text:
Aliens & Reptilians
Aliens, Reptilians & the Anunnaki
0. Links to Other sites & Introduction
0. Links to Pari's Articles
0. Press Releases
Press Release for 1st Holographic Universe e-book
1 The Alien-UFO Belief-System
10 Aliens, UFOs and Parallel Universes
I. Aliens are deity souls
II. Stars, God's Message
III. The Aliens Hades, Hercules, Ravana, Maya
IV. The 330 million deity souls/aliens
V. Immortal roles for the alien believe system
VI a. From Aryans to Immortal Roles
VI b. Reptilians, Grey Aliens, UFOs, Crop Circles
VII. Past Births Help Ra's Solar Boat
VIII. Beliefs Materialise Through Parallel Universes
VIIII. Spiritual Groups (1)
X. Spiritual Groups (2)
XI. Play of Maya or illusion
XII a. The Various Parallel Universes in Brahman (1)
XII b. The Various Parallel Universes in Brahman (2)
XIII. Brahmapuri & Shankerpuri
XIV. Brahma and Shanker
XV. Lakshmi, Narayan & Vishnupuri
XVI. Lakshmi, Narayan, Vishnupuri, Shanker, Destruction
XVII a. Lakshmi & the Usage of other Subtle Deity Roles
XVII b. Yoga Methods, New Subtle Region, Artificial New World
XVIII. The Various Confluence Aged Roles
XVIIII. The Aliens Ganesha & Skanda (1)
XX. The Aliens Ganesha & Skanda (2)
XXI. The Aliens Ganesha & Skanda (3)
XXII. The Aliens Ganesha & Skanda (4)
XXIII. The Aliens Ganesha & Skanda (5)
XXIV. The Various Confluence Aged roles
XXV. The Alien Ganga
XXVI. Sixty Thousand Sons of Sagar (1)
XXVII. Sixty Thousand Sons of Sagar (2)
XXVIII. Sons of Sagar (3)
XXVIIII. Sons of Sagar, Ganga
XXX. Bhagirath, Immortal Roles, Ganesha, Skanda
XXXI. The Roles of Brahma & Bhagirath
XXXXXI. Mapmakers
11 Alien / UFO experiences - Understand it
12. Aliens, UFOs & Sciences in the Underworld
13 World of the Dead & the alien belief system
i. Journey in the Duat (Egyptian Underworld)
ii. Time-Travelling & Journeying in the Duat
14. The Anunnaki & the Alien Belief System
i. Egyptian Ba (Before Marduk's influence)
ii. Egyptian Ka (before Marduk's influence)
iii. Sahu (Before Marduk) & Deified Royal Ka
iv. Copper Aged Sahu & Akh - False Prophet
v. Ren & Mythical Names – Name of the Soul
vi. Ancient Naming System
2. Noah, Ziusudra, Anunnaki & Earthlings During the Flood
20. The End – 1996, 2000, 2012 or 2036
21. Snake Deities & the Naga Clan
22. Reptilians
23. Reptilian Collective Consciousness
24. Reptilians Provided for Confusion Too
25. Reptilians Paved the Way for Others
26. Crop Circles
27. Ancient Life-Dramas
28. Soul World
6. Ancient Sciences in the Hands of a Few
7. Ancient Sciences Got Stopped to be Used Secretly
8. Signs of Reptilians Using the Sciences in the Attestation
9. Endubsar & other Scribes Co-operated with Reptilians
10 Aliens, UFOs and Parallel Universes >
NB: This article can be found after the following introductory passages.
Before you read this article, please note that, from 1996, I had begun to see numerous visions. I (Pari, the author of this article) did not have experiences involving the 'grey aliens' etc. until a later time. Thus, when I began writing my articles, from 1996, I had not known that the Mid-Confluence Aged scientists (who lived about 2500 years ago) had sent beings into the future, on the instructions of the Mid-Confluence Aged gods/rulers, so that these beings (who are referred to as aliens now) can assist Mankind, especially for the re-creation of the Golden Aged world and the Return (of God and 'past births through the afterlife'). Hence, in earlier articles, all these are not reflected. All these will be explained further, in future books.
From 1996, when I began seeing numerous visions, I was trying to understand what was happening to me. As I was trying to understand this, I began writing all the articles which can be found in this website. Each article is a continuation of the earlier one. So what I had explained in earlier articles were not explained in subsequent articles. This had also allowed me to keep developing what I have to explain. After I had written numerous articles, people were asking me as to which articles they had to read in order to understand something or the other. Thus, in 2015, I began to write books. All the knowledge which a person needs, so as to understand the contents of a book, are given in the book. Thus, a person could understand the contents of a book without having to revert to other articles or books. However, a better understanding could be had through reading the other books. I had also begun writing my first book "Holographic Universe : An Introduction" because I began to have a good understanding on the structure of the Holographic Universe through experiences, guidance from God, research, etc.
It should be remembered that my articles were written while I was trying to understand what was happening to me. So, the emphasis in the articles may have been on my own roles (due to the afterlife of my past births). In my books, I concentrate on just explaining knowledge and not really on giving an explanation on my own role.
It should be noted that since there are so many articles, I find it very difficult to update the articles. So there may be information in them which has not been updated. I try my best to keep my eBooks updated.
Anyway, to have a better understand of what has been said in this article, read all my earlier articles. Begin by reading the first article which is numbered as No.1 at my List of Articles. Then, re-read this article to have a better understanding. It should be noted that all my articles were written based on time being cyclic. Click here to understand the basics of the Cycle of Time.
Title: Part 13 - Aliens, UFOs and Parallel Universes – Brahmapuri & Shankerpuri
Contents: One's consciousness can be in this ordinary world or it can be in another dimension or parallel universe, based on the stage that the soul has and so on. The divine soul-conscious stage takes us into a different parallel universe. The deity souls will be able to easily go beyond into the soul-conscious stage, through using the role of their Confluence Aged spiritual birth.
The Brahma Kumaris say that when a person listens to their spiritual knowledge, that person, who listens, is given a new spiritual birth. This spiritual birth gives him a new spiritual role and turns him into an alien where this corporeal world is concerned. The Brahma Kumaris say that the person, who continues to contemplate on BK knowledge, continues to use this spiritual birth and spiritual role during their spiritual effort-making life, in the Confluence Age. This spiritual role is the spiritual effort-maker role. This spiritual effort-maker role is in Brahmapuri.
Brahmapuri is the lowest Confluence Aged subtle region. It is easy to go into Brahmapuri and stay in Brahmapuri, during the Confluence Age, since it is the lowest Confluence Aged subtle region. Brahmapuri is the subtle region of Brahma. Since the Confluence Age is for the creation of the new divine world, all souls who accept the Confluence Aged spiritual knowledge would find it easy to remain in Brahmapuri.
When one's effort-making is good, and one's stage begins to improve to become very high, one will then begin to use another higher subtle region and subtle role. We would move into a higher subtle region when our stage becomes good. The subtle region we are in, is based on our consciousness. When our stage goes high, we could use the subtle role of Lakshmi, Narayan, Krishna or Vishnu in Vishnupuri, or we may use the subtle role of Shanker in Shankerpuri.
To enjoy the stage of Shanker, one can keep the thought, in one's mind, that one wants to attain and enjoy that stage. Sometimes, we enjoy that stage even though we did not have the intention to experience that stage. When we are in the highest soul-conscious stage, we enjoy the Shanker stage. The Shanker stage is also referred to as the seed stage because we experience being the soul at that time. It can seem like as if you are not using any subtle body at that time because you experience yourself as the soul, a point of light energy, receiving and vibrating out God's energy. Thus, the ancient people had portrayed Shanker as being scantily dressed, in the Hindu scripture stories. The corporeal body is the dress of the soul. When we go back to the Soul World, at the end of each cycle of time, it is only the soul that goes. Neither the subtle bodies nor the corporeal bodies go back to the Soul World. Therefore, it is said that the souls go back to the Soul World, in the naked state. Though, while we are experiencing the Shanker stage, we are still in the corporeal body, we do not experience being in the corporeal body at that time. When we do not experience the corporeal body and we only experience ourselves as the soul, it is like as if we are naked, i.e. without a corporeal body. Thus, Shanker had been portrayed as scantily dressed in the Hindu scripture stories. Actually, during the Shanker stage, the soul is still in the corporeal body even though it feels like as if we are not in the corporeal body. If the soul leaves the corporeal body, the person dies.
When our intellect, which consists of energies of the soul, moves around seeking information, it will seem like as if we are leaving the corporeal body. But the soul is actually not leaving the corporeal body. It is just some of the soul's energies which move outside temporarily. But since the mind and intellect are all energies of the soul, we can experience like as if we are the mind or like as if we are the intellect. Thus, it feels like as if we are leaving the corporeal body.
Shanker has been associated to the opening of the third eye because, it is when we enjoy that powerful stage that our spiritual eye is really fully opened. The soul has a seat in the center of the forehead and this is why the third eye has been placed on Shanker's forehead in the Hindu scriptures. When we enjoy the powerful Shanker stage, we are seated on our seat in the center of the forehead. Shanker's third eye has been associated to destruction, in the Hindu scripture stories, because Shanker's role is a role which is mostly enjoyed at the end of the Confluence Age, when destruction of the old world is seen to take place. Shanker is actually involved with the re-creation of the new divine world but the old world will get removed as the new world comes into existence. This does not mean that Shanker is destroying the world. The role of Shanker is only used for transforming the old world into the new divine world. Until the end of the Confluence Age, the Confluence Aged subtle region, involved with the transformation of the world, will be getting more and more powerful as the Confluence Aged souls get more powerful. Then, at the end of the Confluence Age, it is the role of Shanker that is used by the most powerful Confluence Aged souls. When all the most powerful Confluence Aged souls are in the Shanker stage, at the end of the cycle, the creation of the new divine world takes place. So, the destruction of the old world also takes place at the same time.
When one uses the role of Brahma, Lakshmi, Narayan, Krishna, Vishnu or Shanker, in the Confluence Aged subtle regions, one is an alien to this corporeal world of ours.
The names and links for articles by Pari can be found at:
Global Brahma Kumaris - Pari's articles and videos
or at http://www.brahmakumari.net/
Pari's books:
1. Holographic Universe: An Introduction
2. Grow Rich while Walking into the Golden Aged World (with Meditation Commentaries).
Also See List of books written by Pari.
Please subscribe to the Mailing List (at http://www.gbk-books.com/mailing-list.html) so that you would be informed when an eBook could be downloaded for free.
Global Brahma Kumaris - Pari's articles and videos (List of articles)
or at Global Brahma Kumaris-sitemap (all of Pari's articles are also here)
Most of Pari's articles are also at http://brahmakumari.net
NB: All my articles are based on time moving in a cyclic manner as follows:
1 the divine world in the first half cycle: involving the Golden Age (Satyug) and then the Silver Age (Tetrayug),
2 the Confluence between the Silver and Copper Ages: where the world transforms back into the ordinary state (after a vice was entertained),
3 the ordinary world of the second half cycle: involving the Copper Age (Dwapuryug) and then the Iron Age (Kaliyug),
4 the Confluence Age (at the end, now): through which the world is transformed back into the divine Golden Aged world.


