text:
Colmar Pocket 75th Anniversary Commemoration at the WWII Memorial
January 20, 2020 @ 11:30AM — 12:00PM
A brief ceremony to mark the 75th anniversary of a significant strategic moment, securing a defensive line along the Rhine.
Help Us Honor Their Service and Sacrifices!
On Monday, January 20th at 11:30 a.m., the Friends of the National World War II Memorial will hold a brief ceremony and wreath presentation at the National World War II Memorial to mark the 75th anniversary of the Battle of the Colmar Pocket, a significant strategic moment that secured a defensive line along the Rhine.
On January 20, 1945, Allied forces began to reduce the Colmar Pocket, a menacing German stronghold in Alsace that threatened Allied gains in the region. After over two weeks of combat under severe winter weather, American and French troops reduced the pocket, finally ejecting the last German forces from Alsace and allowing the Allies to push into Germany at last.
In November 1944, the American 6th Army Group broke through German defenses in the Vosges Mountains of Alsace, the region in France most fiercely defended by German forces. Across the region, German troops were driven back by the Allied advance to the Rhine. However, in the center of the region, German forces held onto a bridgehead to the west of the Rhine roughly 45 miles wide and 25 miles deep, which was centered around the wine-rich city of Colmar. After six months of hard fighting, and as their advances stretched logistical lines thin, the battered and weary Allied forces lacked the fresh troops and adequate supplies needed to reduce the protrusion in their lines. The onset of a harsh winter complete with feet of snow and frigid temperatures, paired with German defensive positions in the area's villages of sturdy stone structures, complicated the Allies' ability to reduce this stronghold. Before long, this worrisome bulge became known as the Colmar Pocket. Through December and January, the Colmar Pocket threatened the integrity of Allied progress in Alsace, and an advance originating from this pocket during Operation Nordwind demonstrated this liability. On January 20, 1945, as German resistance elsewhere in the Ardennes and Alsace was dying down, the Allies began their focused efforts to reduce the Colmar Pocket. In the midst of a harsh snowstorm, the French I Corps, consisting largely of colonial troops from Morocco, attacked the Pocket to its south. While German counterattacks limited their advance, the Allied action drew the defending German forces to the south. Two days later, the French II Corps, led by the US 3rdInfantry Division that was reinforced by a regiment from the US 63rd Infantry Division, began the main attack on the pocket's north. Before long, this northern force cleared the first of several waterways, captured the Colmar Forest, and finally crossed the Colmar Canal. Despite mounting resistance, deepening snow, and worsening weather, the Allies continued to push eastward through the pocket, spearheaded by the French 5th Armored Division. As the French armor advanced, American infantry reinforced the charge, with the US 28th and 75th Infantry Divisions following closely behind. On January 25, the American XXI Corps entered the fray with the 12th Armored Division, and the American and French forces worked together to clear the remainder of the German defenders in the Colmar Pocket. By February 3, the town of Colmar was liberated, and by the 5th, the northern and southern attacking forces linked up near the town of Rouffach, splitting the pocket in half. For the next several days, Allied forces fought to cover German routes of retreat and hammer out the remaining strongholds of resistance. On February 9, when Allied forces defeated the German rear positions in Chalampé and the remaining German troops retreated back across the Rhine, the Colmar Pocket was finally cleared, effectively eliminating German military presence in Alsace.
For weeks, the Colmar Pocket endured as an ugly "sore" in Allied lines that had to somehow be reduced, but doing so surely did not prove an easy task. Only after weeks of rough fighting was this aggravating pocket erased, at the cost of roughly 20,000 Allied casualties. Harsh weather paired with numerous water crossings also caused huge numbers of cases of trench foot and frostbite along Allied lines. Yet the Allied victory was more costly for German forces, of whom over 16,000 troops were taken prisoner, and many thousands more became casualties. With the Colmar Pocket finally reduced, the Allies reinforced their defensive lines along the Rhine River, solidifying Allied gains in Alsace. With this objective completed at long last, the Allies could launch towards their final objective: Germany itself.
During the January 20th ceremony at the World War II Memorial, WWII veterans and Allied representatives will present wreaths at the Atlantic Arch of the Memorial in remembrance of the more than 21,000 killed or wounded during the Battle of the Colmar Pocket.
If you are a World War II veteran, or know of one, who would like to participate in the Colmar Pocket 75th Anniversary Commemoration at the Memorial, please email hrotondi@wwiimemorialfriends.org!
We hope you'll join us on January 20th at the WWII Memorial!
Cédric CHETAILLE
Michelle Misook Won


text:
Qigong focuses energy in gentle, but intense workout
The lights are dim, the music low and tranquil with a meditative, Eastern flavor, and the instructor – yoga teacher and local potter Donna Ellis – is thoughtfully presenting lessons with her back turned to the qigong class, making it easier to mimic her motions as she slowly moves through a series of poses.
"Now, this time," says Ellis, addressing the class, "we want to position our arms like we're holding a big, invisible ball of energy, and move it around in a circle."
He's five
Jaxson Preston Stockner turned five on Nov. 16. He celebrated with a Secret Life of Pets party at the Winston Salem Children's Museum with family and friends.
He is the son of Zeth and Ashley Stockner. His grandparents are Tommy and Cherie Stockner and Junior and Tammey Osborne. His little brother is Jonas Stockner.
Christmas fund delivers blessing boxes
The Galax Volunteer Fire Department's HQ was host to the Community Food Fund box packing on Dec. 15, as community members volunteered to load up boxes with donated goods and groceries for 550 families in need in the area.
Capt. Mike Ayers, who kept track, said that the packing occurred in record time this year: 1,100 boxes in one hour and two minutes, down from last year's one hour and 13 minutes.
She's 89
Artie Belle Primm recently celebrated her 89th birthday with her family and friends at Waddell Nursing and Rehabilitation Center in Galax.
She and visitors enjoyed cake and special desserts and snacks. She enjoyed spending quality time with her great-grandchildren and family members.
She's two
Kenzi Juliann Hennis celebrated her second birthday on Sept. 5 with a "Jesus Loves the Little Children" party at her home with family and friends. Her parents are Chris and Lorie Hennis of Galax.
Her older siblings are Andrew and Faith. Her grandparents are Harvey Hennis, Judy Hennis and Gary and Jan Guynn, all of Galax and Julian and Patti Price of Luray. Elizabeth Johnson of Galax is her great-grandmother from Galax.
Stuarts to celebrate 60th anniversary
Gary Lee and Shirley Walker Stuart of the Longview community in Baywood will celebrate their 60th wedding anniversary on Dec. 15.
They were married by G. Glen Nichols in Sparta, N.C., on Dec. 15, 1956.
Their secret to a long and happy marriage is loving and trusting God and each other and always being thankful for blessings, family and friends.
Volunteers pack, deliver 598 boxes of Christmas cheer
By LARRY CHAMBERS, Staff
HILLSVILLE – More than 200 volunteers showed up last Thursday night to pack boxes of food to be distributed to less fortunate families in Carroll County.
The group first had to sort the hundreds of cans of food and other items, placing them in different bins to be placed in the boxes that came down a conveyor belt.
The Carroll Christmas Fund is held each year to solicit funds to pay for the food boxes.
Donated toys bring Carroll kids joy
By SARA BLANKENSHIP & LARRY CHAMBERS, Staff
HILLSVILLE – Students at Carroll County High School helped to make Christmas a little brighter for children in need.
Through a collaboration with the Carroll Christmas Fund, students set up donation boxes throughout the county's schools to collect donated toys.
She's one
Kenzi Juliann Hennis celebrated her first birthday on Sept. 5 with a "Jesus Loves the Little Children" party at her home with family and friends. Her parents are Chris and Lorie Hennis of Galax.
Nelson retiring as Galax rec director
Galax Parks & Recreation Director Dave Nelson, who will retire on Dec. 31, recently took a few minutes to discuss his career and what he's loved about the job.
"Thirty-seven years and one month is what'll it'll be," said Nelson. "I came here as the sports and athletic coordinator in 1979. The director at that time was Richard Black."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
using namespace std;
using namespace San::Mathematics;
namespace San
{
	namespace Graphics
	{
#ifndef __CSANSHADERMANAGERDEF_H__
#define __CSANSHADERMANAGERDEF_H__

		enum eSANSHADERTYPE
		{
			SST_VERTEXSHADER = 0,
			SST_PIXELSHADER,
#ifdef _OPENGL
			//SST_GL_TESSELLATIONSHADER,
			SST_GL_TESSCONTROLSHADER,
			SST_GL_TESSEVALUATIONSHADER,
			SST_GL_GEOMETRYSHADER,
			SST_GL_COMPUTESHADER,
#endif
			SST_SHADER_COUNT,
		};

		enum eSANSHADERDATATYPE
		{
			SSDT_NULL			= 0x00000000,
			SSDT_INT			= 0x00000001,
			SSDT_INT2			= 0x00000002,
			SSDT_INT3			= 0x00000003,
			SSDT_INT4			= 0x00000004,
			SSDT_FLOAT			= 0x00000005,
			SSDT_FLOAT2			= 0x00000006,
			SSDT_FLOAT3			= 0x00000007,
			SSDT_FLOAT4			= 0x00000008,
			SSDT_BOOL			= 0x00000009,
			SSDT_BOOL2			= 0x0000000A,
			SSDT_BOOL3			= 0x0000000B,
			SSDT_BOOL4			= 0x0000000C,
			SSDT_VECTOR3		= 0x0000000D,
			SSDT_VECTOR4		= 0x0000000E,
			SSDT_MAT3X3			= 0x0000000F,
			SSDT_MAT4X4			= 0x00000010,
			SSDT_SAMPLER2D		= 0x00000020,
			//SSDT_COUNT,
			//SSDT_MASK		= 0x00ffffff,
#ifdef _OPENGL
			SSDT_UNIFORM		= 0x01000000,
			SSDT_UNIFORM_BLOCK	= 0x02000000,
			SSDT_ATTRIBUTE		= 0x03000000,
#endif
			SSDT_TYPE_MASK		= 0xff000000,
		};

