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Why The GRE Could Become The Preferred Exam For MBA Admissions
by: John A. Byrne on April 27, 2020 | 0 Comments Comments 8,908 Views
Ever since Educational Testing Service began promoting the use of the Graduate Record Examination as an alternative to the GMAT in 2011, the GRE had largely played second fiddle to its more widely accepted cousin. Slowly but steadily, however, the GRE has been gaining market share and acceptance by both test-takers and MBA admission directors.
At first, business schools began embracing the GRE as a way to attract more young women and non-traditional students to MBA programs. Some hold-out schools once openly expressed a preference for the GMAT. It was only three years ago, in 2017, that Harvard Business School began publishing median GRE scores in its published class profiles. Then, just 12% of the students in the Class of 2019 entered with a GRE score report. This year, 20% got into HBS with a GRE.
Today, applicants to business schools get no advantage by taking the GMAT as they once did. Business schools treat the exams equally in their admission decisions, giving no preference to either test. The upshot: Over the past five years, the percentage of entrants submitting GRE scores have climbed at 42 of the top 50 full-time MBA programs in the United States, from Harvard to Stanford.
WHY THE GRE WILL GET A BIGGER MARKET SHARE BOOST THIS YEAR
At both the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan and the McCombs School of Business at the University of Texas-Austin, GRE test takers now represent a third or more of the latest entering MBA classes. At Kenan-Flagler Business School at UNC-Chapel Hill, MBAs who turned in GRE scores now represent nearly half (48%) of the entering MBA class. According to U.S. News' latest ranking of MBA programs, 20 schools in the top 50 had 30% or more entrants who submitted GRE scores; only five of those, or one quarter, were in the top 25. Meanwhile, at the lower end of the top 50, six schools had incoming classes last fall with 50% or more GRE submitters.
The GRE's market share will get an even biggest boost this year as test centers were forced to close all over the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic. ETS responded first with an at-home exam, getting to market nearly a month before GMAT. When the at-home GMAT was rushed to market last week, it was put into the marketplace with a ban on any physical whiteboards or scratch pads to allow test takers to work through test problems. Instead, the test had a new feature, a virtual whiteboard, that was launched without a tutorial or a way to practice using the tool before sitting down for the test. GMAC has since published both an explanation of the tool and made available a practice version of it but only after receiving harsh criticism from test-takers.
As of today, more than 1,800 prospective test-takers have signed a petition demanding that test-takers be allowed to take the at-home GMAT as they would at a test center, with a traditional whiteboard and marker to jot down calculations and notes for the test.
'I WON'T BE TAKING THE EXAM'
Arseniy Pentsak, who lives in North Vancouver, Canada, and has signed the petition, doesn't believe the at-home GMAT is worth the time and money. "I won't be taking the exam unless the change is made," he wrote. "Instead of focusing on solving a problem, you have to focus on how to sketch in the tool you've never used! How much time will take to do a simple math calculation?! Absolute nonsense and extremely unfair to the candidates!"
Benjamin Arinze, of Voorhees, N.J., agrees. "I'm nervous enough taking this serious exam on my at-home WIFI, but if my connection begins to lag….AND I'm drawing a parallelogram with my mouse, that's the end of me," adds Arinze, who also signed the petition. "If people plan on cheating they'll cheat regardless, don't punish those who sincerely want to chase their dreams and have been studying for this for months."
This is not a matter of protecting the integrity and security of the test. ETS found a way to do that by allowing at-home test-takers of its GRE exam to take notes during the at-home exam on either a physical whiteboard with an erasable marker or on paper with a transparent sheet protector and erasable marker.
A TEST-TAKER MIGHT SACRIFICE 100 POINTS ON THE GMAT IF THEY DON'T PRACTICE A WHITEBOARD TOOL
And it is not a matter of convenience, either. After sitting for the at-home GMAT on the first day it was made available on April 20, one of the foremost professional test-takers in the world believed that using GMAC's virtual whiteboard tool without practice would have cost her 100 or more points on the exam. She ultimately concluded that a test-taker would need to spend at minimum a week, possibly two, to practice with the tool for it not to hurt their ultimate score on the test.
That is simply unacceptable. Why should any test-taker waste a week or more of study time to practice on an online tool so it doesn't get in the way of the score you should be able to achieve? Most test-takers spend between 100 to 170 prepping for the GMAT and the majority who score in the top 10% with a 690 or above studied for one to three months. That week or two weeks to merely prep for a tool would be much better spent working out practice problems to improve your score, not playing with an awkward tool so you don't lose valuable points.
"That is the most significant downside of the test," agrees Noodle Pro GMAT expert Dan Edmonds. "That is something I would practice pretty significantly. Their online whiteboard allows you to do shapes and texts and that is going to make solving math problems a little more difficult. Mouse drawing is terrible. It is slower and it is just not as satisfying. It is harder to do than writing by hand by a significant margin."
It's also not the only advantage GRE now has over the GMAT at-home. Students who opt for the GRE also get to immediately know their scores at the end of the test. They also can cancel the score at that time. Those who take the at-home GMAT must wait up to seven business days to find out their scores. You also get an optional break that is twice as long–10 minutes vs. five minutes–than the GMAT allows.
Also unlike the GMAT, the GRE allows test-takers to save and return to questions during each section so they can skip difficult questions and come back to them later. Repeat GRE test-takers, meantime, also can choose which of their GRE scores to report to schools.
All of these advantages are making the GRE the preferred test for MBA hopefuls.
DON'T MISS: GMAT VS. THE GRE: THE BATTLE FOR HEARTS & MINDS or THE AT-HOME GRE AND GMAT: A SIDE-BY-SIDE COMPARISON
10 Business Schools To Watch In 2021
Top 50 Consulting Firms To Work For In 2021
Stanford Sets A New Record For MBA Compensation: $231.7K
Top 100 MBA Programs That Are Now Waiving GMAT & GRE Tests
Tagged: GMAT vs. GRE, GRE, GRE vs. GMAT, the preferred MBA test?
John A. Byrne is the founder and editor-in-chief of C-Change Media, publishers of Poets&Quants and four other higher education websites. He has authored or co-authored more than ten books, including two New York Times bestsellers. John is the former executive editor of Businessweek, editor-in-chief of Businessweek. com, editor-in-chief of Fast Company, and the creator of the first regularly published rankings of business schools. As the co-founder of CentreCourt MBA Festivals, he hopes to meet you at the next MBA event in-person or online. View all posts by John A. Byrne
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The Techpreneur > People > Matt Gaetz's adopted son: Did Matt Gaetz adopt a son?
Matt Gaetz's adopted son: Did Matt Gaetz adopt a son?
Kendall Jenner Biography, Age, Career, Net Worth, Family
Since 2017, Matthew Louis, a lawyer and politician from the United States (born May 7, 1982), has represented Florida's first congressional district. He is a Republican who has supported far-right politics and been a supporter of former president Donald Trump.
Gaetz, who is the son of well-known Florida politician Don Gaetz, was raised in Florida's Fort Walton Beach. Before deciding to run for state representative, he spent a brief period of time practicing law after earning his degree from William & Mary Law School. From 2010 to 2016, he was a member of the Florida House of Representatives. His defense of Florida's contentious "stand-your-ground statute" garnered him widespread media attention. He was first elected to the US House of Representatives in 2016 and then won reelection in 2018 and again in 2020 and 2022.
Matt Gaetz's adopted son: Does Matt Gaetz have an adopted son?
Matt Gaetz is a US lawyer and politician, Matt does not have a legally adopted son, but has a boy called Nestor whom he has been caring for since 2012 and he describes him as his son whom he did not legally adopt.
Matt Gaetz's adopted son Nestor: Who is Nestor
Congressman Matt Gaetz refers to the young college student Nestor Galban as his son, despite the fact that Gaetz never formally adopted him.
According to People, Galban went from Cuba to the United States when he was 12 years old to live with his older sister, who was dating Gaetz at the time. They became close, and according to Galban, Gaetz "raised me as his own son."
See also Isabel Guzman's husband: Who is the husband of Isabel Guzman?
Identity of Matt Gaetz's adopted son Nestor
Galban's mother brought him up there. When Galban was 12 years old, People reported that she passed away from breast cancer. He relocated to the US to live with his older sister, who at the time was dating and sharing a residence with Gaetz.
Gaetz told the publication that he had come to love Galban as a son and disregarded any objections. According to Gaetz, "Our family's bond is defined by our love for one another, not by any paperwork." Nestor is my kid in every manner imaginable, and I couldn't love him any more if he were a physical member of my family. Galban's U.S citizenship was announced by Gaetz on social media in September 2020.
Previous Article Matt Gaetz Biography, Age, Career, Net Worth, wife, Family
Next Article Matt Gaetz's net worth: What is Matt Gaetz's net worth?