"Make Some Noise" is packed with huge hooks, giant, intense guitar riffs and glorious, distinctive vocals. It celebrates the kind of classic rock'n'roll that has gone from strength to strength ever since it emerged in the early 1970's and that sweaty clubs, concert halls and stadiums the world over would be impossible to imagine without. Each of the joyously performed, perfectly crafted, melody drenched 12 songs instinctively aims straight for the centre of the listener's autonomic nervous system, totally enveloping the heart and soul and compelling them to move to the irresistible rhythm.
"For me as a vocalist, this kind of high caliber line-up is an absolute dream come true" enthuses John Corabi, continuing "When you work with The Dead Daises, everybody is amazingly motivated to deliver top performances".
From blazing opener 'Long Way To Go' (the first single and soon-to-be crowd favourite) onwards, this album rocks hard right through to the very last note. Cross references from legendary bands from the past feature just as much as highly contemporary sounds and trendsetting directives. Compositions such as 'Mainline' and 'Last Time I Saw The Sun' bring to mind the likes of Aerosmith and Mr. Big, while 'Song And A Prayer', with its fluid guitar licks and anthemic chorus, is mightily reminiscent of Guns 'N' Roses. 'Make Some Noise', the title track itself, is nothing less than a self-confident, tongue-in-cheek rousing rock statement, bound to be chanted over and over by euphoric audiences at this consummate combo's electrifying live gigs.
"Make Some Noise", which was superbly recorded and produced by Marti Frederiksen (Aerosmith, Def Leppard, Mötley Crüe, Buckcherry) in Nashville in February and March 2016, contains ten originals plus two inspired new incarnations of The Who's 'Join Together' and Creedence Clearwater Revival's 'Fortunate Son'.
Don't miss the chance to catch the biggest new name in Rock on tour this summer in Europe, the US and Japan. Please check the tour dates here.


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Исбранд Исбранс ( или Ysbrandsz;  — , ) — нидерландский фармацевт и государственный деятель, бургомистр Роттердама.

Сын Мэртена Исбранса (Исбрандса, Эйсбрандса; умер в 1640 г.), служившего в Голландской Ост-Индской компании и ставшего на рубеже 1620—1630-х гг. первым комендантом форта Гелдрия на берегу залива Пуликат (нынешний округ Тируваллур), центра голландских владений на Коромандельском берегу. В 1636 г. Мэртен Исбранс вместе с женой и малолетним сыном вернулся в Нидерланды, обосновавшись в Роттердаме.

Изучал медицину в Лейденском университете. В 1667—1704 гг. неоднократно избирался старшиной гильдии аптекарей Роттердама. С 1673 г. и до конца жизни состоял членом городского совета, в 1703 г. был избран бургомистром.

В 1664 г. женился на Марии Блау, внучке известного картографа Виллема Блау. Их сын Якоб Исбранс (1665—1749) изучал право и в дальнейшем занимал в Роттердаме ряд государственных должностей, пять раз избирался бургомистром, а в 1740—1747 гг. состоял в коллегии Роттердамского адмиралтейства.

Литература
 Hermine Moquette. Ysbrans, Ysbrand. // Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek. — Leiden, 1911. — Deel 1, 1596.

Бургомистры Роттердама
Фармацевты Нидерландов

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Bedrooms: 8 Bathrooms: 4 Reference: 025 Plot Size: 6000 m² Living Area: 1069 m² Parking: Private Restoration: this property needs restoration.
If you have any questions regarding our properties, please do not hesitate to contact me.
There are many reasons and benefits which make it appealing to reside in our province.
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The woodwork room is also extremely popular. It is on every Tuesday Wednesday and Thursday. Woodwork Tutor, Brendan Bryne, guides individuals and groups on a wide range of projects.
One of the Woodwork team's recent projects was a boat restoration of a wooden hulled Enterprise. There are also bird tables, coffee tables, dolls houses, see-saws, wheelbarrows for floral displays, ride on toys and many other practical and artistic pieces. It is quite obvious that the members take great pride in their achievements and we at Open Door believe it is also very therapeutic.
This room is well laid out and it is amazing to see the many different projects that are being undertaken.


There is no doubt that Airtel holds the Naija Record for the mobile network with the most amount of changed names. From Econet to Vodacom, to Vmobile (maybe that inspired 9mobile), to Celtel, to Zain and finally to Airtel. That long journey of change gave them all the experience they need to make the present Airtel the "smartphone network ". They've done their research well and given the best options to suit every type of individual.
In this post, I will be giving you the results of a little research of my own on the "Best Airtel Tariffs". If you read my post on "Best MTN call rates" you'll know what to expect.
Deciding what you need in a tariff. Is it cheap data? Cheap campus deals? Free national calls? No Free international calls? No, decide that now.
There is no daily charge. However, the first minute is charged at 40k/s. Perhaps this is the lowest Airtel call rate that comes bundled with tasty perks.
The first minute is charged at 40k/sec. After that it's 11k/s to family and friends and parents, and 20k/sec to other networks.
This free migration tariff allows you to call other networks at 20k/sec with no extra fee or increased one minute charge. Calls to Airtel lines are charged at 15k/sec.
With #100 airtime, you can talk for 11mins 11secs.
This tariff is the default tariff on every SIM and has no migration code.
This tariff allows you to connect to all networks at 15k/sec. It's splendid for heavy-duty callers.
This tariff offers you international calls at 20k/sec. National calls at 11k/sec. It's also great for a person who calls a lot.
And that wraps up our review on Best Airtel Tariffs. Be it Econet, Vodacom, Vmobile, Zain or Airtel, this network is here to stay and we're better off maximizing its abilities.
Thanks for dropping by. May I know what error you receive each time you dial the code?


Students will be able to submit a FAFSA as early as October 1 every year at fafsa.ed.gov.
UB Priority deadline is March 1.
Throughout our history, we have established a firm belief that the high-quality and personalized experience promised at the University of Bridgeport should never be out of reach for anyone. In fact, approximately 96 percent of our students receive financial assistance in the form of student loans, scholarships, grants, and work-study programs. We will connect you with more than 35 scholarship providers, some of which include FastWeb, The American Association of University Women, Capital Scholarship Program, and The Sallie Mae Fund.
Use Financial Aid for your textbooks!
In lieu of a cash advance, you can now go directly to the UB Bookstore Monday through Thursday with your ID and Schedule and purchase your books using your Financial Aid. You do not have to complete a cash advance for this new process.


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We carry compatible Canon Cartridges for the Canon Pixma iP3500. Our compatible ink cartridges include reset chips which show the correct ink levels in your Canon printer. The iP3500 has 4 slots for ink tanks - 3 dye-based inks, including 1 each of cyan, magenta, and yellow - and 1 pigment-based black ink. This allows for beautiful photo prints with the dye-based inks, and laser-quality text with the pigment-based ink. This 4-ink system produces true-life photos with a wide color palette, and crisp, clear, professional texts for home and office use.


I'm really excited to advertise this particular guitar for Paul, as these don't come up for sale very often at all, especially as a near complete package. This is the SF500, first model of the first Super Flighter generation, in Ivory White. Without a shadow of a doubt, this is the rarest of the original Super Flighter series. In the last 3 years I believe I've only seen two being sold in the UK on mainstream selling websites, most in a worse condition than this.
Take a look at the photos below and see what you think! This guitar comes with it's original bespoke hard case.


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Txernomurovski - Черномуровский  - és un khútor, un poble, del territori de Krasnodar, a Rússia. Es troba a la vora dreta del riu Txelbas, a 21 km al nord-est de Kropotkin i a 149 km al nord-est de Krasnodar, la capital.

Pertany al municipi de Possiólok ímieni M. Górkogo.

