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The Art & Science of Slicing up a Human Brain
Scientists are using the most-studied brain in history to create a Google Earth for everything inside your head.
By Kat McGowanMay 3, 2010 5:00 AM
The process of preserving H. M.'s brain is illustrated on the following pages of this article.
This article is a sample from DISCOVER's special Brain issue, available only on newsstands through June 28.
There is an art to removing the brain from a human cadaver. The donor should be lying faceup, and you should stand just behind the crown of the head. Carefully cut through the skin to expose the skull. Using a neurosurgery drill with a guard plate, cut the bone all the way around the head, above the ears. (It might help to pretend you are a barber giving a monk his tonsure.) This process, called fenestration, is more precise than using a saw. Out of respect for the donor, you do not want to damage the brain.
Remove the top of the skull. With a small scalpel, carefully detach the cranial nerves, which emerge from the brain and thread their way through the skull to the face. As you gently lift the brain away from the skull with your left hand, cut the spinal cord with your right, releasing the brain from the skull. Once the organ is loose in your hand, you must be exceedingly gentle: At this stage it has the consistency of a ripe peach. Weigh it, then treat it with fixatives to preserve the tissue.
Such is the art practiced by Jacopo Annese, a neuroanatomist at the University of California at San Diego. Annese is one of the world's few experts in dissecting and slicing entire human brains; he has been practicing this craft since 1994. His dream is to create the world's most complete open-access neuroanatomy library, featuring high-resolution digital images of whole human brain slices. Because of his expertise and this ambition, Annese was chosen by a group of researchers to cut, archive, and curate the most famous brain in neuroscience, that of Henry Molaison—better known to students and researchers worldwide as the legendary amnesiac patient "H. M."
By the time he was in his twenties, Molaison was incapacitated by epilepsy. His seizures were so frequent and powerful that he could not work. A surgeon named William Beecher Scoville had done experimental surgeries suggesting that severe epilepsy could be treated by removing the parts of the brain that caused the electrical malfunction. He operated on Molaison in 1953, using a suction device to excise a three-inch segment of the medial temporal lobe on both sides. In doing so, Scoville removed most of his patient's hippocampus, a sea horse–shaped structure that was then thought to be unimportant.
The surgery moderated Molaison's seizures, as intended. But by destroying both sides of the hippocampus, Scoville had unwittingly also destroyed Molaison's ability to form long-term memories. For the rest of his long life, Molaison was marooned in the early 1950s, unable to recollect anything new that happened to him. His memories up to 19 months before the surgery were intact, as were his intellect and personality. From that point on, though, he lived in the present. If you had a conversation with him, walked out of the room, and returned after lunch, he would have forgotten everything you said. He would not even remember having met you.
This terrible fate made Molaison a celebrity among neuroscientists, who referred to him by his initials to maintain his anonymity. Because H. M.'s damage was surgically precise and his deficit so specific, he was a perfect test case for the emerging science of memory. He was the man who made it clear that memories were stored in a specific locale, not distributed throughout the brain. H. M. also revealed the difference between skill memories, like how to ride a bicycle, and memories of events; even though he could not retain new information, he could and did get better at tasks. For 55 years he was studied exhaustively by researchers trying to understand how the brain forms and stores its record of the past. By the time of his death, H. M. had been tested by roughly 100 neuroscientists and mentioned in thousands of scientific papers.
Suzanne Corkin, an MIT neuroscientist who worked with H. M. for decades, realized that because his mind had been so thoroughly studied, his brain had unique value. Other distinctive brains—most notably Einstein's—had been chopped into fragments or lost before they could be studied rigorously. With permission from Molaison's family, Corkin arranged for H. M.'s brain to be archived and studied. She and other neuroscientists nominated Annese, who had the expertise and the passion to carry out the work. In an ordinary autopsy, just a few chunks would be cut from the brain, but Annese was building a Brain Observatory at U.C. San Diego that would allow the whole organ to be processed and then digitally imaged. Although he alone would do the slicing, Annese wanted to proceed in an open way. Before he began, he got input from researchers around the world. Ultimately, he planned to make H. M.'s digitized brain accessible to all.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) collects low-resolution images, making it possible to see the overall structure of an average brain or get a broad sense of how a disease typically affects neural tissue. It is the workhorse of modern neurology. The old-fashioned craft of tissue sectioning, by contrast, is wholly individual and highly intimate. It reveals the innermost details of one particular brain's unique folds and neuronal textures. The H. M. project would allow Annese to spend months working with this one brain, probing the microanatomy that made Molaison who he was. "I'm fascinated by spending so much time with one case," Annese says. "I feel like a watchmaker, doing one very detailed watch."
As soon as H. M. died, in December 2008, Annese jumped on a red-eye flight to Boston, where after many MRIs, he and neuropathologist Matthew Frosch of Massachusetts General Hospital painstakingly removed Molaison's brain from his body and fixed it in formaldehyde. Several months later, Annese brought this precious cargo, packed in a cooler and padded with cotton, back to San Diego. With special security permission, he carried the brain onto the plane; it even got its own seat. Once in Annese's lab, the brain was kept refrigerated under lock and key. A decoy brain labeled "H. M." was placed in a different refrigerator as an added security measure.
During the spring and summer of 2009, Annese and his collaborators tinkered with the equipment needed to dissect H. M.'s neural tissue into precise slices. The basic technique for brain sectioning was developed by the pathologists of the 19th century, but this project posed unique challenges. Off-the-shelf instruments are designed to handle small chunks of tissue, but whole human brains are huge, by the standards of neuroanatomy. The equipment to prepare, freeze, and slice H. M.'s tissue had to be purpose-built to accommodate an organ of such size. The brain needed to be frozen and sliced at –35 degrees Centigrade, and keeping the temperature constant during slicing was a major concern. A too-warm brain could be gouged by the knife; too cold and it could shatter.
Other essential equipment included Webcams and spotlights. In the interest of open science, Annese planned to Webcast the entire sectioning online.
He and his team expected that just a few brain scientists would tune in, but they were wrong. Annese began slicing on Wednesday, December 2, 2009, exactly one year after H. M.'s death. The next morning, when the researchers returned to the lab, thousands of viewers were waiting for them on the Web. Neuroscientists were watching, but so were all kinds of other people, alerted via blog and Twitter posts. Annese wound up slicing from Thursday morning through late Friday night, inspired by a global audience that eventually totaled about 400,000. On Thursday night, he says, "we were right in the middle of the lesion, so we just went on. We would never be able to forgive ourselves if we left the brain unattended and something went wrong." By the end, when the brain was fully sliced, Annese was so disoriented that he got lost trying to leave his own lab.
Most of the 2,401 slices of H. M.'s brain are now floating in a cryogenic solution, sequestered in numbered vials inside a locked freezer at –30ºC. Every 36th section is now being stained with Thionine, which highlights fine anatomical structures by dyeing genetic material in each cell a purplish blue. In the coming months, these dyed slices will be placed one by one under a microscope, scanned, and digitized at such high resolution that each 5 × 7 slide will generate a terabyte of visual data. Finally, a computer will reassemble all of that information into a virtual model of H. M.'s brain.
In H. M.'s final gift to science, his brain will yield the first open-access, high-resolution, three-dimensional atlas of the human brain. Something like a Google Earth for the inside of the human head, the atlas will make it possible for neuroscientists (or anyone else) to inspect large features of neuronal architecture, or tiny details down to the level of the cell. Annese hopes this will open the door to new Web-based neuroanatomy initiatives such as collaborative brain mapping to annotate the images. This particular brain, which has been so thoroughly studied in the behavioral domain, may still have some anatomical surprises in store.
In the long term, Annese plans to create a library of hundreds of sliced brains, some from people who have suffered disease or injury and others from individuals with unique skills. Each will be linked to a scientific or anonymized narrative biography of its former owner, an ultimate portrait of one human being. "I want the library to catalog human variability, putting the 'who' into neuroscience," he says. With a large enough collection, it may be possible to draw parallels between brain microstructures and distinct human skills or behaviors. The Brain Observatory team has sectioned about a dozen brains already, and another handful of donors have already agreed to allow Annese to slice up their brains after their death. He also hopes his collection will grow to include brains whose owners possessed an unusual talent—a musician's, perhaps, or that of someone with synesthesia.
"The idea is that in 5 to 10 years we will have enough cases to look at the microanatomy and solve many questions about human nature, not just about disease," Annese says. "That would be the ultimate legacy of H. M."
Continue to page 2 to see the photo gallery that illustrates the process of preserving H. M.'s brain.
photography by Spencer Lowell | NULL
1. The Soak The first step in preparing for the whole-brain slicing takes months: The organ soaks in formaldehyde until it becomes rubbery. Next it is immersed in a mixture of formaldehyde and sucrose. The sugar enters the cells, where it acts like antifreeze, preventing ice crystals from forming when the brain is later frozen to be cut. This brain belonged to a donor who agreed to have his neural tissue archived.
2. The Set After sucrose fully permeates the brain, it can be set in gelatin. Here, H. M.'s brain sits in its purpose-built mold, which will be filled with liquid gelatin and set in a vacuum chamber. The human brain is heavily crenellated, with intricate topography; embedding it in gelatin helps hold all the parts together when it is mounted on glass. According to neuroanatomist Jacopo Annese, "It's like somebody said: This is a very important old manuscript, and it needs to be preserved. Can you restore this book? Can you tell us what's in these pages?"
3. The Slice Once the gelatin sets, the brain is frozen, mounted on a motorized tissue-slicing device called a microtome, and sliced. In this picture, H. M.'s brain is being sliced in a plane roughly parallel to the face, in the same orientation as an image from a typical brain scan. As the motorized stage moves backward, a razor-sharp blade peels away a 70-micrometer-thick slice of tissue—like prosciutto at the deli counter, only far thinner. Above: Rubber hoses pipe liquid ethanol at –40°C into cuffs that surround the frozen brain, keeping it precisely chilled. As the blade comes all the way forward, Annese gently lifts the gossamer-thin tissue off the blade with a paintbrush and places it into a well filled with a salt-balanced solution. Next, a digital camera photographs the newly exposed surface. In this picture, Annese is slicing another donor's brain.
4. The Section Gauzy sections of brain are laid flat on glass slides the size of a postcard. With gentle strokes of a paintbrush, laboratory assistant Natasha Thomas unfolds one section of a donor brain, nudging its complex geometry into proper orientation. Once the brain tissue dries, it can be stained to reveal neuroanatomical structures. Annese holds a whole-brain slice from another amnesic patient. In a healthy brain, the region he peers through would be solid tissue. The gaps were created by a viral infection that damaged the man's memory. Below: The whole-brain slices in the boxes were treated with a stain that colors cell bodies a deep purplish blue.
5. The Stain This brain section, from another donor, is in the midst of receiving a silver-based stain that darkens myelin, revealing the fibers that connect brain regions. When it is fully "developed," it will be dark, like the slice Annese holds on the previous page. At the microscopic level, the structure of each brain is unique, reflecting the idiosyncrasies of its former owner. Annese aims to compile an extensive library of sectioned brains whose structures document a wide range of human talents. He already has more donors lined up. "The work we're doing glorifies you," Annese says. "It's like a publisher who decides to publish your biography."
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AR/VR Opinion
VR's killer app is wish fulfillment — for me, that's Wipeout
Jeremy Horwitz@horwitz	 April 1, 2018 7:15 AM
Last week, I told the story of how experiencing archery using a virtual reality headset made me a VR believer. Admittedly, I'm a classic early adopter: I owned a Sega Genesis well before Sonic the Hedgehog, picked up a Nintendo GameCube the day of release (in Japan!), and switched to the first-generation iPhone on day one. When I see real potential in a new platform, that's often enough for me to justify a purchase.
Normal people don't work like that. Before they buy a new device, they expect the hardware price to be right, and more than just a couple "pretty good" pieces of software to use with it. History shows that mainstream buyers wait for a "killer" app — something that really shows off the hardware — if not several, so assuming the hardware's price is reasonable, the new platform's sales will spike when that killer app arrives.
Above: The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild.
For Nintendo's Switch, that killer app is The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild. Nintendo knew how amazing it was, and not coincidentally, the publisher timed it to debut alongside the Switch, helping the new console to become the fastest seller in U.S. history. By the time Super Mario Odyssey came out, the Switch had two killer apps, leaving no reason for any Nintendo fan (save price-conscious ones) to wait.
Above: Super Mario Odyssey.
VR headsets have had much steeper hills to climb than the Switch. Until recently, the cost of entry for a VR experience was between $700 and $2,500, depending on whether you wanted a PlayStation VR (PSVR), an Oculus Rift, or an HTC Vive — and how much you were willing to invest to accessories. (PC headsets are more expensive and generally require GPU and/or CPU upgrades, as well as new controllers and sensors.) Over the last several months, VR companies have tried to whittle down their entry costs while improving their technologies, but the overall cost can still be daunting.
Thanks to this week's Sony price cut, however, it's now possible to get a new PSVR and PlayStation 4 setup — including a game or two — for around $600. That's the full end-to-end cost; if you already have a PS4, you can start enjoying VR for $300 since a PSVR headset, camera, and game bundle is the cost of a Switch.
Now that the price is close to "right," Sony still faces the killer-app question: What's the game that's going to win the average person over?
My answer may appear unspecific, but give me a moment to flesh it out: wish fulfillment. VR is all about transporting you to a different place and letting you experience a new environment. Think about the classic Arnold Schwarzenegger movie Total Recall, where busy people purchased memory implants instead of actual vacations. Bringing some customers to VR will involve offering them access to destinations where they can live out fantasies.
Above: Wipeout Omega Collection.
Without exploring the salacious side of that concept, I'll simply say that fantasies are highly personal: One person might want to be a secret agent while another might want to be a doctor and yet, another might want to play beach volleyball with scantily clad partners. I've personally been a racing-game fan for years and have spent a long time waiting to race hovercrafts in a futuristic, immersive world — either Wipeout's or F-Zero GX's. Sony just made it happen first in VR.
Released to coincide with the PSVR price drop, the free VR patch for Wipeout Omega Collection includes everything I have waited years to experience. I can now put on a VR headset and be transported directly into the future envisioned by Psygnosis and The Designers Republic two decades ago — a dream that later Wipeout games and Sony's famous ad for the PlayStation 9 subsequently reinforced. It is, in a word, incredible.
Experiencing a race in stereoscopic 3D with head tracking is a literal game changer. Ships speed by your head rather than just gliding past on the screen, and you can anticipate turns and bumps in the track by looking left, right, up, or down independently of your craft's direction. Elevated power-up and thrust icons now actually stand up on the track in three dimensions. Even the menu UI has been redesigned to feel engrossing, with 3D audio effects that roar and echo in your ears. For me, Wipeout is the killer app VR has needed.
What wish would you like to fulfill with VR? In other words, what killer VR app have you been waiting for?
You might not know the answer yet because you mightn't have been shopping for VR games or watching the release charts. But VR already has full-length killer apps for fans of survival horror (Resident Evil 7), space shooters (Eve: Valkyrie), first-person action (Superhot VR), fantasy role-playing (The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim), and now, futuristic racing (Wipeout). The consistent thread through all of these titles is that they also exist in non-VR versions but are considerably more compelling through a headset.
With those titles in mind, I'll ask again: What's your killer app for VR? What are you waiting for?
If you already have a PlayStation 4, there's no good excuse to keep waiting. The time is now. If not, it's time to start thinking about what it will take before you're willing to make the investment.
Facebook, HTC, Xiaomi, and others are betting that you'll only take the VR leap when you can wear the entire VR setup as a standalone device priced from $200 to $400. Those headsets are here, and more are coming — but the hardware is underpowered, and the software's not going to be great for years. It will be years before standalone VR is as good as PSVR is today.
Now that the killer apps are available to really make great use of VR headsets, my advice is this: don't wait. Give VR a shot now. It's time to see which of your wishes the current technology can fulfill.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Michael O'Neal | From Financial Ruin To Successful Solopreneur (Episode 310)
"You've got to take imperfect action. You literally have to start. It doesn't matter if it's not perfect. It doesn't matter if it crashes and burns." – Michael O'Neal
The Cheat Sheet:
Why he decided to stop trading time for dollars. (15:10)
The business takeaway from the fake orgasm scene in When Harry Met Sally. (26:00)
Why it's important to say "yes" and the lesson he learned from doing so. (42:20)
Why you can't teach hustle. (47:40)
His near-death experience 10 days before he launched his show and why he still launched. (48:40)
What separates the haves from the never will be people? (52:00)
There are times in our lives when we face a challenge, an adversity so daunting we can only cope by going into survival mode. But with time, patience, the right attitude and the proper support, we can take those experiences and propel ourselves into lives we never even dreamed possible.
Here to share his own version of this is Michael O'Neal from The Solopreneur Hour podcast. In episode 310, we talk about how the loss of both of his parents in less than a year devastated and altered his life completely, how that experience led to his commitment to never trade time for dollars again, why it's important to say yes and be open and how to get past the fear of creating a new business and lifestyle of your own.
More About This Show:
In the very early days of the Internet, Michael O'Neal was one of those early adapters. He created and designed web sites and made a good living doing it. Eventually he left the office world and became a freelancer working for himself.
He was so good at what he did that he was courted by a Fortune 500 company. He didn't need the job but talked to them anyway. After receiving a highly lucrative offer, one that was more than he asked for, he went to work for them. The beginning days were fun: kegs and foosball on Fridays but once the start-up was bought out all of that changed. Soon it was meetings and minutes. Within a year, Michael left with a healthy severance package.
About the same time, his father's battle with congestive heart failure took a turn for the worse. Eventually his dad lost that battle and died. Seven months later, Michael's mom passed away from a combination of a broken heart over the loss of her husband and a rare kidney disorder. Losing his father was incredibly sad, but not surprising as he had been battling for 4 years. But the passing of Michael's mom was unexpected and heartbreaking.
Emotionally, Michael was devastated. Financially, he was devastated. His parents' illnesses ate up his 401(k), he lost his home, his cars, his savings, all of it. It was a tremendous burden to bear and in his own words, he simply "muddled" through it.
It wasn't until he was sitting on the couch of a billionaire friend over a year later that he realized he hadn't mourned. He was simply in survival mode. His friend's acknowledgment of this gave him the space to grieve.
Soon he set off on a journey to take his parents' ashes to Europe and give them the trip he had always wanted to give them when they were alive. For four months he traveled and lived in Italy, Belgium, France among other places. And when he returned to the States, he was still dead broke but he was sure of one thing: never again would he be tied to a job or to clients to make a living.
He read a series of books, which he now calls the Sexy Six, that opened his eyes to a new way of living and doing business. He found a network marketing company he believed in, a company that became a new family for him and he quickly built a successful business with them through his own proven social media tactics.
From that success, he developed a course on social media to teach other network marketers and solopreneurs how to do the same. That course led to a gig producing the popular podcast, The Kick-Ass Life with David Wood.
And that podcast led to Michael's own show, The Solopreneur Hour. Today he is the head honcho at The Solopreneur Hour, a podcast that produces a six-figure income for him and has grown to over 1.5 million downloads in its first year. On the show, he interviews successful solopreneurs on what they did from the time they became unemployable to their present day success. I've appeared on the show as has Michael Gerber, Pat Flynn, Chris Ducker and numerous others.
Michael and I get into tons more valuable content on what it means to be a solopreneur, the steps he recommends someone take to get started and why taking action is so important. He was a great guest and I enjoyed having him on the show, I hope you dig this episode too. Thanks for listening and we'll see you next time.
THANKS MICHAEL!
in Business, Connecting, General, Podcast, Podcasts


