For some people, environmental implications figure into one of life's biggest decisions—whether or not to have a child.
According to philosopher and poet Henry David Thoreau, "One is not born into the world to do everything, but to do something." While the idea of making the world a better place is subjective; the salient point in Thoreau's statement is to do something.
Everyday choices add up to a cumulative impact on the environment; actions such as recycling, using cloth grocery bags, or purchasing items made from sustainable resources that do not further threaten the habitats of animals in the wild. For example, choosing a candy bar made by a company concerned about orangutan conservation and deforestation due to non sustainable palm oil production in Indonesia and Malaysia can mean the difference between extinction and preservation of these charismatic primates. With education and awareness, we understand how seemingly small, everyday choices add up to big impact.
Bigger choices we face include: purchasing energy efficient appliances or fuel-efficient cars, taking public transportation, or planting trees that will cleanse the air of pollutants for years to come. For some people, environmental implications figure into one of life's biggest decisions —whether or not to have a child.
An article written by Grist's Senior Editor Lisa Hymas encouraged people to feel good about their choice to opt out of parenthood, thereby reducing their carbon footprint. The more goods we consume, the larger our carbon footprint. Not everyone who opts out of parenthood does so for environmental reasons. Whatever the reason, Hymas and countless other nonparents have something in common —they are targets. Targets of judgment and assumptions about what kind of people they are and the lives they are living. While the parenthood decision applies to both women and men, societal pressure is greatest for women whose lives continue to be viewed through the lens of motherhood. Women's lives have undergone a complete overhaul in the past few decades; however, something very fundamental has not changed. There are still widely-held assumptions that all women desire motherhood—or that they "should" desire it—and those women who do not want motherhood are viewed as selfish or dysfunctional.
As a mother of three, I am acutely aware of the assumptions my teenage daughter faces. Ten years ago, I read Madelyn Cain's book, The Childless Revolution, with a haunting interview. Quoting a woman Cain called "Donna," who found she was infertile and could not become a mother, Donna said, "If I cannot become a mother, I may as well be dead." During my interviews, I found a real-life example of Cain's "Donna;" someone I've known my whole life, who expressed, "When I couldn't get pregnant, I remember thinking—what's life all about then?" For years, I have envisioned my own daughter's future and considered, "What if my daughter does not want to be a mother someday? What if she's unable to become a mom (through biology or circumstance)? Is there a way to protect her from the assumptions that bombard women from all manner of sources? My quest to answer these questions resulted in a book I've written (to be published later this year), The Female Assumption: The Impact on Women's Lives when Motherhood is Viewed as a Mandate.
During my interviews/surveys with mothers, I heard a very high level of assumptions that their daughters will follow in their footsteps and become moms someday. One can assert that these assumptions are supported by statistics in a country where fertility rates are still very high despite a decline over the past few decades. What was alarming about my research was that 42 percent of the mothers I surveyed said that, if they heard their daughters voice ambivalence or disinterest in motherhood, that they would "urge them" toward motherhood by making statements such as, "Motherhood is an experience not to be missed," "I never knew love until I became a mother," and, "If she doesn't become a mom, that means I can never become a grandmother." Another 10 percent of the mothers said that they would sit their daughters down and question them about their disinterest in motherhood. For this group of mothers, I wondered, if they would ask "Why not?" would they also ask "Why?" if their daughters expressed their interest in motherhood? The answer lies in the assumptions one holds about females' lives.
A high-profile woman who was never drawn to motherhood is Christine Walker, spouse of Robert Walker, President of the Population Institute. In an exclusive interview with Mrs. Walker for my book, she said that she had a "terrific childhood" (debunking the myth that a woman who doesn't want to be a mother had a dysfunctional childhood); but that she didn't like the "noise, crying, and clean-up" associated with childrearing. In Robert Walker's words, "My wife and I chose to be 'childfree' long before the term was invented ... we like children, but we did not like them enough to take on the commitment of raising them." According to Christine, "My husband and I are very close, I'm very fulfilled within my own self, we have no regrets." Robert and Christine have been married almost four decades.
As a culture, we must ask ourselves, why are women's voices suppressed or disregarded in the 21st century? Borrowing from biology, we call the forces that keep alive certain cultural morés "replicators." For example, the cultural moré that "children are the ultimate celebration of life" is kept alive by society's replicators. There are many magnificent ways to celebrate life; and many have nothing to do with children. Another cultural moré is that children fill a void in a previously-unfulfilled life. Again, there are a significant number of ways to live a fulfilled, happy life, to the exclusion of raising one's own child.
As a mother of three, I am realistic enough to talk about the sacrifices of motherhood in a way that the majority of mothers do not. This does not dilute the love I feel for my children, nor does it hint at regret. My goal for my research and my book is to highlight the injustice of judging women on the basis of their choice to be mothers; and to highlight the need for all of society to update the scripts that are used with females ... rather than saying, "When you have children ..." instead say, "If you have children ..." There are many scripts that need updating when speaking to females about their lives—scripts that reflect more sensitivity and less judgment. My husband and I are raising our daughter to know that all we expect of her is to become a kind and self-sufficient human being. Beyond that, her choices are her own.
I advocate for each person who comes into contact with females, whether at home, school, or in the workplace, to use sensitivity when speaking about motherhood. Not all women desire it; their reasons for opting out of motherhood are as varied as the women themselves; and their reasons are no one's business but their own.


