text:
Casey House
A unique hospice
In 1988, an old Victorian house in downtown Toronto was transformed into a unique hospice to provide compassionate care for people dying from HIV/AIDS. Founded by the well-known activist and journalist June Callwood, Casey House opened its doors as a much-needed refuge after years of stigma and loss in the gay community. In the three decades since, the charity has transitioned from a palliative care hospice into a specialized hospital caring for people living with HIV and AIDS. In 2017, it moved operations into a beautifully restored Victorian mansion nearby, and built a striking new addition that extends an entire city block.
The expanded Casey House is a state-of-the-art facility for both inpatient as well as outpatient care, through their innovative day health program. Designed by Hariri Pontarini Architects, the addition provides a safe environment that evokes the comforts of home and reflects the hospital's holistic approach to health and wellbeing. A ground-floor atrium with a beautiful limestone fireplace offers a welcoming gathering space. An inner garden courtyard is visible from every corridor and allows direct sunlight to flood into inpatient rooms on the third floor. Throughout the building, locally sourced materials create a warm atmosphere that feels more like a home than a hospital.
A world leader
With medical advances in the treatment of HIV/AIDS many people with the disease are living longer active lives. In spite of such positive progress, the need for Casey House is greater than ever. In more vulnerable Ontario communities, HIV infection rates are still increasing, and today there are more people living with HIV/AIDS than in 1988. The hospital has become a world leader in HIV/AIDS healthcare, and its thoughtfully planned expansion has allowed it to meet the evolving needs of hundreds of clients each day.
Joanne Simons, Casey House's CEO sums up this transformation:
"In the eighties, during the HIV crisis, there was a huge stigma – as there is today – around HIV, and our facility was in the shadows of this community. Nearly 30 years later, we're making a very bold statement. We're not hiding anymore.
Casey House has evolved from a place where people come to die, to a place where they come to get better. It's a place where clients are treated without judgement, but with compassion and kindness. It's a place where people are people first and their HIV/AIDS doesn't define who they are."
A bold initiative
With a large illuminated sign announcing its new hub on Toronto's prominent Jarvis Street, Casey House has increased its visibility in the city and in the community. It launched a bold new initiative called #smashstigma to tackle the deeply ingrained stigma associated with HIV. The story of its pop-up restaurant named June's HIV+ Eatery was chronicled in an award-winning documentary and started a global conversation that is helping to change perceptions of those living with HIV and AIDS. The caring staff at Casey House believe their clients' humanity should be more visible than their disease. It's what they've done from the very beginning.
Casey House began as Canada's only stand-alone treatment facility for people with HIV/AIDS, and over the years it has come to represent many of Ontario's best qualities: diversity, inclusivity, and equality. Throughout its history, the work of this facility to provide a safe and judgement free space has remained consistent and focused. When I visited in June 2018, on their 30thanniversary, I was struck by the dedication of the staff and volunteers to their mission. As the honoured group of 2018 Toronto Pride, it is clear that Casey House has achieved and continues to seek out social cohesion – a central pillar of sustainability.
Their initiative Smash Stigma, tells stories of those who are living with HIV/AIDS and puts a human face on a disease that has historically come with judgement and fear. Stories are what build empathy, and yet the building of Casey House itself tells a story. It is a melding of a Victorian mansion and a modern glass structure that has been recognized with an Ontario Association of Architects Lieutenant Governor's Award for Design Excellence and the Lieutenant Governor's Ontario Heritage Award for Excellence in Conservation, for the work undertaken by Hariri Pontarini Architects and ERA Architects, respectively. This unique structure gives a sense that the old and the new are embracing. From air quality to sound absorption, each detail was carefully considered. Using Greenguard certified materials, it demonstrates innovation, excellence, sensitivity, and empathy, along with a strong sense of environmental stewardship – another key pillar of sustainability.
With the incredible research, care, and facilities available at Casey House many people living with HIV/AIDS today are now leading fulfilled lives, and have been welcomed back into the work force. Through advocacy and public education programs, like those offered at this remarkable institution, the ability to achieve inclusive economic prosperity, the final pillar of sustainability, has become a reality for many to the benefit of all.
With its rich history and forward-looking approach to health, inclusivity, and education, Casey House says something to the rest of the world about who we are as Ontarians. We are a place of hope, of community, and of striving for a better, more resilient future. I know that this important and vital institution will continue to inspire us for the next 30 years and beyond.


