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At Wharton, a New Leader Confronts the Culture Wars
November 20, 2020 November 20, 2020 admin	0 Comments	Confronts, Culture, Leader, Wars, Wharton
As the nation's oldest business school, the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania has had an outsize influence on shaping the culture of corporate America. For more than a century, Wharton has taught aspiring capitalists how to break into new markets, trounce the competition and mint profits.
Today, while the foundational skills needed to run a business are still important, companies are also grappling with concerns that go well beyond the balance sheet. Diversity and inclusion, inequality, climate change, immigration and, more broadly, the role of business in society are all part of the conversation, in the boardroom and the classroom. And earlier this year, to take the school in a new direction, Wharton hired Erika James as its new dean.
Ms. James, who studied at Pomona College before receiving her Ph.D in organizational psychology at the University of Michigan, is uniquely suited for the role. Her research included work on diversity in the workplace, as well as managing through a crisis, which led her to do consulting work with large companies confronting major challenges.
Before joining Wharton, she was dean at Emory University's Goizueta Business School, and a professor at the Darden School of Business at the University of Virginia.
This interview was condensed and edited for clarity.
Who were your professional role models when you were growing up?
I knew the life I wanted to have, but I didn't know the career that I would foster in order to create that life. I've always been very attracted to being comfortable, if you will, even though we were really salt of the earth, middle-class people. My mother was a teacher. So my first role model was really the fact that I had a working mother, and most of the friends that I had did not. I just assumed I would work as well, though I never wanted to be a teacher. My stepfather had his own practice as a clinical psychologist, but he never really cared about money. He was just really interested in the work that he did. I was really intrigued by the work that he did, and I doubt I would have learned about psychology had it not been for my stepfather. So I think that I was most influenced by his career.
How did you wind up getting involved in business education?
When I was at Michigan, I realized I really enjoyed research, and I really had interesting questions that I wanted to answer, and those questions were largely around what happens in organizations. What happens in businesses? Why do companies operate and behave the way that they do?
I graduated quickly because I was ready to start working. I was eager to move out into the world and have a paycheck. I was looking more at sort of traditional corporate roles. My dissertation adviser said: "You'll always be able to do that, but at this moment, I'm asking you to take one year and pursue something in a university setting. If you don't like it, you can easily jump to McKinsey or American Express or Pfizer." I really respected her opinion. And so I went and applied for one academic job. I expected to leave after one year, and 20 years later, I'm still in academia.
It's a surer path to a comfortable life working at Pfizer or American Express than it is entering academia. What made you comfortable with that decision?
There was a lot of heartache in thinking about that decision. I had an offer from Pfizer, and this was when Viagra had just come out, and I was looking at the stock option package that they were offering. In hindsight, silly me for not for not taking that opportunity. But what I realized is I felt so much better about the work I was doing in higher education. I felt that the impact that I could have with my research and with the students was a deeper calling than whatever work I would be doing in human resources for Pfizer.
With your consulting work you were clearly looking at business, warts and all. How has that impacted your work today?
I've spent the past 20 years looking at the dark side of the business. There is never a shortage of case studies to study or to write about. What I realized once I started to have an opportunity to engage in leadership roles in business education was that I now have a platform to change the narrative around business. Business for many years had such a bad, negative reputation that I think it was inhibiting people who were quite talented from wanting to pursue business as a career possibility.
How is the Wharton curriculum being reshaped to address the increased focus on environmental, social and governance concerns, and diversity and inclusion?
It's a twofold process. The conversations in the classrooms are changing because the students are asking for it. Their expectation is that that's in our syllabus. We're going to have coursework and reading material and discussions on corporate social responsibility. We have to. If we want to continue to be an attractive choice for business school students, then our curriculum has to reflect what they're asking for as a part of their business school experience. So that is starting to happen.
I would also say there's a generation of faculty that's now coming into significant leadership roles as department chairs, for example, who have much more influence in preparing the curriculum and setting the agenda, and those faculty are increasingly aligned with where the students are coming from.
How is politics finding its way into the classroom?
It's no secret that academic institutions in general are typically perceived to be more liberal or progressive brands, rather than conservative. But a business school is potentially a bit more balanced. We are a microcosm of what's happening in the world. And for a period of time now it has become out of favor to not be consistently aligned with the progressive movement. So I think that some of our students, and some of our faculty, have felt that they've been pushed underground because their views and ideologies are different from the perceived ideologies of a more progressive movement. And that's a difficult place. We don't all necessarily need to agree on everything, but we do need to understand how to engage with and respect the views and opinions and beliefs of all of our community members. I think business schools are struggling with that, as are companies.
Does the M.B.A. still matter?
I'm the dean of the business school, so yes, the M.B.A. still matters.
Do you believe there has been progress when it comes to real meaningful diversity and inclusion and opportunities for Black men and women over the last many years at corporate America?
The data speaks for themselves. There hasn't been a lot of progress if you look at the sheer number of Black C.E.O.s or Blacks within one or two reporting relationships of the C.E.O. Why is that the case? I think it's the case that we haven't fully prioritized it as much as we have talked about it. And the two are very, very different.
In 2020 following the killing of George Floyd, the galvanizing efforts of C.E.O.s and executives is unlike anything that I had ever seen before. The question is how much of what we saw this summer was a reaction to his killing, versus how much of that will be a sustained effort to really think about the ways in which organizations recruit and attract and develop and promote and compensate Black professionals. Time will tell.
Do you ever feel like you've had to work twice as hard, or that there have been obstacles as a result of your gender or race?
Of course. But one of the interesting things that I've been grappling with is how much of that is pressure that I put on myself, versus how much of that is pressure that I actually have felt from other people. I don't have the answers, but I certainly put a lot of pressure on myself with the belief that I had to be that much better, that there was no room for error or mistake. It sort of drives me in ways that has obviously led to opportunities that are quite extraordinary.
How do you expect Wharton will change during your tenure?
I don't think we can just assume that because we're Wharton we can just rest on our laurels and say, we'll always be safe. We have to be mindful that our competition is not just other business schools. Our competition is complacency, and when you're the best, it is very easy to become complacent. So one of the things that I hope that my tenure as dean will do is to motivate us to think about how do we want to define business education in the future, and not only rely on what we've done in the past.
I think the fact that I'm Wharton's first female dean means there are likely going to be differences in how I engage with our alumni and with our students and with our faculty that are reflective of who I am as a woman at this level in business education. There just aren't a lot of us.
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See also Nashik on Wikipedia; and our 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica disclaimer.
NASIK, a town and district of British India, in the central division of Bombay. The town is on the Godavari river, connected by a tramway (5 m.) with Nasik Road railway station, 107 m. N.E. of Bombay. Pop. (1901) 21,490. It is a very holy place of Hindu pilgrimage, being 30 m. from the source of the Godavari. Shrines and temples line the river banks, and some stand even in the river. In the vicinity there are a number of sacred caves, among which those of Pandu Lena are the most noteworthy. They are ancient Buddhist caves dating from the 3rd century before Christ to the 6th century after. There are numerous inscriptions of the highest historical value. Nasik has manufactures of cotton goods, brass-ware and mineral waters.
The District of Nasik has an area of 5850 sq. m. With the exception of a few villages in the west, the whole district is situated on a tableland from 1300 to 2000 ft. above sea-level. The western portion is hilly, and intersected by ravines, and only the simplest kind of cultivation is possible. The eastern tract is open, fertile and well cultivated. The Sahyadri range stretches from north to south; the watershed is formed by the Chander range, which runs east and west. All the streams to the south of that range are tributaries of the Godavari. To the north of the watershed, the Girna and its tributary the Mosam flow through fertile valleys into the Tapti. The district generally is destitute of trees, and the forests which formerly clothed the Sahyadri hills have nearly disappeared; efforts are now being made to prevent further destruction. and to reclothe some of the slopes. The district contains several old hill forts, the scenes of many engagements during the Mahratta wars. Nasik district became British territory in 1818 on the overthrow of the peshwa. The population in 1901 was 816,504, showing a decrease of 3% in the decade. The principal crops are millet, wheat, pulse, oil-seeds, cotton and sugar cane. There are also some vineyards of old date, and much garden cultivation. Yeola is an important centre for weaving silk and cotton goods. There are flour-mills at Malegaon, railway workshops at Igatpuri, and cantonments at Deolali and Malegaon. At Sharanpur is a Christian village, with an orphanage of the C.M.S., founded in 1854. The district is crossed by the main line and also by the chord line of the Great Indian Peninsula railway.
This page was last edited on 27 July 2017, at 17:46.