Khútors del territori de Krasnodar


On this episode I'll be talking with Lando about new superstars coming in, SHANE-O-MAC and the state of the WWE post FastLane.
As mentioned, movie critic and wrestling fan Lando Reyes is on The Guy Blog podcast today. That means one thin, we're talking wrestling, of course, and more to the point, we're talking WWE and the Road to WrestleMania. We have a lot to say with everything going on in WWE and the fact that there is so much left to be done before Wrestlemania comes around. This was a fun episode and I hope you guys and gals enjoy it.
4. Our thoughts on how this all plays out.


text:
Q: Not getting any output after reading in from file #include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
#include<fstream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int length [48];
    int us[48];
    int russ[38];

    ifstream infile;

    infile.open("data.txt");
    if(infile.fail())
    {
        cout << "error" << endl;
        return 1;
    }
    for(int i=0;i<48;i++)
    {
        infile >> length[i];
        infile >> us[i];
        while(i<=38)
        {
            infile>> russ[i];
        }
        infile.close();
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 48; i++)
    {
        cout << length[i];
    }

    return 0;
}

I am trying to read each column above from a text file into a corresponding array. First column is length, second is us, third is russ. When i try to do a sample output to test it nothing is coming out. The program is compiling completely without bugs or errors but it is just not displaying the output.

