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Health Inspections & Monitoring
Toronto Overdose Information System
Toronto Public Health is collaborating with the Toronto Overdose Early Warning and Alert Partnership to provide timely information on overdose activity, with a current focus on opioids. Additional data and indicators may be added to this site as they become available.
Paramedic Response
TPH Supervised Injection Services
Data Notes
Toronto Paramedic Services is collaborating with Toronto Public Health to share information on calls for suspected opioid overdoses received by paramedics in Toronto. This includes the number and location of cases where the responding paramedic suspects an opioid overdose. This may differ from the patient's final diagnosis in hospital or cause of death determined by the coroner. These findings are preliminary and subject to change. Please see the Data Notes tab for more information on these indicators.
Since August 7, 2017, Toronto Paramedic Service attended 68 non-fatal and three fatal suspected opioid overdoses per week on average. Fatal cases include those where the patient died on scene and the coroner was notified.
Over this period, an average of 18 non-fatal cases per week had naloxone administered by a community member before paramedic arrival. Paramedics administered naloxone in an average of eight non-fatal cases per week.
Weekly* number of suspected opioid overdose calls received by Toronto Paramedic Services, Toronto, August 7, 2017 to July 7, 2019**
* Weeks are calculated Monday to Sunday and are labelled with the Monday of each week period. Table shows the most-recent three-month period. ** Due to ongoing review of cases and case definitions, data currently presented are preliminary and subject to change.† August 2017 and July 2019 are not complete months' worth of data. Data is captured for August 2017 starting on August 3, 2017, and for July 2019 up to and including July 7, 2019. Source: Toronto Paramedic Services. Electronic Patient Care Record. [Weekly: August 7, 2017 to July 7, 2019; Monthly: August 3, 2017 to July 7, 2019]. Extracted July 10, 2019.
The map shows the distribution of opioid overdose calls received by Toronto Paramedic Services for June 2019. It includes fatal and non-fatal suspected opioid overdoses combined. The map shows the locations where paramedics made contact with patients. Please see the Data Notes tab for more information on these indicators. For more information on the number of calls by neighbourhood and nearest main intersection, please see Calls to Paramedics for Suspected Opioid Overdoses – Geographic Information.
Map of suspected opioid overdose calls received by Toronto Paramedic Services, Toronto, June 2019
Source: Toronto Paramedic Services, Electronic Patient Care Record, June 1 to 30, 2019.Extracted July 10, 2019
Detailed analysis from the first complete year of data on suspected opioid overdose calls to Toronto Paramedic Services (TPaS) is complete. Trends in Paramedic-Attended Opioid Overdoses: A Review of Suspected Opioid Overdoses in Toronto Paramedic Services Data, 2017/18 contains information on demographics of cases, trends by month, day, and time, and Toronto neighbourhood comparisons.
For information about data sources and indicators Surveillance and Epidemiology Unit
seu@toronto.ca
For information about naloxone and supervised injection services The Works
theworks@toronto.ca
For information about the Toronto Overdose Early Warning & Alert Partnership Toronto Drug Strategy
drugstrategy@toronto.ca
Substance-related emergency department visits at Toronto hospitals fluctuated between October 2018 and June 2019, with the number of visits remaining relatively stable throughout June. The number of suspected overdose cases followed a similar pattern. Note that neither of these indicators are specific to opioids. Substance-related emergency department visits may be due to intoxication, addiction, overdose, or withdrawal. Suspected overdose cases are a subset of substance-related visits that specifically mention overdose in the chief complaint and meet a set of inclusion criteria. Please see the Data Notes tab for more information on these indicators.
Number of substance-related emergency department visits and suspected overdose cases by week, Toronto hospitals, October 1, 2018 to July 7, 2019*
*The date noted indicates the start of the week. Counts are reported from Mondays to Sundays.Source: Acute Care Enhanced Surveillance System. ED Line Listings. October 1, 2018 to July 7, 2019. Extracted July 8, 2019.
The number emergency department visits has fluctuated over the past two years with a peak seen in the summer of 2017. Following a sharp decrease in the fall of 2017, the number of emergency department visits has been steadily increasing. Hospitalizations for opioid poisoning remained relatively stable over the period. Note that changes to hospital reporting for opioid overdoses at the start of May 2017 may account for some of the peak increase seen in the summer of 2017. Please see the Data Notes tab for more information on this indicator.
Number of emergency department visits and hospitalizations due to opioid poisoning by month, Toronto hospitals, July 2016 to September 2018
Source for ED visit data: National Ambulatory Care Reporting System, July 2016 to September 2018. Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, IntelliHEALTH ONTARIO. Extracted March 2019.Source for hospitalizations: Discharge Abstracts Database, July 2016 to September 2018. Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, IntelliHEALTH ONTARIO. Extracted March 2019.
Preliminary data for 2018 indicate there were 294* opioid toxicity deaths in Toronto. This includes accidental deaths, suicides, and deaths with undetermined intent. This number is expected to increase as the cause of death is confirmed for more cases.
In 2017, there were 308 opioid overdose deaths in Toronto. This represents a 66% increase in the number of people who died compared to 2016 and a 125% increase compared to 2015. In 2017, 1 in 4 opioid overdose deaths in Ontario occurred in Toronto.
Please see the Data Notes tab for more information on this indicator.
Annual number of deaths from opioid toxicity causes, Toronto, 2013 to 2018
Sources: Public Health Ontario. Interactive Opioid Tool. 2013 to 2017. Accessed on May 23, 2019.Coroner's Opioid Investigative Aid, May 2017 to December 2018, Office of the Chief Coroner for Ontario, extracted April 24, 2019.
In May 2017, the Office of the Chief Coroner for Ontario (OCC) began using a new tool to collect information on deaths caused by opioid overdoses in the province of Ontario. Coroners now use the 'Opioid Investigative Aid' to gather detailed information about people whose deaths were caused by opioids. The number of deaths from May 2017 to December 2018 are presented below.
The number of opioid toxicity deaths fluctuated by quarter from May 2017 to December 2018. The third quarter of 2017 (July to September) had the highest number of deaths (N=118). After dropping to 57 deaths in the first quarter of 2018, the number of deaths increased with each subsequent quarter, with 91 deaths in the 4th quarter (October to December).
The numbers reported here are preliminary and subject to change. Only cases that are confirmed by the OCC as opioid toxicity deaths are reported here. As coroners' investigations proceed, it is expected that new cases for this time period will be identified, so these numbers may rise in the coming months.
Number of deaths from opioid toxicity causes by quarter, Toronto, May 2017 to December 2018
The data presented below include confirmed opioid toxicity deaths from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018.
Preliminary data show that there were 294* confirmed opioid toxicity deaths among residents of Toronto in 2018. The majority of these deaths (94%) were accidental, compared to 89% in the rest of Ontario. Five percent (5%) of deaths in Toronto were classified as suicide, compared to 9% of deaths in the rest of the province.
Seventy-three (73%) percent of accidental opioid toxicity deaths in Toronto in 2018 were male. Fifty-one percent (51%) of all accidental opioid toxicity deaths occurred among individuals aged 25 to 44 years.
Accidental opioid toxicity deaths by age group and sex, Toronto, January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018*
Among accidental opioid toxicity deaths in Toronto in 2018, the most common ethno-racial groups include:
White (75%)
Black (7%)
Indigenous (4%)
Fifty-three percent (53%) of individuals were unemployed at the time of death. However, information on employment status was unknown or missing for 28% of individuals.*, ‡
Most (73%) of people who died by accidental opioid toxicity in Toronto resided in a private dwelling at the time of their death. In Toronto, 10% of deceased individuals were experiencing homelessness. There were no deaths among residents of correctional facilities occurring in Toronto.*, ‡
For the majority (75%) of accidental opioid toxicity deaths in Toronto in 2018, the overdose occurred in a private residence. This trend was similar in the rest of Ontario (76%).
Accidental opioid toxicity deaths by location of overdose incident leading to death, Toronto compared to the rest of Ontario, January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018*
In 72% of accidental opioid toxicity deaths occurring in 2018 in Toronto, the deceased person was at home at the time of the death. Fifty-five percent (55%) of deaths occurred without another individual who could intervene at the time of overdose present; however, information was missing in 23% of cases.*, ‡
There was evidence of an attempt to resuscitate the deceased individual in 44% of the cases. Naloxone use was reported in 24% of accidental opioid toxicity deaths; however, there was missing information in 8% of cases‡. In 36% of cases where naloxone use was reported, it was administered by bystanders. In 39% of cases, it was used by hospital workers, and in 45% it was used by emergency responders. A single case may have had naloxone administered by multiple individuals.
Fentanyl was the most commonly reported opioid contributing to death. Fentanyl and its analogues were more common contributors to accidental death in Toronto (79%) compared to the rest of Ontario (74%).
Accidental opioid toxicity deaths by type of opioid contributing to death, Toronto, January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018*,§
*Numbers are preliminary and subject to change†The second quarter of 2017 is not complete and only contains data for May and June‡ Individuals with missing and unknown data are included in the denominator for this analysis.§ Drug categories are not mutually exclusive; some deaths are attributed to multi-drug toxicity where a death can include more than one opioid as a cause.|| The "All fentanyl combined" category includes fentanyl, carfentanil and fentanyl analogues.Source: Coroner's Opioid Investigative Aid, January 2018 to December 2018, Office of the Chief Coroner for Ontario, extracted April 24, 2019.
On August 21, 2017, Toronto Public Health opened the interim site for supervised injection services at The Works. Services moved to the permanent site on October 30, 2017.
Supervised injection services are health services that provide a hygienic environment for people to inject pre-obtained drugs under the supervision of a trained health care professional. In addition to supervised injection, individuals are provided with sterile injection supplies, education on safer injection, overdose prevention and intervention, medical and counselling services, and referrals to drug treatment, housing, income support and other services. Please see the Data Notes tab for more information on these indicators.
As of July 7, 2019, there were 52,709 visits to the supervised injection service. There were 938 visits where an overdose occurred, including 398 visits where the client required naloxone.
Weekly visits to the supervised injection service, The Works, August 21, 2017 to June 30, 2019*,†,‡
* Before October 14, 2018, weeks were calculated Monday to Saturday. As of October 14, 2018, the supervised injection service is also open on Sundays, weeks are now calculated Monday to Sunday and are labeled with the Monday of each week period.† Due to an ongoing review, data currently presented are preliminary and subject to change.‡ Some weeks include reduced hours due to holiday schedules.§ August 2017 and July 2019 are not complete months' worth of data. Data are captured for August of 2017 starting on August 21, 2017 and July of 2019 up till and including July 7, 2019.
Sources: NEO database & The Works – Toronto Public Health. Extracted July 9, 2019.
Indicators of opioid prescribing in Ontario can be accessed from the interactive Prescription Opioid Tool. This tool uses data from the Narcotics Monitoring System to provide information on opioid prescriptions from retail pharmacies in Ontario.
The weekly number of new admissions to Toronto-based treatment centres fluctuated over the past year with no clear pattern emerging. Please see the Data Notes tab for more information on this indicator.
Number of weekly new admissions to provincially-funded drug treatment centres by presenting problem substance, Toronto, June 4, 2018 to June 2, 2019
Source: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. Drug and Alcohol Treatment Information System. June 4, 2018 to June 2, 2019. Extracted July 3, 2019.
15/01/2018: Survey on Opioid Awareness (2017) Results
Statistics Canada has released results from the Survey on Opioid Awareness. The survey found that 29% of Canadians aged 18 years and older reported using some form of opioids in the past five years. It also found that 78% of Ontarians were 'very aware' or 'somewhat aware' of the opioid issue. For more information see the full results and infographic. Please note that Toronto-specific statistics are not available
29/05/2017: Interactive tool on opioid-related harms data
Public Health Ontario recently released an interactive tool that explores trends in opioid-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations and deaths from 2003 to 2015 in Ontario. Toronto Public Health has created a summary document that reviews the key findings for Toronto.
Please note that the interactive tool and summary document capture outcomes occurring among Toronto residents only and as such, will include fewer occurrences than those included on this website (which capture all overdose outcomes occurring in Toronto, regardless of where an individual resides).
28/03/2017: Toronto Overdose Action Plan
Toronto Public Health worked with community partners to develop the Toronto Overdose Action Plan: Prevention & Response, which was endorsed by the Board of Health on March 20, 2017. The Plan includes a comprehensive set of actions for all orders of government to prevent and respond to drug overdoses.
28/03/2017: Naloxone information
The Province of Ontario has launched a new website with information on where to get free naloxone kits in your area.
Weekly number of suspected opioid overdose calls received by Toronto Paramedic Services, Toronto
Source: Toronto Paramedic Services. Paramedic Electronic Patient Care Record.
Data Notes:
This indicator is preliminary and subject to change pending further review of the data source.
This indicator includes cases where the responding paramedic suspects an opioid overdose. This may differ from the final diagnosis in hospital or cause of death determined by the coroner.
Fatal cases includes those where the patient died on scene and the coroner was notified. Patients who die after being transported to hospital may be miscategorized here as 'non-fatal' cases.
This indicator includes only instances where 911 is called and underestimates the true number of overdoses in the community.
Map of suspected opioid overdose calls received by Toronto Paramedic Services, Toronto
The map shows the locations where paramedics made contact with patients, which may or may not be the same location from which 911 was called.
The colours of the heat map indicate the relative density, defined as the number of cases per unit area. As a stretch legend is used to visualize the density, this map should not be interpreted in absolute terms when compared to heat maps from other time periods.
Suspected opioid overdoses occurring slightly outside the City of Toronto boundaries were excluded from the map.
Number of substance-related emergency department visits by week, Toronto hospitals
Source: Acute Care Enhanced Surveillance System. ED Line Listings.
This data source only captures substance-related visits that result in an individual seeking care in a hospital setting. This is likely an underestimation of the true burden of overdose in the population.
ACES is a syndromic surveillance system that classifies visits and admissions into 'syndromes' using algorithms to assess and classify open text from the chief compliant recorded at triage or registration. This process allows ACES to provide daily counts of visits and admissions.
This data source captures visits to acute care facilities in Toronto. However, it does not currently capture visits to specialty hospitals, such as the Women's College Hospital. Visits to the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health are included in ACES as of November 23, 2017.
'Substance-related visits' include instances of intoxication, addiction, overdose, or withdrawal.
'Substance-related visits' include those caused by opioids or non-opioid related drugs (OPI and TOX syndromes, combined). It excludes those related to alcohol.
This indicator includes all visits to Toronto hospitals, regardless of whether or not the individual resides in Toronto.
Monday to Sunday week units are used here as the unit of analysis, with the starting date of each week labeled on the x-axis of the graph.
Number of emergency department visits due to suspected overdoses by week, Toronto hospitals
This indicator is only available from May 2017 onwards, due to availability of data.
This data source only captures suspected overdoses that result in an individual seeking care in a hospital setting. This is likely an underestimation of the true burden of overdose in the population.
ACES is a syndromic surveillance system that classifies visits and admissions into 'syndromes' using algorithms to assess and classify open text from the chief compliant recorded at triage or registration. This process allows ACES to provide daily counts of visits.
'Suspected overdoses' refer to a subset of substance-related visits that specifically reference 'overdose' in the chief complaint. It excludes overdoses that specify a substance of non-interest (e.g. alcohol, over-the-counter medication, prescription drugs of non-interest such as blood pressure medication, and toxic products such as cleaning products).
'Suspected overdoses' include only visits with a Canadian Triage Acuity Score of 1 (Resuscitation), 2 (Emergency), or missing.
'Suspected overdoses' excludes visits to children less than 10 years of age.
For the majority of visits, the substance causing overdoses is not specified. It is important to note that this indicator measures overdoses from all types of substances, not just opioids.
'Suspected overdoses' also excludes intentional overdoses or those related to self-harm.
This data sources captures visits to acute care facilities in Toronto. However, it does not currently capture visits to specialty hospitals, such as the Women's College Hospital. Visits to the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health are included in ACES as of November 23, 2017.
Number of emergency department visits due to opioid poisoning by month, Toronto hospitals
Source: National Ambulatory Care Reporting System. Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, IntelliHEALTH ONTARIO.
This data source also only captures overdoses where patients visited the emergency department. It is likely these data underrepresents the true burden of overdose in the population.
This data source includes all visits to Toronto hospitals, including those who are residents of other municipalities accessing care in Toronto.
Opioid poisonings were measured using ICD-10 codes: T40.0 – Opium, T40.1 – Heroin, T40.2 – Other opioids (e.g. Codeine, Morphine), T40.3 – Methadone, T40.4 – Other synthetic narcotics (Pethidine) and T40.6 – Poisoning by other and unspecified narcotics.
This indicator include visits where opioid poisoning was listed as a main or a contributing cause.
Emergency department visits includes only unscheduled visits.
Number of hospitalizations due to opioid poisoning by month, Toronto hospitals
Source: Discharge Abstracts Database. Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, IntelliHEALTH ONTARIO.
This data source also only captures overdoses where patients were hospitalized. It is likely these data underrepresents the true burden of overdose in the population.
This data source includes all hospitalizations to Toronto hospitals, including those who are residents of other municipalities accessing care in Toronto.
This indicator includes hospitalizations where opioid poisoning was listed as a main or a contributing cause.
In the May 2017 update of this indicator, the data source was changed from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System to the Discharge Abstracts Database to be consistent with how Public Health Ontario is measuring this indicator. The Discharge Abstracts Database also contains more detailed information about hospitalizations, as records include all information available at the time of discharge which is often more specific than information available at admission.
Annual number of deaths from opioid toxicity causes, Toronto
Source: Public Health Ontario. Interactive Opioid Tool. 2013 to 2017. Accessed on May 23, 2019.
These data include all manners of death from opioid toxicity (i.e. accidental and intentional) combined.
The deaths included here are caused by opioid toxicity, with or without other drugs also contributing to death.
Deaths due to chronic substance use, medical assistance in dying, homicides and trauma where an intoxicant contributed to the circumstances of the injury are excluded.
Opioid toxicity death data from the Opioid Investigative Aid
Source: Coroner's Opioid Investigative Aid, May 2017 to December 2018, Office of the Chief Coroner for Ontario, extracted April 24, 2019.
These data only include confirmed opioid-related deaths for which an investigation has identified an opioid as directly contributing to the cause of death. The numbers reported are preliminary and subject to change. As coroners' investigations proceed, it is expected that new cases for this time period will be identified.
The OCC implemented the Opioid Investigative Aid in May of 2017. The detailed information resulting from this tool are not available prior to this date.
Deaths have been assigned to Toronto based on the six-digit postal code of the residence of the deceased. If the postal code of the residence was not available, the postal code of the incident location was used. If this information was not available, the postal code of the death location was used.
Gender is based on gender identity at time of death.
Ethnicities include White, Indigenous (First Nations, Métis, Inuit), Black, Latin American, South Asian (East Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan), all other ethnic groups combined (Chinese, Filipino, Arab, Southeast Asian (Vietnamese, Cambodian, Malaysian), West Asian (Iranian, Afghan), Korean, Japanese, Other), and unknown; groupings were based on frequency of occurrence in the data as of the report creation date.
The "Other" category for ethno-racial groups represented 5% of all accidental opioid toxicity deaths in Toronto; other ethnicities are unknown or suppressed due to low numbers
Living arrangement categories include:
Private dwelling – a separate set of living quarters designed for or converted for human habitation. Must include a source of heat or power and must be an enclosed space that provides shelter/protection from the elements. In Toronto, this includes community housing units
Homeless – without stable, permanent, appropriate housing, or the immediate prospect, means and ability of acquiring it; includes no fixed address and those temporarily residing in shelters
Collective dwelling – lodging and rooming houses, hotels, motels, tourist establishments, campgrounds and parks, sober living facilities, school residences and training centre residences, work camps, religious establishments, military bases, commercial vessels
Incident location categories include:
Indoors (private residence) – apartments, condominium, row house/townhouse, rural/agricultural: residential, trailer/mobile home, single-detached house, semi-detached house. In Toronto, this includes community housing.
Indoors (public) – includes airports, public bathrooms, commercial/retail buildings, recreational buildings, and other public buildings
Indoors (other) – hotel/motel/inn, rooming house, shelter, and supported living facilities
An individual is considered to have died at home if the location of death address is the same as the decedent's home address
Emergency Responders refer to EMS, Police and Fire
Supervised Injection Services
Weekly indicators for the interim supervised injection services, The Works
Source: The Works – Toronto Public Health. Supervised Injection Services.
Numbers are preliminary and subject to change.
Number of visits refers to the number of clients visiting the supervised injection services (SIS). This includes all visits to the SIS, regardless of whether the client injected. Visits may be from repeat clients.
Number of overdoses refers to the number of visits resulting in an overdose event that occurs within the site or that occurs to a client who has injected at the site, as reported by the manager at The Works. This does not refer to unique clients.
Number of naloxone administrations refers to the number of visits resulting in a naloxone administration. Note that multiple doses of naloxone may be administered during one overdose event.
Weekly new admissions to provincially-funded drug treatment centres by presenting problem substance, Toronto
Source: Drug and Alcohol Treatment Information System. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health.
This indicator captures new admissions to treatment centres in Toronto only.
Individuals who access addiction treatment services through primary care, hospitals, private clinics and federally-funded First Nations health service providers are not included in this indicator.
Presenting problem substances are self-reported by clients. Individuals can list up to 5 substances upon admission.
Individuals who specify multiple presenting problem substances are counted as a new admission for each type of substance. For instance, if an individuals specifies heroin and prescription opioids as presenting problem substances, they will be counted as a new admission for both heroin and prescription opioids.
Completeness of this indicator is limited by timeliness of what is submitted by health service providers. This can vary from provider to provider. Counts for recent weeks may be subject to change, as more service providers complete their reporting.
Smoking Legislation & Enforcement
Municipal Smoking Bylaws
Smoke-Free Ontario Act, 2017
Tobacco & Vapour Product Sales Offences
2018/19 Flu Shot Rates in Healthcare Facilities
Active Outbreaks in Toronto Healthcare Institutions
Communicable Disease Surveillance Reports
Communicable Diseases in Toronto – 2017
Deaths of People Experiencing Homelessness
Population Health Status Indicators
Rapid Risk Factor Surveillance System