It was my friend Cari's birthday earlier in the month, but I've only just seen her so it is safe to post this up now.
This is another "Tea for Two" creation - you'll have noticed that I've used this a lot in the last couple of weeks; it is so versatile and shows how a pack of paper from Stampin' Up! lasts (what seems like) forever!
Stamp sets: N/a - no stamping whatsoever in this card!


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Jimmy Butler seeing double as Heat faced with new challenge. But Butler out vs. depleted Celtics
Jimmy Butler is in his fourth season with the Miami Heat, and he has been at the center of everything the team has done since he arrived. So it's not often that the Heat and Butler are faced with a new challenge to solve this late into their partnership.
But that's exactly what has popped up after two straight teams consistently sent double teams at Butler.
The Dallas Mavericks started the trend in Friday's win against the Heat, as Butler drew a second defender whenever he got near the paint. That plan helped to throw off Butler and rest of the offense, with Butler finishing that game with just 12 points on 3-of-7 shooting from the field and one assist as the heat lost by 25 points.
It didn't take long for the Heat to see that type of defense again, with the New Orleans Pelicans deciding to try what worked against Butler two days before in Dallas. The Pelicans sent a double-team at Butler whenever he tried to post up on Sunday, but this time the Heat was a little better prepared as Butler scored a team-high 13 points in the second half despite the team struggling to generate efficient offense with 22 turnovers in the four-point win.
"It was certainly better than Dallas," coach Erik Spoelstra said ahead of Tuesday night's home game against the Boston Celtics when asked how he felt the Heat handled the double-teams in Sunday's matchup against the Pelicans. "And good. We're going to see this a lot more and we're just going to continue to get better at it. … We've gotten a lot of mileage out of his post ups and isos, and they've been so efficient. Of course, teams are going to start to take that away. Already I saw progress in a matter of 24 hours."
It's a tactic that hasn't been used on Butler much in recent seasons.
Butler has drawn a second defender on about 9.7 percent of his isolation possessions this season, according to Synergy Sports. He has been double-teamed on 7.2 percent of his post-ups, where he has seen a hard double just 3.6 percent of the time.
Last regular season, Butler was double teamed on 7.5 percent of his isolation possessions and 6.7 percent of his post ups.
While Heat forward Caleb Martin is somewhat surprised teams didn't try this strategy sooner, he added that "it's also smart not to [double Butler] because he's such a smart player with a high IQ."
"He's going to make the right plays, and he's going to know how to manipulate the double-team and he's going to get guys in foul trouble with who is running after him," Martin said. "He understands that if there's two on him, there's somebody open. So he just knows how to play the game. So it's kind of a pick your poison type thing."
After the Mavericks doubled Butler whenever he had the ball below the free-throw line on Friday, the Heat spent part of its pregame walkthrough session ahead of Sunday's matchup against the Pelicans working through different counters to the coverage only to see it again a few hours later from New Orleans' defense.
"I think we definitely worked on how to manipulate the double-team, and I think these were two good games to really see it in action, and for us to kind of adjust," Martin said. "We made pretty good adjustments in walk through and I think we'll only get better at it, because in the second half of the season he's only going to continue to get doubled."
Some of those adjustments were on display in the second half of Sunday's win.
Instead of setting up in the post where the Pelicans were consistently doubling him, Butler instead started most of his drives from behind the three-point line to avoid the second defender and also generated a few looks around the rim by working off the ball. He also was quick to attack, getting into the paint on a few catch-and-go drives before the double-team could arrive.
"I think it's something that we're going to continue to see," Heat guard Kyle Lowry said. "I mean he's one of the most dominant basketball players in our league, and teams aren't going to let him play 1-on-1. But I think we made good adjustments. Once you start making some shots and get to your right spots, things kind of opened up a little bit."
Improved three-point shooting from the Heat would also help combat the extra attention on Butler, with one player usually open for a three-pointer on the back end of the double-team if the ball movement is sharp.
"If they're doubling, they're going to run out of guys eventually if we just get somebody to the middle and we move how we're supposed to move, they'll run out of guys," Martin said. "It's 4 on 5."
The two teams that doubled Butler in recent days were from the Western Conference. It remains to be seen if more teams will copy that strategy and use it against the Heat moving forward, with Eastern Conference teams potentially saving that look for a possible playoff matchup down the road.
But the Heat knows how it can stop it from becoming a more frequent occurrence.
"Once we beat it, they probably won't do it anymore," heat guard Tyler Herro said.
BUTLER-LESS HEAT TO FACE SHORT-HANDED CELTICS
The Heat ruled out Nikola Jovic (lower back stress reaction), Duncan Robinson (finger surgery) and Omer Yurtseven (ankle surgery) for Tuesday's game against the Celtics.
And just about an hour before tipoff, the Heat also ruled out Butler because of lower back tightness sustained during pregame warmups. Butler is averaging a team-high in points (21.6 per game) and steals (2.1 per game) this season.
Tuesday marks the 15th game that Butler has missed this season and the first game he has missed since Dec. 31
Meanwhile, the Celtics will be without three starters on Tuesday against the Heat.
After falling to the Magic in Orlando on Monday, the Celtics ruled out starters Jaylen Brown (right adductor injury management), Al Horford (low back stiffness) and Marcus Smart (right ankle sprain) on the second night of their back-to-back. The only regular Boston starters available against the Heat are Jayson Tatum and Derrick White.
The Celtics will also be without Malcolm Brogdon (personal reasons) and Danilo Gallinari (left knee ACL repair) for Tuesday's game in Miami.
"Today we just played normally as if everyone was playing," Herro said Tuesday morning when asked about the possibility of facing a short-handed Celtics team before Boston's injury report was released. "You want to prepare for the best players and the guys that are in the lineup normally. And then if they don't play tonight, we'll adjust to that."
crimeMurdersex assaultviolent crime
SunRunner expansion? A new bus stop could be coming to St Pete Pier
Wave of Rural Nursing Home Closures Grows Amid Staffing Crunch


WAITE Peter Peter's family would like to thank relatives, friends and neighbours for their many and overwhelming kind expressions of sympathy, Mass cards and cards of condolence, received in their bereavement of Peter. Thanks to Father Owens and Father Nealon, and the many relatives and friends who attended the funeral on Tuesday, and made generous donations to the Alzheimer's Society. Thanks also to the team at Sunshine Care, the doctors and staff at Queensbury Health Centre, B.R.I..Ward 31 and the staff of Park House nursing home, all of whom cared for and attended Peter in his final illness. Finally, thanks to H.Bates Funeral Directors for their professional service.


These are considered to be the most serious types of crimes against a person.
Anyone who commits murder, attempted murder or manslaughter can be sentenced to life in prison. However, courts can decide on a shorter prison term.
Murder—also called homicide—is the wilful killing of a person with intent to kill or cause grievous bodily harm. However, it does not include dangerous driving causing death—the unlawful killing of a person as a result of dangerous or negligent driving without intent to kill. This is a different offence and has a maximum penalty of 14 years in prison.
If a person has a previous murder conviction or has been found guilty of multiple murders the minimum sentence is 30 years in prison.
If a person knowingly murders a police officer the minimum sentence is 25 years in prison.
Murder is not common in Queensland and crime statistics show it is not increasing.
As well as murder, a person can be charged with being an accessory after the fact. The maximum penalty is life in prison. Conspiracy to murder has a maximum penalty of 14 years and threats to murder (written in a document) 7 years .
Attempted murder is the attempt to unlawfully kill another person by any means, act or omission.
Manslaughter is the unlawful killing of a person without intent to kill, usually as a result of a careless, reckless, or negligent act.
Manslaughter also includes the intentional killing of a person under extreme provocation or when a person's state of mind impairs their capacity to understand or to control their actions—this is sometimes called diminished responsibility.


