text:
'use strict';

const chai = require('chai');

const expect = chai.expect;
const Support = require('../support');
const { Sequelize, DataTypes } = require('@sequelize/core');

const current = Support.sequelize;
const dialect = Support.getTestDialect();

describe(Support.getTestDialectTeaser('HasOne'), () => {
  describe('get', () => {
    describe('multiple', () => {
      it('should fetch associations for multiple instances', async function () {
        const User = this.sequelize.define('User', {});
        const Player = this.sequelize.define('Player', {});

        Player.User = Player.hasOne(User, { as: 'user' });

        await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });

        const players = await Promise.all([
          Player.create({
            id: 1,
            user: {},
          }, {
            include: [Player.User],
          }),
          Player.create({
            id: 2,
            user: {},
          }, {
            include: [Player.User],
          }),
          Player.create({
            id: 3,
          }),
        ]);

        const result = await Player.User.get(players);
        expect(result.get(players[0].id).id).to.equal(players[0].user.id);
        expect(result.get(players[1].id).id).to.equal(players[1].user.id);
        expect(result.get(players[2].id)).to.equal(undefined);
      });
    });
  });

  describe('getAssociation', () => {
    if (current.dialect.supports.transactions) {
      it('supports transactions', async function () {
        const sequelize = await Support.prepareTransactionTest(this.sequelize);
        const User = sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
        const Group = sequelize.define('Group', { name: DataTypes.STRING });

        Group.hasOne(User);

        await sequelize.sync({ force: true });
        const fakeUser = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
        const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
        const group = await Group.create({ name: 'bar' });
        const t = await sequelize.startUnmanagedTransaction();
        await group.setUser(user, { transaction: t });
        const groups = await Group.findAll();
        const associatedUser = await groups[0].getUser();
        expect(associatedUser).to.be.null;
        const groups0 = await Group.findAll({ transaction: t });
        const associatedUser0 = await groups0[0].getUser({ transaction: t });
        expect(associatedUser0).not.to.be.null;
        expect(associatedUser0.id).to.equal(user.id);
        expect(associatedUser0.id).not.to.equal(fakeUser.id);
        await t.rollback();
      });
    }

    it('should be able to handle a where object that\'s a first class citizen.', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserXYZ', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('TaskXYZ', { title: DataTypes.STRING, status: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task);

      await User.sync({ force: true });
      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
      const task = await Task.create({ title: 'task', status: 'inactive' });
      await user.setTaskXYZ(task);
      const task0 = await user.getTaskXYZ({ where: { status: 'active' } });
      expect(task0).to.be.null;
    });

    if (current.dialect.supports.schemas) {
      it('supports schemas', async function () {
        const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING }).schema('admin');
        const Group = this.sequelize.define('Group', { name: DataTypes.STRING }).schema('admin');

        Group.hasOne(User);

        await Support.dropTestSchemas(this.sequelize);
        await this.sequelize.createSchema('admin');
        await Group.sync({ force: true });
        await User.sync({ force: true });

        const [fakeUser, user, group] = await Promise.all([
          User.create({ username: 'foo' }),
          User.create({ username: 'foo' }),
          Group.create({ name: 'bar' }),
        ]);

        await group.setUser(user);
        const groups = await Group.findAll();
        const associatedUser = await groups[0].getUser();
        expect(associatedUser).not.to.be.null;
        expect(associatedUser.id).to.equal(user.id);
        expect(associatedUser.id).not.to.equal(fakeUser.id);
        await this.sequelize.dropSchema('admin');
        const schemas = await this.sequelize.showAllSchemas();
        if (['postgres', 'mssql', 'mariadb'].includes(dialect)) {
          expect(schemas).to.not.have.property('admin');
        }
      });
    }
  });

  describe('setAssociation', () => {
    if (current.dialect.supports.transactions) {
      it('supports transactions', async function () {
        const sequelize = await Support.prepareTransactionTest(this.sequelize);
        const User = sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
        const Group = sequelize.define('Group', { name: DataTypes.STRING });

        Group.hasOne(User);

        await sequelize.sync({ force: true });
        const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
        const group = await Group.create({ name: 'bar' });
        const t = await sequelize.startUnmanagedTransaction();
        await group.setUser(user, { transaction: t });
        const groups = await Group.findAll();
        const associatedUser = await groups[0].getUser();
        expect(associatedUser).to.be.null;
        await t.rollback();
      });
    }

    it('can set an association with predefined primary keys', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserXYZZ', { userCoolIdTag: { type: DataTypes.INTEGER, primaryKey: true }, username: DataTypes.STRING });
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('TaskXYZZ', { taskOrSomething: { type: DataTypes.INTEGER, primaryKey: true }, title: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKey: 'userCoolIdTag' });

      await User.sync({ force: true });
      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      const user = await User.create({ userCoolIdTag: 1, username: 'foo' });
      const task = await Task.create({ taskOrSomething: 1, title: 'bar' });
      await user.setTaskXYZZ(task);
      const task0 = await user.getTaskXYZZ();
      expect(task0).not.to.be.null;