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text:
Justia › US Law › US Case Law › US Supreme Court › Volume 196 › Union Stock Yards Co. of Omaha v. Chicago, Burlington, & Quincy R.R.
Union Stock Yards Co. of Omaha v. Chicago, Burlington, & Quincy R.R., 196 U.S. 217 (1905)
Justia Opinion Summary and Annotations
Primary Holding
When multiple parties combine to engage in wrongful conduct, the party that is held liable for act will not be able to get indemnity or contribution from the other party because they share responsibility for the injury jointly.
Union Stock Yards Co. of Omaha moved switching cars for the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad in its stockyard. Neither entity inspected the cars, one of which had a defective nut that would have been apparent from an ordinary examination. As a result of the defect, an employee of Union was involved in an accident. After Union paid damages to the employee, it sued the Railroad for indemnity or contribution.
William Rufus Day (Author)
David Josiah Brewer
John Marshall Harlan
Henry Billings Brown
Edward Douglass White
Rufus Wheeler Peckham
Joseph McKenna
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.
Melville Weston Fuller
The only situation in which a tortfeasor may recover indemnity or contribution from another tortfeasor jointly involved in the same wrongful conduct is when the other tortfeasor was primarily responsible. This is appropriate because the principal responsible party should bear the burden of the resulting costs and losses. In this case, however, both companies acted negligently by failing to inspect the car and putting those who used it at an unnecessary risk of harm. The exception thus was not appropriate.
The outcome may have been different if the responsibility had not been divided evenly between the parties. If the railroad had held the majority of the fault, it may have been required to pay contribution to the company.
Union Stock Yards v. Chicago, B. & Q. R. Co., 196 U.S. 217 (1905)
Union Stock Yards Company of Omaha v.
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Company
Argued December 14-15, 1904
Decided January 9, 1905
A railroad company delivered a car with imperfect brakes to a terminal company; both companies failed to discover the defect, which could have been done by proper inspection; an employee of the terminal company, who
was injured as a direct result of the defective brake, sued the terminal company alone and recovered. In an action brought by the terminal company against the railroad company for the amount paid under the judgment, held that:
As both companies were wrongdoers, and were guilty of a like neglect of duty in failing to properly inspect the car before putting it in use, the fact that such duty was first required of the railroad company did not bring the case within the exceptional rule which permits one wrongdoer, who has been mulcted in damages, to recover indemnity or contribution from another, on the ground that the latter was primarily responsible.
This case comes here on the certificate of the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. The facts embodied therein are: the circuit court of the United States, sitting at Omaha, Neb., sustained a demurrer to the petition of the plaintiff in error against the defendant in error. The facts stated in the petition, in substance, are as follows:
"The plaintiff, the stockyards company, is a corporation which owns stockyards at South Omaha, Nebraska, railroad tracks appurtenant thereto, and motive power to operate cars for the purpose of switching them to their ultimate destinations in its yards from a transfer track which connects its tracks with the railways of the defendant, the Burlington company. The Burlington company, is a railroad corporation engaged in the business of a common carrier of freight and passengers. The defendant places the cars destined for points in the plaintiff's yards on the transfer track adjacent to the premises of the plaintiff, and the latter hauls them to their points of destination in its yards for a fixed compensation, which is paid to it by the defendant. The plaintiff receives no part of the charge to the shipper for the transportation of the cars, but the defendant contracts with the shipper to deliver the cars to their places of ultimate destination in the plaintiff's yards, and receives from the shipper the compensation therefor. The defendant delivered to the plaintiff upon the transfer track a refrigerator car of the Hammond Packing Company, used by the defendant to transport the meats of that company, to be delivered to that company by the plaintiff in its stockyards. This car was in bad order, in
that the nut above the wheel upon the brake staff was not fastened to the staff, although it covered the top of the staff, and rested on the wheel as though it was fastened thereto, and this defect was discoverable upon reasonable inspection. The plaintiff undertook to deliver the car to the Hammond company, and sent Edward Goodwin, one of its servants, upon it for that purpose, who, by reason of this defect, was thrown from the car and injured while he was in the discharge of his duty. He sued the plaintiff, and recovered a judgment in one of the district courts of Nebraska for the damages which he sustained by his fall, on the ground that it was caused by the negligence of the stockyards company in the discharge of its duty of inspection to its employee. This judgment was subsequently affirmed by the Supreme Court of Nebraska, Union Stock-Yards Co. v. Goodwin, 57 Neb. 138, and was paid by the plaintiff."
Upon this certificate, the circuit court of appeals propounds the following question:
"Is a railroad company which delivers a car in bad order to a terminal company, that is under contract to deliver it to its ultimate destination on its premises for a fixed compensation, to be paid to it by the railroad company, liable to the terminal company for the damages which the latter has been compelled to pay to one of its employees on account of injuries he sustained while in the customary discharge of his duty of operating the car, by reason of the defect in it, in a case in which the defect is discoverable upon reasonable inspection? "
CERTIFICATE FROM THE UNITED STATES CIRCUIT
COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
We take it that this inquiry must be read in the light of the statement accompanying it. While instruction is asked broadly as to the liability of the railroad company to the terminal company, for damages which the latter has been compelled to pay to one of its own employees on account of injuries sustained, it is doubtless meant to limit the inquiry to cases wherein such recovery was had because of the established negligence of the terminal company in the performance of the specific duty stated, and which it owed to the employee. For it must be taken as settled that the terminal company was guilty of negligence after it received the car in question, in failing to perform the duty of inspection required of it as to its own employee. The case referred to in the certificate, Union Stock-Yards Co. v. Goodwin, 57 Neb. 138, is a final adjudication between the terminal company and the employee,
and it therein appears that the liability of the company was based upon the defective character of the brake, which defect a reasonably careful inspection by a competent inspector would have revealed, and it was held that in permitting the employee to use the car without discovering the defect the company was rendered liable to him for the damages sustained. We have, therefore, a case in which the question of the plaintiff's negligence has been established by a competent tribunal, and the inquiry here is may the terminal company recover contribution, or, more strictly speaking, indemnity, from the railroad company because of the damages which it has been compelled to pay under the circumstances stated?
Nor is the question to be complicated by a decision of the liability of the railroad company to the employee of the terminal company, had the latter seen fit to bring the action against the railroad company alone, or against both companies jointly. There seems to be a diversity of holding upon the subject of the railroad company's liability under such circumstances, in courts of high authority.
In Moon v. Northern Pacific Railroad Company, 46 Minn. 106, and Pennsylvania Railroad Company v. Snyder, 55 Ohio St. 342, it was held that a railroad company was liable to an employee of the receiving company who had been injured on the defective car while in the employ of the latter company when, under a traffic arrangement between the companies, the delivering company had undertaken to inspect the cars upon delivery, and, as in the Moon case, where there was a joint inspection by the inspectors of both companies. This upon the theory that the negligence of the delivering company, when it was bound to inspect before delivery, was the primary cause of the injury, notwithstanding the receiving company was also guilty of an omission to inspect the car before permitting an employee to use the same.
A different view was taken in the case of Glynn v. Central R. Co., 175 Mass. 510, in which the opinion was delivered by MR. JUSTICE HOLMES, then Chief Justice of Massachusetts,
in which it was held that, as the car, after coming into the hands of the receiving company, and before it had reached the place of the accident, had crossed a point at which it should have been inspected, the liability of the delivering company for the defect in the car, which ought to have been discovered upon inspection by the receiving company, was at an end. A like view was taken by the Supreme Court of Kansas in the case of M., K. & T. R. Co. v. Merrill, 65 Kan. 436, reversing its former decision in the same case reported in 61 Kan. 671. But we do not deem the determination of this question necessary to a decision of the present case.
Coming to the very question to be determined here, the general principle of law is well settled that one of several wrongdoers cannot recover against another wrongdoer, although he may have been compelled to pay all the damages for the wrong done. In many instances, however, cases have been taken out of this general rule, and it has been held inoperative in order that the ultimate loss may be visited upon the principal wrongdoer, who is made to respond for all the damages, where one less culpable, although legally liable to third persons, may escape the payment of damages assessed against him by putting the ultimate loss upon the one principally responsible for the injury done. These cases have, perhaps, their principal illustration in that class wherein municipalities have been held responsible for injuries to persons lawfully using the streets in a city, because of defects in the streets or sidewalks caused by the negligence or active fault of a property owner. In such cases, where the municipality has been called upon to respond because of its legal duty to keep public highways open and free from nuisances, a recovery over has been permitted for indemnity against the property owner, the principal wrongdoer, whose negligence was the real cause of the injury.
Of this class of cases in Washington Gas Light Co. v. District of Columbia, 161 U. S. 316, in which a resident of the City of Washington had been injured by an open gas box, placed and
maintained on the sidewalk by the gas company, for its benefit. The District was sued for damages, and, after notice to the gas company to appear and defend, damages were awarded against the District, and it was held that there might be a recovery by the District against the gas company for the amount of damages which the former had been compelled to pay. Many of the cases were reviewed in the opinion of the court, and the general principle was recognized that, notwithstanding the negligence of one, for which he has been held to respond, he may recover against the principal delinquent where the offense did not involve moral turpitude, in which case there could be no recovery, but was merely malum prohibitum, and the law would inquire into the real delinquency of the parties, and place the ultimate liability upon him whose fault had been the primary cause of the injury. The same principle has been recognized in the Court of Appeals of the State of New York in Oceanic Steam Nav. Co. v. Compania Transatlantica Espanola, 134 N.Y. 461, the second proposition of the syllabus of the case being:
"Where therefore a person has been compelled, by the judgment of a court having jurisdiction, to pay damages caused by the negligence of another, which ought to have been paid by the wrongdoer, he may recover of the latter the amount so paid, unless he was a party to the wrong which caused the damage."
In a case cited and much relied upon at the bar, Gray v. Boston Gas Light Co., 114 Mass. 149, a telegraph wire was fastened to the plaintiff's chimney without his consent, and, the weight of the wire having pulled the chimney over into the street, to the injury of a passing traveler, an action was brought against the property owner for damages, and notice was duly given to the gas company, which refused to defend. Having settled the damages at a figure which the court thought reasonable, the property owner brought suit against the gas company, and it was held liable. In the opinion the court said:
"When two parties, acting together, commit an illegal or wrongful act, the party who is held responsible in damages for the act cannot have indemnity or contribution from the other, because both are equally culpable or participes criminis, and the damage results from their joint offense. This rule does not apply when one does the act or creates the nuisance, and the other does not join therein, but is thereby exposed to liability and suffers damage. He may recover from the party whose wrongful act has thus exposed him. In such case, the parties are not in pari delicto as to each other, though, as to third persons, either may be held liable."
In a later case in Massachusetts, Boston Woven Hose & Rubber Co. v. Kendall, 178 Mass. 232, it was held that a manufacturer of an iron boiler known as a vulcanizer, which had been furnished upon an order which required a boiler which would stand a pressure of one hundred pounds to the square inch, which order was accordingly accepted, the manufacturer undertaking to make the boiler in a good and workmanlike manner, but which, because of a defect, in that the hinge of the door was constructed in such a way that it did not press tight enough against the face of the boiler to stand a pressure of 75 pounds, at which pressure the packing blew out and allowed the naphtha vapor to escape, was liable for the damages which the hose company had been compelled to pay to one of its employees, injured by the accident, although the defect might have been discovered upon reasonable inspection by the hose company. In that case, the boiler was sold upon a warranty. As was said by Mr. Chief Justice Holmes, delivering the opinion of the court:
"The very purpose of the warranty was that the boiler should be used in the plaintiff's works with reliance upon the defendant's judgment in a matter as to which the defendants were experts and the plaintiff presumably was not. Whether the false warranty be called a tort or a breach of contract, the consequences which ensued must be taken to have been contemplated, and were not too remote. The fact that the reliance
was not justified as toward the men does not do away with the fact that the defendants invited it, with notice of what might be the consequences if it should be misplaced, and there is no policy of the law opposed to their being held to make their representations good."
Other cases might be cited which are applications of the exception engrafted upon the general rule of noncontribution among wrongdoers, holding that the law will inquire into the facts of a case of the character shown, with a view to fastening the ultimate liability upon the one whose wrong has been primarily responsible for the injury sustained. In the present case, there is nothing in the facts as stated to show that any negligence or misconduct of the railroad company caused the defect in the car which resulted in the injury to the brakeman. That company received the car from its owner, the Hammond Packing Company, whether in good order or not the record does not disclose. It is true that a railroad company owes a duty of inspection to its employees as to cars received from other companies as well as to those which it may own. Baltimore & Potomac Railroad Co. v. Mackey, 157 U. S. 73. But in the present case, the omission of duty for which the railroad company was sought to be held was the failure to inspect the car with such reasonable diligence as would have discovered the defect in it. It may be conceded that, the railroad company having a contract with the terminal company to receive and transport the cars furnished, it was bound to use reasonable diligence to see that the cars were turned over in good order, and a discharge of this duty required an inspection of the cars by the railroad company upon delivery to the terminal company. But that the terminal company owed a similar duty to its employees, and neglected to perform the same, to the injury of an employee, has been established by the decision of the Supreme Court of Nebraska, already referred to.
The case then stands in this wise: the railroad company and the terminal company have been guilty of a like neglect of duty in failing to properly inspect the car before putting it in
use by those who might be injured thereby. We do not perceive that, because the duty of inspection was first required from the railroad company, that the case is thereby brought within the class which hold the one primarily responsible, as the real cause of the injury, liable to another less culpable, who may have been held to respond for damages for the injury inflicted. It is not like the case of the one who creates a nuisance in the public streets; or who furnishes a defective dock, or the case of the gas company, where it created the condition of unsafety by its own wrongful act; or the case of the defective boiler, which blew out because it would not stand the pressure warranted by the manufacturer. In all these cases, the wrongful act of the one held finally liable created the unsafe or dangerous condition from which the injury resulted. The principal and moving cause, resulting in the injury sustained, was the act of the first wrongdoer, and the other has been held liable to third persons for failing to discover or correct the defect caused by the positive act of the other.
In the present case, the negligence of the parties has been of the same character. Both the railroad company and the terminal company failed, by proper inspection, to discover the defective brake. The terminal company, because of its fault, has been held liable to one sustaining an injury thereby. We do not think the case comes within that exceptional class which permits one wrongdoer who has been mulcted in damages to recover indemnity or contribution from another.
For the reasons stated, the question propounded will be answered in the negative.
Chris Skelton Mountain View, CA

