text:
Home Earth News
New and Strange Climate Pattern Includes More Violent El Nino Swings
TOPICS:Atmospheric ScienceClimate ChangeClimate ScienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyNOAAOceanography
By Georgia Institute of Technology November 22, 2019
On the right, satellite composition of El Nino in 1997, and on the left, El Nino in 2015. Both were extreme El Nino events that new hard evidence says are part of a new and odd climate pattern. Credit: NOAA
Compelling Hard Evidence: El Nino Swings More Violently in the Industrial Age
El Ninos have become more intense in the industrial age, which stands to worsen storms, drought, and coral bleaching in El Nino years. A new study has found compelling evidence in the Pacific Ocean that the stronger El Ninos are part of a climate pattern that is new and strange.
It is the first known time that enough physical evidence spanning millennia has come together to allow researchers to say definitively that: El Ninos, La Ninas, and the climate phenomenon that drives them have become more extreme in the times of human-induced climate change.
"What we're seeing in the last 50 years is outside any natural variability. It leaps off the baseline. Actually, we even see this for the entire period of the industrial age," said Kim Cobb, the study's principal investigator and professor in the Georgia Institute of Technology's School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. "There were three extremely strong El Nino-La Nina events in the 50-year period, but it wasn't just these events. The entire pattern stuck out."
The study's first author Pam Grothe compared temperature-dependent chemical deposits from present-day corals with those of older coral records representing relevant sea surface temperatures from the past 7,000 years. With the help of collaborators from Georgia Tech and partner research institutions, Grothe identified patterns of in the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), swings of heating and cooling of equatorial Pacific waters that, every few years, spur El Ninos and La Ninas respectively.
Pam Grothe and Alyssa Atwood drill into a 5,000-year-old coral fossil on Kiritimati Island. Credit: Georgia Tech / Grothe / Cobb lab
The team found the industrial age ENSO swings to be 25% stronger than in the pre-industrial records. The researchers published their results in the journal Geophysical Review Letters in October 2019. The work was funded by the National Science Foundation.
Slumbering evidence
The evidence had slumbered in and around shallow Pacific waters, where ENSO and El Ninos originate until Cobb and her students plunged hollow drill bits into living coral colonies and fossil coral deposits to extract it. In more than 20 years of field expeditions, they collected cores that contained hundreds of records.
In scuba gear, Georgia Tech professor Kim Cobb drills into corals in the tropical Pacific with a pneumatic coring drill to take samples for studies on recent and historic sea surface temperatures. Credit: Georgia Tech / Cobb lab
The corals' recordings of sea surface temperatures proved to be astonishingly accurate when benchmarked. Coral records from 1981 to 2015 matched sea surface temperatures measured via satellite in the same period so exactly that, on a graph, the jagged lines of the coral record covered those of the satellite measurements, obscuring them from view.
"When I present it to people, I always get asked, 'Where's the temperature measurement?' I tell them it's there, but you can't see it because the corals' records of sea surface temperatures are that good," said Grothe, a former graduate research assistant in Cobb's lab and now an associate professor at the University of Mary Washington.
First red flag?
In 2018, enough coral data had amassed to distinguish ENSO's recent activity from its natural preindustrial patterns.
To stress-test the data, Grothe left out chunks to see if the industrial age ENSO signal still stuck out. She removed the record-setting 1997/1998 El Nino-La Nina and examined industrial age windows of time between 30 and 100 years long.
The signal held in all windows, but the data needed the 97/98 event to be statistically significant. This could mean that changes in the ENSO activities have just now reached a threshold that makes them detectable.
What is El Nino?
Every two to seven years in spring, an El Nino is born when the warm phase of the ENSO swells into a long heat blob in the tropical Pacific, typically peaking in early winter. It blows through oceans and air around the world, ginning up deluges, winds, heat, or cold in unusual places.
Once El Nino passes, the cycle reverses into La Nina by the following fall, when airstreams push hot water westward and dredge up frigid water in the equatorial Pacific. This triggers a different set of global weather extremes.
Tropical Pacific corals record the hot-cold oscillations by absorbing less of an oxygen isotope (O18) during ENSO's hot phases, and progressively more of it during ENSO's cool phases. As corals grow, they create layers of oxygen isotope records, chronicles of temperature history.
Waves, repairs, contortions
Extracting them is adventurous: A research diver guides a chest-high pneumatic drill under the ocean. Its pressure hose connects to a motor on the boat that powers the drill after the diver has taken off her fins and weighed herself down on the reef.
She carefully angles the bit down the axis of coral growth to get a core with layers that can be accurately counted back in time. On occasion, waves put her and her safety diver through washing machine cycles.
"Doing this all underwater adds an extra level of difficulty, even from the simplest tasks like working with wrenches," Grothe said. "But the drill slices through underwater corals like butter. Fossil corals are drilled on land, and the drill constantly seizes up and overheats."
Blowing models away
The physical proof taken from three islands that dot the heart of the ENSO zone has also thrown down scientific gauntlets, starkly challenging computer models of ENSO patterns and causes. A prime example: Previously unknown to science, the study showed that in a period from 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, the El Nino-La Nina oscillations were extremely mild.
"Maybe there's no good explanation for a cause. Maybe it just happened," Cobb said. "Maybe El Nino can just enter a mode and get stuck in it for a millennium."
Reference: "Enhanced El Niño‐Southern Oscillation variability in recent decades" by Pamela R. Grothe, Kim M. Cobb, Giovanni Liguori, Emanuele Di Lorenzo, Antonietta Capotondi, Yanbin Lu, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards, John R. Southon, Guaciara M. Santos, Daniel M. Deocampo, Jean Lynch‐Stieglitz, Tianran Chen, Hussein R. Sayani, Diane M. Thompson, Jessica L. Conroy, Andrea L. Moore, Kayla Townsend, Melat Hagos, Gemma O'Connor and Lauren T. Toth, 25 October 2019, Geophysical Review Letters.
DOI: 10.1029/2019GL083906
These researchers coauthored the study: Giovanni Liguori, Emanuele Di Lorenzo, Jean Lynch-Stieglitz, Hussein Sayani, Kayla Townsend, Melat Hagos, and Gemma O'Connor from Georgia Tech; Antonietta Capotondi from the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Yanbin Lu and Lawrence Edwards from the University of Minnesota; Hai Cheng from the University of Minnesota and Xi'an Jiaotong University; John Southon and Guaciara Santos from the University of California, Irvine; Daniel Deocampo from Georgia State University; Tianran Chen from the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Diane M. Thompson from the University of Arizona; Jessica Conroy from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Andrea Moore from the University of Mary Washington, and Lauren Toth from the U.S. Geological Survey. The research was funded by the National Science Foundation (awards 1502832, 1446343, 1029020, and 1349599), the National Science Foundation of China (award 41888101), NOAA's Climate Program Office and the Department of Energy's Office of Science, U.S. Geological Survey and National Science Foundation (award 1535007), and a Sigma Delta Epsilon-Graduate Women in Science fellowship. Any findings, conclusions, or recommendations are those of the authors and not necessarily shared by the funding agencies.
El Niño Continues to Grow, Set to Bear Down on U.S.
The Inherent Unpredictability of El Nino Events
2015 El Niño Appears Likely to Equal the Event of 1997-98
The Incredible Way Coral Helps Their Offspring Survive Climate Change [Video]
New ScienceCast Video Examines the Evidence That an El Niño is Developing
Possibility of El Niño Event in 2014 is Fading
Black Band Disease Puts Great Barrier Reef at Risk
Oxygen Depletion and Acidification Accelerate Coral Death
8 Comments on "New and Strange Climate Pattern Includes More Violent El Nino Swings"
Dr. Ken Towe | November 23, 2019 at 6:24 am | Reply
There is NO statistical correlation between the monthly 3.4 ENSO temperature anomalies and Mauna Loa atmospheric CO2 over the last 50 years. Plot the Hadcrut data.
Tomcat | November 23, 2019 at 8:06 am | Reply
The correlation seems obvious to me.
Yes, there is none. The ENSO is made up of three parts, a warming El-Nino, a cooling La-Nina and the in-between neutral.. El-Nada? The three over time balance out as any charts showing all three will show. Mauna Loa CO2 does not correlate with the ENSO. Plot the monthly ENSO temperature anomalies against Mauna Loa CO2 and see for yourself. At the moment, the current ENSO is "stuck" in neutral.
Bb | November 23, 2019 at 2:16 pm | Reply
The study doesn't make the connection, but readjusting models to this new data then plotting greenhouse gas emissions and modeling chains of effects might give indication of a connection or cause.
S. Ramachandran | November 23, 2019 at 6:08 pm | Reply
https://www.academia.edu/40968945/VEDIC_METEOROLOGY_2020_-GLOBAL_WEATHER_FORECAST
Ramachandran | November 23, 2019 at 6:12 pm | Reply
Vedic Science offers infinity scope to know weather extremes well in advance. It requires institutional support and research to achieve the ultimate.
Geoffrey peel | November 25, 2019 at 10:28 am | Reply
Southpacificmarinepark.com Growing a vast free floating kelp forest eco-system between New Zealand and South America could help to stabilise these swings as well as removing gigatons of co2 from the South Pacific Ocean.
Dr. Ken Towe | November 25, 2019 at 5:34 pm | Reply
The swings are part of the seasonal natural variability that cannot, as yet, be predicted very far in advance. The kelp, of course, will be quickly recycled if not buried. Burial away from oxygen is the problem with bioenergy sequestration.


text:
Q: Differentiable form of min I'm looking for a function $f:[0,1] \times [0,1] \to [0,1]$ with the following properties:

*

*$f(x,x) = x$

*$f$ is differentiable everywhere and has bounded derivative on its entire domain

*$f(x,y) \le (1+\epsilon_1) \min(x,y) + \epsilon_2$ for some small values $\epsilon_1,\epsilon_2 \ll 1$ (that don't depend on $x,y$)
Basically, I'm looking for a function that behaves similar to $\min(x,y)$, but is differentiable everywhere -- so it is a "softened" version of the minimum.  $\min(x,y)$ fails condition 2, as it is not differentiable at points $(x,y)$ where $x=y$.
Does such a function exist?  If yes, can you suggest an example $f$ where  $f$ and its derivative have an expression that is "not too messy"?

