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Is Chocolate Gluten-Free?
More in Special Diets
Cooking/Dining Out
Learn which types of chocolate to buy when you're on the gluten-free diet
Jane Anderson is a medical journalist and an expert in celiac disease, gluten sensitivity, and the gluten-free diet.
Medically reviewed by Emmy Ludwig, MD on June 18, 2017
Emmy Ludwig, MD, is board-certified in gastroenterology and hepatology. She practices at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York.
Emmy Ludwig, MD
Verywell / Alexandra Shytsman
Pure, unsweetened chocolate is gluten-free. That's because pure chocolate is made by liquefying roasted cacao beans, and gluten—a protein found in the grains wheat, barley, and rye—isn't found in cacao beans and doesn't play any role in the process of liquefying them. However, almost every chocolate candy on the market contains multiple ingredients and is made alongside other products, and that's where gluten can sneak in. You need to be particularly careful of:
Chocolate candy with cookie or pretzel ingredients (this type of candy almost always contains gluten, since cookies and pretzels generally contain gluten)
"Crispy" chocolate candy, which often contains wheat flour and/or barley malt (two gluten-containing ingredients), and
Chocolate candy made on equipment that's also used to manufacture gluten-containing products
Read on for more details on how chocolate is made and which types are gluten-free.
Why Only Some Chocolate Is Gluten-Free
Yes, pure chocolate—made from roasted cacao beans—is gluten-free. But it also doesn't taste very good. In fact, some people argue that it tastes a little like dirt.
To make the purest version of the sweetened, smooth candy we know as "chocolate," manufacturers take what's called "chocolate liquor" (which isn't alcoholic—it's just those liquefied cacao beans, sometimes also called "cocoa mass") and blend it with cocoa butter (fat from the cacao beans), plus sugar.
Some of the highest-quality chocolates available include only these three ingredients, and it's this combination that makes "chocolate" such a taste sensation. The purest milk chocolates contain just one additional ingredient: powdered milk.
Still, most of what we normally think of as "chocolate" contains many more than just those three or four ingredients. In fact, one of the most popular candy bars on the market—Hershey's Milk Chocolate Bar—contains 11 ingredients, and the first two are sugar and milk, not chocolate or cocoa butter. (Hershey's Milk Chocolate Bar (1.55oz. only) is considered gluten-free, by the way.)
How Can Gluten Get Into Chocolate?
It's possible even for pure, unsweetened chocolate to contain a bit of gluten if it's been subjected to gluten cross-contamination in harvesting or processing (for example, if the cacao beans are processed on equipment that also processes wheat, barley, or rye).
Sadly, the chances of having your chocolate contain gluten just go up from there—the more ingredients used in your chocolate (or that are used in the facility that makes your chocolate), the higher the risk.
Obviously, some chocolate candy products feature gluten ingredients—either in the form of wheat (most frequently in chocolate-cookie confections) or in the form of barley malt (a popular sweetener frequently used in candy, especially in crispy rice and malted confections). For example, Hershey's Whoppers include both barley malt and wheat flour in their recipe, which places them off-limits for those following the gluten-free diet.
Other chocolate candies contain no gluten ingredients, but they are subject to gluten cross-contamination because they're made on the same manufacturing equipment or in the same facilities as those gluten-containing items. In my surveys of candy manufacturers, this seems to be the biggest reason many chocolates aren't considered gluten-free.
Which Chocolate Contains Gluten?
Examples of chocolate candy that are not gluten-free include:
Hershey's Cookies 'N' Creme bar and Nestle's Kit Kat bar, both of which feature chocolate combined with cookie ingredients
M&Ms Pretzel, since the pretzels used are made with wheat
Butterfinger Crisp Bar, which contains wheat flour
Lindt Chocolate's Lindor Truffles, because they're made with barley malt
Finally, most chocolate candy made on equipment that's also used to manufacture gluten-containing products will not be considered gluten-free. Examples of this include:
All Lindt products (They're made on the same equipment as Lindt chocolate products that are made with barley malt, which means they're not gluten-free.)
Certain flavored M&Ms, which are made on the same equipment as M&M Pretzel candies
Some Butterfinger Bar sizes (While the ingredients are gluten-free, some sizes of these are made on shared equipment.)
Is White Chocolate Gluten-Free?
Generally, pure white chocolate is made from cocoa butter, milk, and sugar—it gets its much milder taste from the cocoa butter, and doesn't include any chocolate liquor (which contains the flavor we think of as "chocolate"). Since cocoa butter, milk, and sugar are gluten-free ingredients (assuming they've been protected from gluten cross-contamination), pure white chocolate made from only those three ingredients is gluten-free.
However, most white chocolate bars contain more than just those three ingredients, and therefore could include gluten ingredients or be subject to gluten cross-contamination. You should carefully check the label of any white chocolate bar before purchasing. .
Chocoholics have no need to despair—there are many gluten-free chocolate candies on the market.
If you're looking for a plain or flavored chocolate bar, my article on premium and gourmet gluten-free chocolate bars will help you figure out what's safe and what's not (there are several brands I can recommend). If you want chocolates in a gift box, my article on gluten-free gift candy boxes should point you in a safe direction.
For more mainstream candy, check out my master gluten-free candy list. That list also includes links to information on holiday-themed candies such as those sold for Valentine's Day and Easter.
Although many chocolate products you see in stores won't be considered gluten-free, it's still possible to get your chocolate fix even if you're following a gluten-free diet by choosing a gluten-free chocolate from one of those lists.
Learn Which Hot Chocolate Brands Are Gluten-free
Following a gluten-free diet can be challenging. We're here to help. Sign up and receive our free recipe guide for delicious gluten-free meals!
Celiac Disease Foundation. Gluten Free Living. About Gluten. Woodland Hills, Ca.:Celiac Disease Foundation 1998-2019
The Hershey Company. What's Inside. Gluten Free. Hershey, Pa.:The Hershey Company 2020
Beyond Celiac. Cross-Contact. Ambler, Pa.:Beyond Celiac, 2019.
Lindt. Frequently Asked Questions About Lindt and LindtUSA.com. Is there gluten or barley malt in Lindt chocolate? Kilchberg, Switzerland:Lindt and Sprungli Group, 2020
Celiac Disease Foundation. Gluten-Free Diet Food Label Reading Guide. Woodland Hills, Ca.:Celiac Disease Foundation, 2017
Celiac Disease Foundation. Gluten-Free Living. Gluten-Free Candy List. Woodland Hills, Ca.:Celiac Disease Foundation 1998-2019
Beyond Celiac. Gluten Free Certification. Ambler, Pa.:Beyond Celiac, 2019.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Food Labeling and Nutrition. Questions and Answers on the Gluten-Free Food Labeling Final Rule. Silver Spring, Md.:U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 07-16-2018.
Celiac Disease Foundation. What Should I Eat? Fact Sheet.
9 High-End Chocolate Bars That Are Truly Gluten-Free
The Most Comprehensive Gluten-Free Candy List Available
How to Eat Chocolate When You're on a Diet
Gluten-Free Valentine's Day Candy From Hearts to Hershey's Kisses
An Overview of Gluten-Free Snacks
Can You Eat Barley If You're Gluten-Free?
The Best Choices for Gluten-Free Gift Candy Boxes
The Best Candy for a Gluten-Free Easter
People With Gluten Sensitivity Still Have Many Alcohol Options
Thirsty? Here's Which Sports Drinks Are Gluten-Free
Is Rice Always Gluten-Free? (No, Sometimes It's Not!)
Why Gluten-Free Dieters May Have Issues With Certain Types of Milk
Getting Started with the Gluten-Free Diet
The Healthiest and Unhealthiest Nestle Candy Choices
Some Brands of Hot Tea May Not Actually Be Gluten-Free


15 april 2019 A total of 19,840 visa and work permit applications for highly skilled migrants, EU Blue Cards and intra corporate transferees were filed in 2018. In 2017 this number was 16,640: an increase of almost 20 percent. Of all applications filed, a total of 94 percent was approved. In 2017 the approval rate was also 94 percent. Click here for all numbers in 2018 (only in Dutch).
Most foreigners are Indian nationals, followed as second by US nationals and the third largest group are Chinese nationals.