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Top 20 players in Class 1A D-I Idaho high school girls basketball
Idaho Idaho-Girls Basketball Recruiting Top Players
February 14, 2021 February 14, 2021 Brandon Walton	1791 Views 0 Comments	idaho girls basketball, idaho high school sports, trending
Here is an inside look at the Top 20 players in Class 1A Division I Idaho high school girls basketball.
There are dozens of standout 1A D-I girls basketball players in Idaho and these lists are not intended to be comprehensive. DM or tag us on Twitter or Instagram @sbliveid and let us know about players worthy of fans' attention in 2020-21.
MORE TOP PLAYERS: CLASS 5A | CLASS 4A | CLASS 3A | CLASS 2A
The list is in alphabetical order.
TOP 20 GIRLS BASKETBALL PLAYERS IN CLASS 1A D-I
W Kiya McAfee, jr., Butte County
(Photo courtesy of Carla Hansen)
McAfee has really been the face of the Pirates for the last two seasons by leading them in almost every statistical category and being a two-time All-High Desert Conference first-team selection. And the 5-foot-7 wing is doing so again. She is averaging 13.9 points, 6.3 rebounds, 3.8 steals and 3.1 assists per game.
"Kiya is a competitor, and she hates to lose, and does everything in her power to make sure that doesn't happen," Butte County coach Carla Hansen said. "She sets the stage and mood of the court for our team."
G Morgan Blazzard, jr., Troy
Double-doubles are somewhat expected for players in the frontcourt. But for a guard? Not so much. Blazzard has been the exception. She averaged a double-double of 10.2 points and 11 rebounds last year before doing so again this season with 12 points and 10 rebounds per game to all but assure her All-League honors for the second consecutive year.
"Morgan is a fierce competitor and is athletic enough to play all five spots on the floor," Troy coach Aaron Dall said. "She is the difference of whether we are competitive as a team or not."
C Maniah Clegg, sr., Grace
(Photo courtesy of Kyle Christensen)
Clegg was a walking double-double last season with 12.9 points and 12.1 points per game. It led to the Grizzlies placing third at state and another All-State selection for the 6-foot post. The two-time High Desert Player of the Year is averaging a double-double again this season at 11.8 points and 11.6 boards per game for the No. 3 team in the state. It's a safe bet she'll be named player of the year again this season.
"She is one of the most unselfish players that I have coached and is the ultimate team player," Grace coach Kyle Christensen said. "It is a coach's dream to be able to coach a player like Maniah. She makes everyone around her better."
G Kaybree Christensen, sr., Raft River
Christensen's future is in running. She is signed on to run cross country and track at Utah State next year. But that type of athletic ability still makes her a force on the hardwood as well. She has been selected to multiple All-Conference teams and made the All-State Tournament team last year too. Christensen is averaging 10 points per game this season.
"She does a great job running our offense and getting the ball to where it needs to be," Raft River coach Cody Powers said. "Whether that is kicking out to the open shooter or knocking it down herself, she makes good decisions there."
G Kambrei Frank, sr., Victory Charter
(Photo courtesy of Mandy Frank)
It's easy to disregard a player on a struggling program. Yes, Frank never made the state tournament or was on a winning team, but when Liberty Charter coach Brad McCain, whose program has made seven straight postseason appearances, says he wishes he would have had her for the last four years, that's telling. Frank was still in the discussion for the Western Idaho Conference Player of the Year last season with almost 15.0 points, 8.0 rebounds and 3 steals per game. She should be in consideration again with nearly 13.0 points, 7.0 rebounds and 3 steals a game this season.
"Kambrei has created success for herself even though she hasn't played on a winning team," Victory Charter coach Mandy Frank said. "She has capitalized on every opportunity presented to her. She has had to work even harder to be successful because she hasn't had a lot of help."
G Grace Gerdes, sr., Liberty Charter
(Photo courtesy of Brad McCain)
Madison Hodnett is the household name — more on her in a second — but Gerdes is really good in her own right. She kind of came out of nowhere to be named to the All-WIC first-team last season. And since then, Gerdes has only gotten more confident and better. She's averaging 8.7 points, 6.9 rebounds and 2.1 steals per game this season.
F Madison Hodnett, sr., Liberty Charter
Hodnett didn't even know what basketball was six years ago. The 6-foot-2 forward is now one of the most dominant players in the entire classification. She was an All-State first-team selection and the WIC Player of the Year after racking up 20.7 points, 16.4 rebounds and 3.4 blocks per game last season. She's now being tripled teamed this season, but is still averaging 17.2 points, 11.7 rebounds, 2.0 blocks and 1.8 steals. Hodnett received a full-ride to NAIA Corban University (Oregon).
P Ashlee Holt, jr., Lakeside
(Photo courtesy of Chris Dohrman)
Holt is the Trojans' best shooter. That's translated into her increasing her scoring average from 8.1 points last season — when she was an All-League selection — to 11.6 points per game this season. It's helped Lakeside make a relatively smooth transition up from the Division II level.
"Ashlee is a very smart basketball player and really has a very high basketball IQ and understanding of the game," Lakeside coach Chris Dohrman said.
G Jolissa Holt, jr, Lakeside
Yes, you're seeing double. Ashlee's twin sister has also seen her production go up from 11.6 points a season ago to 14.3 in 2021. She was also an All-Conference selection last year as well. The only difference between the two is Jolissa is the team's floor general.
"Jolissa can handle the ball well, is a great scorer and a good defender," coach Chris Dohrman said. "Jolissa is a fierce competitor that loves to do whatever it takes to win and help her teammates get better."
G Sami Jewett, sr., Rimrock
(Photo courtesy of Kyla Jewett)
Jewett's older sister and current coach Kyla Jewett was quite the player back in the day with multiple All-Conference and state tournament appearances. But the younger Jewett has carried on the family tradition quite well. Sami's been the starting point guard the last four years and has several All-League honors herself, including being a first-team selection last season. She's on her way to doing so again with 10 points, 5.0 assists, 4.2 steals and 3.0 rebounds per game in 2021.
"She gives her teammates any and every opportunity to score, and defensively has the sticky hands to always get the steal," Kyla Jewett said.
P Anna Knight, jr., Butte County
Knight has really emerged for the Pirates this season. So much so, that she's already on a lot of college radars, including Walla Walla Community College in Washington. After averaging 6.0 points and 5.3 rebounds per game last season, she's up to 11 points and 8 rebounds a game in 2021. Knight's even averaging a block per game at 5-foot-8.
"Anna is the big presence in the middle for our team. She is quick, and works extremely hard," coach Carla Hansen said. "She is the 'Big' difference for our team. With Anna on the court we are stronger and a more balanced team."
G Bailey Leseman, sr., Genesee
(Photo courtesy of Greg Hardie)
Leseman is one of the best players to step through the doors of Genesee High School. She led the Bulldogs back to the state championship game for the first time in 11 years as only a sophomore. She's a multiple time All-League and All-State selection, including last season when she made first teams in each with 12.5 points, 2.7 rebounds and 2.6 steals per game. And she became just the third player in program history to score 1,000 career points this season. She's also averaging 10.7 points, 3.2 rebounds and 2.5 steals per game.
"Bailey has been a consistent force in our program since her freshman year," Genesee coach Greg Hardie said."I am very proud of her and all the things she has accomplished during her career here."
P Claira Osborne, sr., Genesee
Arguably, no player in the classification has made a bigger jump this season than Osborne. She has gone from a statline of 8.4 points, 6.4 rebounds and 2.2 steals a game last season, to 17.3 points, 9.1 rebounds and 3.9 points per game. And the Bulldogs are reaping the rewards of their co-captain by being ranked No. 4 in the state.
"She really worked on her game between her junior and senior year and it was clear in the summer time that she was going to have a breakout year," coach Greg Hardie said. 'Claira is incredibly strong, athletic, and has unusual quickness for her size making her a tough match up."
G Kadance Schilling, jr., Clearwater Valley
(Photo courtesy of Darren Yocum)
There isn't much Schilling can't do. She lettered in both volleyball and track her freshman year. She's been up for the school's Female Athlete of the Year the last two years with a third nomination likely on the way. And she even works for her father's logging company over the summer. But basketball is where she really thrives, particularly this season. As the team captain, Schilling is putting up 12.2 points, 7.2 rebounds, 2.8 steals and 2.5 assists per game.
"She is a threat to score from all three levels on the floor and tenacious on the boards," Clearwater Valley coach Darren Yocum said. "Kadance has a complete, all-around game that I believe will transition well to the next level."
G Madison Shears, sr., Prairie
(Photo courtesy of Lori Mader)
There were none better in the classification than Shears last season. She averaged 16.2 points, 4.2 steals, 3.6 rebounds and 2.4 assists per game to lead the Pirates to a runner-up finish at state and was promptly named the Player of the Year for Idaho. And she has a case for that distinction again. Shears has a statline of 12.4 points, 4.0 steals, 3.6 rebounds and 2.4 assists per game for the second-ranked team in the state.
"I have never coached a kid with so much dedication, desire and determination and drive to make herself better as well as everyone on the floor," Prairie coach Lori Mader said. "Truly a great kid with lots of heart for the game, a dream kid to coach."
F Sydnee Smith, fr., Grace
Maniah Clegg is the present, but Smith is the future. The 5-foot-10 freshman is already well on her way to being the school's next big thing. She is averaging almost 11 points on 48% shooting and 5.0 rebounds per game in her first year.
"Even though Sydnee is just a freshman she plays beyond her age," coach Kyle Christensen said. "Playing alongside Maniah and the defensive attention that Maniah attracts has opened up a lot of opportunities for Sydnee, which she has taken advantage of. I am looking forward to seeing what else is in store for her as her high school career advances."
G Glory Sobotta, sr., Lapwai
(Photo courtesy of Ada Marks)
With the loss of last year's leading scorer KC Lussoro, who is now playing at Treasure Valley Community College in Oregon, the elder Sobotta knew she needed to up her game, which was already pretty good. She averaged 9.4 points, 1.4 assists and 1.3 steals per game to earn White Pine League first-team and All-State second-team honors last season. But the 5-foot-7 guard has rounded out her game a bit more this year with 9.9 points, 4.4 rebounds and 2.2 assists per game. Spokane Community College is looking at her.
G Grace Sobotta, jr., Lapwai
Over the last two years, Glory's younger sister has already done more than most players do in four. She's made two All-State teams, including last season when she was on the first team, was the White Pine Player of the Year and helped the Wildcats to another state championship with 10 points, 4.3 rebounds, 2.3 steals and 2 assists per game. The 5-foot-8 guard looks like she'll be padding that already impressive resumé even more with 9.3 points, 6.3 rebounds, 3.4 steals and 2.8 assists per game for the undefeated No. 1 team in the state this season.
F Kynlee Thornton, sr., Lighthouse Christian
(Photo courtesy of Tia Standlee)
Moving up classifications hasn't slowed the 5-foot-10 forward at all. If anything, she's better. Thornton is averaging a double-double of 20.4 points — the leading scorer in the entire classification — and 10.2 rebounds to go along with 3.5 blocks per game. That's up from the 18.8 points, 11.1 rebounds and 3.1 blocks she had last season that earned her All-State first-team and Defensive Player of the Year honors at the Division II level.
"Kynlee is a quiet but powerful leader," Lighthouse Christian coach Tia Standlee said. "She has a tenacious spirit and her work ethic is inspiring to her teammates and her coaches."
G Sintia Varela, sr., Rimrock
Varela is on the heels of Thornton with 19.3 points per game. But that isn't even the half of it. She is also averaging 7.0 rebounds, 4.0 steals, 3.6 assists and even a block per game this season for the Raiders. This isn't anything new, though. She's been an All-WIC first-team selection the last two years and was an All-State second-team selection a season ago. She could graduate to being the WIC Player of the Year and an All-State first-team selection with the year Varela is having.
"Sintia is an all-around the court player and reads the ball defensively to put her in the right spot at the right time," Rimrock coach Kyla Jewett said.
← Milwaukie football enters 4A with a promise: 'We're going to get better every year from now on'
Tight-knit Corvallis football team just wants a chance to play: 'I haven't seen one bad attitude at all' →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Our school opened in September 1976 with 238 children in 7 classes. Since then, the school has grown to become a 2-form entry school with 420 pupils in 14 classes. For the academic year 2012-13 the school was asked to admit 90 pupils into Foundation Stage. The number of pupils on roll has therefore risen to 450. There are currently 15 classes with approximately 30 children in each class.
Within each classroom situation a variety of teaching strategies are used as appropriate. Some children receive intervention in specific areas of the curriculum from a Teaching Assistant.
The Richmond School has a large playing field surrounded by trees and hedges. A living willow dome, wooden play houses, a stage, a train and a boat are features where the children can play imaginatively.
We feel that it is important to involve parents in their children's education. Parents of children new to our school are encouraged to help with school activities and to become involved in the life of the school.
Homework is given to all children and includes reading to a parent, tables work, reading/word games, spellings and research (see homework policy). Children are expected to take responsibility for informing parents of the homework they have received and returning it to school on the designated date.
If you are being bullied, tell someone straight away so that it can be sorted out! Keep telling them until something is done about it!
You can tell any adult you trust - at school or at home - or contact ChildLine.