A: Does this work?
$-a|x-y|^b +(x+y)/2$ where $a>0$ $b>1$?

A: Based on @avs's suggestion (thank you!), we can define a slight variant of the "softmin":
$$f(x,y) = - \log((e^{-x} + e^{-y})/2),$$
based on this blog post.  This has the following properties:

*

*$f(x,x) = x$

*${\partial f \over \partial x}(x,y) = e^{-x}/(e^{-x} + e^{-y})$, so $f$ is differentiable everywhere and its partial derivatives are bounded from above by $e/(e+1) \approx 0.73$.

*$f(x,y) \le \min(x,y) + \epsilon_2$ where $\epsilon_2=\log 2 \approx 0.69$.  Notice that we achieve $\epsilon_1=0$, though unfortunately $\epsilon_2$ is non-negligible.

*$0 \le f(x,y) \le 1$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


When it's time to get the kids looking smart for the classroom, we have everything you need to get their school uniform sorted. From shirts and blouses to shorts, skirts and dresses perfect for summer, to knitwear and trousers for cooler months, they can head back to school in style.
Stock up on everyday essentials, our schoolwear shop has everything they'll need – whether it's the full 'big school uniform' or simply a new jumper.
We have great schoolwear from top brands including Banner, Jerzees, Uneek, Fruit of the Loom and more.


At the ripe age of 23, Edward Estipona launched his own design firm. It wasn't the brightest move for a recent college grad with little experience and fewer clients, but it was indicative of the way Edward would build his business, making the uneasy choice and innovating his way to success.
What makes Edward's story atypical starts with the man himself. Spend any time with him and the distinct nature of Edward's leadership become clear (and yes, we do include Edwardisms— his signature malapropisms—in that description). He was an early Apple adopter (remember the Macintosh LCIII?) and was among the first agencies to implement start-to-finish design with one artist taking a job from concept through final production—no production artists, no layers. As he grew his agency, the horizontal structure stuck with every employee having an equal voice and responsibility for the work. He took his agency virtual back in 2009, before it was common or even fully understood, choosing to invest in talent and technology over bricks and Red Vines.
Over the course of 25 years, he has guided that agency from a one-man design shop into a full-service marketing agency with over a dozen rambunctious employees known for smart, effective work, a commitment to community and a bit of irreverence. The advertising industry and the local community has taken note. Edward was named "Reno Advertising Person of the Year" at the age of 25, "Marketer of the Year" by the American Marketing Association's Northern Nevada Chapter, a top business leader under 40 by the Nevada Business Journal and, in 2008, one of the "Top 20 Business Leaders Under 40" by the Reno Gazette Journal.
While according to Edward, "We don't do it for the plastics," under his leadership, the Estipona Group been honored with a host of marketing awards, including American Advertising Federation ADDY awards and American Marketing Association ACE awards. In 2008, Estipona Group was awarded the prestigious Governor's Arts Award in recognition of its support of the arts and in 2017 was named a finalist for the Governor's Points of Light Awards, recognizing community contribution through volunteer service.
Edward and his sweet 90s perm graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Marketing from the University of Nevada, Reno. He is the father of two and happily married to his high school sweetheart.


Double ovens offer you more cooking options than a single oven. You can buy either built in or built under double ovens. At Appliance Direct Morecambe you can shop for double ovens from top brands such as Beko, Belling, Bosch, Hotpoint, Indesit, Neff, New World Samsung and Siemens and more. We keep stock of a wide range of electric and gas double ovens to suit all styles and budgets.


Sioux Falls Scientists recommends the following courses that describe how evolution works and the history of evolution science. Here you will learn how Darwin discovered "natural selection" and how his On the Origin of Species influenced our understanding of the world. You will learn how the divisiveness of fundamentalist religions have twisted and distorted the truth on evolution and how they have created a controversy that continues to this day and has become even worse in the United States. Disbelief in evolution rose to 46% in the United States in 2012, a 6% increase in the 6 years since the Science Journal survey in 2006 (see Evolution Chart ). Once disbelief in evolution rises much above 50% our country is ripe for a religious dictatorship not unlike those in the Middle East. It's a scary thought.
Sioux Falls Scientists also recommends A New History of Life for showing us how life itself has influenced the evolution of our planet. How early life's generation of oxygen radically changed the chemical makeup of our world, it's rocks, it's minerals, and it's oceans. Also Major Transitions in Evolution for teaching us that the great extinctions of the past made room for many new species, and for new adaptations of old species, to the new environment, which eventually led to the most adaptive species of all, us, Homo Sapiens.
Sioux Falls Scientists also recommends 12 Essential Scientific Concepts for its first 10 lectures giving very clear summaries of how evolution, genetics, and the brain works, as well as the rest of the lectures in the course all which are very clearly and precisely explained by a true Renaissance woman. She is amazingly knowledgeable on the whole range of scientific concepts and an excellent, easy to understand lecturer.


