Hello FCAD! The RCDS is here to proudly present our first workshop series of the school year: The Freelancer Series! Each of the workshops are designed to help you with an element of working in the creative industry as a freelancer. The workshops will dig in to how to effectively navigate LInkedIn, how to design your professional website and how to design and print your business card! The workshops will start October 18th, happening every other Thursday in the Student Learn Centre (SLC) from 6:00pm/6:30pm to 8:00pm, in rooms 515/516. So come on out on Thursday nights to learn some great new skills and meet amazing people! We hope to see you there!
UPDATE: Thank you to everyone who registered! We have reached capacity for all our workshops. If you missed registration and still would like to attend, please email vp.events@rcdsonline.ca to be added to the waiting list.


The aim of this paper is to propose a systemic model for the urban tourism insertion in the Digital, Smart and Knowledge City (DSKC) of Mexico City (CDMX) due to the recent and considerable economic importance of this kind of tourism in innovative and competitive cities. Based on this understanding, a diagnosis of the urban tourism role in the DSKC of CDMX was developed by using the systems thinking. Therefore, the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) was applied, because of its holistic vision, and the technological and social components it involves. The Strategic Direction Model (SDM) was also used in a complementary and parallel way to the SSM. The findings allowed us to detect, among other aspects, the problem situations such as the inexistence of a document which contains the development of the DSKC, and the lack of articulation between the components of the urban tourism and the DSKC. For that reason, some elements were established in order to design a conceptual model. This research finishes by using the Viable System Model (VSM), to validate this construct and, at the same time, provide it with substantial elements, such as innovation, ICT, sustainability, and accessibility, in which tourism and cities have been immersed recently.


Former Italy striker Christian Vieri spoke with La Gazzetta dello Sport about the current Serie A campaign.
PIATEK – "He's been proving his huge determination. I really like him, he can break the opponents' defense, he's always able to hurt. AC Milan signed a top striker. Cutrone and him are top players. You need strikers that like to go to war up front and AC Milan have them".
INTER - "They still have highs and lows. I think they did a positive change with Spalletti. The club is building an important future. They are back in the Champions League and I think that in a couple of years they'll close the gap with Juve. Now they need to sign players with experience and with experience in winning trophies".
JUVE-ATLTICO – "It's like an anticipated Champions League final. I spent the first years of my career there. The true Vieri was born at Juventus, then I joined Atletico. Gip spent 34 million of Italian Lira which was a lot of money at that time (around € 17-18 million). Today Juve and Atletico are among the top five teams in Europe, they played two Champions League final each in the last few years".


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text:
Money / Personal Finance
Australians Found Work in May 2022
Written by The Conversation
An extra 60,600 Australians found work in May 2022. Here's why wages aren't moving much
Jeff Borland, The University of Melbourne
The rate of unemployment remained steady at 3.9% between April and May.
That Australia has now managed to keep a rate of unemployment below 4% for three consecutive months is extraordinarily good news.
It gets better. While the unemployment rate didn't improve, the labour market did, substantially.
The number of Australians in jobs climbed by 60,620 between April and May – a very large 0.5%. The proportion of the working age population in employment climbed to a new record high of 64.1%.
Hours of work also grew strongly, by 0.9%. What makes that growth especially noteworthy is that it happened at the same time as a much larger number of workers than usual were off work with COVID and flu.
[Continue reading Australians Found Work in May, to get to the part about how often wages are adjusted. ]
More sick leave, yet more hours worked
In May, an outsized 780,500 workers spent reduced time on the job due to illness, injury or sick leave, compared to an average of only 373,000 in the same month over the previous five years. About half of the extra workers taking time off in 2022 didn't work at all in the survey week.
Which raises an interesting question. With such an unusually large number of jobs created, why didn't the unemployment rate fall?
The reason is that the number of people wanting to work also rose, pretty much exactly in line with the rise in employment. Strong employment drew more people into the labour force.
On average, an extra 45,000 people have found work per month over the past six months.
The proportion of the population in work is now not only ahead of where it was before COVID, but also ahead of where it would have been had the pre-COVID trends continued.
[Continue reading Australians Found Work in May, to get to the part about the Silver Lining. ]
Most wages don't get adjusted often
Another interesting question is why, if things are so good, wage growth has scarcely lifted. The wage price index grew just 2.4% in the year to March, up from 2.3% in the year to December.
One answer is that Australia's wage-setting institutions create a built-in delay between labour market changes and wage changes.
Workers covered by awards, whose pay is adjusted via the Fair Work Commission's minimum wage decision, make up 23% of all employees.
Workers whose pay depends on multi-year enterprise agreements make up 35.1%.
As happened this week, award wages are adjusted to reflect labour market conditions, but only once a year; and other wages less often.
Another answer is that after a decade of not needing to pay wage increases to hire and retain staff, employers may be finding it difficult to adjust to changed conditions.
Contributing to this might be uncertainty about whether – in an environment where shortages in some occupations are due to low immigration – there's much point in paying more, given that borders will reopen.
The low rates of wage growth over the past decade, and especially since COVID, have come with a substantial cost – to equity and to the living standards of workers.
There is, however, a silver lining. Australia's low wage growth places us in a much better situation to avoid stagflation – the double-whammy of high inflation and high unemployment.
The onset of high inflation in Australia has caused policy-makers to seek to restrain economic activity – as evidenced by the Reserve Bank's decision at its June meeting to lift its cash rate 0.5 points.
There is a risk these moves will push unemployment back up.
Our low wage growth though should make it easier to bring inflation under control. With the need to restrain economic activity therefore being lessened, we have a better chance to avoid higher unemployment.
This is a much better situation than in the US, where both price and wage inflation have taken off.
In the US, leading commentators now believe there is little chance inflation can be tamed without a substantial rise in unemployment.
Things are also very different to the last time Australia faced the challenge of stagflation, during the 1970s and early 1980s.
Back then, wage inflation was a major source of price inflation – initially through large wage increases granted to workers in the early 1970s, and then via a system of quarterly wage indexation which linked wages directly to increases in prices in near real-time. Things are different today.
Jeff Borland, Professor of Economics, The University of Melbourne
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to mimic execl() in Ruby I have an old application written in C++ which I am porting to Ruby.
One section of the code uses execl(), in order to replace the process with a[n updated] copy of itself while maintaining open file descriptors (this application is a network service).
  if ( execl( "./my-app", "-restart", fd.c_str(), NULL ) < 0 ) {

Didn't take long to figure out that Ruby has no execl() equivalent, but that you can fake it in part using Process::spawn and the :close_others option. Or, at least I should be able to according to the documentation:

file descriptor inheritance: close non-redirected non-standard fds (3, 4, 5, ...) or not
  :close_others => true  : don't inherit

So, it seems to me that the following should spawn a new process which has access to all open file descriptors of the parent:
server_fd = @server.to_i
env = {
  "APP_REBOOT"    => "true",
  "APP_SERVER_FD" => server_fd.to_s,
}
command = "ruby my-app.rb"
options = {
  :in           => :in,
  :out          => :out,
  :err          => :err,
  :close_others => false,
}
pid = Process.spawn env, command, options
Process.detach pid

Which will allow the child access to the descriptors... however I cannot figure out how to exit the parent process without closing all the descriptors. In other words, if I cause the parent to exit at the end of the code:
server_fd = @server.to_i
env = {
  "APP_REBOOT"    => "true",
  "APP_SERVER_FD" => server_fd.to_s,
}
command = "ruby my-app.rb"
options = {
  :in           => :in,
  :out          => :out,
  :err          => :err,
  :close_others => false,
}
pid = Process.spawn env, command, options
Process.detach pid
exit # ADDED THIS LINE

Then the descriptors are also closed for the child.
I have a feeling this is more a problem with my approach to process management than something specific to Ruby but I don't see what I'm doing wrong.

$ ruby -v
ruby 2.1.0p0 (2013-12-25 revision 44422) [x86_64-linux]

EDIT1
Just before my call to Process.spawn (or Process.exec as @mata points out) I have a diagnostic output:
system 'lsof -c ruby'

And another call to that just inside my recover_from_reboot method. This is the tail of output pre-reboot, you can see the listening server port and a connected client on the last two lines:
ruby    8957 chris    0u   CHR    136,1      0t0        4 /dev/pts/1
ruby    8957 chris    1u   CHR    136,1      0t0        4 /dev/pts/1
ruby    8957 chris    2u   CHR    136,1      0t0        4 /dev/pts/1
ruby    8957 chris    3r  FIFO      0,8      0t0 12213372 pipe
ruby    8957 chris    4w  FIFO      0,8      0t0 12213372 pipe
ruby    8957 chris    5r  FIFO      0,8      0t0 12213373 pipe
ruby    8957 chris    6w  FIFO      0,8      0t0 12213373 pipe
ruby    8957 chris    7u  IPv4 12213374      0t0      TCP localhost.localdomain:boks-servc (LISTEN)
ruby    8957 chris    8u  IPv4 12213423      0t0      TCP localhost.localdomain:boks-servc->localhost.localdomain:45249 (ESTABLISHED)

And this is what I see post-reboot:
ruby    8957 chris    3r  FIFO    0,8      0t0 12203947 pipe
ruby    8957 chris    4w  FIFO    0,8      0t0 12203947 pipe
ruby    8957 chris    5r  FIFO    0,8      0t0 12203948 pipe
ruby    8957 chris    6w  FIFO    0,8      0t0 12203948 pipe

Again this is whether I try spawn or exec.

