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Central Light Online Official public announcements blog for Central Lodge No. 1 F&AM PHA, Indiana's oldest Prince Hall Masonic Lodge, chartered in 1856.
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St. John the Baptist Day, June 24th Leave a comment
St. John the Baptist Day, June 24th
"There is in every regular and well governed Lodge, a certain point within a circle, embordered by two parallel perpendicular lines…"
Friday, June 24th, Freemasons celebrate the Feast of St. John Baptist. A curious thing for a non-sectarian group to do. Freemasonry historically acknowledges St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist as its patron saints, reveres their memory, points to their exemplary lives in its ritualistic work, and dedicates its Lodges to them.
In 1740, Chevalier Andrew Michael Ramsey, a Scottish expatriate living in France, as Orator of the Grand Lodge of France, first suggested what morphed into the Templar theory of the formation of Freemasons. "During the time of the holy wars in Palestine, several principal lords and citizens associated themselves together, and entered into a vow to re-establish the temples of the Christians in the Holy Land; and engaged themselves by an oath to employ their talents and their fortune in restoring architecture to its primitive institution. They adopted several ancient signs and symbolic words drawn from religion by which they might distinguish themselves from the infidels and recognize each other in the midst of the Saracens. They communicated these signs and words only to those who had solemnly sworn, often at the foot of the altar, never to reveal them. This was not an oath of execration but a bond uniting men of all nations into the same confraternity. Some time after our order was united with the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem. Hence our lodges are, in all Christian countries, called Lodges of St. John."
Ramsey largely invented his tale out of whole cloth, and there is nothing to suggest that his account was anything more than a fairy tale.
In what is called the Old York Lecture from about 1770 in England has the following as part of its EA catechism:
"Q. To whom were the lodges dedicated during the Mosaic dispensation?"__"
A. To Moses, the chosen of God, and Solomon, the son of David."__
"Q. And under what name were the Masons known during that period?"__
"A. Under the name of Dionysiacs, Geometricians, or Masters in Israel."__
"Q. But as Solomon was a Jew, and died long before the promulgation of Christianity, to whom were they dedicated under the Christian dispensation?"__
"A. From Solomon the patronage of Masonry passed to St. John the Baptist."__
"Q. And under what name were they known after the promulgation of Christianity?"__
"A. Under the name of Essenes, Architects, or Freemasons."__
"Q. Why were the lodges dedicated to St. John the Baptist?"__
"A. Because he was the forerunner of our Saviour, and by preaching repentance and humiliation, drew the first parallel of the Gospel."__
"Q. Had St. John the Baptist any equal?"__
"A. He had; St. John the Evangelist."__
"Q. Why was he said to be the equal of the Baptist?"__
"A. Because he finished by his learning what the other began by his zeal, and thus drew a second line parallel to the former; ever since which time Freemason's lodges in all Christian countries, have been dedicated to the one, or the other, or both of these worthy and worshipful men."
The Preston Lectures, which is what our own rituals are based upon (by way of Thomas Smith Webb in the US), were the standard in England until the reconciliation between the "Ancient" and "Modern" factions in 1813, when a compromise was developed. References to the Saints were removed, the parallel lines were said to represent Moses and Solomon, and the lodges dedicated "to God and his service." Our English brethren removed the saints to eliminate any hint of religious sectarianism.
In our American version, one of the least understood symbols is a certain point within a circle, bounded by two parallel lines, with the volume of sacred law at the top.
The symbol is actually based on an old astrological and alchemical symbol. The point in the center represented the Earth, which was thought to be the center of the universe. The heavens were believed to spin around the Earth, represented by the circle. The two lines represented the summer and winter solstices, the longest and shortest days of the year. For thousands of years, these days were celebrated as pagan feast days all over the world, and they were especially important to farming societies, because they were the astronomical methods of determining planting seasons.
In about 300A.D., the Catholic Church began to dedicate popular pagan feast days to the saints. June 24th, the longest day of the year, was declared St. John the Baptist day, while December 27th, the shortest day, was dedicated to St. John the Evangelist. Collectively, Masons refer to them as the Holy Saints John.
Operative Freemasonry was first developed when Roman Catholicism was the prevailing religion, and these feast days continued under the Church of England. It was common for guilds and other trade groups to adopt a patron saint or two. Some Masons picked both Saints John, and over the centuries Masons commonly celebrate their feast days with banquets. And curiously, even though Freemasonry today is non-denominational and non-sectarian, American Masons have retained these customs of old. Part of the ritual in America says that Masons come "from the Holy Saints John of Jerusalem," while in other parts of the world, lodges are dedicated to King Solomon.
John the Baptist was zealous, while John the Evangelist was learned, and by picking both of them as patron saints, Masons symbolically united both passion and reason.
The symbol also shows the Volume of Sacred Law at the top. In Masonry, the point represents the individual, and the circle is the boundary of his actions. Taken as a whole, the symbol implies that a Mason should consult the sacred texts of his own religion to achieve the proper balance between passion and intensity on one side, and knowledge and education on the other. In other words, he should balance education, excitement and faith to effectively subdue his passions. In a way, it is a graphic representation of the conscience.
More information about the Feast of St. John the Evangelist from Handbook of Christian Feasts and Customs by Fr. Francis X. Weiser, SJ:
This saint was highly honored throughout the whole Church from the beginning. Proof of this is, among other things, the fact that fifteen churches were dedicated to him in the ancient imperial city of Constantinople. Being the precursor of our Lord, he was accorded the same honor as the first great saints of the Christian era, although he belonged to the Old Covenant. The fact that Christ praised him so highly (Matthew 11, 11) encouraged, of course, a special veneration. Accordingly, we find a regular cycle of feasts in his honor among the early Christian churches.
The question arises of why June 24, and not 25. It has often been claimed that the Church authorities wanted to "Christianize" the pagan solstice celebrations and for this reason advanced Saint John's feast as a substitute for the former pagan festival. However, the real reason why Saint John's Day falls on June 24 lies in the Roman way of counting, which proceeded backward from the calends (first day) of the succeeding month. Christmas was "the eighth day before the Kalends of January" (Octavo Kalendas Januarii). Consequently, Saint John's nativity was put on the "eighth day before the Kalends of July." However, since June has only thirty days, in our way of counting the feast falls on June 24.
The Baptist is patron of tailors (because he made his own garments in the desert), of shepherds (because he spoke of the "Lamb of God"), and of masons. This patronage over masons is traced to his words:
Make ready the way of the Lord, make straight all his paths. Every valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill shall be brought low, And the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough ways smooth. (Luke 3, 4-6.)
All over Europe, from Scandinavia to Spain, and from Ireland to Russia, Saint John's Day festivities are closely associated with the ancient nature lore of the great summer festival of pre-Christian times. Fires are lighted on mountains and hilltops on the eve of his feast. These "Saint John's fires" burn brightly and quietly along the fiords of Norway, on the peaks of the Alps, on the slopes of the Pyrenees, and on the mountains of Spain (where they are called Hogueras). They were an ancient symbol of the warmth and light of the sun which the forefathers greeted at the beginning of summer. In many places, great celebrations are held with dances, games, and outdoor meals.
Fishermen from Brittany keep this custom even while far out at sea in the Arctic Ocean. They hoist a barrel filled with castoff clothing to the tip of the mainsail yard and set the contents on fire. All ships of the fishing fleet light up at the same time, about eight o'clock in the evening. The men gather around the mast, pray and sing. Afterward they celebrate in their quarters, and the captain gives each crew member double pay.
Another custom is that of lighting many small fires in the valleys and plains. People gather around, jump through the flames, and sing traditional songs in praise of the saint or of summer. This custom is based on the pre-Christian "need fires" (niedfyr, nodfyr) which were believed to cleanse, cure, and immunize people from all kinds of disease, curses, and dangers. In Spain these smaller fires (fogatas) are lighted in the streets of towns and cities, everybody contributing some old furniture or other wood, while children jump over the flames. In Brest, France, the bonfires are replaced by lighted torches which people throw in the air. In other districts of France they cover wagon wheels with straw, then set them on fire with a blessed candle and roll them down the hill slopes.
http://freemasonsfordummies.blogspot.com/2011/06/st-john-baptist-day-june-24th.html
St. John's Day Sunday Processional and Service (Central District)
Sunday, June 26, 2011 3:00 PM Eastern Time
Come out and celebrate St. John's Day with us! We'll be at Mt. Olive Missionary Baptist Church (1003 W. 16th Street, Indianapolis), with Pastor Carl Z. Liggins presiding.
We'll be assembling at the church at 2:15pm, heading to the march site at 2:30pm.
The program starts starts at 3:00pm.
Brothers, remember this is a GRAND LODGE event, so MASONIC dress is in order!
Posted June 24, 2011 by Central Lodge No. 1 F&AM PHA in Events, General Announcements
Congratulations to Brian Sanchez, our newly-raised Master Mason Leave a comment
Central Lodge No. 1 would like to congratulate our very own Bro. Brian Carlos Sanchez, who was raised to the Sublime degree of Master Mason this past Thursday, June 16, 2011.
Newly-raised Master Masons Steve Downey of Fidelity Lodge No. 55 and Brian Sanchez of Central Lodge No. 1, with special guest William Ellis of Dalton Lodge No. 105.