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This Bitcoin ETF Could Bring Cryptocurrency Mainstream
October 24, 2017|by Chris Preston
They may not have invented Facebook (FB), but they're close to inventing the Bitcoin ETF.
Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss, the twin brothers who famously claimed to have come up with the idea for Facebook only to have it allegedly stolen by Harvard classmate and eventual founder Mark Zuckerberg, are on the brink of gaining SEC approval of an exchange-traded fund that tracks the price of Bitcoin. It's taken a while: I was in the room four years ago when the Winklevoss brothers presented their idea at the 2013 Value Investing Congress in New York. At the time, Bitcoin was more shadowy rumor than legitimate investing concept. Today, it's one of the market's hottest commodities, up more than 700% this year alone (see chart below).
Still, most people don't really trust it—and with good reason. As our own Chloe Lutts Jensen wrote in June, Bitcoin is "still a very young market without the (relative) stability and safeguards of the stock market," and one that equity investors can't invest in directly. That would change is the SEC signs off on this Bitcoin ETF.
Find out which stocks you should buy this month to make money.
These winners should go much higher even in this volatile market—don't miss out!
Count me among the skeptical of all things Bitcoin (and ETFs aren't really our cup of tea either here at Cabot Wealth Network). But I must admit, the Winklevoss twins made a pretty compelling case four years ago.
They highlighted the fact that, like gold, there is a finite amount of Bitcoin—there will never be more than 21 million bitcoins in circulation at any time. That gives it a leg up on the dollar and other global currencies that are subject to inflation. Tyler Winklevoss referred to it as "a digital gold, or gold 2.0."
Another advantage of Bitcoin, according to the Winklevoss brothers, was that it allows the owner to bypass the banking system, withdrawing money whenever they want and avoiding the risk of having their money stored in a bank that might not be "too big to fail." Instead, it's stored on a USB stick or in a digital "wallet" online.
Valid points all. And they've been right on the money (no pun intended) about the digital currency's investing potential. But the twins haven't had as much success getting their Bitcoin ETF to see the light of day. The SEC rejected the latest version of it earlier this year. Since then, perhaps due to the currency's eye-popping rally, Bitcoin has gained mainstream acceptance in other areas of the market. The Chicago Board Options Exchange plans to list Bitcoin futures as early as year's end. Bitcoin options are also close to gaining approval.
According to Bloomberg Technology analyst Eric Balchunas, the more Bitcoin-friendly environment could prompt the SEC to change its stance on the Bitcoin ETF. If and when that happens, anyone with an investment account will be able to trade it. That would essentially erase any concerns about a lack of market safeguards making the cryptocurrency too unstable or risky.
Whether or not you should invest in Bitcoin is a subject for another day. But it might soon be a lot easier to do, thanks to the Winklevoss twins.
Financial News, Stock Tips, and Investing How-Tos
Investment analyst and Chief Analyst of Cabot Wealth Daily, Chris Preston brings you all the latest from the investing world. Sign up to get updates and breaking news delivered FREE to your inbox. Get unlimited access to our library of complimentary investing reports.
Introducing Cabot ETF Investing System
Straight Talk on Cabot ETF Investing System
Beat the S&P With Cabot ETF Investing System
Safe Investing and Lagging Indicators
Talking About Exchange-Traded Funds
Bitcoin, Bitcoin ETF, bitcoin futures, Bitcoin options, cabot, cabot wealth, cabot wealth network, Chloe Lutts Jensen, cryptocurrency, digital currency, equity investors, etf, etfs, exchange traded fund, exchange traded funds, FB, Futures, inflation, invest, invest in Bitcoin, investing, investment, investment account, investors, options, options exchange, stock, stock market, the stock market, value investing, wealth network.
"Having lost so much money with brokers and mutual funds, it is wonderful to be able to share the insights of someone of your status…when I search my e-mails and see something from Cabot, I know I'll have the leadership and direction to know what to do next. Thank you, thank you."
-J. Goodwin (no relation to Paul), Fayetteville, Georgia.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Ким Бейсингър (, , често срещана в България като Бейсинджър) е американска актриса и фотомодел. Едни от най-запомнящите ѝ се роли са във филмите "Девет седмици и половина" (1986), "Батман" (1989), "Поверително от Ел Ей" (1997), "Осмата миля" (2002) и "Любезните пичове" (2016). През 1998 г. Бейсингър печели Най-добра поддържаща женска роля за "Поверително от Ел Ей".

Биография
Родена е на 8 декември 1953 г. в Атънс. Ким е третото дете от общо пет в семейството на американци, работещи в развлекателната индустрия. Баща ѝ е джаз музикант, а майка ѝ е състезателка по синхронно плуване и е играла воден балет в няколко филма на Естър Уилямс. Има двама по-големи братя и две по-малки сестри. Баба ѝ е отчасти чероки.

Като малка Ким е много срамежлива и родителите ѝ я водили в психиатрия по подозрения за аутизъм. По-късно я записали на уроци по балет. На 16 години печели конкурса за красота за девойки за щата Джорджия. Поканена е за участие в конкурса Мис Америка и по този повод отива в Ню Йорк, но не печели националната надпревара. В началото на 1970-те, след като завършва гимназия, тя се завръща в Ню Йорк, където работи като фотомодел. Агенцията за модели Форд бързо я привлича. Едва 20-годишна, тя вече получава по 1000 долара дневно и е един от най-известните фотомодели в САЩ.

Кариера

Освен добре платен модел, Бейсингър се усъвършенства в актьорството като взима уроци в школата Neighborhood Playhouse. Играе на малки сцени в Гринуич Вилидж и пее под псевдонима Челси в различни клубове. През 1976 се мести в Холивуд и дебютира в киното с роля в един от епизодите на сериала "Ангелите на Чарли". Запознава се с гримьора Рон Бритън по време на снимките за нискобюджетната драма "Hard Country" (1981) и се жени за него. Печели световна слава като "момичето на Бонд" от филма "Никога не казвай никога" (1983) с Шон Конъри и с еротичната си роля в "Девет седмици и половина]]" (1986), където ѝ партнира Мики Рурк. Освен това позира гола за списание "Плейбой" през знаковата за нея 1983 година. Развежда се с Бритън през 1989 г. През 1989 закупува град Брасълтън в щата Джорджия за 20 милиона долара, но след като през 1993 е дадена под съд заради неизпълнение на трудов договор за участие във филм, тя е принудена да продаде градчето за едва 1 милион долара.

В началото на 1990-те настъпва леко затишие. През 1992 отказва главната женска роля в "Първичен инстинкт", която се играе по-късно от Шарън Стоун. Завръща се достойно в киното с ролята си на проститутка във филма "Поверително от Ел Ей" (1997), за която получава Най-добра поддържаща женска роля. Така става първото някогашно "момиче на Бонд", което получава Оскар. Нейният успех по-късно е повторен от Хали Бери. Освен това е първата актриса, която получава Оскар, след като е позирала гола пред "Плейбой".

Бейсингър става много добре платена актриса, като за участието си във филма "Мечтах за Африка" (2000) получава 5 милиона долара.

Личен живот

Преди да стане известна Бейсингър излиза с модела Тим Сондърс, фотографа Дейл Робинет и спортиста Джо Намат. Тя нямаше да има друга публична привързаност до 2014 г., когато започна да се среща с Мич Стоун. Подобно на Снайдер и Питърс преди него, Стоун се срещна с Бейсинджър, докато й правеше прическа на снимачна площадка. Двойката носи еднакви златни ленти и оттогава заживяват заедно.

На 12 октомври 1980 г. тя се жени за гримьора Рон Снайдер-Бритън, с който се запознава на снимките на "Трудна страна". Бейсингър развива агорафобия през същата година след пристъп на паника в магазин и е принудена да си стои вкъщи цели шест месеца.

Омъжена е за актьора Алек Болдуин от 1993 до 2002 г. През 1995 г. ражда първото си дете – дъщеря ѝ Айърланд. По-късно Бейсингър води борба с Алек Болдуин за правата над нея.

Ким Бейсингър е вегетарианка и защитничка на правата на животните.

Филмография

Филми

Източници

Външни препратки

Американски актриси
Денс музиканти
Носители на "Оскар" за най-добра поддържаща женска роля
Носители на Златен глобус
Плейбой модели
Модели от САЩ
Американски общественици
Германци в САЩ
Хора от Джорджия

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Once you being practicing the Law of Attraction, you start to see your world differently. You also learn how to see yourself in a new light. As you become in tune with the world instead of battling against it, you discover the immense power of positive energy.
Eventually you have to make a choice – turn your back on what you know is the truth or mix with the old, negative crowd. That's when you have to prune your friends list. As harsh as this sounds, it really isn't.
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Don't get us wrong — we're big fans of the Scandinavian design mecca, otherwise known as IKEA. However, there comes a time when our living spaces call for a hint of uniqueness — something, different.
Tictail, global community of emerging brands, is a neat online marketplace providing countless options of originality. The Tictail team has curated a list of pieces especially for Lonny, and you. Here, Briana Feigon, director of global communications at Tictail, shares her input on each piece chosen for Lonny. Read ahead to find out what we're loving, and why.