text:
EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT, THE ATLANTIC COUNCIL
Damon Wilson is Executive Vice-President at the Atlantic Council of the United States. Previously, he served as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for European Affairs at the National Security Council. His other governmental positions have included Chief of Staff and Executive Secretary at the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad, Iraq; Deputy Director of the Private Office of NATO Secretary-General Lord Robertson and various positions at the Department of State dealing with European security and China. Mr Wilson completed his graduate studies at the Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School for Public and International Affairs during which he worked in the African Affairs Directorate at the National Security Council. Following his undergraduate studies at Duke University and the University of Grenoble, France, Mr. Wilson served in Rwanda with Save the Children's Children and War Program.
THE POST-PANDEMIC GLOBAL (DIS)ORDER - ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF POWER PLAYERS
Alena Kudzko
Bruno Maçães
Damon Wilson
Neelam Deo
Shada Islam
At present there appear to be at least two competing global systems that threaten to split the world in two: the rules-based liberal order and the state-led capitalist model put forth by China. This split revealed itself in the lack of a coordinated global response to COVID-19. Rather than harness the power of international cooperation, nation-states have used the crisis to further their geopolitical ambitions causing a further divide among global powers. The distribution of global power and the way it is projected has long changed. Will the U.S. power continue to decline? How does China manifest its global ambition and how will it change the world? Can the EU develop a power centre that is distinct from both the U.S. and China? What role can other countries play? What responsibilities come with global power?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This week was the kickoff meeting in Oakland, CA for a multi-year evaluation of WestEd's iRAISE project, a grant to develop an online training system for their Reading Apprenticeship framework. iRAISE stands for Internet-based Reading Apprenticeship Improving Science Education. Being developed by WestEd's Strategic Literacy Initiative (SLI), a prominent R&D group in this domain, iRAISE will provide a 65-hour online version of their conventional face-to-face professional development for high school science teachers. We are also contracted for the evaluation of the validation-level i3 grant to WestEd for a scaling up of Reading Apprenticeship, a project that received the third highest score in that year's i3 competition. Additionally, Empirical is conducting the evaluation of Aspire Public Schools development grant in 2011. In this case we are evaluating their teacher effectiveness technology tools.
Further information on our capabilities working with i3 grants is located here.
The U.S. Department of Education recently proposed new rules for including serious evaluations as part of its grant programs. The approach is modeled on how evaluations are used in the Investing in Innovation (i3) program where the proposal must show there's some evidence that the proposed innovation has a chance of working and scaling and must include an evaluation that will add to a growing body of evidence about the innovation. We like this approach because it treats previous research as a hypothesis that the innovation may work in the new context. And each new grant is an opportunity to try the innovation in a new context, with improved approaches that warrant another check on effectiveness. But the proposed rules definitely had some weak points that were pointed out in the public comments, which are available online. We hope ED heeds these suggestions.
Mark Schneiderman representing the Software and Information Industry Association (SIIA) recommends that outcomes used in effectiveness studies should not be limited to achievement scores.
SIIA notes that grant program resources could appropriately address a range of purposes from instructional to administrative, from assessment to professional development, and from data warehousing to systems productivity. The measures could therefore include such outcomes as student test scores, teacher retention rates, changes in classroom practice or efficiency, availability and use of data or other student/teacher/school outcomes, and cost effectiveness and efficiency that can be observed and measured. Many of these outcome measures can also be viewed as intermediate outcomes—changes in practice that, as demonstrated by other research, are likely to affect other final outcomes.
He also points out that quality of implementation and the nature of the comparison group can be the deciding factors in whether or not a program is found to be effective.
SIIA notes that in education there is seldom a pure control condition such as can be achieved in a medical trial with a placebo or sugar pill. Evaluations of education products and services resemble comparative effectiveness trials in which a new medication is tested against a currently approved one to determine whether it is significantly better. The same product may therefore prove effective in one district that currently has a weak program but relatively less effective in another where a strong program is in place. As a result, significant effects can often be difficult to discern.
This point gets to the heart of the contextual issues in any experimental evaluation. Without understanding the local conditions of the experiment the size of the impact for any other context cannot be anticipated. Some experimentalists would argue that a massive multi-site trial would allow averaging across many contextual variations. But such "on average" results won't necessarily help the decision-maker working in specific local conditions. Thus, taking previous results as a rough indication that an innovation is worth trying is the first step before conducting the grant-funded evaluation of a new variation of the innovation under new conditions.
He cites examples where researchers have reported statistically significant results, which were based on trivial outcomes or had impacts so small as to have no practical value. Including "substantial and important" as additional criteria also captures the SIIA's point that it is not sufficient to consider the internal validity of the study—policy makers must consider whether the measure used is an important one or whether the treatment-control contrast allows for detecting a substantial impact.
Addressing the substance and importance of the results gets us appropriately into questions of external validity, and leads us to questions about subgroup impact, where, for example, an innovation has a positive impact "on average" and works well for high scoring students but provides no value for low scoring students. We would argue that a positive average impact is not the most important part of the picture if the end result is an increase in a policy-relevant achievement gap. Should ED be providing grants for innovations where there has been a substantial indication that a gap is worsened? Probably yes, but only if the proposed development is aimed at fixing the malfunctioning innovation and if the program evaluation can address this differential impact.
Happy birthday to us, happy birthday to us, happy birthday to Empirical Education, happy birthday to us!
This month we turn 10 years old! We can't think of a better way to celebrate than with all of our friends at a birthday party at AERA next month.
If you aren't able to attend our birthday party, we'll also be presenting at SREE this week and at AERA next month.
We look forward to seeing you at our sessions to discuss our research.
Pictures from the party are on our facebook page, but here's a sneak peek.
We are all familiar with approaches to combining student growth metrics and other measures to generate a single measure that can be used to rate teachers for the purpose of personnel decisions. For example, as an alternative to using seniority as the basis for reducing the workforce, a school system may want to base such decisions—at least in part—on a ranking based on a number of measures of teacher effectiveness. One of the reports released January 8 by the Measures of Effective Teaching (MET) addressed approaches to creating a composite (i.e., a single number that averages various aspects of teacher performance) from multiple measures such as value-added modeling (VAM) scores, student surveys, and classroom observations. Working with the thousands of data points in the MET longitudinal database, the researchers were able to try out multiple statistical approaches to combining measures. The important recommendation from this research for practitioners is that, while there is no single best way to weight the various measures that are combined in the composite, balancing the weights more evenly tends to increase reliability.
While acknowledging the value of these analyses, we want to take a step back in this commentary. Here we ask whether agencies may sometimes be jumping to the conclusion that a composite is necessary when the individual measures (and even the components of these measures) may have greater utility than the composite for many purposes.
The basic premise behind creating a composite measure is the idea that there is an underlying characteristic that the composite can more or less accurately reflect. The criterion for a good composite is the extent to which the result accurately identifies a stable characteristic of the teacher's effectiveness.
A problem with this basic premise is that in focusing on the common factor, the aspects of each measure that are unrelated to the common factor get left out—treated as noise in the statistical equation. But, what if observations and student surveys measure things that are unrelated to what the teacher's students are able to achieve in a single year under her tutelage (the basis for a VAM score)? What if there are distinct domains of teacher expertise that have little relation to VAM scores? By definition, the multifaceted nature of teaching gets reduced to a single value in the composite.
This single value does have a use in decisions that require an unequivocal ranking of teachers, such as some personnel decisions. For most purposes, however, a multifaceted set of measures would be more useful. The single measure has little value for directing professional development, whereas the detailed output of the observation protocols are designed for just that. Consider a principal deciding which teachers to assign as mentors, or a district administrator deciding which teachers to move toward a principalship. Might it be useful, in such cases, to have several characteristics to represent different dimensions of abilities relevant to success in the particular roles?
Instead of collapsing the multitude of data points from achievement, surveys, and observations, consider an approach that makes maximum use of the data points to identify several distinct characteristics. In the usual method for constructing a composite (and in the MET research), the results for each measure (e.g., the survey or observation protocol) are first collapsed into a single number, and then these values are combined into the composite. This approach already obscures a large amount of information. The Tripod student survey provides scores on the seven Cs; an observation framework may have a dozen characteristics; and even VAM scores, usually thought of as a summary number, can be broken down (with some statistical limitations) into success with low-scoring vs. with high-scoring students (or any other demographic category of interest). Analyzing dozens of these data points for each teacher can potentially identify several distinct facets of a teacher's overall ability. Not all facets will be strongly correlated with VAM scores but may be related to the teacher's ability to inspire students in subsequent years to take more challenging courses, stay in school, and engage parents in ways that show up years later.
Creating a single composite measure of teaching has value for a range of administrative decisions. However, the mass of teacher data now being collected are only beginning to be tapped for improving teaching and developing schools as learning organizations.
Tulsa Public Schools, the Cooperative Council for Oklahoma Administration, and Empirical Education Inc. just announced the launch of Observation Engine to implement the Teacher and Leader Effectiveness program in the state of Oklahoma. Tulsa Public Schools has purchased Empirical Education's Observation Engine, an online certification and calibration tool for measuring the reliability of administrators assigned to conduct classroom observations. Tulsa Public Schools developed the Tulsa Model for Observation and Evaluation, a framework for ensuring teaching effectiveness performance, as well as best practices for creating an environment for successful learning and student achievement. Nearly 500 school districts in the state are piloting the Tulsa Model evaluation system this year.
The report we released today has an interesting history that shows the value of looking beyond the initial results of an experiment. Later this week, we are presenting a paper at AERA entitled "In School Settings, Are All RCTs Exploratory?" The findings we report from our experiment with an iPad application were part of the inspiration for this. If Riverside Unified had not looked at its own data, we would not, in the normal course of data analysis, have broken the results out by individual districts, and our conclusion would have been that there was no discernible impact of the app. We can cite many other cases where looking at subgroups leads us to conclusions different from the conclusion based on the result averaged across the whole sample. Our report on AMSTI is another case we will cite in our AERA paper.
We agree with the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) in taking a disciplined approach in requiring that researchers "call their shots" by naming the small number of outcomes considered most important in any experiment. All other questions are fine to look at but fall into the category of exploratory work. What we want to guard against, however, is the implication that answers to primary questions, which often are concerned with average impacts for the study sample as a whole, must apply to various subgroups within the sample, and therefore can be broadly generalized by practitioners, developers, and policy makers.
If we find an average impact but in exploratory analysis discover plausible, policy-relevant, and statistically strong differential effects for subgroups, then some doubt about completeness may be cast on the value of the confirmatory finding. We may not be certain of a moderator effect—for example—but once it comes to light, the value of the average impact can also be considered incomplete or misleading for practical purposes. If it is necessary to conduct an additional experiment to verify a differential subgroup impact, the same experiment may verify that the average impact is not what practitioners, developers, and policy makers should be concerned with.
In our paper at AERA, we are proposing that any result from a school-based experiment should be treated as provisional by practitioners, developers, and policy makers. The results of RCTs can be very useful, but the challenges of generalizability of the results from even the most stringently designed experiment mean that the results should be considered the basis for a hypothesis that the intervention may work under similar conditions. For a developer considering how to improve an intervention, the specific conditions under which it appeared to work or not work is the critical information to have. For a school system decision maker, the most useful pieces of information are insight into subpopulations that appear to benefit and conditions that are favorable for implementation. For those concerned with educational policy, it is often the case that conditions and interventions change and develop more rapidly than research studies can be conducted. Using available evidence may mean digging through studies that have confirmatory results in contexts similar or different from their own and examining exploratory analyses that provide useful hints as to the most productive steps to take next. The practitioner in this case is in a similar position to the researcher considering the design of the next experiment. The practitioner also has to come to a hypothesis about how things work as the basis for action.
On February 21, 2012 the U.S. Department of Education released the final report of an experiment that Empirical Education has been working on for the last six years. The report, titled Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Alabama Math, Science, and Technology Initiative (AMSTI) is now available on the Institute of Education Sciences website. The Alabama State Department of Education held a press conference to announce the findings, attended by Superintendent of Education Bice, staff of AMSTI, along with educators, students, and co-principal investigator of the study, Denis Newman, CEO of Empirical Education. The press release issued by the Alabama State Department of Education and a WebEx presentation provide more detail on the study's findings.
AMSTI was developed by the state of Alabama and introduced in 2002 with the goal of improving mathematics and science achievement in the state's K-12 schools. Empirical Education was primarily responsible for conducting the study—including the design, data collection, analysis, and reporting—under its subcontract with the Regional Education Lab, Southeast (the study was initiated through a research grant to Empirical). Researchers from Academy of Education Development, Abt Associates, and ANALYTICA made important contributions to design, analysis and data collection.
The findings show that after one year, students in the 41 AMSTI schools experienced an impact on mathematics achievement equivalent to 28 days of additional student progress over students receiving conventional mathematics instruction. The study found, after one year, no difference for science achievement. It also found that AMSTI had an impact on teachers' active learning classroom practices in math and science that, according to the theory of action posited by AMSTI, should have an impact on achievement. Further exploratory analysis found effects for student achievement in both mathematics and science after two years. The study also explored reading achievement, where it found significant differences between the AMSTI and control groups after one year. Exploration of differential effect for student demographic categories found consistent results for gender, socio-economic status, and pretest achievement level for math and science. For reading, however, the breakdown by student ethnicity suggests a differential benefit.
Just about everybody at Empirical worked on this project at one point or another. Besides the three of us (Newman, Jaciw and Zacamy) who are listed among the authors, we want to acknowledge past and current employees whose efforts made the project possible: Jessica Cabalo, Ruthie Chang, Zach Chin, Huan Cung, Dan Ho, Akiko Lipton, Boya Ma, Robin Means, Gloria Miller, Bob Smith, Laurel Sterling, Qingfeng Zhao, Xiaohui Zheng, and Margit Zsolnay.
With solid cooperation of the state's Department of Education and the AMSTI team, approximately 780 teachers and 30,000 upper-elementary and middle school students in 82 schools from five regions in Alabama participated in the study. The schools were randomized into one of two categories: 1) Those who received AMSTI starting the first year, or 2) Those who received "business as usual" the first year and began participation in AMSTI the second year. With only a one-year delay before the control group entered treatment, the two-year impact was estimated using statistical techniques developed by, and with the assistance of our colleagues at Abt Associates. Academy for Education Development assisted with data collection and analysis of training and program implementation.
Findings of the AMSTI study will also be presented at the Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness (SREE) Spring Conference taking place in Washington D.C. from March 8-10, 2012. Join Denis Newman, Andrew Jaciw, and Boya Ma on Friday March 9, 2012 from 3:00pm-4:30pm, when they will present findings of their study titled, "Locating Differential Effectiveness of a STEM Initiative through Exploration of Moderators." A symposium on the study, including the major study collaborators, will be presented at the annual conference of the American Educational Research Association (AERA) on April 15, 2012 from 2:15pm-3:45pm at the Marriott Pinnacle ⁄ Pinnacle III in Vancouver, Canada. This session will be chaired by Ludy van Broekhuizen (director of REL-SE) and will include presentations by Steve Ricks (director of AMSTI); Jean Scott (SERVE Center at UNCG); Denis Newman, Andrew Jaciw, Boya Ma, and Jenna Zacamy (Empirical Education); Steve Bell (Abt Associates); and Laura Gould (formerly of AED). Sean Reardon (Stanford) will serve as the discussant. A synopsis of the study will also be included in the Common Guidelines for Education Research and Development.
The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) at the U.S. Department of Education recently announced the recipients of five-year contracts for each of the 10 Regional Education Laboratories (RELs). We are excited to be part of four strong teams of practitioners and researchers that received the awards.
The original request for proposals in May 2011 called for the new RELs to work closely with alliances of state and local education agencies and other practitioner organizations to build local capacity for research. Considering the close ties between this agenda and Empirical's core mission we joined the proposal efforts and are now part of winning teams in the West (led by WestEd), Northwest (led by Education Northwest), Midwest (led by the American Institutes for Research (AIR)), and Southwest (led by SEDL) The REL Southwest is currently under a stop work order while ED addresses a dispute concerning its review process. Empirical Education's history in conducting Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) and in providing technical assistance to education agencies provides a strong foundation for the next five years.


