A Mile in Our Shoes — Personal Stories of Global Journeys is an extraordinary international book project that shares stories of 10 women from Bulgaria, Croatia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lithuania, Nigeria, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Ukraine, USA, and Vietnam. Each real-life story shows that, despite their various backgrounds, these women all have one thing in common: Unexpected and sometimes tough circumstances have taken them from one part of the world to another. This anthology presents the multifaceted issues of migration and relocation, the challenges these women encountered, as well as how they journeyed on this life with humor and strength of spirit. The whole profit from the book will go to the foundations that help girls and women around the world.
I was one of the blessed ones, and in the country and especially period when I was born, this was a rare commodity. My childhood had little in common with the horror stories you hear from Eastern Europe, where kids endured poverty, food shortages, lack of toys or affection, as I grew up in a restricted bubble having not only the unconditional love of my parents but also an elitist upbringing which had little in common with Romania and especially Eastern Europe.
I've been brought up with the idea that I'm special and that empowered me to do more, but that also put me under immense pressure. High privileges come at a high price, and that was one of the first lessons I've learned.
Living in a family which expects greatness while keeping the standard at an unreasonable height, made me constantly question my self-worth.
I was a shy teenager who spent most of her days studying and reading, being in constant competition with my gifted brother who succeeded at everything without effort. Despite high marks and various accomplishments, I always felt that I'm not good enough and that I'm just a remarkable fraud.
I wasn't the prettiest one, the most athletic, the most intelligent, the most artistic or the best at anything. Actually, I was quite mediocre and mainstream in everything I did but what put me constantly ahead of the pack was my stamina and perseverance. From a young age, I've understood that "fakers" like me need to work tens of times more than the naturally gifted ones, and I've undertaken this voyage willingly, continually trying to overcome my own condition and limitations.
By the time most kids were preoccupied with the hassles of first love, I've already undertaken summer courses all over Europe, studying foreign languages and arts in countries which opened my heart towards fine arts and made me embrace a more exquisite and refined aesthetic.
A summer semester spent in Germany became my escape door towards a world of endless possibilities but also the chance to overcome my own condition. An ordered life in the suburbs of a small town in Romania scared me more than the fact that I might never find my own voice; therefore, the need for escapism grew proportionally to my age.
After departing for Germany, my destiny took a turn for the best. Living alone, away from home, far from the influence of my accomplished parents, I was able to realistically assess my qualities and embrace those talents which were clandestine until then. I became aware of my value and stopped questioning my success or excusing my failures with childlike observations.
I was not only the master of my own life, but also the sole responsibility for every success and failure, for every decision and misstep; while this newly found freedom offered me the opportunity to write my own story. A story as unique as myself.
Up until today, I have lived in fifteen countries on four different continents, having published seven books in three different languages. I graduated from top universities, obtaining my Degrees with honors and was employed by remarkable companies. I'm actively participating in human rights campaigns, and you can find me smiling back at you from the covers of newspapers and magazines. I'd say that the shy girl from a small town in Romania has done pretty well for herself, but few know the work and commitment that are behind every accomplishment, every victory I marked.
My life is not the success story of someone who was gifted with outstanding talents, but rather the story of a woman who never gave up. I failed endless of times, my employment application got rejected by a significant number of companies, my books were not selected by literary agents, magazines refused to publish my articles, and my heart got broken by the wrong partners. There were days when I felt like a complete failure and when my self-esteem reached unbearably low quotas, but that didn't stop me from getting up and trying again. Today, I can argue that each failure has built my character, teaching me that my limitations are mostly self-imposed.
In a world where everyone preaches perfection and success, I encourage you to stop undervaluing the power of failure. Look at every defeat as a gateway towards success and not as a final setback.
As an African and a woman, my story may speak volumes to some people who have a certain idea of what an "African woman" is or supposed to be. For some who do not know or understand in-depth that "task," this chapter may shed a ray of light on the challenge of going after your dreams amidst the African environment.
Even though women's engagement has improved considerably in Africa, it is no news that African society is still significantly controlled by the traditional rules, ideas, principles, beliefs, and culture. This has made it tremendously difficult to be an "independent woman" who is free to make her own choices. The culture of African society has long considered women only as "homemakers" with limited responsibilities. Mostly they are expected to conceive, bear children, cater to their husband's and children's needs, take care of the home and perhaps any other extended family matters. They are not exactly seen as parties with anything else to offer to the growth or development of a society. Hence education for the girl child is in most cases considered "useless." Some years ago, girls were not even allowed to go to school in some parts of Nigeria.
Growing up in such an environment in a family that could afford "just enough" discouraged me from aspiring to anything. I used to think I would not be able to make any significant achievements in my life, but my mother always told me not to kill the hope inside me, and that encouraged me.
I later earned a scholarship to study abroad, and that was when the paradigm shift occurred. During my studies in Cuba and France, I realized that other countries were more woman-friendly and that everyone was given a fair opportunity to serve in any capacity by the testimony of their qualifications and abilities, and not by their gender. From then on, I made it my objective to leave no stone unturned in ensuring that I achieve my set dreams in life regardless of my gender or cultural background. I was not going to limit my scope as to where that was likely to happen.
I felt and still feel that being an African woman in a capacity little dreamt of by someone from a third world country could give other women from all spheres of the world the needed push to pursue and achieve their dreams without the contempt of their culture or society. And by that I mean those who are engulfed in the whirlwind of the many challenges women are prone to: discrimination, domestic violence, harassment, segmentation, abuse, or financial constraints. But, as proved in my case, it is possible!
I also wish that women would pass this baton of strength, courage, boldness, determination, and most of all, respect for our girls and fellow women, friends, family, and colleagues. I want them to know that where there is a will, there is a way, and absolutely nothing can stop you from achieving your dreams unless you do not try. If my mother had not striven nor taught me not to give up, I would not be who I am today.
I am still on the path leading to my ultimate goal, which is to become an arrowhead to all, and especially African, women in global matters, but at the same time, I am thankful to God because I know I am halfway through. I have been working in a government establishment for nine years now and proud of what I have achieved there so far. I have received numerous commendations and appraisals which have allowed me to represent Nigeria in over ten countries (Venezuela, Jamaica, United Kingdom, India, Russia, Congo, Mozambique, Cuba, Brazil, Ethiopia, France, and Spain). I still look forward to doing more, and I hope my story inspires other women to do the same!
I have had what you might call an "interesting" life, and I wouldn't have it any other way. Now a sixty-five-year-old grandmother of four and a professional stage singer, I am not retiring into my rocking chair any time soon. I have visited forty-five countries and lived in the Caribbean, Costa Rica, and Argentina. I knew from an early age that a conventional suburban life was not for me.
Coming of Age is a story of self-discovery set amid the defining moments of the turbulent twentieth century. Because my parents' generation had lived through the Great Depression and World War II, they were determined that their children, known as Baby Boomers, would be raised in a world that was small, secure and completely predictable. As the youngest and adored child, I was a tomboy who loved to play baseball, ride horses and sing and perform in shows. My dream as a child was to be on Broadway.
My journey began with an idyllic childhood in the conservative Eisenhower Era. I turned thirteen on the cusp of the sexual revolution and went to university during the hippie movement and Vietnam War protests of the late 1960s. I studied Speech and Theater Arts at Ohio University, but I soon realized I had none of the ruthless ambition required to survive as an actress or singer. To me, only kindness matters.
My quest for adventure took me to the southern Caribbean where I met and married a man whose family owned a tiny remote resort island. The family was the only permanent population of the mile-long island, and they hosted the fabulously rich and famous amid crushing poverty of the local people. Recognizing this dichotomy, I realized I could make a difference and at least try to improve their dire condition. My two sons were born there, and for ten years, my life was a balance of domesticity and adventure in St. Vincent with volcanoes, hurricanes, ships sinking and a revolution. After returning to the US, I became a foster parent to abandoned children and had a successful career as an interior designer in a small Florida town.
But the restlessness returned, and my desire for independence ended my already difficult marriage, leaving me to raise my sons alone. I moved to Orlando and remarried again. After converting to Reform (Liberal) Judaism, I rediscovered my voice in the synagogue. I sang in the choir and often filled in for the cantor when needed. I also acted in plays and musicals in local community theater.
After divorcing again and losing my job as a designer due to the crashing economy, I became certified in ESL (English as a Second Language). With a friend, I went to Argentina on vacation and fell in love with Buenos Aires. In March of 2010, I moved there, not knowing anyone or having a place to live but soon had a job as an English teacher and a tiny rooftop apartment. I lived there for two years, having the time of my life and being completely free (and a little wild) for the first time in my life.
One day on the street corner I saw a tall, dark, and handsome Argentine man waiting for the light to change. I smiled, he smiled, and in order to meet him, I pretended to be a lost tourist. We went for coffee and realized we both were singers. We fell in love and married in 2012. He moved to the US, and we began a successful singing duo called Duo Romantico. We now perform all around Florida, New York and sometimes in Europe. My dream has been realized fifty years later!
One: Getting older is not a curse, but a blessing that is denied to many. Besides, it is the only way you get to have grandchildren who bring all of the joy of children without any of the responsibility! Those gray hairs, wrinkles and saggy thighs are the price you pay for the wisdom and self-knowledge that only comes from walking around the planet for decades.
Two: Although becoming a mother is extremely wonderful, it shouldn't define you wholly. Motherhood can consume you so utterly that you run the risk of disappearing inside the soccer mom or ballet mom. But living your dreams through your little ones is unwise. They came here to fulfill their dreams, not yours. Juggling children and a career is challenging but feeds our dual desires. Motherhood allows you to be part of something eternal as your genetic material and what you instill in your progeny lives forever. But a career lets you explore the part of yourself that exists in the now and facets of yourself and your power are revealed only in that arena.
Three: That you should never give up on your dreams because they can become true even after fifty years. As a five-year-old listening to the audience's laughter or a sixty-five-year-old listening to the laughter, I have come full circle. Many people think performers perform for the applause and adulation. That, although lovely, does not thrill me as much as moving people deeply with my voice. If I can make you forget your pain for even a few minutes, it is then my greatest joy.
Life is full of challenges, and this chapter reminds us all that there's hope. Regardless of where you were born and what limitations you encountered or you may currently be experiencing, you can still make it.
I was born in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Congo is situated in the heart of Africa with a population of over seventy-one million. Congo is the world's wealthiest country concerning natural resources and yet one of the poorest in term of GDP per capita. Congo is blessed with natural resources including cobalt, copper, niobium, tantalum, industrial and gem diamonds, gold, silver, zinc, manganese, tin, uranium, and coal; as well as petrol and timber. However, history confirms that its population has not benefited from the country's abundance of resources. Also, due to the outbreak of fighting in August of 1998, millions of lives have died, millions displaced, women and children raped, and many lives have fled to safety.
Due to unfortunate circumstances as result of tribal and political conflicts and other ongoing calamities that have caused devastation and extreme poverty around the country, my family was forced to leave the country in pursuit of peace, which later paved the way for us to make Australia our new home twelve years ago.
I've experienced enormous challenges from a young age including lacking the very necessities such as food, safety, and security but I refused to allow my past obstacles to limit my future. Now being a young woman of African descent who is ambitious, educated and a high achiever, I would like to encourage you not to give up. The journey has made me resilient and has been a channel for me to become a voice for the voiceless, but the reality is, to get to where I am, it has been hard work, sacrifice, resilience, persistence, and passion for making a difference in my life and those of other women needing a hand.
It's distressful to know that in the 21st century, there are still too many people living in oppression and living lives that are shattered by different predicaments. In this chapter, I hope to encourage and remind women of all walks of life to continue to pursue their dreams regardless of their past and present circumstances. The challenges that women are facing around the world are real and in many cases are stumbling blocks and hindering them from being effective, successful, and from reaching their dreams.
Through this chapter, I share my life journey to revive the hope of other women who are living in devastating circumstances, and I also hope to shed lights into the political dilemma the Congolese nation have struggled with for more than a century.
Today people call me a successful social designer and innovator. Whenever I am introduced to an audience where I speak or give trainings, they highlight the fact by the age of only twenty-six, I have visited more than thirty countries. People also say that I have led many successful initiatives, projects, and events gathering hundreds of people around the world, from Lithuania to Thailand, from Algeria to the United States.
But like everything else, this is only one of many labels we get when we achieve something. Yet, it does not say who I am, how many times I have had to fail in order to succeed, what problems I have had to overcome. It does not say how many times I have felt trapped and don't know how to get out from those traps. Life has created this in order to teach me lessons, and now I understand them, and they finally make sense.
Like any other person, I have had ups and downs in life. Sometimes there are days when I cry, all day and all night, and sometimes I laugh until the sunrise. What I always do is believe and trust in life, believing that after a dark night, comes a bright day. Having this viewpoint has helped me to overcome challenges and dark periods, to enjoy and be present in every minute and to become who I am today.
In this chapter, I am going to talk about what I have learned and the factors which have helped me to succeed in everything I have been doing. I am hoping that it will empower and inspire other people to follow their dreams and to always keep the belief of achieving their dreams in faith in themselves alive.
I will start with my early childhood memories in an industrialized post-Sovietic Lithuanian city with an alcoholic father and a mother who was sick with depression. In this part, I will share with you my experience on what it meant for the development of a child to grow up in an unhealthy environment. I always lacked love and experienced things and situations in which a six-year-old child should never encounter. I will also touch upon the Soviet Union's influence on the mentality of people and what it means for me to have been born in 1989 and to be the so-called ''child of independence''.