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Criminal law of Canada
(Redirected from Criminal law in Canada)
This article's lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page. (July 2018)
The criminal law of Canada is under the exclusive legislative jurisdiction of the Parliament of Canada. The power to enact criminal law is derived from section 91(27) of the Constitution Act, 1867. Most criminal laws have been codified in the Criminal Code, as well as the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, Youth Criminal Justice Act and several other peripheral statutes.
1 Prosecution
2 Elements of an offence
2.1 Mens rea
3 Defences
4 Legal proceedings
4.2 Bail
4.3 Preliminary inquiry
4.4 Trial
4.5 Sentencing
4.6 Appeal
5 Mental health issues
6 Young offenders
Prosecution[edit]
In all Canadian provinces and territories, criminal prosecutions are brought in the name of the "Queen in Right of Canada".
A person may be prosecuted criminally for any offences found in the Criminal Code or any other federal statute containing criminal offences.[1]
There are two basic types of offences. The most minor offences are summary conviction offences. They are defined as "summary" within the Act and, unless otherwise stated, are punishable by a fine of no more than $5,000 and/or 6 months in jail. Examples of offences which are always summary offences include trespassing at night (section 177), causing a disturbance (section 175) and taking a motor vehicle without the owner's consent (section 335) (an equivalent to the British TWOC).
All non-summary offences are indictable: the available penalties are greater for indictable offences than for summary offences. These in turn may be divided into three categories.
Indictable-only offences include treason and murder (section 235), and are listed in section 469 of the Criminal Code. These can only be tried by the higher court of the province with a jury, unless both the accused person and the Attorney General consent to trial by a higher court judge alone: section 473.
Offences of absolute jurisdiction include theft and fraud up to the value of $5,000 and certain nuisance offences. These are listed in section 553 of the Criminal Code: the accused person does not have an election and must be tried by a judge of the provincial court without a jury.
Most other offences defined by the Criminal Code are triable either way, and are sometimes known as hybrid offences. In these offences the accused person can elect whether to be tried by:
a provincial court judge,
a judge of the higher court of the province without a jury or
a judge of the higher court with a jury.
However, if the accused elects trial by a provincial court judge, that judge can decline jurisdiction and refer the case to the higher court: section 554. The Attorney General can also require a case to be tried by the higher court with a jury: section 568.
Elements of an offence[edit]
Criminal offences require the prosecuting crown to prove that there was criminal conduct (known as the actus reus or "guilty act") accompanied by a criminal state of mind (known as the mens rea or "guilty mind")[2] on a standard of "beyond a reasonable doubt".[3] Exceptions to the mens rea requirement exist for strict and absolute liability offences.
The specific elements of each offence can be found in the wording of the offence as well as the case law interpreting it. The external elements typically require there to be an "act", within some "circumstances", and sometimes a specific "consequence" that is caused by the action.[4]
For the crown to prove the accused is guilty the actus reus and mens rea must be proven. Actus Reus + Mens Rea = Crime/ Guilty
Mens rea[edit]
The mental or fault elements of an offence are typically determined by the use of words within the text of the offence or else by case law. Mens Rea in Canada typically focuses on the actual or 'subjective' state of mind of the accused. Where no standard is explicitly stated conduct must typically be proven to have been done with a general intent (i.e. intent to act in a certain way irrespective of the action's outcome). Where certain circumstances are part of the offence, the accused must have had knowledge of them, which can be imputed based on conduct and other evidence.
Defences[edit]
When the Crown is able to prove the elements of the offence beyond a reasonable doubt, the defence may still avoid conviction by raising a positive defence.
A true defence arises when some circumstances afford the accused a partial or complete justification or excuse for committing the criminal act. In Canada, the defences are generally similar to standard and popularly understood defences of other common law jurisdictions such as the U.K., Australia and the United States. The true defences include duress,[5] automatism,[6] intoxication,[7] or necessity.[8] There is also a partial defence of provocation, which has the effect of reducing what would otherwise be murder to manslaughter. This partial defence is provided by s. 232 of the Criminal Code.
Some defences are provided for by statute and some defences are provided for solely by the common law. In some cases common law defences are superseded by statutory enactment, for example duress, self-defence and as mentioned above, extreme intoxication. In the case of duress the Supreme Court of Canada struck down the statutory provision as violative of s. 7 of the Charter, leaving the broader common law defence instead. Statutory encroachments on the scope of common law defences can violate s. 7 of the Charter if they unacceptably reduce the fault requirement of offences.
In addition to the true defences as mentioned above, there are other "defences" in a broader sense. In some cases, these "defences" are really just an assertion that the Crown has not proven one of the elements of the offence. For example, the mistake of fact defence involves an assertion that the accused misunderstood some material factual matter that prevented him from forming the requisite mens rea for the offence. In the context of sexual assault, for example, a mistake of fact defence usually involves an assertion that the accused did not realize the complainant was not consenting. Since the mens rea for sexual assault includes a subjective appreciation of the fact that the complainant is not consenting, the "defence" of mistake of fact in this context is thus properly understood as a failure on the part of the Crown to prove its case. In practical terms and common parlance, however, it is still considered to be a defence. Another example of this more general kind of defence is the "i.d. defence", which is really just an assertion by the accused that the Crown has failed to prove the identity of the perpetrator of a crime beyond a reasonable doubt. There are many other examples of this kind of defence. In reality they are just clusters of specific shortcomings that arise frequently in the prosecution of certain kinds of offences.
All defences – whether one is speaking of true defences or defences in the broader sense – can arise from the evidence called by the Crown or the accused. A defence can only be left with the jury (or considered by a judge trying the case without a jury) where there is an "air of reality" to the defence on the evidence. That air of reality can arise from the Crown's case and/or from the defence case if one is called. It is not necessary for an accused to testify or call other evidence to raise a defence. If the evidence called by the Crown is sufficient to raise an air of reality to a defence, the jury must consider whether the defence applies, most on the standard of whether it raises a reasonable doubt. For example, in an assault case it may be that one of the Crown's eyewitnesses testifies that it looked to him like the victim punched the accused first and that the accused was defending himself. In such a case, even if all the other eyewitnesses saw the accused punch first, the jury must consider whether on all of the evidence it has a reasonable doubt that the accused acted in self-defence.
There is an even broader sense of the word "defence". Sometimes the defence will raise an issue capable of leading either to the termination of the proceedings or the exclusion of evidence. For example, in a drug case the accused might argue that the search warrant by which the police entered his house and seized the drugs was defective and that his constitutional rights were therefore violated. If he is successful in establishing such a violation, the evidence can be excluded, and usually the Crown cannot otherwise prove its case. When this sort of thing happens, it is not really a defence at all, since the accused must establish it in a separate pre-trial application. Nevertheless, lawyers often refer to such applications as a "Charter defence" in reference to the Charter of Rights.
Other forms of Charter defence can lead not to the exclusion of evidence but to the termination of the proceedings, known as a stay of proceedings. For example, if the accused is not brought to trial within a reasonable time, the proceedings must be stayed for delay by virtue of ss. 11(b) and 24(1) of the Charter. Stays of proceedings can also take place in the absence of a Charter violation. For example, the familiar "defence" of entrapment is neither a true defence nor necessarily a Charter breach. When entrapment is successfully established, the proceedings are deemed to be an "abuse of process" for which the remedy is a stay of proceedings. Cases of abuse of process arise in certain other circumstances, and they can also can involve Charter breaches, and there is significant overlap.
Finally, ignorance of the law is not a defence. Section 19 of the Criminal Code specifically prohibits this defence. However, in rare cases, ignorance of a law other than the one under which the accused is charged can be a defence if knowledge of that law is a relevant circumstance required to be proved as part of the actus reus and/or mens rea.
Legal proceedings[edit]
Canadian Criminal Cases collection
Information[edit]
A person who alleges an offence, generally a police officer, prepares an Information, swearing under oath the facts supporting the charge. The officer then lays the information before a Justice of the Peace, who then decides whether to issue process to summon the person named in the information, by a summons or an arrest warrant. Private individuals can also prepare an information, but private prosecutions are rare. The Attorney General of the province in which the proceedings are taking place may intervene and take over the case, or issue a stay of proceedings. Private prosecutions in Canada are usually restricted to regulatory offences such as practicing law without a licence and cruelty to animals.
Bail[edit]
Main article: Bail (Canada)
Most accused persons are released at the time of arrest on a promise to appear. Where the police decide to hold the accused, the police must produce the accused before a Justice of the Peace within 24 hours. At that point a bail hearing will be held. An accused person generally does not bear the onus justifying release, subject to a few exceptions, such as if the accused is charged with murder, trafficking in narcotics, terrorism offences. An accused may be released or detained pending the trial and, if found guilty, the passing of sentence.
An order made by a Justice may be appealed to a superior court by either the Crown or the accused.
Preliminary inquiry[edit]
Where the accused is charged with an indictable offence, the Crown must prove a prima facie case before a judge of a provincial court. This process must be requested by the defence or the Crown.[9] The presiding judge must determine whether there is sufficient evidence for a jury, acting reasonably and judicially, to convict the accused. The judge may neither weigh the evidence nor determine whether the evidence is admissible. If the judge determines there is sufficient evidence for a jury acting reasonably and judicially to convict the accused, the judge must commit the accused to stand trial. If not, the judge must discharge the accused and the proceedings end. However, if at a later date the Crown tenders further evidence, the Crown may recommence the proceedings. A discharge at a preliminary inquiry does not constitute double jeopardy.
There is no appeal from an order of a judge. However, either party may seek leave to review the order in the superior court.
If the accused is charged with an offence punishable by summary conviction or if the Crown elects to proceed by summary conviction if the accused is charged with a hybrid offence, the accused is not entitled to a preliminary inquiry and is immediately committed to trial.
Section 536(4) of the Criminal Code, proclaimed in force in 2004, indicates a preliminary inquiry is no longer automatic after an accused elects to be tried in a superior court. The Attorney General may also, in rare cases, bypass the preliminary inquiry and issue a direct indictment. This may occur even where the accused has requested a preliminary inquiry, or even when the accused has been discharged by a preliminary inquiry.[10]
Trial[edit]
The accused is tried at this stage. Where the accused is charged with an offence and has elected to be tried in provincial court, the judge may decide that the matter ought to be dealt with in the superior court and treat the trial as a preliminary inquiry and demand the accused to stand trial in the superior court.
At this stage the trial court has all the authority to determine matters such as bail, preliminary motions, trial matters and the verdict. If the trial is by judge and jury, the jury has the ultimate authority to render a verdict but the trial judge has the authority over bail, pretrial motions and jury instructions.
Sentencing[edit]
If the accused is found guilty the trial judge must determine a fit sentence. See Criminal sentencing in Canada. Where the trial is by judge alone, the judge will determine all facts which were proven and allow the parties to adduce additional evidence concerning disputed facts which may form the basis for finding aggravating or mitigating circumstance (i.e., the extent of injuries sustained by a victim). The Crown must prove an aggravating fact beyond a reasonable doubt while the accused bears a burden on a balance of probabilities to prove a mitigating fact.
Appeal[edit]
The Crown may appeal against a verdict of acquittal on a question of law alone. The accused may appeal on a question of law, fact or mixed law and fact. Either party may appeal a sentence unless the sentence is one fixed by law.
Either party is entitled to a further appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada against a conviction or acquittal if a judge of the court of appeal dissented on a question of law or if the court of appeal allowed a Crown appeal against an acquittal and substituted a conviction. Otherwise either party may appeal a verdict or sentence with leave of the Supreme Court of Canada.[11]
Mental health issues[edit]
Mental health issues with a defendant in criminal proceedings are formally dealt with in two ways: whether the defendant is "fit to stand for trial", and the verdict of "not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder". For more information, see Fitness Law in Canada, Insanity Defence and Mental Disorder Defense.
Informally, mental health can also be dealt with by alternative measures, through "mental health diversion". Mental health diversion will usually require a plan of supervision with the assistance of mental health social workers and professionals.
Young offenders[edit]
Criminal law matters relating to young persons (those aged 12 through 17) are dealt with by the Youth Criminal Justice Act which provides for different procedures and punishments than those applicable to adults. It also provides that in some serious cases youths may be treated like adults for sentencing and other purposes.
Canada portal
Book: Canada
Section 91(27) of the Constitution Act, 1867
Law enforcement in Canada
Law of Canada
Bail (Canada)
^ In constitutional terms, a criminal offence was defined in the Margarine Reference
^ See Beaver v R
^ see R v Lifchus for description of the standard
^ each of which must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt".
^ see R v Ruzic
^ R v Stone
^ Which affords a partial defence to offences of specific intent (e.g. reducing murder to manslaughter). When the accused establishes on a balance of probabilities he was intoxicated to the point of being in a mental state akin to automatism or a mental disorder, a related rare defence of extreme intoxication may fully excuse even a general intent offence, although Parliament has attempted to foreclose that defence by enacting s.33.1 of the Criminal Code. Whether s.33.1 will survive scrutiny under the Charter of Rights is still an open question in Canada. Some lower courts have struck it down and others have upheld it, see R v Daviault
^ R v Perka and R v Latimer
^ s.536.4(1) of the Criminal Code
^ s. 536(4) of the Criminal Code
^ "Canadian criminal court system". Association of Commonwealth Criminal Lawyers. Retrieved 2010-12-24.
Michelle G. Grossman; Julian V. Roberts (2011). Criminal Justice in Canada. Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-0-17-650228-7.
Aaron Doyle; Dawn Moore (2011). Critical Criminology in Canada: New Voices, New Directions. UBC Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-1835-3.
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Canadian criminal law
Criminal Code, RSC 1985, c C-46 )
Criminal Code also available in searchable format through CanLII
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Anyway..so i'm searching through the forum..and what do I see? 'Commencement of Level II', Ya Rabbi!..I see a post! It's Ustaadh, I think we are going to start Level II! (At this point I'm delirious)...so quite frantically I reach for the left click...and voila!
Ditto. Anticlimax? I think so.
Maybe what we need is to start a petition and demand the much awaited Applied and MSA L2 start...and soon!
Lol...I've got this image in my head, you know when you get kids who are reaaal hungry, so theirs a classic image of them holding their knife's and forks in their hands, banging the table and chanting 'WE WANT FOOD'....well I think we need to do something similar but replace the knives and forks with pens and pencils and the chant 'WE WANT ARABIC' ...not very sophisticated I know.
Hmmm...maybe we can chant in Arabic....so what would that be...?
What do we want? "نُرِيدُ أَنْ نَدْرُسَ الْلُغَةَ الْعَرَبِيَّةَ!"
When do we want it? "اَلْآنَ!"
ps: Ahem...its not our fault if some hackers took over our user names to demand Arabic Classes ....twas not us...right?
Yes, indeed. Tis a strange matter, who are these imposter's? Off with their head's!