A: Your problem is here
while(i<=38)
{
   infile>> russ[i];
}

simply replace it with this:
while(i<38)
{

   infile>> russ[i++];
}

Also, I don't know what you're trying to do exactly, since you're producing your output after too many for loops, therefore you're losing your data.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Posts Tagged science fiction
Scions' Flight
by Rindis on November 9, 2021 at 12:00 pm
The second half of Lisinthir's Heirs is just that, the second half of the story begun in Dragon's Fealty.
It does have an interesting way to to begin, with two characters waking up and recovering from the trauma at the end of the previous book. As they need a bit of time and calm to get going again, so does this novel.
Interestingly, while it's all one story, and basically the same cast of characters, there is some real shuffling on who is prominent in this one. A set of Eldritch who were returning from the Chatcaavan Empire were briefly introduced in the first book, but we get a few well-developed scenes with them here, where their personalities and friendship really come out.
I will say my biggest problem is with the ending, where a couple things drop out of the ether as a deus ex machina. However, there is a bit mentioned just before that which shows we're dealing with yet another character who has prior existence, but hasn't been mentioned before. And who he is and what he's doing answer's question that should growing in the reader for the entire duology. However, motivations here are entirely opaque, but that's probably intentional.
Having just seen the entire list of characters for the books, I can't blame myself for having trouble keeping them all straight; this is way too short a space to be introduced to that many characters without prior reading, which again is no surprise; go read some of the other books in this universe first. Despite the trouble, it's still well put together, and a satisfying story, even if we are left with a major dun dun dun! and "to be continued" tag right at the end.
└ Tags: books, reading, review, science fiction
Dragon's Fealty
by Rindis on October 20, 2021 at 12:00 pm
About the time I finished reading Dreamhearth, I happened on a giveaway for a couple of Hogarth's other books, and got them. It turned out that they're very late on in things, and there is a warning up front about other books to read first. I spent a couple days deciding if I was going to leap into things here, and eventually did.
I was a bit surprised to find Jahir and Vasiht'h here, and in much changed circumstances. I figure Dreamstorm would help explain a lot of that, but….
In fact, it's obvious the galaxy in general has been a fairly busy place over the last several years. It takes some digging to find out that it's been about a dozen years since the last I've seen the duo, and while Jahir is fairly important, there's plenty of other characters that are more central to the plot, including some obviously returning villains.
So, I had a fair amount of figuring out to do, and I certainly don't recommend starting here. Hogarth recommends Healer's Wedding as the start point in the note at the beginning of the book, though that one mentions it's bringing together characters from Her Instruments and Princes' Game as well as the Dreamhealers series, so getting into everything could be quite an undertaking, and cutting the Gordian Knot here might not be an entirely bad answer (…though I think I'd probably still recommend cutting it a bit earlier than this).
At any rate, here is where I did start, and things did largely make sense, though with a lot of backfill to be done, and in many cases only a sketchy idea of the large cast of characters. So if you want to start here as I did, go ahead, it will work out.
Overall, the flow was good, and I picked up momentum after a rocky start to a nicely dramatic ending. I've gotten very used to trilogies over the decades, and it is very nice to see Hogarth do duologies that split very well, with a very natural stopping point for the first book.
Knife Fight
by Rindis on October 8, 2021 at 12:00 pm
Posted In: Boardgaming
A little bit ago, I got onto the Space Empires Discord server. The main person behind it (d_demon) is definitely a fan, and I have no idea just how many games he's been involved in over Discord. Shortly after my arrival I was in a game with him that was strongly against type: He'd proposed the "Knife Fight" scenario.
I had to look that up; it's a new scenario in the Close Encounters rulebook. Basically, take the standard 4×5 home area from a four-player game, and then the second player gets the same area directly adjacent to it. There is no deep space, and the area is insanely tiny. I prefer to develop out my economic engine before switching to a military, but it was obvious there'd be no time for that. In fact the scenario also says each player gets four SC and colony ships (instead of three each), and start with ship size 3 (CAs!) and Move 2 technologies. (Because of it saying 'size 2 and 3' split across a line, I didn't realize we had access to CAs until shortly before seeing one….) We stuck with the base set rules through raiders and cloaking (those being new to me though I knew it was unlikely to get used).
The very start was the normal affair of finding out where everything is. I sent out civilians with the SCs on my first move, but then hung back, which was a good thing, as it turned out my home area black hole was two hexes from my homeworld, and I lost a SC to it on the second move. Demon sent his SCs out alone, but his black hole was adjacent to his homeworld and he lost a SC to it (and with only three hexes for four SCs, it was the hex he sent two SCs to, but the other survived). Fun fact, our homeworlds were on the same hexrow… and so were the black holes. By the time of the first economic turn, Demon had found three planets and colonized all three, while I had only found two, and gotten a colony ship to only one. Not a good start for a tiny game….
I built a new SC and colony ship (the planets were certainly out there… somewhere) and a pair of pipelines to connect the first colony. By the second economic turn, most of space was explored, though Demon had been a bit less efficient on his end (and he hadn't built a new SC). This time I built another colony ship, a DD and two more pipelines, and had settled three more worlds. Demon had settled two more (putting us even in number of colonies), and built a pair of CAs.
Since exploration of my half was winding up, I actually started exploring the last bits of Demon's half of the board while pressing my SCs towards his colonies and encouraging him to think reactively. In turn three, I used the beginning move 2 tech to get two of my SCs onto one of his groups next to his brand new colony. That of course was one of his SCs, and all three shots missed in the first round, so Demon retreated out of the 2:1 battle. …And immediately came back with a new group that turned out to be 2xCAs. Amazingly, bad rolls continued, so that at the end of round 2, I still had one SC to retreat out.
First contact. That's the full board. I'm yellow, Demon is green.
Demon, as it turns out, took the opportunity to build infrastructure, building pipelines and shipyards. I built a pair of CAs of my own, and a forward shipyard (that I hoped looked more like a base for the moment…).
So far the action had been along the bottom of the map, and I had my main force (2xSC, 1xDD…) at the top, and Demon fell back in front of my three groups to his 2xCA. Worse, he had another group up there to menace my most recent colony. I headed down to protect the forward shipyard, his CAs went up… and on turn 3, the double-move let my main force attack the collection of groups that his CAs left behind. We had four groups each (my ships from before, plus a third SC), while he had a known SC, plus what turned out to be two more SCs and a decoy (I'd had suspicions, since he'd put out more groups than seemed possible to afford). Poor rolls continued for us both, so that there was only one hit (killing one of his SC) in the first round, and that was his only loss when he retreated on the second round.
The SCs moved back to his latest colony, the group along the north moved back (likely decoy…), and the CAs hit my colony up there, but missed on the bombardment. During the fourth econ he produced a base at his forward colony, 2xDD, and some more pipelines (and some tech?). I produced another pair of CAs, a base at my remaining top-side colony, and a pipeline to finish connecting all my lower-side colonies. Demon also bid on turn order so he could go first. His new ships moved forward… and his bombardment of my colony failed again. I went into his nearby colony, and found that he had indeed built a base there (it seemed likely, but I needed to know). The base killed my DD, and one of my SCs killed one of his, and everything else missed (including the base's second round shot), so I retreated out.
In the third turn, Demon finally finished off my colony (holding him up for an entire economic cycle was a big win for me), and pursued my retreating fleet. Both of us had new groups present, and mine was my first pair of CAs, while his turned out to be two DDs. (He had obviously hoped for something lesser….) Bad rolls meant one hit per side in the first round, killing one of his DDs and one of my SCs. The second round finally saw good rolls, with the CAs getting the remaining DD, and my SCs getting his SC before it could retreat. The third round double-move got me to the next colony in line, and I traded a SC for a SY, miner, and pipeline, and wiped out the colony with three out of three hits.
With my navy victorious at the bottom, and my second pair of CAs and a base waiting for his CAs ans suspected decoy at the top, I figured he couldn't get at anything important in a turn, and merely built a second base (at the forward shipyard), two decoys and a pipeline, while purchasing Attack 1. Demon seems to have produced three CAs… and three decoys.
My fleet pressed forward and was intercepted by the new CAs in E2, while the older ones got my two group force that was a decoy and my second pair of CAs in C8. In former battle, I lost my last SC, and retreated to D3 (technically closer to my homeworld…). The other battle went three rounds with all misses for the first two, and then I got lucky to kill a CA with a pair of hits, and Demon (wisely) retreated out.
I chased after the remaining CA, and my other force hit the colony I'd retreated next to, which thankfully had a pair of shipyards instead of a base. I took one hit before knocking out the shipyards and reducing the colony to a 3. My second set of CAs got lucky again (two 1s!) to knock out his CA before it could retreat.
Demon chased down my first CAs, we did a hit each… and then he realized I could retreat out and hit a colony ship that had just moved to settle Kronos/E4. He conceded at that point.
For me, the critical point was when Demon pursued my fleet into the 2xCAs coming up behind, hoping the new group wasn't anything too tough. Not a wise thought simply because I didn't have much else out there, and nothing more than a single DD had shown up yet. The money had to be going somewhere…
I also knew at the start I was in trouble, as I think more in terms of long games, and I was most of a turn behind on getting the initial colonies set up. The initial battles were bad for both of us with almost all rolls being 8+. I had done some decent maneuvering to pick off ships, and it failed because of the bad dice. However, his two CAs being held up for several turns trying to bombard my colony and failing more than made up for it, as it gave me time. Then, hot dice allowed my two CAs to kill his two without taking damage. The rest fell apart from there; I was expecting it to go longer, and was looking forward to seeing how the +1/0 CAs would do. (With the dice in this game… maybe not so well.)
└ Tags: 4X, gaming, science fiction
Dreamhearth
It's been a while since I read the initial Mindtouch/Mindline duology, but I had no problems getting back into this. I think the fact that it is a fairly unique story (on the dream-therapy end) well-done helped keep it fairly solid in my mind.
At any rate, we now tackle a new phase of Jahir and Vasiht'h's lives: going into practice. They have graduated, have licenses… and now just need somewhere to stay, and set out their shingle. The interesting part is this is both handled, and left unresolved at the start of the book. The tension of this unresolved beginning is the driver of the main conflict of the story, as Vasiht'h struggles with an uncertain future, and a breed of impostor syndrome.
In fact, while we do get a fair amount of time from Jahir's viewpoint, and he does have his own struggles, plot-wise the scales come down firmly on Vasiht'h's side. An amusing side-bit that carries through the book is a stunningly awful novel that he reads during the course of the book. Better yet, it's basically a pastiche/parody of Hogarth's own teenage writing (her notes on the story at the end are not to be missed).
Overall, it's a fairly light book (by page count, it's not as long as either of the first two books, and the main story isn't even the full book). The plot is decidedly on the slice-of-life side of things, with plenty of getting to know a new location. And that is one of the main attractions of the book (along with a pair of main characters who are well worth getting to know), as the community on Veta station is explored, and well depicted. The back of the book is a few miscellaneous things, mostly a set of 'case notes' from their next few years in practice. These are all short, a bit fragmentary, and hugely entertaining.
I don't think this is as strong as the original duology, so if you haven't read them, go do so. This is a sequel, and is a bit reliant on the others so I don't recommend starting here if it can be helped. That said, it's still a great place to end up.
Two Raids
by Rindis on May 1, 2021 at 12:00 pm
Mark and I returned to GEV a little while ago, playing the second scenario from that set, "Raid", which has always been one of the most interesting scenarios (along with "Breakthrough") of the system. While it's on the same basic GEV map as the first scenario, nothing has been shot up yet, and indeed a major source of Combine VPs is shooting up cities, bridges, and the railroad as well as the defending units.
I took the raiding Combine first, with 10 GEVs, while Mark set up a scattered defense, mostly based on the northern part of the map (naturally), with infantry dug-in in the cities, CP Alpha in 0403, the mobile Beta in 1601, a pair of missile tanks on the east-west road, and a howitzer covering the entire center of the map in 1111. I entered in two groups, half on each south-edge road, and wrecked a couple of city hexes before splitting up a little in the second move.
Paneurope starts well outnumbered with a choice of four 'armor units' to start with (note that howitzer counts as two units), and twenty squads of infantry. However, he gets a random reinforcing unit every turn, so after a little bit the defense stiffens appreciably. Mark got a missile tank on 1801 for his turn 1, which started down the road, while the other two and some infantry started redeploying. I went forward, and destroyed one infantry platoon in the west, and a squad from another in the east. In the second move, I crossed one of the streams, while in the east I fell back out of range of the infantry to try again next turn.
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└ Tags: gaming, GEV, science fiction
The Oppenheimer Alternative
by Rindis on April 3, 2021 at 12:00 pm
This one… is a bit of an odd duck. It's generally an alternate-history story featuring J. Robert Oppenheimer. At the same time, it's more of a fictionalized biography of him, especially as the alternate part of history is largely minimized.
In fact, it doesn't really split off into alt-history until about page 110 (and it's not that long a book). There's some minor bits before that, but that's where it turns into something plot-driving. From there, there's some real differences in the careers of the various people the plot follows, but at the same time, some big events still play out the same way, and transcripts from later government hearings are used to rebuild events.
Now, you have some of the finest minds of the 20th Century featured in this novel, and you have a big science-based problem for them to chew on. I'd expect the book to focus on scientific theorizing and questioning (as done very well in Inherit the Stars), but it doesn't. It stays focused on the character-side of everyone's lives, which means the actual plot never picks up a lot momentum.
Worse, the eventual solution comes a bit from the side, and has understandably lost some readers who've asked for explanations. I found it laid out well enough, but I have gigantic problems with innumerable logistic and engineering concerns that aren't addressed at all. (We're given a possible way out, and then it happens, with no look at a massive project whose budget would be completely in the top secret file.)
So, I can only give this a weak and qualified recommendation. From what very little I know, Sawyer does do a very good job understanding the characters of the major figures of the novel, and if you'd like to breathe some life into your knowledge of Oppenheimer, Szilard, von Braun, Feynman, and others, this will do it. The main plot however, never really delivers.
Ancillary Sword
by Rindis on March 10, 2021 at 12:00 pm
With any good story, it can be hard to manage to make the things that made it work function just as well again. That is, "sequelitis". With a fresh start, you can do something different, but with a sequel, you're stuck with certain story elements, and often the quality drops a bit.
With Ancillary Justice being such an impressive novel, does that happen here?
Well, yes and no. Ancillary Justice had some very specific things it went into, and that it had to say that gave it a lot of impact. This isn't really true here; there's some particular things that feed in from the first book, and continues to be interesting here. However, some parts, while present, aren't really gone into, and I think a new reader would be confused. On the other hand, the first book took half of its length to come together, and get to the point where you finally find out what the central plot is.
Ancillary Sword is much more straightforward, and doesn't need half a novel to sort itself out. There's still plenty of mystery, but of the more typical form of digging into what the viewpoint character doesn't know about the situation, than the fractured plot of the original.
The good writing caries over, and Breq's voice is very clear, so the interest there is in full force. The overall theme here is more the collision of two (or more) cultures, in a colonial context (in the historical sense of one power coming in and ordering everything as it wants, and reshuffling everyone else without regard to their desires), and powers much of the plot. Overall, it's not as good as the previous, because it doesn't go into the 'deep questions' that SF can explore, but it is a much more even book.
by Rindis on February 22, 2021 at 12:00 pm
I've enjoyed Honsinger's Man of War series as a fairly typical energetic military-SF series borrowing from the Age of Sail literary series. My main disappointment with the series is that it halts at a dramatic moment, and the sequel series hasn't come out yet.
Instead, we have a prequel series, dealing with a teenaged version of the main character. Instead of a look at the operations of a small destroyer, Robichaux is on his own, scouting in a small stealthy craft monitoring Krag (the bad guys in the long-running war Earth is in) activity.
Well, that's the theory. Things go extremely sideways for Robichaux once the story starts, and he ends up dealing with mysterious Vaaach, and an entirely different situation as part of that. Dealing with the Vaaach isn't done with at the end here, but that is the overarching spine for this prequel series.
The action is as well done as ever. What we see of the setting is fairly well done, and the characterization is good. But, because Robichaux is the only real character here, a lot of the strengths of the main series are blunted. However, this is a novella instead of a novel, so it's not allowed to outstay it's welcome.
Two Breakthroughs
by Rindis on December 20, 2020 at 12:00 pm
After going through the last tutorial scenario for Operation Dauntless, Mark and I spent a little time with the classic pocket game GEV, and it's initial "Breakthrough" scenario. I haven't played it in decades, and while Mark is well aware of Ogre/GEV, he's never played the series.
I took raiding Combine GEVs (12 for the basic scenario) for our first playthrough, while Mark took 2xheavy tanks, 2xmissile tanks, 2xlight tanks, and 2xlight GEVs for his six armor units (yes, we used the full range of 'standard' units, including Shockwave units, but not the more advanced bits like the GEV-PC and marine infantry). I came in with two groups, one of six GEVs unequally split between three hexes cruising up the river, and then three sets of two GEVs each headed through the gap in the forest nearby. Mark redeployed a little, but mostly hung near his initial posts as I got closer.
For my second turn, five of the GEVs continued up the river and then into the lake, while one went ashore to help the other set who advanced up to the stream before crossing it on the second move. Mark hurried a second heavy tank east, and sent a light tank and infantry that way, but other parts stayed put (including a missile and light tank in the west). I concentrated 6 GEVs against the heavies and killed one and disabled the other before scattering away from the infantry, while the group on the lake came ashore during the second move.
The Lost Fleet: Dauntless
by Rindis on December 8, 2020 at 12:00 pm
Okay, military science-fiction is always a selling point for me, and I have taken too long to get to this series.
It is always presented as a series, and with good reason. While this is a complete story, structure-wise, the overall situation and problem won't be resolved (presumably) until book six. The good news is that these are relatively short books by modern standards, coming in at ~300 pages each, so this isn't a six-book series of bloated editing.
The overall set up fairly good, and quite space opera in nature. The Alliance fleet finds an old survival pod on its way to battle, and it happens to contain a near-legendary hero from the beginning of the war—one hundred years ago. This is before the start of the book, and the actual start is the top command of the fleet getting killed, leaving our Jack Geary the most senior captain available—by nearly a century.
The setup is actually handled fairly well, and a lot of the personality, and personality clashes are well done. It's definitely one of the strong points of the writing. The military side can get into teeth-grating problems… but this is by design. It's… also a case of making the main character look smarter by 'dumbing down' the other characters. However, here, Geary is a professional, well-trained for his job. After a century of taking heavy losses, institutional memory in the fleet is almost non-existent, and all the officers are much younger than they should be. And the characters are generally written as intelligent, they just don't have a lot of military knowledge and habits they should.
This does also mean that the other characters can serve as a way to naturally bring up how things work and explain them for the reader. One unknown is just how much the Syndicate navy is suffering from the same problem, and I assume it'll be explored in later books. Similarly, there's a bit of setup here for the sequel series; Campbell was definitely thinking ahead.
There's two real battles in this book, plus some other activities (taking down some light planetary defenses), and the action is well handled all the way. It's also nicely paced. In many ways, this isn't anything special, just a bunch of milSF tropes seen before, but it is all well crafted, with good writing, characters, plot, and pacing. That's the real win here, there's not much in the way of weak points. That makes it worth a look right there, and recommended even to people who may not normally go for this kind of thing.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Understanding The Aboriginal Peoples of Canada
Adaptations Regulations
Special Bulletin For Aboriginal Firearms Users No. 3
The information contained in this bulletin is considered accurate the date of publication. The information has not been updated to reflect any changes to the Firearms Act and related regulations.
This is the third in a series of special bulletins that explain the Firearms Act and how it affects Aboriginal Peoples in Canada. Designed to improve public safety, the Firearms Act is being phased in between December 1, 1998 and January 1, 2003.
The Aboriginal Peoples of Canada Adaptations Regulations
On December 1, 1998, the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada Adaptations Regulations came into effect to ensure that the new gun law meets the special and unique circumstances of Inuit, Métis and First Nations Peoples in Canada. These regulations adapt the Firearms Act for Aboriginal gun users who have traditional hunting lifestyles.
While the licensing and registration provisions of the Firearms Act apply to everyone who uses firearms, the steps you must take to meet these requirements will be different if you are applying under the Aboriginal Adaptations Regulations.
Very early in the process of completing your licence application form, you will be asked to answer "yes" or "no" to the following question: "Are you applying under the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada Adaptations Regulations (Firearms)?"
As an Aboriginal person, you do not have to apply for your firearms licence under the Aboriginal Adaptations Regulations. You have a choice, depending on your particular needs and circumstances. In most cases, these regulations will not be needed, however, in some cases, they may help you get your firearms licence.
How Will I Know?
The chart below sets out the general requirements for getting a firearms licence, and how these requirements are adapted by the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada Adaptations Regulations.
Aboriginal Adaptations Regulations
Language-literacy Various written statements are required for each type of licence (possession-only, possession and acquisition, and minor's possession). These statements must be written in English or French. If you, or any other Aboriginal person making a statement on your behalf, cannot write in English or French, then it can be made orally or with the help of an interpreter to a firearms officer.
Shared use of firearms (possession-only licence) The applicant must own at least one firearm on December 1, 1998 to apply for a possession-only licence. Ownership is not required for Aboriginal applicants. A possession-only licence will allow you to continue to use, without supervision, firearms belonging to others which you had the use of on December 1, 1998.
Safety training Adult applicants for a possession and acquisition licence must pass the Canadian Firearms Safety Course (CFSC) test. All applicants for a minor's possession licence (except for minor sustenance hunters) must take the CFSC and pass the test. Under certain circumstances, as an Aboriginal adult or minor, you may be alternatively certified as long as you can show that you know:
how to safely use, store, transport, and handle firearms, and
the laws that apply.
Contact the chief of your community about getting the form filled out.
Minor's Possession Licence Non-Aboriginal youths must be at least 12 years old to apply for this licence. Aboriginal children under 12 years of age who practice traditional hunting can apply for a minor's possession licence.
Background safety checks All licence applicants must successfully pass a background safety check before a firearms licence is issued. This includes a criminal record review, and screening for a history of violent behaviour (not limited to gun use), in the last five years. If you are concerned about the outcome of your background safety check, this adaptation gives you a chance to send in your Elder's or another community leader's recommendation in support of your licence application. Any recommendations received must be considered before a final decision is made about your licence.
If you meet the general requirements set out above, then answer "no" to the question about the Aboriginal Adaptations Regulations on the licence application form. However, if you do not meet the general requirements, and wish to apply under the Aboriginal Adaptations Regulations, then check the "yes" box on the form.
A "yes" answer will require you to identify which of the above Adaptations Regulations you want to apply for. You must also provide a declaration, confirmed by an Elder or another leader of your community, stating that you:
are a member of one of the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada (First Nations, Inuit or Métis, or a beneficiary under a land claims agreement referred to in section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982);
are a member of an Aboriginal community; and
take part in the traditional hunting practices of your community.
This information can be sent on form "Schedule A – Declaration and Confirmation" (Form # JUS 794), however, you can send it to us in any format (e.g. a letter) provided it is complete.
Other schedules will be sent to you later if you are applying for alternative safety training certification or wish to submit recommendations supporting your licence application.
Application forms are also available at post offices or by calling 1 800 731-4000. If you have any questions, please call our toll-free number. Our operators are trained to answer questions about the law and about filling out the forms
Please contact Chief Richard Zohr To See About Getting An Alternate Safety Form for aboriginals.


