If there two issuse the ski industry appears to be in agreement on it is that the foot functions best when it is immobilized in neutral and that pronation is bad.
Pronation is a combination of eversion (the sole turns away from the left-right centre of the body) and vertical axial rotation of the leg towards the left-right centre of the body. In the context of skiing, if the outside foot of a turn were to pronate, the foot and leg would rotate into the turn. But this should not be allowed to happen because pronation is bad. Let's find out if this is true.
First, let's revisit the stick men figures in FIG. 23 A and FIG. 23 B from my US Patent No. 5,265,350. The feet in FIG. 23 A are in neutral whereas the foot in FIG. 23 B is pronated. Note the angular relationship of the leg with the foot in FIG. 23B. It has enabled the alignment of the force W from the Centre of Mass and W of ground reaction force in opposition with each other. The force vectors are at 90 degrees to plane of the supporting surface. Note that the forces pass through innermost aspect of the pronated foot in FIG. 23B whereas in FIG. 23 A the forces are acting at the proximate transverse centre of each foot.
The sketch below is from THE EFFECT OF LIFT PLATES ON SKI MANEUVERS. When the foot is in a neutral it cannot pronate and the foot cannot evert. So it is impossible to align resultant and ground reaction forces so they are perpendicular to the transverse aspect of the base of the ski. In the sketch below the base of the ski is at an angle that is greater than 90 degrees to the vector of the resultant force R and ground reaction force GRF. In this relationship of forces a shear component of force will exist that will tend to make the ski slip out of the turn.
The sketch below shows the same mechanical constraints as the foot in neutral above except that the foot has pronated. The foot has everted sufficiently for the resultant force R and ground reaction force GRF to align in opposition to each other at right angles to the transverse aspect of the base of the ski. The force vector from the mechanical line is exiting the lift plate above the intersection of R and GRF.
The sketch below compares the effect of lift plates on pronated foot (black) and neutral feet (light grey).
FIS regulations permit a maximum combined height of the sole of the foot above the base of the ski of 100 mm. This is about the average width of a US men's size 9 foot. The sketch below shows a pronated foot with an approximated maximum allowable lift height.
Things get even more interesting when sidecut and vertical axial rotation of the leg (femur) into the turn are added to the discussion. When the outside foot of a turn can pronate, enabling the the use of internally generated vertical axial rotation of the leg (femur) into the turn to counter externally generated torque, skiing becomes ridiculously easy.
Dave, I think you're on the right track with this, but your Fa force is difficult to interpret. You have it, by default, in line with the long axis of the leg, but from a mechanical standpoint, it could be angled in a variety of ways, depending on the angle of the ground reaction force. I'll send you a drawing by email showing my take on it.
In human gait, the frontal plane horizontal (transverse) joint reaction force (JRFx) at the ankle is going to be roughly the same (but opposite) as the horizontal ground reaction force (GRFx) because the mass of the foot is negligible compared to the effect the mass of the body has on the ground reaction force. The sum of all the horizontal forces in the transverse direction = mass x horizontal acceleration of the 'segment' COM. There are only two horizontal forces…the horizontal GRF and the horizontal joint reaction force at the first joint (subtalar? or the 'ankle' joint?). So… JRFx + GRFx = mass of foot times its x-acceleration. Because mass is tiny, and because in gait the x-acceleration is small, the JRFx and GRFx forces are almost equal and opposite. In skiing, though, this force would be more difficult to model, because the mass of the ski/boot/foot would be substantial. IF THE FOOT IS IMMOBILE IN THE BOOT in the frontal plane (ie. prevented from everting/inverting) then you could consider, for modelling purposes, that it was one solid unit below the knee with a stationary Centre of Mass (ski/boot/foot/shank CoM) that would be located somewhere between the knee and ski base. In this case, the mass of the shank is only about 5% body mass, and the foot/boot/ski mass would bias the 'segment' CoM possibly below the foot. So if you then consider the shank/foot/boot/ski as a single unit, the moment arms for those horizontal forces would be small between the snow surface and the 'segment' CoM, but very large in comparison from the knee. Putting on a 5cm lift could stretch this snow surface-CoM distance by about 5cm, depending on the mass of the lift material and how that affected the CoM location. Then, the GRFx force would work around a much longer moment arm, and that moment would have an effect at the knee, since the same mechanical effect exists there…the sum of the forces at the knee = mass times x-acceleration of the ski/boot/foot/shank 'segment'.
I would think the skier would compensate for this by angling their body more into the turn to move the Resultant GRF closer to the shank/foot/boot/ski CoM to reduce the moments. I can't see what a lift is beneficial. Who uses them?
"Who uses lifts?" Virtually very skier, including yourself. The ski, binding, boot combination has always amounted to a stack of equipment between the base of the ski and the sole of the skiers foot that elevates the foot above the snow surface. Decades ago a device called the DerbyFlex was introduced that was supposed to allow the ski flex better underfoot. The DerbyFlex dramatically improved ski performance. Soon every racer was using the device. When racers started putting blocks of solid material between the ski top plate and the binding it became apparent that the performance increase was associated with height. Soon the race was on and the sky was the limit. Racers were reaching great heights above the base of the ski by adding lifts to both bindings and boot soles. My skis are 15 mm thick underfoot. The binding lift plate adds another 15 mm for a total lift of 30 mm in the ski system. My ski boot system adds another 37 mm between the boot sole and the top of the boot board for a total lift of 67 mm. Current FIS regulation allow 50 mm + 50 mm for a total lift of 100 mm. These regulations were introduced to REDUCE lift heights, not permit greater heights. My ski system stack height is 33 mm less than the total lift height permitted by FIS regulations. Insofar as immobilizing the foot, my position is that it is relatively easy to prevent the foot from pronating by limiting the ability of the arch to compress and the foot to elongate and the metatarsals to spread. In addition, the foot needs compressive forces across the 3 points of the tripod like base of the arches to functionally pronate, something that is only possible when the ski is flat on the snow. Even then, a skier has to create compressive force by aggressively extending and moving CoM forward. And this has to happen in a very brief interval. In my US Patent 5,265,350 I used the phrase 'without delay' with regards to pronation. While it is relatively easy to substantially prevent pronation, it is exceedingly difficult to prevent supination. In fact, when force is applied to the outside foot in STJ neutral the neutral position will facilitate inversion. The preceding issues aside, as you point out, trying to use a simplistic explanation of complex events can leave out many relevant issues. Once I have seen your sketch I will know better what the issues are that you are raising.
I could be wrong. But I suspect that in Ligety, Shiffrin and in most elite skiers who use the principles I am describing it is a combination intuitive changes made to their boots and luck. Having the right foot and leg shape is also critical. One of the few racers who I suspect knew what he was doing with equipment was Stenmark. I can't recall where I read, it but the story was that Warren Witherall noticed that Stenmark had cants either on his boot soles or bindings that were high side out and he tried to tell Stenmark he had it wrong. Wrong? I don't think so. This was at the point where Stenmark could and often did win runs by seconds. Stenmark knew exactly what he was doing. Once a skier gets the feel for the mechanics I am describing they will know right away if a piece of equipment interferes. The problem is that most skiers have never felt the mechanics. So they think that fighting the forces is what it is all about. In my next post I will talk about the role of leg and foot shape and characteristics. After that I will start to post on boot modifications. There is no point in trying to ski like Ligety until you have boots that let you ski that way.
So I guess my comment Dave is this : Is Ligety set up with these principles in mind ?


