text:
Plants (Not-Particularized)
Plants (Particularized)
WORKING TOWARDS PARTICULARIZATION
OPEN KINGDOM CHURCH
Melbourne, Pastor Paul Cha
Open Kingdom Church was planted with the intention of establishing a multi-ethnic church that preaches the true Gospel. We desire to bring true salvation, healing, and restoration among multi-cultural families and the next generation. -- Learn More...
UPC Lake Nona
Lake Nona, Pastor BJ Milgate
UPC Lake Nona began as a church plant in Lake Nona called Christ Community Church. In the summer of 2014 we joined with University Presbyterian Church Orlando as a second campus of their ministry to the Lake Nona area. Our mission is to see people grow in the cross shape life. -- Learn More...
CHRIST UNITED FELLOWSHIP
Orlando, Pastor Michael Aitcheson
Christ United Fellowship was planted in 2014 with a desire to be a gospel-centered diverse church where anyone is welcome to come experience, be transformed by and share the love of Christ. -- Learn More...
REDEEMER SOUTHWEST CHURCH
Winter Haven, Pastor Jeff Skipper
Redeemer Southwest launched in January of 2016 with a desire to reach the southwest quadrant of Winter Haven. Our desire is to make Jesus' invisible Kingdom visible in Winter Haven, Polk County and the world. -- Learn More...
VINTAGE GRACE CHURCH
Jacksonville (Oakleaf), Pastor Russell Jeffares
Vintage Grace church is a gospel-centered, missional church in the OakLeaf area. We launched in 2016 with a desire to start a church with vision of service, generosity, and multiplication. -- Learn More...
St. Petersburg, Pastor Justin Woodall
City Church began in 2017 as a new church in and for the downtown community of St. Petersburg. We are committed to the message of Jesus, having real community with one another, and being a part of the downtown community. -- Learn More...


text:
Bergur Þórisson
Ingénieur·e du son - Musicien/ne
Musicien, producteur et ingénieur du son islandais. Depuis Utopia, il a participé à trois tournées. Il joue du clavier, de la flûte et du violon.
Il a également son propre studio en Islande. En plus de travailler régulièrement avec Ólafur Arnalds, il a fondé un groupe : HUGAR.
Collaboration avec Björk
Participation à l'enregistrement du prochain album
Participation à l'enregistrement d'Utopia
Tournée Utopia : Trombone et machines
Tournée Cornucopia : directeur musical et présent aussi sur scène
A propos de son travail avec Björk
How did you get started working with Björk ?
"I actually just got a phone call like, 'Hey, are you available to work with Björk tomorrow ?' and I'm like 'Wow, sure, I can probably move stuff around'.
She came to me back in 2016 and she said that she wanted some flutes. I said, 'Sure, how many flutes do you want ?' and she said, 'Can we get 12 Icelandic girls (who are) professional flute players ?' There are 300,000 (girls) that live here, so that's a pretty tough one, but I managed to find 12 for the album, and we did a bunch of rehearsals in a cabin. It was a really beautiful experience and she made the most beautiful music for the flute players and we rehearsed and recorded it. We called them 'Flute Fridays' and we'd go to the bakery to pick up some baked goods. Later, we did a bit of experimenting with fewer flute players and it turned out seven was the perfect number for tour. "
Can you tell me about the 50-man Hamrahlid Choir ?
"I used to be in that choir actually, and Björk too. It's a legendary choir that's been going on for 50 years, with the same conductor. She's this amazing, now-old woman who's kind of like Björk. She has this power over people and you instantly just know she knows what she's doing. I had experience working with the choir so it was kind of smooth sailing. But, of course, we were taking 50 kids on tour.
When I took the choir to New York, we only had a month's notice. We had to buy the flights and they had three days to decide if they were going to go or not. Of course, it's not ideal in so many ways but what happens when everything is so last minute is that everyone is on their toes and that's when the real magic happens.
The shows started in May, which is when many members in school had their exams. We thought, 'Wow, we're probably gonna get like ten of them to say yes', but then almost every single person in the choir made arrangements. They were doing their exams in the embassy in New York, and because of the time difference, they had to show up in the middle of the night and were studying between shows. It was just beautiful to see how much they really wanted to do it and they had so much fun and you know that."
Do you have any funny anecdotes ?
"She started talking about, you know, 'We're going to have a choreographer and have them dance', and I'm like, 'You know we already found seven Icelandic flute players that are ready to go on tour, that are all female – and now you want them to learn the music by heart and dance at the same time ?'
We sat down with the flute players and told them they had to dance, and they were like 'Okay, we can memorise the music, but the steps can't be that complicated.' What they're doing right now is a full flat dance routine. It's not easy, and doing that while playing and memorising all the music is absolutely insane."
Dazed - Novembre 2019
Tout comme Björk, il a fait partie plus jeune du Hamrahlíð Choir.
bergurthorisson.com
Björk présentera Cornucopia à New York au printemps 2019
Documentaire technique sur Cornucopia
Björk évoque ses futurs projets

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Chiropractic is the term used for the treatment of the body's injuries and pains using spinal manipulation. It relies on the belief that most of our body's pains can be treated without surgery and by simply having musculoskeletal adjustments. Chiropractors believe that the body (especially the spinal cord) is able to regenerate by itself, thus healing injured parts.
Chiropractic adjustments are commonly applied to those who are experiencing pain in their muscles, bones, and joints. It can also help in relieving the pain felt in your connective tissues. However, these days this practice is expanding to include posture correction, exercises, laser therapies, and body consultations.
You might be wondering why the focus of chiropractic treatments is on the spine. This is because your spinal cord is connected to your nervous system which controls every voluntary movement in the body. It also controls hormones by way of your brain.
When you undergo chiropractic treatments, you will also encounter the phrase "spinal manipulation" all the time. Even though this phrase sounds painful, there is nothing to be afraid of because chiropractors are trained to do adjustments that will not shock your joints and muscles.
Spinal manipulation is done by putting pressure on a joint and moving it beyond its normal range of motion. When your chiropractor does this, you would often hear a cracking or popping sound. This sound means that a bubble of air bursts into the synovial fluid that lubricates your joints.
How do chiropractic adjustments relieve pain?
Pain relief with chiropractic adjustments can be done to different parts of the body. In fact, pain relief is one of the most common benefits of chiropractic treatments. It has been proven time and time again that patients who went through this kind of health care were able to recover and to have better joint movement after a few weeks. Pain in the neck, head, and back are some of the body parts it focuses on.
What makes chiropractic effective for pain relief?
There are many reasons as to why chiropractic treatments offer pain relief. Read on to find out.
It does not involve the use of medicine and drugs.
Because chiropractors believe in the body's natural ability to heal itself, they do not prescribe painkillers and antibiotics to their patients. Using drugs for pain management only heals injuries temporarily and this does not prevent similar situations in the future.
On the other hand, the use of chiropractic treatments follows a holistic approach to healing. Its short-term goal is to lessen and completely remove the pain the patient is feeling, but its long-term goal is to have a healthy body wherein pain and injuries can be prevented. What makes this approach more pleasing to a lot of people is that there are no side effects when it comes to recovery.
It safely supplements other treatments.
Another plus for chiropractic treatment is that it can be a supplement for your other pain relief treatments. When you're experiencing chronic pain, it's hard to depend on one form of treatment to get you by. Some people have painkillers and other medications. What makes chiropractic treatment perfect for this is that it is natural and you do not have to take anything in to ease the pain. However, you should still notify your doctors regarding this.
It is a proven pain relief method.
Aside from the many people who can testify to chiropractic's effectiveness, a lot of research has results that show chiropractic being a good form of pain relief. In a study done by the Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, among the patients that went through chiropractic treatments and family physicians, those who took the former showed more improvement and pain relief than the latter.
Aside from bodily pain, you can also experience tension in your head like migraines and headaches. Because chiropractic takes into account the health of the whole body, going through this kind of health care can help prevent additional pain experienced by your head.
One of the reasons why people get migraines is the lack of oxygen and proper blood flow. Having chiropractic treatments improves blood flow and makes sure that all other joints of the body are in proper condition.
This entry was posted in Chiropractors and tagged Chiropractic Adjustments. Bookmark the permalink.


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Stefanie Stappenbeck est une actrice allemande née le  à Potsdam (Allemagne).

Biographie
Stefanie Stappenbeck est la fille du théologien Christian Stappenbeck. Elle a passé son enfance à Berlin, avec deux sœurs cadettes.

Son talent a été découvert à l'âge de neuf ans lors d'une audition de la télévision de la RDA, puis elle joue en 1986 dans le film Der Elterntauschladen. Elle est ensuite Anette dans le film  Die Weihnachtsgans Auguste (1988). Ayant obtenu son diplôme de fin d'études secondaires en 1992, Stefanie débute à 18 ans sur la scène du Deutsches Theater à Berlin. Elle est choisie pour le film de Gerhart Hauptmann Der Biberpelz.

En dépit de ces succès, sa candidature à l'Académie des arts dramatiques Ernst Busch, à Berlin, est refusée, ce qui fait qu'elle ne dispose pas d'un diplôme de comédienne. Elle a néanmoins joué entre autres au Berliner Ensemble et aux Hamburger Kammerspiele.

Dans les années 1995 et 1999 elle est nominée par le magazine allemand Theater heute comme meilleure jeune actrice. Depuis 1996, on la voit à la télévision, notamment dans certains épisodes des séries Tatort et Polizeiruf-110, ainsi que dans les séries Siska et Der Alte.

Elle est récompensée pour son interprétation du rôle de Felicitas dans le film de Margarethe von Trotta, Dunkle Tage (1999). En 2000, elle joue Viktoria Herrmann dans le film Deutschlandspiel de  Hans-Christoph Blumenberg. L'année suivante, elle est Monika Mann dans la trilogie de Heinrich Breloer Die Manns – Ein Jahrhundertroman. On a pu la voir en 2006 dans le rôle d'Ali dans Komm näher de Vanessa Jopp.

