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Submitted By jug33
Connor Matuszewski
BUAD 417
Carrefour S.A Case
In 2002, Carrefour S.A. is the largest European retailer with total sales of 53.9 billion euros and retail outlets in 26 countries. To fund and maintain its "expansion trajectory", Carrefour needs to raise 750 million euros through taking on debt. The company has traditionally issued debt in euros, but is considering three other options to issue a 10-year Carrefour bond. The bond would be issued at par with four possible coupon rates: 5.25% in euros, 5.375% in British pounds, 3.625% in Swiss francs, or 5.5% in U.S. dollars. At first glance it might appear that issuing in Swiss francs is clear because of it has the lowest coupon rate, but Carrefour's investment banks have recommended borrowing in British pounds. This analysis will reevaluate the company's options. The initial criteria is calculate the fair forward rates of the currencies using the Implied Forward Rate: F(f.c./EUR) = (1+i(f.c.))N/(1+i(EUR))N*S(f.c./EUR)
In the formula, F(f.c./EUR) is the forward rate for N years, (1+i(f.c.))N will be the interbank interest rate for N years maturity of dollars, pounds, or francs, (1+i(EUR))N represents the interbank interest rate of euros with an N year maturity, and S(f.c./EUR) is the prevailing spot rate exchange rate. Using the interbank rates and cross exchange rates gives the implied forward rates for the next ten years:
With the implied forward rates, we can now calculate the cost of debt associated with issuing a 10 yr. bond in different currencies. The cost of debt in each currency is calculated by first converting 750 million euros to pounds, francs, and dollars. Coupon payments are calculated by multiplying by the respective coupon rate and respective implied forward rate for years 1 through 10. The…...
...International Borrowing at Carrefour S.A. Briefly discuss the background of Carrefour SA and its financing practices. What are the borrowing alternatives? Carrefour S.A. is operating as a chain of hypermarkets, combining a supermarket, drugstore, discount store and gas station. Carrefour is originating from France, however, during 40 years it has expanded its operations to ten other European countries, six South and North American countries and nine Asian countries. The largest sales and profits of the company come from operations in France. But only in 2001 sales coming from France were less than from foreign operations. Carrefour management had generally financed company growth through securities denominated in the currency of business operations. More than 90% of borrowings are in Euro, and the remaining 10% - in other currencies (US dollars, Argentine peso, Swiss franc, etc.). Foreign currency exposure was generally hedged through currency-forward contracts. Now Carrefour needs to borrow EUR 750 million. The Carrefour management has to decide in which currency the company should borrow, and if all of the borrowing should be via bond issue. Using the parity forward rates calculate the cost of borrowing in CHF, GBP and in USD. In order to identify the internal rate of return (IRR) for each of currency options, we have projected cash flows in each currency based on the respective coupon rate. In order to translate cash flows in euro and make them comparable, we......
Carrefour Mena
...failure of companies. Carrefour is a well-known brand throughout the world. This case study report offers an understanding of the Carrefour Middle East operations. The report begins with an introduction of the company and its brief history, followed by its organizational structure and business model. The subsequent section explains the logistical and cross-functional drivers and their role in the Carrefour supply chain design. It is followed by Carrefour's operational strategies in the Middle East and its value chain. Lastly, some of the existing supply chain challenges faced by the company in Middle East are explained followed by the roadmap ahead. Introduction Supply chain management is one of the key activities that determine the success of a company (Cambra and Polo, 2008; Quayle, 2003). Companies consider various key factors and practices while designing supply chain strategies. 1.1 Carrefour Company Background Carrefour was founded in 1959 on the basis of a collaboration between two budding entrepreneurs, Marciel Fourniel and Louis Defforey in Eastern France ( Carrefour History,2004). Carrefour was primarily geared towards being one of only a few free service supermarkets in France during this time due to the grocery store business being known as family run operations. In 1963, Carrefour invented a new concept : the hypermarket, and opened its first hypermarket location outside Paris which sold various food and non-food items (Carrefour Group History , 2013)...
... Ryan Ayre, CJ Peszneker FINC 480 10.3.13 Case Analysis: Carrefour S.A. Context and Key Issues This case, centered in 2002, involves Carrefour S.A., at the time, Europe's largest retailer. Leading up to 2002, Carrefour largely grew its business, including acquisitions, outside of its home country of France. At the time, Carrefour had retail operations in 26 different countries and funded any of its capital needs within these countries with the country's currency denomination. Confronting Carrefour is a decision brought to it by its investments banks, Morgan Stanley and UBS-Warburg of funding future capital needs by borrowing in British pounds which provided opportunity to benefit from pricing differences in currencies through the Eurobond market. The options presented to Carrefour for borrowing include: A 10-year bond, selling at par with a coupon rate of 5.25 Euros A 10-year bond, selling at par with a coupon rate of 5.375 British pounds A 10-year bond, selling at par with a coupon rate of 3.625 Swiss francs A 10-year bond selling at par with a coupon rate of 5.50 U.S. dollars Background Carrefour was started in 1963 under the hypermarket concept which included a drugstore, gas station, supermarket and discount store all in one building. There initial store in Sainte-Genevieve-des-bois encompassed 2,500 square meters of retail space and 400 parking spots. With this revolutionary retail concept, Carrefour expanded rapidly into Belgium (1969), Brazil (1975). Included in......
Carrefour S.A.
...Carrefour S.A. is a large multinational corporation that aims to issue EUR 750 million worth of debt. Consequently, Carrefour must decide the market in which it wants to place its bonds. The company had historically financed growth using securities denominated in the currency of its business operations. However, Carrefour's investment banks, Morgan Stanley and UBS-Warburg, recently recommended borrowing in British pounds sterling to take advantage of a borrowing opportunity in that currency. This recommendation seems counter-intuitive prima facie, given that the British coupon rate is higher than those in all the other currencies, particularly the Swiss franc. Nevertheless, there are several reasons why investing in the British pound is a good idea. While the nominal interest rate of the Swiss franc is lower than that of the British pound, the real interest rate of the British pound is lower because of the relatively higher inflation rate in the U.K. Moreover, the exchange rate for GBP/EUR (.628) appears more favorable than the exchange rate of CHF/EUR (1.453). In addition, we can calculate the implied forward rates to further help us with our decision. We can use the formula F (f.c./EUR) = (1+i(f.c.))N/(1+i(EUR))N*S(f.c./EUR) to find the implied 10 year forward rates: The low forward rates for GBP/EUR suggest that borrowing in British pounds is a wise choice. Next, we must use the implied forward rates to calculate the cash flows for each currency (in......
Carrefour Case
...Introduction Carrefour S.A. (Carrefour) is a retail corporation located in France. Carrefour is Europe's largest retailer, with 5,200 stores and revenues of €53.9 billion. Over the last four years they have been growing thru acquisitions, mostly outside of France. Company History Carrefour is responsible for introducing the hypermarket to Europe in 1963. A hypermarket is a mega-store, similar to that of a Wal-Mart. They started in small French towns, but by 1969 expanded to Belgium. In 1975, they opened their first store outside of the European continent, they had expanded to South America's largest country, Brazil. Carrefour's strategy until 1998 was to grow organically. But since 1998, its growth has been fueled by acquisitions of other retailers. Carrefour's Financing Policy Analysis The risk that a business' operations or an investment's value will be affected by changes in exchange rates. Carrefour is exposed to exchange rate risk because of foreign-currency exposure from imported goods. This risk was being hedged through forward contracts. The €13.5 billion of debt on the Carrefour books is 97% hedged in Euro currency. Carrefour has a large exposure risk to the Euro because of their hedging policy. Questions from the Book 1. What is going on at carrefour? • Carrefour is expanding through acquisitions o This will require taking on debt • Current capital structure o Long-term debt ...
...CARREFOUR S.A. Synopsis and Objectives In August 2002, the French retail giant Carrefour S.A. is considering alternative currencies for raising (euros) EUR750 million in the eurobond market. Carrefour's investment bankers provide various borrowing rates across four different currencies. Despite the high nominal coupon rate and the lack of any material business activity in the United Kingdom, the British-pound issue appears to provide the lowest cost of funds if the exchange rate risk is hedged. The case is designed to serve as an introduction to topics in international finance. Topics of discussion include foreign-currency borrowing, interest-rate parity, currency risk exposure, derivative contracts (in particular forward and swap contracts), and currency risk management. Students are tasked with exploring (1) motives for borrowing in foreign currencies, (2) the exposure created by such financing policy, and (3) strategies for managing currency risk. Suggested Questions for Advance Assignment to Students 1. Why should Carrefour consider borrowing in a currency other than euros? 2. Assuming the bonds are issued at par, what is the cost in euros of each of the bond alternatives? 3. Which debt issue would you recommend and why? Hypothetical Teaching Plan 1. What is going on at Carrefour? 2. Is the Swiss-franc issue, at 3⅝%, a "no-brainer"? 3. What can a firm do to manage the exchange-rate......
Carrefour China
...Chinese 's economy can have an impact on consumer behavior based on their economic factors. If their economy is strong,consumers will have more money and power to purchase goods and products. In a contrast, struggling economy will create a problem such as unemployment, and people may lose their consumer confidence. Also, price inflation due to the economy is also damaging the company. With price inflation, the input cost increases and hurts the consumers. On a store level, Carrefour has an especially loose franchise structure, where owners rely on sales commissions and entrance fees for profits. Legal issue - ( no idea wa) Anti boycott laws. Government might ask other countries who want to do business with them to join this boycott by stopping any deals they do with the enemy. The boycott was mainly happening because the company supports the pro-Tibetan independence groups seeking to disrupt the Beijing Olympics. The Chinese were urged through text messages and online chat rooms not to buy goods from Carrefour outlets from May 1, with posts accusing the company of supporting funding for the Dalai Lama. Partnership topic - ?????...
Carrefour S.a
...Carrefour S.A. In the summer of 2002,with total sales of (euro) EUR53.9 billion from more than 5,200 stores, Carrefour S.A. was Europe's largest retailer. Over the past four years, Carrefour's growth had occurred almost entirely outside France and included several large acquisitions. In the past, Carrefour management had generally financed company growth through securities denominated in the currency of business operations. Its investment banks, Morgan Stanley and UBS-Warburg, however, had recently suggested that Carrefour consider borrowing in British pounds sterling in order to take advantage of a borrowing opportunity in that currency.With a debt-financing requirement of EUR750 million, the bond issue would be one of Carrefour's largest. Now, in August 2002, the investment bankers expected that the 10-years Carrefour bonds would be priced at a coupon rate of 5 ¼ in euros , 5 3/8 in British pounds, 3 5/8 in Swiss francs, or 5 ½ in U.S. dollars. Carrefour In 1963, Carrefour altered the world of retailing with the introduction of the "hyper-market" concept in the small French town of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois, southeast of Paris. This format combined a supermarket , drugstore, discount store ,and gas station into one massive, one-stop-shopping megastore. The original store had 2,500 square meters of retail space, 12 checkouts, and 400 parking spaces. The company expanded rapidly in France and beyond, opening its first store outside France (Belgium) in 1969, and......
Carrefour Swot
...AND MANAGEMENT Fages Gaspard Introduction of the company * Main address: Carrefour S.A., BP 419-16, 75769 Paris Cédex1 * 6 Avenue Raymond Poincaré, Paris 75116, France * Tel: +33 1 53 70 19 00 Fax: +33 1 53 70 86 16 Website: www.carrefour.com * Carrefour is the world's second largest retailer in terms of sales. * Truly global player with operations in over 35 countries. * Major formats are hypermarkets, supermarkets and discount stores. * Well known for entering and adapting to emerging markets. * Group turnover (2012): EUR 85.96 billion * Total number of stores (including franchises): 15,673 Carrefour SA was first listed on the French stock market in 1970. First opening stores in France during the 1960s, Carrefour went on to open the first hypermarkets in France and Europe. First started expanding into the rest of Europe in the early 1970s and 1970At the same time the ED discount format was introduced. The Carrefour own-label was introduced in 1985. The first non-European store was opened in Brazil in 1975. Carrefour's firs Asian store opened in Taiwan in 1989. Carrefour announced its intention to merge with Promodès at the end of August 1999 with the merger approved in January 2000. The Carrefour name was retained with the majority of Promodès stores rebranded. The merger pushes Carrefour to second place in global retailing. Carrefour operates a diverse portfolio of formats, including hypermarkets, supermarkets,......
Caso Carrefour
...Carrefour, S.A. Background: Carrefour started in 1960 with a single supermarket discount store which provided a one stop self service shopping to the customers. It opened its first hypermarket, selling both food and non food products in 1963.As this store proved popular with consumers Carrefour expanded rapidly with 50 % sales and asset growth rate. Non food items contributed 40 % of the sales. By mid 1972 it had opened 16 stores and was now facing major decisions regarding its future growth. Carrefour Strategy For consumers Carrefour offered lower price by maintaining average gross margin of 15% in comparison to competition's 20 to 25 % margin. It provided consumers with the convenience of one stop shop with both food and non food items. At many stores it also opened discount petrol pumps as well. Carrefour constructed its stores inexpensively outside the city, near highways where the land cost is low and consumers can have easy access to the store. Thus the cost of the Carrefour store was 1/3rd of the traditional supermarkets. Decentralized management was implemented in which the store manager had full operating freedom. It allowed each store to quickly respond to the issues as a well as opportunities. Carrefour had opened 16 own stores, invested in 5 joint ventures and had 7 franchise stores by 1971. The above five factors contributed to the huge success of the Carrefour. Its sales grew by 50 % per year from 1965 to 1971. Financing Strategy and......
...should Mr. Duarant assess the opportunity in various countries around the world? Answer: Carrefour is the world largest hypermarket in terms of size, 2nd largest in terms of revenue and 3rd largest in terms of profit. It is the Wal-Marts biggest global competitor and has around 495,000 employees. But Carrefour is preparing for a global expansion and also for strengthening their current markets. However, different market has different levels of opportunities for Carrefour. So, Mr. Duarant, CEO of Carrefour, needs to properly assess what kind of opportunity is waiting for them in different countries. There are several factors that need to be judged for assessing opportunities in various countries. First of all, consider the quantitative factors, factors that can be measured in numerical terms. Carrefour is operating business in China and wants to enter in Indian market. China has a population of 1324.6 million and India 1139.9 million, which are very close. But both are bigger than all of the European markets. That's why, these markets offer Carrefour more sales volumes that means profit, which is an opportunity for them. Another important factor to consider is qualitative factors, factors that are difficult to measure in numerical terms; examples of these factors are the political environment of a country, geographic location, product preference of the people etc. So, for Carrefour Western European, South American and Asia Pacific countries are more preferable......
Carrefour Misadvenure
...George Jones December 7th, 2015 Carrefour's Misadventure in Russia In 1960, Marcel Fournier and Louis Defforey founded Carrefour. They opened their first store in 1963 and was a big hit due to its lower prices compared to its competition. The store had various items such as self-service grocery, clothing, sports equipment, electronics, and even auto accessories. The size of the store (2,500 square meters) earned it the name "hypermarket". Carrefour set out to become one of the top three players in every international market they operated in. Carrefour is branched all over the world in Europe, Middle East, Asia, and Latin America. As I analyze this case before wondering about Carrefour's demise in Russia, I understand why they were attracted to Russia. With such a large population, it would appear that Russia would offer a great consumer economy. Russia has low unemployment, a high level of consumption, great availability for top resources, and a strong current account with minimal public debt. This makes Russia very attractive on paper, but you must also be aware of the cons before making such a leap. There's a lot of competition, slowing economic growth, high inflation, complicated legislative, and a declining industrial output. To sum it up, Russia was a massive headache for Carrefour. A lot of time and effort went into the smallest of tasks in Russia due to the existing level of bureaucracy that took place in Russia. Russia rejected Carrefour's bid to purchase......
Carrefour Marketing Plan in Cyprus
...Marketing FoundationMKT 2222	| Group Project: Carrefour	| April 4th 2008	| | Group Members & Student Numbers:Fikri Fikrioglu – M00013290Mohammed Moin – M00074462Christos Andreou – M00022720Seminar Tutor: Paul GarneauSeminar Number: Seminar S03	| Table of ContentsBackground Information and Company Description of Carrefour 2The Marketing Environment 5SWOT Analysis 10 Consumer Decision Making Process 16Market Segmentation 20Positioning of the Company 22The Marketing Mix 23The Competitive Situation of the Company 26Primary Data Collection & Evaluation 30Conclusion 40Bibliography & References ...
Carrefour Stores
...CARREFOUR STORES * The Carrefour supermarket company is set up by the Fournier, Badin and Defforey families who run a discount supermarket in Annecy. * Hypermarkets, supermarkets, convenience stores, cash & carry e-commerce. * Carrefour has all the resources to cater to the different needs of its customers – whether they live in an urban or rural environment, whether they be private or professional clients, in France or abroad. * In every store format, with different banners, the Group develops attractive, modern and inviting stores. Carrefour teams join forces to increase the competitive advantage of its multiformat approach. During 2015, this investment, carefully tailored and constantly. * More than 12,200 stores in over 30 countries, the Group offers its customers a wide array of formats and banners for every shopping pattern – daily purchases in local stores or weekly trips to the hypermarket – that meet the needs of the diverse clientele, from business customers purchasing wholesale supplies, to family shopping trips. THE 10 PRINCIPLES OF THE CARREFOUR CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT – 1. Strictly respect the law 2. Contribute to a safe and healthy working environment 3. Commit to diversity and good working conditions 4. Protect the Group's assets and resources 5. Guarantee confidentiality 6. Avoid conflicts of interest 7. Refuse all forms of corruption 8. Develop loyal and transparent business practices ...
...BACKGROUND Carrefour has first introduced the concept of hypermarket in the small French town of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois in 1963. It is an all in one shopping store that combines the supermarket, drugstore, discount store, and gas station. In the retail industry, where the competition is tough, it is only normal to see mergers and acquisitions between big companies and small-time businesses. The most notable mergers are with Euromarche and Montlaur in 1991. After three years, the company expanded rapidly in France. The first store outside France was in Belgium and Brazil in 1969 and 1975. And as time goes by, they also expanded in Asia and Latin America through acquisition and merger. Carrefour was the largest retailer in France, Belgium, Greece, and Spain. In 2001, the company's total profit was EUR2.8 billion. The composition of this are 5 percent is originated from Asia, 2 percent is from Latin America, 26 percent originated in Europe outside France, and the rest is coming from France. The net sales of the company EUR69.5 billion came from Asia (7 percent), Latin America (12 percent), Europe outside France (32 percent) and France (49 percent). This was the first year that the total sales from outside France exceed the total sales coming from France. In 2002, Morgan Stanley and UBS-Warburg suggested that Carrefour should consider borrowing British pounds sterling in order to take advantage of a borrowing opportunity in that currency. Carrefour would issue......
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Talia S. da Silva presented a paper on physical modelling of geosynthetic reinforced soils spanning voids, and won the student award competition at EuroGeo 6. This paper presented an experimental study to investigate the effects of geosynthetics for mitigation of sinkholes and voids under civil infrastructure. When the geosynthetic deflects into the void, the load is transferred across the void by two mechanisms: active arching in the soils and reduction of load acting on the geosynthetic due to bending, and mobilization of a portion of the geosynthetic strength due to stretching. Centrifuging modelling tests were conducted to investigate the arching and deformation response within the granular soil when the void forms underneath for both reinforced and unreinforced cases with soil overburden height (H) to void width (B) ratio, H/B, of 1 (low overburden) and 3 (high overburden). The deformations were measured using the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) analysis. Results indicated that a wider parabolic soil arch occurred for the reinforced case, while a triangular zone for the unreinforced case. The shape of the deflected geosynthetic shows that the load carried by the geosynthetic when spanning a void is independent of the soil overburden height. The pressure is not uniformly distributed and is greater close to the supports than the center, which indicates that a uniform pressure distribution assumed in the current design method may results in a higher required tensile strength of the geosynthetics.