		struct stSANSSUBVAR
		{
			SStringA				strName;
			eSANSHADERDATATYPE		Type;
			stSANSTREAMEX<sfloat>	Data;
			uint32					Size;
		};
		typedef stSANSSUBVAR	SANSHADERSUBVAR;
		typedef stSANSSUBVAR*	lpSANSHADERSUBVAR;

		struct stSANSVARIABLE
		{
		protected:
			SStringA					strName;
			eSANSHADERDATATYPE			Type;
			uint32						Instance;
			vector<SANSHADERSUBVAR>		SubVarList;
			bool						bChanged;
		private:
			void _Release();
		public:
			stSANSVARIABLE(const SStringA &strVarName, const uint32 Type);
			stSANSVARIABLE(const stSANSVARIABLE &Var);
			~stSANSVARIABLE();
			stSANSVARIABLE& operator=(const stSANSVARIABLE&);
			const SANSHADERSUBVAR& operator[](const size_t Position) const;
			SANSHADERSUBVAR & operator[](const size_t Position);
			bool iAddSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const eSANSHADERDATATYPE Type, const uint32 Size = 1);
			bool iDeleteSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName);
			void iSetVariableInstance(const uint32 Instance);
			void iSetVariableState(const bool bState = false);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const int32 Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const int32 Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const int32 Data1, const int32 Data2);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const int32 Data1, const int32 Data2);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const int32 Data1, const int32 Data2, const int32 Data3);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const int32 Data1, const int32 Data2, const int32 Data3);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const int32 Data1, const int32 Data2, const int32 Data3, const int32 Data4);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const int32 Data1, const int32 Data2, const int32 Data3, const int32 Data4);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const int32* pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const int32* pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const sfloat Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const sfloat Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const sfloat Data1, const sfloat Data2);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const sfloat Data1, const sfloat Data2);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const sfloat Data1, const sfloat Data2, const sfloat Data3);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const sfloat Data1, const sfloat Data2, const sfloat Data3);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const sfloat Data1, const sfloat Data2, const sfloat Data3, const sfloat Data4);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const sfloat Data1, const sfloat Data2, const sfloat Data3, const sfloat Data4);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const sfloat* pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const sfloat* pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const bool Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const bool Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const bool Data1, const bool Data2);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const bool Data1, const bool Data2);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const bool Data1, const bool Data2, const bool Data3);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const bool Data1, const bool Data2, const bool Data3);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const bool Data1, const bool Data2, const bool Data3, const bool Data4);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const bool Data1, const bool Data2, const bool Data3, const bool Data4);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const bool* pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const bool* pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const SVECTOR3 &Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const SVECTOR3 &Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const lpSVECTOR3 pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const lpSVECTOR3 pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const SVECTOR4 &Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const SVECTOR4 &Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const lpSVECTOR4 pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const lpSVECTOR4 pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const SANMATRIX3X3 &Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const SANMATRIX3X3 &Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const lpSANMATRIX3X3 pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const lpSANMATRIX3X3 pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const SANMATRIX4X4 &Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const SANMATRIX4X4 &Data);
			void iSetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, const lpSANMATRIX4X4 pData, uint32 Size);
			void iSetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, const lpSANMATRIX4X4 pData, uint32 Size);
			SStringA iGetVariableName() const;
			SStringA iGetSubVariableName(const uint32 Index) const;
			int32 iGetVariableInstance() const;
			bool iGetVariableState() const;
			eSANSHADERDATATYPE iGetVariableType() const;
			eSANSHADERDATATYPE iGetSubVariableType(const SStringA &strSubVarName) const;
			eSANSHADERDATATYPE iGetSubVariableType(const uint32 Index) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariableSize(const SStringA &strSubVarName) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariableSize(const uint32 Index) const;
			int32 iGetSubVariableIndex(const SStringA &strSubVarName) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariableListSize() const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, int32 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, int32 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, int32 &Data1, int32 &Data2) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, int32 &Data1, int32 &Data2) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, int32 &Data1, int32 &Data2, int32 &Data3) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, int32 &Data1, int32 &Data2, int32 &Data3) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, int32 &Data1, int32 &Data2, int32 &Data3, int32 &Data4) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, int32 &Data1, int32 &Data2, int32 &Data3, int32 &Data4) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, int32* pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, int32* pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, sfloat &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, sfloat &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, sfloat &Data1, sfloat &Data2) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, sfloat &Data1, sfloat &Data2) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, sfloat &Data1, sfloat &Data2, sfloat &Data3) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, sfloat &Data1, sfloat &Data2, sfloat &Data3) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, sfloat &Data1, sfloat &Data2, sfloat &Data3, sfloat &Data4) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, sfloat &Data1, sfloat &Data2, sfloat &Data3, sfloat &Data4) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, sfloat* pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, sfloat* pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, bool &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, bool &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, bool &Data1, bool &Data2) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, bool &Data1, bool &Data2) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, bool &Data1, bool &Data2, bool &Data3) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, bool &Data1, bool &Data2, bool &Data3) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, bool &Data1, bool &Data2, bool &Data3, bool &Data4) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, bool &Data1, bool &Data2, bool &Data3, bool &Data4) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, bool* pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, bool* pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, SVECTOR3 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, SVECTOR3 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, lpSVECTOR3 pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, lpSVECTOR3 pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, SVECTOR4 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, SVECTOR4 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, lpSVECTOR4 pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, lpSVECTOR4 pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, SANMATRIX3X3 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, SANMATRIX3X3 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, lpSANMATRIX3X3 pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, lpSANMATRIX3X3 pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, SANMATRIX4X4 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, SANMATRIX4X4 &Data) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const SStringA &strSubVarName, lpSANMATRIX4X4 pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
			uint32 iGetSubVariable(const uint32 Index, lpSANMATRIX4X4 pBuffer, uint32 Size) const;
		};
		typedef stSANSVARIABLE	SANSHADERVAR;
		typedef stSANSVARIABLE*	lpSANSHADERVAR;

		struct stSANSHADERPROGRAM;

		struct stSANSHADERDESC
		{
			eSANSHADERTYPE			Type;
			SStringA				strSrcCode;
			SString					strCodePath;
			vector<stSANUNKNOWNEX<SANSHADERVAR,uint32>>	VariableList;
		};
		typedef stSANSHADERDESC		SANSHADERDESC;
		typedef stSANSHADERDESC*	lpSANSHADERDESC;

		struct stSANSHADEROBJ
		{
			uint32			ObjID;
			SANSHADERDESC	Desc;
			SHANDLE			ShaderHandle;
			list<SString>	CompileLogList;
			bool			bCompiled;
			list<stSANSHADERPROGRAM*> RefList;
		};
		typedef stSANSHADEROBJ	SANSHADEROBJ;
		typedef stSANSHADEROBJ*	lpSANSHADEROBJ;

		typedef list<lpSANSHADEROBJ> SANSHADERLIST;

		struct stSANSHADERPROGRAMDESC
		{
			SString		strProgramName;
			uint32		ShaderIDList[SST_SHADER_COUNT];
			SStringA	ShaderStringList[SST_SHADER_COUNT];
			bool		bUsePath;
		};
		typedef stSANSHADERPROGRAMDESC	SANSHADERPROGRAMDESC;
		typedef stSANSHADERPROGRAMDESC*	lpSANSHADERPROGRAMDESC;

		struct stSANSHADERPROGRAM
		{
		public:
			SHANDLE					ProgramHandle;
			SANSHADERPROGRAMDESC	Desc;
			lpSANSHADEROBJ			ShaderPtrList[SST_SHADER_COUNT];
			bool					bLinked;
			list<SString>			LinkLogList;
		public:
			stSANSHADERPROGRAM(SString strProgramName=_SSTR("ShaderProgram"));
			~stSANSHADERPROGRAM();
		};
		typedef stSANSHADERPROGRAM	SANSHADERPROGRAM;
		typedef stSANSHADERPROGRAM*	lpSANSHADERPROGRAM;

		typedef list<lpSANSHADERPROGRAM> SANSHADERPROGRAMLIST;

#ifdef _DIRECTX
		typedef IDirect3DVertexShader	SANVERTEXSHADER;
		typedef IDirect3DVertexShader*	LPSANVERTEXSHADER;
		typedef IDirect3DPixelShader	SANPIXELSHADER;
		typedef IDirect3DPixelShader*	LPSANPIXELSHADER;

		typedef ID3DXConstantTable		SANSHADERCONSTANTTABLE;
		typedef ID3DXConstantTable*		LPSANSHADERCONSTANTTABLE;

		typedef ID3DXBuffer				SANSHADERBUFFER;
		typedef ID3DXBuffer*			LPSANSHADERBUFFER;
//#endif

		typedef stSANUNKNOWNEX<SString,SANVERTEXSHADER>		VERTEXSHADERELEMENT;
		typedef stSANUNKNOWNEX<SString,SANVERTEXSHADER>*	LPVERTEXSHADERELEMENT;
		typedef list<VERTEXSHADERELEMENT>					VERTEXSHADERLIST;
		typedef list<VERTEXSHADERELEMENT>*					LPVERTEXSHADERLIST;

		typedef stSANUNKNOWNEX<SString,SANPIXELSHADER>		PIXELSHADERELEMENT;
		typedef stSANUNKNOWNEX<SString,SANPIXELSHADER>*		LPPIXELSHADERELEMENT;
		typedef list<PIXELSHADERELEMENT>					PIXELSHADERLIST;
		typedef list<PIXELSHADERELEMENT>*					LPPIXELSHADERLIST;
#endif

#endif
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Then everybody else finds out about it. Then there is the cool kid backlash because it's old news. Then seven years later I trip over it because I'm looking for some geeky code snippet or something.
Here's "Blue Diamonds" by The Long Winters.