EDIT2
Given my diagnostic output, I see that the server keeps binding to fd 7, and the client to 8. By adding
7 => 7,
8 => 8,

to my options array, I am able to successfully persist these sockets across reboot using exec. It is feasible for me to manually add the server and [client1, client2,...] fds to the options hash, but this seems very dirty when :close_others is supposed to do the heavy lifting for me.

A: This certainly isn't the solution I was looking for, but in the absence of any revelations about the :close_options Hash and Process.spawn or Process.exec, I wound up manually adding all the file descriptors I cared about to the options array, which did the trick:
server_fd  = self.server.to_i
client_fds = self.clients.map { |c| c.get_fd }
env = {
  "APP_REBOOT"     => "true",
  "APP_SERVER_FD"  => server_fd.to_s,
  "APP_CLIENT_FDS" => Marshal.dump(client_fds),
}
options = {
  :in           => :in,
  :out          => :out,
  :err          => :err,
  :close_others => false,
}
# Add the server socket to the options Hash.
options[server_fd] = server_fd
# Add all the client sockets to the options Hash.
@clients.each { |c| options[c.get_fd] = c.get_fd }
# Begin anew.
Process.exec env, App.binary.to_s, options

I'll leave this answer unaccepted for a while, in case anyone comes along to set the record straight.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Why Can't It Be?
Label: Egami
On her fourth LP and follow-up to the lauded More, Tamia offers a mix of contemporary RnB and club-ready singles that were partially produced by vetted pop mastermind Rodney "Darkchild" Jenkins. Jenkins parachuted in for three of the biggest singles -- "Too Grown," "Can't Get Enough" and "The Way I Love You" -- but the rest of the record doesn't slouch, especially on the deeply soulful album cut "Last First Kiss."
The Way I Love You
Too Grown
Sittin' On The Job
Last First Kiss
When A Woman
Become Us
Have To Go Through It
Please Protect My Heart
Love And I
Latest albums by Tamia
Into You
Passion Like Fire


Dr. Marcus Nelson has made wide-reaching news as the superintendent of Waco I.S.D. for being arrested over a small amount of marijuana after a traffic stop where he was pulled over for driving in the left lane.
Many have called for his termination, saying he has set a bad example for the children and those who work under him, and that by not firing him the wrong message is being sent. Many others argue that he has done extremely well, and by some accounts saved a badly failing school system and should not be fired. Since Nelson's arrival, four of the five failing schools in the district have recovered.
There is also the argument that others in his position or similar have been fired for the same offense.
As a society, many of us seem to prefer punishment over helping people and achieving a positive outcome. Some believe that a positive outcome would result in his termination.
I think a positive outcome is an understanding that what happened is not something we should see from a superintendent of our school system, and I'm certain that some level of "punishment" is acceptable given that what he did was in fact public and illegal; but also that our society is full of nuance, and we should take each case independently on its own merits and determine an outcome which does the most good for everyone. Zero tolerance policies don't allow us to do this.
Do his actions set a bad example for the children or those who work under him? They absolutely do.
Were his actions taken while on the school's time? No, and that should be factored in.