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One of the highlights of this year's Christmas TV schedules is the new BBC1 adaptation. Drama channel is showing a day of whodunits based on Agatha Christie stories, including Margaret Rutherford.
More than 40 years after her death, Agatha Christie is having a moment. It works as a stand-alone episode while also reinforcing the relationships between the series' regulars. Miss Jane Marple, an.
We've had the disappearance rendered as sci-fi: in a 2008 episode of Doctor Who, Agatha. and Miss Marple, the elderly spinster with her kindly china blue eyes. Imagine if those two iconic.
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Watching is The New York Times's TV and film recommendation website. Sign up for our thrice-weekly newsletter here. More than 40 years after her death, Agatha Christie. Rutherford as Christie's.
Step Into Reading Books Guided Reading Levels But after speaking with Shapiro and reading his book, I saw how this is a mistake. the type in which a player is free to roam a virtual world instead progressing from level to level. Sure, there is. If you've already done steps 1-4, the function of your hormones should have improved and your energy
Ms Hannah, I am glad to have someone re-awaking the characters – I have read dozens and dozens of Christie. My all time favourite TV show was Colombo. An amazing series! I would love you dabbling.
A rash of poison-pen letters sets neighbor against neighbor in the two-part "Agatha Christie's `Miss Marple: The Moving Finger'." In Part 1, the vicar's wife (Dilys Hamlett) calls on her friend Jane.
D: Mystery/Detective Television Series. The D.A.'s Man 3 Jan 1959-29 Aug 1959 (NBC/Universal); 26 30-minute episodes; black and white; Ex-Private Eye Shannon is hired by the New York City District Attorney to work undercover. He succesfully penetrated the Mob, obtaining key evidence about drug-pushing and prostitution, and kept in contact with the D.A.'s office through First Assistant D.A. Al.
The family moved into a larger home and named it Styles after her first book. The Christie family seemed to have it all- but Archie was getting a bit more than his fair share: he had fallen in love with another woman.This news, along with Agatha's mother's death, sent the couple down a slippery slope and led up to what was possibly the greatest mystery in Agatha's own life (aside from.
Agatha Christie's Marple 1 episode Agatha Christie's crime thrillers featuring the author's spinster sleuth Miss Jane Marple.
Cleaning Up Series 1 – Episode 6 With Swanny on her back desperate for his money, Sam's world falls apart when her landlady returns with some devastating news.
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1933. Hercule Poirot, older and greyer, receives letters threatening murder. The sender signs themselves only as "A.B.C." When he takes the letters to the police looking for help, Hercule finds all his old friends have moved on. But soon there is a murder and the once-great.
Los Angeles: British novelist Agatha Christie's Miss Marple stories will be adapted into South Korean television series. South Korea's Good Production Co. has signed a deal with Agatha Christie Ltd.
How would Miss Marple have knowledge. out shared love of crime books and TV, so I can't think of a better subject for her to bring all of her amazing forensic knowledge to." Valentine added:.
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Agatha Christie's wily sleuth tackles another mystery. While staying with a recently widowed friend, Miss Marple makes the acquaintance of charming young drifter Mike Rogers. Greenshaw's Folly Season.
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not counting the various TV series featuring perennial favourites Miss Marple and Poirot. But what is it about Agatha's work that is so eminently adaptable? Mark Aldridge is the author of Agatha.
Keeping Up Appearances Stage Show What is it? The closing number of the 2011 Tony Awards, a patter verse written by Lin with the help of Tommy Kail which recapped the events of the ceremony itself. The legendary British actress is best known for her role as Hyacinth Bucket But Patricia Routledge is also an established and award-winning stage and
Agatha Christie had to endure such criminally bad adaptations. The adaptation of Endless Night, broadcast in December 2013, is a case in point. At the end of the episode, Miss Marple (Julia.
Sound familiar? Well, the woman is not Miss Marple but her creator, Agatha Christie. 'It's a made-up story based on a period in Agatha's life in her 30s,' says Humans star Ruth Bradley, who plays the.
When a desperate young mother awakens Miss Marple in the middle of the night, the detective helps her and her son find refuge at a nearby country house. As bodies start piling up, it turns out the.
British novelist Agatha Christie's Miss Marple stories will be adapted into South Korean television series. South Korea's Good Production Co. Has signed a deal with Agatha Christie Ltd (ACL) to bring.
Agatha Christie's Marple is a British ITV television series based on the Miss Marple and other murder mystery novels by Agatha Christie.It is also known as Marple.The title character was played by Geraldine McEwan from the first to third series, until her retirement from the role. She was replaced by Julia McKenzie from the fourth series onwards. The first six episodes were all adaptations of.
Agatha Christie's Marple (or simply Marple) is a British ITV television series loosely based on the books and short stories by British crime novelist Agatha Christie.The title character was played by Geraldine McEwan from the first to third series, until her retirement from the role, and by Julia McKenzie from the fourth series onwards. Following the conclusion of the sixth series, it was.
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On Saturday there's a unique opportunity to glimpse deep into. Miss Marple but even with a never-ending stream of actresses ready to play the part, those stories have run out as well. So, after all.
Good Production will create a contemporary adaptation of the iconic elderly sleuth titled 'Miss Ma.' South Korea's Good Production Co. has signed a deal to create a contemporary adaptation of Agatha.
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Top financial tips for people with dementia mark start of partnership between Lloyds Banking Group and Alzheimer's Society
9 Mar 2013 09:25 GMT
Lloyds Banking Group has today (Saturday 9 March) launched a set of money
management tips for people with dementia and their carers to kick-start their two year
charity partnership with Alzheimer's Society and Alzheimer Scotland.
The two charities and Lloyds Banking Group plan to tackle some of the problems
faced by people with dementia and their carers when dealing with personal finances,
exploring ways to make the banking sector more 'dementia friendly'. This builds on
work that Lloyds Banking Group has already been doing as part of the 'Dementia
Friendly Communities Champion Group', led by Alzheimer's Society and set up in
March 2012 as a result of the Prime Minister's Challenge on Dementia.
The initiative complements the Group's Money for Life financial education programme
that is designed to support communities with money management,
including training thousands of organisations to deliver face-to-face support to
vulnerable groups.
Today's launch of the top tips is a first step by the partners to encourage people
living with dementia, their family members and carers to think about what they need
to do to future-proof the management of their finances. The top tips include
information from arranging a power of attorney and applying for the correct benefits,
to organising bank accounts.
Angela Rippon, co-chair of the Dementia Friendly Communities Champion group and
Alzheimer's Society ambassador said:
'Dealing with finances when you are living with dementia can be a minefield. People
in the early stages of the condition often feel locked out of the system, with all the
many passwords and personal details they are expected to remember.'
'When a carer takes over, the pressure of getting to grips with power of attorney and
trying to make decisions in the best interests of a loved one can be very stressful.
These top tips from Lloyds Banking Group and Alzheimer's Society's Live Well
partnership are a great guide to help navigate what can be a really tricky time.'
Over the course of the partnership Lloyds Banking Group hope to raise at least
£2million to fund 'Live Well' – Alzheimer's Society's first UK-wide support programme
for people with dementia and their carers. This pioneering campaign will provide life-
changing guidance covering topics such as coping with challenging behaviour,
communication and legal and financial information.
Graham Lindsay, Responsible Business Director at Lloyds Banking Group said:
'With 44 per cent of people in the UK connected to someone living with dementia, we
know that many of our colleagues and customers will be affected by the condition at
some point in their lives.'
'By funding the 'Live Well' programme, we hope to educate people in how to deal
with dementia and live the best possible quality of life. Today's launch of our top tips
will serve as a valuable guide on how to plan finances when dealing with condition.
We look forward to working on other similar initiatives as our partnership progresses
and will ensure that our work in financial education through the Money for Life
Programme will be extended to help those living with dementia.'
Liz Monks, Director of Fundraising at Alzheimer's Society said:
'Coping with a diagnosis of dementia is a lot to take in, but it's really important to start planning your future as well as thinking about your immediate needs. The top tips will help people do just that.'
'We are thrilled to be partnered with Lloyds Banking Group for the next two years.
The money raised will enable us to improve the lives of thousands of people with
dementia and carers across the country.'
The Live Well financial top tips for people with dementia and their carers
(www.alzheimers.org.uk/)
Top tips for managing money if you are living with dementia
1. Discuss money management with your family – Money can be a difficult
subject to talk about but it's important you plan how you want your finances to
be managed if you became unable to look after it yourself.
2. Make sure that all important papers are in order and that you know where to
find them. These might include bank statements, mortgage documents,
insurance policies, a will, tax and pension details and bills or guarantees.
3. If you have financial assets, such as property or savings, you can set up a
trust. This ensures that the assets are managed in a way that you choose,
both now and in the future. There are a number of different kinds of trusts and
ways of arranging them.
4. Set up a lasting power of attorney (LPA). This enables you to choose
someone you trust to make decisions on your behalf about things such as
paying bills and collecting income when you no longer want to make those
decisions. It's important you set up an LPA early so that you can give your full
and informed consent.
5. Speak to the local bank manager. The discussion can look at extra support
that may be available as your condition progresses and ways of managing
money e.g. using a signature card instead of a PIN number.
Top tips for carers managing the money of a person with dementia
1. Make sure your loved one is receiving all the benefits to which they are
entitled. Contact your local office of the Department for Work and Pensions or
Citizens Advice Bureau to find out exactly what should be being received. As
a carer, you may also be entitled to benefits such as Carer's allowance.
2. For some, a joint account may be a useful way of managing finances in the
early stages of dementia. However, most joint bank accounts are set up to
operate only when both parties have capacity to use it. If a bank knows that
someone is acting as a lasting power of attorney, they will usually want a
separate bank account for that person.
3. Separating your account when it comes to paying for care it is also advisable.
This is because a local authority ought to be means testing the person who is
in receipt of the service (e.g. home care or residential care), and no one else.
4. Protect your loved one's finances by stopping junk mail and unwanted
telephone calls by signing up to the Mailing and Telephone Preference
Services. Put a 'no cold callers' sign on the door. These can be obtained from
the local trading standards department and will help prevent door-to-door
salesmen from visiting.
5. Speak to Alzheimer's Society about attending the Lloyds Banking Group
funded Live Well programme. The programme educates carers and people
with dementia about how to deal with everyday life and how to plan for the
future, including advice related to money management and finances.
Money management:
Further top tips for managing your finances through a range of life events - including
bereavement and retirement can be found on the Money for Life website at
www.moneyforlifeprogramme.org.uk/moneymanagement


