A sprain is the stretching or tearing of ligaments that connect adjacent bones and provide stability to a joint. An ankle sprain is a common injury that occurs when you suddenly fall, twist the joint or when you land in an awkward position after a jump. Most commonly, it occurs when you participate in sports or when you jump or run on a surface that is irregular. Ankle sprains can cause pain, swelling, tenderness, bruising, stiffness, and inability to walk or bear weight on the ankle.
The diagnosis of an ankle sprain is usually made by evaluating the history of injury and physical examination of the ankle. An X-ray of your ankle may be needed to confirm if a fracture is present. The most common treatment recommended for ankle sprains is rest, ice, compression and elevation (RICE).
Rest: You should not move or use the injured part to help reduce pain and prevent further damage. Crutches may be ordered to help with walking.
Ice: An ice-pack should be applied over the injured area for up to 3 days after the injury. You can use a cold pack or crushed ice wrapped in a towel. Never place ice directly on the skin. Ice packs help reduce swelling and relieve pain.
During your recovery, rehabilitation exercises are recommended to strengthen and improve range of motion in your foot. You may need to use a brace or wrap to support, and protect your ankle during sports activities. Avoid pivoting and twisting movements for 2 to 3 weeks. To prevent further sprains or re-injury, you may need to wear a semi-rigid ankle brace during exercise, special wraps and high-top lace shoes.


text:
Q: Android: downloading huge volume data from Parse.com I am working on downloading data (some long messages in String) from Parse.com.
While the code works previously when the data volume is small, now when the database is growing bigger, for weaker device, the download process will be failed. The codes are as follows:
Codes:
// RemoteDataTask AsyncTask
    private class DownloadRemoteDataTask_message extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void>
    {
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute()
        {
            super.onPreExecute();
            mProgressDialog = new ProgressDialog(CopyOfFirst2.this);
            mProgressDialog.setTitle("Please wait!");
            mProgressDialog.setMessage("Updating database...");
            mProgressDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
            mProgressDialog.setCancelable(false);
            mProgressDialog.show();
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... params)
        {
            ParseQuery<ParseObject> query = new ParseQuery<ParseObject>("MessagesDB");
            query.whereEqualTo("status", "accepted");
            query.setLimit((total_message_be_dl+1));
            query.orderByDescending("qref_message");

            try
            {
                ob_message = query.find();
            }
            catch (ParseException e)
            {
                Log.e("Error", e.getMessage());
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Void result)
        {
            for (ParseObject parse_table : ob_message)
            {
                String t_objectID = parse_table.getObjectId();
                String t_status = (String) parse_table.get("status");
                String t_user = (String) parse_table.get("username");
                String t_source = (String) parse_table.get("source");
                String t_title= (String) parse_table.get("title");
                int t_qref_canton = (Integer) parse_table.get("qref_canton");
                String t_canton = (String) parse_table.get("canton");
                int t_qref_message = (Integer) parse_table.get("qref_message");
                String t_message = (String) parse_table.get("message");

                String St_qref_canton = String.valueOf(t_qref_canton);
                String St_qref_message = "C"+String.valueOf(t_qref_message);

                String conso =
                          t_objectID        + "----\n"              //0
                        + t_status          + "----\n"              //1
                        + t_user            + "----\n"              //2
                        + t_source          + "----\n"              //3
                        + t_title           + "----\n"              //4
                        + t_qref_canton     + "----\n"              //5
                        + t_canton          + "----\n"              //6
                        + t_qref_message    + "----\n"              //7
                        + t_message         + "----\n"              //8
                        ;

                SharedPreferences.Editor e = settings.edit();
                e.putString(St_qref_message,conso);
                e.commit();
            }
            mProgressDialog.dismiss();
            custom_dialog(total_message_be_dl);
        }
    }

Question:
The ProgressDialog stops running (before the process end?), it freezes for a while for both stronger and weaker device.
But for stronger device, around 7 to 8 seconds the custom_dialog pops with a successful message counting the total message downloaded.
But for weaker device, it just black out afterwards.
The messages volume up till now is around 600 messages (with chinese and english characters), and is believed that the volume will + 10 messages daily.
The data downloaded will be stored as SharedPrefrenece only instead of local database in view of simple nature with reference to a unique key (qref xxx),
How could the above codes be improved? Or how can make the progressDialog not to disappear too quickly until all works are completed?
Thanks!

A: SharedPreferences.Editor editor; method commit() is an expensive operation.
It's call should definitely be minimized. You can call it once inside onPause() of your activity to ensure all your operations are updated.
For more details:
http://typorrhea.wordpress.com/2010/10/31/android-sharedpreferences-edit-commit-is-expensive/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Why is there an index error -list out of range - in this PYTHON 3 sketch below? Thanks #this is the  PYTHON 3 sketch:
x =[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
i = 0
a = x[i]
while x[i] <=len(x):  #why does this line throw an error
    a == x[i]
    print(a)
    i +=1
print("END")

enter image description here
This is the error:
while x[i] <=len(x):  #why does this line throw an error
IndexError: list index out of range

thoughts: I can get the sketch to run if I place a 9 in the  while statement.
but the length value will not run. Please help with this concern. Thanks

A: The index values in a list start from 0 and go up to one less than the length of the list
removing the = sign should fix the code
#this is the  PYTHON 3 sketch:
x =[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
i = 0
a = x[i]
while x[i] <len(x):  #why does this line throw an error
    a = x[i]
    print(a)
    i +=1
print("END")

Generally, you won't have a list like the one you have now. In those cases, it'll be better to write either while i < len(x): or for i in range(len(x)). If you're using the for-loop with range way, then you should leave the i += 1 line.
Edit:
Assuming you are trying to iterate over a List x and print it. Below are some methods to achieve it.
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

# Using While Loop
i = 0
while i < len(x):
    a = x[i]
    print(a)
    i += 1

# Using For Loop
for a in x:
    print(a)

There are many more ways to achieve it, you can find it here:
https://www.askpython.com/python/list/iterate-through-list-in-python


text:
_[matthewragan.com](http://matthewragan.com)_
_1.5.17_

---
## Day 2 - Reference Networks ##
_1.5.17_

There's always more material to talk about than we can cover in the time we have togehter. To that end, I want to make sure that you have some additional reference materail that's specific to what we're covering in our workshop.

This is likely to contian networks that we've talked about specifically, as well as networks that we haven't - but whose concepts might well be useful to you.

There are a ton of additional support materials on the web these days, but finding the thing you're after is often the hardest part. I'm hoping that this might give you a push in the right direction when it comes to searching for answers to your questions... at least in the intial stages.

