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Q: CPU running at full capacity when boot to DOS? Does the CPU is run at 100% or near full capacity when the computer is booted into MS-DOS? Will the CPU temperature become higher even though we are not running any program in DOS mode?
In Windows, we can see the CPU usage in % of utilization in Task Manager. From what I heard, CPU is running at near 100% capacity in DOS OS or in the BIOS MAIN screen.
Is this caused by lack of CPU optimization in DOS OS?

A: DOS (at least any MS-DOS) doesn't idle the CPU with the x86 HLT instruction like most modern operating systems when it is not doing anything.
Not sure of the specific MS-DOS function that waits for a keypress, but that would probably be where the the CPU is effectively "spinlocking" in a loop when it is doing nothing, under MS-DOS.  It is still fetching instructions and running, just not being productive.
Looks like newer versions of FreeDOS will do this, though.
You may find this helpful.

A: CPU is always running at 100% capacity if it's running at all. In some cases it may be shut down to save power.
Modern operating systems have things like task schedulers which rotate programs which are executing on the CPU so some percent of the time CPU may not be doing any productive work (for example executing NOPs, jumping in place or whatever the system idle process does). So what task manager shows when showing you the CPU load is actually the percentage of time during which the system idle process is not executing. That is completely normal because some processes simply have no need for extra CPU time as they could be waiting for something else.
On older operating systems, like various versions of DOS, there is only one process running at a time and we don't have "task manager" because there's no need for it since you can run only one program at a time*. Even when you think that you're not running any program, you're running OS shell which is actually taking up all CPU resources available. In practice this does not lead to higher CPU temperatures. To put it simply different instructions use different parts of the CPU and instructions used for waiting for input don't heat up the CPU much.
As for lack of optimization, well that's a really big topic which mainly depends of what you consider as optimal. As I said, the CPU is always under load and it can't work on say 50% power (if you for example lower the frequency, it's still running at 100% but now each instruction takes longer). In some cases it is a requirement for computer to focus only on one single program and in that case if your CPU is executing something else, it's wasting time. If you want illusion of having 50 different programs running at the same time, then  you cold say that the CPU usage is suboptimal. Do keep in mind that the task switching itself which happens in modern operating systems is taking some CPU resources and back when DOS was new, you simply didn't have enough resources for multiple programs (and the task scheduler) to be running on a home computer at the same time.
*Yes, there were things like terminate and stay resident programs, but they weren't real multi-program experience. Of course there are thing like interrupt handlers which change what is executing on the CPU, but since they don't have their own stack, I wouldn't call them real processes.

A: You are correct; in DOS (and in fact during the POST/BIOS), the CPU load is 100%.
This is because back when DOS was first written (as well as the old BIOS code on which later versions were based on) CPUs were not nearly as vulnerable to overheating as they are today. In the "old days", a 100MHz CPU would produce very little heat and often did not need more than a simple fan to keep it cool. (Older ones like 66MHz CPUs often did fine with just a heat-sink, and even older ones like 20MHz had nothing at all!)
Because of this, much old software did not bother idling the CPU with the HLT instruction during loops (which are the heart of any sort of useful program). DOS itself is no different. When you see the DOS prompt, it is sitting there in what basically amounts to a while loop like this:
while (!done) {
  getkey();
  process();
}

This is not much different than an infinite loop like while(1); which instantly drives the CPU load to 100% and heats it up.
(This is why I try to spend as little time in the POST/BIOS/DOS as possible on my "modern" system, or at least I make sure that the fan is spinning at 100% before I do.)
Fortunately, there are some options, including one from Microsoft themselves. With the advent of virtual-machines, there was a renewed interest in DOS and this issue was noticed. One solution was provided by Microsoft in the form of idle.com which they packaged with Virtual PC. Another solution, dosidle.exe, comes from a VMWare-oriented page.
Basically what these programs do is to load a TSR that injects HLT instructions, thus causing the CPU to do nothing and cool down. Some are simple while others have extra options.
If you connect your system to a power-meter like the Kill-a-Watt, you can observe this numerically as the system will draw significantly more power while in the BIOS editor or DOS, paused POST, or even the OS boot-menu. However, when a power-aware OS loads, the power usage drops (in fact, even running idle.com in DOS will drop it to the same amount). The specific difference will vary, but 30-50W is not uncommon.
Another way you can see this in action is with a virtual machine. If you pause the VM at the POST or enter the BIOS configuration tool, you will see the CPU load on the host being high (100% on a single-core processor, 50% on a dual-core/threaded, etc.) If you boot into DOS in the VM, the host's CPU load remains high until you execute idle.com, at which point, it drops to ~0%. It also drops when you boot the guest into Windows or other modern OS.