text:
Longsworth and Sterling Distinguished as Women Worth Watching by Profiles in Diversity Journal
Washington D.C. (October 3, 2019) - Sterne, Kessler, Goldstein & Fox is pleased to announce that Directors Gaby L. Longsworth, Ph.D. and Deborah Sterling, Ph.D. have been recognized in the 18th anniversary edition of "Women Worth Watching®" by Profiles in Diversity Journal.
The editor notes that the publication is focused on celebrating 166 accomplished women across a wide range of industries who "share their views on numerous topics dealing with the workplace – their individual experiences and prevailing wisdom."
In Longsworth's profile she shares how she did not allow bias to push her off her path. "In my experience, as a woman of color in the legal profession, the key is to go beyond the initial (somewhat) awkward moments, finding something you have in common with a colleague or a potential new client, and build on that," she said.
In the profile of Sterling, she declares that she owns her "inner badass." "By realizing that most of the time nobody else knows what they are doing either, and getting the courage to grab those new experiences, chase those new clients, take that new leadership role, and look like you're a badass doing it (even if you think you are winging it), the leap gets a little easier," Sterling said.
Launched in 2002, the "Women Worth Watching®" program aims to recognize the change makers and leaders who have recorded outstanding achievements throughout their careers. Award recipients are selected following nominations made by their employers, colleagues, peers, and mentors. They are featured in Profiles in Diversity Journal and receive an award trophy.
The full publication of the 18th anniversary edition can be found here. Longsworth and Sterling's full profiles can be found on page 73 and page 76, respectively.
Gaby L. Longsworth, Ph.D.
Deborah Sterling, Ph.D.