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Your home or business could be exposed to risk. We make sure you're protected.
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London department store Selfridges has announced a series of events to celebrate its 100th birthday.
The Oxford Street store opened its doors on 15 March 1909 but centenary events will not start until May.
Music, fashion and cabaret performances and an exhibition documenting the history of the shop are among the centenary events planned.
Founded by US entrepreneur Gordon Selfridge, the store attracted 90,000 visitors on its opening day.
A group of "Selfridgettes", women dressed in the store's signature yellow, will also make appearances at the shop every Friday and Saturday in May.
The shop will organise further events as part of its Yellow Festival every weekend that month.


text:
Strater Theatre braces for weekend of hunks
Whether in its previous incarnation as the Diamond Circle or its current identity, the Henry Strater Theatre has playedhost to a diverse range of live entertainment over the years - and it hasn't...
DATE: March 16, 2010 | CATEGORY: Arts & Entertainment
Gritty realism drives photo exhibit
Audiences for the Durango Bach Festival at St. Mark's Episcopal Church next week will find an added treat in thechurch's gallery, where the black-and-white photography of Rebekah Wilkins-Pepiton...
Havens sings with spirit of a generation
After more than 50 years on the road, Richie Havens is still making it up as he goes along. "I only know the first song and the last song; everything in between becomes its own show," the iconic...
The Rodeo rides rhythms of real country music
Country music - real country music - is at its best when it's unapologetic, in your face and a long way from Nashville.And "whiskey-infused" doesn't hurt, either. It's hard to get much farther...
Author delivers in debut novel
Postcards from a Dead Girl is a gripping and stunning debut novel from Kirk Farber, a newly transplanted Coloradan.Open the first page and enter Sid's world. Bam! You are now in Sid's head, and...
Bach bash
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DATE: March 9, 2010 | CATEGORY: Arts & Entertainment
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The Official Publication of Shenandoah University
Shenandoah's Top 10 of 2019
Conducting Dreams
Edifying Opportunities
Genuine Educators
Keeping Music in the Family
Making a Difference in Sri Lanka
Music Therapy Student Wins Fulbright Scholarship Hannah Standiford '17 delves further into Indonesian musical form.
By Stephanie Mangino
When Hannah Standiford '17 graduated from Shenandoah Conservatory's Professional Studies Program for Music Therapy Certification Eligibility, she knew exactly what her next step would be: return to Indonesia to study the nation's music, courtesy of a Fulbright Scholarship.
"I didn't think I'd get a Fulbright," said Standiford, 27, of Richmond, a guitar teacher whose interest in Indonesian music began when she became involved with a gamelan (Indonesian court music) ensemble based at the University of Richmond. She received a Darmasiswa scholarship for the 2014-15 school year, which allowed her to travel to Indonesia to study gamelan music. However, while there, she discovered keroncong music, which is played on western instruments, like the ukulele. She learned she received the prestigious Fulbright in March. According to the Fulbright website, approximately 1,900 Fulbright Scholarships are awarded annually.
Standiford, who earned a bachelor's degree in classical guitar performance from Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in 2011, performed keroncong with street musicians, and in the process, developed a deeper understanding of the passage of time within both music and daily life, as she notes in a short TED talk, in which she performs keroncong music on a ukulele.
Not many western tourists visited the Indonesian town where she lived, and while she was a seasoned traveler, she felt a fair amount of culture shock there. People were more communal and less concerned about privacy than she was used to – she keenly felt her "foreignness" – but the music, which she needed no language fluency to learn, made any discomfort worthwhile.
She'll focus on keroncong music and incorporating traditional Appalachian music into its performance for her Fulbright studies. Both types of music share a similar ethos, said Standiford, citing their use of similar instruments and how each can be picked up by just putting in hours of playing. She also brought keroncong with her back to Richmond, playing it with her band, Rumput. When she returns to Indonesia on the Fulbright (she applied through VCU) she'll be a street musician once again.
Standiford anticipates merging some of her passions by exploring music therapy and ethnomusicology upon her return from Indonesia. Her interest in music therapy grew stronger several years ago, as she played music for Alzheimer's patients at VA hospital. Often, the patients were not verbal, but Standiford said when she played a Beatles song on her guitar, they'd begin to sing along, displaying what she calls "everyday magic."
Shenandoah offers one of two music therapy programs in Virginia, and Standiford said Associate Professor of Music and Director of Graduate Music Therapy Studies Anthony Meadows, Ph.D., MT-BC, FAMI, LPC, played a large role in her decision to attend Shenandoah, to which she traveled twice a week over the course of two years as she conducted her studies. "Meeting him in person kind of sealed the deal for me."
"Hannah is an inquisitive and thoughtful student. She is an outstanding musician who has the ability to connect deeply with clients and support them through a wide range of challenges," Dr. Meadows said. "Hannah has a bright future. Her love of music, and passion for indigenous Indonesian music, will open many doors and give her unique opportunities to combine her passions for ethnomusicology and music therapy. Music therapy is developing ways of acknowledging and integrating the music of diverse cultures, and Hannah stands right that the forefront of that work."
This Issue's Articles
It's that time of year. Check out what made this year so special at SU!
Harry F. Byrd, Jr. School of Business graduate has become the new owner of Shenandoah Music
Wilkins '78 conducts National Symphony Orchestra with Jennifer Hudson At Wolf Trap and earns Dreamer Award
Occupational therapist Brett DeVore '98 participates in an international community service project sparked by his longtime connection with the Boy Scouts of America.
Pharmacy alumnus David Merola '18 talks about how his Shenandoah experience is supporting his current efforts as a Ph.D. student at Harvard University.
Alumni are shaping the Staunton community through physical education.
1460 University Drive Winchester, VA 22601


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For Faith
Phylogeny of religions by CPurrin1. Incorrect in parts, but something.
In this 2007th year marked by someone else's prophet, I'd like to say that I like faith. Contrary to katakata, I am not anti-Buddhist or anti-religious in any sense. I only tend to comment on stuff that interferes directly with my life, like Fundamentalist Buddhism, notably in Parliament. I actually have great respect for faith and fond memories of my now depleted store. What I do object to is a faith of certainty rather than a faith of submission and doubt. Any Islamist, Christianist, or Buddhist who proclaims the supremacy of their religion and castigates anyone else doesn't typify faith to me. Importantly, the same goes for Atheists who gleefully try to 'disprove' faith and are so certain of others being wrong. My own experience with faith isn't of any specific conclusions, or of any superiority to anyone else. It was simply of loving something and feeling greatly humbled by that love.
I'd like to briefly address the Atheist argument that faith is a destructive force. On their side they cite religious wars, persecution, and intolerance. There are numerous examples of the above. I don't dispute this, but I also think that there are too many confounding variables (power, politics) to make the conclusion so one-to-one. The truth is that the overwhelming majority of humanity does practice some kind of faith. In fact, Atheism does not even show up in the demographics of religion, and around 75% of people adhere to the five majors. I have an instinctive revulsion to an argument which writes off most of history and humanity as stupid. It's elitist for one, and smacks more of judgment than useful social theory. My first argument is simply that faith is important.
History: For all its sins, religion is also responsible for our system of time, most art, magnificent architecture (Pyramids, Angkor Wat, Notre Dame), literature (Ramayana, Bible) and was for a great part of human history the guardian of knowledge and writing. It also preserved and spread language, culture, and formed a basic moral code that actually leads to decent lives and societies. Not that it is perfect, but it is a standard.
In technology the word 'standard' has a special meaning. HTML and GSM (phones), for example, are standards. HTML isn't especially awesome as a programming language, and it's not optimal. There are a lot of contradictions, kludges, and stuff it can't do. It is, however, widely adopted (warts and all) and that standardization lets you build a million things on top of it. Same thing for Windows. It kinda sucks, but people have settled on it and people have been able to communicate and build countless structures of business and knowledge on top of it.
In the same way, even religions with liberal doses of crazy form a standard, one that you can build a civilization atop. Not the greatest civilization or an optimal one, but something. It was the first thing that took us out of family/clan/race orientation and into something bigger and more inclusive. Not totally inclusive (obviously), but it's something. That's one reason I'm not quick to criticize religion on technical points. I know it's hacky, but we have built amazing things on top of it.
Humanity: Back to the present day, the majority of humans simply do have faith. That doesn't mean it's right, but it is deserving of at least an academic respect. I've found that I learn more about people by observing what they do rather than judging it. Not that some things aren't wrong, but in the past when I have judged I have also stopped learning.
Religion could be an antiquated delusion, but as a social scientist you can't simply ignore it. Religion is there and has been there at the most crucial moments in human lives – birth, marriage, and death. You may think it's stupid personally, but that's not an intellectually honest place to start.
Finally, I have often had Atheists argue to me that God does not as if that proves something (or is provable). Honestly, I will gladly concede that point. God, Nirvana and Allah don't exist. Fine. My uncle is also dead. I still love him.
The existence or non-existence of God is to me, irrelevant. What is important is loving Him/It/Her and living a better life. What is important is using some standards to build a more stable society. It's OK to love something that doesn't exist. It can make you a better person. The love is what is important.
Faith has been with us throughout history and it is with most of us now. I'm not saying that anyone needs to have it, but I do think it deserves some academic respect. Billions of people have had faith for thousands of years, so it's no minor psychological phenomenon. Hours of stoned brain power has been wasted on whether something greater exists, when the more important question of faith has been left largely unstudied. I'm in the odd position of thinking that religion needs more respect from that minority and a bit less from the majority, which I guess pleases nobody. However, I'm simply not that interested in whether God is dead. I'm more interested in how humans live.
Janus	 14 years ago
Very nicely put. Glad you included atheists, cos many seem to ignore their views. Though its debatable whether simply loving somethin that might not be there makes you a better person, but that is your view, and the post is still good.
Drunk at work	 14 years ago
religion as i see it is a certain dependance on a higher being or a collective philosophy. It fullfills a persons inherent need to hold on to something that provides hope and a sense of tranquility. I believe that life dictates the degree to which your yearn for it, what circumstances you have been through and what influences you have had in your life. its what works for you, you either reject it or embrace it but do the world a favour and bloody keep it to yourself. I hate the loudspeakers that have bana and muslims prayers polluting the air, the missioneries that offer food if converted…
Religion good, men who distort it to their favour BAD. Also not a fan of collective thinking, i don't need a religion to set the way i live my life..
The benevolent Dictator	 14 years ago
Indi,
You say faith is important. It may have been important years and years ago when the mass populace was uneducated, illiterate and needed, literally, the fear of god to be kept in line and follow the norms of their society. It couldn't have been difficult to convince those people of a superior being. A good example is that in this day and age, with society expected to be enlightened and more rational, people from all walks of life, including many highly educated, otherwise intelligent people, blindly believe in god-men like Sai Baba, Swami Premananda etc. If a charismatic man who is (obviously) delusional enough to believe in the stuff that he preaches can hold sway over millions of people like Sai Baba does today, what chance would the poor people living 4 B.C. have had? Cue your Jesus Christs, your Mohameds, who were no doubt trying to do some good by bringing some discipline to those folks, but we'd never know whether they weren't just a ancient version of the modern day messiahs.
I sometimes wonder whether faith is relevant now. I'm a fairly broadminded bugger who believes in 'to each, his own' so I figured that it works for some people and so it is probably relevant to them.
dsome	 14 years ago
sheen estevez	 14 years ago
You say better life. What is the fundamental difference between what is good and what is bad?
nsharp	 14 years ago
Faith is the great cop-out, the great excuse to evade the need to think and evaluate evidence. Faith is belief in spite of, even perhaps because of, the lack of evidence.
— Richard Dawkins
By that definition of faith, any heuristic thought is a 'cop out'. By heuristic I mean
simple, efficient rules, hard-coded by evolutionary processes which have been proposed to explain how people make decisions, come to judgments, and solve problems, typically when facing complex problems or incomplete information. These rules work well under most circumstances, but in certain cases lead to systematic cognitive biases.
Heuristics are literally the basis for 99.9% of human decisions, and in a computational sense they are remarkably efficient at dealing with woefully incomplete information. It's not a 'cop-out', just ask anyone trying to program a computer to deal with corrupted or incomplete input. Dawkins studied evolution and he didn't base his book on such a specious argument. 'Faith' as described in that quote is literally the human processing model. People don't apply the scientific method in 99.9% of decisions (if any), and we're actually evolved to be pretty damn good at decision making. Purely by that token, faith is literally a godsend.
Sam	 14 years ago
You're going straight to Hell
Because you don't believe
In my imaginary friend
Who lives in the sky
And truly loves you so!
Well, even though
He is gonna have you tortured when you die
Because you don't believe as you oughtta
That snakes and donkeys talk
Or a man can walk
Or that it's true
That the Lord committed suicide just for me and you!
In a red demon with a little pointy tail
Or a man who had a condo in a whale
Or those flapping feathered angels who fell
Just like them
You're going straight to Hell!
Heuristics are literally the basis for 99.9% of human decisions, and in a computational sense they are remarkably efficient at dealing with woefully incomplete information
– Yes, thousands of years ago – but today people have a lot more information than they did – yet they still base decisions on faith.
People don't apply the scientific method in 99.9% of decisions (if any),
-Isnt that worrying? Lets say a person comes upon an unforseen situation. One one hand they have faith (which has no evidence of ever being right) and on the other hand they have science (which has a lot of evidence) and they choose faith to deal with the situation!
and we're actually evolved to be pretty damn good at decision making.
–Are you sure? What about all the countless needless deaths and immense suffering caused by faith?
Purely by that token, faith is literally a godsend.
–Not only that, sometimes it can get you a private jet. Just ask Benny Hinn ;)
Ravana	 14 years ago
I think you miss the point, nsharp. The reason 99.9% of decisions are not based on the scientific method, is probably because they cannot be based on the scientific method, due to data, time, and computational restrictions. If you tried to base every single one of your decisions on the scientific method, you literally wouldn't get very far.
Me	 14 years ago
I guess for people who have never had to go through trials & tribulations & feel the powerlessness of being human in adversity — I mean 'no hope' situations— & the comfort one feels in a belief system & the hope it gives, it must be smart to make assumptions as why some people have the need to believe in something.
Colin Purrington	 14 years ago
Well, the phylogeny of religion is clearly wrong in spots, as you say. If you have thoughts on how I should fix it, I'd be grateful. The current draft is here.