We see a lot of pain and injury in our offices. Cupping is one of those things that looks mysterious but is really a straightforward therapy that provides quick, effective results.
There is a lot of buzz about Michael Phelps and his use of Cupping Therapy, so we thought we'd give you the inside scoop on this ancient therapy used in our office and all over the world.
Cupping Therapy is used on athletes and non-athletes alike.
Cupping Therapy breaks up stasis – the stagnation of blood, helps release connective tissue, and relaxes tight muscles.
It does this by pulling deeper levels of blood to the surface, breaking the capillaries in the process. That's what creates the bruise-like circles on Micheal Phelps.
The body then moves to heal the capillaries and in the process brings fresh blood, oxygen, and nutrients to the site, increasing blood flow and healing.
It also boosts the immune system and is a wonderful therapy at the onset of a cold, knocking it out very quickly- sometimes within 24 hrs.
There are different styles of cupping: fire cupping – which looks very mysterious – this uses the vacuum created by the fire to create the suction and help the glass cups "stick" to the skin and suction. There is also vacuum cupping where an apparatus helps the cups create the suction. Both work in the same manner as described above.
Sometimes we slide the cups across the muscles, sometimes they stay stationary.
Cupping Therapy is very relaxing and works quickly to achieve results.
The cups are sterilized after each treatment. A cupping therapy session happens within your regular massage or acupuncture treatment and lasts about 10-20 minutes.


