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Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Health and population
National strategies and SDG integration
Goal 3 infographic, source: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2021/
By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births
Maternal mortality ratio
Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel
By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births
Under-five mortality rate
Neonatal mortality rate
By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases
Number of new HIV infections per 1,000 uninfected population, by sex, age and key populations
Tuberculosis incidence per 1,000 population
Malaria incidence per 1,000 population
Hepatitis B incidence per 100,000 population
Number of people requiring interventions against neglected tropical diseases
By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being
Mortality rate attributed to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease
Suicide mortality rate
Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol
Coverage of treatment interventions (pharmacological, psychosocial and rehabilitation and aftercare services) for substance use disorders
Harmful use of alcohol, defined according to the national context as alcohol per capita consumption (aged 15 years and older) within a calendar year in litres of pure alcohol
By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents
Death rate due to road traffic injuries
By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes
Proportion of women of reproductive age (aged 15-49 years) who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods
Adolescent birth rate (aged 10-14 years; aged 15-19 years) per 1,000 women in that age group
Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all
Coverage of essential health services (defined as the average coverage of essential services based on tracer interventions that include reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health, infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases and service capacity and access, among the general and the most disadvantaged population)
Proportion of population with large household expenditures on health as a share of total household expenditure or income
By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination
Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution
Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene (exposure to unsafe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for All (WASH) services)
Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning
Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate
Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use among persons aged 15 years and older
Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding flexibilities to protect public health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all
Proportion of the target population covered by all vaccines included in their national programme
Total net official development assistance to medical research and basic health sectors
Proportion of health facilities that have a core set of relevant essential medicines available and affordable on a sustainable basis
3.c
Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in least developed countries and small island developing States
3.c.1
Health worker density and distribution
Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks
3.d.1
International Health Regulations (IHR) capacity and health emergency preparedness
Percentage of bloodstream infections due to selected antimicrobial-resistant organisms
Before the COVID-19 pandemic, progress had been made in many health areas, including improving the health of mothers and children, increasing immunization coverage and reducing the incidence of communicable diseases, albeit not fast enough to meet the Goal 3 targets by 2030. The disruption caused by the pandemic has now halted progress and even reversed some gains made. According to a recent survey, substantial disruptions persist more than a year into the pandemic, with about 90 per cent of countries and territories still reporting one or more disruptions to essential health services. Among the health services most extensively affected are those for mental, neurological and substance use disorders; neglected tropical diseases; tuberculosis; HIV and hepatitis B and C; cancer screening; services for other non-communicable diseases, including hypertension and diabetes; family planning and contraception; urgent dental care; malnutrition; immunization; and malaria.
Reproductive, maternal and child health
According to data from the period 2014–2020, 83 per cent of births worldwide were assisted by skilled health professionals, including medical doctors, nurses and midwives, an increase from 71 per cent in the period from 2007 to 2013. The COVID-19 pandemic may reverse gains in skilled childbirth care coverage and disrupt maternity health services.
The world has made substantial progress towards the goal of ending preventable child deaths, with the global under-5 mortality rate decreasing from 76 to 38 deaths per 1,000 live births between 2000 and 2019. The global neonatal mortality rate fell from 30 deaths to 17 per 1,000 live births in the same period. Even with such progress, 5.2 million children died in 2019 before reaching their fifth birthday, with almost half of those deaths, 2.4 million, occurring in the first month of life. While the full impact of the pandemic on child survival is not yet known, significant disruption to the continued provision of life-saving interventions could stall or even reverse the progress made.
The proportion of women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) who have their family planning needs met by modern contraceptive methods has remained steady at around 77 per cent between 2015 and 2021, reaching only 56 per cent in sub -Saharan Africa and 52 per cent in Oceania, excluding Australia and New Zealand. The ongoing pandemic may lead to reductions in these figures as a result of supply-chain disruptions and decreased access to family planning services, while the fertility intentions and family planning needs among women of reproductive age may also change.
The global adolescent birth rate has fallen from 56 births per 1,000 adolescent women 15 to 19 years of age in 2000 to 45 births per 1,000 adolescents in 2015 and 41 per 1,000 in 2020. The declines varied considerably across regions, with the largest decrease in Central and Southern Asia from 70 births per 1,000 adolescents in 2000 to 24 births per 1,000 in 2020.
While the rate of new HIV infections declined from 0.48 infections pe r 1,000 uninfected population among adults (15 to 49 years of age) to 0.37 per 1,000 between 2010 and 2019, it remained far higher than the global target for 2020. The largest decrease was in sub-Saharan Africa, the region with the highest numbers of people living with HIV. Major inequalities remain in access to HIV prevention, testing and treatment services across regions, countries, and sub-populations within countries. There is evidence to suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused considerable disruption to HIV services, including testing, initiation of treatment, voluntary medical male circumcision and pre-exposure prophylaxis.
In 2019, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with tuberculosis, of whom 56 per cent were adult men, 32 per cent adult women, 12 per cent children and 8.2 per cent people living with HIV, making it the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. Globally, the incidence of tuberculosis fell from 174 new and relapse cases per 100,000 population in 2000 to 130 cases per 100,000 in 2019, a 25 per cent decline over the period, with the tuberculosis mortality rate among HIV-negative people falling by 45 per cent in the same period. Although the disease burden is decreasing, large gaps in detection and treatment persist, and the current pace of progress is not fast enough to meet the target of ending tuberculosis by 2030. Drug - resistant tuberculosis is a continuing threat: in 2019, there were 465,000 new cases with resistance to rifampicin, the most effective first-line drug, and 78 per cent of those infected with tuberculosis had a multidrug-resistant strain. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, an estimated 1.4 million fewer people received necessary care for tuberculosis during 2020 compared with the previous year, a reduction in treatment levels of 21 per cent.
Between 2015 and 2019, the incidence of malaria plateaued at around 57 cases per 1,000 people at risk. The target of the World Health Organization for reductions in malaria case incidence in 2020 will be missed by 37 per cent. In 2019, there were a total of 229 million malaria cases worldwide, with the disease claiming some 409,000 lives. Gaps in funding and in access to life-saving tools are undermining global efforts to curb the disease, and the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to set the fight back even further.
The use of the hepatitis B vaccine in infants has reduced the incidence of new chronic hepatitis B infections considerably. The proportion of children under 5 years of age who became chronically infected fell from 4.7 per cent in the pre-vaccination era to 0.9 per cent in 2020. Worldwide, the 2020 target of 1 per cent seroprevalence in children under 5 years of age has been met. Additional efforts for increasing coverage are needed to achieve the Goal target of 0.1 per cent seroprevalence by 2030.
In 2019, 1.74 billion people were reported to have required mass or individual treatment and care for neglected tropical diseases, down from 2.19 billion in 2010 and 12 million fewer than the figure reported for 2018. The lower number of people requiring interventions is largely the result of having eliminated at least one neglected tropical disease in 42 countries and territories since 2010.
Non-communicable diseases, mental health and environmental risks
Globally, 74 per cent of all deaths in 2019 were caused by non-communicable diseases. The probability of dying from any of the four main non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease) between 30 and 70 years of age decreased from 19.9 per cent in 2010 to 17.8 per cent in 2019. The rate of decline is insufficient to meet the Goal target. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need for further attention to interventions in non-communicable diseases, as people with underlying non-communicable diseases are at higher risk of severe illness and death from the COVID-19 virus.
About 700,000 suicide deaths occurred in 2019. The global suicide death rate declined by 29 per cent, from 13 deaths per 100,000 population in 2000 to 9.2 deaths per 100,000 in 2019.
In 2019, global alcohol consumption was 5.8 litres of pure alcohol per person 15 years of age or older, a 5 per cent decrease from 6.1 litres in 2010.
The global rate of mortality from road traffic injuries fell by 8.3 per cent, from 18.1 deaths per 100,000 population in 2010 to 16.7 deaths per 100,000 in 2019. Nevertheless, 1.3 million people worldwide died in road traffic accidents in 2019, 75 per cent of whom were boys and men. Low-income countries and territories had lower rates of vehicle ownership than in high-income countries and territories, yet a death rate more than 3.5 times higher. Road traffic injuries were the leading cause of death among young people 15 to 29 years of age worldwide.
The global prevalence of tobacco uses among men declined from 50 per cent in 2000 to 38.6 per cent in 2018, and among women from 16.7 per cent in 2000 to 8.5 per cent in 2018. Even so, the number of people dying from a tobacco-related illness was estimated to be more than 8.1 million in 2017.
Unintentional poisonings were responsible for more than 84,000 deaths in 2019. Although the number of such deaths has steadily declined since 2000, mortality rates continue to be relatively high in low-income countries and territories, where they are more than twice the global average. One third of all deaths from unintentional poisonings occurred in sub-Saharan Africa.
Health Systems and Funding
Immunization is one of the world's most successful and cost-effective health interventions. While vaccination coverage among infants increased from 72 per cent in 2000 to 85 per cent in 2015 before stalling until 2019, an estimated 19.7 million children did not receive essential vaccines during the first year of their life in 2019. In addition, global coverage levels for the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, which has the potential to significantly reduce the incidence of pneumonia, have yet to reach 50 per cent. Measles is a highly contagious disease, and the 71 per cent coverage of the two-dose vaccine in 2019 was insufficient to prevent outbreaks of measles.
Improvements in essential health services, as measured by the universal health coverage service coverage index, increased from a global average of 45 out of 100 in the year 2000 to 66 in 2017. Low-income countries and territories experienced the greatest progress, driven mainly by interventions for infectious diseases. However, the pace of progress has slowed since 2010, and the poorest countries and territories and those affected by conflict are generally lagging furthest behind. The COVID-19 pandemic is derailing progress even further.
Before the pandemic, an estimated 927 million people, or 12.7 per cent of the global population, made out-of-pocket health-care payments amounting to more than 10 per cent of their household budgets, and for 209 million people, or 3 per cent, their share of health-care spending exceeded 25 per cent of their household budgets, posing an even greater threat to spending on other essential goods and services such as food and education.
ODA for basic health from all official donors has increased by 59 per cent in real terms since 2010, reaching $11 billion in 2019. The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the Gavi Alliance and the United States of America accounted for more than half of that total, providing $2.4 billion, $1.9 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively. In 2019, $3.4 billion was spent on basic health care, $2.2 billion on infectious disease control, excluding HIV/AIDS, and $2.2 billion on malaria control.
Health workers are on the front line of the COVID-19 pandemic response. Countries and territories, especially those with a limited health workforce, are further constrained with regard to the delivery of essential health services. On the basis of data from the period 2013–2018, the density of nursing and midwifery personnel in Northern America is more than 150 per 10,000 population, which is more than 15 times that in sub-Saharan African and 8 times that in Northern Africa and Southern Asia. The density of medical doctors in Northern America, Oceania and Central Asia remains around 25 per 10,000 population, compared to 2 per 10,000 population in sub-Saharan African.
Progress in many health areas continues, but the rate of improvement has slowed and will not be sufficient to meet most of the Goal 3 targets. The pandemic is devastating health systems globally and threatens health outcomes already achieved. Most countries, in particular poor ones, have insufficient health facilities, medical supplies and health-care workers to meet the surge in demand. Countries need comprehensive health strategies and increased spending on health systems to meet urgent needs and protect health workers, while a global coordinated effort is needed to support countries in need.
Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health
Globally, an estimated 295,000 maternal deaths occurred in 2017, resulting in an overall maternal mortality ratio of 211 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, a 4 per cent reduction compared with 2015 and a 38 per cent reduction compared with 2000. The majority of the deaths occurred in low- and lower-middle-income countries, and roughly 66 per cent of them occurred in sub-Saharan Africa. At the current pace of progress, the world will fall short of the target of the Goal.
