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Build Your Portfolio By Eliminating Bad Stocks: Samir Arora
It is easier to eliminate bad stocks rather than selecting good stocks to invest, according to veteran investor Samir Arora
govindethiraj
By - Govindraj Ethiraj
| 4 Jan 2021 5:39 AM GMT
It is easier to eliminate bad stocks rather than selecting good stocks to invest, according to veteran investor Samir Arora.
Arora, founder of Helios Capital Management, believes that stocks do not have a well-defined parameter of being good. Hence, it is advised that investors use the process of elimination while building their investment portfolio.
"Over the years, we've realised that it is easier to say what is bad and not buy it. So, say in a market with hundred stocks, broadly we figured out in India and in the US that about 30% to 35% of the stocks do very very well each year. We find that half have to beat and half have to be beaten for the market to be as defined. One third really beat by a massive margin, which means you start with your universe and reject as many stocks as you want. Because rejecting stocks is easier than saying what is good," Arora told BOOM.
"What we say is take your hundred stock, whatever be your market, remove stocks because they have very, very clearly bad valuations or clearly bad sectors, which means could be very much government policy driven, very global; remove clearly leveraged companies, remove clearly bad management history companies, which everybody knows are broadly bad," he added.
Arora also cautioned investors against investing heavily in government-backed companies citing their poor record of return on investment with government-backed infrastructure projects particularly prone to draining money. Citing Zee's poor performance in the market, Arora believes that the root of their troubles lies in the investment in Essel Infra.
"The summary has been that the maximum money has been lost in sectors where there was a connection with the government. If you look at all the bankrupt guys, all of them have lost because of becoming bullish on infra. Their first project may have been successful, but then they goofed up because they tried to buy it one more time.
"It is the system. So, for example, if a road is ready, but it is stuck, because some guy has appealed to the government or in a court. The system, where you needed help from a court or help from some lender or help from some state government, basically did not turn up for all these guys. And at some conceptual level If you look at Zee, the reason why their stock is down because of Essel infra," Arora said.
There is no way to define a good stock
Do not decide in advance how long you'll hold on to a particular stock
Stagger your investments when buying stocks in new companies
Hedge Your Bets On Consumer, Financials, Technology and Retail Sectors
Follow trends in the US even while investing in India
Edited excerpts follow
Govindraj Ethiraj: Samir, what is your investment or investing philosophy?
Samir Arora: So, first of all, we are talking about equity markets per se only because I am an equity investor and not a debt plus equity investor. So, in equity investing, the big picture philosophy generally has been that you find good because the opportunity in the marketplace is to buy a few shares or even a small weighted in shares and then write the benefits of the growth of that company. But there are many ways you can invest. You could invest in bad companies and hope that they will become good, there are many people who - not in India so much but in the world - will do activist investing or they will buy very cheap stocks and hope that they will turn around.
Or you buy what we do, which is normally called growth investing. Which means that when we buy shares, we are riding off the efforts of the company, our job is only to choose between those companies, rather than say that then we will add some more value. Which for example, some PE funds may do, who after buying a share will advise the company tell them how to change boards and auditors and all that. We are basically saying find the best companies, buy them and then let them do all the hard work.
GE: Having said that, what's your next layer of filters? How would you identify the companies? Are you usually driven by sectors and industries and how do those change when times change?
SA: So, what happened is that over the years, I realized that it is very, very difficult to find what we call good companies. Because a good company, let us say, is defined as being in a good sector, good management, good history, good corporate governance, good accounting and then good valuations. And the problem in markets is that there is no definition of good. So, for example, by the time you say that, say the management of HDFC Bank is good, it will take you 10 years of that company doing well for you to feel 'yes, this company is got good management'. And even then, you don't know whether it is good management or good one guy or whatever.
So, over the years, we've realized that it is easier to say what is bad and not buy it. So, say in a market with hundred stocks, broadly we figured out in India and in the US that about 30% to 35% of the stocks do very very well each year. How to come to that number is we are all comparing ourselves with the market average or the market or benchmark or is a index and the index return is broadly an average of those say 100 stocks.
So broadly plus minus a little bit around half the stocks will beat the market and half will be beaten by the market. Sometimes this number will be less because say a large company goes up, say Reliance in India or Amazon in US, then it tells me the index performance so that even fewer stocks have to go up for that market to be up whatever it is. So we find that half have to beat and half have to be beaten for the market to be as defined. One third really beat by a massive margin, which means you start with your universe and reject as many stocks as you want. Because rejecting stocks is easier than saying what is good.
For example, we know that if an employee steals money, he's bad. But if he doesn't steal money, is he good? No definition. If a person harasses people on the job or he harasses women, he's bad. You can't say I'm a good employee because I don't harass women. So what we say is take your hundred stock, whatever be your market, remove stocks because they have very, very clearly bad valuations or clearly bad sectors, which means could be very much government policy driven, very global; remove clearly leveraged companies, remove clearly bad management history companies, which everybody knows are broadly bad. And once in a while, they may turn out to be better also. But at your level, and then you remove everything, you'll be left with about half the market.
This is without doing anything other than reading. And then if you will be left with 10 private sector banks, say five pharma companies, then you select within them. This is from a purely retail point of view. But instead of going in and saying, 'I know this company is very good', because you don't know. And by the time you know, it may still do well for some more years. But most of the juice has been taken out because by the time you became comfortable that it is very good. Many years would have passed.
GE: So what's the time horizon that that you usually look at before your own funds or in general?
SA: So the idea is that we find that although people say that stocks do well when held for the very long term, the reality is that when you buy 10 stocks, only three will be worth holding for the very long term. You can't go in saying that I will buy these 10 stocks straight away for the long term. Because as I said, by the time you get confidence that these are the stocks for the long term, actually, their story is over.
So my favorite example for that is that Warren Buffett bought Coke. And you know, he drinks coke every day at his AGM and all that. But actually, Pepsi has outperformed Coke since the day he bought it. And there are many examples like that, that you feel you got the best stock when actually you haven't. So what we are saying is you buy stocks initially with a one to three year horizon. And if that company is doing well, obviously, you will keep it.
But let's look at Rakesh Jhunjhunwala. So we know that Rakesh Jhunjhunwala has basically made all his money in four or five stocks. Titan, some Lupin, some CRISIL, but let's say two, three more. But it's not that he's bought five stocks, he would have bought maybe 80 stocks in his life. And then some x, y and z didn't work. The TV18 didn't work. What worked he kept. So that is what we mean rather than saying that I bought only five stock because I believe in them so much.
I have one more favorite story on this. When Steve Jobs died, 80% of his net worth was in Walt Disney and 20% only in Apple shares because he had got Walt Disney shares for selling Pixar to Disney. Why didn't he know that in 10 years that Apple is going to be the biggest company in the world? Why didn't he know it? Why didn't Bill Gates know that when he hired Satya Nadella, he will do such good things and Microsoft will suddenly become what it is now? He sold all his shares. Bill Gates is not even having, I think 5-10 billion of shares in Microsoft out of 100 billion or 140 billion mark net worth because he sold it all off. So point being, even an insider doesn't know that what will happen in ten years.
First, if you broadly accept that a large number of stocks do well, a large number being called into as one third. Try and eliminate as many as you can by going the reverse way, by just saying blatantly we know this history of this fellow or we know that the sector is very bad, or it's very government policy driven, or it is very global, so I won't be able handle it. We'll be left with half only. From that half, you have to go to one third is much easier, then we'll go one to anything in one third.
GE: You talked about the one two and three years. So I'm assuming that also means that there is nothing particularly when you're a fund or even for that matter if you're an individual investor, there is nothing like a long term because long term is something...
SA: The long term will be there because when you bought it, it continued to do well, so you kept it for long. Like I have owned HDFC Bank for more than 24 years. My story has come in a book called "Bang for the Buck" written by Tamal Bandopadhyay. But when I bought it in the 1996 IPO, I didn't know that this is going to be turning out to be like this. But then every year it did well, why would I sell it? Similarly, look at the other way around. So we bought Bajaj Finance in January 2011. Why would anybody think that this is the company which is going to go up 70 times. But you bought it saying, okay, it's worth 2%-3% of your portfolio. Because the management is good, Bajaj family is good. You know, this new guy who's joined them at that time is good, Rajiv Jain. If Rajiv Jain knew that this stock will become a 35 billion market cap company he would not have joined their company saying I want 20% stake or something like that.
So the point is not that you don't stay for the long term. I am saying it is highly unlikely that you will directly be able to buy a stock for the long term. So don't put that standard on yourself because then you will wait for too much confirmation before you will buy. And that would mean that you will miss two things. The fact that a large number of people do well, and those guys also don't know that they want to do well, except that they are good sectors, good history, they are trying to make a serious job of it and, and so you will buy too late basically. Therefore, if you keep waiting for that highest conviction, to say that I will hold it forever.
And secondly, we have seen that companies who can't hold for 20 years. Look at the other holdings of Mr. Buffett because the advantage of analyzing him is not to say that we are like him, but because his data is available. For 25 years you can see what he held and not held in the top names. So he owned Wells Fargo in some 90s and in this year it is down 55%. So, whatever he may or may got blown up in one year and maybe in between also. So the point is you will never know beyond a point.
So long term is very much there. But long term maybe you will buy 10 stocks, three will become long term. Rest will still make you good money, because a lot of shares go up for five, six years, and then they either plateau out or even blow. We made nearly 50 times on Pantaloon and now pantaloon is bankrupt. But when we were buying Pantaloon, we were not speculating. At that time, it was a fair new retail in 2001. I think we bought Alliance days, and then we bought it in the new Helios days. And then after some years, I think we sold it off. So we may have made 30 in the end because it went up 50 and then fell. So you can't say in 2001 that in 2021, they will be doing badly. So you never know.
GE: If you were to now look at a basket of 10 stocks today, what would be your, how would you select those 10 today?
SA: So first thing is how to mentally think of stocks in terms of whether to buy or not buy. So we think there are two ways you can mentally. One is high confidence in reasonable return. That means the confidence is high, but the return will be low. And the second is reasonable confidence in high return. We are too old too experienced to say high confidence in high return, there is no such category. So let's say high confidence in reasonable return would mean, that the company is doing well but everybody knows about it. It is a big part of the market. But it is reasonably valued based on historical numbers and its growth, the management generally has been good and will keep you out of trouble. And if the market is doing well, they will do well, if the market is doing badly, maybe they'll outperform.
So today's context, these stocks will be these private sector banks. It could be a few multinationals. It could be these consumer names. It could be the tech names like TCS or HDFC Bank, those kinds of obvious names. But the obvious names also you're choosing out of 50 names because there'll be other names that you can easily ignore. Commodity companies, highly leveraged companies, infrastructure companies, state owned companies broadly they will not work. So, there's still value in choosing 10 out of say 30 or 50 large companies.
And there the rejection can be on sectors that are clearly in stress. Or where the government policies play a big part. Then you are doing the other group where you say reasonable confidence in high return. Which means you found everything ok. We have seven factors, good industry, good management -- but we don't know good so we will say not bad. That means you didn't find anything bad in them. So industry, management, accounting, medium term triggers, valuations. And now we put a new one where we look at whether your sector can be disrupted or not.
Now, with this, I am not trying to find the good company because even today, we don't know what is good management, if you meet a new management. See, we can say TCS is good management, but that poor guys have been working hard for 20 years. So now we can say good management. But if I were to meet a new company which is benefiting from China plus one strategy, or CRAM strategy. All these guys are the future. Some of them will be future winners, but today, how can I call them good? All I can say, 'yeah, he looks educated, he's got some training, the theme is good, he's not bad. There is no history of bad. Generally, whatever they have done for four or five years is good, and the theme is powerful. So, I will buy 2% in the first month, I will buy five 6% of my portfolio.
Then I buy in the second group what we call reasonable confidence in high return. There should be no factor on which it is bad. It may not be good. First of all, it should not be bad on any factor. Then you say it is not bad that mostly for many people anyway means it is good. And then you buy a smaller stake. And you rely on serendipity of the market that a large number of stocks do well which is one third. So in that mix, you will find some stocks, which will fall off after some time, they will break even, some will drop and some will do very well.
Another thing for first starting with a smaller position is that when good news comes out, you are willing to add because you say it is my stock. Suppose I've been looking at a stock, which I say is very good. But I need to wait one more year when I will be really convinced. By that time, in that year it goes up 40%, I will never buy. I'll say I thought of it when it was 200. I knew it was good. But if I bought a little bit at 200 it goes to 300 in my stock. I also done well in it easier to average. Because when the day you start analyzing, for whatever reason that price will become your price.
So therefore, we say, just eliminate the bad. That is a massive improvement over the market. After that you try and choose how you can reduce it a bit further. If you, after this first exercise, find that there are still too many names left. We find that basically 50% is left. And some stock you're not saying I will never buy. You're saying I will not buy for now. So for example, for five, six years, there was massive fight in the telecom industry, between Bharti and the new guys, the old guys. So what was the need to buy Bharti? We didn't buy it for six years. We said we will look at it when it ends. Today we say that for fertilizer industry, for road building, government doesn't have money, why are you telling me that you got an order? There's nobody in the country who will give you money on time when you do make the road.
We are saying for the moment you remove all these you will anyway be left with a more reasonable thing and then if you make a mistake, that mistake will be less costly. It will not be somebody will go bankrupt. You may underperform because something goes wrong again.
GE: At a time like this, the market is very, very bullish. Some may argue that the market and the economy are a little out of sync. But that also happens very often. So how do you then pick stocks? Do you revert to sort of looking at what the economy and the macro economic signals are? Or do you stick to the stocks?
SA: No, basically, you have to stick a little bit to the economy, those stocks are dependent on the economy. For example, why we are not buying any infra stock, which we used to own, including the biggest obvious ones, is because we know that the government has no money. So how can they pay anybody? In India, the corporate sector today does not have the confidence to do CapEX. So why are you recommending all these heavy engineering tech companies? Nobody has money, so you have to look at the economy.
So the way we have reconciled it right now is to say, when the economy is experiencing a K curve, we have some groups of sectors going up, and some are going down, and some are sort of hanging around. But mostly, the disparity between groups is going up. Because whatever was happening pre-COVID has got accentuated with COVID. So if there was previously X percent people going online every year, now for the next four years, number has gone online now. And then similarly, on the other side, if you are slowly getting disrupted because of having say Netflix, now that has got accelerated. don't feel that randomly stocks are going up. It looks like the market is up, because we are looking at it from March.
You look at it from December, because December was pre-COVID. And now COVID is about to end. So in that the market is down some 3%-5%. And many stocks are down 20% - 30%, which have either a shorter-term problem, like say some of these strong banks, or they seriously have a threat of disruption. And the stocks that are up are actually stocks which are not necessarily greatly benefiting, but have been greatly protected, like the tech sector, pharma. Reliance, many of these consumer companies, they're up. Some are up a lot, basically the pure beneficiaries, and the ones which have not been badly hit are flat-ish. And the stocks which have a shorter-term problem and a longer-term problem are down 30% - 40%. Everything has not gone up.
GE: Let me ask you about the mistakes that you've made, or the one or two mistakes that you've made, and that you've really learned from and, and which obviously, you'd like to share.
SA: We have made so many mistakes that we tell our new investors that we have made mistakes on account of the previous investors, because we made those mistakes three years, two years, five years, 10 years ago, and from every mistake you're learning. But if I were to summarize them, the summary has been that the maximum money has been lost in sectors where there was a connection with the government. Basically, maximum money has been lost in infrastructure projects. And we bought many of them in our life, because in the 2004-05 era, and even previously, you would buy companies on the basis that India is behind the world on infra; that if you privatized Delhi airport you would make a lot of money; that if you get a lot of road orders, you are in business, and every one of them we have lost.
And actually, if you look at all the bankrupt guys, all of them have lost because of becoming bullish on infra. Their first project may have been successful, but then they goofed up because they tried to buy it one more time, whether it is GMR GVK, or JPA. In some conceptual sense, everything was related to government being a client, I would say. And we have had a big share in that. Other than that, you don't broadly blow up those shares, you lose some or you underperform.
So now we are not buying any in infra because there is neither the confidence in the corporate sector because you don't need a successful winner for others to copy. So for example, then in 2004-05, this Jindal steel and power. They had some 1000-megawatt power, which was free pricing or whatever. They were a small company in that sense, but they were a lot of money. Some billions of dollars of power investment went in and they blew up.
Similarly, it happened with Telecom. Initially, Bharti and all made money and some 20 guys lined up. So right now first guy also we don't have in this world so that would be an easy one to explain. Otherwise individually we made many. Our Amitabh Bachchan Corporation went to zero. But to lose 50%, yeah we have done that at least 10 times in our life.
GE: It's interesting that you're saying that the external factor, which is government policy, in this case is more to blame...
SA: Not policy. It is the system. So, for example, if a road is ready, but it is stuck, because some guy has appealed to the government or in a court. What if the other power guy was very aggressive in bidding for his power. So, it need not be that the central government is doing it. I mean the system. Let's call it the system where you need help from a court or help from some lender or help from some state government. Basically, not turned up for all these guys. And at some conceptual level If you look at Zee, the reason why their stock is down because of Essel infra.
Everything effectively is at some level of infra. Now you call it whoever's fault, it's not a policy fault. It could be that you didn't get land and nobody's willing to get you that last piece of land. It has happened in many companies. It's not external. That is what we were supposed to have analyzed. That this ain't it so easy. It is as much analysts want.
GE: When you look ahead now, you mentioned the example of HDFC Bank and many of your peers have quoted HDFC Bank maybe also because you all started investing around the same time. So could one find a stock like that today?
SA: No you will find but you will not know then? I have found many. But later on you turn around and think 'what a great goldmine we bought. Every year, it will go up 20% or so we'll be happy. But then the same 20% becomes over 10-20 years becomes a massive multibagger. So I'm sure we have. But we say, we will dare not say today straightaway. Because of the number of companies that end up doing badly after having started well, that if it is continuing to do well, we are there. But let us not say publicly, too much about any one company because what happens is you become a prisoner of that associate, not necessarily that SEBI will come.
But if I tell everybody "this is the new XYZ and tomorrow something goes wrong, I don't want to have any psychological listing that I can't sell it because I was so public. But broadly, the themes that make money in the long run are basically the three-four themes. Which is financials, consumer and technology, pharmaceutical retail, type. If you look, it's very easy. Look at the Forbes billionaires list. And see where those billionaires are coming from. They will come from these sectors. They will not come from commodity sector, cement sector, steel sector. There isn't one billionaire out of 400 who went into and bought steel or something. Basically, they'll be from finance, consumer tech pharma and somebody might be doing a little bit different. So, these are the sectors where long term wealth has been created.
GE: To pick up on the two examples you gave HDFC Bank and Bajaj Finance. These companies internally are different and you pointed it out yourself. When you look back, is there any trend in the success stories or for that matter, the failures in terms of who they were or where they came from?
SA: So I think a large insider owner or promoter is not such a bad idea. I don't think it is true that it should be professionally run because we have seen professionally run companies basically being totally taken advantage of by the management. I will privately and separately tell you and prove to you how some of these largest companies basically, are the private fiefdom of these guys. One of them has recently retired, and all these guys by just looking at the fact that the employees own 15% to 20% of a company. You know that the government is there, and there is nobody else.
It's actually not a bad mix to have initially the promoter because the son is starting and then maybe he has a CEO or even if he's on his own. Take Kotak Bank. Basically the promoter is been running it. And now we're not happy that RBI is saying change the CEO. He is 55-60 years old, why should he retire? I don't think there is been a distinct that family driven businesses are bad. Reliance - such a great return for investors some 18% per annum for 30 years. I don't think has been a big negative.
GE: If I heard you, right, you're saying that is that you're leaning towards more promoter-run companies?
SA: I'm saying that there has not been any negative necessarily, because you're promoter-driven. In fact, every new company mostly is promoter-driven, because the promoter has started it and come to you. There are very, very few companies which could be called publicly held from day one. Unless it is a subsidiary of some existing state-owned company. How will you start from scratch with a completely management-driven company? It will not be. It will mostly be somebody owning a large stake and then over time diluting to the market.
GE: I've asked you about the analytical approach among other things, and you've been an active fund manager sitting right here in Mumbai. You also require something else. You need, maybe a calm mind, an ability to disconnect. What would you say is your biggest asset or strength?
SA: First of all, you have to be able to handle losses. Like in 2008, you should be able to still sleep peacefully, and get up easily. But the other thing to which I attribute my performance to be a bit different from the guys here is because I read a lot. Maybe others also read. But I feel that has been massively helpful, too. And one more thing that has helped is to think in terms of what is happening in the US. It does not matter whether the same thing happens here or not. But if it happens there, in India the stocks go up.
So for example, ESG. We may not care about ESG here, but if you see for the last three years, Indian oil companies, Indian coal companies India aluminum companies, none of them are working. For example, I believe that in US, the auto industry is going to get disrupted because these driverless cars are coming, they have already started. And they are hugely, hugely beneficial for the public. Because, A, the car gets used full time otherwise private owners owning for 3%- 5%. Parking, so much space across the cities and all will be saved.
So in US, it will get disrupted. It doesn't matter whether India get disrupted because we have potholes and we don't have anything. But if it doesn't do well there, because then if it really becomes like that, then the buyer will be a bulk buyer. It'll be another business. It will not be tyre selling to retail. So it'll become even more difficult. And you can see it in their market caps. Tesla's market cap. It'll get also disrupted on electric, nothing has to happen in India. But the stock has gone. If it works there, even if it takes 15 years later to come here. So these connections, sometimes they work sometimes they don't. But I think that they have helped me to position which sectors I like and not like by seeing what is happening in the rest of world.
BOOM Money Stock Market Safe Investing Samir Arora