text:
The allure of aluminum
Author Alan Richter
When a workpiece material is relatively easy to machine and a wide range of parts are made of it, a large number of part manufacturers will machine it. As a result, shops must achieve a high level of productivity to remain competitive, and that's certainly the case with aluminum alloys.
"For the customer, it's all about how many cubic inches of material they remove per minute," said Mike MacArthur, vice president of engineering for RobbJack Corp., Lincoln, California. "The more chips they get out as fast as possible, the more money they are going to make."
Selecting the appropriate cutting tool, such as an endmill, for an aluminum application requires optimizing the tool's substrate, geometric features and coating, if one is deposited.
A three-flute tool finishes an aluminum part. Image courtesy of LMT Onsrud
"It comes down to tailoring a tool to a specific part and getting the most out of it that you can," said Mitchell Parker, process improvement specialist for LMT Onsrud LP, Waukegan, Illinois. "You just have to have the right combination."
"You think, 'It is aluminum, and anything can cut it,' so you can use any tool in the drawer," he added. "To stay competitive, there are factors in making that high-performance tool that will get the material removal rates up."
One cutter doesn't fit all aluminum machining needs, so end users must work with toolmakers that have offerings across the spectrum.
"Because there are such a high variety of parts that are made of aluminum, you have to have a high variety of tools to serve the market," said Alyssa Walther, automotive specialist for Irving, Texas-based OSG USA Inc., who's based in Bensenville, Illinois.
Material Matters
A plethora of aluminum alloys are available, but the two most common are 6061-T6 and 7075, which MacArthur said is used usually to make aircraft components.
"The big player is the aerospace market," he said.
Walther concurred that 6061 is a popular choice.
"It is one of the material grades that we keep around our R&D facility for testing," she said.
In addition to the aerospace industry, Kyle Matsumoto, automotive specialist for OSG USA, noted that the industry he covers is a major consumer of aluminum, with a focus on high-volume production.
"The big difference between automotive and aerospace is the size of the parts," he said, "such as machining huge wings."
Those types of large aircraft parts previously were made of potentially dozens of components that were riveted, bolted or otherwise mechanically attached to each other but now are produced as monolithic structures, MacArthur said. To produce them, aircraft manufacturers sometimes turn 98% or 99% of a workpiece into chips while removing 32 kg (71 lbs.) or more of aluminum per minute.
As a result, cutting tool manufacturers have risen to the challenge.
"We are constantly coming out with a better version of what we did," Walther said. "Tools that can reach a longer length and still keep chatter and vibration down are constantly evolving as the years go by."
In addition to the various alloy compositions, aluminum comes as cast or wrought workpieces. Parker said cast can be more abrasive depending on the percentage of silicon. Therefore, cast aluminum often is machined at a slower cutting speed than wrought. LMT Onsrud recommends starting at about 244 to 305 m/min. (800 to 1,000 sfm) when cutting cast 6061 aluminum and 457 to 610 m/min. (1,500 to 2,000 sfm) when machining the wrought variety.
To avoid chip welding when milling aluminum, OSG USA offers tools with a diamondlike carbon coating. Image courtesy of OSG USA
"Those numbers are fine and good starting points," he said. "But at the end of the day, when you are trying to lead the market or beat the competition, you're not going to be at a low surface footage or low chip loads unless the material or the part dictates it. It depends on how clean the material is in the casting."
MacArthur agreed that 305 m/min. is a nice starting point when machining cast aluminum with high silicon content but said a starting suggestion is unnecessary when cutting wrought aluminum.
"On the wrought side, we are unlimited," he said. "We have customers taking a 1"-dia. (25 mm) tool at 33,000 rpm, which is a huge amount of surface footage."
A tool well suited to cut aluminum starts with its substrate. An end user can apply an HSS tool, but carbide cutters generally are needed to boost removal rates and extend tool life. Parker recommends a carbide grade with less than 10% cobalt because it tends to stick to a tool when exposed to a high level of heat, resulting in built-up edge and dulling upsharp cutting edges. But a tool with too little cobalt might be too hard and therefore too brittle.
While a low-cobalt-content tool is fairly hard, to handle the high amount of horsepower needed to effectively cut aluminum, the tool also must be somewhat tough. That's where grain size plays a role. MacArthur said the majority of tools with less than 10% cobalt have a submicron grain size.
"Because aluminum is easy to machine, you're taking 149-kW (200-hp) cuts and removing 70-plus lbs. (32-plus kg) of material per minute, which generates a tremendous amount of force," he said. "So you want the toughest tool that's going to last the longest and give you the most wear resistance."
Playing Flutes
When milling aluminum, the number of flutes on a tool is critical. Walther said a three-flute tool is common and effective for performing conventional roughing and semifinishing. Two-flute tools, however, provide an added benefit when slotting, deep pocketing and even finishing because their design enhances chip evacuation by providing the most amount of flute space.
"If you have a longer overhang and want a really smooth finish, typically the lower number of flutes will help reduce the amount of cutting vibration because there are only two points," she said. "You're basically indexing the tool 180° apart, so it gives the tool a chance to calm the chatter down."
Although a two-flute tool is more ordinary for milling aluminum, Parker said LMT Onsrud offers three-flute roughers that help lower the considerable spindle load on a machine.
However, two- or three-flute tools are not the only options when cutting aluminum. Walther said end users performing high-efficiency machining, which generally involves running at high feed rates and taking deeper DOCs (step-downs) and a shallow WOC, are gravitating toward tools with four to seven flutes — or more.
"It depends on what the customer's style of machining is," she said.
RobbJack also sees that trend.
"We have special five-flute tools that are going to be standard now that people can use to machine at thousands of inches per minute and max out their machines doing high-efficiency machining," MacArthur said.
Nonetheless, pushing a machine to its limits doesn't mean stressing it and shortening its life.
"We are just making sure we are utilizing all the rpm and all the horsepower that the machine has," MacArthur said. "We have tools that reduce the amount of horsepower that's consumed so you can remove more cubic inches per minute with the same amount of horsepower."
Slick Surfaces
Regardless of flute count, flutes should be highly polished to help clear chips and avoid re-cutting them.
"You want the substrate to be as slick as you can get it so nothing adheres to the cutting edge," Parker said, adding that LMT Onsrud polishes flutes before and after depositing a coating.
He noted that the more flutes a tool has, the higher the helix angle is, which reduces the pull on a part. In addition, the more flutes a tool has, the larger the core is.
"The heavier the core your tool has is crucial," Parker said. "You definitely need that because you're applying a lot of forces on that tool by machining aluminum."
When LMT Onsrud changes tool geometry to suit a specific application, the company bases the change on the horsepower and torque curve of a customer's machine, he explained. He said the toolmaker can provide specials in about six days for uncoated tools and eight days for coated ones.
MacArthur said the most common helix angle for a rougher is from 35° to 40°. That design also can be suitable for finishing, which traditionally requires a slightly higher helix angle. RobbJack, for example, offers a combination tool for hogging and finishing.
"In the old days, you would rough with a two-flute tool and finish with a three," he said. "We have the ability now with new geometry to hog with three flutes and finish with that same tool."
A tool doesn't necessitate the same geometry for each flute, and a variable helix and/or variable indexing is a well-established design to help minimize vibration.
"A significant portion of the newer tools that we're developing and bringing in have a variable-geometry component to them," Walther said.
A comparison is shown of the surface finish imparted when applying (left) and not applying (right) a Mirror Edge tool. Image courtesy of RobbJack
MacArthur said RobbJack introduced a geometry that eliminates vibration and chatter by matching tooth passing frequency to part frequency. Called Mirror Edge, it achieves stable cutting conditions by combining polished flutes, various corner radii, through-coolant capability and chipbreakers. The geometry also eradicates witness marks and staircase-shaped grooves when, for example, deep pocketing and finishing deep walls, according to the company.
However, RobbJack reports that spring passes, which are cuts taken on a wall a second time or more that follow the same toolpath, might be needed to improve finish and deflection. Company test results show that up to four spring passes can be taken with specific tools without any negative effects.
"Normally, we do not recommend doing that, and we have tools and geometry to eliminate that," MacArthur said. "It normally reduces tool life and lengthens cycle time. However, when the tool is sticking out and contacting the entire wall at a 5-1 length-to-diameter ratio, the tool has more flex. So a spring pass is necessary to get rid of flexing and taper in the wall."
A Lubricious Layer
To help prevent BUE and extend tool life, Matsumoto said OSG USA can deposit a diamondlike carbon coating on tools for aluminum applications.
"We are trying to reduce the friction so we can avoid chip welding on the tools," he said.
The coefficient of friction for OSG USA's DLC coating is approximately 0.1.
Tools that cut aluminum commonly are uncoated. In those cases, Matsumoto recommends much polishing of tool surfaces to combat BUE.
MacArthur estimates that about 30% of RobbJack's customers order tools with a DLC coating for machining aluminum while the rest choose uncoated tools.
"If you have gummy aluminums, coatings tend to be used more because they add lubricity," he said. "Most of our customers are using the DLC coating for roughing operations, where they want to get more minutes or hours out of the tool."
MacArthur said one disadvantage of a coating, even one only 2 µm to 3 µm (0.00008" to 0.00012") thick, is that it adds a small hone to a theoretical upsharp edge.
"If your parts are ultrasensitive to having the most razor-sharp edge," he said, "then the uncoated is a hair sharper."
Applying coolant also helps reduce friction, resist heat and minimize microfracturing of a tool, Parker said. However, external coolant may not penetrate all necessary part features, such as in a deep pocket if a tool is against a wall. When possible, he recommends through-coolant tools to avoid re-cutting chips and putting unnecessary heat into a part.
To further lessen heat going into a part and tool and instead send heat into chips, end users should examine their machining strategies. He said one that aids with maintaining a constant chip load is trochoidal milling, which is circular milling that includes simultaneous forward movements.
"I know a lot of people are not using radial chip thinning, so they are underutilizing the tool," Parker said. "More times than not, they are rubbing and not producing the chip thickness that's desired for a specific radial depth of cut."
When all elements correctly come together, end users cutting aluminum would be wise to have adequate hearing protection.
"We even have a customer that is cutting so much aluminum that they have cut holes in a wall of the machine," MacArthur said, adding that the wall was replaced but not the machine. "It sounds like a machine gun going off when they're cutting aluminum."
For more information about machining aluminum, view video presentations by RobbJack and LMT Onsrud at www.ctemag.com by entering this URL on your web browser: cteplus.delivr.com/2fbm4
Substance used for grinding, honing, lapping, superfinishing and polishing. Examples include garnet, emery, corundum, silicon carbide, cubic boron nitride and diamond in various grit sizes.
Substances having metallic properties and being composed of two or more chemical elements of which at least one is a metal.
Aluminum containing specified quantities of alloying elements added to obtain the necessary mechanical and physical properties. Aluminum alloys are divided into two categories: wrought compositions and casting compositions. Some compositions may contain up to 10 alloying elements, but only one or two are the main alloying elements, such as copper, manganese, silicon, magnesium, zinc or tin.
built-up edge ( BUE)
1. Permanently damaging a metal by heating to cause either incipient melting or intergranular oxidation. 2. In grinding, getting the workpiece hot enough to cause discoloration or to change the microstructure by tempering or hardening.
built-up edge ( BUE)2
Condition of vibration involving the machine, workpiece and cutting tool. Once this condition arises, it is often self-sustaining until the problem is corrected. Chatter can be identified when lines or grooves appear at regular intervals in the workpiece. These lines or grooves are caused by the teeth of the cutter as they vibrate in and out of the workpiece and their spacing depends on the frequency of vibration.
Fluid that reduces temperature buildup at the tool/workpiece interface during machining. Normally takes the form of a liquid such as soluble or chemical mixtures (semisynthetic, synthetic) but can be pressurized air or other gas. Because of water's ability to absorb great quantities of heat, it is widely used as a coolant and vehicle for various cutting compounds, with the water-to-compound ratio varying with the machining task. See cutting fluid; semisynthetic cutting fluid; soluble-oil cutting fluid; synthetic cutting fluid.
cutting speed
Tangential velocity on the surface of the tool or workpiece at the cutting interface. The formula for cutting speed (sfm) is tool diameter 5 0.26 5 spindle speed (rpm). The formula for feed per tooth (fpt) is table feed (ipm)/number of flutes/spindle speed (rpm). The formula for spindle speed (rpm) is cutting speed (sfm) 5 3.82/tool diameter. The formula for table feed (ipm) is feed per tooth (ftp) 5 number of tool flutes 5 spindle speed (rpm).
depth of cut
Distance between the bottom of the cut and the uncut surface of the workpiece, measured in a direction at right angles to the machined surface of the workpiece.
endmill
Milling cutter held by its shank that cuts on its periphery and, if so configured, on its free end. Takes a variety of shapes (single- and double-end, roughing, ballnose and cup-end) and sizes (stub, medium, long and extra-long). Also comes with differing numbers of flutes.
Rate of change of position of the tool as a whole, relative to the workpiece while cutting.
Grooves and spaces in the body of a tool that permit chip removal from, and cutting-fluid application to, the point of cut.
gang cutting ( milling)
Machining with several cutters mounted on a single arbor, generally for simultaneous cutting.
Angle that the tool's leading edge makes with the plane of its centerline.
high-speed steels ( HSS)
Available in two major types: tungsten high-speed steels (designated by letter T having tungsten as the principal alloying element) and molybdenum high-speed steels (designated by letter M having molybdenum as the principal alloying element). The type T high-speed steels containing cobalt have higher wear resistance and greater red (hot) hardness, withstanding cutting temperature up to 1,100º F (590º C). The type T steels are used to fabricate metalcutting tools (milling cutters, drills, reamers and taps), woodworking tools, various types of punches and dies, ball and roller bearings. The type M steels are used for cutting tools and various types of dies.
inches per minute ( ipm)
Value that refers to how far the workpiece or cutter advances linearly in 1 minute, defined as: ipm = ipt 5 number of effective teeth 5 rpm. Also known as the table feed or machine feed.
Measure of the relative efficiency with which a cutting fluid or lubricant reduces friction between surfaces.
Machining operation in which metal or other material is removed by applying power to a rotating cutter. In vertical milling, the cutting tool is mounted vertically on the spindle. In horizontal milling, the cutting tool is mounted horizontally, either directly on the spindle or on an arbor. Horizontal milling is further broken down into conventional milling, where the cutter rotates opposite the direction of feed, or "up" into the workpiece; and climb milling, where the cutter rotates in the direction of feed, or "down" into the workpiece. Milling operations include plane or surface milling, endmilling, facemilling, angle milling, form milling and profiling.
Abrasive process that improves surface finish and blends contours. Abrasive particles attached to a flexible backing abrade the workpiece.
Machining, normally milling, that creates slots, grooves and similar recesses in workpieces, including T-slots and dovetails.
toolpath( cutter path)
2-D or 3-D path generated by program code or a CAM system and followed by tool when machining a part.
Ability of the tool to withstand stresses that cause it to wear during cutting; an attribute linked to alloy composition, base material, thermal conditions, type of tooling and operation and other variables.
On a rotating tool, the portion of the tool body that joins the lands. Web is thicker at the shank end, relative to the point end, providing maximum torsional strength.
Alan Richter
Editor-at-large
alanr@ctemedia.com
Alan holds a bachelor's degree in journalism from Southern Illinois University Carbondale. Including his 20 years at CTE, Alan has more than 30 years of trade journalism experience.
LMT Onsrud LP
www.onsrud.com
OSG USA Inc.
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Kate Garraway to present new weekend breakfast show
And Martin and Roman Kemp are getting a new show too!
By Emma Nolan
Mike MarslandGetty Images
Kate Garraway has just landed her very own Saturday breakfast show on ITV and her I'm A Celebrity campmate Roman Kemp is set to front his own Sunday morning show too.
ITV has just announced two new food weekend shows set to arrive on our TVs this spring – Breakfast at Garraway's and Martin & Roman's Sunday Best!
Breakfast at Garraway's will see the much-loved Good Morning Britain presenter host her own one-hour show every Saturday morning.
Kate's jungle pal, Myles Stephenson, will join her in the studio for the series, which will see Kate and her celebrity guests share their thoughts on things to bring joy to the weekend; from what to cook for your Saturday night TV dinner, to what to watch on telly and everything in between.
A post shared by Kate Garraway (@kategarraway)
Kate said she is "absolutely thrilled" with the announcement.
"I am absolutely thrilled to be welcoming everyone to join me and my sidekick, Myles, every Saturday morning for Breakfast at Garraway's," she said in a statement.
"We will have everything you need for a great weekend. I will have the best guests dropping by to tell us what they do to make their weekends great and live their best life. I can't wait to get going!"
Martin & Roman's Sunday Best! will see the father and son duo present their first TV series together.
The weekly Sunday morning programme will will be filled with fun, celebrity chat and live music performances. There will also be up-and-coming comedians, games and challenges, with Martin and Roman competing against each other.
A post shared by Roman Kemp (@romankemp)
Roman said: "Working with my dad is something I love to do. We don't live together anymore - I don't get to see him as often as I used to, so I am so excited to be presenting our own chat show on a Sunday morning, Martin & Roman's Sunday Best! on ITV. We will have a real variety of guests on the sofa with us every Sunday, I can't wait to get started!"
Martin added: "What could be better than sitting on the sofa again with my son Roman! But this time it's to present our own Sunday morning chat show. Martin & Roman's Sunday Best! Brilliant guests, music and stuff to make you laugh. Just another day in the Kemp household. Coming soon! Every Sunday morning. I can't wait!"
The release date for both shows has yet to be announced.
Kate Garraway's dress just reinvented purple
Emma Nolan Emma Nolan is a Digital Writer at Prima covering everything from fashion and beauty, to food and drink and entertainment and television.
More From Good Morning Britain
Amanda Barrie's tribute to friend Barbara Windsor
GMB's Kate reflects on family's "missed moments"
Ranvir Singh on being a working mum
Kate Garraway on Ben Shephard's generosity
Strictly's Ranvir likens the show to childbirth
Susanna Reid overcome with emotion on GMB
GMB viewers offer Kate Garraway their cars
Susanna's reaction to vaccine has Piers blushing
Strictly's Ranvir on getting highest score so far
Kate Garraway on husband's "miracle" breakthrough
Good Morning Britain
Kate Garraway shows off new hairstyle on GMB
Kate Garraway shares positive news about Derek
The One Show confirms new presenters
Eamonn Holmes and Ruth Langsford have some very exciting news
Kate Garraway embraces Christmas in cheesy jumper
Kate Garraway is planning a second wedding