Being diagnosed with a chronic disease such as cancer is overwhelming. Ultimately it can be one of the scariest experiences in your life. Processing your own mortality is stressful and you're immediately faced with a long list of decisions. These decisions encompass both treatments and lifestyle changes you may need to make.
By making these decisions you are taking responsibility for your health and embarking on a journey that is both difficult and rewarding.
What is driving my disease?
What prevents my body from healing?
What will help me heal as an individual?
Once you know what is driving your disease, what has caused it and what is stopping your body from healing then you can choose the most suitable treatment. No guesswork and no hoping for a miracles.
To find the root cause of your disease we need to investigate your current health state, your inherit strengths and weaknesses and check the 5 major causes of disease.
Toxins are all around us, in the air we breathe, the water we drink and food we eat. However not everyone is toxic. This is because everyone has a different capacity to detoxify.
This is regulated by our liver function, our antioxidant production, our kidney function, our digestive system and the lifestyle habits that support detoxification (water, fibre and exercise).
Although pathology testing for toxins is in some cases essential, some toxins cannot accurately be tested for while others are very costly to test.
Ultimately the investigation into toxicity begins with investigating any lifestyle habits that may have lead to toxic ramifications.
Some common toxin exposure routes are receiving dental work, professions working with solvents, cleaning agents, areoles, paints, petrochemicals and pesticides.
When we do find toxins we gently support liver and kidney detoxification, bowel elimination, appropriate hydration, and circulation. This will always be beneficial. We focus detoxification on those toxins which are most likely causing your problem and are indicated by your symptoms. However detoxification involving binders and over stimulating the liver, can in fact be more harmful as it can lead to an increase in intermediate metabolites (toxins produced by the liver) and deficiencies as binders inhibit the absorption of nutrients. Therefore the detoxification process must always be gentle, consistent and is most effective if you know which toxins you need to target specifically.
What causes a deficiency? The common saying "You are what you eat" does come in here. Without proper nutrition you will begin developing deficiencies.
However you also need to investigate "You are what you absorb", "You are what you metabolize". The cause of deficiencies can be linked to every system in the body and finding the cause of deficiency must always delve deeper than an assessment of dietary intake.
As an example, the consumption of tap water containing fluoride displaces iodine within the body and can lead to iodine deficiency. Another common cause of a zinc mineral deficiency is the lack or blockage of stomach acid. When we take an ant-acid or have low stomach acidity (HCL) we are effectively blocking our absorption of zinc.
Infections are a part of life. Every day we are infected by a plethora of bacteria, virus, fungi and more. Each day the immune system analyses these pathogens and decides how to react.
When we are young the exposure of these pathogens quite literally teaches our immune system how to act. Through the course of this we also develop our micro biome (the host of trillions of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, yeast and virus's that live in harmony within our gastrointestinal system, many of our mucus membranes and skin). The balances of these bacteria have a tremendous effect on our immune system and are vital for the function of out gastrointestinal, hepatic and nervous systems.
Although the definition of acute is generally short term, even acute infections such as tonsillitis have long lasting effects on our entire system.
For example, when children who have had a tonsillectomy are at higher risk of developing an autoimmune conditions, some cancers, allergic reactions, respiratory issues and infectious diseases. This is because the tonsils are a major hotspot of immune cells that analyze everything that pass into the gastrointestinal system and lungs. When removing these the immune system is not able to detect pathogens as quickly and the immune reactions may be delayed. This increased risk is most likely compounded by the fact that a large percentage of tonsillitis patients are primarily treated with antibiotic treatment although tonsillitis is causes 70%-85% by a viral infection. Therefore antibiotic use simply damages the gut's micro biome weakening the immune system even further.
Chronic infections are as Epstein Barr, Lyme, Ross River, Hepatitis, HIV, CMV are persistent infections and therefore reside within your body for years or forever waiting for the opportunity to replicate and grow. These opportunistic style infections can have disastrous effects on almost every system in the body and often testing for these is the only way of finding out if these may be a factor. However alongside these viral infections and bacterial infections, chronic gastrointestinal dysbiosis can also have severe consequences. For instance, spore forming bacteria stimulate the colon's mucosal lining to release 5HT which is the precursor for serotonin. In fact up to 90% of the body's serotonin (Neurotransmitter linked to happiness) is produced in the gut. Therefore Depression may be linked to an infection of the wrong gut bacteria. Another example would be that an overgrowth/infection of bacteria in the small intestine (SIBO) which causes bloating and a host of other digestive complaints can also lead to the opening of the tight junctions leading to a condition called Intestinal permeability or leaky gut. This leads to inflammation within the liver and increases the risk to a long list of diseases.
Once we have investigated and found which infections are contributing your heath state we implement therapies, which help you reduce the pathogenic load, boost the immune system and support the detoxification pathways. Treatment is mostly done slowly and gently enabling the body time to heal.
There is no doubt that our diet and lifestyle contribute to our physical and physiological wellbeing. In fact the according to Bruce Lipton our environment has a greater impact on our body than the genetics we are born with.
Fortunately this is the one component of the health that many patients are aware of and begin to make changes in.
However when you are immersed within your own story it is often difficult to accurately assess your own habits and see self-destructive tendencies. This is where seeking the help of a third party can be so important.
What is considered a wrong and or damaging habit?
All patients have questions. Should I be eating more protein or fewer carbohydrates? Is sodium laureth sulfate safe? Are cooled potato's good? Do I need a reverse osmosis filter?
The information we receive from the Internet and many other sources is filled with contradictions and can leaver you confused and sometimes to scared to make any changes. Therefore once again seeking the help of a professional is going to be your best choice.
Guiding you through this maze is what a good coach and health professional should do. Guidance and clarity that you need and it's our job to provide that.
Two-thirds of all clinic visits to family physicians are due to stress-related symptoms. 43% of adults suffer adverse health effects from stress 40% of workers reported their job was very or extremely stressful.
So we can safely say that stress plays a massive role on our health wellbeing and disease outcomes.
Stress not only impacts our psychological state but it directly impacts a neurotransmitter and hormonal cascade which has far reaching effects to every system in our body. In fact the success of any treatment can be hindered or the efficacy reduced by persistent stress.
Therefore when we are confronted with a chronic disease we must look at how we can best manage stress. If this Stress is not avoidable we need to see how we can enable the body to cope with stress better. Our adrenal function and perception of stress can be altered by use of lifestyle changes, cognitive therapy or supplements.
Sometimes even genes affect our stress responses. For example; catechol methyltransferase (COMT) is a genetic mutation that affects some people's ability to efficiently break down adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine. This means that people who have this COMT mutation are unable to calm down after a stressful event as easily as people without this mutation. In the management of this mutation it is important to avoid any foods that can further block COMT activity.
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Quercetin are two common polyphenols that can further block COMT activity, therefore the avoidance of supplements containing these ingredients is required.
Magnesium on the other hand stimulates COMT activity. Therefore patients who have the COMT mutation may require a specific magnesium supplement to support this genes function.
We're all individual, we all have unique reasons for our condition, so lets start having unique treatments for each person.
To help you overcome disease we have decided to offer our expertise in the form of a consultation.
We asks all the right questions so that we can determine the best possible plan of action, find the best treatments and decide on the best possible supplementation and diet for your needs.
The Truly Heal Evaluation will help you pinpoint the cause of your disease and provides you with the information you need to move forward.
It's like getting a road map back to health.
Book your consultation here. And be quick. We have only a limited number available each month.
Thank you Benedict I found this information excellent and well written. I am a Radical Remission Workshop Facilitator.
Very interesting read! Great article Benedict!


