The statewide gas price average in Texas is $2.63 for a gallon of regular unleaded fuel, according to the AAA Texas Weekend Gas Watch. That price is two cents less than last week and is 46 cents more per gallon compared to this day last year. Of the major metropolitan areas surveyed in Texas, drivers in Midland are paying the most on average at $3.08 while drivers in McAllen and San Antonio are paying the least at $2.53 per gallon. The national average price for a gallon of regular unleaded is $2.87, which is the same as this day last week and 51 cents more than the price per gallon at this same time last year.
Fluctuating oil prices and slower demand kept prices in Texas from rising week-to-week, however drivers are paying the most expensive August gas prices since 2014. Near record demand in previous weeks forced prices to rise at the end of July into early August. If demand continues to drop, drivers could experience some relief at the gas pump through the remainder of the month.
While gas prices in the south and southeastern regions of the U.S. remain some of the lowest in the country, drivers are paying 54 cents more, on average, for a gallon of regular unleaded compared to one year ago.


When a dish, in this case a sandwich, has only four ingredients, five if you count freshly ground black pepper, the importance of the quality of those few ingredients is paramount to culinary success. It's a lesson in good cooking, even though nothing is "cooked" in this case.
Bread, untoasted. Today I bought a small loaf of fresh baked whole wheat sourdough from a local farmer's market. I sliced two pieces . . .
Mayonnaise (or butter for the Mayo averse) Best Foods only sells one size of their mayo packaged in glass – 8oz. This one Best Foods product in a glass container tastes so much better than all the rest of their same mayonnaise offerings, all of which are packaged in plastic. If you don't like mayonnaise (and I know many folks who do not) then use best quality unsalted butter and salt it yourself with quality sea salt such as Maldon.
1/2 organic Cucumber, organic, washed and thinly sliced.
Slather the bread slices with mayonnaise (or butter).
Lay any large basil leaves on the mayonnaise, then add the cucumber slices and finish with small basil leaves and blossoms and pepper to taste.
So what's the cooking lesson from this sandwich?
Darina Allen of the Ballymaloe Cookery School in County Cork, Ireland contends that "80% of good cooking is in the shopping". And this sandwich is the case in point; excellent bread, tastiest mayonnaise, organic produce and homegrown herbs. Completely delicious and the essence of good cooking!
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In recent years, we have, as a community, seen a spike in substance misuse and substance misuse related deaths. This epidemic has reached across all ages, races, professions, and income levels. Our Willows Substance Use Treatment Center has been a safe space for women struggling with co-occurring substance use and trauma to receive the support they need. We are happy to announce that we are moving to the Manchester Recovery and Treatment Center located at 267 Wilson Street, Manchester, NH, (former Hoitt Furniture building) and our program size will be doubling.
Not only will we be able to now help 400 women each year in their recovery, but we will be able to house 40 women in our new recovery housing. 11 one-bedroom apartments will be available for women in recovery with children and 8 multiple occupancy units will be available for single women in recovery. The recovery housing will be staffed 24/7 to reduce the possibility of relapse and provide around the clock support for those transitioning into substance-free living.
Considering that 80% of women seeking treatment for drug abuse report histories of sexual or physical assault, Families in Transition-New Horizons's Willows Substance Use Treatment Center uses trauma-informed care to help women develop coping skills for addiction and trauma histories and to rebuild a sense of control and empowerment. With a treatment program that is trauma informed and gender-specific, the programming fills a key gap in services for females while also reducing the public health implications of substance misuse.
The Manchester Recovery and Treatment Center (MRTC) will also house HOPE for New Hampshire Recovery and The Mental Health Center of Manchester. Working together through public and private collaborations, we have begun to transform the former Hoitt Furniture building on Wilson Street in Manchester, NH, with the intent of developing a large scale recovery and treatment center to curb the tide of substance misuse in our community. The MRTC will serve as a one-stop-shop for individuals struggling with substance use to find the help and support they need. Area service providers are partnering together to offer services such as: recovery support, treatment programming, recovery housing, mental health services, and connection with recovery-friendly employers.
To learn more about our expansion, HOPE for NH Recovery, and how you can support the MRTC click here.
Families in Transition-New Horizons (FIT-NH) held a groundbreaking ceremony for construction of the second and third floors of the Manchester Recovery and Treatment Center on Tuesday, February 21, 2017.
The Families in Transition-New Horizons Willows Substance Use Treatment Center and HOPE for New Hampshire Recovery, through the Community Development Finance Authority (CDFA), received $300,000 and $600,000 respectively, in NH State Tax Credits for businesses to support our project. Through the Tax Credit Program, companies receive a state business tax credit worth 75% the contribution pledged. In fact, after federal tax benefits are accounted for, it typically only costs 11% of their donation. To learn more about tax credits and to calculate how much your business's donation would cost click here.
Our community has been extremely supportive of this expansion and we have secured all of the $300,000 in tax credits for this project. Thank you to our loyal supporters! We couldn't have done it without you. To see FIT-NH's current corporate supporters, please click here.


text:
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max ddp modified
To ask the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, what powers and freedoms relating to (a) skills and employment, (b) housing and (c) economic development have been devolved since May 2010 to (i) local government and (ii) local enterprise partnerships.
Fiona Bruce
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Jenny Chapman
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Kilmarnock and Loudoun
Cathy Jamieson
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To ask Mr Chancellor of the Exchequer, how many non-UK EEA nationals had dependants eligible to receive child benefit where the dependant is (a) in the UK and (b) outside the UK on 1 January 2014; and how much has been paid in such a fashion in each of the last three years.
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To ask Her Majesty's Government whether the Cabinet Office prepares any management information or reports that provide comparisons between departments; and, if so, which areas they cover.
To ask Her Majesty's Government, further to the remark by Lord Wallace of Saltaire on 5 February that "the last point is one that I will take back, as we are certainly considering how best to encourage all this" (HL Deb, col 195), what steps have been taken towards enclosing electoral registration forms in their communications with young people, both on- and offline.
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DESCRIBE <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/31448> <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/47405> <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/447> <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/31321> <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/28185> <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/33120> <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/46397> <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/31322> <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/33630> <http://data.parliament.uk/resources/46398>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
#ifndef _RIGIDBODY_H_
#define _RIGIDBODY_H_

/*

Rigid body dynamics
============================================

Classes 'RigidBody' and 'RigidBody_GeneralTensor'
implement 6-DOF rigid dynamics of a single rigid body, as explained,
for example, in:

David Baraff:
"An Introduction to Physically Based Modeling:
 Rigid Body Simulation I: Unconstrained Rigid Body Dynamics"
(SIGGRAPH 97 Course Notes)
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~baraff/pbm/pbm.html

In other words, these two classes allow you to simulate the
motion of a single rigid body, under any specified (potentially
time-varying) external forces and torques. Arbitrary tensors
of inertia are supported.  The solution is computed by numerically
timestepping the ordinary differential equations of rigid body
motion, derived from the Newton's 2nd law, and conservation of
linear momentum and angular momentum.

For example, ballistic motion can be simulated
if gravity is used as the external force.
Objects bouncing off the ground/impacting other objects
can be simulated if you combine
'RigidBody' (or 'RigidBody_GeneralTensor')
with a collision detection algorithm that provides
the contact external (penalty-based) forces.
Impulse simulations are not directly supported; however
the API does allow you to instantenously change
linear velocity/angular velocity, provided you compute
the velocity changes yourself.

Why are there two classes
('RigidBody' and 'RigidBody_GeneralTensor')?
============================================================

Use 'RigidBody' class if the inertia tensor around the
center of mass, **in the rest** configuration, with respect to the
world coordinate axes, is diagonal. This doesn't mean that the inertia
tensor around the center of mass will be diagonal for arbitrary object
rotations, the assumption is only that the tensor **at rest** be diagonal.

Use 'RigidBody_GeneralTensor' class for a general 3x3 matrix
inertia tensor in the rest configuration.

Both 'RigidBody' and 'RigidBody_GeneralTensor' correctly treat
the inertia tensor as non-diagonal for non-identity rotations.

The reason for making 'RigidBody' a separate class is that
time-stepping is slightly faster for 'RigidBody' since the
internal update of the current inertia tensor can be made simpler.

How is the position/orientation of a rigid body defined in this class?
======================================================================

The current configuration of the rigid body is specified by the
current world coordinate position of the center of mass
(this can be retrieved/set via the 'Position' vector),
and by specifying the current rotation of the object around the center of mass.
(this can be retrieved/set via the 'Rotation' matrix).
One way to visualize this is to first position the object's center of mass to
position 'Position', then rotate the object around the center of mass
by the rotation matrix 'Rotation'.

Here is an alternative explanation:
Suppose the body is initially positioned such that the center of mass
coincides with the origin of the world coordinate system and suppose
the location of some material point on the object is given by a
3-dim vector X, in the world coordinate system.
Then, the current location of this material point, again in the world
coordinate system, equals:
Position + Rotation * X,
where Position is the current location of the center of mass, and
Rotation is the current rotation of the object around its center of mass.

The routines in this class timestep Position and Rotation according
to your provided external forces, using the explicit Euler integrator.
They do not provide any code to
actually display the rigid body on the screen. For that, you need
to use a 3D graphics library, such as OpenGL.

How to use the classes?
=======================

You must:
1. Specify object rigid body parameters (in the constructor):
  1.1. mass, and
  1.2. inertia tensor in the rest configuration. This tensor is a 3x3 matrix and must be given with respect to the world-coordinate axes, and around the center of mass.
2. Provide external forces and torques at every timestep.
3. Call the explicit Euler integrator routine to time-step the dynamics to the next time step

At any timestep, you can query object position/rotation, velocity/angular velocity, linear/angular momentum, current inertia tensor (with respect to world-coordinate axes), etc.

See also example.cpp.

Misc
====

Code version: 1.0

All matrices are stored in row-major format:

    [ A[0] A[1] A[2] ]
A = [ A[3] A[4] A[5] ]
    [ A[6] A[7] A[8] ]

Dependencies: the Quaternion C++ class

Things to do:
Implement a higher order integrator, such as Runge-Kutta 2nd order
or 4th order. Add support for impulses.