Worldwide, 81 per cent of births were assisted by skilled health professionals in the period 2014–2019, up from 64 per cent in the period 2000–2005, with Central Asia, Eastern Asia, Western Asia, Northern America and Europe nearly achieving universal coverage.
The concerted effort of the global community continues to reduce preventable child deaths, from a mortality rate of 76 deaths per 1,000 live births in children under 5 years of age in 2000 to 42 in 2015 to 39 in 2018. Notwithstanding the progress, some 5.3 million children died before reaching 5 years of age in 2018 alone, and nearly half of those deaths, or 2.5 million, occurred in the first month of life.
Globally, the proportion of women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) whose family planning needs were met by modern contraceptive methods increased only slightly, from 75.7 per cent in 2010 to around 77 per cent from 2015 to 2020, reaching only 56 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa and 52 per cent in Oceania (excluding Australia and New Zealand).
Worldwide, the adolescent birth rate fell steadily, from 45 births per 1,000 women 15 to 19 years of age in 2015 to 41 per 1,000 in 2020, with the highest rate, 101 per 1,000, in sub-Saharan Africa.
In 2018, there were an estimated 1.7 million new HIV infections, an incidence rate of 0.24 per 1,000 uninfected persons among the total population, almost unchanged from the level of 0.26 per 1,000 in 2015, putting the world off track in achieving the Sustainable Development Goal target. One in three of new HIV infections globally occurred among women 15 to 49 years of age in sub-Saharan Africa.
In 2018, an estimated 10 million persons fell ill with tuberculosis (89 per cent were adults, 63 per cent were men and 8.6 per cent were people living with HIV). The incidence of tuberculosis declined, from 141 new and relapse cases per 100,000 persons in 2015 to 132 in 2018. The tuberculosis mortality rate among HIV-negative people fell by 8.3 per cent in the same period. However, large gaps in detection and treatment persist, and the current pace of progress is not fast enough to meet the target of ending the epidemic by 2030. Drug-resistant tuberculosis is also a continuing threat.
After many years of impressive reductions in the global malaria burden, progress has stalled. Globally, malaria incidence (the number of cases per 1,000 persons) fell, from 81 in 2000 to 57 in 2014, and remained at a similar level throughout 2018. The world is not on a trajectory to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal target of ending malaria.
The use of the hepatitis B vaccine in infants has reduced the incidence of new chronic hepatitis B virus infections considerably. The proportion of children under 5 years of age who became chronically infected fell, from 4.7 per cent in the pre-vaccine era to 0.9 per cent in 2018.
In 2018, 1.76 billion persons were reported to have required mass or individual treatment and care for neglected tropical diseases, down from 1.80 billion in 2015 and 2.19 billion in 2010. The 530 million persons requiring treatment and care in least developed countries represented 52 per cent of the population of those countries, down from 78 per cent in 2010. Progress has been driven largely by the fact that at least one neglected tropical disease has been eliminated in 40 countries.
The probability of dying from cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease at between 30 and 70 years of age decreased, from 19 per cent in 2010 to 18 per cent in 2016, a rate of decline that was insufficient to meet the Sustainable Development Goal target.
Based on 2016 data, nearly 800,000 persons died every year by suicide, and 79 per cent of global suicides occurred in low- and middle-income countries.
The number of persons dying of tobacco-related illnesses was estimated to be 8.1 million in 2017. The global prevalence of tobacco use among men was 38.6 per cent in 2018, compared with 8.5 per cent among women.
In 2016, indoor (household) and outdoor (ambient) air pollution caused some 7 million deaths worldwide. Inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene led to a total of 870,000 deaths in the same year.
Immunization is one of the world's most successful and cost-effective health interventions. While vaccination coverage among infants increased, from 72 to 85 to 86 per cent in 2000, 2015 and 2018, respectively, an estimated 19.4 million children did not receive essential vaccines in their first year of life. In addition, global coverage levels of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, which has the potential to reduce pneumonia significantly, have yet to reach 50 per cent coverage. Measles is a highly contagious disease, and the 69 per cent coverage of the two-dose vaccine in 2018 was insufficient to prevent a measles outbreak.
In 2017, only around one third to half of the global population was covered by essential health services. If current trends continue, only 39 to 63 per cent of the global population will be covered by essential health services by 2030.
The proportion of the population spending more than 10 per cent of its household budget on out-of-pocket payment for health services increased continuously, from 9.4 to 12.7 per cent (927 million persons), between 2000 and 2015. At current rates, the proportion will reach 12.9 per cent, equal to 1 billion persons, in 2020. Nearly 90 million persons were pushed into extreme poverty owing to out-of-pocket medical expenses.
Official development assistance (ODA) for basic health from all donors increased by 41 per cent in real terms since 2010, reaching $10 billion in 2018. In 2018, about $1.7 billion was spent on malaria control, $0.8 billion on tuberculosis control and $1.9 billion on other infectious diseases, excluding HIV/AIDS.
Based on data from the period 2013–2018, globally, women make up more than 76 per cent of medical doctors and nursing personnel combined, but compose only slightly more than 40 per cent of medical doctors and nearly 90 per cent of nursing personnel.
In 2019, 166 countries reported the status of their capacity to implement the International Health Regulations with regard to preparedness for detecting, reporting and responding to health emergencies such as COVID-19. Analysis shows that steady progress has been made in nearly every core capacity of the Regulations, except in human resources, compared with 2018.
Major progress has been made in improving the health of millions of people, increasing life expectancy, reducing maternal and child mortality and fighting against leading communicable diseases. However, progress has stalled or is not happening fast enough with regard to addressing major diseases, such as malaria and tuberculosis, while at least half the global population does not have access to essential health services and many of those who do suffer undue financial hardship, potentially pushing them into extreme poverty. Concerted efforts are required to achieve universal health coverage and sustainable financing for health, to address the growing burden of non-communicable diseases, including mental health, and to tackle antimicrobial resistance and determinants of health such as air pollution and inadequate water and sanitation.
An estimated 303,000 women around the world died due to complications of pregnancy and childbirth in 2015. Almost all of these deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries, and almost two thirds of those were in sub-Saharan Africa. These deaths are preventable with appropriate management and care. Globally in 2018, 81 per cent of births took place with the assistance of a skilled birth attendant, a significant improvement from 69 per cent in 2012. Coverage of skilled birth attendants in 2018 was only 59 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa.
The under-5 mortality rate fell to 39 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2017, a 6.7 per cent reduction from 42 deaths in 2015, and an overall reduction of 49 per cent from 77 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000. The total number of under-5 deaths dropped to 5.4 million in 2017 from 9.8 million in 2000. Still, most of these deaths were from preventable causes and almost half, or 2.5 million, occurred in the first month of life – the most crucial period for child survival. The global neonatal mortality rate has continued to decline after a long downward trend from 31 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 18 in 2017, a 41 per cent reduction.
Immunization saves millions of lives and is widely recognized as one of the world's most successful and cost-effective health interventions. Coverage of the required three doses of the vaccine that prevents diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis increased from 72 per cent in 2000 to 85 per cent in 2015 and has remained unchanged between 2015 and 2017. An estimated 19.9 million children did not receive the vaccines during the first year of life, putting them at serious risk of these potentially fatal diseases. The global coverage of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, which has the potential to significantly reduce deaths in children under age of 5, has yet to reach 50 per cent. Two doses of the measles vaccine are required to prevent the disease and the illnesses, disabilities and deaths caused by complications associated with it. Coverage with the second dose of measles vaccine increased from 59 per cent in 2015 to 67 per cent in 2017, but that is still insufficient to prevent this highly contagious disease.
Expanding access to modern contraceptive methods is essential to ensuring universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services. Globally, the proportion of women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years old) who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern contraceptive methods has continued to increase slowly, from 74 per cent in 2000 to 76 per cent in 2019.
Adolescent fertility declined from 56 births per 1,000 adolescent women in 2000 to 45 births in 2015 and 44 births in 2019. The level of adolescent fertility has remained high in sub-Saharan Africa, at 101 births per 1,000 adolescent women.
Strong and steady domestic and international commitment and funding has fuelled an acceleration of evidence-informed HIV prevention, testing and treatment programmes. As a result, the incidence of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (among adults aged 15 to 49) has declined by 37 per cent, from 3.39 infections per 1,000 uninfected people in 2010 to 2.49 in 2015 and 2.14 in 2017. However, the rate of global HIV incidence among adults aged 15 to 49 declined from 0.44 to 0.40 between 2015 and 2017 and overall by 22 per cent between 2010 and 2017, well short of the declines required to meet 2020 and 2030 targets.
Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of ill health and death. In 2017, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with tuberculosis. The burden is falling globally: incidence of tuberculosis has continued to decline from 170 new and relapse cases per 100,000 people in 2000 to 140 in 2015, and 134 in 2017; and the tuberculosis mortality rate among HIV-negative people fell by 42 per cent between 2000 and 2017. However, large gaps in detection and treatment persist and the current pace of progress is not fast enough to meet the Sustainable Development Goal target, with drug-resistant tuberculosis remaining a continuing threat.
After more than a decade of steady advances in fighting malaria, progress has stalled.  No significant gains were made in reducing the number of malaria cases worldwide in the period 2015–2017. Sub-Saharan Africa continues to carry the heaviest burden of disease, accounting for more than 90 per cent of the global malaria burden. Worryingly, there were an estimated 3.5 million more malaria cases in the 10 highest-burden African countries in 2017 compared with the previous year.
In 2015, an estimated 325 million people worldwide were living with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection. The widespread use of hepatitis B vaccine in infants has considerably reduced the incidence of new chronic HBV infections, as reflected by the decline in hepatitis B prevalence among children under 5 years of age, from 4.7 per cent in the pre-vaccine era to 0.8 per cent in 2017.
In 2017, 1.58 billion people were reported as requiring mass or individual treatment and care for neglected tropical diseases, down from 1.63 billion in 2015 and 2.03 billion in 2010. Improved surveillance meant that further populations requiring interventions against such diseases were identified in 2017. The 522 million people requiring treatment and care in least developed countries represented 52 per cent of those countries' populations, down from 584 million in 2015.
The probability of dying from any of the four main non-communicable diseases – cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes – between the ages of 30 and 70 was 18 per cent in 2016. The risk remains markedly higher for men globally, at 21.6 per cent, compared with 15 per cent for women.
Progress has been made in reducing the global suicide rate (from 12.9 per 100,000 in 2000 to 10.6 per 100,000 in 2016). However, suicide remains the second-highest cause of death among people aged 15 to 29 globally, with 79 per cent of suicides found in low- and middle-income countries in 2016.
The prevalence of tobacco use declined from 27 per cent in 2000 to 20 per cent in 2016. Prevalence fell faster for women, from 11 per cent in 2000 to 6 per cent in 2016, compared with men: prevalence in men only fell from 43 per cent to 34 per cent. Despite the positive trends, the number of people dying from a tobacco-related illness was estimated to be more than 8.1 million in 2017.
The number of road traffic deaths climbed from 1.31 million in 2013 to 1.35 million in 2016. Road traffic injury is the leading cause of death for children and young adults aged 5 to 29.
Air pollution, both ambient and household, increases the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory disease and, in 2016, led to some 7 million deaths worldwide. Sub-Saharan Africa and most of Asia and Oceania (excluding Australia/New Zealand) have the highest mortality rates associated with air pollution, as a large proportion of the population still rely on polluting fuels and technologies for cooking.
Inadequate and unsafe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene is linked to 60 per cent of the disease burden from diarrhoea, 100 per cent of the burden from infections with soil-transmitted helminths and 16 per cent of the burden from protein-energy malnutrition, leading to a total of 870,000 deaths in 2016 from the three conditions.
Official development assistance (ODA) for basic health from all donors increased by 61 per cent in real terms since 2010 and reached $10.7 billion in 2017. In 2017, some $2.0 billion was spent on malaria control, $1.0 billion on tuberculosis control and $2.3 billion on other infectious diseases, excluding HIV/AIDS.
Available data from 2013 to 2018 indicate that close to 40 per cent of all countries had fewer than 10 medical doctors per 10,000 people, and more than 55 per cent had fewer than 40 nursing and midwifery personnel per 10,000 people. All least developed countries had fewer than 10 medical doctors and fewer than 5 dentists and 5 pharmacists per 10,000 people, and 98 per cent had fewer than 40 nursing and midwifery personnel per 10,000 people.
Many more people today are living healthier lives than in the past decade. Nevertheless, people are still suffering needlessly from preventable diseases, and too many are dying prematurely. Overcoming disease and ill health will require concerted and sustained efforts, focusing on population groups and regions that have been neglected.
The maternal mortality ratio has declined by 37 per cent since 2000. Nevertheless, in 2015, 303,000 women around the world died due to complications during pregnancy or childbirth. Over the period 2012–2017, almost 80 per cent of live births worldwide occurred with the assistance of skilled health personnel, up from 62 per cent in 2000–2005.