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Blog Category: Features
Surface beauty: neoclassicism and Napoleon's scandalous sister
Antonio Canova, Pauline Bonaparte Borghese as Venus Victrix; detail of figure, Galleria Borghese. Image and original data provided by SCALA, Florence/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.artres.com, scalarchives.com, (c) 2006, SCALA, Florence / ART RESOURCE
Antonio Canova began working on Pauline Bonaparte as Venus Victrix in 1805, the same year that Pope Pius VII appointed him Inspector General of Fine Arts and Antiquities for the Papal State. By this point, Canova's reliance upon classical sources, idealized perfection of the forms, fluidity of line, graceful modeling, and exquisitely refined detail had solidly established his reputation as the preeminent sculptor in Europe.
Venus Victrix is an outstanding example of the neoclassical style, which was influenced by the archeological discoveries in Pompeii and Herculaneum and considered the works of the Greeks and Romans to be the pinnacle of artistic achievements. The life-sized reclining nude exemplifies Canova's superlative technique; the modelling of the form is both idealized and extraordinarily realistic, while Canova's treatment of the surface of the marble captures the soft texture of skin. This luster was enhanced through a patina of wax and acqua di rota, and it was once set upon a rotating mechanism, which allowed the static viewer to observe it from all angles.
Yet the sculpture's owner, Prince Camillo Borghese, refused to allow the sculpture to be displayed and would only show it to close acquaintances by torchlight. How did this come to happen?
Unwinding mummies
Egypt, Mummy of Ukhhotep, Middle Kingdom, ca. 1981-1802 B.C. Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Come tomorrow evening, droves of miniature monsters will haunt our neighborhoods, jack-o-lantern-shaped candy bowls in tow. Amongst the groups of trick-or-treaters, though, one spooky creature will likely be absent: the mummy, which, despite being the star of many a horror film, never seems to be a Halloween costume favorite.
My guess as to why the mummy costume has never attained the cult status of, for example, the ghost is a purely pragmatic one. Dressing up as a mummy is a difficult task; cutting eyeholes into a white sheet is pretty straightforward. This is a fact that my own failed childhood attempt at dressing up as a mummy—which ended in my mother watching the rolls of gauze bandages she had dutifully wrapped around me immediately unravel—confirms.
An Egyptologist, however, might answer this question differently. For though the mummy of horror cinema is unrestful and vengeful, rising from the tomb to wreak havoc upon the living, in reality mummification was nothing more than a sophisticated burial ritual, meant to help lead the deceased to a peaceful afterlife.
Goya's Los Caprichos: A magnificent failure
Francisco de Goya y Lucientes, Los Caprichos, c. 1855, The Minneapolis Institute of Arts. Image and data from The Minneapolis Institute of Arts
Francisco de Goya y Lucientes, The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters (El sueño de la razon produce monstruos), 1799. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art
It wasn't a particularly auspicious start. On February 6, 1799, an announcement appeared on the front page of the Diario de Madrid advertising Los Caprichos:
A series of prints of whimsical subjects, invented and etched by Don Francisco Goya. The artist, persuaded that the censure of human errors and vices—though it seems to belong properly to oratory and poetry—may also be the object of painting, has chosen as appropriate subjects for his work, among the multitude of extravagances and follies which are common throughout civilized society, and among vulgar prejudices and frauds rooted in custom, ignorance, or interest, those which he has believed to be most apt to provide an occasion for ridicule and at the same time to exercise his imagination.[1]
The advertisement goes on to assure potential collectors that the subjects of the prints are imaginary and that "in none of the compositions constituting this series has the artist proposed to ridicule the particular defects of this or that individual…"
It closes with the address where the prints can be bought—the ironically named No. 1 Calle del Desengaño, or Street of Disillusion #1—and the price: 320 reales for the set, the equivalent of one ounce of gold. The unusual venue, a perfume and liquor store near Goya's apartment, was the result of the artist not being able to find a regular bookshop to handle the sale, according to Goya biographer Robert Hughes.
The venture was a resounding failure. Only 27 sets of the edition of 300 sold, and Goya withdrew Los Caprichos from public sale shortly after their release, afraid of falling foul of the Inquisition. It was a substantial monetary loss for the artist.
The many faces of Helen of Troy
Gavin Hamilton, Venus Presenting Helen to Paris, Museo di Roma. Image and original data provided by SCALA, Florence/ART RESOURCE, N.Y.; www.artres.com; scalarchives.com, Rights (c) 2006, SCALA, Florence / ART RESOURCE, N.Y.
"Was this the face that launched a thousand ships?"
So asks the title character in Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus upon seeing the radiant ghost of Helen of Troy. Marlowe was not the only artist to be captivated by Helen and her fabled beauty. Indeed, for millennia, painters, sculptors, poets and playwrights have been inspired by her story.
Classical Studies,
Capital Gate: The Leaning Tower of Abu Dhabi
Often, it is the unconventional details that lend a building its sense of character. This is certainly true of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, a monument striking for its tilt of approximately 4 degrees.
Bonanno Pisano, Campanile (Leaning Tower), exterior, 1174-1350, Pisa, Italy. (c) 2006, SCALA, Florence / ART RESOURCE, N.Y., artres.com, scalarchives.com
The tilt was even more pronounced before modern efforts at stabilization began, and by some accounts has reached 8-10 degrees in past centuries. But while stabilizing the tower has been important to its physical preservation, it may have negatively affected the church's historical legacy. Since the Leaning Tower of Pisa was straightened out, several other buildings–mainly in Germany and Switzerland–have been vying for the slanted spotlight, as was humorously reported by the New York Times in 2012.
However, no attempt at dethroning Pisa as home to the farthest leaning building has been as bold as that of Abu Dhabi, the capital city of the United Arab Emirates. Starting in 2007, the city began work on the Capital Gate, which rises at an 18-degree westward lean–more than four times that of the Leaning Tower of Pisa–along the city's waterfront.
Après la Bastille: the changing fortunes of Marie Antoinette
On July 14, we celebrated the storming of the Bastille, the momentous day in 1789 that marked the beginning of the French Revolution, and the beginning of the end of the monarchy.
While it is a day revered by the citoyens of France, it has come to symbolize the declining fortunes of the king and his once celebrated and later reviled wife, Marie Antoinette.
Anonymous French printmaker | Coiffure of Independence or The Triumph of Liberty | c. 1778 | Musée national de la coopération franco-américaine | Photographer: Gérard Blot. Image and original data provided by Réunion des Musées Nationaux / Art Resource, N.Y. artres.com
History has revised the narrative of the Queen whose apocryphal utterance "let them eat cake" allegedly flaunted her disregard for her starving subjects.
Beginning with the nineteenth-century biography by the Goncourt brothers, and the insightful study of Zweig (1932), and culminating in recent portrayals, notably Coppola's film of 2006, and Thomas' chronicle of Marie Antoinette's final days, Farewell, My Queen (published in 2003 and released as a film in 2012), characterizations of the monarch have softened and become more nuanced.
French Revolution,
The Museum of Natural History in The Catcher in the Rye
Visitors viewing display cases and Bird Dome, Hall of the Birds of the World, 1927, American Museum of Natural History, Photographer: H. S. Rice. Image and original data provided by Library, American Museum of Natural History
Visiting the Museum of Natural History was high on my list of priorities on my first trip to New York City. This was in big part due to its mention in J.D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye—even if, to be honest, I didn't quite remember the role it played in the book.
Reginald Marsh's Coney Island
Reginald Marsh, Wonderland Circus, Sideshow Coney Island, 1930, The John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art, the State Art Museum of Florida, a division of Florida State University. © 2008 Estate of Reginald Marsh / Art Students League, New York / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
When the weather starts getting unbearable New Yorkers—Artstor staff included—flock to the boardwalks of Brooklyn's Coney Island or Rockaway Beach in Queens.
This ritual is nothing new and was, in fact, one of the pet subjects of Reginald Marsh (1898 –1954), an American artist famous for his paintings of New York City in the '20s and '30s. His city scenes are remarkable for their palpable sense of movement—bodies walk or loiter on street corners, crowds swell as New York's lights pulsate and glow in the background.
That Marsh's canvases seem to vibrate is due not only to his staccato brush strokes and bright, reflective colors, but also to his choice of subject matter. Rather than portray New York City's elite, Marsh turned to everyday people and entertainments. Favorite subjects included burlesque and Vaudeville performers, pedestrians and, yes, public beaches.
coney island,
reginald marsh,
Finding the phenomenal women in fine art
"It's in the reach of my arms, / The span of my hips, / The stride of my step, / The curl of my lips. / I'm a woman/ Phenomenally. / Phenomenal woman, / That's me."
– Maya Angelou
Mickalene Thomas, Don't Forget About Me (Keri), 2009, exhibited at Lehmann Maupin, Spring 2009. Image and original data provided by Larry Qualls, © 2012 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / BILDKUNST, Bonn
Women have long been used as inspiration for art. They have served as muses to both eastern and western culture, and our bodies have been used to represent the power and beauty of nature.
Yet the images of the female body that we see on a daily basis are often passive and hyper-sexualized. Women's bodies are the go-to sales tactic in popular media and advertising. Yes, you might say, sex sells, but nothings sells as much as our sex sells. Women's bodies sell beer, cars, perfume, burgers, chewing gum, and even animals rights (yes, you read that correctly – look up PETA's campaigns) — and of course, the object that all of the women in these advertisements are ultimately selling is themselves.
Dynamic L.A.: Images from the Julius Shulman Photography Archive
Kaufmann House by architect Richard Neutra Palm Springs, CA, 1947. © J. Paul Getty Trust. Used with permission. Julius Shulman Photography Archive, Research Library at the Getty Research Institute (2004.R.10)
by Laura Schroffel, Library Assistant in Special Collections Cataloging at the Getty Research Institute
Co-published with The Iris, the online magazine of the Getty.
The Getty Research Institute recently collaborated with the Artstor Digital Library to digitize and share approximately 6,500 images from the Julius Shulman photography archive, series II and III. The work of American architectural photographer Julius Shulman (1910– 2009) comprises the most comprehensive visual chronology of modern architecture in the Americas, with a detailed focus on the development of the Los Angeles region. Spanning 70 years, it is a critical visual record of the metropolis's evolution. The images are available now both on the Artstor Digital Library and in the Getty Research Institute's digital collections.
Getty Research Institute,
Julius Shulman
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Arrow missile test
Photo courtesy of the IAI
US to fund defense systems for Israel
Congress to vote on DoD budget proposal asking for tens of millions of dollars for development, purchase of new systems to defend Israeli skies against ballistic missiles
WASHINGTON – The 2008 budget for the US Department of Defense includes the allocation of tens of millions of dollars for Israel to either independently develop or purchase existing defense systems to counter possible ballistic rocket attacks.
The new system would be used in addition to Israel's existing sophisticated 'Arrow' system, a project the US continues to fund.
On Thursday the House Appropriations Committee voted to give Israel an additional $70 million in defense aid beyond the $80 million requested by the administration.
Arrow system being tested
Should the budget pass both the House and Senate votes, Israel stands to receive no less than $150 million. These funds are not part of the 'regular' US defense aid budget for Israel, which stands at $2.4 billion.
Israeli ambassador to the US, Salai Meridor, who worked along with other Israeli diplomats to increase funding for Israel's ballistic defense systems, welcomed the decision.
It would provide $25 million more for Arrow missile co-production and integration, $135 million to buy a Theater High Altitude Area Defense, or THAAD, fire unit and $45 million for a US-Israeli short-range missile defense system dubbed "David's Sling."
David's Sling, a collaborative effort between Israel's RAFAEL (Armaments Development Authority) and US military contractor Raytheon, is expected to be operational within four years and is designed to defend against Fajar missiles, which during the Second Lebanon War were fired at Israeli cities. The system does not provide defense against the shorter range Katyusha rockets however.
All three projects involve interceptors designed to shoot down ballistic missiles in the terminal phase of their flight paths.
The Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance, a booster group funded partly by companies involved in building
missile shields, applauded the initiative to further integrate US and Israeli missile defenses.
"The more missile defense systems deployed the safer and more stable it is for the United States, our allies and our friends," said Riki Ellison, the group's president.
Reuters contributed to this report
See all talkbacks "US to fund defense systems for Israel"


