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Chapter History
Anan Harmon DAR Chapter Committees
The majority of our work is done in various committees. We need your help and I'm sure you can find a committee highlighting your skills and interests. Click on the "+" for more information about the committee.
The NSDAR American Indians Committee is entrusted to the continuing education of the history and culture of this community as well as the support of the educational and cultural pursuits of its citizens.
The mission of this committee is to educate members about environmental issues and to promote and encourage good stewardship practices for a more sustainable future.
constitution week
The commitment of the NSDAR is to encourage study and educate the public about the Constitution, which was adopted by the American Congress of the Confederation on September 17, 1787.
dar school
The committee now supports six schools, two DAR Schools and four DAR approved Schools.
All of these schools were begun in rural and disadvantaged areas where public education was not accessible. The mission of these schools is to provide traditional values and educational skills to the students in order to help them reach their full potential in life.
DAR SCHOLARSHIPS
The primary purpose of the committee is to heighten awareness of the complexity of issues facing today's women.
The Women's Issues Committee is comprised of three categories:
The American Heritage Committee was established to preserve our rich American heritage in the fields of art and sculpture, crafts, drama and literature, fiber arts, and music. Members are invited to participate in the various contests conducted by this committee.
The purpose of the American History Committee is to promote American history throughout the year by honoring significant historical people, places, dates, and events. The committee also encourages chapters to promote American history in other ways; for example, by recognizing women in American history.
commemorative events
The Commemorative Events Committee identifies and plans local and regional commemorative events, and joins in celebrations that support the goals of the National Society.
dar good citizens
The DAR Good Citizens program is a wonderful way to recognize outstanding young people who exhibit the qualities of good citizenship in their homes, schools, and communities.
dar service for veterans
The DAR Service for Veterans Committee serves America's veterans. The committee provides a tangible way for DAR members to say "thank you" by acknowledging and recognizing veterans' service, sacrifice, and commitment to the preservation of our nation's freedom. Of special importance is the recognition of and appreciation for women veterans' service.
the flag of the united states of america
Over 100 years ago this committee was established to promote a deep patriotic sense of respect for our flag. So in 1909, NSDAR presented this committee with these principle objectives: to keep the flag flying and to protect it continuously under all conditions, as well as to educate citizens regarding its correct usage.
The National Defense Committee assists members in carrying out the historical, educational, and patriotic purposes of the National Society to promote an informed membership by advocating a strong American military defense and to preserve our American heritage of freedom.
Click on link below for additional information for:
Service to Veterans
Illinois State Organization Daughters of the American Revolution
ISONSDAR Click Here
Strength Through Service
National Society Daughters of the American Revolution
NSDAR Click Here
"Rise and Shine for America!"
The DAR Insignia is the property of, and is copyrighted by, the National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution.


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Gender balance is an important issue for Neuropsychopharmacology (NPP) and the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP), the organization that NPP represents. There is increasing awareness of the percentages of men and women represented in science faculty, academic organizations, and publication and editorial processes. This topic generates great passion and, as is often the case with complex issues, it is multifactorial in both cause and effect.
Gender balance in NPP function has not been previously explored in any depth. It is critical for to us to understand where we have been, where we are, and where our trajectory seems headed. To begin addressing these questions, we undertook a data-driven approach to characterize representation of men and women in journal function, defined here as processes in which editors, reviewers, and authors are engaged. Our foremost goal is to identify and address areas of imbalance with interventions to improve inclusivity while maximizing fairness. As an example, while it may be tempting to assume that there should currently be 50–50 gender representation in all aspects of journal function, developing policies to enforce such a balance without a broader understanding of gender demographics within our field (a hybrid mixture of disciplines including psychiatry, pharmacology, neurobiology, and others) might have unintended consequences that do more harm than good. The Senior Editors recognize the potential for unfairness in expecting the same amount of a work product (e.g., reviews) from an underrepresented group as would be expected from a group with more individuals. That expectation, even if well-intentioned, would lead to a "taxing" (over-burdening) of individuals in the smaller group and create the type of indicators (e.g., declined invitations, late reviews, low quality, or rushed reviews) that tend to work against success-related metrics required for advancement at NPP (and, in turn, the ACNP). We describe here our early findings: many NPP metrics are encouraging, especially when viewed over time, but there are areas where improvements are needed.
Detailed data sets reflecting reviewer demographics for NPP manuscripts became available starting in 2011, so this served as our earliest time point for analysis. For comparisons across full years, we examined 2011–2017. There was a transition to the present team of Senior Editors within this timeframe (in 2013). Some of the metrics we wanted to examine could not be reconstructed from historical (full-year) data sets, so special record keeping was enacted to enable analysis of more recent data (partial year). The interests and expertise of ACNP members are varied, and detailed demographics are not available for some subspecialties. Using the guiding principle that virtually any information we could glean regarding gender balance would be a valuable starting point, in the absence of demographics for all subspecialties, we used neuroscience demographics as a proxy. Recent estimates indicate that women represent 39% of tenure-track faculty in neuroscience [https://biaswatchneuro.com/base-rates/neuroscience-base-rates], so we used this value for base-rate comparisons. We considered tenure-track faculty as a criterion because NPP targets faculty-level researchers (rather than trainees) as reviewers and Editorial Board Members. To maintain the feasibility of this initial project, we considered data for Corresponding Authors only. Concerted efforts—including detailed on-line searches for the use of gender-specific pronouns on websites and/or photographs—were made to match an individual's given (first) name to their gender, as recommended [https://biaswatchneuro.com/base-rates/base-rate-calculation/]. We used the terms "Grouped as Men" and "Grouped as Women"—meaning that individuals were placed into one of these groups on the basis of the information available to us at the time—to acknowledge the possibility of inaccuracies despite our best efforts. Although our goal was to identify and describe qualitative (macro) trends, we ran routine statistics (e.g., ANOVAs, t-tests, Chi-square tests) on all data as appropriate, and report statistically significant differences in the text.
Senior Editors are responsible for managing, obtaining, evaluating, and disseminating research findings. In 2018, 43% are women (6/14) (Fig. 1a), whereas in 2011, 25% (3/12) were women. For the purposes of these calculations, the Editor-in-Chief (EIC) was grouped as a Senior Editor, but it is important to note that there has not yet been a woman EIC (journal launched in 1987). The Editorial Board is a collection of individuals who are considered (by the Senior Editors) to be leaders in the field and have a sustained track record of outstanding service to the journal, with respect to their scientific contributions or excellence (responsiveness, volume, timeliness, constructiveness) in their reviews. In 2018, 33% of Editorial Board Members (17/51) are women. In 2011, by comparison, 12.5% (6/48) were women (Fig. 1b). Balance in both of these metrics has improved appreciably over the 7-year span examined for this project.
By the end of 2017, the total number of women serving as reviewers and the total number of reviews completed by women increased nominally, to 34 and 33% respectively, compared to 30 and 29% in 2011 (Fig. 2a, b). At the same time, the overall numbers of reviewers and reviews decreased slightly—thereby making similar numbers reflect higher percentages—due in part increases in the number of manuscripts rejected without review. These values align with the gender balance percentages seen in the Editorial Board, suggesting a degree of correspondence between reviewer participation and appointment to this group. While there are more men in the reviewer pool (Fig. 2a), the average number of invitations to review per reviewer (Fig. 3a), the average number of acceptances to review (Fig. 3b), and the average number of declines to review (Fig. 3c) show balance and stability over time, with no statistically significant gender differences. Likewise, the average number of reviews completed are similar and stable (Fig. 3d), with no statistically significant differences, indicating that the average woman reviewer is not burdened by NPP reviewer duties any more than the average man reviewer. Women take longer to review (Fig. 3e) and submit fewer reviews on time (Fig. 3f). While the differences between genders are statistically significant by ANOVA and post hoc tests at several time points, their sizes are small (Cohen's d = 0.04–0.18). For example, in 2012 women took significantly more days to review and completed fewer reviews on time than men (P's < 0.05), but the actual values are 13.2 vs. 12.4 days to review and 52 vs. 58% reviews on time, respectively. The statistical significance of these differences may speak more to the large sample sizes, imbalance in group sizes, and/or low variability rather than their meaningfulness.
We used the most updated data possible to examine author demographics. Between January 1 and June 30 of 2018, 38% of corresponding authors of the 583 submitted manuscripts to NPP were women (Fig. 4a). (Note that many of these 583 manuscripts are still under consideration, precluding analysis of acceptance rates and making this a partial year analysis.) In 2017, the most recent full year for which all decisions have been rendered, 39% of accepted papers had women as corresponding authors (Fig. 4b). Both of these values align with the estimate (39%) of women faculty in the field, but considering that authors are often trainees, they fall short of the blended estimate for women faculty and trainees (45% in neuroscience). Gender balance among corresponding authors improved nominally compared to 2011, when 34% percent of corresponding authors of accepted manuscripts were women. Considering the similarities in proportions for both metrics, it seems unlikely that the gender of the corresponding author influences manuscript outcome. Nonetheless, we will continue to monitor submissions and acceptances throughout 2018 and report on these data in early 2019.
We sought additional insight on why representation of women on the Editorial Board lags further behind representation of men than it does in other metrics. Individuals are appointed to the NPP Editorial Board based on service as reviewers, as indicated by objective, data-driven metrics including number of manuscripts reviewed, days to complete reviews, and percentage of accepted invitations to review. Historically, the NPP Senior Editor team has prioritized these metrics because they reflect elements of efficiency in journal function that may enhance our ability to attract high-impact research reports, which was revealed via a recent survey as the highest priority for the ACNP membership. As such, any journal processes that tend to favor male reviewers—even if unintentionally—may have a by-product of leading to more men than women on the Editorial Board. We now have a better understanding of how both editors and authors make critical contributions to some of these processes. When authors submit a manuscript, they are prompted to list "Suggested Reviewers" and "Reviewers to Exclude". At NPP, Senior Editors are empowered to use these suggestions when assembling a team of reviewers. (We recognize that this is not true for all journals.) Because we frequently consider author suggestions in the review process, gender imbalance within the cohorts of suggested reviewers provided to us by the authors could be an important contributor to gender imbalance in reviewer demographics, which in turn leads to gender imbalance in representation on the Editorial Board.
To determine if author-initiated suggestions could be a source of gender imbalance in reviewers, we began examining patterns of author suggestions for all manuscripts submitted over the period of January 1–June 30, 2018. This required special record-keeping, so earlier data are not available. These data clearly show that both men and women more frequently suggest (and exclude) reviewers who are men (P's < 0.01) (Fig. 5a, b), although women corresponding authors are slightly more likely to suggest women as reviewers (P < 0.01). These findings may indicate that both genders recognize that the reviewer pool has more men and make suggestions that resemble the qualitative demographics of the field. It is important to emphasize, however, that the instructions on the submission portal simply direct authors to "list the names of 6 reviewers who are knowledgeable in [the] area and could give an unbiased review of [the] work", with no mention of other qualifying factors, leaving the process open to the interpretation—and potential implicit biases—of the corresponding authors who are making the suggestions. Regardless of the explanation for why both men and women list more men as reviewers in our open-ended suggestion system, the fact that it occurs in this way would be expected to lead to exactly the imbalance we currently face: more men than women serving as reviewers, and thus more men than women serving on the Editorial Board.
As of July 1, 2018, we have taken three explicit steps to improve reviewer balance. First, the EIC (WC) sent a written reminder to Senior Editors to more carefully consider gender balance when making reviewer assignment. Second, NPP has added more detailed instructions to the on-line submission platform to encourage authors to be more mindful of the suggestions they make, while being careful to not promote an impression that the Senior Editors want to receive anything other than the list that the authors want to provide: "NPP Editors wish to enhance diversity in all journal functions, including the composition of our reviewer pool, and emphasize that this is an opportunity for authors to participate in this process". Third, we have released some of the data described above on NPP social media accounts to broadly promote mindfulness and stimulate discussion among our readership active in this domain. We believe that if implicit bias is contributing to gender imbalances in journal function, then stimulating awareness of areas where it is especially likely to occur may reduce its impact.
We plan to continue to collect data on author suggestions for the period of July 1–December 31, 2018, to determine if these initial interventions are effective in improving the balance in suggested reviewers, before considering other potential options. One option would be to impose strict policies for gender balance in reviews. A concern is that enforcing this type of policy will invariably lead to longer review processes, because reviews would not proceed to their conclusion until the proper gender balance in reviewers was achieved. Protracted reviews are broadly unpopular among authors regardless of gender, especially considering that timely reviews can often play an important part in receiving grants and promotions. Early findings will be discussed at the ACNP annual meeting in December 2018 and the final data set will be released early in 2019. We want to minimize creation of burdens on faculty from underrepresented groups, but recognize that optimizing balance is a critical element of being type of journal that NPP aspires to be.
While in retrospect we wish we had begun our efforts to improve gender balance in journal function sooner, we are encouraged that the journal appears strong in numerous domains, with many metrics resembling estimates of gender balance in key NPP (and ACNP)-related fields. We have identified areas (e.g., gender balance on our Editorial Board) where improvements are needed, and implemented plans to mitigate areas of imbalance and to report on progress within the near future. Finally, we acknowledge that gender is only one demographic of which we need to be more mindful when considering balance in journal function. These are issues that will require teamwork and cooperation from our entire community to solve.
The concept for this article was proposed to the NPP Senior Editors by CJJ, who completed the project as part of an Editorial Internship. We thank NPP staff members Terri Bowen, Ania Bukowski, Lori Kunath, and Jennifer Mahar for providing the data in formats that would not reveal privileged information regarding manuscript decisions, and NPP Social Media Editor Gretchen Neigh for disseminating our early findings on journal accounts.
Correspondence to Chloe J. Jordan.


