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When did I first visit India?
How was my experience of living amongst Indians?
To be kind to myself and take it all in my stride, to not be in so much of a hurry.
4- how did I start my celebrity career?
age 16 years on a car show for BBC called Top Gear!
What project am I currently working on?
I am just completing a pilot for my own TV show so can't talk too much about that at the moment.
On what do I spend the most?
I'd say I love to buy clothes! And Shoes! Who doesn't?!
I believe in Instant Connections at first sight, it's all about the energy! I am content in life so don't need to give anything up, I am grateful to my creator daily for what I have got.
What have I learned about myself since becoming a celebrity?
Nothing more than I already knew, I don't see myself as a celebrity I try to do the best I can at my work I am a perfectionist like that and it brings me satisfaction.
How did I meet Lucky Ali?
I met Maqsood in 2010, he sang the soundtrack for the Movie I was acting in.
How many charities have a worked for?
What made you work for charities?
Due to personal experience with Family the charities are close to my heart.
Where do I see myself in the next 25 years?
Living In the now and not worrying about time!


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#12 in Best Things To Do in Denver
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1701 Wynkoop St.
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1 to 2 hours Time to Spend
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Denver's Union Station is a two for one: it's a working public transit station and a highly praised dining and shopping center. The station was a huge success when it first opened to the public in 1881, providing railroad service until the center of the building caught fire in 1894. The architecture from the 1917 redevelopment remains and today, it's home to an Amtrak hub and a bus concourse. Located in the hip Lower Downtown neighborhood (aka LoDo), with multiple dining options and boutiques, and The Crawford Hotel, Union Station is a newfound entertainment center.
To learn more about the art, history and retail space of the station, as well as the luxury hotel, consider taking a tour. The Crawford Hotel offers tours of Union Station for $20 and the proceeds benefit the hotel's Dollars For Dreams nonprofit partners. The tour culminates at the Terminal Bar for a complimentary drink, so visitors can get the full Union Station experience.
Travelers say the best way to experience Union Station is by relaxing in the comfortable couches and chairs for some people-watching. This pastime has helped the train station earn the nickname of "Denver's living room." Visitors point out that the facilities are very clean for a working transportation terminal, and note that while the station is not as large as train stations in other cities, such as New York and Washington, D.C., it exudes charm. The bars and restaurants can be pricey, though, so travelers suggest grabbing a drink during happy hour.
Union Station is situated in LoDo and about 26 miles west of Denver International Airport; travelers can easily get from the airport to the train station for $9 one-way via the A Line in less than 40 minutes. There is valet parking in a secure lot available on-site and an app that accompanies the service for easy car retrieval. The attraction is also accessible by light rail and it's within walking distance of the 16th Street Mall. For additional information, such as details on shops and eateries, head to the Union Station website.
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#1 Larimer Square
In 1858, a group of American Indians and settlers struck gold at the foot of the Rocky Mountains. Their discovery soon spread back to the East Coast, prompting people to pick up and move west. The site of the original pioneer camp (known back then as Auraria) soon grew into the charming area now known as Larimer Square. Although the city has since expanded, this historic neighborhood remains the heart and soul of the Mile High City, and according to some, it's the place to start your Denver experience. Recent visitors attest that Larimer Square is always buzzing with life, thanks to the area's numerous restaurants, shops and nightlife venues.
Before venturing to Larimer Square, you may want to pay a visit to the Larimer Square website. Here, you'll find a listing of all the local businesses and upcoming events, not to mention maps that can help orient where specific dining, shopping and entertainment options are.
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The Science behind Global Warming
By ConductscienceJuly 2, 2019October 14th, 2019No Comments
Conductscience Administrator
Conduct Science promotes new generations of tools for science tech transferred from academic institutions including mazes, digital health apps, virtual reality and drones for science. Our news promotes the best new methodologies in science.
What Is Global Warming?
Global warming is an alarming phenomenon which is characterized by a drastic increase in the average global temperature in the Earth's atmosphere. Studies show that since 1950, the average Earth's temperature has risen at the fastest rate in recorded history. The current temperature rise of approximately 1°C is detrimental and encompasses extreme weather events, rising sea levels, melting ice sheets, shifting habitats, and epidemic risks. Note that global temperature records are an estimate across the entire surface of the planet. In fact, the average global temperature is a function of the amount of energy received from the Sun and then radiated by the Earth, which depends largely on the chemical composition of the atmosphere and the levels of heat-trapping greenhouse gases.
The current global temperature rise of 1°C may reach 2°C, putting people, wildlife, and nature at risk. A UN report released by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warns that if authorities fail to keep global warming at 1.5°C above preindustrial era levels, drastic climate change effects will occur by 2040. In order to avert global warming, rapid solutions on individual, national, and international levels are required – with science playing a crucial role in the process.
Although the global significance of the climate changes happening right now is eminent, global warming has become a hot topic marked by skepticism and controversy. Interestingly, climate change denial that contradicts scientific evidence is a common phenomenon, with high prevalence across the US. In a 23-country survey conducted by the YouGov-Cambridge Globalism Project, Indonesia (18%), Saudi Arabia (16%), and the US (13%) revealed the highest percentage of manmade climate deniers.
In the US alone, 13% of respondents said global warming is real, but human activity is not responsible, while 5% denied global warming is happening. Demographics influence climate change denial, with white Americans over 55 years revealing high levels of denial. Political views and the media are also major factors shaping people's opinions; 52% of Republicans in the US, for instance, are more likely to ignore global warming. Interestingly, more than 56% of elected Republicans also deny the science behind global warming. We should note that President Trump was one of the main political figures fueling the climate-related conspiracies, claiming that global warming was a hoax fabricated by China and the UN 2015 Paris Climate Agreement a tactic to undermine the US economy.
Scientific Evidence for Global Warming
Despite all the controversy and political interests, the science behind global warming is clear: global warming is a fact. Satellite and laboratory data show that the trapping of carbon dioxide and other pollutants in the atmosphere causes the Earth to warm. With more than thousands of weather stations around the world, buoy-based measurements and Antarctic research, scientists show that climate change in response to CO2 and aerosols is imminent. Additionally, ancient evidence found in tree rings, glacial ice, coral reefs, and sedimentary rocks shows that the current warming is 10 times faster than the average rate of ice-age-recovery warming. In fact, proxy-based temperature variations reveal that today's surface temperature changes are anomalous for the past 1,300-1,700 years (Mann et al., 2008). Scientific evidence shows that the Earth's climate is changing due to the greenhouse effect and various manmade causes of pollution, resulting in landslides, flooding, and shifting of populations:
Global temperatures are increasing: The average global temperature has increased with more than 0.9°C over the past century, with significantly higher rates over the last 35 years. In the US, in particular, the five warmest years on record took place in the last decade, with 2018 being the fourth warmest year on record. Note that global warming varies across land masses and water basins and is more significant over land due to the thermal inertia of the oceans. Rising global temperatures are challenging ecosystems and economies and putting ecological integrity and resilience at risk (GISTEMP Team, 2019, Hansen et al., 2010).
Oceans are changing, and habitats are shifting: The ocean temperature has increased significantly since 1969, particularly in the top 700 meters. Additionally, increased global temperatures cause oxygen levels and nutrients in the oceans to decrease. Analyses of direct measurements at sites show that zones with minimum oxygen levels have increased by several million square kilometers during the past 50 years (Breitburg et al., 2018). These changes are challenging numerous species and habitats, such as the Adelie penguins in Antarctica (Clucas et al., 2014), as well as coral reefs worldwide.
Sea levels are rising: The sea level is rising each year, with a record high in 2017 (Blunden, Arndt & Hartfield, 2017). Global sea levels are rising with approximately 0.3 cm each year and are expected to rise between 25.4 cm and 81.28 cm by the end of the century, putting numerous countries such as the Maldives at risk. To be more precise, satellite altimetry estimates that global sea levels have been increasing at a rate of ∼3 ± 0.4 mm per year since 1993. Research shows this rate is accelerating, and global sea levels may reach up to 65 cm by 2100 (Nerem et al., 2018).
Ocean acidification is increasing: The acidity of the ocean waters has increased by 30% and the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by 2 billion tons per year. Acidification affects coral skeletons, which are also prone to coral bleaching and extinction. Research shows that lower pH leads to a decline of 52-73% in the larval settlement on reefs.
Corals are disappearing: In fact, coral bleaching is one of the clearest evidence that global warming is affecting species worldwide. A study showed that after the marine heat wave in 2016, the corals on the Great Barrier Reef started to accumulate excessive heat and suffered a tremendous die-off (Hughes et al., 2018).
Ice sheets are melting: The ice sheets are melting at a high rate, contributing to sea-level rise. According to NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, between 1993 and 2016, Antarctica has lost more than 127 billion tons of ice per year, while Greenland more than 286 billion tons per year. Consequently, sea level rise rates have tripled over the last ten years due to the melting of the Antarctic ice (IMBIE, 2018).
Glaciers are disappearing: Glaciers – which contain ¾ of the world's freshwater – are retreating worldwide, including in the Alps and the Himalayas. In Montana's Glacier National Park, for instance, the number of glaciers has declined from 150 to 25. In addition, data provided by the U.S. Geological Survey and Portland State University shows that a large number of glaciers have shrunk since 1966.
Snow and permafrost are melting: Snow is melting earlier, and spring snow has decreased over the past 50 years, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere. As the winter season shortens, whole regions are exposed at risk. In Yamal, Russia, for instance, as the permafrost started to melt in 2013, warm temperatures brought rain which then froze, leaving thousands of animals to starve. Sea ice is also melting earlier, which can be detrimental. A study showed that the earlier melting of Arctic sea ice in spring might leave polar bears to starve (Pagano et al., 2018).