Prohibition went into effect on Jan. 1, 1920. With no means to acquire alcohol legally, bootleggers went into action and speakeasies flourished. When authorities blocked the import of alcohol from Canada, bootleggers turned to another source: industrial alcohol meant for paints, solvents, fuels, and medical supplies.
Image: Elgin County Archives: St. Thomas Police officers with confiscated bottles of liquor, likely taken from a bootlegger. This picture was likely taken in the basement of the St. Thomas City Hall, ca. 1926.
After many people came to the ER and died, a New York medical examiner had his toxicologist examine samples of the illegal alcohol, which revealed the above list of poisons. In 1926, twelve hundred people got sick from the poisoned alcohol and 400 died in New York City alone. The next year 700 died in NYC. By the time prohibition ended in 1933, an estimated 10,000 people were killed across the nation.
Learn more from my source: Slate, The Chemist's War: The Little Told Story Of How The US Government Poisoned Alcohol During Prohibition With Deadly Consequences by Deborah Blum.
So if the bartender asks, "What's you poison?" you should reply, "What's yours, buddy? What's yours?"
Anyone remember when one of the characters in Water For Elephants dies of alcohol poisoning?
Joylene, Métis, is the author of Dead Witness, Broken But Not Dead, and Break Time. She and her husband and their two cats reside in Canada for the summers and Nayarit for the winters. They believe life should be an adventure.
That's absolutely terrible that the US government would rather (during prohibition) poison it's people than allow alcohol. I'm not sure they could get away with that today with all of the alt accounts on social media, etc… I think new would get out and people would rebel. But maybe not?
There are plenty of folks who think fluoride, vaccines, and/or GMOs are poison, but who knows?
Gives the term "alcohol poisoning" a new meaning... Happy A-to-Z-ing.
Wow, never knew that did that, but then a little secret is that we also "gassed" (like what happened recently in Syria) striking coal miners in West Virginia during the 1920s. Another source of poisoning from illegal liquor is the piping used as condenser from the still. Often old radiator coils are used, but you can never get them fully clean of antifreeze--so if you're going to make illegal hooch, do yourself and your customers a favor and use new copper tubing!
Oh wow. I hadn't known that about the prohibition - that's rather crazy! I just started reading a novel that takes place around that time. I wonder if it will contain the same information you just shared?
Wow! I'd never heard of this. We sure have a sordid history.
Poisons are terrible. Many times they can't be detected.
What a history we have. Sad.
Good read while I am sipping a beer.
Wow, when you make something illegal, people still find a way to get it, don't they?!
Prohibition might have worked better if they'd eased in the regulations instead of going cold turkey with the Wild Turkey.
Poisoning industrial alcohol, while looking good on paper, might have been a really, really bad idea. You want to stop someone from drinking something? Dose it up with Bitrex or something else equally as bitter.
Another of those ideas that no one thought through adequately, I'm thinking. I'm with Heidi: make it taste awful, but don't poison it. Though no amount of nasty bitterness might stop people from drinking it.
Prohibition was foolish. Although I think marijuana is foolish and it does not cure all people think it does; I think it's prohibition is just as foolhardy. But I did not know that it where we got "pick your poison".
The book sounds fabulous. I am so sorry Joylene Nowell Butler broke her hip. That is so painful. I hope she mends quickly.


