Arts Business Institute | What's Your Artist Myth?
Have you ever bought into the myth of the starving artist? Perhaps you have convinced yourself of some of these other common myths. Let's put that to rest.
MYTH: My art speaks for itself. I don't need to promote it.
Truth: In the process of an art sale, there are two parties. Half of the equation is the artist who creates the work. The other half is the collector who makes the purchase. A transaction takes place when both parties are satisfied, comfortable and willing to make it. The collector must feel that the value of the artwork he buys is worth more than the money he is paying for it. That collector needs the experience to work for him; what you have to say is a big part of that.
Silence is not your friend when selling artwork. Perhaps your art speaks to you, but the truth is that you must speak to the collector – and probably more than once. Connect with them in your marketing materials, perhaps in person, and through regular communications. You need that buyer to know, like and trust you. In order to do that, it takes time and skill in talking about your art and yourself as the artist.
Are expensive works of art bought on first sight? Hardly. It takes a while to cultivate buyers. Most people will not remember you unless you have reached out to them on multiple occasions. Hone your skills in communication, and promotion. This is what builds successful art businesses.
MYTH: The market is saturated and there is no room for me.
Truth: It can seem a bit overwhelming to throw yourself and your artwork out there in the world. Art is a very personal thing, and artists may feel quite vulnerable. So it's easy to say that there is simply too much competition. That means you don't even have to try.
The truth is that the marketplace for art and handmade goods is huge, and it's global. With hundreds of online venues to help you sell, it's also easy to get involved. Yes, that means that many people are taking advantage of this, and offering work for sale. That doesn't mean that you cannot succeed.
Do you want a piece of the multi-billion dollar market in art and handmade goods? Stake your claim. Build a compelling collection of work, price it profitably, present it to the world professionally and work persistently. Learn from your mistakes, make adjustments and don't give up. You will get traction, and start to build sales and collectors. There is an enormous demand out there, and plenty of room for you as an artist. Overcome this myth and jump in.
MYTH: Artists never make much money anyway.
Truth: There are people in every type of business in the world who make money, and those who don't. Buying in to the myth that you need to be a poor and struggling as an artist is a self-defeating attitude that won't attract business for you.
How can you start earning from sales of your work? First, you need to set a vision and goals for your creative business. And create a plan to reach them step-by-step. It takes discipline, organization and hard work. There are artists who make very good money. Chances are that you know who they are, because they have worked long and hard to become known.
No matter your medium or technique, opportunities are available. You can build a business selling what you make. Turn around this negative myth and see where it takes you!
Now that is a different spin on things! Thanks for sharing, Victoria.


It's St Patrick's Day so we just have to talk about Irish food today. We have two Irish Directors at bartlett mitchell- David and Lin. We were recently treated to an amazing display of Irish Dancing by David James and students from his Irish dancing school at our annual staff thank-you celebration. This entertainment was paired with all sorts of Irish food treats from Irish stew with champ to soda bread and cheese to a delicious Baileys mouse. So you could say it's in our genes. David and Lin's irishness shows in their ready wit around the office and their ability to laugh at life. We asked them to tell us more about the food of their homeland.
Traditionally a land of home cooking, Ireland now has both a vibrant international food culture, and a rekindled interest in classical Irish dishes. Being an island nation like Britain, Ireland shares many connections with the UK's traditional foods and it has had similar influences – for example, the Celts, the Vikings, and foods introduced from new parts of the world over many centuries. The obvious introduction is the potato but Ireland's pastures, hillsides and coastal regions provide a plentiful supply of delicious ingredients, both land farmed and fished.
Home and family have always played a huge part in Irish cuisine with the kitchen seen as the heart of the home. In fact David often talks about this s his earliest memory of growing up, his mother, grandmother and aunts all gathered around the large kitchen table baking for the week. Rustic hearty stews and potato dishes used to be a staple of many Irish families but today, like most European countries, Ireland has a thriving modern food culture.
One of the restaurants Lin loves and always visits when she goes home is Avoca. Avoca believe in using great natural ingredients – some they even grow ourselves; prepared from scratch; with a little bit of adventure; and always offering value. They are a great Irish food success story.
Avoca is proof of another trend you're likely to find in Ireland today which is a sense of getting back to basics and good food provenance. Niche local producers, whether cheese makers, bakers or speciality sausage butchers, are on the rise and even though foods served in restaurants may be very international in flavour, the focus is on buying as many of the ingredients locally as possible.


It has been over two years since The Wonder Years' last released an album, but guess what? These pop punkers are back with a new single and the announcement of their brand new album, No Closer To Heaven. The album, which was recorded and produced by Steve Evetts and mixed by Phil Nicolo, will be released on September 4th via Hopeless Records. Fans can pre-order the album and receive an instant download of the band's new single "Cardinals" by clicking here!
Below you can find the track listing for No Closer To Heaven.


As the automotive industry adopts more autonomous features, the potential for cybersecurity threats in vehicles and between vehicles is on the rise.
ZF, a German auto parts maker, has turned to the Michigan State University College of Engineering with the goal of developing new methods for easing these future threats.
Betty H.C. Cheng, professor of computer science and engineering, will work with ZF to address automotive cybersecurity and safety issues by creating a cybersecurity method to help identify, mitigate and/or prevent threats to automotive systems.
ZF executives visited campus Oct. 5 and brought a $50,000 check to get the project started.
The research will target advanced driver assistance systems, along with connected and automated driving systems. Part of the funding will support a graduate assistant during the project.


Spinal Research is a member of the Association of Medical Research Charities (AMRC) and accredited with the latest audit certificate for best practice in peer review.
Best practice includes demonstrating that a charity has accountability, balance, independent decision-makers, rotation of scientific advisers and impartiality.
Strategy rounds comprise a two stage assessment process. Following a call for proposals, applicants are requested to submit a short Letter of Intent of no more than two pages. This short proposal will be assessed by our internal review panel comprising members from our Scientific Advisory Committee. Proposals are assessed on their relevance to the theme of the call, competitiveness of the proposal and the strength of the applicant(s) research background and environment to deliver the proposed objectives.
Applicants that have been successful at this stage are then invited to submit a full application using one of our application forms. Full applications are peer reviewed using internal and external referees. Reviewers judge the application on relevance to the call, importance of the research proposed, the environment and people involved and the quality of the research plan.
From call to award takes six to seven months.
Applications for a Nathalie Rose Barr studentship grant are assessed through a simple single step process. On receipt of completed proposals applications are peer reviewed using internal and external reviewers.
From call to award takes on average three to four months.
Under the arrangements approved by the Trustees, applications for research grants are put forward and judged exactly as they are received: applications which do not conform to the accepted layout will be returned. In their own interests, therefore, applicants should provide the information requested in the application form as fully and as clearly as possible within the space provided, completing each section of the form as appropriate. Stapled or pinned additions are not acceptable.
The form must be completed in typescript no smaller than 10pt in size which is sufficiently clear (and dark) to ensure good quality reproduction. The applicants should return the completed electronic application form via email no later than 5pm (BST) on the date found at the top of the first page of the form. If there are any queries related to the application, please email the Research Department as soon as possible. Note that faxed applications are not acceptable.
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Successful applicants will be required to submit at minimum, annual progress reports on their work. According to the source of of the grant, additional reports and indication of future goals may be requested. A Final Report is required at the end of the grant and must include a review of the research carried out during the entire project.
The final report must be received within three months of the end of the award and payment of final invoices will be withheld until receipt of final report. All investigators will be expected to disseminate the results of their research in a suitable and timely manner.
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Recommendations on each application are made by the Grant Advisory Committee following a detailed peer review process and applicants will be informed of the outcome as soon as we are able. A grant will not become active until a legal contract has been agreed and signed between Spinal Research and the host Institution that will have responsibility for administering the grant.


We recommend reading our blog posts Web Components - a Great Standard for a Platform Approach and Web Components - Getting started which provides a good overview about Web Components and why we've decided to use Polymer.
If you're new to Polymer the best place to start is at www.polymer-project.org. The Polymer documentation provides some simple guides and tutorials to help you build an element or even build an app from the ground.
"Everything is an element" being Polymer's mantra, we should think of elements as our building blocks when creating an application (and even custom elements themselves). The challenging part is to decide how to break down our application into meaningful elements.
Fortunately Polymer already provides a solid Elements Catalog that follows these general rules and also addresses the most common patterns used in web development with Web Components. The source code of these elements is available on GitHub and is well documented, making this one of the best resources to learn how to use Polymer.
When developing applications with lots of elements and/or involving complex data flows, data binding can become a nightmare very quickly (especially when using two-way binding). There's a nice pattern that we recommend which is well described in this book sample.
"Data rains down from parent to child via attribute binding. Data then evaporates back up in the form of events. And just as in real life, something is very wrong if this cycle is reversed."
In summary, as a rule of thumb, an element should communicate (pass data) to children elements using one-way binding through properties, and the other way around child elements should fire events that parent elements can listen to.
Codelabs "Google codelabs provide guided, tutorial, hands-on coding experiences. Most codelabs will step you through the process of building a small application, or adding a new feature to an existing application."
Polycasts "Learn about the basic building blocks that make up a Polymer application, and see how to compose those elements into buttery smooth mobile experiences. The future of front end development is all here, on the Polycasts playlist!"
Web Component Tester "Makes testing your web components a breeze!"
Polymer Themes "Free Polymer Themes & Templates"
Polymer Projects "List of projects made with Polymer"


Dish opened its doors in the summer of 2002. Located in Plaza Midwood, Dish is known for its southern comfort food. From meatloaf to chicken and dumplings, Dish is known to be a city favorite of most Charlottians.
Walking into Dish, you get an instant feeling of homeliness. Dish is no ordinary restaurant, filled with high end wine and expensive table settings. Instead, the owners of Dish strive to give their customers a warming atmosphere and meal.
First off, all of Dish's entrees come with a biscuit and a deviled egg. And for just a regular biscuit and egg, they actually make you wish you had a whole plate. Fortunately, you can order the deviled eggs as an appetizer, which I now know to do next time. For dinner I order pot roast, mashed potatoes, and mac and cheese. And I was 100% satisfied with my meal, especially the mac and cheese. In Columbia, SC we have a place called Lizards Thicket, which I haven't seen since I moved to Charlotte. However, Dish did a great job with curing my comfort food cravings.
Overall, I rate Dish a 9/10 pretty much everything was great. However, it didn't really make me feel as though it was worth a perfect score. Although everything was great, it didn't give me the full wow factor. I'll definitely be back to eat at Dish though, and I'd recommend it to anyone wanting to get some good old southern food.
Unfortunately, the recording of Dish on Diner's Drive In's, and Dives is no longer on YouTube.