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Every cell of the body contains many sub-cellular components called mitochondria, which produce 95% of the total energy of the body. Coenzyme Q10 is an integral part of the membranes of the mitochondria where it is involved in the production of ATP, the basic energy producing molecule of all cells. In the production of energy as ATP from oxidation of fuel in the mitochondria a steady stream of oxygen free radicals are produced.
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What is the Maximum Amount One Can Take of Co-Q-10?
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1. Greenberg S, Frishman WH. Co-enzyme Q10: a new drug for cardiovascular disease. J Clin Pharmacol 1990;30:596-608.
2 . Dallner G, Sindelar PJ. Regulation of ubiquinone metabolism. Free Radic Biol Med 2000;29:285-94.
3. Hershey AD, Powers SW, Vockell AL, et al. Coenzyme Q10 deficiency and response to supplementation in pediatric and adolescent migraine. Headache. 2007 Jan;47(1):73-80.
4. Dumont M, Kipiani K, Yu F, et al. Coenzyme Q10 Decreases Amyloid Pathology and Improves Behavior in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2011 Jul 28.
5. Yoneda T, Tomofuji T, Ekuni D, et al. Anti-aging effects of co-enzyme Q10 on periodontal tissues. J Dent Res. 2013 Aug;92(8):735-9.
6. Fotino AD, Thompson-Paul AM, Bazzano LA. Effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on heart failure: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin nutr. 2013 Feb;97(2):268-75.
7. Coenzyme Q10, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Mn http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/coenzyme-q10/evidence/HRB- 20059019 "CoQ10 may help promote weight loss in obese people. Levels of CoQ10 may be lower in people with a higher body mass index (BMI). More high-quality research is needed to confirm these findings.