_documentation written in markdown_

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Foreign Policy Analysis Essay: Why did Obama authorise a troop surge in Afghanistan?
The purpose of this research is to examine the decision making process that led to Obama's decision to authorise a troop surge in Afghanistan. The opinion of this research is that Obama authorised the troop surge because he wanted to eliminate Al Qaeda and the Taliban and stop these groups from using Afghanistan as a base to attack the US. This research will analyse in the following order: rational actor model, bureaucratic model and belief set to present a convincing explanation of the decision making of the troop surge. Ultimately, the research concluded that the belief set is the most significant factor of Obama's decision making process. This research is important because there has been very little literature on the significance of Obama's belief set in the decision making leading to the troop surge.
When elected as President, Obama had a range of issues to solve, one of which was the lingering fight with Al Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan, which is the longest war in American history. Eventually, Obama authorised a troop surge in Afghanistan because he wanted to eradicate Al Qaeda and stop them from using a sovereign country, such as Afghanistan, as a base to launch attacks on the US, like 9/11. There are three dimensions this research will explore in the following order; rational actor model, bureaucratic model and the belief set model. In each paragraph this research will provide a brief explanation of the model, apply the model to the case, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each model and then compare and contrast each model. The findings of this research conclude that belief set is the most significant factor in explaining Obama's decision making of the troop surge.
Rational Actor Model
The decision maker's aim is to maximise their utilities (Alden and Aran, 2017, p. 29) and this is known as the rational actor model. Allison (1971, p. 30) further elucidates the rational actor model as a "value-maximising choice within specific constrains" in which the decision maker picks the option that produces the ramifications that is favoured. The troop surge can be seen in a rational actor dimension because Obama had four options. Option one: 85,000 troops, best for counter insurgency (Foxley, 2012, p. 11). Option two: McChrystals 40,000 troops request for his COIN strategy (Marsh, 2014, p.272). Option three: 30-35,000 troops which was a Secretary of Defence's and Pentagon's alternative (Hook, Ray & Scott, 2007, p.26). Lastly, option four: 20,000 special forces and trainers which was Biden's solution to combat Al Qaeda (Foxley, 2013, p. 11). Eventually, Obama authorised option two but with only 30,000 troops as this was the best value maximising decision for the US in exterminating Al Qaeda and the Taliban and stopping them using Afghanistan as a base for an attack (Landler, 2017). The rational actor model has many advantages; for example it is "compatible with any set of structural assumptions about the environmental setting in which the actor is present" (Ogu, 2013, p. 97). Also, it provides a structure for "understanding human behaviour" (Becker, 1976, p.14). However, there are disadvantages for example, there may be insufficient information making it complicated for decision makers to make rational decisions (Ogu, 2013, p. 97). Furthermore, the model neglects the circumstance that these decisions are made as understanding the circumstances will enable us to decide if the decision was rational (Ogu, 2013, p. 98). When compared to the bureaucratic model, the rational actor model does not consider the influence of actors within a government (Clarke, 1989, p.38) as they can manipulate the decision making process. In addition, when compared to belief set, the rational actor model does not acknowledge Obama's belief set, personality or perception (Clarke, 1989, p.38). Although the rational actor model is useful, this research believes that the bureaucratic model and more significantly, belief set, is better at explaining the troop surge.
Bureaucratic model
The collective administrative, such as a cabinet, make foreign policy decisions arguing its position of interests in order to frame the discussion and decision making to is advantage (Allison, 1971,p. 171) and usually the actors position is determined by their job (Miles, 1978, p.399) and this is called the bureaucratic model. The troop surge can be seen in a bureaucratic dimension with multiple actors arguing their position; however, this research will only discuss McChrystal, Mullen and Petraeus of the support side and Biden, Ekenberry, Emanuel of the opponent's side. General McChrystal, the Afghanistan commander of US forces, advocated the most for a troop surge due to his bureaucratic role of trying to reach his objectives of peace and influence in the region which he believed would be achieved with additional troops (Marsh, 2014, p.275). Mullen, who was Joint Chief of Staff, served his bureaucratic interests of protecting the reputation of the army and defeat in Afghanistan would have threatened this (Marsh, 2014, p. 276) thus his support for a surge. Furthermore, General Petraeus, of Central Command, recommended Obama to approve McChrystal's 40,000 troops request (Kornblut, Wilson & Deyoung, 2009) as Petraeus would have been assessed and held responsible for the end result of the war therefore Petraeus wanted success in Afghanistan (Marsh, 2014, p. 276) showing how he was influenced by his bureaucratic role. On the contrary, Vice President Biden wanted to preserve Obama's autonomy of action therefore Biden tried to counter the surge sentiment which shows how Biden was fulfilling his bureaucratic role (Marsh, 2014, p. 277). In addition, Eikenberry, Ambassador to Afghanistan, was united in the bureaucratic operation of the State Department, of overseeing the diplomatic efforts in Afghanistan and Eikenberry made sure to counter the pro surge sentiment (Marsh, 2014, p. 277) showing how he was influenced by his bureaucratic position. Additionally, White House Chief of Staff Emanuel opposed the surge due to his bureaucratic position. Emanuel was concerned about Obama giving too much interest on Afghanistan (Mann, 2012, p. 135) and that the potential negative consequences of his troop surge will make it harder for Obama to implement policies in other areas, such as healthcare (Marsh, 2014, p. 278). This model provides a framework helping us explain why decisions were taken which is an advantage. However, the model ignores other roles like pressure groups and external forces (advisors) that could have influenced the decision making (Wagner, 1974, p.450 & Caldwell, 1977, p. 97). Additionally, the bureaucratic model does not consider components such as personality and life background that could have helped explain Obama's decision (Art, 1973, p.486 & Kohl, 1975, p.4). Furthermore, it fails to consider the role of the leader (Rourke, 1972, p.432 & Perlmutter, 1974, p.90) and critics have argued that the model presumes that the president is equal to its cabinet however, the president can override any actor of the cabinet (Rosati, 1981, p. 246) showing how the president is not equal. Moreover, the model assumes governmental positions determine the actor's policy (Krasner, 1972, p.165) however, Clinton was a surge supporter (Marsh, 2014, p. 276) even though this model would have assumed she was an opponent based on the office she holds (Secretary of State). When compared to the rational actor model, the bureaucratic model does not consider the 'value maximising' choice of a troop surge. When compared to the belief set, the bureaucratic model fails to take into consideration Obama's belief that Al Qaeda was a threat to the US and only focuses on the actors within his government. Due to the short comings of the bureaucratic model, this research believes that belief set is better at explaining the troop surge decision.
Belief set
The role of belief set is the most significant factor in the decision making of Obama. A 'belief set' is a "set of images held by an individual about a particular (issue). This set of images acts as a screen, letting in information that fits the belief set and keeping out information that does not" (Neack, 2003, p.58). The Obama troop surge can be seen in a 'belief set' dimension due to the following. Firstly, Obama says that the security of the American people is his greatest responsibility (Obama, 2016). Secondly, Obama argued that Al Qaeda was the greatest threat to the US (Obama, 2016) when he took office. Thirdly, he wanted to stop any terrorist organisation from attacking the US (Obama, 2016). Finally, Obama wanted to uphold American values and uphold the rule of law (Obama, 2016). The Afghanistan situation mirrored Obama's belief set perfectly because the Taliban and Al Qaeda was still a threat to the US which in turn meant that Obama had to protect the US which fits into the first two points. Additionally, Al Qaeda was re-emerging as a threat again (Beauchamp, 2017) and the Taliban repressed the Afghan people's rights which fit onto the third and fourth set of beliefs that Obama had. The Afghanistan troop surge fulfils all four sets of beliefs that Obama which is why it is the most significant factor in his decision making. The belief set model has many advantages for example; it provides simplicity for scholars to understand why a leader took a certain decision (Dunne, Hadfield & Smith, 2016, p.145). However, there are many disadvantages such as its failure to take into consideration state pressure, bureaucratic restrictions and extrinsic climate to supplement the individual analysis (Holsti, 1970, p. 27). Moreover, belief set does not address macro factors such as institution, environment, foreign agents (Lindblom, 1959, p. 80) that influence the decision making. When compared to the bureaucratic model, belief set does not consider actors within the government, that can heavily influence the decision making (Holsti, 1970, p.27). Furthermore, belief set does not acknowledge the circumstances that decisions are made, unlike the rational actor model (Alden et al, 2017). However, although the belief set has many drawbacks, ultimately this research believes this is the most significant factor in Obama's troop surge because the troop surge in Afghanistan adheres to all of Obama's belief therefore it was inevitable that Obama would have took action in Afghanistan.
To conclude, the goal of the Obama troop surge was to exterminate Al Qaeda and the Taliban and to stop them from using Afghanistan as a base to launch attacks on the US. The decision making process can be seen in three dimensions; rational actor model, bureaucratic model and belief set model. Looking at the troop surge at a rational actor dimension we can argue that sending 30,000 troops to Afghanistan was a value maximising decision by Obama because it would have helped claw back territory from the Taliban whilst stopping them from using Afghanistan as a base to launch attacks. However, due to the drawbacks of this model such as the neglecting influence from actors within a government the rational actor model cannot be the main reason for the troop surge. The bureaucratic model suggests that the decision to send 30,000 troops was due to actors within the administration of Obama with McChrystal, Mullen and Petraeus arguing for a troop surge and Biden, Ekenberry and Emanuel arguing against a troop surge. The bureaucratic interests of these people can be argued was instrumental to the decision making of Obama. However, the lack of consideration of the individual such as personality and the ignorance of external factors means the bureaucratic model is weak in explaining the troop surge. This leads to the belief set being the most significant factor due to the following. Firstly, the security of the American people is Obama's greatest responsibility. Secondly, Obama said Al Qaeda was the greatest threat to the US when he took office. Thirdly, Obama wanted to stop any terrorist organisation from attacking the US. Finally, Obama wanted to uphold American values and the rule of law. Obama's belief set accumulated in Afghanistan hence a troop surge which is why this proposal believes it is the most significant factor. The classification of most sources meant this research was based on open sources which is a limitation I acknowledge. Had classified sources become declassified then the result of my research will have been more complete. Also, there was limited literature on Obama and his belief set which meant that this research had to rely on his speeches. But, most presidents use their speech as propaganda to further their own agenda which is why it is not a great source which is another limitation.
Alden, C. & Amnon, A. (2017). Foreign policy analysis: New approaches. 2nd New York: Routledge.
ALLISON, G. (1971). Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. Glenview: Scott Foresman and Company
Art, R. (1973). Bureaucratic Politics and Foreign Policy: A Critique. Policy Sciences, 4(4), pp. 467–90.
Beauchamp, Z. (2017). 16 years after 9/11, al-Qaeda is back. Vox. Available at: https://www.vox.com/world/2017/9/11/16288824/al-qaeda-isis-911 [Accessed 11 May 2018].
Becker, G. (1976). The Economic Approach to Human Behaviour. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, pp. 3-14.
Caldwell, D. (1977) Bureaucratic Foreign Policy-Making. American Behavioural Scientist,21(1), pp. 87–110.
Clarke, M. (1989). 'The foreign policy system: framework for analysis', in Clarke, M. & White, B. Eds, Understanding Foreign Policy: The Foreign Policy Systems Approach. Aldershot: Elgar, pp.38
Dunne, T. Hadfield, A. & Smith, S. (2016). Foregin Policy. 3rd Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 131-195.
Foxley, T. (2013). Decision Making Course Paper Deciding the surge: Obama reinforces the war in Afghanistan. WordPress. Available at: https://afghanhindsight.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/deciding-the-surge-tim-foxley-jan-2013.pdf [Accessed 21st April].
Holsti, O. (1970). The "Operational Code" Approach to the Study of Political Leaders: John Foster Dulles' Philosophical and Instrumental Beliefs. Canadian Journal Of Political Science, 3(1), pp. 123-157.
Hook, S., Ray, J, and Scott, J. (2007). American Foreign Policy and Political Ambition and Us Foreign Policy Today: American Renewal?. Washington DC: CQ Press, p.26.
Kohl, W.L. (1975) The Nixon–Kissinger Foreign Policy System and US European Relations: Patterns of Policy Making. World Politics, 28(1), pp. 1–43.
Krasner, S. (1972). Are Bureaucracies Important? Or Allison Wonderland. Foreign Policy, 7(1), pp. 159–79.
Kornblut, A. Wilson, S. & Deyoung, K. (2009). Obama Pressed for Faster Surge; Afghan Review a Marathon. What was Interesting was the Metamorphosis. The Washington Post. Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wpdyn/content/article/2009/12/05/AR2009120501376.html?sid=ST2009120503262 [Accessed 4th May, 2018].
Landler, M. (2017). The Afghan War and the Evolution of Obama. Nytimescom. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/01/world/asia/obama-afghanistan-war.html [Accessed 14th April].
Lindblom, C. (1959). 'The science of muddling through', Public Administration Review, 19(2), 79-88
Mann, J. (2012). The Obamians: The Struggle Inside The White House To Redefine American Power. New York: Penguin.
Marsh, K. (2014). Obama's Surge: A Bureaucratic Politics Analysis of the Decision to Order a Troop Surge in the Afghanistan War. Foreign Policy Analysis, 10(3), pp. 265-288.
Miles, R.E. (1978). The Origin and Meaning of Miles' Law. Public Administration Review, 38(1), pp. 399–403.
Neack, L. (2003). The new foreign policy. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield.
Obama, B. (2016). Remarks by the President on the Administration's Approach to Counterterrorism. whitehouse.gov. Available at: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2016/12/06/remarks-president-administrations-approach-counterterrorism [Accessed 11 May 2018].
Ogu, M. (2013). Rational Choice Theory: Assumptions , Strenghts , and Greatest Weaknesses in Application Outside the Western Milieu Context. Nigerian Chapter Of Arabian Journal Of Business And Management Review, 1(3), pp. 90-99.
Perlmutter, A. (1974). The Presidential Political Center and Foreign Policy: A Critique of the Revisionist and Bureaucratic–Political Orientations. World Politics,27(1), pp. 87–106.
Rosati, J.A. (1981). Developing a Systematic Decision-Making Framework. World Politics,33 (1), 234–52.
Rourke, F.W. (1972). Review of Essence of Decision. Administrative Science Quarterly,17(1), pp. 431–3.
Wagner, R.H. (1974) Dissolving the State: Three Recent Perspectives on International Relations. International Organization,28 (3), 435–66.
Grade: 67 (2.1)
June 23, 2018 belief set, bureaucratic model, Critique, decision making, education, Essay, foreign policy analysis, fpa, Issues, military, Obama, Politics, rational actor model, Students, USA
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
First confirmed US case of Omicron coronavirus variant detected in California
Tonight, CNN's Anderson Cooper and Main Healthcare Correspondent Dr. Sanjay Gupta host a international city corridor on the Omicron coronavirus variant and Dr. Anthony Fauci will solution viewer queries. Observe are living at 9 p.m. ET on CNN.
In a White Household news briefing, Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the Countrywide Institute of Allergy and Infectious Health conditions, said the scenario was in an particular person who traveled from South Africa on November 22 and tested beneficial for Covid-19 on November 29.
That particular person, Fauci stated, is self-quarantining and near contacts have analyzed damaging for the coronavirus so significantly.
The individual was thoroughly vaccinated and is going through "moderate indications, which are bettering at this issue," Fauci reported.
Questioned by CNN regardless of whether that person experienced a booster shot, Fauci reported, "To my understanding, no."
The California and San Francisco Departments of Community Wellbeing and the US Facilities for Ailment Management and Prevention confirmed that the situation was brought about by the Omicron variant by means of genomic sequencing conducted at the University of California at San Francisco, and verified with the CDC, Fauci mentioned.
The Planet Overall health Organization designates Omicron a "variant of problem." In a technological temporary introduced this week, WHO mentioned that the variant poses a "pretty high" global danger. The variant was very first recognized by researchers in South Africa, and has since been detected in various nations.
Experts are performing to figure out how transmissible the variant is, how unwell it can make people and how well current vaccines function in opposition to it. Until eventually extra info is uncovered about the variant, the United States restricted journey from South Africa and seven other nations around the world.
On Monday, President Joe Biden named the variant "a bring about for worry, not a induce for stress," saying "we will have to encounter this new menace just as we deal with all those who have appear ahead of it."
Wellbeing officers are urging individuals to get vaccinated in opposition to Covid-19, or get a booster if they are eligible. Other steps these kinds of as masks, handwashing, physical distancing and ventilation will however work towards the Omicron variant.
The Delta variant of the coronavirus stays the dominant variant globally and in the United States.
Tags: California, Case, Confirmed, coronavirus, Detected, Omicron, Variant
Iowa State athletic director Jamie Pollard shares testicular cancer diagnosis in a letter to fans
Stocks and oil are whipped around by the Fed and Omicron's arrival in the U.S.


