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Karen Gullo
About EFF
EFF History
EFF Victories
Logos and Graphics
Interns and External Fellowships
Special Counsel & Special Advisors
Legal Interns
Tech Interns
Working at EFF
Analyst, Senior Media Relations Specialist
Karen Gullo is an award-winning writer who has reported on public affairs, business, government, and law for more than a decade. As a reporter for Bloomberg News from 2002 to 2015, Karen broke the story of Google's legal challenge over FBI national security letters, in addition to writing about court battles over government surveillance, the fight to legalize gay marriage in California, concerns over how social media companies use customers' confidential information, the Barry Bonds perjury trial, and much more. Before joining Bloomberg, Karen was a reporter for The Associated Press in Washington covering politics—including the 2000 presidential election and the Justice Department—as well as campaign finance and federal contracting practices as a member of an investigative reporting team. Karen is the recipient of national and local journalism awards, including the Jesse H. Neal Award Business Journalism Award and the San Francisco Peninsula Press Club's excellence in journalism awards. She is a native of Chicago and resides in San Francisco.
karen@eff.org
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key_karen.txt
@KEGullo
Deeplinks Posts by Karen
Deeplinks Blog by David Greene, Karen Gullo | October 10, 2018
When Police Misuse Their Power to Control News Coverage, They Shouldn't Be Allowed To Use Probable Cause As a Shield Against Claims of First Amendment Violations
Journalists face increasingly hostile conditions covering public protests, presidential rallies, corruption, and police brutality in the course of work as watchdogs over government power. A case before the U.S. Supreme Court threatens press freedoms even further by potentially giving the government freer rein to arrest media people in retaliation...
Read more about When Police Misuse Their Power to Control News Coverage, They Shouldn't Be Allowed To Use Probable Cause As a Shield Against Claims of First Amendment Violations
Press Release | October 3, 2018
Briefing Thursday: EFF's Eva Galperin and Lookout Discuss, Demo Cybersecurity Attacks On Democracy
Washington, D.C.—On Thursday, Oct. 4, at 2 pm, Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Director of Cybersecurity Eva Galperin will speak at a special session for congressional staffers and representatives about how malware and spyware targeted at mobile devices is being used against dissidents, activists, journalists, and others to disrupt democracy...
Read more about Briefing Thursday: EFF's Eva Galperin and Lookout Discuss, Demo Cybersecurity Attacks On Democracy
Deeplinks Blog by Karen Gullo, David Greene | September 25, 2018
FOSTA Case Update: Court Dismisses Lawsuit Without Ruling on Whether the Statute is Unconstitutional
A federal court considering a challenge to the Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act of 2017, or FOSTA, dismissed the case on Monday.EFF and partner law firms filed a lawsuit in June against the Justice Department on behalf of two human rights organizations, a...
Read more about FOSTA Case Update: Court Dismisses Lawsuit Without Ruling on Whether the Statute is Unconstitutional
Deeplinks Blog by Karen Gullo | September 20, 2018
EFF's Katitza Rodríguez Named One of the Most Influential Latinos in Tech
In well-deserved recognition of her digital rights and privacy work around the globe, EFF International Rights Director Katitza Rodríguez was named by CNET as one of the most influential Latinos in technology this year.We're delighted to see Katitza celebrated for her many years of advocacy on...
Read more about EFF's Katitza Rodríguez Named One of the Most Influential Latinos in Tech
Press Release | August 30, 2018
EFF To Maine, Massachusetts Courts: Rule Requiring Warrants to Access Cell Phone Location Data Applies to Real-Time Searches
Portland, Maine—The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) and the ACLU are urging the state's highest courts in Massachusetts and Maine to rule that law enforcement agents need a warrant to access real-time location information from cell phones, a clear application of a landmark U.S. Supreme Court ruling from June. EFF, in...
Read more about EFF To Maine, Massachusetts Courts: Rule Requiring Warrants to Access Cell Phone Location Data Applies to Real-Time Searches
Deeplinks Blog by Karen Gullo | August 17, 2018
Free Expression Activist and Poet Birgitta Jónsdóttir Joins EFF's Advisory Board
EFF is thrilled to welcome Birgitta Jónsdóttir as a Technical Advisor on our Advisory Board. The founder of Iceland's Pirate Party and a former member of Iceland's Parliament, Birgitta is a poet, artist, and free expression and digital rights activist who is one of the world's most...
Read more about Free Expression Activist and Poet Birgitta Jónsdóttir Joins EFF's Advisory Board
Deeplinks Blog by Jillian C. York, Karen Gullo | August 3, 2018
Facebook Deletes Anti-Unite the Right Event, Claiming Foreign Involvement
Correction—August 7, 2018: Although Facebook found connections between accounts linked to Russia's Internet Research Agency (IRA) and the accounts connected to the canceled event, a post by Chief Security Officer Alex Stamos states that Facebook is not attributing the "coordinated inauthentic behavior" of these accounts to a specific group or...
Read more about Facebook Deletes Anti-Unite the Right Event, Claiming Foreign Involvement
Hearing Thursday: EFF Asks Court to Block Enforcement of FOSTA While Lawsuit Proceeds
Washington, D.C.—On Thursday, July 19, at 4 pm, the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) will urge a federal judge to put enforcement of FOSTA on hold during the pendency of its lawsuit challenging the constitutionality of the federal law. The hold is needed, in part, to allow plaintiff Woodhull Freedom Foundation...
Read more about Hearing Thursday: EFF Asks Court to Block Enforcement of FOSTA While Lawsuit Proceeds
Press Release | May 31, 2018
Facebook, Instagram Lack Transparency on Government-Ordered Content Removal Amid Unprecedented Demands to Censor User Speech, EFF's Annual Who Has Your Back Report Shows
San Francisco, California—Facing increased demands from governments to remove user content, purportedly in the name of combating hate speech and extremism, a handful of social media and app store platforms—including the Apple App Store, Google Play Store, and YouTube—have emerged as leaders in transparency, publicly disclosing how often and why...
Read more about Facebook, Instagram Lack Transparency on Government-Ordered Content Removal Amid Unprecedented Demands to Censor User Speech, EFF's Annual Who Has Your Back Report Shows
Press Conference Tuesday: EFF and Open Internet Advocates Will Urge California Lawmakers to Defend Net Neutrality for Californians
Sacramento, California—On Tuesday, May 29, at 11:30 am, EFF Legislative Counsel Ernesto Falcon will urge state senators to pass a bill that would protect net neutrality in California. A coalition of lawmakers, small businesses, consumer and social justice groups, and open internet advocates are holding a press conference to voice...
Read more about Press Conference Tuesday: EFF and Open Internet Advocates Will Urge California Lawmakers to Defend Net Neutrality for Californians


