack dried daylily flowers containing sulphur dioxidetoday on July 3, a preservative, at a level exceeding the legal limit.
A spokesman for the CFS said, "The CFS collected a sample of loose-pack dried daylily flower from Kai Bo Food Supermarket on Kam Wah Street, Shau Kei Wan, for testing under its regular Food Surveillance Programme. The test result showed that it contained a preservative, sulphur dioxide, at a level of 20 000 parts per million (ppm), exceeding the legal limit of 500 ppm."
Sulphur dioxide is a commonly used preservative in a variety of foods including dried vegetables, dried fruits, pickled vegetables and meat products. This preservative is of low toxicity. As it is water soluble, most of it can be removed through washing and cooking. However, for individuals who are allergic to this preservative, there may be symptoms of shortness of breath, headache and nausea.
The spokesman said the Centre had informed the retailer concerned of the irregularity and instructed it to stop selling and remove from shelves the affected product. The CFS is tracing the source and distribution of the affected product. Prosecution will be considered.
The spokesman reminded the food trade that the use of preservatives in food must comply with the Preservatives in Food Regulation (Cap 132BD). Offenders are liable to a maximum fine of $50,000 and six months imprisonment upon conviction. Members of the public should buy food from reliable suppliers, and maintain a balanced diet so as to avoid excessive intake of certain harmful substances as a result of frequent consumption of a small range of food items.
He advised consumers who have bought the product and are allergic to sulphur dioxide to stop eating it. People should seek medical treatment if they feel unwell after taking the food.
The CFS will continue to follow up on the incident and take appropriate actions.


2013-10-22T14:11:01-04:00https://images.c-span.org/Files/412/201310221412131001_hd.jpgScottish National Party Leader Alex Salmond spoke at his party's annual conference in Perth, Scotland. He argued for Scotland's independence from the United Kingdom.
Scottish National Party Leader Alex Salmond spoke at his party's annual conference in Perth, Scotland. He argued for Scotland's independence from the United Kingdom.


With the recent addition of Accounts._options.bcryptRounds in Meteor v1.6.1 it is now possible to set the number of saltRounds bcrypt uses to calculate hashes.
I recently tried to use a custom value to increase the security of Meteor user passwords.
The default value is 10 rounds. When first looking into this, I wasn't exactly sure what a 'good' number would be. I understood a higher number is more secure, but takes longer to calculate. Sometimes in fact a lot longer because 10 is not 10 rounds, but 2 to the power of 10. So going up from 10 to 11 can be 100's of milliseconds increase in hash time (from what I've read it roughly doubles the hash calculation time each increment). This also means longer sign up and sign in times for password based accounts.
This would provide the highest security, without agonizing wait times for users signing in.
After a couple days, I created bcrypt-salt to provide this solution. It can strengthen the bcrypt config in 2-3 lines.
I'm currently using it in one of my Meteor projects so thought I'd post an example here for anyone interested.
This calculates the highest saltRound within a given maxHashTime and sets Meteor (v1.6.1 or higher) Accounts._options.bcryptRounds to this value. If for some reason it is lower than 10, it sets the default 10.
Recommended bcrypt saltRounds for this hardware is 11 running in 316.371854ms.
So I know I can use 11 without going over 500ms of hash calculation time (i.e. user sign in time).
500ms is provided as a default value. A time that is acceptable for each use case is subjective, so not meant as a recommendation. Each developer can set this to what works best for them.
Another use case is running the package as a utility to profile your server in different conditions (light load/heavy load) to find the optimal saltRounds for your app, then hard set this number.
In any case, thanks for reading. I've been a Meteor developer for about 4 years, this is my first npm package and grateful for any feedback.
node-baas - Node.js implementation of Bcrypt as a micro service.