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Quinoline Alkaloids
epharmacognosy 7/10/2012 11:04:00 PM
2.2.2 Quinoline Alkaloids
In general, the alkaloids containing essentially the 'quinoline' nucleus include a series of alkaloids obtained exclusively from the cinchona bark, the major members of this particular group are, namely: quinine, quinidine, cinchonine and cinchonidine. Interestingly, more than twenty five alkaloids have been isolated and characterized either from the Yellow Cinchona i.e., Cinchona calisaya Wedd. and Cinchona ledgeriana Moens ex Trimen, or from the Red Cinchona i.e., Cinchona succirubra Pavon ex Klotzsch (Family: Rubiaceae). The aforesaid alkaloids are also found in their hybrids as well as in the Cuprea Bark obtained from Remijia pedunculata and Remijia purdieana belonging to the natural order Rubiaceae.
However, it has been revealed that an average commercial yield of the cinchona alkaloids in the dry bark materials from the said plant materials are as follows: quinine (5.7%); quinidine (0.1-0.3%); cinchonine and cinchonidine (0.2-0.4%). Nevertheless, the other closely related minor alkaloids are present in relatively smaller quantities.
Basic Structures of Cinchona Alkaloids The various quinoline alkaloids, which possess potent medicinal activities are, namely: quinine, quinidine, cinchonine, and cinchonidine. It is interesting to observe that these alkaloids not only have a closely related structure but also similar medicinal characteristics. These alkaloids possess the basic skeleton of 9'-rubanol that is derived from the parent compound known as ruban. Thus, ruban is obtained from the combination of two distinct heterocyclic nuclii, namely: (a) 4-methyl quinoline nucleus, and (b) quinuclidine nucleus. However, this particular nomenclature was suggested by Rabe so as to simplify the naming of such compounds and also to signify its origin from the natural order Rubiaceae.
In this context, a few important drugs belonging to the quinoline alkaloids shall now be discussed in the sections that follows:
A. Quinine
Biological Sources It is obtained from the bark of Cinchona calisaya Wedd; Cinchona ledgeriana Moens ex Trimen; Cinchona officinalis Linn. f.; Cinchona robusta How; and Cinchona succirubra Pavon ex Klotzsch belonging to family Rubiaceae.
(8α, 9R)-6'-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol, (C20H24N2O2).
Isolation The schematic method of isolation of the Cinchona Alkaloids in general and that of quinine in particular has been provided in the following Flow-chart in a sequential manner. Hence, this particular flow-chart also includes the method of isolation of other important members of this group i.e., quinidine, cinchonine and cinchonidine as given under.
1. Bisulphates of cinchona as alkaloids [B.H2SO4] are readily soluble in water.
2. Quinine sulphate [Br.H2SO4] is sparingly soluble in water [1:720].
3. Cinchonine is practically insoluble in ether.
4. Tartrates of Quinine and Cinchonidine are insoluble, whereas the tartrates of Cinchonine and Quinidine are soluble in water.
1. The orthorhombic needles obtained from absolute ethanol are triboluminescent and having mp 177°C (with some decomposition).
2. It sublimes in high vacuum at 170-180°C.
3. Its specific rotation is [α ]D15 -169o (C = 2 in 97% ethanol); α ]D17 -117o (C = 1.5 in chloroform); and [α ]D15 -285o (C = 0.4 M in 0.1 N H2SO4).
4. Its dissociation constant pK1 (18°) is 5.07 and pK2 9.7.
5. Neutral Salt of Quinine [(B)2.H2SO4.8H2O]: It is formed by neutralization from boiling water, which is sparingly soluble in water (viz., 1 in 720 at 25°C). The octahydrate neutral salts of quinine undergoes efflorescence on being exposed to air and gets converted to the corresponding dihydrate salt which is more stable.
6. Acid Sulphate of Quinine [(B).H2SO4.7H2O]: The quinine bisulphate is soluble in water (1 in 8.5 at 25°C) and in ethanol (1 in 18). The aqueous solution is acidic to litmus.
7. Tetrasulphate Salt of Quinine [(B)2.2H2SO4.7H2O]: The tetrasulphate salt of quinine is very soluble in water.
Identification Tests
1. Fluorescence Test: Quinine gives a distinct and strong blue fluorescence when treated with an oxygenated acid, such as: acetic acid, sulphuric acid. This test is very marked and pronounced even to a few mg concentration of quinine.
Note: The hydrochloride and hydroiodide salts of quinine do not respond to this fluorescence test.
2. Thalleioquin Test: Add to 2-3 ml of a weakly acidic solution of a quinine salt a few drops of bromine-water followed by 0.5 ml of strong ammonia solution, a distinct and characteristic emerald green colour is produced. The coloured product is termed as thalleioquin, the chemical composition of which is yet to be established. This test is so sensitive that quinine may be detected to a concentration as low as 0.005%.
Notes: Quinidine and cupreine (a Remijia alkaloid) give also a positive response to this test; but cinchoninine and cinchonidine give a negative test.
3. Erythroquinine Test (or Rosequin Test): Add to a solution of quinine in dilute acetic acid 1-2 drops of bromine water, a drop of a solution of potassium ferrocyanide [K4(FeCN)6] (10% w/v), and to it add a drop of strong ammonia solution, the solution turns red instantly. In case, it is shaken immediately with 1 ml of chloroform, the red colour is taken up by the chloroform layer.
4. Herpathite Test: To a boiling mixture containing 0.25 g of quinine in 7.5 ml glacial acetic acid, 3 ml ethanol (90% v/v), 5 drops of conc. sulphuric acid and add to it 3.5 ml of 1% iodine solution in ethanol, the appearance of crystals of iodosulphate of quinine (i.e., sulphate of iodo-quinine)-is known as Herpathite after the name of its discoverer. It has the chemical composition [(B4).3H2SO4.2HI.I4.3H2O] which separates out as crystals (on cooling), having a metallic lustre that appears dark green in reflected light and olive green in transmitted light.
1. It is used as a flavour in carbonated beverages.
2. It is widely used as an antimalarial agent in tropical countries.
3. It is employed as a skeletal muscle relaxant.
Biosynthesis of Quinine The various steps whereby Coryanthe-type indole alkaloids are converted to quinoline derivatives have not yet been elucidated and hence established. Therefore, only a partial biosynthetic pathway may be written for quinine as given under.
B. Cinchonine
Biological Source Cinchonine is obtained from a variety of cinchona bark, especially in the bark of Cinchona micrantha R. and P. belonging to family Rubiaceae.
Chemical Structure Please see structure under Section 7.2.2.2, (9S-Cinchonan-9-ol) (C19H22N2O).
Isolation It has already been described under quinine Section 'A' above.
1. Its prisms, needles are obtained from ether and ethanol having mp 265°C.
2. It begins to sublime at 220°C.
3. Its specific rotation is [α]D +229° (in ethanol).
4. One gramme of it dissolves in 60 ml ethanol, 25 ml boiling ethanol, 110 ml chloroform and 500ml ether. It is practically insoluble in water.
1. Cinchonine dihydrochloride (C19H22N2O.HCl): It is white or faintly yellow crystals or crystalline powder. It is freely soluble in water and ethanol.
2. Cinchonine hydrochloride dihydrate (C19H22N2O.HCl.2H2O): It is obtained as fine crystals having mp when anhydrous 215°C with decomposition. One g dissolves in 20 ml of water, 3.5ml of boiling water, 1.5 ml of ethanol, 20 ml of chloroform and slightly soluble in ether.
3. Cinchonine sulphate dihydrate [(C19H27N2O)2.H2SO4.2H2O)]: It occurs as lustrous, very brittle crystals having mp 198°C (when anhydrous). One g dissolves in 65 ml of water, 30 ml of hot water, 12.5 ml of ethanol, 7 ml of hot ethanol, 47 ml of chloroform and slightly soluble in ether.


FACE the profession is a workshop specially designed by Tor Torre, a make-up artist schooled and trained in London and New York that will teach you the skills and dynamics of professional make-up artistry. Learn the skills of corrective make-up application as you develop the eye for detail required for beauty make-up for film, television, print photography and weddings. You will be taught facial contouring using highlights and shadows, correction and concealing techniques, foundation base matching, eye and lip treatments, and the proper use of color. In this creative experience, you will complete projects that range from natural "no-make-up" make-up look to glamour, avant-garde and period looks.
This workshop will teach aspiring makeup artists the fundamental techniques and the necessary skills in makeup application to becoming an effective professional makeup artist.
Proper skin care and preparation.
Different treatments for the common eye shapes.
The correct color approach for lip treatments.
Day 6 to 10 will be a more creative expression of makeup artistry using the techniques learned during the past week.
Fashion / Glamour make-up artistry.
Character / Minor Effects make-up Artistry.
Classes start at 8 in the morning.
Class hours range between 6 to 8 hours depending on the lesson for the day.
There will be discussions before the start of the practical application of makeup.
There will be activity sheets that will be handed out for specific activities.
There will be activities that will reflect real life situations.
There will be demonstrations for specific lessons.
Classes are done using the "buddy" system. This ensures that the students will learn from each other. This ensures the students to build respect and rapport with each other that can continue once the workshop has ended.
Media and book references will be made available..
Once registration and payment is complete, a list of requirements for the workshop is given.
There will be some materials that the Tor will allow the students to be used for specific activities. It will be the sole responsibility of the student to purchase the necessary materials to be used for class and for his/her future career.
It is ideal that the student will visit "FACE the studio" (click to see photos) to see the workspace.
To enroll, they are required to fill up a registration form available at "FACE the studio".
If you wish to visit the studio, please contact Tor at the number given below.
Payments made in cash or checks are accepted.
It is only when payment is made that a student secures a slot for the workshop.
Php 25,000.00 for the entire 10 day workshop.
First Batch for "Face the profession" workshop Starts on Friday, 3rd of October 2014 and ends on the 24th of October 2014. Frequency of Classes is three times a week every Monday, Wednesday and Friday or other wise indicated in class.


text:
Q: PHP user management with user profiles, credit system for user group to view profiles I've been asked to do a project for someone and they are on a low budget, so I was hoping to maybe find a script online that I can work with, but not being able to so I thought I'd ask around. This is what it is needs to do in a but shell:

*

*Will have user profile pages for customers

*User group for agent login whom can credit account for credits, and those credits can be used to view details from a specied user profile

*Guess need to set packages for credits, such as $150 for 100 credits, cost to view profile information will cost 1 credit and when runs out they have to top up

Something along those lines...
Is there something that can do that? Of course, it will need an administration area to manage it.
If possible, PHP and MySQL based.

