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Nov. 30, 2009 / 12:50 AM
NHL: Phoenix 3, Anaheim 2 (OT)
ANAHEIM, Calif., Nov. 30 (UPI) -- James Vandermeer's second goal of the game Sunday, a shot from the point with 3:42 remaining in overtime, gave Phoenix a 3-2 victory over the Anaheim Ducks.
Robert Lang assisted on both of Vandermeer's goals in the Coyotes' second straight win.
Anaheim's Ryan Getzlaf opened the scoring with a wrist shot in the second period.
Vandermeer tied it, also with a wrist shot, and Matthew Lombardi scored to put Phoenix ahead in the third.
Bobby Ryan tipped in a shot to tie it for the Ducks with 1:54 left, setting up the extra session.
Winning goalie Ilya Bryzgalov turned away 26 shots. Jean-Sebastien Giguere was credited with 23 saves for Anaheim, which had won its previous three contests.
Robert Lang
Ryan Getzlaf

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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MSS. Lat. th. (Latin theology)[remove]32
You searched for: Collection MSS. Lat. th. (Latin theology) Remove constraint Collection: MSS. Lat. th. (Latin theology) Digital facsimile online No Remove constraint Digital facsimile online: No Origin Italy Remove constraint Origin: Italy Type manuscript Remove constraint Type: manuscript
MS. Lat. th. a. 1
Passional — 12th century; Italian
Gospel — 12th century (?); Italian (?)
MS. Lat. th. b. 2
Guardbook of fragments.
Guardbook of fragments
Bible — 13th century; Italian
John of Freiburg — 13th century - 14th century; Italian
MS. Lat. th. c. 15
Bartholomeo de Pisa, etc. — 1465; Italian, Rimini (?)
Magister Humbertus — 14th century, second half; Italian
Gregory the Great — 12th century; Italian, Padua (?)
Haimo of Halberstadt — 12th century - early 13th century; Italian
MS. Lat. th. d. 3
Commentary on the Pentateuch — 8th century - 9th century; Italian, North
Juvencus, Cyprian — 15th century; Italian
Hugh of Fleury — c. 1300; Italian, North
MS. Lat. th. d. 10
Register of the Papal Court of Appeals — c. 1370-1376; Italian
Lactantius, etc. — c. 1430-1440; Italian, Florence
Franciscan documents. Italian, c. 1400.
Disputatio inter Catholicum et Patarinum, Sermons and sermon notes — 13th century, late - 14th century, early; Italian
Exposition on Gospels for the year — 13th century, late - 14th century, early; Italian
Zeno of Verona, Hilary of Poitiers, Basil the Great, etc. Italian, mid-15th century
Bede — 12th century, late - 13th century, early; Italian
Commentary on the Psalms — 12th century, late or 13th century, early; Italian
Theological Summa in two parts: treatises on Angels and Virtues — 13th century; Italian
Innocent III — 13th century, end; Italian
Bernard of Clairvaux, Ps.-Bernard — 12th century, late - 13th century, early; Italian, Morimondo (?)


Home Forum Desktop Products (Suite, Presenter, QuizMaker, Converter Pro, etc.) General Discussion Pre-assessment Quiz?
Posted: Wed May 06, 2015 11:22 pm Post subject: Pre-assessment Quiz?
Ok, I'm new here but I have an interesting problem.
I am creating SCORM learning courses for use in an LMS....I've got most everything figured out except I want to give the users the opportunity to be able to take a pre-assessment at the beginning of the course. With branching I can send the user to the course content slides upon earning a failing score, which works fine. The same quiz is offered at the end of the content slides.
The issue is scoring the quiz. I want to use the pre-assessment score as the % for the entire course IF they pass. If they fail, I want to ignore the pre-assessment score completely and use the score from the final quiz to determine pass/fail.
As far as I can tell, I can tell iSpring to either ignore a quiz, or give it a different weight...but NOT choose one or the other as the course final score.
Posted: Fri Oct 30, 2015 9:06 pm Post subject: Re: Pre-assessment Quiz?
I would also like an answer to this question. How would one go about creating a "test out of the content" option that only allows 1 single attempt but have a post-test at the end that allowed an unlimited number of attempts.
If the student passes the first test they should be marked complete and allow the course to close.
If the student doesnt pass then they should have to review the slides and then take a post-test to get marked complete.
The tests are the same questions.
Posted: Mon Nov 02, 2015 3:15 pm Post subject: Re: Pre-assessment Quiz?
Hope this can be on use!


The Wall Street Journal has an article about airline seats shrinking over time. It's packed with measurements which scream "math project" to me.
Find the width of school chairs and compare to airline seats.
Build a scale model of coach and first class seats.
What kind of a project would you build around this data? Remember to think about conflict in math. Let us know what grade/subject you're teaching.


Because of the inevitability of the eventual decline of all products and services, businesses seek to reduce their exposure to the risk of a product decline by maintaining a portfolio of products. A balanced portfolio will contain products at various stages of the product life cycle. Large organisations involved in several markets, will seek to minimise the risks found in individual industries by holding investments in a range of industries. There are various tools and techniques for analysing a product or Business Unit investment, portfolio. The most widely used of these is the Boston Consulting Group Matrix, often referred to either as the Boston Box or the BCG Matrix. This framework allows the product portfolio to be identified in terms of market share and market growth. Products/ services are placed in the matrix and identified as question marks, stars, cash cows and dogs.


Is THIS a Home Run Investment for Amazon?
Former Yankee owner George Steinbrenner once said that owning the New York Yankees is like owning the Mona Lisa.
Yet the network covering this priceless baseball team, the YES Network, is about to go for a steal, according to Bloomberg.
You've heard the term 'content is king', yeah?
Well today, that's truer than ever. And it's because of how much more spare time we all have.
While most of us still work nine to five, others work five to nine, devices like smartphones fill up all the spaces in between.
In the car, on the train, on your lunchtime walk or just before bed. There are some of us who want constant stimulation. And companies like Netflix and Disney are too happy to oblige.
It's why they've gone on a content spending spree. Buying up as much as they can and developing their own.
The only reason the YES Network is up for sale is because Disney needs to cut the fat. They're in the process of a US$85 billion merger with 21st Century Fox. And regulators won't let Disney keep the lot.
Too bad. It was Disney's most valuable regional sports channel. And now it might go for pittance.
The Yankees themselves, backed by Amazon and Michael Dell's family office, intend to pay 7.4- to 9-times earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) for the network.
According to Bloomberg, 'that's low'.
Yet we know plenty of stocks trading at similar multiples that would completely fail the cheap test. Aussie stock, Graincorp Ltd [ASX:GNC] is one.
They trade at about 7.9-times EBITDA. They also have a PE of 30. Invert this, and that's a messily 3.3% return on your money, assuming no growth.
Still want to tell me 7-to-9-times EBITDA is cheap? How about 1-times EBITDA? Surely that's better?
'The potential acquisition reportedly values the YES Network at $3.5 billion,' the outlet writes.
Yet I would argue that it's about time things cooled off. Bond prices, stock prices, house prices and even private market tractions (mergers and alike) have all exceeded their normalised values.
And it's all because of the banks.
What do you think happens when central banks say they're going to stimulate the economy? It means they're going to pump more money into the system. Initially, this will be indirectly through commercial banks.
Central bankers might lower reserve ratios. Or they might beef up actual reserves for these commercial lenders to pump more money into the system.
Keeping interest rates low just means that the quantity of money that's about to flood the economy will be taken up with gusto.
This is how you get companies paying ridiculous prices for other businesses. Debt financing is cheap. The cost of raising funds goes down. So now, management can justify spending 15-times EBITDA to expand operations.
Yet few stop to think what higher interest rates will do to their barely profitable purchase. But what does management care? They're on a contract, they get their stock options. Why not try to pump up the stock while they can?
'ASX-Listed crowdsourced data company, Appen (ASX:APX) has just announced its intention to purchase Figure Eight for its "Leading Tech Platform." Appen will pay US$175 million upfront, which is circa 5.7 times 2018 revenue. It will also pay up to another US$125 million in March 2020 on outperformance of incremental 2019 subscription revenue targets.
'…Side note: Appen's acquisition is being made within the context of a booming market for technology companies. A veritable tidal wave of 'unicorns' — tech start-ups worth more than a billion dollars — are preparing to go public this year. Companies including ride sharing competitors Lyft and Uber are expected to list as is Postmates, Pinterest, AirBnB, Peleton, Zoom and Slack.
The other option for central bankers is more direct. They can enter markets themselves, usually fixed income, and start buying or selling.
Buying bonds pumps more money into the system, selling takes more cash out. The idea is to transfer cash to and from bond holders, who will hopefully spend or save. But of course, the outcome is never what was intended.
Now, we see central bankers all over the world pause in their move towards monetary tightening (higher interest rates). Here in Oz, the 10-year bond yield recently fell below 2%.
That means there were more buyers of Aussie 10-year bonds than sellers, thus making the yield (return) fall.
What does this mean? Maybe that investors believe the next move for Aussie interest rates is down.
The Reserve Bank of Australia might even do some bond purchases of their own. And if that happens, then the bond buyers now could see their holdings rise.
Yet you only need to look to Japan, dear reader, to see how effective such a strategy is.
'As global economic growth wanes, Europe doles out a fresh round of easing and the U.S., Canada, Britain and Australia put rate hikes on hold, economists are asking what more can be done with scant room to lower borrowing costs and already swollen balance sheets,' Bloomberg writes.
If the result is persistent low rates globally, then maybe the YES Network purchase will work out for the Yankees, Amazon and the Dell family office.
It will just be no fun for stocks. We're already flying high.
Where can we go next?
PS: Don't buy a single lithium stock until you've read this free report. Download our free guide to learn more.
Harje Ronngard is the lead Editor at Money Morning. He's also the Editor of Wealth Eruption and co-Editor of the Third Wave Portfolio.
The aim of both Wealth Eruption and the Third Wave Portfolio is to find misunderstood opportunities. These are the type of investments that multiply small amounts of money five- to 10-times in size.
Harje has an academic background in investments and valuation. He's had experience across a range of asset classes, from futures to equities.
For any investment, Harje believes you only need to ask two questions. What is it worth? And how much does it cost? These two questions alone open up a world of opportunities, which Harje shares with Money Morning readers five days a week.


