L ONG ago, at mid-century to be exact, Merton presented to us all the "Contributions to the Theory of Reference Group Behavior."1 For some of the very young who are inclined to neglect the past, it may seem to stem from ancient times. Victor Hugo should be their guide: "Let us, while waiting for new monuments, preserve ancient monuments." Indeed it is a monument, and one that has not crumbled in the quarter-century now passed since it was built. For some of the old who had played with the concept when they were very young, it is the elegant embodiment of ideas that have a long past but that are still vital. For the many, there is no need to urge special measures to preserve the monument. Its figure shines through their theorizing and research. It looms large enough for scholars in distant India or Israel, even as far away as Australia, to see it and take inspiration from it. It has, as Turner put it, a "meteoric prominence" for those working in all corners of the field: on studies of farmers, scientists, newspapermen, and drunkards; on problems of mental illness, formal organization, marketing and public relations, mass communication, opinion formation, consumer behavior, political behavior, acculturation, race relations, labor relations, juvenile delinquency, and jokes.
Publication information: Book title: The Idea of Social Structure:Papers in Honor of Robert K. Merton. Contributors: Lewis A. Coser - Editor. Publisher: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Place of publication: New York. Publication year: 1975. Page number: 265.


The booking is made by paying the booking confirmation fee or registration fee. The booking confirmation fee is specified for each activity, and is for multiday events usually at least 50% of the total fee, for shorter activities 100% of the total fee. Until bookin is made, other earlier and later registrations paid in time will take priority over unpaid registrations.
Aavameri lists each activitys skill level requirements and requirements regarding physical fitness. If unclear, the participant must always check with Aavameri, that possible health issues, skill restrictions or physical conditions does not interfere with participating in the activity. This way Aavameri is also able to alter the activity if possible, to ensure a nice and safe time for everyone.
Aavameri reserves the right not to accept a client to an activity or part of an activity, if the guide concludes that the person is not physically fit or does not have the needed skills for the activity in question. If this unfortunate situation would occur, Aavameri refunds the client according with the policy 5c below.
Aavameri holds a liability insurance for accidents caused by the company. However, Finnish legislation does not allow a company to hold an insurance towards accidents or injuries to the client or the client's belongings that are not caused by the company. It is therefore the client's responsibility to ensure that you hold a travel insurance or alike that covers outdoor activities like kayaking.
Kayaking equipment is rented out only to persons that have the required technical and safety skills to paddle in an dynamic environment. These skills include kayak rescues, understanding of weather and cold water, kayak handling techniques and basic navigation skills. If you are unsure about your skills, please ask before renting - we are happy to offer you a basic kayak safety course before letting you out on your own. The client is responsible for any damages to the equipment during the rental periord, and will be charged for repairs and replacements should such occour. The equipment should be cleaned before returned.
Because of the administrative work in connection with bookings, an administrative fee of 25€ is not refundable upon cancellation.
If the participant choses to leave the activity earlier than planned, this does not entitle to a return.
In situations like dangerous weathers, injuries to the guide or other force majeure situations, Aavameri does the utmost to alter the activity in a way making it possible to still do the activity on another place, with another guide or alike. However, in extreme cases, Aavameri could be obliged to cancel an event with short warning. In this case, Aavameri offers another similar activity to the customer without a new charge, or if this does not work for the customer, makes a money return for the activity.
Aavameri will do its utmost to arrange all marketed activities, but reserves the right to, if needed due to economical reasons, cancel guided group activities with a duration of two days or more, if the amount of clients that have booked the activitiy does not exceed two persons seven days before the activity. If a cancellation is made, the persons booked for the activity are notified at the latest six days before the trip, and a full refund is made. Note however, that this has never happened yet.
In the unfortunate event that Aavameri's guide determine that a client does not meet the physical requirements or the skill level requirements of an activity on site and therefore is at risk of serious injury and / or will not make it possible for the rest of the group to go on with the activity as planned, Aavameri needs to cancel part of or the whole participation in the activity for the client. A refund for the remaining part of the activity is made only if the participant has correctly informed Aavameri about restrictions in physical or skill abilities prior to the activity.
a. Needed data is collected and stored for arrangements of the activity. This data includes the customers name, email address and any further details needed for the activity which might include, but does not always include all of, the followings: activity the customer has registered to, postal address, phone number, age, weight, height and health issues. These details, except name and email address if conditions in b) below apply, are destroyed direcly after the activity in question.
b. Data for sending out newsletters about similar activities to the customer if the customer choses to opt in for this. This data only includes name and email address. The customer can chose to unsubscribe from the newsletter at any time by using the link in the newsletter, in which case the information is destroyed automatically.
c. Data from customers in Aavameri's web shop is stored to make the order and guarantee process possible as follows: Name and email address of customers and physical products bought or enquired about. Enuiries are destroyed one month after having been done. The name and email address of the customer for completed buys is stored along with product details for guarantee purposes, these details will be destroyed upon request.
Aavameri collects and stores needed information on a Finnish server with SSL encrypted and password protected connection. No information is forwarded to third party or outside EU and EU's economical region, and only the guide for the activity and the person handling bookings have access to the data. For technical reasons, the server administrator has access to raw data stored on the server, but is prohibited from use and distribution of private data in all ways.
Everyone customer has the right to check what data is stored about him- or herself. Enquiries about stored data, corrections to the data or removal of data should be sent to dataprotection (ät) aavameri.fi . If a customer data is in the customers view in any ways misused, we strongly hope for you to contact us. It is also possible to contact the surveilling authority, the Finnish Data Protection Office.


WE had been left a house in our neighbour's will and wanted to make it rentable by the end of the year. We had a plasterer recommended and he began work just before Christmas but then walked out on us with the job barely started because he was offered a contract by a large firm.
I contacted Chris Cass through My Builder and he came out that evening to look at the job and give us a quote. He saw how keen we were to meet our deadline and he offered to give up his weekend to get things done.
We took him on and he worked through Saturday and Sunday. He noy only completed the work but then lowered the quote because it hadn't proved as difficult as he had anticipated. Such honesty!
We were so impressed that we gave him a tiling job in the same property. This summer we are giving our wet room a makeover and we have no qualms about employing Chris yet again: prompt, honest and work of the highest quality.


