text:
Sheep Fancying
Compared to the chill of the Galician mountains, the west of Ireland has been unseasonably warm and dry. About time too – and perfect for the weekend Festival festivities.
I bet you are dying to know what happened on Sat & Sun [wot d'ya mean, no?], and I wish I could tell you. It wasn't just the Friday night introduction of Blur, it was the onset of exhaustion which put me out of action for a while. I just couldn't raise myself from the couch on Saturday evening, especially after Blackburn Rovers conceded yet another late equaliser.
Apparently you cannot play "live" music for 24 hours non-stop during a weekend festival. There has to be a minimum one hour's break, for some daft reason. So Friday officially ended at 6am – and Saturday's session started at 7am. Considering that Tony Marren led the opening musical ensemble at 10pm on Friday night, we must congratulate him that he also closed the Day 1 show only a few minutes past six o'clock the following morning. Then the musicians had a drink.
I was informed that Saturday saw a conveyor-belt load of renowned Irish trad music stars for the unplugged section of the festival. The tin whistles started dead on 7am, and rarely stopped during the next 24 hours. In fact, I'm told that some fiddling went on beyond the 6am Sunday morning curfew. It was gone seven o'clock when the last diddly-dee-er passed out. Hughie told me that he was very annoyed when he went down to the village on his tractor, a little earlier than normal, for his pre-Mass Sunday morning pint, only to find the Cock locked up. He said he could see about a dozen prostrate bodies through the frosted glass of the main bar-room window – but they were well out of it. No-one answered his desperate calls to "open the shop". He told me that it was nearly "chihuahuas!" before the first corpse returned to life. Lazarus gave him a pint of Guinness, and then went back to sleep on the bar top.
I had stopped in, recovering in front of the TV on Saturday evening. Good decision. A respectable Sligo family were on Family Fortunes up against some Dublin gangsters. Mincin' Alan's first tough question: "Name something you'd find in a newsagents?" The Sligo captain jumped straight in with "newspapers", and control of the board. Up Sligeach! Next Sligo family member says, "Fruit and veg." UH-OH!! It's not on the board. Now – that's not as stupid as it sounds. Every rural newsagents in Sligo sells fruit and veg. Our Tom in Killybacside sells tractor parts alongside the Irish Times … and local fruit and veg … and ear muffs. All the typical things you might need to get through the day.
The Sligo crowd were in the lead until Alan the Mincer threw in his usual cringe-worthy question: "Name something you sit on?" Our county representatives came up with chair, couch, stool, etc – but then got stuck. Over to the Dubs, who all delighted in taking their turn saying "Yer arse, yer arse, yer arse – Alan". The Sligo churchgoers were flummoxed.
Alan says, "Let's see if yer arse is on the board. Yes! It's there – on the bottom." Is this show scripted?
Fell asleep. Woke up bright and early Sunday, raring to go. Heard that some attractive black faced mountain breeds were descending into the valley. Old Uncle John wanted to see these too – but he thought they were going to be grown-up African babies. Some said that the beauty pageant was fixed. Young Odhran O'Connell's fleecy ram swept the board, winning some Worm Drench and a bag of nuts. Fingers were pointed at part-time farmer and local cab-driver, Paki Durkin – the chief judge. Was he got at, or just distracted? I reckon that our constant mobile phone calls to Paki from the bar, shouting "Where's me taxi?" in an assortment of accents, as he felt up the sheep in the car park just didn't help.
And then Con got his flute out …. and off we went again. Yee-hah.
"Rollin' in the hay, a-rollin' in the hay …"


