Roller bearings are widely used in various types of rotary machine systems. The analysis of mechanical characteristics is the basis for research on service life of bearings. The straight bus cylindrical roller bearing has edge stress concentrated at two ends of roller, and it is called as "edge effect". It is the "edge effect" that causes the breakage of the roller bearing at two ends of the roller and both sides of the raceway. "The Edge effect" is an important reason for the fatigue destruction of roller bearing. The scholars in industry researched the "edge effect" problem of the roller bearings mainly for bus patching. G. Lundberg proposed the well-known Lundberg convexo formula [1G. lundberg, "Elastische beruhrung zweier halbraeum", Forschung Auf Dem Gebiet Des Ingenieurwesens A, vol. 10, pp. 201-211, 1939.] by theoretical analysis of bus in 1939. K. P. Singh and B. Paul proposed a simple discretization solution method and constituted a linear equation set and used them for calculating contact stress [2K.P. Singh, and B. Paul, "Numerical solution of Non-Hertzian elastic contact problems, Trans ASME", Appl. Mech., vol. 41, pp. 484-490, 1974.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3423314] , 3K.P. Singh, and B. Paul, "Stress concentration in crowned rollers", J. Eng. Ind., vol. 97, pp. 990-994, 1975.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3423314] ] with convexo cylinder by unknown contact stress by citing influence coefficient method during the structural analysis. M. J. Hartnett proposed a new method, connecting the influence coefficient method and the relationship of half-space strength and deformation of J.Boussinesq, to solve the contact problem of the surface profile [4M.J. Hartnett, "The analysis of contact stresses in roller element bearings", J. Lubr. Technol., vol. 101, pp. 105-109, 1979.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3453270] , 5Y.P. Chiu, and M.J. Hartnett, "A numerical solution for the contact problem involving bodies with cylindrical surface considering cylinder effect. Trans. ASME", J. Tribol., vol. 109, pp. 479-485, 1987.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261478] ]. J. W. Kannel and M. J. Hartnett [6J.W. Kannel, and M.J. Hartnett, "Theoretical and experimental evaluation of edge stresses under severe edge loads", ASLE Trans., vol. 26, pp. 25-30, 1983.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/05698198308981473] ] analyzed the dimension and distribution of the edge stress of the roller bearing. J. M. De Mul and J. J. Kalker [7J.M. de Mul, J.J. Kalker, and B. Fredriksson, "The contact between arbitrarily curved bodies of finite dimensions", J. Tribol., vol. 108, pp. 140-148, 1986.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261134] ] researched the distribution of the edge stress and the limited zone of the flexural stress. H. Reusner [8H. Reusner, "Logarithmic roller profile-the key to superior performance of cylindrical and taper roller bearings", Ball Bearing J., vol. 230, pp. 2-10, 1987.] employed the method of the semi-infinite model of rectangular unit, without assuming the contact as a semi-infinite body, which is dispersing the contact stress into several rectangular units instead of supposing that the contact half width is proportional to the maximum contact stress. Various types of the modified cylinder body were analyzed and log practice was considered as the best approach to solve the edge effect. Ma Jiaju [9J. Ma, Elastic Contact Force and Deformation Calculation of Roller Bearing, Luoyang Bearing Research Institute: Luoyang, 1977.] established equations to solve stress from finite length line contact by applying the relationship between half-space strength and deformation of J. Boussinesq and solving the contacted problem between roller and raceway using Ahmadi numerical method. On the basis of Ma Jiaju research, Chen Xiaoyang [10X. Chem, Research on Optimal Design and CAD Needle Roller Bearing, Zhejiang University: Hangzhou, 1989, pp. 3-15.] researched on the contact problem associated with the roller and inner and outer raceway of Lundberg logarithmic practice by using the influence coefficient and proposed the design method of convexity. Mao Yuexin [11Y. Mao, X. Shen, and X. Chen, "Study on contact stress distribution of roller bearings and roller profile design under misaligned loads", Zhongguo Jixie Gongcheng., vol. 20, pp. 1918-1922, 2009.] eliminated the heeling edge effect by adding convex metric and improved ability of the roller bearing to resist deflection. But the author did not design the convexity of roller. Wei Yangang [12Y. Wei, and Q. Jiang, "Unsymmetric shape modification of cylindrical roller bearings", J. Mach. Des., vol. 20, pp. 17-19, 2003., 13Y. Wei, Z. Ge, and Q. Jiang, "Finite element analysis of cylindrical rollers under nonuniform load used in shaft boxes beering of high-speed vehicles and unsymmetric modification of the rollers", Lubr. Eng., vol. 2, pp. 9-11, April 2002.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3423314] ] calculated the contact stress between roller and raceway under the condition of heeling by using finite element method and proposed a practical concept of roller asymmetric body.
The method of bus patching is an established method to solve the problem of "edge effect". However, this method suffers from the disadvantages of high processing precision of patching curve and small load domain suitable for the patched cylindrical roller bearing. Wei Yangang et al. [14Y. Wei, "Research on the performances of a novel roller bearing-deep cavity hollow cylindrical roller bearing", Chin. J. Mech. Eng. (Chin. Ed.)., vol. 41, pp. 107-111, 2005.-17Y. Wei, and M. Li, "Experiment study of roller contact edge effect", J. Dalian Railw. Inst., vol. 27, pp. 25-28, 2006.] developed a new bearing structure and on that basis proposed the deep hole hollow cylindrical roller bearing. The author's analysis by finite element method indicated that deep hole structure bearing could avoid and reduce the edge stress concentration of the cylindrical roller bearing. The author proved without detailed dimensional design and by experiment that the deep hole roller structure reduces or even prevents the contact "edge effect" of the roller.
The "edge effect" is caused by the contact between the bearing and the raceway. The techniques of numerical method and optimization algorithm were used in contact analysis. In 1980, the Swedish scholar, B. Fredriksson [18M.R. Hoeprich, "Rolling element bearing contact geometry analysis", Tribol. Trans., vol. 38, pp. 879-882, 1995.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402009508983484] -20M.R. Hoeprich, "Process For Deriving The Contact Geometry For Raceways And Rollers Of A Roller Bearing", U.S. Patent 4,877,340, October 31, 1989.] used SAP5 around the convex, brought in the interface and reserved elements and analyzed the contact between the single rolling needle and the raceway. Besides, the cylindrical generatrix shape of the rolling needle was optimally designed by the virtual load method. Wan Changsen [21C. Wan, The Analysis Method of the Roller Bearing, China Machine Press: Beijing, 1985.] pioneered a method of multiobjective roller bearing optimization and proposed the fatigue life, wear longevity, basic static load, friction moment and spin-to-roll ration as goals for optimization without specifying a detailed application example. He Shaowu et al. [22S. He, Y. Wu, and G. Zhou, "Research on the methods of optimal design of taper roller bearing based on improved genetic algorithm", Modu. Mach. Tech., vol. 27, pp. 1-3, 2006.] proposed optimal design of the cylindrical roller bearing on the basis of genetic algorithm and annealing penalty function method and improved the global search ability and stability of the genetic algorithm. The CAD system of the roller bearing was thus solved. Zhao Guangyan et al. [23G. Zhao, Optimal Design and Calculation Analysis of Large Cone Angle Thrust Tapered Roller Bearing For Roller Mills, Hefei University of Technology: Heifei, 2004, pp. 6-10.] proposed optimization procedure for the design of roller mill steep angle tapered roller bearing on the basis of coordinate exchange. Zhao Zhangrong et al. [24Z. Zhao, I. Sui, and Y. Huang, "Optimal design of taper roller bearing based on improved adaptive genetic algorithm", Mach. Tool & Hyd., vol. 36, pp. 21-23, 2008.] conducted simple object optimization of tapered roller bearing on the basis of improved self-adaption genetic algorithm. Yang Xianqi et al. [25X. Yang, S. Jiang, and J. Chen, "Optimal design of high-speed angular contact ball bearing", Bearing, vol. 43, pp. 1-5, 2000.] conducted multiple target optimization of high speed angular contact by combining the quasi static design analysis method of ball bearing and "the ring raceway control hypothesis". Wang Dongfeng et al. [26D. Wang, J. Ye, and B. Yang, "Optimal design of the double row angular contact ball bearing", Bearing, vol. 51, pp. 8-10, 2008.] carried out multiple target optimization of double row angular contact ball bearing using the efficiency coefficient method.
The advances in computer applications led to wide use of finite element methods for the analysis of roller bearing. By using finite element analysis (FEA), Zhao [27H. Zhao, "Analysis of load distribution within solid and hollow roller bearings", J. Tribol., vol. 120, pp. 134-139, 1988.] established 2D finite element model and applied it in calculating the load distribution inside the bearing subjected to static load. N. Demirhan et al. [28N. Demirhan, and B. Kanber, "Stress and displacement distributions on cylindrical roller bearing rings using FEM", Mech. Based Des. Struc., vol. 36, pp. 86-102, 2008.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15397730701842537] ] established 2D finite element model of roller bearing that systematically calculated stress-strain under static load and validated it by actual tests. L. Zamponi et al. [29L. Zamponi, E. Mermoz, and J.M. Linares, "Impact of geometrical defects on bearing assemblies with integrated raceways in aeronautical gearbox", Mechanism Mach. Theory, vol. 44, pp. 1108-1120, 2009.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2008.10.005] ] established a mixed model of roller bearing and calculated the contact pressure and contact angle of roller bearing raceway with surface defect. Lin Tengjiao et al. [30T. Lin, Q. Rong, and R. Li, "Deep groove ball bearing operation process dynamic characteristics of the finite element analysis", J. Vib. Shock., vol. 28, pp. 118-122, 2009.] established a 3D finite element model ball bearing by using LS-DYNA and calculated on the basis of explicit dynamics method, the dimensions of inner and outer ring and holder of this model. They considered the model as a rigid body, and that roller used linear elastic materials, and found that the results of finite element and those from Hertz theory agreed well. Xu Hongyi et al. [31H. Xu, and C. Zhang, "Finite element analysis of roller bearing based on the plastic material models", Chin. J. Mech. Eng. (Chin. Ed.)., vol. 46, pp. 29-35, 2010.] established multi-body dynamics contact finite element model of roller bearing in the environment of ANSYS LS-DYNA and calculated the state of stress in low-speed bearing models of materials with different deformation constitutive relationships. In relation to non-specific roller bearing body research, Zupan et al. [32S. Zupan, and I. Prebil, "Carrying angle and carrying capacity of large single row ball bearing as a function of geometry parameters of the roller contact and the supporting structure stiffness", Mechanism Mach. Theory., vol. 36, pp. 1087-1103, 2001.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0094-114X(01)00044-1] ] calculated the elastic matrix of the structure by applying the finite element method to mechanical structure and determined the deformation of the over-all structure. The elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing is a new type of roller bearing in which polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE) materials are embedded in hollow deep hole roller in order to form an elastic composite cylindrical roller [33Q. Yao, W. Yang, J. Yu, and R. Zhang, "Research on structure design of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing", Zhongguo Jixie Gongcheng., vol. 23, pp. 2899-2902, 2012.-35Q. Yao, "A kind of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing", China Patent 201120066406.1, November 23, 2011.]. This approach is adopted since the rolling element of the elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing is more easily deformed than the solid cylindrical roller. Under the same load, the half-width of the contact between the roller element and the raceway increases while the contact stress diminishes. It is evident that when compared to the solid cylindrical roller, the force conditions of the elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing have improved. Owing to the reduction in flexural stress of the inner bore the ability to resist damage from anti-fatigue damage is enhanced and life of the composite cylindrical roller bearing is extended. In addition, the new type of roller bearing has obvious vibration-suppressing effect, because the embedded PTFE is very effective in absorbing shocks. Experimental evidence shows that the shock noise reduction effect of the elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing is better than the solid cylindrical and the hollow cylindrical rollers. As a result, the dynamic performance of the roller bearing and the entire mechanical system improved significantly. Because the proportion of the embedded PTFE (2.2-2.3g/cm3) is much less than that of the bearing steel (7.80-7.58g/cm3), the elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing has lighter weight and higher operating speed limit than the solid cylindrical roller bearing. The details of materials dimensions of proposed bearing are presented in (Fig. 1 ). Obviously the bearing possesses absorption and noise reduction effect and strong anti-fatigue destruction ability [36W. Yang, Q. Yao, J. Yu, R. Zhang, and Q. Yao, "Research of carrying capacity of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing", J. Mech. Trans., vol. 37, pp. 6-9, 2013.] because of the new structural form and excellent physicochemical characteristics PTFE.
