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Work of studio art MFA students reflects the personal and political
MFA candidates exhibiting their thesis projects virtually
By Steve Martin
MFA in studio art
Earning an MFA in studio art requires more than a thesis exhibition.
All nine studio art areas require a three-year residency of their MFA candidates. The students must complete 60 credit hours of graduate-level courses, including 30 credits of studio art, six to eight credits of art history and humanities, and six hours of seminar work.
An MFA candidate's final semester is dedicated to creating, installing and presenting a thesis exhibition. Candidates give a gallery talk about their work at the opening reception. Usually held at the Grunwald Gallery of Art, this year's exhibitions will be held virtually.
The need for artistic expression never diminishes, even during pandemics.
Twenty-three Master of Fine Arts candidates in the Indiana University Eskenazi School of Art, Architecture + Design will virtually exhibit their work with the Grunwald Gallery of Art in the media of ceramics, digital art, fibers, graphic design, metalsmithing and jewelry design, painting, photography, printmaking, and sculpture. The shows, starting April 27, are being hosted on the school's website.
Three MFA students -- Yingqi "Puffy" Zhao, Caroline Gerberick and Jonathan Christensen Caballero -- spoke about their artistic background, their medium and their work to be exhibited.
Yingqi "Puffy" Zhao
Metalsmithing and jewelry design
Yingqi "Puffy" Zhao remembers begging her mother for jewelry during her childhood in Shenyang, Liaoning, China. Zhao said she could never pass a jewelry store without stopping.
"I was drawn to the delicacy and shininess of jewelry," Zhao said. "I gradually grew into a maker who is very much interested in jewelry as wearable and sculptural objects that simulate utmost intimacy in relation to the human body."
Zhao is drawn to microscopic structures of living forms, and the perception of creatures by human eyes could be entirely different from imagery revealed by a microscope.
"I ponder whether I am able to capture the reality of anything merely through direct observation and visual reproduction," Zhao said. "So, instead of depicting the familiar human form that is exposed to naked eyes, I choose to present the imagined segments, episodes and versions of human form from a cell perspective, which are processed by the microscope in my head. My interest in looking at the human body from a microscopic perspective is my strategy of exploring myself from deep within."
Yingqi "Puffy" Zhao's "Mutation 8.1"
Zhao is usually precise when creating her work, first rendering delicate, repetitive lines on intricate contours.
"Then I refine my design drafts through orthographic drawings, which represent three-dimensional objects in two dimensions," Zhao said. "I model three-dimensional objects using software that can build up volumetric forms through assigned points, lines and surfaces. Points and lines can be traced based on the drawings, and precise forms can be created from the points and lines. The metal fabrication process would start from blueprints I create and then be assembled to arrive at the designed format."
But sometimes Zhao is less precise.
"On the end of the scale, I would sometimes start from one simple and vague thought. I would start fabricating a thing, then I would move on to a second component, a third component, or until something sparks and begins coming together," she said.
Zhao said the virtual MFA thesis exhibition provides her an opportunity to explore a large series of work and push her limits with both subject and labor.
"This exhibition will be my starting point of exploring the expansive subject matter of human anatomy and physiology from this perspective of a cell," she said.
Caroline Gerberick
Caroline Gerberick of Cincinnati, Ohio, said fiber art creates meaning through materiality. The art has evolved since the 1960s and 1970s, and the variety of materials and acceptance of interdisciplinary practices continue to change.
"The effect created by seeing something soft or draping versus hard and reflective is an opportunity to create a connection to the viewer," Gerberick said. "Fiber-based art could be anything from the more traditional processes like weaving, quilting, spinning, dyed material, etc., to a glass or steel structure."
Gerberick's interest in fibers began while an undergraduate at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. She said there is a balance between understanding the technicality and science behind the process and the "magic" they result in.
"For example, when weaving you start with yarn that is chaotic and uncontrolled, and it becomes a structure that has order and durability and is a true visual of time and labor accumulated or recorded," she said. "Or, that a red flower can give you a green dye and that when using indigo, you can watch a transformation of color happen right in your hands. So really what captured my interest was the direct connection to materials and processes and the endless opportunities of using them."
Detail of Caroline Gerberick's "somewhere, unaware of here."
Gerberick said her art portrays her desire for an experience that mimics meditative or contemplative states.
"In my work I use the experience of being in water to talk about how we can float between spaces and really be with our bodies, but separate from our worlds simultaneously," Gerberick said. "I often say that I am trying to create a poetic space. I hope my work is a place to get lost looking through, into and beyond the surface into a place that is hard to grasp but beyond our sense of physicality and reality."
Gerberick said the virtual MFA thesis exhibition represents her growth as an artist and a person while a graduate student at the Eskenazi School.
"I've gained the skills to defend and think critically of my own work in a productive way. This will give me the foundation to present my work in new ways and continue to expand my practice and skills," Gerberick said. "I'm incredibly grateful for this opportunity and how much it has given me to move forward as an artist."
Jonathan Christensen Caballero
Jonathan Christensen Caballero of Provo, Utah, became curious about ceramics through the pottery his father had made as a teenager. Caballero explored this interest by taking a ceramics class in high school and later as a student at Snow College.
Caballero said the concepts of his narrative figure sculptures have to be emotionally profound if he is going to dedicate months to creating them.
"My main strategies to develop the concept for each narrative rely on reading, sketching and recorded performances," he said. "Once I settle on the narrative and the figures' pose, I transition to working with many different materials to fabricate the life-sized sculpture."
Those materials include clay for each figure's face and hands, steel to serve as the armature for the rest of the body, secondhand clothes broken down into strips and pulp for the body and headdress, and construction materials for the sculpture's base.
"The last step in my process is finding ready-made objects for symbolic communication unique to each narrative," Caballero said. "My process is very interdisciplinary with an expansive use of media, so I have to trust in the strength of the idea to guide all the materials and choices along the journey."
Detail of Jonathan Christensen Caballero's "Hijo Mio." Photo by Jeremy Hogan
Caballero's art is based on his identity: growing up with parents who worked labor jobs and a mother who is a Central American immigrant.
"My figures give representation to people who contribute to society at the cost of their physical bodies," he said. "For this reason, my sculpture is rooted in a Latin American identity, socio-economic status and present-day politics. The personal is political, and I feel a moral imperative to create art that critiques the oppression of Latin American laborers in the United States."
Caballero said the usual benefits of an MFA thesis exhibition -- including bonding and celebrating with peers and mentors -- will be disrupted because of the COVID-19 pandemic. But there still will be long-term benefits to the virtual exhibition.
"With a concise and developed body of work, the show will become a cohesive portfolio," Caballero said. "This portfolio -- combined with professional connections I have made while at IU -- will open opportunities to exhibit nationally in galleries and museums, and the ability to apply for careers within the arts, grants and artist residency programs."
Bicentennial Priority: Towards a Culture of Building and Making
Eskenazi School of Art, Architecture and Design


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Nata Nataly Golden Amber was imported for Riga Latvia, is a Champion of many countries and LOVES the show ring!!! She has the most wonderful personality and loves being a princess!!! She prefers to sit on your lap and have the brush run through her hair. She never ever makes a mis step. She is perfectly behaved at all times and would prefer that she stays clean and ready to go to a show at a moments notice. When she is ring side she sits like the Latvian Princess she is. When she enters the ring she throws her head back and struts her stuff like she KNOWS she's the best in there!!!! It is such a pleasure to take anywhere!!!! She is an absolute delight!!!!


