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The teen desperate to attend her father's execution — and the court that won't allow it
The Independent 11/28/2022 Josh Marcus
In October, 19-year-old Corionsa "Khorry" Ramey took her newborn son to meet his grandfather, Kevin Johnson, in Missouri. "My father was able to hold his grandson, and we were able to get a photograph taken together," she later wrote of the meeting in court documents. "It was a beautiful but bittersweet moment for me, because I realize that it might be the only time that my father would get to hold my son."
Johnson is scheduled to be executed on Tuesday, November 29, after being sentenced to death for the 2005 murder of police sergeant William McEntee. A month after Johnson met his grandson, a federal court ruled that, under state law, Khorry won't be allowed to witness her father's execution because she is under 21.
"I have suffered so much loss in my life — first I lost my father to prison when I was two, and then I watched my mother's ex-boyfriend murder her when I was only four years old," Ramey wrote in another court filing. "It is excruciating to know that I am about to lose my father all over again."
On any death row in America, you will find stories of unimaginable loss, injusticee, and trauma for those impacted on all sides. Capital punishment often finds people who have struggled through enormous violence in their own lives, and wrought that same violence on others. To understand what it means to witness the final chapter of a death sentence, one must start at the very beginning of the story.
Kevin Johnson grew up in dire circumstances, with a father who was incarcerated for most of his childhood and a mother who was addicted to crack. Johnson and his siblings were often left, sometimes for days at a time, to fend for themselves. Social services records indicate case workers once found Johnson and a brother living among cockroaches, which Johnson said he would chase for food. His brother, Joseph "Bam Bam" Long, was born with a congenital heart defect after being exposed to cocaine in utero. At 14, Johnson was living in and out of group homes, and he attempted suicide.
© Provided by The Independent Khorry Ramey has maintained a close relationship with her father Kevin Johnson, even though he has been on Missouri death row since she was two years old (ACLU)
In 2005, Johnson, by then 19 years old, broke the terms of his parole for a past offense involving a domestic dispute with Khorry's mother. He was warned that police were searching for him. Thinking officers might seize his car, Johnson sent Bam Bam a few houses over to deliver the keys to his grandmother, to make it look like she owned the vehicle.
In a tragic turn of events, as officers arrived at Johnson's home in the suburbs of St Louis, Bam Bam went into cardiac arrest. Watching from nextdoor, Johnson says he saw officers fail to render speedy aid to his kid brother, and manhandle his worried mother, nearly knocking her off a porch. (The department said it began lifesaving measures for the child as soon as it was clear that Bam Bam was dying of heart failure, and denied getting physical with Johnson's mother.)
The experience sent Johnson into a kind of blind rage, he later testified. He blamed himself and the police for his brother's death. When he ran into Sgt McEntee — one of the policemen present during the encounter with Bam Bam and his mother — later that day, Johnson fired multiple times into the officer's face at close range, killing him instantly.
"They didn't try to help [Bam Bam] because they was looking for me," Johnson told the jury during his 2007 trial. "I flipped out, and I pulled out my gun, and I started shooting… I was just in a trance." McEntee left behind a wife, a daughter, two sons, and a niece with a heart problem and a feeding tube for whom he helped his sister care.
The case, in which a young Black man killed a white police officer, quickly became a sensation in Kirkwood, Missouri, a largely white suburb where a police officer hadn't been killed in over 100 years. The local prosecutor, Robert McCulloch, had a reputation for securing death sentences. At age 12, the official's own father, a St Louis police officer, had been killed in the line of duty by a Black man.
© Provided by The Independent Khorry Ramey during high school graduation (ACLU)
Johnson's first trial ended in a mistrial in 2007. Jurors couldn't reach an agreement on what the young man's state of mind had been during the slaying: whether it was a premeditated killing or a spasm of sudden violence. A retrial later that year, where the jury pool changed from a racially diverse group to a majority of white panelists, found Johnson guilty and sought the death penalty.
Khorry managed to keep a relationship with her father while he was on death row. After her mother was killed in front of her by an ex-boyfriend, Johnson was the only parent she had left. The two stayed in touch with regular calls, emails, and visits, where they would play Scrabble and take Polaroid photos together.
By all accounts, Johnson was as involved a father as possible. He worked with state officials and secured an academic liaison to help keep an eye on Khorry's grades as she pursued an interest in nursing. When Khorry graduated high school, she wore a T-shirt under her gown with photos of Johnson, her mother, and her maternal grandmother, along with the text: "I did it for y'all."
Khorry, whose case has been taken up by the American Civil Liberties Union, argues that the state of Missouri is violating her constitutional rights by denying her the chance to be present at her father's execution: specifically, her First Amendment right to associate with her father, and her Fourteenth Amendment guarantee of equal protection under the law (in this case, equal treatment to those aged 21 and over who are able to witness the execution of family members.) Given that both 19-year-olds and 21-year-olds are legal adults, there is "no legitimate state purpose to bar Ms Ramey from witnessing her father's execution, simply because she is an adult younger than 21 — because none exists," the ACLU argued in one of its briefs.
Earlier this month, US District Judge Brian Wimes acknowledged the cruelty of the situation. Nevertheless, he held that the harm caused to Khorry by not being able to witness the execution didn't amount to a constitutional violation. "The Court does not discount [Ms Ramey's] allegations of emotional harm and does not dispute they are irreparable, both in a personal sense and a legal sense," he wrote on Friday, though he ultimately concluded the state could continue to bar her from the execution chamber to protect "the sovereignty of its criminal law enforcement" policies.
The ACLU argues this is an "illogical and irrational" conclusion. "Compounding her pain and grief by barring her from being with her father will do nothing to provide closure or healing to anyone else," Corene Kendrick, deputy director of the ACLU's National Prison Project and one of Ramey's lawyers, said in a statement after the decision. "If 19 is not old enough to witness an execution, then the state should spare Mr Johnson's life for what he did when he was 19."
"I'm heartbroken that I won't be able to be with my dad in his last moments," Ramey added in the release. "My dad is the most important person in my life. He has been there for me my whole life, even though he's been incarcerated. He is a good father, the only parent I have left."
Critics say there are other problems with the case as well, pointing out that capital punishment disproportionately affects Black men — especially when the victim of the crime is white. As late as Monday afternoon, hearings were ongoing at the Missouri Supreme Court to stay the killing.
Late last year, Johnson's legal team asked St Louis County's newly created Conviction and Incident Review Unit to investigate allegations of racial bias hanging over the case. This year, special prosecutor Edward Keenan declared the 2007 death sentence was tainted by "improper racial factors" and called to vacate the sentence.
"These facts and others leave no serious doubt that Mr McCulloch's office discriminated," the Kansas city attorney wrote of his findings. "The judgment must be set aside so that a lawful trial and sentence may proceed."
The special prosecutor pointed to how local officials had declined to seek the death penalty for Trenton Dorster, a white man accused of similar crimes as Johnson. The official also said he uncovered memos suggesting a deliberate attempt to strike Black jurors based solely on their race, which is illegal.
Indeed, during the trial itself, jurors reported race divided the hearing room, with one Black juror describing a pair of white jurors describing African-Americans as "you people" and cautioning everyone else that a sentence less than death would mean Johnson would "get out and hunt them down." Another Black juror said she had a friend drive her to the trial because she felt so intimidated by the large police presence in the courtroom, and feared she'd be improperly pulled over or arrested for parking herself.
A study from University of North Carolina researchers found that McCulloch, the prosecutor who sent Johnson to death, was 3.5 times more likely to seek an execution in homicide cases involving a white victim, matching the large body of evidence that the death penalty is applied along racist lines. (McCulloch denied accusations of racism in a recent interview with the local Riverfront Times, saying, "There's no question that you can't do the job that I did for as long as I did it and not have some people think that you're a terrible person.")
Most of Johnson's remaining appeals appear to have been unsuccessful.
Earlier this month, a county court rejected the special prosecutor's findings without holding a hearing, even though state law requires one.
Then, on Monday, Missouri governor Mike Parson said he would not grant Johnson clemency.
"Mr Johnson has received every protection afforded by the Missouri and United States Constitutions, and Mr Johnson's conviction and sentence remain for his horrendous and callous crime. The State of Missouri will carry out Mr Johnson's sentence according to the Court's order and deliver justice," Governor Mike Parson said on Monday in a statement. "The violent murder of any citizen, let alone a Missouri law enforcement officer, should be met only with the fullest punishment state law allows. Through Mr Johnson's own heinous actions, he stole the life of Sergeant McEntee and left a family grieving, a wife widowed, and children fatherless."
Barring any last-minute rulings, Khorry will soon be left fatherless as well.
The Independent and the nonprofit Responsible Business Initiative for Justice (RBIJ) have launched a joint campaign calling for an end to the death penalty in the US. The RBIJ has attracted more than 150 well-known signatories to their Business Leaders Declaration Against the Death Penalty - with The Independent as the latest on the list. We join high-profile executives like Ariana Huffington, Facebook's Sheryl Sandberg, and Virgin Group founder Sir Richard Branson as part of this initiative and are making a pledge to highlight the injustices of the death penalty in our coverage.
From news to politics, travel to sport, culture to climate – The Independent has a host of free newsletters to suit your interests. To find the stories you want to read, and more, in your inbox, click here.
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Santa Ana College Holds 96th Annual Commencement
(Santa Ana)—Santa Ana College (SAC) will hold its 96th annual commencement exercise on Thursday, May 17, at 6:30 p.m. at Eddie West Field - Santa Ana Stadium, 602 N Flower St, Santa Ana, CA. There are 1,980 students who are eligible to graduate.