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NEW CAR PREVIEW: 2016 Honda Civic gets sporty
Home » Automotive News
By Weekly Driver News Service
Honda has introduced, via YouTube, the 2016 Honda Civic sedan, the 10th generation of the enduring compact car. The sedan trim is among several new Civic models that will debut in the fall of 2105.
The coupe, high-performance Si models, a 5-door hatchback and the first Civic Type-R model for the U.S. market will also be unveiled later this year as part of the new chapter in the Civic's 43-year history.
The 2016 Honda Civic will feature two all-new engines – including the first application of Honda turbo engine technology in the U.S. These powerful and fuel-efficient new engines combine with a sophisticated new body and chassis design to deliver incredibly responsive and sporty performance with a higher level of ride refinement and class-leading fuel efficiency.
The new Civics will feature a 2.0-liter, 16-valve, DOHC i-VTEC™ 4-cylinder – the most powerful base engine ever offered on Civic. It will be matched to a 6-speed manual (LX trim) or continuously variable automatic transmission (CVT).
The 2016 Honda Civic will mark the sedan's 10th generation.
Civic Sedans in EX-T, EX-L trims and Touring trims will be powered by a 1.5-liter, direct-injected and turbocharged 16-valve DOHC inline-4, mated to a unique CVT, delivering a new level of responsiveness in this capacity class of turbocharged engine.
The new 1.5-liter powerplant is the first turbocharged engine on a U.S. Honda model and the most powerful engine ever offered on a non-Si Civic in America. Both engines will offer top-in-class performance and fuel efficiency, and are targeted to receive EPA highway fuel economy ratings in excess of 40 mpg. Additional powertrain details and specifications will be announced closer to launch.
The new 2016 Civic Sedan is nearly 2 inches wider and 1 inch lower than the current model. It also has a 1.2-inch longer wheelbase featuring a more compact and sporty front overhang, a longer, more aggressively sculpted hood and fastback-style tail.
The new Civic interior has an additional 3.7 cubic feet of interior space translates into the largest cabin in the compact segment with 2 inches of added rear-seat legroom versus the outgoing model. In front, new ultra-thin front roof pillars enable class-leading forward visibility; and at the rear, trunk space has been increased by 2.6 cubic feet with a lower liftover height, larger opening and wider and taller cargo area. Civic Sedan EX and above trims will feature a 60/40 split and folding rear seat.
The 2016 Civic Sedan offers customers more premium features than ever before. New standard equipment includes automatic climate control – dual-zone on EX-L and higher trims; auto-up/down front power windows; an electronic parking brake with Brake Hold; Walk-Away auto door locks and an adjustable driver's seat thigh support with 14 degrees of tilt (EX-L and above). All Civic Sedan models also feature a larger, reconfigurable new center console with up to 7.2 liters of secure storage space, approaching SUV levels of console utility.
The interior strikes a more premium tone with high-quality materials and high-contrast finishes. These include a new one-piece, soft-touch instrumental panel with molded stitching; more premium seat fabrics; a new full-color TFT center meter (EX and above trims); a center console with piano black finish and high-contrast sliver bezel; door inserts with live stitching; an LED shift indicator and LED overhead lighting; and for EX and higher trims, a leather shift boot. Upper grades offer even more premium features, including an 8-way power adjustable driver's seat, 4-way power front passenger's seat, heated front and rear seats and heated side mirrors.
The 2016 Civic Sedan will be available with the Honda Sensing suite of advanced safety and driver-assistive technologies, including Collision Mitigation Braking, Road Departure Mitigation and, for the first time in a Honda, Adaptive Cruise Control with Low-Speed Follow – bringing new value to the compact segment.
Further, the 2016 Civic lineup joins the freshened 2016 Accord in offering advanced smartphone integration with a new, 7-inch high-definition Display Audio touchscreen, offering tech-savvy customers a more advanced and intuitive connected-car experience.
Apple CarPlay takes the things you want to do with your iPhone while driving and puts them right on your car's built-in display. You can get directions, make calls, send and receive messages, and listen to music right from the touchscreen or by voice via Siri. Supported apps include Phone, Messages, Maps, Music and compatible third party apps. Apple CarPlay is compatible with iOS 8.4 or later and iPhone 5 or later.
Android Auto was designed to give drivers a simple, intuitive way through touch and voice to minimize the potential for distraction so the driver can stay focused on the road. Compatible with Android 5.0 and higher, Android Auto features Google Maps, Google Now, messaging, music and numerous popular apps.
PrevPrevious2016 Acura MDX: More technology, comfort for luxury SUV
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Motivational speaker brings positivity to ASB
Alexa Jamison participates in a training led by Scott Backovich, a youth motivational speaker.
Nihal Karim
Nihal Karim, Staff Writer
Filed under Campus
After speaking for nearly three hours, Youth Motivational Speaker Scott Backovich leaves the Carlmont High School gymnasium only to enter the ASB room.
Backovich isn't the first, and certainly isn't the last, motivational speaker to step foot on the Carlmont campus.
Every year, the ASB invites a motivational speaker on campus. The speaker's job is to inspire Carlmont students to spread positivity around the campus and their community.
"Since it's the beginning of the year, we want the students to have a good mindset about the upcoming year and to have their goals set out," said Olive Peschel, a senior.
Although the speeches focus on various topics, they all have one common theme — positivity. Whether the speech is about self-motivation or anti-bullying, the overall message usually calls for students to be positive and to treat each other with respect and kindness.
"We try not to have the same speaker within the same four years, so that you never have to hear the same speaker twice," Peschel said. "We think out what we want to convey to the student body, and then we find someone who specializes in it."
In order to further spread the message around campus, ASB does various things to make the assembly more memorable.
"We usually put up posters around campus with quotes by the speaker just to really get the message through," Peschel said. "We do random acts of kindness and put up positive or inspirational messages around campus."
After giving his motivational speech about kindness to Carlmont students, Bakovich went to the ASB room to train the leadership members.
"It's important to make sure that the message doesn't just stay in the assembly, and that we take further steps to spread the love, the kindness, and the compassion," Backovich said.
The training that the ASB students participated in required them to work in teams and find effective ways to collaborate with each other.
"This training allows them to practice important skills such as trust and teamwork," said Jim Kelly, the ASB Coordinator. "Trust is especially important. When they learn how to trust each other they can also improve their collaborative skills. Trust is the glue that puts everything together."
At the end of the day, Backovich asked the ASB students to perform a simple, yet somewhat challenging task: to write a letter to someone who could use a little bit of encouragement.
"I think that a day like this truly goes to waste if we don't take these last few minutes to figure out how we can take that kindness, that compassion, that challenge of giving 10 seconds of courage to somebody and applying it to your own school," Backovich said. "Often the simplest things in the world are most impactful."
Gallery|5 Photos
An ASB student writes a kind, handwritten letter to someone at Carlmont.
Welcome Back Assembly speaker promotes hope and compassion
Welcome Back Assembly evokes mixed feelings
Welcome Back assembly teaches students to choose love
Tags: brings, Motivational, positivity, speaker
Nihal is a junior at Carlmont High School. She likes to spend her free time volunteering, reading, and learning about computer science.
Twitter: @nihalkarim2020
We invite comments and responses to our content. Comments that are deemed appropriate and relevant will be published.
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While Microsoft may have done work on ensuring its Windows RT and Windows 8 Modern UI would play well with large-screen devices, starting with its work with Samsung on the original Microsoft Surface right the way through to internal testing of large-format touch-screen wall-mounted displays - but nobody was likely to predict the launch of a commercially-available 55in all-in-one (AIO) PC.
Nevertheless, that's exactly what has happened over in the US: InFocus has announced the BigTouch, a 55in touch-sensitive display packing a PC running Windows 8 with its divisive tile-based Modern UI. With a somewhat disappointing 1,920x1,080 resolution - proof, if proof were needed, that the display portion is a repurposed HDTV panel with added touch-sensitivity - the large-format system also includes a bundled wireless keyboard and mouse fo those who prefer interacting with the system in a more traditional manner.
Anyone, that is, who doesn't need the latest and greatest hardware. While some aspects of the BigTouch, including its two gigabit Ethernet ports, are pretty high-end, its use of a Sandy Bridge-era Core i5 processor is slightly disappointing - although the company claims to be planning to update the product to support Ivy Bridge chips in the future, hopefully before Intel releases the fourth-generation Haswell architecture. Full specifications have not been released, but the system appears to be based in large on the company's existing Windows 7 MondoPad 'Giant Touch Tablet' product, which features a Core i5-2520M processor, 4GB of DDR3 memory, and 2.4GHz 802.11a/g/b/n Wi-Fi.
The BigTouch also includes six USB ports, a 120GB solid-state drive, and a casing that demonstrates InFocus's slight abuse of the 'all-in-one' concept: the computer hardware itself is mounted on the rear of the display in a separate case, which connects to the touch-screen through a proprietary connection. While this, in theory, makes it easier to upgrade and maintain, it also takes away one of the biggest selling points of an all-in-one: the fact that it's all-in-one. If customers are happy with the hardware being functionality separate to the display, there's little to stop them just buying a 55in Full HD multi-touch display and mounting something like the Intel NUC on a VESA bracket at the rear.
Thus far, InFocus has not confirmed plans to release the device outside the US, where it is to retail for an impressive $4,999 (£3,306 excluding taxes) - a price that will keep it firmly out of most people's living room.