When you turn on the shower in the morning do you ever stop to think about whether or not the water is safe to drink? When you put on the coffee does it ever occur to you that the water you're about to drink might have been holding a fisherman's canoe afloat yesterday?
Some people such as foresters and ranchers, whose work brings them in close contact with the community's watershed, are constantly aware of the impact that activities on a water system's source right down to its intake can have on the water supply. They have a close working relationship with the District of Lake Country and with each other through which best practices for watershed management are discussed and acted upon.
"It's imperative to the community that we have the cleanest water," said Mayor Baker on an annual excursion into the Oyama Lake watershed last week.
The trip brought together District of Lake Country staff, council, B.C. Timber Sales, Tolko and a local rancher to get a first hand look at some of the work that has been done in the past year to ensure that water is delivered as clean as possible to the Oyama Creek intake.
As logging in the watershed occurs, the District asks that those who stand to benefit from the work do something to improve the functioning of the watershed. In past years the road leading to Oyama Lake has been rerouted and a culvert installed to stop water from flowing down the gravel surface of the road.
When there is no debris to slow it down, water collects a significant amount of dirt particles when it streams down a road, not to mention any gas or oil that may have unintentionally dripped off of a vehicle. Ultimately that dirty water will end up back in Oyama Creek.
When water becomes saturated with foreign particles it is said to have a high turbidity. High turbidity is what leads to boil water advisories and notices. A turbidity rating of between zero and one is clear in appearance and is considered fit for consumption by the Interior Health Authority.
Watching for dirty tributaries is an important part of watershed management because the more of them that there are, the more difficult it will be for Oyama Creek to dilute the water that enters the intake.
"The biggest threat to turbidity comes between Oyama Lake and the intake," says District of Lake Country Utility Manager Jack Allingham.
One goal of the people who safeguard watersheds is to bring more public awareness to the importance of keeping those areas clean. There are some places on the drive up to Oyama Lake where the road runs right alongside tributaries that feed into the creek that delivers water to the Oyama intake. Drivers on the road need to use the utmost caution because an accident in such a location could potentially spill litres of diesel or gasoline into the water. Even something as simple as a tire going off the road can open a new channel for water to flow out of the ditch and onto the road.
For residents who use the watershed for recreational purposes such as camping and riding ATV's there are a number of telltale signs that can be used to identify when they are in a watershed. Most noticeably, the District of Lake Country has installed large signs along forest service roads stating that the road is entering a District watershed.
Another distinguishing feature of a watershed are hay bales and silt screens in tributaries and ditches. Low turbidity in tributaries is of particular importance according to Allingham because that is where the most sediment is picked up. In wooded areas there is natural woody debris that falls into the creek that will help to slow down and filter the water as it runs down the hill. Hay bales are one way to achieve the same effect.
Cattle in a watershed are another factor that needs to be considered in watershed management. Ideally it would be best to fence off the watershed to keep cattle out however such a practice would be cost prohibitive due to not only the original construction cost but also because of the maintenance cost. Foresters have come up with some creative options however to achieve the same effect as a fence at a fraction of the cost. In one area near Oyama Lake where some logging was done the scraps that are normally burned were piled into a makeshift barrier about shoulder height. Ranchers, forest workers and District staff agree that cows would have an extremely difficult time getting through the barrier.
Ranchers pitch in too, doing their part to keep their herds away from riparian areas. Areas of forest that have been cut down by logging companies make suitable grazing lands for cattle. The rancher is able to lead his animals to these areas by seeding them with grasses for the cattle. This method of leading cattle away from creeks critical to the watershed can be further enhanced if the rancher is able to provide water to the animals by way of a watering hole.
Forest workers often get an undeserved reputation as people looking to turn a quick profit by taking what they want from the wilderness and then running away from it. The reality is that after a harvesting logs from an area, foresters are responsible for overseeing silviculture in the area for 20 years down the road as well as maintaining forestry roads and campsites. As camping opportunities in communities like Lake Country become more and more scarce they will also need to find new ways to help promote responsible use of the forests especially in areas that contain watersheds that deliver fresh, clean water to homes.
Jack Allingham, Utility Manager for the District of Lake Country (centre) discusses the importance of keeping turbidity low in waterways bound for municipal water intakes as they flow through lands shared with forest workers, ranchers and recreational users.