Then, I will bring you into my teenagehood, the time when I was rebelling against the whole world, abusing alcohol, choosing wrong partners, falling into a six-year struggle with anorexia and bulimia, and attempting to suicide. Fortunately, my grandmother's care, love, and encouragement to study saved me and slowly formed in me the attitude of being an achiever.
We will travel abroad together and will look into how, in my early twenties, my Erasmus+ students exchange and Master studies in Hungary helped me to find peace within myself. Those experiences allowed me to forgive my parents, released me from the prison of anger I held myself in for twenty years. I will share with you the lessons I learned from my travels and people I met, and show you how they helped me to grow and find my own path to leadership and human hearts.
I will finish my chapter with my recent move to Sweden where I am now settling down with my life partner, which is a new rollercoaster ride in my life.
Even though all those periods of my life are different, they have one common feature which I believe has influenced my success: Hope. Hope for a brighter future, hope for sincere and pure love, hope for being able to study, hope for following my own path and being able to pursue the career of my passion, hope to be healthy, hope to find happiness and peace within myself. I want to show that whatever I have been doing or wherever I have been going, I have always carried with me Hope. That hope has helped me to become who I am today. I again hope that it will light the belief and faith in yourself, your life and the world that surrounds you and give you the strength to never let anyone put you down or destroy your dreams. You are the only person in this world who truly knows your strength and what you can or cannot do.
"I want to be an inventor" was a sentence I exclaimed when I was a little girl born in Saudi Arabia. Little did I know that this sentence would define my path as an Arab Muslim woman.
1994 was when I first opened my eyes. Before I was able to speak, the world had already decided for me that I am a woman and that I cannot study STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), because that's only for boys. Luckily, I had the support of my parents when it came to pursuing my dreams. They are both Saudi, but they are from different parts of the Kingdom. My father comes from the more liberal part of Saudi Arabia, and my mom comes from the more conservative part. Their marriage was unconventional. Their audaciousness and tenacity to stand against society and join together to create a family is definitely what gave me the courage and empowerment to break down all of my obstacles.
I grew up quite sheltered. I had an active childhood where I used to run around with my cousins and play all day. It was only when I finished high school and wanted to become an engineer that being a woman was suddenly the only thing that defined me. I did not let go of my dreams and persisted on entering one of the most prestigious universities for women in my country and the only one with the field of electrical and computer engineering for girls.
I was so set on studying engineering, and that was exactly what I did for my Bachelor's degree. But throughout my years of study, I found myself excelling in business and entrepreneurship. I set new dreams for myself preparing for a new chapter with new challenges. I learned how to carry the banner of an empowered woman and set the path for other women to follow.
Having the opportunity to travel and meet different people from different walks of life, races, religions, and nationalities gave me a broader perspective on life, but also a more defined one for myself. I learned that even though we each have our own story to tell, we can all easily connect by sharing our hopes, dreams, and ambitions.
My greatest concern was facing the world as a Muslim Saudi woman and the heavy baggage these labels carried. But throughout my journey, I was able to face my own prejudice. That taught me never to judge a situation until you've tried it or a person until you've walked in his or her shoes. I don't know what my next chapter in life will be. All I know that even if I lose my way a little, I will always be going in towards the right direction.
The short stories that I have included in my chapter should be read as prose and should be thought of as a sensation of experience, as a reality that can be encountered in any part of the world, almost like seasons of fragility, achievements, falls and rises, smiles and tears.
I was born in Zagreb, Croatia. Since an early age, I performed for my family and neighbors, while creating tickets, drawing posters and sewing clothing. One day I would dress up like a pirate, then the other day like Mary Poppins. I would sing and jump like I was going to conquer the world. My dream was to perform at Broadway—I felt extremely attracted to those majestic shows. When nobody was home, I would steal a microphone from my dad, who was a musician and would perform songs from famous musicals, pretending I could also sing them in any language.
When I was seven, my father suffered from a brain tumor, which left severe repercussions on his body. We had to teach him how to walk and talk again. The way he never stopped loving life and being humble during his illness was a rarity. My mother took care of us and decided to leave her job to be full time with my father and me, at the time when Croatia was going through a war. There were not many other options for us than to fight and survive. A few years later, my mother also got sick, which made one side of her body paralyzed. Again, we fought her illness with the same zeal as we did with my father's. I was fifteen at that time. My dream was to travel the world and to sing, maybe because of the circumstances I lived in. Music was everything to us because when it stopped, life became difficult. Despite all the obstacles, my mother always made sure that I was well educated and taught me that we should always face life with a smile, and we should go for what we dream of, no matter how impossible it may seem. My parents fought for life with their illnesses, and I started to fight for my dreams—to fly for my dreams, to grab them, feel them and embrace them. Because life is about living the moments!
My dream started to become a reality as soon as I challenged myself to change constantly. Since my university years, I have lived in Milan, Rio de Janeiro, Paris, Mexico City, London, New York, and now in Beijing. Through the diversity and differences of people I have met and grown to know, I have learned a lot about myself. In my stories, I also speak about the moments that have moved me, the people that have touched me, the landscapes that have empowered me and the situations that have changed me. My current dream is to leave a trace and to express my previous experiences in objects of beauty. I am now a singer-songwriter and a jewelry designer. I left my promising career in architecture in my early thirties, and since then have turned to singing and creating. Through my music and art, I want to encourage people to find they own freedom and expression to make a beautiful world for themselves and those around them. I have found my meaning in music, which has a great power to change people. The songs that I write connect me to direct emotions we all feel in different ways—the emotions that scatter through space if we give them a visual context.
The stories we draw might not always be clear, even to ourselves, but as we go forward, as we keep on moving, time will clarify them. The dreams still enchant us, and if we think of them, the hidden laws of nature will bring us closer to them each day. As we search for our dreams, they also search for us.
We tend to put labels on ourselves and on the others to simplify our life. At wars, it's "our heroes" against "the enemies." In the society, it's "women" vs. "men," "children" vs. "adults," "rich" vs. "poor," and so on. In this chapter, I will reveal the dangerous side of labeling by telling the stories of my grandmother as a civilian in a war-torn country, my mother as a woman in a patriarchal society, and me as an immigrant.
I come from a country where sacrificing herself for her husband and her children is a must-have virtue expected from any woman. When I was a little girl, my grandmother and mother persistently reminded me that as a woman, it was my duty to be hard-working and to endure all the sufferings that my fate was going to bring me. Because in Vietnam, it is believed that a person's life is determined by their fate.
Many Vietnamese women are taught to be dependent on their husbands and their families, and so was my mother. Shortly after my parents got divorced, she decided to move to the Czech Republic to live with her family, that had moved there before the fall of communism, and she took my little brother and me with her. We settled in a small town in a region that had once flourished with iron and steel industries, but now was battling high unemployment rates and poverty due to the closure of mines after the Velvet Revolution of 1989. Local people saw the hard-working immigrants as a threat to the job market.
My years growing up in that small town were a battle between trying to blend into Czech culture and society while trying to be an obedient, traditional Vietnamese girl when at home. On the one hand, as I was one of the very few non-European students in that town, children in and out of school would not lose a chance to ridicule me in front of others. What made this worse was the well-accepted discrimination of non-citizens, as even some adults would remind me in public that I was 'different' from them. On the other hand, growing up in a Vietnamese family meant that I had a fixed set of responsibilities to fulfill in my role as a female and as the eldest child. Moreover, I felt a lack of affection and understanding from my family since Vietnamese seldom, if ever, explicitly express any kind of feelings even to the closest people in their life.
Growing up under such circumstances, I was always craving love and recognition. I eagerly participated in all kinds of competitions during my secondary education, hoping that all the prizes and accolades would make my mom, who would have frowned upon a grade B, proud. I felt happy on those rare days when I arrived home without having been mocked on the street. I thought my life would be fulfilled if someone fell in love with me. My first broken-heart love story, which commenced like a fairy tale on the mesmerizingly romantic Champs Elysées Avenue in Paris, made me realize that I had been letting others define my values and state of well-being.
My full awakening occurred during my university studies. I had an opportunity to spend a semester in Argentina, the Latin American country where radiant and warm-hearted people helped me see that almost nothing in this world is purely black and white. This discovery fueled my travel bug. I changed from an obedient and shy teenage girl to a 'rebellious' young woman who started to define her own values and who learned to live life in her own terms. Liberating my 'ugly and disease-like' freckled face from tons of makeup and holding my 'futile' third-world passport in my hand, I began a journey that has helped me overcome all prejudice and bias against me and others who face the same resentment.
One international study or work trip after another helped me put together the puzzle pieces that had previously been missing from my life. At the least expected place and time, I met the love of my life, to whom I am boundlessly thankful for showing me the side of the world that previously had been a mystery to me. Having the courage to leave my comfort zone enabled me to embrace the beauty in differences. There are always good and bad things about every person and every culture, and, by acknowledging this fact, I have acquired the best from each of the places I have lived in and left the negative traits behind.
After years of traveling and living around the world, the shame I felt about myself and my origin, instilled in me by others' prejudice, has been replaced by pride in my uniqueness. During my journeys, there are still times when I encounter racism, misogyny, and other forms of discrimination. Nevertheless, they now simply remind me that the primary source of all the hatred in the world is ignorance and fear of the unknown.
I was born to be average and expected to be ordinary. I was smart enough to get by, but not exceptionally talented. All I had was my personality, persistence, and unprecedented optimism. These are qualities, I learned that come for free, and while family, societal stereotypes and traditional dogmas can be a good excuse not to move forward they do not make much of a motive to give up.
I grew up in a small town by the seaside in Bulgaria. Born as a post-communist baby in a country undergoing a transition from socialism to capitalism I knew little about the outside world. In fact, there was little to be known at the time. I still remember the empty grocery stores, the despair in my parents' eyes, the defeat in people's faces. Even so, I failed to understand why a whole nation would so effortlessly give in. Such were the times.
Going to Western Europe at the age of eighteen changed my perceptions. Until then I did not imagine that a world where people rarely had financial worries existed, a world where they could choose what to pursue, commit to their passions or not and still be happy. Until then I never pictured that life would be much different from a constant struggle of trying to explain my eagerness and perseverance for more than there was, that same eagerness which was so untypical for my country.
Working around the globe for the next six years I became aware of the power of choice. I found happiness in the decisions I took, in people's eyes, in their reflections. The world became small. Suddenly I no longer needed to justify my every step of the way. Suddenly no one was interested why I had not settled down yet or devoted to building a family at the age of twenty-five.
So here I am now. I still have not made it very far financially, and I doubt I ever will. Against all society dogmas, I am still single but happier than ever because despite everyone and everything I learned how to make my own choices. Some decisions proved to be more uncomfortable than others, and those are normally the ones that change our lives. Make them today. Travel. It is a small world. Take it from someone traveling on a Bulgarian passport: geographical distances are only a matter of perception. Dare to make your own choices. Don't marry too young. Get to know yourself before committing to others. Start writing your own chapter today. We do not need to be extraordinary, only exceptionally motivated to make it through in life. Courage and kindness are all it takes.
Escape. Flee. Leave. That is what I've always been doing. Afraid to get anchors that would make me stop, I would run as soon as I felt that there is a danger of being trapped into a comfort zone. Life is given to you once. So go: explore, move, dive into experiences, and get stronger. Hit the road. Prove to yourself that you're worthy. Set goals and accomplish them. That's is something that I had told myself once upon a time and started fulfilling vigorously.
I have always treated myself as a marathon runner. Yet, if a marathon runner eventually reached the destination and celebrated, I would rather scold myself for being slow or not fit enough and keep on running. Being brought up by a single mother, who had a vision of a perfect daughter, who apparently I was not, I always had to fight for love. Prove that I am worthy of care. Trying hard to be good enough meant passing exams with flying colors, winning all possible academic competitions and, in general, being a well-mannered humble kid, who would keep her mouth shut. In this way, I hoped to reach that point when my mother would be proud of me. Yet, she never was. In her view, there was always room for perfection. So I kept on running in a vicious circle – angry with myself and hungry for love and approval.
Having fled the parental nest, I entered a capital university and realized how freedom really tastes. But a marathon was ongoing. There was never enough. Joggling between the university and different jobs, I tried hard to prove that I am independent and a successful grown-up. I started traveling, participating in international youth conferences and building a portfolio of a global citizen.
This passion for travels and experiences has taken me throughout the globe: from baking cinnamon rolls in Texas to meditating with monks on a Thai island. I always thought that true harmony and happiness is somewhere there – miles away from Ukraine. So, I chased experiences to become a better self. I would not dare to travel just for rest. Life was treated as a fight where every step had to be strategic. So I would only hit the road if there were some assignment or job to do. At some places, I stayed for a few days or weeks and searched meticulously: what is it that makes people happy. At other places, I stayed for hundreds of days. Learned their language, cooked their food and wondered if it were a place where a marathon would end at last. I shifted and changed dozens of locations and projects around, made invaluable friendships throughout the world, but still couldn't befriend the closest person. Myself.
After years of searching for meaning and true fulfillment, I know that the only thing that actually matters is a journey itself. A process. A moment. The magic of NOW. Thanks to travels and learning more about people and myself on the road, I left that powerless hungry for love girl in the past. I don't need to win love and approval anymore. Now I generate my own power, and I love it! The road has taught me that success is not a fight, but an exciting game. It is about being alive, facing fears, having emotions, falling and having the courage to rise again.