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The Foundation pursues its mission by supporting research within two focus areas: reducing inequality and improving the use of research evidence. Researchers interested in applying for a research grant must select one focus area. This year, to give potential applicants a more centralized view of the research priorities, application processes, and selection criteria for research […]
Upcoming Webinar: What Does it Take to Study the Use of Research Evidence? Methods & Measures
On Tuesday, November 27, join the William T. Grant Foundation and Drew Gitomer for a webinar to highlight measures and methods from a range of methodological traditions that have been employed by researchers to assess the use of research evidence in disparate policy and practice domains.
Ten New Research Grants to Build Theory and Evidence in our Focus Areas
We are proud to announce ten new grants to support research on reducing inequality in youth outcomes and improving the use of research evidence in decisions that affect young people. Approved at the Foundation's spring and summer board meetings, these grants will build theory and empirical evidence in our focus areas. The online application for […]
Measuring Research Use
Why Should We Study the Use of Research Evidence as a Behavior?
By Itzhak Yanovitzky
The frameworks and tools of behavioral science have significant potential to overcome persistent challenges regarding the measurement, tracking, and analysis of research evidence use.
Measuring Research Use and The Promise of Big Data
By Zachary P. Neal, Jennifer Watling Neal
Big-data can provide a means of measuring research use that provides significant insights with a favorable balance of costs and benefits.
"Democratizing Evidence in Education," from Connecting Research and Practice for Educational Improvement
In this chapter, Vivian Tseng, Steve Fleischman, and Esther Quintero explore what a more democratic evidence movement might look like in the years ahead. Discussing both efforts to build and use evidence in U.S. education over the past 15 years and the palpable desire that exists today to make this work more inclusive, the authors […]
Six New Research Grants to Build Theory and Evidence in our Focus Areas
We are proud to announce six new grants to support research on reducing inequality in youth outcomes and improving the use of research evidence in decisions that affect young people. Approved at the Foundation's fall board meeting, these grants will build theory and empirical evidence in our focus areas. The online application for research grants […]
Studying the Use of Research Evidence: Methods and Measures in a Complex Field
By Drew Gitomer, Kevin Crouse, Jane Allen
We are attempting to understand the interplay of methods and research questions in the field of studies on the use of research evidence.
Can a Coordinated Knowledge System Improve the Use of Research Evidence in School-Based Mental Health Settings?
By refining and integrating multiple theories, Chorpita has designed a model that focuses on supervisor and supervisee interactions, to help them more readily access, understand, and apply research evidence in the pursuit of improving outcomes for young people.
Assessing Research-Practice Partnerships: Five Dimensions of Effectiveness
While research-practice partnerships have emerged as a promising means of creating and applying relevant research evidence in settings where young people grow and learn, we've lacked definition in terms of what constitutes an effective partnership and how RPPs, funders, and other stakeholders might gauge and demonstrate such effectiveness. Offering a clear picture of the common […]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Steel Wheels are renowned for their raw energy and chemistry on stage, where they cluster tightly around a single microphone to adorn Trent Wagler's unmistakable tenor with bell-clear four part harmonies complimented by Eric Brubaker's fiddle, Brian Dickel's upright bass and Jay Lapp on the mandolin and guitars. The band's own brand of acoustic Americana roots music reflects stylings of the past yet boldly embodies the strength of powerful original song writing. They've named this tour to honor the roots musicians that have influenced them – created a slipstream for their creativity. They'll be performing some new unreleased songs in addition to some of their past hits.
The Steel Wheels are selling out venues from coast to coast and appearing at many of the top festivals in the US & Canada. These include Merlefest, Bristol Rhythm & Roots, Ann Arbor Folk Festival, Stagecoach, Fayetteville Roots Festival, Moab Folk Festival, Musikfest, Walnut Valley Festival, Canmore Folk Festival, Gettysburg Bluegrass Festival, Riverhawk, Kerrville Folk Festival, and many others. 2014 shows no signs of slowing down with a full schedule of prestigious festivals and venues. In July the band hosts their own annual Red Wing Roots Music Festival (www.redwingroots.com) bringing over 40 bands to 4 stages for 3 days of music & community.
In addition as the schedule allows, the band organizes and performs the SpokeSongs bicycle music tour, during which the band members tow their instruments, equipment and merchandise from one show to another via bicycle. Past tours have spanned up to 11 days, 600 miles, and 10 shows. The attention from these special SpokeSongs tours allow the band to raise extra money and awareness for charities and causes along the way.