Most of these pieces will be available at the Bluff Country Studio Art Tour next weekend. Later, anything that hasn't sold will make it's way to my Etsy shop.
The kiln has been reloaded and I hope the things in this load will turn out as well as the one this morning.


Last night, I gave you a recipe with fresh pumpkin as the star of the show. Most of us are used to buying the already-pureed stuff in a can, but fresh pumpkin will definitely break you out of the rut of thinking pumpkin = pumpkin pie each and every time. This gratin is another prime example. Serve as a side dish with any savory meal, and you'll begin to see how versatile this winter squash can be. It takes a little bit of effort to cut the peel from the pumpkin (sharpen your knives, folks), but once that's done, this dish comes together quickly.
1. Steam the pumpkin, covered, for 10 minutes - it should be tender by the end. Drain.
2. Combine the pumpkin in a bowl with the pear, orange rind, orange juice, cranberries, brown sugar, ginger, salt, and black pepper.
3. Spoon the mixture into an 11x7-inch baking dish coated with cooking spray, then cover and bake at 400 degrees for 20 minutes.
4. Meanwhile, place the bread slices in a food processor and pulse about 10 times - coarse crumbs should measure about 1 cup. Combine the breadcrumbs in a bowl with the cheddar and butter.
5. Uncover the gratin and sprinkle with the breadcrumb mixture. Bake for an additional 10 minutes, until golden brown on top.
*I recommend apple juice-sweetened dried cranberries rather than those sweetened with sugar. You'll avoid any potentially bone-char filtered sugar that way.
Pumpkin + pear = amazing, an unexpected and perfect combination of this tender winter squash and the slightly grainy cooked pear. This gratin was a delight in every bite, from the sweet elements (orange juice, dried cranberries) to the savory ones (cheddar, breadcrumbs). Perfect.


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The Soccorso Tower (Barbarossa Tower) Ossuccio Like
The Tower is located on a rocky outcrop above the village of Spurano and it was an ancient watchtower, which probably dates back to the 12th century. The fortified structure, included in the difensive system of the Comacina Island, was probably abandoned in 1169 after destruction of the island and it remained unused and in disrepair for a long time. The tower was acquired in 1958 by the architect Clemente Bernasconi who restored it and adapted it for residential purposes. It now belongs to the Italian National Trust (FAI). The unit is surrounded by an exterior curtain wall and it also includes another lower building where there are rooms of the house> The tower has massive walls of Moltrasio stone in which there are some loopholes. From the roof terrace you can enjoy a splendid view of the lake.
Photo: Lombardia Beni Culturali
San Giacomo(0.2 km)
This little Romanesque church is built directly on the lake and still preserves its original structure. Worth seeing is not only the sail bell tower, but also the several traces of frescoes on the internal and external walls, among which stands out the huge image of S. Cristoforo. Other frescos depict scenes from Christ's life.
The Soccorso Tower (Barbarossa Tower)
via alla Torre, Ossuccio CO 22010
Nearby Things to Do include: Water Activities such as Lido Ossuccio and Hiring a Boat; Parks & Gardens such as Teresio Olivelli Park and Parco Mayer Beach; Cooking Schools such as Casa Brenna Tosatto Cooking School; Churches such as San Giacomo and The Sacred Mount of Ossuccio; Villas such as Villa Rachele Beccaria and Villa Balbiano; Towns such as Sala Comacina and Lenno.


