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Real Name Debo Adedayo
Nick Name Debo
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Girlfriend/Wife Name Not Known
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Ans. Lagos, Nigeria.
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text:
Q: AntiforgeryToken validation failed I've ASP CORE 2.1 application that works in conjunction with angular SPA client.
I protected my application as stated here.
But the problem is that I constantly receive 400 Bad Request right after I login to the system. As per my point of view that is what happened in the system:

*

*First request to the app -> returns AntiForgery CookieToken and
RequestToken (important note that user isn't authenticated yet)

*User logins to the system -> AntiForgery validation passed,
authentication cookies sent to the client.

*User requests any
other endpoint, but since the AntiforgeryTokenSet was issued for
non-authenticated user, he gets 400 Bad Request.

It is obvious, that after login we need to reissue AntiforgeryTokenSet but I've no idea where and how. I've tried to issue token in the Result Filter but with no luck.
public class SPAAntiforgeryCookieResultFilter : ResultFilterAttribute
    {
        private readonly IAntiforgery _antiforgery;

        public SPAAntiforgeryCookieResultFilter(IAntiforgery antiforgery)
        {
            _antiforgery = antiforgery;
        }

        public override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext context)
        {
            Action assignAntiForgery = () =>
            {
                var tokens = _antiforgery.GetAndStoreTokens(context.HttpContext);
                context.HttpContext.Response.Cookies.Append("XSRF-TOKEN", tokens.RequestToken, new CookieOptions() { HttpOnly = false });
            };

            if (context.Result is ViewResult)
            {
                assignAntiForgery();
            }
            else if (string.Equals(context.ActionDescriptor.ActionName, nameof(AccountController.Login), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                assignAntiForgery();
            }
        }
    }

It seems that ResultExecutingContext does't know about authenticated user and issues token still for anonymous user.
So, how we can refresh antiforgery RequestToken token right after login for authenticated user?

A: For now I find out the way how to get around the issue.
Previously, I returned Ok() after successful login, but now I do RedirectToAction() and my OnResultExecuting filter was slightly changed in order to refresh token after RedirectToAction happend.
    public class SPAAntiforgeryCookieResultFilter : ResultFilterAttribute
        {
            private readonly IAntiforgery _antiforgery;

            public SPAAntiforgeryCookieResultFilter(IAntiforgery antiforgery)
            {
                _antiforgery = antiforgery;
            }

            public override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext context)
            {
                Action assignAntiForgery = () =>
                {
                    var tokens = _antiforgery.GetAndStoreTokens(context.HttpContext);
                    context.HttpContext.Response.Cookies.Append("XSRF-TOKEN", tokens.RequestToken, new CookieOptions() { HttpOnly = false });
                };

                if (context.Result is ViewResult)
                {
                    assignAntiForgery();
                }
                // Here we check whether our redirect action is executed. Update AFT if it is
                else if (string.Equals(context.ActionDescriptor.RouteValues["action"], nameof(AccountController.RefreshAntiForgeryAfterLogin), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                {
                    assignAntiForgery();
                }
            }
        }

This dirty hack works in the next way:

*

*First request to the app -> returns AntiForgery CookieToken and RequestToken (important note that user isn't authenticated yet)

*User press login to the system -> AntiForgery validation passed, authentication cookies set up -> User get response with authentication cookies and status code 302 (redirect) -> User reach out our RedirectUserToAction method with context that has authentication info (User.IsAuthenticated == true)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Fanfic/Mirrors
Fanfic / Mirrors
Everyone knows the Beast was selfish and unkind—which, of course, is exactly what a jealous enchantress would want the world to think. An AU in which young Adam was an innocent victim caught up in his father's past mistakes, and Belle a willing presence seeking to repay her own father's debt. And with a vengeful witch on the loose, Gaston is the least of their worries.
Written by greensearcher , Mirrors is an Alternate Universe Fic of Beauty and the Beast, with the main difference being that the Beast was an innocent victim the entire time. One day, Adam finds an old man breaking into his castle, trying to steal valuables to pay for his wife's illness. Unable to part with his possessions(as they are actually his servants under the spell), but empathizing all too well with the man's situation, Adam gives him money to pay for medicine with the condition that he never speak of where he got the gold. When the old man and his ailing wife leave for Paris to see the city doctor, their daughter, Belle, grows curious about where her father got the gold, and decides to seek out their benefactor...
Can be found on Archive of Our Own here and on Fanfiction here .
Not to be confused Mirrors (TLOZ), which is a The Legend of Zelda fanfic.
This Fic features the following tropes:
Adaptational Angst Upgrade: All over the place. Adam in particular goes through a full blown Trauma Conga Line that started before he was cursed.
Adaptational Nice Guy: The premise of this fic is that Adam really was an innocent child when he was cursed, and he's a much nicer person when he first meets Belle.
Adaptation Relationship Overhaul: Mrs. Potts is Chip's grandmother in this version, with her daughter being his mother.
Adaptational Villainy: The enchantress is a full blown villain in this story.
Adorkable: Both Adam and Belle, even more so than in canon, arguably.
Adult Fear: A lot.
Animated Armor: Original Character Sophie, one of the maids in the castle, is cursed into being a suit of armor.
Bookworm: Belle naturally, and this aspect of Adam's personality is much more prominent than in the original, including him indexing the massive library and teaching his servant's how to read.
Big Bad: The enchantress.
Big Bad Wannabe: Gaston.
Cheerful Child: Adam in the flashbacks.
Constantly Curious: Belle.
Driven to Suicide: A flashback revealed that one of the servants, Charlotte, had thrown herself off the wall of the castle, shattering into pieces.
Dude Magnet: Belle when she and Sophie visit a neighboring village. Numerous young men start competing for her attention, to the point that a brawl ensues right in front of her.
Evil Cannot Comprehend Good: The enchantress's gambits repeatedly fail thanks to this.
Expy: Word of God confirms Sophie was inspired by Alphonse Elric of Fullmetal Alchemist.
Failed a Spot Check: Gaston is the only person in the entire village that doesn't know Belle's parents have left town.
Flashback: Frequently, shedding light on how Adam and his servants make the most of their lives under the curse.
Forceful Kiss: Gaston kisses Belle without her consent, while promising to do worse later on.
Fourth Date Marriage: Averted. Adam and Belle's short romance over several days in the original film is changed to develop over months with Belle visiting the castle daily and getting to know him.
Gilded Cage: The castle is effectively this for Adam. An invisible wall keeps him from leaving the castle grounds. What makes this especially cruel is the fact that everyone else in the castle can leave.
Good Parents: Adam's parents, explaining why he's so sweet despite his terrible circumstances. Belle's parents as well who fight for her to have an education and try to protect her from Gaston.
Ill Girl: Belle's mother, which is part of what kicks off the plot.
Insecure Love Interest: Unsurprisingly Adam has to work through a lot of self-loathing and doubt to believe Belle could love him in his cursed body.
Interclass Romance: Prince Adam, who is heir to the throne and commoner Belle, a farmer's daughter. Belle is rather worried about this, both when they become friends and as their relationship deepens, while Adam couldn't care less as he's much more concerned about his beastly form putting her off and that he has remarkably progressive and egalitarian views thanks to his mother's influence.
His parents were a more downplayed version - his father was a Prince and his mother, while noble, was only the daughter of a minor baron, so of a much lower status than his arranged match to a foreign princess.
Kick the Dog: The enchantress does this to Adam every chance she gets. One that stands out is her attempt to convince Adam that Belle simply pities him, and has no chance of loving him.
Laser-Guided Karma: A single act of kindness provides Adam the perfect chance to break the spell over him and his servants.
Locked Out of the Loop: More justified than in the movies. Adam tries to tell Belle about the requirements of breaking the spell, but the spell works in a way so he can't tell her.
Marry for Love: Adam's parents, though the circumstances were complicated. And of course Adam desperately wants to do this with Belle.
Nice Guy: Adam is almost painfully sweet, more than explaining why Belle falls for him despite his form. Also Henri, Chip's father and Sophie's Love Interest. Belle and Sophie are female versions.
Original Character: Several.
Royals Who Actually Do Something: Adam wishes he could be this, but circumstances keep the poor boy from fulfilling what he sees as his duty.
Running Gag: The first chapters have Belle attempting to guess Adam's name, which are usually based on what kind of animal she thinks he is. He eventually gives up and tells her his name.
Single-Target Sexuality: Adam and Belle only have eyes for each other. In Adam's case, it's because Belle is literally the first human woman he's ever met since he was cursed as a child. Belle, on the other hand, has never met anyone before Adam who piqued her interest.
Single Woman Seeks Good Man: Belle falls in love with Adam due to his kind nature. The enchantress quite simply doesn't understand this.
Stay in the Kitchen: Emphasized more than the original film, with Belle more obviously suffering alienation from the town's people and being physically attacked when she tries to attend school with the boys as a child.
Will They or Won't They?: Adam and Belle, specifically on will they or won't they confess their love to each other as it takes a verbal confession to break the curse.
0% Approval Rating: Gaston ends up having this. As it turns out, what Belle thought was respect and admiration for him was in fact fear of his wrath.
Ariel & Belle
FanWorks/Animated Films
Bee Shrek Test in the House