The Class of 2012 valedictorian is Ivan de Jesus Garcia, a 28-year-old resident of Moreno Valley. He graduates with an associate of arts degree in speech language pathology assisting with a grade point average of 4.0. Garcia attended Valley View High School in Moreno Valley where he participated in the school's Allied Health Academy. At age 17, he obtained a certified nurse assistant license and began working at a skilled nursing facility. After working in this field for six months, he transitioned to the rehabilitation department. This exposure encouraged him to enter the medical field.
After high school graduation, he attended Riverside Community College and transferred to the University of California, Riverside, where he majored in biological sciences with a minor in Italian. While studying abroad at the UC Study Center in Siena, Italy, he realized that he no longer wanted to become a physician, but still liked the healthcare field and the study of language. After taking two years off from his studies, he discovered the field of speech pathology, which melded his love for language and for healthcare.
In 2010, he entered the SAC Speech Language Pathology Assistant Program commuting 100 miles every day to and from the college to his home in Moreno Valley. At the same time, he continued his full-time job at Reche Canyon Rehabilitation and Health Care Center, successfully completed internships at the Jurupa Unified School District and the St. Jude Centers for Rehabilitation and Wellness. His long-term goal is to obtain a master's degree in communicative disorders. He hopes to provide services to the underrepresented language communities for whom resources and services are limited and one day establish his own practice.
"Santa Ana College has provided me with the opportunity to pursue something I have a passion for," said Garcia. "I was able to focus on the types of patients I would like to work with and Program Coordinator Monica Porter helped me get good internships offering a wide range of experiences."
More than 5,000 people, including 600 graduates, friends and families, are expected to attend the commencement ceremony this Thursday. Among the graduates will be 31 Middle College High School graduates who will receive both their high school diplomas and associate degrees this spring paving their way to transfer to universities.
"Commencement is a very special occasion for our students, their families, our faculty and staff," said Erlinda J. Martinez, Ed.D., Santa Ana College president. "Our students have had to overcome numerous obstacles—balancing family responsibilities and economic challenges while completing degree and certificate requirements. Our commencement exercise honors their dedication and hard work."
This year's faculty speaker is Suzanne Freeman, SAC professor of fire technology. Freeman's career with Costa Mesa Fire Department began in 1987. Her positions included fire protection specialist, fire education specialist, and public information officer. She came to SAC in 1992 and now teaches a wide range of entry-level fire technology courses and serves as advisor the Fire Technology Club. In addition, she has been active on both state and national curriculum committees helping to standardize instruction across the state and nation. As a self-proclaimed "fire prevention geek," she publishes a blog, www.firepreventiongeek.blogspot.com and tweets about fire prevention via www.twitter.com/FirePrevGeek.
Other individuals to be honored at the SAC ceremony include:
Lynn Marecek, SAC professor of mathematics, will be recognized for receiving the Distinguished Faculty Award. In her 17 years at SAC, Marecek has made countless contributions to curriculum and development for the Mathematics Department. Her pioneering efforts in the development and coordination of the Freshman Experience Program earned the California Community College Board of Governors Exemplary Program Award this year. In 2011, she and fellow mathematics professor, MaryAnn Anthony-Smith co-authored Strategies for Success.
Ruth Rodriguez, SAC senior interpreter, will be honored as the Classified Employee of the Year. A SAC alumna, she has been employed by the college for 22 years as part of the Disabled Student Programs and Services. She works closely with the students in the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Program offering interpretation services on a total of five school campuses. She will also provide sign language interpretation services at this year's commencement.
Part of Rancho Santiago Community College District, Santa Ana College serves nearly 35,000 credit and non-credit students each semester and offers 136 certificate and associate degree programs. This mission of the Rancho Santiago Community College District (RSCCD) is to respond to the educational needs of an ever-changing community and to provide programs and services that reflect academic excellence. Santa Ana College and Santiago Canyon College are public community colleges of RSCCD, which serves the residents of Anaheim Hills, East Garden Grove, Irvine, Orange, Santa Ana, Tustin and Villa Park. Both colleges provide education for academic transfer and careers, courses for personal and professional development, customized training for business and industry, and programs to train nurses, firefighters and law enforcement personnel.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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GlobalAmericanAustralian/British
UK Becomes First Country to Declare a 'Climate Emergency'
May 12, 2019May 12, 2019By The Conversation
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Author: Chris Turney, Professor of Earth Science and Climate Change, ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, UNSW.
Last week a bipartisan UK Parliament passed an extraordinary measure: a national declaration of an Environment and Climate Emergency.
The UK is the first national government to declare such an emergency. The decision marks a renewed sense of urgency in tackling climate change, following a visit to Parliament by teenage activist Greta Thunberg, the broadcast of David Attenborough's documentary Climate Change: The Facts and 11 days of protest by environmental group Extinction Rebellion that paralysed parts of London.
Related Post: Why Making Conscious Consumer Choices Shouldn't Be a Substitute for Political Action
There are now some 49 million people living under national, city and local declarations of a climate emergency around the world.
Extinction Rebellion protesters surround a boat blocking Oxford Circus, London. Kevin J. Frost/Shutterstock
What is a climate emergency?
While there is no precise definition of what constitutes action to meet such an emergency, the move has been likened to putting the country on a "war footing", with climate and the environment at the very centre of all government policy, rather than being on the fringe of political decisions.
The UK are legally committed to a 80% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050 (relative to their 1990 levels) and was recently recognised as one of just 18 developed economies that have driven down carbon dioxide emissions over the last decade.
Some city and local councils have set out their climate emergency policies to become carbon zero by 2030 built around renewable energy supplies, more energy-efficient housing and a host of other measures. Yesterday's decision in Parliament implies further national reductions and investment in this space.
Counting down to 2030
The year 2030 is an important target. In spite of what climate contrarians might voice very loudly, five of our planet's warmest years on record have occurred since 2010, whilst 2018 experienced all manner of climate extremes that broke numerous global records.
It's sobering to realise that, because the oceans are a major sink of heat, the estimated 40-year delay in the release of this energy back into the atmosphere means the conditions of the last decade are in part a consequence of our pollution from the 1970s.
With the planet to experience further warming from the heat held by the oceans, there is increasing international focus on meeting the United Nation's Paris Agreement which was signed by 197 countries in 2016. This ground-breaking agreement has the ambitious global aim of preventing global temperatures from reaching two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels (the late nineteenth century) by 2100, and ideally should be no more than 1.5 degrees Celsius.
Declaring an emergency was one of the demands from the Extinction Rebellion protest put to the UK government. Credit: Shutterstock
A report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (the IPCC) has suggested that meeting this target means annual global carbon emissions must effectively halve between now and 2030, and then fall to zero by 2050. This is a target the UK opposition party Labour are now calling for.
More recent studies suggest even more ambitious cuts may be required.
The cost of inaction
Research in Australia has investigated the cost to the global economy if the Paris Agreement is not met and the world hits four degrees Celsius warmer.
The values are eye-watering: an estimated US$23 trillion a year over the long-term. This has been likened to the world experiencing four to six global financial crises on the scale of 2008 every year.
In Australia, the cost would be on the order of A$159 billion a year, with most of the losses caused by drought-driven collapses in agricultural productivity and sea level rise. The expense to each Australian household has been put at the order of A$14,000.
The declaration of climate emergency by the UK comes at a crucial time in Australia, just a week out from a federal election. While the major parties have made public statements of support for the Paris Agreement, it remains unclear whether current and former leaders are fully aware of their obligations.
Related Post: Climate Change Policies: How Do Australian Labor, the Coalition and the Greens Compare?
At a time when politicians discuss the need to "live within our means" when it comes to national finances, this does not appear to translate to the environment when we're considering future generations.
Instead we seem to be caught in a debate surrounding the costs of action rather than inaction. The next generation of Australian voters certainly don't seem confident about political commitments to their future as they hold their national school strike tomorrow.
The welcome announcement from the UK is a major step in the right direction and potentially a watershed moment for a more sustainable global future. Is it too much to hope Australia could follow next?
Never miss our posts. Sign up for our weekly newsletter and receive our free sustainable lifestyle guide.
Recommending reading:
Game of Thrones is the Perfect Metaphor For Politics and Climate Change
The Real Cost of Fast Fashion: An Essay Exploring the Fashion Industry's Social and Environmental Issues
Concerned About The UN Climate Report? Take These Sustainable Actions Today…
14 Famous Female Leaders on Climate Change, Sustainability and Protecting Our Environment
Rise For Climate: Activists Call for 100% Clean Renewable Energy
How to Challenge Neoliberalism's Mantra of Consumerism and Infinite Growth to Save the Planet
Feature image of protest by Extinction Rebellion have brought parts of London to a standstill. Credit: Shutterstock
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Solos for Young Violinists Volume 2 is the second volume in the graded series of works by Barbara Barber. The volumes range from elementary to advanced levels representing an exciting variety of styles and techniques for violinists — a valuable resource for teachers and students of all ages. Many of the works in this collection have long been recognized as stepping stones to the major violin repertoire, while others are newly published pieces for further choices of study.
Barber B, Bohm K., Clebanoff H, Dvorak A., Mollenhauer E, Rieding O, Seitz F.