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ISPUB.com / IJANP/9/2/5085
Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Case Study
C Bachuss
advanced practice nurse, glioblastoma multiforme
C Bachuss. Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Case Study. The Internet Journal of Advanced Nursing Practice. 2007 Volume 9 Number 2.
A 65-year-old Caucasian woman with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) presented to the outpatient neuro-oncology clinic. This article describes the evidence-based chemotherapy, referrals, and symptom management provided for this patient by the advanced practice nurse.
This case report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the Doctor of Nursing Practice degree at Columbia University School of Nursing.
Advanced practice nurses (APNs) may be responsible for the initiation of chemotherapy and referral for radiation therapy for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). APNs may also be responsible for managing the symptoms created by the disease and its treatment. This case study describes the management by an APN of a newly diagnosed GBM. The encounter with the patient occurred in the outpatient neuro-oncology clinic of a medical center in a large metropolitan area.
History of Present Illness
SE was a 65-year-old left-handed Caucasian woman with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and thyroid tumor who began having problems about 6 weeks before becoming a new patient in the neuro-oncology clinic. The patient first became fatigued and short-tempered, and later developed weakness in the left extremities and slurred speech. The family was alarmed by the weakness and speech problems, so they brought the patient to the local emergency department. MRI of the brain with and without contrast showed a right fronto-parietal lesion that enhanced with contrast, and edema (Figure 1). The following day, she was transferred to the care of a neurosurgeon at a medical center. Later that day a stereotactic-guided right fronto-parietal craniotomy with radical subtotal resection of the lesion was performed. The patient was started on phenytoin (Dilantin® ) for seizure prophylaxis, but developed a rash. The medication was therefore switched to levetiracetam (Keppra® ), but she also had a reaction to this medication. She was therefore placed on valproic acid (Depakote® ). The patient was in rehabilitation for 3 weeks after surgery; the left-sided weakness improved, and she was able to ambulate without assistance. Pathology identified the tumor as a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The neurosurgeon referred the patient to the neuro-oncology service for further recommendations regarding treatment of GBM. The patient continued to have fatigue, weakness in the left extremities, and trouble walking. The dysarthria and irritability had resolved. She denied headaches, hearing loss, tinnitus, visual disturbance, dysphagia, dizziness, vertigo, tingling, numbness, loss of consciousness, memory loss, and sleep disturbance.
Figure 1: Pre-operation MRI of the brain
Image used with permission
Past Medical History
History of COPD, hypercholesterolemia, thyroid tumor (benign), diverticulosis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), depression, and complex partial seizures
Surgical History
Significant for partial thyroidectomy, cholecystectomy, and left carpal tunnel release
Valproic acid (Depakote® ) 500 mg oral in the morning, 500 mg oral in the afternoon, and 1000 mg oral at bedtime
Dexamethasone (Decadron® ) 2 mg oral twice daily
Citalopram (Celexa® ) 20 mg oral each day
Rabepraxole (Aciphex® ) 150 mg oral each day
Fluvastatin extended-release (Lescol XL® ) 80 mg oral each day
Fluticasone 250 mcg/salmeterol 50 mcg inhaler (Advair Diskus® ), 1 inhalation every 12 hours
Phenytoin (Dilantin® )—rash
Levetiracetam (Keppra® )—rash
Penicillin—rash
Family participated in care. Patient lived with one of her five children
Sister had lung cancer. No other family history of cancer and no history of diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, or stroke
Height 63 inches, weight 216 pounds, body mass index 38.3, blood pressure 122/69, temperature 97.2° F, pulse 86, respirations 14, oxygen saturation on room air 98%. Significant findings were left hemiparesis, and gait disturbance with circumduction of the left lower extremity during ambulation
Studies Reviewed
Neutrophilia secondary to glucocorticoid therapy; valproic acid level in therapeutic range
Table 1 : Laboratory values
Table 2: Laboratory values
Post-operative MRI of the brain with and without contrast showed evidence of interval surgical resection of a right fronto-parietal lesion with a small area of residual contrast enhancement in the surgical bed (Figure 2)
Figure 2: Post-operation MRI of the brain
The case was reviewed with the brain tumor board, which consisted of neuro-radiologists, neuro-pathologists, neurosurgeons, radiation oncologists, neuro-oncologists, and neuro-oncology APNs. The plan of care was presented, and the board concurred with the plan.
The prevalence of primary central nervous system tumors is 130.8 per 100,000. Of these tumors, 20.3% are glioblastoma. The incidence of GBM increases with age, with the median age at diagnosis of 64. The tumor is 1.6 times more common in males than females, and is 2.0 times more common in Caucasians than in those of African descent. The 1-year and 2-year relative survival rates for GBM are 29.3 and 8.7 respectively, with less than 4% of those diagnosed with GBM surviving more than 5 years. 2
Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (Temodar® ) for newly diagnosed glioblastoma, when compared to radiotherapy alone, resulted in a 2.5 month increase in median survival, and a 16.1% increase in the 2-year survival rate. 3 Temozolomide (Temodar® ) is an alkylating agent available as oral capsules. The medication alkylates DNA bases, producing cross-links in tumor cell DNA. The cross-links cause breaks in DNA strands, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell death. 4,5 Temozolomide (Temodar® ) is dosed at 75 mg/m 2 /day, started the night before the first radiation treatment, and given for 42 consecutive days. Following the completion of radiation therapy and 42 days of temozolomide (Temodar® ), there is a 4 week break from treatment. Temozolomide (Temodar® ) is increased to 150 mg/m 2 /day, and given for 5 days every 28 days. If the absolute neutrophil count remains greater than or equal to 1500 per micro-liter and the platelets greater than or equal to 100,000 per micro-liter, the dose of temozolomide (Temodar® ) is increased to 200 mg/m 2 /day. 3
The potential adverse effects of temozolomide (Temodar® ) include myelosuppression, gastrointestinal toxicity, and opportunistic infection. In a phase II trial of temozolomide (Temodar® ), myelosuppression was the major toxicity with 88% of subjects experiencing lymphopenia. 6 Nearly all cases of lymphopenia were asymptomatic. Thrombocytopenia and neutropenia were other common adverse effects of temozolomide (Temodar® ). Thrombocytopenia occurred in 47% of subjects and neutropenia in 18%. 6 Alkylating agents tend to have greater effect on rapidly dividing cells. The activity of myelocytes may make them a target of temozolomide's (Temodar® ) DNA cross-linking, interfering with the production of lymphocytes, neutrophils and platelets. 4,5
Elevations in alanine transaminase (ALT) occurred in 47% of subjects, and elevations in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) occurred in 26%. Elevations in liver enzymes were usually mild. A grade 1 hypocalcemia occurred in 5% of subjects, and grade 1 hypercalcemia in 2%. All electrolyte abnormalities were mild. The mechanism(s) of temozolomide's (Temodar® ) hepatic and electrolyte effects is unclear. 6
In a phase II trial of temozolomide (Temodar® ), laboratory values were obtained on day 22 of 28 day cycles. 6 Hepatic function panels and basic metabolic panels may be obtained every 4 weeks. However, the APN may obtain complete blood counts more frequently than once every 4 weeks to assess for trends in absolute neutrophil and platelet counts that may require intervention. 7
In a phase II trial of temozolomide (Temodar® ), ondansetron (Zofran® ) was used for emetic prophylaxis. Nausea and vomiting were still the most common gastrointestinal toxicities, with nausea occurring in 60% of subjects, and vomiting occurring in 59%. 6 In a trial comparing the effects of radiotherapy in the treatment of GBM to treatment with radiotherapy plus temozolomide (Temodar® ), metoclopramide (Reglan® ) or a 5-HT3 serotonin receptor antagonist was given for emetic prophylaxis. No data were provided regarding the effectiveness of metoclopramide (Reglan® ) and 5-HT3 serotonin receptor antagonists at preventing nausea and vomiting. 3
Metoclopromide (Reglan® ), a dopamine antagonist, and phenothiazines like promethazine (Phenergan® ) and prochlorperazine (Compazine® ), may cause severe extrapyramidal side effects, hypotension, and sedation. 8 5-HT3 serotonin receptor antagonists are less likely to cause significant adverse effects than older anti-emetics, and are more effective for moderate and highly emetic chemotherapies. 9,10 Ondansetron (Zofran® ) 8 mg po, granisetron (Kytril® ) 1 mg orally, or dolasetron (Anzemet® ) 100 mg orally may be given 30 minutes before temozolomide to prevent chemotherapy-related nausea. 10,11,12,13
Temozolomide (Temodar® ) has also been associated with the opportunistic infection Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP). 14,15 Lymphocytopenia is the mechanism for the development of PCP. 16 The APN should consider prescribing PCP prophylaxis for the patient on temozolomide (Temodar® ). 7 Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim double strength (Bactrim DS® ), 1 tablet orally three times a week can prevent PCP. 3,17,18
Radiation therapy may cause headache, vomiting, cerebral edema, hydrocephalus, necrosis, increased intracranial pressure, demyelination, dementia, gait ataxia, focal neurological signs, seizures, dementia, incontinence, brain atrophy, alopecia, and leukoencephalopathy. Corticosteroids can help mitigate the adverse effects of radiation therapy by reducing cerebral edema and decreasing intracranial pressure. 4 However, these medications can also irritate the gastrointestinal tract causing ulceration and hemorrhage. 19 Most patients receiving corticosteroids therefore require gastrointestinal protection with a histamine (H2) blocker or proton pump inhibitor. 20
Craniotomy patients often receive seizure prophylaxis after surgery. The risk of seizures post-craniotomy, however, is low. 21 In children, the long-term use of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) for post-surgery seizure prophylaxis is not indicated, and may be discontinued a month after surgery. 22 The overall seizure rate for post-craniotomy patients restricted to 3 post-op days of an AED was 5.4% over 2.4 years. 23 The incidence of AED side effects warranting discontinuation of the drug in the post-craniotomy patient population is 12.9%. 24 AEDs may cause toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) or Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS). For patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin® ), cranial radiation increases the risk of TEN/SJS. The reasons for the increase in risk are unclear. 25 Though AEDs do not interact with temozolomide (Temodar® ), phenytoin (Dilantin® ) and valproic acid (Depakote® ) may interact with other chemotherapeutic agents. 20,27 When an old AED is used for seizure prophylaxis in craniotomy patients, the risk of an adverse reaction may be greater than the risk of seizure. 24 Radiation therapy, however, may disturb neuron function and increase risk of seizures. 4 Many patients having craniotomy are put on a newer AED for seizure prophylaxis. Monotherapy with levetiracetam (Keppra® ) is commonly used for patients who will be receiving cranial radiation and chemotherapy. 20 The best way to taper and discontinue an AED, however, is a matter of controversy. A systematic review of the literature found no reliable evidence regarding the optimal method for withdrawal of an AED. 26 The APN may choose to continue an AED during radiation therapy and for those patients with no history of seizures, gradually withdraw the AED following the completion of radiation therapy.
Patient education is another APN responsibility, and must include a detailed description of the risks and benefits of radiation therapy, chemotherapy and other treatment-related medications. The APN also educates patients and their families regarding available support services (e.g., home health and support groups) and, if necessary, makes referrals for psychotherapy and alternative treatments. .
GBM is the most common malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system, and carries a grim prognosis. Surgical resection, followed by radiation therapy with concomitant and then adjuvant temozolomide (Temodar® ) for those with GBM increases median survival by 2.5 months. 3 The APN may be responsible for prescribing temozolomide (Temodar® ), monitoring its effects and the effects of radiation therapy, and managing symptoms. 5-HT3 serotonin receptor antagonists are effective for chemotherapy-related nausea, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim double strength (Bactrim DS® ) is effective for preventing PCP, and corticosteroids help minimize the adverse effects of radiation therapy. Older AEDs carry a greater risk of adverse effects. The APN may prescribe a newer AED for monotherapy during cranial radiation, and in patients with no history of seizures gradually taper and discontinue the AED following radiation therapy. APNs also are an integral part of the health care team and are well prepared to provide psychosocial support for patients and their families, to provide education, and to make appropriate referrals.
Correspondence to
1605 Brentwood Terrace Nashville, TN 37211 Tel: 270-331-0816 Fax: 646-607-2756 cab2164@mac.com
1. Dale, D.C., Fauci, A.S., Guerry, D., Wolff, S.M. Comparison of agents producing a neutrophilic leukocytosis in man. J Clin Invest 1975; 56: 808-13.
2. Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States. 2005-2006 statistical report tables. [online] 2008. Available at: http://www.cbtrus.org/reports//2005-2006/2006report.pdf
3. Stupp, R., Mason, W.P., Van Den Bent, M.J., Weller, M., Fisher, B., Taphoorn, M.J.B, Belanger, K., Brandes, A.A., Marosi, C., Bogdahn, U., Curschmann, J., Janzer, R.C., Ludwin, S.K.,Gorlia, T., Allgeier, A., Lacombe, D., Cairncross, J.G., Eisenhauer, E., Mirimanoff, R.O. Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma. NEJM 2005; 352: 987-96.
4. DeAngelis, L.M., Gutin, P.H., Leibel, S.A., Posner, J.B. Intracranial tumors: Diagnosis and treatment. London: Martin Dunitz; 2002.
5. Colvin, M. Alkylating Agents and Platinum Antitumor Compounds. In: Kufe, D.W., Bast, R.C., Hait, W.N., Hong, W.K., Pollock, R.E., Weichselbaum, R.R., Holland, J.F., Frei, E., editors. Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine. Hamilton, Ontario: B.C. Becker; 2006.
6. Bower, M., Newlands, E.S., Bleehen, N.M., Brada, M., Begent, R.J.H., Calvert, H., Colquhoun, I., Lewis, P., Brampton, M.H. Multicentre CRC phase II trial of temozolomide in recurrent or progressive high-grade glioma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1997; 40: 484-8.
7. Mason, W.P., Maestro, R.D., Eisenstat, D., Forsyth, P., Fulton, D., Laperrière, N., Macdonald, D., Perry J., Thiessen, B.; for the Canadian GBM Recommendations Committee. Canadian recommendations for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. Curr Oncol 2007; 14: 110-7.
8. American Society of Health-System Specialists. AHFS Drug Information. In: McEvoy, G.K., Snow, E.K., editors. AHFS Drug Information 2008. Available at: http://online.statref.com/Document/Document.aspx?FxId=1&StartDoc=627&EndDoc=627&Level=5&Offset=44&State=False&SessionId=C0F46DEKCKTZLPJL
9. Anderson, L.A. Drug class overviews: Antiemetics. Clinical Pharmacology. Available at: http://www.clinicalpharmacology-ip.com/Forms/Resources/overviews.aspx?oid=7
10. Kris, M.G., Hesketh, P.J, Somerfield, M.R., Feyer, P., Clark-Snow, R., Koeller, J.M., Morrow, G.R., Chinnery, L.W., Chesney, M.J., Gralla, R.J., Grunberg, S.M. American Society of Clinical Oncology guideline for antiemetics in oncology: Update 2006. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 2932-47.
11. Ondansetron. Micromedex. [online] 2008. Available at: http://www.thomsonhc.com/hcs/librarian/ND_T/HCS/ND_PR/Main/CS/C0189E/DUPLICATIONSHIELDSYNC/626790/ND_PG/PRIH/ND_B/HCS/SBK/2/ND_P/Main/PFPUI/7M129692mHTbeQ/PFActionId/hcs.common.RetrieveDocumentCommon/DocId/924978/ContentSetId/100/SearchTerm/ondansetron%20/SearchOption/BeginWith
12. Bleiberg HH, Spielmann M, Falkson G, Romain, D. Antiemetic treatment with oral granisetron in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy: a dose ranging study. Clin Therapeut 1995; 17: 38-50.
13. Rubenstein EB, Gralla RJ, & Hainsworth JD: Randomized, double-blind, dose-response trial across four oral doses of dolasetron for the prevention of acute emesis after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Cancer 1997; 79: 1216-24.
14. Maldonado, F., Limper, A.H., Lim, K.G., Aubry, M.C. Temozolomide-associated organizing pneumonitis. Mayo Clin Proc 2007; 82: 771-3.
15. Abrey, L.E., Olson, J.D., Raizer, J.J., Mack, M., Rodavitch, A., Boutros, D.Y., Malkin, M.G. A phase II trial of temozolomide for patients with recurrent or progressive brain metastases. J Neurooncol 2001; 53: 259-65.
16. Brandes, A.A., Tosoni, A., Cavallo, G., Bertorelle, R., Gioia, V., Franceschi, E, Biscuola, M., Blatt, V., Crino, L., Emani, M. Temozolomide 3 weeks on and 1 week off as first- line therapy for recurrent glioblastoma: Phase II study from gruppo italiano cooperativo di neuro-oncologia (GICNO). Br J Cancer 2006; 95: 1155-60.
17. Ioannidis, J.P., Cappelleri, J.C., Skolnik, P.R., Lau, J., Sacks, H.S. A meta-analysis of the relative efficacy and toxicity of Pneumocystis carinii prophylactic regimens. Arch Intern Med 1996; 156: 177-88.
18. El-Sadr, W.M., Luskin-Hawk, R., Yurik, T.M., Walker, J., Abrams, D., John, S.L., Sherer, R., Crane, L., Labriola, A., Caras, S., Pulling, C., Hafner, R. A randomized trial of daily and thrice-weekly trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 29: 775-83.
19. Dexamethasone. Micromedex. [online] 2008. Available at: http://www.thomsonhc.com/hcs/librarian/ND_PR/Main/SBK/11/PFPUI/Gv1exME2eYtci r/ND_PG/PRIH/CS/DF7994/ND_T/HCS/ND_P/Main/DUPLICATIONSHIELDSYNC/B 40D1C/ND_B/HCS/PFActionId/hcs.common.RetrieveDocumentCommon/DocId/171860 /ContentSetId/100/SearchTerm/dexamethasone%20/SearchOption/BeginWith
20. Wen, P.Y., Schiff, D. Kesari, S., Drappatz, J., Gigas, D.C., Doherty, L. Medical management of patients with brain tumors. J Neurooncol 2006 80: 313-32.
21. O'Laoire, S.A. Epilepsy following neurosurgical intervention. Acta Neurochir 1990; 50: 52-4.
22. Wang, E.C., Geyer, J.R., Berger, M.S. Incidence of postoperative epilepsy in children following subfrontal craniotomy for tumor. Pediatr Neurosurg 1994; 21: 172-3.
23. Baker, C.J., Prestigiacomo, C.J., Solomon, R.A. Short-term perioperative anticonvulsant prophylaxis for the surgical treatment of low-risk patients with intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurgery 1995; 37: 870-1.
24. Hayashi, T., Hadeishi, H., Kawamura, S., Nonoyama, Y., Suzuki, A., Yasui, N. Postoperative anticonvulsant prophylaxis for patients treated for cerebral aneurysms. Neurol Med Chir 1999; 39: 828-33.
25. Aguiar, D., Pazo, R., Duran, I., Terrasa, J., Arrivi, A., Manzano, H., Martin, J., Rifa, J. Toxic epidermal necrolysis in patients receiving anticonvulsants and cranial irradiation: a risk to consider. J Neuro oncol 2004; 66: 345-50.
26. Ranganathan LN, Ramaratnam S. Rapid versus slow withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006.
27. Temozolomide. Micromedex. [online] 2008. Available at: http://www.thomsonhc.com/hcs/librarian/ND_T/HCS/ND_PR/Main/CS/2AF8A5/DUPLICATIONSHIELDSYNC/9A201F/ND_PG/PRIH/ND_B/HCS/SBK/2/ND_P/Main/PFPUI/XEPL5k2mMEyTC/PFActionId/hcs.common.RetrieveDocumentCommon/DocId/0419/ContentSetId/31#secN10BBE
Christopher A. Bachuss, DNP(c), MSN, RN, FNP-BC
Assistant Clinical Professor of Nursing, Columbia University