In the previous post, we have seen that there is a number of ways to erase the type of an object while still holding a "handle" to it and being able to make use of it. This can be summarized in the following table.
While there are many ways to erase a type, I will use name type erasure to denote the usage of std::function-like value-semantic interface. This convention appears to be widely accepted in C++ community.
In this post, we will see how to create a custom type-erased interface. This is not easy, as there is no language feature for that.
I realize that this may not be a convincing real-life example of a concept, but this is just to illustrate the techniques. I needed a concept that is (a) small and (b) can be 'modeled'/'implemented' by built-in types that have no member functions. Apart from an int, we can imagine other implementations of counters: a counter that logs each decrement, a counter that contains a list of other counters and decrements all of them when it itself is decremented.
So, how do we do the same without language support?
We may (but don't have to) specify a concept. This is not strictly necessary, but it can improve our diagnostic messages when someöne tries to bind an incorrect type to our interface. For specifying concepts, we could use Boost Concept Check Library.
Double parentheses are the price to be paid for using a library-based solution to concepts rather than concepts built into the language. There is a lot of macro and template meta-programming magic involved to make this library work.
This interface corresponds to our concept, but does not have to be identical, and in fact, it cannot be identical in case we are using non-member functions. Instead of names decrement and done, we could have used names operator-- and explicit operator bool, and this would have even been more sane, but my goal was to stress that the names in the internal interface need not be the same as these in the external interface — the one that is really going to be used. Class adobe::poly_copyable_interface is a base interface that we extend. It provides definitions of member functions common to all value-semantic interfaces: assign, clone, exchange for copying and swapping, plus some other functions for querying the exact type bound to the outer interface — but this is done for us: we only need to worry about specifying the operations custom to our interface.
Here, T is the to-be-erased type that users want to bind to our external value-semantic interface. T has to model our concept CountdownCounter. We check that in line 5. This is a compile-time test, and it makes template error messages more readable. But this line is not strictly necessary. If we omit it, we will simply get less readable error messages if we bind a type to the incompatible interface. Line 7 is an alias declaration, it is the new substitute for typedefs. adobe::optimized_storage_type is a utility for picking the most efficient storage for type T. In short, if T is small enough, rather than allocating it on a heap, we will use a potentially stack-based aligned_storage. This trick is often called a small buffer optimization.
We also need to define two constructors: one allows initialization from T, the other is Adobe's way of implementing move constructor. Finally, we implement the internal interface's member functions with T's interface. Expression this->get() returns T& (or T const& respectively). This is where we map T's interface onto our internal interface. Note that we lost the type returned by T's operator--. That's fine here. We will restore it in the next class we define. Other member functions that need to be overridden, which deal with copying and swapping, are already defined in base_t, the class we derive from: the framework does it for us.
Well, performing mutating operations in assertions is a bad idea. I just tried to make the example short. Don't do it at home. You can see that adobe::poly offers no implicit conversion from T to the interface object. I had to use explicit initialization. Also, you can see tat there is a lot of boiler-plate code involved in creating an interface. One would expect some macro-based automation for this process. For a complete, working program code, see here.
We can see that specializations of concept_interface for our concept testable expose the explicit conversion to bool themselves. Function call in the implementation internally calls our function testable<T>::apply.
That's quite a lot of boiler palate, but this is an exceptional situation (a conversion function), and likely to be fixed. Also, note that we had to define our mini-concept only once. Now it can be used to build many other composed concepts: not only our counter. Now we have to compose our mini-concepts together.
For a complete, working program code, see here.
It is boringly similar to the previous example. There are two things worth noting. First, look how member function free_load is implemented in terms of free function load. Second, note how I used friend declaration to declare a free function inside class, visible in a namespace enclosing the class.
This may require some explanation. First line declares a mini-concept has_member_store. It requires that the model has member function store taking 1 argument: we do not specify yet what the type of this argument is or if the member function is const. similarly, second line defines a mini-concept has_free_load, requiring that there exists a free function load taking one argument (the model). Next, we compose the requirements. Now, we do specify the types missed previously. The strange _self& means that we want to pass argument to function load by non-const reference. Because we didn't specify otherwise, our member function store is non-const.
It is much shorter than Adobe.Poly, but it involves a lot of template and macro magic, which is likely to hit you. I spent a lot of time trying to make these examples compile. Here, you can find complete working examples for for Adobe.Poly and for Boost.TypeErasure.
And that's it for part II. Stay tuned for the next one.
This entry was posted in programming and tagged C++11, concepts, generic programming, type erasure, value semantics. Bookmark the permalink.
Very nice follow-up. Again, a joy to read.
A Q: Do you actually use type-erasure frameworks/libs in real life?
P.S.: Tiny issue: LoggingCounter& operator–() has return *this; missing.
Ha! That's a very important question. I wanted to tell about it in part III, but since you have asked. No: I did not use either of these libraries in production code. Typically I rely on already existing components: std::functions, std::shared_ptr. Only once did I want to provide a type-erased iterator (of different interface than STL iterators), and then I implemented type erasure from scratch. Boost.TypeErasure did not exist at that time, but even if it was I would hesitate to use it, mostly because of the compiler magic involved: the error messages…. Adobe.Poly would be a candidate, but writing my own was faster that incorporating a new third-party library to a my project and learning it. Perhaps the choice would have been different, If I had a tutorial like this one above.
Asking because even tho I don't use external "TE" libs I do erase types in some circumstances. boost::any and std::function are obvious examples (tho any is used much less as its interface does not allow for much). For example, I rolled my own range library based on D'd ranges rather than boost::range, point is I do also have a type InputRange which iterates over Ts hiding actual implementation (might even be stream of random numbers).
I don't see std::shared_ptr as a TE mechanism because of different semantics – every pointer has always reference semantics and the way I see it, proper TE always produces value types (deep copy / assign).
Did you see Sean Parent's Going Na(t)ive 2013 presentation? (Tho he has been presenting this for years really). I call what he does "valualizing polymorphic types". He also erases the type of implementation to hide it behind non-virtual "facade" that provides actual interface to the client and deals with cloning / swapping. He also argues that those types should almost always be immutable (which I must admit I find really hard to disprove). He is from Adobe btw and most likely directly related to Poly library.
Yes, have seen Sean Parent's presentations. I consider them the introduction to Adobe.Poly. One motivation for using Adobe.Poly is that it already provides the small buffer optimization, which you do not have to re-implement.
Regarding std::shared_ptr I feel I need to add one word, as I do not want to encourage anyone to using them. But they have one interesting thing: type-erased deleter. I intend to write about it in Part III.
Don't know why but I can't reply to your response. Anyway, regarding shared_ptr's deleter: yes, that is imho the biggest advantage over unique_ptr. No need to burden the client with the deletion mechanism. For (similar) reason all my std containers are used with type-erased allocators – vector of T is the important part, rest is detail.


Long Island Flooring Magazine - Wood Floors - Why choose Wood?
Wood flooring is without doubt the most popular choice when it comes to installing a new flooring option.
Available in a wide range of hardwoods and softwoods, wood will last forever and needs little maintenance in order to keep its appeal and beauty.
A modern addition to today's range of floors is laminate floors. Laminates have brought look-alike flooring options to consumers that may not be able to afford a real wood floor - and the good news is that they look great!
Many people discover an old wood floor underneath old carpet and wonder whether they can restore it to its former glory. The answer is almost always "Yes", unless it is suffering from a serious rot problem or some form of boring beetle. Even then, it is always worth getting a second opinion from an expert before consigning your floor to the garbage tip.
If cost is a prime factor in the choice between laminate or solid wood, consider the fact that there is a ready market in second-hand flooring. This is available from specialist dealers or individuals who can't spare the time and effort it takes to prepare an old wood floor. Nails may need to be removed and there may be a few bumps and dents in it - but if cost is an issue, don't overlook it.
Another important issue you should consider when buying any new solid wood product is where it comes from. There are unfortunately suppliers who aren't too bothered whether their supplies are purchased from sustainable resources or not, so always look for a properly accredited supplier. In the US the Forest Stewardship Council (fscus.org) offers certification that consumers can trust when it comes to purchasing timber products.
Some popular solid hardwood flooring are Oak, Cherry, Maple, Bamboo Flooring, Walnut, Beech and Ash.
For each of these flooring options there are different grades of floor available. Grading refers to the quality of a floor with regard to its color and graining appearance. Sometimes what you see in the supplier's brochure isn't quite what you get when the product is laid. You should always make sure that you are viewing at the showroom is what you will get at home, but always remember that wood is a natural product and no two pieces will be the same - one of the beauties of natural wood floor.