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Perseid Meteor Shower To Put On An Extravagant Show Tonight
By Aakarsh Dube 5 months, 1 week
Perseids are an annual meteor shower known for being lush and beautiful. These are said to create the largest number of meteors every year but not all of these are visible. The peak of these comets will be on the nights of the 12th and 13th August but sadly, these nights also are close to a Full Moon which is on the 15th of August, thus will have bright moonlit skies.
SEE ALSO: Astrophotographer Captures Phenomenal Image Of A Meteor Explosion On Jupiter
Perseids are named after the son of Perseus from the Greek mythology as they hail from the constellation of Perseus. Meteor showers are associated with the debris from a space body, generally a comet. The Perseids are debris orbiting around the comet, Swift-Tuttle. Although these meteors seem to peak now, they have been visible since the 9th of August and will continue to remain visible for about 10 more days after the peak is over.
In previous years, where the moonlight was not prevalent, one could catch over 150 meteors per hour during their peaks but because of the bright moonlight this year we could expect to see around 20 meteors an hour. But there is a possibility to catch more of these meteors raining down at times when lights of sun or moon are not as prevalent during dusk or right before dawn.
SEE ALSO: Dazzling Meteor Shower 'Delta Aquariids 2019' Is Officially Active Right Now!
The Perseids will be best seen in the northern hemisphere, but to the south of the equator, you can look towards the north-east to catch some of them dazzling in the sky. For people in the northern hemisphere, the radiant of these meteors, the constellation Perseus is seen hanging low in the north-eastern skies. Looking away from the constellation, one can see meteors with longer tails which are amazing! These are more popular among sky-watchers than other meteor showers like Leonoids or Geminids as they occur in the mid-summer.
It would be an amazing opportunity to catch a glimpse of these during the peak time, only if there weren't any gloomy clouds looming in the sky throwing shade and covering our view to one of the most extravagant show of nature.
SEE ALSO: A Bright Fireball Rained Meteorites On Earth And It's Incredible
TOPICS: Science, Meteor Showers, Perseids meteor showers


Let's aim to finish this year and start the new one as we mean to go on – calm, collected, well rested, and full of zen. To even have a hope of doing this, we need to ensure we have ample sleep. Feng Shui is the ancient Chinese art of arranging living spaces to maximize the flow of chi (energy). They believe that if we do this, we increase our mental and physical health and wellbeing and create an environment of safety and productivity.
Taking the time to think about how your bedroom is set up is important. It's where you sleep and we all know that adequate sleep is very important to our overall health and wellbeing. That's why we've put together some easy steps to optimize the Feng Shui of your bedroom.
The ideal place is a position where you can see the door but you aren't directly in line with or opposite it. According to the principles of Feng Shui, having a view of the door – but not being too close to it – gives us a sense of safety and helps us to relax and fall asleep. However we should try not to have the foot of the bed pointing towards the door as this is known as the "coffin" position. If there is no where else to position the bed, try and add a table or footboard at the end to act as a buffer.
Remove any clutter from your bedroom and also the path from your bedroom to the front door. This allows a uninterrupted flow of chi through your house. According to Feng Shui, clutter isn't just an eyesore; it can actually block the flow of chi, disturb sleep, and prevent things in your life from moving forward.
Neatness where you can't see it counts as well – so no piling everything into the wardrobe and closing the door. Also avoid storing anything under the bed as this prevents the continuous flow of energy through the room.
Having a mirror in your room is thought to reflect energy and could be the reason you're not sleeping. It's also thought to amplify worrying. If you need to have a mirror, try to hang it somewhere where it can be hidden when you're sleeping.
An absolute no-no is to place a mirror directly opposite your bed, especially if you share it with a partner. According to Feng Shui experts, this can promote the intrusion of a third party and encourage infidelity.
According to the experts of Feng Shui, warm colours reminiscent of skin tone are thought to be the most relaxing in a bedroom. Cream, peach, beige, yellow, coral, tan or cocoa are ideal as they're thought to be soothing. Light blues, greens, and lavenders are also thought to be conducive to sleep. But if you do go with a cooler palette try to avoid too many cool colours such as, greys and stark whites as these can interfere with relaxation.
Double up where you can and try to have two of everything. Two bedside tables, two lamps, and an equal space either side of the bed. And where possible, opt for oval and circular shaped furniture rather than pieces with sharp edges.


Bluewater Resort in Panglao, Bohol awaits you this summer!
Hello beautiful people of Davao City!
Have you made plans already where to spend your summer rest and relaxation this year? Well, don't push it yet until you read this blogpost.
Just recently, the sales executives of Bluewater Resorts were here in Davao to bring us awesome news. Bluewater Resorts is a chain of luxury getaway haven operating solely in Cebu and Bohol. It's wholly owned by Filipino, therefore, we can be sure it showcased the best of Filipino, particularly Cebuano hospitality and culture.
Bluewater Resorts operates in Sumilon and Maribago in Cebu and the recent addition to the group, the Bluewater Resort in Panglao, Bohol.
Bohol is one of the culturally-rich and geographically-endowed provinces of the country. When coming from Davao, tourists need to pass by Cebu as a jump-off point to Tagbilaran, the major city of the province. Exactly what we did when we went to Tagbilaran in 2013.
More often than not, the reason why we restrain from travelling is because of poor connectivity. But with the recent development with two of the big airline companies of the country - Cebu Pacific and Philippine Airlines, this inconvenience will already be a thing of the past.
Come October and November 2017, Cebu Pacific and Philippine Airlines will launch a direct flight from Davao to Tagbilaran City and vice versa. Isn't this an awesome news for all of us Davaoenos?
"With this domestic flight connectivity we can now promote Tagbilaran not just an offshoot of Cebu tourists having day and night tour, but as an exquisite destination just like Davao, Boracay or Palawan. Bohol has so much to offer – culture, pristine beaches, history, nature and so many other sights to see, it's all there." Said Mr. Manuel Sandagon, Bluewater Resorts Asst. Director of Sales.
"We are targeting the domestic market with this Davao-Tagbilaran flights. If you want a less expensive destination, we encourage you to come and visit Bohol." Sandagon further added.
Bluewater Resort in Panglao Island is one of the beach havens you need to consider staying in your next trip to Bohol. I can't wait to see them in summer ... I'll have tons of travelogue to share to you by then. With this Davao-Tagbilaran direct flights, seeing the best of Bohol is just within reach. Can't wait for summer.
Until then, see this video and know more what awaits you in this lovely getaway haven in Panglao!
Ms. Louee R. Garcia Sales Manager and Mr. Manuel G. Sandagon Asst. Director of Sales, Bluewater Resorts during the media briefing at Marco Polo Davao here in Davao.
Photo opportunity Davao Digital Influencers and Media Friends during the media brief at Marco Polo Davao on Oct. 11, 2017.
For now, watch out for the launching of Cebu Pacific and Philippine Airlines Davao-Tagbilaran flights. Just wishing they'll offer seat sale for the opening.


View, Switch, and Record up to 4 SDI Channels of HD footage simultaneously.
Apollo is a portable multichannel monitor/recorder. Apollo can simultaneously record up to four HD video signals, along with a fifth channel of either a live-switch between the four or a quad-split reference view. Apollo can also function as a four-channel live switcher while simultaneously recording the four isolated HD video signals. The size of a small tablet and able to run for hours on a camcorder battery, Apollo is truly portable and the only device of its kind that can both record multiple HD camera feeds as well as live-switch between them. It's a production studio in the palm of your hand.
Dual-4K (Apollo & Odyssey7Q/7Q+ with Apollo Option) allows recording of two DCI 4K (4096x2160) or UHD (3840x2160) signals simultaneously. Frame rates of 23.98p, 24p, 25p, 29.97p, and 30p are supported. Multi-camera shoots can be monitored and recorded in a single 1" thick device with many hours of recording in Apple ProRes (HQ/422/LT). Dual-4K recording can be useful in interviews, virtual reality and other productions. No other portable device can record Dual-4K.
Quad-HD 1080p60 (Apollo & Odyssey7Q/7Q+ with Apollo Option) allows the simultaneous monitoring and recording of four 1080p video inputs at frame rates of 50p, 59.94p and 60p. Higher frame rate recording is often a requirement of virtual reality production. Many small cameras only output 1080 progressive signals at higher frame rates. Only a few portable recorders capture 1080p up to 60fps, and no other device can record Quad-HD 1080p60.
4K60p (Apollo, Odyssey7Q+, Odyssey7Q) allows monitoring and recording of DCI 4K and UHD video signals at up to 60fps in Apple ProRes (HQ/422/LT). High frame rate 4K video signals are available from cameras such as the Sony F55, Panasonic VariCam35, and the IO Industries 4KSDI. 4K60p is a requirement of certain major distribution networks as well as valued in virtual reality and other production formats. No other portable device can record 4K60p video.
6G-SDI Support (Apollo & Odyssey7Q+) allows monitoring and recording of 6G-SDI video signals from Blackmagic Design cameras. 6G-SDI connectivity means that a single SDI cable can carry up to 4K30p video from cameras such as the Blackmagic Design URSA, URSA Mini and Micro Studio Camera 4K. The Blackmagic Design 4K HDMI to SDI converter is also supported, so in conjunction with Apollo's Dual-4K, two 4K HDMI cameras such as the Sony A7S can be recorded in Apple ProRes (HQ/422/LT) on a single device. There are two 6G-SDI inputs so two Blackmagic Design devices can be supported simultaneously. No other portable recorder has dual support for 6G-SDI.
A/V Align allows the synchronization between multiple cameras to be shifted. Each input can be adjusted for delay individually, and then video and audio delay separately adjusted. This allows for the mixing of brands and models of cameras that can introduce varying amounts of delay to the video and audio outputs. A simple touchscreen interface allows the inputs to be quickly and easily adjusted, and the system will remember the settings for future use. A/V Align can save hours of tedious work in post, manually syncing the audio and video tracks for each clip.
In Live-Switch mode, Apollo adds Dissolves to what was previously a cuts-only switcher. Three dissolve speeds are available and the operator can switch between cuts and dissolves during recording via a touchscreen button.
Two SSD slots provide not only for spanning for extended record times. With the firmware update there is also the option for recording identical files simultaneously to both SSDs. Double Master Recording provides an immediate safety copy of the files. A client can leave with an SSD as soon as the shoot wraps, while the DP retains a copy.
Eight-Channel Audio is now enabled for Apple ProRes recording. The 8-channel audio is for embedded audio tracks via SDI or HDMI. It is available in all resolutions, including Dual-4K and Quad-HD. Apple ProRes HQ/422/LT are supported. There are numerous additional new features and improvements in the upcoming firmware update, and a new edition of the CD Apple ProRes Transfer Tool with its own new functions. Visit Convergent Design at NAB booth (C9918) for a sneak preview before the release in a few weeks.
Live-Switch as well as record ISOs.
Recording Media (Dual SSD Slots): Qualified Samsung 2.5" SSDs in 128GB, 256GB, 512GB and 1TB sizes, 420Mb/sec write, 500Mb/sec read speed, compatible with USB 3.0 and Thunderbolt Adapters. SSDs and adapters sold separately.
Battery: The Apollo is supplied with a Convergent Design AC power supply (replacement part CD-OD-AC-PS). This is a universal switching power supply that can be used throughout the world, and comes complete with several interchangeable plug connectors. Only use a Convergent Design AC power supply on the Odyssey7Q+. The Odyssey7Q+ can accept DC power ranging from 6.5-34v. Depending on monitor and record modes, the power draw from the Odyssey7Q+ can range from 8-15w.


