text:
Is Obama Aware of the History of Failure that Marks Our Drug War in Latin America?
by Jeremy Kuzmarov
Jeremy Kuzmarov is Assistant Professor of History, University of Tulsa.
Besides reneging on a campaign promise to reform the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), in a meeting with Mexican President Felipe Calderon this past week, Barack Obama shored up his support for Plan Merida, a $1.4 billion anti-drug package designed to assist the Mexican government in its ongoing battle with violent drug trafficking organizations. As journalist Charles Bowden documents in the current issue of Mother Jones, the Merida initiative has done nothing but sow violence and terror in Mexico by providing high tech weaponry and resources to the Mexican armed forces, which are notoriously corrupt and have an abhorrent human rights record. Since December of 2006, 12,000 Mexicans have been slaughtered, but only seventy-two soldiers have died. Mexican journalist Emilio Gutiérrez Soto is currently seeking political asylum in the United States, because the Mexican army is trying to kill him for exposing its corrupt practices. Rather than serving to confront the drug problem, the army is in fact fighting a war for control of the drug proceeds as the Mexican economy nears collapse.
The Merida Initiative in Mexico is eerily similar to Plan Colombia, a $1.3 billion dollar military assistance program inaugurated by the Clinton administration in the late 1990s authorizing the destruction of over 100,000 acres of drug crops and giving a boost to counter-insurgency efforts against the left-wing guerrilla group, Fuerzas Armada Revolucionario de Colombia (FARC). Human Rights groups have rightly criticized Plan Colombia for contributing to the poisoning of farmers through the spraying of chemical defoliants on their land and for empowering the Colombian military, which has been implicated in the wide-scale extrajudicial assassination of labor and human rights activists and peasant leaders. CIA intelligence reports acknowledged that U.S. subsidized security forces in Colombia employed "death squad tactics" and had a "history of assassinating left-wing civilians in guerrilla areas, cooperating with narcotics related paramilitary groups in attacks against suspected guerrilla sympathizers and killing captured combatants." Ironically, one of the effects of Plan Colombia was to drive many traffickers into Mexico, which became even more of a transshipment center than before. Egil Krogh, a Nixon aide, once told reporters that enforcement efforts were "like squeezing a balloon. You squeeze it in one place and it will bulge out in another" – a comment which seems especially relevant in this latter context.
The moral and political failure of U.S. drug policy in Latin America fits a long-standing historical precedent. At the turn of the 20th century, the U.S. mobilized police constabulary units to regulate opium in its colony in the Philippines. While seizing large amounts of contraband in raids, as late as 1930, American investigators found that opium was easily obtainable and that corruption was prevalent in the U.S. subsidized force. Flash forward forty years, and the Nixon administration initiated a major escalation of the international war on drugs, in part in response to the drug crisis among U.S. soldiers serving in Vietnam and as a product of the conservative backlash against the1960s counterculture. Mexico was a major focal point because it was found to be the source of 80 percent of imported heroin and marijuana. In September 1969, Nixon launched a sting at the Mexican border called Operation Intercept, which was later aborted because it caused long customs delays. Nixon subsequently launched "Operation Cooperation," in which the U.S. helped to train over 500 Mexican police in narcotics enforcement and supplied special military helicopters and aerial surveillance equipment to aid in the detection of poppy fields. Between October, 1969 and 1974, American assistance was crucial in the destruction of over 20,000 opium cultivation sites, as well as 18,000 marijuana fields largely through the spraying of herbicidal defoliants.
An internal State Department study later determined that nearly 60,000 hectares of non-target vegetation was also affected by these operations causing pronounced health and environmental damages, including skin corrosions, the contamination of grazing cattle and natural drinking water, and a devastation of the natural habitat of various endangered animal and fish species. The Catholic Church charged that chemical defoliants destroyed the food crops of impoverished Indian farmers, who represented the "weakest and most socially fragile link of the drug chain," according to sociologist Ricardo Vargas, and were "driven as a result to hunger."
For all the devastation caused, governmental and police corruption -- extending to the highest reaches of power -- proved to be a major barrier to effective interdiction. In December 1972, a top Army General, Humberto Marillen, was arrested in a swank Paris apartment with 132 kilograms of heroin. John Ingersoll, head of the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD - precursor to the DEA), noted that he had frequently smuggled drugs through Mexico City where he "had no fear of customs due to his high-rank." A congressional staff report later revealed that in spite of the provision of millions of dollars of technical aid, including military aircraft equipped with sophisticated radar systems and remote night-sensing vision, the drug war in Mexico did not yield the arrest of a "single major drug trafficker" and was plagued by a "massive misappropriation" of governmental funds and phony police statistics. DEA personnel themselves referred to the aerial eradication program as a "fraud" targeting "poor dirt farmers" instead of major trafficking syndicates, with most U.S. helicopters aiding President Luis Echeverria (1970-1976) and the ruling Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) in waging a "dirty war" against student protestors in Mexico City, as well as peasant activists in the Guerrero province, who were subject to napalm attacks. After initiating a special eradication campaign in the Sinaola, Durango and Chihuaha regions, DEA-trained forces were later accused by 567 prisoner witnesses of extorting millions of pesos and torturing illegally detained peasants and youth, sometimes to the point of amputation and death. DEA chief Peter Bensinger later conceded to a San Diego Union reporter that, "our agents are instructed to leave the room when the torture begins."
These remarks exemplified the tendency of high-level American officials to try to wash their hands clean of human rights violations through a reliance on proxy forces. They also convey the willingness of the United States to endorse repressive behavior so long as it was perceived to benefit American security interests. The continuities with the present are stark in this latter respect, though the degree of violence is far worse today.
The Obama administration should be made aware of the past failure of American drug control initiatives and should work to develop alternative solutions. If legalization is not on the table, then Obama should at least focus on promoting harm-reduction policies and education to reduce demand in the United States while at the same time cutting aid to the Mexican military and other repressive forces in Latin America promoting the growth of the drug trade. Obama should also rethink his position on NAFTA, which has helped to undermine local agricultural production and industry and fomented social inequalities lying at the root of the growth of the cartels, and should provide genuine development aid to help bring hope for the future to Mexico's marginalized youths who make easy recruits for criminal gangs. There are no magic solutions, but the current U.S. approach is clearly a failed one.
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Jeremy A. Kuzmarov - 8/17/2009
Mr. McWilliams, you make a very good point.
Jeremy Kuzmarov
William McWilliams - 8/17/2009
There is no such thing as a "war on
drugs". Truth is, it's a war on drug
The $1.4 billion pledged for the Merida plan is corporate welfare/war profiteering.
Contrary to the contention of the author of the HNN article, U.S. drug policy (here and abroad) has been a
phenomenal success...for a large and
growing number of special interests
which range from the military, intelligence services, law enforcement, legal profession, security industry, and most of all,
for drug cartels and local dealers.
David A. Gerber - 8/17/2009
Failure not only marks the extension of the drug war outside the USA. It is the history of the drug war within the USA as well. This is another adventure in the catastrophic moralization of the policy and law that seems to characterize one of the primary sources of failure of American civilization. Clearly this is an idea that desperately needs rethinking. From every point of view the drug war is a failure, and it represents the impoverishment of American thought and will when confronted with a problem that requires realism and sensitivity.
Colleen McCool - 8/16/2009
Weed out morally bankrupt servants of tyranny, gun control fanatics and racists by taking away the main tool they use these days to extend their agenda, the new prohibition.
Some of our leaders live in a state of denial, blithely ignorant of the nightmares their policies create. Others are like bad horseman; too concerned about staying in the saddle to worry about where they are headed. Many are outright servants of tyranny; good at ignoring the rule of law, history and science while catering to the needs of special interests but very bad at determining what is best or safer for the individual or society.
Unless the medication is approved by a physician within federal guidelines, drug warriors are against anyone feeling good, being at ease, being pain free. The people believe in self-government and self-medication. Warriors can get their adrenaline rush making us all safer, catching violent predators! Harassing the sick and dying is an un-American activity.
The fear propaganda and outright lies that extend the drug war, the Iraq war and all policies of aggression are distracting diversions to take our minds off these morally bankrupt, servants of tyranny's waste of our precious lives and resources. True patriots, warriors for good over evil, help save the American dream of self-government; free of big government tyranny and oppression.