      await user.setTaskXYZZ(null);
      const _task = await user.getTaskXYZZ();
      expect(_task).to.be.null;
    });

    it('clears the association if null is passed', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserXYZ', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('TaskXYZ', { title: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task);

      await User.sync({ force: true });
      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
      const task = await Task.create({ title: 'task' });
      await user.setTaskXYZ(task);
      const task1 = await user.getTaskXYZ();
      expect(task1).not.to.equal(null);

      await user.setTaskXYZ(null);
      const task0 = await user.getTaskXYZ();
      expect(task0).to.equal(null);
    });

    it('should throw a ForeignKeyConstraintError if the associated record does not exist', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserXYZ', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('TaskXYZ', { title: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task);

      await User.sync({ force: true });
      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      await expect(Task.create({ title: 'task', UserXYZId: 5 })).to.be.rejectedWith(Sequelize.ForeignKeyConstraintError);
      const task = await Task.create({ title: 'task' });

      await expect(Task.update({ title: 'taskUpdate', UserXYZId: 5 }, { where: { id: task.id } })).to.be.rejectedWith(Sequelize.ForeignKeyConstraintError);
    });

    it('supports passing the primary key instead of an object', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserXYZ', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('TaskXYZ', { title: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task);

      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });
      const user = await User.create({});
      const task = await Task.create({ id: 19, title: 'task it!' });
      await user.setTaskXYZ(task.id);
      const task0 = await user.getTaskXYZ();
      expect(task0.title).to.equal('task it!');
    });

    it('supports updating with a primary key instead of an object', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserXYZ', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('TaskXYZ', { title: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task);

      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });

      const [user0, task1] = await Promise.all([
        User.create({ id: 1, username: 'foo' }),
        Task.create({ id: 20, title: 'bar' }),
      ]);

      await user0.setTaskXYZ(task1.id);
      const task0 = await user0.getTaskXYZ();
      expect(task0).not.to.be.null;

      const [user, task2] = await Promise.all([
        user0,
        Task.create({ id: 2, title: 'bar2' }),
      ]);

      await user.setTaskXYZ(task2.id);
      const task = await user.getTaskXYZ();
      expect(task).not.to.be.null;
    });

    it('supports setting same association twice', async function () {
      const Home = this.sequelize.define('home', {});
      const User = this.sequelize.define('user');

      User.hasOne(Home);

      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });

      const [home, user] = await Promise.all([
        Home.create(),
        User.create(),
      ]);

      await user.setHome(home);
      await user.setHome(home);
      await expect(user.getHome()).to.eventually.have.property('id', home.get('id'));
    });
  });

  describe('createAssociation', () => {
    it('creates an associated model instance', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', { title: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task);

      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });
      const user = await User.create({ username: 'bob' });
      await user.createTask({ title: 'task' });
      const task = await user.getTask();
      expect(task).not.to.be.null;
      expect(task.title).to.equal('task');
    });

    if (current.dialect.supports.transactions) {
      it('supports transactions', async function () {
        const sequelize = await Support.prepareTransactionTest(this.sequelize);
        const User = sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
        const Group = sequelize.define('Group', { name: DataTypes.STRING });

        User.hasOne(Group);

        await sequelize.sync({ force: true });
        const user = await User.create({ username: 'bob' });
        const t = await sequelize.startUnmanagedTransaction();
        await user.createGroup({ name: 'testgroup' }, { transaction: t });
        const users = await User.findAll();
        const group = await users[0].getGroup();
        expect(group).to.be.null;
        const users0 = await User.findAll({ transaction: t });
        const group0 = await users0[0].getGroup({ transaction: t });
        expect(group0).to.be.not.null;
        await t.rollback();
      });
    }

  });

  describe('foreign key', () => {
    it('should setup underscored field with foreign keys when using underscored', function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING }, { underscored: true });
      const Account = this.sequelize.define('Account', { name: DataTypes.STRING }, { underscored: true });

      Account.hasOne(User);

      expect(User.rawAttributes.AccountId).to.exist;
      expect(User.rawAttributes.AccountId.field).to.equal('account_id');
    });

    it('should use model name when using camelcase', function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING }, { underscored: false });
      const Account = this.sequelize.define('Account', { name: DataTypes.STRING }, { underscored: false });

      Account.hasOne(User);

      expect(User.rawAttributes.AccountId).to.exist;
      expect(User.rawAttributes.AccountId.field).to.equal('AccountId');
    });

    it('should support specifying the field of a foreign key', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserXYZ', { username: DataTypes.STRING, gender: DataTypes.STRING });
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('TaskXYZ', { title: DataTypes.STRING, status: DataTypes.STRING });