Image Title: Good Lumens By Madison Avenue 3 Light Brushed Nickel LED Bath Vanity In Bathroom Lights Designs. Post Title: Bathroom Vanity Lights Brushed Nickel. Filename: good-lumens-by-madison-avenue-3-light-brushed-nickel-led-bath-vanity-in-bathroom-lights-designs.jpg. Image Dimension: 1000 x 1000 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Edward Tremblay. Uploaded Date: Sunday - February 03rd. 2019 23:24:06 PM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: homestyler.com. Portfolio 2 Light Brushed Nickel Bathroom Vanity Lowe S Canada Inside Lights Plans 8. Hampton Bay 3 Light Brushed Nickel Vanity With Clear And Sand Within Bathroom Lights Ideas 1. Hampton Bay 4 Light Brushed Nickel Bath Vanity Lighting Within Bathroom Lights Prepare 18. Portfolio 4 Light Brushed Nickel Bathroom Vanity Lowe S Canada For Lights Inspirations 16. Progress Lighting Kensington Collection 24 13 In 3 Light Brushed Bathroom Vanity Lights Nickel Prepare 17. Home Decorators Collection Glenhurst 2 Light Brushed Nickel Retro Intended For Bathroom Vanity Lights Plan 19. Moen YB2263BN Brantford 3 Globe Bath Light 9 60 X 10 00 20 Regarding Bathroom Vanity Lights Brushed Nickel Inspirations. Minka Lavery Downtown Edison 3 Light Brushed Nickel Bath 5133 Throughout Bathroom Vanity Lights Prepare 11. Kichler 6162NI Structures Bath 2 Light Halogen Brushed Nickel With Bathroom Vanity Lights Ideas 4. Good Lumens By Madison Avenue 3 Light Brushed Nickel LED Bath Vanity In Bathroom Lights Designs.


text:
2 Towne Square
Detroit office page
Matthew I. Kurzmann
Senior Vice President Investments
Direct: (248) 415-3036 Email Matthew
Matthew I. (Matt) Kurzmann is a Senior National Director at Affordable Housing Advisors (AHA) and a First Vice President Investments at Marcus & Millichap. Matt oversees transactions in New England, the Mid-Atlantic, and South-Atlantic regions, while representing clients throughout the United States.
Matt began his career with AHA in 2011 and was instrumental in the creation of AHA's platform for nonprofit clients. He has represented and advised a wide range of owners, including both nonprofit and profit motivated clients. Since joining AHA, Matt has been an integral part of the firm's success, which includes a track record of over 200,000 units of government-subsidized multi-family properties with an aggregate value of over $10 billion.
Matt is a member of the National Multi-Housing Council (NMHC), a supporter of the Institute for Responsible Housing Preservation (IRHP), the National Leased Housing Association (NLHA) and the National Housing and Rehabilitation Association (NH&RA).
License: MI: 6501369303
Chairman's Circle of Excellence (CCOE): 2020
Chairman's Club (CC): 2020, 2019


Even though the smell and smog spewing out of Northern Pulp has faded this summer, a Pictou activist group remains skeptical the pulp mill's emissions will stay out of their lungs for long.
"It's not a big issue in the town of Pictou any more, except for the people who comment, 'Oh isn't this nice we can breathe today and the sun is shining with blue sky and blue water,'" said Anne Emmett of Clean the Mill.
"So the issue has sort of died, but we certainly know underneath this is nowhere near the end of it."
Emmett's group aggressively lobbied the provincial government last summer, prompting a series of promises from Premier Stephen McNeil and Environment Minister Randy Delorey.
In May, Northern Pulp installed a precipitator — the big piece of equipment designed to reduce emissions at the mill. The equipment is currently being fine-tuned, a process that is expected to be finished by Oct. 16.
Until that deadline is reached and test results show improvements, local activists continue to voice concerns.
"For decades Pictou County has watched stall plan after stall plan in effect," said Matt Gunning of Clean the Mill.
"This government promised they'd be different than that, and what we're seeing is apparently more stall plans,"
Earlier this month, the province proved it is in fact waffling when officials agreed to scale back restrictions as part of the industrial approval.
"They are making promises and they sound fantastic, but then when the due date comes, those promises aren't worth the paper they're written on because they just you know, 'Oh scrap that ministerial order and we'll just write a new one,' or, 'Oh you failed to meet that deadline? We'll just give you new one," Gunning said.
"Pictou County is starting to get tired of seeing that and what we want to see is some accountability within the government."
As residents of Pictou wait to see whether the pulp mill reaches compliance levels, tourists don't seem bothered.
Emmett admits she thought visitors would be turned away from Pictou after months of negativity toward Northern Pulp and its impact on the small town.
"We were really shooting ourselves in the foot by going public," she said.
"It went right across the country and CBC obviously ran with it for several months. And yeah, we were very concerned that we would be hurting ourselves but that hasn't happened, which we're very fortunate and very thankful for. So far, so good."
Emmett says summer bookings at The Braeside Inn, which she runs with her husband, are better than last year.


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Carotid Endarterectomy: Raymond's Story
By UPMC, January 10, 2019
Raymond Ladner has endured occasional migraines and neck pain most of his life. A 50-foot fall from a ladder during a stint in the Navy left him hospitalized with a badly injured neck and painful bone spurs that developed decades later. But last summer, things got worrisome.
His headaches returned and wouldn't go away. Then, he got off the elevator in his West View apartment building and walked straight into a wall. A short while later, he sat down to watch TV and realized his vision was blurred; he reached for the remote and fell to the floor.
"I didn't know what was going on, but I knew something wasn't right," says Raymond, 70.
An initial emergency department visit didn't detect anything, so he returned home. But symptoms persisted, convincing him to call off a cross-country road trip to visit an ailing brother in Colorado. His wife, Janet, called for an ambulance after he walked into the wall again, but he refused transport when paramedics said his vitals were normal.
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A week later, he finally agreed to go to the hospital. "I've lived with the man for 30 years. I knew something was wrong," says Janet. "That headache just wasn't going away, and he just wasn't himself."
At UPMC Passavant, an ultrasound revealed Raymond had a complete blockage of the carotid artery on one side of his neck and a partial blockage on the other. Often difficult to diagnose, it's a condition that occurs when plaque buildup causes a narrowing in the carotid arteries — the main blood vessels in the neck supplying needed blood to the brain, neck, and face. In Raymond's case, the blockages likely caused mini-strokes responsible for many of his symptoms, including numbness in his right arm.
"The doctors couldn't believe I was alive," Raymond says. "If I'd gone on that trip, I probably wouldn't have made it half way to Colorado before that artery blew."
On Sept. 12, Raymond underwent a carotid endarterectomy performed by Georges E. Al-Khoury, MD, chief of vascular surgery at UPMC Passavant. During the procedure, the surgeon removed the plaque blocking the arteries to restore blood flow.
When he saw Dr. Al-Khoury again, Raymond shook his hand and thanked him.
"It blows my mind," he says. "He didn't know me from Adam, but he saved my life. And then, he goes on to the next patient like it's no big deal. Dr. Al-Khoury is amazing."
Raymond, who returned home the day after surgery, is slowly regaining strength. His symptoms are expected to improve steadily over the next few months. He is now taking medication to reduce his cholesterol and lower his blood pressure.
"I have a wonderful wife, two daughters, and four beautiful grandchildren. I'm taking things day by day," says Raymond. "I feel it's a miracle. I'm happy to be alive and I owe it all to Dr. Al-Khoury. He's my hero."
UPMC Passavant
'Am I Having a Heart Attack?' The Steps You Can Take to Save Your Life
'You View Life Differently:' Gary and Robert's Living Donation Story
"Brilliant Surgical Skill:" One Woman's Recovery from Nerve Pain
Signs of Stroke in Women
UPMC Doctor Leads Endobronchial Valve Research
First Aid Kit Items: What to Pack in Your Kit
UPMC AnywhereCare Comes to Your Local Grocery Store
When to Get a Bruise Checked Out
Can a Child Outgrow Food Allergies?


