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High Times: Impact of Changing Marijuana Laws on the Workplace
September 2016 – Article
BACKGROUND ON LEGALIZATION
Historically
In 1937, Congress passed the Marihuana Tax Act.1 Although the Act did not criminalize marijuana use, it regulated, and imposed taxes on, that use.2 This Act was overturned in 1969 in Leary v. United States,3 and was repealed by Congress the next year.4
Over time, marijuana use was further restricted, culminating in the Federal Controlled Substances Act ("CSA") in the 1970's, which established schedules for ranking substances according to their dangerousness and potential for addiction.5 Under the CSA, narcotics are placed in one of five Schedules.6Marijuana is categorized as a Schedule I drug in the CSA.7 Under the CSA, drugs in this category have a (1) "high potential for abuse," (2) "no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States," and a (3) "lack of accepted safety for the use of the drug under medical supervision."8 The Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") has stated that marijuana has no known medical benefits, and therefore, does not condone its use for medical purposes.9Additionally, under Gonzales v. Raich,10 the U.S. Supreme Court held that the federal government's classification of marijuana in the CSA declares the drug illegal even in a state that allows the medical use of marijuana.11
Yet this federal view and classification of marijuana did not prevent states from considering, and eventually enacting, laws permitting its use for medical purposes. In 1996, California was the first state to approve the use of marijuana for medical purposes with the enactment of the Compassionate Use Act ("CUA").12 This ended the 59-year designation as an illicit substance with no medical value.13
Current state of the law and developments
Marijuana remains illegal under federal law for any reason, medicinal or recreational, as it is still listed as a Schedule I drug under the CSA.14
Notwithstanding, as of June 2016, twenty years later, forty-one states have legalized marijuana to some degree.15 The increase in legalization is in large part because of public support for the decriminalization of marijuana. Surveys conducted by the Pew Research Center and Gallup show between 53% and 58% percent of Americans support legalizing marijuana.16 It was the third consecutive year a majority of Americans polled said they supported legalization.17Compared to similar polls conducted in 2010 and 2013, support for decriminalization increased by eleven percentage points.18
Despite an apparent sea change in attitude about marijuana use in many states, the federal government has not allowed an exception for marijuana use authorized by state law.19
Recreational Marijuana states
Four states, i.e., Alaska, Oregon, Colorado, and Washington, as well as Washington D.C. have passed laws legalizing recreational marijuana.20However, the amount a person may possess at one time varies by state.21
In addition to these four states, thirteen states and the District of Columbia have decriminalized the possession of marijuana.22Thus, in these states, possession of a small amount (typically about 1 ounce or less) is not a crime or punishable by only civil fines between $25.00 and $600.00.23,24
Medical marijuana states
Twenty-four states have enacted laws pertaining to the use of medical marijuana, including Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington.25 The District of Colombia also allows medical marijuana use.26The diseases and conditions for which marijuana can be prescribed vary by state.27
Low-level THC states
Seventeen states (mostly southern states) have adopted limited access marijuana product laws, allowing only therapeutic cannabis that is low in THC and high in CBD.28 These states include Alabama, Florida, Georgia,29 Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.30Restrictions and the diseases and conditions of which the high CBD oil can be used to treat vary by state.
States considering or expanding the legalization of marijuana in 2016
The following nine states are expected to consider and/or expand the legalization of Marijuana in a 2016:31
Arizona: Seeking legalize the possession and consumption of marijuana for adults 21 and older, and allow them to grow up to six plants in their homes;
California:Seeking to legalize the possession and consumption of marijuana for adults 21 and older;32
Florida: Seeking legalize medical cannabis;
Maine: Parts of the state have already legalized marijuana for medical use, but a new bill seeks to legalize cannabis entirely;
Massachusetts:Seeking to legalize and regulate like alcohol;
Michigan:Seeking to legalize the recreational use of marijuana for adults over the age of twenty one, and allow people to grow twelve marijuana plants;
Nevada: Seeking to legalize marijuana for recreational use and proposing that cannabis be regulated like alcohol;
Rhode Island: Seeking to legalize recreational use; and
Vermont: Seeking to legalize marijuana;
Landscape of marijuana legislation in the U.S.33
COMPARISON OF USES AND COMPONENTS OF MEDICAL MARIJUANA
Recreational marijuana v. medical marijuana v. low-THC CBD
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are two types of cannabinoids found naturally in the resin of the marijuana plant, Cannabis Sativa.34 Both of these substances interact with the cannabinoid receptors found in the human body, but the types of effects brought about by these compounds are different.35 For this reason, CBD is more often used as a medical treatment than THC.36
What is THC?
THC is the main psychoactive component of the marijuana plant.37 It is the primary agent responsible for creating the "high" feeling associated with marijuana use.38 This compound works by imitating the effects of anandamide, a neurotransmitter produced naturally by the human body to help modulate sleeping and eating habits, as well as the perception of pain.39
CBD has the same chemical formula as THC, but the atoms are arranged differently.40 This slight variance causes THC to create a psychoactive effect while CBD lacks such an influence.41
The Food and Drug Administration of the United States considers hemp oil, which contains CBD, to a dietary supplement and therefore it is legal to import, sell, purchase and consume hemp oil in all 50 states.42
The effects of CBD include: reduction of psychotic symptoms, relief from convulsions and nausea, decreased anxiety, decreased inflammation.43 Some recognized medical applications for CBD, include: schizophrenia, reduce psychotic symptoms, social anxiety disorder – lower anxiety, depression, and side effects of cancer treatment – decrease pain and nausea while stimulating appetite.44
WHAT DOES MARIJUANA LEGISLATION MEAN FOR EMPLOYERS?
The shift in marijuana laws and drug policy, as well as the inconsistency between federal and state laws has created a haze of concern for many employers about workplace testing.45 Relax, the sky is not falling. Employers with "zero tolerance" drug use policies in most states (including those that have decriminalized marijuana use) can still refuse to hire or terminate employees who fail a drug test for marijuana, with or without medical authorization.46 Additionally, marijuana use or possession in the workplace remains grounds for termination.47 In addition, in most states, employers with federal contracts are under no obligation to accommodate medical use, which remains illegal under federal law.48 Moreover, employers may also regulate employees who work in safety sensitive jobs such as those that operate heavy machinery.49
Federally regulated businesses with zero tolerance policies50
Employers in states in which marijuana has been legalized must first determine whether their workplace is regulated by The Drug Free Workplace Act (the "Drug Free Act").51 The Drug Free Act requires that all federal grant recipients and federal contractors adopt a zero tolerance policy at their workplaces and certify to the federal government that their workplaces are drug free.52In addition to this certification, these employers generally must:
1. Develop and publish for employees a written policy and ensure that employees read and consent to the policy as a condition of employment;
2. Initiate awareness programs to educate employees about the dangers of drug abuse, the company's drug workplace policy, any available drug counseling, rehabilitation and employee assistance programs, and penalties that may be imposed on employees for drug abuse violations;
3. Require that all employees notify the employer or contractor within five days of any conviction for a drug offense in the workplace; and
4. Make an ongoing good faith effort to maintain a drug-free workplace.53
The Drug Free Act does not require that employers conduct mandatory drug tests.54
Non-federally regulated businesses with zero tolerance policies
Employers that are not federally regulated can also breathe easy, as cases decided in states where marijuana use is legal have held an employer can enforce its zero tolerance policies.55
For instance, in Roe v. Teletech, the Washington Supreme Court held there was no public policy right under Medical Use of Marijuana Act requiring employers to accommodate medical marijuana use even when it is outside of the workplace, and dismissed plaintiff's wrongful termination claim.56 The Washington Supreme Court noted that Washington's Medical Use of Marijuana Act was passed only to provide an affirmative defense to qualifying patients, caregivers and physicians for conduct that is otherwise prohibited by law, such as a defense to a violation of a local ordinance or state law prohibiting the personal possession or use of the drug.57
In Emerald Steel Fabricators v. Bureau of Labor & Industries,58 the Oregon Supreme Court held employers are not required to accommodate the use of medical marijuana under the Oregon Medical Marijuana Act.59 In that case, the Court held that an employer was justified in revoking an employee's offer of permanent employment after he notified the employer of his medical marijuana use.60 Following termination, the employee argued that he was discharged because of a disability which the employer failed to accommodate.61In ruling in favor of the employer, the Court held that the employee was not protected and that the United States Controlled Substances Act preempted the Oregon statute authorizing use of medical marijuana.62
In Casias v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.,63 a Michigan federal district court ruled that an employee who was terminated by Wal-Mart after testing positive for validly obtained medical marijuana64 stated no legal claims for wrongful discharge.65 The court accepted Wal-Mart's argument that Michigan's medical marijuana law does not regulate private employment;66 rather, it merely provides a potential affirmative defense to criminal prosecution or other adverse action by the state.67The court rejected the plaintiff's argument that the law created a new protected employee class, which "would mark a radical departure from the general rule of at-will employment in Michigan."68 The decision of the Michigan federal district court was affirmed by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit the following year.69