There is a minimum of 36% protein (dry matter basis) in Brothers Complete Turkey Meal & Egg Formula, and over 90% of that is animal sourced protein from Turkey Meal, and Whole Eggs.
Brothers begins with an abundance of high quality human grade proteins, to which we add Digestive Enzymes (to facilitate thorough digestion and nutrient availability while strengthening the immune system), Selective PREbiotics (that will selectively feed the beneficial gut bacteria and not the pathogenic bacteria, as the common short chain prebiotics do), and Encapsulated PRObiotics (protected by a unique coating that prevents them from activating prematurely and dying before they can be eaten, which is the fate of 99% of the Probiotics normally used on dog food).
The cassava / tapioca we use as a binder is obtained from the roots of the cassava plant (manihot esculenta) and is a natural source of low glycemic carbohydrates that is a large part of the diet of many equatorial countries. In the areas where Cassava makes up 80% of the carbohydrates in the diet, type 2 diabetes is practically nonexistant.This low glycemic starch allows Brothers to make a kibble that is closer to a wolf's ancestral diet which is based predominantly on animal fat and protein.
In the last few years, some pet food manufacturers have eliminated or restricted the use of grains but have substituted white potatoes or sweet potatoes instead. White potatoes have a higher glycemic index than white sugar (80 to 110 versus sugar at 65) which puts a strain on the adrenal and pancreatic systems because it spikes the blood sugar and produces a large insulin response every time the dog eats. The high glycemic property of white potato also feeds the Candida Albicans yeast/fungus in the colon which becomes a fungus whose rhizomes grow into the mucosal lining of the intestine causing openings between the cells that line the inside of the gut (called enterocytes), creating a condition known as "leaky gut" which allows the contents of the colon, including the Candida Albicans Fungus, to "leak" into the blood stream. Once in the blood stream Candida Albicans is fed by the high glycemic carbs in most dog foods dentified as "Systemic Candida" which leads to a host of skin problems and other allergy-related problems.
Potatoes and grains (due to improper preparation) are also a source of "Lectins" which can cause "Leaky Gut", compromise the functioning of the colon, and severly reduce the ability of the cilia (the fine hair like structures that grow on the inside walls of the intestines) to extract necessary minerals and vitamins from the food because the Lectins are glyco-proteins that gum up the cilia and cause them to mat down and stick together, thus substantially reducing the surface area available to extract nutrition.
Another possible problem when potatoes are heated to high temperatures is the production of acrylamide which is a recognized carcinogen. For these, and other reasons relating to a dogs health, all of Brothers Complete Formulas are grain, sweet potato, and white potato free.
INGREDIENTS: Turkey Meal, Whole Eggs dried, cassava / tapioca, peas, pea starch, chicken fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols), Chicken Liver dried, pumpkin, ground flaxseed, alfalfa meal, dried carrots, potassium chloride, sea salt, choline chloride, Whole Cell Algae dried (pure source of omega 3 DHA), Mixed Tocopherols (a source of Vitamin E) Rosemary extract, Green tea extract, Encapsulated Probiotics [dried enterococcus faecium fermentation product, dried lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product, dried lactobacillus casei fermentation product], Digestive Enzymes [Amylase (aspergillus oryzae), Protease (aspergillus oryzae), Cellulase (trichoderma reesei), Lactase (aspergillus oryzae), Hemicellulase (trichoderma reesei), Lipase (aspergillus oryzae), Selective Prebiotics [organic, long chain, highly branched Inulin], celery, beets, parsley, lettuce, watercress, spinach, cranberries, Lysine HCL, DL-Methionine, Lecithin, Taurine, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Vitamin A, Vitamin D3 suppliment, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, niacin, folic acid, biotin, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium pantothenate, thiamine mononitrate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, L-ascorbyl 2-polyphosphate (source of Vitamin C activity), zinc proteinate, manganese proteinate, copper proteinate, calcium iodate, sodium selenite, cobalt carbonate, Vitamin B12 supplement, L-Carnitine.
Four Hundred calories of a dog food with low amounts of protein (in the 15% to 25% range), along with high carbohydrate levels from grain, white potatoes, sweet potatoes, or other refined carbs. does not begin to compare with the superior nutrition that 400 calories of Brothers brings to your dog with 33% to 40% human grade protein, Digestive Enzymes, Selective Prebiotics, Encapsulated Probiotics, low glycemic Cassava Root as a carb binder, and the intricate balancing of nutrients to each other. Food calories are not created equal. Superior nutrition is the optimum amount of high quality calories and nutrients intricately balanced in relation to each other first, and then to the whole.
We suggest you feed the recommended amount of Brothers to begin with, regardless of how much you were feeding of the old dog food, and adjust slowly from there. Overfeeding can cause a soft stool or diarrhea and is a sign to cut back on the amount of Brothers you are feeding.
When switching to Brothers Complete we recommend mixing Brothers Complete with the old food for a few days to as much as a week. Every dog is different and tolerates change at his or her own level but usually the worst that happens if the change is too fast is a loose stool. Below are the suggested daily feeding recommendations. The amount one feeds his or her dog varies with age, activity level, and environment. So it best to monitor your dog during the first few weeks after switching to determine the ideal feeding amount.