Dès 2009, elle accompagne Jörg Hube comme nouvelle enquêteuse dans Polizeiruf 110 du Bayerischer Rundfunk. Mais Hube meurt en  et une seule série a pu être tournée. Après deux autres épisodes sans lui, Stefanie quitte la série.

En 2012, elle tient le rôle principal, à côté de Max von Pufendorf, dans la série médicale Auf Herz und Nieren, puis on la voit dans les romans filmés Joachim-Vernau, par Elisabeth Herrmann, dans  le rôle de l'avocate Marie-Luise Hoffmann.

Entre 2013 et 2016 elle apparaît à diverses reprises comme Isabella Schoppenroth dans les productions Tatort du Norddeutscher Rundfunk et elle reprend ce rôle dans le film Tschiller: Off Duty, sorti début 2016 dans les cinémas allemands.

Stefanie Stappenbeck épouse en  le batteur Christopher Farr. Le couple a une fille depuis 2014.

L'actrice patronne le LAM-Verein ou LAM Selbsthilfe Deutschland, association qui vient en aide aux patientes victimes d'une maladie rare ne touchant que des femmes, la lymphangioleiomyomatose.

Filmographie
 1986 : Der Elterntauschladen (TV)
 1988 : Die Weihnachtsgans Auguste (TV) : Annette
 1990 : Die Mauerbrockenbande : Sibylle
 1990 : Biologie : Ulla
 1993 : Polizeiruf 110 (série télévisée) : Tina
 1994 : Der Biberpelz (TV)
 1994 : Die Gerichtsreporterin (série télévisée) : Eva Körber
 1996 : Life Is Too Short to Dance with Ugly Women
 1996 : Ein Bernhardiner namens Möpschen
 1996 : Un amour de professeur (Verdammt, er liebt mich) (TV) : Fabienne
 1996 : Der Andere Wolanski (TV) : Mascha
 1996 : Wolkenstein (série télévisée) : Anna Gregor
 1996 : King of Evergreen (TV) : Susie
 1997 : Das Recht auf meiner Seite (TV) : Camilla Wentland
 1997 : Rosenkavalier : Maxi
 1997 : Dr. Sommerfeld - Neues vom Bülowbogen (série télévisée) : Melanie Bruhns
 1998 : Die Einzige Chance (TV) : Lena
 1998 : Rot wie das Blut (TV) : Ginnie
 1999 : Dunkle Tage (TV) : Felicitas (18)
 1999 : Beckmann und Markowski - Gehetzt (TV) : Diane
 1999 : L'Empreinte du crime (Die Cleveren) (série télévisée) : Grete Hansen
 2000 : Einer ist immer dabei
 2000 : Ben & Maria - Liebe auf den zweiten Blick (TV) : Maria
 2000 : Les Heures historiques (Deutschlandspiel) (TV) : Viktoria Herrmann
 2000 : 008 - Agent wider Willen (TV)
 2001 : Stahlnetz (série télévisée) : Sandra Bienek
 2001 : Gnadenlose Bräute (TV) : Fine
 2001 : Thomas Mann et les siens (Die Manns - Ein Jahrhundertroman) (série télévisée) : Monika Mann
 2002 : Betty - Schön wie der Tod (TV) : Dina
 2003 : Hotte im Paradies (TV) : Yvonne
 2003 : September : Natascha
 2003 : Der Aufstand (TV) : Erika Sarre
 2003 : Le Renard (Der Alte) (série télévisée) : Hanna Koch
 2003 : Verkauftes Land (TV) : Stefanie Schucht
 2004 : Die Dreigroschenoper (TV) : Polly Peachum
 2004 : Romance à l'italienne (Italiener und andere Süßigkeiten) (TV) : Charlotte Berg
 2004 : Jena Paradies : Jeanette Bauch
 2004 : Sex & mehr (TV) : Valerie Kopp
 2005 : Die Letzte Schlacht (TV)
 2005 : Barfuss : Jessica
 2005 : Season Greetings : Katja
 2005 : Das Zimmermädchen (TV) : Carla
 2005 : Tigerkraut : Katie
 2006 : Luzis zett : Zed
 2006 : À pas de loup (Komm näher) : Ali
 2006 : Unter anderen Umständen (série télévisée) : Susanne Ahrens
 2006 : J'ai quatre filles (Vier Töchter) : Katharina
 2007 : Enceinte ou presque ! (Nur ein kleines bisschen schwanger) (TV) : Nina Hedler
 2007 : Mickey & Maria : Maria
 2007 : Kein Geld der Welt (TV) : Lisa
 2007 : Siska (série télévisée) : Birgit Farner
 2007 : Liebling, wir haben geerbt! (TV) : Annika
 2008 : Der Mann an ihrer Seite (TV) : Eva Hübner
 2008 : Pizza und Marmelade : Lucia
 2008 : Der Heckenschütze (TV) : Hanna Iglau
 2008 : Ki.Ka-Krimi.de (série télévisée) : Petra Knapp
 2008 : 1 1/2 Ritter - Auf der Suche nach der hinreißenden Herzelinde : Brünhilde
 2008 : Un cas pour deux (Ein Fall für zwei) (série télévisée) : Helen
 2009 : Schimanski (Tatort) (série télévisée) : Beate Schütz
 2009 : Die Wölfe (série télévisée) : Silke
 2010 : Un amour de filature (Katie Fforde - Eine Liebe in den Highlands) (TV) : Gwendolyn "Gwen" Dalmain
 2011 : La Tentation d'aimer (Kann denn Liebe Sünde sein?) (TV) : Maria
 2011 : Niemand ist eine Insel
 2012 : Auf Herz und Nieren
 2012 : Das Kindermädchen
 2012 : Deckname Luna
 2012 : Sechzehneichen
 2013 : Der Minister
 2014 : Ohne dich
 2014 : Die letzte Instanz
 2013 : Im Alleingang – Elemente des Zweifels
 2013 : Der Minister
 2013 : Tatort : Willkommen in Hamburg
 2013 : Soko brigade des stups (Fernsehserie, Folge Ausgespäht)
 2014 : Ohne dich
 2014 : Der Staatsanwalt (Fernsehserie, Folge Vaterliebe)
 2014 : Unter Anklage : Der Fall Harry Wörz
 2014 : Tatort : Kopfgeld
 2014 : Mit Burnout durch den Wald
 2015 : Blauwasserleben
 2015 : Super-Dad
 2016 : Tatort : Der große Schmerz
 2016 : Tschiller : Off Duty
 2016 : Mission Istanbul de Christian Alvart
 2016 : Unter anderen Umständen – Tod eines Stalkers (série télévisée)
 dès 2016 : Une équipe de choc (série télévisée):
 2016 : Neid ist auch keine Lösung
 2016 : Richtig Gut Leben (documentaire, 4 épisodes)
 2017 : Der Polizist, der Mord und das Kind
 2017 : Der 7. Tag
 2018 : Die Toten vom Bodensee (série télévisée)

Liens externes

Références

Actrice allemande
Naissance en avril 1974
Naissance à Potsdam

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


If you found a wormhole linking Elliott Smith's Pacific Northwest, NRBQ's Austin Tx, and Rufus Wainwright's New York City but could only access it from just across the Illinois state line. You'd probably find Marty Finkel's new CD "It's Alright Now" at the nearest record store. While that may seem like a lot for record to live up to, trust us it just works. Recorded to reflect the real sound of a real songwriter and his band , we're proud to present Marty's new record, warts and all. Genuine rock-n-roll from the genuine article. "It's Alright Now", in fact it's a blast.


House extensions are growing in popularity as more and more home owners decide to extend their homes rather than sell and buy a bigger property. With our expertise in building energy efficient homes we can ensure that the new build is highly energy efficient while also ensuring that the current building performs just as well.
We understand that the last thing you will want is a difference in performance between the new and existing part of your home. By using the correct insulation, thermal bridging and air tightness techniques in your existing building we can transform the performance of the envelope. Larger house extensions require approval under the Building Regulations. Smaller extensions (under 40m2) don't require planning permission, providing you build within certain guidelines.
O'Gorman Homes were employed by the client to refurbish and extend a 1970's semi-detached property in Douglas Cork. This included a folding sliding door system allowing removal of the glazed wall by simply sliding back the doors on to a beautifully decked garden area. As an older property a key focus of the refurbishment was energy efficiency.


U.S. Model 1910 Enlisted Man's Garrison Belt with Buckle Made by Mill's. Has the belt slide. For the Krag Bayonet.
Nazi Party Leader Belt and Buckle, Assman marked.
Vintage U.S. Naval Officer's Buckle, Naval Button, and Specialty Patches.
S. African Belt for military or police.