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GreekReporter.comAustraliaAustralian PM Scott Morrison Sends Message to Greek Australians for March 25th
Australian PM Scott Morrison Sends Message to Greek Australians for March 25th
By Philip Chrysopoulos
Prime Minister of Australia Scott Morrison sent a message to Greek Australians on the occasion of March 25th, Greece's Independence Day.
The complete message by the Australian PM:
"I am pleased to send my best wishes to everyone celebrating Greek Independence Day, a significant occasion commemorating the historic events of 1821 and the patriotism and pride that unites Hellenic communities around the world today.
Home to one of the largest Greek populations outside of Greece, Australia is blessed to be part of these celebrations. As a community we acknowledge the courage and sacrifice of those who fought for independence, and celebrate the flourishing culture and achievements of Greece.
Events like Greek Independence Day are an important part of our nation's multicultural character, enabling the Greek Australian community to share its rich history and traditions with the broader community.
As a nation, we are fortunate to live in a nation of peace and goodwill, where people from around the globe, and from all walks of life, live together in remarkable harmony. Our cohesion and resilience comes from our respect for diversity, and a strong belief that no one should have to forget where they have come from.
As the 'Father of Federation', Sir Henry Parkes, expressed more than a century ago, it is "all the fruits of the culture of the world" that give our nation strength.
I thank all the organisers and attendees of this year's Greek Independence Day for your commitment to these ideals. You certainly have every reason to celebrate—may you do so with pride and passion."
The Hon Scott Morrison MP,
Prime Minister of Australia
Greek Australian
Greek Independence Day
Museum to Host Part of 300,000 Antiquities of Thessaloniki
Russia on Relations With Greece: "We Used to Be Friends"
Mystery Over Ancient Hand Imprint Discovered in Israel