text:
The United States Capitol: Its Architecture and Decoration
This wonderfully illustrated volume traces the architectural antecedents and building history of the magnificent U.S. Capitol.
The U.S. Capitol, the building that houses the legislative branch of our government and a landmark that attracts 3-5 million visitors each year, has its origins in an architectural competition devised by George Washington. The winning design, submitted by William Thornton, combined "grandeur, simplicity, and convenience." Construction began in August 1793, but progress made during the following decade was less than satisfactory. English architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe was brought in by Thomas Jefferson in 1803 to oversee the work, which was finally completed under Charles Bulfinch in 1829. The U.S. Capitol is regarded by many as the finest example of classical architecture in America. This profusely illustrated book offers a detailed description of the building's exterior, its unsurpassed ornamentation, and the richness of its rooms. An illustrated glossary of architectural terms used and a section of brief biographies of persons associated with the Capitol are also provided as tools for the reader. 150 color plates.


THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: Kerala State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission has ordered a leading private hospital in Ernakulam to pay Rs 25 lakh as compensation to the family of a man, whose body was mistakenly handed over to another family for cremation.
According to the petitioners, Purushothaman, a retired district registrar in the state registration department was undergoing treatment at Ernakulam Medical Centre. He died of a cardiac arrest on December 30, 2009. As his three daughters were out of town, Purushotaman's body was kept in the hospital's mortuary. When his relatives approached the hospital on January 1, 2010, for release of the body, they were given another one.
Following police intervention, it was revealed that Purushothaman's body had been released to the family of another man, Lt Col A P Kanthy, who died on the same day as Purushothaman. The hospital claimed it was a mistake of the Kanthy family, who had wrongly identified the body, and also claimed the complaint had been settled between both families.
But evidence showed hospital staff had carelessly released Purushothaman's body to Kanthy's family.
The consumer forum dismissed the hospital's claims and ordered Rs 25 lakh as compensation to Purushothaman's family.


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Here the phase voltage has some commutation spikes in the beginning because the current is quite high during acceleration, but even so the commutations are even and clean.
Again, because of the current, there are commutation spikes on the voltage. The voltage from my lab power supply is also dropping because of the load. Even so, the commutations are even and clean.
The first commutation happens to be exactly at a position where no torque is produced, which is as sub-optimal as it can get. On the current waveform, it can be seen that the current limit of 60A is applied. After 40 millisecond, the algorithm decides that nothing has happened for a too long time and adds an auto-commutation. After this, the motor is tracked right away and the commutations are nice and even. This works even though the motor was stalled with 60A for a while.
It can be seen that the un-driven back-emf is tracked perfectly while the power is gone and no commutation is missed or distorted during the transitions.
The electric longboard I have been working on starts perfectly smooth without sensors (see the video above).
I have also tested this on a 700w hub motor on an electric bicycle with extremely good results. Full throttle from a complete stop is smooth and no problem at all. I don't miss hall sensors here one bit.
This entry was posted in Electronics/Hardware, Embedded Software, News/Announcements and tagged ARM, BLDC, ChibiOS, custom ESC, DRV8301, DRV8302, ESC, linux, PCB, STM32F4, USB-CDC by Benjamin. Bookmark the permalink.
Does the non FOC implementation require two shunts? The reason I ask is that I am working with my custom designed ESC using a Freescale MCU but I have a single shunt implementation. I would like to have a high torque smooth start which is proving to be very difficult to achieve. I am obviously using a a BLDC brushless, sensorless motor.
No, when not using FOC one shunt on the input is actually better than using two on the phases since the software becomes simpler. Also, with only one shunt you can run at 100% duty cycle.
I have to go through your code yet so pardon me if you have addressed this.
how was this parameter calculated?
1. Usually it is expected that Bemf is usable after the motor reaches 5% of its nominal RPM. You state that you are using closed loop from the first commutation. How is this possible even if the signal is clean the Bemf would be almost non existent right ?
2. What do you think is the optimal switching frequency per pole pair & RPM. Is there any rule of thumb? The real question is how many measurements are needed to calculate the area after zero crossing?
1. It depends on the type of motor. For most motors, a position-dependent part of the input voltage can be seen on the phase where I'm measuring the back-emf when the measurement is done during the on-time. These motors run fine even on 1% duty cycle or less. Other motors do need some speed before they have useful back-emf, but it usually works for less than 5%. Closed loop operation actually has some other conditions for commutation, so when there is not enough back-emf of the motor is not where it is expected, auto-commutation will be performed and it works out.
2. It depends. 10 samples or more are good, but is also works with two or three samples. There are always tradeoffs.
Hello, Vedder, thank you so much for sharing this wonderful design. I am particularly interested in the BLDC sensorless control part. However, when I read your code, I found it rather difficult to follow since there aren't many comments. Is there any document I could refer to regarding the motor control part you implemented? Would you please elaborate more on the tricks you did to improve its starting performance? Thanks a lot!
I noticed you used FIR filter, which also introduce phase delay as hardware filter, right?
The fir filters are not used for the phase voltages, but for other things. The current for example has one filtered version and one unfiltered version for different uses.
For now, this post and the code is the best I can provide. Writing documentation for how to make a new implementation takes a lot of time, and I have so many other things with higher priority now. If you are used to coding and know how to control BLDC motors in general, I think you can follow the code. If there is something specific in the code you don't understand, you can ask me.
You cannot integrate in the off time since the negative commutations will be truncated because the body diodes in the FETs will conduct for 3 of 6 steps.
Then you can measure in the off period as well. You will get different voltages. If you vary the supply voltage it will also change the voltage that you see, even if you adjust the duty cycle to get the same motor speed. I noticed that this is a problem when running on low duty cycle, so I added a compensation factor than I called BEMF coupling. It makes a lot of difference on low speed. As far as I can tell the voltage difference you see between the on and off time is related to the dc bus voltage with a factor, and it is different for different motors.
I actually measured the integration during no PWM and added compensation when PWM is on. The compensation is has the bus voltage as one parameter. I can only measure on the ON time since I don't use bipolar PWM (although I have an option to do that) in order to get less switching losses and less ripple.
alternating the switch that is constantly on sounds like a good idea, I didn't think about that at all. The only disadvantage I see is when you have low side shunts like I have you won't get as much time for the current to settle before sampling when the high side switch is on. I only have two shunts and take advantage of this for 4 out of 6 current samples, and at high duty cycle it makes a significant difference.
Yes, that's why I have single low side shunt, with op amp installed, and frequency variation for low duty %. Also there is cons about discharging bootstrap capacitor on a top fet driver, you can't hold some phase combinations for too long. For very low speed i made a 50% PWM = 0% duty. Both phases are PWMed. This helps to keep bootstrap capacitor charged, in a cost of more active losses (1/3 more). But this is only for veery low speed. Current ripple less than synchronious pwm i told you before, becoz of twice more current conduction times than PWM frequency.
By the way i've used your code as start-up a long time ago, so thanks here for sharing your work!
VESC 4.10 is on the way, I can't wait to try out FOC on both SK3 motor and 6″ hub!
I have a question : when the battery is fully charged and I want to be able to brake, does VESC support dynamic braking at least for the first hundreds of meters?
If not, do you plan on adding this function or are there technical problems for the implementation?
The VESC does not know anything about "max voltage on your battery". So if you live on top of a mountain and start your day riding down that mountain, then it is up to you to charge your battery to a level that remains below the max-charge-voltage of your battery.
Also, suppose you are riding down a 10% slope at 10m/s, you get a vertical speed of about 1m/s. If you weigh 100kg, that will produce 1kW of energy that needs to go back into the battery. That will surely exceed the charging limit of your battery.
Normally with smaller hills that won't be a problem. But if you live say 600m above the valley floor and start by riding down, I think you need a big high-C pack just to be able to accept the charging currents on the way down…. (A 40C 10Ah battery usually has a 5C or 50A charging allowance. At 20V, that means it can actually accept that 1kW charging power! ).
At 720m above the valley floor, you HAVE to leave home with an empty pack, or otherwise you'd overcharge the battery on the way down. Above 720m above the valley floor you need a bigger pack, just to be able to store the energy that is braked into the battery….
Can I have a question: how to detect BEMF signal at startup stage? From open H/W design, I have not found out the circuits for this. Would you advice how?