*/

#include <string.h>
#include "quaternion.h"

class RigidBody
{
public:

  // inertia tensor parameter refers to the following coordinate system (and with body's rotation = identity)
  //   origin: center of mass
  //   axes: aligned with world-coordinate-system axes
  // constructor will set position and rotation to zero/identity, use SetPosition/Rotation to place the object wherever you want
  // assumes diagonal inertia tensor at rest (and given by diag(inertiaTensorAtRestX,inertiaTensorAtRestY,inertiaTensorAtRestZ))
  RigidBody(double mass, double inertiaTensorAtRestX, double inertiaTensorAtRestY, double inertiaTensorAtRestZ);
  virtual ~RigidBody() {};

  // === query current state ===

  inline void GetPosition(double * x, double * y, double * z);
  inline void GetPointPosition(double X, double Y, double Z, double * x, double * y, double * z); // retrieve current world-coordinate position of a point which has world-coordinates (X,Y,Z) when center of mass is at the world-coordinate origin, and rotation is identity
  inline void GetRotation(double * R);
  inline Quaternion<double> GetQuaternion(); // returns the quaternion corresponding to the current rotation
  inline void GetVelocity(double * vx, double * vy, double * vz);
  inline void GetAngularVelocity(double * wx, double * wy, double * wz);
  inline void GetAngularMomentum(double * amx, double * amy, double * amz);
  inline double GetMass(); // returns the mass
  inline void GetInertiaTensor(double * IT); // returns the current inertia tensor (row-major 3x3 matrix)
  void TransformToLocal(double * globalVector, double * localVector); // transform a world-coordinate vector to the frame of the rigid object
  void TransformToGlobal(double * localVector, double * globalVector); // transform a world-coordinate vector to the frame of the rigid object

  // === set current state ===

  // NOTE: all of the following routines of course also update the internal simulation state as necessary, e.g. if you change angular velocity, angular momentum will also be updated
  inline void SetPosition(double x, double y, double z); // updates the position of the center of mass
    // updates the position of the center of mass, such that point with material coordinates (X,Y,Z) (in object's coordinate system) ends up at world-coordinate position (posx,posy,posz)
  inline void SetPosition(double X, double Y, double Z, double posx, double posy, double posz);
  inline void SetRotation(double R[9]); // updates the rotation
  inline void SetRotation(Quaternion<double> q); // updates the rotation
  inline void SetVelocity(double vx, double vy, double vz);
  inline void SetAngularVelocity(double wx, double wy, double wz);
  inline void SetAngularMomentum(double amx, double amy, double amz);
  inline void ResetBodyToRest(); // resets position to the origin, rotation to identity, and linear and angular velocities to zero
  void SetToAnotherBody(RigidBody & anotherBody); // set position, velocity, rotation and angular velocity to that of "anotherBody"

  // === prescribe external forces/torques ===

  // all the forces and torques remain active (for all subsequent timesteps) until explicitly changed; use ResetWrenches() to reset to zero or Set* to set to a new value
  // the torques refer to the coordinate system where the origin is at the center of mass, and where the axes are aligned with the world coordinate axes
  // (and not with the body's axes!!)
  // you need to set the forces and torques separately; setting the forces doesn't set any torques
  inline void ResetExternalForce(); // does not reset torques
  inline void SetExternalForce(double fx, double fy, double fz); // sets the current total external force
  inline void AddExternalForce(double fx, double fy, double fz); // force is added to whatever force already previously specified
  inline void ResetExternalTorque(); // does not reset forces
  inline void SetExternalTorque(double tx, double ty, double tz); // sets the current total external torque
  inline void AddExternalTorque(double tx, double ty, double tz); // torque is added to whatever torques already previously specified
  inline void ResetWrenches() { ResetExternalForce(); ResetExternalTorque(); }

  // this helper function computes torque arising from a single force f acting at world-coordinate position forcePos
  // NOTE: you must still call one of the above functions to actually set the torque,  i.e. call (Set/Add)ExternalTorque(tx,ty,tz) after computing the torque via ComputeTorque
  inline void ComputeTorque(double forcePosx, double forcePosy, double forcePosz,
	                    double fx, double fy, double fz,
	                    double * tx, double * ty, double * tz);

  // upVector must be normalized
  inline void AddGravity(double g=9.81, double upVectorx = 0.0, double upVectory = 1.0, double upVectorz = 0.0);
  void SetLinearDamping(double linearDampingCoef); // force = - linearDampingCoef * velocity (default: 0.0)
  void SetRotationalDamping(double rotationalDampingCoef); // torque = - dampingCoef * angularVelocity (default: 0.0)

  // === timestepping functions ===

  // performs one step of Euler integration, i.e. advances solution
  // from t to t + timestep
  void EulerStep(double timestep);
  void EulerStepSymplectic(double timestep);
  void RK2(double timestep); // unimplemented

protected:

  // computes the inertia tensor (given the current rotation matrix)
  virtual void ComputeInertiaTensor(double intertiaTensor[9]);

  // computes the angular velocity from the angular momentum
  // via equation w = (R * I_body^{-1} * R^T) L
  // using the current rotation matrix
  virtual void ComputeAngularVelocity();

  // computes angular momentum from the angular velocity, using the equation L = I * w
  // assumes that I and w have been pre-set to the correct values
  void ComputeAngularMomentum();

  double positionX, positionY, positionZ; // world-coordinate position of center
  double velocityX, velocityY, velocityZ; // world-coordinate position of center

  double R[9]; // orientation matrix

  double mass;

  double externalForceX, externalForceY, externalForceZ;
  double externalTorqueX, externalTorqueY, externalTorqueZ;

  double angularVelocityX, angularVelocityY, angularVelocityZ;
  double angularMomentumX, angularMomentumY, angularMomentumZ;

  Quaternion<double> q;

  double linearDampingCoef;
  double rotationalDampingCoef;

  // inertia tensor are with respect to the world coordinate system
  double inertiaTensorAtRestX, inertiaTensorAtRestY, inertiaTensorAtRestZ; // the diagonal components of inertiaTensorAtRest
  double inverseInertiaTensorAtRestX, inverseInertiaTensorAtRestY, inverseInertiaTensorAtRestZ; // the diagonal components of inverseInertiaTensorAtRest

  void Invert3x3Matrix(double * A, double * AInv);
};

/************* INLINED FUNCTIONS **********************************/

inline void RigidBody::ResetExternalForce()
{
  externalForceX = externalForceY = externalForceZ = 0;
}

inline void RigidBody::ResetExternalTorque()
{
  externalTorqueX = externalTorqueY = externalTorqueZ = 0;
}

inline void RigidBody::SetPosition(double x, double y, double z)
{
  positionX = x;
  positionY = y;
  positionZ = z;
}

inline void RigidBody::SetRotation(double R[9])
{
  memcpy(this->R,R,sizeof(double)*9);

  // update the quaternion
  q = Quaternion<double>::Matrix2Quaternion(R);
  ComputeAngularMomentum();
}

inline void RigidBody::SetRotation(Quaternion<double> q)
{
  this->q = q;
  q.Quaternion2Matrix(R);
  ComputeAngularMomentum();
}

inline void RigidBody::SetExternalForce(double fx, double fy, double fz)
{
  externalForceX = fx;
  externalForceY = fy;
  externalForceZ = fz;
}

inline void RigidBody::AddExternalForce(double fx, double fy, double fz)
{
  externalForceX += fx;
  externalForceY += fy;
  externalForceZ += fz;
}

inline void RigidBody::SetExternalTorque(double tx, double ty, double tz)
{
  externalTorqueX = tx;
  externalTorqueY = ty;
  externalTorqueZ = tz;
}

inline void RigidBody::AddExternalTorque(double tx, double ty, double tz)
{
  externalTorqueX += tx;
  externalTorqueY += ty;
  externalTorqueZ += tz;
}

inline void RigidBody::ComputeTorque
  (double forcePosx, double forcePosy, double forcePosz,
   double fx, double fy, double fz,
   double * tx, double * ty, double * tz)
{
  double rx,ry,rz;

  // compute the torque handle
  rx = forcePosx - positionX;
  ry = forcePosy - positionY;
  rz = forcePosz - positionZ;

  // t = r x f
  *tx = ry * fz - fy * rz;
  *ty = fx * rz - rx * fz;
  *tz = rx * fy - fx * ry;
}

inline void RigidBody::AddGravity(double g, double upVectorx, double upVectory, double upVectorz)
{
  double force = mass * g;

  externalForceX -= upVectorx * force;
  externalForceY -= upVectory * force;
  externalForceZ -= upVectorz * force;
}

