I am trying to find out more about my Dad's regiment. He was in the Black Watch enrolling during 1940. He fought behind the enemy lines in Burma. The only information I have from his release book is his name James Ewart private beside Unit, reg or corps it has 5PTC - BW and his army number. I know he was in the Chindits. I just wish I had asked him more about it but he didn't like talking about it. His brother was Robert Ewart one of the Cockleshell Heroes. I would be grateful for any help anyone could give me.
Last edited by Granann; 22nd January 2018 at 16:35.
Hi, for information on the BW chindits see Jocks in the Jungle by Gordon Thorburn and The battle for Burma by Bernard Fergussen.
Your uncle Marine Robert (Bobby) Ewart took part in operation Frankton on the Gironde river, he was captured by the Germans and executed in a sand pit in Bordeaux, just 21 years old.
For information on the raid see Cockleshell Heroes- The final Witness by Quentin Rees.
5 PTC could stand for 5 Personnel Transit Camp (or Centre). This I believe was in Catterick.
Just as a matter of interest Chalky, Bernard Fergussons column in the Chindits was number 5. Bill...Just a thought!..
I don't think anyone has yet mentioned that the Black Watch 'Chindits' were drawn from the 2nd Battalion, who had arrived in India early in 1942 from Egypt following the entry of Japan into the war.
On the 1943 Chindit expedition (Operation LONGCLOTH), which entered Burma in brigade strength, Bernard Fergusson's column was numbered '5'.
2 BW began training for 'Chindit' operations in autumn 1943, preparatory to the 1944 expedition (OperationTHURSDAY) which would be in divisional strength. 2 BW were divided into two columns numbered '73' & '42' as part of Thomas Brodie's 14 Brigade. On this second expedition Bernard Fergusson commmanded 16 Brigade.
As well as this there is loads of stuff about the Chindits and Operation Thursday on Youtube. There is a starter video on the above thread.
Isn't life strange. The Cockleshell Heroes mentioned and what's on Film 4 just now! The Cockleshell Heroes.


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In case you didn't see me blast this info over my social networking sites yesterday, I have officially made it to round 2 of 3 for Cotton Inc style search! I hope to represent my fond city of Portland and the Pacific Northwest as the style ambassador at the Runway show in Miami!
You can help me get there by voting for me at this link! Many of you have helped me get this far, and I am so thankful for your help! Let's do this together, shall we?!