Looking back, 2018 has been a busy year for JC Dance!
Joanna welcomed her baby daughter Harriet in April. This meant our pupils had some new faces teaching them over the year… Heather, Hannah, Clare & Siobhan! I am delighted that Siobhan and Clare are continuing permanently as teachers at JC Dance as of January 2019.
December 2018 Student in the Spotlight…Gabriella!
Gabriella has been dancing at JC Dance for around 5 years and has just taken part in her 5th Showcase… Which is quite an achievement for an 8 year old!
Gabriella attends Ballet and Modern classes and has been awarded Student in the Spotlight for her consistently excellent behaviour and effort each week in class.
When asked what her favourite thing about dance was, Gabriella replied "seeing all her friends and doing the shows"… Well done!
November 2018 Student in the Spotlight … Eva!
Eva has been dancing at JC Dance for around 18 months and settled in very quickly to her Ballet & Modern classes.
Eva took her first RAD and ISTD exams earlier this year and gained a fabulous distinction in her Primary Modern exam.
Eva has been awarded Student in the Spotlight for November because she has such a hardworking and consistent attitude in class and is a pleasure to teach.


The Prospect Rock Fault (PRF) is key to our understanding of the regional tectonic evolution of Vermont during the Taconic, Salinic, and Acadian Orogenies, and may have played an important role in the exhumation of blueschist and eclogite-facies rocks in the Tillotson Peak Complex (TPC) during the Taconic Orogeny. The TPC is in the footwall of the PRF in the eastern limb of the Green Mountain Anticlinorium. In the TPC, the dominant foliation is S2 and E-W trending F2 folds parallel L2 stretching lineations, which trend orthogonal to regional N-S trending folds associated with the Taconic Orogeny. The PRF itself is folded by F2 folds. Presently, there is a lack of consensus about the role of the PRF in the exhumation of the TPC, and studies have not reconciled the formation of the E-W folds and lineations to a regional model.
Oriented samples and structural data were collected from the footwall of the PRF over several transects. Samples were processed into orthogonal thin sections for microstructural analyses and for 40Ar/39Ar step heating of white mica. The dominant foliations in the PRF samples were identified through microstructural analysis and correlating the age of deformation as S2 and S3. These were defined in thin section by mica and quartz microlithons, and oriented mica grains. S1, and in some samples S2, are locally preserved in some mica domains and albite/garnet inclusion trails. S4 appears as crenulations of S3, with no significant new mineral crystallization. In the field, L2 and L3 lineations are defined by mineral and quartz rods, and L4 lineations are defined as intersection lineations on S2 surfaces.
40Ar/39Ar analyses yielded plateau ages ranging from 458.6 ± 2.0 Ma to 419.0 ± 2.4 Ma (1σ). The oldest plateau ages are just slightly younger, yet concordant, with published and new 40Ar/39Ar ages from the TPC and come from the structurally highest portions of the footwall in the northern part of the study area. Virtually all apparent age spectra show age gradients. Results from this study suggest the PRF played a role in exhumation of the TPC and ages obtained are closely aligned with deformation ages constrained from 40Ar/39Ar dating in southern Quebec for the Taconic D2 and Salinian D3 deformation. These dates may aid correlatation of ages and structures regionally and further refining of tectonostratigraphic models describing southern Quebec and New England.
Tam, Evan, "Geochronological Constraints On The Timing Of Deformation: An Examination Of The Prospect Rock Fault Footwall In North-Central Vermont" (2018). Graduate College Dissertations and Theses. 940.


90 Long Acre is an office building with 193,986 square feet of rentable area and situated on a 1.4 acre site in the Covent Garden submarket of London, United Kingdom. The office accommodation is arranged over two basement levels of parking and storage, lower and upper ground floors and eight upper floors. The building is currently 100%-leased to 16 tenants and overlooks an open courtyard with twelve separate terraces (17,308 sf) offering excellent views of Central London and abundant natural light to all floors. The property is well located in Covent Garden, a prominent location within London's West End and one of London's most popular tourist destinations attracting 45 million visitors per year. The building also benefits from excellent transportation links with a number of Underground and mainline train stations within close proximity.


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Ha conquistato una medaglia di bronzo alle Olimpiadi di Atene 2004 e due medaglie di bronzo alle Olimpiadi di Pechino 2008, ma in questa seconda occasione gli sono state in seguito revocate per doping.

Palmarès

Olimpiadi
1 medaglia:
1 bronzo (Atene 2004 nella pistola 50 m)