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Home game help homework Euthanasia and the law
Euthanasia and the law
A number of ethical questions are concerned with the endpoints of the human life span. The question of whether abortion or the use of human embryos as sources of stem cells can be morally justified was exhaustively discussed… The opinion that euthanasia is morally permissible is traceable to SocratesPlatoand the Stoics.
Introduction In a issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, an article titled "It's Over Debbie" describes how an anonymous doctor administers a fatal dose of morphine to a woman dying of ovarian cancer Anonymous, In a issue of the Euthanasia and the law England Journal of Medicine, ten doctors associated with the nation's leading hospitals and medical schools declare their belief that "it is not immoral for a physician to assist in the rational suicide of a terminally ill person" Wanzer, et.
Timothy Quill which discussed his decision to help a patient suffering from leukemia commit suicide Quill, Jack Kervorkian uses his suicide machine to help a woman suffering from Alzheimer's disease, one Janet Adkins, end her life in the back of a Volkswagen bus Risen, Janet was the first of twenty patients who have been aided by Kervorkian in the past three years.
He remains committed to his practice. In the Hemlock Society publishes a how-to manual on committing suicide. Entitled Final Exit, it zooms to the top of the national best seller lists and stays there for several weeks Altman, Each of these events has served to provoke ever widening media coverage of the issues surrounding euthanasia and physician assisted suicide, and a national debate has arisen around these practices.
This debate is not merely limited to attorneys and physicians. Suddenly, these issues and this debate are now a part of life in mainstream America, and many Americans face dilemmas that did not exist in simpler times; dilemmas that many would rather not have to face.
The Nature of the Debate It is this sudden change in the way Americans are dealing with death, the nature and scope of the debate about dying, which prompts this analysis of the issues surrounding euthanasia.
This debate is largely a debate about what is ethical. Questions the debate attempts to answer include: Is it right to commit suicide? Is it ethical for someone else to help? Is it right to put others to death at their own request or at the request of family members?
The Ethics of Euthanasia
These questions are important because they help to define our society and our culture. The way people deal with and respond to issues of life, ritual, and death serves to shape the nature of our society. This is why society must attempt to decide what is right; what is ethical conduct for the various actors in our communities when we face death.
There are several reasons why this debate has surfaced in the 's. Death is nothing new, it has existed for thousands of years. Each culture has developed its own rituals and mechanisms for dealing with death. These mechanisms serve to provide solace, a sense of continuity, and allow the culture to continue even as the members of the community cannot.
However, our own culture has experienced many shattering changes that have altered the nature of dying. Suddenly we are forced to rethink the issue of death and we must decide what types of behavior are ethical when someone is dying.
Before we can examine the debate about the ethics of dying, we must examine why the debate exists. Perhaps the main reason that death has changed in western culture has to do with advances in medicine and technology.
Many of the diseases that have historically killed people are now no longer a threat to most individuals. Medicine has made a variety of advances in the treatment of diseases such as smallpox, tuberculosis, malaria, pneumonia, polio, influenza, and measles.
People now rarely die of such traditional causes. Life expectancy has risen to almost 75 years in the United States. The quality of life has also changed fundamentally during the past years.
Not only does almost everyone in the United States have enough to eat, but people eat higher on the food chain. There is a great deal more meat and animal fat in modern diets.
Just these differences alone have changed death significantly. People now develop heart disease, adult onset diabetes, cancers, and AIDS.The law was guided by the Netherlands and Oregon experiences, and the public was assured that any defects in the Dutch law would be addressed in the Belgian law.
Luxembourg legalized euthanasia and pas in Euthanasia, Assisted Suicide, and Withdrawal of Life Support. Euthanasia and withdrawing life support are covered by health care schwenkreis.comr either is allowed varies from state to schwenkreis.comasia is a word generally used to describe mercy killing, which differs from assisted suicide in that the patient or person in pain is killed by someone else.
Time To Say Goodbye: A Practical Guide to Pet Euthanasia (Having Your Pet Put Down). The difficult decision to "put down" or euthanase (euthanatize) a beloved family pet is an issue all too often faced by pet owners and their veterinarians.
Euthanasia, also called mercy killing, act or practice of painlessly putting to death persons suffering from painful and incurable disease or incapacitating physical disorder or allowing them to die by withholding treatment or withdrawing artificial life-support measures.
State Laws Governing Euthanasia This is a summary of statutory and regulatory provisions that AVMA is aware addressing the euthanasia of companion animals. A survey of the 50 states' euthanasia laws reveals that several states allow non-veterinarians to perform euthanasia on companion animals.
The Euthanasia Act in the Australian Northern Territories The parliament of the Northern Territory in Australia passed the Rights of the Terminally Ill (ROTI) Act in May , which was in effect for nine months from July 1, , to March 25, , when the act was repealed by legislation passed by the parliament of Australia.
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Legalizing euthanasia or assisted suicide: the illusion of safeguards and controls


