"Fake It 'Til You Make It" = Lying?
One of my colleagues at work is often heard advising those who attend her workshops to, 'Fake it 'til you make it'. This advice when taken out of context can sound like she's giving people the green light to outright lie – lie about their experience, education, skills etc. Wow, such advice could really land someone in hot water, not to mention put a company in jeopardy if what the person is faking is serious enough.
Now me personally, I don't like this phrase at all, and for the very point I just made above. The message intended may be quite different from the message received by listeners and unless clarified, they could walk away telling others that Kelly says it's okay to lie on the résumé, at the interview or on the job.
As an Employment Counsellor imparting knowledge, opinions and suggesting actions, it's not always clear that the information we pass on is understood by those receiving the messages although we often assume exactly that.
Last evening I was talking with a friend and she suddenly said she'd had a tough day at work but, "I'll fake it 'til I make it'. What she was referring to was that she hadn't had the time she'd planned on to prepare for the evenings play practice. We are both involved in a production of, 'The Little Mermaid' and were scheduled for choreography of a musical number.
We had a chat – albeit brief – conversation about this phrase, and she used a great example. As an experienced Nurse, she often mentors some new to the profession, and every so often one will say they are afraid of injecting a needle and taking blood from a patient for the first time. "Fake it 'til you make it" is her advice. In other words, she's advising that the Nurse act like she's done this many times and that it's not a big deal. By faking her own comfort level when in fact she might be squeamish or unsure of herself, she'll make things easier by comforting the patient and eventually she will find the process routine. Were she to say that this was her first time taking blood and let her nervousness show, that lack of confidence might stress the patient and the combination of a nervous Nurse with a needle and a worried patient could go badly.
In this scenario, it is clear that the, 'fake it 'til you make it' advice is appropriate.
However, with some people, faking something is often synonymous with lying. Faking that you're of legal drinking age by producing a modified birth certificate isn't acceptable. Neither is telling a Police Officer that you left your driver's licence at home by mistake when you don't have one, but are going for the test in a month or two. Faking and lying aren't the same in this context.
So here's the essential flaw in the imparting of any advice quite frankly; we don't always have a shared understanding with those we are speaking with. We may all speak the same language and understand how words are pronounced, but the context of how we use our words and our own past experiences will often dictate how we interpret the things we hear.
Now if we were to check each time we said something to those within earshot to make sure they understood things the way we intended, our conversations would be very long and drawn out and we'd communicate much less than we do now. It would be a huge outlay of energy to constantly ask people to paraphrase what we've just said each and every time to ensure complete understanding.
As for job searching, faking that we have a diploma, degree or specific certification required by an employer is never okay under any circumstance. If you don't have a certificate but you're planning on taking the course within a few days, your advised to state that clearly and upfront. Sure you expect to pass that First Aid or Health and Safety course, but what if your plans are derailed with a family emergency and you can't even attend? Then what? You didn't attend, you don't have the certificate and the next opportunity to take it isn't for some time but you told the employer you'd be happy to present your certificate to them the next day. You're off to a bad start in this new relationship if you've misled them on your credentials. Suddenly everything you've said comes under suspicion.
As for employer's themselves, they've been burned too many times to just take the good word of applicants and extend them the full trust they'd like to. They ask for proof of credentials like hard copies of education and call up your references solely because they need to verify the claims you make. Past candidates have been, 'faking' credentials and exposed companies to risk and unfortunately this practice seems still in vogue by some job seekers.
Don't fake that you know how to run some dangerous machinery and count on learning on the job to figure it out. You might injure someone, possibly kill someone (no exaggeration), shut down a plant and throw people out of work, all because you tried to 'fake it 'til you made it'.
In the right context I get it; however, use clearer ways of expressing the idea behind the phrase for a mutual and therefore better understanding of your intended message.
One's age is an interesting factor when it comes to finding employment. It can help you or hurt you; disqualify you or land you in the running. Ironically, it's something that's never supposed to be revealed or inquired about in an interview – unless of course age is a legal requirement such as a position serving alcohol.
While age isn't supposed to be raised verbally, it sure is taken into consideration by the person or people conducting interviews. I mean, it has to be doesn't it? As soon as you come into visual contact with a representative of the company you are about to interview with, you're being assessed. That brief look as you move towards each other is taking in all kinds of information; hair colour, skin tone, muscle/fat proportions, walking gait, how hard or easy it seems for you to stand, the speed of your walk, the purity or blotches of your skin, your smile, the health of your teeth, bags or lack thereof under your eyes, thickness or thinning hair, stooping or straight up posture. Whew! That's a lot to take in over the course of 10 seconds!
Notice how all the above are observations made based completely on non-verbal signals you've put out there to the interviewer. Once you open your mouth and speak, more information is available such as the tone, power and volume of your voice, the clarity or not of your words, your vocabulary; your overall energy.
In another 10 seconds, all this information – and more – is sent by you and picked up on by the interviewer. At this point, you've now given them enough information – and it's been about 20 seconds mind – that they've formed an opinion of you and compared that to what they've settled on as the kind of person they are after. That opening impression if good is something for you to build upon. If that opening impression is a miss, you've got the rest of your time together to alter it, and believe me, altering someone's first impression of you when you only have one meeting with them is much harder than you'd like it to be.
There are many people both young and old who lament the age discrimination. Some who are young feel their age suggests a total lack of work experience, immaturity, little life experience, and a future full of mistakes, errors, poor judgement, lack of responsibility and commitment to a solid work ethic. Older workers worry they are discriminated against because they are judged as set in their ways, slowing down, drawing on health benefits to the extreme, out of date with developments and not interested in any personal development. Oh and let's not even talk about technology.
The paradox re. age is that younger people sometimes wish they came across as more mature while older workers wish they presented as 10 or 15 years younger. Both groups recognize the advantages of the other. Younger people if we buy in to the stereotypes, are healthier, more energetic, technologically tuned in, are open vessels to teach and they look more vibrant and enthusiastic. Older workers have experience the young lack; both life and work. Older workers also have the benefit of having learned from their mistakes and they make less of them.
Here's the thing though…we are who we are. If you're 22, you're 22. If you're 56, you're 56; it's a given. However, as we all know, there are some 22 year olds who act like their 17 and some who act like they are 28. There are some 56 year olds with the energy and vitality of those in their mid-forties and some 56 year olds who move as if they are picking out their coffins on the weekend. Age alone then, isn't the definitive factor that we might at first believe it to be. What is essential to recognize what we can control which will in turn help create the first impression we want others to formulate when meeting us.
The clothes we choose to wear send signals. Do the clothes fit properly and are they right for the conversation we are about to have. While it might not be flattering to think about, we have to also take a good look at our bodies because others will. Are you willing to lose or gain weight if you'd appear healthier or your clothes would fit better? Or would maintaining your weight but shifting some fat to muscles create a more vibrant you? If you're an older fellow with a scruffy beard maybe shaving everyday would immediately take off 5 years? Maybe, maybe not.
This isn't about pretending to be someone you're not. This is about projecting a desirable image so that you become attractive to the interviewer – professionally attractive; so they can visualize you as a positive addition to the organization. Lest you think you are somehow selling out to change-up who you are just to impress someone, think again. You'd likely put some effort into your appearance if you knew you were having a date with someone, and if it was at the end of the month, you might do all you could between now and then to come across in the best possible way.
Of course you can ignore all of this advice and just say, "I am who I am and if they don't like me that's their problem." But then again, you're not investing yourself in this potential relationship now are you?
Nothing stimulates conversation in the office like the impending début of a new co-worker. Well, okay; maybe the juicy bits about what led to the dismissal of their predecessor takes precedent. Still, the buzz about the office will create some energy.
People will wonder first of all who it is – guy or woman. Then it'll be what they'll bring to the team. Are they fresh out of university, a year or two away from retirement or somewhere in the middle? What kind of personality will the new person have and will they fit in or not? Are they going to add to the chemistry or shake things up. Whoever walks in the door on Monday morning will not just be new and different, they'll represent the direction Management expects to move in. After all, if the person arriving is young and inexperienced, they might be wanting new blood, new ideas and fresh thinking. Conversely, bring in a staunch conservative thinker and the message is to stay the course.
A new co-worker in the workplace is interesting to most people but none more so than the employee who is destined to share their office or sit next to in the adjoining cubicle. I mean come on, the new employee will be looking around and taking their cues from the existing staff around them right?
Now unless you've been off on a 4 week vacation and you arrive to a, "Welcome aboard newbie!" banner in your work area, you can pretty much figure most employers are going to give you a heads up when the person is assigned to be your new mate. You might even get invited in for one of those informal chats. The chat? Come on, you know; the talk where you're flattered a bit and then told that because of your experience and personality, you're to take the newbie under your wing and spend some time with them making sure they fit in and get the low down on ways and practices.
So there you are Monday morning with a little more starch in your shirt, your desk a tad more organized than usual and you've made sure you brushed AND flossed with more attention before leaving home. You're flattered perhaps that you've been selected to be the welcoming committee and Tour Guide. So why is it you feel nervous, a little more pressure, maybe even intimidated? You're the one with the seniority here and you're the one with the ideas; the go-to gal or guy.
Yep, you've got this unusual and unnatural tension rising from somewhere and it's got nothing to do with the extra bran you consumed. Nope, this pressure is stemming from the unknown about to walk in and assert themselves into your space. Maybe they'll know more than you about trends, technology or have better connections. Could be they have been brought in to shake things up, and who knows what implications that could hold for you.
Wait a minute; hold on here. Is this guesswork doing you any good? Nope, letting your imagination run wild with possibilities and projecting your fears onto some newcomer is hardly fair. They are likely stressed (in a good way it's hoped) and intimidated by the thought of meeting all new people. In fact, they might be worried they'll forget people's names .7 seconds after hearing them and then look foolish going around saying, "And you are…? Sorry…." for the next week to everyone they think they should know.
You've got responsibility here; it's your job to be the face of the organization, set the tone, introduce this newbie to the gang and get them settled in. The last thing you should be doing at this point – without even having met them yet – is planning on sabotaging their first days so they don't get off to a good start. To do so might just backfire on you anyhow, and soon you could be made to feel pretty bad by your own co-workers who don't share your suspicious nature.
Think back to when you started. What did you want and need to know? Okay so where do you put your belongings like overcoats, boots, a purse or wallet? Is there a key for your desk and if so, who has duplicates that work it? Where's the washrooms and can you use company equipment for your personal use – such as wi-fi, downloading content from the web onto your computer or just checking out a YouTube video? Best to ask and not presume.
You're going to be shaking their hand any moment; likely when you're called down to the bosses office and introduced to your shadow. Shades of your teenage years come back to you as you recall the responsibility of having to show some distant cousin around and essentially made their guardian. Ha! That wasn't such a great time now was it? This has to be better – doesn't it?