text:
package com.intellij.tasks.generic;

import com.intellij.openapi.util.text.StringUtil;
import com.intellij.util.Function;
import com.intellij.util.containers.ContainerUtil;
import java.util.HashMap;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;

import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/**
 * @author Mikhail Golubev
 */
public class GenericRepositoryUtil {
  private static final Pattern PLACEHOLDER_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("\\{(\\w[-\\w]*)\\}");

  public static HttpMethod getPostMethodFromURL(final String requestUrl) {
    int n = requestUrl.indexOf('?');
    if (n == -1) {
      return new PostMethod(requestUrl);
    }
    PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(requestUrl.substring(0, n));
    String[] queryParams = requestUrl.substring(n + 1).split("&");
    postMethod.addParameters(ContainerUtil.map2Array(queryParams, NameValuePair.class, s -> {
      String[] nv = s.split("=");
      if (nv.length == 1) {
        return new NameValuePair(nv[0], "");
      }
      return new NameValuePair(nv[0], nv[1]);
    }));
    return postMethod;
  }

  public static String substituteTemplateVariables(String s, Collection<TemplateVariable> variables) throws Exception {
    return substituteTemplateVariables(s, variables, true);
  }

  public static String substituteTemplateVariables(String s, Collection<TemplateVariable> variables, boolean escape) throws Exception {
    Map<String, String> lookup = new HashMap<>();
    for (TemplateVariable v : variables) {
      lookup.put(v.getName(), v.getValue());
    }
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    Matcher m = PLACEHOLDER_PATTERN.matcher(s);
    while (m.find()) {
      String name = m.group(1);
      String replacement = lookup.get(name);
      if (replacement == null) {
        throw new Exception((String.format("Template variable '%s' is undefined", name)));
      }
      // TODO: add proper escape|unescape property to template variables
      if (escape && !name.equals(GenericRepository.SERVER_URL)) {
        m.appendReplacement(sb, URLEncoder.encode(replacement, "utf-8"));
      }
      else {
        m.appendReplacement(sb, replacement);
      }
    }
    return m.appendTail(sb).toString();
  }

  public static List<String> createPlaceholdersList(GenericRepository repository) {
    return createPlaceholdersList(repository.getAllTemplateVariables());
  }

  public static List<String> createPlaceholdersList(List<TemplateVariable> variables) {
    return ContainerUtil.map2List(variables, variable -> String.format("{%s}", variable.getName()));
  }

  public static String prettifyVariableName(String variableName) {
    String prettyName = variableName.replace('_', ' ');
    return StringUtil.capitalizeWords(prettyName, true);
  }

  public static <T> List<T> concat(List<? extends T> list, T... values) {
    return ContainerUtil.append(list, values);
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


"Locations of Physical Activity as Assessed by GPS in Young Adolescents" by Jordan A. Carlson, Jasper Schipperijn et al.
Locations of Physical Activity as Assessed by GPS in Young Adolescents.
OBJECTIVES: To compare adolescents' physical activity at home, near home, at school, near school, and at other locations.
METHODS: Adolescents (N = 549) were ages 12 to 16 years (49.9% girls, 31.3% nonwhite or Hispanic) from 447 census block groups in 2 US regions. Accelerometers and Global Positioning System devices assessed minutes of and proportion of time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in each of the 5 locations. Mixed-effects regression compared MVPA across locations and demographic factors.
RESULTS: Forty-two percent of adolescents' overall MVPA occurred at school, 18.7% at home, 18.3% in other (nonhome, nonschool) locations, and 20.6% near home or school. Youth had 10 more minutes (30% more) of overall MVPA on school days than on nonschool days. However, the percentage of location time spent in MVPA was lowest at school (4.8% on school days) and highest near home and near school (9.5%-10.4%). Girls had 2.6 to 5.5 fewer minutes per day of MVPA than boys in all locations except near school.
CONCLUSIONS: Although a majority of adolescents' physical activity occurred at school, the low proportion of active time relative to the large amount of time spent at school suggests potential for increasing school-based activity. Increasing time spent in the neighborhood appears promising for increasing overall physical activity, because a high proportion of neighborhood time was active. Increasing youth physical activity to support metabolic health requires strategies for increasing use of physical activity-supportive locations (eg, neighborhoods) and environmental and program improvements in unsupportive locations (eg, schools, homes).
Carlson, Jordan A.; Schipperijn, Jasper; Kerr, Jacqueline; Saelens, Brian E.; Natarajan, Loki; Frank, Lawrence D.; Glanz, Karen; Conway, Terry L.; Cain, Kelli L.; Sallis, James F.; and Chapman, J E., "Locations of Physical Activity as Assessed by GPS in Young Adolescents." (2016). Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers. 385.