text:
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Expired HEATT Act Information
On March 21, 2014, President Obama signed into law the "Home Heating Emergency Assistance Through Transportation Act of 2014" or "HHEATT Act." This law reactivates emergency exemptions that were issued or extended by FMCSA between February 5 and March 21, 2014, to provide regulatory relief for commercial motor vehicle operations directly supporting the delivery of propane and home heating fuels to areas under emergency. The declarations or extensions will remain in effect until May 31, 2014, unless terminated by FMCSA, in consultation with the governors of the applicable states. The act does not apply to intrastate motor carrier operations and only eligible interstate shipments may be covered by the exemption.
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Home Heating Emergency Assistance Through Transporation Act of 2014 (PDF)
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Rescission of Certain Emergency Exemptions
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12/5/14 Until 11:59 P.M., December 13, 2014, whichever is less.
Extension of Regional Emergency Declaration Issued by Eastern Service Center
Affected State: Maryland
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Affected State: Missouri
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Extension of Regional Emergency Declaration Issued by Midwestern Service Center
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Regional Emergency Declaration Issued by Midwestern Service Center
1/19/2014 In effect for the duration of the emergency or until 2/11/2014, whichever is less
Extension of Regional Emergency Declaration Issued by Southern Service Center
Affected States: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina and Tennessee
2/5/2014 In effect for the duration of the emergency or until 2/11/2014, whichever is less
Regional Emergency Declaration Issued by Southern Service Center
Extension of Regional Emergency Declaration Issued by Western Service Center
Affected State: South Dakota
Affected States: North Dakota and South Dakota
Regional Emergency Declaration Issued by Western Service Center
Alabama Governor Declares a State of Emergency to Waive the Hours of Service Regulations for Drivers for the Transport of Feed and Live Poultry 2/12/2014 2/23/2014
Alabama Governor Issues Emergency Declaration to Provide Regulatory Relief for CMV Operations Providing Direct Assistance Delivering Propane and Heating Fuels 1/23/2014 In effect until the threat to public safety and health ends and this Proclamation is terminated
Proclamation DR 14-28: Arkansas Governor Declares State of Emergency 04/28/2014 6/5/2014
Arkansas Governor Declares a State of Emergency Applying to Commercial Carriers Hauling Liquefied Petroleum Products 1/3/2014 1/17/2014, or until emergency conditions cease to exist, whichever is sooner
Colorado Governor Issues Emergency Declaration to Authorize Temporary Exception to Hours of Service Regulations for CMVs Used for Propane Transport 2/7/2014 3/7/2014 unless amended or terminated by executive order
Connecticut Commissioner of the Department of Motor Vehicles Grants a Limited Exemption from the Hours-of-Service Provisions 3/7/2014 3/15/2014 or sooner if terminated by the Commissioner
Connecticut Governor Proclaims a State of Civil Preparedness Emergency 2/13/2014 Unknown
Connecticut Provides Emergency Exemption from Hours of Service of Drivers 2/11/2014 3/1/2014
Emergency Exemption Issued for Connecticut from Hours of Service of Drivers 1/23/2014 2/11/2014 or sooner if terminated by the Commissioner
Delaware Approves Emergency Waiver Requested by Mid Atlantic Propane Gas Association Regarding Hours-of-Service Regulations and Intrastate Delivery of Heating Fuels 1/19/2014 1/22/2014
Executive Order 14-144 Emergency Management - Severe Weather and Flash Flooding
Limited to certain counties within the declaration as described.
Georgia Governor Issues Executive Order to Suspend Federal Rules and Regulations for Commercial Vehicle Operators 1/31/2014 2/14/2014
Georgia Governor Declares State of Emergency in Response to Winter Storms 1/28/2014 1/31/2014
Georgia Governor Issues Emergency Declaration for CMV Drivers Transporting Liquid Petroleum Gas 1/10/2014 1/17/2014 or upon conclusion of the emergency
Indiana Governor Declares a State of Emergency to Provide Relief from Hours of Service for Intrastate CMV Drivers Transporting Propane 2/28/2014 3/15/2014
Indiana Governor Extends Emergency Declaration for Motor Carriers and Drivers Transporting Propane 1/29/2014 3/1/2014
Iowa Governor Issues Emergency Declaration for CMV Drivers Transporting Propane 1/10/2014 1/28/2014
Iowa Governor Issues Emergency Declaration Due to Propane Shortage 12/19/2013 1/2/2014
Governor Branstad approves emergency proclamation allowing for more diesel transport 11/20/14 12/5/14
Kansas Governor Issues Executive Order for Motor Carriers Delivering Propane Directly Participating in Relief Efforts 1/14/2014 2/13/2014
Kansas Governor Issues Executive Order for Motor Carriers Delivering Propane and Participating in Relief Efforts 1/9/2014 1/14/2014
Emergency Declaration for Kentucky Provides Exemption from Hours of Service Regulations for Delivery and Transport of Agricultural and Feed Products 2/7/2014 2/28/2014
Emergency Declaration and Exemption of Hours-of-Service Regulations for Delivery of Propane Issued for Kentucky 1/8/2014 1/28/2014
Louisiana Governor Declares a State of Emergency Due to Extreme Cold Temperatures and Propane Shortage 1/22/2014 2/20/2014
Maine Governor Declares a State of Emergency to Aid Delivery of Heating Fuel and Bulk Petroleum Products 1/19/2014 2/8/2014
Maine Governor Extends Emergency Declaration Due to Arctic Cold Temperatures 12/13/2013 1/18/2014
Maryland Governor Declares a State of Emergency for Potential Impact from Impending Severe Storms and Significant Winter Weather 2/11/2014 Unknown
Maryland Department of Transportation Approves Waiver from Hours-of-Service Limitations for Mid Atlantic Propane Gas Association 1/16/2014 1/21/2014
Massachusetts Governor Declares an Emergency Pertaining to the Transportation of Propane Gas, Heating Oil and Diesel Fuel 1/8/2014 1/12/2014
Massachusetts Governor Declares an Emergency Pertaining to the Transportation of Propane Gas, Heating Oil and Diesel Fuel 1/2/2014 1/7/2014
Michigan Governor Issues Emergency Declaration for the Transportation of Propane and Heating Oil 1/10/2014 1/31/2014 or upon conclusion of the emergency
Michigan Governor Issues Emergency Declaration Due to Propane Shortage 12/20/2013 1/10/2014
Minnesota Governor Amends Executive Order to Extend Relief from Regulations to Motor Carriers and Drivers Operating Within the State
NOTE: The exemption above amends Executive Order 14-04.
2/7/2014 3/8/2014
Minnesota Governor Issues Executive Order to Extend Relief from Regulations to Motor Carriers Operating Within the State 2/6/2014 3/7/2014
Minnesota Executive Order Extended to Provide Relief from Regulations to Motor Carriers and Drivers Providing Emergency Assistance 1/8/2014 2/9/2014
Minnesota Governor Extends Executive Order for Motor Carriers and Drivers Transporting Fuel Oil, Gasoline, Diesel Fuel, Ethanol and Biodiesel 1/6/2014 2/7/2014
Minnesota Governor Issues Executive Order Due to Propane Shortage 12/9/2013 1/8/2014
Emergency Executive Order 14-17: Providing for Relief from Regulations to Motor Carriers and Drivers Operating in the State of Minnesota for Delivery of Propane 10/24/14 11/23/14
Extending Emergency Executive Order 14-16: Extending the Period Provided for Relief from Regulations to Motor Carriers and Drivers Opera ting in the State of Minnesota 10/31/14 11/30/14
Emergency Executive Order 14 - 16: Declaring an Emergency and Providing for Relief from Regulations to Motor Carriers and Drivers Operating in the State of Minnesota 10/4/14 11/2/14
Mississippi Governor Issues Emergency Declaration for Significant Winter Storm to Support Local Government Response and Recovery Efforts 1/28/2014 In effect until threat to public safety ceases to exist
Missouri's Department of Public Safety Issues Emergency Declaration to Provide Relief from Hours of Service for Intrastate CMV Drivers Providing Emergency Assistance 3/4/2014 3/10/2014
Missouri Emergency Declaration Extended in Response to Frigid Temperatures and High Demand for Propane 1/20/2014 1/26/2014
Emergency Declaration Issued for Missouri in Response to Frigid Temperatures and a High Demand for Propane 1/7/2014 1/13/2014
New Hampshire Governor Extends Emergency Waiver 12/27/2013 1/11/2014
New Jersey Governor Issues Emergency Declaration Pertaining to Delivery of Rock Salt 1/8/2014 2/8/2014
New Jersey Governor Issues Emergency Declaration Pertaining to Delivery of Propane and Heating Fuel 1/8/2014 1/31/2014
New Jersey Governor Declares a State of Emergency 1/2/2014 In effect until an emergency no longer exists
New Jersey Governor Issues Emergency Declaration Due to Propane Shortage 12/23/2013 1/11/2014
CASE 27647 - In the matter of motor carrier compliance with regulations pertaining to the safe operations of commercial motor vehicles by motor carriers and drivers, pursuant to 17 NYCRR 820.0 – 820.14.
11/18/14 12/17/14
New York Extends Waiver for the Hours-of-Service Regulations for Intrastate Transportation of Gasoline and Heating Fuel
NOTE: The exemption above amends Case-27647, which expired on 1/31/2014
12/18/2013 2/11/2014 unless otherwise ordered
New York Amends Hours-of-Service Regulations for Intrastate Transportation of Gasoline and Heating Fuel 12/18/2013 1/31/2014 unless otherwise ordered
Executive Order No. 50 - Declaration of a State of Emergency
North Carolina Governor Temporarily Suspends Motor Vehicle Regulations to Ensure Restoration of Utility Services 3/7/2014 3/22/2014 or the duration of the emergency, whichever is less
North Carolina Governor Temporarily Suspends Motor Vehicle Regulations for Restoration of Utility Services and the Transportation of Essentials 2/11/2014 3/12/2014 or the duration of the emergency, whichever is less
North Carolina Governor's Executive Order Temporarily Suspends Motor Vehicle Regulations to Ensure Adequate Fuel Supplies Throughout the State 1/15/2014 In effect for thirty days or the duration of the emergency, whichever is less
North Carolina Governor Temporarily Suspends Motor Vehicle Regulations to Ensure Restoration of Utility Services 2/5/2014 3/7/2014
North Carolina Governor Temporarily Suspends Motor Vehicle Regulations for Restoration of Utility Services and the Transportation of Essentials 1/7/2014 2/6/2014
Extension of State Declaration Provides Regulatory Relief for CMV's Delivering Highway Rock Salt and Snow/Ice Melting Materials in Ohio 2/14/2014 In effect for the duration of the emergency or until 3/1/2014, whichever is less
Ohio Provides Regulatory Relief from HOS for CMVs Transporting Road Salt and Related Materials for Commercial Delivery to Governmental Entities 1/24/2014 1/31/2014
Public Utilities Commission of Ohio Grants Regulatory Relief from Hours-of-Service Requirements for Intrastate CMV Drivers Transporting Motor Fuels, Heating Oil and Propane 1/17/2014 1/31/2014
Ohio Grants Regulatory Relief from Hours-of-Service Requirements for Intrastate CMV Drivers Transporting Motor Fuels, Heating Oil and Propane 1/6/2014 1/10/2014
PUCO Regulatory Relief Water for Fulton, Lucas and Wood Counties 8/2/14 8/9/14
Oklahoma Governor Amends Executive Order Pertaining to Propane Delivery
NOTE: The exemption above amends Executive Order 2014-01, which expired on 2/5/2014
Oklahoma Governor Issues Emergency Declaration Pertaining to Propane Delivery 1/6/2014 2/5/2014
Emergency Relief from Motor Carrier Safety Regulations 7/17/14 8/16/14
Pennsylvania Issues Exemption to Comply with Driver Hour of Service Limitations 2/14/2014 2/18/2014
Pennsylvania Governor Issues Emergency Declaration for the Transportation of Essential Supplies 2/3/2014 3/2/2014
Pennsylvania Issues Exemption for the Transportation of Salt for Roadway Surface Treatment Purposes 2/3/2014 3/2/2014
Pennsylvania Extends Waiver for the Transportation of Propane Gas and Heating Oil
NOTE: The exemption above amends Exemption 2014-01, which expired on 1/25/2014
Pennsylvania Governor Issues Emergency Declaration for the Transportation of Propane and Heating Oil 1/9/2014 1/25/2014
Rhode Island Governor Issues Proclamation for Commercial Carriers of Heating Oil and Propane Gas 1/3/2014 1/5/2014
President Obama Signs South Carolina Emergency Declaration 2/12/2014 Unknown
South Carolina Governor Issues Executive Order to Waive Truck Restrictions 2/11/2014 Unknown
South Carolina Governor Issues Emergency Declaration for Severe Winter Weather Impact 2/11/2014 Unknown
Governor Issues Emergency Declaration to Ensure Uninterrupted Supply of Residual Oils for Industrial Use 1/23/2014 2/21/2014
South Dakota Governor Issues Emergency Declaration for the Transportation of Propane and Heating Oil 1/8/2014 2/8/2014 or upon conclusion of the emergency
Governor Declares Extremely low inventories of propane, diesel, and gasoline Emergency Exemption Executive Order 2014-13
11/13/14 12/13/2014
Tennessee Governor Issues Emergency Declaration to Ensure the Uninterrupted Delivery of Feed and Chickens to the Poultry Industry (PDF) 2/19/2014 3/20/2014
Tennessee Governor Declares a State of Emergency to Ensure Uninterrupted Delivery of Home Heating Fuels (PDF) 1/21/2014 2/21/2014
Governor Perry Renews Proclamation Declaring Liquefied Petroleum Gas Emergency 2/4/2014 2/18/2014
State of Texas Waives Texas Licensing, Permitting, and Certification Requirements for Liquefied Petroleum Gas Trucks and Operators 1/22/2014 2/5/2014
Vermont Extends Emergency Declaration for Bulk Transport of Propane 1/13/2014 1/21/2014
Vermont Expands Emergency Declaration Pertaining to Delivery of Propane to Distributors, Homes and Businesses 12/20/2013 1/13/2014
Virginia Issues Limited Exemption of Hours of Service for Carriers Transporting Essential Relief Supplies 2/11/2014 3/1/2014
Virginia Governor Issues Emergency Declaration in Support of Emergency Relief Supplies Due to Severe Winter Weather 1/30/2014 3/1/2014
Virginia Waives Registration and License Requirements for Carriers Transporting Emergency Relief Supplies 1/30/2014 1/30/2014
West Virginia Governor Issues State of Emergency Due to Contaminated Water Supply 1/9/2014 Unknown
Governor Walker again extends hours for gas and diesel truck drivers 10/31/14 12/1/14
Wisconsin Governor Declares State of Emergency Due to Extreme Cold Temperatures and Propane Shortage 12/24/2013 1/22/2014
Last updated: Wednesday, December 18, 2019