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You are here: Home » Current Affairs » Football World Cup 2014: And So It Begins!
Football World Cup 2014: And So It Begins!
On Thursday the 12th of June 2014 an event, arguably the most popular in the world, will begin once again after its four-year sabbatical. I am of course referring to the football World Cup hosted by Brazil. With under seven months to go we can expect to look forward to a tremendous amount of hype with every company that can associating their brand with the monumental competition. I have just seen the below advert for Hyundai, one of the official partners of FIFA and this release surely marks the beginning:
Despite being a significant amount of time away, Hyundai have already capitalised on the excitement that is beginning to grow for the upcoming tournament. The world knows it is getting close when suddenly their TVs are plagued with footballs and World Cup references. As such, it would be fair to say that the World Cup is starting now and not in June. We should all prepare ourselves for the hype that will inevitably grow over the coming six months.
Having established that, the next question must be, what can we expect from a World Cup in Brazil? The answer, the media suggests, is several fairly major problems. Fifa stipulated that Brazil only need build 8 major football stadiums, but Brazil, wishing to compliment the huge love for football which exists within its borders, decided to build an optimistic 12 stadiums. However, several of them look as if they will not meet their end of year deadline for completion and as such could risk rushed and unsafe building techniques, or perhaps not finishing on time at all. Further to this, the BBC reports that the local accommodation to these stadiums will not be able to deal with the sheer number of fans and supporters that will flood their gates. Simply put, there will not be enough room in the inn.
Whilst it is almost certainly true that this is currently the case, it is also the case that before almost every major event such as the World Cup or Olympic Games, the media has reported stressful circumstances in which there will be huge problems that have no solution. After all, weren't we told the London Olympic Games wouldn't be ready and would cost a hundred times what they were meant to etc.?
Brazil will rise to the occasion, of this I have no doubt. They will find a way, as nations always have and the World Cup will be a fantastic event for a country that loves football as much as or perhaps even more than any other.
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The purpose of the Forum co-hosting with the representatives of different states was primarily to establish a dialogue between foreign specialists and investors and to attract their attention to the Ukrainian real estate market. The organizers noted that every year, the number of foreign visitors during the EE Real Estate Forum was growing significantly. So, this year, Turkish investors have shown considerable activity.
Within the four discussion panels, the experts discussed investment opportunities and potential of the participating countries, the problems of urban and social project development, trends in each of the segments of the real estate market, legal aspects and relations with state authorities during work with the investor, residential real estate market trends, etc.