// computes angular momentum, using the equation L = I * w
// assumes that I and w have been pre-set to the correct values
inline void RigidBody::ComputeAngularMomentum()
{
  double inertiaTensor[9];
  ComputeInertiaTensor(inertiaTensor);
  angularMomentumX = inertiaTensor[0] * angularVelocityX + inertiaTensor[1] * angularVelocityY + inertiaTensor[2] * angularVelocityZ;
  angularMomentumY = inertiaTensor[3] * angularVelocityX + inertiaTensor[4] * angularVelocityY + inertiaTensor[5] * angularVelocityZ;
  angularMomentumZ = inertiaTensor[6] * angularVelocityX + inertiaTensor[7] * angularVelocityY + inertiaTensor[8] * angularVelocityZ;
}

inline void RigidBody::SetVelocity(double vx, double vy, double vz)
{
  velocityX = vx;
  velocityY = vy;
  velocityZ = vz;
}

inline void RigidBody::SetAngularVelocity(double wx, double wy, double wz)
{
  angularVelocityX = wx;
  angularVelocityY = wy;
  angularVelocityZ = wz;
  ComputeAngularMomentum();
}

inline void RigidBody::SetAngularMomentum(double amx, double amy, double amz)
{
  angularMomentumX = amx;
  angularMomentumY = amy;
  angularMomentumZ = amz;
}

inline void RigidBody::GetAngularVelocity(double * wx, double * wy, double * wz)
{
  *wx = angularVelocityX;
  *wy = angularVelocityY;
  *wz = angularVelocityZ;
}

inline void RigidBody::GetAngularMomentum(double * amx, double * amy, double * amz)
{
  *amx = angularMomentumX;
  *amy = angularMomentumY;
  *amz = angularMomentumZ;
}

inline void RigidBody::GetPosition(double * x, double * y, double * z)
{
  *x = positionX;
  *y = positionY;
  *z = positionZ;
}

inline void RigidBody::GetPointPosition(double X, double Y, double Z, double * x, double * y, double * z)
{
  *x = positionX + R[0] * X + R[1] * Y + R[2] * Z;
  *y = positionY + R[3] * X + R[4] * Y + R[5] * Z;
  *z = positionZ + R[6] * X + R[7] * Y + R[8] * Z;
}

inline void RigidBody::GetRotation(double * R_copy)
{
  R_copy[0] = R[0];
  R_copy[1] = R[1];
  R_copy[2] = R[2];
  R_copy[3] = R[3];
  R_copy[4] = R[4];
  R_copy[5] = R[5];
  R_copy[6] = R[6];
  R_copy[7] = R[7];
  R_copy[8] = R[8];
}

inline void RigidBody::GetVelocity(double * vx, double * vy, double * vz)
{
  *vx = velocityX;
  *vy = velocityY;
  *vz = velocityZ;
}

inline Quaternion<double> RigidBody::GetQuaternion() // returns the current rotation quaternion
{
  return q;
}

inline void RigidBody::SetPosition(double X, double Y, double Z, double posx, double posy, double posz)
{
  // (posx,posy,posz) = (x,y,z) + R (X,Y,Z)
  // (x,y,z) = (posx,posy,posz) - R (X,Y,Z)
  double x,y,z;
  x = posx - R[0] * X - R[1] * Y - R[2] * Z;
  y = posy - R[3] * X - R[4] * Y - R[5] * Z;
  z = posz - R[6] * X - R[7] * Y - R[8] * Z;

  SetPosition(x,y,z);
}

inline double RigidBody::GetMass()
{
  return mass;
}

inline void RigidBody::GetInertiaTensor(double * IT)
{
  ComputeInertiaTensor(IT);
}

inline void RigidBody::ResetBodyToRest()
{
  positionX = positionY = positionZ = 0;
  velocityX = velocityY = velocityZ = 0;

  memset(R,0,sizeof(double)*9);
  R[0] = 1; R[4] = 1; R[8] = 1;

  q = Quaternion<double>(1);

  angularVelocityX = angularVelocityY = angularVelocityZ = 0;
  angularMomentumX = angularMomentumY = angularMomentumZ = 0;
}

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The ancient name McCulloh was first used by the Strathclyde people of the Scottish/English Borderlands. It is derived from the Gaelic personal name Cullach, meaning boar.
The surname McCulloh was first found in Wigtownshire (Gaelic: Siorrachd Bhaile na h-Uige), formerly a county in southwestern Scotland, now part of the Council Area of Dumfries and Galloway where one of the first on record was Andrew MacCulloch who served King William the Lion of Scotland and received the lands of Myretoun (now Monreith near Whitehorn in Wigtown). However ancient records show the Clan as being mentioned in the year 743 in that area.
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our McCulloh research.
Another 76 words (5 lines of text) covering the years 1296, 1354, 1640, 1697, 1470 and are included under the topic Early McCulloh History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
In Medieval times, spelling and translation were not nearly so highly developed as today. They were generally carried out according to the sound and intuition of the bearer. For that reason spelling variations are extremely common among early Scottish names. McCulloh has been spelled MacCulloch, MacCullagh, MacCully, MacCullough, MacCulley, MacCullaugh, MacCullock, MacCullie, MacLulich and many more.
Another 53 words (4 lines of text) are included under the topic Early McCulloh Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Some of the McCulloh family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt.


text:
Q: Groups which cannot be written as semidirect products I am reading Dummit & Foote, Abstract Algebra, 3e, p.103ff.
We know that the first part of Jordan-Hölder program, the classification of finite simple groups, are finished.
But it is not written whether the second part, roughly how to build any group from simple groups [edited] and cyclic groups, are finished.
I say that a finite group $G$ is tangible if: [edited] $G$ is a cyclic group, a finite simple group,
or $G$ can be written as a semidirect (possibly direct) product
$$
G \cong H_1 \rtimes \dotsc \rtimes H_M
$$
with $H_m$ tangible, $m =1,\dotsc,M$.
(Tell me if there is an existent terminology.)
Note this has included all abelian groups.
They seem to say not all groups are tangible, because some do not have complementary subgroups (D&F p.180).
Indeed, the quaternion group $Q_8$ is not tangible (D&F p.181).
However, every finite group is the image of a homomorphism from a free group (D&F p.217), and can be presented as such quotient of the free group and some words (D&F p.218)
What are some other groups that are proved not tangible?
If not, how can we say that Jordan-Hölder program is finished?
Isn't it true that the existence of a composition series still does not concretely describe a group (D&F p.103)?
Edit: System recommends Smallest non-p-group that isnt a semidirect product, which answers my question.

A: I think the fundamental issue you are facing is that you are confusing group extensions with semi-direct products. The Jordan-Holder theorem can be understood as the fact that every finite group can be built by successive extensions by simple groups. But certainly not semi-direct products.
If $G$ is a group, and $K$ is a normal subgroup, then we say that $G$ is an extension of $K$ by $Q=G/K$. In other words, an extension consists of a short exact sequence
$$1\to K\to G\to Q\to 1.$$
A semi-direct product is a very special kind of extension where the short exact sequence is split: there is a section $s:Q\to G$ of the surjection $G\to Q$, where $s$ is a group morphism.
For instance, you had to edit your definition so $\mathbb{Z}/p^2\mathbb{Z}$ would be a "tangible" group. Of course $\mathbb{Z}/p^2\mathbb{Z}$ is an extension of $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ by itself, since we have the obvious exact sequence
$$0 \to \mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z}/p^2\mathbb{Z}\to \mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}\to 0$$
but this sequence is not split! Otherwise, since $\mathbb{Z}/p^2\mathbb{Z}$ is abelian, we would have $\mathbb{Z}/p^2\mathbb{Z}\simeq \mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}\times \mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$.
Now, given groups $K$ and $Q$, describing group extensions of $K$ by $Q$ is extremely difficult, which is why we cannot say that the classification of finite simple groups suddenly gave us a description of all finite groups. For instance, if we assume that $K$ is abelian, then those extensions are classified by: an action of $Q$ on $K$ by automorphisms, and a cohomology class in $H^2(Q,K)$ (the semi-direct product corresponds to the trivial class).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This isn't your typical restaurant-style, enjoy-before-your-actual-meal miso soup. This miso ramen recipe is a fully satisfying veggie-packed main course.
I love miso soup, but I often find myself a little underwhelmed and not quite as satiated as I'd like. Many of the miso soup recipes I've tried in the past have lots of noodles and even tofu but are lacking in the colorful crunchy veggies that make me so happy and satisfied. So I loaded this recipe up with some of my favorite fibrous whole plant foods which made for a miso soup that can actually hold up as it's own full meal.
Depending on what you currently have going on in your fridge, you can add in whichever veggies you're currently working with. Some of my favorites which I used in this soup included, mushrooms, bok choy, carrots, and purple cabbage. Other veggies that could work well in this might be bell pepper, broccoli, chard, or spinach.
No matter what veggies you choose what really makes a good miso soup is the broth of course! White miso is a fermented salty paste made from soybeans and gives it that classic miso soup flavor. In addition to that I like to add a little hot sauce and tamari for an extra kick of flavor.
Something that really ups the wow-factor when serving this is searing the bok choy until it's golden brown. You don't need any oil to make this happen, just slice the bok choy in half the long way and then place it sliced side down in a hot pan, using a wooden spoon to press it down until it get's some color to it. While this isn't necessary, it makes for a beautiful final presentation, but if you're just looking to eat it as fast as possible you can skip this step and rip the bok choy into individual leaves then add it at the end in the last 2 minutes of cooking.
I hope you enjoy this veggie-loaded miso soup! If you try it out and post a photo, tag me on instagram @herenownutrition or leave a comment down below.


text:
Q: Is this escaped shell command wrong Here is my escaped shell command which I run through exec command in PHP:
C:^\Program Files^\pngquant^\pngquant.EXE \"--force\" \"--ext=.png\" \"--\" \"F:\laragon\www\demo\images\uploads\43d67cba7a951378485882e5b515c825943f7d0a.png\"

I get return code 1 (i.e. error). On the other hand, if I run  pngquant "--force" "--ext=.png" "--" "F:\laragon\www\demo\images\uploads\43d67cba7a951378485882e5b515c825943f7d0a.png"directly in shell, it works fine.
Is there something wrong with the way I am escaping command and arguments.
Edit 1:
Here is my PHP exec command:
escapeshellcmd($this->cmd).' '.implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $args))

Where $this->cmd is  C:\Program Files\pngquant\pngquant.EXE and print_r($args) is
Array(
    [0] => "--force",
    [1] => "--ext=.png",
    [2] => "--",
    [3] => "F:\laragon\www\demo\images\uploads\d3a2966596a94343b5a732368dcb79394a8d4d69.png"
)

A: Doing escapeshellarg($this->cmd).' '.implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $args)) cleared the error and image was also compressed. It's strange that escapeshellcmd puts control character(^) before \.


text:
Q: AE6500 Linksys router Print Server functionality I recently acquired the AE6500 Linksys router to replace an old switch in order to share 2 printers among 4 computers.
My previous method of sharing was the both printers were connected to a single computer which had to be on, in order for others computers to print. Working this way, the print sharing functionality was carried by Windows so all I had to do was to install printer drivers in the clients.
Now, with the new router, I'm surprised I had to install a software thing called CiscoVUSB on each computer in order to see the printers!!
Isn't that the functionality on the router?? I thought the router was going to work the same way it works when you connect an USB storage, you just see it in the network like if the router was a user with a network share. The printer server functionality does not work in this way, I had to install a software in order to see the computers and the play with the software in a game of "connect" to the printer to print and "disconnect" from the printer to allow others to print. I find this very annoying.
Is this really how this is supposed to work?