text:
Cowork Frederick
Work for yourself, not by yourself.
Get a Day Pass
Coworking Visa
Log in / Log Out
Frederick Artists Night
Our Values and Beliefs
Member Spotlight: Joel Hall
Joel at a Glance:
Profession: Victim Justice Program Specialist at the Department of Justice Office for Victims of Crime
Personal Motto: "Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence in society." Mark Twain
Why he chooses to cowork: Because Netflix is too tempting.
What He Does
Joel has spent the last 25 years helping others get the support they need. Whether he's working one-on-one with people to connect them to programs that will support their growth and rehabilitation or overseeing discretionary grants programs at the State and local level, helping improve the lives of others is Joel's calling in life.
Social Work on the Individual Level
For almost 15 years Joel worked with organizations providing outreach, supportive housing, and crisis services to individuals with mental illness through community-based psychosocial rehabilitation programs. His mission to help others brought him to organizations like the Way Station as their housing and outreach coordinator, the Northern Virginia Family Service/Survivor's Fund Project as a case manager, and the Connecticut Legal Rights Project where he worked as a paralegal advocate.
Social Work on a Larger Scale
Knowing that people's lives were made better by his efforts made many of the challenges of social work worth it, but the financial challenges of the job eventually forced Joel to look for alternative work. Luckily he discovered that it was possible to stay true to his passion for helping others while making his work more sustainable.
As a Victim Justice Program Specialist he is able to help organizations and care providers assist people all over the country through programs and services focused on helping victims of crime. The scope of his work has broadened, but his mission remains the same. Some of the projects he is currently working on help provide funding, training, and technical assistance in crimes related to the opioid crisis, mass violence, terrorism, and tribal issues.
Paying Attention to Social Cues
During his time as a social worker Joel learned firsthand how people think, act, and respond under crisis. He learned how body language and speech can have subtle (and sometimes not so subtle) effects on the direction of a conversation. Being aware of what your body is communicating is especially important when dealing with people who are victims of crime or when you need to take control of a situation.
But body language and social cue awareness is not just for social workers; it can benefit anyone. Whether you are in the office, in a high stress situation, or communicating with loved ones, what your body is saying speaks as loud as your words. Joel shared some great tips for how body positioning can help you set the tone of your next meeting/business deal.
Using Body Language Effectively in a Meeting
Do you want the other person to see you as an equal?
Sit at the table directly across from them.
Do you want to force a deal?
Stand up. This shifts authority towards you.
Are you dealing with an aggressive person that just HAS to win?
Create space (close proximity can increase tension in intensely charged situations). Keep your tone calm and consistent. Don't apologize (signs of weakness cause aggressors to get more agitated).
Written by Courtney Johnson · Categorized: Members · Tagged: Coworking, Featured member, Member Spotlight
Hours Open to the public 9a - 5p Mon - Fri (members have additional access)
Location 122 E Patrick St Frederick, MD 21701
Rebels, Renegades, and Remote Workers
Tips, insights, and event invitations for Frederick's freelancers, entrepreneurs, and small biz owners.
Copyright © 2012–2021 · Altitude Pro on Genesis Framework · Log in


I looked like rainbow brite in three countries using one outfit! YOLO!
I use to love Rainbow Brite when I was younger. I was one of those kids who loved unicorns, sparkly things, outer space, and of course rainbows, all things that Rainbow Brite liked. I also liked to bring home interesting stuff that I found on the side of the road and eat random flowers, but we wont talk about that.(sorry mom) So when I saw this rainbow scarf at a market in Duabi I knew I had to create a magical outfit of rainbownesss and sparkly jewelry around it.
So I loved this outfit so much I actually wore it in three different countries (UAE, India, USA) including my hometown of NYC today! I ended up pairing the outfit with a sparkly flower brooch and 14kt opal and 14kt topaz ring. In the photos you will noticed that I accessorized differently in each country. In India I opted for a simple rustic gold tone circle necklace to complement the circles in the scarf. In UAE I ended up stacking 14kt gold necklaces because its the UAE and everyone is pimped out in gold there. The top is from forever 21 and the pants are from Koton.
Love the colors!! I was one of those unicorn obese girls too. I had Lisa Frank EVERYTHING. Great pictures!!
haha yes that was me too completely! Lisa frank backpack too!
Haha yes me to! Whenever I see unicorn jewelry I am always tempted to buy!
Yes it was fun to shoot it!
Wow stunning photos you look amazing!
I love the opal ring! Beautiful!
I love beautiful prints. The pants look great.
Love this post! Thanks for stopping by! Hope to see you again soon.