text:
#BlogTour: Outremer by D N Carter @Authoright @gilbster1000
Outremer I
Who Controls The Past Controls The Future
An epic love story must overcome religious divide and a plot to eradicate two blood lines, as the Crusades and the search for the ancient mysteries of the Holy Grail gather momentum.
Raised by his father in La Rochelle, France, Paul Plantavalu is known for his artistic nature, inquisitive mind and Christian faith. He also has an unshakable love for his Muslim childhood friend, Alisha al Komaty. Courageous and outspoken, she returns Paul's love. But their path is paved with obstacles; religion, war, political chaos and a mysterious enemy determined to destroy their family lines.
Sometime between 1110 AD and 1120 AD in the aftermath of the first crusade, a small band of nine knights — the founding knights Templar — recover ancient precious artefacts left by a former, advanced civilisation, beneath the City of Jerusalem. Ruthlessly guarded, the secrets revealed by this discovery are highly prized by powerful and dangerous forces far and wide; the repercussions of their capture are inextricably linked to Paul and Alisha. As Paul starts to experience dark and vivid dreams and the fragile balance of peace starts to crumble, it will fall to an enigmatic man known as Kratos and his female warrior protégée Abi Shadana, to safeguard Paul and Alisha.
Paul and Alisha's love story weaves between the threads of our reality and other realms — from the Druids to the Sufi mystics, the Magi of the East, the secret political arm of the Knights Templar and the Isma'ilis, the Assassins. Knights and pilgrims alike will witness some of the darkest battles ever fought. The discovery of a unique sword's lethal power and whispered connections to King Arthur and the Holy Grail lead Paul and Alisha to question if their lives ever be the same again.
The first of a four-part series, Outremer is an historical epic, which sweeps across England, Scotland and France, to Syria, Jerusalem and Egypt. Discover the truth — and crack the ancient code — behind the great mysteries of the High Middle Ages for yourself.
Purchase from Amazon UK
Character Spotlight: Tenno.
Tenno:
A Japanese master sea farer and naval navigator. Powerfully built and 6'5 tall, he was well travelled and highly skilled in the art of war. Fierce looking, rarely seen to smile, always ever vigilant and never appearing to sleep. A very deep thinker, Tenno was a man pained and haunted by his past yet had a soft side to his nature. Despite his fighting prowess and skills, he favoured peace first always. After his own plans to return home were disrupted, he vowed to protect both Paul and Alisha, the main central characters in Outremer, for as long as he was able to and for as long as they needed him.
A no nonsense pragmatic individual who spoke little; however when he did, was clipped and at times blunt, often appearing rude even when not meaning to. Fluent in Chinese, French, English, Spanish and High Dutch, he exuded supreme confidence with an air of authority about him. Often non-intentionally humorous in his observations, he missed nothing, was highly intelligent and physically strong as well as morally courageous.
He came from the 'Ainu' people, the first inhabitants of the northernmost islands of Japan called 'Hokkaido.' But the majority in Japan nowadays came from a later group known as 'Yayoi' who were mostly farmers and after who most still look like ...small in stature and oriental looking.
Tenno had been a boat builder in the service of his countries naval forces and as a highly skilled navigator, was charged with making detailed maps and set sail for mainland China as part of a 'peace and exchange of knowledge' delegation. During a joint operation with Chinese sailors, who were some of the best boat builders and navigators there has ever been, he sailed from the far eastern fringes of mainland Asia across seas full of icebergs eventually making landfall in what is now Alaska. Whilst there, a tsunami, destroyed their vessel and killed most of their hands. With no other option left, and trusting ancient maps in his possession, he headed east on an epic journey that lasted over a year covering what is today called Canada and parts of the USA. Eventually he met Nordic seafarers on the eastern coast who in turn took him and his fellow surviving hands on to Greenland, then Iceland and down to Alba, modern day Scotland. From there he headed off alone on to France and his hopeful journey onward home and to his family. With his love of boats and maps, he had much in common with Paul and taught him much about ship designs and navigation but also about other details of his past and his people.
Details such as the ancient Yayoi warriors, weapons, armour and a code of honour that became the centrepiece for the Japanese Samurai; being the name given to a class of warrior. Tenno still had all of his weaponry and armour and his code of conduct, which he followed devoutly and totally, had developed from the Chinese concept of the virtues of warriors doing battle, to the Samurai code of chivalry known as 'Kyuba no michi', which means 'The Way of Horse and Bow' to the Bushido code, which means 'Way of the Warrior'. The philosophy of Bushido is 'freedom from fear' to transcend the fear of death giving Samurai the peace and power to serve his master faithfully and loyally and die well if necessary. 'Duty' is a primary philosophy of the Samurai and Tenno personified this to the full. Having resin out of continuous battles for land among three main clans in Japan, the Minamoto, the Fujiwara and the Taira, the Samurai eventually became a class unto themselves shortly after the 9th century, called by two names, Samurai, who were knights-retainers, and Bushi, warriors. They gave complete loyalty to their Daimyo, feudal landowners, and received land and position in return. Each Daimyo used his Samurai to protect his land and to expand his power and rights to more land. This is how Tenno ended up being sent upon his trade and discovery mission. The Samurai became expert in fighting from horseback and on the ground. They practiced armed and un-armed combat, methods Tenno would teach both Paul and Alisha for their own protection. Tenno wore two swords. One was long, the other short. The long sword 'daito' or 'katana' was more than 24 inches. The short sword, 'shoto-wakizashi' was between 12 and 20 inches. The Samurai often gave names to their swords and believed it was the 'soul' of their warriorship.
Tenno only wished to return home to his family once more ...that was all. He had come from a long line of noble warriors, his lineage coming from the legendary Jimmu Tenno himself, Japans first Emporer around 660 B.C. who had set up the ruling Yamato State. But that soon became dominated by the Soga clan. Then reforms during what was called the Taika period, then Taiho law codes established what became known as the 'Great Council of State'. That made way to the Nara rule which began with Japans first permanent Capital. But the Emperor Kammu moved the capital to Kyoto when he came to power and when the Heian period began in around 794 AD. Eventually the Fujiwara family gained control of the Imperial Court and Tenno's family tree became entwined with those of other ruling families until his great grandfather was involved with helping Taira Masakado revolt and proclaimed himself 'The New Emperor' in 935 AD. Other Samurai leaders exerted their influence across Japan and changed its history but the codes of conduct and way of the Samurai were much honoured, admired and respected. Many tales from their country have filtered down via the spice and trade routes into Arabic myth and legend and ultimately into European myths, especially the codes of conduct and chivalry and ultimately Arthurian legend.
Tenno quote: "The stronger you become, the gentler you will be!"
After strange and vivid experiences whilst living in Cyprus as a child, author D N Carter has been fascinated by the history, myths and legends of the Middle Ages and mankind's past. As he got older travels to Pyramids of Giza in Egypt, the Languedoc region of France and the deserts of Arabia fuelled his enthusiasm. While not decoding maps and mathematical codes D N Carter enjoys adventure sports from parachuting to microlight flying. Today he divides his time between East Anglia in the UK and the south of France with his family.
Etiketter: dn carter


text:
Q: End = ' ' in nested loop I just started python few days ago, and didn't really understand end =' ' in nested loop. Can anybody explain me this
count=0
for i in range(10):
    for j in range(0, i):
        print (count, end='')
    count +=1
    print()

A: '' is the "empty string" (e.g. nothing).  The "end" parameter is what gets printed after the preceding set of variables.  The default value of "end" is the newline (i.e. subsequent print statements will begin on a new line).  By specifying '', the loop above will literally print out
1
22
333
4444
55555
666666
7777777
88888888
999999999

with each inner loop result on a single line.  Without the end='' param, it would get printed out as:
1
2
2
3
3
3
...
9
9

The final print() at the end of the inner loop, just prints a new line.