A: Quick answer: a router is not a PC.
Long answer: If you are using a PC (server) to share printers, then that PC stores the drivers for other PCs to use, manages print queues, etc. A router does not do that. It is a device that connects other devices (PCs) to a network and to other networks. Some routers also have USB ports to connect non-networked devices like printers. In that case, all the router does is to make the printer available on the network; it redirects printer traffic from the network to the USB port.
That is why you have to install the driver software on each PC. Also, some printers will not even work via a router - so in a sense you are lucky. Printers with this problem are low-cost "GDI" printers, which rely on the Windows graphics engine to convert the page into dots on the paper (more expensive printers are able to do that themselves). These printers are often only successfully networked via a sharing PC.
I don't understand why you have to disconnect a PC for others to print. Please provide more info on what you had to do to make it work at all


text:
Guy Kastenbaum (@guykastenbaum)
The below is an off-site archive of all tweets posted by @guykastenbaum ever
_Vestiaires_
11:34 AM, Oct 31st, 2011 via Tweet Button (retweeted on 11:59 AM, Oct 31st, 2011 via web)
planetphp
10:15 AM, Oct 31st, 2011 via rss2twi.php (retweeted on 11:19 AM, Oct 31st, 2011 via web)
sdouche
1:08 PM, Oct 30th, 2011 via TweetDeck (retweeted on 11:03 AM, Oct 31st, 2011 via web)
CodeWisdom
3:10 PM, Oct 24th, 2011 via Buffer (retweeted on 10:59 AM, Oct 31st, 2011 via web)
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TheRealEddieO
5:47 PM, Oct 26th, 2011 via web (retweeted on 1:56 PM, Oct 28th, 2011 via web)
12:59 PM, Oct 28th, 2011 via TweetDeck (retweeted on 1:50 PM, Oct 28th, 2011 via web)
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GabrielKast
6:37 PM, Oct 27th, 2011 via web (retweeted on 10:30 AM, Oct 28th, 2011 via web)
10:27 AM, Oct 28th, 2011 via web
jedisct1
12:30 AM, Oct 28th, 2011 via Echofon (retweeted on 10:25 AM, Oct 28th, 2011 via web)
7:59 PM, Oct 27th, 2011 via Tweetie for Mac (retweeted on 10:20 AM, Oct 28th, 2011 via web)
5:39 PM, Oct 25th, 2011 via Echofon (retweeted on 11:38 AM, Oct 26th, 2011 via web)
newsycombinator
7:05 AM, Oct 25th, 2011 via newsycombinator (retweeted on 11:38 AM, Oct 26th, 2011 via web)
6:23 AM, Oct 26th, 2011 via Echofon (retweeted on 11:09 AM, Oct 26th, 2011 via web)
1:06 PM, Oct 25th, 2011 via TweetDeck (retweeted on 1:16 PM, Oct 25th, 2011 via web)
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jpdeniau
5:47 PM, Oct 24th, 2011 via Twitter for Android (retweeted on 6:06 PM, Oct 24th, 2011 via web)
1:45 PM, Oct 24th, 2011 via rss2twi.php (retweeted on 1:56 PM, Oct 24th, 2011 via web)
12:08 AM, Oct 23rd, 2011 via TweetDeck (retweeted on 10:01 AM, Oct 24th, 2011 via web)
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3:41 AM, Oct 19th, 2011 via Twitter for Android (retweeted on 4:28 PM, Oct 21st, 2011 via web)
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ITCrowdSupport
2:11 PM, Oct 21st, 2011 via TweetList Pro (retweeted on 2:53 PM, Oct 21st, 2011 via web)
1:51 PM, Oct 21st, 2011 via TweetDeck (retweeted on 1:56 PM, Oct 21st, 2011 via web)
ebertchicago
10:30 PM, Oct 19th, 2011 via SocialOomph (retweeted on 10:18 AM, Oct 21st, 2011 via web)
mikasten
11:31 PM, Oct 19th, 2011 via Tweet Button (retweeted on 10:18 AM, Oct 21st, 2011 via web)
runwicked
11:50 PM, Oct 19th, 2011 via TweetDeck (retweeted on 10:14 AM, Oct 21st, 2011 via web)
glazou
2:53 PM, Oct 20th, 2011 via Echofon (retweeted on 10:11 AM, Oct 21st, 2011 via web)
11:42 PM, Oct 20th, 2011 via Echofon (retweeted on 10:09 AM, Oct 21st, 2011 via web)
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10:57 AM, Oct 17th, 2011 via web (retweeted on 11:26 AM, Oct 17th, 2011 via web)
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1:30 AM, Oct 14th, 2011 via Echofon (retweeted on 9:31 AM, Oct 14th, 2011 via web)
avibryant
5:43 PM, Oct 12th, 2011 via Twitter for iPhone (retweeted on 3:25 PM, Oct 13th, 2011 via web)
mageekguy
12:53 PM, Oct 12th, 2011 via Twitter for Mac (retweeted on 1:59 PM, Oct 12th, 2011 via web)
channingwalton
10:47 PM, Oct 11th, 2011 via Twitter for Mac (retweeted on 11:21 AM, Oct 12th, 2011 via web)
11:06 AM, Oct 10th, 2011 via web (retweeted on 12:07 PM, Oct 10th, 2011 via web)
NaguiOfficiel
9:46 PM, Oct 7th, 2011 via Twitter for iPhone (retweeted on 9:43 AM, Oct 8th, 2011 via web)
2:15 PM, Oct 7th, 2011 via rss2twi.php (retweeted on 2:50 PM, Oct 7th, 2011 via web)
2:45 PM, Oct 7th, 2011 via web
newsgoogle
11:52 AM, Oct 7th, 2011 via twitterfeed (retweeted on 1:04 PM, Oct 7th, 2011 via web)
10:34 AM, Oct 7th, 2011 via Tweet Button
AngelaBishop
8:30 AM, Oct 7th, 2011 via web (retweeted on 10:13 AM, Oct 7th, 2011 via web)
9:55 AM, Oct 7th, 2011 via web in reply to moek10
9:53 AM, Oct 7th, 2011 via Tweet Button
thespurofthings
1:10 PM, Oct 5th, 2011 via web (retweeted on 4:01 PM, Oct 5th, 2011 via web)
11:07 AM, Oct 5th, 2011 via web
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malvese
4:31 AM, Oct 4th, 2011 via Echofon (retweeted on 9:52 AM, Oct 4th, 2011 via web)
3:36 PM, Oct 3rd, 2011 via web (retweeted on 3:53 PM, Oct 3rd, 2011 via web)
11:02 PM, Sep 30th, 2011 via TweetDeck (retweeted on 1:20 PM, Oct 3rd, 2011 via web)
4:35 AM, Oct 2nd, 2011 via TweetDeck (retweeted on 11:22 AM, Oct 3rd, 2011 via web)
5:52 AM, Oct 3rd, 2011 via Echofon (retweeted on 11:19 AM, Oct 3rd, 2011 via web)
© 2020 Guy Kastenbaum, powered by Tweet Nest


Manuthera 242 is an all-in-one treatment table for demanding examination and treatment use by various manual therapists, such as sports massage therapists, naprapaths, osteopaths, OMT physiotherapists, physiotherapists and chiropractors. Manuthera 242 takes the therapist's work to a new level and supports countless treatment and diagnosis methods thanks to its patented operation system based on two synchronised motors, unique multi-traction features and various other functionalities, as well as its structure.
The patient can be moved to therapeutic and anatomical key positions smoothly and quietly. Mobility treatment can be carried out 3-dimensionally using the traction, flexion, lateral flexion and rotation features of the table, as well as gravity. The table design, twin motor system and the frame with bearings in all moving parts enhance the ergonomics of the therapist's work and make it less burdening, which enables even better treatment results.
Lojer has been awarded the Fennia Prize for IPR Excellence in January 2017, in recognition of their commendable use and protection of their intellectual property rights with regard to the Manuthera treatment table. The organisers commended the diverse ways in which Lojer has acted to secure their intellectual property rights internationally. The same competition saw Lojer receive an honourable mention for the innovative product design and advanced technical design of the Manuthera treatment table.
The Fennia Prize is a Finnish design competition in which businesses and organisations receive recognition for exemplary use of design as part of their business operations. The IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) prize is part of the Fennia Prize and is awarded by the Finnish Patent and Registration Office for commendable leveraging of intellectual property rights. Lojer's Manuthera treatment table is the first physiotherapy product to receive an award in the Fennia Prize competition.
NEW Electronic Tilt up / Tilt down function for gravity-based treatment; also enabling easier access for patients onto the table. Spinal decompression has never been this efficient and pleasant for the patient!
Lockable castors for easy mobility.
Face section folding two ways and featuring advanced 3D functionalities for the safe mobilisation of the cervical spine and neck through vertical and lateral head movement.
NEW Two-piece thorax section element for vertical thorax bending and a 3D rotational motion. A unique tool for thorax mobilisation and manipulation!
Multi-position foot section: upright position, footrest when lying down, and stepping board function.
Easy-to-use, sturdy and ergonomic knobs for locking the movement to the desired position.
NEW: drop function New technology: traction drop, which enables easier and more diverse hip area manipulation.
Arm rests with stepless height adjustment and lateral movement. The arm rests can be attached to the side to function as side supports.
Front and back Total lock supports provide additional support for burdening treatment techniques and make the table very sturdy in every section.
Safety edge stops all table adjustments from being touched.


text:
Professionista dal 1932 al 1938, fu medaglia di bronzo nella velocità ai Giochi olimpici di .