English translation services personalize your corporate communications to help your business permeate foreign markets. To begin with, English has branched off into various dialects prevalent in England, Wales, Scotland, North America, Australia, New Zealand, and other pockets where it's the official language such as former British colonies and Commonwealth countries.
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Thrashing Nigeria in a 4-0 match, Morocco have won 2018 African Nations Championship (CHAN).
The hosts thrashed Nigeria 4-0 in the final played on Sunday in Casabalanca, to win the competition for the first time.
Walid El Karti ensured the Nigerians had a mountain to climb with the second goal in the 61st minute.
Two minutes later, Hadraf grabbed his second of the night.
Ayoub Kaabi added the fourth.
The Eagles best finish in the competition before this year, is finishing third under Stephen Keshi in 2014.


text:
contact@biography.name
INDEX SITE
ROMANIAN SECTION
SPANISH SECTION
1964 On the 7th of April Russell Ira Crowe is born in Wellington, New Zealand. Russel Crowe is a very appreciated actor of the last decades.
1968 The Crowe family moves to Australia, where they work in catering. The parents manage to get roles for little Russel in different tv shows they deliver food to on set.
1978 Russel goes back to New Zealand and starts playing in a rock band.
1983 Young Crowe starts his acting career with a role in an adaptation on the Grease musical.
1986 Crowe gets a role in The Rocky Horror Picture Show, a theater show with which he goes touring.
1990 The actor makes his big screen start with the movie Blood Oath. The same year he also gets his first main role, in the movie The Crossing.
1991 Crowe plays among Anthony Hopkins in The Efficiency Expert.
1992 The role in the movie Proof gets him a first AFI (Australian Film Institute Award) for beste supporting actor.
1993 Crowe receives his second AFI, this time for best actor in a leading role, for the movie Romper Stomper.
1995 The movie The Quick and the Dead is launched, a western in which Crowe plays among Sharon Stone and Leonardo DiCaprio.
1997 Russel becomes truly famous in the USA for his role in L.A. Confidential.
1999 The movie The Insider is launched, in which Russel plays among Al Pacino. The role brings him an Academy Award nomination.
Mel Gibson (1956)
1956 On the 3rd of January Mel Colm-Cille Gerard Gibson is born in New York, USA. Later known as Mel Gibson, he is one of the most famous action movies actor.
1968 Gibson's father decides to move the family to Sydney, Australia, in order to prevent his sons getting into the army for the war in Vietnam. The family had 11 children. Young Mel graduates high school and decides to apply to the Australian National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney. The audition is a success, so Mel starts his acting career.
1977 After graduating from college and starring in different plays, Gibson gets his first movie role in the low-budget production Summer City. At the same time, Gibson continues to play in the australian tv show The Sullivans, which he started in 1976.
1979 Gibson gets a role in the successful movie Mad Max, role that will become a trademark for him. At the time Mad Max was the best selling australian movie. The same year Gibson plays a mentally slow child in the movie Tim. The role gets him the first Australian Film Institute Award (AFI).
1980 The actor marries actress Robyn Moore, with whom he will have seven children.
1981 He receives his second AFI, for the role in Gallipoli, which shows the drama of some australian soldiers during World War I. The same year the Mad Max sequel is launched.
1982 Mel stars in his first romantic drama in The Year of Living Dangerously.
1984 Mel stars in his first american production, starring in The River. The movie is a real success, getting many Oscar nominations.
Leonardo DiCaprio (1974)
Jim Carrey (1962)
Denzel Washington (1954)
Barack Obama (1961)
Will Smith (1968)
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According to a recent Consumer Technology Association, the US Virtual Reality headset sales are set to reach 2.5 million units in 2017, 79% up from 2016. According to CTA's latest 'US Consumer Technology Sales and Forecasts' report, virtual and augmented reality are growing at an exponential rate year on year and VR headset sales are set to touch US $660 million revenues, up 43%.
The report also found out 4K ultra TVs to be industry's fastest growing segment. Cumulative sales of 4K UHD displays are forecasted to hit 18.6 million units, while sales of HDTVs reached 4.2 million units in their first three years in the market.


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This Meme sounds really weird to me - plus it could end up with quite a few people hating me, but what the hell, i'm seriously bored and thought it might cheer me up.
1. Reply to this post if you'd like me to tell you how cool I think you are!
2. Watch my journal over the next few days for a post just about you and why I think you rule the school.
3. Post these instructions in your journal and pass it on.
Go on then. And be nice!


Artist: Tony Smith. Title: Kent Landscape.
Medium: Watercolour. Size: 560 x 790. Date: 1982. Ref: CF154.
Description: Broadly painted watercolour washes of open landscape, with overcast Gey-Blue sky and 3 trees.
Data: Born in Birmingham 1953. Painter & Printmaker. Studied at Loughborough College of Art and Newcastle University. Gained a prize at Northern Arts Exhibition in 1978 and at Tyne Tees Northern Open in 1983. Lives in Newcastle Upon Tyne.