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Brewers' Championship Series run is taking some wind out of Packers ticket sales.
Ticket King owner John Lamoreaux says he is seeing Packers ticket holders unloading their Monday Night Football seats, most likely to catch the Brewers on TV from Los Angeles.
"We're getting a lot of sellers of Packers tickets. The market's gone down quite a bit because of the Brewers demand and the slow start," said Lamoreaux.
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"Fans really are behind this team it's a fun group of guys to watch. There is a lot of excitement behind them. People believe they can win. And when you believe it translates into demand and sales," said Lamoreaux.
The Brewers organization says single game tickets for the NLCS are sold out, meaning the secondary ticket market is probably your only option.
Experts recommend using a local ticket broker and purchasing with a credit card.


text:
2004 WI App 121
Brian W. Sprang,
Brown, Nettesheim and Snyder, JJ.
On behalf of the defendant-appellant, the cause was submitted on the briefs of Jefren E. Olsen, assistant state public defender.�
On behalf of the plaintiff-respondent, the cause was submitted on the brief of Peggy A. Lautenschlager, attorney general, and Sandra L. Nowack, assistant attorney general.�
Cir. Ct. No.� 02CF000057
����������� APPEAL from a judgment and an order of the circuit court for Manitowoc County:� Fred H. Hazlewood, Judge.� Reversed and cause remanded with directions.�
����������� Before Brown, Nettesheim and Snyder, JJ.
�1������� NETTESHEIM, J. Brian W. Sprang pled guilty to and was convicted of first-degree sexual assault of a child contrary to Wis. Stat. � 948.02(1) (2001-02).[1]� Sprang appeals from that conviction and from a postconviction order denying his motion for a new sentencing hearing on grounds that the State�s remarks at sentencing violated the terms of his plea agreement.
�2������� We conclude that the prosecutor�s remarks constituted a material and substantial breach of the parties� plea agreement.� Although Sprang�s counsel chose not to object to the prosecutor�s remarks for reasonable strategic reasons, we nevertheless conclude that his counsel�s acquiescence to the revised plea agreement without consulting with Sprang or gaining his consent constituted deficient performance.� We further conclude that counsel�s failure prejudiced Sprang.� We reverse the judgment and order and remand for a new sentencing proceeding before a different judge.
�3������� On March 8, 2002, the State charged Sprang with one count of sexual contact with a child who has not attained the age of thirteen years contrary to Wis. Stat. � 948.02(1).� Following a preliminary hearing on April 1, 2002, Sprang was bound over for trial.� The State subsequently issued an Information reciting an additional charge of sexual contact with a child contrary to � 948.02(1).
�4������� On September 10, 2002, Sprang entered a guilty plea to one count of first-degree sexual assault of a child.� Sprang�s plea questionnaire was accompanied by an August 27, 2002, letter from the State confirming the parties� agreement that Sprang would plead to one count of first-degree sexual assault of a child and the remaining charge of sexual assault of a child would be dismissed and read in, as would an outstanding bail jumping charge in another case.� Pursuant to the agreement, the State would �recommend probation but is free to argue length, structure, terms and conditions of probation,� including the length of any jail condition.� At the plea hearing, the State requested both a presentence investigation (PSI) and a sex offender evaluation.
�5������� Prior to sentencing, the trial court had received both the PSI report and the sex offender assessment.� Both reports disagreed with the plea agreement�s sentencing recommendation and the PSI report recommended prison time.[2]� At sentencing, the court rejected the plea recommendation stating that probation with jail time �isn�t going to work� and that a period of custody and extended supervision was necessary for rehabilitation.� The court sentenced Sprang to a twelve-year bifurcated sentence with four years of confinement followed by eight years of extended supervision.�
�6������� On June 26, 2003, Sprang, by his postconviction counsel, filed a Wis. Stat. Rule 809.30 motion for postconvicton relief requesting a resentencing before a different judge.[3]� Sprang contended that the State breached the plea agreement by arguing at sentencing in a manner that undermined its recommendation for probation.� Sprang also raised an ineffective assistance of counsel argument based on his defense counsel�s failure to object to the prosecutor�s remarks.� Following a postconviction motion hearing at which Sprang�s defense counsel testified, the trial court denied Sprang�s motion.� Sprang appeals.
Prosecutor�s Remarks[4]
�7������� At the sentencing hearing, the prosecutor began by correctly stating the terms of the plea agreement�essentially that the State would be recommending probation.� He then noted the State�s receipt of the PSI report and the sexual offender evaluation and his assessment from those documents that Sprang is �certainly high risk.�� The prosecutor then requested that �[i]f the Court accepts the recommendation of the State and places [Sprang] on supervision, I ask the Court give him the maximum period of jail available.�� He additionally requested that the court impose a lengthy imposed and stayed prison sentence so Sprang, with all of his problems, would know what is going to happen if he should ever be revoked.
�8������� The prosecutor then went on to discuss the impact of Sprang�s offense on the victim and her family and the sex offender assessment.� With respect to the sex offender assessment, the prosecutor noted that Sprang�s protestations of innocence to the assessor conflicted with his guilty plea and indicated that Sprang had no sense of responsibility for his conduct and no insight into his problems.� Based on that assessment, the prosecutor requested supervision of an �incredibly strict nature.��
�9������� The prosecutor then moved on to statements he said would address Sprang�s character, the seriousness of his offense and the need to protect the public.� The prosecutor noted that Sprang had not traditionally done well with supervision and had committed �one of the most serious offenses that the State can charge in this state� which carries �the second highest penalty that a non-enhanced felony can carry.�� The prosecutor noted a definite need to protect the public.� He then expressed his concern about appropriate treatment while noting that the sexual offender assessment did not agree with the plea recommendation and the PSI author, after conducting a �thorough presentence,� made �a recommendation referring to initial confinement in the three- to five-year range.��
�10����� The prosecutor then explained that he had inquired of the PSI author how treatment would be run in prison and was informed that it would take six to nine months to get someone into the program and then six months to four years to complete a treatment program.� He indicated that he was �pass[ing] that along to the Court for whatever help it may or may not be in terms of if the Court � chooses to send [Sprang] to prison � or chooses to accept the plea agreement.�� The prosecutor then closed his remarks.
�11����� Sprang�s counsel did not object to the prosecutor�s remarks.� However, he began his statements by observing that �what [the prosecutor] has said, I fear if somebody ever looks at a transcript, this might be considered a violation of the plea agreement.�� He then asked the prosecutor to summarize his recommendation one more time.� The prosecutor declined to do so and the trial court directed the defense to move on, stating that the recommendation was clear.�
�12����� At the outset, we briefly address the State�s argument that Sprang waived his right to claim a breach of his plea agreement because his defense counsel failed to object to the prosecutor�s remarks at sentencing.� While the issue is waived because of defense counsel�s failure to object, Sprang seeks relief via a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel based on the failure to object.�
�13����� Before addressing Sprang�s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, we must first address whether there was, in fact, a material and substantial breach of the plea agreement.� State v. Naydihor, 2004 WI 43, �9, ___ Wis. 2d ___, 678 N.W.2d 220.� If we conclude that there was not a breach of the plea agreement, then defense counsel�s failure to object would not constitute deficient performance.� Id.�� We therefore turn to the primary issue on appeal�whether the State breached the terms of its plea agreement with Sprang.
Breach of the Plea Agreement
�14����� Our supreme court recently set forth the standards for reviewing an alleged breach of a plea agreement in Naydihor:�
[A]n accused has a constitutional right to the enforcement of a negotiated plea agreement. . . .
���� A prosecutor who does not present the negotiated sentencing recommendation to the circuit court breaches the plea agreement. An actionable breach must not be merely a technical breach; it must be a material and substantial breach. When the breach is material and substantial, a plea agreement may be vacated or an accused may be entitled to resentencing.
���� Whether the State breached a plea agreement is a mixed question of fact and law. The precise terms of a plea agreement between the State and a defendant and the historical facts surrounding the State�s alleged breach of that agreement are questions of fact.� On appeal, the circuit court�s determinations as to these facts are reviewed under the clearly erroneous standard.� Whether the State�s conduct constitutes a material and substantial breach of the plea agreement is a question of law that this court reviews de novo.� A breach is material and substantial when it �defeats the benefit for which the accused bargained.�
Id., ��10-11 (citing State v. Williams, 2002 WI 1, 249 Wis. 2d 492, 637 N.W.2d 733).
�15����� Here, the parties do not dispute the terms of the plea agreement.� Therefore, our discussion focuses on whether the State�s conduct constitutes a material and substantial breach of the plea agreement.� On this issue, we have the benefit of the supreme court�s recent opinion in Naydihor.[5]
�16����� In Naydihor, the defendant and the State reached an agreement similar to the one in this case�the State would recommend probation, but was free to recommend the conditions and length of probation.� Naydihor, 678 N.W.2d 220, ��3, 12.� On appeal, Naydihor argued that the prosecutor�s comments at sentencing constituted a material and substantial breach of the plea agreement because the prosecutor implied to the court that a harsher sentence was needed than that recommended and highlighted Naydihor�s negative attributes, i.e., his history of substance abuse, the victim�s substantial injuries and calling him a danger to the community.� Id., �15.�
�17����� In assessing Naydihor�s claims, the supreme court looked to its decision in Williams which held that the prosecutor�s comments at sentencing must �undercut the essence of the plea agreement� in order to constitute a breach.� Naydihor, 678 N.W.2d 220, �17 (citing Williams, 249 Wis. 2d 492, �46).� The prosecutor�s comments in Williams were held to constitute such a breach because they �implied that had the State known more about the defendant [prior to reading the presentence investigation report], it would not have entered into the plea agreement.�� Williams, 249 Wis. 2d 492, �47.� The Williams court reasoned that by adopting the information in the presentence investigation report as her own opinion, the prosecutor created the impression that she was arguing against the negotiated terms of the plea agreement.� Id., �48.� In assessing the prosecutor�s remarks, the Williams court stated that the prosecutor�s remarks �covertly implied to the sentencing court that the additional information available from the presentence investigation report and from a conversation with the defendant�s ex-wife raised doubts regarding the wisdom of the terms of the plea agreement.�� Naydihor, 678 N.W.2d 220, �18 (citing Williams, 249 Wis. 2d 492, �50).� The Williams court noted that, �Although the State is not barred from using negative information about the defendant that has come to light after the plea agreement and before the sentencing, the State may not imply that if the State had known more about the defendant, the State would not have entered into the plea agreement.�� Williams, 249 Wis. 2d 492, �50 (footnote omitted).� Finally, the Williams court stated that the information offered by the prosecutor in Williams supported a more severe sentence of a prison term and was unnecessary to explain or support the plea agreement that the State would recommend the minimum sentence of probation.� Id., �51.
�18����� In looking beyond Williams to other cases addressing alleged breach of plea agreements, the Naydihor court cited State v. Hanson, 2000 WI App 10, �14, 232 Wis. 2d 291, 606 N.W.2d 278, for the proposition that a prosecutor may cite aggravating factors relevant to the sentencing and to seek a sentence at the high end of an agreed upon cap, and State v. Ferguson, 166 Wis. 2d 317, 319-21, 324, 479 N.W.2d 241 (Ct. App. 1991), for its holding that a plea agreement cannot prohibit the State from informing the trial court of aggravating sentencing factors and that listing aggravating factors can be necessitated by a plea agreement in which� the prosecutor agrees to recommend probation but is free to argue for the maximum allowable sentence.� Naydihor, 678 N.W.2d 220, ��19-22.
�19����� After examining previous case law, the Naydihor court concluded that the plea agreement in that case permitted the State to discuss aggravating factors and relevant behavioral characteristics of the defendant in order to justify an unusual sentencing recommendation within the confines of the plea agreement.� Id., �25.� The Naydihor court held that the prosecutor�s statements did not insinuate a distancing from the sentencing recommendation but rather were necessary to justify ten years of highly monitored probation, including weekly random drug testing, chemical dependency assessments and counseling, and one year of jail time.� Id., ��25-26, 28.�
�20����� In reaching its decision, the Naydihor court also noted that the State in that case, unlike the agreement in Williams, did not agree to recommend the minimum sentence; it agreed only to recommend some type of probation and dismiss one of the charges.� Naydihor, 678 N.W.2d 220, �28.� Also, unlike the prosecutor in Williams, the prosecutor in Naydihor made no mention of the recommendation in the PSI report or otherwise intimated that the State no longer supported the plea agreement.� Naydihor, 678 N.W.2d 220, �29.