A room addition is a complex process that requires an experienced contractor. When adding a room, you have to take into consideration the structural integrity of the existing home and the limitations of the lot. We have the experience to give you a good idea of what an addition will cost and if that is the right choice for you.
When buying a new home isn't an option, adding a room can be the next best choice. Adding a room within the footprint of your home is the easiest way to add space, but we can help you with additions anywhere on your property.
An unfinished basement presents you with a blank canvas on which to paint the picture of added space. We can help you extend your garage by adding another bay or converting it into a family room. Perhaps you have grown children or aging parents that need a place to live. We can help you with design and determine the best way to maximize your space to fit your needs.
The beauty of adding another room is that it can be whatever you need it to be. A growing family may need an extra bedroom and bathroom while a retired couple may need a rec room for visiting grandchildren.
Additions can be stressful but we provide the expertise and experience you want to make your addition as painless as possible. If you are worried about the addition fitting in aesthetically with the rest of your home, rest assured that we know how to make additions blend seamlessly into the existing structure.
With the right home addition, you can increase the value of your home. Bathroom and kitchen additions add the most value for the square footage. We can not only help you create the home of your dreams but also keep an eye towards the future by increasing your home's value.
We know the renovation business inside and out. When it comes to permits, building codes, and other technical aspects of an addition, we know how to get through the process. Once you've determined your needs and budget, we'll help you create the home addition that balances your needs with the design features and amenities you want.
We have the experience and expertise necessary to let you know what to expect from a home addition. Reliable service with excellent craftsmanship is what we provide from start to finish when we work on your home addition. Let us help you complete the planning process and get you on your way to the home you've always wanted.
on any of our construction services, a bathroom ideas and kitchen remodel tips. Or if you just looking for a general contractor, please contact us and we'll help you.


text:
Home:Rat Biology: The dumbo rat mutation and human analogues
The dumbo rat mutation and human analogues
Traits of dumbo rats
Human analogues of the dumbo mutation
What do these syndromes have in common?
What are the first and second pharyngeal arches?
Can a pharyngeal arch disorder be induced?
Do other animals show first and second pharyngeal arch disorders?
Is the dumbo mutation a disorder of first and second pharyngeal arch development?
The dumbo mutation appeared first in the pet trade, and as of this writing the scientific community appears to be unaware of this interesting mutation in domestic rats. The dumbo mutation has not yet been noticed, measured or studied by developmental biologists or geneticists. No papers have yet been published on this mutation in rats.
Therefore, the following list of traits is entirely anecdotal. It has been gleaned from descriptions of owners of dumbo rats, and from descriptions of dumbo rat standards and faults from fancy rat organizations. This list is quite informal and imprecise. Not all dumbo rats have all of these traits:
Ear shape: The dumbo mutation produces a wide variety of ear shapes and sizes. Most desirable among pet rat breeders are large, round, low-set ears. But the dumbo mutation may also produce creased, bent, folded, wrinkled, curled, misshapen, narrow, pointed, oblong and tubular ears. Ears may be positioned higher or lower on the skull. Ears may also be asymmetrical.
Skull shape: The top of the skull may be flat and broad. Some dumbo skulls may be concave. Skull may have a prominent occiput (back of skull), which may give the rat a hunchback appearance.
Informal skull measurements of dumbo vs. standard rats
A. Dann (pers. comm.) measured the length, width and height at the maximum points of the heads of ten standard and four dumbo rats with callipers, then converted the measurements to ratios (length/width, width/height, and length height) in order to control for overall size of the rat. Results:
Standard rats
Width/height
Length/height
Dumbo rats
From these tables, the length/height ratio appears to be fairly consistent between the standard and dumbo rats, but the dumbo heads appear to be relatively wider than standard heads. Sample measurements from one standard and one dumbo rat:
Note that these measurements are informal, and the number of individuals is too small to be able to draw conclusions about the population at large. However, it is an interesting first pass at head shape differences between standard and dumbo rats. Further study could be quite interesting.
Jaw shape: Some dumbos may have have a small lower jaw.
Eye shape: Some dumbos may show differences in eye shape and position (pers. comm. Dann 2005).
Body shape: Body may be stocky.
Ear movement: some owners report that their female dumbo rats do not vibrate their ears when they are in heat (pers. comm. Dann 2005).
Temperament: Dumbos are reputed to have a docile, calm temperament.
Drawing of two rats with the dumbo mutation.
There are several human disorders that are quite similar to the dumbo mutation in rats.
Treacher Collins syndrome: Characterized by small and otherwise deformed ears, a small jaw, downward-slanting eyes, and small cheekbones, a small face, and a wide mouth. The small jaw may force the normal-sized tongue back in the throat, obstructing the airway. Treacher Collins may also include hearing loss. It does not affect a child's intelligence. Caused by inherited or spontaneous mutations in the TCOF1 gene located at human chromosome 5tq31-q34 (Dixon et al 1991, Dixon 1996, Edwards et al. 1997, Horiuchi 2004) (OMIM entry)
Nager syndrome: Similar to Treacher Collins. Characterized by flat cheeks, downward-slanting eyes, absence of eyelashes, low-set, cup-shaped ears, and a very small lower jaw. May include malformations of the thumbs and forearms, genitourinary and cardiac anomalies (OMIM entry).
Drawing of an infant with Nager syndrome.
DiGeorge syndrome: Characterized by low-set ears, abnormal folding of the outer ear, small jaw, eyes slanted upward or downward, small upper lip, small mouth. Short stature and mild to moderate learning difficulties. Internally, characterized by a small parathyroid gland, small or absent thyroid gland, and cardiac malformations. Caused by deletions of chromosome 22q11.2 (Demczuk and Aurias 1995, Gong et al. 1996), which eliminates several candidate genes including TUPLE1 and Tbx1 (Jerome and Papaioannou 2001) ( (OMIM entry).
Goldenhar syndrome: Highly variable syndrome characterized by malformation or absence of the ears, anomalies of the middle and/or inner ear, small upper and lower jaw, small cheekbones, small lower skull, wide mouth, incomplete development of certain muscles of the face, small eyes, absence of tissue from the upper eyelid, and/or anomalies of the spinal column. Most cases are asymmetrical, with one side of the body more affected, and the other side unaffected or less affected. Most cases are spontaneous but some are inherited as an autosomal dominant (OMIM entry).
The syndromes listed above all belong to a subset of craniofacial disorders called pharyngeal arch disorders. All are caused by problems in the development of the structures derived from the pharyngeal (or branchial) arches.
What are the pharyngeal arches?
Diagram of the migration of neural crest cells (thick grey arrows) from the neural crest to the five pharyngeal arches (I, II, III, IV, and VI. Arch V degenerates). (Adapted from Gilbert 1994, p. 284.)
Pharyngeal arches are paired structures that grow on either side of the future head and neck of the developing embryo and fuse at the centerline. Pharyngeal arches develop from the cephalic (head) portion of the neural crest (Fukiishi and Morriss-Kay 1992), which is a strip of tissue that runs down the back of the embryo and gives rise to a large number of different organs. Pharyngeal arches produce the cartilage, bone, nerves, muscles, glands, and connective tissue of the face and neck.
Mammal embryos have five pairs of these pharyngeal arches. The first two pairs give rise to the bones, muscles, and nerves of the ear, jaw and upper neck. Specifically, the first pair of pharyngeal arches gives rise to two of the bones of the middle ear (incus and malleus), the lower jaw, and the nerves and muscles involved in chewing, and muscles of the ear and soft palate.
The second pair of arches gives rise to one bone in the middle ear (the stapes), most of the outer ear, the muscles of facial expression, muscles of the jaw and upper neck, parts of the bone above the larynx, and the seventh facial nerve. The last three pairs of arches give rise to the bones, muscles, and glands (thymus, thyroid) of the neck and the outflow tract of the heart.
Anything that disrupts the development of the first and second pharyngeal arches will cause parts of the face to develop abnormally. A disruption involves any disturbance of the production, growth, or movement of the arch cells during development -- for example, an insufficient migration of neural crest cells into the pharyngeal arches. A disruption could be caused by a mutation in one of the many genes involved in the development of these arches, or by external factors such as teratogens during pregnancy.
When the development of the first and second pharyngeal arches is disrupted, the arches develop abnormally, giving rise to a variety of craniofacial malformations: malformations of the external ear, ear canal, middle ear, cheekbone, upper jaw, lower jaw, eye, facial muscles, and nerves of facial expression (see also Jacobsson and Granstrom 1997).
Examples of genes involved in pharyngeal arch development
TCOF1 is one of the many genes involved in pharyngeal arch development. Its protein, Treacle, is expressed most intensely in the first pharyngeal arch during times of critical craniofacial development, including the formation and fusion of the pharyngeal arches with the rest of the face (Dixon et al. 1997). Treacle is involved in ribosomal RNA production in prefusion neural folds during early embryogenesis (Valdez et al. 2004).
Another such gene is TBX1, whose gene product has a wide variety of functions. It regulates proper neural crest cell migration in the posterior pharyngeal arches, stabilizes the structural patterns of the middle and inner ear during their development, regulates the onset of the development of jaw and neck muscles, controls the proper patterning of cells in the jaw, supports proper proliferation of cells fated to become part of the cardiac outflow tract, and is required for the formation of the division between the aorta and the pulmonary artery (Moraes et al. 2005, Kelly et al. 2004, Xu et al. 2004).
Several teratogens can induce low-set ears and other ear malformations in rats, mice and hamsters. Retinoids (such as retinoic acid and vitamin A), cyclophosphamide, and isotretinoin (Accutane) administered during pregnancy give rise to a suite of anomalies of the ear, eye, upper and lower jaw, and palate, resembling Treacher Collins and other first and second pharyngeal arch syndromes (Emmanouil-Nikoloussi et al. 2000, Granstrom 1990, Granstrom and Kirkeby 1990, Granstrom et al. 1991, Jarvis et al. 1990, Mallo and Gridley 1996, Padmanabhan and Singh 1984, Poswillo 1975, Wiley et al. 1983).
Diabetes mellitus during pregnancy may also cause congenital malformations in the young due to impaired development of cranial neural crest cells. Such malformations include low-set ears, small jaw, small thymus, thyroid, and parathyroid glands, and anomalies of the heart and great vessels. These malformations are very similar to DiGeorge syndrome in humans (Siman 1997, Siman et al. 2000).
Right ear of an eight month old LSE+ mouse (left) and a control mouse (right). The notch in the control mouse's ear is an ear mark. From Theiler and Sweet 1986.
Mice: Low-set ears (Lse) is a pharyngeal arch disorder in mice that is characterized by malformed and malpositioned external ears and eye defects. Lse mice also have reduced growth after birth and reduced viability (Theiler and Sweet 1986). The Lse gene in mice is located on chromosome 7 (Eric et al. 1999).
Otani et al. (1991) report the spontaneous appearance of small ears, some of which were low-set, in a line of transgenic mice. The disorder was asymmetric. Affected mice also had disorders of the middle ear, cranial base, upper jaw, and pharyngeal structures. The disorder was heritable as an autosomal dominant, homozygous lethal. The ear anomaly was traced to underdevelopment of the second pharyngeal arch during the 9th and 10th days of gestation, due to mesenchymal disruptions and hemorrhage in the region of the first and second branchial arches. The disorder was traced to a mutation on chromosome 10, B1-3, at a site named Hfm (Cousley et al. 2002, Naora et al. 1994).
Dogs: Haworth et al. (2001) studied TCOF1, the homologue of the Treacher Collins gene in humans, in 13 different dog breeds. They discovered that TCOF1 has nine different variations in dogs. One of these variants (C396T) is associated with a broad skull and short face (brachycephaly) in dogs. The authors suggest that this mutation may have arisen only once in the history of dog domestication.
Nobody knows for sure, because the dumbo mutation has never been studied in the laboratory.
However, there are strong similarities between the features of dumbo rats and the clinical features of first and second pharyngeal arch syndromes in humans. The dumbo rat's malformed and malpositioned ears, possible small jaw, possible differences in eye shape and position, and possible underdevelopment of the muscles that move the ears or the nerves that control them, are all strongly suggestive of a first and second pharyngeal arch disorder.
This is a hypothesis at this point, of course. The answer must await future investigation by geneticists and developmental biologists. Dumbo rats may turn out to be a potential animal model for first and second pharyngeal arch disorders in humans.
Update, 2010: It looks like the dumbo mutation is indeed a disorder of first pharyngeal arch development!
Katerji et al. (2009) examined the craniofacial development of Dumbo rats. They found that Dumbo rats show quantitative defects in the structures derived from the first pharyngeal arch: disturbances in the development of cartilage and the beginning of ossification.
They examined the expression of the Msx1 and Dlx1 genes in the Dumbo rat during craniofacial morphogenesis. The Msx and Dlx homeobox genes are expressed at different times and in several different locations of first pharyngeal arch development, where they perform a variety of roles.
The authors found that Msx1 and Dlx1 are expressed significantly less during Dumbo rat than control rat morphogenesis, indicating that these genes may underly the Dumbo phenotype.
Branchial anomalies, from the Texas Pediatric Otolaryngology Center
First and second pharyngeal arch syndromes, by Foundation for Faces of Children.
Home • Rat Behavior • The Rat's Sensory World • Rat Biology • Rat Systematics • Wild Rats • Rat Health Notes • Rat Humor • References • Updates • About
All photographs, graphics, text and sounds on this website are Copyright © 2003, 2004. All rights reserved.
Please request permission if you wish to use any images or content on this website
Contact: x@y.org (where x = webmaster, y = ratbehavior)
http://www.ratbehavior.org