Extreme weather events and pandemics are a fact: The number of extreme weather events, such as flooding and heat waves, is increasing worldwide. As stated earlier, record high-temperature events have increased in the US. To provide an example, in 2015, drought in California led to the worst water shortage in 1,200 years (Marvel et al., 2019). Evidence also shows that the numbers of North Atlantic hurricanes and storms that reach categories 4 and 5 have increased dramatically since the 1980s. In addition, scientific research shows that the speed of tropical storms has slowed by 10% over the last 70 years, which results in more time to unleash rainfall (Kossin, 2018).
The Effects of Global Warming Across the Globe | 0.5°C Matters
Climate change can lead to drastic changes, and even a half-a-degree change can result in adverse ecological, health, and financial outcomes. As global warming rise might reach 2°C, scientists warn that global warming should be kept at 1.5°C above preindustrial era levels.
Sea-level rise and coral bleaching: If global warming is maintained at 1.5°C, 46 million people will be affected by a sea-level rise of 48 cm. If global warming rise reaches 2°C, however, 49 million people will be affected by a sea-level rise of 56 cm by 2100. Marine biodiversity is also at a higher risk at 2°C compared to 1.5°C. Coral reefs, for instance, will be lost by 2100 if warming reaches 2°C. As explained above, coral bleaching is a fact and has become five times more common globally (Hughes et al., 2018).
Arctic ice levels and winter seasons: Satellite data shows that Arctic ice levels are decreasing. If the global temperature rise reaches 2°C, an ice-free Arctic summer could happen once every 10 years, compared to once every 100 years at 1.5°C. Snow is also melting earlier. Scientists predict that people will have to climb up to the 10,000-foot mark to see snow on mountains, which will affect habitats and winter tourism economy. Moreover, climate change will challenge species. If global warming continues to rise, researchers predict that 70% of king penguins can disappear as their hunting and breeding spots will become insufficient (Crisofari et al., 2018).
Extreme weather events and detrimental air quality: If we reach the global temperature rise of 2°C, researchers predict a 170% increase in flood risk. A rise of 2°C will lead to low water availability with more than 410 million residents exposed to severe drought by 2100, compared to 350 million people at a rise of 1.5°C. In fact, if warming reaches 2°C, 28% of the world's population will be exposed to extreme heat waves at least once every 20 years, compared to 9% if warming is maintained at 1.5°C.
Wildlife and food production: Climate change affects the whole planet. If global warming is maintained at 1.5°C, 6% of insects, 8% of plants, and 4% of vertebrates will be affected. In comparison, if warming reaches 2°C, 18% of insects, 16% of plants, and 8% of vertebrates will be affected to the point of extinction. NASA reports that the Amazon will disappear if dry seasons last for more than five-seven months. In addition, baobabs which contain more than 500 cubic meters of wood and live for more than 2,000 years are also at risk; a study showed that nine of the 13 oldest and five of the six biggest African baobab trees have died (Patrut et al., 2018). Half-degree warming will affect food production and economic growth. To provide an example, beer supply can also decline due to the effect of climate change on barley yields (Xie et al., 2018). Via a process-based crop model and a global economic model, researchers found that heat and drought can lead to yield losses from 3% to 17% which can also lead to a drastic increase in prices (e.g., +193% in Ireland). Although the beer supply is not the most concerning aspect of global warming, data shows that climate change has a detrimental impact on production costs. Additionally, global warming will cause some species, such as mosquitoes, bark beetles, and ticks, to thrive devastating forests and crops.
Costs and health risks: Although global warming is detrimental, climate change deniers refuse to admit that 0.5°C can make a difference. The truth is that since 1906, the surface temperature has risen by more than 0.9°C, which has already had a significant effect on economies. From agriculture to infrastructure, global warming has measurable financial impacts. Only in 2017, the Atlantic hurricane season cost the US more than $265 billion. After Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico, analysts estimated a mortality rate of 14.3 deaths per 1,000 people between September 20 and December 31, 2017 (Kishore et al., 2018). According to a global report, by the end of the century, the US will spend more than $23 billion responding to wildfires. In fact, if global warming continues, the US economy will decline by 10%. The days of work missed and the number of doctor's appointments due to diseases, such as mosquito-borne malaria, will also have a detrimental effect on economies worldwide. Moreover, as a warmer climate means malaria, climate change will lead to various external and internal changes in humans. For instance, blood disorders such as sickle cell and thalassemia may arise as they have protective functions against malaria. (Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II, 2018).
Is Global Warming Manmade?
It's a well-known fact that climate changes are cyclic and the Earth's climate has fluctuated throughout history due to variations in the Earth's orbit. Scientists reveal there have been seven cycles of glacial advance and retreat; the last ice age ended 7,000 years ago marking the beginning of the modern climate era. Although climate change deniers claim that today's global warming is normal ice-age-recovery warming, research shows that global warming rose of 4°C to 7°C over 5,000 years. In contrast, in the 20th century alone, global warming has increased with 0.7°C – ten times faster than the normal ice-age-recovery warming rate. Since 1885 to 1945 global maps tend to appear warmer moving towards 1950. Data from 1880 to 2014 provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Japan Meteorological Agency, and the Met Office Hadley Centre (United Kingdom), all show rapid warming over the last decades. Such rates are extremely unusual, and paleoclimate record shows that manmade causes of pollution have influenced climate change (Marvel et al., 2019). Models predict that the temperatures may rise between 2°C and 6°C, which can be fatal.
While some pollutants block the sun's rays and produce a cooling effect, scientists reveal that carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases can trap sunlight and solar radiation and cause the planet to get warmer, a process known as the greenhouse effect. The burning of fossil fuels and coal-burning power, for example, are the largest manmade sources of air pollution. Note that fossil fuel use increased significantly in the post-War era (with approximately 5% per year). In the US, the transportation sector is the second largest source of CO2 emissions (1.7 billion tons of CO2 emissions a year). Interestingly, tourism worldwide accounted for 8% of greenhouse gas emissions between 2009 and 2013 (Lenzen et al., 2018). Data shows that air pollution caused 8.8 million premature deaths globally. Apart from the greenhouse gas emissions globally, a wide range of human activities have a detrimental impact on the planet:
Data shows that approximately ¾ of the land surface has been influenced by humans, and more than 75% of freshwater resources are used for agriculture. Moreover, land degradation has reduced land surface productivity by 23%, and people are exposed to risks of floods due to the significant loss of coastal habitats.
Human actions have an impact on wildlife and migration, with 33% of marine species being harvested at unsustainable levels. More than 40% amphibian species, for example, are already threatened.
Plastic pollution has increased ten times since 1980. Additionally, data shows that 300-400 million tons of heavy metals, solvents, and other wastes are discarded into the world's waters.
Can We Stop Global Warming?
Global warming is happening and scientific evidence shows that humans play a crucial role in climate change. In 2014, the US was the second largest emitter of pollutants (15%) after China (25%). In order to maintain global warming at 1.5°C, countries should decrease greenhouse emissions and turn to renewable energy sources, energy-efficient technology, and sustainability. Note that at the United Nations Conference on Climate Change in Paris, 195 countries agreed to meet Paris Agreement commitments with a goal of maintaining global warming at 1.5°C above preindustrial times. While policymakers worldwide must tackle land and sea use, direct exploitation of organism, climate change, pollution, and invasive alien species, developing countries should receive support to adopt cleaner energy technologies which can benefit their economies.
Alarmingly, climate policy opponents insist that policymakers should ignore climate change warnings, claiming there's been a slowdown in global warming since 1988. Yet, scientists reveal that this controversial hiatus has never occurred and is based on erroneous data. Calculations reveal we have a 2.8 trillion metric tons carbon budget to keep global warming at 1.5°C. Nevertheless, 79% has already been exhausted; only between 2008 and 2017, 398 billion metric tons have been used. As there are only 580 billion metric tons left, our carbon budget might finish in less than 15 years.
In fact, computer simulations show that if countries turn to carbon-free energy, around 1,000 gigatons of fossil carbon will have been released since the start of the Industrial Revolution and CO2 concentrations will peak by 2200. In this scenario, temperatures will rise by 2-3°C, and the Earth will enter a cooling phase of 100,000 years. If countries do not respond to climate change, however, CO2 emissions will reach 5,000 gigatons, CO2 concentrations will jump to toxic levels of over 1900-2000 ppm, temperatures will increase to 6-9°C, and sea levels will rise by 70 meters until the Earth cools down and reaches today's levels – 500,000 years from now. If individuals and regulatory bodies do not take any actions to prevent a Hothouse Earth scenario, scientists predict that temperatures will increase above any interglacial period in the past 1.2 million years and sea levels will be higher than at any period in the Holocene era (Steffen et al., 2018) Interestingly, such hothouse has happened before; the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) occurred 55 million years ago and was triggered by greenhouse gas emissions.
Does One Degree Matter?
Global warming, characterized by a drastic increase in the average temperature in the Earth's atmosphere, is happening right now. The current temperature rise of 1°C is eminent and encompasses extreme weather conditions, rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and shifting populations. A change of only 0.5°C can be fatal to the planet and condemn future generations to extreme weather and financial conditions. Note that a 1-2°C drop was enough to send the Earth to the Little Ice Age. Manmade climate changes raise numerous ethical questions about the future of our planet and humankind. If authorities fail to reduce manmade pollution emissions and keep global warming at 1.5°C, temperatures may increase above 2°C, which can be detrimental to people, wildlife, and nature.