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OzTorah: Ask the Rabbi.
Rabbi Dr. Raymond Apple 20/10/2014	Comments Off on OzTorah: Ask the Rabbi. 2,833 Views
RETIREMENT.
Question. Is it a sin to give up work since the Torah says, "Six days shall you work"?
Answer. What is the status of the words, "Six days shall you work"? Is this a positive mitzvah in the sense that if you don't work you deserve to be punished? If this were the case, then not only would a retiree have a problem, but so would anyone who is out of work. How just would it be for the Torah to penalise a person who is looking for a job but can't find one?
Rabbi Eliyahu Dessler says in his "Michtav Me'Eliyahu" (using the approach of Moshe Chayyim Luzzatto's "M'sillat Yesharim"),
"Look at the lists of the commandments. Nowhere will you find an actual mitzvah of 'Six days shall you work'".
It is not that the Torah has no appreciation of the value of work. But work is not one of the 248 positive mitzvot. The Torah authorises work but with a limitation, as if it said,
"When you work, limit it to six days and leave room for Shabbat".
One might add that whilst work is important, it is not an end in itself. Work is a means – not an end. It enables people to support themselves and their family and to enhance the quality of civilisation and society… and is the way of enabling yourself to learn Torah.
FOLK GREETINGS.
Question. You recently said that phrases such as "Well over the fast" are somewhat strange. Do they really have no historical origins?
Answer. Though I attributed these and other phrases, including "Please God by you", to Anglo-Jewry, they seem to derive from the Yiddish-speaking environment in old Eastern Europe.
On the eve of the Yom Kippur fast, for example, there was a common phrase, "Ihr zolt hob'n a gring'n tonis" – "You should have an easy fast". I still argue, however, that this ignores the real purpose of the day, which is not to think so much of the stomach but of the soul.
The "Please God by you" greeting, which is the despair of unmarried people at a wedding, is also from eastern European origins and is part Hebrew, part Yiddish – "Im yir'tzeh HaShem bei dir" – "If God wills it, (there should be joy) by you". (Those who don't know what "Im yir'tzeh HaShem" means have been known to abbreviate the phrase to "Mitcham bei dir").
"By" has come into English as the result of Yiddish influence, producing phrases like "It's all right by me" and "By Judaism that's acceptable". In what some people call "Yeshivish" the word is now very common, e.g. "You'll eat by me this week!"
ADAM & EVE, CAIN & ABEL.
Question. I have two questions about the beginning of history. What did Adam and Eve really do wrong when they ate the fruit of the tree? What was the cause of the quarrel between Cain and Abel?
Answer. According to Nachmanides (Ramban), before eating the fruit of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, Adam and Eve lacked the power to make decisions. Like the heavenly bodies, they were like mere machines, programmed to function in a set way. By partaking of the fruit of the tree, their destiny changed for ever. They gained the power of decision-making and were now able to choose their path, whether moral or immoral. This therefore provides an origin for human free will.
The root of the quarrel between Cain and Abel in Genesis chapter 4:9 is not completely spelt out in the text. The Italian commentator Umberto Cassuto suggested that it harks back to verse 2, which says, "Abel was a feeder of flocks: Cain was a tiller of the ground", and that the quarrel indicates that there was always rivalry between the tiller of the soil and the shepherd which in subsequent generations became a well-known feature of folklore. Though Cassuto could find no specific literary evidence for this suggestion, later discoveries of Ugaritic texts lend support to his explanation.
Rashi says there are many Midrashim on the subject but does not elaborate in much detail. Seeking midrashic material, we find reports that the brothers were always at odds and their father thought it would separate them and quieten things down if each one followed a different occupation, but in the end the hostility could not be prevented. Another Midrash suggests that they argued over a girl; each son had a twin sister, and Cain desired the sister of Abel and sought any pretext to remove Abel from the scene.
Rabbi Apple served for 32 years as the chief minister of the Great Synagogue, Sydney, and was Australia's highest profile rabbi and the leading spokesperson for Jews and Judaism on the Australian continent. Now retired and lives in Jerusalem.
Blog: http://www.oztorah.com
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We can help all Americans have the opportunity that we all should have to achieve the American Dream.
We can build a future where we all do well and where our country is strong, safe, and successful, because we are all doing well. To succeed in creating Peace for our country, we need to very intentionally build and use a shared set of values as a country that can both bring us together as a people and that can both help guide our collective behavior and shape our collective sense of right and wrong going forward, as we work together to create a new culture of Peace and inclusion for America.
To succeed as a nation and as a people, we need to agree to be united as an American people by our shared values and by our shared beliefs.
We need to understand that we will all benefit from being on that path, united by those behaviors and aligned by those beliefs.
We Will All Do Well When We All Do Well.
We are all in this together. We need to recognize that fact to be true.
In very practical and important ways, we will all do well when everyone does well. We will do badly collectively as a society and as an economy, and we will do badly as a country if major subsets of our population do badly or fail.
Significant failures for any groups in this country can create a purely functional economic and societal drag at multiple levels that can pull the whole country into economic and functional distress and failure.
We All Gain When We All Gain.
There is great group gain to be had from having everyone being able to gain. When all parts of our country prosper, that full and shared national success obviously will create prosperity for all of us.
If we bring all of our people into the full benefits of the American Dream, the positive consequences of including everyone in the American Dream will make us richer, stronger, and safer as a country.
Those core beliefs should be clear. They should be explicit and they should be shared by all of us.
The basic list of key values proposed below isn't a long list. But it is an extremely important list. There are a dozen key beliefs included in that set of beliefs that we all share and that we all commit to using as the guides for how we live and how we collectively succeed.
1. Democracy needs to be at the top of that list. Democracy is key. Democracy defines us.
2. We need to believe in Equality and commitment to equality. No one is higher in than any of the rest of us.
3. We Believe In Inclusion. We need to believe in the value of being inclusive to all groups of people who are part of the great and diverse fabric of this country.
4. We Believe In Freedom. America is "the land of the free and the brave." Freedom is also an anchor attribute. We don't have the freedom to harm other people or to take the property or possessions of other people and we don't have the freedom to order other people to do what we want them to do or to tell other people how to think.
5. We Believe In Religious Freedom. We particularly need to support and protect our religious freedom. We treasure our freedom of religion. We each need to protect the right for each of us to have and to hold religious beliefs or to choose not to have religious beliefs — and we absolutely do not allow anyone to impose his or her religious beliefs or his or her lack of religious beliefs on any other person against the will of that other person.
6. Justice is another core belief that needs to anchor the shared belief system for the American Us. We need full justice under the law for all of us — with full protection of the law and with objective justice used to interpret the law and our accountability under the law.
7. We Believe In Accountability. We each need to be accountable for our own behaviors and for our lives. It is a good, ethical, and even noble thing to be accountable at a personal level. At the same time, we need to provide each other with a safety net so that if any of us are in need at a basic level, we are collectively accountable for making sure those needs are met.
8. We Believe In Merit. When people work hard and achieve success and build things and do things that create value for others, we believe in being a culture and a society where the person who has achieved and who has created that value then merits, benefits, and can receive both recognition, and reward for that achievement.
9. We Believe In Creativity, Invention, Innovation, And Continuous Improvement. In that same vein, we need to be a country and a culture and a society that celebrates, encourages, empowers, and enables creativity and innovation. The world we live in can only get continuously better if we have people in it who are continuously making it better.
10. We Believe In Honesty also needs to be a key value and a core belief for us as a people and as a culture. For us to successfully bring all of our groups together, we need to have intergroup trust and we need positive, beneficial, and trustworthy intergroup and interpersonal interactions. We need to be a culture where we can rely on the truth of our key interactions and where we can trust that the agreements we make are the agreements we honor.
11. We Believe In Human Dignity. We also need to clearly support human dignity. Each of us needs to respect each of us. Doing demeaning things to people needs to be something that doesn't happen to people in our society or in our nation.We need to celebrate each other's personal worth and we need to support and show respect for each of us as human beings.
12. We Believe In Win/Win Outcomes For All People. Our overall agenda — to succeed in the Art of Peace — needs to be anchored on win/win outcomes and on win/win belief systems.
All Groups Should Benefit From And Use These 12 Core Values.
We need those values to be actualized and real — and we need those values to be shared as behaviors and as beliefs.
We Need To Build On Our Wonderful Diversity — Not Eliminate It.
The Art of Intergroup Peace does not call for people from all of the diverse groups who make up the fabric of America to abandon their old group affiliations or to give up or eliminate their old group allegiances or identities. We need to build on our diversity — not erase it.
We Need A Shared Sense Of "Us".
The Art of Intergroup Peace does, however, call very directly for each and all of us to bring all of those old alignments consciously in to a new and additive large scale alignment.
The Art of Intergroup Peace calls for all groups to win. Intergroup Peace calls for victory for us all by making us all victorious. Win/win needs to be the action plan we use at this point in our history to give us the foundation we need for collective and intergroup success.
There are no losers in any setting if we all actually achieve Peace in that setting. We can do that best if we collectively understand the strategy and if we very clearly share in that commitment.
Share this post to help the learning process.
Use this post as a tool. This tool and the book The Art of Intergroup Peace are intended to be used as a tool with people who want to specifically align with the key areas and the key beliefs that need to be included in a new culture of Peace.
We need to discuss those issues with one another. We need to collectively understand what our core beliefs are — and we need to collectively commit to following those values as the functional template for our lives.
The sister books to The Art of Intergroup Peace — Primal Pathways, Cusp of Chaos, and Peace In Our Time each describe the basic packages of instinctive behaviors that are so functionally relevant to us in more detail. Those explain in more detail how those sets of instincts have structured our history and how they influence our behaviors and our intergroup interactions today.
This is the time to be doing that work. We are the people who need to do it.
No one else on the planet will do this work — and no one else can actually do this work — other than us.
With all of us making it happen.


