text:
Den Begriff Schatzung (mhd. schatzunge "Abgabe, Steuer; Schätzung") verwendet man heute als zusammenfassende Bezeichnung für den Einzug direkter Steuern im Mittelalter und in der Frühen Neuzeit.

Begriff und Geschichte

Das mittelhochdeutsche Verb schatzen, Schätze sammeln, entwickelte die Bedeutung "ein Vermögen taxieren, besteuern". Das Nomen Schatzung bezeichnet mithin die Tätigkeit oder den Vorgang des Schatzens und das Ergebnis davon. Eine Schatzung ist also eine Besteuerung bzw. eine Steuer.

Die einmal festgelegten und immer gleich hohen Einnahmen des Landesherrn aus der Bede mussten bei sinkendem Geldwert und steigendem Finanzbedarf durch andere Abgaben ergänzt werden. Im Herzogtum Württemberg wurden diese Schatzungen (Abgaben) meist auf die gleiche Weise erhoben wie die Bede: Jede Gemeinde hatte einen bestimmten Betrag abzuliefern, den sie unter ihren Angehörigen umlegen konnte. Der Zahlungspflichtige musste einen Teil seines Vermögens beisteuern, etwa 2,5 oder 5 %. Manche Schatzung, die ursprünglich nur für Notfälle gedacht war, wurde zur ständigen Abgabe und erhielt sich unverändert bis ins 19. Jahrhundert.

Auch außerhalb des Herzogtums Württemberg gab es direkte Steuern in großer Vielfalt, teils mit festem, teils mit wechselndem Betrag, teils regelmäßig und teils nur in Notfällen erhoben. Sie wurden jährlich, halbjährlich oder monatlich eingezogen. Manchmal wurde das Vermögen besteuert (wie beim Kuhschatz und Schafschatz) und manchmal das Einkommen. Im Amt Vechta gab es den Erb-, Vieh-, Monats-, Rauch- und Kopfschatz, von denen vielfach mehrere gleichzeitig erhoben wurden.

Der Rauchschatz war eine nach dem Herd (der Familie) bemessene Abgabe und der Kopfschatz eine Personalsteuer. Diese Vielfalt betrachtend, versteht man den Begriff Schatzung heute als "zusammenfassende Bezeichnung für den Einzug direkter Steuern."

Die Bezeichnung Rauchschatz war eine an vielen Orten für Rauchgeld oder Rauchfanggeld übliche Bezeichnung. Rauchschatzregister führten Aufzeichnungen über die Reinigung der Schornsteine und die zu entrichtende Rauchfangsteuer.

Schatzungsregister und -listen
Die Auswertung solcher Schatzungsregister oder -listen ist für die Sozial-, Wirtschafts-, Regional- und Landesgeschichte sowie auch für die Genealogie von großem Wert. So geben die Listen vor allem einen Überblick über die gesamte ländliche, steuerpflichtige Bevölkerung; auch die "Armen", die keine Steuern zahlten, wurden in einzelnen Schatzungsregistern namentlich erfasst.

Literatur

 Erhard Schulte: Kopf-Schatzung 1719 (= Ostfriesische Familienkunde. H. 14). Upstalsboom-Gesellschaft, Aurich 1999, ISBN 3-934508-01-4.
 Die Schatzungsregister des 16. Jahrhunderts für das Herzogtum Westfalen (= Westfälische Schatzungs- und Steuerregister. Bd. 2). Teil 1 und 2. Aschendorff, Münster 1971–2000;
 Teil 1: Die Register von 1536 und 1565. Nach Vorarbeiten von Frenn Wiethoff herausgegeben von Reinhard Oberschelp unter Mitwirkung von Helmut Richtering. 1971, ISBN 3-402-05854-5;
 Teil 2: Die Register von 1543 und Schatzungen des Adels von 1543 und 1549. Orts- und Personenindex für Teil 1 und 2. Nach Vorarbeiten von Helmut Richtering herausgegeben von Hartwig Walberg unter Mitwirkung von Rico Quaschny. 2000, ISBN 3-402-06820-6.
 Theodor Knapp: Neue Beiträge zur Rechts- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte des württembergischen Bauernstandes. Band 1: Darstellung. Laupp, Tübingen 1919.