Does global warming exist? Is it happening now? Is manmade pollution responsible for climate change? The facts simply speak for themselves. Manmade global warming has already reached a five-sigma level, which describes a minimal probability of 1 in 3.5 million that manmade climate change evidence would appear at random. Global warming is real, and individuals worldwide should start planting the seeds towards a better future.
Blunden, J., Arndt, D., & Hartfield, G., Eds. (2018). State of the Climate in 2017. BAMS, 99 (8).
Breitburg, D., Levin, L., Oschlies, A., Gregoire, M., Chavez, F., Conley, D., Garcon, V., Gilbert, D., et al. (2018). Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters . Science, 359.
Clucas, G., Dunn, M., Dyke, G., Emslie, S., Levy, H., Naveen, R., Polito, M., Pybus, O., Rogers, A., & Hart, T. (2014). A reversal of fortunes: climate change 'winners' and 'losers' in Antarctic Peninsula penguins. Scientific Reports, 4.
Cristofari, R., Liu, X., Bonadonna, F., Cherel, Y., Pistorius, P., Maho, Y., Raybaud, V., Stenseth, N., Le Bohec, C., & Trucchi, E. (2018). Climate-driven range shifts of the king penguin in a fragmented ecosystem. Nature Climate Change, 8, p. 245-251.
GISTEMP Team (2019). GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP). NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies.
Hansen, J., Ruedy, R., Sato, M., & Lo, K. (2010). Global surface temperature change, Reviews of Geophysics,
Hughes, T., Anderson, K., Connolly, S., Heron, S., Kerry, J., Lough, J., Baird, A., Baum, J., et al. (2018). Spatial and temporal patterns of mass bleaching of corals in the Anthropocene. Science, 359.
Hughes, T., Kerry, J., Baird, A., Connolly, S., Dietzel, A., Eakin, A., Heron, S., Hoey, A., et al. (2018). Global warming transforms coral reef assemblages, Nature,556, 492-496.
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Kossin, J. (2018). A global slowdown of tropical-cyclone translation speed. Nature, 558, p. 104-107.
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Pagano, A., Durner, G., Ride, K., Atwood, T., Atkinson, A., Peacock, E., Costa, D., Owen, M., & Williams, T. (2018). High-energy, high-fat lifestyle challenges an Arctic apex predator, the polar bear. Science, 359, p. 568-572.
Patrut, A., Woodborne, S., Patrut, R., Rakosy, L., Lowy, D., Hall, G., & von Reden (2018). The demise of the largest and oldest African baobabs. Nature Plants, 4,423-426.
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During the month of November, UI&U will spotlight a different veteran student each week. Get to know Amy Oyos, an Air Force veteran and current Master of Arts Health & Wellness major, in the Q&A below.
A. I plan to open a prenatal wellness center for expectant parents. I plan for this to be a non-judgmental, educational, community support place expectant parents can go to feel comfortable and learn about childbirth and lactation.
A. I was looking for programs that gave me the ability to further my education in lactation. Union's Health and Wellness program gave me the opportunity to receive a higher degree and sit for another certification in the field of lactation.
A. After speaking with Ashlee from the admissions office I knew I made the right choice in schools. She helped me the whole way through and still checks in to see how I am doing. After all her help the veterans coordinator stepped in and has been there every time I have needed answers. They both went above and beyond anything I ever expected from a university.
A. Live life and find what you love. You may not know at 20 but when you find what you are called to do, don't hesitate, Go For It.
A. I would say my Family. My parents have always been amazing and supportive. They have always given advice and supported me when I ignored it. Although they were right on more than one occasion they still gave me all the faith in the world that I could achieve whatever I wanted. My sisters have always pushed me to do my best and my own two amazing boys have pushed me to do my best and be my best.


The 6 am wake up call. Before the coffee has been made and the sun has come up and my body has had a chance to wake up.
Making a piece-meal breakfast of cheerios and granola and juice for a three year old who wants to eat nothing and everything at the same time.
Trying to eat my breakfast in one sitting, drink a hot cup of coffee and have an uninterrupted conversation with my husband in between "more cheerios please" and "more juice" and "turn my shows on".
And constantly saying out loud and to myself, "I can only do one thing at a time" and "everyone has a right to eat breakfast you need to wait a minute".
It's holding his hand in the bathroom and helping with all bathroom related activities.
It's "can I have a snack" approximately 3 minutes after he was "so full" from breakfast.
It's the laundry and the dishes that never ever seem to go away. It's cleaning up a mess in one room only to find a mess in another.
And never ever getting ahead no matter how hard I try.
It's do I shower? Or workout? Or write? Or just let it all go.
We watch too much Disney Jr. He dances and sings along and I think TV can't be all bad.
It's hugs and kisses and sneak hugs and "I just love you too much Mommy".
It's looking at the clock and realizing that he's been playing quietly.
It's "what's for lunch?Is lunch ready yet? Why does my food have to be hot? Why must it take so long? I can't wait mom".
It's accomplishing nothing between 1 and 3 when he used to nap and now all he does is whine, eat, drink and shout Mom.
It's quiet time which is more of a hopeful request than an event that actually takes place.
It's hoping to write something or fold some laundry or get a workout in.
Between planning a camping trip for Mickey Mouse and making sure all of the stuffies have had a check up and playing trains.
Then giving him the Ipad while I attempt to do a work out and take a shower in under an hour. And coming out of the shower to "Mom I need a snack" "Mom are you done yet, I need milk".
There's bargaining and "wait a minutes" and "just a seconds". And trying to remember that he is little for only so long. And that some day he won't need me for these little things.
It's sitting down to type and not completing a sentence. And abandoning the growing to do list again to play and watch a movie and just be cozy together.
It's elbows and feet and being pushed and shoved and sat on, and him sticking his foot in my face and laughing. Followed by "Mom I tooted on you".
And then getting up for another cup of coffee because it's been hours and the last one didn't do the trick.
And of course it's nearly time for another meal, so I stare down the fridge and figure out what to make vs what he will eat vs what we will eat and watch the clock wondering how it is still so early but feels so late.
It's days that are long and full and tend to roll together. Did he get a bath last night or was that two nights ago? And is it OK to serve pasta again?
Dinner is filled with "mind your plate" and "please eat your dinner" and "don't let the dog get that". And the husband isn't even home yet.
It's sitting in the bathroom while he takes a bath, knowing that I probably don't need to be there but that I'm just not ready for these days to be over. It's that I'm typing this out on my phone while listening to him laugh and play and imagine. And that I feel lucky in that moment.
There's the pictures on my phone that I post to Instagram and Facebook of all the "pretty" things we do and the "cute" things that I wear. It's all so carefully curated. But more often the pictures and the days are like this, like today. It's filled with joy and fun and frustration. It's not glamorous but it's all mine and I wouldn't change a bit of it.
Oh, how I remember those days. Definitely not glamorous, and some parts were really hard, but oh, how I love my kids.
Oh yes, it's not glamours. Not even a little bit. But of course it sure is worth it!


Clinc's core mission is to democratize conversational AI technology and remove the barrier to entry to building next-generation AI experiences. Mhacks provided an excellent avenue for us to further this mission among young developers in the community.
On Friday night at 10 pm, 50 eager students filed into a classroom for a 2 hour, Clinc-led workshop. The students stared intently at their laptops as we walked them through our AI training platform. By midnight, the students were off on their own, working diligently to build a bot in the remaining 34 hours of the hackathon.
Learn how to launch your Conversational AI pilot in less than 30 days.
Our evaluation criteria spanned 3 focus areas; innovation, productivity, and accuracy. We tasked the students to be simultaneously creative and practical; to design something that could make a real impact on the efficiency of using their proposed product or service. The students took this criteria in stride, with submissions spanning from therapy bots to virtual reality assistants.
On Sunday morning, Clinc's engineers evaluated what the students had built in those busy 34 hours. While we were impressed with many of the submissions, the winner was a bot called LINC, a therapy bot for individuals struggling with issues around sexual identity and discrimination.
Mhacks was a great success for Clinc in kicking off our larger hackathon and developer initiative. In November, Clinc is partnering with Girls Who Code, to teach a group of female students the art and design of conversational AI, and to offer up the opportunity to build next-generation conversational experiences on our platform.
Do you have questions about Enterprise-class Conversational AI?


text:
In China, the number of companies registered with the word "blockchain" in their names surged, surpassing last year's number by nearly sixfold
Adaptation, Blockchain, Business, Latest News 21 Total views	No comments
In China, the number of companies registered with the word "blockchain" in their names surged from January to July 16, 2018, surpassing last year's number by nearly sixfold, the South China Morning Post (SCMP) reported July 16.
Citing figures from business and civil data aggregator Qixin.com, SCMP reported that the country currently hosts more than 4,000 blockchain-related companies. In the past six-and-a-half months, there were 3,078 firms with the word "qukualian" (the Chinese translation of blockchain) in their names, while last year there were 555.
In the past twelve months, 16,600 firms were set up with blockchain specified as part of their lines of business, while over 3,800 of them had registered capital of more than $1.5 million. Approximately 41 percent of startups that received funding in China in the first quarter of last year were blockchain-related.
SCMP reports that last year Chinese companies filed 225 blockchain-related patent applications, which is more than half of the world's total. There are 817 companies in the U.S. and 335 in the U.K. with the word blockchain in their registered names.
Today, blockchain development received strong support from the deputy director of China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xin Guobin, who urged the country to "unite" forces to foster blockchain as a "core" technology for the new digital economy. He said that the "important role" of blockchain should be "grasped from a strategic perspective."
Last week, the head of the international department of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, Fan Wenzhong, warned against "mythologizing" blockchain technology. Fan said that it is difficult to call blockchain a "revolution," as the idea of multi-entry bookkeeping has been circulating for hundreds of years. Fan stated that "decentralization is not a new trend but a loop, because the earliest human transactions were without central authorities."