Note

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
E! LIVE FROM THE RED CARPET EXCLUSIVE: Kelsea Ballerini Is Still Not Over Her Mom's Reaction to 2019 Grammys Nomination
MUST CREDIT E! LIVE FROM THE RED CARPET AND LINK TO: www.eonline.com/news/1013371/kelsea-ballerini-is-still-not-over-her-mom-s-reaction-to-2019-grammys-nomination
Kelsea Ballerini's most loyal fans wouldn't miss the 2019 Grammys for the world.
As music's biggest night kicked off at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, one of country music's biggest stars couldn't help but receive support from her mom and dad.
During Live From the Red Carpet, Kelsea looked back at the unforgettable Instagram video where her mom reacted to the Best Country Album nominees.
"She goes, 'Are you freaking kidding me?' She's here tonight. She's probably somewhere crying watching this," Kelsea shared with Ryan Seacrest exclusively. "She's not on the carpet. She's inside."
The "Miss Me More" singer added, "My mom's here. My dad is watching at home. I FaceTimed him on the way here. They both have been so supportive and just to be able to share these kind of moments with them. It's like—it makes it all worth it you know?"
While the 25-year-old is traveling across the country while on tour with Kelly Clarkson, Kelsea is making sure today is all about celebrating.
After all, her Grammy nominated album Unapologetically is something she is so proud of for many reasons.
"It's my second record and I feel like the first album, I didn't have a record deal the whole time I was writing it so I didn't know I was writing for an album," she explained. "I was just kind of writing these songs that I loved and all of a sudden I got the record deal. I was like, 'oh, let's put these songs together.' It feels like it makes sense."
Kelsea added, "Then by the time the second record came along, it was like every time I wrote a song, I knew that it had the opportunity to be on a record and be heard I think it was a lot more thoughtful this time."
Watch E! this Sunday at 6 p.m. ET/3 p.m. PT for our Live From the Red Carpet: The 2019 Grammy Awardsspecial! After the ceremony, tune in to E!'s After Party: The 2019 Grammy Awards special at 11:30 p.m. And don't miss E! News on Monday, Feb. 11 at 7 p.m. for a recap of music's biggest night.
Gail Moscoso
Gail.Moscoso@nbcuni.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Kivu the forgotten war in the heart of Africa
When asked to name a long-running war somewhere the world, many people are likely to point to notorious hotspots such as Afghanistan or Syria. How many would name Kivu? Yet this conflict in the heart of Africa ranks among the longest, bloodiest and potentially most dangerous wars in recent history.
Fighting in Kivu, a region in the east of the vast powder-keg state of the Democratic Republic of Congo, first flared a generation ago. It developed into two full-fledged wars that sucked in countries around eastern and southern Africa, claiming millions of lives. Today, the fighting continues at a lower intensity and without direct foreign involvement.
But it still reaps a near-daily harvest of killings, rape, maimings and torched villages, coinciding with an ongoing outbreak of Ebola — a mix that adds perilously to the DRC's instability. « The conflict is deliberately being forgotten or played down by the international community, which is showing a kind of willful blindness, » said Omar Kavota, head of the Centre of Studies for Peace, Democracy and Human Rights (CEPADHO), a not-for-profit group based in the province of North Kivu.
'BLOOD MINERALS'
The bloodshed is mainly blamed on militias derived from ethnic groups, many of which fight over Kivu's natural resources — a traffic in so-called « blood minerals » that include coltan, a metallic ore vital for mobile phones and electric cars. According to the Congo Research Group, a study project at New York University, 134 armed groups are active in North and South Kivu, the region's two provinces.
In August alone, it counted 49 violent deaths, 103 kidnappings and 32 clashes. On Saturday, 21 people were killed in the centre of the city of Beni by assailants wielding guns and machetes, prompting aid workers to suspend efforts to roll back an outbreak of deadly Ebola. Two days later, one person was killed and 17 kidnapped in Oicha, a town 30 kilometres (18 miles) to the south. The authorities say the attack was the work of the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), a group rooted in Ugandan Islamism that has killed hundreds of Kivu civilians since its creation in 1995. The ADF is under UN sanctions.
24 YEARS OF CONFLICT
Kivu, a region bigger than Portugal that borders Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda, spiralled into catastrophe in 1994. Hundreds of thousands of Rwandan Hutus streamed across the border, fearing reprisals after hardline Hutus were ousted from power following a genocide of Tutsis and Hutu moderates. Two years later, the first Congo war flared. Rwanda's new strongman, Paul Kagame, a Tutsi, backed a campaign by rebel Laurent-Desire Kabila to overthrow dictator Mobutu Sese Seko.
Kagame's forces entered the DRC to settle scores with Hutus who had taken part in the genocide. But civilian refugees — « between 200,000 and 300,000, » according to Belgian writer David Van Reybrouck — were the main victims. Once in power, Kabila turned against his Rwandan and Ugandan allies, expelling their forces from the country and the second Congo war ensued.
AFRICA'S 'GREAT WAR'
Nine African countries and more than two dozen armed groups became embroiled in the conflict, which by some estimates caused more than five million deaths from violence, disease and starvation. Some historians have dubbed the conflict « the Great War of Africa ». The war formally ended in 2003, but its embers still glow brightly, stirring fears that they could be easily fanned back into greedy flames.
The UN has devoted its biggest peacekeeping mission to the DRC, providing some 17,000 personnel and an annual budget of $1.153 billion (982 million euros). It issued a warning about instability in Kivu ahead of presidential, legislative and provincial elections on December 23, saying government forces faced « multiple » attacks. The constellation of assailants includes the Liberation Forces of Rwanda, a Rwandan Hutu group, as well as militia derived from Congolese ethnic groups.
The latest attacks have stoked dismay at the apparent powerlessness of the army and the UN, and the perceived silence of the authorities. « Enough is enough, » said Beni's bishop, Sikuli Paluku. « How is it that even with the presence and large-scale deployment in the region of Democratic Republic of Congo's armed forces and with the massive presence of the UN mission in Congo… we cannot end this curse? »
« We have to question our methods, we have to fine-tune our strategies, » North Kivu Governor Julien Paluku said on Radio Okapi, which was created by the UN's Congo mission. And Anselme Mwaka, an opposition MP from the Union for the Congolese Nation said it posed « a real danger » for the holding of safe elections on December 23.
By AFP, in Daily Monitor, 26.09.18
Tags: Daily Monitor