Weblinks
 Thomas Reich:  (Link zu PDF-Datei auf Archive NRW; 2,9 MB)

Einzelnachweise

Steuerrechtsgeschichte
Recht (Mittelalter)
Rechtsgeschichte der Frühen Neuzeit

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A simple chicken sauté gets an elegant makeover. You can also serve with rice or orzo to soak up the succulent sauce. This sauce is also great made with roasted almond butter.
Place pecans in a food processor; process until smooth (about 1 minute), scraping sides of bowl once. With processor on, add water and 3/4 teaspoon salt; process until smooth, scraping sides of bowl once.
Sprinkle chicken with 1/2 teaspoon salt and pepper.
Heat a large nonstick skillet coated with cooking spray over medium-high heat. Add chicken; sauté 3 minutes on each side or until done. Remove chicken from pan; keep warm.
Add shallots and mushrooms to pan; sauté 3 minutes or until mushrooms are tender. Stir in pecan cream; bring to a boil. Cook 1 1/2 minutes. Place 2/3 cup noodles on each of 6 plates. Top each serving with 1 chicken breast half and 1/3 cup sauce. Garnish with parsley, if desired.
Very flavorful entree. I thought for sure recipe used to call for chicken broth, not water. Try that and see how the flavor pops!
I love this recipe! I made it from the original magazine version years ago, and made it regularly for a while. I forgot about it, and found it again while searching online for chicken recipes. I have to resist the urge to make this every week. It's easy and delicious.
Surprisingly delicious! I made it exactly as specified, and my guests were really impressed.
This recipe was so good. My husband and I made it for the first time tonight and it was fantastic! It was very easy and quick. I found it to be very similar to stroganoff, but not nearly as heavy. This will become a regular dinner for us.
I made this mostly because it was something different. I was surprised how much I liked it! My husband liked it too. I even missed the part about toasting the pecans and I thought the sauce was wonderfully flavorful. Except for toasting the pecans, I followed the recipe exactly. The sauce thickened up great in the pan. I added the chicken back to the pan to coat with the sauce. Not too pretty of a dish but will definitely make this again.
I just fixed this for my family when they were visiting and everyone loved it! I actually doubled the recipe since we had a lot of people. The pecans and water were a little runny in the food processor so I added a little cream when I put it in the pan. The sauce thickened up while cooking and came out great! I also put the chicken back in the skillet with the sauce when I served it. YUM! Will definitely make again. I served it with fresh carrots and broccoli.
Excellent! I followed the recipe exactly as it was written --it was so delicious. I do think this recipe is appropriate for special occasions, the sauce looks like it can be rich for its creamy texture, but because it's made with water it's quite light. Very easy to follow. I served it with rice instead of the noodles and it worked very well. I will be making this again for sure.
Very good recipe. I added too many pecans and my cream was more of a thick paste, so I had to add more water. The egg noodles and chicken were good. It is a nice meal that won't offend anyone.
Made this last night and with the advice of another reviewer I used low-fat half/half instead of water, added some dijon mustard and went a step further with some red pepper flakes. It came out great and was better than I expected. I would make it again for sure.


text:
Willem Claeszoon Heda (14. prosince 1594 Haarlem – 24. srpna 1680 Haarlem) byl nizozemský barokní malíř, který se věnoval zejména žánru zátiší. V něm se specializoval na téma "snídaně". Roku 1631 se stal členem cechu sv. Lukáše v Haarlemu. Zájem o jeho zapomenuté dílo znovu narostl v druhé polovině 19. století.

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

Nizozemští malíři
Barokní malíři
Narození 14. prosince
Narození v roce 1594
Narození v Haarlemu
Úmrtí 24. srpna
Úmrtí v roce 1680
Úmrtí v Haarlemu
Muži


text:
Une invention est  une méthode, une technique, un moyen nouveau par lequel il est possible de résoudre un problème pratique donné. Une invention est une création nouvelle. Elle est, en général, reconnue par la délivrance d'un brevet d'invention. On ne dépose pas un brevet, mais une demande de brevet.