A: One place you could start is http://www.webintersect.com/. It's under the GNU GPL. It might give you an idea of where to begin.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Tag: heating
More than half the houses in the U.S. were built before 1970. (Photo courtesy of the National Renewable Energy Laborator)
Reducing your carbon footprint
by using less energy can cost
money. Efficient cars, energy
efficient homes, and energy-saving
appliances all take money. That's
why some states are testing whether
homeowners would be willing
to borrow money to upgrade their
homes and, in turn, save a few
bucks in energy costs. In one
state, the plan is to get private
banks and credit unions to finance
energy efficiency. Peter Payette reports:
https://environmentreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/feature_payette_021710.mp3
When you hear green building, you might think of a fancy new house with solar panels. But most homes are not new, so reducing the amount of energy communities use means doing something about old houses.
Max Strickland owns a business in Michigan that certifies green homes and buildings. He says more than half the houses in the U.S. were built before 1970.
"We had very little energy code requirements previous to that."
But upgrades cost money that many homes owners don't always have. And a lot of people saw whatever equity they had in their house disappear during the past couple of years.
Now, the State of Michigan is trying to help people find the money to make their homes more energy efficient. The program is called Michigan Saves. The state launched the pilot project in a rural area of the state. The pilot is a collaboration of a local credit union, an electric cooperative and a building supply company.
Borrowers will have their new payment tacked onto their monthly utility bill.
Trevor Williams is with Brown Lumber, the building supply company involved in the pilot. Williams says it's likely most of the improvements will be in heating costs. He says to begin with, home owners will be encouraged to have an energy audit.
"The audit it would say things that need to be done, the top three things that are recommended. Furnace replacement, ceiling ducts and weatherizing the house those going to be the three most common items."
But homeowners can also borrow money for new energy efficient appliances like refrigerators and hot water heaters. Sometimes loans like this are promoted as immediately paying for themselves. That is, it's suggested the money you save on your utility bills will fully cover your new payment. That's not necessarily the case.
Marc McKeller is with Members Credit Union which is financing the project. He says after a few years, people will be able to break even on the costs. Government tax incentives and other rebates will help that happen. But McKellar says people shouldn't expect to take out a loan, retrofit their house and not have more to pay each month.
"The only way it could be was if a government was to give zero percent loans out and that they received tremendous rebates from the utilities and that they received a tremendous government credit."
But, McKellar says it's still a good deal. The interest rate for project's loans will be a little bit better because the state is backing the loans.
And tight credit means not many banks are loaning people money to make their house energy efficient and not many people are putting money into a home that's lost value because of the housing market bust. That's one of the reasons they need to run a pilot project.
"They're trying to determine through this study, how do you get a consumer to actually do this and what are the benefits?"
The directors of Michigan Saves hope to roll out a statewide program later this year. So far no banks have agreed to participate but there are other credit unions interested in the concept.
For The Environment Report, I'm Peter Payette.
Michigan Saves
Information from the State of Michigan
More information about the program
Author Peter PayettePosted on February 17, 2010 Categories FeaturesTags appliance, appliances, bank, banks, bill, bills, consumer, consumers, cooling, credit, efficiency, efficient, energy, heat, heating, home, homeowner, homeowners, homes, house, houses, loan, loans, michigan, money, moneys, paying, payment, payments, purchase, purchased, purchasing, union, unions, utilities, utility
Biofuels in Europe: Part 3
Jühnde's biomass power plant runs 24/7 and gets fed manure and grains every day. (Photo by Sadie Babits)
Gerd Paffenholz is retired and now volunteers to take thousands of visitors through Jühnde each year to see the biomass plant on the edge of town.(Photo by Sadie Babits)
Paffenholz holds a handful of stillage – raw material from grains – that gets fed into the biomass plant every day.(Photo by Sadie Babits)
Jühnde dairy farmer Karsten Harrihausen supplies cattle manure for the village's biomass plant which generates electricity and heats water to warm homes. (Photo by Sadie Babits)
People fed up with hearing
about an energy crisis talk
about going off the grid.
In the US, the solution is
to install solar panels on
your roof or put up a wind
turbine. But a village in
Germany has taken a different
approach. In the final part
of our three-part series on
biofuels in Europe, Sadie
Babits explains:
https://environmentreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/feature_babits_021210.mp3
The village of Juhnde sits between rolling farmland and woods. The first buildings went up more than a thousand years ago. It looks like a lot of German villages – narrow streets, terra cotta roofs, and a towering church steeple. But talk to anyone here and they'll tell you Juhnde is no ordinary town. It's the first community in Germany to be powered and heated by cow manure and grain.
"This is the biogas power station on this side."
That's Gerd Paffenholz. He's lived here in Juhnde for 20 years. He volunteers to show visitors, like me, the village's bio-energy plant.
"This is the wood heating system and what you don't see is the network that deliver the hot water in the ground."
Paffenholz stands on top of an underground storage tank. The liquid manure in here gets pumped over to a massive green tank. That's the anerobic digester. There, micro-organisms have a hay day eating manure and grains supplied by farmers in Juhnde. The bacteria create biogas, which then gets combusted into heat and electricity. It's pretty silent outside the power station but open the door…
(engine sound)
That's the sound of 700 kilowatts of power being generated. The electricity gets sent to the public network. It provides this village of 750 people with renewable power. There's an added bonus – energy that's normally lost while making biogas gets captured and is used to heat water. That hot water gets delivered through a series of underground pipes to heat most of the homes in Juhnde.
The village's bioenergy plant went live five years ago. The price tag? Nearly 8 million dollars. The money came through a government grant and from residents who each ponied up thousands of dollars to join the plant cooperative. The village has also cut its greenhouse gas emissions in half already meeting targets set by the European Union for 2050.
"It shows you what some wise investments and collective thinking can make happen."
That's Jim McMillan. He researches biofuels at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Boulder, Colorado. He says Juhnde has created an attractive model that could work in the Northern US and Canada where people are more remote and winters are long and hard.
"It's a good model but Europe, I mean, they're built out much more than we are and they are doing a lot more in building. They're density of building, the size of their square foot of their homes are much more right size and so these solutions are easier to implement there than they are here I mean we have a lot more big homes that require a lot more heat."
Our attitudes are different too. It took several years to get Juhnde's residents to buy into the idea of going off the grid but now most everyone is on board. Here in the U.S. we're a lot more individualistic. But McMillan still sees a lot of promise in what Juhnde accomplished.
"So one village is a good example but we need to apply it across the board."
Other villages in Germany are building bio energy plants. In the U.S. a few towns are attempting parts of Juhnde's efforts. Reynolds, Indiana replaced the town's vehicle fleet with cars and trucks that run on bio fuel. It's now working with a company to turn algae into power. And in Grand Marais, Minnesota, they want to build a central heating system for the town that burns wood chips from the local saw mill.
For The Environment Report, I'm Sadie Babits.
Wikipedia's page on renewable energy in Germany
Author Sadie BabitsPosted on February 12, 2010 Categories FeaturesTags biodiesel, bioenergy, biofuel, biofuels, biomass, electric, electricity, energy, ethanol, europe, fuel, fuels, germany, grain, grains, heat, heated, heating, heats, home, homes, house, houses, manure, plant, plants, power, powered, powers
Shutting Off the Heat
Four million homes had their heat or power turned off this year. (Photo by Elizabeth A. Sellers, courtesy of the National Biological Information Infrastructure)
Millions of families had their heat
or electricity shut off this year.
Rebecca Williams reports that happened
even though government assistance
for energy bills doubled:
https://environmentreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/spot_williams_122909.mp3
Record numbers of Americans are having trouble paying their heating or power bills.
Mark Wolfe is with the National Energy Assistance Directors' Association. He represents the state agencies that help people pay their energy bills.
He says when families use up their allotment of energy assistance, things can get tough.
"It's pretty awful – they go to payday lenders, pay high interest rates to get extra money, they borrow from relatives, they cut back on medicine, they turn the heat down to dangerous levels. These are families that've already gone from steak to chicken to rice. They don't have a lot of choices."
Four million homes had their heat or power turned off this year.
Wolfe says unless the economy improves next year, the number of families needing help with their bills could be even greater.
Info from the National Energy Assistance Directors' Association
'Hard Times And Heating Homes' from TER
Author Rebecca WilliamsPosted on December 29, 2009 Categories News SpotsTags assistance, bills, electric, electricity, energy, government, heat, heating, home, homes, house, houses, money, poverty, program, programs, utilities, utility, welfare
Interview: Doctors Call for Cleaner Coal
Dr. Alan Lockwood is a Professor of Neurology and Nuclear Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY (Photo courtesy of the Physicians for Social Responsibility)
A group of doctors, Physicians for
Social Responsibility, has issued a
new report called "Coal's Assault On
Human Health." It explains the
health impacts of burning coal, but
it goes beyond that. Lester Graham
caught up with the principle author
of the report – Dr. Alan Lockwood.
Lockwood is a professor of neurology
and nuclear medicine at the University
of Buffalo. He says their report also
looked at the possible health effects
of climate change:
Dr. Alan Lockwood: Well, first of all, it would change the temperature. So, more people would have heat-related illnesses. Insect vectors that carry malaria and dengue will increase their distribution. The possibility of reduced crop yields and, secondarily, is starvation. And then, of course, there'll be the increase in sea level, which will inundate many countries that have low-lying areas – such as Bangladesh and some other countries in the Pacific – will be totally under water. So, all of those things add up to making this an important element of the coal story.
Lester Graham: It's often noted that the public health costs of power from burning coal is never really calculated into the overall cost of the energy – this report tackles that. And you use that to justify some of the recommendations – including no new coal-burning power plants, cutting other pollutants from existing plants. Realistically, do you think anyone is really going to go for that?
Dr. Lockwood: Well, unless you set the bar at the appropriate level, you're never going to achieve the outcome that would be optimum. So, our position is that this is the target we'd like to see, and then we will work with people and do our educational mission in order to get as close to that target as is possible.
Graham: How do you expect this will affect the debate over the climate change bill in the Senate?
Dr. Lockwood: Physicians, according to polling information, have very high credibility. So we are a different voice that brings this argument to the floor. And, hopefully we'll be a component of the legislative process and the input of information that comes to legislators as they grapple with tough decisions.
Graham: You're talking about further reducing some of the pollutants caused by coal. But the EPA, in all of the government's wisdom, has decided, 'well, we are at a level where these exposures are safe to the public.' Why do you dispute that?
Dr. Lockwood: No one has been able to demonstrate a level below which these pollutants are really completely safe. So, the general consensus is, that the lower they are, the less likely they are to effect health in an adverse manner – producing things like attacks of asthma, myocardial infarcts, strokes, things of that nature.
Graham: There's a huge campaign going on right now by the coal industry touting the benefits of clean coal. I wonder if you think there is the possibility of clean coal, now or in the future, or if we have to find alternatives to coal altogether.
Dr. Lockwood: Well, we advocate alternatives to coal. The coal industry, first of all, is extremely well-financed. They're working very hard to convince people that it's possible to use coal in a manner that's clean and doesn't pollute the environment. But that's a concept that's more in the future – if it ever proves to be practical.
Graham: Sounds like you're a clean coal skeptic.
Dr. Lockwood: I'm from Missouri.
Graham: The Show Me State!
Dr. Lockwood: Well, I'm a clinical neurologist and I'm a scientist. So I want to see proof and data rather than 'pie in the sky' claims.
Graham: Dr. Alan Lockwood is the principal author of the just released report 'Coal's Assault On Human Health' from the Physicians For Social Responsibility. Thanks very much for talking time to talk with us.
Dr. Lockwood: Thank you for having me.
Author Lester GrahamPosted on November 19, 2009 Categories InterviewsTags burn, burning, burns, burnt, change, climate, coal, coals, companies, company, doctor, doctors, electric, electrical, electricity, emission, emissions, gases, gasses, global, greenhouse, health, heat, heating, illness, light, lights, plant, plants, power, powered, powers, sick, sickness, switch, warming
Stimulus Funds for Home Weatherization
A fan is sized to the front door so they can de-pressurize the house. This helps them see where air is escaping - and where insulation may be needed. (Photo by Julie Grant)
The water heater shows evidence of carbon monoxide. (Photo by Julie Grant)
An inspector checks the efficiency of the furnace. (Photo by Julie Grant)
The government stimulus package
included billions of new dollars
for home weatherization programs.
The money is used to help low income
folks make their homes more energy
efficient. But some critics say
it's not a good use of federal tax
dollars. Julie Grant reports:
https://environmentreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/feature_grant_091109.mp3