text:
In the Canadian town of Oakville, Ontario, on 28 February 1930, 75 members of the Ku Klux Klan attempted to prevent the marriage of a white woman, Isabella Jones, to Ira Junius Johnson, a man presumed to be Black.

After burning a cross in the middle of a street in Oakville, the Klansmen searched for Johnson and Jones; they abducted Jones and threatened Johnson.  Newspapers were sympathetic to the Klan at first, but the efforts of the Black community in Toronto turned public opinion against them; Johnson told the press that he was not Black, but of mixed White and Cherokee descent.  Three Klansmen were brought to court.  At first, only one was found guilty and fined $50; when he appealed, the court gave him a three-month sentence.  Johnson and Jones married a month after the incident.

Background

Ira Junius Johnson's paternal grandfather George Branson Johnson was a free Black man from Maryland who migrated with his family of eleven children (including Ira Junius's father) to the Province of Canada in the 1860s, where they settled in Oakville.  They may have used the Underground Railroad to get there.  Johnson's maternal grandfather Junius B. Roberts was from Indiana and served in the African-American 28th Indiana Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War.  He later migrated to Canada and served as a minister in Guelph, Oakville, and Hamilton for the British Methodist Episcopal Church.  His wife Francis had Johnson's mother Ida in 1870.  The Johnsons were members of the Church Roberts served in Oakville.  Ida and John wed on 27 September 1887; John worked as a weaver, and Ida as a midwife.  They had three children, of whom the second, Ira Junius Johnson, was born 30 April 1893.  After the death of Junius, Francis moved in with Ida and John.

Johnson grew up in Oakville, and the community accepted him as Black; he later asserted he was half White and half Cherokee.  Despite a weak economy, he found work as a tanner at Oakville's largest factory.  In 1916 he enlisted for service in the First World War.  He was sent to the front in November as a member of the 9th Canadian Machine Gun Company during the Battle of Passchendaele.  He was one of about  Black Canadians who were accepted into non-segregated sections of the Canadian military—officers were free to turn them down, and most did.  Johnson participated in the Hundred Days Offensive that closed the war in 1918, during which he suffered a shrapnel wound that permanently injured his leg.  He returned to Canada in May 1919 and was discharged that July.

Johnson returned to Oakville to live with his parents.  He trained and found work as a motor mechanic, but was laid off after five years.  Thereafter he did casual work for building contractors.  By 1930, Johnson was working as a labourer and was living with a white girl, Isabella Jones;  They intended to marry on 2 March, but Jones's mother Annie objected to the interracial pairing.

Oakville lies on Lake Ontario between Toronto and Hamilton.  It developed in the late 19th century as a resort town for affluent southwestern Ontarians.  Oakville suffered unemployment after the Wall Street Crash of 1929; in 1930 its population was about , overwhelming of British Isles-descent.  Census figures are not available for the Black population, though the mayor of Oakville J. B. Moat told the press at the time the "coloured" population had recently decreased, and stood at "not more than forty with women and children".

Unlike in the United States with its Jim Crow and Anti-miscegenation laws, Canadian law did not bar those of different ethnicities from socializing or marrying; social pressures nonetheless made inter-ethnic associations difficult.  The Ku Klux Klan had established itself in Canada, but had far less widespread membership and influence than it had in the United States.  There were no anti-discrimination or anti-hate speech laws in effect in Canada as of 1930.

Incident

On the afternoon of 28 February 1930, Jones and Johnson went to New Toronto to get a marriage license.  About 22:00 that evening 75 members of the Ku Klux Klan from Hamilton gathered in Oakville.  They marched through the town at night, wakening hundreds of residents and were dressed in white gowns and hoods.  They placed a cross in the middle of the road and set it on fire.  When the cross had burned out, they sought the police chief, David Kerr, to communicate their intentions; as the hour was late, he was not at the police station.  The Klansmen then looked for Jones and Johnson, and tracked them to the home of Johnson's aunt Viola Sault; the couple were playing cards with members of Johnson's family.