Invention et innovation

Le concept d'invention est très proche de celui d'innovation, mais distinct : une innovation est construite sur une invention, mais toute invention ne donne pas lieu à une innovation.

Par exemple,  a inventé le procédé de fabrication du verre plat sur bain d'étain (procédé float) dont on dit qu'il s'agit d'une innovation technologique majeure qui a révolutionné l'industrie du verre. Denis Papin a inventé  l'autocuiseur en 1679 avec son digesteur, sans l'exploiter commercialement, SEB a lancé en 1953 sa super-cocotte sur le marché français, c'est un succès (innovation).

La distinction majeure est qu'une invention est la concrétisation isolée d'une idée créative, alors qu'une innovation est un nouveau produit introduit avec succès sur un marché. Ainsi, le procédé de Pilkington est une invention, sa diffusion dans l'industrie du verre est une innovation.

Dans le cadre du droit de la propriété intellectuelle, le traité de Genève de 1978 définit les inventions scientifiques comme .

Une innovation ne se protège pas par une demande de brevet : c'est l'invention sous-jacente qui est brevetée.

Invention et découverte

Contrairement à l'idée reçue selon laquelle les inventions proviennent d'instants de génie de merveilleux inventeurs, qui seraient des êtres « à part », certains chercheurs pensent que les inventions sont en réalité le résultat d'un long et difficile processus d'accumulation de connaissances, d'innovation, qui progresse par petits pas par les apports de multiples chercheurs.

Notion d'invention virtuelle
Alain Testart (Avant l'histoire, Gallimard, 2012) appelle invention virtuelle une invention technique qui n'est pas entièrement utilisée, un objet ou un procédé neufs auxquels la société ne donne pas une application productive. « Voici environ , en Amérique centrale, les Zapotèques ont fabriqué de tout petits véhicules (inutiles) munis de quatre roues. Ils n'ont pour autant jamais eu l'idée d'utiliser la roue à plus grande échelle, pour en faire des chariots. C'est ce que j'appelle une invention virtuelle. De même, dans plusieurs civilisations paléolithiques, on a fabriqué des figurines en terre cuite – ce qui témoigne de la maîtrise de la céramique, avec ses fours de cuissons – bien avant de songer à s'en servir pour fabriquer des récipients et autres poteries de cuisine. La domestication du chien, la première de toute, peut elle-aussi être considérée comme une « invention virtuelle » : on s'est servi du chien comme d'un simple animal d'agrément, bien avant de l'affecter à des fonctions utiles – pour la chasse, la surveillance des troupeaux, le gardiennage… L'agriculture elle-même n'a pas été inventée d'un seul coup. Bien avant l'ensemencement systématique des champs avec des variétés sélectionnées, on connaissait le pouvoir germinatif des graines. Lorsqu'on ramassait des céréales sauvages, on en abandonnait sans doute volontairement une petite partie, dans l'espoir d'améliorer un peu le ramassage à la saison suivante : toutes les grandes inventions mettent beaucoup de temps à « germer ». »

Salons des inventions

Il existe divers Salons de l'invention, où des inventeurs présentent leurs nouvelles inventions :
 Concours Lépine à Paris ;
 Salon international des inventions de Genève à Genève ;
 Salon du bricolage, habitat et inventions à Lyon ;
 Brussels Innova à Bruxelles ;
 Salon Iena à Nuremberg ;
 Salon Inpex, à Pittsburgh.

Notes et références

Sources
 « Invention » sur le Dictionnaire International des Termes Littéraires
 Collectif, « L'invention », Études françaises, numéro préparé par Christie McDonald, vol. 26, no 3, hiver 1990 (lire en ligne).
 Galvez-Behar, G. (2008). La République des inventeurs. Propriété et organisation de l'innovation en France, Presses universitaires de Rennes.
 .
 .
 Reuven Brenner, « Inventions et innovations dans le monde des affaires et des sciences », Études françaises, vol. 26, no 3, hiver 1990, p. 51-78 (lire en ligne).