The MessageRouter is flexible and can handle many different scenarios. As an example, imagine an air combat game in which pilots communicate through our MessageRouter. A pilot might broadcast (shout) an "Under attack!" message if they feel threatened.
First you will need to add the MessageRouter.js component to at least one GameObject. The MessageRouter is usually a singleton but you are free to have instances specific to particular sub-systems.
Next lets create a "Under attack!" message to send from pilots under attack.
To create a new message type create a sub-class of the MessageRouter's Message class. A message can contain any additional data that is specific to this new message type. It can also contain any additional convenience constructors and methods that you deem necessary. In this example I've kept things simple and have only added a single attribute with the call-sign of the pilot that has sent this distress message.
After creating the message type we need to broadcast it to any interested parties. Hopefully there is a friendly nearby that is willing and able to react.
To send a message create an instance of the previously defined UnderAttackMessage and assign it a re-usable message header. A single message header can be shared by multiple message instances and types. A message header is like the front of an envelope and is used to route the message to subscribers. By convention I've exposed the message header as an attribute of this script so I can configure it using the Unity Inspector. There I can specify that a receiver is not required (header.requireReceiver = false) and that the message should be delivered 0.2 seconds after it was sent (header.deliveryTime = 0.2). The message is delayed as a way to simulate the pilots reaction time.
Once a message has been created and initialized sending it is easy. Just call SendMessage() on the message router with the newly created message. After a message has been sent it will be discarded if there are no interested subscribers. In order to receive messages you must create a subscription.
To subscribe to a message you need a subscription object. By convention I've exposed the subscription as an attribute of this script so I can configure it using the Unity Inspector. I also set the subscription's handler to a method that takes an UnderAttackMessage as its only parameter. I set the subscription type to UnderAttackMessage so that the handler is only called for messages of this type.
Once a subscription has been created and initialized subscribing is easy. Just call Subscribe() on the message router with the newly created subscription (use Unsubscribe() to remove a subscription at any time). After a subscription has been made any messages matching the subscription will be sent to the OnUnderAttackMessage method. In this case, the "Under Attack!" message is heard by an opponent of the Red Baron and unless a friendly subscriber also received this message the Red Baron may have finally met his match.
This example shows an idiomatic way of using the MessageRouter. By exposing the message header and subscription objects as attributes you can easily configure the message routing in many different ways. For example, you could add an AI tag to "Under Attack!" message and similar messages and have a subscriber subscribe to all AI tagged messages to produce an AI log for debugging. For details on features not used in this particular example please read the doc comments of the relevant class (ie. MessageHeader, Message, MessageSubscription, and MessageRouter). If you have any questions feel free to contact me directly at fernando@cpudreams.com.
* A message can have zero or more tags describing the kind of message it is.
* These are sample tags and you are free to use or remove them.
* Base class for all messages that can be sent through MessageRouter.
* Time.time if deliveryTime is -1.
* or Time.frameCount if deliveryFrame is -1.
* specific to a particular message type.
* after any message referencing that instance has been sent.
* is not consumed by at least one non-hidden subscriber.
* Tags help describe the kind of message this is (similar to categories).
* frame delay has elapsed.
* Relative time in the future at which to deliver the message.
* depends on game loop state.
* or anything else < 0 consider undefined and ASAP.
* until next frame if deliveryStage is not set to Immediate.
* not set to Immediate.
* Components must subscribe if they wish to receive any messages.
* tags, or with at least one of the given tags.
* subscribe to all messages sent through the MessageRouter.
* Handler method invoked in order to deliver a message to the subscriber.
* The handler method should take one parameter handler(messageSubclass).
* that is not a hiddenReceiver or an error message will be generated.
* to null and you will receive the message regardless of whom it is from.
* if you want to revieve messages sent to anyone.
* The type (class) of messages you want to receive.
* Set to Message if you want to receive messages of any type (class).
* the header.tags in your handler method and filter there.
* Set to null if you want to receive messages regardless of their tags.
* helper class for MessageRouter is purely a private implementation detail.
* Messages checked for delivery during the next delivery stage.
* The absolute delivery time of the next message to be delivered.
* Set to Mathf.Infinity when no messages are waiting for their delivery time.
* Used to avoid iterating fixedUpdateMessages when no deliveries are due.
* The absolute delivery frame of the next message to be delivered.
* Set to -1 when no messages are waiting for their delivery time.
* The route message method to call when sending delayed messages.
* that will grow by current capacity * growth rate as needed.
* nextMessageTime and nextMessageFrame if necessary.
* Route delayed messages who's delivery time has arrived or past.
* deliveryTime or deliveryFrame is earlier.
nextMessageTime = (message.desiredArrivalTime < nextMessageTime) ?
* next message info if necessary.
* past its scheduled delivery time or frame.
* list for each DeliveryStage.
* capacity. Must be greater than 1.0.
* if an object wants to receive messages even if a message is sent "to" them.
* are keyed by the message type.
* Messages checked for delivery during the next fixed update.
* Messages checked for delivery during the next update.
* Messages checked for delivery during the next late update.
* Messages checked for delivery during the end of frame.
* Send a message based on header options.
message.desiredArrivalTime = (message.header.deliveryTime != -1) ?
message.desiredArrivalFrame = (message.header.deliveryFrame != -1) ?
* Subscribe to messages matching this subscription.
* unsubscribed and false if a matching subscription was not found.
* at the end of each frame by using yield WaitForEndOfFrame.
* Routes message to any interested subscribers.
* and returns true if message was received by at least one visible receiver.
* MessageSubscription class for details on matching rules.
* in the header or if the subscription.tags list is empty.
* decrease as length decreases.
* to date while Iterate is in process.
* a new array of size Mathf.CeilToInt(capacity * growthRate) is allocated.
* Growth rate must be greater than 1.0.
* Adds object to the end of the list. The object cannot be null.
* to the list and calls the process function once for each element.
* The current element is passed as the first parameter of the function.
* is the only method of removing elements from a compact list.
This page was last modified on 14 November 2018, at 22:08.


text:
//
// https://github.com/SteveKChiu/lua-intf
//
// Copyright 2014, Steve K. Chiu <steve.k.chiu@gmail.com>
//
// The MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
// the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
// and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
// Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
// THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//

#ifndef QTLUAINTF_H
#define QTLUAINTF_H

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include "LuaIntf.h"
#include <QVariant>

namespace LuaIntf
{

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

namespace Lua
{
    void pushVariant(lua_State* L, const QVariant& v);
    QVariant getVariant(lua_State* L, int index);

    /**
     * Push QMap as Lua table onto Lua stack.
     */
    template <typename K, typename V>
    inline void pushMap(lua_State* L, const QMap<K, V>& map)
    {
        lua_newtable(L);
        for (auto it = map.begin(); it != map.end(); ++it) {
            push(L, it.key());
            push(L, it.value());
            lua_settable(L, -3);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Push QHash as Lua table onto Lua stack.
     */
    template <typename K, typename V>
    inline void pushMap(lua_State* L, const QHash<K, V>& map)
    {
        lua_newtable(L);
        for (auto it = map.begin(); it != map.end(); ++it) {
            push(L, it.key());
            push(L, it.value());
            lua_settable(L, -3);
        }
    }
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

template <>
struct LuaTypeMapping <QByteArray>
{
    static void push(lua_State* L, const QByteArray& str)
    {
        if (str.isEmpty()) {
            lua_pushliteral(L, "");
        } else {
            lua_pushlstring(L, str.data(), str.length());
        }
    }

    static QByteArray get(lua_State* L, int index)
    {
        size_t len;
        const char* p = luaL_checklstring(L, index, &len);
        return QByteArray(p, len);
    }

    static QByteArray opt(lua_State* L, int index, const QByteArray& def)
    {
        return lua_isnoneornil(L, index) ? def : get(L, index);
    }
};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

template <>
struct LuaTypeMapping <QString>
{
    static void push(lua_State* L, const QString& str)
    {
        if (str.isEmpty()) {
            lua_pushliteral(L, "");
        } else {
            QByteArray buf = str.toUtf8();
            lua_pushlstring(L, buf.data(), buf.length());
        }
    }

    static QString get(lua_State* L, int index)
    {
        size_t len;
        const char* p = luaL_checklstring(L, index, &len);
        return QString::fromUtf8(p, len);
    }

    static QString opt(lua_State* L, int index, const QString& def)
    {
        return lua_isnoneornil(L, index) ? def : get(L, index);
    }
};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

template <>
struct LuaTypeMapping <QVariant>
{
    static void push(lua_State* L, const QVariant& v)
    {
        Lua::pushVariant(L, v);
    }

    static QVariant get(lua_State* L, int index)
    {
        return Lua::getVariant(L, index);
    }

    static QVariant opt(lua_State* L, int index, const QVariant& def)
    {
        return lua_isnoneornil(L, index) ? def : Lua::getVariant(L, index);
    }
};

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

LUA_USING_LIST_TYPE_X(QStringList)
LUA_USING_LIST_TYPE_X(QVariantList)
LUA_USING_MAP_TYPE_X(QVariantMap)

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#if LUAINTF_HEADERS_ONLY
#include "src/QtLuaIntf.cpp"
#endif

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

}

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Cooperative and kind, moody and temperamental, straight-up bad hair day. Sure, we could be describing a teenager's dynamically fluctuating dispositions, but we're actually talking about fourth-quarter weather — specifically that meteorological mayhem we know as a cold front.
The days before, during and after a front can bring a mix of challenges and opportunities. Understanding what to expect, where to look and how to approach the fish greatly impacts your day's outcome.
One thing is consistent, an approaching front brings a spike in angling activity that's largely due to falling barometric pressure. Pre-front fishing is good, the front's passage can be stellar, but post front — well, ya know.
"The fish sense the pressure change, they loosen up, they get more aggressive and they bite moving lures," said pro Timmy Horton. "You usually have clouds and some rain with that, which along with the pressure, is going to make them more active.
Depending on where you are on the map and on the calendar, frontal impacts can vary significantly.
Also, because different latitudes find nature's year-end time table advancing at a varying pace, Horton said it's important to fish where the fish are.
"If you get a late-fall cold front, the fish are already going to be in the backs of the bays and pockets," he said. "That could be December for us here in the Southeast, but up north, that could be November.
Consider also that overnight lows mean more to the big picture than declining daytime temperatures. That's because once the overnight chill sets in, it takes longer for the day to rise to a level the fish can tolerate.
"The only thing that would make that different would be if the water temperature is just starting to get down to where the fish want it to be in the early fall," Horton said.
But say you catch 'em good on a pre-front Saturday when the water is 55 degrees. Wednesday sees an approaching front's warmth raising that temperature to 58-60. The front passes, the water drops back down to 55. Should be business as usual, right?
Now, there's no one-size-fits-all formula for cold front presentations, but a few key points should guide your strategy.
-Later cold fronts, the ones that move water temperatures below the fish's preference, shrink the target zone and saddle you with greater demands.
-That pre-front perk-up makes moving baits the way to go because covering water with rapid succession is the best way to get your bait in front of a player. In the fall, Horton likes topwaters like the Profound Outdoors Popper Z and Azuma Z Dog, a spinnerbait or a lipless crankbait like the Azuma Shaker Z.
Let's be honest, no one looks forward to fishing after a cold front, but it's not entirely a lost cause. For one thing, moon phases will still create feeding periods throughout even a post-front day. Apps like Horton's favorite, Bass Forecast, will factor in weather systems to show you when the fish should chew.
Moreover, by taking a lot of the field out of play, the front's backside actually facilitates fish location.
"If you fish a lake with a lot of cover in it, (post-frontal conditions) can be a little bit of an advantage because it will put the fish really tight to cover," he said. "When they're down there with a headache, they're going to get right up against something so you know right where you need to make that cast.