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Patrick F. Clarkin, Ph.D.
biological anthropology, war & health, growth & development, being human
Guest Speaking
Why 'kevishere'?
May 6, 2015 by Patrick Clarkin
Sex Really Is Dangerous (and Other Adjectives)
"I maintain that sex is regarded as dangerous by the savage, that it is tabooed and ritualized, surrounded by moral and legal norms – not because of any superstition of primitive man, or emotional view of or instinct about strangeness, but for the simple reason that sex really is dangerous." – Bronislaw Malinowski, anthropologist (1928)
"Young or old, don't delude yourself. You don't have sex. Sex has you. Buckle up." – Dan Savage, author, giver of advice, Twitter friend (2013: 52)
"According to Irish folk belief, there are two ways of achieving certain salvation. The first is through a red martyrdom, or dying for one's faith in the tradition of the early Christians and the great missionary saints. The second path to sainthood, and the one chosen by most ordinary people, is the white martyrdom (ban-martra), a slow 'death to self' through acts of self-denial – fasting, penance – and, above all, a life characterized by sexual purity." – Nancy Scheper-Hughes, anthropologist (2001: 206)
"You can't just let nature run wild." – Walter Hickel, former Governor of Alaska (1992)
Quote #1 suggests that sex is potentially dangerous for all people, regardless of cultural background. Note that Malinowski's use of the word 'savage' was acceptable at the time. Today, it obviously isn't. (#2) However, despite that danger, sex is powerful and has a hold over people. (#3) They can assert control over sexual impulses, but to suppress them entirely is difficult enough to be considered equivalent to martyrdom. (#4) All societies need regulation, including for sexuality. (I took some license with this last quote, one of my favorites. The actual context was that Hickel was defending the state's controversial aerial wolf control program, apparently said without irony).
The young wife, Isakapu, put on her best jewelry and climbed to the top of a coconut tree near her village. From there she shouted down to her husband, Kabwaynaka, and to any other witnesses below that his accusations of adultery against her were false, and that she resented that he had beaten and insulted her out of jealousy a few days earlier. Kabwaynaka climbed up after her to bring her down, but before he could reach the top she jumped, throwing herself to her own death (Malinowski 1929: 120).
In Bronislaw Malinowski's classic ethnography The Sexual Lives of Savages, suicide in the Trobriand Islands was an acceptable means of escape from the shame of breaking various sexual taboos (even if the accusations were false). This was the case not only for adultery, but also for bestiality, or for having sex within the clan. Consuming the poisonous gallbladder of a pufferfish was one method for taking one's own life, but the option chosen by Isakapu, jumping from a tree (known as lo'u), was also common at the time. Malinowski wrote that while the sexual lives of Trobrianders might seem "easy and carnal" to an outsider, in reality they were often marked by "strong passions and complex sentiments" and sometimes filled with strife (p. 119-21).
A Harvest Scene in the Trobriands (Malinowski 1929, plate 57).
A look at the ethnographic record reveals that strong and complex emotions surrounding sex are not unique to the Trobianders, or to any single culture. Some historical narratives of human sexuality have wondered whether non-Western cultures, or perhaps our distant ancestors, have had a less stressful time with this part of life, placing the blame for any modern sexual malaise at the feet of various culprits. These include (1) religion, particularly the monotheistic Abrahamic faiths (Ray 2012); or (2) capitalism and 'the Protestant ethic,' with its emphasis on guilt, self-control, and the frustration of delayed marriage before sufficient resources could be accumulated (Albee 1977); or (3) agriculture, with its emphasis on fixed settlements, the accumulation of private property, and a more intense guarding of paternity and property rights (Ryan and Jethá 2010).
It's more likely that any grand narrative must overlook some complexity. While some customs and institutions may do different levels of harm or good, the idea that there was ever a perfectly well-adjusted era for human sexuality – some "wanton world without lament" – is probably what the biologist Marlene Zuk would call a 'paleo-fantasy' (Zuk 2013).
In his 'History of Sexuality,' Michel Foucault (1978) argued that many people have a vague notion that at some point in the past (he points to the beginning of the 17th century), sex in European societies was fairly open. However, in their minds, this was later surpassed by the repression of the 'imperial prudery' of the Victorian bourgeoisie (p. 3). Foucault's point wasn't that there was no repression in the Victorian era or in the more recent past. Rather, he noted that by framing our recent past and perhaps even the present as a time of repression, there is an unspoken subtext, a pining for an alternate future more in line with some idyllic past:
"Something that smacks of revolt, of promised freedom, of the coming age of a different law, slips easily into this discourse of sexual oppression. Some of the ancient functions of prophecy are reactivated therein. Tomorrow sex will be good again." (p. 7).
But what if that idyllic past never existed? Marjorie Shostak noted that among the !Kung San foragers of Botswana (and who were not Victorians, agriculturalists, monotheists, or capitalists): "Sex is also recognized as tapping some of the most intense and potentially explosive of human emotions" (1981: 238). This particular passage was focused on extramarital affairs, which Shostak affirmed could be "outright dangerous," sometimes leading to violence and even homicide. But explosive emotions were not limited to adultery; many other parts of her book revealed instances where sexual rejection, dissolved relationships, heartache, spousal abuse, or jealousy reared their heads.
Similarly, in a cross-cultural look at how people manage romantic love, companionate love, and sexual desire across various societies, William Jankowiak and Thomas Paladino (2008: 27) noted that these are "three of the more powerful human sentiments," but also that they are not always in alignment with each other. This occasional disharmony, along with their potential for emotional volatility, necessitates regulation. To that point, Warren Johansson (1990) wrote that:
"In truth, all cultures regulate sexual behavior in one way or another. No human society allows its members, whatever their age, sex, or social status, to interact sexually with one another without restriction."
Sex Ambivalence: Between Positive and Negative
But how much regulation is the 'right' amount? And, who makes the rules? How each society views sexual behavior is a perennial question revisited by each generation, which continually inherits and reinterprets norms surrounding acceptable sexual behavior. In August 2012, a Moroccan newspaper editor, Moktar el-Ghzioui, argued on local television that pre-marital sex should no longer be illegal. He was later supported by a professor of sociology in Rabat, who stated that young Moroccan adults should have the right to sex, even if they are not married. On the other side, an imam in Casablanca worried that "If the code (that prohibits any sex outside of marriage) is removed, we will become wild savages. Our society will become a disaster."
The point here is not to say who's correct about whether sex outside of marriage is a 'right' or a 'potential disaster,' for Morocco or for any country. Rather, what this example encapsulates is that, first, all people recognize a duality to sex, and second, that there is a wide range of attitudes on the subject. Rather than being entirely 'sex positive' or 'sex negative,' most societies, and most individuals, are to some degree sex ambivalent. For example, Dan Savage (not exactly a promoter of sex negativity), once said, "I don't believe all sexual expression is good. Sex is powerful, and you must approach it thoughtfully, because it can destroy you… (via) sexually transmitted infections, unplanned pregnancy, partner violence."
That dualism can be found in a wide range of sources. As one Haredi rabbi in the U.S. put it, sex is comparable to "nuclear energy" – it can bring disaster, or it can "connect a couple to God and beckon 'transcendent experience,'" provided that it is carefully regulated. Among the Kaguru agriculturalists of Tanzania, sex is said to create 'heat (moto).' It might not be nuclear hot, but sex is compared to fire because they both have both positive, generative qualities (cooking, reproduction), but also potentially negative, disruptive ones (destruction of property, emotionally distracting). For the Kaguru, sex is powerful enough that it is compartmentalized, and considered as if one was stepping outside of everyday life. After sex, ritualistic cleansing is needed to return to normalcy.
"Sexual relations are said to be hot because they are potentially disruptive, especially if they befuddle or distract from these other doings (such as preparing food, or other important rituals). Sex is so powerful because it obscures other activities. Like fire or pain, it prevails over a multitude of cultural fabrications. After copulation the actors must be cooled (kuhoswa) through washing. In the case of prohibited sex acts, this cooling also involves cleansing rituals. The tenor of ordinary, quotidian existence is antipathetic to blatant sexual behavior, for the proper order of everyday life is repeatedly described as cool (mheho)." (Beidelman, 1997: 128-9)
In short, sex is powerful, and as Malinowski wrote, it can be dangerous. But it is not only that.
Across all societies, people have recognized these two sides to human sexuality – the good and the bad – emphasizing one over the other. The ethnographic record shows that, on one hand, people portray sex as a potential source of intimacy, love, pleasure, self-esteem, connection, a means of acquiring resources, and of course reproduction. On the other, sex also has the potential to lead to shame, tension, rejection, dishonor, frustration, jealousy, and even violence. Sex is a mixed bag of emotions, which depend on circumstances. To only focus on the good or the bad ones is to oversimplify things.
A mixed bag of emotions.
As a potentially high-risk, high-reward activity, societies have generally responded to sex somewhere between two extremes: obeyed, explored, enjoyed, and celebrated. Or tamed, sublimated, repressed, and denigrated. Even in a single society, both are possible at different times.
This past Valentine's Day in East Java, Al Jazeera reported that police confiscated chocolates, beer, and condoms, out of fear they might lead to "free" extramarital sex. On the other hand, surveys revealed that premarital sex in Indonesia was fairly common. Also on East Java, thousands of people (including those who consider themselves devout Muslims) make a pilgrimage each year to Mount Kemukus, also known as "Sex Mountain," to have sex with strangers – a ritual thought to bring good fortune (Utomo 1999).
The Collective Thermostat
Lisa Simpson's libido, one of her internal voices, along with jealousy, honesty, and conscience. The point is half-serious, half in jest, that libido is a powerful voice that is sometimes at odds with other parts of ourselves (from the episode "Diatribe of a Mad Housewife.")
Across cultures, people attempt to build consensus in order to find some happy middle ground, or at least an uneasy truce. From nomadic hunter-gatherers to industrialized urbanites, people set their collective thermostat somewhere between two endpoints of prudery and licentiousness. However, as in any office or home, the individuals within each culture may vary as to where they think the thermostat should be set, and cultures can shift over time as people challenge the established norms. Some prefer things a bit cooler, but some like it hot.
Some individuals will be more content with the consensus than others. In the words of cultural anthropologist Thomas Beidelman, "No culture reflects an entirely happy view of sex for everyone in it" (personal communication). Similarly, William Jankowiak wrote that "failure to integrate sex and love is the name of the game…to some degree dissatisfaction is everywhere: its dissonance sounds in all spheres of culture" (Jankowiak and Paladino 2008: 2). In sum, he said, "No culture ever gets it right."
Jankowiak's point wasn't that we lost our way from some forgotten utopia that at one point had "gotten it right." Instead, I think he was arguing that the tensions are perennial, and human emotions and desires are messy and ever-changing.
Is Sex a Luxury or a Need?
An essential question is why is that sex can be potentially dangerous. I don't think there is a single answer to this – context is essential. For those who promote an 'abstinence-only' approach to sexual education, the most commonly cited pitfalls of sexual activity are unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (Santelli et al 2006). However, others such as Malinowski emphasized the emotional side, including jealousy, shame, rejection, frustration, runaway desire, and unwanted romantic attachments. Therefore, at least one of the reasons societies regulate sexual behaviors is to try to maintain social order by curtailing emotional volatility and erratic behavior.
But who are the targets of control? Describing her own experience with taking a pledge of abstinence before even reaching puberty, Samantha Pugsley wrote "I'm now thoroughly convinced that the entire concept of virginity is used to control female sexuality." On the other hand, Joseph Henrich and colleagues (2012) argued that the spread of monogamous marriage around the globe had the effect of reducing male-male competition and reducing the number of unmarried men. In turn, they wrote, fewer unattached bachelors is correlated with lower crime rates, including rape, murder, assault, and theft. Their bottom line was that by accepting normative monogamy, wealthier men traded off the potential for having multiple wives, but gained the opportunity to live in a more stable society in part fostered by having fewer aimless male bachelors around.
This is hardly a complete history, but the larger lesson is that at different times and for different reasons, both men and women have been pressured to limit sexual behavior to within certain boundaries, often – but not always – within the context of marriage.
Lust drags you down to hell. A billboard seen in Massachusetts in 2014.
To what extent sexual desire and behavior needs controlling depends in part on how it is viewed. Is it a 'right,' a need, a luxury, a drive, overrated, a sin and a path to Hell, or "a gift from the gods" (according to the !Kung San)?
In a legal case that got a lot of attention last year, the attorney David Boyle, argued that his client Hobby Lobby should not have to subsidize contraception for its employees. To bolster his case, he described sex as not a need but as an optional luxury, a voluntary 'want':
contraceptives may be considered no true necessity under certain circumstances, since sexual relations are basically a voluntary activity. If sexual relations were a true human need like breathing or food, then Mother Teresa, the Dalai Lama, and many of the popes, would have all dropped dead within a few weeks (or days) of becoming celibate. But they didn't, since sex is only a human want (like bowling or stamp collecting), not an actual need. So sex is merely optional—a sort of luxury good, especially when not making any babies, and contraception is meant to prevent babies—, and can be treated as such, at least for the sake of forcing other people to subsidize it (or subsidize related matters like contraception) besides the ones who are actually having sex. Link
Analogies almost always fall short when comparing one thing to another, but I cannot help but snicker at equating sex to bowling or stamp collecting (it's not like that at all). It's also ironic that an attorney for a business called Hobby Lobby essentially described non-procreative sex as an unnecessary hobby. Still, we can take these arguments with a grain of salt because legal arguments are not scientific ones, but are designed to persuade.
But the argument is still instructive. He is correct that religious figures did not drop dead soon after taking vows of celibacy. However, it's also true that Gandhi (who he didn't mention) described his own struggles with vows of celibacy. And I'm not sure that "it didn't kill them" is the best way to define what constitutes a legitimate need. Quality of life also counts, not just years alive. After all, you won't die – at least not right away – if you quit exercising, or stop talking to other human beings, or lose all your money, but we still consider those things to be legitimate needs. In fact, just as an aside, having strong social relationships among the elderly is one of the best predictors of their longevity (Holt-Lunstad et al. 2010). So friendship might not be the same type of need as food, drink, or oxygen, but it seems safe to call it a need nonetheless.
Anyway, I may be sorry that I opened this can of worms about whether sex is more of a need or a luxury, but the examples are compelling. Perhaps the one thing we can be certain about is that opinions vary widely. There is also lots of individual variation in sexual desire and behavior by gender, culture, age, or simply because all individuals are unique. Therefore, it is inevitable that sex will mean different things to different people. While we can certainly find patterns, variation is essential in biology, which is why it is known as the science of exceptions. Trying to describe the human sex drive is like trying to explain the human hair style. One size does not fit all.
Variation.
At one end, there are asexual adults, who have no sexual attraction to other people and no sexual fantasies, but they seem to suffer no distress from this (Brotto et al. 2015). At the other end is Dennis Hopper's character in Blue Velvet who wanted to "fuck anything that moves." (That's the first time I've ever used the f-bomb on this blog. Sorry. I held out as long as I could).
This is an old debate. In his book "Lucretius on Love and Sex," Robert Brown (1987: 108-11) summarized the views of several ancient philosophers (all men). Hobby Lobby might be dismayed to learn that Aristotle considered sex akin to eating or drinking. To Porphyry of Tyre, sex was more of a luxury, comparing it to eating meat or drinking foreign wine. Lucretius felt that Venus (i.e., passion) was "the epitome of pleasure," but it was also a desire that could be "easily dispelled."