150 cut square head nails never used but nice antique looking rusty patina.
These are 2 inches long. Some are rustier than other some are clean.
No matter how many you buy the shipping is the same as 1 item purchased $7. I have other nails for sale so they can be combined as well any amount same price $7.
View my other auctions to save on shipping and see similar Items! Lots of great Pieces up for bid or buy it now.


Brian Smart is a Director of PetroMall Ltd and an Honorary Professor, Tomsk Polytechnic University Formerly Head of the Institute of Petroleum Engineering and a Vice-Principal at Heriot-Watt University, he is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, the Royal Society of Edinburgh and the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining. His technical interest is in Rock Mechanics.
....done on time, on budget, as promised!
.......will independence of supply just be a mirage?
....to be avoided or too good to turn down?
....it's not as easy as explorers think!


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New Employee Experience
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NON-TITLE IX DISCRIMINATION, HARASSMENT OR RETALIATION INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURE[1]
Complaints alleging (i) discrimination or harassment based on race, color, religion, national origin/ethnicity, sex (including sexual harassment, sexual orientation, gender identity, and pregnancy), age, genetic information, protected veteran status, or disability or (ii) retaliation for protected activity should be submitted to the Investigations & Hiring unit of Equity & Civil Rights Compliance. Complaints may be submitted by completing and submitting an incident report via our intake form. Employees and students also may email the unit at equalopportunity@gsu.edu or call the unit at 404-413-2561, and they will be directed to the intake form.
Completed incident reports are reviewed by the Director of Investigations & Hiring. Incident reports that do not concern protected category discrimination, harassment, or retaliation are referred to the appropriate unit. Incident reports concerning discrimination, harassment, or retaliation are assigned to an investigator, who conducts an intake interview with the complainant. The investigator may also request relevant documents. If, after intake, the investigator believes that the complainant has failed to state an actionable claim (i.e., even if all events occurred as alleged, the conduct in question does not constitute discrimination, harassment, or retaliation), the investigator will consult with the Director. If the Director agrees that the complainant has failed to state a claim, the matter will be dismissed, and the complainant will receive a memorandum explaining the reason for dismissal. Otherwise, the investigator proceeds with the investigation by sending the respondent a Notice of Allegation of Discrimination (NOAD) setting forth the specific allegations, the policies implicated, and the parties' rights. The respondent's supervisor is copied on the NOAD. The respondent has five business days from receipt of the NOAD to schedule an interview with the investigator. Respondents may, but are not required, to submit a written response. The NOAD may be revised and reissued at any time during the investigation if additional policies are implicated.
The investigator interviews witnesses referred by the parties and collects and reviews any relevant documentary evidence. This process may involve multiple interviews with the parties. Parties and witnesses will be asked to review summaries of their interviews for accuracy shortly after those interviews have occurred. At the conclusion of the investigation, the investigator issues a draft investigative summary to the parties. The parties have five business days to review and respond to the draft. They also may review the relevant evidence. A non-response to the draft report is considered acceptance of its contents. The final report is then issued to the parties, the respondent's supervisor, and other administrators as appropriate.
If there was no finding of a policy violation, the matter is dismissed and closed. If the respondent was found responsible for a policy violation, the matter is referred to Employee Relations (staff respondent) or the Office of Faculty Affairs (faculty respondent) for appropriate sanctions and/or remedial action, in consultation with the Office of Legal Affairs, as appropriate. Matters may be referred for remedial action even if no violation was found. If the Director concludes at any point that informal resolution may be more effective or appropriate, the parties will be notified.
[1] If it is determined during initial review of a complaint that the allegations fall under Title IX, both parties will be notified.
For more information, call (404)413-2561 or email equalopportunity@gsu.edu
Below are the main questions and steps to filing a complaint.
AA/EEO Investigation and Hiring
What Is A Complaint?
The AA/EEO Investigations & Hiring Office considers a complaint to be an allegation (charge of wrong doing) involving discrimination, hostile work environment, sexual harassment or retaliation that is filed by an employee, student, applicant, vendor, contractor and/or a group thereof relative to employment or admission involving race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age, sexual orientation, veteran status or disability. The complaint may arise from a specific personnel action, such as employment, promotion, work assignment, selection for training, disciplinary action, or separation, or it may relate to existing work conditions in an organization.
Where Do I Go If I Have A Complaint?
STAFF, FACULTY, VENDORS, CONTRACTORS AND APPLICANTS
A: Staff, faculty, applicants and vendors should file their complaints with the AA/EEO Investigations & Hiring Office.
A: Students who have a complaint against Georgia State staff, faculty, vendors, visitors or contractors should file their complaint with the AA/EEO Investigations & Hiring Office.
A: Students who have a complaint against another student should file their complaint with the Georgia State Dean of Students Office.
The AA/EEO Investigations & Hiring Office is in the 1 Park Place Building in Suite 527. Complainants can call the AA/EEO Office at (404) 413-2561 for immediate consultation and assistance. Information about the Georgia State University Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action Policy. To request the AA/EEO Investigations & Hiring Formal Complaint Form please contact: equalopportunity@gsu.edu
The Dean of Students Office (DSO) is located in the Georgia State Student Center in Suite 300. For more information about the Dean of Students Office, call at (404) 413-1515.
How Long Will I Have To Complete And Turn In My Complaint Form?
Complainants have 10 days to complete and turn in their complaint form.
What Happens During The Complaint Process?
Every complaint is unique.The following is a typical example of the steps of a complaint in progress:
AA/EEO Investigations & Hiring receives notification of the complaint(s) via walk-in, email, referral or by telephone.
AA/EEO completes an intake form with the complainant(s). During the intake process, AA/EEO determines the appropriate office(s) (For example, Employee Relations, Ombudsperson, Dean of Students, Georgia State Police, Faculty and Staff Assistance, etc.) to address the concerns. In some situations, more than one office may need to address the Complainant's allegations simultaneously.
If appropriate, AA/EEO will start a formal review or investigation by requesting the respondent(s) answer the allegation(s) made by the complainant(s). AA/EEO will initiate the fact-finding process by compiling documentation from relevant sources as necessary.
AA/EEO will analyze the facts and issue a finding to all parties involved.
NOTE: Each investigation is conducted on a case-by-case basis. Additional steps during an investigation may occur because of the complexities associated with each set of facts.
How Long Does The Complaint Process Take?
In general, AA/EEO Investigation & Hiring's goal is to process a complaint from intake through completion within 60 days.
Can I Be Retaliated Against For Filing A Complaint?
Retaliation against the complainant(s) is prohibited by university policy and federal/state laws. However, retaliation may still occur. If the complainant(s) believe they are being or have been retaliated against for filing a complaint, participation in a complaint or opposition of discrimination, they have the right to file a new and separate complaint alleging retaliation based on the participation in protected activity or opposition of discrimination. Examples of protected activity include filing a claim of discrimination, participating as a witness in a discrimination investigation or refusing to obey an order reasonably believed to be discriminatory.
How Will I Know When The Complaint Process Is Over?
The complaint process concludes when AA/EEO Investigations & Hiring distributes a finding which consists of a Final Investigative Summary and Determination Letters. The complainant(s) and the respondent(s) receive Determination Letters indicating whether there was a violation of university policies. If there is a finding of a policy violation, the respondent is directed to contact Human Resources for next steps. If no violation is found, the matter is closed.
When The Complaint Is Over, What Documents Can I Have A Copy Of?
Once the complaint process is over, documents associated with the complaint are accessible via the State of Georgia's Open Records Act. For more information on how to obtain copies of these documents, contact the Georgia State Office of Legal Affairs at 100 Auburn Avenue, NE Suite 315. Phone : (404) 413-0500.
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Description: While traveling inside your soul, suddenly you discover yourself sitting on Creator's knees, feeling your supernatural power, the soul's immortality in an afterlife superior in every respect to the here and now.
Another description: You must have seen those flashy colorful dreams when you just can not find any words to describe them. At the same time deep in heart you know exactly what they are about.
or rename it to Op_Art_00.exe and run without installation.