text:
Watch All About Nina
All About Nina is a movie starring Mary Elizabeth Winstead, Brodie Reed, and Charlotte Newhouse. Nina is a stand-up comedian who sees her life turned upside down when she meets Rafe.
Mary Elizabeth Winstead, Brodie Reed, Jay Mohr, Charlotte Newhouse
Romance, Comedy, Drama
Eva Vives
Nina Hakkinda Her Sey, Nina - No Palco e Na Vida
Nina Geld (Winstead) is a bracingly funny and blisteringly provocative stand-up comedian whose career is taking off, but whose personal life is a near-complete disaster. To escape a difficult ex and to prepare for a prospectively life-changing audition, Nina flees to Los Angeles where she meets Rafe (Common), who challenges almost every preconception she has -- including those around her own deeply troubled past.
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18 customer reviews about comedy «All About Nina»
3 out of 5 stars 3 out of 5 stars
Donald G.
Wednesday, 15 Jul 2020 02:06
I think the best way to describe this film is to say that it's a modern version of "Annie Hall" with a modern twist. The film was based on the life of Nina Simone, a singer and actress, who was known for her innovative style and style. This is the story of her life and her relationship with the world. The film follows her life from the age of 15 until the age of 30, and also follows her relationship with her son, who is the main character in the film. The film is very entertaining and it was very refreshing to see a film that is not afraid to be quirky and original. I think that this film is worth watching and I definitely recommend it to everyone.
Tiffany Washington
Monday, 13 Jul 2020 08:54
I must admit that I am not a huge fan of Elizabeth Olsen and that's why I had a hard time getting into this movie. But when I got into it, I really got into it. The movie starts off with a guy in his early 20's named Nina (played by Elizabeth Olsen) who is struggling with her relationship with her boyfriend, her sister, and her best friend. Nina is a very intelligent, sexy, and independent woman. One day, Nina meets up with her ex-boyfriend and decides to go back to her childhood home in Texas to start over. When she arrives, she meets her childhood friends and a rather eccentric neighbor named Tom (played by Fred Willard). Tom is an old man who has a bad case of the blues and is a very old-fashioned person. The two friends eventually decide to split up and Nina decides to go back to her boyfriend. The rest of the movie is a series of events that lead to a very awkward reunion between Nina and Tom. The movie is very funny and the performances by both Olsen and Willard are very good. It's a very romantic movie, but I would say that the romantic parts are really only for the women. The ending is a little predictable but it's still a very good movie. I recommend it to anyone who likes romance movies and Elizabeth Olsen.
Brenda White
I have to admit I was a bit hesitant about this movie. I have seen the trailer and it looked like it would be a typical romantic comedy. But I'm glad I decided to give it a shot. The story is about a young woman named Nina (Olivia Cooke) who is trying to find her way in life. She is a waitress who is in love with a man named Ron (Robert De Niro). But when she finds out he is a successful businessman she begins to get jealous. Her mother (Jill Clayburgh) helps her out in this quest. Her mother and Nina work together to try and get her back to her original self. I will say that this movie was very good. I think it is a great movie. The characters were very real and I think that they were very well developed. The story was very good. I loved the way that the story was told. I think that the acting was very good. I also loved the way that the story was told. I think that this is a movie that should be seen by everyone. I think that this movie is very underrated. I think that this movie is a great movie that I think everyone should see. It is a good movie that everyone should see.
Christian Butler
I just watched this movie again and I can't get over how good it is. The film is not a typical romantic comedy, it's a serious drama that is very well done. I don't think I have ever seen a movie with such a strong story and so much depth and character development. The characters are so well developed that you feel for them and the actors are very good in their roles. The story is very interesting and you really care about the characters. The movie has a good ending, and you really feel for the characters and you really want them to make it through the film. I think this is one of the best films of the year and I hope to see more from them.
This movie was so good, I loved it! I thought it was going to be another chick-flick, but I was wrong. I thought it was very well written and well acted. The characters were very well developed and each one of them had a very interesting story to tell. I was very pleased with the movie. I highly recommend it. I am glad that I bought it on DVD, because I really do love the movie. I would like to see it again and I hope to see it again.
I thought this was a really good film. I'm not a big fan of the genre but this one was a winner. The performances were great, the direction was excellent, and the story was just great. I thought the two leads were great. The story was a little hard to follow at times but it didn't matter. I think that the film had a good message about what it means to be true to yourself and to be true to others. I give it a 9 out of 10.
I'm a big fan of Gwyneth Paltrow, and I was really looking forward to seeing this movie. But it was pretty much a waste of time. It was a bit too long, and the characters were just flat and uninteresting. The romance between Natalie and Nick was too forced and forced, and there was no chemistry between Natalie and Nicholas. I also found the movie to be kind of cliche, it had a lot of cliches in it. I was looking forward to a movie about a divorced couple with a good life, but the movie just left me feeling unsatisfied. I would have liked it if the movie had been more about Natalie and Nick's life together, and the romance between Natalie and Nick, but that didn't happen. I would have liked to have seen a little more of Nick and Natalie's relationship, but I think it would have helped to have more screen time with Nick and Natalie. Overall, I'd say that the movie was a pretty good way to spend an hour and a half, but it didn't do anything special.
I really enjoyed this film. It's a real treat to watch this movie, and it's not just because of the wonderful cast. The story is very moving and touching. It's a true story of a young girl who grew up in a broken family, and how she managed to survive it. It's a real story about the importance of family, and how we can all learn from it. It's a very emotional film, and it's very well written, so if you're looking for a film to watch with a group of friends, you'll love this one. It's a great movie to watch with your significant other, and it's a real story that you should watch.
Mary Stephens
This is the most touching film I have seen in a long time. It has a great message about the importance of family, and the bond between a mother and a daughter. It is also a story of a young girl who is not always happy in the world. I thought it was great to see a film about a young girl who is going to grow up and become a woman, and this is a beautiful film.
Joan P.
I just saw this movie last night and I have to say that I loved it. It was a nice change of pace from the typical romantic comedies that we get all the time. The movie is about a girl named Nina who is the only black woman in her high school and she is the only one that gets the attention of the boys. Nina has a great sense of humor and when she is not trying to make the boys like her, she is trying to make the boys like her. It is a movie that you can watch with your friends and all of the boys will be rooting for her. I think that this movie is a must see.
I was fortunate enough to see this movie at the film festival in Austin, TX, and I was impressed by how this film was made. The director was able to create a film that was not only entertaining, but it also made me feel like I was in the film. This film was able to capture the beauty of the Midwest. The acting was great and the plot was great. I loved how the director was able to create a film that was both real and entertaining. I can't wait to see the film again and will be recommending it to friends.
Benjamin Burke
This movie is a bit different from other movies about "Nina" and her past. Instead of her being a very loving and caring person, it shows her as a manipulative and abusive person. This movie is definitely worth watching.
Kathy A.
I saw this film at the Toronto Film Festival and I really enjoyed it. It was very funny and I think that the cast and crew did an excellent job. The cast and crew were really good at capturing the quirky humor of the movie and I really loved the way they handled the humor. The story was interesting and it was definitely a lot of fun. I really enjoyed the whole film and I recommend it to anyone who is into comedy and movies. I give it a 9/10.
This is one of the best movies I have ever seen. I watched it last night and fell in love with it. I felt it was a great story that was well told. It is definitely worth seeing. The cast was perfect for the roles. It is a very touching movie and I would recommend it to anyone. The acting was very good and I think it is a great movie. I think this is one of the best movies I have ever seen. I would definitely recommend this movie to anyone.
I can't believe this movie has a 5.9 rating. I thought this movie was hilarious, and it was actually quite funny. I didn't think it was going to be as funny as it was, but it was. I laughed so hard at this movie that I actually started crying. I have been a big fan of Sean Penn since I was a kid, and I thought that he was really good in this movie. I was actually surprised at how good he was in this movie, because I thought he was going to be good, but he was actually really good. I think that he was good because he really showed that he could act, and he was funny. I think that this movie was very funny, and it was really good. I recommend this movie to everyone who wants to laugh.
George Wood
I read a few of the reviews for this movie, and it's not surprising that some of them were quite negative. I am in the same boat, but I think I've got to watch it again. It's very easy to criticize a movie for not being original, and I think this movie is very much a case of originality. The movie is a very dark comedy, but I really didn't mind that. It's very dark, and I like that. I really don't like that most movies are too light. The movie is very clever, and it's also very funny. I can't really say that the movie is perfect, but it's definitely worth watching. I can't really say that it's the best movie ever, but it's definitely one of the better ones. I'm not really sure why this movie is rated so low. I think that this movie is definitely worth watching.
I just saw this film for the first time, and it is an enjoyable and well-made film. The film is based on the life of Kim Novak, who is a young woman who is trying to figure out what to do with her life. She is studying to be a journalist, but her parents are pushing her to go to a different college to further her education. She has a boyfriend, but she doesn't know what to do with him. She has a friend who is a porn star, and she wants to make a movie. She does, but the movie doesn't work out. Then she meets a guy who tells her that she is not good at making movies, and she is never going to be a good actress. She is a college student who is trying to figure out what to do with her life. This is a very funny film. The two leads are good. And the supporting characters are also good. The film is worth seeing.
I had never heard of this movie until I saw it at a local library. I was so intrigued that I decided to rent it. I think it's a great movie that is about the struggles of a woman who is trying to make a name for herself in the music industry and is also trying to balance her personal life with her career. I think it's a very intelligent movie that shows that sometimes, even in the best of circumstances, life is not as easy as we'd like to think it is. I also liked the ending. It was unexpected and had me on the edge of my seat. Overall, I think this movie is worth seeing.


text:
In the mathematical field of dynamical systems, a random dynamical system is a dynamical system in which the equations of motion have an element of randomness to them. Random dynamical systems are characterized by a state space S, a set of maps  from S into itself that can be thought of as the set of all possible equations of motion, and a probability distribution Q on the set  that represents the random choice of map. Motion in a random dynamical system can be informally thought of as a state  evolving according to a succession of maps randomly chosen according to the distribution Q.