text:
KB Recruitment
On taking space at Greenway Business Centre, Harlow
If ever there exists an example of a start-up company with confidence, integrity, and that doesn't like to hang around, KB Recruitment Ltd is it.
Co-founder and Partner Brian May set up the recruitment company just 8 days ago, having made the decision over the weekend of 25th September to "do it ourselves". On Thursday 30th September, he called officebroker.com to enquire about office space in Harlow, and went out to view a property at lunchtime.
The very next day, Brian had signed the paperwork, picked up the keys and moved in.
"We are still designing our logo and website," said Brian, just days after signing for his new office at Harlow Business Park. "Our fledgling company has been formed for 8 days, and we have been busy kitting out our lovely new office."
Explaining the story behind the creation of KB Recruitment, Brian says that the company was born out of a search for "the right opportunity", which he and Joannie had been working on for some time.
"We seem to have been thwarted at every turn, the latest disappointment coming almost two weeks ago with a promise not being honoured!" he said. "So over the weekend of 25th September we decided to do it for ourselves, and with the ethics, integrity and vision we have this has to be the right way to go."
Commenting on their new office, Brian said that the location and friendly welcome were the best things about the property. During the tour, Brian met another tenant who was very complimentary of the office, which he said "boded well".
officebroker.com's account manager for the region, Marcus Shelton, recommended the office following Brian's initial enquiry. Having helped him to organise the tour, Marcus was then pleasantly surprised to learn that Brian liked the office so much he had decided to take it - and move in the next day.
KB Recruitment is now settled in and - in typical fashion - busy moving forward with their new venture.
"A lot of hours went in over the weekend and I was surprised how busy the estate was - even on a Sunday!" commented Brian. "But even with all that going on we have managed to secure placements for 3 recruits, how good is that?"
Added October 2010