Reducing the runtime overhead needed for testing of an integrated circuit design. A determination may be made of parameters that clock routing and data routing in an integrated circuit are dependent upon. A determination is made of whether the parameters are suitable for compaction, such as by determining whether the parameters are utilized in only one of clock routing or data routing. The parameters suitable for compaction are defined or redefined into at least one proxy compacted parameter. A timing analysis for the integrated circuit is performed using the proxy compacted parameter instead of performing the timing analysis using the parameters suitable for compaction.
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Attorney, Agent or Firm: Curro; Anthony R.
1. A method of using a computing device to reduce the runtime overhead needed for testing of an integrated circuit design, the method comprising: determining, by a computing device, parameters that clock routing and data routing in an integrated circuit are dependent upon, the parameters comprising any source of variation in the integrated circuit which impact a delay or slew of voltage through the integrated circuit; determining, by the computing device, whether the parameters are suitable for compaction by determining whether the parameters are utilized in only one of clock routing and data routing; redefining, by the computing device, the parameters suitable for compaction into at least one proxy compacted parameter; performing, by the computing device, a path-based or a block-based statistical static timing analysis for the integrated circuit using the at least one proxy compacted parameter instead of performing the timing analysis using the parameters suitable for compaction; generating an updated circuit design for the integrated circuit if the integrated circuit design fails the statistical static timing analysis, and fabricating the updated circuit design, wherein the parameters are selected from a group consisting of one or more of the following: variation in a thickness of a fabricated component in the integrated circuit, variation in a wire segment or silicon transistor shape in the integrated circuit, variation in dopants or implants utilized in the manufacture of the integrated circuit, variations in device threshold voltage, variations in supply voltage for the integrated circuit, variations in device threshold voltage, variations in supply voltage for the integrated circuit, and variations in a temperature across the integrated circuit.
The present invention relates generally to the field of static timing analysis of a microchip or an integrated circuit design, and more particularly to analysis and reduction of runtime overhead needed for statistical static timing analysis of an integrated circuit design.
Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method, system, and computer program product for using a computing device to reduce runtime overhead needed for testing of an integrated circuit design. The computing device determines parameters that clock routing and data routing in the integrated circuit are dependent upon. The computing device determines whether the parameters are suitable for compaction by determining whether the parameters are utilized in only one of clock routing and data routing. The computing device redefines the parameters suitable for compaction into at least one proxy compacted parameter. The computing device performs a timing analysis for the integrated circuit using the at least one proxy compacted parameter, instead of performing the timing analysis using the parameters suitable for compaction.
In an alternative embodiment, the present invention discloses a method, system, and computer program product for using a computing device to reduce the runtime overhead needed for testing of an integrated circuit design. Parameters of the integrated circuit design suitable for compaction are determined. The parameters suitable for compaction are defined into at least one proxy compacted parameter set. A timing analysis is performed for the integrated circuit design utilizing the proxy compacted parameter set.
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating an environment for testing and improving runtime overhead for an integrated circuit design, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram showing a process of redefining parameters for compaction and performing a timing analysis for the integrated circuit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a simplified circuit diagram of clock paths and data paths, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart depicting operational steps that a hardware component of a hardware appliance may execute, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting operation steps that a hardware component of a hardware appliance may execute, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 depicts a block diagram of components of user computer and/or computer executing computer aided design software of FIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 depicts a cloud computing environment, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 depicts abstraction model layers, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Integrated circuits continue to increase in complexity, while consumers and corporations demand increasingly accelerated design and testing phases to send a finished product to the market in the fastest way possible. As manufacturing process and environmental variation in the integrated circuit increases more process corners are required to cover variation which may slow down development of the integrated circuit into a commercial product. Process corners are the extremes of parameter variation under which the integrated circuit must be designed to function. A need therefore exists for a more efficient manner of testing an integrated circuit design before production. Presented is a method, system and computer program product for parameter collapsing and corner reduction, allowing the collapsing of integrated circuit parameters during the course of testing to allow multiple parameters to be tested as one, and corresponding reduction in the number of corners needed for testing of the integrated circuit.
"Parameters" as described with reference to this patent application are any of sources of variation which arise in the course of design of an integrated circuit which impact the delay or slew of voltage through elements of the integrated circuit, and hence impact circuit performance. Since integrated circuits are engineered and fabricated on a very small scale, the nearly microscopic or microscopic components utilized in the integrated circuit are subject to some variation simply because of their extremely small size. Parameters may include, by means of non-limiting example, variation in a width of a fabricated component in the integrated circuit, variation in a thickness of a fabricated component in the integrated circuit, variation in a wire segment or a silicon transistor shape in the integrated circuit, line edge roughness of a metal or a silicon in the integrated circuit, variation in dopants or implants utilized in the manufacture of the integrated circuit, variations in device threshold voltage, variations in supply voltage for the integrated circuit, and variations in a temperature across the integrated circuit. The effects of these parameters on circuit performance must be evaluated, as further described herein, to ensure the design functions with adequate yield over the full range of manufacturing and environmental conditions.
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating an environment for testing and improving runtime overhead for an integrated circuit 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In an exemplary embodiment, included in the environment 100 is an IC Testing Computer Device 120 and a Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130, all interconnected via a network 140.
In various embodiments, network 140 represents, for example, an intranet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet, and includes wired, wireless, or fiber optic connections. In general, network 140 may be any combination of connections and protocols that will support communications between IC Testing Computer Device 120 and Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
In various embodiments, IC Testing Computer Device 120 and Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130 may be, for example, a mainframe or a mini computer, a terminal, a laptop, a tablet, a netbook personal computer (PC), a mobile device, or a desktop computer, or any other sort of computing, in accordance with the embodiments described herein. IC Testing Computer Device 120 and Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130 may include internal and external hardware components as depicted and described in further detail below with reference to FIG. 6, below. In other embodiments, each of IC Testing Computer Device 120 and Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130 may be implemented in a cloud computing environment, as described in relation to FIGS. 7 and 8, below. In a still further embodiment, the IC Testing Computer Device 120 and Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130 are embodied in physically the same computing device, with all communications between various components made internally.
IC Testing Computer Device 120, in effect, represents any sort of computing device possessing sufficient processing power to execute software to be utilized in testing of an integrated circuit design. The IC Testing Computer Device 120 terminal may, in testing the integrated circuit design, utilize a hosted workload 96 as displayed in connection with FIG. 8 below, and/or perform other tasks as further described herein. In the exemplary embodiment, IC Testing Computer Device 120 includes a User Interface 121, a CAD Interface Tool 123, a Parameter Assessment Tool 125, a Parameter Compaction Tool 127, Timing Analysis Software 128, and a Design Update Module 129.
User Interface 121 represents an IC Testing Computer Device 120 installation of a software interface for accessing and utilizing the IC Testing Computer Device 120. In practice, the User Interface 121 may accessed by a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or any other type of input device. The User Interface 121 may not be present at all in embodiments of the invention where all the functionality such as further described below occurs in a purely automated fashion.
CAD Interface Tool 123 represents software for accessing, downloading, and analyzing integrated circuit designs such as prepared on the Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130, as is further discussed below. In a further embodiment, the CAD Interface Tool 123 also provides functionality by which a proposed update circuit design is transmitted back to the Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130 for implementation as a new design (as discussed further below in connection with the Design Update Module 129).
Parameter Assessment Tool 125 represents software for determining parameters that clock routing and data routing in an integrated circuit are dependent upon. A clock signal, such as propagated through clock routing, as is commonly understood by one of skill in the art, is at least one oscillating signal used within the integrated circuit to keep time so as to sync actions of the integrated circuit. Syncing actions of the integrated circuit is particularly important with regard to data signal(s) which travel through varied logic circuits within the integrated circuit, and, depending on routing decisions made, could arrive at the same portions of the logic circuits at different times because of the different relative lengths of the path of the logic circuit, different paths, etc. Syncing actions of the data signal may include, for example, ascertaining that the data signal arrives at various points within the integrated circuit at the correct time. As the signals propagate through the integrated circuit, each of clock routing and data routing travels through a variety different components that are composed of different "parameters." Whether the parameters be varying levels of fabricated components within the integrated circuit, certain wire segments, etc., since the parameters could have the effect of speeding up or delaying the various clock signals and data signals at issue, they must be modeled before manufacture. The Parameter Assessment Tool 125, in effect, evaluates sources of variation unique to the clock routing, evaluates sources of variation unique to the data routing, and/or determines parameters having insignificant impact on either. In an alternative embodiment, the Parameter Assessment Tool 125 leverages design knowledge of which parameters are suitable for compaction, the design knowledge obtained during an initial design phase.
Parameter Assessment Tool 125 also represents software for determining whether the parameters that clock routing and data routing are dependent upon are suitable for compaction, via a determination of whether the parameters appear in and are utilized in only one of clock routing and data routing. If the parameters appear in both clock routing and data routing, the parameters may not be suitable for compaction. The Parameter Assessment Tool 125 may further determine whether it is physically feasible to compact parameters (i.e. is it physically legitimate to compact the parameters, such as because they are all of the same family of parameter variation (for example, metal layer thickness), or because independent modeling is otherwise not required for any needed analysis).
Parameter Compaction Tool 127 represents software which redefines parameters for compaction into at least one proxy compacted parameter, if appropriate. In effect, the Parameter Compaction Tool 127 redefines the parameters to be compacted into a lesser number of parameters, so as to lower the number of parameters tested. This process is further described below.
Timing Analysis Software 128 represents software for actually performing a timing analysis and testing the parameters in the integrated circuit. If any parameters have been combined into proxy compacted parameters, the timing analysis is performed upon the proxy compacted parameter rather than independently upon each parameter which has been compacted. This serves to realize an advantage of the invention in reducing runtime overhead, obviating the need to test each parameter individually. The timing analysis, as understood by one of skill in the art, is typically a statistical static timing analysis ("SSTA"). SSTA, or other timing analysis, is an important step in design of integrated circuits because it is the step in design where race conditions or hazards which could cause an integrated circuit to malfunction are identified, the speed of the integrated circuit is determined, and obstacles which lower the operational speed of the integrated circuit are found, among other reasons.
The proxy compacted parameters may be tested by an SSTA path-based algorithm, an SSTA block-based algorithm, or another. Block-based algorithms, the most efficient technique, compute signal arrival times (or signal required arrival times) as functions of process parameters for each circuit node in its topological order. Path-based SSTA algorithms, on the other hand, analyze each signal propagation path separately, and calculate the probability distribution for circuit delay as the probabilistic maximum of all path delays. Path-based SSTA algorithms are less commonly used than block-based algorithms. The end result of a timing analysis performed by the Timing Analysis Software 128 is dependent upon the number of parameters that may be collapsed. The runtime needed for testing of the integrated circuit design scales nearly linearly with the number of parameters being modeled, and so the runtime reduction introduced by collapsing of parameters scales roughly linearly with the number of parameters collapsed.
In a further embodiment, the Timing Analysis Software 128 may also test all other parameters present in the integrated circuit individually which have not been proxy compacted. The results of the Timing Analysis Software 128 may simply be a "pass" or a "fail." In a further embodiment, the proxy compacted parameter is not analyzed independently, but rather applied as a mean shift after calculation. In this embodiment, once the collapsed level of variation has been quantified with the proxy compacted parameter(s), it is applied as a shift to the mean of the timing distribution for propagation, rather than being propagated as an additional independent source of variation.