SCHAUMBURG -- Penalty kick sessions can often produce unexpected heroines.
Lake Park took that fact to new levels Saturday at Olympic Park in its PepsiCo Showdown match against St. Laurence.
Elevated to varsity Friday night due to an injury to Lancers starting goalkeeper Sarah Yochem, junior Lilija Briedis was thrust into the ultimate keeper spotlight when the 0-0 tie through regulation sent the match to penalty kicks.
After each team traded conversions through three kickers, Briedis made consecutive saves towards the left post to stop St. Laurence (6-3-3).
Those stops combined with fourth Lancer shooter Cyndi Martinez's conversion to give Lake Park (2-9-1) a dramatic 4-3 win over the Vikings in the PK session.
"I'm so proud of Lilija," Lake Park midfielder Ann Marie Ahrens said. "I love that girl so much.
Lake Park shooters Emma Thorne, Sophie Giron, Ahrens and Martinez all converted on their PKs, then watched as Chicagoland Soccer MVP of the Match Briedis sealed the win.
"Lilija was huge for us," Thorne said. "She did such an amazing job -- to save two out of five PKs, that's amazing.
After Yochem was injured in the last 10 minutes of the Lancers' loss to Dundee-Crown on Friday, Briedis' initial feelings hardly made her likely to be Saturday's star.
"I found out last night (I'd be starting), and I was really nervous," Briedis said. "I felt like I was sick.
After her save on the fifth shooter, that support turned to absolute bedlam and a team celebration in front of the net.
"We came off a rough game yesterday," Ahrens said. "We didn't play as good as we should have, but overall this one today -- as you could see from that mosh pit over there (rushing out to mob Briedis and celebrate the win) -- hugs, everyone just felt so great.
Lake Park coach Sean Crosby sounded like a Hollywood scriptwriter in reviewing Briedis' Saturday morning.
"Think about it, it's your first varsity match and you're asked to step up and defend five penalty kicks," Crosby said. "And to get two saves out of it -- we couldn't be happier with the result, and I feel so great for her.
"She was definitely nervous at the start, but I'm sure she's all smiles now. She deserves it.
"It was fantastic," Crosby added. "It's great to have Lilija with us. Unfortunately our starting keeper Yochem goes down last night, and it's a pretty serious injury so it might be three weeks or more.
The Lancers also had a strong leadup to the PK drama, producing waves of scoring chances in the second half.
In the first 18 minutes of the half, St. Laurence goalkeeper Nina Zheng had saves on Ahrens' high 35-yard free kick, a Martinez right side shot off a Lily Giron pass, then an Ahrens low 18-yard drive off a deflected cross.
In the 20th minute of the half, Lake Park's defense stepped up. Heidi Chacon's shot was blocked by Olivia Wroblewski and cleared by Sarah Novak.
Even with a newcomer in the nets, Crosby made few if any defensive adjustments.
"We stuck to our game plan," he said. "I feel defense is a strength of ours. The results we have aren't the way we want them. We're not huge in the win column, but it's very hard to score on us. We play top teams in the state, and they're getting one, two goals on us.
Instead of shifting to defender, Thorne moved up from midfielder to attacker during the second half.
Late in the second half, a breakthrough seemed imminent. In a two-minute span beginning with 12 minutes to go, a Martinez low 18-yard shot and a Lilli Giron 22-yard free kick both went wide right.
Sophie Giron followed with her own high-powered chance with seven minutes left, a 28-yard one-timer that Zhang caught high at the left post.
A Sophie Giron and Thorne rush was then denied, followed by Ahrens plays as a passer (setting up Martinez's 18-yard chip just over the crossbar) and shooter (Ahrens' right side run and shot off the side of the net).
Finally with three minutes left, Sophie Giron won a loose ball 25 yards out and lined a 20-yard shot that was deflected over the net.
"We pushed Sophie (Giron) into the midfield (from defender) late in the game to try to get a goal," Crosby said, "and she really opened things up for us and stepped up big time. And Ann Marie is always a solid player for us in the middle.
"And Emma really stepped up. We moved her around everywhere. We put her up front for a little bit at the end, and she had a lot of chances to make life difficult for their backs.
Then came the PK session, and the Lancers' happiness turned to celebration.
"It always feels good to win," Thorne said. "Getting a victory like that even in PKs is definitely a team win. Everybody worked hard for a full 80 minutes, no matter what role they were playing.
Said Ahrens: "We definitely fought hard. We wanted to win, and although it went to PKs you could tell throughout the PKs that we were all supportive of each other.
After a perfect 4-of-4 by Lake Park strikers and Briedis' clinching saves, the Lancers had a happy bounce back from a painful Friday loss.
And with games to come Monday and Tuesday to cap a grueling four-game, five-day stretch, the PK win was a huge emotional lift.
In a spring that has included very competitive 2-0 losses to strong opponents like Batavia and St. Charles North, the Lancers had a well-earned reward Saturday against yet another foe with an above-.500 record.
"This season's been very rough in the sense of us having great games and the results not coming out like we wanted," Ahrens said.
Said Crosby: "Win lose or draw for us, it's always tight to the end.


On Monday, December 11th, the Alyssa Alvin Foundation for Hope (AAFH) sponsored a Music Night at the Ronald McDonald House in Winfield near Central DuPage Hospital.
Huntar Jones, coordinated the Madrigals Performance for the third year in a row! We are very grateful to Huntar for dedicating time to AAFH and gathering 24 musicians from Yorkville High School. The residents staying at RMH in Winfield enjoyed the Christmas music especially a 2-year-old boy, Isaac and his mom, Debbie. They are from Janesville, WI and come to Central DuPage Hospital where Isaac is being treated. Isaac was very happy to receive one of the color-me lunch bags with crayons.
Thank you to the following: Jake G., Olivia N., Piper S., Caitlyn R., Maisie E., Regan B., Zeke A., Carter S., Austin Z., John H., Bryanna C., Kyle P., Ben S., David S., Nick C., Corey M., Julia A., Brie T., Nick F., Paris R., Savannah J., Hattie W., Jake G. and Michal T.


text:
class FreeCamera : public BaseCamera {
public:
    explicit FreeCamera() = default;
    FreeCamera(const std::shared_ptr<GLFWwindow> &window, glm::vec3 initialPosition);
    void ComputeMatricesFromInputs(float deltaTime);
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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With the Christmas season in full swing, BYUtv is celebrating the season by presenting two hour long holiday music specials: In Performance: Christmas Under the Stars and AUDIO-FILES: 12 Bands of Christmas, airing on Sunday, December 6 at 5pm MT/7pm ET and Wednesday, December 9 at 6pm MT/8pm ET, respectively.
Filmed on location at an old Jerusalem replica set, the one-hour special, In Performance: Christmas Under the Stars, features Gentri -the Gentleman's Trio- and 13-year old Lexi Mae Walker for a celebration of Christmas music and the true meaning of Christmas. Viewers should prepare to tune in, this Sunday at 5pm MT, prior to the broadcast of the 2015 First Presidency's Christmas Devotional of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. This show also features The Snow College Chamber Orchestra, The Snow College Cadence Chamber Choir, The American Heritage Youth Chorus, and other musical guests.
Gentri, featuring Brad Robins, Casey Elliott and Bradley Quinn Lever, perform with a fusion of lush, epic orchestrations coupled with rich, dynamic three-part harmonies. They released their debut album this past March and recently dropped their Christmas EP "Merry Christmas" featuring the #1 Billboard chart-topping single "What Child Is This/I Wonder As I Wander." 13-year old vocal sensation Lexi Mae Walker who captivates audiences with her powerful voice, is well known for her compellingly mature performance as Elsa in the Alex Boye/One Voice Children's Choir video cover of "Let it Go", which has more than 73 million YouTube views. Her Christmas album, "Merry Christmas", was just released through Sony Music Entertainment.
Airing on Wednesday, December 9 at 6pm MT, AUDIO-FILES: 12 Bands of Christmas is a one hour special that highlights Utah's acclaimed music scene and features 12 local bands who bring their musical creativity to the screen and help spread holiday cheer with their renditions of Christmas classics. From acoustic ballads to indie rock carols to soulful songs, viewers will be treated to performances from Fictionist, Elaine Bradley from Neon Trees, The Moth & the Flame, Joshua James, Ryan Innes, The Blue Aces, Book on Tape Worm, The Brocks, Mindy Gledhill, The National Parks, Quiet House and The Strike.


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text:
Video: Tempers flare after Emelin's dangerous cross check on van Riemsdyk
By Cam TuckerNov 19, 2016, 11:19 PM EST
Emotions boiled over between the Toronto Maple Leafs and Montreal Canadiens at the end of Saturday's game.
The Habs held on for a 2-1 win over their long-time rivals, but a large scrum developed at the buzzer after Montreal defenseman Alexei Emelin hit Maple Leafs forward James van Riemsdyk dangerously from behind into the boards.
Emelin was given a major penalty for cross checking, but it remains to be seen if the incident will warrant further discipline from the league.
This was a physical game at times, and the Emelin cross check wasn't the only dangerous hit of the night.
Matt Martin was given a boarding minor earlier in the third period, after running Nathan Beaulieu from behind into the boards (as seen above). Beaulieu took exception to the hit and a brief scrap occurred between the two players.


A view of the interior with the molded and painted frog and salamander. These cups or mugs are commonly referred to as "frog mugs".
A view of the side of the cup revealing the printed handle.
A loving cup printed in black with a view of the Crystal Palace conservatory designed by Sir Joseph Paxton for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was a cast-iron and plate-glass structure originally erected in Hyde Park, London, to house the first British international exhibition of industrial goods from many nations. The interior border design of the cup includes musical and agricultural accoutrements. Included in the interior are a molded and painted frog and salamander or newt. The size is not known.