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Google and Facebook Working to Fight the Spread of 'Fake News'
Friday April 7, 2017 7:45 AM PDT by Joe Rossignol
Google and Facebook have announced new measures to fight "fake news," a term recently popularized by U.S. President Donald Trump.
Google today said it will be making its "Fact Check" label in Google News available everywhere, rather than in the United States only, and expanding the feature to its traditional search results globally in all languages.
The "Fact Check" label identifies articles that include information fact checked by news publishers and fact-checking organizations.
For the first time, when you conduct a search on Google that returns an authoritative result containing fact checks for one or more public claims, you will see that information clearly on the search results page. The snippet will display information on the claim, who made the claim, and the fact check of that particular claim.
Google said the "Fact Check" label is presented so people "can make more informed judgements" about a particular news story or claim, although the information won't be available for every search result, and there may be instances where different publishers checked the same claim and reached different conclusions.
Even though differing conclusions may be presented, we think it's still helpful for people to understand the degree of consensus around a particular claim and have clear information on which sources agree. As we make fact checks more visible in Search results, we believe people will have an easier time reviewing and assessing these fact checks, and making their own informed opinions.
Google said "only publishers that are algorithmically determined to be an authoritative source of information will qualify for inclusion," but it did not elaborate on how it makes this determination. Beyond that, publishers must be using the ClaimReview markup or the Share the Facts widget to be included.
Facebook for its part said it's working to better identify false news through its community and third-party fact-checking organizations.
Earlier this week, Facebook said it's rolling out an educational tool to help people spot false news, developed in consultation with non-profit organization First Draft. Facebook said it's featuring this tool at the top of the News Feed "for a few days" to users in 14 countries, including the United States.
When people click on this educational tool at the top of their News Feed, they will see more information and resources in the Facebook Help Center, including tips on how to spot false news, such as checking the URL of the site, investigating the source and looking for other reports on the topic.
Facebook said it "cannot become arbiters of truth" itself given the size of its platform, but it's committed to fighting the spread of misinformation.
Note: Due to the political nature of the discussion regarding this topic, the discussion thread is located in our Politics, Religion, Social Issues forum. All forum members and site visitors are welcome to read and follow the thread, but posting is limited to forum members with at least 100 posts.
Tags: Google, Facebook
jkcerda
Slippery slope. Don't care about Facebook but google as a search engine should be impartial
jonnysods
Oh great, now I feel safe. Now I can make sure I have all the unbiased left leaning news delivered right to my phone.
DrewDaHilp1
Who fact checks the fact checkers. Some dude, his wife and their cat?
Juicy Box
Who facts checks the fact checkers?
There was an unprecedented case of fact checking during a somewhat recent presidential debate where a moderator decided to become a fact checker and corrected one of the candidates. Up until that point, that candidate was clearly winning the debate, and having the moderator fact check his/her facts totally threw the person off their game.
The thing is, the candidate was correct in their statement, and the moderator was wrong. Whether it was deliberate or a mistake is not clear, but the result of the misinformation may have swayed some votes.
So, who will fact check the fact checkers? How could bias be eliminated from the fact checking?
I am afraid that this is just another way of manipulating data to further control the information that people are presented with.
samcraig
Make no mistake - this move is more about advertising than it is about stopping fake news itself. Brand safety is paramount and both Facebook and Google have been hit hard (YouTube specifically) because brands have wound up having ads on sites or appearing within videos that aren't in alignment with their brand. It's also skewed numbers and reporting (Facebook).
Follow the money - plenty of articles on the hit both orgs have taken when it comes to trust from advertisers.
LizKat
Fake news has a place. Like when you're four years old and the baby robin that fell from its nest in the rain (and that you insisted your mom help you find a warm place to rest in the barn and recuperate) dies overnight, and so.... the next day the warming up spot is empty and your mom says maybe he got better and flew back up where he belongs.
Past that, say at age seven -- the age of reason?-- then really fake news is ******** and should be called out as such. I'm not talking about opinion versus reporting, I'm talking about fabrications and failure to report context. If we manage to reach adulthood without being able to sort that stuff out, then it's nice if news aggregators are now (finally?) willing to assist. Unless, of course, you're the kind of political operative who revels in fake news. Sad day for trolls.


