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Rare Spares Top Five Bathurst 1000 Races
12. August 2019 10:22 by Rare Spares in General, Rare Spares // Tags: Rare Spares, Bathurst 1000, Bathurst, Supercars, Touring Car Masters, Ford, Holden, Nissan, Peter Brock, Jim Richards, Chaz Mostert, Paul Morris, Shane van Gisbergen, John Bowe, Dick Johnson, Larry Perkins, Mark Winterbottom, Jamie Whincup, Craig Lowndes, Mark Skaife, Bathurst Legend // Comments (0)
Motorsport in Australia, as a topic of conversation, is one that's up there with like/dislike Ricky Gervais, should pineapple be on a pizza, is Peter Helliar actually funny, for dividing people's opinion. Who's the greatest driver, was the 1978 Torana the best car, which was the greatest of the great races at Bathurst? Given the history of the yearly event that is "Bathurst", pinning down a top five most exciting races from over fifty races is always going to be fraught with danger. We don't expect our list to be yours. But we would love to know what you think your top five are. [More]
Classic Australian Touring Cars
22. October 2018 09:35 by Rare Spares in General, Rare Spares // Tags: GT-HO, PhaseIII, XY, Bathurst, Moffat, French, Walkinshaw, Jaguar, XJS, V8, V12, Goss, Torana, A9X, L34, Brock, LX, Hardies Heroes, Bond, Marlboro, HDT, Ford, Holden, Grice, Leffler, Mount Panorama, GS, Hardtop, Coupe, VW, Beetle // Comments (0)
Brand loyalty. It's a "thing" that companies spend a lot of money on in research and making it happening. Perhaps the best example of this is in the world of cars and there's nothing more stronger nor more divisive than the love a man hath for the brand of car. That's why any list of Australia's top touring cars will always be subjective, sure to cause discussion, and will be debated at length. Agreed, there are the drivers and team to consider but tell that to the marketing teams. 1. Ford Falcon XY GT-HO Phase III 1971 and Bathurst see this car linked permanently in our motorsport history. Lap 43 of The Great Race saw Bill Brown and his yellow XY roll along the Armco after his front right tyre blew at over 100mph coming into McPhillamy Park. Three and a half rolls later Brown and his XY became part of folklore. Though it wasn't the first time Bill had put a GT-HO on its lid, but that is a story for another day. However there is the car itself. In qualifying for 1971's race the top seven grid spots would be occupied by this racing machine from the Blue Oval factory. The top two cars were factory backed, the other five from privateers, and just 1.1 seconds separated fourth through to seven. Pole sitter Allan Moffat would take pole by three seconds ahead of John French. Moffat and his Ford Falcon XY GT-HO Phase III would go on to win the 1971 Hardie-Ferodo 500 and would fill in five of the top ten positions at race finish. 2. TWR Jaguar XJ-S Jaguar is one of those brands that is either a love, or it's a ummm, no thanks. And whilst it may not instantly be recognized as a classic Australian touring car, it did win a Bathurst 1000. The Jaguar's Bathurst story started when Tom Walkinshaw Racing took the long and elegantly designed V12 from one of Britain's oldest brands, and turned a grand touring car into a race oriented touring car. The car itself took over from the legendary E-Type in 1975 and in racing trim would be entered into the then Group C category. This was for cars with engines of over three litres in capacity and placed the near five metre long "Jag" against Holden's VK Commodore with a 5.0L V8. In the hands of TWR and Tom himself, three XJ-S machines would be in the top ten for the 1985 James Hardie 1000. Entitled "Hardies Heroes" grid spots 6, 2, and 1 would have the JRA Ltd backed cars in place. John Goss piloted the number 10 badged car for sixth in the shootout, with Jeff Allam and Walkinshaw himself taking second and pole. Come race time and it was the German/Australian pairing of Armin Hahne and John Goss that would greet the chequered flag after 163 laps and a race time of six hours forty one minutes. Goss would also set the fastest lap with a 2:21.86. 3. Holden LX Torana SS A9X Hatchback. Regarded as possibly one of the prettiest yet aggressive looking cars on Australian roads, the Holden Torana hatchback of the mid 1970s would be powered by a choice of six and V8 engines. With the tag of A9X giving the car a stronger differential and rear disc brakes plus slightly modified suspension and a Borg-Warner T10 manual four speed transmission. Powered by the L34 spec 5.0L V8, Holden entered the LX into the Class A category for the 1978 Hardie-Ferodo 1000. That years was the introduction of the Hardies Heroes shootout, where drivers literally would draw the top ten running order for qualifying from a hat. This era was also the sweet-spot for the Holden v Ford rivalry, as the top ten would see six Holdens and four Ford XC Falcon hardtops. Driven by Peter Brock, it would be the Marlboro-HDT Torana that would take pole by 8/10ths ahead of the Moffat Ford Dealers pairing of Colin Bond, a long time friend of Brock, and Allan Moffat. History shows that the Holden LX Torana SS A9X Hatchback would fill four of the top ten finishing positions, with another two being the A9X four door versions. Brock and co-driver Jim Richards would be the only car to complete the full 163 laps, finishing a full lap ahead of another A9X hatchback driven by Allan Grice and John Leffler. And then there was the legendary performance at Mount Panorama in 1979, where Brock and Richards would finish a staggering 6-laps ahead of everyone else – the next seven placed cars were also A9X Toranas. 4. Ford Falcon XC GS Hardtop Ford Australia had resurrected a two door design for its legendary Falcon nameplate with the "coke bottle" XA Falcon in 1972. A slender nose would be offset by a somewhat heavy tail, with the rear flanks seemingly overwhelming the 14 inch diameter wheels. Subsequent redesigns would see subtle changes at the rear and with the blunter XB and XC noses adding an assertive presence. Although perhaps of itself not a car that imprints itself into racing consciousness, it was the 1977 one-two finish of the big machines that has the XC Falcon two-doors in this list of classic Aussie touring cars. Although Allan Moffat, the Canadian born driver that had made Australia his home, had qualified third, behind team mate Colin Bond, he would subsequently lay down the quickest lap of the 1977 race. Finishing a lap ahead of Peter Janson and Larry Perkins in their A9X hatchback, team orders had Moffat lead Bond into the final turn and across the line by a half car length in vision that brings tears to the eyes of Ford fans. 5. Volkswagen Beetle 1200. 1963 and the Volkswagen Beetle is finding love and homes throughout the world. It also found success on Australian racetracks. Entered into Class A, a category for cars costing less than nine hundred pounds, the "Dak-dak" would be amongst the list of cars racing at Mount Panorama for the Armstrong 500. The race had moved from Victoria's Phillip Island and with the Australian Racing Drivers Club the new organizers. In Class A, four VW 1200s would be in the top 5, with the winners of the class, Barry Ferguson and Bill Ford completing 116 laps of the new venue, and completing this list of the top five Australian Touring Cars. What do you think is the greatest classic Australian Touring Car? Tell us below or join the conversation on our Facebook page! Picture Credit: www.autopics.com.au
Classic Bathurst Recap - 1989
8. October 2018 09:17 by Rare Spares in General, Rare Spares // Tags: Bathurst, Bowe, Johnson, Brock, Seton, Sierra, Skyline, Crash, Controversy, Moffat, Turbo, Richards, Nissan, Ford, Holden, Tooheys, Longhurst, Skaife, Classic // Comments (0)
Changes were in the wind in the 1989 Bathurst 1000. Sponsored by beer giant Tooheys, the event continued its growth in stature internationally, and internally. Teams expanded from one car to two, and a return to the past was made, in the form of a standing start. The all-conquering Ford Sierra RS500 was back and in bigger numbers. Enough were here that one of Australia's favourite sons and a Holden icon had made the jump into the Blue Oval camp. The King of the Mountain would also be involved in an incident that, although technically within the rules, wasn't seen as being of a sporting nature. The Sierras attracted big names from overseas. Briton Andy Rouse came in to drive alongside Peter Brock. Ruedi Eggenberger returned to run the Allan Moffat operation, with a brand new car for Klaus Niedzwiedz, Moffat and Frank Biela. Alain Ferté flew in to drive a Glenn Seton car. Toyota was here, with the six cylinder Supra. John Smith and Drew Price, while Nissan had Anders Olofsson. This year's race was also an advance in television coverage, with the Tooheys Top ten shootout broadcast in full for the first time. The fastest ten cars from qualifying on Friday were sent out on the Saturday to determine the positions. Of the top ten final results, all but one were Sierras, with Nissan and Jim Richards claiming seventh. Peter Brock would be given pole and it would be the only pole position of his career that wasn't in a Commodore powered by a V8. It would also be a frustrating result for the Holden faithful as there were no Red Lion cars to be seen in that ten. There is also a little bit of history here, with all cars in the top ten being powered by a turbocharged engine, a feat not seen before or since. The controversy around Brock and his car was simple, in essence. A fire suppressant system in the cars used a gas called Halon. A nozzle in the engine bay after the top ten run was found in scrutineering to have been pointed towards the engine's turbo intercooler. The theory was that the gas had been discharged, lowering the temperature and boosting the engine output. Although later deemed to be not illegal, Brock was fined five thousand dollars. A return to the standing start procedure also raised eyebrows. With a set start time of 10:00am, a formation lap had been performed and cars lined up on the grid. However it appeared that some were a little early and the subsequent wait may have contributed to a number of cars suffering engine failures during the race. Race start and Brock lead the field, with old mate and sparring partner Dick Johnson, (with co-driver being Rare Spares ambassador John Bowe) in hot pursuit. There would be drama for Andrew Miedecke inside the first lap, with his #6 Sierra stuck in fifth gear thanks to a broken gear selector. This came on top of the #8 sister car, driven by Andrew Bagnall, crashing during the top ten shootout, however with only light damage allowing the car to start as the tenth car. Coming down Conrod Straight, Johnson's Sierra would pass Brock to take the lead, where throughout the next 160 laps it would remain. The race would see a number of cars fail to finish due to mechanical problems. Brock himself would pit his Sierra, complaining of a loose rear wheel. The Tony Longhurst and Giancarlo Brancatelli Sierras would retire with Brancatelli's car losing a wheel, and Longhurst out after his Benson and Hedges #25 car blew a head gasket. Longhurst would move into the #20 car and along with Alan Jones and Denny Hulme completed the race in fifth. Glenn Seton's Sierra had found oil on the track at Skyline. Seton's #30 Peter Jackson sponsored car slammed into the tyre barrier backwards. Seton was ok and the car was able to be driven to the pits for repair where he, John Goss, and Tony Noske would later pilot the car to 20th. The #35 car would not complete the race. Debris from Seton's vehicle had an unfortunate knock-on effect for Brad Jones. Brake lines are an effective piece of equipment in a car when they're in one piece. Jones' car would have theirs cut by the debris, leaving Jones to find that out at speed coming into the Chase. He and co-drive Paul Radisich benched the car and would lose eight laps, finishing 9th. The Sierras were showing signs of stress with the #18 Shell Ultra Hi car, driven by the UK pairing Jeff Allam and Robb Gravett, suffering electrical issues. Allan Moffat's second car would be parked after just thirty laps, whilst John Mann and Murray Carter's Sierra lasted just ten. However the Skylines and Commodores were showing no such signs. Alan grice and Peter Janson would find themselves in the top five thanks to smart fuel pit strategy however some gremlins got into the transmission, dropping them to tenth at race finish. Brock's rear wheel issue looked to have been fixed and the team would be back in the top three half way through the race. But again a problem occurred, this time with a recalcitrant wheel nut needing to be cut off. The hub was discovered to be so worn a new one could not be fitted and the team was out. Bowe and Johnson had cemented their lead but in the closing laps the turbo boost pressure was falling. Bowe nursed the car along enough to hold the lead, watching the second Moffat Sierra, driven by Niedzwiedz and Frank Biela eventually fall off enough for Bowe to pit for a final fuel stop and get the car across the line for the win a full minute ahead of Biela. Third would go to Jim Richards and a young Mark Skaife, in the Nissan Skyline HR31 GTS-R, with a team driver swap having Anders Olofsson bring home the second car in fourth. Of fifty six cars entered, twenty nine would not see the chequered flag for the Tooheys Bathurst 1000 in 1989.
24. September 2018 14:53 by Rare Spares in General, Rare Spares // Tags: PeterBrockTrophy, Supercars, Bathurst, Lowndes, Whincup, Skaife, Kelly, Bowe, Jones, Falcon, Commodore, BA, VZ, Richards, Brock, V8, Conrod, Skyline, Cutting, Bathurst1000 // Comments (0)
The Bathurst 1000 of 2006 will be forever etched in history as the one "The King of the Mountain" watched from up high and saw his protégé' Craig Lowndes, alongside a champion in the making, Jamie Whincup, hold the first ever Peter Brock Trophy over the pit lane crowd. It was the second win for CL, as he's known, and the first for Whincup after his second place the year before. Thirty one cars would be entered in this year's "Great Race", with an almost even split of Holden and Ford branded vehicles. Ford would field fifteen BA Falcons, the first model after the ill-fated AU Falcon, whilst Holden showcased sixteen VZ Commodores, the final iteration of a design essentially a decade old. Qualifying was tight and intense, resulting in the top eight cars being separated by under a second, and the top eighteen cars separated by under two seconds. Again it was almost an even split for the then top two locally made cars, with four Falcons and six Commodores. Of the top five though, just one blue oval branded car would be there, with a former Holden driver, Jason Bright, in second. Provisonal pole had gone to Holden driver Mark Skaife in a blistering 2:06.9764, just a tenth ahead of Bright's Falcon. The Top Ten Shootout would see Skaife carry that form onwards, with a 2:07.4221, a full three tenths quicker than Bright. Rick Kelly, New Zealand born Jason Richards and Greg Murphy, all in Commodores, would round out the top five. Eventual race winner Lowndes, driving the Ford BA Falcon, would be beaten to fifth by a mere four one thousandths of a second. The race itself was held on Sunday October 8. In 2006 it was the ninth race weekend of the then V8 Supercars Championship. It would also prove to be the longest race since 2002. With all 161 laps completed it finished just seven seconds shy of seven hours and a full twenty two minutes longer than the previous year. A race start incident proved to be crucial in the final results. Pole sitter Skaife went from hero to zero within a half minute, with a clutch failure leaving him battling to get his Commodore moving to race speed. Although he had cleared the first corner he had got as far as the first rise on the road to the top of the mountain, and with heavy traffic behind him an unfortunate Jack Perkins was blindsided, ploughing his Commodore into Skaife's and forcing him into the wall. This allowed the second grid spot driver, Jason Bright and his co-driver Mark Winterbottom, to take the lead. However a brake lockup had Bright require a tyre change with just fifteen laps completed. More woe befell the duo with Winterbottom garaging the car on lap 28. A full fourteen cars would fail to finish the 2006 race, with Rare Spares ambassador John Bowe, alongside his mate and co-driver Brad Jones, finishing eleventh. The race was punctuated by a number of safety car interventions, including one of over twenty minutes after the veteran Kiwi born Paul Radisich, on lap 71, had his Commodore spear into a retaining wall at the Chase. The impact rolled the car onto its side and left Radisich in need of trackside marshal intervention to remove him from his stricken vehicle. Just six laps would be held in that fourth hour of the race. As seems traditional with the Bathurst 1000, a late race incident played a part in the final standings. Jason Richards also lost control and hit a wall. Laps remaining were just ten. Rick Kelly and Craig Lowndes were dealing with a six second buffer prior to the final safety car call to deal with the Richards car. A fired up Lowndes would lay down the race's quickest lap on the 158th circuit of the 6.213 kilometres worth of tarmac, and would greet the chequered flag a bare half second ahead of a determined Kelly. In tumultuous and emotional scenes on the presentation balcony, Lowndes would be in tears as he acknowledged his late friend and mentor, Peter Brock. Is 2006 your favourite Bathurst 1000? Head over to the Rare Spares Facebook page and tell us your memories of the weekend in the comments section below this article.
The Holden Monaro 427C - Australia's Homegrown GT Monster
13. August 2018 09:31 by Rare Spares in General, Rare Spares // Tags: Motorsport, Monaro, 427, Rare, Bathurst, Brock, Bright, Kelly, Murphy, Tander, Richards, McConville, Pretty, 24hr, Supercar, GRM Motorsport, Procar, HRT, Chevrolet, Track Weapon // Comments (0)
The Australian automotive industry is an oddity in the global scheme of things. A small buying population, the most brands per head of population, and innovations not seen elsewhere, make it virtually unique. Although we weren't the first to build a car with a hardtop and two doors, we certainly made some great ones. Ford, Chrysler, Mitsubishi, and Holden all have cars that are memorable and one that stands out was the Monaro 427C. Designed, engineered, and built in Australia, this car was intended to be a track weapon and race in the Bathurst 24 Hour. The first of these races was set to run in late 2002, meaning the development of the car, slated to run in 2003, had to be brought forward. The heartbeat of the 427C was its US sourced 7.0L or 427cid V8. With the Holden Racing Team turning down the offer of developing the machine, Garry Rogers Motorsport (GRM) took the Chevrolet Corvette C5-R engine, a Monaro body, and the responsibility of running the 427C as a race car. The car would later be a controversial one; the race would attract cars from outside Australia such as Lamborghini's Diablo GTR, Ferrari's 360 N-GT, and the monstrous Chrysler Viper ACR. All of these cars would race with the same engine they would come off the production line with. However, the Monaro at the time came with Chev's fabled 350cid or 5.7L V8, and therefore would be ineligible to run. However, the organiser of the race, which would come under the umbrella of a racing group called Procar, allowed the Monaro to be run with the bigger engine to be seen as more competitive with capacities such as the 8.0L V10 in the Viper. As the race was going to be run under the then current GT regulations, GRM had to design a body kit to suit both the regulations and the aerodynamics of the VX Commodore based two door. Using the V8 Supercars design as a basis, GRM fitted a wider rear wing that sat below the car's roofline, as per the regulations. A similar front air dam was fitted to the front, and underneath the 427C utilized a number of components that could be found on a Supercar. A technically minded casual observer would see a Hollinger six speed manual transmission, wheels of 18 x 11 and 18 x 13 inches, MacPherson strut front suspension and a trailing arm rear, bolted to coil springs and thick anti-roll bars. The engine was said to be good for 600 ponies (447kW) and would be bolted into the front of a car weighing 1,400 kilograms. All up the Monaro 427C would be 4789mm in length, run a front and rear track of 1559mm/1577mm, and roll on a wheelbase of 2788mm. The aero package provided plenty of down-force and made for a stable on track racer. Raced at the 2002 Bathurst 24 Hour by a team of four drivers, being Garth Tander, Nathan Pretty, Steven Richards, and Cameron McConville, the car was also being touted as being available as a road car. The race car itself would prove to be strong, durable, and a race winner. Although despite suffering a flat tyre and a collision with another car, the car would ultimately win in its debut race by 24 laps. As a road car, it was potentially to be powered by a 433kW version of the 427cid engine. But, as a business case, the numbers simply didn't add up and would result in a mooted buy price of $215,000 being out of reach of its intended market. Just two road going cars, and just four race cars, would be built. The Monaro 427C would go on to compete in the Australian Nations Cup Championship in 2003, and the Bathurst 24 Hour race in the same year. A second race car had been built by then. Driven by Peter Brock, Jason Bright, Todd Kelly, and Greg Murphy, the car would win by just 0.3035 of a second. Tander, driving the 2002 winning vehicle, was thwarted in a last sector charge by a yellow flag thanks to a car close to the racing line. The 427C would race in 2004 and see a third chassis completed, before the Nations Cup category collapsed due to fiscal issues. With regulations reverting to GT Championship rules in 2005, the Monaro 427C was deemed ineligible. Of the race cars, one is with a private collector, one is in the Bathurst Motor Museum, and little if anything is known of the locations of the others.