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Home Top List Apps 10 Best Apps To Enhance Music Experience on iPhone
10 Best Apps To Enhance Music Experience on iPhone
Best music apps for iPhone!
Karanpreet Singh
Music is something without which our world could feel very dull. Almost everyone in this world loves music, and it's something that can't be ignored. Music adds sense to the world that could have been boring without it.
If we talk about the iPhone, the smart device does have a built-in music player. However, if you are looking for ways to enhance the music experience on your iPhone, you need to start using third-party apps.
Also Read: How to Hide IP Address From Trackers & Websites On iPhone
List of 10 Best Apps To Enhance Music Experience on iPhone
1. FL Studio Mobile HD
3. SoundCloud – Music & Audio
4. Caustic
5. Gaana
6. Anghami – Free Unlimited Music
7. Equalizer +
8. Spotify
9. Boom
10. Ecoute
Hence, this article will list down some of the best music player apps for iOS that will provide you superior music experience. So, let's check out the best music apps for iPhone.
It is one of the best and popular apps you will surely love to have on your iPhone. FL Studio Mobile HD allows you to create and save complete multi-track music projects on your iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch.
You can even load the FL Studio Mobile projects into the FL Studio Desktop PC version and take them to the next level.
Musixmatch is the world's most extensive lyrics catalog, which lets you enjoy diverse music with synced lyrics. Out of 155 countries, it was selected for the Editor's Choice on the App Store and was also chosen as an App Of The Year in 2013.
You can use this app to listen to music or read lyrics. You can even join the Musixmatch community to have even more fun.
If you are looking for an iOS app from where you can discover, stream, and share a constantly expanding mix of music, then SoundCloud might be the best pick for you.
Guess what? SoundCloud has over 120 million tracks from new and established artists. You can even purchase the Soundcloud GO+ to avail more features like offline playback, exclusive music, etc.
This is another music creation tool for iPhone that is also packed with intense features that you can use to make beats, music, etc. Unfortunately, this paid app does have a free trial pack in which the feature to export your creations is disabled.
And this is a music creation tool inspired by rack-mount synthesizer/sampler rigs. Everything is real-time and optimized for mobile devices.
If you live in India and are looking for a free app to listen to unlimited songs, then Gaana might be the best pick. It's one of the popular music apps in India from where you can listen to Hindi songs, Bollywood music, regional music, and more.
The app lets you access over 45 million MP3 songs. Moreover, you can watch all those songs for free in High-quality.
Anghami is the best way to Play & discover free music you love, right on your iPhone and iPad! The app gives you the most extensive music catalog, with millions of Arabic and international songs.
You can even create your personalized music library on Anghami. Apart from that, it also got a Live radio option that lets you explore Radios for all moods.
Equalizer+ is the new standard when it comes to the audio player! A must-have to listen to your music. With this app, you can boost and improve your sound quality and volume level.
Equalizer + is both a music track player and a frequency equalizer. Access your music library directly from the app. Set the frequencies you like for your songs and save them.
Spotify is the best way to listen to music on mobile or tablet. You can search for any track, album, artist and listen to them for free. Spotify is right now the leading music streaming service out there.
However, the accessible version of Spotify shows lots of ads that might irritate lots of users. For better sound quality, it's best to use Spotify Premium.
Well, Boom is a music equalizer app for iPhone which will give you the best music listening experience. Guess what? You can fully control your music with the help of a Boom music player.
With the app, you will get a full-featured Equalizer which you can use to give your favorite music a new life.
Ecoute is an all-in-one music player app for your iPhone. The app comes with a clean and elegant interface, and it also allows users to control music via gestures. In addition, Ecoute features almost every feature that needed to be the best music player app.
You can even manage the now playing queue and add more songs to it. It also comes with two interfaces – Bright and Night.
So, these are the best iOS apps to enhance the music experience on iPhone. I hope this article helped you! Please share it with your friends also. Also, if you know of any other such apps, let us know in the comment box below.
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Qaborone (ing. Gaborone) — Botsvana Respublikasının ən böyük şəhəri, paytaxtı, ölkənin sənaye-ticarət və mədəniyyət mərkəzi.
↑ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Gaborone, Botswana". Weatherbase. http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=44286&refer=&units=metric. İstifadə tarixi: 2012-06-24.
↑ "Burbank's Sister Cities". Burbank Sister City Organization. http://www.burbanksistercity.org/burbank_sister_cities.html. İstifadə tarixi: 2010-07-22.
↑ Mooketsi, Lekopanye (2009-04-01). "Chinese firms to build massive industrial park". Mmegi. http://mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=10&dir=2009/April/Wednesday1. İstifadə tarixi: 2010-08-03. "The last event was the signing ceremony for a twinning arrangement between Zhejiang Province and the Gaborone City Council."
↑ "Gaborone, Vasteras city councils twin". Gaborone: Daily News. 2011-10-27. Arxivləşdirilib:  saytından 2012-06-23 tarixində. http://www.webcitation.org/68dnphB7L. İstifadə tarixi: 2012-06-23.


It's pumpkin's season to shine, and why not? Full of nutrients, fiber and beta-carotene, it's always a winner in the kitchen.
But sometimes it needs a little help.
Create an appetizing antipasto-for-dinner plate using goodies from the fridge, and "special" snacks from the pantry.
Sometimes you get tired of figuring out what's for dinner. Sometimes it's just too dang hot to cook (or even think about cooking). Sometimes you aren't up to preparing a meal, but don't want to drag yourself out to a restaurant (or even to the phone to order in).