text:
IndiGo to add 47 flights with arrival of new jets
By Aaron Chong2016-10-07T02:22:00+01:00
IndiGo will introduce 47 new flights on its route network, with the induction of five new Airbus A320neo aircraft during the month.
As such, the airline's frequencies will increase to 883 daily.
From 24 October, IndiGo will launch three new daily services from Bengaluru to Patna, Varanasi and Imphal (via Kolkata), respectively.
IndiGo will also operate increased frequencies connecting Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bhubaneswar, Lucknow, Guwahati and Patna.
FlightGlobal schedules data shows that IndiGo will compete with GoAir on Bengaluru-Patna, and will be the sole operator on Bengaluru-Varanasi.
IndiGo also took delivery of four A320neos in September.
Indonesia AirAsia 'planning' for A330 operations amid fleet ramp-up
AirAsia Aviation Group is planning to operate Airbus A330s from Indonesia for medium- to long-haul operations, as it reiterates its commitment to growing its presence in the country.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Unihoc's original ball in Navy Blue, Gold, Neon Green, Neon Orange & Pink.You can select an indi..
Unihoc's leading Match Ball in White.For quantities less than four, check out the Single Ball - Unih..
Unihoc's original ball in Navy Blue, Gold, Neon Green, Neon Orange & Pink.For quantities more th..
Unihoc's leading Match Ball in White.For quantities more than three, check out the Ball Pack - Uniho..
Unihoc's Ballbag Flex is lightweight and can hold up to 100 balls. When not in use or empty it..
Fitted with the Cavity Youngster, this is a great option for Junior players who have outgrown a ki..
Fitted with the Unihoc's Nino blade this is an excellent choice for a kid's first stick. Havin..


As people age, change begins to occur throughout the body, including the brain, which gradually shrinks. This shrinkage causes nerve cells to lose connections with other cells, resulting in instances of forgetfulness. These changes are generally normal, but for some, it might indicate the early signs of a serious condition, such as dementia or Alzheimer's disease. These conditions are severe and go beyond typical age-related issues with memory recall.
Stimulate the brain: It is extremely important to mentally stimulate your brain, which is crucial to maintaining its health. You can accomplish this by playing challenging games, engaging in social activities, learning new skills, or partaking in other activities that might require the use of your mind.
Regularly exercise: Physical activity is a healthy habit for the overall wellbeing of your body, but it also increases the flow of blood to the brain. This reduces the risk of high blood pressure, which has been linked to dementia.
Maintain a healthy diet: This is another good habit that can contribute to your health in more than one way, but is also quite beneficial for your brain. Vegetables and fatty fish are believed to reduce the risk of memory loss, so make an effort to incorporate these into your diet.
No smoking or drinking in excess: Most people know that smoking and drinking are bad for your health, but are especially damaging in old age and might increase one's chances of cognitive decline. If you must drink or smoke, do so only in moderation.
Monitor and control high blood pressure and cholesterol: High blood pressure and high cholesterol both increase the risk of stroke and heart disease. Moreover, they also contribute to the development of various types of dementia.
Essentially, it is critical for aging seniors to protect their health by developing habits that will promote a better functioning mind and body. Eat a healthy diet, maintain a healthy weight, exercise, and minimize or refrain from smoking. Your golden years should be enjoyable.
At King Street Rehab, we have luxurious long-term living accommodations and a staff of skilled nurses to ensure your loved one is cared for 24 hours a day. Our long-term care services include dementia care, respite care, on-call doctors, memory care, Alzheimer's care, healthy meals prepared with fresh ingredients, and emotional and social support. When families visit our facility, they are often impressed by our clean and spacious rooms with ample lighting, as well as our beautifully landscaped grounds and walking paths.
Call us today at (914) 600-7149 to learn more about our services or to schedule a tour of our facility.


If you have any ideas on how to make this price guide better, please contact us!
Pemberton in 1886 to today, Coca-Cola has become a staple of American and worldwide culture.
Commemorative bottles usually sell for a few dollars each when issued.
Some of those are illustrated with the first "face" of Coca-Cola, the beautiful Hilda Clark.
The quality of the work is unsurpassed by advertising standards, and the sheer volume is hard to fathom.
While the Schmidts are proud of their collection and the way it's been showcased, it is time for a change.
BY STEVE JOHNSON ([email protected])One of the largest areas of interest to many collectors is anything distributed or licensed by the Coca-Cola Company.
Just about everything, including vintage advertising items, old bottles, point-of-sale items, toys, and radios, are sought after by collectors.
And as you know Daily2k team always try to protects you from any type of privacy issues.
The crazy-cat-lady stereotype aside (by the way, every segment of the population has its extremes, cat-loving women shouldn't have to take a bad rap for a few odd birds) I know many more women than men who have a special bond with their cats. A new study supports the idea that a special relationship exists between women and cats.


text:
Q: Apache rewrite_rule for angularjs I have this rule in Angularjs app. It work perfectly. But I want to understand one rule which I don't know what it does RewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L] #???
RewriteEngine on
RewriteBase /

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -s [OR]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -l [OR]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d [OR]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -!f
RewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L] #NC none-case-sensitive, L stop when match
RewriteRule ^(.*) index.html [NC,L]

Please help me on this rule RewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L] I know about the [NC,L] flags but I don't get ^.*$ - especially the empty dash at the end of rule.

A: The syntax of the RewriteRule is:
RewriteRule Pattern Substitution [flags]

Your rule is:
RewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L]

*

*^.*$ is a perl compatible regular expression where

*

*^ is the start of string

*. is any character except newline

** means 0 or more times

*$ is the end of string.

*The substiution is - which means: "no substitution should be performed (the existing path is passed through untouched). This is used when a flag needs to be applied without changing the path."

*The flags are NC and L, which means:

*

*NC:      Makes the pattern comparison case-insensitive.

*L:   Stop the rewriting process immediately and don't apply any more rules. Especially note caveats for per-directory and .htaccess context (see also the END flag).

So this rule matches anything, makes no substitution, and stops the rewriting process immediately.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package com.huaqin.punan.fragment4;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ListFragment;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;

/**
 * Created by punan on 10/12/13.
 */
public class HeadlinesFragment extends ListFragment {

    private Resources mResource;
    private OnHeadlineSelectedListener mCallback;

    private int mCurCheckPosition = 0;

    public interface OnHeadlineSelectedListener{
        public void onArticleSelected(int position);
    }

    @Override
    public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
        super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id);
        mCurCheckPosition = position;
        mCallback.onArticleSelected(position);
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

        mResource = getResources();
        String[] title = mResource.getStringArray(R.array.article_title);

        setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(),
                android.R.layout.simple_list_item_activated_1,title));

    }

    @Override
    public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
        outState.putInt("index",mCurCheckPosition);
    }

    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);

        try {
            mCallback = (OnHeadlineSelectedListener) activity;
        } catch (ClassCastException e){
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString() +
                    "must implement OnHeadlineSelectedListener");
        }
    }
}


You can pay cash to courier representative at the time of delivery.
iii. Once you will enter the above details correctly, you will be shown a confirmation screen on the website and a confirmation sms will be sent on your mobile number.
iv. Once you will enter the MPIN, you will be shown a confirmation screen on the website and a confirmation sms will be sent on your mobile number.
Note: Please make sure that your phone is unlocked during the transaction to receive the MPIN popup.
iv. A random token number will be generated and displayed on your screen.
v. Visit the nearest Easypaisa Shop and ask the agent to accept Easypay payment against your token number. You have 12h to make the payment. Make the payment quicker to have your order processed earlier.
vi. Once the payment has been processed successfully, you will receive a payment confirmation via SMS and email and your order will be processed.