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Category: Ankylosing spondylitis
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Q: Prove : If $I = (p(x))$ is a prime ideal in $F[x]$ then $p(x)$ is irreducible. I have to show :
If $I = (p(x))$ is a prime ideal in $F[x]$, where F is a field, then $p(x)$ is irreducible.
In the book I use, there is the proof of the converse which uses Euclid's Lemma.
I tried to suppose $I=(p(x))$ is an ideal, then every polynomial in I is divisible by $p(x)$. Then for $a(x)b(x) \in F[x]$ we have  $a(x)b(x)=p(x)q(x)$ for $q(x) \in F[x]$ with $\delta a<\delta p$ and $\delta b<\delta p$.
From there, I don't see how to deduce $p(x)$ is irreducible ie there is no factorisation over F $p(x)=c(x)d(x) \in F[x]$ with $\delta c < \delta p$ and $\delta d < \delta p$
We could express $p(x)$ in function of $a(x),b(x)$ and $g(x)$ but it does not help.
Any hints ? :)
Thanks

A: Suppose $p(x)=c(x)d(x)$, i.e. $p(x)$ is reducible.  Since $c(x)d(x)=p(x)\in(p(x))$, either $c(x)\in(p(x))$ or $d(x)\in(p(x))$.  Without loss the former, so $p(x)|c(x)$, and also $c(x)|p(x)$.  Hence $c,p$ are associates, so $d$ is a unit, which contradicts the reducibility assumption.

A: Another way could be to observe the following facts:

*

*$I$ is prime iff $F[x]/I$ is a domain.

*If $p(x)$ is reducible it could be only a product of two coprime polynomials or the power of a single irreducible polynomials.

Then, using the CRT and some others results about quotients, you can find a contradiction looking at properties of the ring $F[x]/I$.

A: First:
In integral domains primes are irreducible.
Proof. let $D$ be and integral domain and $p\in D$ a prime element. Suppose that $$p=ab,$$ for some $a,b\in D$. Certainly, $p\mid ab$, so since $p$ is prime $p\mid a$ or $p\mid b$. Without lost of generality, assume $p \mid a$. Then $a=pc$, for some $c\in D$. So
\begin{align*} p&= pcb\\ 1&= cb,\end{align*}
The last step being justified because in integral domains cancellation is valid. Therefore, $b$ is a unit and $a$ it's an associate to $p$. we have proved that the only possible divisors of $p$ are units or associates to $p$, this says that $p$ is irreducible.

Back to your problem, $F$ is a field so $F[x]$ it's an integral domain, so it's enough to show that $p(x)$ is prime.
To this end, suppose $p(x)\mid f(x)g(x)$. This means that $f(x)g(x)\in I$ and since $I$ it's a prime ideal, this says that $f(x)\in I$ or $g(x)\in I$. In other words: $p(x)\mid f(x)$ or $p(x)\mid g(x)$. Therefore, $p(x)$ is prime.


Well it has been a whirlwind of a weekend. We had everything from sunny and 90 degrees to tornado warnings, rain and wind. Boy did we have wind!
We are still drying out and will get pictures up soon but we wanted to go ahead and post the scores.
We want to thank the ROs for their tireless work and keeping everyone safe. Also, thank you to Chuck, Ben, David S., David T. and Justin. Their constant hard work over many weekends made everything possible.
We are excited to bring you guys a fun, late season fall event, the 2017 ALABAMA PRECISION CHARITY CHALLENGE. It will be a great opportunity to gain some late season PRS points as well as a good time with friends.
WE HAVE A GREAT ANNOUCMENT FOR THOSE SHOOTING THE 2017 ALABAMA PRECISION RIFLE CHALLENGE: Accurate Ordnance, LLC - licensed FFL has stepped up big time as the title sponsor! In addition they have brought Manners Composite Stocks and Stiller Precision on board to round out the title sponsors for the match.
We are looking for 7-10 RO's for the March 18th Shooter's Challenge. You will be traveling and shooting with your squad. If you are interested email us at jim@alabamaprecision.com for more information.
First 2017 Shooter's Challenge Registration Opens Jan 18th!
Who's ready to kick off the Alabama Precision season with us? Join us our new facility March 18th for the first Shooter's Challenge. Registration begins January 18th at 12:00PM CST!
Guys, we are happy to announce the dates for the 2017 season. In addition to the dates we wanted to let everyone know we will be at a new facility for the foreseeable future. It will give us room to grow for years to come and allow us to keep the natural terrain environment. The property is located near Carbon Hill, Alabama which is North West of Birmingham.
We had a great crowd out today to wrap up the PTAC Shooter's Challenge at BGTC. After it was said and done Troy Lawton took home first, Phil Cashin second and Brent Keith third. Team MPA had a very strong showing. We want to thank all the new shooters who took the time to shoot with us today as well.
Thank you to everyone who came out to shoot with us today. We were able to skirt the heavy rain by a couple hours. A huge thank you goes out to all the ROs who took time out of their weekend to hang out with us.
Alabama Precision is happy to announce the Precision Tactical Shooter's Challenge presented by Alabama Precision. These will be one-day matches with a high emphasis on fun! Shooters will be encouraged to not only help each other, but also learn from fellow competitors.
Are you bored of shooting from a bench at 100 yards? Do you want to learn how to engage long range targets from unconventional positions? How about multiple target engagements at different distances and short time constraints? If you answer yes these questions, then this course from Pender Precision Rifles is for you.