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You are at:Home»Innovation»Digital Fronts: Jukin Media
Digital Fronts: Jukin Media
By MIP Markets on	 May 17, 2017 Innovation
The emergence of user-generated video content has ushered in a revolution in entertainment. Jukin Media, whom the New York Times described as having "built a viral video empire," is a global entertainment company powered entirely by user-generated video content. This session features Jukin's Founder & CEO Jonathan Skogmo, and Co-Founder & Chief Development Officer Josh Entman, showcasing exciting new projects and sharing insights on Jukin's wholly unique and wildly successful business model.
-Josh Entman, Cofounder and Chief Development Officer, Jukin Media, USA
-Jonathan Skogmo, Founder & CEO, Jukin Media, USA
Digital Fronts Host:
-Jocelyn Johnson, Founder/CEO, Videoink, USA
Download the transcript here!
Discover More TV Trends at MIPCOM & MIPTV !
Jukin Media MIPCOM MIPTV user-generated User-generated-Content viral
MIPTV and MIPCOM are the world's most important global markets for the TV and digital media industry. They are the key events for buying and selling, financing and distributing programmes in all genres, on all platforms. Together, every 6 months, they form the annual landmark events of the entertainment calendar, attracting key industry executives, thought-leaders and creative talent from the entire content spectrum to negotiate deals, network and gain insight. MIPTV and MIPCOM respectively take place every Apriland October in Cannes, France.
Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and the entertainment industry
Unblocking the Chain: Blockchain in TV and Film Production, Finance and Distribution – Exclusive White Paper


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The results confirm the excellent acopps measured by the testing laboratory and during operation. Learn more – opens in new window or tab. Learn More – opens in a new window or tab Any international shipping is paid in part to Pitney Bowes Inc.
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text:
class Solution(object):
    def isBalanced(self, root):
        """
        :type root: TreeNode
        :rtype: bool
        """
        def check(root):
            if root is None:
                return 0
            left  = check(root.left)
            right = check(root.right)
            if left == -1 or right == -1 or abs(left - right) > 1:
                return -1
            return 1 + max(left, right)

        return check(root) != -1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


When it comes to providing community facilities, I like to think that Dartford Borough Council is a little bit different from the average local authority. Since 2003, my colleagues and I have had a clear vision to bring together traditional community values with seriously good quality architecture to create some of the best new public spaces imaginable.
Central Park. Now, we have been able to create a new pavilion for Dartford Cricket Club at Hesketh Park.
Every project we have gone on to complete started just like this one with a commitment that we will always try our best to make good things happen. This was and still is not about a Council and a Cricket Club. It is about all of us, as Dartford people, trying to do something good for our town.
At the outset we didn't quite know exactly what lay ahead as we were, for us, using some pioneering approaches. We've overcome many challenges and learnt a lot along the way but we have delivered on our promise to provide both a magnificent community facility and the vehicle to help take the Cricket Club through the 21st century.
Councillor Jeremy Kite, Leader of the Council.
The visuals (below) were unveiled to members at the AGM in December 2013. We were then awarded a grant from the Council for the necessary funding for the build in the Spring of 2014 and we finally broke ground in September 2014.
Despite some initial delays building work moved very quickly, mainly due to the modular nature of the design, and the main structure of the building was all but complete by the turn of the year. New Year saw work start on the fitting out with much of the work being done by local tradesman. February saw the demolition of the old Pavilion which some may not realise is the second cricket pavilion at Hesketh Park, with the original Victorian building being destroyed by fire in the 1980s.
We suffered a number of setbacks during the build, but the biggest and most challenging was a break in which set us back 4 weeks with just 7 weeks to go. However with a monumental effort from all involved the building was duly ready for the 'topping off' ceremony at the end of March with Jeremy Kite, Tony Martin and Mayor Avtar Sandhu doing the honours.
The Club has a long and proud history stretching back nearly 300 years and it was important to us that this was remembered as part of this project. It was with great pleasure that we were able to remember stalwarts of the Club, like Graham Dilley, Paul Stanford, Don Wykes, Gordon Morris, Les Knapp, Derek Ufton and our current Club President Mike Cullingham. It was also fantastic that some of these people and their families were able to join us to mark the occasion.
Work then continued to complete the build ahead of the Club's opening dinner on 11th April. 150 members and friends donned black tie and ball gowns and were royally entertained with fireworks, dancing and guest speakers ex England captain Alec Stewart and Strictly Come Dancing Winner and BBC presenter Chris Hollins under the stewardship of Club Chairman Jim Lowrie.
The new 4 lane net facility on the footprint of the old pavilion which was funded by a grant from ECB was opened for the last few weeks of the season and by the start of the 2016 season the landscaping around the pavilion and nets was fully completed.
This is not the end of developments though as we are seeking further funding for an irrigation system that will use rainwater from the roof, collected in a 25,000 litre tank already buried to the side of the pavilion, to help keep the outfield lush and green throughout the summer months. Plans for an indoor cricket facility are also still in view at a site away from Hesketh Park with details and timnescales being still uncertain.


Yesterday, the first snow fell this winter. And not just a few snowflakes.
Today started with more snow, but at this moment, it has already started melting.
This entry was posted in BaseWord, HomeBase on 22 November, 2015 by Erik.
Though I am quite busy these days, there is not much to write about. Mostly it is just work taking a lot of time.
This entry was posted in BaseWord, me on 9 November, 2015 by Erik.


book reports, book, report, dioramas, oral reports, plot summary, scene, 3-D, lesson ... I go to Ockerman as well(; I'm in 7th grade and i had Mrs. Raider last year.
Book Report Projects, Book Reports Ideas, 3Rd Grade Book Reports, Creative ..... I did this same project in 7th grade! it was such a cool way to do a book report.


Originally I had 16 generic LED recessed lights (https://www.amazon.com/B-right-Ultra...015SD57RY?th=1) controlled by a MA-600 and two Companion Dimmers. Everything worked fine except all of the transformers had a slight buzzing I could hear when the room was quiet.
Over time this bothered me more and more, I researched and found that the MAELV-600 will often solve the buzzing issue.
So I replaced the MA-600 with the MAELV-600 (with some adjustment to the wiring configuration) and success! no more buzzing. However when I turn the lights near full intensity the lights begin flashing on and off and the LED indicators on the side of the dimmer cycle rapidly. I adjusted the upper and lower trim settings but to no avail. Help please?
I meant to put this in the Performance section... can we move it?
Can we program a button to do Full-Flash mode?
Utilitech Pro LED Recessed Lighting (Lowes), Which Dimmer?


A digital panorex is the latest in cutting-edge equipment that is featured at Shandon Family Dentistry. A panorex is a radiograph (x-ray) that provides an image of all of your teeth, sinuses, the temporomandilar joint (often called the TMJ), as well as the maxilla and mandible (upper and lower jaws) all in one image. This diagnostic film reveals pathology such as cysts or tumors that may have gone unnoticed in previous radiographs. Our panorex features patented Articulated Motion Technology, which automatically adjusts to your anatomy to ensure a consistency in your diagnostic image.


Oracle database, we can use hints to force a specific join method.
Before use each of hints with table join, we should know about join method.
On 10g Performance Tuning Tips & Tech book told about a quick view of the primary join type.
Resource Concerns CPU, disk I/O. Memory, temporary segments. Memory, temporary segments.
Features Efficient with highly selective indexes and restrictive searches. Used to return the first row of a result quickly. Better than NESTED LOOPS when an index is missing or the search criteria are not very selective. Can work with limited memory. Better than NESTED LOOPS when an index is missing or the search criteria are not very selective. It is usually faster than a SORT-MERGE.
Drawbacks Very inefficient when indexes are missing or if the index criteria are not limiting. Requires a sort on both tables. It is built for best optimal throughput and does not return the first row until all row are found. Can require a large amount of memory for the hash table to be built. Does not return the first rows quickly. Can be extremely slow if it must do the operation on disk.
I think that's help us determine hints before we will force a specific table join.
Begin Testing: Use hints to force a specific table join method.
pga_aggregate_target : improve performance of all sorts.
db_file_multiblock_read_count : good for full table scans.