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Young Athlete Near Boston Hit With Mesothelioma Diagnosis
It's not often that the Red Sox, Bruins and Patriots – Boston's three high-profile professional sports franchises – join forces like this.
But it's also not often that someone so young and so healthy is stricken with a cancer as rare as mesothelioma, which normally attacks older individuals after years of exposure to asbestos.
All three teams, in Major League Baseball, the National Hockey League and the National Football League, have provided game tickets for the fundraising effort in support of Kevin Morrison, the 21-year-old former high school athletic star who is battling peritoneal mesothelioma.
The "Kevin's Cause," event is scheduled for Aug. 12 at a local restaurant, hoping to raise the money to cover the alternative treatment he needs but isn't covered by the family's medical insurance.
Morrison is currently being treated at the nearby Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, according to a press release from the Norwood Fire Department Local 1631, where his father works.
As a senior at Norwood High School (Class of 2008), Morrison was the captain of both the football and hockey teams.
Norwood is a tight-knit community of 28,000 located just 15 miles outside of Boston. It has rallied around the "Kevin's Cause," event. Concannon's, a restaurant in Norwood, is providing the site for the evening. The Norwood Printing company and the Norwood Fire Department are selling the tickets, promoting the event. The town's official website is running the press release prominently.
According to a family member who spoke with Asbestos.com, details of Kevin's current condition and future treatment will not be released, although friends and neighbors have been promoting the event through Facebook and Twitter, along with various websites.
Mesothelioma is no stranger to the area. The cancer has struck many times around Boston, particularly those in blue-collar professions, many stemming from work in the area shipyards, where asbestos exposure has been prevalent.
The normally-lengthy latency period – from 20 to 50 years – between the exposure to asbestos and the onset of mesothelioma symptoms is what has made Morrison's case so notable, although not unique.
Austin Lacy, a former high school football player from Pasadena, Calif., died in June from complications stemming from mesothelioma, only a week before he was scheduled to graduate from high school.
December 19, 2019 Study: Mesothelioma Patients with CD70 Protein Have Worse Prognosis
January 9, 2020 Pleural and Peritoneal Mesothelioma Combination Can Be Managed
© 2020 by Asbestos.com and The Mesothelioma Center. All rights reserved. | Last Modified May 11, 2016