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2020 Chevrolet Silverado 2500HD Review, Specs, Price
Rabu, 08 April 2020 Tambah Komentar Edit
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But the Silverado 3500 HD full-ton truck is exceptionally suited for paintings— heavy-obligation paintings. The 2020 Silverado 3500 HD outfitted with twin rear wheels and a 6.6-liter turbodiesel V-8 and new 10-velocity Allison transmission makes 910 pound-ft of torque, proper sufficient to tow 35,500 pounds. You may tow earthmovers with that, or storage full of vehicles, or a solid full of horses. Or more than one HD competitors. That's four hundred kilos greater than the further ready 2019 Ram 3500 HD, and greater than remaining year's Ford excellent duty, though Ford says the extremely good responsibility refreshed for 2020 will exceed 35,000 kilos as well.
At that weight, they're all quite comparable and especially capable. Chevy and its GMC Sierra mate still have some aggressive benefits although the numbers are quite similar. Silverado and GMC containers are a piece wider, and the mattress steps are the fine available on the market. The volume-promoting crew cabs are nearly 3 inches longer, with most of that space expanding the rear-seat legroom. Typical, Chevy improves on what it was already top at it with the maximum spacious cabin and mattress in the marketplace. The available trailering technology presents 15 different angles, which makes even first-time haulers feel capable sufficient.
The output is astonishing. The 6.6-liter turbodiesel V-eight with the Allison 10-velocity computerized transmission makes 445 horsepower and 910 pound-toes of torque at just 1,x a hundred rpm. Unladen, the HD diesel hauls something aside from cargo. It's pretty short in a direct line, transferring an awful lot extra like a light-duty than a heavy responsibility. Whilst equipped with twin rear wheels, optional turbodiesel, and rear-wheel pressure, it could tow 35,500 pounds (a boom of fifty-two percentage from the outgoing version). With the gasoline engine, twin rear wheels, and rear-wheel pressure, the Silverado 3500 can convey as much as 7,442 kilos in the mattress and cab. There's a giant 28-inch fan to chill the huge diesel engine, and the fan will run for up to fifteen minutes even if you kill the engine while it's still hot.
In case you're going to tinker with that engine, you would possibly want a ladder to get right of entry to what's below the vented hood. The fuel version is no slouch, either, even though it trails the competition via a small margin. The 6.6-liter V-8 gasoline engine with 6-pace automated transmission makes 401 hp and 464 lb-feet of torque at four,000 rpm.
The cabin is sealed from the and engine noise whilst cruising, whilst the unbiased front suspension and stiffer frame smooth out road imperfections, making it a softer, gentler, easier trip. Leaf springs inside the rear are extra solid while hauling, and bouncy while unladen. Overall, we provide it an 8 for the elastic dual overall performance of being capable of haul the heavy load but also cruise the motorway in quiet.
The variations in the back of the wheels of the 2500 HD models largely comes right down to the transmissions. Towing approximately 12,000 kilos uphill inside the Cascade Mountain range with the fuel engine at an altitude of approximately 7,500 feet, the 6-pace has to maintain gears longer and paintings more difficult to get the max 464 pound-toes of torque at 4,000 pm. Even as coasting on the manner down that identical grade in tow-haul mode, engine braking stored it at about four,500 rpm until it leveled out.
Pulling a load from a prevent isn't any problem, thanks in element to the better compression ratio and the expanded displacement from 6.0-liters inside the outgoing gas version. One hard brake occasion downhill earlier than a ninety-degree turn supplied plenty of confidence to do it once more.
Even if hauling heavy loads in the gas and diesel models, the tail did now not wag the canine and the steering stayed focused on instantly roads. Turning from a divided highway to an unmarried lane USA lane required a huge berth to save you the trailer from clipping a corner, but it was surprisingly smooth due to the fact the steering stayed authentic to the supposed perspective. We even did a turnaround in a horseshoe-formed parking lot ringed with motors without trouble. And that turned into our first time hauling this sort of load.
Just like the 2019 Silverado 1/2-ton, Chevy didn't innovate as a great deal within the creature cabin comforts as it did anywhere else on the 2500 HD. That's now not necessarily a horrific component, as acquainted switchgear and placement should trap modern Chevy proprietors to upsize to an HD. The undecideds may just like the exceedingly straight forward interface of the steerage wheel controls and slender 7.0-inch touchscreen, that's the best small issue within the truck.
The drawback is it doesn't feel as fresh or modern because the Ram 2500, and if you're allotting $70,000, you may want that new car vibe. The HD is available in 5 trim degrees, starting with the access work Truck at $38, alf, along with the ination. We'll use the group cab with a despread bed in RWD with the fuel engine as a factor of assessment for the trims.
The custom trim is $42,395 and the LT is $43,395. The LTZ trim makes a massive soar in features and rate at $52, half. Then there are the variety and rate topping excessive united states at $ sixty-two,695. Four-wheel drive adds approximately $2,000, and the diesel provides about $10,000. For a normal fee, we propose the LT with four-wheel drive in team cab and popular mattress for $46,195. Get the diesel ($56,1/2) for frequent towing of heavier masses.
The trouble is even on the high priced LTZ trim, Chevy goes to upcharge the to be had features instead of which include them within the high fee point. The trim upgrades, then, are often aesthetic with nicer substances. The available capabilities are wonderful; the standard functions are not. That's why it most effective receives a 5.
The maximum excellent available characteristic is the advanced trailering system, which makes use of 8 available cameras to undertaking 15 distinctive camera angles. Two of the cameras would want to be hooked up in the trailer and on the rear, whilst a 3rd digital camera will be the rear mirror digicam. Even without those, there are eyes everywhere, such as a superb transparent trailer view that indicates tailgaters you wouldn't be able to see in any other case. The facet digicam view, activated with the aid of steering wheel function or turn signal indicator, indicates the blind spots on each side, then calibrates it from a 50/50 view to 60/40 to eighty/20 primarily based on steering wheel function, so you can see the trailer frame and wheels whilst turn. Split-view angles, which include a birds-eye split with a front projection, assist what you can't see right in the front, together with a parking block.
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She travelled and filmed in more than 50 countries and into the depth of underwater caves on 5 continents.
And it is through her lectures that she inspires her audience, to go beyond the discovery of our beautiful blue planet. To learn a little more how we can live in harmony with our own environment, to be healthier and happier. The more I travels the world, the more I realize the multitude of small gestures that we can pose to change the health of our close environment.
After all those incredible adventures, she realized that the extreme exploration was just a few street away from home. Who really knows what lies in the water of the St Lawrence river? Who knows the wild life surrounding citizens in big cites? And mostly what about water? Daily we turn on the tap of water, but what do we really know about it? Whatcan we do more to preserve it in order to have a better living and healthy environment?