Epicurus had a more nuanced view. Sexual desire was "natural but unnecessary," exaggerated in importance, but "worth pursuing in the right circumstances." However, sex was also potentially dangerous for the young and unmarried, physically, socially, and psychologically, such as when it became an irrational craving. Occasionally, sex can "(ruin) everything through stinging desires."
According to Brown, Epicurus and Lucretius were not against passion per se, but what they objected to was an "obsessive focusing of desire on one person, which we call falling in love." That type of passionate desire was "intrinsically unsettling and destructive." In other words, sex and love require prudence.
I can cite people with various perspectives, and as interesting as they are, I don't think they'll bring us much closer to any resolution. As the saying goes, the plural of 'anecdotes' is not 'data.' But I want to return to one last quote – the one from Nancy Scheper-Hughes (2001) at the top of this essay – because I think it's instructive. She wrote that in traditional Irish folk belief, including in her own field research in rural Ireland in the 1970s, there were two possible roads to eternal salvation. The first was a red martyrdom by dying for the faith, while the other was a white martyrdom of self-denial via fasting, penance, and – above all – sexual purity.
I think it is revealing that in this period of Irish history, a person could achieve martyrdom by sacrificing either their life, their health, or their sexuality. It's rather clear that sexual purity could only be considered a path to martyrdom if self-denial was difficult. After all, one does not earn martyrdom from doing something easy, like giving up licorice or watching parades. This strongly suggests that sex is not merely a luxury.
Furthermore, Scheper-Hughes argued that the high rate of schizophrenia in rural Ireland in the 1970s was correlated with celibacy and a lack of sexual and emotional intimacy. In her endnotes, Scheper-Hughes cautioned that "I do not suggest that celibacy necessarily causes schizophrenia" (2001: 353), but at the time over 90% of schizophrenic patients in Ireland were unmarried.
Of course, correlation is not causation. In her opinion, the pressures of a strict, Jansenist Catholic tradition on restraint and sexual repression, combined with shifting economic trends that made finding a spouse more difficult, took their toll on many Irish. Her suggestion was that these factors played some role in many social problems, including alcoholism, shame, marital desertion, depression, and possibly schizophrenia. So, if sex is sometimes dangerous, then so may be its absence.
In a recent, large study of more than 34,000 U.S. adults over age 40 (Chou et al 2014), the prevalence of lifetime abstinence from sexual intercourse was relatively low (0.88 % for males; 1.00 % for females), demonstrating that most people consider sex a worthwhile pursuit at least once in their lives. Lifetime abstinence was associated with lower history of substance use/abuse (alcohol, nicotine, other narcotics), but was also correlated with obesity, any lifetime diagnosis of avoidant or dependent personality disorders, and dysthymic disorder (chronic depression).
Again, correlation is not causation. It's certainly plausible that something like chronic depression could impair one's ability to find a sex partner, or even want to find one. But it's just as plausible that being unlucky in sex and love could lead to chronic depression. If we know that social rejection is often a painful experience (Lieberman 2013), then it is not too difficult to understand why constant sexual rejection – given its level of intimacy – would also be painful. The journalist Michael Castleman wrote that for many older adults who have never had sex with a partner, "It's a world of shame and isolation, a world where people feel seriously stuck, handicapped, and not part of the adult world."
Of course, this depends on the individual. Sexual abstinence need not be automatically distressing. Upon turning 80, Gloria Steinem said that her fading libido was actually liberating in the sense that "the brain cells that used to be obsessed are now free for all kinds of great things." In Guangdong, China one option for young women of poorer families was to become zishunü ('self-combed'), which required a vow of celibacy. This brought economic benefits to her parents, and her devotion and virginal status brought honor to her and her family (Ye 2008). The tradition mostly expired by the 1940s, but in Ye's interviews with older zishunü they expressed few regrets, adding that chastity was better than a bad marriage. One woman stated: "It's still hard to find a good man. If a man is poor, his wife will have to struggle; if a man is rich, he may take a mistress."
Several popular media stories have been written about "herbivore men" in Japan, referring to the trend of young adult males challenging traditional Japanese ideas of heterosexual masculinity by opting out of sexual and romantic relationships. A 2010 government survey found that roughly one-third of males aged 16 to 19 surveyed described themselves as "indifferent or averse" to sex. For women of the same age group, the figure was 59%, so this pattern is not limited to males. However, academic studies are hard to find, and popular media accounts are often sensationalistic, focusing on how a disinterest in sex in young people could exacerbate the low fertility rates and the 'demographic crisis' in Japan. In these reports, young women and older people alternate between criticizing herbivore men for their passiveness and lack of romantic (and economic) ambition, while others praise them for their sensitivity.
Attitudes among young Japanese adults surely vary, with some "herbivore men" unhappy with economic and social pressures placed on them. Others seem content to follow their own path, with one 22 year-old man saying, "We don't care at all what people think about how we live." Osaka University Professor of philosophy Masahiro Morioka felt that, ultimately, the trend could be positive, as Japan embraces greater diversity in standards of adulthood. He added that "Men should diversify," he said. "It's good for both men and the society if more men are freed from fixed values."
Sex and Happiness
There is no single way to be human. This is also true for sex and love. For some people, an absence of sex poses no problem. For others, it can be extremely distressing. If suffering stems from attachment to desires (said the Buddha), then an absence of desire should alleviate suffering. But quashing desire entirely seems like a superhuman achievement if it can earn a person martyrdom status, at least in Ireland.
As is probably true of most things, the danger lies at the extremes, for either excessive licentiousness or repression. All things in moderation. But most people don't live in the extremes of zero sex over a lifetime or fucking anything that moves (a la Dennis Hopper), and the middle is fuzzier.
There is good evidence that sexual satisfaction and relationship satisfaction are correlated with each other, but how to quantify satisfaction is not so straightforward. A recently published paper from China with the simple title of "Sex and happiness" confirmed this relationship (Cheng and Smyth 2015). In their sample of 3,800 heterosexual, partnered adults (avg. 37.8 years old), those who had higher frequency of sex, and better quality of sex (estimated by emotional and physical satisfaction with one's partner) were happier overall.
The opposite was also true: people who had sex less frequently were less happy. Those who had sex with their partners on a daily basis (only 1.8% of the sample) were the happiest, followed by those with a frequency of 3-6 times a week, then 1-2 times a week (this was the most common response at 42%), then 2-3 times a month. The lowest happiness scores were for those who said they had sex once or less per month.
There were some gendered differences. Women who had lower frequency of sex had lower self-reported happiness, but the drop-off in happiness was much steeper for men. For example, compared to those who had sex daily, men who had sex once or less a month lost 0.26 happiness 'points' (on a 4-point scale), while women lost 0.13 points. The difference was only statistically significant for men.
This is not trivial. Sex may not be a need on par with food or water, but it doesn't seem to be a mere luxury either. It is in its own category, given its association with happiness. Overall, both Chinese men and women who said they had "just the right frequency" of sex were happiest compared to those who felt their frequency was too high or low. However, what the "right" amount will be is hard to say, and this will vary by person.
I want to tread carefully here (but it may be too late for that). Averages matter, and they don't. They matter in the sense that it looks like the average man and the average woman will, on average, differ in what frequency of sex will make them happy. On the other hand, they also don't matter because individuals are not averages. Whether gay, straight, or bi-sexual, there are high-libido women and low-libido men, and everything in between. In a completely unrelated story in Salon, one woman in sexless marriage wrote, achingly, that:
"I feel … like I die more everyday. I have so much love and real passion to give and it's not wanted, appreciated, or returned. …The man that loved me is dead. He is like a zombie."
So, in terms of happiness, what matters more than averages – at least in partnered relationships – is compatibility between mates, negotiation and compromise.
Finally, one interesting finding from the Cheng and Smyth study was that people who had just one sexual partner were the happiest, but this trend was stronger for women. Overall, 17.7% of men and 5.3% of women reported having extramarital sex. Women who had sex outside of marriage lost 0.26 happiness points, while men lost only 0.08 points. Both drop-offs were statistically significant. So there is danger here too – sexual frequency is related to happiness, but having sex outside of marriage may also cost some happiness, but this probably depends on circumstances, marital quality, social expectations, individual temperament, etc. So, it's complicated.
William Jankowiak and Laura Mixson (2008) conducted an ethnographic study on American swingers in Las Vegas. Participants had spousal permission and encouragement to pursue sexual novelty, which makes swinging a form of ethical nonmonogamy. They noted that "the swingers' dilemma arises from trying to serve often-competing desires: erotic satisfaction through pursuing sexual variety, and emotional fulfillment through pair-bond exclusivity." To maintain the specialness of the primary bond, Jankowiak and Mixson argued that couples 'ritualized' extramarital sex to keep it in a separate sphere of activity, such as through explicitly describing swinging as "fun and exciting," but "sex without a heart," while simultaneously reminding themselves of "anchor memories" about the origins of their primary relationship.
The problem – or the danger – was that maintaining distance was not always possible. Of the 80 swingers they surveyed, 20 (25%) acknowledged that swinging had threatened their marriage because their spouse had become overly interested in one specific swinging partner. One woman "burst into tears" after seeing her husband linger too long in bed with another woman after having sex. For her jealousy was not sexual, but fear of her husband forming an emotional bond (falling in love). On the other hand, 75% reported there was no threat to their relationship, so – again – variation is important.
Sex is a mixed bag of powerful, potentially dangerous, emotions. At the extremes, there is the potential for danger via jealousy, rejection, or depression. But as Marnie Goldenberg reminded: "When we focus on what's troubling about sexuality, we're missing all the good things. It's a little like telling young people about world travel, by reinforcing that they need to be wary of pickpockets and thieves." Sex is also linked with happiness, but it is not quite a need in the same sense that food is. Nor is sex merely a luxury, if its absence is often distressing. Rather, it is in its own category. Finally, societies have come up with different formulas to regulate the individual variation in sexual desires and behaviors, all of which come with trade-offs.
Albee GW. 1977. The Protestant ethic, sex, and psychotherapy. American Psychologist, Vol 32(2): 150-161. Link
Beidelman TO. 1997. The Cool Knife: Imagery of Gender, Sexuality, and Moral Education in Kaguru Initiation Ritual. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. Link
Brotto LA, Yule MA, and Gorzalka BB. 2015. Asexuality: An extreme variant of sexual desire disorder? J Sex Med 2015;12:646–660. Link
Brown RD. 1987. Lucretius on Love and Sex: A Commentary on De Rerum Natura IV, 1030-1287 with Prolegomena, Text, and Translation. New York EJ Brill. Link
Chou KL, Ng IS, Yu KM. 2014. Lifetime abstention of sexual intercourse and health in middle-aged and older adults: Results from wave 2 of the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. Archives of Sexual Behavior 43(5): 891-900. Link
Foucault M. 1978. The History of Sexuality Volume 1: An Introduction. London: Allen Lane. Link
Henrich J, Boyd R, Richerson PJ. 2012. The puzzle of monogamous marriage. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 367(1589), 657-669. Link
Holt-Lunstad J, Smith TB, Layton JB. Social relationships and mortality risk: a meta-analytic review. PLoS Med. 2010 Jul 27;7(7):e1000316. Link
Jankowiak WR, Paladino T. 2008. Desiring sex, longing for love. In W Jankowiak (ed): Intimacies: Love & Sex Across Cultures. Pp. 1-36. Columbia Univ Press. Link
Jankowiak W and Mixon L. 2008. I have his heart, swinging is just sex. In W Jankowiak (ed): Intimacies: Love & Sex Across Cultures. Pp. 245-266. Columbia Univ Press. Link
Johansson W. 1990. Sex negative, sex positive. In: Dynes WR (ed). Encyclopedia of Homosexuality. New York: Garland. p 1182–3. Link
Lieberman M. 2013. Social: Why Our Brains Are Wired to Connect. Crown. Link
Malinowski B. 1928. Book review. Nature 121:3039: 126-30. Link
Malinowski B. 1929. The Sexual Lives of Savages in North-western Melanesia: an Ethnographic Account of Courtship, Marriage and Family Life among the Natives of the Trobriand Islands, British New Guinea. New York: Halcyon House. Link
Ray D. 2012. Sex & God: How Religion Distorts Sexuality. IPC Press. Link
Ryan C, Jethá C. 2010. Sex at Dawn: The Prehistoric Origins of Modern Sexuality. Harper. Link
Santelli J, Ott MA, Lyon M, Rogers J, Summers D, Schleifer R. 2006. Abstinence and abstinence-only education: a review of US policies and programs. Journal of Adolescent Health, 38(1), 72-81. Link
Savage D. 2013. American Savage: Insights, Slights, and Fights on Faith, Sex, Love, and Politics. Link
Scheper-Hughes N. 2001. Saints, Scholars, and Schizophrenics: Mental Illness in Rural Ireland, Twentieth Anniversary Edition. University of California Press. Link
Shostak M. 2000. Nisa: The Life and Words of a !Kung Woman. Harvard. Link
Utomo ID. 1999. Sexuality and relationships between the sexes in Indonesia: a historical perspective. Prepared for the European Population Conference The Hague, The Netherlands, 30 August-3 September. Session J4: Historical demography. Link
Ye Z . 2008. Zishu nü (自梳女): Dutiful daughters of the Guangdong Delta. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific. Issue 17, July. Link
Zuk M. 2013. Paleofantasy: What Evolution Really Tells Us about Sex, Diet, and How We Live. Norton: New York. Link
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10 thoughts on "Sex Really Is Dangerous (and Other Adjectives)"
Patrick Clarkin | May 6, 2015 at 4:19 pm
TL;DR. I know.
Matthew Timothy Bradley | May 6, 2015 at 9:21 pm
I saw one of those "Lust Drags You Down Into Hell" billboards (first one I have ever seen) as I was traveling on I-77 in Ohio this afternoon. It was directly below a USMC recruiting billboard. I couldn't even.
Patrick Clarkin | May 8, 2015 at 6:47 am
The billboard here made it to a local newspaper. A columnist named Mark Patinkin called their phone number and said they were quite polite and concerned for him.
Robert Cooper | May 7, 2015 at 1:14 am
Malinowski was right. Never mind the use of 'savages' as contrast with the 'civilised' (then preparing the atrocities of WW2). Levi-Strauss has no problem using 'sauvage' as an adjective and his books are (or were) found on every liberal intellectual's coffee table. M. was right in ways he probably never imagined.
1. His own references in his private diary, when made public against his will, might have damaged his high reputation.
2. A civilised man who contracted a fairly high class civilised prostitute, paid her for her services and said goodbye, was surprised to find her turning up 10 years later claiming he was the father of her child and must pay. The case went to court. DNA test established paternity. The court said that any informal contract with a prostitute was irrelevant and ordered the man to pay a huge sum in compensation for the birth and child-care and monthly payments for the next 9 years. The man now has a daughter he did not know he had and his marriage is in jeopardy since all his family's money will now goes to care for the child of a prostitute he can't even remember, leaving him little to care for his legal children. The man considered suicide. Society does attempt to regulate its individuals through a legal system, but it doesn't do a very good job.
I hope the man, and all involved, are OK.
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Patrick Clarkin | October 3, 2015 at 9:25 pm
"What's going on is a contest between the people who want the skirts pulled down to the floor, and the people who want them pulled up to the neck. And you've got to draw the line somewhere." – Alan Watts https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=668&v=UT6lDbbuMHs (11 min)
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Author, & Welcome!
Patrick Clarkin
This site is mostly about biological anthropology, a field that has fascinated me ever since my first undergraduate course. Other specific topics: evolution, war, conflict and cooperation, health, nutrition, human mating patterns, and the Hmong/ SE Asian refugee diaspora. Please take a look around. Hope you find something interesting. Finally, as this site is a labor of love, I appreciate feedback. Thanks.
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"To Tame the Savageness of Man"
Biology: The Science of Exceptions
Sex and Love in the Long Run
Killer Ghosts & Broken Hearts: The Mystery of Sudden Unexplained Death in Sleep in Asian Men
The Custodians of Life's Meaning
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Part 1. Humans are (Blank) -ogamous
Growing Up in the Two Koreas
Developmental Plasticity and the "Hard-Wired" Problem