text:
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Climate bill would create roadblock for full EV tax credit
By Jael Holzman | 07/28/2022 02:08 PM EDT
An electric car charges at a mall parking lot in June in Corte Madera, Calif. The new reconciliation bill limits its electric vehicle tax credit to cars made with critical minerals mined or processed in North America or in U.S. trade agreement nations. Justin Sullivan/Getty Images
The climate deal struck yesterday by Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer and Sen. Joe Manchin would significantly expand consumer tax credits for electric vehicles by offering a $7,500 tax credit to people buying an EV made with a certain percentage of minerals mined or processed in nations with U.S. free trade agreements, or recycled in North America.
But there's a catch: The EV supply chain required for the tax credit doesn't exist.
Minerals required to make market-ready EV batteries — lithium, cobalt, graphite and nickel — are primarily mined, refined and processed in China and Russia or in less adversarial nations like the Democratic Republic of Congo and Indonesia that aren't parties to U.S. free trade agreements (Greenwire, Feb. 24).
That tax-credit provision is sparking concerns from climate activists and EV promoters that the much-lauded Senate bill could actually limit the effectiveness of its electric vehicle tax credit by putting an impossibly high hurdle in front of automakers.
"These things aren't in place, and might not be for more than a decade," said Morgan Bazilian, director of the Payne Institute at the Colorado School of Mines.
The requirement, he added, "may limit the amount of tax credits that get the full amount."
There is currently a $7,500 tax credit for consumers buying electric vehicles, but it is limited to 200,000 vehicles sold per manufacturer, resulting in some automakers hitting that cap and no longer benefiting from the credit.
The reconciliation bill would expand this benefit by lifting the limit on how many vehicles can qualify for the credit. President Joe Biden and many congressional Democrats wanted to remove this cap because it could hypothetically supercharge consumer EV purchases and included language doing so in the House version of the "Build Back Better Act" that passed last year (Climatewire, July 21).
If signed into law, the bill would require EVs by 2024 to have batteries made with at least 40 percent minerals extracted or processed by a nation that is party to a U.S. free trade agreement, with the percentage measured by the value of the total minerals in the battery. Minerals recycled in North America could also be included in the percentage requirement.
The critical minerals content requirement for batteries would increase to 80 percent by 2027.
A similar requirement would apply to battery components, requiring 100 percent of battery components in qualifying EVs be made in North America by 2029.
Half of the tax credit would be tied to the mineral requirement. The other half would be tethered to the battery component mandate.
Such requirements are in line with Manchin's stated policy priorities. The West Virginia Democrat has slammed incentives to switch the U.S. away from fossil fuel-powered cars by citing the EV industry's heavily reliance on minerals mined abroad, most notably in China (E&E Daily, April 8).
Supporters of the bill's language say this requirement is precisely what the United States and its allies need — a mega-market signal to auto companies and mine developers that they should heavily invest in developing a made-in-America battery sector.
"For far too long 'made in America' has ignored the front end of the supply chain: domestically sourced mined minerals," said Conor Bernstein, a spokesperson for the National Mining Association. "Requirements that minerals for batteries be sourced close to home rather than from geopolitical rivals directly supports high-paying, stable U.S. jobs that strengthen our economy, secure our supply chains and enhance our global competitiveness."
National security hawks have long sounded alarm bells that a transition away from fossil fuels and toward electrified transportation and energy networks could increase the U.S. reliance on adversaries for mineral and metal supplies.
Abby Wulf, director of the Center for Critical Minerals Strategy at the nonprofit Securing America's Future Energy, called the bill's mineral content requirements "ambitious."
"Ultimately, we hope this will help to make automakers realize how serious it is that they can't just rely on unreliable supply chains and that they're going to have to focus much more on diversifying them," Wulf said.
But Bazilian, an academic who advocates for climate action in tandem with a more robust American EV supply chain, said the percentages set by the bill could ultimately hinder the effectiveness of the tax credit into the foreseeable future.
"Even though this may get [Manchin's] sign-off, and it might be very important to Manchin to get these percentages, they will likely not be reached," he said.
Environmental groups agree with Bazilian's assessment, asserting that the minerals requirement spoils a potentially powerful pathway to hastening decarbonization of the U.S. transportation system.
"All it does is negate the tax credit," said Brett Hartl, government affairs director for the Center for Biological Diversity. "It's not like the car companies are deliberately overlooking a U.S. supply chain. It just doesn't exist right now."
Lauren Pagel, policy director at environmental nongovernmental organization Earthworks, said her group believes the language would essentially provide a subsidy for new mines in the U.S. and its allied nations "because now they need those mines to get their critical minerals percentages up, so their cars can be deemed clean under this bill."
"If I were an electric vehicle advocate, someone who's trying to incentivize more electric vehicles to solve climate change, I would not want this provision in there," Pagel said. "I'd want everyone to get the tax credit if they bought an electric vehicle. That's the solution that's the most climate friendly and realistic."
Joe Britton, executive director of the Zero Emission Transportation Association, which represents EV-related corporations big and small across the United States, from lithium mining companies to EV startups, said his group had pushed for "a more universally accessible credit" because "if you limit the credit, you limit the public benefits of the credit."
He said he's optimistic that if the bill is enacted, it would be an "enormous accelerant" for American EV manufacturing when combined with billions of dollars in the measure for building battery manufacturing and mineral processing facilities, as well as funds to reconfigure auto plants so they can make EVs.
But Britton is clear-eyed about the reality of the existing supply chain, conceding that "people are looking at their supply chains now" to "think through" how they "meet these targets."
"I'm not saying there's no concern," he said. "These will make people reach."
Turmoil and turnover plague Audubon
By Robin Bravender | 01/30/2023 01:32 PM EST
Could a river finally run through the Glen Canyon Dam?
By Jennifer Yachnin | 01/27/2023 01:17 PM EST
Biden protects Boundary Waters in blow to copper mine
By Hannah Northey, Heather Richards | 01/26/2023 01:59 PM EST
The Trump rules still vexing Biden
Frustrations mount as National Park Service studies pile up
By Rob Hotakainen, Kevin Bogardus | 01/24/2023 01:25 PM EST