text:
About AMH
Article Processing
Saturday, 24 December 2022 11:27
Cytomegalovirus infection among women with previous history of abortion in Dhamar City, Yemen: A retrospective study
Written by webmaster2
Original Research:
Amat Al-Khaleq O. Mehrass, Mohammed Y. Akabat, Fathia M. Alazzi, Waleed E. Mohammed, Mohammed A. Al-Manari, Mahyoub H. Dows, Ali M. Al-Otair, Mokhtar A. Hizam, Amar M. Al-Magribi, Salah K. Dabwan
Background: CMV is an enveloped DNA virus from the Herpesviridae family. It is the most common cause of congenital infection. CMV is more widespread in developing countries and communities with lower socioeconomic status.
Aim: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of CMV infection among women with a history of previous abortion and to detect the relationship between CMV infection and abortion in women.
Methods: The study was a retrospective study by getting required data from patient files (299 cases) of pregnant and non-pregnant women during the period from December (2017) to January (2019), in age groups (15 – 45) years attending health centers and hospitals in Dhamar City, Republic of Yemen.
Results: The incidence of cytomegalovirus infection among women with previous history of abortion increased by 99.3 % of IgG and 3.7 % of IgM antibodies in the total study cases (299 cases). There was no statistical significance detected between IgG and IgM and abortion (P value > 0.05).
Conclusion: The seroprevalence of CMV antibodies among women with previous history of abortion in Dhamar city is a high rate of CMV IgG and a low rate of CMV IgM. It may be the main factor causing abortion and the possibility that women were positive for CMV (IgM) antibodies at the time of pregnancy.
Keywords: Cytomegalovirus infection, Abortion, Dhamar, Yemen.
Amat Al-Khaleq O. Mehrass1*, Mohammed Y. Akabat1, Fathia M. Alazzi2, Waleed E. Mohammed3, Mohammed A. Al-Manari1, Mahyoub H. Dows1, Ali M. Al-Otair1, Mokhtar A. Hizam1, Amar M. Al-Magribi1, Salah K. Dabwan1
1Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
2Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
3Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
*For Correspondence:
Amat Al-Khaleq O. Mehrass
Faculty of Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
Tavares MV, Domingues AP, Tavares M, Malheiro E, Tavares F, Moura P. Citomegalovírus. There is a place to trace during pregnancy? Acta Med Port. 2011;24(S4):1003–8.
Kost BP, Mylonas I, Kästner R, Rack B, Gingelmaier A, Friese K. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy: a case report of fetal death in a CMV-infected woman. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics. 2007 Sep;27:6(3):265-8.
Nahum A, Dadi H, Bates A, Roifman CM. The biological significance of TLR3 variant, L412F, in conferring susceptibility to cutaneous candidiasis, CMV and autoimmunity. Autoimmunity reviews. 2012 Mar 1;11(5):341
Aljumaili ZK, Alsamarai AM, Najem WS. Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in women with bad obstetric history in Kirkuk, Iraq. Journal of infection and public health. 2014 Jul 1;7(4):277-88.
Cannon MJ, Schmid DS, Hyde TB. Review of cytomegalovirus seroprevalence and demographic characteristics associated with infection. Reviews in medical virology. 2010 Jul;20(4):202-13.
Wang C, Zhang X, Bialek S, Cannon MJ. Attribution of congenital cytomegalovirus infection to primary versus non-primary maternal infection. Clinical infectious diseases. 2011 Jan 15;52(2):e11-3.
Alford CA, Stagno S, Pass RF, Britt WJ. Congenital and perinatal cytomegalovirus infections. Reviews of infectious diseases. 1990 Sep 1;12(Supplement_7):S745-53.
Manicklal S, Emery VC, Lazzarotto T, Boppana SB, Gupta RK. The "silent" global burden of congenital cytomegalovirus. Clinical microbiology reviews. 2013 Jan;26(1):86-102.
Guerra B, Simonazzi G, Banfi A, Lazzarotto T, Farina A, Lanari M, Rizzo N. Impact of diagnostic and confirmatory tests and prenatal counseling on the rate of pregnancy termination among women with positive cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin M antibody titers. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. 2007 Mar 1;196(3):221-e1.
Ghazi HO, Telmesani AM, Mahomed MF. TORCH agents in pregnant Saudi women. Medical Principles and Practice. 2002;11(4):180-2.
Abu-Madi MA, Behnke JM, Dabritz HA. Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and co-infection with TORCH pathogens in high-risk patients from Qatar. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 2010 Apr;82(4):626.
AlKhawaja S, Ismaeel A, Botta G, Senok AC. The prevalence of congenital and perinatal cytomegalovirus infections among newborns of seropositive mothers. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. 2012;6(05):410-5.
AL-Jurani AH. Seroprevalence of anti-cytomegalovirus IgM, IgG antibodies among pregnant women in Diyala province. DJPS. 2014;10(2 -part 2):116-22.
Kamel N, Metwally L, Gomaa N, Ahmed WS, Lotfi M, Younis S. Primary cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant Egyptian women confirmed by cytomegalovirus IgG avidity testing. Medical Principles and Practice. 2014;23(1):29-33.
Khairi SI, Intisar KS, Enan KH, Ishag MY, Baraa AM, Ali YH. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection among pregnant women at Omdurman Maternity Hospital, Sudan. Journal of Medical Laboratory and Diagnosis. 2013 Oct 30;4(4):45-9.
Hannachi N, Marzouk M, Harrabi I, Ferjani A, Ksouri Z, Ghannem H, Khairi H, Hidar S, Boukadida J. Seroprevalence of rubella virus, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus and parvovirus B19 among pregnant women in the Sousse region, Tunisia. Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique (1990). 2011 Jan 17;104(1):62-7.
Ocak S, Zeteroglu S, Ozer C, Dolapcioglu K, Gungoren A. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, rubella and cytomegalovirus among pregnant women in southern Turkey. Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. 2007 Jan 1;39(3):231-4.
Josheghani SB, Moniri R, Taheri FB, Sadat S, Heidarzadeh Z. The prevalence of serum antibodies in TORCH infections during the first trimester of pregnancy in Kashan, Iran. Iranian Journal of Neonatology. 2015 Jan 1;6(1):8-12.
Yeroh MI, Aminu M, Musa BO. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection amongst pregnant women in Kaduna state, Nigeria. African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology. 2015;16(1):37-44.
Zenebe MH, Mekonnen Z, Loha E, Padalko E. Seroprevalence and associated factors of maternal cytomegalovirus in Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open. 2021 Oct 1;11(10):e051390.
Edrees A. Prevalence Cytomegalovirus antibodies among pregnant women and newborns in the hospital president in Jebla, Ibb Yemen (Doctoral dissertation, M. Sc. Thesis, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sana'a University, Yemen) 2010.
Hamdan HZ, Abdelbagi IE, Nasser NM, Adam I. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus and rubella among pregnant women in western Sudan. Virology journal. 2011; Dec;8(1):1-4.
N'diaye DS, Yazdanpanah Y, Krivine A, Andrieu T, Rozenberg F, Picone O, Tsatsaris V, Goffinet F, Launay O. Predictive factors of cytomegalovirus seropositivity among pregnant women in Paris, France. PLoS One. 2014 Feb 24;9(2):e89857.
Germany Neirukh T, Qaisi A, Saleh N, Rmaileh AA, Zahriyeh EA, et al. Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among pregnant women and hospitalized children in Palestine. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13: 528.
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LIMMUD FSU Recharge Presenters 2022 / Ian Williams
Ian Williams Author, World Affairs Commentator and President of the Foreign Press Association
President of the Foreign Press Association of the USA, author, writer and broadcaster Ian Williams was born in Liverpool, and graduated from its University, despite several years' suspension for protests against its investments in South Africa. Consequently, he had a variegated career path, which included a drinking competition with Chinese Premier Chou En Lai and an argument on English Literature with Chiang Ching, aka Mme Mao. As a consequence of the University suspension he worked on the buses and railways before becoming a union official. He became a professional writer after spending six months in India on a Nuffield fellowship to study labor unions in the subcontinent.
In 1985 he won the Liverpool Press Club award for "By-line mania" when he wrote the centerfold for the Baptist Times, since then has proved how much he deserved it by writing for Penthouse and Hustler. He has also been a regular contributor to newspapers across the world. He was twice President and twice Vice President of the United Nations Correspondents Association where he drank whisky with Lavrov in the Delegate's Lounge. He speaks on international affairs and American foreign policy at venues across the world, and has appeared on RT, Iran's Press TV, CNN, the BBC and even Fox News critiquing politicians of al hues.
Diplomatic Dialectic. The UN, US and Russia, Can the institution recover?
For 80 years the United Nations has bounced between expressions of high principle, and pragmatic, sometimes sordid and always elastic principles. For example the veto was the price to keep Washington and Moscow in. But the invasion of Ukraine stretches UN principles to breaking point as all sides wallow in hypocrisy. Yet the UN is possibly the only way out.
I do Limmud because this is the only place that allows Jews of all streams, all views, all denominations to learn, pray, dance, shout and have fun together enriching us all. I am proud to be a part of a diverse, young group of people building Jewish life wherever they go.


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Chief Abbott has been a member of Fight Crime: Invest in Kids since 2009, and has been a key voice for the importance of education to crime prevention. He testified before the New Jersey Senate and helped release a research report on the importance of expanding New Jersey's high-quality preschool program.
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While summer winds to an end, there is still at least one community garage sale in Stittsville residents may want to check out!
Amberwood Village will be holding a neighbourhood garage sale on Grand Cedar and Innebrook Courts on Saturday, October 14 from 8:00 AM – 1:00 PM. Stop by for any last minute nick-knacks before the holiday season!


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Why We Need Greta Thunberg's Climate Change Rhetoric
Greta Thunberg speaks to EU Parliament. / Frederick Florin (AFP via Getty Images)
You've heard it before: dramatic action is needed to slow the effects of climate change; carbon dioxide emissions are still rising; how can we expect our children to fix the damage we've done? Each year, on Earth Day, many social media posts demand that we treat every day like Earth Day (and I have been no exception.) The only issue that arises with messaging like this that invokes a sense of urgency concerns when it is not met with action. As a result of this passive awareness, we find ourselves in a kind of purgatory: we feel punished for our inaction, yet we don't think we can do anymore to help a planet beyond repair.
Until recently, I couldn't understand why social media activism, the main propagator of this simultaneous panic and surrender, mildly disturbed me, especially when addressing climate change. It can't be bad that people are spreading awareness, right? Wrong. The reasons for my mixed feelings emerged when a video began to circulate online showing the impact of plastic straw pollution through the removal of one lodged in a sea turtle's bleeding nostril. Watching as 'save the sea turtles' become a superficial mantra used almost sarcastically by some of my peers and online, I realized that my reservations are rooted in social media's replacement for initiatives that would cause a lasting impact both personally and environmentally. Instead of collecting plastic ourselves or donating to organizations that would concretely take action to reduce plastic waste in oceans, we are simply passing along the responsibility to other users. While our intentions are good, our sharing through social media is grossly impersonal and yields results that not only fail to address the big picture issue at stake, but also create a false sense of accomplishment amongst users who repost. I am not seeking to simply criticize the well-meaning individuals who do partake in this form of activism, as I have participated in it myself, but rather to invite reflection on the inefficiency of this means of expressing our attitudes toward injustices.
As an important example, recently, in a viral video, the PG-13 popular science television host Bill Nye, with a rare use of curse words, demanded that adults "grow the [expletive] up." Standing next to a globe set aflame, he fumed, "I didn't mind explaining photosynthesis to you when you were twelve, but you're adults now and this is an actual crisis." To me, the virality of this video, spreading notably with the 24-hour Instagram feature 'stories' (ironically among youth mostly, not adults), represents the epitome of the purgatory. The video very effectively sparked fear, especially with its vulgarity, but it didn't bring any new incentive to take action.
Enter: Greta Thunberg. This Nobel Peace Prize-nominated sixteen-year-old climate change activist, like Bill Nye, heightens our anxiety over the future of our planet. And she is direct about it; one speech at the EU Parliament in Strasbourg opened with "I want you to panic." Furthermore, she compares the Earth to a "house on fire," a remarkably similar image to Bill Nye's ignition of the globe. However, the crucial difference between her and other viral environmental figures lies her ability to initiate a response through her rhetoric and her own actions. A skilled orator, Thunberg brings a surprisingly fresh perspective to an issue we thought had already been argued from every possible angle. She does not shy away from addressing politicians who believe panic is futile or from comparing the speed at which the wealthy poured donations to rebuild Notre Dame with their wavering commitment to the more pressing environmental issue. And she delivers her speeches to audiences who matter: the United Nations, the World Economic Forum, the EU parliament as well as to us common folk through TED talks and spontaneous social media posts.
As a result of her blunt and symbol-laden oration, Greta Thunberg continues to inspire climate strikes around the world, led mainly by youth who miss school on "Fridays for Future" to protest in up to 1,600 cities. She also leads by example; Thunberg is in her element when protesting in her home country in front of Swedish parliament, where she has initiated strikes since the age of 15. In Canada, students protest monthly in front of provincial government buildings, such as Queen's Park in Toronto. In conjunction with Thunberg's confrontation of diplomats and politicians, her strikes have led to a series of responses coined as 'The Greta Thunberg Effect.' For example, in European elections in May, climate change played a more important role, described in article from The Telegraph as, "The message [was] clear: the Greens [had] arrived." In February, EU chief Jean-Claude Juncker pledged to allocate billions toward fighting climate change.
Above, students protesting in Queen's Park. In Canada, strikes occur in cities monthly. / Photo: Aliénor Rougeot
Thunberg has received substantial criticism for her 'climate change catastrophism,' notably from conservatives, who argue the discomfort she evokes is unnecessary. It may be true that their arguments are just: the rising CO2 levels are not the worst the Earth has ever seen in its history and climate change is not an "existential crisis" putting us in danger globally right at this very moment. However, it is undeniable, given the body of scientific evidence available, that our industrial and lifestyle practices will catch up to us, even if that is past 2030, the date Thunberg dubs as the point of no return. And the sooner we invest more seriously in preventing it, the better. Believing that climate change is an important issue, but resolving to deal with at a later date is a fundamentally flawed understanding that even students prone to procrastination, like myself, cannot comprehend. To some, the discomfort she evokes may be verging on excess, but at least it is the persistent kind that is founded in action, not a trend on social media, that is moving youth and politicians alike.
In a moment that most starkly contrasts Thunberg's persistent activism with transient social media activism, Greta, speaking to British MPs in Westminster, forced her audience to lean in and listen. She began in a hushed voice, asking "Is my English OK? Is the microphone on? Because I'm beginning to wonder. During the last six months I have travelled around Europe for hundreds of hours in trains, electric cars and buses, repeating these life-changing words over and over again. But no one seems to be talking about it, and nothing has changed."