Globally, from 2000 to 2016, the under-5 mortality rate dropped by 47 per cent, and the neonatal mortality rate fell by 39 per cent. Over the same period, the total number of under-5 deaths dropped from 9.9 million to 5.6 million.
Even in the region facing the greatest health challenges, progress has been impressive. Since 2000, the maternal mortality ratio in sub-Saharan Africa has been reduced by 35 per cent, and the under-5 mortality rate has dropped by 50 per cent.
In 2018, the global adolescent birth rate is 44 births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19, compared to 56 in 2000. The highest rate (101) is found in sub-Saharan Africa.
Infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases
Globally, the incidence of HIV declined from 0.40 to 0.26 per 1,000 uninfected people between 2005 and 2016. For women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa, however, the rate is much higher, at 2.58 per 1,000 uninfected people.
In 2016, 216 million cases of malaria were reported versus 210 million cases in 2013. There were 140 new cases of tuberculosis per 100,000 people in 2016 compared to 173 cases per 100,000 in 2000. Hepatitis B prevalence declined among children under 5— from 4.7 per cent in the pre-vaccine era to 1.3 per cent in 2015.
In 2016, 1.5 billion people were reported to require mass or individual treatment and care for neglected tropical diseases, down from 1.6 billion in 2015 and 2 billion in 2010.
Unsafe drinking water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene continue to be major contributors to global mortality, resulting in about 870,000 deaths in 2016. These deaths were mainly caused by diarrhoeal diseases, but also from malnutrition and intestinal nematode infections.
Globally, 32 million people died in 2016 due to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease. The probability of dying from these causes was about 18 per cent in 2016 for people between 30 and 70 years of age.
In 2016, household and outdoor air pollution led to some 7 million deaths worldwide.
Globally, almost 12 per cent of the world's population (over 800 million people) spent at least one tenth of their household budgets to pay for health services in 2010, up from 9.7 per cent in 2000.
Official development assistance (ODA) for basic health from all donors increased by 41 per cent in real terms since 2010, reaching $9.4 billion in 2016.
Available data from 2005 to 2016 indicate that close to 45 per cent of all countries and 90 per cent of least developed countries (LDCs) have less than one physician per 1,000 people, and over 60 per cent have fewer than three nurses or midwives per 1,000 people.
Since 2000, impressive advancements have been made on many health fronts. However, to meet the Sustainable Development Goals health targets by 2030, progress must be accelerated, in particular in regions with the highest burden of disease.
In 2015, the global maternal mortality ratio stood at 216 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Achieving the target of less than 70 maternal deaths by 2030 requires an annual rate of reduction of at least 7.5 per cent, more than double the annual rate of progress achieved from 2000 to 2015. Most maternal deaths can be prevented. In 2016, 78 per cent of live births worldwide benefited from skilled care during delivery, compared to 61 per cent in 2000. In sub-Saharan Africa, however, the rate in 2016 was only 53 per cent of live births.
The mortality rate for children under 5 years of age globally was 43 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2015. That rate represents a 44 per cent reduction since 2000. Mortality among children under 5 years of age remains high in sub-Saharan Africa, with a rate of 84 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2015.
Children are most vulnerable in the first 28 days of life (the neonatal period). In 2015, the global neonatal mortality rate was 19 deaths per 1,000 live births, a decrease from 31 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000. Neonatal mortality is highest in Central and Southern Asia and in sub-Saharan Africa, at 29 deaths per 1,000 live births in each of those regions in 2015.
Preventing unintended pregnancies and reducing adolescent childbearing through universal access to sexual and reproductive health care is crucial to the health and well-being of women, children and adolescents. In 2017, 78 per cent of women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years of age) worldwide who were married or in union had their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods, up from 75 per cent in 2000. Progress has been substantial in the least developed countries, with a rise of 18 percentage points from 2000 to 2017.
Globally, the adolescent birth rate among females aged 15 to 19 declined by 21 per cent from 2000 to 2015; in Northern America and Southern Asia, it dropped by more than 50 per cent. However, the adolescent birth rate remains high in two thirds of all countries, with more than 20 births per 1,000 adolescent girls in 2015.
Major advances have been made in combating infectious diseases. Globally in 2015, there were 0.3 new HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infections per 1,000 uninfected people; among children under 15 years of age, there were 0.08 new HIV infections. That data represents a decline of 45 per cent and 71 per cent, respectively, since 2000. The incidence of HIV infection remained highest in sub-Saharan Africa, with 1.5 new infections per 1,000 uninfected people in 2015.
In 2015, 10.4 million new cases of tuberculosis were reported worldwide, which represents 142 new cases per 100,000 people, or a decline of 17 per cent since 2000. The global malaria incidence rate in 2015 was 94 per 1,000 people at risk, a 41 per cent decrease since 2000. In 2015, 1.6 billion people required mass or individual treatment and care for neglected tropical diseases, a 21 per cent decline from 2010.
Around 1.34 million deaths were attributed to hepatitis in 2015, including 0.9 million deaths owing to hepatitis B. Hepatitis B can be prevented through vaccinations; global coverage of vaccinations for that disease among children 1 year of age increased from 29 per cent in 2000 to 84 per cent in 2015.
A major risk factor for infectious diseases and mortality is the lack of safe water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services, which disproportionately affects sub-Saharan Africa and Central/Southern Asia. Death rates owing to the lack of WASH services in those two regions were 46 and 23 per 100,000 people, respectively, compared to 12 per 100,000 people globally in 2012.
Non-communicable diseases and mental health
Premature deaths (before 70 years of age) owing to cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease or diabetes totalled about 13 million in 2015, accounting for 43 per cent of all premature deaths globally. From 2000 to 2015, the risk of dying between 30 and 70 years of age from one of those four causes decreased from 23 per cent to 19 per cent, falling short of the rate required to meet the 2030 target of a one-third reduction.
Such mental disorders as depression can lead to suicide. Nearly 800,000 suicides occurred worldwide in 2015, with men about twice as likely to commit suicide as women.
Tobacco and alcohol use contributes to the burden of non-communicable diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control has been ratified by 180 parties, which represent 90 per cent of the global population. Still, more than 1.1 billion people, mostly men, consumed tobacco in 2015. The prevalence of smoking among those individuals 15 years of age and older dropped from 23 per cent in 2007 to 21 per cent in 2013. In 2016, the average consumption of pure alcohol was 6.4 litres per year per person among those individuals 15 years of age or older.
Indoor and ambient air pollution is the greatest environmental health risk. Globally in 2012, household air pollution from cooking with unclean fuels or inefficient technologies led to an estimated 4.3 million deaths, while ambient air pollution from traffic, industrial sources, waste burning or residential fuel combustion resulted in an estimated 3 million deaths.
Other health risks
In 2013, about 1.25 million people died from road traffic injuries, the leading cause of death among males between 15 and 29 years of age. Road traffic deaths have increased by about 13 per cent globally since 2000.
Worldwide in 2015, an estimated 108,000 people died as a result of unintentional poisoning. That figure represents 1.5 deaths per 100,000 people, a 33 per cent decrease since 2000.
In 2015, total official flows for medical research and basic health from all donor countries and multilateral organizations amounted to $9.7 billion, an increase in real terms of 30 per cent since 2010. Of that amount, the member countries of the Development Assistance Committee of OECD contributed $4.3 billion.
Available data from 2005 to 2015 indicate that over 40 per cent of all countries have less than one physician per 1,000 people, and around half have fewer than three nurses or midwives per 1,000 people. Almost all least developed countries have less than one physician and fewer than three nurses or midwives per 1,000 people.
Goal 3 seeks to ensure health and well-being for all, at every stage of life. The Goal addresses all major health priorities, including reproductive, maternal and child health; communicable, non-communicable and environmental diseases; universal health coverage; and access for all to safe, effective, quality and affordable medicines and vaccines. It also calls for more research and development, increased health financing, and strengthened capacity of all countries in health risk reduction and management.
Between 2000 and 2015, the global maternal mortality ratio, or number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, declined by 37 per cent, to an estimated ratio of 216 per 100,000 live births in 2015. Almost all maternal deaths occur in low-resource settings and can be prevented. Globally, 3 out of 4 births were assisted by skilled health-care personnel in 2015. Under-five mortality rates fell rapidly from 2000 to 2015, declining by 44 per cent globally. Nevertheless, an estimated 5.9 million children under the age of 5 died in 2015, with a global under-five mortality rate of 43 per 1,000 live births. The neonatal mortality rate, that is, the likelihood of dying in the first 28 days of life, declined from 31 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 19 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2015. Over that period, progress in the rate of child survival among children aged 1 to 59 months outpaced advances in reducing neonatal mortality; as a result, neonatal deaths now represent a larger share (45 per cent) of all under-five deaths.
Preventing unintended pregnancy and reducing adolescent childbearing through universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services are critical to further advances in the health of women, children and adolescents. Worldwide, in 2015, approximately 3 in 4 women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years of age) who were married or in union satisfied their need for family planning by using modern contraceptive methods; in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania, however, the share was less than half. Childbearing in adolescence has steadily declined in almost all regions, but wide disparities persist: in 2015, the birth rate among adolescent girls aged 15 to 19 ranged from 7 births per 1,000 girls in Eastern Asia to 102 births per 1,000 girls in sub-Saharan Africa.
The incidence of major infectious diseases, including HIV, tuberculosis and malaria, has declined globally since 2000. Globally in 2015, the number of new HIV infections among all people was 0.3 new infections per 1,000 uninfected people; 2.1 million people became newly infected that year. The incidence of HIV was highest in sub-Saharan Africa, with 1.5 new cases per 1,000 uninfected people. In 2014, 9.6 million new cases of tuberculosis (133 cases per 100,000 people) were reported worldwide, with 58 per cent of them in South-Eastern Asia and the Western Pacific. Almost half the world's population is at risk of malaria and, in 2015, the incidence rate was 91 new cases per 1,000 people at risk, an estimated total of 214 million cases. Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for 89 per cent of all malaria cases worldwide, with an incidence rate of 235 cases per 1,000 people at risk. In 2014, at least 1.7 billion people, in 185 countries, required treatment for at least one neglected tropical disease.
According to estimates from 2012, around 38 million deaths per year, accounting for 68 per cent of all deaths worldwide, were attributable to non communicable diseases. Of all deaths among persons under the age of 70, commonly referred to as premature deaths, an estimated 52 per cent were as a result of non-communicable diseases. Over three quarters of premature deaths were caused by cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory disease. Globally, premature mortality from those four main categories of non communicable disease declined by 15 per cent between 2000 and 2012. Reducing tobacco use will be critical for meeting the proposed target of reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by one third. In 2015, over 1.1 billion people consumed tobacco, with far more male (945 million) than female (180 million) smokers.
Unhealthy environmental conditions increase the risk of both non communicable and infectious diseases, which is reflected in the strong integrated nature of the Goals. In 2012, an estimated 889,000 people died from infectious diseases caused largely by faecal contamination of water and soil and by inadequate hand-washing facilities and practices resulting from poor or non-existent sanitation services. In 2012, household and ambient air pollution resulted in some 6.5 million deaths.
Substance use and substance-use disorders have also created a significant public health burden. Worldwide, average alcohol consumption in 2015 was estimated at 6.3l of pure alcohol per person among those aged 15 or older, with wide variations across countries. Alcohol consumption was highest in the developed regions (10.4l per person) and lowest in Northern Africa (0.5l per person). In 2013, only about 1 in 6 people worldwide suffering from drug-use disorders received treatment. Approximately 1 in 18 people with drug-use disorders received treatment in Africa that year, compared with 1 in 5 in Western and Central Europe.
Mental disorders occur in all regions and cultures. The most common are anxiety and depression, which, not infrequently, can lead to suicide. In 2012, an estimated 800,000 people worldwide committed suicide, and 86 per cent of them were under the age of 70. Globally, suicide is the second leading cause of death among those between the ages of 15 and 29.
Around 1.25 million people died from road traffic injuries in 2013. Halving the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents by 2020 is an ambitious goal given the dramatic increase in the number of vehicles, which nearly doubled between 2000 and 2013.
Total official flows from all providers for medical research and basic health sectors were $8.9 billion in 2014. Within this total, official development assistance (ODA) from DAC donors was $4.5 billion in 2014, an increase of 20 per cent in real terms since 2010, with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America accounting for $2.6 billion of that total. In 2014, $1 billion was spent on malaria control and $1.2 billion was spent on other infectious diseases, excluding AIDS.
Second Global Sustainable Transport Conference
Thu 14 - Sat 16 Oct 2021
High-level Political Forum 2021
Tue 06 - Thu 15 Jul 2021
2021 SDGs Learning, Training and Practice
Tue 06 - Mon 12 Jul 2021
LAUNCH OF E-LEARNING COURSE ON HARNESSING CLIMATE and SDGs SYNERGIES
Tue 06 - Tue 06 Jul 2021
Interagency report for second Global Sustainable Transport Conference
Exploring Youth Entrepreneurship
DESA Policy Briefs on COVID19
Dispatches from the Field: Scientists, experts and policy makers addressing the Covid-19 crisis around the world