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Well, I cannot believe it's been twenty weeks since my Gastric bypass surgery. That is a good chunk of time and I think the turning point happened at about 16 weeks. Up until that point I found it really hard. I was being sick a lot and struggling with different foods.
Now I'm at 20 weeks, I can pretty much eat any carbs I want. (I still can't have lettuce or meats such as steak or pork). Now that is a good feeling- being able to eat semi-normal foods again. I am tolerating bread again and pasta and foods I could not eat for many months and it feels wonderful. The key for me now is to make the best and healthy choices that I can make.
I can't eat much at a time. For example, if I want a sandwich, I can manage 1/3 of a wrap or 2 slices of Warburton's thin's, with some protein and cucumber and I will have to eat it very slowly and chew chew chew. I cannot eat a burger. I've tried (a healthy version) and I managed a quarter and it was so unsatisfying and yuck.
John and I bought an Asda Pizza. It was spinach and mozzarella and I was able to eat one slice which was a real treat. That won't be regular though. My meals will be mainly protein, veg and a few carbs.
I don't get dumping syndrome which stops you eating anything sweet foods (I guess that's a good thing- it is difficult not having control over certain things) at least I have the choice. I'm limiting my sweet intake to one nice treat a week.
The key for me is feeding my body with healthy nutritional mini meals. for example a poached egg with two spoons of beans or half a potato with some tuna and cucumber. I need three meals a day plus two snacks and it's up to me what I put in my mouth.
I have tried chocolate and it goes down well. I will however, continue to avoid this just as anyone would who is making a healthy lifestyle change, but it's not easy. It's really hard. I will continue to work hard to make healthy food choices and buy treats for Sylvia and John which I do not like.
Having a Gastric bypass – now my stomach appears to have healed, will not stop me eating bad foods. That is something I will have to do myself. What my bypass will do is limit how much I can eat per meal and I'll never be able to eat and drink at the same time- something I still struggle with.
Now I'm through the pain and the most difficult stages of pureed and soft foods and learning to tolerate food again, the hard part is not being able to eat like normal people. For example going out for a meal. I can eat most of a child's portion or half an adults meal with no room for a drink. It's difficult going to events such as a party. I could only manage one small item compared to a plate full of tasty food. It's something I'm learning to get my head around.
The one thing I can never have- because it could stretch my stomach is fizzy. I was not a fizzy fan anyway but I do like Sloeur and Appetizer at Christmas and to celebrate the New Year and special occasions and I am missing not being able to have that option. I will have to stick to orange juice which I guess is the next best thing.
I'm through the so-called "Honeymoon stage" where the gastric bypass limits so much that you lose a lot of weight. Compared to others I know who have had the surgery, I have not lost as much as one might expect. This is most likely because I am on steroids for life with my adrenal insufficiency but I have lost a lot of weight and am working towards my goal of 15 stone for my 34th birthday.
At 20 weeks I'm weighing 16 Stone and I am so so happy. Who would have thought after all the difficulties and suffering you go through I would be at this point. I have just under 3 months to get to my first big goal of 15 stone.
I've not actually lost any weight in the past two weeks. It's my first stall in a while which is a little tough as I am following the plan I have been given but I'll keep at it and see what happens in the coming weeks.
I'm even considering joining a slimming club to help me with the emotional side of things. Food is for everyone a comfort to some degree and now I could potentially make "unhealthy choices" I will have to work extra hard. I can do this.
You may be interested in reading my Journey: Here are some of my previous posts on Gastric Bypass.
Thanks for the honesty and the hope in your post. So glad you are feeling better and getting back to some kind of normality with the foods you can eat.
That is the trouble with steroid replacement it makes your thyroid less efficient……….. as well as if we don't have it exactly right we are very swollen. Even my always thin father has had to go on 5mg of pred for a medical condition and he has slight swelling in the face and a belly on him now. Still if we get the right balance exactly, being insufficient, we might stop swelling as I know many don't get that effect. Who knows eh?
God bless you in your journey, you are fighting well for what you want.
Ahh! That is great that you are getting back to eating normally….
Thanks. It's tough as the size of food is different and I do have to do protein, veg and fruit before anything else but its a good thing to be able to have more choice for sure!
It's great to hear that you're starting to eat normal foods again! It sounds like you're on the right path with making healthy choices!
Hi, it is good to know i can eat a real meal even if it is tiny in comparison to other family members.
Good to know you are feeling better Angela. I am reducing my carbs too. So hard.
I think cutting out carbs is the hardest thing to do.
It sounds like you are doing really well with it all !
Oh thanks Alica, I am trying really hard and focussing on the protein.
Oh good luck. It is a process but It worth it in the end. I am having a big stall at the moment but hope to lose some more weight soon.
You've worked so hard, but it's good things are settling down a little. I guess stalling on the weight front is annoying.
Thanks Erica. I am waiting for my weight loss to continue and will be patient.