The government stimulus package included billions of new dollars for home weatherization programs. The money is used to help low income folks make their homes more energy efficient. But some critics say it's not a good use of federal tax dollars. Julie Grant reports:
Chris Graham spends his days checking the energy efficiency of people's homes.
Today he's at Sandra Richards' in Mogodore, Ohio.
Graham: "Hi Sandra."
Sandra: "How are ya?"
Graham: "Wonderful. And you?"
Sandra: "Better."
Graham: "Better?"
Sandra is 55. Her house is clean and neat. She was a nurse for many years, but today she's sitting on the couch, watching TV. A broken foot spiraled into problems with her knee and hip – and other health problems.
"I mean I've just had so many things go on in such a little time. I was working 12 hour days, and one month later, I couldn't work at all."
Sandra qualified for the home weatherization program because she doesn't have much in the way of income anymore.
Chris Graham says he's been to a lot of homes where people are far worse off. They can't get around, they don't have money coming in, and their houses get cold in the winter.
Graham heads to the basement.
"The first thing we have to make sure is that the heating unit is not in terrible, dilapidated shape. And that it does not have more than a specified amount of carbon monoxide in the flu gasses."
He turns on the furnace and sticks a probe into the flu pipe.
(sound of a tester)
Grant: "Looks like a receipt came out."
Graham: "It kind of is. It tells you exactly what was going on there."
Looks like Sandra's furnace is running pretty well. 81% efficiency.
But Graham sees evidence of carbon monoxide on her old water heater.
"It's 17 years old and it just plain needs changed. It's got burnt, scorch all over it. So we're gonna do that."
That could cost more than $1,000.
But the home weatherization program can afford it these days. The stimulus packaged included $5-billion for this kind of work – compared with less than a quarter of a billion dollars last year. The new money has to be spent within two years.
And some people think that's just too much money – too fast. Leslie Paige is with a taxpayer watchdog group called Citizens Against Government Waste.
"There's always a lot of waste in government spending anyway, but when you spend it quickly and there's very little oversight, that's almost a prescription for seeing a lot of that money go for waste and fraud and losing to abuse."
That kind of criticism is shocking to David Shea. He's director the Community Action Council of Portage County, Ohio – the organization that hires inspector Chris Graham.
The weatherization program has been around since 1976 and Shea says they have to report their spending in about a hundred different ways.
"It's not like money is being thrown out at agencies and just say, 'oh go out and do it.' There are volumes and volumes of written regulations that have been around for a long time. We do so much sophisticated reporting; they know how every dollar is being spent. Always. Always."
Shea's office used to have one crew out weatherizing homes around the county. Since the stimulus money's come in, he's hired a second crew. But there are so many people wanting their services, the waiting list is still years long.
(sound of a fan)
Back at Sandra Richards' house, inspector Chris Graham has sized a big fan into the front door. He's depressurizing the house – so he can see where air is escaping. Graham says she's going to need some doors sealed and new insulation in the attic.
He says Sandra will feel more comfortable, so she won't need to turn up the heat in the winter. That means she'll save on energy costs, and will use less fossil fuels.
That's the whole idea of this project – to use less energy in the future, and to help millions of families that couldn't afford to improve things on their own.
Author Julie GrantPosted on September 11, 2009 Categories FeaturesTags afford, affordable, cold, cool, cooling, efficiency, efficient, energies, energy, fund, funded, funding, funds, furnace, heat, heater, heating, home, homes, house, houses, income, low-income, money, poverty, program, stimulus, utilities, utility, weatherization
Stimulus Funds Give Steam a Boost
"Power house mechanic working on steam pump" By Lewis Hine, 1920 (Photo courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration, Records of the Work Projects Administration)
Steam plants haven't been en vogue since Thomas Edison's day. But now, they're back in the spotlight thanks to the Obama administration. The Department of Energy just got 106-million dollars worth of stimulus money to fund steam-related projects. Jennifer Guerra takes us back to the future:
(sound of steam)
You hear that? That's the sound of efficiency.
It's what you get when you combine steam pipes with a giant jet engine.
These steam systems are called combined heat and power, or CHP, and the government wants to see more of them.
Getting energy from coal-burning power plants isn't very efficient. Most CHP systems, on the other hand, use natural gas and are more than 80% efficient.
The DOE says that's like taking 45 million cars off the road.
Neal Elliot is with the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy.
"So whether you're concerned about local air quality or whether you're talking about global climate change gasses, the more efficient the system, the lower the emissions."
And if you're worried about seeing a giant CHP plant pop up in your backyard – don't worry, most CHP systems are underground.
An announcement from Department of Energy
A related article from Wired
Author Jennifer GuerraPosted on June 8, 2009 Categories News SpotsTags burn, burning, coal, efficiency, efficient, energy, fund, funding, funds, heat, heating, home, homes, house, houses, money, plant, plants, power, steam, stimulus
Portable Classrooms Get a Makeover
When schools run out of room, they often have to put students in portable buildings (Source: Motown31 at Wikimedia Commons)
When schools get too crowded, they often resort to sticking students in modular classrooms – cheap trailers, essentially. But Sheryl Rich-Kern reports some innovative architects are saying that the energy savings and efficiency of modulars make them an ideal, and often, permanent solution:
https://environmentreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/feature_richkern_060109.mp3
I've actually taught a class in one of those temporary, portable classrooms. It was in the early morning at a community college.
Students would walk in droopy-eyed. My job was to keep them engaged and awake.
Not an easy task – the room was either too hot or too cold. And the ventilation system made weird noises.
But, some experts say portables don't have to be that way. They can be the kind of room that educators actually prefer.
Michelle Gould is a teacher and parent at the Carroll School in Lincoln, Massachusetts. And she teaches in a new kind of portable classroom.
"The air is very clean in here. It smells like the outside. It doesn't smell like air conditioning or heating. The lighting is very good for not working under natural light. It seems like you're outside. And it makes a big difference tutoring kids."
Tutor: "Did you write your last name, Will? No? Very good, nice spacing. Close your books and put your pencil down."
(sound of kids playing outdoors)
The Carroll School's main building is a brick mansion from the early 1900s.
It is stately, elegant. The portable next to it is not. It's boxy, and has a flat, white roof. Kind of ugly.
But, when you walk in to the portable you feel a change. It's comfortable!
Cliff Cort is president of Triumph Modular, the firm that leases the country's first green portable classroom.
"This is a vestibule, we think is a necessary ingredient to almost all buildings, because it controls the weather from the outside to the inside."
Vestibules aren't typically found in modular classrooms. Neither is the paperless drywall that eliminates mold, or the sensors that "learn" the best way to control the heating.
"If the teacher tends to come in early on Mondays, the building will begin to learn her habits, and then turn on the heating or A-C just before she gets here. And if they start to take off half a day on Wednesdays, the building would start to learn that no one is here in the afternoons, and then they can shut down. So it helps manage the use of the HVAC system."
Cort points to the domed skylights known as sun tunnels, which bring in daylight.
"But they don't bring it in a way that's too harsh. As you can see, this is screened a bit. So it's diffused light."
Triumph Modular is just one of the companies making these more environmentally friendly modular classrooms.
Tom Hardiman is director of the Modular Building Institute, a trade association for dealers and manufacturers of commercial modular buildings.
"Improved acoustics. Improved daylighting. There are countless studies out there that show that it does improve the learning environment."
Hardiman says many of the old-style portable classrooms end up being used for 20 or 30 years. The problem is they weren't meant to.
But higher-end portables, like the one in Lincoln, Massachusetts, are built to last.
And, because of the modular construction, they're greener.
"We typically produce much less construction waste material than site-built construction. Because our factories buy in bulk, they can resuse smaller pieces of material. If you've been on a construction site, you've seen dumpster after dumpster of two-by-fours and drywall and siding sticking out of the dumpster. There's just not that much waste with modular construction."
Hardiman says that green portables are the wave of the future.
They're not the cheapest solution. But Hardiman says they do provide the best learning spaces on campus.
For The Environment Report, I'm Sheryl Rich-Kern.
Triumph Modular Buildings
Another story on schools from The Environment Report
Author Sheryl Rich-KernPosted on June 1, 2009 Categories FeaturesTags building, buildings, class, classes, classroom, classrooms, college, colleges, construction, cool, cooling, elementary, grammar, green, greener, growth, heat, heating, high, kids, middle, room, rooms, school, schools, student, students, taught, teach, teacher, teachers, temperature, temperatures, temporary
Saving Energy: Simple Changes, Big Impact
Jack Brown is an Outreach Technician for Community Resource Project, helping to spread the word about weatherization services that families may be eligible for. In his 23 years at Community Resource, Brown says he's assessed about 5,000 homes. (Photo by Amy Standen)
Utility bills at this Natomas, California house often hit $500 a month. Small changes, like door weather strips, will reduce utility bills by as much as 20% (Photo by Amy Standen)
From left to right, Natomas residents Aniya Randle, TinaMarie Dunn,Devyn Wiggins, Shyra Randle, and Ajay Cummins (Photo by Amy Standen)
Solar panels and wind turbines get most of the buzz, but it's far easier and cheaper to save energy than it is to make more of it. Now, President Obama's economic stimulus package
is pouring billions into energy-efficiency programs. As Amy Standen reports, it's shining a new spotlight on some of the simpler ways we can all reduce our energy use:
https://environmentreport.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/feature_standen_051809.mp3
Solar panels and wind turbines get most of the buzz, but it's far easier and cheaper to save
energy than it is to make more of it. Now, President Obama's economic stimulus package
is pouring billions into energy-efficiency programs. As Amy Standen reports, it's shining
a new spotlight on some of the simpler ways we can all reduce our energy use:
Sure, I've thought about buying solar panels to put on my roof. There's a perfect spot on
the south-facing slope – maybe we could power the whole house. But there are some
easier things we could do first – like insulate the attic or weather strip the doors. And yet,
somehow I never quite get around to them.
Why is that? Well James Sweeney directs the Precourt Energy Efficiency Center at
Stanford, and he has a theory.
"Energy efficiency turns out to have low salience to people."
Which is to say, it's maybe… a little bit boring?
"It's very boring."
But if your eyes start to glaze over at the mere mention of the word "efficiency," consider
the compact fluorescent light bulb.
"The easiest thing everyone can do is change their lighting."
If everyone in the U.S. traded in their old incandescent light bulbs for compact
fluorescents, we'd cut electricity use by about 2%.
Which, maybe, doesn't sound so impressive – until you consider the fact that all the solar
and all the wind power combined in the entire country amounts to point .4% of our total
energy use. That's 0.4.
"The cleanest energy is the energy you don't need in the first place."
That fact has not been lost on the Obama White House. The American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act is pouring approximately 20 billion dollars into efficiency projects.
Five billion of that will fund what's called the Weatherization Assistance Program, which
helps low-income families weatherproof their homes. To qualify, a family of four must
make less than $44 thousand dollars a year.
(sound of someone giving directions – "Take 25 and go to El Paso Road")
That stimulus cash funds local non-profits like Community Resource Project, in
Sacramento, California. Since January, Community Resource's budget has tripled, from
1.3 to 4.5 million dollars a year. They're buying new trucks, hiring at all levels, and
going to more and more homes.
(sound of knocking at a door)
Like this one – a five-bedroom stucco ranch house in a newer suburban development
outside of Sacramento.
(sound of door opening)
"Hello, how are you doing?"
At the door is TinaMarie Dunn, a family friend who's showing us around today. She
gives a squeeze to two-year old Anaya, one of ten children who live here.
"Look Anaya, say cheese!" (Anaya: Cheese!)
Dunn says utility bills here can hit $500 dollars a month. She says the house just doesn't
work right.
"When the heat is on, downstairs is hot, downstairs is cold. When the air's on, the
upstairs is cold, the downstairs is hot."
Community Resource's Dana Gonzalez walks into the kitchen, and pauses to take a look
around.
Standen: "So when you walked in, what was the first thing you saw?"
Gonzalez: "It's funny. You see this door shoe and you see, actually the bottom rubber
is gone."
He points to a two-inch gap under the front door.
"And if you put your hand here, you can actually feel the air. Anytime they kick on
their heat and cool, that's definitely affecting their house, and in the long run, affects
their bill."
Community Resource will spend about $1500 here, aiming to cut monthly utility bills by
as much as 20%.
They'll weather strip the doors, patch up holes in the walls, install CFL bulbs. We're not
talking solar panels or radiant heating – just small, mostly inexpensive adjustments that
cumulatively, have a huge impact.
The White House says these efficiency projects will create thousands of jobs, but there's
also concern that the huge cash infusion is a recipe for fraud and mismanagement.
Department of Energy officials have called for extra vigilance in the disbursement of
weatherization cash. But, they say, the benefits, both environmental and economic, far
outweigh the risks.
For The Environment Report, I'm Amy Standen.
A related TER story on weatherization
DOE Weatherization Assistance Program
Community Resource Project
Author Amy StandenPosted on May 18, 2009 Categories FeaturesTags agencies, agency, assistance, bill, bills, cold, communities, community, cool, cooling, efficiency, efficient, energy, fund, funding, funds, heat, heating, home, homes, house, houses, income, low-income, money, package, poverty, program, programs, stimulus, utilities, utility, weatherization