Prince Hall Masonic Temple at 2201 Central Avenue was the site of the evening's degree, with esteemed Masons representing various Lodges within and outside of Central District in attendance to show their support and Brotherly Love, including Southern Cross Lodge No. 39, Fidelity Lodge No. 55, and Trinity Lodge No. 18. Guests included Central District Deputy Grand Master Cornell Murrell, Grand Lecturer Charles Freeman, with a special visit from Bro. William Ellis of Dalton Lodge No. 105 and founder of BrotherhoodAprons.com.
Born in Manila, Philippines in April 17, 1977, Brian Sanchez moved to Los Angeles, California at the age of three. A devoted husband and father of two beautiful children, Bro. Sanchez moved to Indianapolis in 2010 to work for the Saturday Evening Post magazine as a graphic designer. His talents include graphic design, website design, and illustration, while his passions include philosophy, history, and spirituality. Bro. Sanchez was raised a Master Mason along with Bro. Steve Downey of Fidelity Lodge No. 55.
Central Lodge No. 1 is known for their near-impeccable degree work, but there was something in the air that evening that made the Degree Team out-perform even themselves! By the night's end, the Central Lodge Degree Team received nothing but praise and compliments from all those who had the pleasure to attend.
SW David Bryant, who served as WM for the evening's degree, had this to say:
"I would like to congratulate Bro Sanchez on receiving his 3rd Degree in Masonry, and thank my Degree team for an outstanding job! Central Lodge #1 has a long and proud history in regard to its degree work in this Jurisdiction…and brothas you let you light shine bright last Thursday night!! The "Bar" has been set!!"
Newly-raised Master Mason Brian Sanchez, visited by Georgia's William Ellis of Dalton Lodge No. 105.
Posted June 18, 2011 by Central Lodge No. 1 F&AM PHA in Congratulations
Grand News – Continued from Vol. 1, Issue 2 of the Central Light Newsletter Leave a comment
In accordance with the Grand Master's proclamation, the 155th Annual Grand Communication and session will convene on Friday, July 22, 2011 at 8:00 a.m. at the Wyndham Hotel located at 2544 Executive Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46241 and close on Sunday, July 24, 2011.
All advance registration forms and fees shall be mailed to the Grand Secretary, Charles Vaughn at 5605 E. 38th St., Indianapolis, IN 46218 on/or before July 11, 2011.
Advance Registration:
$75 Non-voting Blue House
$95 Voting Blue House
$95 Non-voting Blue House & OES
$115 Voting Blue House & OES
$10 extra for on-site registration
Prices includes your banquet and scholarship Luncheon tickets.
Extra tickets are as follows:
$18 – Corporate Luncheon
$40 – Awards Banquet
All members attending Grand Session (Voting or Non-Voting) must register and display the proper badge and credentials at all times during session. You must show your paid, up-to-date dues card from your Lodge when requesting voting credentials.
Registration hours at the 155th Annual Communication are:
Thursday, July 21st, 2011	4:00 PM –6:00 PM
Friday, July 22nd, 2011	7:00 AM–9:00 PM
Saturday, July 23rd, 2011	7:00 AM–9:00 AM
Sunday, July 24th, 2011	7:00 AM–9:00 AM
All Checks, money orders and cashier's checks are to be made out to Prince Hall Grand Lodge.
Opening Session begins Friday, July 22nd at 8:00a.m.
Notable agenda items:
Joint Memorial Service.
Friday July 22nd, 2011 at 6:00 P.M.
Full Masonic Regalia include white aprons and gloves.
Grand Lodge 3rd Degree Raising
Saturday 7:00 AM Contact: Deputy Grand Master Otis Dodson at 765-206-0195 if you want to participate or your lodge has candidates for the degree.
Medical Presentation
Saturday 8:30 AM Presented by Dr. Johns
Secretary/Treasurer Work Shop
Saturday 10:00 AM Contact: Grand Secretary Charles Vaughn at 317 546-8062
Posted June 7, 2011 by Central Lodge No. 1 F&AM PHA in Events, General Announcements, News
Merchandise Central — June 7, 2011 Leave a comment
Welcome to our first installment of Central Light Online's Merchandise Central, where we feature some of our new and up-coming products designed by Central Lodge brothers, for Central Lodge brothers. Proceeds of these and any Central Lodge items go directly to fund Central Lodge No. 1 activities, as well as to help keep our Lodge alive and kicking.
Central Lodge No. 1 Mirror License Plates
We just received our initial shipment of Central Lodge No. 1 mirror acrylic license plates, courtesy of Central Lodge's own SW David Bryant and designed by Bro. Brian Sanchez. As you can tell by the photo, the plates feature a mirror-like finish and are of a thick, high quality acrylic material. If you'd like to purchase a custom-made Central Lodge No 1 mirror license plate for your ride, contact SW David Bryant for prices and info. If you aren't receiving any text messages from him by now, then obviously you're not in the loop! LOL. And for more images of the plates, join our Facebook Discussion Group (you'll need to have a Facebook account in order to join). And thank you, PM Willie Wilson, for the photo!
Central Lodge No. 1 Calling Cards
"2B1, Ask1." Designed by Bro. Brian Sanchez, these exclusive Central Lodge No. 1 calling cards are made specifically for those who approach us interested in becoming a Central Lodge Freemason. These heavy card stock cards feature a matte finish and include our new Central Lodge No 1 logo on the front, with our Lodge address, website address, and spaces to write your name, phone number, and personal e-mail on the back. These cards are free for any Central Lodge brother who needs a professional, uniform way of giving potentials our information. Both SW David Bryant and Bro. Brian Sanchez have them in stock. If you need any cards mailed out to you, just e-mail or Facebook message your mailing address to Bro. Sanchez.
Central Lodge No. 1 Custom Ring Proof
Lastly, above is a preview of our exclusive, custom-made Central Lodge No. 1 rings! The image is just a proof and a sample of how the final product will look like. Central Lodge brothers who pre-ordered their rings are lucky, as they paid for them at a discounted price. From here on, these rings (and matching lapel pins), will be sold at our regular "retail" price. Our rings come in either stainless steel or titanium, custom emblem, and include a "gold firing" upgrade (basically, the metal is heated to produce a rich gold color, for those who like gold-colored jewelry). If you were too late to place a pre-order, contact Bro. Brian Sanchez for more info and our new prices. For those who pre-ordered their rings, they should be arriving late July. And thank you to Bro. John E. Morrow of JemsByJEM.com for the high quality craftsmanship!
Coming soon, custom-designed Central Lodge No. 1 T-shirt's, Polo shirts, Dickies brand workmen's shirts, and more! Stay tuned!
Posted June 7, 2011 by Central Lodge No. 1 F&AM PHA in Merchandise Central
Welcome to the Central Light Online blog! Leave a comment
The esteemed brothers of Central Lodge No. 1 humbly welcome you to our new blog, Central Light Online. Our blog will serve the following purposes:
1) To serve as an extension to our printable Central Light Newsletter, which is available for download at our Forms & Documents page, http://centrallodge1.org/docs.html
2) To post news and articles we simply couldn't fit on our newsletter, or in-depth features only briefly summarized on our newsletter;
3) To recap, feature, and promote Central Lodge events, important dates, and special occasions, as well as update the public on all things Central Lodge;
4) Profile a notable Central Lodge brother in our "Central Lodge Brother of the Month" entries;
5) Congratulate the achievements of our Central Lodge brothers, as well as our newly-raised Master Masons; and
6) To give our fellow Central Lodge brothers an outlet where they can share their insight and wisdom to the public.
Lastly, please excuse our blog if it looks a little empty. We are still trying to get get acquainted with it and getting all the kinks out. 🙂 We plan on using our blog as regularly as we can, but in the meantime, please be patient with us.
Posted June 7, 2011 by Central Lodge No. 1 F&AM PHA in General Announcements
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What does a Domino's franchise owner and a dairy farmer have in common? You would be surprised how much we have in common. Shane and Debbie Cole are the owners of Domino's in Little Falls. Shane invited us to the store to see how a pizza is made and share with us how much cheese is used in his store. This afternoon the kids and I took Shane up on his offer. Everett was able to make his very own pizza. I was amazed when Shane told me how much cheese the store goes through. On average 3,000 pounds of cheese a month(that is not a misprint 3,000 lbs a month) 6 different kinds of cheeses are used either on pizzas or all the good stuff at Domino's. Mozzarella being the majority of cheese moved through the store. Two shipments weekly come to the store delivering ingredients. That is a lot of cheese and cheese comes from milk!
Domino's welcomed us with some "cow" art.
The common ground doesn't stop with Shane and Debbie's store needing cheese and Nate and I producing milk which is made into cheese. Shane, Debbie and Nathan are graduates of Little Falls High School 1999. All three of them are raising their families in their hometown. Our children are going to school in Little Falls just like they did. Shane & Debbie and Nathan & I are raising our families in our business. Our Children are there every step of the way. Our children are huge parts of our lives and business. An asset we can not put a value on. While Shane's children are older than Everett, Shane and Debbie's three daughters are working along side their parents gaining more responsibilities every year. I could see the pride in Shane's eyes when he talked about his daughters and how they are involved in the store. Just like when Nate gleams with pride when Everett works with the animals on our farm. As we were there, one of their daughters was busy working. I asked Shane about Pack n'Plays in the office when the girls were little. He smiled and shook his head yes. Dairy farmers work long hard hours. I have never figured out personally how many hours Nate and I put in a week but Shane has figured how many hours a week he needs to have covered at his store. He figures he needs to cover roughly 450 man hours a week. Shane started as a driver at Domino's became a co-owner and finally a sole owner, this is very similar to Nathan working, co-owner and finally sole owner of our farm. Shane and Debbie take pride in everything that leaves the store just like dairy farmers take great pride in the milk we produce. So the next time you grab a slice from Domino's know lots of love, commitment and sacrifices went into a single slice. From the dairy farmer all the way to the pizza oven we are committed to our family, our community and our business.
A great post!!!! You certainly developed your story with the Cole's……Nice job, Brenda!
What a cool experience. And, you have so much in common! I like your photos too.