The Klansmen kidnapped Jones and took her at a Salvation Army location, where they watched over her from a car parked outside.  Against his protests they placed Johnson in another car, surrounded by two guards, and burned a cross in front of the home.  When the cross had finished burning, a representative of the Klan knocked on the door and informed Johnson's mother that if Johnson were "ever seen walking down the street with a white girl again the Klan would attend to him".  They left Jones with Salvation Army Captain W. Broome and returned to Hamilton.

Reactions

The press took a favourable view of the incident and the conduct of the Klansmen.  Police Chief Kerr noted that, when they removed their hoods, he recognized many of them as prominent Hamiltonian businessmen.  The press quoted the mayor of Oakville J. B. Moat as having stated:

 "There was a strong feeling against the marriage which the young girl and the negro had planned.  Personally I think the Ku Klux Klan acted quite properly in the matter.  It will be an object lesson."

Of the few newspapers that objected to the Klansmen's actions, The Globe stated that if they "believe ... their objectives are worthy ... they will stand for open discussion in daylight; they should not call for nocturnal visits and disguising costumes".  Nevertheless, The Globe stated the Klan's goal "may be commendable in itself and prove a benefit", and criticized only the methods it used.  The Klan sent letters rebuttal to the newspaper, defending its actions "on the ground of racial purity", and asserted they acted on the request of Jones's mother.  They said she had appealed to the authorities, who denied her assistance as her daughter was over the age of majority.  The "frantic" mother then resorted to calling the Klan and told them her daughter "was being detained by a negro".  After detaining her, the Klan insisted she had changed her mind about the marriage and promised "never again [to] associate with a coloured man".  The Klan took pains to disassociate itself from its counterpart in the United States by asserting its British character, and insisted it was not "opposed to the coloured people, provided they are true British subjects".

Members of Toronto's Black community moved to have the government deal with the Klan and its actions.  Lawyers E. Lionel Cross and B. J. Spencer Pitt and Reverend H. Lawrence McNeil of the First Baptist Church of Toronto pressured Attorney General of Ontario William Herbert Price to launch a full investigation; Price had long had concerns over the Klan and had Kerr and Crown attorney William Inglis Dick to produce a full report.  Toronto's Jewish community, Labour supporters, and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom gave their support to the cause.  Protesters gathered at the University Avenue First Baptist Church on 4 March.

Johnson invited reporters from the Toronto Star and told them he was not Black, but half White and half Cherokee.  The newspaper printed his assertion on the front page of its 5 March edition under the title "Is of Indian Descent Ira Johnson Insists: Oakville man, Separated from His Sweetheart, Traces His Ancestry".  The article opened:

 "Ira Junius Johnson, separated from his sweetheart,  by Ku Klux Klansmen here last Friday, is of Indian descent and has not a drop of Negro blood in his veins, he told the Star yesterday at the home of his mother, who is a refined and intelligent woman."

Letters unfavourable to the Klan flooded into the newspapers; articles and editorials began to paint him in a favourable light and emphasized his war record.  Moat retracted his comment and asserted he had been misquoted.  Jones's mother insisted she did not oppose the marriage over Johnson's ethnicity, but because she thought he was too lazy to "get a job and make a man out of himself".

Trials

Under pressure from Toronto's Black community, the police pursued a case against the Klansmen.  On 7 March they tracked down several members via license plates and the post-office box on a letter the Klan sent to The Globe.  Dick issued summonses to four men: William A. Phillips, a chiropractor; Ernest Taylor, a police interpreter and minister at the Hamilton Presbyterian Church; Harold C. Orme, a chiropractic assistant; and a William Mahony.  They were charged with being "disguised by night", a burglary-related charge that carried up to a five-year sentence.  Cross objected to such a light charge, arguing they were liable for "charges of abduction, trespess, violence", and numerous other offenses.

At the trial, they pleaded "not guilty".  The first witness, Police Chief Kerr, related that he had gone to investigate the cross-burning and shook hands with the defendants, who unmasked themselves and whom he said he knew "quite well"; he exhibited a white gown he had found at the site.  He was questioned about Johnson's race and reputation and replied he was "coloured" and "unsavoury", though he had "never been in police court".  Jones testified that she felt she had to get into the car with the men as "there were so many of them"; she could not recognize the accused as the men had been hooded.  Phillips rejected the accusation that the Klan robes and hoods were a disguise and insisted they were "part of the traditional garb of the order" he belonged to.

The defense attorney painted the Klan as having acted for a noble cause where the law could not reach, and stressed the lack of violence.  Wearing hoods, he asserted, was "no more wrong than ... than it is for other lodgemen to wear regalia".  Dick countered, "They were hooded for the purpose of taking that girl from this home, and not for lodge-room work."  The court found Taylor and Orme not guilty, but Magistrate W. E. McIlveen decided on Phillips's guilt, saying he "fail[ed] to see that there was any lawful excuse" for the Klan to have gone there hooded.  The prosecution sought no term of imprisonment, but only a fine, saying "the penalty is immaterial.  All that the Crown wants to show is that there is a machinery of Justice in Canada."  Phillips was fined $50, and the defense appealed.

Phillips threatened Jones outside the courthouse to return to her mother, and told her mother to call him again if she did not heed his warning.  Thousands of members of the Klan protested the decision and threatened Black activists.  Klan recruitment activity increased and Johnson's house burned down, over which Chief Kerr took no action.

Five White judges of the Ontario Court of Appeal heard Phillips's appeal and Attorney General Price's counter-appeal on 16 April.  The court did not look favourably upon the appeal and declared they would "not tolerate any group of men attempting to administer a self-made law".  The court characterized the Klan's actions as "mob law" and found Phillips guilty; he served three months in prison.

Aftermath

After Phillips's release, the Klan filed a request to hold a parade; the Oakville city council rejected it.  Though the Klan never disappeared, its power weakened throughout the rest of the 1930s in the face of the government's unwillingness to tolerate its actions.  Laws dealing with hate crimes were passed gradually over the following decades throughout Canada.

Johnson and Jones married on 24 March 1930.  The White pastor who conducted the wedding responded to concerns about Klan interference by saying, "I was here before the Klan."  They had two children, and Johnson took work as a gardener.  He died in 1966.

Generations later, writer Lawrence Hill found that those in Johnson's community had always considered Johnson Black.  He speculated that, while Johnson having aboriginal ancestry could not be ruled out, no evidence for it existed.  Johnson may have hidden his Black ancestry due to the Klan's reputation for lynching Blacks in the US.  For successfully turning citizens' feelings towards him by denying his Black heritage, Hill called him "Canada's first spin doctor".

Notes

References

Works cited

External links
 Johnson's attestation paper from World War I

1930 in Canada
Anti-black racism in Canada
Ku Klux Klan in Canada
People from Oakville, Ontario
Marriage in Canada
1930 crimes in Canada
1930 in Ontario

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Paint with an epsom salt solution on black paper. As it dries, long crystals of epsom salt form.
Just before the class, make a solution of 1:1 epsom salts:boiling water in a heat proof jar (using half a cup of each per table group). It will take a little while to dissolve all the crystals - heat in a microwave and shake alternately to make a clear solution.
Show the students how you make an epsom salt solution. Add a teaspoon of epsom salt crysals ito a jar of just-boiled water, and swirl until they dissolve, using these terms as you do. The salts seemed to disappear, but the molecules of the epsom salts are just mixed completely in with the water molecules. Salt or sugar in water does the same thing.
Distribute the 1:1 epsom salt solution to shallow tubs on each table and give each student a piece of smooth black paper and a paintbrush and a flashlight each.
Ask students to paint the epsom salt solution onto the paper. Explain that as the water evaporates from the solution, the epsom salts will be left behind, and will organize themselves into crystals. Small crystals will form rapidly where the epsom salt solution is thin and water evaporates from it fast. In the deeper puddles, the water takes longer to evaporate and longer, spiky crystals have more time to form. Emphasize to students that to make the largest crystals, do not repaint over a wet area, as this will disrupt crystal formation that has already started.
Show students how the flashlights can be used to watch the crystallization process: shine a flashlight sideways onto the paper to see the sparkly crystals, and even see some of them growing as the water evaporates at the edge of a puddle.
Students can fill out a worksheet to summarize and reinforce what the molecules are doing during dissolving and crystallization.
The crystal shape is technically a monoclinic prism - long with a lopsided, pointy tip. Whatever size the crystals are they will be this shape, but it is only really visible in the larger crystals grown in class or found in the purchased epsom salts.
Mix watercolour paints with the epsom salt solution then layer onto thick white paper (e.g. watercolour paper) thickly. Overlapping colours will make nice effects.
It will take some time to dry, but is worth the wait.
Epsom salts can also be grown in a cup or jar - simply dissolve the epsom salts in the water, and leave in an undisturbed place. A 3-D mass of crystals will form quite quickly. If there are no crystals once the liquid has cooled, tap the jar on a surface to initialize crystallization, and crystals will form very quickly - good to observe.
Students use dried beans of different colours to represent water and epsom salt molecules. Older students might be able to place everything around the arrows. Don't like that there is one right answer - how to fix, while getting across what is happening with the molecules?