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Author(s): Justin Weppner, DO, Justin Tu, MD, Emily Hillaker, DO, Michael Bova, MD, Taylor Lee Lonjin, OMS-IV
Originally published: November 5, 2012 Last updated: March 11, 2021
Heterotopic ossification (HO) refers to abnormal formation of mature lamellar bone within extraskeletal, peri-articular soft tissue. It differs from other disorders of bone mineralization in that HO occurs outside of the joint capsule, in planes not connected to periosteum. It is also known as myositis ossificans.1
HO occurs following spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and less commonly after other neurological disorders such as stroke or anoxic encephalopathy. It also occurs after severe burns, fractures, or joint arthroplasty.
Risk factors for HO include long bone fracture, immobility, coma >2 weeks, edema, trauma and pressure ulceration.
Common locations of HO after injury :
SCI patients: Hips and knees commonly affected and 20-30% patients develop HO
TBI patients: Hips, elbows, shoulders, and knees commonly affected and 10-20% develop HO
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or Severe Burn: Elbows commonly affected
While not conclusively established, the following may have a role in primary prevention:
Passive joint mobilization
Control of spasticity
Pre-operative radiation in total hip arthroplasty patients
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Bisphosphonates
The pathogenesis of HO is still largely unknown. Putatively, it is triggered by edema, tissue ischemia/hypoxia, trauma, and other local inflammatory processes. It is postulated that a disruption of the normal balance of bone formation and inhibition, perhaps by inducing a cascade of inflammatory factors promotes mesenchymal cell differentiation to osteoblasts, which in turn deposit new bone matrix in non-skeletal soft tissue.
Several studies have focused on the pathogenesis through local and systemic inducers of HO such as bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and prostaglandin-E2. Disruption of both these mediators has shown to reduce the incidence of HO.2 Histocompatibility (HLA) antigens have been studied in patients with heterotopic ossification. There is a strong correlation between the presence of the antigens HLA-A2 and HLA-B18 in patients with HO Brooker grades 3 and 4 following total hip replacement.3 However, no significant differences in the frequency of any HLA antigens were found in patients with HO and SCI or TBI.4, 5
Early HO:
Trauma or inciting neurological event occurs in tissues with abnormally heightened or prolonged inflammatory response to injury.6
Tissue expression of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), leading to mesenchymal spindle stem cells (satellite cells) migrating to the injured area and transforming into fibroblasts
Fibroblasts secrete immature connective tissue composed of collagen and extracellular matrix.
Fibroblastic metaplasia occurs with fibroblasts transforming into chondrocytes; some chondrocytes deposit collagen into the cartilage matrix, but others transform into osteoblasts.7
Primitive osteoid develops by 1-2 weeks, and new bone formation starts to form within the osteoid.
Trabecular bone forms 2-5 weeks after inciting trauma.
Zonal phenomenon occurs with immature, undifferentiated central tissue and mature lamellar bone peripherally at 6 weeks.
Symptoms of localized pain, tenderness, and swelling with rapid increase in size of the tissue affected.8
Mature HO:
Mature HO demonstrates cancellous bone and mature lamellar bone, vessels, and bone marrow with a minor amount of hematopoeisis.9
Swelling becomes more localized, firm, and when adjacent to a joint may restrict motion.8
Associated with increased limb spasticity, bony ankylosis, pressure ulcers, pain, nerve/vascular compression, and lymphedema.
HO has the potential to resorb but mostly seen in the pediatric population.10
Heterotopic bone reduces joint range of motion (ROM), resulting in ankylosis, as well as soft tissue contractures of the surrounding skin, muscles, ligaments, and neurovascular bundles. Consequently, the patients' ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), sitting, and transfers declines, and the lack of joint motion further contributes to increased likelihood of pathologic fractures of osteoporotic bone during positioning or lifting of the patient. Beside affecting range of motion, HO can cause peripheral neuropathy by impinging adjacent nerve structures, with chronic nerve ischemia and compression potentially leading to nerve scarring and fibrosis.11
The temporal relationship of HO onset varies with disease. Symptoms usually arise between two weeks and 12 months from inciting injury. Patients may complain of restricted ROM with peri-articular pain, swelling, warmth, erythema (often without antecedent trauma in the case of neurogenic HO).
HO can be asymptomatic, but some common exam findings can show:
Restricted ROM in the adjacent joint(s)
Pain or tenderness during joint movement in the sensate patient
Erythema, swelling, and warmth on the skin overlying the area of ectopic bone
Low-grade fever may be present
Early HO presentation is very similar to occult fracture, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), cellulitis, and superficial thrombophlebitis.
Clinical functional assessment: mobility, self-care cognition/behavior/affective state
Restricted ROM, pain, skin breakdown, and possible nerve entrapment due to HO adversely affects mobility, hygiene, and ADLs. These secondary consequences compound the disabling impairments already seen in common HO populations: SCI, TBI, and burn victims. This further contributes to reduced function, increased caregiver burden, and decreased quality of life.
Serum markers:
Alkaline phosphatase,an enzyme that suppresses inhibitors of bone formation, is often elevated early in the clinical course of HO and can be useful to distinguish suspected heterotopic ossification from other conditions that may present similarly with erythema, edema, or warmth such as DVT, hematoma, or cellulitis. It can take up to 2 weeks to be elevated after clinical signs and symptoms of HO appear and can be up to 3.5 times the normal value by 10 weeks after the injury. An elevated alkaline phosphatase is not specific to HO, as it can be elevated in other conditions such as long bone injury. It is not a sensitive test either, as some studies have shown it to be elevated in only 58% of patients with HO.12 Alkaline phosphatase levels normalize as HO matures.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein are inflammatory markers that can be elevated in early HO but are non-specific.
Osteocalcin, a protein hormone that is produced by bone-forming osteoblasts, is often used as a biomarker to determine the effectiveness of medications for osteoporosis on bone formation. It is not useful in confirming mature HO, however, as the value is within normal limits in the majority of patients.12
Creatinine kinase can be used to predict the severity of HO but it is not specific, and further studies are needed to determine if it can be used as a marker for early HO.13
Urinary markers used for detection of HO (less commonly ordered):
Elevated urine Hydroxyproline is fairly sensitive in mature HO but has not been proven to be useful at the time of diagnosis or in serial measurements.12 This may be due in part to the fact that it is typically elevated from the onset of paraplegia in SCI patients before HO begins to form due to bone loss from immobilization.14
A 24hr urine Prostaglandin E2 can be elevated in early HO. One study of spinal cord injury patients recommended measuring this value once a week from the initial injury to 3 to 4 months post-injury for screening. A sudden increase should prompt an initial bone scan. This number can be falsely elevated if there is sperm in the urine or if there is inflammation of the lower urinary tract.15
X ray is specific but not sensitive in early HO. It may take 3-8 weeks for heterotopic bone to show up on an X ray. The heterotopic bone is often described as "fluffy" or "popcorn-like" in appearance.
A triple phase bone scan can detect heterotopic bone in as little as 2.5 weeks after injury and therefore is the gold standard for diagnosing HO.
Ultrasound can be used as a screening tool, especially in patients where symptoms cannot exclude DVT and an ultrasound is performed to rule out a clot.
The combination of normalized alkaline phosphatase levels and the appearance of mature, organized bone on x-ray indicate maturity of heterotopic bone.
Early prediction of outcomes
Patients at highest risk for contracture and ankylosis due to HO are those with spasticity or are immobilized. See the management section for treatment strategies and prevention measures that should be used in this population.
Given the potential functional limitation of HO, it is important to remove environmental fall risk hazards. Durable medical equipment for ambulation should be evaluated.
Additionally ground floor habitation or elevator access should be encouraged for those for those with hip HO or other injuries affecting the lower extremities.
HO commonly occurs in patients with other impairing condition such as SCI, TBI, and severe burns. Thus functional limitations may extend beyond HO causation. It is important to determine if each patient has adequate social support from family, friends, caregivers, community groups, and/or a psychologist.
Patients considering surgical resection should be fully informed about the potential benefits, risks, and limitations of surgery, including the potential of recurrent ossification post-resection. Since surgery is mainly offered to restore ROM and functional skills, a patient should have a clear functional goal before receiving a surgical consultation.
There is no well-established algorithmic guideline for treatment of heterotopic ossification although individual treatments do exist for different phases of the disease.
Passive and Active Range of Motion
Literature is currently mixed regarding the role of ROM and joint mobilization in the prevention and treatment of HO, though it should be considered an adjunct therapy for HO prevention at all stages of HO progression and occurrence.8, 11
Some specific patient populations seem to benefit more from ROM, such as TBI patients.16
Control Spasticity and Pain
Should occur symptomatically at all stages, in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities, such as IM phenol, botulinum toxin, and oral medications such as baclofen.17
May arrest early bone formation in post-operative patient.18
While no NSAID has shown superior efficacy to another, Indomethacin is the historical gold standard and has been shown in controlled trials to lower incidence of HO in the SCI population.8
Indomethacin at 75 mg daily for 3 weeks has been shown to decrease the incidence of HO in patients with SCI.19
Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) selective inhibitors may be an effective drug in the prevention of HO after SCI with 2.5 times lower incidence of HO based on clinical and scintigraphy diagnosis.20
However, the optimal dose of any NSAID therapy has not been definitively proven.6
For post-operative prophylaxis, indomethacin has been proven equally as efficacious as peri-operative single dose radiation therapy.21
Inhibits bone mineralization by interfering with aggregation of calcium hydroxyapatite, the crystal substrate of bone.
Delays bone mineralization after surgery.1
Slows progression of HO in the SCI population.22
Useful to treat early stage HO.
Combination therapy with indomethacin may cause gastro-intestinal upset, diarrhea, myalgias, and infrequently osteonecrosis.