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Most common autoimmune diseases, including MS, have a latitude gradient in their occurrence, where the further from the equator you are, the more likely you are to develop disease. This is thought to relate to the amount of UV light you are exposed to and therefore how much vitamin D you can make in your skin. Many autoimmune diseases also have similar genetic changes, and some of these shared genes are associated with how the body deals with vitamin D. This points to the importance of the vitamin D pathway in the development of some autoimmune diseases. Yet giving people with MS vitamin D supplements in clinical trials has produced mixed results.
Professor David Booth and his team have previously shown that this is probably because the form of vitamin D used in many trials requires activation in the body before it can have its effects. The genes controlling the activation of this vitamin D may be faulty or inefficient in some people with MS, which could therefore limit the response to oral vitamin D supplements.
Currently there is no way to assess a person's response to vitamin D. This project aims to develop such a test, and to demonstrate that supplementation with active vitamin D avoids the faulty inactivation in MS, providing better protection from disease.
This research will help to ensure that vitamin D supplementation can be tailored to an individual's specific genetic make-up and the most effective treatment for every individual with MS.


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15 Best Things to Do in Watsonville, CA
By VI Staff on January 9, 2022 - Updated
Watsonville City
Watsonville is a charming city along California's Central Coast. Annual special events include the Strawberry Festival, which serves up strawberry-based delicacies, and the Santa Cruz County Fair. More than two dozen public parks are offered throughout the city, with levee trails surrounding the Pajaro River available for use by joggers and bikers. Certain attractions may be temporarily closed or require advance reservations. Some restaurants are currently offering pickup only. Hours/availability may have changed.
1.Gizdich Ranch, Watsonville, CA
© Gizdich Ranch
Gizdich Ranch is a charming historic ranch in Watsonville, founded in 1937 by Croatian immigrant Vincent John Gizdich as an apple orchard and animal farm. Today, the farm is under fourth-generation family management and is open to the public seven days a week during business hours, operating as a pick-your-own-fruit business since the 1960s. Visitors can peruse the faculty's orchards and pick their own berries and apples at their leisure, with pre-picked fruits also available for purchase. More than 16 varieties of year-round and seasonal pies are available at the Eata Nita Pie Shop, including sugar-free pies and holiday pies. Homemade jams and apple juice are also sold, along with unique Olallie hybrid berry flavored ice creams.
55 Peckham Rd, Watsonville CA 95076, Phone: 831-722-1056
2.Sunset State Beach, Watsonville, CA
© motionworks2016/stock.adobe.com
Sunset State Beach is a popular year-round beach on Monterey Bay, stretching approximately one and a half miles west of the city of Watsonville. The beach, which is accessible for a nominal day-use fee, is bordered by Manresa State Beach and is an important nesting habitat for Western snowy plovers, which nest directly within the beach's sands. It serves as a popular fishing spot for striped bass, surf perch, and sardines and offers a remote-control glider port for use throughout the year. Picnic ramadas may be reserved for special event use, with day-use picnic tables available on a bluff overlook near Manresa State Beach. RV and tent camping is permitted at dune-protected family sites, with ranger-led programming offered throughout the summer season, including nature hikes and campfire programming.
Sunset Beach Rd, Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 831-763-7063
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3.Farm Discovery at Live Earth, Watsonville, CA
© Farm Discovery at Live Earth
Farm Discovery at Live Earth is a nonprofit farm educational organization headquartered at Live Earth Farm, a working CSA organic farm that spans 150 acres throughout the Pajaro Valley. The farm strives to empower Watsonville-area residents to develop healthy eating habits and arm regional communities with knowledge of sustainable food and farming practices. Educational programming is offered for youth and families, including field trip opportunities tailored to meet Common Core curriculum standards. A Family Farm Day and Wee Ones event is offered on the first Friday of each month between March and October, encouraging young participants to develop an early relationship with nature and healthy eating. Other programs include homeschool days, children's farm camps, and farm immersion overnight stay events for students.
172 Litchfield Ln., Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 831-728-2032
4.Mount Madonna County Park, Watsonville, CA
© methaphum/stock.adobe.com
Mount Madonna County Park is one of Santa Clara County's most beautiful outdoor recreational areas, spanning more than 4,600 acres throughout the redwood forest areas of the Santa Cruz Mountains. The park, which is located along Highway 152 near the city of Gilroy, offers more than 14 miles of trails for hikers and horseback riders, including a mile-long self-guided nature trail exploring the ruins of the former summer home of cattle rancher Henry Miller. Horseback trail ride excursions are offered at Mount Madonna Stables, while open archery practice is available at a spacious archery range. Overnight camping is available for tents and RVs, with yurt campsites also available with reservation. An amphitheater presents live concerts and special events during the summer months, and a visitor center showcases exhibits on the region's geologic and cultural history.
7850 Pole Line Rd Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 408-842-2341
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5.The Santa Cruz County Fairgrounds, Watsonville, CA
© Gina Sanders/stock.adobe.com
The Santa Cruz County Fairgrounds are the home of the annual Santa Cruz County Fair and Horse Show, which is held over five days in mid-September and brings rides, games, 4H shows, and fantastic fair food vendors to the venue. The fair, which has been held every year since 1885, has been presented at its current fairground location since 1941, incorporating agricultural exhibits the same year. More than 30 annual horse shows are also hosted at the venue each year, including international championship rodeos. A concert venue at the fairgrounds brings in major international pop and rock acts, including renowned performers such as Joan Jett and Whitesnake. Visitors can also rent the historic 1870s Rodgers House for private special events, including weddings and receptions.
2601 E Lake Ave, Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 831-724-5671
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6.Pinto Lake County Park, Watsonville, California
© suparat1983/stock.adobe.com
Pinto Lake County Park is a 183-acre regional park that offers a wide variety of day-use recreational facilities for Watsonville residents and visitors, including a large lake with a fishing pier for public use. A disc golf course is available, along with soccer fields and a reservable baseball field for community games and organizations. Children's playgrounds are available for young visitors, with nature trails surrounding the lake available for walkers and joggers to use daily. Two large picnic pavilions may be reserved for private special events, with a daily drop-in picnic area available for small group use. Other attractions include the public art project Turtle Dove, created by regional artist Robert Castro in cooperation with youth participating in the city's Job Training Partnership Act program.
451 Green Valley Rd, Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 831-728-6194
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7.Skydive Surfcity Santa Cruz
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Skydive Surfcity Santa Cruz is one of California's premiere skydiving companies, located conveniently between the San Francisco and San Jose metro areas in Watsonville. The company offers unique tandem skydiving experiences, perfect for amateur skydivers embarking on beginner jumps to pair with a more experienced diver. Spectacular views of nearby Monterey Bay are offered on all jumps, with views as far away as the Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk and Half Moon Bay offered on clear days. The company prioritizes safety for all customer experiences, with all excursions led by experienced instructors with current certifications. Photo and video opportunities are available to add on to flight packages to preserve dive memories.
160 Aviation Way, Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 831-435-5169
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8.Palm Beach State Park, Watsonville, CA
© AndreaMeling/stock.adobe.com
Palm Beach State Park is a popular day-use area of the beautiful Sunset State Beach, offering a separate entrance for visitors looking to take advantage of grassed-in park facilities during their day at the beach. The Monterey Bay park area is located near the beautiful Pajaro Dunes Resort, overlooking grassy beachfront dune areas that may be hiked as part of self-guided excursions. Fishing is permitted at the park at several areas, with picnic facilities and barbecue grills available for visitor day use. Lifeguards are staffed on duty at the park and beach throughout the summer months, with public restrooms and showers available for use. Dogs are permitted within the beach and park areas on leashes, though they must be kept away from condominiums and personal residences at the nearby resort. Free parking is offered on nearby streets throughout the area.
W Beach Rd and Rio Boca Rd, Watsonville, CA 95076
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9.The Pajaro Valley Historical Association
© The Pajaro Valley Historical Association
The Pajaro Valley Historical Association is Watsonville's premiere historical society, originally established in 1940 to preserve and promote the cultural history of the Monterey Bay region. Since 1997, the nonprofit organization has been headquartered out of the historic Bockius-Orr House, constructed in 1870 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Visitors can explore the home on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday afternoons or by appointment, with a suggested donation requested to help maintain future museum operations. Rotating exhibits are showcased on the home's first floor, including rotating collections of historic military and civilian clothing from the 19th and 20th centuries. The society's research center also showcases a significant collection of local genealogies, civic documents, oral histories, and antique items.
332 East Beach St, Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 831-722-0305
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10.The Agricultural History Project Center and Museum
© The Agricultural History Project Center and Museum
The Agricultural History Project Center and Museum is a nonprofit museum in Watsonville that strives to preserve the agricultural history of the Central California Coast and educate visitors on agriculture's connection to economy and ethnic cultures. The museum, which was founded in 1986 and opened its doors in 2004, is open to the public on the second Saturday of each month during the afternoon hours, with visits available by appointment for small groups Tuesdays through Saturdays. Exhibits span four buildings across 20,000 square feet recreating the everyday farm and ranch experience along the Central Coast during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, detailing farming practices and cultures of the region. Organized exhibits are showcased at the Codiga Center and Museum, with artifacts on display at the Porter Implement Shed and the Snyder Building, and the facility's two-story California-style barn.
2601 East Lake Avenue, Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 831-724-5898
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11.Corralitos Market and Sausage Co., Watsonville, California
© Voyagerix/stock.adobe.com
Corralitos Market and Sausage Co. is a regional meat market in Watsonville open to the public seven days a week, selling a wide variety of fresh and smoked meat products. Though the Corralitos Market dates back to the turn of the 20th century, the current incarnation of the sausage company was founded in 1957 by Joe Cutler, who purchased the market and its smokehouse from former owner Jim Prendergast. Today, the company is a member of the Monterey Bay Certified Farmers Markets association and the California Association of Meat Processors, known for its award-winning smoked sausages, produced in more than 30 varieties. Additional products include marinated chicken, beef, and pork cuts, along with smoked salmon, fresh meat products, and beef jerky.
569 Corralitos Rd, Watsonville, CA 95076, 831-722-2633
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12.Cowboys Corner Cafe, Watsonville, CA
© I-MAGIC/stock.adobe.com
Cowboys Corner Café is a homestyle restaurant in Watsonville, opened to the public in 2006 by Juan and Paula Diaz. The family-owned restaurant strives to craft casual dining favorites with a personal touch, open for breakfast and lunch service daily. Homemade breakfast favorites available beginning at 6:00am include unique varieties of egg scrambles, omelettes, hotcakes, and French toast, along with specialties such as Western-style burritos, ranchero plates, and sausage gravy platters. At lunch, diners can choose from a variety of clever burgers, classic deli sandwiches, and salads, along with specialties such as quesadillas, patty melts, and barbecue chicken. Full children's and senior menus are available, along with a selection of fountain beverages and desserts, including milkshakes and root beer floats.
946 Main St, Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 831-761-8996
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13.Imura Japanese Restaurant, Watsonville, CA
© Imura Japanese Restaurant
Imura Japanese Restaurant is a delicious Asian restaurant in Watsonville, originally opened in 1992 by the Song family. Today, the restaurant serves up a wide variety of Japanese and Asian fusion favorites, including combination bento boxes available at both lunch and dinner. Tempura platters are available, along with beef, chicken, and tofu sukiyaki dinners served with house salads. Teriyaki options range from traditional beef, chicken, salmon, and tofu to chicken katsu, tonkatsu pork cutlets, and chosan tofu with house garlic sauce. An extensive sushi and sashimi menu is also available, along with shioyaki dinners, udon, ramen, and a wide variety of Korean specialty platters, including bibimbap, duk mandu guk, hwe dup bap, and marinated galbi beef short ribs.
1994 Main St, Watsonville, CA 95076, Phone: 831-761-8799
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14.Cilantro's Parrilla Y Cantina, Watsonville, CA
© Cilantro's Parrilla Y Cantina
Cilantro's Parrilla Y Cantina is a modern Mexican-style restaurant in Watsonville serving up award-winning cuisine following in the tradition of Santa Cruz's popular El Palomar restaurant. The restaurant, which utilizes authentic family recipes crafted with fresh, high-quality ingredients, is open to the public for brunch, lunch, and dinner service Tuesdays through Sundays. Traditional Mexican favorites served include specialty enchiladas, fajitas, burritos, tostadas, and chile rellenos, with combination platters available. At brunch, diners can choose from south-of-the-border favorites such as huevos rancheros, chilaquiles, and gringo breakfasts with ribeye steak. Draft beer, local wine, and Mexican-style cocktails are available at the restaurant's cantina, which hosts live entertainment on the weekends.
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Gizdich Ranch, Watsonville, CA, Photo: Gizdich Ranch
Sunset State Beach, Watsonville, CA, Photo: motionworks2016/stock.adobe.com
Farm Discovery at Live Earth, Watsonville, CA, Photo: Farm Discovery at Live Earth
Mount Madonna County Park, Watsonville, CA, Photo: methaphum/stock.adobe.com
The Santa Cruz County Fairgrounds, Watsonville, CA, Photo: Gina Sanders/stock.adobe.com
Pinto Lake County Park, Watsonville, California, Photo: suparat1983/stock.adobe.com
Skydive Surfcity Santa Cruz, Photo: yuzver85/stock.adobe.com
Palm Beach State Park, Watsonville, CA, Photo: AndreaMeling/stock.adobe.com
The Pajaro Valley Historical Association, Photo: The Pajaro Valley Historical Association
The Agricultural History Project Center and Museum, Photo: The Agricultural History Project Center and Museum
Corralitos Market and Sausage Co., Watsonville, California, Photo: Voyagerix/stock.adobe.com
Cowboys Corner Cafe, Watsonville, CA, Photo: I-MAGIC/stock.adobe.com
Imura Japanese Restaurant, Watsonville, CA, Photo: Imura Japanese Restaurant
Cilantro's Parrilla Y Cantina, Watsonville, CA, Photo: Cilantro's Parrilla Y Cantina
Cover Photo: Watsonville City
Sanka Mochan Hanuman Temple
Sanka Mochan Hanuman Temple is a sacred Hindu temple located at the Mount Madonna Center, a volunteer-run community center in Watsonville originally established in 1978. The temple was established in 2003 by practicing silent monk Baba Hari Dass, who hails from northern India's Kumaon region. The temple is open to the public between 6:00am and 7:00pm daily, with worship reservations required on weekends and holidays. Food, alcohol, smoking, and cell phones are prohibited within the temple to preserve its peaceful atmosphere. The Mount Madonna Center is also home to a number of retreat and community center facilities for yoga and wellness, along with an accredited private K-12 school and a post-secondary collegiate institute for yoga and ayurveda students.
445 Summit Road, Watsonville CA 95076, Phone: 408-722-0226
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Knowing friends and family over the years who have had their lives completely changed by cancer has drawn me to oncology massage. Many have mounting healthcare costs and loss of work so massage seems out of reach for them. The pay-it-forward fund allows me to continue providing massage for my many dedicated long term clients and new oncology clients while at the same time I can continue to make a living. Two local pay it forward programs inspired me to start a fund to make massage accessible to patients.
For many years I noticed a Pay-it-Forward black board at Isador's Organics right here in Oxford MA. Customers could donate money and then others could redeem a juice or a sandwich whenever needed. I thought it was an easy way to make a small donation for someone in need. Then last year I read an article in a massage trade publication about a local massage therapist from Westborough MA who had a fund to help her oncology patients pay for much needed massages. I thought her idea was wonderful and contacted Megan Belanger and asked her about her Touch of Kindness program knowing I would be adding oncology massage to my practice.
I have a separate bank account just for the pay it forward funds. All you have to do is donate any amount by cash or check and the donation goes directly into this account. I will update the amount in the fund each week so at any time you can see on my website how much is available. Anyone can contribute to this pool of resources, and anyone can use money from the fund toward treatment sessions with me. No questions asked. You can use whatever amount you'd like toward the cost of a session.
Please consider donating today. No amount is too small.
I am grateful every day for the support of all my dedicated clients.