�21����� Turning back to Sprang�s claim, we conclude that this case is more akin to Williams than Naydihor.� We begin our analysis by acknowledging, under Naydihor, that the terms of the plea agreement, which permitted the prosecutor to argue the length and terms of probation, provided the prosecutor with substantial latitude in his presentation of negative information about Sprang in an effort to persuade the sentencing court to impose a stayed sentence and to further impose a substantial period of confinement as a condition of probation.� However, unlike the prosecutor in Naydihor who never mentioned prison time, the prosecutor in this case expressly referred to the possibility of a prison setting, even going so far as suggesting the term of confinement necessary to meet Sprang�s treatment needs.� See Naydihor, 678 N.W.2d 220, �16.�
�22����� Further distinguishing this case from Naydihor and likening it to Williams are the prosecutor�s observations that (1) both the PSI and sex offender assessment reports disagreed with the probation recommendation set out in the plea agreement; and (2) Sprang was �high risk� and had not previously done well on probation.�
�23����� �[W]hat the prosecutor may not do is personalize the information, adopt the same negative impressions as [the author of the presentence investigation report] and then remind the court that the [author] had recommended a harsher sentence than recommended.�� Williams, 249 Wis. 2d 492, �48 (citation and footnote omitted). While not expressly stating that he had changed his impression of Sprang, see id., �47, the prosecutor observed that he found it �troubling� that Sprang�s version of the offense in the PSI report contradicted his guilty plea, that he found it clear from the PSI report and sex offender evaluation that Sprang was �high risk,� and finally, that he was �concerned� that the PSI report and sex offender assessment did not agree with the plea agreement and made a recommendation of initial confinement in the three- to five-year range.
�24����� We conclude that the prosecutor�s comments, including a recitation of the PSI recommendation for confinement, constituted a breach of the plea agreement by �insinuat[ing] that [the State] was distancing itself from its recommendation,� see Naydihor, 678 N.W.2d 220, �28, and �cast[ing] doubt on � its own sentence recommendation.�� See Williams, 249 Wis. 2d 492, �50 (footnote omitted).� In doing so, we acknowledge the State�s contention that the prosecutor�s remarks were merely informative in nature.� Such an argument begs the question.� No doubt the prosecutor�s remarks were informative; however, the core inquiry is whether such �information� breached the terms of the plea agreement.� Our inquiry does not turn on whether the prosecutor intended to breach the agreement,[6] see State v. Howland, 2003 WI App 104, �31, 264 Wis. 2d 279, 663 N.W.2d 340, but rather we look to the practical effect of the prosecutor�s statements.� Here, that effect was to deprive Sprang of his constitutional right to the enforcement of the negotiated terms of his plea agreement.� See Williams, 249 Wis. 2d 492, �37.
Waiver/Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
�25����� Having concluded that State breached its plea agreement with Sprang, we turn next to Sprang�s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel.� See Naydihor, 678 N.W.2d 220, �9.� In order to prove ineffective assistance of counsel, the defendant must show that counsel�s performance was deficient and that counsel�s errors or omissions prejudiced the defense.� State v. Pitsch, 124 Wis. 2d 628, 633-34, 369 N.W.2d 711 (1985).� Performance is deficient if it falls outside the range of professionally competent representation.� See id. at 636.� We measure performance by the objective standard of what a reasonably prudent attorney would do in similar circumstances.� See id. at 636-37.� Prejudice generally results when there is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel�s errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different.� Id. at 642.� However, �[w]here the attorney is guilty of deficient performance in failing to object to a substantial and material breach of the plea agreement, the defense is automatically prejudiced.�� State v. Howard, 2001 WI App 137, �26, 246 Wis. 2d 475, 630 N.W.2d 244 (citation omitted).� We review de novo whether performance was deficient and prejudiced the defendant, but affirm the trial court�s findings of fact unless clearly erroneous.� Pitsch, 124 Wis. 2d at 633-34.
�26����� Sprang�s defense counsel testified at the postconviction motion hearing pursuant to State v. Machner, 92 Wis. 2d 797, 285 N.W.2d 905 (Ct. App. 1979).� There, he explained that at the time of the prosecutor�s remarks, he was not certain that the State had violated the plea agreement.� In addition, defense counsel testified that he perceived one of the prosecutor�s arguments as more �informational� in nature as opposed to pressing for prison time.� He also testified that in his experience he believed the sentencing judge would exercise independent judgment on the matter and would not be unduly swayed by the prosecutor�s statements.� Counsel also expressed concern as to which new judge would be assigned if he was to object and a new sentencing were ordered.�
�27����� We agree with the State that defense counsel had valid strategic reasons for choosing not to object to the prosecutor�s remarks.� However, we have already concluded that those remarks constituted a breach of the negotiated plea agreement.� When defense counsel made the decision to forego an objection, he did not consult with Sprang regarding this new development or seek Sprang�s opinion in the matter.[7]� Thus, Sprang had no input into a situation where the original plea agreement, which limited the State to arguing for conditions of probation, had morphed into one in which the State could suggest that the court impose a prison sentence without probation.� As such, the plea agreement to which Sprang pled no longer existed.�
�28����� That defense counsel failed to consult Sprang as to the new agreement violates the holding of State v. Woods, 173 Wis. 2d 129, 132-33, 141, 496 N.W.2d 144 (Ct. App. 1992).� There, the defendant entered into plea agreement which permitted the State to seek a two-year sentence consecutive to an existing juvenile court placement.� Id. at 133.� However, just prior to sentencing and without the defendant�s knowledge, defense counsel and the prosecutor agreed that the State would ask for a two- to three-year consecutive sentence.� Id. at 135-36.� The prosecutor did so at sentencing, and the defendant�s attorney did not object to the prosecutor�s sentencing request, which was contrary to the plea agreement entered into by the defendant.� Id. at 135.� On appeal, we held that a guilty plea is a personal right of the defendant and that the defendant was entitled to withdraw his plea on grounds that defense counsel�s failure to object had resulted in a renegotiated plea agreement to which the defendant was never a party.[8]� Id. at 141.� We held that �a defendant�s attorney cannot renegotiate the plea without the knowledge or consent of his or her client.�� Id.
�29����� Here, the strategic decision by Sprang�s defense counsel to forego an objection to the State�s breach of the plea agreement without consulting Sprang was tantamount to entering a renegotiated plea agreement without Sprang�s knowledge or consent.� It is on this basis that we conclude that defense counsel�s performance was deficient.� Because counsel�s deficient performance involved a breach of a plea agreement, Sprang is automatically prejudiced.� See Howard, 246 Wis. 2d 475, �26.��
�30����� We conclude that the prosecutor�s remarks at sentencing constituted a substantial and material breach of Sprang�s plea agreement.� While trial counsel�s failure to object represented acceptable strategy, counsel�s further failure to consult with sprang about the breach constituted ineffective assistance of counsel.� Sprang was prejudiced because he pled guilty under a different plea agreement that he never ratified.� As such, we conclude that Sprang is entitled to a resentencing before a different judge.� We therefore reverse and remand for that proceeding.
����������������������� By the Court.�Judgment and order reversed and cause remanded with directions.
����������� Recommended for publication in the official reports.�����
[2] The PSI report states a recommendation of �a total sentence in the area of 8 to 10 years with a period of Initial Confinement in a range of 3 to 5 years followed by the balance on extended supervision.�� The sexual offender evaluation, while not making an express recommendation of prison time, notes Sprang�s �high risk for reoffense� and recommends inpatient sex offender treatment.
[3] Sprang also requested an additional thirty-two days of sentence credit under Wis. Stat. � 973.155.� This request was granted by the trial court and is not at issue on appeal.
[4] While we summarize the prosecutor�s remarks in the body of the decision, the prosecutor�s remarks at sentencing are set forth in their entirety below:
[PROSECUTOR]:� I have received and I have reviewed the [PSI] at some length.� I actually had this for about a week, I think.� One comment that I made to the Court, Your Honor, is the agreement did take into account some other issues that aren�t taken into account when one merely assesses for purposes of sentencing.
���� The agreement takes into account the impact on the victim, other issues of proof and those�those aren�t as paramount when preparing an assessment like Mr. Gayle does.� I mean he tries to look at this independent of those agreements.
���� What is clear, Your Honor, is that the defendant, from reading the presentence and specifically from reading the [sexual offender] evaluation by Mr. Gayle, the defendant is certainly high risk.� If the Court accepts the recommendation of the State and places him on supervision, I ask the Court give him the maximum period of jail available.
���� I would ask that the Court give him a very long sentence structure, and I�d ask that the Court impose and stay, rather than withhold, a sentence structure, because I think the defendant, when one looks at all the problems he has from the evaluations, this defendant needs to know what�s going to happen to him.�
���� That said, let me point out a couple things about�about the case and its impact as it has been relayed to me.� This has had a significant impact, Your Honor, on the other people involved.� The mother of the victim had planned on which to be here, but her blood pressure has shot up over two hundred and she had to seek medical attention yesterday and is unable to be here, indicating that this has had an incredibly disruptive impact on her life as evidenced by what it�s done to her blood pressure.� The grandmother is here indicating to me�indicated this has been difficult on all the family.
���� When I�when I read through the Sex Offender Assessment, Your Honor, one of the things I found troubling was that while the defendant came in here and entered a guilty plea, he then turns around and gives an account that, quite frankly, doesn�t fit.� It becomes contradictory, not only with the victim but with other accounts.� He actually contradicts himself at points.� He shows no sense of responsibility.� He shows no understanding of his problem, no insight, and that does become quite troubling, and that�s why any supervision that would happen would have to be of an incredibly strict nature, Your Honor.
���� As to additional character of the offender, one need only look at page four to realize that trouble has been a consistent pattern�that�s page four of the presentence�to realize that trouble has been a consistent pattern within Mr. Sprang�s life, although I must say, as he got toward the later 90�s, it was slowing down to�to a great extent, but certainly did not stop.
���� Additionally, in terms of his character, he has not traditionally done well with�with supervision and has not seemed to show insight into his own problems.� Obviously, looking at the seriousness of the offense, Your Honor, this is a very serious offense.� It�it is one of the most serious offenses that the State can charge in this state and carries with it the second highest penalty that a non-enhanced felony can carry.� That is, it�s a class B felony.
���� There is certainly a need to protect the public, and, hopefully, appropriate treatment can do that.� There is one thing that I was concerned about, because I know that there wasn�t�the presentence and the evaluation by Mr. Gayle do not agree with the plea agreement that was made.� Ms. Czechanski, the author, did a thorough presentence and makes a recommendation referring to initial confinement in the three- to five-year range.
���� I asked her a question, because I had previously been given answers to�to the question of how treatment would run within the prison, and I asked her if she could check with them to see what they would say in terms of, you know, what kinds of time frame we�re looking at, Judge, and they have become even more vague than I used to get for an answer.
���� What Ms. Czechanski related to me was that six to nine months to staff someone.� That is, to get them into any program to figure out where they�re going to send them.� Treatment programs, depending on how they staff, run from six months to four years, and evidently not an ability, you know, prior to that staffing to tell you whether this is a six-month or four-month, and obviously that person needs to have a chance to be evaluated for [ch.] 980 purposes based upon this particular charge.��
���� I pass that along to the Court for whatever help it may or may not be in terms of if the Court, you know, chooses to send him to prison at this point or chooses to accept the plea agreement and is looking to�you know, how do we set up a structure on an imposed and stayed.� I think it�s relevant to both those factors.� That�s all, Your Honor.�
[5] We note that State v. Naydihor, 2004 WI 43, ___ N.W.2d ___, 678 N.W.2d 220, was decided on April 15, 2004, after the parties had completed the briefing in this case.
[6] Nor does our inquiry turn on whether the sentencing court was influenced by the State�s breach.� State v. Poole, 131 Wis. 2d 359, 363-64, 394 N.W.2d 909 (Ct. App. 1986).� Therefore, we do not consider the trial court�s statement that it did not base its sentencing decision in this case on the State�s remarks.
[7] We reject the State�s assertion that there is no evidence in the record to suggest that Sprang and his defense counsel had not consulted at the time of the remarks or at some other point discussed trial strategy, including whether to request a substitution of judge.� The transcript of defense counsel�s testimony at the postconviction hearing clearly establishes that counsel did not discuss with Sprang his decision to forego an objection to the prosecutor�s remarks.� Further, whether Sprang and his defense counsel had discussed a substitution of judge at a different juncture as part of a trial strategy is inapposite to whether Sprang would have chosen to proceed with the sentencing if he had been consulted.
[8] The defendant in State v. Woods, 173 Wis. 2d 129, 132, 496 N.W.2d 144 (Ct. App. 1992), additionally appealed on grounds that his plea was invalid because the law does not permit a sentence consecutive to a juvenile disposition.�� The court of appeals agreed that the defendant was entitled to withdraw his plea on that ground.� Id.