Real graph of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing.
Achievements of the research group show that the edge structure of the elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing directly affects the edge stress distribution. Reasonable edge structure can reduce or even prevent the "edge effect".
This paper proposes an optimization method which combines the techniques of BP neural network and genetic algorithm and numerical analysis. The method is easy to use and applicable to the contact analysis of a non-linear structure for which mathematical model cannot be established. The numerical analysis was conducted under FEM and the sample for BP neural network was setup. The dimensions of an elastic composite cylindrical roller were optimized by BP neural network and genetic algorithm to improve the "edge effect" of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing.
The load distribution along the bus would be even only when the contact bodies are infinitely long or geometric lengths are absolutely equal according to the theory of elastic mechanics. The ideal linear contact between infinitely long cylinders does not exist in actual practice. In general, the roller is shorter than the width of collar roller path. Therefore, as shown in Fig. (2 ), materials are under tensile status by roller path recess out of roller end. The Press stress of the roller end will exceed the stress at contact center [37T.A. Harris, Roller Bearing Analysis: Basic Concepts of Bearing Technology, vol. 1. China Machine Press: Beijing, 2009.].
c= deep hole radius of roller.
The contact half-width of the roller and bearing roller path increase while the contact stress decreases for the same load as the elastic composite cylindrical roller made from embedded PTFE materials is easier to be deformed compared to the solid cylindrical roller. The contact rigidity at the two ends is less than that of the central portions of elastic composite cylinder roller because of the deep hole structure. The ends are easy to deform during the contact of the roller and the inner and outer rings and solving the roller edge stress concentration problems, will decrease contact stress of bearings and increase contact fatigue service effectively [15Y. Wei, Q. Jiang, and Q. Yi, "A novel roller bearing-deep cavity roller bearing and its finite element analysis", Zhongguo Jixie Gongcheng., vol. 12, pp. 2078-2080, 2002.].
Cross-sectional view of elastic composite cylindrical roller.
During fatigue materials crack easily in stress concentration zone. The "Edge effect" will decrease the fatigue of the bearing in service greatly. This is because the fatigue is in inverse proportion to 7 to 9 power of stress as shown in the published research [38E.V. Zaretsky, "A. Palmgren revisted-a basis for bearing life prediction", Lubr. Eng., vol. 54, pp. 18-25, 1998.].
The value analysis was carried out for the deep hole design of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing to determine the influence of the design dimensions of the deep hole structure on stress concentration at elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing edge.
The outline dimensions of the elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing NU318E, as shown in Table 1 were selected, by referring to GB/T283-2007 and GB/T4661-2002. The roller dimensions depend on the deep hole angle, a and deep hole radius, c. They were selected as variables for optimization. α ranged in (0°, 90°); and c in (d/2, D/2). The selected values of a were 30°, 45°, 60° and 75° and those of c were 8.4mm, 9.1mm, 9.8mm and 10.5mm. These enabled formation of 16 groups according to Orthogonal-Test-Method.
The dimensional parameters of NU318E bearing.
As shown in Fig. (4 ), 1/2 of roller, 1/4 of inner ring and 1/16 of outer ring were used as finite element analysis model to simplify the analysis on considerations of structural and load characteristics and symmetry of the roller bearing. The inner/outer rings and roller were GCr15 bearing steel, with elastic modulus of 207GPa and Poisson's ratio of 0.3. The elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio for PTFE embedded elastic composite cylindrical roller respectively were, 280MPa and 0.4. The material attributes were defined, created and distributed as sectional attributes by the above parameters.
The finite element analysis model of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing.
The analysis was carried out by selecting 55% of roller compactness and by considering of the optimal capacity and fatigue service of the elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing. (Compactness K=d/D; where, D is the roller diameter; d is diameter of material filling).
The ABAQUS provides several types of connection restriction methods for different material quality or types of unit parts [39Y. Shi, and Y. Zhou, Example Explanation of Finite Element Analysis, China Machine Press: Beijing, 2006.]. It has to adopt the symmetry constraint for the symmetry of the model. The bottom cross section of inner ring was restrained in U1, U2 and U3 directions. The left cross section of roller and inner and outer rings was restrained. U1, UR2 and, UR3 were made equal to zero. The U3 restraint for longitudinal center line of left cross section was carried out Constraints are shown in Table 2.
Under the effect of static load the sum of the maximum roller bearing capacity at 0° orientation and the load on upper lateral surface of the outer ring after the converting loading area was 2.5×107 Pa according to the load distribution in elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing.
There are two types of materials between the roller and inner and outer rings of the model. These materials in elastic composite cylindrical roller are designed to play a role in load bearing and transfer. The contact pairs on the roller contact surface are set from facing towards the inner and outer rings and the roller by using the contact surface of the inner and outer rings as the main surface and the outer wall of the filling materials as the auxiliary surface. The contact pairs are established for filling materials and hollow roller by using the inner wall of roller as the main surface.
Whether the simulation calculations can be completed smoothly, quickly and accurately depends directly on how well the mesh division is done. The secondary non-linear 3D space unit C3D15 was used for symmetry model of the entire shaft by considering the geometric shape, load conditions and the material combination, etc. of the research target. A close relationship exists between the precision of finite element analysis and efficiency, density and geometric shape of unit. Super-fine mesh may extremely prolong the calculation period while the highly-loose mesh may make it difficult to describe the space variation of the field variables. Therefore, properly refined gridding can increase the calculation precision. The other integrating parts can be divided approximately to reduce the calculation time without influencing the precision. The Gridding division is shown in Fig. (5 ). The gridding division of 29243nodes and 15679 units shown in Fig. (6 ) is considered as reasonable.
The relationship between the model node number and stress value.
Elastic composite cylindrical roller bearings mesh finite element analysis model.
The maximum equivalent stress and the contact stress existing in roller contact zone are obtained by finite element analysis and calculation under the loading of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing. The maximum equivalent stress and contact stress in the roller edge contact zone and elliptical contact zone are isolated and analyzed. Figs. (7 ), (8 ) are the equivalent stress diagram and contact stress diagram respectively of the contact zone of the elastic composite cylindrical roller. In this figure the transverse coordinate c refers to deep hole radius. The deep hole angle is marked in the legend. "BY" refers to the edge contact zone. "TY" refers to the elliptical contact zone.
Maximum equivalent contact region of elastic composite cylindrical roller.
Maximum contact stress region of elastic composite cylindrical roller contact.
From the analysis of Figs. (7 ), (8 ), it can be seen that both the maximum equivalent stress and the maximum contact stress vary with deep hole angle and radius in the edge contact zone of elastic composite cylindrical roller. The maximum equivalent stress and the maximum contact stress decrease with the deep hole radius increasing when the deep hole angle is kept constant. The stress reduction amplitude increases with increasing deep hole angle.
The maximum equivalent stress and the maximum contact stress increase with increasing deep hole radius in elliptical contact zone of elastic composite cylindrical roller, when deep hole angle varies between 30° to 60°. This increase in maximum equivalent stress and the maximum contact is monotonously not monotonous for deep hole angle of 75°. The maximum equivalent stress and the maximum contact stress decrease as deep hole radius increase from 9.8mm to 10.5mm.
The results presented in Figs. (6 ), (7 ) indicate that the maximum contact stress and equivalent stress in edge contact zones of the elastic composite cylindrical roller increase regardless of the variation of the deep hole angle when deep hole radius is in the range of 8.4-9.1mm. Stress concentration exists from view of values. The contact stress and equivalent stress in the edge contact zones of the elastic composite cylindrical roller decrease with increasing deep hole radius. The edge stress does not exist basically as the contact stress and equivalent stress in the elliptical zone increase. In addition, it is essential to consider the optimization of deep hole structural dimensions of elastic composite cylindrical roller under non-equivalent stress values in the edge zone and elliptical zones. The optimization and analysis carried out by relying on BP neural network and genetic algorithm are as follows.
The results obtained from finite element analysis of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing show that large stress may exist in roller edge and elliptical zones. It is necessary to optimize the structural parameters to increase the fatigue service life of the elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing to minimize the stress in edge and elliptical zones of the elastic composite cylindrical roller under the conditions that structural rigidity requirements are met. It is crucial to establish a reasonable mathematical optimization model for determining these stress values in edge and elliptical zones.
In Eq. (3) Pi is the maximum stress in elastic composite cylindrical roller edge; Pj is the maximum stress in elastic composite cylindrical roller ellipse; m and n are weighted coefficients. Thus the structural optimization problem is converted to optimize the parameters α and c by obtaining the minimum value of objective function f.
It is difficult to propose a mathematical model from theory for a special structure like elastic composite cylindrical roller. The Neural network model can provide a mapping relationship for non-linear function to obtain approximate objective function required for generating solutions to structural optimization problem by genetic algorithm. The effective integration of neural network and genetic algorithm is crucial to optimize the structural parameters.
