On September 30, 1941, Alexander Riosanu, the governor of Bukovina died. He was followed after a short transition period in which General Secretary Vasile Florescu ruled, by Brigadier General Calotescu, who brought his subordinates from his home town of Pitesti. He immediately installed the so called "military cabinet," which had the task of killing the Bukovina Jews in the spirit of the Nuremberg laws. The members of this military cabinet were: the colonel of the General Staff, Petro Chiritescu, the Cabinet Director Stefan Marinescu and Captain Viktor Pacuraru. The chairman of this cabinet was the governor himself. His work in connection with this devilish plan which was hatched against the Jews was a strict secret and practically nothing leaked to the public. Nevertheless, with time, because of the indiscretion of subordinate officials, some information oozed out giving hints of disasters to come and distressing the Jewish population. One spoke of deporting the "undependable and undesired" elements. The unease increased from day to day. One soon learned that a gendarme battalion was on its way from Iasi to Czernowitz with the task of guarding the Jews who were to be transported. There also were circulating rumors about the creation of a Ghetto in Czernowitz. The Jewish leadership turned immediately to the leading Jews in Bucharest and shared with them the information from reliable sources and pleaded for an intervention at high levels in favor of the Bukovina Jews. They received a disturbing answer. According to the reply, the government had not authorized the Governor of Bukovina to take any steps regarding the Jews and it would be irresponsible to give any credit to unsubstantiated rumors. In spite of this dismissive reply, the panic grew from day to day. A Jewish printer who worked in the government printing plant brought the news that documents had been printed concerning the vacated Jewish dwellings and the deportation. Gruesome reality soon replaced the general uncertainty. Around midnight of the 10th to the 11th of October 1941, members of the committee which was responsible for aiding of Jewish social organizations were woken from their sleep by the gendarmes and police organizations and given orders to report to the military headquarters at 6 in the morning. As the delegation appeared at headquarters, the commander, General Vasilei Jonescu in the presence of his stall of officers informed them in the name of the Governor General Calotescu that the Jews of Czernowitz had to move to the area of the city assigned to them by 4 PM and were permitted to take only as much luggage as they and their immediate family could carry.
Anyone who resisted this order and was found after the above mentioned time outside of the area designated for Jews was to be shot immediately. Only the courageous Dr. Leo Weich demanded to see these orders in writing, was threatened with execution and was finally released. The high military stressed that the delegation was not to question the ordinance and moreover to see that it was strictly carried out. The delegation immediately went to the Jewish infirmary and decided to use a notice written on a typewriter and messengers to inform the entire Jewish population of the city of the government's orders and to urge them to be in the allotted area within the set time. This quarter of the city was densely populated and had for many years been chiefly inhabited by Jews. It sheltered approximately 10,000 Jewish residents. Now 45,000 more Jews were to be squeezed into this area within 10 hours. At the first moment, it appeared impossible to carry out the orders of the officials. Only the national solidarity of the Czernowitz Jews and the knowledge of their common destiny made the impossible possible.
And then began the deportations. It became more comfortable in the ghetto. The first transport to Transnistrien was prepared. It was the time of the Sukkoth festival, October 14, 1941. The column of the first 5,000 moved through the lower part of the city, through the dirty and swampy streets behind the Great Synagogue to the Czernowitz freight station. The chief rabbis of Bojan (Friedmann) and Horodenka (Hagar) walked in the lead, surrounded by their followers. They wore their holiday garments. There was no crying or moaning.
Suddenly they stood before the cattle cars that were ready for them. Romanian gendarmes were on duty here. They were driven with blows from riffle stocks into the cars, 40 to 50 people and their baggage in each car.
In the Jewish infirmary, the headquarters of the Committee, there was feverish activity. Lists were made of those people who were not supposed to be deported. Not all Jews were to leave the city. The mayor, Dr. Traian Popovici stepped in for them. Lists were made and were continuously corrected. Jewish and non-Jewish brokers worked on the plan. Meanwhile, the net was pulled tighter around the ghetto. Conditions were unbearable. Epidemic sicknesses started. The transports continued. Also, the Jews from the area of Bukovina not occupied by the Russians in 1940 were drawn into the deportation. One after the other the Jews of Radauti, Suceava, Gura Humorului, Kimpolung and Dorna Watra, approximately 40,000 in number were deported to Transnistrien on the 9th and 10th of October 1941.
In spite of the fact the ghetto wall enclosed only a small part of the city; many Jews were successful in escaping the grip of the police and the gendarmes. Approximately 5000 people either sought out invisible hiding places or secretly slipped out of the ghetto. Later, with authorization from Popovici, they were permitted to leave the ghetto. Many remained in the infirmary and the old people's home because they were not capable of being transported. Approximately 15,000 Jews received authorization from the governor to return to their homes outside the ghetto.
The return from the ghetto took place gradually, The happy ones had to, before they returned to their sealed dwellings, go through a procedure with the authorities where they signed a document stating that when the dwelling was opened everything was in order and all their possessions were there. During the stay of the Jews in the ghetto, many of their homes were lived in by Romanian officials and officers. There began a battle over possessions and ownership. The home robbers threatened the Jews who wanted their belongings back with deportation and tried in this way to intimidate them. In most cases, this method was successful.
They found that in most cases, their homes had been plundered. All the Jews returning from the ghetto had to undergo further scandalous procedures. The legitimacy of their work authorizations had to be recertified. The authorities decreed that within 8 days approximately 10,000 authorizations had to be checked at a single government agency. The checking procedure involved producing various documents.
The checking of the work authorizations was ordered by the mayor's office and carried the stamp of Mayor Popovici. It was carried out in a humane way and unnecessary harassment was avoided. Where original documents were missing a written declaration confirmed by two Romanians was accepted. There was something else in addition: the provision of identity certificates at the police headquarters. This authorization had its own story. They also had to be examined by the military authorities in order to finally receive a special seal. By the order of the governor, all identity papers had to clearly be stamped "Evreu" (Jew) on their title page. With time, these lost their significance, especially in Bukovina. The Jews received on the basis of a census, a new legitimization, the so-called yellow L card, wit a yellow Magen David (6 pointed star) stamp, whose loss could result in the holder being driven out of the city. There were also material sacrifices associated with this census and it caused great trepidation for the Jewish population. The proof of identity had to be signed by three authorities – governor, police and the Jewish District Office.
The results of this census of all Romania was officially made know as follows: 287,000 Jews in Old Romania and Siebenbuergen as well as approximately 21,00 in Czernowitz. Of these, 5000 were deported to Transnistrien in June, 1942.
Then the War Ministry got involved. The police continued to search for Communists and deserters. Show trials were held for the Communists. At the same time, Jews who had run afoul of the army or the Romanian officials were given less public trials. Although, after the last deportation of the year in December, 1941, the visible ghetto walls of wood and barbed wire in Czernowitz were torn down and the Jews who through chance, luck, connections or bribery had been spared deportation were allowed to go back to their earlier dwellings, the intellectual, spiritual and moral ghetto walls were higher and stronger.
The stream of refugee Polish Jews to Czernowitz never ceased. One can say with confidence that in 1940, the flow out of the German and Russian occupied areas was about equal. In Czernowitz with a majority population of Jews, the refugees were always able to get help from the Jewish population.
After Germany's declaration of war on Russia on June 22, 1941 and the victorious advance of the German army across the Dnister and Bug, the situation of the Polish Jews got worse and worse until it became a looming tragedy. There came again and again large or small groups to Czernowitz and called to the Jewish population for rescue and help. One of Antonescu's decrees stated that any Jewish refugees who crossed the border from Poland were to be shot. In spite of this, the flow of Polish refugees never ceased.
The refugees were brought into contact with the Jewish Community and secretly received monetary support.
The legalization of the refugees was the job of the hour. It became ever more difficult. Now and then, in spite of the greatest attempts at caution, they were captured, dragged to the police and sooner or later taken over the border where the Ukrainian militia or the Gestapo killed them. In numerous memorandums, the Jewish leaders working with the leaders of the illegal Jewish Polish Committee appealed to Jewish and non-Jewish dignitaries and institutions in Bucharest to stop the persecution. The protecting power for the Polish citizens in Romania was the Chilean government in Bucharest, represented by the Chilean ambassador. After long negotiations which were associated with large bribes they succeeded in legalizing the Polish Jewish refugees at the Chilean embassy and obtaining Chilean passports for them.
The difficulties in crossing the border became greater from hour to hour. The "stool pigeon" system was pervasive. The refugees had to be put in different hiding places to escape the grasp of the officials. New quarters were found, basements, attics, ruins of deserted dwellings and destroyed factory buildings.
The situation of the refugees first improved when the Chilean ambassador finally left the country.
The Swiss, whose ambassador in Bucharest, DeWeeck, continued the policies of his predecessor, became the protectors of the Poles living in Romania. With this change of protecting power, began a new era in the question of the Polish refugees. With DeWeeck, a diplomat came into the picture who did all he could for the unfortunate refugees within the framework of the existing situation. He opened a visa consulate in Czernowitz and entrusted Kunzli, a Swiss citizen living in Czernowitz with running this office. Gradually, moderation replaced lawlessness and humanity replaced barbarism.
In the meanwhile, a change came about in Bukovina's government. General Corneliu Calotescu and his entire staff, the already mentioned Military Cabinet stepped down – much was said about the shady business he had allowed as president of the Patronage Office – and he named Corps General Corneliu Dragalina as his successor. Dragalina was open to reason and did not permit open brutality against the Jews. This was in March, 1943.
The situation was also changing on the fronts. The rush of German victories was replaced with a sobering up. Leading Romanians, both military and civilians began to consider that they might possible be called to justice for the crimes they had committed. In this period, attempts were made to get the Polish refugees out of Czernowitz, provide them with false documents and secretly bring them to Bucharest. First, the children were brought to safety. They were taken by the Jewish organizations. All this occurred illegally. In Bucharest, the refugees, after a short procedure at the YMCA, were legalized by the officials. All the Jewish refugees received Polish names and were considered Christians. They were sent to the cities of Craiova, Caracal, Turnu Severin, Pitesti, Dragosani and Rosiori de Vede among others. The transfer to Bucharest involved large expenses which were mainly paid by the Joint Distribution Committee and the Esra Fund (Hazalah). In this way about 300 refugees got to Bucharest. In Czernowitz now remained only about 600 long established Jews form Poland, 20 Jews in jail and 29 sick in the Jewish infirmary. The aid in Bucharest was adequate, considering the situation. It was done under the eyes of the police and had a consequence. The leader of the Czernowitz Jewish Polish Refugee Committee was arrested. In Bucharest the arrest had far reaching consequences and won the sympathy of leading Jewish personalities.
The Jews who were driven to their deaths in Transnistrien had to leave their possessions behind. They were declared "property of the state" (averea statului). The confiscated objects were claimed by the Patronage Office and were taken to Czernowitz. They were supposed to be for the invalids and were to be used in equipping the hospitals. In reality the most valuable objects wandered into the hands of the top ten thousand of Romanian "societe." (The customs agents didn't fill out forms for the objects taken from the Jews). At laughable prices, the objects were purchased by the wives of high ranking officers and top civilian officials. At this auction, the Society of Romanian Women (Societatea doamnelor Romane) outdid itself.