Local treatments such as surgery and radiation therapy are given to treat the invasive ductal carcinoma itself and any nearby areas that may be affected by cancer, such as the chest and lymph nodes.
People with invasive ductal carcinoma need surgery not only to remove the breast tumor itself, but also to confirm whether or not cancer is in the lymph nodes. You will work with your doctor to determine what type of surgery is right for you, based on the stage and grade of the cancer and other factors specific to your situation.
In most cases, surgery is the first treatment for invasive ductal carcinoma. However, if the tumor is large or the cancer has spread to many lymph nodes or other parts of the body, treatments such as chemotherapy or hormonal therapy may be given first to shrink the cancer.
Lumpectomy: The surgeon removes only the tumor (the "lump") and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it. Sometimes, axillary (underarm) lymph nodes are removed for examination.
Partial or segmental mastectomy (sometimes also called quadrantectomy): The surgeon removes the portion, or segment, of the breast that contains the tumor. In some cases, up to one-quarter of the breast needs to be removed. Depending on your situation, your doctor may want to also remove some lymph nodes.
Total or simple mastectomy: Removal of the breast tissue only, without removal of the lymph nodes or any muscle tissue beneath the breast.
Modified radical mastectomy: Surgery to remove the breast, the lining of the chest wall muscle, and some of the lymph nodes under the arm.
In another type of mastectomy called radical mastectomy, all of the muscle under the breast would also be removed. However, radical mastectomy is not often done today because the more limited forms of this surgery generally are just as effective.
If you are having a mastectomy, you may decide you want to have breast reconstruction as well. This is additional surgery to rebuild the breast. Breast reconstruction often can be done at the time of mastectomy, or it can be done at a later date. You can talk with your surgeon about what is best for your individual situation.
As you plan for surgery, your surgeon may also talk with you about removing one or several of your lymph nodes to find out if cancer cells have traveled there. If they have, there is a greater chance that the cancer could have traveled to other parts of the body. The lymph nodes are part of the body's "filtration system," removing bacteria and other foreign substances from the body. Breast cancer cells can make their way to the lymph nodes under the arm, which offer them a pathway to other parts of the body. Knowing whether or not the lymph nodes have any breast cancer cells in them is important in selecting the best treatment.
Sentinel lymph node dissection: In this procedure, your surgeon looks for the very first lymph node — the "sentinel node" — that filters fluid draining away from the area of the breast that contains the cancer. If cancer cells are breaking away from the tumor and traveling away from your breast through the lymph system, the sentinel lymph node is more likely than other lymph nodes to contain cancer. The surgeon uses a special radioactive substance or dye to identify that first node and the couple of nodes where it drains. These nodes are then removed and sent for examination by a pathologist. If the lymph nodes are cancer-free, no further surgery is necessary. If cancer is found, then more lymph nodes in the armpit need to be removed, either now or at a later date.
Sentinel lymph node dissection is a relatively new approach, so it's important to have it done by a surgical team experienced in this technique. It may be right for you if your surgeon has reason to believe that none or just a few of your lymph nodes are likely to be affected.
Axillary lymph node dissection: The surgeon removes a group of lymph nodes from under the arm to examine them for any signs of cancer. After surgery, he or she will tell you whether any lymph nodes had cancer cells in them and if so, how extensive the cancer was in each node.
One risk with axillary node dissection is the development of arm lymphedema, or swelling caused by backup of lymph fluid in the arm. Sentinel node biopsy carries a lower risk of lymphedema. There are many ways to reduce the risk of lymphedema or manage it if it does develop.
Radiation therapy directs high-energy rays at the breast, chest area, under the arm, and/or the collarbone area to destroy any invasive ductal carcinoma cells that may be left behind. This treatment also reduces the risk of recurrence (the cancer coming back). Radiation therapy is most often recommended after surgeries that conserve healthy breast tissue, such as lumpectomy and partial mastectomy. Radiation therapy may be recommended after mastectomy as well, especially if the tumor was large (over 5 centimeters) and/or the lymph nodes were involved.
External beam radiation uses a machine called a linear accelerator to deliver the radiation therapy. The treatments are directed to the entire breast after lumpectomy, to the area of skin and muscle where mastectomy was done, and possibly to any areas where lymph nodes were involved. Treatment is given daily for about 5 to 7 weeks.
Internal partial-breast irradiation, also called brachytherapy, is a form of treatment in which radioactive materials such as seeds or pellets are temporarily placed in or near where the tumor was removed.
External partial-breast irradiation is a method of external beam radiation that zeroes in on the area around where the cancer was. This area is at highest risk of recurrence. Partial-breast radiation takes only 5 to 10 days for treatment, versus 5 to 7 weeks for whole breast radiation.
Researchers are studying partial-breast radiation for use after lumpectomy to see how the benefits compare to the current standard of radiation to the whole breast. Because this technique is still under investigation, it is not yet widely available.
You and your doctor can work together to determine what form of radiation therapy is best for you.