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The Practice of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) amongst the Dawoodi Bohra Shia Muslim Community
by Café Dissensus on May 5, 2016
By Dilshad Tavawalla and Shaheeda Tavawalla-Kirtane
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) or khatna has been an international cause célèbre and generated remarkable global attention for the past several decades. At international and intergovernmental levels, there is unequivocal consensus that FGM/C represents an extreme violation of the human rights of children and women, a danger to sexual and reproductive health, a harmful practice and a form of gender-based violence, and that it must be abolished.
However, despite worldwide effort to end FGM/C, India, in particular, had escaped much of the focus and global attention due to the fact, khatna, also known as khafd (female circumcision), is pervasive and secretly practiced amongst the members of the Dawoodi Bohra Shia Muslim community. The cultural practice of khatna/khafd is non-existent, and virtually unknown in various Muslim sects, sub-sects and communities, as well as other religious denominations found in India, namely, the Hindus, Christians, Parsis, Jains, Buddhists, Sikhs, etc. The Dawoodi Bohra Shia Muslims, found in large numbers in India and Pakistan, and to a smaller extent, in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, are the only Muslim community in the Indian sub-continent that practices FGM/C.
In November 2015, this secretive and clandestine practice attracted worldwide media attention. Three members of the Bohra community were convicted in Australia's first ground-breaking prosecution of a FGM/C case, where a retired nurse, a mother of the minor girls and a clergy member, illegally participated in carrying out khatna on two minor girls. News of these successful convictions was reported widely in the international media.
We do not wish this article to be seen as a criticism of the Dawoodi Bohra Shia Muslim community to which we belong, but rather a voice seeking to secure the most fundamental values that underlie all religions, cultures and traditions – "do no harm to another", which we believe will promote social reform and gender justice within the community, by ending this form of violence against girl children and women, and by confronting and tackling deeply ingrained misogynistic attitudes, and patriarchal interests and structures in society as a whole. The aim of this post is to also offer some cultural insight and understanding of the Dawoodi Bohra Shia Muslim community, to throw light, raise public awareness and capture the ancient underground cultural practice of khatna through the words and lens of Dawoodi Bohra women living around the world.
Dilshad and Shaheeda were born in, and belong to the Dawoodi Bohra Shia Muslim community. Dilshad knows khatna personally and intimately because it was performed on her when she was seven years old. The horror, trauma, grief and sadness remained with her. She vowed that her only daughter, Shaheeda, would not go through the pain and trauma she experienced as a child as a result of khatna/khafd being forcibly done to her – leaving her with indelible physical, emotional and psychological scars, and painful memories that affect her to this day.
Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) is the collective name given to several different traditional practices involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for cultural reasons. FGM/C is recognized as a harmful practice, and has no known health benefits. It violates the human rights of children and women. According to the World Health Organisation, FGM reflects deep-rooted inequality between the sexes, and constitutes an extreme form of discrimination against women. The practice also violates a person's rights to health, security and physical integrity, the right to be free from torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, and even the right to life when the procedure results in death. It is nearly always carried out on minors and is a violation of the rights of children. FGM/C is usually performed on girls in infancy or early childhood, mostly before the age of 15, and occasionally, on older girls and adult women as a pre-marriage rite. It is usually performed by traditional practitioners who have no knowledge or training in human physiology, and is done in clandestine circumstances, using unsterilized knife, razor or scissors, and without anaesthesia. The results of this non-hygienic procedure have a devastating effect on the girl's or adult woman's health and psyche at the moment that it is performed, and in the years to follow. The procedure is irreversible.
FGM/C is sometimes erroneously associated with Muslims as it is practiced in some communities where Islam predominates. Some Muslims consider that Islam demands the practice to ensure spiritual purity. However, many Islamic scholars disagree, as FGM/C is not mentioned in the Holy Quran. It is a practice that predates the Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) and the religion of Islam. A minority of followers of other faiths, Christians, Jews and animists also practice it, as has been documented in various academic research and articles. Dawoodi Bohras practice khatna/khafd in the 'sunnah' or Type I form of FGM/C, which is the approved form mandated by the 'dawat' (clergy). It could result in the removal of the prepuce (hood or fold of skin surrounding the clitoris), and partial or total removal of the clitoris.
Recent public disclosures to the media and social networking websites by many brave Dawoodi Bohra women, who have undergone khatna, and from Dilshad's own personal experience and Shaheeda's conversation with community women, a common and recurring sad tale emerges; one that is shrouded in secrecy, guile, misrepresentation, breach of trust and betrayal of a young, vulnerable and hapless 7-year-old girl child by the very people she loves and trusts; mothers, grandmothers and aunts. As Rehana Ghadially notes, "The task, as expected, is accomplished by enforcement from the older women of the family."
The ritual of khatna is a pre-pubescent coming-of-age ceremony that is typically carried out when the female child is seven years but may be done in later years. "The choice of the particular age is not clear. The girl is considered nadaan (innocent) and nasamaj (not capable of understanding). She is considered not capable of understanding what is being done to her and, at the same time, she is considered sufficiently mature to continue the tradition when she has her own daughter…In Sabak (Sunday School), women are instructed by the wives of the clergy that if the girl is not circumcised she will bring disgrace on the family and the community" (Ghadially, 1991).
Most commonly, khatna on girls is "performed by mullanis, women who have semi-religious standing, or by dais or midwives, or by women with some experience" (Srinivasan, 1991). Ghadially interviewed a mullani who stated that she received some "initial instructions by wives of the clergy." These women are usually literate but uneducated, and lack knowledge or understanding of the female anatomy, nor do they have any formal training in medicine, nursing or first aid. Khatna is carried out without anesthesia in the closed confines of a "darkened" room. The tools used are usually an 'astro' – a barber's razor or a shaving blade depending on the preference of the mullani.
In Mumbai, some of these mullanis also make home visits for an additional fee because it is considered to be less of a hassle and more convenient than taking the girl child to Bohri Mohalla (neighbourhood) where these mullanis usually live. Some families, though, who have become more interested in safe circumcision for their little girls, have opted for medicalized khatna/khafd, and girls are taken to pediatricians or family physicians from the community who may or may not perform the procedure under anesthesia in a clinic or hospital setting. In small towns in India, where there is a smaller Bohra population, the girls are brought to larger cities like Mumbai to be circumcised. The winter months are preferred, especially during the Christmas school holidays, as the wound heals faster during winter, and the girl will not miss school-work if she has to miss school for a few days.
Within the Dawoodi Bohra community, there is a lot of social pressure and cultural intimidation to continue the practice of khatna/khafd, and to withhold and safeguard our cultural and religious identity. The fear of ex-communication, and the generally rigid control exercised over community members by the clergy, ensures that few people openly speak out against the practice of FGM/C. Many mothers who are educated and well-informed, but do not want or wish to subject their little girls to khatna, bow down and succumb to the strong pressure from their own mothers, grandmothers, in-laws and other elderly ladies of the family who are very difficult to oppose. Another contributing factor for the perpetuation of khatna is the joint-family system prevalent in the community which is also a reflection of Indian society, and to a larger extent, that of the Indian sub-continent. Some Bohra families living abroad such as in North America, UK or elsewhere, where FGM/C is prohibited by law, circumvent and evade these laws by taking their girl child back home during summer and Christmas school holidays, usually to India, Pakistan, UAE and countries in the Middle East, for 'vacation cutting'.
The Dawoodi Bohras are a unique denomination of Indian Muslims with a worldwide population numbering over 1.5 million. The sub-sect is also known as the Western Ismailis of India, and form a large, rich and flourishing ethno-religious trading community. The sect adopted Islam from Egypt, spread to Yemen and traces its ancestry to early conversion to Ismaili Shi'ism during the reign of the Fatimid Caliph –Imam al Mustansir.
In India and Pakistan, the Dawoodi Bohras can be found living in 'Bohri Mohallas' – neighbourhoods which are predominantly populated by them. Most Dawoodi Bohras speak Gujarati – a language spoken in India, and which is also their mother tongue. As traders, entrepreneurs and professionals, they have settled in various parts of the world, and reside mostly in the Indian sub-continent – India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. Many have migrated to and have a strong presence in over 40 nations around the globe, and are found in countries of the Middle East, South East Asia, East and West Africa, South Africa, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, USA and Canada. The Bohras have over four hundred and eighty community centers known as 'jamaats' in all the major cities around the world. The Dawoodi Bohras are a very close-knit group with a strong sense of community consciousness and religious identity they jealously protect and guard. They have a centralized hierarchical clergy known as the 'dawat'. The spiritual head of the Dawoodi Bohras is the Dai-ul-Mutlaq also called the 'Dai', and sometimes referred by honorific terms like 'Maulana' 'Aquamola' or 'Syedna'. The seat of the religious priesthood is in India, and the Dai lives in Mumbai. They are primarily a mercantile community, and claim 100% literacy in the community. They are educated and enterprising, and many are successful traders and businessmen. The women are literate and equally enterprising, and some amongst them are highly skilled, educated or qualified, and have made forays in business and various professional fields such as medicine, law, social sciences and education.
However, despite the fact that the sect prides itself on being modern in terms of education, occupation and family planning, the Syedna continues to exercise considerable control over his followers, and is greatly revered by them. The Dai exercises spiritual and temporal powers in matters of guidance of the community. In order to exercise spiritual discipline and suppress any theological opposition, the Dai has the spiritual prerogative and right to excommunicate errant community members on religious grounds, which right has been upheld by the Supreme Court of India in the matter of Sardar Saifuddin Saheb v. State of Bombay, AIR 1962 SC 853. Excommunication has grave religious and social consequences – it's a social or communal banishment for life. Devastatingly, it dissolves marriage, prohibits entry into Dawoodi Bohra mosques and community centers, and bars burial in burial grounds/sites. Ex-communication would even prohibit attendance at events, for instance, marriages and funerals of family, relatives and friends within the community. Newspaper and media reports have narrated stories of excommunicated Bohra families in India being publicly persecuted by orthodox members of the community.
Jonah Blank, a Harvard qualified anthropologist, was the first outside researcher to conduct ethnographic fieldwork among the Daudi Bohras. His findings are distilled in a book entitled – Mullahs on the Mainframe: Islam & Modernity Among the Daudi Bohras (2001). Blank found that the Daudi Bohras have been undergoing a neotraditionalist revival of orthodoxy and orthopraxis, and that "the Bohras have used modernity as a tool to reinvigorate their core traditions." Blank observed that the control of the Dai and the dawat "extends well beyond the realm of theology to encompass all aspects of a believer's life" such as matters of dress, facial hair, education, and employment. Finally, Jonah Blank briefly alludes to the practice of FGM/C among the Dawoodi Bohra community being occasionally mentioned in the Indian press. Blank found the reliability of the Bombay Census report of 1911 noting the practice of clitorectomy in the Bohra community difficult to gauge, but mentions that contacts within the Bohra community told him compelling stories of the existence of the practice "but none have been willing to give their testimony in public or provide details for publication."
Unfortunately, Jonah Blank's research findings of the Dawoodi Bohra community embracing "modernity" and "relative gender equality" are subjective and palpably biased, and fail to expose a dark and oppressive truth. Arguably, the most normative indication of gender justice and social equality are the freedom to choose, safeguarding and protection of physical integrity, safety and dignity, and equality of status and respect afforded to its women and children, especially the girl child. In this respect, the Dawoodi Bohras have failed their girls and women. FGM/C is a gross denial of social equality, and in this regard, the prevalence of khatna/khafd is a shameful blot on the community. It exposes the societal and patriarchal pressures exerted on Bohra women, and their helplessness and vulnerability through the regressive and secretive perpetuation of the cruel, violent and harmful ritual of khatna, which is a clear and undeniable violation of young women's universally protected human rights. Islam's core tenets uphold the divine rights of every human being to dignity and well-being, including the bestowed and inviolable rights of Muslim girl children and women by Allah, the Almighty.
On a final note: the ancestral and pervasive ritual of khatna (FGM/C), disguised as tradition and religious teaching, is also a grim and poignant reminder of the unchallenged strength, power and influence of omnipotent, omnipresent and omniscient patriarchal hierarchies over the women of the Dawoodi Bohra community. Unfortunately, it is the vast majority of misguided Bohra women who are subjecting their trusting girls to this brutal and barbaric custom and, thereby, condemning these young girls to lifelong emotional pain, suffering and tragedy. They do so by collectively hiding khatna under a communal cloak of secrecy, stealth and silence.
Ms. Dilshad Tavawalla is a family and child protection lawyer practicing in Toronto for the last 17 years. Dilshad strives to create cultural awareness and a better understanding of the harmful and damaging effects of FGM/C on young girls and adult women, and the dangers of perpetuating the abhorrent practice of khatna which is prevalent in the Dawoodi Bohra community to which she belongs.
Shaheeda Tavawalla-Kirtane is Dilshad's daughter. She is a researcher who currently works for the Observer Research Foundation Mumbai, India. Shaheeda co-founded Sahiyo, an India-based Non-Profit Organization, whose motto is 'United Against Female Genital Cutting', and mission is to empower Dawoodi Bohra and other Asian communities to end female genital cutting and create positive social change.
Tags: Dawoodi Bohra Muslims, Female Genital Mutilation, FGM, Gender
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Johannes Reinders	#
We need to free the girls and women from this satanic tradition of khatna. God gave the clitoris that women may enjoy love. Has God made a mistake to give this organ to women ? Not at all.
It seems that is the Islam who is the enemy No. 1 against women.
I write this from Germany, and I tell you we have surgeons, who are able to repair. And if you are
member of a health-insurance they will pay the surgery.
FGM (Khatna / Khafz) Persists In Bohra India – UK Politicians Can Help To Stop It | Hilary Burrage