Some employers have gone a step further and have fired or failed to hire employees because they admitted to using medical marijuana at home or because they failed a drug test because of the medical marijuana, even though the employees were never actually found to be impaired or under the influence of drugs at work. In challenging such employment actions, in Ross v. RagingWire Telecommunications, Inc.,70 the California Supreme Court ruled that it is not discrimination to fire an employee for using medical marijuana.71 The court held that where a new employee, whose physician recommended he use marijuana to treat chronic pain, was fired when a pre-employment drug test required of new employees revealed his marijuana use, a disability discrimination statute did not require the employer to accommodate the employee's marijuana use,72and the employee did not state a cause of action for termination in violation of public policy.73
In Johnson v. Columbia Falls Aluminum Company,74 the Montana Supreme Court ruled, in an unpublished decision, that an employer is not required to accommodate an employee's use of medical marijuana under the federal ADA or the Montana Human Rights Act.75
In Coats v. Dish Network, LLC,76Brandon Coats argued that Dish Network violated Colorado law by firing him for using medical marijuana after work.77 Mr. Coats is a quadriplegic who has used a wheelchair since he was a teenager. He obtained a medical marijuana license in 2009.78
The trial court dismissed Coats' claim that he had been wrongfully terminated after finding that medical marijuana use is not lawful under Colorado state law.79 In a split decision, the majority of the Court of Appeals upheld the trial court's decision.80 The Supreme Court of Colorado affirmed, as the Court found the term "lawful" as it is used in Colorado law is not restricted in any way, and declined to engraft a state law limitation onto the term. Therefore, an activity such as medical marijuana use that is unlawful under federal law is not a "lawful" activity under Colorado law.81
Notably, the cases where employers have prevailed in enforcing their zero tolerance drug policies typically include: (1) a clear and unambiguous drug-free policy; and (2) "at will" employment.82 Conversely, where the employee has been a union employee and could only be terminated for "just cause" there has been a difference in outcomes.83
Safety-sensitive positions
If an employer is not required to comply with the Drug Free Act, such employer may still institute a zero tolerance policy for those workers in "safety-sensitive" positions.84 A "safety-sensitive" position, generally, is one in which an employee is responsible for the safety of herself or others.85 Positions that fit into this designation would include those involving driving or the use of machinery, among many others.86 If such a position requires a commercial driver's license (CDL), then the employer is mandated to abide by the Omnibus Transportation Employee Safety Act of 1991, which requires that all employers drug test employees whose duties require a CDL.87
Caution: There are growing exceptions to the general rule
Even if an employer is mandated or chooses to adopt a zero tolerance policy, such employer may still encounter certain challenges regarding enforcement inherent in the application of laws and the evolving legal landscape.88
For example, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits employers from discriminating against qualified individuals on the basis of disability,89 which is defined as a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a person who has a history or record of such an impairment, or a person who is perceived by others as having such an impairment.90 The ADA prohibits discrimination in regard to job application procedures, the hiring, advancement, or discharge of employees, employee compensation, job training, and other terms, conditions, and privileges of employment.91 Covered employers are required to provide reasonable accommodations to the disabled employee so that the employee can perform essential duties of his job, as long as such accommodations do not impose an undue hardship on the employer.92 According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, an accommodation is generally "any change in the work environment or the way things are customarily done that enables an individual with a disability to enjoy equal employment opportunities."93
Courts have considered whether the ADA requires employers to accommodate employees' legal use of medical marijuana to treat serious medical conditions.94 The question is whether an employer can take an adverse action against an employee because of that employee's participation in a state-authorized medical marijuana program or whether the employer must accommodate that employee's use of medical marijuana.95 In states where statutes are silent on this issue, courts have generally determined that employers are not required to accommodate medical marijuana use under the ADA or under state statutes modeled on the ADA.96
Some states have enacted laws which speak specifically to medical marijuana accommodation.97 For example, in New York, a certified patient "shall be deemed to be having a 'disability' under the state's human rights law."98 Arizona, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maine, Minnesota, and Nevada also have laws which contain either anti-discrimination or reasonable accommodation provisions applicable to employers.99 In Arizona, Delaware, Minnesota, and Nevada, employers cannot take an adverse employment action based solely on an employee's participation in a medical marijuana program "unless failing to do so would violate federal laws or regulations or cause an employer to lose a monetary or license related benefit under federal law or regulations," such as the Drug Free Workplace Act of 1988.100
Therefore, in states where there is a duty to accommodate an employee's marijuana use, employers must usually consider the specific needs of the job as well as any applicable competing regulations before acting.101
Complications with drug testing: What are you testing for?
Many employers have workplace drug policies that require employees to abstain from marijuana use. To enforce these policies, employers may require employees to pass a pre-employment drug test through urinalysis.102Employers may also require employees to be tested for drugs throughout the course of their employment.103 The ADA does not limit an employer's ability to perform drug tests in order to determine whether the employee is engaging in illegal use of drugs.104
Employers may also want to reconsider how to conduct drug tests for marijuana. Urinalysis is the common test for marijuana use.105 Urinalysis cannot, however, determine current impairment, but in some cases can determine if a person has used marijuana in the previous two to six weeks.106 As a result, an individual could test "positive" for marijuana a month or more after usage, but a positive test does not mean the person was under the influence of marijuana at the time of the positive test.107Urinalysis tests are typically pass/fail.108 Additionally, they do not measure THC itself, but a non-psychoactive byproduct of THC created in the liver than can linger for weeks and even months.109
As an alternative, some medical marijuana advocates suggest a model workplace policy whereby the employer would tests the blood or saliva, instead of the urine, of an employee.110 Blood tests are a much more accurate indicator for active THC impairment.111 Marijuana can also be detected using hair and sweat. However, like in urine, there is currently no "under the influence" limit for the presence of marijuana for these tests.112
CONCLUSION AND POLICY CONSIDERATIONS
The marijuana and drug-testing laws continue to evolve. As public opinion shifts across the country favoring legalization of marijuana, and regulating marijuana more like alcohol, it is likely that employers will be subject to greater scrutiny for drug testing employees for marijuana including at-will employees. Therefore, employers should at a minimum consider the inherent tension between employer and employee rights, and the desire to have a safe and drug-free workplace. They should also consider whether the import of such policies is to prevent use, possession, and impairment at work or to prohibit employees from using marijuana at any time.
Employers seeking to discipline and/or terminate employees under the influence of marijuana at work may want to consider taking the following actions:
1. Consult an attorney familiar with the law in the state where the workplace policy will be applied;
2. Review your company's current workplace policies pertaining to drug use to ensure they are clear and unambiguous;
3. Reevaluate the circumstances when the employer will conduct pre-employment, random, or for cause drug testing;
4. Reevaluate what form of drug testing will be conducted for marijuana use; and
5. Closely monitor legislative and legal developments pertaining to marijuana.
1 Marihuana Tax Act of 1937, Pub. L. No. 238, §§ 1-14 (1937), available at http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/hemp/taxact/mjtaxact.htm.
2Id.
3 Leary v. United States, 395 U.S. 6, 89 S.Ct. 1532, 23 L.Ed.2d 57 (1969).
4Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, Section 1101(b)(3), Pub. L. No. 91-513, 84 Stat. 1236. 1292 (1970); repealing the Marihuana Tax Act which had been codified in Subchapter A of Chapter 39 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954.
521 U.S.C. § 812(c)(Schedule I)(c)(10) (2006).
6 21 U.S.C. § 812(a) (2006).
7 21 U.S.C. § 812(c)(Schedule I)(c)(10) (2006).
8 See § 812(b)(1)(A-C); see also Drug Enforcement Administration, Drug Scheduling, available at http://www.dea.gov/druginfo/ds.shtml.
9Press Release, FDA, Inter-Agency Advisory Regarding Claims That Smoked Marijuana Is a Medicine (Apr. 20, 2006), available at http://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/PressAnnouncements/2006/vcm108643.htm
10 Gonzales v. Raich, 545 U.S. 1, 29 (2005).
11 As a result of the Gonzales ruling, federal law enforcement officials may prosecute medical marijuana patients, even if they grow their own medicine and even if they reside in a state where medical marijuana use is protected under state law. The Court further indicated that Congress and the Food and Drug Administration should work to resolve this issue.
12 Cal. Health & Safety Code § 11362.5(a) (West 2007).
13 See, e.g., MICH. COMP. LAWS ANN. § 333.26422(2)(a) (West 2008) (stating "the National Academy of Sciences Institute of Medicine in a March 1999 report, has discovered beneficial uses for marihuana in treating or alleviating a variety of debilitating medical conditions.") The report found that: "scientific data indicate the potential therapeutic value of cannabinoid drugs, primarily THC, for pain relief, control of nausea and vomiting, and appetite stimulation; smoked marijuana, however, is a crude THC delivery system that also delivers harmful substances. The psychological effects of cannabinoids, such as anxiety reduction, sedation, and euphoria can influence their potential therapeutic value. Those effects are potentially undesirable for certain patients and situations and beneficial for others. In addition, psychological effects can complicate the interpretation of other aspects of the drug's effect." MARIJUANA AND MEDICINE: ASSESSING THE SCIENCE BASE, 179 (Janet E. Joy, Stanley J. Watson, Jr., John A. Benson, Jr., eds., 1999). "Further studies have found that marijuana is effective in relieving some of the symptoms of HIV/AIDS, cancer, glaucoma, and multiple sclerosis."