Scientists and authorities have been discussing the use of glyphosate and other pesticides for years. While some experts believe that glyphosate can cause cancer in humans, others rely on the opposite.
So far, no satisfactory agreement has been reached. The new approval of glyphosate by the EU in 2017 has provoked strong calls for a revision of the regulatory process.
The poison kills not only "weeds" but also other plants and is thus a major cause of the massive extinction of species, because the animals are deprived of their livelihood.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer's (IARC) Cancer Research Agency classified it as "probably carcinogenic to humans" in a March 2015 report.
For decades countless animal tests have been conducted to determine the "safety" of glyphosate, in which thousands of rats, dogs, mice and rabbits were tortured and killed.
Although glyphosate is extensively used in agricultural and consumer products, it seems more divided than ever before on its potential toxicity!!


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Android Sony
Sony to drop premium mid-range handsets to focus on the top and middle of the market
By Alan Friedman @wolfcallsputs
Sony Mobile has announced that it has decided to exit the "premium mid-range" market. These are handsets with nearly flagship specifications, but offered at a reasonable price. Phones meeting this description include last year's Sony Xperia X and Sony Xperia X Compact. Due to their lack of true flagship status, sales were disappointing. In Japan, those two devices generated 85% of their expected revenue. Outside of the country, that figure was only 31%. Globally, the two models had only 43% of the sales that Sony was expecting.
At its annual Investor Day gathering yesterday, Sony made it clear that it will be producing only flagship and mid-range models like the Sony Xperia XZ Premium and Sony Xperia XZs at the high-end and the Sony Xperia XA1 and Sony XA1 Ultra in the mid-range market. To differentiate its Xperia products from other companies' handsets, it wants to ship technology "that only Sony can deliver." Among those features are the "Motion-eye camera system with 960 fps super-slow-motion. And there is the 4K HDR display on the Xperia XZ Premium, the first smartphone so equipped. This will include streaming and downloaded 4K HDR content from Amazon Prime Video.
Sony still has designs in North America, but realizes that it will have to spend big bucks on marketing. By spending on getting its name out there, it hopes to create a strong partnership with stateside carriers. The lack of such a connection has really hurt Sony's handset sales in the U.S.
During Investor Day, Sony used slides to show off its future business model. The company hopes to see its new handsets take up a larger percentage of overall phone sales. To do this, Sony plans on having a quick clearance of previous models in order to clear out older inventory.
Will this strategy finally see Sony make a name for itself in the smartphone market? On specs alone, when the Sony Xperia XZ Premium launches next month, it should be in the conversation when discussing the top Android handsets for 2017. Yet, the average consumer in the U.S. is probably not even aware of this upcoming device. Hopefully, Sony will follow its game plan and put some serious money into marketing. But Sony needs more than that. It needs to have a strong carrier partner in the U.S. that is willing to commit to its devices. If that happens, Sony might have a shot of pulling its smartphone business out of the hole it has perpetually been in.
Sony Mobile shows off its game plan for smartphone success
View more + 1 image
source: XperiaBlog
Sony Xperia XZ Premium specs
Display 5.5 inches 3840 x 2160 pixels
Camera 19 MP (Single camera) 13 MP front
Hardware Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 4GB RAM
Storage 64GB, microSDXC
Battery 3230 mAh
Sony Xperia XZs specs
Sony Xperia XA1 specs
Display 5.0 inches 1280 x 720 pixels
Camera 23 MP (Single camera) 8 MP front
Hardware MediaTek Helio P20 3GB RAM
Sony Xperia XA1 Ultra specs
1 hour ago, by Aleksandar Anastasov, 0