Huaiyang cuisine, as an epitome of Jiangsu cuisine, was originated in the areas surrounding Huai'an and Yangzhou, and featured on the menu of the royal courts. Even today, most dishes served at state banquets can be identified as Huaiyang cuisine, so Huaiyang cuisine is also known as the national dish of China.
In golden autumn, Nanjing, the provincial capital of Jiangsu Province (once known as Jinling. the capital of ancient China for six dynasties), is suffused with the gentle sweet scent of osmanthus blossoms. Such an inviting fragrance has been incorporated in a variety of dishes as a result of the ingenuity of the people of Jiangsu. Among others, sweet dumplings in osmanthus-flavoured fermented rice, osmanthus- flavoured steamed lotus root stuffed with glutinous rice, taro in osmanthus syrup, osmanthus and lotus-root cake, and osmanthus and pine-nuts candy are all very popular. Of course, there is also osmanthus-flavoured duck, which is the favourite dish for the people of Nanjing. See how osmanthus blossoms, a tiny flower, can transform itself into such a vital and marvellous ingredient and help create so many dishes. This proves that Jiangsu is not only a beautiful coastal province, but also a gourmet paradise.
The origins of all ancient civilizations can be traced back to the basin of a mighty river, so can the birth of food and drink cuiture in Jiangsu. Jiangsu cuisine established itself during the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties; during the Tang and Song Dynasties economic development spurred the growth of China's food industry; during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal linked northern and southern China, connecting the four famous cities at that time: Huai'an, Yangzhou, Suzhou and Hangzhou. Except for Hangzhou, all of the other three cities were located in Jiangsu Province, and the Yangtze River also ran through the city of Nanjing. Thus, Jiangsu cuisine spread rapidly via the Grand Canal and along the Yangtze River. Local cuisines, such as Huaiyang (short for Huai'an and Yangzbou) cuisine, Jinling cuisine, Suxi (short for Sumou and Wuxi) cuisine, and Xuhai (short for Xuzhou and Haizbou) cuisine, merged and blended to become Jiangsu cuisine, one of China's four major cuisines that have come to dominate the culinary heritage of China and one of the two great pillars of "Southern Food" in China.
In a sense, we are what we eat. As "a land of fish and rice", Jiangsu is richly endowed by nature with an abundance of foodstuff, ideal for creating its superb cuisine that has enabled its people to live an easy and enjoyable life. The characteristics of Jiangsu cuisine are also similar to the temperament of the land-fresh, balanced, tolerant and patient; requiring precise knife skills and exquisite style of food presentation. As far as flavour is concerned, a single bite of the food is sufficient to conquer anyone's taste buds. The sub-regional Huaiyang, Jinling, Suxi, and Xuhai cuisines all have their own characteristics, but as a result of historical movement of people, these cuisines have taken on each other's traits. Let's start with the most mouth-watering of them all, Jinling snacks.
"Lift gently, move slowly, drink the juice leisurely, and eat the wrapper lastly." This is the knack for eating Jinling-style tangbao, or steamed soup buns. This particular type of bun tastes best when eaten straight out of the steamer as it will not taste as good when it cools down. This is because the bun filling will become dry and taste not as smooth once the wrapper absorbs the juice from the filling; moreover, the wrapper then tends to break easily and it just won't hit the spot when the soup inside is gone. In order to make the buns juicy, it is necessary to prepare transparent meat jelly from concentrated stock. The jelly is then cut into small pieces before being mixed into the filling. When steamed, the jelly in the filling melts to make the soup bun. The perfect bun is egg-sized with a paper-thin wrapper. When eating a soup bun, you can lift it with your fingers or chopsticks, and place it in a vinegar saucer. Then the juice can be sipped from the bun, filling your mouth with flavour. If you don't eat it right, the soup will spill all over your clothes. Do you want to know how refined you are? A soup bun eating test will let you find out.
As the capital of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing is where snacks from around the province try to outshine each other. The Confucius Temple neighbourhood in particular is the go-to place for Nanjing snacks. Shredded dried-tofu soup, crumbly sesame-seed cake, fried beef pot-stickers, deep-fried tofu in chicken soup, plum flower pudding, sweet lotus-root porridge, etc. are all local favourites that can be eaten as main meals or as light snacks in a tea house. The shredded dried-tofu soup uses a specially prepared dried-tofu. After it is sliced and boiled in water or chicken stock, the shredded tofu can be seasoned with sesame oil, soy sauce and other ingredients to produce different varieties of soup, with such flavours as chicken, bamboo shoot and black mushroom. Among all the different varieties of sesame-seed cakes in Nanjing, Yellow Crab Shell is the most acclaimed. Shaped like a crab shell, with layers of pastry seasoned with duck/pork lard and ground pepper, this cake is thin and crispy, and smells great too. When you hear the sweet and silky call of a street vendor: "Tang zhou … ou!", that means they are selling sweet lotus-root porridge, a favourite among children. Sweet lotus-root porridge is glutinous rice porridge mixed with brown sugar and served with thin brown slices of boiled lotus root. It is aromatic, appetising and helps to maintain one's beauty and youth.
the duck is the most representative of all Nanjing specialty foods. All kinds of vacuum-packed duck gizzard snacks are sold in supermarkets, and delis found on almost every street corner will stock osmanthus-flavoured duck, roast duck, stewed duck tongue in soy sauce, etc.
Undoubtedly, the duck is the most representative of all Nanjing specialty foods. All kinds of vacuum-packed duck gizzard snacks are sold in supermarkets, and delis found on almost every street corner will stock osmanthus-flavoured duck, roast duck, stewed duck tongue in soy sauce, etc. As a traditional salted meat, osmanthus- flavoured duck is the best of all salted ducks in Nanjing. Boiled salted duck has been a regional delicacy in Nanjing for more than a thousand years and can be made throughout the year. However, the salted duck tastes best when made during the osmanthus blossom season. That is why it is called osmanthus-flavoured duck, for you can taste the sweet scent of osmanthus blossoms in the delicately flavoured duck meat. Duck blood vermicelli soup is also a famous local snack in Nanjing. Duck bones are first stewed on low heat to make a soup, then duck blood, intestines and liver, and vermicelli arc added to the soup. It can be further embellished by a handful of green coriander to complement the cream-coloured soup, adding to the fresh aromas. This is typical Jiangsu cuisine: fresh and delicious, aromatic and tender, with well-balanced flavours and hints of sweetness in an otherwise savoury dish.
After trying Jinling snacks, many people exclaim: "Jinling snacks are worth dying for!" What they mean is that Jinling snacks are so delicious that they are ready to give up everything to eat them!
As an epitome of Jiangsu cuisine, Huaiyang cuisine originated in the areas surrounding Huai'an and Yangzhou, and featured on the menu of the royal courts. Huaiyang cuisine became world renowned for being served at the very first state banquet at Beijing Hotel in celebration of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Even today, most dishes served at state banquets can be identified as Huaiyang cuisine, so Huaiyang cuisine is also known as the national dish of China.