text:
Poland Wants Name Change for Auschwitz
Poland has stirred controversy by requesting that UNESCO change the name of Auschwitz concentration camp to better reflect its Nazi German -- not Polish -- origin.
Poland wants the world to remember that Auschwitz was German not Polish
It began after a German magazine referred to Auschwitz concentration camp as a "Polish" death camp.
What is in a name? Quite a lot, according to Poland.
The Polish government wants UNESCO to clearly describe the former Auschwitz death camp as "Nazi" and "German" in the UN culture organization's list of world heritage sites. They say it shopuld be officially designated as the "former Nazi German Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration Camp."
At the moment the UN culture organization lists the site as the "Auschwitz Concentration Camp," but says in its accompanying description that the "fortified walls, barbed wire, platforms, barracks, gallows, gas chambers and cremation ovens show the conditions within which the Nazi genocide took place in the former concentration and extermination camp of Auschwitz-Birkenau, the largest in the Third Reich."
"We cannot continue to ignore repeated publications that defame Poland," Jan Kasprzyk, a culture ministry official told Reuters. "The new name is completely accurate. By stating who was the perpetrator of a war that ended more than 60 years ago, honest mistakes could be avoided."
More than a million died
Germany occupied Poland from 1939 to 1945. In 1940, the Nazis built the camp on the site of former Polish army barracks on the outskirts of the southern town of Oswiecim -- Auschwitz in German. It was one of six extermination camps in Poland.
More than 1 million people died in Auschwitz, mostly Jewish
The camp was expanded later to the nearby village of Birkenau. At least 1.1 million men, women and children, mostly Jews, perished at Auschwitz-Birkenau during World War II.
The Auschwitz concentration camp was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979. Since then, international media have repeatedly referred to the camp as Polish due to its location. Polish officials have long complained to journalists to no avail, they said.
Redefining history?
The World Jewish Congress has voiced opposition to the Polish request, saying that the country wants to redefine history with the name change.
"Although the camp had been built and run by Nazi Germany, everybody in the area had known about its existence and workers were recruited from the Polish population in the neighboring village," WJC officials told German news agency DPA in a statement.
But Wladyslaw Bartoszewski, the head of the International Auschwitz Council and a former camp prisoner disagreed, telling the news agency that "none of the local residents worked at Auschwitz."
Controversial timing
The issue has attracted attention just one month before a visit by German-born Pope Benedict XVI to Auschwitz in his first journey to his predecessor's homeland since assuming the his position. It also follows a stern warning from the Vatican to Poland's hard-line Catholic Radio Maryja after the fundamentalist radio station -- which claims to have an audience of around three million -- aired anti-Semitic statements by commentator Stanislaw Michalkiewicz.
Pope Benedict XVI has reached out to Jews in his first year as pope
Michalkiewicz accused Jews of "humiliating Poland internationally by demanding money" for goods and property expropriated during World War II.
"We look after democratic issues in Ukraine and Belarus, while in our own backyard, 'kikes' sneak up behind us to try to oblige our government to pay them money on the pretext of these demands," he said.
Some conservatives say the Vatican issued the warnings because the pope is German.
In a comment broadcast on Radio Maryja and published in its sister publication, Nasz Dziennik, Boguslaw Wolniewicz, an academic, said: "I have a sneaking suspicion that those who were behind the latest attack (on Radio Maryja) are trying to exploit the fact that the new pope is German and would be ill-placed to defend someone whom the media and some in his entourage have accused of anti-Semitism. No one on earth is more scared of being labeled an anti-Semite than a German. And with good reason, because they know what they did."
Holocaust Remembrance Day More Relevant Than Ever
Jan. 27, 1945: The Red Army liberated Auschwitz, exposing Nazi brutality to the world. Sixty years later, the event is honored as the first International Holocaust Day. It comes at a time of heightened anti-Semitism. (Jan. 27, 2006)
Kaczynski: Good Polish-German Relations Important for Europe
Polish President Lech Kaczynski said on Wednesday that good relations with Germany were "important for all of Europe" after he met with German Chancellor Angela Merkel on his first visit to Berlin. (March 8, 2006)
Report: German Bank Helped Build Auschwitz
A new report shows that Dresdner Bank had stronger ties to the Nazis than once thought. (Jan. 23, 2006)
Author DW staff (jb)
Related Subjects Auschwitz, Poland, Germany, Pope Francis, World Heritage, Holocaust
Keywords Poland, German, Germany, auschwitz, nazi, pope, radio maryja, UNESCO, name change, polish, Poland is asking UNESCO to rename the death camp to better reflect its Nazi German origins.
Permalink https://p.dw.com/p/8GCe
Poland protests Vladimir Putin's speech at Holocaust event 12.01.2020
In 1945, the Soviets liberated Nazi Germany's Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp in occupied Poland. Russia, Poland and Israel are engaged in a diplomatic spat surrounding the 75th anniversary of this event.
Poland versus Putin: Dispute over history 31.12.2019
Polish PM Morawiecki has slammed Russian President Putin's claims that Poland is partly responsible for WWII. The row touches on both countries' images at home and abroad. Magdalena Gwozdz-Pallokat reports from Warsaw.
At Auschwitz, Angela Merkel expresses shame over barbaric crimes 06.12.2019
After 14 years in office, the chancellor has visited Nazi Germany's most notorious concentration camp. While there, she underscored her country's enduring responsibilities.


Large family home of 26sqs internal living, featuring a modern and classy kitchen with designer splashback, stone bench tops, stainless steel appliances, large island bench for entertaining, walk in pantry plus access to the outdoor entertaining area via timber stacker doors that lead to alfresco and undercover pergola areas. Comprising three spacious separate living zones and four bedrooms, master suite with a large ensuite fitted with double vanity, large shower and walk in robe. Other features include 9ft ceilings, decorative doors & cornice, double glazed windows, a drying cupboard, evaporative cooling, gas central heating, roller door access through to back yard through the DLUG and plenty of storage. Inspect today to truly understand all this luxurious home has to offer.


text:
Adam Link: The Autobiography of a Mechanical Man [Guest Post]
By GW Thomas
Sympathetic robot characters were not the norm in the 1930s. Robots were either the tools of mad scientists or out-of-control monsters. Isaac Asimov's fame as an SF writer rests partly on his tales of likeable robots. He created the famous "Three Laws of Robotics," logically deduced rules that robots would have to follow to be used safely in society. Asimov wrote entire novels around possible issues with the Three Laws and how robots would be accepted or not by humans.
But this was in the 1940s. Asimov's first story, "Robbie," was written in 1939 and did not see print until September 1940. Authors who predated Asimov include Neil R Jones with his stories of the Zoromes and John Wyndham (under his real name of John Beynon Harris) with "The Lost Machine," but most influential was Eando Binder (Earl and Otto Binder, a brother team). They created Adam Link, a robot who is judged by humanity, but not found wanting. The stories of Adam Link appeared in Amazing Stories between January 1939 and April 1942. The first of ten stories was entitled "I, Robot," because the narrator of the piece is the robot itself. This was revolutionary. Nobody had ever told the story from the robot's point-of-view before. When the stories were collected in book form the title I, Robot (1965) was selected. This was also the name of Asimov's first robot collection (1950), with the Binders' permission.
The original Binder stories are more like episodes in a novel. (In fact, when it came time to collect them, the story titles were dropped and only chapter titles were given.) The first story, "I, Robot" ends with Adam Link in prison, waiting for his destruction. The second part, "The Trial of Adam Link," has Adam being represented in court by Dr. Link's nephew, Thomas. This story ends with the case lost and Adam's facing death again. The next story has reporter Jack Hall finding the people Adam saved from a fire (and a small child from a speeding car), who speak out and free him. It is these two stories that will form the television adaptations of the future. "Adam Link in Business" has the robot searching for some form of meaning and employment. Jack Hall is interested in Kay Temple, but she falls for the metal man. Adam is forced to leave so that Kay can fall in love with a human. The story leaves off as Link goes on a new journey. What will happen to him next? These cliffhanger endings worked well to force editors and readers to ask for the next portion of the tale. In consecutive episodes, Adam fell under the control of an evil scientist, created a metal mate named Eve, then became a detective to save her from the Black Fist Gang's frame-up, and he became an athletic champion to win over public opinion and the right to have American citizenship. He even fought for humanity against alien invaders. Not bad for a robot.
Asimov casts a big shadow, but SF fans still have a fondness for Binder's Adam Link. The stories were adapted into comics and television. First in 1955-56 with EC's Weird Science-Fantasy #27-29 (March/April 1955 through May/June 1956). Adapted by Al Feldstein and drawn by Joe Orlando, the last three issues of this title adapted "I, Robot," "The Trial of Adam Link," and "Adam Link in Business." Feldstein's adaptation simplified the stories a little, but otherwise were faithful. Joe Orlando's art was low-key by EC standards, drawing Adam with a pointed conical head.
"I, Robot," the original story, received two television adaptations, first by the original Outer Limits (November 7, 1964) and again in the new version of Outer Limits (July 23, 1995). The best thing about these two, very similar versions is that Leonard Nimoy was featured in both. In 1964 he played the journalist Jack Hall (renamed Judson Ellis) who acts as a kind of foil to the lawyer, Thurman Cutler (played by Howard Da Silva) who represents Adam Link and loses. In the 1964 episode, the lawyer is not the relative. That is the beautiful Marianna Hall as the professor's niece, Nina Link. In 1995, Nimoy got to play Cutler himself (and wins the case) with his son Adam Nimoy directing the episode. Cynthia Preston is the prof's daughter, Mina Link, now playing foil in place of the reporter.
The first television version may have sparked an interest in another comic version. More likely it was an adaptation of "Adam Link's Vengeance" in a fanzine, Fantasy Illustrated #2, adapted by Otto Binder and drawn by D Bruce Berry and Bill Spicer. This piece won the Alley Award for Best Fan Comic Strip of the Year. Binder was interested in adapting more of the Adam Link stories, but who would publish them? The unusual choice was James Warren's Creepy. Known for down-beat horror, the magazine in its early days was edited by Archie Goodwin and attracted the likes of Frank Frazetta, Gray Morrow, Reed Crandall and Steve Ditko. The new adaptation by Otto Binder would be drawn by Joe Orlando, the original artist of 1955!
As you'd expect, Binder's adaptation is accurate and he gets to tell five more episodes about Adam Link. Orlando's second time around as artist is interesting because rather than replicate what he did ten years earlier, he uses the black and white medium well with gray shades and a more realistic look. He drew Adam differently too, abandoning the conical head for a more human one. In the end, the Creepy adaptations were well done, but ended too soon when the Warren company fell on hard times. In the end they published "I, Robot" (Creepy #2, April 1965), "Trial of Adam Link" (Creepy #4, August 1965) "Adam Link in Business" (Creepy #6, December 1965) "Adam Link's Mate" (Creepy #8, April 1966) "Adam Link's Vengeance" (Creepy #9, June 1966) "Robot Detective" (Creepy #12, December 1966) "Adam Link, Gangbuster" (Creepy #13, February 1967), and "Adam Link, Champion Athlete" (Creepy #15 August 1967).
Except for the 1995 Outer Limits episode, Adam Link's career ended here. And it's not surprising. He had a lot more competition by 1967. Robots were appearing in all kinds of media from books like Philip K Dick's Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? to television with Lost in Space and Astro to films like Forbidden Planet to comics like The Metal Men. Likeable robots are here to stay and Earl and Otto Binder did their share to make them a permanent part of the science fiction fabric.
GW Thomas has appeared in over 400 different books, magazines and ezines including The Writer, Writer's Digest, Black October Magazine and Contact. His website is gwthomas.org. He is editor of Dark Worlds magazine.
Posted by Michael May at 6:00 AM
Labels: adam link, eando binder, earl binder, isaac asimov, leonard nimoy, otto binder, robots
Posthumous Collaboration: Dollars from the Grave [...
Back from C2E2
7 Days in May | Before Treasure Island
You Only Live Twice (1967) | Music
You Only Live Twice (1967) | Villains
You Only Live Twice (1967) Women
You Only Live Twice (1967) | Bond
You Only Live Twice (1967) | Story
Woe in Westeros: The Game of TV Thrones [Guest Pos...
Unused literary Bond scenes that need filming, Par...
Michael and Jason at C2E2
Kill All Monsters is coming to Dark Horse Comics!
7 Days in May | While We're Young Guns
Thunderball (1965) | Music
Thunderball (1965) | Villains
Thunderball (1965) | Women
Adam Link: The Autobiography of a Mechanical Man [...
Thunderball (1965) | Bond
Thunderball (1965) | Story
7 Days in May: Harry Potter and the Furious 7
Locked in Time: Time Machine Classics [Guest Post]...
7 Days in May: The Week in What I've Been Watching...
My Field Report for Artistic Licence Renewed
David the World-Builder