There they are, seated across from the boss and they look approachable. They rise, shake your hand and flash a warm smile; you distrust them instinctively. No! Bad you! No! Give them a chance. Years from now you might be relying on this co-worker for help keeping your job! Why they could hold seasons tickets, be related to the CEO or have plans to treat you to lunch. Well they could!
New co-worker? Welcome them with sincerity and get to know them. It'll work out.
Whether it's after a workshop or someone has dropped in unannounced and would like a word in my office, when someone draws up a chair beside me, these three are close at hand. Invariably, their eyes take in the objects and they make some comment. Picking up on whatever they say, a conversation ensues. Usually I'll ask them which of the three speaks to them, or which of the three is the most important to them and why.
The compass you see provides direction; it not only helps you find your way when you're lost, it can help keep you on track when you know which way you're headed. The magnifying glass brings things which are small and hard to see into focus; enlarging them. The clock? Well the clock never stops does it? Time is moving on and the seconds that pass as we talk about time can never be reclaimed or experience again once they've ticked past. Time? Time to get going. Lest you see the clock as only marking regret for time lost, the clock can also be a blessing if it reminds a person they have time ahead of them as well; time to spend.
Now the thing about the three is that neither is more important than the other, but to any one person at the point we meet, one will take on greater importance than the others. To someone confused about their career direction, what they want to achieve or do – the compass and the direction it implies is what they want more than anything. To someone with multiple barriers or so many things going on in their life they find it difficult to give their job search the focus it requires, the magnifying glass speaks. The clock maybe not surprisingly, speaks more to the mature or older people who take up the seat next to me. Younger people in their 20's say, well, they believe they have all the time in the world; certainly enough that the clock isn't as ominous as it will be one day.
It was out in a store during a busy Christmas shopping trip that I spied the three. They weren't assembled as you see them in the photo here. No, they were in various parts of the store, but it was the line of work I'm in and the conversations I have many of that first brought to mind the idea of assembling them together. My brain just works this way; always thinking of creative ideas. Even now as I write, I think about the old-fashioned journals so popular in book stores, and how one of these and a quill pen might be good additions, for those who'd like a fresh page to begin writing the stories that make up a life. However, maybe my desk might get a little cluttered?
They are pretty good conversation starters though. The nice thing is that I don't have to actually say anything to get conversations going. While we talk walking down to my office, sometimes I'll take just a fraction of a minute to let them get settled in as I load their personal file or feign moving a few things around on the desk to give them room. The objects before them draw their attention in and while most just make a remark, some will ask if they can hold one. "Why that one?" I'll ask.
And that's all it takes. It's not so much about the ones a person didn't take up or talk about, even though all three are important. No, the most important thing is just to listen and comment on what I hear. A question here or there; sometimes what they share is better, more relevant and certainly much quicker delivered than had I asked a slew of questions. In fact, a litany of questions might come out more like an interrogation!
Work spaces are very personal areas. Do you have pictures, quotes, maybe a combination of the two, other articles etc. that draw out or inspire conversation? Would you be willing to chime in with a comment about what you strategic place in your work area, why you've chosen what you have and the impact of those things on those who come into your space?
It would be interesting to share, to read and perhaps for some to copy. I'm sure I'm not the only one to have objects around them for conversation; possibly others even have the same three objects as I do. Sometimes, I move the clock so it faces me and I substitute in an hourglass. Same kind of device to mark the passing of time; the thing about the hourglass is people like to flip it over. so it becomes interactive. Time appears to stop when the last crystal of sand drops, but of course it stops no more than the clock does when it's battery expires. Time marches on.
These I have penned about before, so if my musings sound reminiscent of a post past, good for you for recognizing the recurring theme. The interesting thing is sometimes a person returns to my office after some time and they suddenly recall the three, and they remark how their priorities have shifted. That's groovy.
Remember that special person you never told how you really felt? Of course you do because after all this time you just can't get them out of your head for very long. You wish now you could go back and tell them how much they had an impact on you, how much you loved them perhaps, and you wonder if/how things might have worked out differently if you had.
It's wondering, 'what if' that tantalizes; because it ignites possibilities of what might have happened had shared your thoughts openly. Ah, but you were scared, nervous and afraid of blurting something out you'd come to later regret. Ironically, after all these years, here you are now regretting the words you left unspoken.
It's very much like that in other situations too; although the people we neglect to say what's on our mind to aren't just potential sweethearts. No, sometimes we find we lose job opportunities to others and later wish we had said a few more things at the job interview. This is often especially the case if we sincerely wanted a job bad. It would have been perfect and you have wanted a job like that in a long time, so when the news came that they went with someone else, it hit like a truck. If only you had said what you were feeling, things might have worked out differently.
Or perhaps there was someone you really valued in your past; that person who made a big impact on you. Perhaps it was their influence that set you on the path you later took or are taking now. A teacher, a father or mother, a mentor or some person who inspired you to think differently, perceive things in a new light. You never said how much you appreciated them and now their gone. Whether they passed on, moved away, have dementia and don't recognize you, or you moved away yourself, the opportunity to tell them how you feel is lost.
Now the only thing worse would be finding yourself in this situation here in the present. You know, feeling so strongly about someone you see in the here and now daily, but feeling timid, awkward, embarrassed or anxious about sharing how you feel. You're so worried about ruining things or spoiling your chances that you go on being around them in silence. You wonder, "What's wrong with me? Why can't I just open my mouth, pour out how I feel? Tell them?" Of course in your mind you worry about creating a wide divide, making things weird, learning that your feelings aren't reciprocated and as long as you don't do anything…you'll at least have what you have now – which is something.
Opportunities to step up and voice your true feelings pop up every day; but not forever. Take your work environment. You really value the support of a co-worker; they've passed on knowledge to you, covered for you when you weren't at your best, listened to you share your frustrations, applauded your accomplishments and even motivated you when you needed it. There they are beside you every day, and having a real heart-to-heart with genuine sincerity, telling them how much they mean to you sounds both the right thing to do but maybe the weird thing to do.
Really though, what's so weird? How long have you worked together? All those years and the hours you've spent in each other's company? Why should it be weird to shut the door and say, "Hey listen, I want to tell you how much you mean to me, and I'm being serious." You'll likely catch them off guard, and they might use humour to deflect their real feelings, but they'll likely also be grateful. What they feel in any event is up to them. You'll feel better knowing you expressed your feelings and took that chance instead of regretting saying nothing. Then they retire, take another job, move or have an unexpected long-term medical leave etc. and you lose touch; opportunity lost.
I mentioned the job interview earlier. How many times have you walked out of an interview and suddenly said in your mind, "Oh, why didn't I just say _____?Should I walk back in? Should I follow-up with an email or phone call? I really want that job! I'd LOVE working there so why did I find it so hard to tell them how bad I really want it!
Sometimes its convention and decorum that gets in the way. It seems somehow inappropriate to tell someone how we really feel. On the other hand we also hear that employers want people who are passionate about the work they do. So when you do find something you're passionate about; a job or company you're sincerely excited to work for and will invest yourself with fully, why not just open your mouth and express that.
Just like that mentor, potential love interest, teacher, co-worker etc., you've got a limited window to risk expressing how you feel. They won't stick around forever, and the time will never be any better than it is now – today. If you've waited for a sign, this is it.
Look, hearing someone tell you how much they appreciate your support, your love, your encouragement, the opportunity to work with them etc.; it's all good. We need to get better at telling others just how much they mean to us. Few things are better.
When It's A Crazy Day, Roll With It!
Yesterday was one of those days, and not just for me, but for other members of my team at work.
I left home at the usual time; planning to get to work at 7:30a.m. even though I officially start at 8:00a.m. As I live 95 kilometres from work, that extra half hour is my safety buffer. In other words, anticipating any unexpected delays, I'll still get to work on time and never put myself in the position of using distance (my choice) as an excuse for arriving late.
I opted on this one day to travel south down highway 115 all the way to Highway 401 and then drive east into Oshawa Ontario. That trip along the 401 is the route taken by commuters heading into the Greater Toronto Area, and it typically slows down just after I exit in Oshawa. Funny thing is, I don't often go this way; and as it turns out I really shouldn't have gone this way yesterday. I arrived 10 minutes late; 40 minutes later than my typical arrival time mind you, but only the 10 minutes because of my pattern of arriving 30 minutes early every day just in case.
Then the fun really started. On my team of 13 (including a Supervisor and Team Clerk), 4 of my Employment Counsellor colleagues were not reporting in. That's a first; about 1/3 of the team. So you guessed it; what I thought I was doing on a Monday morning was out the window and I was called upon to facilitate a workshop with a group of young adults. I'd never done this particular workshop before, but years of facilitating upon which to fall back on had me feeling confident.
It wasn't always this way though; not by a long shot. Many years ago when I was fairly fresh on the scene, a big change first thing in the day would have been something I'd have balked at. Becoming more flexible and having a 'team-first' attitude is something I developed like any other skill. Yesterday that growth and development eased any anxiety with the change in plans. After all, I realized quickly it wouldn't just be me that was being affected but others on my team as well.
Just as I'm getting ready to begin, a colleague needed my help getting a presentation to launch using an overhead projector. Late last week our IT department was downloading an update of Office 365; could that be the reason for the situation? Anyhow it took 10 minutes to help out there and back I went.
Now really, I've got little to complain about. In the grand scheme of things many people have far worse days than I. And there lies the lesson; see the big picture. It's not always easy to do mind; in the moment when you first hear news that's going to change your schedule, it's easy to immediately think about your own situation and be trapped in the moment at hand. The real key to successfully transitioning from what you had planned to what you're going to now do is to think macro; see the big picture.
I mean, I'm still getting paid, the minutes and hours will pass, everyone will survive and the missing staff will return the following day (hopefully) and life will go on. Big deal. Adapt. Stretch yourself Kelly. It'll be good for your growth.
Here's the thing when you get thrown curveballs; you know in the end you'll be doing whatever it is your being asked or told to do by your Supervisor. The quicker you get on board with the news, the more time you have to prepare; and time to prepare is precisely what you're anxious about. So accepting quickly and turning to the job at hand is the best way to succeed. It's also being a good team member and colleague. But we don't all deal with change – change that upsets our plans that is – well.
Today is going to be interesting. You see I'm now in another city altogether – Kingston Ontario at an Employment Forum, along with some of my colleagues. The ones who were off yesterday can't count on four of us today, so if they call in absent, either programs get cancelled or other staff on other teams would have to pitch in as possible. Now that would be very disrupting to their days!
It's funny how a day later, the angst of yesterday pales with the rising sun of today. Not such a big deal. Even as I write about it, I think readers like you will think it wasn't a big deal in the first place. In the moment though, for some it can be. Ever heard of the saying, 'This too shall pass'? No matter what is happening at any one moment that has you worried, you'll survive it; it will pass into yesterday, last week, last month etc. and diminish with each new experience you meet.
Well, the day ended beautifully; a nice dinner for the first time with colleagues, a good night sitting around a fire with an Orange Pekoe in hand, and good conversation to boot. After a sound sleep I'm ready for the day ahead and looking forward to learning whatever I can from our Employment Forum. Sure hope there's new and tangible things to take back and implement.
Right now however, it's time to suit up and hit the pool for an early morning dip before breakfast. Yippee!