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Much like The Honduran Cigar industry, Nicaragua gained its cigar industry from the Cuban Revolution where cigar experts fled Cuba and ended up in this small Central American Country. Nicaragua was always famous for it's cigarette tobacco but had not yet cultivated a cigar crop. The Somoza dictatorship took advantage of Castro's revolution and funded the new cigar industry, utilizing the Cuban experts and the Cuban tobacco seeds they brought with them.
Charatan has a subtle blend of Seco Ligero and Volado filler leaves, bound with an Indonesian binder..
Conquistador are hand made quality cigars which have been matured to prefection. They have a comb..


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Murder prosecution in Ranchos, Washoe cases will be in Reno
A man accused of shooting and killing two Gardnerville Ranchos women will be prosecuted in Washoe County.
Douglas County District Attorney Mark Jackson and Washoe County District Attorney Chris Hicks announced a criminal complaint was filed in Reno Justice Court against El Salvadoran Wilber Martinez-Guzman, 19, who is being held in Carson City on three-dozen charges there.
Jackson said bringing the charges in a single venue would be the best way to seek justice in the case.
"I want to assure citizens of Douglas County that we will prosecute this case to the fullest extent of the law," Jackson said. "This case is my highest priority."
Jackson said he will be prosecuting the case with the Washoe County district attorney.
According to the charges Jackson read, they believe that Martinez-Guzman broke into a barn on the property of Reno residents Sharon and Jerald David on Jan. 3 and again on Jan. 4, when he took a .22 caliber handgun.
No police report was filed in that first case.
Gardnerville Ranchos resident Connie Koontz was found dead in her James Road home on Jan. 10. Jackson said Koontz' home was burglarized. He is also accused of entering Sophia Renken's Dresslerville Road home sometime Jan. 12-13 and shooting her with the same gun.
Jackson said that according to the information filed with the court, Martinez-Guzman then returned to the David home and shot Jerald and Sharon David.
He said the crimes were so intertwined between the two communities that both staffs felt trying the case in a single venue was the best course of action.
The decision on whether to pursue the death penalty against Martinez-Guzman must be made within 30 days of his arraignment on the murder charges in Reno.
He is currently being held in Carson City on an immigration hold.
New commissioner, school district lock horns
Landlines to implement 10-digit codes in 2021


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Am not the type of guy to look back that often, still, last years March 3 was the first day of my (chosen) unemployment! It was a Saturday then, so it didn't really feel like a day without a job, but it marked my new beginning, which brought me so far to Norway. No regrets on that decision!!