In Fedora there are policies for the usage of cryptographic protocols such as TLS that are enforced system-wide. Each application being added in Fedora must be checked to comply with the policies. Currently the policies are restricted to major libraries such as GnuTLS, OpenSSL, NSS, libkrb5, languages such as Java and major applications like OpenSSH and bind. The rpmlint tool will warn when it detects that some action has to be taken; that detection is based on heuristics and limited to C programs, so manual inspection is recommended. Note however, that there are applications which intentionally set weaker, or custom settings on a purpose (e.g., postfix); those need not adhere to the policy. When in doubt, discuss with the Fedora security team.
New crypto libraries must comply with the crypto policies to enter Fedora, unless an exception has been granted by Fedora packaging committee, after consulting with Fedora security team.
If the application provides a configuration file that allows to modify the cipher list string, ensure that the shipped file contains "PROFILE=SYSTEM" as default. In that case no further action is required.
If the application doesn't have a configuration file, ensure that there is no default cipher list specified, or that the default list is set as "PROFILE=SYSTEM". That is, check the source code for SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(). If it is not present then nothing needs to be done (the default is used). Otherwise, if that call is present and provided a fixed string which does not contain PSK or SRP, replace the string with "PROFILE=SYSTEM", or remove the call.
If the application provides a configuration file that allows to modify the cipher priority string, the shipped file contains "@SYSTEM" as default. In that case no further action is required.
If the application doesn't have a configuration file, ensure that it uses gnutls_set_default_priority(), or that the default priority string is "@SYSTEM". That is, check the source code for gnutls_priority_set_direct(), gnutls_priority_init(); if they are not present and gnutls_set_default_priority() is used, nothing needs to be done. Otherwise check the strings provided by the application. If it contains PSK or SRP do nothing (these applications are not currently covered by the default policy). If not, then replace gnutls_priority_set_direct() with gnutls_set_default_priority(). If gnutls_priority_init() is used instead with a fixed string, replace the string with "@SYSTEM".
Applications utilizing other cryptographic libraries do not adhere to the system wide crypto policies (note that adherence to the system-wide policies is work in progress for NSS libraries). Applications in Fedora should use one of these libraries when there is choice, and preferrably the version recommended by upstream.
Check the source code for passing SSL_cipher_list argument to IO::Socket::SSL's methods like new(), start_SSL(), new_from_fd(), set_defaults(), set_client_defaults(), and set_server_defaults(). If it is not present then nothing needs to be done (the default is used). Otherwise, if that argument is present, remove the argument or change its value as described in OpenSSL section.
Check the source code for CTX_set_cipher_list(), set_cipher_list(), and set_pref_cipher() subroutine calls from Net::SSLeay name space. If such a call presents, follow instructions described in the OpenSSL section.
Check the source code for passing SSL_cipher_list argument to ssl_opts() method call on a LWP::UserAgent object. If such a call presents, follow instructions described in the OpenSSL section.