text:
Q: Body of Request in express bodyParse coming up as "{}", even though jQuery is sending data I'm creating an application, and I want to make an ajax request. I have node.js with express and bodyparse on the server-side, and jQuery on the client side:
$.ajax({
url: "/sign-up",
type: "POST",
data: {
test: "Hello"
},
complete() {
console.log('process complete');
},
success(data) {
console.log(data);
console.log('process sucess');
},
error() {
console.log('process error');
}
});

As you can see, I'm sending data over AJAX with jQuery. Now, on the server side, I have:
app.post("/sign-up", (req, res) => {
    console.log("THE POST HAPPENED!", req.body.test);
    res.send(req.body);
});

However, req.body is {}, and does not contain my data.
And I'm using body parse middleware:
app.use(bodyParser.json());

Why isn't the request body containing the data I posted?
To help, here are my request and response headers:
Request Headers:
Accept: /
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 10
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
Cookie: io=yiZgsQLgJQcZnu4rAAAF
Host: localhost:3000
Origin: http://localhost:3000
Referer: http://localhost:3000/?username=N8User&user-type=Student
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.103 Mobile Safari/537.36
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Response Headers:
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 2
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Date: Thu, 25 Apr 2019 22:26:04 GMT
ETag: W/"2-vyGp6PvFo4RvsFtPoIWeCReyIC8"
X-Powered-By: Express

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.db import migrations
import django.db.models.deletion
import mptt.fields

class Migration(migrations.Migration):

    dependencies = [
        ('webmarks_bookmarks', '0002_auto_20170722_1208'),
    ]

    operations = [
        migrations.AlterField(
            model_name='folder',
            name='parent',
            field=mptt.fields.TreeForeignKey(blank=True, null=True, on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='children', to='webmarks_bookmarks.Node'),
        ),
    ]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Nicely done Solitaire as in windows.
Transport in the cities it is often very busy and therefore there is a need to inspect it and keep using the traffic light. As a dispatcher at busy intersections you will have the task of maintaining the smooth operation and summon assistance vehicles in distress and prevent every kind of danger.
Be the star of pop music is not just the lightest. Many fanoušku wants to get to their idol, and they therefore need people who are well come. And therefore, you've got you - whether as a friend, girlfriend or bodyguard. Your task is simple, not to let the crazy fans get to your star.
Fight against the zombies, but they are highly resistant and one morning on the killing is really not enough. Try to shoot as quickly as possible, because come next. In the game there are zmutovaní dogs, who run much faster and are more agile. Therefore, be careful on every corner.


Are you looking to help your community while also helping yourself? The Old Forge Fire Department/ Ambulance Corp is looking to recruit new members!
Membership opportunities range from firefighter or EMT, to ambulance drivers and fire police, as well as being a member on our dive team.
Whether you're in high school or in retirement, we have a job for you!
There is no experience necessary, as exceptional training for every position is provided to all members free of charge.
When the call for help goes out, it's our duty to answer and help those in their time of need.
This is an extremely rewarding duty that requires training, teamwork and timing.
Being part of the fire department is more than just training and responding to those in need, it's like joining a second, large family and there is no better feeling than to know your brothers and sisters have your back.
If you would like more information on how you can "answer the call," contact a member of the Old Forge Fire Department, or stop in during our Open House on April 24, from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m.
This entry was posted in admin and tagged Open Letter to the community on April 21, 2016 by Gina Greco.