A: End is print function keyword argument. The default value of end is \n meaning that after the print statement it will print a new line. If you redefine end, print will output your redefined value after using.
print("123", end="=")
#prints '123='

'' means empty string, so, you wil get output with no delimiters.

A: The default value of end is \n meaning that after the print statement it will print a new line. So simply stated end is what you want to be printed after the print statement has been executed,
prints an according Count value and stays in the same line. If you left out the end='' each time a newline would be printed

A: We learn everything by doing, So lets suppose we remove that end="" at the end of the print function. So you code will look like this
    count=0
for i in range(10):
    for j in range(0, i):
        print (count)
    count +=1
    print()

and the output will be as
1
2
2
3
3
3
...

Now this output may or may not be your desired output depending on where you want to use the code
you may be wondering why this happens when you have not specified python to add a new line, its due to the fact that print function add new line character at the end of the output by default so if you doesnot want that to happen add end="" for the output line end with a empty string or nothing. likewise use end="/t" for tab end="." to end the print statement with a period and so on.
ProTip
use
print()

when ever you want a new line in or out of a loop


text:
Q: rspec/serverspec service test always fails I believe this issue probably a duplicate of serverspec service test returns incorrect failure, but I include a bit more information of my execution environment.
I have a bunch of successful serverspec tests executing against a RHEL6 VM on AWS.
However any "service" test seems to fail with the matchers be_enabled and be_running.
I have the following in my spec_helper.rb:
set :os, :family => 'redhat', :release => '6', :arch => 'x86_64'

I tried both serverspec and rspec syntax for the tests and both fail as they run the same commands:
describe service('ntpd') do
    it { should be_enabled }
    it { should be_running }
end

it "is running ntpd" do
    expect(service("ntpd")).to be_enabled
    expect(service("ntpd")).to be_running
end

Failure/Error: it { should be_enabled }
    expected Service "ntpd" to be enabled
    sudo -p 'Password: ' /bin/sh -c chkconfig\ --list\ ntpd\ \|\ grep\ 3:on

Failure/Error: it { should be_running }
    expected Service "ntpd" to be running
    sudo -p 'Password: ' /bin/sh -c service\ ntpd\ status

However, running them locally on the server succeeds:
$ sudo -p 'Password: ' /bin/sh -c chkconfig\ --list\ ntpd\ \|\ grep\ 3:on
ntpd            0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
$ echo $?
0

$ sudo -p 'Password: ' /bin/sh -c service\ ntpd\ status
ntpd (pid  1101) is running...
$ echo $?
0

I tried looking into setting up some debugging with pry-byebug but that looks not-so-straightforward, so I kind of gave up on that for now.
I'm running ruby 2.0, serverspec 2.24, rspec 3.3
Can anyone help point me in the right direction?

A: I needed to specify the runlevel to check, and then things worked. I presume this is some backwards compatibility issue between RHEL6/7 and systemV/systemD as the documentation indicates that the tests above should work.
describe service('ntpd') do
    it { should be_enabled.with_level(2) }
    it { should be_enabled.with_level(3) }
    it { should be_enabled.with_level(4) }
    it { should be_enabled.with_level(5) }
    it { should be_running }
 end

A: if the with level solution doesn't help, I also found that you need to set the PATH variable in the spec_helper.rb file to include /sbin and /usr/sbin.  That did the trick for me personally.


Lee's General Contracting Specialists is a lower Fairfield County based general contracting (GC) and management group. We concentrate in all phases of custom renovations, kitchen and bath remodels, as well as new construction and additions. We also service high end residential work, condominium complex contracts, and commercial projects.
Our fully licensed construction company was established in 1975, and is privately owned, operated, and led by Thomas Lee, a local lifelong resident. Tom, a highly regarded and sought after GC services specialist and craftsman, is experienced and knowledgeable regarding every aspect of the construction business, possessing the highest level of skill and expertise. Through Tom's experience and innate talent, along with an eye for detail and design honed from years of custom building, every client can expect him to deliver the highest and most satisfactory results. Tom and his crew stay on a project until each client's vision is brought to life.
With their vast experience, Tom and his crew can foresee challenges and obstacles that may be encountered in a project. Skilled craftsmen are critical toward successfully completing all aspects of a construction project. Tom is on your site daily, reviewing project status, ensuring that progress conforms to the highest level of expectation. We are proud of our long running referral base that comes from satisfied, happy clients. We will deliver that same excitement and perfection in the vision that you have for your own project.


text:
Q: How to change display language on monaco editor don`t know how to change display language from javascript to such as swift(or something else)
I installed using "npm install monaco-editor" command
    <script src="node_modules/monaco-editor/min/vs/loader.js"></script>
    <script>
    var editor;
    require.config({ paths: { 'vs': 'node_modules/monaco-editor/min/vs'
    }});
    require(['vs/editor/editor.main'], function() {

        editor =
    monaco.editor.create(document.getElementById('container'), {
            value: [
                'function x() {',
                '\tconsole.log("Hello world!");',
                '}'
            ].join('\n'),
            language: 'javascript',
            theme: "vs-dark"
        });
    });

    function showMessage() {
        var text = editor.getValue();
        monaco.editor.setModelLanguage(editor.getModel(), "swift")
        editor.updateOptions({
            language: "objective-c"
        });
        alert(text);
    }
</script>

I expect the after running showMessage function, display codes changes to objective-c from javascript.
and actually error shows nothing. does anyone know how to do it ??

A: I'm not quite sure what you're trying to do, but I made this little function:
const changeLang = lang => {
    monaco.editor.setModelLanguage(editor.getModel(), lang);
    console.log(`model language was changed to ${editor.getModel().getLanguageIdentifier().language}`);
}

It changes the language and prints the new model language every time for me.
Your line editor.updateOptions({language: "objective-c"}) will not do anything. If you look at the docs, you'll see that ITextModelUpdateOptions only takes indentSize, insertSpaces, tabSize, or trimAutoWhitespace.
It looks like you might have been looking at the first couple answers of this github issue to make that line. That very first answer given is not correct.
You do text = editor.getValue() at the start of your function and alert(text) at the end, but text never changes. The model language will only affect the appearance, not the content. If you were only trying to get the static content, then the way you wrote it is fine. But if you were expecting it to change, it won't.