BP neural network algorithm is widely employed to solve the optimization problems by training and mathematical model without knowing target. It is often used in MATLAB for the construction of objective function [40Q. Wang, Y. Zhang, and Y. Zhu, "Neural network compact ensemble and its applications", Chin. J. Mech. Eng. (Engl. Ed.)., vol. 23, pp. 209-216, 2010.-42C. Wang, R. Zhu, and W. Wang, "Optimization of die casting processing parameters based on BP neural network and GA algorithm", J. Plast. Eng., vol. 18, pp. 105-110, 2011.]. The mapping functions have to be obtained for special structure of elastic composite cylindrical roller by neural network algorithm. This paper shows the calculations for instructing and training the samples by 3-layer BP neural network. The Input layer has 2 variables, namely, deep hole angle α and deep hole radius c; The quantity of implicit strata is selected as 6 so that the output layers are Pi, Pjand f. For value analysis data on 16 samples were selected as BP neural network training sample. The results show excellent agreement between the network output and sample objectives. The trained mapping functions retained tool kit in the neural network for recalling during optimization by genetic algorithm.
Genetic algorithm is a highly efficient parameter optimization method for global optimization. It solves the non-linear contact problems excellently [43G. Zhang, and K. Gu, "Optimization of nonlinear structure based on genetic algorithm and parametrized model", Chin. J. Comput. Mech., vol. 20, pp. 764-768, 2003.-45L. Chen, Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Mechanical Design, China Machine Press: Beijing, 2005.].
In general, genetic algorithm uses floating-coding method by aiming the continuous variable functions. The floating-coding has excellent gradually changing ability to eliminate the "Hamming cliff" and facilitate the treatment of restraint conditions at the same time. The binary system coding has no such characteristics.
Individual fitness is based both on individual fitness assessment standard and population evolution. The penalty technique is the most common method used in obtaining solution to constrained optimization problems by genetic algorithm. It is essential is to convert the restraint problems to non-restraint problems by penalty non-feasible solutions. The feasible and non-feasible solutions coexist [46Y. Xing, Y. Hu, and J. Sun, "Finite element analysis on crowning of roller with logarithmic profile", J. Harbin Bearing., vol. 31, pp. 1-5, 2010.].
In this Eq. (4), F(X) is fitness function; P(X) is penalty function; f(X) is neural network mapping function.
The population evolution was carried out by utilizing the genetic algorithm and by generating a new generation of population on the basis of previous generation of individuals.
Operators were selected on the basis of survival of the fittest for individuals in the population and fitness evaluation for calculating genetics of next generation of population. The characteristics of the fitness proportion selection method are that the selection probability of various individuals and fitness is in direct proportion. The optimal individual storage method is to match the crossing of individuals of the maximum fitness in population and directly copy to the next generation. The optimal solutions of a certain generation during evolution will not be destroyed by crossing or mutation operation. This objective of this paper is to combine the proportional selection and the optimal individual storage to increase the efficiency and convergence of calculations.
Crossing calculation is the main method to generate new individuals by genetic algorithm. It plays a key role in the algorithm. The coordination of crossing operator design and encoding design is a basic requirement of the crossing calculation. The arithmetic crossing method was adopted for floating-coding chromosome to generate two new individuals by linear combination of two old ones.
The mutation calculation refers to replacing some genes in individual coding by other multiple alleles of small mutation probability randomly to form two new individuals. The floating-coding was used to increase the local searching ability and convergence speed of genetic algorithm. The floating-coding individuals generate new individuals during mutation. The floating-coding mainly combines the self-adaptation mutation and non-uniform mutation.
The procedure for setting-up the main control parameters of genetic algorithm: Population size [47Y. Liu, W. Shen, and Y. Wei, "Affect of roller profile on stress in cylindrical roller bearings", Bearing., vol. 50, pp. 1-3, 2007.], M=10; Crossover probability, Pc=0.6; Initial mutation probability, Pm=0.06; Terminate algebra, T=250; Crossover parameter, a=0.2; Initial value of parameter b of adjustment mutation step length is 1.0; Weighted coefficients m and n are 0.91 and 1.05 respectively.
The optimal calculation results are shown in Table 3 after operation of genetic algorithm 250 power. Optimized values of design variable are as follows: α=48.68°; c=9.67mm; the maximum stress in edge zone and elliptic zone of elastic composite cylindrical roller under optimized value of design variable are as follows: Pi=773MPa; Pj=738MPa; they decrease by 9.7% and 7.4% respectively before optimization. Optimization variables of genetic algorithm are the optimal solutions by comprehensive contrast of weighted values.
Comparison of the variables before and after optimization.
Two design variables namely, the deep hole angle, a and deep hole angle, c were studied. The results from finite element analysis showed that contact stress and equivalent stress in edge zone of the elastic composite cylindrical roller decrease as a or c increases; the contact stress and equivalent stress in elliptical zone also increase; both of them decrease when the deep hole angle reaches 75°.
For the NU318E type bearing which was taken as the object of optimization, the optimal structural dimensions were determined as: α=48.68° and c=9.67mm.
The optimization process and method demonstrated in this paper should provide a useful reference for similar applications to other types of elastic composite cylindrical roller edge structure.
This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51175168), Hunan Provincial Science and Technology key Project of China (Grant No.2014GK4014), the national finacial for innovation team of China (Grant No.0420036017).
 G. lundberg, "Elastische beruhrung zweier halbraeum", Forschung Auf Dem Gebiet Des Ingenieurwesens A, vol. 10, pp. 201-211, 1939.
 K.P. Singh, and B. Paul, "Numerical solution of Non-Hertzian elastic contact problems, Trans ASME", Appl. Mech., vol. 41, pp. 484-490, 1974.
 K.P. Singh, and B. Paul, "Stress concentration in crowned rollers", J. Eng. Ind., vol. 97, pp. 990-994, 1975.
 M.J. Hartnett, "The analysis of contact stresses in roller element bearings", J. Lubr. Technol., vol. 101, pp. 105-109, 1979.
 Y.P. Chiu, and M.J. Hartnett, "A numerical solution for the contact problem involving bodies with cylindrical surface considering cylinder effect. Trans. ASME", J. Tribol., vol. 109, pp. 479-485, 1987.
 J.W. Kannel, and M.J. Hartnett, "Theoretical and experimental evaluation of edge stresses under severe edge loads", ASLE Trans., vol. 26, pp. 25-30, 1983.
 J.M. de Mul, J.J. Kalker, and B. Fredriksson, "The contact between arbitrarily curved bodies of finite dimensions", J. Tribol., vol. 108, pp. 140-148, 1986.
 H. Reusner, "Logarithmic roller profile-the key to superior performance of cylindrical and taper roller bearings", Ball Bearing J., vol. 230, pp. 2-10, 1987.
 J. Ma, Elastic Contact Force and Deformation Calculation of Roller Bearing, Luoyang Bearing Research Institute: Luoyang, 1977.
 X. Chem, Research on Optimal Design and CAD Needle Roller Bearing, Zhejiang University: Hangzhou, 1989, pp. 3-15.
 Y. Mao, X. Shen, and X. Chen, "Study on contact stress distribution of roller bearings and roller profile design under misaligned loads", Zhongguo Jixie Gongcheng., vol. 20, pp. 1918-1922, 2009.
 Y. Wei, and Q. Jiang, "Unsymmetric shape modification of cylindrical roller bearings", J. Mach. Des., vol. 20, pp. 17-19, 2003.
 Y. Wei, Z. Ge, and Q. Jiang, "Finite element analysis of cylindrical rollers under nonuniform load used in shaft boxes beering of high-speed vehicles and unsymmetric modification of the rollers", Lubr. Eng., vol. 2, pp. 9-11, April 2002.
 Y. Wei, "Research on the performances of a novel roller bearing-deep cavity hollow cylindrical roller bearing", Chin. J. Mech. Eng. (Chin. Ed.)., vol. 41, pp. 107-111, 2005.
 Y. Wei, Q. Jiang, and Q. Yi, "A novel roller bearing-deep cavity roller bearing and its finite element analysis", Zhongguo Jixie Gongcheng., vol. 12, pp. 2078-2080, 2002.
 Y. Liu, and Y. Wei, "Design of experiment method of deep-hollow roller contact effect", J. Dalian Jiaotong Univ., vol. 28, pp. 20-23, 2007.
 Y. Wei, and M. Li, "Experiment study of roller contact edge effect", J. Dalian Railw. Inst., vol. 27, pp. 25-28, 2006.
 M.R. Hoeprich, "Rolling element bearing contact geometry analysis", Tribol. Trans., vol. 38, pp. 879-882, 1995.
 T.A. Harris, Rolling Bearing Analysis., 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons: New York, 2006.
 M.R. Hoeprich, "Process For Deriving The Contact Geometry For Raceways And Rollers Of A Roller Bearing", U.S. Patent 4,877,340, October 31, 1989.
 C. Wan, The Analysis Method of the Roller Bearing, China Machine Press: Beijing, 1985.
 S. He, Y. Wu, and G. Zhou, "Research on the methods of optimal design of taper roller bearing based on improved genetic algorithm", Modu. Mach. Tech., vol. 27, pp. 1-3, 2006.
 G. Zhao, Optimal Design and Calculation Analysis of Large Cone Angle Thrust Tapered Roller Bearing For Roller Mills, Hefei University of Technology: Heifei, 2004, pp. 6-10.
 Z. Zhao, I. Sui, and Y. Huang, "Optimal design of taper roller bearing based on improved adaptive genetic algorithm", Mach. Tool & Hyd., vol. 36, pp. 21-23, 2008.
 X. Yang, S. Jiang, and J. Chen, "Optimal design of high-speed angular contact ball bearing", Bearing, vol. 43, pp. 1-5, 2000.
 D. Wang, J. Ye, and B. Yang, "Optimal design of the double row angular contact ball bearing", Bearing, vol. 51, pp. 8-10, 2008.
 H. Zhao, "Analysis of load distribution within solid and hollow roller bearings", J. Tribol., vol. 120, pp. 134-139, 1988.
 N. Demirhan, and B. Kanber, "Stress and displacement distributions on cylindrical roller bearing rings using FEM", Mech. Based Des. Struc., vol. 36, pp. 86-102, 2008.
 L. Zamponi, E. Mermoz, and J.M. Linares, "Impact of geometrical defects on bearing assemblies with integrated raceways in aeronautical gearbox", Mechanism Mach. Theory, vol. 44, pp. 1108-1120, 2009.
 T. Lin, Q. Rong, and R. Li, "Deep groove ball bearing operation process dynamic characteristics of the finite element analysis", J. Vib. Shock., vol. 28, pp. 118-122, 2009.
 H. Xu, and C. Zhang, "Finite element analysis of roller bearing based on the plastic material models", Chin. J. Mech. Eng. (Chin. Ed.)., vol. 46, pp. 29-35, 2010.
 S. Zupan, and I. Prebil, "Carrying angle and carrying capacity of large single row ball bearing as a function of geometry parameters of the roller contact and the supporting structure stiffness", Mechanism Mach. Theory., vol. 36, pp. 1087-1103, 2001.
 Q. Yao, W. Yang, J. Yu, and R. Zhang, "Research on structure design of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing", Zhongguo Jixie Gongcheng., vol. 23, pp. 2899-2902, 2012.
 Q. Yao, "Improve the Cylindrical Roller Bearing Fatigue Method and Elastic Composite Cylindrical Roller Bearing", China Patent 201110061171.1, July 7, 2011.
 Q. Yao, "A kind of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing", China Patent 201120066406.1, November 23, 2011.
 W. Yang, Q. Yao, J. Yu, R. Zhang, and Q. Yao, "Research of carrying capacity of elastic composite cylindrical roller bearing", J. Mech. Trans., vol. 37, pp. 6-9, 2013.
 T.A. Harris, Roller Bearing Analysis: Basic Concepts of Bearing Technology, vol. 1. China Machine Press: Beijing, 2009.
 E.V. Zaretsky, "A. Palmgren revisted-a basis for bearing life prediction", Lubr. Eng., vol. 54, pp. 18-25, 1998.
 Y. Shi, and Y. Zhou, Example Explanation of Finite Element Analysis, China Machine Press: Beijing, 2006.
 Q. Wang, Y. Zhang, and Y. Zhu, "Neural network compact ensemble and its applications", Chin. J. Mech. Eng. (Engl. Ed.)., vol. 23, pp. 209-216, 2010.
 P. Li, S. Huang, and W. Zhang, "Optimum design method of structure based on neural network and genetic algorithm", J. Guilin Univ. Technol., vol. 27, pp. 128-132, 2010.
 C. Wang, R. Zhu, and W. Wang, "Optimization of die casting processing parameters based on BP neural network and GA algorithm", J. Plast. Eng., vol. 18, pp. 105-110, 2011.
 G. Zhang, and K. Gu, "Optimization of nonlinear structure based on genetic algorithm and parametrized model", Chin. J. Comput. Mech., vol. 20, pp. 764-768, 2003.
 A. Borboni, R. Bussola, and R. Faglia, "Movement optimization of a redundant serial robot for high-quality pipe cutting", J. Mech. Des., vol. 130, pp. 082301-1, 082301-082306, 2008.
 L. Chen, Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Mechanical Design, China Machine Press: Beijing, 2005.
 Y. Xing, Y. Hu, and J. Sun, "Finite element analysis on crowning of roller with logarithmic profile", J. Harbin Bearing., vol. 31, pp. 1-5, 2010.
 Y. Liu, W. Shen, and Y. Wei, "Affect of roller profile on stress in cylindrical roller bearings", Bearing., vol. 50, pp. 1-3, 2007.