The goal of surgical resection is to achieve improvements in function, posture, ambulation, ADLs, and prevent recurrent pressure injuries, particularly when these cannot be achieved through non-operative management.
The timing of surgery is controversial and no definitive guidelines exist. A risk-benefit analysis of early vs late surgery will likely be required. Historically, surgery has been delayed until HO was thought fully mature (after 12-18 months) in order to minimize the risk of recurrence. However, early surgery (after 6 months) may allow for sufficient maturity and can prevent prolonged exposure to pain, progressive ROM loss, pressure injuries and continued functional decline. Thus, early surgery may ultimately lead to improved neurologic recovery. Surgery prior to 6 months is associated with a higher rate of HO recurrence.9, 23
Surgical resection of HO carries a high risk of recurrence without prophylactic treatment.
Incomplete resection of HO should be avoided, as the risk for recurrence with incomplete resection is significantly higher.24
Localized radiation
Hypothesized to prevent and treat HO by altering the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts.25
Peri-operative radiation within 24 hours pre-op to 72 hours post-op may prevent HO after a total hip arthroplasty.26 Peri-operative radiation given outside the above range may increase the risk for HO formation.27
Post-operative radiation may prevent HO recurrence after surgical resection.2, 18, 28 In patients with SCI, a single dose of radiation at 700 cGy may prevent progression of early HO.29
A team approach for medical management may include a primary care physician, physiatrist, surgeon, occupational therapist, physical therapist, and psychologist. If radiation is considered for prevention/management of heterotopic ossification, a radiation oncologist would be involved as well.6 Coordination of care should occur with the patient and caregiver, if applicable.
Both the patient and family should be educated about the progression of HO and its potential complications, including reduced range of motion with subsequent functional limitations as well as peripheral neuropathy. They also should be aware of preventive and treatment options at each stage of the disease.
Measurement of Treatment Outcomes including those that are impairment-based, activity participation-based and environmentally-based.
It can be difficult to measure treatment outcomes in HO since most treatments focus on prophylaxis. However several measurements can be used
Ability to perform ADL's and functional improvement as determined by the functional independence measure (FIM) vs. section GG, and prevention of functional decline after surgical management of HO
Maintenance of joint ROM (as measured on goniometer)
Prevention of occurrence of HO radiographically
Most applicable to cases of surgical removal of HO followed by prophylactic measures, or when prophylaxis is performed in the setting of patient having a history of HO or after acetabular fracture
The Brooker classification for example uses 4 classes of radiographic findings of HO specifically after THA. While classes I and II are usually considered clinically insignificant given that symptoms rarely manifest with this extent of HO, classes III and IV are significant given that symptoms are typically present.30
In practice, it is important to recognize signs and symptoms of heterotopic ossification particularly in the early phase where more treatments are available. Early HO presents similar to occult fracture, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), cellulitis, and superficial thrombophlebitis. Thus clinical suspicion should be high when symptoms present after 1 week in the presence of recent trauma, recent surgery, SCI, TBI, or burn injury. However similar presenting conditions should be ruled out using ultrasound, radiographs, laboratory markers, and clinical judgement.
Emerging aspects of management of HO include:
Bone morphogenic protein receptor antagonism, as both genetic and traumatic forms of HO are mediated by the BMP Pathway.31
Rapamycin through modulation of the mTOR pathway and its subsequent effect on lepton signaling.32
Limited data indicate that allopurinol and N-acetylcysteine in combination are effective at preventing experimentally induced HO.2
Currently our understanding of HO is limited by our understanding of the pathogenesis. Additionally the timing for surgical resection still presents controversy. Traditionally surgical intervention is reserved after HO has completely matured, but some studies have suggested benefit from early resection as soon as 4 to 8 months after injury.2, 9, 10
Mavrogenis AF, Soucacos PN, Papagelopoulos PJ. Heterotopic ossification revisited. Orthopedics. Mar 2011;34(3):177. doi:10.3928/01477447-20110124-08
Pavlou G, Kyrkos M, Tsialogiannis E, Korres N, Tsiridis E. Pharmacological treatment of heterotopic ossification following hip surgery: an update. Expert Opin Pharmacother. Apr 2012;13(5):619-22. doi:10.1517/14656566.2012.662342
Sessa G, Costarella L, Mollica R, Pavone V. Heterotopic ossification after total hip replacement and the HLA system in the Sicilian population. J Orthop Traumatol. Jun 2002;2(3):125-8. doi:10.1007/s101950200012
Garland DE, Alday B, Venos KG. Heterotopic ossification and HLA antigens. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. Sep 1984;65(9):531-2.
Weiss S, Grosswasser Z, Ohri A, et al. Histocompatibility (HLA) antigens in heterotopic ossification associated with neurological injury. J Rheumatol. 1979 Jan-Feb 1979;6(1):88-91.
Ranganathan K, Loder S, Agarwal S, et al. Heterotopic Ossification: Basic-Science Principles and Clinical Correlates. J Bone Joint Surg Am. Jul 2015;97(13):1101-11. doi:10.2106/JBJS.N.01056
Rossier AB, Bussat P, Infante F, et al. Current facts of para-osteo-arthropathy (POA). Paraplegia. May 1973;11(1):38-78. doi:10.1038/sc.1973.5
Meyers C, Lisiecki J, Miller S, et al. Heterotopic Ossification: A Comprehensive Review. JBMR Plus. Apr 2019;3(4):e10172. doi:10.1002/jbm4.10172
Shehab D, Elgazzar AH, Collier BD. Heterotopic ossification. J Nucl Med. Mar 2002;43(3):346-53.
Garland DE, Shimoyama ST, Lugo C, Barras D, Gilgoff I. Spinal cord insults and heterotopic ossification in the pediatric population. Clin Orthop Relat Res. Aug 1989;(245):303-10.
Cipriano CA, Pill SG, Keenan MA. Heterotopic ossification following traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. Nov 2009;17(11):689-97.
Mysiw WJ, Tan J, Jackson RD. Heterotopic ossification. The utility of osteocalcin in diagnosis and management. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. Aug 1993;72(4):184-7.
Sherman AL, Williams J, Patrick L, Banovac K. The value of serum creatine kinase in early diagnosis of heterotopic ossification. J Spinal Cord Med. 2003;26(3):227-30. doi:10.1080/10790268.2003.11753688
Elias AN, Gwinup G. Immobilization osteoporosis in paraplegia. J Am Paraplegia Soc. Jul 1992;15(3):163-70. doi:10.1080/01952307.1992.11735870
Schurch B, Capaul M, Vallotton MB, Rossier AB. Prostaglandin E2 measurements: their value in the early diagnosis of heterotopic ossification in spinal cord injury patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. Jul 1997;78(7):687-91. doi:10.1016/s0003-9993(97)90074-5
Garland DE, Razza BE, Waters RL. Forceful joint manipulation in head-injured adults with heterotopic ossification. Clin Orthop Relat Res. Sep 1982;(169):133-8.
Garland DE, Lilling M, Keenan MA. Percutaneous phenol blocks to motor points of spastic forearm muscles in head-injured adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. May 1984;65(5):243-5.
Strauss JB, Wysocki RW, Shah A, et al. Radiation therapy for heterotopic ossification prophylaxis afer high-risk elbow surgery. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). Aug 2011;40(8):400-5.
Teasell RW, Mehta S, Aubut JL, et al. A systematic review of the therapeutic interventions for heterotopic ossification after spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. Jul 2010;48(7):512-21. doi:10.1038/sc.2009.175
Banovac K, Williams JM, Patrick LD, Levi A. Prevention of heterotopic ossification after spinal cord injury with COX-2 selective inhibitor (rofecoxib). Spinal Cord. Dec 2004;42(12):707-10. doi:10.1038/sj.sc.3101628
Kienapfel H, Koller M, Wüst A, et al. Prevention of heterotopic bone formation after total hip arthroplasty: a prospective randomised study comparing postoperative radiation therapy with indomethacin medication. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1999;119(5-6):296-302. doi:10.1007/s004020050414
Aubut JA, Mehta S, Cullen N, Teasell RW, Group E, Team SR. A comparison of heterotopic ossification treatment within the traumatic brain and spinal cord injured population: An evidence based systematic review. NeuroRehabilitation. 2011;28(2):151-60. doi:10.3233/NRE-2011-0643
Almangour W, Schnitzler A, Salga M, Debaud C, Denormandie P, Genêt F. Recurrence of heterotopic ossification after removal in patients with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. Sep 2016;59(4):263-9. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2016.03.009
Pavey GJ, Polfer EM, Nappo KE, Tintle SM, Forsberg JA, Potter BK. What Risk Factors Predict Recurrence of Heterotopic Ossification After Excision in Combat-related Amputations? Clin Orthop Relat Res. Sep 2015;473(9):2814-24. doi:10.1007/s11999-015-4266-1
Sautter-Bihl ML, Hültenschmidt B, Liebermeister E, Nanassy A. Fractionated and single-dose radiotherapy for heterotopic bone formation in patients with spinal cord injury. A phase-I/II study. Strahlenther Onkol. Apr 2001;177(4):200-5.
Popovic M, Agarwal A, Zhang L, et al. Radiotherapy for the prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data. Radiother Oncol. Oct 2014;113(1):10-7. doi:10.1016/j.radonc.2014.08.025
Seegenschmiedt MH, Makoski HB, Micke O, Diseases GCGoRfB. Radiation prophylaxis for heterotopic ossification about the hip joint–a multicenter study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. Nov 2001;51(3):756-65. doi:10.1016/s0360-3016(01)01640-6
Mishra MV, Austin L, Parvizi J, Ramsey M, Showalter TN. Safety and efficacy of radiation therapy as secondary prophylaxis for heterotopic ossification of non-hip joints. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. Jun 2011;55(3):333-6. doi:10.1111/j.1754-9485.2011.02275.x
Müseler AC, Grasmücke D, Jansen O, et al. In-hospital outcomes following single-dose radiation therapy in the treatment of heterotopic ossification of the hip following spinal cord injury-an analysis of 444 cases. Spinal Cord. Mar 2017;55(3):244-246. doi:10.1038/sc.2016.112
Balboni TA, Gobezie R, Mamon HJ. Heterotopic ossification: Pathophysiology, clinical features, and the role of radiotherapy for prophylaxis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. Aug 2006;65(5):1289-99. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.03.053
Yu PB, Deng DY, Lai CS, et al. BMP type I receptor inhibition reduces heterotopic [corrected] ossification. Nat Med. Dec 2008;14(12):1363-9. doi:10.1038/nm.1888
Agarwal S, Loder S, Brownley C, et al. Inhibition of Hif1α prevents both trauma-induced and genetic heterotopic ossification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Jan 2016;113(3):E338-47. doi:10.1073/pnas.1515397113
Patricia W. Nance, MD, Jennifer W. Tsoi, MD. Heterotopic ossifications. Publication Date 11/5/2012
Previous Revision of the Topic:
Patricia W. Nance, MD, Ravi Mirpuri, DO. Heterotopic ossifications. Publication Date 4/8/2016
Justin Weppner, DO
Justin Tu, MD
Emily Hillaker, DO
Michael Bova, MD
Taylor Lee Lonjin, OMS-IV
Patient Handout
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Children