Now the Jews could start the march over the Dniester. The Romanian government made sure that the pontoon bridge that connected Ataki with Moghilew could only be crossed without luggage. The weather was as unfriendly to the unhappy ones as their tormentors. In Margulesti, the casualties were heavier and more gruesome. The martyrs were severely mishandled by the gendarmes. A piece of bread could not be had at any price. In vain, desperate mothers and fathers sought a little milk or tea for their children. The march to Transnistrien had begun.
The word "Transnistrien" (Trans-Nistrului, far side of the Dniester) was a new geo-political concept introduced by Romania. It defined the area between the Dniester and the Bug, bordered on the south by the Black Sea. Before the World War, this area bordering on the Dniester was the Moldavian Soviet Republic with its capital city of Tiraspol. The eastern and southern part belonged to the Soviet Ukraine. The Romanians didn't consider this area as formally annexed and declared, half officially, that Transnistrien was only provisionally taken over for administration by Romanian officials in order to use the resources of the land to support the Romanian troops fighting in Russia. The number of Jews brutally murdered by the Romanian and German troops in this area numbered in the thousands and ten thousands. At the conquest of Odessa, 42,000 Jews were said to have been killed. The whole region was submerged in murderous battle. The works of destruction not completed by the retreating Russians were finished by the German bombers and artillery. The major cities in Transnistrien were reduced to heaps of rubble. Half way normal life could be found in the villages which were only brushed by the war. The great Kolchos and Sowchos businesses (private, collective and state businesses) remained almost untouched. Because of that, agriculture was not noticeably interrupted. In many cases, the herds of cattle in individual settlements were left alone.
At first, the Ruble which had maintained its purchasing power still circulated. As the Ruble was called in and the German authorities put the Reichs Credit Certificate into circulation, valuation problems immediately emerged. The farmers recognized instinctively the worthlessness of this money and did not want to sell their agricultural products for this bank note and when they were forced, they only sold their products at very high prices.
The deportees first arrived in the ghetto of Moghilev which was closely guarded. The buildings were for the most part, destroyed. When one found undamaged rooms in the ruins, then the windows and doors were missing. Only very few houses still had ovens. The tendency of the officials was to give the worst ruins to these unfortunate ones. Also, it was made impossible for the Jews to buy food. Because of these terrible living conditions, epidemics broke out.
Weeks and months went by before a reliable courier service was set up with the banished ones. The governor of Transnistrien, Prof. Gheorghe Alexianu, by birth a Romanized Armenian – his father Alessian had been sentenced to jail in Persia because of crimes he had committed and had escaped to Romania – forbid correspondence from and to Transnistrien. The couriers who came from the border towns, above all, Moghilev to Czernowitz were mainly officers and gendarmes who received high sums for the service and who demanded 40 – 50% of the amount involved for carrying money. At first, 60-70% of all money deliveries were "lost." At the same time, this method of sending letters and money was dangerous for the sender and the recipient. In all cases where letters were intercepted, the offender went before a military court. There then ensued long trials whose favorable outcome could only be ensured by spending large sums of money. At the same time, more and more disastrous news came from Transnistrien. The treatment of the deportees became worse from day to day. Governor Alexianu and his staff moved their headquarters from Tiraspol to the newly conquered Odessa, where he acted like the "pasha" of this new Romanian province. The next order of business was to establish a Greek Orthodox archbishopric. Dr. Puiu Visarion, who had recently lost his position as archbishop of the Czernowitz Metropol because of immoral practices and unethical dealings and had been sent to a cloister, was named as archbishop. The third in this gang was the newly named mayor of Odessa, Gherman Pantea, under whose regime, the granite monuments from the Jewish cemetery was removed, sent to Bucharest and there sold at high prices.
At the end of 1941, the catastrophic conditions in Transnistrien caused the chairman of the Association of Jewish Communities, Dr. Wilhelm Filderman, to send a letter to the leader of the country, Marschall Antonescu, in which he pleaded for help and mercy for the Jews in Transnistrien. In spite of the fact that this letter was very cautiously worded and dealt more with questions of humanity than points of law, it outraged Antonescu and provoked a reply that all the newspapers made a great show of printing and commenting on in a tone antagonistic to the Jews. Also, Bucharest radio reported the answer to Fildermann's letter to the world. It was dictated by an evil spirit, typifing the whole propaganda of lies against the Jews, whom it declared were as "free as birds." It was a terrible blow for the Jews, delivered from the highest place in the land. Fildermann suffered the consequences. He stepped down from his position of chairman of the Association of Jewish Communities and for a period, disappeared from the political arena.
Besides being in the city and the district of Moghilev, the deported Jews were also "accommodated" in Balta and Tulczyn. In Berschad which belonged to the administrative area of Balta the situation of the deportees was the worst. The poet, Alfred Kittner described in griping verses, how on the march from Odoboka to Berschad in 1942 the helpless people were attacked and killed by dogs.
The general rate of mortality was 50%. It took a long time for them to realize in Czernowitz what was going on. The news that reached Czernowitz revealed the terrible picture of the Jewish tragedy in Transnistrien. A great effort was made to alert the Jewish and non-Jewish public to the tragedy in Transnistrien and to quickly secure help.
While every possible step was being taken to ease the situation of the exiles, cries for help came from the other camps in Transnistrien. It turned out that the need for clothing was as urgent as the need for food and medicine. Most of their clothing had been exchanged for food, some had been stolen by the gendarmes and that which remained on their backs had worn out so quickly, that these poor people were literally draped in rags. They slept on the wet ground and only some of the lucky ones had wooden platforms to use. Certainly, there were a few Jews who were relatively well off and who were occasionally to rent for large sums, a room with a door and windows and sometimes even an oven.
Conditions were not everywhere the same as in Transnistrien. There were also places where Jews were used as farm workers and in spite of hard physical work, had a half way decent life because they received sufficiently nourishing meals every day.
In the first months of 1942, news of the catastrophe in Transnistrien was carried abroad from Czernowitz and Bucharest by foreign diplomats who were accredited in Bucharest. The International Red Cross in Geneva received detailed report about the situation. In America and England, the fate of the Jews in Transnistrien was already known. It still remained to inform the leading circles in Romanian public life, excluding those of course who belonged to the government, of the crimes committed against the Jews in Transnistrien, in corresponding form with the corresponding proof. In March 1942, memorandums were given to Julius Maniu and Dr. Nicolae Lupu, the leaders of the recently dissolved National Zionist Party in which the catastrophe in Transnistrien was described completely and a plea was made for intervention by the leader of the country, Antonescu. In addition, contact was made with Jewish Central. The chairman of the Czernowitz Jewish Community, Dr. Ludwig Dische, who led the political work in concert with the political exponents of the Zionist Central Committee set all the wheels were set in motion to obtain help for the Jews in Transnistrien.
Meanwhile, in February 1942, the governor of Bukovina sent a report to the central government in which it was stated that thousands of "undesirable" elements still remained in Czernowitz and these had to be sent to Transnistrien because they stood in the way of the complete "Romaniazation" of the province. Through its informants in the government, the political leadership of the Zionist Central Committee received timely news of this report and immediately informed Jewish leaders of all stripes and persuasions in Bucharest of the news. The answer was that there was no talk of new deportations in the central government. But already on May 8, 1942, it became known that Governor Calotescu had received "carte blanche" from the central government for further unrestricted deportation of the Jews.
On June 4, 1942 the Jewish District office and also the Jewish Community received the highly confidential news that in the coming days the "undesirable element" was to be deported. Representatives of the Community were given orders on the basis of which the leadership of the community was authorized to appear on Makkabiplatz in Czernowitz in order to be helpful in handling various procedures for those designated to be deported. The hunt for the victims started in the early morning hours. The police and gendarmes appeared between 3 and 4 in the morning and collected all the Jews who were designated for this transport. This time, it was the turn of those Jewish families who had the so-called "Popovici authorization" which was discussed earlier. The procedure had been made a bit simpler. Approximately 70 people of both sexes were marched over 2 km. from the Jewish infirmary to Makkabiplatz. Shriveled, worn faces revealed the age and despair of these people who were destined to die. The notorious Cabinet Director, Major Stelian Marinescu appeared on the Makkabiplatz in order to personally oversee the money exchange - this time, the rate of exchange was set at: one Reichs Credit certificate for 60 Lei, the valuation of gold, silver and jewels, the body searches and finally, the loading into the railroad cars. The victims selected for deportation received from the Jewish Community a monetary allowance and food sufficient for about three days.
Eight days later on June 13, 1942, the same story was repeated. This time if possible the authorities were even crueler. Even the residents of the Jewish insane asylum, approximately 70 people of both sexes were taken from the institution in the early morning hours, driven onto the street with rifle stock blows by the police and gendarmes, lined up for a train and marched through the lively streets to the collection area. No nurses or medical assistance was allowed. Many of them had fits of madness; many fell into apathy and let themselves be driven forward without protest. Weekly, more transports were to follow. The wheels had been set in motion and there was complete understanding between the governments of Bukovina and Transnistrien. Everything had to be tried to get the central government to suspend the deportations. A memorandum was sent to Monsignor Cassulo, the Papal Nuncio in Bucharest in which the situation of the Bukovina Jews who were sent to Transnistrien was described and in which he was asked to intervene with the deputy minister President and Foreign Minister Mihai Antonescu. Also, a memorandum written by Prof. Dr. Hermann Sternberg in Latin had previously been sent to the Pope through a diplomatic courier in which the history of the Bukovina Jews and their part in the development of the province was described and the charges raised against them because of Communist activity were refuted. The catastrophe in Transnistrien was described and a plea was made to the Pope to intervene with the responsible authorities. The chief rabbi of Bucharest, Dr. Alexander Schafran had an audience with the Romanian patriarch and pleaded with him to use his influence in favor of the persecuted Jews. Also, the chief rabbi of the Sephardic Community, Dr. Sabbatei Dajan, spoke with the Spanish ambassador in Bucharest and tried to win him to the side of the persecuted Jews. The Political Commission of the Zionist Central Committee moved its headquarters to the office of the Dr. Traian Popovici, the mayor of Czernowitz and a friend of the Jews and took all conceivable steps with the leading Romanian politicians, informed them in numerous memorandums of the plight of the Jews in Czernowitz and Transnistrien and challenged them to save the honor of Romania and to demand that Marshal Antonescu suspend further deportations. The deportation of the Czernowitz Jews stopped that next Sunday. The central government got a report by telegraph of what the governor was doing and demanded a written report. This was sufficient to halt the deportations for 8 days. During the pause while diplomatic negotiations continued with the central government, Major Marinescu convinced the governor to schedule a new deportation for June 28, 1942. This time it was the turn of the children in the Jewish orphanage. Through the indiscretion of a police functionary, the Central Council was informed of this planed crime and was able to stop it in time.