text:
WebEconomy as a
self-organizing information system
DEMO GOALS
A system that will spontaneously increase its organization as it is moved further from equilibrium with respect to distributions of conserved quantities. In this model, the multiplicative product of the population of numbers is conserved. The distance from equilibrium is manipulatable by a control parameter that defines the gradient from the source to the sink.
As simple a model as possible to explore self-organizing autocatalytic networks and dissipative structures.
A system that will spontaneously decrease its organization as the control parameter is moved closer to equilibrium.
Mechanisms to track economic transactions through the system and perform double-entry accounting for each agent.
Ability to tag matter as it moves through the system to measure residence time which will serve as a measure of complexity in the system.
Create a visualization that allows the user to get the feel of self-organizing structures emerging to dissipate gradients.
THE BASIC SYSTEM
Figure 1: diagram of WebEconomy interactions
Source: Injects prime numbers into environment
Sink: Consumes composite numbers
Numbers: Are consumed and produced by agents. Prime numbers are the prime factors of production at the source. Intermediate products are created as the product of 2 or more numbers. Decomposition of products is performed through factoring.
Agents: Use N numbers to produce new number objects through the processes of multiplication and division. Agents can only perform the operations they are aware of. The operations take the form of a "recipe". Learning new useful recipes is considered to be an innovation. Innovations can diffuse through the agent population.
Recipe: Specifies materials on one side of the equation and products on the other. Like a chemical reaction, this recipe can be performed in the reverse direction if there is a low concentration on the materials side and high relative concentration on the product side. Each recipe has a time cost to perform.
Example: 3 * 6 = 18. The agent can either take in one 3 and one 6 from the environment and produce one 18, or take in one 18 and produce one 3 and one 6.
Autocatalytic Sets: A chain of products and materials that form a closed loop.
Example: in Figure 1 agent1, agent2 and agent3 form an auto-catalytic set involving the numbers 2, 3, 6, 9, and 18. Overall, this cycle consumes 3s and produces 9s (which are then consumed by the sink in this example). Consuming 3s and producing 9s can be seen as the function of this auto-catalytic set, and defines its functional closure. Other auto-catalytic arrangements can be produces that have the same function but a different structure.
MODEL DESIGN
1. Identifying autocatalytic sets
Autocatalytic sets may be identified as cycles in the transactions graphs which can be considered similar to chemical reaction graphs. The model will include the ability to search the network for cycles that form a functional closure. An alternative technique may include a mechanism to identify symmetry breaks in temporal activities in the system. Autocatalytic sets, by definition will react at greater rates given sufficient inputs.
Each agent has a list of recipes which constitute their knowledge.
These recipes contain numbers specifying what they need.
Agents have a store of numbers, transacted from the embedded market.
Agents do not have exogenously defined preferences. They learn to value numbers and recipes.
Agents can be represented as nodes in a graph. Edges are drawn from an agent whose MAKE matches another agent's USE (In the case of reversible recipes MAKE and USE may be the same set). Finding closed cycles in this graph specifies and autocatalytic set in the graph.
2. Determining which formulas an agent has knowledge of
-Formulas are also a part of the "environmental market"
-Unlike numbers, when another agent "buys" and "uses" another agent's formula it is not used up.
-"Base formulas" are seeded into the environment by the source along with prime numbers. Alternative mechanism of innovation can be used where agents try to factor needs that they have encountered. Efforts to create new factorings or recipes, should come at a cost.
3. Creating new prime numbers and new recipes
-New formulas are created by genetic operations performed on existing formulas by agents.
-Crossover example: (3 * 4 = 12) cross (5 * 6 = 30) ==> (5 * 4 = 20)
crossover creates new products using existing factors
-Mutation example: (3 * 4 = 12) ==> (2 * 6 = 12)
mutation uses new factors to create an existing product
-New prime numbers can be created by identifying autocatalytic sets and labeling them with an new prime number. These sets can then be used as if it were that prime number.
4. Adding/Removing agents from the system
-New agents appear when there is a large quantity of a specific factor (number) and try to acquire/create a formula that uses that number.
-Agents leave the system when they can not maintain enough profit to maintain themselves or participate in an autocatalytic set in which they are maintained.


Islet amyloid deposition is a pathogenic feature of type 2 diabetes, and these deposits contain the unique amyloidogenic peptide islet amyloid polypeptide. Autopsy studies in humans have demonstrated that islet amyloid is associated with loss of β-cell mass, but a direct role for amyloid in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes cannot be inferred from such studies. Animal studies in both spontaneous and transgenic models of islet amyloid formation have shown that amyloid forms in islets before fasting hyperglycemia and therefore does not arise merely as a result of the diabetic state. Furthermore, the extent of amyloid deposition is associated with both loss of β-cell mass and impairment in insulin secretion and glucose metabolism, suggesting a causative role for islet amyloid in the islet lesion of type 2 diabetes. These animal studies have also shown that β-cell dysfunction seems to be an important prerequisite for islet amyloid formation, with increased secretory demand from obesity and/or insulin resistance acting to further increase islet amyloid deposition. Recent in vitro studies suggest that the cytotoxic species responsible for islet amyloid-induced β-cell death are formed during the very early stages of islet amyloid formation, when islet amyloid polypeptide aggregation commences. Interventions to prevent islet amyloid formation are emerging, with peptide and small molecule inhibitors being developed. These agents could thus lead to a preservation of β-cell mass and amelioration of the islet lesion in type 2 diabetes.


Taxiwaala is directed by Rahul Sankrityan.
Actor Vijay Devarakonda's latest film Taxiwaala has become the latest victim of piracy. The movie has been leaked online by Tamilrockers even before its release. It was scheduled to hit the screens on November 16. The news of piracy has made fans furious. It has left us wondering if piracy will affect the first day collection of the movie. The fans of the actor are requesting people on social media to watch the movie in theatres.
It is also being said that someone from the team is behind leaking the movie online. This is not the first time as a couple of days back, Aamir Khan and Amitabh Bachchan's Thugs of Hindostan also fell prey to piracy. Tamilrockers has threatened to leak Rajinikanth and Akshay Kumar's upcoming film 2.0.
Earlier, big films like Sarkar, Kaala, Vishwaroopam 2 were leaked by Tamilrockers.
Taxiwaala is directed by Rahul Sankrityan. The film marks the debut of Priyanka Jawalkar. It also features Malavika Nair, Ravi Prakash and Uttej. It is a super natural thriller.
It has been a year of mixed fortunes for the actor. His film Geetha Govindam got a wonderful response at the box office. His next release, NOTA was a political thriller. The film received lukewarm response at the box office and turned out to be a commercial failure. Now, it will be interesting to see how Taxiwaala performs at the ticket window.