text:
SOLENOSTOMIDAE
SYNGNATHIFORMES Seahorses, pipefishes
SOLENOSTOMIDAE Ghost pipefishes
Solenostomus(5)
Family SOLENOSTOMIDAE
Common name: Ghost pipefishes
Ghostpipefishes, like their seahorse and pipefish relative, are also covered in bony armour. They are masters of camouflage, mimicing pieces of algae, floating debris, crinoid arms or gorgonian corals. They often hover motionless in a head-down position amongst the seaweeds and sessile invertebrates they mimic. Unlike their seahorse and pipefish relatives, female ghostpipefish brood their developing young in a special pouch formed between their large pelvic fins and the abdomen.
Dianne J. Bray, Ghost pipefishes, SOLENOSTOMIDAE in Fishes of Australia, accessed 02 Feb 2023, https://fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/family/164
Family Taxonomy
This very small family comprises a single genus, Solenostomus and 4 recognised species, all found in Australian waters. There is considerable variation within the four species.
Family Distribution
Ghost pipefishes are widespread throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific. They live amongst algae, seagrasses and sessile invertebrates in a variety of habitats ranging from coral reefs to muddy, sandy, seagrass or marine algal substrates from near the surface to 95m.
Family Description
Meristic features: Dorsal fin V, 16-22; Anal fin 17-22; Pectoral fin 22-28; Pelvic fin I, 6; Caudal fin 15-17; Vertebrae 32-34.
Body short, compressed, snout long, tubular, mouth small at snout tip; gill openings moderately large, circumorbital bones absent.
Fins high and large; first dorsal fin with long, weak spines, second dorsal fin mounted on a base; pelvic fins large, opposite first dorsal fin, united to form brood pouch in females.
Body covered in large segmented ridged, stellate dermal plates which form a bony armour ornamented with filamentous appendages.
Reach a total length of about 17cm.
Family Colour
Ghostpipefishes are amazingly camouflaged in both colour and body form.
Family Feeding
Feed by sucking very small invertebrates and zooplankton such as mysids and benthic crustaceans in through their tubular snouts. They may also feed on invertebrates that live on gorgonian corals or crinoids.
Family Reproduction
The sexes are separate and fertilisation is external. Males and females often live in pairs and at least one species is thought to form monogamous pairs. Unlike seahorses and their relatives, female ghost pipefishes brood their eggs externally in a brood pouch or marsupium, formed from the united pelvic fins. Larval stages are known for two species. At hatching, the larvae are well-developed and about 3 mm in length. They are elongate, compressed, with pigmented eyes and have a fully-formed mouth, a long straight gut, and well-developed body spination. The juveniles of at least one species are reportedly pelagic until they settle out to breed.
Family Commercial
Ghost pipefishes are occasionally taken as bycatch in bottom trawls, and are keenly sought for sale in the aquarium industry. They are protected in many countries and are very difficult to keep in captivity.
Family Conservation
Australian Government Legislation: All species are Marine Listed under the Environment Protection and Biodiverity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act).
State Government Legislation: Species found in New South Wales are protected under the NSW Fisheries Management Act 1994.
Family Remarks
Although often found in pairs, ghost pipefishes sometimes live in groups amongst gorgonian branches, floating weeds, coralline algae or crinoids. Species may be short lived, perhaps even having an annual life-cycle.
Dianne J. Bray
Allen, G.R., R. Steene, P. Humann & N. Deloach. 2003. Reef fish identification: Tropical Pacific. New World Publications, Inc. Jacksonville, FL.
Fishelson, L. 1966. Solenostomus cyanopterus blecker (Teleostei, Solenostomidae) in Elat (Gulf of Akaba). Israel J. Zool. 15: 95–103.
Fritzsche, R.A. & K.G. Thiesfeld. 1999. Family Solenostomidae. (p. 2263) In Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Vol. 4. FAO, Rome.
Kuiter, R.H. 1996. Guide to Sea Fishes of Australia. New Holland Press, Sydney, 433 pp.
Kuiter, R.H. 2003. Seahorses, Pipefish and their Relatives, a comprehensive guide to Syngnathiformes. TCM Publishing, Chorleywood, UK.
Kuiter, R. H. 2009. Seahorses and their relatives. Aquatic Photographics, Seaford, Australia. 333 pp.
Munro, I.S.R. 1958. Handbook of Australian fishes. No. 23. Fish. Newsletter (Aust.) 17(5): (93–96) 17–20, figs. 643–63.
Orr, J.W. & R.A. Fritzsche. 1993. Revision of the ghost pipefishes, family Solenostomidae (Teleostei: Syngnathoidei). Copeia 1993(1): 168–182.
Orr, J.W., R.A. Fritzsche & J.E. Randall. 2002. Solenostomus halimeda, a new species of ghost pipefish (Teleostei: Gasterosteiformes) from the Indo-Pacific, with a revised key to the known species of the family Solenostomidae. Aqua, J. Ichthy. Aquat. Biol. 5(3): 99–108.
Padmanabhan, K.G. 1961. Early development of Solenostomus cyanopterus Blkr. Bull. Centr. Res. Inst., Trivandrum (Series C: Natural Sciences) 8: 1–13.
Paxton, J.R., J.E. Gates, D.J. Bray & D.F. Hoese. 2006. Solenostomidae, In Beesley, P.L. & A. Wells (Eds). Zoological catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Fishes. ABRS & CSIRO Pulbishing, Australia. Part 2.
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen. & R.C. Steene. 1997. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Crawford House Publishing, Bathurst, Australia.
Senou. H. 1994. A review of the ghost pipefishes, genus Solenostomus (Teleostei: Solenostomatidae) from Japan. I.O.P. Diving News 5(6): 2–6.
Trnski, T. & J.M. Leis. 2000. Solenostomidae (Ghost Pipefishes), p. 213–216, In Leis, J.M. & B.M. Carson-Ewart (eds.) The larvae of the Indo-Pacific coastal fishes. An identification guide to marine fish larvae. 1st Ed. Brill, Leiden. 850 pp.
Wetzel, J. & J.P. Wourms (1995). Adaptations for reproduction and development in the skin-brooding ghost pipefishes, Solenostomus. Environmental Biology of Fishes. 44:363-384.
Whiteman, E.A. & I.M. Côté. 2004. Monogamy in marine fishes. Biol. Rev. 79: 351–375.


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Rising Cell Phone Use Fuels Fears Of Health Hazards From Antennas
Interpress News Service
Journalist: Daniela Estrada
Hundreds of Chileans are keeping watch day and night over lots next to their homes, to block plans to install mobile phone antennas, because they are worried about the possible effects they could have on human health.
"We have to keep watch over the spot every night, since these companies usually come and install the antennas in the middle of the night," Sandra Mancilla, the head of a group of 50 residents of the low-income neighbourhood of La Florida, on the southeast side of the capital, told IPS.
The members of the group take turns standing guard over a lot that has been leased in La Florida by the Spanish telecommunications giant Telefónica.
Teresa López, president of the National Coalition for Defence of the Environment (CONADEMA), a group set up in 2000 by Chileans who say their health has been affected by the radiation emitted by cell-phone towers, told IPS that "The citizens have been forced to take these measures because the government privileges the economic interests of telephone companies over the well-being of the population."
The number of cell-phone users has risen steadily in Chile, to more than nine million (out of a total population of 16 million).
Due to the fast-growing demand, the companies have installed cell phone antennas all over the country, even in schools and child care centres, medical centres, churches and nursing homes, the concerned citizens complain.
According to the government's Under-Secretariat of Telecommunications (SUBTEL), there are around 6,000 cell-phone towers in the country, most of which are in the capital.
Cell phone antennas are typically mounted on towers, water tanks, rooftops or the sides of buildings, at an average height of 30 metres in urban areas and 60 metres in rural areas.
"We are not opposed to technology, we just want the government to listen to us, so that we can reach an agreement that benefits everyone," said López, who has also criticised local residents who lease their land for around 1,000 dollars a month to telephone companies for installing antennas.
CONADEMA, the National Ecological Network and Legal Training for Action (FORJA), representing 25,000 people in Chile and several other countries of Latin America, brought legal action against the Chilean state in the Inter-American Court for Human Rights in 2002. The case is still being considered.
According to those who complain about the effects of the antennas, their unregulated installation violates the constitution on several points, including the rights to health and to live in an environment free of pollution.
The concerned citizens also protest that the presence of cellular towers drives down the value of nearby homes, a phenomenon that has been confirmed by Chile's Real Estate Institute.
López said that in the coastal city of Concón, in central Chile, there are 24 antennas within a radius of one kilometre, and clusters of people suffering from cancer have been found in that small area. She added that similar cases have been found in other urban areas in Chile.
"It is up to the citizens to prove that exposure to electromagnetic radiation has adverse health effects, because the authorities have no intention of applying the precautionary approach or respecting the right to information," which are guaranteed by legislation in other countries, FORJA attorney Alejandra Arriaza remarked to IPS.
Principle 15 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, which was signed by the world's nations, including Chile, at the 1992 Earth Summit, states that "In order to protect the environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities.
"Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation," it adds.
"The government has lacked sufficient political will to push through the bill aimed at regulating the installation of this kind of equipment in the country," socialist parliamentary Deputy Carlos Montes, the author of the bill, told IPS.
The lawmaker believes there is little chance that the new law will be passed any time soon, because "it is not among the government's priorities."
"The government prefers to apply SUBTEL resolution 505," which states that the antennas cannot exceed a power density of 435 microwatts per square centimetre, said Montes.
But a source at SUBTEL told IPS that the government complies with the precautionary approach by monitoring levels of radiofrequency emissions from cellular antennas, and underlined that the power density limit that SUBTEL has set is much stricter than the limit of 1,000 microwatts per square centimetre recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO).
In addition, the source pointed out, a Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning decree issued in 2001 regulates the minimum distance that must separate antennas from neighbouring lots.
The activists complain that city governments have failed to establish regulations limiting the areas where cellular base stations can be sited.
However, concerned local residents may take hope from a statute being drawn up by the municipal government of El Bosque, in south Santiago, which would regulate the installation of antennas.
The bill sponsored by Montes, which has been debated by Congress for four years, would, among other things, give municipal governments greater authority to prevent the installation of cell phone antennas, and set the minimum distance between cellular towers and schools and homes at 100 metres.
Mobile phone companies have protested the bill, arguing that there are no conclusive scientific studies showing that the level of radiation emitted by the antennas poses a threat to human health, and noting that they already comply with the safety limits set by SUBTEL.
They also point out that they provide many jobs, and say that changing the rules of the game would discourage investment in the sector. The phone companies especially criticise the retroactive character of the bill.
Both mobile phones and cellular base stations emit non-ionising electromagnetic radiation, as do high-voltage power lines, home appliances like microwave ovens and TV sets, and radio and TV broadcast antennas.
Dr. Andrei Tchernitchin, a medical researcher at the University of Chile, commented to IPS that although it has not been scientifically proven that the radiation emitted by cell phone antennas poses health hazards, he believes that long-term exposure is likely to create problems.
He noted that a number of studies have found that exposure to non-ionising electromagnetic fields is a risk factor due to both thermal effects (increase in body temperature) and non-thermal effects, which were not taken into account in the past and whose impact would only be detectable in the long-term.
Some of the health problems associated with exposure to high levels of this kind of radiation are leukemia, brain tumours, breast cancer, miscarriages, Alzheimer's disease and heart attacks, said the researcher.
In his view, cell phone antennas should be placed on hills.
"There are preliminary studies that have suggested, in an inconclusive manner, that a higher incidence of brain tumours has been found among (long-time) users of cell phones," said Tchernitchin, who was specifically referring to the acoustic neuroma, which is benign but can be life-threatening if not treated.
"This reminds me of what happened with tobacco: the cigarette companies pressured the government, saying there was not enough information, and that it was necessary to continue investigating (the health risks), and in the end delayed the passage of new legislation," he said.
"The government should discourage the use of cell phones, which would reduce the need to install new antennas; encourage the use of 'hands-free' devices (headsets) as an alternative; and inform the public about the possible risks" posed by mobile phones, said Tchernitchin.
As does the WHO, the expert recommended using cell phones only in cases of emergency, keeping phone calls short, and keeping cell phones away from children, who are most vulnerable to any possible negative effects.