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React vs React Native: The Ultimate Comparison
What is React.js and What is it Used for? Previous post
Svelte vs React: Ending the Debate Next post
React vs React Native
1. Overwhelming Support
2. General Benefits
3. Learn Once, Write Anywhere
4. Flexible and Dynamic User Interfaces
5. Core React Library
6. JSX
1. Web Development versus Mobile
2. User Interface
3. Virtual DOM versus Native APIs
5. Animations
Although they share the name and were both created by Facebook, they're different technologies best utilized in different cases. Read on to discover which circumstances make them most beneficial, if not necessary.
React is an open–source JavaScript library commonly used in web development, specifically in building user interfaces. It was developed by Facebook in 2011 to enhance performance of complex single–page applications. It was done by introducing Virtual DOM, a virtual representation of a Document Object Model, that serves as a temporary tree for updating and rendering. Once all the changes are made, the Virtual DOM calculates the most efficient way to update and render the real tree. And since the number of updates done on the real DOM is lower, the performance of the web app gets higher.
React's other undeniable strength lies in declarative, reusable components that manage their own state, which significantly speed up the development process. The process tends to be also described as pretty painless, smooth, and effortless. In result, React became one of the most loved technologies. Nowadays, it's used by Netflix, Uber, Amazon, Twitter, Pinterest, and many other tech giants.
There are several, additional reasons why React JS is such a popular choice in web development — and why React development services are on the rise — but let's focus on the most important ones:
Interactive user interfaces can be done easily and quickly thanks to reusable UI components,
High performance can be achieved due to React's Virtual DOM,
Clean abstraction layer additionally facilitates the development process,
Stable code and easy debugging are ensured due to one–way data flow,
Many useful developer tools make a developer's life easier,
Support by Facebook and a big, active community makes React future–proof,
React is SEO–friendly, which translates into huge business benefits.
Nothing's perfect, even though React really tries. Let's see where it falls short:
The rapid pace of development can leave some developers in the dust,
React, as a continuously expanding technology, lacks proper documentation that should have accompanied each update,
Since React is only responsible for the UI, involving other technologies might be necessary,
JSX, a syntax extension that allows the mixing of HTML and JavaScript, can be troublesome to some developers due to its complexity.
React Native is a JavaScript framework used in cross platform mobile development. This means that you can build mobile apps for both Android and iOS devices with just one codebase, reducing the manpower needed and saving both money and time.
Developed by Facebook and released in 2015, its main goal was to make mobile development easier, faster, and more efficient, primarily by reusing the code across multiple platforms. In result, maintenance and support got affected as well, delivering a much smoother experience for developers.
It's important to keep in mind though, that with React Native you can't make fully native mobile applications, despite the name. But unless there's a need for a true native mobile app, React Native should do just fine, especially since the most crucial parts can be written in Java, Kotlin, Swift or Objective–C.
To see why React Native is eagerly used by the likes of Microsoft, Discord, and Shopify, among many others, let's take a closer look at React Native's biggest strengths.
It can be used to improve existing app's code or to create a brand new mobile app from start to finish,
Maintenance of two platforms is easier because of the shared codebase,
React Native uses the popular JavaScript, so it's easier to introduce to new teams or new team members,
In React Native, native components are used during render, which gives mobile apps a truly native feel,
Fast Refresh ensures real–time–feedback, showing the changes made to the code immediately,
React Native apps have faster performance because of the use of the graphics processing unit (GPU).
If something's too good to be true, then it's not. Thankfully, React Native has some drawbacks.
React Native is still in beta, so compatibility and debugging issues might arise,
Due to the lack of components, you might need to use external libraries,
Additional native platform knowledge might be required.
As proven above, the React Native framework is another beast altogether, and the title of "React, but for mobile" is more than misleading. To truly understand the difference between these two technologies, let's compare them more in depth.
Both technologies were developed by Facebook for its own use and were open–sourced later on. This makes React and React Native pretty much future–proof, since as long as Facebook is going to use it, both technologies will be maintained, updated, and supported. There's no fear that this company will suddenly switch to Angular, React's biggest competitor that's been created by Google.
Additionally, Reactjs and React Native endeared themselves to a vast amount of developers, who built an active, rich community. Hence it's easy to find a solution to any problem, learn new things via free tutorials, or gain the latest resources that will enrich the project.
Extremely fast performance, modern and dynamic web interfaces, component based architecture that makes everyone's life easier, and all the other factors that make React such a delight are shared with React Native. You can expect to find the same or at least similar benefits with them both.
The main principle of React — "learn once, write anywhere" — is also shared with React Native. This proposed approach is an answer to a "write once, run anywhere" principle, which is well known for being downright unrealistic, as it leads to a constant debugging.
"Learn once, write anywhere" ensures that a web developer familiar with React has an easier time understanding React Native, even though some native knowledge might be required as well. It definitely gives a head start that might make a difference in a tight spot.
Additionally, both React and React Native don't make assumptions about used technology stack — which means that you can link these both technologies with others. You can jump right into another project already in progress with your React skills, or you can start one from scratch. No rewriting of the existing code required.
Although both were meant for different platforms — React for web and React Native for mobile platforms — they were created with the same goal in mind: to take the user interface to the next level without compromising on quality. That's why both web and mobile apps heavily rely on composable, declarative components instead of templates, and they both use internal representation of the rendered UI for quick updates.
And if you'd like to heavily control the behavior of even the tiniest components, lifecycle methods come to the rescue. Although they're recommended to be used sparingly, they can still be helpful in specific situations. And once you get the hang of them — of mounting, updating, unmounting, and errors — you don't have to worry about learning new lifecycle methods while switching from web to mobile, or from mobile to web. The only catch is the rendering, which can be a bit different for these two.
With the v0.14 release, came the split of React into two packages: React and React DOM. The former consists of universal components and isomorphic helpers that support them, while the latter has everything that's needed for the browser and rendering. The goal of this divide was to facilitate building more environments, and to share components and parts of the code between React and React Native. That's why you can stumble upon the same code components across different platforms, as well as business logic, and as a developer you're free to use them as you wish to achieve quick results.
In other words, with React Native you use the exact same library like with React, only with additional native UI components.
Using JSX in either React or React Native is not necessary, but it definitely makes life easier. But what is it in the first place?
JSX is an extension to JavaScript and it facilitates writing and adding HTML–like text in React. HTML–like, because it might look like HTML, but it's actually a set of React components. But if you already know HTML, getting the hang of JSX should be a piece of cake.
JSX is commonly used for defining tree structures with attributes to describe the UI within JavaScript. It serves as a visual aid to developers, making the code more elegant and simpler, which is particularly useful in writing complex apps. It's also faster than vanilla JavaScript and it lets React show more accurate error messages.
The most important distinction between React and React Native is that they're meant for completely different platforms: the former was created for web developers, and the latter for the mobile ones. And although it might seem like it, React Native isn't "React, but for mobile" at all — the difference in platforms brings a new set of challenges altogether. Because of that, learning one technology after learning the other won't be a breeze, but it'll definitely be smoother.
For example, a React developer wanting to switch to mobile would have to learn React Native's built–in UI components (ScrollView, ListView, Text, etc), layout with Flexbox and styling, navigation and routing, to name a few.
And of course, you'll have to learn platform specific code, in case you'd like to differentiate Android's UI from iOS', or were forced to by those platform's guidelines.
Although the general principles of UI stay the same, it's important to note that React uses HTML and CSS for styling, which is impossible to reproduce with React Native — here, it's necessary to use Native Components instead.
Native Components are React components, which are backed by either Android or iOS views, giving the app an almost true, native experience, from look, to feel, and performance. Views, in turn, are the most fundamental and common elements used to build user interfaces. In Android development they're written in Kotlin or Java, while in iOS development, Swift or Objective–C are used.
React Native has its own set of Native Components that can be used at once — those are Core Components. Anyone can create their own Native Components as well, or use those made by the community.
React's most famous feature is Virtual DOM, which in short, is responsible for improving the overall performance of the product thanks to partial refresh. React Native though doesn't render to the browser's DOM, but uses native APIs. It's possible due to React Native acting as a bridge between its JavaScript side and its Native side, also referred to as threads.
It should be also noted that React Native doesn't render web–views, but native UI components, which gives it a significant advantage.
To build proper navigation and transition between pages, especially in complex projects, using external libraries might be necessary. The most well known one is React Router, a collection of navigational, declarative components, created by Michael Jackson and Ryan Florence. With it, you can create a fast and smooth user experience thanks to dynamic client–side routing. It helps you in keeping the UI in sync with browser URL and doesn't reload at every instance of the user's every action.
Additionally, React Router goes by the "learn once, route anywhere" rule, which means that it can be used no matter the rendering process. That's why React Router can be used hand in hand with React Native.
But React Native comes with its own Navigator components, which facilitates the process of building transitions and animations that have a native feel. In case it's not enough, there's always the native navigation implementation React Native Navigation that can help you out, developed by Wix.
There are several ways of making animations in React. The easiest one is to use CSS for that purpose, which is more than enough for simple animations. Also, it keeps the app lightweight.
In case that's not enough, you can install an add–on component ReactTransitionGroup for transitioning components in an efficient way — but it still deals with pretty basic CSS animations and transitions. The React–animations library, on the other hand, is a big collection of animations for inline style libraries. There's also Remotion, which lets you do videos as well, React Spring or React Move — and many more.
In React Native however, you can make use of a built–in animation library, so no external libraries are necessary. Animated ensures that your dynamic elements are smooth and fluid without compromising the performance, but enhancing it instead. Its biggest advantage is that the animations run on the UI thread — not on the JavaScript thread — so seamless transitions in your React Native app are guaranteed.
React and React Native are similar enough to give developers some head start when it comes to learning the two, but different enough to warrant additional time spent on education — especially React Native requires mastering the native side of it, whether it's Android development or iOS. As a reminder, let's take a last look at all the similarities and differences between the two.
#mobile development
#react native
#web development


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The beautiful glass sculptures of American artist Dale Chihuly are inspired by the natural world, balancing content with a research of the material's translucency and transparency properties. Chihuly's works use organic forms, plant life, sea creatures, beautiful currents of water, and waves to create universes of mysterious imagery, alive with movement and light.
Chihuly's monumental three-dimensional installations, which use bright color to stimulate viewers, are elegant and purposeful; Each piece plays an important role and integrates into the whole, effortlessly blending into the beautiful landscapes in which they are set. Chihuly's captivating installations invite you into a secret world of fantasy and wonder that inspires the senses and connects with human consciousness and spirituality.
Dale Chihuly is known widely for his dedication to glass blowing. He has been credited with elevating blown glass objects from decorative pieces to fine art and has earned a host of awards, including 12 honorary doctorates and 2 National Endowment for the Arts fellowships. Chihuly's glass sculptures explore color, line, and assemblage; his work ranges from the single vessel to indoor/outdoor site-specific installations. He is best known for his multipart blown compositions.
Chihuly was born in Tacoma, Washington, in 1941 and grew up in the city. While at high school, he wrote a term paper on Van Gogh and how the artist's work inspired him to remodel his mother's recreational room. After a year at the College of Puget Sound, he transferred to the University of Washington, where he was first introduced to glass during his interior design studies. In 1965 he achieved a Bachelor of Arts degree in interior design.
After graduating, Chihuly decided to enroll in a hot glass program, the first of its kind in the United States, established by Studio Glass movement founder Harvey K. Littletonin at the University of Wisconsin, where he attained a Master of Science in sculpture in 1967. Chihuly further advanced his studies through the Rhode Island School of Design and later established its glass program, teaching students for more than a decade.
In 1968 Chihuly received a Fulbright Fellowship, which led him to the Venini Glass Factory in Venice. This experience exposed him to the team's approach to glass blowing, which would become an integral part of his working method. In 1971 Chihuly co-founded the Pilchuck Glass School, and he has gone on to become a leader in the development of glass as fine art.
Tragically, Chihuly was involved in a severe head-on car collision while visiting England in 1976. The impact threw him through the vehicle's windshield, causing severe facial cuts and leaving him blind in his left eye. Miraculously, Chihuly was eventually able to recover and continued his glass-blowing career until he dislocated his right shoulder in 1979 in a body-surfing accident.
In 2006, Chihuly gave an interview in which he stated that because his most recent accident had left him unable to hold the glass-blowing pipe, he was forced to hire a team of assistants. He said that he liked the view once he had taken a step back and was able to enjoy it. He explained how seeing things from this point of view enabled him to work from different perspectives and anticipate problems much more quickly. Chihuly described his role as a choreographer rather than a dancer, a supervisor more than a participant, a director rather than an actor.
Dale Chihuly has several museum collections, over 200 around the world in fact, with over a dozen well-known series of his work, including the conceptual breakthrough with Dry Ice, Bent Glass, and Neon that he completed with James Carpenter in the 1970s; Macchia, Persians, and Seaforms in the 1980s; Chandeliers, Niijima Floats, and Bridge of Glass in the 1990s; as well as Fiori, Bluebeards Castle, and Mille Fiori Venezia in the 2000s.
In 1995, Chihuly began work on Chihuly over Venice, in which the artist created sculptures in glass factories in countries such as Ireland, Mexico, and Finland. He then began to install them throughout the piazzas and canal ways of Venice. In 1999 he started an ambitious exhibition – Chihuly In The Light Of Jerusalem. This project generated more than a million visitors worldwide to witness the Tower of David installations.
www.chihuly.com
Artist HOWARD HARRIS EXCITING NEW ART TITANS AWARD
Howard Harris."Visual reality is an ever-shifting experience. What one sees reflects our emotional state and synthesis...