text:
Live er et livealbum af The Dubliners optager i Sheffield udgivet af Polydor i 1974.
De medvirkende er Ronnie Drew, Luke Kelly, Barney McKenna, Ciaran Bourke og John Sheahan. Det blev Ronnie Drew's sidste album med The Dubliners de næste fem år, da han startede som soloartist.
Ligeledes blev sidste album, hvor Ciaran Bourke var fuldtids medlem af gruppen, da han fik en hjerneblødning. Han synger "All for Me Grog" på albummet.

Nummeret "Fairmoye Lasses and Sporting Paddy" som er det første nummer på pladen, er senere blevet den melodi The Dubliners starter de fleste af deres koncerter med. Det kommer oprindeligt fra albummet A Drop of the Hard Stuff fra 1969.

Albummet blev genudgivet i 1977 under navnet "Dubliners Live".

Spor

Side Et
 "Fairmoye Lasses and Sporting Paddy"
 "Black Velvet Band"
 "Whiskey in the Jar"
 "All for the Grog"
 "The Belfast Hornpipe/Tim Maloney"
 "The Four Poster Bed/Colonel Rodney"
 "Finnegan's Wake"
 "McAlpine's Fusiliers"

Side To
 "Seven Drunken Nights"
 "Reels – Scholar/Teetotaller/The High Reel"
 "Home Boys Home"
 "Dirty Old Town"
 "Blue Mountain Rag"
 "The Wild Rover"
 "Weile Waile"
 "The Holy Ground"

Referencer

The Dubliners-livealbum
Livealbum fra 1974

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sidcot School has made huge savings in CO2 emissions by converting inefficient oil boilers, supplying space heating and hot water, to Hargassner biomass boilers.
The decision to convert the oil boilers to biomass with gas back-up is based on reducing the CO2 emissions of the school by using biomass fuel which can save 93% of emissions by oil heating or up to 97.5% if low carbon footprint pellets are sourced saving around 167 tonnes CO2/year.
Leading Energy has helped Sidcot manage this conversion by using existing building space integrated into the main school and avoiding any additional outside plant rooms with the removal of the oil tanks allowing a better view of the frontage of this listed building. The contractors Aston Cord have worked at speed with the boiler supplier Wood Energy to ensure the RHI rate was captured prior to the July 15 degression.


HONG KONG (AP) — As China-U.S. trade talks resume in Washington, China says it is dropping an anti-dumping investigation into imported U.S. sorghum, saying it is not in the public interest.
The Commerce Ministry said in a statement Friday that it was ending the probe because it concluded that "anti-dumping and countervailing measures" on imports would have affected the cost of living for Chinese consumers.
The ministry started investigating U.S. sorghum earlier this year after finding that large volumes and falling prices hurt Chinese producers.
The probe had sparked fears among American farmers that they would lose their largest export market for the crop.
The announcement comes as senior Chinese and U.S. officials hold more talks in Washington aimed at averting a trade war between the world's two biggest economies.


Despite certain and rather persistent rumors, President Snow would like to assure all Capitol citizens that there are no rebellions or incidents taking place within any of the districts of Panem. Capitol scientists have studied the spring migrations of the Mockingjay and have determined that a poisoned flock is entirely responsible for spreading misinformation among outer Capitol regions as well as in certain sections of Districts 1 and 2.
If you see or hear any poisoned Mockingjays, please contact your neighborhood Peacekeeper immediately. Do not approach the birds, as they are very dangerous and riddled with disease.
Now, on to the festivities!
This year shall prove to be the greatest yet. If the reaping is any indication, the tributes seem stronger and more determined than ever before. And though the official odds and statistics have yet to be fully weighted and released, the office of President Snow has suggested that residents all over Panem celebrate by throwing themed Hunger Games parties that honor all 12 Districts.
If one needs to refamiliarize themselves with each district, we suggest visiting Amazon to learn Suzanne Collins' history of the events ($30.98), purchase an illustrated guide ($7.99) to this year's tributes or get further insight into the Hunger Games' basic rules and regulations ($11.53), which may help you when placing bets.
A fun and hilarious way to engage members of your party is to encourage them to take on the persona of a district resident! Official Gamekeepers suggest printing out a large map of Panem to affix to your wall. When your guests arrive, ask them to close their eyes, spin around and point to a section of the map. For the rest of the night, that person will be a member of their chosen district!
Keep a jar filled with diamond dust on hand to give your partygoers that special sheen. Expensive perfumes, glitter and gold accessories would also work if you do not have enough dust to spare.
In addition to providing us with needed stones and weapons, this is also home to our glorious Peacekeepers. Pay tribute to them by providing district members with whips and helmets.
Give your guests a calculator and ask them to do great engineering feats!
Any member from this district should feel right at home with fishing nets, seaweed and a trident.
Wrap your guest in a string of lights, though we have heard that many similar costumes have been linked to post-meal electrocutions when one excuses himself or herself to vomit afterward. They may also have difficult moving around the party, though this seems like a silly price to pay to achieve the proper glow.
If you have Morphling handy, give it to these guests, so that they may take on their district's mannerisms and habits for the night. If not, provide an assortment of yellow dyes, so that guests may obtain the proper shade of their district's residents. Delightful!
Provide pine needles and other forest scents as well as a shirt or dress made from bark.
Give out thimbles, thread, needles and other sewing accessories. Then make your guests take care of everyone's new costumes! Just wonderful!
A long-stemmed blade of wheatgrass will let everyone know who is from the breadbasket of Panem. If you cannot find wheat in time, we recommend giving out breadbaskets for partygoers to carry around.
Cow horns should be given out to males, while women should be offered the dress of a milkmaid.
Make earrings out of grapes and apples and then encourage other guests to try to "pick" their own snacks.
Offer soot and other coal-based powders to these district members.
Once a district has been selected, point your guest to the delicacies of their new region. Lucky members of District 4 will feast on an array of fresh seafood and seaweed breads, while the "new" residents of District 11 will enjoy crescent-shaped rolls and fresh vegetables. Those in District 10 should eat steak, and anyone who is representing District 12 should be offered a flask of scotch in honor of the district's oldest victor, Haymitch Abernathy. For more ideas, we highly suggest that you consult this recipe book ($11.97).
If the night progresses and your party decides to reenact scenarios from previous Hunger Games, the Office of Parties and Joyful Events suggests using the Capitol-approved Training Days Strategy Game ($25.31). Additionally, all Capitol residents should know that attempting to create one's own Hunger Games is paramount to treason and an affront to the brilliant efforts of the very talented and creative Gamemakers.
I volunteer! I volunteer to party!
That was…intense. And I don't mean to be obsessive, but technically Haymitch isn't the oldest victor of District 12, he's just the oldest LIVING victor (Katniss said the first was one of 16 victors to die before the 75th Annual Hunger Games).