Source: https://cointelegraph.com/news/china-sees-sixfold-increase-in-companies-with-blockchain-in-their-title
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Estonian digital trading platform DX Exchange will begin offering tokenized stocks on the Ethereum Blockchain …
Global investment bank RBC Capital Markets: Facebook's upcoming crypto project will be a major milestone in the firm's history
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282.35076241 -10.89%24H
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Stratis(STRAT)


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17. Kannaki (Tamil Epics - Cilappatikāram)
In our seventeenth episode we discuss Kannaki, the heroine of the earliest Great Tamil Epic, The Cilappatikāram. We talk about karma, the power of women's rage, and what makes a virtuous woman.
,The Cilappatikāram: The Tale of an Anklet (R. Parthasarathy translation)
,,Translation by V. R. Ramachandra
,Sangam literature | Indian literature
,Cilappatikaram – the Tale of an Anklet – Part 3
,From Kannagi to Col Neil: A brief history of Chennai's statue conflicts
Transcript below:
Musical intro
Zoe: Hello and welcome to Mytholadies, the podcast where we talk about women from mythology and folklore all over the world. We're your hosts--
Lizzie: I'm Lizzie--
Zoe: --and I'm Zoe. And today, Lizzie, you did the research, so who are we gonna be talking about?
Lizzie: So today we're gonna be going into a Tamil Epic known as the Cilappatikāram, and we'll talk about the main character who was called Kannaki.
Zoe: Awesome!
Lizzie: Have you ever heard of this epic?
Zoe: So you've mentioned it to me, but I don't actually know anything more about it.
Lizzie: Okay, so. The Cilappatikāram is an example of Sangam literature, which are the earliest writings in the Tamil language in India, thought to be produced from the 1st to 4th century C.E., though some scholars think earlier or later.
Zoe: Awesome, that's so cool!
Lizzie: Yeah, I'm excited to talk about her! (laughs)
Zoe: Mm hmm.
Lizzie: So, Sangam epics are unique among early Indian epics because they are largely nonreligious, talking instead about love and heroism. Though some do also have allusions to mythological figures as we'll see today, but the difference is that they don't focus on celebrating or worshipping these mythological figures.
Zoe: That's so cool. Oh my gosh. Okay.
Lizzie: (laughs) Yeah, so, there are thought to be five Great Epics of Sangam literature, of which the Cilappatikāram is thought to be the earliest. Three out of five of the great epics, including the Cilappatikāram were written by Jains, and the other two were written by Buddhists.
Zoe: Okay.
Lizzie: According to R. Parthasarathy, an Indian poet and scholar who translated the Cilappatikāram into English, the Cilappatikāram is to Tamil culture what the Iliad is to Greek culture.
Zoe: Wow.
Lizzie: He also contrasts the Cilappatikāram with the Mahābhārata, one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Ramayana.
Lizzie: In contrast with both the Mahābhārata and the Iliad, the Cilappatikāram doesn't focus on war, which makes sense because it was written by Jains, who focused on nonviolence.
Zoe: Uh huh.
Lizzie: Also in contrast with the Iliad and the Mahābhārata, and perhaps more importantly for this episode, the protagonist of the story is a woman.
Zoe: Yes! (laughs)
Lizzie: And not a deity or a warrior, but just an ordinary woman facing extreme grief.
Zoe: Oh.
Lizzie: Yes.
Zoe: Awesome. Quick question, just for my own personal interest. Is it written in verse, or is it written in prose?
Lizzie: Uh, verse. And it's a specifice verse that's, um, found in Tamil literature that I forget the name of, but yeah.
Zoe: Okay. Okay! Awesome, yeah.
Lizzie: So. Cilappatikāram is made up of 2 words: cilampu, which means anklet, and atikāram, which means "the story about." The title literally means the story of an anklet.
Zoe: Oh!
Lizzie: Yes. So the author is known as Iḷaṅkõ Aṭikaḷ (Ilango Adigal), which is a pseudonym meaning "the venerable ascetic prince." Little is known about him, but he is believed to be a Jain monk and brother of a Chera king.
Zoe: Alright!
Lizzie: The heroine of the story is called Kannaki, whose name means "virgin" in Tamil. This will become important later, as we'll see, as she is a woman celebrated for her chastity.
Zoe: Oh. Oh boy (laughs).
Lizzie: But let's get into the story! (Both laugh) Okay. So, in the city of Puhar, the capital of the Chola kingdom, there were two children of merchants named Kannaki and Kovalan. When it starts off, Kannaki is twelve years old, beloved by Kovalan, who was 16 years old. So--
Zoe: Hmm, okay.
Zoe: Okay (laughs).
Lizzie: So they were married, and it was a very joyous occasion. And everyone celebrated, and Kannaki and Kovalan were very happy and in love. And several years passed in bliss.
Zoe: Okay...
Lizzie: So, there's another character called Mātavi, and she studied dancing, singing, and enhancing her beauty for seven years. She's also twelve years old. And mastered--
Zoe: Wait, wait, was she--she was twelve years old and then it was seven years? And now she's not twelve years--
Lizzie: (overlapping) No, she's--she's twelve years old AND it's been seven years. So she was, like, five.
Zoe: So she was five! Oh! Oh my gosh.
Lizzie: Different times.
Zoe: Okay!
Lizzie: Um, and she mastered all three of these arts, and she's frequently referred to as "Mātavi of the long, flower-like eyes."
Lizzie: So, she was so good at dancing that she was allowed to dance in front of the king. She performed her song and dance so beautifully that the king gave her a garland of flowers and 1,008 pieces of gold, which was a customary gift for dancers that performed for the first time.
Lizzie: So Mātavi asks her maid to go out into town, where the elite walked about, and offer the garland for sale, saying that whoever buys it will become her husband.
Zoe: Hmm.
Lizzie: The garland is bought by none other than Kovalan.
Zoe: Uh oh!
Lizzie: He "came under her spell the instant he took her in his arms" and promptly forgot about his own wife at home.
Zoe: Oh no!
Lizzie: Yeah. So, as Kovalan and Mātavi were living in marital bliss, Kannaki was depressed at home.
Zoe: Yeah!
Lizzie: She stopped wearing jewelry, she stopped putting oils in her hair, her eyes no longer sparkled, she didn't smile anymore. But she didn't complain. She was just very sad.
Zoe: Okay. And she never knew what happened. Her husband just didn't come home.
Lizzie: I think she knew what happened.
Zoe: Oh! Okay.
Lizzie: Like, she knew he was unfaithful.
Zoe: Okay. And she's no longer twelve years old.
Lizzie: No, it's been a few years.
Lizzie: I don't know how many years. I assume she's probably, like, still a teenager, but.
Lizzie: I don't know exactly.
Lizzie: So, during the festival for Indra, the rain god, there is a singing competition.
Lizzie: Mātavi takes her lute and puts it in Kovalan's hands, and he sings songs about a woman who hurts her lover.
Zoe: Mm.
Lizzie: Mātavi assumes Kovalan is no longer interested in her, so she takes the lute and sings about a woman betrayed in love.
Zoe: Wow. There's a lot of assumptions happening (laughs).
Lizzie: Basically, yeah. And Kovalan also thinks this song is about someone else, and leaves her. She tries to get Kovalan back, and sends him a letter, but Kovalan refuses to read it.
Lizzie: Yeah. So, meanwhile, Kannaki has a dream that she went with Kovalan to a great city, where Kovalan was accused of a crime he did not commit. In the dream, Kannaki pleaded in front of the king. And she wakes up, and she is very distressed by the dream. And so Kovalan returns to Kannaki, having lost all of his wealth after spending it all on Mātavi. Actually, Mātavi's mother sort of swindled him out of the money--
Lizzie: --but anyway. He's out of money now.
Lizzie: So, Kannaki takes him back, saying that hope is not all lost because she still has a valuable pair of anklets she can give to him. Kovalan says he will take the anklets and sell them so they can get some money back.
Lizzie: So they travel--
Lizzie: What.
Zoe: (laughs) I--I'm suspicious of him, I don't trust him.
Lizzie: That's a--that's a fair thought. But, um--(laughs) okay, so--
Zoe: Alright, alright. Continue.
Lizzie: They traveled to the city of Madurai, which is in another kingdom, hoping to win back some of their fortune. The journey is very long and tiring, especially for Kannaki, and there's a passage in one section where Kovalan has to face the fact that their suffering is caused by his past deeds.
Lizzie: He's told that he performed good deeds in past lives, but these good deeds are exhausted and that's why he and his wife are facing distress. And now he has to face his fate and not grieve the fact that his karma has shown itself.
Zoe: Okay! Okay.
Lizzie: So, yeah. And during this journey, Mātavi also has Kovalan's daughter, who is named "Manimekalai", who then gets her own eponymous epic.
Lizzie: Yeah! But anyway, back to our story. Kovalan sells one of the anklets to a goldsmith in the city. The goldsmith had recently stolen a similar anklet from the queen, and he seizes his chance to pin the theft on Kovalan.
Zoe: Oh no.
Lizzie: And Kovalan is arrested by the king, and executed without a trial.
Zoe: Oh my gosh! Oh no!
Lizzie: Yeah, so he's--he's just executed.
Zoe: Alright. And then her dream came true!
Lizzie: Yeah, exactly. So when Kannaki learns of this, she is angry, and weeps and falls to the ground "as if the rising moon had fallen with the clouds on the wide earth."
Lizzie: She "mourned for him in sorrow and wrath," weeping over his body, and decides to go to the king to demand an explanation. So, she goes to the king and explains her plight, accusing him of executing him unjustly, and he at first says that it isn't unjust to put a thief to death.