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HuaiXin
Chibi Commandant Supreme
Last Visit: 04-17-2018
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Wolesz
RPXP: 341
Commissar Dolokhov Name: Makar Alexeevich Dolokhov
Place of Birth: St. Petersburg
Class: Dedicated
Description: There is something unsettling in Dolokhov. Perhaps it is his sharp, almost predatory facial features - the arched, clear-cut eyebrows, hooked nose, mouth locked in a perpetual scowl, and the often half-shut, piercing eyes that seem to continuously judge other men. Maybe it is his stride, confident and uncaring for anyone in the way. Possibly it is because of his voice, not exceptional in timbre, but in the tone - used to yelling, scolding, mocking, insulting, and coarse, spiteful laughter. A voice full of anger upon the fellow man.
The man is certainly not towering or incredibly strong, but yet he behaves himself as if he was the absolute master and commander. Order is the standard mode of his speech.
Dolokhov smokes a lot. He always takes utmost care to finish the cigarette, especially if there are other smokers in his vicinity.
Personality(RP Sample): Creaks and snaps of cut wood filled the air. Prisoners toiled away in the tundra, cutting, hacking, chopping. They did a remarkable job at pretending to work hard, and the foreman, also a prisoner, excelled at pretending not to see. The guards couldn't care less. Not in the temperatures of Kolyma. Rather than that, they smoked and pleasured themselves with sitting next to the fire. Waiting for the return to camp seemed the only reasonable thing to do.
Dolokhov walked around with a rifle on his arm; it was his turn to watch for the "zeks". They irritated him. Not due to their sluggishness. Not because they were political prisoners and living proof of everything wrong about the "Glorious Motherland". Not because they were stinky. Their begging for cigarette stubs also wasn't the reason. Neither was the commotion when one dropped from exhaustion and others rushed to retrieve his shoes, scarf or bushlat while said clothing was still warm. No, the prisoners angered Makar simply because they were there. Because he had to watch them in the goddamn cold. There was nothing deep to it. Just frustration. Realising that the prisoners probably thought this way of each other as well did not really help.
So, Dolokhov decided he would at least have some fun. He sidetracked away from the perimeter and approached the nearest zek. The slouching, emaciated man barely managed to look in Makar's direction before getting a boot in the stomach. He fell to the ground and covered his head in resignation. Makar gave him another kick before walking away. He strode between the trees, brandishing his huge gloves.
Dolokhov's gloves were a minor legend in the camp. Makar had the peculiar habit of hitting prisoners in the face with these. And in winter, the climate of the Far North gave them the rigidity of cement. Many a time they were in action, and the broken noses of zeks could tell that.
Joined by another bored guard, Makar approached a different convict, and prepared for issuing another beating. But something was different. This time, Dolokhov's sharp, unforgiving eye met a gaze of defiance. This man was young, and not yet brutalised by Kolyma. This man's gaze said Hit me, bastard, and I'll die here for assaulting a guard. This man's fist firmly gripping his axe gave a similar message. For a second, the master and slave stared at each other. The slave prepared for a short and brutal future. The master remembered his past, when he too wished only to die standing for the cause and found living on one's knees unthinkable. When he thought all men brothers and sisters, and unequal distribution of wealth the only oppressor. When he pitied the proletariat of the West. He thought of all his love for the fellow man, and the anger and spite that took its place. He tried to continue looking at the prisoner with life expectancy of some three months and understood the superiority of this man. But he could not withstand the sight of a testament to his downfall.
Dolokhov turned to the other guard. "Let's go", he said in a sad voice. "No joy from this one."
Background: Makar's parents were dedicated supporters of Communism and raised their child in utter devotion to the system. As a teenager he joined the Komsomol and wasn't really remarkable - the usual youthful drive to adventure and idealism, in this case profound patriotism. The only sign of rebellion was defying his parents' will to pursue a bureaucratic career after joining the Party - apart from blind devotion to Communist ideals he exhibited no extraordinary political skill, and seemed aware of that. He was drawn to serving the greater good through more basic means.
It was 1932 when Makar managed to combine this still strong youthful drive with a thirst for seeing faraway lands. He found himself on the payroll of the then young Dalstroy, as a guard in the Far North.
The Kolyma region has a corruptive influence, not only on the prisoners, but also on the camp staff. The nearly ten years snuffed out any idealism Makar could have had, exposing him to the underbelly of the Soviet state and putting him in the role of an oppressor. He was there in the dreaded 1938 and witnessed the fate of victims of the purges firsthand. He saw and did things no one should know about. And when everything he believed in turned out to be a lie, he embraced the moral decay of the camp - clinging to old beliefs would make him too much like the prisoners he hated.
But still, the better part of Dolokhov did not wither completely - there remained a desire to do something good and meaningful in his life. And the opportunity came with the war. Due to his exemplary performance in the Gulag, he was offered a position in the NKVD and a frontline occupation of a political officer. Being aware that any additional time spent in Kolyma would only further his corruption, he agreed without any second thoughts. Soon he found himself on his way to Stalingrad.
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Kittenmancer
Space dragon
Name: Ekaterina Kolyevna
Place of Birth: Saratov
Class: Fast Hero (sniper)
Roleplay sample/background/description/personality:
The soldier next to her is now asleep, his head occasionally lolling on her shoulder and then away again as the rattle of the train shakes them all like beans in a tin can. Earlier he tried to hit on her, as had many others in the compartment; not because she's any great beauty, but it's what you do as a soldier when there's a woman around. Only she is a soldier as well and a few sharp words had served them as a reminder of that. She pauses her reading for a moment, closing the book over her index finger that serves as bookmark. Anyone who cares to look at the cover (and who can read, of course) can decipher the title: "Pуководство по прохождении pек", Manual on River Crossing Operations, by the Narkomat of Defense. It's a new book that she bought as soon as she received her new posting, knowing as she did that Stalingrad is on the west bank of the great Volga river. She has other books in her knapsack, all of them about military maneuvers, Soviet Army combat techniques, operating and maintenance manuals for various weapons. She likes being well-prepared.
Snowflakes blow into the compartment through the slit to her left, settling on her dark hair. She pays them no mind, a soldier should be used to hardship and she's no stranger to snow and cold; during winters in her native Saratov, temperatures can dip as low as -30 degrees Celsius. For a few moments she spares a thought to family and friends, now many kilometers behind her. In her class at the Conservatory, she was one of the few to volunteer when the call of the Motherland came. The others... cowards, all of them. Pampered sons and daughters of bourgeois families and intellectuals, who were afraid to fight and die for their country. She remembered her roots though, and those roots were soaked with blood. Her peasant grandparents had fought in the Great Revolution, helping to overthrow the blood-sucking parasites and install the glorious soviet rule. She thought of their small village of Krasny Kut and how they had hunted water fowl there when food was scarce. Her grandfather had taught her how to shoot a rifle and how to hit a moving target. She felt a swell of pride as she remembered how well this had served her in basic training after volunteering; she had been the only one in her group to always hit the practice targets, moving or not.
A soldier across from Ekaterina stirs awake, blinking sleepily at her. She knows what he sees: a serious-looking girl, her Tatar heritage plain in the darker shade of her skin, black eyes, straight nose and prominent cheekbones. Her hands are now clasped in her lap over the book, her thin, long fingers belying the tremendous strength developed by years of playing the cello. Her hands are one of her greatest asset and she takes great care of them. Her fingernails are always trimmed and clean and she keeps a small jar of tallow-based hand cream from her grandmother to prevent her skin from getting dry and cracked. Fierce woman, her grandmother. Ekaterina has some of her fire, but it's tempered by her father's calculating nature and thus it flares up only occasionally. Her family was so proud of her when she volunteered. Her older brothers had been fighting on the Crimean front at first, and after the German offensive on the Kerch peninsula had been redeployed to the North Caucasus front. It's been a while since they had received any news from them. Ekaterina hopes they're still alive, but if they aren't at least she knows they gave their life to defend their country, and there's no greater honour than that.
Playing Torra Voliokerdam, dwarf kineticist,
and Sette Tawhoq, ratfolk investigator.
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Smaranda (Charnel Crown)
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Xiang Jin (SoEN)
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Cheaplaffs
Great Wyrm
Name: Viktor Ovitchken
Place of Birth: Moscow
Class: Smart 2
Description: A commanding figure on the battlefield despite his relative short height somewhere around 5'9, Junior Commissar Ovitchken has strong features that ease him into a command position. Well-built but green around the ears, Ovitchken keeps his hair so short it is almost non-existant. A scar runs across his right cheek from a wound recieved as a child. This has earned him the nick-name among officers "Young Commissar Scar." Not particular to his special uniform, Ovitchken can be seen often shedding the heavy red coat and hat when not in the presense of other officers, and finds it too flashy. That, and the young man is accutely aware of news from the Front - especially the knowledge that German snipers target officers in uniform. Still, he is an officer of the books and pays close attention to how his men present themselves and act.
Personality: Young Commissar Scar as he is called among his men and fellow officers is a man of dual identities. In stature and rank he is a stellar officer, expecting perfection and strict discipline among his men. Not because he cares about regimentation and tradition of stark obediance like his comrade commissars, but because he knows that men who fall behind get killed. Secretly petrified of losing anyone under his command, he expects too much of his men, coming across as a hard-nose. But in reality Viktor loves to shed his uniform and mingle with the men, often drinking and socializing them whenever he can. He likes to get to know them, and like a father, a brother, work his leadership around their particular needs as both a unit and an individual. Cohesion, not adhesion to rules is the secret to victory, he has learned. Unlike many of his colleagues and comrades in Command, Viktor values the lives of every single man, and sees the Red Army as a sea of faces, not a sea of numbers, which many of them are made out to be.
Knowing they will face a hardened German enemy that is well-fortified and eager to kill Russians with little ammunition and supplies, Ovitchken does his best to prepare his men, to give them the best possible chance of survival. But deep down, he knows the greatest challenge will be to give them orders he know will get them killed. All in the name of a greater Russian victory, somewhere over the horizon. He is sympathetic, but practical. He tells no one. No one that does not already know. His men will find out eventually, and with luck, be prepared enough to look the German in the face from across his fascist machine guns and tanks and aircraft and say, proudly, 'Not one step further into my Motherland.'
Background: Born the son of a Great War veteran and Russian General, Viktor's father was influential in the October revolution in 1916, and retired one of Stalin's highest ranking officers. When it came time for his son to follow in his footsteps, war was already brewing in Europe for a second time. But back then, it was the Polish they were preparing to fight. By the time Viktor had made it to the front, however, the Motherland had already been invaded by the Fascists, and a tenth of the Soviet Union was already gone. Hearing about the atrocities committed by the invading German army - about the entire villages slaughtered down to the last child, many things became suddenly confusing. Was Germany not their ally, preparing weeks earlier to split the spanse of Poland between them? If the Germans were capable of such atrocities against Slavs... what had his own people done to the Poles? What black secrets had been buried in that forest years earlier... what had his Comrades kept from his knowledge?
By the time he had time to process any of these new developments, it was too late. Thrust into a command position, Ovitchken struggles to keep his mouth closed and follow orders he know do not invest anything into his or his men's survival. Despite his desire to keep his men alive, he knows his wife and young daughter are back in Moscow, awaiting word from Stalingrad. If the Red Army is defeated here, the Germans will be able to move on and occupy the vital oil fields in the mountains, and then, there will be nothing stopping a German blitzkrieg the following spring. He knows he has to survive, not only to see them again, but to keep the Germans from reaching his family first.
Last edited by Cheaplaffs; 02-11-2012 at 02:29 PM.
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BloodyDove
SPAAAAAAACE!!!!!
Name: Alexi Cherenkov
Birthplace: Bila Tserkva, Ukraine
Class: Fast Hero (Recon and automatic weapons)
RP Sample:
A particularly harsh jolt from a poorly worked stretch of track was enough to wake one of the soldiers within the tightly packed train car. Rubbing his head where it had smashed against the window frame, the tall but gaunt looking man yawned behind his roughly trimmed brown mustache. He finished his examination of his head wound and, satisfied it was nothing worse than a small bump, reached into his greatcoat pocket for his lighter and the cigarettes he'd spent the last of his rubles on at the train station where they'd all been crammed on board like canned sausages. He sucked gratefully at the cigarette, coughing as the harsh smoke irritated his lungs. Damn, didn't think the tobacco could get any worse. Bet it's nothing but hay and horse droppings by the war's end. The Fascists, God damn every last one of their Nazi hearts, still get half-decent smokes. Almost makes a man want to start chanting "Down with Stalin, Long live Hitler!" Heh, almost.