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Round 16 – St Kilda v Richmond: Benevolence beams down on Etihad during the inaugural Maddie's Match
July 27, 2015 by Jennifer Muirden 2 Comments
Round 16 – St Kilda v Richmond: Benevolence beams down on the inaugural Maddie's Match
by Jennifer Muirden
4:40pm, Sunday 19 July 2015
Etihad Stadium, Docklands
A memorable and emotionally charged day for me from go to woe. It started with an early morning therapeutic walk twice around Albert Park Lake which is where I generally do most of my productive thought processing. As I took in the gorgeous scenery and limbered up I reflected on the significance of the day that lay ahead. I thought about all the loved ones that have passed away at too young an age over the last decade. Uncontrollable tears of joy rolled down my cold cheeks, but I smiled, as I thought about my beautiful late mother and how pleased she would have been that her beloved Geelong had notched up a win the night before. I returned home after my cathartic walk, showered and thoughtfully donned myself in purple attire from top to toe. Then later on, in keeping with the strong sibling connection theme of the day, I briefly visited my younger Richmond supporting brother, Richard (aka 'Richo') on the way to the game. I gave him a huge hug, told him how much I loved him and reminded him that the result of the match was not really important in the larger scheme of things. While acknowledging the importance of a Tigers victory in terms of making it into the top four come September, it was agreed that no matter the result Maddie Riewoldt's Vision would be the real winner. In his presence the symmetry of the situation between Nick and Alex being incompatible donor matches for Maddie in terms of Bone Marrow Transplant was not lost on me. In the moment I reminisced that it was nine years ago, after undergoing six months of vigorous testing, that I was deemed an unsuitable match for a live kidney donation to Richard. This, however, is where the similarity ends as fortunately my story has a good ending. Rick miraculously received a kidney transplant from a deceased donor in 2010 which has served him well over the last four and a half years with no signs of rejection.
I'm not exactly sure if it was the Snowdome Foundation who, along with the prominent faces and voices of both Nick and Jack Riewoldt leading up to the game, handled the public relations and marketing for 'Maddie's Match', but whoever was responsible did an exemplary job. It certainly has had a 'snowball effect' and will continue to keep Maddie's fight well and truly alive. Even before I arrived at the ground I was struck by the sight of the Bourke Street Pedestrian Bridge populated by 'purple people' of all ages, nationalities, shapes and sizes. Once inside Etihad Stadium I devoured every minute detail of purple decoration on supporters of both teams. From purple wigs to purple face paint to purple elephants and even mature men wearing purple nail polish, there was much to take in. This special inaugural match evoked a very creative response which warmed my heart and made me smile. In fact, although there were many tears shed throughout the day, smiling was definitely the order of the day. The last time I experienced such an overwhelming sense of community and common purpose amongst such a huge crowd like this was back in 2002 when I saw the Dalai Llama at Rod Laver Arena.
Once at my reserved seat I greeted my older brother with a hearty hug thereby completing the important sibling connection ritual with both my brothers. Before the game started a very moving video appeared up on the big screen featuring the Riewoldt cousins talking about Maddie's struggle with Aplastic anemia and their commitment to realising her dream of raising funds for research into Bone Marrow Failure. As if that wasn't enough to bring tears to my eyes, I was gone when Nick and Jack embraced one another for the traditional coin toss.
In the first three-quarters of the game my brother, Scot and I struggled to talk about our stars because the Saints were truly outshone by Damian Hardwick's 'Big Boys of the Month'. Right now they seem to be truly at the peak of their power with the likes of Jack Riewoldt at age 26, Mohawk mulleted Dusty Martin at age 24 and Ben Lennon at the ripe age of 20.
I have no idea what occurred at three-quarter time, but St Kilda came back on the ground for the final term and displayed a genuine fighting effort kicking seven unanswered goals. Sadly it was too late and Richmond ended up getting across the line by 16 points. Brett Deledio starred for the Tigers with three goals and 28 disposals and was rightfully awarded the Ian Stewart Medal for his best-on-ground performance.
I totally missed getting my usual radio fix of 'Finey's Final Siren' on SEN because by the time I got home I needed to switch off and unwind, but then found myself totally absorbed by a documentary on television based on Motor Neurone Disease sufferer, Stephen Hawking followed by the film "The Truman Show" about media manipulation. Both of these programs deeply resonated with me. In the first instance in terms of notions of humanity and in the second instance highlighting for me that while we have definitely become a media controlled world over the years, the promotion of the #Fight Like Maddie match via the media has been extremely powerful and effective in achieving the goals and objectives of Maddie Riewoldt's Vision.
My heart truly goes out to our much-loved St Kilda skipper, Nick Riewoldt who has understandably been doing it tough. When thinking about what I would say to him about finding solace and about the challenges that lie ahead in terms of Maddie's vision, two powerful quotes come to mind. The first one by Dr Seuss "Don't cry because it's over, smile because it happened" certainly helped me with the grieving process when I lost my Mum back in 2006 by focussing on the good times and the happy times we shared. The second quote is from James Dean who commented, "I can't change the direction of the wind, but I can adjust my sails to always reach my destination." I think this speaks volumes.
Several days after attending Maddie's match, given my penchant for rewriting song lyrics, I penned the following tribute song to accompany the special edition of my artwork titled 'Roo Boy':
"Roo, Saints Fans Will Stand By You'
Sung to the tune of "Stand By You" by Marlisa Punzalan
The pain in your eyes will never disguise
The spark that lived there before
And we know you're hurting so much more
Than you're showing
Maddie's loss of life has brought you to tears
But we'll catch every drop
We'll definitely never stop
'Cause you're worth it, you're worth it
You saw her fight for every breath
And the waves were overhead
Now Maddie's been laid to rest
Fans will stand by you
When all of your life seems shattered
And your world seems left in tatters
When you're lost, we're lost together
We'll stand by, we will stand by you
If black is your brightest colour
If hurt is your only lover
When you fight, we fight together
We will stand by you [x3]
The war in your head will shoot you down dead
So don't even try to win
Is it worth it all in the end?
We don't think so
Try to embrace the lines on your face
The story of who you are
'Cause we love what we've read so far
We mean it, we mean it
When all of your life seems shattered (yeah)
We'll stand by, we will stand by you (We will stand by you)
If hurt is your only lover (only lover)
Fans will stand by you [x7]
A special edition of Jen Muirden's painting: 'Roo Boy' to commemorate the Round 16 'Fight Like Maddie' match – Jen Muirden, 2015
ST KILDA 2.5 3.8 4.10 10.13 (73)
RICHMOND 2.3 8.6 13.8 13.11 (89)
St Kilda: Weller 3, Savage, Riewoldt, Montagna, McCartin, Dunstan, Bruce, Armitage
Richmond: Lennon 3, Deledio 3, Riewoldt 2, Vlastuin, Newman, Maric, Lambert, Grigg
MY BEST
St Kilda 3 – Maverick Weller 2- Jack Steven 1- Shane Savage
Richmond 3- Brett Deledio 2- Ben Lennon 1- Dustin Martin
Umpires: O'Gorman, Findlay, Mollison
Crowd: 45,722
Money raised for Maddie Riewoldt's Vision: $34,500
About Jennifer Muirden
Jennifer Muirden has been a keen St Kilda supporter since 1978 and fondly remembers her childhood Saturdays spent at Linton Street, Moorabbin. In her lifetime she hopes to experience the Saints second Premiership.
djlitsa says
Great article and I love the painting.
JosephTes says
Very talented, Jen . I didn't realise you were so proficient at lyrics, a favourite pastime of mine. Your article was spot on, in so many ways. Thanks for the link.


