text:
Burgenland, Austria Genealogy
Austria Wiki Topics
Finding Town of Origin
Funeral Records
House Books
Inquisitions Postmortem
Jewish Records
Religious Records
Schools Records
Austria Background
German Word List
The FamilySearch moderator for Austria is SugdenHG.
Guide to Burgenland State ancestry, family history and genealogy: birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, parish registers, and military records.
2 For Burgenland-Specific Research, consult The Burgenland Bunch
3 For Austria Research, You Must Know Your Ancestors' Town
4 Research to Find the Town
5 If You Know the Town, Next Use the GenTeam Gazetteer
6 Online Records
7 Microfilm Copies of Records at a Family History Center
8 Writing for Records
8.1 Civil Registration
9 Archives
9.1 Local Churches
10 Reading the Records
10.1 Latin Records
11 Search Strategy
The majority of the population was Germanic, except for the Hungarian border-guards of the frontier March. Germanic immigration from neighbouring Austria was also continuous in the Middle Ages.
In 1440 the territory of present-day Burgenland was controlled by the Habsburgs of Austria, but during the next 200 years different kings retook the area. In the 16th century, medieval Kingdom of Hungary lost its independence and its north-western part that was not conquered by the Ottoman Empire was included in the Habsburg Empire.
In the 16-17th centuries German Protestant refugees arrived in Western Royal Hungary to shelter from the religious wars of the Holy Roman Empire, particularly from the repression of the Reformation in Austrian territories, then ruled by the staunchly Roman Catholic Habsburgs. After the Habsburg military victory against the Ottomans at the end of the 17th century, the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary was enlarged to include much of the territory of the former medieval Kingdom of Hungary. In the 17th and 18th centuries the region of Western Hungary was dominated by the wealthy Catholic landowning families. In 1867, the Habsburg Empire was transformed into the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary.
On 18 July 1922, the first elections for the parliament of Burgenland took place. Various interim arrangements were required due to the changeover from Hungarian to Austrian jurisdiction. The parliament decided in 1925 on Eisenstadt as the capital of Burgenland, and moved from the various provisional estates throughout the country to the newly built Landhaus in 1929.
In 1923, emigration to the United States of America, which started in the late 19th century, reached its climax; in some places up to a quarter of the population went overseas. After the Nazi German Anschluss of Austria, the administrative unit of Burgenland was dissolved. Northern and central Burgenland joined the district of Niederdonau while southern Burgenland joined Steiermark. The policy of Germanization also affected other minorities, especially Burgenland Croats and Hungarians. Minority schools were closed and the use of their native language discouraged. As of 1 October 1945 Burgenland was reestablished with Soviet support and given to the Soviet forces in exchange for Steiermark, which was in turn occupied by the United Kingdom. Under Soviet occupation, people in Burgenland had to endure a period of serious mistreatment and an extremely slow economic progression, the latter induced by the investor-discouraging presence of the Soviet troops. The Soviet occupation ended with the signing of the Austrian Independence Treaty of Vienna in 1955 by the Occupying Forces. The brutally crushed Hungarian Revolution on 23 October 1956 resulted in a shockwave of Hungarian refugees at the Hungarian-Austrian border, especially at the Bridge of Andau, who were received by the inhabitants of Burgenland with an overwhelming amount of hospitality. In 1957, the construction of the "anti-Fascist Protective Barrier" resulted in a complete bulkheading of the area under Soviet influence from the rest of the world, rendering the Hungarian-Austrian border next to Burgenland a deadly zone of minefields on the Hungarian border and barbed wire, referred to as the Iron Curtain.
For Burgenland-Specific Research, consult The Burgenland Bunch[edit | edit source]
The Burgenland Bunch (BB) is a free, online, volunteer-based genealogy and history group dedicated specifically to Burgenland and its nearby environs. It has an experienced volunteer staff that can help you navigate all the available resources, including those at FamilySearch, and point you in the right direction. In addition, there is an affiliated Facebook page where you can ask for advice and obtain assistance. The BB is in its 22nd year and is a community of about 2,600 Burgenland researchers.
The BB Website is: www.the-burgenland-bunch.org
The BB Facebook page is: www.facebook.com/groups/TheBurgenlandBunchOFFICIAL/
For Austria Research, You Must Know Your Ancestors' Town[edit | edit source]
To begin using the records of Austria, just knowing that your family came from the country will not be enough. Records are kept on the local level, so you will have to know the town they lived in.
Details about the town will also help:
the county of that town,
where the closest Evangelical Lutheran, Catholic, Greek Orthodox, etc. parish church was (depending on their religion),
where the civil registration office was, and
if you have only a village name, you will need the name of the larger town it was part of.