Rome is really one of the most beautiful cities that someone can visit! With a first glance, the traveller will come across with thousands of images catching the eye, images that unconsciously and with greed will try to experience! Valuable ally will be, as in every journey, the photo camera that will capture in film or digitally the sights, the monuments and everything beautiful that Rome has to offer. So here there are 10 useful tips to take great photos during your trip.
1. Make sure you have a lot of films or memory cards with you , because you are going to need them. Especially with the digital cameras and the ease they offer while taking photos, you will keep taking shots filling up your memory card. Trust me it would be a pity to be in front, lets say the Fontana di Trevi with a full card. What do you do then? Unfortunately you will start erasing older photos to free up more space.
2. Take a tripod with you if you can. Rome at night is magical when the lights around the city paint in their shades roads, buildings and monuments. Alternatively you can use a bag or a jacket to place your camera, as i had done with very satisfactory results. Lastly if the camera has the appropriate settings and you have the knowlenge, increase the ISO, reduce the shutter's speed and lower the f number, so that you manage to take beautiful nightly photos that won't be shaken.
3. Always have the sun on your back. I am sure that this is a tip everyone knows as a basic rule of photography. And for those that haven't heard it, you have seen that taking a shot towards the sun you will produce a disappointing result! The light in Rome is very nice and suitable for great photos. Move around the city, check the sun's movement and see how the sunlight drops on buildings, how it illuminates sthe arcaelogical sites and choose the appropriate time of the day to take your photos.
Thes deck on the top of Vittoriano which is located in piazza Venezia at the centre of the city. From there you have a great view of the Vatican city.
La Cupola or St Peter's Dome in the Vatican city. It offers a 360° amazing view of Rome and a unique climping experience. There is an elevator you can use for 7 euros instead of the 5 euros you pay to take the stairs. However the elevator ends at a point where you will still have lots of stairs to walk.
5. For those who are interested in taking photos of the exceptionally beuatiful exhibits of the roman museums, you have to know that there are some limitations. Taking a photo with a tripod is not allowed inside museums and churches. Its not allowed either to take a shot using flash. If you desire to take a photo of the interior of churches try to do it when there is no an on going service. The sound of the camera's clicks during prayer could be considered as an act of disrespect from a part of the flock. Worths mentioning that especially in the Sistine Chapel, photography in strictly forbidden. People who photograph the interior of the chapel risk the immediate lecture from the guards.
This entry was tagged Journeys, Photography, Photos, Rome, tips. Bookmark the permalink.
Να συμπληρώσω στα σημεία που μπορείς να βγάλεις πανοραμικές φωτογραφίες το κάστρο του Sant'Angelo το οποίο αξίζει να το επισκευτεί κανείς έτσι κι αλλιώς!