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text:
Q: How can I stop exporting an empty .ear file? For my maven project, I can generate a functioning .jar via mvn compile.
However, after importing the project in Eclipse, the default Export action becomes to export an .ear file, which is always exported (and automatically built by higher-level projects) empty, with only the Manifest file, although I can still export manually to a functioning .jar.
How can I fix this, by either exporting a .jar or a class-and-stuff-containing .ear?
Thank you!

A: I would recommend you to use Maven EAR plugin.
Here is a nice documentation on how to use maven-ear-plugin.

A: Check if your project's pom file specifies the compiled artifact type as a jar like so:
<packaging>jar</packaging>

If that is the case then look for a 'parent' project refference to another .pom which might be the one dictating how Eclipse is compiling the project.
eg.
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
    <artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
    <version>1</version>
  </parent>

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text:
Tourism and vacations
Classified in: Health
Subjects: LBR, AVO, CPG
Ontario Nurses' Association Demands the Ford Government Stop the Attack on Nurses
TORONTO, June 5, 2019 /CNW/ - The Ontario Nurses' Association (ONA), the union representing 65,000 registered nurses and health-care professionals, says that government's announced interference in free collective bargaining will further impact the level of care that nurses are able to provide to Ontarians.
ONA President Vicki McKenna, RN, says, "There was no meaningful dialogue or exchange of ideas or options prior to this announcement. The government refused ONA's request for further information. In the last 10 years, real wages for Ontario hospital nurses and health-care professionals have decreased by more than five per cent." McKenna notes that Ontario already has the lowest RN-to-population ratio of all Canadian provinces, the fewest number of hospital beds per capita and spends less than all other provinces on government services.
"Health and social service-sector workers have seen below-inflation wage increases, and nurses have been working with record-low staffing levels, which equates to less than adequate numbers of nurses at their bedside" notes ONA President Vicki McKenna, RN. "Government interference in our process of negotiating collective agreements will simply drive more desperately needed registered nurses out of the province to work in other jurisdictions."
McKenna says that, "Ontario has a revenue problem ? not a spending problem ? and must focus on how to increase revenue. Disrupting nurses' wages is an attack on both nurses and the patients they care for."
ONA will vigorously defend our members' rights, says McKenna. "The free collective bargaining process must be allowed to continue. Nurses' collective agreements set out the working conditions under which care is provided to patients. Attacking nurses' rights to freely negotiate will benefit no one, especially the patients who need and deserve quality care."
ONA is the union representing more than 65,000 registered nurses and health-care professionals, as well as 18,000 nursing student affiliates, providing care in hospitals, long-term care facilities, public health, the community, clinics and industry.
Visit us at: www.ona.org; Facebook.com/OntarioNurses; www.Twitter.com/OntarioNurses
SOURCE Ontario Nurses' Association
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With energy prices rapidly rising solar panel companies are able to help household owners to start looking look at greener, cheaper and more sustainable alternatives to fossil fuel.
Domestic solar electricity is just one of those solutions and thanks to Government funded solar panels these are now an effective means of reducing your energy bill.
If electricity prices continue to rise at the same rate they are now, they could easily double in ten years' time. The sun on the other hand won't send you a nasty bill and in under 7 years the generous Feed in Tariffs could have paid for your solar panels Glasgow – this effectively means you are powering your property for free! For more information regarding solar panels Glasgow & the rest of the UK contact us today.
Solar energy can help homeowners be more profitable. Invest your energy savings back into your home with the thanks of Government funded solar panels. To find out more about free solar panels in Scotland & the rest of the UK, call us on 01413 452 180.
By investing in solar energy, you can virtually eliminate your electric bill for at least the next 25 years.
Given the historical growth rate of energy costs and the generous Feed in Tariffs, the return-on-investment can be less than 7 years.
Benefit from Carbon Tax Levy exemption and meet sustainability standards.
Help the environment by using energy options and invest in s greener future.
In addition to the savings made, your property can take full advantage of the domestic Feed in Tariff and other incentives which reward you for switching to cleaner and greener solar energy.
Domestic solar panels Glagsow, Edinburgh &A berdeen can suddenly make your property much more attractive.
Here's some good news – If you install an electricity-generating technology from a renewable or low-carbon source such as solar PV, the UK Government's Feed-in Tariffs scheme (FITs) may allow you to claim back money from your energy company.
You may be paid for the electricity which you generate, even if you use it yourself, and for any surplus electricity you export to the grid. Another advantage of this is that you will save money on your electricity bill, as you will be using your own electricity.
What's the one thing that concerns people when considering solar power? The cost. It's true that solar panel installation can be expensive, but when you look at the overall return on investment the figures speak for themselves.
Thanks to the Feed in Tariff, a government incentive solar panel grant, designed specifically to help your business to save money by generating your own energy, solar electricity suddenly becomes quite an attractive option.
Your business can say goodbye to extortionate electricity bills as you will be generating your own natural clean energy.
Your energy company will pay your business an energy generation tariff. This is based on a fixed rate for each hWh of electricity you produce.
In addition to the generation tariff, your business will also be paid an export tariff. Therefore, for every kWh of energy you don't use, you can be paid 4.77p for sending it back to the grid.
If you would like to find out more about commercial solar panels suppliers, and generating your own electricity by investing in commercial solar electricity, we would be delighted to speak to you. Alternatively, you can read our Solar Panels category on our company blog.
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"Fly not, cowards and vile beings, for a single knight attacks you."
Elliott Wave - The Dim Light Was An Anglerfish!
This is a technical analysis based on Elliott wave that maintains the initial count of a possible bullish reversal with higher lows since June 29. As trend-based fib-extensions shows, bitcoin price have been bouncing on 0.382 range for the last 3 bullish rally's and this shall be tested once again near 6780, zone.
Wyckoff BTCUSD PART 3, the last crash?
Elliot Wave - Where is my honey?
Although I have been bearish , I think this may be our last correction wave. It may or may not squeeze some longs. In case market ignores consensus and stays bearish during it for the first time ever, they will get squeezed nevertheless and 6K something becomes a reality once again with anger, and maybe depression.
I think that we gonna fall a little more for an oversold and more institutional accumulation.