BOSTON – After an hour of intense debate delegates of the Social, Humanitarian and Cultural Committee attending the 62nd session of the Harvard National Model United Nations Conference (HNMUN) have chosen 'The Rights of Female Prisoners' as their topic to debate for the remainder of the conference.
Located in the Boston Park Plaza Hotel's Georgian Room, hundreds of delegates spent a near hour debating whether to resolve the issue on the 'Rights of Female Prisoners' or, alternatively, 'The Issue of Missing and Exploited Children'. Both issues are of critical importance to the United Nations as they involve our most vulnerable members of society. This was a point many states raised in their thirty second opening speeches. In one very diplomatic address, the delegate of Pakistan reminded the committee to ensure 'everyone's voice be heard' in selecting between the two topics.
However opinion remained hotly divided amongst the General Assembly. Delegates from Belarus, Bangladesh and Ireland gave particularly informative speeches urging the committee to focus on the rights of female prisoners. Their main concern was that the international community was seen not to be doing enough for the advancement and progression of incarcerated women. Many touted damming global statistics and human rights reports highlighting the rates of sexual assault, lack of access to healthcare, and prisoner abuse. A particularly passionate delegate from Angola described many prisons as a 'torturous and hellish' environment that must be improved. Upon further questioning , Angola proposed a mandatory imposition of separate gender prisons (including staff) as a means to eliminate the rates of sexual violence and discrimination that occurs. They maintained that they would push other states to support this in a resolution over the coming days.
The United States did not give an opening address however upon further questioning the delegation were pleased that the issue of Female Prisoners was chosen. 'Women are the mothers of our children, we must look after them.' The delegation hopes to include in the resolution a mandatory gender separation clause, educational programmes and a greater focus on maternal, mental and overall health care. They envision all initiatives to be cost effective so they can be implemented by all member states. These ideas run in tandem with the delegations from Switzerland, Portugal and The United Kingdom with whom they hope to ally.
The committee later broke into an unmoderated caucus with a successful motion by the Seychelles to debate health care and rehabilitative issues. Future debate is likely to focus on the Bangkok Rules and the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and whether current international legal instruments are satisfactory.