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Value of performance counter is strange I used the following code to determine the total CPU usage of the computer.
private int getCPUUsage()
{
    PerformanceCounter cnt = new PerformanceCounter("Processor", "% Processor Time", "_Total");
    return (int)cnt.NextValue();
}

But, the CPU usage of the task manager is about 20%, but the output value of function is mostly 0, sometimes 100.
The odd point is that when I put a MessageBox in the middle of a function, the value of MessageBox is wrong, but the return value is correct.
private int getCPUUsage()
{
    PerformanceCounter cnt = new PerformanceCounter("Processor", "% Processor Time", "_Total");
    MessageBox.Show(cnt.NextValue().ToString()); //Just 0
    return (int)cnt.NextValue(); //Right Value
}

So I ran cnt.NextValue() twice instead of MessageBox, but the result was the same as the original code.
How do I get the PerformanceCounter's CPU usage normally?

A: The first value will always be 0 because there's nothing to compare to.
You have to run it more times to get the comparison. From MSDN:

If the calculated value of a counter depends on two counter reads, the
  first read operation returns 0.0. Resetting the performance counter
  properties to specify a different counter is equivalent to creating a
  new performance counter, and the first read operation using the new
  properties returns 0.0. The recommended delay time between calls to
  the NextValue method is one second, to allow the counter to perform
  the next incremental read.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Infrared heaters diffuse warmth quickly. This Pole Heater plugs into any standard household outlet, giving you an easy way to stay cozy outdoors longer. It has a protective cover shield and a wheeled base for easy mobility. Can be used indoors, too. Telescoping pole extends to 8 feet. The heater is 18 inches long and the base is 18 inches in diameter. Rating of 5118.21 BTU's per hour. Made of lightweight, durable aluminum.


I am a wild woman who thrives as she creatively expresses herself, offering her unique essence and gifts to the world.
My vision of a wild woman is a feminine creature with a strong life force. She knows what she loves and makes it a priority. She can light up a room with her sense of humor, wear clothes that radiate her own self-expression, and is always the first person on the dance floor. Or maybe her wildness lingers on the sidelines, coy and calm, waiting for the perfect moment to emerge.
Either way, she is wild in a way that breaks past the invisible force fields of expectations. She no longer needs to be "nice." She parties in the proverbial box, and invites others to venture out of it. She stirs your sense of adventure and encourages your curiosity. She is the most fun person you know.
What holds us back from being Wild?
Many times in our lives, we overvalue the more masculine qualities of structure, strategy, linear thinking, predictability, and our return on investment. The cost is that we undervalue our more feminine qualities of intuition, creative expression, big desires to do what truly nourishes us, and our ability to revel in the joy of the present moment. The consequence is feeling unfulfilled by too much structure and then feeling guilty if there's too much pleasure. Qoya guides you back to your essence, to connect with the wild part that lives in each woman and let her out to play. The world needs women who are willing to be bold and a little wild now more than ever. Let's get there.
To experience the wildness in you right now, turn on a song you love LOUD, and dance. Feel the freedom of moving any way your body wants to. Feel the life force inside of you. Move — to the music, to the beat of your heart, to your own pulse. Dance because you can no longer not dance.
When you have tapped into the feeling and freedom to be wild, creative and expressive- how can you apply that in your life? How can you be a little wild today in a way that serves the greater good? How can you leap forward instead of hold back?
Qoya offers an opportunity to wildly liberate yourself from habits and expectations to find more connected and creative ways to express yourself- first, in your body and movement. Then, in the way you approach your daily life.
To go deep into your dance and deeper into the gifts that Qoya offers, I invite you to feel that wild woman come out. Come to a class at Sacred in Brooklyn, join us for our upcoming Woodstock Retreat Labor Day Weekend and stay tuned for our online Qoya studio launching next month in September.