text:
Q.   Synagogues set on fire and businesses demolished?
A.   Yes.  This was during the day even before the
Reichskristallnacht began, the outrages began.
Q.   "The death of the German diplomat vom Rath is reported in
the afternoon.  But now the goose is cooked.  I go to the
party reception in the Old Town Hall.  Colossal activity".
That means at the reception, I take it.  "I brief the
Fuhrer about the matter," what matter?
A.   Can we see the entire passage, please?
Q.   Then I will have to find it.
A.   This is very important and we really have to go over it
line by line.
Q.   Yes, it is terribly important, not from the historical
point of view.  Tab 3, is it?  Tab 3, page ----
MR JUSTICE GRAY:  Tab 3 of what L2?
MR RAMPTON:  Yes, page 1.
A.   Unfortunately, we do not have the first pages of this
diary entry.  Had I known, I would have brought my
transcript of the diary with me.
MR JUSTICE GRAY:  Presumably, this is all in one of the other files?
MR RAMPTON:  No, we have not got it.
A.   Well, I published the Goebbels 1938 diary in a separate
edition before this edition came out.  Of course, I am the
first person to have transcribed these handwritten
diaries, and it is quite plain when you look at these
diaries that this particular day is written up one or two
days later, so it is very difficult to be certain about
the sequence of events.  You have really to ----
MR RAMPTON:  Well, it is pretty clear, is it not, Mr Irving?
A.   Well, if you ----
Q.   What time of the day was the rally or whatever it was in
the old Rathaus, the old Town Hall?
A.   It was a dinner.
Q.   A dinner?
A.   A dinner, yes.
Q.   According to Goebbels, he went with Hitler to the dinner?
Q.   Although Hitler did not stay?
Q.   But they were obviously talking about the violence which
had broken out in different parts of Germany against
Jewish property as they went or when they got there, were
they not?  Look at the text on page ----
A.   I am very clearly looking at the text and I am going to
translate as I go along.  Paragraph -- the first, the
third full paragraph:  "In Kassel", right?
Q.   Yes, please.
A.  "In Kassel and Dessau great demonstrations against the
Jews.  Synagogues are set on fire and the shops are
demolished.  In the afternoon the death of the German
diplomat vom Rath is reported.  Now it is" [something or
other], the word is unplain, illegible, "I go to the party
reception in the old Town Hall.  A lot going on there.
I tell the Fuhrer about it.  I tell -- I report the matter
to the Fuhrer".  It is obviously the fact that vom Rath is
dead.  That is what he has told Hitler about.  The news
has come over the wires, Goebbels is the propaganda
minister and he has passed on to Hitler the fact.
Q.   Read on, Mr Irving, really.
A.   And he says, "Let the demonstrations carry on.  Pull back
the police", yes.
A.   What he has told Hitler about is the death of vom Rath.
Q.   No, Mr Irving, that is a complete, if I may ----
A.   OK, I will take your one, I do not mind.  It makes no
difference either way.  I will take your interpretation.
Q.   What Goebbels done is to tell Hitler, Hitler surely
already knows about the death of vom Rath, after all - ---
A.   Well, you have no evidence for that.
Q.   Well, he sent his personal physician over to Paris to try
to save the man's life, does he not?
A.   But you do not have any evidence for the fact that Hitler
knew when Goebbels went to him -- well, OK, even accept
that, I do not mind.  Let us carry on.
Q.   Look at the thing realistically, Mr Irving.  The news gets
on the public radio by 5 o'clock in the evening.  Are you
telling me that Hitler would not know?  Of course, he knew?
A.   Are you giving evidence that it was on the radio as
opposed to coming over the wires?
Q.   I am just trying to push into the bushes an absurd, off
the cuff answer by you.  I am not going to hold you to it.
A.   It is not off the cuff.  I have researched this matter in
enormous depth.  I am the first person to have transcribed
the Goebbels' diaries on the Kristallnacht.
MR JUSTICE GRAY:  Mr Irving, what does "die angelegenheit"
mean?
A.   The affair, the matter, the business, ras in Latin.
Q.   So that is equivocal?
A.   It could be anything.  It could refer to either thing.
But I do not see that it makes any difference either way
and I am quite happy to accept Mr Rampton's
interpretation.
MR RAMPTON:  Hitler's response is nothing to do with, "Oh,
isn't it awful?  Yes, what a shame it is about vom Rath".
Hitler's response is all to do with the demonstrations
against the Jews and the destruction of their property, is
A.   I am quite happy to accept that.  I do not really see that
it makes any difference what the matter was in this
Q.   Oh, yes, it does because what Hitler says is:  "Let the
demonstrations continue"?
Q.   "Draw back the police, pull out the police"?
A.   "Let the police -- let the Jews have the taste of public
anger", yes.
Q.   That is right, and that may well be Goebbels' (because he
often puts those little words in, does he not)
observation.  You know, do you not (and I am sure you do,
although we do not have find it in your book, I do
not think), in February of the following year, 13th
February or so, the Nazi party judicial system (which is
nothing whatever to do with the official state prosecution
or court service) held some kind of tribunal or enquiry
into what had happened on 9th and 10th November 1938?
A.   Into the excesses committed by Nazi party members, yes,
against the Jews.
Q.   Yes.  How many Nazi party members were actually
prosecuted, fined or imprisoned by the State courts?
A.   Prosecuted or fined or imprisoned?
Q.   Well take them in order, if you like?
A.   I do not know.
Q.   Very few, I suggest.
A.   Well, if that is your evidence, but I do not know either
way -- not without consulting the records.
Q.   Can you look in tab 2 of this document?
A.   They were prosecutions, definitely, for people who had
murdered Jews for ----
A.   --- shall we say -- on one occasion a Jew was murdered
because he was going to give evidence in a libel action,
I believe, and he was prosecuted for it -- the murderer
was prosecuted for it, yes.  Can I look at ----
Q.   This is not the State justice machinery, is it, this party
tribunal or whatever it is?
A.   No, it is not.
Q.   It calls itself "Der Oberste"?
A.   It is the supreme party court.
Q.   Yes, Der Oberste ----
A.   Under Walter Buch.
Q.  --- Parteirichter?
A.   Walter Buch -- B-U-C-H.
Q.   Yes, and this is its report to General Field Marshal
Hermann Goring, is it not?
Q.   If you would like to turn over the page?
A.   What are we looking at?
Q.   I am so sorry.  Are you not in this file?  Tab 2.
A.   Tab 2.
Q.   It is dated 13th February 1939.
Q.   What it says, which is of significance for present
purposes, is to be found on the next page, page 2.  If you
would not mind just translating it?  In the middle of the
page, it says:  "Geheim!  Geheim!" which is "Secret",
presumably, then it says "Bericht" which is "Report on",
and then what is it reporting on?
A.   A report on the episodes and the party court procedures in
connection with the anti-Semitic demonstrations on
November 9th 1938.
Q.   Right.  Now I would like you to read the next paragraph
and down to the line below "seite 2".
A.   Read it?
Q.   I mean translate it for us, please?
A.   "On the evening of 9th November 1938, the Reichs
propaganda director, party member Dr Goebbels, informed
the party members who had met for a comradely evening in
the old Town Hall in Munich that there had been
anti-Jewish demonstrations in the gaus, G-A-U-S, of
Kurhessen and Magdeburg-Anhalt, A-N-H-A-L-T, and that
Jewish shops and synagogues had been smashed -- and the
Jewish shops had been smashed and synagogues had been set
on fire.  The Fuhrer had decided on his briefing that such
demonstrations were not to be prepared by the party, nor
were they to be organized by the party.  In so far as they
occurred spontaneously, they were, however, not to be
opposed or stopped".
Q.   Yes.  Well, now, whereas I suppose you might say that
Dr Goebbels might lie to his diary ----
Q.   --- he is not likely to lie to the Alten Rathaus gathering
of old party comrades, is he?  He is representing to them
what he and Hitler have been discussing and what Hitler
has told him before that dinner which Hitler did not
attend, is he not?
Q.   Do we find that speech by Goebbels at the Alten Rathaus
referred to anywhere by you in your Goebbels book?
A.   I believe that I had the version given by the British
Consul in Munich which he reported to the Foreign Office
and he obtained an account of what Goebbels had said, and
I have referenced that as the source.  Obviously, there is
no transcript of it.
Q.   You see, if Goebbels was telling the truth to the party
court ----
A.   He was not actually one of their witnesses.
Q.   Sorry, no.  If this is an accurate report of what Goebbels
said at the Alten Rathausen on the evening of 9th
November, probably after Hitler had left, why, then, the
idea that Hitler did not know what was going to happen is
absurd, is it not?
A.   We are talking about scale, I think, more than anything
else.  It is quite evident from Goebbels diary that Hitler
had said, "OK, so the Jews are going to have, they are
going to get ruffed up, pull the police back, let it
happen, let the Jews have a taste of the public anger this
time".  But what is evidenced from all the records that
I have seen is that, like a lot of fires, it got out of
hand, and by midnight, so to speak, it was quite plain
that this was turning into an extremely unseemingly pogrom
which in an organised, national Socialist State was
something desired certainly not by Hitler, and in the
following morning not by Goebbels either, because it
reflected badly on them all.
Q.   I am going to ask you look at one sentence in Goebbels on
page 276, your book on Goebbels?
MR JUSTICE GRAY:  Can I just, before you do that, get an
impression of the scale of the problem at it was known to
Hitler.  This document we are looking at is referring to
events in Kurhessen and Magdeburg-Anhalt.  Where are they?
A.   Well, they were provinces in central Germany hundreds of
miles away from Munich, and he is getting reports of a
synagogue set on fire here and the demonstrations there.
Q.   Well, perhaps a bit more than that, but, at any rate,
Jewish businesses being trashed and ----
A.   Elsewhere, certainly not in Munich yet and not all over
Germany, not a huge forest firing spreading with
uncontrollable speed across the country.
MR JUSTICE GRAY:  I just wanted to be clear, thank you.
MR RAMPTON:  Can I just then -- I want to do two things.  One
will need his Lordship's permission, but the first does
not.  Could I ask you to turn to page 276 of Goebbels?
Q.   And look at the last paragraph.  It is precisely because
of what you have just said that I want you to look at
A.   Can I just draw attention to the first sentence of the
full paragraph:  "The pogrom was soon out of control" on
that page.


The sun rising at 06:50 am and setting at 07:14 pm.
The moon, being 68% full, rising at 12:51 pm and setting at 03:48 am. The previous full moon was on Mar 02, 2018 while the next full moon would come on Mar 31, 2018.
Mercury rising at 06:58 am and setting at 08:07 pm with a 6% of surface illuminated. Mercury would be orbiting the Sun at a distance of 0.37 astronomical units (AU) and would be found at a distance of 0.65 astronomical units (AU) from Earth. Given the planet elongation, the observer would see Mercury at an angle of 10° 13' 44.3" with the Sun. The brightness would be 3.14 this day, as measured by the planet magnitude.
You can also see the map of the stars on Sunday March 25, 2018 based on your location and at a specific time.
Venus would rise at 07:37 am and set at 08:45 pm. 94% of Venus would be illuminated by the Sun. Venus distance from the Sun would be 0.72 astronomical units (AU) and its distance from the Earth 1.59 astronomical units (AU). The angular distance in the sky between Venus and the Sun would be 18° 33' 43.7".
Mars would look like 88% full, orbiting the Sun at a distance of 1.54 AU and be at 1.16 AU from Earth. The planet would be seen rising at 02:27 am and setting at 11:37 am. The angular separation of the Sun and the planet, with Earth as the reference point, would be -90° 51' 19.6". The brightness of Mars, that is its magnitude, would be 0.38.
Jupiter's distance from the Sun would be 5.42 AU and 4.69 AU from Planet Earth. Jupiter rising and setting times would be 11:03 pm and 09:03 am respectively. Jupiter would appear with a 99% illuminated fraction of its surface and a magnitude (brightness of the star) of -2.19. Its angular separation between the Sun would be -133° 03' 50.1".
Saturn would rise at 02:37 am and set at 11:58 am, appearing 99% full. The angular separation of Saturn from the Sun, as seen by the observer, would be -87° 12' 29.5", its magnitude 0.51. Saturn would orbit the Sun at a distance of 10.07 astronomical units (AU) and would be located at a distance of 10.06 astronomical units (AU) from Earth.
Uranus would appear 99 full, its brightness being 5.9. It would be seen rising at 07:44 am and setting at 08:57 pm. Uranus would be 19.89 AU far from the Sun and 20.82 AU far from Planet Earth (average distance). The observer, looking up into the sky, would see Uranus with a 20° 54' 32.6" angle of separation from the Sun.
Neptune rising at 06:06 am, and setting at 05:23 pm, its magnitude (the degree of brightness of a star) being 7.96. The difference between the celestial longitude of the Sun and that of Neptune would be -21° 25' 01.6". At 29.94 AU distance from the Sun and at 30.87 AU from Earth, 99 % of Neptune would be illuminated by the Sun.
Pluto would be seen as 99% full and would have an elongation of -74° 52' 39.3". It would orbit the Sun at an average distance of 33.53 astronomical units (AU) and be located at an average distance of 33.78 astronomical units (AU) from Earth. The observer would see Pluto rising at 03:27 am and setting at 12:54 pm, its magnitude (brightness of the star) being 14.33.
Get a FREE Numerology report based on the digits of 25 March 2018!