 Jean-Philippe Quenderff (1986) Comment exploiter vos idées, édité par l'ANCE, (Agence Nationale pour la Création d'Entreprise), édition e-book depuis 2008

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

Liens externes

Innovation


text:
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namespace Lexik\Bundle\JWTAuthenticationBundle\Response;

use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\JsonResponse;

/**
 * JWTAuthenticationFailureResponse.
 *
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final class JWTAuthenticationFailureResponse extends JsonResponse
{
    /**
     * The response message.
     *
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    private $message;

    /**
     * @param string $message A failure message passed in the response body
     */
    public function __construct($message = 'Bad credentials', $statusCode = JsonResponse::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED)
    {
        $this->message = $message;

        parent::__construct(null, $statusCode, ['WWW-Authenticate' => 'Bearer']);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the failure message.
     *
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     *
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     */
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    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Meet Jasmine Vaughns, Music Theatre student at the University of Melbourne
Jasmine Vaughns, Bachelor of Fine Arts (Music Theatre) Student. Photo by Giulia McGauran.
Jasmine Vaughns, Bachelor of Fine Arts (Music Theatre) student, talks about meeting her idol in New York and the importance of being brave.
Hi Jasmine! Tell us about the Music Theatre course – what are you currently doing in your studies?
I'm studying a Bachelor of Fine Arts (Music Theatre) and our first project for the year was Mongrel. It was a collaborative process where we were put in small groups with the Bachelor of Music (Interactive Composition) students and created an original work. The performances are usually cabaret-style, short form pieces and my group did a pop musical about the Australian Open. It was an exciting process having the artistic freedom to create whatever we wanted, and it has been rewarding to work with the Interactive Composition students as well as my peers. We also put on two major shows per year. This year we're performing Flora the Red Menace and On the Town. These shows are a chance to put into practice everything we've learnt in our training.
How has the course differed from your expectations?
I didn't expect the course to be as full-on as it has been. In some ways I feel as though I'm in a bubble, having class from 9am-6pm and then locking myself away in a practice room after hours, or coming in to practice on the weekends. While it can get hectic and stressful at times it has also been so rewarding to dive in head first and refine so many skills. I feel very grateful to have shared these past three years with the other members of Company 19. It's inspiring to work alongside such talented individuals. We've all pushed, challenged and grown together and I'll miss that supportive company environment when I graduate. I'm also very thankful for the tutors we've been lucky enough to have over the three years – I can't put into words how much I've learnt from them, and how they've changed and improved me as a performer and as a person.
What advice would you give someone at the beginning of their degree?
The biggest advice I'd give to those studying the Music Theatre program is to be brave, be bold and be kind to yourself. Each day you come to university is an opportunity to explore, play and grow as an artist and person. Looking back on my first year, I was so hesitant and shy – so afraid to fail and get things wrong. But making mistakes and trying various things is where the fun lies and where the learning occurs. It's also important to find things outside the course that make you happy. It is easy to get bogged down in the work, but I believe it is important to be kind to yourself and to take care of yourself first and foremost. I discovered that I really enjoy Pilates and working out. Recently I got back into reading, going out for brunch each weekend with friends (although taxing on my bank account) – anything that's enjoyable counts.
Who is your hero in your field/ life generally and why?
My hero in my field would absolutely have to be Audra McDonald. I have admired her ever since I can remember. She always plays lead characters in my favourite musicals and she's a performer I aspire to be like one day. In January 2019, we undertook a Global Atelier elective in New York City where we did a two-week intensive including masterclasses with the likes of Jen Collela and Lonny Price. One of the masterclasses was with Audra and I was so grateful to be able to work with her on the floor. That experience was probably one of the biggest highlights I'll ever have. She was so humble and gracious and so passionate about telling the character's story – it was amazing to see her work in that way and have that experience with her!
What does your dream career look like? Has this changed since starting your studies?
My goal after I graduate is to perform. I'd love to find an agency to represent, or that represents me, and delve into auditioning for musicals, plays and film and television. I've known I wanted to perform since I was eight. Studying has ignited the passion even more and has given me to the tools to have a long, sustainable career. It has also encouraged me to think of possible business ideas to do with the arts and other ways I can be involved in an artistic industry.
Overall, my time here has taught me that my training doesn't end here, that I have my whole life to continue to learn and grow as a performer and that's something I'm looking forward to. I can't wait to see where I am in 10 years' time and what that picture looks like … I have no clue, but I'm excited.
Victorian College of the Arts
Jesus Christ! Meet VCA Superstar Robert Tripolino
Honouring Ron and Margaret Dobell, valued friends of Music Theatre at the VCA