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Brady thanks voters after decisive Newry and Armagh win
Newly-elected Newry and Armagh MP Mickey Brady has today thanked his supporters and said: "This victory is for you and I will not let you down!"
Mr Brady was returned as the Parliamentary winner at around 5.30am yesterday (Friday) in the last of the Province's 18 seats to be declared.
The Sinn Fein representative was decisively elected, polling 20,488 votes, and today thanked all those who helped out with his campaign.
Mr Brady told Armagh I: "I want to firstly thank my family, who have stood by me not only through this campaign but through what has been a long, hard fight against austerity and inequality over the past 30 years.
"I also want to extend my gratitude to every single one of the huge Sinn Fein team who knocked doors, delivered leaflets, put up posters and made this victory possible. Their dedication was inspiring.
"Whether you were on the campaign from day one or helped out whenever you could, thank you. As Bobby Sands said, 'Everyone, Republican or otherwise, has their own particular part to play. No part is too great or too small, no one is too old or too young to do something'.
"Finally, I want to thank the 20,488 people who voted Sinn Fein. This victory is for you and I will not let you down."
The new MP said there was now a job to be done.
"The people have spoken loud and clear," added Mr Brady. "They've delivered their verdict on austerity, on inequality, on sectarian pacts, on partition and they have rejected all of them.
"The real work begins now. Despite being utterly rejected here and in Scotland and Wales, we now face another five years of Tory cuts and attacks on frontline services. It is quite clear that undemocratic, unrepresentative austerity is the price of the union.
"But we in Sinn Fein will stand by our promises to the people. We will work with our councillors, MLAs, MPs, TDs and MEPs to protect the people of Ireland from the worst aspects of austerity, whether they come from privileged millionaires in Westminster or the slibhin coalition in the Dail.
"We will continue to fight for a fair and free Ireland, that cherishes all the children of the nation equally."
Pictures: Mickey Brady on polling day with his predecessor Conor Murpy, and the newly elected MP for Newry and Armagh with Megan Corrigan and Megan Fearon MLA, moments after being declared the winner.
Read more news:
Brady wins Newry/Armagh, while Simpson holds Upper Bann
Dog owners warning after sheep savaged in south Armagh
Armagh's drive-in cinema's back and it's even better than before!
Newtown's axed Ulster Bank premises up for sale
Brady 'not deterred' after third death threat in 24 hours
RelatedMickey Brady
Tyrone man avoids jail after permitting young children to drive HGV on M1
Man shared 'racist and grossly offensive' content in online group, court hears


Once you have developed an initial set of Functional Requirements during the Requirements Gathering phase you will have a good understanding of the intended behavior of the system. You will understand what functionality is desired, what constraints are imposed, and what business objectives will be satisfied. However, one shortcoming of a traditional 'laundry-list' of requirements is that they are static and don't concern themselves with the different business processes that need be supported by one feature.
For example, in our fictitious online library system, the functionality for managing returns would need to handle the separate situations where a borrower returns a book early and when he/she returns it late. Although the same functionality is involved, they are different situations and the system would need to handle the separate conditions in each use case. Therefore use-cases are a valuable way of uncovering implied functionality that occurs due to different ways in which the system will be used. Also use-cases provide a great starting point for the test cases that will be used to test the system.
A use case is a definition of a specific business objective that the system needs to accomplish. A use-case will define this process by describing the various external actors (or entities) that exist outside of the system, together with the specific interactions they have with the system in the accomplishment of the business objective.
Business Use Case - Also known as an "Abstract-Level Use Case", these use cases are written in a technology-agnostic manner, simply referring to the high-level business process being described (e.g. "book return") and the various external entities (also known as an actor) that take part in the process (e.g. "borrower", "librarian", etc.). The business use case will define the sequence of actions that the business needs to perform to give a meaningful, observable result to the external entity.
System Use Case - Also known as an "Implementation Use Case", these use cases are written at a lower level of detail than the business use case and refer to specific processes that will be carried out by different parts of the system. For example a system use case might be "return book when overdue" and would describe the interactions of the various actors (borrower, librarian) with the system in carrying out the end-to-end process.
Typically you will start by defining the high-level business use-cases, and as the system requirements get defined, they will will be "drilled-down" into one or more lower-level system use cases.
One related artifact is the "business scenario" or user story. These are similar to use cases in terms of what they seek to accomplish - a description of the how the system will carry out a specified business process to fulfill the stated requirements. However unlike a use case which is a step-by-step enumeration of the tasks carried out during a process (with the associated actors), a scenario is much more free-form.
A user story is typically a narrative that describes how a user would experience the functionality of the system. As the name suggests it is a "short story" that describes the tasks they carry out, what information they see and how they interact with the system. User Stories have become more popular with the advent of Agile Methodologies that emphasize customer collaboration, user interaction and simplicity.
These are diagrams that can be used to more clearly illustrate the set of use cases that are provided by the functionality in a system. The diagrams contain both the external entities that will be using the system (also known as "actors") and the discrete use cases (or goals) that the users will be carrying out.
These diagrams are typically represented in the UML modeling language (though other forms do exist) and will help the business analyst convey the relationships between the actors and their business goals and how the design of the system needs to support their different objectives with integrated business processes.
Use cases are often used as a means of discovering and representing functional and system requirements since they define the interactions and tasks necessary for carrying our specific business objectives. However they typically are not a good way of defining non-functional requirements such as technical requirements or system qualities. A requirements traceability matrix is used to ensure completeness - namely that all functional requirements are covered by at least one business use case, and that all system requirements are covered by at least one system use case.
Since you typically need to ensure that there is complete requirements test coverage for a successful quality assurance program, use cases provide a good starting point for the design of test cases that will be used to test that the system meets the specified requirements.
Once the requirements engineering activities have been completed and the business analysts are happy with the requirements definition, the test writers can create test cases based on the system use cases. This usually involves adding more detailed pre-conditions and post-conditions and writing different test cases "variants" of the same use-case to cover different testing scenarios. Part of this will involve the identification of the critical exception cases that could cause the system to fail, and the development of the necessary test data to ensure full coverage of all test conditions.