text:
Q: read java.security.key stored as object inside a file which is in jar I saved a PublicKey instance in a file using ObjectOutputStream. This file is then stored inside a jar file which is then loaded by JBoss. I'm trying to read this file but it throws me an exception telling that it's not serializable.
Here is the code :
InputStream input = KeyLoader.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(resource);
ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(input);
Object obj = objectInputStream.readObject();
Key output = (Key) obj;
objectInputStream.close();
return output;
which throws me this exception
An exception occurred: java.io.NotSerializableException

A: I'm not sure about serialization/deserialization from within a jar file, but
without being able to see the rest of your code, I can say a few things:

*

*make sure that all of the classes that you are trying to serialize/deserialize implement Serializable.

*If you can't do number 1, then you might try getting an encoded form of the Key object, such as key.getEcnoded(), which would allow you to do input/output using the bytes of the key.

Edit:
I'm not really familiar with JBoss, but maybe try using JBossObjectInputStream and JBossObjectOutputStream (org.jboss.serial.io). You will also have to add jboss-serialization.jar to your classpath. see link
also, I've never done this sort of thing before, but if you think the jar file is complicating things, but you should be able to use some of the classes in the java.util.jar package to simplify IO operations with jar files.
I hope this helps in some way.


text:
What is a Clinical Dental Technician?
Free no obligatory consultation
Types of Dentures
Denture price list
Repairs, Relines & Mouthguards
Reviews! What our customers say!
Dentures Direct to the General Public
Traditionally, you do not get to meet the technician making your new dentures. You visit a dental surgery for the clinical part of the treatment and the work is sent off to a dental laboratory. The advantages of using a Clinical Dental Technician are:
Direct communication with the person making your dentures
Face to face contact at every stage of the process
Direct involvement in choice of teeth
Consultation on the right type of denture for you
After 20 years of working in various dental laboratories in the South East of England, Ben Brookshaw set up his own practice in Chepstow in 2006.
In 2015, Ben was awarded the Diploma in Clinical Dental Technology from the Royal College of Surgeons and, with the help of his wife Pamela, expanded the laboratory into a high street clinic.
In 2018, dental technician Dan Price, who obtained a First Class Bachelor of Science honours degree in Dental Technology from Cardiff Metropolitan University in June of that same year, joined us as a full-time member of our team. Dan is a fluent welsh speaker which allows our services to be offered through the medium of welsh language if required. More recently, the team has expanded further to include qualified dental nurse, Helen Candow, who has joined us as part-time Assistant Manager.
The clinic has won awards three years in a row. "We are delighted to announce that Ben Brookshaw Denture Clinic has been awarded the BACDT Member of the Year award. This award recognises the BACDT member that has set an example to other members on how to conduct themselves on a daily basis, both as a registered professional with the General Dental Council and as a BACDT member honouring the principles and charter of the association," British Association of Clinical Dental Technology (BACDT), May 2017. The clinic was also a highly-commended runner up in the 'Extra Mile Award' and went on to win the Award in 2018 in recognition of the extra mile that it goes to ensure patients have the best service possible. In addition, it picked up the 'Most Welcoming Clinic' 2018 and again in 2019.
Ben and Dan continue professional development in keeping with General Dental Council (GDC) requirements and undertake at least 30 hours further training each year. In addition, Ben has advanced his skills and knowledge by attending courses on Biofunctional Prosthetic System (BPS), the lastest approach in impression taking which allows for more accurate denture form and better denture suction. This is particularly valuable in complex cases where the patient has limited denture supporting gums. To ensure his customers obtain the best possible care, he participates in annual medical emergencies training, cross infection control training and oral health training.
Contact us for a free no obligation consultation
Our one-hour denture repair service is available Monday-Friday
Contact us: T: 01291 622044 E: info@benbrookshaw.co.uk
Visit us: Albion House, Albion Square, Chepstow NP16 5DA (next to Chepstow bus station, the nearest car parks are behind M&S or Wilkos).
Opening hours: Monday - Friday, 9am-4pm
Ben Brookshaw GDC No: 126166
Dan Price GDC No: 279430
Helen Candow GDC No: 200959


Last month, retailer Abercrombie & Fitch made headlines when CEO Mike Jeffries took a stance against so-called "fat chicks." He explained that he only wants people who are "hot" to be shopping at the store and wearing the clothes. Apparently, if you're not a stick figure, you're not part of the "cool crowd." Jeffries claims that his business model is so he can target a specific demographic. He's not the only clothing retailer that refuses to cater to larger sizes though. Many (or most) designer brands don't go above a size 10. But what message does this give the average woman (who is a size 12-14)?
Here's what it says to me: Being thin in better than being healthy and happy.
Amazing blogger Jes over on The Militant Baker wrote a letter to Mike Jeffries, calling him out for being narrow-minded and not understanding this kind of business model continues to objectify and punish women for not living up to societal standards. She then goes on to explain that his actions have also prompted a call (albeit an all-too-frequent call) for social change. She recreated half-naked Abercrombie ads that feature extremely thin women, but this time used her own rocking plus-sized bod.
With so many people (like Michelle Obama and Lady Gaga) focusing on being healthy, rather than solely being thin, it's shocking to think that a CEO still thinks this is an appropriate business model. The only thing women should be worried about when shopping, is how they feel in the clothes they choose. Wear what makes you happy and feel good, and don't let jackasses like Jeffries dictate what sizes are acceptable.
Tags: Abercrombie, body image, healthy, plus-size, shopping, stick figure. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
#include "Benchmark.h"
#include "SkResourceCache.h"

namespace {
static void* gGlobalAddress;
class TestKey : public SkResourceCache::Key {
public:
    intptr_t fValue;

    TestKey(intptr_t value) : fValue(value) {
        this->init(&gGlobalAddress, sizeof(fValue));
    }
};
struct TestRec : public SkResourceCache::Rec {
    TestKey     fKey;
    intptr_t    fValue;