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Print Page - Happy Birthday, Russel!!
Title: Re: Happy Birthday, Russel!!
Happy Birthday, Russell! May you have many, many more.
Pretty soon you'll be at the age where you have to make a noise just bending over...it's the law. Happy Birthday Russell.
I bet some of you guys could have used some of the stuff in there.
Happy belated birthday. I get stuff from sunlight supply sometimes.
Sometimes I get gas at the Irving Circle K truck stop (https://www.google.com/maps/uv?hl=en&pb=!1s0x4cb26892560e3147%3A0xe033ddf9bb59f92!2m19!2m2!1i80!2i80!3m1!2i20!16m13!1b1!2m2!1m1!1e1!2m2!1m1!1e3!2m2!1m1!1e5!2m2!1m1!1e4!3m1!7e115!4s%2F%2Flh3.googleusercontent.com%2F-aeeXcp_D_-I%2FV_47etfe1jI%2FAAAAAAAACx4%2FClBwotbsu4MKUKCkg4D_tAfrpLfT34OTgCJkC%2Fw90-h90-n-k-no%2F!5s%20-%20Google%20Search&imagekey=!1e2!2sH69jYXKgmyFFRI8pr87ajg) off of 95 exit 75. That is the exit I usually use to I get on and off 95. I went into the back of the Circle K, and it is totally sweet. Free clean showers. Good free wifi. A lounge with a TV.
they are building a new place in Vancouver Wa. and the Denver place was moving up ..... business is booming.
we were there last year maybe. We delivered empty bottles to Poland, then we picked up paper going to upstate NY.


With what seems like an endless number of potential diet plans to follow, it can feel overwhelming to discern what diet program is best for you. This is especially true for the estimated 10% of American adults who suffer from chronic kidney disease, or CKD. As with many chronic conditions, the renal diet is an important component of managing kidney disease; however, generalized or conventional dietary guidelines might be harmful if you suffer from kidney problems. If you feel lost when it comes to eating for healthy kidneys, the guidelines outlined in this article are a great place to start.
Who Needs to Follow the Renal Diet?
The renal diet was created to help minimize complications of chronic kidney disease and also prolong the healthy functioning of the kidneys. To better understand the reasoning behind the recommendations of the renal diet, it is important to first have a background knowledge of how the kidneys normally function and how kidney disease affects these processes.
Chronic kidney disease, also called renal disease, involves damage to the kidneys resulting in the diminished ability to perform the above functions. This means that the body can no longer adequately remove substances such as toxins, fluids, or waste products from digestions like potassium and phosphorus from your bloodstream. It is believed that 31 million Americans suffer from chronic kidney disease.
Anyone diagnosed with chronic kidney disease can benefit from following the renal diet. If you are unsure, it is important to first speak with your healthcare provider or a Registered Dietitian. Doctors can use blood or urine tests to help detect kidney disease.
Renal failure involves a reduced ability to filter out waste products from our diet, so the renal diet was created to reduce the intake of substances that can be harmful if they accumulate in the body. This includes potassium, phosphorus, and sometimes fluids and protein. The renal diet is also low in sodium (salt) since lowering blood pressure can help protect the kidneys.
Canned foods, including soups or vegetables, except for those labeled "no salt added"
Fresh or frozen fruits and vegetables, or canned foods labeled "no salt added"
Potassium is a nutrient that helps regulate muscle contraction, including the muscles in our heart. With chronic kidney disease, the body cannot filter our potassium fast enough, which increases the risk for hyperkalemia, or build up of potassium in the blood. Consequences of abnormal potassium levels include muscle cramps, irregular heartbeat, or, in extreme cases, heart attacks. To prevent this, limit your potassium intake. It is important to talk with your doctor or dietitian first to find out what your blood potassium levels are and whether you need to follow a potassium restriction.
Similar to potassium, phosphorus can build-up in the blood of people with chronic kidney disease and become too high. This is known as hyperphosphatemia, and can lead to a frail bone structure with high risk for bone fractures. It may also cause unwanted mineral deposits in the brain, lungs, eyes, etc. To prevent this, your doctor may suggest that you lower your phosphorus intake as part of the renal diet.
Kidney disease is the ninth leading cause of death in the United States, but thankfully, we are learning more about how diet can help improve health outcomes for those suffering. Often, renal diet recommendations get tailored to each patient based on the progression of the disease, which is why it's so important to make dietary changes with guidance from your doctor or a Registered Dietitian.
If you know you have kidney disease, it is important to be mindful of your intake of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and protein, as this helps manage the symptoms of kidney disease while also preserving the healthy functioning of your kidneys. If you think you may have kidney problems or are showing signs and symptoms of an issue with your kidney, speak with your healthcare provider right away.