Alexi fought a smile from coming to his lips, as though it would have somehow betrayed his unpatriotic thought to the whole compartment, joke though it may have been. Granted, even when he'd been a policeman in Kiev, he'd never cared much for politics. Oh sure, he went to all the political meetings, mouthed the catchy phrases spouted forth by the party secretary, and so forth, he was no fool. But that had been survival, plain and simple. Better to be bored for a few hours a week than end up in the gulag like that idiot cousin of his. Still, there'd been plenty of good times, good nights... before the damned Fascists came.
His good mood was gone now as he began to remember again what the nights spent drinking vodka since then had failed to help him forget. The flight from the city with his partner and friend Pyotr, just before the Fascist's army completed the great encirclement that swallowed up 600,000 of the Motherland's defenders. They'd both seen the writing on the wall, knew full well that the trap was slamming shut and that the first thing the Germans would do after marching into Kiev would be to line up and shoot every policeman and Party member in the city. So they'd fled, ashamed but alive, ditching their car when it out of gasoline and fleeing into the farmlands.
They joined the partisans, of course. It was a lively bunch, but comradely. Alexi and Pyotr, the Kirpov twins built like bulls, the young widowed sniper Marta, wily old Oleg who'd fought them in the last war, and others he could no longer remember. For a while, they seemed as if invincible. They were fast, the Germans were slow. The Fascists were so busy driving the Red Army into the mud they seemed to forget about guarding their supply lines.
Until they figured it out in that damned field anyway. Alexi's eyes closed as if in pain, as the memory that refused to die came to him once again. Late October, the early morning frost, the field's wheat lying in dead ruin after it had failed to be harvested when the farmers had fled east. The Fascist shouts as their machineguns erupted, sweeping through the partisans like a scythe through the very wheat field they now lay bleeding and dying in. Alexi had been to the far left, had been spared the horrifying executioner's axe of the MG34s. There was nothing he could do for any of them, for his friend Pyotr, nothing he could do but run, and run...
The forgotten cigarette singed his fingers, and with a muttered curse, he tossed it out the window to the frozen fields beyond it. No worries, comrades. I shall see you soon I think... but not before I get myself a proper Fascist honor guard to accompany me to Hell.
"Alright, this next test may involve trace amounts of time travel. So, word of advice: If you meet yourself on the testing track, don't make eye contact. Lab boys tell me that'll wipe out time. Entirely. Forward and backward."
~Cave Johnson, Portal 2
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orangehatter
Dance is what Dance does
Name: Dupree "Snap" Banks
Place of Birth:Volgograd
Class: Fast/Sniper
Description: Skin bald Snap has the developed physique of a soldier without any of the stereotypical facial features. At 5' 10" and 187lbs., he has long thick forearms and exceptionally slender fingers. His eyebrows are small and hairy, like two tiny caterpillars, and are hunched tight over his mellow green eyes. The color is unusual for his deep brown skin. His nose is not thin, and hooks forward harshly much in the manner of a steel hook. His full lips are wide and stand out against high cheekbones and a sharp jaw line. His ears are oddly squared off at their tip, and his chin has a defiant cleft carved straight down the middle.
Personality: "Snap" has always been a man of direct focus. Being quite a unique individual in terms of appearance, he was never prone to extroverted socialization. He is one of the few black men to ever have fought for Russia, yet obviously has not found much attention for such a feat. As such, he has developed a grand resiliency to harsh words and even harsher treatment. His mettle has turned his words to icy spikes of realism while maintaining a noble composure. In his area of duty, he has found friends in the most uncommon of places and enemies in the worst of them. He is strongly guarded against all but a friendly face, and seems to constantly be self-aware of his skin tone. While he serves his country with fervor, he certainly doesn't trust all the citizens that are held behind its borders.
Despite his resiliency toward retroactive racism, Snap has a fond love of Russia. For quite some time, he's found a unity in the country that is incomparable from the land of America his parents spoke to him about. His feeling of individuality can hardly be diminished in the cold, harsh fields of the motherland.
Dupree Banks' family had moved to Russia while he was still quite young. Banks' father Gerard was both a musician and factory worker who moved his family out of America, fed up with the fear of the mass lynchings that were taking place over the last 12 years. A quite wealthy friend of his sponsored his trip, and put him in connection with an orchestra. With his son taken care of by his wife Esther, Gerard was doing quite well for himself.
While he was young, Dupree was raised both on American and Russian literary classics. He was both an active and educated boy. His mother was fond of the country in spite of the few that still leaned in disfavor of their being there. In school, Dupree was unaware of the idea of racism until he reached the 6th grade. His parents were quick to reiterate how much worse it was in America. The were eager to tell Dupree of his forefather's struggle and the opportunity he was given in not having to worry about his life every day. Reinforced by both his parents and the school system, Dupree's commitment to Russia was steeply engrained in his heart.
During the 1932 famine, and long after their old friend passed away, the Banks' family had to resort to hunting in order to adjust to the inflated price of food. Dupree dropped out of school so he could hunt himself while his father continued his work. Selling his trumpet in place of a hunting rifle, Dupree quickly found a knack with shooting. He spent his time helping people in the countryside collect food, endearing him to many distant neighbors. Eventually his good work and good fortune ran out as he was caught killing animals on unauthorized property when he was 25 years old. He was arrested and fined heavily. In place of having to pay the fines, he gladly enlisted with the military. He has since boarded a train heading to his next posting with the Rifle Division...
Computers were on lock down here for a security violation thanks to some morons. Back in full effect!
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Rosauro Qutaybah
Name: Mikhail Seminov
Place of Birth: Krasnoyarsk
Class: Tough Hero to Soldier
Description: The first word that comes to mind when one sees Mikhail is big, he's a big lad with muscles that bulge under his grey people's army trench coat as he hugs himself to keep warm in the cold train compartment. His full, black beard covers most of his face and seems to merge with the army issued ushanka ear flaps he has near permanently tied down (partly to protect his ears from the noise of heavy arms fire). He has piercing green eyes and when told a joke or he hears a song he has an honest smile that seems to light up his whole face. His dark skin colour and slightly sloped eyes show that his white family has been intermixing with the local Tatars for generations.
Personality: Mikhail is what you would call a gentle giant, his sheer size meant that he rarely had to scrap with the other boys whilst growing up and he doesn't have to prove how strong he is so until the call for volunteers went out across the motherland he never saw the point of violence. He has a deep sense of honour and even though he has heard the gripe of many a gulag banishee he holds a huge love for the socialist republic, because of this he is a happy volunteer to the 39th Guard, a prestigious unit to be sure. Besides all this Mikhail loves cheap liquor and hard women (as opposed to vice versa) as well as dirty jokes, music (all kinds from ballroom waltzes to cossack jigs) and a job well done.
Background: Apparently the Seminovs first arrived in Krasnoyarsk back in the 1820s because his grandfather's grandfather was a young soldier in the Decembrist revolution, one of the few to escape both death in the affray and execution. Since then the Seminov boys were taught of the illegitimacy of the current royal line and it wasn't much of a step for them to buy into the emerging popular socialist movement. Mikhail's father took a minor part in the war due to his dedication to doing his job regardless but he was as red as a white man's face during Siberian summer.
Mikhail's father worked at the river dock yards in Krasnoyarsk but unlike most of the other workers there he had been born in that city and was a free and upstanding citizen. He had worked hard and had backed neither the reds nor the whites during the civil war, preferring to keep his head down and his nose clean ; leaving war and politics to those better suited to it. He has seen the docks change completely from when he was a boy ; now all steel and machines but that hasn't changed his work ethic.
Mikhail was brought up to respect hard work like his father and had been given the task of maintaining the house as soon as he was big enough to heft an axe ; freeing up the old man to spend more time at his work and with his coworkers. Considering that he was well fed (the local party member had taken a shine to his father as a hard working member of the proletariat) and put to work as much as possible his body developed quickly and impressively...
When the first news of the great patriotic war reached the sleepy Siberian settlement Mikhail went straight from his work chopping lumber to sign up to fight for the motherland. Seeing as he was still a few weeks shy of his seventeenth birthday and the newly assigned lieutenant was a friend of his mothers he was turned back in favour of a fresh crop of men eager to escape the gulag regardless of the cost. He spent the next year training with his father's old hunting rifle in the woods outside of town and applying again at the office every week.
When the need was finally great enough for the friendly giant to be recruited they shipped him off to basic training with the rifle unit (being a free and respected member of society instead of a gulagee they thought he might be of more use than just massed infantry). On the first day of training the sergeant took one look at his heavy frame and decided he was the one to lug around (and therefore fire) the heavy equipment such as the PTRD and the DPMG.
No one would care so he has neglected to tell anyone that his eighteenth birthday is actually today and he is busy sitting around freezing his hoie off and wondering if he will have to kill or die to help save the people's republic from the invading fascists.
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Tesla hit by class action over 'dangerously defective' Autopilot software
Tesla Inc. was sued by vehicle owners over claims its Autopilot AP2.0 feature is "essentially unusable and demonstrably dangerous" when engaged.
The suit details "Tesla's deceptive rollout" of both the Standard Safety Features and its new Enhanced Autopilot, which were touted as safe and "stress-free" for the driver. Consumers report Tesla vehicles equipped with the new Autopilot AP2.0 "behaving as if a drunk driver is at the wheel," according to the lawsuit, and the suit states that the automaker knew that its software was incapable of upholding its promises to purchasers.
Over-the-air updates were either not delivered, they claim, or degraded performance of their cars' autopilots compared to the original version. It is said that 50,000 Model S cars are affected by the disputed updates.
The lawsuit, filed Apr. 19, 2017, in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, states, "Unwittingly, buyers of affected vehicles have become beta testers of half-baked software that renders Tesla vehicles dangerous if engaged."
According to the complaint, Tesla sold about 47,000 affected Model S and Model X vehicles in Q4 2016 and Q1 2017, and damages for each model would include the value of the standard safety features that do not exist in all the affected cars, plus the $5,000 premium cost of the nonfunctional Enhanced Autopilot feature that many customers also purchased
The lawsuit states that Tesla missed deadline after deadline that it gave purchasers. Regarding its Standard Safety Features which include automatic emergency braking, front collision warning, side collision warning and auto high beams, Tesla told consumers these features would be available by December 2016 and "roll out through over-the-air software updates," but to date, only a dangerously defective Traffic Aware Cruise Control has actually come to fruition, according to the suit. The remaining features simply do not exist.
The lawsuit details accounts of three named plaintiffs who purchased affected Tesla vehicles for prices ranging from about $81,000 to $113,000. In each instance, when purchasers received their vehicles from Tesla, the Standard Safety Features and Enhanced Autopilot were non-functioning, despite Tesla's website and marketing materials indicating that both features would be available in December 2016.
Tesla responded to the suit, slamming the credibility of the claims being made, stating:
"This lawsuit is a disingenuous attempt to secure attorney's fees posing as a legitimate legal action, which is evidenced by the fact that the suit misrepresents many facts. Many of the features this suit claims are "unavailable" are in fact available, with more updates coming every month. We have always been transparent about the fact that Enhanced Autopilot software is a product that would roll out incrementally over time, and that features would continue to be introduced as validation is completed, subject to regulatory approval.
Furthermore, we have never claimed our vehicles already have functional "full self-driving capability", as our website has stated in plain English for all potential customers that "it is not possible to know exactly when each element of the functionality described above will be available, as this is highly dependent on local regulatory approval." The inaccurate and sensationalistic view of our technology put forth by this group is exactly the kind of misinformation that threatens to harm consumer safety."
Apr 21, 2017 Blagojce Krivevski
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April 21, 2017 Electric Car Newstesla, Tesla class action, tesla motors