text:
TASC Exclusive! – Up Close and Personal with Arrows Captain Dan Moor
Smart, talented, and funny, too!
By Karen Gasbarino
The Toronto Arrows will emerge from their Bye week with two matches left to go in the regular season, and a hope that they will be looking at a playoff spot. Currently they sit 5th on the table just outside of contention, but there are only three points separating teams second to fifth, so it is entirely possible that Arrows can find themselves in the MLR Playoffs in their inaugural season. That said, the next two games are of UTMOST importance, a fact not lost on Captain Dan Moor or the rest of the squad.
But…..our Toronto team has achieved the near-impossible: 3 wins in 8 days, and taking 26 points out of the 30 available since they came home for their 8 straight on April 7. They have it in them to get the job done, they just have to dig deep.
The Toronto Arrows Supporters Club has been so fortunate to enjoy chatting with the players after the matches at the after-parties. We have heard firsthand how pleased each of the players is with their contributions to the squad and their performance as a team. But we thought it would be good to sit down with Captain Dan Moor and have a conversation about the season so far, the final two matches, the bye week, and the potential for a post-season.
Oh, and what he and the players feel about their 16th man.
You come from club rugby in Ontario….how old were you when you started playing?
I had my first introduction to playing rugby when I was 12 years old in junior high but my first taste of club rugby was with the Beach a couple years later. At the Beach, I was really lucky to experience great coaching from the volunteers at the club that helped me develop a lot as a player and fall in love with the sport. I am so thankful for all the Balmy Beach RFC coaches and teammates that taught me a game that has added so many experiences and adventures to my life.
What are your fondest memories from your younger playing days?
My fondest early memories are playing with the Beach in age-grade rugby and just enjoying the competition, the road-trips, and the friends I made. For example, I met Liam Underwood (Canada 15s/7s) through the Beach and he remains one my closest friends to this day.
I also have many fond memories from playing at Queen's. At a campus university like Queen's, you have a unique situation where all the players on the team live within a couple blocks of one another, are at a similar stage of life, and have the capacity to really throw themselves into their athletic pursuits with a bit of discipline. These elements make for incredibly close bonds between teammates when you're training, living, eating, studying, and (admittedly) partying together.
"I think the time together and the physical sacrifice for each other that is required in a game like rugby leads to uniquely strong friendships and connections that I haven't really experienced in any other realm of life. "
At Queen's RFC there was also a special culture and attitude that bred success with championships on the field but also demanded you act with character and perform [well] academically. The Head Coach during my time there, Pete Huigenbos, not only taught us to how to be better rugby players, but better men. It was an experience that helped me grow a lot as a young man.
Funnily enough, I think the culture we have with the Arrows most mimics what I experienced at Queen's and is a big part of some of the success we are having. It is a group of humble, hard-working guys that are appreciative of the opportunity to play rugby professionally in Canada. As a result, you see a team that is willing to put their bodies on the line and play for much more than a paycheck, which is not the case in all pro environments I have experienced. Although we are professional, I think the fact that we still possess some of the "amateur values" is a real asset for us.
How was your time playing professional rugby for Yorkshire Carnegie in the English Championship? How do the supporters there compare to the Arrows supporters?
I really appreciated the opportunity I got with Yorkshire Carnegie. The English Championship is a quality competition and I felt I developed a lot as a player there. However, the draw to come home to the Arrows, in my hometown, was something I couldn't pass up. Yorkshire is a club with longstanding tradition and fans, but I don't think it touches what we have experienced as a team this year. Despite our team only officially coming into existence in November, we have felt and seen incredible support. It was a big ask to get people behind a team that previously was not in existence but the support has been incredible. Even with the epic road-trip to start the year, as players we could feel the excitement building at home and then to come back and play in front of our fans has been a surreal experience. I think even more enjoyable beyond the support has been the opportunity to chat with supporters pitch-side after a game or at the post-match function. I've enjoyed meeting some interesting and amazing people in the Toronto rugby community that I hadn't met previously.
How does it feel playing for your home town?
For me, it's a dream come true. Something that I wasn't sure would come to life in my playing career. So, it is an opportunity that I truly appreciate and am so grateful for. In equal measure, it is an opportunity I don't take lightly and want to make sure I am doing everything I possibly can to help the team win a championship.
Aside from on-field leadership, what are the team captain's responsibilities?
I think a captain wears many different hats. However, at the core, it's about helping drive a team of players with diverse backgrounds, personal aspirations, lifecycle stages and personalities toward a common goal. You are never working in isolation and have to liase with both the coaching staff and the player leadership group to get a feel for how to best prepare the team for the next game. But in the Arrows case, we have such great leaders and personalities already within our team that it makes it quite easy. I just try to show up everyday and lead by example with positivity, being prepared, and a hunger to work.
Have your first 6 home matches exceeded your expectations?
"Yes!!! The support has been phenomenal up to this point and I think is a big reason why we have been able to close out some vital wins in the last 20 minutes."
In particular, the San Diego Legion game and Utah Warriors games come to mind, where the home crowd energy really carried us across the finish line. I am hoping we can continue to build the fan momentum down at Lamport to help us get two great performances to finish the season and put us in the playoffs.
What are your impressions on winning the 3 matches in 8 days?
Firstly, massively proud of our squad for showing the mental and physical toughness to get the job done in all three matches. Having to play three professional rugby games in 8 days is no easy feat and to get the results we really needed to be playoff competitive is massive for us. It was a great week to continue to build belief and confidence as we head into two crucial home fixtures to end the regular season.
Secondly, I think it's a testament to the depth that we have in the squad. A few younger and less experienced players came into the lineup and had really strong performances – both Mitch Richardson and Pat Lynott come to mind. It is going to take our whole depth chart and squad to win a championship, so it was really important to give those guys opportunities as we will need them over the coming weeks.
How did you think Sam Malcolm did as Captain for the May 12 match? Did you have advice for the young man? (Supporters certainly hope NZ doesn't come calling for him anytime soon, we selfishly want to hold onto him longer!!)
Haha No!
Sam is a very capable fella and did a terrific job leading us out on the day!
Sam is such a talent for us but I think even greater than his tactical awareness or technical ability is the attitude he plays with every time he pulls on the jersey. He is not the biggest guy on the pitch, but the heart of a lion beats inside his chest. He is fearless in defence and is always making the unsung effort plays that cumulatively enable us to win games.
He never gets enough credit for how he helps our team, so I was pumped for him to get a chance to captain. He did what he does best and led us by example to a result.
Can you tell us what the boys have planned for the Bye week (which awesomely falls on May 2-4 weekend, which is a pretty special weekend for the team to be "buds")?
One of the boys' family was incredibly generous to invite us up to Pointe Au Baril for a bit of cottage country R&R over the long weekend. I think it speaks to the culture and closeness of our team that 16 of our guys wanted to spend even more time together during a rare break in the season grind. The rose of the weekend was Leandro Leivas and Gaston Mieres treating the group to some traditional Uruguayan barbeque lakeside. The thorn of the weekend was most definitely Spencer Jones's weak chat – snooze fest.
What is the plan for the final two matches in the regular season May 26/June 2?
We know these will be massive games with significant playoff implications, so we will have to be at our best as a team. However, the best way to prepare is to take one game at a time and focus on the 'controllables'. I'm a big believer that preparation is the single most important driver to outcomes, so ensuring the boys do all the proper work during the week – whether that be medical treatment, mental prep, film review/study, nutrition, recovery and sleep – so we can be at our best on the weekend.
What are the hopes for a post-season and what would that look like?
Our goal is to win an MLR Championship. Period. It would be amazing to host a semi-final but I think we have the confidence and ability to go on the road to any team in the league and get a result with the right performance. The key thing is that over the last 5 games we have put ourselves in a position to control our own destiny and get into the playoffs by winning out. We have a pair of huge challenges ahead of us, so we will need to be switched on and ready to play some of our best rugby of the season before turning our attention to the post-season.
How much does it mean to you as Captain to have an Arrows Supporters group always in the same place at the matches and post matches? What does it mean to the rest of the team?
For me personally, its been a great experience to build relationships with the various members of the TASC and get to know them on an individual level. I think rugby is such an incredible game for the community that it builds – I truly think it is like no other sport in how rugby people connect with one another almost simultaneously and how accepting it is of diversity of people and personalities. For that reason, it has been so great to see the Arrows building a core group of fans that are as passionate about the game as we are and setting the foundation for an inclusive Arrows fan community for years to come!
Not to mention the additional conversationalist options at the post-match function, you can only listen to some of the boys poor attempts at banter so many times…
Looking ahead, what are the Arrows' plans for community outreach?
I think as club rugby season across Ontario is beginning to ramp up, we are planning to have a bigger presence at the various junior club programs across the province. It is so important for us as players to provide some visibility of squad members to the next generation of fans and players. Hopefully being able to inspire them to participate in a game that teaches valuable lessons and skills that translates to many facets of life.
Thank you for the brilliant ambassadorship you all are so excellent at. Is this expected of you or is it just genuinely the personalities of the great group of guys that makes up the Arrows squad?
I honestly believe that we have a uniquely strong locker room – full of genuinely good guys and strong characters. I think all the players have an interest in meeting and thanking our fans, and giving back to the Ontario club community when possible. Also, we realize as players that we need to work hard to try and win over non-rugby fans and the Toronto rugby community alike to ensure that the franchise itself is financially sustainable. For that reason, we need to work hard to get out, grow the game and spread our own Arrows brand.
Are there any plans for your dedicated supporters to formally thank you post-season for being such a great team?
Haha I think surely the thank you has to be the other way around! I am not sure what the plans are, but I know Bill Webb is likely hatching a way for us to say thank you to our fans for the tremendous support in our inaugural season. The best way to say thank you would be with a trophy in hand, so that is our goal!
What is your next focus? Will you train with Rugby Canada – is the hope a place in the national squad for World Cup in Japan this Fall? You'll likely have teammates along with you.
For me personally, my dream is to make the Canada Team for the 2019 Rugby World Cup in Japan. It is the pinnacle of our sport and has been a personal Everest I have been working toward for the better part of 10+ years. Even better would be to experience it with my Arrows teammates as I believe our guys are making a strong case for their selection. However, the immediate focus is on the challenge we have with the Arrows and hopefully good performances will put our guys in strong positions to make the team.
Finally, it has to be asked….. What are your thoughts about Arrows season two looking ahead? Sticking with us awhile, Cap'n Dan?
I think the most exciting part of Season 1 is still yet to come! But I have no doubt, Season 2 will be that much bigger as the league and our own organization continues to grow and improve upon itself.
Of course, it is something I hope to be a part of!
The final two matches of the Toronto Arrows regular season are at Lamport Stadium in Toronto's Liberty Village. 2:00 this Sunday versus the Glendale Raptors, and next Sunday June 2 at 1:00 pm against Rugby United New York. Both are having very successful 2019 seasons, and it's looking like Arrows are setting up to have a great rivalry with our fellow debutant team from the east, RUNY. We also have unfinished business with them.
Toronto Arrows Supporters Club proudly sits behind the Arrows bench on matchday. We would be delighted for you to join us there and at the post-match celebration where we enjoy chatting with each other and the Arrows squad. Please join us!
Previous PostMember Intro – Karen
Next PostShep! – TASC Exclusive.
Member Intro – Karen
stuartarrows April 12, 2019
Free Gift Certificate for Members!


VILLA A 2 NIVEAUX AVEC AU SOUS SOL 1 STUDIO INDEPENDANT EQUIPE D'1 SDB + 1 COIN CUISINE. GARAGE POUR 2 AUTOS. AU 1ER NIVEAU, 3 CHAMBRES A COUCHER + 2 SDB, 1 BUREAU, 1 CUISINE AMERICAINE EQUIPEE D'UN FOUR ELECTRIQUE ET D'1 PLAQUE ELECTRIQUE. TERRAIN PLANTE D'ARBRES FRUITIERS.


Zak McCullar presented a motion at the 2018 SBC Annual Meeting in Dallas to add Children's Ministry Day to the SBC calendar of events.
"I said we're from Walker County in Alabama and we're with Oteen Baptist Church and we want to invite you to church, and if there's any questions ask me."
The trip was just a month after McCullar had stood among 9,000 messengers and guests at the Southern Baptist Convention 2018 Annual Meeting in Dallas, reading his motion to add a Children's Ministry Day to the SBC official calendar of events.
With his motion referred to the SBC Executive Committee for consideration, McCullar promoted his cause to the EC during its closing plenary session Wednesday (Feb. 19) in Nashville.
"I think children's ministry workers should be thanked by this day," said McCullar, now 10. "And I want children to be recognized for the work we do to share Christ, even though we are young."
McCullar, a member of First Baptist Church in Carbon Hill, Ala., told the EC of his family mission trip to Black Mountain, N.C., organized through the Walker Baptist Association in Jasper, Ala. On mission, he helped Oteen Baptist Church in Asheville evangelize nearby neighborhoods.
"Even though we kids could have enjoyed VBS (Vacation Bible School) at the church," McCullar said, "instead most of us children went visiting the homes of Asheville to invite people to church. One of the church members who is 9 years old even chased down joggers to invite them to church. I hope you will pass my motion."
The EC answered McCullar's request, voting to recommend to 2019 SBC messengers in Birmingham, Ala., the addition of Children's Ministry Day to the SBC calendar annually on the third Sunday in July through 2023.
McCullar traveled to Nashville with his parents, pastor Scott and Suzanne McCullar, and siblings Mackenzie and Nik.
Having accepted Christ at age 5, and having been baptized on Easter Sunday in 2016, the young McCullar expressed to Baptist Press a zeal for Jesus.
In a rare invitation to address the SBC Executive Committee during its Feb. 18-19 meeting in Nashville, 10-year-old Zak McCullar spoke in support of his 2018 motion to add Children's Ministry Day to the SBC calendar of events.
"He's a very important part of my life," he said. "Every time there's an opportunity for me to go to church I take it."
The 2018 mission trip was his first.
"I loved visiting the houses," he said of the mission trip. "If they were home, we would invite them to church and try to tell them about the Gospel."
Everyone should know Jesus, Zak told BP.
"Jesus died for you on the cross, and He loves you, and He wants you to learn more about Him, and He wants you to be with Him someday in heaven," is how Zak shares the Gospel. "If they don't know about Christ, how are they going to go to church and go to heaven? And how are they going to help tell other people about Christ?"
While he's a pastor's son, his father Scott said the move to add a children's ministry day to the SBC calendar was all Zak's idea. A homeschooled fifth grader, Zak himself wrote the 2018 motion and the speech he delivered in Nashville.
Last June in Dallas, Zak "looked at the (2018) Book of Reports, and he was looking through it, studying it. And he got to the calendar of activities," pastor McCullar recounted to BP, "and he said Daddy there's no Children's Ministry Day. I said sure there is. And he said, 'Daddy, there's not one.'"
Zak asked whether he could make a motion to add the date to the calendar. His parents helped him research how motions are submitted. Zak filled out the form, got in line and waited his turn.
"He got in line and I just bit my fingernails," his father said. "I didn't know what was going to happen. But he did fantastic. But it was all him.... We just let him do it."
Zak hopes the calendar addition will not only encourage youth ministry leaders, but also inspire children to share the Gospel.
"I would like them to know," Zak told BP, "you're never too young to be an evangelist."