text:
Each legion is headed by a general, or Legatus; they're modeled after the legions of the Roman Empire. Gaius led the XIVth Imperial Legion, again, because Final Fantasy XIV
Questions about the Garlean Empire
The reason it seems off to you just stems from a misconception about how the legions are built and numbered (as far as we know(?).
You seem to be interested in the big picture, though, so let's go over it! (I'll even include the relevant info you missed from 1.0).
The information we have so far suggests that there are currently fourteen Garlean Imperial Legions (because Final Fantasy XIV, the number just comes up a lot in this game, as do seven and twelve because they come up in real-world mythology a lot, too). Some official descriptions say the legions are "countless," so either SE is leaving the door open for mentions of legions that tie thematically into later games, or that's just an erroneous "Eorzean" assumption. As far as we know, all of the current legions existed even before the capture of Ala Mhigo, formed during the wars to unify Ilsabard and conquer Othard.
Each legion is headed by a general, or Legatus; they're modeled after the legions of the Roman Empire. Gaius led the XIVth Imperial Legion, again, because Final Fantasy XIV; he was the first emblematic antagonist of this game. Similarly, Nael van Darnus, Legatus of the VIIth Legion, shared some thematic similarities with Sephiroth of Final Fantasy VII. Furthermore, we just met Legatus Regula van Hydrus of the VIth Legion, because the whole Flying Continent / Warring Triad thing heavily ties into the themes explored in Final Fantasy VI.
In Version 1.0, we didn't know any of this, at first. It was just "The Empire is coming," and then we bumped into Gaius in Mor Dhona and only really got his name. The distinction between legions, if I remember correctly, didn't come up until Nael van Darnus showed up.
Gaius was famous for his successes - he'd slain so many people who conspired to take the crown from Solus zos Galvus (nine) that his blade was named Heirsbane. He was responsible for four cities falling to Imperial rule before he was tasked with commencing the wars in the Western Theatre by securing Ala Mhigo as a Garlean foothold in Eorzea. As far as we know, the XIVth spearheaded this invasion while the other legions were deployed elsewhere (the VIIth was in the Eastern Theatre, Othard, at the time). We don't know of legion numbers changing or leaders shifting around.
However, once he'd accomplished this, the homeland supplemented his forces and the Armada sailed on Silvertear Lake to secure the aetherial center of the realm in hopes of preventing primals from being summoned. The whole thing failed - Midgardsormr took out the flagship, dragons routed the Armada, and by the time damage control was performed, primals had begun to appear in Eorzea. Gaius was ordered to withdraw to rule and fortify Ala Mhigo until a solution could be found.
Nael van Darnus promised this answer, so the the Emperor ordered Gaius and the XIVth to support the VIIth, who led the 1572 invasion. Gaius wasn't very happy about it; not only did his pride take a beating, but he was the first to see that something was ... off ... about his new superior. The Emperor no longer trusted him to complete his tasks and didn't heed his advice. Gaius tried very hard to persuade Nael to abandon the Meteor project, which it was believed would annihilate Eorzea with a massive spacerock, because he thought it was profane - beneath them. He didn't like the idea of the Three Great Continents being united under Garlean rule by raising a flag over a barren land of ash and calling it victory. By the time he realized that Nael was misleading them all, it was too late to do anything about it within the Empire itself.
Instead, Gaius committed well-camouflaged acts treason. He shot down one of Nael's airships (which contained information relative to the Castrum being built in Mor Dhona as well as the equipment housed there which was being used to bring Dalamud down) and disguised it as an Eorzean Alliance success. Gaius' subtle sabotage of Nael's operation led to Darnus being slain. After the remnants of the VIIth Legion, who thought Nael truly was close to godliness by he end, entrenched themselves in Mor Dhona (to prevent Louisoix's hail-mary plan to stop the moon's fall), Gaius took what remained of the XIVth and withdrew to Ala Mhigo to left everyone to their fates. He even bid farewell to the adventurer who would one day be known as "The Warrior of Light" and wished them luck in the Battle of Cartenau, saying to "leave him something worth conquering."
Final Fantasy XIV Celebrates Three Years of A Realm Reborn, Looks Towards 4.0
It's been three years since Square Enix relaunched Final Fantasy XIV as A Realm Reborn and the MMO is celebrating with The Rising, an in-game event. From Saturday, August 27 to September 12, players can speak to the Crystal Caravan Leader at the Steps of Nald in Ul'dah to gain access to a host of the in-game items. Square Enix is also planning a 14-hour livestream event for the anniversary, starting on Friday, August 26 at 8 pm (PDT).
Let's talk individual stats in Final Fantasy XIV
But that isn't how things are in FFXIV. In FFXIV, the so called DPS deal a mere 20-30% more damage than Tanks and Healers. Bards and Machinists have been called obsolete because Tanks are so close to their DPS
Final Fantasy XIV Relic zeta will hold you over until level 55
Once I hit lvl 60 it took me 2 days to get the lvl 180 law bow. The 180 law bow is unquestionably better than the 170 Bismark EX bow drop, but ravana bow is the best (ilvl 190).
Fantasy XIV in the 3.5 patch update – which is scheduled for release January 2017
The threat of the Warriors of Darkness is no more. Unexpected reunions salve the ache of bittersweet farewells. And with their ranks further bolstered by the official induction of Alisaie and Krile, once more do the Scions of the Seventh Dawn set their feet upon fate's path and their gaze upon distant horizons.
FFXIV ARR Conjurer and White Mage are good introductions to healing in general
As for the dungeon, Haukke manor can be tricky if you're not level 30. Most healers don't get their second heal until 30, so you will need to use some extra tricks if you need to burst heal.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The colorful pot marigold, Calendula officinalis, can provide a soothing balm to rough, dry or irritated skin. The Hungarian calendula is the flower used in My Girls™ Skin Care calendula cream. Once known by such colorful names as Gold-Bloom, Holligold, Pot Marigold and Marybud, calendulas are not actually related to garden marigolds, but belong to the same family as daisies, chrysanthemums and ragweed. The cheerful gold, yellow and orange flowers have been used in skin creams and salves for thousands of years. Native to the Eastern Europe, calendula flowers have spread widely and now brighten gardens all over the world.
The University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) notes that calendula petals are loaded with flavonids, a type of plant-based antioxidants. Antioxidants protect against unstable molecules in the body -- called free radicals -- that can damage skin cells. For example, the active ingredients in calendula petals include beta-carotene – a well-known strong antioxidant and the same thing that makes carrots and squash orange. Calendula also helps fight against inflammation, according to the UMMC. Calendula can help increase water content in the skin and improve skin firmness. Research has shown active ingredients in calendula help increase blood flow and oxygen to irritated or damaged areas, which can help promote new tissue growth.
Women who have breast cancer may develop irritated, inflamed skin from radiation therapy, a skin related side effect. Homeopathic doctors often recommend calendula cream to heal minor burns and sunburns and their helpful properties for the skin are documented in the U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoea. Medline Plus reports calendula cream may be effective for skin conditions like diaper rash or to reduce radiation dermatitis in people who are receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer. The 2005 practice guidelines from Cancer Care Ontario, in Ontario, Canada, recommended the use of calendula ointment to decrease the risk of a Grade 2 or higher skin reaction from radiation therapy. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center reports that calendula ointment reduced painful swelling and the irritation that often accompanies radiation therapy in breast cancer patients.
If you have a friend or relative facing radiation for breast cancer, it makes a perfect "I care about you" gift. A woman who is dealing with breast cancer needs all the support and affection she can get. My Girls™ Skin Cream has a texture very much like that of whipped cream. It is so soothing, many patients use it even after radiation therapy as a facial cream or general moisturizer. It can also soothe sun and wind burns or skin that is chafed, or reduce redness associated with facial treatments for ingown hairs, acne, eczema or rosacea.


text:
G2014 Appoints Scotland's Largest Security Company
The Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games will bring together thousands of elite athletes, volunteers and excited spectators to join an incredible festival of sport. SecuriGroup has been appointed to the safety and security framework for Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games. Allan Burnett QPM, SecuriGroup Operations Director said "SecuriGroup is the largest security company headquartered in Scotland and are looking forward to being involved in one of the biggest events in 2014."
SecuriGroup Provide Security For Blockbuster Movie
SecuriGroup's Events Division provided the location security for the filming of the eagerly anticipated blockbuster movie "Prometheus". The filming took place in January and i...
SGL Win Security Contract for Newcastle University Union
SecuriGroup's specialist Licensed Trade Division, SGL, has won the security contract for Newcastle University Students' Union. As the UK's leading students' union supplier thi...
The Angels' Share Appoints SGL
SecuriGroup's licensed trade division SGL, is supplying door supervisors to Edinburgh's most exciting new bar. The Angels' Share Hotel and Bar is named after the poetic term u...