Research to Find the Town[edit | edit source]
If you do not yet know the name of the town of your ancestor's birth, there are well-known strategies for a thorough hunt for it.
Use Gathering Information to Locate Place of Origin as a guide in exhausting every possible record to find what you need. It was written for Germany, but the same methods apply.
If You Know the Town, Next Use the GenTeam Gazetteer[edit | edit source]
GenTeam is an online gazetteer that covers the current countries of Austria, Czech Republic, and Slovenia (most of the area belonging to the Austro-Hungarian Empire). It gives former (German) and current names of locations, the name of the parish, the beginning year of the records, and the archive that holds the records. It will also give details on earlier parishes the locality belonged to. It then links to the website of that archive.
Tutorial: GenTeam Gazetteer Online - Instruction, Activity, Answer Key
This is an example of a typical parish record entry that you will see:
Online Records[edit | edit source]
Austria Evangelical-Lutheran Church Records, 1848-1900
Microfilm Copies of Records at a Family History Center[edit | edit source]
If the locality and time period you need are not included in the online records, the next step is to check for them in the microfilm collection of the Family History Library. These microfilms may be ordered for viewing at Family History Centers around the world. To find a microfilm:
a. Click on Places within Austria, Burgenland
b. Select your record type: Church records and civil registration are the most important.
c. Click on the blue links to specific record titles.
d. Choose the correct record type and time period for your ancestor.
e. Some combination of these icons will appear at the far right of the microfilm listed for the record. . The magnifying glass indicates that the microfilm is indexed. Clicking on the magnifying glass will take you to the index. Clicking on the camera will take you to an online digital copy of the microfilm.
Writing for Records[edit | edit source]
See German Letter Writing Guide for help and translations.
Civil Registration[edit | edit source]
Civil registration, the government records of births, marriages, and deaths, began in Austria on 1 January 1939. The office that keeps these records is the Standesamt.
List of Standesamt addresses in Austria
Diocesan Archives Eisenstadt (Catholic)
St. Rochus Street 21
A-7000 Eisenstadt, Austria
Tel .: 0043/2682 / 777-234
Fax: 0043/2682 / 777-252
E-mail:museum@martinus.at
Files of the Apostolic Administration Burgenland and of the Diocese of Eisenstadt since 1922; 117 Pfarrarchive (about 17th-19th century)
Parish registers:
107 parishes (from the beginning until ca. 1820); Duplicates from 1922
Archive of the Evangelical Church in Austria (Lutheran)
Evangelical Church in Austria Church
Severin Schreiber-Gasse 3
Dept. of Matriculation, Archives, Library
Tel .: +43/1/4791523/519
Fax: +43/1/4791523/440
E-Mail: archiv@Evang.at
Burgenlandisches Landesarchiv (State)
Landhaus Alt
7000 Eisenstadt, Austria
Phone: 057-600 / 2358
E-Mail: post.a7-landesarchiv@bgld.gv.at
Local Churches[edit | edit source]
Catholic parishes in Burgenland
Evangelical (Lutheran) parish address list
Reading the Records[edit | edit source]
It's easier than you think! You do not have to be fluent in French and German to use these records, as there is only a limited vocabulary used in them. By learning a few key phrases, you will be able to read them adequately. Here are some resources for learning to read German records.
German Genealogical Word List
German Handwriting
These video webinars will teach you to read German handwriting:
Old German Script Part 1
Old German Script (German Church and Civil Records) Part 3
Also online interactive slideshow lessons are available to help you learn to read these records:
Reading German Handwritten Records Lesson 1: Kurrent Letters
Reading German Handwritten Records Lesson 2: Making Words in Kurrent
Reading German Handwritten Records Lesson 3: Reading Kurrent Documents. In this lesson, you will explore several types of German genealogical records, including birth, baptismal, marriage, and death records.
German Script Tutorial
This converter will show you how any phrase or name might look in German script:
Kurrentschrift Converter (enter German genealogical word, click on "convert", view your word in Kurrentschrift (Gothic handwriting)
Latin Records[edit | edit source]
Records of the Catholic church will usually be written in Latin:
Latin Genealogical Word List
Search Strategy[edit | edit source]
Search for the relative or ancestor you selected. When you find his birth record, search for the births of his brothers and sisters.
Next, search for the marriage of his parents. The marriage record will have information that will often help you find the birth records of the parents.
You can estimate the ages of the parents and determine a birth year to search for their birth records.
Search the death registers for all known family members.
Repeat this process for both the father and the mother, starting with their birth records, then their siblings' births, then their parents' marriages, and so on.
If earlier generations (parents, grandparents, etc.) do not appear in the records, search neighboring parishes.
Retrieved from "https://www-a3.familysearch.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Burgenland,_Austria_Genealogy&oldid=3604576"