Getting financial advice and practical support can ease your money worries and is the first step towards taking the pressure off.
There are a range of services you can go to get free advice and support, and can vary dependent on your situation.
If you or someone close to you is struggling to make ends meet use the following ways to get in touch with Care Network so we can support you to link up with the right service for your unique needs.


There are two song writers who share the credits for the eleven songs –Majrooh Sultanpuri and Shewan Rizwi. This particular song is from the pen of Shewan Rizwi. The music is composed by Ghulam Mohammed. The cast of actors of this film includes Madhubala, Moti Lal, Gope, Manorama, Mirza Musharraf, Jankidas, Kapil and others. It would be interesting to know which actors have performed this qawwaali on screen. I request other knowledgeable readers to please help with more information about this song.
The song itself is a question and answer song. The question that is aksed is "What is love? And what is it like". And then apparently three persons present their opinions about it. The qawwaali effect is brought in by the accompanying chorus. Quite a fun song – interesting words and music by Ghulam Mohammed.


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TAKA ORIGINAL @ highsnobiety
by CHANGAKA
TAKA ORIGINAL GOES BACK TO THE FUTURE WITH STREETWEAR INSPIRED BY OLD-SCHOOL TECH
Press by:https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/taka-utr/
Pursuing his passion for street culture, Aka quit his job in the record industry to launch TAKA Original in 2019. The streetwear label has team members operating in New York, Paris, Tokyo, Beijing, and Guangzhou, with Aka describing TAKA as simply "Earth-based." And when you think about how streetwear has gone global in recent years, that makes perfect sense.
TAKA Original's SS19 drop taps into various contemporary trends while referencing the now-antiquated tech of the '90s. Rendered in muted grays, electric purple, and flashes of neon, the collection features multi-pocketed tactical vests, hybrid cargo pants, hooded vests, PVC shorts, and graphic tees. A sad face motif that riffs on Microsoft's Windows 95 logo can be seen throughout.
The aesthetic is reflective of TAKA's previous collections, which channeled elements of merch, officewear, and cyberculture into streetwear in a way that somehow remained cohesive.
Aka has found inspiration for his designs in the computational procedure known as iteration, a process of repetition and looping that seeks out new solutions to equations, performing the process again and again until a specific set of conditions are met. It's a standard component of creating algorithms. When applied conceptually to a fashion label, iteration can be thought of as a rigorous investigation of combining different styles.
"We focus on the expression of subcultures and the iteration of each era and try to find some intersection in the middle," says Aka. "I think the iterative process of science and technology itself is a carrier that integrates the cutting-edge industrial aesthetics of each era. This process is very beautiful. There were great industrial designers and coders, and they made some really cool products and a lot of things which are now obsolete but represent products that can really inspire us."
According to Aka, a great fashion brand "balances art and commerce," telling us he wants to create a "cultural exchange of fashionable youth from around the world through TAKA's products and styles."
In accordance with this global and communal approach, TAKA Original has launched a project that encourages young artists to collaborate with the brand, such as on the SS18 lookbook, which involved a 3D-generated office designed by digital artist Yi Le.
Now, with TAKA Original having launched its online store last year and new drops happening every month, expect the brand to expand its reach even further.


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now reading: Newt the Supply-Side Sizzler: Will Mitt Romney Follow?
Newt the Supply-Side Sizzler: Will Mitt Romney Follow?
Say what you will about former Speaker Newt Gingrich. His philosophy, his policy proposals, his track record, his campaign, and all the rest. But the one thing you have to acknowledge about Gingrich is that he's a sizzler. He has a way with words. And he's as good a communicator as anyone in modern politics.
In my CNBC interview with Gingrich this week, he slammed President Obama's tax-the-rich, class-warfare attack on bank's and businesspeople. He hammered Obama, calling him a hard-left radical who is opposed to free enterprise, capitalism, and "virtually everything which made America great."
It was a brutal, frontal, hard-hitting attack on the president. He called Obama "the candidate of food stamps, the finest food-stamp president in American history." He said, "I want to get equality by bringing people up. [Obama] wants to get equality by bringing people down." He said, "I want to be the guy who says, 'I want to help every American have a better future.' [Obama] wants to make sure that he levels Americans down so we all have an equally mediocre future."
Now, I haven't heard any of the other GOP candidates offer that kind of response to Obama's recent class-warfare speech. Maybe I'm missing something. But I haven't heard it from Mitt Romney or the others in a sizzle fashion, which is the way Gingrich operates.
Frankly, Romney ought to be beating back Obama right now. He should at least be asserting that America's free-enterprise, capitalist system rewards success, not punishes it, and that free-market economics -- including supply-side tax-cut policies, worked in the 1920s under Calvin Coolidge, in the 1960s under Democrat John F. Kennedy, and again in the 1980s under Ronald Reagan.
In fact, Bill Clinton joined with Gingrich in the 1990s to slash the capital-gains tax, cut spending, and enact welfare reform, all of which kept the Reagan boom going. Over 40 million jobs were created in the two decades that followed Reagan's supply-side tax cut.
Gingrich made a special point during our talk to reestablish his supply-side bona fides. He said to me, "you're a witness to this. I was part of [Jack] Kemp's little cabal of supply-siders." And then came Gingrich's most sizzling point: "You can make an argument that I helped Mitt Romney get to be rich, because I helped pass the legislation."
So I asked, "Have you ever made that argument to him?" And Gingrich said, "I am as of right this minute. Just occurred to me." He went on to say that Romney "should be thanking me because I did the macroeconomic things necessary to make his career possible."
This is a Gingrich putdown of Romney, is it not? The former Massachusetts governor's primary attack on Gingrich is that he spent his whole life in professional politics, and therefore doesn't understand how to grow the economy and create jobs. Romney, of course, had a terrific private-sector career at Bain Capital. And he rescued the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City. But Gingrich's putdown here suggests that without supply-side economic policies, somehow Romney wouldn't have succeeded. And that neuters Romney's attack on Gingrich.
Seems to me that Romney needs to respond to the Gingrich putdown. And he needs to make his case in the Gingrich sizzler context.
Years ago, as a rookie running for the Senate against Ted Kennedy, Romney disavowed Ronald Reagan on a number of occasions. Later on, in 1996, Romney ran ads attacking Steve Forbes' presidential run and flat tax. Since then, Romney has come into the Reagan camp, and that's fine by me. He also bills himself as a tax reformer. But outside of a corporate tax cut, Romney has offered no across-the-board tax-reform plan for individuals and small-business owners.
He needs to do this if he's to fight back against Gingrich. He needs to reassert his supply-side credentials and clarify his policy path to prosperity.
Please make no mistake. I am not endorsing here at all. I have a very high regard for Mitt Romney. What I'm looking for is strong competition for tax-reform ideas. Gingrich has a 15 percent optional flat tax. Rick Perry has a 20 percent plan. Herman Cain had 9-9-9. Jon Huntsman has a strong Bowles-Simpson-type tax reform. But where is Romney?
Romney has a good budget-reform program and has endorsed Paul Ryan's health-care reforms. He has a sound regulatory-rollback strategy. He has moved towards sound money by saying he will not reappoint Ben Bernanke. But at the top of Reagan's economic-growth plan was an across -the-board tax cut. And it worked.
Republican primary voters are highly supportive of supply-side tax-reform ideas. If Romney is to stop his slide in the polls, and reposition himself as the GOP campaign's leader, he must respond to Newt Gingrich with a pro-growth tax-reform plan that sizzles.
Larry Kudlow is a senior contributor at CNBC, and also co-author with Brian Domitrovic of the new book JFK and the Reagan Revolution: A Secret History of American Prosperity.
Related Topics: Mitt Romney, Newt Gingrich, Larry Kudlow


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Summer's final full month is coming to an end. And it's been a good one, with the S&P 500 reaching new highs. But, a strong performance this month is not the norm. In fact, since 1980, August logs one of the worst average monthly returns for the S&P.