Aussie Motorsport Classic: The Channel 9 Camaro
3. April 2018 09:59 by Rare Spares in General, Rare Spares // Tags: aussie classic, cars, car, Aussie Motorsport Classic, Camaro, Mount Panorama, Bathurst, Australian motorsport history, Australian motorsport, GTHO, Torana, Australia cars, Australian automotive, Australian Car, Australian classic cars, Australian motorsports, automotive, Automotive Enthusiasts, Automotive Industry, automotive history, Rare Spares // Comments (0)
October 3, 1982. Reid Park, Mount Panorama, Bathurst. Lap 27. Kevin Bartlett. Camaro. A time, location and car that are forever etched into Australian motorsport history. KB is up with the leaders in the famous Bathurst 1000 when one of a batch of fourteen wheels the team had bought for the Camaro fails. It's the rear left. Instantly, the tyre deflates, pitching the Channel 9 branded car's rear into the concrete safety wall. The left front bounces off as the nose swings around and it's just on a right hand curve on an uphill run. Unsettled, there's momentum enough to cause the Camaro to roll over to the right, landing on its roof. The car skids to the other side of the track and quickly a trackside official is there to assist a shaken Bartlett out of the inverted Camaro. He's ok, points at the clearly ruined wheel and tyre, and walks into the crowd. In context, it was a miracle that Bartlett and the Channel 9 sponsored car were in the race at all. In practice just a couple of days before, co-driver Colin Bond was at the wheel when a ball joint nut on the front left wishbone came adrift. The front left suspension collapsed and flung the corner into the wall. The location? Almost exactly where the wheel would fail two days later. As KB says: "it was a miracle that my crew and the TAFE smash repair team had it back together in time for qualifying." However, there's more to the story in getting the car on track in the first place. Bartlett bought the car, a brand new 1978 built machine, from an American dealership and imported the car into Australia. The intent was to race it in what was then the Group C regulations. Once the car landed, Bartlett says, a lot of work was needed to get the car down to the weight as stipulated. The leaf spring suspension was replaced with fibreglass units, super strong Kevlar for the front guards and spoilers, but CAMS insisted that the car use drum brakes at the rear, instead of the optional disc brakes. In case you're wondering why the car looks different to a 1978 model, it's because CAMS also said the car had to run with bodywork from the '74 to '77 models. Bartlett still shakes his head in disbelief. But there was a hidden benefit as it turned out. The earlier bumpers were aluminium, not steel… Is the Channel 9 Camaro your favourite Aussie Motorsport classic? Or maybe you're a GTHO or Torana sort of person? Head over to the Rare Spares Facebook page and tell us about your favourite cars to hit the Australian motorsport scene!
Group S At The 2018 Bathurst 12 Hour
27. February 2018 10:14 by Rare Spares in General, Rare Spares // Tags: Bathurst, Morgan race, Group S cars, Philip Island Classic, Morgan Park, winton, motorsport park, classic car, Bathurst 12 Hour, Car Racing, car race, classic racing, Australian Automotive, Auto racing, automotive, Rare Spares // Comments (0)
The Bathurst 12 Hour as an event continues to grow in both size and stature. After moving away from a production car based race, in a contentious decision at the time, to a GT based program, the success of that decision has been validated. However, man does not live on GT alone so there were a number of support categories including the Group S cars. Under the current regulations, Group S covers a period from the 1940s through to the end of the 1970s. Groups S itself is an umbrella that covers three sub-categories; Group Sa, Sb, and Sc. Sa is for the more elderly cars, starting from early 1941 through to the end of December 1960. It's this category that appeals to the drivers of British cars such as the MG-A, Sunbeam Alpine, or the "Bugeye" Sprite. Sb cars cover a slightly more compressed timeframe, being January 1961 through to December 31 1969. There's a vast appeal here to many marques, so Corvette Stingrays, Alfa Romeo GTVs, Porsche 911s, Shelby Cobras, and more will feature. Group Sc rounds off with an inclusion of cars from January 1970 through to December 1977 (although we'll see cars from 1979 racing) and Porsche stars here with the ever green 911. There's the occasional De Tomaso Pantera, Datsun 260Z, and Triumph TR6. Naturally, being historic car racing, there's categories within categories, with engine capacity classes being applied. Group Sa has: Saa, Sab, and Sac, covering up to 1300cc, between 1300cc and 1800cc, and over 1800cc Sb covers a larger range. Sba and Sbb are the same as Group Sa, with Sbc ranging from 1800cc to 3000cc, whilst Sbd is from 3001cc. Sca is slightly different, covering up to 2000cc, then Scb just 2001cc to 2600cc, then Scc 2601cc to 3500cc before finalizing with Scd from 3501cc and up. 2018 has a pretty full calendar for these venerable machines with fourteen race weekends; March 2018 has the annual Philip Island Classic whilst mid April has the inaugural Shannon's Nationals at the new South Australia Tailem Bend circuit. There'll be visits to Morgan Park in Queensland, Winton in northern Victoria, and December sees the final round for the year at Sydney Motorsport Park for the fabulous Tasman Revival meeting. The Group S cars are a production based category and the cars themselves do not have to have a specific racing history, unlike the Groups A and C cars which MUST be the original racing car. The www.groupsracing.org.au website says: "Group S cars are not historic racing cars; they are historic production sports cars, modified within the limits of Group S eligibility criteria." Group S ran three races at Mt Panorama during the B12 event. Race 1 was Friday February 2 and was shortened to five from the scheduled seven laps. It was a fifty five car field that featured vehicles from all three sub categories with twelve different marques and it was a fifty one car field that finished the five laps. Ian Ross in his 1966 Shelby GT350 managed to beach his classic machine at the Chase in lap one which resulted in a safety car being called out for three laps. Of the fifty one that finished race 1, sixteen were Porsche 911 and one of those, piloted by Geoff Morgan in the Sc class, took the chequered flag. In fact, the first three cars were Scc followed by two Scd. The quickest Sa car was in the Sac category, Zack McAfee in his tidy 1956 Austin Healey. Unfortunately for Morgan race 2 was a fizzer on the final lap as his car's distributor failed. This handed the win to fellow 911 pilot and Morgan's good friend, Wayne Seabrook. There was a measure of carnage at the rear of field on the first lap with Colin Goldsmith's immaculate 1959 Austin Healy being punted by a spinning Steve Constantinidis is his 1972 Corvette. Race three was curtailed to five laps in a time critical finish. Seabrook again took the chequered flag. Doug Barbour in his 911 finished with a flourish by spinning on the final lap and managing to still snare fourth. A sidebar here is just how quick and nimble some of the smaller engine cars were. Race three had Damien Meyer in a 1275cc MG Midget from 1970 finish in thirteenth position, ahead of cars such as a DeTomaso Pantera with its 351 Ford engine and a 928 Porsche with a 4.5L block. That was a great follow up to his 17th in race 1 Did you catch the classic car action at the Bathurst 12 hour? What did you think? Head over to the Rare Spares Facebook page and let us know in the comments section below.
A look at John Bowe's On-Track achievements
5. February 2018 10:57 by Rare Spares in General, Rare Spares // Tags: John bowe, JB, Rare Spares Brand Ambassador, Australian Motorsport, Australian Motorsport icon, Motorsport, Brock, Webber, Brabham, Bathurst, Australian Touring Car Championship, TCM, Bathurst 12 Hour Victory, Craig Lowndes, Mika Salo, Peter Edwards, Aussie Motorsports, Australia, Australian automotive, Australian racing, Australian performance car, Auto racing, automotive, Australian Tracks, automotive festival, Automotive industry, Car Racing, car race, classic racing, Rare spares // Comments (0)
Rare Spares Brand Ambassador and Australian Motorsport icon, John Bowe, was recently inducted into the Australian Motorsport Hall of Fame, joining names such as Brock, Webber and Brabham on the illustrious list. Throughout his hugely successful career, Bowe's resume stacks up against some of the greatest in the history of the sport. In this article, we'll take a quick look back at a few of the highlights on Australian shores throughout his career (so far!). Back-to-Back Australian Drivers Championships In the mid 80's Bowe went on a tear through the 1984 & 1985 Australian Drivers Championships behind the wheel of a Cosworth powered Ralt RT4, winning 9 of a possible 12 races across the two year span. The two championships really kickstarted a career that would result in him becoming the only person in history to win the Australian Drivers Championship, Australian Sports Car Championship and Australian Touring Car Championship. Bathurst victories with Dick Johnson Bowe joined forces with Dick Johnson to take victory on the mountain on two occasions. First in 1989 behind the wheel of the light switch powered Ford Sierra RS500 Cosworth, and the second occasion in 1994 in the Ford EB Falcon. The Sierra was so hit and miss that the DJR cars were almost guaranteed of victory provided they made it to the finish line. The duo qualified on pole and led almost every single lap around the mountain to earn Bowe's first Bathurst victory. In 1994 the team came from 10th on the grid to victory after Johnson had a mishap during Saturday's Top Ten Shootout – a very impressive performance! 1995 Australian Touring Car Championship The 1995 ATCC driver lineup reads as a 'who's who' of Australia's most talented racing drivers with names such as Brock, Seton, Perkins, Johnson, Skaife, Crompton and Richards gracing the starter's flag each weekend. None were a match for Bowe and his Shell Racing DJR EF Falcon, who went on to win four events to win the title by an impressive 27 points over Glenn Seton at years end. 2014 Bathurst 12 Hour Victory In 2014 John Bowe joined forces with Craig Lowndes, Mika Salo and Peter Edwards to win what as at the time the fastest Bathurst 12 Hour yet. Behind the wheel of their Ferrari 458 GT3 the team completed 296 laps to beat out a number of highly touted local and international teams. The win came in Bowe's 29th consecutive year racing at the famed circuit. What do you consider John Bowe's greatest motorsport achievement? Head over to the Rare Spares Facebook page and let us know in the comments section below.
2017 Motorsport Year in Review
11. December 2017 08:33 by Rare Spares in General, Rare Spares // Tags: TCM, touring car masters, John Bowe, Winton, Supercars, Australian racing, classic racing, Bathurst, NASCAR, IndyCar, Formula 1, motorsport, Rare Spares, Enduro Cup, Aussie Motorsports, Aussie cars, Australian Automotive, Australian motorsports, Australian performance car, Australian racing circuit, Australian Touring Car Championship, Automotive industry, automotive world // Comments (0)
2017 has been a year to remember in motorsports worldwide, with champions crowned, rising stars established and the rest going back to the drawing board hoping for a more successful 2018. At Rare Spares we've been glued to our TV sets throughout the year keeping track of all the major forms of racing around the globe. From TCM to Formula 1, in this article we'll take a quick look at the categories that caught our eyes in 2017. Touring Car Masters Touring Car Masters produced another classic racing season as Steve Johnson stormed his way through the second half of the season to take out the Pro class. John Bowe and Adam Bressington rounded out the podium, while a huge crash at Winton captured headlines when a no less than 12 cars were caught up in a pile up at the second corner. The TCM category is going from strength to strength attracting a number of ex pro's providing the ultimate challenge to the amateur participants. Supercars Australia Championship What a season for Supercars, Jamie Whincup took the title for the seventh time, with the fight between himself and Scott McLaughlin coming down to the very last lap of the season. The eventual margin of victory was 21 points after McLaughlin was penalised 25 seconds for squeezing a hard charging Craig Lowndes into the wall on the last lap of the season. David Reynolds and Luke Youlden were popular Bathurst 1000 winners while Chaz Mostert and Steve Owen took out the Enduro Cup. The category's first female driver Simona Di Silvestro finished in 24th place, but produced a few moments that suggest 2018 could be an exciting year for the Swiss native. Bathurst 12 Hour Taking place way back in February, the Bathurst 12 hour was won by Marinello Racing with Craig Lowndes, Jamie Whincup and Toni Vilander behind the wheel. Shane Van Gisbergen and his Scott Taylor Motorsports teammates put up an incredible fight before SVG put the incredible AMG into the wall while trying to chase down his Red Bull Racing teammate Jamie Whincup. The 2018 edition is fast approaching, and catching our eyes is the inclusion of a classic car event at this year's 12 hour. Group S cars will be taking to the grid, with everything from Austin Healy's, MG's and Porsche's taking part in a support race. Formula 1 British superstar Lewis Hamilton claimed his fourth World Championship and Mercedes claimed their fourth constructer's championship in a row. Ferrari regained some level of form in 2017 as Sebastian Vettel held the points lead for much of the first half of the season. Australia's Daniel Ricciardo was left frustrated due to the lack of pace and reliability in Red Bull's 2017 power units, meaning only one win was recorded for the popular West Australian. NASCAR & IndyCar Martin Truex Jnr took out the premier class of NASCAR in 2017, winning the final event in Miami to round out the 'playoff' series with a lead of 5 points over Kyle Busch. IndyCar headlines were dominated by Fernando Alonso in 2017 as he began his quest to conquer motorsports 'Triple Crown' (Monaco GP, Indy 500 & Le Mans). Alonso impressed in his first IndyCar outing at the Indy 500 and even led the prestigious race at one point before an all too familiar Honda engine failure left the Spaniard stranded. Takuma Sato won the event while Josef Newgarden went on to take out the title. What was your favourite motorsport moment in 2017? Or maybe you have some predictions for 2018? Head over to the Rare Spares Facebook page and let us know in the comments section below.
John Bowe 2017 Touring Car Masters season review
4. December 2017 09:10 by Rare Spares in // Tags: TCM, touring car masters, John Bowe, JB, Clipsal 500, Newcastle 500, Queensland Raceway, Steve Johnson, Bathurst, Rare Spares, TCM racing, Torana, XB Falcon, Eddie Abelnica, Jason Gomersall, Mark King's Camaro, Australian Automotive, Australian motorsports, Automotive industry, Automobile, Automotive Enthusiasts, Auto racing, Car Racing, car race, cars // Comments (0)
Rare Spares Brand Ambassador and our long-time friend John Bowe has just wrapped up his 2017 Touring Car Masters campaign at the Newcastle 500 over the weekend. In what was a hard fought series Bowe and his Torana SL/R 5000 spent many rounds at the front of the pack and even led the series coming in to the final round. Unfortunately it wasn't to be, as he could do little to stop the hard charging Steve Johnson on the tight streets of Newcastle's East End. In this week's blog, we'll take a quick look at Bowe's incredible season. The 2017 TCM season kicked off way back in March at the Clipsal 500 in Adelaide, and for Bowe the season started with a bang. Bowe was challenged early in both races 1 & 2 before recording victory in both, while a 6th in race 3 was enough to guarantee him the round victory. Round 2 at Winton saw one of the biggest accidents in the category's history and unfortunately Bowe was in the wrong place at the wrong time. Race 1 went swimmingly for the number 18 Torana as Bowe worked from 23rd on the grid to take the win, a monumental effort around the short Victorian circuit. Race 2 was where it all went pear shaped for a large number of the TCM field as Jason Gomersall span in front of the following pack as he rounded the 2nd corner on the first lap. Gomersall span into the path of Eddie Abelnica and his XB Falcon before being collected by Mark King's Camaro, leaving both cars with very heavy front end damage. The ensuing pack had nowhere to go, with a number of cars finding each other or the surrounding walls. Bowe was sandwiched in the middle of all the action and the resulting broken ribs ensured a non-start for race 3 and a short stint in hospital for the fan favourite. Bowe was able to make a speedy recovery from the massive shunt to line up only four weeks later at Hidden Valley Raceway in Darwin. It wasn't quite a fairytale comeback as a gearbox issue left the Torana in a plume of smoke early on in the first race. Some quick work was done to the Torana and he was able to make it back on to the circuit for races 2 & 3, finishing in 2nd and 1st respectively. On to Queensland Raceway and after recording his 90th victory in the TCM category Bowe left the event sharing the championship points lead with Adam Bressington. The 'paper-clip' as it's known in the industry provides a unique challenge to competitors with a number of difficult breaking sections wreaking havoc on the TCM field. Sandown provided a unique challenge to competitors as race 1 was run in terribly wet conditions. The conditions provided a shuffle in the running order with Bowe finishing in 8th. Race 2 was abandoned while Bowe was out in front after Gomersall parked his Torana in the tyres at the end of the back straight. Wrapping up the weekend with a 2nd in race 3, Bowe was able to take the lead in the championship over his rivals. While Bathurst wasn't a bad weekend for Bowe by any stretch of the imagination, the event began the late season run of Steve Johnson. Scoring 4,2,2 finishes throughout the weekend was enough for Bowe to maintain the championship lead, however closing quickly was Johnson who took 2 of the 3 victories throughout the weekend at the mountain. Bowe entered the final round with a 5 point lead, however was only able to manage 3rd in both races, making up ground throughout the first half of the track but struggling to keep up with the big Mustang of Johnson and the Camaro of Bressington down the more open sections of the track. The championship went to Johnson who won both races and the image of Bowe congratulating Johnson post-race will be go down as one of Australian motorsports great moments of sportsmanship. As well as TCM racing, Bowe has kept busy piloting a number of different race cars throughout the country this year at a host of different events. Take a look at his Facebook page to keep up to date with all of the incredible cars John gets behind the wheel of – very impressive! What was your favourite moment of the 2017 TCM season? Head over to the Rare Spares Facebook page and let us know in the comments section below.
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Podcasting and YouTube: Media in the Hands of the Enthusiasts
E85 - Sustainable Performance?
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Such an interesting perspective of hexies taken at an angle. You can see it's a flimsy already. This is a quick quilt.
A few of you have asked for more details, and I will gladly show them in the near future. Yes, there are a few Y seams, but no, they're not difficult. I may have a video to show you better than explaining it all. Wouldn't that be nice? This was entirely machine pieced, and again, it is a quick quilt to make.
Carefully and creatively, I used every last inch of my green background fabric from Cotton & Steel in this quilt. I've used this fabric in many quilts because colors just pop off of it.
The last bit is stripped into the pieced backing with the zigzag and elephants. The blue wheels have a spot of green and white in them, and it all fits just perfectly, if not a bit wildly together.
The flimsy, or top, and backing are side by side and ready, and the batting too. All this needs is a tag pinned to it with dimensions, thread choice, and my binding fabric, and I'll add it to the quilting line up.
All these fabrics came from my stash. I love that, and I love this little quilt. By the way, it's very close to a 50" square give or take a few inches. What a perfect play quilt it will be!
I love it!! I'd love to see a video so I can give this a try.
Wow, I love it! This would make a fabulous Christmas tree skirt pattern, just left hexie-shaped.
I love that! So so pretty!
Very outstanding design. It combines modern plus reliance on historical quilts. Love the background fabric. I am always searching for a green like that. How big are the half hexie pieces? What size template did you use?
That is TOO cute! i love that you didn't put the elephants in the center!
Great quilt. What a good use of the scraps from this quilt. Must do more backs that way.
This quilt is darling, Julie! Pinning the pertinent info to the top before you set it aside is a great idea. When I come back to a project I have to waste so much time remeasuring, hunting around wondering whether I already bought backing fabric and binding or not. I need to keep better records like you do!
It's a lot bigger than it looks! I...don't....know....the stitching together looks pretty complicated to me!
Wow! That came together fast! Congrats on finding a fun project to play with and actually finishing it too. The back is almost as fun as the front. I love that little strip of elephants.