The Design Update Module 129 generates an updated circuit design for the integrated circuit if the timing analysis fails, the updated circuit design allowing the integrated circuit design to pass the timing tests presented. The Design Update Module 129 is shown as implemented in the IC Testing Computer Device 120, but in a further embodiment is implemented directly in the Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130, or elsewhere. The updated circuit design is targeted at a correction of the flaw in the integrated circuit leading to the failure of the timing analysis, and serves to allow the integrated circuit to pass a subsequent timing analysis. The newly updated design as well may require testing, such as presented by the current invention. Alternately, instead of suggesting an updated circuit design by the Design Update Module 129, the Design Update Module 129 may automatically present a waiver to a user. The waiver provides informed consent that the integrated circuit design has failed testing to the user, but allows the failed design to proceed to manufacture, if desired.
Continuing with regard to FIG. 1, Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130, as stated previously, represents any sort of computing platform possessing sufficient processing power to execute software to be utilized in testing of an integrated circuit design, and perform the other tasks as further described herein. In the exemplary embodiment, Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130 includes a User Interface 131, an IC Design Module 133, and an Interface Module 135. The Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130, as described in more detail below, is involved in the generation of computer-aided design plans for integrated circuits.
User Interface 131 allows a user to access and utilize the Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130 for the design of integrated circuits. Various tools are available for the design of various aspects of the integrated circuit, as well as visualize the results in various stages of completion. As would be understood by one of skill in the art, the design of integrated circuits is at least in-part automated, to account for their extremely complex nature.
IC Design Module 133, after receiving inputs from the User Interface 131 regarding various characteristics of the IC design requested by the user, produces a design of the integrated circuit accounting for design objectives, various known rules, and design limitations, some of which may be unique to the design and some of which are general to all integrated circuit design.
The Interface Module 135 is a software module for communication with the IC Testing Computer Device 120. In effect, the interface module 135 transmits a proposed IC design to the IC Testing Computer Device 120 (specifically via the CAD Interface Tool 123), and, after the IC Testing Computer Device 120 has finished testing the proposed design, receives the results of testing performed.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram showing a process of redefining parameters for compaction and performing a timing analysis for the integrated circuit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The IC Testing Computer Device 120 is pictured. The IC Testing Computer Device 120 receives an integrated circuit design for testing (such as from the Computer-Aided Design Terminal 130), through the CAD Interface Tool 123 associated with the IC Testing Computer Device 120. The IC Testing Computer Device 120, utilizing the Parameter Assessment Tool 125, determines the parameters that clock routing and data routing are dependent upon, or, in effect those parameters encountered in the various circuit elements traveled. The results are shown 210. Clock routing and data routing depend upon parameters P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, and P15, as displayed 210.
Continuing with regard to FIG. 2, the IC Testing Computer Device 120, again using the Parameter Assessment Tool 125, then determines which parameters are encountered in only one of clock routing and data routing, but not both, and are therefore suitable for compaction. The IC Testing Computer Device 120 determines that clock routing 230 encounters only parameters P2, P3, P4, and P5, as displayed 235, whereas data routing 220 encounters all of parameters P1 through P15, as displayed 225. Such data is stored for later use by the IC Testing Computer Device 120, and the computer device 120 determines parameters P1, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, and P15 are encountered exclusively in data routing 265. These parameters are, therefore, appropriate for redefinition and collapse into a proxy compacted parameter, for timing analysis purposes. The IC Testing Computer Device 120 then, via the Parameter Compaction Tool 127, redefines the parameters suitable for compaction 265 into at least one proxy compacted parameter, displayed P.sub.collapse 270 in FIG. 2. The IC Testing Computer Device 120, via the Timing Analysis Software 128, then performs the timing analysis for the integrated circuit using the proxy compacted parameter P.sub.collapse 270, rather than directly on the individual parameters suitable for compaction, and determines whether the integrated circuit passes or fails. On the other hand, parameters P2, P3, P4, and P5, as displayed 251, 253, 255, and 257, are encountered in both clock routing and data routing, so are not appropriate for compaction. The IC Testing Computer Device 120 proceeds to test each of these parameters individually, and determines whether each passes or fails.
FIG. 3 is a simplified circuit 300 diagram of clock paths and data paths, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As understood by one of skill in the art, clock signal 310 is generated to be utilized by various components of the circuit 300 in maintaining synchronization among various components of the integrated circuit. The clock signal 310 on clock path can only have clock inverters and clock buffers as its elements. The common clock path 320, as displayed, along which the clock signal travels before traveling through junction 325.
The capture clock path 350 receives the clock signal transmitted along the clock path 317 from junction 325, before the clock signal arrives at clock input 367, and latches the data signal at data input 363 into capture storage element latch 360. As is displayed in FIG. 3, the clock signal travels through circuit elements sensitive to parameters P2, P3, P4, and P5, as displayed 235. The capture clock path 350 is also responsible for indicating to the latch 340 that data from the data path 312 is be stored in the latch 340, as further discussed below.
Launch clock path 330 is responsible for carrying a data signal once the clock signal reaches the launch storage element 340 at input 343. The data path 312 is then launched via output Q 347. The data signal on data path 312 can have any combination of gate along data path 312. The data signal at launch storage element output Q 347 travels along the data path 312 to data input 363 of capture storage element 360. As is displayed in FIG. 3, parameters P1 through P15 are utilized by the data signal traveling along the data path 312, as shown 225. As discussed elsewhere herein, knowledge of parameters that clock routing and data routing are dependent upon is necessary for the operation of the presently disclosed invention. So long as the data signal arrives at input 363 and the clock signal arrives at input 367 within a certain window of time of each other, the capture storage element 360 state changes, and further logical executions may occur in the simplified circuit 300 (not displayed here).
FIG. 4 is a flowchart depicting operational steps that a hardware and software component of a hardware appliance may execute, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. At step 405, the Parameter Assessment Tool 125 determines parameters that clock routing and data routing in the integrated circuit are dependent upon. The Parameter Assessment Tool 125 may, in order to determine parameters that clock routing and data routing are dependent upon, evaluate sources of variation unique to the clock routing, evaluate sources of variation unique to the data routing, and/or determine parameters having insignificant impact on either. At step 410, the Parameter Assessment Tool 125 determines whether the parameters are suitable for compaction via a determination of whether the parameters are encountered in only one of clock routing and data routing in the integrated circuit. At step 415, the Parameter Compaction Tool 127 redefines the parameters suitable for compaction into at least one proxy compacted parameter. At step 420, Timing Analysis Software 128 performs a timing analysis for the integrated circuit using the at least one proxy compacted parameter instead of performing a timing analysis on the same parameters which have been compacted individually. The timing analysis may be, as discussed previously, an SSTA block-based analysis or an SSTA path-based analysis. Alternately, the proxy compacted parameter may not be analyzed independently but rather applied as a mean shift after calculation. At step 425, if the timing analysis fails, the Design Update Module 129 suggests an updated circuit design for the integrated circuit. The updated circuit design allows the integrated circuit to pass testing, as discussed elsewhere herein.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting operation steps that a hardware component of a hardware appliance may execute, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. At step 505, the Parameter Assessment Tool 125 determines parameters of an integrated circuit design suitable for compaction. At step 510, the Parameter Compaction Tool 127 defines the parameters suitable for compaction into at least one proxy compacted parameter set. At step 515, the Timing Analysis Software 128 performs a timing analysis for the integrated circuit using the at least one proxy compacted parameter set. As in previous embodiments, the timing analysis may be an SSTA block-based analysis or an SSTA path-based analysis. At step 520, the Design Update Module 129 suggest an updated circuit design for the integrated circuit.
FIG. 6 depicts a block diagram of components of IC Testing Computer Device 120 of the environment for testing and improving runtime overhead for an integrated circuit design of FIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. It should be appreciated that FIG. 6 provides only an illustration of one implementation and does not imply any limitations with regard to the environments in which different embodiments may be implemented. Many modifications to the depicted environment may be made.
IC Testing Computer Device 120 may include one or more processors 902, one or more computer-readable RAMs 904, one or more computer-readable ROMs 906, one or more computer readable storage media 908, device drivers 912, read/write drive or interface 914, network adapter or interface 916, all interconnected over a communications fabric 918. Communications fabric 918 may be implemented with any architecture designed for passing data and/or control information between processors (such as microprocessors, communications and network processors, etc.), system memory, peripheral devices, and any other hardware components within a system.
One or more operating systems 910, and one or more application programs 911, for example, presentation program 110, are stored on one or more of the computer readable storage media 908 for execution by one or more of the processors 902 via one or more of the respective RAMs 904 (which typically include cache memory). In the illustrated embodiment, each of the computer readable storage media 908 may be a magnetic disk storage device of an internal hard drive, CD-ROM, DVD, memory stick, magnetic tape, magnetic disk, optical disk, a semiconductor storage device such as RAM, ROM, EPROM, flash memory or any other computer-readable tangible storage device that can store a computer program and digital information.
IC Testing Computer Device 120 may also include a R/W drive or interface 914 to read from and write to one or more portable computer readable storage media 926. Application programs 911 on IC Testing Computer Device 120 may be stored on one or more of the portable computer readable storage media 926, read via the respective R/W drive or interface 914 and loaded into the respective computer readable storage media 908.
IC Testing Computer Device 120 may also include a network adapter or interface 916, such as a TCP/IP adapter card or wireless communication adapter (such as a 4G wireless communication adapter using OFDMA technology). Application programs 911 IC Testing Computer Device 120 may be downloaded to the computing device from an external computer or external storage device via a network (for example, the Internet, a local area network or other wide area network or wireless network) and network adapter or interface 916. From the network adapter or interface 916, the programs may be loaded onto computer readable storage media 908. The network may comprise copper wires, optical fibers, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers.
IC Testing Computer Device 120 may also include a display screen 920, a keyboard or keypad 922, and a computer mouse or touchpad 924. Device drivers 912 interface to display screen 920 for imaging, to keyboard or keypad 922, to computer mouse or touchpad 924, and/or to display screen 920 for pressure sensing of alphanumeric character entry and user selections. The device drivers 912, R/W drive or interface 914 and network adapter or interface 916 may comprise hardware and software (stored on computer readable storage media 908 and/or ROM 906).
The present invention may be a method, system, and/or computer program product at any possible technical detail level of integration. The computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium (or media) having computer readable program instructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of the present invention.
Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, computer program products, and apparatus (systems) according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer readable program instructions.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of method, system, and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the Figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
Referring now to FIG. 7, illustrative cloud computing environment 50 is depicted. As shown, cloud computing environment 50 includes one or more cloud computing nodes 10 with which local computing devices used by cloud consumers, such as, for example, personal digital assistant (PDA) or cellular telephone 54A, desktop computer 54B, laptop computer 54C, and/or automobile computer system 54N may communicate. Nodes 10 may communicate with one another. They may be grouped (not shown) physically or virtually, in one or more networks, such as Private, Community, Public, or Hybrid clouds as described hereinabove, or a combination thereof. This allows cloud computing environment 50 to offer infrastructure, platforms and/or software as services for which a cloud consumer does not need to maintain resources on a local computing device. It is understood that the types of computing devices 54A-N shown in FIG. 7 are intended to be illustrative only and that computing nodes 10 and cloud computing environment 50 can communicate with any type of computerized device over any type of network and/or network addressable connection (e.g., using a web browser).
In one example, management layer 80 may provide the functions described below. Resource provisioning 81 provides dynamic procurement of computing resources and other resources that are utilized to perform tasks within the cloud computing environment. Metering and Pricing 82 provide cost tracking as resources are utilized within the cloud computing environment, and billing or invoicing for consumption of these resources. In one example, these resources may include application software licenses. Security provides identity verification for cloud consumers and tasks, as well as protection for data and other resources. User portal 83 provides access to the cloud computing environment for consumers and system administrators. Service level management 84 provides cloud computing resource allocation and management such that required service levels are met. Service Level Agreement (SLA) planning and fulfillment 85 provide pre-arrangement for, and procurement of, cloud computing resources for which a future requirement is anticipated in accordance with an SLA. Workloads layer 90 provides examples of functionality for which the cloud computing environment may be utilized. Examples of workloads and functions which may be provided from this layer include: mapping and navigation 91; software development and lifecycle management 92; virtual classroom education delivery 93; data analytics processing 94; transaction processing 95; and the environment for testing and improving runtime overhead for an integrated circuit design 96.
Based on the foregoing, a method, system, and computer program product have been disclosed. However, numerous modifications and substitutions can be made without deviating from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention has been disclosed by way of example and not limitation.