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Prison Overcrowding: Maine
Transparency in the Creation of New Ways to Sue
Upholding Trespasser Responsibility
About ALEC's Freedom of Choice in Health Care Act
ALEC's 11th Circuit Amicus Brief
ALEC's U.S. Supreme Court Amicus Brief
ALEC's State Legislators Guide to Repealing ObamaCare
Below is a summary of information including: statistics from Maine's Department of Corrections, an overview of the state's corrections system, as well as helpful references and points of contact.
Facts and Figures FY 2007
DOC COSTS
Annual expenditures – $144 million
Percentage of the state general fund – 4.6%
Average annual cost per inmate – $43,613
DOC POPULATION
Total number of adult facilities – 6
Arrests 2007 – 49,031
Population incarcerated (prisons) – 2,222
Population incarcerated (jails) – 1,838
Share of adults – 1 in 226
Prisons compete with private-industry – Yes
Organization of state divisions, view here.
PAROLE/PROBATION
Parole Population – 338
Probation Population – 7,909
OVERCROWDING QUICK FACTS
Maine has the lowest state prison incarceration rate per capita in the nation: In 2007,Maine's 159 inmates per 100,000 residents was the lowest rate in the country. This is three times lower than the national average.
Yet from 2006 to 2007, Maine's prison population grew an estimated 4.6%. This rate is the seventh fastest growth in the country, and surpasses the national average of 1.8%.
Maine spends less than most states on corrections: In 2007, Maine spent $144 million on corrections—ranking fifth lowest in the nation at 2.0 percent of total expenditures, significantly lower than the national average of 3.4 percent in 2007.
Department of Corrections Contacts
Organization of DOC Executive Staff, view here.
Maine Department of Corrections
Ohio Prison Overcrowding