During the night Marinescu ordered the units he commanded to collect the Jews from several streets, to drive them to the collection area and to entrain them as quickly as possible. All in all, about 5000 Jews were deported in 3 transports. The saddest fate was reserved for the exiles in these last transports. Only a small portion were sent to the stone quarries of Ladischin. Their camp was surrounded by barbed wire and was completely cut off from the outer world.
The poet Alfred Kittner, who was among the deportees, gave expression in deeply felt verses to the mental anguish of the unfortunate ones.
Only with the utmost difficulties and great sacrifices was it possible now and then to get money to them. First after weeks and months of energetic exertions these poor people taken from the quarries of Ladischin to Tulczyn where life was a bit easier. The large majority of these three transports were sent to the region on the far side of the Bug administered by the Germans. Men and women were used by the Todt Organization to do hard physical labor under the most conceivably difficult conditions. They were used for street and bridge building as well as in the construction of fortifications. Anyone who was no longer capable of working was eliminated by the SS with no ceremony. Later, more work gangs were recruited. These were taken from the refugee camps which were situated in the border area along the Bug. There are precise reports concerning the fate of the Jews who worked in the Bug area under the supervision of the SS. Less than a dozen people succeeded in escaping to bear witness to the murders that took place.
A personnel change took place in the Military Cabinet of the Czernowitz government. The previously named Captain Victor Pacuraru was replaced by Major Grigore Sion as advisor for Jewish affairs. Sion attempted with some success to moderate the measures taken against the Jewish population and when possible, to eliminate them. Although he didn't have the power to change the course of events, he always came through in helping individual Jews.
The political work to stop further deportations didn't cease for a moment. Dr. Traian Popovici traveled to Bucharest in the name of the Jewish Community in order to urge all the leading Jews to take united actions, official and unofficial with the Central Government to negate Marshal Antonescu's Plein –Pouvoir-Edikt to General Calotescu, the governor of Bukovina.
The president of Jewish Central, H. Streitmann and his Secretary General, Dr. Nador Gingold promised, as official representatives of the Romanian Jews to put their case to the Central Government. Dr. Wilhelm Fildermann asked his political friends from the Liberal and National-Zaranistischen parties to intervene in the cause of the Jews in Czernowitz and Transnistrien. Also the Swiss ambassador, Deweek made friendly, half official requests to the Foreign Minister, Mihai Antonescu to intervene. If now and then the will existed to mitigate the anti-Jewish campaign, because of the political dependency of Romania on Germany, no steps were taken. Open defiance, was unthinkable as long as the German ambassador in Bucharest, Manfred Freiherr exercised political censorship.
In the spring of 1942, Jewish Central received permission to send money to Transnistrien by way of the Romanian National Bank. The exchange rate for the Reichs Credit Certificate was set at 60 Lei which was in no way proportional to its purchasing power. In Transnistrien, one had no problem purchasing a Reichs Credit Certificate for 20 Lei. Nevertheless, this concession allowed relatives and official Jewish institutions to send money without the risk of running afoul of the law. Jewish Central kept 10 percent f the money transferred to cover expenses.
In May 1942, the first news of the orphans starving in Transnistrien who had no clothing and were completely demoralized came to Bucharest and Czernowitz. One spoke of 500 orphans with no father or mother in Moghilev alone. In Bucharest a committee for helping the orphans was formed that collected large sums which made possible the construction of orphanages in Transnistrien.
In September 1942, 2135 people were deported to Transnistrien. They were mostly people from the whole Reich who were somehow involved in trials for Communist activity. Also included were people who had been charged with some crime and then eventually released and who had been rounded up by the political police.
Finally these people had to set out on the path of suffering to Transnistrien. They were all collected in in Tiraspol and put in the concentration camp. Approximately 1200 Jews were taken to Wapniarka, an old penal colony in the vicinity of Smerinka. Simultaneously, messages came to Bucharest and Czernowitz describing the terrible situation of these exiles and in which necessary medicines were requested. The "suspicious" Jews who were taken from Tiraspol to Wapniarka were fortunate enough to survive. A different fate was reserved for the "undesirable element" of 1000 who remained in Tiraspol. They were sent to the concentration camp in Berezowka, where they were all killed. The situation of the 6000 Jewish workers used by the Todt Organization in the shipyard Nikolajew was dreadful. They were completely at the mercy of their tormentors. They had to accomplish the most difficult physical work and as nourishment, received corn porridge made of meal from spoiled corn. The results of this nourishment were soon obvious. Pellagra spread and claimed its victims. In this city the Jewish workers were "fair game" Many of them were shot by the German military and civilians for sport and came severely wounded into the infirmary.
As time went on, the situation "normalized" in Transnistrien. The death rate sank, the ghettos were consolidated and Jewish craftsmen were employed. The Damocles sword of "Transbug" still hovered, however, over the Jews of Transnistrien who were continually in danger of being transported over the Bug into the German staging area. In the second half of 1943, the situation of the Jews living in the border area along the Bug became critical. The defeated German army was approaching this territory and there was the danger that all of Transnistrien would become a German staging area. In this case, the fate of all the Jews in Transnistrien would finally be sealed. At that time, alarm signals came from the city and district of Tulczyn which lay close to the danger zone. The first task was to move the deportees from the Bug River zone into the interior of Transnistrien. The Central Government in Bucharest was asked to repatriate these unfortunate ones to their earlier living area.
Jewish Central in Bucharest was primarily interested in repatriating the 6,700 Jews deported from the city and district of Dorohoi who were still alive. The Commissar of Jews, Radu Lecca, after long negotiations with the chairman of the illegal Zionist executive of Old Romania, Misu Benevenisti, had declared himself prepared to submit a proposal to the state leader, Antonescu, suggesting that all Jews in Transnistrien be repatriated. Dr. Fildermann spoke about the same subject with Under Secretary of State for Domestic Affaires, General Pichi Vasiliu and sought to win his support for repatriation. Mihai Antonescu standing in for the Minister President had a long audience with Dr. Wilhelm Fildermann and Misu Benevenisti in the private dwelling of a Romanian friend of his. Considering public opinion and the political pressure from the Germans, an official audience was not possible. All the problems that affected the Romanian Jews were thoroughly discussed. The contribution of four billion Lei imposed on the Jews, further, the enormous sums taken from Jews who were freed from forced labor, the anti-Semitic attitude of the mayor of Iasi, permission to bring in the 50,000 food packages provided by the Joint Distribution Committee for the use of the Jews now stored in warehouses in Istanbul, ending the requirement to wear the star of David in Czernowitz, the generosity of the Jews of that city, the repatriation of the Jews in Transnistrien, also, those imprisoned in Wapniarka penal colony, ostensibly on political grounds. All means were used to effect the repatriation of all the unfortunate ones. Letters and memorandums were given to the representatives of the International Red Cross in Bucharest, Charles Kolb and Wladimir von Steiger. They worked untiringly to help the Jews in Transnistrien and to bring about their repatriation. They can be thanked for the fact that the Romanian Red Cross started to interest itself in the Jews of Transnistrien and they were also responsible that the rescue of the orphans in Transnistrien and their repatriation to the individual cities of the Moldau was partially carried out. They stood in the closest contact with the Foreign Minister, Mihai Antonescu and informed the Swiss ambassador almost daily about the course of events.
The proposal of Radu Lecca to the State Leader Marschall Antonuscu (later, he and Foreign Minister Mihai Antonuscu were condemned to death as war criminals by the Bucharest People's Court and were shot in May, 1946. The same fate was shared by General Pichi Vasiliu, under secretary of state in the Interior Ministry and Prof Gheorghe Alexianu, the governor of Transnistrien) contained the following stipulation: The Jews of Transnistrien, Old Romania and Bukovina should be repatriated.
First, the children had to be considered, then the weak and sick, and then the great masses. The Jews from the part of Bukovina that had been occupied by the Russians were to be put in camps in the districts of Czernowitz and Storozynetz and were to receive food from the Romanian Cooperative at the same price that Romanian citizens were paying. The Jews who had lived in areas that had not been occupied by the Russians were supposed to return to their home Communities. Jewish Central had to guarantee that no indigenous Jews from Transnistrien would slip into Romania in connection with the repatriation.
Soon delegates were sent to Transnistrien to organize the homecoming of the orphans. There were supposed to be 3000 children there who were to be gathered in Moghilew and Balta. The government gave Jewish Central exacting instructions concerning the repatriation of the children, for which purpose, medics and doctors were to be sent from Bucharest to Transnistrien. The cattle wagons provided had to be adapted for this purpose at the expense of Jewish Central. The orphans were to be cared for in the Jewish Communities of the Romanian province of Moldau. And actually, the first transport of children came already in February, 1944. As previously mentioned, they were to be followed by the sick and frail and then the rest of the Jews from Transnistrien. Suddenly, a reversal came about.
Anti-Semitism again increased. It came to the arrest of the leading Zionist oriented youth. The plan for the repatriation of the Jews of Transnistrien was dropped.
Meanwhile, the military situation was boiling over. The Russian army in victorious battles forced the German army every further back and was not far from Transnistrien. The Council of Ministers meeting in Bucharest dealt with questions concerning the future existence or non-existence of Romania. The issue of repatriation was forgotten.
In the border area of the Bug unrest manifested itself. SS men together with the locals attacked the Jews and in many regions, there were riots resulting in deaths.
Concerning the freedom of movement of the Jews in Czernowitz which was threatened with the danger of becoming a German staging area, the mayor of Czernowitz, Dr. Traian Popovici sent a memorandum to the Interior Ministry in which he pointed out the freedom of movement of the 15,000 Jews still living in Czernowitz would be in the interest of Romanian politics. The government acknowledged this memorandum and promised that at the correct moment this freedom of movement would be granted.
It was too late, however. The military victories of the Russian Army made all efforts to rescue the Jews of Transnistrien hopeless. In a rapid wave of victories, Transnistrien was occupied by the Russians and the Jews still remaining in this area fell into the sphere of power of the U.S.S.R. Some of them with permission of the Russian officials returned to their previous homes. Of the 120,000 Jews who at the beginning of the war lived in Bukovina, half died because of pogroms, hunger, disease and the cold. The survivors from South Bukovina were repatriated from Transnistrien in April, 1944 and on the basis of the law passed in the same year by the Romanian government, received their real property back. The situation for the Jews from the Soviet annexed North Bukovina was much worse. Their real property was expropriated without any compensation so that they were forced to leave this region and emigrate to South Bukovina or the Old Kindom10. There were approximately 40,000 of them. In Northern Bukovina, there no longer existed an indigenous Jewish element. Most of the emigrants were impoverished and had to rely on public support.
Facing untold dangers they made the attempt still during the time of the Mandate to reach Eretz Israel. Only a small percentage was successful in reaching their goal on "Mapilim" ships.
Among those who died on the Struma were a number of victims from Bukovina. Their names are inscribed on the monument erected for the Struma victims in the Bucharest Jewish cemetery. The others were seized by a British patrol ship and taken to Cyprus. With the founding of the state of Israel, the situation changed completely. Unrestricted immigration began.
The number of Bukovina Jews who remained in territories not occupied by the Russians and in Old Romania is estimated at several thousand.
The Jews of Bukovina, once a special Community, no longer existed.
Mrs. Janka Reifer has generously placed this manuscript written by Dr. Manfred Reifer at our disposal. Thanks to the work of the gentlemen, Dr. N.M. Gelber (Jerusalem) and Prof. Dr. Hermann Sternberg (Tel Aviv) it was substantially polished and enhanced.