A collection of songs written by industry veteran Rodney Crowell along with bestselling author and poet Mary Karr, recorded by a who's who of country and Americana music greats. It should be enough to set the mouth of many a roots music aficiando watering.
First as a songwriter, then as a new country superstar, and currently as an alternative country icon, Rodney Crowell has made an indelible mark on country music for nearly four decades.


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g2glol Great seller to deal with! Item delivered as described. Thank you!
@eblom is on Carousell - Follow to stay updated!
Excellent range of neutral eyeshadows. Given as a gift and never used (only some colors swatches) as I already had a similar pallete.
Includes eye shadow, lip glosses, blush and highlights. Was given as a gift and only some eye shadow colors have been swatched, otherwise never used!


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Board index » Jersey City, NJ » Politics & Government » End of AirBnB in Jersey City?
Topic options View mode Oldest First
(1) 2 3 4 5 »
caj11
Re: End of AirBnB in Jersey City?
Last Login :
val7101 wrote:
What's that sad lady from the tv commercial gonna do now? Oh I know maybe rent out her apartment to long term tenants while she lives in her second apartment?
If you're talking about that woman named Sherry, she doesn't even have to do that. She can continue to do the same as she did before, as long as she lives in the same building. These regulations didn't mean a damn thing to her! I don't think these regulations meant a damn thing to anybody featured in AirBnB's infomercials/advertorials. At the end of the day, they were just paid spokespeople with whom we were supposed to feel sympathy for. The people that this referendum did affect - people who own the buildings, rent out rooms on AirBnB but don't live in the buildings - don't present much of a sob story.
Never had a problem with AirBnB but I do have a problem with lying.
neverleft
Jersey City voters say ?Yes? to Airbnb regulations in N.J.'s most expensive local referendum
Updated Nov 05, 2019;Posted Nov 05, 2019
By Joshua Rosario | The Jersey Journal
In the most expensive municipal referendum in state history, Jersey City voters on Tuesday preserved an ordinance that regulates short-term rentals, ending a bitter fight over the future of services like Airbnb in the state?s second-largest city.
Jersey City voted overwhelmingly ?yes? on Municipal Question 1 and upheld the new regulations, delivering a huge blow to Airbnb, which spent more than $3 million on the election.
https://www.nj.com/hudson/2019/11/jers ... ive-local-referendum.html
Annod
From Exchange Place
Jersey City voters pass restrictions on Airbnb, short-term rentals
By DAVID PORTER
JERSEY CITY, New Jersey -- Voters in a New Jersey city that's just a few minutes by train from the tourist sights of Manhattan approved restrictions Tuesday on Airbnb and other short-term rental companies.
The vote was an endorsement of restrictions that were initially passed by Jersey City lawmakers in June, but were put on hold after short-term rental advocates gathered enough signatures to force a referendum.
Jersey City, a city of around 271,000 people just across the Hudson River from lower Manhattan, has become increasingly popular with tourists seeking an alternative to pricey New York City lodging. Since officials approved short-term rentals there about four years ago, the number of homes being listed nightly on sites like Airbnb has increased tenfold.
That led to complaints about absentee owners turning apartment buildings into de facto hotels and having a negative effect on affordable housing.
When city officials acted to reign in the Airbnb bonanza, short-term renters pushed back, saying putting their homes up on the site helped them defray high housing costs by bringing in paying guests.
The regulations limit how often landlords can rent properties if they don't live on site. They also forbid short-term rentals in buildings with more than four units if the owner isn't present and prohibit renters from serving as hosts.
The referendum was the latest chapter in a battle that has played out in numerous American cities, including San Francisco, where Airbnb is based.
It generated a flurry of television ads in the New York market with both sides accusing each other of spreading misinformation about the size of the market and the potential effect of the restrictions.
Airbnb and local advocates argued that the restrictions would have the effect of eliminating 90% of the city's properties from the market and would disproportionately affect renters, most of whom are minorities.
https://abc7ny.com/politics/jersey-cit ... ort-term-rentals/5672976/
JC_rider
Finally this non-sense is over.
jerseymom
Jersey City Municipal Question #1 (Vote For 1)
Districts Reporting: 90%
Yes . 69.47% . 15,222
No . 30.53% . 6,690
As of 10pm
TheBigGuy wrote:
Link to AirBNB voting.... The question is going down in most districts by YES significant margins. Districts where NO won are close by 2 or 3 votes... Makes you wonder ?
https://results.enr.clarityelections.c ... 893/Web02.232126/#/cid/35
That map is a great tool. Funny Yun's Ward D The Heights and Boggiano's Ward C Journal Square went YES. They both voted NO on the ordinance.
TheBigGuy
Amen to the end of the commercials and mailings.... I was out about 7:00 before work Ward E. In and out, but as I was leaving about 12 people came through the door. It will be an interesting vote count.
caj11 wrote:
So the big vote is today, did you see many people at the polls?
I was 225 at noon pretty good.
At least after today that vote NO commercial with the woman who says:
?We obviously need to rent out our apartment in order to make ends meet and especially with taxes the way they are in Jersey City.?
Will stop.
Just to stir things up some more....
https://apnews.com/47f1797489eb4ab3928cd56aacfbfcec
The original ordinance was Mayor Fulop's idea, not Councilman Boggiano. I remember the articles in papers outside JC where he said JC is ready for Airbnb. At the point, Airbnb was getting some push back from New York City's residents.
JCBORN
Quite a regular
neverleft wrote:
Hmmm interesting website https://jerseycityairbnb.com/
Boggiano Family Profit from STRs
- November 1, 2019November 1, 2019 - friendly neighbor
https://jerseycityairbnb.com/boggiano-family-profit-from-strs/
Good for them. They were able to work hard, buy an investment and make money off of it.
Short-term rentals referendum: Vote ?Yes,? push for amendments | Jersey Journal endorsement
Today 7:30 AM (11/2/2019)
By Jersey Journal Editorial
When Jersey City voters head to the polls Tuesday, they?ll decide whether new, more stringent restrictions on short-term rentals should be implemented or whether looser 2015 regulations should remain in effect while the city administration and council go back to the drawing board.
The debate over the referendum ? which was forced by the Airbnb platform and current hosts who either will be or fear they will be shut out of the market if the new regulations take effect -- has taken on a win-at-all-costs tenor we find disturbing.
https://www.nj.com/opinion/2019/11/sho ... -journal-endorsement.html
Jersey City fights Airbnb war fueled by NYC crackdown
By Julia Marsh October 29, 2019 | 7:22pm
Mayor Bill de Blasio?s Airbnb crackdown in the Big Apple has pushed the battle over short-term rentals across the Hudson River to Jersey City, where voters will decide Nov. 5 whether to regulate them in their neighborhoods.
?I think Jersey City is kind of a proxy for what?s going on in the New York market,? said Sue Altman, the state?s director for the Working Families Party, referring to the flourishing of Airbnb in the New Jersey commuter enclave since de Blasio?s crackdown on it in the five boroughs.
But ?we?re not just going to take things that are regulated out of New York City and take them with open arms ? that?s not what New Jersey is here for,? she said.
In New York City, most short-term rentals are illegal unless the permanent tenant is also living in the apartment. De Blasio has poured $6 million into enforcement of illegal listings during his tenure.
Consequently, there are now 3,000 Airbnb rentals in Jersey City, many of which are marketed to tourists visiting the Big Apple and controlled by commercial operators with multiple listings instead of individual property owners, according to the independent data website Inside Airbnb.
An Airbnb spokeswoman refuted those figures but could not provide alternative information.
The measure on the Jersey City ballot next month will allow residents to vote on regulations that would impose an annual 60-day rental limit for property owners who don?t live on site, require a $500,000 home-insurance policy of them and implement city code inspections every three years.
Liz DeBold Fusco, an Airbnb spokeswoman, said the restrictions would amount to a ban on Airbnb, putting thousands of residents who rent their homes through the system in ?serious financial jeopardy.?
She said the ban was ?crafted at the behest of the hotel industry?s special interests.?
Indeed the politically powerful Hotel Trades Council, a union representing hotel workers who see Airbnb as a direct competitor, plans to spent $1.15 million to ensure the ballot measure passes.
But Airbnb has spent another $4.2 million opposing the referendum.
Staci Berger, president of the nonprofit Housing and Community Development Network of New Jersey, said the regulations are necessary to protect affordable rents in Jersey City, since such short-term rentals eat up the overall housing market.
?We support a ?yes? vote on the sensible ballot question because we want to keep apartments affordable for renters while protecting residents? health and safety and preserving the ability of homeowners to rent their homes if they choose,? Berger said.
https://nypost.com/2019/10/29/jersey-c ... -fueled-by-nyc-crackdown/
Correcting some of the misinformation from Airbnb; Don?t snooze, vote ?yes? | Letters
Updated 4:26 PM; Today 3:46 PM
https://www.nj.com/hudson/2019/10/corr ... ooze-vote-no-letters.html
Vote ?yes? and approve regulations on Airbnb rentals | Letter
https://www.nj.com/hudson/2019/10/vote ... irbnb-rentals-letter.html
K-Lo2 wrote:
While tossing out the election pamphlets this week, one did catch my eye about Rebecca Symes and The Australians throwing THOUSANDS of JC residents out on the street after stealing their homes
...by paying above market prices in cash?
THOUSANDS?????
On the STREET no less!
DouglasReynholm
Re: Ad number 4, Sherry G (plus husband). Owner of apparently two family on Sherman Place since 2013 (all public records). This law has no effect on her. She will be able to AIRBNB or RENT her apartment because she lives on the premises. Help her out on the 9K of taxes per year. YES will win !!!!
K-Lo2
From Jersey City
Hey caj11
Found it? it was just on the Sunday morning CBS News 8:15 am so I did some more digging.
It is on their website https://www.keepourhomesjc.com/videos
Keep Our Homes Spot #4
Doing a tax look up with her last name the property is located 37-37A SHERMAN PLACE. She is the woman featured in the Keep Our Homes Spot #2 saying her house has been in the family for 3 generations. A nice brick 2 unit house so if she lives there she can short term rent that apartment 365 days a year to cover her taxes. Duh.
The silly thing on the woman in spot #4 is that she has one unit rented out on AirBnB, and she lives on the same property. So, if I understand these proposed regulations correctly, they would have NO effect on her. They only affect people with four or more units at the same property being rented out. She shouldn't care about this at all.
Nothing but a paid spokesperson for AirBnB I guess. I don't even care about this one way or the other - I don't rent out any space on AirBnB, and AirBnB hasn't seemed to affect my neighborhood (I don't see strangers traipsing around with suitcases every Friday and Sunday, as is the common complaint). But if AirBnB is going to disseminate propaganda like this, they should be using people whose situation is truly affected by this, not some glorified sob story that essentially is a lie and can be easily verified with property records. Would make it all more convincing.
Also see this link:
https://jerseycityairbnb.com/the-problem-with-sherry-geoghan/
Not only do these proposed regulations not affect this woman or her property, the rising property taxes that supposedly hurt so many people in the last reval went DOWN for this woman!
Really, AirBnB?
(again, I don't have a problem with the AirBnB concept itself, I just have a problem with lying)
From Hamilton Park
\Also says the 5 rooms have push button coded locks gee wouldn?t that make it a hotel?
I have pushbutton locks on my apt and basement doors, does that make my home a hotel?
Thanks, much appreciated. I will check it out.
This is a scary Airbnb ad knowing it is for a 100-year-old wood frame aluminum clad 2 story 2 unit house. It also has a 3rd floor attic space. Does the city check these properties? Or will the new ordinance have a clause for them to be inspected by the fire department? Reading the reviews, it seems there is an attic room with people complaining about going up the old long narrow staircase. Also says the 5 rooms have push button coded locks gee wouldn?t that make it a hotel? This property is up Journal Square at the end of Pavonia Avenue on the right a few houses away for the Square Ramp back entrance.
?Well lit, large private bedroom in a house a 2 minute walk from the Journal Square PATH Train Station. 15 minutes to Manhattan. Nice, quiet area with great restaurants and grocery stores. Beautiful large house newly renovated. Large kitchen with all brand new appliances. All brand new furniture. Huge backyard with patio set & lawn. The house is shared with 5 other airbnb rooms. The house is professionally cleaned daily. There is cable tv and free coffee provided. I am available 24-7. Thanks!?
Edited by neverleft on 2019/10/27 12:44:28
In the middle there was real bad photo of the Mayor and a paragraph about Dixon being the "lead" (whatever that is) in building the summer house in RI.
No idea what the point of it was but it sounds like one of the "JC Good Govt. Committees" is getting pretty desperate about something. Gotta love Hudson County Politics!
I don't suppose we can see that particular story online? I'd sure like to see it but couldn't find anything on the Fox 5 website. Sounds interesting.
Wait is in not news piece it is a fake commercail to make you think it was a news piece. I also looked for it this morning on the internet no luck. I again saw it during the 5 pm edition of Eyewitness News. It is new so I bet it will be on the internet soon.
A new low for the vote NO crew. I was watching Good Day NY this morning when a breaking news like video comes on. It is set up a like local news station piece with a bottom banner. HOL-TV I think. The news caster voice says ?JC is about to ban shot-term rentals?. The red headed woman who is in another commercial that says her family will probably lose their house that has been in the family for generations appears. This time she said she won?t be able to pay her taxes if she is not allowed to rent out an apartment. It ends with the news caster voice saying ?back to you? as the GDNY comes back on. Sad. More deception and funny if the woman wanted to save her property why not rent the apartment out long-term with no worries about finding a short-term daily booking.
PS ? I got my 8th can we count on you to vote NO call from Pennsylvania last night.