You have helped me out several time with a prior gun purchase and I need your wisdom once more.
You reviewed the Woodlander from Caesar Guerini. I have heard from two dealers that they aren't going to stock the straight grip anymore because it feels "odd" and several people said that it doesn't fit correctly. You felt the gun: anything feel wrong to you? Seems like everyone loves the POW grip and the Schnabel. I would love to see the gun with English stock and a trip field forend like the one on the old Sig LL Bean gun. Add double triggers and ohlala.
What a dealer stocks is, of course, up to that dealer. He tries to order what his customers will buy. An English stock on a single trigger O/U has always been a matter of personal choice. I've got two Superposed Superlight O/Us with English stocks and like them quite a bit. I also like the traditional round knob look. It's just personal preference. As to the stock not fitting correctly because it doesn't have a pistol grip, again, that's personal choice.
Since we are on personal choice, I happen to loathe Schnable forends. I think they look ungainly and, even worse, are dysfunctional. The lip dings my left hand forefinger because I have long arms and run my left hand well forward. The lip is also thin, thus fragile, and is more prone to damage in the field. On the brighter side, it takes very little effort to grind off that Schnable lip. Once you do that and refinish properly, the forend will be pretty good looking.
If Guerini doesn't have the gun you want, contact the folks at Rizzini USA. B.Rizzini made the LL Bean gun. You may be able to get them to set you up with an English stock, double triggers and a small, sensible, aesthetic forend without that Hapsburg lip. That LL Bean Rizzini in 20 gauge with 28″ bbls was one sweet gun. I don't believe it is a current item any more. It was one of the few screw choked O/Us that has dynamics which approach those of the older fixed choke guns like the 20 gauge round knob/long tang Belgian Browning O/Us of the '60s.
Or you could look around in the used gun market. Some time ago, on http://www.GunsAmerica.com I ran across a Fabrique Nationale Superposed Superlight in 12 gauge, 27-1/2″ bbls choked 1/4 + 3/4, solid top rib, small field forend, swan neck stock (sort of English with a slight belly) and double triggers. It was built for the European market. It's about as close to the ideal wild pheasant gun as I'm ever going to come. I've never seen the same configuration in a 20, but perhaps some were made.
One other point, gun preferences can be surprisingly regional. I'm always surprised at how one type of gun can be so popular/unpopular in my area of New England and yet be considered exactly the opposite in another part of the country. I'm sure that part of this is due to the difference in the birds hunted from region to region, but much of it has to do with local personal tastes and preferences.
Don't let what other people want affect what you want. Take your time and get exactly what pleases you. Both the Guerini and B. Rizzini are good guns and will last you a lifetime, so get it right even if you have to wait a while for the features you want. If you buy a gun that is merely "almost" right, it will be a constant nagging irritation. If you get it just the way you want it, it will be a joy for a very long time.
This entry was posted in Shotguns and tagged B.Rizzini, Caesar Guerini. Bookmark the permalink.


Great poem. I sometimes feel like that.
"Some other day, at last, is here." Or, "Some other day, alas, is here". # 1 is my pick. Both of those lines have 8 syllables. Your version has 8, 8, 8, 6. I think it would be perfect with 8, 8, 8,8.


text:
Explore - FR
La CPS
CRGA et conférence
Les Divisions de la CPS
Publication des garanties environnementales et sociales
Contacter la CPS
Antenne régionale de Suva
Bureau regional pour la Mélanésie
Bureau régional pour la Micronésie
Bureau régional pour la Polynésie
Représentation de la CPS en Europe
Actus Web
À l'agenda
Point d'info Covid-19
Quinzième session du Comité scientifique de la Commission des pêches du Pacifique occidental et central
(disponible en anglais uniquement)
Lors de cette session, la CPS, en collaboration avec l'Agence des pêches du Forum des Îles du Pacifique, a présenté les dernières données sur les prises de thonidés dans le Pacifique occidental et central. Les premières estimations pour 2018 s'élèvent à plus de 2,7 millions de tonnes, pour une valeur marchande légèrement supérieure à 6 milliards de dollars des États-Unis d'Amérique.
Ground-breaking science at the 15th meeting of the WCPFC Scientific Committee
Representatives from countries across and beyond the Pacific met this August in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia for the 15th Regular Session of the Scientific Committee (SC) of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC). At this meeting, delegates review the latest science relevant to the management of migratory species in the western and central Pacific Ocean (WCPO), and make formal recommendations to the WCPFC meeting held in December each year. This is the big meeting for the scientific team of the Oceanic Fisheries Programme (OFP) of the Pacific Community (SPC). OFP is the WCPFC's scientific and data management services provider. The OFP papers and presentations to this meeting provide the backbone for important discussions on the scientific aspects of the largest tuna fishery in the world. It is also the key pathway through which OFP's work translates into concrete outputs for Pacific Island communities. The OFP team was heavily involved in presentations and working groups for all four themes reviewed by the SC: data and statistics; stock status; management issues; and ecosystems and bycatch mitigation.
SPC – in collaboration with the Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency – provided the latest tuna catch information for the WCPO. The provisional tuna catch for 2018 was estimated at over 2.7 million tonnes, with a delivered value of just over USD 6 billion. This catch level was the second highest on record, and represented just over 80% of the total Pacific Ocean catch and 55% of the global tuna catch. Given the impact of our new knowledge on bigeye growth on the estimated status of this stock, there has been great interest in improving our understanding of the biology of all tuna stocks in the WCPO. The latest ageing results developed in collaboration with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation in Australia for both bigeye and yellowfin tuna were presented to this meeting of the SC. While there is still more work to be done, this new information will feed into new assessments of both of these stocks that are scheduled for next year.
This year, new stock assessments were presented by SPC for WCPO skipjack, southwest Pacific striped marlin, and WCPO oceanic whitetip shark.
Figure 1. 2019 Majuro plot (Named 'Majuro plot' because it was first presented at the SC10 meeting in 2014 – held in Majuro)
The skipjack assessment benefited from a new understanding of the stock's biology that was provided by Japanese colleagues. Similar to bigeye tuna last year, this changed our perception of the status of the stock slightly, but it continues to be in the 'green zone' of our 'Majuro plot' (i.e. not overfished, and not subject to overfishing) (Fig. 1). This assessment will form the basis for further work in 2019 to inform the WCPFC as to whether the interim target reference point for the stock (the level the stock should be at to achieve what managers want from the fishery) should be adjusted.
The southwest Pacific striped marlin assessment presented this year was the first performed since 2012. Across the range of models examined within this year's assessment, over two-thirds indicated that the stock was overfished, although more than half of the models indicated that overfishing has not been occurring recently. The potential management actions required for this stock, including the enhancement of the current management measure, will form part of discussions at the 16th meeting of the WCPFC in December.
The oceanic whitetip shark assessment, led by the New Zealand consultancy Dragonfly, indicated that the stock was below most management benchmarks. Management measures are currently in place for this stock aimed at reducing fishing impacts. While the assessment suggests these are having a beneficial impact, further work has been identified to examine whether the measure is sufficient to allow stock recovery.
In the discussions on management issues, SPC scientists presented work to support the 'harvest strategy' approach to tuna stocks. This approach focuses on longer-term objectives for fisheries and stocks, and aims to move away from annual short-term decision-making. This work is ongoing, and the latest developments in the framework for skipjack and South Pacific albacore were presented. A key future development is a consideration of the consequences of managing the fisheries of one stock on other stocks caught in the WCPO. This 'multispecies' issue was the focus of two different SPC papers, which highlighted the interactions that need to be taken into account when developing both target reference points for bigeye and yellowfin tuna stocks, and when developing harvest strategies for these stocks and key fisheries.
Two SPC-led analyses related to fish aggregation devices (FADs) in the WCPO were presented. The first, in collaboration with the Parties to the Nauru Agreement (PNA), evaluated the latest information from the PNA FAD tracking programme. It presented the spatial pattern of FADs, whether areas of higher FAD densities had different tuna catch rates, and the fate of FADs, particularly those that drifted outside the main fishing grounds of the companies that owned them and eventually beached on shorelines or coral reefs. The second, in collaboration with industry partners Tri Marine and South Pacific Tuna Corporation, presented preliminary analyses of the patterns of tuna aggregation below FADs, as estimated by echosounders fitted to drifting FADs. Echosounder use on FADs is now widespread throughout the fishery, and has the potential to provide novel and valuable information for scientific analyses. Insights into the pattern and rate at which tunas may aggregate around newly deployed FADs, trends just prior to fishing set events, and the spatial pattern of biomass estimates were presented for the first time.
Ongoing tagging of tuna around FADs, to examine how long individuals remain around FADs and their behaviour while they remained there, has begun to identify some of these patterns in relation to factors that influence tuna aggregations such as local FAD density, moon phase and time of day at the FAD. This exciting work has already provided some interesting results that may help identify new mitigation measures for the catches of small bigeye and yellowfin in sets around FADs.
Finally, reflecting the fact that target tuna are not the only marine species caught during fishing operations, we developed estimates of annual seabird mortality using the latest information collected by regional observers. Bycatch estimates in the purse-seine fishery were very low (approximately one mortality per year). In longline fisheries, for which mortality estimates were higher, the spatial pattern of incidences was examined for the most recent years, where enough observer information was available. Increasing the coverage of observers on longline vessels would help improve these calculations and highlight approaches to further reduce impacts.
In addition to SPC's work, contributions were also presented by our scientific colleagues who work across the Pacific, including an assessment for North Pacific striped marlin by the International Scientific Committee for Tuna and Tuna-like Species in the North Pacific Ocean, alternative assessment approaches for sharks by Dragonfly Consulting, estimates of shark release mortality by the United States, and a report from a workshop on the issue by the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction project, work on biodegradable FAD designs and ecosystem indicators by the European Union, and safe release guidelines for birds developed by New Zealand scientists.
Next year's proposed assessments for SPC include bigeye and yellowfin tuna. Further work for OFP in 2019 includes the WCPFC's Technical and Compliance Committee (TCC) meeting, and the WCPFC meeting to be held in Port Moresby in December, where the SC's and TCC's recommendations are reviewed and translated into actual management measures and regulations.
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Graham Pilling, Deputy Director FAME, Oceanic Fisheries Programme | Graha[email protected]
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Sho Madjozi made Mzansi proud in 2018.
If you're going to get kicked off stage, it better be for twerking on the DJ booth. Iyaah, Sho Madjozi, left, did this at the Afropunk after party, after performing at the festival in New York in August.
This didn't stop Coldplay's Chris Martin - who curated the lineup for the Global Citizen Festival where she performed. Throw in an Elle magazine cover, an SA Style Award for Most Innovative Style and a great debut album, and it's clear that Sho Madjozi unapologetically owned 2018.
After writing the much-acclaimed debut novel The Yearning, Mashigo was not afraid to change it up. She has spectacularly tackled the short story and written such a wonderful, weirdly surreal collection in Intruders. Mashigo also talks openly about her depression and anxiety. "Depression isn't sadness," she has said. "It is emptiness. It has nothing to do with how much people love you, because you don't believe it. Or how many people have read your books or how well you're doing, it's just about feeling empty."
The comedian has become one of the sharpest talk-show hosts. He now embodies The Daily Show. His Between the Scenes (which has just him talking and answering questions from the audience in between ad breaks) have become some of the most popular clips on YouTube, and rightly so, for his heartfelt, hilarious and, most of all, revelatory improv.
Jacaranda FM listeners weren't laughing when the comedian made an apt apartheid analogy. Businesses pulled advertising and some labelled Morake a racist. After leaving the station, she returned to the comedy stage and toured with Ndumiso Lindi. Those hate-speech accusations are long forgotten as she's laughing in HD on Netflix after landing a comedy special. Post body-shaming, Morake is flaunting a new body and a new book, adding writer to her CV with her tell-all, And Then Mama Said.
If the phrase "secure the bag" had a patron saint, there is no doubt that one Meghan Markle would be it. The former forgettable and little-known actress whom we only knew from the TV show Suits, proved that ngeke uyi-confirme i-life.
After much speculation and "haterade", she dashed many a princess-in-waiting's dreams by marrying Prince Harry after a brief courtship. But beyond that, what really makes Meghan worthy of the person of the year is that, like a super-organism, she has handled the microscopic attention she has been thrust under with grace and style.
From laughing like old pals with the Queen at their first joint public engagement, putting her mother on by doing public appearances with her, to what can easily be deemed one of the moments of the year, when she clutched her belly at the British Fashion Awards to let us see her royal bump in all its glory! So, yeah - bow down b***** to her royal highness.
After shedding his adopted last name Touré (an ode to Malian desert blues legend Ali Farka Touré), the singer and author moved to London to spread his wings (and escape the homophobia and death threats he received following his arresting performance in Inxeba: The Wound).
Now signed to BMG France, Nakhane released a stunning second album, You Will Not Die, which saw him become an artist entirely of his own making (the perfect time to shed a moniker that was hinged on another musician, then).
Nakhane has dominated radio waves across the world in 2018.
He toured Europe, dazzled Elton John (who then interviewed him) and spent time with Madonna. Made it.
Black Book Clubs may not be a person, but they are proliferating. Groups like Bookwormers, Literary Alliance and Bookomoso, alongside podcasters The Cheeky Natives are a shot in the arm for local authors and, by extension, local publishing too.