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Binge-Watching (aka Just When I Thought I Was Out They Pull Me Back In)
August 11, 2016 August 11, 2016 | LizT.
Has this ever happened to you? You innocently start a new show. Maybe someone made a suggestion and it sounded interesting, so you follow the thread to see where it takes you. Once you hit the point of no return, which depending on the show can be anywhere from episode 1 (LOST) to episode 4 or 5 (Buffy the Vampire Slayer), there's no going back. With each new episode you dig a deeper hole that you cannot crawl out of. After the end of each subsequent episode you think to yourself, "this will be the last one for tonight. After all, I have to work tomorrow."
Next thing you know, you're calling in sick to work because, in your heart, you do you feel a little under the weather, come to think of it. Perhaps you've hit a cliff hanger and you can't possibly be expected to put your big girl/boy pants on and adult today. What if she leaves and never finds out he loves her? What if he's really dead? What if the whole town really did explode in that fiery ball of destruction?
So you settle in for a sick day…come to find out there are 10 seasons of this show. It's gonna take a lot more than one measly, little sick day to get you through all the plots your eyes are waiting to behold. But then…a light at the end of the tunnel. A stopping point. A gentle lull in the storyline. It's not that the show has gotten boring, it just allows you to breathe for a moment. You push stop, go to the bathroom, throw some water on your face and remind yourself that you don't live in Sunnydale and you aren't facing an apocalypse. The world is ok and you aren't President Jeb Bartlett or Jack Bauer. It's perfectly alright for you to go ahead and live your life outside of the TV screen.
Maybe you grab a snack and think about something else for a minute, maybe you even make it all the way outside where the sun is still shining and the birds don't even have Netflix.
Then it hits you, that familiar feeling of longing for more, more, more, next, next, next. You look back and forth between nature beckoning you to choose the light and the dark cave that has become your TV watching space. The characters call to you. The darkness calls to you. And just when you thought you were out…they pull you back in.
Farewell world, God knows when we shall meet again. Perhaps there will be another lull in season 8.
Farewell Downton
March 7, 2016 February 1, 2017 | LizT.
Last night we said goodbye to Downton Abbey after 6 seasons of shocks and awww's. It has been a wild ride. And I can't help feeling that we (the fans of Downton) will be hard pressed to find a replacement for this show! There is really nothing else like it out there. And while PBS promises new and exciting programming in our future, unless it's a Downton Abbey spinoff, I just have my doubts since the bar has been set so high.
Photo from PBS.org
With that being said, I have some ideas for Downton Abbey spinoff concepts that I think PBS should really be considering. Here they are…
Finale spoilers ahead…
Charlie and Elsie
The madcap story of Carson and Mrs. Hughes after life at Downton Abbey. I'm thinking they finally open that bed and breakfast they were talking about and adventure ensues. Think of all the wayward stragglers that Carson would have to contend with. It has Emmy written all over it!
Lady Rose Takes America
Photo from RadioTimes.com
Lily James is primed to take over the world right now after the successes of Cinderella and Pride and Prejudice and Zombies. So why not throw her a spinoff? She and Atticus go back to America where they are raising their daughter, Victoria Rachel Cora Aldridge. Rose being Rose, she would absolutely be in the thick of it over there, probably in New York City. And while there she would obviously hook up with Shirley Maclaine's Martha Levison. Sure, they aren't actually related by blood or even marriage, but everyone is family when it comes to Downton Abbey and I'd love to see the sparks fly when Rose and Martha interact.
Isobel and Violet
Photo from LivingAnalog.com
No one deserves a spinoff more than Lady Grantham and her (begrudging at first) bestie, Violet Crawley. Sure, Isobel is primed to marry Lord Merton, but this duo would undoubtedly remain close. They have been through so much together and have come so far in this hilarious and tumultuous friendship. They deserve second life! Perhaps they start solving murders in England. Not sure what they would be doing, but I know that they should be doing it together and that it would be amazing!
The Manny
The finale of Downton Abbey finally saw a happy Thomas Barrow…FINALLY!! Sure, he's taken over as head butler for Carson, but I think he's better suited as Master George's manny. Imagine the absolute adorbs that would come from that pairing! Outings in the park, visits to the city and hopefully one day, Thomas would find romance with someone special pushing the limits of the time period.
Talbot and Branson
Photo from thecultureconcept.com
Branson has long been my favorite character on Downton Abbey. And while Henry Talbot is no Matthew Crawley, I have come to like him and appreciate his friendship with Tom. The fact that they are now in business together makes this concept the easiest of all to accomplish. Mary would obviously make an occasional appearance to check on her husband and her, I'd venture to say, best friend. The automobile industry in the late 1920's going into the 30's would make for incredibly interesting story lines.
Downton Ghost Stories
Photo from stereogum.com
Of course there's the guilty pleasure spinoff that sees the return of the favored dead. Matthew Crawley and Lady Sybil return to haunt the halls of Downton Abbey. It would have to be funny because anything else would just be wrong. Sure, it's the least plausible of the spinoff concepts, but you can't fault me for trying!
What did you think of the Downton Abbey finale?
Platonic Friendlationships
February 23, 2016 | LizT.
Downton Abbey Season 6 Spoilers Ahead…
I confess. As I've watched Downton Abbey the last 2 seasons, I've come to wish that Branson and Mary would try and make a go of it. After all, they get along famously and make each other genuinely better people (especially in Mary's case.) Plus little Sybbie and Master George are growing up together anyways. Why not just go ahead already?
Photo from dailymail.co.uk
But, after Sunday's episode, I have finally accepted that it isn't meant to be. Mainly because Mary married another dude. So all my dreams of the perfect ship have drowned.
In the aftermath of disappointment, a new feeling and deeper understanding of Mary and Branson has taken shape. Theirs is the perfect example of a platonic friendlationship done splendidly right. Possibly the only one on TV that I have ever witnessed. (Arguments could be made for Jerry and Elaine from Seinfeld or Phoebe and Joey from Friends.) See, what happens most of the time (and especially on soap operas) is that man meets woman, man loves woman, man loses woman, man finds new woman, man loves new woman. And the same is true on the women's side as well. Anyone with television watching history knows that the best couples start out either on opposite ends of the spectrum (hating each other) or as the very best of friends (and not realizing they love each other.) Enter Mary Crawley and Tom Branson. Not only did they start out at opposite ends of the spectrum (he a chauffeur, she a rich aristocrat and them hating each other) but after the deaths of not one, but both of their spouses, they became the most unlikely pair of best friends. Hence the thought that they might end up together.
Instead, they remain dear and devoted friends. (In fact, Tom was the best man at both of Mary's weddings. Chew on that one!) They are friends who love one another deeply, but who didn't so much as look sideways at one another in a romantical way (despite my fervent prayers for it to happen.) Perhaps it was because he was married to her sister. It could be that the class lines just couldn't be crossed. But I think it's because sometimes, every once in a while, men and women can truly just be friends and nothing more.
I have to say, this has not been my experience. If I haven't had feelings (unwanted or otherwise) for a guy, a guy has had feelings (unwanted or otherwise) for me. In fact, the best friend I have, who is of the male species, is my brother.
Platonic Friendlationships are very hard to come by. And harder to keep. Which is why Mary and Branson not getting together (and fulfilling my hopes and dreams) is a really, really good thing. I often desperately need to be reminded that men and women can be friends without the mushy stuff getting in the way. That it isn't all about roses and rainbows and kisses in the rain. Sometimes it's about honesty and kindness and a person you can rely on to always be there, even when it's hard.
Photo from gpb.org
(Deep breath and shoulder shrug) I wish it was as easy as having a team of writers craft the perfect scenario and just being directed to follow a script. If that were the case, then maybe I could have written it so that the men who've come into my life could have just been my friends. There would be no suspicion of ulterior motives. There would be no longing for something more. Just friendship at it's finest. Honestly, I don't even know what that would look like. Girl friends, I get. But boys? I'm 33 and I still can't figure them out!
I will take a lesson from Tom Branson and Mary Crawley (I suppose I need to get used to calling her Mary Talbot now?) I will keep hope alive that men aren't always trying to get into my pants. That maybe there's a Branson out there who just wants to be in my life and see me happy, even if it isn't with him. Perhaps especially if it isn't with him. Hey, a girl can dream, can't she?
A Well Built Ship
October 28, 2015 October 28, 2015 | LizT.
I was watching an episode of Gilmore Girls (ok I watched 7) and I'll admit, I had a momentary lapse. It was an episode from season 7, near the end of the show and Lorelai was married to Christopher.
I sent a hasty tweet that said:
"Ok, I l-l-love Luke and Lorelai,
but I coulda been very happy
with her and Christopher too."
He's always been a charming man, albeit a bit of a flake. And while I truly think he loved Lorelai and Rory, he just wasn't good at that whole being a steady, stable family man thing. He was a hurricane. Plain and simple. And so is Lorelai, so in essence (and according to my theory) they could never have successfully and happily belonged together. Fast forward to season 7 and he is finally attempting the seeming impossible. Going house shopping, wooing the good townspeople of Star's Hollow, playing dad to Rory and Gigi, but it never feels quite right…this domesticated version of Charming Christopher. And Lorelai isn't happy…we know she isn't.
In stark contrast, you have Luke Danes. Steadfast townie. If there is a man in Star's Hollow who understands commitment, it is Luke. He owns his own diner (in the building his father owned.) He kept his father's boat. He commits to help Jess, his sister's son. He even committed hard core to that blue baseball cap that Lorelai gave him in season 1. He never leaves. Never abandons his post. He's there at the diner every morning to get the Gilmore Girls their beloved cups of coffee till the very last episode.
*Print from LetsAllMakeBelieve Etsy shop
Is there trouble in paradise when Luke and Lorelai finally get together? You bet. It's a good ship. And good ships are built to withstand the harsh conditions.
*Photo from Nautical Wheeler
Luke is thrown when he discovers that he has a daughter who he knew nothing about. Sure, that's gonna shock a guy. Like I said, Luke's problem isn't commitment. But a case could be made for his shortcomings in the area of communication. Years of unrequited feelings…yeah, communicating wasn't his strong suit.
Yes, Luke and Lorelai could have had a healthy, happy, ride-into-the-sunset ship. We all would have been very ok with that. But Luke lies about April and cuts Lorelai out of decisions and Lorelai sleeps with Christopher and then marries him. They both makes huge, hurtful mistakes.
In the end, they are a stronger ship for the mistakes they make, for the struggles they face.
Now as I've said before (click here) I've watched a lot of TV. I should go ahead and capitalize that because I truly means A LOT. And I think I'm gonna go on record and say that Luke and Lorelai's relationship is one of the very best in television history.
They start as friends. Great friends. They are there for one another as relationship after relationship falls apart. And they get things wrong sometimes. It's one of the most realistic television relationships of all time.
Don't be fooled into thinking that the lesson here is "love conquers all." It doesn't always. Sometimes it can't. But love reminds you of the good. Love forgives the wrongs and love fights like hell to survive no matter how much we try to kill it. (Just look at the divorce rate. And even the divorces of both Luke and Lorelai.)
I only hope that they are still experiencing those highs and lows together when the Gilmore Girls revival hits Netflix next year.
And I also hope that Rory finds or found someone who can live up to the father figure she had in Luke Danes.
30 Days of Nerdy Hair – Day 17
June 17, 2015 June 17, 2015 | LizT.
Day 17 – Jeannie from I Dream of Jeannie
Out of all the classic 50's and 60's TV shows, I think I Dream of Jeannie is probably my favorite one. Sure, it wasn't exactly a tale of women's liberation. But Barbara Eden as Jeannie was delightful and her never ending efforts to end up with Major Nelson made for very funny television. Plus she was pushing the fashion envelope at the time with her harem pants and crop top! Gotta love a genie with good fashion sense!
I won't be saying "Yes, Master" all day, but I will try to grant as many wishes as are within my power! Making people happy sounds like fun! (within reason… don't get fresh!)
Your wish is my command!
Day 15: Kimmy Gibbler from Full House
A couple months ago, the news broke that Netflix and John Stamos were working on a Full House spin off, Fuller House. Not only will Candace Cameron Bure's, DJ Tanner be coming back to the small screen, but her sister Stephanie (Jodie Sweetin) and of course, DJ's best fried, the one and only Kimmy Gibbler (Andrea Barbara) will return as well. (Is anyone else as excited for this show as I am??)
The key to Kimmy Gibbler hair is stacked scrunchies and volume. If you have curly hair, let it run free. If you have straighter hair, tease that sucker till it stands on it's own. Then stack those scrunchies on top of your head and bam… you are officially rocking the Kimmy Gibbler.
Day 14: Gidget from Gidget
With summer fast approaching (summer officially begins on Sunday, June 21st), one can't help but think of sunny beaches, surfer waves and summer swimwear. Gidget is the perfect avatar for the summer season. Her gee-golly gosh goodness will get you ready to do the Twist!
To perfect your summer Gidget hair, you'll need bangs, pigtails and white or pink ribbon. Then you'll be ready for some fun in the sun!!!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Glonn is a market town in the Ebersberg district in Upper Bavaria, Germany, about  southeast of Munich.

Geography
The market town of Glonn is a health spa (Erholungsort), and the Glonn Valley is ringed by wooded hills, carved by the former Inn Glacier. To the south, the Alps are clearly visible on the horizon.

The rivers Glonn,  and Schrannenbach rise within Glonn's municipal area, where the lake Kastensee is also to be found. Just inside the neighbouring community of Moosach lies the Steinsee, another lake. Glonn is also home to three protected areas.

The community of Glonn includes nine small villages: Adling, Balkham, Frauenreuth, Haslach, Mattenhofen, Kastenseeon, Reinstorf, Schlacht, Steinhausen and Wetterling.

Neighbouring communities
Glonn's immediate neighbours are the communities of Baiern, Bruck, Egmating, Moosach and Oberpframmern, which together with Glonn form an administrative community (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft).

The town of Grafing and the centres of Kirchseeon, Zorneding and Höhenkirchen-Siegertsbrunn are about 15 km away. Nevertheless, it is there that regional and long-distance rail service is to be found.

Glonn lies roughly 30 km from the cities of Munich and Rosenheim.

History
Early settlement in the New Stone Age is witnessed by a number of finds, among them a dwelling pit, weapons and jewellery. The town's name derives from the Celtic description of the local river Glana – "Clear".