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Person →
Namrata Rao
Editor, Actor
Born: Delhi, India
Namrata Rao is an Indian film editor who debuted in 2006 with the short film Baba Baba Black Beard. After working as an editor for a few documentaries, she worked on Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye! (2008), and then moved on to Ishqiya (2010), Band Baaja Baraat (2010), and is well-known for working as an actress as well as an editor in the film Love, Sex Aur Dhokha, for which she received the Filmfare Award for Best Editing in 2011. The critically acclaimed Kahani (2012) enabled her to win a National Film Award for Best Editing and also a Filmfare Award before she dove into 2 States.
She also has a contribution in big banner films which includes Befikre (2016), Kahani 2 (2016), Fan (2016), as well as the viral short film Ahalya (2015).
Bhuj: The Pride of India
Detective Byomkesh Bakshy
Peers & More
Aarti Bajaj
Asif Ali Shaikh


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Q: SVG mouseover and hover bug in Firefox? .dot {
  stroke:none;
  fill: red;
}

.dot:hover {
  fill: yellow;
}
<svg preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMin" width="100%"  height="100%" viewBox="-1 -1 2 2">
<g transform="translate(0,0) scale(1)">
<circle cx="0" cy="0" r="0.5" transform="scale(1)" class="dot"/>
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Check out this https://jsfiddle.net/c1j1q7hj/10/
In Firefox the hover doesn't fire on the circle, in Chrome it does
When radius on the circle is less than 1, hover is not correctly triggered (nor mouseover events). Setting the radius to 1 and adjusting the transform on the circle doesn't work
Is this a bug in Firefox ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


All units have kitchen, fireplace/woodstove, phone, cable TV & DVD. Some units have views. Outdoor pool and Jacuzzi, game room and laundry facility is centrally located. Pet friendly units available. AAA rating - 3 diamonds.


The joy and satisfaction of helping other humans is awesome. It is awesome but I also believe it's by design. Because when all that goodness is generated by generosity guess what's likely? More generosity. More goodness. Well played God, well played.
I am so excited for you. You know why? You just figured out why you're already happy by focusing on wanting what you have. You also just figured out how it's going to feel when you do achieve or get one of your wants. And it's going to be pretty freaking awesome.
Fierce Faith Friday: Set that blessing free!
That's it! My prayer time does take a few minutes, but a bit of that is me getting distracted and refocussing. These simple prayers have been a huge gamer changer! You can see why, right? Because they're focussed on what I can control: Asking God to intervene on their behalf and asking Him to help ME see and BE the mom they uniquely need. By focussing on what I can control and allowing God to lead the way, I have a recipe for success. Apparently. I'm still reeling from Zach doing the dishes without being told.