text:
Peter Hamilton may refer to:

Writers
 Peter F. Hamilton (born 1960), English science-fiction writer
 Peter Hamilton (editor), Scottish editor of Nebula Science Fiction

Sportspeople
 Peter Hamilton (footballer born 1931) (1931–1981), Australian rules footballer for North Melbourne
 Peter Hamilton (footballer born 1956) (1956-2019), Australian rules footballer for Melbourne
 Pete Hamilton (1942–2017), American race car driver

Others
 Peter Hunter Hamilton (1800–1857), one of the founding fathers of Hamilton, Ontario
 Peter J. Hamilton (1859–1927), Alabama lawyer/historian and Puerto Rico federal judge
 Peter Hamilton, captain of Air Canada Flight 621
 Peter Hamilton (diplomat), New Zealand diplomat, see List of Ambassadors and High Commissioners to and from New Zealand
 William Peter Hamilton (1867–1929), Wall Street Journal editor

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Crime Bill
"Crime Bill" is a "diagram" of the mousetrap nature of drug laws. In recent decades, crime bills that mandate harsh prison sentences dramatically increased the numbers of incarcerated people of color in the U.S. Cocaine offences, committed mostly by white, relatively affluent people receive lighter punishment than crack offenses. In this piece a bowl of crack, suspended as a lure, is held up with the weight of bones, intending to evoke the lives damaged by these policies. A bowl of yellow roses offers a prayer for healing the damage caused by racism. 1995 - 2002
Materials: pulleys, gold chain, shackles, rib bones, bars, white rocks, bullets, roses in bowl
Lite Agendas
"Lite Agendas" is a metaphorical look at the structure of class and race in our society. A white substance is injected from above while the pitchforks of laborers harvest white powder below. The bars represent the prison system as well as other social constraints and divisions among groups of people. The hypodermic syringes suggest the forces of consumption and power. White powders (e.g., sugar, flour, pharmaceuticals, cocaine, crack) are a product of technological refinement and are also addictive. 1995 - 2002
Materials: Aluminum Circle, 60cc hypodermic syringes, Bowl filled with smashed gold, Christmas bulbs,
Bars, Lock, Bowl of white powder, Pitchforks, Plexi sheet Dirt
Criminal Profits
"Criminal Profits" is a system of cages that turns babies into cash. I made this piece as a response to knowing that prisons are currently being planned for people who are now only three years old. The prison system is the largest construction project within the U.S. Large profits are derived from prison construction, the supporting industries and prison labor while human beings are warehoused in cages. 2002
Materials: Funnel filled with babies, ceramic hearts, cages, bones, trucks, gold bricks, flags, globe covered with military toys, liberty bell, - old whisky bottle, silver piggy bank, flags, shredded money, plastic tube.
Supermax Christianity
Supermac Christianity, created in 2000, contemplates the complex history of Christianity. The institutions and teachings of Christianity have been a source of both oppression and liberation. A structure of gold bars imprison a statue of Jesus with dreadlocks, hearts and crucifixes. Outside the "prison" structure, toy lambs and action figures cavort together. created 2000
Materials: Crosses, clay hearts, fake blood, toy lambs, soldiers, Jesus statue with dreads.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
.. _advanced:

Advanced Features
=================

This section of the tutorial covers features of CVXPY intended for users with advanced knowledge of convex optimization. We recommend `Convex Optimization <http://www.stanford.edu/~boyd/cvxbook/>`_ by Boyd and Vandenberghe as a reference for any terms you are unfamiliar with.

Dual variables
--------------

You can use CVXPY to find the optimal dual variables for a problem. When you call ``prob.solve()`` each dual variable in the solution is stored in the ``dual_value`` field of the constraint it corresponds to.