Are you a busy lady? Raiding the lunch box stash to refuel? Snacking on unhealthy food on the go? Tired? Need an energy boost? We made Mum On The Run just for you. A blend of organic natural superfoods to nourish and refuel. Fill yourself up first.
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Gorgeous, delicate and modern, this glass tea-light holder is stunning and designed by leading homewares designer Amalfi Homewares. Amalfi is an Australian based homewares supplier who gathers their inspiration for design from all across the world. Also available in a mint colour.
Click here to view more pieces from this leading designer.
Click here to view more tea-light holders from our extensive collection.


Cynosure of the new, Los Angeles' reputation for adopting the most current trends in everything from diet to architecture to music of all stripes means that the lifestyle of the area is in a constant churn. That's why multi-reedist Vinny Golia is such a singular figure there. As musical fashions and players come-and-go, he's remained emblematic of the creative music scene in the city since he moved there about 40 years ago. On his own he's collaborated with many of the most advanced players in the area and fronted groups ranging from duos to big bands. These releases pinpoint his continued musical consistency and his ability to adapt many styles to fit the creative impulse.
Recorded in 1979, Live at the Century City Playhouse is an all horns date, done around the time during which such configurations were being widely tested. Playing bass clarinet, baritone saxophone C and alto flutes and piccolo, Golia's co-improvisers are trombonist Glenn Ferris, who has worked with everyone from Frank Zappa to Don Ellis and two veterans of the L.A. Free Jazz scene: cornetist Bobby Braford and clarinetist John Carter, both of whom had first-hand early associations with Ornette Coleman. Advance approximately four decades – no recording date is listed – and Golia, who is now too an elder statesman, performs on the two-CD set Trajectory, with five associates who had been his students –brass player Daniel Rosenboom, saxophonist Gavin Templeton, guitarist Alexander Noice, bassist Miller Wrenn and percussionist Andrew Lessman. Constantly expand his instrument collection, Golia here plays sopranino, Bb, G soprano, tenor, baritone saxophones, G, Eb, contra alto clarinets, Eb flute, Fujara, bull roarer, Zun, gongs, bells, singing bowl and bass drum.
Creating a less austere variant of the thorny Free Jazz which Carter and Bradford had been perfecting since the late 1960s, the quartet's improvisations on Live at the Century City Playhouse are cleanly harmonized with every texture clearly audible and interlocked. On a track like "#2", for instance, Golia's vaporous flute flutters and Carter's peeping arabesques create a running commentary on the contrapuntal theme, expressed chromatically through heartfelt moans from Bradford and Ferris' growled pitches. Resolution comes when Golia's baritone saxophone shronks apply a thickened coda to the tone distribution. On other tracks the marching band history of the wind instruments is explored in full, as the four frequently unravel themes which owe much to processional or marching band expressions. Of course no matter how many times the quartet is involved in these semi-regularized expositions, the multiphonic and multi-pitched variables consistent with more exploratory sounds are as prominent. Moving from reed to reed, Golia can sometimes approach the formality of a Jazzer, recasting a melody from the standards tradition, or elsewhere, especially when using his lower-pitched horns, crunch out earth-shaking tones that brush up against Carter's studied euphony or Ferris' plunger polyphony.
Live at the Century City Playhouse's most convincing improvisation occurs on "Chronos I", with Golia depending on piccolo power to further disentangle the coloratura concerto set up for Carter. Using a combination of freak notes and flutter tonguing, the clarinetist pulls original lines from his reed, meeting at various times contrapuntal challenges from bugle-like fanfares from the cornetist, measured snorts from the trombonist and a cornucopia of antiphonal textures from the piccolo. Eventually, as the others are also briefly showcased, what could be called Concerto for Carter expands enough to leave a memorable impression.
Impressions are just as indelible on the 16 tracks that make up Trajectory, but imbued with timbral differences. Besides Golia collecting and utilizing more reeds and percussion, the rhythmic sensibility is altered more by the looming spectre of Rock as well as Jazz; plus that guitar effects, electric bass suppleness and varied percussion attacks further democratize the improvisational proceedings. Noice's guitar work, for instance, expands the spectrum from single-string melodic Barney Kessel-like accompaniment with an acoustic double bass solo and polished flutter tonguing from Golia's soprano saxophone on "Dr. Loomis, Welcome Back To The Hospital" to clamorous lead guitar motion with pedal distortion on "Ananaki (What They Left …?)" which concentrates on an allegiance to Frank Zappa-like Jazz-Rock with the lead guitar kicks introducing fluttery trumpet coloration in almost concert keys that is uniquely provides counterpoint to torqued reed explosions, all of which is stacked upon a baritone sax bottom.
The tracks which depend on rock-sock, jumping rhythms spectacularly show off the sextet's virtuosity, but so do the more measured interactions. For example "Gift of the Nile" is introduced with a ghost-like combination of high-pitched flute breaths, clinking drums and moderated bass thumps that soon build up to knob-twisting buzzes and splatters from the guitar and horn vibrations. In the same way, "The Penabus (Going To Leyte Soon, Can You Get Me One?)" is mercurial enough to climax with guitar flanging and percussion shakes, but begins with an atmospheric scene-setting of layered trumpet and tenor saxophone reflections.
Truthfully though, those pieces which best express the mature considerations of the sextet are those which downplay Rock inflections for Jazz expressiveness. "Sparks Of Dare ... For Elizabeth Or Eleanor (Have You Ever Been To Roanoke?)" and "Night Time Messages (Not Exactly As Planned but Still OK ...)" both break through their polyphonic and polyrhythmic shapes to isolate distinctive reed encounters, the first between contra alto clarinet and alto saxophone, and the second between clarinet and alto saxophone. Unparalleled excitement is added to "Sparks Of Dare ..." with trumpet peeps and clip-clap drum patterns, with the finale finding the others turning tonally upwards as Golia propels foghorn-like snorts across the sound field. As for "Night Time Messages…" the flutter tonguing and doubled reed vibrations are eventually harmonized, so that a coloratura theme elaboration twists and turns enough with to connect with Noice's plectrum pacing.
Maintaining a front-row position with every type of improviser in the Los Angeles area has led Golia to experiment with nearly every size and shape of band and texture. As different as these discs are, they demonstrate his consistency. But it may have been helpful for comprehension if Trajectory's track titles were less like extended in-jokes.


Living organisms expand and contract soft tissues to achieve complex, 3-D movements and functions, but replicating those movements with man-made materials has proven challenging.
A University of Texas at Arlington researcher recently published groundbreaking research in Nature Communications that shows promise in finding a solution.
Kyungsuk Yum, an assistant professor in UTA's Materials Science and Engineering Department, and his doctoral student, Amirali Nojoomi, have developed a process by which 2-D hydrogels can be programmed to expand and shrink in a space- and time-controlled way that applies force to their surfaces, enabling the formation of complex 3-D shapes and motions.
This process could potentially transform the way soft engineering systems or devices are designed and fabricated. Potential applications for the technology include bioinspired soft robotics, artificial muscles - which are soft materials that change their shapes or move in response to external signals as our muscles do - and programmable matter. The concept is also applicable to other programmable materials.
"We studied how biological organisms use continuously deformable soft tissues such as muscle to make shapes, change shape and move because we were interested in using this type of method to create dynamic 3-D structures," Yum said.
His approach uses temperature-responsive hydrogels with local degrees and rates of swelling and shrinking. Those properties allow Yum to spatially program how the hydrogels swell or shrink in response to temperature change using a digital light 4-D printing method he developed that includes three dimensions plus time.
Using this method, Yum can print multiple 3-D structures simultaneously in a one-step process. Then, he mathematically programs the structures' shrinking and swelling to form 3-D shapes, such as saddle shapes, wrinkles and cones, and their direction.
He also has developed design rules based on the concept of modularity to create even more complex structures, including bioinspired structures with programmed sequential motions. This makes the shapes dynamic so they can move through space. He also can control the speed at which the structures change shape and thus create complex, sequential motion, such as how a stingray swims in the ocean.
"Unlike traditional additive manufacturing, our digital light 4-D printing method allows us to print multiple, custom-designed 3-D structures simultaneously. Most importantly, our method is very fast, taking less than 60 seconds to print, and thus highly scalable."
"Dr. Yum's approach to creating programmable 3D structures has the potential to open many new avenues in bioinspired robotics and tissue engineering. The speed with which his approach can be applied, as well as its scalability, makes it a unique tool for future research and applications," Meletis said.
Yum's paper, "Bioinspired 3D structures with programmable morphologies and motions," was published in the Sept. 12 issue of Nature Communications.
The research is an example of data-driven discovery, one of the themes of UTA's Strategic Plan 2020: Bold Solutions | Global Impact, said Stathis Meletis, chair of the Materials Science and Engineering Department.