Palmarès
1934
Campionati italiani, Velocità

1935
Campionati italiani, Velocità

Piazzamenti

Competizioni mondiali

Campionati del mondo su pista
Bruxelles 1930 - Velocità dilettanti: 3º

Giochi olimpici
Los Angeles 1932 - Inseguimento a squadre: 3º

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Vincitori di medaglia di bronzo olimpica per l'Italia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. has finished with the Board meeting. The Outcome of today's Board meeting is a mixture of some happy moments along with some negative news for the company.
The positive news for the company and for the whole Automotive Industry is that the Board has approved the new manufacturing facility at Mehsana district of Gujarat where the company seeks 500 acres of land in Mehsana apart from 1400 acres already seeked in Sanand of Gujarat. The decision comes out to be good for the whole automotive industry as it will boost the economic situation of the country along with boosting the overall output of Indian Automotive Industry.
The negative news that came out of the Board meeting were the Q2 results. The company saw 60% decline in its profit and 17.6% decline in its sale. The company Net Sales clocked 7,537 Crore as compared to Rs 9,147 Cr. during the same fiscal last year. The net profit of the company clocked Rs 240 Crore as compared to Rs 598 Crore during the same period last fiscal.
The company sold 252,307 cars during Q2 FY11-12 as compared to 313,815 vehicles for Q2 FY10-11.
Q2 FY 2011-12 Results Update - Rane Madras Ltd.
Q2 FY 2011-12 Results Update - Bharat Seats Ltd.