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Metropolis of Science
The history of discovery and innovation in New York City
Outside Manhattan
Washington Heights/Inwood
1665-1783: British Occupation to Revolution
1784-1854: Early America
1855-1897: Consolidation
1898-1945: Early 20th Century
1946-1977: Post-World War II
1978-Present: Modern
Scientists & Institutions
Steam-fueled Skirmish
Ferryboat innovation and competition roiled the waters of 19th century New York Harbor
By Alexis Fitts
At the beginning of the 19th century, Manhattan was a shadow of its future self—pastoral, with scattered farms, roving bovine, and fewer than 100,000 people. This was before railroads, bridges and subways speeded the pace of American transit. The fastest way to travel was by boat.
New York, recognizable still as The New York of opportunity, was flooded with hundreds of enterprising independent boaters, happy to shuttle travelers by paddle or horse-powered ship across the Hudson or East River—for the right price. In this city on the verge of industrialization, an aristocrat named Robert B. Livingston saw a way to use a new law to make a killing.
The federal government passed the first patent act in 1790 as a way of encouraging innovation. A slim law, the act granted a patent owner "sole and exclusive" rights to monetize a product without defining how long those rights could (or should) last. The nautically minded had been tinkering with steam-technology for close to a century, and certain innovations—including the fire-tube broiler—were quickly patented. Livingston, who had signed the Declaration of Independence, no doubt wielded political connections when he convinced the State of New York to issue him the sole rights to operate a steamboat in New York City ports—before he set out to find a boat.
In the 1790s steamboat entrepreneurs had already made several truncated attempts to launch service in New York City waters. The most notable of these men was John Fitch, whose doomed service made a few runs before a storm ruined his ship; his financiers panicked and pulled out. By the time Livingston set out to make his mark in steam, there was no apparent source of such a ship on the East Coast. To keep exclusivity, Livingston was supposed to have a steamship sailing by 1802. When he couldn't, officials extended his deadline once; then again. But in 1803 a fortuitous trip to Paris put him into the orbit of Robert Fulton, a Lancaster-bred painter, born to modest means, with a knack for invention. (Fulton already had several patents to his name.) The pair tinkered with a steamboat prototype, testing their models on the Seine. Finally, on a summer morning in 1807, a crowd watched Fulton's finished model, the Clermont, launch from the New York City harbor to begin the 60-hour round-trip ride to Albany.
The Clermont, Robert Fulton's first New York steam-propelled ferry, set out for Albany in 1807. (New York Public Library Digital Collections)
A few years later, the team operated six flat-bottomed steam-powered boats in the city's water. The efficiency of the fleet was remarkable: A trans-Hudson trip took 20 minutes; today the trip takes eight. But convenience didn't increase Fulton and Livingston's popularity among the boating set. Legislation granted the pair the right to seize any city vessels violating their dominance by spouting steam in city waters. The duo took to policing with an amateur's fervor, granting themselves the right to capture New Jersey steamships making stops in New York ports. The Jersey captains were rightfully miffed and staged retaliatory strikes to capture monopoly boaters 'out-of-district' in Jersey.
The seafaring dream team didn't last much longer. Livingston died in 1813 and two years later Fulton succumbed to a heart episode—brought on by wet clothing and a long wait in Trenton to negotiate with a New Jersey official. By 1819 the steam monopoly fell into disarray when the rights-owner, Philip Hone, began hawking liquor and beer on the ships and increased sailing time (sometimes to more than five hours for a Manhattan-Hoboken run). The sloshed travelers would stumble right past the Hoboken pier's public house, much to the dismay of Robert Livingston Stevens, who owned the pier (and the bar) and wanted the competition out. He filed an order with the state of New York, complaining of Hone's incompetence. It worked: the state issued Hone a declaration of ejectment, and the rights were eventually transferred to Stevens.
Stevens' company, the Hoboken Steamboat Ferry Co., went on to become one of the most powerful ferry companies in the area, but the monopoly didn't last much longer. Stevens leased out the rights to run a small fleet between Elizabethport, New Jersey, and New York to Aaron Ogden, a revolutionary war hero. Ogden got into a fight with a longtime friend, Thomas Gibbons, who ran a steamboat within New Jersey waters from his summer home in Elizabethport. To cut down Ogden's business, Gibbons started running his ship all the way into New York, parking at a different port each time to escape arrest. Ogden filed a complaint in the New York Court of Chancery to prevent Gibbons from operating out of jurisdiction. The court sided with Ogden, but Gibbons came back with an appeal and a legal dream-team. The case made it to the United States Supreme Court, where Chief Justice John Marshall reversed the lower court's decision and cemented the commerce clause, giving Congress the sole right to regulate commerce across state lines, nullifying the New York ferry monopoly.
This entry was posted on Thursday, January 7th, 2016 at 1:39 pm.	It is filed under All stories, Battery Park City, Early America (1784-1854), Technology & Engineering and tagged with 1790 patent law, Clermont, ferries, Hoboken Steamboat Ferry Co., John Fitch, New York Harbor, Robert B. Livingston, Robert Fulton. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.
Metropolis of Science is a site created and maintained by students in the M.A. Science, Environment and Medicine Journalism Program at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. Graduate students in the Department of History also collaborate and advise the site through the generous support of the Center for Science and Society and the Mellon Foundation. Maps courtesy David Rumsey Map Collection and NYPL Digital Collections.