text:
+80 12-878-587
ringcygnusxofc@gmail.com
Inconvenient Truth
Iridium Flare
Time Chart
Ring Back
What is the Minimum Sentence for Sexual Assault in Canada?
asmdgbgdmsbrsdjahskjdhsaudhsgsdfryjfktnhlkjdgubksjhfbdkj Uncategorized
It is important to know from the very start what kind of sexual assault you are charged with. The type of sexual assault you are charged with will change the minimum possible sentence. Some crimes are considered sexual, but they are not technically sexual assault. An example of this would be invitation to sexual touching, which is where a person, for a sexual purpose, tells or asks a person younger than 16 years-old to touch someone's body. Some crimes are more serious examples of sexual assault, such as sexual assault causing bodily harm or aggravated sexual assault. The type of sexual assault this article will mainly focus on is simple sexual assault (sometimes called "sexual assault simpliciter"), and it is contrary to section 271 of the Criminal Code of Canada.
What is a Mandatory Minimum Sentence?
For some crimes, a judge might be restricted in what he sentences a person to. A mandatory minimum sentence is a sentence that the judge is not allowed to go under. For example, if a person is being sentenced for a crime that has a mandatory minimum of one year in jail, the judge would not be allowed to sentence that person to 90 days in jail. A judge can give a sentence that is higher than the mandatory minimum sentence, but not lower.
Sexual Assault with a Victim Younger than 16 Years-Old
The minimum sentence for sexual assault in Canada is different depending on the situation. First of all, there is only a mandatory minimum sentence for sexual assault if the victim was under the age of 16 years-old. If the victim was 16 years-old or older, there is no mandatory minimum sentence.
The mandatory minimum sentence also depends on how the Crown Attorney is prosecuting the case. The Crown Attorney can either proceed by indictment (used for more serious offences) or by summary conviction (used for less serious situations where a faster procedure is appropriate). If the Crown Attorney is prosecuting the case by indictment and the victim is under 16 years old, the mandatory minimum punishment is 1 year in jail. The maximum punishment in that case is 14 years in jail.
Sexual Assault with a Victim 16 Years-Old or Older
When the victim of sexual assault is 16 years of age or older, there are still maximum sentences, but there are no mandatory minimum sentences. The maximum sentence in an indictable case is 10 years. The maximum sentence in a summary case is 18 months. The judge has more options with sentences in these cases. The lowest sentence a judge can give is called a discharge.
What is a Discharge?
When a person is given a discharge, the person is found guilty of the offence but they are not convicted of the offence. Even though many people think that a person is convicted once the judge finds that person guilty, that is not true. A person who is given a discharge will not have a criminal record. That person can honestly say that they have not been convicted of the offence, even though they have been found guilty of the offence.
There are two types of discharges – absolute discharges and conditional discharges. When a person is given an absolute discharge, they are free to go. They do not have a criminal record, and any record of the discharge will be removed after one year from the day that person received the discharge.
When a person is given a conditional discharge, the judge finds that person guilty of the offence. But that person is not convicted of the offence. The difference between a conditional discharge and an absolute discharge is that a conditional discharge includes probation. Probation is a period of time when the convicted person will have to perform certain actions or make sure to not do certain things. For example, a part of a probation order may require a person to attend counselling. Or the person may have to complete a number of community service hours. Some of the probation orders are orders that a court has to make. People on probation will have to keep the peace and be of good behaviour. In a sex assault case, the judge will almost always order that the accused person not communicate with the victim. When the probation is completed, the conditional discharge becomes an absolute discharge.
Cygnusx1.ca


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text:
Eraser Strong Name compromise
Thread starter Joel
It has come to my attention that a cryptographic key used to sign the binaries which Eraser is built with (nightly builds) was leaked and stored on a publicly-available source repository for a few months prior my discovery. For the majority of users using Eraser and only using official releases, this post has no bearing on the security of your Eraser install. However, if you are using any of the Nightly installs, this post will concern you.
All of Eraser 6's binaries are signed with a cryptographic key to ensure the authenticity of the code. This prevents accidental (and deliberate) changes to the code after packaging so that the copies downloaded are safe (and verifiably so.) Two different keys are used for this purpose: a .NET Strong Name key, and an Authenticode certificate. The key which was committed to the repository was a .NET Strong Name.
.NET strong names are used to resolve conflicts between libraries (assemblies) with the same name, and the same/similar version. Eraser uses this information primarily in the plugin framework, where code from (potentially) unknown sources are loaded and run as part of Eraser's execution. Plugins are always loaded only if the strong names of the main Eraser binary match, and if the plugin is signed via Authenticode (two-factor: both requirements must be met before binaries are automatically loaded).
Due to this, it is possible for a malicious attacker to recompile a malicious plugin, signed with the Eraser code key, and released as a plugin. However, for the code to be loaded by Eraser, it has also to be signed with a valid Authenticode key that is trusted by Windows. Therefore, while malicious code can potentially be loaded into a nightly build's process space, the identity of the attacker would be identifiable, provided the same attacker's root certificates are not known to be trusted.
All nightly build users are strongly recommended to uninstall all existing nightly builds (both 6.0 and 6.2 branches, regardless of age). Nightly builds after the 10th of May will be using a new strong name key and will not be not affected.
Should that not be possible, disable all plugins that can be disabled in Eraser's settings. The Default Eraser plugin cannot be disabled, and is by design.
A new strong name key will be generated and stored on the server. Builds using the new strong name will not be affected by this.
Old builds signed with the old key will no longer be accessible.


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If you're working in a loud environment or using power tools that emit a lot of noise, ear defenders are an absolute essential part of your kit. Our selection of ear defenders will help to protect your hearing when working on home DIY projects, in construction and other loud workplaces.
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For all you Fordophiles, check this link from Model T Ford club. Very interesting.
I could almost build one of those Ford 6's out of 2 T engines... The crank and cam would be the tough part. I think a straight 8 Cylinder Model A would be easier and very cool also. Food for thought.
I wonder which timing it has, 1-5-3-6-2-4, or 1-4-2-6-3-5, like many early engines.
Thanks for sharing. :cool: Dandy Dave!
If Henry Ford built it then it could have the same firing order as his Model K ie; 1-2-3-6-5-4. One of the resons they do not run as well as they should.
That's a new one on me. Thanks for sharing. I have had some chats about the K Model's, and I was told one weak link was too small of a transmission to engine HP. There was one at the Brass Show that use to be at the Rhinebeck Fairgrounds a number of years ago. Dandy Dave!
The firing order must have made for some interesting torsional vibration !
I don't think the drive train lasted long enough for a crank to fail. The car I saw was a completely original barn find with a bad transmission according to the owners. Dandy Dave!
The only Ford "K" I have ever seen was the one at Zimmerman's "Automobile-a-rama", circa 1977. I think it was a baby-blue tourer.
Did the K use the requisite two-speed planetary transmission ?
Model K chassis shows the hand of the same designer as the Model N,R,S. Bigger yes and some obvious differences like engine cast in singles not pairs but transmission, rear end, steering column all could be mistaken in a picture where it is hard to tell size.
I believe it did use a planetary transmission that was sized for the lighter cars. Maybe Henry did that to cut costs and push it though. Dandy Dave!


text:
Arthur William Dake foi um jogador de xadrez dos Estados Unidos com participações nas Olimpíadas de xadrez de 1931, 1933 e 1935. Dake conquistou a medalha de ouro pelo quarto tabuleiro em 1935 e prata em 1933 também no quarto tabuleiro. Por equipes, conquistou três medalhas de ouro em 1931, 1933 e 1935.

Jogadores de xadrez dos Estados Unidos
Competidores das Olimpíadas de xadrez

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


WARNING: Individual component manufactured for overhead lifting quality standards - If used as part of a lifting assembly, entire assembly must be tested and tagged before use - Make sure to check local and national regulations before using any type of overhead lifting product - Never exceed rated capacity!
Never Exceed Working Load Limits!
Do Not Exceed 30° Angle of Use!
Important to Know: Capacities change with varying angle of use.


text:
Filmwissenschaft, Fernsehen, Radio
Einzelne Filmschauspieler, Filmregisseure
The Cinema of Raúl Ruiz
Impossible Cartographies
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS. ISBN 978-0-231-16731-4
Das Werk ist Teil der Reihe: Directors' Cuts
Raúl Ruiz, while considered one of the world's most significant filmmakers by several film critics, is yet to be the subject of any thorough engagement with his work in English. This volume sets out on this task by mapping, as fully as possible, Ruiz's cinematic trajectory across more than five decades of prolific work, up to his death in 2011; ranging from his earliest work in Chile to high-budget 'European' costume dramas culminating in Mysteries of Lisbon (2010). It does so by treating Ruiz's work with its surrealist, magic realist, popular cultural, and neo-Baroque sources as a type of 'impossible' cinematic cartography, mapping real, imaginary, and virtual spaces, and crossing between different cultural contexts, aesthetic strategies, and technical media. It argues that across the different phases of Ruiz's work identified, there are key continuities such as the invention of singular cinematic images and the interrogation of their possible and impossible combinations.