    TestRec(const TestKey& key, intptr_t value) : fKey(key), fValue(value) {}

    const Key& getKey() const SK_OVERRIDE { return fKey; }
    size_t bytesUsed() const SK_OVERRIDE { return sizeof(fKey) + sizeof(fValue); }

    static bool Visitor(const SkResourceCache::Rec&, void*) {
        return true;
    }
};
}

class ImageCacheBench : public Benchmark {
    SkResourceCache fCache;

    enum {
        CACHE_COUNT = 500
    };
public:
    ImageCacheBench()  : fCache(CACHE_COUNT * 100) {}

    void populateCache() {
        for (int i = 0; i < CACHE_COUNT; ++i) {
            fCache.add(SkNEW_ARGS(TestRec, (TestKey(i), i)));
        }
    }

protected:
    const char* onGetName() SK_OVERRIDE {
        return "imagecache";
    }

    void onDraw(const int loops, SkCanvas*) SK_OVERRIDE {
        if (fCache.getTotalBytesUsed() == 0) {
            this->populateCache();
        }

        TestKey key(-1);
        // search for a miss (-1)
        for (int i = 0; i < loops; ++i) {
            SkDEBUGCODE(bool found =) fCache.find(key, TestRec::Visitor, NULL);
            SkASSERT(!found);
        }
    }

private:
    typedef Benchmark INHERITED;
};

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

DEF_BENCH( return new ImageCacheBench(); )

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
PHANTOM TOLLBOOTH Vinyl Records and CDs
Phantom Tollbooth was a post-punk/noise rock band from New York City. They were participants of the 1st generation of what is now historically recognized as the American Independent Underground. Conceived in 1984, the band released several recordings on Homestead Records, touring both the U.S. and Europe until they disbanded in 1988. During their tenure, PT played shows with The Minutemen, Sonic Youth, Dinosaur Jr., Big Black, Butthole Surfers, Volcano Suns and many others. At the appointment of Robert Pollard, the band reunited for one show, opening for Guided By Voices during their farewell tour in December 2004.
Phantom Tollbooth Discography Price Guide Recently Listed Email Alerts
All Formats --------------------- All Vinyl Formats All CD Formats --------------------- Vinyl - LP Vinyl - 45 & 7" Vinyl - EP Vinyl - 10" Vinyl - 12" Vinyl - 78 --------------------- CD Single Cassette Video & DVD Book Clothing Memorabilia & Misc. -------------------------- 12" Mini LP (1) 12" (1) 7" (1) Cassette (2) DVD (1) EP (4) LP+CDR (1) LP (6) Poster (1)
All Seller Locations ----------------------------- Europe European Union North America Central America South America Oceania Asia Africa ----------------------------- United States (6) United Kingdom (5) Australia Canada (1) France Germany (4) Italy Japan ----------------------------- Canada (1) Germany (4) Greece (2)
18 Listed For Sale: phantom tollbooth ✖
Phantom Tollbooth Daylight In The Quiet Zone LP, 12" Mini LP, EP 6 listed $7 - $35 View All
Phantom Tollbooth One-way Conversation LP 2 listed $12 - $13 View All
Phantom Tollbooth Phantom Tollbooth 12", LP, DVD 3 listed $11 - $47 View All
Phantom Tollbooth Power EP 2 listed $7 - $8 View All
Phantom Tollbooth Power Toy LP, Poster, Cassette 4 listed $5 - $12 View All
Phantom Tollbooth Valley Of The Gwangi 7" 1 listed $10 Details
Search PHANTOM TOLLBOOTH at


Our Superior Water View rooms are our most luxurious rooms offering the best views of the harbor. All of our guest rooms and suites have been completely refreshed with all new furnishings, king size beds and five star luxury linens. Enjoy spectacular views from your room or balcony.
All of our guest rooms and suites have been completely refreshed with all new furnishings, king size beds and five star luxury linens. Deluxe Water View rooms offer more space at a reasonable price and are close to the water and dining. Amenitities include a private bath, cable TV, WiFi and a whirlpool tub.
Offering more privacy, our cottages have been completely refreshed will all new furnishings, king size beds and five star luxury linens.


Wassily Kandinsky's Studie für Improvisation 8, widely recognised for its significance to the advancement of abstract art, is expected to set a new world record for the artist when it's auctioned at Christie's Evening Sale of Impressionist and Modern Art on November 7.
The painting is a study for the last of the eight numbered paintings Kandinsky created in 1909 as part of a pioneering series he called "Improvisations." The art work has been estimated at $20-30 million, potentially setting a new record for the artist at auction. The current record of $20.9 million was set in 1990.
The estimate assigned to the painting reflects both its exceptional museum provenance - it's been featured in major museum shows organised by Tate Modern, Kunstmuseum Basel, the Fondation Beyeler and the Musée des Beaux-Arts in Montréal - and its rarity. Studies from Kandinsky's landmark "Improvisation" series of 1909 have come to auction only twice in recent years from private collections and nearly all of the known finished versions of the studies are housed in museums.
As the new edition of The Art Book points out, Kandinsky became aware of the power of abstract art after he saw "extraordinary beauty, glowing with an inner radiance" in an abstract painting, before realising that it was one of his own, seen upside-down.


EVENTSAFE SECURITY LLC (DOS ID 5403093) is a corporation registered with New York State Department of State (NYSDOS). The initial filling date is August 31, 2018.
Please comment or provide details below to improve the information on EVENTSAFE SECURITY LLC.


Our values guide the way we work with our clients, business partners, within our communities and with each other. We always deliver to our clients more value than expected and provide them with loyalty of a true business partner. We treat our employees as family because we believe that they are our strength. We follow a professional approach in what we do and always keep to the highest standards of accountability, punctuality, simplicity, customer focus and integrity. We are striving to be the best.
We aim to become recognized, trustworthy and respected leaders in the best quality of international supplies, expanding into new markets and accepting new challenges. We do our best to meet and exceed our clients' expectations and help them realize their development ambitions. We aim at building a great and strong firm that attracts, develops and retains the best people. We are committed to making a contribution to the communities we live and work in, striving every day to provide better services.


We slow smoke our meats for up to 14 hours – so we aren't talking fast food here. As a result of the smoking process, Pork & Chicken can have a pink hue even though it is fully cooked. Warning: Consuming raw or undercooked eggs, meat, poultry or seafood may increase your risk for food borne illness. Our products may contain wheat, egg, dairy, nuts.
18% gratuity will be added to parties of 8 or more. Menu and pricing subject to change at any time.


A guilty pleasure with zero implications to cholesterol, heart health or waistline; this modern marvel is a welcome alternative to artisan baked goods and fancy food baskets. Ten showy, yellow Asiatic lilies are shipped in bud for long lasting enjoyment. To enhance their inherent sense of drama, we feature them in a Golden ceramic ribbed vase.


The two year long battle between my oldest brother and me ended just in time for us to spend the last six months of his life as friends - and in time for me to learn a rather startling lesson from him.
I suppose siblings need to fight among themselves in order to gain strength and adequate skills to survive in the external world, much as bear cubs need to fight among themselves to prepare them for their world.
Are You a Face 2 Face Networker?
If you a room warrior here are 25 great ways to get the most from your time and energy!
On the way to the Veterinarian's for an emergency run, we passed a church whose billboard stated "You can't see the picture, if you are inside the frame." The statement clearly applies to both our organizations and the dichotomy that exists in almost every workplace on the face of this globe we call earth.
Do You Want An Unfair Advantage In Recruiting & Hiring?
Want to know more about What Makes People Tick?
I have always felt there are 3 parts to the buying cycle, awareness, evaluation and decision.
1st and 10 at the 20. The RED zone.
I don't care how much you push, how much you need that sale. Sometimes it is just not going to happen. Not just that but they don't even want to talk to you.
There Will NOT be a Recession . . .
. . So stop working like there will be and get out there while your competition hunkers down waiting.
Recession or not people need to buy things so why not you?
Recessions are personal. Make sure you are not having a recession and your competition is.
But honestly I don't think there will be a recession.
Gain the edge in the conversation and help your clients get what they want.
If you knew the hidden meanings in what people say, you could have an edge in every conversation.
You would be able to predict and influence their behavior.
If you want more information about these ideas Click Here.


Koochiching Comitatus (Anglice: Koochiching County) est Minnesotae comitatus in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae 14355 incolarum (anno 2000). Comitatus, cuius caput est urbs International Falls, die 19 Decembris 1906 creatus est. In hoc comitatu minima pars incolarum (accurate 3.6 %) haud Anglice domu loquitur.
Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Koochiching Comitatum spectant.


Check back here to see when and where Tess and the Chiefs are playing next!
Fun session with loads of other great singers!
Time to rock again with Tess&theChiefs in Maloe Melo, the best blues club in Amsterdam!
Singing a few songs with Dauphine's house band.
Acoustic gig with Dusty Ciggaar.
"Duizend Stemmen Op Weg Naar Carré"
A choir including 50 singers from Amsterdam do a show with Tess Gaerthé. Part of "Duizend Stemmen in Carré" on the 8th of September 2012.
(Joel & Dusty) Ft. Tess!
Combi optreden: The Tone Twisters, The Rhythm Chiefs, Tess & The Chiefs.
Combi program, Tess & The Chiefs / Holy Water.
Combi program Tess & The Chiefs / Mistery train conductors.
Acoustic gig, Tess & Dusty.
Pre-release party for the new CD "Time Warp" at Cafe Casablanca Amsterdam.


View cart "Jesus Saves – Song MP3" has been added to your cart.
Derek Clark knows firsthand the trials of a hard-knock life. This book is based upon his childhood experience of parental abandonment, his life as a troubled youth and how he found the courage and the power to change the direction of his life.
Derek Clark knows firsthand the trials of a hard-knock life. This book is based upon his childhood experience of parental abandonment, his life as a troubled youth and how he found the courage and the power to change the direction of his life. As a foster child for 13 years, Derek faced many extremes of humility, humiliation, loneliness, aggression, emotional distress, anger, violence and overwhelming anxiety. Becoming a teenager is an important time. Derek has learned some very difficult lessons growing up as a troubled teenager.
Derek reveals how he overcame his adversities and how he triumphed in his personal life. He takes you down his road of lessons that he has learned of hate, anger, mistrust in adults, violent tendencies, rejection, lack of love, child abuse and the memories that have haunted his life. Derek believes he has successfully thrived as a leader in life because of his painful past. His truism is to make no excuses and become what you want to become.
Derek now lives a life of happiness. He inspires youth and adults across this nation to never give up and to not let the past limit their incredible future. He believes it all comes down to a choice and taking responsibility for your life. He is proof that you don't have to let adversity hold you down in life; you have a fascinating and inspiring destiny awaiting you.