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INVESTINGPERSONAL FINANCERETIREMENTCRYPTOMARKETSHOW-TOVIDEOFINANCIAL ADVISOR CENTERTECHNOLOGY
Top 3 Big-Data Stocks for 2012
The rise of 'big data' could spell big money for IBM, EMC and Teradata.
James Rogers
Apr 16, 2012 2:39 PM EDT
Editor's note: As part of our partnership with Nightly Business Report, TheStreet's James Rogers joined NBR Monday (watch video and read transcript) to discuss the tech stocks investors should watch.
NEW YORK (TheStreet) -- We all know that Silicon Valley loves buzzwords, but investors should pay close attention to the "big data" market, which could spell big money for companies such as IBM (IBM) - Get International Business Machines Corporation Report, EMC (EMC) and Teradata (TDC) - Get Teradata Corporation Report.
Big data refers to the management of vast quantities of unstructured data, or information that is outside the realm of traditional databases. Examples include email messages, PowerPoint presentations, audio, video and social media information.
This is a hot space, to say the least," said Jayson Noland, an analyst at Robert W. Baird, in an email. "I was told the other day that there are 125 start-ups in big data, mostly focused on analytics."
There's no shortage of publicly trade companies that are riding the big data wave. The biggest names are IBM, EMC and Teradata, which have key weapons in their arsenals. Other companies playing in this rapidly-growing space include
(ORCL) - Get Oracle Corporation Report
(NTAP) - Get NetApp, Inc. Report
(HPQ) - Get HP Inc. Report
Hitachi's
( HIT) subsidiary
. Business intelligence specialists
Qlik Technologies
(QLIK)
Tibco Software
(TIBX)
are also making a name in big data.
"Increasingly, the transformation of business itself is being driven by the ability to harness big data," noted David Goulden, the EMC CFO, during the company's recent fourth-quarter conference call. Businesses that can quickly use the vast troves of data both inside and outside their companies, he added, can gain competitive advantage.
Big data is clearly a growth area. JMP Securities estimates valued the market at $9.1 billion market in 2011, a figure that will reach $86.4 billion by 2021.
Read on for more details on tech's top 3 big-data stocks:
Market Cap: $236.42 billion
Hardware and software giant IBM, which reports its fiscal first-quarter results on Tuesday, has an extensive strategy for tackling big data. At the heart of Big Blue's efforts are data warehouse appliances from the company's $1.7 billion acquisition of
"IBM sells standalone Netezza Big Data appliances but is also incorporating them in a broader strategy with its other database, business intelligence and analytics and data management solutions," explained Charles King, principal analyst at research firm Pund-IT.
Speaking during IBM's
fourth-quarter
conference call in January, CFO Mark Loughridge noted that the firm's Netezza revenue climbed 70% year-over-year. "We could have done even better on Netezza but we sold out the box," he explained. "Netezza turned out to be a very, very strong acquisition for us."
Additionally, almost a third of Netezza transactions during the quarter were with new customers. Big Blue has also expanded the Netezza customer base by over 40% since completing the acquisition less than two years ago.
Netezza, however, is just one part of IBM's big data story, which also encompasses InfoSphere software for exploring, analyzing and cleansing data . The company also touts its Smart Analytics System, a combination of server and storage hardware with text analytics and data mining software, for companies wrestling with unstructured data.
Big data feeds into IBM's broader push into analytics, epitomized by its purchases of business intelligence specialist
and predictive analytics firm
. The Armonk, N.Y.-based tech giant, which has acquired 28 analytics companies since 2005, expects to generate $16 billion in analytics revenue by 2015.
Underlining this effort, IBM launched its PureSystems offerings last week; packages of servers, storage, networking and tightly-integrated analytics software. The company also purchased privately-held sales analytics specialist
Varicent
IBM, which recently a new all-time high, is expected to report yet another
decent quarter
on Tuesday, boosted by big data and analytics.
ratings rates IBM's stock 'buy' thanks to the company's sales growth, return on equity and future upside potential.
Market Cap: $59.81 billion
Storage giant EMC, which reports its first-quarter results on Thursday, is another top big data stock.
"They are front and center in terms of the trend of big data," Daniel Ives, senior analyst at FBR Capital Markets, said. "They are a major beneficiary, and, I think, as well positioned as anyone, especially on the storage side, which continues to see major secular tailwinds."
Other analysts have also highlighted the importance of EMC's Greenplum division in delivering big data dollars. "Big Data means different things to different people - some think storage and some think analytics," explained Jayson Noland, an analyst at Robert W. Baird, in an email. "
I would say EMC can do both with the Greenplum acquisition."
The Hopkinton, Mass.-based firm acquired data warehouse and business intelligence specialist Greenplum in 2010, and has used the company as the launch pad for its big data efforts. Late last year, for example, EMC launched the Greenplum Unified Analytics Platform (UAP) as a way for businesses to quickly process structured and unstructured data, and share the results across different parts of the organization.
Speaking during EMC's fourth-quarter conference call, CFO David Goulden lauded Greenplum's performance, clinching new customers in industries such as health care, retail, technology and communications.
In addition to Greenplum, EMC also offers its Isilon hardware for big data storage, fuelling the firm's recent
record results
. Isilon revenue more than doubled year-over-year in the fourth quarter, and also in 2011. EMC plans to refresh its Isilon product line this year, which should strengthen its big data efforts.
ISI Group analyst Brian Marshall rates EMC as one of his "top three ideas" for investors in 2012, citing the company's ability to serve the
cloud-computing boom
and its successful M&A strategy in areas such as big data. Marshall also sees the growing adoption of technologies such as the Unified Analytics Platform as a near-term catalyst for the company's stock.
EMC also has a decent price-to-earnings ratio, particularly when compared to rivals such as
, which points to future earnings growth.
Ratings rates EMC's stock a 'buy' on the strength of its strong earnings and revenue growth, expanding profit margins, good cash flow from operations and solid stock performance.
Teradata, which has recently been hitting
, is perfectly positioned for the big data boom.
"They have been in the big data business for a long, long time," Greg McDowell, an analyst at JMP Securities, said. "They are the leading data warehouse vendor."
"Teradata's data warehousing solutions have long been highly regarded and the company should be considered a major big data competitor," agreed Pund-IT's King. The San Diego-based company, he noted, added text analytics to its data warehousing offerings in 2010, bolstering its big data story.
Last year Teradata also bought software maker
Aster Data
, which specializes in analyzing unstructured data. "The primary reason for the acquisition wasn't to drive short-term revenue and operating income," explained Teradata CEO Michael Koehler, during the company's recent fourth-quarter conference call. The deal, he added, was more about moving big data out of its current e-commerce niche into the mainstream market.
Teradata is certainly on an upward trajectory, as evidenced by the company's recent record fourth quarter and full-year results. The Atlanta-based firm has also grown its customer base by more than 50% over the past four years, increased its revenue by almost $600 million and nearly doubled its market cap.
Set against this backdrop, Teradata shares have climbed more than 40% this year. Technical analysis of the stock, however, suggests that it's still somewhat undervalued and has more room to grow.
"Our overall sense is that the demand environment remains healthy for Teradata's solutions and that the company remains comfortable with its first-quarter guidance of 'good revenue growth' and full year expectations of 10% to 12% revenue growth (11% to 13% at constant currency)," explained JMP's McDowell, in a recent note. "We continue to like Teradata because it is the leading data warehousing vendor and we believe it stands to benefit from the big data trend more than any other technology vendor."
JMP rates Teradata 'market outperform' and has a $72 price target on the stock.
Ratings rates Teradata 'buy', citing the firm's revenue growth, compelling growth in net income, and its solid financial position.
--Written by James Rogers in New York.
http://twitter.com/jamesjrogers
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Watch The Hobbit: the Desolation of Smaug…recut by Honest Trailers
Refresh your memory of the flaws of the second Hobbit movie before you see the finale
By Huw Fullerton
Wednesday, 17th December 2014 at 12:49 pm
http://www.youtube.com/v/XFAGVVt0HvA&hl=en&fs=1
The final film in The Hobbit trilogy came out last Friday, and sees Bilbo (Martin Freeman) and his team of dwarves finally reach the end of their epic quest. Yet after a year's gap many cinema-goers might need a reminder of what happened in the second instalment. After all, these films are pretty long.
Fortunately, the Honest Trailers team – who like to point out the flaws in popular movies – have out together their own take on The Hobbit trilogy's second film The Desolation of Smaug to refresh your memory…or put you off going entirely.
So sit back and enjoy more slow walking, New Zealand's most scenic green-screens and flashbacks galore before you head to the cinema that one last time.
Or in the words of the Honest Trailer team: two down, one to go…
The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies is in cinemas now
Middle Earth prepares for battle in the first trailer for The Hobbit: The Battle of Five Armies
The Hobbit producer: film rights to remaining Tolkien tales are "not available"
All about The Hobbit: the Desolation of Smaug
The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies "Brings a much-needed shot of adrenaline – and relief"
Final Hobbit film delayed by five months


NUR-SULTAN. KAZINFORM Today's Birthdays is the one-stop shop where you can learn about prominent Kazakhstani people who were born on the 25th of March.
Statesman and public figure Nygmet NURMAKOV was born 124 years ago. Born in Karaganda region, he was a graduate of the Omsk Teachers' Seminary. Nurmakov played an important role in the history of Kazakhstan. He was the one who initiated the transfer of the capital from Orenburg to Kyzylorda and then to Almaty, held many responsible posts, initiated the switch to the Kazakh language. At the age of 42 he was arrested and gunned down by the Soviet authorities. Nygmet Nurmakov was rehabilitated posthumously in 1950s.
Renowned dombra player and People's Artist of the Republic of Kazakhstan Karshymbai (Karshyga) AKHMEDIYAROV was born 73 years ago. He was a graduate of the Almaty Conservatory. He toured Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Cuba, Finland, France, Italy, China, Japan and many other countries as part of the orchestra of national musical instruments. He was granted the title of the Honored Artist of the Kazakh SSR in 1981. He passed away in 2010.
Prominent journalist Yergali SAGAT was born 70 years ago. Born in Zhambyl region, he is a graduate of the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Throughout his career he worked for such newspapers as Leninshil zhas and Almaty akshamy.
Kazakhstani statesman and public figure Alikhan BAIMENOV was born 60 years ago. Native of Dzhezkazgan region, he is a graduate of the Karaganda Polytechnic Institute. He served as the Head of the Presidential Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Chairman of the Agency for Civil Service Affairs, Deputy of the Majilis, the lower chamber of the Kazakh Parliament of the third convocation, Chairman of the Ak Zhol Democratic Party, etc.


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Jermaine O'Neal Has the Last Say
By Tom Lewis@IndyCornrows Aug 8, 2007, 10:01pm EDT
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At least for today. Pacers.com has posted a Q & A with J.O. that includes lengthy, thoughtful, and in some cases impassioned responses to once and for all explain his where he thinks he stands with the Pacers. It all sounds good and I'd love to see this team roll with a healthy J.O. So enjoy this beauty because J.O. can't have many more words to offer on the subject.
My favorite answer has to do with O'B. I've been waiting all summer to hear what J.O. thinks about the coaching change and he addresses the topic thoroughly.
Q. Not to disparage Rick in any way but often when a team changes a coach, can't that by itself have a significant impact on a team?
A. Fans live it through the media but we live it in our environment. When so much negative stuff happens, it wears on you. Sometimes you think, 'Is it better in another situation?' You're human. You have those thoughts. Is the grass greener elsewhere? But when Coach O'Brien was hired he sat me down and we had a great conversation for maybe an hour, hour-and-a-half and he let me know he really wanted me to be here, that he was a fan of what I can do as a player. That alone helps you rejuvenate your thought process. Any time you get a staff that has that much confidence in you, it means a lot to a player. To us, it's a new year.
What we want is for the fans to forget about what happened last year. We had a bad year but there's nothing we can do about that. We'd like the support of our fans because we have a great fan base. We have a lot of new guys and we want to be able to go out and put on a show and win as many games as possible.
So, J.O. adds his name to the list of players that are excited to begin the O'B era with the Pacers. Man, there are so many other great answers in this piece, your have to read the whole thing. I have to pull in the concluding answer, though, because if you are a Pacer fan it just might pump you up.
Q. You've said for the past few years, when the discussion has turned to running more, that there's a perception that style would not fit you well. But haven't you always welcomed the idea because it would allow you to better exploit your athleticism?
A. The biggest misconception about me running is that we have played in a very structured system over the last four years. When we take the ball out, the first thing we do is look over to the sideline for the play. You cannot run and there's no need to run if they're calling every play. And I was always designated to take the ball out. So when I get downcourt, everybody's already there. Those are two significant things. If we run more, the defense can't set up on me. If we walk the ball down and run set plays, it's easier to guard me, it's easier to beat up on me, to double- and triple-team me. I don't want to be in that position. I want to be in the position where we can get easy transition points. Our fast-break points were so low last year it was unbelievable. If we can get 18 to 20 points a game off transition, that'd be great. That'd be big for us.
And then you look at a situation like Jamaal Tinsley's. As a point guard, he hasn't been given the reins to call the plays and that's one thing that has disappointed him a lot. He's a point guard that can really push it up and get guys the ball. We all know he can really pass the ball. But it really affects his game when he has to walk it down. He's never, ever been given the reins to just come out and call the play. We've talked about it but it just hasn't been that way.
I would definitely say to fans, there is a reason to be optimistic about this year. There's a big reason to be optimistic about this year. Everybody's into a new situation. We're out of a situation, and I'm not saying it was terrible, where it became predictable. All in all, I know people want to know whether I want to be here. Absolutely - especially after losing last year. That was the first time in my career I had to watch the entire postseason and you sit there and you think about that. It's like putting salt on a wound. You feel like you've failed and to a point you have failed. I have no problem taking the criticism. If you're the leader of the team and your team doesn't make it to the postseason, you deserve to take the criticism. No problem. But I'm going to go out and work harder.
The only thing I've asked of my organization is to keep putting pieces together. We would still like to add another big guy. Jeff Foster will run through a wall for us. We've got to have him. David Harrison is still working hard, rehabbing. But we still need one other guy. If we can get a group of three or four of us, I have no problem playing the four spot, especially if we're getting up and down because that's going to force teams to go smaller. But when we get into situations where we have to play halfcourt sets and I'm playing more minutes at the five than the four, then I'd rather have another big guy in there that can absorb those blows. I took a lot of charges last year, I blocked a lot of shots, I led the team in rebounding and I had to score a lot. That takes a toll.
But all in all I'm healthy, finally. Do I think I'm going to get hurt this year? No. I've never walked into the season with the goal of playing 82 games the last three years because I knew what I was dealing with and I knew it was going to be a process of me getting my body together. A couple of times I walked into camp and I was still rehabbing. But this year, it's totally different. I've stayed around here - quietly - every single day. I only leave on the weekends. I'm here, I'm focused and I'm ready. For the critics out there, I appreciate them. I hear what they say. I criticize myself, too. Even though the last six or seven years I've been one of the most consistent 20-nine (points-rebounds) guys in the league, maybe in the top five. To me, that's not good enough. I take it personally when I hear other people being talked about on that elite level and all of a sudden I'm being pushed out of it. That is a major issue to me. This year, I'll be back. So bear with us, support us. Even if you don't want to support me, support the team because the team needs it. Everybody wants support from their friends and family. When you've got that support, the sky's the limit. When you come out and root loudly for us, that's really going to push us to the next level.
J.O. has the talk down to a science. If he does remain with the Pacers, this is a key time in his career as he heads into the prime years where physical gifts perfectly mesh with veteran savvy and know how. Part of that mix is enhanced leadership ability brought about by experience and maturity. The events of the past few days just may have been the tipping point that propels J.O.'s game and leadership to another level.