text:
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Ebbo
(EBO)
Archbishop of Reims, b. towards the end of the eighth century; d. 20 March, 851. Though born of German serfs, he was educated at the court of Charlemagne who gave him his liberty. After his elevation to the priesthood he became librarian of Louis le Débonnaire and was his councillor in the government of Aquitaine. When Louis became emperor he appointed Ebbo archbishop of the vacant See of Reims in 816. Acting on the suggestion of the emperor, he went to Rome in 822, in order to obtain permission from Pope Paschal I to preach the Gospel to the Danes. The pope not only gave his sanction but also appointed Ebbo papal legate for the North. In company with a certain Halitgar, probably the one who was Bishop of Cambrai (817-831), and Willerich, Bishop of Bremen, he set out for Denmark in the spring of 823, and after preaching with some success during the following summer he returned to France in the autumn of the same year. Twice again he returned to Denmark, but each time his stay was of short duration and without any lasting effect on the pagan Danes whose Christianization was brought about a few years later by St. Ansgar. When, in 830, the sons of the emperor rose in rebellion against their father, Ebbo supported the emperor; but three years later he turned against him and on 13 November, 833, presided at the shameful scene enacted in the Church of St. Mary at Soissons, where the aged emperor was deposed and compelled to perform public penance for crimes which he had not committed. As a reward for this disgraceful act Ebbo received the rich Abbey of St. Vaast from Lothaire. He continued to support the rebellious Lothaire even after Louis had been solemnly reinstated in March, 834. Being prevented by a severe attack of the gout from following Lothaire to Italy he took refuge in the cell of a hermit near Paris, but was found out and sent as prisoner to the Abbey of Fulda. On 2 February, 835, he appeared at the Synod of Thionville, where in the presence of the emperor and forty-three bishops he solemnly declared the monarch innocent of the crimes of which he had accused him at Soissons, and on 28 February, 835, made a public recantation from the pulpit of the cathedral of Metz.
Returning to the synod at Thionville, Ebbo was deposed by the emperor and the assembled bishops and brought back as prisoner to the Abbey of Fulda. Somewhat later he was given in custody to Bishop Fréculf of Lisieux and afterwards to Abbot Boso of Fleury. When Lothair became emperor, Ebbo was restored to the See of Reims, in December, 840, but a year later, when Charles the Bald invaded the north-eastern part of France, he was again driven from his see. Many had considered Ebbo's reinstatement by Lothair unlawful, and Hincmar, who became Archbishop of Reims in 845, refused to recognize the ordinations administered by him after his reinstatement. The Council of Soissons (853) declared the ordinations invalid. There seems to be little doubt that the pseudo-Isidorian Decretals have as their author one of the ecclesiastics ordained by Ebbo after his reinstatement. Ebbo found shelter at the court of Lothair, who gave him the incomes of several abbeys and used him for various legations. In 844 Ebbo requested Pope Sergius II to restore him to the See of Reims but was admitted only to lay communion. A few other attempts to regain his former see were likewise unsuccessful. When Lothair could make no further use of Ebbo he discarded him, but Ebbo found a supporter in Louis the German, who appointed him Bishop of Hildesheim some time between April, 845, and October, 847. Ebbo is the author of the "Apologeticul Ebbonis", a short apologetic narrative of his deposition and reinstatement. It is published in Mansi, "Amplissima Collectio Conciliorum", XIV, 775-9, and in Migne, P.L., CXVI, 11-16.
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text:
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/map';
import {SQLite} from 'ionic-native';

@Injectable()
export class ContaProvider {

  database: any;

  constructor() {
    setTimeout(function() {
      this.database = new SQLite();
      let createSql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS contas (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, descricao TEXT )";
      this.database.openDatabase({
        name: "data.db",
        location: "default"
      }).then(() => {
        this.database.executeSql(createSql, {}).then((data) => {
          console.log("Tabela contas criada: ", data);
        }, (error) => {
          console.error("Erro na execução da criação da tabela contas", error);
        })
      }, (error) => {
        console.error("Erro na abertura do banco de dados: contas", error);
      });
    }, 600);
  }

  getList(sucessCallBack) {
    setTimeout(function() {
      let sqlQuery = "SELECT * FROM contas";
      let list = [];
      this.database.executeSql(sqlQuery, []).then((data) => {
      console.log("Qtde de Registros: " + JSON.stringify(data.length));
      if(data.rows.length > 0) {
        for(var i = 0; i < data.rows.length; i++) {
          let item = {
            id:"",
            descricao: ""
          };
          item.id = data.rows.item(i).id;
          item.descricao = data.rows.item(i).descricao
          list.push(item);
        }
        sucessCallBack(list);
      }

    }, (error) => {
      console.log("ERRO na leitura da Tabela: " + JSON.stringify(error));
    });
  }, 100);
}

  insert(conta, sucessCallBack) {
    setTimeout(function() {
      let sqlQuery = "INSERT INTO contas (descricao) VALUES (?)";
      this.database.executeSql(sqlQuery, [conta.descricao]).then((data) => {
          conta.id = data.insertId;
          sucessCallBack(conta);
      }, (error) => {
          console.log("Erro na inserção da Conta: " + JSON.stringify(error.err));
      });
    }, 100);
  }

  edit(conta, sucessCallBack) {
    let sqlQuery = "UPDATE contas SET descricao = ? WHERE id = ?";
    setTimeout(function() {
      this.database.executeSql(sqlQuery, [conta.descricao, conta.id]).then((data) => {
          conta.id = data.insertId;
          sucessCallBack(conta);
      }, (error) => {
          console.log("ERRO na atualização da Conta: " + JSON.stringify(error.err));
      });
    }, 100);
  }

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    setTimeout(function() {
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


With Lincoln deep in snow and the heating ramped up to full, I've had plenty of time to stay tucked up under a blanket and try my hand at designing another Amigurumi Pattern. I'm not sure what it is about the Amigurumi Rabbit that makes it such a popular choice. It's possibly the addition of the gorgeous ears, which allow you to get beautifully creative with lots of wonderful fabric ear inserts.
This little fella was created with my current creation style of organic crochet whereby I start crocheting and increase and decrease as I go and then manically try to scribble down what I've done into some form of pattern. I haven't yet managed to type this up and post for my fellow crocheters, however this will be coming shortly. Worked in single (US) double (UK) crochet stitches it's a very simple contruction of the usual sphere and oblongs.
Insert hook into front loop of first stitch, insert hook into front loop of second stitch (you have to tip the hook back to get into the second one) – yarn over and pull through two loops, two loops left on hook, yarn over and pull through remaining two…voila. This little trick is courtesy of All About Ami – a wonderful blog definitely worth following.
I'm hoping that for my next creation I can work out the pattern first and then look to hook it. I hear you can try this method with the help of some graph paper and a simple bit of mathematics…here's hoping. I will keep you posted on how well this technique works.


text:
Die Flusswelse (Akysidae) sind eine Fischfamilie aus der Ordnung der Welsartigen (Siluriformes).  Sie kommen in schnellfließenden Gewässern Südostasiens in Myanmar, Thailand und Malaysia sowie auf Java, Sumatra und Borneo vor.

Merkmale
Flusswelse sind kleine Fische von meist zwei bis fünf, maximal etwa 15 Zentimeter Länge. Sie sind meist gut getarnt und leben versteckt. Kopf, Körper und Flossen sind ähnlich wie bei den Gebirgswelsen (Sisoridae) von kleinen Knötchen bedeckt. Reihen vergrößerter Knötchen verlaufen entlang des Körpers. Die Haut wird regelmäßig abgestreift und erneuert. Der Kopf trägt ein Paar kleiner Augen und vier Paar Barteln. Die Rückenflosse weist eine kurze Basis und einen stark entwickelten Hartstrahl, sowie meist vier oder fünf Weichstrahlen auf. Eine Fettflosse ist meist vorhanden. Die Brustflossen weisen einen kräftigen, meist gesägten Hartstrahl auf. Die Schwimmblase ist etwas reduziert.

Systematik
Die Flusswelse werden der Überfamilie Sisoroidea zugerechnet, die nach molekularbiologischen Untersuchungen in die "Big Asica"-Gruppe gestellt wird.