In a donation document signed by the bishop of Freising on 21 March 774, Glonn is named as "Glan"; this is taken to be the earliest evidence of the town's founding. From about 1015, it is known that there was a local lordly family called "da Glana", and in 1349, the building register Monumenta Boica mentioned the Church of St. Johann zu Glan.

The name changed during the 16th century to "Glon" and then later to "Glonn", as it is still known now.

In 1632, during the Thirty Years' War, the Swedes burnt Glonn almost down to the ground. It took a very long time for the town to build itself back up again. Only in 1823, almost two centuries after the fire, was the new church finished and consecrated.

Since 1901, Glonn has had market rights and has had leave to hold yearly markets. Since 1908 there has been electricity, generated at the town's own power station by water power in some of the former mills. By 1914, 50% of Glonn's households were supplied.

Glonn shifted from a mainly agrarian village with little in the way of crafts to a modern minor centre with trade and crafts for the other nearby communities. Agriculture has sharply shrunk in importance.

After World War II Glonn was a refugee destination for those driven out of their homelands, those whose homes were bombed out and those who had been evacuated, and this new inflow of people eventually grew to become more than a third of the town's population. Many new houses had to be built, and in 1959 it became necessary to name the streets once the house numbering system in use up to the time was no longer useful for distinguishing addresses.

Religion

The town has a Catholic parish church (St. Johannes Baptist) and an Evangelical church (Christuskirche, modern, built 1968), each a centre of a corresponding parish.

John the Baptist as church patron points to an early Christian baptismal church. Already by 1600 there was a Gothic church in the middle of the village. The current parish church's sacristy is a remnant of this earlier house of worship.

Politics

Town council
The following parties and one local political organization are active:
 Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
 Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU)
 Freie Wähler (FW)
 Kommunalpolitischen Arbeitskreis (KOMMA), who form a common list with the SPD at elections.

On town council, the SPD/KOMMA has 5 seats,  and the CSU has 8. Including Major (as at July 2014).

Coat of arms
Glonn's arms might heraldically be described thus: In argent a four-spoked waterwheel sable above which a trout azure finned Or.

The waterwheel and the trout refer to the area's wealth in water and the seven former cornmills that were so important to the local economy.

Town partnership
 With the French village of Bonnefamille, contact was established in 1998 and led to alternating visits of clubs and delegations.

At the beginning of 2007, an intra-Bavarian partnership with the community of Markt Schwaben in the same district was established. The goal of this unusual pairing is to be the dovetailing of regions in the northern and southern parts of the district that are otherwise split by the Ebersberg Forest.

Culture and sightseeing

Theatre
Every year in the autumn, the Glonn Costume Club's (Trachtenverein Glonn) theatre show is held at the Neuwirtssaal. The amateur players present several locally themed plays in Bavarian dialect.

Museums

Heimatmuseum
The Heimatmuseum Glonn ("Glonn Homeland Museum"), open at many times of the year, offers a glimpse into the town's history. Alongside artefacts from prehistory, the visitor may wonder at paintings and books by local artists and writers. The writer Lena Christ's home life may be glimpsed in a faithfully reconstructed room at the museum.

Technological monument
The Stegmühle Glonn ("Glonn Footbridge Mill") technological monument in the Mühltal houses the electricity-generating pumphouse (piston pumps from the firm M.A.N.) preserved in the original form from 1906, still fully functional after more than a hundred years.

Until the mid-1990s, this apparatus was still generating electricity and feeding it into the local grid. Since then, however, it has fallen into disuse, but may be viewed on request to the owner who lives at the mill.

Buildings

Schloss Zinneberg
Schloss Zinneberg, a local castle lying on the town's eastern outskirts on a prominent knoll on its namesake mountain, the Zinneberg, can nowadays only just be made out through the thick woods that have grown there. Its history most likely stretches back to the 11th century, although its origins are quite uncertain. Only in 1332, in a donation document to the noble family of Preysing, was the placename "Zinnenberg" reliably mentioned. As time passed, the castle found itself owned by several noble families who were influential in Bavaria.

In 1350, Otto von Pienzenau became by marriage Lord of Zinneberg. The castle's ownership then passed in 1596, once again by marriage, to the Fugger family, in whose hands it remained for the next 230 years. In 1632, during the Thirty Years' War, Schloss Zinneberg was burnt down. At this time arose the legend that a secret passage, allegedly still existing today, between the castle and the town afforded some of the castle's inhabitants an escape to safety. Already by 1640, Count Johannes Friedrich, himself a Fugger, had the castle rebuilt. In 1825, the castle was bought by Bavarian Electress Maria Leopoldine, who was married to Count Ludwig of Arco. She had it remodelled to her own tastes, and the castle is still mostly in this form today. From 1850 to 1868, the castle was owned by the Marquis Fabio von Pallavicini, who in turn sold it to Friedrich Wilhelm Scanzoni von Lichtenfels. In 1898,  became the new lord of the castle. He was responsible for further expansions to the building, which still lend the castle a feudal character today.

Some of the town's street names recall these noble families ("Preysingstr.", "Pienzenauer Str.", "Fuggerstr.", "Arcostr.", "von-Scanzoni-Str.", "Büssingstr.").

On 14 September 1927 the castle was bought for 735,000 Reichsmarks by the Sisters of the Good Shepherd (Schwestern vom guten Hirten), who run it today as a residential school for girls from difficult social backgrounds. They also run a kindergarten there.

During the First World War, part of the castle was used as a military hospital with 60 beds. After the Second World War broke out, the training building was confiscated as a reserve Wehrmacht field hospital. In the Cold War, underground bunkers were built whose foreseen use was as a stationary auxiliary hospital.

Pfarrkirche St. Johann Baptist
The "Pfarrkirche St. Johann Baptist" (St. John the Baptist Parish Church) stands out prominently in the middle of town when one comes into Glonn from one of the surrounding hills.

After the old church was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War, a new church was begun about 1768, but finished and consecrated only in 1823. It is built in the Rococo style and contains altar figures and a crucifix with Schmerzhafte Muttergottes ("Mater Dolorosa") by the artist Joseph Götsch (a student of Ignaz Günther). In 1994 the church was completely renovated.

Convent school
In 1899, building work began on a girls' school in downtown Glonn, and on 24 October 1902 it was handed over to the then mayor "for the purpose of a girls' school to be run by Catholic sisters". This task was taken on by the nuns of the Maria Stern convent from Augsburg.

In the Third Reich, however, they were expelled from the school on 25 March 1937. This led to fierce protests by the girls' parents and in the end drew the Gestapo's attention when somebody put what is known locally as a Pfingstlümmel (a straw "Whitsun doll") on the neighbouring boys' school roof on Whitsunday. It was wearing a brown shirt such as was commonly worn by SA men, and also a Communist cap.

The nuns were able to start classes again after the war ended. As of 1964, there were mixed classes.

In the mid-1970s, the town acquired the convent and school building that had since been forsaken. Sometime later it was converted into a cultural and social centre for the community. The Homeland Museum mentioned above was given a home on the top floor. The "Altenstube" on the ground floor affords senior citizens a social venue. Also found in the building are the local chapter of the Bavarian Red Cross and a daycare centre. In the basement, a youth centre has been set up. For a time, the old classrooms were even once again used as such when the neighbouring elementary school needed overflow room to handle great numbers of pupils who were threatening to burst the school's seams.
However, most of the building nowadays is used as a kindergarten, together with a newly built building in the former park nearby.

The old chapel with its sacristy and siderooms in the west part of the building is now used as an exhibition gallery. One can also rent the room for events. The community offers it as an attractive alternative to the registry office for civil marriage ceremonies.

Exhibitions and galleries
The Galerie in der Klosterschule offers artists a platform for their work with regular thematic exhibitions.

In the Schrottgalerie Friedel ("Friedel Scrap Metal Gallery") one can find all kinds of odd things made by a Glonn artist who makes sculptures out of scrap metal, which have already found a lasting place in many households. The Steinbeißer ("Stonebiter"), as tall as a man and found on the way into town right next to the car dealership of the same name, comes from this workshop.

Die kleine Galerie is a further platform for various artists.

Sport and leisure facilities
In the school building is maintained a small indoor swimming pool, which may also be used by the public.

Various sporting grounds serve bodily fitness. The central school sporting ground and the football field in the constituent community of Adling are used for training and league games by the ASV's (Allgemeiner Sportverein – "Common Sport Club") football teams. A basketball court is also open to the town's youth outside school hours, as are the two football pitches, each furnished with goals. A tennis court is also available. Two public children's playgrounds fill out Glonn's sport and leisure facilities.

The scenic countryside around the town invites hikers and cyclists, and when there is enough snow, the winter sport club runs a well groomed cross-country ski loop. Two small lifts at the Finkenhöhe are used by skiers. The lakes in the area afford bathing in the summer and skating in the winter.

Many guesthouses and beer gardens round out the town's offerings for visitors.

Regular events
Since 1901, the town has been having "Market Day" four times a year on the third Sunday before Lent, on the Sunday before Whitsun, on the first Sunday in August and on the first Sunday in October. Moreover, there is a Christkindlmarkt ("Christ Child Market") on the second Sunday of Advent, and regular farmer's markets are held on the second Saturday of every month from May to October.

On one Saturday in mid-July, visitors to the Nachtflohmarkt ("Night Flea Market") throng through the main street, mostly by candlelight and lantern light.

Known far and wide is the Glonner Dorffest ("Glonn Village Festival") which has been put on by the bigger clubs in Glonn since 1992 (Friday to Monday on the first weekend in the Bavarian summer holidays). Since many Glonners actually belong to one of these clubs, a good time is assured.