Air Force training prepares you for many things; sometimes it can even prepare you for 'making the big decisions' such as the landing destination of an aircraft full of people.
Recently while traveling on a flight to a Unit Training Assembly weekend, Staff Sgt. Amy Adams, 349th Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron Technician, used her Air Force training to come to the aid of a fellow passenger, and help everyone on the flight get to their destination as scheduled.
Approximately 45 minutes after takeoff, a flight attendant announced there was a medical emergency onboard, asking if there was a doctor. Several minutes passed. When Adams observed an attendant leading a female passenger up to the front of the plane, she assumed a doctor had been found.
"I waited a moment or two, hesitating to see if perhaps the call bells would begin binging all over the plane, however, no bells rang," Adams said.
The attendant led Adams to first class. She approached the passenger, a female approximately 30 to 35 years old lying in the aisle with a non-rebreather mask applied with 100 percent oxygen flowing.
The woman Adams had previously witnessed being escorted by the attendant was standing over the woman on the floor.
She said she was a medical student, and was not sure what had happened with the passenger, however, she had applied the oxygen after talking with the flight attendants.
Another woman who identified herself as a nurse was taking the patient's blood pressure, and indicated it was very low.
"I went through a medical interview with her, and determined she had the following possible contributing factors; vegetarian, consumed a non-vegetarian meal before flight, taken GAS-X to preemptively relieve discomfort along with drinking two glasses of wine upon boarding flight, indicated she had previous history of gastrointestinal pain leading to temporary loss of consciousness.
Adams took a second set of vitals and determined they were within a normal range. The patient stated she was beginning to feel better and was assisted to her seat.
The attendants said at this point the pilot needed to know if he should turn the plane around, or if he should continue to their destination.
Adams returned to her seat.
It turns out the passenger, given the choice of medical student, nurse or AES technician, picked Adams.
"I had an instant rapport with her," said Adams.
Adams returned upstairs to find the patient in the latrine, experiencing diarrhea and vomiting. Adams assisted the patient back to her seat.
"I encouraged her to sip water and chew ice chips, and applied a cold compress to her forehead and neck along with the reapplied oxygen mask, and I continued to monitor her vitals," said Adams.
Soon her vitals were within the normal limits, and although tired, the passenger said she was feeling better and wanted to sleep. Adams again assisted the passenger to her seat, and the flight continued.
Adams returned to find the patient back in the latrine experiencing more diarrhea and feeling very anxious and upset.
"I tried to reassure her that we were almost to our destination and reiterated the stresses of flight as we had discussed earlier, and that I believed she would find some relief upon landing," she said.
Adams led the woman back to her seat and stayed with the woman until it was time for descent.
The passenger refused an emergency medical response upon reaching the destination, and the flight landed without further incident.
"Overall, this experience was valuable in my flight career. Although I provided minimal medical care; I provided comfort, reassurance and support to help someone get through an extremely uncomfortable situation," Adam said.


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I'm not like… Worrying about this surgery.
I mean… I know the risks. I know it's huge. I know it could end up being even bigger than they expect. I know things could go wrong.
But I'm not lying awake at night worrying. There's no good in me worrying about it. It's not like a test when I could worry I haven't studied enough, that's a legitimate worry. Or a big meeting I haven't prepared for. But this is entirely out of my control.
Yes there are things I will be upset about on the other side of the surgery should they eventuate, but I can't deal with them now. I could start googling how to reconstruct noses in case it's really bad, but there's no point in assuming it will be, that just causes unnecessary anxiety. And if it is, it's surgeons I should speak to, not google.
I had my 'consent for surgery' appointment on Friday. I mean obviously I'm going to consent to whatever my surgeons think they should do! I don't think I know better than them. Do I even want to know all the details of what happens between 8am Monday morning and Tuesday when I wake up? I just want to get through it and see what I have to work with. And hopefully everything will have gone well.
What I have been thinking about this week as I wait to fall asleep is how incredible this all is. How are they going to remove my jaw, tumour and part of my nose all the way up to my eye socket and reconstruct it, all through the roof of my mouth?! How is that a thing?! I mean I trust that they know exactly how to do it, but seriously – how is it a thing?! And how on earth is the body able to handle it?!
I have been constantly amazed by medicine over the last 7 months.
I'm in the best hands. That's comforting to know. Let's get this damn thing out.


text:
'Holy smoking toledos!': Tourists capture startling footage of volcano erupting in Papua New Guinea
By Carol Kuruvilla
"Holy smoking toledos!"
A shocked onlooker didn't mince words as he shot footage of a massive volcano erupting in Papua New Guinea.
The behemoth Mount Tavurvur belched out a thick tower of ash thousands of feet into the skies above the island of New Britain early Aug. 29, and Australian taxi driver Phil McNamara got a front row seat to Mother Nature's show.
McNamara and his wife Linda were vacationing in the area when he heard that the volcano was ready to spit out its fury. The Queensland couple made a "spur of the moment" decision to get onto a hotel boat and take a closer look.
"I thought I might as well try and capture something you rarely get to see," Phil told the Brisbane Times.
But the couple had no idea that their touring boat would be impacted by the blast. The shockwave from the eruption can be seen rippling across the earth and skies, flinging clouds out of the way before hitting the boat with a thunderous roar.
Smoke and ash fill the air as Mount Tavurvur erupts in Rabaul in eastern Papua New Guinea on August 29, 2014. (Ness Kerton/AFP/Getty Images/AFP/Getty Images)
Phil admitted that he and his fellow tourists "absolutely crapped themselves" when the boom hit.
The McNamaras shared the video on Facebook and it has since received more than 30,000 shares from around the world.
The ash from the volcano reached 60,000 feet above sea level, CNN reports. Local communities had to be evacuated, the Guardian reports, while international flights were re-routed.
Mount Tavurvur, one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes in Papua New Guinea, destroyed the nearby township of Rabaul in a 1994 explosion, according to The Guardian.
On a mobile device? Click here to view the video.
SEE IT: Stray dog becomes crossing guard and helps young kids cross the street


text:
The Consultative Meeting of Parties to the Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of Conflict in South Sudan
Deputy President David Mabuza delivers opening remarks
Jobs Summit Presidential Working Committee meeting
President Ramaphosa chairs the monthly meeting held at Nedlac House in Sandton
The Limpopo Business Chamber of Commerce and Industry meeting
President Ramaphosa addresses the meeting held at the Mogol Club Hall in Lephalale
The annual 16 Days of Activism for No Violence against Women and Children campaign
President Ramaphosa delivered the keynote address to mark the commencement of the campaign
Deputy President meets with IGAD Ambassador to South Sudan
Deputy President David Mabuza, in his capacity as Special Envoy on South Sudan, meets with IGAD Ambassador to South Sudan, Dr. Ismail Wais in Juba
Hestrie Cloete (1978 - )
The Order of Ikhamanga in
Hestrie Cloete (1978 - ) Awarded for:
Exceptional performance in the field of Athletics
Profile of Hestrie Cloete
Hestrie Cloete was born in 1978 in Germiston. Cloete is South Africa's second track and field World Champion since the country's readmission to the World Championship in 1993.
Cloete's outstanding performance on the field has seen her repeatedly set records. She set three South African, thirteen African, and five Commonwealth records for high jump between 1998 and 2003. Her achievements include being the World Top Junior in 1997, African Champion in 1998 and 2002 and world number one in 1999.
With the exception of the Olympic Games of 2000 where she won silver, Cloete has won all the major titles including the African Games in 1995 and 1999, the Commonwealth Games in 1998 and 2002, the IAAF Grand Prix winner in 1999 and 2001, the Goodwill Games in 2001, the World Cup in 2002 and the World Championships in 2001 and 2003.
She is currently the South African, African and Commonwealth record holder and is ranked 1st by the International Amateur Athletics Federation's (IAAF). Cloete is also ranked joint 4th record-holder on the World All Time list with the phenomenal jump height of 2.05m.
This year she became the first woman high jumper ever to successfully defend her World
Championship title, was voted 2003 World Best Performance or Performer, as well as being crowned World's Best Athlete.
National Orders Booklets
National Orders Booklet 2019