text:
Home Innovate
A Man-Portable Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
IdeaForge's Netra, an unmanned aerial vehicle built in collaboration with DRDO, has now been commercialised and is being bought by various law enforcement and defence agencies. This article delves deeper into this indigenous innovation. -- Ashwin Gopinath
For the uninitiated, Netra is a man-portable unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which can be used for a variety of applications like surveillance, reconnaissance and aerial imagery. It has been designed and created by a team of five engineers, Ankit Mehta, Ashish Bhat, Rahul Singh, Amardeep Singh and Vipul Joshi, in collaboration with the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Netra is currently being deployed for applications such as counter-insurgency, anti-terror operations, border management, crowd monitoring, disaster management (the armed forces are currently using the UAV to assist with search and rescue operations in Uttarakhand), aerial imagery, and the like.
Netra is a lightweight UAV, made of carbon-fibre composites. It uses four rotors to provide lift and control, giving it VTOL (vertical take-off and landing) capabilities. The absence of moving parts, apart from the rotors, motors and transmissions, makes Netra a very-low-maintenance device. Added to that, its low weight of 1.5 kg (in large part, due to its carbon-fibre construction) makes the vehicle easily portable.
When asked how they got the idea of this vehicle, Ankit Mehta, co-founder and CEO of IdeaForge, explains, "You will notice that the UAV employs a quad-rotor configuration. Initially, it was this configuration that gripped our imagination when we were still students at IIT Bombay. We were trying to find a way to make aerial platforms that could be easier to fly and make, even for a student. We independently worked out this configuration without any prior art reference and were genuinely excited about the configuration's intrinsic capabilities to be a stable hovering system. Its mechanical simplicity made it look doable. Once we started our company, the demand for UAV avionics and systems really got us in the groove. We created this product to act as a last-mile surveillance and reconnaissance tool for the forces."
The Netra UAV is a VTOL quad-rotor configuration, which is stabilised by the BlueFire autopilot developed by IdeaForge indigenously. A completely autonomous system that requires no prior flying experience for an operator, it is controlled through a ground control software application, which has an intuitive graphical user interface. The operator only needs to point and click on the satellite map displayed in the software application, to navigate the UAV. Netra keeps sending live video footage to the ground control station, which helps the operators to plan their moves based on the aerial video data received.
Ashish Bhat, co-founder and CTO, adds, "The level of autonomy in Netra is very high, allowing hands-free operation, once it has been commanded to go to a specified destination. There are several levels of fail-safe modes, like the low battery fail-safe mode and the communication loss fail-safe mode. In case of low battery, it automatically comes back and lands by itself. In case of a communication failure between the vehicle and the ground control station, it starts coming back, and when it regains communication it starts hovering and waits for the next command. So, it is obvious that we have tested and made it as fail-safe as possible."
Netra can be operated during the day and at night. This is made possible with a 10x zoom payload for daylight and a thermal imaging camera for night operations. The payload itself can tilt while the aircraft can pan the camera to get a full 360-degree view.
So how did the team solve the reliability issues most often encountered with systems of this nature? Rahul Singh, co-founder and CTO, responds, "We attribute the reliability of the system to the use of highly advanced, innovative and integrated inertial sensors from Analog Devices that offer 10 degrees of freedom. The reliability worries were also addressed with an all-in-one device which included a three-axis gyroscope, an accelerometer, a magnetometer and a pressure sensor. As we know, gyros, accelerometers and magnetometers are essential technologies to maintain orientation and track position, tilt, direction and rotation along all the three axes with dynamic feedback to provide accurate motion measurements—a must for a superior and reliable autopilot. These sensors were invaluable when furnishing the final working prototype."
The challenges faced
Developing an indigenous solution usually involves facing uniquely Indian challenges that, in turn, require indigenous solutions. Speaking about the challenges, Amardeep Singh, chief marketing officer, shares, "While we started work on the quad-rotor when we were in college, we took it up seriously only in 2008. After that, it took us about a year-and-a-half to deliver our first commercial system. Developing an aerial platform requires multi-disciplinary skills that are difficult to master. It has been through a lot of experimentation and analysis that we have been able to ensure that we offer a reliable and competitive product. The communication range, endurance and payload weight are typically the most common yet also the most difficult problems to crack in a UAV.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Is your organization looking to host a clothing/shoe drive? City Recyclers is able to provide signage, literature to pass out to the community, press release templates, and containers to collect clothing drive items. City Recyclers will help your organization promote your clothing drive and come at the end of the drive to pick up all items, weigh them, and pay your organization for the amount collected. This is a simple fundraiser in which your organization can acquire great revenue.


text:
Le panmayanisme (, ) est une approche qui considère l'unité du peuple maya, indépendamment des différences économiques, sociolinguistiques et culturelles des groupes qui la composent, comme point de départ pour l'articulation d'un projet politico-historique.

Articles connexes
 Peuple maya
 Civilisation maya
 Langues mayas
 Art maya

Bibliographie
 Victor D. Montejo, «  Pan-Mayanism : the complexity of Maya culture and the process of self-representation », in Maya intellectual renaissance : identity, representation, and leadership, University of Texas Press, Austin, 2005, 236 p.
 Kay B. Warren, Indigenous movements and their critics : Pan-Maya activism in Guatemala, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1998, 288 p.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Civilisation maya

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Whether you want to be remembered as a good partner or a bad partner depends on how did you end up your relationship. It is being saint or a devil.
There is no gain, no loss but be kind and considerate about the timing.
It will give you a sense of satisfaction and a good memory of you to your partner.
Don't do it when your partner is making the most important plan.
Just picking up a phone call and ending up a relationship without giving her even a hint about it is indeed a shock for her. Give her small little hints in advance.
Give hints to your partner by not replying her text messages.
This will prepare them for the things that you are likely to say.
And when you finally declare your decision they would already be prepared for it.
You should not regret about not giving voice to your problems after a breakup. Hence, talk about your problems and discomforts.
Who knows after voicing your problems, the game might turn around.
It will also help you in keeping the things clear in your next relationships.
It is a chance, an experience about how to speak about your problems.
Be serious about your words and expressions when you say your last words to your partner. It should not feel like some prank that you are playing with them as usual.
Breaking up is not a joke hence it should be taken seriously by both the partners.
Do not make fun of your partner while saying the parting words.
Be serious but not harsh and rude.
Make sure when you say the difficult words of separation you are looking into her eyes, even if with regrets. The reason is to be as emotionally intimate and as personal as possible.
It will be a bit difficult and insulting to just break up over a text message.
Don't be scared of her reaction, use a phone call or Skype video call.
Face this difficult situation don't run away from it.
Breaking up with some silly reason is a bad way of breaking up. Give the best reason followed with various valid points which also gives you enough confidence.
Just because you are not in a good mood you should not decide to break up with your girlfriend.
Also do not give silly childish reasons that made you to take this serious decision.
Point out your faults also, if you feel like saying any of them.
It is most important to clarify that you are not breaking up because of some other person. This act will keep you in her good list.
Clarify about the cheating angle in your breakup decision.
It is not because you have met somebody better, but because you want a break.
This will clarify your image as not a cheater in her eyes.
It is mark of a gentleman to put forward his genuine reasons in front of his loved ones so that they can understand the reason why he had taken this decision.
Send her a nice well written email, and still remain a gentleman her view.
Write down all the important reasons step by step.
Use simple language and easy examples from life don't be too poetic.
If distance is the reason, please do not use it, because this can make the other partner believe that things can get normal if they solve the distance problem.
Tell me your partner you want a break from the relationship and not the person.
Also inform you want to gather yourself to get back to life.
Be serious and genuine when you inform about the reasons.
Please do not expect your partner to be a wisdom tree, at present she is going through the most delicate time and could not decide how to react.
Give her some time to breathe even if she is angry and agitated.
Do not expect wise behavior at this moment.
Don't do anything stupid which disturbs her even more.
It is better to disconnect all the bridges all the connections that you both partners have between you so you cannot reconnect.
The best way to break up successfully is to complete this connection with your partner.
You can even try not to respond to her best friends also.
Consider this disconnection as a temporary exercise.
Not just the phone calls, text messages and frequent emails but also disconnecting her from Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and other social media apps is advisable.
Do not reply if both of you work tagged on Facebook in a post.
If a friend of your partner messages you online, avoid.
Also avoid visiting her wall or reading her posts again and again.
Since the long term relationship is based on the long term investment of emotions, the bond formed is also very strong to break.
All kinds of emotions are attached in every part of your house and life.
Long term relationships are also based on long term investment of time.
There are lots of habits and dependencies that has to be removed.
Are you going to have a complete breakup or are you still going to see each other or talk to each other. You need to decide and make arrangements.
If you are going to talk to each other how often?
And up to what time is it for the lifetime or just few years?
This makes things clear about what to expect and what to not from the ex-partner.
If your partner was emotionally attached to you it will be difficult for her to leave you, she will definitely try to call you or text you or get in touch with you somehow.
Constant attempt to get in touch with you can also change your mind.
You need to set your boundaries the do's and don'ts.
Don't get flown away into emotional memories and start texting her back.
Keeping the sensitivity of the other person into consideration is the main key to go through this situation successfully.
Stay controlled according to your plan but also do not prove yourself insensitive.
It won't harm your ego if you take the blame of separation on your head temporarily.
Above all do not lose your temper, this is the not even the last thing you want to do.
In a long term relationship you know about your partner's weak points and her ability to handle the situation and also about her the outcomes.
Think and remain prepared for the worst actions that your partner can get into.
Keep in touch with your lawyer just in case.
Also talk to your partner's best friends about keeping an eye on her to avoid situations.
The close friends and family members and the office staff who had been known to you both will definitely ask about your break up due to curiosity.
You might want to give different answers to different people according to their relation with you.
Also take favors from close friends, to not to be seen as a victim.
Also remain strict while replying to the casual acquaintances about your personal life.
After breaking up from a long term relationship the emotional attachments take time to heal and Readjust for both the partners, a professional counseling can do wonders.
Have a deep and in-depth conversation with your counselor.
You can invite your partner to these conversations in presence of your counselor of course.
Remain clear about your agenda of conversation and stick to it.
If your partner is an emotional roller coaster then you are also swimming in the same water, don't be so hard on yourself, you are also a human.
Express yourself in front of some trusted old friend or family member.
Cry if you want to it will relieve you from pain to some extent.
Explain yourself that you just faced a loss in life and it's a part of life.
Give importance to the partner who was more close to the pet, rather than getting emotional and taking the pet with you.
Decide what is more beneficial for the pet.
Think of your pet as your children and then take the decision in their favor.
You can meet your pet weekly at some place.
You both can have a difference in opinion, but now that you have separated chances are that you may badmouth your ex-partner in front of your friends, avoid it.
Avoid getting carried away emotionally.
Also temporarily avoid people with negative thoughts.
Ask people not to discuss a topic related to your ex-partner.
Enroll yourself into various creative activities like taking up an art residency vacation, for going on a mountaineering trip with few close friends.
This will avoid the same thoughts coming to your head again and again.
Disconnect your mobile phone and other communication when on vacation.
Enjoy the ambience of the place on vacation.
Living in two different separate places can be costly for both of you; also you will need two different cars.
Also you will need two different cooks, at two different places.
Spend wisely and only on the important things first.
Start learning to cook, wash and other basic activities.
If you have broken up to join a new partner then take her company as support to recover from your earlier relationship trauma.
Keep your heart big and acceptance open to take the even the unnecessary blame from your partner and her closed ones.
Ending a long-term relationship can be very difficult, so it's important to know which steps you must take to do it properly. In this article we will go over each step you should follow when trying to end your relationship in the right way.
There can be a lot of nasty fallout when ending a relationship, which is why it's a good idea to be realistic with your expectations. Most people don't take being broken up with very well, and you need to prepare yourself for what is to come. You need to remain assertive while still being respectful of how the other person feels. This will help you both get through the breakup as smoothly as possible.
Make sure that you choose a good time and place to break up with the other person. You probably don't want to do it in the middle of a crowded restaurant. Tell them that you need to talk with them about something important. Most people understand that this is code for breaking up, so they can prepare themselves for what is to come.
Honesty is the best policy when it comes to ending a relationship. You need to be straightforward and tell the person exactly how you feel. This is a sign of respect towards the other person, and it will go a long way towards ending things in a clean way. While you shouldn't be cruel about it, you do need to make it clear that it is over. The other person should have no misconceptions about what is happening.
If you and your ex are friends with a lot of the same people, it is worth discussing how you are going to tell them you are no longer together. This should ideally be a civil discussion between the two of you. Your ex could have their reasons for wanting to tell certain people themselves, and you should respect that.
It is important that you establish how you are going to move on from your relationship. You should decide whether or not you are going to be in each other's lives. A lot of people decide to just go their separate ways, while others remain friends. Remember that staying friends with your ex may not be the best thing for one or both of you. This is something that you should think about very carefully.
Even those who do the breaking up sometimes need to take time before getting into another relationship. It might not be a good idea to start dating someone else right away. You need to assess your own emotional state before making this kind of decision. There is usually a grieving process involved in ending a relationship. There is nothing wrong with taking a little bit of time to sort things out in your head before really moving on.
There is at least one good reason why your relationship didn't work out, and it's important that you think about it. By doing this you will be able to avoid similar mistakes in future relationships.
Avoid breaking up with someone through text or over the phone. You owe them the courtesy of a face-to-face conversation.
Stick to your guns and don't let the other person try to guilt you into staying with them.


