Can we ever be "fully literate" in all dimensions of literacy?
Closing the distance between distance education and myself.
LMS or VLE? Don't matter to me! Canvas? Let's see.
Can an educator become YouTube famous? Creating, comparing and critiquing an educational Vlog.
Blended learner = blended educator.
Module-making: finishing touches to going worldwide.
Can't fight the #EdTech juggernaut.
Learning as a chaotic, evolving mosaic.
The digital life of a teacher-entertainer.
Educational software is changing for us, and us for it.
Distance education: bringing the Mr. Petlak Classroom Experience Worldwide?
Determining pros and cons myself of modern internet learning as self-determination.
I'm not secretive, I'm Socrative; Assessing Assessment Tools.
Assistive technology knows no bounds!
A whole new world: virtual and augmented reality.
Ed Tech is/has always been about us and our learners.
Let the chords be with you.
Piano: Don't cut (chord) corners.
Learnin' piano on the go, bro!
Learning piano: Patience, hard work and connections that transcend time.
How I overcame #edtech anxiety.
Being a devil's advocate teacher.
I M Connected. R U? U R?! GR8.
"You're born a teacher". Making teaching a science?
When your teacher Snapchats in class.
Why do Students Snapchat? Intimacy and Connectedness.
Fundamental rights of open education.
Looking at the digital educator narrative, wearing Googles.
Net neutrality, safety in ambiguity, equity, and a digital(ly) divide(y).
ED Goals: Continue to connect, learn, question and improve.
Defining what exactly #EdTech is.
EdTech in class doesn't just enhance learning, it IS learning.
Just Google it? Just Google it right. Building from simple to complex.
Sharing and openness. A moral imperative, even on social media.
Good intentions and what is morally just make EdTech equitable.
Should you sell your educating soul for the right reason (students)?
Dialled in, plugged in, and loving life.
Educate and you will be gold.
Internet enhances productivity and connectivity.
Pound for pound, we are exposed to more information and ideas than any point in human history. The internet and wireless connectivity is to thank for this. Can it be overwhelming? Undoubtedly. Does it pose the potential of distraction? Certainly. But this glass half-empty nonsense fails to appreciate the depth of opportunity that the internet provides us with. Ultimately, it has the power to increase productivity. It makes us capable of accumulating a greater knowledge-base, organizing that content, requiring us to think critically about said knowledge-base, and network with others on the topic, be it independently (through MOOCs) or in the school setting.
How we as educators utilize this?
I love PowerPoint. While some evidence may dictate that PowerPoint in excess isn't successful, I would question the parameters of the testing. I use PowerPoint as a organizational visual for a wide variety of instructional strategies. It can describe to students how to do a reading strategy for an article, it can incorporate pictures into content, build foundations for Screencasting or flipped classrooms as well as provide steps for group or lab work. I can ask meaningful questions to the class but cater to the learner who might understand it better by reading the question… or collect and organize information from students and provide copies to those that have missed. The program, and others like it, all serve this purpose and, when used appropriately and alongside YouTube and search engines, enhance instruction and outcome achievement in students.
In a Science 9 classroom, I have the opportunity to feed inquiry and answer the questions of my students right before their eyes. I don't simply provide an answer, but also show them how learning can grow and extend into new learning as I ask new questions to allow the pursuit of knowledge to grow. And I keep the tabs open to show how we went from one idea to the next. Ex. Mitosis -important parts of what's copied?-> Nucleus -contains information, as what?-> DNA – there's something similar to DNA?-> RNA – what has RNA in it?-> Viruses -Example of virus?-> E. Bola –> can E. Bola affect us in SK?
That is what students learn in a classroom with PowerPoint and a visual of how their instructor utilizes the internet and wireless connectivity to learn… and it models proper use of devices that extend this learning to anywhere they are… or communication with experts, opinions and facts from around the world.
A friend shared this video on Facebook the other day (Holly shared a post about the School System by the same individual, Prince Ea), and the pro-tech and social media-using individual in me actually got rattled by the assumptions in this video. Prince Ea is very poetic and engaging individual but I feel his take on this is very much the negative side of the range of connectedness we have today. Literacy rates have increased substantially since the advent of increased global connectedness in the past fifty years, and while I believe he may feel we are more distracted, I would be inclined to disagree.
Reminded me of our discussion regarding how we commonly villainize changes, presentation media, the internet and we may fail to appreciate the "new normal" or "changing humanity". Any thoughts? Are we really more disconnected now than ever or do our devices help us connect even better now than ever before?
I love that Prince Ea video. It is very powerful. I agree that it takes the views of the negative side, but it is a great snapshot to use when the tech in my classroom is being misused too frequently. I appreciate the critical lens you used when looking at how educators are utilizing the tech as tools for instruction. You talked about PPT as a powerful tool. Do you experiment with other slide tools or is that your only go to?
Tried Smart Notebook, hated it, and went back to PPT. Attending a workshop for Skype and Microsoft Classroom soon and we'll see how that goes… I think in the short term until I have a regular schedule of teaching assignments in my career I will stick to what's comfortable… but definitely open to experimentation.


text:
/**
 * \file src/pt2pt/mpid_recv.c
 * \brief ADI level implemenation of MPI_Recv()
 */
#include "mpidimpl.h"

/**
 * \brief ADI level implemenation of MPI_Recv()
 *
 * \param[in]  buf            The buffer to receive into
 * \param[in]  count          Number of expected elements in the buffer
 * \param[in]  datatype       The datatype of each element
 * \param[in]  rank           The sending rank
 * \param[in]  tag            The message tag
 * \param[in]  comm           Pointer to the communicator
 * \param[in]  context_offset Offset from the communicator context ID
 * \param[out] status         Update the status structure
 * \param[out] request        Return a pointer to the new request object
 *
 * \returns An MPI Error code
 */
int MPID_Recv(void          * buf,
              int             count,
              MPI_Datatype    datatype,
              int             rank,
              int             tag,
              MPID_Comm     * comm,
              int             context_offset,
              MPI_Status    * status,
              MPID_Request ** request)
{
  int mpi_errno;

  /* ---------------------------------------- */
  /* NULL rank means nothing to do.           */
  /* ---------------------------------------- */
  if (rank == MPI_PROC_NULL)
    {
      MPIR_Status_set_procnull(status);
      *request = NULL;
      return MPI_SUCCESS;
    }

  mpi_errno = MPIDI_Irecv(buf,
                          count,
                          datatype,
                          rank,
                          tag,
                          comm,
                          context_offset,
                          status,
                          request,
                          (char*)__FUNCTION__);

  if (*((*request)->cc_ptr) == 0)
    {
      MPID_Request_release(*request);
      *request = NULL;
    }

   return mpi_errno;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Coin Profiles
Home Page Profiles
Home Page US
Coin Profiles – The United States $20 Liberty Double Eagle Gold Coin: 1849-1907
Blanchard and Company
Too much gold? Start minting the Liberty Double Eagle
It was 1849, and the Philadelphia Mint had more Gold Rush gold than it could possibly mint. First, they minted $2.50 quarter eagles. Then half eagles. Then eagles.
And still, the Mint's coffers overflowed with unused gold (if only we all had that problem).
So, Congressman James Iver McKay amended a bill to include authorization for a new coin–the largest circulating coin America would ever see. On March 3, 1849, Congress authorized the $20 Liberty double eagle. It would go on to be minted for 57 years, becoming a fixture in American numismatics.
However, before the coin's reign began, simply getting it designed was an uphill battle.
As he worked on the coin, Mint Chief Engraver James Barton Longacre was under constant assault by the duplicitous Chief Coiner Franklin Peale. Peale had a scheme running, in which he used Mint property to mint and sell medals for his own profit. The scheme would eventually be Peale's downfall a few years later, but in 1849, Peale's medal-making was still in full swing. Peale worried that Longacre's efforts would interfere with his medal-making, so he delayed Longacre's design work for as long as possible.
Longacre persevered through three separate designs, and eventually his double eagle was produced. The obverse featured a Greco-Roman Liberty head with her hair pulled back and a diadem resting lightly on her head. The reverse shows the Great Seal of the United States – an eagle holding a shield that represents America. The eagle also holds a double ribbon, symbolic of the coin's denomination.
The double eagle was an immediate success and remained so for decades to come, until President Franklin D. Roosevelt criminalized the private ownership of gold in 1933. Millions of double eagles were then melted down or sent overseas, greatly reducing the current supply.
Three major types of the double eagle exist:
The Type 1 (No Motto) was minted 1850–1866, with many high-grade examples coming from San Francisco Mint specimens that were lost in shipwrecks for over 100 years. Thousands, for example, sunk with the SS Central America, a ship loaded with more than two tons of gold dust, nuggets, coins, and ingots from the California Gold Rush. The loss of Central America's treasure was so severe that it set off the Panic of 1857. Over a century later, treasure hunters recovered the precious cargo, including thousands of beautiful, glittering Type 1 double eagles.
The Type 2 double eagle, minted 1866–1876, was the first double eagle to bear the words "In God We Trust". The addition required slight modifications to the design, and in that process, small changes were also made to the eagle and shield. Type 2 double eagles are primarily sought by type collectors, with mint-condition Carson City double eagles being a standout rarity.
The Type 3 double eagle was minted 1877–1907 and features alterations to the "In God We Trust" motto and the Liberty Head, as well as a lengthening of "Twenty D." to "Twenty Dollars". In 1891, gold was discovered in Cripple Creek, Colorado, and the Denver Mint was established. About 12 Type 3 double eagle proofs were struck there, and one sold in 2010 for over half a million dollars.
With their rich variety and history, Liberty Head double eagles present endless opportunities for beginner and experienced investors alike.
1907 Historical Events Timeline
April – Hersheypark Is Opened
On April 24, Milton S. Hershey, founder of Hershey's Chocolate, opens Hersheypark to the public. Previously it had been for the use of Hershey's employees, but on this day, enormous crowds come to enjoy the park's games. One year later, the first ride is added: the merry-go-round. Over the years, the park adds many more roller coasters—including the East Coast's first looping roller coaster (to many a parent's delight, no doubt).
June – Typhoid Mary Is Singled Out
On June 15, typhoid researcher George Soper publishes the results of his research into typhoid outbreaks in the New York area. He has found the culprit: an Irish cook who was present for all the outbreaks but left after they began, leaving no forwarding address behind. When he does track her down, she sends him away, but she's eventually forced by authorities into quarantine for three years. She's then released on the condition that she never again work as a cook, but after several years of underemployment as a laundress, she changes her name and goes back to cooking, causing outbreaks wherever she works. She spends the last 23 years of her life on an island in forced quarantine.
November – Oklahoma Is Admitted to the Union
On November 16, Oklahoma is admitted as the 46th state. To mark the occasion, a wedding ceremony is performed for the two territories that "wedded" to form the state. Oklahoma becomes a locus of the oil industry when underground pools of oil are discovered, driving much of the state's early economic growth.
December – West Virginia Suffers the Worst Mining Disaster in American History
On December 8, 380 men and boys are inside the Monongah Mine when explosions tear through it. The force is so great that the earth shakes eight miles away. 362 miners die, most of them instantly. The public begins to demand the regulation of mines to protect workers, and in 1910, Congress creates the United States Bureau of Mines.
Previous articleNew Dated Gold Coin Market Thanks to Fairmont/Hendricks Collection
Next articleAncient Coins: Lydian Gold Considered First Coins in the World

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This course utilizes both classroom instruction and range time. The one on one (or max 3 students per instructor) instruction enables high information retention from the shooter.
Note: A registration for this class is for one person. The class will lock and prevent other registrations. Another person may be added at the range before or on the day of the class.
60 rounds of 5.56 or 223 ammunition. Semi-Automatic, magazine fed, iron-sighted or optic mounted Carbine with an optional sling. Two or more M4 magazines. Additionally, a belt with M4 belt magazine holders and/or chest rig can be used. Carbine can be provided Note: Ammunition and equipment can be purchased at the range for range shooting portion of the course.


text:
Author Josh Guesman
cornerofthegalaxygmail-com
Producer/Co-Host
I've been covering the LA Galaxy since 2009 and am the Co-Creator, Producer, and Host of all the shows at CoG and this one time I was even published in the LA Times! Proud member of the North American Soccer Reporters (NASR). I grew up in SoCal and enjoy covering all things Galaxy related. It's where my focus is and where I feel like I can have the most impact on how people get their independent soccer coverage. In fact, that's why I started this site. To give unbiased news, opinion, and entertainment about the Galaxy. No one pays anyone on the site to do this. This is TRULY independent coverage and that's the way I want to keep it.
PODCAST: Galaxy roster might be feeling 22, but some can't stay, stay, stay
Dignity Health Sports Park was once holy ground. Can some big roster decisions make it a fortress again? Do you...
PODCAST: Disaster Decision Day for Galaxy. It didn't have to be this way.
Out of the playoffs for all of five minutes, the LA Galaxy will watch the postseason from their homes instead...
VIDEO: "We spent 5 minutes of the season not in the playoffs, and now we're out" – Galaxy Post-Game vs MINnesota
The LA Galaxy drew 3-3 to Minnesota United on Sunday night in a game that turned out to be a...
Galaxy's collapse complete. Draw with Minnesota not enough for playoff berth
The LA Galaxy got two-goal from Javier Hernandez, and another one from Sebastian Lletget, but the draw with Minnesota United...
PODCAST: Galaxy have one game and multiple ways in. But "Just Win, Baby!"
The LA Galaxy have a simple mindset heading into Sunday; just win! But can they play free and flowing knowing...
Galaxy Playoff Scenarios FOR SUNDAY
The playoff scenarios for the LA Galaxy match with Minnesota are wide and varying with the Galaxy able to finish...
VIDEO: "We definitely had the chances to win it." – LA Galaxy post-game media call (Draw with Seattle)
The LA Galaxy earned a big road draw on Monday night as they drew with Seattle 1-1. They had chances...
Hernandez, Bond save Galaxy's season in draw with Sounders
Chicharito scores an early goal, and Bond saves the Galaxy in stoppage time. An important point is earned on the...
VIDEO: "We need to be better. We need to execute better." – LA Galaxy Media Call, Seattle Preview
LA Galaxy Greg Vanney sat down to take with the media before the Galaxy traveled to Seattle to take on...


text:
Mama's Gun
4.5 12 5 1
by Erykah BaduErykah Badu
View All Available Formats & Editions
34 New & Used Starting at $1.99
A bold and beautiful collection of funk- and rock-fueled songs, Erykah Badu's Mama's Gun sounds more inspired by the soul wailings of Chaka Khan than the jazzy musings of Billie Holiday that helped fuel her critically acclaimed debut, Baduizm. Shedding the ethereal lyrics that made "On & On" and "Next Lifetime" so engaging, this time Badu's lyrics are more direct and find her unloading the psychological baggage she accumulated during her swift rise to stardom. As she makes plain on the empowering first single "Bag Lady" (which borrows its piercing blues guitar loop and thumping bass line from Dr. Dre's "Xxplosive"), Badu yearns to "let it go, let it go, let it go." In fact, the disc's 14 songs play like a musical diary of sorts -- the svelte beauty addresses her detractors on the tongue-in-cheek "& On" ("What good do your words do/If they can't understand you), evaluates her choices on the reflective "Didn't Cha Know" ("I'm trying to decide which way to go/Think I made a wrong turn back there somewhere"), and expresses her desire for love on the playful "Kiss Me on My Neck" ("Been such a long time/I forgot that I was fine"). Musically, Mama's Gun sounds like it was recorded during an incense-burning jam session -- veering from the tranquil acoustic guitar of "A.D. Moon" to the boastful, blaxploitation-esque horns of "Time's a Wastin." And while this free-flowing sound may be rooted in her collaboration with the Soulquarian production team of James Poyser, Jay Dee, and Ahmir Thompson, who coproduced D'Angelo's Voodoo and Common's Like Water for Chocolate, Badu also deserves props aplenty. No longer overshadowed by her unique image or the quirkiness of her lyrics, Erykah Badu is packin' heat. Mama's Gun is a powerhouse portrait of a blossoming young woman and artist.
Album Credits
catalogNumber:
Penitentiary Philosophy
Didn't Cha Know
…& On
Cleva
Hey Sugah
Kiss Me on My Neck
Orange Moon
In Love with You
Bag Lady
Time's A Wastin
Erykah Badu Primary Artist,Vocals,Background Vocals
Roy Hargrove Trumpet
Leonard "Doc" Gibbs Percussion
Larry Gold Cello
Peter Nocella Viola
Emma Kummrow Violin
Gregory Teperman Violin
?uestlove Drums
Shaun Martin Keyboards
Carlos Henderson Bass
Bray Lon Lacy Overdubs
YahZarah Background Vocals
Geno "Junebugg" Young Background Vocals
Charles Parker Violin
Technical Credits
Roy Hargrove Horn Arrangements
Robert Maxwell Cover Art
Larry Gold String Arrangements
James Poyser Producer
Erykah Badu Producer,Art Direction
Vernon Mungo Production Facilitator
Michael Whitfield Art Direction
Nathaniel Hale Composer
Erik Steinert Pro-Tools
Mark "Exit" Goodchild Engineering
Chris Bell Engineer
Earle Brown Engineer
Mama's Gun 4.6 out of 5 based on 0 ratings. 12 reviews.
Guest More than 1 year ago
this is one of those albums that you don't get right off of the bat. It took me a total of three complete listens in random order to actually ''get it''. The songs on here are so broad that it can hit you at any level. These songs attach themselves to your mood. I was very anxious to hear this cd and I am definitly impressed. Mz. Badu consistently displays the talent that the ''Creator'' blessed her with. I recommend this for the young, old, men, and women. You can learn something about yourself after one listen.
This CD is great. There aren't too many CD's that can be listened to from beginning to end and this is one of the few. The very last song ''Green Eyes'' is the best I think. I wish she would've included the words though.
I enjoyed Ms. Badu's ''Mama's Gun''. It's a very good follow up to her classic Baduizm, which is a musical gem! Although Mama's Gun doesn't truly reach that freshness it come close. I know Erykah must have had the material for a double album, because this album comes in over 70 minutes, plus half the songs on the album are not even featured on the original album song list, so it shows that she did some last minute cutting and adding of songs. Even most of the songs listed on the album cover are out of place, pretty much expressing that at press time she had not completed the sequencing of the music. I later realized that she wanted each song to blend into the other, which is done very well on this album. I must admit that I was a bit disapointed that one of the songs ''Props To The Loney People'' didn't appear on the album, although it was listed on the album cover and lyric sheet. It would have also been very nice to get the remixed version of ''Bag Lady'' which is not included on the album. I thought the album should have at least had the remixed song, because the version on the album is not the one heard on the radio or seen in the video. Otherwise, despite those flaws I believe the album is truly worth the experience! She educates and motivates and the production is done very well. This album was delayed a long time, and I think it should have been delayed a little bit longer to get the song list on the album correct, because you'll have to guess at what song you're listening to because it doesn't correlate to the album song list on the back cover. Plus, the remixed version of ''Bag Lady'' should have been included. This may force people to buy the single version just to hear the song that blew up the charts. Seventy-One minutes of Badu is pretty good despite what they album could have been. I just imagine what happened to all of those songs that were listed on the first version of the album? Erykah should have definitely come out with a double album to satisfy her fans. ''Mama's Gun'' is satisfying, although is lacks the bold spirituality of her first album. The only reference we have to why she called the album ''Mama's Gun'' is from a poem she wrote which is listed on the cd booklet called ''The Warriors Reminder'', I think having a song expressing what the poem conveys would have been better than just a poem one has to read instead of listen to. I've been waiting three years for this album, although a little bit disapointed at what it could have been, I'm very satisfied because hearing 14 new songs by Ms. Badu is truly a treat and motivates one to think! God is Love!
¿Mama¿s Gun¿ is a must-have for the millennium! the album hits stores on Tuesday november, 21, but i can honestly tell you from the reviews it has already received and the songs that i have heard, this cd is THE BOMB? don¿t believe me? find out for yourself. ¿du¿ the right thing and get the new album by erykah badu. ¿mama¿s gun¿ in stores november 21, 2001.
''mama's gun'' is one of the best R&b CDs that I have ever heard, it is a must-have for the neo-soul lover. Miss Badu changed alot of CD around at the last minute and you can tell because the song list isn't in the same order as the actual songs. ''Bag Lady'' is my favorite, I just hate how they played it so often on the radio, that people couldn't appreciate it for the great song that it is. Her voice is phenomenal, she really does represent the direction that R&B is going in, it has been awhile since we have really seen an artist who solely identifies her genre of music.
well I have been anticapating this album for a very long time, and I found this to be very disappointing it seems rushed and disorganized, her ego is out of this world when one trys to hard to be deep they end up failing miserably and that is exactly what happened she should have put a tad more effort into this album, the lyrics lack meaning and substance and really only convey the message that she is ''so deep'' I was not expecting this album to be this bad!!!!!!
WHAT A GREAT ALBUM, IT IS SO TIGHT!!YOU'LL LOVE ONE SONG AFTER THE OTHER. I ESPECIALLY LOVE KISS ME ON MY NECK AND WAIT UNTIL YOU HEAR GREEN EYES!!!WHAT A FEELING THIS SONG WILL GIVE YOU..YOU WILL LOVE IT!!! ALSO HOT JOINTS ARE DIDN'T YA KNOW, ON AND ON, AND ORANGE MOON IS GREAT TOO!!!!!!DONT MISS THIS IF YOU LIKED BADUIZM...
Crisco placed upon wax soul music with tight fisted harmonies,that is what Mama's Gun is and much more. Ms. Badu anew once again that magic that enchanted us in 1997.She welcomes us with open arms through the second chapter of her journey's soul. Pack light,Mama;s Gun is loaded.
Crisco placed upon wax soul music with tight-fisted harmonies Ms. Badu is giving on her new set.She welcomes us with open arms through another chapter of soul's journey.
Erykah Badu's most recent album is an eclectic mix of beats and music from the 70's, 80's, and 90's. The lyrics are fantastic and clear and make the listner think about the song, life, and their self. Erykah's voice is unique and while no Whitney Houston her vocals are at times even stronger because they express the raw emotion of her lyrics and are soft and sweet. Very relaxing. This matches up greatly to Baduizm and at some parts is even better because the lyrics seem so profound and personal. She is my favorite neo-soul artist.
19 by adele
music by amy winehouse
music by erykah badu
d12 world import bonus tracks
rockferry by duffy
counter records music
Back to Black [Deluxe Edition]
Back to Black,Amy Winehouse ...
Back to Black,Amy Winehouse
Baduizm
Two years after D'Angelo brought the organic sound and emotional passion of R&B to the ...
Two years after D'Angelo brought the organic sound and emotional passion of R&B to the hip-hop world with 1995's Brown Sugar, Erykah Badu's debut performed a similar feat. While D'Angelo looked back to the peak of smooth '70s soul, though, ...
D12 World [Import Bonus Tracks]
My Band, the debut single from D12's sophomore album, D12 World, is the group's greatest ...
My Band, the debut single from D12's sophomore album, D12 World, is the group's greatest moment and a great introduction to the way they work. Very little else on D12 World is as exciting as My Band, the catchy explanation ...
Devil's Night [Import Bonus CD]
On Devil's Night -- the first release on Eminem's Shady Records -- the Shady One ...
On Devil's Night -- the first release on Eminem's Shady Records -- the Shady One shares the spotlight with D-12, his Detroit crew of like-minded rhyme lunatics. The disc's 19 maniacal tracks feature some of hip-hop's most delightfully twisted verbal ...
Embrya
Maxwell's ambition was one of the appealing qualities of his debut, Urban Hang Suite, especially ...
Maxwell's ambition was one of the appealing qualities of his debut, Urban Hang Suite, especially since very few of his contemporaries were attempting to expand the boundaries of contemporary R&B. On his second album, Embrya, Maxwell reveals his desire to ...
Game Theory [UK Bonus Track]
Game Theory is the Roots' equivalent of a Funkadelic playlist containing Wars of Armageddon, Cosmic ...
Game Theory is the Roots' equivalent of a Funkadelic playlist containing Wars of Armageddon, Cosmic Slop, Maggot Brain, March to the Witch's Castle, and America Eats Its Young. It's a vivid reflector of the times, not an escape hatch (of ...
Gold [Motown]
This set is a straight reissue (with different cover artwork) of Anthology, which was originally ...
This set is a straight reissue (with different cover artwork) of Anthology, which was originally released by Motown Records on three LPs in 1974, then released again in the digital era as a two-CD package. Everything essential is here, really, ...
Human is the debut full-length release from British singer/songwriter and neo-soul/hip-hop artist Rag 'n' Bone ...
Human is the debut full-length release from British singer/songwriter and neo-soul/hip-hop artist Rag 'n' Bone Man. Composed of arresting and powerful vocal work anchored in gospel, pulsating hip-hop beats, and sweeping strings, the record features production work from Two-Inch Punch ...


text:
Methane in the net-zero crosshairs for 2023 – Bill Gates's Breakthrough Energy Ventures
At the 2015 UN climate conference that delivered the Paris Agreement, Bill Gates announced that a coalition of 28 high-net-worth…
Oliver Gordon
EVs, green ammonia and plant-based proteins could supercharge net zero – study
Three "super-leverage points" could catalyse decarbonisation in sectors covering 70% of global greenhouse gas emissions, according to a new report…
Cleantech manufacturing could triple to $650bn by 2030 – IEA
The global market for mass-manufactured clean energy technologies will be worth around $650bn a year by 2030 – more than…
Airborne wind energy is finally ready for lift-off
"Airborne wind [energy] has enormous potential to accelerate the clean energy revolution," proclaimed Jamaal Bowman (D-NY), then-chairman of the US…
Enhanced rock weathering added to Puro.earth's carbon removal marketplace
Enhanced rock weathering (ERW), a process that removes CO2 from the atmosphere for more than 10,000 years, is now available…
New ABB software cuts green hydrogen production cost by 20%
Swedish-Swiss tech giant ABB has launched an energy management system that reduces the cost of green hydrogen production by 20%…
EV manufacturers increasingly turning to solid-state batteries – Appleyard Lees
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Can BECCS be saved from the net-zero scrapheap?
Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, or BECCS, sounds like the perfect net-zero solution: grow some form of plant material,…
VELUX to decarbonise European operations with innovative solar PPA deal
VELUX Group has signed a dual-site deal with German renewable energy producer BayWa r.e. to power the Danish roof window…
Stora Enso and Voodin to develop wind turbine blades from wood
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Weekly data: Norway is now Germany's top gas supplier
Is the EU bracing for an electricity market design revolution, or evolution?


text:
Papillon ist der erste von zwei Romanen des französischen Schriftstellers Henri Charrière, der wegen Totschlages zu lebenslanger Zwangsarbeit in Französisch-Guayana verurteilt worden war. In dem 1969 veröffentlichten Buch, das autobiografische Elemente, historische Fakten und Fiktion miteinander verbindet, schildert er seine Gefangenschaft – unter anderem auf der Teufelsinsel – und seine zahlreichen Fluchtversuche.

Überblick
Der Erzähler Henri Charrière, wegen der Schmetterlingstätowierung am Halsansatz "Papillon" genannt, hat 1967/68 in Caracas, wo er mit Frau und Tochter lebte, in 13 Heften, zgl. die Romankapitel, seine Erinnerungen an die schwerste Zeit seines Lebens aufgeschrieben: seine Verurteilung, die schweren Haftbedingungen in den Gefängnissen in Französisch-Guayana, Kolumbien und Venezuela, der Alltag der Häftlinge, mit Einblendung derer Kriminalgeschichten, die meist vergeblichen und die wenigen gelungenen Ausbruchsversuche sowie die Fluchtwege durch die Karibik. Dabei klagt er das harte System der französischen Justiz mit lebenslänglicher Verbannung in die Arbeitslager auf südamerikanischen Inseln an: "Ich bin lieber Sträfling als Gefängnisaufseher." (Kp. 6)

Demgegenüber lobt der Erzähler die Gastfreundschaft und Hilfsbereitschaft der meist armen Bevölkerung, seien es europäische Kolonisten, Indianer, Schwarze, Asiaten oder Mischlinge verschiedener Ethnien, die den flüchtenden Schwerverbrechern vorurteilslos begegneten und ihnen eine neue Chance in ihrer Dorfgemeinschaft boten. Diese natürliche Humanität ist ihm am Ende seiner Odyssee wichtiger als das Leben in der industriellen Zivilisation Frankreichs, wo der Durst nach immer mehr Komfort "die Seele und das Mitgefühl, das Verständnis für andere [töte]" (Kp. 13). Die Handlung beginnt 1932 mit seiner Verurteilung in Paris und endet 1945 mit seiner Freilassung in Venezuela.

Inhalt
Kp. 1 Der Weg zur Hölle

Henri wird in Paris im Oktober 1932 trotz Beteuerung seiner Unschuld wegen Mordes zu lebenslanger Haft bzw. Verbannung nach Französisch-Guayana verurteilt. Während seiner gesamten Gefängniszeit ist der Gedanke der Rache am Staatsanwalt Pradel die Triebfeder seiner Fluchtversuche. Noch im Gefängnis freundet er sich mit dem Fälscher Louis Dega an, dem es gelungen ist, eine große Summe Geldes in einem "Stöpsel", einem Metallzylinder, in seinem After zu verstecken, sowie mit Julot Marteau, der nach einem misslungenen Ausbruch zum zweiten Mal auf dem Weg nach Guayana ist und ihn über das gefährliche Leben in der Strafkolonie informiert. Henri rüstet sich ebenfalls mit einer solchen Geldkapsel aus und finanziert damit seine Flucht. Der Transport der Sträflinge verläuft über Caen, La Rochelle nach Saint-Martin-de-Ré, wo die Ozeanfahrt beginnt.

Kp. 2 Unterwegs ins Bagno

Nach der Ankunft in Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Französisch-Guayana, erfahren alle drei, dass sie auf die Îles du Salut  vor der Küste, die wegen der Haie und der Strömung als ausbruchsicher gelten, geschickt werden sollen. Deshalb wollen sie schon vorher aus dem Gefängnis fliehen. Sie täuschen Krankheiten vor und kommen mit Hilfe von Bestechungsgeldern ins weniger bewachte Spital. Julot gelingt die Flucht als Erstem. Papillon plant die Flucht gemeinsam mit den Mithäftlingen Joanes Clousiot und dem 19-jährigen André Maturette. Dega hält nichts von ihrem Plan und will sein Glück von der Insel aus versuchen, was ihm jedoch nicht gelingt. Henri trifft ihn dort bei seiner Rückkehr.

Kp. 3 und 4 Erster Fluchtversuch und Erste Flucht

Clousiot, Maturette und Charrière locken mit einem Trick den Aufseher in den Saal und nehmen ihm die Schlüssel ab. Die Flucht per Boot führt sie zuerst zur im Fluss Maroni gelegenen Taubeninsel der Leprakranken. Von dort beginnt ihre Reise mit einem seetüchtigen Boot nach der damaligen britischen Kolonie Trinidad in der Karibik.
Nach einem kurzen Aufenthalt auf Trinidad geht die Reise weiter nach dem niederländischen Curaçao. Auf allen Reisestationen werden sie von den Bewohnern freundlich behandelt und nicht an die französischen Behörden ausgeliefert. Sie erhalten aber kein Aufenthaltsrecht, man schiebt sie vielmehr durch Unterstützung bei ihrer Weiterreise ab. An der Küste von Kolumbien werden alle von einer Polizeipatrouille festgenommen und in Riohacha in ein Gefängnis gesteckt. Papillon gelingt zusammen mit dem einheimischen Schmuggler Antonio die Flucht in ein politisch unabhängiges Indianergebiet zwischen Kolumbien und Venezuela. Dort wird er in die Gemeinschaft des Stammes der Goajira, der von der Perlenfischerei lebt, aufgenommen und mit zwei Mädchen, Lali und ihrer Schwester Zoraima, verheiratet. Doch er will dort nicht sein weiteres Leben verbringen. Deshalb verabschiedet er sich nach einem halben Jahr mit einer öffentlichen Zeremonie aus dem Dorf.

Kp. 5 Zurück in die Zivilisation

Henri reitet über die Grenze nach Kolumbien zurück, fährt als Anhalter Richtung Westen, bekommt in einem Kloster Unterschlupf, wird aber verraten, von Polizisten verhaftet und in das Gefängnis nach Santa Marta gebracht. Dort trifft er seine Gefährten der Karibik-Seereise wieder. Durch Bestechungen und mit Hilfe des belgischen Gesandten kann er den bei Flut überschwemmten Kerkerkeller verlassen und einen Ausbruch aus dem Gefängnis sowie die Flucht über das Meer vorbereiten. Dieser Versuch scheitert am unvorhergesehenen Wetter und er wird zusammen mit Clousiot und Maturette zur Vorbereitung der Auslieferung nach Französisch-Guayana in die Festung nach Barranquilla transportiert. Hier setzt er seine phantasievollen Befreiungsaktionen fort, doch alle enden erfolglos: durch die Kapelle während einer Sonntagsmesse, mit Seilen über die Mauer, durch ein in die Mauer gesprengtes Loch. Beim Sprung in die Tiefe bricht er sich beide Füße. So wird er im November 1934 verletzt nach Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni verfrachtet und wegen seines Ausbruchs zu zwei Jahren Zuchthaus zusätzlich verurteilt.

Kp. 6 und 7 Inseln des Heils

Er wird zuerst auf die Île Saint-Joseph, die mittlere der Îles du Salut, genannt die "Menschenfresserin", gebracht, wo er zwei Jahre schwere Isolationshaft ohne Sprechkontakt mit anderen Menschen verbüßen muss. Durch regelmäßiges Herumlaufen in der engen Zelle und durch die Erinnerung an vergangene Abenteuer und die Vertiefung in eine Phantasiewelt hält er sich körperlich und geistig fit. Im Juni 1936 hat er seine Strafe verbüßt und kommt auf die Île Royale, die größte der drei Inseln. Dort übernimmt er formal die Aufgabe des Latrinenentleerers, lässt aber andere gegen Bezahlung die Arbeit verrichten. In seiner Freizeit angelt er Fische, die er gegen andere Lebensmittel tauscht. Er hat nämlich sehr schnell das neue Lagersystem durchschaut. Während er bisher von der Solidarität der Gefangenen untereinander gegen die Aufseher profitierte, sieht er, dass im Arbeitslager jeder versucht, in der Gruppenhierarchie aufzusteigen, Seilschaften zu bilden und Geschäfte zu machen, um einen Vorteil zu erreichen, z. B. beim Pokerspiel oder mit Kunsthandwerk, Geldverleih, Prostitution, Dienstleistungen, Handel. Dabei sind die Aufseher die Bindeglieder mit der Außenwelt und lassen die Sträflinge bei ihrer Selbstversorgung und -justiz gewähren, solange im Lager Ruhe herrscht und sie ihren Profit haben. Henri hält sich aus den gefährlichen Kämpfen und Denunziationen heraus, unterstützt Freunde, geht höflich mit den Aufsehern um und spielt oft bei Streitigkeiten den Vermittler.

Erst nach fünf Monaten bereitet er in sorgfältiger Planung eine Flucht mit einem Floß vor, das er stückweise in der Werkstatt herstellen lässt und in Küstennähe versteckt. Kurz vor der Fertigstellung wird der Plan von dem Mithäftling Bébert Celier verraten. Charrière rächt sich, indem er ihn zu einem Angriff provoziert und ihn, als Verteidigung getarnt, ersticht. Deshalb wird er nicht zum Tode verurteilt, sondern erhält für beide Delikte eine Strafe von acht Jahren Einzelhaft auf der Insel St. Joseph. Nachdem dort viele Insassen Selbstmord begehen oder an Skorbut erkranken, werden die Haftbedingungen erleichtert. Die Gefangenen dürfen jetzt täglich im Meer baden. Bei einem dieser Ausgänge versucht Papillon Lisette, die kleine Tochter des Inselkommandanten Granduits, vor dem Ertrinken zu retten und wird dafür nach neunzehn Monaten aus der Einzelhaft entlassen.

Kp. 8 Rückkehr nach Royale

Er kehrt auf die Insel Royale zurück und transportiert täglich mit einem Büffelkarren Wasser vom Meer zum Lager. Mit Beginn des Zweiten Weltkrieges werden die Sicherheitsvorkehrungen verschärft, um Ausbrüche zu verhindern. Da Henri als besonders fluchtbereit gilt, kommt er auf die Insel St. Joseph, die wegen der Haifische an den Küsten als besser gesichert gilt als die anderen Inseln. Dort erlebt er die Erschießung dreier aufständischer Gefangener, die mit der Erstürmung eines Waffenlagers eine Rebellion einleiten wollten. Darauf gehen die Wächter hart gegen alle Lagerinsassen vor und sperren sie in ihre Häuser ein. Henri kann als Vermittler die Kommandanten der Inseln überzeugen, der Untersuchungskommission gegenüber die Aktion als Amoklauf mit Selbstmordabsicht zu erklären, was sowohl für das unbeherrscht agierende Wachpersonal als auch die nicht direkt beteiligten Häftlinge vorteilhaft ist.

Kp. 9 Saint-Joseph

Nach der Ermordung seines Freundes Matthieu Carbonieri und der Rache an den Tätern plant Henri zusammen mit dem Italiener Romeo Salvidia die Flucht aus der gering bewachten Station der Geisteskranken. Sein Freund bewirbt sich dort um die Beschäftigung als Pfleger, Charrière simuliert Wahnvorstellungen und wird in das Asyl eingewiesen. Gemeinsam versuchen sie eines Nachts mit einem aus zwei großen Fässern gebauten Floß zu fliehen. Doch das Meer ist stürmisch und wirft sie gegen einen Felsen. Salvidia ertrinkt, Charrière kann unbemerkt zurück in das Spital schlüpfen. Er täuscht nun seine Heilung vor, kommt zurück ins Lager und freundet sich mit dem ihn betreuenden Arzt Germain Guibert und dessen Frau an. Dieser versteht seine Fluchtgedanken und veranlasst seine Übersiedelung auf die Île du Diable, die Teufelsinsel.

Kp. 10 und 11 Auf der Teufelsinsel und Bagno, ade!

1941 flieht Henri zum neunten Mal. Da die Teufelsinsel von stürmischem Meer umgeben ist, gilt sie als ausbruchsicher und die Häftlinge haben mehr Bewegungsraum als in den anderen Lagern. Diese Situation nutzt Charrière aus und sticht zusammen mit seinem Kameraden Sylvain auf zwei Flößen, die aus großen mit schwimmfähigen Kokosnüssen gefüllten Jutesäcken bestehen, in See. Ebbe und Flut ausnutzend erreichen sie nach zwei Tagen die guayanische Küste. Sylvain versucht im morastigen Flachwasser an Land zu waten und versinkt im Sumpf. Henri schlägt sich allein durch den Urwald. Nach dem Plan des Chinesen Tschang, der ihm bei der Vorbereitung geholfen hat, durchstreift er den Urwald bei Kourou bis zum Indochinesenlager Inini, nimmt Kontakt auf zu dessen Bruder Quiek-Quiek, der sich auf einer schwer zugänglichen, von Schlamm umgebenen Insel versteckt hat, und flieht zusammen mit ihm und dessen Kompagnon Van Hue mit einem Boot über den Fluss Kourou in den Atlantik.

Kp. 12 Georgetown

Vor der Küste Britisch-Guayanas werden Henri und die beiden Chinesen von einem englischen Torpedoboot entdeckt und nach Georgetown geleitet. Dort erhalten sie eine Aufenthaltserlaubnis, dürfen jedoch nicht ausreisen. Sie finden aus ihrer Einwandererszene Unterstützung und verdienen sich ihren Unterhalt zuerst als Gemüsehändler. Dann will der Erzähler mehr Geld verdienen, handelt mit seltenen Schmetterlingen, übernimmt eine Hafenkneipe und bald darauf das Stripteaselokal "Bambus-Cabane" im abgelegenen Bergbaugebiet Mackenzie. Seine 19-jährige Geliebte Indara, die Tochter eines betrügerischen javanischen Geisterbeschwörers, unterstützt ihn in seinen Etablissements als attraktive Serviererin. Sie fällt ihm jedoch wegen ihrer Ansprüche an ihn immer mehr auf die Nerven. Nach Schlägereien mit sich geneppt fühlenden Gästen muss Charrière dieses einträgliche und zwielichtige Gewerbe aufgeben und bereitet mit vier anderen Franzosen seine verbotene Weiterreise vor. Sie kaufen einen Kahn, bemalen ihn, dass er zur Kopie eines registrierten Fischerbootes wird, gelangen so unbehelligt aufs offene Meer, geraten dann in einen Taifun, der ihren Segelmast bricht und ihre Verpflegung wegfegt, und werden nach ca. einer Woche an die Küste Venezuelas getrieben.

Kp. 13 Venezuela
Im Fischerdorf Irapa am Golf von Paria werden sie freundlich aufgenommen und gesund gepflegt, doch verhaftet sie der Polizeipräfekt von Guiria und lässt sie ins Bagno El Dorado im Inland transportieren und dort zur Beobachtung internieren. Hier erlebt Henri die härteste Zwangsarbeiterkolonie, wenn auch er und seine Freunde, im Gegensatz zu den einheimischen Sträflingen, von den Prügelstrafen verschont bleiben und einen Garten zur Gemüseversorgung anlegen dürfen. Mit den im Sand des benachbarten Flusses Río Caroní gefundenen Diamanten baut sich Henri nach seiner Freilassung im Oktober 1945 und der Erlaubnis, Bürger Venezuelas zu werden, eine neue Existenz auf. Er sieht ein, dass er in Frankreich durch eigenes Verschulden auf die schiefe Bahn geraten ist, beklagt aber, dass er dafür zu hart bestraft wurde. Nun gelobt er: "[I]n dem Land, das mir Vertrauen schenkt, würde ich mich schämen, etwas Strafbares zu tun."

Recherchen über die Biografie des Autors
Der Wahrheitsgehalt der vom Verlag als Autobiografie bezeichneten Geschichte ist Gegenstand vieler Kontroversen. Bereits kurz nach Erscheinen des Romans begannen die Recherchen über das abenteuerliche Leben des Autors. Sie ergaben, dass der Roman eine Mischung aus Geschichte und Fiktion ist. 2005 wurde Charrière von Charles Brunier, einem Exhäftling in Französisch-Guayana, beschuldigt, dass Teile der Erzählung nicht von ihm selbst erlebt, sondern ihm von anderen Häftlingen einschließlich Brunier mitgeteilt worden seien. Dessen Biografie stimmt in einigen Punkten mit der der Romanfigur Papillon überein, und Brunier hat sogar eine Schmetterlingstätowierung am linken Arm.

Auch die Rolle Charrières bei dem Mord in Paris, der ihn in das Straflager gebracht hat, ist unklar. Zwar bestritt er zeitlebens, damit zu tun gehabt zu haben. Georges Ménager untersuchte den Fall, befragte Polizisten und Rechtsanwälte und veröffentlichte 1970 sein Buch Les quatre vérités de Papillon. Danach hätten mehrere Zeugen (nicht wie im Roman: ein einziger) Charrière belastet und wenig Zweifel an seiner Täterschaft gelassen.

Buchausgaben (Auswahl)
 Papillon. Robert Laffont, Paris 1969.
 Papillon. Ins Deutsche übertragen von Erika Ziha und Ruth von Mayenburg. Fritz Molden, Wien 1970, ISBN 3-217-00122-2. (3 Wochen lang im Jahr 1970 auf dem Platz 1 der Spiegel-Bestsellerliste)
 Papillon. Roman. Fischer Taschenbuch, Frankfurt am Main 1978, ISBN 978-3-596-21245-3.

Fortsetzung
Nach dem großen Erfolg von Papillon veröffentlichte Charrière kurz darauf den Roman Banco, der von den Geschehnissen nach der Freilassung und vor der Verurteilung berichtet.

Adaptionen

Verfilmungen
Das Buch wurde 1973 von Franklin J. Schaffner mit Steve McQueen und Dustin Hoffman in den Hauptrollen verfilmt.

Der Film weicht in folgenden Punkten ab:
 wurde der Protagonist im Film nach einem Fluchtversuch und nicht nach der ersten großen Flucht (die fast ein Jahr dauerte) für zwei Jahre inhaftiert
 wurde er nur wegen eines Fluchtversuchs zu den weiteren fünf Jahren Einzelhaft verurteilt und nicht wegen Mordes
 Er musste die fünf Jahre zur Gänze absitzen (siehe oben)
 im Buch wurde Henri im Gegensatz zum Film von seinem Freund Louis Dega (im Film: Dustin Hoffman) nicht ein einziges Mal auf einem Fluchtversuch begleitet, auch wenn die Flucht gemeinsam geplant wurde (Dega hielt Charrières Plan für zu riskant)
 im Buch hat Louis Dega seine Strafe komplett auf der Île Royale abgesessen und war nie auf der Teufelsinsel
 im Buch wurde der Flüchtling Julot (genannt L'homme au marteau) nicht auf der Flucht getötet, sondern Charrière sah ihn Jahre später durch einen Zufall wieder
 im Buch war Charrière nie im Camp Kilo 40 oder in einem anderen Arbeitslager auf dem Festland
 der Film endet mit der Flucht von der Teufelsinsel, womit ungefähr ein Fünftel des Romans weggelassen wurde

2017 entstand eine Neuverfilmung unter der Regie von Michael Noer; die Hauptrollen übernahmen Charlie Hunnam und Rami Malek.

Hörbuch
Am 14. Februar 2011 erschien ein von Oliver Rohrbeck eingelesenes Hörbuch.

Sonstiges
Der Titel des Romans Alle sieben Wellen von Daniel Glattauer referenziert die Flucht Papillons auf einem Floß aus Kokosnüssen mit der besonderen siebenten Welle.

Einzelnachweise

Literarisches Werk
Literatur (20. Jahrhundert)
Literatur (Französisch)
Kolonialliteratur
Autobiografie
Bestseller (Deutschland)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I own a little egg-shaped cup that I recently discovered as the perfect vessel for a single serving of ice cream. Which brings me to another discovery. Haagen-Dazs 5 anyone? It's ice cream made from just 5 ingredients. I'm not sure where I've been, but I managed to climb out from under my proverbial rock while grocery shopping on Sunday. I threw a pint of strawberry into my cart and can now assert that my life has changed for the better. Like, majorly. Which is a good thing, since ice cream is about the only thing I can bear to consume in this heat monster that is summer 2010.
I ate my dessert while admiring this pretty home last night. I can't decide which is more refreshing: the ice cream or the house. Both make me happy because they each present as effortlessly minimalistic while bursting with flavor and personality.


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text:
Q: Can arbitrary precision calculations be useful for machine learning? Regarding machine learning methods but dealing with arbitrary floating-point precision. It sounds cool to me but I am unsure if this would be of any use...
Did anyone ever encountered cases where, for example, a logistic regression task needs to be carried out with an extremely high precision? Can it make sense? I am looking for opinions from ML experts.
Edit: If not arbitrary high, maybe quadruple precision could be useful?

A: Yes, precision can be problematic on multiple fronts. First, regression itself generally approaches a flat region, like the bottom of a parabola, where the minimum loss function of the regression is located. This typically halves the number of significant figures in the loss function and may reduce the precision of any parameters of a model even more than that. Second, in order to calculate some transcendental functions one may need much higher precision for the calculation process itself than are available for the functional value when that process is completed. See https://blogs.ubc.ca/infiniteseriesmodule/units/unit-3-power-series/taylor-series/maclaurin-expansion-of-sinx/ For example, look at how the intermediate terms of the series expansion of sin(x) achieve large magnitudes before convergence for the sin(12 radians)

This shows that although sin(x) is bounded above and below by $\pm1$, the individual terms are sometimes $\pm20000$, so if we are not careful, the absolute error from those terms could be greater than 1. Now it is true that one can, rather than take the sine of 12, transform that request so that the calculation is performed in the region of principal sine, for which the precision problem is mitigated (but not eliminated), however, the point here is that to guarantee any particular precision for a function, more precision may be necessary during the calculation than is returned when that functional answer is produced.
Edit: The additional OP edit question is whether quadruple precision is enough. The correct answer is sometimes. To see what precision is needed some type of error propagation analysis is needed. Also see propagation of uncertainty and the delta method. That will tell you what the function for fitting needs for precision, if you know what that is. Then one has to account for the precision loss for the loss functions used during regression, and most software allows you to specify what that is. One should then augment the data calculation precision to include both the functional precision loss and the regression precision loss.
In the sine example above, one can find the maximum absolute term magnitude in low precision, let's call that  $\Delta$, and then set the precision at $D+\log_{10}(\Delta)$, where $D$ is the precision desired, and only then calculate each term value at the higher precision for later summation. Some software routines augment precision automatically during summation, others do not, and if not, then the error propagation from summation would be added to the precision request for $\sin(x)$.
One final suggestion. Calculating what precision is needed for which problem can be daunting and in some cases for which the algorithms are not well characterized, e.g., some machine learning routines, are not reasonably achievable. In that case, one could proceed heuristically by increasing precision until it no longer makes a difference to the precision desired in the answer. But, don't be surprised if that turns out to be a larger number of significant figures than one would guess without doing such a test.

A: No, it is almost never a problem. First of all, there's a measurement error—even physicists account for it, while the rest of us rarely can be lucky enough for as precise measurements as theirs. Second, you are dealing with sampled data, so there is error due to sampling. Finally, we have all kinds of biases and noise in the data. In the end, we are usually far from having precise data, so we don't need algorithms more precise than the data itself.
More than this, there is research showing that you can train neural networks with low (8-bit, 2-bit) precision without performance drop. Some argue that this might even have a regularizing effect. It can probably be extended to some degree to other models.

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It's nice to be able to comfortably sightread most non-classical piano pieces I come across. A more accurate term might be "fake sightreading" - I don't actually play all the notes (sometimes I play more than all the notes), I look at the sheet music, make an invisible fake-book in my head, and play from that, scaling the difficulty up or down as I need to. So I can leave off notes on chords that stretch my hands too much, or add a few turns of ornamentation during a boring section, in realtime, on music I've never seen or heard before. It... is... awesome. And I am totally on a plateau, but I'll enjoy this coasting while it lasts - just settling back and enjoying the chord changes on "The Nearness Of You" and "Round Midnight" and various Elton John / Stevie Wonder / Billy Joel transcriptions (what? I like their music). I'll often take a section mid-song and plunge it into the lower registers where I can hear everything, and then it just sounds (and feels) terrific. Mmm.
Today wasn't particularly productive - I was tired and sort of scattered-distracted, and music was the only thing that could hold my attention for any length of time. So I worked in short spurts broken into small tasks, and got into a longer sprint just now - started around 10pm, and it's now half-past midnight, and that's the first time I sat still not-at-the-piano-bench for more than 20 minutes at a time all day. (Tiredness helps; I just had to get worn-out enough to sit.) ADHD brain management is aggravating sometimes, but it's also an entertaining and grand adventure - and something you just deal with.
Time to clean the kitchen, look for my floor (I'm rediscovering it slowly as the piles of stuff begin to clear) and then sleep for a couple hours.


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text:
X-amining X-Factor Annual #7
"The Historians of Tales Come (Shattershot Part 3)" / "Drowning in Paperwork" / "Cal & Guido"
X-Factor tries to stop Spiral from killing Arize
Writer: Fabian Nicieza, Peter David (2nd & 3rd Story)
Penciler: Joe Quesada, Darick Robertson (2nd Story), Joe Madureira (3rd Story)
Inker: Joe Rubinstein, Andrew Pepoy (2nd & 3rd Story)
Letterer: Richard Starkings, Dave Sharpe (2nd & 3rd Story)
Colorist: Kevin Tinsely, Gina Going (2nd Story), Kelly Corverse (3rd Story)
Editor: Bob Harras
Editor-in-Chief: Tom DeFalco
Enraged that the pirate network led by Mojo II is beating him in the ratings, Mojo resolves to convince Spiral to kill Arize for him. On Earth, Val Cooper briefs X-Factor on their latest mission: to bring in Spiral, who has been causing trouble, a mission that means more than most to Val since Spiral was once a member of Freedom Force. They track her to South Dakota, where Spiral has in turn located Arize, and interrupt her efforts to kill him. During the course of their fight, Spiral explains that she was once Ricochet Rita, and she wants to kill Arize because he's destined to transform Rita into Spiral. Arize admits as much, as well as the fact that the sorry state of Mojoworld is his fault. He asks Spiral to bring them both back to Mojoworld, so they can begin to make amends, and Spiral agrees.
2nd Story: Drowning in paperwork, Val is tricked by Madrox and Rahne into working late and giving them tickets to a concert she had wanted to attend. Working late alone, she hallucinates being attacked by the massive stacks of paper, until Madrox & Rahne return and guilty admit they tricked her, at which point she redirects her ire towards them.
3rd Story: Cal is bullied at school and, fed up, decides to hire Strong Guy to beat up Cal's bully. Strong Guy is reluctant at first, but feels bad for Cal, and proceeds to scare the bully into leaving Cal alone. However, a few weeks later, Strong Guy checks in on Cal and discovers he's using his relationship with Strong Guy to be a bully himself, and Strong Guy is forced to give him the same treatment as the bully.
Firsts and Other Notables
Hinted at previously, this issue confirms that Spiral is the future form of Ricochet Rita, the stuntwoman whom Longshot befriended in his limited series and which accompanied him back to Mojoworld (the idea being that down the road, Mojo had a captive Rita transformed into Spiral, then sent her back in time to battle Longshot and her younger self).
The story ends in an echo of the conclusion to that miniseries, with Arize and Spiral resolving to return to Mojoworld and makes things right, thus (sort of) setting up the conclusion to the story in X-Force Annual #1. Shatterstar's role in that process is also teased, another setup for the next chapter. It's also hinted pretty strongly that Shatterstar is the child of Longshot & Dazzler, something Nicieza has said wasn't his intent, but, I mean, it's pretty blatant in this issue (even before we get to the Shatterstar "gag" at the end of X-Men #11).
Arize mentions in this issue that the madness of the Spinal Ones on Mojoworld is caused by their absorbtion of television wavelengths coming from Earth, which get twisted in transit. He just sort of casually tosses it off, making me think this is a long-established element of Mojoverse lore I'm forgetting, but this might be the first time that idea is suggested.
The third story in the annual is a riff on Calvin with Hobbes, with Guido stepping in to help a bullied Cal, before it takes a somewhat dark turn and Guido discovers Cal is using his newfound relationship with Guido to set himself up as a bully in his own right.
Future Marvel Knight and Editor-in-Chief Joe Quesada draws the main story in this issue. He will take over from Larry Stroman as the new regular penciler of the series following "X-Cutioner's Song", though his run is short, lasting only six issues. Future Uncanny X-Men artist Joe Madureira draws the third back-up story, some of his earliest work for the X-office, and though regular writer Peter David handles the two back-ups, Fabian Nicieza once again writes the "Shattershot" installment.
Havok reminds us of the limitations on Quicksilver's power, though it seemed like that was meant to be the result of the deceased Ricochet's power.
The stuck mayo jar from issue #71 makes a return appearance in the main story.
Polaris is able to magnetically levitate celery due to the iron in trace minerals, which becomes a favorite explanation around this time for how characters like her and Magneto are available to affect otherwise non-magnetic organic matter.
X-Factor uses their special flying car which debuted in issue #74 again.
Guido chides Havok for not using his codename during battle.
Havok is uncomfortable leaving Longshot's fate up in the air due to their time together in the X-Men, another nice continuity nod.
Rahne seems uncharacteristically mean-spirited in the second backup story, laughing as Jamie tricks Val into working unnecessarily and losing out on a concert she wanted to attend, though I suppose it could be chalked up to changes in her temperament brought on by the Mutate transformation.
Damage Control, the default organization in the Marvel Universe for cleaning up superhero messes, is referenced in the second story as well.
Artistic Achievements
Quesada turns in a pretty great team shot. I mean, it's beyond ridiculous, in that Guido is enormous relative to everyone else, and I'm not sure why Havok and Polaris are crouched down so low, but I still love it.
The Grim 'n' Gritty 90s
Guido mentions the then-recent economic downturn. Thankfully, the dot com boom will take care of that, and ensure we never have financial problems again.
Val wields a pretty 90s-riffic gun in that team shot.
The president Val thinks she's talking to in the second story is Bush the Elder.
Val finishes off the paper monster in a scene that echoes Linda Hamilton's defeat of the Terminator in the first film.
Austin's Analysis
Taken on its own merits, this is probably the strongest of the four "Shattershot" parts. While the confirmation of the relationship between Ricochet Rita and Spiral is more "making explicit something long hinted at", rather than a true revelation, it's still good to have it confirmed, and lends a little narrative weight to this chapter (and really, the storyline as whole, which is sorely lacking in any kind of narrative weight). Plus, dropping that confirmation into the X-Factor annual makes sense, since Spiral was a member of the new X-Factor's predecessor in the government-sponsored mutant team game. Nicieza using this as the opening to get X-Factor involved in the plot is a shrewd use of continuity, especially since, otherwise, Arize's role in this and connection to X-Factor is pretty negligible.
And there's also the Quesada art. His role as Marvel's second-longest-tenured Editor-in-Chief, and the various decisions made by him or under his reign during that time has somewhat obscured his reputation as an artist these days. I have no idea what the critical consensus of his work is now, but I've always liked it. It seems to combine the energy of the Image guys with an animation-inspired, Mignola-esque quality. It by no means approaches anything like realism (and his storytelling, which gets better, is a little rough here), but it's exaggerated in all the right ways, for maximum effect (and in that regard, looks good on the new X-Factor, which gets a similar look in the regular series from Larry Stroman). Thus, the art here and the use of Spiral combine to raise this issue above the rest of the chapters in this storyline, even though it ultimately has the least to do with "Shattershot" overall.
Tomorrow "Shattershot" concludes in X-Force Annual #1. Next week: X-Men #8 and Excalibur #50.
Labels: "Shattershot", All New X-Factor, Comic Book reviews, comics, Fabian Nicieza, Joe Madureira, Joe Quesada, Peter David, X-aminations, X-Factor
The non-resolution after this chapter is just frustrating. Arize and Spiral go to Mojoworld to set things right but they don't appear in X-Men 10-11. And the dialogue suggests that the "real" Rita hasn't been turned into Spiral yet at this point but we never see what happens to the "real" Rita- I guess she was turned into Spiral?
Nathan Adler September 16, 2016 at 4:57 AM
When I interviewed Annie in 2012, she advised that Rita becoming Spiral was not her intention. So as to who Spiral was, it's still up in the air as to who she originally intended.
In addition,in her original Longshot limited series, Arize explains how the Spineless Ones refused spines as a matter of integrity, and somehow became rulers. His reference to "somehow" suggests that he wasn't responsible for building their "bath chairs"!? So if Arize didn't help them become independently mobile, she intended some other explanation. So, just like FabNic stuffing up his explanation for Psylocke's transformation, he appears to have done it here too!
Jamie's Bush impersonation is an allusion to Dana Carvey's popular (at the time) version, as I recall. "Prudent at this juncture," and all.
wwk5d September 17, 2016 at 10:39 AM
"the idea being that down the road, Mojo had a captive Rita transformed into Spiral, then sent her back in time to battle Longshot and her younger self"
So unnecessarily complicated. And people laugh at Cable's origin...
God only know what Nocenti has planned for Spiral and Rita. I wonder who came up with this idea? Niceieza? Hama? Someone much higher in the X-office? The scene from #248 can be seen as a hint at it, but at the same, it isn't a proper hint, since it seems to be a hint after the fact, more than anything.
Again, it's s decent story, but nothing special. The set-up for the resolution is nice, but would have worked better as a lead to the #10 - 11 of Volume 2, than the story we end up getting in the next chapter...
Nathan Adler September 17, 2016 at 6:28 PM
@wwk5d: If you're keen to know what Nocenti had planned, you might like the following (and Ann visited the comments thread): https://fanfix.wordpress.com/2015/10/12/the-origin-of-longshots-family
Teemu September 18, 2016 at 3:09 PM
Val's assistant Baldrick, who has a cunning plan, is again a reference the British comedy show Blackadder, and Val's snide reply to his announcement should be read in Rowan Atkinson's voice.
I love how the supporting cast in the Calvin story is true to the original up to and including Moe's blurb font. One of my worst experienced shattering of an illusion in my childhood is the realization that Hobbes is merely a stuffed toy tiger.
Is he? Keep in mind that it doesn't seem like, for example, Calvin could have tied himself up so tight his parents had trouble untying him.
takoma620 September 20, 2016 at 6:24 AM
My friend, you need to seek out and find the final Calvin and Hobbes strip and see it for yourself to learn the true answer...........
According to the snopes message board, the "final strip" was a fake:
http://msgboard.snopes.com/cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=30;t=002612;p=0
Blam September 21, 2016 at 4:56 PM
Calvin's flights of fancy like "Spaceman Spiff" and whatnot were clearly just his imagination but I don't read Hobbes as being merely a stuffed toy.
Teemu September 24, 2016 at 6:44 AM
Well I was obviously barely out of ten or something, when I started to notice that in what I thought was a fun quirky comic about a boy with antics and a pet tiger, the said tiger seemed to transform into stuffed animal every time anyone else but Calvin was around, and I tell you there was much more shock-horror from me than than what Calvin shows on those fake final strips upon my realization what that must mean for the "reality" of the Calvin and Hobbes world. Never mind what the ultimate truth is, or if we are supposed to read on the "Calvin's reality" level where there are his self-acknowledged daydreams and a very real Hobbes. "He'll be fine, he has Hobbes" was my anchoring thought for the comic, and then it got shattered.
I guess David's out is that since it's a tribute concert Aretha doesn't actually have to have recorded for Motown to be appearing there, but Val mentioning her being on the bill stopped me short.
The opening third (roughly) of the main story reads like Nicieza doing a poor imitation of Giffen/DeMatteis Justice League — or, in those series' lesser moments, simply an imitation — and, in particular, of my least favorite periods of those series, the stuff between Manga Khan and his robots, which the sequences here between Mojo and Major Domo are very like.
"… which I, of all the Spineless Ones, am immune to…"
Arize is a Spineless One?!? He literally walked off into the sunset in the previous chapter. Now that I take a look I can see that his legs could be interpreted as cybernetic but I don't remember that being communicated at any point and they really only come across that way visually in the X-Force annual.
Given that Arize "moved in a month ago" I guess it took that long for ratings to come in and set Mojo off.
Spiral's backstory actually makes a fair amount of sense to me as laid out here, convoluted as it may be, although I still don't understand what she was doing as a member of Freedom Force.
Even though the Uncanny annual explicitly traded one team of X-Men for another, I didn't realize until late this chapter that while this is a continued story it's not really a crossover in terms of the teams interacting. The X-World is so sprawling that I suppose it doesn't stretch credulity too much when X-Factor crosses paths with Arize simply because Spiral's going after him and they're going after Spiral.
I didn't pick up on any suggestion that Shatterstar is the child of Longshot and Dazzler, so I guess it's comforting to hear Nicieza didn't intend that.
The Cal story had a really lame ending. Not the last couple of pages, as predictable as they were, but the last panel.
X-amining X-Factor #79
X-amining X-Force #11
X-amining Uncanny X-Men #289
X-aminations in October 2016
Force in Focus: Star Wars #49
X-amining Wolverine #54
X-amining Excalibur #50
X-amining X-Men (vol. 2) #8
The Milch Studies - Hill Street Blues, Season Six ...
X-amining X-Force Annual #1
X-amining Uncanny X-Men Annual #16
X-amining X-Men (vol. 2) Annual #1


Artificial Intelligence Changes the Marketing and Communication World!
Internet research is becoming more and more predictive. We are now talking about providing customized recommendations throughout the user's journey.
The combination of machine learning and PUI (passive user interfaces) will enable the gathering and analysis of valuable data to create ever more unique user experiences.
Conversations with customers, help with payments or deliveries, they are growing continuously, and their learning capacity is increasing exponentially.
It's mostly about recognizing emotions. As true mood detectors, the new tools related to AI make it possible to adapt a service offer in real time to the mindset of a consumer.
Artificial intelligence, mainly via Machine Learning, allows real-time prices adjustments in the most optimal way possible, considering a maximum of variables, including live demand.
An Artificial and Intelligent "Sniper" That Targets Better Than Anyone.
You dreamed about it? Well, Google did it. Say hello to "Auto Ads," a new format that uses machine learning to "read" a page to find and place the appropriate ad types in the most optimal places.
Launched secretly in September 2017, the service is now available to all. The first results showed a 10% turnover increase on average, with revenu increases ranging from 5 to 15%. Even if Google AdSense already features some degree of automation by selecting the most relevant ads to display based on page crawling, here is the Auto Ads novelty: Google manages the ad's location selection: this is the number of ads placed on specific pages, their own location, and the type of ads to display. Machine learning can also be used to analyze success rates and determine how to better feature ads in the future.
A.I.s Instead of Creative Directors!
First of all, let's give some context. We are in 2015 at the Mccann agency in Japan. Shun Matsuzak launches the "Creative Genome" project. His goal? Create the world's first artificial intelligence capable of replacing a creative director to design TV ads.
He first separated the creative part (concept, idea, message) from the other elements of the TV spot (context, tone, shape, music, etc.). He then created a database integrating Japan's best TV ads from the last 10 years according to very specific criteria.
We are now in the middle of 2017. At a conference, two spots are presented to more than 200 professionals in the advertising world. The first was made by Shun Matsuzak's AI, the other in a more traditional way.
To everyone's surprise, the panel of professionals preferred the AI's TV spot.
A Question Mark in Conclusion?
Automated content, advanced customization of the offer, dynamic pricing, virtual agents ..., artificial intelligence now marks each step of the customer journey and this trend is apparently only in its infancy. We have entered a new era. The business world is changing in a way never seen before. The current digital marketing (for example based on geolocation or on your digital footprint) is mutating. What does it mean for you or for a web agency like us? And if we talk about precision marketing today, will artificial intelligence allow us to move to a predictive marketing tomorrow? This is what Digital Marketing is about.


text:
Home / Call that flu.
Call that flu.
August 5, 2013 · by admin · in Andrews Blog
In January 1918, even as World War 1 was raging, a new viral war had begun. Described as "The greatest medical holocaust in history" this largely forgotten flu epidemic killed more people in 24 weeks than AIDS has killed in 24 years, more in a year than the Black Death killed in a century.
WW1 would go on to kill some 9 million people. The Spanish flu pandemic that started in January 1918 would go on to kill between 20 – 50 million, before being finally eradicated by December 1920.
Using the 50 million upper estimate, that represents 3% of the World population at the time. Some 5 times more people died in the year after WW1 from catching flu than from the bullets and bombs.
The movement of troops in WW1, many weakened by malnutrition, helped spread the virus. It may even have hastened the end of the war, as the first wave affected Germany and its Allies first, their increased mortality leading to a crumbling of resistance.
It was named the Spanish Flu because although outbreaks in France were extreme, censored press during wartime meant restricted news. The pandemic received wider press attention after it moved from France to Spain in November 1918, especially after King Alfonso became infected, generating huge press interest. Spain's neutrality in WW1 meant no wartime censorship.
The origin of the Spanish flu pandemic, and the relationship between the near-simultaneous outbreaks in humans and swine, have been controversial.
The source was quite probably a major troop staging and hospital camp in Etaples France, where a virus was harbored in birds, and mutated to pigs that were kept near the front.
Another theory is that the virus strain originated at Fort Riley, Kansas, in viruses in poultry and swine which the fort bred for food; the soldiers were then sent from Fort Riley around the world, spreading the virus.
The virus infected about one third of the worlds population. 10 – 20% of those infected died. In India some 17 million died. In Britain, 250,000.
The virus killed through a cytokine storm – causing the body's immune system to overreact – which made it most effective in young strong people, rather than the weak and elderly, as is the case with most viral infection.
Death came mostly by bacterial pneumonia, and often directly by hemorrhages – bleeding from mucous membranes, especially from nose, stomach and intestine, and edema of the lung.
The most vulnerable group were pregnant women – 23 – 71% and most vulnerable age range was young adults 20 to 40 year old's who account for 50% of fatalities.
The virus raged through the summer of 1918 and in August a second wave, a mutated even worse version struck.
In civilian life, natural selection favours a mild strain. Those who get very ill stay home, and those mildly ill continue with their lives, preferentially spreading the mild strain. In the trenches, natural selection was reversed. Soldiers with a mild strain stayed where they were, while the severely ill were sent on crowded trains to crowded field hospitals, spreading the deadlier virus. The second wave began and the flu quickly spread around the world again.
A big spike in fatalities occurred in October 1918. This occurred right after the US Army Surgeon General and the Journal of the American Medical association recommended prescribing very large doses of Aspirin.
And then – after the lethal second wave struck in the autumn of 1918, new cases dropped abruptly – almost to nothing after the peak in the second wave. Possibly because the 1918 virus mutated extremely rapidly to a less lethal strain. This is a common occurrence with influenza viruses: there is a tendency for pathogenic viruses to become less lethal with time, providing more living hosts.
Possibly improved medical treatment of pneumonia symptoms also helped.
How fortune works →


text:
Q: Asp.net Razor Web Pages Binding Values To Object I am just wondering is there a way to bind coming request values to an object like we do in MVC in Web Pages.
Web pages has a simpler way to develop smaller websites than mvc. So I want to use razor web pages to develop websites now.
I used MVC for long time and there was automatic model binding based on conventions. And in any Action you can use TryUpdateModel() method to bind request values on complex object for extra cool job.
There is a  ModelBinders.Binders.DefaultBinder.BindModel() method I can see in page but it needs two long parameters.
I am wondering is there a simple fast way for bind Request Parameters to C# object :)
Thx for help.

A: There is no Model Binding in the Web Pages framework. The framework was developed with novice developers primarily in mind and from the comments I saw from members of the project team at the time, they didn't think their target audience would understand or use strongly typed containers for data (business objects).
I needed something like this for a project I worked on, so I built my own very simple model binder. It's rough code that only handles simple types and hasn't been put through any kind of wringer, but it serves my purpose. You can use it for the basis of something more robust:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Web;

public static class RequestBinder
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Generates entity instances from Request values
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The Type to be generated</typeparam>
    /// <param name="request"></param>
    /// <returns>TEntity</returns>
    public static TEntity Bind<TEntity>(this HttpRequestBase request) where TEntity : class, new()
    {
        var entity = (TEntity)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(TEntity));
        var properties = typeof(TEntity).GetProperties();
        foreach (var property in properties)
        {
            object safeValue;
            Type t = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(property.PropertyType) ?? property.PropertyType;
            try
            {
                if (t == typeof(String))
                {
                    safeValue = string.IsNullOrEmpty(request[property.Name]) ? null : request[property.Name];
                }
                else if (t.IsEnum)
                {
                    safeValue = (request[property.Name] == null) ? null : Enum.Parse(t, request[property.Name]);
                }
                else
                {
                    Type tColl = typeof(ICollection<>);
                    if (t.IsGenericType && tColl.IsAssignableFrom(t.GetGenericTypeDefinition()) || t.GetInterfaces().Any(x => x.IsGenericType && x.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == tColl))
                    {
                        continue;
                    }
                    safeValue = (request[property.Name] == null) ? null : Convert.ChangeType(request[property.Name], t);
                }
                property.SetValue(entity, safeValue, null);
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {

            }
        }
        return entity;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Populates an existing entity's properties from the Request.Form collection
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="TEntity"></typeparam>
    /// <param name="request"></param>
    /// <param name="entity"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static TEntity Bind<TEntity>(this HttpRequestBase request, TEntity entity) where TEntity : class, new()
    {
        foreach (string item in request.Form)
        {
            var property = entity.GetType().GetProperty(item);
            if (property != null)
            {
                object safeValue;
                Type t = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(property.PropertyType) ?? property.PropertyType;
                try
                {
                    if (t == typeof(String))
                    {
                        safeValue = string.IsNullOrEmpty(request[property.Name]) ? null : request[property.Name];
                    }
                    else if (t.IsEnum)
                    {
                        safeValue = (request[property.Name] == null) ? null : Enum.Parse(t, request[property.Name]);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Type tColl = typeof(ICollection<>);
                        if (t.IsGenericType && tColl.IsAssignableFrom(t.GetGenericTypeDefinition()) || t.GetInterfaces().Any(x => x.IsGenericType && x.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == tColl))
                        {
                            continue;
                        }
                        safeValue = (request[property.Name] == null) ? null : Convert.ChangeType(request[property.Name], t);
                    }
                    property.SetValue(entity, safeValue, null);
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {

                }
            }
        }
        return entity;
    }
}

You would use it like this:
var person = Request.Bind<Person>();

It's unclear at the moment how Web Pages will be incorporated into ASP.NET vNext. The ASP.NET team have talked about eliminating duplication across Web Pages, MVC and Web API, so hopefully that will result in Web Pages including Model Binding.


As with any content on the internet, the information contained in this article is presented "as is", without claims or warranties of any kind, express or implied. USE THIS INFORMATION AT YOUR OWN RISK! USE OF THIS INFORMATION CONSTITUES AN AGREEMENT BY THE READER TO ASSUME ALL RISKS! The reader's interpretation and application of this information shall be the reader's sole responsibility. The reader agrees to hold harmless the author and publisher and therefore in no event shall the author or publisher be liable to the reader or any third party for any damages, claims, expenses or other costs (including without limitation legal fees) arising out of or in connection with the use of this information. The reader further agrees that their sole and exclusive remedy is to discontinue use of this information.
Draw the outline of the eye sockets of the styrofoam head.
Using your dremel of knife, carve the oulined area so the eyeballs can fit centered into the eyesockets.
Using a combination of cardboard and masking tape, build the chin and nose of the head and fix them on it.
Using a very long screwdriver piece a channel starting from the center of one eye socket to the back of the head. Repeat the process with the other eye socket.
Temporary tape to it one LED eye light to the end of a long metal wire and slide it in one of the previously carved channel starting from the back of the head all the way to the eye socket. Repeat the process with the other eye socket channel.
Using a drill, make an hole behind each eyeball making sure they are large enoPutugh to fit inside an LED light. Put the LED lights in them.
Put aluminum foil at the back of each clear eyes so the light coming from the LED that goes to the back will be reflected to the front.
Using a hot glue gun, glue the eyes to the eye sockets.
Using your favorite paper mache techniques, coat your head with paper mache giving to it the shape and look you want.
I use a mix of 50/50 water and carpenter's glue as my mache glue with newspaper strip. To simulate wrinkles, I use paper towel soaked in paper mache glue.
Using cardboard cut two rough form of the outside of an ear. Then cut an hole inside the two cutted cardboard ears.
Cut to other form from the cardboard that is smaller than the two previous cutted ears form.
Cut two long strips of cardboard making the ends narrow and enlarging to the center. The lenght of the strip should be the diameter of the small cardboard cutted on previous step.
Glue the previously cutted strips to the inside ear cardboard form with hot glue.
Glue the outer ear cardboard to the cardboard strips with hot glue.
Add details to the interior of the ear with cardboard and hot glue.
Coat the ears in paper mache and fix them to the head with hot glue.
Add two coats of exterior varnish to the dried paper mache head and ears. Sand lightly between each coat.
Add two coats of latex exterior flat black paint on the head and ears.
Paint the lowpoints of the head with diluted dark brown acrylic paint.
Paint the highpoints of the head with diluted yellow acrylic paint.
Coat the head with lightly diluted dark green acrylic paint.
Add a wig and a hat to your head if you like and enjoy your work.
A lightweight, classical, full size, toe-pincher coffin made from wood.
A witch head made from styrofoam and paper mache.


A little reminder of long hot summer days with this refreshing taste of watermelon. Finally a true to life scent that is not too sweet like the 'fake' scent out there and is sure to become one of your favourites.
These candles are truly luxury soy candles! As with all our El Naturel Soy candles, only the finest quality soy and fragrance oils are used, to produce clean burning, eco-friendly candles with the most amazing aromas! The cotton wicks allow for a lovely slow, even burn, with an enhanced fragrance.
Enjoy this mesmerising blend for up to 30-70 hours. The low melt point feature of soy wax ensures a wonderfully full scent throw to effectively fragrance your home. Each candle comes elegantly packaged in a stunning gift box making it the perfect gift or an indulgent treat for yourself.
Soy wax features a low melt point for a strong scent throw. Presented in a clear glass jar and gift box.
Care Instructions: All usage and safety instructions are displayed underneath each jar.


Searching for "Group" job or career in Ireland? Welcome to CareerDP, your all in one easy to use job site that can assist you to any job search. We wish you a good luck and have a prosperous career.
Company: Everest Re Group, Ltd.
Hiring Organization: Everest Re Group, Ltd.
Data as of 2019-04-03 (Latest) with id 24689.
If you are switching jobs: "I'm leaving the company" is a phrase that requires lots of courage. When pronounced at the incorrect period or in the wrong manner, it can have a very negative effect on your career. You may get a job offer you with another corporation where the pay out is higher, but you are still uncertain if that work environment will undoubtedly be better then the current one. After all, it isn't all about the amount of money. What if you afterwards change your mind? After all, this is not an easy decision. Needless to say your boss can absolve you and consider you back, nonetheless it is not guaranteed.


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