text:
source setuprc

##############################################################################
## Install necessary packages
##############################################################################

aptitude update
aptitude install -y ubuntu-cloud-keyring
echo deb http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise-updates/havana main >> /etc/apt/sources.list

aptitude update
aptitude -y dist-upgrade
aptitude -y install \
    ntp \
    python-mysqldb \
    python-memcache \
    open-iscsi \
    open-iscsi-utils \
    bridge-utils \
    python-libvirt \
    python-cinderclient \
    nova-api \
    nova-compute \
    nova-compute-kvm \
    nova-network \
    python-keystoneclient

##############################################################################
## Disable IPv6
##############################################################################

echo 'net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf

##############################################################################
## Disable virbr0
##############################################################################

virsh net-autostart default --disable
virsh net-destroy default

##############################################################################
## Make a script to start/stop all services
##############################################################################

/bin/cat << EOF > openstack.sh
#!/bin/bash

NOVA="api compute network"

case "\$1" in
start|restart|status)
	for i in \$NOVA; do
		/sbin/\$1 nova-\$i
	done
	;;
stop)
	for i in \$NOVA; do
		/sbin/stop nova-\$i
	done
	;;
esac
exit 0
EOF
/bin/chmod u+x openstack.sh

##############################################################################
## Modify configuration files of Nova, Glance and Keystone
##############################################################################

CONF=/etc/nova/nova.conf
test -f $CONF.orig || cp $CONF $CONF.orig
/bin/cat << EOF > /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
verbose=True
multi_host=True
allow_admin_api=True
api_paste_config=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini
instances_path=/var/lib/nova/instances
compute_driver=libvirt.LibvirtDriver
rootwrap_config=/etc/nova/rootwrap.conf
send_arp_for_ha=True
ec2_private_dns_show_ip=True
start_guests_on_host_boot=True
resume_guests_state_on_host_boot=True

# LOGGING
logdir=/var/log/nova
state_path=/var/lib/nova
lock_path=/var/lock/nova

# NETWORK
libvirt_use_virtio_for_bridges = True
firewall_driver=nova.virt.libvirt.firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
dhcpbridge_flagfile=/etc/nova/nova.conf
dhcpbridge=/usr/bin/nova-dhcpbridge
public_interface=$PUBLIC_INTERFACE
# FlatDHCPManager
network_manager=nova.network.manager.FlatDHCPManager
flat_interface=$INTERNAL_INTERFACE
flat_network_bridge=br101
# VlanManager
#network_manager=nova.network.manager.VlanManager
#vlan_interface=$INTERNAL_INTERFACE
#vlan_start=101
fixed_range=$FIXED_RANGE
#flat_network_dhcp_start=
#network_size=255
force_dhcp_release = True
flat_injected=false
use_ipv6=false

# VNC
vncserver_proxyclient_address=\$my_ip
vncserver_listen=\$my_ip
keymap=en-us

#scheduler
scheduler_driver=nova.scheduler.filter_scheduler.FilterScheduler

# OBJECT
s3_host=$CONTROLLER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS
use_cow_images=yes

# GLANCE
image_service=nova.image.glance.GlanceImageService
glance_api_servers=$CONTROLLER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS:9292

# RABBIT
rabbit_host=$CONTROLLER_INTERNAL_ADDRESS
rabbit_virtual_host=/nova
rabbit_userid=nova
rabbit_password=$RABBIT_PASS

# DATABASE
sql_connection=mysql://openstack:$MYSQL_PASS@$CONTROLLER_INTERNAL_ADDRESS/nova

#use cinder
enabled_apis=ec2,osapi_compute,metadata
volume_api_class=nova.volume.cinder.API

#keystone
auth_strategy=keystone
keystone_ec2_url=http://$CONTROLLER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS:5000/v2.0/ec2tokens
EOF

CONF=/etc/nova/api-paste.ini
test -f $CONF.orig || cp $CONF $CONF.orig
sed -e "s/^auth_host *=.*/auth_host = $CONTROLLER_ADMIN_ADDRESS/" \
    -e 's/%SERVICE_TENANT_NAME%/service/' \
    -e 's/%SERVICE_USER%/nova/' \
    -e "s/%SERVICE_PASSWORD%/$ADMIN_PASSWORD/" \
    $CONF.orig > $CONF

chown -R nova /etc/nova

##############################################################################
## Start all srevices
##############################################################################

./openstack.sh start
sleep 5

##############################################################################
## Reboot
##############################################################################

echo Done
reboot

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Reliable, durable and tough against harsh climate conditions, our external aluminium louvres will be sure to impress. With the capability of blocking out 85% of solar heat, our external aluminium louvres are second to none within the market today and have become one of the most sought after choices. Take the exterior of your home or office to the next level with our highly visually appealing external aluminium louvres that will add a touch of sophistication to the look and feel instantly. Made using only the highest quality of aluminium, our top range of external aluminium louvres are specifically designed to resist damage that can be potentially caused by high levels of wind, rain and other factors of natural disaster.
Our team of dedicated professionals have several years of industry specific experience and knowledge, therefore are happy to assist you in selecting external aluminium louvres for your specific needs and preferences. Here at Sure Shade, we acknowledge that the exterior of your home or office is just as important as the interior section, which is why our external aluminium louvres are designed to be very visually pleasing and are available in different styles. Take a step in the right direction when you are looking to buy only the finest external aluminium louvres available in the market today with Sure Shade.
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Rotate basic USB. For your convenience blank orders are delivered with separated gift boxes. PVC free. Plastic & Aluminum.
Product Code: 12350607. Categories: USB flash sticks, USB Sticks. Tags: Black Solid, Blue, Bright Red, Lime, Orange, Red, White Solid, Yellow.


text:
Вис — посёлок в муниципальном районе «Сосногорск» городского поселения Сосногорск Республики Коми.

Этимология
Вис – с коми - проток, протока, канал (соединяющий озеро с рекой).

Географическое положение
Посёлок расположен в 43 км по прямой на северо-восток от города Сосногорск и 306 км от Сыктывкара.

Климат
Климат характеризуется как континентальный. Средняя месячная температура самого холодного месяца — января — 16,5-18,0 °C. Средняя месячная температура самого тёплого месяца — июля +15,0-16,0 °C. Абсолютный максимум +35 °C. Продолжительность зимнего периода около 6 месяцев — с середины октября до середины апреля. Устойчивые морозы наступают в начале ноября и прекращаются в конце марта. Максимальная глубина сезонного промерзания грунта — 2 м. Устойчивый снежный покров образуется в последней декаде октября и держится до конца апреля.

Население
Постоянное население 582 чел. (2002), в том числе русские 83 %. В  году —  чел.