Ed. G. Haywood, Lt. Colonel: Made Col. after Campbell's death.
Ed. D. Hall, Major: promoted to the 46th Regmt I think.
J. L. Hill succeeded Hall as Major and made Lt. Col. after death of Col Campbell. Hill was killed at battle of Chancellorsville.
Robt S. Young made major after promotion of Hill to Lt. Colonelcy, and afterwards retired.
Robt. B. McRea succeeded Young - wounded at the 2nd battle of Mannassas, which forced him to retire.
Wm Lee Davidson succeeded McRea as Major, and Lt. Col. Hill as Lt. Col. after Hill's death at Chancellorsville.
J.G. Harris Major - the latter being the field officers of the Regmt when the war closed.
I have not answered yrs. of the 28th ult. before, because I do not know what Cunningham's name was, and I have been unable to find anyone who did know. By searching among my old letters in 1861- I have succeeded in finding one from him which is subscribed "J.P. Cunningham." Even now I am uncertain what the first initial is a contraction for. I think it is John, and I am ingnorant what P. stands for.
Adjutant Smede's name was Ives Smedes: named after the former Prot. Epis. Bishop of N.C. of that name. I regret my inability to give you more certain information as to Cunningham-and, under the circumstances you will pardon my delay in responding to your inquiries.
I volunteered as a private in the Wilmington Light Infantry an old Company before the war I was with R B McRae D R Murchendon we raised a company of over One Hundred men - 7th Co [ C or G ] I recd appointment as 2nd Lieut in the State troops I served in the line for Two Years was promoted to Commissary of the 7th Regt with rank of Captn - was afterwards promoted by Genl Lane to Major Commissary on his Staff.
Yrs 10th recd yesterday. Will give you every assistance that I can in getting up the roster of 18th NC Regt. Your list is nearly correct & I hope to be able to supply the omissions which I may be able to do when I can see Maj TJ Wooten who lives near me.
When Col RH Cowan resigned about Nov/62 near BunkerHill Capt RM DeVane was announced Maj. under orders from [ ] [Seddon] to fill vacancies & [so acted] till he was retired being disabled by wounds recd at Hanover. His retirement made Capt JD Barry Maj. On 3rd May following Col TJ [Purdie] was killed & Lt Col [Forney] George slightly wounded in head. Col. George had a few days before the fight received his certificate of election to the N.C. Legislature & resigned.
Maj TJ Wooten was in command of Brigade & I think Division Sharpshooters & the Regt was surrendered by Capt John J [Poisson]. Myers, Watters & myself were the only Adjts of the Regt, I am not positive,but almost so, that Saml B Watters was his name. He resigned after the Shepherdstown fight, and I was appointed by Col Cowan, his successor & held the position till Appomattox "dissolved the band."
About the time that Dr Miller left there was a Dr Higginbotham acting as Brig Surgeon & the Brig [Sgn] returning he was put with the 18th & was with us when [when] Dr Tyler came. I think his name was John Tyler. I was not as much impressed with his name as with the fact that he was the son of Presdt Tyler. Tyler was succeeded by Thos B Lane who was with us at the close. In the beginning we had two Asst Surgeons who were Charles [Lessesue] & Simpson Russ. When but one was allowed Russ was assigned to an Ala or Va regt the latter perhaps, and [Lessesue] being soon promoted Surgeon was succeeded by Dr William Brown, who left us after the Harpers Ferry Campaign. He was succeeded by [Alvn] Gordon, that compound of wonders.
After Gordon there was an interim that is not now clear to me. It is my impression that Tyler & Gordon left us & that our sick were attended to by Asst Sgs Lane & [Vigal] alternately, till Lane took us regularly in charge & was afterward promoted Surgeon.
We were then without an Asst Surgeon until Dr Russ was a second time assigned to the 18th whilst we were at Liberty Mills. It may be that Higginbotham was not really assigned to us, but [tenting] with us whilst Brig Sgn that gets him mixed in.
Tyler correctly, as he was intimate with our [ ] soldiery, & was with us quite often.
I will confer with our 18th members, & endeavor to get the necessary information to complete the roster which I fear will not be easily or accurately obtained, as my desk & all in it was destroyed near Farmville, & those who would probably be able to give the information are so scattered as to be unavailable.
The roster of the Regt that was filed in the Adjt Genls office at Raleigh was notoriously imperfect at the time as to the Field & line officers & a caricature as to the companies.
Your note of this date at hand "Sam B Watters" was first of the 3d N C Infantry then Adjt 18th in QM Dept at Raleigh with W W Pierce "QM" at that post.
is now Keeper of a Saloon at Wilson NC. I have heard particulars not favorable which perhaps I had not better write.
Yours came to hand some days ago, and in complying with your request I am necessarily obliged having no record at hand, to depend upon my recollection which is rather [treacherous] in the matter remembering names!
Brigade, according to the rules of promotion, would [necessarily] [be] Brigade Surgeon & from my recollection the Brigade never was without one or more Regimental Surgeons present for duty!
I do not recollect the given name of Dr Tyler, who was a son of the late President Tyler. Dr Tyler was with the Brigade but a short time.
duty as Surgeon of the  Regiment, but upon [reporting] to Maj J.G. Harris & T.L. Alexander this morning, they are both under the impression that Dr Alexander was not promoted from an Assistant Surgeon!
Gen J.H. Lane, Wilmington N.C.
You cannot imagine my surprise and pleasure on receiving yours of 19th ult. After some delay it was forwarded tome from Iron Station N.C. I had left for the gulf some two months previous. I regret that in my army diary, I neglected the items that might have been of use to you at this time. The information that I give you must be from recollection entirely. Col. Turner has already furnished you more than I could possibly have done.
I do not think the regiment had a full surgeon after Dr. Gibbon. Nick Gibbon was transferred when regimental commissaries were abolished.
Oscar J. Brent, was the name of the first Chaplain.
He was recommended at High Point. He was Pastor there, and appointed about the time we moved to Wilmington. F. Milton Kennedy (not M.F) was appointed by me in Dec. 1862. He was the last Chaplain. I knew Dr (P.A.) Holt as Division Surgeon only if not mistaken. Was not Higginbotham once Brigade Surgeon? I remember Dr Cox as with us about Kinston N.C. in 1862, and something of a bombastic Dr Barham, captured at Hanover C.H. in May 1862. He remained with the wounded and was really foolhardy in his defiance to the Yankee Soldiery. We saw him no more. Capt. D.A. Parker succeeded Capt G.S. Thompson as Quarter Master when we were at Camp Gregg (wasn't it?) on the Rappahannock near 'Moss Necke' in the winter of 62-3.
On another sheet I shall try to give you some of the officers requested.
Capt T. Jas Linebarger lives at Triangle P.O. Lincoln Co. N.C. and he remembers everything he ever knew nearer than any other man I ever was acquainted with. He is a veteran still and one of the most truthful men I ever knew. He is in the Mercantile business and the best people wish him success. He might fill all the gaps in our reports if called on.
Officers of 28th. Besides yourself & me, the regiment never had a Colonel, unless Speer's Commission came in after his death, so far as I know.
____ Lovill. I do not think Lovill had a commission as Lt. Col.
Adjts: ____ Waddell acted at first, but D A McRae was I think the first you appointed, and the only one. I appointed to fill his place, Lt. R S Folger.
Dr. Mayo was with the regiment as Asst Surgeon when I was retired. Who succeeded him I do not know. I regret that I am unable to furnish you something that would be of use to you, but 16 years of varied fortune in business life have dimmed my recollection of the times I look back upon with mingled feelings-indescribable. Before closing I wish to add a line about myself and little family.
Four years after the Surrender we (3) moved South and remained here till 73. My wife was a consumptive. For her sake we (4) returned to NC. In 1879 we buried her, and remained 2 years at our home. All the while I was a merchant. When I could so arrange my business, we (3) moved back to So. Ga., and my daughter of 16, boy of 11 are boarding near me, while I am working very hard and doing the best business for many years. I am a widower.
They say age sits lightly upon me, but I begin to feel the weight of years. But I do not wish to tire you General. I would like to hear something of your business & family. Dr. Gibbon told me some time ago that you were in Richmond. Very likely you are too busy to write me a long letter. This is all written after closing my store at 9 1/2 P.M. Therefore make allowance.
Gen. Jas. H. Lane, Wilmington N.C.
Your highly prized letter of 10th inst. was duly received and read with lively interest. I know it is contrary to your custom to write long letters; this is appreciated both for its length and the subject matter it contains. Yes, Gen., I do 'grow more & more averse to letter writing.' The inclination has failed and perhaps partly on account of the increased effort required for the last several years. The Roster sent me will be preserved to be handed down to my boy as my General's gift: Your trials since the glorious reign of peace began appear to have been quite as hard as my own in many respects. Till now though, I did not know that you had been imprisoned for an incendiary speech. You do not say that you were carried to prison, but to Fortress [Monroe] under arrest. You certainly were at the very gate for alleged disloyal sentiments, a 'rebellious speech.' Now it would not surprise me if you could have made a very good speech on such a subject, inflamed at and inspired by the surroundings, (and you always made a sensible talk) but you had more prudence than to do it.
You have my sympathy for losing so good a position at Va. Agl & Mechl College through the Meahan-ites, at the same time knowing that your energy and ability with recompense you for any ordinary reverses.
Gen. all occupations require hard work, as you are well aware. My business is not quite so light as to physical labor, as your profession, but I much prefer it, and very likely you might too on a trial. My choice as to location is along the Sav. Flor & Western R.R. or lower down in Fla. My small capital decided me to come to this little village, where I might join my former partner who now has abundant means, but there is scarcely a Station from Sav. to Bainbridge - 200 miles - that does not offer inducements to active business men, and but for the single reason mentioned, I should have chosen almost any other. Since we left this country in 1873, I have continually thought of a neat little town, Homerville, on this road, 90 miles from Sav. From all I have learned of it, the place would suit me with say $1000 of ready money better than Naylor, 144 miles West of Sav. if I had to play a lone hand.
We are 5 merchants here, Stocks each under $2000. Two of them frequently speak of selling out, either goods & houses, or goods alone. There can be a good business done here and I should be very glad to have you with us. There is no School for misses and rather a poor one for boys. Society! it is seldom spoken of. But they have good schools and good people at other places on the road. It is the climate most of all that brings me South.
Socially, we must 'rough it' too much at Naylor.
You ask if Dr. Gaither was at any time asst. Surgeon of the 28th. I think not, at all events, he was never in the regt. while I was with it. Another query brings to mind that Lt. Ewing acted as Adjt a short time, but my impression is he was not appointed. I have not seen a copy of Col. Barber's congratulatory order on the occasion of my marriage since my retirement. It was rather amusing. I should like to buy the copies of the papers in which your report is published It would be something like living over again the days of the war without the perils and hardships. We all enjoyed a portion of the soldiering. Camp life and even marches were sometimes exhilarating, but then sorrows for slain loved ones often buried our pleasures too deep to be resurrected except by time which claims to cure all griefs. Have you not heard and read many false statements concerning the wounding of Stonewall Jackson? I have, and frequently remarked that I did not know why Gen. Lane did not correct the errors through the papers. True, it was not important to me, but I felt somehow that it should be correctly told, and no other General, not excepting AP. Hill, could do it so well. Gen Hill, I presume knew less of the disposition of your line, the only brigade on the road in front or near the battery. Your reports, no doubt, clear it up.
Whilst writing the foregoing, I recd. a note from Capt Linebarger, asking me if Barringer was not promoted to Lt. Col. He was certainly recommended and I think appointed, but whether commissioned or not, I can not recollect. Capt L. is apt to be correct. It is hardly probable that any of the regt. ever knew Dr. Cox's given name unless it was Dr Gibbon. He lives in Charlotte still and-can you believe it of the cold old batchelor?- has been twice married in about 10 years.
In the Observer article which directed you to my P.O. the type setter made me say 'Lane's regiment' for 'Lane's Brigade', which should have been corrected if it could have been done. You confess to feeling older, but that your friends pronounce you the same as in war times. Your penmanship at least has not changed and I hope you have before you many years of vigor, in which to enjoy the companionship of your family. I appreciate your kind sentiments with regard to myself & motherless children. From present indications they are not likely to have a mother even in name. I am not able to educate them as I wish and (as you write it) keep out of debt. Our expenses are $33. per month for board & washing alone. Considering my many heavy losses and the heavy expenses of traveling with our family for the benefit of an invalid wife, nursing, losing time, paying Doctor bills & e for so many years, I deserve the credit of doing well to achieve a small success with my own unaided efforts. If you think seriously of coming this way, it will afford me pleasure to give you all the information I can. Shall be glad to hear from you.
Genl. J.H. Lane, Wilmington N.C.
Genl. Your letter of 10th Inst. arrived on the 14th, at which time I was from home, hence the delay. With pleasure will I furnish you any information I can. You will recollect that I was but a short time in command of the Regt. I can not therefore give much information on the field & staff, having no records whatever of Regimental Hd.Qrs. I have a very full record of my Co.
I recollect getting up a Roster of the Reg. and in my memorandum, under date of Jan 28 '65 is this entry: 'Roster of Officers of Regt. [forwd] to A & I Genls Office, Richmond.' But I have no copy. I know nothing of the Roll at Raleigh.
Are you sure Speer was Col. I am not. I was absent about 30 days after his death, and it seems that some one told me that his appointment was issued about the time he was killed, but had not reached him. Perhaps you know of a certainty.
I will write to Col Lowe who probably remembers. Stowe was not promoted above Maj. (fortunately for the Regt.) Lovell was not promoted above Capt. I recollect no other Adjutants. Am pretty sure Erving of E was never Adjt. I think he rejoined the Regt at one time (you will recollect he was dropped on the re-organization in '62) and if on staff at all it was as Sergt. Maj. which however is not at all clear in my memory.
I have no recollection whatever of Drs. Holt, McRee or Cox. If the two latter ever belonged to the Regt I am sure I never made the acquaintance of either of the 'gentlemen,' as Capt [G.G.H.] would express it.
I still think I was right in reporting Gaither as full Surgeon, (little as he may have deserved the title).
I can not now call up any Asst. Surgeon after Mayo, and at the same time do not think he was with us all the time up to the surrender.
I add to your Roster Ensign J. P. Little, which promotion was made from my Co May 2nd 1864. Your Roster contains none of the non-com. staff.
I enclose herewith copy of my list of the Regt. present at the surrender.
You perhaps addressed the letter you wrote to me soon after the war to Newton which is the C.H. of my native Co. but which county has not been my home since the war except a part of the year '65. Hence the failure to reach me.
In reply to the closing sentence of your letter I would say that I am trying to do well. And while I have made no very decided financial success, I have made some headway. I am now merchandising, in partnership with David Kincaid formerly O.S. of C.C. We have been in business together here a little over five years.
I obtained a companion in Jan '67, and now there are six young rebels connected with the household. The 3 elder of the kind to make soldiers - the 3 younger housekeepers. These are all with us now. Our second son died at a little over 2 years of age, when we were living in Coffee County Georgia.
Excuse the too great length to which this letter has run. Mrs. L. and the babies join me in kind regards to you.
Adjutants - Duncan A. McRae.
Gen. J.H. Lane, Wilmington N.C.
Genl. The above [moved to below] is an exact copy of a Roll of Officers & men of the 28th Regt. present and surrendered at Appomattox C.H. Va. on Apr 9 '65. This Roll, drawn by myself from lists furnished by Co. Commanders on Apr. 10th is still in my possession, and I am therefore able to vauch for its correctness.
4. W.R. Rankin, Serg. Maj.
5. T.C. Lowe, Q.M. Serg.
19. H.C. Turner 2nd Lt.
Genl. Immediately after receiving your recent letter, I wrote to the P.M. at Troy N.C. from whom I learn, by a card received yesterday, that Col. W.D. Barringer's address is Rockwall C.H. Rockwall Co. Texas.
I have this morning written to Col. B. giving him your address, and also the questions you asked me concerning himself & Erving.
Your favor of the 13th inst. to hand and I can assure you it gave me much pleasure to learn of your whereabouts and will most cheerfully give you all the information possible and will answer your questions in the order asked, I was Lt Colonel of the regt when I resigned.
W.H.A. Speer was full Colonel when killed.
D.A. McRae & R.S. Folger were the only adjutants.
Do not recollect Dr J.F. McRee as surgeon.
Do not recollect Cox as asst surg.
Mayo was last asst surgeon.
"lang syne" and would be more than proud to hear directly from you, he has a store of minor details of your campaigns that is truly remarkable after the lapse of so many years, Stowe, Stone, DA & JL McRae and Sergeant Major Smith George E & myself are the only members of the old 28th that I know to be or have been residents of this State.
It would certainly be a great pleasure to your Brigade if you would write up a history of each regiment composing it and have it published in [convenient] form for preservation, if you will undertake it be assured of all the assistance you may require at my hands. I can furnish you the original muster roll of Co "E" If you are contributing articles to any publication please let me know that I may become a subscriber When I can serve you in any manner, Command me.
Gen James H Lane, Wilmington NC.