An example of a random dynamical system is a stochastic differential equation; in this case the distribution Q is typically determined by noise terms. It consists of a base flow, the "noise", and a cocycle dynamical system on the "physical" phase space. Another example is discrete state random dynamical system; some elementary contradistinctions between Markov chain and random dynamical system descriptions of a stochastic dynamics are discussed.

Motivation 1: Solutions to a stochastic differential equation

Let  be a -dimensional vector field, and let . Suppose that the solution  to the stochastic differential equation

exists for all positive time and some (small) interval of negative time dependent upon , where  denotes a -dimensional Wiener process (Brownian motion). Implicitly, this statement uses the classical Wiener probability space

In this context, the Wiener process is the coordinate process.

Now define a flow map or (solution operator)  by

(whenever the right hand side is well-defined). Then  (or, more precisely, the pair ) is a (local, left-sided) random dynamical system. The process of generating a "flow" from the solution to a stochastic differential equation leads us to study suitably defined "flows" on their own. These "flows" are random dynamical systems.

Motivation 2: Connection to Markov Chain
An i.i.d random dynamical system in the discrete space is described by a triplet .
  is the state space, .
  is a family of maps of . Each such map has a  matrix representation, called deterministic transition matrix. It is a binary matrix but it has exactly one entry 1 in each row and 0s otherwise.
  is the probability measure of the -field of .
The discrete random dynamical system comes as follows,
 The system is in some state  in , a map  in  is chosen according to the probability measure  and the system moves to the state  in step 1.
 Independently of previous maps, another map  is chosen according to the probability measure   and the system moves to the state .
 The procedure repeats.
The random variable  is constructed by means of composition of independent random maps, .  Clearly,  is a Markov Chain.

Reversely, can, and how, a given MC be represented by the compositions of i.i.d. random transformations? Yes, it can, but not unique. The proof for existence is similar with Birkhoff–von Neumann theorem for doubly stochastic matrix.

Here is an example that illustrates the existence and non-uniqueness.

Example: If the state space  and the set of the transformations  expressed in terms of deterministic transition matrices. Then a Markov transition matrix can be represented by the following decomposition by the min-max algorithm,

In the meantime, another decomposition could be

Formal definition

Formally, a random dynamical system consists of a base flow, the "noise", and a cocycle dynamical system on the "physical" phase space. In detail.

Let  be a probability space, the noise space. Define the base flow  as follows: for each "time" , let  be a measure-preserving measurable function:

 for all  and ;

Suppose also that
 , the identity function on ;
 for all , .

That is, , , forms a group of measure-preserving transformation of the noise . For one-sided random dynamical systems, one would consider only positive indices ; for discrete-time random dynamical systems, one would consider only integer-valued ; in these cases, the maps  would only form a commutative monoid instead of a group.

While true in most applications, it is not usually part of the formal definition of a random dynamical system to require that the measure-preserving dynamical system  is ergodic.

Now let  be a complete separable metric space, the phase space. Let  be a -measurable function such that

 for all , , the identity function on ;
 for (almost) all ,  is continuous;
  satisfies the (crude) cocycle property: for almost all ,

In the case of random dynamical systems driven by a Wiener process , the base flow  would be given by

.

This can be read as saying that  "starts the noise at time  instead of time 0". Thus, the cocycle property can be read as saying that evolving the initial condition  with some noise  for  seconds and then through  seconds with the same noise (as started from the  seconds mark) gives the same result as evolving  through  seconds with that same noise.

Attractors for random dynamical systems
The notion of an attractor for a random dynamical system is not as straightforward to define as in the deterministic case. For technical reasons, it is necessary to "rewind time", as in the definition of a pullback attractor. Moreover, the attractor is dependent upon the realisation  of the noise.

See also
Chaos theory
Diffusion process
Stochastic control

References

Stochastic differential equations
Stochastic processes


text:
Stuart Murdoch, nascut el 25 d'agost de 1968 a Clarkston, Escòcia, és el cantant principal de la banda escocesa Belle & Sebastian, així com el compositor de la majoria de les seues cançons. A més, és l'únic dels dos membres fundadors (l'altre era Stuart David) que encara segueix a la banda. A més de cantar al grup, també canta la majoria de diumenges al cor local de l'església de Hyndland, a Glasgow, Escòcia; on hi va treballar d'encarregat de manteniment abans de dedicar-se a temps complet a la banda.

Referències

Enllaços externs
 Diari de Stuart  al web oficial de Belle and Sebastian

Cantants escocesos
Belle & Sebastian


The American Swimming Coaches Association (ASCA) is the only organization that brings together swimming professionals, across all specialties, to collaborate and inspire one another. Through relevant information, comprehensive training, and targeted networking, ASCA helps those in the aquatics industry deepen their expertise, elevate their careers, and ultimately, achieve better results. With our central theme of "leadership, education and certification," we provide a professional umbrella for synthesizing ideas and information from throughout the swimming community into a coherent direction for action.
Posted on March 25, 2011, in athletes, athletic performance, Bodyblade, coaching swimming, dryland, dryland training, functional movement, Grif Fig, human performance, mobility, overtraining, overtraining injury, practice, prehab, shoulder injury, sports injury, swim training, swim workouts, swimmers, swimming, training and tagged dryland. Bookmark the permalink.	1 Comment.


My very safe and conservative trainer recently picked out an amazingly calm and talented 7-year old stallion for her to ride in the professional Hunter Derby's and for me to ride novice level hunters. He acts like a gelding with impeccable ground manners, yet some people are telling me to always use a stud chain (he goes in a regular lead), never feed him from my hand (yet he takes cookies like a gentleman), never use a stall guard so he can hang his head out (he is very friendly and misses this), basically never trust him.
Some of the Grand Prix jumpers in the barn are more unsafe to be around than he is. Am I supposed to treat him AS IF he is always going to be bad? If you treat a horse AS IF he is always going to be bad will this not eventually make him bad? His temperament is so kind and friendly this would be a nice trait to pass on to offspring, so I am reluctant to geld him unless he demonstrates he is not safe in a normal training barn environment. Am I doing the right thing?
I don't think it's a matter of treating him badly, but rather, a safety and control issue. Proper use of a chain shank, over the nose, is not treating him badly, and will give you an added safety margin, should a situation present itself where you need way more control than a regular lead will give you. I have been in many situations with geldings where I wished I had more control. First day at horse shows can easily bring out unusual behavior in many normally quiet horses.
Feeding him cookies from your hand would seem okay to me unless it starts to encourage some undesirable traits like nipping. Keep an eye on this. I agree on not using a stall guard for a stallion. It's just not a safe enough barrier should he want out. If you want him to hang his head out, I would invest in a tall screen door and if he is okay hanging his head out, get one with a yoke. That is a much safer door. You don't want him to get loose on the grounds and nether does anyone else.
I agree with you and don't think you should always treat him as if he were going to be bad. However, handling a stallion is a responsibility, and you must keep his respect. Don't be afraid to apply the proper discipline when and if he needs it. I would also advise calling a breeder and getting some additional advise on handling stallions. It sounds like you have an easy and fun project. Good Luck!
Bernie gives a member suggestions on how to help lengthen her horse's canter stride so she can get down lines in the correct amount of strides.
Verena Mahin offers a member suggestions on how she can develop her Holsteiner's topline.
Rob Gage talks about finding and fixing your distance to arrive at the best takeoff spot.


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NOTE: The information regarding Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) on this page is re-published from the CIA World Factbook 2018. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) should be addressed to the CIA.


I'm making a game similar to the game Terraria and ran into an issue on how to store the data of tile types. Each tile has an integer called tileType and this dictates all the other attributes of the tile like hardness, texture, etc. The tile itself is not a gameobject but instead a class in an array called Tiles located in each chunk (the chunks are the gameobjects). My issue is storing all the data of the tile types and have resorted to doing a switch statement for every possible tile type but this feels extremely slow because I plan of making tiles destructible. Is there any way to store the tile type data in a more efficient way?
The given code is in C#. JSON is only the name of this specific way to format data but has nothing to do with the programming language.
I created a tutorial on medium, which basically is close the answer posted here.
Thanks for the feedback, this helps as well!
Thanks so much! I am just wondering how to access the bool IsExplored in your script?