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Headquarters: Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
Often featured in: americanbankingnews.com
Topics: Business, Management, and Apple
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Build relationships with First Hawaiian Bank. Never miss an update. Join Nudge.ai. Join Nudge.ai to access target accounts and measure relationship strength. Get Started
First Hawaiian Bank Account Brief
First Hawaiian Bank is a financial institution.
First Hawaiian Bank Recent News Mentions
americanbankingnews.com Oct. 6, 2019
First Hawaiian Bank Buys 1,400 Shares Of American Tower Corp (NYSE:AMT)
First Hawaiian Bank boosted its stake in shares of American Tower Corp (NYSE:AMT) by 23.6% in the third quarter, according to the company in its most recent Form 13F filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The firm owned 7,336 shares of the real estate investment trust's stock after purchasing an additional 1,400 shares […]
First Hawaiian Bank Raises Holdings In Total SA (NYSE:TOT)
First Hawaiian Bank lifted its holdings in shares of Total SA (NYSE:TOT) by 7.7% in the 3rd quarter, according to its most recent Form 13F filing with the SEC. The firm owned 33,831 shares of the oil and gas exploration company's stock after buying an additional 2,429 shares during the period. First Hawaiian Bank's holdings […]
Lockheed Martin Co. (NYSE:LMT) Stock Holdings Raised By First Hawaiian Bank
First Hawaiian Bank raised its stake in Lockheed Martin Co. (NYSE:LMT) by 16.8% in the 3rd quarter, according to its most recent filing with the SEC. The fund owned 5,523 shares of the aerospace company's stock after purchasing an additional 795 shares during the period. First Hawaiian Bank's holdings in Lockheed Martin were worth $2,155,000 […]
First Hawaiian Bank Buys 4,581 Shares Of Yum! Brands, Inc. (NYSE:YUM)
First Hawaiian Bank grew its stake in Yum! Brands, Inc. (NYSE:YUM) by 25.9% in the 3rd quarter, according to its most recent filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The fund owned 22,289 shares of the restaurant operator's stock after purchasing an additional 4,581 shares during the period. First Hawaiian Bank's holdings in Yum! […]
First Hawaiian Bank Has $1.84 Million Stake In Starbucks Co. (NASDAQ:SBUX)
First Hawaiian Bank decreased its holdings in shares of Starbucks Co. (NASDAQ:SBUX) by 20.9% in the 3rd quarter, according to the company in its most recent disclosure with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The institutional investor owned 20,785 shares of the coffee company's stock after selling 5,476 shares during the quarter. First Hawaiian Bank's holdings […]
Gilead Sciences, Inc. (NASDAQ:GILD) Shares Bought By First Hawaiian Bank
First Hawaiian Bank grew its position in shares of Gilead Sciences, Inc. (NASDAQ:GILD) by 14.7% during the third quarter, according to its most recent Form 13F filing with the Securities & Exchange Commission. The institutional investor owned 37,469 shares of the biopharmaceutical company's stock after purchasing an additional 4,813 shares during the period. First Hawaiian […]
First Hawaiian Bank Raises Holdings In Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. (NYSE:CMG)
First Hawaiian Bank lifted its holdings in shares of Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. (NYSE:CMG) by 385.2% in the third quarter, according to the company in its most recent filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The institutional investor owned 2,387 shares of the restaurant operator's stock after purchasing an additional 1,895 shares during the […]
First Hawaiian Bank Sells 721 Shares Of Lululemon Athletica Inc. (NASDAQ:LULU)
First Hawaiian Bank cut its position in shares of Lululemon Athletica inc. (NASDAQ:LULU) by 6.3% during the 3rd quarter, according to its most recent disclosure with the Securities & Exchange Commission. The institutional investor owned 10,650 shares of the apparel retailer's stock after selling 721 shares during the quarter. First Hawaiian Bank's holdings in Lululemon […]
First Hawaiian Bank Decreases Holdings In Sherwin-Williams Co (NYSE:SHW)
First Hawaiian Bank lowered its position in Sherwin-Williams Co (NYSE:SHW) by 8.2% in the 3rd quarter, according to the company in its most recent filing with the SEC. The fund owned 3,230 shares of the specialty chemicals company's stock after selling 288 shares during the quarter. First Hawaiian Bank's holdings in Sherwin-Williams were worth $1,776,000 […]
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Executives and decision-makers at First Hawaiian Bank
Nudge.ai's relationship intelligence platform can help you find the right executive to reach out to at First Hawaiian Bank, such as Neill Char, Senior Vice President Private Banking and Wealth Advisory Division Manager, or Derek Wong, Vice President. Then get in touch and start a conversation.
Neill Char Senior Vice President Private Banking And Wealth Advisory Division Manager
Derek Wong Vice President
Carol Ono Senior Vice President, Operations Research And Development
Joyce Borthwick Senior Vice President & Chief Compliance Officer
Guy Shindo Senior Vice President Branch Real Estate
Alyssa Hostelley VP Business Services
Derek Baughman EVP, IT Division Manager
Mark Kobayashi Vice President
Robert Harrison Chairman & Chief Executive Officer
Al Yamada Excfo
Niels Taylor Information Security Risk Officer
Wayne Suehiro
Iris Matsumoto Executive Vice President Human Resources
Gary Caulfield EVP Information Mgmt/Operations
Connie He Compliance Officer
Connectors at First Hawaiian Bank
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Brian Moriki AVP & Manager - OSD Records Management
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Companies that socially overlap with First Hawaiian Bank
Ascent Private Capital Management
Wells Fargo Mortgage
Topics frequently mentioned alongside First Hawaiian Bank
When First Hawaiian Bank is mentioned in the news, Nudge.ai often sees topics like Business, and Management. If your conversation focuses on these topics, you'll probably get First Hawaiian Bank's attention.
Companies frequently mentioned alongside First Hawaiian Bank
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Bank Of Hawaii
Macquarie Group
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