text:
Evolving from startup to media and tech powerhouse
By the end of 2018, FiscalNote had seen a massive transformation, culminating with its $180 million acquisition of CQ Roll Call. FiscalNote tapped KWT Global to gain sustained traction in local, trade and national media to elevate its new position as a media and technology powerhouse.
Tap into timely news moments and FiscalNote's expertise to drive a drumbeat of media placements within publications that will support the company's aggressive sales goals. The Execution By working closely with FiscalNote executives to link together the news of the day with issues that matter to the business, KWT Global used the CEO to tell a personalized company story, and leveraged other internal experts to land timely subject matters within trade Q&A, interview and byline placements.
Multi-channel placement across national online, broadcast, regional and trade publications, securing 46 standalone features or executive commentary placements, reaching a combined audience of more than 741 million.


text:
'Finding Nemo' Reels In A Whopper of a Fish Story
Tale of Undersea Search Dazzles and Delights;
'Italian Job' Gets Big Mileage From Small Cars
By Joe Morgenstern
May 30, 2003 12:41 am ET
Instead of rising to a challenge, "Finding Nemo" plunges to it and comes up a winner. Pixar's latest animated feature takes place mainly in the shimmering depths of tropical seas, where fish are so extravagant in color and form as to verge on the extraterrestrial. Nemo is one of them, a spunky little clownfish with a slight disability -- a foreshortened front fin -- who gets separated from his father and urgently needs to be found. Don't ask what happened to his mother; at least her fate is sealed early, when little kids can get over it and move on. And don't expect the basic plot to be more original than it sounds, though one might wish that it were. What's original here, eye-bogglingly and mind-poppingly so, is the computer-generated imagery on the screen -- coruscating swarms of charming characters in a story that picks up speed, and wit, as it moves from the shelter of a coral reef to a fishtank in an Australian dentist's office.
Nemo's father, Marlin, has the voice of Albert Brooks; that means he's a dry, wry clownfish with an excess of anxiety. (He is also a clown who can't tell a joke, though he keeps trying to do so quite hilariously.) As fearful as Nemo is fearless, Marlin pretty much falls apart when his small fry is scooped up by a scuba diver. Still, he swims off on what promises to be a hopeless search -- for his courage as well as his son -- and soon bumps into a sweetly scatterbrained blue tang named Dory (Ellen DeGeneres). A victim of short-term memory loss, Dory is the finnish version of Guy Pearce's character in "Memento." While Mr. Brooks is very funny, Ms. DeGeneres gives a bravura comic performance, as well as a touching one. Constantly amazable, because she's ceaselessly forgetful, her endearing Dory makes a difficult traveling companion but a scintillating friend. (My favorite bit of submarine shtick is when she tries to speak whale.)
"Finding Nemo" is the first Pixar feature to be directed by Andrew Stanton, from a script that he wrote with Bob Peterson and David Reynolds. Mr. Stanton, who was a writer, co-director or producer on all four previous Pixar productions, has said that part of the inspiration for this film came from childhood visits to a dentist's office, where he was fascinated by a tankful of fish. Good for that venerable tooth-puller, then, because the fishtank here works brilliantly, both as the crowded prison where little Nemo ends up, and the saline loony bin from which he must escape. (Never mind for now how he escapes, but remember the wisdom of his fellow inmates: "All drains lead to the ocean.")
Coming as it does after three Pixar triumphs ("Toy Story," "Toy Story 2" and "A Bug's Life") and the superb "Monsters, Inc.," "Finding Nemo" feels somewhat conventional in concept, though certainly not in execution. The story is tinged, at the beginning and the end, with sentiments dear to Disney, the distribution partner from which Pixar has kept its artistic distance. But "Finding Nemo" is an undersea treasure all the same, and a prodigy of visual energy, thanks to toothsome sharks in a 12-step program to break their addiction to fish, surfer-dude turtles, a phosphorescently seductive angler fish, a pelican that plays possum, a blowfish with a pneumatic ego, jellyfish massed and dangling like barrage balloons and a school of moonfish that does impromptu impersonations of other scaly swimmers. Dory isn't alone in her constant amazement. Who would have guessed that computers could evoke the ocean's wild copiousness?
'The Italian Job'
As far as "The Italian Job" is concerned, let's cut to the chase, in which three Mini Coopers go out as cars and come back as stars. These are the cool new Minis built by BMW, not the old British Motor Minis, revolutionary in their time, that buzzed and scurried through the 1969 film of the same name. "The Italian Job" is the best car commercial ever, an absolute triumph of product placement, and great fun as a movie in the bargain. It's a remake that improves on the original by retaining only those elements that made the original distinctive -- in other words, three Mini Coopers cast as Little Getaway Cars That Could in a chase that ignores the laws of physics, not to mention the rules of the road.