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Q: Secure of Android app content I created an Android app, and I'm ready to post it on playstore. But I'm not sure of secure of my app content.
The point is that I have a database inside of my app, and I don't want anyone to get info from it in any other way except through my app.
Any idea how can I do this?

A: Your database is safe unless someone rooted his phone.
To make it more difficult to get the data in case of a rooted phone you could:

*

*host the database on a server where only your application has access (ssl client server authentication)

*encrypt the database content with a password stored in your application code (can be reverse engineered)

http://sqlcipher.net/sqlcipher-for-android/
bear in mind anyone with access to your application can reverse engineer it. You can make it more difficult by using a proguard.
http://developer.android.com/tools/help/proguard.html
to obfuscate your decryption code.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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— Top Menu —ENGLISH ESPAÑOL
— Main Menu —National>Entertainment National>Local Economics National>Local Politics National>Society National>Sports
National>Entertainment
National>Local Economics
National>Local Politics
National>Society
National>Sports
Craft making unites a family from Chordeleg, in Azuay
Ernst & Young starts the monetization process of the CNT
Ecuador informs Russia of increased controls on bananas
China surpasses the United States as Ecuador's trading partner
Three Ecuadorians on the list of MIT innovators under 35
Ecuador received USD 49 125 million for remittances since 1999
Port: a megaship opens the grand canal
Full employment fell 3% in Quito according to INEC
Ecuadorian who died after being pushed by a tenant will be buried in the United States
Carlos Tuárez's Network operated from a hotel in Quito
Ecuador Questioned the OAS Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression
Posted On 17 Aug 2019
The Ecuadorian government today questioned the legitimacy of the rapporteur for freedom of expression of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) of the OAS, Catalina Botero, saying she has a commercial link with the NGO that criticizes President Rafael Correa.
"It was recently known that the Rapporteur Catalina Botero has a partnership relationship with Fundamedios" said the secretary (minister) of Communication, Fernando Alvarado, to Sonorama radio station.
"There are documents (…), that show there is a business relationship, advice, tutorials" the official said, pointing out that this is a link that leads to a "partnership" between the rapporteur and the observatory of media, which reported to the Commission a "harassment" of the Ecuadorian government against the press.
Alvarado felt that this situation "takes away the legitimacy of Catalina Botero to treat the case that Fundamedios took to" the IACHR, from OAS (Organization of American States) in Washington, on October 25.
Asked by AFP, the director of Fundamedios, César Ricaurte, denied the remark and said "it is part of a campaign undertaken by the Ecuadorian government to try to discredit the IACHR and its Special Rapporteur."
"If you are talking about a tutorial done by the Office in Ecuador that is not any kind of commercial relationship, but academic (…) to raise awareness of the inter-American system," said Ricaurte.
The activist was referring to a seminar issued on April 8 in Quito by two members of the Special Rapporteur, Michael Camilleri and Mauricio Herrera, according to him through a $ 5000 contract signed between Fundamedios and the General Secretariat of the OAS.
"There is no other relationship," said Ricaurte.
On 11 November, Correa accused the Commission of abusing its duties, after the agency asked the Ecuadorian state information on the trial that resulted from a lawsuit made by president Rafael Correa against El Universo Newspaper.
Copyright © 2010 - 2019. All Rights Reserved. EcuadorTimes.net

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Reinhardt Ludwig (born 27 August 2002) is a South African rugby union player for the  in the Currie Cup. His regular position is lock.

Ludwig was named in the  squad for the 2021 Currie Cup Premier Division. He made his debut in Round 12 of the 2021 Currie Cup Premier Division against the .

References

South African rugby union players
Living people
2002 births
Rugby union locks
Blue Bulls players
Bulls (rugby union) players
Rugby union players from Pretoria

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


EXPERIENCE THE REAL BALINESE EXQUISSITENESS BY EXPLORING EXTRAORDINARY DOWNHILL BALI MOUNTAIN CYCLING TOURS OR BALI BIKE ACTIVITIES WHICH LEAD YOU TO SEE THE GENUINE BALINESE TRADITIONAL LIFE AND THE UNIQUE CULTURE OF BALI WHILE ENJOYING THE BEAUTY OF ITS EXOTIC PANORAMAS.
This trip a light breacfast at Mount. Batur while see the view of batur volcano & lake. We start the cycling from the high point close to Mt. Abang at Suter Village, this cycling recommend route offer you beautifull view of the Bali Island and allows you ride through the number of picturesque photo opportunity, Lunch we served you at local restaurant. Experience cycling guide will give you detailed information about prior cycling ride.
pick up and return to your hotel by a/c car.
mountain bike and safety helmet use.
balinese breakfast and lunch with indonesia food.at the stunning restaurant in ubud.
mineral water and snacks and fruit on tour.
entrance ticket to the temples.
all the beautiful scenery you wouldnt normally see.
an in depth explanation of the culture from our experienced guides.
A small rucksack / backpack for easy access to video / camera.
A hat to put under your helmet is advisable and sunscreen.
A change of clothing short pants, T-shirt.
Wear running shoes or secure sandals and sun glass.


Boasting beveled edges and classic geometric shapes, our modern CZ trio of sterling silver stackable rings will bring some serious stacking style to your fingertips. Our trio of silver stacking rings lend a unique look to suit every mood and will add up to the minute charm to any ensemble. These three, thin sterling silver stackable rings are dainty and the gold plating adds an expensive vibe. Layer several gold knuckle rings with other thin silver CZ stacking rings to add some funky eye catching style to create a signature look, day or night. These silver stacked rings can easily be worn as a sterling silver midi rings, a mid knuckle ring or forefinger rings in a smaller size than you normally wear for a unique look. Stack on the style and have fun this season.
Great set. Think, light, Fun. Fair value.


Hope you're well rested from your Sunday Sabbath challenge. I enjoyed a lazy morning in bed with tea and paper and meditation and stretches, then a leisurely hike into the Wild Blue that is our freakish January weather. I made a decent, well rounded Slow Food dinner. At at 10 p.m. I watched the moon cap a quiet day with a luminous belly-flop into the western sky.
I may be a little TOO relaxed to get back into a five day work week after all these holidays. So I've picked a challenge that I do on work days anyway. I'll aim to be particularly mindful this Monday.
Today's quest: let's LISTEN DEEPLY.
As a general rule we don't seem to do this so well anymore. Maybe it's because we are all so busy. Maybe it's the competition conversation gets from devices and other pulls at our attention. We seem to be talking as much as ever, but true dialogue seems to be an endangered activity. This sad observation is the keystone of MIT professor Sherry Turkle's upcoming book, tentatively titled Reclaiming Conversation. In her 2011 tome Alone Together: Why We Expect More From Technology and Less From Each Other, Turkle posited (with the research one would expect for an MIT psychologist) that the digital revolution was hacking the flow of deep human connection. In a recent Atlantic article about her latest findings, she observes we are communicating more than ever.
The conclusion she's arrived at while researching her new book is not, technically, that we're not talking to each other. We're talking all the time, in person as well as in texts, in e-mails, over the phone, on Facebook and Twitter. The world is more talkative now, in many ways, than it's ever been. The problem, Turkle argues, is that all of this talk can come at the expense of conversation. We're talking at each other rather than with each other.
Today I want you to be spies and revolutionaries in the fight for good conversation. Even if you don't have a chance, for whatever reason, to get into deep dialogue, pay attention to others' dialogues. Spend a little time listening in or watching others converse. Notice if they are taking turns, where their eyes are, what their body language is communicating about their engagement. If you are close enough, notice if they are picking up the conversational balls being thrown out by the other.
Pay attention to body language. The keys are open posture (no closed arms, hands on hips, heads turned away, back up), decent eye contact (neither staring nor looking askance, and of course that means not texting while talking), and being aligned to and close enough to be able to read the other's body language.
Be a good receiver. It's great you think you are listening, but could an observer tell? Here's how they might: you are looking at the speaker. You aren't doing something else, like walking away, watching television, checking your email. (If you're truly busy and it's a bad time, let them know when would be better). You are nodding, leaning in, making short interjections such as uh-huh, wow, really?, etc at reasonable intervals. You are asking questions that relate to the topic or "tagging" the information to show you received it. Simple example: speaker says "I just saw a UFO." Listener: "Whoa! A UFO?"
Get more information. Especially if you don't agree with or understand the listener. In my observations, when people are in disagreement with a speaker, they (yes, me too) interrupt or are so busy thinking of their response they stop listening. They then answer with their differing viewpoint before they've checked intention or accuracy. This leads to debate, not conversation.
In March I'll be doing a free workshop on conversational arts. We'll do some fun games and have some great talks. If you're interested in joining, send me an email and I'll let you know the when and where.