text:
Q: DRF: How to pass extra context data to serializers I was searching the net and found the similar problem but it doesn't work in my case, Idk why.
I try to put some extra data to context in serializer, but get only 3 default fields: request, view and format and no mention for my custom data.
My model:
class Match(models.Model):

sender = models.ForeignKey(
    Client,
    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
    related_name='senders'
)
recipient = models.ForeignKey(
    Client,
    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
    related_name='recipients'
)

class Meta:
    app_label = 'clients'
    db_table = 'matches'
    verbose_name = 'match'
    verbose_name_plural = 'matches'
    constraints = [
        models.UniqueConstraint(
            fields=['sender', 'recipient'],
            name='unique_match'
        )
    ]

My Serializer:
class MatchSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

sender = serializers.HiddenField(default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault())

def validate(self, data):
    if data['sender'] == self.context['recipient']:
        raise serializers.ValidationError('You cannot match yourself')
    return data

def create(self, validated_data):

    return Match.objects.create(
        sender=validated_data['sender'],
        recipient=self.context['recipient']
    )

class Meta:
    model = Match
    fields = ['sender']`

My ModelViewSet:
class MatchMVS(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Match.objects.all()
    serializer_class = MatchSerializer
    http_method_names = ['post']
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]

    # without and with doesn't work
    def get_serializer_context(self):
        context = super(MatchMVS, self).get_serializer_context()
        context.update({
            "recipient": Client.objects.get(pk=23)
            # extra data
        })
        return context

    @action(detail=True, methods=['POST'], name='send_your_match')
    def match(self, request, pk=None):
        sender = request.user
        recipient = Client.objects.get(pk=pk)
        serializer = MatchSerializer(context={'request': request, 'recipient': recipient},
                                     data=request.data)

        data_valid = serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        if data_valid:
            recipient = serializer.save()

        is_match = Match.objects.filter(sender=recipient, recipient=sender).exists()
        if is_match:
            send_mail(
                f'Hello, {sender.first_name}',
                f'You got match with {recipient.first_name}! '
                f'Your`s partner email: {recipient.email}',
                settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER,
                [sender.email],
                fail_silently=False,
            )
            send_mail(
                f'Hello, {recipient.first_name}',
                f'You got match with {sender.first_name}! '
                f'Your`s partner email: {sender.email}',
                settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER,
                [recipient.email],
                fail_silently=False,
            )

            return Response(recipient.email, 201)
        else:
            return Response(f'Your sympathy has been sent to {recipient.username}.', 201)

I was debugging it through PyCharm and Postman but still can't understand where is my mistake. Hope you will help me to fix it.

A: Your code is right.It should work. But i don't know where is the issue.You can try the modified code as below.
class MatchSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    def validate(self, data):
        if data['sender'] == data['recipient']:
            raise serializers.ValidationError('You cannot match yourself')
        return data
    class Meta:
        model = Match

        fields = ['sender', 'recipient']

class MatchMVS(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Match.objects.all()
    serializer_class = MatchSerializer
    http_method_names = ['post']
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]

    @action(detail=True, methods=['POST'], name='send_your_match')
    def match(self, request, pk=None):
        sender = request.user
        recipient = Client.objects.get(pk=pk)
        serializer = MatchSerializer(data={**request.data, 'recipient': recipient.id})

        data_valid = serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        if data_valid:
            recipient = serializer.save()

        is_match = Match.objects.filter(sender=recipient, recipient=sender).exists()
        if is_match:
            send_mail(
                f'Hello, {sender.first_name}',
                f'You got match with {recipient.first_name}! '
                f'Your`s partner email: {recipient.email}',
                settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER,
                [sender.email],
                fail_silently=False,
            )
            send_mail(
                f'Hello, {recipient.first_name}',
                f'You got match with {sender.first_name}! '
                f'Your`s partner email: {sender.email}',
                settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER,
                [recipient.email],
                fail_silently=False,
            )

            return Response(recipient.email, 201)
        else:
            return Response(f'Your sympathy has been sent to {recipient.username}.', 201)

A: The problem was my own inattention, the wrong viewset was linked to the url
urlpatterns = [
    path('clients/<int:pk>/match', views.MatchCreateAPIView.as_view(), name='get_match')
]

instead of:
urlpatterns = [
    path('clients/<int:pk>/match', views.MatchMVS.as_view({'post': 'match'}), name='get_match')
]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Here they are! I've been researching breeds but if anyone knows for sure what my girls are I'd be appreciative. We're naming them slowly as we discover personalities.
Thanks for the link. It was addictive. I started picking new breeds for the spring!
I would have thought that the first two pictures were Gold Laced Wyandotte chickens but if they are related to the others then I don't know. I have Gold Laced Wyandotte's and love them – great layers.
I saw a post further down your page that showed a greenish egg – you may have either Easter Eggers or Golden Seabrights!
I think you're right about the Easter Egger; that's how I had her pegged. Thanks for the link and the heads up about the Gold Lace Wyandotte. It's possible that they're all hybrids and I'm not sure if they're related…I'll admit it; they were free and I'm very, very new at this 🙂 I really appreciate the info!
Great pictures of your girls!


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Brainstorm with us. The challenge you're facing makes for our perfect solution!


text:
Home Food & Drink MasterChef's Gregg Wallace to Star at Bishop Auckland Food Festival 2019
Bishop AUckland Food Festival 3
MasterChef's Gregg Wallace to Star at Bishop Auckland Food Festival 2019
The celebrity chef and TV presenter Gregg Wallace will be appearing at this year's Bishop Auckland Food Festival.
Gregg – who has co-presented MasterChef since 2005 – will be demonstrating his cooking skills at Bishop Auckland Town Hall on Sunday 14th April between 11.00 am and 2.00 pm.
Gregg's demonstration will see him making a variety of delicious dishes while letting festivalgoers in on a bit of behind-the-scenes gossip.
Tickets for Gregg Wallace's show are priced at £10. VIP tickets are available at £15, a deal which includes priority seating and a meet-and-greet opportunity.
Gregg started his career by working as a greengrocer in London's Covent Garden Fruit and Veg Market. He then started his own company – George Allen's Greengrocers – in 1989, which would go on to have a turnover of over £7.5 million.
Thanks to his business success, Gregg was invited to co-present Veg Talk on BBC Radio 4, which led to a number of TV presenting opportunities. Gregg has presented – or appeared on – BBC 1's Saturday Kitchen, Eat Well for Less, Turn Back Time, Inside the Factory, MasterChef, Harvest, Supermarket Secrets and Who Do You Think You Are?
Gregg said, "I'm very much looking forward to my visit. Meeting new people, discovering their passion for food and sampling local specialities is a real treat."
Last year's Bishop Auckland Food Festival attracted over 27,000 visitors
The Bishop Auckland Food Festival 2019 is set to feature stalls selling mouth-watering food from across the world, in addition to live music, children's entertainment, and cookery demonstrations and workshops.
More celebrity guests will be announced in the coming weeks.
Last year's Bishop Auckland Food Festival attracted more than 27,000 visitors, leading to record sales for traders and a boost for local businesses. Feedback was extremely positive and the festival's organisers are using visitors' comments from 2018 to ensure this year's festival is even better.
Durham County Council's cabinet member for tourism, culture, leisure and rural affairs, Cllr Ossie Johnson, said, "Bishop Auckland Food Festival is a wonderful day out for all the family and an opportunity to sample the finest fare our region has to offer."
"However, the benefits it brings to County Durham do not stop there. It attracts thousands of people into our region, generating vital income and strengthening our reputation as a culinary destination."
To book tickets to see Gregg Wallace or to stay up-to-date with more news about the Bishop Auckland Food Festival 2019, please go to www.bishopaucklandfoodfestival.co.uk.
You can also follow @bishfoodfest on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.
To find out about more events going on in County Durham in 2019 – which has been designated the Durham 19 Year of Culture – please visit www.durham.gov.uk/durham19.
BishopAucklandFoodFestival
BishopAucklandFoodFestival2019
GreggWallace
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Heavy rain and flash flooding set up over Central Iowa early this morning and will continue to affect the state through the afternoon as a strong warm front tries to nudge into the state. Rainfall totals over 6" were reported near Ames, with widespread 3 to 5 inch totals from far Northwest Iowa through the metro. Many areas throughout Ames were flooded, with stranded vehicles. Several roads and highways in Northwestern Iowa had water over the roadway, including Highway 4 near Pocahontas.