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Home News Judy Blume joins YALC line-up
Judy Blume joins YALC line-up
Published April 30, 2015 by Charlotte Eyre
US author Judy Blume is taking part in this year's Young Adult Literature Convention (YALC), which is taking place 17-19th July at Olympia, London.
Blume...
Blume will be interviewed by Patrick Ness on the 18th July to mark 40 years since her coming-of-age novel, Forever, was first published.
Other new authors announced today include Louise O'Neill, winner of the 2015 YA Book Prize, Geek Girl author Holly Smale, and two of the authors on the shortlist for this year's Carnegie Medal - Brian Conaghan and Frances Hardinge - shortlisted for When Mr Dog Bites (Bloomsbury) and Cuckoo Song (Macmillan Children's Books), respectively.
The new authors will join previously announced writers such as Darren Shan, Sally Green and Kevin Brooks.
Louise O'Neill
YA Book Prize
Indies strong on YA Book Prize shortlist
Crossan scoops Ireland's Children's Book of the Year Award
Louise O'Neill wins inaugural YA Book Prize
O'Farrell, Whitehead, Osman and Slimani join Cheltenham Festival line-up
YA Book Prize: 5 Questions with Louise O'Neill


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157 Wilson Street - Brooklyn, NY 11211 - 718-302-4018
Enrichment & Athletics
NYC Board of Trustees
Want to see our schools in action? You can sign up for a visit by filling out our registration form here and selecting the date and school of your choice.
Williamsburg Collegiate Charter School
157 Wilson Street
Take the J, M, or Z train heading toward Brooklyn/Queens (at the Fulton Street station, an easily accessible stop to catch the J, M, or Z since the 2/3 and 4/5 both stop there, walk in the direction of signs pointing you toward Metropolitan Avenue/Jamaica Center).
Get off at the first stop in Brooklyn, Marcy Avenue. When you get downstairs, you'll be at the corner of Marcy Ave and Broadway. Don't cross Broadway.
Marcy Ave is a one-way street so you should walk in the direction the traffic is flowing.
Turn right onto Division Avenue after one block on Marcy.
Turn left onto Wilson Street after one block on Division.
After one-and-a-half blocks along Wilson, the entrance to the school -- we share the building with PS 16 -- will be halfway down the block on your right, between Lee and Bedford Avenues.
Sign in at the front desk. We're on the 5th floor.
Go over the Williamsburg Bridge from Delancey Street on the Lower East Side. Get in the right lane and take the first exit off the bridge on your right (Broadway exit).
The exit will split into two; go straight through the light onto Roebling Street, don't make a right onto Broadway.
At the 4th set of lights (after Division Avenue), make a left onto Lee Avenue.
Make your first right onto Wilson Street and the entrance to PS 16 will be halfway down the block on your right, between Lee and Bedford Avenues.
Take the 2/3 or 4/5 train to Fulton Street in Manhattan and follow the directions under 'By Subway from Manhattan' listed above.
Take the F train to Delancey Street to catch the J/M/Z train.
Walk upstairs in the direction of signs pointing you toward the J/M/Z, Metropolitan Avenue/Jamaica Center.
Take the BQE to the Flushing Avenue exit. Get in the right lane as you exit.
Go through three lights crossing Flushing, Kent, and Wythe Avenues.
At the fourth light, make a left onto Bedford Avenue.
After 8-9 blocks (you'll cross back over the BQE), you'll see PS 16 on your right at the corner of Wilson Street and Bedford Avenue.
Either park nearby and walk up Wilson Street to the main entrance in the middle of the block or make your next right onto Taylor Street, a right onto Lee Avenue, and a right onto Wilson Street to park on Wilson, closer to the main entrance.