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If you lived in Greece instead of United States, you would:
In United States, 36.2% of adults are obese as of 2016. In Greece, that number is 24.9% of people as of 2016.
United States has a GDP per capita of $59,800 as of 2017, while in Greece, the GDP per capita is $27,800 as of 2017.
be 4.9 times more likely to be unemployed
In United States, 4.4% of adults are unemployed as of 2017. In Greece, that number is 21.5% as of 2017.
be 2.4 times more likely to live below the poverty line
In United States, 15.1% live below the poverty line as of 2010. In Greece, however, that number is 36.0% as of 2014.
pay a 21.2% higher top tax rate
United States has a top tax rate of 39.6% as of 2016. In Greece, the top tax rate is 48.0% as of 2016.
be 84.2% less likely to die during childbirth
In United States, approximately 19.0 women per 100,000 births die during labor as of 2017. In Greece, 3.0 women do as of 2017.
be 30.2% less likely to die during infancy
In United States, approximately 5.3 children die before they reach the age of one as of 2020. In Greece, on the other hand, 3.7 children do as of 2020.
In United States, there are approximately 12.4 babies per 1,000 people as of 2020. In Greece, there are 7.8 babies per 1,000 people as of 2020.
In United States, approximately 87.3% of the population has internet access as of 2018. In Greece, about 73.0% do as of 2018.
see 31.4% less coastline
United States has a total of 19,924 km of coastline. In Greece, that number is 13,676 km.
Greece: At a glance
Greece is a sovereign country in Europe, with a total land area of approximately 130,647 sq km. Greece achieved independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1830. During the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, it gradually added neighboring islands and territories, most with Greek-speaking populations. In World War II, Greece was first invaded by Italy (1940) and subsequently occupied by Germany (1941-44); fighting endured in a protracted civil war between supporters of the king and other anti-communist and communist rebels. Following the latter's defeat in 1949, Greece joined NATO in 1952. In 1967, a group of military officers seized power, establishing a military dictatorship that suspended many political liberties and forced the king to flee the country. In 1974, democratic elections and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy. In 1981, Greece joined the EC (now the EU); it became the 12th member of the European Economic and Monetary Union in 2001. In 2010, the prospect of a Greek default on its euro-denominated debt created severe strains within the EMU and raised the question of whether a member country might voluntarily leave the common currency or be removed.
How big is Greece compared to United States? See an in-depth size comparison.
United States vs. France
United States vs. Iceland
United States vs. Egypt
United States vs. Singapore
United States vs. Hong Kong
United States vs. Algeria
The statistics on this page were calculated using the following data sources: The World Factbook, Internal Revenue Service, GSIS, Greece.
Join the Elsewhere community and ask a question about Greece. It's a free, question-and-answer based forum to discuss what life is like in countries and cities around the world.


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Home / TV / What Channel Is ESPN On AT&T? – Updated Guide 2021
What Channel Is ESPN On AT&T? – Updated Guide 2022
When you are a sports lover, every match matters. There is no way you can afford to miss out on a hair raising action-packed game. As such, it becomes mandatory to learn what channel is ESPN on AT&T.
This is the sports channel that will satiate your hunger for sports entertainment. It meticulously covers all the great content including game highlights, previews, scores, and major live events for the MLB, NFL, NBA College Football, and more.
Therefore, if you've got a subscription with AT&T, ESPN should surely be among the sports channel on your TV lineup.
Let's further discuss the details about ESPN and help uncover the channel number so that you can start watching the latest matches right away.
A brief background of ESPN
Which channel number is ESPN on AT&T?
Popular shows on ESPN
Monday Night Countdown
Sunday NFL Countdown
What sports channels are on AT&T TV?
Does AT&T have ESPN?
Is ESPN free with AT&T?
People love sports because it's something that brings about a common excitement. It also has a way of unifying and bonding us regardless of our interests and differences.
Since its launch in 1979 ESPN has been tapping into the people's love and enthusiasm for sports. The channel offers top-notch sports programming for its millions of viewers nationwide.
It's currently the most-watched sports-oriented TV channel in the country.
ESPN channel is a big deal among the sports-crazy fans. They rely on this TV network for the high-quality coverage of a wide variety of sports such as soccer, tennis, golf, rugby, basketball, and baseball just to mention a few. It's impossible to go wrong with a channel like ESPN by your side.
It's pretty common for ESPN viewers not to know the channel number it airs on. The truth is most of the cable TV channels have numbers that vary with the many different locations.
This means if you've moved to a new location or house, the channel number needed to tune in to ESPN on AT&T might have changed. That said, it shouldn't be concerning because there exists an easy fix.
Rather than spend half of your free time rummaging through a massive channel guide, use our table guide below here. It will not only ease your burden but also save precious time.
ESPN SD 602
ESPN HD 1602
This show actually stays true to its title because the hosts argue on various topics and often interrupt each other. Pardon the Interruption is hosted by Tony Kornheiser and Michael Wilbon.
They provide analysis of headlines to sports fans that do not have time to read an article. That said, the half-hour show airs on weekdays at the same time. Most of the topics are either football or basketball, but some other topics are covered.
This is very similar to Pardon the Interruption. It is hosted by Woody Paige, Michael Smith, Max Kellerman, and J.A. Adande. Each host provides their own opinion on various sporting news that are debated within a given time limit. You will notice that the format of this show is almost similar to Pardon the Interruption, but with more people.
This is probably one of ESPN's most known shows due to being in the title of the channel. This show provides sports fans with everything they need to know about their favorite teams.
It is shown four times every day at the following times: 5 am, 6 pm, 7 pm, and 10 pm. All-around-the-clock coverage of sports news for over five hours is what SportsCenter provides to its viewers, but it can be changed to include more sports depending on time of year.
SportsCenter is hosted by anchors Jay Harris, Hannah Storm, Steve Levy, John Buccigross, Darren Rovell, and Dana Jacobson.
SportsNation is an interactive show in which the fans share their comments, opinions, and knowledge about various sports. It demonstrates fan-dialogue and sports banter and is very interactive.
Viewers can join in on the discussion via e-mail, phone, or online through Facebook and Twitter to share their thoughts with other viewers. SportsNation is hosted by Max Kellerman and Marcellus Wiley with fan reaction demonstrated by Cari Champion.
While many football fans are eager about the Sundays, it's not always the case when a popular team has a game set for Monday night. However, ESPN's popular show Monday Night Countdown has still managed to gain popularity despite its 6 PM time slot.
The show covers teams that are playing in the Monday night games with all the highs and lows included. The show is hosted by Chris Berman along with commentators Cris Carter, Mike Ditka, Tom Jackson, Keyshawn Johnson, and Steve.
Many viewers look forward to the previews, pregame specials, player profiles, and game analysis that the show provides for Monday night games. Also, a good number of popular football players who have been invited to appear on the show include Drew Brees, Tony Dungy, Dan Marino, and Eli Manning.
This is a weekly show that covers NFL games played during the weekend. The show also provides predictions, updates, and discussions on past and present football teams.
It also features all the NFL action that occurred during that week. Sunday NFL Countdown has earned quite a reputation for breaking down and analyzing the NFL stories and happenings.
For many people, catching a game on the ESPN channel is how they start or end a long day. This makes it an important part of any channel lineup. And with a reliable cable TV service like AT&T, you're on the way to an exciting experience.
You'll find various sports networks on AT&T TV including NBCSN, Fox Sports 1, NBA TV, MLB Network, and the much-loved ESPN.
Yes, catch the latest sporting events and games on ESPN on channel 1602 with AT&T.
A subscription is required to access the content on the ESPN channel with the AT&T TV service.
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Heartbreaking news has been released this morning as the wife of the late Rauf Raif Denktaş, Aydın Denktaş, has reportedly passed away at the intensive care unit of Lefkosa state hospital this morning.
Mrs Denktaş was admitted to the intensive care unit of Lefkoşa State Hospital on the 1st of January suffering from pneumonia where she remained in hospital. Her condition had improved and she was later transferred to an inpatient ward.
However, last weekend, following a sudden drop in her blood pressure, she was taken back to the intensive care unit where she died from pneumonia and multiple organ failure this morning. Aydın Denktaş was 86.