Economy and infrastructure

Transport
Glonn's municipal area is crossed by district roads (Kreisstraßen) EBE 13 and EBE 14 as well as state roads (Staatsstraßen) St 2079 and St 2351. The nearest interchanges with the Bundesautobahn 99 are not far away.

Connections with neighbouring communities are provided by several buslines, which also afford connections with Munich S-Bahn lines S4 and S6 in the Munich Transport and Tariff Association. Glonn lies in this system's outermost fare zone.

By 1894, the local railway line between Grafing station and Glonn reached its end point at Glonn. The line was, however, abandoned in 1970 owing to low ridership. Now found where the old railway station was is a large-scale bus station with two waiting room buildings and several bus bays. The name Bahnhofplatz – "Railway Station Square" – has been retained. The railway embankment can still be seen running through the Glonn Valley to Moosach. A plan to turn it into a cycling path has never been realized.

Munich Airport (MUC) is roughly 60 km away.

Established businesses
The following enterprises employing 50 or more workers each are to be found in Glonn:
 Busreisen Ettenhuber GmbH (bus trips)
 Glonntaler Fleisch- und Wurstwaren GmbH (meat and sausages)
 Hans Brunner GmbH & Co. KG (chocolate moulds)
 Herrmannsdorfer Landwerkstätten (handmade "ecological-quality" foods, Herrmannsdorfer Schweinsbräu brewery)
 MVG Voglrieder GmbH (furniture shop specializing in rattan and wooden furniture)

Public institutions
Glonn is seat of the community administration and of the administrative community (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft) of Glonn.

The State Council Office (Landratsamt), the court (Amtsgericht), police headquarters and other authorities responsible for Glonn are in Ebersberg.

Ebersberg notaries each hold, as a rule, a monthly office day at Glonn's town hall.

The local health insurance company offers advice every month at the town hall.

Education
 Volksschule Glonn (Grundschule and Hauptschule)
 Musikschule/Volkshochschule Grafing/Ebersberg
 Girls' boarding school at the "Good Shepherdesses'" convent, Schloß Zinneberg

Other institutions
 Gemeindebücherei Glonn
 Bürgersaal
 Kindergartens:
 Pfarrkindergarten (parish)
 AWO-Kindergarten (workers' welfare)
 KiJuFa-Kindergarten
 Kindergarten der Herrmannsdorfer Landwerkstätten
 Kinderhort und Mittagsbetreuung Glonn (daycare)
 Caritas-Seniorenheim "Marienheim" (home for the elderly)

Notable people

Sons and daughters of the town
 Michael and Johann Beham, artists and restaurateurs
 Wolfgang Wagner senior (15 February 1834 — 6 February 1902), Member of Bavarian Landtag and the Reichstag
 Wolfgang Wagner junior (9 May 1865 — 8 August 1912), Member of Bavarian Landtag for the German Centre Party 1907-1912
 Lena Christ (30 October 1881 —  30 June 1920), writer
 Prof. Dr. Max Lebsche (11 September 1886 — 22 September 1957), physician, heart surgery pioneer, founder and chief doctor of the Maria-Theresia-Klinik in Munich
 Georg Lanzenberger (born 1897), painter
 Karl Koller (22 February 1898 — 22 December 1951), pilot, distance record in 1921 in gliding with 5 km, first 360°-circle flight without loss of height in a glider in 1921, last Chief of the Luftwaffe General Staff in the Second World War from November 1944 until war's end in 1945
 Wolfgang Koller (6 November 1904 — 28 April 1974), teacher, writer and poet
 Bernhard Koller, lyricist
 Richard Gürteler (23 June 1936 — 22 October 2000), master baker, Member of Bavarian Landtag 1974-1994
 Dr. Roland Koller, Police President in the Munich Police Presidium 1988-2003, State Secretary in the Lower Saxony Interior Ministry 2003-2006

Other well-known citizens
 Franz Kaltner (8 May 1721 – 9 September 1766), priest and composer
 Hans Ernst, (1904–1984), local writer
 Gerda Bialas (1906–1995), singer
 Prof. Günter Bialas (1907–1995), composer
 Karl Ludwig Schweisfurth (born 30 July 1930), entrepreneur, pioneer of ecological food creation and processing, founder of the Schweisfurth Foundation and the Herrmansdorfer Landwerkstätten
 Susanne Osthoff (born 7 March 1962), archaeologist, seized and held hostage for three weeks in Iraq in November 2005 (her last known German address before this, until May 2005, was in Glonn)

Further reading
 Bildband "Glonn im Wandel der Zeit", 1. Auflage 1988, Geiger-Verlag Horb am Neckar,
 Maria Sedlmair (Hrsg.): "Glonn - meine Heimat", 1. Auflage 1991, Selbstverlag: Maria Sedlmair, Senderstr. 30, 85737 Ismaning
 Hans Obermair: "Glonner Geschichte und Geschichten", 1. Auflage 1999, Herausgeber im Selbstverlag: CSU Glonn, Grottenweg 5, 85625 Glonn
Johann-B. Niedermair "Glonn und Umgebung"  1. Auflage 1939 Salesianerverlag München 11, Nachdruck 1989 durch Kulturverein Glonn. Zu beziehen über Gemeinde Glonn
 Wolfgang Koller "Geschichte und Geschichten" Festschrift zum 1200-Jahre Jubiläum 1974, herausgegeben von der Marktgemeinde Glonn
Rudolf Gerer "100 Jahre Klosterschule Glonn" Selbstverlag Kulturverein 85625 Glonn 2002,
Kulturverein Glonn eV, Wanderkarte Markt Glonn und Umgeb. 2004, zu beziehen bei Marktgemeinde Glonn
Hans Obermair, "Glonn und Lena Christ" Herausgeber Kulturverein Glonn 2006, zu beziehen über die Marktgemeinde Glonn
Hans Obermair, "300 Jahre Kirche Frauenreuth", Herausgeber Pfarrei Glonn 2007, zu beziehen über Pfarramt 85625 Glonn.

References

External links
 Official website

Ebersberg (district)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Each guitar piece is made of a different wood, with peculiar characteristics, some with acoustic, structural or aesthetic purposes.
Most important ones are those use don top, sides, back, fingerboard, neck and bridge.
In my guitars I use Brazilian Cedar for neck, Ebony or Granadilla for fingerboard and Brazilian Rosewood for bridge.


text:
Rivalba é uma comuna italiana da região do Piemonte, província de Turim, com cerca de 966 habitantes. Estende-se por uma área de 10 km², tendo uma densidade populacional de 97 hab/km². Faz fronteira com Castagneto Po, San Raffaele Cimena, Gassino Torinese, Casalborgone, Sciolze, Cinzano.

Demografia

Comunas de Turim (província)


Radiotherapy side effects could soon be a thing of the past. Thanks to a breakthrough by University of South Australia (UniSA) and Harvard University researchers.
UniSA biomedical engineer Professor Benjamin Thierry is leading an international study using organ-on-a-chip technology to develop 3D models to test the effects of different levels and types of radiation.
A microfluidic cell culture chip closely mimics the structure and function of small blood vessels within a disposable device the size of a glass slide, allowing researchers and clinicians to investigate the impact of radiotherapy on the body's tissues.
To date, scientists have relied on testing radiotherapy on cells in a two-dimensional environment on a slide.
Professor Thierry, from UniSA's Future Industries Institute (FII) and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology (CBNS), says the organ-on-a-chip technology could reduce the need for animal studies and irrelevant invitro work, both of which have major limitations.
"An important finding of the study is that endothelial cells grown in the standard 2D culture are significantly more radiosensitive than cells in the 3D vascular network. This is significant because we need to balance the effect of radiation on tumour tissues while preserving healthy ones," Prof Thierry says.
The findings, published in Advanced Materials Technologies, will allow researchers to fully investigate how radiation impacts on blood vessels and - soon - all other sensitive organs.
"The human microvasculature (blood vessel systems within organs) is particularly sensitive to radiotherapy and the model used in this study could potentially lead to more effective therapies with fewer side effects for cancer patients," Prof Thierry says.
More than half of all cancer patients receive radiotherapy at least once in the course of their treatment. While it cures many cancers, the side effects can be brutal and sometimes lead to acute organ failure and long-term cardiovascular disease.
Prof Thierry's team, including UniSA FII colleague Dr Chih-Tsung Yang and PhD student Zhaobin Guo, are working in close collaboration with the Royal Adelaide Hospital and Harvard University's Dana-Farber Cancer Institute with the support of the Australian National Fabrication Facility.
"Better understanding the effect of radiotherapy on blood vessels within organs - and more generally on healthy tissues - is important, especially where extremely high doses and types of radiation are used," Dr Yang says.
The researchers' next step is to develop body-on-chip models that mimic the key organs relevant to a specific cancer type.
In the brain of Parkinson's patients, the progressive loss of neurons is slow yet inexorable and there are no drugs that can halt this insidious process.
Radiosurgery, also called Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS), is a procedure that uses a beam of radiation to treat cancer of the brain, spinal cord and other parts of the body using a Gamma Knife® or CyberKnife®. Radiosurgery can be carried out by a linear accelerator (LINAC), which uses CyberKnife® or TrueBeam® radiotherapy systems. Other radiotherapy technologies include Gamma Knife® and Proton therapy.