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The next Taylor Swift? Meet the 12-year-old winner of America's Got Talent
September 17, 2016 DF Balita Entertainment, Hollywood
12-year-old singer-songwriter Grace VanderWaal is the season 11 winner of America's Got Talent
Simon Cowell calls her the next Taylor Swift
She won a $1 million cash prize and will go on to perform in Las Vegas in October
She said she could and so she did. 12-year-old singer-songwriter Grace VanderWaal was crowned winner of the hit talent search show "America's Got Talent", making her the youngest performer to win the competition.
"This has been the greatest night of my life," Grace said on Twitter after her big win.
Many were impressed by the New York preteen with her mature voice and ability to write heartfelt songs at such a young age. It was no surprise that she was a front-runner early on the show.
Grace bested 9 other finalists for the coveted grand prize: singer Brian Justin Crum, opera singer Laura Bretan, crooner Sal Valentinetti, guy group Linkin Bridge, NFL magician Jon Dorenbos, juggler Viktor Kee, contortionist Sofie Dossi, mime Tape Face, and mentalist duo The Clairvoyants.
During her final performance, Grace performed her original song "Clay" which she wrote in response to bullies.
Judge Heidi Klum told US Magazine: "She doesn't sound like a little girl, she doesn't sing little-girl songs. I think she's special in what she writes. There's only so few people that pop up now and then that really make a difference, and she will make a difference in music 100 percent."
Hard-to-impress judge Simon Cowell was so taken by Grace's talent that he called her "the next Taylor Swift."
Not only is she talented but also has a good heart – Grace told People Magazine that she wants to donate her cash prize to a music charity.
"But I want to go on Treehouse Masters and I want to get a treehouse," she added.
Grace won a $1 million prize and gets to headline the Las Vegas shows in October.
Watch Grace VanderWaal's finale performance of her original song "Clay":
US Magazine, People Magazine, CNN
Recto: Duterte and De Lima both innocent until proven guilty
Real life Buckbeak: Giant bird only allows people to come closer if they bow first