Situated in a region with more rivers and lakes than mountains, Huai'an and Yangzhou do not produce such delicacies as sea cucumber, abalone, edible bird's nest or other wild foods. Despite this, the local people have used their ingenuity to make full use of local ingredients and, by employing intricate cooking techniques, have turned the common shrimps and crabs into widely recognized dishes and made Chinese yams and edible wild herbs feature on the menu of state banquets.
It is no exaggeration to say that Huaiyang cuisine is the most effective test of a chef's competence. Long fish, or rice-field eel, a specialty of Huai'an, can grow to about one foot long and as thick as a finger. Amazingly, this small eel can be used to make an eel banquet in Huai'an, with as many as 108 dishes, in different flavours and all containing the eel.
Located on the north bank of the Yangtze River and right next to the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, Huai'an and Yangzhou are at an important crossroad. This area has been renowned for its plentiful agricultural produce since antiquity, and its regional cuisine has evolved significantly, drawing on the strengths of schools of cooking from the north and south of China. The cuisine is known for its refined presentation, delicate knife skills, and light taste. It focuses on the flavours of the ingredients with the aim of maintaining good health. Huai'an and Yangzhou chefs excel in making delicacies using ordinary ingredients.
The ingredients for Huaiyang cuisine are very common and easily available, so it is up to the chefs to maximise the flavour of the ingredients with their culinary skills. It is no exaggeration to say that Huaiyang cuisine is the most effective test of a chef's competence. Long fish, or rice-field eel, a specialty of Huai'an, can grow to about one foot long and as thick as a finger. Amazingly, this small eel can be used to make an eel banquet in Huai'an, with as many as 108 dishes, in different flavours and all containing the eel. The care in the 58 use of ingredients and strict requirements for the skill of the chef both contribute to the prestige and popularity enjoyed by Huaiyang cuisine. It is no wonder that, in the Qing Dynasty, recommending good chefs, instead of giving gifts, was a common practice in Huai'an among officials, relatives or friends.
Huaiyang cuisine is fresh and natural, like a pretty girl of a small well-to-do family. Of course, it also has some grand dishes, and a typical example is Crab-flavoured Lion's Head-a large meatball. To prepare the meatball, pork and water chestnuts are finely diced into mince, and crab meat is then added The ingredients are mixed and rolled into a large meatball the size of a big apple. These meatballs are tender and smooth, rich but not greasy, and can be cooked in different ways: braising, steaming, quick-boiling and frying. Owing to their large size and round shape, they are known by their nickname Lion's Head, and usually occupy a whole plate by its own. And, of course, smaller meat balls, the size of a pigeon egg, can also be made. These can be embellished by a roll in glutinous rice before steaming them. When they are served the rice is saturated with the aroma of the meat and appears translucent looking like a layer of pearls, as befitting its poetic name-Pearl Meatballs.
Can you believe that a vegetarian ingredient can be cooked to taste like meat? Have a taste of shredded dried tofu in chicken soup, a dish that is very demanding on knife work-the shreds of dried-tofu are so thin that they can be pulled through the eye of a needle. The other ingredients of the soup are shredded chicken breast, shelled fresh shrimps and ham, depending on the season. The flavours of the different ingredients are brought together with chicken soup and are absorbed by the tofu. AB a result, each strand of tofu is delicious and refreshing in taste. AB a signature dish of Huaiyang cuisine, shredded dried-tofu in chicken soup looks ordinary, but brings surprise, admiration and gratitude to guests at the dinner table. This is perhaps the very philosophy of gourmet cuisine-bringing culture and tender feelings to the dinner table.
In addition to the aforementioned Huaiyang cuisine, household banquets in Huai'an are also known for their distinctive styles. Since antiquity, Huai'an women have had to learn cooking skills at an early age and master several unique dishes so as to take good care of their own family when they start their own family. As a result, homemade dishes have gradually come to the fore and are in no way inferior to those prepared by court or restaurant chefs.
Among all the homemade foods, my favourite is rice crust. During my childhood, rice was usually cooked in a large cauldron or pot on top of an earth stove. At the very moment the rice was ready, Grandma would always stuff some extra firewood into the stove to make the bottom layer of the cooked rice a little burnt. When the rice was taken out of the cauldron, a layer of aromatic rice crust would appear at the bottom. It would be left in the pot for about two minutes on a slow fire and cooking oil would be dropped along the rim of the rice crust. As the oil sizzled, the rice crust would separate from the cauldron and with a slight nudge, it would come out in the shape of a big straw hat. Grandma then would sprinkle a spoonful of white sugar on the crust, and the children would fight over the shiny, crisp, fragrant and sweet "big straw hat", and soon it would be gone. None of them would show any interest in the bowls of rice.
The ingredients of Huaiyang cuisine mainly consist of freshwater produce, poultry and ordinary vegetables. Whether cooked in a fancy restaurant or on top of a kitchen stove at home, these delicious dishes are easily accessible and are always refreshing with a hint of sweetness.
Grandma was an ingenious cook and she often placed sesame seeds on the meatballs before frying them, making the meatballs even more delicious with the aroma and crispiness of the sesame. Sometimes, while stewing a pot of small fishes, she would paste a ring of dough along the inner edge of the pot, and the fish stew would splatter over the dough from time to time. When the fishes were cooked, the dough would become pancakes or pot-stickers, of which one side would be crispy and delicious, while the other side soft and glutinous after being saturated in the fish stew. In fact, the pancakes were even more delicious than the fish stew. This homemade dish is known as Small Fish with Pot-stickers.
Cattails as tall as a man can easily be found along the river bank in the Chinese countryside. As they grow microphone-like spikes, they are also nicknamed "water candles". In early summer, if you pull out the cattails and peel them, you will be left with their white tender roots known as pucai. When cattail roots are stir-fried with dried shrimps, it be comes the famous dish Cattail Roots with Shrimps. Grandma liked to make a soup with cattail roots, adding some flour or tofu. The soup satisfied my small stomach and has kept my heart warm over the years. When dried, the cattails can be used to weave sandals, bags, mattresses, rain hats and capes. The dried cattail spikes, once lit, become natural mosquito-repellent incense. Playing with dried cattail spikes, the children would be safe from mosquitoes. So you see, every single part of this ingredient can either be eaten or used without any waste. That is how we should show our gratitude to the land that feeds and clothes us.
The ingredients of Huaiyang cuisine mainly consist of freshwater produce, poultry and ordinary vegetables. Whether cooked in a fancy restaurant or on top of a kitchen stove at home, these delicious dishes are easily accessible and are always refreshing with a hint of sweetness. Huaiyang cuisine continues to innovate to this day, while its influence has spread afar. Crabs from Lake Hongze and crayfish from Xuyi County of Huai'an City have become popular across the whole of China. Small Fish with Pot-stickers can be found in China Towns abroad and even the National Huaiyang Cuisine Cultural Museum opened in the City of Huai'an. The list goes on. Perhaps, the reason why we reminisce about the flavours of food is that it has always been inextricably linked with culture.