.. code:: python

    from cvxpy import *

    # Create two scalar optimization variables.
    x = Variable()
    y = Variable()

    # Create two constraints.
    constraints = [x + y == 1,
                   x - y >= 1]

    # Form objective.
    obj = Minimize(square(x - y))

    # Form and solve problem.
    prob = Problem(obj, constraints)
    prob.solve()

    # The optimal dual variable (Lagrange multiplier) for
    # a constraint is stored in constraint.dual_value.
    print "optimal (x + y == 1) dual variable", constraints[0].dual_value
    print "optimal (x - y >= 1) dual variable", constraints[1].dual_value
    print "x - y value:", (x - y).value

.. parsed-literal::

    optimal (x + y == 1) dual variable 6.47610300459e-18
    optimal (x - y >= 1) dual variable 2.00025244976
    x - y value: 0.999999986374

The dual variable for ``x - y >= 1`` is 2. By complementarity this implies that ``x - y`` is 1, which we can see is true. The fact that the dual variable is non-zero also tells us that if we tighten ``x - y >= 1``, (i.e., increase the right-hand side), the optimal value of the problem will increase.

.. _semidefinite:

Semidefinite matrices
----------------------

Many convex optimization problems involve constraining matrices to be positive or negative semidefinite (e.g., SDPs). You can do this in CVXPY using the ``Semidef`` constructor. ``Semidef(n)`` constructs an ``n`` by ``n`` variable constrained to be positive semidefinite. For example,

.. code:: python

    # Creates a 100 by 100 positive semidefinite variable.
    X = Semidef(100)

    # You can use X anywhere you would use
    # a normal CVXPY variable.
    obj = Minimize(norm(X) + sum_entries(X))

The following code shows how to use ``Semidef`` to constrain matrix expressions to be positive or negative semidefinite:

.. code:: python

    # expr1 must be positive semidefinite.
    constr1 = (expr1 == Semidef(n))

    # expr2 must be negative semidefinite.
    constr2 = (expr2 == -Semidef(n))

To constrain a matrix expression to be symmetric (but not necessarily positive or negative semidefinite), simply write

.. code:: python

    # expr must be symmetric.
    constr = (expr == expr.T)

.. _mip:

Mixed-integer programs
----------------------

In mixed-integer programs, certain variables are constrained to be boolean or integer valued. You can construct mixed-integer programs using the ``Bool`` and ``Int`` constructors. These take the same arguments as the ``Variable`` constructor, and they return a variable constrained to have only boolean or integer valued entries.

The following code shows the ``Bool`` and ``Int`` constructors in action:

.. code:: python

    # Creates a 10-vector constrained to have boolean valued entries.
    x = Bool(10)

    # expr1 must be boolean valued.
    constr1 = (expr1 == x)

    # Creates a 5 by 7 matrix constrained to have integer valued entries.
    Z = Int(5, 7)

    # expr2 must be integer valued.
    constr2 = (expr2 == Z)

Solve method options
--------------------

The ``solve`` method takes optional arguments that let you change how CVXPY solves the problem. Here is the signature for the ``solve`` method:

.. function:: solve(solver=None, verbose=False, **kwargs)

   Solves a DCP compliant optimization problem.

   :param solver: The solver to use.
   :type solver: str, optional
   :param verbose:  Overrides the default of hiding solver output.
   :type verbose: bool, optional
   :param kwargs: Additional keyword arguments specifying solver specific options.
   :return: The optimal value for the problem, or a string indicating why the problem could not be solved.

We will discuss the optional arguments in detail below.

.. _solvers:

Choosing a solver
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

CVXPY is distributed with the open source solvers `ECOS`_, `ECOS_BB`_, `CVXOPT`_, and `SCS`_. CVXPY also supports `GLPK`_ via the CVXOPT GLPK interface. The table below shows the types of problems the solvers can handle.

+------------+----+------+-----+-----+-----+
|            | LP | SOCP | SDP | EXP | MIP |
+============+====+======+=====+=====+=====+
| `GLPK`_    | X  |      |     |     |     |
+------------+----+------+-----+-----+-----+
| `ECOS`_    | X  | X    |     |     |     |
+------------+----+------+-----+-----+-----+
| `ECOS_BB`_ | X  | X    |     |     | X   |
+------------+----+------+-----+-----+-----+
| `CVXOPT`_  | X  | X    | X   | X   |     |
+------------+----+------+-----+-----+-----+
| `SCS`_     | X  | X    | X   | X   |     |
+------------+----+------+-----+-----+-----+

Here EXP refers to problems with exponential cone constraints. The exponential cone is defined as

    :math:`\{(x,y,z) \mid y > 0, y\exp(x/y) \leq z \} \cup \{ (x,y,z) \mid x \leq 0, y = 0, z \geq 0\}`.