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text:
Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike
April 26 – May 26
(No performance on May 4 or May 17)
by Christopher Durang
Winner of the 2013 Tony Award for Best Play. Middle-aged siblings Vanya and Sonia share a home in Bucks County, PA, where they bicker and complain about the circumstances of their lives. Suddenly, their movie-star sister, Masha, swoops in with her new boy toy, Spike. Old resentments flare up, eventually leading to threats to sell the house. Also on the scene are sassy maid Cassandra, who can predict the future, and a lovely young aspiring actress named Nina, whose prettiness somewhat worries the imperious Masha.
Fridays and Saturdays at 8:00, Sundays at 4:00
February 19- March 13
March 25 - April 16
April 29- May 29
Peter and the Starcatcher
June 3 - July 10
Thoroughly Modern Millie
August 27 - September 25
Evil Dead The Musical
October 1 - October 31
Sunshine Boys
November 5 - November 27
Holiday in the Hills


text:
ReSTART PROGRAM
The Helping Hands That Matter
By: Wendy Tong, Findlay City Mission
This past summer, during the Hancock County Fair, the fair offices graciously afforded us not one booth, but two booths to accept non-perishable food donations. For those of you who are not aware of how it works, I will explain. Each year, we are given tickets by the fair office to pass out to anyone who brings non-perishable goods to our City Mission booths. We give out a ticket for each item donated. With that ticket the donor then exchanges it for a ride ticket at the fair ticket booth. We have done this for the last 4 or 5 years. Each year, the amount of donations that we receive gets larger and larger. As we grow our services at the City Mission, we are feeding more and more people each year, so we are beyond thankful to receive such a wonderful blessing from those who give at the fair.
Having two booths means that we have to double the number of City Mission volunteers for this event. Last year, we were graciously approached by two different community outreach groups. One was the Findlay Service League and the other was Chive On NW Ohio. Both groups did quite an amazing job! They worked in two hour shifts the entire day. We even had one guy that volunteered and he came all the way from Dayton. But each one who came and volunteered was incredible.
My point is that there are good people out there in this world who have a giving heart and want to serve and they don't know how. They are not entirely sure of what we do here at the Mission and they don't know how to get involved. Hopefully, I can clear up some of those things below.
The City Mission is an emergency shelter for the homeless in Hancock County and the surrounding area. We also provide lunch and dinner daily to residents and community guests. We have served almost 40,000 meals in 2017 and approximately 60,000 meals last year. We house men, women, & families. We have more than tripled in size since 2015 when we reopened the Mission after our building expansion. We have program managers who help connect our residents to necessary local resources. They work very hard in getting our residents back on their feet. We also volunteers serving in our kitchen and food distribution center each day to help the Mission run smoothly.
It's not an easy task. We are working hard at striving to keep people off the streets and when we think about it, it's like the body of Christ with all its moving parts. The passage that comes to mind is:
12 There is one body, but it has many parts. But all its many parts make up one body. It is the same with Christ. 13 We were all baptized by one Holy Spirit. And so we are formed into one body. It didn't matter whether we were Jews or Gentiles, slaves or free people. We were all given the same Spirit to drink. 14 So the body is not made up of just one part. It has many parts.
15 Suppose the foot says, "I am not a hand. So I don't belong to the body." By saying this, it cannot stop being part of the body. 16 And suppose the ear says, "I am not an eye. So I don't belong to the body." By saying this, it cannot stop being part of the body. 17 If the whole body were an eye, how could it hear? If the whole body were an ear, how could it smell? 18 God has placed each part in the body just as he wanted it to be. 19 If all the parts were the same, how could there be a body? 20 As it is, there are many parts. But there is only one body.
21 The eye can't say to the hand, "I don't need you!" The head can't say to the feet, "I don't need you!" 22 In fact, it is just the opposite. The parts of the body that seem to be weaker are the ones we can't do without. 23 The parts that we think are less important we treat with special honor. The private parts aren't shown. But they are treated with special care. 24 The parts that can be shown don't need special care. But God has put together all the parts of the body. And he has given more honor to the parts that didn't have any. 25 In that way, the parts of the body will not take sides. All of them will take care of one another. 26 If one part suffers, every part suffers with it. If one part is honored, every part share in its joy.
27 You are the body of Christ. Each one of you is a part of it.
The saying, "It takes a village to raise a family" – it sure does! The volunteers are the hands of the City Mission. Without volunteers we cannot function! Think about being the helping hand for the people who we strive to serve!
For more information on volunteering, please visit our website https://www.findlaymission.org/our-needs.htmland scroll down to see our volunteering needs. Contact our volunteer scheduler, Bob Barr (bobbarr@findlaymission.org), with any questions.
DARREL THE BARREL
EMPLOYMENT APPLICATION
510 West Main Cross
Findlay, Ohio 45840
The City Mission of Findlay is a proud member of the following organizations:
Citygate Network Mission Member, and Findlay Hancock Chamber of Commerce
View the City Mission's 501c3 status, 990 access, or financial information.
*The pictures and names of the homeless, unless specifically noted, are not of local homeless people.
This organization is tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. It is eligible to receive contributions deductible as charitable donations for federal income tax purposes.
© 2021 Findlay City Mission, All rights reserved.


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text:
Q: Merging two active record associations rails We are implementing filters in ruby on rails and where the filters may combine with AND/OR conditions.
To achieve OR between filter conditions
Filter 1 OR Filter 1 OR Filter 3 = We achieved this with the rails or method(https://blog.bigbinary.com/2016/05/30/rails-5-adds-or-support-in-active-record.html) by combining two active record relations with OR.
For eg: the filter conditions are,
id is 1 or id is 2
To achieve this,
Person.where(id: 1).or(Person.where(id: 2)
The query produced will be,  SELECT "people".* FROM "people" WHERE ("people"."id" = $1 OR "people"."id" = $2)  [["id", 1], ["id", 2]]
To achieve AND between filter conditions
The main problem we faced is to combine filters with AND condition,
id is 1 AND id is 2
We tried to use merge method in rails but with that method, the same conditions will be overridden by the most recent condition. Found this as well rails issue
Person.where(id:1).merge(Person.where(id:2))
# The first condition is overridden by second, if the same condition is on the same column.
Person Load (0.7ms)  SELECT "people".* FROM "people" WHERE "people"."id" = $1  [["id", 2]]

Note: the example I provided may look simple but the filter logic is really complex, so we can't just be chaining rails scopes there.
((id is 1 or id is 2) AND (id is 10 or id is 20))
This is how a simple filter will look like. There is much more complexity can be added. Our filter will look like ransack demo app.
What we will do is combine all inner blocks with OR and combine all outer blocks with AND. Can anyone suggest a better approach if the filter condition is AND and the column is to be queried in the same column?
Thanks in advance.
We also thought to get the where conditions and do string concatenation. But hope that is the worst-case scenario.

A: To achieve OR and AND between filter conditions, you can simply use arel table. Arel table make comlex query simpler and easier to do.
Another way, you can still use ransack. I think this and this is what you want in ransack.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Il doppio maschile del Dunlop World Challenge 2013 è stato un torneo di tennis facente parte dell'ATP Challenger Tour 2013.

Chase Buchanan e Blaž Rola hanno battuto in finale Marcus Daniell e Artem Sitak 4-6, 6-3, [10-4].