text:
The brain is a blank canvas when it is created.
What the research says...
Modern neuroscientists have identified no decisive, category-defining differences between the brains of men and women.1
The idea that differences between boys and girls are biological and cannot be changed has been discredited.2
Instead, it should be acknowledged that the relationship between the brain and its world is a constant two-way flow of traffic and we need to pay as much attention to what is going on outside our heads as well as inside.3
1. Rippon, G. (2019). The Gendered Brain, Bodley Head: London.
2. Fine, C. (2011). Delusions of Gender: the real science behind sex differences, Icon Books: London.
3. Ibid (n 1).
But our children are immersed in a heavily gendered world.
This limits our early experiences. Some examples include:
A review of dozens of gender-disguise studies shows adults rating babies' expressions and physical appearances differently based on the sex they believed the babies to be. Adults also tend to choose different toys for each sex, footballs and hammers for babies believed to be boys, dolls and hairbrushes for those they believe to be girls. They also engage with them differently – in a more physical way with boys and more verbal ways with girls.1
Analysis of the most popular children's books in 2018 showed that male characters dominated and that a child is seven times more likely to read a story that has a male villain in it than a female baddie.2
Almost three times as many STEM toys were found to be advertised as for boys than girls.3
In toy catalogues, girls were 12 times more likely to be shown playing with baby dolls, while boys were 4 times as likely to be shown playing with cars. Of the children shown with guns and war toys, 97% were boys.4
1. Eliot, L. (2009). Pink Brain, Blue Brain: How small differences grow into troublesome gaps - and what we can do about it. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt: New York.
2. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/jun/13/highly-concerning-picture-books-bias-worsens-as-female-characters-stay-silent
3. The Institute of Engineering and Technology (2016). https://www.theiet.org/media/press-releases/press-releases-2016/06-december-2016-parents-retailers-and-search-engines-urged-to-re-think-the-pink-next-christmas/
4. Let Toys be Toys (2017). http://lettoysbetoys.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/LetToysBeToys-Catalogues-report-Dec17.pdf
From the clothes that they wear to the toys that they play with, this can limit children for the rest of their lives.
Toys provide training opportunities. But because play with 'masculine toys' allow children to develop skills that 'feminine toys' do not, and vice versa, stereotypes may restrict development.1
Certain clothes can limit physical movement. A study of 10-year-old children found girls did significantly less exercise when wearing a school dress than they did when wearing shorts.2
1. Eliot, L. (2018) 'Impact of gender-typed toys on children's neurological development' in Weisgram, E. & Dinella, L. [eds] Gender typing of children's toys: How early play experiences impact development. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association, pp 167-187.
2. Hannah N., et al., (2012) 'The effect of school uniform on incidental physical activity among 10-year-old children', Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport and Physical Education, 3:1, 51-63.
As they grow, brains pick up on social rules and learn what is "expected" of their gender.
Children are affected by this throughout their childhood from very early on.
Typically before the age of two, children are conscious of the social relevance of gender.1
By the age of 6, girls are less likely to believe that members of their gender are 'really, really smart'. Girls also begin to shy away from novel activities said to be for children who are 'really, really smart'.2
At age 7, children's career aspirations appear to be shaped and restricted by gender-specific ideas about certain jobs.3
1. Kane, E. W. (2006). "No Way My Boys Are Going to Be Like That!": Parents' Responses to Children's Gender Nonconformity. Gender & Society, 20(2), 149–176.
2. Bian, L., et al., (2017). 'Gender stereotypes about intellectual ability emerge early and influence children's interests', Science 355(6323), pp 389-391.
3. Chambers, N., et al., (2018). Drawing the Future survey. Education for Employers.
The effects can be harmful on their wellbeing and limit future opportunities.
Examples of these negative effects include:
Children in friendship groups that emphasised traditional gender stereotypes - girls having nice clothes and boys being tough - had a lower overall wellbeing.1
In classrooms where students believe that reading is a girls' activity; boys showed less motivation, belief in their competence and poorer performance in reading-related tasks, while girls benefitted from this gender stereotype.2
Girls are less likely than boys to aspire to science careers, even though a higher percentage of girls than boys rate science as their favourite subject. Girls who aspire to science and STEM careers tend to describe themselves as 'not girly'.3
Men who hold strong gender-stereotyped beliefs are at a higher risk of becoming violent towards partners.4
Beliefs held about how boys and men should typically act are more restrictive than those for girls and women. It is thought women should be communal and avoid being dominant; while men should be agentic, independent, masculine in appearance and interested in science and technology, but avoid being weak, emotional, shy and feminine in appearance.5
1. The Children's Society (2018).¸The Good Childhood Report 2018, Children's Society: London.
2. Muntoni, F., et al., (2020) 'Beware of Stereotypes: Are Classmates' Stereotypes Associated With Students' Reading Outcomes?', Child Development.
3. Archer, L., et al., (2013) ASPIRES Young People's Science and Career Aspirations, Age 10-14, King's College London, UK.
4. Reyes, H., et al., (2016) 'Gender role attitudes and male adolescent dating violence perpetration: Normative beliefs as moderators', Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(2).
5. Koenig A. M., (2018) 'Comparing Prescriptive and Descriptive Gender Stereotypes About Children, Adults, and the Elderly', Frontiers in psychology, 9, 1086.
But there's good news! The brain is malleable, and this effect can be reversed.
Various studies have successfully demonstrated ways to counteract the negative effects of gender stereotypes. These include:
Showing magazines to children with pictures of boys or girls playing with toys that are not typically related to their gender.1
Allowing girls to read biographical stories of women in gender-atypical careers.2
"Empowering" girls by enabling them to imagine themselves doing activities in positions of power.3
By manipulating motivation, for example when women and men expect to get paid, they perform better at inferring what another person is thinking or feeling than those who do not expect payment. Gender differences disappear to reveal motivational differences instead.4
"We now know that, even in adulthood, our brains are continually being changed, not just by the education we receive, but also by the jobs that we do, the hobbies we have, the sports we play. The brain of a working London taxi driver will be different from that of a trainee and from that of a retired taxi driver." -Gina Rippon, The Gendered Brain
1. Spinner L, et al., (2018) Peer Toy Play as a Gateway to Children's Gender Flexibility: The Effect of (Counter)Stereotypic Portrayals of Peers in Children's Magazines. Sex Roles, 79(5), pp 314-328.
2. Nhundu, T.J., (2007) Mitigating Gender-typed Occupational Preferences of Zimbabwean Primary School Children: The Use of Biographical Sketches and Portrayals of Female Role Models. Sex Roles 56, pp 639–649.
3. Van Loo, K. J., et al., (2013) On the Experience of Feeling Powerful: Perceived Power Moderates the Effect of Stereotype Threat on Women's Math Performance. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 39, pp 387-400.
4. Klein, K. J. K., & Hodges, S. D., (2001) Gender Differences, Motivation, and Empathic Accuracy: When it Pays to Understand. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(6), pp 720–730.
Imagine if children could be whatever they wanted to be without stereotypes...
Created in partnership by:
and Mitra Abrahams
instagram.com/data_mitra
not only pink and blue is an online marketplace celebrating children being children and challenging the harmful stereotypes that can limit their aspirations and wellbeing. That's why you'll be able to search for children's clothes, books and toys by activity and attitude on not only pink and blue, and we also meet every Partner who we work with.
Mitra Abrahams is a freelance data analyst and visualiser. I aim to translate technical data into emotive and simple visualisations that everyone can digest. You can find more of my work on Instagram.


text:
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CThemeLauncherApp, CWinApp)
	ON_COMMAND(ID_HELP, CWinApp::OnHelp)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

// CThemeLauncherApp construction

CThemeLauncherApp::CThemeLauncherApp()
{
	// TODO: add construction code here,
	// Place all significant initialization in InitInstance
}

// The one and only CThemeLauncherApp object

CThemeLauncherApp theApp;

// CThemeLauncherApp initialization

BOOL CThemeLauncherApp::InitInstance()
{
	// InitCommonControls() is required on Windows XP if an application
	// manifest specifies use of ComCtl32.dll version 6 or later to enable
	// visual styles.  Otherwise, any window creation will fail.
	InitCommonControls();

	CWinApp::InitInstance();

	CThemeLauncherDlg dlg;
	m_pMainWnd = &dlg;
	INT_PTR nResponse = dlg.DoModal();
	if (nResponse == IDOK)
	{
		// TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
		//  dismissed with OK
	}
	else if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)
	{
		// TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
		//  dismissed with Cancel
	}

	// Since the dialog has been closed, return FALSE so that we exit the
	//  application, rather than start the application's message pump.
	return FALSE;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Above: an artist's depiction of the restored Pennhurst campus - complete with a monument to the triumph of disabled persons at Pennhurst.
Incorporating an archive, library, conference facility, as well as a museum and memorial, Pennhurst could be a base from which the disability rights movement could build awareness, affiliation, and consensus within and outside the disability field—in short, a place where it could amplify the efforts it has and will take in fulfillment of its stated mission.
Such facilities at Pennhurst will literally and figuratively give a monumental footprint to the advocacy movement's past and future. Though interpretation of the plight of persons with disabilities, an interpretive center will remember past struggles for justice and address their contemporary legacies.
Through a research and conference facility, an International Center for Conscience at Pennhurst will engage ordinary citizens in an ongoing national dialogue on social issues to build lasting cultures of human rights. Unlike the typical museum, it will not be place of passive learning but a place of active citizen engagement. It's mission will be one of truth seeking, of building a culture of "never again," of reconciliation, and of outreach though opportunities for public involvement, curriculum development and the like.
This dialogue must be both about the meaning of the past and the shape of the future— with the full temporal spectrum of past, present, and future palpable in the Pennhurst visitor experience. What does it mean to be classed as the other and how and where is it still happening today? No other museum attacks this concern head on---a dangerous absence of dialogue where indifference is our enemy.
Pennhurst as a center of conscience must address and engage conflicting perspectives. Individuals with disabilities and especially individuals with cognitive disabilities were the last group of people to enjoy the freedoms that are birthright of all Americans. However, the legacy of the struggle for rights for persons with disabilities is not static; it changes daily. We're now long past the legal and political struggle that closed Pennhurst.
So that that achievement does not lose it's power or relevance, there MUST now and in perpetuity be a space for remembrance, reconciliation, and ongoing dialogue. Our goal is not to fossilize or glamorize the past, but to use it create a broader public consciousness. Questions to be asked: how did the bad things that happened at Pennhurst occur—in our own backyard? Where are the people that might have been sent to Pennhurst today? In what ways has society's understanding broadened and in what ways is there still much to do?
Without the memory inscribed upon the landscape at Pennhurst, the vocabulary used to describe the the disability rights struggle loses its power. As the vision of that great torch of conscience lit at Pennhurst dims, so too will the public's understanding of just how dark the darkness has been. As memory dims, so too does that inner light of conscience that keeps policymakers from slashing budgets and activists and advocates at work.