You cannot specify cone constraints explicitly in CVXPY, but cone constraints are added when CVXPY converts the problem into standard form.

By default CVXPY calls the solver most specialized to the problem type. For example, `ECOS`_ is called for SOCPs. `SCS`_ and `CVXOPT`_ can both handle all problems (except mixed-integer programs). `CVXOPT`_ is preferred by default. For many problems `SCS`_ will be faster, though less accurate. `ECOS_BB`_ is called for mixed-integer LPs and SOCPs.

You can change the solver called by CVXPY using the ``solver`` keyword argument. If the solver you choose cannot solve the problem, CVXPY will raise an exception. Here's example code solving the same problem with different solvers.

.. code:: python

    # Solving a problem with different solvers.
    x = Variable(2)
    obj = Minimize(x[0] + norm(x, 1))
    constraints = [x >= 2]
    prob = Problem(obj, constraints)

    # Solve with ECOS.
    prob.solve(solver=ECOS)
    print "optimal value with ECOS:", prob.value

    # Solve with ECOS_BB.
    prob.solve(solver=ECOS_BB)
    print "optimal value with ECOS_BB:", prob.value

    # Solve with CVXOPT.
    prob.solve(solver=CVXOPT)
    print "optimal value with CVXOPT:", prob.value

    # Solve with SCS.
    prob.solve(solver=SCS)
    print "optimal value with SCS:", prob.value

    # Solve with GLPK.
    prob.solve(solver=GLPK)
    print "optimal value with GLPK:", prob.value

.. parsed-literal::

    optimal value with ECOS: 5.99999999551
    optimal value with ECOS_BB: 5.99999999551
    optimal value with CVXOPT: 6.00000000512
    optimal value with SCS: 6.00046055789
    optimal value with GLPK: 6.0

Use the ``installed_solvers`` utility function to get a list of the solvers your installation of CVXPY supports.

.. code:: python

    print installed_solvers()

.. parsed-literal::

    ['CVXOPT', 'GLPK', 'ECOS_BB', 'ECOS', 'SCS']

Viewing solver output
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

All the solvers can print out information about their progress while solving the problem. This information can be useful in debugging a solver error. To see the output from the solvers, set ``verbose=True`` in the solve method.

.. code:: python

    # Solve with ECOS and display output.
    prob.solve(solver=ECOS, verbose=True)
    print "optimal value with ECOS:", prob.value

.. parsed-literal::

    ECOS 1.0.3 - (c) A. Domahidi, Automatic Control Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 2012-2014.

    It     pcost         dcost      gap     pres    dres     k/t     mu      step     IR
     0   +0.000e+00   +4.000e+00   +2e+01   2e+00   1e+00   1e+00   3e+00    N/A     1 1 -
     1   +6.451e+00   +8.125e+00   +5e+00   7e-01   5e-01   7e-01   7e-01   0.7857   1 1 1
     2   +6.788e+00   +6.839e+00   +9e-02   1e-02   8e-03   3e-02   2e-02   0.9829   1 1 1
     3   +6.828e+00   +6.829e+00   +1e-03   1e-04   8e-05   3e-04   2e-04   0.9899   1 1 1
     4   +6.828e+00   +6.828e+00   +1e-05   1e-06   8e-07   3e-06   2e-06   0.9899   2 1 1
     5   +6.828e+00   +6.828e+00   +1e-07   1e-08   8e-09   4e-08   2e-08   0.9899   2 1 1

    OPTIMAL (within feastol=1.3e-08, reltol=1.5e-08, abstol=1.0e-07).
    Runtime: 0.000121 seconds.

    optimal value with ECOS: 6.82842708233

Setting solver options
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The `ECOS`_, `ECOS_BB`_, `CVXOPT`_, and `SCS`_ Python interfaces allow you to set solver options such as the maximum number of iterations. You can pass these options along through CVXPY as keyword arguments.

For example, here we tell SCS to use an indirect method for solving linear equations rather than a direct method.