Listening List: February 2019- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the February 2019 edition of the Listening List.
WorldWide Countdown: February 2019- Welcome to the WorldWide Countdown Podcast, a podcast recommending and reviewing music from around the globe.
2019 Best Music Schools: Isn't It Special- Certain colleges have earned especially high marks of specific aspects of music education.
2019 Best Music Schools: A Guiding Hand- Admissions Consultants for Music Colleges offer students help through the entrance maze.
Listening List: January 2019- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the January 2019 edition of the Listening List.
WorldWide Countdown: January 2019- Welcome to the WorldWide Countdown Podcast, a podcast recommending and reviewing music from around the globe.
Songwriting's Olympic Village- The ASCAP EXPO in Los Angeles Brings Music Creators Together for Three Days of Networking, Education and Inspiration.
Techniques: All About That Bass- Basslines are often the foundation of a song, along with being the first thing that might grab a listener.
Taylor Made- Ten Years Into Her Record-Breaking Career, the 29-Year Old Pop Superstar Keeps Evolving.
Listening List: December 2018- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the December 2018 edition of the Listening List.
WorldWide Countdown: December 2018- Welcome to the WorldWide Countdown Podcast, a podcast recommending and reviewing music from around the globe.
Let There Be Light…and Sound- How do the technicians who work behind the scenes make sure the magic happens onstage? And how did they learn their craft?
Techniques: Country Music- The sparse poetry of classic country music is rooted in its folk-accented one forms, arrangements and instrumentation.
The Song Remains the Same?- The classic rock pose of Greta Van Fleet has earned the millennial band worldwide buzz even as the Michigan quartet polarizes opinion.
Elvis Presley & The Clash's London Calling- Exploring the idea of artistic homage, the Classic Album Covers column in the December issue of In Tune discusses the covers for Elvis Presley (1956) and The Clash's London Calling (1979).
Listening List: November 2018- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the November 2018 edition of the Listening List.
WorldWide Countdown: November 2018- Welcome to the WorldWide Countdown Podcast, a podcast recommending and reviewing music from around the globe.
Techniques: Pentatonic Scale- We give you a few distinctive techniques and methods you can use to study the art of the pentatonic scale.
Sustainable Woods- Key instrument makers are emphasizing sustainability when it comes to harvesting trees for guitars, drums and more.
How to String an Acoustic Guitar- Learn how to cut and restring your own acoustic guitar with D'Addario.
Listening List: October 2018- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the October 2018 edition of the Listening List.
Double Pedal Patterns with Korn's Ray Luzier- Ray Luzier is the drummer for nu-metal band Korn. In this video, he talks you through the basics of double pedal patterns.
Postcard from KCON- This two-day festival of Korean pop music and culture shows how fast genre is growing in America.
Lionel Richie- From his early days in the Commodores to his hit-making solo career and recent revival, Lionel Ritchie has been one of pop's most successful crossover artists.
Blues Progressions Part 2: Riffs and More- We completed our two part lesson on the blues in the May issue of In Tune with a look at minor chord progressions and riff-based blues songs.
Listening List: May 2018- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the May 2018 edition of the Listening List.
More About Software- Learn more about music software with these online tutorials from around the web.
Listening List: April 2018- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the April 2018 edition of the Listening List.
Blues Progressions Part 1- Hear some classic blues progressions in their original setting and in other genres.
Keyboards in Action- As we outline in our April issue, keyboards come in a range of category. We've collected some demonstration videos to help you see how they compare.
Musgrave's Muses- Kacey Musgraves influences range from Western swing to traditional country to classic disco. Here's a playlist with some of the artists that have inspired her.
The Music of Black Panther- Black Panther had so much music that it resulted in two soundtrack albums. We've selected examples from the Original Score and The Album—Music From and Inspired By.
Listening List: March 2018- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the March 2018 edition of the Listening List.
Articulation- This month's techniques feature is on articulations—the different ways we can attack each note. In addition to the usual audio examples, we've posted some videos demonstrating a number of different articulations.
Marching 2018- Want to learn more about marching music? Check out these organizations!
K-Pop Rocks!- Check out some of the artists we profiled in the February 2018 issue of In Tune. These groups are known as much for their visual style as for their music.
Listening List: February 2018- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the February 2018 edition of the Listening List.
College 18- In this bonus feature from In Tune's February 2018 Best Music Schools feature, undergraduates tell us how they adjusted to their first year of college—both academically and socially. You can find advice from administrators and instructors here.
Listening List: January 2018- Listen to the podcast and stream all 10 selections from the January 2018 edition of the Listening List.
Awesome Aussies- From rock to country to pop, Australasian artists have played a major role in American music.
Icon: Talking Heads- '80s new wave group Talking Heads brought new life to pop and alternative rock with their inventive blend of afrobeat, electro, funk, and pop.
The Nylon Solution- Nylon-string guitars have a rich history all their own.
Crying Time- For Sam Smith, sad songs say so much.
A Minor Reinvention- Harmonic, melodic, and jazz minor scales provide a variety of musical flavors.
Petty Chords- All you need to play Tom Petty's "Free Fallin'" is right here.
La Stupenda- Joan Sutherland was one of the greatest operatic sopranos of the 20th century.
Influences: St. Vincent ⇠ Gilbert & Sullivan- From alt-rock to operetta in four songs.
Jonathan Stein's Beatmaking Process- In our December 2017 Write Stuff column, we looked at how electronic musician Jonathan Stein constructs a composition.
Trane Film Has Arrived- The "Trane" being saxophonist John Coltrane, of course.
Victor Wooten Pushes Pedals- A great bassist experiments with sound.
One Direction, percussion instruments, Charlie Puth and Wiz Khalifa's "See You Again," Run-D.M.C., Kesha, quiet storm, the In Tune Listening List, and more!


text:
The 2004–05 season of the División de Honor de Futsal is the 16th season of top-tier futsal in Spain.

Regular season

League table

Playoffs

Championship playoffs

The Finals were broadcast in Spain on TVE2 and Teledeporte.

Relegation playoff

 PSG Móstoles remained in División de Honor.

External links
2004–05 season at lnfs.es

See also
División de Honor de Futsal
Futsal in Spain

Spain
futsal
Liga Nacional de Fútbol Sala seasons

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


"The 'State' was substituted for humanity; cosmopolitan gave way to nationalism.
An excellent description of blended learning environments.
During the first phase, we will work collectively in order to learn basic definitions and explore the impact of current theme. We will accomplish this through a variety of communal activities. We will also test our knowledge of previous units, explore how they are related to the new theme and learn how our cumulatively enhanced knowledge of history will inform the parameters of the unit's end-project in media activism (Year One) or global diplomacy & international law (Year Two). This phase will last approximately one to two weeks. (In most units, this section lasts 2 weeks).
The second phase will be reserved for acquiring the knowledge required to demonstrate acquisition of the requires skill and knowledge individually and collectively. During this phase students will democratically determine deadlines and methods for effectively completing the course project, successfully composing analytical essays on the course questions and themes, completing their manuscripts, engaging in coaching and discussion sessions involving the instructor(s) and for completing the course research. This phase will last approximately 4-5 weeks.
You will have almost total control over your workflow during this phase. This is thrilling to some, and terrifying to others. Together, however, we will develop the necessary workflow and group and self management skills necessary to plan a research and writing project of quality and scale.
The large part of your time during phase two will be spent either in small team sessions with your teacher (under a coaching model) or in "individualized instruction." You will learn about the varieties of activities you will engage in with our teacher as you proceed through the course, while you are individualized instruction, you are free to work alone, with partners or in small groups. You may use the full scope of the room's resources and space while you do so. Considering the amount of self-designed time and space you are given in the class, very few excuses for failing to submit work when it is due or failing to be prepared for assessments will be accepted. Students must also remember that they are responsible for reading and reviewing all of the History and Meaning and introductory pages of the unit website in addition to their more traditional research assignments.
You will receive instructions describing the nature of each unit's manuscript entries.
Authors of the the best work will be invited to submit to our unit website or other venues. Mr. T will sponsor and referee superior work for submission to online journals like the Huffington Post, Social Education and Takepart.com. among other media outlets.
The World History Association's student essay prize will be directly targeted by our classes.
Deliberation: Each unit will involve a historically based simulation/debate/deliberation. These will take the form of town hall meetings and activist gatherings in Year One and the form of Historical Security Councils and Mock Trials in Year Two.
Note-taking: Students will be required to take notes and/or annotate their readings in the way that suits them best as long as the student passes all of her exit assessments and her average remains above 80%. A drop below 80% will result in a conference and the student may be required to utilize a prescribed method of note-taking.
Study Guide: A revision template will be distributed in the last two weeks before any major exam.
Pop Quizzes: Pop quizzes will be sprung on students randomly.
No points–but entered into Pinnacle w/comments. Consistent poor performance will result in parental contact.
Mastery quest taken at any time during Phase 2 when the student feels ready–must achieve 75% to graduate from unit and move into Phase 3.
Once each student passes the Mastery Quest and submitted all work, they are on "Study Leave" and become to free to study for their Phase 3 assessments/work on their Manuscripts according to their own personal tastes.
Reflect on the subject individually, in groups and as a class.
Including (whenever possible) an Exit Viva Voce: A final 1-1 discussion with the teacher on the unit topic. 15+ minutes.
This phase will last approximately 2 weeks.


In terms of archaeology, the site of Tsitsernakaberd, the Armenian Genocide memorial complex located in Yerevan, is rather remarkable. During the construction of the memorial complex in the 1960s, workers discovered Bronze Age clay vessels there.
Further investigations revealed that the territory of Tsitsernakaberd had housed an Iron Age fortress named Tsitsernaki Berd ("swallow's fortress"). According to archaeologist Hayk Hakobyan, throughout the memorial complex lie rocks that have been left out of sight over decades. Those rocks in reality are the fragments of the ancient fortress' walls.
"In the area closer to the Hrazdan stadium, we found rooms of the royal type. Because we need finances for further research, we closed those rooms off for the time being," said Hakobyan. Additionally, archaeologists discovered stone statues in the form of birds and horses. At the moment, they are kept in the History Museum of Armenia in Yerevan.
Hakobyan argues that this territory should be converted into a museum-reserve, and the archaeological excavations should be carried on. Over the years, all found artifacts have been documented in photos, but some of them still aren't even digitalized.
Legends and archaeological material help us to more carefully examine the surroundings of Tsitsernakaberd and dive into the fortress' history.


FRAMED PRINT. 22x18 inch (56x46cm) Framed Print with Black Satin with Off-White Digital Mat. Artwork depicting SKY CHART. Sky chart showing the signs of the Zodiac and other celestial features. Shipping from USA.
Artwork Description... Sky chart showing the signs of the Zodiac and other celestial features.


