The 84th annual men's and 28th-annual women's Pac-12 Track & Field Championships continue this weekend after the multi-events ended with OREGON's Dakotah Keys winning his third-consecutive Pac-12 decathlon title and USC freshman Amalie Iuel claiming the heptathlon crown. Now the focus turns to the running and field events which are set to take place at Mooberry Track & Field Complex on the campus of Washington State, Saturday-Sunday, May 17-18. Part two of the Championships preview will center on the running events, with part one (which was released on Thursday) concentrated on the field event.
Pac-12 fans have grown accustomed to being treated to some of the best track and field competition in the country and the world. Four men's teams and six women's teams are ranked in the top 25 in the country heading into the weekend. Additionally, four different league athletes have posted the best times/marks in the country. With the stiffest of competitions throughout the meet, 13 men's and 11 women's athletes competing have won at least one Pac-12 title in the event they are competing in within the last four years.
Below a look at the men's and women's running events, the second of a two-part championships preview.
USC's Beejay Lee ran a blistering 10.07 last year in the 100-meter race, a time that ranks in the top five in the Conference all-time, to win the Pac-12 crown. He returns to defend his title, but will be contested by teammate Aaron Brown who Lee edged for the title by just .01 seconds. Brown currently boasts the fastest time in the Pac-12 this season, ranking in the top 10 in the country. He will be looking to reclaim a title that he held in 2012. Also looking to be in the mix is ARIZONA STATE's Ryan Milus who has run the third-best time this season.
As usual, the 100 meters brings excitement to the meet, and that excitement should not waiver this year in the women's short sprint race. OREGON will have a pair of underclassmen line up at the start line and are the top contenders for this title. Jenna Prandini is the defending champion after claiming the event last year in her first-career Pac-12 meet marking the fourth-consecutive year a UO sprinter had won the event. She has posted the third-fastest time in the country this season and was a two-time Pac-12 Women's Athlete of the Week. Freshman teammate Jasmine Todd will also push Prandini, ranking 11th in the event, while USC's Jessica Davis will try to break up the Oregon party. A Pac-12 Women's Athlete of the Week, as well, she boasts a top-25 time in the event.
The Trojans will look to make it another sweep in the 200 meter, as USC claimed 1-2-3 last year. Despite the graduation of defending champion and London Olympian Bryshon Nellum, a three-man USC contingent are the favorites in this race again. Aaron Brown, who was second last year in this race, ranks sixth in the country with the Conference's top time this season of 20.19, which was tied for the fourth-fastest time in league history. Junior Davonte Stewart was third last year but is looking to improve on his podium spot. Fellow junior Beejay Lee will be looking to make the finals this time around and contend for a podium spot. The expectations are high for this group to continue USC's winning tradition in the sprint races.
The 200-meter race may come down to the wire as two of the top six runners in the country are from the Pac-12 and are only separated by .02 seconds. USC's Tynia Gaither boasts the league's top time this season and tied for the third-best in the country. But OREGON's Phyllis Francis is nipping her heels with the sixth-fastest time. Francis was second at last year's meet and was also edged at the line by fellow Duck English Francis to make it a 1-2-3 Oregon finish. Fellow Trojan Jessica Davis will try to mix things up, as well, as she already has a title in the event to her credit, winning in 2011, and having posted a top-eight time in the country this season. Also keep an eye on UO's Jenna Prandini, who was third last year, and ARIZONA's Shapri Romero. Both are also ranked in the top 25 in the country. The four sprinters are also the only ones from the Pac-12 to break 23 seconds in the event.
After finishing second the last two years in the 400-meter, OREGON's Mike Berry is looking to reclaim the title he had in 2011. Berry looks poised to do just that, having recorded the best time in the league in the event. It also ranks fifth in the country. But on his heels will be STANFORD sophomore Steven Solomon and ARIZONA STATE's Keith Cleveland, both of whom are in the top 25 in the nation in the event.
The overwhelming in the 400-meter race is OREGON's Phyllis Francis who has already won the title twice. She is the fastest in the Pac-12 at that distance and ranks third in the country. She is the only runner in the Conference to have broken 51 seconds. Ranked sixth in the country, ARIZONA's Shapri Romero was third last year and is also having a solid season in the event and was third last year. She is also one of just two sprinters, along with Francis, to break 52 seconds. But the field is deep in the 400 meters, with an additional four sprinters ranked in the top 25. Four of last year's top eight return, including ARIZONA STATE's Brianna Tate, who has the third-best time in the league, and USC's Vanessa Jones.
The field is wide open in the 800-meter race, but UCLA sophomore Nick Hartle appears to have the edge after posting the fastest time in the league in the event, over a half-second faster than the next closest time. He is also the only Pac-12 athlete in this event to rank in the top 25, coming in at eighth entering the weekend. But fellow sophomore, WASHINGTON's Izaic Yorks, junior Husky Derrick Daigre and WASHINGTON STATE's Jesse Jorgensen look to challenge Hartle in the event. Jorgensen and Hartle are the only two in the field to have advanced to the finals last year and Jorgensen was beaten out by two-time champion Oregon's Elijah Greer to place second.
The top-three middle distance runners in the country are in the Pac-12 and will go head-to-head in the 800 meters if they advance to the finals. Leading the way is two-time league champion in the event OREGON's Laura Roesler. She is aiming to become only the second athlete to ever win the event three times and the first since 2001. She goes into the race as the favorite after posting the best time in the country so far. But challenging her streak will be No. 2-ranked STANFORD Amy Weissenbach. She, along with Roessler, has the ability to post a sub-2:01.00 time in the 800-meters, a feat she accomplished last year when recorded the fifth-fastest time in Pac-12 history behind only Roessler's time. UO senior Samantha Murphy will challenge for a top-three spot as the No. 3 runner in the country. But the field is strong with an additional four runners ranking in the top 20, including ARIZONA STATE's Shelby Houlihan (No. 5), STANFORD's Claudia Saunders (No. 7), UO's Annie LeBlanc (No. 9) and UTAH's Rosalie Waller (No. 20).
ARIZONA's Lawi Lalang is the heavy favorite in the 1,500 meters after spending last summer breaking several distance records and also posting the second-fastest time in league history in the event. However, he has limited his races this spring but will be motivated to defend his back-to-back titles. Lalang will be tested by a contingent of talented runners, four of which are ranked in the top 10 in the country, and another two more in the top 25. OREGON's Mac Fleet has run the third-best time in the country, but STANFORD's Tyler Stutzman is on his heels with the sixth-best time which was only .21 slower than Fleet's. UO's Trevor Dunbar is also looking to have a solid showing as will COLORADO freshman Ben Saarel, who led his cross country Buffs to a NCAA title in the fall.
2013 Champion ARIZONA STATE's Shelby Houlihan will be looking to defend her title this year and appears to be ready to do so as the top 1,500-meter runner in the field, ranking fourth in the country. Five others are clustered together, ranking from No. 18-25, including hometown favorite WASHINGTON STATE's Ruby Roberts who is the only other runner in the field to finish in the top eight last year. Also in the field and ranked 23rd in the country is WASHINGTON's Katie Flood, who took home the NCAA title in the event in 2012.
The 5,000-meter title is up for grabs and with eight Pac-12 athletes ranked in the top 25 in the event, this race is shaping up to be one of the best in the country. OREGON's Trevor Dunbar, STANFORD's Joe Rosa and Cardinal teammate Erik Olson appear to be the favorites in this one. All three have posted time that rank in the top 10 in the country, with Dunbar's time coming in fourth, and Rosa and Olson's times are sixth and eighth, respectively. But there are some other notables that will be running in the race, including ARIZONA's Lawi Lalang, the 2011 champion as a freshman, and freshman Duck phenom Edward Cheserek, who was the NCAA Champion in cross country last fall and the USTFCCCA National Cross Country Athlete of the Year. Lalang will not be in the 10,000 meter this year, so he will give it his all to claim this title.
STANFORD's Aisling Cuffe is having an outstanding season in the 5,000 meters with her success dating back to the individual win at the Pac-12 Cross Country Championships in the fall. She broke the Conference's all-time record in the event earlier this year, also the top mark in the country so far. But challenging Cuffe will be defending champion WASHINGTON's Megan Goethals, who has overcome stress fractures over the winter to, once again, challenge in the event on the Conference and national level. The Cardinal's Jessica Tonn could also figure in the mix as a top-10-ranked runner in the event, along with four others who are in the top 25, including a pair of COLORADO Buffs in Abby Levene and Shalaya Kipp.
ARIZONA's Lawi Lalang will not be running in the 10,000-meter race this season and will not be defending his 2013 title. WASHINGTON sophomore Aaron Nelson, who has posted the top time in the Pac-12, which also ranks in the top 10 in the country, will also not compete at the Pac-12 Championships in the event. Therefore, this race is up for grabs. Some front runners include OREGON's Parker Stinson. He placed second last year and is ranked 17th at this distance. COLORADO's Morgan Pearson and CALIFORNIA's James Slater will also look to be in the mix and compete for a podium spot.
The Pac-12 has long been regarded for its distance running and the 10,000 meters showcases that well with seven of the top 25 runners in the country vying to the title. WASHINGTON's Megan Goethals will attempt the double in the 5,000 meters and 10,000 meters this year. But ARIZONA's Elvin Kibet will look to keep the title in the hands of a Wildcat after former teammate Jennifer Bergman won it last year. Kibet currently has the fastest time in the Conference and ranks fourth in the country. She is the only Pac-12 distance runner to break 33 minutes this season. But Goethal's time is also in the top-10 and will look to be a good challenge. Husky teammate Lindsay Flanagan and COLORADO's Abby Levene are also close and could challenge for a podium spot.
Four top-25 hurdlers will be in this race competing for a Pac-12 crown. Seniors Aleec Harris of USC and Milan Ristic of California have posted impressive times this season that rank in the top 10 in the country. But look for freshmen Devon Allen of OREGON and Jaron Thomas of COLORADO to challenge as both have been solid in their first-collegiate seasons.
USC's Lauren Blackburn had made big improvements this season and is going into the weekend as the top contender for the 100-meter hurdles title. She is the only Pac-12 hurdler to break 13 seconds and is ninth in the country. OREGON again puts up a talented young challenger in freshman Sasha Wallace who is knocking on the door of that 13-second mark, boasting a top-15 time in the country and the second-best in the league. UCLA's Brea Buchanan, however, will be looking to mend old wounds when she was edged out by a hair (.01) at the finish line by eventual champion former Stanford Cardinal Kori Carter to place second overall. She will look to break through for the top spot this season.
This is a young field with the top-four contenders being underclassmen, including three freshmen. CALIFORNIA's Randy Bremea is the frontrunner in this event and will look to bring home the Golden Bears' first title in the 400-meter hurdles since 1983. He was fourth at least year's race and is the top-returning finisher in the event. Leading the freshman charge is WASHINGTON STATE's CJ Allen, but is closely followed by COLORADO's Jaron Thomas and USC's Chase Peterson.
With the top-four finishers from last year having graduated and only two of the top eight returning, the 400-meter hurdles race looks to be wide open. WASHINGTON's Kayla Steuckle and Gianna Woodruff both placed in the top eight last year and look to be contenders for podium spots this season having posted the third- and second-best marks in the league this season, respectively. The duo also rank in the top 20 in the event. But ARIZONA's freshman Nnenya Hailey has been impressive in her inaugural season, posting the best mark in the Pac-12 which also ties for sixth in the country.
COLORADO is known for its steeplechase tradition and, in its short stint as a member of the Pac-12, has already taken three league titles in the event (one men's and two women's). One of the lead contenders this season is the Buffs' Blake Theroux. But the fastest time this season in the event goes to OREGON's Tanguy Pepiot, who is the only Conference athlete ranked in the top 25 in the nation in the event. A pair of Sun Devils, ARIZONA STATE's Steven Schneiders and Daniel Wong should also challenge in the event.
The run-away favorite in the 3,000-meter steeplechase is COLORADO's Shalaya Kipp, who won the 2012 title, the same year she qualified for the U.S. Olympic squad in the event and went on to compete in London. Looking to continue the Buffs' tradition of excellence in the steeplechase, she owns the best time in the country in the steeplechase by nearly 4.5 seconds and is the only runner in the Conference to break the 10-minute mark. The last two winners of the event were Buffs and Olympians (Emma Coburn in 2013). But OREGON senior Megan Patrignelli also looks to make a case for herself having posted the second-best time in the Conference and eighth in the country. While also looking to vie for a spot on the podium are WASHINGTON's Liberty Miller and ARIZONA's Chea Formaz.


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Funky Dineva
1 Funky Dineva- Biography
2 What is the Net Worth of Funky Dineva? Salary, Earnings
3 Funky Dineva- Relationship, Boyfriend
4 Funky Dineva- Professional Career
5 Body Measurements: Height, Weight, Hair color
6 Social Media Details
Funky Dineva- Biography
Funky Dineva is a well-known YouTuber known for his sense of humor. On August 20, 1983, he was born in Florida, USA.
Dineva is a well-known YouTuber and former member of the broadcast industry; he is gay and content with his sexuality. Funky is 36 years old and rose to prominence at a young age. He has over 2 million YouTube subscribers and is an Instagram celebrity. His astrological sign is Leo. After his birth, he was given the name Quentin Latham. His social media handle Funky Dineva, on the other hand, has made him famous.
What is the Net Worth of Funky Dineva? Salary, Earnings
Funky's net worth is $500,000.He is a talk show host and a social media performer. Funky has a net worth of 500,000 dollars.
Most notably, he rose to prominence by providing recaps and thoughts on the reality television show Love & Hip Hop Atlanta. Before entering the realm of reality television, he was preoccupied with his YouTube videos. Then, after his YouTube success.
Funky is gay and is not currently in a relationship. He has, however, always been honest about his sexuality. After his birth, he was given the name Quentin Latham. His social media handle Funky Dineva, on the other hand, has made him famous. He only came up with the name Funky Dineva in 2010. Funky Dineva currently has over 266,000 subscribers on his YouTube account alone.
He is also well-known on Instagram and Twitter. His YouTube success has helped him gain over 89,000 followers on his personal Instagram. Similarly, he has over 129,000 Twitter followers. Before entering the entertainment world, he worked as a corporate accountant. In 2010, he created the Funky Dineva persona for the first time.
Funky Dineva- Relationship, Boyfriend
Funky is gay and is not currently in a relationship. He has, however, always been honest about his sexuality.
Funky Dineva- Professional Career
Funky, an American YouTube celebrity, has a reputation for being a disturbed blogger. According to Funky Dineva's Instagram account, she receives between $319 and $532 per post. He makes money from social media by running ads on his Instagram. Dineva is also extremely wealthy as a result of advertisements and endorsements.
Most notably, he rose to prominence by providing recaps and thoughts on the reality television show Love & Hip Hop Atlanta. Before entering the realm of reality television, he was preoccupied with his YouTube videos.
Body Measurements: Height, Weight, Hair color
Funky is an American of African descent with dark brown eyes and no hair. His height and weight are unknown, but he is well-known for his YouTube videos in which he wears red lipstick and wigs.
Social Media Details
Then, after his YouTube success. Funky only came up with the name Funky Dineva in 2010. He currently has over 266,000 subscribers on his YouTube account alone. Dineva is also well-known on Instagram and Twitter. His YouTube success has helped him gain over 89,000 followers on his personal Instagram. Similarly, he has over 129,000 Twitter followers.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The ride this month will take us up Hwy 1 to visit the Marconi Conference Center State Historic Park in Marshall. The address is 18500 State Hwy One Marshall, CA 94940.
We will then continue to Bodega Bay for lunch after visiting the conference center.
We will meet at Eduardo's Restaurant at 9:am gassed up and ready to ride. I will be there at 8:am for breakfast, so join me if you can.
the ride will be going out Lucas Valley Road off Hwy 101 in San Rafael. To get to Eduardo's Restaurant take the Lucas Valley Road turn off on hwy 101 in San Rafael and stay to the right on Smith Ranch Rd, then take a right on Redwood hwy and backtrack south along the freeway until you get to Eduardo's on your left.
We will have lunch at the Tides Warf Restaurant in Bodega Bay after we visit the Marconi Center.
the weather will be fantastic for this Sunday ride.


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BIRDING BUENOS AIRES
YOUR BIRDWATCHING GUIDE IN BUENOS AIRES & SURROUNDINGS
More BA Fauna
Argentine Black-and-White Tegu (Salvator merianae) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
Birds are the most frequently seen members of the fauna, but there are other remarkable animals from many different groups, vertebrates and invertebrates, which can also be seen in the area.
It is sadly interesting to learn that just a few hundreds years ago Jaguars (Panthera onca) were plentiful in Buenos Aires. They were hunted mainly for their skin and, in addition to the destruction of their habitat, deplation of their natural prey, ilegal hunting and direct persecution for being considered dangerous for the cattle, today the species only survives in Argentina in a few spots of the North West, North East and the Chaco, and its considered critically endangered, with fewer than 300 individuals still left in the country. One of its local names, "tigre", (Spanish for "tiger", although a different species) gives its name to a city located just 30 kilometers north of Buenos Aires. Other species of large mammals, such as the Marsh Deer (Blastoceros dichotomus) and the Pampas Deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) are endangered, and are not part of Buenos Aires city's fauna any more, although there is an important population of Marsh Deer not far away from it, in the delta of the Paraná river.
Coypu or "nutria" (Myocastor coypus) - Photo: Roberto Ares
Nowadays the mammals still present in the area are small and very difficult to see, except for some species of rodents. This last group (the rodents) is well represented here, mainly by rats and mice, but with some very remarkable species of the region, such as the Nutria (Myocastor coypus), which name comes from the Spanish word for "otter" although it is not related to real otters, and the Pampas or Brazilian Cavy (Cavia aperea), which is the wild ancestor of the Guinea Pig (domesticated by ancient Incas). Nutrias are common in the lagoons of the region, and cavies are abundant in the areas with grass, which constitutes its main food.
Pampas cavy (Cavia aperea) - Photo: Ignacio A. Chantada
Two species of marsupials are common, the White-eared Opossum (Didelphis albiventris), with a small population living in the Botanic garden of the city, and the Thick-tailed Opossum (Lutreolina crassicaudata), which sometimes can be seen crossing the paths of the Reserva Ecológica Costanera Sur.
Bats are another group of mammals with a good chance to be seen, especially in spring time and in the summer, when they are more active, hunting flying insects (all the Buenos Aires' bats are insectivorous). Two species are the most common ones: the Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus) and the Brazilian free-tailed Bat (Tadarida brasiliensis).
Reptiles are in some way easier to be found and to be seen than mammals, mainly because of their need to lay down at some point during the day and receive warm sunrises to maintain its body temperature.
Argentine Black-and-White Tegus in Costanera Sur (Buenos Aires) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
The most remarkable reptile is the Argentine Black-and-White Tegu (Salvator merianae), which is common in spring and summer, crossing the roads and paths of the ecologic reserves. It is the largest lizard in Argentina, and it can reach a length of up to 150 cm, although the commonest findable large size is of around one meter.
Crossed Pit Viper (Bothrops alternatus) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
Detail of the head - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
There are many species of snakes, been the most notable one the Crossed Pit Viper (Bothrops alternatus), a poisonous viper which inhabits the Reserva Ecológica Costanera Sur (this is the main reason for not leaving the walking paths of the reserve). Another beautiful snake is the Brazilian Green Racer (Philodryas aestivus), with its wonderful emerald color. There are 3 species of aquatic turtles, the Lagoon Turtle (Phrynops hilarii), the Orbigny's Slider (Trachemys dorbigny) and the Snake-necked Turtle (Hydromedusa tectifera).
Brazilian Green Racer (Philodryas aestivus) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
Orbigny's slider (Trachemys dorbigny) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
There are also many species of amphibians, which is logic considering the humid conditions of Buenos Aires (sometimes too much humid for its human population...). These amphibians, frogs and toads, are mainly heard when the rain falls, before and after it. The most remarkable species are the native Thin-toed Frog (Leptodactylus latrans), the tree frogs Montevideo Treefrog (Boana pulchella) and Striped Snouted Treefrog (Scinax squalirostris), the Argentine Toad (Rhinella arenarum) and the beautiful Ornate Horned Frog (Ceratophrys ornata), which can be seen only after long periods of strong rains.
Montevideo Treefrog (Boana pulchella) - Photo: Ignacio A. Chantada
This is a group of animals which for sure you won't see easily, unless you go fishing, but it's still important to describe them a little bit because of its importance and high diversity. They are present in the La Plata river or "River Plate", and in the many marshes, water streams and lagoons (even in Palermo's parks) of the region.
Red-bellied Piranha (Pygoscentrus nattereri) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
The fish fauna of the River Plate basin is of sub-tropical/tropical origin, and shares many of its species with the Amazon basin, although less biodiverse, especially in this latitude with a temperate weather. Before the beginning of the twentieth century, with the industrialization of the area originating an intensive pollution activity that continues till today, the Río de la Plata hosted a wealthy environment with a rich species assemblage now very modified. In addition, the construction of damns in several points of the main basin's rivers (Paraná and Uruguay) has interrupted the natural migration of many species that used to migrate southward in the summer, and the opposite direction in winter. This has damaged very much their populations.
The jaw of a piranha - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
The Río de la Plata and its tributaries are the southernmost limit of distribution for the majority of its fish species. Between the most remarkable ones are the Piranhas, which are abundant in the summer, with three species present in the area, including the famous Red-bellied Piranha (Pygoscentrus nattereri) with its local variation which has a golden/yellow belly instead of the red-bellied Amazon type. In Argentina these species are popularly known as "Palometas" or "Palometas bravas" although the first name is also used for other species with a tall and flat body. Very related to the piranha fish are the Pacus. Their body has the same shape but the main difference are their teeth which, instead of being sharp, they are more similar to human molars, and help them to chew fruits and seeds that fall to the river. The Small-scaled Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is one of the species that has disappeared from the area of Buenos Aires. It's still common in the north of Argentina, and can reach a weight of more than 10 kilograms. But there's a relative species still findable in the area, called "Clock" Pacu (Mylossoma duriventre). It's much smaller, with an even rounder shape.
Serrasalmus maculatus, another species of piranha in the area - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
The "tiger of the river", as it's sometimes mentioned in a poetic manner, is the Golden Dorado (Salminus brasiliensis) named after its color, which is golden yellow. It grows up to 1 meter and more than 30 kilograms (very rare to find nowadays), but in the area the average is much smaller, constituted by juvenile specimens. It is the species in the area with the longest migration movements, with records of more than 1000 kilometers. It's a hunter of other fishes, even big ones.
The silurids ("catfishes") and their relatives are well represented here. The huge Spotted Sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans), which can reach more than 1.5 meters and almost 100 kilograms (or at least it did, back when its population wasn't as damaged with over fishing as it is today), is still present in the area of Buenos Aires but only with juvenile individuals, being an uncommon species. It is also a migrant. It is a carnivore, and with its wide mouth can swallows very big preys (mainly other fishes). The Peppered Corydoras (Corydoras paleatus) is another member of this group, very common in the area, and popular too because of its use in aquarium. Loricarids are relatives of the catfishes, and some of their species are among the commonest fishes of the area, such as the "plecos" (Hypostomus commersoni).
There is a migrant silurid that arrives to the delta of the Parana river for spawning, returning then to the sea, where it lives during the rest of the year. It's the White Sea Catfish (Genidens barbus), which can size a length of 70 centimeters and even more. One of the most important species, in terms of biomass and position in the food chain (been, in their different stages –eggs, larvae, juvenile and adults– the main source of food for carnivore fishes) is the Streaked Prochilod (Prochilodus lineatus), called "Sábalo" by the locals . It is a migrant that grows up to 70 centimeters and feeds on the organic components of the mud. A similar species in shape, although different in its feeding habits, is the "Boga" (Megaleporinus obtusidens) which is an omnivore that reaches 80 centimeters and up to 10 kilograms. These two species are very common in the region (especially the first one).
One of the many species of fish popularly known as "mojarras" in Argentina - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
The Carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) is an exotic species (introduced by humans) that has become very common in the Río de la Plata and in the lagoons of Buenos Aires province. As other exotic species, they can compete with the local fauna and affect them in many ways, sometimes too harmfully.
A very representative carnivore fish, common in all the water bodies of the area, is the Argentine Wolf Fish, locally called "Tararira" (Hoplias argentinensis). With up to 50 centimeters and big sharp teeth, is the main predator fish of Buenos Aires lagoons and rivers.
The Spotfin hatchetfish (Thoracocharax stellatus) belongs to one of the most remarkable fresh water fish families of South America: Gasteropelecidae. They are among the very few fish species that can do something similar to fly. It's a tiny fish with very big pectoral fins, which escapes from its predators by jumping out of the water (several meters above the surface) and "flying" by flapping its fins as if they were wings. They arrive to the Río de la Plata in the summer, as many of the other species. Another remarkable fish is the Biara, locally called "Chafalote" (Rhaphiodon vulpinus), a predator with a long narrow body and two long and sharp conspicuous fangs in its lower jaw, which they use for hunting small fish. There is a family of fishes which is particularly diverse in the Neotropc and (even more) in Africa: the Cichlids. They are very territorial and take good care of their offspring, in some cases carrying them inside their mouths. In the area of Buenos Aires one of the commonest cichlid is the Chameleon Cichlid (Australoheros facetus), present even in Palermo's lakes. A similar looking species, although more colorful, is the Small Rainbow Eartheater (Gymnogeophagus meridionalis). Then there is a gender of cichlids with a long shape and a characteristic spot in its caudal fin that resembles an eye, and functions as a defense by not letting know to their predators where the real head is. This is the gender Crenicichla, known as "pike cichlids", whose members are mainly predators of small fish. Crenicichla lepidota is one of the species in the area.
Detail of the tail of Crenicichla lepidota - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
A special mention deserves a group of tiny fish with a particular way to adapt to the environment. They are called Killifish and live on shallow bodies of water that depend on the rains. Their eggs can survive long periods of drawings until it rains again and the larvae hatch. They are considered by many aquarists as the most beautiful freshwater fishes, with very conspicuous colors. One of the species is the Argentine Pearlfish (Austrolebias bellotti) which can be found in some areas of the city and its surroundings.
In winter there is one species that becomes common (the opposite of the rest of the species), and it's the Argentinian Silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis). They move in schools and swim not far from the surface. They grow up to 50 centimeters but the average length is much smaller.
Finally, some of the most remarkable species are the South American Freshwater Stingrays, in the area Potamotrygon motoro and Potamotrygon brachyura. This last species is the heaviest freshwater fish in South America, with recorded weights of over 200 kilograms, although in Buenos Aires area there are mainly smaller individuals. As their name suggests they have poisoned stings (two) in their tails, which can be extremely painful (although not deadly) for humans if stinged.
The group of the invertebrates is well represented here, with some very remarkable species. Following are just some of the most notable common (or easy to see) invertebrates, among the insects and the arachnids.
Caterpillars of White Morpho butterfly (Morpho epistrophus argentina) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
Among the insects there is a group that must be mentioned separately: the diurnal butterflies. Many of them find their southernmost limit of distribution here. That's the case of the Morpho genera, which finds its southernmost limit in the continent with the White Morpho (Morpho epistrophus argentina). With around 10 centimeters of length between the tips of their white/light blue colored wings, it's one of the largest diurnal butterflies in the area. It is common in the riverine forest of the delta of the Paraná River, Martin Garcia Island, and the Natural Reserve of Punta Lara (near the city of La Plata). In the reserves of Buenos Aires it's possible to find it in Ribera Norte and Vicente López, although its presence is occasional in Costanera Sur reserve. Among the most remarkable Neotropical genera of butterflies is the Diaethria. One species of this genus reaches the riverside forests of the Río de la Plata: the Candrena Eighty-eight (Diaethria candrena). Its name comes from the number "88" legible in the ventral side of most Diaethrias hind wings, although in this species the number seems more like an "80".
Candrena Eighty-eight (Diaethria candrena) dorsal and ventral faces - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
The group of the Helicons has some conspicuous representatives in the area. Their host plants (for their caterpillars) are the Passiflora, from which they take the toxicity that gives them an effective protection against predators. The Julia (Dryas iulia alcionea), the Common Longwing (Heliconius erato phyllis) and the Gulf Fritillary (Agraulis vanillae maculosa) are present in the area of the city, being the last one the most common (even abundant) species. Another typical representative from the riverine forest is the Hymenaea Clearwing (Episcada hymenaea), with transparent wings. They live in the deep of the forest, avoiding sunny areas.
Male of Laurentia Emperor (Doxocopa laurentia) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
In the Espinal forest, there is one of the most beautiful species of the province, which depends very much on the Tala (Celtis spp.) trees. This is the Laurentia Emperor (Doxocopa laurentia). The male of this species has two greenish blue bands in the dorsal side of their wings.
Other remarkable butterfly species are the Polystictus Swallowtail (Battus polystictus), the Thoas Swallowtail (Heraclides thoas thoantides), both of them from the Papilionid family, the crepuscular Lowland Owlet (Opsiphanes invirae amplificatus), and the Southern Monarch (Danaus erippus), an abundant species that can be seen throughout the year.
Southern Monarch (Danaus erippus) - Photo: Ignacio A. Chantada
There are also some interesting species of moths, including members of the Sphingid family ("Hawk Moths"), and the large Black Witch Moth (Ascalapha odorata).
Other remarkable insects in the area, among a plethora of others, are the "Camoati" wasp (Polybia scutellaris), a species of social wasp which is black and very small, but builds a very characteristic huge nest; and the Horned Beetle (Diloboderus abderus).
Horned beetle (Diloboderus abderus) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
Finally, from the plenty of arachnid species in Buenos Aires area, we can quote the big Tarantulas, with the endangered Grammostola burzaquensis in the area, and the wonderful Golden orb-web spider (Trichonephila clavipes), which lives among the riverine forests of the River Plate and its tributaries. Scorpions are also present in the city.
Golden orb-web spider (Trichonephila clavipes) - Photo: Marcelo Gavensky
Birds of BA
Urban Reserves
Otamendi & Punta Lara
Martin Garcia Island
Southern Entre Ríos
Birding BA in Facebook
MAP OF B.A.
REMARKABLE LINKS
This is the main NGO for the conservation of birds in Argentina
Here you'll find good info about Costanera Sur species (specially birds)
Ecoregistros has very good photographs and records of Argentine fauna
This website has excellent pictures of Argentina's nature, specialized in birds
Birdwatchers Club of the Reserva Ecológica Costanera Sur
Great web site about Argentina's insects
Plantas Autóctonas Rioplatenses, a good blog usefull to identify species of Buenos Aires' flora
© Copyright 2010 - Marcelo Gavensky - Todos los derechos reservados. Tema Picture Window. Con la tecnología de Blogger.


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We're still months away from the start of service on the new 27-mile TEXRail line that will run from downtown Fort Worth to DFW Airport. But developers are already making big bets on the blocks around the stations and some are taking a unique approach.
A two-acre site at the NW corner of South Main and Vickery will be home to the first transit-oriented development in Fort Worth. Plans include a ten-story apartment building with retail space on the ground floor and a hotel next door.
It's just south of a TRE stop on the other side of the I-30 overpass and by the end of this year, a TEXRail stop will join it. It's is not the only development jumping on the TEXRail train.
Construction is in full swing on a new development of 145 townhomes, upscale apartments and retail space at Iron Horse Boulevard and Boulder Drive in North Richland Hills. It's just a five minute walk from the Iron Horse TEXRail station and although that doesn't exist yet, developers are betting access to public transit will draw plenty of interest, especially from young people who don't always want to drive.
"Yeah! Yes! Just the other day, now that they've started those bikes to go around the city, I've started using those," said North Richland Hills resident Solomon Henry. "I can see it really just starting a lot of new opportunities for people to get new jobs and see new places and not just feel stuck."
One stop up the line, Smithfield Station is under construction also in North Richland Hills, with more townhomes planned there and Grapevine is planning a boutique hotel and other amenities around its stop.
"We're excited to see all these developments around the station, it shows us that we're doing the right thing," said Bob Baulsir, Senior Vice President for Trinity Metro.
It's what Trinity Metro envisioned when they started the project linking downtown Fort Worth to DFW Airport.
"We're gonna connect folks with employment, with transportation to really anywhere in the world," Baulsir said.
And the downtown Fort Worth station will address another of the city's biggest needs: affordable housing. Half the units to be built there will rent to people who make 60% of the area's median income through a partnership with Fort Worth Housing Solutions.
"Entry level from college, college graduates starting out, people on fixed incomes. So it's a variety of people," said Mary-Margaret Lemons, President of Fort Worth Housing Solutions. "We want to put people in areas that they can be successful, so in high opportunity areas in neighborhoods all across the city."
Construction is set to begin early next year on the 94 million dollar housing and retail development by the downtown Fort Worth station.
TEXRail expects to start its commuter rail service at the end of this year.Developers are even betting on sites where TEXRail could extend in the future. A mixed income apartment complex is set for construction soon in the Near Southside. It's across the street from the proposed site for a Southside TEXRail station that doesn't have funding yet.


text:
Q: Flattening a list of lists in OCaml I am implementing this hoemwork functionality using Ocaml:

*

*Not allowed to use List module

*the function has type 'a list list -> 'a list

*the function return a list consisting of the lists in x concatenated together (just top level of lists is concatenated, unlike List.flatten)

*For example : [[1,2,3],[45]] => [1,2,3,4,5] and [[[1,2,3],[4,5]],[[6,7]]] => [[1,2,3],[4,5],[6,7]]
I am not sure where to start, can anyone give me some suggestion? Thank you

A: I don't see the difference between List.flatten and your function.
To answer to your question: as usual with lists, try to think about the base cases:

*

*what do you do when you concatenate an empty list with something ?

*what do you do when you concatenate a non-empty list (with a head and a tail) with something ?

Wrap everything into a pattern match, cook it for few hours, and that's done :-)

A: Thomas has given excellent advice.  Your basic operation is going to be to append one list to another.  It might help to write this function as a separate function first.  It will look something like this:
let rec myappend a b =
    match a with
    | [] -> (* Empty list prefixed to b (easy case) *)
    | ahead :: atail -> (* Recursive case *)

Armed with your own append function, you can carry out another level of recursion
to append all the top-level lists as Thomas suggests.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The introduction of the MMR is supposed to help regulate the residential property purchase market and does not yet apply to buy to let mortgages, but that could happen in time.Research conducted by the Money Advice Service (MA) showed that three in four first-time property buyers admitting that they had overstretched themselves financially in order to get on the housing ladder, failing to calculate the real costs of affording property and causing financial difficulties for quite a few, leading to a high proportion of property repossessions.
The new Mortgage Market Review (MMR) rules may sound daunting, but they are designed to protect a property owner's finances and the property, so it's really just a matter of consumers being well prepared.
Mortgage lenders require detailed evidence that potential buyers can readily afford the mortgage, even if there are changes in circumstance. Lenders now carry out a more thorough assessment of what potential buyers earn, owe and spend.
Property buyers are now asked more questions to determine the suitability of a mortgage product, taking into account the specific needs and circumstances of borrowers who also need to provide evidence of all earned income, financial commitments, including existing loans and credit cards, as well as utility bills and other household spending. Lenders are also applying interest rate stress-tests to check if borrowers can continue to afford mortgage repayments in the event of a rise in interest rates.
Mortgage product sales should now be completed on an advised basis, where a qualified mortgage adviser has identified and recommended a suitable product based on a borrowers specific needs and circumstances.
If borrowers decide to reject the qualified mortgage adviser's recommendation and conduct their own research into mortgage products on an "Execution Only" basis meaning that if the mortgage product chosen turns out to be unsuitable, it will be harder to make a claim against the lender.
The introduction of the MMR also means that interest-only mortgages are now only available as a niche product from a limited number of select mortgage lenders and borrowers will need to show a credible repayment plan to repay the original loan amount at the end of the mortgage term.
The introduction of the MMR was only supposed to impact residential property mortgage loans, however, buy to let mortgage lenders and banks offering commercial mortgages are also facing delays as the new rules appear to be being applied across the whole of the mortgage market.
Since February this year, I have been attempting to purchase a property that has been converted into 2 x 1 bed apartments, using a commercial mortgage. The deal was agreed and was supposed to have been completed before the beginning of April but the lenders insisted on performing the additional checks because they were aware of the impending changes and decided that the exercise was valid.
This is still ongoing at the time of writing, however, I have provided all the required financial and lifestyle information to the lender and have gone further with the stress testing than the lenders have, proving the continued affordability of this purchase even with interest rates above 10%.
Here's hoping that this property purchase completes this week!


Load REDbird with credit card at Target. Earn credit card rewards from the "purchase".
Go through a cash back portal to buy Amex gift cards. Earn both credit card rewards and cash back.
Load REDbird with Amex gift cards at Target.
Either way, it was awesome… for us. Target, though, ended up paying the credit card transaction fees for loading REDbird, but gained little in return (for the record: I did do a tremendous amount of shopping at Target during this period, but probably not nearly enough for Target to come out ahead with my business).
REDbird over Bluebird… I used to feature an image like this in presentations, but now that the two cards are roughly equal, I'll have to change my PowerPoint slides.
Target stopped allowing credit card reloads on May 6th 2015 (For Person of Interest fans please note that this was the same date as "The Correction." Coincidence? I think not). This came almost exactly 7 months after REDbird was first introduced. The Target Prepaid REDcard was first seen in stores on October 5th 2014 (See: Amex introduces new Bluebird-like Target REDcard!).
A reader recently noted that I originally predicted that credit card loads would last 6 months. That guess was almost spot on. However, I also publicly predicted 9 months (and I made a bet with a friend to that effect so I now owe him a category 4 SPG night). And, more recently, I started predicting that credit card loads would last a full year. In other words, if you want to be right (or close to it), follow my lead and predict everything… something will stick.
Return to Bluebird or Serve?
A number of people have asked me if I now plan to go back to Bluebird or Serve in place of REDbird. After all, you can only have one (see: The Complete Guide to Bluebird, REDcard, and Serve). The the other cards do have a few advantages over REDbird such as the ability to signup for Amex Offers and Small Business Saturday.
In the short term, the answer is no. I'll stick with REDbird. For me, REDbird was always primarily about my preference for Target over Walmart. That hasn't changed. Plus, unlike Walmart, Target continues to treat Vanilla Visa gift cards as the debit cards they are. Since Vanilla Visa gift cards are easily purchased at many drug stores, Office Depot (max $200 denominations by credit card), and even at Target itself, this is a huge benefit.
Longer term, I might convert one or two of the cards I manage from REDbird to Serve (I currently manage 5 cards for myself, my wife, my sister, my niece, and a friend). Doing so, though, will mean a commitment to visiting Walmart a couple times per month. I'm not really sure that I'm willing to do that to myself.
While writing this, the UPS guy showed up at my door with a big pile of Amex gift cards that I had ordered on Tuesday when TopCashBack offered 2.25% cash back. The original plan was to use these to load REDbird at Target. That plan is now out the window. Fortunately, I have an easy alternative. I'm aware of a few stores in my area that will let me buy $500 Visa gift cards and pay with Amex gift cards. Sure, I'll incur a fee for each gift card of around 1%, but its well worth it – it simply eats into my 2.25% portal earnings. It's a bit more work, but I'll still be well ahead.
Note that this solution is extremely location sensitive. There are stores in my town within the same chain that do not allow Amex gift cards as payment. And, I've heard from some readers that wherever they live they've been unable to find stores that accept credit card payments at all for gift cards, let alone Amex gift card payments.
It used to be possible to buy Visa gift cards online at GiftCardMall and pay with Amex gift cards, but that option has long since dried up. For a few ideas of what is still possible, please see: How to spend down Amex gift cards.
The path forward. Is Necker Island at risk?
Some of you may remember my ridiculous decision to earn and burn 1.2 million Virgin Atlantic miles for a week at Richard Branson's Necker Island (see: 420,000 miles closer to Necker Island). The strategy is basically to sign up for a huge number of Virgin Atlantic credit cards. Each signup requires $12,000 spend. REDbird would have made that spend easy. Actually, it still does. Going forward, rather than buying Amex gift cards, I'll buy $500 Visa gift cards. Unlike Amex gift cards, Visa gift cards can be used as debit cards to load REDbird. Done.
Of course the math changes significantly. Before, I was earning a cash profit in addition to miles (thanks to the Amex gift card portal cash back). Now, I'll lose money on the deal (due to Visa gift card purchase fees) while still earning miles. If I wanted to, I could still profit by continuing to buy Amex gift cards and then using them to buy Visa gift cards, but the extra work isn't worth it to me. I prefer to keep it simple: buy gift cards, load REDbird, repeat.
I prefer Bluebird, but that is because I have a perfectly functioning kiosk only a few minutes from my home. Also, Target does not sell Redbird here and I can't justify traveling all the way to the mainland to get a Redbird, assuming the clerks here would even know how to load it. I only MS for minimum spend anyway, so Bluebird is a good solution for me.
According to a meeting held at my local WM, Kate will soon lose her ability to load VGC. That is why I bailed on bb and serve. At least I can still use them at target.
I wonder if thus is why I had trouble loading buxx cards yesterday. Though I couldn't eve load $1 using my bank DC.
Kate is the atm machine you can use to load at WM. They money center now asks to see the debit card and will only use ones with bank name and costumer name printed on the card, and that the atm will soon be coded not to be able to load bb and serve with a debit card.
Regarding visa gc, what's the best way to take advantage of chase ink 5% at office supply stores? OD do not allow credit card for variable vgc hence no $500 option, and the $200 cards 3.5% activation fee makes it hardly worth it. Am I missing something?
If you are going to redeem the UR for 1c cash or 1.25c UR travel portal then you are coming out profitable but not by a whole lot, since you have to factor in the liquidating efforts as well.
If you are going to transfer to airlines/hotels for better redemption then this makes more sense. How much more? Only you can tell.
I travel to India once a year where the avg Economy tickets cost $1400 round trip. My idea is, with the same $1400 I would like to travel in Biz class.
UA charges 160K miles rt to India. At my above calc, 160K will cost me $1075 and a lot of liquidating efforts as well. The left over money would cover the lost opportunity cost(points+miles when paid the economy ticket with cash, taxes and fees etc). With me and wife needing 320K, we have decided to do 1-way economy and 1-way biz which gets us to 240K for 2 rts to India. I am telling all this, for you to assess your needs and come to reality redemption values. Any questions, post here and I will try to answer them for you. Good Luck!
What 1% cash back at Staples? If you're referring to Visa SavingsEdge, that ended a while ago (and it applied to Ink Cash as well as Ink Plus).
Tried 2 OD'S last night. No longer allowing VGC purchase with CC. I'm talking about the fixed amount VGC. spend $600 get $40 off instantly is a no go.
I bought 4K worth of VGCs when they had the $20 off sale. I heard from 4 diff cashiers that OD is phasing out fixed value cards and even if they are there it will be a matter of time to be able to use CCs. This is in SoCal.
If you could get past your hatred of Walmart, you can return to profitability. Continue to buy Amex GC, and do what I do, buy Sunnie Visa's at Walmart. Walk out of store, remove from packaging, and walk back in with your Bluebird or Serve and load. Or do Walmart bill pay…….
not familar with Sunnie at Walmart, what is that?
@Robin Head to Walmart; I bet you will figure it out if you look around a bit.
What code do you enter for a pin with your AGC to buy Sunnies? The three digit code on the back of the card?
when I use AGCs to pay for Sunnies at WM, they run as credit and if I'm asked a code, I input the 4 digits on the right side of the card, above the account number. If not, I try the 3 digit CCV at the back and that works.
3 digits on the back of card works smoothly every time.
If profitability was that important to me I could still do that at Target with a quick stop at a drugstore first. Target is in an area I'm in frequently. Walmart is way out of my way. Its simply not worth it to me at this point.
YMMV. My supercenters and neighborhood market accepts CCs (including AGCs) as payment for Sunnies and other GCs.
Well you can either eat the activation fees as part of the "cost" of MS, or you can pay it down using UR points and still have it be "free" but with you just earning fewer points overall. If you max out the monthly load on a REDbird, that would cost you $173.75 in activation fees on the $200 GCs at Staples or OD. You earn 25,070 in UR with an Ink card, so if you took care of the activation fees by paying with points, you'd spend 17,375 and net 7,695 UR points/month (per REDbird/BlueBird). That's still over 90k UR points/year per card "earned." All it costs you is your time.
Is the debit card monthly limit $5000? I thought it was the same as CC, $2500?
Hmm… my math was off a bit. You actually earn 25,175 points for every 5k you max out on prepaid loads each month. Adjust the rest and it gives you 7,800 UR points net.
Do the Amex GC come with your name printed on them?
if you order personalized cards, YES.
It's really the extra step that we mourn with this loss, the part where we have to go to the office store to buy VGCs, and then go to Target. That's why I liked VRs, Evolve, Serve Online, Redbird, you had to make only one stop and the rest was done in the comfort of your own home/office/starbucks.
Considering switching to Serve, but no WM around. Is loading Serve at Family Dollar hassle-free and does it carry the same 2.5k daily limit?
FD is a hassle, but you can use Vanilla to reload Serve there. Cashiers are not well-versed in how to do the reloads. I understand there is a daily limit of 500 or you run into problems, but I haven't tried more than 500. Also if you try to use 100 off a 200 card (that is, 200 + 200 + 100), the second time you try to use the last 100 on that card (that is, to reload a second Serve), it gets declined. Vanilla says it's not them, it's FD.
Is CVS one of those places with local store policy, or can you reliably use a cc to buy the vanilla cards there. Or did they go cash only after the whole bluebird issue.
CVS allows purchase of $2000/day of GCs with cc, they ask for your drivers license for $500+.
Yes, it depends on the store. In my experience, most stores allow it, but not all.
1. If I have multiple $200 Vanilla Visa cards that I want to use to load the red card, how do I do it? It seems very sketchy to say, "I want to load 1K on my Red Bird account using 5 different debit cards." Is that what you say?
2. Is there a place that I can use the Vanilla Visa prepaid cards to purchase money orders? I tried two places this morning (Wal-Mart and Kroeger) and was turned down. I just don't want to end up with tons of Vanilla Prepaids, but with the Office Depot sale, I want to buy as many as I can!
1. Yes, I would say that I want to load $1000 and pay $200 at a time by debit card.
2. I'm not aware of any national chains, but there may be stores in your area that allow this. It can be a lot of work to try a bunch of stores but it can be well worth it if you find a good one.
I would rather deal with Target employees than WM any day!
Thank you, this article was great! I wondered why I couldn't use my credit card at target any more when I went yesterday. This is too bad as I was making money off the credit card companies. Love to be added to an email list or something of yours if any deals like this pop up in the future this deal was too good to be true!
Will be trying with simonmall GC's today. From what I've read those will still work, and as far as I know still come with just a $3 fee (when purchased at B+M). So meeting a 3k minimum spend for a new card will cost me $18. I'm fine with that.
Where is a good place to buy $500 Visa gift cards with a CC? I just found out about Redbird a couple weeks ago, got one, and signed myself and my wife up for three new credit cards so now I need to spend 10K in 3 months! I know it will cost me like $100 in GC fees but worth it for 100k UR and 50k Avios!
Second questions: How do you easily unload GC onto Redbird. Do you have to register and set a PIN for each one before going to Target? I was thinking of taking advantage of the Office Max deal but all stores around here no longer have $200 Visa cards, just $100. That would be a LOT of loading at Target and time consuming!
Alex, You can buy $500 GCs at any supermarkets and grocery stores with a flat $5.95 fee. I have bought several of these at Kroger and these are pin enabled and works both at WM as well as Target. Kroger often runs a promotion where if you buy 2 GCs worth $50 or more, then you get $5 off. This helps you offset the fees. Hope this helps.
Thanks for the feedback! I should have thought of grocery stores! The Fry's (Kroger) in my area is currently offering 4x gas points on CG purchases so that should help offset the fees. How does it work loading at Target with a PIN? Do you need to set that in advance or just enter any four #s you want?
Alex. Just use whatever 4 digits you want. I always use last 4 digits of my phone #….:) You can use 9999 or 8888 and it will work.
Kroger does not pay any gas point on $500 GCs. So don't think that it will offset your cost.
I bought 2 $500 VGC at Kroger's last month. Went to load them on my Redbird on May 5th. One loaded fine. The other only had $33 on it; I had opened the package there in the Target store, so somehow the rest was stolen by hackers. I'm in the middle of disputing the charges now. Proceed with caution. And use the gift cards right away. The fraudulent charges on mine happened on May 4; I bought them on April 15.
I ran into same kind of trouble, but US bank was good to cancel those fraudulent purchases and sent me new $500 GC to my home address with my name printed on it..!
Of course, they will want to verify your purchase with a receipt. But be assured as long as you have a receipt, you are safe.
Thanks for sharing your experience. I hope mine goes as smoothly as yours.
What's the max you can add with Serve at Walmart with debit cards (or Vanilla Visas) per day? I'm seeing $200, with a $1000 max for the month.
You can do $1000 per transaction and max of $2,500 per day. I have done this many times at WM when I had serve.
FM, do you still remember the infamous "Glimcher Visa Debit gift Card"? Have you tried it to load REDbird?
I know you said doing the Amex gift cards(AGC) is an extra step.. but is it really?? Since it's done online and they are delivered to your front door. As you said you would be making a net profit and aren't you taking the same trip to buy the Visa Gift Cards( VGC) with either a CC or a AGC..I'd rather do it W/ 1.5-2% cash back in my pocket. Just a thought.
FYI Love your insight on so many things.
Yesterday I ordered a Serve and I'm going to play with AMEX CC loading of the Serve. I still have the Redbird if I need it.
@JL, hopefully, you meant registering Serve to another SSN, right? since both are amex products, you can't have RB/BB and Serve using same SSN. you can only choose one and for those who want more cards, they need other people's SSN with their permission, of course.
just FYI to others who may not be aware.
If I do not want to use the Target/AE Prepaid REDcard anymore and like to switch over to another AE prepard card, how can it be done? Call AE?
1. I need to spend $3,000 for my new credit card, so it means I need to pay $35.7 (6 x $5.95 fee) to purchase 6 $500 gift cards. Is it correct?
2. What kind of $500 gift cards should I buy to load to Target RedCard? Should I go to Office Depot/Staples/Office Max or supermarkets (Giant, Safeway, Wegmans…)? Definitely do not by AMEX gift cards, right?
3. Are there any other quick ways to spend $3,000 without too much extra costs? I know Amazon Payments, RedCrad, and Serve are all out.
1. If you buy them from a grocery store, then yes. Gift card fees can be less than that, though, depending upon where you buy them.
2. Simon Malls are a great option. CVS is a good option (max $2,000 per day). Grocery stores are an OK option.
3. Not that I can think of.
Are "Simon Malls" shopping malls? Where can I find the gift cards from the malls? What kind of gift cards should I buy at Simon Malls and CVS with cheaper fees?
Have you written anything outlining the process of purchasing GCs at lower rates than grocery stores, etc.?
1.) Login with normal credentials.
2.) Empty account. You may have to wait a day or so for the transaction to finalize.
Overall, Redbird was a great card to learn about MS but Serve will work just as well for me and I don't have to visit a physical store anymore.
One more note: Not 2 minutes after I cancelled the Redbird, I was able to sign up for the Serve using the same SSN and email I previously used for the Redbird.
That's good to hear, but note that you can close REDbird and/or Serve right from within the website. Simply log in, go to the menu, and select "Profile". Scroll to the bottom to find the button for "Close Account".
I left BB and went red b/c I couldn't get past the 9 digit pin requirement at WM moneycenter. It was asked for regardless if I picked BB or WM money. I use visa GC's from Meta. Has anyone got past the 9 digit pin?
Yep, a few Target stores across the country seem to have implemented rules like this. Is there another Target nearby that you can try instead?
I don't see any Vanilla Visa gift cards at Kroger. I do see Green Dot Visa gift/debit cards. Will those work?
They probably will work, but I'd be wary about buying the reloadable prepaid cards like those if you're going to do this often. Setting the PIN on those can be a hassle.
I doubt you'd be able to buy Green Dot Visa gift/debit cards at Kroger with a credit card. Or so I assumed (haven't tried)…I'd be interested to know if you can though.


text:
Growth & Sustainability
Whatever we do about illegal immigration, somebody suffers
Philip Cafaro Opinion Essay Jan. 28, 2008
It's 6:30, and I'm eating breakfast at a café north of Denver with a man I'll call Bob. Born and raised in Denver, Bob sprays custom finishes on drywall and has owned his own company for 18 years: "At one point we had 12 people running three trucks." Now, the business is just his wife and him: "Things have changed."
What's changed is immigration. When he started 25 years ago, Bob says, the construction business employed almost all native-born workers. Today, estimates of the number of immigrant workers in northern Colorado range from 50 percent to 70 percent of the total construction workforce. Some trades, like pouring concrete and framing, use immigrant labor almost exclusively. Come in with an "all-white" crew of framers, another small contractor tells me, and people do a double take.
Bob's an independent contractor, bidding on individual jobs. "Guys are coming in with bids that are impossible," he tells me. After all his time in the business, "no way can they be as efficient in time and material as me." The difference has to be in the cost of labor. "They're not paying the taxes and insurance that I am." Insurance, workmen's compensation and taxes add about 40 percent to the cost of legally employed workers. When you add the lower wages that immigrants are often willing to take, there's plenty of opportunity for competing contractors to underbid Bob and still make a tidy profit. He no longer bids on the big new construction projects, and jobs in individual, custom-built houses are becoming harder to find.
"I've gone in to spray a house and there's a guy sleeping in the bathtub, with a microwave set up in the kitchen. I'm thinking, 'You moved into this house for two weeks to hang and paint it, you're gonna get cash from somebody, and he's gonna pick you up and drive you to the next one.'"
In this way, some construction trades are turning into the equivalent of migrant labor. Workers don't have insurance or workmen's comp, so if they are hurt or worn out on the job, they are simply replaced. Workers can be used up, and the builders and contractors higher up the food chain can keep more of the profits for themselves.
"The quality of life has changed drastically," says Bob. "I don't want to live like that. I want to go home and live with my family."
Do immigrants do the jobs Americans don't want to do? I ask. "My job is undesirable," Bob replies. "It's dirty, it's messy, it's dusty. I learned right away that because of that, the opportunity is available to make money in it. That has served me well." But he now travels as far away as Wyoming and southern Colorado to find work. "We're all fighting for scraps."
Over the years, Bob built a reputation for efficient, quality work, as I confirmed in interviews with others in the business. That was enough to secure a good living. Now, though, like another man I interviewed who recently folded his small landscaping company -- "I just can't bid 'em low enough" -- Bob is thinking of leaving the business.
He doesn't blame immigrants. "If you were born in Mexico and you didn't have enough food or clothing, you would do the same thing," he tells me. "You would come here."
What I've learned by doing interviews with construction workers on Colorado's Front Range confirms what economists studying the issue say: However we tackle immigration, there will be winners and losers. If we reduce immigration levels, then good people in Mexico and Guatemala and elsewhere will have to forgo opportunities to make better lives in the United States. If we enforce our immigration laws, then good people like the illegal framers, concrete workers and electricians I've met will have their lives turned upside down.
Meanwhile, if we fail to enforce our immigration laws -- perhaps granting illegal immigrants amnesty, for good measure -- we forfeit the ability to set legal limits to immigration. And if immigration levels remain high, hard-working men and women like Bob and his wife will continue to see their wages driven down, increasing economic inequality in our society.
No option is particularly appealing. But this is what we face, and that, I have come to believe, is the beginning of wisdom on the topic of immigration.
Philip Cafaro is a contributor to Writers on the Range, a service of High Country News (hcn.org). He is an associate professor of philosophy at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, where he is researching a book on the ethics of immigration.
Note: the opinions expressed in this column are those of the writer and do not necessarily reflect those of High Country News, its board or staff. If you'd like to share an opinion piece of your own, please write Betsy Marston at [email protected].
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Wynonna Earp: Zoie Palmer on Jolene's Return to Purgatory
Bridget Liszewski | March 29, 2021 | Canadian TV, TV News | No Comments
Despite the fact that many Wynonna Earp fans have said they'd love to see a return of Zoie Palmer's Jolene to Purgatory, we're guessing not many saw that return coming during last week's episode. In "Life Turned Her That Way," written by Noelle Carbone and directed by Jem Garrard, Waverly (Dominique Provost-Chalkley) got trapped in the dangerous fog surrounding the Ghost River Triangle. She then found refuge in a cabin that turned out to not be so safe after all. Jolene, having been freed after Bulshar's demise, had been hanging out in the cabin and was excitedly ready and willing to help Waverly's descent to become a demon herself.
Palmer, who recently finished shooting on Season 3 of the CTV/Hulu comedy series JANN, spoke with The TV Junkies about Jolene's return. She shared the emotional toll it takes on her as an actress to go to all the dark places required for portraying Jolene, and what it was like working with Provost-Chalkley in some of the series' most intense scenes. In addition, given that Jolene serves as a representation of the battles we all may face with mental health and depression, Palmer also shared what fans' response has been like to the character since her first appearance back in Season 3.
The TV Junkies: I think a ton of Earpers are going to be absolutely shocked to see that Jolene returned. What did you think when you heard they wanted you back for Round 2 of this character?
Zoie Palmer: It's a funny thing because she's such an intense character. The place I have to go to get access to her is a challenge, for sure. I think it's a challenge for Dom as well. That journey has been fascinating because there's so much that's just Dom and I. We're always holed up in some type of place together. When you're filming you're in that for hours and hours and hours. It was just Dom and I for hours going at each other. It was very reminiscent of the first time, in so far as the dynamic, intensity, and being in a tiny space for a long time. It's an incredible experience as an actor.
Dom and I feel quite safe with one another, and you need that trust to be able to play this kind of thing with another actor. I have to come at her so hard that if there wasn't a sense of comfort and trust between us, that'd be difficult. The Wynonna Earp set is such a lovely, beautiful set full of kind, genuine people. I immediately felt at home when I stepped back on. It's quite a ride, that character.
TTVJ: After being in such an intense place for hours on end playing this character, how do you go home at the end of the day and leave that behind?
ZP: Well, you're just depleted. Both of us, at the end of the day, were just depleted. You're doing take after take after take and going full-tilt so by the end of the day you're like, 'what just happened?' We always have a big hug at the end like 'we did it!' The irony about it, despite what it looks like on screen, is that Dom and I go through this together as actors. Waverly and Jolene are in their place, but Zoie and Dom are in their place trying to navigate this together. It feels like a bit of a dance, and we're both trying to really be open and connected in the way we need to be for the scene to work.
TTVJ: Did you give them a hard time though for making you shout in each other's faces in the middle of a pandemic?
ZP: Obviously that was talked about because we're all over each other at one point. We are tested like crazy, though. I just finished shooting JANN and it's the same way, you're tested regularly, kept in zones, and you're only interacting with certain people. The masks are on until you're rolling and put right back on at "cut!" Yes, we were all over each other, but we were tested like crazy in order to do a scene like that.
TTVJ: I assumed that all safety precautions were taken and testing had happened, but you can't help but think that when you guys are screaming inches from each other's faces. [laughs]
ZP: Of course, you can't not think about it. We did too, but they were very much on top of that.
TTVJ: While you have to feel safe with Dom in these scenes, I know the director is also there as well. Jem Garrard directed this episode and this block of episodes were their first time directing on Wynonna Earp. What was it like working with them to bring alive this second coming of Jolene?
ZP: Incredible! There was such a levity on set, which you wouldn't necessarily expect in that scene. I think it's so important when you're doing a scene that is that intense that there is a bit of levity from the director. They're coming at it in not always the same dire energy that we have to bring into the scene, and Jem did that in spades. We hit it off instantly.
TTVJ: This episode was written by your friend, Noelle Carbone. What did you think when you found out she'd be writing the episode with your return?
ZP: I was nothing but completely excited. She was being her humble self and was scared for me to read it, but she's just extremely talented and getting nominated for awards right and left. I know her personally and have always been a fan of her work. So the minute I knew she'd be writing this script I couldn't wait to get my hands on it and read it. Shelley [Scarrow] did such a beautiful job with Jolene the first time, and I was excited to see where Noelle would take it. Shelley is also a beautiful writer. For me personally, I was thrilled Noelle was going to be writing it.
TTVJ: For as much as a potential Jolene return was talked about by fans, I honestly always questioned whether or not bringing her back would be the right move. I didn't know how I could see her really coming back after everything Waverly went through the first time, but one should never doubt these Wynonna writers. How they brought about her return was perfect and really moved things forward.
ZP: That's the thing, right? She could have just been gone, and I think Noelle and Emily [Andras] wanted to make sure that if she was brought back there was a reason. And it wasn't just to do the same exact thing that we've seen. It was important that there was some growth to that character and dynamic and it wouldn't be something that we were expecting. I think Noelle pulled that off beautifully.
TTVJ: I am curious how Jolene was able to dye her hair blonde and get a navel piercing. [laughs]
ZP: I was shooting JANN and am blonde there when this came up. They could have wigged me I suppose, but because Jolene is who she is, it's not crazy that she has some interest in reinventing herself. I almost wonder if her hair doesn't just naturally change colors by itself. She has such an energy in her where I'm not sure she's in a salon getting her hair dyed. I think it just kind of happens.
The navel ring? I have no comment. [laughs] I got my navel pierced when I was 16 years old. I went with a friend to get her navel pierced. I was just going for support and had no intention of getting pierced. We got there and she got scared and said she couldn't do it. I said, 'Come on! Just do it!' She was in full panic so I said, 'Listen, I'll do it. Then if it goes OK for me, you can see it's fine and you do it.' So I got up there, got mine done, and then she jumped up there and got hers done. I don't think she has hers anymore.
Some characters I think to have it in and sometimes I don't. I think there was a scene in Lost Girl where I accidentally forgot to take it out one time. I never take it out on my own time, but no one sees it. I'm not running around in crop tops, right? But it's been in there since I was 16 years old, and I don't even have an opinion about it, but it's been there so long that I feel weird about taking it out. So Jolene got to be a navel-ringed demon. There you go!
TTVJ: That's nice. It represents a time that you were a good, supportive friend.
ZP: At least there's a story to it! [laughs] It was high school at lunch and we ran quickly to the place during lunch, got our navels pierced, and that was that. Here I am all these years later, but I could never walk around in a crop top and navel ring now. It's ridiculous that I have it. I know that.
TTVJ: Who do you think would win in a battle of Jolene vs. your Lost Girl character Dr. Lauren Lewis? Does the crazy demon come out ahead of the science and smarts?
ZP: I think it'd look like Jolene would win and then, Lauren would come up with an idea that figures out her achilles heel. Lauren did all sorts of things to The Morrigan (Emmanuelle Vaugier), remember? I think Lauren's brain certainly exceeds mine and she'd come up with a really unusual, creative way of taking Jolene out. It'd be difficult because Jolene is smart too, but her need and drive is so strong that it takes her smarts out. Lauren can stay clinical even when she's emotional.
TTVJ: "Jolene" is a pretty important episode for a lot of Wynonna Earp fans because of the fact that it deals with mental health and depression. What's the response from fans been like to you since that episode aired?
ZP: It took me completely by surprise. You never know how an audience will respond to anything and I just assumed the response would be 'we hate Jolene.' I think they do, but there's an understanding that it's a representation of something. I don't know that Dom and I went in with the idea of it representing that, but you can't miss it once you see it. For me, anything that gets at a topic that's often buried because of shame is something I have a big interest in unearthing. I don't think shame belongs almost anywhere. It's poisonous. Anything that gets shoved down and not talked about can only ever get worse. It never gets better from that place.
This episode has brought that to light a bit more. Nothing but good can come of that. A lot of people really feel alone and depression is a very isolating illness. This has allowed people to say 'I feel like that too,' and feel like it's OK to say and talk about it. It's beautiful.
The character that I play is awful in a lot of ways, but I have to play her from a place of empathy. I can't play a character that I hate so I had to find why her need was so strong to matter.
TTVJ: Mental health issues or depression certainly isn't something you defeat one time and then you're done forever dealing with it. It's a constant battle. So it made total sense that Waverly would have to face down Jolene again.
ZP: All of us have a version of Jolene in our lives telling us that we're not good enough, we don't matter, and no one would care if we weren't around. We have that voice and story we tell ourselves so any way we can keep bringing that up, in a way that makes people feel safe to talk about, then I'm all for — even if I have to be the Jolene!
TTVJ: Well, you really went for it! So much of what Jolene says in this episode is just TERRIBLE. But you really went all in and the performance was amazing.
ZP: Thank you. It was so important to me to make her real and three-dimensional. Noelle gave me so much. It was all there for me and I just had to fill it up. She did such a beautiful job that my job was to give back to her what she gave me. She would get the dailies and if she was nervous to give me the script, I was 100% nervous to give back my performance. I care about her so much as a friend, and have so much respect for her as a writer, that I felt vulnerable. She'd have an idea in her mind of what she's looking for, we talked about it beforehand, and she gave me no end of time filling me in on how she saw it in her head. So I felt a lot of pressure from myself, never from her, to deliver something that represented what she was trying to write.
TTVJ: You just wrapped shooting Season 3 of JANN. Is there anything you can preview about what's to come in that season?
ZP: We really get into some of the family dynamics that we left off on. My character finds out that she and Jann don't have the same dad, and I made a fool of myself meeting him for the first time last season. We revisit that storyline a little bit. I think they really have taken every character and pushed their storyline. The arc of Cale (Elena Juatco) is brilliant this season and you'll see a side of her that no one expected. Elena is such a talented actor and is really being given this season to show some stuff. It's really cool.
Wynonna Earp airs Fridays at 10 p.m. on SYFY and CTV Sci-Fi.
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Bridget Liszewski
Editor in Chief Bridget Liszewski comes from a long line of TV Junkies who fostered her love of television from a very young age. She's channeled that passion into covering both US and Canadian television shows, and is thankful everyday for the invention of the DVR. A graduate of the University of Notre Dame, she loves college football and is a fan of sports in general. Bridget is always up for talking TV and you can follow her on twitter at @BridgetOnTV.
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The idea of this book drew me in, along with the beautiful cover! As I started reading I realized that this was much more of a romance than I had expected. The storyline continued and I kept hoping I would fall in love with the characters but I just couldn't. The chapters kept jumping around and it made it hard to follow. The romance from the past and then the current romance was all smashed together and I found the main character to be slightly pathetic. I hate to say it but this book could have been so much better! I really can't recommend it and I am sad to say I only rate it at two stars.


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.Net .Net Framework architecture is composed of
July 10, 2019	admin
.NetFramework is a platform created by Microsoft to develop applications. .
Net framework provides IntegratedDevelopment Environment (IDE) where Window application, Web applications, Webservices and mobile applications can be developed. .Net framework possesses tiered, modular, and hierarchal architecture.
The .NET Framework ispartitioned into modules or layers each of which has its own distinctresponsibility and functions. NET languages are the top tier and the mostabstracted level.
The common language runtime is the bottom tier, the leastabstracted, and closest to the native environment. These are the overall draftarchitectures of .Net Framework. The detail construction style of .netframework architecture is described below..NetFramework Architectures.NetFramework architecture is composed of specific layers which have specific tasksto perform.
The layers of .Net framework architectures are listed below.Ø LanguageLayerØ CommonLanguage SpecificationØ UserInterface Layer (ASP.Net, Window Forms)Ø DataAccess Layer (ADO.Net, XML Web Services)Ø BaseClass LibraryØ CommonLanguage Runtime (CLR)Ø OperatingSystemThefollowing figure presents the layers of .Net Framework's architecture.
Language LayerTheupmost layer is the language layer of .Net framework architecture. Manyprogramming languages can be used to develop applications in .Net Framework..Net Framework supports 61 programming languages and some are Visual Basic, C#,C++, Python, COBOL, Jscript, Eiffel, Java, Haskell, Pascal, ML, Ada, APL, C,C++, Perl, Small Talk, Oberon, Scheme, Mercury, Oz, RPG and others.
Therefore,.Net Framework is claimed to have language operability.Net framework containsobject-oriented programming languages like C#, C++ and Visual Basic. These languagesare compiled to the Common language Specification and can work together in thesame application.
So, .net framework can also said to be languageindependence. It also supports languageintegration which offer functions of object-oriented languages like inheritanceof classes, catch exceptions and polymorphism across different languages. To beable to do so, .net components must follow a specification called CTS (CommonType Specification).Common Language Specification (CLS)CommonLanguage Specification is a set of language features supported by CommonLanguage Runtime (CLR) of the .
Net framework. CLS was designed to supportlanguage constructs commonly used by developers and to produce verifiable code,which allows all CLS-compliant languages to ensure the type safety of code. CLSincludes features common to many object-oriented programming languages. Itforms a subset of the functionality of common type system (CTS) and has morerules than defined in CTS.CLSrepresents the guidelines to the compiler of a language, which targets the .NETFramework. CLS acts as a tool for integrating different languages into oneumbrella in a seamless manner by executing language instructions to compilecode from different languages with the specified CLS basic rules.
How does CLS support in codecompilation?C#developers can inherit from classes defined in VB.NET or other .NET compatiblelanguages because of CLS in Common Language Runtime (CLR) provide a series ofbasic rules that are required for language integration.
The CLS determines theminimum requirements for being a .NET language. Compilers that conform to theCLS create objects that can interoperate with one another. The entire FrameworkClass Library (FCL) can be used by any language that conforms to the CLS.User Interface Layer .NetFramework can generally offer technologies or platforms for user interfaces.
Applications can be developed in .net Framework using three differenttechnologies: Web Services, Web Forms, and Windows Forms.ASP.NetASP.Netis a software development platform.ASP.Net can let developers create dynamic,data driven and interactive web pages over internet. It providesa programming model, a comprehensive software infrastructure and variousservices required to build up robust web applications for PC, as well as mobiledevices.
It consists of a large number of controls suchas text boxes, buttons, and labels for assembling, configuring, andmanipulating code to create HTML pages. ASP.NET is a technology, which works onthe .Net framework that contains all web-related functionalities.
How ASP.Net work in code compilation?AnASP.NET web application is made of pages. When a user requests an ASP.NET page,the Internet Information Server (IIS) delegates the processing of the page tothe ASP.
NET runtime system. The ASP.NET runtimetransforms the .aspx page into an instance of a class which inherits from thebase class page of the .Net framework. Therefore, each ASP.NET page is anobject and all its components i.
e., the server-side controls are also objects. Web services include a number of classes thatsupport the development of lightweight distributed components which will workeven in the face of firewalls and NAT software. Because web services employstandard HTTP and SOAP as underlying communications protocols, these componentssupport Plug and Play across cyberspace.Web FormsDeveloperscan use ASP.NET, XML Web services, and ADO.
NET to easily create feature-richWeb applications in .Net Framework.Window FormsWindowForms application is a program that is written to run under the Microsoft Windows operating system. All 32-bit Windows applications run in the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows. .Netframework supports multiple window form controls. For example, textboxes, ToolStrip Text Box and Rich Text Box are provided for Text edition function. ForText displaying function, label and status bar are provided.
Combo box, check box and other controls arealso included for selection. So, .Net Framework provides many window formcontrols for different functions.
Data Access Layer.NetFramework provides the following technologies to provide data access.Ø ADO.
NETØ XMLServicesADO.NetADO.NETis a database technology of .NET Framework used to connect application systemand database server. ADO stands for ActiveX Data Object.
It consists of a setof classes used to handle data access. TheADO.NET classes are easy to use and understand as they are object-oriented innature. ADO.Net includes DataSet class(System. Data) and that class includes methods like Clear(), Create(),CreateDataReader(), etc and events like Initialized, Diposed and MergeFailed.How ADO.Net work?Whendata is accessed, ADO.
NET makes a copy of the data using XML. ADO.NET onlyholds the connection open long enough to either pull down the data or to makeany requested updates. This makes ADO.
NET efficient to use for Web applications. It's also decentfor desktop applications. It allows to users manipulate data using XML as theprimary means.XMLWeb ServicesAnXML Web service is simply a unit of programming functionality that is exposedto client applications via the Internet. At its simplest, an XML Web service isany programming component or object that makes information available via standardInternet protocols such as HTTP. They can be also said as the new methods fordistributing web application functionality. It uses standard protocols likeHTTP and SOAP to provide services and functionalities to web applications.
TheXML Web Services return data to the calling application in the form of XMLdocuments.WCFWindowsCommunication Framework is Microsoft's framework to make inter-processcommunication easier. It let users do communication through various means,plain old asmx web services, Remoting, MS Message Queuing, and a couple more. It is basically used to create a distributed andinteroperable Application. WCF Applications came into the picture in .Net 3.0Framework. This is a framework, which is used for creating Service orientedApplications.
Users can send the data asynchronously from one end point toanother with the help of WCF.WPFWPF stands forWindows Presentation Foundation. It is Microsoft's latest approach to a GUIframework that is used with the .NET framework.
It is used to create userinterfaces for Windows operating system. The user interfaces are also known asWindows client applications or Windows applications. Now, with the launch ofWindows 10, Windows apps means more than WPF based applications. It isgenerally the engine that is responsible for creating, displaying, andmanipulating user-interfaces, documents, images, movies, and media in Windows 7and later Windows operating systems. Physically, WPF is a set of libraries thathave all functionality you need to build, run, execute, and manage Windowsclient applications.
Base Class Library (BCL)The.NET Framework class library is a library of classes, interfaces, and valuetypes that provide access to system functionality. It is the foundation onwhich .NET Framework applications, components, and controls are built. The baseclass library is divided into namespaces to locate the specified functionalityeasier. Within the namespaces, classes that perform certain functionalityrelated to name space exist. There are many name spaces and classes in BCL withdifferent functions. Some are as follow.
System Systemnamespace contains fundamental classes and base classes that definecommonly-used value and reference data types, events and event handlers,interfaces, attributes, and processing exceptions.Forexample: System. out. print(); System. DataTheSystem. Data namespaces contain classes for accessing and managing data fromdiverse sources. The top-level namespace and a number of the child namespacestogether form the ADO.
NET architecture and ADO.NET data providers.System. DrawingTheSystem.
Drawing parent namespace contains types that support basic GDI+graphics functionality.System. PrintingTheSystem. Printing namespaces contain types that support printing, that provideaccess to the properties of print system objects and enable rapid copying.System.
TimerTheSystem. Timers namespace provides the Timer component, which allows users toraise an event on a specified interval.Thereare many other namespaces with their own classes and functions. Only a littleis described here.Common Language Runtime (CLR)Itworks as a layer between Operating Systems and the applications written in .
Netlanguages that conforms to the Common Language Specification (CLS). The mainfunction of Common Language Runtime (CLR) is to convert the Managed Code intonative code and then execute the Program. The Managed Code compiled only whenit needed, that is it converts the appropriate instructions when each functionis called .The Common Language Runtime (CLR) 's just in time (JIT)compilation converts Intermediate Language (MSIL) to native code on demand atapplication run time.Operating SystemTheoperating systems, on which the .
NET Framework will run, can be divided in twogroups: one that will run the .NET Framework with ASP .NET and one that willrun it without. This can also be sesen as the distinction between operatingsystems that can be used as a server for .NET applications and operatingsystems that should be used as clients running .NET applications.
Note that allof the versions of Windows NT 4.0, even the Server edition, should be regardedas a client operating system for .NET applications.
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