text:
Businesses Close for 'Day Without Immigrants'
Latest News, Politics / Business, Donald Trump, General news, Illegal Immigrants, Immigration, immigration-nation, Philadelphia, Social affairs, Social issues, United States / By mar / February 16th 2017 February 16th 2017
Restaurants, stores, and other businesses across the U.S. will close Thursday in a show of support as immigrants boycott their jobs for A Day Without Immigrants. The strike will take place in cities including Philadelphia, Austin, and Washington, D.C., and is aimed at protesting the detention of undocumented immigrants throughout the nation. The demonstration will also take aim at President Trump's attempted crackdown on immigration, including his plans for a border wall with Mexico and his executive order that intended to ban immigrants from seven predominantly Muslim countries from entering the U.S. "From doctors to dishwashers, immigrants are integral to daily life in the U.S.," said Janet Murguia, president and CEO of National Council of La Raza. Several restaurants have announced that they will be closed ahead of time as a show of solidarity the protest. "We are all one," said celebrity chef and Spanish-American Jose Andrés, who is also embroiled in a lawsuit with Trump and will close his Washington, D.C. restaurant for the day. "We should not be fighting among each other. We should all be working together to keep moving the country forward."


Why do we wonder what's keeping us up at night?!
What else can you sweep under a rug without lifting it up to see what's under it?
Perchance, how many muddied rugs do you have?
If you have everything to lose why not go for it?
How do you play catch up when you are kept behind the starting line?
Are you still with the people?
Why do you run over so many of them?
Is there truly no time like the present?
But why are we tied down permanently?
Why do we wonder what's keeping us up at night?
Aren't we all on 101 types of caffeine intermixed?
There is one. I've taken it. But you have to be financially solid (ie, work and save during your pre-retirement years, and be lucky not to have too many crises) to be able to afford the rest of your life.
Even with good planning, we are all a couple of financial disasters away from worry.
Yes, there's always something to keep us awake.


Our goal is to provide a complete array of insurance protection for all of the exposures our clients face, including their boats and yachts.
Whether it is the family Boston Whaler or a super-yacht sailing international waters, we can help provide the advice and protection you need.
We will integrate the coverage you need for your yacht with your other personal exposure to risk or provide separate, customized protection if appropriate.


We have just finished assisting City of Casey with AM Planning framework.
We have completed Asset Hierarchy for Western Water.
Working on Lifecycle model review for Port of Melbourne.
Just completed Data and Report Frameworks and Specification for Nillumbik Shire.
Commenced the Buildings, Roads and Drainage AM Plans for City of Whitehorse.
Starting a review of Trility's Asset Management Capability for Mundaring WTP.
We have just finished assisting Westernport to achieve Attestation for the AMAF framework.
Levels of Service provide the basis for the life cycle management strategies and works programmes. Levels of service are refined over a period of time to manage the expectation of customers. This requires a clear understanding of customer needs, expectations, preferences and their willingness to pay for any increase in the levels of ..
The process of undertaking demand management is essential in managing issues being faced today as well as managing the impacts of changing demand into the future. The immediate threat of water shortages in Australia has been reduced by the introduction of education processes to curtail water consumption. The services provided in t..
Financial forecasting is used to provide organisations with a view of their potential liabilities and sustainability into the future. Depreciation is not explicitly funded for, but is included in the annual balance sheet and contributes to the annual profit or loss calculation. Some of the key assumptions or constraints relevant t..
Performance monitoring is the continuous or periodic quantitative and qualitative assessments of the asset's performance compared with specific objectives, targets or standards. The measurement of performance provides: Identification of areas for improvement Assistance in strategic-decision making Accountability to custome..
Lifecycle Management Services Odysseus-imc offers tailored lifecycle management services to organisations across a range of industries. Just as people have a lifecycle, so too do assets. The lifecycle process recognises the different functions undertaken during the life of an asset. The functions that occur during this lifecycle ar..
Odysseus-imc (pronounced o-dis-e-s) is a leader among asset management consulting firms. Melbourne based, our team has helped organisations across Australia improve their AM systems (asset management systems) and capabilities for the best outcomes – both internally and for their clients, consumers and communities.
Our mission is to assist our clients in delivering enhanced services while improving their internal asset management systems and capabilities. Whether you are a local council seeking a more effective infrastructure management strategy, a corporation requiring AM systems, or a private company requiring a business auditor for an asset valuation, our consultants can tailor a solution that helps you balance cost, risk and performance.
Founded in 2005, Odysseus-imc is a client-focused business dedicated to delivering value-added services for a reasonable fee. While we are based in Melbourne, we can offer our services to businesses throughout Australia, New Zealand and Overseas.
Our aim is to develop long-term relationships with our clients and support them through the asset-management improvement program. Our team stands by our clients from start to finish.
What sets us apart from many asset management consulting firms in Melbourne and across Australia is our considerable expertise. Odysseus-imc leverages off 35+ years of experience in infrastructure, coupled with 35+ years of experience in asset management.
Company director Sandy Muir has spent many years developing AM systems and processes being implemented by asset management specialists today. He is a principal author of the 'International Infrastructure Management Manual' , 'Optimised Decision Making Manual' and the WSAA 'Asset Data Guidelines'– all benchmark publications for the industry.
For more information, please don't hesitate to contact our Melbourne office by phone, email or online enquiry form.


Via Religion Clause, the budget proposal for fiscal year 2019 offered by the White House includes expansive federal funding for school choice programs. If enacted, the $1.1 billion initiative would funnel unprecedented sums of taxpayer money toward private school tuition including religious education as part of a school choice plan allowing parents to choose private and public school options. The White House proposal is the first step toward a planned $100 billion in federal and state school voucher funding.
As I have discussed many times here at the BJC Blog, (most recently here and here) school "choice" programs sound like an expansion of freedom, but in reality are no friend to religious liberty.


This past week most all of us celebrated Thanksgiving. The original Thanksgiving is known as a celebration of coming together after the a successful harvest. Most of us have moved away from direct ties to the harvest season, but Thanksgiving still celebrates a successful year. It has also morphed into a celebration of family. This has become more significant as our families have become more far flung. Often this is one of the few times we gather as family.
As I've mentioned here before, Easterday Construction Company is a family business. This has more than one meaning to me. While on one level, it references the ties I have to my great grandfather, Russell Easterday, who started the business, in my mind it also references my ties to the employees that have been here for year after year. Many ECC employees have been here for decades.
That longevity has benefits that translate into mutual knowledge in the way things are done and a confidence that you can't buy. On the flip side it adds responsibility when considering jobs and a sense of urgency for finding work to keep everyone working. Employees in a small family business are also family and often friends.
As with many holidays, Thanksgiving has become extended. We had Thanksgiving with family the weekend before and celebrated Thanksgiving with friends the weekend after. In a way, we'll be celebrating it with another group of friends we only see once a year next weekend. So, even though I'm a few days off the actual holiday, Happy Thanksgiving to and from everyone at Easterday Construction Co., Inc.!


Thirteen Greek extra virgin olive oils (EVOO) have been awarded amongst the most highly acclaimed olive oils in the world because of their success in international olive oil competitions in 2017.
In 2017, according to EVOOWR, "Greece won 213 awards in 13 contests" and obtained 13 "EVOO of the Year" distinctions. The Koroneiki variety received the most distinctions, while a number of flavored olive oils were also awarded.


