text:
Stepan Andrijowytsch Bandera (, wiss. Transliteration ; * 1. Januar 1909 in Staryj Uhryniw, Galizien, Österreich-Ungarn; † 15. Oktober 1959 in München) war ein nationalistischer ukrainischer Politiker (OUN).
1934 wurde Bandera in Polen wegen der Ermordung des polnischen Innenministers Bronisław Pieracki verurteilt, kam jedoch nach dem Beginn des Zweiten Weltkrieges frei. Er arbeitete mit der deutschen Wehrmacht zusammen und seine Milizen übernahmen nach dem Einmarsch der Wehrmacht in Lemberg teilweise die Polizeigewalt. Sie bereiteten unter anderem Verhaftungen und Massenerschießungen vor. Nachdem andere Mitglieder der OUN einen unabhängigen Staat ausgerufen hatten, inhaftierte die Gestapo Bandera 1941 im KZ Sachsenhausen als Ehrenhäftling mit besseren Haftbedingungen. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg floh Bandera zurück nach Deutschland und wurde in der Sowjetunion in Abwesenheit zum Tode verurteilt. Er wurde 1959 in München von einem KGB-Agenten ermordet.

Von einigen Historikern wie Per Anders Rudling und Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe wird er als Faschist bezeichnet.

Jugend
Stepan Bandera wurde 1909 in Staryj Uhryniw geboren, das damals als Uhrynów stary zum österreichischen Bezirk Kałusz in Galizien gehörte. Nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg und dem Zusammenbruch Österreich-Ungarns fiel das Gebiet an Polen. Beide Eltern stammten aus christlichen Familien, sein Vater Andrij war Priester der ukrainischen Griechisch-Katholischen Kirche. Seine Geschwister waren: Marta-Marija (1907–1982), Oleksandr (1911–1942), Wolodymyra Bandera-Dawydjuk (1913–2001), Wassyl (1915–1942), Oksana (1917–2008) und Bohdan (1919–1944). Der junge Bandera besuchte die Schule in Stryj. 1922 starb seine Mutter an Tuberkulose.

Ukrainischer Nationalismus
Nach dem Schulabschluss studierte Bandera ab 1928 am Polytechnikum Lemberg (Lwiw), an dem zur damaligen Zeit Ukrainern nur wenige Veranstaltungen offenstanden. Er schloss sich der Organisation Ukrainischer Nationalisten (OUN) an, die von Andrij Melnyk geleitet wurde. In der Hierarchie der OUN stieg Bandera schnell auf und gehörte bereits Anfang der 1930er Jahre zu deren Führungskader.

Im Jahre 1934 wurde Bandera in Polen zum Tode verurteilt, weil man ihm eine Beteiligung an der Ermordung des polnischen Innenministers Bronisław Pieracki vorwarf. Diese Strafe wurde jedoch in lebenslange Haft umgewandelt. Im September 1939, nach dem Beginn des Zweiten Weltkrieges und der Besetzung Ostpolens durch die Sowjetunion, kam er wieder frei. Die Gründe für seine Freilassung sind unklar.

Zweiter Weltkrieg

Nach seiner Freilassung begab sich Bandera in das von Deutschland besetzte Krakau, wo er unter dem Decknamen Konsul II mit dem Nachrichtendienst der Wehrmacht zusammenarbeitete, der sich davon ein Zusammenwirken mit der OUN erhoffte. Im "Generalgouvernement" wurden so vor Beginn des Krieges gegen die Sowjetunion unter deutscher Aufsicht Kampfverbände wie das Bataillon Nachtigall aus den Reihen der OUN gebildet.

Aufgrund von Differenzen zwischen Bandera und Andrij Melnyk kam es 1940 zur Spaltung der OUN. Während Melnyk fortan die konservative OUN-M unterstand, leitete Bandera die revolutionäre und radikal antisemitische OUN-B (das B steht für banderiwzi, also "Banderisten" oder "Bandera-Leute"). Sie sprach sich für eine sofortige Unabhängigkeit der Ukraine aus und bekämpfte die Melnyk-Anhänger blutig.

Nach dem Einmarsch der deutschen Wehrmacht in Lwiw (Lemberg) proklamierte Banderas Stellvertreter Jaroslaw Stezko am 30. Juni 1941 eine unabhängige Regierung der Westukraine. Durch OUN-B aufgestellte Milizen übernahmen teilweise die Polizeigewalt und waren maßgeblich an Pogromen gegen die jüdische Zivilbevölkerung beteiligt, die durch einen wenige Tage zuvor von Einheiten des sowjetischen NKWD an etwa 4000 ukrainischen Häftlingen begangenen Massenmord angeheizt wurden. Die Miliz bereitete durch Verhaftungen die Massenerschießung von 3000 Juden durch die Einsatzgruppe C der deutschen Sicherheitspolizei am 5. Juli 1941 vor. Bandera selbst hat sich an dem Tag laut Erkenntnissen ukrainischer Historiker allerdings nicht in Lemberg, sondern in Krakau aufgehalten; ob er in dem Pogrom involviert war, ist bis zur Gegenwart umstritten.

Da ein unabhängiger ukrainischer Staat nicht den Vorstellungen der Nationalsozialisten entsprach, wurde Bandera im Juli 1941 verhaftet und im sogenannten Zellenbau des Konzentrationslagers Sachsenhausen untergebracht, in dem unter anderem auch der ehemalige österreichische Kanzler Kurt Schuschnigg festgehalten wurde. Während zwei von Banderas Brüdern, Oleksandr und Wassyl, im KZ Auschwitz unter ungeklärten Umständen ums Leben kamen, angeblich von polnischen Mithäftlingen erschlagen, genoss Bandera selbst in Sachsenhausen einen Sonderstatus als so genannter Ehrenhäftling. So bewohnte er eine größere möblierte Zelle mit getrenntem Schlaf- und Wohnbereich, Bildern an den Wänden und Teppich auf dem Boden.

Nach Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe war Bandera ein "überzeugter Faschist". Er weist Bandera für die während seiner Abwesenheit 1943/44 verübten Massaker in Wolhynien und Ostgalizien eine zumindest "moralische Verantwortung" zu. "Vor dem Krieg machte er (Bandera) kein Geheimnis daraus, dass 'nicht nur Hunderte, sondern Tausende Menschenleben geopfert werden müssen', damit die OUN ihre Ziele realisieren und ein ukrainischer Staat entstehen könne. Die Massengewalt beziehungsweise die 'Säuberung' der Ukraine von Juden, Polen, Russen und anderen 'Feinden' der Organisation war ein zentraler Bestandteil seiner Ziele."

Am 25. September 1944 wurde Bandera aus der Haft entlassen. Er sollte ein ukrainisches Nationalkomitee gründen und an der Seite der Nationalsozialisten Aktionen des ukrainischen Widerstandes gegen die Rote Armee lenken, doch kam es wegen des raschen sowjetischen Vormarsches nicht mehr dazu. Im Dezember 1944 lehnte Bandera die von den Nationalsozialisten angebotene Zusammenarbeit ab. Die UPA löste sich nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges in rivalisierende Gruppen auf, die bis zum Ende der 1950er Jahre aktiv waren.

Exil und Ermordung durch den KGB

Im Herbst 1946 flüchtete Bandera über Österreich nach München, wo er sich unter dem Namen Stefan Popel jahrelang vor dem sowjetischen Geheimdienst versteckte, da er in der Sowjetunion wegen seiner antisowjetischen Aktionen in Abwesenheit zum Tode verurteilt worden war. 1946 gründete er die Auslandsstelle der OUN, eine weitere Abspaltung, da er sich weigerte, das Bekenntnis zu Rede- und Gedankenfreiheit sowie Minderheitenrechten mitzutragen, das die OUN-B im Sommer 1943 abgegeben hatte.

1947 wurde Bandera im Exil Vorsitzender der OUN und blieb dies bis zu seinem Tod.
Der KGB-Agent Bogdan Staschinski ermordete ihn am 15. Oktober 1959 im Eingang seines Wohnhauses in der Kreittmayrstraße 7 mit einer pistolenähnlichen Waffe, die Blausäuregas versprühte. Bandera wurde lebend aufgefunden, starb aber wenig später; seine Leiche wurde von dem Münchner Rechtsmediziner Wolfgang Spann obduziert. Am 20. Oktober wurde er auf dem Münchener Waldfriedhof bestattet.
Als Auftraggeber des Mordes wurde der KGB identifiziert. Der Täter stellte sich und wurde am 19. Oktober 1962 zu einer Freiheitsstrafe von acht Jahren verurteilt. Bandera war nicht der einzige ukrainische Exil-Nationalist, der vom KGB getötet wurde: Jewhen Konowalez wurde 1938 in Rotterdam mit einer Sprengfalle und Lew Rebet 1957 ebenfalls von Bogdan Staschinski in München getötet.

Banderas Frau Jaroslawa, mit der er seit Juni 1940 verheiratet war, und ihre drei Kinder Natalia (1941–1985), Andrei (1944–1984) sowie Lesya (1947–2011) wanderten nach Toronto (Kanada) aus.

Nachwirkung und Personenkult

Vor allem im Westen der Ukraine wird Bandera heute von breiteren Bevölkerungsschichten als Nationalheld verehrt; dort gibt es seit 2014 auch Hunderte nach ihm benannte Straßen, viele lebensgroße Statuen und Büsten, einige monumentale Denkmäler sowie mehrere Museen zu seinen Ehren. Die insbesondere in der Westukraine politisch erfolgreiche nationalistische Allukrainische Vereinigung "Swoboda" sowie die rechtsextreme Organisation Prawyj Sektor berufen sich ebenfalls auf Bandera. Die Anhänger des Fußballvereins Karpaty Lwiw zeigen bei Heimspielen ihres Vereins regelmäßig große Transparente mit seinem Konterfei. Umfragedaten zeigen, dass die Bandera-Verehrung ausschließlich auf den Westen begrenzt ist. Im Zentrum und im Südosten des Landes ist die Zustimmung zu Bandera mit wenigen Ausnahmen sehr niedrig. In der Ostukraine, aber auch in Polen, Russland und Israel gilt Bandera hingegen überwiegend als Verbrecher und NS-Kollaborateur. Der schwedisch-US-amerikanische Historiker Per Anders Rudling bezeichnet Bandera als Faschisten.

Im Januar 2010 verlieh der damalige ukrainische Präsident Wiktor Juschtschenko Bandera postum den Ehrentitel Held der Ukraine. Die damalige Ministerpräsidentin Julia Timoschenko von der Vaterlandspartei sprach Juschtschenko in dieser Angelegenheit ihre Unterstützung aus. Die polnische und russische Regierung sowie einige andere Institutionen protestierten gegen diese Ehrung. Das Europäische Parlament äußerte die Hoffnung, dass der neue Präsident der Ukraine diesen Präsidialerlass revidiere. Das Simon-Wiesenthal-Zentrum verurteilte die Ehrung und wies darauf hin, dass Bandera Mitschuld am Tod von Tausenden Juden trage.
Im März 2010 kündigte der neue Präsident der Ukraine, Wiktor Janukowytsch, an, dass Juschtschenkos Erlass außer Kraft gesetzt werde.
Im Januar 2011 wurden gerichtliche Entscheidungen, den Titel wieder abzuerkennen, schließlich rechtskräftig.
Die Pressestelle des Blok Juliji Tymoschenko kritisierte die Gerichtsentscheidung als politisch. Die Aberkennung sei zudem ein Bruch von Wahlversprechen Janukowytschs.

Banderas Grab in München wurde in der Nacht auf den 17. August 2014 – während des Kriegs in der Ukraine – von Unbekannten verwüstet.
Von russischer Seite wird seit dem Beginn des Krieges in der Ukraine der Bandera-Kult staatlicher ukrainischer Stellen dazu genutzt, die durch die Revolution 2014 an die Macht gekommenen demokratischen Parteien und Politiker pauschal als "Faschisten" zu verunglimpfen. Auch im Juli 2022, also nach dem russischen Überfall auf die Ukraine 2022, ist der Grabstein von Unbekannten beschmiert worden.

Durch einen Beschluss des Stadtparlaments vom Juli 2016 wurde der Kiewer "Moskauer Prospekt" in "Stepan-Bandera-Prospekt" () umbenannt.

Die erste umfassende und wissenschaftliche Biographie Banderas und damit einhergehend die erste eingehende Studie des um ihn entstandenen Kults erschien 2014, geschrieben von Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe. 2017 legte Lutz C. Kleveman eine Darstellung zum Thema vor, der zur Rolle Banderas eine bislang nicht erfolgte, notwendige Auseinandersetzung mit der eigenen Kollaborations-, Faschismus- und Antisemitismus-Geschichte in der Ukraine anmahnt. Die von Bandera ausgerufene unabhängige Ukraine war mitnichten im Sinne Hitlers, doch benutzte er die ukrainischen Nationalisten und ließ aus Banderas Milizen eine ukrainische Hilfspolizei gründen. Kollaboration spielt auch im Zusammenhang mit sowjetischen Kriegsgefangenen eine große Rolle. Wie in Deutschland wurde auch in Lemberg (Lwiw) ihr Schicksal lange verschwiegen. In der Zitadelle über der Stadt, in der sich jetzt ein Luxushotel befindet, starben über 140.000 sowjetische Kriegsgefangene, weil die deutschen Besatzer sie verhungern ließen.
Unter dem 2019 ins Amt gewählten Präsidenten Wolodymyr Selenskyj ist der Versuch eines Wandels in der Geschichtspolitik festzustellen; sie hat sich jedoch nicht völlig verändert, da der neue Kulturminister politisch ähnlich denkt wie sein Vorgänger. Dies bedeutet auch, dass die nach Bandera und Schuchewytsch benannten Straßen in Kiew ihren Namen behalten. Die Heroisierung der OUN spielt in der offiziellen Erinnerung eine weniger große Rolle; stattdessen werden Persönlichkeiten in den Vordergrund gerückt, mit denen sich alle Ukrainer unabhängig von ethnischer Zugehörigkeit und politischer Ausrichtung identifizieren können.

Film, Fotografie, Theater
 Die Ermordung Banderas wurde 1966 von Rudolf Jugert als Folge 15 der ZDF-Fernsehserie Die fünfte Kolonne unter dem Titel Mord auf Befehl verfilmt. Die Rolle Banderas wurde mit Max Strassberg besetzt, die von Staschinski mit Josef Fröhlich.
 Der Fotograf Mikhail Palinchak erstellte 2014 für das ukrainische "Reporter Magazin" ein Foto-Essay "Bandera".
 Das Berliner Maxim-Gorki-Theater zeigte 2018 in der Reihe "Mythen der Wirklichkeit" die Rap-Oper "Bandera" von Marina Frenk und Yuriy Gurzhy.

Literatur
 Franziska Bruder: "Den ukrainischen Staat erkämpfen oder sterben!" Die Organisation ukrainischer Nationalisten (OUN) 1928-1948. Metropol, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-938690-33-8.
 David R. Marples: Stepan Bandera: In search of Ukraine for Ukrainians. In: Rebecca Haynes, Martyn Rady (Hrsg.): In the shadow of Hitler: Personalities of the right in Central and Eastern Europe. I. B. Tauris, London u. a. 2011, ISBN 978-1-84511-697-2, S. 227–244.
 Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe: Stepan Bandera. The Life and Afterlife of a Ukrainian Nationalist. Fascism, Genocide, and Cult. ibidem, Stuttgart 2014, ISBN 978-3-8382-0604-2.

 Ruslan Wiktorowitsch Tschastij (Руслан Викторовыч Частий): Степан Бандера: мифы, легенды, действительность (= Время и судьбы). Folio, Charkiw 2007, ISBN 966-03-3656-X. 2. Auflage: 2015, ISBN 966-0-35782-6.

Siehe auch
 Geschichte der Ukraine während des Zweiten Weltkriegs
 Reichskommissariat Ukraine#Kollaboration

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Politiker (Ukraine)
Politiker (20. Jahrhundert)
Person (ukrainische Kollaboration)
Zum Tode verurteilte Person
Person (Partisanenkrieg im Zweiten Weltkrieg)
Mitglied der Organisation Ukrainischer Nationalisten
Ukrainische Militärgeschichte
Person des Faschismus
Mitglied einer rassistischen Organisation
Mitglied einer antisemitischen Organisation
Mitglied einer rechtsextremen Organisation
Täter des Holocaust
Häftling im KZ Sachsenhausen
Mordopfer
Opfer eines Attentats
Held der Ukraine
Ehrenbürger von Lwiw
Person (Wolhynien)
Ukrainischer Emigrant
Ukrainer
Geboren 1909
Gestorben 1959
Mann


Stay tuned to the most interesting news and trends in the field of parenting, education, homeschooling, and technology on MasterMind Blog.
Want to Learn French? No Problem, Just Chose the Technique You Like Most!
Homeschool Docs – Do You Remember When…?
Want to Speak & Write Spanish Fluently? It's Easier Than You Think!


text:
Sotomayor's confirmation hearing set to begin
Sotomayor's hearing is set to begin Monday.
WASHINGTON (CNN) - After weeks of meeting senators and preparing for tough questions, Sonia Sotomayor on Monday begins the formal hearings on her nomination to become the nation's first Hispanic Supreme Court justice.
The Senate Judiciary Committee will start considering whether Sotomayor should be the 111th person to sit on the nation's highest court.
The confirmation hearings start at 10 a.m. Monday ET. If confirmed, she would be the third woman justice. Watch Sotomayor hearings on CNN.com/live
Sotomayor, 55, received a good-luck telephone call Sunday from President Obama, according to a White House statement.
Filed under: Sonia Sotomayor • Supreme Court
RahmAxleRod SuperTroopers
Cnn, get ready.. its time for the big PUSH..
July 13, 2009 09:54 am at 9:54 am |
Dutch/Bad Newz, VA
Good luck Judge Sotomayor.
why is no one talking about the case"s she heard that were later over-turned?? does her prior mistake's not count more than the fact she is a latino female. were is the 'justice' in her case??
Ed, Santa Fe, NM
and the GOP hypocrites are already foaming at the mouth
July 13, 2009 10:03 am at 10:03 am |
Doug, New Jersey
"I would hope that a wise white male , with the richness of his experiences, would more often than not reach a better conclusion than a Latina woman who hasn't lived that life,"
Here is everything you need to know about not only Sotomayor, congress, and Obama, but pretty much every liberal Democrat in America. You know that if a republican nominee had made this remark, he would not even make it to a confirmation hearing and every lib that is defending Sotomayor's racism and hate, would be foaming at the mouth over this guy, in fact most libs would probably want him locked up just for making this comment.
If you are not a racist, if you want people to be judged on their charecter, not race, if you believe that hate is hate, and that it makes no difference whose mouth in comes from or who it is directed at, then it is time for you to join the other real Americans in defeating liberal Democrats and stop them from destroying our great republic. Watch, if CNN dares to post this, not one lib will take on their hateful ideology based double standards, they will just attack me for speaking the truth.
Helene, NC
Here we go–good luck Justice Sotomayor.
As a woman am very proud of Judge Sotomayor as the pick for the Supremem Court Justice. As a latina woman I am "over the moon".
GOP = Party of Hypocrisy
It is shameful the way Repugliklans are treating Sotomayor with negative personal attacks on her character. The Repugs are ignoring her record because she has a good record. Repugs don't want anyone appointed to the Supreme Court who isn't white. Repugs know she is very well qualified and yet they continue their attacks to satisfy the far right's desire oppose non-white candidates.
Let the circus begin. She will be confirmed since there is no stopping the out of control Democrats from destroying this country. The only reason this unqualified candidate is even here is Obamas constant pandering. Too bad Obama can't even pretend to be a strong leader.
Just a Thinker
I wonder if Sotomayor becomes a Supreme Court Justice, if OJ will appeal his sentence since he can say his judge could not provide fair justice since she did not understand what it was like to be OJ.
I think he statements that say the 2nd Amendment does not apply to states; judges should make policy (laws); and that she would make better decisions that a white male judge opens too many Pandora's boxes. If the 2nd Amendment does not apply to states then does te 13th? If judges should make policy why have 3 branches of government? (However, I guess we could save a lot of money by firing all 535 Senators/Congressional Members and just have 9 Justices???). If a Latina makes a better judge, does anyone with a white judge automatically get an appeal?
I thought that justice was supposed to be blind not empathetic.
Fredrick from OH
She looks older than 55. Oh well, she's fairly shady and that tends to age people.
Me in Big D
I sure would hate to look at that ugly woman's mug on th e panel! Racist!
SK2 DELAWARE
I am a college educated Democrat that believes this woman should not be confirmed. Reverse discrimination is still DISCRIMINATION. You can't better one group, by disadvantaging another. She is a racist !!! We need supreme court justices that will uphold the constitution and our nations laws. Not a judge who interprets the law her way. Plus the fact that a lot of her rulings have later been overturned. No way to Sotomayor. Obama, you can do better than her.
Jeff Sessions is an embarassment to the United States Senate. He can barely pronounce the words he's trying to say. And he's so clearly pandering to the religious right while trying to pretend he's being respectful to Sotomayor that it's painful to listen to. His attitude of smarminess is beyond intolerable. Perhaps he'd like to have Hitler on the Supreme Court. Or Bin Laden. What a freak! You can only hope that future Supreme Court justices will eventually have the power to make decisions that will contradict the ideas of idiots like Sessions who couldn't even manage to get appointed to an appellate court because he's such a racist pig. What a joke that this man is even on the Judiciary Committee. And now the brain trust of Wolf Blitzer has come on to echo his ideas. CNN's own brain trust at the level of Jeff Sessions...
This woman is a BAD choice. Certainly there must be ANYONE else...?
this is a travesty of justice; trying to, and probably will succeed in installing this incompetent judge. It really reflects the moral standing of our country; but of course, that slid downhill with Obama being handed the White House. It's important that we have a female, a hispanic female....who cares if they're qualified? Such a pathetic example Obama's setting for the nation with his liberal mindset...all this "fairness," is turning us into a 3rd world nation. If you must have a hispanic, put George Lopez in there; at least he seems more level headed, and unbiased against other races.
phonix86
Should be interesting viewing to watch the democrats push through an unqualified candidate with cheers from the left fringe and democraps.
The GOP grillin' starts now. Anger, frustration, quizzical queries, and probin' procedural processes of peakin' into her past will start greetin' Sotomayor and we hope she is up to it.
Suc Mi Wang
I don't know about her credentials, but she sure is coyote ugly. She will fit in nicely with Ginsburg who makes coyotes look good.
NOT A FAN OF OBAMA AT ALL
Obama and his Dems will confirm another racist who discriminates against whites.
S.B. Stein E.B. NJ
I hope her hearing is swift and fair. From all reports, it seems unlikely that the Republicans can really deny her confirmation. There are plenty of reasons why she would have been a good Republican nomination to any court; George H.W. Bush did do that.
As a female Latina who is watching Sessions open the Sotomayor hearings, I cannot see how the GOP will be getting any Hispanic OR Female votes in any election from here on out. His comments were laced with bigoted remarks. Then at the end he said "I'm proud of you judge Sotomayor" ???????
Did he think the electorate wouldn't notice?
Republican politicians just can't help themselves. They will alienate the fastest growing electoral population, Hispanics, by attacking the Sotomayor nomination with extreme partisanship filled with distortion and lies.
Why does she need to prepare for weeks????? Staged answers???? Can't she defend her own rulings????? Does she have to get the right BUZZ words???? Who pays her during this time?????

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


You can check the progress of your work such as how many documents you have generated each month including what documents you have completed and when they were completed.
To view the processed PV and WHT certificates, first you need to select the document. You can select and view more than one document at a time.
Click the "View" button. You will see all the documents lined up for you to review. You can choose to see either the English version of PV, the Thai version of PV, the English version of the WHT certificate, or the Thai version of the WHT certificate.
You can review and also reprint the document here. To reprint click "Print" in the bottom right corner of the screen.
Void is a function to remove the processed document. If you review your document and find any mistakes, you can use Void to restart the process.
To void a document, you first have to select the document by ticking the checkbox against it (you can void multiple documents at once this way as well). Once the documents you want to void have been selected click the "Void" button.
After clicking, you will see the confirmation popup.
If you click "Yes", your selected documents will be deleted.
The documents generated from TAP will be removed from processed documents. If the documents generated from the Purchases module are removed, the invoices that belonged to the documents will return to awaiting payment status in Xero and any attached payments will be removed. You can create the documents again by going back to the Purchases module.
When you void the documents generated from the Bank Account module, the document will be deleted but it will not affect any transactions in Xero.


text:
HomeLong StoriesThe Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 13. "The Presbytery Has Lost Nothing Of Its Charm...
Isabel Ecclestone Mackay
Charles Brockden Brown
(poet) Robert Herrick
Alfred Henry Lewis
Fyodor Dostoyevsky
Helen Hunt Jackson
Temple Bailey
Dhan Gopal Mukerji
Edwin Arlington Robinson
Abbie Farwell Brown
Israel Zangwill
Sir John Carr
Post by :wishmaker Category :Long Stories Author :Gaston Leroux Date :May 2012 Read :3146
Click below to download : The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 13. "The Presbytery Has Lost Nothing Of Its Charm... (Format : PDF)
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 13. "The Presbytery Has Lost Nothing Of Its Charm...
CHAPTER XIII. "The Presbytery Has Lost Nothing of Its Charm, Nor the Garden Its Brightness"
A week after the occurrence of the events I have just recounted--on the 2nd of November, to be exact--I received at my home in Paris the following telegraphic message: "Come to the Glandier by the earliest train. Bring revolvers. Friendly greetings. Rouletabille."
I have already said, I think, that at that period, being a young barrister with but few briefs, I frequented the Palais de Justice rather for the purpose of familiarising myself with my professional duties than for the defence of the widow and orphan. I could, therefore, feel no surprise at Rouletabille disposing of my time. Moreover, he knew how keenly interested I was in his journalistic adventures in general and, above all, in the murder at the Glandier. I had not heard from him for a week, nor of the progress made with that mysterious case, except by the innumerable paragraphs in the newspapers and by the very brief notes of Rouletabille in the "Epoque." Those notes had divulged the fact that traces of human blood had been found on the mutton-bone, as well as fresh traces of the blood of Mademoiselle Stangerson--the old stains belonged to other crimes, probably dating years back.
It may be easily imagined that the crime engaged the attention of the press throughout the world. No crime known had more absorbed the minds of people. It appeared to me, however, that the judicial inquiry was making but very little progress; and I should have been very glad, if, on the receipt of my friend's invitation to rejoin him at the Glandier, the despatch had not contained the words, "Bring revolvers."
That puzzled me greatly. Rouletabille telegraphing for revolvers meant that there might be occasion to use them. Now, I confess it without shame, I am not a hero. But here was a friend, evidently in danger, calling on me to go to his aid. I did not hesitate long; and after assuring myself that the only revolver I possessed was properly loaded, I hurried towards the Orleans station. On the way I remembered that Rouletabille had asked for two revolvers; I therefore entered a gunsmith's shop and bought an excellent weapon for my friend.
I had hoped to find him at the station at Epinay; but he was not there. However, a cab was waiting for me and I was soon at the Glandier. Nobody was at the gate, and it was only on the threshold of the chateau that I met the young man. He saluted me with a friendly gesture and threw his arms about me, inquiring warmly as to the state of my health.
When we were in the little sitting-room of which I have spoken, Rouletabille made me sit down.
"It's going badly," he said.
"What's going badly?" I asked.
"Everything."
He came nearer to me and whispered:
"Frederic Larsan is working with might and main against Darzac."
This did not astonish me. I had seen the poor show Mademoiselle Stangerson's fiance had made at the time of the examination of the footprints. However, I immediately asked:
"What about that cane?"
"It is still in the hands of Frederic Larsan. He never lets go of it."
"But doesn't it prove the alibi for Monsieur Darzac?"
"Not at all. Gently questioned by me, Darzac denied having, on that evening, or on any other, purchased a cane at Cassette's. However," said Rouletabille, "I'll not swear to anything; Monsieur Darzac has such strange fits of silence that one does not know exactly what to think of what he says."
"To Frederic Larsan this cane must mean a piece of very damaging evidence. But in what way? The time when it was bought shows it could not have been in the murderer's possession."
"The time doesn't worry Larsan. He is not obliged to adopt my theory which assumes that the murderer got into The Yellow Room between five and six o'clock. But there's nothing to prevent him assuming that the murderer got in between ten and eleven o'clock at night. At that hour Monsieur and Mademoiselle Stangerson, assisted by Daddy Jacques, were engaged in making an interesting chemical experiment in the part of the laboratory taken up by the furnaces. Larsan says, unlikely as that may seem, that the murderer may have slipped behind them. He has already got the examining magistrate to listen to him. When one looks closely into it, the reasoning is absurd, seeing that the 'intimate'--if there is one--must have known that the professor would shortly leave the pavilion, and that the 'friend' had only to put off operating till after the professor's departure. Why should he have risked crossing the laboratory while the professor was in it? And then, when he had got into The Yellow Room?
"There are many points to be cleared up before Larsan's theory can be admitted. I sha'n't waste my time over it, for my theory won't allow me to occupy myself with mere imagination. Only, as I am obliged for the moment to keep silent, and Larsan sometimes talks, he may finish by coming out openly against Monsieur Darzac,--if I'm not there," added the young reporter proudly. "For there are surface evidences against Darzac, much more convincing than that cane, which remains incomprehensible to me, all the more so as Larsan does not in the least hesitate to let Darzac see him with it!--I understand many things in Larsan's theory, but I can't make anything of that cane.
"Is he still at the chateau?"
"Yes; he hardly ever leaves it!--He sleeps there, as I do, at the request of Monsieur Stangerson, who has done for him what Monsieur Robert Darzac has done for me. In spite of the accusation made by Larsan that Monsieur Stangerson knows who the murderer is he yet affords him every facility for arriving at the truth,--just as Darzac is doing for me."
"But you are convinced of Darzac's innocence?"
"At one time I did believe in the possibility of his guilt. That was when we arrived here for the first time. The time has come for me to tell you what has passed between Monsieur Darzac and myself."
Here Rouletabille interrupted himself and asked me if I had brought the revolvers. I showed him them. Having examined both, he pronounced them excellent, and handed them back to me.
"Shall we have any use for them?" I asked.
"No doubt; this evening. We shall pass the night here--if that won't tire you?"
"On the contrary," I said with an expression that made Rouletabille laugh.
"No, no," he said, "this is no time for laughing. You remember the phrase which was the 'open sesame' of this chateau full of mystery?"
"Yes," I said, "perfectly,--'The presbytery has lost nothing of its charm, nor the garden its brightness.' It was the phrase which you found on the half-burned piece of paper amongst the ashes in the laboratory."
"Yes; at the bottom of the paper, where the flame had not reached, was this date: 23rd of October. Remember this date, it is highly important. I am now going to tell you about that curious phrase. On the evening before the crime, that is to say, on the 23rd, Monsieur and Mademoiselle Stangerson were at a reception at the Elysee. I know that, because I was there on duty, having to interview one of the savants of the Academy of Philadelphia, who was being feted there. I had never before seen either Monsieur or Mademoiselle Stangerson. I was seated in the room which precedes the Salon des Ambassadeurs, and, tired of being jostled by so many noble personages, I had fallen into a vague reverie, when I scented near me the perfume of the lady in black.
"Do you ask me what is the 'perfume of the lady in black'? It must suffice for you to know that it is a perfume of which I am very fond, because it was that of a lady who had been very kind to me in my childhood,--a lady whom I had always seen dressed in black. The lady who, that evening, was scented with the perfume of the lady in black, was dressed in white. She was wonderfully beautiful. I could not help rising and following her. An old man gave her his arm and, as they passed, I heard voices say: 'Professor Stangerson and his daughter.' It was in that way I learned who it was I was following.
"They met Monsieur Robert Darzac, whom I knew by sight. Professor Stangerson, accosted by Mr. Arthur William Rance, one of the American savants, seated himself in the great gallery, and Monsieur Robert Darzac led Mademoiselle Stangerson into the conservatory. I followed. The weather was very mild that evening; the garden doors were open. Mademoiselle Stangerson threw a fichu shawl over her shoulders and I plainly saw that it was she who was begging Monsieur Darzac to go with her into the garden. I continued to follow, interested by the agitation plainly exhibited by the bearing of Monsieur Darzac. They slowly passed along the wall abutting on the Avenue Marigny. I took the central alley, walking parallel with them, and then crossed over for the purpose of getting nearer to them. The night was dark, and the grass deadened the sound of my steps. They had stopped under the vacillating light of a gas jet and appeared to be both bending over a paper held by Mademoiselle Stangerson, reading something which deeply interested them. I stopped in the darkness and silence.
"Neither of them saw me, and I distinctly heard Mademoiselle Stangerson repeat, as she was refolding the paper: 'The presbytery has lost nothing of its charm, nor the garden its brightness!'--It was said in a tone at once mocking and despairing, and was followed by a burst of such nervous laughter that I think her words will never cease to sound in my ears. But another phrase was uttered by Monsieur Robert Darzac: 'Must I commit a crime, then, to win you?' He was in an extraordinarily agitated state. He took the hand of Mademoiselle Stangerson and held it for a long time to his lips, and I thought, from the movement of his shoulders, that he was crying. Then they went away.
"When I returned to the great gallery," continued Rouletabille, "I saw no more of Monsieur Robert Darzac, and I was not to see him again until after the tragedy at the Glandier. Mademoiselle was near Mr. Rance, who was talking with much animation, his eyes, during the conversation, glowing with a singular brightness. Mademoiselle Stangerson, I thought, was not even listening to what he was saying, her face expressing perfect indifference. His face was the red face of a drunkard. When Monsieur and Mademoiselle Stangerson left, he went to the bar and remained there. I joined him, and rendered him some little service in the midst of the pressing crowd. He thanked me and told me he was returning to America three days later, that is to say, on the 26th (the day after the crime). I talked with him about Philadelphia; he told me he had lived there for five-and-twenty years, and that it was there he had met the illustrious Professor Stangerson and his daughter. He drank a great deal of champagne, and when I left him he was very nearly drunk.
"Such were my experiences on that evening, and I leave you to imagine what effect the news of the attempted murder of Mademoiselle Stangerson produced on me,--with what force those words pronounced by Monsieur Robert Darzac, 'Must I commit a crime, then, to win you?' recurred to me. It was not this phrase, however, that I repeated to him, when we met here at Glandier. The sentence of the presbytery and the bright garden sufficed to open the gate of the chateau. If you ask me if I believe now that Monsieur Darzac is the murderer, I must say I do not. I do not think I ever quite thought that. At the time I could not really think seriously of anything. I had so little evidence to go on. But I needed to have at once the proof that he had not been wounded in the hand.
"When we were alone together, I told him how I had chanced to overhear a part of his conversation with Mademoiselle Stangerson in the garden of the Elysee; and when I repeated to him the words, 'Must I commit a crime, then, to win you?' he was greatly troubled, though much less so than he had been by hearing me repeat the phrase about the presbytery. What threw him into a state of real consternation was to learn from me that the day on which he had gone to meet Mademoiselle Stangerson at the Elysee, was the very day on which she had gone to the Post Office for the letter. It was that letter, perhaps, which ended with the words: 'The presbytery has lost nothing of its charm, nor the garden its brightness.' My surmise was confirmed by my finding, if you remember, in the ashes of the laboratory, the fragment of paper dated October the 23rd. The letter had been written and withdrawn from the Post Office on the same day.
"There can be no doubt that, on returning from the Elysee that night, Mademoiselle Stangerson had tried to destroy that compromising paper. It was in vain that Monsieur Darzac denied that that letter had anything whatever to do with the crime. I told him that in an affair so filled with mystery as this, he had no right to hide this letter; that I was persuaded it was of considerable importance; that the desperate tone in which Mademoiselle Stangerson had pronounced the prophetic phrase,--that his own tears, and the threat of a crime which he had professed after the letter was read--all these facts tended to leave no room for me to doubt. Monsieur Darzac became more and more agitated, and I determined to take advantage of the effect I had produced on him. 'You were on the point of being married, Monsieur,' I said negligently and without looking at him, 'and suddenly your marriage becomes impossible because of the writer of that letter; because as soon as his letter was read, you spoke of the necessity for a crime to win Mademoiselle Stangerson. Therefore there is someone between you and her someone who has attempted to kill her, so that she should not be able to marry!' And I concluded with these words: 'Now, monsieur, you have only to tell me in confidence the name of the murderer!'--The words I had uttered must have struck him ominously, for when I turned my eyes on him, I saw that his face was haggard, the perspiration standing on his forehead, and terror showing in his eyes.
"'Monsieur,' he said to me, 'I am going to ask of you something which may appear insane, but in exchange for which I place my life in your hands. You must not tell the magistrates of what you saw and heard in the garden of the Elysee,--neither to them nor to anybody. I swear to you, that I am innocent, and I know, I feel, that you believe me; but I would rather be taken for the guilty man than see justice go astray on that phrase, "The presbytery has lost nothing of its charm, nor the garden its brightness." The judges must know nothing about that phrase. All this matter is in your hands. Monsieur, I leave it there; but forget the evening at the Elysee. A hundred other roads are open to you in your search for the criminal. I will open them for you myself. I will help you. Will you take up your quarters here?--You may remain here to do as you please.--Eat--sleep here--watch my actions--the actions of all here. You shall be master of the Glandier, Monsieur; but forget the evening at the Elysee.'"
Rouletabille here paused to take breath. I now understood what had appeared so unexplainable in the demeanour of Monsieur Robert Darzac towards my friend, and the facility with which the young reporter had been able to install himself on the scene of the crime. My curiosity could not fail to be excited by all I had heard. I asked Rouletabille to satisfy it still further. What had happened at the Glandier during the past week?--Had he not told me that there were surface indications against Monsieur Darzac much more terrible than that of the cane found by Larsan?
"Everything seems to be pointing against him," replied my friend, "and the situation is becoming exceedingly grave. Monsieur Darzac appears not to mind it much; but in that he is wrong. I was interested only in the health of Mademoiselle Stangerson, which was daily improving, when something occurred that is even more mysterious than--than the mystery of The Yellow Room!"
"Impossible!" I cried, "What could be more mysterious than that?"
"Let us first go back to Monsieur Robert Darzac," said Rouletabille, calming me. "I have said that everything seems to be pointing against him. The marks of the neat boots found by Frederic Larsan appear to be really the footprints of Mademoiselle Stangerson's fiance. The marks made by the bicycle may have been made by his bicycle. He had usually left it at the chateau; why did he take it to Paris on that particular occasion? Was it because he was not going to return again to the chateau? Was it because, owing to the breaking off of his marriage, his relations with the Stangersons were to cease? All who are interested in the matter affirm that those relations were to continue unchanged.
"Frederic Larsan, however, believes that all relations were at an end. From the day when Monsieur Darzac accompanied Mademoiselle Stangerson to the Grands Magasins de la Louvre until the day after the crime, he had not been at the Glandier. Remember that Mademoiselle Stangerson lost her reticule containing the key with the brass head while she was in his company. From that day to the evening at the Elysee, the Sorbonne professor and Mademoiselle Stangerson did not see one another; but they may have written to each other. Mademoiselle Stangerson went to the Post Office to get a letter, which Larsan says was written by Robert Darzac; for knowing nothing of what had passed at the Elysee, Larsan believes that it was Monsieur Darzac himself who stole the reticule with the key, with the design of forcing her consent, by getting possession of the precious papers of her father--papers which he would have restored to him on condition that the marriage engagement was to be fulfilled.
"All that would have been a very doubtful and almost absurd hypothesis, as Larsan admitted to me, but for another and much graver circumstance. In the first place here is something which I have not been able to explain--Monsieur Darzac had himself, on the 24th, gone to the Post Office to ask for the letter which Mademoiselle had called for and received on the previous evening. The description of the man who made application tallies in every respect with the appearance of Monsieur Darzac, who, in answer to the questions put to him by the examining magistrate, denies that he went to the Post Office. Now even admitting that the letter was written by him--which I do not believe--he knew that Mademoiselle Stangerson had received it, since he had seen it in her hands in the garden at the Elysee. It could not have been he, then, who had gone to the Post Office, the day after the 24th, to ask for a letter which he knew was no longer there.
"To me it appears clear that somebody, strongly resembling him, stole Mademoiselle Stangerson's reticule and in that letter, had demanded of her something which she had not sent him. He must have been surprised at the failure of his demand, hence his application at the Post Office, to learn whether his letter had been delivered to the person to whom it had been addressed. Finding that it had been claimed, he had become furious. What had he demanded? Nobody but Mademoiselle Stangerson knows. Then, on the day following, it is reported that she had been attacked during the night, and, the next day, I discovered that the Professor had, at the same time, been robbed by means of the key referred to in the poste restante letter. It would seem, then, that the man who went to the Post Office to inquire for the letter must have been the murderer. All these arguments Larsan applies as against Monsieur Darzac. You may be sure that the examining magistrate, Larsan, and myself, have done our best to get from the Post Office precise details relative to the singular personage who applied there on the 24th of October. But nothing has been learned. We don't know where he came from--or where he went. Beyond the description which makes him resemble Monsieur Darzac, we know nothing.
"I have announced in the leading journals that a handsome reward will be given to a driver of any public conveyance who drove a fare to No. 40, Post Office, about ten o'clock on the morning of the 24th of October. Information to be addressed to 'M. R.,' at the office of the 'Epoque'; but no answer has resulted. The man may have walked; but, as he was most likely in a hurry, there was a chance that he might have gone in a cab. Who, I keep asking myself night and day, is the man who so strongly resembles Monsieur Robert Darzac, and who is also known to have bought the cane which has fallen into Larsan's hands?
"The most serious fact is that Monsieur Darzac was, at the very same time that his double presented himself at the Post Office, scheduled for a lecture at the Sorbonne. He had not delivered that lecture, and one of his friends took his place. When I questioned him as to how he had employed the time, he told me that he had gone for a stroll in the Bois de Boulogne. What do you think of a professor who, instead of giving his lecture, obtains a substitute to go for a stroll in the Bois de Boulogne? When Frederic Larsan asked him for information on this point, he quietly replied that it was no business of his how he spent his time in Paris. On which Fred swore aloud that he would find out, without anybody's help.
"All this seems to fit in with Fred's hypothesis, namely, that Monsieur Stangerson allowed the murderer to escape in order to avoid a scandal. The hypothesis is further substantiated by the fact that Darzac was in The Yellow Room and was permitted to get away. That hypothesis I believe to be a false one.--Larsan is being misled by it, though that would not displease me, did it not affect an innocent person. Now does that hypothesis really mislead Frederic Larsan? That is the question--that is the question."
"Perhaps he is right," I cried, interrupting Rouletabille. "Are you sure that Monsieur Darzac is innocent?--It seems to me that these are extraordinary coincidences--"
"Coincidences," replied my friend, "are the worst enemies to truth."
"What does the examining magistrate think now of the matter?"
"Monsieur de Marquet hesitates to accuse Monsieur Darzac, in the absence of absolute proofs. Not only would he have public opinion wholly against him, to say nothing of the Sorbonne, but Monsieur and Mademoiselle Stangerson. She adores Monsieur Robert Darzac. Indistinctly as she saw the murderer, it would be hard to make the public believe that she could not have recognised him, if Darzac had been the criminal. No doubt The Yellow Room was very dimly lit; but a night-light, however small, gives some light. Here, my boy, is how things stood when, three days, or rather three nights ago, an extraordinarily strange incident occurred."
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 14. "I Expect The Assassin This Evening"
CHAPTER XIV. "I Expect the Assassin This Evening""I must take you," said Rouletabille, "so as to enable you to understand, to the various scenes. I myself believe that I have discovered what everybody else is searching for, namely, how the murderer escaped from The Yellow Room, without any accomplice, and without Mademoiselle Stangerson having had anything to do with it. But so long as I am not sure of the real murderer, I cannot state the theory on which I am working. I can only say that I believe it to be correct and, in any case, a quite natural and
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 12. Frederic Larsan's Cane
CHAPTER XII. Frederic Larsan's CaneIt was not till six o'clock that I left the chateau, taking with me the article hastily written by my friend in the little sitting-room which Monsieur Robert Darzac had placed at our disposal. The reporter was to sleep at the chateau, taking advantage of the to me inexplicable hospitality offered him by Monsieur Robert Darzac, to whom Monsieur Stangerson, in that sad time, left the care of all his domestic affairs. Nevertheless he insisted on accompanying me to the station at Epinay. In crossing the park, he said to me: "Frederic is really very clever and
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 15. The Trap
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 16. Strange Phenomenon Of The Dissociation Of Matter
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 20. An Act Of Mademoiselle Stangerson
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 21. On The Watch
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 22. The Incredible Body
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 23. The Double Scent
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 24. Rouletabille Knows The Two Halves Of The Murderer
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 25. Rouletabille Goes On A Journey
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 26. In Which Joseph Rouletabille Is Awaited With Impatience
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 11. In Which Frederic Larsan Explains How The Murderer...
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 10. "We Shall Have To Eat Red Meat--Now"
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 6. In The Heart Of The Oak Grove
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 5. In Which Joseph Rouletabille Makes A Remark...
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 4. "In The Bosom Of Wild Nature"
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 3. "A Man Has Passed Like A Shadow Through The Blinds"
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 2. In Which Joseph Roultabille Appears For The First Time
The Mystery Of The Yellow Room - Chapter 1. In Which We Begin Not To Understand
Theo: A Sprightly Love Story - Chapter 7. "Parting Is Sweet Sorrow"
The Highest Treason - The Reason
The Exploits Of Elaine - Chapter 5. The Poisoned Room
The Celt And Saxon - Book 1 - Chapter 1. Wherein An Excursion Is Made In A Celtic Mind
The Innocents Abroad - Chapter XV
The Seaboard Parish - Volume 3 - Chapter 11. Changed Plans
Good Indian - Chapter 14. The Claim-Jumpers
The Patrol Of The Sun Dance Trail - Chapter 3. A-Fishing We Will Go
Through The Eye Of The Needle: A Romance - Part First - Chapter 3
Without Dogma - Publisher's Preface
Robinson Crusoe - Chapter I - START IN LIFE


This weeks's episode of The Amazing Race was dedicated to those affected by the tsunami, especially in Sri Lanka where the reality-TV show was filmed "a few weeks" (a few months, to be more precise), before the 26 December 2004 tsunami caused by an earthquake under the Indian Ocean off the northwest coast of Sumatra.
Questions were raised, inevitably, about whether CBS-TV should have gone through with the broadcast, or should have cancelled, postponed, or changed it. Similar questions were undoubtedly raised in the first season of "The Amazing Race" about how to deal with the broadcast of the finish of the race in New York City, which had been filmed (including shots of the World Trade Center towers) just a few weeks before the destruction of the towers on 11 September 2001.
In both cases, CBS proceeded with the broadcasts, essentially without alteration, just as most travellers are proceeding with their itineraries, even to countries affected by the tsunami, largely without alteration.
Despite the seriousness of the damage in some places, the effects of the tsunami were much more localized than might be apparent from many news reports. Even areas close to the coast were unaffected if they were more than a few meters or feet above sea level, so that only in the lowest-lying, flattest places did the waves come any significant distance in from the shore. Coastal resorts and facilities on very slightly higher ground were undamaged in even the worst hit areas.
Even along the coastline of world regions where there was damage, most areas were unaffected. In particular, the worst damage was on Sumatra, the westernmost island of Indonesia. But the destructive force of the tsunami was blocked by the Malay Peninsula, and the narrowness of the Straits of Malacca to the northeast and the Sunda Strait to the southeast of Sumatra, from reaching any of the rest of the Indonesian archipelago, or any other parts of Southeast Asia further to the east.
Singapore, Jakarta, and the main tourist destinations of Indonesia (Java, Bali, Lombok, Borneo, Sulawesi, and other islands to the east) were all completely untouched. And it's life, business, and tourism as usual on the eastern shore of the Malay Peninsula, and the islands off the east coast, in Thailand and Malaysia, including resorts like Ko Samui.
If you are looking for alternative and uncrowded tropical Southeast Asian seashore with superlative beaches, scuba diving, and surfing, consider the entirely undamaged coasts of the Philippines (especially the Visayan islands, reachable via Cebu without even needing to go through the capital, Manila) or Vietnam (also a superlative cultural, culinary, scenic, and historical destination). As I've mentioned in an earlier posting, the tsunami was undetectable (except perhaps with sophisticated instruments) even in the calmest and shallowest water, or right on the coast in the places of greatest vulnerability, where I was in the Visayas.
Some parts of South and Southeast Asia are actually seeing more tourists than before: Some travellers who had planned to go to the west coast of Thailand and Malaysia are going to the east coast instead, while some who had planned to go to coastal Tamil Nadu or southern Kerala in India, or to Sri Lanka, are going to Goa (further north on India's western coast, which wasn't reached by the tsunami) instead. Most of India, including not just inland areas, of course, but also coastal cities in the north such as Mumbai (Bombay) and Kolkata (Calcutta), was beyond reach of the tsunami.
The bottom line is that the world is surprisingly big and resilient. Even the worst natural disasters can't damage more than a small part of it. No matter what bad things happen in one place, there are always more than enough other interesting and enjoyable places, often not very far away, to keep travellers busy for a lifetime of travel.
If you already have tickets, there's no need to make a hasty decision on whether to modify your plans: If the place you are planning to visit hasn't recovered sufficiently by the time you get there for an enjoyable visit, it's likely to be easy enough to get to other nearby places by local transportation or short local flights -- the other side of Thailand or Peninsular Malaysia, for example -- that were on higher ground, or shielded from the tsunami.
That's likely to be less costly, and leave you more flexibility, than rushing to make costly changes now to the routing of your tickets that may end up being unnecessary as the recovery and rebuilding proceeds.
Only in the more severely damaged areas -- few of which were major tourist destinations -- is tourism likely to be inappropriate or unenjoyable . For those interested in travelling to these hardest-hit places, or in contributing to relief and reconstruction in other ways than through continued spending as tourists, my friends at the Ethical Traveler project have an excellent section of their Web site on ways to help and contribute and the complex issues of volunteering in disaster areas, as well as dispatches and photos from Sri Lanka by Ethical Traveler founder and executive director Jeff Greenwald, working temporarily as communications officer with a relief organization in many of the same places where "The Amazing Race" was filmed.
On the larger questions of ethics in tourism, I was quoted at some length in an article on Travelers Who Strive To Do No Harm published in the Christian Science Monitor just a few days before the tsunami. There's more on related questions in my essay on Ecotourism and the Ecology of Independent Travel and the resources listed under "The Ecology of Travel and Tourism" in The Practical Nomad: How to Travel Around the World . For further reading, I especially recommend the UK-based international activist organization Tourism Concern , which has specific advice for travel in the wake of the tsunami as well as information on other ethical issues for tourists and travellers.
But what could we have done if we had been in one of the places the tsunami hit? What can we do, before and during our own trips, to prepare for the possibility of events like this?
There's been a lot of talk about the possibility of a tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean, similar to the Tsunami Warning System in the Pacific Ocean coordinated by the International Tsunami Information Center and the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Ewa Beach, Oahu, Hawai'i (worth a visit if you're in Honolulu).
If mobile phone operators were able to send text messages to subscribers, after the fact, asking them to donate to tsunami relief charities, why couldn't they send a message to all subscribers in the area to warn them of the approaching tsunami, especially in places where it didn't arrive until hours after it had struck coastal areas closer to the earthquake that caused it? And why weren't calls made by people in those places, or observers who detected the tsunami further afield, to the global news media, so that CNN and the BBC could have spread the warning to their viewers and listeners throughout the danger zone, and they could have warned those around them?
But the fact is that an approaching tsunami provides its own distinctive warning signs, which were seen and noticed -- but not recognized, even by water safety professionals -- by most people along the affected coasts, in time for most of them to have escaped if they had the most elementary knowledge of how to recognize those warning signs, and what to do if they saw them. The lack of recognition of the warnings, and the resultant failure to evacuate low-lying areas, even where that would have been possible, was primarily due to a lack of public safety education about tsunami hazards.
If you feel an earthquake while along the coast, or if you see the ocean recede far from shore, or the sea level drop, further or lower and more rapidly than the lowest low tide -- over a period of 5 minutes to an hour, rather than several hours like a normal tide -- flee to high ground if possible, or inland if there is no high ground nearby, and warn other people nearby.
Most tsunamis are caused by undersea earthquakes. Any earthquake felt along the seashore could have caused, and could be a warning of, a rapidly approaching tsunami.
A tsunami travels across the ocean at up to 800 km/hour (500 miles/hour) as a series of very long (up to several hundred kilometers or miles), very low waves no more than a couple of meters high in deep water (10 feet or often much less), increasing to as much as 10 meters (35 feet) in shallower water as they approach shore, with a period of 10 minutes to 2 hours.
Often the first trough of the series of tsunami waves precedes the first crest. So the water lowers and surges out before the first big surge upward and inland. When the ocean suddenly recedes, the natural human instinct is to rush forward to look at the strange phenomenon and the unusually low "tide" and often never-before-exposed seabed.
That's exactly the wrong thing to do. When the water rushes out further than ever before, it will soon come back, much higher than ever before. Heed the water's own warning, and head for high ground immediately. A tsunami rarely reaches more than 10 meters (35 feet) above sea level. But every little bit of height helps. If there is no high ground, head inland as far as possible.
Don't think the danger is over, or go back to the shore, when the first surge of water recedes. A tsunami is a series of several long waves which may surge in and out, back and forth, up and down, for several hours. The highest and most destructive surge may be the first, the second, or the sixth in the set. A former colleague, who was working at a dive resort on a small low island in the Maldives where every structure was washed away, says the tsunami waves there had a period of about 20 minutes, with the most destructive wave being the third.
The relatively few people around the Indian Ocean who recognized the warning signs of the approaching tsunami were able to save themselves and those they warned. In perhaps the most dramatic and widely publicized incident, a 10-year-old tourist from the UK, who had recently learned about tsunamis in school in England, warned her parents, who in turn warned 100 other people on the beach they were on in Thailand -- all of whom fled the beach before the tsunami came in, and all of whom escaped death or serious injury.
Tsunamis are quite rare, although unpredictable. There may not be another one as destructive as this one, anywhere in the world, in the rest of our lifetime.
Make several copies of all your documents (passport, visas, airline tickets, travellers check receipts, credit and debit cards, lists of addresses and phone numbers and e-mail addresses, etc. -- everything in your wallet or money belt), in case they are lost or stolen. Having photocopies or faxes of your missing documents -- not just document numbers -- makes it hugely quicker and easier to get them replaced. You could be robbed of all your possessions (rare), lose them all when you have to flee a fire, road accident, tsunami, or other disaster (rarer), lose all your documents, or forget them and not realize it until you are far away (surprisingly common). Keep a set of copies in your luggage, separate from the originals. If you are travelling with a companion, exchange copies of each other's documents. Leave a set with someone back home whom you can contact and who can fax them to you in an emergency.
Always have a plan for how you will reconnect with your travelling companion(s) if you are unexpectedly separated. Most of the time, you assume that you'll meet back at your hotel. But some of the locales where it's easiest to get split up -- in a crowd at a bus or train station, for example -- are places you are likely to be when you are en route from one place to another. It's especially easy to lose track of your companion(s) if you've gotten accustomed to using your mobile phones to find each other at home, but don't have them while travelling. What if you don't have your next hotel reserved? Or what if, in an emergency, you have to flee your hotel? Agree in advance on where your next rendezvous will be. E-mail will often work, though it may take time for you both to make your way to cybercafes, but in an emergency it may not be available. As a backup, and in case of more serious disruptions of your plans, agree on a person you will contact back home to let them know if you are OK and pass on a message as to where you are.
If you are a citizen of the USA, register your travel plans with the USA Department of State at https://travelregistration.state.gov It's inconvenient, often impractical, and sometimes inadvisable to visit a consulate or embassy of the USA in person to let them know where you are, but that's no longer necessary: you can register your entire intended route and schedule through any number of countries in advance, and specify to which of your family, friends, or specific other people this information can be divulged. The State Department will e-mail you advisories (sometimes politically biased and propagandistic, but sometimes useful) if they issue or change a travel warning for any of the countries you plan to visit, and will know you are in the country in case of an emergency, natural disaster, or evacuation of USA citizens.
Bring some type of water purification or treatment equipment. After the tsunami, the most critical survival need was drinkable fresh water. More and more travellers are relying on buying bottled water, but even if you aren't in a disaster area, sooner or later you'll find yourself somewhere bottled water isn't available. If you don't have some way to purify or treat contaminated water, you'll drink whatever water is available, and you'll get sick. Or you'll drink no water at all, and soon get dangerously dehydrated. Boiling water is an effective way to render almost any water drinkable, but that isn't always practical when you are travelling. If you do plan on boiling your drinking water, make sure you have suitable water bottles. Nalgene bottles will hold boiling water without leakage or damage, but the type of plastic used for most bottles in which water is sold will shrink, crumple, and leak if filled with boiling water. At a minimum, bring some water purification tablets (foul tasting and not recommended for long-term use) for emergencies. Or, to free yourself from reliance on bottled water, bring a water purifier of some sort. There are some interesting new alternatives: on my latest trip, I used a mixed oxidant water purifier from the REI; consumer cooperative. It's expensive, a bit complicated, and requires care and time management to use properly, but it's a fraction of the size and weight of a combination filter and purifier like the ones I've used in the past, seems sturdy and reliable (it was originally designed for military field use), yet can easily treat even large containers of water.
Above all, though, don't worry too much about what could go wrong. The reason to prepare is so that once you've done so, you don't need to worry. Relax and enjoy your trip!
You have made a very rare(for you) geography mistake in this article. Goa is on the western coast on India, not the eastern. It is about 800 miles south of Bombay.
Goa is on the west (not east) coast of India, and Sumatra is the westernmost (not easternmost) major island of Indonesia. I've travelled in both India and Indonesia, and have pretty good mental maps of both: I plead bad typing (I usually use voice recognition) rather than bad geographic knowledge. Those two typos in the original article have been corrected in the version above. The tsunami did cause some damage in Kerala, on the southernmost part of the west coast of India, as it moved north after rounding the southern tip of India, but the damage didn't reach as far north on that (west) coast as Goa.


text:
Q: Grouping overlapping dates This is going to be tricky to explain, but I am writing a small system to manage my scrum projects. The basics are: I have a project, which can have many sprints, and a sprint can be broken into a few sections. For example, Project A has 4 sprints. Each sprint is broken into a Planning, Sprinting and Stabilisation section.
I am using SQL Server 2012.
A sprint can overlap another sprint. This allows for some developers to be part of planning, for sprint B, while other developers are still working on stabilisation in Sprint A. So, Planning and Stabilisation of two sprints fall in the same week.
The application is handling this well. My problem lies in a report I am trying to create. I want it to list the dates on the y axis, and the x axis shows the resources and to what they are assigned. A resource can only be part of one sprint at a time.
At the moment, I am just trying to query the dates of the project, the sprint that that date is covered by, and the sprint section. But I only want one row returned per date value. Because of the overlap, I get repeating date values.
Here is my current query: (Calendar is simply all possible dates, with some handy data abou that date)
SELECT
    cal.DateValue,
    ps.Description,
    pss.Description
FROM calendar cal
INNER JOIN project p
    ON cal.DateValue BETWEEN p.StartDate AND p.EndDate
INNER JOIN project_sprint ps
    ON ps.ProjectId = p.Id
    AND cal.DateValue BETWEEN ps.StartDate AND ps.EndDate
    AND ps.Deleted IS NULL
INNER JOIN project_sprint_section pss
    ON pss.ProjectSprintId = ps.Id
    AND cal.DateValue BETWEEN pss.StartDate AND pss.EndDate
    AND pss.Deleted IS NULL
WHERE p.Id = 26
ORDER BY cal.DateValue

And here is what I get back, showing the issue I have:

From the 4th, until the 9th, planning and stabilisation overlap.
What I would like the query to do, is, using a group, possibly, return the second description as : "Planning/Stabilisation" for the overlapping dates.
But I am unsure if there is an efficient way to do this. Can this be done with a group, see if there is a count > 1, and then concatenate the two rows descriptions?

A: Here is an example, if you want to use CTE for group concat. But I do not recommend it. You can simply use XML method to do same thing.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Hiril
Morgan (Talk | contribs)
m (→Etymology)
Revision as of 10:06, 20 October 2010 (edit) (undo)
Mith (Talk | contribs)
m (Replaced pointless horizontal rule with header)
'''Hiril''' (born [[First Age]] c. 423) was also the younger daughter of [[Halmir]], chieftain of the [[Haladin]]. She was the sister of [[Haldir of the Haladin|Haldir]], [[Hareth]], and [[Hundar]]. She was married to [[Enthor]]. Hiril bore him a daughter [[Meleth]].
In an earlier version Hiril was the daughter of [[Barahir]] and [[Emeldir]], and the younger sister of [[Beren]], but this was later dropped.
''Hiril'' means "lady" in [[Sindarin]] (''[[Hîr]]'' + ''[[-il]]'').
[[Category:House of Haleth]]
Hiril (born First Age c. 423) was also the younger daughter of Halmir, chieftain of the Haladin. She was the sister of Haldir, Hareth, and Hundar. She was married to Enthor. Hiril bore him a daughter Meleth.
In an earlier version Hiril was the daughter of Barahir and Emeldir, and the younger sister of Beren, but this was later dropped.
Hiril means "lady" in Sindarin (Hîr + -il).
Retrieved from "http://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Hiril"
Category: House of Haleth


A little over a week ago it was reported that Disney was developing new content for their exclusive streaming service debuting in 2019. You can check that article out here. Well now more content is being eyed for the streaming service.
Disney is hard at work on a brand new Muppets reboot. The studio is currently looking for a writer, with Brian Lynch (Secret Life Of Pets, Puss In Boots) being the top choice for the job.
The Mighty Ducks TV series was also looking for a home on a network, but we are being told that will also head to the streaming service.
Disney's is also making a heavy push to make reboots for The Parent Trap, Father Of The Bride, and Honey, Shrunk The Kids! These titles are first on the table for Disney to develop.
The streaming service is expected to debut sometime in the fall of 2019.
All this news is still early in development so stay tuned to Disney Film Facts, as the news breaks.
PADDINGTON Director Paul King To Direct Live-Action PINOCCHIO!


The standardisation and adoption of written Mandarin pre-empted the development and standardisation of vernaculars based on other varieties of Chinese. Adherents therefore avoid dispersing their energies through the pursuit of wealth, power, or knowledge.
To us, the speed that change has come about in China is mind-boggling" [Zha explaining the English term "mind-boggling" to Wang Meng, saying that it was as if everybody were experiencing heart-attacks].
I feel like these types of things should be culturally authentic. However, Cantonese is unique amongst the non-Mandarin varieties in having a widely used written form. To protect himself, he always uses the most fashionable revolutionary theme as his authority or guide.
Our other participant, Liu Sola, is a graduate of the Beijing Central Music Institute, and in the mids, became famous for her novel No Other Choice, which caused a stir and made her one of the representative young authors of that time. Learn about your culture?
The records of the discourses became longer, the narrative portions more detailed; jokes, stories, anecdotesand parables, interspersed in the conversations, were included. Then you get the reward of reading something based on real events, as opposed to Yu Hua or Su Tong, who use casually use history as background but make it into a kind of game.
The hot pot is not only a cooking method; it also provides a way of eating. Western music has such a presence, but I really like Chinese music, if you can see its strong points, and you will also feel that it really must be preserved. So Wang Xiaobo was an important case.
Currently there are some books which both sell and win awards. It was written to show how Classical Chinese has become an impractical language for speakers of modern Chinese because Classical Chinese when spoken aloud is largely incomprehensible.
That kind of thing happens every day, right? In contemporary China, there are a lot of high-brow people. Taoism in China In the Chinese language the word tao means "way," indicating a way of thought or life.
And since the Cloth Tiger Anthologies appeared, a "Cloth Tiger Culture Company" has also started as an adjunct, with the two more or less feeding into each other. The controversy over Horse Bridge Dictionary eventually turned into a lawsuit. Today, Rob and Lee are going to celebrate just like the ancients used to….
With the eventual fall of the Ching dynasty incourt chefs who left the Forbidden City set up restaurants around Beijing and brought Peking Duck and other delicious dishes to the masses. Sinceshe has lived both in England and America, writing music and fiction.
So if something couldn't be "approved", than any hopes for making money would go up in smoke. Ethnic Groups China, a large united multi-national state, is composed of 56 ethnic groups. The origin of the Peking Duck dates back to the Ming Dynasty, about years ago.
I still have a feeling about writers in China, that they all want to win the Nobel Prize laughs. But there are some people who very energetically oppose them. Man becomes more present and caring father and husband from his place in the underworld.
Snow, the author of Cantonese as Written Language: A woman croons in Chinese over the speaker system. She wants you to come by the house. There are however some areas from both sides that have influenced each other.
You mean the Red Army Faction. Unlike French, German or English, Chinese has no verb conjugation no need to memorize verb tenses! So the question submitted to us is essentially asking what both of you have to say about this change.In this way, literature is more than just a historical or cultural artifact; it can serve as an introduction to a new world of experience.
But what we consider to be literature can vary from one generation to the next. Robert E. Hegel, professor of Chinese language and literature and the Liselotte Dieckmann Professor of Comparative Literature, retires at the end of this semester.
We sat down with Hegel to talk about his love of Chinese literature, watching students become colleagues, and the joy of.
Chinese literature has its own values and tastes, its own reigning cultural tradition and its own critical system of theory. Chronologically, it can be divided into four main periods: classical, modern, contemporary and the present-age literature. Most books I have consulted on the topic of "Chinese literature" don't break the chronology down into simply "classical" and "modern", and while they do have sections on genres, they have those sections within broader chapters on, say, pre-Qin literature, literature of the Tang dynasty, and so on.
Chinese literature is some of the most imaginative and interesting in the world. The precision of the language results in perfectly realized images whether in poetry or prose and, as with all great literature from any culture, the themes are timeless. I'm sure not ALL of Chinese read those novels: all of Chinese are not even literate!
However, parts of all four classical novels do appear in literature textbooks starting from middle school (6–7th grade), so a Chinese born after the 70s that have completed the compulsive nine year education would have read at least some part of those novels.


Lampasas is a city in Lampasas County, Texas, United States. The population is an estimate 6,681. It is the seat of Lampasas County. Lampasas is part of the Killeen–Temple–Fort Hood Metropolitan Statistical Area.