Exercise is known to offset many physical side effects of Parkinson's disease (PD). A recent pilot study suggests that early exercise also can reduce depression symptoms among individuals with PD.
A study of 31 patients randomized into an early exercise start group and a delayed start group found that patients in the early start group scored "significantly better" on the Beck Depression Inventory, according to the research published in Parkinsonism & Related Disorders ("Effects of a formal exercise program on Parkinson's disease" - January 20, 2014).


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Iraqi President Meets World Bank's Delegation: Iraq Heads Toward Achieving National Economic Reform, Promotion of Investment and Works to Support Private Sector and Curb Corruption
On Wednesday, June 2, 2021, the President of the Republic of Iraq, Barham Salih met with the World Bank Group Vice President for Middle East and North Africa, Mr. Ferid Belhaj and alongside his delegation. The meeting was held at al-Salam Palace in Baghdad.
Conversation underlined the importance of promoting cooperation between Iraq and the World Bank, while placing emphasis on the need to support efforts that aim to undertake fiscal reforms and work toward improving economic structure, curb corruption and recover stolen funds, where these could be achieved through having further international collaboration and coordination.
The two sides agreed that it is essential to support investment, private sector, and advantage should be taken of human wealth, especially the role of the youths in establishing the country's sustainable economy.
President Salih said that the government goes ahead toward economic reforms, addressing the structural imbalances in our national economy, curbing corruption and recovering stolen funds through having further coordination with international efforts.
There is a need to provide the basic needs for a decent life to Iraqi citizens as well as ensuring adequate living conditions for them, he added.
It is therefore, challenges related to economy, climate change and protection of the environment should be addressed as they are urgent priority for achieving sustainable development, where these can be realized by having further coordination and sharing the international experience, the President underlined.
Mr. Belhaj hailed Iraq's partnership with the World Bank and encouraged its further promotion. He reiterated the World Bank's commitment to supporting Iraq in its new trajectory that was taken to hold deepening economic reforms over the country. The World Bank stands ready to provide Iraq with assistance and advice in order to move forward in achieving its goals that it seeks for.
To read the full article from , click here.


Lowell Blair Nesbitt was a painter and sculptor from Baltimore, Maryland. He studied fine arts in Philadelphia, and also at London's Royal Academy. By the age of 25, Nesbitt had earned the distinction of a solo show of his abstract paintings at the Baltimore Museum of Art. Encouraged to explore realism by his friend, the artist Robert Indiana, Nesbitt created a series of large scale botanical works, which earned great praise when shown at the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington in 1964.
Nesbitt's work was celebrated as part of the New Realist movement, although he resisted any attempt to classify his work as photorealism. He was included in Aspects of New Realism in the Contemporary Arts Museum, Houston in 1969, had a solo show at Zurich's influential Gimpel and Hanover Gallery in 1972, and with gallerist Isy Brachot in Hyperrealisme in Paris in 1973.
By 1976, due to the popularity of his work, Nesbitt had become extraordinarily wealthy and purchased a 12,500 square foot former-stable at 389 W. 12th Street in New York, renovating the property to become a studio, as well as including an indoor swimming pool, an outdoor entertainment area on the roof, and a four-story atrium. Unsurprisingly, the address became a popular gathering place for artists: Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Robert Indiana, Jasper Johns, Robert Motherwell, Larry Rivers and James Rosenquist were all regular visitors. The space was so spectacular that it featured in articles in the New York Times, the Washington Post and in Architectural Digest.
Nesbitt's paintings were featured on a set of four stamps issued by the US Postal Service, and he was the official artist for NASA's Apollo 9 and 13 space missions.
The Onnasch Gallery in Berlin, a hugely important enterprise championing of the most significant American artists, held a solo exhibition of Nesbitt's work in 1982, by which time the list of his paintings in public collections had grown to over fifty.
In 1989 Nesbitt's friend, the photographer Robert Mapplethorpe was offered a solo show at the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington DC. The works he proposed to exhibit were so sexually suggestive, that the US Congress became involved and the Corcoran cancelled the show. Outraged by such censorship, Nesbitt made it known that he had planned a $1.5m bequest to the Corcoran, which he would revoke if they did not relent and show Mapplethorpe's chosen works. The Corcoran did not relent, and Nesbitt bequeathed the funds to the Phillips Collection instead.
After Nesbitt's death, the West 12th Street property was purchased by the fashion designer Diane von Furstenberg.
Nesbitt's work is held in the collections of MoMA, the Art Institute of Chicago, Dallas Museum of Fine Arts, Fogg Art Museum, the National Gallery of Art in Washington, the Thyssen-Bornemisza collection and the Vatican, amongst others.


Attiny is a microcontroleur that could replace an arduino or lilypad for simple action or to save space make element tiny.
Attiny is like a lilypad, you need to program it using arduino software and the computer and upload the code on it.
To upload the code you need a programmer like this one.
The connection on the attiny are different than the lilypad.


text:
@interface BTHDMBid (Api)

- (NSString *)getPreSignHashAndError:(NSError **)err;

- (NSString *)changeBidPasswordWithSignature:(NSString *)signature andPassword:(NSString *)password andHotAddress:(NSString *)hotAddress andError:(NSError **)err;

- (NSString *)changeBidPasswordWithSignature:(NSString *)signature andPassword:(NSString *)password andError:(NSError **)error;

- (void)save;

- (NSArray *)createHDMAddress:(NSArray *)pubsList andPassword:(NSString *)password andError:(NSError **)err;

- (NSArray *)recoverHDMWithSignature:(NSString *)signature andPassword:(NSString *)password andError:(NSError **)err;

- (NSArray *)signatureByRemoteWithPassword:(NSString *)password andUnsignHash:(NSArray *)unsignHashes andIndex:(int)index andError:(NSError **)err;
@end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The WVM team digs deep, searching for worldview ore while seeking to avoid various industrial accidents and religious charlatans. We think the Biblical covenant has shown us how to take a Plain-view of modern media, every day of the week and twice on Eli Sunday, using a long straw to drain the whole milkshake.
In the first segment, we gave overall impressions. Joyce was not a fan. Gordan found aspects of the movie fascinating, but ultimately unsatisfying.
2. We noted the lack of a conventional musical score. Gordan had a theory, which may require further testing, that the prevalence of discord and dissonance in the background music actually changed and came into harmony when the main character acted out (in terms of his sociopathic nature.) Joyce suggested that the music may be meant to mirror the man's emotional state.
3. We talked about the names of the two major characters, Daniel Plainview and Eli Sunday, and speculated that the names themselves are meant to be revelatory with regard to the characters themselves. For all of his obvious ( and disturbing) flaws, Plainview sees "plainly" many things. He knows what he wants and focuses upon it over the course of decades. He sees something of the true nature of people as people. And, significantly, he plainly sees through Eli Sunday, right from the beginning of their relationship. Eli ("Elijah," the prophet) Sunday (the big churchy day of the week) is, coincidentally, a self-styled prophet who starts his own church. If that strikes you as a little "bonk, bonk on the head," you are right.
4. It is a long movie for the modern era, at just over two and a half hours, and a lot of that is occupied with unusual periods without dialog, as well as lulls in the plot that frankly border on the unbearable.
5. The acting was very good. Daniel Day-Lewis made Daniel Plainview compelling even though not sympathetic. The portrayal of Eli Sunday was also sufficient to make us all root for his downfall as a monstrous charlatan.
Again, Joyce was not a fan. Neither was Gordan, to be honest, but he appreciated the film's obvious attempts at thinking outside the box and being something different than Hollywood's normal spewage.
After the break, we began thinking in terms of the Biblical 5-point covenant structure.
Point One: TRANSCENDENCE. The film does not point to a divine being of any sort. The closest we get to an overarching, organizing principle is the "Pursuit of Power" as an end that justifies all the means employed to get there.
Point Two: REPRESENTATION (or, Hierarchy). The two main men who strive against one another throughout the film, Plainview and Sunday, both embody the Pursuit of Power principle. They simply go about their individual quests by different models. The former uses oil prospecting and ruthless business practices; and, the latter uses religious huckster-ism. They're both happy to use violence when they can, or when they can get away with it.
Point Three: ETHICS. As above, we agreed that the value system in the movie justifies any and all actions taken in pursuit of personal power and influence. We asked our normal question regarding major ethical crises encountered by our characters and how they dealt with them. Plainview is confronted throughout the film with the challenge of dealing with his son, H.W.. (Who may or may not be his actual son…) He has, on some level at least, genuine love for the boy, but not enough to prevent him from using the child as a prop that would help with his sales pitches. He wants to help the boy after H.W. loses his hearing in an accident, but not so much that he is willing to divert or delay his ultimate quest for power. He boils with murderous rage whenever his dealings with H.W. are questioned at all. He is also confronted with what to do about a genuinely helpful friend who is eventually exposed as having deceived him. The man admits his scheme and begs for his life, to no avail. Plainview is also willing at one point to publicly deny his own basic beliefs about reality, in order to further his business goals.
Point Four: SANCTIONS Do the characters get what's coming to them, within the boundaries of the covenantal world that has been established here? For Plainview, the answer is yes. He achieves all of his goals. And, though he winds up losing everything that a lot of people might consider important (close relationships, sanity, that sort of thing) those goals are worth absorbing those losses, in his mind. As his goals justify all of his actions, they also justify the cost.
Eli Sunday's ignominious end was interesting from a Sanctions/Oaths standpoint. As a false prophet, the Biblical law demands his death, which he got, though not justly (through the application of public righteousness in civil law.) But the irony here is that, just before his death, he is willing to repeatedly yell out a confession that he is, in fact, a false prophet and that his true belief is that God is a fiction, a superstition. Upon this oath, he is immediately visited by that oath's reward. His true god was the very same as Plainview's, and they both knew it at the end.
Point Five: SUCCESSION. What does the future hold? The film ends before we find out if Plainview's money is enough to rescue him from the murder charge that is almost certainly headed his way. His last line in the movie is, "I'm finished." We're left to interpret that for ourselves, but one wonders if the writer of the story has slipped this in as the final punch-line, the admission that the end of a Pursuit of Power is always finished in death and destruction. If that is true, then the whole movie may be seen as an extended morality tale which focuses on the tragedy of men pursuing power at all costs.
H.W. Plainview makes a clean break with Daniel as an adult, in his last scene. He is married and hopefully, truly able to love. He didn't learn this from his dad. But we're hoping. The fact of that break is encouraging. The viewer is supposed to hope that the boy can avoid the tragic end of both Daniel and Eli.
Coming up on next week's Worldview Media Podcast: Our first evaluation of a so-called "reality tv" series.