.. code:: python

    # Solve with SCS, use sparse-indirect method.
    prob.solve(solver=SCS, verbose=True, use_indirect=True)
    print "optimal value with SCS:", prob.value

.. parsed-literal::

    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
        SCS v1.0.5 - Splitting Conic Solver
        (c) Brendan O'Donoghue, Stanford University, 2012
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Lin-sys: sparse-indirect, nnz in A = 13, CG tol ~ 1/iter^(2.00)
    EPS = 1.00e-03, ALPHA = 1.80, MAX_ITERS = 2500, NORMALIZE = 1, SCALE = 5.00
    Variables n = 5, constraints m = 9
    Cones:  linear vars: 6
        soc vars: 3, soc blks: 1
    Setup time: 2.78e-04s
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Iter | pri res | dua res | rel gap | pri obj | dua obj | kap/tau | time (s)
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
         0| 4.60e+00  5.78e-01       nan      -inf       inf       inf  3.86e-05
        60| 3.92e-05  1.12e-04  6.64e-06  6.83e+00  6.83e+00  1.41e-17  9.51e-05
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Status: Solved
    Timing: Total solve time: 9.76e-05s
        Lin-sys: avg # CG iterations: 1.00, avg solve time: 2.24e-07s
        Cones: avg projection time: 4.90e-08s
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Error metrics:
    |Ax + s - b|_2 / (1 + |b|_2) = 3.9223e-05
    |A'y + c|_2 / (1 + |c|_2) = 1.1168e-04
    |c'x + b'y| / (1 + |c'x| + |b'y|) = 6.6446e-06
    dist(s, K) = 0, dist(y, K*) = 0, s'y = 0
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    c'x = 6.8284, -b'y = 6.8285
    ============================================================================
    optimal value with SCS: 6.82837896975

Here's the complete list of solver options.

`ECOS`_ options:

``'max_iters'``
    maximum number of iterations (default: 100).

``'abstol'``
    absolute accuracy (default: 1e-7).

``'reltol'``
    relative accuracy (default: 1e-6).

``'feastol'``
    tolerance for feasibility conditions (default: 1e-7).

``'abstol_inacc'``
    absolute accuracy for inaccurate solution (default: 5e-5).

``'reltol_inacc'``
    relative accuracy for inaccurate solution (default: 5e-5).

``'feastol_inacc'``
    tolerance for feasibility condition for inaccurate solution (default: 1e-4).

`ECOS_BB`_ options:

``'mi_max_iters'``
    maximum number of branch and bound iterations (default: 1000)

``'mi_abs_eps'``
    absolute tolerance between upper and lower bounds (default: 1e-6)

``'mi_rel_eps'``
    relative tolerance, (U-L)/L, between upper and lower bounds (default: 1e-3)

`CVXOPT`_ options:

``'max_iters'``
    maximum number of iterations (default: 100).

``'abstol'``
    absolute accuracy (default: 1e-7).

``'reltol'``
    relative accuracy (default: 1e-6).

``'feastol'``
    tolerance for feasibility conditions (default: 1e-7).

``'refinement'``
    number of iterative refinement steps after solving KKT system (default: 1).

``'kktsolver'``
    The KKT solver used. The default is a regularized LDL solver. The "chol" solver is faster but requires that A and [A; G] be full rank.

`SCS`_ options:

``'max_iters'``
    maximum number of iterations (default: 2500).

``'eps'``
    convergence tolerance (default: 1e-3).

``'alpha'``
    relaxation parameter (default: 1.8).

``'normalize'``
    whether to precondition data matrices (default: True).

``'use_indirect'``
    whether to use indirect solver for KKT sytem (instead of direct) (default: False).

Getting the standard form
-------------------------

If you are interested in getting the standard form that CVXPY produces for a problem, you can use the ``get_problem_data`` method. Calling ``get_problem_data(solver)`` on a problem object returns a dict of the arguments that CVXPY would pass to that solver. If the solver you choose cannot solve the problem, CVXPY will raise an exception.

.. code:: python

    # Get ECOS arguments.
    data = prob.get_problem_data(ECOS)

    # Get ECOS_BB arguments.
    data = prob.get_problem_data(ECOS_BB)

    # Get CVXOPT arguments.
    data = prob.get_problem_data(CVXOPT)

    # Get SCS arguments.
    data = prob.get_problem_data(SCS)

After you solve the standard conic form problem returned by ``get_problem_data``, you can unpack the raw solver output using the ``unpack_results`` method. Calling ``unpack_results(solver, solver_output)`` on a problem will update the values of all primal and dual variables as well as the problem value and status.