We didn't intend to add ATV exploring to our travel bucket list…until we bought one. See what I mean about keeping your list flexible?
Do you keep a travel bucket list? It's a controversial topic among bloggers and travel writers. Naysayers point to travelers moving too quickly with the idea of checking an item off before rushing to the next destination on the list. They claim it leads to shallow travel experiences that don't properly explore a place.
Keeping a travel bucket list gives us something to look forward to. And for us, anticipation is one of the biggest travel pleasures of all.
Knowing that we have an active trip coming up that might be physically challenging inspires us to keep fit and take care of our overall health.
Entering the stage of life where parents (and friends) are declining, or even passing away, can be depressing. A travel bucket list keeps hope alive, giving us something positive to think about.
Realizing that there's an expensive trip with our name on it encourages good financial habits so that we can actually afford that trip.
History reveals itself at every turn while exploring Ephesus.
Mediterranean cruises offer history lovers the opportunity to travel back in time. And I mean way back in time to the days of the Phoenicians and Romans. We appreciate the ability to experience the smaller ports that only small ship cruises can visit. So the next time you're thinking about exploring Europe's history, consider Sicily for a Selinunte cruise excursion or Sardinia to see the ancient city of Nora.
Glacier National Park in the winter is spectacular!
Glacier National Park doesn't get enough attention, in our opinion. If you love stunning scenery and abundant wildlife, then plan a week or two exploring Glacier National Park hiking trails to see why the Montana park is called the Crown of the Continent. And if you don't mind cold and snow, on a winter trip to Glacier National Park, you'll practically have the winter wonderland to yourself.
An expedition cruise puts you up close and personal with Alaska's wildness.
Before you book an exotic expedition cruise itinerary to the Arctic or Antarctica, begin with an adventure cruise to Alaska. It's a good introduction to adventure cruising and a great way to see the state up close and personal. You might get to float with icebergs.
Plunge pool at our Ivory Lodge Villa at Lion Sands, South Africa.
When it comes to over-the-top accommodations combined with outstanding wildlife experiences, a South African Safari tops our luxury list. Dipping into a relaxing plunge pool after an early morning of wildlife watching is the best!
A decorated building near the cathedral in Strasbourg, France.
For ambiance and festivity, a Rhine River Christmas Market cruise is a fun introduction to the world of European river cruising. Wander the festive market stalls while you sip gluhwein without the bustling summer crowds.
If I could recommend one activity that builds confidence while offering inspiration, it's paragliding. I felt like a bird flying over Maui. And the energy high lasted for days.
Perhaps seeing all of the U.S. National Parks is a worthy goal. Or aim for visiting every UNESCO World Heritage Site. The point is to maintain a list that is meaningful to you.
Don't write your bucket list in stone. Be open to new ideas and opportunities. If you need inspiration, check out our Bucket List Trips.
In 2014, when I first wrote this article, Alan and I had checked two items off our travel bucket list: we toured China by land and explored a remote area of Idaho at Mackay Bar Ranch, just across the Bitterroot Mountains from where we live. Yes, we wanted to know what was on the other side. 2015 was all about exploring the South Pacific again — some items on our list are worth repeating — and finally stepping foot onto Antarctica. In 2016, we explored Greenland on an Arctic cruise. And in 2017 we visited the Lamar Valley for a Yellowstone National Park winter trip.
Planning a bucket list trip? Start your hotel search with us.
Do you set travel goals? Come tell us all about it over on the My Itchy Travel Feet page on Facebook or send us an email with your thoughts or questions.
Disclosure: Affiliate links are included for your convenience. However My Itchy Travel Feet receives a small percentage of the sale at no additional cost to you. Thanks for the business.


I'm working on a synopsis for my work-in-progress and, as anyone who has ever written one can attest, it's not a pretty process. This time around I'm writing a synopsis before writing the novel which means I'm not locked into anything.
My ADD tendencies are having a blast-y as I try to reconcile my rough outline with all the brand new shiny ideas firing in my brain.
However, I did make progress today. And when I'd had enough of ye olde synopsis, I put Emma on her leash and we went for a run on the trails.
Nothing clears the squirrel from one's brain like a run over uneven terrain.


text:
Plasticity May Make Neurons Vulnerable to Alzheimer's Disease
Neurons that regularly remodel are more prone to the dysfunctions linked to the disease's onset, a new experimental and computational study finds.
By Thomas Sumner June 29, 2020
Principal neurons of the entorhinal cortex layer II assist with memory and navigation and are among the most vulnerable to Alzheimer's. Researchers generated a line of mice for studying ECII neurons (highlighted using a green fluorescent protein). The neurons are at such high risk because they frequently remodel, making them prone to fatal dysfunctions, the researchers found. J.-P. Roussarie et al./Neuron 2020
Neurons that regularly remodel are more prone to Alzheimer's disease and die when that remodeling goes awry, a new study suggests. The work is the first to track the progression of Alzheimer's at the genetic and molecular levels within neurons vulnerable to the disease.
"Identifying the molecular characteristics of neurons that are especially vulnerable to neurodegeneration is important both for the basic understanding of Alzheimer's and for future development of better diagnostic and treatment options," says study co-author Olga Troyanskaya, deputy director for genomics at the Flatiron Institute's Center for Computational Biology in New York City and a professor at Princeton University.
Using a machine learning framework that integrated neuron type-specific mouse experiments with human studies, the researchers compared two types of neurons susceptible to Alzheimer's with five resistant types. The most significant difference was that the vulnerable neurons were enriched with processes related to remodeling connections with adjacent neurons.
The findings suggest that aging and the accumulation of a protein fragment called amyloid-beta can cause the remodeling process to go haywire, creating tangles of tau proteins that lead to neuron death. The work is the first to link amyloid-beta and tau proteins — two previously proposed prime suspects in Alzheimer's progression — at the genetic and molecular levels.
"By understanding what makes these neurons extra vulnerable, we can understand what makes Alzheimer's start killing neurons," says study co-lead author Vicky Yao, an assistant professor of computer science at Rice University in Houston who started the project while working in Troyanskaya's group at Princeton. "The question now is whether we can somehow make these neurons more resistant."
Yao led the work along with Jean-Pierre Roussarie, a senior research associate at the Fisher Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research at Rockefeller University in New York City. The researchers present their findings June 29 in Neuron.
Alzheimer's is a progressive disorder that causes brain cells to waste away and die. The disease first targets neurons related to memory and navigation. Over time, the disease spreads to other neurons. In the United States, Alzheimer's is the sixth-leading cause of death and the fifth-leading cause of death for Americans age 65 and older.
The cause of the disease remains unclear. Previous studies identified genes that elevate Alzheimer's risk, but scientists still don't know why the disease starts attacking neurons. One challenge to studying the disease is that the brain quickly starts deteriorating after death, distorting any potential postmortem findings.
For the new study, Roussarie and his colleagues generated genetic lines of mice tailor-made for studying neurons. Each line focuses on a single neuron type, with genetic changes to make gene transcription in those neurons easier to track (including the addition of a green fluorescent protein). The researchers developed mice lines targeting neurons resilient to Alzheimer's and others targeting neurons vulnerable to the disease.
In the new paper, the researchers show that the human and mouse neurons were nearly identical at the molecular level, making the rodents superb stand-ins for studying Alzheimer's.
The researchers combined experimental data from Roussarie's mice with Yao's computational models of human genetics, which show when and where genes related to Alzheimer's-related processes are expressed in the brain and how those genes interact with other genes. Together, the two data sources produced a profile of what characteristics make neurons vulnerable to Alzheimer's.
The profile turned up two of the usual suspects in Alzheimer's: amyloid-beta and tau. Amyloid-beta is a protein fragment that can aggregate, forming plaques that fill the gaps between nerve cells. Tau proteins — the top candidate in the profile — stabilize microtubules, molecular rods that give neurons their shape and form the backbone of connections between neighboring neurons. When tau proteins are misfolded, they can create tangled threads that block a neuron's transport system, preventing neurons from functioning properly.
"When I first did the predictions, I actually went back and double-checked because I thought that this was too good to be true," Yao says. "These were things we had already known were related to Alzheimer's, and we were able to link them together. It was verification that we were on the right track."
Scientists have long debated which process — involving amyloid-beta or tau — is responsible for the onset of Alzheimer's, but the new findings suggest that the two are connected. The work strongly linked PTB, a gene that regulates the formation of the several flavors of the tau protein, to Alzheimer's. If PTB is dysregulated, the ratio of tau proteins is thrown off. This imbalance causes the tau proteins to start aggregating, forming the tangled threads. The researchers propose that age and amyloid-beta accumulation boost the risk of this dysregulation.
The researchers plan to continue their research by looking for other characteristics that make neurons vulnerable to the disease. Gathering more information about the onset of Alzheimer's will aid the development of potential treatments that prevent the disease from taking root in the first place, Yao says.
For more information, please contact Stacey Greenebaum at press@simonsfoundation.org.
Link to scientific paper
Link to high-resolution image
Mathematics Explains How Giant Whirlpools Form in Developing Egg Cells By Thomas Sumner
Molecular Processes in Kidney Cells May 'Prime' Diabetics for COVID-19 Infection By Thomas Sumner
Infinitely Long Chains of Hydrogen Atoms Have Surprising Properties, Including a Metallic Phase By Thomas Sumner