Were part of the team that will be working with three of them Baton Rouge,. SALEM Retail pot shops could open their doors in several &quotThese restrictions on the proposed zoning map could actually prevent many wouldbe business owners from actually starting one,&quot he said &quotThese require 50 percent of. SALEM A new distracted driving law expands an existing ban on using cellphones while driving to all electronic mobile devices and stiffens fines and penalties,. For display purposes, the points plotted on the Price Map may be a random sampling of the full comparison Heated seats, rear view camera Salem. SALEM Engineers with the Oregon Department of Transportation plan to recommend The lake had been identified in geological maps, but initial tests. The keeper has put herself on the map with a slew of outstanding saves shes. RICHARD CARVER Health systems plod ahead with statewide Medicaid plans WinstonSalem Journal analysis A coalition of Washington Post analysis. Eightyfiveyearold William Lynch Elementary School will undergo an estimated. 1Department of Mathematics, Sona College of Technology, Salem636005,Tamil Nadu X &215 Y is called a switching map Proposition 32 Let X and Y be two neutrosophic topological continuous We give this class Y X a topology called the. The meetings today take place at the Old Salem Visitors Center in separate but.


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Soros donates to anti-Brexit group
Billionaire investor George Soros (left)
UK Prime Minister Theresa May says there will not be a second referendum on Britain's membership of the European Union. She insists Britain will leave the EU on March 19, 2019.
Her statement came after billionaire George Soros donated nearly half a million pounds to a campaign group which is seeking to halt Brexit.
The investor is one of three figures linked to the group 'Best for Britain' who plan to launch a nationwide advertising campaign this month.
Britain voted to leave the EU in a referendum in June 2016 after a successful campaign by Brexiteers including Nigel Farage the then leader of right-wing populist party UKIP.
UKIP MEP Ray Finch says Soros has no place in British politics.
"Obviously Mr Soros is no friend of Britain. He once made one and a half million betting against the pound and the remainers have been complaining about all this alleged foreign interference in the referendum," he says. "Mr Soros has put money into alleged parliamentary groups, you know this is actual real interference and we all know about it. Mr Soros and the rest of the globalist 0.1 percent elite should butt out of British politics."
But the remainers are not ready to give up yet. For the first time, various anti-Brexit organisations have joined together under the 'Grassroots Coordination Group'.
It plans to stop Britain following a one-way path to a hard Brexit.
British territory Gibraltar 'could stay in Schengen Area after Brexit'
Light shows, coins... but no bong: How Britain is marking Brexit on January 31
Northern Ireland parliament sits at Stormont after three years of deadlock


nonfiction nuggets… great speeding schooners! she's set a world record!
In 1851, the California Gold Rush was in full swing. Thousands of hopefuls were clamoring to head West, and thousands of miners already there impatiently waited for goods to arrive. Time was money for the clipper ships sprinting down the East Coast, around treacherous Cape Horn, and up to San Francisco with a full roster of passengers and a cargo-hold crammed with goods for sale.
Donald McKay, a keen boatbuilder from Boston, built what he hoped was the fastest ship in the business, a sleek clipper named The Flying Cloud. Josiah Perkins was put in command, and as always, Josiah brought his wife Ellen along as navigator.
In the race to be the fastest schooner ever to make this voyage, Ellen would need every ounce of savvy and confidence she could muster.
Tracey Fern spins off this dashing, nautical account with energy , daring, and bluster. This was a dangerous race, and we feel Ellen's tension all along the way until safe harbor is reached and a world record is set. An Author's Note provides a bit more information, and a glossary helps us through some of those tricky nautical terms.
Emily Arnold McCully's trademark watercolors swash over these pages with glorious light and vivacity and historical detail and personality. Her roiling seas and great sprays of seafoam won't make you seasick…but just about! Great picture book biography for ages 5 and up.
I found this account especially interesting since we read, quite a few years ago, the 1936 Newbery Honor winner, All Sail Set by Armstrong Sperry, about this very voyage. I did not recall a female navigator in his story and went back to check. Nope. The male captain is the only one mentioned. Not a word about the daring navigational work Ellen did which helped win the race. It's still a worthwhile read if you're interested in naval adventures — quite brutal in places, so be aware of that, but I wish he had kept this amazing woman in the story.
Another, much more entertaining follow-up to this story for ages 9 and up is By the Great Horn Spoon which I've reviewed here.
We just read this, too! It is wonderful! My son asked if he could learn to sail after reading it.
Oh! I hope he gets the chance!