Travel Riga - Prague with ECOLINES buses. Comfortable seats, tablet - movies, music. WC, WiFi, 220V, drinks - coffee, tea. 3 free bags. To find out ticket price and bus schedule, please visit the sales system.
-Ticket price for bus Riga — Prague in sales system by selecting the date and time of travel.
-Distance between cities Riga and Prague-1323 km.
-Average time on road in route Riga — Prague: 22 h 25 min.
-Time difference between the cities Riga and Prague - 1 hours.
You can save your time and buy ticket for bus Riga — Prague online or in one of our offices. When buying a ticket online you have to choose the route, departure date, number of passengers and click "Search". In the same way you can check seat availability on the route Riga — Prague. Buying a ticket for bus Riga — Prague is possible in 8 different currencies: EUR, PLN, BGN, RUB, UAH, GBP, CZK, BYN.
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text:
Szegedy Battles Back For Win At Lime Rock
Victory Also Makes Szegedy the New WMT Point Leader
Todd Szegedy battled back after losing the lead during on a pit stop and then making a pair of off-track excursions to win the NASCAR Whelen Modified 66/99 presented by Town Fair Tire at Lime Rock Park on Saturday.
It was a sweet win for the Ridgefield, Conn., driver - who led all but the last four laps before being relegated to second in last year's inaugural tour visit to the 1.5-mile, eight-turn road course. With his victory on Saturday, he took over the lead in the championship standings.
Szegedy, who had experience at Lime Rock in other racing series prior to his NASCAR career, dominated the early action on Saturday. He started from the pole in his No. 2 Wisk Detergent/A&J Romano Construction Ford and opened up a lead of more than two seconds early. However, he fell to fourth following a pit stop during a caution on Lap 44. He went off course twice during the last one-third of the race, but quickly recovered and set out after the leaders.
After moving up to second on Lap 60, Szegedy took the lead from Mike Stefanik a lap later and then pulled away from the field to win by a margin of 1.796 seconds.
"It got pretty dicey there, we got real tight with the new set of tires for some reason, it just wouldn't come in and I drove off the track twice," Szegedy said. "On that last restart I got a good restart and got by Justin Bonsignore and then I made a pass on Mike Stefanik in Turn 1. I had to out-brake him and out-down shift him. He ran me clean and I just had to hit my marks after that."
The win was Szegedy's 17th career victory and the third this season for the 2003 tour champion. Three wins and podium finishes in six of the last eight events have propelled him to the top of the standings, with 2,004 points over 1,992 for Ron Silk, who finished 15th on Saturday.
Stefanik finished second followed by Bonsignore, Richie Pallai Jr., and Ted Christopher. Rowan Pennink, Erick Rudolph, Eric Beers, Kevin Goodale and Patrick Emerling rounded out the top 10.
Saturday marked the best career finish for Pallai and the fifth-consecutive top-10 finish for Bonsignore, who has vaulted from 19th to seventh in the season standings since his first career win at Riverhead (N.Y.) Raceway in late July.
"We're still learning [road course racing] and every year we're going to get better and better," Bonsignore said from the podium at Lime Rock. "These guys [Szegedy and Stefanik] have done it a lot, but this is just my second time doing it, so I'm pretty proud.
"We've turned this season around since we got our first win and hopefully we can just build towards next year."
The race winner last week at Thompson (Conn.) International Speedway, Doug Coby looked poised to go back-to-back but wrecked while in the lead on Lap 55 and finished 18th.
The inaugural visit for the Whelen Modified Tout to Lime Rock had just one lead change, but Saturday's return engagement featured seven among five different drivers. Szegedy led a race-high 49 circuits.
The Lime Rock race marked the fourth of six-consecutive weeks of racing for the Whelen Modified Tour. The busiest portion of the 2011 schedule started at Bristol (Tenn.) Motor Speedway on Aug. 24 and will get a one-week break following Stafford (Conn,) Motor Speedway on Oct. 2, a stretch of six races in 40 days.
The next event on the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour is the New Hampshire 100 at New Hampshire Motor Speedway on Saturday, Sept. 24.
Todd Szegedy climbs out the Lime Rock winner and the new WMT point leader. (Rick Ibsen Photo)
Szegedy took the win for a second-straight year at LRP. (Rick Ibsen Photo)


text:
Q: BFS for arithmetic operations Convert a number m to n with minimum operations. The operations allowed were subtraction by 1 and multiplication by 2.
For Eg : 4 and 6. Answer is 2.
1st operation : -1 -> 4-1 = 3.
2nd operation : * -> 3 * 2 =6.
I am using BFS approach for a particular input (src=26, dst= 5) it is taking long time. Am I doing something wrong?
from queue_class import queue

class node:

    def __init__(self, value, level, parent):
        self.level = level
        self.value = value
        self.parent = parent

    def get_minimum_distance(src, target, q):
        if src == target:
            return 0
        seen_list = []
        data = node(src, 0, -1)
        q.enqueue(data)
        while not q.isempty():
            data = q.dequeue()
            if data == "sentinel":
                break
            if data.value == target:
                # let's print what has got me here
                while data.parent != -1:
                    print(data.value)
                    data = data.parent
                return "finally reached"
            if data.value in seen_list:
                continue
            seen_list.append(data.value)
            # two operations are allowed i.e. -1 and multiplication by 2
            # check if two numbers have opposite sign and if they have
            # then check if the current number being subtracted from is a negative
            # number. If it is, then there is no point subtracting 1 from that
            if ((data.value ^ target) < 0 and data.value > 0) or (data.value ^ target >= 0):
                q.enqueue(node(data.value - 1, data.level + 1, data))
                q.enqueue(node(data.value * 2, data.level + 1, data))
        return -1

q = queue(1 << 20)
print(get_minimum_distance(26, 5, q))

Queue implementation is done here.
Thanks to Paul:
Below is the code I came up with below code in python and it works perfectly.
def get_minimum_operations(src, dst):
    step = 0
    operations = []
    if src == dst:
        return 0
    if dst < src:
        return src-dst
    while dst > src:
        if dst & 0x01:
            step += 1
            operations.append("-1")
        dst = (dst+1) >> 1
        operations.append("*2")
        step += 1
    for i in range(0, src-dst):
        operations.append("-1")
    return (((src - dst) + step), operations)

src = 38
dst = 100
output = ""
(steps, operations) = get_minimum_operations(src, dst)
print(steps)
try:
    while operations:
        i = operations.pop()
        if i == "*2":
            if output == "":
                output += "(" + str(src) + "*2" + ")"
            else:
                output = "(" + output + "*2" + ")"
        if i == "-1":
            if output == "":
                output += "(" + str(src) + "-1" + ")"
            else:
                output = "(" + output + "-1" + ")"
except IndexError:
    pass
print(output)

A: Your algorithm is exponential, at each additional "breadth level" you add 2 new values for each value in the previous level. For example:
26                                                            (breadth = 0)
25, 52                                                        (breadth = 1)
24, 50, 51, 104                                               (breadth = 2)
23, 48, 49, 100, 50 (skipped because seen), 102, 103, 208     (breadth = 3)
22, 46, 47, 96, 48 (skip), 98, 99, 200                        (breadth = 4)
21, 44, 45, 92, 46, 94, 95, 192, 97, 196, 199, 400            (breadth = 5)

The solution for the case src=26, dst=5 is to subtract 1 until you reach 5, that takes 21 "breadth levels" = 21 operations. At that level both your queue and your seen_list will contain ~2^20 values; and for each value in the queue you do a linear search to see if it's present in the list, so that level will consist of 2^20 * 2^20 comparisons = 2^40 ~ 1 thousand billion comparisons. That takes time, and it's just the last level.
You should think of a better algorithm. For starters, if your current value is higher than the target, there is no point in doubling it as it will surely only add additional steps..
This consideration alone will reduce the number of steps for this case from millions to 21 (you'll just subtract 1 until you reach the target value, and this will happen in general when src > dest)

A: BFS is not exactly an option here, due to the exponential growth (2 ^ (n - 1) to 2^n trys are performed, where n is the number of required steps). Instead try to find logic rules for generating the required number.
Let a be the input-number and b the number that should be produced.
There are three cases:

*

*a == b, this case is trivial and just listed for completeness

*a > b, the solution is a - b times substracting by -1

*a < b: This is the more tricky part

The smallest number of operations requires the minimum number of multiplications and substractions. Substractions can easily be minimized due to the following fact: (a - 1) * 2 = a * 2 - 2. Thus we can easily reduce the number of substractions by any number that is a power of 2 by simply substracting before multiplying.
Since we can only substract and multiply, the minimum number of multiplications is min n => a * 2 ^ n >= b.
Using this fact we can determine the amount to substract: s = b - 2 ^ n * a.
The implementation would look like this in pseudocode  (can't provide python code):
//using the same variable-names as above in the description
minOp(int a , int b)
    //find minimum number of multiplications
    int n
    for(n = 0 ; a << n < b ; n++)
        noop

    //find amount to substract
    int s = (a << n) - b

    for(int i = 0 ; i < n ; i++)
        print("(")

    print(a)