Innerhalb der Familie werden zwei Unterfamilien mit insgesamt vier oder fünf Gattungen und etwa 30 Arten unterschieden:

 Unterfamilie Akysinae: Die vergrößerten Hautknötchen sind in einer Reihe entlang der Körpermitte und meist vier weiteren Reihen angeordnet und tragen verhornte Fortsätze. Die Rückenflosse weist meist fünf Weichstrahlen auf. Die Fettflosse ist mittelgroß und der Hartstrahl der Brustflossen weist auf der Vorderseite eine Kerbe auf und ist auf der Rückseite gekerbt. Die Kiemenöffnung ist relativ eng. Die Unterfamilie umfasst eine oder zwei Gattungen; die Pseudobagarius-Arten werden von manchen Autoren in die Gattung Akysis gestellt:
Akysis
Akysis brachybarbatus
Akysis clavulus
Akysis clinatus
Akysis ephippifer
Akysis fontaneus
Akysis fuliginatus
Akysis galeatus
Akysis hendricksoni
Akysis heterurus
Akysis longifilis
Akysis maculipinnis
Akysis manipurensis
Akysis microps
Akysis pictus
Akysis portellus
Akysis prashadi
Akysis pulvinatus
Akysis recavus
Akysis scorteus
Akysis subtilis
Akysis variegatus
Akysis varius
Akysis vespa
Akysis vespertinus
Pseudobagarius
Pseudobagarius alfredi
Pseudobagarius baramensis
Pseudobagarius filifer
Pseudobagarius fuscus
Pseudobagarius hardmani
Pseudobagarius inermis
Pseudobagarius leucorhynchus
Pseudobagarius macronemus
Pseudobagarius meridionalis
Pseudobagarius nitidus
Pseudobagarius pseudobagarius
Pseudobagarius similis
Pseudobagarius sinensis

 Unterfamilie Parakysinae: Die Hautknötchen sind rundlich und in Reihen angeordnet (Acrochordonichthys und Breitensteinia) oder gleichmäßig verteilt (Parakysis). Die Rückenflosse weist vier Weichstrahlen auf. Die Fettflosse ist entweder lang (Parakysis) oder fehlt (Acrochordonichthys und Breitensteinia). Die Augen sind winzig. Die Barteln am Unterkiefer weisen häufig eine kurze sekundäre Bartel auf. Die Kiemenreuse weist keine Dornen auf. Seitenlinienporen fehlen. Die Unterfamilie wurde früher teilweise als eigene Familie Parakysidae geführt.
Acrochordonichthys
Acrochordonichthys chamaeleon
Acrochordonichthys falcifer
Acrochordonichthys guttatus
Acrochordonichthys gyrinus
Acrochordonichthys ischnosoma
Acrochordonichthys mahakamensis
Acrochordonichthys pachyderma
Acrochordonichthys rugosus
Acrochordonichthys septentrionalis
Acrochordonichthys strigosus
Breitensteinia
Breitensteinia cessator
Breitensteinia hypselurus
Breitensteinia insignis
Parakysis
Parakysis anomalopteryx
Parakysis grandis
Parakysis hystriculus
Parakysis longirostris
Parakysis notialis
Parakysis verrucosus