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Cloud, Networking
Cisco's cloud strategy hits the mainstream
by Mark Cox • October 8, 2015
Now moved from incubation status to a regular business unit, Cisco's cloud business is being counted on to deliver strong results.
Yvette Kanouff, SVP, Cisco's Cloud Virtualization Group (CVG) and Cloud Infrastructure Services (CIS)
Cisco's cloud strategy, which has been a reality for years, and which really took off from a partner perspective when the Intercloud initiative was first launched in 2014, has never been more critical to the company's broader strategy. Accordingly, it has been prepped for growth, being moved from an incubation project to a line business unit expected to hit aggressive numbers. That in turn means much more opportunity for Cisco partners.
In Cisco's strategy going forward, where everything they build is programmable, and where applications are converged with infrastructure to better provide security and analytics trough the network, the cloud is indispensable. Applications have to be available through public, private and hybrid clouds, so that they can always dynamically provision the assets they need.
"With cloud, we are focused on creating a flexible and easy way to provide both public and private cloud access," said Yvette Kanouff, who recently came over from Cisco's service provider video software and solutions organization to head up Cisco's Cloud Virtualization Group (CVG) and Cloud Infrastructure Services (CIS) groups.
"She has done a remarkable job of bringing our video business to a new level and we are clearly hoping for her to take the cloud business to a new level now," said Pankaj Patel, Cisco EVP and Chief Development Officer
"Customers want help with automating cloud, but there are regulatory issues and security parameters to consider, so they are really looking at a holistic picture, Kanouff said. "We are the number one network provider ain the world. We have taken the level of datacenter and are automating the network all the way up and down that chain. We can help our customers virtualize everything along the path. That is a true differentiator."
The channel has also had a key role in the cloud at Cisco, dating back to Cisco Powered, where Cisco worked with MSP and cloud provider partners on both infrastructure buildout and with a whole suite of solutions where they could certify packaged applications.
"We have always been very consistent in terms of what we have been doing with the whole partner focus around cloud," said Peder Ulander, VP Cloud Services at Cisco. "We have been focused on partners in cloud for a long time."
The Intercloud initiative itself evolved as a consolidation of Cisco's own cloud strategies.
"Meraki, Solidfire and WebEx all had their own cloud providers, so we built our own cloud platform as a delivery tool for our cloud assets," Ulander said. "It was designed initially as a vehicle for our own stuff, but when we partners with companies to be our extension into other markets, they told us they could sell this to their customers. That's where Intercloud came from, and when this was delivered to customers, the fulfillment and integration was entirely channel. We then capped it off with a private cloud offering. We can come in with our partners and give them a consistent platform that they can deliver to their customers."
Ulander emphasized that Cisco is still very much building out their entire cloud ecosystem.
"ISVs are absolutely critical, and we have made a strong focus on recruiting cloud-native partners focused on Big Data like Pivotal, HortonWorks and MapR," he said. "We were in the process of making Marketplace available to partners at Cisco Live, and we have 125 on it right now. We have added new developer partners, and we now have Intercloud partners delivering capabilities across 50 countries."
While all this has been laying the groundwork, Ulander said they are now at a point where cloud is really ready to take off for Cisco.
"This is the foundation for where we are going, and this year will see a lot of exciting movement," he said.
The driving force here isn't just Cisco's broader strategy itself, but the organizational changes that Robbins has made since becoming CEO.
"Under Rob Lloyd, Intercloud was very much an incubation project," Ulander said. "Sales, product, services, everything, sat in a side of the company that wasn't mainstream. This was because when we started cloud here, Cisco was good at building hardware and services around it, and making margins on that. They didn't expect classic margins from a relatively new idea, so they created a mini-startup within the company to get around that."
Ulander said that while this organization was helpful in cloud's early stages of growth, it also tended to cap their initiatives.
"With Chuck's reorganization, we moved into the mainstream of Cisco," he said. Now the sales and engineering heads report directly to the heads of sales and engineering for the company.
"These are all moves which have been made in the last few months," Ulander said. "Yvette Kanouff, who has just assumed this role, is pouring gas on the process, but it's not a change in direction.
"We have pushed really hard to be able to be able to hit our metrics and get to this stage," Ulander said. "The results will really be apparent going forward.
Tags:Cisco Cloud hybrid cloud Intercloud Yvette Kanouff
← HP puts final touches on post-split partner programs
Cisco gears up Internet of Things strategy →


text:
Fannie Mae capital boost could slow its home-loan purchases
But changes likely won't touch consumers in short-term, analysts say
By Glenn Roberts Jr.
Regulatory demands for home mortgage giant Fannie Mae to boost capital while it's accounting problems are being worked out could slow its purchase of home loans and trim profit margins, though home buyers are not likely to notice any change in mortgage rates as a result, say analysts.
Doug Duncan, chief economist for the Mortgage Bankers Association, said, "The markets are big and liquid enough that they will not have a material effect on what consumers will see at the rate level."
Fannie Mae, a private, government-sponsored and shareholder-owned company that purchases, pools and resells home mortgages to investors, is under investigation for accounting and management problems.
David Barry takes on real estate antitrust Roger Barnes, a Fannie Mae official who expressed worries about Fannie Mae's accounting practices in discussions with federal regulators, is scheduled to testify before a congressional panel Oct. 6, Reuters reported today. Also today, a Fannie Mae executive announced that the Securities and Exchange Commission will decide whether Fannie Mae must restate its earnings.
Fannie Mae's regulator, the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, this week announced a plan to add more transparency to Fannie Mae operations. Fannie Mae, together with Freddie Mac, another powerful player in the secondary mortgage market, own or guarantee about half of the U.S. mortgage market, and Fannie Mae alone has provided an estimated $6.3 trillion in mortgage financing since 1968. Last year, Freddie Mac was fined $125 million when the company restated earnings after understating profits by about $5 billion from 2000-02.
The regulator's allowance of a long period of change at Fannie Mae, rather than a rapid period of change, should not disrupt the overall market, Duncan said. "The regulator almost certainly set it up that way so that we will have some orderly changes." And the resiliency of the housing market has been tested before – and passed the test, noted Nick Retsinas, director of the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard University. Though legislators have eyed some big changes in the federal government's relationship with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, Retsinas said it's doubtful that Congress will act quickly on reform.
"It is clearly unlikely that something will happen this (legislative) session and this year. This is not a year where you would expect a last-minute action," he said. Ultimately, the possible impacts of the Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae troubles on the overall housing market will be decided by lawmakers, he said.
"Let's not confuse getting through a problem as eliminating the issue. What impact (current events have) on the housing market – one must wait until the sun sets, until the legislative debate is joined and completed," he said.
One analyst, Jonathan Gray of Sanford C. Bernstein & Co., said in a report to investors that if Fannie Mae becomes a liquidator of mortgages, mortgage rates could rise 25 to 40 basis points. Keith Gumbinger, a vice president at HSH Associates, a publisher of mortgage information, said that a boost in capital at Fannie Mae "theoretically could make mortgages more expensive," The Associated Press reported, though the company would more likely slim its own profits.
Other investors, too, said that Fannie Mae will likely absorb the hit to its profit margins rather than pass along higher rates to consumers. Fannie Mae's profits were nearly stagnant in the second quarter of this year, rising only slightly over profits in the second quarter of 2003.
Dain Ehring, CEO for Dorado Corp., a company that offers Web-based systems for the mortgage industry, said that without the presence of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the booming housing market would be fairly flat. He cautioned against an "overzealous" political reaction to any possible problems at Fannie Mae.
"It's a hard environment to be a public company right now," he said. And while he said Fannie Mae should be accountable for any problems, he added, "This is not an Enron."
Government reform of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac "could have some major impacts on the big picture," he said.
Legislation aimed at creating a tougher regulator for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac stalled in Congress earlier this year. But government officials have said the Bush administration remains committed to reforming oversight of the two corporations. The administration is in favor of creating a new, stronger agency.


But that time — where demo days were more prevalent — has passed. Which, unfortunately, means that a unique opportunity to gather in celebration of founders and the companies they're building has also passed.
You see, local startup accelerator PIE is bringing back its demo day. Pulling it out of the proverbial mothballs after more than four years. Because it seems like founders and the Portland startup community could use a little bit of celebration, right about now.
What we do miss about PIE Demo Days, however, is that they consistently served as a brief moment of celebration where we could come together to embrace and support some of the awesome founders building amazing companies in our midst. So that we could all gather together — new founders and serial entrepreneurs, established companies and startups, would-be entrepreneurs and their soon-to-be mentors — as a community.
Sound interesting? Well, you should consider attending.
The event takes place March 14, 2019 (Pi Day!) at the Aladdin Theater in southeast Portland. Tickets are currently available. Although they're going fast. (At the time of this writing only about one-third of the seats were left.) So if you're interested in attending, it's best you grab your tickets as quickly as possible.