The implementation of teleporter objects.
Move function for teleporter objects.
Definition at line 51 of file teleporter.c.
References obj::above, enter_exit(), EVENT_TRIGGER, execute_event(), EXIT_PATH, EXIT_X, EXIT_Y, FABS, FLAG_IS_FLOOR, FLAG_WIZPASS, HEAD, llevError, LOG(), obj::map, MIN_ACTIVE_SPEED, obj::more, object_free_drop_inventory(), object_remove(), out_of_map(), PLAYER, QUERY_FLAG, SCRIPT_FIX_ALL, obj::speed, teleport(), TELEPORTER, transfer_ob(), and obj::type.
Referenced by teleporter_type_process(), and teleporter_type_trigger().
Definition at line 109 of file teleporter.c.
Definition at line 122 of file teleporter.c.


Hashtag is gorgeous! He is playful, fun and loves his momma! He is absolutely a baby and is still learning manners from his horse friends and his human friends. He is very well socialized and will make a great addition to any family, but is only available to go with his mom Jewels.


text:
Alfred and Emily
I think my father's rage at the trenches took me over, when I was very young, and has never left me. Do children feel their parents' emotions? Yes, we do, and it is a legacy I could have done without. What is the use of it? It is as if that old war is in my own memory, my own consciousness.
In this extraordinary book, the 2007 Nobel Laureate Doris Lessing explores the lives of her parents, each irrevocably damaged by the Great War. Her father wanted the simple life of an English farmer, but shrapnel almost killed him in the trenches, and thereafter he had to wear a wooden leg. Her mother, Emily, spent the war nursing the wounded in the Royal Free Hospital after her great love, a doctor, drowned in the Channel.
In the fictional first half of Alfred and Emily, Doris Lessing imagines the happier lives her parents might have made for themselves had there been no war; a story that begins with their meeting at a village cricket match outside Colchester. This is followed by a piercing examination of their relationship as it actually was in the shadow of the Great War, of the family's move to Africa, and of the impact of her parents' marriage on a young woman growing up in a strange land.
"Here I still am," says Doris Lessing, "trying to get out from under that monstrous legacy, trying to get free." Triumphantly, with the publication of Alfred and Emily, she has done just that.
In this extraordinary book, the 2007 Nobel Laureate Doris Lessing explores the lives of her parents, each irrevocably damaged by the Great War. Her father wanted the simple life… (more)


And there's CNBC defending the actions of Wall Street. They have bought into the CDS end of the world mantra. Not that I'm in favor of salary caps, what I'm in favor of is not allowing uncontolled debt and derivative expansion.
How's this? Freeze all CDS until an exchange can be made to handle the FEW proper uses of them. If freezing the CDS knocks your institution to the ground, GREAT, then we'll know who is swimming naked in the toxic ocean. Those who aren't can pick up the pieces. GS and JPM fail? TOOO BAD, there's our opening to a better system moving forward. Will it happen? Of course not in a deliberate manner, but it will most likely happen sooner or later regardless.


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how can i be succesful at selling products on amazon?
how can I be successful at selling products on amazon?
Re: how can i be succesful at selling products on amazon?
Welcome keithsea. We are happy that you have chosen to be a part of our community. Won't you take a few minutes and go to Introduce Yourself and tell us a bit about your business. It would be helpful to anyone who would like to give you some of their advice if you would tell us what methods you have tried to sell online, too.
Hi keithsea! As Cath stated above, we're glad to have you as part of our community.
Selling on Amazon can be a daunting, but rewarding process, as more and more shoppers move away from "brick and mortar" stores to the convenience of online shopping. As Christmas season approaches (it's closer than you think!), take the time to fine tune your listings now.
Our experts have many articles that I fee you will find helpful in increasing sales. Understanding What Shoppers Want Online, gives some great tips on how to tailor your item listings to make your product more appealing to a browsing buyer. Make sure your prices are competitive with other similar listings, you don't want to be the highest, or the lowest price on an identical item. This article explains in details the importance of competitive pricing, What Your Prices Say About Your Small Business.
There are numerous expert articles you can browse, as well as our discussion boards. Feel free to start a discussion or ask questions along the way.
We look forward to hearing more about you, and the items you are selling!
I will say that once you have your products on Amazon..maybe offering a discount first? and also encouraging the people who buy your products for a review well because the power of customer-reviews is quite huge, 88% of consumers now say that they trust online reviews as much as personal recommendations.
Hi. We have a small farm overseas. We were considering selling spices on Amazon. However we do not know how to find out if we need licenses or anything because it is a food prodcut.
Hi mheiberg! Welcome to our community! You might want to start a separate discussion for your question since you are specifically interested in selling spices. There are probably some regulations regarding edible items and importing foods from overseas that some of our community members might be familiar with. Additionally, I'd suggest looking at the amazon.com site itself for their specific rules regarding your items. You can find that information on the amazon.com site under the "Selling on Amazon" section.
Please keep us informed on what you find out!
There is lot of things to do to improve your shop on Amazon. But the key to success on Amazon is to sell the right products. If you set up a store before knowing what you are going to sell then you are setting yourself up for failure.
I recommend you to find a niche market and trending products. You can check the trends with Amazon, check the "best seller" "the most wished" and "the most gifted" of a category. You can also use Google Trends.
The best place to find suppliers is Alibaba and Aliexpress. Alibaba is a chinese B2B e-commerce platform, Aliexpress is a chinese B2C e-commerce platform. You should also try to contact wholesalers from your country. Don't be scared to negotiate the price with them.
I also recommend you to make your own website or your own blog, it will generate traffic for you Amazon shop. Talk about your products, make videos, etc. google love pictures and videos. If your products are on the first page of google then you'll increase your sales.
Hi again, keithsea! It's been awhile since your initial post, and you've received a lot of helpful advice in this thread. Have you started selling on Amazon yet? Let us know what you're thinking of selling, and our great community members are sure to have some additional guidance for you.
Please let us know how things are going for you. Be sure to ask any additional questions you may have, and we'll try to assist!


text:
Total Base Number (TBN) is a measurement of basicity that is expressed in terms of the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of oil sample (mg KOH/g). TBN is an important measurement in petroleum products, and the value varies depending on its application. TBN generally ranges from 6–8 mg KOH/g in modern lubricants, 7–10 mg KOH/g for general internal combustion engine use and 10–15 mg KOH/g for diesel engine operations.  TBN is typically higher for marine grade lubricants, approximately 15-80 mg KOH/g, as the higher TBN values are designed to increase the operating period under harsh operating conditions, before the lubricant requires replacement.

Oil Additives

An oil formulation consists of the base or stock oil and oil additives. Most oil formulations contain basic additives and detergents, designed to react with and neutralise acids, preventing damage to engine parts, including corrosion of metal surfaces.

Potentiometric determination
Although IP Standard test methods exist, the more common methods for TBN are ASTM standardised, such as the potentiometric titration for fresh oils (Test method TBN ASTM D2896). A sample is typically dissolved in a pre-mixed solvent of chlorobenzene and acetic acid and titrated with standardised perchloric acid in glacial acetic acid for fresh oil samples. The end point is detected using a glass electrode which is immersed in an aqueous solution containing the sample, and connected to a voltmeter/potentiometer. This causes an ion exchange in the outer solvated layer at the glass membrane, so a change in potential is generated which can be measured by the electrode. When the end point of the chemical reaction is reached, which is shown by an inflection point on the titration curve using a specified detection system, the amount of titrant required is used to generate a result which is reported in milligrams of potassium hydroxide equivalent per gram of sample (mg of KOH/g). Potentiometric titration for used oils (Test method TBN ASTM D4739): a sample is dissolved in a solvent mixture of Toluene/ Propan-2-ol /Chloroform with 0.5% deionised water and then titrated with standardised alcoholic hydrochloric acid. The detection system is equivalent to the fresh oil method. The used oil method uses a less polar solvent and weaker titrant, which will not dissolve the wear metals produced during operation, hence it is more suitable to analyse used oils.

Photometric determination
A colour-indicator titration, for example using test method ASTM D 974, can be carried out to indicate relative changes that occur in an oil sample during its use under oxidising conditions. A sample is dissolved in a solvent mixture of Toluene/ Propan-2-ol with 0.5% deionised water.  A methyl orange indicator is added and the solution is titrated using alcoholic potassium hydroxide. The end point is indicated by a colour change from orange to green.

Thermometric determination
In thermometric titrations, a constant addition rate of titrant equates to a constant amount of heat being given out or consumed, and hence a more or less constant temperature change up to the endpoint. In a titration, the titrant reacts with the analyte in the sample either exothermically or endothermically. The thermoprobe measures the temperature of the titrating solution. When all of the analyte in the sample has reacted with the titrant, the temperature of the solution will change, and the endpoint of the titration is revealed by an inflection in the temperature curve.

An appropriate aliquot of the sample is pipetted directly into the titration vessel, and isobutyl vinyl ether and toluene solvent are added. The solution is then titrated with trifluoro methane sulfonic acid (TFMSA) to a single thermometric endpoint.

Conductometric determination
A conductometric titration method can also be used for the determination of the base number of petroleum products. A conductivity sensor is used to measure the conductivity of the analyte which allows the endpoint to be detected. It is suitable for both new and used products having base numbers from 1 mg to 40 mg KOH/g. A sample is dissolved in a solvent mixture of Toluene/ Propan-2-ol with 0.5% deionised water.  A conductivity cell is placed in the titration vessel. The sample solution is titrated with alcoholic hydrochloric acid.

Spectroscopic determination

Mid-FTIR spectroscopy can be used to rapidly and quantitatively determine the TBN of hydrocarbon lubricating oils by spectroscopically measuring the carboxylate (COO-) functional group of the salt produced when trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) reacts with basic constituents present in an oil sample.

See also
 Total acid number

References

External links
 Oil Analysis

Analytical chemistry
Motor oils