Mark Winterbottom's IRWIN Racing 2019 Virgin Australia Supercars Championship Livery has broken cover at the Season Launch in Mount Waverley.
At today's reveal at the team's Mount Waverley Garage, Winterbottom, Steve Richards and Charlie Schwerkolt uncovered the 2019 Livery surrounded by the team's valued sponsors.
Equipment, Pulsar, Kenworth, Credence Insurance, Ball & Doggett, Waverley Forklifts, P1 Racegear, PPG, Bolle Safety, High Sierra and OzWide Joinery and new sponsors ActronAir and Barry Bourke Holden.
"I love the livery! It's great to see a good-looking car full of great sponsors that has a lot of credibility on it with national and global companies," Winterbottom said of the impressive livery.
Recently announced Co-Driver Steve Richards was also impressed with the sharp Livery and is keen to see it on the track at the Supercars pre-season test at Phillip Island next week.
all of Charlie's partners," Richards said.
"It's now time to get Frosty and the IRWIN Team on track and get some laps under their belt before the Championship kicks off in Adelaide.
"I cant wait to be there alongside them the whole time."
Team Owner Charlie Schwerkolt is extremely proud of the Number 18's Livery Reveal and is ecstatic at the positive feedback from today's Sponsor launch.
"Our new livery is bold and bright, it really stands out," Schwerkolt said of his team's new livery.
"The car is really clean and its striking appearance should standout exceptionally well on TV.
"There have been plenty of guesses around our new livery prior to the launch, none quite captured what we have achieved.
televised LIVE on Fox Sports.


text:
Q: NOPASSWD option not applying to second command I'm sure that I'm just missing something really simple here, but I have the following sudoers file where I'm intending certain users to be allowed to run a couple of commands as the repomgr user without a passphrase:
lambda@host:~$ sudo cat /etc/sudoers.d/repo
Cmnd_Alias REPO_LOAD_PASSPHRASE = /bin/bash -c /home/repomgr/preset-passphrase.sh
Cmnd_Alias REPO_PULL = /bin/bash -c /usr/bin/reprepro -b /var/packages/devel pull

%qa     ALL = (repomgr) NOPASSWD: REPO_LOAD_PASSPHRASE, \
              (repomgr) NOPASSWD: REPO_PULL

Now, the REPO_LOAD_PASSPHRASE command works fine; I run that and it doesn't prompt me for a password:
lambda@host:~$ sudo -K
lambda@host:~$ sudo -u repomgr -i /home/repomgr/preset-passphrase.sh
lambda@host:~$

However, the second command, the REPO_PULL command, continues to prompt me for a password despite the NOPASSWD setting:
lambda@host:~$ sudo -K
lambda@host:~$ sudo -u repomgr -i reprepro -b /var/packages/devel pull
[sudo] password for lambda:

If I check how sudo interprets it, indeed everything but the NOPASSWD is present for the second command:
lambda@host:~$ sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for lambda on this host:
    env_reset,
    secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin

User lambda may run the following commands on this host:
    (ALL : ALL) ALL
    (repomgr) NOPASSWD: /bin/bash -c /home/repomgr/preset-passphrase.sh,
    (repomgr) /bin/bash -c /usr/bin/reprepro -b /var/packages/devel pull

Why isn't this working? What would cause the NOPASSWD declaration to just be dropped from the second command?