Our favorite Dark Horse Comics anti-hero, Hellboy, is making a comeback to the big screen. Unfortunately, it won't be a third sequel to the two previous films.
Hellboy creator Mike Mignola confirmed this in a post on Facebook and revealed that it will instead be an R-rated reboot of the series.
Aside from these, not much information is available, but according to The Verge, the current working title of the film is Hellboy: Rise of the Blood Queen.
There's also no release date yet, although IMDb has marked the film as "in development" with a potential 2018 launch.
This comes after Guillermo del Toro, who directed the first two Hellboy movies in 2004 and 2008, made a statement back in February that a third sequel was not in the works.
You might also want to check out these clips from the old films to recall how awesome and hilarious Hellboy was.


text:
Surface Area to Volume Ratio Calculator
Created by Rahul Dhari and Oghenekaro Elem
What is the surface area to volume ratio?
How to calculate surface area to volume ratio?
How to use the surface area to volume ratio calculate?
Why is the ratio of surface area to volume important?
Surface area to volume ratio calculator helps you determine the amount of surface an object has relative to its size. The concept of surface area to volume ratio, also denoted as SA/VOL or SA:V, is given considerable importance in the sciences (such as aerodynamics for instance), and this article will explore why.
If you want to learn how to find volume and surface area of an object, you can use the volume calculator or the surface area calculator to learn how to find the volume and surface area of geometry shapes like cylinder, cube, cone, rectangular prism, or triangular prism, etc. Also, check out the body surface area calculator to find the surface area of a human body!
Keep reading to learn answers to the following questions:
What is the ratio of surface area to volume of different shapes?
How to find surface to volume ratio using the surface area to volume calculator?
The surface area of an object or a body is the total area of all its exposed surfaces, i.e., SA is simply the outside area of an object. On the other hand, Volume refers to the amount of space occupied by the object; it can also be the amount of space inside of the object.
For instance, let's say we have a cloth box. The box's surface area is a measure of the amount of wrapping paper required to cover the entire box precisely, while the volume of the box is a measure of the space inside the box which determines the number of clothes the box can carry.
Surface area to volume ratio is simply an object's surface area divided by its volume. It gives the proportion of surface area per unit volume of the object (e.g., sphere, cylinder, etc.). Therefore, the formula to calculate surface area to volume ratio is:
SA/VOL = surface area (x2) / volume (x3) SA/VOL = x-1,
where x is the unit of measurement.
Below is a table showing how to calculate the surface area to volume ratio of some common three-dimensional objects.
Surface area to volume ratio
Cube 6L2 L3 6/L
Cylinder 2πR(R+H) πR2H 2(R+H)/(RH)
Sphere 4πR2 4πR3/3 3/R
Cone πRL+πR2 πR2H/3 3(R+L)/(RH)
Hemisphere 3πR2 2πR3/3 4.5R
Capsule 2πR(2R+H) πR2(4R/3 + H) (6/R)(2R+H)/(4R + 3H)
Since you've learned how to calculate the surface area to volume ratio, let's find out how to use the surface to volume ratio calculator:
The most important decision is selecting the object's shape from the dropdown list of shape categories.
Once you've done that, you will need to choose the exact shape of the object you want to calculate the SA:V (there is a diagram representing each selection).
Input the values of parameters that determine the object's size, such as the side length, radius, or height.
Once you've entered the values for the object's size, the surface to volume ratio calculator automatically calculates the surface area, volume, and surface area to volume ratio. You can change these values to see how the SA:V changes with different sizes of objects. Simple and straightforward 🙂
The ratio of surface area to volume of an object is important in the sciences because it determines how fast matter and energy can be transferred within an object and between an object and its environment.
Looking at the formulas given in the table above, you will find that when the length L of the cube or the radius R of the cylinder is doubled (or reduced by half), it does not lead to a proportionate increase (or decrease) in the value of the surface area and volume. This is because an increase or decrease in these parameters (length or radius) results in a greater increase (or decrease) in volume than the increase in surface area since the value of surface area is squared (x2) while that of volume is cubed (x3).
As a result, the surface area to volume ratio is inversely proportional to the size of an object, given that length and radius determine the size. In other words, as the size of an object increases, its ratio of surface area to volume decreases; conversely, as the size of an object decreases, its ratio of surface area to volume increases.
The implication of the surface area to volume ratio is that energy or matter can move faster in objects or organisms with a higher surface area to volume ratio than those with a lower surface area to volume ratio.
The SA:V has significant implications in cell theory since cell surface area to volume ratio controls the success of its metabolic processes.
Cells are small to allow substances like glucose and oxygen to move through diffusion and get rid of their waste. As the cell grows and the SA:V decreases, it may not be able to get these substances from one end of a cell to the next by diffusion as fast as it should, which slows down cell processes and growth.
Thus, the cell surface area to volume ratio is improved through:
Cell division;
Slowed down metabolism; or
Change its shape to increase the surface area and therefore SA:V ratio.
The principle also explains why sprinkled water evaporates faster than the same amount of water in a bucket or why granulated sugar dissolves faster than a sugar cube. Put simply: a higher surface area improves the reactivity of a process.
What is surface area to volume ratio?
Surface area to volume ratio is the amount of surface area or total exposed area of a body relative to its volume or size. It is denoted as SA/VOL or SA:V.
Calculate the surface area of the object concerned in unit squared (x2);
Calculate its volume in unit cubed (x3);
Divide the object's surface area by its volume to get its surface area to volume ratio.
The formula to calculate surface area to volume ratio is:
SA/VOL = surface area (x2) / volume (x3)
SA/VOL = x-1
What is the ratio of surface area to volume?
The ratio of surface area to volume, or the surface area to volume ratio, is the amount of surface area or total exposed area of a body relative to its volume or size.
Why is the surface area to volume ratio important?
The surface area to volume ratio is important because it determines the rate of movement of materials or energy within a body and between a body and its environment. A high surface area to volume ratio means the body can swiftly transfer materials or energy because there is less space.
In contrast, a low surface area to volume ratio means that the volume or size of the object is larger than the surface medium of transfer. Hence, it'll take a longer time for the materials or energy to reach their destination.
How can I calculate my body surface area to volume ratio?
You can calculate your body surface area to volume ratio using the surface area to volume ratio formula or the simple-to-use body surface area calculator.
Rahul Dhari and Oghenekaro Elem
Side length (L)
Surface area (A)
in²
Volume (V)
cu in
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In late March and early April, spotted salamanders, blue-spotted salamanders, and endangered Jefferson salamanders emerge from winter burrows in Ontario's forests and begin a mass migration to ponds to breed and lay eggs. This migration is set in motion by rising spring temperatures, rainy days, and melting snow. It's a good thing they're back: salamanders play a key role in our ecosystem's health by consuming a large variety of invertebrates, including unwanted cottage pests like mosquitoes, snails, and slugs.
Salamanders are amphibians, a group of animals that also includes frogs and toads. They breathe by absorbing water and gases right through their thin, moist skin. They live in damp environments, with species like the spotted salamander spending the majority of its life under leaf litter, rotting logs, and tunnels.
Ontario's spotted salamanders, blue-spotted salamanders, and endangered Jefferson salamanders lay their eggs in vernal pools—temporary ponds that form in the spring from run-off. Because these ponds evaporate as temperatures rise and spring turns into summer, they provide a safe haven for amphibian larvae, as no fish can survive there.
While their secretive lifestyles and small size generally keep salamanders well-hidden from human eyes, the spring migration puts the amphibians at risk by bringing them out into the open. Salamanders prefer to return to the vernal pools in which they hatched, and they'll travel over snow and across roads to reach their destination. Making their migratory treks at night under the cover of darkness, they are at risk when they have to cross roads. The danger of roads can be so substantial that in Burlington, Ontario, King Road is closed down annually for around four weeks to allow the endangered Jefferson salamander to safely cross on its spring journey.
Cottage owners can help protect salamanders and other amphibians by leaving any vernal pools on their property in a natural state. Leave the pools undisturbed: don't let dogs run through the water, and don't ride bikes or ATVs through the pools either. And avoid using any pesticide or fertilizer near vernal pools, as amphibians are particularly sensitive to chemicals in the environment due to their thin skin.