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Trisha Home
Trisha Shetty (Editor)
Im a simple gal who loves adventure, nature and dogs Im a perfectionist too
Erbil International Airport
Updated on Aug 04, 2018
Airport type Public
Serves Erbil, Iraq
Elevation AMSL 1,363 ft / 415 m
Code EBL
Operator KRG
Location Ankawa
Address Erbil 44000, Iraq
Elevation 409 m
Hub for Iraqi Airways Zagrosjet
Similar General Turkish Consulate, Noble, Divan Erbil, Erbil Rotana, Classy
Erbil International Airport (IATA: EBL, ICAO: ORER), is the main airport of the city of Erbil in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Old airport
It is administered by the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) under a committee consisting of the Prime Minister of Iraqi Kurdistan, Nechervan Idris Barzani, and is one of two international airports (the other being Sulaymaniyah Airport) in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, with a third in Duhok being under construction. The new modern airport opened its doors in 2010. The airport has one of the longest runways in the world.
The airport was built at the beginning of the 1970s as an Iraqi military base. The airstrip was used as a military base until 1991 by the Ba'ath Party regime as a result of United Nations Security Council establishing a no-fly zone over Kurdistan. After the 2003 Iraq War, the Kurdistan Regional Government took over administrative rule of the region. On 26 May 2005, the airport was given the ICAO airport code, ORER. Endowed with natural resources including oil, natural gas and other minerals, investment in Kurdistan has increased since 2005 and the city of Erbil has been the recipient of foreign investments. Due to the growing need for safe access into the country, the Kurdistan Regional Government invested US$500 million in the construction of a modern airport.
The old Erbil airport covered 7,000 m2 (75,000 sq ft), and was divided into departure and arrival halls. It had three gates and a 2,800 m (9,200 ft) long runway with an ILS system. The Kurdistan International Bank, a Tourism Information office, the airline companies offices, duty-free shops, a cafeteria, and the Korek Telecom office were located inside the terminal.
The warehouse offered cargo space amounting to 4,320 m2 (46,500 sq ft) and consisted of an import and an export section. The cargo was handled by Dnata, a Dubai-based company.
A new Turkish built, $US550 million airport was opened on 3 March 2010. The new airport is next to the old airport (previously a military field) and has one of the world's longest runways, 4,800 m × 75 m (15,748 ft × 246 ft) and is equipped for ILS CAT II operations. The airport's new terminal has duty-free shops and currency exchange offices. The terminal also has CIP areas for business jets, and there is a VIP terminal for visiting dignitaries and diplomats.
In 2010 Erbil International Airport had the least expensive aviation fuel in Iraq (at 83 US cents per litre).
These are the airlines and destinations serves from Erbil Airport:
Since its opening in 2006, the airport has seen increased traffic. Traffic was up 22% in 2010 and in 2011 demand was up 37% to just over 620,000 passengers. In the first four months of 2012 passenger numbers are up 52% with April setting a new record of 84,275 departing and arriving passengers.
Erbil International Airport Wikipedia
Nick Mileti
Sylvia Heal


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Гарольд Уилсон, или Вильсон ():
 Уилсон, Гарольд (1885—1916) — британский легкоатлет, серебряный призёр летних Олимпийских игр 1908.
 Уилсон, Гарольд (1903—1981) — американский гребец, бронзовый призёр летних Олимпийских игр 1924.
 Вильсон, Гарольд (1916—1995) — политик-лейборист, лидер партии с 1963, премьер-министр Великобритании (1964—1970 и 1974—1976)


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