Bontrager has today released a different design of cycling helmet that incorporates new technology, developed by themselves, called WaveCel. The technology is designed to be the company's version of MIPS, with similar safety standards from the flexible WaveCel design incorporated into the lid.
In a nutshell the company has developed WaveCel technology, a collapsible cellular material which works to shear, dent and crumple in response to angled impacts and will be using this in road, commuter and mountain bike helmets. Bontrager says their new product deals with both angular and linear impacts without the need to an additional liner. To look at the WaveCel structure looks like Koroyd found in Smith Optics helmets but to touch it's much more flexible, than Koroyd, you can move and flex the lining inside the shell of the lid.
Bontrager says that the lids ability to flex, crumple and glide means that it is 48 times more effective than a standard EPS lid, they also say that from their research they deduce that nearly 99 times out of 100 WaveCel will prevent concussion. The fact that the helmet does change shape under impact means that if the WaveCel liner is damaged then you will need to replace the helmet. That's no different to needing to buy a new lid in the event of a big crash though. Bontrager say they offer a Crash Replacement Guarantee where they will provide a free helmet replacement of involved in a crash in the first year own ownership.
Scientists evaluating the technology - admittedly ones financially linked to WaveCel - compared a helmet with WaveCel, a helmet with MIPS and a regular EPS only lid in a vertical drop test onto an angled surface at speeds of 4.8m/s and 6.2m/s. The data recorded was then used to calculate an injury risk criteria for brain injury. And the results?
The regular EPS helmet saw the highest injury score whereas the MIPS lid and the WaveCel lid scored better with the WaveCel helmet giving a substantially lower score than the MIPS. For example, dropping the lid onto the 45° angles slope at 6.2 m/s saw the MIPS helmets reduce rotational acceleration by 22% and the WaveCel lids reduce rotational acceleration by 73% compared to the EPS only helmets.
There are lots of other data and results from the study with researchers concluding that whilst EPS helmets are effective in preventing skull fractures, they are not so good at preventing the rotational forces known to be associated with brain injuries and concussions. They said that both MIPS and the WaveCel tech improved protection in reducing brain injuries when an impact is taken at an angle.
There are many things to discuss here, there will be many of you out there that are believers in MIPs and other similar technology and there will be some that are sceptics. It is, however, worth noting that some of the scientists involved in the study are financially linked to the concept of the WaveCel technology, so it's not a completely unbiased test. If you want to have a read or should you have trouble sleeping at night, it's all online at trekbikes.com.
The lead engineer of the product, Tony White, says that he feels this is a significant step forward in safety for all types of riders. There seem to be lots of brands aiming for the same thing, we recently looked at the new Specialized Ambush with their Angi safety feature and a proprietary MIPS liner that is dedicated to them for the next year. I'm all for brands working on safety features, especially where the head is concerned; you only get one and it pays to look after it.
There will be four helmets on offer with WaveCel tech, there will be two road helmets which our sister site road.cc will be testing, the Blaze mountain bike helmet that we have here and there is a commuter helmet called the Charge.
This Blaze lid is aimed at trail and enduro riders and will be offered in three different sizes, yep you guessed it; Small, medium and large. We've got a small in for test and have weighed it at 392g which is about 20 grams heavier than a Giro Montara with MIPs in a small or 10 grams heavier than a Bell Sixer, also in small, two of my favourite recent test lids.
So aside from the WaveCel tech the lid has a Boa dial to adjust the cradle, and a nifty magnetic Fidlock fastener under the chip, this is a similar buckle as seen on the Fox Proframe lids. The lid also features a magnetic mount system compatible with the brands own lights and, of course, GoPros. Other features are the three position adjustable peak, a ledge for goggle strap placement and fully adjustable chip straps. The lid will also come in colours other than this "Miami green", you can get it in orange, grey, black and purple. The darker colour lids get grey coloured WaveCel material rather than the green you see here.
In the box there is a spare set of pads with a silicone strip on the forehead section meaning you can choose from the regular pads and these ones that aim to channel the sweat away from the eyes.
The big news is that the helmet will cost £199.99, for reference a Smith Forefront 2 with MIPS is £175, a Troy Lee A2 with MIPS is £140 whereas convertible options with MIPS such as the Bell Super DH 2 is £245, a Bell Super 3R is £200 and a Fox Proframe is £225. The Bontrager Blaze is getting on for being as expensive as convertible or full face enduro options.
Evaluating the price of helmets where a large emphasis is placed on the prevention of brain injuries is a difficult one, as is testing the helmets with impacts in mind! If it does its job well then the price is irrelevant in my mind, but I really don't want to experience a crash big enough to fully test this feature. As with all our test helmets on off-road.cc I'll be reviewing this helmet in terms of its fit, comfort, weight, aesthetics and practical functions and features.


When people hear "digital form", they are not always sure what it is or what it's used for. Many believe that it is a form that is available online. This is true, but only one part of the definition. So what is the true meaning of digital forms?
It's 2016. Everything is digital - from your stove to your alarm clock. Technical specialists have made it possible to integrate technology into everyday tools, to make your life much easier. Let's get back to the question about what is a digital form. What is the first thing that comes to mind? Checklists, manuals and work orders, right? But one thing they all have in common is that forms go hand in hand with paper. That's how we see them- even today we still associate forms with paper. Why should your alarm clock and your watch be digital but your forms still be filled in on paper? This attitude is what we at MoreApp are trying to change; there is no need to continue to waste paper on forms.
Digital forms are the new way of forms, there are no instructions on what forms you have to build and there is no limit to what you can create. Do you have forms that have to constantly be filled in by customers or employees? Are you tired of having to print hundreds of copies of one form? And then refill them to your systems? Do you want to contribute to the planet by diminishing paper waste? Then, MoreApp's digital form is the only way for you.
Now that you have heard the benefits and how digital forms works for you, you may wonder what about the costs? That's the best part, MoreApp offers you a free Form Builder and app to create your forms and fill them in! MoreApp also offers Forever Free or Premium plans and you have the option to choose a plan that best suits your needs.
Now, the next time you are printing out forms, surveys, questionnaire etc. think about how easy it is to transition from paper forms and how it not only benefits you but, also the planet.


text:
Ehnen (Luxemburgs: Einen) is een plaats aan de Moezel in de gemeente Wormeldange en het kanton Grevenmacher in Luxemburg.
Ehnen telt 501 inwoners (2001). De Sint-Rochuskerk is de enige ronde kerk van het Groot-Hertogdom. Verder is er een wijnmuseum.