Traditional Buff Multi Waterstruck is a high quality pale buff waterstruck brick with subtle shade variations.
The specialist manufacturing process for this brick produces a very individual and appealing finish to each brick face.
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New video by E-40 has me reconsidering the women that I invite to my house parties(and the house I throw them in). "Red Cup" will appear on E-40′s upcoming album, which will be released on December 9.
Single is available on iTunes.
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text:
Joseph Bowstead1
Child of Joseph Bowstead
Hester Bowstead+2
Hester Bowstead1
Last Edited=30 May 2011
Hester Bowstead is the daughter of Joseph Bowstead.2 She married Theodore Frank Sherlock Gooch, son of Richard Edward Sherlock Gooch and Rosemary Irene Whittles, on 21 October 1995.1
From 21 October 1995, her married name became Gooch.
Child of Hester Bowstead and Theodore Frank Sherlock Gooch
Joseph Sherlock Gooch2 b. 2 Jan 2001
Joseph Sherlock Gooch1
M, #423003, b. 2 January 2001
Joseph Sherlock Gooch was born on 2 January 2001.1 He is the son of Theodore Frank Sherlock Gooch and Hester Bowstead.2
William David Sherlock Gooch1
M, #423004, b. 18 December 1944, d. 14 December 1978
William David Sherlock Gooch was born on 18 December 1944.1 He was the son of Brigadier Richard Frank Sherlock Gooch and Barbara Susan Hoare.2 He married Anna Nicholls in 1970.1 He died on 14 December 1978 at age 33, killed following a car crash.1
He was educated at Eton College, Windsor, Berkshire, EnglandG.1
Children of William David Sherlock Gooch and Anna Nicholls
Elisabeth Anne Gooch2 b. 5 Sep 1971
Samuel Guy Sherlock Gooch2 b. 14 Oct 1974, d. 14 Dec 1978
Anna Nicholls1
Anna Nicholls married William David Sherlock Gooch, son of Brigadier Richard Frank Sherlock Gooch and Barbara Susan Hoare, in 1970.1
From 1970, her married name became Gooch.
Children of Anna Nicholls and William David Sherlock Gooch
Samuel Guy Sherlock Gooch1
M, #423006, b. 14 October 1974, d. 14 December 1978
Samuel Guy Sherlock Gooch was born on 14 October 1974.1 He was the son of William David Sherlock Gooch and Anna Nicholls.2 He died on 14 December 1978 at age 4.1
Elisabeth Anne Gooch1
F, #423007, b. 5 September 1971
Elisabeth Anne Gooch was born on 5 September 1971.1 She is the daughter of William David Sherlock Gooch and Anna Nicholls.2
She graduated from Nottingham University, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, EnglandG, in 1994 with a Master of Arts (M.A.)1 She graduated from Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Northumberland, EnglandG, in 1995 with a Post-Graduate Certificate of Education (P.G.C.E.)1
Barbara Alexandra Gooch1
F, #423008, b. 27 June 1908, d. 27 November 1966
Barbara Alexandra Gooch was born on 27 June 1908.1 She was the daughter of Sir Thomas Vere Sherlock Gooch, 10th Bt. and Florence Meta Draper.2 She married Raymond John Steffe Crisp, son of John Robert Crisp, on 18 April 1936.1 She died on 27 November 1966 at age 58, leaving issue.1
From 18 April 1936, her married name became Crisp.
John Robert Crisp1
John Robert Crisp held the office of Justice of the Peace (J.P.)1 He lived at Kirby Cane Hall, Norfolk, EnglandG.1
Child of John Robert Crisp
Raymond John Steffe Crisp2 d. Jul 1988
Raymond John Steffe Crisp1
Raymond John Steffe Crisp was the son of John Robert Crisp.2 He married Barbara Alexandra Gooch, daughter of Sir Thomas Vere Sherlock Gooch, 10th Bt. and Florence Meta Draper, on 18 April 1936.1 He died in July 1988.1
He held the office of Justice of the Peace (J.P.)1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Here Stahl introduces his concept of the ethical kingdom, a useful framework with which to view human society. This personal-legal framework is an expression of convenantalism, without that term being used. Through this lens human society comes into view as a God-ordained living reality. Three aspects are here explored:
the concept of the ethical kingdom,
the dimensions of the state,
and the state as personality.
From Friedrich Julius Stahl, The Doctrine of State & the Principles of State Law (Aalten: WordBridge, 2009), pp. 1–16.
§. 1. Concept of the Ethical Kingdom
The doctrine of the state as put forward in this book is grounded in the concept of the ethical kingdom: self-conscious, indivisible rule in accordance with ethical-intellectual motives, over conscious, freely obedient beings, which thereby also spiritually unites them. Accordingly it is rule of a personal character in every aspect, a kingdom of personality.
The notion of the ethical kingdom upon which we found the doctrine of the state is the supreme ethical concept. It inheres in all relations and exists under all circumstances of the human condition; it is the general and absolute purpose (τέλος) of this condition. It therefore belongs to the religious, the moral, and the legal sphere all at the same time. The kingdom of God, which the Christian religion promises to us in the beyond, is its completed realization. Here it is the supreme personality, God, who rules men in accordance with his perfect holiness and wisdom and in perfect freedom, that is, fulfilling inwardly in the same way as maintaining and ordering outwardly, that they be one spirit and one will with Him, and therefore with each other (Book I, §. 27). However, even on Earth the moral world (the inner life and the free action of men) is an ethical kingdom, even when not visibly manifesting itself as such. For the real power of God effectuates in us regard [Ansehen] for the moral commandment, and, to the degree that it is in any way obeyed, the commandment's fulfillment. It effectuates in peoples and times the specific ethical manner of viewing things, the natural consequences of sins and vice, the inkling of Nemesis in the life of men and in the history of the peoples. It is not so that people in absolute isolation, each person feeling as if he is closed off in his innermost being, obey or infringe an impersonal ethical law, a dead rule. It is a bond over them, binding them to the common ruling power, which encompasses everything everywhere but there first is to become evident. Ethics nowhere exists as bare law and fulfilling individual; it exists everywhere as conscious common demand and compliance in accordance with a common purpose; it exists everywhere as a kingdom.
The civil order therefore is likewise an ethical kingdom. Here as well there is rule established over men, rule of a personal character, i.e., conscious of itself and with control over its actions, with a real power over them; here the rule of a real natural personality is replaced by the organized institution (the state organism); and the perfect or at least ordered natural condition for it is to have its innermost center likewise in a natural personality (the monarchy). Here as well it is rule of ethically understood purposes, and here as well men are freely to obey, while the ethical rational order, which stands over them, is likewise their true essence and will and only realizes itself through them and in them; they are to be united under it, through compliance with this order and its spirit. That an artificial institution erected by men and not a higher personality (God) exercises rule is certainly an entirely different kind, a much lower stage, of the ethical kingdom – hence, it is ruled in accordance with faulty human insight and custom [Sitte]; it is a lower stage of the ethical kingdom, in that the ruling real power and the law are not inseparably one but can be split apart, and in that the subjects' inward filling with the spirit of law and order, which is the requirement, in reality scarcely exists.
But the concept of the ethical kingdom and those general characteristics of it are the same here as there. Its concept is our most general and inward perception because it everywhere is the purpose established by God for the ethical world. We accordingly derive the norms of the civil order not from the archetype of the future kingdom of God, nor from the moral world as it exists in the here and now, but from the essence of the ethical kingdom, which in like manner appears both in the here and now and in the beyond, as something general. We do not build upon parallels and analogies from other ethical areas, but on the characteristics which each ethical area contains in itself in accordance with the archetypal law of the ethical world.
This concept of the ethical kingdom provides the deeper (philosophical) foundation and guarantee for the political order and for political freedom, in that it counts among its characteristics the need for an authority elevated over men, that is, a claim to obedience and respect owed not merely to the laws but to a real power outside of them, the government (state power; the principle of legitimacy in contrast to popular sovereignty); and at the same time the need for an ethically reasonable content which likewise forms the restriction on this authority, that is, the need for laws of the state that, being passed down through history, stand over prince and people and can only be changed in accordance with their own requirements (constitutional principle in the true sense); and finally the recognition of the nation (the subjects) as an ethical community, therefore as independent, freely obeying, and subjected to the laws only as the expression and obligation of their own ethical essence (Book III, §. 10), from which those laws originally arise through custom and tradition, and to which, in later ongoing development, by means of the consent of the representative body, those laws are put to the test (representative principle in the true sense). Derivation from the will of the people, be it individuals, be it the collective whole, be it their arbitrary or their rational will, does not attain to a simple elevated real authority and is therefore always revolutionary in its innermost ground, whether harsher or milder, revealed or hidden. Derivation from the acquired rights of a ruler or from the necessity of unified leadership or from the divine establishment of rule (when one adheres to this alone) does not procure the independence and (independent) entitlement of the people. Only the perspective of the ethical kingdom provides the eternal order of the state, containing all its principles and elements in harmonious unity. When in reality this is difficult to generate – because governments in actual power do not easily elevate the people to independence, and the people in actual power do not easily allow the elevation of princely majesty; actually, given the untrustworthiness of men, each staves off the yielding of something of their power as if it were a sort of state of emergency – nevertheless, it unshakably remains the ethical-political archetype and standard of judgement and action. In particular, this is the obligation and purpose in accordance with the Christian appreciation of life, while the idea of the ethical kingdom in all its stages suits the Christian world-view, and only it. The true Christian appreciation of life corresponds neither to the revolutionary doctrine of the old Scottish Puritans and English Independents, nor to the doctrine of absolute power and unconditional obedience as represented by the adherents of the Stuarts (Filmer et al.), nor to the political indifference of the older German Pietism. It can lack neither the regard of the given ruling authority, nor the development of political freedom and entitlement of the people under this regard, nor inward ethical-legal lawfulness and necessity.
Understandably, Kant's and Fichte's overarching ethical [ethischer] concept of the ethical [sittlichen] world-order is a different one from this concept of the ethical kingdom. For them it is a rule, a law, that the personalities are to follow, not a personality (or some other real power) that encompasses and unifies all of them. Such a power can at most (as Kant in fact postulates) only externally supervene in order to ensure the fulfillment of the laws and restore their violation, a judge; it is not itself (God or the ruling authority as the case may be) and its rule (its permeation in men and their union in it) which is the essence and fulfillment of all mores. The matter is the same with the concept of the absolute c.q. [bez.] objective Spirit which in the philosophy of Hegel takes the place of our concept of the ethical kingdom. It also differs, in that it is not a living union of many personalities with and in the one supreme personality (God – king – governing authorities), but the subsuming of the same in the Substance (the concept, the idea, the world spirit). Of course, this is not, as with Kant and Fichte, a bare rule (an ideal) but rather is to be a reality; nevertheless, even assuming this, it is at any rate an impersonal functioning power, unconscious of itself and therefore acting not out of awareness but in accordance with a bare rule (dialectic). This is not the place to demonstrate that such a concept regarding the eternal relations of men leads to despair. In terms of politics, it leads only to the formal authorization (the dotting of the i) of that which is logically self-derived, with the personality of the prince allowed no material influence; this therefore, despite all resisting efforts of well-meaning persons, leads not to an original real authority (prince – legitimate republican government) as such, but only to the recognition of an impersonal Reason, the "power of the idea," over the people. In theory, such is certainly better than the (subjective rationalistic) doctrine of Rousseau, which allows only the will of individuals or of the multitude to be the ethical power on Earth. In practice, however, it has the same effect. For the idea as such is neither authentically published in some way, nor does it have a power; in this case as well, therefore, it is human consciousness, the people, who themselves construct the idea and establish and rule its governmental authorities in accordance with it, rather than having them over it and allowing them to rule over it. It is inevitable that Hegel's monarchical or much rather governmental standpoint sinks back into the democratic standpoint of the newer school. For the monarchical power and the governmental power in general as taught by Hegel is itself only the result of laws of thought (dialectic), that is, a power that nowhere wills in a personal, self-conscious manner, as it does in me (in the individual), over which, therefore, I (the individual) or above all the multitude of those in whom the Spirit has come to consciousness, the people, also have the supreme judgement and judicial authority. In the same manner in the area of morals the followers of Hegel have substituted genius for the ethical law, which for Hegel had an objectivity. In this manner all higher ethical order dissolves finally into so-called self-consciousness or free spirit, that is, in the thought and will of men, which then loses all content, but in impudent capriciousness only destroys what it finds. It must however be recognized that this conception of Hegel's, in that it postulates both an objective power and a subjective appropriation and fulfillment as distinct and nevertheless unified aspects, scientifically prepared the way to establish a truer standpoint (that of the personal world cause) from the true insight [Erkenntniß].
The newer school of thought [Bildung], as it confronts us in the great multitudes, in the age in its totality, has appropriated essential aspects of the ethical kingdom (freedom, self-action of peoples and individuals, the law as the all-permeating necessity of public life in contrast to arbitrary rule), but in exchange has forfeited the first and foremost of those aspects, the given higher real authority, the ruling authority, for and over the people, in which it is to become politically unified. It therefore everywhere revolves around two abstract concepts, freedom and law, and cannot consider it to be possible that not everything will have been exhausted therein; it had no clue that the most essential thing was lacking to it, the original ruler and the original collective purpose of rule by which alone the multitude becomes a kingdom. In accordance with this, it does not conceive of law as a given higher thing, as the law of the great institution, which as one and the same passes through the ages, albeit understood in constant advancement; but merely as a self-made thing, as the will of the then-living generation. Thus is the truth mixed in with the error of public opinion. On the other hand, the few who maintain this aspect of authority in living consciousness have the habit partly of maintaining it in such one-sidedness that they yield or at any rate subordinate that other principle, the more so as the general manner of its assertion scandalizes them in the highest degree, as it ought to. From this stems their aversion to all that is constitutional, to political freedom. That concept in its entire amplitude is therefore the true proper middle way, that is, the articulated higher view in which the motives of the combating parties together find their genuine satisfaction. (1)
The concept of the ethical kingdom is distinguished from that of the ethical organism in the same way that kingdom and organism are distinguished in all cases. The organism contains determinate, various members which mutually supplement each other, of which none have an independent existence, all of which in fact are required for the organism to exist (head, rump, two arms, legs, etc.). The kingdom, on the other hand, contains an unlimited quantity of equal independent existences, which neither mutually presuppose each other nor are required for this concept the way they are in the case of the organism, but stand under a higher rule. In this sense we speak of natural kingdoms. The plant kingdom is a plant kingdom even when this or that specimen, in fact this or that kind or genus, is lacking, and the one plant does not require the other. We however call a kingdom the embodiment of selfsame natural constructions [Naturgebilde], in that here as well a higher ruling spirit is taken up in all these existences, thereby ruling them; because all rule is the absorption of the thought and will of the ruler in the being of the ruled. We must consider the divine Spirit to be active in the moments of creation in a manner such that His thoughts are incorporated in matter in a systematically advancing, mutually adapted manner, such that matter is filled with those thoughts, in order truly to recognize that Nature comprises kingdoms and is itself a kingdom.
It is the same with ethical relations. For example, marriage is an ethical organism. The rule of the state, when it is not, as in despotisms, a mere personality, is an ethical organism, in that personality everywhere can only be replaced by some such. Prince, estate, judiciary, the orders of officialdom supplement each other; state rule is not entire when one or the other is lacking, and, where they are not lacking, it is complete in itself. (2) On the other hand, the state itself, i.e., the mass of men in its ordered rule, is not an organism but an ethical kingdom. Though millions be added to it, it does not require any of these particular individuals in order to be a state; all are ruled by the same power and order and are thusly united in it, and the union of these collective individuals under this order is the purpose of the state.