text:
The Apple-Google Mobile Battle Continues As Other Platforms Sit and Watch
Kevin C. Tofel Jun 14, 2010 - 12:01 PM CDT
Apple's iPhone and iPod touch (s aapl) may currently be the most popular mobile browsing devices in North America, but handsets using Google's Android (s goog) operating system are quickly eroding Apple's lead. Over the past year, Android browser share on mobiles has increased 12.2 percent and is now used by one in five mobile web users in North America, according to Quantcast, a San Francisco-based web analytics firm. While browsing is down on nearly all other platforms, Apple's drop is the steepest, down 8.1 percent in the last 12 months. But Android's gain can really only take a bite out of Apple as everyone else is essentially sitting on the sidelines.
Most of Android's browser share gain in Quantcast's data appears in the past eight months — looking at the graph, you can see the Android trend really take off in October of last year. Not so coincidentally, that's exactly when Verizon (s vz) launched the Motorola (s mot) Droid; the then-updated Android 2.0 operating system with later-added multitouch morphed Android from a platform for techies to one that most consumers could comfortably use. It also helps that U.S. Android handset sales outpaced those of Apple in the first quarter of this year and that Droid launched on the largest U.S. carrier with 92.8 million customers.
While Apple and Google aren't the only players in the North American smartphone market, Quantcast's data makes clear that for the moment, everyone else is an "also ran" when it comes to mobile browsing. Indeed, the numbers ought to act as a wake-up call; browsing can't be seen as a supplemental handheld activity — mobile web usage is growing faster than desktop browsing did thanks to powerful handsets, efficient browsers, wireless broadband and Wi-Fi access. Odds are stacked against any new smartphone without a usable browser that supports multitouch capabilities, a fast JavaScript engine, simple bookmarking — perhaps even with synchronization of those bookmarks on the desktop — and support for current web standards.
Need proof? By most measures, there are more BlackBerry (s rimm) devices than iPhones or Android handsets in the U.S., yet such phones only account for around 10 percent of the mobile web consumption — easily explained by a last-generation and less capable browser. Research In Motion plans to change that with an improved browser based on WebKit, the same engine utilized by both Apple and Google for mobile web access. But until it does, the mobile browser market is a clash of the titans: Apple and Google. Microsoft's Windows Mobile share is declining and Windows Phone 7 devices aren't expected for at least another three months. Nokia (s nok) is a worldwide leader, but isn't competitive within the U.S. and Palm (s palm) is treading water pending its sale to HP (s hpq).
Related content on GigaOM Pro (subscription required):
Why the Mobile Web (Not Just Apps) Is Critical for Retailers
MuniFi
Webkit Browser
12 Responses to "The Apple-Google Mobile Battle Continues As Other Platforms Sit and Watch"
mrrtmrrt June 15, 2010
Kevin, be careful relying on only one source.
Net Applications found that the iPhone actually gained more mobile browser share than Android in May 2010, going from 30.3% to 32.8%. In the same timeframe, Android went from 5.3% to only 6.2%.
Likewise, the iPad in only two months has already captured more browser marketshare than all Android devices put together as measured by Morgan Stanley.
Also, you shouldn't rely on those dodgy numbers from NPD which suggest that Android sales in the USA have over-taken the iPhone. NPD only covers the consumer market and considering that 40% of AT&T's iPhone sales are to businesses, right there NPD's figures go out the window. (Android's business share is much less due to lack of hardware encryption, exchange support, remote wipe etc).
Nielsen reports that the iPhone outnumbered Android by three to one (28% vs 9%) in the USA during q1 2010 with both growing their share by 2%. And these numbers don't include the other members of the iOS platform – the iPod touch or the rip roaring iPad which together double the size of the iOS platform. Remember it's not just about the phone anymore – it's the platform.
-Mart
Vinayak June 15, 2010
Good article. It'll be interesting to see how Apple arrests this trend. One (apparently not!) obvious strategy is to open up the iPhone to other carriers in the US. A snazzy product can only go far in stoking adoption: the fact that a lot of customers are beholden to non AT&T carriers still doesn't seem to have dawned on the Cupertino folks. Also, it's hard to see how worse off the other carriers will be, given AT&T's problems. Seems like a problem that is pretty much up to Apple to solve.
http://bit.ly/97iYNh
fring June 15, 2010
This is plain selective reporting. Quantcast state that iPad browsing is excluded from this graph. But since the same site also shows that in 2 months, iPad browser share has already eclipsed RIMM, Android and iPodtouch figures, you could equally say that in fact Apples iOS share has gone up against Android rather than down since they purport to show 'web browsing' share rather phone sales.
Who can you believe anyway? If I really wanted to skew the figures, I could show that Android and all the also-rans eclipsed Apple by a factor of 10 by choosing Flash heavy sites as the metric for measurement. They say the figures are based on site visits but do not disclose which ones.
GoodThings2Life June 14, 2010
Obviously this does scream out how big a role Android has taken in the smartphone space, and how much people are buying into the Android market.
But more importantly, it definitely sends conflicting but uncertain ideas about the iPhone though. You can see it several ways, any of which may have valid points… either people hate AT&T so they are leaving carriers, and Android is the only choice; or they are getting sick of the iPhone and AT&T doesn't have any other viable choice; or they are tired of both Apple and AT&T… perhaps a combination of all three.
Scott June 14, 2010
It's important to remember that Apple's decrease in browser share can happen in two ways: either smartphone users leave the iPhone for another platform (presumably Android) or the growth in new users is skewed towards a different platform relative to the previous distribution. The most likely scenario is a combination of these two trends. Remember, it's only in the last six months or so that serious iPhone-like smart phones have appeared on other carriers and offered a real smartphone option to those who were for whatever reason unable or unwilling to switch to ATT.
Shock Me June 14, 2010
I think this just demonstrates the pent up demand for iPhones on CDMA carriers. Android will continue its meteoric rise until the iPhone appears on other US carriers. However, Android is good enough to steal and keep a significant amount of mind share even after the iPhone appears on their preferred carrier.
In the mean time HTC is feasting on the other category fairly heavily also. Won't be long be fore its gaping maw begins nibbling at RIM also.
mark June 14, 2010
Given the surge in smartphone devices onto the Verizon/T-Mobile/Sprint networks due to Android since Oct, I think the QuantCast numbers are mostly accurate. But the rate of growth will slow as the "first adopters" get their desires fulfilled – about 20-25% on each network. AT&T is already into this slower period of trying to persuade additional users to switch to smartphones.
Also, more iPhones are using Apps now to access websites, so that could decrease general hits on a webpage.
Philippe Winthrop June 14, 2010
This data can be misleading. What is meant by share? Are we talking traffic? RIM uses heavy data compression that greatly skews this out of their favor.
DemiGuru June 14, 2010
I highly doubt that they are measuring data volume.
"Shares" more than likely implies number of hits per user-agent.
Kevin C. Tofel June 14, 2010
Good question, Philippe, and although Quantcast doesn't specifically mention the metric used, I believe it has nothing to do with throughput measurement. As you say, RIM data would be skewed, as would any device using Opera Mini, for example.
I do know that Quantcast uses tracking code available for use on any website in order to measure traffic analytics.
VDI in the Age of Covid-19: Remote Work and the Challenge of the Virtualized Client
Be realistic on costs and benefits
Jon Collins Apr 8, 2020 - 4:47 AM CDT
Getting the basics right
Five questions for… Keri Gilder, Chief Commercial Officer, Colt Technology Services. Can Connectivity be linked to Customer Experience?
Jon Collins Mar 4, 2019 - 3:54 AM CST
The App Store saved us from carriers. But who will save us now?
By Katie Jansen, CMO of AppLovin Jul 18, 2018 - 1:55 PM CDT

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We know that many employers research potential candidates online, but one job-seeker recently argued in court that Google's autocomplete feature has tarnished his reputation and hindered his ability to get work. "The autocomplete function in Google's search bar fills in crimes when my client's name is entered," said Hiroyuki Tomita, a lawyer in Tokyo, where the case was heard. "He lost his job, and has had other job offers rescinded, likely because of this association."
It turns out that when users type in the man's name, crimes reported in a false story about him pop up. Due to privacy considerations, his name and the crimes he's said to have committed were not publicly released.
This isn't the first time that Google users have brought forth complaints that the search suggestions facilitate online defamation. PC World Australia points out that similar legal proceedings have taken place in France, Italy, Ireland and stateside. Do you think that Google should manually remove erroneous and reputation-harming search suggestions upon request?
Facebook vs. Google: Which Employer Suits You Best?


text:
Spencer Dinwiddie on turning his contract into an investment: Free agency is always gambling
By Kristian Winfield
Spencer Dinwiddie thinks he's a boring guy — a really, really boring guy. He just happens to have a really, really original idea.
"I'm really just a dude that cooks, plays with his son and thinks about stuff in his spare time outside of dedicating about six hours or so to basketball stuff," he said on Tuesday. "That's how you come up with stuff like that."
The "stuff like that" Dinwiddie is referring to is an idea he's attempting to turn into reality — an idea the NBA has fought every step of the way.
Dinwiddie is trying to break new ground in the NBA. He's attempting to turn his new three-year, $34.3 million contract extension into a digital investment vehicle. No one is quite sure what that means, exactly, but the NBA is firmly against the general idea.
In basic terms, Dinwiddie's proposal is to sell shares of his salary as digital tokens. This would functionally turn the contract into a lump-sum, upfront payment rather than a traditional salary. The tokens would be backed by Dinwiddie's actual paychecks, which are guaranteed, though we don't know specifics like how much each would cost or how many would be available.
For Dinwiddie, the upside is he would get more of his money right away, as long as people buy the tokens. Token buyers would have the potential to earn a significant return on investment ahead of the 2021-22 season, when Dinwiddie has a player option he can turn down and enter unrestricted free agency, where thriving players generally see their first massive pay raise.
Of course, investors also have the potential to lose money should Dinwiddie opt out of the $12.6 million player option into an ice-cold market unwilling to pay him the raise he's expecting.
Spencer Dinwiddie is at odds with the NBA over his unique plan to turn his contract into an investment. (Mary Altaffer/AP)
If that sounds like standard daytrading fare, that's the reason the NBA has a problem with Dinwiddie's plan, although, the league's objections have changed many times since Dinwiddie began the negotiations.
First, the NBA felt he was violating the collective bargaining agreement by assigning a contract as a third-party transfer. Dinwiddie's lawyers explained that wasn't the case. Next, the league argued the player option on the third year of his contract is considered a token towards gambling.
Dinwiddie finds the gambling objection particularly ridiculous. After all, a player opting out of a guaranteed paycheck to enter the free agent market is always a gamble.
"That's up for interpretation, right?" he said. "But if I opt out of my player option and get a max contract, am I gambling? Oh it's a slippery slope," he continues, before hitting his point: "It's not the fan piece that makes it gambling, whether it's a million people involved or one person involved. It's the piece of it that's either gambling or not gambling. So if it is [gambling], then guys, that's a CBA issue. I didn't make a player option to do this. I just said since I have a player option, let's do this.
"I'm merely just saying since the CBA is the way it is, can I do this with my money?"
The NBA's answer remains no.
According to a recent report by The Athletic, the NBA has taken additional steps to deter Dinwiddie from seeing this through. They have hired outside legal counsel — the Debevoise & Plimpton law firm — and informed Dinwiddie that his digital token cannot be approved.
Dinwiddie intends to move forward with his digital token anyway. If he does so without NBA approval, according to The Athletic, he could be subject to termination of his contract, fines and suspension without pay.
"They got mad and, once again, it's like guys, I'm not doing anything wrong," Dinwiddie said. "I mean, we kind of broke down the fact that the assignment was baseless, right? Their new thing was that a player option is gambling. And I was like, if it's gambling because I'm involving the fans then it's gambling if I'm not involving the fans, it would just be the option that's gambling. But you guys put it in my contract, not me."
The NBA and Dinwiddie are at a standstill, and Dinwiddie says he plans to appeal if the league chooses to take serious disciplinary action against him when he chooses to carry on with his plan.


I was driving back from NOLA and was around the Houston area. I heard a pop that sounded like a loud shot & heard a rattling noise. I pulled over and realized the sunroof had exploded.
I called a my insurance and told them the car wasn't drivable because I was freaked out. I was going to have it towed and go to a hotel. When the tow came he mentioned they would charge to tow it to storage until the morning, fix it, plus I didn't have a cc for car rental or hotel. He recommended I find somewhere to break out the rest of the glass and said the shade should hold. I was surprised when I was because it was not even real glass, it broke apart easily and I swept it up carefully without pulling the shade and drove back to Austin afterwards. I traded in the car and have a new jeep (no sunroof). I love Jeeps but this was unacceptable. It's happened before but there is no recall because you don't lose control of the vehicle.
It's still a BIG safety concern and if it happens they don't fix it or cover injuries or damages? This seems wrong to me so I want to report it online so that people can keep the shade closed and be preventative or know it's unsafe to have the sunroof.


text:
Q: Improvements for the AmazonS3 presignedURL in Android I'm looking for some improvements and recommendations for the AmazonS3 presignedURL with Cognito. I've noticed that sometimes the expiration date expires sooner than set. This causes the error "Unexpected response code 400".
MainActivity.java
// Amazon S3
private AmazonS3 amazonS3;

public AmazonS3 getAmazonS3() {
    return amazonS3;
}

public void setAmazonS3(AmazonS3 amazonS3) {
    this.amazonS3 = amazonS3;
}

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

    // AWS
    RunnableAWSS3 runnableAWSS3 = new RunnableAWSS3(activity);
    Thread thread = new Thread(runnableAWSS3);
    thread.start();
    thread.join();

    // Getting the JSON data stored in S3 bucket
    JsonObjectRequest jsonObjectRequest = new JsonObjectRequest(Request.Method.GET, runnableAWSS3.getPresignedURL(), null, response -> {
        ...
    });
}

RunnableAWSS3.java
public class RunnableAWSS3 implements Runnable {

private final ActivityMain activityMain;

private URL presignedURL;

public RunnableAWSS3(@NonNull Activity activity) {
    activityMain = (ActivityMain) activity;
}

@Override
public void run() {
    if (activityMain.getAmazonS3() == null) {
        // AWS
        // Initialize the Amazon Cognito credentials provider
        CognitoCachingCredentialsProvider cognitoCachingCredentialsProvider = new CognitoCachingCredentialsProvider(
                activityMain,
                "us-east-1:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
                Regions.US_EAST_1
        );
        activityMain.setAmazonS3(new AmazonS3Client(cognitoCachingCredentialsProvider, Region.getRegion(Regions.US_EAST_1)));
    }

    // Set the presigned URL to expire after twelve hours.
    presignedURL = activityMain.getAmazonS3().generatePresignedUrl(
            "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
            "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
            new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 43200000));
}

public String getPresignedURL() {
    return presignedURL.toString();
}
}

Sometimes I'm getting an error E/Volley: [200] NetworkUtility.shouldRetryException: Unexpected response code 400 for ... when getting the presigned URL.
I would appreciate some recommendations for the improvements.

A: Presigned URLs have restricted expiration time based on how they were signed. For temporary credentials like with cognito it will have a much smaller expiration time than if it was signed using IAM credentials. Your presigned urls expire as soon as the session for the cognito user expires.
https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/presigned-url-s3-bucket-expiration/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Heather and I know each other through our mutual friend Meghan who I was close friends with growing up. Once we headed off to college, Heather and Meghan roomed together which is how Heather and I met. Now all of these years later, Heather and I live in neighboring states (Meghan, come visit!)! Their kids were troopers in the freezing shade --a few mini mm's helped a bit-- with mostly giggles and smiles the whole time. Does it get any sweeter? I just loved, loved getting to photograph them. Their kids were just the cutest!
I'll be posting sneaks of the fall family sessions I had last weekend in Marietta, GA, starting with this awesome family who I have photographed since their second to youngest daughter was just a tiny little thing. It's so fun to see a family grow, especially when they have such sweet, adorable kids!


text:
Q: Way to debug Meteor code? I would like to debug Meteor code with simple console.log and some code changing, to see if I can pinpoint the problem. But when I edit .meteor/local/build/app/packages/livedata/ file, for example, it is overriden back by Meteorite, when I run it again. What is the best way to just temporary change the running code?
Explains how to attach with debugger, but I am interested in more a better local development cycle. So that I can run my own Meteor app but fix code a bit also in Meteor, to see how things interact.
I suspect that the issue is with Meteorite, which replaces code automatically so it is not possible to run Meteor with local changes?


text:
Terrified Trump Goes Berserk Over Jan 6 Hearings
"January 6th was not simply a protest, it represented the greatest movement in the history of our Country to Make America Great Again" — that's one of the disturbing remarks ex-President Trump made as the Thursday public hearing of the House committee investigating the Capitol riot approached.
It's all right there: Trump and those allied with him are willing to gloss over and maybe even condone political violence if it suits their purposes. Sometimes making sense of Trump's word salad is genuinely difficult, but that's the general idea — and glossing over what happened seems to have an inherent element of being fine with it, or at least fine enough with it to just forge on even while the death toll rises.
Trump posted some of his latest remarks essentially excusing at least some of what happened on Truth Social, his alternative social media platform. In full, he said: "The Unselect Committee didn't spend one minute studying the reason that people went to Washington, D.C., in massive numbers, far greater than the Fake News Media is willing to report, or that the Unselects are willing to even mention, because January 6th was not simply a protest, it represented the greatest movement in the history of our Country to Make America Great Again. It was about an Election that was Rigged and Stolen, and a Country that was about to go to HELL..& look at our Country now!"
"The Unselect Committee of political Thugs, essentially the same group who brought you the now fully debunked and discredited RUSSIA, RUSSIA, RUSSIA HOAX (and many others!), refused to study and report on the massive amount of irrefutable evidence, much of it recently produced, that shows the 2020 Presidential Election was Rigged and Stolen," Trump also ranted on Thursday. "They want NOTHING to do with that topic because they cannot win on the facts. CANCEL & DENY, call it "THE BIG LIE," is all they can do. Corrupt Politicians!"
Calling committee members "the Unselects" just confirms — not that anyone needed confirmation — what a clown the former president actually is. He's not a serious person in the sense of being someone who's committed to something other than his own whims. What his ridiculous remarks are useful for is illustrating how what happened on January 6 wasn't some surprise, one-off occurrence — it was embedded in the fabric of Trumpism. He's rejected reality at just about every turn, and many of his followers have done the same. In its place, there's been a cultivation of dangerous, anti-democratic vitriol — and what if next time, the Trump wing of the GOP actually has enough people on their side to stop the certification of an election outcome they don't like?
Trump also complained about Nancy Pelosi's supposed culpability in circumstances allowing for the violence of January 6, a right-wing conspiracy theory that's been addressed elsewhere. Witnesses at the Thursday hearing were set to include the first police officer to be injured as the rioting got underway.
trump riot
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text:
require 'json'
require 'rest-client' if Puppet.features.restclient?

require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', '..', '..', 'puppet_x', 'fme', 'helper.rb'))
require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', 'fme')

Puppet::Type.type(:fme_repository).provide(:rest_client, :parent => Puppet::Provider::Fme) do
  confine :feature => :restclient
  if Puppet::Util::Platform.windows?
    confine :exists => 'C:/fme_api_settings.yaml'
  else
    confine :exists => '/etc/fme_api_settings.yaml'
  end

  mk_resource_methods

  def initialize(value = {})
    super(value)
    @baseurl = Fme::Helper.get_url
  end

  def self.instances
    url = "#{Fme::Helper.get_url}/repositories"
    response = RestClient.get(url, :params => { 'detail' => 'high' }, :accept => :json)
    repos = JSON.parse(response)
    repos.map do |repo|
      repo_properties = {}
      repo_properties[:ensure]      = :present
      repo_properties[:provider]    = :rest_client
      repo_properties[:name]        = repo['name']
      repo_properties[:description] = repo['description']
      new(repo_properties)
    end
  end

  def create
    url = "#{@baseurl}/repositories"
    params = { 'name' => resource[:name], 'description' => resource[:description] }.delete_if { |_k, v| v.nil? }
    RestClient.post(url, '', :params => params, :content_type => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', :accept => :json) do |response, _request, _result|
      case response.code
      when 201
        @property_hash = Fme::Helper.response_to_property_hash(response)
      else
        # Raise an error for all other response codes. Examples are
        # 401 - 'Unauthorised'
        # 409 - 'The repository already exists' (This shouldn't be possible)!
        # 422 - 'Some or all of the input parameters are invalid'
        raise Puppet::Error, "FME Rest API returned #{response.code} when creating #{resource[:name]}. #{JSON.parse(response)}"
      end
    end
  end

  def destroy
    RestClient.delete("#{@baseurl}/repositories/#{resource[:name]}", :accept => :json)
    @property_hash[:ensure] = :absent
  end

  def description=(_value)
    raise Puppet::Error, "FME API doesn't support updating the repository description"
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Jacob Houston at the Hyde – 4/7 through 6/23
by Webmaster | Mar 27, 2019 | Open Studio News | 0 comments
A Magical World at The Hyde
Sunday, April 7, through Sunday, June 23
GLENS FALLS, New York — Nothing seemed extraordinary about the conversations Jacob Houston had with three separate bicyclists who visited his studio during a Washington County studio tour a few summers ago.
So when he received a letter a year later from a man who introduced himself as curator of The Hyde Collection — an avid bicyclist who had stopped and chatted with Houston and his parents on that lovely summer day — and asked if Houston might be interested in an exhibition at the Museum, the 26-year-old artist was in disbelief.
"It was almost unreal," he said. "It didn't make sense; I didn't expect my stuff to be in The Hyde!"
But, beginning April 7, twenty-three of Houston's paintings will be exhibited in the Museum's Hoopes Gallery in A Magical World: The Art of Jacob Houston. The exhibition runs through June 23.
Jacob might be the only one surprised to see his acrylic works at the Museum. Since early elementary school, he has been awing the region with his bright, detailed art.
When he was 12 years old, he entered one of his paintings into the Washington County Fair Farm exhibition and won first prize — an honor he took home every year until he aged out of the competition.
In the years since, he has exhibited his art at venues that include Gallery 668 in Battenville, New York; Lapham Gallery, Samantha's, 6 Pine Street Gallery, and Gallery 99 in Glens Falls; Saratoga Arts Center in Saratoga Springs; Milne Library in Williamstown, Massachusetts; Greenwich Free Library and the Washington County Farm Museum in Greenwich, New York; The Green Bridge Gallery in Cambridge, New York; Historic Salem Courthouse in Salem, New York; Southern Vermont Arts Center in Manchester, Vermont; and Salmagundi Club in New York City.
"Jacob's open-hearted, joyful view of the world captivated me immediately," said Jonathan Canning, director of curatorial affairs and programming at The Hyde Collection, remembering the 2017 studio tour. "I looked at his portrayal of New York City and I felt the wonder of my first trip there."
Canning is just the latest to recognize Jacob's talent. Houston won first prize at Lapham Gallery's first LARAC 120 degrees Intercollegiate Art Competition, competing with artists from colleges throughout the region. His art has also been exhibited in a three-person show at LARAC and in a solo exhibition at Southern Vermont Arts Center. He was featured artist in the Malta League of Arts' Arts Attitude exhibition. He has also twice been selected to be part of the National Society of Casein & Acrylic Painters' exhibit at the Salmagundi Club in Manhattan.
Houston is mostly self-taught and paints the beauty he finds in the world around him, what he encounters in his travels, and places he can only dream about. "I paint something I find interesting," he said. "I might want to travel there, or I have been there and like it a lot."
Among his travels so far are New York City, France, Ireland, and Rome. Right now, his favorite work of art is Africa, although he has never been there. To create it, he looked up photographs on the Internet. "I take a bunch of images, then put my own take on it," he said, from the Greenwich home where he lives with his parents, Jim, a civil engineer, and Claire, a retired fifth-grade teacher who now serves as her son's manager.
"He treats it as a regular career," Claire Houston said, describing how her son works Monday through Friday at the family's dining room table.
She said Jacob's love of art and talent for it were evident early on. His evolution as an artist is chronicled in a series of albums she created and proudly displays in the cozy den of their family home.
Page after page, a young Jacob smiles at the camera next to works of art that become more refined but maintain a bright, dreamlike characteristic throughout.
"When I was 5, I did it for fun," he said. "But still, nothing is better. Art's always the first thing."
View Press Release Here
2 to 5 pm Saturday, April 6
All Member Opening for Jacob Houston
Celebrate the opening of A Magical World: The Art of Jacob Houston! Washington County artist Jacob Houston will be in the gallery to discuss his artwork and inspiration. Jacob has charmed audiences throughout the Northeast with his idyllic land- and cityscapes and detailed glimpses into everyday life. With bright colors and enamel-like scenes, he romanticizes the places he travels, re-creating the world as he sees it — full of joy, wonder, and beauty. Free for Museum members. Not a member? Become a Member for a Day! Non-members may attend by paying a $5 activity fee, plus Museum admission (both of which is taken off the price of membership should they choose to register). RSVP by contacting 518-792-1761, ext. 310, or adminassist@hydecollection.org.


text:
Dreamcloud Mattress Vs Casper Wave
After years of traveling for leisure and work, and sharing rooms with colleagues and friends, I've discovered that preferences in beds come down to a matter of taste. In this case, taste relies hugely on quality of sleep. So in finding the bed that's right for you, it can not be as simple as taking just anybody's word on which ones are good and which ones aren't. You'll need to think about your size, your weight, your build, what position you sleep in, and whether or not you share a bed with a spouse, a child, a pet, or some laundry.
I have rounded up three of the more affordable but highly rated mattresses that are currently in the market. In my view, the DreamCloud beats them in convenience, luxury, and comfort; though I reiterate the value of personal taste.
DreamCloud Description Dreamcloud Mattress Vs Casper Wave
The DreamCloud is one of the first beds-in-boxes, compressed and delivered to your doorstep. It's a 15-inch hybrid mattress, with 5 layers of mixed memory materials and coils. Its Euro Top cover is a blend of cashmere and polyester, quilted and reinforced at the edges, giving the bed a snug, seamless, and plush quality. The gel swirl in its own memory foam gives a cooling sensation, even as your body sinks into the top layer. The memory technology offers pressure relief by contouring to the areas of the body which protrude into the mattress, particularly the shoulders and hips. The poly foam underneath it acts as the supporting layer, allowing more stability and adequate spinal alignment. Its next layer is 8 inches of coils that give a bouncy response to touch, increasing mobility for repositioning the body on the surface. The coils are individually wrapped, permitting independent movement. This greatly reduces motion transfer, or the disturbance of different regions of the bed. At the very bottom is a firm foam that serves as a sturdy foundation for the whole mattress.
Both the DreamCloud and Saatva are hybrid mattresses which are very similar in features, but differ in subtle ways. For starters, Saatva, though also available online, is not a bed in a box, and is not compressed when delivered. They've coils and memory materials in their makeup, but their ratios and assembly produce some variance.
Composition Dreamcloud Mattress Vs Casper Wave
The Saatva is also a hybrid mattress, with a blend of foams and coils. They have 2 variations: an 11.5-inch and a 14.5-inch mattress; but for the purpose of making comparisons with the DreamCloud, I will explain the latter, which is a approximate.
Its antibacterial, cotton Euro Top covers a mixture of memory substances and wires, to encourage lumbar support and spinal alignment. The following 4 inches of the mattress is made from foam-wrapped coils, which compress or spring back depending on the pressure exerted. An additional layer of steel coils make up another 7 inches, further stabilizing the top layers and encouraging durability. All edges of the mattress are reinforced by a foam, to enhance edge support throughout the sleep surface.
The biggest differences of this Saatva mattress are the total height of its coils, and the foam perimeter. Their stability is similar, with DreamCloud allowing a bit more sinkage to its Euro Top and memory layers, and Saatva in a slightly firmer medium.
Both have responsive substances that provide good mobility to shifting sleepers. But if we take note of the composition, remember that Saatva has more coil and less foam. The DreamCloud's thicker foam layers can suck up more energy, and can therefore muffle individual movements better. This is an important consideration for light sleepers, and those that share beds. Saatva's advantage lies in its solid perimeter support, maximizing every bit of this mattress, with no collapsing at the sides.
Saatva's costs are at least $100 cheaper, from their Twin to Queen dimensions; but even out with DreamCloud for its King and California Kings. They range between from $799-$1599, with DreamCloud offering discounts on their website more frequently.
Key Takeaways Dreamcloud Mattress Vs Casper Wave
The DreamCloud has a more luxurious feel, because of its lavish, cashmere blend Euro Top, and upper memory layers. The gel-infused memory technology enables you to sleep cooler throughout the evening. The combination of foam gives it more sinkage, which is ideal for back and side sleepers; the latter is granted excellent pressure relief for shoulders and hips. It has a perfect balance of comfort and support, and excellent reduction of movement for co-sleepers.
Saatva is a firmer medium mattress, and naturally boasts of greater lumbar alignment. Its firmness is also great for people who sleep on their stomachs, as the top keeps you on the mattress without stifling your face. Its edge support, thanks to its all-foam perimeter, has better stability. This is good for those who use their beds to double as sitting areas, or tend to dangle over the sides when sleeping.
Contrary to DreamCloud, Nectar is a multi-layer, all-foam mattress. Its design includes several kinds of foam to serve a variety of functions. At 11 inches tall, its base layer is its thickest component, made of 6 inches of firm but breathable foam. Above that is 3 inches of an adaptive memory foam, made for contouring to the sleeper's body and alleviating pressure from certain areas. An inch of what Nectar describes as "semi-open lush foam" is sandwiched between the latter and the upper layer, made of a quilted gel memory foam. The mattress is encased in long-staple cotton and Tencel fabric, which are light and airy materials.
Based on the disparity of the composition, you'd expect very distinctive features from either mattress. However, that's not the case with these two. Both have been classified as medium firm, with Nectar being just a notch firmer; despite that, they both have a fair amount of sinkage and pressure relief.
The main difference is DreamCloud's amount of bounce, giving sleepers more freedom when repositioning. This is due to the presence of coils, which is absent from Nectar. Having said that, Nectar's product gives its sleepers a deeper hug as the assortment of foams shape to their bodies. This same quality translates to slightly better motion isolation, attributable to its pure foam design.
Just about all of Nectar's prices are nearly half of DreamCloud's, save for the King and California King, whose costs continue to be a good $500 cheaper. This may be attributed to the quantity and quality of materials used. Recall that the Nectar is just 11 inches tall, while the DreamCloud is a full 4 inches taller. What you don't pay for in Nectar's mattress is the feel of DreamCloud's plush cashmere mix, which really sets it apart as an affordable luxury bed.
Off the bat, you can make a choice based on if you enjoy the feeling of being "in" the mattress or "on" the bed. Sleepers who prefer to lay tight and cozy in their beds would love Nectar's foams, while those who want a lighter cradle, whilst keeping to the surface should opt for the DreamCloud. Those who sleep in a mixture of positions during the night may also benefit more from DreamCloud's responsive materials. Both dissipate heat, thanks to their gel parts, so hot sleepers will enjoy the breathability of both mattresses as well.
DreamCloud VS Casper Dreamcloud Mattress Vs Casper Wave
Much like the Nectar, Casper is an all-foam mattress. At only 10 inches, Casper is made of 4 inches of a assorted range of foams. The 1st 3 layers are equally 1.5 inches thick. Its top layer is a bouncy, perforated poly foam which they refer to as "open cell," which increases breathability. The next layer has the memory material that provides compression and pressure relief. The bottom 2 layers are poly foams of increasing density toward the bottom, giving the mattress a foundation and stability.
Though made of different materials and constructed quite differently, both possess a medium firm feel, with Casper on the firmer end of the scale. It follows that Casper provides a feels more supportive when lying on the back, but the DreamCloud provides better stress relief for both back and side sleepers.
Though both mattresses are springy, the DreamCloud especially returns to its shape quicker than Casper. This exact same characteristic, with the inclusion of DreamCloud's coils, make it easier for combination sleepers to move about at night. Despite Casper's layout for a breathable top foam, DreamCloud wicks the heat better, which may be attributed to its gel cooling technologies.
Casper's prices range from $595-$1295, while DreamCloud begins at $899 for the Twin and up to $1599 for the California King. Casper has a free trial of 100 days, while DreamCloud offers a full 365 days. Respectively, the former provides a 10-year guarantee, while the latter promises a life.
DreamCloud is the obvious winner between these two, in terms of comfort and luxury. However, their cost gap is also significant, so based upon your budget, Casper's not a bad option.
Recommendations Dreamcloud Mattress Vs Casper Wave
Buying a mattress isn't something that should be done on a whim; it's a very important decision. There are plenty of things to consider, and most important are your personal preferences and needs. In fact, a long and healthy life depends on it. The amount of money that goes into those is no small thing, so review and discern before making a decision. You will sleep better at night.


text:
Killer escapes jail sentence after being hauled back to court
A CONVICTED killer was back in the dock at court yesterday after terrorising his own mum at her Paisley home.
Get the latest Renfrewshire stories sent straight to your inbox with our daily newsletter
Norman Carlton subjected his mother, Carol Ann McKinnon, to a frightening ordeal not long after he was released from prison, where he had served 11 years for brutally stabbing a man to death.
Paisley Sheriff Court heard that his mum was left "shaking uncontrollably" after he turned up at her home and demanded to be let in.
When she refused and locked the doors instead, he shouted: "I'm coming in. That's it, we're going to war."
However, 27-year-old Carlton escaped a fresh prison sentence yesterday as a Sheriff decided to give him one last chance to mend his ways.
Shameless Carlton, of Gallowhill, Paisley, then smirked as he left court, flashing a one-fingered gesture as he walked out of the building.
He had previously hit the headlines back in 2001 when he was jailed for killing 34-year-old dad-of-three Patrick Brady at a flat in Orchard Street, Paisley.
Patrick, who was from Linwood and worked as a labourer, was wounded in the chest, stomach and face on March 11, 2001, and was taken to the Royal Alexandra Hospital, in Paisley, but died the following day.
Carlton was originally charged with murdering his victim but the Crown accepted his plea to the lesser charge of culpable homicide.
He had downed sedatives and drank tonic wine before attacking Patrick, who was the father of three young boys.
Carlton ordered everyone out of a room at the flat after announcing he was going to stab his victim.
When the killer was sentenced at the High Court in Edinburgh, he taunted relatives of his victim, making clenched fist salutes and blowing kisses.
When Carlton made his latest appearance in court yesterday, it was stated that the police had been alerted after he went to his mum's home in Barshaw Drive, Paisley, on April 15 this year. She locked him outside, at which stage he picked up two stones and smashed a window and a glass door panel.
When a neighbour came outside to tell him to stop, Carlton asked: "Do you want some?"
Carlton admitted conducting himself in a disorderly manner by demanding entry to the property, banging on the door, attempting to gain access, uttering threats, smashing a window and committing a breach of the peace.
Depute fiscal Lindsay MacNeil said Carlton's mum had been awakened from her sleep by the accused, who was making a loud noise as he tried to force his way into the house.
When police arrived, they found the victim in a terrified state.
Referring to his client's criminal record, defence agent Charlie McCusker said Carlton had been sentenced to eight years behind bars in 2001, with a three-year extended sentence also put in place.
The lawyer confirmed that his client had been the subject of a recall at one point, which resulted in him serving the entire 11-year stretch.
Mr McCusker said Carlton had gone to his mum's house on the day in question as she had money which belonged to him.
Sheriff Derek Livingston made Carlton the subject of a 12-month Community Payback Order which requires him to complete 160 hours of unpaid work. The accused will also have to return to court for monthly reviews.
The QueenQueen's forgotten castle that she's never lived in which Kate and William may move intoThe castle is owned by the Queen and is situated on the Windsor estate and it is reported that the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are keen to move into it.
Scots cops probing violent street shooting want to track down feared gangland boss
Police ScotlandDetectives want to track down David "Mincey" McKenzie following the attack on Brian McIlearoutside his home in Glasgow.
Cops called to 'disturbance' near Scots high school after incident involving pupils
PoliceThe incident took place around lunch time on Wednesday, January 19.
Person tragically dies after being hit by train at West Lothian station
West LothianEmergency services rushed to the scene shortly after the alarm was raised this afternoon but a person has sadly died.
'Dishonest' civil servant tied to chair and gagged at Scots fishery office loses £500k compensation bid
Scottish GovernmentAn employment tribunal has ruled DeeAnn Fitzpatrick made false claims about the date of the incident after being fired by Marine Scotland for gross misconduct.
Lanarkshire Homes & PropertyImpressive 19th century Lanarkshire villa is just what the doctor ordered for house-huntersA grand 1860s property, which was once home to a GP and war hero, comes to the market steeped in history.
Lanarkshire college reopens applications for its Rangers soccer academy coaching programme
Rangers FCThe initiative gives students the knowledge and skills they need to work as professionals or in sports development and coaching.
Tributes paid to 'lovely' Scots mum killed after being hit by car in Rutherglen
Police ScotlandAngela Marshall was knocked down by a car while on Croftfoot Road in the town at around 6.35pm on Thursday January 13.
Lanarkshire butchers are top bangers as they scoop coveted sausage awards
Lanarkshire Food & DrinkThe two butchers were both recognised with accolades at the Scottish Craft Butchers Awards
Some PIP claimants will see changes to the Motability Scheme start in a few months
MotabilityA new disability vehicle scheme, similar to the current one, will be introduced for some benefit claimants.
The three Scots villages named among the 'poshest' in the UK
PerthshireTo live your best country life, here are the most sought-after rural locations in Scotland.
LotteryWinning lottery numbers for Wednesday January 19 for estimated £2 million jackpotTonight's draw has given Scots a chance to become an overnight millionaire - was it your lucky night?
Impressive 19th century Lanarkshire villa is just what the doctor ordered for house-hunters
Lanarkshire Homes & PropertyA grand 1860s property, which was once home to a GP and war hero, comes to the market steeped in history.
Calvin Harris looks unrecognisable with beard on 38th birthday
Calvin HarrisThe Scots DJ took to Instagram to thank his fans for the birthday wishes.
ScotRail confirm travel disruption for football fans heading to St Mirren's Scottish Cup clash with Ayr United
Scottish CupThe line between Glasgow and Ayr is expected to be busier than usual as around 2,000 travelling St Mirren fans head to town.
First picture of woman tragically killed after being hit by car in Rutherglen
Police ScotlandAngela Marshall, 55, was tragically pronounced dead at the scene in Rutherglen.
Police ScotlandDetectives want to track down David "Mincey" McKenzie following the attack on Brian McIlear outside his home in Glasgow.
Scots driver's motor destroyed as dashcam captures dramatic head-on crash
Car crashesEd Bewsher shared the dramatic dashcam footage of the incident, which took place on the M6094, outside of Leadburn, Midlothian, on January 4.
BathgateEmergency services raced to Bathgate Station, West Lothian, shortly after the alarm was raised around 2.30pm on Wednesday, Janauary 19.
Queen hiring part-time maid of 'highest standards' at official Scottish residence on £9.50 an hour
The QueenThe Housekeeping Assistant at the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh will be expected to work 20 hours a week.
Struggling mum forced to wash disabled son under stairs as 'council delays home repairs'
Homes and propertyThe council has apologised to Rebecca Kotwi, aged 36, for the significant delays that have impacted her children.
'Terrorist Mafia' thug planted 'bomb' with note in Edinburgh's Princes Street Gardens
EdinburghNikolaos Karvounakis claimed to be a member of the International Terrorist Mafia - a Mexican eco- terror group - after placing the device in Edinburgh's Princes Street Gardens.


Essilor is the world leader for corrective lenses with offices in over 100 countries. In line with their mission to "improve lives by improving sight," the company develops a wide range of lenses to correct and protect eyesight, from design to manufacturing.
With 55,000 employees, 22 manufacturing plants and 400 laboratories globally, the IT infrastructure landscape comprised eight data centers worldwide. Essilor aimed to modernize its data centers and transition from a physical to a virtual environment in order to reduce cost, increase efficiency and boost performance. After the transition, 80 percent of Essilor's landscape is now virtualized on VMware, deploying approximately 5,000 virtual machines (VM) globally.
Tanweer Surve, director IT Infrastructure shared services, Essilor, discussed with Trend Micro his company's business challenges, evaluation process, benefits achieved and lessons learned in the following customer success blog.


text:
{% extends "layout.html" %}

{% block page_title %}
  Apprenticeships
{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

{% include "includes/phase_banner_beta.html" %}

Account home

{% include "includes/account-name-number.html" %}

Funding

Manage your funds including how much you have available to spend, your transactions and funds you could lose

Apprentices

Add apprentices, review and approve cohorts,and pause or stop apprentices

Find training

 Search for new apprenticeship training or find out about choosing an assessor

Team

Add and change people who have access to this service.

To do:

Forecast: not completed

Calculate your available spend

Cohorts that need your attention: 5

Review your apprentices

Requests to change apprentice details: 50

Review the changes

Apprentices that failed double lock: 12

Update details

Staff with access to account: 1

Grant access to others

</script>

{% endblock %}


-Regular maintenance by Owen Automotive.
-Recent work since 2012: Rear Leaf Springs, 4x Shock Absorbers, Rebuilt overdrive by Autofarm, Fuel Pump, Exhaust System, Wire Wheels, Tires, Hoses and Tonneau.
-Comes with side curtains, new tonneau and softtop.
-Ready to drive and enjoy.