text:
Second fatal NLC India boiler blast in 2 months kills at least six
NLCINDIA.BO
Sudarshan Varadhan
1 July 2020, 3:17 am ·1-min read
By Sudarshan Varadhan
CHENNAI (Reuters) - A boiler blast on Wednesday at lignite miner and electricity generator NLC India's plant in the southern Tamil Nadu state killed at least six people, a company official and local police said, the second deadly boiler explosion in two months.
"Six people died on the spot," said S Latha, the inspector at a local police station in Neyveli, adding that the incident in May killed five and injured three.
The incident occurred at unit V of power plant II, a company official said, adding that the unit was under shutdown when the mishap happened. The accident in May occurred in unit VI.
"It was supposed to start operating only on Thursday. Actual cause of the accident is yet to be ascertained and is being investigated," the official said.
The explosion injured 17 people, sixteen of whom have been sent to a private hospital in the state capital of Chennai for treatment, while the other person is being treated at a local hospital in Neyveli, a company official said.
"Pained to hear about the blast in Neyveli power plant boiler in Tamil Nadu," India's coal minister Pralhad Joshi said in a tweet on Wednesday.
More than three people die and over 46 are injured each day in industrial accidents in India, government data for the three years ending 2016 show.
The state of Tamil Nadu, where the NLC India plant is located, is the third worst state in the country to be a worker, the data showed, and is preceded by other top industrial states Maharashtra and Gujarat.
(Reporting by Sudarshan Varadhan; editing by Tom Hogue, Jason Neely and Louise Heavens)
Singapore cbank issues guidelines to discourage crypto trading by public
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This week in Maths we have been looking back at all the different things we have learnt in maths this term. These included measurement, place value and number work with numbers from 0 to 50.
On Monday we started our English work by making sandwiches. We talked about the different fillings you can have and how to butter the bread and add your filling. We did this so that the following day we could start writing our own instructions on how to make a sandwich.
This week was our last week at forest school unfortunately due to the bad weather we could not go to the woods. However we had great fun outside exploring the school grounds and the left over snow and warmed ourselves back up with some delicious hot chocolate.
This week in Maths we have been working on capacity and volume in different containers. We went outside and experimented with different objects and worked out how much water they could hold. We also looked at the amount of liquid in a cup and whether it was full, half full, empty, a quarter full and three quarters full.
For our English work this week we have wrote instructions for our Mother's Day biscuits that we made. We have also produced our own travel books. We wrote about the North and South Pole and the animals that live there. Then we wrote about the hot countries Hawaii and Australia and the different animals that live there.
As part of our Enquiry work we made a minibeast hotel. This week we went out to see if any minibeasts had moved in.
This week in maths we have continued our work on measurement we have been using rulers to measure different objects. We have measured our own body parts and had a sheet with mini beasts. We have also worked on weight we had lots of different things to weigh. We then had to make predictions about what we thought would be the heaviest or lightest.
For our English work this week we have looked at different story 'Lost and Found'. It's all about a Penguin that turns up on a Boy's doorstep and then follows him around. The boy tries to take him back to the South Pole and then realises the Penguin is lonely and takes him home again. We have all really enjoyed learning this story. We have written our own recounts of the story using the beginning, middle and end. The following day we wrote a book review all about the book.
In our enquiry work this week we have been looking at the different habitats that animals live in. We focused on hot and cold areas of the world that they live in. We drew an animal from a cold place and described a feature that helps it in this habitat we then did the same for a hot place. We also decided what type of animal it was Mammal, Amphibian, Reptile, Bird, Fish or Insect.
This week has been slightly shorter at school due to the snow, but the children loved being able to go outside and experience what it feeling like to be in the snow and finding small puddles that had iced over - although many weren't so happy about the cold!
In English this week, the children have had more of a focus on non-fiction writing, being detectives and finding out information in fact sheets that they highlighted and then used to create their own amazing facts about whales and snails. The sheets that they produced independently really show that they are taking on lots of information and recalling it to share with others in lots of different ways. They also combined their literacy skills to support the science sessions where they needed to label the different parts of a snail.
Oliver concentrated really hard to write clear labels for all the different parts of the snail, as well as remember to form his letters carefully and correctly.
In Maths, the children started off the week by using some of the information that they had learnt and measured out how long a really humpback whale could grow - 18 metres long!
They learnt how to use a ruler, metre stick and trundle wheel as standard ways to measure accuratly, but also used non standard methods such as how many footsteps it took from one end to the other, used a piece of string that measured 18 metres long and finally, a suggestion was made to see how many children lying down it would take to get from the tail to the tip of the humpback whale's nose! It was 15 children long and went from the end of the sports hall, right out to into the hall way !!
From this starting point, the children then went back to the classroom and started to measure each other with a piece of string, before lying that up against the metre sticks and finding out how tall they measured. Then, the children asked to see who was the shorted and tallest in the group, so they helped each other to order themselves to do this in table groups - there was alot of mathemtaical questions and discussions that came out of this activity.
The children all had to wrap up warm for the forest school session this week - they went out into the school grounds adn looked at the plants around them and noted any seasonal changes that were beginning to occur. They were then given a task to work in small groups to gatehr things that they found interesting to create a natural piece of art within a hoop frame. There were some lovely scuprtures and pictures produced and the children worked really well together sharing ideas, helping each other as well as working through a few compromises too. They really look forward to this session - please remember to bring your forest school kit into school for every Monday session this term.
This week Year 1 had their first week of Forest School. We went out in the school grounds with Mrs Parker and looked around our environment we collected lots of different leaves and flowers and made crowns and bookmarks. We all had lots of fun and are looking forward to next week.
This week in English we have started to look at a new book 'The Snail and the Whale.' We wrote about what was happening to the Snail and Whale in different parts of the story and about what they might say to each other. We have also written book reviews about the story.
For our Maths work this week we have been working on groups of numbers for 2's, 5's and 10's. We had a 100 square and looked for the different 2's numbers and found that they were all the even numbers. Then we looked for the 5's and 10's looking at the different patterns.


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