Lizzie: So, Kannaki pulls out the other anklet and says that her golden anklet contains gems, whereas the stolen anklet contained pearls, and shows him the anklet as proof.
Lizzie: The king realizes his mistake and that he has failed in his kingly duties, and says, "Let me depart from this life." And he dies.
Lizzie: Yeah. Kannaki curses the people of the city, saying, "I shall not allow this city to flourish but will destroy it along with its sovereign. You will see the truth of this."
Zoe: Awesome. Okay.
Lizzie: Then, and a bit of a TRIGGER WARNING for self-mutilation, she tears off her left breast and throws it into the street. And her curse sets the city on fire, the only people being spared being "brahmanas, the righteous, cows, chaste women, the aged, and children." So everyone else is killed in the fire.
Zoe: Okay, there's a lot to unpack there.
Lizzie: So--yeah. Cause basically she says, I'm gonna set this city on fire unless you're a righteous, or innocent, or, you know, like a child.
Lizzie: And then the city goes up in flames.
Zoe: Yeah. And of course the only, like, pure women and the upper-caste people are, like, spared.
Lizzie: Yeah. And children (laughs).
Zoe: And the children! Okay, that's good, that's good. And the aged.
Lizzie: (overlapping) But all the unrighteous people are killed.
Zoe: Yeah...alright!
Lizzie: Anyway. I'm gonna read a quote, and it says, "The matrons who unfailingly attended to household duties and entertained guests rejoiced greatly. They worshipped and praised the fire-god, whose flames rose high, saying, 'Losing her husband, whose chest shone with a beautiful garland, this lady won her victory with her anklet. Is this war waged by her breast unjust? Not so." People were, like, on her side.
Zoe: Okay, yeah.
Lizzie: And then the goddess Maturāpati speaks to Kannaki and calms her down. So Maturāpati was the family deity of the Pantyan King, so the man who just died.
Lizzie: And Maturāpati tells Kannaki that she and Kovalan had been connected in their previous life. In their past life, Kovalan had killed Kannaki's husband by mistake, and Kannaki had then committed suicide.
Lizzie: So both had committed the sin of taking a life, and even though Kannaki was virtuous in this life, you can't escape your past sins.
Lizzie: Yeah, Maturāpati says, "When actions in a past birth by those devoid of goodness yield their result, no amount of penance can stop them."
Zoe: Wow. Okay.
Lizzie: After fourteen days, Indra, the king of gods, took Kannaki up to heaven in a divine chariot. So, at this point, Kannaki has died, but she becomes a goddess of chastity.
Lizzie: Her goddess name is Pattini, and she is especially celebrated in Sri Lanka, where she is the goddess of fertility and health, and particularly protection against smallpox. She is honored in fertility rites and is still worshipped to this day, and she still has about six temples dedicated to her in Sri Lanka as far as I could tell, but, uh, back to the story.
Lizzie: The third section of the Cilappātikaram is dedicated to the king of Chera learning about Kannaki's story and building a statue of her. And a temple to her was built as well, and he says, "Because it is a fact that gods will worship her who worships not God but worships her husband, Kannaki, that jewel among the women of the earth, became a goddess and the guest of the ladies of heaven." So the temple was built, a royal sacrifice was made, and the temple was endowed, and the goddess herself blessed the occasion.
Lizzie: And thus ends the Cilappātikaram.
Lizzie: I'd love to hear your thoughts!
Zoe: Well! (laughs) So obviously there's a lot there, um.
Zoe: It seems like, you know, essentially she's being worshipped for being, you know, the ideal woman.
Lizzie: Mm hmm.
Zoe: You know, for being pure, and chaste, for being totally devoted to her husband.
Zoe: Being self-sacrificing...
Lizzie: Yeah, exactly.
Zoe: And--yeah. And so that's basically what she seems to be worshipped for. And it seems very interesting because it's very much a story of a woman who doesn't want anything good for herself, but then gets all the good things anyway. So, you know, it's sort of like the message of if you want, like, good things to happen to you, you can't--I mean, you can't be, like, greedy, you know.
Lizzie: You have to be humble.
Zoe: You have to be humble, yeah, exactly. And there are honestly, like, a lot of aspects of this story that remind me of the Virgin Mary. And so, like, the particular is the fact that Kannaki is worshipped for being chaste, and honored for being chaste, as the Virgin Mary is, and then particularly the fact that when she dies, she dies because she is taken up physically into heaven.
Zoe: And that's exactly what happens to Mary in the Bible. That's, like, literally exactly what happens.
Lizzie: That's interesting.
Zoe: And so--I don't know, I mean, like, I just think that's very interesting that it's, like, the same thing. I kinda wanna know what happened to Mātavi?
Lizzie: Well, we'll find out in a bit.
Zoe: Oh! Really?
Lizzie: Yes. So, in terms of Mātavi's fate, she found out that her mother was sort of taking all of Kovalan's money--
Lizzie: --and she returned all the money to Kovalan's parents, and she then became a Buddhist nun.
Zoe: Okay! Well, good for her, I guess (laughs).
Lizzie: Yeah! So, Mātavi is an interesting character. First of all, there are pages and pages dedicated to talking about how good she is at her craft and how talented she is. I feel like her depiction is, like, actually kind of positive as far as depictions of courtesans go, like there is an extent to which she's portrayed sort of negatively since she's the "other woman"--
Lizzie: --who drains Kovalan's money, but when she finds out that so much of Kovalan's money was taken by her own mother, she repents and becomes a nun.
Lizzie: So she renounces her wealth and retires to a monastery, so now it's like, this woman has a strong moral compass.
Lizzie: You may have previously thought of her negatively, but now she's being shown to be moral and righteous. And that's where her story ends.
Lizzie: Which I think as far as endings go, it's pretty positive.
Zoe: Yeah, definitely. I think it's honestly a pretty positive ending cause, like, it's definitely, I think, still to some extent is a condemnation of the life that she had before, but it's not as strong as if, like, it had been like, oh she dies, or, like, she commits suicide, you know?
Lizzie: Ex - yeah, exactly.
Zoe: Um, instead it's like, oh, she sees the error of her ways and becomes, like, a better person, which is, like, nice! You know, like.
Zoe: It's--I mean, it's a soft lesson instead of a hard lesson, you know?
Zoe: Instead of being like, if you continue like this you're gonna die, and be condemned forever, or whatever, you know.
Lizzie: Yeah, and it's also the fact that Mātavi and Kannaki aren't depicted as enemies or jealous of the other. Like, they both love Kovalan--
Lizzie: --but to my recollection there aren't any moments of, like, hatred for each other.
Lizzie: If anything, they're just, like, shown to be sort of opposites, as Mātavi is a courtesan and Kannaki is a chaste woman, but in the end they're both shown to be highly moral and righteous.
Zoe: Okay, yeah!
Lizzie: Which again goes back to the theme of acting righteously so as to avoid karma or atone for past mistakes--
Lizzie: --whereas the other principal character, Kovalan, is the one who suffers for his lack of morality and his past mistakes. So he suffers the worst of everyone.
Zoe: For sure, yeah. And I think that him being punished for a crime he doesn't commit is basically, like, the most clear representation of being punished for your past mistakes, like, mistakes in a past life.
Zoe: Because it's not really anything, like, him in this life has control over, as far as, like--but he's still, like, is punished for it anyway because this is what has to happen in order to, like, keep balance, or...
Lizzie: Yeah, I mean, it's karma--
Lizzie: --like this seems to me to be a pretty rare depiction, even among modern stories, where the female characters are shown to be moral and good and are rewarded for it, whereas the male character is shown to be the one who is punished for his actions.
Zoe: Yeah! And so then it--in some ways, it reminds me of Oiwa's story.
Lizzie: Interesting!
Zoe: Because, like, what was his name? The main male character of Oiwa's story.
Lizzie: (overlapping) Iemon.
Zoe: Iemon, yes! Him. He was really awful the whole time, and basically ends up being sort of tormented his whole life by Oiwa's spirit, who doesn't really find happiness, and then he ends up being killed out of mercy.
Lizzie: Yeah, he gets the worst fate because he behaved so badly.
Zoe: Yeah. And, like, obviously, none of the female characters in Oiwa's story are necessarily, like, shown as pure and virtuous and rewarded for their actions.
Zoe: Even though, like, as we discussed, they are treated relatively sympathetically. But, like, in this case, I think, again, we're seeing, like, the man who treats people the worst gets the worst results.
Zoe: And so there's that justice in that way based on, like, whatever's, you know, pulling the strings.
Lizzie: Yeah. For sure. Any other thoughts about Mātavi?
Zoe: Well, I think she's super cool. I think it's cool how talented she is. I think it's great that she got 1,008 pieces of gold from the king--
Lizzie: (laughs) Yeah.
Zoe: Or however much it was. Like, that's a lot of gold! Her story, like, started by reminding me of Salome, from the Bible--
Lizzie: Yeah, that makes sense.
Zoe: Um, but it didn't go that way at all, so that was cool.
Zoe: Because it was like, you know, she danced for the king and the king was so enthralled that he was like, here's a bunch of rewards, but obviously no one--well, yeah. She didn't have anyone get killed. Or, well, she sort of did, but--
Lizzie: No, I wouldn't say that she did.
Zoe: Not really. I mean, like, in a very indirect way, but then we're really coming down--
LIzzie: (overlapping) No, I see what you mean, with karma and everything, and she...
Zoe: Yeah, it's like, well he lost all the money, and then he had to go to this, but then you're really, like, pulling, like--you're really, like, looking at it very closely and thinking about it and it's like no, it was the goldsmith guy.