A couple big changes and announcements today. First, the most exciting! I have signed the lease on studio space in Mantorville, MN. Woot! This doesn't mean that I won't still prefer my first love, on-location shoots. It does mean I'll have more flexibility in the cold months. The studio will be ready for shooting in the next couple of months.
Next, I've been sticking to my guns on a more limited schedule this year, but as a result my schedule is filling up for the summer. I'm fully booked for June (except for newborns), and July and August are going fast.
Additionally, each session now includes a $20 print credit.
These session changes are effective immediately for all future *unbooked* sessions. If I already have you on the calendar, even pencilled in, you are under the old pricing structure. If you have any questions, please ask. This is new to me too!
And now for something pretty, a shot from a wedding last weekend in which I assisted the amazing Tiffany Brubaker Photography. I'll share more soon!
Out of the office ~ Happy Thanksgiving!


text:
<?php
	declare(strict_types=1);

	namespace Edde\Api\Crate;

	use Edde\Api\Schema\IProperty as ISchemaProperty;

	/**
	 * The physical value of the crate.
	 */
	interface IProperty {
		/**
		 * return schema definition of this property
		 *
		 * @return ISchemaProperty
		 */
		public function getSchemaProperty(): ISchemaProperty;

		/**
		 * set value to this property; the original value is preserved
		 *
		 * @param mixed $value
		 *
		 * @return IProperty
		 */
		public function set($value): IProperty;

		/**
		 * push value; the original value is set to this value and current value is nulled; value is NOT dirty after this
		 *
		 * @param mixed $value
		 *
		 * @return IProperty
		 */
		public function push($value): IProperty;

		/**
		 * retrieve current value or default; default value should be updated to the property
		 *
		 * @param mixed|null $default can be callback
		 *
		 * @return mixed
		 */
		public function get($default = null);

		/**
		 * return the original value
		 *
		 * @return mixed
		 */
		public function getValue();

		/**
		 * has been this value changed from the original one?
		 *
		 * @return bool
		 */
		public function isDirty(): bool;

		/**
		 * return true, when property is null (without applying filters)
		 *
		 * @return bool
		 */
		public function isEmpty(): bool;

		/**
		 * forgot current value
		 *
		 * @return IProperty
		 */
		public function reset(): IProperty;
	}


text:
Q: NDK Clang error: undefined reference to 'localeconv' I am trying to build C++ NDK lib inside Android Studio.I have an external lib called json and the Clang compiler faild on localeconv.

json.hpp:11867: error: undefined reference to 'localeconv'

The locale.h header exists and located inside ndk dir sysroot/usr/include.
My toolchain looks like this:
Gradle: (Showing only the part relevant to NDK)
 externalNativeBuild {
        cmake {

            arguments "-DANDROID_PLATFORM_LEVEL=${platformVersion}",
                    '-DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=clang', '-DANDROID_STL=gnustl_static'
        }

        ndk {
            abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a'

        }
    }

Cmake
 set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -std=gnu11 -Wall")
 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 -frtti  -fexceptions  -Wall")

  //'native-lib' is the final .so that's packaged into apk
       target_link_libraries(native-lib
                   OPENAL
                   FREETYPE
                   android
                    EGL
                    ${OPENGL_LIB}
                    log
                    m
                    z
                    atomic
                    gnustl_static
                    )

And here is the linker command line:

[1/1] Linking CXX shared library
  ........\build\intermediates\cmake\debug\obj\armeabi-v7a\libnative-lib.so
  FAILED: cmd.exe /C "cd . &&
  D:\Android\android-sdk\ndk-bundle\toolchains\llvm\prebuilt\windows-x86_64\bin\clang++.exe
  --target=armv7-none-linux-androideabi --gcc-toolchain=D:/Android/android-sdk/ndk-bundle/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/windows-x86_64
  --sysroot=D:/Android/android-sdk/ndk-bundle/sysroot -fPIC -isystem D:/Android/android-sdk/ndk-bundle/sysroot/usr/include/arm-linux-androideabi
  -D__ANDROID_API__=19 -g -DANDROID -ffunction-sections -funwind-tables -fstack-protector-strong -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=vfpv3-d16 -fno-integrated-as -mthumb -Wa,--noexecstack -Wformat -Werror=format-security   -std=c++11 -frtti  -fexceptions  -Wall -O0 -fno-limit-debug-info  -Wl,--exclude-libs,libgcc.a --sysroot D:/Android/android-sdk/ndk-bundle/platforms/android-19/arch-arm
  -Wl,--build-id -Wl,--warn-shared-textrel -Wl,--fatal-warnings -Wl,--fix-cortex-a8 -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Qunused-arguments -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -shared -Wl,-soname,libnative-lib.so

The complete error:

"D:/Android/android-sdk/ndk-bundle/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.9/libs/armeabi-v7a/libgnustl_static.a"
  && cd ." D:\XXXXX\XXXXXX\windows....\thirdparty\json/json.hpp:11867:
  error: undefined reference to 'localeconv' clang++.exe: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
  ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed. :app:externalNativeBuildDebug
  FAILED

The target SDK is 21.Minimum SDK is 19.NDK Version: 15.0.4075724
The same code base is compiled fine in Visual Studio Android project which uses the same toolchain.

A: The answer is - NDK version for SDK 19 doesn't implement the whole C++11 standard in the STL. locale.h  header has stubs for localeconv() method, but the library doesn't implement it.The closest Android SDK that implement  localeconv() is SDK 21.This is implicitly stated in the header <locale.h>
struct lconv* localeconv(void) __INTRODUCED_IN(21) __VERSIONER_NO_GUARD;

#if __ANDROID_API__ >= 21
locale_t duplocale(locale_t) __INTRODUCED_IN(21);
void freelocale(locale_t) __INTRODUCED_IN(21);
locale_t newlocale(int, const char*, locale_t) __INTRODUCED_IN(21);
#endif /* __ANDROID_API__ >= 21 */

char* setlocale(int, const char*);

#if __ANDROID_API__ >= 21
locale_t uselocale(locale_t) __INTRODUCED_IN(21);
#endif /* __ANDROID_API__ >= 21 */

#define LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE __BIONIC_CAST(reinterpret_cast, locale_t, -1L)

__END_DECLS

#endif /* _LOCALE_H_ */

A: For me, trying to use Lua 5.4.0, I have to define the API level to 21
Cmake file as:
set(ANDROID_NATIVE_API_LEVEL    21)

A: I had a similar problem, and unfortunaletly changing API level couldn't work for me --I was working with an old tablet which runs API16. You can try Crystax NDK or you can write an ugly function that mimics the localeconv(). The latter had solved my problem since I was building Lua for Android Terminal Emulator for hobby.


Maryland > Columbia > Business & Professional Services > Security Systems & Services > ADT Security Services, LLC.
ADT is a leading provider of security and automation solutions for homes and businesses in the United States and Canada, people on-the-go and their networks. Making security more accessible than ever before, and backed by 24/7 customer support, ADT is committed to providing superior customer service with a focus on speed and quality of responsiveness, helping customers feel more safe and empowered.