Find best value and selection for your SCREEN SCREENS SHAKER SCREENER TOP SOIL DIRT GRIZZLY search on eBay. World's leading marketplace.
Find great deals on eBay for grizzly screen. Shop with confidence.
ELRUS inclined vibrating screens maximize flow and coverage for increased production with minimal maintenance and downtime. By focusing on the three essential factors of shaft design speed, throw and loion ELRUS has developed a screen system that provides efficiency, capacity and gradation control while minimizing vibration transfer to surrounding structures.
20121124 · Designing a gravel grizzly to sift gravel. What would be the weight to cause a 8 foot long tube of 2.0 square tubing with 0.25 thick wall welded on to a steel frame on its angle welded so the tip of a corner is pointed up, another down and the other right and left, not welded on a flat side on its corner.
The vibrating screen design of the FClass eliminates dynamic loads transferred into the structure and allows for multiple machine installations, reducing capital expenditures. During overloading, surging and starting and stopping under load, the shear rubber mounting system, drive and base frame maintain process reliability.
Ecouter et télécharger gratuitement Screen (Grizzly) (Multi size boulder separator) en MP3, HQ MP3.xyz VIDEO 1 TESTTRIAL RUN NEW DEMO SOIL WASTE SCREENER UPRATED MK3 MODEL. Gravel Screen Separator. Télécharger Mp3. Ultra Deck, soil screen, aggregate screen.
Grizzly Screens Manufacturers Information. We are a leading manufacturer directory who will connect you with the right manufacturers whether you are looking for gravel grizzly screens, grizzly screen fabriion, or fixed bar grizzly screen.
May 12, 2009 Over the years since first posting the article on my Homemade Compost Sifter Screen Sieve I've received some really amazing comments by some incredibly ingenious Below is the HomeMade Rotary Trommel Screen by Ken: I used this process with window screen to separate pea gravel from sand.
The BLUELINE Grizzly is the only choice if you are serious about the business, of static screen separators. The future has arrived and you now have a choice to invest wisely. Look around and compare.
Want to build a small gravel screen plant have questons Heavy Have several designs on paper, the one I want to build is: Screen deck is Under the screen cloth would be heavy steel bars to act as a grizzly.
May 11, 2016 A 73yearold Tyler vibrating screen shows the longevity of Haver Hooked Engineered Screen Media as an Alternative to Costly Deck Conversions The machine was then sold to Hard Rock Paving Co. along with the quarry in 1977. and now Waterford uses it to screen natural sand and gravel.
20181025 · Browsing all Sand & Gravel products Two Mass ElectroMechanical Feeder (EMF) Take control over highcapacity feed rates, greater productivity & lower costsperton with the latest addition to our rocksolid, reliable & innovative line of screening, scalping and feeding solutions.
20181022 · build a gravel screen hells canyon gem club, inc. since 1956. build a gravel screen 1. you can use small tacks or staples. design by rick westerholm top view front view.
The screen is critical to your plant production and your profitability. The Simplicity® SM Series is a twobearing inclined screen designed for heavyduty scalping, intermediate sizing as well as finished screening of virtually any material.
Manufacturers soil screener grizzly screen dewatering screen gravel slapping. Quotation More. Rotating Bar Screen. 2017 Full Color P6 Led Screen Outdoor Hd Led Displays Digital Video Screen . square meters of ultraclean, antistatic plant, the most advanced automatic.
operating instruction like setup video&work video and relative drawings. Get Price Grizzly Vibrating Shaker Screen For Gravel And Rock, Find Complete Details about Grizzly Vibrating Shaker Screen For Gravel And Rock,Vibrating Shaker. Get Price Hammer Mill Screen.
General Kinematics nonblinding FINGERSCREEN Grizzly Screens are a proven, highly successful design in a wide range of appliions, including those that are prone to hangups common to conventional wire mesh screening surfaces.
Find gravel screen ads. Buy and sell almost anything on Gumtree classifieds.


The concept of the "Steph Effect" entails basketball at all levels transitioning over the last chunk of years from being predominantly about traditional big men, dunking and traditional positions to.
New South Wales School Holidays. ASC offers 3 day camps operating from 9am till 3pm across all New South Wales school holidays. New camps in Sydney and surrounding suburbs will become available closer to specific term holidays.
PLATTSBURGH — The Adirondack Coast Premier Basketball Camp will offer boys and girls from around the North Country an opportunity to develop their basketball abilities, and it possesses one unique.
To See the World. 110 leaders gathered for the 2019 International Capacity Conference in Antigua, Guatemala.
for those who participate in both the Clinic and Camp. Panthers Boys' Basketball Camp and Clinic. various local basketball boards, serving on the Town.
Aug 22, 2018. Syracuse, N.Y. — Syracuse's Elite Camp takes place Saturday in the Melo Center and a few area high school prospects are expected to be in.
Challenger Sports offers a complete range of summer camps all providing quality instruction from coaches who care about your child! Challenger's many camp programs now boast an incredible team of coaches from Australia, New Zealand, Holland, Brazil, USA and Canada as well as our traditional team of Brits from England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Ireland and Wales.
The Wilton Basketball Association. Wilton Hoops Youth Travel Basketball Program. Welcome to the online home of the Wilton Hoops Basketball Program.
SPRING BREAK ALL SPORTS CAMP. Sports Included in Day Camp: Wiffle ball, softball, frisbee, soccer, volleyball, tennis and basketball. Will work on basic muscular strength and.
A pair of Warriors bring excitement to local basketball camp Golden State's Zaza Pachulia and Shaun Livingston stop by The Overnight Camp in Monterey Bay to teach kids the game of basketball. Check.
The UMES men's basketball team is constantly looking for talent in its own backyard. Led by head coach Bobby Collins, the Hawks look to the surrounding high schools for players that can help the.
Jul 3, 2017. Photo Captions: (Left) Kassie Ayers takes a shot at the Wolfpack Women's Basketball Camp at N.C. State University in Raleigh. (Right) Levi.
Byron Bundy didn't know where hosting the We Got Game basketball camp, a project he committed himself to four years ago, would take him. The scene in the gymnasium of The Crossing church on Tuesday.
Basketball (Men's) Omaha Men's Basketball offers individual skills and offensive improvement camps for boys in grades 1-8 and a Junior Maverick camp for boys in grades 1-6.
Jun 25, 2018. Elizaville's Tyler Lydon, a member of the Denver Nuggets, is hosting a youth basketball camp at his old high school. And the kids are loving it.
Visit from JMU's Houston, local coaches to highlight basketball skills camp The head coach of the Blaze Basketball AAU team will host a one-day skills camp that will feature talk from JMU football.
Frank Mason held a basketball camp for kids in Lawrence yesterday. He'll be in Olathe today, Wichita on Friday, and later Cordova, CA and Petersburg, VA. Sherron Collins says he still "hates".
It was a simple reason for why Michael Picciano, a former basketball coach at Tyburn Academy, organized a day of instruction Tuesday at Cayuga Community College. The camp, designated for boys and.
Welcome to. Team Attack USA Basketball. where athletes come to grow their game!. We are a non profit organization that provides athletes opportunities to learn the fundamentals, position skill set and overall understanding of the game while preparing them for their next level of competition.
Date: Dec 26th-28th (Session 1) Jan 2nd – 4th (Session 2). Where: Napa Christian Gymnasium (2201 Pine Street, Napa) Costs: $160 Early Registration by a.
Interested in the Boise HSBCAMPS? We offer 2 sessions at Capital High School. Click on the image below for schedule, pricing and registration.
The YMCA Youth Basketball League guarantees your child will not get cut, have. contact a local SportsCare representative at 314-577-5640 (this is a Cardinal.
Filter Programs. By selecting a location and age group we can return a list of relevant programs to you. Select a location, All Locations, David D. Hunting YMCA.
The Missoula YMCA is a family-oriented fitness facility serving individuals of all ages. Classes, childcare, summer camps for kids, and more.
School is not the only thing going on at Sam Houston State University during the summertime. The university also offers a wide variety of camps to entertain and educate many different personalities.
Savannah Sharks will offer a variety of Summer Camps 2019 for all ages including Tumble Camp, American Girl Cheer Camp, Co-Ed Stunt Camp, Imagination Station for Preschoolers & Catholic School Cheer Camp @ their Savannah gym.
AIC Women's Basketball Camps. AIC Women's Basketball Camps are dedicated to providing a basketball camp that is both instructional and informational along with.
HENRICO COUNTY, Va. (WRIC) — The community raised funds for a free basketball camp for local kids on Wednesday. Elliott's Soul Food Spot in Henrico County collected the donations for Ray Neblett's.
Registrations are being accepted for the Pacific Basketball League's annual summer camp, Monday through Thursday next week at Broadway Middle School. The camp is divided into two sessions: Session 1:.
Thank you for another wonderful summer at Calvin Summer Sports Camps!. Calvin boys basketball instructional camp is for boys entering grades 5-8, helping.
Welcome to Mick Cronin Basketball Camps at The Friars Club! 1 of 6. Summer Camp Registration Now Open! June 17 – 20, 2019. Learn More. Site design.
Youth basketball camps posted by organizations and teams in your area.
Jun 4, 2018. Former Los Angeles Lakers guard Michael Cooper will lead two basketball camps in Northwest Montana this summer, one June 11-12 at.
"Basketball is my passion, and my desire to convey that enthusiasm and positive attitude about the game to the local youth of Stark and Summit Counties.
BROCKTON – Much unlike its teenage participants, Raise Up Basketball Camp of Brockton is about to celebrate its 20th anniversary. Raise Up, started in 1997 by local Brockton Physical Education.
Do you have a kid who won't get off the court? Or a young boy or girl looking to sharpen to sharpen his or her soccer skills? Well then this next summer program may be for you. For the latest.
Kids hoping to improve their basketball game attended Mr. Jerry's Skill Builders Camp, a week long camp, run by Jerry Georgiana at the West Middle School in Westminster. (Paul W. Gillespie) Pat.
Ultimate is the home site for the legendary Excel in Basketball Camp, founded by Frank Allocco, Sr.
Feb 6, 2019. Bryce will hold the skills camp July 29. Search. Local Sports. Former La Cueva Bear, Bryce Alford to hold basketball camp this summer.
This year Natick Travel Basketball has partnered with the Council on Aging to help rake leaves for 13 homes. The owners of these homes have difficulty with raking and picking up leaves. 4th-8th grade teams are volunteering throughout Natick to make the task a little easier for them this year.
He's participating in Faith Fellowship's BASIC (Brothers and Sisters in Christ) Fundamental Basketball Camp, going on this week at SkyWalker International Sports in downtown Decatur. It turns out he's.
Upward Basketball Recreation. Since 1995, millions of young athletes have participated in Upward Basketball in communities around the nation. Through Recreation Leagues, Camps, and Clinics, young basketball players can chart their own athletic journeys through multiple levels of play – all while being developed into total athletes mentally, athletically, spiritually, and socially.
Jan 30, 2018. 2019 Hilbert Boy's Summer Basketball Camp Hilbert College Boys Summer. Our camp staff is made up of local collegiate players, along with.
another local youth basketball program, since he was 14. He is founder of Rose City Warriors and Rose City Lady Warriors, two select teams under the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States. He.
Jul 1, 2018. Former Washington General holds basketball camps for local youth to teach the importance of athletics and the value in staying away from.
Detroit Pistons' camp 'like a dream come true' for local youngsters Hundreds of young basketball players honed their skills this week with the help of the Detroit Pistons and the Boll Family YMCA.
Charles "Scout" Clark was a military brat who landed in Fayetteville and Berean Baptist Academy, where his hoop dreams wound up being more a flight of fancy due to a lack of exposure. "Nobody knew who.