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Mountain West News Bureau
A regional collaboration of public media stations that serve the Rocky Mountain States of Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming.
Climate Change Pushes Fires Higher Into The Mountains
Boise State Public Radio News | By Madelyn Beck
Dixie Fire night operations near Taylorsville, California on August 25, 2021.
Higher elevations like mountain tops usually have more moisture, and fires historically hadn't burned there very often. But that's changing rapidly.
The Dixie and Caldor fires in California are the first and second wildfires ever recorded to cross the Sierra Nevada crest and burn down the other side, according to Boise State University researcher Moji Sadegh.
Sadegh said fire managers used to let fires moving up mountain sides burn because they'd eventually reach an area wet enough that they stop progressing.
"But now, they can't do that because it's going to reach the top of the mountain, and it's going to jump the breach and burn on the other side," said Sadegh, an assistant professor of civil engineering and head of BSU's Hydroclimate Lab.
Sadegh wrote about these changes in a recent article in The Conversation, which is largely based on research he co-authored that showed how large forest fires have increased across high-elevation, mountainous areas since the '80s.
"Across the West, the fires are going up with a median total rate of 252 meters over 1984 to 2017," he said.
Sadegh said some of these Western forests used to see fires only every hundred years or more, but several landscapes have gone up in flames over the last few years, including in the Cameron Peak and East Troublesome fires in Colorado last year.
Sadegh said we can't blame a history of fire suppression for this change, though, because fires didn't have a history of burning there very often. Instead, he says climate change is the driver.
"When we see more and more of these high-elevation fires occur," he said, "then we can look back and determine that, 'Hey, this was really the warming, because the other factors were absent.'"
He says burn scars across mountain tops could increase avalanche dangers, decrease snowpack and lead to warming waters that could hurt wildlife.
"But that's not all. Water quality is being impacted by these burn scars. There is a lot of erosion that happens post-fire. There are lots of other contaminants that erode with the soil and come to our reservoirs. And that impacts the treatment necessary for the water before being delivered to cities," he said.
Sadegh said mountain communities and businesses like ski resorts need to understand the severity of the situation. Fires aren't behaving the same way anymore, and he said areas with no major fires in recorded history could now be vulnerable.
"Communicating the risk to them is very important. And I want to go back to the city of Paradise. Camp Fire – it killed 85 people." he said.
Sadegh noted that some of those people didn't think the risk was too high, and didn't leave when they still could. They stayed, and they died.
"The fire behavior is so volatile, these recent fires are so destructive, it's important for all of us to be ready for the new risks that are out there," he said.
Sadegh encourages people to look at documents available at Firewise USA for tips on how to better protect their homes and communities from wildfire.
This story was produced by the Mountain West News Bureau, a collaboration between Nevada Public Radio, Wyoming Public Media, Boise State Public Radio in Idaho, KUNR in Nevada, the O'Connor Center for the Rocky Mountain West in Montana, KUNC in Colorado, KUNM in New Mexico, with support from affiliate stations across the region. Funding for the Mountain West News Bureau is provided in part by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
Science & Research WildfiresWildfires 2021
Madelyn Beck
Madelyn Beck is Boise State Public Radio's regional reporter with the Mountain West News Bureau.
See stories by Madelyn Beck


Skirmish Days are open to all levels of player and there is always a good mix of experienced and 1st time players.
Check our our Facebook Page for upcoming dates played every Sunday throughout the year.
There may be a minor change to Sunday games around Christmas and new year depending on what days the holidays fall on.
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Missouri Farm Bureau Insurance offers an easy way to manage any of your policies.
Farm Bureau members enjoy an impressive array of. If you pay for health insurance premiums or out-of-pocket healthcare. Start claiming your member benefits!
16:10 Ex-Sena corporator detained in Dabholkar killing case: A former Shiv Sena corporator has been detained in connection with the killing of anti-superstition.
Farm Bureau Insurance Explained: States and Membership. company can pay claims. Most Farm Bureau insurance companies have been. car insurance.
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Like it or not, car accidents happen every day – protect you and your family on the road with car insurance from Indiana Farm Bureau Insurance. Contact an agent today!
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Aug 18, 2018 · The average salary for Farm Bureau Insurance Company employees is $44,000 per year. Visit PayScale to research Farm Bureau Insurance Company salaries, bonuses, reviews, and benefits.