The _VSCyberClient.exe process is an executable file of a client application from ViteSoft.
The _VSCyberClient.exe process is not an essential file to the computer system. Disabling it or enabling it is down to the user's options.


Focusing on local and wide network design and administration and Internet technologies, the Networking Information Technology major prepares students for careers in the evolving world of Information Technology. Coursework explores computer hardware and software in depth, along with the peripheral devices closely associated with computer-based systems. The program is accredited by Association of Technology, Management, & Applied Engineering.
an ability to select and apply knowledge, techniques, skills, and modern tools in networking technology.
an ability to select and apply mathematics, science, engineering, and technology to networking technology problems using principles, applied procedures and methodologies.
an ability to design systems or processes in networking technology.


Magma Records present a new EP by UNSTABLE, the progressive Trance project of Juan Nicoletti. We will show you two UNSTABLE remix tracks for artists well known as GMS, Cyrus the Virus and Krunch. these represent his style in \'interpretation of the music and the sounds of tracks very well known to the public. Special product, for connoisseurs.... not to be missed !!!


We are please to welcome Suzy Woo to the Team today 3rd April 2018.
So busy in the office at present, our team is growing quickly. Suzy has an amazing customer service background and joins us as our Administrator.
Last night Oakes Recruitment and Lowestoft Town Football Club proudly announced their two year partnership.


text:
#include "arm_math.h"

/**
 * @ingroup groupStats
 */

/**
 * @addtogroup variance
 * @{
 */

/**
 * @brief Variance of the elements of a Q15 vector.
 * @param[in]       *pSrc points to the input vector
 * @param[in]       blockSize length of the input vector
 * @param[out]      *pResult variance value returned here
 * @return none.
 *
 * @details
 * <b>Scaling and Overflow Behavior:</b>
 *
 * \par
 * The function is implemented using a 64-bit internal accumulator.
 * The input is represented in 1.15 format.
 * Intermediate multiplication yields a 2.30 format, and this
 * result is added without saturation to a 64-bit accumulator in 34.30 format.
 * With 33 guard bits in the accumulator, there is no risk of overflow, and the
 * full precision of the intermediate multiplication is preserved.
 * Finally, the 34.30 result is truncated to 34.15 format by discarding the lower
 * 15 bits, and then saturated to yield a result in 1.15 format.
 *
 */

void arm_var_q15(
  q15_t * pSrc,
  uint32_t blockSize,
  q31_t * pResult)
{
  q63_t sum = 0;                                 /* Accumulator */
  q31_t meanOfSquares, squareOfMean;             /* Mean of square and square of mean */
  q15_t mean;                                    /* mean */
  uint32_t blkCnt;                               /* loop counter */
  q15_t t;                                       /* Temporary variable */

#ifndef ARM_MATH_CM0

  /* Run the below code for Cortex-M4 and Cortex-M3 */

  q31_t in;                                      /* Input variable */
  q15_t in1;                                     /* Temporary variable */
  q15_t *pIn;                                    /* Temporary pointer */

  pIn = pSrc;