Everyone thinks they know what geraniums are and what they smell like. However, you'd probably be wrong! Most plants that we tend to think of as geraniums are in fact pelargoniums, and of the 700 + varieties of pelargonium, only around 10 of them produce enough essential oil to be extracted.
It smells floral and almost slightly spicy and has distinctly different uses emotionally and physically. It is an uplifting oil which has a great all-over balancing effect on the mind. It helps to sort out emotions - where it helps to relieve feelings of stress and anxiety, and helps with mild depression.
Its effects on the autonomic nervous system and adrenal cortex mean that it appears to help with hormonal imbalances making it especially useful for women who are pre-menstrual, menopausal or who suffer from some other form of hormonal imbalance.
Physically it's quite interesting that something that smells so good can be so versatile. It is excellent for use in skincare; as part of a cream it is good for eczema, acne, and shingles. Its wound healing abilities mean it can be used to help prevent and dissipate scar tissue - again, used in a base oil or cream. This also makes it useful when treating ulcers and minor burns and scalds where it helps in reducing inflammation. It seems to help promote cell health and encourages the recycling of dead cells and regeneration of new ones. Its ability to improve circulation mean that it has been used to help with chillblains and frostbite. It acts as a natural deodorant - probably the combination of its pleasant smell, ability to regulate sebum production, and astringent anti bacterial and anti microbial qualities.
It is considered to be a diuretic, which means that it increases urination. Now you're probably thinking that's a bad thing, right? Wrong. Urination is the most effective of the three natural ways to remove toxins from the body - the others are excretion and perspiration. Beware though - there are many naturally occurring diuretics in nature including pineapple juice, garlic and leafy green vegetables: if you overdo diuretics you become dehydrated, so keep up your fluid intake!


Will there be much disturbance in my house if I get Heat Hero fitted?
Heat Hero is fitted to your existing pipework where you already have your circulation pump installed. This is usually in your hot-press. It takes approximately 4-5 hours to install Heat Hero.


Originally Published: March 23, 2019 7:15 p.m.
Leonard Clarence Scamardo passed away from congestive heart failure on Feb. 18, 2019, in Scottsdale, Arizona. He was born to Salvatore Scamardo and Alice Montgomery Scamardo on Oct. 31, 1931, in Utica, New York.
His younger brother was Richard Scamardo and an adopted brother William Seifert. Len attended Proctor High School and Syracuse University. On Sept. 11, 1954, he married Marion Shong in her hometown of Worcester, Massachusetts. They lived in Whitesboro, New York, and raised three daughters.
Len had a 40-year career in residential and commercial real estate with Pyramid Companies, Sambos, Checker Auto, and Lucky stores nationwide.
In 1979, they moved to Scottsdale and eventually settled in Prescott. Len retired from Commercial Real Estate and went into business with his daughter, Alessandra, in 1987. They opened Sun West Gallery and Bead-it! This partnership lasted 25 years.
Len became involved in Prescott politics from 1994-2016. He held positions on the City of Prescott Advisory and Appeals Board, Planning and Zoning Commission, Prescott City Council, and Prescott Unified Code Development Committee.
Len loved golf and was a volunteer golf course Ranger at the Prescott Antelope Golf Course for over 20 years.
He is survived by his wife, Marion; his three daughters and three sons-in-law, Maria and David Derminio of Carefree, Arizona, Alessandra and Dr. Richard Collison of Prescott, Arizona, and Carolyn and William McClure of St. Louis, Missouri; nine grandchildren, nine great-grandchildren and numerous family and friends.
A Celebration of Len's life will be held at the Prescott Centennial Center near the Antelope Hills Golf Course in Prescott from 5:30 to 7:30 p.m. Thursday, April 18, 2019. Please RSVP to 928-713-9781 by Saturday, April 13, for a kitchen count.