text:
News from the world of Maths
Breaking news: The 2013 Nobel prize in physics
The 2013 Nobel prize in physics goes to Peter Higgs and François Englert for proposing the mechanism that gives things mass.
Eyes on the prize....
Next week will be an exciting one for a handful of scientists with the announcement of the 2013 Nobel prizes. With the recent experimental confirmation of the Higgs boson last year at the Large Hadron Collider, rumours are beginning to swirl that the physics prize might go to some of the physicists who predicted its existence and the mechanism that gives mass to matter in the Universe.
Maths in a minute: The Riemann sphere
What happens when you shrink infinity to a point? You get a sphere!
What are Maxwell's equations?
James Clerk Maxwell realised, in 1864, that electricity and magnetism were just two sides of the same coin and that light was made up of electromagnetic waves. He developed an elegant theory describing the unified force of electromagnetism and the equations that describe the dynamics of an electromagnetic field now carry his name.
Butterflies, quasars and keeping secrets safe – upcoming public lectures at Gresham College, London
If you're looking for a change of scene next Tuesday lunchtime why not go along to hear Raymond Flood, Gresham Professor of Geometry, talk about "Butterflies, Chaos and Fractals", 1pm on Tuesday, 17 September 2013, at the Museum of London. It's just one of a selection of great free public lectures given by Gresham Professors over the upcoming months.
Dark energy say cheese!
Images are now being taken on the world's most powerful digital camera. For over 500 nights over the next five years the Dark Energy Camera will photograph the light from more than 100,000 galaxies up to 8 billion light-years away in each image.
Mathematical theatre at the Science Museum: X&Y
In their new show X&Y Marcus du Sautoy and Victoria Gould use mathematics and the theatre to navigate the known and unknown reaches of our world.
The Magic Cube: Get puzzling!
If you like the Rubik's cube then you might love the Magic Cube. It's got numbers on the little faces rather than colours and it's quite a bit harder.


text:
/**
 * @file mali_osk_mali.h
 * Defines the OS abstraction layer which is specific for the Mali kernel device driver (OSK)
 */