  /*loop Unrolling */
  blkCnt = blockSize >> 2u;

  /* First part of the processing with loop unrolling.  Compute 4 outputs at a time.
   ** a second loop below computes the remaining 1 to 3 samples. */
  while(blkCnt > 0u)
  {
    /* C = (A[0] * A[0] + A[1] * A[1] + ... + A[blockSize-1] * A[blockSize-1])  */
    /* Compute Sum of squares of the input samples
     * and then store the result in a temporary variable, sum. */
    in = *__SIMD32(pSrc)++;
    sum = __SMLALD(in, in, sum);
    in = *__SIMD32(pSrc)++;
    sum = __SMLALD(in, in, sum);

    /* Decrement the loop counter */
    blkCnt--;
  }

  /* If the blockSize is not a multiple of 4, compute any remaining output samples here.
   ** No loop unrolling is used. */
  blkCnt = blockSize % 0x4u;

  while(blkCnt > 0u)
  {
    /* C = (A[0] * A[0] + A[1] * A[1] + ... + A[blockSize-1] * A[blockSize-1]) */
    /* Compute Sum of squares of the input samples
     * and then store the result in a temporary variable, sum. */
    in1 = *pSrc++;
    sum = __SMLALD(in1, in1, sum);

    /* Decrement the loop counter */
    blkCnt--;
  }

  /* Compute Mean of squares of the input samples
   * and then store the result in a temporary variable, meanOfSquares. */
  t = (q15_t) ((1.0f / (float32_t) (blockSize - 1u)) * 16384);
  sum = __SSAT((sum >> 15u), 16u);

  meanOfSquares = (q31_t) ((sum * t) >> 14u);

  /* Reset the accumulator */
  sum = 0;

  /*loop Unrolling */
  blkCnt = blockSize >> 2u;

  /* Reset the input working pointer */
  pSrc = pIn;

  /* First part of the processing with loop unrolling.  Compute 4 outputs at a time.
   ** a second loop below computes the remaining 1 to 3 samples. */
  while(blkCnt > 0u)
  {
    /* C = (A[0] + A[1] + A[2] + ... + A[blockSize-1]) */
    /* Compute sum of all input values and then store the result in a temporary variable, sum. */
    sum += *pSrc++;
    sum += *pSrc++;
    sum += *pSrc++;
    sum += *pSrc++;

    /* Decrement the loop counter */
    blkCnt--;
  }

  /* If the blockSize is not a multiple of 4, compute any remaining output samples here.
   ** No loop unrolling is used. */
  blkCnt = blockSize % 0x4u;

  while(blkCnt > 0u)
  {
    /* C = (A[0] + A[1] + A[2] + ... + A[blockSize-1]) */
    /* Compute sum of all input values and then store the result in a temporary variable, sum. */
    sum += *pSrc++;

    /* Decrement the loop counter */
    blkCnt--;
  }

#else

  /* Run the below code for Cortex-M0 */

  q63_t sumOfSquares = 0;                        /* Accumulator */
  q15_t in;                                      /* Temporary variable */
  /* Loop over blockSize number of values */
  blkCnt = blockSize;

  while(blkCnt > 0u)
  {
    /* C = (A[0] * A[0] + A[1] * A[1] + ... + A[blockSize-1] * A[blockSize-1]) */
    /* Compute Sum of squares of the input samples
     * and then store the result in a temporary variable, sumOfSquares. */
    in = *pSrc++;
    sumOfSquares += (in * in);

    /* C = (A[0] + A[1] + A[2] + ... + A[blockSize-1]) */
    /* Compute sum of all input values and then store the result in a temporary variable, sum. */
    sum += in;

    /* Decrement the loop counter */
    blkCnt--;
  }

  /* Compute Mean of squares of the input samples
   * and then store the result in a temporary variable, meanOfSquares. */
  t = (q15_t) ((1.0f / (float32_t) (blockSize - 1u)) * 16384);
  sumOfSquares = __SSAT((sumOfSquares >> 15u), 16u);
  meanOfSquares = (q31_t) ((sumOfSquares * t) >> 14u);

#endif /* #ifndef ARM_MATH_CM0 */

  /* Compute mean of all input values */
  t = (q15_t) ((1.0f / (float32_t) (blockSize * (blockSize - 1u))) * 32768);
  mean = __SSAT(sum, 16u);

  /* Compute square of mean */
  squareOfMean = ((q31_t) mean * mean) >> 15;
  squareOfMean = (q31_t) (((q63_t) squareOfMean * t) >> 15);

  /* Compute variance and then store the result to the destination */
  *pResult = (meanOfSquares - squareOfMean);

}

/**
 * @} end of variance group
 */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


In Cthulhu Gloom, you make your intrepid investigators face the most terrible terrors and madness before helping them pass on to their inevitable doom. Unpleasant Dreams brings the wonders and horrors of the Dreamlands to the table. Mix the 55 transparent cards in this set together with your copy of Cthulhu Gloom to add morbid new Modifiers, Events, Stories, Transformations, and Untimely Deaths, and a new family that calls the Dreamlands their home. Can you survive the creeping chaos of Nyarlathotep? Will your shantak be a loyal mount, or will you meet your end when you approach Azathoth? Dive into your own unpleasant dreams to find out!
In addition to allowing for game play with up to six players, Unpleasant Dreams includes two new Character cards called Unwelcome Guests. Deal one or both face up to the table's center at the the start of the game. Guests "follow" the card types noted on them; no matter where it currently is, a living Guest immediately moves to join the family of the character on which one of its "trigger" cards is played. All its Modifiers are moved with it, and it's considered a member of that family until it moves again. This may delay the game's end if a final play draws a Guest to the near-winner's family!


text:
5K May: Get Active and Support WLZ this May!
We are excited to announce that WLZ is partnering with Run For Heroes this May for a new charity challenge!
5K May is all about getting out and feeling good while doing it. You can do your 5K anywhere, anytime and with anyone. You can run, roll, walk, cycle, swim or hop if you want to... and can choose to donate your £5 to a charity of your choice. Everyone is invited to take part, and we would love for you to get involved to support WLZ!
Run for Heroes is best known for their 5K running challenge - Run 5, Donate 5, Nominate 5 - during the first lockdown.
What started as a plan to raise £5,000 for NHS charities at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic went viral on social media, becoming a major fitness motivation and fundraising tool for more than a million people. Since its beginnings in 2020, Run For Heroes has raised more than £7 million for NHS Charities and founder Olivia Strong has been awarded an MBE.
After the success of the original fundraiser, the nation is once again being encouraged to get active in the name of charity as lockdown restrictions continue to ease.
You can take part on your own or as a group and donate your £5 to West London Zone here. Then all that's left is to nominate 5 friends or family members to complete their own 5km challenge!
With famous faces like Mo Farah and Ellie Goulding backing previous Run For Heroes challenges, you may even spot a celebrity while out on your 5kMay journey.
If the pandemic has taught us anything, it's that the smallest things can make the biggest impact and there's no better example of that than Run for Heroes.
Don't forget to tag @westlondonzone and @run.for.heroes in your photos and use the #5kMay hashtag!
Published: 16th April, 2021
Updated: 23rd April, 2021
Author: Isobel Miller

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
UK petition attempts to ban state visit by Trump
Appeal rapidly draws hundreds of thousands of signatures.
| Sean Gallup/Getty Images
By Simon Marks
A petition aimed at preventing U.S. President Donald Trump from making a state visit to the United Kingdom "because it would cause embarrassment to Her Majesty the Queen" is earning enough signatures to be considered for a debate in the British parliament.
By early Tuesday morning in the U.K., there were around 1.6 million signatures for the petition entitled "Prevent Donald Trump from making a State Visit to the United Kingdom." Petitions that get more than 100,000 signatures have to be debated by Parliament, according to U.K. law.
The petition said that while Trump should be allowed to enter the U.K. in his capacity as president of the Unites States, "he should not be invited to make an official State Visit because it would cause embarrassment to Her Majesty the Queen."
"Donald Trump's well documented misogyny and vulgarity disqualifies him from being received by Her Majesty the Queen or the Prince of Wales. Therefore during the term of his presidency Donald Trump should not be invited to the United Kingdom for an official State Visit," the petition said.
U.K. Prime Minister Theresa May announced during a news conference in Washington on Friday that Queen Elizabeth II has invited Trump for a state visit later this year – an invitation immediately accepted by Trump.
U.K. Labor leader Jeremy Corbyn said on ITV's Peston on Sunday that "it's slightly odd he should be invited so quickly and particularly in view of the statements he has made."
"I think we need to find out exactly what his intentions are in the long run and how much the U.S. parliamentary system is going to protect fundamentals of rights and freedoms and laws," he added. Corbyn's remarks were echoed by Tim Farron, the leader of the Liberal Democrats.
"It should be withdrawn, it should never have been made in the first place," Farron told Sky News' Sophy Ridge on Sunday, referring to the Trump invitation.
Trump issued an executive order on Saturday, banning nationals from seven Muslim-majority countries from entering the U.S. and suspending the entry of refugees for 120 days.
Also On POLITICO
Trump's refugee ban stirs European unease, condemnation
President Trump's first defeat
By Blake Hounshell
More from ... Simon Marks
How Boris Johnson's looseness with the truth infected the government
'We've all let standards slip a little bit,' said one civil servant.
UK Labour says Boris Johnson 'incapable of leading' in Ukraine crisis
Opposition party's John Healey strikes hawkish tone on Russia as Labour seeks to move on from Jeremy Corbyn years.
What foreign ambassadors really think about Biden's first year
Pick up the phone, they say: "We're talking about 10 f—ing minutes of your time."
By Emilio Casalicchio
By Esther Webber
By Ryan Heath,	Alexander Ward and	Nahal Toosi
British politics	U.S. election 2016	U.S. foreign policy	U.S. politics
United Kingdom	United States
Donald Trump	Jeremy Corbyn	Theresa May


text:
An anterior or pectoral group consists of four or five glands along the lower border of the Pectoralis minor, in relation with the lateral thoracic artery.