text:
Reactores II
Examen 1
VTN
At what point in an axial-flow turbojet engine will thw highest gas pressures occur? At the turbine entrance. Within the burner section. At the compressor outlet.
One function of the nozzle diaphragm in a turbine engine is to Decrease the velocity of exhaust gases. Center the fuel spray in the combustion chamber. Direct the flow of gases to strike the turbine blades at the desired angle.
The fan rotational speed of a dual axial compressor forward fan engine is the same as the low-pressure compressor. forward turbine wheel. high-pressure compressor.
The abbreviation Pt7 used in turbine engine terminology means the total pressure. pressure and temperature at station No. 7. the total pressure at station No. 7.
Which statement is true regarding jet engines? At the lower engine speeds, thrust increases rapidly with small increases in RPM. At the higher engine speeds, thrust increases rapidly with small increases in RPM. The thrust delivered per pound of air consumed is less at high altitude than at low altitude.
Some high-volume turboprop and turbojet engines are equipped whit two-spool or split compressors. When these engine are operated at high altitudes, the low-pressure rotor will increase in speed as the compressor load decreases in the lower density air. throttle must be retarded to prevent overspeeding of the high-pressure rotor due to the lower density air. low-pressure rotor will decrease in speed as the compressor load decreases in the lower density air.
Turbine nozzle diaphrams located on the upstream side of each turbine wheel, are used in the gas turbine engine to decrease the velocity of the heated gases flowing past this point. direct the flow of gases parallel to the vertical line of the turbine blades. increase the velocity of the heated gases flowing past this point.
Where is the highest gas pressure in a turbojet engine? At the outlet of the tailpipe section. At the entrance of the turbine section. In the entrance of the burner section.
What is the function of the stator vane assembly at the discharge end of a typical axial-flow compressor? To straighten airflow to eliminate turbulence. To direct the flow of gases into the combustion chambers. To increase air swirling motion into the combustion chambers.
The turbine section of a jet engine increases air velocity to generate thrust forces. utilizes heat energy to expand and accelerate the incoming gas flow. drives the compressor section.
When starting a turbine engine, a hot start is indicated if the exhaust gas temperature exceeds specified limits. an excessively lean mixture is likely to cause a hot start. release the starter switch as soon as indication of lights-off occurs.
In the dual axial-flow or twin spool compressor system, the first stage turbine drives the N(1) and N(2) compressors. N(2) compressor N(1) compressor.
When starting a turbine engine, a hung start is indicated if the engine exhaust gas temperature exceeds specified limits. fails to reach idle RPM. RPM exceeds specified operating speed.
A turbine engine is __________ (more or less) tolerant of improper starting procedures than a reciprocating engine. more less.
The hazard area is considered to extend ____ feet behind an idling turbojet engine and____ feet behind one that is developing takeoff power. 100, 200 200, 100.
It is dangerous to be closer than ________ feet to the inlet ducts of any operating turbojet orturbofan engine. 25 35 45.
When a turbine engine is being started, the ignition sparks occur ________ (before or after) the fuel is sprayed into the combustion chambers. before after.
A proper light-up is indicated by a rapid rise in ________ . EGT EPR.
Three instruments that should be monitored when starting a turbine engine are: a._____________ b._____________ c._____________ a. EGT indicator b. tachometer c. oil pressure gage a. EGT indicator b. tachometer c. EPR indicator.
A hot start is normally caused by a fuel-air mixture that is too _______ (rich or lean). rich lean.
A hung, or false, start is usually caused by a malfunction of the ___ ___ ____ (fuel control or starter). fuel control starter.
Two methods of determining when a turbine engine should be given a routine inspection are: a.___________ b.___________ a. operating hours b. operating cycles a. operating maintenace b. operating cycles.
A sequence of events that consists of an engine start, takeoff, landing, and shutdown is called a/an____________________ . operating hours operating cycles operating maintenance.
Engines operated on an approved on-condition maintenance schedule ______ (are or are not)required to be overhauled when a specific number of operational cycles have been reached. are are not.
Trend monitoring compares the current operating conditions of an engine with standard base line conditions that were recorded by the engine __________ or __________ when the engine was run in the test cell. manufacturer, overhauler maintenance, overhauler manufacturer, maintenance.
Inspection of the inside of a turbine engine installed on the aircraft is possible by using a/an _________________ . borescope X ray.
Inspection of the inside of a turbine engine is done through __________ provided by the engine manufacturer. borescope parts fuel nozzle.
Before the ignition system is checked on a preflight inspection, the engine must be motored with the starterto move air through the engine and completely purge it of any __________ . fuel vapors oil vapors fuel.
Three components of the cold section of a turbofan engine are: a. --------------------------- b. --------------------------- c. --------------------------- a. fan b. compressors c. diffuser a. fan b. combustion chamber c. air outlet a. diffuser b. air inlet c. air outlet.
Two indications of a dirty compressor are: a. --------------------------- b. --------------------------- a. high EGT b. unsatisfactory acceleration a. low EGT b. unsatisfactory acceleration a. high EGT b. over-acceleration.
Two types of liquid washing of a turbine engine compressor are: a. ________________________ b. ________________________ a. desalination washing b. performance-recovery washing a. high pressure washing b. desalination washing a. low pressure washing b. desalination washing.
Two types of field cleaning of a turbine engine compressor are: a. __________________ b. __________________ a. grit blasting b. liquid washing a. gas washing b. grit blasting a. grit washing b. liquid washing.
The most frequently used method of field cleaning a compressor is to wash it with ________________ water and a cleaning fluid. demineralized pure.
If the engine is run for a performance-recovery compressor washing, it is operated at ______________(idle or takeoff) RPM. idle takeoff.
The amount of repair that can be made to a compressor blade is detailed in the ________. engine service manual aircraft service manual maintenance manual.
When the edges of a fan or compressor blade are repaired by blending, the damaged area is removed with a fine file, and the file marks are removed with a fine-grit __________. abrasive sponge abrasive stone.
It ________ (is or is not) recommended that bent compressor blades be straightened. is is not.
Five components in the hot section of a turbine engine are: a. __________ b. __________ c. __________ d. __________ e. __________ a. fuel nozzles b. combustion chambers c. turbine inlet guide vanes d. turbine wheels and blades e. exhaust system a. air inlet b. combustion chambers c. compressors d. turbine wheels and blades e. air outlet.
A hot section inspection is normally required after a hot start or if, for any reason, the _______ has exceeded a specified limit. EGT EPR.
A hot section inspection normally requires that the engine be removed from the aircraft. This statement is ________ (true or false). true false.
A localized hot spot in a combustion chamber can be caused by a partially clogged _____________________ . fuel nozzle combustion chambers air inlet.
Stress-rupture cracks normally appear _______________ (perpendicular or parallel) to the leading and trailing edges of the turbine blades. perpendicular parallel.
Waviness of the leading or trailing edges of a turbine blade is normally an indication of ________________ . overheating overtempering.
Two critical measurements to be made of a turbine wheel during a hot section inspection are: a. ____________ b. ____________ a. blade tip clearance b. clearance between turbine wheel and exhaust cone a. blade clearance b. clearance in turbine wheel.
Instruments installed in the aircraft _________ (are or are not) normally considered accurateenough for a preinspection and postinspection runup for a hot section inspection. are are not.
The information gained in a postinspection run-up after a hot section inspection is used as a base line for ________________ trend monitoring engine manufacturer's service manual present performance.
A lead pencil __________ (is or is not) an acceptable marker to use on hot section components. is is not.
When removing damage to the leading or trailing edge of a compressor blade, the file should be moved __________________ (parallel to or across) the length of the blade. parallel to across.
When the segment of a midspan shroud of a turbofan blade overlaps the segment on the adjacent blade, the fan blade is said to be ___________. shingled knotted.
Fan blade shingling is normally caused by a ________ or by a/an ________condition. bird strike, overspeed ice, overspeed stresses, ice.
An engine that has had an overtemperature operation should be given a __________ inspection. hot section cold section.
For the maximum strength to be provided by a threaded fastener, the load applied when the fastener is torqued must be _________ (greater or less) than the maximum load applied to the joint. greater less.
Torque wrenches used in aviation maintenance must be calibrated using masters that have their accuracy traced to the ______________ . National Bureau of Standards or National Institute of Standards and Technology (NITS) American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
Unless otherwise stated, the torque specified in torque tables is for clean and _______ _ (dry or lubricated) threads. dry lubricated.
When a torque wrench with a length of 15 inches is used with an adapter that increases the arm length by 3 inches, a torque of 200 inch-pounds will be produced at the adapter when the torque wrench indicates ________ inch-pounds. 166,7 176,5 185,5.
When a torque wrench with a length of 15 inches is used with an adapter that shortens the arm length by 3 inches, a torque of 200 inch-pounds will be produced at the adapter when the torque wrench indicates _____________ inch-pounds. 250 150 200.
A JetCal Analyzerffrimmer has three accurate master instruments. These are: a. ___________ b. ___________ c. ___________ a. Tachometer b. EGT indicator c. EPR indicator a. Voltmeter b. EGT indicator c. Barometer.
When a turbine engine is trimmed, the ambient air temperature should be measured adjacent to the__________ engine air inlet engine compressors engine air outlet.
The ambient air temperature and barometric pressure must be corrected to--------------------conditions, in order to compare the instrument indications with the data furnished by the engine manufacturer. standard day, sea level 45°C, 15 mm Hg 12°F, 25 mm Hg.
When a turbine engine is trimmed, the aircraft should be headed----------------------- (into or across) the wind. into across.
The four basic rules for systematic troubleshooting are: a. _______________ b. _______________ c. _______________ d. _______________ a. know the way the system should operate b. observe how the system is operating c. divide the system to find the trouble d. look for the obvious problem first a. read the manual b. unit the system c. solve the bigger problem for ultimate.
What are the two basic elements of the turbine section in a turbine engine? Impeller and difuser. Hot and cold. Stator and rotor.
The function of the exhaust cone assembly of a turbine engine is to collect the exhaust gases and act as a noise suppressor. swirl and collect the exhaust gases into a single exhaust jet. straighten and collect the exhaust gases into a solid exhaust jet.
What are the two functional elements in a centrifugal compressor? Turbine and compressor Bucket and expander. Impeller and diffuser.
What is the first engine instrument indication of a successful start of a turbine engine? A rise in the engine fuel flow A rise in oil pressure. A rise in the exhaust gas temperature.
Some engine manufacturers of twin spool gas urbine engines identify turbine discharge pressure in ir maintenance manuals as Pt7 Pt2 Tt7.
The basic gas turbine engine is divided into two main sections: the cold section and the hot section. (1) The cold section includes the engine inlet, compressor, and turbine sections. (2) The hot section includes the combustor, diffuser, and exhaust sections. Regarding the above statements, only No. 1 is true. only No. 2 is true. neither No. 1 nor No. 2 is true.
The recurrent ingestion of dust or other fine airborne particulates into a turbine engine can result in foreign object damage to the compressor section. the need for less frequent abrasive grit cleaning of the engine. erosion damage to the compressor and turbine sections.
Which of the following engine variables is the most critical during turbine engine operation? Compressor inlet air temperature. Compressor RPM. Turbine inlet temperature.
Standard sea level pressure is 29.00" Hg. 29.29" Hg. 29.92" Hg.
Using standard atmospheric conditions, the standard sea level temperature is 59°F. 59°C. 29°C.
What is the proper starting sequence for a turbojet engine? Ignition, starter, fuel. Starter, ignition, fuel. Starter, fuel, ignition.
A weak fuel to air mixture along with normal airflow through a turbine engine may result in a rich flameout. a lean die-out. high EGT.
What is used in turbine engines to aid in stabilization of compressor airflow during low thrust engine operation? Stator vanes and rotor vanes. Variable guide vanes and/or compressor bleed valves Pressurization and dump valves. .
In a turbine engine with a dual-spool compressor, the low speed compressor always turns at the same speed as the high speed compressor. is connected directly to the high speed compressor. seeks its own best operating speed. .
Generally, when starting a turbine engine, the starter should be disengaged after the engine has reached self-accelerating speed. only after the engine has reached full idle RPM. when the ignition and fuel system are activated.
What is the possible cause when a turbine engine indicates no change in power setting parameters, but oil temperature is high? High scavenge pump oil flow. Engine main bearing distress. Turbine damage and/oř loss of turbine effiiency.
If a turbine engine is unable to reach takeoff EPR before its EGT limit is reached, this is an indication that the fuel control must be replaced. EGT controller is out of adjustment. compressor may be contaminated or damaged. .
If the RPM of an axial-flow compressor remains constant, the angle of attack of the rotor blades can be changed by changing the velocity of the airflow. changing the compressor diameter. increasing the pressure ratio. .
Which of the following variables affect the inlet air density of a turbine engine? 1. Speed of the aircraft. 2. Compression ratio. 3. Turbine inlet temperature 4. Altitude of the aircraft. 5. Ambient temperature. 6. Turbine and compressor efficiency. 1,3,6. 1,4,5. 4,5,6.
Compressor stall is caused by a low angle of attack airflow through the first stages of compression. a high angle of attack airflow through the first stages of compression. rapid engine deceleration.
Which of the following is used to monitor the mechanical integrity of the turbines, as well as to check engine operating conditions of a turbine engine? Engine oil pressure Exhaust gas temperature Engine pressure ratio.
1) Airworthiness Directives are Federal Aviation Regulations and must be complied with unless specific exemption is granted (2) Airworthiness Directives of an emergency nature may require immediate compliance upon receipt. Regarding the above statements, only No. 1 is true. only No. 2 is true. both No. 1 and No. 2 are true. .
When must an Airworthiness Directive (AD) be complied with after it becomes effective? As specified in the AD. During the next scheduled inspection. At the next scheduled overhaul.
The breaking loose of small pieces of metal from coated surfaces, usually caused by defective plating or excessive loads, is called flaking chafing brinelling.
Each powerplant installed on an airplane with a Standard Airworthiness Certificate must have been type certificated. manufactured under the TSO system. originally certificated for that aircraft.
A severe condition of chafing or fretting in which a transfer of metal from one part to another occurs is called scoring. burning. galling.
Indentations on bearing races caused by high static loads are known as fretting. brinelling. galling.
Which of the following can inspect and approve an engine major repair for return to service? Certificated mechanic with airframe and powerplant ratings. Certificated mechanic with a powerplant rating. Certificated mechanic with inspection authorization.
What publication is used for guidance to determine whether a powerplant repair is major or minor? Airworthiness Directives. Federal Aviation Regulations Part 43, appendix A. Technical Standard Orders.
The airworthiness standards for the issue of type certificates for small airplanes with nine or less passenger seats in the normal, utility, and acrobatic categories may be found in the Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 23 Supplemental Type Certificate. Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 21. .
Which of the following contains approved data for performing a major repair to an aircraft engine? Engine Type Certificate Data Sheets Supplemental Type Certificates. Manufacturer's maintenance instructions when FAA approved.
What maintenance record(s) is/are required following a major repair of an aircraft engine? Entries in engine maintenance records and a list of discrepancies for the FAA. Entries in the engine maintenance record and FAA Form 337 Entry in logbook.
What publication contains the mandatory replacement time for parts of a turbine engine? Engine Manufacturers service instructions. Federal Aviation Regulation Part 43 Engine Manufacturer's maintenance manual.
What section in the instructions for continued airworthiness is FAA approved? Engine maintenance manual or section. Engine overhaul manual or section. Airworthiness limitations section.
Which of the following conditions is usually not acceptable to any extent in turbine blades? Cracks Pits. Dents. .
1) Serviceability limits for turbine blades are much more stringent than are those for turbine nozzle vanes (2) A limited number of small nicks and dents can usually be permitted in any area of a turbine blade. Regarding the above statements, both No. 1 and No. 2 are true. neither No. 1 nor No. 2 is true. only No. 1 is true.
The blending of blades and vanes in a turbine engine is usually accomplished only at engine overhaul should be performed parallel to the length of the blade using smooth contours to minimize stress points may sometimes be accomplished with the engine installed, ordinarily using power tools. .
What turbine engine section provides for proper mixing of the fuel and air? Combustion section Compressor section Diffuser section.
When starting a turbine engine, a hot start is indicated if the exhaust gas temperature exceeds specified limits. an excessively lean mixture is likely to cause a hot start. release the starter switch as soon as indication of light-off occurs. .
During inspection, turbine engine components exposed to high temperatures may only be marked with such materials as allowed by the manufacturer. These materials generally include 1. layout dye. 2. commercial felt tip marker. 3. wax or grease pencl 4. chalk. 5. graphite lead pencil. 1, 2, and 4. 1, 3, and 5. 2, 4, and 5.
What must be done after the fuel control unit has been replaced on an aircraft gas turbine engine? Perform a full power engine run to check fuel flow. Recalibrate the fuel nozzles. Retrim the engine.
If, during inspection at engine overhaul, ball or roller bearings are found to have magnetism but otherwise have no defects, they cannot be used again. are in an acceptable service condition. must be degaussed before use.
The basic gas turbine engine is divided into two main sections: the cold section and the hot section. (1) The cold section includes the engine inlet, compressor, and turbirne sections. (2) The hot section includes the combustor, diffuser, and exhaust sections. Regarding the above statements, only No. 1 is true. only No. 2 is true. neither No. 1 nor No. 2 is true.
(1) Welding and straightening of turbine engine rotating airfoils does not require special equipment. (2) Welding and straightening of turbine engine rotating airfoils is commonly recommended by the manufacturer Regarding the above statements, only No. 1 is true. only No. 2 is true neither No. 1 nor No. 2 is true. .
Turbine engine components exposed to high temperatures generally may NOT be marked with 1. layout dye 2. commercial felt tip marker. 3. wax or grease pencil. gas 4. chalk. 5. graphite lead pencil. 1, 2, and 3. 3 and 5 4 and 5.
Who establishes mandatory replacement times for critical components of turbine engines? The FAA. The operator working in conjunction with the FAA. The engine manufacturer.
Three types of turbine blades are reaction, converging, and diverging. impulse, reaction, and impulse-reaction. impulse, vector, and impulse-vector.
Which statements are true regarding aircraft engine propulsion? 1. An engine driven propeller imparts a relatively 2. Turbojet and turbofan engines impart a relatively 3. In modern turboprop engines, neartly 50 percent of small amount of acceleration to a large mass of air large amount of acceleration to a smaller mass of air. the exhaust gas energy is extracted by turbines to drive the propeller and compressor with the rest providing exhaust thrust. 1,2, 3. 1, 2. 1, 3.
Where do stress rupture cracks usually appear on turbine blades? Across the blade root, parallel to the fir tree. Along the leading edge, parallel to the edge. Across the leading or trailing edge at a right angle to the edge length.
In which type of turbine engine combustion chamber is the case and liner removed and install as one unit during routine maintenance? Can Can annular Annular .
When the leading edge of a first-stage turbine blade is found to have stress rupture cracks, which of the following should be suspected? Faulty cooling shield Overtemperature condition Overspeed condition.
Turbine blades are generally more susceptible to on operating damage than compressor blades because of higher centrifugal loading exposure to high temperatures high pressure and high velocity gas flow.
Which of the following is the ultimate limiting factor of turbine engine operation? Compressor inlet air temperature. Turbine inlet temperature. Burner-can pressure. .
The recurrent ingestion of dust or other fine airborne particulates into a turbine engine can result in foreign object damage to the compressor section. the need for less frequent abrasive grit cleaning of the engine erosion damage to the compressor and turbine sections.
Jet engine turbine blades removed for detailed inspection must be reinstalled in a specified slot 180° away a specified slot 90° away in the direction of rotation. the same slot.
The highest heat-to-metal contact in a jet engine is the burner cans. turbine inlet guide vanes. turbine blades .
When aircraft turbine blades are subjected to excessive heat stress, what type of failures would you expect? Bending and torsion. Torsion and tension. Stress rupture.
Compressor field cleaning on turbine engines is performed primarily in order to prevent engine oil contamination and subsequent engine bearing wear or damage. facilitate flight line inspection of engine inlet and compressor areas for defects or FOD prevent engine performance degradation, increased fuel costs, and damage or corrosion to gas path surfaces .
Hot section inspections for many modern turbine engines are required only at engine overhaul. only when an overtemperature or overspeed has occurred on a time or cycle basis.
Hot spots on the tail cone of a turbine engine are possible indicators of a malfunctioning fuel nozzle or a faulty combustion chamber. a faulty igniter plug an improperly positioned tail cone. .
The procedure for removing the accumulation of dirt deposits on compressor blades is called the soak method. field cleaning. the purging process. .
Severe rubbing of turbine engine compressor blades will usually cause bowing. cracking. galling.
1) Accumulation of contaminates in the compressor of a turbojet engine reduces aerodynamic efficiency of the blades (2) Two common methods for removing dirt deposits from turbojet engine compressor blades are a fluid wash and an abrasive grit blast. Regarding the above statements, only No. 1 is true only No. 2 is true. both No. 1 and No. 2 are true.
Hot spots in the combustion section of a turbojet engine are possible indicators of faulty igniter plugs. dirty compressor blades. malfunctioning fuel nozzles.