#ifndef __MALI_OSK_MALI_H__
#define __MALI_OSK_MALI_H__

#include <linux/mali/mali_utgard.h>
#include <mali_osk.h>

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/** @addtogroup _mali_osk_miscellaneous
 * @{ */

/** @brief Struct with device specific configuration data
 */
typedef struct mali_gpu_device_data _mali_osk_device_data;

#ifdef CONFIG_MALI_DT
/** @brief Initialize those device resources when we use device tree
 *
 * @return _MALI_OSK_ERR_OK on success, otherwise failure.
 */
_mali_osk_errcode_t _mali_osk_resource_initialize(void);
#endif

/** @brief Find Mali GPU HW resource
 *
 * @param addr Address of Mali GPU resource to find
 * @param res Storage for resource information if resource is found.
 * @return _MALI_OSK_ERR_OK on success, _MALI_OSK_ERR_ITEM_NOT_FOUND if resource is not found
 */
_mali_osk_errcode_t _mali_osk_resource_find(u32 addr, _mali_osk_resource_t *res);

/** @brief Find Mali GPU HW base address
 *
 * @return 0 if resources are found, otherwise the Mali GPU component with lowest address.
 */
uintptr_t _mali_osk_resource_base_address(void);

/** @brief Find the specific GPU resource.
 *
 * @return value
 * 0x400 if Mali 400 specific GPU resource identified
 * 0x450 if Mali 450 specific GPU resource identified
 * 0x470 if Mali 470 specific GPU resource identified
 *
 */
u32 _mali_osk_identify_gpu_resource(void);

/** @brief Retrieve the Mali GPU specific data
 *
 * @return _MALI_OSK_ERR_OK on success, otherwise failure.
 */
_mali_osk_errcode_t _mali_osk_device_data_get(_mali_osk_device_data *data);

/** @brief Find the pmu domain config from device data.
 *
 * @param domain_config_array used to store pmu domain config found in device data.
 * @param array_size is the size of array domain_config_array.
 */
void _mali_osk_device_data_pmu_config_get(u16 *domain_config_array, int array_size);

/** @brief Get Mali PMU switch delay
 *
 *@return pmu switch delay if it is configured
 */
u32 _mali_osk_get_pmu_switch_delay(void);

/** @brief Determines if Mali GPU has been configured with shared interrupts.
 *
 * @return MALI_TRUE if shared interrupts, MALI_FALSE if not.
 */
mali_bool _mali_osk_shared_interrupts(void);

/** @} */ /* end group _mali_osk_miscellaneous */

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif /* __MALI_OSK_MALI_H__ */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Published 04/24/2019 12:20:52 am at 04/24/2019 12:20:52 am in Side Table 30 Inches Tall.
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Formulated with six fat-dissolving essential oils for lipoma treatment without surgery, including Grapefruit (of course!) and Patchouli among others, to support the body's ability to heal lipomas naturally. Customer Reviews in following tab.
Lypos™ has an Earthy – Spicy – Fresh Citrus fragrance in a 10% strength dilution using organic virgin coconut oil as the carrier. I created this blend of synergistic essential oils for lipomas to assist in reducing growth of these benign fatty tumors. Formulated with six fat-dissolving essential oils to assist fatty tumor treatment without surgery, including Grapefruit (of course!) and Patchouli among others, to support the body's ability to heal lipomas naturally.
All Lypos™ purchases include an email with PDF about essential oils in the blend you've selected along with usage suggestions.
Read about our client who inspired this non surgical lipoma treatment.
Our client called two weeks later, thrilled! The lipomas had become smaller. The painful one wasn't sore anymore. My client had been faithfully applying our custom blend morning and evening. LOVES the relaxing aroma and is very optimistic about the outcome.
More Customer Reviews in "Customer Reviews" tab above.
We appreciate knowing how these essential oils blends work for YOU. Every person's health circumstances are different with individual preferences and responses, so results & experiences vary.
Researching and getting the 'right' combination of essential oils to aid an individual's body in healing lipomas without surgery is a healing art, combining science with intuition. I keep records on the folks I'm able to assist, to learn from their experience, pattern of healing, etc.
If you need in-depth personal consultation for an issue, see my essential oils consultations page here.
Put a small amount of Lypos™ in the palm of your hand. Stir counter-clockwise 3 times with your fingers to energize the oils. Then apply per suggestions. Leave on, let absorb into skin. The essential oils and organic coconut carrier will absorb completely after a minute or two without any oily residue.
AM / PM: Apply a small amount of Lypos™ on each lipoma when you get dressed and again before bedtime.
NOTES: Therapeutic essential oils ~ grown organically (or wild-crafted), processed carefully to retain maximum therapeutic benefits for lipoma treatment without surgery ~ are expensive (but have minimal negative side effects compared to conventional, toxifying pharmaceuticals). They're very effective and powerful. A little goes a long way.
• READ more about pure essential oils' therapeutic properties used in formulating our healing essential oil blends & natural perfumes.
"I may be crazy, but it seems as though Les's lump is shrinking! I thought I noticed a slight change after two applications, but figured I was jumping the gun. However, after 5 applications I was quite certain that there was a difference – is it even possible that it could work this quickly? The lump is still there, and is still quite large, but if I am correct, WOW!


text:
Drew Ades
Drew Ades is Senior Vice President and Head of FHA and Small Loan production at Capital One. Prior to joining Capital One, Mr. Ades was Principal of Triple Line Strategies, LLC, a DC-based consulting firm helping companies and investors achieve economic, social, and environmental returns. Mr. Ades was the founding President and Chief Executive Officer of the Housing Partnership Equity Trust (HPET), a private REIT focused on the acquisition and preservation of affordable and workforce housing properties. Mr. Ades previously served as Co-President of CAM LLC, a wholly-owned real estate operating company subsidiary of Fannie Mae. Prior to that role, Mr. Ades was Director of Multifamily Risk for Fannie Mae.
Luke Apicella
Luke Apicella has spent his entire career as an impact investor and specializes in affordable housing and sustainable infrastructure. In his work on the real assets team for Prudential's Impact and Responsible Investing unit, he originates and manages investments for Prudential's $1 billion impact portfolio. Apicella serves on the boards and/or committees for several portfolio companies including a Real Estate Investment Trust, a Community Development Finance Institution, and a local start-up. Apicella has degrees in sustainability management from Columbia University (MS), finance from New York University (MBA), and entrepreneurship from Syracuse University (BS).
Stephane Carnot
Stephane Carnot is a Partner at Tomkins Management, a family office specializing in hedge funds and private equities since 2010. Carnot has worked in different capacities in the hedge fund industry for the past 25 years. He Co-Founded a hedge fund with a European event driven strategy in 2003. He was also the former Senior Analyst at Elliott Associates, a multi-strategy hedge fund based in New York and London.
Scott Evans is an Analyst at Discovery Capital, focusing on global policy, economic issues and their industry impact. Evans is the former Portfolio Manager at Millennium Capital. He has also served in various sell-side roles in New York, including working with John Mendelson as a market strategist where he created proprietary indices, as well as partnering with the Washington Research Group in developing joint research products.
Saul Sanders
Saul Sanders is a retired founding Partner, Board member and Co-CEO at Shellpoint Partners, a specialty finance company focused on the U.S. residential market. Sanders is also the retired Co-CEO and Board Member at New Penn Financial, a residential mortgage loan originator and servicer. He also served as the CFO at Citicorp North American Investment Banking Division, as well as the Co-Head at Citicorp Mortgage Backed Security (MBS) business. Sanders was also a Founder and Co-CEO at Credit Based Asset Servicing and Securitization (C-BASS) and was a Founder of Goldman Sachs non-agency MBS Business and ABS Businesses. Sanders is currently a member of a number of non-profits, including the Chairman of the Schecter Institutes in Jerusalem, the Miami City Ballet, The Joyce Theater and The Jewish Theological Seminary.