Plaats in Luxemburg (land)
Wormeldange

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Celebrity Cruises unveils another stunning revolution in ship design: Celebrity Flora is an elevated and inspired approach to marine exploration, meticulously designed expressly for the awe-inspiring Galapagos Islands.
One of the most energy-efficient ships of its size in the diverse archipelago, the 100-guest Celebrity Flora will offer seamless sea-to-shore transportation, and includes anchorless technology that maintains the ship's position while protecting the sensitive sea floor. Innovative outward-facing design gives guests 360-degree views of the islands, while personal suite attendants, new dining venues, an open-air stargazing platform, and expert-lead ecological seminars will round out the modern luxury vacation experience.
The natural beauty of the islands, the diversity and uniqueness of the species that it harbors earned this archipelago the reputation of being a living laboratory of evolutionary processes still in progress. The region made room for the development of a large number of flora and fauna that do not exist anywhere else in the world, making the Galapagos a very unique place of global importance for the common heritage of humanity.
Featuring Celebrity's signature outward-facing design, Celebrity Flora virtually erases boundaries and brings this typically remote destination closer to guests. Educational, research-based programming gives travelers an opportunity to continue learning about the wildlife-rich Galapagos Islands.


text:
package com.github.database.rider.springboot.model.user;

import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
public class User {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private long id;

    @NotNull
    private String email;

    @NotNull
    private String name;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public User(String email, String name) {
        this.email = email;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(long value) {
        this.id = value;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String value) {
        this.email = value;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String value) {
        this.name = value;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        User user = (User) o;

        return id == user.id;

    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return (int) (id ^ (id >>> 32));
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This yellow-colored carrier oil has a golden touch on skin. Easily applied and absorbed, apricot kernel oil is used in bath products, makeup, perfumes, lotions (7), massage oils, body butters and lip products (8). The lightweight oil resembles the body's naturally-produces oil sebum. Often compared to avocado, olive and sesame oils (1), apricot kernel oil can substitute mineral and almond oils (1, Page 101). Its fatty acids act as emollients to nourish dry skin (1) and its vitamins rejuvenate skin's softness and elasticity (8,6, 1,11,9).
Apricot kernel oil acts as a non-greasy emollient (1). Its high amounts of essential fatty acids maintain the balance of moisture and fill in gaps between skin cells to leave skin silky and hydrated (4). Slather this salve over your body to revitalize your rind; oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids (11) are friendly fats that fight off acne, inflammation and dryness while locking in moisture. Count on the oil's linoleic acid to strengthen the skin's barrier function and oleic acid -- a common emollient and emulsifier in cosmetics (5) -- to soften for a satin-like feel and downreaching heal (14).
This carrier oil quickly absorbs into the body (1). As an occlusive (12), it seals in moisture to reveal soft, dewy skin (1). Its vitamin-A content helps lubricate and heal skin (13), leaving it supple and silky. Apricot kernel oil passes deep into the skin to restore skin cell membranes (13, page 35) and provide long-lasting hydration and relief. Its flock of fatty acids nourishes dry, sensitive and scaly skin (1) and easily removes oil-based cosmetics: Instead of scrubbing skin with water, use apricot kernel oil to dissolve dirt, oils and makeup residue while continuing to soften (10, page 59).
Youthful skin can be easily attainable: Think E for elasticity. This oil's high dose of vitamin E boosts the skin's ability to retain elasticity and clarity (1). Antioxidant vitamin E combats free-radical damage and inflammation (2). The oil's unsaturated fatty acids (11) enhance elasticity by making cell membranes more flexible (3).
Think C for collagen; the oil's antioxidant vitamin C promotes collagen production, which gives skin extra stability and suppleness (9). Vitamin C, alongside vitamin E, also masks aging marks by reducing fine lines and wrinkles (13). Similarly, the vitamin A in apricot kernel oil repairs UV-related skin damage and smooths skin to reduce wrinkles, fine lines and rough skin (12).
What Are the Benefits of Using Kukui Nut Oil?
What Are the Benefits of Using Grape Seed Oil on the Face?


Coordination of Estate Planning and Asset Protection | Baxa Advisors, Inc.
A coordinated asset protection and estate plan has become a necessity for entrepreneurs and other businessmen, medical and other professionals. There is almost universal acceptance of the need for estate planning to minimize taxes and provide how property is distributed after death. The idea of safe guarding assets during one's lifetime is not a new idea either, but it has only recently come to the forefront for several reasons.
There has been an explosion of new variations on existing theories of legal liability available to our customers, clients and patients.
Because there is more money involved, more lawyers are willing to pursue these theories of liability on a contingent fee basis.
Taken in concert, these three factors have fueled an explosion of litigation with sometimes devastating and disastrous results. Over 30 million lawsuits were filed in the United States in 2003; many of them may have been without merit.
Asset protection planning is a well recognized practice area of the law. Several years ago the Real Property, Probate and Trust Section of the American Bar Association created an Asset Protection Subcommittee. Within the last 10 years, almost 4 states and 20 countries have passed some form of asset protection trust legislation. In the recent past, asset protection planning was often done without any regard to a person's overall estate plan. Similarly, many estate planners did not incorporate asset protection planning into their recommendations. As wealth preservation planning has evolved, it has become recognized that asset and estate planning are not only compatible, but that they should be done as one process. Asset protection planning should be considered as your lifetime asset preservation plan and estate planning should be used to mitigate taxes at your death and provide a vehicle to transfer property according to your specific wishes. Very few planners open this discussion, let alone understand available sophisticated strategies and techniques that completely coordinate with the clients overall, yet specific, financial objectives.
We believe a proactive and forward thinking planning consultant finds the subject necessary and therefore promotes to integrate the two disciplines of asset protection and estate planning into one process. This is our philosophy.


In the additive RGB color model, color #f3fff5 (hexadecimal – hex triplet) has values of 243 (95% red), 255 (100% green) and 245 (96% blue). In the CMYK (subtractive color model), color #f3fff5 has values 5% cyan, 0% magenta, 4% yellow and 0% black. In the HSL model, it is represented by 130° hue, 100% saturation and 98% lightness. Win32 representation: DWORD COLORREF C=0x005fff3f. Decimal value is 15990773.
#f3fff5 is not web-safe (Netscape). Nearest web-safe color is #ffffff. #f3fff5 isn't X11 color, closest X11 color is MintCream (#f5fffa).
Related colors (alternatives): RAL 9016, RAL 9003, Gray98, White Smoke, Gray99, Baby Powder, Ivory, Light yellow, White, Very Light Pink.
This table contains information about #f3fff5 color values in the most popular color spaces: RGB (additive color model), CMY, CMYK (subtractive color model), HSL, HSI, CIE XYZ. This data can be downloaded in JSON (f3fff5.json) and CSV (f3fff5.csv) formats.
Share your experience with #f3fff5!


text:
Hooray, it's December – but beware the hidden peril of drink driving
Jill Joyce
Jill qualified as a solicitor in 2003 and specialises in Magistrates and Youth Court work. She also provides police station representation and undertakes work in all areas of criminal defence.
Hooray, its December - but beware the hidden peril of drink driving
Many people convicted of driving with excess alcohol leave court with a pretty clear idea as to the length of their driving disqualification, but for a significant number, there is a shock further down the line.
Contrary to popular belief, there is no 'right' to hold a driving licence, merely by having passed a driving test, and not otherwise being disqualified. The Secretary of State for Transport has the right, where the circumstances justify it, to withhold a licence. One of the circumstances where this arises is after a drink drive conviction if the offender is deemed 'high-risk'.
What is a high-risk offender?
The high-risk offender scheme applies to drivers convicted of the following:
one disqualification for driving or being in charge of a vehicle when the level of alcohol in the body equalled or exceeded either one of these measures:
87.5 mcg per 100 ml of breath
200.0 mg per 100 ml of blood
267.5 mg per 100 ml of urine
two disqualifications within the space of 10 years for drink-driving or being in charge of a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol
one disqualification for refusing or failing to supply a specimen for alcohol analysis
one disqualification for refusing to give permission for a laboratory test of a specimen of blood for alcohol analysis.
If I fall into one of those categories, what does it mean?
It means that at the end of your disqualification period, your licence will not be returned.
How do I get my licence back?
There will need to be a medical assessment of your suitability to hold a driving licence; this will consist of:
serum CDT assay
any further testing indicated.
If a licence is awarded, the 'til 70 licence is restored for Group 1 car and motorcycle driving. Consideration may be given to a Group 2 licence.
If a high-risk offender has a previous history of alcohol dependence or persistent misuse but has satisfactory examination and blood tests, a short period licence is issued for ordinary and vocational entitlement but is dependent on their ability to meet the standards as specified.
A high-risk offender found to have a current history of alcohol misuse or dependence and/or unexplained abnormal blood test results will have the application refused.
What does this mean in practice?
You need, if you are regularly consuming large quantities of alcohol (which may be much less than you believe it to be), to reduce your intake significantly, otherwise, this pattern of alcohol abuse will reveal itself when the blood sample is analysed (for liver function markers).
I wish I had been told this at the time?
Unfortunately, our experience shows that clients are not advised of this hidden consequence of drink driving.
Is there any appeal mechanism?
Fortunately, yes there is. We have a dedicated team of road traffic experts ready and able to assist you.
If you would like further advice about this topic, then please contact Jill Joyce by calling 020 7846 4999 or email [email protected]


so processive that their run lengths and times were similar to each other in standard assay buffer, where microtubule length and imaging duration become limiting (Fig. 2, C and D). However, when assayed in high–ionic strength buffer, which decreases dynein's processivity (17), the 7D ensemble was more processive than the 4D ensemble (Fig. 2, C and D, and figs. S4 and S5).
We performed a similar analysis of kinesin alone and kinesin ensembles on the chassis with one, two, four, or seven motor-attachment sites (1K, 2K, 4K, and 7K, respectively; Fig. 2, E to H). The average velocities of the kinesin ensembles remained constant (Fig. 2F and fig. S6A), whereas run lengths and times increased with increasing motor number (Fig. 2, G and H, and fig. S6, B and C).
prestate. Error bars indicate SD.