Home » Easter » Rejoice — He is Risen!
In the midst of such celebration, I find myself thinking about the experience of the disciples during the final hours before Jesus' passion and the first days following his resurrection. As Catholics, we don't skip over those experiences in the race to celebrate Easter. Begining with Palm Sunday, we spend an entire week remembering those crucial events of salvation history, as well as the promises and prophecies that were fulfilled during that week so long ago. From the excitement of seeing Jesus greeted with hosannas and hailed as the one who had been so long expected as he entered Jerusalem in a procession, to the devastation of his death as a condemned criminal in a place of public execution, his followers then and now experience a roller-coaster of emotions. By the time we reach Holy Saturday morning, there is a certain emotional numbness that sets in. What more could there be that will happen?
On Holy Saturday morning, I usually feel a bit detached and quiet. There's so much to be done before Easter Vigil and then Sunday morning's celebration. Yet there is that numbness that follows Good Friday's liturgy and the recognition of what happened to Jesus, as well as what continues to happen to so many who follow his lead in serving the poor and announcing God's command that we love and care for each other and our world.
Anyone who has experienced the death of a loved one knows the numbness that follows. Whether death was the final moment of a long or painful illness, or release from a period of mental/physical decline, or the peaceful final breath of a person who has lived long and well, those who remain experience a certain emotional pain and numbness to other concerns and activities. When death occurs unexpectedly, through violence or accident, the devastation is extraordinarily powerful. We question how God could let something like that happen. We may yell at God or turn away. We may also turn to each other in faith: giving and receiving support.
For the disciples on that Saturday morning, when they couldn't even hold a proper funeral for Jesus, I suspect "numb" would not begin to describe the way they felt. Their hopes and expectations had been dashed. They feared for their own lives. They didn't know how they would ever be able to face their families and friends, many of whom had probably warned them against leaving home and jobs to follow an itinerant preacher around the country. Unlike our experience, based as it is on knowledge of the Easter event, there was no hope of redemption in the suffering they were experiencing or that Jesus had endured.
Yet into the midst of this experience, on the first day of the week, the women took spices to the tomb and discovered that death cannot hold the author of life in its snares. The stone had been rolled away; the tomb was empty; angels asked why they sought the living among the dead; Jesus met them in the garden and sent them to tell the others that he was risen and would meet them in Galilee. The news was greeted with disbelief. The women must be mad with grief, maybe a bit hysterical. The men went to see and discovered for themselves that the women had not been mistaken about the tomb: it was definitely empty. Later that day, Jesus came into the locked room where his disciples were gathered: fear and sorrow had by this point been joined by confused concern about the story told by the women and others who claimed to have seen the Lord. He invited them to touch him. He ate with them. He instructed them about the new reality that had burst forth into their world and all of creation. Life does not end with physical death. God is not defeated. We are children of God who will share in new life forever.
The numbness of loss turns to the numb wonder of gain. Could it really be true? Could God really love us that totally? Can all be forgiven? Does life continue unended? Is death really a passage into newer, more abundant life? Are we really the ones who will bring the good news of this reality to our world?
If all of this is true, and with the early Christians we believe it is, then thankful rejoicing is the most appropriate response. So we move from the rejoicing in a promise of earthly power (Palm Sunday processions), through the mandate to serve each other and feast on the Lord's own Body and Blood (Holy Thursday), into the mystery of death (Good Friday), and out the other side to the assurance of new, more abundant, unlimited life in the Resurrection. For this we shout, Alleluia! Rejoice and be glad! The Lord is risen, He is ruly risen!
Happy Easter – all fifty days of it!


text:
Q: Interference-free integration tests on a build server I have been facing a problem for several months now where I did not yet find a satisfactory solution to. In the system I am working with, build jobs from various pipelines are all executed on the same build server. The jobs triggered for my codebase include integration tests that require docker containers to be running for databases and things like that, as well as local web servers. On my local machine, this is not an issue, because I can make sure that these things can run. On the build server, that is not the case. Sometimes addresses are already taken or certain write permissions are not given etc. To my knowledge, for languages like Java, managers and frameworks like Maven and Spring help with the low level details of orchestration, so tests like this can run smoothly. For Python, I did not find nicely integrated tools. I messed around with auxiliary modules like pytest_docker_compose, but the solution is still too fragile. My  next idea was to just run all tests with their dependencies such as web servers and other docker containers in a dedicated testing-container. But turns out, that also does not look like a good idea upon researching this further.
What is a solid, interference-free solution to run integration tests for Python that require other services to be running on the host? Are there frameworks for Python that take over the orchestration for such a scenario?


Looking for a Quality Trailer?
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Made from the finest steel and aluminum, CM Trailers builds trailers with the needs of horse men and women in mind.