text:
Daniel Gathof (* 2. Mai 1981 in Ravensburg) ist ein Radprofi in der Disziplin Mountainbike-Marathon.

Leben
Gathof lebt im oberschwäbischen Vogt am Rande des Allgäus, ist verheiratet und hat drei Kinder. Er fährt seit 2008 in den Teams Rocky Mountain, Centurion Vaude und heute DG Sport. Wie auch Emanuel Buchmann ist er Mitglied im Verein KJC Ravensburg e.V. Durch Projekte wie #cyclingagainstcorona, als Nachwuchstrainer im KJC Ravensburg e.V. und  mit weiteren Wohltätigkeitsprojekten in Südafrika zeigt er sich sozial engagiert.

Sportliche Erfolge

 Zweimaliger Deutscher Hochschulmeister 2003, 2005
 Sieger Black Forest Ultra Bike Marathon im Short Track 2005
 Gewinner im Mixed mit Alison Sydor beim Bike Transalp 2009 und mit Pia Sundstedt 2010.
 Sieger Lesotho Sky UCI Stage Race (Südafrika) 2016 mit Renay Groustra
 Rang 3 Lesotho Sky UCI Stage Race 2014
 Sieger Knysna 300 Stage Race (Südafrika) 2013
 Sieger Arabian Epic Series Abu Dhabi (VAE)  2019
 Sieger Arabian Epic Jordan Stage Race 2019
 Rang 3 Israel Epic UCI St2 Erfolgeage Race (Israel) 2015
 Rang 3 La Leyenda del Dorado UCI Stage Race (Kolumbien) 2018
 Mehrmalige Teilnahme Deutsche Meisterschaften und UCI Marathon-Weltmeisterschaften

Weblinks
 www.danielgathof.de
 Ergebnisse Daniel Gathof bei /mtbcrosscountry.com

Einzelnachweise

Radsportler (Deutschland)
Deutscher
Geboren 1981
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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AOL CEO Parsons Reorganizes Reporting Lines for Senior Aides
Martin PeersStaff Reporter of The Wall Street Journal
Updated May 24, 2002 3:45 pm ET
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The article presents a multi-layered analysis that seeks to identify psychological sources of social darwinism - the syndrome of negative beliefs about human nature and social world. The article described research that explores potential relationships between different domains of psychological life and the darwin-like beliefs. The authors inquire into psychological factors that lead people to perceive the social world as a jungle. They point to several fields, where one may find important predictors of social darwinism: 1) positive and negative experiences with people, disappointment by significant persons); 2) stable personality traits (agreeableness, openness to experiences, tough-mindedness); 3) personal values (individualism-collectivism, humanism-materialism, conservatism); and 4) various forms of embeddedness in national and civic community (patriotism, nationalism, symbolic and instrumental engagement). The analysis based on three survey research confirmed the hypothesized relationships between darwin-like beliefs and the four mentioned categories of psychological factors.