Примечания

Населённые пункты муниципального района Сосногорск

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Home 10-50W Mods Smok Mag Baby Kit Review – But is it MAGnificent?
Smok Mag Baby Kit Review – But is it MAGnificent?
The Smok Mag Baby kit is from a brand, who are without a doubt, a HUGE name in the vaping scene and have had their fair share of good and bad devices. I would probably put money on saying that most, if not all vapers have owned or used a Smok device at one point in their vaping journey.
So today we are looking at one of their latest kit combos, The Smok Mag Baby Kit!
The Smok Mag Baby Kit consists of the Smok Mag Baby mod and the TFV12 Baby Prince Tank. It is a scaled down version of the original Smok Mag released last year!
So is the Mag Baby Kit going in the good or bad pile? Find out by reading my review below!
The Mag Baby Mod houses an internal 1600mAh battery and has a maximum output of 50w. It also supports multiple temperature control modes as well as TCR.
The TFV12 Baby Prince Tank is available in a 4.5 or 2ml capacity and comes in 26 and 23mm diameters depending on what version you purchase. Included with the kit you get a Baby Q2 coil as well as a Baby M2 coil.
The Smok Mag Baby Kit currently comes in 9 different colours ranging from black, to purple, to pink along with a matching colour tank, so there should be one to suit most peoples tastes! In this review we will be looking at the silver version of the kit!
This was sent to us for the purposes of review, as always, my opinions are honest and my own.
The drip tip is made from a resin/honeycomb mesh material. It is 510 sized and held into the top fill port with two o-rings located on the drip tip itself.
This is accessed by pushing a button located above the Smok logo. It protrudes from the tank a couple of mm, so you won't miss it at all! Once you've pressed the button, rotate the top cap assembly around and it will reveal the top fill port which is a kidney shaped hole to one side of the chimney.
In my kit I got the 4.5ml bubble glass as well as the standard 2ml glass.
Overall, the construction and look of this tank isn't too bad. My main issue to begin with is the button to unlock the top fill. I just think that it's not needed and the tank would function absolutely fine without it, as did previous versions of the Smok tanks.
At the top of the device we have the 510 connector that is located more in the centre of the device. It has a stainless steel surround that would happily accept larger tanks than the one included. The 510 pin also has a nice amount of throw to it. Working our way to the front of the Mag Baby, we have the 0.96" OLED screen which looks similar, if not, the same as the original Smok Alien screen. It is nice and easy to read in all lighting conditions and is very easy to navigate through the menus using the fire button as well as the + and – buttons located on the side.
On the side of the device, we have the trigger style fire button as well as the + and – buttons. We can also see where the two halves of the mod meet. On my version, they don't meet very well, which is a bit disappointing in all honesty.
The back of the Mag Baby has a small fake carbon fibre insert as well as a USB charge/update port. Above that there is a reset button, just in case you would like to factory reset the device. Next to my charge port there is a small imperfection in the paint. You can't feel it through the clear coat, but there's an obvious mark in the paint below. At the base we have the Mag Baby, CE and bin logos and a couple of screws.
Overall, the Mag Baby Mod is absolutely TINY! The definition of a mini vape mod. It gets lost in your hand if I'm completely honest with you! The paint imperfection and the joins in the two halves were extremely disappointing as said previously. Poorly placed buttons too. The + & – would have been a lot better placed below the screen.
How Does the Smok Mag Baby Kit Perform?
The Smok Q2 Coil has a dual coil and is rated at 0.6 ohms. It has a usage range of 20-50w and is recommend to be best between 30 and 40w. So let's see how it performs throughout the wattage range and see if we can find a sweet spot. All tests will be conducted with the airflow fully open unless stated otherwise.
Slow ramp up, virtually no flavour.
Now the flavour and ramp up time has started to pick up. Still not amazing though.
The flavour is getting better! A lot more vapour production too. I think this is going to be the sweet spot for me!
More or less the same as 40w but with a bit more heat, clouds and a faster ramp up time. Vaping at this wattage for extended periods of time, you'll be draining your battery in no time though.
For me, I find that the sweet spot is around 40w depending on what e-liquid I'm using. You get a nice balance of flavour, clouds and ramp up time.
So, after using this at the sweet spot, with 70/30 e-liquid. I got through about one or two refills of the 4.5ml tank before I started getting a serious degradation of flavour. Disappointing? Yes. Surprising? No.
Smok coils have never really impressed me in the long term in terms of longevity and flavour production, and the TFV12 Baby Prince Tank follows form with previous editions of the tank and produces little to no flavour.
The M2 Coil is a dual coil and is rated at 0.25ohms. It has a usage range of 30-50w. Again, we will be testing with the airflow fully open at all times unless stated otherwise.
The flavour, ramp up and vapour production at this wattage again is extremely poor. Do not vape at this wattage whatsoever.
Again, the flavour is poor, but definitely better than at 30w.
Now we're getting into the 'best' wattage range. The flavour is noticeably better and so is the ramp up and vapour production. But it isn't great.
To be completely honest with you, none of the recommended wattages do it for me. I've had to crank it up to around 54w on another device to get any sort of 'decent' flavour out of this coil. I think it's a mismatched coil to the Mag Baby mod.
Yet AGAIN, another disappointing coil from Smok. About half a tank and the flavour plummeted like a lead balloon.
I have been using the SMOK Mag Baby mod at roughy 40w most of the time and the battery life has been noticeably poor for an internal 1600mAh battery. Could this be a false mAh reading? I'll leave that up to Mooch to decide. I am getting about half of a day MAX before having to charge the device again.
Other than that, I like how easy the menu is to navigate and how clear the screen is. It's definitely reminiscent of the Smok Alien device.
A few things I would like to point out. This mod is suited to left handed vapers. As when you hold it in your right hand with your finger on the trigger, the screen is hidden by your hand. Now I know that Smok released a right-handed version of the original Mag, so will we be expecting a right-handed version of the Baby Mag mod.
I also find that the + and – buttons are in completely the wrong place. I would have much preferred to see them below the screen.
To round things off, I would say that the Smok Mag Baby Kit was a big disappointment for me. I could let the poor tank go, as I have plenty of ADV tanks that I prefer. But, it didn't come as a surprise to me due to my previous experiences with Smok coils.
As for the mod. It functions well, it performs well, but the battery life is a little poor for my liking. I think a 0.5ohm coil rated around 35-40w would have suited this kit a lot better. It would also help the battery life improve too!
A poorly designed and put together device from Smok. Lack of flavour throughout all the wattage ranges, absolutely useless. My opinion - AVOID AT ALL COSTS!