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Vacancy in the Secretariat of Scientific Sub – Committee under the National Technical Board on Nutrition, BIRAC. (Last Date: 18 March, 2019)
As a part of the National Nutrition Mission of the Government of India POSHAN Abhiyan, Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India has set up the Secretariat for the Scientific Sub – Committee (SSC) under the National Technical Board on Nutrition (NTBN) at BIRAC. The overall objective of the SSC – NTBN is to make technical recommendations to NTBN on the policy related issues from time to time. The SSC – NTBN would co-ordinate the collation, synthesis of existing scientific and operational research and identify research gaps for setting up of potential research agenda.
Applications are invited from qualified and experienced professionals for the following positions in the Secretariat of the SSC – NTBN (Scientific Sub – Committee under the National Technical Board on Nutrition) at BIRAC, New Delhi, India.
Research Scientist – (Vacancy – 2)
RA-01
Research Analyst – (Vacancy – 1)
Position Details:
1. Research Scientist (RS-0) - 2 positions
The Research scientist will serve in the Secretariat for Scientific Sub-Committee of National Technical Board on Nutrition in the areas of:
Nutritional aspects related to Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health, and other age groups as deemed relevant National Technical Board on Nutrition.
Managing day-to-day activities under the working issues of Scientific Sub-Committee.
Reporting to Head of the Secretariat at BIRAC, the Research Scientist (RS) will have the opportunity to interact and work with thought leaders and leading scientists in India; contribute strategic thinking and forward-looking analysis in relevant areas; communicate progress and setbacks against strategic goals; and importantly create and manage activities envisaged as part of a Secretariat for SSC-NTBN.
Responsibilities of the position include but are not limited to:
Coordination and administration of all aspects of ongoing activities including planning and implementation.
Responsible for organizing all Meetings, Interaction and Advisory Group Discussion including conferences and workshops under the purview of SSC-NTBN.
Providing scientific expertise to identify research gaps for setting up potential research agenda.
To coordinate the collation, synthesis of existing scientific and operational research.
To provide technical assistance to SSC-NTBN for designing of nutrition surveys.
To aid the Scientific sub-committee in examining malnutrition related challenges such as high prevalence of anemia, diarrhoea etc., its causes, potential interventions, and for evolving long-term strategies like Bio-fortification for mitigation of anemia, micronutrient malnutrition and protein malnutrition.
Ensure timely execution of all activities.
Synthesize and document results from various scientific discussions and meetings including preparing briefings and portfolio reviews to leadership;
Prepare detailed analytical reports on the project related subjects, interact with experts for issues under review.
To be an important liaison official with DBT (Department of Biotechnology) and the DHR (Department of Health Research).
Prepare and implement an effective communication strategy.
To work and communicate with key stakeholders including members of Technical Advisory Groups, BIRAC, DBT and DHR and other scientific experts for implementation of ongoing programme and identifying new challenges.
In addition to scientific expertise, the Research scientist must also bring in passion, humility, and critical thinking for the unique problems and the questions relevant to BIRAC's mission.
Essential: Ph. D in Health & Nutrition with minimum 3 years of experience in academic, industry or similar position. OR M.D. in Community medicine/Preventive and Social Medicine
Master's in Public health or in Nutrition is preferable.
Experience working with the health community and with governmental and non-governmental organizations.
General knowledge of agriculture, child / maternal health and cultural factors in the context of India and the developing world.
Experience in Project management, monitoring and evaluation, including development of conceptual frameworks, management of monitoring systems, implementation and - supervision of evaluations and reporting of evaluation findings.
Demonstrated outstanding written and oral communication skills in positions requiring communications in a broad and diverse audience on a range of complex technical issues.
Strong planning and analytical skills. Excellent interpersonal and negotiation skills.
Demonstrated capacity and experience to handle collaboration within an organization and with external partners, as well as an ability to work with efficiency and diplomacy as part of a team effort.
Ability to organize/prioritize work and meet deadlines within a fast-paced environment with multiple and competing demands.
Proactive and flexible nature with reliable follow-through and attention to detail.
Ability to work both independently and in a cooperative and collegial fashion.
Ability and willingness to travel domestically and internationally.
Age Limit – Not more than 40 years as on the date of closing of application.
Salary: The consolidated remuneration for the position of Research Scientist(s) will be Rs. Rs. 1,08,000/- per month. Candidates who are MBBS/MD will not be eligible for Non-Practicing Allowance.
2. Research Analyst (RA-0) - 1 position:
The Research analyst will serve in the Secretariat for Scientific Sub-Committee of National Technical Board on Nutrition and will be reporting to the Head of Secretariat at BIRAC.
Coordinating and supporting the Research Scientist for organizing all Meetings and Interactions under the purview of SSC-NTBN.
Generating analysis of available evidence or identify research gaps for setting up potential research agenda under review by SSC.
To aid the Scientific sub-committee in examining malnutrition related challenges such as high prevalence of anemia, diarrhoea etc, its causes, potential interventions, and for evolving long-term strategies like Bio-fortification for mitigation of anemia, micronutrient malnutrition and protein malnutrition,
To aid Secretariat SSC for generation of relevant evidence, prior to and after introduction of nutrition related guidelines, monitoring of delivery of programs and impact after nutrition intervention introduction or any other issues as refereed to SSC from time to time.
Prepare detailed analytical reports on the discussions and meetings related to Secretariat, as well as interact with experts for issues under review.
In addition to scientific expertise, the Research analyst must also bring in passion, humility, and critical thinking for the unique problems and the questions relevant to the Mission.
Essential: M.Sc. or M. Tech in Health & Nutrition Or Masters in Public Health with minimum 2 years of experience in academic, industry or similar position.
Experience in research analysis, report analysis and data handling.
Demonstrated capacity to work with efficiency and diplomacy as part of a team.
Salary: The consolidated remuneration for the position of Research Analyst will be Rs. 65,000/- per month.
i) Application Proforma (enclosed BIRAC-Doc1)
ii) For details of job descriptions and qualifications please see BIRAC-Doc-II enclosed here.
Applications received by post and not on the prescribed format will not be considered.
Last date for receipt of ONLINE applications on the aforementioned email is 18th March, 2019.
Notwithstanding anything contained herein or elsewhere; the decisions taken by BIRAC shall be binding upon all concerned.