A Foundry customer was in need of 100' of an Apron/Beaded ½" Pan Belt. In addition to having to build this special type of belt, May Conveyor had to order special materials with only one month to get this done. As May Conveyor had to rely on outside vendors for the material, it was a challenging task, but May Conveyor was able to manage the process, leverage long time relationship with vendors and deliver on time.


text:
Maine International Film Festival to feature political thriller as centerpiece
Organizers said this year's festival is being dedicated to all people of color who have died due to racial violence.
By Molly ShellyMorning Sentinel
WATERVILLE — This year's Maine International Film Festival in Waterville will include the world premiere of the film "American Thief," which will serve as the event's centerpiece.
Written by Miguel Silveira, Michael Stolnicki and Missy Hernandez, the film is described as a "documentary-narrative hybrid, filmed and scripted around true events between 2015 to 2019."
Set in the height of the 2016 presidential campaign, "American Thief" follows two teenage hackers — Diop, who is determined to expose government surveillance programs, and Toncruz, who wants to avenge his father's murder by using technology.
As Diop's and Toncruz's stories unfold, the audience is introduced to Paul Hunter, a video blogger who shares his political conspiracy theories with his internet viewers, and Josephine, an artificial intelligence programmer.
This year's Maine International Film Festival to emphasize black filmmakers
Ken Eisen, the film festival's program director, said he wanted to feature the film at the festival after he saw it in February.
"I was blown away," Eisen said during a telephone interview Saturday. "We scheduled it a long time ago, and we knew we would feature it in a prominent way."
Eisen said the film is an ideal centerpiece feature.
"It's tremendously vital and intriguing and very open-ended," Eisen said. "And it's really exciting to screen a film that the audience can truly discover. I'm really excited for people to see it."
MIFF to screen features at Skowhegan Drive-In this summer
The film is scheduled to premiere Saturday, July 11, at 8:45 p.m., with the filmmakers in attendance.
Due to the coronavirus pandemic, this year's film festival, which runs from July 7 to 16, will be held at the Skowhegan Drive-In Theatre at 201 Waterville Road.
Normally, the festival, known as MIFF, is held at the 810-seat Waterville Opera House and at the three-screen Railroad Square Cinema, also in Waterville. The Skowhegan Drive-In Theatre can accommodate about 350 cars.
Parts of this year's film festival will also be available online for audiences to stream.
Organizers said this year's festival is being dedicated to the memory of George Floyd, the 46-year-old black man who died May 26 while in police custody in Minneapolis and to all people of color who have died due to racial violence.
Festival organizers said they are in the process of finding a charity that supports the training, development, production, funding and distribution of black films and filmmakers. Those who attend the film festival and others may donate online or at the box office.
MIFF is a project of the Maine Film Center, a Waterville-based nonprofit organization that seeks to educate and entertain through art and film. The center also operates Railroad Square Cinema.
Protesters in Brunswick vow to return until their voices are heard
Central Maine June 14 police log
BLM, coronavirus, film festival, maine film center, miff, waterville maine
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Painting can be an amazing pursuit, but can also be quite lonely. CAC now offers FREE Open Studio Space for its members. Imagine having three hours on Friday mornings to devote to your art - to paint/draw in the company of other artists in a casual, supportive setting. Music, coffee, and treats too! A safe place to share ideas, get suggestions for problem paintings, and share knowledge and techniques with others to enhance your work. Each session ends with a 45-minute group critique if you choose to participate. This group has been meeting informally for the past year, and is now expanding to CAC members. Feel free to drop in, or come on a regular basis. Just be sure to RSVP 24 hours in advance to reserve your art table. Limited to water media, pastels, colored pencils, charcoals, etc. (no oils due to ventilation.) Max of 10 adults. Some experience with your media is required, but all levels are invited. This is not a class, and there is no instructor. It is open studio time. Please write to info@corralesartscenter with any questions you have about joining the group.
Please RSVP each and every Friday that you wish to attend. Clicking the RSVP link will set up an email for you addressed to Tina Stallard. Please type in the Subject line "RSVP for Open Studio." If you are new to the group please type in your name and phone number in the body of the email.


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September 3, 2020 / Press Releases
NARAL Pro-Choice America Endorses Senator Chris Coons (D-DE) and Representative Lisa Blunt Rochester (D-DE)
For Immediate Release: September 3, 2020
Incumbent U.S. Senator and Representative Earn Endorsement from Nation's Leading Pro-Choice Advocacy Group to Represent Delaware in Congress
Washington, DC — Today NARAL Pro-Choice America announced its endorsement of incumbent Senator Chris Coons in the Delaware Democratic Primary and incumbent Representative Lisa Blunt Rochester in the November general election. Sen. Coons has served in the Senate since 2010 and has a 100% voting record from NARAL in the Congressional Record on Choice. Rep. Blunt Rochester has served as Delaware's at-large representative since 2017 and has earned a 100% from NARAL in the Congressional Record on Choice.
"Senator Coons has a proven record of fighting for Delaware women and families and championing their values in the Senate," said NARAL Pro-Choice America President llyse Hogue. "In the midst of Trump and the Republican Party's all-out assault on reproductive freedom, we need Senator Coons in the Senate to fight back against unyielding anti-choice attacks. We are proud to endorse Senator Coons and look forward to continuing our work together to protect and expand reproductive freedom."
"Representative Blunt Rochester is a champion for reproductive freedom who understands that every body must be free to make their own personal decisions about pregnancy without politicians interfering," said NARAL Pro-Choice America President llyse Hogue. "Throughout her time in office, Representative Blunt Rochester has proven her commitment to protecting abortion access and putting women and families first. NARAL is proud to endorse a fighter like Representative Blunt Rochester and ensure that she can continue to stand up for our fundamental freedoms in Congress."
"I am fully committed to protecting and expanding women's reproductive freedom," said Senator Chris Coons. "If we are to make good on our promise of 'a more perfect union', we must ensure that women have the right to control their own bodies and make their own health care decisions."
"I am proud to receive the endorsement of NARAL and stand on the side of women across this country to ensure they have control over their own bodies," said Congresswoman Lisa Blunt Rochester. "We must fight to secure reproductive freedom for everyone and continue to support working parents in guaranteeing paid family leave. I am happy to stand alongside an outstanding organization like NARAL in this fight."
During his time in elected office, Sen. Coons has pushed back against constant attacks on reproductive freedom, including by rejecting anti-choice judicial nominees like his recent vote against anti-choice judges Stephen McGlynn and David Dugan, and fighting against numerous attempts by Republicans to repeal the Affordable Care Act.
Rep. Rochester has fought tirelessly to protect and expand reproductive freedom during her time in the House of Representatives, voting against the Trump Administration's domestic gag rule and other anti-choice bills that threaten reproductive freedom.
NARAL Pro-Choice America and its network of state affiliates and chapters are dedicated to protecting and expanding reproductive freedom for all. For more than 50 years, NARAL has worked to guarantee that every woman has the right to make personal decisions regarding the full range of reproductive choices, including preventing unintended pregnancy, bearing healthy children, and choosing legal abortion. Since 1969, NARAL has made history, grown to over 2.5 million members, and met the moments that have defined this fight with action, power, and freedom. In recognition of its work defending our constitutional right to choose, Fortune Magazine described NARAL as "one of the top 10 advocacy groups in America."
NARAL Puts VP Pence and Sen. Thom Tillis on Blast for Visiting Anti-Choice, Anti-Science Fake Women's Health Center in North Carolina
NARAL Pro-Choice America Condemns U.S. Senators Joni Ernst and Kelly Loeffler for Joining Effort to Ban Medication Abortion Amid Pandemic