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Twitter Shares New Planning Guide To Help Your Tweet Strategy
Planning and consistency are two key parts of an efficient social media advertising and marketing strategy. It takes planning to ensure that you're communicating with your target audience, that you're following the latest best practices, and that you're tapping into key moments and trends. Being consistent also helps users learn what to expect and to… Read more »
What's Happening On Social Media in the Wake of Donald Trump's Ban?
The banning of US President Donald Trump from virtually every major social platform has sparked a whole new round of controversy and debate over whether social media networks should be allowed to cut off access to users whose opinions they don't agree with and when that line has been crossed. Here's what's been happening this week in… Read more »
3 of the Latest Key Social Media Updates
Social media is forever changing which makes it easy to miss an update from time to time. Once a month, we look into three of the latest key updates from the past few weeks from the various social media giants.
Twitter to Re-open its Verification Process in 2021
Earlier this week, Twitter announced that they will re-open account verification requests early next year, bringing brand-new guidelines for users seeking the little tick next to their Twitter handle.
Social Media Giants Agree Measures with UK Government to Tackle Vaccine Disinformation
The UK government and leading social media platforms have reportedly agreed on a set of new measures to tackle the spread of disinformation and misinformation related to vaccines against Covid-19, according to a joint press release published by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, and the Department of Health and Social Care.
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Diversity and Divergence at Play in Natural Gas Boom
Feb 24, 2014 by James Cameron, Climate Change Capital
Companies, using technologies like horizontal drilling and fracking, are responding to the world's massive and growing demand for natural gas when there is the right combination of geology, finance, technology, regulatory framework and public acceptance.
These factors are not universally present. We have diversity and divergence – and an absolute requirement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions worldwide – at play.
There is cause for caution because, as in all complex processes, there is risk.
There may be problems with water resources, and fracking is an increasingly thirsty process. There may also be problems with gas leakage. A two-to-three percent leakage of methane would make gas no better from a carbon point of view than coal, and could, in rare circumstances, cause harm directly to people and livestock. And there could be public exasperation, especially in crowded countries such as the U.K., at the amount of paraphernalia that surrounds the drilling and moving of equipment and gas.
Land ownership is different throughout the world, which affects who benefits directly from the drilling. Here in the U.K., to produce a meaningful supply – in terms of security of supply and effect on consumer bills – we are going to have drill a lot of holes. As pressure drops in a well, you have to drill again, and U.K. geology means there is less benefit from horizontal drilling. U.K. gas is deep, blocked by other rocks, and therefore not at all like, say, the Texas basin. In a small country, this will be more noticeable putting pressure on public acceptance and willingness to put up with the nuisance.
The drilling rig of Cuadrilla Resources explores the Bowland shale for gas, four miles from Blackpool in Blackpool, England. The rig was the first in the
U.K. boring exploration holes 4000 feet deep to see if it is economically viable to extract the reported substantial natural gas from the shale deposits beneath the Lancashire coast line. Photo: Christopher Furlong/Getty Images
While focus has been on the economic benefit of cheaper energy, some have championed fracking as an environmental benefit. Of course, gas is still a fossil fuel. There is a relative gain in environmental terms provided it replaces dirtier forms of energy, like coal. However, if it's not replacing coal, it could end up reducing the need – or desire – for renewable energy sources.
This should not be a gas versus renewables debate. In the long term, fracking gas is not an answer to tackling climate change but, with large quantitates of renewables and a huge increase in efficiency in every thing and every process that converts primary energy into usable energy, it can be part of the journey. It has to be well regulated, technologically advanced, and well managed.
Coal Question
As we set priorities and weigh our energy alternatives, we are right to focus on coal.
Anything that reduces the consumption of coal in favor of something cleaner is welcome and could be the catalyst for change. Now perhaps is the time for the setting up of big clean energy enterprises that could combine gas and renewables, big enough so that their marketing and influencing power can be directed to building a new energy infrastructure. These enterprises would not be encumbered with the baggage of the past. They would be focused and forward looking.
These energy enterprises could be big enough to take "territory" away from those who want no change – those who benefit from the current energy status quo that cannot be maintained if we are to respond properly to climate change.
A price for carbon helps this. The signal that carbon is valued favors gas against a dirtier incumbent, as well as renewables and energy efficiency. The net result is a more resource efficient economy.
Institutional investors are beginning to question the valuation of fossil fuel companies and are concerned about the costs of fossil fuel exploitation. Ultimately clean energy, including the relatively cleaner natural gas, must win on cost anyway you look at it. Cost in both economic and environmental terms, if there is any hope of reaching a sustainable planet and an energy efficient world.
James Cameron is non-executive chairman of Climate Change Capital.
Diversity and Divergence at Play in Natural Gas Boom was originally published on Ideas Lab
TAGS:PerspectivesFrackingnatural-gaspowerrenewable-energytesting-spaces-lots-of-themjames-cameronjamescarbon-emissionsclimate-changefossil-fuelscameron
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The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal, also known as the Vietnam Campaign Medal (), is a South Vietnamese military campaign medal which was created in 1949, and awarded to French military personnel during the First Indochina War. During the Vietnam War (Second Indochina War), the South Vietnamese government awarded the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal with Device (1960– ) to members of the South Vietnamese military for wartime service and on March 24, 1966, to members of the U.S. military for support of operations in Vietnam. In May 1966, other allied foreign military personnel became eligible for the award.