    //calculate operations
    while(n > 0)
        //calculate number of times we need to substract here (minimization of substractions)
        while(s >= 1 << n)
            print(" - 1")
            s -= 1 << n

        print(")")

        //divide by two
        print(" * 2")
        n -= 1

    while(s >= 1 << n)
        print(" - 1")
        s -= 1 << n

    print(" = ")
    print(b)

This implementation aswell covers the cases a == b - with n = 0 and s = 0 - and a > b - with n = 0 and s = a - b.
A test-run in a java-implementation of the above would produce this output:

(((4) * 2 - 1) * 2 - 1) * 2 = 26

The simplification of the above calculation shows the idea behind this algorithm:
((4 * 2 - 1) * 2 - 1) * 2 = 26
(4 * 2 * 2 - 2 - 1) * 2 = 26
4 * 2 * 2 * 2 - 3 * 2 = 26
32 - 6 = 26

Thanks to @user3386109 for this explanation:
Assume that the start value is A, and the goal value is B. The first step is to create a list of target values starting at B, and proceeding by dividing by 2 (rounding up if necessary). For example, if B is 26, then the list of target values would be 26, 13, 7, 4, 2, 1. If the start value A is any of those target values, then you can easily climb to the goal B (by multiplying by 2 and subtracting 1 if necessary). If A is not one of those values, then you begin by subtracting 1 from A until you reach one of those target values. For example, if A is 6, then two subtractions are needed to reach 4, and then you climb from 4 to 26. If A is 12, five subtractions are needed to reach 7, and so on. Obviously, if A is larger than B, then all you do is subtract one until you reach B

A: This code hopefully implements the above-mentioned very efficient algorithm.
private static int solve(int n, int m) {

int steps = 0;
int cur = n;
ArrayList<Integer> arr = new ArrayList<>();

arr.add(m);
for (int i = 0; !arr.contains(1); ++i)
    arr.add((int) Math.round((double) arr.get(i) / 2));

while (cur != m) {
    if (arr.contains(cur))
        cur *= 2;
    else
        cur--;

    steps++;
   }

return steps;
}

Explanation::
Imagine a stair and starting from (n) you've got to reach its top (i.e: the number m), so you decided to make list of all the best steps to take, then you refer to the number you have and see if it exists in that list you made for an optimal solution, if it's there then you just follow the steps and you'll get the best solution, if not you'll have to align yourself to the optimal steps (say by subtracting 1) and then you're on the optimal track and vooooom to your destination.
For more: please, refer to the explanation in mr.paul solution up there explains this better.


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text:
Brownsville and Matamoros Mayors Meet Before the COVID-19 Crisis
Date: May 29, 2020Author: Nydia.O 0 Comments
NOTE FROM 5/30/2020 – It was inspiring to see the friendly and professional relationship between these two elected officials and the respect they have for each other. I know they will work together to combat the COVID-19 crisis on both sides of the border and wish them well sending positive energy their way.
This past Friday February the 28th, the Mayors of Brownsville and Matamoros got together for a candid conversation during the first edition of the Crossroads Festival in Brownsville. The panel discussion was part of a three-day program at the Camille Playhouse focused on important issues such as education, immigration, the environment, economic development and politics.
Maybe having grown up in the Matamoros and Brownsville area made me more receptive to this conversation. "These two cities may have many differences, but nobody can undo the blood ties that bind us said the Alcalde of Matamoros Mario Alberto López Hernández. His words sparked memories of those I know who married people from "the other side" and the many friendships I am blessed to have from both sides of the river. So many.
Brownsville Mayor, Trey Mendez, welcomed him and the audience to the event in very good Spanish. He emphasized on the importance of maintaining a strong relationship for the good of the region especially when it comes to trade. "Working together will ensure that our economies grow together," he said. Both like the idea of teaming up when competing for new investments in this field and expanding their focus to natural energy and the oil and gas industries.
"This festival was named Crossroads after discovering an old Brownsville Chamber of Commerce logo depicting a hemisphere map with arrows pointing to Brownsville from different directions for Brownsville is at the crossroads of the hemisphere therefore an ideal partner for international trade," said Mayor Mendez. Alcalde López Hernández said he is working at the federal level to bring the Mexico Customs General Administration offices to Matamoros.
For Alcalde López Hernández the area should be the number one port of entry. "We have what it takes because we have a port, three international bridges, and two airports. It is important to continue the project of a railroad bridge between the Port of Brownsville and Matamoros." He informed the crowd about a local, state, and federal multi- million-dollar investment to improve the quality of life of citizens living in 57 low income and marginalized colonias in Matamoros. Building new schools, parks, adding street lighting and paving streets are on the budget in addition to 10 acres that were purchased in Playa Bagdad to develop a beach-side park with sports fields, water park and zip lines.
While Mayor Mendez stated no concerns for safety and security due in part to collaboration with federal agents, for Matamoros Mayor this is a constant and pressing concern. The new Guardia Nacional should help improve things soon said Alcalde López Hernández.
When it comes to education, both mayors agree speaking English and Spanish in this area is a big cultural and economic advantage. They talked about reviewing the possibility of making English and Spanish the official languages of both cities. Most schools in Matamoros already teach English, and hopefully more programs will be implemented said Alcalde López Hernández. Mayor Mendez said most people living in Brownsville are bilingual. He believes language bestows the opportunity to embrace a different culture.
Many important issues were discussed; too many to list. What resonated with me the most, was to see that despite years of challenges, Brownsville and Matamoros continue the tradition of solidarity and respect. It is just one very large city with a river flowing between them. How appropriate it is to have the Crossroads Festival scheduled the days prior to the 87th Annual Charro Days Celebration. As many know, Charro Days celebrates the unique heritage and strong roots of Brownsville and Matamoros. For me, the celebration has been a pause in daily routine to remind us of who we are and especially, of where we live. In the early years, the border would open, meaning no document check, so families and friends could get together and have a wonderful time in Brownsville. These two cities truly have a sisterhood vibe and it was refreshing to listen to these leaders' friendly exchange. It was not difficult to notice the respect and sincere appreciation.
When asked where I'm from, I find it difficult to name just one city, for both sister cities influenced and impacted my life significantly. That two-name river: the Rio Bravo and Rio Grande, as magnificent as it sounds, has never divided my heritage, and like several of my family and ancestors, I also married someone "from the other side."
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text:
Finnish Scientists Find Two Genes Associated With Violence
Trending News: Study Uncovers Genes Associated With Violence
David Nield
Are you born a criminal or are you made one? A new study in Finland has reignited the age-old nature vs nurture debate.
Based on an examination of nearly 900 offenders, scientists in Finland have identified two genes that substantially increase the likelihood of violent criminal behavior. However, the researcher in charge of the study says they are by no means a guarantee that someone will go on to commit a crime.
An extensive study of criminals in Finland has identified two particular genes strongly associated with violent crime. The scientists working on the project said those with the genes were 13 times more likely to have a history of repeated violent behavior, and that 4-10% of violent crime in the whole country could be attributed to offenders with these particular genotypes in their bodies.
However, the researchers emphasized that this was not a green light to screen suspected criminals or a guarantee of violent behavior, because of the multitude of other factors at play. Other gene combinations in the body are likely to have an influence as well as the upbringing and social situation of the people in question. The study, which involved almost 900 participants, is being published in Molecular Psychiatry.
Professor Jari Tiihonen of the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden, who led the work, said that the majority of people with both these genes never go on to commit a violent crime, but the chance is greater. "Committing a severe, violent crime is extremely rare in the general population," he explained in an interview with the BBC. "So even though the relative risk would be increased, the absolute risk is very low."
The genes in question are the MAOA gene and a variant of cadherin 13 (CDH13). MAOA is responsible for controlling the levels of dopamine and serotonin in the brain, while CDH13 has previously been associated with substance abuse and ADHD. Deficiencies in the enzyme that MAOA produces are exacerbated when alcohol or drugs are involved — and the majority of crimes in Finland are carried out under the influence of one or both.
The discovery will help in the treatment of violent offenders and crime prevention techniques, but Professor Tiihonen says it's human choice rather than genetic makeup that determines whether or not someone becomes a criminal: "There are many things which can contribute to a person's mental capacity. The only thing that matters is the mental capacity of the individual to understand the consequences of what he or she is doing and whether or not the individual can control his or her own behavior."
Ask The Big Question: From criminal tendencies to intelligence, are we all at the mercy of the genetics that we've been born with?
Disrupt Your Feed: We should keep anyone with these genes on a watch list.
Drop This Fact: Finland is the eighth worst country (out of 170 with records) for incidents of gun crime.
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