text:
Search Results: 1 - 10 of 220541 matches for " Célestin Elock Son "
Supply Chain Risk Management: A Review of Thirteen Years of Research [PDF]
Célestin Elock Son
American Journal of Industrial and Business Management (AJIBM) , 2018, DOI: 10.4236/ajibm.2018.812154
Abstract: This paper performs a systematic literature review on supply chain risk management (SCRM). This review analyzes 133 articles published between 2005 and the first quarter of 2018. Its main purpose is to identify the developed strategies used to mitigate risks and improve supply chain performance. It appears that there is heterogeneity in the developed strategies and that quantitative methods simulation/modeling are the most used by researchers to mitigate supply chain risks (SCR). Although emphasis is made on the links between SCRM and performance or resilience, risk prevention strategies remain the least represented in the papers analyzed. We also find that there is no superior approach in the set of various risks management strategies and thus it is difficult to linearly establish, the successive evolutions of the models that would replace others.
Normativity and the Problem of Look in the Emergence of Citizen Journalism [PDF]
Célestin Messanga Obama
Advances in Journalism and Communication (AJC) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/ajc.2016.41001
Abstract: Citizen journalism (in French Journalisme citoyen) is a form of journalism exercised by the public (the readers, the audiences and tele-viewers), specifically on the internet. Theoretically, it could be seen as a kind of revolution within the public getting into a trade long held jealously mainly by conventional journalists. What accounts for the fact that a trade, whose mastery requires training on its techniques and specific norms, gets invaded by untutored minds? That appears to be the central issue we are seeking to resolve in this article. We go from the hypothesis that citizen journalism has developed as a result of the publics' lack of satisfaction, both at quantitative and qualitative levels with the delivery of conventional journalism. In effect, conventional journalism raises myriad issues that require the consumers to proceed to a kind of selection, which itself could be a problem. However, by their nature, issues that constitute news are complex, and this leads to some manipulation in their treatment. These two axes appear to reveal the main sources of discord between conventional journalism and revolted-publics.
Future Extremes Temperature: Trends and Changes Assessment over the Mono River Basin, Togo (West Africa) [PDF]
Lawin Agnidé Emmanuel, Lamboni Batablinlè, Manirakiza Célestin, Kamou Hodabalo
Journal of Water Resource and Protection (JWARP) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2019.111006
Abstract: This study assessed the extreme temperatures trends and changes over Mono River Basin under the highest greenhouse gas emission scenario RCP8.5. Simulations of five (5) regional climate models (RCMs) provided by Africa-CORDEX program were selected from the eighth (8) considered. Future trends in temperature percentiles, including extremes, are used to assess changes in the distribution of daily temperature over Mono Basin in Togo. Changes of temperature and Extreme low (high) temperatures from the baseline period 1961-2010 were computed for future (2051-2100). This analysis reveals that in the north of the basin, for the positive trends, the maximum is 0.82°C·year-1 given by model MPI-ESM2 at Tchamba while the strongest negative change is 0.26°C·year-1 given by model MIROC at Sotouboua. In the south of the basin, the strongest negative trend is of 0.03°C·year-1 given by model (A) CNRM-CMA5. The maximum ones of the trends for models-mean are all positive except at Anié. Higher percentiles of minimum and maximum temperature will increase at a greater rate than the lower percentiles during dry and rainy seasons (with differences more pronounced for maximum values) over the north. Concerning future changes, almost all the RCMs predicted an increase of maximum and minimum temperatures over most parts of the Mono Basin, particularly in the north. Finally, results predicted an increase of TX90P (TX10P) and TN90P (TN10P) from 10% to 45% (13% to 40%) and 0% to 35% (12% Mean value), respectively over Mono Basin.
Quelles lois essentielles pour la République Démocratique du Congo ?
Célestin Kabuya-Lumuna
Fédéralisme-Régionalisme , 2005,
On multivariate associated kernels for smoothing general density functions
Célestin C. Kokonendji,Sobom M. Somé
Statistics , 2015,
Abstract: Multivariate associated kernel estimators, which depend on both target point and bandwidth matrix, are appropriate for partially or totally bounded distributions and generalize the classical ones as Gaussian. Previous studies on multivariate associated kernels have been restricted to product of univariate associated kernels, also considered having diagonal bandwidth matrices. However, it is shown in classical cases that for certain forms of target density such as multimodal, the use of full bandwidth matrices offers the potential for significantly improved density estimation. In this paper, general associated kernel estimators with correlation structure are introduced. Properties of these estimators are presented; in particular, the boundary bias is investigated. Then, the generalized bivariate beta kernels are handled with more details. The associated kernel with a correlation structure is built with a variant of the mode-dispersion method and two families of bandwidth matrices are discussed under the criterion of cross-validation. Several simulation studies are done. In the particular situation of bivariate beta kernels, it is therefore pointed out the very good performance of associated kernel estimators with correlation structure compared to the diagonal case. Finally, an illustration on real dataset of paired rates in a framework of political elections is presented.
Discrete Dispersion Models and Their Tweedie Asymptotics
Bent J?rgensen,Célestin C. Kokonendji
Abstract: We introduce a class of two-parameter discrete dispersion models, obtained by combining convolution with a factorial tilting operation, similar to exponential dispersion models which combine convolution and exponential tilting. The equidispersed Poisson model has a special place in this approach, whereas several overdispersed discrete distributions, such as the Neyman Type A, P\'olya-Aeppli, negative binomial and Poisson-inverse Gaussian, turn out to be Poisson-Tweedie factorial dispersion models with power dispersion functions, analogous to ordinary Tweedie exponential dispersion models with power variance functions. Using the factorial cumulant generating function as tool, we introduce a dilation operation as a discrete analogue of scaling, generalizing binomial thinning. The Poisson-Tweedie factorial dispersion models are closed under dilation, which in turn leads to a Poisson-Tweedie asymptotic framework where Poisson-Tweedie models appear as dilation limits. This unifies many discrete convergence results and leads to Poisson and Hermite convergence results, similar to the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem, respectively. The dilation operator also leads to a duality transformation which in some cases transforms overdispersion into underdispersion and vice-versa. Many of the results have multivariate analogues, and in particular we consider a class of multivariate Poisson-Tweedie models, a multivariate notion of over- and underdispersion, and a multivariate zero-inflation index.
Effects of associated kernels in nonparametric multiple regressions
Sobom M. Somé,Célestin C. Kokonendji
Abstract: Associated kernels have been introduced to improve the classical continuous kernels for smoothing any functional on several kinds of supports such as bounded continuous and discrete sets. This work deals with the effects of combined associated kernels on nonparametric multiple regression functions. Using the Nadaraya-Watson estimator with optimal bandwidth matrices selected by cross-validation procedure, different behaviours of multiple regression estimations are pointed out according the type of multivariate associated kernels with correlation or not. Through simulation studies, there are no effect of correlation structures for the continuous regression functions and also for the associated continuous kernels; however, there exist really effects of the choice of multivariate associated kernels following the support of the multiple regression functions bounded continuous or discrete. Applications are made on two real datasets.
Contribution of Dermatopathology in the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Diseases in C?te d'Ivoire [PDF]
Kouadio Célestin Ahogo, Kouame Kanga, Ange Sylvain Allou, Sylvanus Koui, Bitti Adé Odo
Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications (JCDSA) , 2017, DOI: 10.4236/jcdsa.2017.74028
Abstract: Introduction: Dermatopathology is a fundamental complementary examination for the diagnosis of certain skin conditions when the clinic is hesitant. We therefore initiated this work in order to determine the contribution of dermatopathology in the diagnostic management of certain dermatoses at the Treichville University Hospital Centre of Abidjan. Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study with data collection from medical records in the dermatology-venereology and pathological anatomy departments of the Treichville University Hospital Centre. Results: We included and analyzed 184 patients with a sex ratio of 1.2. 46.2% of lesions were generalized with 2% mucosal localization. Erythematosquamous lesions (24.45%) and papules (22.82%) were the most biopsied lesions. The single biopsy sample accounted for 71.2% of the cases and the lesion size ranged from 0.5 cm to 10 cm. Biopsy parts of the lesion alone accounted for 65.2% versus 34.8% for those straddling healthy skin and lesion. Histological diagnosis was established in 91.3%. Kaposi disease accounted for 14.9% of cases followed by psoriasis 11.3%. In the case of three diagnostic hypotheses, the concordance was 84.8%. It was 76.6% for two hypotheses mentioned and 52.3% for a single hypothesis. Conclusion: This work shows that in more than half of the cases, the clinical hypotheses and the histological diagnosis match. It suggests however to continue the training of dermatologists to improve the skin biopsies and invites to initiate clinicopathological confrontations to better refine the
Dermatomyositis: Epidemio-Clinical Profile, Therapeutic and Evolutive Aspects in C?te d'Ivoire [PDF]
Kouadio Célestin Ahogo, Kanga Kouame, Kouassi Yao Isidore, Kouassi Kouamé Alexandre, Allou Ange Sylvain
Abstract: Introduction: Dermatomyositis is a rare pathology with severe prognosis. Its prevalence varies from one part of the earth to another and its clinical aspects are multiple. In Western countries, they have been the subject of several studies. However few studies have been devoted to this disease in sub-Saharan Africa. We initiated this work to contribute to a better knowledge of dermatomyositis in our work context. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study carried out in the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital Center of Treichville from January 2006 to December 2015. All Patients with dermatomyositis have been taken into account in the study. Results: The hospital prevalence of dermatomyositis in our work was 1.38%. The age of our patients ranged from 11 to 79 years with an average of 41 years. The sex ratio was 0.48. The delay before the first consultation ranged from 1 week to 1 year 9 months with an average of 5 months. Cutaneous manifestations were the first signs observed including post-in-flammatory hyperpigmentation and erythro-eodema. Muscular manifestations were dominated by muscular pain (81.08%). muscular enzymes were consistently elevated in biological examinations. The duration of hospitalization was 3 weeks in average. Oral corticotherapy (94.59%) was the most used therapy. A clinical improvement was observed on average 4 months after treatment. The death rate was 16.22%. Conclusion: Dermatomyositis is infrequent in C
Epidemio-Clinical Profile of Skin Conditions in Pediatric Dermatology Consultation of the University Hospital of Treichville [PDF]
Kouadio Célestin Ahogo, Kouamé Kanga, Kouassi Kouamé Alexandre, Allou Ange Sylvain, Enoh Jacob, Balliet Gbiagohi Sandrine
Abstract: Introduction: Dermatoses are common in the pediatric population. They have certain particularities such as the prevalence of the diaper dermatitis and genetic disorders. Paediatric dermatological problems are common, with some conditions requiring specialist consultation. Often appropriate diagnosis and therapy are sometime delayed in certain countries. Few studies have focused on pediatric aspects of skin diseases in Côte d'Ivoire. We initiated this work to contribute to a better knowledge of pediatric skin conditions in our work context. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional prospective, descriptive and analytical study carried out in the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital of Treichville from January 2015 to December 2017. Data from the study were collected on a survey card that included socio-demographic characteristics and clinical aspects. All children with cutaneous and mucosal disease seen in pediatric dermatology consultation have been taken into account in the study. Results: 11,487 patients were seen in dermatology consultation during the period of our study with only 302 children, a prevalence of 2.6%. The sex ratio was 0.9. The main reason for consultation was pruritus (22.65%). In 63.9% of the cases the child was referred by a family member whereas more than 1/3 of the children (39.07%) had previously been consulted by a pediatrician. Among children referred with a skin diagnosis, the half had a correct diagnosis The most prevalent disorders by category were dermatitis (57.9%) and infections (29.5%). Multiple diagnosis were made in 9.27% of the patients. The most common pathologies encountered were prurigo (23.2%), scabies (12.9%) and atopic dermatitis (9.6%). The lesions were mainly located on the head (23.31%) and the lower limbs (20.51%). In almost all cases (99.3%), the diagnosis was essentially clinical. Conclusion: Pediatric dermatoses are numerous and varied. They are dominated by Prurigo and Scabies. This study invites for close collaboration between pediatricians and dermatologists in order to optimize their therapeutic management. The knowledge