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text:
La Esperanza, Honduras
Place in Intibucá, Honduras
La Esperansita
Location of La Esperanza in Honduras
Coordinates: 14°18′23.90″N 88°10′43.21″W / 14.3066389°N 88.1786694°W / 14.3066389; -88.1786694
22 September 1848; 171 years ago (1848-09-22)
City and Municipality
Democratic Municipality
Miguel Antonio Fajardo Mejía (PNH)[2]
157.2 km2 (60.7 sq mi)
UTC-6 (Central America)
Municipality number
Official web page (possibly abandoned)
La Esperanza (Spanish pronunciation: [la espeˈɾansa]) is the capital city and a municipality of the same name of the department of Intibucá, Honduras. La Esperanza is famous for having the coolest climate in Honduras. It is considered the heart of the Ruta Lenca (Lenca Trail), a region of Lenca ethnic influence that spans Honduras from Santa Rosa de Copan to Choluteca. Sites on the Lenca Trail have been designated by the government and United Nations development in order to encourage more cultural tourism, and help create new markets for the traditional crafts, such as pottery, practiced by the Lenca, in order to preserve their culture.
The city of La Esperanza is merged indistinguishably with the city of Intibucá, the head of the neighboring municipality of Intibucá. Intibucá is the older of the twin cities and was originally an indigenous Lenca community, while La Esperanza is the newer ladino community.[3] Although the two cities have separate municipal governments, they are often referred to jointly as La Esperanza as they are only separated by a city street that crosses the city. Residents of La Esperanza are traditionally referred to as esperanzanos and residents of Intibucá as intibucanos.
3.1 Towns and Hamlets
4.1 Celebrations
4.2 Artisan products
4.3 National Capital of Honduran Folklore
6 Transportation
The area was originally occupied by Maya and Lenca people from pre-Columbian times who formed two settlements called Eramani and Lentercala. In 1647, Mayor Francisco de La Cerda was appointed by the Spanish throne to officially demarcate the territory of the indigenous population. He divided the land into two jurisdictions, not corresponding to the Eramani and Lentercala sites, and created boundaries and names for the surrounding small communities.
Over time, the two jurisdictions developed a rivalry, especially over land. The cities grew in population, especially in the 1800s, and La Esperanza was named a villa on 22 September 1848. La Esperanza officially became a city in 1883 when the department of Intibucá was formed by separating from the neighbouring department of Lempira, then called Gracias.[4]
In 2002, permits were obtained by the Consorcio de Inversiones SA de CV (CISA) to build a hydro electric dam on the Rio Intibucá over an abandoned hydro project. Called the La Esperanza Hydro Project after the city, the dam began producing electricity for the surrounding communities in 2003, but its phase two expansion was not completed until 2006. The project was the first in the world to generate Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).[5]
Catholic Church in the Central Park of La Esperanza
La Esperanza sits at an altitude of 1700 meters, making it the highest city in Honduras. It is bisected by the Rio Intibucá which runs from the municipality of Intibucá through the municipality of La Esperanza. La Esperanza is situated in a relatively flat mountain valley, bordered by two chains of mountains, the Sierra de Puca Opalaca to the north and Montaña Zapochoco to the Southeast. The area of the La Esperanza municipality is 138.8 km2 and Intibucá 531 km2.[4][6]
La Esperanza Airport runs along the valley 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of the two cities.
La Esperanza experiences two distinct seasons: the rainy season/winter from May to October and the dry season/summer from November to April. The rainiest months are June and September, and the driest months February and March. During the winter, it rains primarily in the afternoon and the intense showers often make small dirt roads into the surrounding mountain communities impassable. La Esperanza receives average annual precipitation of 1400 mm. Due to its high altitude, La Esperanza has a cooler climate than most of Honduras, with an average annual temperature of 18.6 °C (65.5 °F). Temperatures in December and January often fall into the 40s at night. Hail has been reported on occasion, but it has never snowed. In the summer, high temperatures reach the 80s, but with low average humidity around 76%.[4][6]
Climate data for La Esperanza
Source: wunderground.com;[7]
Population[edit]
The projected population of La Esperanza for 2018 is 13,800, with 9,900 in the urban area and 3,900 in rural areas of the municipality. Additionally, the projected population for the neighboring municipality of Intibucá of 63,000 in the municipality, including 23,800 in the urban area and 39,000 in the rural areas, translates to a population of 37,600 in the combined urban areas of La Esperanza and Intibucá.[8]
Towns and Hamlets[edit]
The municipality has the following five villages (aldeas), which encompass 36 hamlets (caseríos)[9]:
El Terrero
Finca Las Terrazas o El Refugio
Finca San José Del Edén
Finca Santa Anita
La Pozona
Las Anonas
Lepaterique
Tierra Colorada
Los Diez Chorritos
Piedra Menuda
El Invernadero
Chogola
El Mango o Las Pilas
Hda. de Quiala
Llano de La Cruz
Quiala
Puente Hondo
El Pelón
Llano Chalingua
El Garrapatero
El Pastal
El Pital
San Juan o Los Roquitos
Palos Blancos
Culture[edit]
The predominant ethnic group are the Lenca people, who have occupied the southwest region of Honduras since pre-Columbian times. The Lenca are the largest ethnic group in Honduras, numbering just over 100,000. The Lenca once had a distinct language which is now extinct. They continue to practice traditional customs and arts, such as the production of textiles and pottery, dances, and clothing. The Lenca people, particularly women, can be recognised by their unique style of dress, including brightly coloured dresses and woven head scarves called pañuelos.[citation needed]
Daily Lenca fresh produce market
Life in La Esperanza and Intibucá is centred primarily on agriculture, which is the mainstay of most residents, especially the Lenca. Due to its uniquely cool climate, the department is able to produce products that other departments cannot, including potatoes, strawberries and apples. La Esperanza is famous for its daily farmers market which draws vendors and shoppers from around the department. Lenca farmers arrive from the surrounding communities and sell their fruits and vegetables in the street, while some La Esperanza residents manage permanent wooden stalls. Produce available includes lettuce, spinach, carrots, cucumbers, broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, potatoes, tomatoes, sweet and hot peppers, yucca, onions, cilantro, apples, blackberries, mangoes, pineapple, bananas, platanos, avocadoes, grapes, peaches and strawberries. The busiest market days are Saturday and Sunday.[citation needed]
Celebrations[edit]
Dancers in the national dance festival, El Grande de Grandes
As in the rest of Honduras, the majority of the population is Roman Catholic, with a growing percentage of Evangelicals. As such, Christmastime or Navidad, and Holy Week preceding Easter, called Semana Santa, are major times of celebration. Christmas Eve, known as Nochebuena, is celebrated with a late-night dinner with family and friends followed by lighting fireworks at midnight.
For Holy Week, there is generally a series of processions and activities related to each day. Good Friday, Viernes Santo has the largest procession in a re-enactment of Christ's journey to the cross. The people create alfombras along the path of the procession, designed carpets on the street made of coloured sawdust. Most businesses are closed Thursday (Maundy Thursday) and Friday of Holy Week, which are national holidays.
In addition to Christmas and Easter, the people celebrate several other annual festivals and holidays, including:[3]
Artisan Festival (Feria de Artesanía de La Ruta Lenca) – February
Anniversary of the Department of Intibucá – 16 April
National Mushroom and Wine Festival (Festival Nacional del Choro y el Vino) – June or July[10]
Potato Festival (Feria de La Papa) – July
El Grande de Grandes (International traditional dance competition) – the last Saturday in October[a][11][12]
Independence from Spain (Día de Independencia) – 15 September
Festival of the Patron Saint, Virgin of Conception (Feria Patronal de la Virgen de Concepcion) – 29 November to 7 December
Festivals may include parades, processions, marching bands, food tents, artisan demonstrations, traditional dancing, live music and fireworks.
Artisan products[edit]
Local people make a variety of skilled handicrafts. Many women's groups use hand-constructed wooden looms to produce traditional Lenca woven textiles such as ponchos, scarves, shawls, head scarves, table runners and tablecloths in bright colours. A growing number of groups have begun to take advantage of the ample number of fallen pine needles from the surrounding forests, which they weave into sturdy and decorative baskets, pot holders, and vases. White clay local to the region is used to produce a variety of unique ceramic items. La Esperanza is well known for the production of sweet, liqueur-like wines from fruits such as strawberries, pears, peaches, blackberries, and apples as well as the local favourite, potatoes. Visitors to La Esperanza can purchase these items and many other artisan products from around Honduras at one of the three primary souvenir stores in town, UMMIL (Union de Mujeres Microempresarias Lencas de Intibuca),[13] Opalacas, and El Rincon del Turista.
National Capital of Honduran Folklore[edit]