text:
Antonio Emilio de Moraes (Businessman)
Syllabus of the Subject: Antonio Emilio de Moraes (Brazilian Businessman and Philanthropist, Course).
Antonio Emilio de Moraes (Brazilian Entrepreneur)
Votorantim Group
Philanthropic Activities of Antonio Emilio de Moraes
The Subject "Antonio Emilio de Moraes (Brazilian Businessman and Philanthropist)" is part of the following Online Higher Education Programs taught by EENI:
Masters: Business in America, International Business, Foreign Trade, Religions & Business
Doctorates: Ethics, Religion & Business, Business in America, Global Trade
Courses: Business in South America, Brazil, Christianity & Business
Learning materials in Antonio Moraes Antonio Moraes Antonio Moraes
Example of the Online Subject: Antonio Emilio de Moraes (Brazilian Businessman and Philanthropist)
Description of the Subject: Antonio Emilio de Moraes (Businessperson, Brazil).
Antonio Emilio de Moraes (São Paulo, 1928) is a Brazilian Businessman, engineer and philanthropist.
Moraes is the President and a member of the Board of Administration of the Votorantim Group
Forbes estimated that Moraes has a fortune of 25 million dollars; Moraes is one of the richest people in the World
In 1955; he founded the Brazilian aluminium Company producing just 4,000 tonnes of steel; the Votorantim Group produces over 400,000 tonnes
Mr Moraes has achieved at this time to transform the company into a multinational, with an aggressive acquisition policy
Today the Votorantim Group is a 100% Brazilian Company present in more than twenty countries, 60,000 employees, and activities in various sectors: cement, pulp, paper, aluminium, zinc, nickel, steel, films from polypropylene, chemicals, and orange juice
In 2014, the group fulfilled ninety-five years of the existence
In the financial market, operates through "Votorantim finance," which brings together several institutions: Votorantim Bank, BV Finance, Votorantim Asset Management, BV Leasing (leasing operations), and Votorantim Securities broker
"If I do not believe in Brazil, I would be a Banker. However, I set-up my Bank to not pay the interest that is charged on the market imposed by the Central Bank of Brazil" Emilio Antonio of Moraes (Democracy and corruption).
In 2001, Moraes left the presidency of the Board of Votorantim Group and gave the group management to his sons and nephews.
Philanthropy.
Emilio Antonio of Moraes spends about 1.5 hours a day on the Portuguese Charity Society of São Paulo, one of the best Brazilian hospitals, of which he was President, where he helped financially in the construction of the "Cancer centre Emilio Antonio of Moraes."
He also founded the "Institute Votorantim."
Antonio Emilio de Moraes is Roman Catholic Christian - Latin American Economic Area (Western Civilisation).
John Robert Marinho
Religion, Ethics, and Business


text:
Biografia
Rupprecht entrò a far parte dell'esercito imperiale tedesco il 3 agosto 1908 e venne promosso al grado di tenente dal 23 ottobre 1910, grado con cui prese parte alla prima guerra mondiale.