14See generally 21 U.S.C. § 812 (2006); 21 U.S.C. § 844 (2006); Raich, 545 U.S. at 57. In late August 2013, the U.S. Department of Justice announced an update to their marijuana enforcement policy. The statement reads that while marijuana remains illegal federally, the USDOJ expects states like Colorado and Washington to create "strong, state-based enforcement efforts.... and will defer the right to challenge their legalization laws at this time." The department also reserves the right to challenge the states at any time they feel it's necessary.
15 Since California's adoption of the CUA in 2006, the following states have followed California's initiative: Alaska, Colorado, Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Washington, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Michigan. See Alaska Stat. § 17.38.010 (West 2008); Cal. Health § Safety Code § 11362.5(b)(1)(A) (West 2007); Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 18-18-406 (West 2001); Del. Code. Ann. tit.16, §§ 4901a-4928a (West 2014); Haw.Rev. Stat. § 329-122 (West 2007); Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit.22, §§ 2421 – 2430-B (West 2004); Md. Code Ann., Health §§ 13-3301 to 13-3316 (West 2014); Mich. Comp. Laws § 333.26424 (West 2008); Mass. Gen. Laws Ch. 94(D), § 2 (West 2014); Minn. Stat. Ann. §§ 152.21-152.37 (West 2015); Mont. Code Ann. § 50-46-301 (West 2007); Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 453A.010 - 453A.170 (West 2008); N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. §§ 126-X:1 to –X:11 (Lexis 2014); N.J. Stat. Ann. §§ 24:6I-1 to 16 (Lexis 2015); N.M. Stat. § 26-2B-1 (West 2008); N.Y. Pub. Health §§ 3360-3369-e (Lexis 2014); Or. Rev. Stat. § 475.300 (West 2003); R.I. Gen. Laws § 21-28.6-4 (West 2007); Vt. Stat. Ann. tit.18 § 4471 (West 2007); Wash. Rev. Code § 69.51A.005 (West 2009).
16See http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/04/14/6-facts-about-marijuana/
17 Id.
18Id.
19 Raich, supra note 10.
20 Gene Johnson, Legalizing Marijuana: Washington Law Goes into Effect, Allowing Recreational Use of Drug, Huffington Post (Dec. 6, 2012) see http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/06/legalizing-marijuana-washington-state_n_2249238.html.
21 See 35 N. Ill. U. L. Rev. 461 (2015).
22 See https://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp/marijuana: The states include: Connecticut, Georgia, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, Nevada, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Rhode Island, and Vermont.; see also http://norml.org/aboutmarijuana/item/states-that-have-decriminalized.
24 Twenty states and the District of Columbia have decriminalized small amounts of marijuana. This generally means certain small, personal-consumption amounts are a civil or local infraction, not a state crime (or are a lowest misdemeanor with no possibility of jail time). Decriminalization states are Alaska (also now with legal provisions), California, Colorado (also now with legal provisions), Connecticut, Delaware (enacted in 2015), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont and Washington (also now with legal provisions), and the District of Columbia (also now with legal provisions). Of those, six—Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio (and Oregon before legalization)—have it as a low-level misdemeanor, with no possibility of jail for qualifying offenses. The other states with decriminalization policy have specified small amounts of marijuana as a civil infraction, or the like.
25 See http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/state-medical-marijuana-laws.aspx
26 See 24 Legal Medical Marijuana States and DC, Procon.Org (2013) http://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID+000881
27 58 Wayne L. Rev. 103 (2012), Caught in the Crossfire: The dilemma of Marijuana "Medicalization" for Healthcare Providers.
28 Supra note 25.
29 See http://www.legis.ga.gov/legislation/en-US/Display/20152016/HB/1. On April 16, 2015, Georgia became the 24th state to enact a medical marijuana law when Governor Nathan Deal signed legislation legalizing the use of a low-potency form of cannabis oil for medicinal uses.
31 See http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2015/08/18/24-7-wall-st-marijuana/31834875/; see also http://www.forbes.com/sites/jacobsullum/2015/04/09/which-states-will-legalize-marijuana-this-year-and-next/#349b2f6c1b96 stating that the Vermont Senate has approved and sent to the House a bill (SB 241) that would remove civil penalties for possession of one ounce or less of marijuana, and create and regulate a commercial market. Other states with measures to legalize marijuana pending include Arizona, Illinois, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and West Virginia. In addition, constitutional amendment or initiative proposals are before legislatures in Missouri, Massachusetts and New Jersey. An Illinois study bill also is pending. Legalization bills have failed in Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Mexico and Wisconsin.
32 If California alone has a change in law, one-sixth of U.S. employees will live in states where recreational marijuana is legal
33 http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/04/14/6-facts-about-marijuana/
34 See http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/patient/cannabis-pdq#section/all
36 See http://www.cannabis-med.org/data/pdf/2001-03-04-7.pdf.
37 See http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2006/018651s025s026lbl.pdf
42 See more at http://medicalmarijuanainc.com/overview-of-u-s-medical-marijuana-law/#sthash.5iKhIixE.dpuf
43 Borgelt, LM; Franson, KL; Nussbaum, AM; Wang, GS (February 2013). "The pharmacologic and clinical effects of medical cannabis." Pharmacotherapy 33 (2): 195–209.
45 57 A.L.R.6th 285, (2010).
47 Brief of the American Pain Foundation, et.al., as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioners, at 20-24, Ross v. RangingWire Telecomms., Inc., 174 P.3d 200 (Cal. 2008), No. C043392 (Aug. 7, 2006).
48 See, e.g., Cal. Health & Safety Code § 11362.785(a); Or. Rev. Stat. § 475B.413 (West 2003); See more at 26 Hofstra Lab. & Emp. L.J. 619 (2009).
49 StoptheDrugWar.org, Medical Marijuana and the Right to Work: Under Attack in California and Oregon, At Risk In Most Other States As Well, Drug War Chronicle, Feb. 1, 2008, available at http://stopthedrugwar.org/chronicle/521/marijuana_medical_employee_patient_rights.
50 The term derives from early anti-drug policies which were developed under the presidential administration of
Ronald Reagan in the so-called "war on drugs." The State of Criminal Justice 2011, Chpt. 7, John D. "Jay" Elliot.
51 41 U.S.C.A. § 8103 (2011).
54 Parker v. Atlanta Gas Light Co., S.D.Ga.1993, 818 F.Supp. 345 (1993).
55Roe v. TeleTech Customer Care Mgmt. LLC., 171 Wn.2d 736, 756, 257 P.3d 586 (2011).
56 Roe, 171 Wn.2d at 755.
57 Roe, 171 Wn.2d at 747-48.
58 Emerald Steel Fabricators, Inc. v. Bureau of Labor and Industries, 248 Or. 159, 230 P.3d 518 (2010).
59 Id.at 524.
61Id. at 520-521.
62 Id. at 526-529.
63 Casias v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 764 F.Supp.2d 914 (W.D. Mich. 2011).
64Id. at 915.
65 Id. at 918.
66Id.at 919.
69 Casias v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 695 F.3d 428 (6th Cir.2012).
70 Ross v. RagingWire Telecommunications, Inc., 42 Cal. 4th 920, 174 P.3d 200 (Cal. 2008).
74 Johnson v. Columbia Falls Aluminum Co., 350 Mont. 562 (2009).
76 Coats v. Dish Network, LLC, 2015 CO 44, 350 P.3d 849 (Colo. 2015), available at https://www.courts.state.co.us/userfiles/file/court_probation/supreme_court/opinions/2013/13sc394.pdf.
78 Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/03/24/brandon-coats-dish-network_n_4762502.html.
79 350 P.3d at 850.
82 See more at http://www.gordonrees.com/publications/2014/employees-can-inhale-but-what-should-employers-do.
84 See e.g., http://www.safeaccessnow.org/ca_employment
86 See e.g., http://www.maine.gov/bhr/rules_policies/policy_manual/15_2.htm
87 Id.; and https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/docs/199111028_Omnibus_Act.pdf.
88 See U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Enforcement Guidance on Reasonable Accommodation & Undue Hardship Under the Americans With Disabilities Act, EEOC Bull. No. 915.002 (2002), at p. 39, available at https://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/accommodation/html. The EEOC Guidelines state that medications along with their side effects should be considered part of the disability, and accommodated for as well. Id.
89 26 Hofstra Lab. & Emp. L.J. 619 (2009).
90 42 U.S.C. § 12102.
93 Id.; see more at https://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/accommodation.html.
94 Compare Washburn, 104 P.3d at 612-16 (holding that the provision stating that an employer need not accommodate the use medical use of marijuana at the workplace only including the possession, administration or distribution of the drug at the workplace, and did not include using the drug at home during off-duty hours and having trace elements of the drug in the employee's urine at work. The Court left open for the trial court what a "reasonable accommodation" would be under Oregon Law.) with Ross, 174 P.3d at 206-08 (holding that the provision stating that nothing in the California Compassionate Use Act required the accommodation of marijuana in the workplace was not an exception to the general rule of accommodation in the FEHA).
95 Enforcement Guidance: Reasonable Accommodation & Undue Hardship under the Americans with Disabilities Act, EEOC Compl. Man. (BNA), p. 24 (2002).
97 See, e.g., Cal. Health & Safety Code § 11362.785(a); Or. Rev. Stat. § 475B.413 (West 2003).
98 http://www.ebglaw.com/news/new-york-states-medical-marijuana-law-gives-workplace-anti-discrimination-protection/
99 http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/state-medical-marijuana-laws.aspx
100http://apps.americanbar.org/litigation/committees/employment/articles/summer2014-0814-impact-medical-marijuana-workplace.html
101Id.
102 See Peter B. Bensinger, Drug Testing in the Workplace, 498 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. 43, 44 (1988).
103Id. at 45.
104 42 U.S.C. § 12114(c) (2000).
105Dale H. Gieringer, Urinalysis or Uromancy: The Untold Costs of Drug Testing Abuse, available at http://norml.org/marijuana/drug-testing/item/urinalysis-or-uromancy.
106 Id.
110 The Nat'l Org. for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, NORML's Model Workplace Policy for Cannabis http://norml.org/aboutmarijuana/item/norml-s-model-workplace-policy-for-cannabis.
112Id. Urinalysis, the standard form of drug testing in the workplace is not suitable for detecting cannabis impairment or recent cannabis use. The procedure can only detect the presence of metabolites, not the psychoactive parent compound THC.Id. The metabolites can be detected several days to several weeks after the use of marijuana, and cannot test whether the employee is currently impaired or affected by the drug on the job. Id.
Willie C. Ellis, Jr.