Teste di serie

  Marin Draganja /  Mate Pavić (semifinali)
  Sanchai Ratiwatana /  Sonchat Ratiwatana (primo turno)

  James Cerretani /  Adil Shamasdin (quarti di finale)
  Pierre-Hugues Herbert /  Frank Moser (ritiro)

Tabellone

Note

Dunlop World Challenge 2013
ATP Challenger Tour 2013


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Being a new mom is tough, but it's also something amazing to celebrate. Personalized jewelry and baby items are great gift ideas, of course, but self-care treats are also a must. Whether you're shopping for a gift to honor her first Mother's Day or the birth of her first child, these presents are sure to make any new mom happy.
These popular initial necklaces are a sweet and subtle gift for any new mom—just add a disc for her initial, and one for each of her kids.
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Turn mom's favorite photo of her and her new baby into a work of art—commission a portrait like this one and frame it, and she'll want to hang it up immediately.
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This new mom jewelry set comes with a necklace in her birthstone, and a bracelet featuring her baby's—a tiny reminder of her bundle of joy.


text:
19-2: Season 3 DVD
Item #: XA6272
Backordered: 8/05
DVD Extras
19-2: Season 3 After unmasking the mole in their department, the officers of Station 19 are struggling with the fallout. As the high-ranking officers scramble to save their careers, the patrollers respond to crimes that plague the streets of Montreal. Ben (Jared Keeso, Elysium) finds contentment with Amelie (Tattiawna Jones, Flashpoint), but troubles surface with his former family. Meanwhile, Nick (Adrian Holmes, Arrow) searches for information about his cousin's disappearance. 10 episodes, 3 DVDs, SDH. Mature audiences.
We regret we cannot ship the series 19:2 to Canada.
Item can only be shipped within the Continental US.
Behind-the-scenes featurettes
Packaging: Boxed set
Run Time: 441 minutes
Subtitles: No
Color or B&W: Color
CC: No
SDH: Yes
Region Code: 1
Audio Format: Dolby Digital 5.1
Rating: NR. Contains coarse language, graphic violence, sexual content, nudity, and disturbing images.
Adrian Holmes, Jared Keeso, Benz Antoine, Mylène Dinh-Robic, Dan Petronuevic, Laurence Leboeuf, Bruce Ramsay, Alexander De Jordy, Krista Bridges, Joe Pingue, Tattiawna Jones, Paul Hopkins, Leni Parker, Maxim Roy.
"The writing is sublime...a slice of urban and police life carefully observed" - and The New York Times
RELATED ITEMS TO ABOVE PRODUCT
19-2: Season 1 DVD (XA0012) In Stock & Ready to Ship
19-2: Season 4 The Final Season DVD (XB3452) In Stock & Ready to Ship


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text:
The 10th Franchisee is Different than the 210th Franchisee
https://traffic.libsyn.com/secure/franchisesecrets/JT_Thiessen.mp3
Today I talk to JT Thiessen with Budget Blinds. A very well established brand who is absolutely crushing it with happy successful franchisees
JT said something that stopped me in my tracks:
"The 10th franchisee is different than the 210th franchisee"
It's true!
✔ Their mindset is different
✔ Their experience is different
✔ They're a different buyer
It's important to understand this! When you're buying a franchise, you're obviously going to have a different experience depending on what kind of brand you buy, but you're also going to have a different experience whether you buy an emerging brand or an established brand.
As a brand grows, they inevitably start to delegate parts of the business so they can scale. For this reason, you may have a different experience than a franchisee who purchased the same brand with it was emerging.
-have less direct access to the founder
-have an onboarding process that looks different than what early franchisees experienced
-have access to vendors right away that early franchisees didn't have until later
These are things to keep in mind when you're validating with Franchisees.
Let's dive in!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Erik Van Horn is a franchising specialist, and expert in multi-unit, semi-absentee franchise business ownership. From entrepreneur to regional developer, and investor to consultant, Erik has worn many hats over the last two decades, which has provided him unique insight into complex aspects of the industry. If you're a franchisee, a franchisor, or one aspiring to be, subscribe to the Franchise Secrets channel and visit www.FranchiseSecrets.com for even more tactical and practical tools to help you buy, grow, and sell franchises like an expert.
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text:
Q: Fitting the cos squared function I have been trying to fit a function of the form  to the data I was given:
160 0.277   0.006
170 0.2805  0.005
180 0.2825  0.007
190 0.276   0.012
200 0.2475  0.011
210 0.1645  0.009
220 0.1075  0.011
230 0.0785  0.009
240 0.0585  0.005
250 0.048   0.002
260 0.046   0.002
270 0.0485  0.001
280 0.0555  0.001
290 0.078   0.002
300 0.113   0.002
310 0.161   0.01
320 0.262   0.008
330 0.3035  0.005
340 0.326   0.004
350 0.3305  0.007
360 0.336   0.006
10  0.3275  0.005
20  0.3075  0.007
30  0.231   0.012
40  0.1625  0.005
50  0.1205  0.003
60  0.0905  0.003
70  0.0775  0.001
80  0.075   0.002
90  0.077   0.002
100 0.079   0.004
110 0.0965  0.003
120 0.124   0.002
130 0.1695  0.003
140 0.281   0.004
150 0.32    0.002

This is the code I wrote:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.optimize import curve_fit
from scipy import special as sp

def strt(x, a, b):
    """definition of a straight line"""
    return a*x+b

def trig(x, ang, I0, offset):
    """cos function to be fit"""
    return offset+(I0*(sp.cosdg(x-ang)**2))

"""file handler block"""
f=open(r"C:\Users\lenovo\Desktop\trials.txt", "r")
raw=f.readlines()
data=np.loadtxt(raw)
data=np.transpose(data)
f.close()

"""fitting block"""
popt1, pcov1 = curve_fit(trig, data[0], data[1])
print(popt1)
#print(pcov1)
perr1 = np.sqrt(np.diag(pcov1))
print(perr1)

xerror=[1]*len(data[0])

"""plotting block"""
plt.figure('a')

plt.scatter(data[0], (data[1]), c='b', label="Data")
plt.plot(data[0], trig(data[0], *popt1), 'b-', label='fit: a=%5.3f, b=%5.3f c=%5.3f; sigma a=%5.3e, sigma b=%5.3e, sigma c=%5.3e' %tuple(list(popt1)+list(perr1)))
#plt.plot(data[0], trig(data[0], *popt1), 'b-', label='fit: a=%5.3f; sigma a=%5.3e' %tuple(list(popt1)+list(perr1)))
plt.xlabel('Angle (degrees)', fontsize=20)
plt.errorbar(data[0], data[1], fmt='none', xerr=xerror, yerr=data[2], ecolor='b', markersize=8, capsize=5)
#plt.xlim([-0.0075, 0.0075])
#plt.ylim([-3, 50])
plt.ylabel('Power ($\mu$W)', fontsize=20)
plt.legend(prop={"size":15}, loc='upper left')
plt.xticks(fontsize=20)
plt.yticks(fontsize=20)
plt.grid(True, which='both')
plt.axhline(y=0, color='k')
plt.show('a')

The fit looks fine but for some reason, the image has a straight line running from end to end of the curve. Which I think means that the function gives two outputs for each input. I want to know why this is happening and how can I amend it. I tried to fit just a cos function and the output image would still a have straight line running from end to end. Could someone please help?
output image

A: I was able to solve this issue: the data should be listed in increasing order and the list above starts in the middle.


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Circular shapes are a great way to energize your interior design.
Except in lamp shades and small room décor accents, circles don't often find their way into mainstream interior design. Perhaps because of the straight lines of common house design architecture, it doesn't occur to many of us to include circular elements into our spaces. But perhaps we need to rethink that.
Circles have much to offer our homes. Symbolizing the unbroken line of no beginning and no end and no direction, the circle represents infinity, embracing all space and time. Typically used to signify the unknowable eternity, circles aren't just a spiritual symbol. They can be a more down-to-earth symbol of perfection too. Who wouldn't want this serene and yet revved up energy in their home?
Whether you believe the above woo-woo or not, there's something about a circular shape that creates a shift in the energy of an otherwise linearly-designed room.
If you're game to mix it up a bit with the energy of your space, try out these seven interior design ideas to supercharge your home décor with circles.
A lot of contemporary design has a simple color palette and a sharp impression that can result in a density of energy. When you insert a circle into this design picture, it will freshen the space.
Can't you just feel the fresh energy of the space above? Try holding you your hand to block the red rug and notice how stagnant the room feels without it.
Square and rectangular furniture footprints have a way of segmenting the energy of a room. It can feel like the room is a checkerboard, and you have to step from one space to another.
When you add a circular furniture piece, however, the energy starts to flow again.
Something about the curved edge of a circular table or other furniture piece seems to grab the energy and get it moving. The above room has a cohesive flow it wouldn't have had without the dining table.
Lines, lines, lines. Edges, edges, edges. Angles, angles, angles. These are what most rooms are made of. When you have a space like that, you have energy out of balance. Adding even a small circular element, like a mirror, will level out the space.
See how the mirror above gives the room a comfortable proportion? A square or rectangular mirror couldn't have done that.
No matter how open and spacious we attempt to make a space, confined rooms can feel like boxes. One of the best ways to open up a space that feels restricted in this way is with a circular window.
Notice how free the above area feels? Even with the bright, bold colors, a straight-lined window would have shut down the room. Perhaps because the circle provides a view that's reminiscent of the world itself, it invites us to look for the possibilities instead of the sameness we generally have in our surroundings.
Soft, romantic spaces can be challenging to achieve with just lines and angles. But throw in some curves and circles, and the ahh just settles right in.
Try to imagine the décor in the room above in a square space. Also, imagine a square bed and a square rug. That imaginary room would have a pretty executive feel, wouldn't it? Tan and brown aren't exactly dreamy. But let them paint circles, and suddenly they become comfortable and relaxed.
You can get this same mellow feel with a brighter colored circle as well. Try one piece of plush circular furniture in a corner.
A chair like the one above immediately inserts serenity into an otherwise straightforward space.
If you want to make a statement in your room design, you need an element that will draw your eye to just the right place to telegraph what you desire to say. A circle included in a crowd of angular décor will do just that.
The yellow pillow above is the clear focus of the bed. Surrounded by lively stripes, the yellow pillow stands up and announces, "This is a fun space!" Without the pillow, the stripes would have looked great, but the intended design impact would have been unclear.
In an otherwise serious space, circles romp in and add some gaiety. Sometimes they can do that almost literally, with ball-like design elements, such as puffy pillows.
You can also bounce a ball, so to speak, into a more sleekly modern design by using metal as the material for your spherical shapes.
Are you starting to see the kind of energy shifts you can get in your home with circles? Not just pleasing to the eye, circular design elements have the power to transform the emotional atmosphere of your space. You can experiment with the above energy flips by purchasing small circular décor items for your home and seeing how they impact the vitality of your interior design.
If you want to play around with how this works, try using circular elements in House Tipster's Virtual Rooms.