Travel RSP - Borjomi - 5* Health resort "Rixos Borjomi"
Borjomi 5* Health resort "Rixos Borjomi"
The hotel "Rixos Borjomi" 5* was opened in January 2015. The hotel is located in the most picturesque corner of Borjomi district - Likani, surrounded by magnificent panoramic landscapes with velvet forests and crystal clear mountain rivers, which allow hotel guests to enjoy fully the resort rest. The resort is considered royal in the literal sense of the word - in the 19th century the royal summer palace was built here, and the property of mineral mineral waters was known in ancient times - the proof are stone baths discovered during archaeological excavations.
There are 151 elegant rooms of high class with magnificent views of the mountains, several exquisite restaurants and bars (Georgian and European cuisine menu), as well as 3 modern conference rooms and a banquet hall for meetings at the highest level. All halls are characterized by an exclusive atmosphere, as well as the latest technologies. Every day in the lobby of the hotel live music is played, and in the evenings are often held concerts of classical music.
The real gem of the hotel - "Rixos Anjana Spa" will open for you a mysterious world of true delights - indulge yourself in hammam, plunge into a truly royal pool, recharge your energy in the fitness center, enjoy the sauna, and finally, visit the beauty and relaxation center for an unforgettable massage and aromatherapy. High quality of service and attentive staff - all this provides the most relaxing environment for a perfect holiday.
The rooms have safe; air conditioning; desktop; extra long beds; heating; soundproofing; floors with different coating (carpet, wooden, tile); wardrobe; hypoallergenic room; clothes dryer; shower; bath; hairdryer; bathrobe; toiletries; slippers; phone; flat-screen TV; mini-bar (extra charge); electric kettle. The smallest tourists enjoy a club.
Deluxe double room rate from 105 USD!


As seen in The New York Times Holiday Gift Ideas and Guide, the elegant Pen Container from ystudio is made from Bronze and Wenge Wood.
They don't have all the answers, but will direct you towards a variety of useful ideas that are guaranteed to stimulate, provoke, nourish and console. Good thinking requires good tools.
One thing drawing helps us with is the bizarre fact that we generally don't actually notice very much of what is around us in the world. It's a huge, unendingly valuable lesson: there's so much going on around us all the time that we don't really see until we make ourselves look at it.


We offer a full service bar and restaurant serving breakfast, lunch and dinner. Come on out and enjoy a delicous home cooked meal with an amazing view of the Island Park Reservior. You can either enjoy your meal in the dining room, the bar, or even on the deck.
We have a full menu for Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner. We offer an amazing dinner serving anything from a Ribeye steak to a delicous Shrimp Cocktail. We have the best burgers and sandwhiches for lunch.
Come check out everything on our menu and enjoy an amazing meal with us.


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CHORAL - VOCAL - CHOIR SHEET MUSIC > CONTEMPORARY - 20-21TH CENTURY >
Marten Jansson - The Choirmaster's Burial - Ssatbb
This piece uses word painting to re-tell Thomas Hardy s classic poem about an old tenor and the death of his choirmaster. The men and women are divided into two choirs; the men represent the old tenor telling the story and the women represent an angelic chorus singing the antiphon In Paradisium from the Requiem Mass. My music is my own and I have never tried to be original. That has always been my motto and I have only tried to use music to express all the feelings which life has to offer. This has led people to describe my music as so sad that it sounds like birds who have lost their wings but also as the happiest classical music that we have ever heard . My compositions are almost all sacred. They express not only my own faith but also my appreciation and respect for the timeless texts that have been used for centuries and centuries. Mårten Jansson (b. 1965), elected member of the Föreningen svenska tonsättare (the Society of Swedish Composers), graduated from the Royal College of Music, Stockholm (KHM) with an MFA degree in Music Education, Dalcroze Eurhythmics and Voice. For more than ten years he was the music director and conductor of Carmen , one of the most prominent womens vocal ensembles in Sweden. He currently teaches choral conducting and music theory as well as giving vocal tuition at the Bolandgymnasiet and Musikskolan in his home town of Uppsala. Audio file: www.youtube.com/user/BaerenreiterVerlag: www.youtube.com/watch v=Ubksy6_w4e4 Edition no.: BA 7413 ISMN: 9790006521036 Language(s) of work: English Product format: Choral score Includes the following individual parts: Mixed choir (SSATBB) Binding: Stapled Pages / Format: 16 S. - 27,0 x 19,0 cm
Choral SSATBB
European Sellers
Compare Price & Stock
Woodbrass : 7-10 days
2.97 EUR - Ships from France
LMI-Partitions (french language only) : 3-5 days
Jansson Marten : The Choirmaster's Burial
The Choirmaster's Burial
SSATBB A Cappella
(Choral Works a cappella). Composed by Marten Jansson. For SSATBB choir. Stapled. Level 4. Choral score. Published by Baerenreiter Verlag


You've researched our website, followed our progress on social media, and decided that KIPP Jacksonville Schools may be the right place for you.
We accept applications for both instructional and non-instructional roles through our KIPP Careers Regional Job Board. Many of our instructional postings are defined by title and general grade levels; please clearly rank your grade and subject preferences in your application.
The standard application will allow you to upload a resume (required) and answer questions related to your experiences. If you decide to apply to multiple job postings, we typically prefer that applicants include what their first preference is somewhere within their profile on KIPP Careers. In KIPP Careers, you create one profile and then can submit multiple job applications.
Applications are reviewed on a rolling basis once submitted. Due to a high number of applicants, we are not always able to respond to every applicant, although we make efforts to do so. It is helpful to us if you submit as much information regarding certification as possible and professional references that will respond quickly to requests.
After an instructional application is submitted, the interviewing process (if invited to move forward) typically has several steps. Candidates are invited via email to each next step when applicable. Candidates may be exited at any point within our process.
Choose the right position for your experience.
It is not necessary to apply for multiple Lead positions. Please choose the position that most interests you and that you feel would be the best fit. It is not necessary to apply for both a Lead position and a Baker Teaching Fellowship position. Please choose the one that best fits your experience.
Take your time on your application, as we do read all of the responses. We want to know more about you, and this is the first opportunity for us to learn.
Be clear on your current levels of certification or certification eligibility and what your preferences are in terms of grade levels and subject preferences. If you're expecting certification by a certain date, please include that.
Research the work we do at KIPP Jacksonville Schools and be clear on our mission. Subscribe to our newsletter, follow us on social media, call a recruiter to ask questions, and come out to the schools for a visit.
Check your email frequently; communications about your application are initially sent through the email address you list. There are often timelines attached to next steps if your application is advanced.
We typically require a video of an applicant teaching in our process so it never hurts to be prepared and start thinking through that requirement. We do not expect professional quality videos and usually request a ten minute video. If you're invited to a final interview, know your availability and be prepared to purchase airfare or hotel accommodations if traveling from out of state.
Ask for references before applying.
If advanced to the final round, you will submit five references to our region. At least one is required to be from a supervisor. Please start to think of responsible references that will respond in a timely manner on your behalf.


Z. combrPicture2Life is a powerful, but simple and easy-to-use online image editor which also allows you to create collages and animated gif039;s (or animations) httpwww. brhttpwww. net its much betterSorry, but there is no other way. I have a Swedish penpal I talk to nearly everyday. gendou. Vol. 1 people from borrowing others music. The more you listen to them and let Vol. 1 talk the more they Vol.1 think YOU are a great conversationalist. are all just as high quality as the actual song itself, which they don039;t need to be, thus wasting some space. html If you can039;t use rapidshare tell me.


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Visit CMY
Shared Understanding
Collective Assessment
Family and Community Voice
Schools Standing Up To Racism
A resource for Victorian secondary schools.
So you want to address racism within your school setting but you're unsure where to begin? Here are some resources designed to support school leadership in setting off on a positive pathway.
Hear from students and young people with lived experience, and explore key terms and concepts.
Understanding your school, community and personal context is a key step in creating meaningful change.
Support your students to express their views and be agents of change.
Get your entire school community on board in addressing racism and discrimination.
About Schools Standing Up To Racism
Schools Standing Up to Racism is a collaboration between the Centre for Multicultural Youth (CMY) and the Victorian Department of Education and Training (DET), offering a range of resources to support schools to address racism and discrimination in their school environment.
Addressing racism and discrimination within schools and the broader community is challenging. Every school, every student, every staff member and every community is at a different stage of the journey, and has a unique context. Acknowledging this, the Schools Standing Up to Racism site provides a range of strategies, ideas and tools to reinforce your school's response.
The resources within this site aim to support schools to create safe spaces in which to build the intercultural awareness and understanding required to overcome the barriers to proactively talking about, and addressing, racism and discrimination.
Schools Standing Up to Racism encourages a whole-of-school approach, which actively promotes, encourages and supports student voice in order to create meaningful and sustainable change. Our diversity is our strength, and every one of us can take action to create the cohesive community to which we all want to belong.
Mohamed's Story
The Schools Standing Up To Racism resource was supported by the Victorian Government.


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Explore /
Exhibitions /
Past Exhibitions /
Vive l'Amérique: French Children Welcome Their American Ally
March 21 – Oct. 15, 2017, Ellis Gallery
When the Great War started in the summer of 1914, a school teacher in the Montmartre district of Paris asked his students, boys ages 8-13, to write essays and express in drawings how the war would affect their daily lives.
The children produced hundreds of drawings and essays reflecting on the changing nature of the war, political leaders, letters to their relatives on the front line, and daily food rationing. Despite these changes, the students still went to class, did their homework, and continued their lives as normally as possible.
In April 1917 when the United States declared war on Germany, the students reflected upon what this action meant to them and how it could make a difference in the war's outcome through both writing and drawing. The students drew a range of subjects including depictions of French people enthusiastically welcoming American soldiers, these "doughboys" in camp practicing training maneuvers in Montmartre, and their daily relations with the Allies. The drawings also depict and emphasize the historical connection between France and America, dating to the American War of Independence and various expressions of the Franco-American alliance.
Vive l'Amérique: French Children Welcome Their American Ally features 30 drawings and two essays on loan from Le Vieux Montmartre Historical Society. This marks the first time these drawings have been on exhibit anywhere in the world. The items predominantly focus on America entering the war, while other drawings depict the students playing war in the neighborhood, attending class, and one of an American relief organization's workers serving meals to needy Parisians in the East railway station.
The drawings provide a unique lens in which to discuss war through the eyes of children, whose stories are often untold.
The exhibition is supported by the Francis Family Foundation, the Abend Family Philanthropic Fund, and the Cyprienne Simchowitz and Gerald White Fund.
On the left, a teacher explains the role of the United States in the Great War to his class; on the right, a U.S. soldier holds an American flag.
The Americans at the Gare de l'Est or East Railway Station in Paris.
American troops arrive in France, July 12, 1917.
The Americans settle at the Moulin de la Galette in Montmartre.
On the right side of the image, American troops parade in the Tuileries Park in Paris, June 19, 1917.
American troops arrive at Saint-Nazaire on July 2, 1917.
The United States helps French orphans who have lost their fathers during the war. Bottom left: an orphaned child mourns the loss of his father and right: a school scene.
American soldiers leave Paris to go fight in the trenches beside their French allies, July 8, 1917.
American troops have rented the Moulin de la Galette, Oct. 20, 1917.