Earn cash and educational products for DCE by sending in box tops and labels!
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3) Send the labels to school with your child as soon as possible. There is a collection bag in each classroom.
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text:
De volgende lijst is een lijst van bekende Vuurnatie-plekken in de fictieve wereld van Avatar, een cartoon op de tv-zender Nickelodeon. Deze plaatsen kunnen klein zijn, maar spelen wel een belangrijke rol in sommige afleveringen van Avatar.

Koloniën

Ba Sing Se
Met de val van Ba Sing Se, door een list van Vuurnatie-prinses Azula, werd Ba Sing Se een nieuwe Vuurnatievesting. Na de val van deze stad viel niet alleen de stad zelf, maar heel het Aarderijk. Vroeger was de stad een plek voor vluchteling voor de Vuurnatie, maar nu is niemand meer veilig in het Aarderijk.

Nieuw Ozai
Na de inname van de stad Omashu, is de stad verbouwd om beter bij Vuurnatie-steden te kunnen passen. De vorige leider, koning Bumi, is van de troon gestoten en vervangen door een gouverneur van de Vuurnatie. De dochter van deze gouverneur is een vriendin van de huidige Vuurnatie-prinses, Azula, die de stad Omashu naar haar vader vernoemde.

Overige
 Yu Dao

Vuurnatie

Vuurnatie School
Dit is een van de beste scholen in de Vuurnatie die de gedachten van jonge Vuurnatie-lingen proberen te beïnvloeden. De school geeft werk aan leraren die houden van tucht en orde. Scholieren die zich aanmeldden voor deze school, gingen hiernaartoe toen ze voor het eerst konden Vuursturen, en voor niet-Vuurstuurders toen ze voor het eerst konden lopen. Het lessenpakket bevat: Etiquette, Vuurnatie-geschiedenis, oorlogsgeschiedenis, muziek en Vuursturing.

Jang Hui
Een vissersdorp gelegen in de rivier Jang Hui. Dit dorp is uniek, vanwege de verbinding van paalwoningen en woonboten met elkaar. Eens was het dorp een welvarend vissersdorp, maar na de komst van een Vuurnatie-fabriek is de welvaart achteruitgegaan. Het afvalwater en andere afvalstoffen van de fabriek worden in de rivier geloosd. De vis die nu nog gevangen wordt bestaat uit twee soorten met smurrie bedekte vissen, en een aantal gore mosselen. Daarbij komt nog eens dat de fabriek het dorp verplichtte om de dorpelingen hun voedsel en medicijnen aan de arbeiders in de fabriek af te staan. Daardoor bestaat de bevolking van het dorp nu uit vele zieke mensen. Maar het volk houdt vol dat op een dag hun bescherm-geest, de geverfde dame, zal terugkomen om het dorp te helpen. Maar door de fabrieksafvalstoffen is de geverfde dame weggedreven.

In de aflevering De geverfde dame komen Aang, Sokka, Toph en Katara bij dit dorp aan, op hun weg naar de vuurheer. Katara kan het niet verdragen dat het dorp moet lijden onder de fabriek. Daarom sluipt ze er ´s nachts tussenuit om zich als 'de geverfde dame' te verkleden en het dorp te genezen en voedsel te geven. Later vernietigt ze de fabriek. De fabriekseigenaren kwamen naar het dorp toe, maar met de hulp van Aang en Toph heeft ze die weten te verdrijven. Niet lang daarna werd de rivier weer gezuiverd.

De Kokende Rots
De Zwaarst bewaakte gevangenis binnen de Vuurnatie en bevindt zich in het midden van een vulkanisch eiland aan een kokend meer. Naar deze gevangenis worden de zwaarste criminelen uit binnen- en buitenland gestuurd. Onder deze criminelen vallen dieven, verraders en oorlogsmisdadigers.

Hoofdstad

Koninklijk Paleis

Gevangenis Toren
Zich bevindend in een holle vulkanische krater naast de hoofdstad van de Vuurnatie, houdt de toren de meest gezochte en criminele gevangenen van de Vuurnatie. Te zien in de serie is dat de gevangenen als beesten worden behandeld. Oom Iroh werd hier ook gevangen gehouden, totdat hij ontsnapte.

Locatie in het universum van Avatar: De Legende van Aang
Avatar, Locaties, Vuurnatie
Vuurnatie-locaties


Bob Zuppke was head football coach at the University of Illinois from 1913 to 1941, serving longer than any other Fighting Illini coach.
Born in Germany in 1879, his family moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin when he was two-years old. Zuppke began his coaching career in 1905 in Muskegon, Michigan, and in 1910 he accepted the director of athletics/head coaching job at Oak Park & River Forest High School, where his duties included overseeing football, track, baseball, soccer, basketball, and swimming.
During his three-year tenure, "Zup" put Oak Park on the map as one of the greatest incubators of college athletes. His football teams won three straight championships and outscored their opponents 1,038 to 47. In his final year at the high school, his teams won championships in football (major and lightweight), soccer, swimming, and track.
In 1913 he accepted the head football coaching position at the University of Illinois. One of the great innovators of the game, Zuppke introduced the spiral pass from center, the onside kick, the flea-flicker, and the screen pass, as well as the offensive huddle.
Many talented players were lured to Illinois during the Zuppke years—the most famous being College Football Hall of Famers: Bart Macomber (a 1913 graduate of Oak Park & River Forest High School), Chuck Carney, Bernie Shively, and Harold "Red" Grange. During his 29 years as head coach, the Illini won 132 games, lost 81, and had 12 ties; his teams won four national titles between 1914 and 1927, and seven conference championships. Bob Zuppke was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1951. He died in 1957.


text:
Q: Get data from the past "x" hours excluding the weekend I'm using Oracle 11g.
What I would like to do is select login data from the past (let's say) 10 hours. I would like to exclude the weekend from this, and let my query wrap around to the previous Friday. For example, if it's Monday at 8:00 AM, I want to be able to find the logins that occurred from 12-8 AM Monday, as well as data from 10-11:59 PM on Friday.
My current statement looks like this:
select * from logins where end_time >= sysdate - (10) / (24)

But I'm not sure how to exclude Saturday and Sunday.