text:
Voting: Suppressing Change Through the Pursuit of Power
By Jeff Snyder
A sizable portion of the American electorate heads to the polls today to cast votes for members of the House and Senate, as well as various governors and representatives in the states. The campaigns this season have been particularly brutal, buzzing with allegations or evocations of gay sex, pedophilia, bribery and corruption, racial prejudice, preference for the rights of terrorists over the safety of Americans, and a craven desire to turn tail and run from the Iraqi field of battle. It seems a worthwhile time to ask ourselves, now, while so many of us are at a fever pitch, before we know the results of the election and bask in elation or wallow in sorrow, before the question recedes far into the background, subordinated to our efforts either to exploit our side's newfound power, or to gather strength and mobilize for the next election battle: what is this thing so many of us are about to do?
I write this not to dissuade anyone, at this hour, from voting, far less to encourage anyone to vote for particular candidates, but simply to provide food for thought, and more importantly, to urge voters to consider an alternate form of activism beginning on the day after the election, regardless of whether their party wins or loses. It is important to question what, exactly, it is we have when we have the vote, if we are to advance one step beyond our present position.
I'd like to return to what a few notables and ne'er-do-wells from the 19th century said on this subject, back when American and English democracy were still young and (thought to be) full of great promise. In part I do this because these authors' works are easily accessible. But more importantly, I cite their discussions as an indication that the truth of a thing can be known or available for a long time, while people continue playing the same fruitless game, convinced it is a game that can be won and, even better, that they can win, without ever letting the truth of the thing sink in and alter their course of action. Perhaps now is the time some will choose to forever break with this pattern, and set off in a new direction. I urge this consideration because there seems to be little solace or hope available in the results of the election regardless of which party wins. If the Republicans retain control of the Congress after the history of the last six years, they will conclude, rightly, that they can essentially get away with anything, confident that their base will never abandon them as long as the party leadership and its associated spokesmen in talk radio, newspapers and evangelical Christians can continue to successfully portray the Democrats as closer to Pure Evil in the lesser of two evils sweepstakes known as elections. If the Democrats gain control of Congress, or at least the House, there seems precious little cause for celebration. This is the party that, given a President who lied us into an unjust and illegal war, who admits violating statutes and the Constitution and arrogates to himself the right to exempt himself from laws, cannot even bring itself to promise that, if it obtains majority control, it will end the war as expeditiously as possible, repeal the Patriot Act and the Military Commissions Act, defund the President's illegal activities or commence impeachment proceedings. As Joseph Sobran has pointed out, it is a delusion to believe there are two parties which stand for different principles, when one party never repeals or revokes the acts made while the other party was in control, but leaves them standing while pursuing its own, new agenda.
What, then, is the vote? The vote offers the prospect to the electorate that, if they can succeed in forming themselves into a majority, they may enact or force their ideas of what is good for all upon a minority that is opposed or indifferent to that vision. The vote is a contest in which the stakes are power over the minority. And how is this contest conducted, and how do people who have the vote behave? In the Pickwick Papers (1837), Charles Dickens provides a description of electorate behavior that captures the Blue State/Red State America of today as fully as the perfervid election contests of early 19th century England:
It appears, then, that the Eatanswill people, like the people of many other small towns, considered themselves of the utmost and most mighty importance, and that every man in Eatanswill, conscious of the weight that attached to his example, felt himself bound to unite, heart and soul, with one of the two great parties that divided the town – the Blues and the Buffs. Now the Blues lost no opportunity of opposing the Buffs, and the Buffs lost no opportunity of opposing the Blues; and the consequence was, that whenever the Buffs and Blues met together at public meeting, Town-Hall, fair, or market, disputes and high words arose between them. With these dissensions it is almost superfluous to say that everything in Eatanswill was made a party question. If the Buffs proposed to new sky-light the market-place, the Blues got up public meetings, and denounced the proceeding; if the Blues proposed the erection of an additional pump in the High Street, the Buffs rose as one man and stood aghast at the enormity. There were Blue shops and Buff shops, Blue inns and Buff inns; – there was a Blue aisle and a Buff aisle, in the very church itself.
Of course it was essentially and indispensably necessary that each of these powerful parties should have its chosen organ and representative; and, accordingly, there were two newspapers in the town – the Eatanswill Gazette and the Eatanswill Independent; the former advocating Blue principles, and the latter conducted on grounds decidedly Buff. Fine newspapers they were. Such leading articles, and such spirited attacks! – "Our worthless contemporary, the Gazette" – "That disgraceful and dastardly journal, the Independent" – "That false and scurrilous print, the Independent" – "That vile and slanderous calumniator, the Gazette;" these, and other spirit-stirring denunciations were strewn plentifully over the columns of each, in every number, and excited feelings of the most intense delight and indignation in the bosoms of the townspeople.
Mr. Pickwick, with his usual foresight and sagacity, had chosen a peculiarly desirable moment for his visit to the borough. Never was such a contest known. The Honourable Samuel Slumkey, of Slumkey Hall, was the Blue candidate; and Horatio Fizkin, Esq., of Fizkin Lodge, near Eatanswill, had been prevailed upon by his friends to stand forward on the Buff interest. The Gazette warned the electors of Eatanswill that the eyes not only of England, but of the whole civilized world, were upon them; and the Independent imperatively demanded to know, whether the constituency of Eatanswill were the grand fellows they had always taken them for, or base and servile tools, undeserving alike of the name of Englishmen and the blessings of freedom.
This is the vote; it has always been the vote; it will always be the vote. Polarization of all human interaction and endeavors, universal rancor and dissension, slander, calumny, lies, deliberate mischaracterization of the words, positions and deeds of the opposition, self-righteous indignation, fantasies of crushing the opposition, and sheer delight in the downfall of others.
The essence of the vote is the acquisition of power over others, not, note well, the good faith determination of the relative worthiness of specific societal goals. If it were the latter, the vote would be structured as a vote on goals or programs, and the Congress and President could be a semi-permanent group of functionaries or administrators whose job was nothing more or less than to implement those goals in good faith. As the prevalence of negative campaigning illustrates, because the essence of the contest is to determine who will rule over others, the contest invariably turns on the character of the persons who will exercise this power, not on specific programs or goals of the candidates, as each side seeks to portray the other as evil bogeymen who cannot be trusted with power, who will wreak havoc on our country and quite possibly end life as we know it. Because the stakes are power over others, and not a circumscribed, narrow power but a virtually unlimited power, the natural reaction to this attempted power grab is the fiercest opposition. The nature of the contest – – the pursuit of power over others – by its nature creates polarization and opposition, and calls forth ugly emotions and underhanded tactics.
People put faith in government because they view it as an instrument for mutual protection, reform of injurious practices, punishment of wrong-doers, and general maintenance of good order and conduct. The 19th century New England preacher, Adin Ballou, asked us to consider, however, whether it was reasonable to believe that a system so constituted was actually capable of achieving such goals. After all, the tactics employed in the vote do not end, and the nature of the contest does not change, after the election. The same tactics are used in promoting the adoption of new legislation or appointments to the judiciary. Is it reasonable to suppose that such means are genuinely constituted to achieve harmony and well-being in a real commonwealth? Is this how people who truly feel kinship with one another and seek one another's best interests behave? Can such means result in mutual respect, understanding, and cooperation in pursuit of a common good?
Many people seem to take for granted that legal and political action afford to good men indispensable instrumentalities for the promotion of moral reform, or at least for the maintenance of wholesome order in society. Hence we hear much said of the duty of enforcing certain penal laws, of voting for just rulers, and of rendering government "a terror to evil-doers." Now I make no objection to any kind of legal or political action, which is truly Christian action. Nor do I deny that some local and temporary good has been done by prosecutions at law, voting in our popular elections, and exercising the functions of magistracy, under the prevailing system of human government. But I contend that there is very little legal and political action under this system, which is strictly Christian action. And I deny that professedly good men do half as much to promote as they do to subvert moral reform and wholesome order in society, by legal and political action. The common notions respecting these matters are extremely superficial, delusive and mischievous. Look at facts:
Is it not a fact, that men strenuous for legal coercion, who devote themselves to the prosecution of lawbreakers as an important duty, generally become incapable of benevolent, patient, suasory moral action? Do they not become mere compulsionists? Do they not become disagreeable to humble minds, and objects of defiance to the lawless? Is not this generally the case? I am sure it is. Reliance on injurious penal force costs more than it comes to, as an instrumentality for the promotion of moral reform. It works only a little less mischievously in morals than in religion.
Is it not a fact, that equally good men are divided among all the rival political parties, and that, under pretence of doing their duty to God and humanity, they vote point blank for and against the same men and measures, mutually thwarting, as far as possible, each others' preferences? Every man knows this. Does God make it their duty to practice this sheer contradiction and hostility of effort at the ballot-box! Does enlightened humanity prompt it! No; there must be a cheat somewhere in the game. The Holy Ghost does not blaspheme the Holy Ghost; nor Satan cast out Satan. Either the men are not good, or their notions of duty are false. [Emphasis supplied.]
Is it not a fact that the most scrupulously moral and circumspect men in all the rival political parties are uniformly found, with very rare exceptions, either among the rank and file of their party, or in the inferior offices? Are our wisest and best men of each party put forward as leaders? Are not the managers – the real wire-pullers – generally selfish, unscrupulous men? Whatever may be the exceptions, is not this the general rule? We have all seen that it is. How then is it to be accounted for, on the supposition that political action is so adapted to moral reform and wholesome order in society? The facts contradict the theory. The good men in political parties are not the leaders, but the led. They do not use political action to a noble end, but are themselves the dupes and fools of immoral managers – put up or put upon, foremost or rearmost, in the center or on the flank, just as they will show and count to the best advantage. All they are wanted for is to show and count against the same class in the other party. Their use is to give respectability, weight of character and moral capital to their party. They are the "stool pigeons," the "decoy ducks," the take-ins of their managers. The way they are used and the game of iniquity played off, are the proofs of this. Yet this is what many simple souls call having influence.
Is it not a fact that of the very few high-toned moral men, who happen to get into the headquarters of political distinction, not one in ten escapes contamination, or utter disgust?
And now what do all these facts prove? That under the present system of government, legal and political action is generally anti-Christian. That political good men are influential chiefly as tools for mischief. And that non-political good men are the most likely to render legalists and politicians DECENT in the affairs of government. [From Chapter VII, Christian Non-Resistance (1846)]
Ballou saw that the nature of government, the very nature of the perpetual contest among people to acquire power over one another, belied the stated purposes of creating a genuine commonwealth. Such system was supremely well constituted, however, to be commandeered by the unscrupulous for selfish purposes, all the while gaining moral legitimacy from the well-intentioned who navely believed that power could be used to better society.
Another 19th century New Englander exposed voting as a self-delusory form of gaming with moral issues that flatters the voter's self-importance without achieving anything significant. While Thoreau's Civil Disobedience is widely known for its exposition of a particular form of resistance and protest, less attention is typically paid to one of the great themes of that work, namely, that such form of protest is necessary because government is founded on majority rule and established by the vote. Thoreau derides the self-delusion, passivity and ineffectiveness of those who believe it possible to reform the government, and to establish what is right, by the vote, namely, by expressing their opinion.
There are thousands who are in opinion opposed to slavery and to the war, who yet in effect do nothing to put an end to them; who, esteeming themselves children of Washington and Franklin, sit down with their hands in their pockets, and say that they know not what to do, and do nothing; who even postpone the question of freedom to the question of free trade, and quietly read the prices-current along with the latest advices from Mexico, after dinner, and, it may be, fall asleep over them both. What is the price-current of an honest man and patriot today? They hesitate, and they regret, and sometimes they petition; but they do nothing in earnest and with effect. They will wait, well disposed, for others to remedy the evil, that they may no longer have it to regret. At most, they give up only a cheap vote, and a feeble countenance and Godspeed, to the right, as it goes by them. There are nine hundred and ninety-nine patrons of virtue to one virtuous man. But it is easier to deal with the real possessor of a thing than with the temporary guardian of it.
All voting is a sort of gaming, like checkers or backgammon, with a slight moral tinge to it, a playing with right and wrong, with moral questions; . . . The character of the voters is not staked. I cast my vote, perchance, as I think right; but I am not vitally concerned that right should prevail. I am willing to leave it to the majority. . . . Even voting for the right is doing nothing for it. It is only expressing to men feebly your desire that it should prevail. A wise man will not leave the right to the mercy of chance, nor wish it to prevail through the power of the majority. There is but little virtue in the action of masses of men. When the majority shall at length vote for the abolition of slavery, it will be because they are indifferent to slavery, or because there is but little slavery left to be abolished by their vote. They will then be the only slaves.
The voter acts under the delusion that he may bring about some result in the world by the mere expression of his opinion. This is a delusion that flatters a man's self-importance, and conduces to keep him in his place while he busies himself with finding, joining and creating men of like opinion, since that which he wants depends on numbers. Most talk radio, much punditry, and much group "leadership" is built on this delusion: the flattery of having one's own opinions affirmed and repeated with stentorian righteousness, the busyness of building consensus, that is, uniform blocks of opinion, the self-importance attached to the assumption that one's mere opinion, one's voice, counts for something.
For Thoreau, there is only one test of what a man really esteems and believes: that which he acts upon. A man who is really concerned with a matter will not simply express an opinion on the subject, or petition for what he believes is right. He acts, without waiting first for the approval of the majority. "If you are cheated out of a single dollar by your neighbor, you do not rest satisfied with knowing that you are cheated, or with saying that you are cheated, or even with petitioning him to pay you your due; but you take effectual steps at once to obtain the full amount, and see that you are never cheated again. Action from principle, and the perception and the performance of right, changes things and relations; it is essentially revolutionary."
By establishing a system founded on the marshalling of opinion, people who believe that the best or most efficacious means of achieving their goals for the country is by securing victory for their party are shunted into perpetually busying themselves with building party and consensus, and to that extent cease doing actual work to achieve their goals. And this, from the perspective of the elites who benefit from the status quo, is the great stability and improvement inherent in democracy, in contrast to other forms of government: by offering the commoners the prospect of acquiring power, and a power founded on marshaling those who share similar views, people busy themselves primarily with the acquisition and maintenance of power and efforts to build "consensus," thereby effectively preserving and prolonging the status quo.
It is sometimes averred that, whatever defects government by majority rule has, it has the merit of minimizing conflict by providing a means by which the majority can achieve or pursue its goals, without resorting to actual violence and bloodshed. This is wrong, however, because the system is founded on opinion and it costs next to nothing to have an opinion. The real worth of a thing and strength of a desire is revealed by what a person actually does, not what opinion he holds. It is far too easy to believe a thing and never act upon it. It is far too easy to hold beliefs that are little more than self-flattering opinions about oneself that one takes credit for holding.
If the Iraq War depended upon only those who would actually volunteer to go there and fight and those who would voluntarily pay to support it, we would soon find out how many supporters of the war there really were. A man who acts upon what he believes will soon experience real life consequences of his behavior; he will learn, adapt or respond accordingly. A man can hold an opinion that it costs him little to nothing to hold forever. Far from minimizing conflict, therefore, a system of majority rule founded on consensus multiples conflict and makes conflict more likely, for it is too easy for men to espouse beliefs and principles for which they, personally, will never experience serious consequence, and for which others – some small minority – will pay the price.
If Ballou and Thoreau are right, very little good can ever come from voting or the political process. What IS effective is to form voluntary associations of interested parties to achieve goals without the aid of politics or legislation. While Thoreau is famous for advocating outright civil disobedience to government when government compels action against conscience, Ballou (or, for that matter, Martin Luther King or Gandhi) are better known as advocates of simple PEACEFUL noncooperation. (A decision to not ride the public busses is not "civil disobedience" because it breaks no laws, but is a simple refusal to cooperate with or participate in one's own repression or exploitation.)
If, for example, we desire to curtail our government's adventures abroad, forget trying to build a party that can actually say no to unjust wars, and work to encourage people to not enlist in the military, and to help them not choose the military out of the necessity of their personal circumstances. Encourage engineers, scientists, business people to not work for the companies that produce weapons of war. This can be recommended both on religious grounds, and on the pragmatic or simple moral ground that they do not unwittingly make themselves tools of men who will lie them into unjust and unnecessary wars, and make themselves parties to murder for illegal, unknown, unstated reasons.
The goals different people may seek cannot be prescribed beforehand, because they must spring from and be maintained by action founded in the actual passion of the participants. What is critical, is that such action simply eschew politics, legislation and the courts, i.e., all forms of compulsion, and be conducted in a peaceful, voluntary, civil manner that deals with others on the basis of honesty and in good faith, even while opponents will not. While this form of activism may seem to promise too little to those who hope for sweeping change promised by gaining control of the legislative process, pursuit of that chimera has the potential to sidetrack people for a lifetime. The Republicans had control of the Congress and the Presidency for the last six years. Ask the conservatives if they got what they wanted. Consider, instead, whether Thoreau is right, and whether only "Action from principle, and the perception and the performance of right, changes things and relations; it is essentially revolutionary." Act accordingly.
The Best of Jeff Snyder
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Q: Retrieving disk read/write max speed (programmatically) I am in the process of creating a C++ application that measures disk usage. I've been able to retrieve current disk usage (read and write speeds) by reading /proc/diskstats at regular intervals.
I would now like to be able to display this usage as a percentage (I find it is more user-friendly than raw numbers, which can be hard to interpret). Therefore, does anyone know of a method for retrieving maximum (or nominal) disk I/O speed programmatically on Linux (API call, reading a file, etc)?
I am aware of various answers about measuring disks speeds(eg https://askubuntu.com/questions/87035/how-to-check-hard-disk-performance), but all are through testing. I would like to avoid such methods as they take some time to run and entail heavy disk I/O while running (thus potentially degrading the performance of other running applications).