RJ Health Systems will be exhibiting at several healthcare trade shows Spring 2017. Remember to stop by and visit our booth to learn how we can help your organization gain greater transparency into your medical drug spend.
Convenes decision makers from all sectors of health care to catalyze meaningful partnerships and change. In 2017, faculty focus on policy and market forces impacting the health care business environment including consolidation, consumer empowerment, digital health, and the ongoing shift to value-based payment. Network with payer, provider, employer, life sciences, and policy professionals who are leading the way in transforming health care delivery and payment.
Where: Washington Marriott Wardman Park Hotel, Washington D.C.
We offer a proprietary methodology and related solutions for reducing medical drug spend. We provide industry standard pricing, coding, dosing, weight, age, gender and diagnosis information for those drugs administered in professional settings. Using our uniform product suite of tools, analyses, and data, we help you save time and money.
Our mission is to provide transparency through industry standard specialty drug data that supports Payor/Provider alignment on Medical benefit drug reimbursement policy, claims analysis, care management and network management decisions.
We offer solutions that guide our clients' management of drug trend in the most efficient way.
Analytics on unit cost (fees/costs/pricing) and clinical utilization to analyze, forecast and manage upward drug spend trends.
Visit our booth or rjhealthsystems.com to learn more!


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October 17, 2017 Linh PhamAudio Clips
Clips from the No Point Conversion portion of the show will be posted at a later date.
Andrew: "Don't, don't bald-shame me"
Andrew: Drawn out "Me too"
Andrew: "Duffly!"
Andrew: "Happy Dumptober to you"
Andrew: "Hey, Luke… how are you? How are you?"
Andrew: "I had a kind of a similar… no, I had like the polar opposite. Wait, similar or polar opposite? Choose one."
Andrew: "I have a lot of thoughts!"
Andrew: "I have no room for that in my life"
Andrew: "I was feeling like a real grumpy… Gus"
Andrew: "I'm a little befuddled"
Andrew: "Is this part of the War on Trucktober?"
Andrew: "It's goddamn bumper cars out there!"
Andrew: "Just shut up!"
Andrew: "Shirt off. New shirt on. Socks off. New socks on."
Andrew: Singing "Who else is gonna give you… broken arrow"
Andrew: "So… cold!"
Andrew: "They make… tools exactly for this!"
Andrew: "Who else is gonna give you… broken arrow. Why you making me sing? Walsh… what do we talk about: No singing."
Andrew and Luke: Meandery: Possible podcast network name?
Andrew and Luke: "Would you like it better or worse if it was called, 'Filthy John'? Ooh, worse"
Luke: "Alright, what do we got, buddy?"
Luke: "But, I usually listen to the radio or something else; and, we now have a Bluetooth dongle thanks, shout out to Linh Pham"
Luke: "Hempy, happy, hampy… Dubtover… I think is the… the customary greeting"
Luke: "I'm doing all of this… mid-change; and so, I think my mind got a little scrambled. I started to focus more on Husky football than on… you know, the fact that I was borderline nude in a public parking lot"
Luke: "I'm the guy with a… miniature can of Diet Coke around here"
Luke: "It's apropos of absolutely nothing"
Luke: "That's not true. Is it true?"
Luke: "The Bay City"
Luke: "You reverse your bald spot?"
Luke and Andrew: "A car with, like, four ladies in their twenties pulled up. Oh, really? They got a good… good glance at the Lukles? No, thank god!"
Luke and Andrew: "That's not true. Is it true? I can't, I can't… answer this"
Luke and Andrew: "What's… I think… worth noting is, I celebrate Dumptover… twelve months out of the year. Wait, Dumptover!?"