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Buzzard Cam 2015
Raptor Scouts 2015 – 2016
NIRSG 2015 annual conference
« New Report Highlights Raptor Persecution & Poisoning in Northern Ireland
Police raise concerns after 3 birds found to have been poisoned »
Peregrine falcon found dead in Glenwherry Co. Antrim
A peregrine falcon has been found dead in Glenwherry, Co. Antrim, in Northern Ireland, in the exact same location that a young peregrine was found shot in 2012. The peregrine was discovered on 11th April 2016 and was sent to AFBI for post-mortem. It is strongly suspected that the peregrine has been illegally killed.
Dr Marc Ruddock from the Northern Ireland Raptor Study Group, who has monitored the peregrines in this area for over a decade along with other volunteers stated: "It is deeply frustrating to think that someone might have gone out of their way to target this bird if the post mortem confirms an illegal act. In 2014 there were only 57 successful breeding peregrine pairs across the whole of Northern Ireland. The loss of a breeding adult has the potential to lead to the desertion of a historical breeding site and widespread persecution could result in serious implications for the viability of the Northern Ireland population of peregrines."
Dr Ruddock continued "NIRSG volunteers will be increasing surveillance and monitoring at peregrine sites across the country immediately in order to protect nesting sites at this time of year and will report any suspicious activity to the PSNI and would urge the public to be vigilant and also report any suspicious activity or vehicles in the vicinity of any cliffs or quarries immediately to PSNI".
Wildlife legislation, namely the Wildlife (Northern Ireland) Order 1985 as amended by the Wildlife and Natural Environment (NI) Act 2011, protects all birds of prey from persecution and disturbance during the breeding season by special penalties. Penalties can include fines up to a £5,000 fine per offence and/or a custodial sentence.
Crimes against birds of prey include, but are not limited to, poisoning, trapping and shooting. The setting of poison baits in the open is illegal because it is indiscriminate and has the potential to kill birds of prey as well as other wildlife, pets, livestock and people.
Dr Eimear Rooney, NIRSG representative in the Partnership for Action against Wildlife Crime (PAW), stated: "Disappointingly our fieldworkers detect incidents of raptor crime each year, particularly of peregrine falcons, red kites and buzzards being poisoned or shot. Wildlife crime incidents, particularly where they occur in remote locations, can often go unreported. PAW are working hard to raise awareness both of the law and the protection it affords birds of prey. However, there are clearly still those individuals who are determined to kill birds of prey".
The NIRSG wishes to send a clear message to these people, persecution of birds of prey will not be tolerated. It does not matter how small each piece of information that members of the public have, it could help the PSNI protect our raptor species and prosecute offenders and would urge people to pass this information either directly to Police on 101 or anonymously to Crimestoppers on 0800 555 111.
The NIRSG are very grateful to the landowners who promptly reported the incident allowing the police to attend the scene very rapidly. Anyone with information on raptor crimes are urged to contact their local PSNI on 101. In March 2016, the PSNI launched Operation Raptor to increase public awareness and encourage reporting of crimes against birds or prey.
• Raptor crimes often comprise illegal shooting, trapping or poisoning events and may occur at any time of the year. It is also illegal to cause disturbance to all raptors or damage their nests or eggs.
• Wildlife legislation, namely the Wildlife (Northern Ireland) Order 1985 as amended by the Wildlife and Natural Environment (NI) Act 2011 protects birds of prey from disturbance and/or destruction by special penalties. Penalties can include a custodial sentence and/or up to a £5,000 fine per offence.
• All raptors are listed on Schedule 1 of the order and there are six raptor species which receive additional protection on Schedule A1 which protects them and their nests from disturbance or destruction at all times of the year. Schedule A1 includes peregrine falcon, red kite, barn owl, golden eagle white-tailed eagle and osprey.
• In the spring of 2014, the PAWNI Raptor Priority Sub-Group produced an information leaflet on raptor crime detection and reporting in Northern Ireland which can be downloaded here: https://www.nirsg.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/PAWNI-Raptor-Crime-Leaflet.pdf
• The NIRSG was founded in 1991 and is a voluntary organisation that studies, researches and monitors birds of prey (raptors) across Northern Ireland. We encourage the conservations of raptors and provide information on breeding and wintering raptors to statutory agencies and non-government organisations to ensure effective and practical management and conservation. We raise awareness and profile of all raptor species and inform and assist the police and wildlife agency regarding crimes against raptors. More information can be found at www.nirsg.com
Raptor Gallery
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Home | What We Do | News | Projects | Home | Sightings | Reports and Publications | Contacts
Copyright © 2023 Northern Ireland Raptor Study Group. All Rights Reserved.


Airplanes and airports are great places to observe new cultural trends and impacts on people. I remember when texting first became a big phenomenon. For a while I thought there was an increase in public praying as everyone was looking down in what appeared to be a prayer posture. I soon discovered that they were engaged in this new phenomenon called texting.
So what's big on airplanes now? Passengers routinely and faithfully shut all of the windows and blinds. They plunge themselves and everyone else into total darkness. That's because everyone is on their electronic devices and need to block out the light. To save energy especially in hot weather, even flight attendants tell passengers to close the shades. I am convinced that some people get window seats just so they can slam the shades shut.
I really enjoy looking out of the windows of the airplane to get a panoramic aerial view of the landscape. It may be gloomy, dark, cloudy, and rainy in the departure city; however, 30,000 feet in the air it is sunny and beautiful. The clouds are gorgeous and peaceful providing lots of opportunity to dream, imagine, and create. The Rocky Mountains, especially from Denver to Aspen, are an amazing moon scape that I view with awe. I am deeply inspired by natural beauty and some of my best ideas come to me at 30,000 feet. I also love night landings where the lights of the city look like the inside of a giant computer. It's all quite amazing.
Since I sit on the aisle rather than the window seat, I've had to adopt a few strategies for finding the light. I board early and raise the shades before my seat partner arrives. Sometimes, they keep the shades open because they are already open. At other times, I negotiate for partial views rather than total darkness. When the shades are up I make a point of intently looking out of the window with great interest so my partner gets the idea that maybe there's something of value out there.
Enjoy opportunities while you have them. Sometimes the window of opportunity is short.
Share what you see so others can benefit. We don't all see the same things.
And when all is said and done and you're plunged into darkness anyway, you can always take a nap.


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July 2019 – August 2023 Jul 2019 – Aug 2023
La Leche League: Breastfeeding Support Group @ Neighborhood House High Point
La Leche League: Breastfeeding Support Group
4th Monday of the month
10 am-12 pm
Location: 6400 Sylvan Way SW
Please join our La Leche League meetings on the 4th Monday of every month from 10 am-12 pm. La Leche League is a breastfeeding support group for new parents. Children and partners are welcome.
*all programs offered through the Family Resource Center at Neighborhood House High Point are free and open to anyone who wishes to attend.
Categories: For Parents
Baby Story Time @ Southwest Library
It is baby story time at the Southwest Library Branch! Bring your babies to enjoy stories, rhymes, songs and fun with our children's librarian.
Library events and programs are free and everyone is welcome. Registration is not required.
Story times are some of our most popular events! Please come early to make sure you get a seat. Due to the fire code, we can't exceed the maximum capacity for our rooms.
Categories: For Parents Kid Stuff Story Times
Aug 26 @ 10:00 am – 12:00 pm
Oct 28 @ 10:00 am – 12:00 pm
Nov 25 @ 10:00 am – 12:00 pm
Dec 23 @ 10:00 am – 12:00 pm
Jan 27 @ 10:00 am – 12:00 pm
Feb 24 @ 10:00 am – 12:00 pm
Mar 23 @ 10:00 am – 12:00 pm


The marquee Texas political matchup has been called.
Ted Cruz is returning to the U.S. Senate for another term. I won't yet declare he'll be there for a full six years, given that I happen to believe the Republican has his eyes on a bigger political prize.
My preferred candidate, Beto O'Rourke, fell short in his titanic effort to unseat Cruz. He didn't fall short by much. He came close, but as they say: Close only counts in horseshoes and hand grenades.
I'll have more to say about Beto's effort later. I need to get some shut-eye. My initial sense is that the young man's political future is far from over. Nor is the Democrats' energy about to subside, given how close they came to seizing a Senate seat from the Republicans.
As part of the bigger midterm election picture, Republicans are going to retain control of the Senate, possibly with a bit of an increased cushion of two or three seats.
The House is a different picture. As I write this post, Democrats are poised to take over the lower chamber. The gavel will be passed to Democrats. Get ready for a subpoena storm as Democrats summon Donald Trump's closest advisers to Capitol Hill to testify on a whole array of matters associated with, oh you know, the president's myriad troubles.
I wish the Senate race had finished differently in Texas. The Cruz Missile is going back to Capitol Hill. I'm quite sure he'll pick up where he left off, antagonizing his fellow Republicans and enraging the rest of us with his brazen demagoguery.
As for the president of the United States, I also am quite sure he's going to take all the credit for the GOP triumph in the Senate and he'll fabricate some pretext for the result that turns the House into a Democratic playground.
I am tired this evening. I am going to get a good night's sleep. I'll wake up tomorrow. The sun will rise above the eastern horizon. I intend to have a good day.