Sébastien Jodoin & Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger, (eds.), Sustainable Development, International Criminal Law, and Treaty Implementation (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2013).
Sustainable Development, International Criminal Justice, and Treaty Implementation provides a serious and timely perspective on the relationship between two important and dynamic fields of international law. Comprised of chapters written by leading academics and international lawyers, this book examines how the principles and practices of international criminal law and sustainable development can contribute to one another's elaboration, interpretation, and implementation. Chapters in the book discuss the potential and limitations of international criminalization as a means for protecting the basic foundations of sustainable development; the role of existing international crimes in penalizing serious forms of economic, social, environmental, and cultural harm; the indirect linkages that have developed between sustainable development and various mechanisms of criminal accountability and redress; and innovative proposals to broaden the scope of international criminal justice. With its rigorous and innovative arguments, this book forms a unique and urgent contribution to current debates on the future of global justice and sustainability.


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Q: FHIR merge patients Is there a specified or recommended way of merging two (or more) patients in FHIR?
Using the REST style merge could be implemented by posting an update to the Patient resource changing the Patient.link element, but this doesn't seem very explicit for a signficant operation such as merge.
An alternative possibility would be to define a $merge operation on the Patient resource.
Does the specification (or the FHIR community) have patterns/suggestions for this?

A: RESTful changes tend not to be terribly explicit.  You just replace one record with another one.  (Which means that fine-grained permission control either needs to be done on the client side or there's extra work for the server to figure out what the update is actually doing.)
FHIR supports REST, Services (e.g. Operations) and Messaging as equally valid paradigms to maintain content.  "Merge" could be handled by any of them - it really depends what behavior you want.  An Operation or Message would allow you to easily establish a bi-directional linkage if that was important to you.  Messaging would allow asynchronous and indirect invocation.  REST is simplest and requires the least up-front negotiation.
In general, most implementers seem to follow the pattern of "do it with REST if you can, use services otherwise and fall back to messaging if that's your architecture or you require indirect/asynchronous response".

A: Using the REST style merge could be implemented by posting an update to
the Patient resource changing the Patient.link element, but this doesn't
seem very explicit for a signficant operation such as merge.

Patient.link is Link to another patient resource that concerns the same actual person so it is not for merging records.
Person resource's link can be used to link various Patient.
And then query on patient may know from Person->link to find all Patients records/ to achieve merge records.


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Benjamin Tucker Tanner
The Black Freedom Struggle
Major Figures and Events
Slavery & Abolition
Segregation and Jim Crow
Benjamin Tucker Tanner. Public Domain. Wikimedia Commons.
by Femi Lewis
Femi Lewis is a writer and history and literature teacher who specializes in African-American history.
Benjamin Tucker Tanner was a prominent figure in the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church . As a clergyman and news editor, Tucker played a pivotal role in the lives of African-Americans as the Jim Crow Era became a reality. Throughout his career as a religious leader, Tucker integrated the importance of social and political power with fighting racial inequality.
Tanner was born on December 25, 1835 in Pittsburgh to Hugh and Isabella Tanner.
At the age of 17, Tanner became a student at Avery College. By 1856, Tanner had joined the AME Church and continued to further his education at Western Theological Seminary. While a seminary student, Tanner received his license to preach in the AME Church.
While studying at Avery College, Tanner met and married Sarah Elizabeth Miller, a former slave who had escaped on the Underground Railroad. Through their union, the couple had four children, including Halle Tanner Dillon Johnson, one of the first African-American women to become a physician in the United States and Henry Osawa Tanner, the most distinguished African-American artist of the 19th Century.
In 1860, Tanner graduated from Western Theological Seminary with a pastoral certificate. Within two years, he established an AME Church in Washington D.C.
Benjamin Tucker Tanner: AME Minister and Bishop
While serving as a minister, Tanner established the United States' first school for freed African-Americans in the United States Navy Yard in Washington D.C. Several years later, he supervised freedman's schools in Frederick County, Maryland. During this time, he also published his first book, An Apology for African Methodism in 1867.
Elected Secretary of the AME General Conference in 1868, Tanner was also named editor of Christian Recorder. The Christian Recorder soon became the largest circulating African-American newspapers in the United States.
By 1878, Tanner received his Doctor of Divinity degree from Wilberforce College.
Soon after, Tanner published his book, Outline and Government of the AME Church and was appointed editor of the newly established AME newspaper, AME Church Review. In 1888, Tanner became a bishop of the AME Church.
Tanner died on January 14, 1923 in Washington D.C.
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For the 24 hours to 23:00 GMT, the AUD declined 0.57% against the USD and closed at 0.7357.
LME Copper prices declined 12.8% or $779.0/MT to $5982.0/MT. Aluminium prices rose 1.1% or $22.0/MT to $2062.0/MT.
In the Asian session, at GMT0300, the pair is trading at 0.7352, with the AUD trading 0.07% lower against the USD from yesterday's close.
The pair is expected to find support at 0.7303, and a fall through could take it to the next support level of 0.7254. The pair is expected to find its first resistance at 0.7416, and a rise through could take it to the next resistance level of 0.7480.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using Sopka.Tools.CodeWriters.Umbrello;

namespace Sopka.Tools.CodeWriters.Generators.Umbrello
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Write enum code into writer by enumDefinition - supported umbrello extensions
    /// </summary>
    public sealed class EnumUmbrelloGenerator : IGenerator
    {
        private readonly CSharpWriter _writer;
        private readonly XmiModels.UmlEnumeration _enumDefinition;
        private readonly UmbrelloContext _context;

        public EnumUmbrelloGenerator(CSharpWriter writer, XmiModels.UmlEnumeration enumDefinition, UmbrelloContext context)
        {
            _writer = writer;
            _enumDefinition = enumDefinition;
            _context = context;
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            _writer.Dispose();
        }

        public void Initialize()
        {
            _writer.OpenOrCreate();
            _writer.WriteUsing("System");
            _writer.WriteNamespace(_context.GetNamespaceForNode(_enumDefinition));
        }

        public void Run()
        {
            var summary = _enumDefinition.GetSummary(_context.SummaryLanguage);
            _writer.WriteEmptyLine();
            _writer.WriteSummary(summary);
            if (_enumDefinition.GetFlags())
            {
                _writer.WriteAttribute("Flags");
            }
            _writer.WriteEnum(CSharpWriter.ScopePublic, _enumDefinition.Name);
            try
            {
                foreach (var member in _enumDefinition.Literals)
                {
                    _writer.WriteEmptyLine();
                    _writer.WriteSummary(member.GetSummary(_context.SummaryLanguage));
                    _writer.Write($"{member.Name} = {member.Value},");
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                _writer.EndScope();
            }
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Hughes stepping down as Kentucky Democratic Party chairman
Updated: 12:39 PM EST Jan 9, 2016
After less than a year on the job, Kentucky Democratic Party Chairman Patrick Hughes plans to step down from the job.In an email to fellow Democrats, Hughes says he is resigning to fully focus on his law practice.Hughes says he notified the party's State Central Executive Committee. The Edgewood attorney says he will do everything he can to ensure a "smooth transition" for his successor.Hughes' announcement late Friday comes at a time when the Democratic Party is at a low ebb in Kentucky.Democrats lost the governorship and some other statewide offices in last year's election. Democrats are clinging to a slim majority in the Kentucky House. House Republican Leader Jeff Hoover is predicting Monday will be "an historic day" in Kentucky. He has declined to elaborate.
LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) —
After less than a year on the job, Kentucky Democratic Party Chairman Patrick Hughes plans to step down from the job.
In an email to fellow Democrats, Hughes says he is resigning to fully focus on his law practice.
Hughes says he notified the party's State Central Executive Committee. The Edgewood attorney says he will do everything he can to ensure a "smooth transition" for his successor.
Hughes' announcement late Friday comes at a time when the Democratic Party is at a low ebb in Kentucky.
Democrats lost the governorship and some other statewide offices in last year's election. Democrats are clinging to a slim majority in the Kentucky House. House Republican Leader Jeff Hoover is predicting Monday will be "an historic day" in Kentucky. He has declined to elaborate.