Lizzie: Yeah. It was definitely.
Zoe: And then it's also, like, you--you know, from a karma way, it was Kovalan who was--you know, had to repent for the-the sins he commited in his past life.
Lizzie: Yeah. And there's also the fact that she's the mother of Manimekalai, who gets her own epic.
Zoe: Mm hmm!
Lizzie: So I think that's pretty cool.
Zoe: Yeah, definitely.
Lizzie: Which is also one of the Five Great Epics, by the way.
Zoe: Awesome.
Lizzie: Yeah. So, in terms of politics of the time. So this was a time when epics were written to worship deities and kings, so it's very notable that this epic is about an ordinary woman, and that it features criticism of the king.
Zoe: Oh, yeah!
Lizzie: So it has the message that not even the king will be spared when he makes an error of judgment, and that a woman with high moral standards will be respected, and even worshipped.
Lizzie: So that's very cool.
Zoe: Yeah. And it's very cool. I think, you know, when we're thinking about karma and--even the king has to, um--
Lizzie: Submit to his fate.
Zoe: Pay up, um, for what he's done, you know.
Zoe: Has to deal with the consequences. And that is huge because, like...
Lizzie: He's a king!
Zoe: That didn't happen a lot, and that wasn't allowed a lot.
Zoe: So, like, yeah, I really like that depiction for sure. I think that's very cool.
Lizzie: Good to be critical of your rulers.
Lizzie: So, all in all it has the message that one's deeds in both their present life and their past lives are vital to their fate, and that karma is very important.
Lizzie: So, R. Parthasarathy, who I mentioned before, tranlsated one version of the Cilappatikāram, said, "Denied love, Kannaki turns into an outlaw: she has no father, husband, or son to live for, and under patriarchy a woman does not live for herself alone."
Lizzie: Yeah. So there have been, as you can imagine, criticisms by feminists of Kannaki's characterization--
Lizzie: --considering she is a woman whose virtue lies in relation to the men in her life and also her chastity.
Lizzie: This is obviously a very fair criticism, but personally I think her anger and her wrath are so powerful within the narrative and it's so cool that she's the principal hero of the story, that, like, I'm not actually upset about the anti-feminist implications considering the time period.
Lizzie: I just think it's cool that she gets to be the main character, and her rage is very justified and not dismissed in any way.
Lizzie: There's definitely something to be said about the fact that she never would have become a goddess if not for the way she behaves as a loyal wife and a chaste woman, but there's also a sort of power to the way she reacts to injustice. Kannaki isn't docile or fragile, but she's angry and powerful.
Lizzie: Which I think is very cool.
Zoe: Yeah, yeah. One of my thoughts--I feel like, could it be said that she's sort of acting as a force of karma?
Lizzie: Interesting.
Zoe: Because when she curses the city, and calls for all the unrighteous to be killed, isn't that sort of calling for everyone to pay for the crimes that they've committed?
Lizzie: That's a--yeah.
Zoe: And the bad deeds that they've committed. And so, in the way she's sort of, like--
Lizzie: She's carrying out their-their fate.
Zoe: She's carrying out their fates, and she's sort of causing the karmic results of their, you know, crimes--
Zoe: --and their bad deeds they committed.
Lizzie: But you could say she's just more of an agent of karma, rather than a force herself.
Zoe: Yeah. Yeah, she's sort of, like, you know, a conduit, you know. She's making it happen, she's calling for it to happen. But then, of course, she's, like, the fact that she's even calling it to happen when it's such a powerful force is really, like, significant.
Lizzie: For sure. She's so powerful, and her rage and wrath are very powerful, and very interesting.
Lizzie: And in my opinion, the most important aspect of the story, and the most striking aspect is her wrath.
Lizzie: Like first of all, she's shown to be righteous and justified, and is even celebrated for her actions, even though she killed people and set an entire city on fire.
Lizzie: Women's rage is often not shown in a positive light, but in Kannaki's story, her rage is transformative, healing, and ultimately one of the reasons she becomes a goddess herself.
Lizzie: It may not bring her husband back, but it brings a sort of justice to the events.
Lizzie: Yeah. She decides that this place isn't acting in a moral and just way, so she punishes everyone and destroys the city. And that's so powerful.
Zoe: Mm hmm. Yeah! Like, you know, she's bringing justice where there hasn't been justice, or she's sort of, like, allowing for the justice that needs to happen to happen.
Zoe: And that's super cool.
Lizzie: Yeah, and I also think it's notable to mention that though she does mourn and grieve, her principal reaction to losing her husband unfairly is anger, rather than sadness.
Zoe: Mm hmm. Okay.
Lizzie: She spends very little time crying over how unjust the situation is, and instead takes action. I find this very powerfulm especially because it strikes me as very rare. Women's grief is much more acceptable when it's characterized by crying and mourning, but Kannaki takes action against the unjust actions of the king and doesn't even stop at his death. She wants to destroy the very foundation--
Zoe: (overlapping) Yeah!
Lizzie: --of the system that killed her husband, so she sets the city on fire!
Zoe: Mm hmm. And it's interesting because we talk a lot about how women's grief is depicted in mythology, and how it has, like, a lot of power behind it.
Zoe: And a lot of the time, it's because of, like, the weeping part, you know. Like they cry so much that they flood the world.
Lizzie: (overlapping) Which is also powerful.
Zoe: Yeah! And then this is also an aspect of grief, and the anger part of grief, which also shows its power.
Zoe: And then, like, what you said was that a lot of the people really thought it was a good thing, what she did.
Zoe: Like she was--everyone--it wasn't like oh, she was vilified afterwards, but then she was taken up into the heavens, and then everyone was like oh, she's great after all. You know, like everyone loved her for what she did, immediately saw what she did was right and just, and, like, celebrated her for it.
Lizzie: Yeah, exactly. And she even gets temples built to her because of it, like, it's great.
Zoe: Mm hmm. Yeah.
Lizzie: And there's also something to be said about the fact that even though she was extremely angry, she still takes the time to say that she doesn't want righteous and innocent people to suffer--
Lizzie: --no matter how immoral the city is to her. And she spares a lot of lives as well.
Zoe: Yeah. And isn't there um, a god that comes down to tell--to call her to calm down?
Lizzie: Yeah. Maturāpati.
Zoe: Right, yeah. I do, like, think that's interesting.
Lizzie: And it's a female - female god! It's a goddess!
Zoe: Yeah, so, it's a woman, which is cool. I think it's also interesting that, you know, there's someone who intervenes and tells her to stop. So she's not allowed to fully unleash her rage.
Zoe: And that's probably a good thing. But, like, there is something keeping her in check. There is someone.
Lizzie: Yeah, but also Maturāpati also explains everything that happened to her, like, all this past life stuff and everything.
Zoe: Right, yeah.
Lizzie: So that's also very cool.
Zoe: Yeah, like, helps her see the big picture of everything.
Lizzie: Yeah. So, a bronze statue was built of Kannaki in 1968 in Chennai, the capital of the Tamil Nadu region of India. It features Kannaki holding an anklet and demanding justice for her husband.
Lizzie: The statue was erected as part of an initiative to make statues of ten Tamil icons who were associated with the history of Tamil literature. So, uh, 33 years later, in December 2001, the statue disappeared from its pedestal, which was reported to be because a truck had damaged the pedestal and the statue had to be removed for its safety. Basically what happened was there was this politician called J. Jayalalithaa, who was the chief minister of the Tamil Nadu from May to September 2001, and she resigned due to corruption charges. After the statue disappeared in December, another political party claimed that the statue had been removed on the advice of Jayalalithaa's astrologers, who claimed that the statue could bring her misfortune.
Lizzie: But the statue was reinstalled in 2006 under the leadership of M. Karunanidhi, who had called the removal of the statue "a challenge to Tamil pride."
Lizzie: Which goes to show you how big the Cilappatikāram is in the Tamil Nadu region.
Zoe: Definitely, yeah.
Lizzie: So, as for the anklet, the titular anklet. So, anklets provide protection against evil spirits, probably deriving from the symbolic value of the circle, so taking a person's anklet represents robbing that person of their strength and dignity.
Zoe: Oh, okay.
Lizzie: So the fall Madurai begins with the goldsmith's theft of the Queen's anklet, and Kovalan arrives in Madurai at this crucial moment, unaware of what he was stepping into, trying to sell an anklet himself, which is already an omen in itself.
Lizzie: Kannaki appears in front of the king and breaks her anklet in front of him, another--
Lizzie: Yeah, another inauspicious omen. And the anklet, a symbol of her chastity, becomes a symbol of her vengeance.
Zoe: Wow!
Lizzie: Yeah. And so the anklet is both a symbol of Kannaki's wrath and power, and also again a symbol of the motif of karma, that our fates are predestined by past actions. The theft of the queen's anklet by the goldsmith was a catalyst to the events of the epic, and ultimately led to the destruction of Madurai. And nothing could get in the way of that ultimate destiny.
Zoe: Uh huh. Yeah!
Lizzie: And even now, any depiction of Kannaki is recognizable by her wielding of the anklet, notably in the bronze statue I mentioned earlier.
Zoe: Mm hmm. Well, that's really cool! I think that's really interesting it becomes such, like, a symbol of power. And, like, the fact that he's selling her anklet and that means he's selling her protection and dignity...
Lizzie: Yeah! And she's--and she's happy to give it up because she loves him so much, but.
Zoe: (overlapping) Yeah. And then, like, like, that's also interesting considering her role as this chaste, virtuous woman, and, like, how that compares to that. But then also compared to how he's really hurt her, he left her for another woman, she's been grieving for a really long time, and, like, how now he's taking this bigger symbol away from her.
Zoe: And how that probably, like, contributes to the reason why he's facing up to repercussions for his actions, and, like, the things that he's been doing.
Lizzie: Yeah, for sure. Like, he definitely has a lot of things to atone for, from, like, cheating on his wife and breaking her heart--
Lizzie: To actions in his past life, and yeah.
Zoe: Mm hmm. But yeah! And then it becoming a symbol of her dignity and vengeance.
Zoe: Even when it's broken, like, when it - this anklet is broken, taking away--supposedly taking away her protection, instead it becomes more of her protection, becomes more of her vengeance, and her anger, and her wrath.
Lizzie: (overlapping) Yeah, and this is when she sort of becomes a goddess, you know?
Zoe: Yeah. And she's challenging, like, everything around her.
Lizzie: (overlapping) And she becomes super powerful, and everything.
Zoe: And that's really great. Thank you so much for sharing this, this is super cool!
Lizzie: Yeah, I really loved her story.
Zoe: I'm so excited, if there's more, to hear more. And thanks for listening! If you enjoyed our episode, feel free to leave us a review, and tell all your friends, and we'll be back here next week with another episode!
Both: Thank you!
Zoe: Buh-bye.
Outro, underscored by music:
Zoe: Mytholadies Podcast is produced by Elizabeth LaCroix and Zoe Koeninger. Today's episode was researched and presented by Elizabeth LaCroix, with help from Margot and Zaïn. You can find us on Instagram and Twitter (and now Tumblr) @mytholadies, and visit us on our website at Mytholadies.com. Our cover art is by Helena Cailleaux. Our music was written and performed by Icarus Tyree. Thanks for listening! See you next week.


Kevin lives in Spring Lake with wife, Rachel and their daughter, Gianna. His SLCC career began in 1996. Kevin enjoys sports, kayaking and a nice glass of wine!
Joining SLCC in 1981, Chris is a wealth of knowledge at the Club. She assists with administrative duties for all departments as well as membership services. She lives in Spring Lake with her children, Sam and Sarah.
Stefanie joined SLCC in May 2018. She majored in Hospitality & Tourism Management at Grand Valley State University and is a lifelong Spring Lake area resident. Stefanie enjoys spending time with her husband Josh along with their close friends & family.
Drew has been at SLCC since 2005. He lives in Grand Haven and loves nothing more than spending time with his beautiful wife, Robyn, and his children.
Eryn started as the Assistant Event Coordinator in 2016 and became our Event Coordinator in June of 2018.
Rachel joined SLCC in 2000. Having served in many capacities including Clubhouse Manger and Food & Beverage Director, Rachel is now the Club's Wine Buyer. Rachel enjoys family time with husband, Kevin, and daughter, Gianna.
Josh joined SLCC as Head Golf Professional in 2002. A graduate of the Professional Golf Management program at Ferris State, he now lives in Spring Lake with his wife Kelly, and twin daughters, Ainsleigh and Kylan.
Matt returned to his home state of Michigan to join the SLCC team in 2013. He and his wife, Kim, live in Norton Shores with their daughter, Ellery.


Short for continuous positive airway pressure, CPAP is a common treatment for sleep apnea. To alleviate breathing difficulties, users wear a specially-designed mask that utilizes pressure to prevent their throats from collapsing while they're asleep. When patients are able to tolerate CPAP, they enjoy some noticeable benefits, including fewer headaches, deeper sleep and less snoring. Unfortunately, CPAP isn't always well-tolerated; in fact, many people refuse to wear their CPAP masks, even though they effectively reduce or alleviate sleep apnea symptoms. If you don't tolerate CPAP and would like to know about CPAP alternatives, please call (303) 691-0267 or contact our Denver office online.
Although it can effectively relieve symptoms of OSA, CPAP sometimes causes problems that keep users awake at night. In many instances, patients grow frustrated with unpleasant noises. They may also experience claustrophobia and pressure sores. Because it is relatively restrictive, CPAP doesn't allow many users to sleep in the positions they prefer. This by itself can lead to sleeping difficulties that cause many sleep apneics to abandon CPAP therapy entirely.
When it's well-tolerated, CPAP works 100 percent of the time. Sadly, because it's not always tolerated, the therapy's actual success rate is closer to 23 – 45 percent. This is because many patients choose to remove their masks at some point during the night. When this occurs, sleep apnea symptoms return in full force.
When sleep apneics struggle to tolerate CPAP, oral appliance therapy makes a lot of sense. By adjusting the jaw to provide a clear airway, sleep appliances are able to alleviate breathing difficulties that promote frequent waking. They also come without troublesome side-effects. There are no movement restrictions; patients can sleep in whatever positions they choose. Oral appliances also allow users to sleep in a quieter environment, which promotes deeper sleep. Finally, because they fit comfortably within the mouth, sleep appliances don't cause pressure sores, sore throats and other irritating side-effects that are sometimes associated with CPAP.
Studies have linked obstructive sleep apnea to a myriad of frightening medical problems, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dementia, cancer and more. Other research has shown that sleep disorders can also contribute to obesity, fertility problems, hormonal imbalances and depression.
With this in mind, it's clear that going without treatment puts sleep apneics in harm's way. For many, CPAP provides an escape from these dangers, while also eliminating headaches, fatigue, snoring and other symptoms associated with this dangerous disorder. On the other hand, for others, CPAP simply isn't a reasonable option, thanks to frustrating side-effects that cause problems of their own.
If you can't tolerate CPAP, there's still hope. With multiple treatment options available, modern sleep apneics have no reason to endure sleepless nights, difficult days and health risks associated with OSA. Email Denver sleep dentsit, Dr. Berry's office or call (303) 691-0267 to learn more about oral appliance therapy: a proven alternative to CPAP that can provide lasting relief from obstructive sleep apnea.


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Suitable for MOST 13''- 27'' monitors when compliant with the below VESA.


text:
Or NotWeird News
Thomas Edison Did Not Invent The Light Bulb
Who really invented the light bulb?
Ripley's Believe It or Not! — April 19, 2018
In today's world many misconceptions have been perpetuated—becoming modern day "facts"—when, in reality, myths and hearsay have taken over. Sorry to burst your bubble, but in this weekly column, Ripley's puts those delusions to the test, turning your world upside down, because you can't always…Believe It!
Today: Edison didn't invent the first light bulb.
Edison and the Light Bulb
While many of you may be reading this in a den or living room, or even if you're sitting in a classroom, the chances are good that above you hangs one of the most important inventions in history: The light bulb.
And while it allows you to keep reading, crosswording, or studying, most don't realize they have a complete misconception about who invented it, because it was not Thomas Edison. If not him, then who really did invent the light bulb?
Who Invented the Light Bulb?
"Well, that is a complicated question," says Leonard DeGraaf, archivist at the Thomas Edison National Historic Park in New Jersey. "[Edison] was not the first inventor to work on that problem."
Actually, by the time Edison started working on it, the light bulb had been around for a long time, just in a different form, DeGraaf explained. About 20 inventors from across the world had drafted various patents on it.
In 1806, Englishman Humphrey Davy showed his electric lamp to the Royal Society. But, the light burned out quickly and the race was on to improve it. In 1841, British inventor Frederick DeMoleyns enclosed his burner in a glass bulb. In 1845, American J.W. Starr got a patent using a vacuum and a carbon burner.
Humphrey Davy
English chemist Joseph Swan then began experimenting with burners of various materials, but none of them really worked for any length of time.
What Edison did was improve on the existing idea. He was convinced he could develop the first practical incandescent lighting system, and–with a team of inventors and staff–he set out to do just that.
"Looking at his private writings, he invented the other components–generators, distribution systems, and he organized companies to distribute them," DeGraaf said. "He decided to develop a filament that utilized 'high resistance' which would light it up without destroying it. You could then use cheaper materials, which made it more economically feasible to create the bulbs."
The bulb exhibited in 1879.
Eventually, Edison would hire Princeton University physicist Francis Upton to his team at the lab in Menlo Park. By the end of 1880, the team was using long, bamboo burners called filaments, which could burn for up to 600 hours. This would help create Edison's vision of lighting an entire neighborhood, or even a city. By 1882, he had created the Edison Electrical Light Company, which provided electric light to New York City.
So while Edison may not have invented the light bulb, he did perfect it, as well as the system for lighting large areas. But why do we attribute the device solely to him? DeGraaf says we must first know more about who Edison was as a person.
"Inventions were coming out rapidly at that time," DeGraaf says. "The light bulb was this iconic problem. Even now, the light bulb represents having a good idea. Edison was very good at presenting his work to the media and cultivating relationships with reporters. He made for good copy, and he was accessible. I think that helped. He understood that having his work portrayed positively in the media would ultimately be good for his investors. And he was a showman. Sometimes he would claim to have solved a problem before he really did."
Due to his notoriety and fame, he would naturally be associated with the biggest problem and invention of the day, the electric light.
One of Edison public lighting displays.
"I wouldn't look at the development of technology as a race," DeGraaf says. "I would look at it in terms of what was going on in the world at the time. Why are all of these inventors working on this problem? Why does society drive them to find these answers?"
The answer was obvious: Society wanted to see in the dark.
By the 1920s, society had their lights, and Edison was an iconic figure in American society. During the 50th anniversary of the electric light, he was honored for his work.
"I'm not one to diminish Edison's contributions," DeGraaf says. "He launched the creation of electric lighting systems, which eventually all merged together to Edison General Electric, and then became just General Electric, and he made the light bulb a commercially feasible product."
It is important to note of two other contributions made during this time, DeGraaf says. Edison should also be remembered for managing what would become known as team-based industrial research, which used many minds to solve a problem, and for attracting the interest of capital investors to fund his work.