A: I have Sudo-Version 1.8.7 and the problem does not appear here:
sudo -l
User hl may run the following commands on this host:
    (ALL) ALL
    (nobody) NOPASSWD: /bin/bash -c /home/repomgr/preset-passphrase.sh
    (nobody) NOPASSWD: /bin/bash -c /usr/bin/reprepro -b /var/packages/devel pull

So maybe that is just a bug which has already been fixed. Maybe you can work around that by two separate statements:
%qa     ALL = (repomgr) NOPASSWD: REPO_LOAD_PASSPHRASE
%qa     ALL = (repomgr) NOPASSWD: REPO_PULL

A: Well, yep, it sure was something obvious as to why it wasn't working. When I had fixed the bug that I needed to add /bin/bash -c to allow the use of -i, I hadn't changed the full path for the command, /usr/bin/reprepro, to what I was actually passing in, reprepro. Changing it to use the full path as below, or likewise changing the rule to only include the command, works fine.
lambda@host:~$ sudo -K
lambda@host:~$ sudo -u repomgr -i /usr/bin/reprepro -b /var/packages/devel pull

That still leaves the puzzle of why the NOPASSWD isn't showing up in the sudo -l query, but I've solved the actual problem.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
	SELECT * FROM states;

##2. Select all data for all regions.##
	SELECT * FROM regions;

##3. Select the state_name and population for all states.##
	SELECT state_name, population FROM states;

##4. Select the state_name and population for all states ordered by population. The state with the highest population should be at the top.##
	SELECT state_name, population FROM states ORDER BY population DESC;

##5. Select the state_name for the states in region 7.##
	SELECT state_name FROM states WHERE region_id = 7;

##6. Select the state_name and population_density for states with a population density over 50 ordered from least to most dense.##
	SELECT state_name, population FROM states WHERE population_density > 50 ORDER BY population_density ASC;

##7. Select the state_name for states with a population between 1 million and 1.5 million people.##
	SELECT state_name FROM states WHERE population BETWEEN 1000000 AND 1500000;

##8. Select the state_name and region_id for states ordered by region in ascending order.##
	SELECT state_name, region_id FROM states ORDER BY region_id ASC;

##9. Select the region_name for the regions with "Central" in the name.##
	SELECT region_name FROM regions WHERE region_name LIKE '%Central%';

##10. Select the region_name and the state_name for all states and regions in ascending order by region_id. Refer to the region by name. (This will involve joining the tables).##
	SELECT region_name, state_name FROM states JOIN regions ON states.region_id = regions.id ORDER BY region_id ASC;

****

#Release 6: Your Own Schema#
![Database schema for outfits - challenge 8.4 release 6](outfits_schema.png)

****

#Release 7: Reflect#
##What are databases for?##
Databases store data in a structured way, so that it can be easily searched and accessed in the future.

##What is a one-to-many relationship?##
A one-to-many relationship is a cardinality type.
In databases, each entity must be unique: In the outfit example ONE person may have MANY outfits. This doesn't mean that we want to duplicate the other non-outfit related information for each outfit this perosn has. In databases (as in other programming languages), we want to be DRY and avoid repetition at all costs! If for example you need to change the nickname of a person, you won't be required to update it for every line in the database.

##What is a primary key? What is a foreign key? How can you determine which is which?##
* A __primary key (PK)__ is a unique identifier for a record in a database. Every instance must have a primary key and this key must be unique for all the rows in that table.
* A __foreign key (FK)__ is a column in another table that refers to the primary key of another entity.
* You can distinguish PKs from FKs because they have to be unique. FKs don't have this requirement (you can have repetition of a value in the FK column)

##How can you select information out of a SQL database? What are some general guidelines for that?##
* You open the statement with SELECT and define which columns you want to return.
* You define which table you want to select from with the keyword FROM + table_name
* You apply conditional statements, ordering logic etc.
* You close the statement with a semi-colon ;


text:
The St. Francis de Sales Signature Set
https://tanbooks.com/content/FrancisDeSalesSet_Preview.pdf
Expected release date is Jan 31st 2023
The St. Francis de Sales Signature Set is representative of why St. Francis was so well-received during the Counter-Reformation, and indeed, throughout history since. One can easily see why he received the title "Doctor of Charity" from the works included (Introduction to the Devout Life, Consoling Thoughts, Sermons, and The Catholic Controversy), as each evidences his outpouring of love for all souls:
Introduction to the Devout Life showcases his efforts to help other souls love God like he did
Consoling Thoughts expresses his love for suffering souls in giving them solace and the exhortation to continue
His Sermons relay his daily care for his flock, preaching to them about the different aspects God's love
And finally, The Catholic Controversy demonstrates his apologetical love, exerting effort to win souls back to the Church
Perhaps more than any other saint, St. Francis preached the truth with love. His teachings, his works, and his very presence were consoling to those 72,000 lost souls of Switzerland and to millions more over the centuries. Now, with these four beautiful, hardbound, embossed volumes, it is our hope that they will offer hope and consolation to a new generation of Catholics and spur on greater love of God and neighbor.
Fr. Sebastian Walshe, OPraem
Fr. Sebastian Walshe, OPraem The St. Francis de Sales Signature Set
The Sermons of St. Francis de Sales: On Prayer (eBook)
The Sermons of St. Francis de Sales: For Lent (eBook)
The Sermons of St. Francis de Sales: For Lent
The Sermons of St. Francis de Sales: On Our Lady
The Sermons of St. Francis de Sales: On Prayer
Meditations on Death: Preparing for Eternity
The St. Alphonsus Liguori Set
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Cameron joined the Construction team at Core Talent after graduating in Law.
Building an extensive network of Clients & Candidates within Rail and Business Services, Cameron specialises in contract placements within the Mechanical & Engineering sector.
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text:
Q: Correct code matching I am performing a box-cox test and obtaining the lambda value. I then wanted to round this to 5d.p and set it so that if:
λ < 0.25 the transformation would be set as log
0.25 ≤ λ < 0.75 the transformation would be set to sqrt
0.75 ≤ λ there will be no transformation
here is the code that i had written:
Data.col<-c(5403.676,6773.505, 7231.117, 7835.552, 5236.710, 5526.619, 6555.782,11464.727, 7210.069, 7501.610, 8670.903,10872.935, 8209.023, 8153.393,10196.448,13244.502, 8356.733,10188.442,10601.322,12617.821, 11786.526,10044.987,11006.005,15101.946,10992.273,11421.189,10731.312)
transform.method <- format(round(BoxCox.lambda(Data.col, method = "loglik"), 5),nsmall=5)

log.values <- seq(0, 0.24999, by = 0.00001)
sqrt.values <- seq(0.25, 0.74999, by = 0.00001)

which.transform.log <- transform.method %in% log.values
which.transform.sqrt <- transform.method %in% sqrt.values

if (which.transform.log == "TRUE"){
  as.log <- "log"
  Data.new <- log(Data.col)
} else {
  if (which.transform.sqrt == "TRUE"){
    as.log <- "sqrt"
    Data.new <- sqrt(Data.col)
  } else {
    as.log <- "no"
    Data.new <- Data.col
  }
}

However the lambda is saying that it is 0.60000 but which.transform is outputting "FALSE" saying that there isnt a match in sqrt.values
can you see what is going wrong, and also if there is an easier way of doing this?
Edit:
I have tried setting transform.method to 0.1 and it results in TRUE as a match in log.values...so i dont understand why it isnt working for 0.6
thankyou :)

A: what about something like:
trans<- round(BoxCox.lambda(Data.col, method = "loglik"),5)
categ<-as.character( c(cut(trans,c(0,0.25,0.75,Inf),right=FALSE)) )
Data.new<-switch(categ,
    "1"=log(Data.col),
    "2"=sqrt(Data.col),
    "3"=Data.col
)

Then you can easily expand with more transformations. Feel free to remove the rounding.
And if you want to inspect which transformation you can always use:
c("log","sqrt","non")[as.numeric(categ)]

Regarding your code, you need to format the sequences as well, eg:
log.values <- format( seq(0, 0.24999, by = 0.00001),nsmall=5)
sqrt.values <- format(seq(0.25, 0.74999, by = 0.00001),nsmall=5)

But I would strongly recommend you to do it in a way like the one I suggested instead.


text:
Hutber's law
Hutber's law states that "improvement means deterioration". It is founded on the cynical observation that a stated improvement actually hides a deterioration.
The term has seen wide application in business, engineering, and risk analysis. It was first articulated in the 1970s by Patrick Hutber, an economist and journalist who was the City Editor for The Sunday Telegraph in London from 1966 to 1979.
Adages named after people
Law (principle)
List of eponymous laws
Unintended consequence
Hutber's law quoted in the House of Commons, 1990
Passing reference to Hutber's law
"Not a Credit to the Banks." Daily Mail. 12 April 1992, p. 6
"Leading Article: Figuring it Out," The Guardian. 15 April 1994, p. 21.
The Scotsman. 13 Sept. 1994.
Tim Satchell. "Patience is the hardest virtue: Tim Satchell explains why it took two years to secure the money he was owed." Daily Telegraph. 20 January 2001, p. 06.
"Pay any price to beat poverty." New Statesman. 26 November 2001.
Abilene paradox
Butterfly effect
Campbell's law
Cobra effect
Counterintuitive
CSI effect
Externality
Excess burden of taxation
Failure mode and effects analysis
Goodhart's law
Hawthorne effect
Hydra effect
Inverse consequences
Jevons paradox
Osborne effect
Parable of the broken window
Perverse incentive
Risk compensation
Self-defeating prophecy
Self-refuting idea
Social trap
Streisand effect
Tyranny of small decisions
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This page was last edited on 1 April 2018, at 20:43 (UTC).