Discussion forum company Reddit issued its transparency report for 2017 during Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg's Senate appearance, saying it had found and banned 944 suspicious accounts associated with Russia's Internet Research Agency.
The update went out during Zuckerberg's five-hour appearance before a joint U.S. Senate committee hearing. Senators grilled him about privacy in the wake of pro-Trump data mining firm Cambridge Analytica's collection of Facebook data on millions of Americans without their knowledge.
CEO Mark Zuckerberg says Facebook has not seen a falloff in usage in light of the Cambridge Analytica scandal.
Zuckerberg had already said last week that the company has not seen any "meaningful impact" from an online campaign to "delete Facebook" or from some high-profile departures, such as Elon Musk's companies pulling their pages from the site.
Tuesday's congressional hearing is the first of two Zuckerberg faces this week to answer questions about Facebook's privacy protections and other issues.
If his notes are any indication, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg expected senators to ask whether he'd resign. His notes acknowledge he's made mistakes and say the company is facing a "big challenge" but will solve this one too.
Zuckerberg's notes were briefly visible to an Associated Press photographer during a hearing Tuesday in which he answered questions about privacy, election interference and other issues.
The bullet-pointed pages include sections on "diversity," ''competition," and GDPR, the European data-privacy rules that go into effect next month. Zuckerberg's notes warn him, "don't say we already do what GDPR requires."
Sen. Richard Blumenthal had a piece of evidence during Tuesday's grilling of Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg.
The former Connecticut attorney general displayed what his staff called a previously undisclosed 2014 agreement in which Facebook granted the researcher at the center of the Cambridge Analytica scandal permission to sell data collected from Facebook users through a survey.
Facebook has claimed it was deceived by the researcher, whose survey was used to collect data on up to 87 million users.
Blumenthal asked if the document violated a 2011 consent decree on improving user privacy that Facebook reached with the Federal Trade Commission.
Zuckerberg said no, but also said the document was "in conflict" with Facebook rules.
Blumenthal decried Facebook's "willfull blindness" and insisted it will only change its ways with strict regulation.
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg is assuring lawmakers he has learned a lot since starting the social network in his Harvard dorm room 14 years ago.
The roughly 2.2 billion people now using Facebook can only hope Zuckerberg's views on personal privacy have changed.
Not long after Zuckerberg started Facebook while he was still 19 years old, he mocked the people entrusting him with their emails, pictures and other sensitive information while instant messaging with a friend. The exchange was obtained and published in 2010 by Business Insider.
After his friends asked him how he obtained so much information about 4,000 people, Zuckerberg said they "trust me" and then described people as "dumb" for doing it, punctuated with a profanity.
Zuckerberg later apologized for the remarks in a 2010 interview with "The New Yorker" and said he had "learned and grown a lot."
Investors are rallying around Facebook as CEO Mark Zuckerberg appears before Congress to answer questions about the social media giant's recent privacy scandal.
Facebook shares rose 4.5 percent to $165.04, their biggest percentage gain in almost two years.
About half the gain came early in the day as the broader market surged on signs of an easing in trade tensions between the U.S. and China. Facebook shares gained further as Zuckerberg took questions from senators seeking an explanation for how Facebook failed to prevent a data-mining company from gathering personal information on 87 million users and whether the company does enough to protect users' data.
Facebook shares are still down about 11 percent since the scandal broke last month due to concerns about stricter regulation of social media companies.
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg says the company wouldn't necessarily know if someone set up a shell corporation to run political ads in the U.S. to skirt the company's verification process.
The company announced recently that it would require political advertisers — and those running so-called political "issue ads" — to verify who they are and that they have a physical address. Facebook would verify this by asking for a government-issued ID and by mailing a special code to the advertiser's physical address to verify it.
Zuckerberg was responding to questions by Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse, a Democrat from Rhode Island, who asked how the company is able to verify the "true beneficiary" of a site that is putting out political material.
Crisis-management experts say the Facebook CEO looks a bit shaky at points but is overall doing a fairly good job on appearing cooperative and forthright.
Mike Chapple, a University of Notre Dame professor, said Zuckerberg was doing a good job overall.
Chapple said: "As far as I can tell the answers he's providing are accurate, he's being upfront about mistakes they've made in past and committed to correcting issues in the future."
But Dartmouth Business Professor Paul Argenti said he sounded "staged and careful."
Argenti said: "He's probably said 15 times, 'I'll have my people get in touch with you.' There's a formality about the way he's presenting himself."
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg says the company is "responsible for the content" on its platform.
That's a departure from how internet companies have traditionally viewed themselves — as neutral platforms generally not responsible for what people post and share on their services.
But Zuckerberg, who is testifying before a rare joint congressional committee on Tuesday, says Facebook needs to take a "broader view" of its responsibility in the world.
He also says that advances in artificial intelligence mean companies like Facebook will have to think about proactively removing objectionable content, for example, not just reactively after someone flags it. This, he says, raises "moral and legal" obligation questions.
Facebook already removes some content, such as suspected terrorist propaganda before anyone sees it. But as its systems improve, it'll likely be able to remove other content too.
Questioning Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg at a Senate hearing Tuesday, the Republican senator and former GOP presidential candidate said that to many people there "appears to be a pervasive pattern of political bias" after some conservative pages were taken down from the platform. In a series of pointed questions, Cruz asked Zuckerberg if he had tracked the political affiliations of his employees.
Zuckerberg said he had not. But he noted that the company is based in left-leaning Silicon Valley, and said "it is a fair concern."
Asked by Senator Lindsey Graham if Facebook has a monopoly, CEO Mark Zuckerberg said it "certainly doesn't feel that way to me."
Zuckerberg is facing 44 senators in a rare joint committee hearing to talk about how his company protects user data and deals with elections meddling, among other issues. He says Facebook has many competitors and demurred at naming just one.
He says Facebook provides a "number of different services" and that the average person uses eight different apps to communicate with friends.
Some critics who say Facebook is too big say it should be forced to spin off apps like WhatsApp and Instagram.
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg is trying to assure U.S. lawmakers who are worried that Russia and other foreign powers will use the social media network to meddle in the upcoming midterm elections.
Testifying for the first time publicly on Capitol Hill, the 33-year-old told lawmakers that 2018 was an "incredibly important year" for elections around the world, including the U.S. , India and Brazil.
He says Facebook has deployed new artificial intelligence tools that do a better job identifying fake accounts. This is intended to help prevent elections interference by foreign actors — something Zuckerberg says is an "arms race."
He's said in the past that the company is in better shape this year than it was in the 2016 U.S. presidential election when Facebook said to be used by Moscow to sow discord among Americans.
Facebook could have artificial intelligence tools within a five to 10 year period that accurately flag hate speech.
CEO Mark Zuckerberg said in a Senate hearing that he is optimistic that in that time period the company will have the tools that can get into "linguistic nuances" of content to be more accurate in flagging posts that use hate speech.
Today, he said, "we're just not there on that."
Zuckerberg is facing 44 senators as part of a rare joint committee hearing to address how his company handles user privacy and other issues.
A former employee of Cambridge Analytica, a London-based data-mining firm with ties to U.S. President Donald Trump, said the company collected the Facebook information of tens of millions of users without their permission. The firm got Facebook information through an app in order to build psychological profiles on a large portion of the U.S. electorate.
Zuckerberg said the company considered the data collection "a closed case" because they thought the data had been deleted. He said they would handle it differently today.
He said the company did not alert the Federal Trade Commission about the data collection.
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg is facing 44 senators as part of a rare joint committee hearing to address how his company handles user privacy and other issues.
Zuckerberg said in his opening statement Tuesday that Facebook didn't do enough to prevent its tools from being used for harm. This, he says, goes for fake news, foreign elections interference, hate speech and data privacy.
Zuckerberg is apologizing, as he has in the past, and says he is "responsible" for what happens on Facebook. Zuckerberg is also reiterating that the company is in the process of investigating apps that had access to user data. He says the company is investigating "many apps," in the tens of thousands.
A person wearing a blue and green pointy wig, aiming to look like a Russian troll, watched from the back of the room as the Senate kicked off its hearing with Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg. The person wore a red and blue Russian flag around his neck.
Other protesters held up signs that said "Stop Corporate Spying."
Judiciary Committee Chairman Chuck Grassley noted that the crowd was not big by the standards of the gargantuan social network platform. But the hearing room was filled, with a line of hundreds of people waited down the hall and into the next office building.
Zuckerberg is testifying in the Senate on Tuesday and the House on Wednesday. He agreed to testify after revelations that Cambridge Analytica, a data-mining firm affiliated with Donald Trump's presidential campaign, gathered personal information from 87 million users to try to influence elections.
Senators are expected to also ask him about Russian interference on his company's platform in the 2016 election.
In testimony released Monday, Zuckerberg apologizes for the privacy scandal and for not recognizing Russian interference sooner.
Facebook recently came out in support of the bill. The company's CEO, Mark Zuckerberg, is testifying before Congress on Tuesday and Wednesday on users' data privacy and other issues, including foreign elections interference.
Google, Facebook and Twitter were questioned last fall about Russian elections meddling through their platforms and all three were asked whether they'd support the bill. Google did not immediately respond to a request for comment on Tuesday afternoon.
A California suit filed Monday seeks a court order to halt what it calls Facebook's unfair and deceptive business practices.
Both are seeking class-action status. Lawyers in the Delaware case say they are aware of about a dozen similar suits. Facebook had no comment, but referred to previous statements that called Cambridge Analytica's actions a breach of trust.
A notification that appeared on Facebook for some users Tuesday told them that "one of your friends" used Facebook to log into a now-banned personality quiz app called "This Is Your Digital Life." The notice says the app misused the information, including public profile, page likes, birthday and current city, by sharing it with the data-mining firm Cambridge Analytica.
As many as 87 million users who might have had their data shared were supposed to get a detailed message on their news feeds starting Monday. Facebook says more than 70 million of the affected users are in the U.S., though there are over a million each in the Philippines, Indonesia and the U.K.
Experts are questioning whether Facebook is fundamentally changing its relationship with users or just tinkering around the edges of its deep need for user data to sell ads.
CEO Mark Zuckerberg is testifying before Congress on Tuesday and Wednesday in the wake of revelations that pro-Donald Trump data-mining firm Cambridge Analytica scooped millions of Facebook users' data without their knowledge.
Researchers say it's unlikely that Facebook will upset its business model, which allows advertisers to precisely target users, even as the company clamps down on the information it passes to app developers.
And Wall Street analysts are counting on Facebook to survive a user revolt, with shares up some 4 percent after a nine-month low hit late last month.
After privately assuring senators that his company will do better, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg is undergoing a two-day congressional inquisition that will be very public — and could be pivotal for his massive company.
Zuckerberg visited with senators in closed-door meetings Monday, previewing the public apology he plans to give Congress on Tuesday after revelations that the data-mining firm Cambridge Analytica gathered personal information from 87 million users to try to influence elections.
Zuckerberg will testify before a joint session of two Senate committees on Tuesday and before a House panel on Wednesday.
In prepared testimony released Monday by the House Energy and Commerce Committee, Zuckerberg apologizes for fake news, hate speech, a lack of data privacy and Russian social media interference in the 2016 elections.