On the other hand, however, the concept of the ethical kingdom likewise is to be distinguished from the municipality [der Gemeinde]. In the municipality the higher rule stems from the will of the united persons, while in the ethical kingdom it stems from a power and authority prior to and over them. Thus, the Christian congregation [Gemeinde] (even considered as the collective congregation of all living Christians) recognizes as such no other law and regard than the will and the conviction of the collective members in their unity. By contrast, the kingdom of God derives its law and regard from God himself, and the Christian church, which also is an ethical kingdom and as such is to be distinguished from the collective congregation (even when comprising the same persons), derives a law and regard from the God-established institutions and the constitution with its leaders [deren Obern] as decreed in history. The jurisdiction to forgive sins is not granted to the congregation (not even the collective congregation) but to the church in this sense; the congregation elects its pastor but the pastor does not derive his authorization through the congregation (persons cannot grant such) but through the church, through the pre-existing ecclesiastical ruling authorities and offices which the current generation did not give, thus through the institution which stands over the congregation of the collective living members. Even terminologically, the congregation is composed of persons while the church, i.e., the house of the Lord (κυριακόν), is something institutional [Anstaltliches] over them. It is the same in the area of politics. The civil community rules itself (self-government); its constitution is therefore also republican in accordance with its nature (self-elected ruling authorities, etc.). By contrast, the nation is to be a state and thus an ethical kingdom. It is therefore usually governed by a given higher authority, a king, and itself, i.e., the nation, is only allowed the free appropriation of the laws.
Should one grant this concept of the ethical kingdom, in particular also the given real authority which is the primary aspect of it, one must then also grant the entire political conception as carried out in the remainder of this work. Rousseau's entire book is nothing more than the implementation of the concept of the "general (human) will" as the principle of public life. Mine is nothing other than the implementation of the concept of the ethical kingdom as an order and power over men, who nevertheless belong to it as free self-acting members.
§. 2. Dimensions of the State
The doctrine of the state comprises a spectrum of relations in which the entire task of the state is fulfilled only when they are taken together: to wit, the state in itself, the mutual relation between states, and the elements and smaller spheres under the state. Each of these relations has its characteristic concepts and providential purpose (τέλος), but they all finally flow into the one concept of the ethical kingdom.
By the state we understand firstly the closed association of a large number of persons under a supreme independent (sovereign) power. Its providential purpose is rule for the totality of human collective conditions and common purposes. For this rule, the human community is ordained an institution through which it exercises power over individuals as one will and acting subject, as a consciousness identical with itself. The state is therefore in its innermost essence a personification of human community. To this end, it is however also essential that this ruling will is to be rooted in a mental determinacy, an individuality (Book I, §. 9), in order for its rule to flow from an ethically rational, in itself unified view of life. This is why the state is the task of the people and not of mankind in its entirety. By virtue of the unity of its descent or its history, and by virtue of its organizational development and the connectedness of its activities, this unity of consciousness and appreciation of life, both in general terms and specifically with regard to the common condition, exists in the people. Only the people therefore has the energy of common consciousness and the pervasion of its conditions that are needed to constitute a state capable of acting as true personality.
Collective mankind has no business ruling life as a subject, but it does have the task, as a community of peoples, of embracing and supporting as basis the rule exercised by the people (the state). This is the law of nations [Völkerrecht] and diplomacy. The providential purpose of the community of nations is the conservation of the peoples and states in their existence and their rights, and consequently the care for general interests which make up the shared basis of the condition of individual peoples, such as e.g. the freedom of the seas, world trade, and finally, in the case of higher development, even the maintenance to a certain degree of generally recognized political principles, which governments are to lay at the foundation of each state.
World history starts from the condition of the most extreme division and animosity among the peoples, the consequence of the confusion of human consciousness. First the Christian deliverance of humanity restored the possibility of a bond of inner conviction among the peoples. From there outward, there is an approximation in the community of nations to a "kingdom" (rule of a personal character) over the individual states in terms of form and content. In terms of form, in that instead of isolated negotiations between individual participating nations, a constitution-like, all-encompassing bond is more and more to be produced, by which the affairs of the peoples are being ordered as one undivided association of nations; in terms of content, in that more and more unity of political appreciation is to be generated among the states. Should this latter become complete – which on Earth will not occur – then humanity instead of the peoples would have the vocation to be a state. But that would mean the end of world history. The medieval emperorship was an anticipation of this situation, which is why it existed more in the idea than in reality. On the other hand, it is an undeniable truth that the collectivity of the peoples has the vocation to support the most basic foundations of ethical political order when they are lacking on the part of a specific people. This was the intention of the Holy Alliance. It would be one-sided to look for this foundation purely and simply in monarchical power. An intervention establishing the monarch in his full power but which does not help the people against the dissolution of reaction or to secure truly founded rights and the restoration of a lawful condition cannot engender ethical veneration and satisfy the public consciousness. It therefore is only an ephemeral external restoration, without establishing the fundamental attitude which alone is capable of durably securing the restoration. When the powers of Europe, or Germany as the case may be, step in as a higher authority to protect the ruling authorities of a country against its subjects, they thereby assume the obligations of higher authority, to preserve law and justice and even quarter and pardon, and to facilitate a return of calm, while on the other hand the government which in this manner is supported by foreign help has to that degree forfeited its right to entire independence. Great difficulties at any rate accompany such maintenance of justice and order against the contemporary revolutionary movement, which is aimed not at certain individual rights but against the ruling authorities and the entire legal order. But that does not relieve the duty. Accordingly, nonintervention as a principle is erroneous; but intervention should only occur in rare cases. The actual, regular vocation of the community of nations is therefore only the ordering of international relations.
Outside of the community for the totality of life purposes, which is the state, the people also develops communities for particular purposes, firstly local communities (municipalities), then vocational communities (estates). As their purpose in the final analysis is merely a component of that total purpose, so are the elements and members of the state, but in accordance with their specific nature and their own interests they are separate from the state; they are not mere appendages of the state, but are their own institutions with an independent position in the state. As such, they must also have a rule of personal character, to be constituted as a single, conscious acting subject – this is the municipality and the vocational community (corporation), or when, in the case of landownership, relations of superiority and dependency exist and are legally exercised – manorialism. These smaller communities, to the degree that they serve the mutual satisfaction of needs and not the purpose of collective rule in accordance with higher concepts, comprise the sphere of "society" in distinction to the state in the strict sense or the sphere of politics.
Accordingly, the ethical kingdom which men are to construct has its center and final fulfillment in the state, that is, the individual cohesive association, but it derives its full subject matter and content from the life and work of the smaller spheres, municipalities and estates, and it is supported and borne, and for certain of its highest tasks even supplemented, by the mutual security and reciprocality of the peoples.
Correspondingly, the doctrine of society and of the community of states is essential to the doctrine of state. It encompasses the strictly political, the social, and the international spheres, while only all three together in inseparable unity are the state in accordance with its entire full significance.
The sphere of the state in this extent is juridically expressed as the sphere of public law according to its secular side, thus in exclusion of the church. For these are the two great institutions for the rule and education of the human race, the one according to the earthly, the other to the eternal purpose, state and church, which we include under the concept of public law as opposed to private law as the sphere of the fulfillment of individual existence (Book II, §. 45). The state exhausts the sphere of secular public law; municipality and estate are elements of the state; the law of nations is a relation among states.
§. 3. The State as Personality
From the discussion thus far we may therefore derive the legal type of the state, or, what is the same thing, the type of public law, both in itself and in distinction to that of private law, and valid for the church as well to the degree that it exists as an external, legally-ordered institution.
Public law comprises all human communities, all human rulerships for the fulfillment of human common existence; private law comprises all relations for the satisfaction and fulfillment of individual existence. Public law rests on the concept of the ethical kingdom, in the same way that private law rests on the concept of personality, and in all its institutions it has a double principle of development, just as does the latter (Book III, §. 1), namely first the providential purpose (τέλος) of the concerned institution, that is, the material and spiritual tasks of common life, and second the personal character of rule, as we have discussed it. It [i.e., the ethical kingdom – rca] is the general type of public law, just as the personal character of life is that of private law.
The characteristics of public law thus are:
Power (imperium), to which the members are subordinated; this is not a power of the ruled which is transferred by them, as is associational power [Gesellschaftsgewalt], nor is it a power for the personal satisfaction of the ruled, as is domestic power (potestas), but rather power inhering in the institution itself and serving to fulfill its requirements. This concrete factual foundation and meaning of power distinguishes public law from private law. Should one conceive the power exercised in public legal institutions, namely in the state, as mere associational power or as patrimonial power, in either case the concept of public law is eliminated, leaving only private law.
The ordered coherence of men according to specific positions, and therefore the arrangement within the institution, which is the subject of rule – the constitution.
The range of necessary purposes and ordered tasks to achieve those purposes – the administration. This legal necessity of purposes and tasks likewise distinguishes public legal institutions from private ones, and the true public principle from the patrimonial.
That peculiar character which is the principle of development of public law (§. 2.), that of the personality of rule, is realized through these characteristics. It therefore permeates all the institutions of public law. The state, the municipality and corporation (even the church as external institution) have as one of their essential traits, that with regard to rule they are personalities. This trait is not to be confused with the concept of the legal person. Much rather, one may characterize it as the concept of the political person in contrast to the legal person. The legal person is a figure of private law and only entails the capacity to be a bearer of assets [Vermögenssubjekt], while the political person is public and entails the capacity to be the subject of action and rule. The state, for example, in that it adjudicates, rules, etc., is not a legal person but has a personality in a much higher sense, such as is lacking in e.g. a foundation.
The question at issue, as to whether the state is to be considered a moral person, whether the monarchical state is a person separate from the prince and is the actual subject of power, is to be decided accordingly. The state is in no way a moral person in the usual legal sense; only the fisc is that. The latter is most certainly separate from the prince; the prince can in this respect turn around and form a moral person from his income (Civil List), distinguished from himself as well as from the treasury. By contrast, the state is a person in the sense given here; as such, it is to be distinguished from the prince, while yet other organs outside of the prince together constitute this artificial person; but it is never to be separated from the prince and recognized as an independent subject apart from him, because its personality has its center in the prince and hence could not exist without him. When, for example, the prince issues a legal sentence or, in a constitution with estates, passes a law without the approval of the estates, this would be no act of state but merely of the prince (actually, only of the person who is the prince); this manifests the distinction between state and prince and the justification that it be asserted. However, the estates cannot do anything without the prince, nor can the judge enforce anything in the face of his obstruction; the state therefore can factually and legally execute no act without the prince, and is nowhere a personality apart from the prince. (3)
In consequence of these considerations, the essence of the state and all institutions of public law consists not in substance (impersonal necessity) acting through it as a higher power over personalities, as in Hegel's conception, but quite the opposite, in the community itself becoming a personality. The former conception does nothing less than contradict the character of the state. It would only answer to a condition in which no concentrated acting power (imperium) existed but in which collective persons of themselves followed a higher rule. In reality, the entire shape of the ethical world confirms the personality perspective and refutes the pantheistic perspective (Book I, §§. 6 and 7).
1. When I here and in the following combat the standpoints of the parties, I in no way deny that which the writers of these parties apart from this have achieved which is true and good in certain results. Even less do I find myself in opposition to those who apart from any ethical-philosophical standpoint – simply the general sense of the good and right in the background – exclusively apply the perspective of external result, experience, history as standard. This treatment will of course always have its great shortcoming, while such a standpoint, like the rudder of the investigation, cannot be lacking and therefore always will include such philosophical determinants [Bestimmungsgründe], only less investigated and conscious. On the other hand, however, it has the advantage of an impartiality in the treatment of results which someone of general scientific viewpoints, be they proper and clear as you like, does not entirely preserve. Both methods of treatment are therefore necessary and suitable mutually to purify each other.
2. That state rule is an organism in no way leads to the conception that it must have the same or analogous organs as the human body, such as the parallels drawn by Bluntschli in his book Psychological Studies on State and Church. The many unacceptable results need not hold as a refutation of a great scientific conception; but it certainly is scientifically certain (a priori) that such a parallel cannot exist; for when the state has equally in common with the human body that both organisms are instrumental facilities, it is still obvious that the instrumental facility serving the purposes of an individual life (facilities for breathing, eating, procreation) must be something other than the facility for the rule of a number of independent personalities (facilities to maintain justice, to develop a joint power, to promote common mores, etc.). Even if, therefore, the doctrine of that adventurous philosophy of the sixteen basic organs of the human body were more than a simple game, for all that it does not follow that the state must have the corresponding organs – on the contrary, it follows that it cannot have them. As untenable as this new doctrine of state is, to that degree it is rich in detail in instructions and apt results; even so, this is not the consequence of those notions but of the personal insight of this capable writer and statesman. It is similar to how in earlier times often superior and mentally excellent men for a time attempted with an adept to obtain, and actually also obtained, some real gold in that adept's wonderful laboratory, but only that which he had given in the first place, not that which the charlatan prepared.
3. Maurenbrecher's book The German Princes and Sovereignty throughout confuses the legal personality and the political personality of the state, and confuses the distinction of the state and the prince with its separation from the prince.