For example, the following code is equivalent to solving the problem directly with CVXPY:

.. code:: python

    # Get ECOS arguments.
    data = prob.get_problem_data(ECOS)
    # Call ECOS solver.
    solver_output = ecos.solve(data["c"], data["G"], data["h"],
                               data["dims"], data["A"], data["b"])
    # Unpack raw solver output.
    prob.unpack_results(ECOS, solver_output)

.. _CVXOPT: http://cvxopt.org/
.. _ECOS: https://www.embotech.com/ECOS
.. _ECOS_BB: https://www.embotech.com/ECOS
.. _SCS: http://github.com/cvxgrp/scs
.. _GLPK: https://www.gnu.org/software/glpk/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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I've built 2 computers with this mobo and would consider using it again. Anonymous Dec 04, Already searched all over the 'net;beep codes not to be found. Ask a Question Usually answered in minutes!
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Feb 26, Abit SG Motherboard. Click "Add" to insert your video. Posted by Bakewalk on Jul 30, Helpful 0 Not Helpful Comment Flag.
Jul 13, Abit SG Motherboard. It's worth a thousand words.
Newest Customer Reviews Sort by: When I troubleshoot monitor with another comp. Ohio Posted by Vdeo on Jul 30, Move the memory to another slot or replace the memory. However, there may be slight differences in store pricing or inventory compared to what is listed online. How can this be resolved. Aug 21, Abit SG Motherboard. I clean the CMOS.
You get what you pay for. I was replacng a home PC for surfing ang online classes and this seems to be working fine. We respect your privacy and take it very seriously. Best thing about this new service is that you are never placed on hold and get to talk to real repairmen in the US.


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Every new person on the CitySourced team goes through a 90-day employee onboarding, not unlike the idea Buffer uses to find the perfect fit for their team. The concept is simple, find the best people, see if there is a mutual fit between that person and the company. The onboarding period can be thought of as the dating period before getting married. The company always hires with the intent that it will be a good fit for both the person and the company; only once in eight years of this process has someone not move past the boot camp phase.
While I didn't keep a diary of all my experiences through this process I am going to do my best to fill you in on some of the biggest lessons for me and how I overcame them.
I have a bachelor's degree in Graphic Design, and previously I was an office manager in a marketing agency. Because of my interest in the entire customer process, my boss promoted me to Sales & Marketing Coordinator—I was horrible at the sales part of this job BTW!
After about a year in this position, my amazing boyfriend got a career opportunity just outside of Nashville, TN and I needed to make a change. I searched all over for a career opportunity that fit my skill sets and stumbled through a few interviews thinking 'man if only I could find a remote job.' Then I found CitySourced on angel.co and was intrigued—and I got an interview! So that was awesome!
There was a set process in place for the interviews using Skype and a presentation. My new boss, Andrew Kirk, was very transparent about the job requirements and what they were expecting. At the last interview, I presented my vision for CitySourced's marketing, including how I was going to accomplish all of my ambitious goals.
I started to become scared of the idea that I might not get this awesome job. I would have the opportunity to market to government officials, work remote, and be accountable and responsible for the company's full spectrum of marketing. I wanted to tell stories to the public sector that might not have been told before and to talk about the future of mobile platforms in government.
Spoiler Alert – I got the job! After putting fears aside and landing this job, I was so eager to start. I did a lot of research on how to be the best remote worker, how to collaborate and create content with different departments, and just really hunted for a lot of tricks and tips on marketing in the public sector. I officially started on May 15th and did a lot of learning, reading, and studying in my first 30 days. To my surprise, there wasn't much on how to target public officials or how to reach those officials, nor where they find information.
We used an amazing program called Asana to track tasks and manage the things that I needed to get done, It was organized by tasks I needed to do and learn each 30/60/90 days. Not everything that I did was on this checklist but there were a lot of things to get done or started within the first 90 days. The tasks started off being more about learning and educating myself then they became much more about taking initiative and doing things that needed to be done or taking things off of Andrew's plate that had to do with Marketing. Here is a quick view of some of the tasks that were assigned to me in Asana.
I quickly realized that working remote wasn't this easy-go-lucky thing, it took an extra special mindset to keep focused. At the same time, I also moved right as I was starting this career change! In the beginning, I had my 5-year old daughter playing in the house, my dog needing constant attention, and my house filled with boxes calling my name at all times. It was starting to eat away at me, so I did what any sane mother would do…. I sent my daughter to a day camp! 😛 Camp took the subliminally discouraging thought of my amazing daughter sitting upstairs on an IPad for 8 hours a day and turned it into quiet 'mommy gets to work time' that I really needed to help me focus.
Because I'm a person that leans toward… "oops I'm failing right now" when I am not going 100-miles-per-minute at all times, I wasn't sure if my new boss was pleased with my efforts or if I was failing. Working in an office my entire career, I wasn't sure how to tell if I was getting all the things I needed to do done.
I had to overcome this fear of failure. I'm my biggest critic. I needed to stop doubting myself and to understand when to reach out for help or clarification. But, I also needed to know when to just try and not be afraid to fail fast and then learn from my mistakes. There are no exact guidelines and I'm still learning.
By nature, I'm a process and planning kind of gal, which Andrew learned quickly. He pulled me into planning customer lifecycle marketing and content creation. While appreciative of my planning skills, Andrew also challenged me to move fast in publishing new content, without sacrificing quality.
While I am trying to quickly create content, I am also a marketer so I want those prospective people to actually convert. It may not be the goal at the moment but I need to think about how things will continue to push forward, evolve, and take flight. But while I am doing that, I need to take advantage of this industry and get Crap documented and out to the public. It's a balance that I have yet to master ;).