What I've come to appreciate more and more over the years is that selling replica watches is about service and relationships. Customers want products as much as they want appropriate attention and respect. While such a statement is common knowledge in the rolex replica sale industry, I would say that less than half of the watch stores I've visited in my life offer the right type of replica watches and friendly yet knowledgeable staff. It's the dedication an entire team has to keeping a long-term relationship with customers who are part of the rolex replica sale which in my opinion is the appropriate formula for having success as a brick and mortar or remote for that matter multi-brand watch retailer. Kudos to the rolex replica uk staff for being so good with the audience who visited their store, as well as the larger community that they serve in that part of New Jersey. If you are in the area, I recommend that you stop by.
We are constantly in need of quality bone china, porcelain, earthenware and stoneware tableware in excellent condition to purchase.
We buy full or part dinner or teasets in all the well-known quality brands from all over Australia & from overseas. You may be pleasantly surprised at our offer for that dinner set that you never really liked that is gathering dust in the back of your cupboard.
ChinaFinders is a stockist with 50,000 pieces of china in stock. We do not sell on consignment or commission.
China Finders is a home business that is both good (no travel time to work) and bad (I live at work).
Our office business hours are usually but not always 9:30AM to 6:00PM Monday to Friday (school holidays & when I'm overseas or away are often part staffed and hence we may operate on reduced hours). These times are mostly (but not always) suitable for visits. We are sometimes available by prior arrangement on Saturdays around 11AM. I will, if convenient & practicable, assist customers at other times by prior arrangement.
Our office phone will be manned mostly (but not always) between 10:00 AM and 2:00 PM Monday to Fridays with the phone answered till 9pm some days. Should I be unavailable an answering machine will be connected to take your message. School holidays may reduce staff availability & we are usually closed on Qld. public holidays.
We welcome your personal visit and the opportunity to exchange "China Stories".
I ask personal visitors to make prior appointments and reconfirm the day prior as on occasions I may not be available or our office may be unmanned for significant periods of that working day due to changed circumstances.
When making contact please advise your name, complete street address, telephone number, facsimile number & email so I can estimate freight costs & efficiently communicate with you.
If you have not already done so, please confirm the major dimensions of the items on offer so I can correlate the sizes of the items offered against my stock & requests. Should you have coffee cups on offer I specifically need to know the diameter in mm of the coffee cups as the very small cups have limited demand and I price accordingly. Also many makers had available differing sizes for luncheon/entrée /salad plates which usually ranges from 200 to 230 mm in diameter.
There may be several possible variations of shapes & sizes in many "patterns" so a photo or sketch showing the pattern, backstamp + cup & handle shape is always useful where the pattern is older, rare or a little uncommon.
I may need stock or have stock in your pattern and your items may complement my existing stock so I may accordingly be interested in the purchase of your china if it is in excellent condition & it is available to me at an attractive buying price.
For your information my offer price is usually based on the profit/commercial possibilities that the china on offer has for me.
- the rarity of the pieces on offer, demand for the specific pieces on offer (I am usually short of teacups), existing stock, quality of pieces on offer, original price/quality of manufacture, cost of shipping, risk of damage during shipping (I usually pay more for china which is hand delivered to Kenmore) and the cost of providing my "free world search & registration service".
Also many leading brands are often available at large discounts from the retail price. Thus a Mikasa 36 piece set valued at $1500 (based on a per piece retail price) may be a bit optimistic compared to the price available for similar china at a Mikasa Outlet shop or an aggressive discounter such as "Peters of Kensington "in Sydney who may offer similar sets at $300 or less.
I only purchase pieces in excellent condition and I must stress that I am a very FUSSY about the QUALITY of the china I buy.
Should your set on offer have once been part of a larger dinner set there may be considerable wear and deterioration on the pieces that have been used regularly. Conversely there may also be pieces that are in top condition that have had relatively little use and these may be of interest to me.
Some "everyday / home" or older styles of china by famous makers such as Villeroy&Boch, Royal Doulton, Johnson or Wedgwood show subtle deterioration if the china has had reasonable use or extended dishwasher time &/or inferior washing agents. On careful examination it will exhibit fading to silver or gold trim, fine surface scratches, loss of gloss in the glaze and fade in the pattern. In other words for my purposes its " worn out".
Older types of china body (especially earthenware and very fine bone china) show crazing, handling wear, minor chips & general age deterioration that is readily exhibited under careful examination.
You will need to examine each piece obliquely in a good light (preferably with a magnifying glass) with an unused or near new piece as a reference to be sure that what is on offer is in excellent condition and the gold or silver is "Near Perfect".
Gold or silver/platinum trim & decoration must be "Near Perfect " and without any signs of fading, cut marks, wear or microwave burns (fine radial lines of discolouration or gaps to the silver or gold edge trim that is regularly spaced about 12mm apart).
Plate and bowl flat surfaces must not show more than a few small noticable knife marks and when viewed obliquely in a strong light must not show scuffmarks or significant scratches & other marks.
Pattern & decoration must be clear, unfaded, and free of noticable cuts and other pattern damage/defects.
Certain types of defects (such as stress fractures) are often evident in near new and in some older top quality china and you will need check carefully for these usually hard to see defects. These defects can be evident in china that has had almost no use and appears initially in perfect condition.
Plates need to be rung (supported and lightly tapped) to detect stress cracking which can be a single circular crack line at the point where the plate, (or bowl or cup) makes a sudden shape change but is often evident at the lower inner rim of plates and the base of cups. A visual check of the underside of each item may show a defect that is difficult to see from the topside.
Cups need to be rung (ie. Tapped to hear the tone or ring –High pitch is good & low pitch indicates a fault that may not be readily visible to the unaided eye) and cups & other pieces examined precisely for any minute evidence of edge trim (gold, silver etc.) fading or wear.
Likely extra locations for Saucer ,Plate & Cup wear. Saucers often wear at the edge of the cup recess &/or at an inner gold line next to the cup recess. This is a common wear problem with most makers as the cup bases are ground & quite abrasive. The cup base abrades the metallic line or recess edge as its rubbed over it whilst placing the cup base in the recess. Similar wear is seen on plate bodies where the plate underside ridge rubs on the glaze or pattern when stacked without a protective spacer or napkin & often shows as 3 equally spaced rub or fret marks near the outer of the plate recess or as wear to an inner decoration or line. Cups with a metallic stripe or decoration on the handle can exhibit wear & fade where the handle is gripped , the mouth touches the rim or where one cup rim rubs on the handle of the next when the cups are stacked vertically.
Please confirm exactly those pieces on offer that are in excellent condition in conjunction with your inventory.
You confirm the inventory (including the size in mm of each shape) of the china that is in perfect condition ie. No wear to gold or silver edge trim, cracks, chips, crazing or pattern wear or fading.
I review the inventory and make an offer.
Upon agreement you (or a friend) bring the china directly to me or alternately I forward a cheque and written packing instructions to you and we go through steps 5,6 & 7.
You pack the china carefully in accordance with the instructions to ensure your precious china arrives safely despite the rigours of road freight or (even worse) Australia Post.
You (as appropriate) post or contact my nominated freight company who picks up the china at your door (metro only) or agreed location.
Australia post charges are usually estimated by myself, then included in the cheque from Chinafinders and then paid at the PO by your self. Road freight is prepaid by vouchers supplied by myself (they are usually volume & weight limited so please carefully limit, where practicable, the total volume and weight of the final package) or debited to a Chinafinders account.
Please note that inbound freight costs to ChinaFinders for a 36 piece standard dinnerset are about $30 from Sydney, Melbourne, Perth, Hobart, Canberra or Adelaide and adjacent areas (& more for Australia Post, and remoter places) and entails the risk of breakage so I am usually pleased to pay extra for personal delivery. It is expensive to ship to me from NZ so hand carry by a friend visiting Brisbane often works much better.
The following is applicable for shipments to Chinafinders from within Australia and, in general terms, is applicable to shipments from overseas to Brisbane Australia.
Packing:- We have a packing manual we can send to you but for most china the following is sufficient.
Cartons/ boxes:- The next challenge is to find the lidded, large, wide & flatish white foam boxes. The best containers are the larger size (57cm long x 38cm wide x 27cm high – the smaller boxes don't fit the dinnerplates or a full 36 piece set etc very well ) "lidded" white polystyrene foam boxes (readily available without (or at nominal) charge from the local vegetable/fruit shop . The squarish cross-section boxes are too small to successfully house a stack of dinnerplates. If you are stuck finding the right foam boxes there is an open ( lidless) variety designed to stack & interlock so you can cut the body off the top box(4th or top in a stack) and use its base as a lid and tape the lot together. Make sure you get the biggest & widest type & all are the same. It works fine.
It is essential that the boxes are the same size so they stack & tape securely . Depending on the foam box size you should (where necessary) be able to stack & tape together 2 or 3 of the boxes. Remove any external box labels and make sure the boxes are sanitized.
Do not send the boxes as separate parcels as each parcel will require a separate sticker and the shipment will become uneconomic for me.
Where a larger dinner set or set of china is being shipped the foam boxes work exceptionally well to cushion & protect the china during transport.
Cups ,Handled soup coupes, and other similar fragile smalls are individually wrapped in soft newspaper, tissue or bubble wrap , with a small narrow wad or roll of paper/soft cardboard within each handle. They are then packed in a small box (such as a shoe box) with scrunched paper or paper shred to restrain movement. The shoe box is placed at one end of the polystyrene box away from the heaviest items in the case of small shipments or in the top box in the case of larger shipments.
Teapots, coffeepots, platters and other large items. The spout and handles of teapots etc are quite vulnerable to damage in transit and so require special packing. Always pack the lid inverted in the lid recess & attached to the pot to avoid misplacement. Make a narrow wad or roll of soft cardboard and fill the handle loop and the "v" behind the spout. Wrap soft cardboard arround the spout end. Wrap the entire pot with bubble wrap or soft cardboard. Place in the top box or as far away as possible from heavy plate bundles in single box shipments.
Mark the consigner ( yourself) clearly & the receiver (Chinafinders P/L 12 Crestview St. Kenmore 4069 Brisbane) in large letters on each box and call the freight company local office for a pickup or drop off at the nearest depot as appropriate.
We usually forward prepaid "Busfreight" stickers once we know the packed volume and box dimensions. Please note that it is important to check with your local agent as not all depots or agents will accept a Busfreight prepaid freight voucher. We must advise McCafferty Brisbane in advance if there is to be a reverse shipment using a prepaid freight voucher.
Small shipments ( under 3kg) are often most economic via Australia Post.
Shipping to Australia by post is expensive . However cheap trans Tasman airfares are readily available and hand carry is a real option by yourself or a friend. Deferred rate UPS shipping in a 10kg or 25kg standardized box is also an option.
Shipping to Chinafinders is unlikely to be a problem as my wife & I visit the UK annually or twice annually ( often in the May to August period ) to purchase china or the china can be posted to Australia if the item is low weight (up to 4 lbs ) & high value china. Deferred rate UPS & Fedex shipping in a 10kg or 25kg standardized box are also options. I have a UK cheque account so payment by HSBC cheque is possible.
The major impediment to purchase will be the shipping cost from the USA by Economy surface post where the weight limit of 44lbs & a tight volume limit applies . I have successfully purchased dinnersets from the USA in the past. Deferred rate UPS & Fedex shipping in a 10kg or 25kg standardized box are also options. I can pay with a "Western Union" cheque in US$ ( obtainable from the Post Office in Australia) with the limitation that it must be paid into a US$ USA based cheque account.
Please advise any suggestions you may have with respect to economic shipping .
I can easily pay by paypal if you have an ebay /paypal account.
We are always searching for old and not so old manufacturer's catalogues or brochures to add to our pattern library. We would be grateful to be able to borrow and copy any that you may have available.