text:
BA (Hons) Medieval and Early Modern History
Study 700 years of local, national, and international history
Study historical events and contexts from around the world, from the Middle Ages through to the end of the seventeenth century
Build your degree around your own research interests
Learn from experts in their fields
Smaller class sizes for better learning
for satisfaction with History courses
1. Guardian University League Tables 2020
best University for courses and lecturers
2. Whatuni Student Choice Awards 2020
University in the UK
3. Guardian University Guide 2021
Explore early modern and medieval history from around the world
Explore events and contexts from across the world
You will learn how to analyse historical events from the aftermath of the Norman Conquest, through Tudor England, and into the Napoleonic era.
You will learn from internationally recognised research staff who use latest research to underline their teaching to ensure that you have access to current debates within the study of modern history.
Pursue your interests
The course will allow you to pursue your own area of interest, whether political, cultural or social. You will then develop your knowledge and skills to take a critical perspective on historical events and their outcomes for the modern world.
You will learn from internationally recognised staff who use the latest research to underpin their teaching to ensure you engage with the current historiographical debates.
Study key periods and events from Medieval Europe, the Wars of the Roses, the Renaissance and Reformation World and the Age of Revolution, 1776-1848.
Discover specialist subjects like the courts of Henry VIII, Louis XIV's France, the eighteenth century Enlightenment era, and the cultural history of death.
Learn from our team of expert staff at the forefront of their fields.
Build your degree around your interests.
Develop your critical thinking, team-working, research and digital skills, all vital for post-degree employment.
Gain a rich understanding of medieval and early modern history
Our BA (Hons) Medieval and Early Modern History degree introduces you to the fundamentals of the periods.
You will then be able to branch out to discover your interests and follow your passions to really make your degree unique to you.
In your first year, you will be introduced to the academic standards required of history students such as the necessary research skills and the ability to evaluate primary and secondary historical sources.
You will also explore a variety of social and political context from the period.
You will establish a strong historiographical foundation for your three years of study, including modules that introduce you to Medieval England, the wars and torture practices of the Early Modern era, and Renaissance Europe.
In your second year, you will begin to mould your degree around your interests.
You can explore:
The expansion of art and knowledge during the Renaissance period.
Women and gender throughout the Medieval and Tudor eras.
The Social histories of Early Modern Britain.
The political tribulations culminating in the Restoration of the British monarchy in the seventeenth century.
By your final year, you will have a strong sense of what historical area you would like to focus on for your final dissertation project.
Alongside your thesis, you will have the opportunity to explore aspects of history including: Louis XIV's France, the role of the monarchy in Early Modern Europe, and the royal courts of Henry VIII.
Year One Year Two Year Three
Britain and the Early Medieval World, C.500-1100
England in Europe C.1154-C.1400: An Introduction to the Late Medieval World
Europe and the Mediterranean World: Society, Identity and Encounters: 1450-1700
Game of Thrones: the Hundred Years' War: 1337-1453
Making History: Theory and Practice
Renaissance and Reformation Europe: 1350-1600
The Tudors: 1485-1603
Torture to Terror: European Order and Repression: 1492-1792
This module delivers an overview of the history of early medieval Britain.
You will examine major political events and social change from around 500AD to the aftermath of the Norman Conquest of 1066. You will explore the Saxon societies of the 6th century, through incursions by the Vikings and Danes in the 8th-11th centuries, to the death of William Rufus in 1100.
This module explores major themes and events in English History from the 12th to the 15th century.
You will study events including: the Angevin Empire and its loss, Magna Carta and the role of the Papal Monarchy, the relative peace and prosperity of the mid- 13th century, Edward I's campaigns in Wales and Scotland, the upheavals of 1307-27, the Black Death of 1348 and the Hundred Years' War.
This module will introduce you to conflicts and relations between southern Europe, the Maghreb and the Ottomans from 1450 to 1700. You will explore the socio-political structure of Mediterranean Europe through the study of early modern urban history with a focus on communities and cultural encounters. Subjects under discussion will include revolts, diplomatic affairs, trade, piracy, spying and human trafficking between Europe and other Mediterranean states.
This module examines the causes and ramifications of the Hundred Years' War.
You will explore the long-standing tensions between the royalties of England and France in the lead up to the war, as well as military tactics used by both sides and focus on the role of chivalry in the conflict.
In addition, you will consider the leadership of both the English and French armies, and the socio-economic impact of the conflicts in both nations.
This module examines different approaches to a range of historical case studies. These will include, amongst others, social and cultural history, the history of women, gender and sexuality, ideology and discourse analysis, postcolonial, the history of the visual image, landscape and public history, the legacy of modern war, and heritage studies. Key concepts common to history writing such as periodisation and the nature of the archive are also examined.
This module evaluates the political, intellectual and religious development, popular, elite and court culture, warfare and international relations and gender issues across Western Europe and the Ottoman Empire within the Renaissance and Reformation periods.
In doing so, you will gain a better understanding of Early Modern European society and the way it responded to pressure and change.
This module moves chronologically through the monarchs and events of the sixteenth century.
You will consider the role of political faction in the decision-making process under Henry VIII; the impact of the Reformation at the centre and in the localities; the shaping of monarchical authority by the royal minority of Edward VI; and the female monarchies of Mary and Elizabeth.
This module explores the brutality, atrocity and savagery of the so-called 'Age of Reason', with the persecution of witches and religious minorities, endemic warfare and the trade in slavery, concluding with the French Revolutionary Terror, 1792-94.
You will consider recurrent themes and debates, such as the interaction between European and non-European cultures, 'just' welfare, colonial exploitation, religious and cultural oppression, torture, slavery and human rights.
A Social History of Early Modern England: 1550-1750
Approaches to Research
Art & Knowledge in Europe: From Early Renaissance to Baroque: 1250-1650
Culture and Civilisation in Late Medieval England: C.1200-1550
Enlightenment Europe: 1688-1789
Fairy Tales: Early Modern to Postmodern
Heritage in Practice: Work Placements for History Students
Kingdom of Heaven: Crusading and the Holy Land: 1095-1291
Renaissance to Restoration
Romantics, Rebels and Reactionaries
Stuart England 1603-88: Rebellion, Restoration and Revolution
Women and Gender: 1000-1600
This module will explore the lives of 'ordinary' (i.e. non elite) men, women and children living in England from c1550 to c1750.
You will consider key defining factors of the society during this period including social structures; gender relations; lifecycles; urban and rural life; poverty and welfare; crime and punishment; popular culture; and the church.
This module will build on your earlier explorations of research techniques, with a focus on the development of time and project management skills as you begin to prepare for your dissertation.
Questions concerning how one starts on a research project and establishes viability of subject to a range of different approaches/theoretical perspectives will be discussed in detail, in relation to how you will choose their own dissertation topic.
This module examines the development of art, knowledge, taste, fashion and beliefs in Europe from c.1250-1650 as you consider the importance of intellectual history, cultural history, science and art as key aspects of European culture.
You will pay close attention to a range of textual and visual sources — from literature, diaries, correspondence, journals, painting, sculpture and architecture.
This module offers a thematic and contextual survey of late-medieval England.
It commences by problematising 'The Middle Ages', focusing on historiography, myth, public perception, and the constructed nature of historical periodisation.
The focus is on England, but material from elsewhere may be used, and videos and field trips are normally employed in order to enhance your understanding of late-medieval culture and its conceptualisation.
The ideas of the Enlightenment provided new ways of thinking about science, religion, education, politics and society and the place of 'mankind' in the world, but to what extent did the 'philosophers' transform society and how enlightened were they?
You will explore these ideas as you engage with the works of Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Diderot, Rousseau, Beccaria and Wollstonecraft.
Gain an informed historical and critical perspective on a powerful literary and cultural tradition beginning with the fairy tales written in early modern Italy, continuing through Perrault, D'Aulnoy, Grimm, Andersen to the work of more contemporary authors such as Angela Carter and Margaret Atwood. It also asks where we can turn to for modern fairy tales, through a focus on the use of fairy tale tropes in the work of J.K Rowling and Philip Pullman.
The aim of the module is to introduce you to the ways in which your learning experiences in the discipline of History can be applied to the working environment.
The work placement experience will provide you with an understanding of the practical, ethical and technical issues involved in the collection, cataloguing and preservation or conservation of physical traces of the past.
This module assesses the causes and consequences of crusading to the Holy Land between 1095-1291.
You will examine the motives of the First Crusaders and the subsequent defence of the Holy Land, including leaders such as Richard the Lionheart, as well as the political and economic ramifications for the Latin East and the indigenous populations of the invaded territories.
This module explores the evolution of poetry and prose throughout the Renaissance era and into the Restoration period of the 17th century, as result of major political and religious turbulence.
You will consider the works of Spencer, Marlowe and Shakespeare who begin to explore gender and history in their work, before moving onto the satirical poetry of Donne, Marvell, Milton, and Rochester.
The module will also assess how far second-generation Romantic poets developed the key Romantic theme of reform, as you consider the influence of the French Revolution on the work of British writers during the 18th century.
You will study the work of renowned and revered Romantic poets including Blake, Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Wollstonecraft, alongside the work of Mary Shelley and Jane Austin.
This module introduces you to the Stuart Age, circa 1603-88, as you explore why England went through such a period of extended turbulence and instability in the seventeenth century.
You will explore the radical political, religious, economic, social, cultural and intellectual changes that took place in Britain and beyond, in era of constitutional instability.
This module explores the term 'gender' and its usefulness as a category of historical analysis. It will then explore major areas of research on gender and sexuality by medieval and early modern historians, examining women across all social strata, from queens and regents to prophets and peasants.
Gothic, Romanticism and Women's Writing: From Mary Wollstonecraft to Jane Austen
Henry VIII and Court Culture 1509-1547: Faction, Faith and Fornication
Kingship, Queenship and Power in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe
Louis XVI's France: 1643-1715
The Cultural History of Death
Vice to Virtue? the Origins and Outcomes of the French Revolution: 1744-94
The dissertation represents the culmination of your History studies as you complete an individual research project on a topic of your choosing. the 10,500-word thesis will include explicit methodological and historiographical dimensions and where appropriate, theoretical discussions integrated into the text.
The aim of this module is to introduce you to the exciting range of women's prose writing in the late 18th century, as you consider the relationship between such writing and the political debates of the period.
You will discover how this writing, while often underrated, was of importance to Romantic aesthetics, often primarily understood and defined in terms of poetry written by men.
This module examines the structures and cultures of royal courts of the Tudor period.
In particular, you will consider court culture through the eyes of contemporaries in order to explore the centrality of the royal court and its relationship to the localities during this period of such immense change.
You will explore the royal court's political influence, the role of faction and division and the relationship to the literary arts.
This module considers the nature of social, cultural and political power in the late medieval and early modern periods by examining a variety of different topics such as royal ritual and law-making, visual and material culture, and social exclusion and popular rebellion.
You will understand how power was conceptualised and exercised in different socio-cultural contexts and chronological periods, as well as consider the role of gendered within power structures and social responses to rulers.
This module assesses the extent to which an 'absolutist' monarchy was established in France in the seventeenth century. You will consider various historiographical perspectives of the French monarchy, with a focus on the social and cultural contexts of the period as well as the impact of the military tensions with other European nations.
This module explores how literary representations of the historical and social treatment of the dead presents a vivid insight into the cultural behaviour, ideology and social order of different cultural and historical contexts.
You will explore the beliefs and attitudes towards the dead within literature from the Middles Ages through to more contemporary examples and debates.
This module examines the roots and consequences of the French Revolution, as well the major historiographical debates that continue through to today. You will gain a clear understanding of the political, social and economic context of the revolution's origins, the complexities and evolution of the Revolution itself, and the fallout and ramifications across the subsequent decades.
Discover facilities that support your academic learning
Click to watch our virtual tour of our historic Bishop Otter campus in the heart of Chichester.
Close community
Our commitment to a friendly and close-knit student community contributes to a high degree of success for our graduates.
Our teaching staff are all experts in their fields and at the forefront of modern research within the study of History.
Extensive online History resources
As a history student, you will have access to millions of primary historical sources from the past 700 years, including texts, newspapers, art, sculptures, and artefacts.
Placement partners
As a history student, you can pursue work experience opportunities in archives, museums, research institutes and political think tanks.
Subject specific librarians
If you have difficulty finding material for an essay, seminar or project, subject librarians will be happy to provide assistance.
Royal Literary Fellows
Gain writing support from professional writers through the Royal Literary Fund.
Local cultural links
The University is placed within the reach of the beautiful South Downs area of the UK.
Heather-Ann
"My readings enabled me to form better opinions, develop new ideas and add new dimensions to these ideas. Being able to research in this environment, with the support that was offered to me was an exceptional experience that will be difficult to replicate."
"There is an amazing group of lecturers who are all experts in their respective fields - many have written several books on the content they teach! It's a very supportive environment as lecturers are easy to contact via email or their office and you always know the peers you're sat with in lectures. A huge range of both history and politics modules across the Department means you're always learning something new."
Feel the support of internationally-recognised research staff
At our University, you will find a friendly atmosphere and an encouraging team of staff who will work hard to support you throughout your learning.
Our record in Student Satisfaction polls for History is second to none and we are delighted that our students find the University a supportive and positive learning environment.
Our team of experienced tutors and experts use the latest research to underlie their teaching. This ensures that you have access the latest debates within the study of Medieval and Early Modern History.
Much of our teaching is in small groups. Our commitment to smaller class sizes allows you to feel more confident to discuss your ideas in a supportive environment.
It also allows your tutors get to know you and how best to aid your development.
Our BA (Hons) Medieval and Early Modern History course uses a range of assessments methods, including:
Source evaluations and reviews
Collaborative project work
Modules are assessed at every stage of the course, allowing you to clearly see your academic progress throughout your degree.
Gain vital workplace experience with our local partners
In your second year, you will have the option to work with a sector-leading museums, gallery or heritage sites.
These placements will give you the opportunity to acquire a fundamental insight into the way these institutions preserve for and present history to the public, as well as gain vital workplace experience to increase your employability.
Our prestigious partners include:
Bignor Roman Villa
ButserAncient Farm
Chichester District Museum
D-Day Museum, Southsea
Emsworth Museum
Fishbourne Roman Palace
Mary Rose Museum
Pallant House Gallery
Petworth House
Portsmouth City Museum
Royal Marines Museum
Tangmere Aviation Museum
University of Chichester Archive Collections
Weald and Downland Open Air Museum
West Sussex Record Office
Worthing Library
Explore the opportunity to study part of your course abroad
As a student at the University of Chichester, you can explore opportunities to study abroad during your studies as you enrich and broaden your educational experiences.
Students who have undertaken this in the past have found it to be an amazing experience to broaden their horizons, a great opportunity to meet new people, undertake further travelling and to immerse themselves within a new culture.
You will be fully supported throughout the process to help find the right destination institution for you and your course. We can take you through everything that you will need to consider, from visas to financial support, to help ensure that you can get the best out of your time studying abroad.
Open up your future career options
A degree in History provides you with the opportunity to take up a number of career roles after graduation. Our graduates are valued by employers as they possess key skills in communication, analysis and reporting.
The option to study issues of political, social, and cultural significance, as well as work placement opportunities in archives, institutes and research centres, provides you with experience suitable for a range of career paths.
Many of our graduates continue on as teachers, lawyers, accountants, as well as management roles within a variety of settings.
Career paths include:
Local and national government
Communications and PR
Postgraduate pathways
MA Cultural History
MRes The History of Africa and the African Diaspora
PGCEs
MA Creative Writing
Postgraduate Research (MPhil/PhD)
Typical Offer (individual offers may vary)
tariff points.
BBB - BCC
Access to HE Diploma
Click the 'Apply now' button to go to relevant UCAS page.
What are UCAS tariff points?
Many qualifications have a UCAS Tariff value. The score depends on the qualification, and the grade you achieved.
How do I know what my UCAS tariff points are?
Head to the UCAS Tariff Points web page where you can find a tariff points calculator that can tell you how much your qualification and grades are worth.
BA (Hons) Modern History
Gain a rich understanding of how contemporary history has shaped the modern world.
History, Politics and International Relations
BA (Hons) History
Explore diverse aspects of the past as you develop your knowledge of British, European, and international history.