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Thorough Preparation of the Audi Drivers for the Dakar Rally
November 8, 2022 /0 Comments/in News /by audi
Nothing can replace experience and kilometers
Good team spirit after debut season and ahead of second Dakar Rally
New rules and challenges for 2023
The 2023 Dakar Rally will start in just under eight weeks. Audi continues to rely on its strong line-up of Mattias Ekström/Emil Bergkvist, Stéphane Peterhansel/Edouard Boulanger and Carlos Sainz/Lucas Cruz. The six drivers and co-drivers are looking forward to the desert classic somewhat more relaxed and better prepared than a year ago, but also full of expectation and respect.
Every kilometer counts
At the Morocco Rally in October, the three Audi Sport driver crews had a perfect opportunity to return to competitive rhythm. Stéphane Peterhansel and Edouard Boulanger have reeled off by far the most kilometers this year. After the Dakar Rally in January, they contested the Abu Dhabi Desert Challenge together – and clinched the Audi RS Q e-tron's first victory there. Tests in Europe and Africa were followed by the Morocco Rally. Mattias Ekström saw an old experience confirmed there: "The processes are different in the race than in a test where you keep returning to your garage. In the desert, you're on your own. That helps." The most recent step came for the two Swedes at the Morocco Rally. "That's when it 'clicked' and we understood how those who make the roadbook think," reports Emil Bergkvist. "Since then, Mattias and I understand it better and rally driving is even more fun."
Grown team, good cohesion
Carlos Sainz with co-driver Lucas Cruz as well as Stéphane Peterhansel and Edouard Boulanger already know Team Q Motorsport from the time before Audi started the rally project. Sven Quandt's experienced squad has been contesting desert rallies for almost three decades, has won the Dakar Rally six times and many titles in cross country rallying. Together with Team Audi Sport, the squad from Trebur fields all three Audi RS Q e-tron cars. A good relationship in the cockpit of the three prototypes is a prerequisite for success. "My trust in my co-driver is great, together we won the Dakar Rally three times. We help each other," emphasizes Carlos Sainz, who is contesting the Dakar Rally together with Lucas Cruz for the eleventh time. His co-driver adds: "The communication with Carlos is really good. We have a strong partnership and there is a good spirit." Stéphane Peterhansel, a regular competitor since 1988 and 14-time winner of the Dakar, last won the classic in 2021 with co-driver Edouard Boulanger. Mattias Ekström, as a two-time DTM champion and rallycross world champion an equally experienced and successful motorsports man, meets his driver colleagues with both respect and humor. "I can only learn from both of them," says the Swede. "Carlos is extremely ambitious, emotional and full of energy. I learn everything else from Stéphane: He has just as much success, but is more composed, calmer and more strategic. They're the two coolest teammates of my career." His compatriot and co-driver Emil Bergkvist adds, "We learned a lot from Edouard and Lucas. They welcomed us with open arms. We asked them whatever we could. Without them, we would never have come this far."
Mastering technology
With the RS Q e-tron, Audi has realized an innovative concept in a very short time for the toughest motorsport discipline. Carlos Sainz, as a two-time World Rally Champion and three-time Dakar winner always a driver and technical perfectionist, praises his employer: "We told Audi: Don't underestimate the Dakar. And they didn't underestimate it. They trusted the direction in which we drivers wanted to develop the project. The success so far proves us right. It was the right approach by both parties." Audi Sport set its first milestones on this path: four stage victories at the Dakar Rally in January, overall victory at the Abu Dhabi Desert Challenge in March, and the second construction stage of the desert prototype in September. "The new car is a big step forward in terms of reliability," says Carlos Sainz. "But there are always surprises in our sport, including technical ones." So repairs remain something that is sometimes unavoidable in the tough sport of off-road rallying – starting with punctures and continuing with accident damage and possible defects. "When it comes to repairs, I get good support from Stéphane," says Edouard Boulanger. "He comes from motorcycle racing and knows how to use tools. As an engineer, I get a basic overview, but Stéphane helps me perfectly." But it's not just the two Frenchmen who know how to tackle the tasks. An in-depth technical training course at Audi Sport for all six drivers and co-drivers concludes the preparations in November.
Among the changes to the Dakar Rally for 2023 is a new mode on the stages: The previous neutralization zones with 15 to 20-minute breaks will now be eliminated. "Without these intermediate times on the road, we no longer know exactly where we stand compared to the competition," emphasizes Mattias Ekström. For Carlos Sainz it's déjà vu: "It's like a return to the old days, because this used to be normal. Basically, we can tell the pace of our direct opponents, who are three minutes ahead or behind us, by whether or not one car catches up with the other." Another challenge: The proportion of dune passages will increase significantly in 2023. "For me, driving in the dunes is easier," says Edouard Boulanger. "I don't have to give my driver as many directional indications. Navigation should also be easier. But on the other hand, the physical strain increases significantly because the car keeps bouncing in and out a lot." His driver is also looking forward to the sand mountains: "I like returning to the Empty Quarter, and for four days. It will be a very authentic Dakar." Carlos Sainz highlights another aspect. "The event has changed significantly over the past three years," observes the Spaniard. "Now the hidden waypoints are eliminated and we follow the compass direction more closely. The Empty Quarter will be difficult, but Lucas and I are prepared." Cruz advises, "In the dunes, however, the reference lines of other competitors are also missing. And it's not exactly easy to drive a straight line through chains of dunes as required by a given compass direction." No matter how tough the stages get, everyone agrees on one thing. "The temperatures are easy to handle with such a powerful air conditioning system as in the Audi RS Q e-tron," says Stéphane Peterhansel, speaking on behalf of his colleagues.
Well set-up towards the desert
At the Morocco Rally, the driver teams put the finishing touches to the efficient RS Q e-tron with its electric drive and energy converter. "The pedal box is now located more favorably, and the steering wheel is also now perfectly positioned," says Stéphane Peterhansel. Edouard Boulanger is also pleased: "The software logics are better, frequently used functions easier and quicker to reach." Fellow co-driver Lucas Cruz also gains a lot from his new workplace: "The changed seating position gives us a better overview and we can read the instruments more easily." Mattias Ekström, in turn, is impressed by his teammates' off-road know-how: "Carlos has worked out a first-class basic setup for the chassis. Since Stéphane implemented the final fine-tuning, the car gives me even more confidence. Everything was already perfect when cornering, and now the rear doesn't lift off so much in jumps either."
Personal preparation and expectations
"This year we are well prepared," admits Stéphane Peterhansel. "We should drive consistently and not start too slowly, because otherwise you'll be lagging behind. At the same time, I know what can happen in the Dakar. We have a competitive car, but also tough competition." Carlos Sainz agrees: "You have to respect every single day. I expect a tough Dakar with longer stages, more hours in the cockpit and lots of variety." Edouard Boulanger adds, "We remain cautious about the length of the stages. We have a limited energy supply with our innovative concept, and we have to pace ourselves." Lucas Cruz feels reminded of the times when the rally went through South America. "We do extra fitness exercises because of the hardness of the stages in the Empty Quarter," says the Spaniard. Emil Bergkvist starts the rally full of expectations, "It's amazing to be part of this team. If you want something, they get it done for you. That gives us a good feeling." His driver Mattias Ekström is putting an emphasis on personal preparation: "I can't drink so much during the day, but I mustn't lose weight. That's why I'm taking a scale with me this time to check my fluid balance. In the time leading up to the start of the rally, the rule is: eat sensibly, sleep, drink enough and do a healthy amount of sport. And once the rally starts, we try to match our pace with that of Stéphane. There are few motorsport disciplines where luck plays an even bigger role. We did everything we could. Audi fulfilled all our wishes and there's nothing left on Santa's list."
Tags: Audi RS Q e-tron E2, Carlos Sainz, Dakar, Dakar Rally, Edouard Boulanger, Emil Bergkvist, Lucas Cruz, Mattias Ekstrom, Stéphane Peterhansel
https://audiclubna.org/etron/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2022/11/Audi-RS-Q-e-tron-14.jpg 1000 1600 audi https://audiclubna.org/etron/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2018/09/e-tron3.png audi2022-11-08 20:36:432022-11-08 20:36:46Thorough Preparation of the Audi Drivers for the Dakar Rally
Mattias Ekström - Road to Dakar
High-Tech Control Center in the Desert: the Cockpit of the Audi RS Q e-tron for the Dakar Rally
Audi RS Q e-tron Being Put Through Its Paces Under the Spanish Sun
Ken Block Thrilled with the Audi RS Q e-tron
Team Audi Sport with Good Individual Results and Setbacks at the Dakar Rally
Audi RS Q e-tron E2: Lighter, More Aerodynamic and Even More Efficient
Morocco Rally: Audi Sport's Dress Rehearsal for the Dakar
Innovative For Sure: Audi Sets Safety Standards at the Dakar Rally
Newest Audi e-tron Models, the Q4 e-tron and Q4 Sportback e-tron, Receive IIHS... The New Audi Q8 e-tron: Improved Efficiency and Range, Refined Design