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Liz Truss's month of mayhem: From bumpy rides to Balmoral to bumpier battles in Birmingham
The plane flying Liz Truss to meet the Queen at Balmoral for her appointment as prime minister a month ago was hit by turbulence in bad weather and struggled to land at Aberdeen airport.
The aircraft's helpless circling in mid-air was seen at the time as a bad omen for her premiership.
And after a month of mayhem for the new PM, perhaps it was indeed a warning of trouble ahead.
Politics live: Truss takes aim at 'anti-growth coalition' in pivotal speech
In the month since Ms Truss was confirmed as Tory leader, her leadership has faced the death and mourning of the Queen, a bungled budget, markets chaos, U-turns, polls suggesting a Labour landslide and a backbench "coup" against her.
Her response, in a fighting and defiant speech at the end of a fractious and chaotic Tory conference in Birmingham, was to declare: "Whenever there is change, there is disruption. And not everyone will be in favour of change."
Let's take a look at the key dates in this rocky start in Number 10.
More on Liz Truss
Monday 5 September
Much has changed dramatically since Ms Truss defeated Rishi Sunak for the Conservative crown by 57.4% to 42.6% – a comfortable margin, but slimmer than in other recent Tory leadership elections.
In her victory speech at London's Queen Elizabeth II conference centre, she described the contest as "one of the longest job interviews in history".
She praised her predecessor, Boris Johnson, and said: "You got Brexit done. You crushed Jeremy Corbyn. You rolled out the vaccine and you stood up to Vladimir Putin."
Tuesday 6 September
Safely back from stormy Balmoral, Ms Truss strode up Downing Street with her slightly bemused looking husband Hugh O'Leary and told the nation: "Together we can ride out the storm."
But the political – and economic – storm, already becoming perilous for the new PM because of soaring energy prices, was only just beginning.
The PM and her husband Hugh O'Leary arrive in Downing Street as her premiership begins
Although her swift cabinet reshuffle contained few surprises and her appointments had been widely predicted, it was a brutal purge of those ministers who had backed her leadership rival, Mr Sunak.
Into the top jobs came her most loyal allies and backers: Therese Coffey, Kwasi Kwarteng, James Cleverly, Suella Braverman, Jacob Rees-Mogg, Nadhim Zahawi and Brandon Lewis.
Banished to the backbenches were Michael Gove, Grant Shapps, Sajid Javid and many more, in a cull that began to backfire badly at this week's Tory conference, when Mr Gove and Mr Shapps led the mutiny on the 45p tax cut.
In an eagerly awaited first Prime Minister's Questions for the new premier, Ms Truss put in a sound performance and delighted Tory backbenchers with her counter-attacks against Sir Keir Starmer.
Truss told the Commons during her first PMQs that she wants to keep taxation low
When the Labour leader demanded a windfall tax on energy giants to fund her plans to help families pay soaring energy bills, she gave her now familiar answer: "We cannot tax our way to growth."
Thursday 8 September
The pivotal moment in the PM's month of mayhem came when she was passed a note by Cabinet Office Minister Nadhim Zahawi as she delivered her Commons statement on her £150bn package to freeze energy bills.
The news in the note – that the Queen was gravely ill just two days after Ms Truss had been to see her at Balmoral to be appointed prime minister – stunned Westminster and put politics into suspension for 11 days.
After the announcement of the Queen's death at 6.30pm, the new PM appeared in Downing Street in a black dress and, with her voice quivering with emotion, paid a solemn tribute to the monarch.
The PM delivers delivers a speech after the death of the Queen
The Queen was "the rock on which modern Britain was built", she said, and her death was a huge shock to the country and the world.
She said the Queen's sense of duty had been a personal inspiration to her and many other Britons, adding: "She was the very spirit of Great Britain and that spirit will endure."
9 to 19 September
With the nation still reeling from the shock of the Queen's death, the PM led two days of tributes in Parliament, telling MPs: "In the hours since last night's shocking news, we have witnessed the most heartfelt outpouring of grief at the loss of her late majesty the Queen.
"Crowds have gathered, flags have been lowered to half-mast, tributes have been sent from every continent around the world."
And after King Charles' accession to the throne the following day, Ms Truss travelled to Edinburgh, Belfast and Cardiff as the new King attended cathedral services to honour his late mother's life.
King Charles III and the prime minister during their first audience
She attended her first formal audience with the new King, a meeting where it has been claimed she advised him not to attend the COP27 climate change summit in Egypt next month – a claim dismissed as "ridiculous" by 10 Downing Street.
At the Queen's funeral she read a lesson from St John's gospel. But as she arrived at Westminster Abbey with her husband, she would have been unaware that two Australian broadcasters commentating on the funeral mistook her for a "minor royal".
20 and 21 September
After the Queen's funeral, Ms Truss made a whirlwind visit to the United Nations General Assembly – a regular date in the September calendar for prime ministers, but a stern test for one only in office for two weeks.
As a newcomer, she had a middle-of-the-night graveyard slot in the speeches and at her first face-to-face meeting with Joe Biden was confronted by the US president on the Northern Ireland Protocol.
"We are both committed to protecting the Good Friday Agreement of Northern Ireland and I'm looking forward to hearing what's on your mind," he challenged her pointedly.
Friday 23 September
Back in London, the PM sat alongside her "dynamic new chancellor", as she called him in her conference speech, Kwasi Kwarteng, as he delivered his delayed "growth plan".
In a clumsy remark at the Tory conference, he appeared to blame the Queen's death for the furore it provoked.
"Literally four days after the funeral, we had the mini-budget," he said. "It was a high-speed, high pressure environment."
The growth plan was a disaster.
Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng announces tax cuts for 31 million people
Mr Kwarteng's £45bn tax-cutting package for the rich sent the pound crashing to its lowest level against the dollar in 37 years. He announced more than £400bn of extra borrowing over the coming years to fund the biggest giveaway since Anthony Barber's ill-fated 1972 budget.
He scrapped the 45% rate of income tax paid by those earning more than £150,000 a year, abolished the cap on bankers' bonuses, reversed the rise in National Insurance contributions and brought forward by a year the reduction in the basic rate of income tax from 20% to 19%, pencilled in by Mr Sunak for 2024.
The respected Paul Johnson of the Institute for Fiscal Studies reacted: "The chancellor announced the biggest package of tax cuts in 50 years without even a semblance of an effort to make the public finance numbers add up.
"Instead, the plan seems to be to borrow large sums at increasingly expensive rates, put government debt on an unsustainable rising path and hope that we get better growth. Mr Kwarteng is not just gambling on a new strategy, he is betting the house."
The Daily Mail cooed: "At last! A true Tory budget." But the generally Tory-supporting Economist said the government's reckless incompetence may have already damaged it beyond repair.
Monday 26 September
After Mr Kwarteng said in a TV interview there were more tax cuts to come, the pound plunged even further.
The turmoil was a gift to Labour, enjoying a largely successful conference in Liverpool.
But if the run on the pound was bad, worse was to come. The Bank of England was forced to calm the bond market with a £65bn bailout after a surge in gilt yields threatened to wipe out many pension funds.
At the same time, a YouGov opinion poll gave Labour a massive 33-point lead over the Conservatives, suggesting a vote share of 54% for Sir Keir's party and just 21% for the Tories.
Sir Keir Starmer had a successful Labour conference in Liverpool. Pic: AP
It was the biggest Labour lead since Tony Blair's honeymoon period in the months after his 1997 general election landslide.
The current Labour leader called for the recall of parliament to address the financial crisis. He urged the government to abandon the mini-budget measures which triggered the market turmoil and said the PM was a "danger" to the economy and has lost control.
Sunday 2 October
As the Tory conference opened in Birmingham, Ms Truss was accused of "throwing Mr Kwarteng under a bus" over the 45% tax fiasco and distancing herself from it when she said in an interview: "It was a decision that the chancellor made."
As a backbench mutiny reached dangerous levels, with some leading backbenchers even claiming the PM could be ousted within weeks, she performed a humiliating late-night U-turn which was revealed to bemused and shell-shocked cabinet ministers in the early hours of Monday morning.
Asked repeatedly whether or not her chancellor has her trust, Ms Truss chooses to avoid answering directly
After Mr Kwarteng confirmed his embarrassing retreat at 7.30am, in what looked like another snub the PM was asked three times if she trusted her chancellor but failed to declare her support for him.
Later, a sweating Mr Kwarteng gave an unconvincing conference speech, which was described as more trite than contrite.
Tuesday 4 October
As she came to the end of her first month as PM, Ms Truss's decision to sack so many heavy hitters was coming back to bite her as the Tory conference descended into a bitter civil war.
After Michael Gove launched a series of highly targeted attacks against the cut to the 45p tax rate, the spurned Grant Shapps declared that she may have as little as 10 days to salvage her premiership and the next few days were the "critical period" for her to turn things around.
Michael Gove made his views clear during the Tory conference
Nadine Dorries, previously an enthusiastic Truss supporter, accused her of tearing up the Tory manifesto and called for a general election. Then Priti Patel accused the government of "spending today with no thought for tomorrow".
But even worse, the bickering spread to inside the cabinet, with Leader of the Commons Penny Mordaunt backing those demanding the bigger benefit increase, then Welsh Secretary Robert Buckland weighing in too.
Amid the open warfare, the new Home Secretary Suella Braverman had accused rebels of mounting a "coup" against the PM on the 45% tax cut, an attack that inflamed the dissent on the backbenches.
Wednesday 5 October
In a combative fightback Ms Truss took to the stage on the final day of conference and declared war on an "anti-growth coalition".
Truss tells the conference in Birmingham: 'There will be disruption – and not everyone will like it'
Thursday 6 October
Ms Truss is beginning her second month as prime minister flying to Prague for a meeting with European leaders to galvanise the response to Vladimir Putin's invasion of Ukraine.
And unlike her bumpy journey to Balmoral a month ago, she'll be hoping for a smooth, turbulence-free flight this time, and no more omens of another month of mayhem.
Faction of Tory members feel 'disconnected' after being 'denied a vote' when Rishi Sunak became PM, ex-party chair says
Adam Boulton: Long Johnson is still plaguing the Tories – Sunak needs to take decisive action
Starmer's 'radical' promises have gone as he targets power – but we still don't really know who he is
Jeremy Hunt confirms HS2 will reach central London after reports it might stop in suburbs
Chancellor Jeremy Hunt to dismiss 'gloom' about economy – but set to resist calls for tax cuts
NHS crisis: Politicians are not offering a comprehensive solution on how to fix the health service
Cost of living: 'Stealthy' tax and benefit freezes will outweigh tax cuts, say economists
Liz Truss to hold meetings with EU leaders after tumultuous party conference


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The enlarged prostate gland has been incised. The cut surface reveals a well-developed nodularity.


REPORT OF ACTIVITIES 17th November 2017 –The Mother's Mahaparayana day Observed at Chandbali. Sagarika Panda and Anatha Bandhu nayak Participated in the Program 27th February 2016 – Block level Sri Aurobindo Pathachakra held at Chandravanupur. Bhabanishankar Das conducted the program. Ajit Kumar pahi, Hrusekesh Mishra, Anirudha Jena and Chittaranjan Nayak, Participated in the Program. 1st January 2017 – Swarna Khetra day observed at Chandbali. 9th December 2016 – Sri Aurobindo Science Exhibition held at Bondala. Pradeep Jena and Manoranjan Jena conducted the Program. 5th to 8th January – Youth camp held at Matrupalli Charampa. Prasad Tripathy, Bhaktihari Ratha, Debadatta Nayak, Golak bihari sahoo participated in the program. 5th February 2017 – Mobile study circle conducted by Anushaya Behera at Charampa. 26th February 2017 – Mobile study circle conducted by Rasabihari Jena and Padmini Sethi at Balipokhari. 28th May 2017 – Mobile study circle conducted by Pradeep kumar Jena. 11th July 2017 – District level workers meet held at matrupali, Charampa. Sri Prasad Tripathy and Kapilash Prasad Das discussed on "Aim of Life" and " Transformation of mind life and body". 16th July 2017 – Mobile study circle conducted by Dinabandhu Moharan at Patharagadia. 19th September 2017 – District level Sri Aurobindo women's Study Circle held at Charampa. Urmila Rout and Anjana Pradhan discussed on "need of Sri Aurobindo Pathachakra". 26th to 28th November 2017 – District level Sri Aurobindo health squad training camp held at charampa. Dr. Shyama kanungo, Dr. Hrusikesh Patra, Bipin bihari kara, Prasanta kumar Nanda conducted the program. 26th November 2017 – Sri Aurobindo Annual conference held at Kanti.