The Mausoleum might very well have the strongest effect of all wonders in 7Wonders Duel, but it requires a skilled player to use it optimally.
The Mausoleum lets the player who builds it obtain a card from the graveyard for free. The graveyard in 7Wonders Duel is filled with the cards that players didn't buy during the game. Often, the graveyard is filled with expensive cards, because players tend to refrain from buying a card if they find it too expensive.
The Mausoleum effect is so strong, because it burdens your opponent with the task of keeping the graveyard empty. Or at least, your opponent has to think twice before he sends powerful military cards or science cards to the graveyard, because you threaten to bring it back later with your Mausoleum. Thus, merely the threat of your Mausoleum forces your opponent to buy many expensive cards, to prevent that you can obtain these expensive cards for free. This places a heavy economic burden on your opponent.
However, in some games your opponent has such a strong economy, consisting of many resources card and commercial cards, that he can manage to keep all expensive cards out the graveyard without any major expense. And if your own economy is strong too, the Mausoleum effect will be very underwhelming, because your opponent and you will simply buy all the powerful cards and there won't be any cards to bring back from the graveyard.
To prevent that the graveyard remains empty, you must thus make sure that your and your opponent's economies are weak. The weaker your economies, the more cards you will both send to the graveyard, and thus the stronger your Mausoleum effect will be.
Making sure that your opponent and you have weak economies is actually quite easy in 7Wonders Duel. Players are often faced with the choice to make both players better off, or both players worse off. For example, if you primarily need wood for your wonders and your opponent needs primarily stone, and you can choose between taking a wood resource card or a stone resource card, what do you do? If you have the Mausoleum, you leave the wood for your opponent and you take the stone! This way, your opponent and you will both need more money to build your wonders, and thus you will have less money available to buy other cards, Thus, you must send more cards to the graveyard, and this charges your Mausoleum effect.
These choices between making both players better off or making both players worse off occur all the time in 7Wonders Duel. If you have a papyrus and your opponent a glass, and you get to choose between a papyrus and a glass, you can take the papyrus and leave the glass for your opponent to make both players worse off. You typically won't need more than one of these kinds of resources, thus both players benefit very little from their extra resource. Whereas, if you would have taken the glass an let the papyrus for your opponent, both players would benefit a lot from their resource. Generally, if both players monopolize one resource, they need to spend a lot more money during the game than if they share the resources equally.
Thus, next time you have the Mausoleum, engage in a trade war to trigger an economic recession and reap the benefits!
> Click here to buy 7Wonders Duel and try out this Mausoleum trade war strategy!


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Ethiopia demands 'fair and serious' talks to return to negotiating table over disputed Nile dam: Ethiopian FM
Mahmoud Aziz , Tuesday 17 Mar 2020
Ethiopian Foreign Minister Gedu says resolving the long-running dispute with Egypt over its giant dam on the River Nile requires 'strong political will" from Egypt
Water flows through Ethiopia's Grand Renaissance Dam (GERD) as it undergoes construction work on the river Nile in Guba Woreda, Ethiopia , September 26, 2019 (Photo: Reuters)
Egypt's Sisi discusses Nile dam with Sudan's Sovereignty Council leader Dagalo
Egypt's Sisi sends message to France's Macron on Nile dam negotiations
Ethiopia not seeking a deal on Nile dam and not offering an alternative: Egyptian minister
Ethiopia demands "serious and fair" talks in order to return to the negotiating table with Egypt and Sudan over its giant dam project on the River Nile, Ethiopian Foreign Minister Gedu Andargachew said.
In an interview with China Global Television Network CGTN, Gedu said resolving the dispute over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD requires a "strong political will" from the Egyptian side.
Tensions between Ethiopia and Egypt over the $4.8 billion dam were building up after Addis Ababa did not attend the latest round of US-sponsored talks held in Washington in late February, which were expected to generate a final deal. It cited the need for more time for further domestic consultations.
Only Egypt initialed an agreement crafted by the US over the filling and operation of the dam, while Ethiopia and Sudan did not.
Ethiopia said it plans to commence filling the dam's reservoir in July, though outstanding issues over the filling and operation of the dam remain unsolved.
"The solution for disagreement again is negotiations. We demand serious and fair talks to take place for us to return to the table once again. The only chance we have is to agree on this. For this, strong political will from the Egyptian side is needed," Gedu said in the interview, a clip of which was published by the foreign ministry on Monday.
Following Ethiopia's absence from the Washington talks, Egypt accused it of deliberately not attending to "hinder the path of negotiations".
Ethiopia hopes the mega project, which is now around 71% complete, will make it Africa's biggest power exporter. But Cairo fears the project will restrict supplies of the Nile waters, on which it is almost entirely dependent.
Gedu said the mega project is key to his country's efforts to eliminate poverty and overcome its acute shortage of electricity.
"In Ethiopia, more than 65 million citizens live without electricity and the investors we are inviting to help us defeat poverty are suffering from insufficient power supply, preventing industries from bearing fruit, and hundreds of factories are affected by this," Gedu said.
"Every year, hundreds of thousands of Ethiopians graduate from high schools and universities, its mandatory to create jobs for these young people," he said. "The key for [resolving] all these problems is found in the completion of Renaissance Dam project."
Gedu emphasized that Ethiopia, nevertheless, never sought to solely benefit from the Nile water.
"Though the source of most of the Nile water can be located in Ethiopia and even with over 85 percent of the water contributed by Ethiopia, Ethiopia not a single day said we have to benefit from this water alone," he said. "The water of the Nile belongs to Ethiopians, Egyptians, Sudanese and people of other Nile basin countries."
"We give full recognition for the right of basin nations to use the water and we properly understand our right of using the Nile water responsibly," Gedu said.
Gedu has slammed the Arab League's push to resolve the row with Egypt over the dam as "unacceptable", after the pan-Arab bloc earlier this month adopted a draft resolution supporting Egypt's stance on the dispute.
Sudan insisted its name be removed from the resolution, saying it "does not serve the spirit of dialogue and negotiations", drawing Cairo's criticism which said Sudan sought to "weaken the effect of the resolution."
"The [Arab] League's intervention and promotion of conflict on a matter that is not even concluded yet between the three countries is unacceptable", the Ethiopian minister said.
The bloc had a chance to use this situation to strengthen ties between the Horn of Africa and the Middle East, he said
"We believe the Arab League can still positively impact the differences between Ethiopia and Egypt. The Arab league should have a role to promote solidarity among countries in the Eastern African region and the Middle East based on mutual cooperation."
Ahram Online
Ethiopian Dam
Nile Dam Talks
GERD dispute


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David McKinley & Jan Schakowsky
Compare the voting records of David McKinley and Jan Schakowsky in 2013-14.
David McKinley
Represented West Virginia's 1st Congressional District. This was his 2nd term in the House. He is a current member of Congress.
Represented Illinois's 9th Congressional District. This was her 8th term in the House. She is a current member of Congress.
David McKinley and Jan Schakowsky are from different parties and disagreed on 72 percent of votes in the 113th Congress (2013-14).
Dec. 11, 2014 — An Act to require the Secretary of the Interior to assemble a team of experts to address the energy needs of the insular areas of the United States and Freely Associated States through the development of energy action plans aimed at promoting access to energy
April 10, 2014 — Establishing the budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2015 and setting forth appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2016 through 2024
Nov. 13, 2013 — Furthering Asbestos Claim Transparency (FACT) Act of 2013
April 12, 2013 — Preventing Greater Uncertainty in Labor-Management Relations Act
On Agreeing to the Concurrent Resolution
March 21, 2013 — Establishing the budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2014 and setting forth appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2015 through 2023
Jan. 15, 2013 — Making supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2013, and for other purposes
July 16, 2014 — Blackburn of Tennessee First Amendment
July 10, 2014 — Hudson of North Carolina Amendment
July 10, 2014 — Blackburn of Tennessee Amendment No. 22
July 10, 2014 — King of Iowa Amendment
July 10, 2014 — DeLauro of Connecticut Amendment
July 10, 2014 — McClintock of California Amendment
July 9, 2014 — McClintock of California Amendment
July 9, 2014 — Byrne of Alabama Amendment
July 9, 2014 — Gosar of Arizona Amendment
June 20, 2014 — Franks of Arizona Amendment
June 20, 2014 — Gosar of Arizona First Amendment
June 19, 2014 — Ellison of Minnesota Amendment
June 11, 2014 — Broun of Georgia Third Amendment
June 11, 2014 — Duncan of Tennessee Amendment
June 11, 2014 — Broun of Georgia Second Amendment
June 10, 2014 — Gingrey of Georgia Amendment No. 29
June 10, 2014 — Sessions of Texas Amendment
June 10, 2014 — Blackburn of Tennessee Amendment No. 1
June 10, 2014 — Daines of Montana Amendment
June 10, 2014 — Hartzler of Missouri Amendment
June 10, 2014 — Broun of Georgia First Amendement
June 9, 2014 — Chabot of Ohio Amendment
June 9, 2014 — Broun of Georgia Amendment
May 30, 2014 — Ellison of Minnesota Amendment
May 30, 2014 — Bonamici of Oregon Amendment
May 30, 2014 — Blackburn of Tennessee Amendment No. 14
May 29, 2014 — Austin Scott of Georgia Amendment
May 29, 2014 — Thompson of California Amendment
May 29, 2014 — Pompeo of Kansas Amendment
May 22, 2014 — Jenkins of Kansas Part A Amendment No. 15
May 9, 2014 — Castor of Florida Part A Amendment No. 3
April 28, 2014 — To amend the National Law Enforcement Museum Act to extend the termination date
April 28, 2014 — To amend the Act entitled
April 10, 2014 — Woodall of Georgia Substitute Amendment No. 4
Feb. 5, 2014 — Sportmen
Jan. 27, 2014 — To provide for the conveyance of a small parcel of National Forest System land in Los Padres National Forest in California, and for other purposes
July 24, 2013 — Kilmer of Washington Amendment No. 67
July 9, 2013 — Broun of Georgia Amendment
June 20, 2013 — McClintock of California Part B Amendment No. 43
June 19, 2013 — Kaptur of Ohio Part B Amendment No. 14
June 19, 2013 — Broun of Georgia Part B Amendment No. 5
June 13, 2013 — Rigell of Virginia Part B Amendment No. 9
June 5, 2013 — Ryan of Ohio Amendment
June 5, 2013 — Garrett of New Jersey Amendment
June 5, 2013 — Bishop of New York Amendment
June 4, 2013 — King of Iowa Amendment
April 9, 2013 — To authorize the acquisition and protection of nationally significant battlefields and associated sites of the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812 under the American Battlefield Protection Program
Jan. 15, 2013 — Rogers of Kentucky Part A Substitute Amendment
Jan. 15, 2013 — Mulvaney of South Carolina Part B Amendment


 Good luck with the Defense Attorney resume sample.
Good luck with the Managing Attorney resume sample.
So take a look at some of the attorney resume samples you can find online and make your record stands out so you don't wind up filed under G for garbage.
Attorneys that have already established their careers might also be looking to move from one law firm to another or would like to work as a corporate attorney for a different company. Where recent graduates will want to highlight their achievements and beginning work experience, older professionals should seek to illustrate the various accomplishments they have achieved during their professional career. Regardless of the different stages these individuals might be at in their career there are some common things that should be included in any attorney's resume. If you are having a particularly difficult time writing an attorney resume, there is a lot of attorney resume samples available online to help you get started.
Pick up one attorney resume sample and add your own information and finally do not forget to attach a cover letter to it.


text:
Грінвілл () — місто () в США, в окрузі Флойд штату Індіана. Населення — 595 осіб (2010).

Географія
Грінвілл розташований за координатами  (38.371536, -85.984733).  За даними Бюро перепису населення США в 2010 році місто мало площу 2,02 км², з яких 2,02 км² — суходіл та 0,00 км² — водойми.

Демографія

Згідно з переписом 2010 року, у місті мешкало 595 осіб у 219 домогосподарствах у складі 162 родин. Густота населення становила 295 осіб/км².  Було 241 помешкання (119/км²).

Расовий склад населення:

До двох чи більше рас належало 0,8 %. Частка іспаномовних становила 2,0 % від усіх жителів.

За віковим діапазоном населення розподілялося таким чином: 26,9 % — особи молодші 18 років, 61,2 % — особи у віці 18—64 років, 11,9 % — особи у віці 65 років та старші. Медіана віку мешканця становила 39,4 року. На 100 осіб жіночої статі у місті припадало 104,5 чоловіків;  на 100 жінок у віці від 18 років та старших — 91,6 чоловіків також старших 18 років.

Середній дохід на одне домашнє господарство  становив  доларів США (медіана — ), а середній дохід на одну сім'ю —  доларів (медіана — ). Медіана доходів становила  доларів для чоловіків та  доларів для жінок. За межею бідності перебувало 8,4 % осіб, у тому числі 10,7 % дітей у віці до 18 років та 6,0 % осіб у віці 65 років та старших.

Цивільне працевлаштоване населення становило 345 осіб. Основні галузі зайнятості: освіта, охорона здоров'я та соціальна допомога — 14,2 %, транспорт — 13,3 %, науковці, спеціалісти, менеджери — 10,4 %, виробництво — 10,1 %.

Примітки

Джерела

Містечка Індіани
Населені пункти округу Флойд (Індіана)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Control for education and you see an even stronger negative correlation between religious adherence and Trump vote—when you exclude the 10 most educated counties in Iowa, the predictive value of religious adherence more than doubles. With this control in place, about 13 percent of the variation in Trump vote in the Iowa caucuses can be explained by differences in religious adherence.
Timothy P. Carney is commentary editor of the Washington Examiner and author of Alienated America: Why Some Places Thrive While Others Collapse.
I was perplexed when early polls following the 2016 election and quick-on-the-draw pundits said evangelical voters were a main reason Trump won; event some saying the primary reason he won.
After working in a fairly in depth way with thousands of churches all across the nation as a senior staff person with two well respected evangelical non-profits, and more recently much deeper with churches in Snohomish County WA, my fairly well-informed anecdotally-fed-view was that most "regular church going" Protestants and Catholics, even conservatives and evangelicals, were not the Trump voting block they were made out to be.
Your excellent piece of research, analysis and journalism verifies my view. I am relieved.
Your research should be as troubling to folks on the far right as is to those on the far left. However, most of these fellow citizens are not for the most part into reading anything more than sound bites that support their own closely held beliefs.
How I long for thoughtful, civil discourse and debate and well thought out journalism.
This is a very perceptive article. Trump rallies are revival meetings without Jesus. I wonder how this will play out in 2020?