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SALEK Advertising LLC is a trusted and renowned advertising and printing solution provider, committed to providing impressive services in line with the latest technological trends. Through the years of constant change in the media, market demand, and drastic changes in technology, Salek was able to adapt and grow with the changing environment, into one of the most trusted names in the advertising and printing industry here in the United Arab Emirates. Salek has assisted in enhancing the corporate image and branding of some of the most elite corporate organizations here in the United Arab Emirates. Customer service, high-quality printing and state of the art technology are given utmost priority, at SALEK Advertising LLC.
If you would like to market your business more effectively with high quality graphic design, using the very best graphic designers then you have come to the right place. SALEK Advertising LLC is passionate about working together with clients to produce outstanding brand experiences as well as inspirational design. As a result of engaging closely and openly with our clients we know that we create the ideal and unique graphic design that does not simply communicate with customers but additionally engages audiences too.
Our graphic designers have got the expertise and experience to produce a strategic solution that delivers your message successfully with cost efficiently, all through your marketing and advertising activities. SALEK Advertising LLC helps our clients fulfill their goals by building partnerships and following their vision as well. We have a good solid proven track record of creating highly effective web design, graphic design, and solutions for clients both big and small, locally across the U.A.E.
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Today we reveal a list of South Tyneside's best and worst GP surgeries, based on ratings provided by patients.
The information is available on the NHS Choices website, and is based on responses provided in the GP Patient Survey for those surgeries in the South Tyneside areas.
Here is the list of the best and worst surgeries in South Tyneside. Ratings are based on the percentage of people who said they would recommend their GP surgery to others.


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Q: Image Slider - How to change the order of the images I am using a Fullscreen background image slider in my Wordpress theme.
Now the problem is that I do not have any control over the order on which the images are loaded. When I remove the images and upload them again(via wordpress), the order is different. When I upload them all at once, it orders them alphabetically. When I upload them one by one, the order is random.
As you can see in the slider settings below - Random is disabled
Here is the script that controls the slider:

I want to have some control over the order  - Anything but Random. How do I do that/What do I change in the script?
The theme that uses the slider - http://www.imaginemthemes.com/themes/?theme=RSW
Thank you!


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Q: C#, How to update common fields in models by using interface I have common field in all tables
public Guid UserId { get; set; }

How can I fill in this field without repeating the code?
I want to do it using the interface.

A: It would be better to create base class and inherit from it in each model class.
public class BaseModel
{
    public Guid UserId { get; set; }
}

public class Table : BaseModel
{

}

If you use an interface, you will still need to implement the property in every class.


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NBA: Bucks best Bulls behind Antetokounmpo's 33
Field Level Media/Reuters
That's 8 wins in a row over our neighbors to the south!!#FearTheDeer
— Milwaukee Bucks (@Bucks) November 19, 2019
Giannis Antetokounmpo scored 33 points and grabbed 10 rebounds, and the Milwaukee Bucks finished strong for a 115-101 win over the host Chicago Bulls on Monday night.
Top plays as the Bucks improve to 10-3!!#FearTheDeer pic.twitter.com/REd2lJbwXm
Brook Lopez had 19 points and 10 rebounds to go with five blocked shots for Milwaukee, which won its fourth game in a row. George Hill scored 18, and Donte DiVincenzo finished with 15.
Rookie Daniel Gafford amassed 21 points on 10-of-12 shooting for the Bulls. The second-round draft pick from Arkansas entered the game with zero points in four games off the bench.
Fellow Bulls rookie Coby White scored 13 points off the bench and made 3 of 6 attempts from 3-point range. Zach LaVine made only 4 of 16 shot attempts but finished with 11 points.
Milwaukee closed the game on a 17-2 run to wipe out a 99-98 deficit. Eric Bledsoe and Lopez each converted three-point plays during the final 5:04, which also included six points from Antetokounmpo.
The Bucks led 98-90 with 8:11 remaining when Chicago stormed back with a 9-0 run to grab a one-point lead with 6:23 to go. The outburst included three consecutive 3-pointers, with Ryan Arcidiacono knocking down the first one and White draining the next two.
Chicago trailed 84-81 entering the fourth quarter. The Bulls were down by nine points with 1:35 left in the third quarter after a layup by Antetokounmpo, but Chicago bounced back by scoring seven of the next eight points, including a late 3-pointer by White.
Milwaukee led 60-56 at the half after finishing the second quarter on a 12-2 run. A 3-pointer by Hill started the scoring binge, which also included a 3-pointer, a dunk and a jump shot by Antetokounmpo and another basket from Hill.
The Bucks built a 10-point lead in the first quarter, but Chicago scored the final six points of the session to close the gap to 29-26. Gafford (four points) and White (two points) accounted for all of the scoring during the run.
Chicago dropped to 2-5 at home. Milwaukee improved to 7-2 on the road.
Milwaukee Bucks, Giannis Antetokounmpo, Chicago Bulls, NBA
Read More: Milwaukee Bucks Giannis Antetokounmpo Chicago Bulls NBA


Regardless of the type, size,or complexity of the client group, the population in need of service is handled with the highest degree of professionalism. Problematic situations needing resolution are analyzed and addressed confidentially and in a timely manner.
Specialty Areas of Need Available Including; Spiritual Counseling, Domestic Violence, Substance Abuse, Childhood Behavioral Health, and more!
Check out our group session series on Parenting – Going On NOW!


PT KAI said that the company will operate Commuter Line to and from Jakarta Kota until midnight on New Year's Eve. The company hoped the late night Commuter Line services would persuade residents of Greater Jakarta to use trains instead of cars to minimize traffic congestion in several spot in Jakarta. The late night trains on New Year's Eve will serve people in suburban areas who want to celebrate downtown.


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Q: Dynamic Webservice with Json in grails I want to implement a dynamic webservice in grails, where the user can define the data that should come dynamically. So the user can for example say, the data contains a person with firstname and lastname.
In XML I could create a xsd to check, if the data that comes to the service is correct.
What can I do in grails to check, if the json data is correct? Is there something like a xsd for json? Would it be an option to convert the json to xml and check it against an xsd?
Best regards

A: Grails can run pretty much any Java library easily so all you need to do is find a Java implementation of a JSON validating mechanism. An example would be http://json-schema.org/ which defines a JSON validation schema and offers 2 different Java implementations. Note that is is good practice to include external libraries by a repository reference as opposed to downloading the file and copying it into your project folder.
This should get you going, for more details please open another question and present more code and what you've tried so far, as well as the Grails version you are using.