A: I didn't see what Database as the Question was only tagged as SQL.  Regardless the answer below is SQL Server but the concept will work in any database.  I've used the method shown below in SQLite and Oracle.
Get a list of dates between two dates using a function
There is an excellent answer contained in the above SO Post I provided above.  However this question has so many answers and the excepted answer is actually not the answer that solved my issue when I originally had a similar calendar table problem on my end.
I've pasted below the answer that works without having to create a calendar table and works within any standard query which can then be turned into a View/Stored Proc/Function etc....  And since the SQL below does not use a recursive CTE you can use this code in Views, Stored Procedures, Functions... etc... The dates table is still populated using a CTE but it does this using an exponential method of joining in several fake tables.  I think it is brilliant and it performs well.
DECLARE @StartDate  DATE = '08/01/2021'
    , @EndDate      Date = '08/01/2022'
;

-- From http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1378593/get-a-list-of-dates-between-two-dates-using-a-function
-- it basically just selects a whole bunch of 1s, gets the ROW_NUMBER() for each and filters.
-- This seems to perform better than inserting a bunch of rows in a WHILE loop or a recursive CTE
-- just UNIONing to the next date.
WITH
        N0 AS (SELECT 1 AS n UNION ALL SELECT 1)
    ,N1 AS (SELECT 1 AS n FROM N0 t1, N0 t2)
    ,N2 AS (SELECT 1 AS n FROM N1 t1, N1 t2)
    ,N3 AS (SELECT 1 AS n FROM N2 t1, N2 t2)
    ,N4 AS (SELECT 1 AS n FROM N3 t1, N3 t2)
    ,N5 AS (SELECT 1 AS n FROM N4 t1, N4 t2)
    ,N6 AS (SELECT 1 AS n FROM N5 t1, N5 t2)
    ,nums AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) AS num FROM N6)
SELECT DATEADD(day, num - 1, @StartDate) AS TheDate
    , DATENAME(WEEKDAY,   (DATEADD(day, num - 1, @StartDate))) AS TheDayName
    , num - 1 AS TheOffset
FROM nums
WHERE num <= DATEDIFF(day, @StartDate, @EndDate) + 1

In the above SQL I added the field for TheDayName so that you can filter out the weekends however you can add so many more fields that pull in more details of the dates being pulled in your query.  Refer to the below SQL as it shows how to add all of the unique date parts into the CTE as needed.  Again I added one of the below fields to the above CTE to pull TheDayName.
/* The below shows how to obtain additional information a date */
-- https://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/4054/creating-a-date-dimension-or-calendar-table-in-sql-server/

DECLARE @d DATE = '07/26/21';

SELECT
    TheDate         = CONVERT(date, @d),
    TheDay          = DATEPART(DAY,       @d),
    TheDayName      = DATENAME(WEEKDAY,   @d),
    TheWeek         = DATEPART(WEEK,      @d),
    TheISOWeek      = DATEPART(ISO_WEEK,  @d),
    TheDayOfWeek    = DATEPART(WEEKDAY,   @d),
    TheMonth        = DATEPART(MONTH,     @d),
    TheMonthName    = DATENAME(MONTH,     @d),
    TheQuarter      = DATEPART(Quarter,   @d),
    TheYear         = DATEPART(YEAR,      @d),
    TheFirstOfMonth = DATEFROMPARTS(YEAR( @d), MONTH( @d ), 1),
    TheLastOfYear   = DATEFROMPARTS(YEAR( @d), 12, 31),
    TheDayOfYear    = DATEPART(DAYOFYEAR, @d)

Last if you are needing an example of how you JOIN back to a calendar table see the accepted answer in this SO Post: How to Calculate the Total Unique Days Employed for All Jobs - No overlap days counted twice

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The silence was deafening. The only sounds I heard were coming from inside my head. I could hear the blood rushing through my veins from the palpitations of my heart. My sweater was moving to the uneven rhythm. I had to keep telling myself to remain calm. I must not appear flustered or guilty. I tried taking deep breaths to slow down the pace of my heart which took every ounce of my strength and fortitude. I grabbed my knees with both hands in an effort to stop them from shaking. But that didn't seem to help, and fear prevented me from thinking rationally.
How had this Saturday become so different from any other? Saturdays were reserved for house cleaning. That had been drilled into me since childhood. "Don't make plans because Saturdays are for cleaning." Always were – always would be. Sundays were for relaxing but Saturdays meant cleaning. All these years later, I still kept Saturdays for cleaning.
The day started out just like any other Saturday. No one could have guessed that my life was about to change forever. How could one fleeting moment, one microsecond of a person's life make such a difference? If only that moment could be snatched back from eternity, erased, but that was impossible.
It was one of those days when I felt grateful to be alive. It was bright and sunny and the air was fresh from a light snowfall the night before. I cleaned the house with a fury to have everything in order before going to the airport to pick up my husband, Paul. He had been in England for a week on a speaking tour and I was so excited about seeing him and hearing all about the trip. Our four-year-old son, Jason, was helping with the business of the day getting ready for Daddy's return.
The next thing I knew I was in the police station, alone, and scared. The holding room was like a phone booth with no windows. I was sweltering under a choking fog of body odor and stale cigarette smoke. Nausea swept over me and I had to force myself to take a breath.
"You wait here," a man said gruffly. Then the door was slammed shut and locked. That sound resonated through me and I felt as though my life was ending. It sent shivers up my spine and made me shudder. I could not explain my emotions or why I was so scared because I wasn't even sure what was going on. My mind raced. It was an emotional whiplash between "why" and "what if." What was going to happen? Why were they holding me? What if they found Paul? What would happen to my son? The questions wouldn't stop and I could not think clearly. I felt sick to my stomach completely oblivious to the fact that deep within my belly, new life was growing.
Earlier that day, Jason and I picked Paul up at the airport as planned and headed home. We had lots of plans for that evening and the next few days. Then I was arrested and restrained by rude, pushy, border police. They said they were holding me for questioning but I didn't know why. The only thing I knew I should do was to pray, and I wasn't sure how to pray in such a situation.
A gentle, yet firm, voice inside me was saying, "Admit to nothing. Only tell them your name and address. Say nothing else. Be careful, because they will try to trip you up." I did not totally understand this, but the voice got louder and louder until I knew I had to obey. I didn't know what was about to happen, but I knew I had to get through this one moment in order to get back home with my husband and son. If only I could snap my fingers and make this all go away.
We had been home from the airport just long enough to take off our jackets when the doorbell rang. I looked at Paul, only to see him flee through the back door without his jacket or shoes. The bell rang again. I had to answer it. The doorknob was cold and slippery and my hands felt weak. I kept telling myself to get control and appear unruffled.
Our Doberman stationed herself between Jason and me. She was extremely agitated and showing her teeth. One of the officers pulled out his pistol and held it in position to shoot our pet right in front of my son. Things were spinning out of control. I was scared and getting angry. I couldn't believe what was happening. I felt lightheaded, like I might pass out. The man lowered his gun and began speaking in a loud, condescending tone, asking if I had any weapons in the house.
Jason exclaimed, "You want weapons? I got weapons!" They followed him into his bedroom, all three with pistols drawn, as my innocent unsuspecting four-year-old opened his bottom dresser drawer and exposed all his "weapons." The three towering men looked into the drawer. One had the gall to search through the toys in great anticipation of finding something illegal. My son beamed with pride to have real policemen interested in his plastic revolvers and holster. If I hadn't been so scared, I might have laughed.
In a small, locked room from where I found myself a short time later, I could hear the police on the other side of the closed door. It was reporting an ongoing sniffer dog search through the woods behind my house. After all the years he'd spent hunting with his father, now Paul was the prey. The 40 acres were dense, dark, and swampy. I wondered if Paul had watched me being shoved into the patrol car. He would be frozen out there, in only a short-sleeve shirt. I was so worried because I didn't know what was going to happen. Would I ever see him again? I didn't even get to hug him or kiss him good-bye. I bit my tongue to stop a tear from running down my cheek, trying to appear unflustered.
I had to concentrate on not tripping as my legs were the consistency of Jell-O. I told myself I must not appear weak. I was led into a dingy office that smacked of Government Issue paint. The entire room lacked color. There was a distinct odor of mold. A quick glance around the room showed nothing personal, not even a plant. The desk was covered in files, and I could not help but wonder if they had information about me in one. I demanded to know what they had done with Jason.
"You better talk and talk fast lady if you want to get home to that kid of yours anytime soon," one of them said.
Reluctantly, one of the officers handed me a phone book. I randomly picked an attorney from the yellow pages and dialed the number, trying to keep my hand steady, so I would not show my nervousness. The lawyer said the exact same thing as my inner voice, adding, "Be careful what you sign." I wondered why he'd mentioned signing something.
The interrogation continued but I stood my ground and did not waver. Amazed at my own courage, I had a strong sense that I must obey my inner voice. After ten or fifteen minutes, another officer entered the room. He looked unkempt in a wrinkled suit. His tie was crooked and didn't match his shirt. I found it odd I should notice something that insignificant but it gave me a little more courage. He bent down and whispered something into another officer's ear. It seemed they were going to let me go.
"Read this release form and sign on the bottom," he told me.
I sensed irritation in his voice and assumed he was upset that they had to release me. I looked the form over. It basically said I was being released for lack of evidence. I was about to sign it when I felt compelled to turn it over. At the bottom of the page, in print almost too small to read was a statement admitting my guilt.
I could not believe that such deception would be used in America. I stood up and threw the paper across the desk. "What kind of a game is this?" I raged. "There is no way I'm signing this form!" My adrenalin was rushing, which gave me the audacity I needed to hold my head up high and walk out of there.
It was only about a mile to my house and walking gave me time to think. My hands were quivering, my stomach ached and I needed to go to the bathroom. I knew that if I could just get home I would be able to think clearly. The tears flowed easily now and I tried to keep them at bay. I had to keep my head clear. I had to figure out what to do. Should I get Jason? They had taken him to a daycare, and I felt he was better off there than seeing me in this state. I didn't know if I should stay at home and wait for the phone to ring or start driving around. Would I be followed? There were no answers – only a lot of questions.
I was still very frightened. I was in a cold sweat and my hands were shaking. I tried to button up my sweater but I was all thumbs. Every time I took a breath, my chest hurt. The cold air was helping to clear my head, but I didn't know of anyone I could call or trust.
I had no idea where Paul was, what had happened to him, or how we ended up in this situation. I later learned that Paul could see our home from his crouched position in the woods and watched closely as a figure in the back bedroom kept motioning him to move forward. He assumed it was me, so he obeyed. However, I didn't do that, and other than the officers looking at Jason's toys, no one was in that back bedroom. So he began his trek through the dense forest with no idea of what he was going to do.
Then he heard the voices. There were several. They were coming closer and his heart momentarily stopped. He held his breath as a German Shepherd approached him. He knew it was over. The chances were slim to none that he would ever escape. The hunter had found his prey and would be duly rewarded. Paul's heart was pounding so fast, he was afraid the dog would sense his fear and attack. Oddly, the dog just sniffed Paul and relieved himself on a bush.
Then the strangest thing happened. The dog let out a slight yelp and jumped back, like he was being slapped by something unseen, and quickly ran away. The voices diminished and then they were gone. Paul's relief was overwhelming and he felt weak as his adrenalin slowed down, but the task at hand was to find safety. It was not safe to go back home. Now what? Go where? What was happening on the home front? Then he remembered the figure in the back bedroom motioning him to move onward and so he did.
Nothing in my upbringing had prepared me for what was ahead.


I like playing with synthesizers. This is how I start producing bunch of music tracks.
It is not about money or getting famous. Just fun and hobby.
Feel free to download them or ask for download if the links don't work.
For the track called "Lazy Things" I've edited a video with shots from Tim Burton's Corpse Bride.
So glad I stumbled upon this! I am new to all this but I am little bit confuse by the first point you made. Nevertheless, these are good suggestions!


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According to the brownfield application, the new site will house a 22,000 square foot child development center, and will bring 15 jobs to the city of GR, as well as the retention of 15 others.
Here's a photo of the site that sits next to the Bishop store. I believe the development will use both this parcel and Bishop's.
This is in addition to the new shuttle parking for Spectrum that is being created around the corner on Plymouth.
The current child care center is at 930 Lake Drive, not on the BW campus. I know that there is currently up to a 1 year wait for employees to get kids into this place so it only makes sense to expand. There's another child care center on-location at Blodgett - wonder if that will stay open....? And rumor mill here still says that SH is buying the old Davenport building on Fulton(?) to move the Healthier Communities to (currently across from GVSU).
And rumor mill here still says that SH is buying the old Davenport building on Fulton(?) to move the Healthier Communities to (currently across from GVSU).
Answers some questions about the consolidation and the Withey building demolition being one of the factors.
Great news for that location. I don't understood why it stood empty as long as it did. It is very easy access to/from a variety of places and was a sizable piece of land. Surrounded by nice neighborhoods, it might help increase the values in the adjacent areas.
This looks like a large piece of property for a 22,000 sf building. Are they going to put a bunch of parking spaces for spectrum here as well? Hopefully the building won't have a huge setback.
The building is going to be close to the street, but take up a lot of the site. I'd post renderings but frankly we are not happy with them yet. The site is only 1.22 acres (not including 1701 Michigan - Service Metals...that plan is still being worked out) so with green space, parking, etc the site is fairly tight.
This is great news. I drove by the old Bishops building a few weeks ago and thought it was a shame that the land was sitting unused. I agree that it is a pretty good location for a variety of uses. It looks like we're starting to stretch Michigan to the Medical Two Mile.
What is the deal with the Service Metal building?
Is that going to be taken down as part of this project too?


text:
home episodes stories guests about contribute credits
transcript of episode 23: 2021: A YEAR IN ERROR, 7th January 2022
[🎶 INTRO: "Spring Swing" by Dee Yan-Kee 🎶]
welcome to the error bar: where brain zingers are zapped
in this episode: how rocket scientists & brain surgeons are just as clever as you, how to publish anything in medical journals, how music affects the brain & 2021 has ended
here is the brain news on the 7th January 2022:
[🎶 BIG BEN BONGS 🎶]
ROCKET SCIENCE & NEUROSURGERY FOR ALL
the British Medical Journal's Christmas issue always contains some 'fun' science, resulting in two stories at the error bar.
the first is that a survey & online intelligence test of 748 aeronautical engineers (rocket scientists) & neurosurgeons (brain surgeons) has found that members of these professions are in general no better at 12 cognitive tests that a large cohort of the general British population.
the researchers recruited rocketeers & neurosurgeons through professional mailing lists, inviting them to complete 12 computer tasks over 30 minutes. these tasks were taken from a battery of tasks completed by around 250 thousand members of the Great British Public in a previous study.
after data cleaning & processing, the brain surgeons were a bit better than the rocket scientists in one cognitive domain, & the rocketeers a bit better than the surgeons in another. compared to the population, surgeons were faster on one thing & slower at another.
[🎶 INTERLUDE 🎶]
are rocket scientists & neurosurgeons as smart as us?
yes. probably.
with the levity of presentation, the time of year & this story's popularity with the British Press, it's fair to say that this report provides no strong evidence that these two groups - of largely white European men - did not perform better than the general public on these tests.
yes, there were some 'significant differences' between the scores of the two groups of white male Europeans, & some differences between the neurosurgeons and the British, but these small differences should be taken into account along with the study's several flaws:
first, the two groups were quite different - in size & geographic origin; there were also many more men in the groups compared to the general population.
second, the data from 748 respondents was whittled-down to just 401, after processes of 'data cleaning'. this may be typical for online research studies, but it leaves the error bar with little confidence in the quality or representativeness of the cognitive test scores & reaction time data that remains.
third, the data were processed by running a factor-analysis, which reduces lots of different kinds of data into a smaller number of simpler scores. in this study, the factor analysis was done on the 401 new datasets, reducing data from 12 tasks down to 6 different scores. the scores of the general population were then converted & compared with the rocketeers & surgeons scores. this seems like the wrong way around - why not do the factor analysis on the more reliable & less-biased whole population data, then calculate the new participants' scores?
fourth, the two groups were compared with each other using 6 statistical tests, then each group was compared to the general population again with 6 tests. 18 tests were done, four were statistically significant, & only one would have survived corrections for multiple comparisons, if they'd been done.
the error bar is not lowered at christmas or any other time of year - this study provides only weak evidence that rocket scientists & neurosurgeons have similar cognitive skills to the general british population.
the science was by Usher et al. 2021: British Medical Journal; reported in The Independent by Vishwam Sankaran on 14/Dec/21, & The Daily Mail by @shivalibest on 13/Dec/21, & The Guardian by @NicolaKSDavis on 13/Dec/21
GUIDANCE GUIDANCE IS BOGUS
academics have a sense of humour, honest.
to prove this, several journals have traditions of publishing amusing or spoof articles at christmastime. a favourite of mine is Bones & Johnson's 2007 article in Perspectives on Psychological Science, explaining how psychologists are running out of naive participants for the Implicit Association Test, & arguing that tests on the unborn & the dead were now warranted.
in a similar vein, in the British Medical Journal, Greta Bauer is bemused by the volume of publications telling you how to publish, stretching to publications of guidance for drawing up publication guidance.
in response, Professor Bauer has produced BOGUS - the Biased Outcome reporting Guidelines for Underwhelming Studies (BOGUS) statement and checklist. you can use Bauer's very helpful wine-stained flowchart to decide how, what & where to publish your work, regardless of its merit.
it seems very likely that this will be used, by some, without irony.
the science was by Bauer 2021: British Medical Journal;
and the brain in brief...
MUSIC RELEASES DOPAMINE
after six days of quarantine, the last thing i needed was a BBC radio 4 quiz host telling me that listening to music specifically releases dopamine in the brain, that dopamine is the 'happy hormone', that that's all there is to say on the subject of music neuroscience & that the contestant who answered 'serotonin' was, in fact, wrong.
i will not patronise the good nerds of the error bar by wasting precious seconds explaining why neither the question, nor the answer, makes any sense at all.
reported in The BBC by @PaulGambaccini on 27/Dec/21
PLOTKIN, KOHONEN, LEAKEY, WILSON
the deaths of four prominent neuroscientists & evolutionary scientists have been announced.
Professor Henry Plotkin, former head of department at University College London, worked on evolutionary concepts including the Darwin Machine and Universal Darwinism.
Professor Teuvo Kohonen, a Finnish computational neuroscientist who devised the concept of self-organising maps in the brain, then coded it in Matlab.
Professor Edward O Wilson, the American naturalist famous for working on ants, for sociobiology, affectionately known as 'Ant Man' and 'Darwin's natural heir'.
& Professor Richard Leakey, Kenyan paleontologist, ivory-burning conservationist, double-amputee, & part-time politician, famous for promoting Africa as the birthplace of humanity.
reported in Twitter by @sophiescott on 17/Dec/21, & Twitter by @aivoAALTO on 14/Dec/21, & The BBC on 3/Jan/22, & The BBC on 27/Dec/21
2021: A YEAR IN ERROR
the error bar is one year old, cheers!
a lot of podcasts & outlets produce an 'end of year show' around this time - the three that i regularly listen to produced '2021 in review' shows on average 5 days before the end of 2021, that's significantly earlier than year end; the t-values with 2 degrees of freedom is 8.66, and p=.013. please do write in to tell me how you can't run t-tests with less than 30 gazillion datapoints.
here at the error bar we wait until the year is finished before reviewing it. also i had covid over christmas, so really did not feel like dissecting neurobollocks between frequent throat clearances.
[for the rest of this story, please see here]
stay tuned for more error
well 2021 has gone, so what did we learn?
first, i learnt a lot. about processing audio signals (though i still have much to improve), about the colour of stars, rubber hands, journals, tools & the brain. for all this learning i thank my guests. i have tried to invite relatively early-career scientists to be guests on these shows, because these guys do most of the science & because we all know what the later-career people think anyway. if you know someone who could make a good story on or for the error bar, then let me know.
second, i have learnt a lot about what brain science gets published in the news media. it has nothing to do with the quality of the science, that is clear: there were some amazing - & some terrible - studies that made it into the brain science news. it seems to help if your science is freely-available: there were a disproportionate number of stories from open access sources like Frontiers, PLoS, the Royal Society & individually open-access papers. this seems obvious - why should the news media pay for science?
i have performed a principal components analysis on all the neuroscience stories published in 2021. the result was four components with eigenvalues over 1 that give all you error bar nerds some robust guidance about what you should be researching in 2022. principal component 1 is dogs: make sure your study is about dogs. component 2 is dementia: ideally dogs with dementia, or dogs who help people with dementia. the third component is sex & body odours: anything disgusting will do. fourth is tech: robots, AI, whatever nonsense mr musk said this week. conclusion: if you want to be in the media in 2022, it's time to get your robot dog to sniff out dementia from bodily excretions.
an end-of-year show would not be complete without prizes. & here are the golden bar of error winners for 2021:
[drumroll]
my favourite story of 2021 was Havana syndrome. it has everything - spies, mind-rays, presidents of world superpowers making statements of denial & resolve, plus super-dodgy cold-war era pseudoscience done by old men in white coats who haven't seen the sun in years. more of that in 2022 please!
my favourite paper was 'Dump the dimorphism', by Professor Eliot & colleagues. i'm no expert in the topic & i know there are some arguments about it, but this paper is a Behemoth - over six hundred studies systematically reviewed & analysed, 150 manuscript pages. it takes an hour just to download the paper. i suggest you take a look!
my favourite error of 2021 was committed by the authors of the 'Inception is a reality' paper - neuroscientists who claimed that *they* can infiltrate people's dreams, who then wrote a follow-up paper complaining that major companies are doing exactly that, then naming, promoting & linking to that company's products over & over again in a highly-publicised open letter. it was either ironic, deliberate, or impressively short-cited. well done.
finally, the neural correlate of 2021 is... frontopolar cortex, for its services to the enjoyment that some people get from watching other people pop pimples. outstanding work, well done frontopolar cortex.
that was the year that was. in 2022, the error bar will continue doing much the same thing, with some minor tweaks.
making the podcast takes a lot of time - about 8 hours per episode - & i need a bit more time to write my own papers for the daily mail to review. so there will be fewer episodes in 2022 - probably 20 - & they will come out mostly during the 30 weeks of academic term. there will still be discussion episodes, but fewer - these take 2 or 3 days each to produce.
& finally: a year ago i remember being nervous about uploading my first episode. i felt a lot like i did when making my first website about 20 years ago - why would anyone want to listen to this? i remember wondering what it would take for me to give it up & what to continue. well, dear error bar nerds, i am pleased to say that the 10 listener threshold i set in January has been maintained throughout. the first year has had three thousand down-listens, about 100 per episode. we're big in Germany & Austria - danke schön - & most popular with 18 to 35 year olds - awesome.
the error bar is now closed for refurbishment & will be open again in February 2022. Happy Christmas!
[🎶 OUTRO: "Cosmopolitan - Margarita - Bellini" by Dee Yan-Kee 🎶]
it's closing time at the error bar, but do drop in next time for more brain news, fact-checking & neuro-opinions. take care.
the error bar was devised & produced by Dr Nick Holmes from the University of Nottingham. the music by Dee Yan-Kee is available from the free music archive. find us at the error bar dot com, on twitter at bar error, or email talk at the error bar dot com.ε


text:
Q: Should this MVC4 API call be async? I've just inherited an MVC4 API application that acts as a basic request forwarder for some other services.  The basic structure of the app is something like this:
[request] -> [rest api] -> [local processing] -> [synchronous call to external service] -> [local processing of response] -> [response]
The local processing is mostly about validating and saving stuff into a db.  Nothing heavy at all.  The external request could take anything from 1 - 200+ seconds in extreme cases. The API typically handles several thousand requests per hour.
The app is hosted on a single, small, azure cloud instance.
What I'm confused about is the threading.  The entire process from the API handler method, through to the external call to the external service, is set up to be asynchronous:
public async Task<CustomResponseType> Post([FromBody] inputType) {
   // some validation
   ...
   // save some stuff to a db
   ...

   var response = await httpClient.PostAsync(someRequest)
   return await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
}

So firstly, what is the advantage to making this process async?  To my understanding, IIS should be managing its own thread pool for incoming requests, and since we're waiting for a synchronous response to a single external service call, it doesn't look like anything actually gets processed in parallel. At first glance, it looks like the async service requests would be competing for the same resources that IIS would use, and that it might actually be more efficient to just do it all synchronously.
I've read this: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee728598%28v=vs.98%29.aspx?wa=wsignin1.0 and understand that there maybe something called 'thread starvation' on the IIS side.  That article supports the idea that async might be helpful in this situation, but I'm struggling to understand why. Would it be easier to just increase the number of IIS threads? Would they not all be competing for the same resources? Is the issue that IIS threads are heavier to use?

A: The use of the async/await does not mean "generate new threads to make these async calls".
Eric Lippert describes the process of using async/await beautifully in his serious Asynchronous Programming in C# 5:

The "async" modifier on the method does not mean "this method is
  automatically scheduled to run on a worker thread asynchronously". It
  means the opposite of that; it means "this method contains control
  flow that involves awaiting asynchronous operations and will therefore
  be rewritten by the compiler into continuation passing style to ensure
  that the asynchronous operations can resume this method at the right
  spot." The whole point of async methods it that you stay on the
  current thread as much as possible. They're like coroutines: async
  methods bring single-threaded cooperative multitasking to C#.

When you use the async modifier on a method, the compiler infers it as a sign and generates a state machine according to the flow of your method and the use of the await keyword inside it. It DOES NOT make any use of extra ThreadPool threads, on the contrary, when you await on I/O bound async method, the compiler yields control back to the caller, which in the case of ASP.NET will let the current thread return back to the ASP.NET ThreadPool to be used for other requests coming in. Once the I/O work is done, the continuation will be invoked via a IOCP thread also assigned by the ThreadPool, which means you are actually letting threads do more, without creating new ones at all.
There are plenty of great posts describing this effect:

*

*There Is No Thread - By Stephan Cleary

*Does async and await increase performance of an ASP.Net application

*ASP.NET async/await part 2

*The Magic of using Asynchronous Methods in ASP.NET 4.5 plus an important gotcha (By Scott Hanselman)

*Why use async requests instead of using a larger threadpool?

A: Since the external call can take up to 200 seconds, then yes, this appears to be an entirely appropriate use of an asynchronous controller.
Async controllers are best used when you have a large number of non-CPU bound blocking requests--I/O, as you have now, is a perfect example. A standard "synchronous" approach would block a thread for the duration of the external service call. Imagine you have 10 IIS worker threads (an artificially low number, I know), and receive 10 service calls more or less simultaneously. Each service call, for some reason (maybe due to the parameters passed), takes 100 seconds. As each thread is waiting for a response from the external service, your thread pool has been starved--IIS is not able to process any additional clients.
Using an async call, on the other hand, the .NET framework "shelves" the request to the external service, delegating it to a system process. The thread is then freed up to process additional clients. Once the request returns, execution flow on that particular thread is returned to the async method. If you're familiar with Javascript, you can imagine everything after the await as a callback method.
This is highly advantageous to simply increasing the number of threads as async methods do not require an expensive context switch when execution flow is returned after the await. All in all, async provides a better way of dealing with concurrent I/O-bound operations (note: async loses some of its advantage when dealing with CPU-heavy concurrent processes).
This article may help: http://blog.stevensanderson.com/2010/01/25/measuring-the-performance-of-asynchronous-controllers/


text:
The Republican Establishment Wants a New People
German Marxist Bertholt Brecht responded to the suggestion that the government had lost the confidence of the people with the quip: "If that is the case, would it not be be simpler, If the government simply dissolved the people And elected another?"
Apparently, the GOP establishment has been reading Brecht. Pollster/commentator Scot Rasmussen writes Republican Establishment Declares War on GOP Voters:
As seen from the halls of power, the problem is that Republican voters think it's OK to replace incumbent senators and congressman who don't represent the views of their constituents. In 2012, for example, Republican voters in Indiana dumped longtime Sen. Richard Lugar in a primary battle.
This infuriated establishment Republicans for two reasons. First, because they liked Lugar and the way he worked. Second, because the replacement candidate was flawed and allowed Democrats to win what should have been a safe Republican seat.
So, according to Politico, the Washington team is gearing up a new effort to protect incumbents and limit the ability of Republican voters to successfully challenge establishment candidates.
[NB: I think Rasmussen understates the problem here. Mourdock's statement about abortion and rape was a principled reaction to an excruciating moral and ethical issue, and he deserved respect whether or not one agreed with his stand. In my opinion, the Republican establishment was waiting to pounce on him, because its members wanted him defeated so that they could then blame the loss on the Tea Parties. When a Democrat says something stupid — an hourly occurrence — the party rallies around and defends him/her. When a Republican conservative says something intelligent and honest, the establishment throws the first rock, and the second and third.]
Rasmussen goes on:
That's why more than two-thirds of Republican voters believe GOP officials in Washington have lost touch with the party's base.
The Republican establishment has two choices. They can act as mature party leaders of a national political party, or they can protect their own self-interest.
Mature party leaders would spend a lot more time listening to Republican voters rather than further insulating themselves from those voters. They would try to understand why just 37 percent of Republicans nationwide believe the economy is fair. They would give serious thought to why just half of GOP voters have a favorable opinion of House Speaker John Boehner, the highest-ranking elected Republican in the nation. They would acknowledge that government spending in America has gone up in every year since 1954 regardless of whether Republicans or Democrats are in charge.
Then mature party leaders would chart a realistic course to address these concerns and share those plans with the voters. To succeed, this course would have to include some painful medicine for the establishment, such as giving up corporate welfare programs that benefit their friends and allies. It also would require helping Republican voters identify primary candidates who challenge the establishment but could be effective on the campaign trail.
This is a much tougher course to follow; one that would benefit the party and the nation. Unfortunately, by seeking to protect the insiders from the voters, all indications are that most establishment Republicans would rather blame the voters and keep their perks.
Rasmussen is one of the most perceptive political analysts. The implicit message here is that the Republican Party may not be salvageable, and that the need for a new structure is growing apace. Let us hope that Sarah Palin, Ted Cruz, Allen West, and some others are reading his columns.
James V DeLong
Allen West, crony capitalism, Cronyism, Republicans, Sarah Palin, Tea Party, Ted Cruz, Third Party
James V DeLong(65 Posts)
Author: "Ending 'Big SIS' (The Special Interest State) and Renewing the American Republic" (2012) [www.SpecialInterestState.org] and "Property Matters--How Property Rights Are Under Assault and Why You Should Care" (1997). Some former jobs: Assistant Director of Consumer Protection in FTC; member of the Program Analysis Staff of the US Bureau of the Budget; Research Director of the Administrative Conference of the United States; Director of IPCentral at the Progress & Freedom Foundation; VP & GC of the National Legal Center for the Public Interest. Graduate of Harvard College and Harvard Law School, former Book Review Editor of the Harvard Law Review.
A. Barton Hinkle | The EPA Pushes the Envelope, Again
Charles Krauthammer | The meaning of Hagel


Here's a list of our favorite Android apps of April 2014.
Coursera, the popular online learning company, released its free Android app on Google Play. The company first released its iOS app just a few months ago. Coursera for Android is an app that connects students and professionals and offers free online courses from top universities. You can browse through 600 courses in more than 20 different subject areas, stream lectures online, and learn from top instructors. Coursera's app makes it easy to you can learn on your own schedule. You can download Coursera from the Google Play Store here.
AVG Technologies launched AVG Zen, a new free application that lets you protect all of your Android devices. AVG Zen lets you keep track of your Android smartphones and tablets, boost performance, and control your privacy. The app will help you keep your Android device running smoothly. You can download AVG Zen from the Google Play Store here.
If you're looking to replace the wallpaper on your home screen, you might want to check out Facets, an app that features artwork from Australian artist Justin Maller. With Facets for Android, you can browse through over 365 pieces of art, varying form moods and concepts, which will look great on your Android device. While the app is not free, you can purchase it for a low cost price of $0.99. You can purchase Facets from the Google Play Store here.
With Microsoft Office app for Android, you can view and make quick edits to Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel and Microsoft PowerPoint documents while on the go. View documents attached email messages, view and add comments, and you can browse PowerPoint slides. You can download Microsoft Office from the Google Play Store here.
Fiverr recently released an Android app that lets you post listings for services starting at $5. The app features more than 3 million services, including categories like design, arts and crafts, programming and more. You can download Fiverr from the Google Play Store here.


per hundred weight (CWT) unless otherwise specified.
San Angelo:     shorn and wooled 110-130 lbs 120.00-128.00.
VA:             wooled 110-125 lbs 140.00-155.00.
South Dakota:   shorn and wooled 120-170 lbs 126.00-133.00.
Missouri:       90-100 lbs 130.00-150.00; 100-150 lbs 125.00-140.00.
Equity Elec:    shorn 150 lbs 133.75.
Ft. Collins:    72 lbs 187.50; 80 lbs 160.00.
lbs 150.00-167.50; 80-90 lbs 140.00-160.00.
Virginia:       60-80 lbs 189.00; 80-110 lbs 161.00-183.00.
Utility 1-2 (very thin) no test; Cull 1 no test.
Virginia:     Good 2-4 no test.
Utility 1-2 (thin) no test.
Ft. Collins:  79 lbs 160.00; 103 lbs 132.50.
ewes 80-130 lbs 80.00-122.00 cwt.
solid mouth 115 lbs 72.00 cwt.
totaled 39,000 compared with 38,000 last week and 39,000 last year.


text:
Ridgefield Partners Announces Launch of Middle-Market M&A Advisory Practice
News Editor October 12, 2022 2 min read
<img width="1920" src="https://cdn.newswire.com/files/x/17/f2/f9ba7ef2d5c15337431e1e08693a.jpg" class="webfeedsFeaturedVisual wp-post-image" alt="Ridgefield Partners Announces Launch of Middle-Market M&A Advisory Practice" loading="lazy">World-class M&A experience servicing lower middle-market companies Ridgefield Logo Logo Black DENVER - ...
World-class M&A experience servicing lower middle-market companies
Ridgefield Logo
Logo Black
DENVER - October 12, 2022 - (Newswire.com)
Veteran private equity fund manager Richard Waryn has joined forces with transportation and logistics entrepreneur Todd Harman and M&A specialist Michael Seeley to form Ridgefield Partners LLC, a top-tier mergers & acquisitions and strategic advisory firm serving the middle-market. According to Waryn, "Our objective is to bring world-class client service to a historically underserved market segment."
Ridgefield is focusing on serving sell-side and buy-side clients in a wide range of sectors in the $10 million to $150 million enterprise value size range. The principals of the firm have particular expertise in transportation and logistics, construction, and business services. Collectively, the Ridgefield team has closed deals all over the world across a wide variety of sectors including transportation, infrastructure, telecommunications, retail, manufacturing, and technology.
In addition to the founders, Stephen Boane will join the firm as Senior Managing Director. In addition to his background in private equity and investment banking, Boane also built up and sold Traemand, the largest kitchen installation services provider to IKEA. He sold Traemand in 2018. Boane brings tremendous insight into the business services sector and a deep understanding of what it means to own, operate, and sell a business.
Todd Harman added, "Our real objective is to help business owners maximize the value of their businesses, whether that means selling them immediately or positioning them for later sale or merger."
Mike Seeley added, "Almost everyone that you will work with at Ridgefield has owned, operated, and sold a business of their own. We combine technical experience and rigor with the perspective of having been operators. This experience makes a difference both in valuation and how the transaction proceeds. Very few advisors can make that claim. I'm humbled to be working alongside a team of people who can."
About Ridgefield Partners
Ridgefield Partners is a specialized mergers & acquisitions firm servicing middle-market companies throughout North America. Ridgefield combines a proven track record in M&A, private equity, and investment banking with the perspective of having owned, operated, and sold businesses as principals. The firm has offices in Denver, Seattle, Portland, and Nashville. Visit https://www.ridgefieldpartners.com/ for more information.
Michael Seeley
Richard Waryn
Original Source: Ridgefield Partners Announces Launch of Middle-Market M&A Advisory Practice
Previous Interest in Travel Agent Training Surpasses Pre-Pandemic Levels
Next Visited Releases List of Top 10 Most Popular Wine Regions
Visit Hungary Announces New Hotel Openings in Budapest for 2023
Start Here Podcast – August 5, 2022 | ABC News


text:
A Field Guide to the Birds of Mongolia
July 16, 2020 by Dragan 5 Comments
From its boreal forest to steppes which once trembled under the hooves of Genghis Khan's hordes, and from the Gobi Desert to the Altai Mountains, Mongolia is still wild, sparsely populated country where you may consider searching for Altai Snowcock, Demoiselle and White-naped Cranes, Pallas's Fish Eagle, Oriental Plover, Relict Gull, Pallas's Sandgrouse or the Henderson's Ground Jay.
A Field Guide to the Birds of Mongolia by Dorj Ganbold and Chris Smith (2019) offers more than 500 species in one neat edition. I say "more than" because I am not certain what number of species is covered: on page 8, 512 bird species are mentioned, while on the back cover that number rises to 521.
Dorj Ganbold is an ornithologist and professional illustrator. While at the National University of Mongolia, he conducted research on illustrating birds in the field, including at bird-ringing stations. He has served as a field ornithologist and expert on a number of research projects including Birds of the World and Migratory Birds of Prey.
After earning his Masters in wildlife conservation from Humboldt State University, Chris Smith spent four years travelling the globe doing bird field work on five continents. He has published numerous scientific papers on bird biology, and currently teaches for Round River Conservation Studies. Chris has spent several years conducting bird research in Mongolia, including with the Saker Falcon project.
Published by John Beaufoy Publishing, their field guide follows the user-friendly standard of illustrations on the right, and the range maps and descriptions on the left hand page. The species are illustrated in 154 plates, showing the local subspecies, plumage variation between sexes, seasons and age classes, as well as the upper side and underside of birds in flight. Common, scientific and Mongolian names are given for each species.
Many countries with underdeveloped birding scene cannot hope to ever see a bird guide in a local language (it would simply end up being too expensive) and I particularly respect the addition of the Mongolian names, making this edition useful for the locals who may be interested in their wildlife, but often do not speak English.
The introductory chapters include information on the geography and major habitats (illustrated with 12 colour photos).
Multi-colour range maps indicate the seasonal occurrence of each species. Rather large for a field guide, the maps have different shades, the stronger colour indicating the higher densities of birds (oh how I wish to see that in the Collins Bird Guide for Europe).
The text covers habitat, voice and the main identifying features, noticing differences between ages, sexes and subspecies, and focusing on separating species from similar ones. In general, for easier to ID species, textual descriptions are quite concise (around 150 words), but they do become longer when dealing with LBJs.
The illustrations are generally accurate and of high quality, include lots of birds in flight, and the plates are well organised. Another plus are the Peterson-style arrows pointing to the main ID features. I particularly like the large falcons and the two-page spread giving you a chance for easier comparisons.
Here treated as a subspecies Falco cherrug altaicus, the Altai Saker Falcon got a separate entry from the Falco cherrug. The text says: "Taxonomic position poorly studied, currently listed as a race of F. cherrug milvipes or hybrid between F. cherrug x F. rusticollis." Yet, my friend, a Hungarian Saker expert Matthias Prommer commented (pers. comm.): "I wish they skipped the Altai Saker Falcon part. There is no such thing, we have the DNA proof. It is just a colour variation, not even local. Our [still unpublished] DNA study confirms that Altai type is only a colour morph, as their DNA samples scatter evenly within the 'normal' saker DNA samples, they do not form separate group."
Other subspecies do not get a separate entry, but are depicted in the species main entry, together with a short textual description of the race.
There's an issue with spotted woodpeckers: the comparative sizes are wrong. The White-backed Woodpecker should be noticeably bigger than the Great Spotted, which is here depicted as the largest of the three, while the Lesser Spotted should be much smaller than both.
In some cases the colours are odd, e.g. on the plate depicting Long-eared and the Short-eared Owls: in flight they somehow become greenish. And at the opposite end of the spectrum, Yellow-browed Warbler lacks its greenish tone. The European Greenfinch, together with the Eurasian Siskin below it, looks weird, especially the bright shade of green depicted on birds in flight. Some plates are definitely off-colour and green was the troublesome colour. Still, I comment here on issues with 4 out of 154 plates. Such off-colour plates are the exception and not the rule, and I am happy with the rest of them.
From rather large multi-colour range maps to concise descriptions and accurate illustrations, John Beaufoy's Birds of Mongolia by Dorj Ganbold and Chris Smith will tell you where to look for Altai Snowcock and how to separate pallasi and lydiae races of the Pallas's Bunting, or stejnegeri and maurus races of the Siberian Stonechat, and I'd really love to test it in the field. Overall, this is one good field guide.
By Dorj Ganbold and Chris Smith
• 210 x 148 mm (8¼ x 6") • 304 pages • c.154 full colour plates, 521 distribution maps
• ISBN 978-1-912081-04-2 • £29.99 paperback • Publication October 2019
book review books field guide field guides Mongolia
Written by Dragan
Dragan Simic is obsessively passionate about two things – birding and travelling in search of birds, and that has taken him from his native Balkans to the far shores of Europe and the Mediterranean, southern Africa, India and Latin America. His 10,000 Birds blog posts were Highly Commended in the International Category of the 2015 BBC Wildlife Blogger Awards. Birder by passion and environmental scientist by education, he is an ecotourism consultant, a field researcher and a bird blogger who always thinks that birding must be better behind that next bend in the road, and that the best bird ever is – the next lifer. He tweets as @albicilla66
Two James Spirits: Doctor Bird Jamaica Rum
Beautiful birdJam
Animals of Kruger National Park: A Book Review
Marko Horstmann July 17, 2020 at 2:33 am
Sounds like a good birding destination, especially because it is close to Serbia and the travel wouldn't be too expensive.
I looked through some Mongolian species on eBird and there are quite a few exotic looking ones. Thanks for sharing!
Pozdrav iz Novog Sada! 🙂
Dragan July 17, 2020 at 2:42 am
Yep, you can always catch a ride on the trans-Siberian railway.
But most readers are from the USA, which is much closer. E.g. Serbia to Mongolia 8000 km / 5000 mi, but Mongolia to Alaska is only 5000 km / 3000 mi.
That's true! But I think flights to Mongolia aren't too expensive because it usually isn't a popular tourist location. Although, I might be mistaken.
Johanna Knight July 30, 2022 at 7:12 am
Is this book available in Mongolia? Where can it be found? I would like to pick up one on Monday.
I don't know, it might be, check with the John Beaufoy Publishing.
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