The medal was awarded for two different periods of service in Vietnam. The first period for the award was from 8 March 1949 to 20 July 1954. The second period was from 1 January 1960 to the end of the Vietnam War (the date was to be given when the war ended and North Vietnam was defeated). On 30 April 1975, Saigon was captured by the North Vietnamese army and South Vietnam surrendered and disbanded. The medal was not awarded after 28 March 1973, when the last U.S. troops left South Vietnam in accordance with the Paris Peace Accords.

Award criteria

First Indochina War
The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal was created in 1949 and manufactured in France. The medal was awarded to French military personnel.

Second Indochina War (Vietnam War)
During the Vietnam War, the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal with Device (1960–) was manufactured in the United States and governed by Republic of Vietnam Decrees No. 149/SL/CT of 12 May 1964 and No 205/CT/LDQG/SL of 2 December 1965. The medal was established by the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces Order No. 48, 24 March 1966. The medal is awarded to military personnel, both South Vietnamese for twelve months wartime service in the field, and allied foreign military who have directly participated for six months in "a large-scale military campaign during certain periods of time". All RVN and foreign personnel who served less than six months must meet the following requirements: were wounded by a hostile force; were captured by hostile forces, but later escaped, was rescued, or released; or were killed in action or otherwise in the line of duty. Awarded in a single class, the medal was awarded under the authority of the Chief of the Joint General Staff, Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces.

United States
Public Law 88–257 permits U.S. military personnel to accept the medal for service performed in Vietnam from 1 March 1961 to 28 March 1973, inclusive. Since March 1966, the medal may also be awarded to any service member who, while serving outside the geographical limits of the Republic of Vietnam, contributed direct combat support to the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces for six months. This stipulation most often applies to members who performed Vietnam War support from the 7th Fleet (all members of the fleet serving off the coast of Vietnam), Thailand and Guam (air crews if aircraft out of Thailand and Guam; no ground support staff), and Japan. In such cases, a U.S. service member must meet the criteria established for the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (Vietnam) or Vietnam Service Medal during the period of service required to qualify for the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal.

Personnel assigned in the Republic of Vietnam on 28 January 1973 must meet one of the following: served a minimum of 60 days in the Republic of Vietnam as of that date; completed a minimum of 60 days service in the Republic of Vietnam during the period from 28 January 1973 to 28 March 1973, inclusive.

Australia
The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal was awarded to Australian military personnel for service in South Vietnam during the period 31 July 1962 to 28 March 1973. The requirements for the award are: at least 181 days service, either continuous or aggregated, unless killed on active service (KIA); or wounded in action (includes psychological injury) and evacuated (medically evacuated other than being wounded does not meet requirement for medal); or captured and later released or escaped.

New Zealand
The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal was referred to as the "New Zealand Vietnamese Campaign Medal" (named the South Vietnamese Campaign Medal by the New Zealand Forces in South Vietnam). The medal was awarded to New Zealand Forces for service in Vietnam for six months between 1964 (arrived Vietnam June 1964) and 1973 (left Vietnam 22 December 1972). The medal was approved for wear in 1966.

Appearance
The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal is made of a gold colored metal in the shape of a 36 mm wide six-pointed white enameled star with six pointed gold rays between the arms of the star. In the center of the star is an 18 mm green colored disc bearing a gold colored map of Vietnam with three painted flames in red between North and South Vietnam, signifying the three regions of Vietnam. On the reverse of the medal is a circle bearing the inscription Chiến Dịch (Campaign) above and Bội Tinh (Medal) below the word VIET-NAM in the center. The suspension ribbon and service ribbon of the medal is green (to represent freedom) with three vertical white (to represent purity) stripes.

Ribbon devices
The Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces Memorandum 2655 (8 October 1965) authorized two sets of two silver-plated devices ( 1 " wide and " wide) for the suspension ribbon of the medal, and service ribbon of the medal and the miniature medal suspension ribbon, to indicate two separate periods of struggle against communism in South Vietnam. Both sets of the devices if authorized, could be worn on the ribbons.

Period 1: 8 March 1949 – 20 July 1954: The 1949–54 device is worn on the medal suspension ribbon and the 49–54 device is worn on the service ribbon of the medal and the miniature medal suspension ribbon.  These devices are not authorized for wear by American military personnel.
 Period 2: 1 January 1960 – the end of the war: The 1960–  device is worn on the medal suspension ribbon and the 60–  device is worn on the service ribbon of the medal and the miniature medal suspension ribbon.

The unusual appearance was caused by the Republic of Vietnam government stating that the 1960–  and 60– devices would show the dates of the Vietnam War from start to finish, with the ending year placed on the devices when the South Vietnamese had prevailed over the invading North Vietnam (the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) forces. However, on 30 April 1975, the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon was captured, and South Vietnam surrendered that day to the North Vietnamese army under the orders of General Duong Van Minh, who since 28 April was the president of South Vietnam.

Order of wear
The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal is considered a foreign award by the United States, South Korean, Australian, and New Zealand governments. The equivalent award from the U.S. Armed Forces is known as the Vietnam Service Medal. The joint Australian and New Zealand campaign medal awarded for service in the Vietnam War is the Vietnam Medal, with the Australian support service being recognized by the Vietnam Logistic and Support Medal.

See also

 Orders, decorations, and medals of South Vietnam

Notes

References

External links

Service Medals and campaign credits of the United States Navy Vietnam Campaign Medal

1949 establishments in Vietnam
1966 establishments in South Vietnam
Awards established in 1949
Awards established in 1966
Campaign medals
Military awards and decorations of Vietnam
Military history of Australia during the Vietnam War

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Ear piercing is one of the oldest forms of human body modification. Some of the oldest evidence include carved images of soldiers of the Persian Empire which show them wearing an earring. Of course, earrings from those times can not be compared to let's say, white gold diamond earrings you can find in online jewellery shops today. Yet, it proves that earrings have been around for a really long time. Let us tell you a bit more about the history of earrings.
Earrings became fashionable among gentlemen in the 1590s during the English Renaissance. A pierced earlobe for sailoors was a symbol that the wearer had sailed around the world or had crossed the equator. In the early 1960s ear piercing started to become more and more popular, at that time most ear piercings were done at home.Teenage girls were known to hold special ear piercing parties, where they performed the procedure on one another. By the 1970s ear piercing became a broader market and some department stores would hold ear piercing events, sponsored by earring manufacturers.
Now there is a huge variety of different types of earrings – stud earrings, hoop earrings, drop earrings, cluster earrings, and more. They are being made from various materials, including silver, white gold, diamonds, quartz, amethyst. Here at Jewellery World, we have a wide range of various earrings, including some of our most popular and beautiful items – white gold diamond earrings.
Shop White Gold Diamond Earrings and More at Jewellery World!


So we've encountered our first obstacle, the driver between us fractured her arm, this means we can't move for the next 4-6 weeks. Obviously this is a setback but we're determined to stay positive.
The practical repercussions of being unable to drive mean we have had to enlist the help of a friend to locate Freyja outside the house where we'll be able to leave her for as long as is needed.
One of the things this obstacle taught us was to slow down. Rushing around is part of the lifestyle we were rushing to leave, and was one of the things we intended to stop having to do in the camper, so why not apply the lesson and put it into practice straight away.
A new plan was soon formulated to maximize the benefits of this delay. We have more time to sort out our belongings that we won't need in the camper. The injured party has the opportunity to work on a long-planned but never prioritized project that can be completed with one hand. And we are able to do a lot of studying and research about installing solar panels on the camper.
Obviously it's hard having to put everything on hold temporarily. But we can only be grateful that the injury wasn't worse, that we have somewhere to keep the camper parked, and that this is just a temporary setback.
We will use this time to continue sorting out the things we're in London for and to learn as much as we can about things like power consumption, batteries, and solar panels. All of which mean we will be even more prepared when we are able to take camper out.


This is a 'hotel room style' studio for sale in Greenwood Hotel & Spa near Bansko.
The studio is on the first floor and faces west.
This studio offers you comfort and space and is being sold as seen with furniture.
It is located in the 4 star Greenwood Hotel & Spa which is near Pirin Golf and Country Club and only 10 minute drive to Bansko.
Greenwood Hotel and Spa is close to the 18 hole Pirin Golf and Country Club and is set in a very peaceful location.
The views of the surrounding mountains are lovely. Unfortunately it was very overcast on the day of the photos so they are not a true representation of the views.
The details we provide for this studio for sale in Greenwood Hotel & Spa near Bansko are prepared as a general guide only, and should not be relied upon as a basis to enter into a legal contract, or to commit expenditure. Any interested party should satisfy themselves or consult their own professionals before committing to any expenditure or other legal commitments.