A: In the advent of IBM PC era, there was a great DOS utility, I forgot its name, but it was measuring the speed of the computer (maybe Speedtest? whatever). There was a bar in the 2/3 bottom of the screen, which is represented the speed of the CPU. If you had a 4.0 MHz (not GHz!) the bar occupied the 10% of the screen.
2-3 years later, '386 computers has risen, and the speed indicator bar overgrown not just the line but the screen, and it looked crappy.
So, there is no such as 100% disk speed, CPU speed etc.
The best you can do: if you program runs for a while, you can remember the highest value and set it as 100%. Probably you may save the value into a tmp file.

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This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Moving faces and bodies provide a wealth of information that can be used to facilitate recognition. How then is motion used for recognition (including the social inferences that are the focus of the current proposal)? O'Toole et al. discuss three hypotheses which offer mutually complementary perspectives on how facial motion in particular is processed by the human visual system: (1) Motion may provide supplemental information for recognition, (2) Motion may facilitate the recovery of 3D shape ,andshape, and (3) Motion may provide social information. The first two hypotheses apply to moving object recognition in general, while all three are applicable to both moving faces and bodies. Each hypothesis suggests a specific role for how motion functions in the service of recognition and all are relevant for the """"""""thin-slices"""""""" problem domain. Recent results indicate the extent to which all three aspects of face and body movement may affect individuation, suggesting potentially useful methodologies for the examination of thin-slice perception. In general, previous results identifying aspects of motion that facilitate face and body recognition and manipulations of spatiotemporal properties that interfere with it provide a foundation for identifying """"""""critical features"""""""" of thin-slice stimuli. Familiar face recognition does appear to benefit from motion information in many cases, while unfamiliar face recognition less consistently improves with the addition of motion. Motion advantages are particularly evident when image quality is degraded either through negation or inversion. This could be taken to mean that the additional information provided by facial motion is redundant with high-quality static appearance, but control experiments comparing the recognition of moving faces with static """"""""slideshows"""""""" of multiple images suggest that it is not merely enough to see all of the images in a sequence. This is further established by results from point-light faces that offer very little static information, yet support multiple recognition tasks. Motion thus appears to impact face processing beyond the sum of the individual static images it offers. What then, is the nature of the contribution? In terms of behavioral performance, some of the most interesting results concern how manipulations of the temporal characteristics of dynamic faces impact performance. Specifically, the reversal of face motion is known to disrupt performance, as is modulation of the playback rate. The former result indicates that facial gestures are encoded in a directed sequence (as are rigidly rotating objects while the latter suggests that there may be """"""""tuning"""""""" for movements at natural speeds. Also, Roark et al. have provided compelling evidence that structure-from-motion provides little in the way of additionally useful information for face recognition, underscoring the need to describe the processing of facial gestures without assuming that the recovery of 3D shape is a key goal. Recently, representational strategies for describing facial gestures have been explored by computer vision researchers seeking to build automated systems for recognizing idiosyncratic movements. Early results in this effort are promising, and do not rely upon 3D shape recovery, further weakening the case for structure-from-motion as a fundamental part of how motion facilitates the recognition of moving faces. Dr. Alice O'Toole serves as Dr. Balas'Individual Project Mentor. Dr. O'Toole will visit Dr. Balas'laboatory once per year (and vice versa), and will assist him in the design and interpretation of experiments, and with the preparation and critical review of grant proposals.