New Hope Eugene is proud to present what has been previously known as "The Lights AT New Hope" in a bigger and grander scale. This year we have created "The Lights OF New Hope AT Lane County Fairgrounds". Running for 2 full weekends, December 7th through the 9th & 14th through the 16th from 6pm-9pm.
This 10-minute, "drive-up", light-filled celebration of Christmas will still be enjoyed from the comfort of your own car with FREE Hot Chocolate and Popcorn provided.
We'll see you at "The Lights"!!
If you are interested in serving at this year's Lights, CLICK HERE.


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VATICAN CITY, FEB 13, 2006 (VIS) - The Holy Father appointed Fr. Edmundo Ponziano Valenzuela Mellid S.D.B., missionary in Angola, as apostolic vicar of Chaco Paraguayo (area 96,030, population 18,200, priests 5, religious 9), Paraguay. The bishop-elect was born in Villarrica del Espiritu Santo, Paraguay in 1944 and ordained a priest in 1971.
On Saturday, February 13, it was made public that he:
- Accepted the resignation from the office of auxiliary of the diocese of Lomza, Poland, presented by Bishop Tadeusz Jozef Zawistowski, upon having reached the age limit.
- Appointed Msgr. Tadeusz Bronakowski of the clergy of the diocese of Lomza, Poland, teacher of canon law at the major seminary and vice-chancellor of the diocesan curia, as auxiliary of the same diocese (area 11,500, population 573,647, Catholics 567,035, priests 476, religious 213). The bishop-elect was born in Augustow, Poland in 1959 and ordained a priest in 1984.
- Accepted the resignation from the office of auxiliary of the archdiocese of Montreal, Canada, presented by Bishop Jude Saint-Antoine, upon having reached the age limit.
- Appointed Fr. Lionel Gendrom P.S.S., provincial superior for Canada of the Suplician Fathers, and Fr. Andre Gazaille of the clergy of the archdiocese of Montreal, Canada pastor of the parishes of 'Saints-Martyrs-Canadiens,' 'Visitation de la Bienheureuse-Vierge-Marie,' and 'Saint-Antoine-Marie-Claret,' as auxiliaries of the archdiocese of Montreal (area 1,399, population 2,340,928, Catholics 1,590,150, priests 1,283, permanent deacons 103, religious 5,881). Bishop-elect Gendrom was born in Saint-Quintin, Canada in 1944 and ordained a priest in 1969. Bishop-elect Gazaille was born in Montreal in 1946 and ordained a priest in 1971.
- Appointed Fr. Peter Joseph Hundt of the clergy of the diocese of Hamilton, Canada, pastor of the parish of the Holy Cross in Georgetown, Ontario, as auxiliary of the archdiocese of Toronto (area 13,000, population 5,043,085, Catholics 1,363,657, priests 811, permanent deacons 96, religious 1,178), Canada. The bishop-elect was born in Hanover, Canada in 1956 and ordained a priest in 1982.
- Appointed Fr. Aloisio Jorge Pena Vitral of the clergy of the archdiocese of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, pastor of the parish of 'Nossa Senhora das Dores,' and Fr. Joaquim Giovanni Mol Guimaraes of the clergy of the archdiocese of Belo Horizonte, pastor of the parish of 'Santa Maria Mae de Deus' and vice-rector of the Pontifical Catholic University in Minas Gerais, as auxiliaries of the archdiocese of Belo Horizonte (area 7,240, population 4,216,719, Catholics 3,162,539, priests 572, religious 2,252). Bishop-elect Pena Vidral was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1955 and ordained a priest in 1986. Bishop-elect Mol Guimaraes was born in Ponte Nova, Brazil in 1960 and ordained a priest in 1988.
Published by VIS - Holy See Press Office - Monday, February 13, 2006 0 commenti
POPE MEETS WITH CARDINALS AND HEADS OF DICASTERIES
VATICAN CITY, FEB 13, 2006 (VIS) - In the Bologna Hall of the Vatican Apostolic Palace at 10.30 a.m. today, Benedict XVI presided at a meeting of cardinals and heads of dicasteries of the Roman Curia.
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CHRIST IS THE HAND OF GOD REACHING OUT TO HUMANITY
VATICAN CITY, FEB 12, 2006 (VIS) - The World Day of the Sick, celebrated on February 11, Feast of Our lady of Lourdes, provided the main theme for Benedict XVI's remarks before praying the Angelus this morning with thousands of pilgrims gathered in St. Peter's Square.
"Sickness," said the Pope, "is such a typical characteristic of the human condition that it can even become a realistic metaphor thereof. St. Augustine expresses this well in one of his prayers: 'Have mercy on me, Lord! See, I do not hide my wounds from You. You are my doctor, I am the sick man.' ... Christ is the true 'doctor' of humanity, Whom the heavenly Father sent into the world to cure mankind, marked in body and spirit by sin and the consequences of sin."
The Holy Father then made reference to the Gospel of St. Mark, which is being read over these Sundays "and presents us with Jesus Who, at the beginning of His public ministry, dedicates Himself entirely to preaching and to curing the sick in the villages of Galilee. The innumerable prodigies He performs on the sick confirm the 'Good News' of the Kingdom of God."
Today's specific Gospel text recounts the healing of a leper "and very effectively expresses the intensity of the relationship between God and man," the Pope said. "Here we see the entire history of salvation in concentrated form," he added.
"That gesture of Jesus, Who stretches out His hand and touches the scarred body of the person who calls on Him, perfectly expresses God's will to restore His fallen creature to health, giving him back 'abundant life' - eternal, full and joyful life. Christ is 'the hand' of God reaching out to humanity, that it may escape from the quicksands of sickness and death, and stand on its own feet on the solid rock of divine love."
The Pope concluded his remarks by entrusting "to Mary, 'Salus infirmorum,' all sick people, especially those who, all over the world, in addition to poor health, also suffer from solitude, poverty and marginalization."
Following the Angelus, Benedict XVI recalled that the 20th Winter Olympic Games are currently being held in the Italian city of Turin. "I hope this magnificent sporting competition may take place in accordance with the Olympic values of loyalty, joy and fraternity," he said, "thus contributing to peace among peoples."
Finally, the Pope referred to the 75th anniversary of the inauguration of Vatican Radio, which falls today February 12, and to "the first radio message to the world, delivered by Pope Pius XI who commissioned the scientist Guglielmo Marconi to build the Vatican radio station. By means of radio, and later of television, it has been possible to bring the Gospel message and the words of the Popes to all peoples more quickly and easily."
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EXPERIENCE ILLNESS IN KEEPING WITH HUMAN DIGNITY
VATICAN CITY, FEB 11, 2006 (VIS) - In the Vatican Basilica at 4.30 p.m. today, Feast of Our Lady of Lourdes and the 14th World Day of the Sick, Cardinal Camillo Ruini, vicar general for the diocese of Rome, celebrated Mass for the sick and for pilgrims of UNITALSI (Italian National Union for Transport of the Sick to Lourdes and International Shrines), and of Opera Romana Pellegrinaggi.
Following Mass, Benedict XVI arrived in the basilica to bless the sick and address some words to those present.
The Pope recalled how "in the grotto of Massabielle, the Virgin showed the tenderness of God towards those who suffer. ... Appearing to Bernadette as the Immaculate Conception, Mary Most Holy came to remind the modern world, which risked forgetting, of the primacy of divine Grace which is stronger than sin and death."
The Holy Father went on to refer to a congress held in the Australian city of Adelaide on February 9 and 10, promoted by the Pontifical Council for Health Care Ministry on the theme: "Mental health and human dignity."
"The human person," he said, "is a single entity the various dimensions of which may be distinguished but not separated. The Church always aims to consider persons in this light, and this concept characterizes both Catholic health care institutions, and the approach of those who work in them."
Benedict XVI made a special appeal for those suffering mental illness and for their families: "We feel close to [people in] such situations, with our prayers and with the numerous initiatives implemented by the ecclesial community all over the world, especially in places where legislation is lacking, where public structures are insufficient and where natural disasters or, alas, war and armed conflict, create grave psychological trauma in individuals."
"To all doctors, nurses and other health care workers, and all volunteers who work in this field, I would like today symbolically to consign the Encyclical 'Deus caristas est,' with the hope that God may ever remain alive in their hearts, so as to animate their daily work, their projects, their initiatives and above all their relationship with the sick. Acting in the name of charity and in the way of charity, you also offer your precious contribution to evangelization, because the announcement of the Gospel has need of coherent signs to confirm it. And these signs speak the language of universal love, a language that everyone can understand."
The Pope concluded his address by calling on the Virgin Mary "to keep our hope alive so that, faithful to Christ's teaching, we may renew our commitment to raise up our brothers and sisters in their sickness. May the Lord ensure that people do not remain alone and abandoned at the moment of need but, rather, that they may experience even illness in accordance with human dignity."
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POPE MEETS WITH CARDINALS AND HEADS OF DICASTERIES...
CHRIST IS THE HAND OF GOD REACHING OUT TO HUMANITY...