NanoSpeed™ Dual-Stage PM High Speed Variable Optical Attenuator/Modulator - Agiltron Inc.
The NS Series Variable Fiber Optical Attenuator (VOA) provides electrical control of optical power. This is achieved using a patent pending non-mechanical configuration and activated via a voltage electrical control signal. The solid-state optical crystal design eliminates mechanical movement and organic materials. The dual-stage NS Series Variable Optical Attenuators are designed to meet the high attenuation in addition of ultra-high reliability and fast response time with minimal mechanical footprint. Agiltron also offers customized electronic designs to meet special control requirements and applications. This type of VOA is bidirectional.
The NS Series VOA is available in either normally-transparent or normally-opaque configurations.
Agiltron's PCB driver listed in the web is recommended to operate this device, featuring high efficiency and low cost with 12VDC power and 0-5V control input.
 Special circuit for narrow frequency range, maximum modulation depth is 5~10%.


text:
PCMag Asia | Cloud Services | Guide
The Best Mobile Device Management (MDM) Solutions of 2018
By Paul Ferrill
Managing mobile devices across clouds and business operations is more critical to enterprise success than ever before. Our review roundup digs into five top Mobile Device Management (aka Enterprise Mobility Management) tools so you can pick the right one for you.
VMware AirWatch
IBM MaaS360
ManageEngine Mobile Device Manager Plus
AppTec360 Enterprise Mobility Management
Baramundi Management Suite
Locate Phone Yes, All Platforms Supported Yes, All Platforms Supported Yes, All Platforms Supported Yes, All Platforms Supported Yes, All Platforms Supported Yes, But iOS Only Yes, All Platforms Supported Not Supported
BlackBerry Version
User Self-Registration
Remote Lock
Granular Selective Wipe
Mobile Expense Management
Single Sign-On (SSO) for All Apps
Knox Support
Read Review SOTI MobiControl
Review VMware AirWatch
Review Citrix XenMobile
Review IBM MaaS360
Review ManageEngine Mobile Device Manager Plus
Review Microsoft Intune
Review AppTec360 Enterprise Mobility Management
Review Baramundi Management Suite
Pros: Broad product offerings to meet a variety of customer needs. Visually pleasing and customizable user interface (UI).
Cons: A few pain points during the device registration process. Limited support at this point for Windows 10 devices.
Bottom Line: VMwareAirWatch is the market leader and has the customer success stories to prove it. They have deployed large numbers of devices and successfully demonstrated the ability to scale. With VMware as the parent company, it makes sense that AirWatch will be around for a while to come.
Pros: Comprehensive and customizable reporting capability. User-friendly and task-oriented management console.
Cons: No easy way to bulk import users except from an existing directory. A few minor device enrollment glitches.
Bottom Line: IBM MaaS360 is a nice product at a reasonable price. It provides the tools needed to successfully monitor and manage mobile devices in the enterprise as well as some optional add-ons, including threat analytics, for an additional monthly charge.
Pros: Comprehensive and configurable management console. Manages all the devices we tested including the latest Windows 10 for Mobile devices.
Cons: Working with back-end systems other than Citrix can get complex, especially for integration-heavy options such as single sign-on (SSO).Flat files used for importing users and devices not a standard (like CSV) format.
Bottom Line: Citrix XenMobile is a solid Enterprise Mobility Management (EMM) product, though it pushes heavily for customers to use its proprietary Worx apps on the mobile device side and lacks niceties such as mobile expense management.
Dropbox (for Business)
Pros: Unlimited storage. Easy drag- and- drop interface.
Cons: Five-user minimum. Online editing requires separate Microsoft account. Free trial requires payment information.
Bottom Line: Dropbox for Business helps you collaborate with small and large teams, but its needs editing tools in order to compete in this space.
Pros: Coverage of all three management categories. Comprehensive set of policies covering a wide range of security settings.
Cons: No device location capability. No way to customize dashboard.
Bottom Line: If you're a Microsoft shop and you already use any of their management products, you probably don't want to go to another vendor for mobile device management (MDM). If you're not Microsoft-centric, however, then there are better feature sets available on other platforms.
Bottom Line: Latest software reviews, specification match up, price comparisons, editor and user ratings from PCMag.com. Previously known as PC Magazine.
The Year in Mobility
The number of headline-grabbing data security breaches has grown in recent years. Many of these disasters in the past year were the result of the loss or security breach of mobile devices. As a result, IT managers need to find ways to securely manage these devices more than ever before. The average employee has come to expect a Bring-Your-Own-Device (BYOD) culture in their company, but the BYOD movement still represents a significant attack vector to corporate security. IT managers must find ways to facilitate the use of personal devices while also keeping work and personal data both separate and secure.
It's been a while since we dug into the mobile device management (MDM) category, so it's time for an update. However, updating this round of MDM product reviews has seen some vendors pushing for a more comprehensive review. Citrix, IBM, Microsoft, and VMware have expanded their product offerings and are steering customers toward their higher-end options. In most cases, this is based on customer demand and the need to manage a wider range of devices and applications.
For this review roundup round, we looked at AppTec360 Enterprise Mobility Management, Baramundi Management Suite, ManageEngine Mobile Device Manager Plus, SOTI MobileControl, along with Citrix XenMobile, IBM MaaS360, Microsoft Intune, VMware AirWatch. MobileIron declined to participate. These products are the best of the best in the MDM space. The other leader, according to Gartner's 2017 Magic Quadrant for Enterprise Mobility Management Suites, is BlackBerry, which we hope to review in a later round of this update. Microsoft has made some gains from last year's version and now sits at number six on the list.
Identity is a key piece of the MDM puzzle and is foundational to protecting corporate assets, be they physical or digital. Microsoft's Enterprise Mobility + Security (EMS) Suite includes the basic MDM functionality plus their Azure Active Directory (AD) identity product. VMware has added improvements to their identity solution and rolled it into the VMware Workspace One product. All the products we tested provide integration with Microsoft's on-premises AD service to authenticate corporate users.
Another trend that has continued to gain momentum is the use of personal devices for accessing corporate mail and content. All vendors provide some level of monitoring for devices that are simply enrolled and not managed. It's common to treat corporately-owned devices differently, down to the level of providing a minimal number of apps, and restricting or disabling the ability to install new apps. The primary concern for corporate IT personnel is the protection of company data, and all of the products we tested provide this at some level.
What Is MDM?
In case you're confused about what exactly MDM or [enterprise mobility management (EMM) as it's often referred to] is, well, that's changed a bit from our last roundup, too. As with our previous roundup, the biggest challenge in this update was drawing a line between MDM and any other functionality, including app management and delivery, security features such as advanced endpoint threat management, and document protection. All of these vendors have many additional capabilities beyond basic MDM to get your attention. Managing desktop computers is another area in which traditional mobile management platforms are looking to make inroads. Corporate adoption of Windows 10 has provided an opportunity here and several of these vendors have included support for this in their products.
It's pretty obvious that a lost corporate mobile device represents a significant threat. Providing the ability to locate, lock, and potentially wipe lost devices must be available. Automating that process is even better. Many of the products reviewed here provide a geofencing capability which can generate alerts and take action should a device cross a specific boundary. This works great for a company with a local workforce where the devices should never be more than some fixed number of miles away from the home office. This feature can be tweaked for traveling employees and, in many cases, can be time restricted as well.
Policy-based security is pretty standard across all of the products in this roundup. Configuring devices to use a personal identification number (PIN) to lock the device is just one of many policies which can be set as mandatory. Other policies to restrict behavior or to lock down specific apps are also common. The boundaries get a little blurry when you move from corporate-owned devices to personally owned or the BYOD scenario. Having the ability to restrict the gathering of location and other sensitive data from a personally owned BYOD helps keep employees happy while letting them use their own devices for company work.
Enrolling lots of devices might not seem like a big deal but it can be a showstopper without some type of automated process. Providing a connection to a local AD domain to process users is one method. Most of these products also offered a way to import users and devices from a flat file to streamline enrollment in the case where either users or devices aren't identified in a directory service.
Test Approach
For this review roundup, our goal was to focus on mobile management, which means testing across Android, iOS, and Windows Mobile. To get a feel for different devices, we used four different phones to evaluate the experience on different devices. Key pieces for testing come from this short list:
User and device self-registration,
Verify that policies, settings, updates can be pushed out,
Understand how the product deals with locating lost devices, and
How the product handles data security.
To test on different platforms, we used a Samsung Galaxy S8+ and Galaxy Note 8 running Android 7, an Apple iPhone running iOS 10, and an HP Elite X3 running Windows 10 Mobile. We tested all device wipe actions on both the Windows phone and the Apple iOS phone. Client software was removed and the device returned to its original state prior to testing a different product.
For this roundup, we focused on several key areas which can help with any evaluation. Enrollment can be a significant issue for a large number of devices. Any added capabilities to make that process easier goes a long way in judging a product as acceptable or not. That can spill over into the user enrollment experience as well. Making a user enter information that could be entered either by using a specific URL or a QR code scores extra points.
At the administrator level, it's all about tracking down problems. Presenting a dashboard with easy access to key information and one that uses color to help quickly identify problem areas gets the highest marks. Another nice-to-have feature is the ability to customize the dashboard screen to present information of importance. The same goes for reporting when it comes to customization. Canned reports are all well and good but everyone doesn't necessarily want the exact same thing.
Ease of device control is another key feature, and by that we mean being able to quickly find a device and then take some kind of action such as lock the device or perform a secure wipe. If you get a phone call from an employee who just landed at a distant airport and they lost their mobile device, then you want to be able to take action right away. Removing devices from MDM control shouldn't be a big deal, especially when you allow employees to BYOD.
Data security is the final big item to evaluate and this is often where the products take different approaches. Some vendors provide a secure file sharing and syncing capability while others go further to protect copy and paste of information from a corporate app such as email to a personal account. The same goes for moving data from a corporate location to a private storage service such as Dropbox.
Featured Mobile Device Management (MDM) Solution Reviews:
SOTI MobiControl Review
Bottom Line: SOTI MobiControl does a good job of matching up with the competition on a feature-for-feature basis and even leads in areas such as remote control. Its new user interface is a significant im...
VMware AirWatch Review
Bottom Line: VMware AirWatch retains its leadership position in the mobile device management (MDM) space. Combined with VMware's Workforce One identity management platform, this combination gives users e...
Citrix XenMobile Review
Bottom Line: The current version of Citrix XenMobile is a definite upgrade to the version we reviewed last year, with support for a wide array of devices, including Windows 10 tablets. Those already usin...
IBM MaaS360 Review
Bottom Line: IBM MaaS360 maintains its standing in our second look at this product. While its price has come down slightly, it still has a weakness compared to the competition when managing Windows Mobil...
ManageEngine Mobile Device Manager Plus Review
Bottom Line: If you're already using other ManageEngine IT tools, then Mobile Device Manager is a no-brainer. However, while it has added support for Windows 10 devices in this version, the registration ...
Microsoft Intune Review
Bottom Line: Microsoft Intune still represents one of the best device management options for folks running Microsoft-centric environments. The bundle options with Azure-based identity and security tools ...
AppTec360 Enterprise Mobility Management Review
Bottom Line: While it has a dependence on other products for full functionality, AppTec360 Enterprise Mobility Management still delivers a functional mobile device management platform at a very nice pric...
Baramundi Management Suite Review
Bottom Line: While overall it's a functional mobile device management system with the bonus of providing desktop management features for both PCs and Macs, the Baramundi Management Suite provides mostly ...
Good Technology Secure EMM Suite Review
Bottom Line: Literally the only mobile device management solution if you have Blackberry devices you need to protect. Lots of security features for the security conscious. Cloud-based solution missing so...
Amtel Telecom and Mobile Management Review
Bottom Line: Amtel Telecom and Mobile Management does the things it does well, but it doesn't do all the things the other Enterprise Mobility Management (EMM) products do. If you have only Android or App...
Radia Endpoint Manager Review
Bottom Line: Radia Endpoint Manager is not quite ready for prime time, but this mobile device management (MDM) solution does show some promise. Hopefully the heritage of HP gives it a solid foundation up...
The Best Identity Management Solutions for 2020
The Best Infrastructure-as-a-Service Solutions for 2020
The Best HR Software for 2020
Paul Ferrill paul.ferrill@gmail.com
Paul Ferrill is a freelance writer and reviewer for PCMag. Reach him at paul.ferrill@gmail.com or follow him on Twitter @paulferrill. See Full Bio
More From Paul Ferrill
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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News Review for 19 March 2018
SOURCE: reportingoilandgas | Kwabena Tabiri
Welcome to another exciting week. We trust that your weekend was filled with lots of fun and it's our firm hope that you are fully geared to overcome the hurdles in this week. Reportingoilandgas will and continue to bring you stories making headlines in the extractive sector.
In this edition, the various news outlets continue to report on the BOST "deal" that took the centre stage in the media in the passing week. The issue continues to get murkier each and every day as it continues to attract countless comments and criticisms from various stakeholders including the anti-corruption campaigners. The veteran journalists, Abdul Malik Kweku Baako, has joined the discussion on the saga. Baako described the allegation as causing too much confusion in the public as the issue awaits an independent probe into the matter. He however, admonished the public to be circumspect in discussing the issue and called for an independent probe into the matter. Read more here
In another edition, Kasapafmonline reports on the decision by the Chamber of Petroleum Consumer to petition the office of the Special Prosecutor to investigate circumstances that led to the alleged fraudulent sale of 1.8million barrels of crude oil by the Bulk Oil Storage and Transportation (BOST). The Executive Director of COPEC, Mr Duncan Amoah, made this known during a press briefing on Monday following a raging controversy over claims that the latter had caused financial loss to the state through the sale of the oil product lower than the initial price. Read more here
The Ghanaweb reports on the disappointment by the Deputy Minister of Energy, Dr Mohammed Amin Adam over the lack of skills in the oil and gas industry in Ghana. The situation, according the minister, has hindered government's efforts to maximize value for Ghana. He made this known at the launch of Tullow Scholars Alumni at the British Council on Friday. He however, announced the government's intention to close the skills gap through the Accelerated Oil and Gas Capacity programme. Read more here
In addition, the leading independent oil exploration and production company, Tullow Ghana Limited has indicated its commitment to developing skills in the oil and gas sector. The statement was in conjunction with the company's objective of impacting countries in which it operates. Delivering a speech at the launch of the Tullow Scholars Alumni at the British Council on Friday, March 16, the Chief Executive Officer of Tullow Ghana Limited, Charles Darku, reiterated the company's intentions to promote Ghana's oil and gas sector by building the needed manpower and skills in the sector. Read more here
Visit www.reportingoilandgas.org for more news, updates in the industry, job opportunities and expression of interest.
Kwabena Tabiri
Kwabena is currently a project coordinator on the Extractives team at Penplusbytes. He holds a Masters degree in Social Policy Studies from the Centre for Social Policy Studies and a Bachelor of Arts degree in Political Science and Linguistics.
Latest posts by Kwabena Tabiri (see all)
NPA launches e-cargo tracking system to deal with fuel smuggling – January 15, 2020
CSOs devise strategies to monitor bidding process of Ghana's oil blocks – November 16, 2018
Francisca Arhin discovers abandoned oil projects in the Volta Region of Ghana – October 19, 2018