text:
Eddy Merckx route
Cycling legend Eddy Merckx won in Ruien (Kluisbergen) on September 17, 1977 the last of his 525 races. This route takes you past the place where the "Cannibal" triumphed last.The circuit is very much a Tour of Flanders experience that includes climbs up the Oude Kwaremont, Paterberg, Kluisberg and Hotondberg. And then we fly down the Rampe. You can enjoy a ride through the beautiful countryside and take in the stunning views. Have a look round the lovely Kluisbos forest and its Recreation Centre, pop in and visit an artist in Kwaremont and soak up the rural tranquillity in Zulzeke. According to us this is the perfect route to shake off your jetlag before you start the serious work in the Flemish Ardennes.
Show larger map
Pre-ride
De Flandrienhoeve
d'Oude Hoeve
Eddy ready?
Cruisin along the river Scheldt
Kluisberg - Poletsestraat
Starting from the roundabout in Kluisbergen, you climb about 1.4 km, gaining 82 heightmeters. The average percentage is 5.8 %.
Oude Kwaremont
Three: that's how many times riders must climb the famous Oude Kwaremont during the Ronde. The Oude Kwaremont is the longest cobbled climb of Flanders at 2200 meters long, and 92 meters of climbing. While it averages a nice "easy" 4% gradient it's maximum gradient of 11.6 % lies in the middle of the climb – it's not an easy feat to recover from that over cobbles. Indeed, if you fail to recover from it in time, you can consider a pause at In 't Palet on the corner of the village square.
Look out for Eddy!
Rampe (downhill)
A hidden 'gem'. The Rampe is a short 'unexpected' cobbled climb, tucked away between the Oude Kwaremont and the Paterberg. The Eddy Merckx Route takes this one downhill. Be careful.
Keuzelingenstraat
It's only a relatively recent addition to the Tour of Flanders, constructed in the 1980s on farmland by a landowner jealous of his friend's proximity to the Koppenberg every year, but the Paterberg has already achieved legendary status. With a maximum gradient of 20.33% and an average gradient of over 12%, it's one of the steepest climbs in the region. The descent to the sharp right hand corner at the foot of the climb requires care and usually claims at least one victim every year on the Tour of Flanders.
Hoogberg - Hotond
The Hotond---Hoogberg ascent is 2.7 km long. Over this distance, you climb 107 heightmeters. One of the longer climbs in the area.
Centrum Ronde Van Vlaanderen
Smell the history, taste the cobblestones and test your knowledge of the 'Ronde' at this unique, interactive experience center.
56.1km Finish
Part of this route is part of
the 4K's Bucket list
The Cobbled Climbs of the Ronde Bucket list
Climbs With No Cobbles Bucket list
So you've decided what route you're conquering? Get ready here!
Planning a trip?
What to discover? Where to stay? When to come? Check it out:
Accommodation More about Flanders


Garden City, Michigan is the 1,409th largest city in the United States as of 2017.
Garden City, Michigan is a city.
Garden City, Michigan is currently 16.8% smaller than it was in 1990, the year of its peak recorded population.
Garden City, Michigan's growth is extremely below average. 96% of similarly sized cities are growing faster since 2000.