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Browse / filter by:
Keyword search [2991]
Leading news and reaction from UCU.
Value of university staff pay has plummeted in last decade, employers' own research reveals
Pay for university staff has plummeted in real-terms in the last decade, according to a report released by universities' representatives. The findings, from the…
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In the news: 4 October
NUS stands "shoulder to shoulder" with UCU in fight for fair pay and pensions The National Union of Students (NUS) and UCU issued a joint statement on Monday saying…
NUS stands 'shoulder to shoulder' with UCU in fight for fair pay and pensions
The National Union of Students (NUS) and UCU have issued a joint statement saying students stand 'shoulder to shoulder' with staff in the ongoing disputes over…
In the news: 27 September
UCU fights for pensions, pay and working conditions Jo Grady told Observer readers this week how the current ballots in higher education were a fight for pensions,…
Petition in support of striking staff at Nottingham College tops 1,200 signatures
A petition calling for fair contracts at Nottingham College has reached over 1,200 signatures, as UCU members are due to walk out again tomorrow in their seventh…
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In the news: 20 September 2019
Students and workers unite in global climate strikes Students and workers are uniting to take part in today's global climate strike. After the trade union movement…
Nottingham College staff to walk out again on Monday out as mammoth 15-day action enters third week
UCU members at Nottingham College will begin a three-day walkout on Monday (23 September) as strikes at the college enter their third consecutive week. Staff will…
University finance report a wake-up call to government, says UCU Scotland
UCU Scotland has responded to the Audit Scotland report 'Finances of Scottish Universities' which reveals that universities have been subject to a real terms cut…
UCU responds to Hepi report on reducing racial inequality in higher education
Universities must do more to ensure fair access and progression for black and minority ethnic (BME) staff and students, UCU said today. The union was responding…
University of Sheffield staff to join climate change protests on Friday
Staff will join students and climate crisis protestors on Friday (20 September), as part of the campaign for global climate action. University of Sheffield Vice…


#PHNFloridaTakeOverThursdays ~ Phresh Hott New!
We're back!! #PHNFloridaTakeOverThursdays are back in full swing. We have some of the hottest music, and some throwbacks as well from local Florida Artists.
Oh yea one more thing we are now teamed up with SOUNDSGOOD to bring you the playlist on a variety of platforms including Spotify, Apple Music, YouTube, Napster, Deezer, YouTube Music, Qobuz, and SoundCloud. So, select your streaming platform of choice and enjoy.
Thank You so much for your support, We really appreciate it.


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Andrew Johnson is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s. He played at club level for Castleford (Heritage No. 477).

Playing career

County League appearances
Andrew Johnson played in Castleford's victory in the Yorkshire County League during the 1964–65 season.

References

External links
Search for "Johnson" at rugbyleagueproject.org
Andrew Johnson Memory Box Search at archive.castigersheritage.com

Living people
Castleford Tigers players
English rugby league players
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Q: Error Upgrading Magento 1.3 to 1.7 One of my clients asked me to upgrade his website which was built on Magento 1.3, now I am trying to upgrade it to Magento 1.4 so that I can upgrade it to Magento 1.7.
Magento Connect is not working here. So I am using SSH but when I try to initialize pear through this command:
./pear mage-setup

it throws the error:
Could not open the file /path/pearmage.php

Without initializing pear i can not proceed.
Please help,
Thanks in advance

A: Considering that you will need to move your theme as well it would be better to point a new version of Magento 1.7 at your old database and run the upgrade.
After that you will want to move each module over and test, many won't work
Finally you will have to think about how you want to do your theme. There was no BASE folder in 1.3 so you will want to make your new theme off the current base version.
Typically we will diff the files from the old theme to see how much we can re-use, but more likely you will want to use re-do your theme using all the new layout and design files from Magento 1.7

A: Try this  blog by turnkeye. THis may help  you.


text:
ArtsBeat | Rough Trade to Open a Record Store in Brooklyn
Rough Trade to Open a Record Store in Brooklyn
April 11, 2012 2:02 pm April 11, 2012 2:02 pm
One of the most famous independent record stores in the world is opening a branch in Brooklyn.
Rough Trade, which opened in London in 1976, became one of the epicenters of the punk movement. Two years later, it started a record label that helped define the sound and look of post-punk with releases by Scritti Politti, Stiff Little Fingers, the Raincoats and the Television Personalities. Later, the label found its biggest claim to fame when it signed the Smiths (and, later still, another coup with the Strokes).
On Wednesday, the Rough Trade Retail Group, which is run separately from the label, announced that it would open a store in Williamsburg in the fall. Few details were available; for example, the company declined to identify the address of the new shop or exactly when it would open. But one intriguing part of its announcement was that the shop would be teaming with the Bowery Presents, the concert promoter behind the Bowery Ballroom, Terminal 5 and the Music Hall of Williamsburg, to put on shows at the store, "operating at night as an intimate live music venue."
Less clear, perhaps, is its plan for "linking up with Rough Trade's London stores, encouraging artists (and audiences) in each country to interact across the ocean."
Rough Trade has two shops in London, and over the years it opened stores in San Francisco, Tokyo and Paris, although those satellites have all closed.
One Direction Plus One Direction Equals One Lawsuit
Donna Murphy to Play the Witch in 'Into the Woods'


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Sydney scientists trial new IBS treatment: Volunteers needed
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a frustrating, uncomfortable and sometimes embarrassing condition that can cause chronic constipation. Now in a ground-breaking study, Sydney scientists are seeking volunteers for the trial of a new treatment based on Chinese herbal medicine.
The new formula contains a number of herbal ingredients believed to address different aspects of IBS and is tailored to patients who mainly suffer from constipation.
Patients who are 18-65 years old and have been assessed by a GP or gastroenterologist are invited to participate.
Lead researcher, Professor Alan Bensoussan from the University of Western Sydney's Centre for Complementary Medicine Research, is a champion of scientific research into the untapped potential of complementary medicine.
"Our aim is to help people with chronic conditions such as IBS, that lack safe and effective treatments," he says.
"Traditional Chinese Medicine has been treating symptoms associated with IBS for centuries and there is a great deal of public interest in herbal remedies.
"We need trials such as this to confirm its effectiveness if more people are to benefit," he says.
Study partner and Associate Professor of Medicine at The University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Dr John Kellow agrees there is currently no ideal treatment for IBS.
"IBS effects over 10 percent of Australians and around 40 percent of these have constipation-predominant IBS," says Dr Kellow.
"Patients live with multiple symptoms which are unpredictable and distressing including abdominal pain and bloating.
"Current treatment involves an assortment of medicines for the different symptoms with limited benefits and some side-effects," says Dr Kellow.
"It is a difficult syndrome to live with," says Dr Kellow. "It affects so many aspects of a person's life".
Referring gastroenterologist, Dr Jamshid Kalantar, says people often visit their physician with fears that their symptoms may indicate cancer or another serious bowel disorder.
"A simple blood test, or bowel endoscopy if you are over 45, can rule these out leaving people with a diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome," says Dr Kalantar.
"Irritable Bowel Syndrome is not life-threatening and does not lead to cancer in the future.
"What people find difficult is the chronic nature of IBS. It comes and goes but never disappears altogether," he says.
The study has funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council and is a joint project between the Centre for Complementary Medicine Research at the University of Western Sydney and Gastrointestinal Investigation Unit at Royal North Shore Hospital.
There are ten trial sites across Greater Sydney.
For more information on becoming a participant call: 02 4620 3283 or visit: http://www.uws.edu.au/complemed