I like to prepare various Asian dishes and one of the important ingredients I use is rice wine; unfortunately, it's become difficult to obtain lately, and sherry, which is sometimes used, never was a beverage available in my country.
So, what else could I substitute for rice wine?
If you can get it, sherry is usually a good bet but since you can't, I've used just regular white wine before as a substitute when you're cooking a dish but you just need to be a little less liberal as you might be with rice wine as I find the flavour tends to be a little stronger.
Another alternative is Sake, but I'm assuming that if you can't get rice wine, you'll struggle to find Sake.
I've heard that gin is one the closest substitutes in terms of flavor and that regular white wine works as well in a pinch. I haven't had to do this much myself so I'm not sure what kind of ratio you should go with in these substitutions.
Gin.... Gin...... Gin. Works great.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged substitutions asian-cuisine or ask your own question.
What can I use in place of sherry in a recipe with king prawns, garlic and paprika?
Is there a non-alcoholic substitute for rice wine?


text:
Q&A with David Eric Tomlinson
David Eric Tomlinson is the author of the new novel The Midnight Man. His work has appeared in publications including Zouch Magazine and Phantom Drift, and he lives in Dallas.
Q: How did you come up with the idea for The Midnight Man, and why did you set most of it in the 1990s?
A: I was jogging. Lungs burning, legs hurting. Suddenly an image comes to me: a man running along the railroad tracks that bisect downtown Oklahoma City. Where was this guy running? What was he running from? I spent the next five years trying to answer that question.
I grew up in the manufacturing town of Perry, Oklahoma, and had always wanted to write about the 1995 bombing of the Murrah Federal Building, in Oklahoma City. Perry is where Timothy McVeigh was caught, one hour and 18 minutes after detonating his bomb.
The bombing, I decided would be my subject. Early drafts involved only a few characters. There were several detours and false starts. At one point I was writing flashbacks that followed Timothy McVeigh as he prepared for the event. But it was very dark, too dark, and I ended up cutting all of this.
Eventually the story grew into a more structurally complex but emotionally satisfying one. It takes the social forces of that time and place, personifies them – in five very different characters – and follows each, as he or she struggles with complicated racial, political, and social pressures.
While the historical and political forces of the time are all converging toward a horrifying climax, these five characters are overcoming those same forces, to form a kind of family unit. You realize, in the end, that we're all going to be okay. It's a much more hopeful vision than the thriller I set out to write.
Q: You tell the story from a variety of perspectives. Were there some of the characters that you especially enjoyed writing about?
A: This is really a very simple book. It's a story about family – about finding the family you need, rather than the one you're born into. Each of the five main characters has some work to do on themselves, some sort of emotional arc. What none of the characters realizes is that they can't possibly do this work on their own.
In the beginning, everyone is very much alone. As the novel progresses, the characters begin pushing up against – and then slowly empathizing with – those who think and act in fundamentally different ways. We don't become the best version of ourselves in a vacuum. It takes the humility and wisdom to ask for, and to accept, help from others.
All this being said, "Big" Ben Porter was the most interesting character to write. He was also the most difficult. The most complicated. Ben is a bigger than life character – ambitious, successful, funny, manipulative, somewhat dangerous. He represents an acquisitive, power-hungry approach to life that I'm very much opposed to. The character arc I envisioned for him was: "to help someone other than himself."
In the early drafts, I had a lot of trouble writing Ben. Basically, I didn't respect him. It wasn't until I stopped judging him, and began seeing the world from Ben's point of view, that I really began to understand how he could be, not just an interesting character, but even a heroic one.
Q: How would you describe the racial dynamics among the various characters?
A: It would be hard to write a novel about and around the Oklahoma City bombing without addressing race directly. I wanted to show these characters struggling with very real racial tensions, which necessarily requires some uncomfortable moments – but then successfully resolving them. We're all much more alike than we are different.
I think the racial interactions in The Midnight Man are true to that time and place. Both Ben and Cecil are products of an earlier, uglier era, when racial slurs were often used in casual conversation. Dean Goodnight (a Choctaw Indian) and Aura Jefferson (an African American) are subjected to the kind of racial micro-aggressions, at work and at play, which people often intend as humorous asides. Depending on the audience, sometimes the joke lands, or, more often, it feels like a wound.
Something I came to understand, while writing this book, was the difference between bigotry and racism. Bigotry, one character explains to another, is a personal construct. It's a feeling. Racism, however, is the institutionalized effect of that feeling. A bigot in a position of power – the power to deny someone the vote, or a home loan, or railroad them into jail – becomes a very dangerous animal.
Q: How was the book's title chosen, and what does it signify for you?
A: The working title of the novel was originally American Prayer, after The Doors song, which is quoted in the epigraph. My agent suggested The Midnight Man. It's a phrase used by a child, to describe Aura Jefferson's dead brother Carl.
I like the new title because it captures the racial undercurrent running throughout the story, while simultaneously honoring the murder victim who brings all of these characters together.
A: Another novel, though I've become superstitious about discussing my unfinished work, and so don't want to talk much about it. I will say that there is only one main character, so structurally it's much simpler, and it's written in the past tense.
A: I'm hosting a book launch, in Dallas, on Jan. 16, and a few other readings – in Oklahoma, Texas, and elsewhere – throughout 2017. There is also a book club discussion guide provided at the end of the novel. I'm happy to come talk to your club about the story (either in person or via Skype). You can learn more about all of that on my website.
--Interview with Deborah Kalb
Q&A with Melanie Wallace
Q&A with Patricia Hruby Powell
Q&A with Kayla Rae Whitaker
Q&A with Joan Holub
Q&A with Carrie Jenkins
Q&A with Brian Yarvin
Q&A with Rich Lo
Q&A with Elizabeth Minnich
Q&A with Serhii Plokhy
Q&A with Marina Budhos
Q&A with Michael H. Cottman
Q&A with Jonathan White
Q&A with Susan Rivers
Q&A with April Ryan
Q&A with Rion Amilcar Scott
Q&A with Molly Haskell
Q&A with Michelle Ross
January 2017 Jewish Book Carnival
Q&A with Adrienne Ross Scanlan
Q&A with Dwight Holing
Q&A with Kelly Jones
Q&A with Ruta Sepetys
Q&A with Chuck Raasch
Q&A with Brad Taylor
Q&A with Carin Berger
Q&A with Ross Montgomery
Q&A with Carol Vorvain
Q&A with Ann Bausum


Barbary Wars and Pirates: Thomas Jefferson was the 3rd American President who served in office from March 4, 1801 to March 4, 1809. One of the problematic events during his presidency, and that of James Madison, were the Barbary Wars and Pirates.
Summary and definition: The Barbary Wars (also known as the Tripolitan War and the Algerine War) were fought between 1801 - 1815 along the coast of North Africa by African Pirates of the Barbary States against the United States of America.
The first of the Barbary Wars was fought 1801 - 1805 during the presidency of Jefferson and the Second of the Barbary Wars was fought in 1815 during the presidency of James Madison.
The Fleet was sent on May 13, 1801, at the beginning of the Barbary War under the command of Commodore Richard Dale (1756-1826). Commander Dale was ordered to the Mediterranean to engage the pirates. In 1803 a naval blockade of Tripoli commenced under the command of Commodore Preble.
The United States gained victory at Tripoli when they captured the town of Derna - it was the first US battle ever fought on foreign soil. William Eaton was the heroic American marine who had led the US force of 500 across the Libyan desert to take the town of Derma. Richard Somers was a noted officer who was killed at Tripoli. Stephen Decatur was another hero noted for his exploits during the war Barbary War - he would later fight again in the War of 1812 and the Barbary War of 1815 (The Algerine War).


The Braunstein Group, CPAS, PC. is a full service tax and accounting firm located in Rockville, Maryland.
We specialize in responding to tax issues pertaining to various federal and state government tax notices and deficiencies. Our firm is pro-active to the taxing authorities, you will not have to correspond with them. We have a hands on approach to all of your needs. Don't forget if you do nothing when you receive a tax notice, that non-action is doing something.
Please give us a call at (301) 670-1040. Our initial consultation is free.


text:
let webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver');
let Command = require('selenium-webdriver/lib/command').Command;
let buildPath = require('selenium-webdriver/http').buildPath;

export function buildMockDriver(sessionId: number,
    defineCallback: (name: string, method: string, path: string) => void,
    execCallback: (path: string, method: string, data: Object) => any):
    webdriver.WebDriver {

  let paths: { [key:string]: string } = {};
  let methods: { [key:string]: string } = {};
  let mockSession = new (webdriver as any).Session(sessionId, {});

  return new (webdriver as any).WebDriver(mockSession, {
    execute: (command: Command) => {
      var params = command.getParameters();
      return webdriver.promise.fulfilled(execCallback(
          buildPath(paths[command.getName()], params),
          methods[command.getName()], params));
    },
    defineCommand: (name: string, method: string, path: string) => {
      paths[name] = path;
      methods[name] = method;
      defineCallback(name, method, path);
    }
  });
}

export class MockDriver {
  paths_: { [key:string]: string };

  // Mocked methods
  executor_: {defineCommand:
      (name: string, method: string, path: string) => void}
  schedule: (command: Command, description: string) =>
      webdriver.promise.Promise<any>;

  constructor(sessionId: number,
      defineCallback: (name: string, method: string, path: string) => void,
      execCallback: (path: string, description: string, data: Object) => any) {

    this.paths_ = {};

    this.executor_ = {defineCommand:
      (name: string, method: string, path: string): void => {
        this.paths_[name] = path;
        defineCallback(name, method, path);
      }
    };
    this.schedule = (command: Command, description: string) => {
      command.setParameter('sessionId', sessionId);
      var params = command.getParameters();
      return webdriver.promise.fulfilled(execCallback(
          buildPath(this.paths_[command.getName()], params),
          description, params));
    };
  }