When I saw the tweet about #sewdollyclackett I knew I wanted to get involved, just didn't think I'd leave it till the 11th hour (or as close as) to get involved.
I love Roisin blog, her hand made wardrobe and shoes are girl crush material. shamelessly I've bought the same fabric and made versions of her dresses more than once, but you know I'm sure she wouldn't mind.
I made this dress in plenty of time and have even worn it few times since. The first time was to celebrate my nephews 18th birthday. My dad loved the fabric and convinced me to wear it to the races, so I did. Alex has already mentioned that she saw a few duplicate outfits at Aintree Races and her own dress was unique. I didn't see another pin up girl and car patterned dress all day. Another bonus for sewing your own dresses right there.
I wore my favourite shoes and my bag has little matching cherries.
2 for 1 Doorway shot and derp face.
This won't be my last Emery dress, I want to fix some neckline gaping and I have a few metres of more Alexandra Henry fabric washed and ready to sew in true Dolly Clackett style.
Wishing Roisin and Nic a very happy wedding day and years beyond, lets all raise a glass of prosecco to that.


Fresh is Best taco shells are the most delicious taco shells you'll find in Vancouver. We offer a tasty selection of traditional yellow corn taco shells as well our delightful tri-color taco shells. The tri-color variety includes four regular yellow corn taco shells, four mild red chili taco shells, and four spicy green jalapeno taco shells. Each taco shell is jam-packed with crunchy, delicious goodness.
Fresh is Best is all about quality and freshness. Our taco shells contain only the finest ingredients. We never mass-produce any of our products. Instead, we make each batch small to ensure the very best product for our consumers every time. Our method not only guarantees freshness in each package, but it also assures the nutritional value is maintained in the food.
Our taco shells, tortilla chips, salsa, and other products began at home. We wanted great Mexican food (which is hard to find in Vancouver), and we wanted a healthy alternative to the store-bought taco shells we were used to getting. Honestly, we also wanted to create the best taco shells in Vancouver. One of the most significant problems found with store brand taco shells is the massive amounts of potentially dangerous food additives in them.
Most taco shells are made with raw grains that are genetically modified. Quite often these raw grains have been refined so much that the nutritional values are entirely gone. Further, these taco shells are high in gluten and have been shown to cause or contribute to other serious diseases including cancer.
Many dieters will find that there aren't too many store brand taco shells that are compatible with their diets if they read the ingredients on the back of the package. Many taco shells contain high levels of simple carbs. Simple carbs are addictive, and many people can't stop eating unhealthy foods, because they crave simple carbs. Their cravings overpower their decision-making. Fresh is Best has the best and healthiest taco shells in Vancouver.
Another dangerous additive found in most store brand taco shells is MSG. MSG is often used with seasonings that make the taco shells tasty. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has listed MSG as being "safe for consumption." However, that doesn't make everybody feel comfortable.
The FDA is a federal program that was created to regulate harmful ingredients in food and drugs. What most people don't know, is that the FDA can't regulate food or a drug that doesn't contain at least some levels of toxicity. Hence, manufacturers will add toxicity to their products to get it approved by the FDA. Without FDA approval, a food or drug will never make it on the shelves in stores. The system is similar in Canada.
Health experts agree that MSG is a deadly excitotoxin. It can cause brain damage, trigger other serious diseases, and has been linked as a significant contributor to obesity. Far from safe to it this additive!
With all things considered, wouldn't it make sense to buy the safe brand? Especially if that brand also happens to make the tastiest taco shells in Vancouver? Try Fresh is Best taco shells today. You'll be hooked in a good way.


During DSM17, around 2,000 delegates from 33 different countries gathered to discuss shipping and shipping related topics. More than 600 representatives from a wide range of shipping companies and 260 exhibiting suppliers came to lend their perspectives, make new connections and forge new business opportunities.
The time schedule and program is preliminary and you'll find the complete program for DSM19 published here closer to the event.
There will be chartered ferries sponsored by Styrsöbolaget departing in the morning heading for Donsö. At 08:00 from Stenpiren ferry terminal (for those who are staying at Comfort hotel Göteborg) and at 08:10 from Eriksberg ferry terminal (for those who are staying at Quality Hotel 11).
When you arrive in Donsö there will be signs and DSM personnel meeting and greeting you, giving information and helping out with registration. Exhibitors will find name badges at the Information desk in the Exhibition Area on September 2.
Information regarding the seminar will come closer to the event.
Pre-booked speed meetings are held in the Exhibitors' stands. Each speed meeting will last for 20 minutes. Between each meeting there will be a 10 minute break. This will give you time to round off and get ready for your next meeting with another shipping company.
A full On stage seminar program will be published closer to the event.
Lunch is prepared by Isbolaget between 12:00 and 13:30.
Coffee, tea, fruit, pastries and water is served during the day.
Self-awareness, the understanding that we are different as individuals in the management team and employees and communicate effectively to different personality types.
With the help of personality profiles, individuals can strengthen themselves in their self-knowledge, which is important as a manager and employee in a working group. DISC Puls Analysis can help, gain an increase the understanding of each other and see the strengths of each other's differences. It also increases the knowledge of how to communicate effectively and successfully.
Host for the Commercial Meet is Carl-Johan Hagman, head of Shipping & Ferries at Stena, starting the meet with an introduction speech. Carl-Johan Hagman is also moderator for the panel discussion. More information about The DSM19 Commercial Meet program will be published closer to the event.
How can we communicate clearly, motivation and driving forces. Understand how our individual behavior affects entire groups. Find driving forces and motives. Create desired cultures in the group.
Transportation back to Saltholmen, Eriksberg and Stenpiren ferry terminals with chartered ferry sponsored by Styrsöbolaget.
There will be a chartered ferry sponsored by Styrsöbolaget, departing in the morning heading for Donsö. Departure at 08:30 from Stenpiren ferry terminal.
There will be a ferry departing from Saltholmen ferry terminal at 08:30.
There will be a chartered ferry sponsored by Styrsöbolaget, departing in the morning heading for Donsö. Departure at 08:40 from Eriksberg ferry terminal.
Time to take down exhibition and transport to harbor.
Transport back to Eriksberg and Stenpiren ferry terminals with chartered ferries sponsored by Styrsöbolaget.
Transport back to Saltholmen with our chartered ferry sponsored by Styrsöbolaget.


A unique and versatile family law firm located in the heart of the suburbs of Plantation on South Pine Island Road in Royal Palm II Law Offices of Kelley A. Joseph concentrates in marital and family law and mediation. The firm has over twenty years of experience handling all aspects of family law litigation, and also handles custody matters involving special needs children (primarily autism).
Ms. Joseph is a member of the Broward County Bar Association, Family Law Section of the Florida Bar; Broward County Matrimonial Lawyers; and was deemed "Top 100 Lawyers" by The National Advocates 2015, 2016; "10 Best Florida, Client Satisfaction" American Inst. of Family Law Attorneys; 10/10 "Superb" Family Law on AVVO.
9:00am-5:30pm Weekdays. Also, early morning or evening appointments available when necessary, upon request.


Learn more about our amazing doctors.
Please utilize our website to keep informed about all aspects of your pet's health. The Pet Petly Portal keeps you up to date on your pet's personal health. Check our website regularly for updates on important Pet Health News such as new pet diseases or information. Visit our extensive Pet Health Library to learn about pet care topics that are important to you and your pet.
At Broad River Animal Hospital, we treat your pets like the valued family members they are.
Your Veterinarian in Norwalk, New Canaan, Westport, Darien and Wilton CT.
Yearlong parasite protection is vital to your pets health.


MyTetra Web Client - is internet-service for fast access to MyTetra data from browser.
Sometimes there is a need to look at the MyTetra-records from another's computer. It is no point to install the MyTetra program and to adjust synchronization on another's computer only to look at a two-three records. It too long also can be forbidden by a security policy. Specially for such situations the MyTetra Web Client Internet service is provided.
Briefly speaking, by means of the MyTetra Web Client service it is possible to get access to the MyTetra database quickly.
Sic! At 22.04.2013 start new analogy service MyTetra Share. This servise show known tree and notes as simply HTML page. Choose what you prefer.
Any user of the MyTetra program, who storing the knowledge base on public open servers (for example, on GitHub.com) can use the MyTetra Web Client service. For work with MyTetra Web Client registration isn't required.
Go to MyTetra Web Client page. Set direct URL to your RAW database file mytetra.xml. It is all!
Attention! At simple copying of the reference from the RAW button, the reference won't work! It is necessary to press RAW, and to copy the received reference from an address line of the browser.
0.17 - First public version of the client.