The bankscreen file holds functions and procedures that are used in the runescape bank screen.
Constants that represent the the quick deposit buttons.
Constants that represent the bank buttons.
Constants that represent different withdraw options.
A type that stores the bankScreen interface properties.
A variable through which scripters can access the TRSBankScreen type methods.
The following methods should be called through the bankScreen variable.
Returns true if the bankScreen interface is open. The optional waitTime parameter (default = 0) is the maximum time (in milliseconds) it will keep looking.
Returns true if the bankScreen is successfully closed. It uses the ESC key by default, but the escape parameter can be set to false to close via the mouse.
Returns a TBoxArray of all of the bank slot boxes.
Returns a TBox of the bank slot slot . The layout of the slots can be seen here.
Returns a TBoxArray of all of the backpack slots in the bank interface.
Returns the TBox of the desired backpack slot in the bank interface. Pack slots start at the top left at 1 and count across the columns.
Returns the number of items in the bankscreen's pack.
Returns true if an item is in the backpack slot slot inside the bankscreen interface.
Returns true if the backpack inside the bankscreen interface is full.
Returns true if the backpack inside the bankscreen interface is empty.
Return the number of backpack slots that contain the DTM dtm inside the bank screen interface.
Return the number of backpack slots that contain the bitmap bmp inside the bank screen interface.
Returns true if the bankScreen tab is the currently active tab.
Returns true if it successfully opens the bank tab tab .
Scrolls the bankscreen up to the top.
Returns true if it clicks the quick deposit button depositType . Valid depositType constants are located at the top of this page.
Returns true if it clicks the bank button button . If useKey is set to true (default = true) it will use the keyboard, else it will click the button with the mouse. Vaild button constants are located at the top of this page.
Returns the bank slot which the TPoint pnt fall within. If it doesn't fall within any slot, it returns -1.
Returns true if it enters the amount amount when depositing or withdrawing a custom amount of an item. It will keep trying until successful or waitTime is reached.
Rturns true if it deposits items from the backpack into the bank. It can deposit all items, or specific slots and amounts. It can also deposit each item one by one.
amounts : The amounts of the slots to deposit. Set to -1 to deposit all. Deposits all of every item by default.
Returns true if items are withdrawn from the bank.
amount : The amount to withdraw. This can be any number, or one of the contants at the top of this page.
Returns true if items are withdrawn from the bank. This overload takes a DTM instead of an array of slots.
Returns true if items are withdrawn from the bank. This overload takes a bitmap instead of an array of slots or a DTM.
Returns true if items are withdrawn from the bank. This overload uses the 'string match' method for the mouseOverText.
Returns true if items are withdrawn from the bank. This overload takes a DTM and also uses the string match method. It is essentially a combination of overload 1 and 3.
Returns true if the item item is searched for and found. Items that are found appear in bank slot 1.


text:
/recommendto/form?webId=%2Fcontent%2Fjournals%2F18761941&title=Constructions+and+Frames&issn=1876-1933&eissn=1876-1941
Constructions and Frames — Recommend this title to your library
Constructions and Frames
From manipulation to social interaction
Change in the use of lay in initiating bets
Author(s): Dan Ponsford
Source: Constructions and Frames, Volume 9, Issue 1, Jan 2017, p. 41 - 69
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.9.1.02pon
Version of Record published : 20 Oct 2017
This paper is about constructional change that is brought about through change in non-linguistic practice. The English construction of interest is one that speakers use to initiate bets with their addressees. Its verb is lay, its subject is the speaker, and its direct object is the stake the speaker proposes to risk. It is argued that the motivation for the use of lay comes partly from the practice of laying down stakes when making bets. However, it is shown that over the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries this practice declines, weakening the basis for a physical interpretation and leading hearers to attend instead to the speaker-addressee relation. Concurrently, this relation is increasingly expressed through the use of a dative argument. This development is discussed in relation to Ariel et al.'s (2015) account of added datives.
/content/journals/10.1075/cf.9.1.02pon
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http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1075/cf.9.1.02pon
Constructions and Frames 9, 41 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1075/cf.9.1.02pon
Keyword(s): action-naming , added dative , constructional change , non-linguistic practice , prominent relation and semantic change
Construction Grammar as a tool for diachronic analysis
Author(s): Mirjam Fried
Beyond the sentence: Constructions, frames and spoken interaction
Author(s): Kerstin Fischer
A constructional account of genre-based argument omissions
Author(s): Josef Ruppenhofer and Laura A. Michaelis
Parts of speech as constructions: The case of Hebrew "adverbs"
Author(s): Bracha Nir and Ruth Berman
Connecting frames and constructions: A case study of 'eat' and 'feed'
Author(s): William A. Croft
The semantic range of the Dutch double object construction: A collostructional perspective
Author(s): Timothy Colleman
Interactional frames and grammatical descriptions: The case of Japanese noun-modifying constructions
Author(s): Yoshiko Matsumoto
From construction candidates to constructicon entries: An experiment using semi-automatic methods for identifying constructions in corpora
Author(s): Markus Forsberg, Richard Johansson, Linnéa Bäckström, Lars Borin, Benjamin Lyngfelt, Joel Olofsson and Julia Prentice
A comparison between Fluid Construction Grammar and Sign-Based Construction Grammar
Author(s): Remi Van Trijp
The conception of constructions as complex signs: Emergence of structure and reduction to usage
Author(s): Arie Verhagen
10.1075/cf.9.1.02pon


text:
Kenya court rules Haki Africa and MHR not terrorists
The government has accused Haki Africa and Muslims for Human Rights of having links to Islamist group al-Shabab.
The groups deny the accusation, and say they they are campaigning for the fair treatment of terror suspects.
Despite winning the case, the groups did not have their bank accounts unfrozen, as they had requested.
The High Court in the coastal city of Mombasa said they had failed to cite financial regulators as respondents in the case.
Haki Africa head Khalid Hussein described the ruling as bittersweet.
The court case has attracted much attention in Mombasa, reports the BBC's Ferdinand Omondi from court.
Last month, the accounts of Haki Africa and Muslims for Human Rights (MHR) were frozen on the orders of the central bank and The Commission on Financial Regulation.
The NGOs have accused security agents of being behind the recent assassination of several radical Muslim preachers around Mombasa.
Kenyan officials deny involvement in the killings.
Kenya's government in December said it had deregistered 510 NGOs, including 15 suspected of having links with terrorism.
Al-Shabab is headquartered in Somalia, but has recruited fighters in Kenya and has carried out a wave of attacks in the country.
At risk jobs
Their state economies may lag, but Republican hopefuls still brag


: East Coast Cricket Board president (ECCB) Bissoondyal Singh (far left) at the launching of the fifth edition of the Elizabeth Styles 40-over round-robin competition.
UNITED States-based company, Elizabeth Styles, has continued its partnership with the East Coast Cricket Board (ECCB) with a sponsorship worth $510,000 towards the board 40-over round-robin competition.
The partnership was confirmed last Saturday between the two entities during a simple launching ceremony at the Better Hope Community Centre.
Among the officials attending the launch were Marketing Director of Elizabeth Styles, Kevin Thomas, and ECCB President, Bissoondyal Singh, among a number of club captains.
The winner of the competition will pocket $380,000 along with a trophy; second place attracts $80,000 and a trophy, while the best player in the final will also receive a trophy.
The ECCB has disclosed that this year there will be no zoning of teams, since the sponsor had requested that every team on the East Coast be allowed to face each other. The competition is expected to bowl off shortly.
ECCB Vice-President and Competitions Committee Chairman, Raymond Barton, speaking at the launch, explained that nineteen teams have entered the competition so far with four others having indicated that they are interested in participating.
He anticipates some exciting cricket as this competition is the largest Elizabeth tournament on the East Coast in terms of the amount of teams participating. Teams as far as Abary will be competing.
Singh, in his presentation, noted that while the board is facing challenging times as it relates to receiving subventions and financing from what is given to Guyana by Cricket West Indies, they have managed to maintain a high level of cricket activities.
Meanwhile, Barton is requesting that clubs make contact with the committee in relation to participating in the tournament. Contact can be made on telephone number 626 0223 on or before tomorrow.
Elizabeth Styles, a company that produces hair care, baby care and a wide range of cosmetics, operates in 104 countries.