text:
Why are anti aromatic compounds unstable?
Just like aromatic compounds, anti aromatic compounds have several resonance structures and some of them are also conjugated ( 1,3-cyclobutene).
Why is it that just having 4n electrons makes them unstable?
organic-chemistry aromatic-compounds stability resonance
Mahathi VempatiMahathi Vempati
$\begingroup$ The intricacies of aromacity are still being researched. From what I recall, it still not clear as to what exactly aromaticity is. There are recurring features along aromatic compounds: electron delocalization, stability, and unreactivity. However, these are not completely understood. This is largely due to the fact that electron delocalization and localization is hard to measure directly (some even say that it is not measurable at all). $\endgroup$ – CoffeeIsLife Apr 6 '16 at 7:24
$\begingroup$ chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/30927/… $\endgroup$ – Mithoron Apr 10 '16 at 15:08
In conjugated-pi ring systems of N atoms, you typically have a single low energy orbital and then paired (degenerate) energy levels until you have N orbitals total. This has to do with the number of nodes in the conjugated pi system, and the number of ways you can lay them out with N atoms.
Now, when you add in electrons you add two electrons per orbital, so your 4n+2 electrons fill 2n+1 orbitals -- the single low energy orbital and then n complete sets of degenerate pairs.
If you only have 4n electrons, you can fill the single low energy orbital, then 2(n-1) complete sets of degenerate pairs ... but with two "extra" electrons which aren't paired up. This allows those two electrons to "spread" out between the pair of equal-energy orbitals. Those unfilled/partially filled orbitals mean that the anti-aromatic compound is quite reactive.
The other issue is that "stability" is not an absolute property. Stability is always in reference to some other state. The typical anti-aromatic systems you'll encounter tend to have those frontier orbitals as non-bonding or anti-bonding orbitals, meaning the electrons in the orbitals aren't really contributing to the molecular stability. Generally, if you build the energy level diagrams for alternate systems (e.g. a bent ring where you don't get localization) you'll find that - while the lowest energy orbital isn't as low energy as in the ring-conjugated system - the sum of the energies across all orbitals is indeed lower. And it's the total energy of the system which is optimized. (For example, in cyclobutadiene the ring-conjugated form would have two electrons in a low-energy bonding orbital and two in non-bonding orbitals. In contrast, linear butadiene bonding orbitals are not as low energy as for the ring-conjugated cyclo form, but there's two of them. And the sum of the energies from two linear bonding orbitals is lower than what you get from a single cyclo bonding orbital.)
(Final note: this is all high-level generalization. There's more sophisticated levels of quantum mechanical theory where things get more complex.)
R.M.R.M.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged organic-chemistry aromatic-compounds stability resonance or ask your own question.
What is the justification for Hückel's rule?
Why are antiaromatic compounds unstable?
What makes diazo compounds so unstable and explosive?
Resonance structure of cyclobutadiene?
Resonance structures of some aromatic compounds
Why are aromatic compounds so stable?
Why can't antiaromatic compounds just escape planarity and become non-aromatic to avoid destabilization?
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General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc., announced July 6 that fuselage integration of its new Certifiable Predator® B RPA system in now underway.
During fuselage integration, numerous components will be installed, including brackets and mounting hardware, electrical cables, fuel systems, oil and cooling systems, landing gear, avionics hardware and software, and a propulsion system.
The next major phase of the aircraft assembly effort consists of wings and tails integration, which is planned for summer 2016, to be followed by complete electrical factory testing.
Upon successfully completing all installations and inspections, the aircraft will undergo power checks, fuel checks, and a complete system check. Lastly, ground verification testing will be conducted prior to first flight of the CPB prototype aircraft. Flight testing is planned for late 2016.
GA-ASI is undertaking an Independent Research and Development effort to design, develop, and produce CPB, a variant of its Predator B RPA that is fully compliant with NATO's UAV SYSTEM AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS (defined in STANAG 4671).


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This article is an attempt to give a simple and short account of the Archean terranes of Minnesota, which have been comprehensively described and analyzed for several decades. The first two maps are direct renderings of digital maps from the US Geological Survey and the Minnesota Geological Survey. The elevation map (figures 1-1 and 1-2) were made with the Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data (GMTED 2010) from the USGS EROS Center. The map showing the depth to bedrock (figure 1-3) was produced with the digital data available with the Minnesota Geological Survey's Open-File Report OFR10_02 (2010). The map of the Archean terranes of Minnesota (figure 3) is an interpretation of the latest geological map of Minnesota, published in 2011 by the MGS, using the USGS shaded relief map as a base map, and showing the main geologic provinces and their major rock associations. The map colors don't necessarily follow the usual conventions of geological maps: the aim was to map the different terranes, not to draw a geological map.
Minnesota has some of the oldest rocks of North America and the world, which are the remnants of mountain ranges dating back to the Archean age (3.6 to 2.5 Ga -billion years-; the Earth is thought to be ~4.5 Ga). Only older in North America is the Acasta gneiss of the Slave province, in Northern Canada (~4Ga). These mountains have been completely eroded and Minnesota is today chiefly a flat country. Although its elevation spans from 185 meters (607 ft) on the shore of Lake Superior to 701 m (2301 ft) at Eagle Mountain (in Cook County in the northeastern most part of the state), most of its surface lies between 300 and 500 m (~1000 to ~1600 ft; figure 1-1). The highest elevations are found in regions that were reworked after the Archean, for instance in the Mid-Continent Rift region northeast of Duluth (Mesoproterozoic, ~1Ga) or in the Mesabi Iron Range where the banded iron formations are Paleoproterozoic (<2.5 Ga).
Figure 1-1. Elevation map of Minnesota.
Highest points: Eagle Mountain (Cook County) in the hills of the Duluth complex; unnamed hill in the Embarrass Mountains (EM), ~3km W of Hinsdale; unnamed hill in the Pike Mountain (PM), ~9km ENE of Virginia; unnamed hill (U) at 47° 13' 56" N, 95° 30' 7" in west-central Minnesota. The Embarrass Mountains and the Pike Mountain are parts of the Mesabi Iron Range. Also notable is the divide (D) between the Minnesota River and the Red River basins; it is situated on the Laurentian Divide which separates the areas where surface water goes to the south (Gulf of Mexico) and where it goes to the north (Hudson Bay). Lowest points: shore of Lake Superior (ME-mean elevation); Red River of the North at the Canadian border; Missississippi River at the Iowa border. Cities: D-Duluth; F-Fargo, N.D.; GF-Grand Forks, N.D.; GR-Grand Rapids; IF-International Falls; M-Minneapolis; MV-Montevideo. Data from the USGS (GMTED, US topographic map).
1 ft = 0.3048 m. 1 m = 3.281 ft.
Figure 1-2. 3-D Elevation map of Minnesota.
See locations on map above. Heights exaggerated 25 times.
In the Quaternary, during the glacial ages, the state was overlain with glacial deposits that largely remain in place today. So the bedrock (as opposed to the surficial deposits, of fluvial or glacial origin) is rarely visible at the surface, buried at a depth which can go beyond 1,000 feet (~300 meters) as shown on figure 1-3. Most outcrops, as the map shows, occur in the northeastern part of the state, where the glacial cover is thinner. The other major location of outcrops of Archean rocks is the Minnesota River Valley, between Montevideo and New Ulm, thanks to the river that cuts through the surficial deposits. Since these outcrops are scarce, much of the knowledge of the bedrocks comes from aeromagnetic and gravity anomaly studies which show how far westward these provinces extend. For example, on earlier maps, the Quetico subprovince was thought to end at the Vermilion Fault (or its prolongation). Now it is assumed it stretches westward to the North Dakota-Minnesota border.
The Archean rocks outcrops are in the northeast (Wawa and Quetico subprovinces in the Lake Vermilion region and in the Minnesota River Valley, which explains why most geological studies have been conducted in these areas). Projection is different from figure 1.


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Home | Sally Kelly
Sally Kelly
Vice President of Regional Membership Groups
CCA Global Partners
Sally Kelly is an industry mogul in member engagement whose work has been a huge contributor to the success of one of world's largest purchasing cooperatives, CCA Global Partners, an $11 billion co-op supporting members in a variety of industries such as flooring, lighting and biking retail to name a few. Though CCA Global Partners wasn't founded until 1985, Kelly began working for its co-founder Howard Brodsky in 1976 as a sales person in the retail flooring store he ran. What started as a sales position turned quickly into a marketing and merchandising manager job. To date, Kelly has worked for CCA Global in a wide variety of roles at a variety of their divisions over the last 20+ years.
She has trained, facilitated, marketed and merchandised for CCA's independent retailers/members. She is now the Vice President of Regional Membership Groups, where for the past 14 years she has worked for the Carpet One Floor & Home division developing 41 Regional Network Groups throughout the U.S. and Canada to provide a platform for members to share ideas, training, purchasing and business strategies on a regular basis via phone, webinar and in-person meetings. Outside of work, Kelly's passions include reading, theatre and politics. She currently serves as a board member of her Community Theatre and formerly served as a Legislator in the New Hampshire House of Representatives. She is also a board member for Pine Haven Boys' Center and is a regular volunteer at her local food pantry.


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Q: How to get sum of values every 8 days by date in data frame in R I don't often have to work with dates in R, but I imagine this is fairly easy. I have daily data as below for several years with some values and I want to get for each 8 days period the sum of related values.What is the best approach?
Any help you can provide will be greatly appreciated!
 str(temp)
'data.frame':648 obs. of  2 variables:
 $ Date : Factor w/ 648 levels "2001-03-24","2001-03-25",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
 $ conv2: num  -3.93 -6.44 -5.48 -6.09 -7.46 ...

head(temp)
Date              amount
24/03/2001  -3.927020472
25/03/2001  -6.4427004
26/03/2001  -5.477592528
27/03/2001  -6.09462162
28/03/2001  -7.45666902
29/03/2001  -6.731540928
30/03/2001  -6.855206184
31/03/2001  -6.807210228
1/04/2001   -5.40278802

I tried to use aggregate function but for some reasons it doesn't work and it aggregates in wrong way:
z <- aggregate(amount ~ Date, timeSequence(from =as.Date("2001-03-24"),to =as.Date("2001-03-29"), by="day"),data=temp,FUN=sum)

A: I prefer the package xts for such manipulations.