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Biklozja (ryska: Бикложа) är ett vattendrag i Belarus.   Det ligger i voblasten Vitsebsks voblast, i den norra delen av landet,  kilometer nordost om huvudstaden Minsk.

I omgivningarna runt Biklozja växer i huvudsak blandskog. Runt Biklozja är det glesbefolkat, med  invånare per kvadratkilometer.  Trakten ingår i den hemiboreala klimatzonen. Årsmedeltemperaturen i trakten är  °C. Den varmaste månaden är juli, då medeltemperaturen är  °C, och den kallaste är februari, med  °C.

Källor

Vattendrag i Vitsebsks voblast

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The RWJBarnabas Health Patient Portal is a free service that provides convenient access to your personal health care information in a secure online environment. With the patient portal, you can view select test results, access your medical records and track your health information.
To enroll in the patient portal, you must receive services one of our locations. If you are a former patient and would like to create an account, contact the location where you received care and tell them you would like to make an account. Registration requires an email and a valid ID.
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Q: How to apply a t-test for product failure? Background: I'm trying to determine if there is a difference in the rate of failure between two populations. Population 1 is an engine run on one type of fuel.  Population 2 is the same engine run on a different type of fuel.
I have 1000 engines in my first group along with the list of when they failed [5,8,10...]
I have 100 engines in the second group [6,12...]
If everything failed I could test if the means were different with a 2 sample unpaired t test, however since most of the engines never failed, I'm not sure how to easily test whether the two populations really the same.

A: This is a classic situation for survival analysis, which by design takes into account cases for which there has been no failure by the end of the study.
If you only have 2 groups, no predictors other than the type of fuel, and you don't consider any engines that might have been repaired and put back into service, then showing Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival over time for each group and using a log-rank test to compare the 2 groups would be a standard approach. Tools are provided by standard statistical software, for example the survival package in R.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


…since I last posted, and goodness knows how I coped…but I feel happy to report that I have coped.
I returned to an empty house, with the contents of all the cupboards strewn about as the painters were painting the inside of all of them….could not find a single thing, there was no telephone, no internet…it was total chaos, accurately reflecting the chaos in my mind as I began the first day of the rest of my life….by myself.
But with it all, I've managed to attend the regular 3rd Sunday outing to Bannerghatta, to take an NTP trip to Yercaud, and catch up with friends, too…and keep up with photography and posting, too. Yes, in the process, LJ and WordPress fell through…but my thoughts have been chaotic, and really not worth expressing at all..so negative have they been, most of the time.
But I have people like as examples, so how can I remain down? The jet lag is slowly going away in spite of being extended due to the presence of workmen in the home all day...and my mind, too, is getting calmer. I'm off to Chennai today (back late tomorrow night) to see the people who probably are the only "family" I have left.
But I'll leave you with the entertaining patter of this magician, who performed just before the show of Disney's "Aladdin" (the musical) that I went to watch before leaving St.Louis.
Funny….an Indian going all the way to America to watch the American rope trick!