Dopo la fine del primo conflitto, entrò nella polizia della Repubblica di Weimar dal 1920, rimanendo in carica sino al 31 luglio 1935. Dal 1º agosto 1935 venne integrato nella Wehrmacht col grado di tenente colonnello e dal 10 novembre 1938 gli venne affidato il comando della fortezza militare di Ratisbona. Promosso colonnello dal 1º gennaio 1937, il 26 agosto 1939, in previsione dell'invasione della Polonia che avrebbe avviato la seconda guerra mondiale, ottenne il comando del 213º reggimento di fanteria. Il 1º novembre 1940 venne promosso maggiore generale ed il 15 novembre di quello stesso anno ottenne il comando della 327ª divisione di fanteria con la quale venne impegnato sul fronte austriaco e francese. Promosso al rango di tenente generale dal 1º novembre 1942, venne trasferito nei Paesi Bassi dal 1º gennaio 1943 come comandante della 65ª divisione di fanteria. Dal 27 ottobre 1943 venne trasferito in Francia come comandante della 18ª divisione da campo della Luftwaffe.

Onorificenze

Onorificenze tedesche

Onorificenze straniere

Bibliografia
  Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000). Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939-1945. Friedburg, Allemagne: Podzun-Pallas. .


free trade in ideas; informal, unsupervised human interaction; uninhibited (and unqualified?) creativity; spontaneous social interplay; and the initiation of new enterprise.
Evolving around and amongst the unique natural and socio-historical characteristics of the existing Places; Nurturing an enterprise incubator; Engendering a new . . . → Read More: What is a MEV?


This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged a narcissist will use people for whatever they need, able to put his affair behind me, emotional affairs and how they are intimate without being physical, forgive the other woman, he lies to his wife and affair partner, husbands fairly long affair, i don't blame her for his actions, if it's not you then who?, letter to the other woman, narcissism and it's connection to infidelity, telling the other woman what's on my mind.
Yes most definitely scary that both of our husbands put their affair behind them so easily and not even miss their AP. I'm glad but makes me question our relationship even more.
I think your letter was fantastic!!!! I could print it out and send it to OW without changing a word except your name!