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Carrie Mitchell
Watch one episode of "Outlander" and you will be speed dialing your travel agent. Trust me.
Scotland is a place we love to return to, for the people and the grand landscape (they have a wonderful tourism board too with a lot of great tips and high social engagement). Much like our trips to Ireland, while the major cities boast the most cultural activities, it's worth driving around the countryside and exploring smaller towns scattered through out. It's the best way to get the true romanticism of the Highlands, glacial glens (valleys) and lochs (lakes). No car? No problem. The train is the perfect way to get to the capitals (we generally spend time visiting friends in London first) and there are a lot of options (bus, trains) to get around or join tours to areas further out. There are of course so many places to stop, we are only mentioning the two big cities below, but we highly recommend visiting the tourism website or checking out this Telegraph article round up "Top 10 Cities and Places to Visit in Scotland" or check out Lady In London's road trip guide to Scotland. And PLEASE do a whiskey tour.
Also, if you are looking for a fantastic new way to celebrate New Year's eve, look no further than Scotland's legendary Hogmanay (December 31st – the big night that marks the arrival of the new year. Its origins reach back to the celebration of the winter solstice among the Vikings with wild parties in late December)
Edinburgh:
The capital of Scotland, Edinburgh is Scotland's compact, hilly capital. It has a medieval Old Town and elegant Georgian New Town with gardens and neoclassical buildings, as well as Edinburgh Castle, home to Scotland's crown jewels and the Stone of Destiny.
STAY: G&V Royal Mile Hotel, The Witchery by the Castle, New Town, Tigerlily, Apex Grassmarket Hotel, Malmaison Edinburgh
EAT: The Timberyard, The Witchery by the Castle, Restaurant Mark Greenaway, Tower Restaurant, 21212, Ondine, to name a few but the food scene is growing rapidly. Check out Eater's List
SEE: Edinburgh Castle, Royal Mile, Shop George Street, National Museum of Scotland, Arthur's Seat, Royal Botanic garden
Loch Ness, Glencoe and the Highlands, West Highland Lochs and Castles Tour, Rosslyn Chapel and Hadrian's Wall, St Andrews and Fife
GLASGOW:
Glasgow is a port city on the River Clyde in Scotland's western Lowlands. It's famed for its Victorian and art nouveau architecture, and today it's a national cultural hub, home to institutions including the Scottish Opera, Scottish Ballet and National Theatre of Scotland.
STAY: Hotel du Vin at One Devonshire Gardens, Dakota Deluxe Glasgow, Village Hotel Glasgow, Blythswood Square
EAT: The Ubiquitous Chip, Rogano, Stravaigin. Here is a BBC guide to their faves!
SEE: Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, Buchanan Street, University of Glasgow
Stirling Castle, Loch Lomond and Whisky Trail, Isle of Skye and Highlands Tour
See the "Parts Unknown Anthony Bourdain" episode on Scotland
Navajo Nation & Orenda Tribe
What is the future of travel?
Travel Oracles founder Carrie A. Mitchell is an entrepreneur, strategist, podcaster, writer & author. Inspired by global culture and history, this project was born to spread knowledge, connection and creativity
Thank you for submitting!
© 2020 Travel Oracles & Carrie A. Mitchell


All my life my study has been to avoid suffering as much as possible, to make my life a comfortable one. How unlike my Jesus I have been, who sought to suffer on every occasion for me, for me. I should be glad when pain comes and welcome it, because it makes me more like Jesus.
COMMENT: How we can all identify with Fr Doyle's words today. Our entire modern society is arranged in such a way as to maximise our comforts. Much of the technological advancement of recent decades has been oriented towards our comfort.
At one level this is not an inherently bad thing. Suffering is not good. But we must also remember that we serve a crucified Lord. If we buy into a consumerist mentality whereby the entire focus of our lives is our comfort, our appetite, our leisure and our whims, then can we really say that we are following the Master who had nowhere to lay His head? As in all areas of life, Christianity calls us to balance, and it is when we lose this balance that we run into problems.
As St Thomas More said, we cannot get to Heaven on a feather bed.


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El Niño: Officials say Topanga, Mulholland and Laurel canyons among most vulnerable areas in LA
A Los Angeles city sanitation truck visits a block of Bernal Avenue in Boyle Heights that flooded during a sudden downpour Oct. 19.
Leslie Berestein Rojas/KPCC
Alejandro Aceves points to weeds and dirt choking the fan of his car. The vehicle was partly submerged when his street in Boyle Heights flooded Monday.
Jacob Margolis | November 25, 2015
City maintenance staff addressed the Los Angeles City Council Tuesday, giving a mixed message on how the city will fare during the anticipated El Niño rains this winter.
"Although we're prepared, if the El Niño is what's expected, we're going to have issues. We're going to have flooding," said Adel H. Hagekhalil from the city's Sanitation Bureau.
Hagekhalil was joined by Ron Lorenzen from the Bureau of Street Services and James Featherstone, manager of the Emergency Management Department. The three departments are tasked with responding to, and cleaning up weather-related damage.
The men said while their departments have been preparing for El Niño for some time, the city won't be able to avoid flooding, downed trees, mudslides, rushing water and even sewage overflow. They said recent storms have provided a glimpse of where L.A. vulnerabilities lie.
One recent storm, which hit Boyle Heights this fall, brought waist-high water to one neighborhood. The area's streets were not clean, so trash clogged a storm drain, leaving no place for rainwater to escape. Residents in that neighborhood told KPCC that they have complained many times about the need for more street cleaning.
Hagekhalil and Lorenzen said street cleaning will be key this El Niño season, and their departments have stepped up street and basin-cleaning efforts in recent months.
Hagekhalil said the city may temporarily suspend trash service during periods of heavy rain, to keep trashcans off the street so that they aren't spilled over in bad weather.
He ultimately called to the public for help.
"If you see anything that's blocking the storm drain, please help us... [and] let's make sure that we secure anything that can float down, and that can block a storm drain off the property," he said.
Hagekhalil said L.A.'s outdated storm drain and wastewater system also poses problems. It was only designed to handle a 10-year storm, meaning a storm so strong that it only occurs once every decade.
"A 10-year storm is close to four inches [of water] in 24 hours. And one inch in one hour," he said.
The city's drainage system was also built at a time when L.A. had far more exposed dirt and grass — natural water absorbents. As the city has developed over the past 50 years, far more of that dirt and grass has been covered with less permeable materials, like asphalt. That means far more water runs off into storm drains, which can get overwhelmed.
Lorenzen said that his department is anticipating mudslides in places like Benedict, Topanga Canyon, Coldwater, Mulholland and Laurel canyons. His department is placing additional equipment proactively in those canyons.
He said downed trees would likely overwhelm his department, and already has. He said on Nov. 15, a small storm only dropped an inch and a half of rain, but 1,000 emergency calls came into his department, reporting downed trees.
He said more trees are falling down because they aren't getting proper maintenance. He blamed that lack of maintenance on city budget cuts.
Lorenzen and Hagekhalil said their departments would come back to the council periodically to ask for more resources as needed throughout the winter.
Councilmembers say they'll use the websites like notifyLA.org to inform residents about storm systems, preparedness and clean-up efforts. So far, Featherstone said, about 34,000 have signed up for alerts through the website.
5 Boyle Heights firms face criminal charges over toxics
El Niño: FEMA says coastal residents, buildings at risk
SoCal weather: Big waves, dangerous currents and record highs
El Niño: What SoCal can expect
Absorbing El Niño? New map shows farmlands to divert floods