On 23 July 2013 La Esperanza was declared the national capital of Honduran folklore, in tribute to the folklorist and native son of La Esperanza, Rafael Manzanares Aguilar. Rafael Manzanares was a Honduran folklorist, author and musical composer. He created the Cuadro Nacional De Danzas Folklóricas de Honduras and was instrumental in the revival of folklore traditions in Honduras.[14][15]
The designation of the capital of Honduran folklore is realised in La Esperanza each year by the folklore festival El Grande de Grandes.[a] Folk dance groups from all parts of Honduras present their regional dances and costumes while competing in this all-day festival.[16]
Tourism[edit]
La Esperanza is located on the route between Tegucigalpa and Western Honduras, making it a convenient place for stopping while traveling in the country. It is a designated site of the Ruta Lenca. La Esperanza/Intibucá has plenty of hotels, restaurant and shops in every price range.[17]
Some sites of interest in and around La Esperanza include:[3]
La Gruta
Laguna de Chiligatoro outside of La Esperanza
La Gruta – This cave is located on a small hill overlooking town, 5 minutes walk from the Central Park. La Gruta is a shrine to Virgin of the Immaculate Conception (also known as the Virgin of Lourdes) at the top of 31 steps carved by hand in stone of volcanic origin. Religious ceremonies and cultural activities characteristic of the region are performed at the foot of the staircase. According to tradition, La Gruta was made by area residents and inmates of the penal center under orders of the commander of arms J. Inés Pérez during the government of Tiburcio Carías Andino. Perez reportedly built it to fulfill a vow that he made while hiding in the cave to escape being killed by his enemies. The staircase forks behind the chapel until it reaches a hill of dense vegetation that affords a dramatic view the city and the surrounding region.[18]
Lenca Cultural Museum – This is housed in the Casa de Cultura of La Esperanza, a large pink building two blocks up from the Central Park toward La Gruta. Open Monday through Friday, usually 12-4 pm, it features artefacts, artisan products, and a great deal of information about the history and culture of the Lenca people in the area (in Spanish). By asking a day in advance, docents are available.
Baños Publicos El Quiscamote (Public Baths) – This is a spot where people wash their laundry at public water spigots. It also has a small pool for swimming, and tables and chairs for a picnic. People from the area are frequently found here on the hottest days. It is a 15-minute walk outside of town from near La Gruta.
Lenca Market – The market features fresh produce, meat and cheese, and household items, clothes and other trinkets. It winds around a few blocks just north of the Intibucá Municipal Building.
Parque de Bosque Enano (Dwarf Forest) – A short drive out of town on the road to Marcala, the forest contains can encounter over 500 unique dwarf trees that grow less than half a meter tall. Scientists still do not know exactly why this forest exists, but it's an interesting sight to see. There are no signs, services or designated areas; it is necessary to ask a local resident.
Laguna de Madre Vieja (Lagoon of the Old Mother) – Arriving from Siguatepeque, you will find this small lagoon on the left side of the road just before entering town. The visitor can fish, rent a rowboat or just enjoy the silence at this tranquil spot.
Laguna de Chiligatoro (Lagoon of Chiligatoro) – Just 30 minutes by bus from La Esperanza, this lagoon is an ideal spot to relax and swim for the day or rent a rowboat. There is a nearby restaurant with tipico food and just a few km further up the road the tourist can visit the women of El Cacao to watch them make traditional woven textiles.
Estadio Romualdo Bueso – The main sports stadium in La Esperanza, Honduras. It is the home stadium of Atlético Esperanzano soccer team and Lenca Rugby Club. The stadium holds 3,000 people.
Ballet Folklórico Oro Lenca – During festivals and holidays, this dance troupe performs regional dances in traditional costumes of La Esperanza and surrounding communities. Headquartered in the Casa de Cultura of La Esperanza, the group also hosts a national folk dance festival in La Esperanza each October.[19]
Transportation[edit]
La Esperanza can be most easily reached by car or bus from Siguatepeque via Highway 22 which is paved and in good condition. From La Esperanza, one can take the road to Yamaranguila and connect with Highway CA 11-A to reach San Juan, Intibucá; Gracias, Lempira; and Santa Rosa de Copán, Copan. Parts of the road between La Esperanza and San Juan are unpaved making them sometimes impassable during the rainy season, but the road is currently being paved. Transportes Carolina operates a fleet of Pullman buses which run hourly to/from Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula making stops at major cities along the way. There is also regular mini bus service to Marcala, Yamaranguila, San Juan, Erandique, Gracias and Santa Rosa de Copan all leaving from the main bus terminal near the entrance to town. Chicken buses run to smaller surrounding communities.[3]
The nearby village of San Juan is known for its coffee production. It is near Erandique, home to the ancient fortress of Lempira, an indigenous Honduran hero who fought against the Spanish.
Berta Caceres (Lenca), founder of COPINH and environmental and human rights activist; assassinated in March 2016.
Nelson Gracias (Lenca), environmental activist, assassinated in March 2016.
Rafael Manzanares Aguilar, Honduran folklorist, author and musical composer; founder and first director of the National Office of Folklore of Honduras (Oficina del Folklore Nacional de Honduras); founder and first director and choreographer of the Cuadro Nacional de Danza Folkloricas de Honduras.[15]
Vicente Mejía Colindres, president of Honduras in 1919 and again from 1929 to 1933. Both the start and end of the second tenure was marked by until then nearly unprecedented peaceful transfers of power from incumbent to opposition party.
Coordinates: 14°18′24″N 88°10′43″W / 14.30664°N 88.17867°W / 14.30664; -88.17867
^ a b The national dance festival El Grande de Grandes was initially designated to occur on the last Saturday of July but now occurs on the last Saturday of October to accommodate the performance and practice schedule of the Ballet Folklórico Oro Lenca, whose members host the event.
^ "El INE te cuenta: principales resultados del censo a nivel departamental y municipios" [The INE tells you: main results of the census at departmental level and municipalities]. INE (in Spanish). Tegucigalpa, Honduras: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). 22 March 2013. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
^ AMHON: Asociación de Municipios de Honduras. "Alcaldes y Alcaldesas" [Mayors and Municipalities] (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 February 2016.
^ a b c d "La Esperanza, Intibucá". Honduras Tips.
^ a b c "La Esperanza and Intibucá Municipal Website".
^ "La Esperanza Hydro Project Website".
^ a b Honduras Geographic Information Systems Data, Honduran National Census, Peace Corps Honduras, 2001.
^ "Weather Underground History for La Esperanza". Retrieved 10 May 2011.
^ "XVII Censo de Población y VI de Vivienda (2013)" [XVII Population and VI Housing Census (2013 projected)]. INE Honduras (in Spanish). Tegucigalpa, Honduras: Instituto Nacional de Estadística. 23 February 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
^ Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) (ed.). "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2013" [Population and Housing Census 2013] (in Spanish). Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
^ "Festival Nacional del Choro y el Vino". Facebook. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
^ Jorge Torres (31 October 2016). El Grande de Grandes 2016 (Video) (in Spanish). La Esperanza, Honduras: Canal Noticias TNH 8. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
^ "El Grande de Grandes". Retrieved 2 December 2013.
^ "UMMIL Website".
^ "Tributo al folklorista Rafael Manzanares". La Prensa.hn. 31 July 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
^ a b Johonny Gonzalez. "Festival Folclorico Grande de Grandes 2013: La Cultura y El Arte en Honduras Sigue Viva!" [Folk Festival Grande de Grandes 2013: The Culture and the Art in Honduras Yet Lives!]. Asociación de Periodistas Deportivos de Honduras (APDH). Retrieved 10 October 2017.
^ Gustavo Banegas (3 August 2013). "Festival Grande de Grandes: Colorida fiesta folclórica en La Esperanza, Intibucá" [Grande de Grandes: Colorful folk festival in La Esperanza, Intibucá] (in Spanish). El Heraldo.com. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
^ "La Esperanza, Yamaranguila e Intibucá forman trío turístico" [La Esperanza, Yamaranguila and Intibucá form tourist trio]. La Prensa (in Spanish). San Pedro Sula, Honduras: Grupo Opsa. 7 April 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
^ Renán Martínez (6 April 2017). "La Inmaculada domina desde lo alto de Su Gruta" [The Immaculate dominates from the top of her grotto]. La Prensa. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
^ Gustavo Banegas (8 November 2013). "Ballet folclórico: Oro Lenca, un orgullo Intibucano" [Folk Ballet: Oro Lenca, pride of Intibucá]. El Heraldo.com. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
Ballet Folklórico Oro Lenca Website
La Esperanza and Intibucá Municipal Website
La Esperanza's Open Air Market
Union de Mujeres Microempresarias Lencas de Intibucá (UMMIL) Website
Welcome to la Esperanza Intibuca Honduras: Land of the Lencas and the White Mantle
Intibucá Department
Capital: La Esperanza
Camasca
Colomoncagua
Jesús de Otoro
Masaguara
San Francisco de Opalaca
San Marco de Sierra
Yamaranguila
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=La_Esperanza,_Honduras&oldid=877319194"
Populated places in Honduras
Municipalities of the Intibucá Department
1848 establishments in the Spanish Empire
CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)
EngvarB from July 2016