In recent years, mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet has contributed nearly 0.5 mm yr–1 to global mean sea level rise, about one-sixth of the current rate (Church et al., 2011). Around half of that contribution has come from accelerated draining of outlet glaciers into the southeast Amundsen Sea (Rignot et al., 2008), where the flow speed of Pine Island Glacier (PIG; Figure 1) in particular has increased by over 70%, to around 4 km yr–1, since the first observations in the early 1970s (Rignot, 2008; Joughin et al., 2010). The accelerations have been accompanied by rapid thinning of the glaciers extending inland from the floating ice shelves that form the glacier termini (Shepherd et al., 2002, 2004). One implication of these observed patterns of change is that the mass loss has probably been driven by changes in the rate of submarine melting of the floating ice shelves. The ubiquitous presence of warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) on the Amundsen Sea continental shelf, at temperatures 3–4°C above the pressure freezing point, was first revealed during a 1994 cruise of RVIB Nathaniel B Palmer (Jacobs et al., 1996). Repeat observations at the Pine Island Ice Front made from the Palmer in 2009 showed that submarine melting of PIG had increased by 50% over the intervening 15 years despite a modest rise in the temperature of CDW of only about 0.1°C (Jacobs et al., 2011). While ice front observations were able to document those changes, the reason for the dramatic increase in submarine melting would have remained speculative while the ocean cavity beneath the approximately 65 x 35 km, fast-flowing, central part of the ice shelf remained a black box.
Jenkins, A., P. Dutrieux, S. Jacobs, S. McPhail, J. Perrett, A. Webb, and D. White. 2012. Autonomous underwater vehicle exploration of the ocean cavity beneath an Antarctic ice shelf. Oceanography 25(3):202–203, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.95.
Church, J.A., N.J. White, L.F. Konikow, C.M. Domingues, J.G. Cogley, E. Rignot, J.M. Gregory, M.R. van den Broeke, A.J. Monaghan, and I. Velicogna. 2011. Revisiting the Earth's sea-level and energy budgets from 1961 to 2008. Geophysical Research Letters 38, L18601, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048794.
Jacobs, S.S., H.H. Hellmer, and A. Jenkins. 1996. Antarctic ice sheet melting in the southeast Pacific. Geophysical Research Letters 23:957–960, https://doi.org/10.1029/96GL00723.
Jacobs, S.S., A. Jenkins, C.F. Giulivi, and P. Dutrieux. 2011. Stronger ocean circulation and increased melting under Pine Island Glacier ice shelf. Nature Geoscience 4:519–523, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1188.
Jenkins, A., P. Dutrieux, S.S. Jacobs, S.D. McPhail, J.R. Perrett, A.T. Webb, and D. White. 2010. Observations beneath Pine Island Glacier in West Antarctica and implications for its retreat. Nature Geoscience 3:468–472, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo890.
Joughin, I., B.E. Smith, and D.M. Holland. 2010. Sensitivity of 21st century sea level to ocean-induced thinning of Pine Island Glacier, Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters 37, L20502, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL044819.
McPhail, S.D., M.E. Furlong, M. Pebody, J.R. Perrett, P. Stevenson, A. Webb, and D. White. 2009. Exploring beneath the PIG Ice Shelf with the Autosub3 AUV. Paper presented at Oceans 09 – Europe, Bremen, Germany, May 11–14, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSE.2009.5278170.
Rignot, E., J.L. Bamber, M.R. van den Broeke, C. Davis, Y. Li, W.J. van de Berg, and E. van Meijgaard. 2008. Recent Antarctic ice mass loss from radar interferometry and regional climate modelling. Nature Geoscience 1:106–110, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo102.
Schoof, C. 2007. Ice sheet grounding line dynamics: Steady states, stability, and hysteresis. Journal of Geophysical Research 112, F03S28, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000664.
Shepherd, A., D.J. Wingham, and J.A.D. Mansley. 2002. Inland thinning of the Amundsen Sea sector, West Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters 29, 1364, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL014183.


In 2015 AMI, provider of information, market intelligence and conferences for the global plastics industry, stated that Turkey was the largest plastics market in the Middle East, accounting for 36% of regional demand. Despite the unstable and rapidly developing region, Turkey remains the leading player in large part due to its strategic location making it is easily accessible to European markets.
It has a strong export oriented processing industry serving textiles and packaging situated in clusters near Istanbul, Izmir and in the south near Adana and Gaziantep. PP has traditionally been the most used resin, its usage being driven by the substantial production of BOPP and PP cast films as well as Turkey being the largest producer of cars, domestic appliances and electrical goods in the Middle East.
According to Applied Market Information (AMI), the overall picture for the Turkish plastics industry is positive even though the country has relatively little polymer manufacturing capabilities and is reliant on imports for most of its needs. The Turkish plastics industry grew 5.2% in the first quarter of 2017 and 5.1% in the second quarter, exceeding previous expectations. Production is also forecast to increase by 9.4%. The country's geographical location means it has formed strong trade partnerships with Europe, Middle Asia, Asia and the Middle East combined with a youthful population and rising middle incomes means the outlook up to 2020 still looks largely positive.
Within Turkey projections for the increase in plastics production are particularly optimistic and AMI agrees that it is reasonable to expect a rise in market demand. Turkey is already a major player in the Middle East and European plastics industries, this is anticipated to continue in the coming years.
AMI has just released its latest version of Plastics Processors in Turkey providing contact and production information on 1130 plastics manufacturing sites across the country.