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Pandya, Jadeja take India to 302/5
Canberra [Australia], December 2 (ANI): All-rounder Hardik Pandya (unbeaten on 92 off 76 balls) continued his good form with the bat and found able company in Ravindra Jadeja (unbeaten on 66 off 50 balls) as India managed to finish on 302/5 in their 50 overs in the third ODI against Australia at the Manuka Oval on Wednesday.
Having lost the series after losing the first two ODIs in the three-match series, Kohli went into the third game with four changes and decided to give Shubman Gill an opportunity at the top of the order. While the batsman hit a 39-ball 33, the opening partnership did not produce much for the Indians as Shikhar Dhawan was dismissed for 16 by Sean Abbott.
Coming in with the score on 26/1, Kohli once again looked to stay positive and took on the Australian bowlers as he reached the 12,000-ODI runs during the course of his innings of 63. But the Indian middle-order once again failed to rise to the challenge against the Australian batsmen as spin partners Adam Zampa and Ashton Agar sent back Shreyas Iyer (19) and KL Rahul (5) respectively.
With the score reading 123/4 in the 26th over, it looked like the Indian batting would fail to repose the faith shown by skipper Kohli in deciding to bat first after winning the toss. But Pandya decided to stick on and build a partnership with Kohli. The two were in fact looking good in the middle when Hazlewood once again sent Kohli back for 63 against the run of play. The pacer has now dismissed the Indian captain four times in the last four encounters between the two countries.
The game looked tilted in favour of Australia when Jadeja came in to bat with the score reading 152/5 in the 32nd over. But the spin-bowling all-rounder showed intent from the word go as he took on the Australian bowling. Pandya too ensured that the foot was on the pedal and the home bowlers were not allowed to make any further inroads.
Pandya and Jadeja combined beautifully to compile an unbeaten 150-run partnership as the Indians ensured they finished well. The last eight overs saw the Indian pair go on overdrive mode as they picked 98 runs, 93 of those coming in the last seven.
Brief Scores: India: 302/5 (Pandya 92, Jadeja 66; Agar 2/44) vs Australia (ANI)


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"If the music was changing, why wasn't the format of the jazz magazine shifting around?" Straight from the mind of polymath musician/artist Jason Moran comes a new kind of music publication. Looking at jazz culture from an African American perspective, LOOP features the voices of Moran, his friends, family, and collaborators, including Matana Roberts, Kendrick Scott, Jamaaladeen Tacuma, Greg Tate, and Cassandra Wilson, among others. In cooperation with the artist and Luhring Augustine, the Walker Art Center is honored to host LOOP—its inaugural issue, originally published in 2016, and all future ones—in digital form right here on Walker Reader.
LOOP Magazine, Issue 1 (Print Edition)
© 2016 Jason Moran and Luhring Augustine
Published by Jason Moran and Luhring Augustine
531 W24th St. New York NY 10011
+ 1–212–206–9100 info@luhringaugustine.com
All rights reserved. Printed in New York City.
Editor-in-Chief: Jason Moran
Co-editor: Alicia Hall Moran
Associate Editor: Dave O'Neill
Proofreader: Kelli Rae Patton
Design: Omnivore
All photos by Jason Moran, except:
pp. 12-13: Cassandra Wilson; pp. 16, 18-19, 21: Sound Evidence; p. 23:
Ayanna Bassiouni; p. 25: Google Street View; pp. 28-31: William P. Gottlieb;
p. 33: Jean-Pierre Leloir; pp. 34-37: Kendrick Scott; p. 46: Matana Roberts
This online presentation of LOOP magazine has been modified from the print version, published in 2016.


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Activism present but subdued
Observer Staff | Friday, November 20, 2009
This week, the 40th anniversary of the 'Notre Dame 10′ — the now-famous group of students suspended for their demonstration against Dow-CIA recruiting on campus — brings to mind several questions about the present state of student activism at Notre Dame.
Specifically: Where is it?
Though conditions on college campuses today are incomparable to those of the Vietnam War era — most notably there is no draft for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan — there are still issues that students are passionate about, ones they could and should work for to effect change.
The apparent lack of activism today might also be explained in part by the current career-oriented college culture, which positions students on a one-track mindset: take the right classes and land a great job that reflects the value of a Notre Dame degree. Students of the 1960s student revolution were of a different breed, going to college to get an education for education's sake, not just for the increased earning power of a degree. For many, an education included social change and protest.
In remembering the 1969 protests, it's important to note the atmosphere at Notre Dame was not like that of, say, Berkeley in the 1960s. The demonstration by the 'Notre Dame 10′ is perhaps the most-well known protest action to take place on this campus for social and political change — and it's a far cry from massive riots resulting on arrests and deaths on some college campuses in that era.
Today, the activist spirit at Notre Dame is even weaker than it was in 1969.
The lack of visible student activism is lamentable, as is the complacency and apathy of the majority of the student body. Certainly there are numbers of groups and organizations — like the Campus Labor Action Project (CLAP) and the Progressive Student Alliance (PSA) — working for change every day. There are also groups that stand up for what they believe to be right, like ND Response, which formed around last spring's Commencement controversy.
Notre Dame's Catholic culture instills the value of community service, both at home and abroad, in its students. Service is a form of activism, and it effects a necessary change. But service is only one part of the picture. Campaigning for greater social change — the work of groups like PSA, Right to Life and CLAP — is another part of the picture, and it shouldn't be ignored.
These students' efforts may not as visible as the actions of their predecessors. Destructive and violent protests and riots of the past are not called for on today's campus. But their actions, whether through petitions, marches, rallies, masses or debates, are vital. They are the active few on this campus working for the issues they believe in.
The lack of visible student activism is not their fault. They are doing their part and attempting to raise awareness. But the student body as a whole needs to open its eyes beyond the campus, classes and the job search and appreciate the work of these groups by joining them and supporting the causes that call them to act.
Braving the Winter Wonderland
The coldness has finally arrived and with it, the dynamics on the hallowed campus...
Grinding my gears
SIBC collaborates with Peking University


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Walking Dead Invade University Of Michigan
Watch: An army of the undead invaded the University of Michigan campus in Ann Arbor on Tuesday and while it may sound silly at least one professor thinks you can learn a lot from a zombie.
What can you learn from a zombie? Maybe a lot.
At least that's what a University of Michigan professor hopes her 31 graduate students took away from Tuesday's bizarre, albeit bloody, "zombie apocalypse." The classroom exercise was designed to get School of Public Health students thinking about what the appropriate response should be during a disaster.
Four times as many students who typically attend Epidemiology 651, "Epidemiology and Public Health Management of Disasters," were on hand Tuesday to welcome -- or become -- the undead. The zombie exercise was modeled after a curriculum designed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and a handful of CDC staffers also participated.
"'Zombie apocalypse' sounds a bit silly, but the point of this is to show that if we're prepared for any hazard, even the unimaginable hazards, like zombies -- because we know they don't exist -- we are capable of preparing ourselves for perhaps anything that might occur," said Dr. Eden Wells, the epidemiology professor who teaches the course and serves as the brains behind the exercise.
Wells initially wasn't sure she'd be able to persuade enough students to dress up as the undead. But by Tuesday, 120 "zombies" and other participants were on hand to take part in the exercise. As the doors to the lecture hall on the Ann Arbor campus flung open, an army of the undead unexpectedly lurched in, their arms stretched forward and their faces painted with faux blood as they aimlessly staggered among the smiling students.
Once the 90-minute exercise concluded, faculty, staff, students and those sporting fake blood and "biohazard" stickers adjourned to a hallway near the main entrance to the building, where Roby led her fellow zombies in a "flash mob"-style dance to Michael Jackson's "Thriller."
Wells said he thinks many students left with a better "understanding that preparedness is not so simple."
"We can't just tell people to be prepared," he said. "We need to exercise it all the time. And sometimes it needs to be in a fun way like this."
Ann Arbor, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, disaster preparation, Dr. Eden Wells, epidemiology professor, Michigan, school of public health, students, University of Michigan, walking dead, zombie apocolypse, zombies
Dr. Eden Wells Gets New Job, Despite Facing Trial For Flint Crimes
The top medical official in Michigan, accused of manslaughter related to the Flint Water Crisis, is rehired by the State of Michigan for a new job with better job security. Sounds legit, no?
By Aliza Worthington
Mike's Blog Round Up
Daily links to great liberal blog posts.
By Jon Perr