Strolling through Havana's Centro neighborhood, one can find three iconic Cuban restaurants tucked among lively fruit stands, tireless mechanics working on antique cars and the occasional beeping taxi. Ancient, weathered doors open to these restaurants embedded in Cuban culture that attract presidents, celebrities, tourists, and business travelers to an otherwise gritty and unassuming neighborhood. Each destination is a paladar, a private restaurant opened in former houses, with a unique history that embodies both the vivaciousness, struggles and triumphs of life in Cuba.
Built in 1913, "La Mansin," as the locals call it, was home to a doctor with an operating room on the first floor. Following the revolution, it was a multi-family home and birthplace of Enrique Nunez. The famous 1994 film Fresa y Chocolate was filmed on the top floor of the building and following its Oscar-winning success, Nunez knew he must cater to the fans visiting the location, turning the top two floors into a gourmet "Cuban fusion" restaurant. When the opportunity arose in 1994 for Cubans to operate restaurants, La Guardia opened its doors and withstood this trial period for the business owners, succeeding where some 400 other restaurants failed.
Visitors should be prepared for a four-floor walk-up which is well worth the view and served as the setting for Rihanna's Vanity Fair photo shoot and Madonna's birthday party two years ago. Other guests have included Natalie Portman, Robert DeNiro, Derek Jeter, Steven Spielberg, and Jada Pinkett Smith… just to name a few.
Local, fresh fish cooked caimanero style and suckling pig are among the menu's stars, ranging in price from 15 to 22 CUC (around $15 to $22). Upon opening, Havana Club bartenders were brought in to design the drink menu, which is sure to impress with signature cocktails such as "La Mansin," inspired by the neighborhood nickname. The original blue fridge from the set of Fresa y Chocolate still stands in a corner of one dining area and romantic tables for two are secluded on the balconies.
Rooftop views of the Mediterranean to the south and the parliament building to the north require that visitors make reservations, sometimes weeks in advance. Private weddings and business events also add to the sought-after wait list so be sure to call ahead.
Down the road, visitors can retrace the footsteps where then-president Barack Obama took his family during his revolutionary trip to Cuba in the spring of 2016, dining at Paladar San Cristobal. Behind white iron gates, sparkling chandeliers accentuate fringed fans, animal skins, and photos of Mick Jagger, Michael Jordon and old Hollywood stars. A framed thank you letter from Michelle Obama where she expresses gratitude to head chef Carlos Cristobal Marquez Valdes for "the opportunity to experience the culture and traditions of the Cuban people first hand" hangs proudly in the room where her family dined on the hog fish special. Obama was the seventh world leader to visit San Cristobal, says restaurant capitan Alejandro. Despite the rich décor, prices are reasonable and dishes range from 15 to 20 CUC. San Cristobal's extensive menu caters to those seeking authentic dishes but also to vegetarians and dessert lovers alike.
"First, we changed the music scene in Sweden and then we changed the music scene here as well," Miglis says, referencing the start of his career. But following the decline of the music industry caused by the Internet, he knew he had to find a way to stay in the country he loved and felt most at home in.
"I thought, 'If I can direct a film, I should be able to direct a restaurant.'" Since 2000, Casa Miglis has provided a rare hybrid dining experience for Central Havana where traditional Swedish and Greek dishes feature Cuban spice and island staples such as pork and plantains. Guests looking for a unique experience in Cuba must try the Swedish meatballs, Miglis says. Menu options also feature unexpected items such as pork kebabs, deviled eggs, Indian lentil curry, and chimichurri.
"Who will visit a Cuban-Swedish restaurant and expect this plate on the menu? A must! And just imagine, lingon berries brought all the way from the deep Swedish forests," says Miglis.
For desert, "banana surprise" and homemade rum and raisin ice cream will be a refreshing reprise from the Havana heat. With a drink at the rustic front bar, guests can expect to pay between 15 and 30 CUC each.
Casa Miglis, La Guarida, and Paladar San Cristobal remain three of the longest-lasting private eateries in Central Habana and on an island where menu options are often unavailable due to difficulties in acquiring ingredients, these paladars insist on a standard of having available every item on their menus. For visitors craving authenticity and the warmth of the locals, homes that have been opened to restaurant goers perfectly embody Cuban hospitality.
Culture and history is swirled into the white marbled steps, the yellowed pictures of visitors over the decades, adjacent to traditional and modern Cuban art pieces. La Guarida's menu opens to a history of the restaurant, quoting the line from Fresa y Chocolate that references the location, and says "In our house, you can discover a city in three periods: historical, current daily living, and hope for the future," a feeling pervasive in these paladars that exceed unique flavors and traditional inspiration but capture the gritty and tough spirit of Cuba.
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It is important to be aware of what is going on both in and around your home. There are many ways to help make yourself and your family feel safer; one option is to use motion detectors. They are designed to detect movement in a particular area and send a signal to the device's control panel, alerting you to a potential problem. Although motion detectors are most commonly used to send a warning when a door or window is opened, closed, or broken or if there is unexpected movement inside the home, they can do more than protect you from a home invasion. Motion detectors can also be used to save energy and provide hands-free lighting; notify you if children enter an area to which you do not want them to have access, such as a medicine cabinet; and alert you if your pet is in a restricted area.
There are two kinds of motion detectors: passive sensors and active sensors.
Passive sensors work by detecting changes in energy in a particular location; they do not emit energy themselves.
Active sensors emit energy in the form of infrared light, sound waves, or microwave radiation that senses motion in an area.
The majority of motion detectors on the market today are wireless and do not require drilling into a wall to install. Instead, they communicate wirelessly with the other components of a security system.
Motion-sensor lights: These motion detectors can be used either indoors or outdoors. When used for outdoor use, motion-sensor lights turn on automatically when someone walks into a designated area outside of your home. Although they could frighten away an intruder, they also come in handy for homeowners who are looking to save money on their electricity bills, as they can provide light to an area only when needed, rather than having to leave the light on all night, for example. Motion-sensor lights are made for indoor use as well, where they can be programmed to make it seem as if the homeowner is present.
Motion-sensor cameras: To avoid having to scroll through hours of uneventful footage, motion-sensor cameras can be programmed to record only when movement is actually detected. In many models, you can have text messages or email alerts automatically sent to you when motion is detected. It may also be possible to see the footage remotely via a smartphone or other device.
Motion-sensor alerts: Catching a thief in the act is only one of the many uses of motion detectors. If text messages or email alerts are programmable in your equipment, you can install motion detectors in areas where you do not want your children to be, for example, liquor cabinets and wine cellars, gun safes, medicine cabinets, or other areas. If someone tries to have access to those areas, an alert is triggered.
Motion-sensor response: Motion detectors can be programmed to have an alarm go off, but there are also other responses to choose from, such as a barking dog. These "fake dog" alarms could be set up near a door or garage to scare off burglars.
Depending on your needs and the kind of equipment you buy, motion detectors can also be set up to be triggered when a door or window is opened. If you have a pet, some motion detectors can ignore animals under a certain weight, so fewer false alarms would occur.
Passive infrared sensors, which detect body heat and are the most common type of motion sensor, should be placed at least 10 to 15 feet away from heat sources, including areas that receive a lot of direct sunlight.
Areas of your home where people must travel through regardless of where they are headed, such as stairwells, are good spots to locate motion detectors. Thieves often head for master bedrooms when they break into a home because valuables are often stored there. If a thief would need to pass through a main hallway to get there, that may be a good spot for the motion detector. Other areas include first floor windows, back doors, garage doors, and entryways off of patios or decks.
For the best results, it is recommended that motion detectors be placed parallel to where an intruder would walk—not head on.
Keep in mind that the higher the motion detector is mounted, the larger the detection area it covers.
Remember that although motion detectors can be important components to your home's security system, they are not foolproof, and there can be false alarms. User error, power outages or surges, as well as tree branches, insects, foliage, and even curtains can all trigger false alarms. Motion detectors have a wide variety of uses, so do your research before deciding which type best suits your needs.