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Pestilence – Exitium (2021)
by Paxton Jackson on June 6, 2021
Exploring a modern side of metal that keeps one foot in the past, the latest Pestilence will draw comparisons to Testimony of the Ancients, but to my mind goes back to Malleus Maleficarum even more, balanced with metalcore, progressive metal, and jazz fusion.
Tags: metalcore, pestilence, Speed Metal
Architects – For Those Who Wish To Exist (2020)
by Brett Stevens on February 26, 2021
On this site, we have always used the term "metalcore" to apply to any rock, metal, and punk hybrid, since they all converge on what they have in common, which is rock. Currently Architects are widely praised by the media, which makes sense because this empty gesture of an album is Clown World fodder.
Tags: architects, metalcore
Metalcore enters its final form: coronavirus
by Brett Stevens on January 26, 2021
Metalheads suffer greatly for the pain of having a genre that has suffered a coup. At some point, rock assimilated metal, and became modern metalcore: MTV song structure, hardcore style riffs, emo vocals, maybe an occasional metal riff, but basically just pop metal like pop punk was to crustcore and hardcore.
Tags: covid-19, epicycles, metalcore, sodomy
Fleshcraft – Human Error (2014)
by Paxton Jackson on September 21, 2020
Sometimes a single example of a genre reveals something of the genre, perhaps without intending to, which may be the case of Fleshcraft, a metalcore band with the usual buzzword of blackened death and technical death metal that reveals its core to be old-fashioned heavy metal.
Tags: fleshcraft, metalcore
Pestilence Announces Ninth Album Exitium
by Brett Stevens on August 6, 2020
Coming from those classic years between speed metal and death metal, Pestilence launched themselves into death metal history with Consvming Impvlse and then slowly transmuted into a progressive death metal band, later returning as a progressive metalcore act in the 2000s.
Tags: death metal, metalcore, pestilence
Giger – Submit to Reality (2019)
by Brett Stevens on July 9, 2020
Language can be useful for its specificity or its generality, with the latter being exemplified by the phrase "chord progression." It means a sequence of root notes and harmony notes and in rock music signifies the harmonic backdrop to a song, where in jazz it means more the geometry of a melody in relation to the notes of the scale, signifying what harmony will be used to write melodies within it.
Tags: giger, metalcore
Oceans Of Slumber Announce New Self-Titled Album For September Release
by Brett Stevens on June 11, 2020
Progressive-styled metalcore band Oceans Of Slumber announced recently that its latest album, entitled Oceans of Slumber, will be released on September 4, 2020, via Century Media Records. This follow-up to their 2013 album Aetherial, the 2015 EP Blue, and 2016 album Winter continues their merger of prog-rock stylings, hard rock riffs, and lush instrumentation.
Tags: metalcore, oceans of slumber
Desperate Earache records Signs Emo vocalist turned Street Rapper
by Nicholas Vahdias on February 20, 2019
As the money in modern metal continues to dry up despite various attempts to enter the mainstream through the hipster community. Useless label Earache records has resorted to signing Metalcore singer/guitarist and now Soundcloud rapper Alireza. This should come as no surprise since rap music has become the pop music of the 80s and the Earache fans at this point are pretty much the same people that download Iphone recorded rap. The reek of desperation and the constant barrage of race politics that have entered the commercial metal universe reaffirms the idea that Modern metal is heading towards its grave and it should be a fun ride as even more obvious cash-grabs will appear that will soon alienate the gullible hipster crowds.
Tags: Alireza, bad music, Digby Pearson, Earache, Louder than Quiet, mental retardation, metalcore
Monstrosity – The Passage Of Existence (2018)
by Brett Stevens on October 30, 2018
Monstrosity – The Passage Of Existence
Metal Blade Records, 2015
Working within an establishment genre presents a challenge to the musician: the major patterns are known, and the audience has been inundated with an abundance of bands who can play the style of the classics note-perfectly, meaning that musicians have to either add new aesthetics to attract a lot of fans, or play a subtle take on the older for those with some knowledge.
Tags: death metal, Heavy Metal, metalcore, monstrosity
Blasphemous – Emerging Through Fire (2018)
As metal tries to reorganize itself, bands recombine previous styles, trying to find the right formula from which a next generation could be birthed. Such is the case with Blasphemous, which combines late-model slam-style death metal with power metal to make a listenable but ultimately rather simplified form of extreme metal.
Tags: blasphemous, death metal, metalcore, power metal, Speed Metal
1 2 3 4 5 … 15 »


Hello friends – and welcome to number 7 in my watercolor series – as well as a really fun Watercolor Bloghop hosted by my friend Paulina over at Pretty Pink Posh!
Today's card is an idea that evolved over a long period of time; I saw mention on some kids art blog post eons ago about using salt with watercolor. They didn't show visuals, just mentioned it as something to try. And I saw it also on someone's art journal technique list. Again, no visuals. The idea stuck in my craw, though, and I decided to play with it and see what happened. A full day of experimenting ended with this card well after dark…..and it was worth a full day to get here! Enjoy the video below, or click HERE to watch in HD on YouTube.
How crazy is that whole salt idea!? Oh Lordy. I wonder how someone stumbled on the idea. An accident at a lunch counter maybe? In any case, I *adore* the technique. I've got more in store to use this for other projects, so stay tuned in coming weeks!
Beautiful. Love the colors and the technique.
Pretty card! Can't wait to try this!
it is amazing how beautiful a simple- not-so-simple colored background can be! Thanks so much for the inspiration and will be back to check out the videos after hopping!
Beautiful–love the salt on water color technique, such a cool effect!
Simply breathtaking! Adjectives hardly cover how beautiful this is! Elegant, watercolor perfection.
FABULOUS!!!! So fun seeing your process!
I've not tried this but it looks like fun!
Beautiful, amazing card! I've heard of the salt technique also. Off to watch your video now!
Wow! Gorgeous card and I so appreciate your videos! Thanks for being so generous with your abundant talent!!
Fun, cool, and just so amazing looking!! You did a super great job on this!!
Love, love, love this card!! The techinque is fabulous. A bit outside my comfort zone, I think, but that's the point, right? Thanks for sharing!!
Oh ,my!!! Your coloring is STUNNING! So artistic, seriously, something that should be framed!
What a fabulous technique Sandy! Your cards are always so much fun!
Total beauty and a true work of art! Absolutely gorgeous!
I remember my grandmother talking about using salt on some of her watercolor paintings! I've never tried this technique myself, but your painting has inspired me to give it a try. Thank you for the wonderful video. Your painting is gorgeous!
I loved watching you create this card in your video. This is a striking card/work of art!
The salt technique I've seen and remember doing in school. Your vision, however, was harder to see until you started adding all the details. I saw the path; do I get credit for that? I need a better eye. It also explains why you're the artist and I am not…. I agree with Sonja that it is reminiscent of Monet's garden. Nicely done, as always.
WOW! This is so beautiful. I have to agree with the comparison to Monet. I have heard of salt but never anything about a lost and found technique. Thanks so much for sharing. Your video was great.
Really fabulous! Such a great idea and you really did a wonderful job with it! Thanks so much for sharing!
FYI, I had a hard time finding where to comment. I know that if you're like me you might be using a design developed by someone else for your blog, but I just thought I'd mention that it's a bit challenging to find where to comment, in case you were interested in getting feedback.
The colors on this cars are so vibrant, I love them.
Great looking card! I love your color choices, and the salt technique is a fun one I often forget about. Such a quick a easy way to get a cool background! Thanks for sharing!
Sandy, your painting is gorgeous! Actually, using salt with watercolor is something a lot of professional watercolor artists do, so it's not just for kids. When you mentioned about letting your brush "dance," it reminded me of my organ teacher in college. When I was playing Baroque music, she used to tell me to "dance on my toes" when I played the pedal board! I haven't thought of that–or her–in a long time. She was one of the genuinely good people in the world. Thanks so much for sharing your beautiful painting!
Gorgeous! When I looked at your card the first time I did see the flowers.
Wowzers! This is amazing, Sandy!
So colorful, Sandy! I love it!
Great card along with wonderful water coloring technique. Thanks!


Here we have a wonderful Fondue pot, created my Digsmed of Denmark, the fondue pot is in great condition, the burner and saucepan have been used, but are both in great condition, with just some light signs of use.
The cast iron and enamel pan then fits on to the metal cradle, and has a metal ring that fits on top of the saucepan to stop drips from whatever wonderful mixture you choose to cook. I always recommend, cheese or chocolate, but there are so many wonderful fondue recipes to try.
The Set also comes with 6 Fondue Forks.
A wonderful find, sure to last a lifetime, and create some fantastic memories.
Great condition, used, with light signs of use, there are no major chips to the enamel, just a few tiny nibbles around the edge of the pan, but these are covered by the cast iron ring.
International buyers, as this is a heavy item please message me for a shipping quote and I will find you the best price I can.