text:
From WikiProjectMed
/ˌkænəɡlɪˈfloʊzɪn/ KAN-ə-glif-LOH-zin
Invokana, Sulisent, Prominad, others
JNJ-28431754; TA-7284; (1S)-1,5-anhydro-1-C-(3-{[5-(4-fluorophenyl)thiophen-2-yl]methyl]}-4-methylphenyl)-D-glucitol
(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-{3-[5-[4-Fluoro-phenyl)-thiophen-2-ylmethyl]-4-methyl-phenyl}-6-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-3,4,5-triol
Routes of
By mouth (tablets)
200 mg[1]
License data
EU EMA: by INN
US DailyMed: Canagliflozin
AU: S4 (Prescription only)
UK: POM (Prescription only)
US: ℞-only
In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Liver glucuronidation
Elimination half-life
11.8 (10–13) hours
Excretion
53% faecal and 33% kidney
842133-18-0 Y
DB08907 N
26333259 N
6S49DGR869
CHEBI:73274 N
ChEMBL2103841 N
A10BK02 (WHO)
Chemical and physical data
C24H25FO5S
444.52 g·mol−1
Cc1ccc(cc1Cc2ccc(s2)c3ccc(cc3)F)[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)CO)O)O)O
InChI=1S/C24H25FO5S/c1-13-2-3-15(24-23(29)22(28)21(27)19(12-26)30-24)10-16(13)11-18-8-9-20(31-18)14-4-6-17(25)7-5-14/h2-10,19,21-24,26-29H,11-12H2,1H3/t19-,21-,22+,23-,24+/m1/s1 N
Key:XTNGUQKDFGDXSJ-ZXGKGEBGSA-N N
N Y (what is this?) (verify)
Canagliflozin, sold under the brand name Invokana among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes.[2] It is a third-line medication to metformin.[3] It is used together with exercise and diet.[2] It is not recommended in type 1 diabetes.[2] It is taken by mouth.[2]
Common side effects include vaginal yeast infections, nausea, constipation, and urinary tract infections.[2] Serious side effects may include low blood sugar, Fournier's gangrene, leg amputation, kidney problems, high blood potassium, and low blood pressure.[2] Diabetic ketoacidosis may occur despite nearly normal blood sugar levels.[2] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended.[4] Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor.[2] It works by increasing the amount of glucose lost in the urine.[2]
Canagliflozin was approved for medical use in the United States in 2013.[2] A month's supply in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £39 as of 2019.[3] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$475.[5] In 2017, it was the 192nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than three million prescriptions.[6][7]
1 Medical use
1.1 Dosage
3 Side effects
5 Pharmacology
5.1 Mechanism of action
5.2 Pharmacokinetics
Canagliflozin is an anti-diabetic medication used to improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes. It is a third line medication to metformin.[3] Per the British National Formulary it is also less preferred than a sulfonylurea as of 2019 while the American Diabetes Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes consider either a SGLT2 inhibitor or GLP-1 receptor agonist a reasonable second line medication in those with heart disease.[8]
Canagliflozin decreases HbA1c levels by 0.77% to 1.16% when given by itself, in combination with metformin, in combination with metformin and a sulfonylurea, in combination with metformin and pioglitazone, or in combination with insulin, from initial HbA1c levels of 7.8% to 8.1%. When added to metformin, canagliflozin does not appear worse than sitagliptin or glimepiride in reducing HbA1c levels, while canagliflozin maybe better than sitagliptin and glimiperide in decreasing HbA1c. It is unclear whether or not it has any unique cardiovascular benefits beyond lowering blood sugar.[9] Although canagliflozin produces beneficial effects on HDL cholesterol, it has also been shown to increase LDL cholesterol to produce no change in total cholesterol.[10][11]
Evidence shows that apart from positive effects on glycemic levels, canagliflozin also provides reduces the risk of heart attacks and heart failures.[12]
SGLT2 inhibitors, including canagliflozin, reduce the likelihood of hospitalization for congestive heart failure or progression of renal disease in persons with diabetes mellitus type 2 and reduce the likelihood of stroke and heart attack in persons with diabetes mellitus type 2 who have known atherosclerotic vascular disease.[13]
The defined daily dose is 200 mg by mouth.[1]
Canaglifozin is contraindicated in:
Diabetic ketoacidosis[14]
Severe renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73 m2), end-stage renal disease[15]
Patients on dialysis[11]
As with all SGLT2 inhibitors, canagliflozin is associated with increased risk of urinary tract infections, fungal infections of the genital area, thirst,[16] elevations in LDL cholesterol, increased urination and episodes of low blood pressure. Rarely, use of canagliflozin is associated with necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum, also called Fournier gangrene.[17] There are concerns that it may also increase the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis.[18]
Possible cardiovascular problems are an ongoing issue with gliflozin drugs.[19] The pre-specified endpoint for cardiovascular safety in the canagliflozin clinical development program was "Major Cardiovascular Events Plus", defined as the occurrence of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarctions, non-fatal strokes, or unstable angina leading to hospitalization. This endpoint occurred in more people in the placebo group (20.5%) than in the canagliflozin treated group (18.9%).
Nonetheless, a United States Food and Drug Administration advisory committee expressed concern regarding the cardiovascular safety of canagliflozin. A greater number of cardiovascular events was observed during the first 30 days in study subjects who received canagliflozin (0.45%) compared those who received placebo (0.07%), suggesting an early period of increased cardiovascular risk. In addition, there was an increased risk of stroke in subjects who received canagliflozin. However, none of these effects were statistically significant. Additional cardiovascular safety data from another ongoing study are expected in 2015.[19]
On May 15, 2015, the FDA issued a warning that certain SGLT2 diabetes drugs, including canagliflozin, may lead to ketoacidosis, a condition where the body produces higher levels of ketone bodies. The FDA is continuing to investigate the issue, and cautions that patients should not stop taking canagliflozin without first talking to their doctor.[20]
On September 10, 2015, the FDA issued a drug safety communication for canagliflozin to address risks for bone fracture and decreased bone density. A label warning for fractures was already included in the Adverse Reactions section; however, the FDA made the addition to the Warnings and Precautions section to reflect new information from a placebo study. They advised that health care professionals should consider fracture risk factors before prescribing canagliflozin, and patients should disclose any bone fracture risk factors to their doctors, but that patients should not stop taking the medication without first talking to their doctor.[21]
On December 4, 2015, the FDA issued another safety communication for SGLT2 inhibitors, indicating that it would require new warnings to be added to the canagliflozin label about elevated blood acid levels and urinary tract infections.[22]
A June 29, 2016 report on the ongoing cardiovascular outcomes trial for canagliflozin (CANVAS) revealed interim findings of new safety concerns including heightened risk of bone fracture that was found to increase with the duration of treatment.[23]
On May 16, 2017, the FDA concluded that canagliflozin causes an increased risk of leg and foot amputations.[24] The FDA began requiring a boxed warning to be added to the canagliflozin drug labels to describe this risk.[25]
To lessen the risk of developing ketoacidosis (a serious condition in which the body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones) after surgery, the FDA has approved changes to the prescribing information for SGLT2 inhibitor diabetes medicines to recommend they be stopped temporarily before scheduled surgery. Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin should each be stopped at least three days before, and ertugliflozin should be stopped at least four days before scheduled surgery.[26]
Symptoms of ketoacidosis include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, tiredness, and trouble breathing.[26]
The drug may increase the risk of dehydration in combination with diuretic drugs.[27]
Because it increases renal excretion of glucose, treatment with canagliflozin prevents renal reabsorption of 1,5-anhydroglucitol, leading to artifactual decreases in serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol. Therefore, canagliflozin can interfere with the use of serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (assay trade name, GlycoMark) as a measure of postprandial glucose levels.[28]
Dosing adjustment is also required for concomitant therapy with UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) inducers such as rifampin, phenytoin, or phenobarbital, ritonavir.[2]
Canagliflozin is an inhibitor of subtype 2 sodium-glucose transport proteins (SGLT2), which is responsible for at least 90% of renal glucose reabsorption (the remaining 10% is done by SGLT1). Blocking this transporter causes up to 119 grams of blood glucose per day to be eliminated through the urine,[29] corresponding to 476 kilocalories. Additional water is eliminated by osmotic diuresis, resulting in a lowering of blood pressure.
This mechanism is associated with a low risk of hypoglycaemia (too low blood glucose) compared to other types of anti-diabetic drugs such as sulfonylurea derivatives and insulin.[30]
When taken by mouth, canagliflozin reaches highest blood plasma concentrations after one to two hours and has an absolute bioavailability of 65%, independently of food intake. When in the bloodstream, 99% of the substance are bound to plasma proteins, mainly albumin. It is metabolized mainly by O-glucuronidation via the enzymes UGT1A9 and UGT2B4, and by hydroxylation to a lesser extent. The terminal half life is 10.6 hours for a 100 mg dose and 13.1 hours for a 300 mg dose, with 43% being excreted in the faeces (mostly in unchanged form) and 33% in the urine (mostly as glucuronide).[31]
It was developed by Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma and is marketed under license by Janssen, a division of Johnson & Johnson.[32]
On July 4, 2011, the European Medicines Agency approved a paediatric investigation plan and granted both a deferral and a waiver for canagliflozin (EMEA-001030-PIP01-10) in accordance with EC Regulation No.1901/2006 of the European Parliament and of the council.[33]
Canagliflozin was approved by the FDA on March 29, 2013, and became the first SGLT2 inhibitor in the United States.[34][35]
Canagliflozin/metformin
↑ 1.0 1.1 "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 "Canagliflozin Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 687. ISBN 9780857113382.
↑ "Canagliflozin (Invokana) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
↑ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
↑ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
↑ "Canagliflozin - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
↑ Davies, Melanie J.; D'Alessio, David A.; Fradkin, Judith; Kernan, Walter N.; Mathieu, Chantal; Mingrone, Geltrude; Rossing, Peter; Tsapas, Apostolos; Wexler, Deborah J.; Buse, John B. (December 2018). "Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2018. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)". Diabetes Care. 41 (12): 2669–2701. doi:10.2337/dci18-0033. PMC 6245208. PMID 30291106. patients with clinical CVD not meeting individualized glycemic targets while treated with metformin (or in whom metformin is contraindicated or not tolerated) should have an SGLT2 inhibitor or GLP-1 receptor agonist with proven benefit for cardiovascular risk reduction added
↑ Heston TF, Olson AH, Randall NR (December 2017). "Canagliflozin lowers blood sugar, but does it also lower cardiovascular risk? Maybe not". Annals of Translational Medicine. 5 (23): 473. doi:10.21037/atm.2017.09.28. PMC 5733311. PMID 29285506.
↑ "Summary Review" (PDF). fda.gov. March 29, 2013. Retrieved 2014-07-09.
↑ 11.0 11.1 "Invokana (canagliflozin) Tablets, for Oral Use. Full Prescribing Information" (PDF). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 September 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
↑ Usman MS, Siddiqi TJ, Memon MM, Khan MS, Rawasia WF, Talha Ayub M, Sreenivasan J, Golzar Y (March 2018). "Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis". European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 25 (5): 495–502. doi:10.1177/2047487318755531. PMID 29372664.
↑ Zelniker TA, Wiviott SD, Raz I, Im K, Goodrich EL, Bonaca MP, Mosenzon O, Kato ET, Cahn A, Furtado RH, Bhatt DL, Leiter LA, McGuire DK, Wilding JP, Sabatine MS (January 2019). "SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials". Lancet. 393 (10166): 31–39. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32590-X. PMID 30424892.
↑ Canagliflozin. Lexi-Drugs. Lexicomp Online [database online]. Hudson, OH: Lexicomp, Inc. http://online.lexi.com. Updated April 8, 2017. Accessed April 13, 2017.
↑ Canagliflozin. Lexi-Drugs. Lexicomp Online [database online]. Hudson, OH: Lexicomp, Inc. http://online.lexi.com. Updated March 31, 2017. Accessed April 5, 2017.
↑ Haberfeld, H (ed.). Austria-Codex (in German) (2013/14, supplement 01/14 ed.). Vienna: Österreichischer Apothekerverlag. CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ "Drug Safety and Availability - FDA warns about rare occurrences of a serious infection of the genital area with SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes". FDA. 2019-02-09.
↑ FDA (2015-05-15). "SGLT2 inhibitors: Drug Safety Communication - FDA Warns Medicines May Result in a Serious Condition of Too Much Acid in the Blood". Retrieved 19 May 2015.
↑ 19.0 19.1 Tucker, Miriam (10 January 2013). "FDA Advisory Panel Supports Diabetes Drug Canagliflozin". Medscape Family Medicine. Retrieved 3 August 2015. Safety discussions by the panel circled back repeatedly to the cardiovascular risk data
↑ Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and. "Drug Safety and Availability - FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns that SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes may result in a serious condition of too much acid in the blood". www.fda.gov. Retrieved 2016-06-07.
↑ "FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA revises label of diabetes drug canagliflozin (Invokana, Invokamet) to include updates on bone fracture risk and new information on decreased bone mineral density". FDA. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Retrieved 10 September 2015.
↑ "SGLT2 Inhibitors: Drug Safety Communication - Labels to Include Warnings About Too Much Acid in the Blood and Serious Urinary Tract Infections". FDA. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 11 March 2016.
↑ Schroeder, C. "New Report Warns of Increasing SGLT2 & Invokana Risks". DrugNews. Pro Media One. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
↑ "Press Release: FDA Confirms Increased Risk of Leg and Foot Amputations With Diabetes Medicine Canagliflozin". Fox Business. 2017-05-16. Retrieved 2017-05-16.
↑ "FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA confirms increased risk of leg and foot amputations with the diabetes medicine canagliflozin (Invokana, Invokamet, Invokamet XR)". FDA.gov. 2017-05-16. Retrieved 2017-05-16.
↑ 26.0 26.1 "FDA revises labels of SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes to include warning". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 19 March 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
↑ Yamout H, Perkovic V, Davies M, Woo V, de Zeeuw D, Mayer C, Vijapurkar U, Kline I, Usiskin K, Meininger G, Bakris G (August 2014). "Efficacy and safety of canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and stage 3 nephropathy". American Journal of Nephrology. 40 (1): 64–74. doi:10.1159/000364909. PMID 25059406.
↑ Balis DA, Tong C, Meininger G (July 2014). "Effect of canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, on measurement of serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol". Journal of Diabetes. 6 (4): 378–80. doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12116. PMID 24330128.
↑ "Integrity - Clarivate".
↑ A. Klement (20 January 2014). "Tubuläre Senkung des Blutzuckers bei Diabetes mellitus: Invokana". Österreichische Apothekerzeitung (in German) (2/2014): 20f. CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ Drugs.com: Canagliflozin Monograph.
↑ "First Results from Phase 3 CANVAS Trial Show Canagliflozin as Add-on Therapy to Insulin Lowered Blood Sugar Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at an Elevated Risk for Cardiovascular Disease". Archived from the original on 2013-03-13. Retrieved 2013-02-21.
↑ "EMEA-001030-PIP01-10". EMA European Medicines Agency. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
↑ "Canagliflozin". www.fda.gov. United States Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 23 March 2016.
↑ "U.S. FDA approves Johnson & Johnson diabetes drug, canagliflozin". Reuters. March 29, 2013. U.S. health regulators have approved a new diabetes drug from Johnson & Johnson, making it the first in its class to be approved in the United States.
"Canagliflozin". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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text:
What are the NSW-Victoria border closure rules, how will the restrictions be enforced and who can apply for a border permit?
By Josh Bavas
Posted MonMonday 6 JulJuly 2020 at 3:26amMonMonday 6 JulJuly 2020 at 3:26am , updated MonMonday 6 JulJuly 2020 at 11:32pmMonMonday 6 JulJuly 2020 at 11:32pm
There will be exceptions for people who live in places like Albury-Wodonga which straddle the state line. (ABC News: Greg Ryan)
The NSW-Victoria border is shutting from midnight tonight, and getting through the blockade will depend on what you do and where you live.
NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian described stopping travel between Australia's two most populous states as a "mammoth task".
It effectively means more than 50 road crossings, as well as train stations and airports, will need to be patrolled.
This is what you need to know about the closure.
What are the rules and how will they be enforced?
Officials will strictly monitor 55 ground crossings — including four major highways, 33 bridges and two waterways. Police and health officials will also be on standby to question travellers who return via air or rail.
LIVE UPDATES: Read our blog for the latest news on the COVID-19 pandemic.
The rules are expected to be similar to those implemented on the Queensland-New South Wales border more than three months ago.
Those closures prevented traffic from entering Queensland. New South Wales remained open, with officials monitoring passengers at airports and train stations.
Only permit holders, emergency services workers, freight drivers and returning travellers will be able to cross into New South Wales from Victoria.
The details of the exemptions which will allow people to travel between the states are yet to be announced.
NSW and Victoria share at least 50 border crossings. (ABC News)
Ms Berejiklian said it was an "unprecedented" move, but the timing was critical.
"We've already been in contact with a number of border communities to explain to them that whilst the next 72 hours will be difficult … permits will be available, exemptions available, and Service New South Wales will be able to do that online and make it as easy as possible."
"What is occurring in Victoria has not occurred anywhere else in Australia. It is a new part of the pandemic, and as such it requires a new type of response."
Anyone returning home to New South Wales will be required to self-isolate for 14 days.
Also, from midnight on Tuesday anyone travelling from Victoria to the ACT will be denied entry unless granted exemption by either the NSW or ACT governments.
Who can apply for a border permit?
From 12:01am on Wednesday, people wanting to travel from Victoria to NSW will need to get permission from the State Government.
Permits are likely to be divided into two categories: one for people who live in border communities like Albury-Wodonga, and another for anyone who believes they need to cross the state line for "exceptional circumstances".
Service NSW will have online applications available for travel exemptions by Tuesday.
In other states, travel exemptions have been issued for people who need to care for sick relatives or are moving house.
Ms Berejiklian says anyone who is given an exemption to travel to NSW will have to self-isolate for 14 days.
Read more about coronavirus:
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Oxford vaccine boss urges Australian rollout
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NSW Police Commissioner Mick Fuller said people caught lying on a permit application would be fined.
What if I live near the border?
People in border communities will be able to cross the border for work, or to receive essential health services, but they will still need a permit.
Wodonga Mayor Anna Speedie said she hoped for a smooth process. (ABC News)
Ms Berejiklian said people who lived in places like Albury-Wodonga, which straddles the state line, would be able to move between NSW and Victoria more freely, but conceded they would likely find the closure frustrating.
Wodonga Mayor Anna Speedie said she hoped the permit system would be implemented quickly and without complication.
"While we've got two separate cities in two different states, our cities absolutely act as one economy and one community," she said.
"About half of my people work in Albury and about half of Albury work over here so it's going to be incredibly challenging.
"I'm really hoping that permit system is sensible."
Is there a penalty for crossing the border without a permit?
Yes. The penalties for COVID-19 infringements remain a $11,000 fine and six months in jail.
Commissioner Mick Fuller said as well as roads, they would be monitoring entry points accessible by swimming or walking.
Drones and other aerial surveillance measures will be used, on top of the policing of the four main arterial roads.
He said police were seeking new health orders which would give them the power to turn people around.
"We'll be focussing on the four primary arterial roads because we know that's where most of the traffic comes," he said.
"But nevertheless there'll be police and defence and other emergency services workers across a majority of those crossings and there will be aerial and other surveillance 24-7 right across that border."
How long will the restrictions be in place?
While Ms Berejiklian described the closure as "temporary", there is no timeframe for it to reopen — something particularly concerning for people in the border communities that may travel between the two states several times each day.
"I don't want to see this happen for a long time, I want to see this happen in as short a time as possible," she said.
"The numbers today are concerning because it shows the replication factor [is] increasing in terms of how many are passing the virus on to others.
"Until that dies down, I don't think the border closure will change."
Should I return home if I am in NSW on holiday or for work?
If you are a NSW resident in Victoria and you do not want to self-isolate for 14 days on your return, you should come back before the border closes.
NSW residents returning from a Melbourne hotspot are already required to self-isolate for 14 days, but at 12.01am on Wednesday, that will be extended to all parts of Victoria.
If you are a Victorian in NSW, you will be able to return home even after the border is closed, however authorities have warned to expect delays.
Once you are back in Victoria, you will need a permit to enter NSW.
According to Victoria Health, Victorians currently in NSW do not have to self-isolate when returning to Victoria.
What if I've booked a flight from Victoria to NSW?
Qantas and Jetstar are "significantly reducing" the number of flights to and from Melbourne following the announcement, with a spokeswoman saying the airlines will continue to "operate limited flights for essential travel only".
Impacted customers are being told the airlines will contact them.
Qantas had only recently increased the number of flights between Sydney and Melbourne.
Virgin Australia said it would be reviewing its flight schedule but would waive change fees for any bookings made up until the end of September.
Travelling by rail will not be an option from Tuesday either; the last Melbourne to Sydney XPT service will depart Southern Cross Station in Victoria at 7:50pm tonight.
After that, the Sydney to Melbourne service will only run from Central Station in Sydney to Albury.
The symptoms
The number of cases in Australia
Global cases, deaths and testing rates
Posted 6 JulJuly 2020MonMonday 6 JulJuly 2020 at 3:26am , updated 6 JulJuly 2020MonMonday 6 JulJuly 2020 at 11:32pm
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ABC中文 | 新冠疫情特别报道
Pandemik virus corona
Charting the pandemic: Latest data on the NSW and Victoria outbreaks
Victorians flee NSW ahead of border closure, leaving tourism operators in tears
Sydney may have 'missed the boat' for effective lockdown, expert says
What border restrictions are in place in each state and territory for NSW and Victorian travellers
The Oxford vaccine is now available. Why is this so significant in the battle to control COVID-19?
This sacred lake will be drilled for minerals. What does that mean for its cultural heritage?
Posted 9mminutes agoSatSaturday 16 JanJanuary 2021 at 1:11am
Posted 1hhour agoSatSaturday 16 JanJanuary 2021 at 12:12am