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All content in the pages, articles and products of this website represents the views and experiences of the author only. And whilst the recommendations and ideas presented have had a dramatic positive influence on the outcome of the author's mental health, nothing contained in this website or in any of the author's products are intended to be used as medical advice and are not intended to be used to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease or condition, nor should any of these ideas and recommendations be used as a substitute for your own health professional's advice. You are encouraged to please do your own research and make your own independent decisions.


the Author of "Mabel's Progress"
The Author of "Guy Livingstone"
the Author of "My Daughter Elinor"
The Handy-Book of Husbandry, by George E. Waring, Jr.
The Handy-Book of Husbandry by George E. Waring, Jr.
the Author of "On the Heights"
Was It H, or K?
What Did Miss Darington See?
What to do with the Surplus?
"The Woman Thou gavest with me"


How much of my secret do you get to keep?
How much of my secret?
You would never guess that you are happily married by the intensity of your poetry.
That's meant to be a compliment. I know from a post you and your husband did together that you love one another deeply. Your poetry, though, is wrought with yearning.
My pleasure. Don't always have the time or energy to do so, but made the time today.
Hey Kitt! I thought about you yesterday, glad to hear from you!
Awesomeness on your comment, thank you for that! Its very encouraging to me as a writer to know that when I put my heart to pen and my pen to paper that what I felt is translating to the reader. So that no matter when it happened, it's felt in real time. It's honest writing.
You definitely sound present, real and raw.


text:
Taylor Swift to perform on Strictly Come Dancing 2019 final
The 17th series of BBC One's hit ballroom dancing competition comes to a close on Saturday - and pop superstar Swift will be making an appearance
By Louis Chilton
Saturday, 14th December 2019 at 5:45 pm
It's huge news for Strictly Come Dancing fans and Swifties alike! Pop megastar Taylor Swift is set to perform on the series final of the BBC's popular dance competition.
The Grand Final, which airs on Saturday, sees the remaining three couples take to the dance floor one last time, competing for the ultimate title of champion. Swift will make a guest appearance on the show, delivering a live performance of a track from her acclaimed 2019 album, Lover.
Swift is by no means the first huge name to play a Strictly final, with previous guests including Ed Sheeran and Michael Buble. The current series – Strictly's 17th – has already featured performances from hitmakers such as Lewis Capaldi, Kylie Minogue and Westlife.
The three couples remaining in the competition are: Eastenders actress Emma Barton (dancing with Anton du Beke), CBBC presenter Karim Zeroual (dancing with Amy Dowden) and Emmerdale actor Keelvin Fletcher (dancing with Oti Mabuse).
The pairs have bested 13 weeks of the competition, and will join together with the whole class of 2019 to perform a final group dance during Saturday's final, as well as three routines each – one selected by the judges, one showdance and one previous favourite from the series.
Tess Daly and Claudia Winkleman return to host the live proceedings, while Shirley Ballas, Bruno Tonioli, Craig Revel Horwood and Motsi Mabuse are the judges once again. Strictly fans at home get to decide the outcome by voting for their champion on the phone.
There's also a Christmas special this Christmas Day, which will bring back some of the most popular contestants from Strictly's past for a yuletide extravaganza.
Swift has enjoyed a year of great critical success, with her album Lover hailed as a return to form for the country-singer-turned-pop-superstar. She also stars in the upcoming film adaptation of the musical Cats, which hits UK cinemas less than a week after the final.
She may be used to playing arena tours, but Strictly offers an exciting stage for her – and her performance is sure to draw huge numbers towards a final that was already hotly anticipated before her involvement.
Strictly Come Dancing concludes on BBC One at 7.05pm on Saturday 14th December, 2019
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2) Porcelain glazed tiles, that is made from porcelain clay, low water absorption, the breaking strength is relatively high. Its main feature is the back of the color is gray or white.
1) Glazed glazed tiles. Suitable for manufacturing "clean" effect.
2) Matte glazed tiles. Suitable for manufacturing "fashion" effect.
The root cause of the cracking is that the stress between the billet and the glaze is greater than the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the billet. When the thermal expansion coefficient of the glaze is larger than that of the green body, the glaze will shrink under the shrinkage, and the glaze will be subjected to tensile stress. When the tensile stress is greater than the ultimate strength that the glaze layer can bear, it will crack.
Regardless of which kind of brick, water absorption is natural, but when the density of the body is too loose, it is not only the problem of water, but the problem of cement. That the cement will penetrate the surface of the sewage.
Square glazed tiles are 152 × 152mm, 200 × 200mm, rectangular glazed tiles with 152 × 200mm, 200 × 300mm, etc., commonly used glazed tiles thickness 5mm and 6mm.


text:
No Justification To Hold Her In Custody: Ex-NCB Head Talks To Faye D'Souza About Rhea's Case
Ira Shukla
Ever since Rhea Chakraborty has been taken behind the bars by the NCB in connection with procuring drugs, there has been a conversation about the legality of her custody.
Does her crime warrant a non-bailable custody? Are the evidences even strong enough for the case to have become so big?
Source: Livemint
BV Kumar, former head of the NCB and one of the biggest experts on narcotics investigation in the country, gave answers to these questions in a conversation with Faye D'Souza.
Source: YouTibe/FayeD'Souza
Starting with Rhea, the main accused in the case, he said that there is no direct link between her and the person selling the drugs.
Which means that she procured drugs for Sushant through a channel which includes her brother Showik, Sushant's manager and other accused like the peddler, and ultimately the person who was the source of supplying the drugs.
He added that Rhea and Sushant both paid for the drugs. Which means that here, too, she wasn't the only person involved.
Source: Deccan Herald
Now, as we already know, no drugs have been seized from Rhea or her brother. So, this entire case is based on statements received during the investigation. Which, according to BV Kumar, cannot be treated as a strong evidence.
No drugs have been seized from her and it's entirely based upon the statement that has been recorded either from her, her brother or the drug suppliers. All of them are co-accused in this case and the evidence given by the co-accused is very weak...the evidential value is questionable.
Source: YouTube/Faye D'Souza
Moving on, if you have been following the case, you must have heard the word 'syndicate' being thrown around. BV Kumar cleared the air on the same and said that the word cannot be used in association with Rhea.
Syndicate is a word which would be used by the investigating agencies for an organisation, which has a huge amount of network, where there is a big amount of procurement from the source, manufacture, storing, transporting, then to the peddlers and then left off to retailers..To call Rhea a 'member of a syndicate' is an exaggeration.
Source: Reddiff
When asked by Faye if he would call this a 'weak' case, he said that he would not want to use that word. However, he did feel that NCB could have taken the more important route of reaching the source or the main supplier of drugs using the statements of those accused in this case.
Instead of concentrating on the addicts, they should have concentrated on the main offenders. That would have been an achievement.
Source: The Print
On being questioned about the NCB making the information public for the media channels to run it, he said that it is not the wisest thing to do because then the people who are actually a part of a syndicate (he used the word 'source') get alarmed.
Keeping everything in mind, he said that Rhea should have been given bail and that there is 'no justification to hold her in custody'. There are many insights on the matter, straight from the expert, and you can listen to them here:
Rhea ChakrabortyFaye D'Souza


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This personalised grey box is lovely way to keep all their memories so you can always treasure them.
The box is 22 x 22 x 6.5 cm and has a snap shut, magnetic closing lid, with a matching ribbon to tie closed.
Wording can be in a colour of your choice, just select your colour from the options below. Let us know the name and dates in the notes section.
The box is sent flat packed, to keep postage and packaging costs down and to ensure safe delivery with no damage.
To pop the box up, you unpeel the square stickers on each corner and pull up the right and left walls. Press all corners together to adhere.


text:
HomeEntertainmentThe White Lotus Season 2 Finale Episode Review, Spoilers, and Ending Explained
The White Lotus Season 2 Finale Episode Review, Spoilers, and Ending Explained
White Lotus Season 2 will be out soon, and fans can't wait. Even though the murder mystery used to be a show that people would watch once and then stop watching if they liked it, the creators decided to try a second season, and now, after a long wait, season 2 is finally coming out.
Reports say that the last season of this show is the second season, which will be out soon. When it comes to the show, it's a mystery/crime thriller where the people who die are more important than the people who are suspected. Stay tuned as we talk about White Louts season 2 in detail.
The whole series takes place in Sicily, where you can spend a week or a vacation. The characters will die as the holiday season starts, and their stories will be told over the holiday week. Along with the tourists, this will be the end for the staff and locals.
Mia, played by Grano, is the main character in this show. She is the most independent character, and she and her best friend Lucia work at a hotel while stealing food, drinks, and clothes from customers' rooms and making the most of it. The White Lotus is more than just a hotel, so no one knows what's behind them.
Grano, while being interviewed and talking about the character, Mia added that she loves the surface and that Mia is a different character. Grano also said that Mia wears skirts that are made of denim and a top and that she is the one who is scared and sometimes loud.
Grano said that as time goes on, Mia finds strength in her body and how she walks, becoming a totally different person. As this show is adding new characters, Grano said in an interview that she watched all of season one to get a sense of what the characters are like. She was surprised to find out what the characters were called and their roles.
When Mia talked about her character, she said both nature and the show are clumsy. She said that while the show is being filmed, she can say it is very messy. She also said that the show is being filmed in a place that fits the environment in Italy because things are different and classy there.
When it comes to spoilers, some characters will die in this season as well. There will be tension between Harper and Ethan in the first five episodes of this show. It's possible that the next target could be one of their friends, like Legahna or Cameron. Cameron and Sullivon have always had some tension and attraction for each other, even as their characters grew.
On the other hand, Jennifer Collidge might have trouble or even die in the second season. She went into the White Lotus before without planning to die, but going back there might not be a good idea because she might not make it out alive. In the last scenes of the first season of this show, Tanya and Portia are seen on a boat. In the second season, they might die.
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