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Paparazzi Ethnography | Cultural Anthropology of Fleeting Phenomena
Paparazzi Ethnography
Cultural Anthropology of Fleeting Phenomena
« ♣ Oslo
The Opening of a New Ocean »
♣ Det Norske Veritas
October 19, 2012 by Samantha Catalyst
I gave a talk at Det Norske Veritas (DNV) about my research on energy consulting, by invitation of Bradd Libby who works in an Arctic research section of the organization.
Bradd and I met in January at the Arctic Frontiers conference in Tromsø.
It was then that I first heard him mention DNV's interest in Arctic specific research, from climate change impacts to practical experiments for determining the quantity of ice build up on ocean vessels in Arctic conditions.
In 2011, at the Oslo Energy Forum in Holmenkollen, I met DNV chief executive officer Henrik O. Madsen, PhD, businessman and engineer. Henrik, for several nights, was emcee to the delight of attendees. Here is a photograph of Henrik on stage delivering a summary of the days events.
DNV is a "classification society" serving as a foundation for "Safeguarding life, property, and the environment". The organization evaluates technical conditions of merchant vessels and provides services for managing risk. The company was retained by the US government for investigating the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. 300 offices in 100 countries, 10,000 employees focusing on transport, energy, health care — its reach is comprehensive.
I had planned a talk on Historical Change in Visualization, when, over drinks the evening prior, Torild Nissen Lie, also of DNV, mentioned that my observations on how firms communicate would be of interest.
It was advice from a fortune cookie.
After drinks, I went back to the hotel and re-wrote my presentation to focus on how consulting firms create Communities of Interpretation.
A similar occurrence happened last week.
On the evening prior to my presentation before U. Tromsø faculty, Sidsel Saugestad, over a whisky, pointed out that I should drop the Visualization topic and lead with an ethnographic presentation.
Traipsing back to the computer keyboard, I reworked everything hours before presenting.
Thankfully, the two outcomes were the same. Both presentations turned out to be crowd pleasers. Phew!
But that is getting ahead of myself. On the morning of my DNV presentation, with travel directions from Bradd, I hopped a cab to Oslo central station suddenly realizing that I left my camera in the hotel room.
I hopped out and told the driver to circle the hotel and meet me at the entrance. Typically, I use the I-Phone camera, but had forgotten the charging cord in Tromsø, and would now rely on a point-and-shoot.
Lucky that I remembered.
There were so many interesting interior images I wanted to capture, including Bradd's bricoleur constructions for carrying out experiments, which included assembling locally bought hardware store items (funnel, duct tape, screws, plastic pipe) into a capturing device for measuring sea spray — for placement on a research vessel.
But I refrained from taking photos as it was the first time we had all gotten together more formally.
The DNV "campus" — as folks including myself refer to the layout of buildings, is located on a knoll, that slides down into a cove located on the Oslo Fjord.
It is the site of an old glass factory, with the buildings now refurbished serving different purposes. The town is Høvik, a suburban center, west end of Oslo, in the municipality of Bærum, the latter noted for having the highest income per capita in Norway, highest proportion of university-educated individuals, and most fashionable residential areas.
During this time of year, autumn, the DNV campus is beautiful and reminded me of two other places, Belvedere Island, Tiburon, California, where I grew up, and Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, New York, where I visited friends while an undergraduate at Columbia University. These towns are located on inlets, surrounded by deciduous trees, and whose forms of artificiality and enlightenment contrast that of the university form.
One of the first persons with whom I was introduced was T. K., who among other duties, served as one of the lead authors of the Barents 2020, a 300-page report assessing international standards for safe exploration, production, and transportation of oil and gas in the Barents Sea.
Five years in the making, the report creates knowledge from a working relationship with Russian counterparts and Western European specialists.
Efforts such as the Barents 2020 impress.
It is a reference document for the sciences, as evidenced last week at U. Tromsø, where scientists submitting proposals to the Research Council Norway Polar Program, cited the report in requests for further study on oil and gas development, a point I conveyed to T.K.
But discussion of the report also offered an opportunity to discuss DNV's working relationship with VNIIGAZ, the scientific research institute of Russian natural gas giant GAZPROM.
T.K. acknowledged that there is generally an issue over the lack of knowledge sharing with Russian counterparts. Yet, he also stated that the knowledge issue is not so difficult as long as you maintain continual contact over the long term and settle in and familiarize yourself with the data on-site.
I had a chance to meet with Bradd's team members all of whom held science and engineering backgrounds and are for the most part in their 30s and early 40s.
Present at my talk were about 18 persons. That we had been discussing the techno-science role of DNV, I decided to begin my talk by paraphrasing a passage from Norbert Elias in which he points out that 18th century court society developed an extraordinarily sensitive feeling for the status and importance that should be attributed to persons on the basis of speech, manner or appearance.
My work deals with appearances, which serve as an instrument of self-assertion and social differentiation, the display of rank through outward form. As such, I wanted to prepare folks for what was coming.
Bradd was funny. He introduced me by giving his own stereotype of what cultural anthropologists do, describing us as wearing wide rimmed hats and hanging out in tropical villages ("but in this case Arthur studies people like us!").
So we laughed and that was a good beginning.
I presented a combination of works, referring to recent manuscripts which can be accessed on my StudioPolar.com site.
A unique occurrence that took place, or at least I thought it was indicative of the general interest in my talk: at 2PM Fridays, the group typically meets for a wine bottle lottery and candy share. Whomever wins the wine bottle, brings candy the next week, or something of that design. At any rate, we began at 1PM and I was advised that nearer to 2PM — I could expect folks departing for the friday mini-celebration.
To my surprise — and I had hoped only to speak 40 minutes but actually ended at 1:55PM — most folks stayed and asked questions until about 2:20PM, which I found gratifying.
The questions were good. One question concerned whether I was making too many generalizations, based upon a case study of natural gas restructuring in North America. Or rather, whether my entire presentation was too general.
And this was an accurate critique, in the sense that I was introducing, ambitiously, at least 7 points in my talk, referring to a historical shift in visualization toward more abstract forms of interpretation; the role of energy consultants in creating consensus among competing parties; the role of government after the OPEC embargo in creating institutions that could collect data that would provide independent firms to thrive; the general point about a semantic collapse in national energy systems during the 1980s; and the overall collapse of 3 historical autonomous forms of Knowledge and Human Interests, as once laid out by Jurgen Habermas but which now represents, under environmental sciences, a combination of prediction, vision, and ethics — Really, quite a lot to cover in less than one hour.
Looking back, I should have stated that what I do is a combination of Historical Constructivism and Philosophical Empiricism and that a statement of such at the beginning would probably have cleared up things.
But instead, I responded by appealing to empirical grounds, stating yes, the European condition is quite different (regulation, technical aspects of pipes, marketing), but that in general, the Western European and American case can — as a general form, be considered unique, in comparison to, say, the Middle Eastern form, which still regards visuals as truthful when shown in an immediacy of the recognizable image, which, for those in the room at any rate, can only be grasped as falsity.
But it was a good point.
Another set of issues surrounded the performativity of visuals, whether consultants can do more than justify an independent stance over development or whether they can perform certain futures. Here, I demurred and provided a 3-point answer: all of the above.
There was a question over whether emancipation of the earth was simply anthropomorphizing the planet. Again, to speak otherwise would bring us back into a Weberian conception of science as a vocation (a separation of the current collapse of knowledge and human interests). That was my response at any rate.
Finally, there was a funny question about the Kantian aesthetic, and whether we would ever go back to the anti-Kantian aesthetic, in terms of visuals. I responded by pointing to Norbert Elias' History of Manners, suggesting that we have been moving steadily across history toward an aesthetics of increased refinement and delicacy.
That likely, the shift from an anti-Kantian to a Kantian aesthetic reflects this trend, where today, instead of seeing the violence perpetrated upon the earth by reference to images of "pollution" (or such immediately recognizable images of environmental insult), we now prefer to look upon images of graphs– the relationship of surface temperature to the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, as one example — as if prediction is now the only form of determining environmental remediation.
Overall, I thought the presentation went well.
Afterward, I had a final opportunity to convene with Bradd and his section leader M.W. We talked on a variety of issues, including unique areas of Bradd's research on potentially disruptive (innovative) technologies for the Arctic.
Our discussion resulted in follow up themes that I am hoping to collaborate on with Bradd for developing a stronger relationship between my own research and the DNV Arctic research team. These include, communication and conveyance of risk; the formal system of networks in the Arctic; a social science exploration of identifying contours of proprietary knowledge; a topic I suggested, geoengineering, because I felt that once we identify ourselves as the purveyors of climate change, while it may result in political action, as Al Gore states in Inconvenient Truth, it most likely will result in, well, more scientific progress! (testing on the earth, knowing that we can now manage it).
Finally, it was time to go home. Bradd and I walked down to the shuttle that would carry us to the train heading for Oslo.
Bradd lives in Norway with his family, but I told him, and not without some laughter, that he was still very much of the American Risk Taker ilk — placing me, as he did, a cultural anthropologist in front of his colleagues to see what happens, an experimental gesture to be sure, and I was grateful for the opportunity. We shook hands at Oslo central station and proceeded to our respective destinations.
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El juvenil cantante continúa ligado a líos legales.
Good news for Justin Bieber!
On Monday, prosecutors dropped an assault charge against the 20-year-old pop star that stemmed from an alleged Dec. 29, 2013, limo scuffle in Toronto, his attorneys confirmed to E! News.
The now-dropped charge, which was issued on Jan. 29, 2014, "was withdrawn at the request of the Crown" on Monday, his Toronto attorney, Brian Greenspan, said in a statement. "We welcome the decision of the office of the Crown Attorney to withdraw the charge, having reached the conclusion that there was no reasonable prospect of conviction."
"We have always maintained Mr. Bieber's innocence," added Greenspan. "The withdrawal of the charge is the product of a thorough and thoughtful review of the evidence by responsible prosecutors. We thank them for their consideration."
Another attorney for Justin, Howard Weitzman, confirmed the charge was dismissed Monday, saying, "The Crown did not believe there was a reasonable probability of conviction and they chose not to proceed."
He reiterated the star's legal team has "always maintained Mr. Bieber's innocence in this matter."
Justin isn't past all of his legal woes quite yet, though. Last Tuesday, in fact, he was arrested and charged with assault and dangerous driving following in ATV crash in Ontario. following the collision.
These charged are expected to be addressed in court on Sept. 29, although Justin does not need to appear in court (an attorney can appear on his behalf). The Biebs himself will only be required to attend in person if there is a trial.