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Home Dinosaur Dinosaur skull may reveal T. rex's smaller cousin from the north
Dinosaur skull may reveal T. rex's smaller cousin from the north
Relative size of Nanuqsaurus hoglundi. Silhouettes showing approximate sizes of representative theropods. A, Nanuqsaurus hoglundi, based on holotype, DMNH 21461. B, Tyrannosaurus rex, based on FMNH PR2081. C, Tyrannosaurus rex, based on AMNH 5027. D, Daspletosaurus torosus, based on FMNH PR308; E, Albertosaurus sarcophagus, based on TMP 81.10.1; F, Troodon formosus, lower latitude individual based on multiple sources and size estimates; G, Troodon sp., North Slope individual based on extrapolation from measurements of multiple dental specimens [47]. Scale bar equals 1 m. Credit: From: Anthony R. Fiorillo, Ronald S. Tykoski. A Diminutive New Tyrannosaur from the Top of the World. PLoS ONE, 2014; 9 (3): e91287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091287
A 70 million year old fossil found in the Late Cretaceous sediments of Alaska reveals a new small tyrannosaur, according to a paper published in the open-access journal PLOS ONE on March 12, 2014 by co-authors Anthony Fiorillo and Ronald S. Tykoski from Perot Museum of Nature and Science, Texas, and colleagues.Tyrannosaurs, the lineage of carnivorous theropod ("beast feet") dinosaurs that include T. rex, have captivated our attention, but the majority of our knowledge about this group comes from fossils from low- to mid-latitudes of North America and Asia. In this study, scientists analyzed the partial skull roof, maxilla, and jaw, recovered from Prince Creek Formation in Northern Alaska, of a dinosaur originally believed to belong to a different species, and then compared the fossils to known tyrannosaurine species.
According to the results of the authors' analysis, the cranial bones represent Nanuqsaurus hoglundi, a new tyrannosaurine species closely related to two other tyrannosaurides, Tarbosaurus and Tyrannosaurus. This new dinosaur is estimated to be relatively small, with an adult skull length estimated at 25 inches, compared to 60 inches for T. rex. The new species likely inhabited a seasonally extreme, high-latitude continental environment on the northernmost edge of Cretaceous North America.
The authors suggest that the smaller body size of N. hoglundi compared to most tyrannosaurids from lower latitudes may reflect an adaptation to variability in resources in the arctic seasons. Further diversification may stem from the dinosaurs' partial isolation in the north by land barriers, such as the east-west running Brooks Range. Although the preserved elements of N. hoglundi are fragments, the authors point to morphological data to provide support for its place among derived tyrannosaurines. This discovery may provide new insights into the adaptability and evolution of tyrannosaurs in a different environment, the Arctic.
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"The 'pygmy tyrannosaur' alone is really cool because it tells us something about what the environment was like in the ancient Arctic," said Fiorillo. "But what makes this discovery even more exciting is that Nanuqsaurus hoglundi also tells us about the biological richness of the ancient polar world during a time when the Earth was very warm compared to today."
Note : The above story is based on materials provided by PLOS.
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