Situated just off the coast of northern Mindanao, Camiguin is a small, pear-shaped island province which is 10 kilometers north of Misamis Oriental and 54 kilometers southeast of Bohol. It is separated from mainland Mindanao in the south by Gingoog and Macajalar Bays, in the east by Butuan Bay, and in the north by the Bohol Sea.
Camiguin has a total land area of 238 square kilometers; approximately 37 kilometers at its longest side and with a span of 14 kilometers. It is the second smallest province in the Philippines in terms of land area and is only around 2% of Region X.
Composed of five (5) municipalities, Mambajao occupies the largest area totalling 89.00 sq. km which is 37.4% of the total land area of the island. It is followed by Catarman with 53.75 sq. km or 22.59% of the island's total land area. Sagay and Mahinog run 3rd and 4th with 44.13 sq. km and 32.55 sq. km or 18.55% and 13.68%, respectively. Guinsiliban is the smallest municipality occupying 18.52 sq km which is only 7.78% of the total land area.
The whole island is composed of 58 barangays: 15 barangays in Mambajao, 13 barangays in Catarman, 11 barangays in Mahinog, 9 barangays in Sagay and 7 barangays in Guinsiliban.
Camiguin is a northern extension of the Misamis Peninsula and is part of the Northern Mindanao earthquake epicentre. Land formation is directly due to past volcanic eruptions. In fact, the island has four young strato-volcanoes overlying older volcanic structures which are both active and dormant. .
To count, it has seven (7) volcanoes with the highest being Mt. Timpoong which rises 1,580 meters above sea level. Second is Mt. Mambajao (1,420 meters) which is located in central Camiguin, then Mt. Hibok-Hibok (1250 meters) and which last erupted in 1953 and is still active.
The other volcanoes are Mt. Vulcan (671 meters) which lies northwest of Hibok-Hibok, Mt. Guinsiliban (581meters) which is southernmost of Camiguin, and Mt. Uhay which lies north of Mt. Guinsiliban. There are also domes and cones at Campana Hill, Minokol Hill, Tres Marias Hill, Mt. Carling, Mt. Tibane, and Piyakong Hill. .
Because of the presence of several volcanoes, the island has several hot sulphur springs and geothermal vents. The terrain inland is composed usually of steep slopes and several highland plateaus. Largely dominated by volcanic peaks, the flat lowland terrain surrounding these volcanoes is relatively small and is found along the coastline. .
Strangely enough, the island also boasts of cold springs and waterfalls. The flat lowland terrain which is rich in volcanic deposits has proved to be very fertile and is considered to be the best for coconuts, bananas, coffee, and fruit trees. In fact, lanzones grown on the slopes of Mt.
Hibok-Hibok in Mambajao is believed to be the sweetest in the country. Other major crops planted are rice, corn, sweet potato and abaca. These vegetation and natural springs plus waterfalls make the island's climate cool, mild, and invigorating. .
Camiguin coastline consists largely of coral reef formations, about 75%; the rest are rocky volcanic structures with sandy surfaces that alternate between black and white sand beaches. Bays surrounding the province are the coastal population's source of livelihood although it is mostly at the marginal or subsistence level only. There are two small coral islets near the island: White Island and Mantigue Island. .
Due to Tourism pursuits, the roads of Camiguin have been developed. The circumferential road is 64.1 km long with 12.15 km concreted, 39.27 have bituminous surface, and the rest of the 12.65 km are still unpaved.
The provincial roads which serve as collector roads have a total length of 97.93 km. Some of these are farm-to-market roads while some are roads leading to the island's tourist spots. Priority is being given by the provincial government of Camiguin to those roads leading to the tourist spots.
Out of twenty-one bridges on the circumferential road, twenty are now standardized concrete structures.
The Camiguin Airport is relatively small yet is continuously being developed to accommodate bigger airplanes. Recently, the bituminous surface of the runway, including the apron, has been concreted.


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Additional times added to several routes, as well as changes to Saturday schedules.
Changes are now in effect.
New Saturday times start on February 2nd.
Route 1 - CBU Express (from Dorchester to CBU & back) will have 4 buses continuously throughout the morning, and also now 4 buses in the evening (up from 3 buses). Continuing the 15-20 minute intervals. Regular route 1 timetable remains the same.
Route 5 - Additional times added. Saturday timelines have changed.
Route 9 - Additional times added. Saturday timelines have changed.


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Culture / Entertainment / Pop Culture
Danity Kane Reunites!
by Daren W. Jackson · Published August 27, 2013 · Updated March 27, 2017
While Miley Cyrus had everyone's eyes popping out of their heads and Justin Timberlake was showing every artist why he is the best, P. Diddy's once defunct pop group Danity Kane stepped out together at the 2013 VMAs for the first time since 2009, just minus D. Woods.
Aubrey O'Day announced that the group would be reuniting on Instagram prior to the 2013 VMAs with this promo pic.
DANITY KANE is officially BACK! @danitykane #vmas2013 #Rage
A post shared by Aubrey O'Day (@aubreyoday) on Aug 24, 2013 at 9:00pm PDT
Then the quartet of O'Day, Shannon Bex, Dawn Richard, and Aundrea Fimbres stormed the Red Carpet where they made the formal announcement. With a "We're baaaccck!" they let the world know at the 2013 VMAs Pre-Show that they are back together … on their own terms. No more Diddy. And the girls have been busy. They already have their first single lined up. Their new song "Rage" was produced by The Stereotypes, the same production team that was behind "Damaged."
The group was truly record-breaking in their prime. Formed through the television show Making The Band 3, they were able to capitalize on their exposure and garner a platinum album and single. Their two albums, Danity Kane (2006) and Welcome to the Dollhouse (2008), both debuted at the top of the Billboard charts (the first ever to do so). Yet, it all ended rather tragically and suddenly when Sean "P. Diddy" Combs, fired two of the members and ultimately let two others out of their contracts.
Their downfall left a lot of bad blood between the girls, so the fact that they are able to get back together is momentous. Still, the question lingers: Where is D. Woods? Well, you never know the true story behind these things, but in a statement to US Weekly, she claims that she has other commitments:
"Much love to the ladies of DK!! They have decided to reunite and I, like our amazing fans, will be cheering them on. For the past couple of years, myself and the other DK members have been working on other projects individually, such as music, film, television, theater and philanthropy and I have recently signed on to several projects that will have me committed for the next year. My latest single "Gold Mine" is now available everywhere! If the opportunity presents itself, I would definitely be open to recording and/or performing with Danity Kane again. I appreciate all the love and support of DK and myself. God bless!"
Pretty slick there. Almost didn't catch the shameless self-promotion.
It was smart to leave the door open for her return, but I can't see what projects she has in the pipeline that could be more important than this opportunity. What kind of iron-clad contract did she sign? And let's be honest here, the two most successful members of the group have been Aubrey O'Day and Dawn Richard. D. Woods, for all of her efforts, hasn't amounted to much more than a glorified video girl and feature artist. And the single that she so conveniently mentioned in her statement, "Gold Mine", has been panned as a pseudo-prostitute anthem.
She's doing wonders for the self-esteem of girls everywhere.
In a musical landscape that is bursting with talentless gimmicks, I'm optimistic about Danity Kane giving it another try. Judging by the promo picture, they're looking better than ever. They can all actually sing and dance, and now that they are all a bit more seasoned, who knows what caliber of music they could produce.
Are you excited for the return of Danity Kane? Is losing D. Woods a good or a bad thing? Tell us what you think in the comments section below!
Want More Convos Like This One?
October 30, 2014 Danity Kane's 'DK3' Mirrors the Group's Discord
May 20, 2014 Danity Kane Is Hemorrhaging People But They Won't Quit [VIDEO]
May 15, 2014 Danity Kane Premieres New Single 'Lemonade' featuring Tyga
October 4, 2012 The Music You Should Be Listening To: Dawn Richard
October 4, 2013 Music Video Roundup: Britney, John Legend, Keyshia Cole & More
December 18, 2013 Danity Kane Revisited
Co-Founder/Editor
Daren is one half of the Water Cooler Convos team. He's a writer, music connoisseur, and comic book geek who spends his free time working on his novel and other short stories.
Latest posts by Daren W. Jackson (see all)
Why the Grammys don't matter anymore - February 15, 2019
Y'all aren't checking for the Emmys anymore, and it's about time - September 24, 2018
ABC doesn't deserve kudos for canceling 'Roseanne' - May 29, 2018
An open letter to Donald Glover, Childish Gambino, and his anti-Black "This Is America" video - May 14, 2018
The legacy 'Scandal' leaves behind - April 20, 2018
Tags: ArtsyAubrey O'DayAundrea FimbresD. WoodsDamagedDanity KaneDaren W. JacksonDawn RichardDiddyGold MineMTVnew musicreunionSean CombsShannon BexVideo Music Awards
Next story Could We Ever Have a March on Washington Today?
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Emeli Sande's 'Long Live The Angels' Delves into Spirituality
by Daren W. Jackson · Published November 14, 2016 · Last modified November 16, 2016
'Avengers: Age of Ultron' Trailer Astounds
by Daren W. Jackson · Published October 24, 2014 · Last modified January 4, 2016
"Thanks For Nothing, Jay-Z" Said Black People Everywhere
by Jenn M. Jackson · Published November 17, 2013 · Last modified January 26, 2018