It was inarguable that Edison was very much ahead of his time.
He just didn't invent the light bulb.
By Ryan Clark, contributor for Ripleys.com
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Robin Mazumdar
What is your references so that I can believe it,don't mind.
Actually I'm so shocked it is needed.
Yes it was not T. Edison who started the idea about the light bulb but it was him who perfected the device. So I give the credit to him.
Ryan F Clark
Source: Leonard DeGraaf, archivist at the Thomas Edison National Historic Park in New Jersey
Giving credit to the one who perfected it is like saying Michael Jordan invented basketball. He may have perfected it; he did not invent it.
t. Edison killed an elephant with one of his cometitors inventions to get them out of the way and his name was nikkala tesla my great great great grandfather
Con Man Edison was ahead of his time, at the cost of others. Credit to the Motion Picture Camera, was also given to Con Man Edison. Mr. Louis Le Prince in 1890 was on his way to the US to demonstrate his invention, he spoke to his wife saying how excited he was, will see her soon. Unfortunately Mr. Louis Le Prince, his Camera and documents disappeared. Suspicious indeed, Con Man Edison around the same year received the credit for the invention. A photograph of a drowning victim shortly after was found, which resembled Mr. Louis Le Prince. The photograph was in police custody. As of this date, the photograph and information regarding the photo has disappeared.
Edison stole the improved design for the light bulb from another man, a move he would proceed to repeat a lot on his life. Just Google all his achievements, none of them where his.


The K&N 69-4534TP Air Intake fits some Chevrolet Camaro SS models. See vehicle applications link for details.
The K&N 69-4534TP Typhoon air intake system is a free-flowing, mandrel-bent aluminum tube air induction system designed to fit specific Chevrolet Camaro SS models. The restrictive factory air filter and air intake housing are replaced by the K&N Typhoon air intake which is designed to dramatically reduce air flow restriction as it smoothes and straightens air flow. This allows your engine to inhale a larger amount of air than the factory air intake. More air means more usable power and acceleration throughout the engine's RPM range. In addition to more power, this air intake system improves engine sound with more aggressive and deeper acoustics during acceleration. Included is a chrome topped K&N high-flow air filter and a heat shield that installs into the original air box space. Air is directed through the intake tube into the engine's throttle body for a guaranteed power gain. The intake tube has an attractive silver powder-coated finish that's made to last and it accommodates the factory mass air sensor and crank case vent hose. The oversized cone shaped air filter can be used for up to 100,000 miles before servicing is needed depending on driving conditions. This air intake is relatively easy to install usually in 90 minutes or less using existing factory mounting points. The tools needed are a couple of screwdrivers, a ratchet set and several wrenches.
Watched video, which was very helpful, everything went together just as expected. I had no problems. Noticed improvement on horsepower right away. Sounds great.
Easy to install. Looks great. A little disappointed in the fit. Seems to me it should seal all the way around to inner fender. And would have loved to see a cover for the box. It is supposed to seal against the hood when shut, but there is no way to see if it's sealed once the hood is shut. I did see someone say to use talcum powder to check for the seal. I think the directions could have been a little more clear as far as the writing and pictures are concerned . Took about 30 minutes to install.


With the unprecedented rate of change in the financial markets, and with regulators across the board stepping up the enforcement of existing regulation, one can't help but wonder: what does this mean for the compliance officer?
Compliance officers are facing a deluge of new regulations on top of an existing heap of rules and requirements which makes oversight of all compliance consequences difficult to gain. Compliance officers need to spend increasing amounts of time reading consultation papers, providing feedback, and then reading new guidelines and regulations as they become available. They then need to ensure that systems and processes are updated to match new requirements, often to very tight deadlines imposed by regulators. They should also not underestimate the risk of accidental breaches, even if one has the best intentions in mind. Ultimately, the compliance officer today needs to focus on convincing internal stakeholders and budget keepers to spend money and increase headcount – a tall order in today's regulatory climate.
At the same time, new trading structures and advanced trading strategies coupled with huge data sets makes the task to monitor trading activities and markets a very interesting challenge today. If monitoring is executed properly, it can provide useful feedback to business functions on its performance, and early detection of misconfigured OMS/algo systems can be vital to avoiding mistakes and poor trading results, or even accidental market abuse.
Within all of this, compliance officers are finding they must manage a delicate balance between business interests, culture, increasing cost pressures and heightened regulatory demands on reporting, due diligence monitoring, and surveillance. To add even more pressure, the compliance officer is now taking on increased personal risk. If major misconduct is revealed within an organization, the compliance staff can be held personally accountable.
If this doesn't put the compliance officer between a rock and a hard place, I don't know what does. Why would anyone in his right mind want to find himself in this position? Is there an upside to the story, or should a compliance officer just cut his losses and run?
The flip side of the new world for the compliance staff is the ability to create a platform for increased job satisfaction. Because of the increased focus on rules enforcement, a compliance officer is gaining increased authority and clout to do a thorough job. And since that is the case, it is now gradually becoming more likely for a head of compliance to secure budgets and resources to deploy systems and processes that are up to the task.
As the global trading environment gets more and more complex, the compliance function is getting the ears of senior management and is now forming part of corporate risk thinking. A strong compliance and trading monitoring function coupled with the right systems and strategies have become critical, and say to the outside world: "We are a firm that takes fair and orderly trading and transparency seriously. You can trust your transactions to be safe with us." Who wouldn't want to be a key part of fulfilling that message?
I only hope that your prediction that "a compliance officer is gaining increased authority and clout to do a thorough job" comes true. However, as someone who receives - and pays for - compliance guidance regularly, I wouldn't bet on that. Instead, the stature of the compliance function can grow with a different approach. In addition to advising the business on what can be done and what can't be done, compliance officers should also try and reach out to rule-makers and impress upon them the need to establish the optimum level of regulation. While there are several factors that determine the optimum, nothing is more important than to realize that the fundamental purpose of a business is to do business and not just stay compliant. To quote an analogy, a credit card business makes money only by authorizing a transaction. It's not helped by an overzealous fraud detection system that blocks each and every transaction that has the slightest whiff of fraud.


Tiffany Reisz never fails to embrace me and involve every single one of my senses and emotions. The pedestal upon which she stands is so high in my eyes that I can never envision that not being the case. She has a magic touch and an unrivalled way with words that astounds and leaves an instant lasting impression. This series through The Original Sinners and The White Years have captivated and induced so many tears – an insistent racing pulse and so much laughter that thinking about it makes me want to experience it all over again, if I could. Now, I eagerly await The Queen!
The Virgin begins and ends on the night before a wedding. But, just whose wedding is it? I have to say that although highly intrigued I was soon caught up in a night of heartfelt reminiscing in the company of Nora, Kingsley and Søren. The details of 'the missing year' coming into light out of a harrowing darkness.
As is always the case, it was told with a fervent intensity that had me reaching for tissues one moment – laughing through tears the next. It was equally devastating as it was hopeful and life changing for the formidable three – Nora, Kingsley and Søren. The intricacies of the push and pull; the intense heights of wants and needs. The astounding depth and growth. It was all perfectly flawless in typical Tiffany Reisz fashion.
I devoured The Virgin as expected … HA! And the eroticism was as per usual timed to perfection and written in such a vivid and powerfully poignant way, I found myself very hot under the collar, pun intended.
Nora and Kingsley respectively tell of two very honest and haunting memories on this important night and I inhaled every word as Tiffany Reisz made me a part of these reflections. I was there with them. I have to say that Kingsley's year had me on my knees at times – this cocky arrogant King let me see a side of him I'll always treasure. If at all possible; I fell even more in love with this formidable Frenchman.
That's not to say Nora's wasn't wholeheartedly sincere and heart-rending also. However, I do feel hers was overall more of an internal journey of self-reflection and discovery. She found a part of herself that'd been lying dormant whilst healing old wounds. Her year was mind-blowing at times.
"Are you mine?" he asked her.
And she was hers. But she was his too, and she always would be.
The Virgin is another breathtaking book from an incredibly talented Author. The way the lives and inner most thoughts; love – romance and kink is tied together so intricately through the beating of three incredibly special hearts is overwhelmingly addictive. Possessive obsessiveness sprinkled with erotica, humour, and the fundamentals of religion written with intelligence and sarcastic wit and such depth. There's nothing else remotely like it out there and I URGE readers to start at the beginning and pick up Tiffany Reisz. I can wax lyrical till the cows come home!
The controversial story before the story continues in the critically acclaimed and award-winning series The Original Sinners.
For years, Kingsley Edge warned Eleanor the day would come when she, the mistress of a well-respected Catholic priest, would have to run and hide. She always imagined if that day came she'd be running away with Søren. But instead, she's running from him.
The lure of the forbidden. The temptation to sin. The price of passion has never been higher, and Eleanor will have to pay it if she ever wants to go home again.


A fast moving fire forced residents at 200 Woodruff Street outside in freezing temperatures Sunday morning. One man said he ran door to door before firefighters arrived to help get neighbors to safety.
"My main concern was getting neighbors out of apartments three and six," said Michael Spangler, whose apartment was heavily smoke damaged in the blaze. "We were pounding on the door, pounding on the door, and then finally, we got them out."
Firefighters were still investigating how the fire started, but flames originated in apartment one. Half the units were destroyed by flames, the other half was heavily smoke damaged and may be a total loss.
Spangler said almost nothing inside his apartment can be saved.
"We might've lost all our furniture and appliances and clothes, but that's replaceable," Spangler said.
As of Sunday morning, the power was shut off from the building as a precaution, displacing everyone in the building. The Red Cross was helping residents find temporary housing.