Mayor de Blasio is blowing out his Republican opponent Nicole Malliotakis by a 47-point margin, according to a new poll.
The Marist poll released Wednesday found 65% of likely voters would pick de Blasio, while 18% backed Malliotakis, a Staten Island Assemblywoman. Another 8% chose independent Bo Dietl, while 2% said they'd vote for someone else.
"A lot of words can be used to characterize this matchup currently — overwhelming, substantial, landslide, lopsided," said Dr. Lee Miringoff, director of the Marist College Institute for Public Opinion. "Unfortunately, for Malliotakis, they all describe de Blasio's chances for re-election."
A big chunk of voters had never heard of Malliotakis at all: 20% had a favorable view of her, but 49% had never heard of her, and 17% weren't sure how to rate her. By contrast, 55% had a favorable view of de Blasio, while 44% said he's doing an excellent or good job in office.
Nearly half of the electorate, 46%, said the Republican mayoral hopeful's vote for President Trump makes them less likely to vote for her. Another 40% said it makes no difference, while 8% said they're more likely to back Malliotakis because of her support for Trump.
Malliotakis told the Daily News editorial board this week that if she could re-do her vote, she would have written in Marco Rubio instead of voting for Trump in the general election.
The poll also found a 66% majority want the statue of Christopher Columbus at Columbus Circle to stay up, while 23% say it should be taken down. Voters also side with de Blasio's plan to tax the rich to fund repairs for the subway, with 57% saying that's a better idea than implementing congestion pricing.
Malliotakis said her campaign's own internal polls show a closer race. That survey, conducted by Barry Zeplowitz & Associates, found 44% of voters picked de Blasio while 28% who would vote for Malliotakis, according to polling data provided by the campaign. Another 23% were undecided.
"It shows it much closer. The race has narrowed significantly since I entered," Malliotakis said. "The only poll that matters is Election Day. I feel good about where we're at and the response I'm getting."
She also said she's confident she's raised enough money to qualify for taxpayer matching funds when officials make the determination next week.
Malliotakis took shots at de Blasio's handling of the homeless crisis Wednesday, standing with locals in Elmhurst, Queens who fought the conversion of the Pan Am Hotel into a shelters for homeless families.
"The living conditions here are unacceptable," she said outside the shelter. "It's not fair to the communities who woke up one morning and found out that in the middle of the night they moved families into their community without any type of conversation."
The city is paying more than $90 million over nine years for the hotel turned shelter, even though the operator has not installed kitchens required by law to be in place at family shelters.
"This is an illegal shelter," said Phil Wong, president of Elmhurst United.
Malliotakis opposes de Blasio's plan to open 90 new homeless shelters, saying homeless people should instead be moved to permanent housing.
De Blasio has also pursued plans to build low-income and supportive housing and offered rent vouchers for families to leave shelters and rent apartments. But the homeless population has barely budged because as people move out of shelters, more move in to take their place.
De Blasio has said the city will stop renting out hotel rooms for the homeless — which costs more than $500,000 a night — by 2023. Malliotakis also said it would take five to 10 years to leave the hotels, but said it could be done without opening the new shelters.
"It is a transition. It's not going to be overnight," she said. "What I'm saying instead is let's get permanent housing for these individuals, not homeless shelters."
De Blasio said her ideas weren't "realistic."
"If you get out of hotels and you get out of clusters and you don't have an alternative, you're going to end up with a lot more people on the street," he said.


text:
Why D.C. Got Pummeled With Snow
Sarah Zielinski
Those of you in the north may be laughing behind our backs (the D.C. region does tend to overreact in cold and snowy weather), but 18+ inches of snow is almost unheard of here in the nation's capital. The Smithsonian Institution museums shut down this weekend, and the federal government closed on Monday (your intrepid blogger, however, did come into her office). Hundreds of people got stranded at airports.
According to the Washington Post's Capital Weather Gang, it was a combination of two factors. First, high pressure has been building over the Arctic Circle region for the past few weeks. This pressure pushes very cold air south. You may have noticed that it's been very cold recently throughout the United States, and Siberia, China and Europe have all had a lot of snow recently. Second, this is an El Niño year, the strongest since the winter of 2002-2003. El Niño is a pattern of warmer than normal waters in the Pacific Ocean along the equator. The Capital Weather Gang explains:
Those warm waters tend to feed moisture into a southern branch of the jet stream (known as the sub-tropical jet stream), which adds fuel to storm systems over North America, especially in the southern U.S. and along the Eastern Seaboard. There is significant evidence that our weekend powerhouse was fueled by El Niño. In fact, according to reliable records back to 1950, this is the strongest El Niño with the most negative Arctic Oscillation we have ever seen in the month of December. This powerful convergence of weather influencers appears to have bred such an impressive record-setting event.
Neither weather pattern seems likely to go away soon, which means there could be more snow days in the future for D.C. this winter.
Sarah Zielinski | | READ MORE
Sarah Zielinski is an award-winning science writer and editor. She is a contributing writer in science for Smithsonian.com and blogs at Wild Things, which appears on Science News.