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Virginia Law Foundation Inducts Six W&M Law Alumni as Fellows for 2013
by David F. Morrill | March 4, 2013
The evening of January 24 was a special one for William & Mary Law School. That's when six of the school's alumni were inducted into the 2013 Class of Fellows of the Virginia Law Foundation during the Virginia Bar Association's annual dinner in Williamsburg.
The Foundation's board confers induction on selected Virginia attorneys, law professors, and retired members of the judiciary who are deemed outstanding in their profession and in their community.
"Becoming a Fellow of the Virginia Law Foundation is a special honor," said Davison M. Douglas, dean of the Law School. "It shows that these men and women have not only maintained and upheld the highest of standards, but also lived their lives as citizen lawyers committed to serving the greater good."
All told, 17 Virginia lawyers were inducted, with William & Mary representing the most graduates of any one Virginia law school. The graduates of William & Mary Law School are:
Thomas Frantz '73, partner at Williams Mullen in Virginia Beach;
Jacob Lutz '81, practice group leader at Troutman Sanders in Richmond;
J. Lee Osborne '81, principal at Woods Rogers, PLC in Roanoke;
Melissa W. Robinson '88, principal at Glenn Robinson & Cathey, PLC in Roanoke;
John Tarley '92, managing member at Tarley Robinson, PLC in Williamsburg; and
J. Page Williams '76, member at Feil, Petit & Williams, PLC in Charlottesville.
The Virginia Law Foundation was established in 1974 to serve as the non-profit vehicle for Virginia lawyers seeking to improve the administration of justice and promote the rule of law throughout Virginia.
The Foundation supports projects that, among other things, provide civil legal services to the poor, educate the public about law and the legal profession, and support public service internships for Virginia law students.


Dynamic Pricing on Oyo Rooms.
For anyone traveling to any part of the country, when it comes to hotels many would choose Oyo Rooms. I've been a loyal customer of Oyo Room for quite some time now and have always had an amazing experience with them. All my trips – Visakhapatnam, Ooty, Bengaluru – have been with Oyo Rooms. There had been few hiccups in the middle but the team at Oyo always ensured those were resolved quite quickly. Anyways, I'm off on a vacation (details in coming weeks, check insta for updates) and was looking for a hotel. And like always turned to Oyo Rooms. And to my shocking surprise, they have silently introduced Dynamic Pricing !
I did come across few tweets where people vented their dislike towards the skyrocketing prices, and this was way back in 2015 too ! However I never faced that till yesterday. So here's my booking experience on Dynamic Pricing with Oyo Rooms and everything you should know.
I was browsing through the list of hotels on Oyo. Most of the places I found had the average charge per night around 3000 Rs. This, after discount was around 1500 Rs. Oyo App is smart, the moment you search for a hotel, they will send notifications, emails with various coupons/offers to lure you to book. I had the same thing. Looked for a hotel for few days, couldn't decide where to stay until a notification came in.
I went ahead and applied the so-called coupon on the room and the room price came down from Rs 1100 around to Rs 981 for a night. I was elated, I went ahead and confirmed the booking. To my shocking surprise the next screen showed the amount that I had to pay Rs 1300 ! How did that happen ?
Like always I took the screenshots and got in touch with their twitter teams. After some time they did send a response. And that was a shocker again ! They polite replied "We checked for the same and we would like to inform you that the prices are dynamic in nature and keeps on varying from time to time." But Dynamic Pricing at the tap of a button ? I haven't seen that ever either with flight pricing or with Stock Prices. Everything freezes once the book(for flights) or buy/sell(for stocks) is hit.
To be fair, this is NOT fair on the side of Oyo Rooms. Even if the prices are dynamic there should be some indication of it. Well I did see a tiny up arrow while searching for the city. However didn't know that the dynamic pricing would be this dynamic. Secondly, the dynamic pricing should be shown before pre-booking and NOT after booking. I would book based on my requirement then and not shell out extra price. I did the same booking again and it was the same thing. Rs 981 prior to booking, and Rs 1300 after hitting the booking button. Would request the team to help me understand some bit of their Dynamic Pricing Algorithm used.


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text:
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Manual EPRANCE 0805 DashCam 1. A7 Users Manual For Portable Car Video Recorder Please Read This Manual Carefully Before Using The Recorder And Take Care Of It, So That You Can Inspect At Anytime In The future. Dash Cam 4SK98. 1 by 4Sight User Manual Thank you for choosing The Original Dash Cam.
This manual offers detailed information on how to operate the device correctly including: how to work the device, matters that need attention and technical specifications. Please read carefully Download 2 Eprance Dash Cameras PDF manuals. User manuals, Eprance Dash cameras Operating guides and Service manuals. Dashcam Viewer USERS MANUAL v Apr 17, 2015 Welcome to Dashcam Viewer! Dashcam Viewer (DCV) is a Mac OS X and Windows application for viewing movies, GPS data, and shocksensor data recorded by dashboard cameras.
Select Camera Options. Forward Collision Warning. Adjust the sensitivity of the FCWS feature. A higher sensitivity setting calculates a longer estimated safe following distance. Users Manual For Portable Car Video Recorder Please Read This Manual Carefully Before Using The new 0803.
Appendix Specification Image Sensor 3. 2M CMOS Chip Ambarella, A7L50D User Manual 1 NOTE: Alterations reserved. The voluntary e. xiles from Natal, on moving to the north of the Orange River, determined to evade the P)ritish, and proclaim the whole of that locality an independent Republic.
The authorities at the Cape, however, frustrated the new struggle for indepfndence. Search the history of over 336 billion web pages on the Internet.


text:
Scott Walker's Recall Plan: Rake in Unlimited Cash
Andy Kroll
Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker (R)Pete Marovich/ZUMAPRESS.com
The fight to recall Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker begins November 15, when the 60-day window opens for progressives, Democrats, and other Walker opponents to gather the more than half-million signatures they'll need to trigger a recall election. Conveniently for Walker, a loophole in Wisconsin elections law opens up the same day and spans the same 60-day window. For that two-month period, the state's $10,000 donation limit for individuals giving to gubernatorial candidates is out the window. That's right: Walker can raise unlimited campaign cash for his recall defense as his opponents round up support to recall him.
Going on a 60-day money bonanza is at the heart of Walker's recall defense strategy—at least that's how Wisconsin GOP chairman Brad Courtney put it at a GOP event in Milwaukee last Friday. According to an audio clip provided to Mother Jones, Courtney says Walker stressed to him the importance of being able to rake in unlimited funds to run ads defending his record—especially his controversial budget repair bill. That, of course, was the legislation that kneecapped public-sector unions and sparked a month of protest, including an occupation of the state Capitol. "What Scott says is we're gonna raise a lot of money—we can accept unlimited money for a 60-day time period, so you're gonna see a lot of positive, wonderful ads about what's going on in Wisconsin," Courtney told the crowd. (A Walker spokesman didn't respond to requests for comment. A Wisconsin GOP spokeswoman, Nicole Larson, declined to comment.)
Listen to the audio clip:
audio1 (mp3)
The wave of ads in a Walker recall election may not all be as positive as Courtney claims. Democratic, Republican, and third-party groups filled the airwaves with damaging, accusatory, and often incorrect ads during the Senate recalls, and there's little to suggest a Walker recall would be any different.
As for the recall itself, Courtney predicted that anti-Walker organizers, a mix of grassroots groups and the state Democratic Party, would get the signatures they need to trigger an election. "Obviously, they're going to start to recall the governor on November 15, and it's my opinion they will get the signatures because the threshold is really low," Courtney said. By law, recall organizers need more than 540,000 signatures, but those organizers say they plan to collect at least 700,000 to withstand legal challenges. Some, however, say they want to collect as many as a million signatures.
Courtney went on to urge the audience to reach out to friends, family, colleagues, and others in "your own spheres of influence" to convince them of the budget repair bill's success. The GOP chairman's defense of Walker's policies, especially the budget repair bill, hewed closely to Walker's own talking points, newly laid out on a just-launched website defending the governor's record. "We have put Wisconsin on the right path," Courtney said. "Hundreds of school districts across the state are saving money, they're hiring more teachers, they're lowering classroom sizes, and they actually have room for merit pay."
Walker's fundraising success in 2010 suggests he won't have trouble filling his war chest for a potential recall race. He raised more than $10 million from individuals during his gubernatorial campaign. He also pulled in hundreds of thousands of dollars from the political action committees of Koch Industries, health insurer WellPoint, Walmart, and AT&T. The Republican Governors Association, a corporate-funded political juggernaut that helps elect GOP governors, spent $5 million on Walker's behalf as well.
There is an effort underway to close Wisconsin's recall fundraising loophole. On October 3, legislators in the Wisconsin state Assembly, the state legislature's lower chamber, introduced a bill to close the loophole, but the bill hasn't budged since being introduced almost a month ago.
Scott Walker Recall Campaign Is On
The Wisconsin GOP's Clever Plan to Block Scott Walker's Recall
The Summer of Scott Walker
Scott Walker: Collective Bargaining Is An 'Expensive Entitlement.' Um, No.