Above, Ken Pavlov, of CT, flew to Oshkosh 2017 in his 3.3L Corvair powered Zenith 601XL. The plane now has 578 hours on it. The first 502 were on his 2,700 cc Corvair.
When he mentioned opting to add 600cc in displacement by reassembling the engine around a Weseman 3.3L billet Crankshaft, many people asked "What was wrong with the 2,700?" Answer: Nothing. The engine served him for 502 hours, and no one flies that kind of time on a home built in 3 years if the installation is problematic.
In reality, Ken used and enjoyed the engine he started with his plane project in 2007. However, a decade later, his career and life have advanced to the point that he can afford any engine he desires. His choice to upgrade to a maximum output, finest quality, state of the art engine is just an extension of his satisfaction with the Corvair, reflects the option all Corvair builders have to increase power and take advantage of advancements without 'starting over' and is a direct reflection of Ken's good judgement to invest in the aircraft he flies his family in.
It is ironic that a builder who puts a $5k paint job on his plane, an expenditure which does nothing to increase the aircrafts performance nor reliability is greeted with near universal praise, but a guy who opts for a dramatic performance increase via new, American made parts, must explain to many of the same people the logic of his choice.
Although Ken was not born in America, this country has been the recipient of his complete allegiance since he was child. His choice to spend his dollars on American engineering and manufacturing, and thus directly support employment in this country is a reflection of his gratitude for becoming a citizen of this country, a great fortune all to frequently taken for granted by those born here.
A beautiful American built and engineered machine made better.
May we ask for before and after performance specs ?


The SEC has approved 12 Regulation A+ offerings (and about 40 initial Form 1-A filings have been made) since the new Regulation A+ rules became effective in June. The companies now raising money under Regulation A+ include a dental device manufacturer, technology companies, an automaker, a cannabis company and a bank. Regulation A+ allows private companies to raise up to $50 million by selling debt or equity to the public without having to meet all of the requirements of a traditional initial public offering.
Many of the companies using Regulation A+ are true startups, but some are existing businesses with customer revenue and operations. Dental device manufacturer Sun Dental Holdings is notable because it is using a registered broker-dealer placement agent to conduct its offering. Many of the approved offerings seek to publicly sell securities that likely will not result in loss of control for the current owners or require mandatory distributions or dividends, despite potentially raising millions.
We reported previously in April 2014 on the ruling by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit striking down the part of the SEC's conflict minerals rules that requires a registrant to describe its products as not "DRC conflict free" and upholding the remainder of the conflict minerals rules. Upon a rehearing of the case by the D.C. Circuit, the court on Aug. 18, 2015 reaffirmed its previous decision by a 2-1 vote.
The SEC has proposed rules that require the securities exchanges to adopt rules that in turn require listed companies to adopt, disclose and comply with a clawback policy for executive compensation based on erroneous financial statements. The new rules would apply to almost all companies listed on a securities exchange (such as NASDAQ and NYSE), including smaller reporting companies.
Are the correct "executive officers" included under the policy?
Is "incentive-based compensation" properly understood under the policy?
What types of, and how much, incentive-based compensation must be clawed back?
What types of clawback terms should be included in employment agreements?
What types of companies might use Regulation A+ to raise capital?
Recently finalized Regulation A+ allows most private companies to raise up to $50 million by selling securities to the public. Companies using Regulation A+ can advertise the offering and solicit investors, and anyone can invest (subject to some reasonable investment limits for non-accredited investors).
Owners of a company raising capital with Regulation A+ can sell up to $15 million of their own securities in the company as part of the offering, and there are no limits on the resale of the securities (except for affiliates), assuming a secondary market actually develops.
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has approved the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority's FINRA Rule 2040, which will permit the payment of compensation, fees, concessions, discounts, commissions or other allowances to unregistered persons if a member firm determines the activities of the unregistered person in question do not require registration as a broker-dealer. Support for the determination can be derived by, among other things, reasonably relying on previously published releases, no-action letters or SEC staff interpretations, seeking a no-action letter from the SEC or obtaining a legal opinion from an independent, reputable U.S. licensed counsel knowledgeable in the area.
A member firm's determination must be reasonable under the circumstances and should be reviewed from time to time, suggested to be annually by FINRA, if payments to unregistered persons are ongoing. In addition, a member firm must maintain books and records that support the member firm's determination.
Yesterday, the SEC announced penalties totaling approximately $2.6 million against directors, officers, beneficial owners and issuers for failure to promptly report information about holdings and transactions in company stock.
The primary enforcement weapon for these types of failures historically has been public shaming: Rule 405 of Regulation S-K requires issuers to identify insiders who failed to file Section 16 reports on time during the previous year. But, apparently, based on yesterday's announcement, the SEC also will levy fines against issuers and individual insiders for chronic filing failures.
The SEC final rules on conflict minerals, adopted Aug. 22, 2012, pursuant to Section 1502 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, require companies to publicly disclose their use of conflict minerals that originated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo or an adjoining country. See SEC Adopts Final Rules for Disclosing Use of Conflict Minerals (posted Aug. 24, 2012). Additionally, the conflict mineral rules have been the subject of much litigation during the past two years, which has provided no clarity to companies as to their compliance obligations.
On July 23, 2014, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced that it adopted amendments to the rules governing money market mutual funds. Read a copy of the final rules.
These amendments complete some long-awaited steps to make structural and operational reforms to address risks of investor runs in money market funds to address investor runs out of funds as occurred during the 2008 financial crisis. Specifically, the new rules require institutional prime money market funds to value the funds on a floating net asset value rather than a fixed $1 share price. Additionally, the rules allow money market funds boards to impose liquidity fees and redemption gates during periods of financial stress.
We reported previously on the ruling by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit striking down the part of the SEC's conflict minerals rules that requires a registrant to describe its products as not "DRC conflict free" and upholding the remainder of the conflict minerals rules. Many observers have been eagerly awaiting the SEC's response to this decision, including whether the SEC will delay the implementation of the conflict minerals rules.
If a registrant voluntarily elects to describe any of its products as "DRC conflict free" in its conflict minerals report, it would be permitted to do so provided it had obtained an independent private sector audit (IPSA) as required by the conflict minerals rules. Pending further action from the SEC, an IPSA will not be required unless a registrant voluntarily elects to describe a product as "DRC conflict free" in its conflict minerals report.
On April 24, 2014, Siliconware Precision Industries Co., Ltd. (Siliconware) earned the distinction of being the first registrant to file a conflict minerals report on Form SD. Here are links to Siliconware's Form SD and its conflict minerals report. Although the filing deadline is not until June 2, 2014, this example gives registrants a glimpse of what conflict minerals disclosure might look like.
Siliconware reported that its due diligence efforts showed a portion of its products to be "DRC conflict undeterminable" and the remainder to be "DRC conflict free," as those terms are defined in the Exchange Act. Siliconware chose to use these terms, which were prescribed in the conflict minerals rules, notwithstanding the fact that the requirement to use those specific terms was recently struck down by U.S. Court of Appeals on First Amendment grounds.
On April 14, 2014, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit issued its ruling in the challenge to the SEC's conflict minerals rules. The court struck down the requirement that an issuer describe its products as not "DRC conflict free" because it violates the First Amendment by compelling speech by the issuer. However, the Court upheld other key parts of the conflict minerals rules, including without limitation the lack of a de minimis exception, the country of origin due diligence requirement and the extension of the rules to issuers that "contract to manufacture" products.
Earlier this month, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued a no-action letter indicating the staff of the Division of Trading and Markets would not recommend enforcement action if an "M&A broker" were to engage in the transfer of the ownership and control of a privately held company through the purchase, sale or transfer involving securities or assets of the company, to a buyer who will actively operate the company or the business conducted with the assets of the company, without registering as a broker-dealer.
facilitate an M&A transaction with a group of buyers if the group was formed with the assistance of the M&A broker.
The buyer in the M&A transaction may not be a passive investor. The buyer must acquire control and actively operate the company or the business conducted with the assets of the company. Control may be acquired through the ownership of securities, by contact or otherwise. Control is presumed to exist if the buyer or group of buyers has the right to vote 25% or more of a class of voting securities or in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, has the right to receive upon dissolution or has contributed 25% or more of the capital.
A "deferred prosecution agreement" (or DPA) is not a new concept to government prosecutors or to SEC Chairman Mary Jo White, but it is new to the SEC. Under a DPA, the government agrees to withhold prosecution in exchange for enforcement assistance — providing information, implementing internal compliance policies, or other cooperation with SEC investigations.
This tool has been around for a long time (Mary Jo White used it back in her days as a federal prosecutor) but the SEC did not use it until 2011 when it agreed to a DPA with the steel pipe products company Tenaris S.A. In agreeing to the Tenaris DPA, the SEC announced "its first-ever use of the approach to facilitate and reward cooperation in SEC investigations." The SEC promised to refrain from civil prosecution of anti-bribery charges against Tenaris in exchange for the company's strengthening and enforcing stricter internal compliance policies.
Now, the Commission announced that it has, for the first time, agreed to a DPA with an individual, Scott Herckis of Heppelwhite Fund LP. Heppelwhite, a Connecticut-based hedge fund, was charged in 2012 with misleading investors and misappropriating fund assets. Herckis was the fund's administrator from 2010 to 2012. The Commission credits Herckis' "voluntary and significant cooperation" in its decision to file an enforcement action against Hepplewhite. Last month, a federal judge in New York ordered the distribution of $6 million of the assets of Heppelwhite's founder, Berton Hochfeld, to defrauded investors.
In March, an affiliate of SAC Capital agreed to a record high settlement of $616 million for charges of insider trading. As it turned out, the SEC was only getting started with the company and its owner, Steve Cohen. In July, both Cohen and SAC Capital were themselves indicted on insider trading.
As if setting a new record-high settlement wasn't enough, the settlement terms give no shelter to Cohen, personally. The settlement states outright that it provides "no immunity from prosecution for any individual and does not restrict the government from charging any individual for any criminal offense." By refusing to grant immunity to Cohen in this deal, the SEC confirmed that it will continue its civil investigation of the billionaire hedge fund manager and is even considering criminal charges in the future.
The SEC voted unanimously to propose rules regulating the offering and selling of securities through "crowdfunding". Crowdfunding – a method of raising money through small sums contributed by many individuals – has become an internet mainstay. But so far, crowdfunding websites (such as Kickstarter or Indiegogo) constructed their platforms so as to avoid falling under SEC regulation. In particular, the traditional crowdfunding method does not offer financial returns on an investment or a share in a company's profits.
Investors will be subject to income-based limits on the total amount of securities they can purchase through crowdfunding within a 12-month period. No investor will be able to invest more than $100,000 in crowdfunding-based securities within a 12-month period.
Certain companies will be ineligible to raise funds through crowdfunding, including: companies that are already SEC-reporting companies, non-U.S. companies, companies with no specific business plan, and certain investment companies.
Companies will be required to file certain information with the SEC.
Companies are required to disclose certain information to the crowdfunding platform and prospective investors, such as financial statements, related-party transactions, the company's business plan, and description of the offering.
Crowdfunding platforms will have to become registered with the SEC, either as broker-dealers or funding portals.
After "refusing to be bullied" into settlement, Mark Cuban, the billionaire owner of the Dallas Mavericks, won over a Texas jury and was cleared of insider trading charges brought by the SEC. The nine-person jury in the federal court in Dallas determined that Cuban did not violate federal securities laws in selling his stake in Mamma.com in 2004. Cuban was accused of using material, non-public information in deciding to sell his Mamma.com shares, avoiding a $750,000 loss.
The trial centered around a conversation between Cuban and then-CEO of Mamma, Guy Faure, in which Faure informed Cuban of an upcoming equity transaction that would dilute Cuban's ownership stake in the company. Testimony at the trial boiled down to comparing Faure's and Cuban's accounts of their conversation. In the end, the SEC failed to convince the jury, among other elements of insider trading, that Cuban promised to keep the information confidential or that the information was not already in the public domain.
SEC Approaches Shutdown: What Functions Will Continue?
At the beginning of the federal shutdown, the SEC announced that it would continue to operate as normal "for a few weeks" because of its ability to access a pool of funds not available to other federal agencies. But as we continue into the third week of the federal shutdown, that ambiguous timeline of a "few weeks" may be nearing an end. In the event the SEC runs out of its backup funding, it has a contingency plan, which it released in late September.
Following is a summary of what functions will, and won't, continue in the event of an SEC shutdown.
On Oct. 10, 2013, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) announced that Rodrigo Terpins and his brother, Michel Terpins, have agreed to pay $5 million to settle charges that they were behind suspicious trading in call H.J. Heinz Company options one day before the company publicly announced its acquisition by Berkshire Hathaway and 3G Capital. In an amended complaint filed in federal court in Manhattan, the SEC alleges that Rodrigo Terpins, through a Caymans Islands-based entity named Alpine Swift, placed the order to purchase nearly $90,000 in option positions in Heinz based on material non-public information that he received from his brother Michel Terpins.