Many businesses have moved their email services to Microsoft Office 365 or Google G Suite to reduce costs. If you are thinking about making a similar move, you should consider other factors besides the financial impact. Here are the main advantages and disadvantages to keep in mind.
A key motivator for making the move, especially for small and midsize businesses, is reducing costs. However, if you are considering moving your business's email services to Office 365, G Suite, or another service provider, you should weigh all the pros and cons.
A secure email environment: Storing data in the cloud is a relatively secure practice, according to experts. Plus, cloud computing has matured to the point where there are now standards (e.g., ISO/IEC 27018) that service providers can follow to prove they are properly handling data in a secure manner.
Reduced capital expenditures and human resource costs: When companies use online email services, they do not need to purchase servers or software licenses. Plus, they do not have to pay staff to manage and maintain the email environment.
High reliability and availability: Most cloud-based email service providers have redundant systems to ensure their email services are highly reliable and available. For instance, both Office 365 and G Suite guarantee 99.9 percent uptime.
Built-in backups and archiving: Businesses that use online email services do not have to worry about backing up and archiving emails. The service providers automatically take care of these tasks. Plus, the backup files are stored off-site, which is an important aspect of any disaster recovery plan.
Effortless scalability: With cloud-based email services, companies only have to pay for the email services they currently need. If their business grows, they simply need to contact their service provider to scale up their email services.
Data not managed and maintained by employees: When businesses host their own email services, they get to select the employees responsible for managing and maintaining the email environment. With online email services, the provider takes on these responsibilities and businesses have no control over who is working with their data.
No Internet, no email service: With cloud-based email services, no Internet service means employees cannot send or receive emails internally or externally. In contrast, with an on-premises email server, users can still send and receive emails internally (i.e., within the company's local area network) when the Internet goes down. External emails still cannot be sent or received, though.
Some loss of control: When businesses use online email services, they lose control over some aspects of their email environment. For instance, they have no control over where their data is being stored and when software upgrades are applied.
Fees add up: Over time, the subscription fees for online email services add up. On top of the basic fee, service providers often charge additional fees to perform administrative tasks, such as adding or removing mailboxes.
Whether moving your email services to the cloud makes sense for your business will depend on many factors, including the number of employees, types of emails sent and received (e.g., whether they often contain sensitive data), and your IT environment. We can help you weigh the pros and cons based on your business's needs.


text:
local self = {}
GLib.Containers.Tree = GLib.MakeConstructor (self)

function self:ctor (value)
	self.Value = value
	self.Children = GLib.Containers.LinkedList ()
	self.ChildCount = 0
end

function self:Add (value)
	local child = GLib.Containers.Tree (value)
	self.Children:AddLast (child)
	self.ChildCount = self.ChildCount + 1
	return child
end

function self:AddNode (tree)
	if type (tree) ~= "table" then
		GLib.PrintStackTrace ()
	end
	self.Children:AddLast (tree)
	self.ChildCount = self.ChildCount + 1
	return tree
end

function self:AddRange (array)
	for _, value in ipairs (array) do
		self.Children:AddLast (GLib.Containers.Tree ()).Value.Value = value
		self.ChildCount = self.ChildCount + 1
	end
end

function self:Clear ()
	self.Children:Clear ()
	self.ChildCount = 0
end

function self:FindChild (value)
	for linkedListNode in self.Children:GetEnumerator () do
		if linkedListNode.Value.Value == value then
			return linkedListNode.Value
		end
	end
	return nil
end

function self:GetChild (n)
	return self.Children:GetItem (n)
end

function self:GetChildCount ()
	return self.ChildCount
end

function self:GetFirstChild ()
	if not self.Children.First then
		return
	end
	return self.Children.First.Value
end

function self:GetEnumerator ()
	local enumerator = self.Children:GetEnumerator ()
	return function ()
		local childNode = enumerator ()
		if not childNode then
			return nil
		end
		return childNode.Value
	end
end

function self:RemoveLast ()
	if not self.Children.Last then
		return
	end
	self.ChildCount = self.ChildCount - 1
	self.Children:Remove (self.Children.Last)
end

function self:ToString (indent)
	indent = indent or 0
	local tree = string.rep ("  ", indent) .. "+" .. tostring (self.Value)

	for linkedListNode in self.Children:GetEnumerator () do
		local treeNode = linkedListNode.Value
		local value
		if treeNode then
			value = treeNode:ToString (indent + 1)
		else
			value = string.rep ("  ", indent + 1) .. "+[nil]"
		end
		tree = tree .. "\n" .. value
	end
	return tree
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub