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541-485-2978 Lovebeyondtheorphanage@gmail.com
Updates / Events
Myeong Hoon
Myeong Hoon's Story
This was an interview that Love Beyond the Orphanage had with him on May 10, 2020 to follow up on his accomplishment of receiving his Master's degree.
Q: What was it like for you growing up in an orphanage?
A: I remember distinctly the day I realized I was different from other kids. We were on a field trip, and I saw children with their families, calling Mom and Dad. I was in the third grade. The shocking discovery that I was an orphan turned me mute for two months, and I have never been the same since. We always had 30 or more kids sharing a room, and if I wanted privacy to cry or needed time alone, I used the storage shack as an escape. I was transferred to another orphanage, and then back to my original orphanage during my upbringing. Each time I moved, it was frightening, and I felt tremendous anxiety because I not only had to adjust to new rules and the environment, but I also lost friends and familiar faces of nuns and staff which we called "Mom." There was constant fighting, stealing, and many other misbehaviors present at the orphanage, but I was a quiet boy who tried to stay invisible and avoid trouble. Living by the rules was a way of life in the orphanage, but they provided security, education, and we were well cared for. I started taking viola lessons in middle school from a volunteer teacher.
Q: What was it like for you after you aged out?
A: Because the orphanage assumed that our best future would be to get a job after high school graduation, everything was directed toward gaining labor skills, such as mechanical skills. I was not an exception. With the little I had, the orphanage found me a job at an LG factory, so I would have a dorm. Many of my orphanage alumni worked at this factory without any future aspirations. Many died or became injured from the dangers it posed. I was all set to work there indefinitely. I remember the exact time I realized this. It was 11 hours and 30 minutes after I arrived at the factory. I realized that I didn't belong there because my passion was to learn the Viola! All I had was $500 I saved from secretly working during high school (we were not allowed to work) and $100 which the orphanage gave to each aged-out student. With the $600, I took a train to an area in southern Seoul I believed would provide me with opportunities to learn the Viola.
Q: What job did you have during this time?
A: I found a small room I could afford at $300 per month, and I worked three different part-time jobs, restaurants, and a convenient store. The rest of the time I devoted to studying English and practicing the viola. I literally had no social life. After passing the TOFEL test, I applied to a music school, the New England Conservatory. I was rewarded with a full tuition scholarship for four years.
Q: How were you prepared to face the world?
A: After having moved so far away from my hometown, and leaving the factory where my friends were, and just living in a tiny room, I was deeply depressed and lonely. I developed insomnia and cried all night for four months straight. I was used to having people around me all the time at the orphanage, and now I was left with no one to talk to. It was the hardest adjustment I have ever experienced. My determination to escape the misery of being orphan in Korea gave me the endurance and motivation to study and practice the viola every second I could find.
Q: Who do you mostly hang out with for friends?
A: Of course, I am far more comfortable being around aged-out friends because we share the same past. So, I have more orphan friends. I am very cautious about making friends who are not orphans. I have had many experiences where non-orphan friends found out I was an orphan, their attitudes and demeanor immediately changed, and I felt discriminated against and judged. They stopped being friends with me.
Q: Do people know you aged-out from an orphanage?
A: I do not share my background with anyone unless it is absolutely necessary. Sometimes, there are good people who express their admiration for the courage and accomplishment of my work, but there are far more Koreans who immediately shut down. All they see is an "orphan." Consequently, they distance themselves from me.
Q: Do you have any birth family?
A: The orphanage told me that my mother gave birth to me at the orphanage. I have no access to any records. I hope that someday soon I'll be allowed to see my original records.
Q: How was your experience attending undergraduate college at New England Conservatory for four years?
A: I was scared at first. My ability to speak English was bad. So, I did not speak much, so I would not embarrass myself. I had an American roommate, and he was exceptionally kind in teaching me conversational English. I liked the culture too. During the course of my four years, I returned to Korea each year, and I ended up undergoing three surgeries during consecutive years to address problems with my digestive system. Also, I worked part-time jobs to save money to pay my room and board. My orphanage helped pay the expenses my first year. I was under a great deal of pressure with all my health issues and trying to study at the same time. I lost a lot of weight. I had a professor who understood my circumstances and often took me out for food. This really helped save me from starvation.
Q: How did you hear about Love Beyond the Orphanage?
A: I learned about Love Beyond the Orphanage through my orphanage director. The director knew that the organization supported the needs of age-out adults, and that it might be worth my attending their holiday event. I did not know what to expect. This was my very first holiday celebration since I left the orphanage! Around this time, I was looking for employment, and I was in the process of figuring out how to study abroad again.
Q: I heard you almost gave up on your dream. What was the reason?
A: After I graduated from the New England Conservatory, I returned to Korea. I did not have a job or place to stay. I applied for LH housing, which the government offers to aged-out orphans, but I was denied because I had attended school in the U.S. This left me "couch surfing." Because of the instability with my housing, it was very challenging to find a place to practice my viola. I auditioned for two orchestra positions, but I was not offered either position. I had no resources available to me. At the same time, I was accepted into the graduate program in Viola at the Manhattan School of Music with a scholarship which paid for all the tuition. Time was running out for me to accept. I had to let the school know my intentions. How could I pay for room and board? There was no way I could attend this school! I was again feeling discouraged and depressed. After trying everything, facing disappointment after disappointment, I became tired of trying. I was tired of failing. I was tired of not having money to live. I was just about to give up the viola and work at a factory.
Q: When you heard the news of Love Beyond the Orphanage's commitment to pay for your room and board, what was going through your mind, and what was your plan after graduating?
The hope of learning the viola in further depth was utterly amazing! They trusted that I was motivated to study hard. For an orphan to have the privilege to study higher education in the United States is almost unthinkable! I thanked God for this great gift through Love Beyond the Orphanage. I committed myself to help other aged-out orphans learn the viola. But, if I had my wish, I would prefer getting a job in the U.S., so that I would not have to face the obstacles my status creates in Korea.
Q: What was your greatest achievement during the last two years?
A: Last year in February, for the first time ever, I competed in the International Music competition in New York, playing solo, and I came in second place in my division! For most aspiring musicians, this might be an ordinary event to gain experience and build one's resume, but these musicians do not have to struggle to pay the entry fee. For me, the $150 entry fee was a challenge. Becoming comfortable performing in front of an audience is a skill that requires a foundation of many other smaller performances. I finally had the opportunity to experience performing in front of a meaningful audience for the first time! I was very nervous but felt very proud of myself for the quality of my performance. In my heart, I was overjoyed, and this success gave me a boost of confidence!
Q: What are the challenges you faced these last two years?
A: Because I was given this opportunity to study at the Manhattan School of Music, which was nothing short of a miracle, I was incredibly grateful. Every morning, I looked out my window and had the feeling that I was so blessed that God had allowed me to live this dream! Of course, studying in a second language was a struggle. I did not socialize much because I rarely had money to spare. I spent much time studying and practicing my viola. This often made me feel lonely, and it was not easy. But, honestly, these were minor challenges compared to where I would have been without the support of Love Beyond the Orphanage and my school. My four years of college at the New England Conservatory taught me to be patient and have the strength of endurance.
Q: How has Love Beyond the Orphanage's scholarship and this experience helped you?
A: Opportunity! Love Beyond the Orphanage gave me the opportunity to pursue my dream of becoming an accomplished viola player. They believed that even an aged out orphan deserves to have an equal chance at success. I met many wonderful people over the last two years! Spending an American Christmas with Catherine Oh's family was very special. My professor who guided me was a huge comfort. Even after four years of undergraduate study, I still encountered many challenges studying in America. Before moving to New York, unemployment, lack of employable skills, lack of confidence, and the discrimination I faced in Korea made my burning desire to study abroad seem like an unattainable dream. Now, as I graduate with a master's degree in viola, I am a different person. The embedded sense of fear, shame and incompetence I always carried have changed into self-confidence, empowered and pride. I feel I can be someone who matters and is respected.
Q: What is your future plan?
A: I am praying for another miracle because I would really like to attend the LSU (Louisiana State University) Doctorate degree program in Viola this fall. This would require another three and ½ years of schooling. The school granted me an 80% tuition scholarship. It would be yet another struggle, challenges, and hard work, but my passion for performing the viola motivates me to pursue what still seems an impossible road. The feasibility of having the funds to cover my living expenses is the biggest hurdle, especially with the Coronavirus pandemic impacting everyone's economic stability. If I cannot arrange the funds, I plan to work one year to save money to support my goal of attending this doctorate program the following year. I hope that one day, whether I am blessed to have graduated from the doctorate program, or just living in Korea, my dream to perform with an orchestra will become a reality. And I plan to give back the blessings I have received by giving my time to helping other orphans. I want to be available for Love Beyond the Orphanage as they believed in me and supported me through graduate school. I want the world to know that orphans can achieve their dreams, and that we deserve equal opportunities!
Email: Lovebeyondtheorphanage@gmail.com
LBTO Quick links
Mpak
Stand on Your Feet
Orphan Rights and Interests Solidarity
Copyright © 2020 - Love Beyond the Orphanage


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David Autor on Trade With China, Unemployment, Wage Loss and Redistribution.
Posted on February 22, 2011 by Mike
Via Mark Thoma, there's been a round of debate about the winners and losers from free trade, particularly trade with China. See William Polley for a roundup on the question and his summary of the liberal position: "There are winners and losers [from free trade]. But the winners gain more than the losers lose. So effect a transfer from the winners to the losers that still allows the winners to gain but compensates the losers for what they lost. Only then can you really say that free trade (with the compensating side payment) benefits everyone."
The following statement I'm about to make might be gobbledygook if you don't speak economics but, trust me, it's the most "shots fired!" statement that hasn't been said in this conversation: According to the latest cutting-edge econometrics on the topic, the deadweight losses of how we currently compensate the losers from trade with China, a compensation that probably doesn't balance out the losses, outweigh the gains from trade with China.
David Autor, David Dorn and Gordon H. Hanson have a new paper out, The China Syndrome: Local Labor Market Effects of Import Competition in the United States, and I think it is a blockbuster. It certainly needs to move to the front of the debate over the implications and consequences of trade with China. David Autor is behind much of the discussion in labor markets recently, particularly the topic of job polarization. He's a serious intellect in this area, and this is a paper that deserves the econoblogosphere's attention.
There are two big parts to the paper. The first, and main, conclusion is that areas most impacted by Chinese imports have lower labor force participation and reduced wages in both manufacturing and non-manufacturing firms. I'm going to reprint at length from the paper:
We explore the effect of import competition on U.S. local labor markets that were differentially exposed to the rise of China trade between 1990 through 2007 due to differences in their initial patterns of industry specialization. The focus on local labor markets rather than industries as the unit of analysis allows us to analyze a broad set of economic impacts, both within the manufacturing sector and, critically, in the surrounding labor market. Instrumenting Chinese imports to the U.S. using contemporaneous, industry-level Chinese import growth in other high-income countries, we find that increased exposure of local labor markets to Chinese imports leads to higher unemployment, lower labor force participation, and reduced wages. While the employment reduction is concentrated in manufacturing, wage declines occur in the broader local labor market, and are most pronounced outside of manufacturing….
Figure 2b plots the same bivariate relationship for a trimmed sample that suppresses the 15 CZs
whose variable values differ from the sample medians by more than 5 standard deviations. In
the trimmed sample, which covers 99.1% of U.S. mainland population, the negative relationship
between changes in Chinese import exposure and changes in local manufacturing employment is
larger and clearly visible in the figure, indicating that a rise of $1,000 per worker in a commuting
zones' exposure to Chinese imports is associated with a decline in manufacturing employment of approximately one fifth of a percentage point of working age population. The mean increase in
Chinese import exposure during 1990-2007 was about $3,300 per worker…..
The sum of the first two coefficients in panel A implies that a $1,000 per worker increase in a CZ's Chinese import exposure reduces its employment to population rate by 0.58 percentage points. About two-thirds of that decline is due to the loss in manufacturing employment, but there also appears to be a small, though not quite statistically significant reduction in non-manufacturing employment. Columns 3 and 4 of panel A shows that about one-quarter of the reduction in the employment to population ratio is accounted for by a rise in the unemployment to population rate (0.16 percentage points) while the remaining three-quarters accrue to labor force non-participation (0.42 percentage points)….
A $1,000 import exposure shock results in a fairly uniform reduction in the employment-to-population ratio among all three age brackets considered in Table 5 (ages 16-34, 35-49, and 50-64), though the employment losses are more concentrated in manufacturing among the young and relatively more concentrated in non-manufacturing among the old…. A $1,000 per worker increase in a CZ's exposure to Chinese imports during a decade is estimated to reduce mean weekly earnings by -0.44 log points (about 0.6 percent). Point estimates for wage impacts are largely comparable across gender and education groups, though they are somewhat larger overall for males than for females, with the largest declines found among college males and non-college female
The impact on wages and employment-to-population ratios spreads across both non-manufacturing and manufacturing sectors. There are real costs, real losers to international trade, and the frictions that prevent these workers from being reabsorbed into the economy are also real. The costs are, at the very least, more medium-term than is more commonly assumed.
But the benefits are real too, right? One of the interesting things that the paper makes clear is that the normal compensation for losses from trade mechanisms – especially the Trade Adjustment Assistance Act – are rounding errors. The real mechanisms for redistribution from trade are workers going on disability and health insurance compensation. Food stamps play a major role, and the growth of food stamps over the past two decades should be thought of as as part of trade policy in addition to welfare policy.
Now this is just redistribution of course, no economic gains or losses. However if you assume redistribution is a leaky bucket, the deadweight losses are about equal to the gains. I'm going to reprint this section at length:
What do our results imply about overall U.S. gains from trade with China? In theory, such gains are positive. Trade may lower incomes for workers in industries or regions exposed to import competition, but gains to consumers from increased product variety (Broda and Weinstein, 2006) and income growth in industries and regions with expanding exports should ensure that aggregate gains from trade are greater than zero. Our finding that increased exposure to import competition is associated with lower manufacturing employment and lower wages in exposed local labor markets does not contradict this logic. It just highlights that trade has distributional consequences. To establish a benchmark for the gains from trade with China, we utilize the framework in Arkolakis, Costinot, and Rodriguez-Clare (2010), which yields a simple formula for the gains from trade that holds under a variety of trade models.
Consider an increase in U.S. trade barriers that drives U.S. imports from China to zero. The log change in income that would be needed to keep income constant given the resulting reduction in trade is…[interesting equation work, won't copy/paste, look it up in the paper]….the log change in income needed to offset the loss of gains from trade would be 0.0007 to 0.0013 (depending on the value of ), equivalent to a change in income of $32 to $61 per capita [footnote: In 2007, U.S. income per capita was $46,700.] Of course, some of the lost imports from China would be offset by an increase in imports from other countries, meaning that the $32-$61 range represents an upper bound on the range of gains from trade with China.
One manner in which adjustment to import competition may eat into these gains from trade is through the deadweight loss associated with individual take-up of government transfers. Such a loss is not a distributional consequence of trade but a loss in economic efficiency associated with U.S. benefit programs. The coefficient estimate on exposure to import competition in the regression for the change in transfers per capita in column 1 of Table 8 implies that the increase in imports per worker from China over the period 1991 to 2007 is associated with an increase in annual per capita transfers of $129.
Using Gruberís (2010) estimate that the deadweight loss from transfers is equal approximately to 40% of their value, the increase in transfers resulting from import exposure implies an increase in deadweight loss over 1991 to 2007 of $52 per capita, a value very close to the gains from trade with China in 2007 that we computed above based on Arkolakis, Costinot, and Rodriguez-Clare (2010). Of course, the deadweight loss from transfers is not permanent, whereas the gains from trade are. As affected workers retire or expire, the loss in economic efficiency from transfers they receive as a consequence of trade with China would dissipate. Nevertheless, in the medium run it appears that losses in economic efficiency from increased usage of public benefits may be of the same order of magnitude as gains from trade from China.
The gains from trade with China are between $32 and $61 per person. (Don't spend it all in one place.) The deadweight losses are estimated at $52 from the transfer mechanisms in place. This is a very provocative framing and numerical analysis. One conclusion is that since the consequences of trade are very real, and the frictions involved in adjusting in the short and medium term are serious, the government needs to back a free trade regime with serious employment subsidies and mechanisms for coping with the consequences of trade. Another avenue of research that is very important is the argument that the reduced employment situation being temporary and the gains from trade being permanent. Are those, particularly the first, reasonable assumptions? Under what conditions might they break?
There's also a revolution in how we think of the losses from unemployment. Instead of being a vacation where you coach little league, there are serious consequences to health and happiness that come from a prolonged unemployment spell. How much worse does this look when that is taken into account?
I'm still debating on what to make of it, and where to go from this research. What's your take?
14 Responses to David Autor on Trade With China, Unemployment, Wage Loss and Redistribution.
So much for the EGH (Efficient Government Hypothesis). All the more reason to abolish the nanny state.
All along the supporters of compensating the US "losers" from trade with China should have supported compensating the Maine "losers" from trade with New York. But "progressives" have never understood principles and basic logic. For proof of this claim, see all the blogs that are appalled the Koch brothers are busing supporters into WI and cheerleading the DNC busing supporters into WI.
So, instead of trying to help out the losers of trade, we should what, let them rot?
I'd highly contest that 40% deadweight loss number, but given that as an assumption the actual consequences of how these numbers play out are quite interesting.
K. Williams says:
"The gains from trade with China are between $32 and $61 per person. (Don't spend it all in one place."
It's important to unpack what this number means, because in some important sense it's deceiving. It doesn't mean that consumers only reap $32 to $61 worth of per capita benefits from freer trade with China in the form of lower prices. In fact, the lower prices that result from free trade with China aren't counted, in Autor's analysis, as a benefit at all. The "gains from trade" are only "gains to consumers from increased product variety (Broda and Weinstein, 2006) and income growth in industries and regions with expanding exports." Now, there's a logic to this — the benefit American consumers reap from lower prices are offset, on the national level, from the loss in sales that American producers would otherwise reap. But it seems nonetheless like a peculiar way to define "gains from trade," at least if you're looking at it in distributional terms. The biggest gain from free trade that many, arguably most, American consumers reap is that their dollars go much further than they otherwise would, since consumer goods are much cheaper than they otherwise would be. And that gain in consumer surplus is obviously vastly greater than $32-$61 — a single purchase of a made-in-China consumer electronics product will save you more than that. Again, if you want to say that for the US as a whole this doesn't matter because it's offset by the loss of producer income, okay. But given that improving consumer surplus should be the goal of any well-functioning economy, it seems flawed at best.
lark says:
There is a long term effect on offspring when parents are unemployed or underemployed. When parental skills are no longer economically valuable, their children experience major degradation in life long economic prospects.
But let's not keep all these caveats from letting 'non-nationalistic' economists run experiments on our 'social body'! More invasive economic surgeries and amputations, please.
Dan in Euroland says:
I find it interesting that you don't consider the welfare gains to the Chinese (I understand the paper didn't, but you are trying to use it as a hammer.)
Can't say I am surprised. jingoist.
laudyms says:
What we've gotten is an elaborate trade-off that allows a certain select few (who don't make or do anything useful) to take a bite out of every transaction while the rest of us cope with the unmonetized pain. Globalism is major flim-flam especially in the face of peak-oil, peak soil, peak water ad nauseum.
Solomon Kleinsmith says:
I'd love to look at this paper… but the links to it are dead, and all the links I can find on Google are dead too. I wonder if having a link to it on Economist.com killed their server… Damnit.
Ken Houghton says:
Didn't kill their server; if you go to http://econ-www.mit.edu/faculty/ you can still find multiple paper links.
Paper appears to have been pulled for some reason.
Update: The link at Urbanomics to Hanson's site also is 404'd.
Starting to suspect they pulled the WP because of an error in it.
To find the paper:
1) Google it
2) click on Quick View or View as HTML instead of the pdf link
Quick view has nice formatting and allows the document to be saved (not sure of tables, etc come through during saving).
One example: the Quick View link for the econ-www.mit.edu/files/6477 link is:
http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:TT8cigdCfckJ:econ-www.mit.edu/files/6477+The+China+Syndrome:+Local+Labor+Market+Effects+of+Import+Competition+in+the+United+States,&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESj-n9KqWFryVH2OD2fkgH9rBCeHBWHy4ZCIPU18BWMNCGjamLQTkhzYWjUOjunXrw7iRBnLGBPs9dD1FMIyv4tX5u1NBshMPlejy6MNaK7g_91-fOtXMQ8B-KoJ8QQ4WXfulVZx&sig=AHIEtbTbD-4W9ka3rrbUw-Su5J5uWY7QgQ
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Ole Rogeberg says:
The paper is back up – now dated August 2011 and (as far as I can tell by comparing the abstract to your discussion) revised: http://econ-www.mit.edu/files/6613
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Home » About Us » Our Team
Vicar - Reverend Dr Gregory Seach
Fr Gregory comes to Malvern from the Diocese of Perth, where he has been the Warden of Wollaston Theological College since 2015. While there, he undertook lecturing at Murdoch and Charles Sturt Universities, and in the Schools of Philosophy and Theology, and Humanities at the University of Notre Dame, Australia (Fremantle).
A cradle Anglican who was born and raised in Sydney, his first degree was a Bachelor of Arts (with first class honours, in English Literature) at the University of Sydney.
He is greatly excited to work alongside the people of God at St George's, to minister to the people of Malvern, the City of Stonnington.
Rev'd Brenda Williams
Tel: 0481 – 162 667
Email: curate@stgeorgesmalvern.org
Brenda hails from England; a cradle Anglican who studied nursing and midwifery before serving as a medical missionary in NE Nigeria. Living in Australia since 1986 she worked as a Registered Nurse, Midwife and spent a decade in hospital management, before undertaking 3 years of Clinical Pastoral Education. Following authorised Lay parish roles she was ordained a Cleric in Holy Orders. Brenda has a passion for Hospital Chaplaincy and 'the stranger in distress'.
She volunteers with the Victorian Council of Churches Emergency Ministry team and is an Oblate of the Benedictine Abbey, Jamberoo.
Elizabeth-Anne Nixon
Email: music@stgeorgesmalvern.org
Elizabeth-Anne Nixon has been involved with church choirs as chorister, organist or director for the past 40 years. After growing up in Queensland with the inspiration and guidance of wonderful teachers, she began to focus on organ performance towards the end of her undergraduate degree. Her post-graduate studies gave her the opportunity to work with some of Australia and Europe's leading teachers and performers in the 90s. Since settling in Melbourne with her family, she has divided her professional life between teaching, performing and accompaniment, as well as her liturgical work. Elizabeth-Anne loves working with the St George's choir and sees the parish choir as an excellent opportunity for cross-generational friendship as well as shared music-making.
Nisha O'Brien
Email: office@stgeorgesmalvern.org
Jenny Weller-Newton
Judy Mallinson
Ravi Renjen
Geraldine Powell
Judy Wright
Venetia Patchett
Incumbency Committee
Ewan Morgan
Wardens, Parish Council and Incumbency Committee members are elected annually at the Annual General Meeting (usually held in November). Office bearers must take a 'sabbatical' year off after 6 years continuous service.
Worshippers who attend St George's are welcomed and encouraged to become part of the parish community and to serve in various worship roles and in assisting with practical tasks, as they feel able.
Note: The members mentioned above can be contacted by calling the office number in the first instance.
Parish Office Bearers Nomination for Election Form-October 2021
Parish-Office-Bearers-Nomination-for-Election-Form-October-2021.pdf (67kB)


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Humphrey Gets It Really Wrong.
By - on June 20, 2016
Normally, the crew here at Rocky Top have a general admiration of the Dean of the Capitol press corps, Tom Humphrey. Other than his occasional knee-jerk reflex to defend the administration, especially when it leans left, Humphrey is fairly straightforward. He doesn't always get the story right (who does in the MSM?) but he is accessible and generally fair-minded.
But in his Sunday column yesterday, where he highlighted three lawmakers who have recently made the news, Humphrey made an assertion that was wrong. Very wrong.
This from the Dean:
Durham…also has a corps of ardent defenders. Last week, for example, Rep. Billy Spivey, R-Lewisburg, wrote a letter to the chairman of the legislative committee overseeing the investigation to call for an end to an effort that "reeks of a political witch hunt."
Anyone who can make it from the cafeteria to the outdoor smoking lounge at LP knows that to call Rep. Billy Spivey a defender of Durham is factually, substantively and demonstrably untrue. In fact, Spivey has been one of Durham's most vociferous critics for both his professional and personal conduct, and his criticism of Durham long-preceded the current sexual harrasment accusations. Anyone who has asked Spivey his view of the Durham matter (which Humphrey obviously did not), know this is a fact. Spivey's distaste for Durham is why Speaker Harwell put Spivey on the Ad Hoc committee, figuring he would be a reliable executioner of Durham when the time came. And that is why Spivey's call to dissolve the Ad Hoc committee is significant.
Spivey's use of the term "witch hunt" was not referring to nor was it even remotely a defense of Durham. Spivey was simply giving voice to discussions that have been taking place between every member of the House GOP the last few weeks. They are profoundly concerned Harwell has made a political and legal mess of the Durham issue that threatens her leadership. But even more concerning to the legislators (and the RTP crew have talked more than a few) is that the AG investigation has turned into an Inquisition that appears more concerned about digging up personal information on other legislators who are unrelated to the Durham case than it does about Durham himself.
Such an investigation can and will result in political blackmail and intimidation if allowed to continue unchecked. That is the nature of politics and political power. And that is why Spivey took the bold step to blow the whistle on the investigation.
Tom Humphrey is not frequently wrong, but he needs to pen a correction regarding Spivey. And he and other journalists need to investigate the investigators, employing the same enthusiasm with which they have gone after Durham.


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Classic • Film • Hindi • Review
Sholay
Thakur Baldev Singh (Sanjeev Kumar), once a senior police officer, hires two small-time crooks, Veeru (Dharmendra) and Jaidev (Amitabh Bachchan), to bring the dreaded dacoit, Gabbar Singh (Amjad Khan), to him alive. Gabbar had been caught by the Thakur and sent to jail. He escaped soon after and had gunned down the Thakur's entire family, barring the youngest daughter-in-law, Radha (Jaya Bhaduri), who was away at the temple. In a violent rage, the Thakur rode unarmed to the ravines where Gabbar Singh reigned to confront him. Thinking humiliation a better revenge than death, the bandit hacked off the Thakur's arms. In the village, Veeru falls in love with the garrulous but winsome Basanti (Hema Malini), while the more serious Jaidev feels drawn to Radha. When Veeru goes late to a tryst with Basanti, he discovers she has been kidnapped by Gabbar's men. Walking into a trap, he is saved by Jaidev, who gives him cover to get Basanti away. Fatally wounded, Jaidev pretends he is mildly hurt, and sends Veeru away with Basanti. He manages to blow up a bridge and kill most of the bandits before he dies. Veeru comes back and corners Gabbar in the ravines, and is about to kill him when the Thakur arrives on the scene. He insists on fighting Gabbar alone, and hits out at Gabbar's arms with his hobnailed shoes. Gabbar's life is saved only when the police arrive and remind the Thakur that he cannot take the law in his own hands. Veeru decides to leave Ramgarh, but in the empty compartment of the train, he finds Basanti waiting for him…
Sholay became a legend, and by far the most successful film of its time, which ran for five consecutive years in a theatre (Minerva) in Bombay. Often described as India's best known 'Curry' western, Sholay was 'patterned' on Spaghetti westerns and bears a heavy influence of Raj Khosla's superb dacoit drama, Mera Gaon Mera Desh (1971), but the superb addition of the usual 'masalas' – romance, comedy, and songs gave it the ambiance that one expects of a typical commercial Hindi film. Ironically, the film opened to a lukewarm response and distributors asked the director to trim the film because of its length but soon the word of mouth spread and the rest, as the cliche goes, is history. While the dilution of the story with the tropes of mainstream Indian cinema did give the film a wider audience, it has to be said here that Khosla's film, which was also super successful, is the better and tighter film. That said the film, even if overrated in my eyes, has enough going for it to connect to its audiences the way it did and thereby get included in Upperstall as a classic film.
Sholay had all the elements of a Western – rugged countryside (the film was shot in the rocky landscape of Ramnagaram, a small village about 30 miles from Bangalore), bandits on horseback, fierce gun fights etc. But unlike the Hollywood westerns, which had moral issues as their core, Sholay, like Sergei Leonne's 'Spaghetti Westerns', was strewn with corpses and brutality. In fact, Sholay took film violence to new heights. A key factor in this was the villain, the cold-blooded killer, Gabbar Singh. Unlike earlier villains who were content to bring about a misunderstanding between the lovers' families, Gabbar seems to pursue evil as an end in itself. Played by newcomer Amjad Khan, Gabbar Singh was by far the most popular character of the film with his dialogues remembered till today! In fact, along with the music cassettes and records of the film, cassettes and records of the film's dialogues too were released and were extremely popular. Sholay was merchandised on water bottles, belts, jackets etc.
In a brilliantly executed sequence, Gabbar in his hideout taunts three of his men on a failed mission. In a form of Russian Roulette, he randomly removes three of the six bullets from his gun and holds the barrel of the gun to a man's temple and fires. When the gun doesn't go off he exclaims almost in child-like glee 'Bach Gaya Sala' (The bastard is saved)! Similarly this happens with the other two men. Laughing at his own cruel joke, his men too think they have got away with it and the other dacoits too join in. When the laughter reaches a feverish pitch, the entire ravine echoing with it, he turns around and shoots them. A deathly silence follows… Another sequence that makes a solid impact is when Gabbar is told that Sachin is on his way to the city. Gabbar's response is to kill a mosquito. Cut to Sachin's dead body in the village. Mention must also be made of the romance developed in silence between Jai and Radha with just exchange of looks, a fine counterpoint to the bositerous and more obvious Veeru – Basanti track, which one might add is enjoyable enough.
The film made use of several interesting innovations. This included its spectacular cinematography, with shots panning over rocky heights and barren canyons, often under menacing clouds. This lends the movie much of its eerie tension. One of the long opening scenes, which shows a train being defended by Baldev Singh against an attack by bandits, is quite spectacular in its effects, and is reminiscent of similar scenes in westerns, most notably John Ford's Stagecoach (1939) (Though it would be fair to mention that a stunt director came down from abroad and was responsible for the amazing action scenes of the film). Sholay, likewise, plays upon themes of nature versus culture, the encroachment of nature upon culture, and the meaning of civilization in wilderness.
The film makes superb use of the double headed coin. Veeru and Jai always toss it to decide which way to go. Each and every time, Jai calls heads and makes sure the morally correct choice is heads. In the end when Jai calls heads and stays back to fight Gabbar and is killed and the coin is revealed to be a double headed coin, not only do you feel a solid pang for Jai, but you admire writers Salim-Javed for the way they have used the coin to reveal Jai's character, his inner goodness with him always doing the right thing. This is something one finds rarely, if at all, in Indian cinema.
Though the film depicts the usual Indian themes of loyalty in friendship and love, what is notable is an almost total absence of family values. The two heroes have no visible family ties, neither has the heroine Hema Malini who only has a mausi as her closest relative. The Thakur who had a full fledged family sees it destroyed by Gabbar Singh. One expects this of bandits, but not of those who are 'good'.
Technicaly too, the film was a trailblazer. Shot in 70mm with stereophonic sound, Sholay was the ultimate big screen experience (It was India's first film in 70 mm with stereophonic sound). Mention must be made of Dwarka Diwecha's stunning camerawork and RD Burman's evocative background score, particularly the title track of the film, which help elevate the film even further. Strangely, the songs did not prove to be as popular as they should have been with many critics even caling them disappointing. However, Yeh Dosti (utilized superbly in its sad version), Jab Tak Hai Jaan, Holi Ke Din, Jab Bhi Koi Haseena and Mehbooba Mehbooba all go along perfectly with their situations.
Perhaps Sholay's phenomenal success can be attributed to perhaps the way it was able to blend the various items or 'masalas' required in a Hindi film in exactly the right doses. Practically every scene, dialogue and even a small character was a highlight. Even Dhanno, the horse of the tangewali, Hema Malini is remembered till today! Every small character be it the Jailor (Asrani), Mausi (Leela Mishra) or Sambha (Mac Mohan) – they are etched in viewer's minds. And it must be said, the ensemble cast is spot on. Each of the performances is faultless but as mentioned, Gabbar Singh towers above all. It is Amjad Khan who makes Sholay what it is. But that isn't really surprising. As Alfred Hitchcock always said, "Better the villain, better the film!"
Naturally Sholay set several trends in its aftermath. Spates of multi-starrers and films with male bonding amongst heroes followed. The theme of Sholay was much imitated but none could match up to the original. And no, one is not even getting into a mention for the hideous RGV Ki Aag, possibly the worst tribute ever to a classic film like Sholay.
Hindi, Action, Drama, Color
1975 Amitabh Bachchan Amjad Khan Dharmendra Hema Malini Jaya Bhaduri Ramesh Sippy RD Burman Salim-Javed Sanjeev Kumar
Sulochana
Dev Anand
Rajat says:
You are wrong about the lukewarm response part it got an earth shattering opening
https://boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=4183
You have hardly given any credit to dharmendra but truth is if sholay is remade and any big star plays the role of dharmendra no other big star would do the role of amitabh


In Massachusetts, federal and state authorities will reportedly be launching an official investigation after a construction worker was killed on Tuesday afternoon while helping to build the $2.4 billion Wynn Boston Harbor integrated casino resort.
According to Wednesday reports from The Boston Globe newspaper and the MassLive.com news service, the deceased worker was named as Joe Teixeira from the nearby town of Seekonk. The 56-year-old man was apparently seriously injured while dismantling a trench box on the south side of the 33-acre waterfront site before later being pronounced dead at Massachusetts General Hospital.
Elaine Driscoll from the Massachusetts Gaming Commission reportedly stated that the regulator had been 'deeply saddened' by the death before revealing that 'the appropriate local authorities', as well as federal officials from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, are now set to 'conduct a comprehensive review of the circumstances surrounding this incident'.
"We extend our most heartfelt sympathy to the worker's loved ones," Driscoll reportedly told MassLive.com.
Teixeira was reportedly employed by local construction firm J Derenzo Companies with the family-owned company declaring that he had lost his life as a result of 'injuries sustained at the Wynn Boston [Harbor] job site'.
"Our deepest-felt thoughts and prayers are with Joe's family, friends and co-workers as well as everyone impacted by this incident," reportedly read a statement from the Brockton-based construction firm.
A venture of Wynn Resorts Limited, the five-star Wynn Boston Harbor is scheduled to open in the northern Boston suburb of Everett in June of 2019 featuring some 671 hotels rooms alongside a 150,000 sq ft casino offering at least 3,000 slots as well as 168 gaming tables. The single-phase private development is reportedly the largest in the history of the small eastern state and sees approximately 1,500 construction workers turn up on site every day.
The Boston Globe reported that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has conducted four prior workplace safety and health standard investigations into the many firms helping to construct the Wynn Boston Harbor with a trio of these still ongoing. These purportedly relate to a worker being hit by an excavator bucket, an employee being injured as a result of falling down a shaft and an incident that saw a worker require treatment after the scissor lift from which he was working toppled over.


In year one, kids spend hours and hours learning letters and sounds. It may all seem simple to us grown-ups, but for brand new readers, it's serious business. In teacher talk, it's part of a process called "phonemic awareness," and it couldn't be more important for reading and spelling development. Without these phonemic connections, reading can be nearly impossible.
Paint the plates: paint the underside of one plate green and paint the serving surface of the other plate red. Put the plates aside to dry.
Use the scissors to cut four frog legs from the green construction paper. Each leg should be about 5 inces long and 1 inch wide. If your child can handle the scissors, have her try cutting a wavy edge onto the bottom of each frog leg to look like a froggie foot.
Make sure the plates are dry enough that they can be handled.
Start by stacking the plates with the green one on the bottom and the red on top, so the plain white sides facing each other. Help your child fold the plates sandwiched together in half across the diameter of the plates. You've just made a semicircular froggie head with a big red mouth space inside!
Stick two froggie legs on each side of the semicircle, inserting them between the bottom green and red sandwiched layer. Now have your child use the glue to attach the frog legs to the green layer and then have her use the glue to attach the green layer to the red. When you're done, make sure that the plates are folded so that there is a semicircle with legs sticking out.
Glue two cotton balls onto the top green layer of the semicircle and then glue a googly eye onto each one.
Now for some extra fun: Take out your party blower, and invite your child to blow it all the way out, so that it's fully extended. Hold it fully spread out on a table and have your child write "F" followed by "FROG" in large black letters on the tongue. Be careful not to tug too hard—you want the party blower to roll right back up when you're done!
Cut a slit in the fold of your plates (where the plates are folded in half to form a semicircle) and insert the plastic blower end of the party blower all the way through so there is enough of the plastic end sticking out of the back to still be able to blow the "tongue" out. The extendable end should stick out of the rounded part of the semicircle. Use a few dabs of glue to anchor the plastic section to the plates.
Invite your child, or any relative or friend, to blow the party blower. The froggie's tongue has a delightful, homemade message: "F" is for "Frog" and your child is sure to remember it!
As an added bonus, try making this phonics craft when you and your child are also reading one of the many early reading books that feature frogs, such as the "Froggie" series or "Toad and Frog." Invite your child to play with the "phonics frog" as you are reading, and then see if she can retell the story using the puppet. This boosts a second crucial reading skill: comprehending a story enough to explain it in sequence.
Fish begins with the letter F! colour in the flashcards featuring the letter F then cut them out and use them to play memory and spelling games.
C is for cup? This worksheet helps kids review beginning sounds by asking them to say the name of each picture and circle the letter it starts with.


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60-Second Science
Poll: Science, Though Beneficial, Losing Importance
The American public likes science, but thinks that its achievements are less important than they were a decade ago. That's according to telephone surveys conducted by the Pew Research Center and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Steve Mirsky reports
[The following is an exact transcript of this podcast.]
The results are in, and, Americans pretty much like science. Eighty-four percent of those polled think that "science's effect on society" is mostly positive. That's the result of two phone surveys conducted by the Pew Research Center and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, released on July 9th.
Seventy-three percent believe that federal funding of basic research pays off in the long run. But the public's rating of the overall significance of science seems to have dropped in the last 10 years. In 1999, 47 percent of those polled said that scientific advances were among the most important U.S. achievements. Today, only 27 percent think so.
And Americans are aware of scientific info much more when it's related to their daily lives and health. For example, 91 percent know that aspirin's an over-the-counter drug sometimes used to prevent heart attacks; only 46 percent can tell you which are bigger, electrons or atoms.
To gauge your general basic science knowledge, including on the atom/electron question, take the test at pewresearch.org/sciencequiz
—Steve Mirsky
The Surprising Physics of Finger Snapping
60-Second Science - By Karen Hopkin05:12
Salvador Dali's Creative Secret Is Backed by Science
60-Second Science - By Christopher Intagliata03:43
A Growing Force of Fiery Zombies Threatens Cold Northern Forests
60-Second Science - By Emily Schwing10:21
Listen to This New Podcast: Lost Women of Science
60-Second Science - By Katie Hafner and The Lost Women of Science Initiative04:48
Canary Islands Eruption Resets Volcano Forecasts
COVID Quickly, Episode 21: Vaccines against Omicron and Pandemic Progress
60-Second Science - By Josh Fischman and Jeffery DelViscio05:22


A skeptic came up to an evangelist after a meeting one night. The skeptic told the evangelist that life was meaningless without purpose and that he wasn't even sure of the validity of the concept of evil. The world, in his view, was just spinning on, regardless of whatever happened on it.
The evangelist looked and the skeptic thoughtfully then asked him one question.
"Sir, if I were to take a baby and put him on the stage in front of you right now, then proceeded to hack him ruthlessly to pieces with a sword, would you think that I have done something wrong."
"Well," the skeptic responded after a long pause, "I would neither like nor enjoy what you did, but I could not say that you did something wrong."
"My friend," replied the evangelist, "While you may deny the fact of evil and the responsibility of evil, even you cannot run from the feeling of evil. You may want to consider why you don't like that feeling or you will end up in a world of chaos and cruelty."
The reality of evil points us to God and His answer on the cross.


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It's 2018 and just about everyone is using online chemical analysis apps, regardless of their sexed predilection or grammatical category identity. So why are all of the most nonclassical apps noneffervescent configured with only unbent group in mind? By it's rattling premise, which requires the woman in a match to send the premier message, foul up assumes that its users are straight.
Q: I'm having doubts just about my girlfriend's heterosexuality. She says she's attracted to men, but habitually fawns play naked women on the internet. She says it's 'cause she finds the female body beautiful, but I think it's more than that. point I cried in my best friend's driveway because she was exit to get her nails done with some co-workers and I was like, "WHAT THE HELL IS incorrect WITH ME." So I searched my causal agent and realized that I wanted her to take off her raiment and nest with me on the sofa, which doesn't necessarily make a person gay, but I was definitely in love with her.


Do you love DIY? I do! Do you have a wide range of interests, and a desire to everything better? Well, then have I got a blog for you! When you check out the Desperate Houselife blog, one thing is clear–blogger Angie Briggs has a TON of ideas and tips to share. That's why I am giving it this week's Saturday ShoutOut.
This blog is loaded with useful information, helpful tips, and clever commentary. That's why I am giving it a big 'thumbs up" and recommending it to all of you! Take a moment the next time you are surfing the web. I think you'll agree, there's something for everyone on this blog. Enjoy!


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How Long Should I Keep My Backups? - Ask Leo!
Having a regular backup in place is critical - but then what? I'll look at how long you might want to keep those backups, why, and how long I keep my backups.
Whenever I back up my computer, how long should I keep my backups? I have some from years ago, and I want to delete them.
The answer depends on the reason you made a backup in the first place.
Let's look at some of the reasons, and the implication of each on what's more formally called "data retention".
Safety net – backups taken specifically to protect yourself when taking a risky action.
Regular – backups you take automatically on a periodic schedule.
Archive – backups intended to be kept as a long-term archive.
Some backups are made simply as a safety net prior to some risky event. In case something goes wrong, you can restore your system to its status before that risky action.
For example, you might back up your registry prior to installing software you don't completely trust. Another example might be a system-image backup of your entire computer, taken just before upgrading the operating system.
These types of backups are often temporary. Once the risk has passed, and you're certain you'll never have to revert to that backup, there's no need to keep it.
That could be moments, hours, days, or weeks, depending on what it takes to feel confident that you'll never need to revert. Typically, it's closer to days than weeks.
I consider regularly scheduled backups to be the most important way to protect yourself from data loss.
My general recommendation is to use backup software to automate a monthly full-image backup of your machine with intervening daily incremental backups. The specifics – monthly and daily – are less important than actually having something that happens automatically, with no need for you to remember and take action.
There's no set answer as to how long you should keep these, as it really depends on your own configuration, needs, and storage capacity. You might discard backups older than a month, or perhaps a year. You might decide to keep specific snapshots for longer, "just in case", but discard the majority.
I keep daily incremental backups for a month, until the next full backup occurs.
I keep monthly full backup images for at least three months.
I keep the full backup images for each quarter for an additional year.
I want to mention one additional type of backup that many might not consider to be a backup at all: what I call an archive. An archive, to me, is a collection of data is intended to be kept forever, even though it's not necessarily needed now, or needed daily. For example, those backups that I keep "pretty much forever", above, might be considered archive copies of the long-defunct machines they represent. Similarly, the fact that I copy my photographs to cloud storage, in addition to backing them up locally, might also be considered archival.
The concept of archiving is truly data-dependent. There's no need to archive your operating system updates for posterity, but your correspondence, photographs, and other more personal items might be appropriate for archival.
Then keep it a while longer.
Before answering that, we also need to look at what's been backed up, and what the implications of "needing it again" might be.
A complete system restore to a backup image resets everything on that machine to the condition it was in on the day the backup was taken.
Everything since the time that backup was made is lost.
For example, perhaps on September 1, I restore my computer to a full image backup that was taken on June 1. All changes between June 1 and September 1 (that haven't been saved elsewhere) are lost.
As you can imagine, then, while I might very well restore to an image of a few days ago because of a system failure or other catastrophic event, I certainly won't be restoring my system to the image taken on January 1 two years ago.
Those images are valuable because of the files they contain. While I might never completely restore my entire machine to their contents, I can still use my back-up software to explore and restore specific files from the backups taken on those earlier dates. And because they're image backups – backups of absolutely everything – I know that anything on the machine at that time can be recovered.
Can I just keep making incremental backups after I've made a full image backup? - Incremental backups, in a practical sense, have a limited shelf life. I'll explain why a full backup once a month is just about right.
1: In reality, "forever" often turns out to be about five or ten years. Every so often, I go into a clean-up frenzy and delete individual backups I'm confident will never, ever be needed.
Hello, Leo. I'm a 75-year old computer newbie …not really a "newbie" at my age, but a novice computer user nonetheless. I use a system called "Registry Booster" to "clean up" my registry …. I don't know why I need to do this, but do it anyway. I only use this laptop for emailing to my kids and friends, for my Blockbuster account, to order online crap I don't really need, to research stuff for crossword puzzles, "streaming" music sites and for online banking purposes. So, nothing really complicated or technical involved. So my comment is …..do I really need "backups" and a registry cleaner? If I don't need backups and they're taking up space, how can I delete same to allow more computer space?
My thoughts on registry cleaners are here: What's the best registry cleaner?
If your computer's hard disk was suddenly blank and everything on it were permanently lost, would that be a problem? If so, then you definitely need backups. And as that statement implies backups should never be to the same hard disk; they should be to another hard disk. These days that's typically an external USB drive.
I keep around 10 days worth of System Restore points. Sometimes it is the best or only way to uninstall something that didn't work out. An uninstaller may leave a lot of stuff behind or not work at all.
As well as System State and My Docs backups (using the standard Microsoft tools), I use Macrium Reflect to create a ghost image once a week. I don't make that many changes, so I find that keeping My Docs, System State, and a ghost image dating back two weeks is suitable for me. I also use Puppy Linux as a back up OS, so I can retreive .pst files and anything else I might need before restoring from a source that I might have made two days ago, but is never more than two weeks old.
I use the third party product from Symantec: BESR (Backup Exec System Restore) which takes full drive images or can be setup to schedule full & incremental / differential backups and from that you recover your system in it's entirety or portions that may get damaged from disk failure file corruption etc.
I find I need to clear out backups more often because the 2 TB drives fill up so fast (weekly full / daily incremental). Also, I just learned a lesson – Don't forget to look at your backups once in awhile. I thought I had set up Macrium Reflect to backup my D drive as well as C when creating an image backup, but ooops, it wasn't backing up D for weeks, about the time I upgraded to Windows 10. Luckily, I noticed it before something bad happened.
I've reported here and there a few times about the time I discovered corrupted files on the external disk that holds my working files. Then I discovered I had been backing up dozens of corrupted files for several months.
I've been keeping backups for almost a year, limited by the capacity of my five backup disks with near-daily, weekly, and monthly layers. I think I'll take Leo's hint and add another disk or two for annual backups. Disks are cheaper than data.
I don't have an off-site place to keep backups. Instead, I keep my two weekly disks in my basement, in a plastic food-storage container.
I find the typical 1TB USB disks (Western Digital and Seagate) are too "cheap". They fail too easily.
The accounting company where I work keeps backups forever. At the start of the month, the backup drive is swapped out and taken off-site, and eventually goes to long-term storage. And yes, there have been a few times when a drive (or previously, a tape) was retrieved from long-term storage.
Several commenters have mentioned this but I think it needs to be stated explicitly. The article talks about how long you might *want* to keep several types of backups, but its the capacity of your backup media that determines how long you'll *be able* to. Backing up to DVD or tape is a pain, but it can't be beat for long-term retention. When you're out of media you just go to Staples and buy more. But when you're backing up to disk, you have to consider how many full and incremental backups the disk can hold. If your backup device holds ten times as much as the disk(s) you're backing up, that puts an absolute limit of ten on the number of full backups you can keep. Or, depending on your change rate, a smaller number of full backups and some incrementals.
A 100 GB system which is probably less than many of the people reading this have would take about 20 DVDs at a cost of about $6.00. 10 of those backup sets will get you a 2TB external hard drive which will hold 20 backups. Less time less cost, a more stable backup, and you can reuse any of the disk space when you determine you no longer need any of those backups. I'd go for the extra drives.
Yeah, DVDs really aren't a good choice for backups for a variety of reasons – not least of which is the fact that DVDs are going the way of the dodo (or should that be going the way of the 5.25″ floppy?). Fewer and fewer devices will ship with DVD drives and, consequently, it'll become harder and harder to access the data on them.
Yes, there is always a small chance I will lose a file if a problem occurs between backups but in all my years of computing this has never happened. In any case, critical personal files (medical/financial) are immediately (for all practical purposes) replicated to another local machine via BitTorrent Sync.


text:
Эли́на Ви́ртаала (; ) — финская кёрлингистка и тренер по кёрлингу.

Достижения
 : серебро (2015—2016, 2017—2018, 2018—2019), бронза (2013—2014, 2014—2015, 2016—2017, 2019—2020).
 : серебро (2018), бронза (2020).
 : золото (2017, 2018, 2019), серебро (2020).

Команды

(скипы выделены полужирным шрифтом)

Результаты как тренера национальных сборных

Примечания

Тренеры по кёрлингу Финляндии
Кёрлингисты по алфавиту
Кёрлингисты Финляндии

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home News Update Supreme Court dismisses State government of Chhattisgarh's appeal in the toolkit case
Supreme Court dismisses State government of Chhattisgarh's appeal in the toolkit case
On Wednesday, the Supreme Court discharged the Chhatisgarh appeal put up by stimulating the High Court's order staying the investigation into the FIR filed against Dr Raman Singh, BJP National Vice President and former Chief Minister, and BJP Spokesperson Sambit Patra for their tweets claiming that the Congress party has prepared a toolkit to tarnish the country's image in the international community.
While staying the probe, it noted that "prima facie, no case is brought out against the petitioner, and criminal proceedings are obviously attended against the petitioner with malafides, or political animosity."
When so many individuals have contacted different courts throughout the country in regard to Toolkit matters, the Bench stated that this case cannot be given special consideration.
The two special leave applications submitted by the State of Chhattisgarh against the Chhattisgarh High Court's judgement of June 11, 2021, were dismissed by a Bench consisting of Justice Surya Kant, CJI NV Ramana, and Justice Hima Kohli.
The Bench stated right away that the case should be decided by the High Court. Senior Advocate Abhishek Manu Singhvi, representing the State of Chhattisgarh, emphasised the importance of a true hearing by the High Court, given the Court's observations in the impugned decision.
We are not willing to interfere, so don't waste your time. Allow the High Court to make its decision. That observation will be removed. According to the Bench.
At the request of one Akash Sharma, State President of the National Student Union of India (NSUI), Chhattisgarh, an FIR was filed against Dr Raman Singh and Sambit Patra under Sections 504 (Intentional insult with the purpose of causing a breach of the peace), 505 (1) (c), and 188 of the Indian Penal Code. The FIR dated May 19, 2021, was made by a political person with political motivations, according to the High Court's challenged ruling.
A Single Court of Appeal According to Narendra Kumar Vyas, the police filed the FIR without investigating the complaint's veracity, and no case can be brought out from the FIR's face. As a result, continuing the inquiry based on the contested FIR would constitute an abuse of the legal system.
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2013-2014 Calendar of Events
I am very happy to announce the 2013–2014 Calendar of Events for The Robert & Carol Morris Center for 21st Century Music. We've put together an outstanding set of musical events this season. Adventurous listeners are sure to be both delighted and challenged by the rich selection of pieces, performers, and venues. We look forward to seeing you in the avant-musical trenches! – David Felder, Director
Slee Sinfonietta
Music of Boulez, Ravel and Varèse
Case Scaglione, conductor, and Julia Bentley, mezzo soprano
Music of Martino, Milhaud, Revueltas, and Stravinsky
Robert Treviño, conductor
Music of Reynolds and Varèse
James Baker, conductor, and Laura Mercado Wright, mezzo soprano
Faculty Composers: David Felder, Joshua Fineberg, Philippe Hurel, Hilda Paredes, Bernard Rands
Resident Ensembles: Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra, Court-Circuit, Ensemble Signal, Meridian Art Ensemble, Norrbotten Neo, Slee Sinfonietta
Special Guest: Irvine Arditti
Monday, June 2 – Sunday, June 8, 2014
Wednesday Lecture Series
Ensemble Son and Either/Or
Monday, September 30 – Thursday, October 3, 2013
Wilhem Latchoumia, pianist, and Franck Bedrossian, composer
Wednesday, October 16 – Thursday, 17, 2013
Composer/Choreographer Workshop Presentations
Arditti Quartet
Third Coast Percussion Residency
Monday, March 24 – Tuesday, March 25, 2014
Roger Reynolds
Monday, April 7 – Wednesday, April 9, 2014
Cosponsored Events
A Musical Feast
Burchfield Penney Art Center
Birthday Concert for David Felder
Burchfield Penny Art Center
Music in Buffalo's Historic Places
Christopher Guzman, pianist
Greatbatch Pavilion, Darwin Martin Complex
UB faculty performs Berio's Sequenzas
Kleinhans Music Hall, main stage
For well over forty years, the Music Department at the University at Buffalo has maintained and nurtured a commitment to creative and performing artists at the forefront of contemporary music. The Center for 21st Century Music is built on this legacy, featuring the internationally renowned "June in Buffalo" festival, the Slee Sinfonietta Chamber Orchestra concert series, The Wednesday Series of performances, lecture presentations, and workshops, and the performance activities of the Hiller Computer Music Studios. The Center for 21st Century Music is dedicated to the creation and production of new work upholding the highest artistic standards of excellence while simultaneously fostering a complementary atmosphere of creative research.
The activities of the Center are made possible through funds from Robert G. Morris and Carol L. Morris, the Cameron Baird Foundation, the New York State Music Fund, the Aaron Copland Fund, the Ditson Fund, the Birge-Cary Chair in Music, the College of Arts and Sciences at the University at Buffalo and other generous supporters.
For more information please visit www.music21c.org.
Interview with Emi Ferguson, Adjunct Assistant Pro...
Interview with Yuki Numata Resnick, Assistant Prof...


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Arts + Culture, Reviews
Living to Tell the Tale – Gabriel Garcia Marquez (Book Review)
Date: October 16, 2012Author: Miss Roses 7 Comments
From Sucre to Aracataca, I've been to Colombia (solely via reading Living to Tell the Tale). The temperatures were almost always high above measure and occasionally the insomniac rain, if not storm, hit hard just to boast of immensity. But even then, men and women in long rain coats and fancy hats walked down the streets, protected by divine intervention, even more than their perfectly round-shaped umbrellas.
More than anything, this book brings out the ingenious grit and wit with which Colombians treasure Spanish, great writers and utmost—the power of literature. "The greatest invention of all must surely be writing. Despite its complicated early systems, anyone learnt it. The reason revealed in the ancient Egyptian scribal-training texts which emphasize the superiority of being a scribe over all other career choices. The earliest scribes understood that literacy was power—a power that now extends to most humanity, and has done more for human progress than any other invention," writes Tom Standage for Intelligent Life, in the debate—what's the greatest invention of all time?
The magic in this book, Gabriel being the unparalleled fiction writer and literature's father of magical realism, lies in the tales of his real life, that shaped the creative writer and journalist he became. A powerful lesson is that, we can spend years, and time traveling in search of ourselves while what we were searching for all along was right home inside of us only needing to be triggered. Gabriel unexpectedly, finally finds the inspiration he'd been searching for, to write and be his own man, in his childhood memories (which he recounts candidly, from breaking his virginity to a whore to being prescribed 'less reading' as medicine when his life-long suffering from insomnia began at the age of twelve) when the then budding journalist, in his twenties, accompanies his mother on a journey back to their native. "My mother asked me to go with her to sell the house," the first sentence in the first chapter.
If you are familiar with Gabriel's works, this book's utter beauty is in the encounters that inspired and shaped his thought process while writing his books, some of which top among the world's best books of all time including One Hundred Years of Solitude—which he makes a shocking revelation about here. Gabriel writes about his brother, "Yiyo in the most difficult years of poverty became a writer and journalist by sheer hard work. He died at the age of fifty-four, almost not enough time to publish a book of more than 600 pages of masterful research into the secret life of One Hundred Years of Solitude, which he had worked on for years without my knowing about it and even making a direct inquiry of me." My copy of Gabriel's One Hundred Years of Solitude has 422 pages. Did he get some excerpts from his brother's? It's not mentioned, so we'll probably never know. But did his brother inspire him? I believe so.
Some mind-blowing discoveries include the revelation of the origin of Gabriel's imaginations, so real, like Macondo (a famous fictional magical town often existing in his novels). Also as interesting is the fact that Gabriel's parents' previously forbidden love inspired the premise of his book Love in the Time of Cholera— the unconventional love story of an old couple Florentino Ariza and Fermina Daza, who were able to still fall in love in their olden days after their cat and mouse cataclysm that lasted half a century. When his grandparents finally permitted his parents to get married, Gabriel says their story was no longer captivating so to prolong and remodel his book's characters he got inspired by the story of an old couple murdered on a deck (a case he encountered during his journalism days). To him, fascinating was the fact that the victims were at the time of death both married to different partners. FYI, Love in the Time of Cholera's last scene is on a deck where Florentina and Fermina, old, are finally together, free from their former partners and falling in love. Anew.
It's alleged that Gabriel locked himself in for over two years recalling and researching on his life whilst writing Living to Tell the Tale (his latest publication first out in 2002) in fear of looming death, right after his battle with lymphatic cancer. He writes, "While talking to papa about the difficulty many writers had in writing their memoirs when they could no longer remember anything, Cuqui, just six years old, drew the conclusion with masterful simplicity: he said, 'The first thing a writer ought to write is his memoirs, when he can still remember everything'."
At the point at which this memoir ends, Gabriel has risen from grass to grace and is now able to support his family. The bachelor sets on a trip to France for an international conference. The trip which was meant to take a few weeks eventually saw him stay there for a few years. At [it's] onset he jokingly writes a letter to Mercedes, the woman he had been exchanging letters and pleasantries with, "This was not meant to be more than five lines to give her official notice of my trip. I signed it: 'If I do not receive an answer to this letter within a month, I'll stay and live in Europe forever.' It was Friday. On Thursday of the following week, when I walked into the hotel in Geneva at the end of another useless day of international disagreements, I found her letter of reply." That's the last sentence in Living to Tell the Tale.
Mercedes waited years for Gabriel, who later married her. They have two sons.
By the time the book ends, none of Gabriel's acclaimed books have been published, only his first novel 'Leaf Storm' which Gabriel (who BTW studied law under his father's duress) highly recounts as his best expression and most honest to date. I have to find that book. Explains why Living to Tell the Tale was meant to be the first of a trilogy of Gabriel's self-authored biographies but could sadly turn out to have been the last of his new works as Gabriel now suffers from dementia caused by the intensive cancer treatment. His brother J'aime whom in this book, he shared an affectionate relationship with says (via the Guardian UK), "Gabriel has problems with his memory. Sometimes I cry because I feel like I am losing him."
At the finale, the man, who would years later, win the prestigious Nobel Peace prize of literature, has just discovered his calling for writing but still, is in search of himself. On the way to the airport now a well-respected writer in his country, Gabriel bumps into one of the porters from his former office who then asks, "What I don't understand Gabriel is why you never told me who you are." He answers, "I couldn't tell because even I don't know who I am yet."
In essence, this book is about the struggle to find oneself, one's art and path in a world filled with responsibilities and expectations. I pray that Gabriel writes again. If he doesn't, I'll still be happy he lived to tell tales and part of his tale. All that inspired me a whole load. The book is really deep and humanizes the legendary Gabriel Garcia Marquez making him that light-hearted vagabond and carousing yet insightful soul we all need to befriend. So much, sometimes I shed a few tears while reading it (Shhh … don't tell anyone). It's almost as if I was reading on his journey while I was on one myself. Heck, aren't we all on one anyway?
BONUS: Living to Tell the Tale's prologue, "Life is not what one lived, but what one remembers and how one remembers it in order to recount it." Here's another of my posts you might dig: 11 Quotes From 'Living to Tell the Tale' – Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Book ReviewGabriel Marquez GarciaLove Writing
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7 thoughts on "Living to Tell the Tale – Gabriel Garcia Marquez (Book Review)"
Heidig says:
This is a great post. I love how you look at Gabo, and his influences!
gatahikimani says:
Great post. I will look for these on my next budget. And you recount the story masterfully without spoiling it for us. Mucho gracias!
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Cardiff City players Callum Paterson, Kadeem Harris, Alex Smithies and Danny Ward took time away from the club to pay a visit this week to the Sir Julian Hodge Hostel, which is run by homeless people charity, The Wallich in Roath, Cardiff. They took along gifts of waterproof coats, fleeces and backpacks.
Pictured with the players is far left Cardiff City Supporters' Trust vice chair David Craig, Ben Ramsay, Project Co-ordinator for Cardiff Solutions and Rob Minchin, Project Manager, Sir Julian Hodge Hostel (right).
Before Saturday's Manchester United game, the Trust's supported charity, The Wallich, will hold a bucket collection in aid of its vital work with homeless people. Cardiff City Football Club is fully supporting the collection.
Many fans will be well aware of the growing number of people living on the streets of our cities and towns in recent years. Some sadly have passed away. In the 21st century, no one should be dying on our streets.
Cardiff City fans have always been very generous and we hope they will give as much as they can to this worthwhile collection. Money raised will help fund The Wallich's Cardiff Nightshelter, which provides safety, warmth and comfort to 23 people each night, who would otherwise be forced to sleep rough.
The Wallich, which started its work 40 years ago in Cardiff, is now giving help and advice to homeless and vulnerable people through 65 projects across Wales.
Recent home victories have been celebrated at the end of the game by a light show emanating from the stadium floodlights mounted on the stands.
One of our Trust members raised the issue of the potential impact of the display on him, and others like him, as a light sensitive epilepsy sufferer, so we discussed the matter with the club, whose prompt and helpful reply can be summarised as follows.
When the lighting system was being designed for installation, the club had an expert`s report commissioned to ensure that the lights would not cause such a problem. The report, written by a FIFA,UEFA and Premier League approved expert, concluded that the frequency of the flashing lights being used by the club would not have a stroboscopic effect which might lead to problems with epilepsy.
In addition, as a "failsafe", the club has positioned warning notices at turnstiles and in concourses stating that flashing images and lights might be used in the stadium.
We have asked the club to also ensure that prominent messages are also relayed via the stadium big screens by way of similar notification.
The club will be paying a £600.00 subsidy for each coach travelling to Watford.
On behalf of the Foxes Trust and, more widely, of the whole Leicester City family, I would like to thank you for the support given to our club and our fans during the match at your stadium on Saturday, 3 November 2018.
It has been well-documented what an unusual, indeed unprecedented, occasion the match was likely to be. In the event, it was completed with great dignity, great solemnity and a true feeling of togetherness from the whole footballing community.
The people of Cardiff were magnificent to our travelling fans – yes, even those people whose main focus for the day was on certain rugby international. The provision of free food for our fans was a wonderful touch by Cardiff City. The pre-match ceremonies, including the exchange of flags, was done with great dignity. The players of both teams can hold their heads high that, despite the circumstances, they produced a properly competitive game of football.
The scene at the end of the match, when Leicester City's squad and staff came to be with the travelling fans was unlike anything any of us have witnessed before. For those Leicester fans who were at the game, it will be one they never forget. That 15-minutes will mean that for 3,000 Leicester fans, Cardiff, Cardiff City Football Club and the Cardiff City Stadium will always have a special place in our memories and our hearts.
We will also be sending a letter directly to Cardiff City Football Club, expressing the same sentiments.
Cardiff fans and on the day had created a memorable banner, which now has a prominent position in the place of remembrance for Khun Vichai at the King Power Stadium. It simply states, "Blue together".
Cardiff City Football Club has kindly agreed to allow the Trust supported charity, The Wallich, to hold a bucket collection in aid of its vital work with homeless people across Wales.he bucket collection will take place before the headline match against Manchester United on Saturday, December 22nd.
Trust chairman, Keith Morgan, said: "We are thrilled at this generous gesture by the club and wish to thank chief executive, Ken Choo, for agreeing to the collection.
"The fact that the collection will be on the Saturday before Christmas is poignant because it is at this time of the year, probably more than any other, that the vulnerability of the less fortunate members of society comes into sharp focus.
"The Wallich, which started its work 40 years ago in Cardiff, is now giving help and advice to homeless and vulnerable people through 65 projects across Wales.
The Trust has chosen The Wallich as its charity for the current season.
Michael Cowley, fundraising and partnerships senior manager for The Wallich said: "We are really grateful to the Cardiff City Supporters' Trust and the club for their support and the opportunity to promote the work of The Wallich at such a high-profile fixture.
"The money raised will help fund our Cardiff Nightshelter which offers safety, warmth and comfort to 23 people each night who would otherwise be forced to sleep rough.
Cardiff City Executive Director & CEO, Ken Choo, said: "Cardiff City FC is very pleased to be supporting the Supporters' Trust's chosen charity, The Wallich, again this winter.
Cardiff City Supporters' Trust is delighted to announce that it has made a £3,000 donation to the work of the Cardiff City Foundation.
The Foundation is an independent charity set up by Cardiff City Football Club to help young people in the community offer opportunities for education, training and work, in addition, to encouraging a healthier lifestyle through sport.
Trust chair Keith Morgan said: "We are very pleased to support the valuable work of the foundation across south Wales and feel it is crucial that we also make a contribution to local society.


Here are two shells for your Tuesday. They each approach the question of "What makes a complete drawing?" differently. Both succeed in giving a significant idea of shell without throughly representing a shell in realistic detail. It reminds me tangentially of the R. Buckminster Fuller quote, "When I am working on a problem, I never think about beauty but when I have finished, if the solution is not beautiful, I know it is wrong." Somehow removing the superfluous lines makes it a stronger solution. Happy Tuesday Y'all!


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Q: Mysql searching records containing wildcards I have a table with tens of thousands of VIN numbers. Many of them look along the lines of this:
6MMTL#A423T######
WVWZZZ3BZ1?######
MPATFS27H??######
SCA2D680?7UH#####
SAJAC871?68H06###

The # represents a digit and the ? a letter (A-Z).

I want to search for the following: 6MMTL8A423T000000.

I am struggling to work out the logic. Should I use a function? Should I use mysql regex?

A: A regular expression match would be a good way to approach this problem.  What you need to do is convert the vin expressions into valid regular expressions that represent the  logic you've indicated.  Here's a simple way to do that:
replace(replace(vin,'#','[0-9]'),'?','[A-Z]')

This would convert 6MMTL#A423T###### into 6MMTL[0-9]A423T[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9].   Now using this converted format, do a regular expression match query:
select vin
from vins
where '6MMTL8A423T000000' regexp replace(replace(vin,'#','[0-9]'),'?','[A-Z]')

Sample Output: 6MMTL#A423T######
Demo: http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!2/ee4de/4

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
from __future__ import print_function
import sys
import random
import json
import os
import re
import time
import traceback
from messaging.sms import SmsDeliver
from messaging.sms import SmsSubmit
from Queue import Queue
import flask

app = flask.Flask(__name__)

if not app.debug:
	import logging
	handler = logging.FileHandler('sms.log')
	handler.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
	app.logger.addHandler(handler)

FROM_KEY = "from"
TO_KEY = "to"
MSG_KEY = "msg"
STATUS_KEY = "status"
WHEN_KEY = "when"
SMS_COUNT = "smsCount"

Q_SMSINBOX = "smsInbox"

DAILY_MAX = 2

STORAGE_SELECT = 'AT+CPMS="SM","SM","SM"'

def __textResponse(data):
	return (data, 200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'})

@app.route("/sms/outbox", methods=["POST"])
@app.route("/sms/send", methods=["POST"])
def send():
	to = flask.request.args.get(TO_KEY, '')
	msg = flask.request.args.get(MSG_KEY, '')
	# also allow "text" param
	msg = flask.request.args.get("text", '') if msg == '' else msg
	if to == '' or msg == '':
		return __textResponse('"to" or "msg" argument missing or invalid!')
	cfg = flask.current_app.config
	count = cfg.get(SMS_COUNT, 0)
	if count >= DAILY_MAX:
		return __textResponse("ERROR: max daily sms reached")
	cfg[SMS_COUNT] = (count + 1)

	serialOut = cfg.get('serialOut', None)
	if serialOut != None:
		serialOut.put(json.dumps({TO_KEY: to, MSG_KEY: msg}))
		return __textResponse("sent")
	else:
		return __textResponse('no serial port queue')

@app.route("/sms/reset")
def reset():
	cfg = flask.current_app.config
	cfg[SMS_COUNT] = 0
	return __textResponse("reset done")

@app.route("/sms/in")
@app.route("/sms/inbox")
@app.route("/sms/received")
def received():
	pretty = flask.request.args.get('pretty', '') != ''
	try:
		serialIn = flask.current_app.config.get(Q_SMSINBOX, None)
		data = None
		nextData = serialIn.get(False) if not serialIn.empty() else None
		# get the newest data that's in the queue
		while nextData != None:
			data = nextData
			nextData = serialIn.get(False) if not serialIn.empty() else None
		if data != None:
			flask.current_app.config['lastSms'] = data
		else:
			data = flask.current_app.config.get('lastSms', '{}')
		if pretty:
			return __textResponse(json.dumps(json.loads(data), indent=2))
		else:
			return __textResponse(data)
	except:
		reason = traceback.format_exc()
		print(u"error occured:\n%s"%reason)
		return __textResponse("error")

def __openSerial(SERIALPORT):
	import serial
	ser = serial.Serial(port=SERIALPORT, baudrate=9600, timeout=0.5, writeTimeout=5)
	time.sleep(1)
	return ser

def __constructMsg(to, msg):
	pdu = SmsSubmit(to, msg).to_pdu()[0]
	result = 'ATZ\r' + \
			'AT+CMGF=0\r' + \
			STORAGE_SELECT + '\r' + \
			('AT+CMGS=%s\r'%pdu.length) + \
			pdu.pdu + chr(26)
	return result

def __readNextAck(ser, altAck=None):
	output = ''
	done = False
	print(u"waiting for ack")
	started = time.time()
	while not done:
		data = ser.readline()
		if data:
			output += data
			lines = re.split("\r[\n]", output)
			count = sum(l == 'OK' or l == 'ERROR' or l.startswith('+CMS ERROR') for l in lines)
			if altAck != None:
				count += altAck(lines)
			done = count > 0
		else:
			time.sleep(0.1)
		if time.time() - started > 10:
			raise Exception('could not read ack in time')
	print(u"acked by: '%s'"%output)

def __serSend(ser, data):
	print(u"writing: %s"%data)
	ser.write(bytearray(data, 'ASCII'))

def __readSms(ser):
	ser.flushInput()
	msgs = ['ATZ',
			'AT+CMGF=0',
			STORAGE_SELECT,		# select sim-card storage (required on some modems)
			'AT+CMGL=4']		# 4 is "ALL" (get read & unread)
	for idx, msg in enumerate(msgs):
		__serSend(ser, "%s\r"%msg)
		time.sleep(0.1)
		if idx==2:
			ser.flushInput()
	time.sleep(2)
	output = ""
	done = False
	print(u"reading sms from device")
	started = time.time()
	while not done:
		output += ser.readline()
		print(u"read: %s"%output)
		lines = re.split("\r[\n]", output)
		done = lines.count("OK") + lines.count("ERROR") >= 1
		if time.time() - started > 20:
			raise Exception('could not read sms in time')
	ser.flushInput()

	lines = re.split("\r[\n]", output)
	msgs = []
	nextIsPdu = False
	smsIdx = 0
	for line in lines:
		if nextIsPdu:
			# print(u"parse pdu: %s"%line)
			sms = SmsDeliver(line)
			sms.smsIdx = smsIdx
			msgs.append(sms)
		if line.startswith("+CMGL"):
			nextIsPdu = True
			match = re.search("\+CMGL: (\d+),", line)
			smsIdx = match.group(1)
		else:
			nextIsPdu = False
			smsIdx = 0

	msgs = sorted(msgs, key=lambda x:x.date)

	for msg in msgs:
		print(u"received from %s msg:\n%s\n\n"%(unicode(msg.number), unicode(msg.text)))

	return msgs

def __deleteSms(ser, smsList):
	__serSend(ser, "ATZ\r")
	time.sleep(1)
	__serSend(ser, STORAGE_SELECT + '\r')
	__readNextAck(ser)
	for sms in smsList:
		__serSend(ser, "AT+CMGD=%s\r"%sms.smsIdx)
		__readNextAck(ser)
	ser.flushInput()

def __trimSmsInbox(ser, msgs, maxSize):
	deleteMe = []
	if len(msgs) > maxSize:
		for i in xrange(len(msgs) - maxSize):
			deleteMe.append(msgs[i])

	if len(deleteMe) > 0:
		print(u"deleting %s sms"%len(deleteMe))
		__deleteSms(ser, deleteMe)
	else:
		print(u"no sms to delete, only %s sms"%len(msgs))

def __toDict(msg):
	return {'idx':msg.smsIdx, FROM_KEY: msg.number, MSG_KEY: msg.text,
		WHEN_KEY: str(msg.date)}

def __serialLoop(smsInbox, serialOut, idleIn):
	ser = None
	serialLastClosed = time.time()
	serialLastReopened = time.time() - 120
	while True:
		time.sleep(0.2)
		while ser == None or not ser.isOpen():
			SERIALPORT = '/dev/ttyUsbModem'
			print("opening serial connection %s"%(ser == None))
			if time.time() - serialLastReopened < 60:
				print(u"reopening serial port for the second time in 1 minute, resetting modem")
				import resetModem
				resetModem.resetModem()
				print(u"modem reset done, giving time for modem reboot")
				time.sleep(30)
			serialLastReopened = time.time()
			try:
				ser = None
				ser = __openSerial(SERIALPORT)
				ser.flushInput()
			except:
				print("error writing, try reopening")
				time.sleep(0.5)
				try:
					if ser != None:
						ser.close()
					ser = None
				except:
					pass

		sendMe = None
		try:
			sendMe = serialOut.get(False)
		except:
			pass
		if sendMe != None:
			try:
				msg = json.loads(sendMe)
				encodedMsg = __constructMsg(msg.get(TO_KEY), msg.get(MSG_KEY))
				print(u"sending sms to %s"%msg.get(TO_KEY))
				ser.flushInput()
				parts = encodedMsg.split("\r")
				for idx, part in enumerate(parts):
					__serSend(ser, part+"\r")
					#if idx != len(parts):
					__readNextAck(ser, lambda x: len([a for a in x if a.startswith(">")]))
				ser.flush()
			except:
				print(u"error while writing: '%s' error: %s"%(sendMe, traceback.format_exc()))
				serialIn.put(json.dumps({STATUS_KEY:'error writing to serial %s'%(sys.exc_info()[0])}))
				ser = None
		else:
			# nothing to send
			if time.time() - serialLastClosed > 5 * 60:
				# more than 5 minutes since last serial re-open, force reopen serial
				# this is done to give modem a chance to reset
				serialLastClosed = time.time()
				try:
					ser.close()
					ser = None
					time.sleep(5)
				except:
					pass
			else:
				# check for incoming messages
				try:
					time.sleep(4)
					msgs = []
					msgs = __readSms(ser)
					if len(msgs) > 0:
						all = []
						for msg in msgs:
							msgDict = __toDict(msg)
							all.append(msgDict)
							idleIn.put(json.dumps(msgDict))
						smsInbox.put(json.dumps(all))
						# delte after successfully broadcasting
						# TODO: it's not certain that they have been broadcasted, they are just in the queue
						# __deleteSms(ser, msgs)
						__trimSmsInbox(ser, msgs, 5)
				except:
					reason = traceback.format_exc()
					print(u"error reading sms inbox:\n%s"%reason)
					ser = None

def idleBroadcaster(idleMsgs, serialOut):
	from MqHelper import MqHelper
	mq = MqHelper('sms')

	def callback(topic, msg):
		print('mq callback')
		serialOut.put(msg)

	mq.subscribe('/sms/outbox', callback)
	while True:
		try:
			mq.loop()
		except:
			print(u"error in mq loop")
			time.sleep(2)
		time.sleep(0.2)
		msg = None
		try:
			msg = idleMsgs.get(False)
		except:
			pass
		if msg != None:
			mq.send('/sms/inbox', msg)

if __name__ == "__main__":
	import threading
	serialOut = Queue()
	smsInbox = Queue()
	serialIdleIn = Queue()
	def serialWorker():
		while True:
			try:
				__serialLoop(smsInbox, serialOut, serialIdleIn)
			except:
				reason = traceback.format_exc()
				print(u"fatal exception in serialLoop reason:\n%s"%reason)
				time.sleep(10)
	t = threading.Thread(target=serialWorker)
	t.daemon = True
	t.start()
	broadcaster = threading.Thread(target=idleBroadcaster, args=[serialIdleIn, serialOut])
	broadcaster.daemon = True
	broadcaster.start()

	if len(sys.argv) > 1:
		print(u"test mode, not starting http server")
		time.sleep(2)
		print(u"sending")
		# send balance-check SMS (for austrian provider 'HOT')
		serialOut.put(json.dumps({TO_KEY:"6700", MSG_KEY:"GUT"}))
		for i in range(100):
			try:
				msg = serialIdleIn.get(False)
				if msg != None:
					print(u"%s"%msg)
			except:
				pass
			time.sleep(2)
		sys.exit(0)

	app.config[SMS_COUNT] = 0
	app.config['serialOut'] = serialOut
	app.config[Q_SMSINBOX]  = smsInbox
	app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=5353) # 5353 somehow looks like smsm

# example commandline how to send sms via mosquitto:
#    mosquitto_pub -t '/sms/outbox' -m '{"to":"6700","msg":"GUT"}'
# example of how to send sms via curl
#    curl --data "" "http://127.0.0.1:5353/sms/send?to=6700&msg=GUT"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub