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Perspective > Medscape Gastroenterology > GI Common Concerns
Sleep Impairment: A Trigger for Relapse in IBD?
David A. Johnson, MD
Sleep and IBD
Sleep and Inflammation
Role of Sleep in IBD Relapse
Meeting the Need for Sleep
Is it possible to prevent relapses of IBD?
A very interesting study from the University of North Carolina was recently published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.[4] Using the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America Partners database, the investigators looked at the likelihood for flares in patients who were "in remission," defined as a Short Crohn's Disease Activity Index < 150 for patients with Crohn disease or a Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index ≤ 2 for patients with ulcerative colitis.
They evaluated these patients for sleep deprivation, and found that approximately 60% of the patients had sleep disturbances at baseline. Patients in remission who had sleep disturbances were more likely to experience flares of their disease. Compared with patients who had no sleep abnormalities, those with sleep impairment in the population with Crohn disease were twice as likely to experience a flare within 6 months. Patients who were considered to be in remission of their IBD were not in remission with respect to sleep deprivation or sleep abnormality.
Of interest, this didn't apply to patients with ulcerative colitis, but these phenotypes of IBD are different. For example, smoking affects Crohn disease negatively, but it affects ulcerative colitis positively. So there are some variances of effect for these diseases. I am not ready to say that sleep deprivation has no effect on patients with ulcerative colitis, because physiologically, it makes too much sense that it would.
Slide 4.
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A study[5] was done in which animals were given melatonin to restore their sleep patterns, making these animals more resistant to drug-induced colitis. It makes sense to some degree that melatonin would have a physiologic effect, because it is normally secreted by the pineal gland. Melatonin is also a powerful antioxidant and free-radical scavenger that reduces TNF-alpha secretion. Therefore, it makes sense that it may have a beneficial role in patients with IBD. I have liberalized my use of melatonin in patients with IBD in a proactive way to prevent a relapse or an active flare of disease.
To summarize, IBD is associated with an upregulation of cytokines. Sleep deprivation or sleep abnormalities also upregulate cytokines. You can see a self-perpetuating vicious cycle here: As disease flares, patients sleep poorly. They take medications that make them sleep more poorly, and cytokines upregulate further.
Medscape Gastroenterology © 2014 WebMD, LLC
Cite this: Sleep Impairment: A Trigger for Relapse in IBD? - Medscape - Jan 23, 2014.
Professor of Medicine, Chief of Gastroenterology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
Disclosure: David A. Johnson, MD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Served as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant, or trustee for: Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc.; CRH Medical; Merck & Co, Inc.; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, LP; WebMD Health; Journal Watch Gastroenterology
Served as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America
Received research grant from: AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc.
Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc.; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Merck & Co., Inc.; CRH Medical; WebMD Health; Journal Watch Gastroenterology
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are known as the "industrial classes". Mr. Fraser was a lawyer by profession and a hard-working, conscientious, public man of very distinguished ability. Mr. Dryden represented the farming industry in the House as Minister of Agriculture, and was always ready and willing to use his unusual talents in the amelioration of the conditions under which work is carried on in factories and shops. A careful, enlightened and continually progressive policy seems to have marked the course of this legislation from its inception.


Say the word community and it still brings to mind thoughts of people with something in common who identify with each other as a group and usually as a neighborhood. But this week, the meaning of community is being stretched in exciting new directions.
Chris Kelly suggests that what we need to solve big problems are big communities - what he calls Megacommunities. They are working partnerships of business, government and nonprofits that are tackling issues in Harlem, East Biloxi, and worldwide. Chris is co-author of .
Eric Gordon is using a virtual community in Second Life to engage citizens in planning major projects in the real community of Boston. Eric is a researcher interested in the areas of new media and American urbanism. He is the co-founder of Hub2, an organization that employs virtual world technology to enhance the community engagement process around urban development.
We'll explore these new meanings of community this week on Smart City.


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Carey Surname Meaning, History & Origin
Select Carey Meaning
The Carey name has its origins in SW England and in Ireland. The English Carey has various possible origins:
early Careys being Norman, the Carey name could have come from
the manor of Carrey near Lisieux in Normandy. The Guernsey Careys
may have had this origin.
the river Cary in Devon and Somerset. Here the root was the
Celtic word car, meaning
"love" or "liking." Castle Cary in Somerset, twelve miles east of
Wells, was held by Adam de Kari.
or the Carew name in Cornwall derived from a place name with the caer, meaning "fort," and rhiw, or "hill," elements.
The Carew/Carey family who held the estate of Antony in Cornwall on the
Devon border had this origin.
The Irish Carey
was an anglicization of different old Gaelic names, depending on
location. The main origin of Carey was the Gaelic ciardha, from ciar meaning "dark" or
"black." This name was the
basis of the O"Ciardha sept that came originally from county
Kildare.
Carey Resources on
Carey Genealogy Hub. Carey genealogy.
The Cary/Carey Family in America. Descendants of John and
Elizabeth Cary of Bridgewater.
David Carey. Early Carey settlers in
Otago, NZ.
Carey Ancestry
The first English Carey on record was an Adam de Kari who held Castle
Cary in Somerset in the 13th century. Sir John Cary was made
Chief Baron of the Exchequer in 1387, but was later banished and had
his lands confiscated. Later Careys were Tudor courtiers. William Carey
married Mary Boleyn and he and his family profited from the
King's romantic entanglements.
Another Cary line from Somerset
were Bristol drapers in Tudor and early Stuart times (from whom the
term Cary wool is thought to have derived). Various members of
the family were mayors of the town.
The indigenous Carys or Careys came to be outnumbered by Careys from
Ireland. The largest Carey numbers are in London, Manchester, and
Glasgow, traditionally places that have attracted Irish immigration.
Channel Islands. The
Channel islands were a conduit for trade between Normandy and England
and the Carey name appeared there, in Guernsey, at an early time.
A Jean Careye was recorded there as "living in 1393." He is
accepted as being the forebear of the Careys of Guernsey.
His descendants became landowners in St. Martins while a junior branch
gravitated to commerce at St. Peter Port. The Careye name became
Carey in 1756. William W. Carey's 1938 book The History of the Careys of Guernsey
traced the family history.
Ireland. The O"Ciardha
sept of the southern Ui Neills were lords of the Carbury barony of
county Kildare until they were dispersed by the Normans in the late
12th century. Many of these O"Ciardhas migrated south and there
the clan name
became Carey.
Careys were in Tipperary, Meath, and Cork (where the name might also
have been a corruption of the Anglo-Norman Carew). By the 1850's
the largest number were to be found in Tipperary, followed by Cork,
Mayo and Kerry.
Tipperary Careys were mainly Catholic, although there was one
Protestant Carey recorded, the Rev. Robert Carey in Clonmel (he was
from Peter Carey, a 17th century planter from Devon). There
were also Ulster Catholic Careys, mainly in Antrim.
America. John Cary, born in Bristol, came
to America with his wife Elizabeth in
1634 and was one of the first settlers of Bridgewater,
Massachusetts. His descendants are numerous and spread around the
country. Seth Cary's book of the patriarch of the family John Cary, The Plymouth Pilgrim was
published in 1911.
Miles Cary, also from Bristol, came out to
Virginia in the late 1640's and settled in Warwick county. It was
"Miles Cary went out as a young
merchant with the tradition of a mercantile family and suffered a sea
change into a planter and public officer after he was established in
the new world. On the other hand, the descendants of his New
England uncle continued to maintain in their new environment the
Bristol seafaring and mercantile tradition."
Later Carys, most notably Archibald Cary, established themselves at
Amphill in Chesterfield county. They were one of the richest
families in the Virginia colony. Meanwhile, John Cary was born in
York county in 1729 and James Cary was in Nansemond county around the
same time. James's grandson Elphinston moved onto North Carolina
and then, in 1810, to Georgia. Fairfax Harrison's report The Virginia Carys was written in
The Carey name became prominent in Baltimore through James Carey, a
late 18th century Quaker port merchant and member of Baltimiore's first
city council. His family remained influential in Baltimore life
and has recently been commemorated in the naming of the John Hopkins
Carey Business School.
By the 19th century, Irish Careys were more numerous
than English Carys/Careys. One of the first to come,
escaping English perscution in Dublin, was
Mathew Carey in 1784. A contemporary of
Franklin, he became a successful publisher in Philadelphia.
The 19th century brought greater immigration. Dennis Carey, for
instance, came from Cork in 1870, married in Boston, and raised a
family of seven there.
Two Carey success stories of the 20th century have been:
limousines. This business was started in New York in
1921 by James Carey, a barber at Grand Central Station who had
immigrated to New York in the early 1900's,
and Carey's fuel oil business. Michael Carey had immigrated
from Galway at the turn of the century and his son Dennis started a
oil distribution business in Brooklyn in the 1920's. This was
handed down to five Carey sons in the postwar years. It was
the elder Carey son, Edward, who financed the political ambitions of
his younger brother Hugh. Hugh became Governor of New York state
in the late
1970's.
and New Zealand. Among the Carey immigrants there
in the 19th century were:
David and Hannah Carey from Sussex in England, who had come to
New Zealand as early as 1840 and settled in Otago. Their
daughter Julia was in fact the first child born to European parents in
Otago.
John Randal Carey from Cork, who came out to Victoria on the Countess of Yarborough in 1853 to
try his luck in the goldfields. He ended up as a successful
businessman and newspaper proprietor in Sydney.
David Carey from Tipperary, another who came over to the
goldfields in the 1850's. He lived and died in Ballarat.
and Jeremiah Carey from Tipperary, who had enlisted in the
British army and served in Australia and New Zealand before settling
with his family in Auckland, New Zealand in the 1850's. However,
he died there in 1859 of "apoplexy and intoxication."
Robert Graham Carey, usually known as RGC, was born and grew up in the
vicinity of Ballarat. He was one of Australia's pioneer
aviators. In 1917 he undertook the first Australian airmail
flight on his Bleriot 60, from Adelaide to Gawler.
Select Carey Miscellany
Irish Origins of Carey. Patrick Woulfe in his 1923 book Sloinnte Gaedheal is Gall suggested different origins for Carey in different parts of Ireland. The following was where these Gaelic
names became Carey:
O'Ciardha, Kildare,
Westmeath, Meath, Clare, east Limerick, NE Cork, SW Tipperary, west
Mac Fhiachra, parts of
O'Corrain, parts of
Munster (in particular in Tipperary)
O'Ciarain, south and
west Mayo
and O'Ciarmihachain,
west Cork.
William Carey and Mary Boleyn. William Carey was the second son of Sir Thomas Carey of Chilton Foliat
in Wiltshire. In 1520
he married Mary Boleyn, daughter of Thomas Boleyn, the Ist Earl of
Wiltshire. Shortly after their marriage, Mary became the mistress
of King Henry VIII.
The Boleyns received grants of land and Carey himself profited from his
wife's unfaithfulness, being granted manors and estates by the King
while the affair was in progress. Perhaps a reason the
athletic Henry favored Carey was the fact that Carey was also fond of
activities such as riding, hunting and jousting. Carey had
distinguished himself in jousting at the Field of the Cloth of Gold in
William and Mary had two children, Henry (the 1st Baron Hunsdon) and
Catherine Carey. Their parentage has been questioned by later
historians who suspect that the real father was Henry.
Henry soon turned his affections to Mary's sister Anne Boleyn.
And William Carey himself died of the sweating sickness in 1528 when he
was only about thirty. Henry's secretary wrote the following on
the day after his death:
"Now is word common that M. Cary,
which before I came lay in the chamber where I lie, and with whom at my
first coming I met here in this place, saying that he had been with his
wife at Plashey, and would not be seen within, because he would ride
again and hunt, is dead of the sweat. Our Lord have mercy on his
soul; and hold his hand over us."
Careys in Guernsey. Due to the large number of Careys on Guernsey, it was
common practice during marriage to incorporate the surname of the
bride's father as a mark of respect. This may have taken the form
of a middle Christian name on the birth of the first son or added in
front of the Carey surname.
This has led to the various branches in the family tree
following a common surname or middle name through the
generations. Hence the names of Dobree, Havilland, Tupper,
Sausmarez, De Vic, Priaulx, Brenton, Onslow, and others.
Carey's Castle in Tipperary. Carey's castle in Clonmel is a picturesque ruin set in
woodland beside the Glenary river. It was formerly occupied by
monks and up to recent years the ruins of the alms house were still in
Careys in Griffith's Valuation. Griffith undertook his valuations in Ireland in the 1850's. The
following were the counties with the largest number of Carey households
at that time:
Tipperary, 239
Cork, 177
Limerick, 108
Dublin, 94
and Mayo, 78.
These figures were taken after the famines of 1847-49. The Carey
numbers ten years earlier might have been somewhat higher.
Reader Feedback – Careys in Ireland. The Carey
figures quoted from Griffith's 'Valuation' in the 1850's are for
households or families, not for individual bearers. One common enough source of Carey in several
parts of Ireland, notably Mayo as well as Kerry, is Ó
Céirín, which is the 'same name' as Ó Ciaráin
but probably the more common form.
Patrick FitzGerald Carey (tigerna@yahoo.co.uk).
John Cary of Bridgewater, Massachusetts. A John Cary monument was erected on his homestead in West Bridgewater,
Massachusetts in 1905. It read:
"Near this spot was the home of John
Cary, born in Somersetshire, England. He became in 1651 an
original proprietor, and honored settler on this river. He was
clerk of the plantation when the town of Bridgewater was incorporated
in 1656. He was elected Constable, the first and only officer of
that year. He was town clerk until his death in 1681.
Tradition says he was the first teacher of Latin in Plymouth colony.
This tablet erected by his descendants in memory."
A descendant Moses Cary wrote the following about John Cary in 1785:
"When he landed it gave him a dreadful
shock, for he was brought up delicately and left a delightful country;
and here he found himself not only in a strange land, but in a
frightful wilderness and destitute of any of the comforts of life. He saw no way to get a living but to go to work, though he was not
brought up to any kind of labor. He was so full of trouble that he shed
tears bountifully, which so moved the captain of the vessel that he
offered to carry him back again, but he said, 'No, I will never go
back.'"
Careys to America. Most Careys to America came from Ireland.
Country Numbers (000's) Percent
Ireland 2,058 75
England and Scotland 688 25
Elsewhere 6 –
Carey Limousines. What could be more time-saving and elegant than to have your own private chauffeur drive you to and from the terminal?
So asked one James P. Carey. That is J.P. Carey, barber, shoe and
apparel vendor, garage and rental car operator, and founder of the
present-day $20 million limousine empire that bears his name.
From his barber shop in Grand Central Station,
Carey came to understand the habits, needs, and wants of the wealthy
who ventured to and from New York City.
His limousine business began in 1921 when he acquired six Packard
touring cars to serve the wealthy travellers at Grand Central.
All three of his sons – John, Edwin and Paul – worked in the business
and JP eventually created a transportation company for each of
them. But it was the next generation of Careys that expanded
their limousine business beyond New York, in many cases through
licensing the Carey name to local operators. As a result Carey is
now a leading name worldwide in chauffeured limousine services.
Select Carey Names
Jean Careye is recognized as
the forebear of the Careys on the Channel Island of Guernsey.
William Carey was a prominent
Tudor courtier during the reign of Henry VIII.
Henry Carey has been credited as a
composer of the national anthem God
Save The King.
Mathew Carey was an Irish-born
publisher in Philadelphia in the years after the Revolutionary War.
William Carey was an early 19th
century English Baptist missionary, known as the "father of modern missions."
James P. Carey was the founder
of Carey Limousines in 1921.
George Carey was Archbishop of
Canterbury from 1991 to 2002.
Mariah Carey is an American pop
singer/songwriter. Her grandfather changed his name to Carey after he had immigrated to America from Venezuela.
Select Carey Numbers Today
in Surrey)
20,000 in America (most numerous in New York)
21,000 elsewhere (most numerous in Ireland)
Select Carey and Like Surnames
The Irish clan or sept names come through the mists of time until they were found in Irish records such as The Annals of the Four Masters. The names were Gaelic and this Gaelic order was preserved until it was battered down by the English in the 1600's.
Some made peace with the English. "Wild geese" fled to fight abroad. But most stayed and suffered, losing land and even the use of their language. Irish names became anglicized, although sometimes in a mishmash of spellings. Mass emigration happened after the potato famine of the 1840's.
Some surnames – such as Kelly, Murphy and O'Connor – span all parts of Ireland. But most will have a territorial focus in one of the four Irish provinces – Leinster, Munster, Ulster, and Connacht.
Munster in SW Ireland covers the counties of Clare, Cork, Kerry, Limerick, Tipperary, and Waterford. Here are some of the Munster surnames that you can check out.
Collins Flynn Kennedy McGrath
Donovan Hennessy Maloney O'Brien
Driscoll Hickey McCarthy O'Sullivan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Are you suffering from foot pain? Dr. Barbara explains what plantar fasciitis is and how we address it so you can get back to your normal activities.


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Tim Cook supported Apple's legal team after 'very ugly' iBooks lawsuit
By William Gallagher
Monday, June 10, 2019, 04:36 am PT (07:36 am ET)
In a wide-ranging interview, former Apple general counsel Bruce Sewell has told law students how the iBooks antitrust case went wrong, and also what it was like moving to Cupertino after years with the much more formal Intel corporation.
Tim Cook (left) with Bruce Sewell
Bruce Sewell, who retired as legal general counsel at Apple in 2017, says now that he got the company's "so important" and "very ugly" iBooks case wrong. Speaking to law students, he talked about the risks that legal teams take and how Apple's Tim Cook reacted to the loss.
"Apple got involved in a very ugly suit with the US government in the Southern District of New York that had to do with our release of the iBooks Store," Sewell told an audience of lawyers for the YouTube series "Before You Take the LSAT." "I tried to chart a course that I thought was incredibly good for Apple, and would bear legal scrutiny."
Sewell was responding to a question about risk in the law and how you avoid it, but he answered that there are reasons to look for risk. "Steer the ship as close to that line as you can," he continued, "because that's where the competitive advantage lies. It's hard to say exactly where that line is... but you want to get to the point where you can use risk as a competitive advantage."
Speaking about how in-house legal teams work as opposed to outside counsel, he said that you need to be able to react and willing to change. "That's the point at which law actually becomes a commercial asset to the company," he explained. "If you can figure out how to get closer to a particular risk, but be prepared to manage it if it does go nuclear, your company is able to sail closer to the wind than its competitors are and that's a real advantage. But you have to have permission of the company to do that because every so often, you're going to get it wrong."
Regarding the iBooks case, he said that he hadn't got all the information he needed.
"There were some things going on amongst a group of publishers that I didn't know about," he continued. "If I had known about them, I would've taken a different tack. That was an example of sailing close to the wind because it was so important to Apple. But, in the end, I got it wrong. Apple ended up being sued by the government and having to pay a large fine."
Sewell also revealed what Tim Cook's response to losing the case had been.
"Tim's reaction was, [what we had done] was the right choice," he said. "'You made the best choice you could with the information you had. You didn't know about these other things. Don't let that scare you. I don't want you to stop pushing the envelope because that's why legal is an important function in the company.'"
Bruce Sewell talking to law students
Describing the general way that Apple's legal team functions, Sewell revealed that by the end of his tenure with the company, it had an annual legal budget of a billion dollars. Most of that was spent on litigation cases, and he gave as an example how the smartphone patent trial against Samsung at one point had 350 lawyers billing time. They had between seven and eight million documents to review, and spent in total some 208,000 hours on the case.
Sewell moved to Apple from several years as general counsel at Intel and was asked about how he found that change. "Going from Intel to Apple, in some cases, was like going from university to kindergarten," he said. "Because Apple's just this wild place. The atmosphere at Intel was very formal, the atmosphere at Apple is very creative, very laissez-fair."
"And so there's this sense of order leading to good results at Intel," he continued, "and kind of chaos leading to incredible results at Apple."
He stayed at Apple for eight years and said that when he decided to retire, he sent Tim Cook a note about starting to look for a replacement. "He didn't respond for, like, five days!" said Sewell. "I was just, oh my god, he's going to throw me out... [Then] he sent me the most beautiful note. He said 'sorry it took me so long to respond, but I kept thinking it was a nightmare and I was gonna wake up from it.'"
Sewell left Apple at the end of 2017 and was replaced by Katherine Adams.
Tim Cook,
iBooks,
lawsuit,
Bruce Sewell
Apple's Screen Time for macOS Catalina is a tool, not a nanny
'Sky: Children of the Light' now available to pre-order and will release on July 11


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Tracking the signal of emerging technologies
The first NASA IT Summit featured deep views into the future.
by Alex Howard |	@digiphile | +Alex Howard | August 25, 2010
Last week the words of science fiction writer William Gibson ran rampant over the Twitter back channel at the inaugural NASA IT Summit when a speaker quoted his observation that "The future is here. It's just not evenly distributed yet." That's a familiar idea to readers of the O'Reilly Radar, given its focus on picking up the weak signals that provide insight into what's coming next. So what does the future of technology hold for humanity and space flight? I've been reading the fiction of Jules Verne, Isaac Asimov, David Brin, Neal Stephenson, Bruce Sterling and many other great authors since I was a boy, and thinking and dreaming of what's to come. I'm not alone in that; Tim O'Reilly is also dreaming of augmented reality fiction these days.
Last week I interviewed NASA's CIO and CTO at the NASA IT Summit about some of that fiction made real. We discussed open source, cloud computing, virtualization, and Climate@Home, a distributed supercomputer for climate modeling. Those all represent substantive, current implementations of enterprise IT that enable the agency to support mission-critical systems. (If you haven't read about the state of space IT, it's worth circling back.)
Three speakers at the Summit offered perspectives on emerging technologies that were compelling enough to report on:
Former senior technology officer at the Defense Intelligence Agency Lewis Shepherd
Gartner VP David Cearley
Father of the Internet Vint Cerf
You can watch Cerf speak in the embedded video below. (As a bonus, Jack Blitch's presentation on Disney's "Imagineers" follows.) For more on the technologies they discuss, and Shepherd's insight into a "revolution in scientific computing," read on.
Building an Internet in space
Even a cursory look at the NASA IT Summit Agenda reveals the breadth of topics discussed. You could find workshops on everything from infrastructure to interactivity, security in the cloud to open government, space medicine to ITIL, as well as social media and virtual worlds. The moment that was clearly a highlight for many attendees, however, came when Vint Cerf talked about the evolution of the Internet. His perspective on building resilient IT systems that last clearly resonated with this crowd, especially his description of the mission as "a term of art." Cerf said that "designing communications and architectures must be from a multi-mission point of view." This has particular relevance for an agency that builds IT systems for space, where maintenance isn't a matter of a stroll to the server room.
Cerf's talk was similar to the one he delivered at "Palantir Night Live" earlier this summer, which you can watch on YouTube or read about from Rob Pegoraro at the Washington Post.
Cerf highlighted the more than 1.8 billion people on the IP network worldwide at the end of 2009, as well as the 4.5 billion mobile devices that are increasingly stressing it. "The growth in the global Internet has almost exhausted IPv4 address space," he said. "And that's my fault." Time for everyone to learn IPv6.
Looking ahead to the future growth of the Internet, Cerf noted both the coming influx of Asian users and the addition of non-Latin characters, including Cyrillic, Chinese, and Arabic. "If your systems are unprepared to deal with non-Latin character sets, you need to correct that deficiency," he said.
Cerf also considered the growth of the "Real World Web" as computers are increasingly embedded in "human space." In the past, humans have adapted to computer interfaces, he said, but computers are increasingly adapting to human interfaces, operating by speech, vision, touch and gestures.
Cerf pointed to the continued development of Google Goggles, an app that allows Android users to take a picture of an object and send it to Google to find out what it is. As CNET reported yesterday, Goggles is headed to iPhones this year. Cerf elicited chuckles from the audience when describing the potential for his wife's Cochlear implant to be reprogrammed with TCP/IP, thereby allowing her to ask questions over a VoIP network, essentially putting her wife on the Internet. To date, as far as we know, she is not online.
Cerf also described the growing "Internet of Things." That network will include an InterPlaNetary Internet, said Cerf, or IPN. Work has been going forward on the IPN since 1998, including the development of more fault-tolerant networking that stores and forwards packets as connections become available in a "variably delayed and disrupted environment."
"TCP/IP is not going to work," he said, "as the distance between planets is literally astronomical. TCP doesn't do well with that. The other problem is celestial motion, with planets rotating. We haven't figured out how to stop that."
The "Bundle Protocol" is the key to an interplanetary Internet, said Cerf. The open source, publicly available Bundle protocol was first tested in space on the UK-DMC satellite in 2008. This method allows three to five times more data throughput than standard TCP/IP, addressing the challenge of packetized communications by hopping and storing the data. Cerf said we'll need more sensors in space, including self-documenting instruments for meta-data and calibration, in order to improve remote networking capabilities. "I'm deeply concerned that we don't know how to do many of these things," he observed.
Cerf also expressed concern about the lack of standards for cloud computing, suggesting that "we need a virtual cloud to allow more interoperability."
Government 2.0 and the Revolution in Scientific Computing
Lewis Shepherd, former senior technology officer at the Defense Intelligence Agency and current Director of Microsoft's Institute for Advanced Technology in Governments, focused his talk on whether humanity is on the cusp of a fourth research paradigm as the "scale and expansion of storage and computational power continues unabated."
Shepherd put that prediction in the context of the evolution of science from experimental to theoretical to computational. Over time, scientists have moved beyond describing natural phenomena or Newton's Laws to simulating complex phenomena, an ability symbolized by comparing the use of lens-based microscopes to electron microscopes. This has allowed scientists to create nuclear simulations.
Shepherd now sees the emergence of a fourth paradigm, or "eScience," where a set of tools and technologies support data federation and collaboration to address the explosion of exabytes of data. As an example he referenced imagery of the Pleiades star cluster from the Digitized Sky Survey synthesized within the WorldWide Telescope.
"When data becomes ubiquitous, when we become immersed in a sea of data, what are the implications?" asked Shepherd. "We need to be able to derive meaning and information that wasn't predicted when the data sets were constructed. No longer will we have to be constrained by databases that are purpose-built for a system that we design with a certain set of requirements. We can do free-form science against unconstrained sets of data, or modeling on the fly because of the power of the cloud."
His presentation from the event is embedded below.
In particular, Shepherd looked at the growth of cloud computing and data ubiquity as an enabler for collaboration and distributed research worldwide. In the past, the difficulty of replicating scientific experiments was a hindrance. He doesn't see that as a fundamental truth anymore. Another liberating factor, in his view, is the evolution of programming into modeling.
"Many of the new programming tools are not just visual but hyper-visual, with drag and drop modeling. Consider that in the context of continuous networking," he said. "Always-on systems offer you the ability to program against data sets in the cloud, where you can see the emergence of real-time interactive simulations."
What could this allow? "NASA can design systems that appear to be far simpler than the computation going on behind the scenes," he suggested. "This could enable pervasive, accurate, and timely modeling of reality."
Much of this revolution is enabled by open data protocols and open data sets, posited Shepherd, including a growing set of interactions — government-to-government, government-to-citizen, citizen-to-citizen — that are leading to the evolution of so-called "citizen science." Shepherd referenced the Be A Martian Project, where the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory crowdsourced images from Mars.
He was less optimistic about the position of the United States in research and development, including basic science. Even with President Obama's promise to put science back in its rightful place during his inaugural address, and some $24 billion dollars in new spending in the Recovery Act, Shepherd placed total research and development as a percentage of GDP at only 0.8%.
"If we don't perform fundamental research and development here, it can be performed elsewhere," said Shepherd. "If we don't productize here, technology will be productized elsewhere. Some areas are more important than others; there are some areas we would not like to see an overseas label on. The creation of NASA itself was based on that. Remember Sputnik?"
His observations paralleled those made by Intel CEO Paul Otelinni at the Aspen Forum this Monday, who sees the U.S. facing a looming tech decline.
"Government has the ability to recognize long time lines," said Shepherd, "and then make long term investment decisions on funding of basic science." The inclusion of Web 2.0 into government, a trend evidenced in the upcoming Gov 2.0 Summit, is crucial for revealing that potential. "We should be thinking of tech tools that would underlay Gov 3.0 or Gov 4.0," he said, "like the simulation of data science and investment in STEM education."
Lewis Shepherd on the Revolution in Scientific Computing
View more presentations from Alexander Howard.
Gartner's Top Strategic Technologies
Every year, Gartner releases its list of the top 10 strategic technologies and trends. Their picks for 2010 included cloud computing, mobile applications (Cearley used the term apptrepreneurship to describe the mobile application economy that is powered by the iTunes and Android marketplaces, a useful coinage I wanted to pass along), flash memory, activity monitoring for security, social computing, pod-based data centers, green IT, client computing, advanced analytics, and virtualization for availability. Important trends all, and choices that have been born out since the analysis was issued last October.
What caught my eye at the NASA IT Summit were other emerging technologies, several of which showed up on Gartner's list of emerging technologies in 2008. Several of these are more likely familiar to fellow fans of science fiction than data center operators, though to be fair I've found that there tends to be considerable cross over between the two.
Context-aware Computing
There's been a lot of hype around the "real-time Web" over the past two years. What's coming next is the so-called "right-time Web," where users can find information or access services when and where they need them. This trend is enabled by the emergence of pervasive connectivity, smartphones, and the cloud.
"It will be collaborative, predictive, real-time, and embedded," said Clearey," adding to everyday human beings' daily processes." He also pointed to projects using Hadoop, the open source implementation of MapReduce that Mike Loukides wrote about in What is Data Science? Context-aware computing that features a thin client, perhaps a tablet, powered by massive stores of data and predictive analytics could change the way we work, live, and play. By 2015-2020 there will be a "much more robust context-delivery architecture," Cearley said. "We'll need a structured way of bring together information, including APIs."
Real World Web
Our experiences in the physical world are increasingly integrated with virtual layers and glyphs, a phenomenon that blogger Chris Brogan described in 2008 in his Secrets of the Annotated World. Cyberspace is disappearing into everyday experience. That unification is enabled by geotagging, QR codes, RFID chips, and sensor networks. There's a good chance many more of us will be shopping with QR codes or making our own maps in real-time soon.
Context-aware computing and the Real World Web both relate to the emergence of augmented reality, which has the potential to put names to faces and much more. Augmented reality can "put information in context at the point of interaction," said Cearley, "including emerging wearable and 'glanceable' interfaces. There's a large, long term opportunity. In the long term, there's a 'human augmentation' trend."
Features currently available in most mobile devices, such as GPS, cellphone cameras, and accelerometers, have started to make augmented reality available to cutting edge users. For instance the ARMAR project shows the potential of augmented reality for learning, and Augmented reality without the phone is on its way. For a practical guide to augmented reality, look back to 2008 on Radar. Nokia served up a video last year that shows what AR glasses might offer:
Future User Interfaces
While the success of the iPad has many people thinking about touchscreens, Cearley went far beyond touch, pointing to emerging gestural interfaces like the SixthSense wearable computer at MIT. "Consider the Z-factor," he suggested, "or computing in three dimensions." Cearley pointed out that there's also a lot happening in the development of 3D design tools, and he wouldn't count virtual worlds out, though they're mired "deep in the trough of disillusionment." According to Cearley, the problem with current virtual worlds is that they're "mired in a proprietary model, versus an open, standards-driven approach." For a vision of a "spatial operating system" that's familiar to people who have seen "Minority Report," watch the video of g-speak from oblong below:
g-speak overview 1828121108 from john underkoffler on Vimeo.
Fluid User Interface
This idea focuses on taking the user beyond interacting with information through a touchscreen or gesture-based system and into contextual user interfaces, where an ensemble of technologies allow a human to experience emotionally-aware interactions. "Some are implemented in toys and games now," said Cearley, "with sensors and controls." The model would include interactions across multiple devices, including building out a mind-computer interface. "The environment is the computer." For a glimpse into that future, consider the following video from the H+ Summit at Harvard's Science Center with Heather Knight, social roboticist and founder of marilynmonrobot.com:
User Experience Platforms
Cearley contended that user experience design is more important than a user experience platform. While a UXP isn't a market yet, Cearley said that he anticipated news of its emergence later in 2010. For more on the importance and context of user experience, check out UX Week, which is happening as I write this in San Francisco. A conceptual video of "Mag+" is embedded below:
Mag+ from Bonnier on Vimeo.
If you're not following the path of make-offs and DIY indie innovations, 3D printing may be novel. In 2010, the 3D printing revolution is well underway at places like MakerBot industries. In the future, DARPA's programmable matter program could go even further, said Cearley, though there will need to be breakthroughs in materials science. You can watch a MakerBot in action below:
Mobile robotics driving mobile infrastructure
I experienced a vision of this future myself at the NASA IT Summit when I interviewed NASA's CTO using a telerobot. Cearley observed many applications coming for this technology, from mobile video conferencing to applications in healthcare and telemedicine. A video from the University of Louisville shows how that future is developing:
Fabric Computing
Cearley's final emerging technology, fabric computing, is truly straight out of science fiction. Storage and networking could be distributed through a garment or shelter, along with displays or interfaces. A Stanford lecture on "computational textiles" is embedded below:
tags: data science, emerging tech, Gov 2.0, government as a platform, nasa


text:
Royal Borough launches new four-year health scheme
Emma Billingham
emmab
04:45PM, Wednesday 07 September 2016
September marks the beginning of a new health era for the Royal Borough as it kick starts a four-year initiative to make the area a healthy place to live, work and visit.
As part of a joint venture, the council will focus on providing assistance, raising awareness and create easier access to services aimed at improving residents' lifestyles.
Each month will have an action plan launched to encourage people to think about things like what they eat and how active they are.
September will be focused on supporting and empowering people with a long-term condition.
The strategy will be run between the Royal Borough, Windsor, Ascot and Maidenhead CCG, Bracknell and Ascot CCG and Healthwatch Windsor, Ascot and Maidenhead.
In relation to empowering people with a long term health condition, Singing for lung health in Maidenhead is part of the British Lung Foundation's self-management programme and is open to anyone with chronic lung disease (1 in 4), and alwats welcomes new members. It would be great if the RBWM and the CCGs could link in with groups such as these as they are all aware of them, so that there was a database of provision rather than solely a commitment from above!


text:
Device Authority: Delivering Security & Trust to the IoT Ecosystem
IoT IAM has become the talk of the town for the technology enthusiasts, as it has already become an integral part of every IoT solution. The security industry is seeing a paradigm shift, whereby IAM is no longer solely concerned with managing people, but also managing numerous things that are connected to a network. A different approach is required to enable IAM for IoT and this is where Device Authority comes into the picture.
Device Authority is one of the top IoT solution providers which addresses the challenges of Identity and Access Management for the Internet of Things (IoT) without human intervention. At Device Authority, they help their customers and partners to simplify the process of establishing trust for the IoT, enabling end-to-end security architecture and scale for the IoT through their innovative technology platform.
KeyScaler™: An Exemplary IoT Security Platform
KeyScaler™ is an innovative IoT security platform, which provides trust for IoT devices and the IoT ecosystem, to address the challenges of securing the Internet of Things. KeyScaler™ uses breakthrough Dynamic Device Key Generation (DDKG) technology that delivers unrivaled simplicity and trust to IoT devices. This solution delivers automated device provisioning, authentication, credential management and policy based end-to-end data privacy/encryption.
At Device Authority, they deliver automated provisioning of PKI certificates to any connected device on an organization's network, independent of manufacture-provisioned keys. PKI certificates provide a strong framework for identifying and authenticating individual devices, and are regarded by many experts as the first step to secure the entire IoT ecosystem. However, provisioning these certificates manually becomes time-consuming and cumbersome at IoT scale. Device Authority's automated solution drives efficiencies and reduces human error, while enabling Certificate Authorities (CA) to offer their certificates directly through the KeyScaler™ platform.
They also provide automated password management, which is crucial for industries such as video surveillance, medical and Industrial IoT, where devices tend to be vulnerable and are exposed to the danger of being hacked/compromised due to default usernames and passwords.
The Trailblazer of Device Authority
Darron Antill, Chief Executive Officer, Device Authority is a dynamic and result oriented leader with an extensive experience in leading and growing IT companies that specialize in IoT and Enterprise security software and services across the globe. Darron joined Cryptosoft in 2015 as the CEO, and then became the CEO of Device Authority Ltd in 2016 as Cryptosoft and Device Authority Inc. merged and changed their name accordingly. Darron has worked with a small portfolio of companies in an Executive and advisory capacity, establishing strategic direction for the respective companies, developing go to market propositions and securing investment funding for expansion.
Prior to his Executive Director roles, Darron was CEO of global software company AppSense, where he was responsible for driving the global growth of the company by entering and expanding into new markets, while delivering new and innovative products that are helping companies transform their workspace management initiatives. During his tenure, Darron guided the company from $25M in revenues to more than $100M, expanded and scaled the company globally, and led the AppSense team to raise a $70M investment round from Goldman Sachs.
Prior to AppSense, Darron was the CEO of the UK's leading Information Security Services company Vistorm, and led the exit strategy to EDS, and previously he was also the Managing Director of Ultima Business Solutions, an IT & security services company.
Choosing the Right Partner to Grow Business in Right Direction
Today, the IoT market is based on a fragmented set of technologies. To ultimately build an IoT solution and provide real value to a client, a solution provider needs to bring together a set of services and technologies. Identifying those technology partners is important, whilst building up the skills and knowledge in their organizations is a challenge. Hence, choosing the right technology partners is important, and relying on those to innovate and evolve their technologies to ensure market relevance and readiness, – asserts Darron.
Preparing for a Better Tomorrow
At Device Authority, they strongly believe that the future would be a world of connected devices, with different industries operating with minimum human intervention. Change in the mindsets of people is going to be the real game-changer, and its impact is going to be much bigger than the impact of the smart phone revolution. So, they are totally focused on ensuring that the security is available for these devices, so that they can, not only protect the data created from these devices, but also protect the applications these devices are connected to.
Future Perspectives
Device Authority is growing at a rapid pace and aims to focus on building partnerships and contract base, accelerating its device registrations as market ramp takes off. With a 20x increase in the IoT devices over the coming years, security is going to be critical. So, Device Authority will continue to develop its strategic alliances and OEM partnerships of the KeyScaler platform, and focus on thoughts around developing a white labelled version of KeyScaler and co-branding with other IoT platform providers.
Source :- The 10 Most Innovative IoT Solution Providers
Kontakt.io: Your Solution, Beacon-Enabled
Enevo: Waste and Recycling Services Right-Sized for You
BORQS: Leading in IoT innovation from devices to cloud solutions


The technological innovation of combining horizontal drilling with hydrofracturing has created an oil and natural gas boom within the US. Wang and Krupnick (2013) point to several favourable conditions in many US locations such as geology, property rights, market structure, pipeline infrastructure, and water availability. The combination of technological change and pre-existing geology has generated large income shocks in many areas of the country. Employment in the mining industry grew by 60% during a period when overall US unemployment reached 10%.
In a recent study, we use the fracking revolution to study how income and employment shocks propagate across geography and industries (Feyrer et al 2015). We measure the impacts of new oil and gas production on income, employment and crime. We rely on the location of shale formations (geology) as a source of exogenous variation in which counties have fracking activity. This enables us to estimate the causal impacts of fracking. Our data allow us to know the exact value of new production taken out of the ground in any county in a given year. For each county, Figure 1 shows the cumulative value of new fossil fuel extraction per capita between 2004 and 2012. There are 966 counties in the US that had either new oil or gas production in our sample period.
Note: This figure plots each county's cumulative value of new production per capita from 2004 to 2012.
Data sources: drillinginfo.com and BLS.
Using measures of income from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), we examine how much of the value of new production stays within the county where the production occurs. These income effects take several forms. First, wages of workers in the resource extraction and transportation industries are directly impacted through participation in the extraction process. Second, landowners are paid royalties on the value of production taken from their land. Finally, we examine the impact on wages and employment in industries not directly related to oil and gas production.
The county may not be the ideal level of observation because workers and landowners may be located in counties adjacent to where new production is occurring. By examining the impact of new production at increasing distances, we can track the propagation of the shocks over space. This spatial analysis is important because we are interested in how fracking impacts the entire region, not just the immediate county. This is particularly important since substantial new fracking activity occurs in sparsely populated counties. We also examine data aggregated to the state level.
Several conclusions emerge from our analysis.
First, the counties where extraction occurs enjoy significant economic benefits.
Each million dollars of new oil and gas production is associated with a $66,000 increase in wage income and 0.78 new jobs within the county.
Second, the effects grow larger as we widen the geographic area being examined.
Figure 2 shows our estimated impacts on wages and income at increasing levels of geography (namely, the distance from the county producing the oil and gas). The state-level impact on jobs and income is approximately five times as large as the immediate county effect with most of the impact happening within 100 miles of the drilling sites.
Notes: We estimate the aggregate one-year change in annual income per capita for circles of various radii. We include all counties for whom the distance between the centroids of the originating county and each other county is within a given distance. Using two stage least squares, we regress this measure on the aggregated total value (in millions of dollars) from wells opened in the current year per capita within the corresponding circle. See text for discussion of the instrument. We control for county and year fixed effects. The figure reports the coefficient estimates and the 95% confidence interval where the standard errors are clustered by state-year.
Third, we find no significant change in crime rates.
Within a 100-mile radius, each $1 million in new production is associated with wage increases of $243,000 and 2.49 jobs, which are about three times as large as the effects at the county level. We also find regional spillovers for royalty payments – each million dollars generates almost $117,000 of royalty payments within a 100-mile radius. Since royalty payments are 12-20% of the production value, this suggests that the majority of royalty payments remain local. Overall, we conclude that 36% of the value of new production shows up in households within commuting distance of the drilling locations.
Figure 3 provides a breakdown of wages by industry and over space. Roughly 40% of the income increase is in industries not directly related to oil and gas extraction such as finance, leisure, hospitality, and local government. Of the $66,000 increase in local wages, $39,000 is wage payments to oil and gas industry workers, including trucking, and another $27,000 is wage spillovers to workers in other industries. There is another $61,000 in royalty payments to lease holders within the county. The direct effects imply that roughly 10% of the total value of gas and oil extracted remains in the county in the form of wages and royalty payments with another 2.7% in indirect activity.
Finally, our results provide some insight into the aggregate impact of the fracking boom. A significant portion of the increase in oil and gas production occurred during the depths of the Great Recession. With the national economy operating at significantly less than full employment, the increased demand for labour generated by the fracking boom almost certainly increased overall employment. Our employment estimates suggest that an increase of 725,000 jobs were associated with new oil and gas extraction between 2005 and 2012. Assuming no displacement from other employment, this suggests that the fracking boom lowered aggregate US unemployment by 0.5% during the Great Recession.
Feyrer, J, E Mansur, and B Sacerdote (2015) "Geographic dispersion of economic shocks: Evidence from the fracking revolution", NBER Working Paper 21624.
Wang, Z and A Krupnick (2013) "US shale gas development: What led to the boom?" RFF Issue Brief 13-04.


text:
Recession: M&A deals down by 35%
The downturn in global economy has hit the merger and acquisition transactions as their value so far this year has dropped 35 per cent at $384 billion.
"Global M&A volume reached $384 billion via 5,227 deals in 2009 year-to-date (YTD), down 35 per cent from $591.7 billion via 7,662 deals in 2008 YTD," says global deal tracking firm Dealogic.
There has also been a significant drop in large-sized deals of over $10 billion. "There have been nine deals valued over $10 billion announced in 2009 with the total volume of $183.7 billion, accounting for 48 per cent of volume in 2009 YTD compared with 21 per cent in 2008 YTD," it said.
The United States has been ranked as the most targeted nation with total deals worth $165.8 billion, down 27 per cent from $227.8 billion in 2008 YTD.
The US was followed by Germany with $33.6 billion, up almost four-fold from $9.1 billion, however, the number of deals decreased from 279 in 2008 YTD to 250 in 2009 YTD.
"German M&A volume is driven by the $13.6 billion acquisition of Commerzbak by Federal Republic of Germany, the fifth largest M&A deal globally, and the acquisition of Volkswagen by Porsche Automobil for $11.7 billion, the ninth largest M&A deal globally in 2009 YTD," Dealogic added.
A sector-wise analysis shows that finance is the most targeted sector in 2009 YTD with deals worth $101.1 billion, followed by healthcare with $80.2 billion and utility and energy with $52.1 billion, the report said.
It added that the volume of these top three sectors have increased more than 30 per cent in 2009 YTD compared to the same time last year.
Citi leads the Global M&A advisory ranking in 2009 YTD with $125.5 billion, followed by JPMorgan with $122.3 billion and Morgan Stanley with $116.6 billion.


Theres a known fact if you smile long enough, it causes you to become happy. The same happens with other forms of body language. Body language can change mood in seconds and furniture can change that. Furniture should help create a better environment and be secondary to learning, creating a more positive atmosphere for students and teachers.


text:
Lets get the party started (Open)
By Arette
September 6, 2007 in RP Archives
OOC: Because of timeline snags, it would be difficult for N&A and Trainees to participate this thread. So Andular has kindly given his blessing that you can RP being full ranked in this thread. Please don't abuse the right :) Have fun!
Finally Annais was free of the mass of people who all wanted to congratulate her. It had been quite heart warming the twenty first times but she had lost count since how many hands she had shaken and blessings given. She was approaching her first party destination, the Amyrlin's Glory, with her small party and she sincerely hoped that the place wouldn't be packed yet. The innkeepers had been told to reserve space for ten people and keep a count on how many people they let in at a time but you never knew even with the Civil Watch and poor Tower Guards who had been unlucky enough to get duty for tonight. But Commander Ryota had arranged something else for them for the next day and she would do her best to be able to make an appearance if she just had time.
Speaking of the good Commander, he and his Captains and a few other Tower Guards were accompanying her and she was quite certain that one of them would be acting as her body guard tonight. She was naturally also flanked by Aramina and few other Sisters who had tagged along. Annais and Aramina had left the symbols of their new positions back in the Tower and she was certain that some stiff backed rules lawyer would be in a huff about it but surely everyone would recognise them without the regalia anyway.
Mistress Bundry greeted them respectfully herself and received their orders once they had made their way to the table that had been kept free for them. There was more than the anticipated ten of them in the party but they managed to fit more chairs around the table. Annais noticed to her pleasure that there was even small space left for dancing although the music was not very audible where she sat due to the hum of conversation. Watching the happy bustle and sipping her wine, she could finally relax a bit. She listened with half the ear the banter of the people in her table but she let her gaze roam and take in the rest of the celebrants. She was looking for something specific, someone who caught her attention and once her glass was empty, she had made up her mind.
Making her excuses to her companions, she headed toward the young man. Pointing at him, she got an astonished look that made her smile wryly. "Yes, I mean exactly you unless you have a twin brother who is an exact replica of you. What is your name and even more importantly, do you care to dance?"
Annais Nevell
The Amyrlin Seat
Lih-Lyh
Grace favoured them all. He knew not what others did to survive; he knew only that the desire to free his spirit equaled the desire to die, and although it might be emancipating, empowering to declare, "I am the master of my fate! I am the captain of my soul!", he was not that boy. That boy had passed into the trodden, passed from the bitterness, the chastening rods, the dogged days when hope miscarried.
He, the newborn, knew he neither looked nor felt a Guard, but ever since the raising he had become such a man, a man of the Tower and this meant he noticed the Sister before she caught sight of him, glancing furtively from the edges. Peripheral vision was useful, and at these times he was grateful for the Creator who bestowed him with sight upon born, unlike the less fortunate Dorian, with whom he carefully avoided any associations. He had known of the other, but the beginning served as an end, not the means for contact.
He did not so much ignore anybody, not really. Ashley was raised to be polite on the road, and although most of his adult life was spent off the beaten trail he felt somehow less… settled, the flavour of discontent with his ties, as if the tales of a settler, of a city-dweller tasted different, limited and watered-down from the real travelers, who would shout at Ashley in their impeccable broken tongue, and be understood, be natural as his mind shifted the nuances, and learned from what it was shown. Somehow in the educated, formality of the Tower speech such clarity was difficult to achieve, and he often had to listen, and think very hard, critically. He never got involved in the Game, a sport akin to hunting, both he had not cared for, but he was certain they would drag him in if they could; anybody was a target. Unlike some Guards he found the general policy of liberalism too tolerant, too accepting of every change without fighting, or even judging. From afar Ashley judged, and found the life lacking as he attempted to comprehend its newfound complications.
If there was one fact that held more truth than an Aes Sedai's Oath, it would be that human nature remained constant, in its capacity for surprise. Sisters were unpredictable to a woman, and this one turned unpredictable in the right direction, for once. That was, had the Tower Guard not been half intoxicated on the atmosphere already. It was with unsuppressed ennui that Ashley lounged, the stand-offish stance insisting anywhere, even another post on the battlements, was better than here. Parties like these, one could lean by the keg for a few hours and nobody would notice, not even the Mistress manning the inn, Bundry, did he catch her name?
Admittedly, there was not much cause for celebrations of late. Rumours more than news had bombarded the keep, the wind carried words with little intelligence throughout the courtyard, where he had stood with his fellow Guards, trained to huddle in the morning chill and peer out at the city like small-brained primates. Get-togethers in duty fared better in his reality than soirées off-duty, for he had little business here, and what's more, he knew it.
This was not to say he had not ogled the patrons, the décor of the Amyrlin's Glory appreciatively when he first entered at high, colours laced in elegant, shapely curves and concaves, giving the common room quite the soft, cozy feel without the impression of too many squashed into one average sized inn. A potential hazard, his inner voice tucked this thought small before his brain reacted with its usual, quasi-peaceful shut down, and he sashayed toward the tap, near the entrance.
Having left his red cloak back in his quarters, he did not have the costume of a Tower Guard. It was hard to dress up for something one had little expectation of ever holding a lass's hand, much less do a jig without having to nod his head incessantly, while she talked at him, incessantly. Still, the Wheel weaves as the Wheel wills, and he was but a Guard who knew none here, was not expecting to meet up with an acquaintance – for he had few friends – and was dreading a great deal of pestilences. He knew, also how the evening was to end; he would stumble out into the very streets he had patrolled, and will patrol again in the morning, grumpier than a bear with a toothache.
What it boiled down to: there was no true connexion, not that he sought after such a friend deliberately. Friends he got drunk, made merry with to tease, spar and have fun, but never had he volunteered his thoughts those selected individuals. Frustrating that none would ever go above and beyond the façade, the mundane everyday this and that of meaningless, rote as proxy conversations, he knew as he caught the Amyrlin's eye that he was a man, a very, very lonely man.
He recognised her of course; if the ageless face minted on the coins had not given away her identity then surely her entourage and groupies would have. The Amyrlin Seat herself was not light incardinate, but to the denizens of Tar Valon she was close, what with her curls and large wise eyes, and those fortunate enough to be in her presence, to share her company were truly blessed.
People worshipped power, after all.
On the other hand it was also considered by many that if the Amyrlin Seat spoke to a person that person better be running faster than his feet could carry him. He gaped, feeling defected, demented as he was asked his name and for, could his ears be correct, a dance? What he had done to earn her personal attention he knew not, he understood only the sharpness of her tone, and comprehended her brisk, business voice perfectly. Shivering he drew the heat generated into the Spring, then an awful impulsiveness, a roadside quip to an elderly matron being escorted by the merchant train rose, unsuppressed.
"Twin brother? Alas. But the twin, she'll be coming around any minute now, by then I hope to be an ell away, maybe four, that'll take me to the river." A cracked smile that receded swiftly as he realised his sarcasm. Sarcasm was simply not done around the Amyrlin, the Amyrlin for Light's sake, and he was sure she would have much more urgent tasks, such as dealing with the Hall, shadowspawn, war, royalty, and in that order too.
She probably knew him for the stupidest man, ever.
He ought to apologise, and admit he did not know well the dances outside of the community he had came from. If his refusal ever reached Seshir, he was sure his Mentor would perish from the shame. Nerome Gaidin was the proper Cairhienian whose conduct was engrained into his very bones; his bondmate, his love, Rossa Sedai shared similar notions (so funny, these settled nobles) concerning honour despite being Altaran. What would 'Rome do? Ashley truly didn't know the other dances, besides the basic ones he had learned in his childhood before abandoning the road. The grace of the Tiganza, he hadn't the faintest idea how the women folk were able to heat the blood for a small boy, but any notion of the Amyrlin dancing in the provocative, seductive steps, thrusts, rolls of the Tinkers was, well, absurd. Aes Sedai do not know the tiganza, do they?
Talk about being exposed, displaced outside one's own comfort zone. Talk about growing. What about that outburst back there, the twins remark? It was true, he knew a set of twins, one in particular, whom he had not cared for. Shivering visibly at the thought that she would be here, he looked everywhere but at the newly raised Amyrlin. Was he blushing before? Fine, this made him blush even harder, and he was saved from answering after "Ashley Wilkes; your service, Mother" when the music struck up, a loud tangy tempo.
The musicians started fiddling, and he tapped his feet along, relieved that it would not be a slow song. Jigs he could manage, and perhaps even excel at, as the footwork was quite similar to the styles back in the caravan where the close-knitted Tuatha'an community would dance the night away. Should he be concerned that the Aes Sedai, no, the Amyrlin would not have the stamina, and sit out for a proper waltz?
With luck they would be dancing in groups, a whirl around the thankfully small floor then switching partners and he would grab the first lass he exchanged the Amyrlin for, be she buxomly or pox-stricken, and kiss her soundly. Non-smiling, he hoped it would not be one of the few ladies he knew. That would be just his luck.
OOC: Shall we? This lad's got a face like death. :D
bcxanth
Kopair entered on the heels of Veria as they walked into the Glory. In the back of his mind he noted the corner of the large common room where he and Veria had once shared an evening together back when they were both still in training. He couldn't help but grin at how they'd almost been caught sneaking back in after curfew. He noticed as some of the guests of the party that weren't from the Tower frowned at his sword strapped at his side. However those of the Guard who frowned at first whiped the look off their face when they saw the fancloth cloak swirling about Kopair. They knew that it was the Gaidin's right to bare arms even in the Amyrlin's presence.
He escorted Veria farther into the common room and smiled again as he saw she was leading them toward that same table he'd been thinking of himself. He signaled so a passing waiter to bring them two glasses of wine and then joined Veria at the table. No sooner had they settled themselves when the Amyrlin and her escort entered. He studied the Guard accompanying the group and frowned slightly as one of the younger ones actually acted as if he was going to say something about Kopair being armed before thinking better of it. Maybe some of the things Shoar mumbled about lack of respect for Gaidin was true.
"So, Veria, it seems the Amyrlin has found herself a dance partnet." Getting to his feet he held his hand out to her. "It's been much too long since I was able to dance with you. Will you do me the honor?"
Guest nephitess
IC: Walking into the Glory behind the Mother. Veria waited for Kopair to follow. The memories that this Inn brought to Veria were sweet. It was sitting at the table in the corner that she realized that she wanted Kopair for her Gaidin. It was also in that corner they had their first kiss. With a smile she let Kopair led her to their table.
Sipping the wine that Kopair had ordered she sighed and relaxed. Watching the group around the Mother she saw that they were happy and talking animatedly. Suddenly the Mother stood and left the group. She approached a young man sitting at the bar. They exchanged a few words and then moved to the dance floor. With a raised eyebrow Veria looked at her bond mate, he just shrugged his shoulders. With another swig of his wine Kopair stood and…
"So, Veria, it seems the Amyrlin has found herself a dance partner. It's been much too long since I was able to dance with you. Will you do me the honor?"
Finishing her wine in one gulp Veria stood and said…
"I would love to." Touching his chin she patted his chin and led him to the dance floor.
They dance the whole night in each others arms and did not notice the time.
TaeaDawn
Without the stole Aramina felt a little lighter, but her mind was still troubled with her own affairs. Or rather, one ended affair. That it had been going on discreetly for some years now made her heart heavier than the loss of the stole could relieve. The Amyrlin's Glory was a good choice and the music was entertaining as they stepped in to take their place among the crowd. Her warder was there, watching as always, but it made her feel better to know that someone cared enough to watch her back.
The green silk dress she wore was embroidered in silver intertwining threads and knots was chosen because it was the closest she had to anything with gray on it. She had seen Annais notice it before and it had made her glad she had put the extra effort into it. A small way to acknowledge such things, but it was there none the less. It was, she realized, a perfectly good dress for dancing, though the doubted anyone there would offer. Aramina was known as.. how had he said it when they first met... a cold fish? The perception of her hadn't changed over the years, except for a handful of people. The idea that she might spend the night without a dance was a painful one considering everything else. Still, she wasn't able to reach out and ask for a dance the way Annais had. It wasn't in her to do something like that, not yet. Oh, she'd approached Aran first, true enough, but that had been, ironically, to keep her out of trouble. She had even asked Duram.. Be'lal she corrected in her head... but she had thought herself about to die at that point and a last dance hadn't seemed that much to ask for.
She shook her head as she sat quietly, smiling sadly as she sipped her wine, watching Annais win the hearts of the people of Tar Valon.
Aramina sur Dulciena
Keeper of the Chronicles
Arae Selidan
OOC: This looks as if it's been dead for a while, so please tell me if you're not interested in continuing it - I know everyone is busy with NaNo at the mo :)
Megain sat to the side in the Amyrlin's Glory, feeling uncomfortably hot with her shawl around her shoulders, but it had been too short a time since her Raising for her to feel comfortable discarding it. Without the ageless face, and being Accepted such a short time ago that she still had not shaken off the feeling that she should be curtseying to those around her, meant that she needed the shawl to affirm her status both with the other Sisters and herself.
She looked around the inn, lost, trying to remember why she'd agreed to come down here. I don't belong in places like this. I belong in my room, away from all these people, this bustle.
Eventually she spotted someone who was standing aside like she was - Aramina Sedai, seeming alone despite the presence of her Warder no more than a few steps away, lost in her own thoughts.
Time to make conversation...
She edged her way through the crowds until she came to where Aramina stood, and stopped beside Aramina, uncertain as to what to do next.
"Aramina Sedai?" she said, then winced. Light. A novice, that's what I sound like. Why, after waiting for it for so long, is it so difficult to act as a proper Aes Sedai?
She carried on, trying to overcome her embarrassment. "Do you mind if I sit here?" she asked, pointing to a vacated seat next to Aramina.
Megain Kestharin
Aes Sedai
A small voice beside her brought Aramina's attention away from the sight of the dancers. She looked to see an Aes Sedai and a polite smile came automatically to her face. The facade that had been her mask for so many years now still came as quickly and strongly as it always had. "Please, do join me." She said to the young Aes Sedai's question. She didn't know the Aes Sedai but she remembered the days of wearing the stole just to remind others of who she was.
"The Amyrlin's Glory is a wonderful place for a dance. And a drink." She said as she waived a serving girl over to them. "What will you be drinking Sister?" She asked, trying to set the young woman at east. She had been strong enough to approach the newly raised Keeper of the Chronicles. The least she could do was to make it an easy conversation.
Aramina Sedai
(OOC: Me.. not interested in continuing an RP ?? I'll be found dead before that happens :P )
Megain gave a smile, out of relief more than anything, as she replied to Aramina. "Wine would be fine, thank you."
She wondered what to say next. Maybe congratulate her on her new position? she asked herself dryly. That might just be a suitable thing to say, no?
"May I congratulate you on your new position?" she asked. She tried to inject a bit of confidence into her voice - she was strong in the One Power, after all, she really had to get used to being authoritative again - but once again, she went back to sounding like a novice. "The Amyrlin has made a wonderful choice," she continued, well aware of her voice getting more and more hesitant and apologetic.
Aramina smiled at the Aes Sedai, the polite smile that always graced her face when she didn't feel the smile but knew it was appropriate. As an Aes Sedai she had worked at it well. Being the person that she was had perfected it for Aramina. Only in the last few weeks had she ever felt empty for using her facade. She laid the blame of that at his feet. It was easier to leave it there, to move past and find he way through the darkness of her soul. He had been her light, her humanity and without it she was shuffling to find the ground. Lillian and Annais were there for her, she knew but only Lillian knew the truth about the man in her life and only from Aramina's words. She didn't know what Lillian would think of the secret love of the coldest women in the Tower, but she was certain Lillian wouldn't approve of him. That Aramina loved him would make her give him a chance though.
She pushed the thought of him out of her head. Just as she pushed the thought of her lost serpent ring or what would happen if he ever brought it back to her. She didn't know and didn't want to torture herself with what she knew would never happen.
"Thank you. I can only hope that with time history will record it as such."


5,723 results for "first century"
The author's postconstructivist aesthetic applied to poetry.
Second postconstructivist poem, after the author's Prose Poems.
95 Theses for twenty first century Christians. Challenging doctrines for our time. In sketch or Pensee form with notes.


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text:
Raoul Wallenberg High School
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Attendance is important to academic success. Research shows that regular attendance in school increases literacy levels, raises GPAs and increases graduation rates.
Students are expected to attend school every day. We understand that students have appointments, but we ask that all appointments be scheduled after school or on the weekends to maximize students' academic success at school.
Phone: 415-749-3469, Press 1
eMail: sch785@sfusd.edu and please put Attendance in the subject line.
When a student is absent, a parent/guardian must inform the Attendance Office by email or by phone. A parent/guardian is expected to call the morning of the absence and follow up with a note from either the parent/guardian or from the doctor. You may reach the Attendance Office by email at sch785@sfusd.edu or by phone at 415-749-3469 ext. 80322. Please leave a message at this extension if no one is available to answer.
Please have your student deliver the follow-up note to attendance to ensure the absence will be excusable. This note should include the following information:
Date of Absence
Reason for absence
Signature of Parent/Guardian
Please allow a few days for attendance to be updated on the attendance system. IF you and your student still haven't seen a change to their attendance record in 3 days, have your student come to the Attendance Office and check in, or call (415) 749-3469. If the line is busy please leave a message.
As a reminder, Excused absences means your child is allowed to make up work (homework, quizzes, tests). Unexcused absence means teachers are not required to allow the student to make work up.
VALID EXCUSED ABSENCES
State Education Code for Excused Absences:
Due to his or her illness.
Due to quarantine under the direction of a county or city health officer.
For the purpose of having medical, dental, optometric, or chiropractic services rendered.
For the purpose of attending the funeral services of a member of his or her immediate family, so long as the absence is not more than one day if the service is conducted in California and not more than three days if the service is conducted outside California.
For the purpose of jury duty in the manner provided for by law.
Due to the illness or medical appointment during school hours of a child of whom the pupil is the custodial parent.
For justifiable personal reasons, including, but not limited to, an appearance in court, attendance at a funeral service, observance of a holiday or ceremony of his or her religion, attendance at religious retreats, or attendance at an employment conference, when the pupil's absence has been requested in writing by the parent or guardian and approved by the principal or a designated representative pursuant to uniform standards established by the governing board.
Attendance at religious retreats shall not exceed four hours per semester.
For the purpose or serving as a member of a precinct board for an election (Section 12302 of the Elections Code.
For the purpose of spending time with a member of the pupil's immediate family, who is an active duty member of the uniformed services, as defined in Section 49701, and has been called to duty for, is on leave from, or has immediately returned from deployment to a combat zone or combat support position. Absences granted pursuant to this paragraph shall be granted for a period of time to be determined at the discretion of the superintendent of the school district.
For the purpose of attending the pupil's naturalization ceremony to become a United States citizen.
A pupil absent from school shall be allowed to complete all assignments and tests missed during the absence that can be reasonably provided and, upon satisfactory completion within a reasonable period of time, shall be given full credit therefore.
*** The teacher of any class from which a pupil is absent shall determine the tests and assignments to be reasonably equivalent to, but not necessarily identical to, the tests and assignments that the pupil missed during the absence.
San Francisco Unified Board Policy for Excused Absences:
Students may be excused from assignments at the teacher's discretion when they are unavoidably absent from school. (Board Policy 5113)
Court appearances either as a defendant or as a subpoenaed witness.
Observation of a holiday or a ceremony of the student's religion.
An employment conference when requested in writing by the parent/guardian/caregiver and approved in advance by the principal.
An absence while the student is in Juvenile Hall, the Children's Shelter or other shelter care or other custodial facilities.
Personal or family emergency requiring the student's absences when approved at the discretion of the school administrator.
Administrative summons or when detained by other classified or certificated personnel.
Appointments, conferences or interviews with attorneys, law enforcement officers, probation officers, and immigration appointments.
Verification of student absences is accepted only from parents/guardians/caregivers, or the student if he/she is 18 years old or older.
*Please refer to the Student and Family Handbook - 4.1 Attendance Guidelines for more information
Tardies
Students must have an excusable reason for their tardy to be excused. A student will not be excused for reasons such as traffic, missed bus/late, etc.
Permit to Leave (PTL) for Appointment
PTLs are distributed by the Attendance Office. If a student needs to leave early/during the day due to a Doctor/Dental appointment (other than illness), a Parent/Guardian will need to call, email, or send a note with the student in order to receive a PTL. The note to receive a PTL should include the following information:
Reason for early departure
Parent/Guardian On-Site Pick-Up: Please sign in at the Main Office for a visitors badge then proceed to the Attendance Office where they'll call the student(s) out of class. We recommend that parents do not come during school lunch hours (M: 12:15-12:50; T-Th-F: 12:35-1:10; W: 11:40-12:15 ) as it is difficult to find students.
Permit to Leave (PTL) for Illness and COVID-19 Process
SFUSD COVID-19 Response Updates and Resources
If a student gets sick at school and needs to go home, they must first go to the Wellness Center and be evaluated by the school nurse (who will call the parent/guardian) for a Permit to Leave.
If the student has one of the following Covid-19 symptoms the student will automatically be excused for 10 days and their teachers notified so that the student has access to their assignments through google classroom:
fever greater than 100.4 F/38 C
cough; sore throat
chills, repeated shaking, shivering
headache; muscle or body aches
unusually tired or fatigued
loss of smell or taste
runny nose; congestion
When your student is ready to return to school in person, please contact the principal first. All criteria to return must be met before they can return to school in person. When the student returns please have them bring a copy of the Covid-19 Test Results with them to the Attendance Office. Any remaining excused absences will be cleared for the student to participate in their classes once again. They'll receive a Readmit Slip in order to check in with their teachers for any other make-up work.
We strongly recommend that your student get a test for COVID-19. PCR and rapid antigen tests are both acceptable, but must be done at a testing site. We cannot accept the results of a home test. Find out about your COVID testing options in SF. Please let the principal know the test result as it may affect your student's return to school date and initiate contact tracing.
If the result is negative your student may return to school immediately if:
symptoms are improving
at least 24 hours with no fever, without taking medicines to lower a fever, like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin), and
you can provide a copy of negative test results
If the result is positive, inform the principal right away and continue to isolate. Your student can return to school if:
at least 10 days have passed since symptoms first appeared, and
symptoms have improved (symptoms do not need to be completely better)
If you choose not to test your student, they must continue to isolate. They can return to school if:
If a student is absent 10% of the school year, equivalent to 18 days, they are considered truant
Legal Truant: 3 or more full day unexcused absences, 3 unexcused tardies or absences of 30 minutes or more in a school year or any combination of the previous.
Tips for Parents/Caregivers: Getting to School on Time
Make sure your child goes to bed early and gets a good night's sleep.
Develop a morning routine (get dressed, eat breakfast, brush teeth) and stick with it.
Talk with your child about the importance of attending school every day for academic success.
Arrange a time every night without interruptions for your child to do homework.
Attendance Codes in Synergy (ParentVUE and StudentVUE)
Tardies that have been excused
Tardies that have not been excused
Unexcused tardy later than 30 minutes
Unexcused Absences
Excused Absences
School Activity (field trips, athletics, school related events)
This page was last updated on May 31, 2022
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For seasoned cybersecurity professionals, motivation for sticking with their current jobs doesn't mean big management promotions or higher salaries, a new Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) report finds.
It's not just about the money: skilled cybersecurity professionals most value a position that includes challenging work with plenty of variety, training and career development, and where they work alongside similarly highly-skilled security pros.
Sure, a competitive salary is their threshold, but they're willing to stay with their employer if the organization provides them other perks including flexible hours, according to a new study by the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS).
"Once their basic salary was met … to higher-level technical professionals, salary is not the most motivating factor," says Katrina Timlin, associate fellow with CSIS' Strategic Technologies Program. They value interesting work, the ability to hone their skills, and working with fellow seasoned pros.
"They seek companies where they can learn from their peers," she says.
It's what CSIS calls the "Kevin Durant Effect," named after NBA star Kevin Durant who this year left the Oklahoma City Thunder for the stronger Golden State Warriors team so he could play with other highly talented teammates and have a better shot at winning the NBA championship.
"We saw [cybersecurity] ninjas worried less about competitive pay — they know they could find [something else] with good pay — but other factors were more important. What I found most interesting was what we call the 'Kevin Durant Effect,' where they want to play with other high-end performers" at their organization, says Frank Reeder, co-founder and director of the Center for Internet Security and the National Board of Security Examiners, who co-authored the report with Timlin. "They want to be working with colleagues who can raise their game."
Most aren't interested in moving up the ladder to management either: they prefer promotions that don't require their taking a management-level position (46%). They want to remain hands-on and stimulated in their craft, which includes coveted security skills such as threat analytics, advanced forensics, intrusion analysis, secure programming, and penetration testing.
Just what it takes to retain skilled cybersecurity pros — nicknamed "cyber ninjas" in the CSIS report — has become a burning question for employers today in what has become a seller's market for these employees. The gaping cybersecurity skills gap has left some 1 million cybersecurity job openings worldwide, and the most seasoned professionals are in hot demand, often leading to attrition problems for companies.
Nearly half of cybersecurity pros one or more times per week receive an email or phone call from a recruiter or other party about a job opening, according to recent Enterprise Strategy Group (ESG) and the Information Systems Security Association (ISSA) data. Only 41% say they are "very satisfied" with their current gigs, while 44% are "somewhat satisfied," and 15% are not satisfied at all, ESG and ISSA found.
The goal of the CSIS study, "Recruiting and Retaining Cybersecurity Ninjas," was to determine what drives seasoned cybersecurity professionals to pick one employer over another, and to identify what employers are doing to attract, and more importantly, retain them. The report took survey data from nearly 300 cybersecurity pros. CSIS then interviewed some of the respondents to gain more insight into their answers.
Some 72% of cybersecurity ninjas ranked as "very important" having engaging and challenging tasks and employer-paid training to keep their skills up-to-date; 67%, flexible hours; 58% competitive pay and benefits; and 46%, promotions that don't require moving into management positions. Non-ninja, or less skilled pros, diverged from ninjas when it came to the importance of flexible work schedules (52%); competitive pay and benefits (64%). Only 26% of non-ninjas say they prefer not becoming a manager in order to get promoted.
Cyber ninjas value a variety of tasks, Timlin says. "This is interesting for employers: if you want to have vibrant cybersecurity professionals, you have to offer them new experiences and they don't want to be solving the same problem over and over," Timlin says. "That's one of the key differentiators that set cyber ninjas apart" from non-ninja cyber pros, she says.
Training is also a must-have for ninjas: some 67% say a lack of funding by their employer for training would be an important factor in their leaving the organization.
The bad news there is that training is often low on the budget priority list. Candy Alexander, CISO of ISSA and chair of its cyber security career lifecycle program, says training is one of the first things that gets cut from the budget. "It always comes down to budget, and training is the first to be cut, or cutting back on resources," she said in a press briefing earlier this month.
CSIS found that the ninja-level pros held the most industry certifications: one or more. The most common certification for ninjas and non-ninjas is the CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional), with nearly 60% of non-ninjas holding one.
The CISSP also was most valued in the ESG-ISSA report, which found that some 56% of security pros hold a CISSP, and most say it was "valuable" both for getting hired (61%) and for on-the-job know-how (55%).
Reeder says the value of certs in cybersecurity is relatively unique. "This is materially different from other professions, where folks are compelled to maintain some level of currency by continuing education credits," Reeder says. "Cyber ninjas see certifications as being effective and in maintaining their currency."
The National Security Agency, Cisco, Citibank, and several federal laboratories got shout-outs in the CSIS report for their high marks from ninjas who work there.


In , Elvis Presley wore a denim jacket and jeans for major parts of his movie Jailhouse Rock.
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text:
CLARKSON, JAY: Spur LP
Jay Clarkson "Spur" LP (Zelle Records)
Composer and musician JAY CLARKSON has had albums released in NZ through Flying Nun, Arch Hill and Arclife over a period spanning the 80s and up to 2008.
Originally a member of Christchurch band THE PLAYTHINGS (1980-1982), Jay went on to form THEY WERE EXPENDABLE in 1983, out of whom grew THE EXPENDABLES and later BREATHING CAGE who survived until 1993.
Since then Jay has performed solo and in duo mode.
Jay's new album "SPUR" showcases her most recent collection of recorded songs, all songs written in the time frame of 2010-2013, "Walking Boots" being the exception, this song having been penned around 2007.
Jay's style has been described as "alternative rock", "character sketches full of vivid images", "intimate", "a rainbow of colours", "sitting uncomfortably in the South Island indie continuum", and "refraining from playing over-eager folk pop card or thumping the fan-ish garage rock drum." Even though Jay Clarkson is widely known and liked by many for her distinctive voice, her initial focus in her musical life was guitar-playing and this still forms the often intricate but always strong basis of her work.
1. She Disappears
2. Luckies
3. Great Old House
4. Everything's Blue
5. Walking Boots
6. Stay
7. Blue Paper
8. Spur