  getExecutor() {
    return this.executor_;
  }
}


text:
How organizations blame you for local weather change
Cooperative methods like this, normally led by lobbyists or interest teams, confirmed companies could be effective in restricting new restrictions. General public feeling could be formed by the language and images models utilized, and some of the wind could be taken out of community strategies.
In 1992, the United Nations held the Meeting on Setting and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The conference, which came to be identified as the Rio Earth Summit, aimed to deal with inequalities in world-wide improvement and decrease dependence on fossil fuels.
"Borrowing a approach from the earlier, enterprise recognised that the greatest defence towards the environmental movements' arguments for additional authorities control in excess of corporate routines was assault," wrote James Rowe, now an associate professor of environmental studies at the College of Victoria in Canada, in 2005. Company social responsibility, he suggests, turned the "favored tactic for quelling preferred discontent".
"The Planet Organization Council emerged in reaction to the Rio Summit," claims Jessica Dempsey, a political ecologist at the College of British Columbia in Canada. "It was this variety of second of reckoning with the natural environment and improvement challenges that ended up coming to a head in the late 1980s."
"The Environment Business Council was fashioned, like numerous other curiosity groups, to develop their electric power," states Dempsey. "[They recognised] that they could be a lot more influential in these multilateral community forums if they worked jointly. So the world's major corporations were like 'we really should function with each other due to the fact we have passions that are at threat'."
In response to this, "just prior to Rio, Stephan Schmidheiny, founder of the Planet Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), pleaded with business enterprise that until 'we promote self-regulation… we face govt regulation underneath pressure from the public'," suggests Rowe.
The cooperative motion was a accomplishment, Rowe proceeds. He quotations two associates of the International Chamber of Commerce (who describe on their own as the "voice of environment enterprise"), as expressing:
"In common, the experience amongst organization participants was that the substantive output of UNCED was positive. It could have taken a destructive stance on… the position of organization, and there was at just one time the real possibility that the meeting may be pushed to lay down detailed guidelines for the operations of transnational companies."
But, states Rowe, small business "effectively fended off the risk".
The WBCSD say the need to have for the "sustainable transformation of the techniques that govern our planet is… extra urgent than ever just before". The ICC's secretary basic, John Denton, states "considerable plan improvements" will be needed to arrive at net-zero emissions by 2050. "We feel the finest way to get these reforms suitable is to work hand-in-hand with the organization group to design and style decarbonisation plans that work in the actual planet." Schmidheiny was asked to remark on his quotation, but declined.
Opting in
Without an settlement from the governments of the 179 nations around the world represented at the summit for tighter regulations on fossil gasoline use, it was still left to providers, and the lobbyists who symbolize them, to self-control, writes Dempsey along with her co-authors Audrey Irvine-Broque and Adriana DiSilvestro in a paper from 2021. This is called free-market environmentalism.
Free-sector environmentalism is dependent on a theory of economics referred to as "self-desire" whereby if organizations act in their possess most effective desire their output will benefit the client. In the circumstance of no cost-current market environmentalism, if businesses can get around much more clients by performing in a sustainable way, then they will do so, and a lot less accountable companies will be penalised by the market.
But free of charge-current market environmentalism assumes that people are ready to convey to which corporations are acting responsibly (which as Coming Cleanse has coated in the previous, can be challenging to notify, specially when some advertising is deceptive), and are inspired to select the most environmental possibility – which may not always be the ideal or most inexpensive.
Tags: blame, change, local, organizations, weather
14 Smart Tips To Help Marketers Navigate Influencer Partnerships
Controversial Marriage Expert Kevin Samuels Is Rumored to Be Dead


We are in the heart of Harrogate town centre, so you have found the best accommodation venue for business. If you are exhibiting at the Harrogate conference centre opposite the apartments, then these are the ideal serviced apartments for you travelling solo / with your entire company.
Trust in our expertise and experience in the hospitality industry. We know what is important to our business guests.
All the apartments have excellent wifi coverage, offer a comfortable bed to sleep in along with all the conveniences of home in our open plan living/dining and kitchen areas. Should you require breakfast, this can be ordered as an extra at the time of booking.
Our simple check-in system gives you more time to wind-down after a busy day.
With excellent transport links via the train station and bus station just a short walk away and parking available in the Jubilee multi-storey car park behind the apartments, you will have no problem finding us.
Perhaps you are exhibiting at the Harrogate conference centre which is directly opposite the apartments.
Whether attending a meeting at a local business in town or visiting the Yorkshire Event Centre, we offer you somewhere comfortable and convenient to stay.
Whatever the reason for your stay in Harrogate, we appreciate that each of our guests needs are individual and we do our upmost to ensure we are always thinking of ways we can make your stay with us hassle free, affordable and enjoyable.
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Emmanuel M. Nsengiyumva came to Buffalo, NY in 2010 from a Congolese refugee camp in Rwanda. He is currently a doctoral degree candidate in the UB Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, having earned his BS in chemical engineering in May 2016 and his MS in January 2018. Currently, Emmanuel is conducting research in the UB Laboratory for Interfaces and Self-Assembly, where his work focuses on water-soluble polymers that are involved in the extraction of unconventional oil and gas. He is interested in polymers that can be utilized in the presence of high salinity water to reduce the use of fresh water, which will prove beneficial to the environment and energy resources. Emmanuel is a member of the American Chemical Society, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Water Environment Federation, and National Society of Black Engineers. He is interested in protecting the Western New York environment, with a strong focus on water quality. On campus, he is involved in the New York Water Environment Association, Student Support Services, Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation, and the Collegiate Science and Technology Entry Program (CSTEP). When he is off campus, he enjoys spending time with his beautiful infant daughter, wife, relatives, and friends; and volunteering at church on Sundays. Emmanuel's future plans include completing his PhD in chemical engineering and starting his own company that focuses on designing and manufacturing formulated products in the Western New York area. He has great interest in bringing STEM to young students in the local community, particularly those who are underrepresented; and speaks to students in public schools about STEM and requirements for entry into STEM careers.


text:
Browse Movies : Pre-Production | Production | Post-Production : 2022 : M
By Brian D. Renner Jan. 5, 2022
Ethan Hunt returns in an all new seventh installment.
Simon Pegg, Tom Cruise, Ving Rhames, Rebecca Ferguson, Christopher McQuarrie, Vanessa Kirby, Charles Parnell, Shea Whigham, Rob Delaney, Indira Varma, Hayley Atwell, Henry Czerny, Esai Morales, Pom Klementieff
Action Adventure Sequel
September 30, 2022 Nationwide
In the heart of the 1970s, amid a flurry of feathered hair and flared jeans, Gru is growing up in the suburbs. A fanboy of a supervillain supergroup known as the Vicious 6, Gru hatches a plan to become evil enough to join them. Luckily, he gets some mayhem-making backup from his loyal followers, the Minions. Together, Kevin, Stuart, Bob, and Otto—a new Minion sporting braces and a desperate need to please—deploy their skills as they and Gru build their first lair, experiment with their first weapons and pull off their first missions.
Julie Andrews, Michelle Yeoh, Dolph Lundgren, Taraji P. Henson, Lucy Lawless, Russell Brand, Steve Carell, Jean-Claude Van Damme, Danny Trejo, Janet Healy, Brad Ableson, RZA, Alan Arkin, Chris Meledandri, Chris Renaud, Brian Lynch, Pierre Coffin, Kyle Balda
Illumination Entertainment, Universal Pictures
Animation Comedy Family Sequel
July 1, 2022 Nationwide
Follows Alex Lewis (Liam Neeson), an expert assassin with a reputation for discreet precision. Caught in a moral quagmire, Alex refuses to complete a job that violates his code and must quickly hunt down and kill the people who hired him before they and FBI agent Vincent Serra (Guy Pearce) find him first. Alex is built for revenge but, with a memory that is beginning to falter, he is forced to question his every action, blurring the line between right and wrong.
Liam Neeson, Martin Campbell, Cathy Schulman, Guy Pearce, Arthur Sarkissian, Dario Scardapane, Rupert Maconick
Black Bear Pictures, Briarcliff, Open Road Films, Welle Entertainment
April 29, 2022 Nationwide
Man & Witch
A reclusive yet powerful and mysterious witch loses her heart to a hapless goatherder when he hires her to break a curse by an evil wizard.
Tom Carroll, Greg Steinbruner, Christopher Lloyd, Eddie Izzard, Rob Margolies, Daniel Portman, Pauline McLynn, Sean Astin, Rhea Perlman, Michael Emerson, Shorhreh Aghdashloo, Reginald D. Hunter, Stuart Bowman, Sam Williams, Jennifer Saunders, Tami Stronach
Different Duck Films
Adventure Comedy Family Fantasy
TBA, 2022 Nationwide
My Father's Dragon
A young run-away Elmer Elevator searches for a captive Dragon on Wild Island and finds much more than he could ever have anticipated.
Meg LeFauve, Nora Twomey, Julie Lynn, Bonnie Curtis, John Morgan
Mockingbird Pictures, Netflix Originals
Adaptation Animation Family
TBA, 2022
Monkey Man
Set in contemporary India, the film follows the Kid (Dev Patel) who emerges from prison to take on a world enmeshed in corporate greed and eroding spiritual values.
Dev Patel, Sharlto Copley, Basil Iwanyk, Paul Angunawela, John Collee, Sobhita Dhulipala, Sikandar Kher
Netflix Originals, Thunder Road Pictures
Action Adventure Drama Thriller
TBA, 2022 VOD / Digital
Meeting Kate
A young American falls for a naive, but strong-willed, Dublin girl in 1984 while the two are researching the biological chemistry behind love at first sight.
Tom Luce, Jefferson Moore, Jon Huffman, Kelly Worthington
Kelly's Filmworks Studios Ltd.
Prequel Romance
October 13, 2022 Limited
Mr. Malcolm's List
Set in early 1800s England, a young lady (Wu) engages in courtship with a mysterious wealthy suitor, Mr. Malcolm (Dirisu), unaware of his unattainable list of demands for his future wife.
Constance Wu, Freida Pinto, Oliver Jackson-Cohen, Suzanne Allain, Sope Dirisu, Sam Heughan.
Romance Romantic Comedy
Based on Book
Based on Game
Based on Play
Based on Toy
Based on TV
Bollywood-Tamil
Found-Footage
Gross-Out Comedy
Live-Action/CGI
Post-3D
Shot-In-3D


Hosted telephony is the new cloud revolution taking over business communications worldwide. The system is easy to use, extremely reliable, incredibly secure and saves you both time and money. Users can communicate and stay connected at all times and from anywhere via the same integrated business-wide system. So whether you have two or 2,000 employees - our hosted telephony system is guaranteed to work for you.
We recently changed our broadband supplier for the studio and though the facility worked well we later discovered that the installers had not configured the network and the various ports we needed to give our clients access to web builds and files we held locally on the office servers. We had a urgent call from a client who needed access immediately and it was at this point we turned to Darrin Salt at SCA. Darrin remotely connected to our system and in a straight forward, no drama, manner proceeded to take control of each of the terminals to configure the access points we needed. The service and manner the exercise was carried out was exemplary. I would not hesitate to use SCA's services again and would recommend Darrin Salt personally to anyone whose company has a need for an experienced out-sourced IT professional.