Discussion in 'General Discussion' started by Epic Buttstomp, Apr 16, 2018.
Prize for #1 player this week. Back to regular pigs.
Who knows what kind of crazy scores people will buy their ways into????
Note: competition was done already, a member of the #1 clan Bluemoon already leading by hundreds.
I actually predict a lot of jostling for 2nd place, since the golden ticket for 1st place replaces Prestige Totems, and 2nd place is rewarding 7 of them. I have no complaints at all about this particular rules variation - all of the finishing places that reward Prestige Totems are better than the reward you usually get for placing 1st in a league.
I think the Emulators users have taken over on the top leagues. Keeping pace will be impossible unless you quit your day job or use emulators. On the lower leagues it can be done (according to my wife).
So far this week is no exception.
now you're targeting people that use emulators? smh dude, let people play the game by whichever means they decide to. as long as they're downloading the official app through the play store or itunes, not modded/hacked versions, it doesn't matter what device they use.
I used to play this other RPG named Legend of Lords and one of my clanmates, 19 at the time, regularly invested his entire paychecks into in-game purchases just to compete and be the strongest.
So I just got another pop up survey (like last week) about the new arena format for this week.
I'm only slightly exaggerating when I say that I'm not comfortable with my lead until it's by 10,000 trophies or more.
Personally, I would rather have 2nd or 3rd place this week anyway.
Just saw something I've never seen before... All 5 starting pigs had the Heath Hearts.
I've never had that exact combination happen, but every so often a fresh group of pigs will spawn in and none of them will be the damage variety. Sounds like you got... (un)lucky.
Well, first place in my leaderboard is now past 20K trophies whilst I'm nearly at 9K.
I don't get why they need another gold ticket as there won't be another good event bird for a while.
How do you know there wont be?
Chuck won't be back until Terence and Red go which will be a while.
Angry Santa will be back on Christmas.
QB had 2 events already so he won't come back.
Matilda is currently up for grabs but after that then it will be a while before she comes back.
Eddie is only going to be on Halloween and already had 2 events.
Fringy had a longer event so she won't be back for a while.
Frost had his event 3 months ago which is not long enough to be returning soon.
However Cold Turkey has a small chance of coming back soon due to him having only 1 event that happened a while ago.