Mix brownies according to package. Pour half of the batter into an 8x8 pan. Break the candy bar into sections and lay on top of the batter. Pour the rest of the batter over the candy bar and lightly swirl to cover the candy bar. Bake according to directions. Cool. Slice with a plastic knife according to our friend...at....Eat. Slap somebody . . . they are that good!
For more yummy recipes like this one, click here to go to Tempt My Tummy Tuesday, click here to go to Tasty Tuesday, and then stop by here for Kitchen Tip Tuesday.


text:
1994 MTV Europe Music Awards
Front of Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, Germany
Television/Radio coverage
MTV Networks International (Europe)
The first MTV Europe Music Awards were held on November 24, 1994 at Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, Germany, five years after the removal of the Berlin Wall. Hosted by Tom Jones, the show featured performances by Aerosmith, Björk, Roxette, Take That and George Michael. Presenters included East 17, Jean Paul Gaultier, Naomi Campbell, Pamela Anderson and model Helena Christensen, who kissed INXS's Michael Hutchence live on stage.
Winners are in bold text.
Beck — "Loser"
Blur — "Girls & Boys"
Aerosmith — "Cryin'"
Björk — "Big Time Sensuality"
Youssou N'Dour & Neneh Cherry — "7 Seconds"
Mark Pellington (Whale — "Hobo Humpin' Slobo Babe")
Spike Jonze (Beastie Boys — "Sabotage")
Julien Temple (Enigma — "Return to Innocence")
Stephane Sednaoui (MC Solaar — "Nouveau Western")
Wim Wenders and Mark Neale (U2 — "Stay (Faraway, So Close!)")
Best Male
The Artist Formerly Known as Prince
Best Female
Marusha
Best Group
Best New Act
Therapy?
Best Dance
Reel 2 Real
D Ream
Best Rock
Best Cover
Wet Wet Wet — "Love Is All Around"
Pet Shop Boys — "Go West"
Gun — "Word Up!"
Ace of Base — "Don't Turn Around"
Big Mountain — "Baby, I Love Your Way"
George Michael — "Freedom! '90"
Aerosmith — "Walk on Water" & "Cryin'"
Roxette — "Sleeping in My Car"
Take That — "Sure"
Björk with Fluke — "Big Time Sensuality"
Therapy? — "Die Laughing"
Ace of Base — "Living in Danger"
Tom Jones — "If I Only Knew"
George Michael — "Jesus to a Child"
Prince — "Peach"
Franz Beckenbauer - introduced Tom Jones
Tracey Ullman – presented Best Male
Jean Paul Gaultier and Naomi Campbell – presented Best Dance Act
Alexi Lalas and Dave Mustaine – presented Best Female
Pamela Anderson and East 17 – presented Best Rock
Herbert Grönemeyer and Marusha – presented Best Cover Version
Youssou N'Dour and Neneh Cherry – presented Best Breakthrough Act
Bono – accepted Free Your Mind on behalf of Amnesty International
Steven Tyler and Joe Perry – presented Best Director
Franz Beckenbauer – presented Best Group
Helena Christensen and Michael Hutchence – presented Best Song
MTV Europe Music Awards (EMAs)
New Act
Live Act
Push Act
World Stage Performance
Biggest Fans
Worldwide Act
Best Look
Artist on the Rise
Song with a Social Message
Worldwide Awards
Europe - North
Europe - Central
Europe - South
Europe - East
Africa, Middle East & India
Japan & Korea
Southeast Asian, Mainland China, Hong Kong & Taiwan
Regional Awards
Latin America - North
Latin America - Central
Latin America - South
China & Hong Kong
Defunct Awards
Czech Republic & Slovakia
Netherlands & Belgium
Romania & Moldova
Ultimate Legend
Nominations by
nationality of artist
British (English, Scottish, Welsh, Northern Irish)


text:
Q: What is equivalent of mklink in Windows Powershell? When I shift-right-click on a folder I had been able to "open command window here".
NOTE: I am NOT INTERESTED in the registry hack to put this feature back on.
After which I could use mklink to create symbolic links.
Under recent profound wisdom of Microsoft, after last couple of Windows 10 updates, "command window here" has been replaced with "powershell here".
Hence complying with Microsoft's esteemed wisdom implying that I should use powershell instead of the long outdated cmd

*

*what is the equivalent of making a softlink in powershell?

*and any other type of link that mklink could make?

A: You can create soft links in PowerShell via:
cmd /c mklink /J "<link>" "<target>"

The above uses old cmd in PowerShell. However, the above does not work for symbolic links (/D).

A: This is answered in [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/34905638/4744055
But use New-Item Powershell command. No DOS CMD necessary any more.
   New-Item -Path <to> -ItemType SymbolicLink -Value <from>

where <to> is the location to put the new symlink, and <from> is the target of the new symlink.  E.g.
   New-Item -Path "$env:USERPROFILE\desktop\MyNewLinkToCmd.exe" `
            -ItemType SymbolicLink -Value "c:\windows\system32\cmd.exe"

Also note that you must run this from Powershell running as administrator.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
G. M. Kumar is an Indian actor who has appeared in Tamil language films. He won Nandi Award for Second Best Story Writer film Muvva Gopaludu (1987) its an official remake of his own film Aruvadai Naal

Personal life
GM kumar was born in 1957 in Avadi.As a child he got the chance to view many films.Soon he moved to film industry as assistant director to K. Bhagyaraj.He had worked with Livingston and R.P.Vishwam for movies like Kakki Sattai, Kanni Rasi.

Career
Kumar debuted in films by directing Sivaji Productions' Aruvadai Naal (1986) with Prabhu in the lead role. The film won good reviews and fetched Kumar several offers to make more films, though he noted that he rejected several as the producers were unwilling to have Ilaiyaraaja as composer. His next two directorial venture Pickpocket and Uruvam were disasters. The film Irumbu Pookal's music did well as two songs were composed by M.S.Viswanathan, however the film failed at the box office. Due to his insistence that he will direct only if music is by Ilaiyaraaja, he lost films. Thus his market value significantly diminished and only went to make three more films despite his initial success. His decision to produce and direct Uruvam became a financial failure and put him into bankruptcy. He ended up making his acting debut as a villain in Bharathiraja's Captain Magal (1992), before disappearing to make documentaries and to study anthropology. In the early 2000s, he was once again on the verge of bankruptcy and chose to act in minor roles offered by his protege Raj Kapoor, in films including Ramchandra and the unreleased Sivalingam IPS. He expressed his surprise at being given an offer by Shankar's production house and took up the role in Veyil (2006) to make ends meet, winning acclaim for his role.

Bala approached him to star in Avan Ivan as a character called Highness, with his performance winning him a nomination for the Vijay Award for Best Supporting Actor. Critics labelled his performance as "riveting", though the film only won average reviews.

Filmography

Acting credits

Directing credits

Writer

Television
 Devathayai Kanden (2017) as Vasudevan's grandfather
 Poove Unakkaga (2020) as Shankaralingam
 Sembaruthi (2021) as Aadhikadavur" Aadhi Parameswaran

Web series

References

External links
G. M. Kumar on Facebook
G. M. Kumar on Twitter

Indian male film actors
Tamil male actors
Living people
Tamil film directors
1957 births
Male actors from Chennai
Male actors in Tamil cinema
20th-century Indian male actors
21st-century Indian male actors
20th-century Indian film directors
Tamil screenwriters
Screenwriters from Tamil Nadu
Indian male television actors


Wey-Wey Kwok has been a staff attorney at the Center for Medicare Advocacy since 2002. In addition to her work with the Litigation Unit, she represents Medicare beneficiaries in appealing coverage denials of home health and skilled nursing facility care. Previously, Ms. Kwok worked as an attorney with the Legal Aid Society of Hawaii in Hilo, Hawaii, specializing in family law, public benefits, and domestic and elder abuse. As a project attorney for the AARP Foundation's National Training Project, she designed and delivered materials and training on elder law for aging advocates across the country.
Ms. Kwok graduated from Yale and received a law degree from the Georgetown University Law Center, where she was a Public Interest Law Scholar. Ms. Kwok is a member of the Hawaii (inactive), Washington, DC (inactive) and New York Bars.


text:
The Fenton Downtown Historic District was a commercial historic district located along LeRoy Street between Silver Lake Road and Ellen Street in Fenton, Michigan. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974, but was substantially demolished and subsequently delisted in 1975.

History
Fenton was first settled in 1834, and grew considerably in the 1850s in anticipation of the establishment of the Detroit, Grand Haven and Milwaukee, through the town in 1856. The original commercial center was south of the Shiawassee River, but after the Civil War, a building boom in the town established a new center at this location. By the 1880s, a number of new brick commercial buildings had been constructed along LeRoy Street.

By the 1960s, however, shopping in downtown Fenton had dropped as consumers moved to nearby malls. In 1966, it was planned to demolish the downtown in the name of urban renewal. Some of the town instead advocated for historic preservation. After much debate, the buildings were demolished in 1975.

Description
Fenton Downtown Historic District consisted of commercial and municipal structures constructed on each side of Leroy Street for two blocks. Most of these structures were two-story brick buildings; however there was one single-story building and a few three-story buildings. The buildings had individual brick and galvanized iron cornices, along with a mix of rectangular and round-arched windows capped with assorted materials.

Gallery

References

National Register of Historic Places in Genesee County, Michigan
Demolished buildings and structures in Michigan
Buildings and structures demolished in 1975
Former National Register of Historic Places in Michigan