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Tag: Grenache Blanc
Lightening Wines 2017 CDP Blanc
Lightening Wines is a new sip for me. Winemakers Randy and Brooke Hester were kind enough to send me a few samples to taste what their small batch winery is all about. This Napa-based winery focuses on Rhone-style wines, sourcing much of their grapes from El Dorado County, California's self-proclaimed "Rhone-zone." As someone who loves Rhone wines and appreciates California's diverse expression of the grapes that are so dependent on both region and winemaker, I was eager to taste what Lightening Wines had to offer. Always skeptical about white blends in general, spoiler alert: I was very much impressed by this CDP Blanc. Well-balanced, refreshing, and just downright tasty, I was able to enjoy with several meals throughout the week.
Alara Cellars 2017 Grenache Blanc
I've followed winemaker Janu Goelz for quite some time—admittedly mostly on social media. What I immediately recognized was a young woman passionate about building her brand and business. Located on the outskirts of San Jose in Gilroy, California, Alara Cellars is one of a handful of boutique wineries in the Santa Clara Valley. Most folks forget about this piece of California wine country, and I love how she embraces it, pouring her wines at both local Silicon Valley hangouts and, now, at regional shows and competitions.
Oh how her brand has grown into such a success.
After interviewing her for a feature in our magazine, I finally got to meet her a few weeks ago at my company's annual Bottle Bash party during the Unified Wine & Grape Symposium. She is just as friendly and delightful as her wines suggest. So I feel privileged to review one of her wines here on my humble little website.
Matthes Vineyards 2016 Grenache Blanc
I learned about Matthes Vineyard through winemaker-friend Cynthia Cosco of Passaggio, who sourced her Grenache Blanc and Marsanne grapes from Henry Matthes for her 2016 vintage of Grenache Blanc. In fact, she didn't just source those grapes, she struck a deal with Henry — in exchange for his exclusive fruits to use for her own Grenache Blanc, she would help him make his 2016 vintage. The difference between the Passaggio and Matthes styles is that Henry prefers to age his Grenache Blanc in oak, whereas Cindy prefers all stainless. So it takes more time for the Matthes Vineyards estate wines to be ready for release. So, today I present to you a sneak peek at Matthes Vineyards 2016 Grenache Blanc.
"Our wine business is the smallest licensed/permitted Vineyard/Winery in Sonoma Valley," says Henry Matthes, proprietor of Matthes Vineyards. It must be true, the Matthes Vineyards sits on a 1/3 acre parcel of land with just shy of 700 vines on the property. Though Henry started out as a grape seller, his modest vineyard now produces between 100 – 150 cases under his own name. Small-lot, indeed, so it was a privilege when Henry invited me to taste his wines.
Cellars 33 2016 Clay Station Vineyard Grenache Blanc
Jon Fones, co-owner and winemaker of Cellars 33, says that when starting a winery, one tends to grab at the fruit they can get their hands on — vineyards with available, affordable contracts with fruits you're able and willing to work with. After working with Napa-based Chardonnay for a number of years, Fones — through a tip from a fellow winemaker — turned his sights to Lodi where, he found, the Grenache Blanc in Clay Station Vineyard grew just beautifully (and, yes, affordably). It may have been a bit experimental at first, working with a new grape variety within his portfolio, but now Cellars 33 is focused on Grenache Blanc as their white wine. "With the fruit from Clay Station," says Fones, "We can express the source through our wine. And that's really what we're all about."


Physical Description: 12 audio discs (14 hr., 30 min.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in.
General Note: Series information taken from NoveList.
Summary, etc.: In this 13th Reacher novel, the former army MP confronts a suicide bomber on a nearly deserted Manhattan subway car--a confrontation that will lead him back to the Soviet war in Afghanistan in the 1980s and forward to the war on terrorism as he tracks down and eliminates the bad guys.


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Q: Javascript in HTML not calling correctly I'm trying to create a simple website using basic java script but I think i'm not able to call to the file correctly have tried multiple sources online but to no success. Can you have a look at my code and tell me what's wrong ?
html:

The total number of square feet in your house is:

square feet.

js:
function test() {
    var test = 15;
    document.write(test);
    return test;
}

A: This:

Should be:

A: I think you have put an > after test() for which there is an Uncaught SyntaxError: Unexpected end of input
square feet.

The total number of square feet in your house is:

 square feet.

A: Base on @MoustafaS's answer, your js file can be fixed:
function test() {
    var test = 15;
    document.write(test);
    return test;
}

Then call it in HTML:

JSfiddle Demo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Taylor Krauss, an American journalist, freelance filmmaker, and founder of the testimonial website Voices of Rwanda, traveled to Uganda roughly two weeks ago to conduct some filming in hopes of pitching footage later to various media outlets.
Krauss is no stranger to the region; he has been traveling back and forth to the country for nine years. But now that he has been arrested, held for four days without charge, had his equipment confiscated, and finally forced out of the country, this probably marks his last visit. It probably also marks bad news for the press in Uganda.
On July 23, Krauss filmed opposition leader Kizza Besigye being acquitted of charges of incitement to violence in a courthouse in the capital, Kampala. Besigye, who has been arrested 34 times in the past five years, is accustomed to drawing such charges whether he is leading a political rally or simply walking down the street; his house is consistently surrounded by police and movements routinely checked.
As he drove to the courthouse, supporters and onlookers began gathering around Besigye, Krauss told me: "First a few and then hundreds, and then hundreds more." While the crowd was peaceful, jittery police started beating people with batons and firing teargas to disperse them. "In many ways it was the police who escalated things by closing down the road--it was not a political rally, Besigye had not organized anything," Krauss said.
Since general elections in 2006, President Yoweri Museveni and his ruling party have faced mounting criticism and civil unrest over corruption and rising prices of basic commodities. Local journalists and news reports say the police have responded with increasingly harsh measures such as cracking down on protests, raiding activists' homes, and even restricting the movement of Kampala's mayor, an opposition politician. The next elections are scheduled in 2016.
As Krauss filmed the police last week, police grabbed him, took his equipment, deleted his footage, and sprained his hand as they pulled him into Central Police Station for interrogation, he said. Over the next four days, Krauss was held without charge--even though it is illegal to detain someone without charge in Uganda for more than 48 hours--and repeatedly interrogated at Jinja Road Police Station, he said. On the third day, police ransacked his hotel room searching for anything incriminating, even tearing the lining of his suitcase, Krauss found out once finally released.
His crime? Working illegally without journalist accreditation or work permit, the director of the government's press department, Ofwono Opondo, told CPJ. Taylor had entered Uganda with a tourist visa. Police took him on July 24 to the immigration department, where the head of immigration ordered his release, Krauss said. But the police continued to hold him until he was finally escorted out of the country on Friday night, July 26. While the independent filmmaker was not officially deported, the government said it prepared "an organized departure," according to news reports.
His ordeal does not bode well for future independent coverage of Uganda. "If an American gets imprisoned, you can imagine the fear local journalists have to report freely, even the international press may be cowed from covering opposition from now on," Krauss said. According to the Foreign Correspondents' Association of Uganda, the last time an international reporter was detained more than briefly was five years ago.
Several local journalists told me that whenever they cover the opposition, authorities automatically view them as opposition supporters. "In 2011 while covering the walk-to-work protests, I had to stop my coverage due to the threats and accusations," one local journalist, who asked not to be identified for fear of retaliation, told me. "Reporters are routinely demonized for covering Besigye, whether they support his policies or not."
Local journalists also said that covering the opposition is unlikely to be any easier under the new minister for internal affairs, former defense chief Gen. Aronda Nyakairima. Krauss's "organized departure" came days after Gen. Nyakairima publicly warned at his inauguration that he would enforce stricter regulations to crack down on "unprofessional" media practitioners, according to news reports. He also thanked another military appointee, Inspector General of Police Gen. Kale Kayihura, "for cracking down on protesters," the reports said.


Spotless! Very Low Mileage: LESS THAN 5k miles. This solid Vehicle, with its grippy 4WD, will handle anything mother nature decides to throw at you!! … Great MPG: 22 MPG Hwy! This outstanding Vehicle is just waiting to bring the right owner lots of joy and happiness with years of trouble-free use.. Optional equipment includes: 10-Way Power Driver & Passenger Seats, 2-Bar Style Grille w/2 Minor Bars Painted Dark (Includes black surround and background mesh), Accent-Color Step Bars, Also Includes body-color wheellip moldings and unique interior finish, Also Includes privacy glass, Body-Color Door & Tailgate Handles (Includes body-color bezel on side doors and black on tailgate), Body-Color Front & Rear Bumpers (Includes body-color front fascia), Box Side Decals, dome lamp replacement and front and back map lamps, Fixed Backlight w/Privacy Glass.... All vehicles come with a vehicle history report! Buy with confidence. NO gimmicks, NO dickering, NO pressure !!! 102 % MONEY BACK GUARANTEE, 20 day - 2000 mile return policy. Contact our Ford Sales Department at 585-586-4415 or email sales@vanbortelford.com for further questions or appointment.


1 Bedroom Flat For Sale in Isle of Wight for Offers in the region of £100,000.
An upper floor apartment with one bedroom, open plan living area with kitchen to one end. Bathroom and a private garden to the rear. This apartment is offered with vacant possession and has recently been updated and new carpet fitted. An ideal first purchase or perhaps an opportunity to let. A home that need to be viewed to fully appreciate the size and layout.