Their afferents drain the skin and muscles of the anterior and lateral thoracic walls, and the central and lateral parts of the mamma; their efferents pass partly to the central and partly to the subclavicular groups of axillary glands.

Additional images

References

External links
  ()

Lymphatics of the upper limb

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


One of our most unique options available for virtual reality entertainment is our VR Theater.
The Theater itself includes 2 of our HTC Vive Pro Stations for experiences like Downhill Skiing, The Google Tilt Brush, Space Pirate Trainer, Fruit Ninja, and much more.
The VR Theater also features one of our virtual reality simulators, guests can choose between our VR Racing simulator or our VR Rollercoaster Experience simulator. Both virtual reality simulators come equipt with steering and petals for guests to control.
Our VR Theater will also come equipt with a plethora of experiences available on our Oculus Go on the outside of the trailer where guests can enjoy games like Gun Jack, Minecraft, and much more.


WOW! 1,924sqft RANCHER in Brookswood on 1.35 ACRES With 2 Shops, quiet Street & located high on the ridge with Mountain Views! Renovated kitchen & great rm area with huge island with S/S appl. & granite counters. Large sunken lvgrm with vaulted ceiling and large entry. 3Bdrms, 3Baths, Mbdrm with patio doors to 30x10 sundeck, 3pce & walk-in closet. 18x12 sunroom off kitchen (not included in sqft) 2 Shops (1 - 35x32 with 12x14 doors, high ceilings and car hoist included) 30x24 wood working shop with bsmt area air compressor included). New roof, high crawl space for easy storage. All this located in the revised Brookswood/Fernridge Dev. area. Live today, prosper tomorrow!
Floor Area 1,924 Sq. Ft.


text:
<!--
  Author:       Sam Ruby (http://intertwingly.net/) and Mark Pilgrim (http://diveintomark.org/)
  Copyright:    Copyright (c) 2003 Sam Ruby and Mark Pilgrim
-->

<!--
  Description:  invalid modified date (extra spaces before time separator)
  Expect:       InvalidRFC3339Date{parent:entry,element:updated}
-->

<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<entry>
<updated>2003-07-01 T01:55:07-05:00</updated>
</entry>
</feed>


text:
La Vie de plaisance est un téléfilm français réalisé par Pierre Gautherin, sorti en 1975 en France. Ce téléfilm fait écho à la destruction du Quartier de Plaisance, insalubre à l'époque, situé dans le  arrondissement de Paris pour faire place à un projet autoroutier : le radiale Vercingétorix. Cependant, les schémas dressés en prévision des travaux sont arrêtés avant la crise de 1974 et l'arrivée au pouvoir de Valéry Giscard d'Estaing.

C'est dans ces conditions que s'expliquent les nombreuses scènes tournées sur des friches urbaines.

Le téléfilm est disponible en version intégrale sur le site de l'Institut national de l'audiovisuel (INA).

Synopsis
Un couple de retraités (Raymond Bussières et Béatrice Lord) vit dans un appartement dans le Quartier de Plaisance. Il mène une vie calme et agréable ponctuée de conversations passionnées avec leurs voisins (Charles Vanel et Germaine Montero). Cependant, les deux pensionnés voient leur vie bouleversée lorsqu'ils apprennent l'expropriation de ces mêmes voisins dans un building fraîchement construit.

Le téléfilm est raconté sous forme des plusieurs témoignages qui viennent s'articuler autour du canevas principal.

Fiche technique
 Titre : La Vie de plaisance
 Réalisation : Pierre Gautherin
 Scénario et dialogues : Jean Pélégri
 Photographie : Bernard Laug
 Montage : J.B. de Battista et Laslo Horvath
 Musique : Gérard Gallo
 Production : Cléo Daran et Alain Martinez
 Décors : Marie-Claire Musson et Fred Marpaux
 Costumes : Jean-Claude Sotto
 Images : Claude Mathé et Alain Blaise
 Son : Jules Dantan et Pierre Watine
 Mixage : Daniel Léonard
 Scripte : Hélène Le Cornec
 Format : Couleur
 Durée : 1h31min
 Date de sortie :  à 20h35 sur Antenne 2

Distribution
 Charles Vanel : Marcel
 Raymond Bussières : René
 Germaine Montero : Raymonde
 Béatrice Lord : Ginette
 Patrick Brisson : Jean-Marc
 Dominique de Keuchel : un mécanicien, un ami de Jean-Marc
 Danielle Chutaux : Françoise
 Georges Hubert : Julien
 Jean Franval : le patron du garage
 Robert Rollis : marchand de journaux à l'entrée du métropolitain
 Bernard Musson : l'homme à l'enterrement
 Yvonne Dany : la dame à l'enterrement
 Lina Roxa : la dame dans la bouche de métro

Notes et références

Liens externes

Téléfilm français des années 1970
Téléfilm diffusé en 1975


text:
import logging

from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.exceptions import ValidationError

from ..compat import gettext_lazy as _
from ..docs import OpenAPIResponse, swagger_auto_schema
from ..mixins import UserMixin
from ..models import Credentials
from ..serializers import (AuthenticatedUserPasswordSerializer,
    APIKeysSerializer, PublicKeySerializer, ValidationErrorSerializer)
from ..utils import generate_random_slug

LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)

class ResetAPIKeysAPIView(UserMixin, GenericAPIView):
    """
    Resets a user secret API key
    """
    serializer_class = APIKeysSerializer

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.request.method.lower() == 'post':
            return AuthenticatedUserPasswordSerializer
        return super(ResetAPIKeysAPIView, self).get_serializer_class()

    @swagger_auto_schema(responses={
        201: OpenAPIResponse("Reset successful", APIKeysSerializer)})
    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):#pylint:disable=unused-argument
        """
        Resets a user secret API key

        Resets the secret API key with which a user can authenticate
        with the service.

        **Tags: auth, user, usermodel

        **Example

        .. code-block:: http

            POST /api/users/xia/api-keys  HTTP/1.1

        .. code-block:: json

            {
              "password": "yoyo"
            }

        responds

        .. code-block:: json

            {
                "secret": "tgLwDw5ErQ2pQr5TTdAzSYjvZenHC9pSy7fB3sXWERzynbG5zG6h\
    67pTN4dh7fpy"
            }

        """
        serializer = AuthenticatedUserPasswordSerializer(data=request.data)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        password = serializer.validated_data.get('password')
        if not request.user.check_password(password):
            raise PermissionDenied(_("Incorrect credentials"))
        allowed_chars = 'abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz'\
            'ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ'\
            '23456789'
        api_pub_key = generate_random_slug(
            length=Credentials.API_PUB_KEY_LENGTH,
            allowed_chars=allowed_chars)
        api_priv_key = generate_random_slug(
            length=Credentials.API_PRIV_KEY_LENGTH,
            allowed_chars=allowed_chars)
        Credentials.objects.update_or_create(
            user=self.user,
            defaults={
                'api_pub_key': api_pub_key,
                'api_priv_key': make_password(api_priv_key)
            })
        return Response(APIKeysSerializer().to_representation({
            'secret': api_pub_key + api_priv_key
        }), status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)

class PublicKeyAPIView(UserMixin, GenericAPIView):
    """
    Updates a user public RSA key
    """
    serializer_class = PublicKeySerializer

    @swagger_auto_schema(responses={
        200: OpenAPIResponse("success", ValidationErrorSerializer)})
    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Updates a user public RSA key

        **Tags: auth, user, usermodel

        **Example

        .. code-block:: http

            PUT /api/users/xia/ssh-keys  HTTP/1.1

        .. code-block:: json

            {
              "pubkey": "ssh-rsa AAAAB3N...",
              "password": "yoyo"
            }

        responds

        .. code-block:: json

            {
              "detail": "Public key updated successfully."
            }
        """
        #pylint:disable=unused-argument
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        password = serializer.validated_data.get('password')
        if not request.user.check_password(password):
            raise PermissionDenied(_("Incorrect credentials"))
        try:
            self.user.set_pubkey(serializer.validated_data['pubkey'],
                bind_password=serializer.validated_data['password'])
            LOGGER.info("%s updated pubkey for %s.",
                self.request.user, self.user, extra={
                'event': 'update-pubkey', 'request': self.request,
                'modified': self.user.username})
        except AttributeError:
            raise ValidationError(
                'Cannot store public key in the User model.')
        except PermissionDenied as err:
            raise ValidationError(str(err))

        return Response({'detail': _("Public key updated successfully.")})


Welcome to DocKarate, tonight's featured guest is Kancho Lisette Laboy. Join Host Kancho Dan Vena and his Co-Host, Renshi Kyle Forrest for this exclusive interview Saturday-June 4th, 2016 at 9 PM EST. This episode has been modified to reflect the passing of The Champ Ali.


To receive a quotation for 18″ BOLT STAR®, please complete the fields below and click "Request for Quote".
An innovative, multi-function reusable bolt template engineered to hold four anchor bolts, rebar cage, and conduits securely in place during the pour of a concrete pole base. The result of years of design refinement and testing, BOLT STAR radically improves the productivity of crews in the construction of light pole bases and round column forms. The tool virtually eliminates the drawbacks of wood templates.


Chesapeake Industrial Cleaning Products Inc.
Chesapeake Industrial offers a variety of cleaning products and specializes in custom formulating materials to your needs. In some cases, a standard, proven product may offer better value with no negatives and would thus be recommended. Below are some tables showing materials currently used in different applications. Products are typically sold in 55-gallon drums or totes. Please contact us for different size packaging.
In order to recycle titanium and other high value metals, it is necessary to completely clean any recycled feed materials such as turnings to insure they are oil free with low carbon residues. These cleaning products have been designed for high throughput systems to remove oil and grease and prevent those materials from redepositing on the chips or scrap. Additionally, the detergents are formulated to prevent metals attack and limit the build-up of aluminum and other materials that contribute to more frequent bath changes. Finally, the detergents are all designed with the customer's bottom line in mind and offer exceptional value and pricing versus competitive products. Chesapeake Industrial is a member of the International Titanium Association.
A line of cleaning agents specially formulated to provide effective soil removal of optical lenses and associated products made of all the standard materials. Non-spotting, low-foaming cleaning agents designed to increase yields and reduce downtime are available for both spray washing or ultrasonic cleaning. This complete line of detergents can satisfy the most demanding applications.
Cleaning agents used in automotive parts manufacturing, metal forming, heat treating, metal stamping, plastics cleaning, and other industrial areas.
This specialty line of cleaning agents is designed for use in ceramics, medical device, and semiconductor applications. Specially formulated without ingredients containing ionic contaminants, these pure detergents may be used where stringent cleaning requirements prohibit ionic residue on the finished process part. Utilizing the most recent surfactant technologies, the Ion Free line represents a significant step forward in critical process cleaning.
Cleaners for a wide variety of applications including degreasing, engine rebuilding, general rebuild, equipment teardown, facility cleaning, and more.
All floor and facility cleaners, which are USDA approved, may be used with automated scrubbers, mop water systems, or for general facility maintenance.
All material Copyright © 2010 - Chesapeake Industrial Cleaning Products Inc.


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Hell Awaits  (littéralement L'Enfer attend) est le deuxième album studio du groupe de thrash metal américain Slayer, publié par Metal Blade Records en 1985. L'album précédent du groupe, Show No Mercy, étant devenu "l'album le plus vendu" chez Metal Blade Records, le producteur Brian Slagel souhaita produire un deuxième album de Slayer. À cette fin, Brian Slagel a financé le budget d'enregistrement (Show No Mercy avait été financé par les membres du groupe) et a recruté plusieurs producteurs expérimentés pour l'assister.

Comme sur leur premier album,Show No Mercy, les paroles évoquent l'enfer et Satan. L'introduction de la première piste "Hell Awaits" jouée à l'envers révèle l'expression répétée "join us" (en français "rejoignez-nous"). Musicalement, l'album est plus progressif et plus diversifié  que leurs précédentes productions  : d'après Kerry King, lui et Jeff Hanneman écoutaient beaucoup Mercyful Fate à l'époque, ce qui a donné lieu à des chansons plus longues et plus progressives. Les morceaux les plus populaires de Hell Awaits ont été ré-enregistrés par divers groupes de metal et sont apparus sur plusieurs albums hommages. Des musiciens tels que le chanteur Phil Anselmo et le batteur Gene Hoglan citent Hell Awaits comme une de leurs influences.

Enregistrement
Précédent album de Slayer, Show No Mercy, devenu "l'album le plus vendu" chez Metal Blade Records, avec plus de  exemplaires vendus à travers le monde; le succès a inspiré le producteur Brian Slagel de vouloir un autre album du groupe. Slagel embauche le producteur Ron Fair, qui a travaillé pour Chrysalis Records, et avait vu le groupe en concert et ont apprécié leur performance. En voyant Slayer en studio, a déclaré: "Wow, ces gars-là sont vraiment en furie", comme il n'avait pas d'expérience de travail avec des musiciens de heavy metal. Slagel finance l'album, à l'opposé de Show No Mercy, qui a été financé par chanteur Tom Araya, qui a utilisé ses gains en tant que inhalothérapeute, et un prêt du père du guitariste Kerry King.

Le budget organisé par Slagel permit de l'aide professionnelle. Bernie Grundman a fourni le matériel audio, Eddy Schreyer a travaillé sur le remastering, et le projet de loi Metoyer, qui a travaillé sur une version antérieure du groupe Haunting the Chapel, a agi comme ingénieur du son. L'enregistrement présenté des effets audio tels que l'intro de "Hell Awaits" une voix démoniaque qui répète à l'envers "Join us", se terminant par "Welcome back". Pourtant, Araya a déclaré plus tard que l'album était de mauvaise qualité : "De nos jours, la production d'une montre, c'est tellement normal, mais pour ce qu'elle était à l'époque, c'était des enregistrements incroyables pour moi. J'imagine que nous pourrions y aller et le refaire. Mais pourquoi tout gâcher?"

Le batteur Dave Lombardo, d'autre part, affirme que l'album a été fait de façon plus professionnel par rapport à Show No Mercy : « Je n'ai pas eu à re-enregistrer les cymbales, et nous avons eu un très bon ingénieur". La chanson préférée de Lombardo était At Dawn They Sleep, "parce qu'il était un peu lent et sale, mais il avait ce double grosse caisse à une partie de la fin". Lors de l'enregistrement de la piste, ni les guitaristes King et Jeff Hanneman qui a écrit les paroles étaient dans le studio - seulement Araya et Slagel. En lisant les paroles, qui présentaient un mot mal orthographié, Araya a chanté comme c'était indiqué, mais ce n'est pas un vrai mot.

Tournée
Afin de promouvoir Hell Awaits, Slayer engage la Combat Tour avec Venom et Exodus. Le guitariste de Exodus Gary Holt a déclaré: "Nous avons immédiatement collé avec les gars de Slayer. C'était deux groupes d'amis jouant avec une bande de héros, vous savez? Nous étions juste une étoile a frappé."

Dans le bus de tournée de Venom (la première fois à Slayer avait été dans l'un) des membres du groupe ont bu avec Venom, tout en écoutant Hell Awaits. Araya dans le bus", a martelé de son esprit", selon Lombardo, en disant: "Je dois aller pisser! Où sont les toilettes dans ce truc?". Le chanteur de Venom Conrad "Cronos" Lant a répondu, en disant: "Ici, ici même dans ma bouche!" Araya le prit littéralement au mot et urina sur ses cheveux. Cronos se leva et lui donne un coup de poing dans le visage, les deux s'accusant mutuellement toute la nuit, et Araya continua la tournée avec un œil au beurre noir. Araya ne voulut plus discuter de l'incident autre que de dire qu'il était ivre et il avait été très irrespectueux.

Réception

Bien qu'il ne soit pas entré dans les charts, Hell Awaits a été salué dès sa sortie comme l'enregistrement le plus progressiste de Slayer, avec un style thrash beaucoup plus sombre, avec des arrangements inhabituels tels que des tempos différents, et les nuances dissonantes qui « a ouvert la voie à un son tout à fait distinctif qui leur est propre », selon AllMusic. Rivadavia a attribué à l'album quatre étoiles sur cinq, le qualifiant comme d'une «force irrésistible, mais on peut toujours faire un point plus convaincant que Hell Awaits" Les compositions unique redoutables sans doute prouvé qu'il a influencé sur les futurs groupes de metal extrême". Il a vendu plus de  disques dans le monde selon Brian Slagel.

Dans le livre Legends of Rock Guitar, Hell Awaits a été défini comme "une exploration psychotique dans les profondeurs du satanisme et la torture physique".  Le livre, une chronologie des grands guitaristes de rock qui comprend à la fois Kerry King et Jeff Hanneman, observe l'évolution du groupe par rapport à leur précédent album, Show No Mercy, en disant: « La musicalité est améliorée, tout comme la voix du chanteur Tom Araya[...] Les riffs boueux, qui étaient issus purement de Black Sabbath, sont compensés par quelques-uns des plus rapides du King et solos de Hanneman, donnant l'entrée de Slayer dans le royaume du speed metal ».