Pesto: 1 red pepper 5 kalamata olives 2 cloves garlic 1/3 cup Parmesan cheese 3 tablespoons olive oil Salt and pepper to taste Put pepper under the broiler after rubbing it with a bit of olive oil. Cook the pepper until black and blistered. Remove from oven and cool with a rag over the top of the pepper. Once cooled, peel and discard seeds. Remove the pits from the olives. Put all the ingredients in a food processor or blender except seasoning and roughly pur'ee. Season and set aside. To Assemble: 2 (7 oz.) salmon filets Red Pepper Pesto Salt and pepper Cut diagonal slits in the salmon filet about 2 inches long and 1/4 inch deep. Fill cuts with pesto that has been put into a pastry bag fitted with a plain tube or with no tube at all. Once salmon has been stuffed, place on a baking sheet, and bake about 8-10 minutes depending on the size of the filet. Remove and garnish with basil tops and lemon zest. Serves 2. Note: This is Part 4 of a six-part weekly series on women chefs. For a reprint, send $3 with your name and address to: The Christian Science Monitor P-410, 1 Norway St., Boston, MA 02115. Discounts are available for quantity orders.


text:
Q: Where is the flaw in my linear algorithm to Given a node like
class Node
{
    public int Val { get; set; }
    public Node Parent { get; set; }
    public List<Node> Children { get; set; } = new List<Node>();

    /// <summary>
    /// Sum of values in descendant nodes
    /// </summary>
    public int DescendantsSum { get; set; } = 0;

    /// <summary>
    /// Sum of values in tree whose root is this node
    /// </summary>
    public int TreeSum { get { return Val + DescendantsSum; } }
}

and a tree of Nodes with Vals that have been set, what I'm trying to do is what is described in the summary of the following method I wrote
/// <summary>
/// Given a tree like
///
///       Val=100
///           \
///         Val=200
///           /   \
///          /     Val=100
///      Val=100
///     /       \
///   Val=500    Val=600
///
/// set a field for each node showing the sum of the values
/// in the subtree whose root is that node, making it into
///
///       Val=100
///       Sum=1600
///           \
///         Val=200
///         Sum=1500
///          /   \
///         /     Val=100
///        /      Sum=100
///      Val=100
///      Sum=1200
///     /        \
///   Val=500    Val=600
///   Sum=500    Sum=600
///
/// </summary>
static void SetSums(Node[] nodes)
{
    foreach(var leaf in nodes.Where(node => node.Children.Count == 0))
        for(var cur = leaf; cur.Parent != null; cur = cur.Parent)
            cur.Parent.DescendantsSum += cur.TreeSum;
}

However, this is leading to incorrectly large values like 3400 where it should be 1600. I've thought over my algorithm and I can't see where it is flawed. Any hints?

A: When you are working with trees it's sometimes easier to go from the top to the buttom and not the other way as you did.
I think this should work for your needs:
public class Node
{
    public int Val { get; set; }
    public Node Parent { get; set; }
    public List<Node> Children { get; set; } = new List<Node>();

    /// <summary>
    /// Sum of values in descendant nodes
    /// </summary>
    public int DescendantsSum
    {
        get
        {
            var sum = 0;
            foreach(var child in Children)
            {
                sum += child.TreeSum;

                //You can do this instead
                //sum += child.Val;
                //sum += child.DescendantsSum;
            }
            return sum;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Sum of values in tree whose root is this node
    /// </summary>
    public int TreeSum { get { return Val + DescendantsSum; } }
}

Or by using LINQ:
public int DescendantsSum
{
    get
    {
        return Children.Sum(child => child.TreeSum);
    }
}

A: I'm not going to discuss the top-down vs bottom-up algorithms. You have chosen the bottom-up, fine, so where is the flaw?
Consider the following simple tree:
child1
      \
       parent - grandparent
      /
child2

Your algorithm will do:
parent.DescendantsSum += child1.TreeSum;
grandparent.DescendantsSum += parent.TreeSum;
parent.DescendantsSum += child2.TreeSum;
grandparent.DescendantsSum += parent.TreeSum;

As you can see, parent.TreeSum is added twice to the grandparent.DescendantsSum which leads to the incorrect results.
Since the DescendantsSum is effectively the sum of the Val of all descendant nodes, one way to fix the algorithm is to process all nodes and add the node Val to each node parent.
static void SetSums(Node[] nodes)
{
    foreach (var node in nodes)
        node.DescendantsSum = 0;

    foreach (var node in nodes)
        for (var parent = node.Parent; parent != null; parent = parent.Parent)
            parent.DescendantsSum += node.Val;
}

A: You need a recursive function.
This works fine:
class NodeTest
    {
        public static void Run()
        {
            var root = new Node() { Val = 1 };

            var a1 = new Node() { Val = 2 };
            var a2 = new Node() { Val = 3 };

            var a11 = new Node() { Val = 4 };
            var a12 = new Node() { Val = 5 };
            var a13 = new Node() { Val = 6 };

            var a21 = new Node() { Val = 7 };
            var a22 = new Node() { Val = 8 };

            a1.Children.AddRange(new Node[] { a11, a12, a13 });
            a2.Children.AddRange(new Node[] { a21, a22 });

            root.Children.AddRange(new Node[] { a1, a2 });

            Console.WriteLine(root.DescendantsSum);
            Console.WriteLine(root.TreeSum);
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine(a1.DescendantsSum);
            Console.WriteLine(a1.TreeSum);

        }
    }

    class Node
    {
        public int Val { get; set; }

        public List<Node> Children { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sum of values in descendant nodes
        /// </summary>
        public int DescendantsSum
        {
            get
            {
                return TreeSum - Val;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sum of values in tree whose root is this node
        /// </summary>
        public int TreeSum
        {
            get
            {
                return GetTreeSum(this);
            }
        }

        public Node()
        {
            Children = new List<Node>();
        }

        private int GetTreeSum(Node node)
        {
            int result = 0;

            if (node.Children.Count > 0)
            {
                result += node.Val;
                node.Children.ForEach(c => { result += GetTreeSum(c); });
            }
            else
                result += node.Val;

            return result;
        }
    }

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