text:
https://www.mysanantonio.com/business/local/article/Two-more-Schlitterbahn-employees-charged-in-12954684.php
Two more Schlitterbahn employees charged in decapitation death of 10-year-old boy at Kansas park
By Joshua Fechter
Updated 5:58 pm CDT, Wednesday, May 30, 2018
Photo: Wyandotte County Jail /
Kansas officials have charged two more Schlitterbahn Waterparks employees in the decapitation death of a 10-year-old boy at the New Braunfels company's Kansas City park, bringing the total of indicted employees to five.
David Hughes, a maintenance supervisor at the Kansas City park, and John Zalsman, a maintenance worker at the park, pleaded not guilty Wednesday in Wyandotte County Court to charges of obstruction of justice, the Associated Press reported.
"We have no reason to believe that any employee obstructed justice," Schlitterbahn spokeswoman Winter Prosapio said in an email. "John and Dave have decades of experience in maintenance and are respected professionals on our maintenance team. With the help of men and women like John and Dave, we run a safe operation and know that this was a tragic accident. We stand behind our staff and the safety of our park."
Hughes and Zalsman are the latest Schlitterbahn employees to face criminal charges in the July 2016 death of Caleb Schwab, who was decapitated while riding the 17-story Verrückt waterslide at the Kansas park.
Schlitterbahn Waterparks co-owner Jeffrey Henry, Verrückt's lead designer John Schooley and Schlitterbahn's construction firm Henry and Sons Construction Co. Inc. were charged in March with second-degree murder, aggravated battery and aggravated endangering of a child. Prosecutors allege that Henry, Schooley and the firm "recklessly" killed Schwab by fast-tracking Verrückt's development, failing to make key repairs and ignoring warnings from staff about the danger the slide posed to riders.
An indictment unsealed Wednesday by a Wyandotte County judge accuses the maintenance workers, Hughes and Zalsman, of lying to two Kansas Bureau of Investigation special agents about a brake mat intended to slow rafts on the Verrückt that had fallen off the ride days before the boy was killed.
Hughes, Zalsman and another maintenance worker each told agents they hadn't fixed the mat because it hadn't been present on the Verrückt since the ride's testing phase. Investigators, though, possessed "overwhelming evidence showing the presence of brake mats" in the form of videos, photographs, business records and dozens of eyewitness accounts from staff and park patrons, according to the indictment.
Authorities also previously charged KC Waterpark Management, which operates the Kansas park, and Tyler Austin Miles, former director of operations at the Kansas park, on involuntary manslaughter, aggravated battery, aggravated endangerment of a child and interfering with law enforcement by concealing evidence. Miles, 29, was also charged with allegedly giving false information to a detective.
The charges against Hughes and Zalsman are just the latest in a string of troubles for the amusement park company and its owners. Read about how the Schlitterbahn co-owner was plagued with financial and legal trouble slong before being charged with murder in the boy's death on our subscriber site, ExpressNews.com.
Joshua Fechter is a San Antonio Express-News staff writer. Read more of his stories here. | jfechter@express-news.net | Twitter: @JFreports
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Siltepec is a Municipality of 38143 inhabitants, placed in the State of Chiapas, with a fertility rate of 3.03 children per woman. 0.19% of the population migrated from outside the State of Chiapas. 1.01% of the population is indigenous, 0.29% of the inhabitants speak one indigenous language, and 0.00% speak that indigenous language, but not Spanish.
60.65% of the inhabitants of Siltepec are Catholic, 40.57% are economically active and, within this active population, 99.83% are employed. Additionally, 62.73% of the dwellings have piped water and 0.37% have Internet access.
Do you want to know more statistical data of Siltepec? Please click on this link. Additionally, you can browse a beautiful map of Siltepec following the next link.