*

*I read your data, as zoo objects. see the flexibility of format option.
library(xts)
ts.dat <- read.zoo(text ='Date              amount
24/03/2001  -3.927020472
25/03/2001  -6.4427004
26/03/2001  -5.477592528
27/03/2001  -6.09462162
28/03/2001  -7.45666902
29/03/2001  -6.731540928
30/03/2001  -6.855206184
31/03/2001  -6.807210228
1/04/2001   -5.40278802',header=TRUE,format = '%d/%m/%Y')

*Then I extract the index of given period
ep <- endpoints(ts.dat,'days',k=8)

*finally I apply my function to the time series at each index.
period.apply(x=ts.dat,ep,FUN=sum )
2001-03-29 2001-04-01
-36.13014  -19.06520

A: Use cut() in your aggregate() command.
Some sample data:
set.seed(1)
mydf <- data.frame(
    DATE = seq(as.Date("2000/1/1"), by="day", length.out = 365),
    VALS = runif(365, -5, 5))

Now, the aggregation. See ?cut.Date for details. You can specify the number of days you want in each group using cut:
output <- aggregate(VALS ~ cut(DATE, "8 days"), mydf, sum)
list(head(output), tail(output))
# [[1]]
#   cut(DATE, "8 days")      VALS
# 1          2000-01-01  8.242384
# 2          2000-01-09 -5.879011
# 3          2000-01-17  7.910816
# 4          2000-01-25 -6.592012
# 5          2000-02-02  2.127678
# 6          2000-02-10  6.236126
#
# [[2]]
#    cut(DATE, "8 days")       VALS
# 41          2000-11-16 17.8199285
# 42          2000-11-24 -0.3772209
# 43          2000-12-02  2.4406024
# 44          2000-12-10 -7.6894484
# 45          2000-12-18  7.5528077
# 46          2000-12-26 -3.5631950

A: rollapply. The zoo package has a rolling apply function which can also do non-rolling aggregations.  First convert the temp data frame into zoo using read.zoo like this:
library(zoo)
zz <- read.zoo(temp)

and then its just:
rollapply(zz, 8, sum, by = 8)

Drop the by = 8 if you want a rolling total instead.
(Note that the two versions of temp in your question are not the same.  They have different column headings and the Date columns are in different formats. I have assumed the str(temp) output version here.  For the head(temp) version one would have to add a format = "%d/%m/%Y" argument to read.zoo.)
aggregate.  Here is a solution that does not use any external packages.  It uses aggregate based on the original data frame.
ix <- 8 * ((1:nrow(temp) - 1) %/% 8 + 1)
aggregate(temp[2], list(period = temp[ix, 1]), sum)

Note that ix looks like this:
> ix
[1]  8  8  8  8  8  8  8  8 16

so it groups the indices of the first 8 rows, the second 8 and so on.

A: Those are NOT Date classed variables. (No self-respecting program would display a date like that, not to mention the fact that these are labeled as factors.) [I later noticed these were not the same objects.]  Furthermore, the timeSequence function (at least the one in the timeDate package) does not return a Date class vector either. So your expectation that there would be a "right way" for two disparate non-Date objects to be aligned in a sensible manner is ill-conceived. The irony is that just using the temp$Date column would have worked since :
> z <- aggregate(amount ~ Date, data=temp , FUN=sum)
> z
        Date    amount
1  1/04/2001 -5.402788
2 24/03/2001 -3.927020
3 25/03/2001 -6.442700
4 26/03/2001 -5.477593
5 27/03/2001 -6.094622
6 28/03/2001 -7.456669
7 29/03/2001 -6.731541
8 30/03/2001 -6.855206
9 31/03/2001 -6.807210

But to get it in 8 day intervals use cut.Date:
> z <- aggregate(temp$amount ,
                 list(Dts = cut(as.Date(temp$Date, format="%d/%m/%Y"),
                 breaks="8 day")), FUN=sum)
> z
         Dts          x
1 2001-03-24 -49.792561
2 2001-04-01  -5.402788

A: A more cleaner approach extended to @G. Grothendieck appraoch. Note: It does not take into account if the dates are continuous or discontinuous, sum is calculated based on the fixed width.

code
  interval = 8 # your desired date interval. 2 days, 3 days or whatevea
  enddate = interval-1 # this sets the enddate
  nrows = nrow(z)
  z <- aggregate(.~V1,data = df,sum) # aggregate sum of all duplicate dates
  z$V1 <- as.Date(z$V1)
  data.frame ( Start.date = (z[seq(1, nrows, interval),1]),
               End.date =  z[seq(1, nrows, interval)+enddate,1],
               Total.sum = rollapply(z$V2, interval, sum, by = interval, partial = TRUE))

output
   Start.date   End.date   Total.sum
1  2000-01-01 2000-01-08   9.1395926
2  2000-01-09 2000-01-16  15.0343960
3  2000-01-17 2000-01-24   4.0974712
4  2000-01-25 2000-02-01   4.1102645
5  2000-02-02 2000-02-09 -11.5816277

data
  df <- data.frame(
  V1 = seq(as.Date("2000/1/1"), by="day", length.out = 365),
  V2 = runif(365, -5, 5))


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Theodoor van Loon (ca.1581-1667), The Assumption of the Virgin Mary
Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium in Brussels
CODART VIJFTIEN
CODART VIJFTIEN: Market of ideas
The catalogue raisonné as Wiki
Elizabeth Honig and Louisa Wood Ruby
Researchers increasingly expect to find information online, and the publication of scholarly books is expensive. What is the future of the catalogue raisonné, a form of publication always destined to be superceded by the next catalogue? We suggest a new online model for this type of information. A monographic Wikipedia with a page for each object attributed to its subject will allow for constant updating as knowledge about the artist changes. It will be multiply authored: anybody who knows about a work by the artist can contribute and add information. Researchers can search data, but also resize and overlay images to investigate attribution and studio processes. Curators can play a major role in developing knowledge about artists represented in their collections by contributing to such a project. Instead of sharing collection materials with scholars preparing a catalogue, each curator can have a voice in the Wiki.
At our market table we will present "janbrueghel.org." We will show how each image-page is constructed, where "discussions" take place, and how indexing works. We will also demonstrate the image-manipulation capabilities our programmer is developing for the Wiki.
Issues to be discussed are:
– What would make the Wiki more useful and interesting to curators?
– What will be the copyright issues on images used in a nonprofit online research site?
– If you have paintings by Jan Brueghel (or his studio/circle) in your collection, will you become a contributor to our site? How can we make that easier for you?
Jan Brueghel (1568-1625), Christ in Limbo, ca. 1595, Galleria Colonna, Rome
About Elizabeth Honig and Louisa Wood Ruby
Elizabeth Honig (Ph.D. Yale 1992) is Associate Professor of Art History at the University of California, Berkeley. She has previously taught at Tufts, Radcliffe, and Leiden, and was guest curator at the Amsterdam Museum. She is the author of Painting and the market in early modern Antwerp and of articles on Dutch, Flemish, British and Italian art. In the course of researching her forthcoming book Jan Brueghel and the scale of ambition, she compiled a 550-item database of the artist's paintings that serves as the starting-point for janbrueghel.org. She has received grants from the Townsend Center at Berkeley, and from CITRIS (Center for Information Technology), for the creation of this Wiki.
Louisa Wood Ruby (Ph.D. Institute of Fine Arts 1997) has been Head of Photoarchive Research at The Frick Collection and Art Reference Library in New York since 2006, directing research on works represented by the photoarchive's 1.1 million images. She has lectured and published frequently on Dutch and Flemish art, including a 1999 monograph and catalogue raisonné of the drawings of Paul Bril. Currently she is working on the drawings of Jan Brueghel, writing a traditional catalogue raisonné in conjunction with Terez Gerszi of the Szépművészeti Múzeum (Museum of Fine Arts), Budapest, and serving as drawings consultant for the Jan Brueghel Wiki.
Louisa Wood Ruby has been a member of CODART since 2001
Market of ideas
The Centre for the Study of the Flemish Primitives and its Corpus series. A call for new partnerships
Loans, collection-mobility and (non)insurance
A museum: more than the keeper of its own collection?
Defining priorities: cooperation between curator and conservator in the process of research and conservation of works on paper
Rare constructions of painting panels
The history of painting conservation in the Netherlands
Reviewing pictures from the past
A mixed or a national school presentation in the permanent galleries? The Warsaw example
High life and low pastures: framing an exhibition
Revisiting attributions: research on Dutch and Flemish paintings in the Gösta Serlachius Fine Art Foundation in Mänttä, Finland
Research and presentation of Mimara Museum's Dutch painting collection: seeking collaboration
Towards a new kind of art collection website: joining forces in a thematic approach
Designing 17th-century Flemish tapestries
New analysis of paintings by Rembrandt in the Gemäldegalerie Berlin
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