Meet my grandson Peter. Something was nibbling on my feet.
Peter told me I was fish bait!
He and I love to find things in creeks!
Pete also found a lot of crayfish.
Crayfish feed on vegetable and animal debris.
of aquarium plants in a fish tank.
Pete also found what we think are mayfly larvae.


Machine Control System is a one-off cost that continues to return benefits for the life of the machine plus it can be integrated with safety systems to provide unique solutions when machines need to be working within a defined area or site guidelines, which is the application of software and positioning technologies to make you more productive when excavating, grading, dredging or piling.
Trimble accounted for 35.42% of the global Machine Control System revenue market share in 2016. Followed players, Leica Geosystems (Hexagon) accounted for 25.70% market share, and Topcon Corporation 17.62% market share.
Global giant manufactures mainly distributed in North America and Europe. They have unshakable status in this field. The key product markets locate at North America and Europe. USA takes the market share of 47.51% in 2015.
The worldwide market for Machine Control System is expected to grow at a CAGR of roughly 12.3% over the next five years, will reach 5290 million US$ in 2024, from 2640 million US$ in 2019, according to a new GIR (Global Info Research) study.
This report focuses on the Machine Control System in global market, especially in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East and Africa. This report categorizes the market based on manufacturers, regions, type and application.
Chapter 1, to describe Machine Control System product scope, market overview, market opportunities, market driving force and market risks.
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Machine Control System, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Machine Control System in 2017 and 2018.
Chapter 3, the Machine Control System competitive situation, sales, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the Machine Control System breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales, revenue and growth by regions, from 2014 to 2019.
Chapter 12, Machine Control System market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2019 to 2024.
Chapter 13, 14 and 15, to describe Machine Control System sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion, appendix and data source.


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Web Broadcasters Plan Protests Over Music Royalty Payments
Published 10:59 AM ET Mon, 25 June 2007 Updated 3:04 PM ET Thu, 5 Aug 2010 CNBC.com
Some fans of Internet radio may click on their favorite Web site and hear nothing but silence on Tuesday.
Web broadcasters are planning to turn off their music for the day in protest of higher statutory royalty rates for recording artists. Those participating in the event include Live 365, Pandora Media and Yahoo's Yahoo Music.
Internet Radio Fight 11:34 AM ET Mon, 25 June 2007
"The arbitrary and drastic rate increases set by the Copyright Royalty Board on March 2nd threaten the very livelihood of thousands of webcasters and their millions of listeners throughout the country," said Jake Ward, a spokesperson for the SaveNetRadio coalition, which is helping to organize the protest, in a written statement.
It still remains to be seen if some of the larger Internet broadcasters will participate in the demonstration. According to The Wall Street Journal, Time Warner's AOL doesn't plan on participating, and Clear Channel Communications says it hasn't yet decided whether it would.
Silence may mean different things to different broadcasts. Some may opt to shut off their streams entirely, while others may replace the music portion of their programming with long periods of silence, static or a similar noise.
Some online broadcasters say the new rate structure, which will cost several times more than their current total revenue, will put them out of business.
The new rates were announced in March. They start at 0.08 cent per song, per play, per listener, and rise to 0.19 cent by 2010. The fees will be charged retroactively starting in 2006, and will be due on July 15.
SoundExchange, the organization that collects the fees, has proposed some relief for smaller Webcasters, but the industry has rejected that proposal, saying it would discourage growth.
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