text:
Omar Metwally
"Art is important to me because it connects us to each other. It gives us a sense of shared experience and broadens our imaginations as to what is possible.
Teaching art is important because it can open up so many new possibilities in a kid's life. Art can be an ongoing source of creativity, joy and resilience."
Omar Metwally is an actor and director best known for his roles in Showtime's The Affair, New Line Cinema's Rendition, Steven Spielberg's Munich, and USA Network's Mr. Robot.
Metwally was born in Queens, New York and later moved to Orange Country, California at age 3. While there, Metwally earned a Master of Fine Arts in Acting from the American Conservatory Theater, San Francisco.
Currently, Metwally plays the charming Dr. Vik Ullah in Showtime's The Affair, alongside Dominic West and Maura Tierney. Metwally has appeared in seasons 2 and 3 of the show and will also be appearing in season 4, to be released in 2018.
In addition to starring in The Affair, Metwally has also recurred for the past two seasons on USA's Mr Robot as Santiago, a devious double-agent working for both the FBI and Dark Army.
Recently, Metwally appeared in Harmoney Productions' Breakable You as Samir Kamali, alongside Holly Hunter and Tony Shalhoub, which premiered at the Palm Springs International Film Festival on January 7th, 2017. He was also recently seen in Josh Marston's Complete Unknown, released in 2016, alongside Rachel Weisz and Michael Shannon.In January of 2014, Metwally appeared in Universal Picture's action-thriller Non-Stop with Julianne Moore and Liam Neeson.In 2010, he was seen as Hani in Julian Schnabel's film Miral.
In 2007, Metwally appeared as Anwar El-Ibrahimi in New Line Cinema's Rendition, one of his most well-known roles. Metwally appeared alongside Meryl Streep, Reese Witherspoon, and Jake Gyllenhaal. Metwally won the Chopard Trophy at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival in recognition of his work in Rendition.
In 2005, Metwally appeared as Ali in Steven Spielberg's Munich, with Eric Bana and Daniel Craig. The film received multiple Oscar nominations, including for Best Picture.
On stage, Metwally originated the role of Humayun in Guards at the Taj by Rajiv Joseph at the Atlantic Theater in NYC, which in 2016 won the Obie Award for Best New American Play, and the Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding New Play. Metwally himself also received an Obie Award for his performance in the play. He is currently appearing in a re-mount of the show at Steppenwolf Theater in Chicago.
In 2003 he appeared on Broadway in Sixteen Wounded, receiving a Tony Award nomination for his performance.
Recently Metwally also starred in the Off-Broadway Lincoln Center production of How to Transcend a Happy Marriage written by Sarah Ruhl, alongside Marisa Tomei.
In addition to his many stage and film roles, Metwally has also appeared on television as a guest star on Grey's Anatomy, DIG, The Slap, Fringe, Harry's Law, and The Good Wife, among others.
In addition to receiving a Master of Fine Arts in Acting, Metwally has also received a Bachelor of Arts in History from the University of California, Berkeley.
Omar currently resides in New York City.
-omarmetwally.com
Upcoming Programs:
White Earth Reservation, United States of America
OBRAMOR – Acting Workshops
The Orphaned Starfish Foundation – October 2018