Influence
Le chanteur Phil Anselmo connu pour son travail avec Pantera, Down et Superjoint Ritual -a expliqué dans une interview avec DX Ferris, l'auteur du livre sur l'album Reign in Blood, que "Hell Awaits détient un peu la chose entière. Chaque bit du tout à voir avec la musique heavy. [Slayer] sont des dieux, le meilleur groupe de la Californie, pour sûr". Le musicien norvégien Frode Sivertsen (également connu sous le nom de "E. N. Death"), ancien membre du groupe de black metal Gehenna, dit que la chanson Hell Awaits et la musique de Slayer en général a une influence sur lui en tant que musicien, le classement de l'album dans son top cinq.

Définie comme "l'influence des futurs groupes de metal extrême", les chansons les plus populaires de Hell Awaits ont été ré-enregistrées par les différents groupes de metal underground, et sont apparus dans plusieurs albums hommage, comme Slatanic Slaughter II et Gateway to Hell 2.  La chanson "Hell Awaits" a été repris par Cradle of Filth et Incantation, "Kill Again" par Angelcorpse, "Praise of Death" par Sinister, "At Dawn They Sleep" par Six Feet Under, et "Necrophiliac" par Benediction.

Liste des titres
 Hell Awaits - 6:16
 Kill Again - 4:56
 At Dawn They Sleep - 6:17
 Praise of Death - 5:21
 Necrophiliac - 3:46
 Crypts of Eternity - 6:40
 Hardening of the Arteries - 3:55

Cet album a fait l'objet d'une ré-édition incluant 2 titres de l'EP Haunting the Chapel : Haunting the Chapel et Captor of Sin.

Composition du groupe
 Tom Araya - chant, basse
 Jeff Hanneman - guitare
 Kerry King - guitare
 Dave Lombardo - batterie

Notes et références

Album de Slayer
Album musical sorti en 1985
Album publié par Metal Blade Records


The bone marrow controls the production of normal cells. In leukemia, the production process breaks down and the bone marrow starts producing large numbers of abnormal cells of only one cell type, usually one of the white cells. These abnormal, immature cells, called blasts, then flood the blood stream and lymph system, and may invade vital organs such as the brain, testes, ovaries, or skin. In rare cases, AML tumor cells appear as a solid tumor called an isolated granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma.
Leukemia can be acute (progressing quickly with many immature blasts) or chronic (progressing slowly with more mature-looking cancer cells). Acute myeloid leukemia can occur in both children and adults. Treatment is different for adults than it is for children. For information about the treatment of adult AML, see the PDQ patient information summary on adult acute myeloid leukemia. Separate PDQ information summaries are also available for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, adult and childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia, and hairy cell leukemia.
Early signs of AML may be fever, chills, bleeding or bruising easily, swollen lymph nodes, and other symptoms similar to those of the flu, such as feeling weak or tired all the time and aching bones or joints. If your child has symptoms of leukemia, his or her doctor may order a blood test to count the number of cells and examine them under a microscope. If the results of the blood tests are not normal, a bone marrow biopsy may be performed. During this test, a needle is inserted into a bone in the hip and a small amount of bone marrow is removed and examined under a microscope, enabling the doctor to determine what kind of leukemia your child has and plan the best treatment. Chromosomal analysis may also be performed. These additional tests can help distinguish AML from ALL and other leukemias and allow doctors to better plan treatment.
Treatment depends on the type of treatment your child received before. You may want to consider entering your child into a clinical trial. Treatments currently being studied in clinical trials include new chemotherapy drugs, bone marrow transplantation, and biological therapy.
To learn more about childhood acute myeloid leukemia, call the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Information Service at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237); TTY at 1-800-332-8615. The call is toll-free and a trained information specialist can answer your questions.


The team at the DoubleTree Austin Northwest Arboretum is ready to provide your special guests with the comforts of home combined with upscale meeting spaces. Whether you're organizing a corporate gathering, training meeting, or formal event, our hotel has the resources you need to make your next event a success. Our hotel features nearly 7,000 sq. ft. of flexible meeting space, making it a perfect option for a variety of events. We're ready to help and make sure the details are dialed in just right. We'd love to give you a tour and show you how we'll help you make your next event the best ever.


When you run a company, your list of responsibilities grows day by day. There is a seemingly endless amount of tasks for business owners and managers to consider on a daily basis, and every decision will impact the company's success, or lack thereof, in some way. Some of these impacts are almost imperceptible, and some are enormous, but even the small decisions matter.
From marketing to hiring to IT networking, you have critical pieces to put in place at your company to ensure your company's success. And believe it or not, decisions about your business' janitorial service are just as critical. A clean retail or office space is one of the most significant determining factors in your ability to retain both clients and employees, and Fox Cities Janitorial is here to make that happen.
Why Do I Need A Cleaning Service?
Unless you somehow have figured out how to add hours into your day, you probably find it difficult to keep up with all of the tidying necessary at your place of business. And unless you happen to own a cleaning business, it's likely that it's not the way you want to spend your time.
You will make a great first impression on clients, customers, employees, investors, partners, and media. In the highly competitive marketplace we have today, a first impression can be the make-or-break moment. Potential clients will formulate an opinion about you and your company immediately. Losing a customer or an investor because your walls, windows, or floors are dirty is something you can easily avoid.
You and your employees will stay healthier. Keyboards and telephones are notoriously germ-laden, harboring all kinds of viruses and bacteria. Of course, none of us can avoid illnesses entirely, but ensuring that your employees' workspaces remain clean will help minimize the spreading of germs in and around the office. Stopping the spread of germs will, in turn, cut down on the number of work days lost to sickness.
You will have happier, more productive employees. Finding high-quality workers is an uphill battle for many companies, so retaining the ones you have is critical. Employees want to work in a place that feels and looks good. It is a morale booster when employees can walk into a space that is well-tended and clean. Your employees will be more likely to work efficiently in a sparkling clean office and will be more inclined to remain loyal to the company as well.
You will save yourself critical time. Running a business is not simple. It requires constant outputs of energy to keep your company running smoothly and growing in the industry. You need to put your hours into running the company, so hiring a janitorial service will save you countless hours that you can then commit to other needs for your business.
Are the cleaners subject to background checks? Many companies work with sensitive and private information on a daily basis. Social security numbers, bank accounts, medical information, and credit card numbers may change hands regularly in your business. At Fox Cities Janitorial, we take your company's security and privacy very seriously. We will work with you to ensure that our team knows exactly what you need them to do to maintain security and privacy for your clients. Our employees go through background checks and receive wages that are higher than most in the industry. We are proud of our employees and are confident they will do an excellent job for you.
What hours are your cleaners available? Depending on the nature of your business, you may have different timing requirements. You might need all cleaning to be done at night after you close, or you may have such a busy place of business that you need upkeep and maintenance throughout the day. Fox Cities will work with you to determine the schedule that is best for your company.
Do you use subcontractors? When you hire a janitorial service, you want to know that what you see is what you get. If a company hires subcontractors, you have no way of knowing whether or not that crew has been through a background check, and you don't know if they are qualified. Fox Cities Janitorial does not subcontract out our jobs, so you can be confident you are getting the best workers possible for your company's cleaning needs.
Are you insured, what type of limits and policies? Human error is a reality, so you want to be sure the company has adequate commercial insurance. Ask what are their General Insurance Liabilities maximums, and do they have Workers Compensation? Go a step further and ask if they have an Umbrella Policy? An Umbrella Policy will cover damages that exceed general liabilities and workers compensation.
What exactly is included in your cleaning service package? Be sure to go over all of the specifics before signing on the dotted line. Some commercial janitorial companies charge extra for cleaning windows or walls. Some offer added services like floor waxing and sealing. At Fox Cities, we will work with you to create the perfect cleaning package for your company's needs.
You have worked hard to build and grow your company, wearing many hats along the way. It's likely you did your own janitorial work as well. But now it's time to give yourself a break from the cleaning and hire a professional janitorial service.


– Order parts and materials necessary to maintain inventory including used car parts to help keep consumer costs low.
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When a tooth is missing drift and overeruption can take place. Food traps are created and can lead to a build-up of plaque. If these teeth are not kept clean, decay can result and they can be lost and the whole process starts again.


As part of achieving excellent customer service, you can contact Locksmith Lake Worth for your auto, residential and commercial locksmith needs through filling out the form below or call us at 561-705-5209. We guarantee fast response and professional technicians who have gone through exhaustive training and licensing. With us, we prioritize your safety and value your time and money.
We Locksmith Lake Worth provide services for Auto, Residential and Commercial at 24/7 emergency services. Locksmith Lake Worth in Florida is a company specializing in all types of locks and keys for your locksmith needs for residential, commercial or automotive. We are one stop shop with professional technicians that allows you to manage your time at fast response rate. Whether you need simple help from rekey to CCTV installation or much more, we provide the best service while also making sure your time and safety remains our top priority.


We had so much content from NSRH23 that we had to cut from the radio broadcast but found too important to not share. Listen to Andy talk about how the leak investigation impacted his reporting, source protection and journalism generally, as well as a bit more about Brittany Buckley and more. Then, Michelle breaks important news regarding the BCA's investigation into the Thurman Blevins shooting in North Minneapolis. She also talks about how she got involved with police brutality and accountability activism. Check out CUAPB's website to get involved.