A little self-praise will rob you of much applause.
How well a bee chooses, how badly a fly! In the same garden one sips on nectar, the other on dung.
O Fate, O Heaven, O Fortune! I could almost believe I am something when you persecute me so greatly.
One lie will destroy a whole reputation for integrity.
People fee a strange inclination toward what is forbidden. Prohibit something and they will die to get it. To make them look for something, you need only proscribe it. The greatest ugliness, when forbidden, is coveted more than the greatest beauty. Prohibit fasting and even Epicurus, even Heliogabalus will allow themselves to die of hunger, and if modesty were forbidden, Venus would leave Cyprus and join the vestal virgins.
See one lion and you've seen them all; one sheep, all sheep. But see one person and you've seen only one, and not even that one completely.
Some people excel at quick thinking, others at quick doing. The former please, the latter astonish.
The great reader of a great book said that he had found only one defect: it was neither so brief that he could memorize it, nor so long that he would never finish it.
There are four ways to know much: live for many years; travel through many lands; read many good books (which is easiest); and converse with wise friends (which is most enjoyable).
What beauty is for the eyes and harmony is for the ears, wit is for the intellect.
When you tackle something with authority, whether in conversation or in reasoning, you win respect from the very outset. If you enter fearfully, you rush to condemn yourself even before others do.
To know things but not practice them is to be not a philosopher but a grammarian.
The wise measure out their lives as though they had both a short and a long time to live.
Philosophy itself is nothing but a meditation upon death: we must think about it often to do it well but once.


text:
Q: have two actions for one button I want have tow keyevent in one button
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK:
  Intent intent = new Intent("com.google.zxing.client.android.SCAN");<<
  intent.putExtra("SCAN_MODE", "QR_CODE_MODE");
  startActivityForResult(intent, 0);
  finish();
  return true;

and
Intent i = new Intent(this, MainActivity2.class);
            startActivity(i);
            finish();`

A: Let's first think about user of your app, but not about app itself. In order to avoid misunderstanding in usage of your app I suggest you, as variant, to implement AlertDialog in this case (may be custom AlertDialog).
Some user pushes the button and AlertDialog appears with title, for example, "Choose the action!" and message that describes options for the user. For Positive button assign "Scan", for Negative button assign those keyword that exactly gives the user understandable choice (in your case, it's redirecting to an other activity), and for Nuetral button assign "Cancel" (you have to give the user choice not to do anything).
If my suggestion will help you it will be good.


SHILLONG: The ban on rat hole mining in Meghalaya imposed by the National Green Tribunal on April 17 this year has had varied ramifications in the State.
While the ban has proved to be a blessing in disguise as far as the protection of the environment is concerned for which it was primarily meant, it has also brought its share of miseries including a slump in generation of revenue for the State as well as rise in instances of crimes in the coal belt areas.
The NGT ban has also resulted in closure of several private-run schools and even some churches in Jaintia Hills.
Agitations against the NGT ban claimed two lives in Mookhep in Jaintia Hills when security personnel fired at an agitated crowd on September 24.
Chief Minister Mukul Sangma had reiterated on a number of occasions that the State Government will urge the Centre to invoke Paragraph 12 (A) (b) of the Sixth Schedule through a Presidential notification so that Central laws in the State relating to mining are repealed.
"Central laws are in conflict with our customary rights, but there is a way out provided Paragraph 12 (A) (b) of the Sixth Schedule is invoked," he had stated.
According to the Chief Minister, the past governments had never taken recourse to the particular Para of the Sixth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. "Now is the time when we will take recourse to the particular Para," he added.
In the wake of the poor fiscal health of the State arising out of the NGT ban on coal mining since April 17, the State government was forced to announce a 25 per cent budget cut for all the departments.
The ban on coal mining in Meghalaya has also affected the revenue collection of the Excise department.
Indicating this, Excise Minister Zenith Sangma had said that the department in 2013 had generated revenue of Rs.155 crore but in 2014 the collection has gone down drastically.
The Chief Minister had also stated that sale of liquor has gone down in the State as an offshoot of the NGT ban on coal mining.
Meanwhile, a major paper mill in the Northeast, which depends on coal from Meghalaya for producing paper, is facing the threat of closure following the NGT ban on mining and transportation of coal. Cachar Paper Mill, a unit of Hindustan Paper Corporation Ltd, a Government of India enterprise located in Barak Valley of Assam, has written to the Chief Minister Mukul Sangma for restoration of coal supply for the survival of the paper mill. Moreover, Railways Minister Sadananda Gowda had said that Railways will lose nearly Rs 50 crore of revenue annually due to the NGT ban on coal mining in Meghalaya.
Though the NGT had allowed transportation of extracted and assessed coal in three installments, a stalemate is on as far as weighbridges are concerned.
There were a large number of reports of illegal mining and export of coal despite the NGT ban. Police arrested many truck drivers and seized hundreds of trucks from across the State for violating the ban.


text:
Patronyme
Laurent Haulotte (né en 1968), journaliste belge

Entreprise
 Haulotte Group, société française de construction d'engins de chantier

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
750 - 751 - 752 - 753 - 754 - 755 - 756 - 757 - 758
Aceasta este o listă a conducătorilor de stat din anul 754:

Europa
Anglia, statul anglo-saxon Northumbria: Eadberht (rege, 737-757)
Anglia, statul anglo-saxon East Anglia: Beonna, Hun și Alberht (regi, 749-?) (?)
Anglia, statul anglo-saxon Essex: Swithred (rege, 746-cca. 758)
Anglia, statul anglo-saxon Kent: Ethelberht al II-lea (rege, 725-762) și Eadherht (rege, 725-după 762)
Anglia, statul anglo-saxon Mercia: Ethelbald (rege, 716-757)
Anglia, statul anglo-saxon Wessex: Cuthred (rege, 740-756)
Asturia: Alfonso I (rege, 739-757)
Bavaria: Tassilo al III-lea (duce din dinastia Agilolfingilor, 749-788)
Benevento: Liutprand (duce, 749-758)
Bizanț: Constantin al V-lea Copronimul (împărat din dinastia Isauriană, 741-775)
Bulgaria: Sevar (han, 738-753/754) și Vineh (han, 753/754-760)
Francii: Pepin_cel_Scurt (rege din dinastia Carolingiană, 751/752-768)
 Friuli: Petru (duce, 751-774)
Gruzia, statul Khartlia (Iberia): Adarnase al III-lea (suveran, cca. 748-760)
Longobarzii: Aistulf (Aistolf) (rege, 749-756; anterior, duce de Friuli, 744-749; ulterior, duce de Spoleto, 752-756)
Neapole: Grigore I (duce bizantin, 739/740-754/755) și Ștefan al II-lea (duce, 754/755-766/767)
Scoția, statul picților: Oengus (Onuist) I (rege, 728, 729-761)
Scoția, statul celt Dalriada: Aed Finn (rege, 748-778)
Spoleto: Aistulf (duce, 752-756; anterior, duce de Friuli, 744-749; totodată, rege al longobarzilor, 749-756)
Statul papal: Ștefan al II-lea (sau al III-lea) (papă, 752-757)
Veneția: Deusdedit (doge, 742-755; anterior, magister militum, 739)

Asia

Orientul Apropiat
Bizanț: Constantin al V-lea Copronimul (împărat din dinastia Isauriană, 741-775)
Califatul abbasid: Abu'l-Abbas as-Saffah ibn Muhammad (calif din dinastia Abbasizilor, 749-754) și Abu Djafar Abdallah al-Mansur ibn Muhammad (calif din dinastia Abbasizilor, 754-775)

Orientul Îndepărtat
Cambodgea, statul Tjampa: Rudravarman al II-lea (rege din a patra dinastie, după 749-758?)
China: Huanzong (împărat din dinastia Tang, 712-756)
Coreea, statul Silla: Kyongdok (Hong-yong) (rege din dinastia Kim, 742-765)
India, statul Chalukya: Kirtivarman al II-lea (rege, 744/745-753/760)
India, statul Chalukya răsăriteană: Vijayaditya I (Bhattaraka) (rege, 746-764)
India, statul Gurjara Pratihara: Nagabhata I (rege, cca. 730-cca. 756)
India, statul Pallava: Nandivarman al II-lea Pallavamalla (Nandipotavarman) (rege din a treia dinastie, 731-795)
India, statul Raștrakuților: Dantidurga (Dantivarman al II-lea) (rege, 733-cca. 758)
Kashmir: Jayapida (sau Vinayaditya) (rege din dinastia Karkota, 751-782)
Japonia: Koken (împărăteasă, 749-758)
Nepal: Narendradeva al II-lea (rege din dinastia Thakuri, cca. 740-777)
Sri Lanka: Aggabodhi al VI-lea Silamegha (rege din dinastia Silakala, 719-759)
Tibet: Mes-ag-ts'oms (chos-rgyal, 704-754/755)

754
754