text:
Precarious Transitions: Mobility and Citizenship in a Rising Power
Over the summer of 2020, millions of migrants streamed out of Indian cities in the wake of the ill-planned lockdown announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 24 March 2020. The most conservative estimates suggest 30 million internal migrants in India (Ministry of Finance, Government of India 2018: 267). More realistic estimates peg the numbers at 140 million (Rajan et al 2020). If even half the most conservative figures are trekking back home, we are likely to be witness to the forced migration of at least 15 million people criss-crossing the country to get back to their homes. These numbers most likely dwarf the migrations wrought by the partition, estimated between 10 and 12 million people. At a time, millions have been cut adrift by the Indian state, we need to urgently reflect on what it means to be a citizen.
What meanings do citizenship hold for mobile populations? As a theoretical concept and a juridical category, citizenship is firmly anchored in assumptions of fixed territories and bounded populations. Several of these assumptions are challenged by political and economic transitions that mark the contemporary world. While some aspects of these transitions, such as political democracy and economic growth have contributed to unprecedented movement of people across local, regional and international borders, others, such as burgeoning inequalities and sedentary conceptions of the political community have rendered these transitions precarious.
India's 100 million circular labour migrants exemplify this "precarious transition." The country produces dollar billionaires rising at the rate of 17 per year. Yet, more than 800 million Indians eke out a living on less than $2 a day. India's democracy, imperfect as it is, has contributed to shaking the hierarchies that underpinned its social landscape for at least a millennium. But political and institutional constraints on people's mobility remain, made possible by a sedentary conception of citizenship that does not take into account the mobile character of the population. Such constraints exacerbate socio-economic inequalities and poor people's vulnerabilities.
The Precarious Transitions research project explored internal migration in India against the backdrop of rapid but uneven economic growth, political change and social transformation. The project design was multi-sited, reflecting the multilocational reality experienced by itinerant labour migrants. The ethnographic component of the research entailed that my research team worked closely with select families in a single village in the State of Bihar. While two researchers circulated along with migrant labourers between different localities for work, a third focused on the family members of the migrants who stayed back in the village. In addition, the study combined two surveys, covering 10,000 households, which gathered primary data from multiple "source" and "destination" locations, with group discussions conducted in almost 20 locations across India.
Brick by BRIC
Ankur Jaiswal, 4 December 2016
Poonch, Jammu and Kashmir
Labourers from Bihar construct a primary school in the erstwhile northern state of Jammu and Kashmir. Internal migrants lay the foundations for India's rapid economic growth, enabling the country to join the emerging BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) economies.
A major component of the research was implemented in Bihar, whose 100 million people contribute significantly to the growing ranks of India's labour migrants. The issue was raised in the election campaign of the state's opposition parties in the just-concluded Vidhan Sabha elections. The post-poll survey conducted by the Centre for Study of Developing Societies–Lokniti suggests that migrant households, who made up 42% of their sample, preferred the opposition Mahagathbandhan (MGB) alliance over the ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA) by 5% points.
Atul Anand, 10 June 2016
Araria, Bihar
Workers in the eastern state of Bihar board minibuses to railway stations from where they will take trains to destinations often over 2,000 kilometres to the south and west of the country. Family members see them off before returning to their own domestic and waged labours.
Sleepover at the Station
Atul Anand, 31-07-2016
Saharsa, Bihar
Workers in Bihar wait to board trains to destinations often over 2,000 kilometres to the south and west of the country. In the absence of proper night shelters, they sleep on the railway platforms during their wait.
The Man in White
Ankur Jaiswal, 28-05-2016
On the train through north India
Men, women and children journey from eastern India to destinations in the country's more prosperous north-western states. A labour contractor (such as the man in white) mediates between them and potential employers.
Escaping Caste: An Emerging "Rurban Cosmopolitanism"
The study departs from structuralist and culturalist explanations of labour mobility that either emphasise the salience of economic "pull" and "push" factors or highlight the importance of shared norms and values that supposedly motivate people to migrate. Rather the research situates migration from Bihar in the context of political change witnessed in the state during the 1990s which shook a calcified social structure and incubated ideas of social justice which in turn spurred people's hopes for dignified lives. The study finds that migration is important for rural Biharis because it offers them the chance to move beyond the occupations and relationships that in their home villages are determined by caste.
Indeed, the overwhelming majority of the people who iterate between different locations in India affiliate with historically oppressed communities, collectively known as Dalit Bahujans. These communities are driven by internal distinctions and have been labelled as 'primitive', 'low caste' and as 'untouchable'. Caste is writ large across each panel presented in this journey.
Markets on the Move
Atul Anand, 23 November 2016
Vegetable vendors in towns across the north-western state of Punjab ply their wares on handcarts. They wheel their carts through the town by day and set up shop in allocated markets till late into the night.
The research points to the ways in which Dalit Bahujan migrants combine different occupational identities—such as that of labourer and employer, and of industrial worker and agricultural farmer. Their political engagements straddle their rural and urban locations.
Imagining a Dignified Future
Atul Anand, 4 August 2016
Workers congregate in squares across India to hire out their labour to the highest bidder. A billboard to honour B R Ambedkar, India's foremost champion of social equality in the 20th century, reminds them not to give up on their imagination of a dignified future.
Their repeated circulations between town and country make both these locales familiar to them, signalling an emerging "rurban cosmopolitanism."
Circulations I
Atul Anand, 12 September 2016
Many workers return to their villages after receiving wages. Others remit monies through family, friends and neighbours. Although workers increasingly use financial institutions to route remittances, people continue to rely heavily on social networks.
Urban Worker and Rural Farmer
Zaheeb Ajmal, 19 March 2017
Gyanesh Mandal, who returned from the state of Kerala a few months ago, inspects his family's sunflower crop. Gyanesh works as a floor assistant in a factory that manufactures shoes. Gyanesh plans to return as soon as the crop is harvested.
Labourer and Employer
Zaheeb Ajmal, 29 July 2016
Kapuri Rishi supervises labourers who transplant paddy saplings on his farm. He works on the production line in a factory producing gas cylinders. His wages from labouring in a Bengaluru factory allows him to hire labourers for this arduous task.
Circulations II
Ankur Jaiswal, 27 May 2016
Khagaria, Bihar
Millions of workers across India circulate between town and country throughout the year. India's extensive railway system serves as a lifeline for labour migrants as they travel to and from their homes and destinations of work.
Circular Capitalism
A vendor at an open-air spice market sells his wares to customers. Earnings from sales in rural markets help people to save in order to migrate, just as remittances from vending elsewhere enables them to market their wares in rural markets. Such "circular capitalisms" are commonplace across India and, arguably, most of the world.
Sedentary Citizenship: The Antinomies of Freedom
The study highlights the vulnerability and marginalisation of migrant workers. Social and political rights in India are not portable. The country's elaborate social protection regime hinges on the provision of entitlements to sedentary populations and excludes mobile people. Likewise, voting rights in the country remain tied to people's villages of origin, effectively disenfranchising labour who are not always able to be present in their villages during elections. Key dimensions of citizenship—the rights to social entitlements, such as food subsidies and their right to vote—are invalidated the moment they leave their rural homes, where these entitlements are registered. Such a sedentary conception of social and political citizenship effectively restricts the population's mobility. Coupled with the precariousness of informal employment in which labour migrants find themselves, the research points to the "immobile foundations of labour mobility" in India.
Ankur Jaiswal, 29 December 2016
A typical shack in which migrant labourers across India live. Between 10 and 12 workers from Bihar lodged here through the winter of 2016 when temperatures plunged to less than 2°C.
Ankur Jaiswal, 28 June 2016
Lodgings of construction workers hired on casual contracts by the state government to build a university. Several groups of up to eight transient labourers lived here in quick succession through the summer of 2016, when temperatures touched 40°C.
Ankur Jaiswal, 10 September 2016
Workers at a construction site gather around their labour contractor to receive wages. Contractors often advance cash to workers, adjusting these against wages. Workers' dependence on contractors means that workers rarely ever know their employers.
Visible Risk, Invisible Despair
Omkar Gupta, 18 December 2017
A migrant from Faizabad in Uttar Pradesh, Omkar Gupta sustained a serious injury while using the rubber moulding machine in a factory. The machines had no sensor, and the workers were not provided with any safety gear. Accidents and deaths are an everyday reality of several migrant workers. Seeking compensation under the Workmen's Compensation Act is considered a privilege.
Below the Bare
Shreyas Sawant, 18 December 2017
Migrant workers employed in Mumbai's manufacturing and recycling clock in 12-14 hours of work daily. They earn less than the minimum wages declared by the government. In this bangle-coating unit in Mumbai's bustling Taar Gully area, workers who are mainly from the eastern states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar earn Rs 6,000 a month. Some units also employ children below the age of 14 years.
Hanging by a Thread
Jitendra Pandey, 18 December 2017
Jitendra Yadav works in a denim garment factory on Khairani Road in Mumbai. In this industrial, employers and workers boast about manufacturing all goods "from A to Z." The migrants employed in the units here live inside the premises. In several cases, they are not paid overtime wages and are made to live under heavy machinery including boilers.
Labour migrants do not only construct buildings, fire brick kilns, manufacture footwear, drive buses, but also sweep floors, clean trucks, sew clothes and deliver goods. They are indispensable to its economic growth. Their iteration across the country makes the idea of India a concrete reality. They build India from below.
Constructing the City
Ankur Jaiswal, 9 June 2016
Migrant workers are critical to the success of India's construction sector, which underpins the country's rapid urban growth. Despite this, their employment remains precarious, contracts are unheard of, and they rely on employers and contractors for basic provisions like food and shelter.
Atul Anand, 16 April 2017
Migrant workers are the backbone of flour mills such as this one, where wheat and paddy from the countryside are processed for consumption by India's burgeoning middle class. They work over 12 hours a day and are allowed only one holiday a month.
Behind the Discarded
Rameshchandra Prajapati, 18 December 2017
Recycling is one of the most prosperous industries in Mumbai city, which provides employment to a large population of migrants. Every spare part is further pushed back into multiple product manufacturing chains. Here, Prajapati, a migrant from Basti in Uttar Pradesh, documents the workings of the metal scrap industry.
Inside the Tinderbox
Tushar Shetty, 18 December 2017
Factories in the city's industrial area are tinderboxes. Tushar Shetty, a juice maker, has documented workers employed in a machine cutting unit. The units are dense, dimly-lit, poorly ventilated and have no provision for drinking water. They also have to pay additional money to use the public toilets that are located nearly a kilometre away from their workspaces.
Everyday Risks
Gokul Sharma, 18 December 2017
A rather rare sight in Kurla's bustling Taar Gully, scaffolding material worker Gokul Sharma has documented a unit where workers are provided with safety gloves. However, workers continue to face the danger of losing their eyesight on account of constant exposure to sparks and heat.
Although migrant workers continue to be reviled and viewed with suspicion across the country, some states are beginning to recognise their contributions. In July 2017, Kerala's Kochi Metro Rail Limited organised an official feast to thank the 800 migrant workers who were employed in the back-breaking job of constructing the metro.
More recently, the state government has initiated the Apna Ghar scheme to provide dormitory-style housing for migrant workers. The government already offers free health care to its migrant workers. In 2010, Kerala became the first state in the country to provide benefits to job-seekers under the aegis of the Kerala Migrant Workers Welfare Scheme.
Apna Ghar (Own House)
Bhavanam Foundation, 7 November 2018
Palakkad, Kerala
A newly constructed housing complex designed to house 600 migrant workers in the State of Kerala. The complex is among the first in a series of dormitories that the State government proposes to build to meet the rising demands of housing by migrant workers.
K Ravi Raman, 21 July 2018
Kerala has emerged as an attractive destination for migrant workers from across India. Emerging research suggests that the factors for the State's attractiveness to migrant workers range from the generous welfare provisions to higher wages and the "respect" accorded to workers in the State. As a State that exports labour to the Gulf countries, Kerala exemplifies the connections between internal and international migration.
Also, in 2010, Punjab became the first state in the country to institute a migrant welfare board aimed at safeguarding the rights of migrant workers in that State. The Government of Maharashtra's Department of Labour has partnered with the non-governmental organisation (NGO) Disha Foundation to initiate a grievance redressal cell dedicated to managing wage-related disputes between migrant workers and their employers. Other state governments such as that of Rajasthan and Gujarat are aided by NGOs such as Aajeevika Bureau who provide legal counselling to migrant workers, thereby enabling them to understand their entitlements under the law.
Nevertheless, the Indian state, which presided over one of the fastest rates of economic growth in the world prior to the onslaught of the pandemic, could have done more.
Precarious Transitions and Disjunctions of Mobility and Citizenship in Postcolonial India
The continued social and political exclusion of circular labour migrants in India point to the antinomies of freedom. On the one hand, they are freer than ever before to journey to the destinations of their choice. But those very same freedoms disqualify them from exercising their social and political rights.
The social and political exclusion of circular labour migrants inhibit the citizenship claims of some of India's most vulnerable people, denying them the very right to have rights. Furthermore, they limit the potential of India's economic growth and stunt her urbanisation. Perhaps most tragically, they prevent workers' migratory journeys from translating into meaningful social mobility, thereby fragmenting possibilities of India's transition into a country whose people enjoy the benefits of economic development and political democracy.
The pandemic exposed the fault lines searing through state and society in India. The lockdown exposed the disjunctions between mobility and citizenship in India, exposing the immobile foundations of the former and the precarious trajectory of the latter. Modi's announcement gave Indians exactly four hours to prepare for the lockdown. With little reliable information available, migrant workers (like everyone else) wanted to be with their families back in their rural homes during such a time of crisis. For many, there was little choice as employment opportunities in the towns shrivelled up, landlords threatened to evict them from their homes due to impending non-payment of rents, and markets shut down without them getting a chance to purchase essential food items necessary for their survival. As transport services shut down, they were compelled to undertake their journeys on foot, traversing many hundreds if not thousands of kilometres to get home.
Over the next few months, national and international newspapers reported horrifying stories of migrant workers being harassed, humiliated and brutalised by the Indian state. One video emerged of the police accosting migrant workers walking from Jammu to Bilaspur through Badaun in Uttar Pradesh1 beating them up and forcing them to continue their journey leaping life frogs. Another emerged of police spraying migrant workers returning to their homes in Uttar Pradesh's Bareilly district ordered to strip and then being sprayed with chemical disinfectants purportedly to sanitise them.2
Hundreds of people have died trying to reach their homes (The Wire Staff 2020). Some (like 39-year-old Ranveer Singh) collapsed due to exhaustion, having walked 200 kilometres on foot under 35 degrees Celsius. Others (such as 18-year-old Lauram Bhagora) were run over by speeding vehicles on Indian highways. A one-year-old baby was among four people killed in a fire as they walked through a forest since no motorised transport was available. In May, 16 migrants were mowed down by a speeding train when they fell asleep on train tracks due to exhaustion. More recently, migrant workers aboard the special Shramik Trains initiated by the government died of hunger and dehydration since neither food nor water was available. A woman on one of those trains died soon after alighting her destination station also due to hunger and dehydration; a gut-wrenching video has been circulating of her little toddler trying desperately to wake her.
Although the Indian economy is critically dependent on the country's millions of migrant labourers, the state in India remains suspicious of its internal migrant workforce. In "normal times," it seeks to politically and socially exclude them despite their Indian citizenship. Mobility promises members of historically oppressed communities an escape from caste but their precarious livelihoods disclose the immobile foundations of mobility. The pandemic has exacerbated this tendency and revealed the precarious trajectory of citizenship among migrant workers in India.
1. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-lockdown-do-frog-jumps-cops-punish-violators-in-rajasthan-up/videoshow/74834381.cms
2. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/city/lucknow/covid-19-shocker-bleach-sprayed-on-migrants-in-ups-bareilly/videoshow/74899380.cms
Irudaya Rajan, S, Sivakumar, P and Srinivasan, A (2020): "The COVID-19 Pandemic and Internal Labour Migration in India: A 'Crisis of Mobility'," Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 63, pp 1021–39, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00293-8.
Ministry of Finance, Government of India (2018): "Economic Survey 2017-18," Chap 12, pp 267, New Delhi: Government Press, https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/budget2017-2018/es2016-17/echap12.pdf.
The Wire Staff (2020): "22 Migrant Workers, Kin Have Died Trying to Return Home Since the Lockdown Started," Wire, 30 March, https://thewire.in/rights/coronavirus-national-lockdown-migrant-workers-dead.
Precarious transitions is grateful for the generous support, wisdom and love offered to team members by India's circular labour migrants, their families, friends, neighbours and coworkers. The research would not have been possible without the dedication of the ethnographers Ankur Jaiswal, Atul Anand and Zaheeb Ajmal who enriched the project with their sensitive portrayal of the hopes and despairs harboured by their interlocutors.
The Centre for Equity Studies in Delhi provided a warm institutional home for the three ethnographers, without which the research may have been impossible. Harsh Mander's warmth and wisdom continue to inspire this work. The insights offered by colleagues at the Patna-based Asian Development Research Institute were key to understanding the political and socio-economic dynamics underlying labour migration in the much-misunderstood state of Bihar. To Shaibal Gupta, I am grateful for his insights as he explained Bihar's political-economic complexity. PRAXIS colleagues diligently assembled the group discussions with migrant workers across the country while Koshish Charitable Trust and Asian Development Research Institute conducted the surveys in very challenging conditions. I am thankful to Anindo Bannerjee, Rupesh and PP Ghosh for their support and advice and to Jean-Benoit Falisse and Kundan Mishra for help with analysing the data. Ananyaa Gaur, a multi-disciplinary independent media practitioner and researcher, helped us with videographic interviews of labour migrants in Delhi. Alexander Caro ably maintained the project website and Ryan Powell's assistance with assembling the wealth of qualitative data was invaluable. Collaboration with Aajeevika Bureau and the Kerala State Planning Board was key to appreciating the extent of the social and political exclusions faced by circular labour migrants across India and what governments can do to address these. I am fortunate that Priyanka Jain and K Ravi Raman agreed to explore these themes together.
In this collaborative spirit, we were fortunate to have contributions from Aajeevika Bureau and K Ravi Raman, members of the Kerala State Planning Board. Reetika Subramanian from Aajeevika Bureau generously shared photographs from their repertoire for this visual essay. These photos were clicked by migrant workers in Mumbai on the occasion of International Migrants Day as part of their "Bade Shehar ki Chhoti Kahaniyan" (small stories from big cities). The photos have been clicked by the workers using their non-fancy phones, which they own or have borrowed. Ranging from drainage cleaners to e-waste collectors, and from head-loaders to people operating dangerous machines without any safety gear, the photos speak of stark realities as the workers themselves see it, and live it. Raman contributed two photos from Kerala. I am grateful for their willingness to share photographs from their repertoire to enrich this publication.