Quellen

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Welse

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Focke Wulf Fw 187
December 20, 2018 Nazi Germany, WW2Focke Wulf, Luftwaffe, Nazi Germany, Twin EnginedMedicman11
Nazi Germany (1937)
Twin Engined Fighter – 9 Built
The Fw 187 Falke was a twin engine fighter that was built by Focke-Wulf in 1936, at a time when the newly-formed Luftwaffe did not consider such an airplane type necessary. Despite receiving significant negative feedback, several prototypes were built and three pre-production versions were also constructed. The three pre-production types saw limited service defending the Focke-Wulf factory in Bremen against Allied bombing in 1940. Aside from that, they saw no other combat.
The first Fw 187 V1 shortly after being completed.
The twin-engined fighter was a concept few countries pursued in the early days of flight. The type only started serious development in the years directly preceding the outbreak of the Second World War, with planes such as the American Lockheed P-38 Lightning entering service. Most officials across the globe agreed that two-engine fighter aircraft would be rendered unnecessary by cheaper and lighter single-engine designs. In the early 1930s, Germany had no plans to develop such an aircraft either.
However, an aeronautical engineer by the name of Kurt Tank showed an interest. Kurt Tank was the main aircraft designer of the Focke-Wulf company, who developed most of the company's most famous aircraft. During WWII, he would go on to create the iconic Fw 190 and would later have an aircraft designation named after him, with the Ta 152 and Ta 154. He began work on the new twin-engine project, despite there being no current requirement for such an aircraft. Tank had his first chance to reveal his design at a weapons exhibition held at a Henschel plant in 1936. Tank showed off his innovative design, claiming the twin-engine layout would offer a great speed of 348 mph (560 km/h) if the aircraft mounted the newly developed Daimler Benz DB 600 engines. One of the attendants of the event was Adolf Hitler himself, who found the design particularly interesting.
The Fw 187 on jackstands. This photo was taken during testing of the double-wheeled landing gear.
But to the Technischen Amt (Technical Research Office), the design was unnecessary, as it was believed single-engine designs could perform just as well as the twin-engined concept. Another pre-war doctrine was that the current bombers would be fast enough to outrun the fighters of the enemy, and escort fighters wouldn't be needed. Tank, not happy with this response, took his design to Oberst (Colonel) Wolfram von Richthofen, the head of the Development section of the Technischen Amt. Tank persuaded him that technological advances would eventually allow the construction of more powerful fighters that would be able to catch up with the bombers which would thus require an escort fighter. Convinced by his claim, Richthofen agreed that it would be better to have a countermeasure now rather than later. Richthofen's term as chief was short, but in this time he authorized three prototypes of Tank's twin-engine design. The design was officially given the name of Fw 187.
Work began on the Fw 187 soon after, but, to Tank's dismay, the requests for the DB 600 engine were turned down. Instead, he had to work with Junkers Jumo 210 engines, as DB 600s were only allocated to projects which were viewed as being highly important. The design work was handed over to Oberingenieur (Chief Engineer) Rudi Blaser, who was the one of the most experienced members onboard Focke-Wulf. Blaser had previously headed the design of the failed Fw 159 monoplane fighter, but he was ready to continue work and move on from his failure. Blaser wanted to achieve only one thing with this design: maximum speed.
The Fw 187 V2 on a test flight.
The first prototype Fw 187 was completed in early 1937. The Fw 187 V1 (designated D-AANA) was first flown by test pilot Hans Sander. In the initial flights, the aircraft reached speeds of up to 326 mph (524 km/h). The Luftwaffe was surprised to learn that despite weighing twice as much as the Bf 109, the Fw 187 was still able to go 50 mph (80 km/h) faster. They accused the team of having faulty instruments. Blaser was determined to prove them wrong and had a Pitot tube (a device that measures air speed using the total air pressure) installed on the nose of the V1, which would accurately tell the performance. Sander once again flew and confirmed the aircraft indeed had attained such a speed. Further flight trials showed the aircraft had superb maneuverability, climbing and diving. These great characteristics led Kurt Tank to name the aircraft his "Falke" or Falcon. This name became official as well, and wasn't just a nickname the creator gave to his creation.
In the summer of 1937, the airframe had an impressive wing loading of 30.72 Ibs/sq ft (147.7 kg/m2), something no other fighter could equal at that point. Further tests by Sander put the airframe to the extremes to try the limitations of the aircraft in diving. The rudder, during dives, was predicted to begin fluttering after 620 mph (1000 km/h), but Blaser was more cautious, and thought it would start at a lower speed. To counteract this, a balance weight was attached to the rudder. Blaser assured Sander that the aircraft would perform better in dives as long as he didn't exceed 460 mph (740 km/h). With the new weight attached, Sander took off to begin trials. Hitting 455 mph (730 km/h), Sander noticed the tail had begun violently shaking. With the tail not responding, Sander had started to bail when he reported a loud noise came from the rear. Sander's control over the aircraft had returned and all vibrations had ceased. Upon landing, it was found that the weight itself had been the culprit of the vibrations and the sound Sander heard was the weight breaking off the rudder.
An aft view of the V6. The surface cooling system is visible in this shot.
Several modifications were made to the V1 during testing. The frontal landing gear was switched out for a dual wheeled design at some point, but was found it offered no benefit over the single wheel and thus was reverted. The propellers were also changed from Junkers-Hamilton to VDM built ones. Weapons were eventually added as well, but these were just two 7.92mm MG 17s. The 2nd prototype arrived in the summer of 1937. Visually, the V2 was identical to the V1, but had a smaller tailwheel, modified control surfaces, and Jumo 210G engines with enhanced fixed radiators.
However, in 1936, there was a change of leadership in the Technischen Amt. The supportive Richthofen was replaced by Ernst Udet. Udet was a fighter pilot, and his experience reflected upon his decisions. He made sure no more biplane designs were being built and all designs were now of monoplane construction. He had a major focus on fighters, and believed them to be the future. The modern fighter had to be efficient, with speed and maneuverability being the utmost importance. And, from this viewpoint, he saw twin engine fighters as not being as capable as single engine fighters. With this mindset, the Luftwaffe now saw no real reason to continue developing the Fw 187 as a single seat interceptor, but it could be developed as a Zerstörer ("Destroyer" heavy fighter), the same role the Bf 110 occupied. This required a crew of more than one and much heavier armament. Tank was reluctant, and felt his design was still as capable as single engine designs were, but he knew continuing to go against the Technischen Amt would result in his aircraft being terminated, so he regretfully obliged.
The V3 was in the middle of construction and changes had to be made as a result of this. The V1 and V2 had already been produced, and any drastic changes would further affect development, so no attempt to convert the two initial planes into two-seaters ever occured. To accommodate a radioman, the cockpit had to be lengthened. This worried Blaser, who was concerned these changes would affect the size and overall performance of the aircraft. Thus, he tried making the changes that affected the aircraft's performance as little as possible. The fuselage was increased lengthwise, the tailfin was shortened, and increased cockpit volume demanded the fuel tank be moved farther back. Engine nacelles were also shortened to allow installation of landing flaps for when the aircraft carried larger ordnance. The 7.92mms were now complemented with two 20mm MG FF cannons, although V3 never mounted any actual weapons, only mock-ups.
The Fw 187 had good luck up until this point, but this good fortune ran out shortly after the V3 was produced. A few weeks after it was finished in early 1938, the V3 was doing a test flight when one of its engines caught on fire. The aircraft was able to safely land and the fire was extinguished, but the airframe had taken some damage and needed repairs. Tragedy struck once again not too long after, on May 14th. The V1 was lost and its pilot, Bauer, was killed during a landing accident. These two events happening so close together made the already negatively viewed Falke seem not only an unnecessary weapon, but now an unreliable one as well. Two more prototypes were built late in 1938, the V4 (D-OSNP) and V5 (D-OTGN). These two were mostly identical to the V3, but had several slight modifications, such as a modified windshield. Judging by photos, one obvious trait V4 and V5 had over V3 is the lack of the radio mast mounted on the cockpit of the V3. V4 and V5 were sent to the Echlin Erprobungsstelle, a major aircraft development and testing airfield for the RLM (Reichsluftfahrtministerium, German Ministry of Aviation). The trials at this site yielded favorable evaluations of the aircraft and three pre-production examples were ordered.
One of the A-0s flying overhead.
While all of this was going on, Tank was finally able to acquire two DB 600A engines for his Falke. The plane that mounted these engines would be the V6. Before the V6 was built, Tank had shown interest in surface evaporation cooling, a drag reducing novelty which had been researched and developed by Heinkel and was soon to be worked on by Messerschmitt. With the V6 now under construction, Tank drew plans to apply the feature into the prototype to give it peak performance. V6 (CI+NY) first flew in early 1939 and showed how well the new engines and surface cooling made the aircraft perform. On takeoff, the V6 had 1,000 HP from each engine, a 43% boost over the previously used Jumo 210s. During one test flight, the V6 was flying 395 mph (635 km/h) in level flight.
The three pre-production examples previously mentioned were designated Fw 197A-0. These were were fully armed. The A-0s added armored glass to the windshield and carried two more MG 17s. The A-0 planes also returned to using the Jumo 210 engines. Due to the additional weight, the performance of the A-0s was a bit lower than the prototypes. However, the RLM continued to argue against the Falke, claiming that, because it had no defensive armament, the Fw wouldn't be as effective as the Bf 110 in the same role (despite it being able to outperform the 110 performance-wise). The final decision related to the Falke was an idea to turn it into a night-fighter in 1943. Nothing ever came out of this proposal.
The Factory Defender
Although the Bf 110 seemingly took the Falke's place, its story continued. As the Royal Air Force (RAF) began its attacks over mainland Germany in 1940, aircraft firms scrambled to defend their valuable factories. Several firms formed a "Industrie Schutzstaffel", which was an aerial defence program which would have aircraft company's factories and testing sites be defended by aircraft piloted by test pilots and to be managed by on-site personnel. Focke-Wulf was one such firm and, luckily for them, three fully operational Fw187A-0s were ready and waiting to be used in combat. These examples were sent to the Focke-Wulf factory at Bremen and were sent on numerous missions to defend the plant from Allied bombing. Allegedly, Dipl.-Ing (Engineer's degree) Melhorn claimed several kills while flying one of these aircraft. After the stint in Bremen, the three were put back into armament and equipment testing. In the winter of 1940 to early 1941, the three were sent to a Jagdstaffel unit in Norway, where they were evaluated by pilots. One of the three was sent to Værløse, Denmark in the summer of 1942 and temporarily assigned to Luftschiess-Schule. It is likely the remaining 3 and prototypes were either scrapped or destroyed by Allied bombing, as no examples are known to have survived the war. Some sources claim the aircraft Melhorn flew was the V6 converted into a single seater and armed for combat, but no proof supports this.
The Fw 187 was no secret weapon. After the fighting in France died down, the Propaganda Ministry began producing film and photos of the Fw 187 in 1940-1941 to persuade the Allies into thinking the Falke was fully operational and replacing the Bf 110 as the Luftwaffe's all new Zerstörer. In reality, the latter was taking over the role of the former. The campaign sort of worked, as the Fw 187 was now a part of the rogue's gallery that the Allies expected to fight. Identification cards, models and even movies were made to train pilots in the event they should encounter the two engine terror in combat. One such film denotes that the Fw 187 is "a rare bird" and that they should comically "make it extinct". This shows that the Allies didn't completely fall for the propaganda that claimed it was being produced in mass quantity.
The Fw 187 had a twin engine design. The airframe was of all light metal construction. To reduce drag, the airframe was actually narrower at its widest point than other fighters of the time. The wings were of metal construction and divided into three sections. The connected segments carried the fuel and the outer segments had the flaps installed. The first and second prototypes had a single seat cockpit. The cockpit was covered by a canopy that slid aft. The cockpit itself wasn't built for comfort, as it was built for an average sized pilot. The cramped cockpit lacked the necessary space to mount certain instruments and had these mounted outside on the engine cowlings. V1 had tail sitting landing gear, with all three wheels being able to retract into the hull. V2 was similar to V1, but had modified control surfaces. Beginning after the first two, all examples of the Fw 187 had an extended greenhouse cockpit to accommodate the radioman. The cockpit now opened up in two sections, one to the front and one to the rear. The fuselage was lengthened to some degree as well. The extended cockpit required the fuel tank to be moved down the fuselage. The engine nacelles were shortened to allow landing flaps to be added. V3 also had a radio mast mounted on the rear part of the cockpit. V4 and V5 had this removed.
For engines, the majority of the Falke's used the Jumo 210 engine. V1 mounted the 210Da, V2-V5 using the 210G, V6 using the powerful DB 600A engines and the A-0 reverting back to 210Gs. The aircraft performance stayed the same overall, with the V6 having peak performance speedwise.
For armament, V1 mounted two MG 17 machine guns. V3 had accommodations for two more MG FF cannons but only mockups were added. When the A-0s were rolled out, an additional two MG 17s were added to fill the Zerstorer role. The extra two had their ammunition mounted in front of the radioman's seat.
Fw 187 V1 – First prototype. Mounted two Junkers Jumo 210Da engines. Originally mounted Junkers-Hamilton propellers but was changed to VDM airscrews. Originally had two wheeled forward landing gear which was switched to single during development. Fitted with two MG 17 machine guns.
Fw 187 V2 – Second prototype, had different rudders and a semi-retractable tail-wheel. Had fuel-injection Jumo 210G engines.
Fw 187 V3 – Third prototype. Two seat version, the cockpit was lengthened to accommodate the radioman. The engine nacelles were shortened some degree to allow new landing flaps.V-3 also mounted two MG 17 machine guns and two MG FF cannons.
Fw 187 V4/Fw 187 V5 – Fourth and fifth prototypes. Nearly identical to V-3, aside from several small modifications, such as having different windscreens.
Fw 187 V-6 – Sixth prototype. High speed version that mounted Daimler Benz DB 600A engines.
Fw 187A-0 – Pre-production version. Three were constructed. Armed with two MG FF cannons and four MG 17 machine guns. Frontal armored windshields were added. These three were tested and sent to various locations for trial and defensive purposes.
Nazi Germany – The sole operator was Nazi Germany, which reportedly used the Falke during the air defense of Bremen in 1940.
Focke Wulf Fw 187A-0 Specifications
Wingspan 50 ft 2 in / 15.3 m
Length 36 ft 6 in / 11.1 m
Height 12 ft 7 in / 3.8 m
Wing Area 327.2 ft² / 99.7 m²
Engine 2x 700 hp (522 kW) Junkers Jumo 210Ga 12-cylinder liquid cooled inline engines
Propeller 2x 3-blade VDM airscrews
Powerplant Ratings
Horsepower output Altitude
Take Off 700 hp Sea Level
Normal 730 hp 3,280 ft
Empty 8,150 lbs / 3,700 kg
Loaded 11,000 lbs / 5,000 kg
Climb Rate
Rate of Climb at Sea Level 3,450 ft / 1050 m per minute
Time to 6,560 ft / 1999.4 m 1.9 minutes
Time to 19,700 ft / 6000 m 5.8 minutes
Speed 329 mph / 530 km/h at 13,780 ft / 4,200 m
322 mph / 518 km/h at Sea Level
Range 560 mi / 900 km
Maximum Service Ceiling 32,810 ft / 10940 m
Crew 1 Pilot
1 Radio Operator
2x 20mm MG FF cannons
4x 7.92mm MG 17 machine guns
llustrations by Haryo Panji https://www.deviantart.com/haryopanji
Focke-Wulf Fw 187 V1- Prototype
Focke-Wulf Fw 187 Night Fighter
Focke-Wulf Fw 187 A-0
The V5 on standby. A visual difference between the V3 and the V4/V5 is the absence of a radio mast mounted on the cockpit.
Side view of the V6.
A period 3-way illustration of the Fw 187 A-0
The Fw 187 V3 after it's engine fire. Notice it's greenhouse cockpit and the way it opens.
A cockpit view of one of the A-0s. Note the glass floor.
The V4 taking off. The V4 and V5 were slightly modified versions of the V3.
Three pre-production Fw 187 A-0s on standby.
Herwig, D. & Rode, H. (2003). Luftwaffe Secret Projects : Ground Attack & Special Purpose Aircraft. Hinckley, England: Midland Pub.
Green, W. (1990). The Warplanes of the Third Reich. New York: Exeter Books.
Wagner, W. (1998). The History of German Aviation. Atlgen, PA: Schiffer Military/Aviation History.
Illustrations by Haryo Panji https://www.deviantart.com/haryopanji
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One thought on "Focke Wulf Fw 187"
WolfCommander066 says:
The FW 187 seems like an aircraft that could have had a lot of potential. Too bad it had such a short production run of only 9 aircraft.
The German Air Force was responsible for several great revolutions in the development of aviation during both World Wars. While the development of jet technology in the Second World War is probably the best known, during the First World War, one of the most important such evolutions was the development of the first all-metal planes. ...


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