text:
TAILGUNNER – release limited MCD "Crashdive" today!
TAILGUNNER
limited MCD "Crashdive" out now!
Since launching in January of 2022, TAILGUNNER have taken the world of underground Heavy Metal by the scruff of the neck, and grasp with an iron first. Today, TAILGUNNERrelease their MCD "Crashdive" as a limited edition CD digipak with 500 copies only – so be quick, or be dead!
"Pure heavy metal at its finest" – Moshville Times
"Calling all headbangers young and old – all hail Tailgunner" – MyGlobalMind
"Five infectious anthems, accomplished instrumentalists and a fantastic vocalist are the ingredients for the EP of the year." – Powermetal.de
Get the MCD at the Atomic Fire Webshop under: https://vvk.link/2e3kwyb
For USA @ Vision Merch: https://visionmerch.com/tailgunner/
Or sent your request to: shop@fireflash-records.com
MCD "Crashdive"
01. Shadows Of War
02. Guns For Hire
03. White Death
04. Revolution Scream
05. Crashdive
Mixed & Mastered by Olof Wikstrand (Enforcer)
"Guns For Hire" (Video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j2TkDinQsv4
*Revolution Scream" (Video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-DOqapu6HM
"Crashdive" (Video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fl4ChWAZkGI
"Shadows Of War" (Visualizer): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1HZfv0tI8D8
"White Death" (Visualizer): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_dOviG1BpGw
I would call Tailgunner a Heavy Metal band. There is quite a bit of speed metal, and old school power Metal in there too", says bass player and founder Thomas Hewson and names the bands main inspirations with Helloween, Iron Maiden, Megadeth, King Diamond and Judas Priest. You can feel their love for the 80s in every moment!
"The greatest revelation British Metal has had in a decade and a half.", states "Metal Rules" and praises their unique cocktail of power, speed, aggression and huge choruses. If you wanna know what to expect, simply imagine pure fucking armageddon!
"We describe ourselves as 'Laser Guided Riffs N' Hooks that Kill!' We're fast, loud, catchy as hell and we'll take your face off." After completing an extensive UK headline tour in summer of this year, the band are staking their claim to the future of the genre and have all eyes to the skies, ready to launch like a warhead. No holds barred, in your face Heavy Metal with no apologies!
The history goes back a few more years, when bassist and leading force Thomas Hewson left his last band in the summer of 2018, with the aim of "putting together the band I've had in my head since I was a kid: The ultimate Heavy Metal band, with no compromises." It took him almost two more years to find the best musicians to fullfill his expectation. Flyers were put in guitar shops and metal bars, social media posts were carried out. "Then I found Craig as the singer of MIDNIGHT PROPHECY and the first time I heard his voice was a cover of '22 Acacia Avenue'. As soon as the song kicked in, I knew he had to sing for Tailgunner! I travelled across England to go see them – that's when he realised I was serious",remembers Hewson. "A year later, ahead of a UK tour Prophecy had booked, Craig asked myself and Zach to fill in. This was when I met – and crucially played with – Sam. We knew as a rhythm section very fast that we had a shared 'sixth sense.' I was unwilling to share two members with another band, but the day Midnight Prophecy broke up, I spent four hours on the phone with Sam, and by the end he was our drummer!"
That moment, TAILGUNNER was born.
"There was never a conscious decision to play 'old school' to us, that's the way it's supposed to sound",adds the bass player and main songwriter, who always had a burning ambition and total undying love for Heavy Metal. "From the moment I heard AC/DC as a child, I've never looked back. Seeing Iron Maiden live at 12 years old was all the confirmation I needed that this was to be my life's path. I want people to feel empowered when they hear our music, that's what great Heavy Metal does for me. Music should make you feel like you can take on the world!"
"Craig is the greatest new vocalist in Heavy Metal", certifies the band leader about his vocalist, who recently also joined forces in INDUCTION, the German based Prog Power Metal band, lead by Tim Hansen, son of HELLOWEEN and GAMMA RAY guitar legend Kai Hansen.
The five tracks of the 'Crashdive' EP were mixed and mastered by Olof Wikström of ENFORCER,another perfect match for TAILGUNNER. "I first met Olof at an Enforcer show back in 2019", remembers Hewson and adds: "I knew he worked as an engineer, both on Enforcer, and other records. I chatted to him about working on something, even though I didn't yet have a band! It was really important to me to work with Olof on the debut album. He's a bit like the godfather of this scene that has emerged over the last 10-15 years, and is extremely knowledgeable in Heavy Metal. Also, the sound of Enforcer records, particularly 'From Beyond' and 'Live by Fire – 2' is metal mastery!"
To sum it up, TAILGUNNER stand for pure Heavy Metal made for eternity!
TAILGUNNER online:
https://www.tailgunnerhq.com
https://www.facebook.com/tailgunnerhq
https://www.instagram.com/tailgunnerhq/
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeTii4Epd2sNlw0AI7lIWZw/featured
Tagged: #Tailgunner
TAILGUNNER – kick off pre-order for MCD "Crashdive", out on December 9th!
TAILGUNNER – announce debut MCD release "Crashdive" and sign with Fireflash Records


text:
Driven by Values
This year, American Securities celebrates our 25th anniversary. While many things have evolved over time, our core values have remained true since the beginning.
Charles Klein, Michael Fisch, and David Horing in 2000. Liza Sanchez, American Securities' receptionist from 2000-2019, sits in the foreground.
Long-tenured team
Michael Fisch
David Horing
Larry Greene
Director, Operational Excellence
Lee Dranikoff
Scott Wolff
Eric Schondorf
Managing Director & General Counsel
David Maue
Managing Director & Chief Administrative Officer
Ee-Ping Ong
Managing Director & China Country Head
Mike Sand
Loren Easton
In Memory of Charles D. Klein
Chuck was an instrumental force in creating our business in the early 1990s. He was a creative thinker and a brilliant investor. Chuck had a remarkable ability to see a complex problem through a unique lens and to develop creative solutions. He was a cherished mentor and dear friend, not only to many of us, but also to a wide network who sought Chuck's advice in business and investing, and so many other areas. Chuck was the standard bearer of the values around which we have tried to build our firm. He personified integrity above all else, acting every day in a spirit of partnership and selflessness. While Chuck had retired over 10 years ago, he remained a mentor, respected partner, and, above all, our dear friend.
Michael Fisch and Charles Klein (2002). Read Institutional Investor.
First Control Investments
Ketema
During the partnership with American Securities, Ketema was a public mini-conglomerate with 10 autonomous operating divisions operating in the aerospace and process control equipment areas.
CTB International
During the partnership with American Securities, CTB was a leading manufacturer of feeding, watering, ventilation, and heating equipment for the poultry and swine industries; commercial egg-laying systems; and feed and grain storage bins.
Caribbean Restaurants
During the partnership with American Securities, Caribbean Restaurants held the exclusive franchise from Burger King Corporation to own and operate Burger King restaurants in Puerto Rico.
We believe in long-term, strategic partnership, built on trust and driven by core values.
Strong alignment between all parties results in better relationships, superior operating execution, and faster value creation. We jointly develop a Shared Vision plan focused on the critical value creation levers for the company. In many cases, Shared Vision becomes engrained in the way the company runs and is retained even after our partnership is complete.
Play Partnership Story
We hope to make the world a better place by giving back to the communities in which we live and work.
Giving Back Books
Grace Institute
Grace Institute is a leader in workforce development for women. It serves 300 women annually by developing computer and professional skills to prepare them for administrative and customer support positions in the banking, not-for-profit, health care, and hospitality industries.
Westside Campaign Against Hunger
Through a supermarket-style food pantry, West Side Campaign Against Hunger alleviates hunger and creates a culture that promotes self-reliance and works for change. In 2018, WSCAH distributed nearly 1.5 million pounds of food to 20,000+ New Yorkers.
RPI / MAPs
For the past several years, we have partnered with Refugee Protection International (RPI) and Multi Aid Programs (MAPs) to fund educational programs for Syrian refugee children in Lebanon.
Notable Development(s)
American Securities Founded
Fund(s)
ASP I ($71M)
Investment(s)
ASP II ($350M)
Creation of Resources Group
ASP III ($650M)
Shanghai Office Opens
Ascribe Capital Founded
ASP IV ($1B)
Ascribe I ($303M)
ASP V ($2.3B)
Ascribe II ($753M)
ASP VI ($3.6B)
Ascribe III ($1B)
ASP VII ($5B)
Ascribe IV ($825M)
ASP VIII ($7B)
Our mission is to generate superior returns by making investments in great businesses and helping existing management better them. We believe that these defining differences help us achieve that goal.
Reputation and comportment of our team with all constituents
Focus on people with low turnover
Differentiated value creation strategy
Focus on long-term best interests of companies and investors