Jim Adkins of Jimmy Eat World at First Avenue in 2013.
Can we take a moment to appreciate a good pop-punk guitar solo?
You know what I'm talking about—the kind that traces the chorus melody as its jumping off point but adds some extra stuff: the repetition of phrases up or down an octave, the tremolo-picked ascension into the upper reaches of the fretboard, the occasional angular spazz-out leading into the next verse or one last chorus.
First Avenue played host to several fine exemplars of the pop-punk guitar solo last night, courtesy of Jimmy Eat World frontperson Jim Adkins. Adkins' live solos are the clearest illustration of my favorite thing about his band: Jimmy Eat World are sneakily weird. Let's go down the rabbit hole.
In an old interview with rock critic Jim DeRogatis, Adkins cited Duane Dennison of the Jesus Lizard as a major influence on his playing. Think about that. Adkins sings like an angel, looks like a boyish dad (and did even before he became one), and wrote "The Middle," maybe the best pep talk ever set to music. The Jesus Lizard made grinding, gonzo noise rock, and Dennison in particular distinguished the group with off-kilter melodies, music-school chops, and spaghetti-western twang.
Sure, Jimmy Eat World were once an independent act, but they and the Jesus Liz are still pretty odd acts to think of together. And yet! Listening to Adkins attack the strings last night, it was there—in his break during "I Will Steal You Back," in the heavy opening riff of "Futures," in the way he embellished simple melodies along the fretboard, and in his tone, which caught your attention without being ostentatious—you could tell those sounds came from a guitar, but they had this elastic, taffy-like quality too, the notes squealing and bending a little on their way out of the amp.
All the breaks were concise—Adkins writes them like songs in themselves, and they are sing-able. In fact, a woman standing directly in front of me during the show sang the break from "23" at her friend, note-for-note, while Adkins played it.
Some measure of eccentricity is hustled into almost everything Jimmy Eat World does, even when they appear conventional on the outside. They once built a rock radio hit out of snippets of old refrains from other people's songs, and they also once wrote a 16-minute ambient rock epic that sounds little like anything else. They will always be "emo," but if you listen to the group's first four albums consecutively, you will find they sound like a different band each time. A band this established doesn't need to maintain such quietly restless creativit in order to keep the lights on, but it's certainly nice when they do.
This craft is still present on the album J.E.W. are promoting, 2016's Integrity Blues, which, although a little too adult contemporary for much of its run time, does give Jimmy fans, out of nowhere, what might be the heaviest moment in their entire catalog: the math rock breakdown at the end of "Pass the Baby." The studio version is, overall, one of the band's most confused songs, but that breakdown rules live, pulling back in a crowd that frankly didn't have as much of an interest in the stuff off that latest album.
Some aging artists will play a bunch of new material early on and work their way back to the oldies. Jimmy Eat World sprinkled songs from Integrity Blues throughout the set, so the performance ebbed and flowed as different parts of the crowd got excited for hits or deep cuts. They blasted through all four major singles from Bleed American (their best album) right in a row at the end of the set and during the encore.
The Jimmies played to a sold-out audience composed of several generations of emo kids, and each of their opening acts had its own contingent of people singing along. This was Microwave's first time playing Minneapolis, but there was already at least one person wearing one of their t-shirts on the floor, and a couple of other people air drumming along to their fills. The Hotelier inspired singalongs that turned the Mainroom into an Irish pub during a couple of their more waltz-like songs. Both acts seemed elated to share a stage with Jimmy Eat World, with Microwave's Nathan Hardy calling them "one of the greatest bands of all time," and the Hotelier's Christian Holden mock-reading their name off one hand as though they were an unknown act following the band in a basement.
Billing The Hotelier with the Jim-Jims was sneakily weird too: While both are emo acts, (and I'm guessing The Hotelier have a few worn copies of Clarity between them) the paths they've cut through their careers are pretty different—Jimmy's been on a major label since their second album, and their image is about as normal as you can get for touring musicians; the Hotelier are self-professed anarchists who make their lives and art into personal and political activism. Jimmy Eat World are a big enough band that a sizable contingent of their fans might never encounter an act like the Hotelier on their own—unless, of course, the introduction happened at a Jimmy Eat World concert. As I overheard someone say to their companion during the Hotelier's "Sun," "This band isn't too bad."
N 43 59 38.927" W 7 23' 45.27"


text:
Complete the Survey Here
Parish Council's Page
Appleby Environment
Developer's Web Site
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Development Proposals for Appleby Magna – Have Your Say
Complete our independent survey now - link at foot of page
Developers are about to submit planning applications for somewhere between 100 and 175 new houses in Appleby Magna. The proposed sites are on all on fields around the village.
Before these proposals, the District Council's intention was to spread their allocation of 80 new houses over 15 villages, so the expected number of new houses in Appleby over the next few years would be between 5 and 10. These new proposals for larger developments would not have been permissible under recent planning rules, but changes to national planning policies mean that they could be permitted even though they conflict with local policies about building outside village limits.
In return for public acceptance of the proposals at an early stage, the developers are saying they will contribute to village improvements. Suggestions include donating some land to the Parish Council as a village green space; providing support to the primary school, the recreation ground and village community groups; and they have asked for feedback from the village on other features which need investment such as local transport.
The village environmental group, Appleby Environment, is opposing the development saying it would completely change the character of the village, but others may wish to see more local houses or would accept large scale development in return for the enhancements that the developers promise.
You can see more information on the developer's web site and Appleby Environment's site. There is more information in the Parish Council's minutes and meeting notes.
It is important that everyone in the village has the opportunity to have their say. You can complete a short survey by clicking the link below.
This is an independent survey run by the administrators of the village web site. We understand that some may wish to remain anonymous so we have given you this option, but we would prefer to have your name and/or address so we know that submissions are from residents of Appleby Magna or Appleby Parva, which will give the survey more credence. The results will be passed to the Parish Council. The overall results will be published on this web site but personal information will be kept confidential.


The Eldenbridge Institute team is looking forward to teaching another Permaculture Design Certification course this Fall starting August 27th. Permaculture is a design science that focuses on creating sustainable and regenerative systems, so if you are looking for an introduction to the principles and practices of sustainable design, this is the class to start with.
The course will be taught over a series of six alternating weekends and consists of over 72 hours of lecture, hands-on training, and a design project. If you are interested in the course, visit our event page for more information, including what some of our students from last year had to say about the course.
We are also excited to announce that the Eldenbridge Institute is now accepting applications for a full scholarship to be awarded to an outstanding high school student for the 2016 PDC. If you know a high school student (upcoming Junior or Senior) who shows interest and potential in Permaculture design, please let them know about our Fall 2016 PDC Student Scholarship. We are offering one scholarship which covers the entire cost of the PDC. The application can be found and completed online here. The deadline for applying is August 7th and we will be announcing the finalists for the scholarship before August 14th. We are looking forward to meeting all our finalists for an in-person interview to help us decide who will be the best candidate to join us for this year's PDC.


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You can read, download, or purchase The Book 'What Is Lojban?', also known as the Level Zero book, edited by Nick Nicholas and John Woldemar Cowan. This book makes an excellent introduction to lojban.
pre-final version of the lojban reference grammar. Has some typos, but is otherwise identical to the published version above.
miscellaneous publications, such as ordering forms and such.
This page was last edited on 4 December 2016, at 05:33.