text:
Why Did Supreme Open a Store in San Francisco?
ByLei Takanashi
Staff Writer, Complex Style. @Lei_Takanashi
Image via Supreme
An hour before Supreme's store-opening party in San Francisco took place last Wednesday, a Korean college student named Thai—who is wearing a black Supreme Creeper T-shirt released last season—is asking anyone, and everyone, within the vicinity of the store if they're on the list to get in. He eventually bumps into POKER, a prolific San Francisco graffiti vandal who was invited to the party and is rolling a cigarette by a parking meter directly outside the store. The second Thai finds out POKER's on the list, he starts tweaking like a junkie, begging POKER to hook him up with a box logo T-shirt marking the store's opening. Calmly, POKER tells him that he probably has to come back when the store officially opens tomorrow. Thai doesn't seem disappointed. He's still geeked out that he met someone who's considered a friend of the brand.
"I think that it was only a matter of time for Supreme to open up in San Francisco, and I think it's a great time now because there's a lot of money in this city," POKER says. "A lot of disposable incomes will cater to that. But there are also strengths by staying true to the core community of skateboarders, which is really important."
Beatrice Domond, a member of Supreme's skateboard team, at the San Francisco store opening. (Image via Complex Original)
Two years after Supreme received a $500 million investment from the Carlyle Group, released a groundbreaking collaboration with Louis Vuitton, and had its brand valued at $1 billion, it refuses to stop presenting itself as the small skateboard shop that opened on Manhattan's Lafayette Street in 1994. Instead of opening in an untapped area where there's a hungry market for Supreme, such as South Korea or mainland China, it made a move that tips its hat to San Francisco, a long-time skate mecca that helped shape the culture that gave rise to the store itself.
"You gotta remember that back in the day, New York City wasn't popping. So a lot of us migrated out here to actually get it going," says Maurice Key, a Bed-Stuy, Brooklyn, OG who rode for World Industries and is closely affiliated with the original Supreme skate team. "Frisco is the epicenter. You had cats like Henry Sanchez, Mike Carroll, Jim Thiebaud, Coco Santiago, and Ben Sanchez. All the original heads out here who made it hot made us want to drive and build our scene up in New York City, too."
This September, Supreme closed its original store on Lafayette St., a tiny shop that was originally a clubhouse for New York skaters in the early '90s but merchandised in a way that elevated a simple graphic T-shirt by displaying it as a perfectly folded garment on a slanted wood board. As a brand, Supreme values cultural capital more than anything. If it wanted to, it could likely open up right next to the Louis Vuitton and Gucci stores in San Francisco's Union Square. Instead, Supreme chose a location on Market Street, a thoroughfare that leads to Embarcadero and Pier 7, plazas that served as incubators for technical street skating and have been featured prominently in some of the most influential skate videos of the last 30 years.
All the original heads out here who made it hot made us want to drive and build our scene up in New York City, too. -Maurice Key
Supreme's second store opening in two years arrives during a tumultuous period for San Francisco's skateboarding community. Earlier this year, Jake Phelps, the long-serving editor-in-chief of San Francisco-based skate bible Thrasher, passed away at the age of 56. Just blocks away from the new Supreme store, Pablo "P-Spliff" Ramirez—a member of the popular San Francisco skateboard crew GX1000—was tragically killed by a dump truck while he was skating this April. The brand officially announced its San Francisco store opening with a two-page ad, featuring a photo of Ramirez, in the Sunday edition of the San Francisco Chronicle. The night before the store's opening party, it premiered William Strobeck's newest film for Supreme, Candyland, at a nearby bar frequented by skateboarders.
"I fucked with Supreme for a long time. Now that they're coming into San Francisco, and seeing them start sponsoring city fools, that shit makes me happy," says Jake McDermogt, a 21-year-old skater whose friends work at the new store. "It's cool to see their culture is kind of expanding over here. Also, just putting my friends on is what's tight to me. Seeing them in Supreme videos and ads is what's cool."
Skater Jason Dill hugging artist Brendan Fowler at Supreme San Francisco's opening party. (Image via Complex Original)
The store's opening party on Wednesday night was a who's who of skateboarding and the subcultures that surround it. Kunle Martins, better known as the iconic New York City graffiti tagger Earsnot, walked around the space holding a plastic bag from Blick Art while wearing a leather Supreme vest customized with a IRAK patch. Southern California skate legend Jason Dill strolled around the store in a black coach's jacket tagged by Earsnot. Typical of Supreme stores, the San Francisco location boasts a skate bowl, wallpaper by the artist Weirdo Dave, and sculptures by Mark Gonzales. Outside the store's wall-to-wall storefront windows, Supreme fans hoping to buy the San Francisco box logo shirt stared enviously at the party going on inside.
But Market Street isn't like Los Angeles' Fairfax Avenue, where in 2004 Supreme opened its only other West Coast store. Before Supreme created a retail boom in the area, Fairfax was a quiet Jewish neighborhood filled with bakeries and delis reminiscent of old-school New York. Market Street has long been established as one of San Francisco's main commercial stretches, and Supreme sits just two blocks from large chain stores like Old Navy, Levi's, Nordstrom, and Bloomingdales. Next to its storefront is a Chai tea cafe, while techies can be seen shuffling in and out of a WeWork building less than a block north.
Still, the stretch of Market Street that now houses Supreme is a far cry from post-gentrified East Williamsburg, Brooklyn, where Supreme opened its last store before San Francisco two years ago. Supreme also sits on the border of the Tenderloin, a historically downtrodden neighborhood in downtown San Francisco where gangs still openly push drugs and, less than half a mile from the store, homicides have occurred recently.
"This is a completely different Market Street from when I was a young kid," says Sanders Hootsell Jr., a 46 year-old San Francisco native who says he was once a homeless drug addict who lived in the Tenderloin in the 2000s. "Crime is not as prevalent. You still have mental illness and drugs addicts out here but they still are in transition of cleaning this up totally."
Supreme's San Francisco location was leaked in a way that was unheard of in the brand's history. In April of 2018, Instagram accounts posted photos of a letter that Supreme sent out to locals, which invited them to learn more about the store at a community meeting. Many neighboring businesses declined to be interviewed about the store's presence, with one telling me it was simply too early to even comment. But the juxtaposition between Supreme and its next door neighbor Hospitality House, which runs a 40 year-old community arts center that gives free art classes and studio space to the homeless, is difficult to not notice.
People come and camp out for Supreme? These [homeless] motherfuckers are already camped out in front of the store.
"Hospitality House welcomes new neighbors, and we want to make sure that community artists are valued as community assets," said Hospitality House's Executive Director Joe Wilson in a statement sent via email. "We strongly disagree with any attempt to restrict artists' access to our Community Arts Program, and our gallery storefront space welcomes passersby to support the work of local artists."
The line at Supreme San Francisco's grand opening this Thursday. (Image via Complex Original)
The grand opening of Supreme San Francisco last Thursday was a bizarre theater act of obsessive brand loyalty and capitalistic entrepreneurship. All set on a stage showcasing glimpses of urban poverty and Silicon Valley wealth. It felt extremely different from the subcultural wonderland that was the store's opening last night where, for at least one night, Supreme felt like a clubhouse for the world's coolest and most authentic outcasts rather than the epicenter of consumerism. But on Thursday resellers in Louis Vuitton denim jackets chased down kids willing to offer them $1,000 for their San Francisco box logos, steps from the store, other locals sat on dirty sheets spread on the sidewalk, selling everything from bottles of shampoo to MacBook Air chargers. There were even more people peddling junk on the sidewalk around midnight, shortly after the store's opening party the night before.
"It doesn't matter how I feel about it," one skater, who wished to remain anonymous due to his friendships with store employees, says of Supreme's newest location. "It's about how the people around me, on the corners, and the people that sleep on the streets feel. People come and camp out for Supreme? These [homeless] motherfuckers are already camped out in front of the store."
However, the days of camping out for Supreme have actually ended a while ago. Nowadays, you won't ever see a Supreme drop reach the levels of chaos seen during events like the great 2013 Nike Foamposite riot. The official line in front of Supreme San Francisco did not block the entrance of the Community Arts Center and made space for pedestrians to walk by. The insane lines that were once as iconic to Supreme as the store's own logo have quelled ever since the store implemented a line registration system two years ago. Now, instead of being the first customer to line up in front of the store on Thursday, it's about being fast enough to register online for a random spot on the line.
Every Tuesday at 11 a.m., sign ups open on Supreme's website and spots get filled up for all its store locations within a minute. The next day, Supreme sends anyone who received a spot on line a text message that asks you to confirm your place on line. The place you get, and the time slot you are given to arrive at the store, are completely random. Paulo, a 29-year-old college student who lives 30 minutes away in American Canyon, California, got a text message from Supreme that told him to arrive at 1011 Market St. at 10:45 a.m., was given spot No. 2. The person who got spot No. 1? According to Paulo, it was supposedly some girl in Washington D.C. who decided it wasn't worth the trip. Paulo was officially the first person to shop at the Supreme San Francisco store.
The confirmation text from Supreme for Paulo's No. 2 place on line. (Image via Paulo)
"When I got to the checkout page, it glitched and said I registered for a drop at the New York store. When I got the text from Supreme, I just typed 'Yes,' regardless if it was New York or not, because I'll take that hit," says Paulo, "The next day, I got spot No. 2 and I was just so happy." Paulo picked himself up a San Francisco box logo, which was already going for $1000 on StockX, and some other items for his homies waiting outside.
Although the official line for registered customers was orderly, the street was crowded with people, who were unable get a registered place on line. Supreme does not let anyone who didn't register a spot on line to shop in its stores on Thursday drop days. Yet, those facts did not dissuade a crowd of hopefuls who were loitering outside of the store like Jason Marlow; a 39-year-old from Denver, Colorado who buys all his Supreme on an iPhone app, and still flew into San Francisco on drop day despite not having a registered spot on line. "I'll take anything if they let me in. Might as well gamble," he tells me as another customer begins to viciously argue with a Supreme employee right in front of the doors of the store.
"Angelo said he got me! I came all the way from New York to be here!" screams a middle aged man in a Supreme New Era fitted and Stone Island joggers, who is also angrily shaking a bottle of boxed water like a baby rattle, in front of a stern looking Supreme employee. The employee gives him a stone cold look and tells him that his team never makes mistakes. After two more attempts of begging to shop at the store, he eventually leaves and looks like he's about to burst into tears.
Unlike others who got a rare opportunity to shop at the store on opening day, Paulo, who has been collecting Supreme since 2008, is planning on keeping his rare box logo. Nearby, an Instagram reseller named @dillon_dropz, tells me he has "workers" on line who are going to fulfill 15 pre-orders he received for the San Francisco box logo. He has been in the resell game for four years and says that he has invested $20,000 into the drop today. He says buying Supreme in-person today has only gotten easier.
"The signups have made it pretty effective for newer consumers of Supreme to get products for retail," he says. Dillon used to go to school in New York City and remembers when Supreme first tried rolling out in-person sign ups three years ago for hyped drops like box logo hoodies. What ended up happening with that system, was that hypebeast teenagers nearly trampled each other to get inside a handball court to get their name on a list. "If you take the park sign ups for example, or the three day camp outs people used to do at Supreme Los Angeles, prior to these online signups, you really had a select group of individuals controlling the resale market."
Supreme is still a skate shop and it's undeniably the most successful streetwear brand of this day and age. But only time will tell how much longer it's subcultural bearings can keep rolling and support the brand's own weight.
"Supreme is true to its roots because all the original heads are still here. We still associate and have that bond through Supreme," says Maurice Key. "But it's also not because it's popular right now and it's the shit to have and wear. If you don't have Supreme now, you're not cool. It wasn't like that back then."
The scene on Market St. after the opening party for Supreme San Francisco. (Image via Complex Original)
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