text:
OSTI.GOV Journal Article: Synthesis, structural and optical characterization of undoped, N-doped ZnO and co-doped ZnO thin films
Title: Synthesis, structural and optical characterization of undoped, N-doped ZnO and co-doped ZnO thin films
ZnO, N-doped ZnO and Al-N co-doped ZnO thin films were deposited on ITO coated corning glass by spin coater using sol-gel method. The films were annealed in air at 450°C for one hour. The crystallographic structure and morphology of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. The X-ray diffraction results confirm that the thin films are of wurtzite hexagonal with a very small distortion. The optical properties were investigated by transmission spectra of different films using spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-VIS-NIR 3600). The results indicate that the N doped ZnO thin films have obviously enhanced transmittance in visible region. Moreover, the thickness of the films has strong influences on the optical constants.
Pathak, Trilok Kumar, E-mail: tpathak01@gmail.com; Kumar, R.; Purohit, L. P., E-mail: proflppurohitphys@gmail.com [1]
Semiconductor Research Lab., Department of Physics, Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar (India)
AIP Conference Proceedings
Journal Volume: 1661; Journal Issue: 1; Conference: ICCMP 2014: International Conference on Condensed Matter Physics 2014, Shimla (India), 4-6 Nov 2014; Other Information: (c) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 0094-243X
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; ABSORPTION SPECTRA; ANNEALING; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DOPED MATERIALS; MORPHOLOGY; OPTICAL PROPERTIES; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SOL-GEL PROCESS; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; SYNTHESIS; THIN FILMS; X-RAY DIFFRACTION; ZINC OXIDES
Pathak, Trilok Kumar, E-mail: tpathak01@gmail.com, Kumar, R., and Purohit, L. P., E-mail: proflppurohitphys@gmail.com. Synthesis, structural and optical characterization of undoped, N-doped ZnO and co-doped ZnO thin films. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4915444.
Pathak, Trilok Kumar, E-mail: tpathak01@gmail.com, Kumar, R., & Purohit, L. P., E-mail: proflppurohitphys@gmail.com. Synthesis, structural and optical characterization of undoped, N-doped ZnO and co-doped ZnO thin films. United States. doi:10.1063/1.4915444.
Pathak, Trilok Kumar, E-mail: tpathak01@gmail.com, Kumar, R., and Purohit, L. P., E-mail: proflppurohitphys@gmail.com. Fri . "Synthesis, structural and optical characterization of undoped, N-doped ZnO and co-doped ZnO thin films". United States. doi:10.1063/1.4915444.
title = {Synthesis, structural and optical characterization of undoped, N-doped ZnO and co-doped ZnO thin films},
author = {Pathak, Trilok Kumar, E-mail: tpathak01@gmail.com and Kumar, R. and Purohit, L. P., E-mail: proflppurohitphys@gmail.com},
abstractNote = {ZnO, N-doped ZnO and Al-N co-doped ZnO thin films were deposited on ITO coated corning glass by spin coater using sol-gel method. The films were annealed in air at 450°C for one hour. The crystallographic structure and morphology of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. The X-ray diffraction results confirm that the thin films are of wurtzite hexagonal with a very small distortion. The optical properties were investigated by transmission spectra of different films using spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV-VIS-NIR 3600). The results indicate that the N doped ZnO thin films have obviously enhanced transmittance in visible region. Moreover, the thickness of the films has strong influences on the optical constants.},
journal = {AIP Conference Proceedings},
issn = {0094-243X},
volume = 1661,
Dual acceptor doping and aging effect of p-ZnO:(Na, N) nanorod thin films by spray pyrolysis
Journal Article Swapna, R., E-mail: swapna.ramella@yahoo.com, E-mail: santhoshmc@nitt.edu ; Amiruddin, R., E-mail: swapna.ramella@yahoo.com, E-mail: santhoshmc@nitt.edu ; Santhosh Kumar, M. C., E-mail: swapna.ramella@yahoo.com, E-mail: santhoshmc@nitt.edu - AIP Conference Proceedings
An attempt has been made to realize p-type ZnO by dual acceptor doping (Na-N) into ZnO thin films. Na and N doped ZnO thin films of different concentrations (0 to 8 at.%) have been grown by spray pyrolysis at 623 K. The grown films on glass substrate have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Hall measurement, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Photoluminescence (PL) and Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to validate the p-type conduction. The surface morphology and roughness of the ZnO:(Na, N) films are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. Hall measurement shows that all the filmsmore » exhibit p-type conductivity except for 0 at.% Na-N doped ZnO film. The obtained resistivity (5.60×10{sup −2} Ω cm) and hole concentration (3.15×10{sup 18} cm{sup −3}) for the best dual acceptor doped film is 6 at.%. It has been predicted that (Na{sub Zn}−N{sub O}) acceptor complex is responsible for the p-type conduction. The p-type conductivity of the ZnO:(Na, N) films is stable even after 6 months. The crystallinity of the films has been studied by XRD. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirms the presence of Na and N in 6 at.% ZnO:(Na, N) film. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of ZnO:(Na, N) films show NBE and deep level emissions in the UV and visible regions, respectively. The ZnO:(Na, N) films exhibit a high transmittance about 90% in the visible region.« less
Structural, magnetic and optical properties of a dilute magnetic semiconductor based on Ce{sub 1−x}Co{sub x}O{sub 2} thin film grown on LaAlO{sub 3}
Journal Article Mahmoud, Waleed E., E-mail: w_e_mahmoud@yahoo.com ; Suez Canal University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Ismailia ; Al-Ghamdi, A.A. ; ... - Materials Research Bulletin
Highlights: • Co doped CeO{sub 2} was grown on LaAlO{sub 3} (0 0 1) via a modified sol–gel spin-coating technique. • The concentration of the Co ions was varied from 1 to 15 at.%. • The incorporation of 5 at.% of Mn ions was found to provide formation of exceptionally magnetic moment. • This amount demonstrated a giant magnetic moment of 1.09 μ{sub B}/Co. • This amount reduced the optical band gap and enhanced the optical performance. - Abstract: The enhancement of the room temperature ferromagnetism and optical properties of the dilute magnetic metal oxides is a crucial clue tomore » construct spin-based optoelectronic devices. In this work, Ce{sub 1−x}Co{sub x}O{sub 2} (0.01 ≤ x ≤0.15) thin films were prepared via ethylene glycol modified sol–gel spin coating technique on the LaAlO{sub 3} (0 0 1) substrate to enhance their room temperature ferromagnetism and optical properties. The structures, magnetic and optical properties of the prepared films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, SQUID magnetometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–vis spectrophotometer. The results demonstrated that a single phase cubic structure was formed, implying the substitution of Co ions into the Ce ions sites. The prepared films showed room temperature ferromagnetism with saturation magnetic moment of 1.09 μ{sub B}/Co was achieved for 5 at.% Co-doped CeO{sub 2}. This film exhibited high optical transparency of 85% and low optical band energy gap of 3.39 eV. The improved magnetic and optical properties are argued to the increase of the density of the oxygen vacancies into the cerium oxide crystal structure due to the incorporation of Co ions.« less
Electrical properties of undoped zinc oxide nanostructures at different annealing temperature
Journal Article Nasir, M. F., E-mail: babaibaik2002@yahoo.com ; Zainol, M. N., E-mail: nizarzainol@yahoo.com ; Hannas, M., E-mail: mhannas@gmail.com ; ... - AIP Conference Proceedings
This project has been focused on the electrical and optical properties respectively on the effect of Undoped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films at different annealing temperature which is varied 400 °C, 450 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C.Undoped ZnO solutions were deposited onto the glass substrates using sol-gel spin coating method. This project was involved with three phases, which are thin films preparation, deposition and characterization. The thin films were characterized using Current Voltage (I-V) measurement and UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer for electrical properties and optical properties. The electrical properties show that the resistivity is the lowest at 500 °C which itsmore » resistivity is 5.36 × 10{sup 4} Ωcm{sup −1}. The absorption coefficient spectrum obtained from UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer measurement shows all films exhibit very low absorption in the visible (400-800 nm) and near infrared (NIR) (>800 nm) range but exhibit high absorption in the UV range.« less
Microstructural, optical, and electrical properties of Ni–Al co-doped ZnO films prepared by DC magnetron sputtering
Journal Article Jo, Young Dae ; Hui, K.N. ; Hui, K.S., E-mail: kshui@hanyang.ac.kr ; ... - Materials Research Bulletin
Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Ni–Al co-doped ZnO (NiAl:ZnO) composite thin films were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature. • All films showed a highly preferential (0 0 2) c-axis orientation. • XPS revealed the presence of metallic Ni, NiO, and Ni{sub 2}O{sub 3} states, and Ni atoms were successfully doped in the NiAl:ZnO films. • NiAl:ZnO (3 wt% Ni) film showed the lowest electrical resistivity of 2.59 × 10{sup −3} Ω cm. • Band gap widening (4.18 eV) was observed in the NiAl:ZnO films with 5 wt% Ni. - Abstract: Ni–Al co-doped ZnO (NiAl:ZnO) films with fixedmore » Al content at 2 wt% and different Ni contents (2.5, 3, and 5 wt%) were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering in an argon atmosphere at room temperature. X-ray diffraction revealed that all films showed a highly preferential (0 0 2) c-axis orientation. XPS revealed the presence of metallic Ni, NiO, and Ni{sub 2}O{sub 3} states, and Ni atoms were successfully doped in NiAl:ZnO films, which did not result in a change in ZnO crystal structure and orientation. The electrical resistivity of NiAl:ZnO film was decreased to 2.59 × 10{sup −3} Ω cm at a Ni doping concentration of 3 wt% compared with undoped Al-doped ZnO film (5.58 × 10{sup −3} Ω cm). The mean optical transmittance in the visible range was greater than 80% for all films. Band gap widening (4.18 eV) was observed in the NiAl:ZnO films with 5 wt% Ni, attributed to the Burstein–Moss shift due to the increase of carrier concentration.« less
Magnetic properties of high Li doped ZnO sol–gel thin films
Journal Article Vettumperumal, R. ; Kalyanaraman, S., E-mail: mayura_priya2003@yahoo.co.in ; Santoshkumar, B. ; ... - Materials Research Bulletin
Highlights: • Ferromagnetism in high Li doped ZnO films. • Magnetic properties observed by Guoy's and VSM method. • The rod and wrinkle like structures are observed from the surface of the films. • Band gap of ZnO does not get altered by high Li doping. - Abstract: Undoped and Li doped ZnO thin films were deposited on a glass substrate using the sol–gel dip coating method. The films were prepared at 5 mol.% and 10 mol.% of Li doped ZnO at 550 °C annealing temperature and the deposited films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), microscopic studies, Gouy's method,more » vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and UV–visible spectroscopy. All the deposited thin films had a hexagonal wurtzite structure with polycrystalline grains at random. Primarily magnetic properties of pure and Li doped ZnO films were observed by Guoy's method which depicted Dia and Para magnetic behavior at room temperature. VSM measurement reveals a coercivity of 97.7 Oe in the films. An inverse relative ferromagnetism was perceived in Li doped ZnO films which had an average transmission of <90%.« less


I have similar experience. But have no answers from any user nor from the 'Chief Customer Advocate'. Does Adobe has a tech support tel number? Why can't they print on the box of the Software CD?
Rename the folder "Plugins" to "Plugins_old"


…about Read an Ebook Week.
Here are the links to my books' Smashwords pages.
If you check them out and decide you'd like to take me up on the discounted price, just let me know, and I'll give you a discount code to use.
And remember, this is for one week only…March 7-13, 2010.


Making an international home removal can be a stressful time if you are not properly organised but the rewards can be great. Many people choose to relocate from the UK because another country can offer a better, more relaxed quality of life. That is why so many people choose Belgium over many other countries that Europe has to offer. Belgium is a completely progressive country but one that is at the same time historical and beautiful. There is so much to do in Belgium from eating out at cafes to visiting museums and exploring the outdoors that it is easy to see why it makes such an attractive proposition. Perhaps you want to move to be closer to your friends and family in Europe or perhaps you have had the dream job offer that you simply cannot refuse. Whatever your reasoning for moving from the UK to Belgium you will need the best international home removals company working for you. And that is where Moving Service comes in. We have worked tirelessly for our clients for many years so that they can jet off to their new home and find all of their possessions already there, making an international move a breeze. If you would like to find out what we can do for you then do not hesitate any longer and get in touch with us via phone on 020 8746 4402. We are sure that you will find our rates to be amongst the best around and all of this is coupled with our truly five star home removals service.
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