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Written by Carmen Fookes, BPharm on Feb 17, 2021.
Vitamin D has to be one of science's most misunderstood vitamins.
For a start, it is not actually a vitamin, but a prohormone, which means that it is converted into a hormone by our body. It is also not just one substance, but five different substances, of which two have been identified as being the most important to humans. These are:
Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol)
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol).
In addition, research has discovered that vitamin D is not only vital for calcium absorption and bone growth and remodeling, but several other important processes as well, such as modulating cell growth and immune system function.
Vitamin D acts on our bones, intestines, kidneys and parathyroid glands to keep calcium in balance throughout our body. Vitamin D receptors are also located within our cardiovascular system, lungs, pancreas, skeletal muscle, skin, and reproductive organs. In summary, vitamin D is a prohormone that is essential for good health.
Only 10% of the vitamin D our body needs is obtained from food. The rest is made by our bodies when our skin is exposed to sunlight.
What is the difference between vitamin D2 and D3?
Vitamin D2 and D3 are two important forms of vitamin D. D2 comes from plants and D3 comes from mainly animal sources or it is made by our bodies when our skin is exposed to sunlight. D3 is better absorbed and more potent than D2. Fortified milk or juice is more likely to contain D2 because it is cheaper to produce.
Vitamin D2, also called ergocalciferol, is found naturally in mushrooms that have been exposed to the sun. Mushrooms contain a yeast compound called ergosterol, which is converted to ergocalciferol on exposure to UV light. Maitake mushrooms are one of the best sources of vitamin D2 at 786 IU per cup, followed closely by portobello mushrooms (634 IU/cup). Chanterelle mushrooms contain a lot less D2 (114 IU/cup). Vitamin D2 derived from mushrooms is vegetarian/vegan-friendly.
Vitamin D2 supplements can also be made synthetically by irradiating fungus and plant matter that naturally contain ergosterol. Drisdol is another name for supplemental vitamin D2. Supplemental D2 is cheaper to produce than supplemental D3; however, it is not as effective at raising levels of vitamin D in the blood nor as stable as synthetic vitamin D3. Vitamin D2 still requires conversion in the body to become D3 active.
Vitamin D3 is made when cholesterol in our skin is exposed to sunlight and it is also contained in small amounts in some animal-sourced foods.
Our skin stores a specific type of cholesterol, called 7-dehydrocholesterol, which is converted to previtamin D3 on exposure to UVB (wavelength 270-300nm). Another process changes this into cholecalciferol before it undergoes activation in the liver and kidneys to become active vitamin D. Active vitamin D is called 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)D) or calcitriol.
The process of converting 7-dehydrocholesterol into active vitamin D3, although complex, is reasonably efficient and it has been estimated that only 10 minutes of summer sun on our hands and face is required to generate our daily requirement of 10 micrograms of vitamin D3.
Foods that naturally contain vitamin D3 include beef liver, cheese, cod liver oil, egg yolks, and fatty fish (such as mackerel, tuna, and salmon).
Supplements of vitamin D3 can be made by extracting cholesterol from lanolin derived from sheep wool, then subjecting it to a series of chemical reactions to yield 7-dehydrocholesterol. This is then irradiated to produce D3 (cholecalciferol). Supplements obtained from lanolin are not vegan-friendly; however, a D3 supplement extracted from lichen is vegan and vegetarian-friendly.
Vitamin D3 is more potent than D2 and binds to vitamin D receptors more effectively. It is also better absorbed and more easily converted into active D.
All forms of vitamin D2 and D3 obtained from our diet or from supplements require conversion in our liver and kidneys before being active in our body.
How do I know if I have vitamin D deficiency?
Vitamin D deficiency is measured with a blood test that measures 25(OH)D. This is the form of D3 that has undergone conversion by the liver; although it is still inactive and requires further conversion by the kidneys to active vitamin D3, 1,25(OH)D.
The reason 25(OH)D is measured is because it is the most stable form of D3. It is also the most abundant form and lasts several weeks in the body. It is a good representation of how much vitamin D has been obtained from both diet and sun exposure.
Conversely, 1,25(OH)D only lasts for a few hours in the body and levels are a thousand-fold less than those of 25(OH)D. Our body also has a way of increasing the production of active D3 by the kidneys during times of deficiency and insufficiency, so a blood test for 1,25(OH)D may appear normal or elevated even when your actual levels of vitamin D are low. However, in some disorders of calcium metabolism, the 1,25(OH)D test may be used.
25(OH)D levels will tell your doctor if you are deficient in vitamin D, borderline, sufficient, or vitamin D toxic.
See the flow chart above for an overview of the different forms of vitamin d.
How do I get vitamin D?
Our skin makes vitamin D when it is exposed to the sun. It can also be obtained from foods containing vitamin D, and D2/D3 supplements.
Sources of vitamin D2 include:
Vitamin D2 supplements (made from irradiated mushrooms and plant material)
Fortified foods containing D2 (eg, breakfast cereal, infant formula, margarine, orange juice, milk)
Exposing our skin to sunlight
Oily fish (eg, mackerel, salmon, tuna) and fish oil
Vitamin D3 supplements made using lanolin from sheep's wool
Vitamin D3 supplements made using lichen (vegan/vegetarian friendly)
Fortified foods containing D3 (eg, breakfast cereal, infant formula, margarines, orange juice, milk)
Since D2 is cheaper to produce, it's the most common form in fortified foods.
What is a low vitamin D level?
There is a bit of controversy regarding what is considered a low vitamin D level between different expert organizations. A vitamin D level measures levels of 25(OH)D in the blood (see the flowchart above for an overview of the different forms of vitamin d).
Most experts recommend:
Levels of 20-50 nanograms/milliliter (ng/ml) of 25(OH)D: Sufficient (good)
Levels of 12-19 ng/ml: Borderline
Levels of less than 12 ng/ml: Deficient (low)
However, not everybody agrees, and some organizations suggest different cut-off values.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) states:
Levels above 20 ng/ml: Sufficient
Levels below 20 ng/ml: Deficient
Note that several members of the IOM committee publicly stated that over screening for vitamin D deficiency was a problem which typically resulted in unnecessary treatment. They were not in agreement with a cut-off level of 20 ng/ml for deficiency and recommended a lower level of 12.5 ng/ml.
The Endocrine Society states:
Levels above 30 ng/ml: Sufficient; however, some assays are inaccurate and levels of 40-60 ng/ml better guarantee sufficiency
Levels of 21-29 ng/ml: Insufficient
Talk to your doctor about what he/she considers to be a low vitamin D level.
What is vitamin D deficiency?
Vitamin D deficiency is when levels of vitamin D in your body fall below those recommended as necessary to ensure all the processes in your body that rely on vitamin D can function properly.
Currently, there is controversy regarding what is the cut-off level for vitamin D deficiency with recommendations ranging from less than 20 ng/ml of 25(OH)D to less than 12 ng/ml of 25(OH)D.
Is vitamin D water soluble?
No, vitamin D is fat soluble. This means it is stored within our adipose (fat) tissue and small amounts can be mobilized if our daily intake temporarily falters. Other fat-soluble vitamins are vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin K. Because it is fat soluble, vitamin D toxicity can occur if too much is taken.
Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among obese people, because greater amounts of vitamin D are locked up in their adipose tissue (fat stores), rather than in the blood where it can be used. Obese people are also less likely to eat foods naturally high in vitamin D or expose their skin to sunlight.
How is vitamin D made by our body?
The synthesis of active vitamin D is quite complex but involves sunlight, a specific type of cholesterol present in our skin, and modification first by our liver and then our kidneys.
Within our skin is a type of cholesterol called 7-dehydrocholesterol. When UVB rays of the wavelength range 290 to 315nm touch 7-dehydrocholesterol, they convert it into previtamin D3. This is then converted into cholecalciferol so that it can be transported to our liver for hydroxylation into calcidiol [25(OH)D]. Further hydroxylation happens in the kidneys to make 1,25(OH)D (calcitriol) which is the active form of vitamin D3.
The whole process of converting 7-dehydrocholesterol into active D3 is quite efficient and it has been reported that it takes 10 minutes of summer sun on the hands and face to generate 10 micrograms of vitamin D3 which is considered the daily requirement.
How quickly can you make vitamin D from the sun?
Production of vitamin D via our skin is efficient and represents an easy, reliable way for most people to get enough vitamin D.
Of course, how long you need to stay in the sun for depends on your age, skin type and color, the season, and the time of the day; but for most people, 10 minutes of summer skin on exposed skin, without sunblock, is considered sufficient.
What causes low vitamin D?
Anything that interferes with the body's ability to make vitamin D through the skin, including liver or kidney disease, can cause deficiency. Malabsorption syndromes or a diet low in foods containing vitamin D can also lower vitamin D levels.
The following factors may interfere with our body's ability to make vitamin D:
Chronic illness or disability that prevents regular sun exposure
Living at latitudes above 37 degrees north or below 37 degrees south of the equator over winter, although this is controversial, and studies have shown only Caucasians show a correlation with low vitamin D levels and latitude.
Skin color: Individuals with a darker skin produce less vitamin D with the same amount of sunlight exposure than individuals with lighter skin color.
Age: Older people are less efficient at making D3 and less likely to go outside in the sun.
Religion or culture: People (especially women) whose beliefs require them to cover most of their skin and/or face usually do not receive adequate sunlight for their skin to make vitamin d.
Avoidance of the sun and use of sunscreen: Fears of skin cancer and skin aging mean people spend less time in the sun than in the past, although only 10 minutes of direct summer sun is necessary to make an adequate daily dose of vitamin D.
In addition, a poor intake of vitamin D through the diet may also contribute; however, studies have shown less than 10% of the vitamin D in our body is obtained through diet, so it is not considered a major contributing factor.
Other factors that increase the risk of vitamin D deficiency include:
Eating disorders (eg, anorexia nervosa)
Medical conditions that affect absorption of vitamin D from the diet (such as Celiac disease or pancreatic insufficiency)
Prolonged, exclusive breastfeeding or being born to a vitamin D deficient mother
Obesity (stores of vitamin D get locked up in adipose tissue)
Taking medications that affect vitamin D synthesis or degradation (such as carbamazepine, efavirenz, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, rifampin).
What are the symptoms of vitamin D deficiency?
Symptoms of vitamin D deficiency are initially vague, and most people do not realize they are deficient unless their doctor orders a blood test to test for vitamin D deficiency. Any symptoms reflect the fact that vitamin D impacts on your bone health, mood and immune system and may include:
Bone or back pain
Constant fatigue or tiredness
Frequent infections (such as colds or flu)
Low mood or depression
Osteoporosis (bone density scans show bone loss)
Poor oral health
Skin wounds that take a long time to heal.
If the deficiency continues unresolved, then more noticeable symptoms may occur, such as bone fractures, rickets, or osteomalacia.
Low blood levels of vitamin D have also been associated with:
An impairment in memory and thinking skills in older adults
Cancer (particularly colon cancer)
Cardiovascular disease, and an increased risk of dying from a stroke or a heart attack
Severe asthma in children.
Research also suggests vitamin D may help prevent or be helpful in the management of several other conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and multiple sclerosis.
What is Rickets?
Rickets is a bone condition characterized by the softening and weakening of bones in children. It is caused by a prolonged lack of vitamin D which affects the absorption of other minerals necessary for good bone health, such as calcium and phosphate. A softening of the bones in adults is called osteomalacia.
Rickets most commonly occurs in children aged between six months and 36 months. Although rare in the U.S., it is common in other parts of the world, such as regions of Asia where vegetarianism coupled with low daylight hours are prevalent.
Risk factors include being born to a vitamin D deficient mother, exclusive breastfeeding, poor nutrition, a lack of sun exposure, and malabsorption syndromes that prevent nutrient absorption. Children who are dark skinned and living in cloudy northern cities or those with cultural or religious beliefs that limit exposure to the sun are also more likely to develop the condition.
Symptoms of rickets in infants include:
A delay in the closure of the bones of the skull
Bead-like nodules where the bones of the rib cage join to cartilage (rachitic rosary)
Bowed legs and knock-knees from the ends of the long bones becoming enlarged
Chest deformity due to the pull on the diaphragm on the ribs
Delays in crawling, sitting, or walking
Poor sleep
Skull thinning or swelling
Tooth decay and poor tooth development.
In very severe cases, bone fractures, convulsions, muscle spasms, and mental retardation can also occur.
Rickets may also occur in nursing mothers who have a diet deficient in vitamin D. Symptoms may include muscle and bone aches and pains and joint swelling, tiredness, and hair loss.
Treatment includes vitamin D supplementation which is usually continued long-term, even once symptoms have resolved. In severe cases, intravenous calcium may also be given. Sometimes surgery may be required to correct bone and muscle distortions.
What does vitamin D do?
Most people know that vitamin D is good for calcium absorption and bone health, but vitamin D is also important for many other vital bodily processes.
A lack of vitamin D has been associated with:
Bone, back, or muscle pain
Constant fatigue and tiredness
Frequent infections (such as colds and flu)
Poor dental health
Severe asthma in children
Research also suggests low vitamin D may be a factor in several other conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and multiple sclerosis.
Who should be screened for vitamin D deficiency?
Most experts are against routine screening for vitamin D deficiency. This is because:
Vitamin D testing is considerably more expensive than supplements
No clear cut-off point for deficiency has been agreed upon
Routine screening can lead to overtreatment of perceived vitamin D deficiency.
Most experts recommend that babies, children, and adults who are at high risk of vitamin D deficiency should be prescribed supplements without testing for deficiency, even if they don't have any symptoms.
Testing may be appropriate in people who are suspected of having severe vitamin D deficiency. In these cases, blood levels of calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase; kidney function; and other tests should be investigated as well.
Vitamin D testing is appropriate for people with:
low calcium or phosphate levels or an unexplained increase in serum alkaline phosphatase
atypical osteoporosis
unexplained limb pain near a joint in older people
unusual fractures, unexplained bone pain, or other symptoms suggesting metabolic bone disease.
Some people may need a referral to a specialist if it is discovered that they have a metabolic bone disease rather than a simple vitamin D deficiency.
How much vitamin D should I take?
There is some controversy about whether people should take vitamin D as an oral supplement or just improve their level of sun exposure, while still staying sun safe.
An estimated 90% of vitamin D in our bodies is made when our skin is exposed to sunlight, which means our diet only contributes a small amount. However, there are certain groups of people, such as babies, young children, people with mental or physical disabilities, people with malabsorption syndromes, the elderly, and people who cover their skin for religious or cultural reasons that are at high risk of becoming vitamin D deficient.
The recommended daily intake of vitamin D is:
Aged birth to 1 year: 400 IU
Aged 1-70 years: 600 IU
Aged >70 years: 800 IU
The safe upper limit of vitamin D is 4,000 IU/day for adults. But even though dosages above this amount are not recommended, doctors may still prescribe them for people who are vitamin D deficient. The upper limit for children is 1000IU for infants up to 6 months; 2,500IU for toddlers up to 3 years; 3,000IU for children aged 4-8 years, and 4,000IU for those aged 9 years and older. Blood levels should be monitored when someone is taking high doses of vitamin D.
The Endocrine Society is an expert organization that recommends slightly higher daily intakes of vitamin D, and higher safe upper limits. This organization specifically deals with people at higher risk of deficiency, such as transplant recipients, chronic conditions that can cause malabsorption, or those taking medications that may threaten their bone health.
Guidelines do not currently differentiate between supplementation with different forms of vitamin D (such as D2 or D3).
How much vitamin D is too much?
Vitamin D toxicity is rare, but it can happen if you take too many supplements. You cannot get vitamin D toxicity from the sun or by eating foods that contain vitamin D.
Vitamin D toxicity is said to occur at blood levels above 150 ng/ml (375 nmol/L) of 25(OH)D. because vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, it may take several weeks for levels to come down, even after you stop taking supplements.
Vitamin D levels are linked with calcium absorption, so early symptoms of vitamin D toxicity are caused by too much calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) and include nausea, vomiting, constipation/diarrhea, weakness, or frequent urination. If levels are left too high for too long, bone pain, headaches, drowsiness, itching and calcium stones in the kidneys may occur. Very high levels may also lead to low levels of vitamin K2 in the blood, which can, ironically, cause bone loss of calcium. There are reports that excessive levels of vitamin D have caused kidney failure.
Vitamin D toxicity can be treated by stopping vitamin D supplements and restricting dietary calcium. Fluids and other medications, such as bisphosphonates may also be prescribed.
Research has shown that taking 40,000-60,000 IU of vitamin D per day for several months can lead to toxicity. But this is significantly more than the recommended safe upper dosage of vitamin D, which is 4,000 IU/day for adults. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for most adults is 600 IU of vitamin D a day.
Always talk to your doctor before taking vitamin and mineral supplements.
Is vitamin D vegan?
Vitamin D3 has historically been made from lanolin extracted from sheep wool, but recently, a vegan/vegetarian form has become available. This version is extracted from lichen (a type of plant usually found on rocks, walls, or trees) and it is called Vitashine. This product is also sugar, wheat, gluten, and dairy-free.
Vitamin D2 supplements, made by irradiating mushrooms, are also vegan/vegetarian-friendly.
Studies have shown that D3 increases blood levels of vitamin D more significantly than D2.
What foods have Vitamin D?
Only a few foods contain vitamin D. Vitamin D can be found in foods and supplements as either D2 or D3.
Food sources of vitamin D2 include:
Why is vitamin D added to milk?
Vitamin D was first added to milk in the U.S. in the late 1930s. Up until then, rickets was a common disease and rampant among poor children living in polluted and industrialized cities in the United States.
Rickets is a bone disease that causes bone and growth deformities, typically in young children. It was first recognized as a medical condition in 1650. Although cod liver oil had been used as a treatment for other ailments for some time, it wasn't prescribed for rickets until 1824. A landmark study in 1922 that showed that malnourished children with rickets could be cured by the addition of whole milk or cod-liver oil in their diet, paved the way for researchers to isolate active vitamin D in the 1930s.
Originally, the addition of vitamin D to milk was accomplished by irradiating milk or by feeding cows irradiated yeast. But in the 1940s this practice was replaced by the simpler and more effective method of adding vitamin D concentrate to milk, which continues today.
Vitamin D. National Institutes of Health. Office of Dietary Supplements. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/
Vitamin D supplementation: Navigating the debate. Best Practice Journal 2011:36 https://bpac.org.nz/BPJ/2011/june/vitamin-d.aspx
Vitamin D. Siemens Healthineers. https://www.healthcare.siemens.com/laboratory-diagnostics/assays-by-diseases-conditions/bone-metabolism-assays/vitamin-d/types-of-vitamin-d
Vitamin D. Hormone Health Network. The Endocrine Society. https://www.hormone.org/hormones-and-health/hormones/vitamin-d
Vitamin D sources for vegans and vegetarians. April 2018. Oldways. https://oldwayspt.org/blog/vitamin-d-sources-vegans-and-vegetarians
Lisa A Houghton, Reinhold Vieth; The case against ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) as a vitamin supplement, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 84, Issue 4, 1 October 2006, Pages 694–697, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/84.4.694
Tello M. Vitamin D. What's the right level? https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/vitamin-d-whats-right-level-2016121910893
Michael F. Holick, Neil C. Binkley, Heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari, Catherine M. Gordon, David A. Hanley, Robert P. Heaney, M. Hassan Murad, Connie M. Weaver; Evaluation, Treatment, and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 96, Issue 7, 1 July 2011, Pages 1911–1930, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-0385
Gröber U, Kisters K. Influence of drugs on vitamin D and calcium metabolism. Dermato-endocrinology. 2012;4(2):158-166. doi:10.4161/derm.20731.
Robien K, Oppeneer SJ, Kelly JA, Hamilton-Reeves JM. Drug-vitamin D interactions: A systematic review of the literature. Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2013;28(2):194-208. doi:10.1177/0884533612467824.
Balasubramanian S. Vitamin D deficiency in breastfed infants & the need for routine vitamin D supplementation. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2011;133(3):250-252.
Naeem Z. Vitamin D Deficiency- An Ignored Epidemic. International Journal of Health Sciences. 2010;4(1):V-VI.
Rickets, Vitamin D Deficiency. National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD). https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/rickets-vitamin-d-deficiency/
George Wolf; The Discovery of Vitamin D: The Contribution of Adolf Windaus, The Journal of Nutrition, Volume 134, Issue 6, 1 June 2004, Pages 1299–1302, https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/134.6.1299
Komaroff AL. How much vitamin D should I take? Harvard health Sept 2017. https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/how-much-vitamin-d-should-i-take
Alshahrani F, Aljohani N. Vitamin D: deficiency, sufficiency and toxicity. Nutrients. 2013;5(9):3605-16. Published 2013 Sep 13. doi:10.3390/nu5093605
More about cholecalciferol
Drug class: vitamins
Cholecalciferol Capsules and Tablets
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Cholecalciferol Drops
D3, D3-50, Delta D3, Bio-D-Mulsion, ... +4 more
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cholecalciferol, Vitamin D3, ergocalciferol, Drisdol, D3, Replesta, Enfamil D-Vi-Sol, D3-50
Too Little Vitamin D Could Raise Colon Cancer Risk in Black Women


Houshoukaku is an authentic Japanese-style hotel located on the hill of Shiroyama Park. It is the best place for sightseeing in the city.
Takayama Kanko Hotel is located in a secluded environment on the hill of Kitayama Park. From the rooms, you can see the mountains and at night, the city lights. The mountain view from the outdoor hot spring baths is also magnificent.
The ryokan is very close to Morning Market and Jinya in the center of Takayama. From the large bath on the 7th floor, the guests can enjoy seasonal views of the Northern Alps and Hida mountains. Kaiseki meals are available in their guest rooms.
Located close to World Heritage Site Shirakawago, Onyado Yui no Sh welcome the guests with their warmest hospitality.
Honjin Hiranoya Kachoan is an excellent Japanese style Ryokan in the old city Takayama. Facilities such as a tearoom, sushi bar, Japanese style restaurant, lounges and souvenir shops enhance the experience.
Takayama Green Hotel is a new type of resort hotel that combines the functionality of an urban hotel with the traditions of a Japanese Ryokan. The hotel features Japanese, French and Chinese restaurants and a bar.


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text:
Inside Tom Girardi's Secret Hospitalization
Jim Steinfeldt/Getty Images
By Vinney Wong/Dec. 15, 2020 3:31 pm EST
A month after The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills star Erika Jayne (formerly known as Erika Girardi) filed for divorce, new details have come to light about her now estranged husband's health, according to Us Weekly.
Jayne's estranged husband, Tom Girardi, has been absent from his court cases in recent months. The 81-year-old lawyer, who is in the midst of another settlement lawsuit with Lion Air, where he has been accused of embezzling at least $2 million in client funds that were due to the families of those killed in the crash of a Boeing jet in Indonesia in 2018 according to People, is said to have been dealing with undisclosed health issues.
In court documents obtained by Us Weekly, attorneys for Girardi said he was "unavailable in recent weeks due to a serious illness that caused him to be hospitalized for which he sought treatment" despite ongoing litigation with his fraud case. The documents further claimed that Girardi "couched everything" related to his case due to his illness in July, which caused him to be absent from his law firm.
Keith Griffin, who represents and works at Girardi's firm, also claimed that his client's hospitalization was the "mistake" that caused some families in the lawsuit to not be paid in full. This hospitalization is only the latest in a string of misfortunes for Girardi, however. Keep reading to find out more.
Tom Giraridi has had a tumultuous year
Jim Steinfeldt, Jerritt Clark/Getty Images
While details of his illness are being kept secret, one of Girardi's recently hired attorneys, Evan Jenness, told the judge that he did not prepare his client for the hearing despite Girardi's attendance over the phone, per the LA Times. Jenness also hinted that Girardi may be mentally incompetent to appear in court and has noted they wanted him to go through a mental examination. The judge also froze Girardi's assets.
Girardi's health struggles come at a tumultuous time and a fall from grace. When Bravo fans first met Girardi when his then-wife Jayne joined for season 6 in 2015, he was known as a high profile attorney. Fast forward five years, and Jayne has filed for divorce after 20 years of marriage and is currently seeking spousal support from him.
"After much consideration, I have decided to end my marriage to Tom Girardi," Jayne said in a statement on Nov. 3, 2020 (via USA Today). "This is not a step taken lightly or easily. I have great love and respect for Tom and for our years and the lives we built together. It is my absolute wish to proceed through this process with respect and with the privacy that both Tom and I deserve. I request others give us that privacy as well."
Although they were once married, Jayne has yet to publicly comment on her former husband's health struggles or court case. It seems that she meant it when she said she wanted privacy.


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text:
The Three Musketeers: Collection
0.0 0 5 Forfatter: Alexandre Dumas
This carefully crafted ebook: "THE THREE MUSKETEERS - Complete Collection: The Three Musketeers, Twenty Years After, The Vicomte of Bragelonne, Ten Years Later, Louise da la Valliere & The Man in the Iron Mask" is formatted for your eReader with a functional and detailed table of contents.
Set in 1625, "The Three Musketeers" recounts the adventures of a young man named d'Artagnan after he leaves home to travel to Paris, to join the Musketeers of the Guard. Although D'Artagnan is not able to join this elite corps immediately, he befriends the three most formidable musketeers of the age: Athos, Porthos and Aramis and gets involved in affairs of the state and court. Dumas frequently works into the plot various injustices, abuses and absurdities of the old regime, giving the story an additional political aspect at a time when the debate in France between republicans and monarchists was still fierce.
The novel Twenty Years After follows events in France during the Fronde, during the childhood reign of Louis XIV. The musketeers are valiant and just in their efforts to protect young Louis XIV and the doomed Charles I from their attackers.
The Vicomte de Bragelonne, Louise de la Vallière and The Man in the Iron Mask are set between 1660 and 1667 against the background of the transformation of Louis XIV from child monarch to Sun King.
Alexandre Dumas, père (1802-1870) was a French writer whose works have been translated into nearly 100 languages and he is one of the most widely read French authors. His most famous works are The Count of Monte Cristo and The Three Musketeers.
Forlag: MVP
Twilight of the Idols with The Antichrist and Ecce Homo
The Complete Fables (WSBLD Classics)
Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
Essays of Michel de Montaigne
The Complete Novels of Jack London
The Man in the Iron Mask
The Further Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
The Death of Ivan Ilych
Ann Veronica
The Birthday of the Infanta
Frankenstein (Golden Deer Classics)
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
Anderson's Fairy Tales
Swami Vivekananda: Complete Works
Wall Street Stories


Set on the edge of Runaway Bay, Lobster Shack is a quiet, relaxed spot to have a great gourmet seafood dinner.
As you might expect, lobster is the main event at the Lobster Shack. All lobster on the menu is obtained locally, and at times you can even watch as the fresh catch is brought in for the day. Poultry, meat, and even vegetarian dishes are also on the menu, and a specialized kids menu means that even the little ones can enjoy it here.
Lobster Shack is a bar and grill that offers Cajun and Caribbean cuisines, as well as hot dogs. Most guests consider the level of formality and service here to be very casual. This location is open for breakfast, dinner, brunch, and lunch, giving interested visitors a choice of times to visit.
Classic decor seems odd for a spot called the Lobster Shack, but set in a courtyard garden that is exactly the way you'd describe it.
This restaurant is on the premises of Runaway Beach, which can be found in Runaway Bay, a neighborhood close to downtown St. John's; it is 0.9 miles to the south west of Dickenson Bay.
This part of Antigua has plentiful attractions and activities, making it quite a vivacious town. Some of the closest options from their location include Caribbean Cinemas - Antigua Megaplex 8 and Fort James, both of which are just a quick trip away from Lobster Shack.
Many travelers are also drawn to the outdoor pursuits found about the area. Any golfing guests ready to take to the greens might wish to arrange an afternoon at the nearby popular golf club, Cedar Valley Golf Club, which is within traveling distance of Lobster Shack. Also, consider bringing the flip flops for Runaway Beach, which is the most nearby beach and is just a quick walk away. Also, those two attractions aren't the only options that exist for beaches, golf courses, and outdoor sports within the area.
For those looking for a restaurant that has some similar kinds of food or a similar atmosphere, there is no shortage of nearby dining spots to choose from, including Sandhaven. It's found a quarter mile from Lobster Shack.
However, if you want a change of pace, this section of Antigua boasts an impressive range of restaurant options that will satisfy nearly any type of diner. For instance, you can try the food offered by Conor's Sports Bar.
Lobster Shack accepts these credit cards: Master Card and Visa.
Lobster Shack is open from 8:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. on a daily basis.


Researchers just confirmed a theory originally proposed by Albert Einstein nearly a century ago, and it's something that even the famed physicist thought was impossible. A team of scientists led by Kailash Sahu has observed a gravitational phenomenon in which light from stars is bent as it makes its way past neighboring stars, and will publish their report in the journal Science on June 9th.
Einstein's idea -- that the gravitational pull of stars can actually manipulate light passing by from extreme distances -- is commonly called "gravitational microlensing." The famous scientist never actually observed the effect, and had no proof that it indeed existed, but his knowledge of the effects of gravity told him it was not only possible, but likely. In 1936, he wrote in Science that, because of the distance between stars, "there is no hope of observing this phenomenon directly."
Now, modern technology makes such an observation possible, and researchers have just confirmed that Einstein was indeed correct. That isn't to say there was any doubt -- examples of gravitation microlensing have been detected in space before, but never in this context, as Einstein predicted, and never studied and measured in this way.
"When a star in the foreground passes exactly between us and a background star, gravitational microlensing results in a perfectly circular ring of light -- a so-called 'Einstein ring.'" said Terry Oswalt, astronomer with Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and chair of the Department of Physical Sciences. "The ring and its brightening were too small to be measured, but its asymmetry caused the distant star to appear off-center from its true position," Oswalt says. "This part of Einstein's prediction is called 'astrometric lensing' and Sahu's team was the first to observe it in a star other than the Sun."
So what would Einstein think of this? "Einstein would be proud," Oswalt said. "One of his key predictions has passed a very rigorous observational test."


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STEP 1: Preheat oven to 180°C/160°C fan forced. Place frozen tart cases onto a baking tray lined with baking paper. Bake for 10-12 minutes until pastry is light golden. Set aside to completely cool.
STEP 2: Combine custard and fruche in a bowl. Evenly spoon mixture into cooled tart cases. Arrange strawberries on top.
STEP 3: Place apricot conserve in a small heatproof bowl. Microwave on high for 10-15 seconds until warm. Brush apricot conserve over strawberries and serve.