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Innovation award for earth-friendly concrete
The first concrete pour at Australia's newest airport in Toowoomba is complete using Wagners' award-winning earth-friendly concrete (EFC).
Wagners' brand of low-carbon cement free geopolymer concrete has many applications, and is a recent winner at the Australian Innovation Challenge awards in the Manufacturing and Hi-Tech Design category.
The product, which took eight years to develop, is attracting strong interest both in Australia and internationally, and is of interest to the underground construction industry for its application for sustainable production of precast tunnel segment linings.
At Toowoomba Wellcamp Airport Wagners EFC will be used in construction of the runway, taxiways and apron, as well as during construction of the terminal building.
Visit the Wagner's website for more details.
TunnelTECH	Geopolymer concrete for durable linings Jan 2014
Tom Glasby, John Day and Michael Kemp, Wagners, Toowoomba, Australia
James Aldred, AECOM, Sydney, Australia
Earth Friendly Concrete (EFC) is a proprietary geopolymer concrete developed in Australia and used in a range of precast and in-situ applications. As a viable and sustainable alternative to Portland cement-based systems, Tom Glasby, Michael Kemp and James Aldred make the case that EFC provides a concrete with benefits that include: high resistance to sulfate attack, high resistance to acid attack, low heat of reaction, low shrinkage, and high early strength development. Mechanical, durability, and other properties indicate that EFC complies with the performance-based requirements of the Australian Concrete Structures code (AS 3600), which is in line with similar international standards.
Geopolymer is a generic term coined by Joseph Davidovits[1] in the 1970s to describe the reaction of materials containing alumino silicate with concentrated alkaline solution to produce an inorganic polymer binder. Initial research began in the 1940s following construction of a range of projects using alkali activated slag cement concretes produced throughout Eastern Europe[2]. While there has been significant academic work carried out since then, full commercial exploitation of this technology has not occurred.
EFC precast concrete segments
An important improvement to the field of commercial geopolymers has been the development of a new admixture capable of providing the necessary workability and slump retention required for commercial concrete delivery and placement methods.
Interest in geopolymer research in Australia has been motivated by the sustainability benefits of using a binder system composed almost entirely of recycled materials. A geopolymer binder has a reduction of about 80% in carbon emissions compared to Portland cement[3]. EFC has a geopolymer binder made from a combination of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and flyash as its alumino silicate powder which is activated by the addition of chemicals either as powders or in solution under an ambient curing temperature.
Over the past four years, Wagners, a company based in Queensland, Australia, has produced in excess of 6,000m3 of EFC covering a range of applications including structural precast elements, in-situ pavements, precast prestressed bridge beams, precast floor beams, and water tanks. Several of these projects have been completed for R&D purposes with monitoring instrumentation included and the testing of samples to capture the necessary engineering and materials data. As a result, a broad knowledge of the structural behaviour of this particular geopolymer concrete is now well established. Of particular interest has been the use of EFC in a set of trial precast concrete segments for the Legacy Way Highway Tunnel in Brisbane that is currently in construction.
Geopolymer research suggests improved durability properties, however the term geopolymer refers to a very wide range of binder types depending on the alumina silicate source powder and the activators used.
To assess EFC, Wagners commissioned RMIT University in Melbourne to undertake a durability study which commenced in March 2012. The study results demonstrate a significant improvement over Portland cement-based concrete in the important durability properties of acid resistance, sulfate resistance, and chloride-ion resistance.
EFC trial projects
The more than 6,000m3 of EFC produced by Wagners over the past four years is distinct from labcrete studies and demonstrates the commercial nature of this particular geopolymer concrete.
A number of slab-on-ground projects established the practical aspects of EFC, including workability, set time, pumpability, placement techniques, and curing techniques. Early trials indicated that placement of EFC in slabs on the ground was more difficult and labour intensive than traditional concrete. Higher cohesion or 'stickiness' coupled with a propensity for premature surface drying were early problems that were overcome by development in Germany of a proprietary purpose-designed admixture for EFC. Additionally, the chemical activators have been refined.
EFC appears ideal for precast manufacture. It has a natural off-white appearance that is desired for architectural concrete; it provides a clean off-form surface with fewer blow holes; and accelerated curing can be achieved at lower temperatures than Portland cement concrete. Maximum efficiency is achieved by keeping EFC at an internal concrete temperature of 38°C.
Fig 1. Deflection beam test monitored using transducers
In December 2010, two precast prestressed 50MPa grade EFC bridge beams were cast for an R&D study at the Wagners precast facility in Brisbane. Internal vibrating wire strain gauges were cast into the beams to allow monitoring of creep and shrinkage over a period of time. The prestress was transferred after three days. The girders were left unloaded for 100 days and monitored for hogging deflection under the internal prestress. The girders were loaded with W80 wheel load (eight tonnes) in accordance with the Australian bridge standard (AS 5100) and were continuously measured for deflections over the subsequent period, which is now three years. The hogging prior to load and deflection under sustained load were monitored using transducers (Fig 1). The structural behaviour in the girders was consistent with the compressive strength and modulus indicating no unusual deformation properties. Analysis of the strain data revealed very limited creep in the girder beyond 17 months.
Construction of two water tanks of 10m diameter x 2.4m high in March 2011 was part of a study to assess the water resistant properties of EFC and investigate the autogenous healing behaviour of geopolymer concrete. One tank was built using a Grade 32MPa concrete with a maximum aggregate size of 10mm with blended cement consisting of 80% Portland cement and 20% flyash. The second used a Grade 32MPa EFC geopolymer concrete also with a 10mm maximum aggregate.
Autogenous healing in Portland cement-based concrete is primarily due to the deposition of calcium hydroxide. There is no calcium hydroxide in EFC, however nominal leaking through cracks in the EFC tank did heal relatively rapidly, which is likely due to a gel swelling mechanism[4].
Many studies have been completed to produce a range of the engineering material properties of EFC geopolymer concrete that are used in the design of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures, including compressive strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, stress-strain curve, poisons ratio, drying shrinkage, creep, and fire resistance[5].
A healed crack in the EFC water tank (right)
EFC can be produced in all typical commercial compressive strength grades. Extensive compressive test data is available for 32, 40 and 50MPa. Under an ambient temperature curing range of 20-35°C, EFC displays good early age strength development with 80% of the 28-day strength being achieved in seven days.
In comparison to Portland cement-based concrete, for each strength grade, EFC has a distinct advantage in flexural tensile strength and drying shrinkage. EFC achieves approximately 30% higher flexural tensile strength than would be expected for a similar compressive strength grade of Portland cement-based concrete. On one project, grade 40 EFC achieved an average flexural tensile strength of 6.4MPa.
Across all frequently tested EFC grades, the average 56-day drying shrinkage tested to AS 1012.13 is 350 microstrain. This is a significant reduction to typical Australian concretes made with similar sands and aggregates that have an average 56-day drying shrinkage of 650 microstrain.
All tested engineering properties outlined above show that EFC can be designed using normal reinforced concrete design rules for meeting the same structural performance criteria. Increased flexural tensile strength and reduced drying shrinkage are two engineering properties worth noting as being significantly better than traditional concrete, leading to improvements in the structural and serviceability performance of many structure types.
Fig 2. Exposure to sodium sulfate solutions
Durability of EFC
The body of research literature on geopolymer concrete strongly suggests an increased resistance to a range of common degradation mechanisms that negatively affect Portland cement-based concrete. The chemistry of the geopolymer binder and the performance of the resulting concretes vary substantially. For this reason, it is important to match geopolymer research results with appropriately similar concretes. EFC contains both slag and flyash in its feedstock powder and is more aligned with an alkaline activated slag system that is ambient cured than to a flyash geopolymer binder cured at an elevated temperature.
Independent study on EFC undertaken by the RMIT University in Melbourne provides the following results.
Fig 3. Exposure to magnesium sulfate solutions
Sulfate resistance
For prisms immersed in sodium and magnesium sulfate solutions at 500, 5,000 and 50,000ppm, EFC geopolymer concrete with a binder content of 400kg/m3 had significantly reduced length change in both sulfate solutions when compared with a reference Portland cement concrete with 30% flyash, which would be considered to have reasonable sulfate resistance according to BRE Special Digest[6] (Figs 2 and 3).
These results compare favourably with Douglas et al[7] who found little changes in mechanical properties of sodium silicate activated slag concrete after 120 days of immersion in 5% sodium sulfate solutions, even smaller than the controlled specimens in lime saturated water or tap water for the same time period.
Acid resistance
Measured after immersion in different concentrations of sulfuric acid (Molarity - 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5) for nearly one year, there was virtually no change in mass for the EFC geopolymer specimens. There were mass changes for a reference Portland cement concrete with a comparable binder content (400kg/m3) with 30% flyash replacement and a water:cement ratio of 0.4 (Fig 4). EFC demonstrated excellent resistance to sulfuric acid attack.
Fig 4. Mass change after immersion in sulfuric acid solutions
These results are supported by Shi[8] who found that alkali activated slag paste provides a better resistance to acid attack than Portland cement paste, using solutions of nitric acid and acetic acid with a pH of 3. The observed improvement was attributed to the difference in nature of hydration products between alkali activated slag and Portland cement.
Chloride corrosion resistance
Exposure trials on 600mm x 600mm x 200mm panels of EFC geopolymer concrete are being conducted at three maritime sites in Australia. The results of 90-day AASHTO T259 ponding tests indicate that with 400kg/m3of binder content, EFC showed virtually no chloride penetration from 0-50mm depth (less than 0.017%). McGrath and Hooton[9] reported that concretes with a water:cement ratio of 0.4 and 25% flyash or 8% silica fume replacement had a chloride concentration of 0.1% to a depth of 12.3mm and 7.7mm, respectively.
Testing to the ASTM C1202 standard for Electrical indication of concrete's ability to resist chloride ion penetration by Queensland TMR showed a value of 229 coulombs. This is classified as very low according to Table 1 in the Standard.
Bernal et al[10] compared the ASTM C1202 results for alkali activated slag concretes and Portland cement concretes with three different binder contents and found that the slag geopolymer concretes had significantly lower coulomb values for all three binder contents. In Portland cement-based concrete, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) replacement has been widely used to reduce chloride penetration to achieve durable reinforced concrete in marine environments and where de-icing salts are used[11]. Roy et al[12] measured the effective chloride diffusion coefficient for pastes containing a range of GGBS percentages and included activated and non-activated systems. Their results demonstrate a clear trend of a decreasing diffusion rate with an increasing percentage slag for both non-activated and activated systems.
Carbonation, the mechanism of de-passivation of reinforcing steel embedded in concrete, in Portland cement concrete is the result of CO2 dissolving in water to form carbonic acid which reacts with Ca(OH)2 to form calcium carbonate reducing the pH in the cement matrix[13]. Carbonation in Portland cement-based concrete is usually accompanied with a shrinkage, which may produce cracking or surface crazing of concrete.
RMIT conducted accelerated carbonation testing on EFC with a binder content of 400kg/m3. The carbonation depth after 56 days of exposure was 12.6mm compared to 10.0mm for a 50MPa concrete containing Portland cement only and 13.2mm for a 40MPa concrete with 30% GGBS replacement. These data suggest that the rate of carbonation for this proprietary geopolymer should be similar to normal concrete in Australia, most of which would use blended cement.
Fig 5. EFC heat of reaction
Heat of reaction
EFC has a low heat of reaction. When the temperature rise in one-cubic-metre insulated blocks was compared with a reference concrete containing low heat cement with 65% GGBS and a cementitious content of 425kg/m3, the temperature rise for EFC was only 15°C compared to 37°C for the 65% GGBS replacement (Fig 5).
EFC precast tunnel segments
EFC was delivered to the precast factory for the production of a complete tunnel ring of nine segments during the production of the segmental lining for the TBM-bored Legacy Way Highway Tunnel in Brisbane. A low-slump EFC mix was designed based on achieving the concrete performance specification and the handling and placement requirements of the precast factory, which uses an automated carousel system. Steel and polypropylene fibres were included in the mix as per the specification. The EFC tunnel segments were produced successfully and have been kept as a valuable demonstration model. De-moulding of the finished segments using the factory's automated handling system was undertaken as per normal concrete production after the low temperature chamber curing. The finished units displayed a smooth de-moulded finish and held the curved top surface profile very close to design.
EFC would be suitable for factory-produced precast concrete tunnel segments in regions with high-sulphate ground waters, such as the Middle East. EFC is well suited to precast manufacture, attains high early strength, can be accelerated cured at 38°C and has a high resistance to sulfate attack. The high flexural tensile strength can also be used to refine the structural design of tunnel elements.
Another possible tunnel-related application is sewer mains and drains where the high acid resistance of EFC precast concrete segments or jacking pipes would offer better protection to sulfuric acid attack than Portland cement-based concrete.
Author references
1. Davidovits, 1991. Geopolymers: Inorganic Polymeric New Materials. Journal of Thermal Analysis, 37, 1633-1656.
2. Roy, 1999. Alkali-activated cements-Opportunities and challenges. Cement and Concrete Research, 29, 249–254.
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More details available in the conference paper presented at the Arabian Tunnelling Conference held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates in December 2013.
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