Build your creative work on the works of other artists, but use a different perspective.
Sometimes, getting a fresh perspective on an old source is all it takes to produce creative, unique art. Remember, every new idea is just a mashup or remix of one or more previous ideas.
Understand that nothing is completely original.
There is always an original source from which every artist gets any idea from—no art is created without influence from other works of art.
Look for a new perspective on old ideas.
Draw two parallel lines on a piece of paper. How many lines are there? You might answer two, but you could also consider it to be three lines, as there is the line of negative space that runs between them. So, sometimes, one plus one can equal three.
Copy other artists for practice.
This is not the same as trying to pass another artist's work off as your own; this is copying the style of other artists as practice, to better understand and develop your own style. However, remember that you need to look into the other artist's thinking behind their style, as this will help you better understand where they are coming from.
Start drawing, writing, painting, creating. You might be scared, but this fear is natural. You might feel like you don't know what you're doing, but no one really does anyway. Showing up to do your work is half the battle—just start experimenting with your art, and soon enough, it will feel like second nature to you.


text:
Q: Generating line offset, perpendicular using PostGIS? I'm trying to generate two line offsets from a line but I'm having problems generating them as they should be.
Using PostGIS
select st_asgeojson(st_union(the_geom)) from (
select ST_Line_Substring(ST_OffsetCurve(line_geom,0.00005),0,1) as the_geom from table_name where id = 7382
  UNION
  select ST_Line_Substring(ST_OffsetCurve(line_geom,-0.00005),0,1) as the_geom from table_name where id = 7382
UNION
  select (line_geom) as the_geom from table_name where id = 7382) as a
the problem I'm seeing right now is the angle between the start/end of given line isn't perpendicular to the start/end of the other lines
Result:

Expected:

EDIT: lines' geometry and srid
"LINESTRING(-8.69371814905576 40.5676685897826,-8.69334901004008 40.567864446704)",4326
"LINESTRING(-8.6936947144568 40.5676244216994,-8.69332557544112 40.5678202786208)",4326
"LINESTRING(-8.69330214084216 40.5677761105376,-8.69367127985784 40.5675802536163)",4326

A: It was certainly a projection issue. You should first make sure you project your data into a local system. Here is what I used (for an offset of 2 meter in the portugese projection 3763):
WITH line AS (
SELECT
ST_Transform(
    ST_SetSrid(
        ST_GeomFromText('LINESTRING(-8.6936947144568 40.5676244216994,-8.69332557544112 40.5678202786208)')
    ,4326)
,3763)
geom
)
SELECT ST_OffsetCurve(geom,2) geom FROM line
UNION ALL
SELECT ST_OffsetCurve(geom,-2) geom FROM line
UNION ALL
SELECT geom FROM line;

I removed your LineSubstring since it didn't do anything.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Already Dead is the fourth novel by Australian journalist and author, Jaye Ford. A year after the murder of her husband, investigative reporter Nick Westing, Miranda Jack is leaving their Sydney home for the last time to join her daughter Zoe at her aunt's house in Newcastle. A little teary with sentiment, Jax's reactions are not at their optimum when an armed man gets in the car at the traffic lights and orders her to drive.
As they speed up the motorway, Jax listens to her passenger ranting while fearing for her life. Hours later, her ordeal ends in dramatic fashion. Jax is safe, but her journalist training triggers a head full of questions she can't ignore. They are questions that her aunt, her friends, her ex-boss and, most of all, the local cop, Detective Senior Sergeant Aiden Hawke would rather she let go.
The more people she talks to, the more of her carjacker's paranoid ramblings seem based in fact. A pursuit by two men and a burglary later, Aiden Hawke is listening to her, if not answering questions, and Jax begins to wonder just whom she can trust.
Ford jumps straight into the action with this tale and doesn't let up, building the tension while racing through to a heart-stopping climax. The setting is well-conveyed and will be familiar to locals and those travelling the area. Her characters are realistic and appealing (or suitably nasty), and their dialogue is credible.
Already Dead is easy to envisage as a movie or mini-series, and there is be plenty of scope for Ford to write a sequel which would be well-received. A gripping page-turner.
This review A gripping page-turner has been reported as abusive and will be removed from the website temporarily.
Already Dead by Jaye Ford was a riveting read. My familiarity with its Australian setting made it easy to see this story in three dimensions as I read it. Which goes to make a thriller that little bit more thrilling. A good read.
This review Modern day scary has been reported as abusive and will be removed from the website temporarily.


In the dual VET-systems in Switzerland, Germany and Austria, specific programmes have been developed to ensure participation of disadvantaged youths in VET and subsequently in the labour market. These are the two-year apprenticeships with Federal VET Certificate in Switzerland, the two-year apprenticeships in Germany and the Inclusive Vocational Training in Austria. All three of them have in common that they require specific entry premises and lead to standardized qualifications which are asked for and accepted in the labour market. All of them also offer specific forms of support measures to ensure entry as well as successful course and completion of training (Becker, Kammermann, Spöttl & Balzer, 2017).
In Switzerland, the introduction of the two-year apprenticeship with Federal VET Certificate under the Swiss Vocational Training Act represented a shift in paradigm by standardizing the former individualized elementary training for low achieving youths at national level. The two-year apprenticeship focuses on practical activities and includes support measures if needed (Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, 2002; Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, 2014). Approximately nine percent of all IVET degrees are VET Certificates. Two-year apprenticeships are offered in 57 professions (of a total of approximately 240 professions) (Kammermann, 2017).
The German Vocational Training Act defines the duration of VET programmes in Germany as "not longer than three and not less than two years" (Bundestag, 1969, §5(1)). Two-year apprenticeships have a long tradition, having already been introduced in individual professions in 1940. They are aimed at low achieving, mainly practically talented youth and offer a theory-reduced training. Two-year apprenticeships are offered in 28 professions (of a total of approximately 300 professions) (Kroll, 2017).
In Austria, the number of young people who are either trained within a prolonged apprenticeship scheme (according to §8b(1) of the Austrian Vocational Training Act) or in the form of a partial qualification (according to §8b(2) of the Austrian Vocational Training Act) (Bundesminister, 1969) has been rising continuously. One specific strength of Inclusive Vocational Training in Austria is that in the prolonged apprenticeship scheme disadvantaged youths do not get less but more time for education and training. Further strengths are a clearly defined access control - exclusively for young people with specific disadvantages/needs -, an adaptation to individual needs and a support offered by a specific social, pedagogical, and psychological assistance structure (Dornmayr, 2017).
which are the specific characteristics of the learners in the programmes?
is a reduction of the programme duration a silver bullet to facilitate the access to a profession for disadvantaged youths?
what support measures facilitate entry as well as successful course and completion of training?
do they foster employability and upward mobility?
which is the acceptance of professions, for which the duration of training is extended rather than shortened?
The aim of this paper is to empirically answer these questions for the three VET programmes and to elaborate factors of success and failure. This is done by a meta-analysis of representative research results relating to the programmes.
Becker, M., Kammermann, M., Spöttl, G., & Balzer, L. (Hrsg.) (2017). Ausbildung zum Beruf. Internationaler Vergleich der berufsförmigen Ausbildungskonzepte für benachteiligte Jugendliche. Frankfurt: Peter Lang. Bundestag (1969). Berufsbildungsgesetz BBiG. https://www.bibb.de/dokumente/pdf/bbig_1969.pdf (retreived 31.01.2018). Bundesminister (1969). Berufsausbildungsgesetz BAG. https://www.jusline.at/gesetz/bag (retreived 31.01.2018). Dornmayr, H. (2017). Ausbildungen gemäss §8 BAG (Lehrzeitverlängerung und Teilqualifizierung) für benachteiligte Jugendliche in Österreich. In M. Becker, M. Kammermann, G. Spöttl, & L. Balzer (Hrsg.). Ausbildung zum Beruf. Internationaler Vergleich der berufsförmigen Ausbildungskonzepte für benachteiligte Jugendliche. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, S. 29-43. Kammermann, M. (2017). Die Entwicklung der zweijährigen beruflichen Grundbildungen mit Eidgenössischem Berufsattest (EBA) in der Schweiz. In M. Becker, M. Kammermann, G. Spöttl, & L. Balzer (Hrsg.). Ausbildung zum Beruf. Internationaler Vergleich der berufsförmigen Ausbildungskonzepte für benachteiligte Jugendliche. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, S. 11-28. Kroll, S. (2017). Von der Schule in die duale Ausbildung: Unterschiedliche Wege benachteiligter Jugendlicher in Deutschland und die Bedeutung zweijähriger Ausbildungsberufe. In M. Becker, M. Kammermann, G. Spöttl, & L. Balzer (Hrsg.). Ausbildung zum Beruf. Internationaler Vergleich der berufsförmigen Ausbildungskonzepte für benachteiligte Jugendliche. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, S. 75-92. Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (2002). Bundesgesetz über die Berufsbildung vom 13. Dezember 2002 (Stand am 1. Januar 2013). Bern: Bundeskanzlei. Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation (2014). Zweijährige berufliche Grundbildung mit eidgenössischem Berufsattest. Leitfaden. Bern: SBFI.