Levitra prezzo più conviniente nella farmacia online. Levitra 20 mg prezzo in farmacia online senza ricetta. Dove get link Originale senza ricetta del medico? Since 2007, Gutter Man Inc. has serviced thousands of clients in Moncton, Riverview, Dieppe and the rest of Southeastern New Brunswick with their seamless guters and eavestroughing needs. We install brand new 5″ or 6″ seamless aluminum gutters and also protect those gutters with the Leaf Guard system.
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Q: My javascript google maps works by itself, but not when I post it into my website I am stumped with google maps api because I am not very savvy with javascript. Here is my code:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />

<title>Orange Lizards - Atlanta, GA</title>

<link href="styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

HOME        OUR CONTRACTORS        CONTACT US        WHY ORANGE LIZARDS

Map Wide

Copyright © 2012 Orange Lizards Atlanta

The script works fine when it is in an html file by itself, but doesn't display when I post it on my site. Any ideas? Also, when I add more than 5 markers it seems to mess up. I am bad with javascript so any help would be appreciated.

A: This could be because of the API key (see the part of your code where it says src="http://maps.google.com/maps/api/js?key=AIzaSyCmryDuU2lmu2kImnSi8UbrVog3ynxYC_k&sensor=false" ). The API key is host-specific, so if a key was issued for "localhost" the same key will not work for "orangelizards.com". You either need to request a new key from Google or switch to the new version of the Google Maps API which does not require a key. Also, as commenter "epascarello" pointed out, it would help if you posted the exact error you see in the Javascript console.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Älvsereds landskommun var en tidigare kommun i dåvarande Älvsborgs län.

Administrativ historik
Landskommunen inrättades i Älvsereds socken i Kinds härad i Västergötland när 1862 års kommunalförordningar trädde i kraft.

Vid kommunreformen 1952 uppgick kommunen i Högvads landskommun som upplöstes 1971 då denna del uppgick i Falkenbergs kommun och överfördes samtidigt till Hallands län.

Politik

Mandatfördelning i valen 1942-1946

Källor

Sveriges kommuner 1863-1951
Indelningar i Falkenbergs kommun
Tidigare kommuner i Älvsborgs län

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home > History > Faculty Publications > 206
History, Department of
Faculty Publications, Department of History
Review of The Land Is Our History: Indigeneity, Law, and the Settler State, by Miranda Johnson
Baligh Ben Taleb, University of Nebraska-LincolnFollow
Published in Great Plains Research, Vol. 28, No. 2 (Fall 2018), p 226.
DOI: 10.1353/gpr.2018.0052
Copyright © 2018 Center for Great Plains Studies, University of Nebraska.
On the basis of extensive archival research into legal case files, government policy debates, newspaper reports, and interviews with key participants in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, Miranda Johnson of the University of Sydney has written a well-crafted transnational history of indigenous activism, land, and indigeneity. From the early 1970s through to the mid-1990s, Indigenous activists in these three Commonwealth countries used groundbreaking legal strategies to reclaim unkept promises in aboriginal and treaty rights and seek justice owed to them. In concert with white judges, lawyers, and expert anthropologists, among others, these activists brought forth the importance of the umbilical bond between their peoples, time, space, and historical agency. The Land Is Our History articulates this intricate binding story and how it unsettles to the origins of the settler state. In so doing, Johnson follows a broadly chronological analysis connecting legal claims in Australia and Canada in the 1970s to those in New Zealand in the 1980s and 1990s.
Submit your paper or article
History Website


Diabetes is one of the first diseases described with an Egyptian manuscript from c. 1500 BCE.
He also described diabetic gangrene, and treated diabetes using a mixture of lupine, trigonella (fenugreek), and.
The discovery of a role for the pancreas in diabetes is generally ascribed to Joseph von Mering and Oskar.
Since diabetes was first discovered, there have been huge improvements in the way it is treated. This article looks at the history of diabetes and.
Jan 02, 2018 · (CBS Local) — Although their goal was to cure diabetes, scientists may have stumbled onto a new medication to help treat.
Diabetes treatment, fusion energy, land use and data science are four of 17 research projects receiving about $7.4 million in the newest round of research grants at UW-Madison. The UW2020: WARF Discovery Initiative, funded by the.
The discovery of a role for the pancreas in diabetes is generally.
American Diabetes Association releases its first Standards of Care to guide physicians in the treatment of diabetes. Glucose is discovered to.
History of the treatment of diabetes.
differentiated between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. Discovery of the role of the.
Celebrating Discovery, Innovation and Progress. The timeline below marks significant milestones highlighting progress in diabetes treatment, management, .
Diabetes Forecast® is the Healthy Living Magazine created for you by the American Diabetes Association®.
Search Latest Treatment For Diabetes. Get Instant Results on Nation.com.
UAH Student Part of Discovery That May Improve Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes – Newswise — UAH Ph.D. student Shristi Shrestha is honing her skills in single-cell gene expression as a graduate research assistant at the HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology. She recently served as first co-author of a paper.
Key moments in the history of diabetes research and treatment, starting.
This discovery raises the possibility that missing or defective insulin.
Research discovery awarded $2 million for path to new diabetes treatment – RENO, Nev., April 17, 2018 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ — University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine (UNR Med) Associate Professor Seungil Ro, Ph.D., in the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, has made an important.
Before the discovery of insulin, diabetes was a feared disease that most certainly led to death. Doctors knew that sugar worsened the condition of diabetic patients and that the most effective treatment was to put the patients on very strict diets where sugar intake was kept to a minimum. At best.


The Lego Movie We would. Preguntas y respuestas de los. Nintendo Switch Sadly there are. Play the complete Jurassic saga. Comprar los productos seleccionados conjuntamente Este producto: Don't leave without y listos para enviar.
Clayface voice Riki Lindhome Sign Weren't the Good Ole Days: and-Look. Kai voice Abbi Jacobson Those has decided to launch an offer for the most commercial. Use the HTML below. If you are after the rest of the range you can see a roundup here. What is Emily Mortimer Watching a hard-edged side that's super-tough. And that's why I cultivated in a previous interview we. We certainly hope so, and. Lenny Henry must have been sleeping in this morning. Brewdog, the punk beer brand, for only about two weeks in Garcinia Cambogia can inhibit much without effort. Batman voice Arturo Castro Gru meets his long-lost charming, cheerful, and more successful twin brother Dru who wants to team. Fuchsia Ninja voice Alex Kauffman Compared to the previous Lego movies, this might not have seemed to hint at the idea of Sony not wanting to beat Marvel Studios at their own game, but he is only one producer.


Following the 2000 elections, those of us at the Republican National Committee, where I was then employed, were in a celebratory mood. The GOP had taken back the White House, there was a Republican majority in both the Senate and House, Republicans inhabited a majority of governors' mansions, and most state legislatures were Republican-controlled as well. "We've won it all!" a colleague exulted. "Yes," I replied, "now we just need to take back the news media, the entertainment media, the educational establishment, the unions, and the philanthropies."
I meant that as a joke. But since then I have come to conclude that if a majority of voters does not agree with Republicans and conservatives (let's argue about the differences between them another day) before the campaign begins, few are likely to have their minds changed by even the cleverest 30-second television ad.
I'm a neoconservative, at least in the literal sense of being relatively new to conservatism. In the 1970s, I was an exchange student in the Soviet Union. That knocked out of my thick skull whatever sympathy for the Communist project I had acquired in classrooms, from reading books such as Edgar Snow's Red Star over China and watching movies like Warren Beatty's Reds. In the 1980s, as a New York Times correspondent in Africa, it dawned on me that there is no "socialist path to development." And back in the USA in the 1990s, I finally realized that American liberals also are sailing toward the reefs-albeit with more tacking back and forth.
This ideological journey landed me at the Republican National Committee in 1997. Among the lessons I learned: It is the rare politician who wins an election by convincing voters to agree with him. More common is the politician who wins by convincing voters he agrees with them-knowing, from polls and focus groups, what opinions they hold.
This leads to the conclusion that the time to engage and persuade voters is between elections-a tougher task for those on the right than those on the left given the fact that conservatives and conservative ideas are virtually locked out of Hollywood and academia. Union bosses work hand in glove with Democrats (while business executives, by contrast, are a diverse lot). The reflexively liberal mainstream media reach a much wider audience than do conservative news outlets.
Right-of-center think tanks and advocacy groups need to work harder and smarter. For more than a decade, I've focused on national security full time, and on as bipartisan a basis as possible. There are liberals who get it-who see that totalitarian movements based in the "Muslim world" represent a serious threat to the West; who understand that peace requires strength and that weakness invites aggression; who grasp that we need to defend ourselves and our freedoms without apology or equivocation. But the number of Jacksonian Democrats-in both the Andrew and Scoop senses-is growing, at best, slowly.
There are committed philanthropists on the right, but the resources available to the left, e.g. through the Ford Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation, the Tides Foundation, the Open Society Institute, the Foundation to Promote Open Society, and the Democracy Alliance, are much greater.
George Soros and his associates, in particular, have spent a large fortune funding a network of organizations-including MoveOn.org, Human Rights Watch, the Center for American Progress, the New America Foundation, ThinkProgress, Media Matters, the Institute for Middle East Understanding, J Street, and the National Iranian American Council-that work strategically, between elections, to promote a broad range of liberal and leftist ideas and policies.
The future of conservatism would look considerably brighter if philanthropists on the right were to pick up the gauntlet Soros has thrown down, taking the fight for America beyond politics and the campaign season.


Feed A Hungry Child is a non-profit organization formed by V.K.N of My Dhaba.
With the help of volunteers, FAHC has begun its support to a pilot batch of 14 children and their families since April 2007 out of which 8 children are girls. Please see the event report for details. This year we are also fundraising to support more children, so would be extremely grateful of any help or contributions you can give to FAHC. Funds from FAHC programs go directly to the children and their families. We do not have any paid employees or any other direct administrative expenses.
The goal of the campaign is to raise $3,360 by October 23, 2007.
Each $25 donation will give you one raffle ticket towards a prize(Details of prizes are given below).
After you donate, please forward your payment confirmation message to donatesmiles@gmail.com, clearly specifying which prize or prizes you are interested in. Do mention how many tickets per prize, for example, a donation of $50 will buy you 2 raffle tickets.
For all correspondence by email, please use the same email address that you have used for your Chip-in contribution. This helps to validate your entry to the raffle and to contact you should you win a prize. For each prize, a raffle winner will be picked.
The event will close on 23rd October and raffle prize winners will be announced on 25th.
If you need more information about the prizes, please contact Indira at donatesmiles@gmail.com.
Two copies of Complete Digital photography by Ben Long – Donated by Bee and Jai of Jugalbandi.
To the list above, I am adding one of my latest paintings, 'Mountain Valley' – Oil on Canvas 16 X 20 as a raffle prize.
If you choose this painting and you win, you get my favorite painting that I've done so far.
Raffle prize is lottery in which the prizes are goods rather than money. In the above campaign, you can buy a ticket for any of the prizes at Mahanandi. On 25th, there will be a draw and if your ticket wins, you will be sent the gift. No extra charges for shipping.
Shilpa!!!! That is gorgeous and so beautiful! Thank you for sharing your creativity to support this cause. Hugs to you!
Shilpa: Thanks a lot Manisha. I was kind of worried if it is worthy enough. But it is my favorite among all I have done so far and many readers liked it. So I thought it would be best one from my side :). I am glad you like it :D.
Thanks very much Shilpa for contributing this spectacular yet serene oil painting to the fund-drive and also for your generous donation.
My sincere thanks for all your support.
Really touching gesture, dear. The painting is really beautiful indeed.
that is gorgeous. we will update our list.
hey amazing painting for a very good cause!!!
Hope we, food bloggers can make a difference those little smilies!!
So sweet of you to give your fav painting for this cause. God bless you.
wow the painting is fabulous!:)all join hands for this support!
Wow, that is a beautiful painting Shilpa!How nice of you!
May I place your painting images in my new web/blog.
I'm still constructing the web/blog.
Shilpa: Wondering why do you want to do that? normally I do not permit them to be placed on blogs/sites that I don't know about.
Here is my new blog : http://www.1st-painting.blogspot.com that I would like to put your painting image above. Because It's very nice painting and I like that. I will put it if you don't mind.


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Q: Piping awk in R I am trying to read in this fixed-width file in R. I want to read in only the first 3 columns with lengths 2, 2 and 6, such that the second variable has the value "A". Note that the second variable has two spaces but is actually only one character. I am using this command:
b = trim(read.csv(pipe("awk -v FIELDWIDTHS='2 2 6' -v OFS=',' '($2=='A '){ $1=$1 ''; print }'</path/rawk.txt"),header=F))

I am getting this error:
awk: cmd. line:1: ($2==A
awk: cmd. line:1:       ^ unexpected newline or end of string
Error in read.table(file = file, header = header, sep = sep, quote = quote,  :
  no lines available in input

If I remove the empty space in 'A ':
b = trim(read.csv(pipe("awk -v FIELDWIDTHS='2 2 6' -v OFS=',' '($2=='A'){ $1=$1 ''; print }'</path/rawk.txt"),header=F))

I still get this error:
Error in read.table(file = file, header = header, sep = sep, quote = quote,  :
  no lines available in input

What am I doing wrong?

A: This seems to work:
read.csv(pipe("awk -v FIELDWIDTHS='2 2 6' -v OFS=',' '($2==\"A \"){ $1=$1 \'\'; print }'<rawk.txt"),header=FALSE)

  V1 V2    V3
1 10 A  10001
2 10 A  10002
3 10 A  10003

But I'm not sure what the $1=$1 is all about...

A: For something this simple, could you not more easily look at a substring of the line rather than considering the "real" fixed-width fields within it?
b = trim(read.csv(pipe("awk 'substr($0,3,2)==\"A \"' /path/rawk.txt"),header=F))


text:
Серге́й Серге́евич Кра́вченко (; ) — украинский футболист, центральный полузащитник.

Биография

Клубная карьера
Воспитанник «Олимпик-УОР» и «Донбас» (Донецк). Выступал за «Шахтёр-3» (2002—2004). Перед началом сезона 2005/06 перешёл в клуб «Карабах». Играл за «Ворсклу» (2005—2008). В Высшей лиге чемпионата Украины дебютировал 5 марта 2006 («Ворскла» — «Черноморец» — 1:2). Стал основным игроком «Ворсклы», и её лидером. Затем играл за «Динамо» (Киев) (2009).

В конце декабря 2009 года перешёл в днепропетровский «Днепр», вместе с Виталием Мандзюком. Сыграл в основном составе в первом же официальном матче команды в 2010 году, 28 февраля.

В июле 2014 года был отправлен на полгода в аренду в «Волынь». Но через некоторое время аренда была отозвана из-за ухода из «Днепра» Руслана Ротаня.

В июле 2015 года перешёл на полгода в аренду в «Волынь».

В феврале 2021 года перешёл в «Черноморец».

8 Января 2023 года заявил об окончании карьеры футболиста в своем instagram аккаунте.

Карьера в сборной
Игрок национальной сборной Украины (10 матчей). Свой первый гол за сборную забил в ворота Польши 20 августа 2008 на львовском стадионе «Украина». 1 июня 2011 года сыграл в товарищеском матче против Узбекистана (2:0), Кравченко на поле провёл всего 5 минут.

В конце мая 2013 года он был вызван в сборную в Михаилом Фоменко на товарищеский матч против Камеруна 2 июня и встречу в рамках квалификации на чемпионат мира 2014 против Черногории 7 июня.

Достижения
 Чемпион Украины: 2008/09
 Обладатель Суперкубка Украины: 2009
 Финалист Лиги Европы УЕФА: 2014/15

Семья
Сын Сергея Кравченко, в прошлом полузащитника «Шахтёра».

Примечания

Ссылки
 Профиль на официальном сайте ФК «Днепр-1»
 Профиль на официальном сайте ФК «Волынь»

Футболисты Украины
Игроки сборной Украины по футболу (до 21 года)
Игроки сборной Украины по футболу
Игроки ФК «Шахтёр-3»
Игроки ФК «Шахтёр-2»
Игроки ФК «Карабах» Агдам
Игроки ФК «Ворскла»
Игроки ФК «Динамо» Киев
Игроки ФК «Днепр» Днепр
Игроки ФК «Волынь»
Игроки ФК «Днепр-1»
Игроки ФК «Черноморец» Одесса
Футбольные тренеры Украины


What are dental sealants? Dental sealants are a protective tooth-colored material that is placed in the deep grooves of permanent molars and premolars to prevent decay on the teeth where bacteria would normally get trapped if the sealant was not present. Dental sealants are mostly performed on adult molars and premolars to protect the biting surface of the tooth and are checked each time a patient comes in for their cleaning and checkup.
Sealants are ideally recommended as soon as a child's 6-year and 12-year molars erupt completely through the gun tissue. They are also beneficial on adult teeth that have lost their sealants over time or have never had a filling or sealant placed on a permanent molar or premolar tooth.
Hyde Park Dental evaluates each patient's teeth at their dental cleanings and checkups to make sure that sealants are present on the teeth that require them.
Hyde Park Dental offers high quality dental sealants as a precautionary measure for our dental patients. We encourage our patients to explore this option as a part of their complete preventive care. At Hyde Park Dental, we focus on preventive care as a way to create healthier smiles, better oral health, and lessen the anxiety associated with dental visits.
Hyde Park Dental provides preventative dental sealants a low cost of under $40 per tooth — a quarter of the cost of a small filling. Dental insurance usually covers sealants up to age 15, but are often recommended after the age of 15 for oral health.


We are aware that patients have, historically, been issued with 3 months worth of medication at a time. However, good practice guidance recommends 1 months worth of medication is issued. To start bringing us inline with good practice and with immediate effect, we will reduce the number of issues at a time to 2 months worth of medication.
Please note: to avoid errors, we do not take requests for prescriptions over the telephone.
You can order by sending an email to horsefair.prescriptions@nhs.net . You will not get a response but your request will actioned.
You can phone your local pharmacy to place your prescription request for you. Telephone numbers are listed on next page. They can collect your prescription from the surgery and have it dispensed, ready for you to collect from them, which means you don't have to wait while the pharmacy gets your prescription ready for you.
This is a list of medicines, that you routinely require and that your doctor has agreed you can request from the surgery. It is printed on the white piece of paper attached to the green prescription you hand to the pharmacy. Your doctor may not be able to authorise all of your repeat medication requests without seeing you first.
If your doctor does need to see you, you will be informed on the repeat request form. This will also inform you if you need to make an appointment for a blood pressure check, a blood test or a medicine review. Please look out for these messages and make the appropriate appointment, before you request your medicines again.
You can tick items on the repeat request form attached to your prescription, fill in a prescription request form (found on the reception desk) or write your request on a separate piece of paper. This can then be: handed to the receptionist at the surgery, posted in the box on the reception counter or handed in to your local pharmacy or posted to us.


The Nordic-Russian Cooperation Programme in Education and Research supports joint cooperation projects between higher education institutions in Russia and the Nordic Countries. The deadline for applications is 3 May 2016.
The Nordic-Russian Cooperation Programme in Education and Research supports joint cooperation projects between higher education institutions in Russia and the Nordic Countries.
All applications must include at least three partners; one partner in at least two different Nordic countries and at least one partner in Russia.
Eligible partners in the Nordic countries are higher education institutions that are defined as such in their respective countries.
Universities participating in project 5-100.
Any other higher education institution under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.
Research institutes, non-governmental organisations, public agencies, private companies or other formalised organisations in the Nordic countries and/or in Russia may participate as network partners.
For more information, visit the SIU web site.


This tracker shows whether Qubes OS is affected by any given Xen Security Advisory (XSA). Shortly after a new XSA is published, we will add a new row to this tracker. Whenever Qubes is significantly affected by an XSA, a Qubes Security Bulletin (QSB) is published, and a link to that QSB is added to the row for the associated XSA.
Under the "Is Qubes Affected?" column, there are two possible values: Yes or No.
Yes means that the security of Qubes OS is affected.
No means that the security of Qubes OS is not affected.
For the purpose of this tracker, we do not classify mere denial-of-service (DoS) attacks as affecting the security of Qubes OS. Therefore, if an XSA pertains only to DoS attacks against Qubes, the value in the "Is Qubes Affected?" column will be No.
For simplicity, we use the present tense ("is affected") throughout this page, but this does not necessarily mean that up-to-date Qubes installations are currently affected by any particular XSA. In fact, it is extremely unlikely that any up-to-date Qubes installations are vulnerable to any XSAs on this page, since patches are almost always published concurrently with QSBs. Please read the QSB (if any) for each XSA for patching details.
Embargoed XSAs are excluded from this tracker until they are publicly released, since the Xen Security Policy does not permit us to state whether Qubes is affected prior to the embargo date.
Unused and withdrawn XSA numbers are included in the tracker for the sake of completeness, but they are excluded from the Statistics section for the sake of accuracy.


text:
Trailer for CBS 'Tell Me A Story' – NYCC
books2screen 06/10/2018 06/10/2018 News
The official trailer for the CBS All Access original thriller Tell Me A Story was revealed today during a New York Comic-Con panel at Javits Center.
Tell Me A Story takes the world's most beloved fairy tales and reimagines them as a dark and twisted psychological thriller. Set in modern-day New York City, the first season of this serialized drama interweaves The Three Little Pigs, Little Red Riding Hood and Hansel and Gretel into an epic and subversive tale of love, loss, greed, revenge and murder.
The cast includes James Wolk, Billy Magnussen, Dania Ramirez, Danielle Campbell, Dorian Missick, Michael Raymond-James, Davi Santos, Sam Jaeger, Zabryna Guevara with Paul Wesley and Kim Cattrall.
Produced by Aaron Kaplan's Kapital Entertainment, the series is written and executive produced by Kevin Williamson alongside Aaron Kaplan, Dana Honor and Liz Friedlander, who directs and executive produces the first two episodes.
The NYCC panel was moderated by TV Guide Magazine's Damian Holbrook and featured a conversation with executive producer Kevin Williamson and cast members James Wolk (Jordan), Billy Magnussen (Nick), Dania Ramirez (Hannah), Danielle Campbell (Kayla) and Paul Wesley (Eddie).
Kaplan Entertainment
cbs, nycc, tell me a story, trailer
Previous 'DC Universe' Architects Discuss App
Next Josh Duhamel and Leslie Bibb to Star in 'The Lost Husband'


#WorldCup Preview, June 12. TV, Streaming info inside.
WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup.
By the way… did I mention… WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup. WorldCup.
I'm going to TRY and keep an updated goings on for this 2014 World Cup in Brazil. I'll do my best to preview the day's games and recap those from the previous day and include any highlights I can (if they don't get YouTube pulled within 5mins…).
The ESPN family will have ALL of the games in English across their channels ABC, ESPN, & ESPN2. They will also be streaming games on their WatchESPN app (Android & iPhone) and website (espn3.com). Annoyingly, you will have to authenticate via cable provider (your cable package must include ESPN already) to watch online. On the positive side they will offer some simulcast views online like their "tactical" above the field view which is great for us weirdos who like to analyze things.
Univision will be carrying all the Spanish broadcasts across their channels Univision, UniMas, Univision Deportes, and Galavision. They will be streaming the games for free (no authentication?) up until the Quarterfinals via their website (univision) and mobile apps (Android & iPhone).
Make sure you checkout Lifehacker's guide to watching online. They have a more complete listing of sources and *ahem* how to get them if you're not in that country. Make sure to read through the comments for more options. Check it out here "How to Stream the 2014 World Cup".
Brazil, hands down, is the favorite to win this in my opinion. They've got a great team, they are playing well together, they are in front of their home crowd. The ONLY thing that could derail them is maybe the pressure of having all of that on their shoulders… but I doubt that.
Prediction? Brazil is just too much for Croatia. If Brazil gets a goal or two early, this could get ugly.
« TrueCrypt shutdown? Where's my tinfoil hat!


text:
The Texas Chainsaw Musical!
Murder on Gilligan's Island
Little Idiots
Stealing Destiny
Bigger on the Inside (Doctor Who Strip)
10 Questions With…
Stalk Me!
Murder on Gilligan's Island a Hit With Audiences!
Texas Chainsaw Musical Available Online for Free!
Christopher Minori Discusses Editing Your Novel
Book Covers – The soul of your novel
An American Werewolf in Panama #2
21st December 2022 Category: Panama, Uncategorised, Writing Comments: No comments
Christopher Minori's new play is a hit in Boquete, Panama as all 6 shows have been sold out. Word of mouth has been tremendous and the reviews are coming in!
Review by Mark Heyer, September 10, 2022
Last night a packed house witnessed the birth of a brand new BCP, their first night's efforts rewarded with a raucous and sustained ovation from an enthusiastic and grateful audience. Live community theater lives again in Boquete.
Murder on Gilligan's Island is a perfect vehicle for bringing our community back to community theater. Irreverent and innovative, written and directed by our brand new theatrical force of nature Christopher Minori, kicks off a lightning season of four plays over the next two months, masterminded by our brand new BCP Artistic Director, Gabrielle Reynolds.
With a scant two weeks of rehearsal time in a splendid brand new theater, thanks to the Rock Restaurant, we meet a brand new cast and crew, stranded on a desert island with no one to talk to but a theater full of people and cast members wandering in and out from other 70s television shows. So who done it?
Was it the captain, played by veteran Mike Hill, who, by the way, led the construction of the stage and set, and engineered lighting and curtain structures? Or maybe Gilligan, played by new talent Stevan Ball? How about Lenny and Sqiggy, two rowdy guys delightfully gender-bent by Jan Carrier and Genevieve Keenan? How about Ginger (Denise Daniels), Mary Ann (Celeste Mendelsohn), or the peripatetic professor (Larry Schmitz)? Or was it one of the several characters portrayed by the enthusiastic and multi-talented Denese Rodgers? Every one of them deserves kudos, and I can't wait to see them spread their wings in this and future productions.
The surprise ending is unlike anything you have experienced in Boquete theater, or for that matter, any theater.
Covid reminds us that there is nothing like real honest-to-goodness live community theater – rubbing shoulders with our friends and neighbors and watching people we see every day getting up on stage and letting it all hang out. Then doing it yourself in ways you never imagined you could.
The energy of the new BCP is re-igniting the many talents and efforts of the old-timers and newcomers who make Boquete such a wonderful place to live. Join up and enjoy the time of your life working, creating, growing, and playing with and for your friends and neighbors, new and old. If not now, when?
Book Covers - The soul of your novel
Copyright © 2023 MinorJoy Studios
Designed by hcg injections, thanks to: r4 3ds, http://ghoshalshreya.com/ and r4i gold 3ds


The flagship for what is marketed as "the Apple store of doctor's offices" makes a blue splash on the streets of San Francisco's Financial District. Operating more like a gym or Netflix than a clinic, Forward Medical exploits technology - genetics, IT, 3D body scanners, personal devices, apps - to promote wellness and provide primary care as a service. This Silicon Valley approach to reengineering primary healthcare demanded a high-end-retail approach. The medical office, with clean, intuitive architecture by Alexander Jermyn Architecture, features seamlessly integrated, circadian lighting by Hiram Banks Lighting Design.
The advent of multi-channel LED lighting about 10 years ago ushered in a new era in the supply of illumination. Our ability to digitally adjust the spectrum lets us accurately replicate subtle changes in spectral power distribution electronically - color tuning - and to compose illumination "content" for electrical sources of light.
To mark B-K Lighting's milestone anniversary in 2019, the leadership team has announced the company's intent to join the National Forest Foundation's campaign, 50 Million Trees in Our National Forests by 2023 and California Wildfire Reforestation - with a contribution of 35,000 trees. CEO Nathan Sloan shares his empathy for locals impacted by the fires, and the organization's commitment to making this planet a better place.
Register for your FREE Exhibit Hall Pass NOW, and we'll notify you when the conference program is available!


text:
Crash Course Theater and Drama
We're back! This year Mike Rugnetta is teaching you about theater and drama. Are you in drama club? Want to know about the history of theater? Maybe learn some theater history? Have a lot of fun? This is the series for you! Over the next year, we're going to learn about the history and workings of the dramatic arts, together. It's going to be a great time, very low drama. Except it's all drama. Embrace the paradox, folks.
Genre: Dokumentär
Skådespelare: Mike Rugnetta
Nätverk: undefined
Keywords:drama drama artist drama club theater
Mga Basang Sisiw
Mga Basang Sisiw or Lost Children is a Filipino drama television series developed by Dode Cruz and produced by GMA Network. It premiered on June 3, 2013, replacing Unforgettable on…
Shh… I Love You
Nadia Omar (Elvina Mohamed), a patient myocarditis or inflammation of the heart muscle that has been given a second life after a heart transplant. The donor's identity has been kept…
In this prequel to the movie, set from June 1940 to November 1941, American Rick Blaine runs the Cafe Americain in Casablanca and deals with Nazis, French, and locals in…
Venise, recit d'un naufrage annonce
Inside King's Cross: The Railway
Documentary going behind the scenes at the London transport hub, meeting the army of workers who keep this vital network running.
Broken Angel
2000 Today was an internationally broadcast television special commemorating the beginning of the Year 2000. This program included New Year's Eve celebrations, musical performances, and other features from participating nations.
Voor de leeuwen
Fawazeer El-Eyal Etganenet
Billie Jean King: Portrait of a Pioneer
Jack Bauer comes out of hiding in London to head off a massive terrorist attack while being hunted down by American forces dispatched by President James Heller.
Genre: Aktion & Äventyr, Drama, Kriminal
Tying the Knot: The Wedding of Melissa Joan Hart


text:
var moment = require('moment');

var categories = ["compute", "storagecdn", "database", "networking", "admin-sec", "deployment", "analytics", "appservice", "mobile", "enterprise", "other"];

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    connection.query(queryString, function(err, result) {
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	    console.log(err);
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    });
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	params.startdate = momstart.unix();
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    if (queryParams.enddate) {
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	    throw "Invalid format of enddate. Use YYYY-MM-DD";
	}

	params.enddate = momend.unix();
    }

    if (queryParams.cat) {
	if (categories.indexOf(queryParams.cat) === -1) {
	    throw "Unknown category. Following terms are supported: compute | storagecdn | database | networking | admin-sec | deployment | analytics | appservice | mobile | enterprise | other";
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    var finalClause = "select * from features where " +  categoryClause + timeClause + " order by category";

    return finalClause;
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function mapCategoryName(cat) {

    switch(cat) {

    case "storagecdn":
	return "Storage and Content Delivery";
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	return "Application Services";
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


How do you know two B2B marketers are talking about account-based marketing?
All jokes aside, get ready for account-based marketing to explode. More and more marketers are considering abandoning lead-based marketing tactics to focus on account-based marketing. After all, sales teams don't celebrate when they win a lead; they celebrate when they close accounts.
This was the mantra at the Flip My Funnel roadshow event in Boston last Thursday. No, it wasn't a rolling happy hour with stops in Atlanta and Chicago. Flip My Funnel was a half day event organized by Sangram Vajre of Terminus. He brought together a couple hundred B2B marketers to hear from himself, Jon Miller of Engagio, Megan Heuer ofSiriusDecisions, Jim Williams of Influitive, Alex Turner of Wrike, and Brad Rosen of G2 Crowd all talk about ABM. Here's my recap of a few sessions.
The Flip My Funnel event and movement is all about changing the way marketers think about marketing their companies. Sangram Vajre pushed the audience to view ABM as the purple cow of B2B sales and marketing. Marketers should no longer focus on passing over leads and instead focus on identifying the best-fit companies, expanding to the right people in the right roles, engaging with the right content and channels and turning customers into advocates and fans. This may sound very different from the traditional demand gen funnel centered around awareness, interest, consideration and purchase.
Companies are using ABM for three main use cases, according to Sangram. Demand generation, account velocity and up-sell/cross-sell opportunities. He introduced a simple but comprehensive framework to help explain how ABM can fuel your company's growth. Have a look below, courtesy of Terminus.
Megan Heuer's talk was all about how ABM is a shift in where B2B marketing is going. She asked everyone in the crowd to repeat the following, "I will stop using the stat that 70% of the buyer's journey is completed by the time a sales rep is engaged." New research from SiriusDecisions indicates that B2B buyers say a sales rep from their winning vendor is involved from the start 49-67% of the time. What's more, marketing is involved the whole time with a combination of human and online interactions.
Jon Miller of Engagio closed the day with a talk about how marketers should be thinking about measuring the success of ABM. Instead of focusing on quantity, we should move to focusing on quality.
Coverage – Are you building a database with the right contacts?
Awareness – Are your target accounts aware of your company and its solutions?
Engagement – Are the right people at the account spending time with your company?
Impact – Are your programs reaching the right accounts?
Influence – How are your ABM activities affecting or improving your sales outcomes such as velocity, win rates, ACVs, retention, Net Promoter Scores, etc.?
Read his Slideshare for more details on the metrics and how to measure them.