text:
Counseling available for students' post -election concerns
Arts & Humanities at Fresno StateUncategorizedCounseling, Cross Cultural and Gender Center, Dream Center, election, Joseph Castro, President's Commission on Human Relations and Equity, Student Health and Counseling CenterLeave a comment
~ Reprinted from FresnoStateNews.com
In the aftermath of the Presidential election season, Fresno State is offering counseling services at its Student Health and Counseling Center on a walk-in basis for students in crisis 8 a.m.-5 p.m. Monday-Friday (after hours, students are encouraged to call Exodus), Nov. 14, at the Speaker Platform (located north of the Henry Madden Library) as well as other meetings with students. (The campus is closed Nov. 11 for Veterans Day.)
In a message to the campus community today, Fresno State President Joseph I. Castro said, "As your President, I am personally committed to fostering a welcoming and supportive campus environment where everyone can thrive. During challenging times, we have the greatest opportunity to listen and learn from one another. I was heartened and inspired by the impromptu conversations I had with many of you on campus and in the community today. Your resilience and optimism will propel us forward as we stay focused on our mission to boldly educate and empower students for success."
The tables will be staffed by members of the National Coalition Building Institute (NCBI) Fresno State team, said Dr. Jody Hironaka-Juteau, interim dean of the College of Health and Human Services who is the President's Commission on Human Relations and Equity chair. The commission, made up of faculty and staff, supports acceptance and fairness at all levels of the University.
The National Coalition Building Institute International is a nonprofit leadership training organization that works to eliminate prejudice and inter-group conflict on campuses and in communities throughout the world. Its university campus affiliate members are trained to provide a proactive response to discrimination and intergroup conflicts. The Fresno State Campus Affiliate consists of a team of students, faculty and staff trained to lead workshops on prejudice reduction and dealing with controversial issues.
Additionally, Gaby Encinas, coordinator of the Dream Success Center, reports that some of the University's undocumented students have expressed concerns over U.S. President-elect Donald Trump's immigration policies. She is referring these students to counselors in the health center and is developing informational workshops next week with local immigration attorneys to provide clarification regarding their residence and educational status.
"I am keenly aware of the serious concerns that many of our undocumented students have about their future," Castro said regarding the Dreamer students. "Fresno State is committed to supporting the success of all of our talented students, including undocumented students. Our students are a critical part of the next generation of leaders in the Valley and beyond."
California State University Chancellor Timothy P. White also issued a statement today in which he said "Elections are essential to democracy. Yet, they are not easy. They test our resolve, but also our understanding and compassion. They can be difficult and sometimes even painful, especially for those who hoped for a different outcome. It is also our responsibility to hold our political leaders to account, regardless of party. To meet that obligation, the California State University and California State Student Association will together be leading advocates in advancing the rights of our students, faculty and staff." See full statement: CSU post election.
Students may also seek support at the Cross Cultural and Gender Center in Thomas Building, room 110A, or call 559.278.4435. For employees: the Employee Assistance Program in Lab School, Room 185, or call 278.1655
For more information about the listening tables, contact Vicki Taylor at 559.278.2083 or for the Dream Center, Encinas at 559.278.1787.
Chamber Choir part of Veterans Day Service
MCJ students honored at scholarship reception


text:
Home Nation World Business Science/Technology Photo Gallery Arts & Culture Special Health VIDEO
Karamay, an oil center in northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, has witnessed great changes over the past 30 years.
The city sprung up after China's first oilfield was discovered in the Gobi Desert on October 29, 1955.
With the help of renovation and the introduction of advanced technology and equipment, Karamay has seen its oil output increase continuously for the last 27 years, from 3.84 million tons in 1981 to 8.21 million tons in the first eight months of 2008. This year Karamay has also produced 2.21 billion cubic meters of natural gas.
To reach the target of sustainable development, in 2001 the city completed a water conservation project that brings in 400 million cubic meters of water every year. The move has prompted local development of big agriculture.
The city now enjoys a modern and diverse industrial system, with the petroleum industry supported by construction, mechanical manufacturing, tourism and tertiary industry.
As the economy developed, environmental quality also improved. By the end of 2007, green areas covered by trees and grass reached 38.7 percent of the city's total area, and the number of days per year meeting first- and second-grade air-quality standards hit over 99 percent. The city thus has won several prizes including the Chinese People Settlement Environment Example, National Environmental Protection City and National Garden City.
The living standard has also improved. Per-capita living space exceeds the national standard of 23 to 34.75 square meters. Karamay's output value hit 51.5 billion yuan ($7.57 billion) in 2007, with its per-capita output value leading among cities nationwide.


Published on July 26th, 2005 by Bojan Janjanin.
Finished the work on the CD portfolio of the tallented Croatian artist Davor Habajec. The website is currently not available on the web, but it will be some time next year. In the meantime, feast your eyes on these rather small, but nonetheless lovely graphics.
One | Two | Three.


text:
package com.manoharprabhu.wellrested;

import com.manoharprabhu.wellrested.service.DatabaseService;
import com.manoharprabhu.wellrested.service.MySQLDatabaseServiceImpl;
import com.manoharprabhu.wellrested.service.SQLServerDatabaseServiceImpl;
import com.manoharprabhu.wellrested.vo.Column;
import com.manoharprabhu.wellrested.vo.Table;
import com.manoharprabhu.wellrested.vo.TableRow;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by manoharprabhu on 12/7/2016.
 */
@RestController
public class MainController {

    private DatabaseService databaseService;

    @PostConstruct
    public void initialize() {
        if(Configuration.databaseType == DatabaseType.MYSQL) {
            this.databaseService = new MySQLDatabaseServiceImpl();
        } else if(Configuration.databaseType == DatabaseType.SQLSERVER){
            this.databaseService = new SQLServerDatabaseServiceImpl();
        }
    }

    /**
     * List the tables available for the selected database
     * @return List of tables
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResponseEntity listOfAvailableTables() {
        List<Table> result = databaseService.getListOfAvailableTables(
                Configuration.database,
                Configuration.hostName,
                Configuration.port,
                Configuration.username,
                Configuration.password
        );
        return ResponseEntity.ok(result);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{table}/columns", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResponseEntity listOfColumnsOnTable(@PathVariable("table") String table) {
        List<Column> result = databaseService.getColumnInformationForTable(
                table,
                Configuration.database,
                Configuration.hostName,
                Configuration.port,
                Configuration.username,
                Configuration.password
        );
        return ResponseEntity.ok(result);
    }

    /**
     *  Payload format:
     *  {
     *      columns: ["col1", "col2", "col3"...],
     *      conditions: {
     *          $and: [
     *              {
     *                  col1: {$lt: 6}
     *              },{
     *                  col2: {$eq: "Fire"}
     *              }
     *          ]
     *      }
     *  }
     * @param table
     * @param payload
     * @return list of rows selected from the table satisfying the condition
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/{table}/getdata", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ResponseEntity selectDataFromTable(@PathVariable("table") String table, @RequestBody(required = false) String payload) {

        JSONObject payloadJSON;
        JSONArray columns;
        JSONObject conditions;
        JSONObject limits;
        if(payload == null) {
            columns = new JSONArray();
            conditions = new JSONObject();
            limits = new JSONObject();
        } else {
            payloadJSON = new JSONObject(payload);
            try {
                columns = payloadJSON.getJSONArray("columns");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                columns = new JSONArray();
            }

            try {
                conditions = payloadJSON.getJSONObject("conditions");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                conditions = new JSONObject();
            }

            try {
                limits = payloadJSON.getJSONObject("limits");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                limits = new JSONObject();
            }
        }

        try {
            List<TableRow> result = databaseService.getDataFromTable(
                    table,
                    Configuration.database,
                    Configuration.hostName,
                    Configuration.port,
                    Configuration.username,
                    Configuration.password,
                    Configuration.databaseType,
                    columns,
                    conditions,
                    limits
            );
            return ResponseEntity.ok(result);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST).body("Check the conditions in JSON for syntax errors.");
        }
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Blackjack Model 7 Saber Black Micarta Knife. 12 1/4" overall length. 7" A-2 Tool Steel Blade. Black Micarta Saber handle with Aluminum guard. Features a lanyard hole. Comes with Brown Genuine Leather belt sheath. Made in the U.S.A.