Great Plains Business Park is a 60-acre development strategically located in Calgary's prime southeast industrial corridor. With more than 1.25 million total square feet of premium warehouse and light industrial space for single or multi-tenant use, outstanding access to the city's major transportation arteries, and backed by Hopewell's exceptional quality and award-winning service, Great Plains Business Park is the intelligent choice for tenants who don't want to sacrifice utility for convenience.
Buildings D, E and C are 120,567, 120,609 and 157,067 square feet respectively. Zoned I-G Industrial - General District, this leasing opportunity is ideal for general warehousing, distribution, and light manufacturing tenants.


text:
Can China Make Inroads With Nepal Again?
September 4, 2022 Topic: China Region: Asia Blog Brand: The Buzz Tags: ChinaNepalTibetBelt And Road InitiativeMillennium Challenge Corporation
Securing Tibet's loose ends in Nepal is increasingly complicated for China.
by Rishi Gupta
In what is seen as a precaution to avoid the spillover effects of the Taiwan issue on Tibet, China is seeking Nepal's unconditional endorsement of the One China Policy. Nepalese foreign minister Narayan Prasad Khadka concluded his visit to China, which took place at the invitation of State Councillor Wang Yi. The visit coincided with rising tensions between China and the United States after House Speaker Nancy Pelosi visited Taiwan despite China's warnings not to.
By inviting Foreign Minister Khadka, China symbolized its preventive measures for Tibet. The major highlights of Khadka's visit were Nepal's unequivocal support for the One China Policy, China's push to reboot the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) with Nepal, and a $118 million (or 800 million RMB) Chinese grant to Nepal.
In the past, Nepal served as a transit route for Tibetans to escape into India. Many Tibetans took refuge in Nepal and currently, approximately 30,000 Tibetan refugees live in Nepal. The Nepalese security agencies closely monitor their activities due to mounting Chinese pressure.
Occasional movements supporting Tibetan freedom in Nepal put Beijing in a tight spot over its human rights record. Above all, U.S. support for Tibet induced panic in China. While the United States' support for Tibet has a long history, several high-level visits of U.S. officials to Nepal between February and July this year have kept China guessing.
Although China succeeded in getting reassurances from Nepal on the latter's security obligations toward Tibet, there was a stark difference between the two statements at the end of Khadka's visit. While Nepal did not mention BRI—except for the Chinese grant to Nepal for conducting the feasibility study of an ambitious trans-Himalayan railway between Kerung and Kathmandu—China mentioned the BRI twice in its statement.
While Nepal signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with China on BRI in May 2017, in recent months China has pressed Nepal to accept more grants than loans under the BRI.
With the fall of the communist government in July 2021, Nepal-China relations have turned cold. Chinese promises to provide transit routes to Nepal for its third-country trade, the Kerung-Kathmandu railway corridor, and Chinese investment in the hydropower projects in Nepal have not moved an inch in the last five years.
There were also no developments on several agreements signed under the BRI, despite Nepal having a friendly communist government until July 2021. Xi Jinping's visit to Nepal in 2019 was the highest level visit by a Chinese official in twenty-six years. The previous communist government led by Prime Minister KP Oli called it a historical moment in Nepal-China relations. Yet, Nepal's political resistance to China's investments and grants was, and remains, visible.
American Footprints
The $118 million grant from China was meant to counter the recent ratification of another grant from the United States to Nepal, awarded through the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) program, worth $500 million. Chinese unhappiness over the MCC grant is evident in several incendiary state-media statements.
Chinese state media branded MCC as a "poisoned pact" and a "threat to peace and development in South Asia." China attempted to pressure Nepal to abandon the MCC grant by sending several delegations to Nepal. Following the Nepalese Parliament's approval of the MCC gant on February 27, the Chinese foreign minister arrived in Nepal in March 2022.
Wang Yi warned Nepal against the external influence on its domestic and foreign policy and offered "three supports," including help in pursuing an independent foreign policy.
Opposition parties in Nepal, including the CPN-UML led by KP Oli, remain critical of the Deuba government for putting BRI in limbo. Understandably, the Deuba government is cautious about the impact of the Chinese loan model on other states and may be wary of the Sri Lankan crisis.
India's Comeback
With a friendly government in Nepal under the leadership of Sher Bahadur Deuba, India seems to be making efforts to resolve political differences after five years of tense bilateral exchanges. After Prime Minister Deuba took the oath of office in July 2021, a high-level delegation led by Prakash Sharan Mahat of the ruling Nepali Congress arrived in India in October 2021.
The Nepalese delegation held talks with Foreign Minister S Jaishankar and the President of India's ruling Bharatiya Janata Party. Prime Minister Deuba also visited India in April 2022, followed by Prime Minister Narenda Modi's short visit to Lumbini, Nepal on the occasion of Buddha Poornima in May 2022. This trip resulted in the signing of several MoUs and agreements, including the release of the "Vision Statement" on harnessing Nepal's hydropower potential.
The recent bilateral exchanges between India and Nepal have contributed to refurbishing the bilateral outlook from "special relations" marked by Roti-Beti Ka Rishta (matrimonial and cultural ties) to mutual prosperity and growth.
While the Deuba administration has managed to balance ties with India, the United States, and China, parliamentary elections in November will play a critical role in shaping Nepal's future geostrategic outlook.
Contrary to Nepal's development-oriented engagement with neighboring India and a distant United States, China's engagement with Nepal is fundamentally driven by safeguarding the loose ends of Tibet. Considering Beijing's concerns over Tibet, China is certain to wish for a friendly communist government led by KP Oli after the Nepalese parliamentary elections this upcoming November.
However, with Nepal's communist parties divided, China has a formidable challenge to repeat its past successes in Nepal. Above all, renewed ties between the United States and Nepal are detrimental to Chinese aims in the region.
Rishi Gupta is a Research Fellow at the Asia Society Policy Institute, New Delhi (A division of Asia Society India Centre, Mumbai). His research interests include Himalayan geopolitics—particularly China's role in Nepal and Bhutan, South Asia, and the Indo-Pacific region. His views are his own.


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Home > University Libraries > Digital Collections > Buzz Price > 83
Harrison "Buzz" Price Papers
Analysis of Acquisition and Development Options at Beekse Bergen-Memorandum Report
Harrison Price Company
Heerlen (Netherlands); Beekse Bergen; Recreation centers; Amusement parks; Tourism; Marketing research; Economic research; Business planning
Algemeen Burgerlijk Pensioenfonds (ABP) in Heerlen, The Netherlands retained the Harrison Price Company (HPC) to evaluate acquisition and development options at the Beekse Bergen park of Tilburg in Brabant. At the time Beekse Bergen was owned jointly by the cities of Tilburg (15/16th ownership), and was acquirable due to the cities' apparent reluctance to fund operating losses, which the park had sustained in recent years. ABP had a continuing interest in the theme park industry, particularly with regard to the proposed Water Wonderland project, and in April 1983 retained HPC to assess the outlook for theme park development in the Netherlands. In consideration of the above, HPC was requested to address the following specific issues: 1) the suitability of the Beekse Bergen recreation park as a site for Water Wonderland or similar venture; 2) the extent to which the Safari Park contributes to the Beekse Bergen site in the context of the development of Water Wonderland or similar venture; 3) an assessment of the management structure for Beekse Bergen in a redeveloped configuration; 4) the relative merits of acquiring De Efteling as an additional investment opportunity operating in conjunction with a reconfigured Beekse Bergen; 5) the relative merits of a bungalow park at Beekse Bergen.
Almegeen Burgerlijk Pensioenfonds Heerlen, The Netherlands
561; DP0004437
Copyright: University of Central Florida Special Collections. Permission to publish must be obtained from Special Collections in writing. Contact (407) 823-2576 or online at http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/
Heerlen (Netherlands); Beekse Bergen; Water Wonderland; Recreation centers; Amusement parks; Waterparks; Land use planning; Business planning; Feasibility studies; Market research; Economic research; Tourism.
Heerlen (Netherlands)
Digital Reproduction Specialists
Electronically reproduced by the Digital Services unit of the University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, 2005.
http://purl.flvc.org/UCF/EAD/CFM2003-12h (University of Central Florida Special Collections Harrison "Buzz" Price Papers finding aid); https://ucf-flvc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01FALSC_UCF/6a1ouu/alma990332062850306596 (University of Central Florida Libraries Online Catalog)
Information Technologies & Resources
Harrison Price Company, "Analysis of Acquisition and Development Options at Beekse Bergen-Memorandum Report" (1983). Harrison "Buzz" Price Papers. 83.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/buzzprice/83
Tourism and Travel Commons


Cohesively bonded polymer-solid interfaces are generally characterized by substrate surface roughness scale of few nanometers to several micrometers. While polymer conformation is essentially independent in the case of micrometer sized roughness patterns, it may be strongly influenced in the nanometer limit, when the roughness scale becomes comparable to the characteristic dimension of polymer (determined via, e.g. radius of gyration). Roughness is known to strengthen the polymer-solid bonding either by increase in the effective contact area or by mechanical interlocking of polymer between surface undulations. However, little is known regarding the role of relative dimensions of polymer chains with respect to surface undulations in effecting the bonding. To this end, we have performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to access this information. Coating systems are obtained by bonding coarse-grained polymer molecules with planar substrate and several rough substrates with periodic surface undulation. To quantify the role of roughness, the undulation features are varied in comparison to the average dimension of polymer chains. The coating systems are subjected to different loading modes while monitoring their stress-strain behavior and the work of separation. We find that polymer confinement, caused by roughness features, leads to mechanical interlocking which plays a significant role in improving polymer bonding in place of increase in the effective contact area. Furthermore, confinement also shows the ability to switch the failure mode from adhesive to cohesive.