This was my first foray into vaporwave back in 2015. All other VW releases I've listened to pale in comparison. I've concluded that this release is a rare gem in a sea of silicates. Oh Well. At least the bonus track is a nice addition. Eerily reorienting.
La vida está llena de placeres, pero en esta ocasión quisiera centrarme en el simple acto de dormir. El acto de tirarse a la cama, acomodarse, estirarse, sea una siesta o la hora de despedir la jornada. Ahora, me gustaría redoblar la apuesta: qué tal todo eso junto, pero con lluvia de fondo, chocando con la terraza, los vidrios, el suelo, etc.
this is one of my most go-to album whenever I just need a moment to sit back and ease my mind while looking at the city lights outside my window.
so yeah, I am biased with this one.
EDIT: couldnt seem to enjoy this again as much as i did the first time. still good, but i over scored it.
more of an experience than an album really. this project has a flawless execution, and as far as vaporwave goes, its pretty catchy. im pretty new to this genre, but i was very impressed by this album, especially with the wind and rain sounds. the implementation of nature into this project was an awesome addition, making it put you in a place.
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Our Biggest Fear – enough. Our Biggest Fear – enough.
As I am writing this blog with the intention to encourage all of us to embrace ourselves and feel we are enough. The experience of writing about things brings to light how inadequate and unworthy I feel attempting to teach this message .I have struggled with this for as long as I can remember. Indeed, we teach that which we most want to learn.
I remember locking myself in my dormitory my junior year of college with both my brother and teammate knocking at my door. I was fortunate enough to attend college on a swimming scholarship. I had been voted team captain and rumor was, I was the top seed going into the national competition. On one hand, this sound like a great opportunity, yet I was paralyzed by fear. Who am I to lead my team and deserve such a gift? Who am I to have this power? And that fear, held me back from many opportunities.
I found myself wondering lately, when did I become so protective of myself? When did I start seeing talents and strengths as paralyzing realizations?
So I reflected on my childhood. Before I knew I was told I was good or that people were watching me, I just did my best. I cultivated my talents and followed my bliss. I didn't know to fear parts of myself. It was once the expectations and labels were placed that I began to fear my strengths.
I started to fear the responsibility that came with the awareness that my actions influenced people. Also the unspoken assumption that when you shine, people expect you to continue shining and a feeling of trying to control something I knew I was ultimately powerless over.
Perhaps it is as Spiderman says, "with great power comes great responsibility." I believe it is a great responsibility to own the power we have over who we become and how we impact this world. We can spend so much time and energy running from our fears by seeking certainty and security. All that fear and business blocks out our light. It can be scary to recognize that you are in control of what you create or do not create. Yet isn't that how we free ourselves to live?
Living requires letting go of your ideas and delusions about what makes you safe. It takes faith, trust and surrendering control and we don't hear a lot about those in these days. It is scary to live, I mean really live.
We can't explain or grasp the mystery or energy we have inside of us and perhaps we aren't meant to. Perhaps our greatest power is much like a tree that stands tall all the while providing oxygen to support all of life. The tree just knows its purpose and allows itself to do what is was created to do. It is present to the mystery without taking too much or too little. Nature knows it is good enough, it knows nothing of fear.
The reality is that we don't get to keep anything, our joys or our sorrows. They are fleeting and and will come and go just like the seasons. Nature certainly does have a lot to each us. And when we deeply see this, that we don't get to keep anything, we feel free to give away that which is timeless and transforms us. Love. That love and power is not ours to keep either. It is the power that is channeled through us, we merely can chose to allow the energy to shine it or resist it.
I was scared in college and I am scared now writing these words, but I am learning to trust. I watched a fantastic documentary called Journey of the Universe. The documentary shared research that the universe was created at the perfect speed. If it was created any quicker or slower, the conditions would not have been what they needed to be to allow the remarkable creation to unfold. We are part of that universe and remarkable creation. So perhaps we are exactly where we need to be, growing at the exact speed we are supposed to, not too fast and not to slow. We are not inadequate, we are exactly who are meant to be.