      Task.hasOne(User, {
        foreignKey: {
          name: 'taskId',
          field: 'task_id',
        },
      });

      expect(User.rawAttributes.taskId).to.exist;
      expect(User.rawAttributes.taskId.field).to.equal('task_id');
      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      await User.sync({ force: true });

      const [user0, task0] = await Promise.all([
        User.create({ username: 'foo', gender: 'male' }),
        Task.create({ title: 'task', status: 'inactive' }),
      ]);

      await task0.setUserXYZ(user0);
      const user = await task0.getUserXYZ();
      // the sql query should correctly look at task_id instead of taskId
      expect(user).to.not.be.null;

      const task = await Task.findOne({
        where: { title: 'task' },
        include: [User],
      });

      expect(task.UserXYZ).to.exist;
    });

    it('should support custom primary key field name in sub queries', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserXYZ', { username: DataTypes.STRING, gender: DataTypes.STRING });
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('TaskXYZ', {
        id: {
          field: 'Id',
          type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
          autoIncrement: true,
          primaryKey: true,
        }, title: DataTypes.STRING, status: DataTypes.STRING,
      });

      Task.hasOne(User);

      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      await User.sync({ force: true });

      const task0 = await Task.create({ title: 'task', status: 'inactive', User: { username: 'foo', gender: 'male' } }, { include: User });
      await expect(task0.reload({ subQuery: true })).to.not.eventually.be.rejected;
    });
  });

  describe('foreign key constraints', () => {
    it('are enabled by default', async function () {
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', { title: DataTypes.STRING });
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task); // defaults to set NULL

      await User.sync({ force: true });

      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
      const task = await Task.create({ title: 'task' });
      await user.setTask(task);
      await user.destroy();
      await task.reload();
      expect(task.UserId).to.equal(null);
    });

    it('should be possible to disable them', async function () {
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', { title: DataTypes.STRING });
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKeyConstraints: false });

      await User.sync({ force: true });
      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
      const task = await Task.create({ title: 'task' });
      await user.setTask(task);
      await user.destroy();
      await task.reload();
      expect(task.UserId).to.equal(user.id);
    });

    it('can cascade deletes', async function () {
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', { title: DataTypes.STRING });
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKey: { onDelete: 'cascade' } });

      await User.sync({ force: true });
      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
      const task = await Task.create({ title: 'task' });
      await user.setTask(task);
      await user.destroy();
      const tasks = await Task.findAll();
      expect(tasks).to.have.length(0);
    });

    it('works when cascading a delete with hooks but there is no associate (i.e. "has zero")', async function () {
      const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', { title: DataTypes.STRING });
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });

      User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKey: { onDelete: 'cascade' }, hooks: true });

      await User.sync({ force: true });
      await Task.sync({ force: true });
      const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });

      await user.destroy();
    });

    // NOTE: mssql does not support changing an autoincrement primary key
    if (!['mssql', 'db2', 'ibmi'].includes(dialect)) {
      it('can cascade updates', async function () {
        const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', { title: DataTypes.STRING });
        const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });

        User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKey: { onUpdate: 'cascade' } });

        await User.sync({ force: true });
        await Task.sync({ force: true });
        const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
        const task = await Task.create({ title: 'task' });
        await user.setTask(task);

        // Changing the id of a DAO requires a little dance since
        // the `UPDATE` query generated by `save()` uses `id` in the
        // `WHERE` clause

        const tableName = User.getTableName();
        await user.sequelize.getQueryInterface().update(user, tableName, { id: 999 }, { id: user.id });
        const tasks = await Task.findAll();
        expect(tasks).to.have.length(1);
        expect(tasks[0].UserId).to.equal(999);
      });
    }

    if (current.dialect.supports.constraints.restrict) {

      it('can restrict deletes', async function () {
        const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', { title: DataTypes.STRING });
        const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });

        User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKey: { onDelete: 'restrict' } });

        await User.sync({ force: true });
        await Task.sync({ force: true });
        const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
        const task = await Task.create({ title: 'task' });
        await user.setTask(task);
        await expect(user.destroy()).to.eventually.be.rejectedWith(Sequelize.ForeignKeyConstraintError);
        const tasks = await Task.findAll();
        expect(tasks).to.have.length(1);
      });

      it('can restrict updates', async function () {
        const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', { title: DataTypes.STRING });
        const User = this.sequelize.define('User', { username: DataTypes.STRING });

        User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKey: { onUpdate: 'restrict' } });

        await User.sync({ force: true });
        await Task.sync({ force: true });
        const user = await User.create({ username: 'foo' });
        const task = await Task.create({ title: 'task' });
        await user.setTask(task);

        // Changing the id of a DAO requires a little dance since
        // the `UPDATE` query generated by `save()` uses `id` in the
        // `WHERE` clause

        const tableName = User.getTableName();

        await expect(
          user.sequelize.getQueryInterface().update(user, tableName, { id: 999 }, { id: user.id }),
        ).to.eventually.be.rejectedWith(Sequelize.ForeignKeyConstraintError);

        // Should fail due to FK restriction
        const tasks = await Task.findAll();

        expect(tasks).to.have.length(1);
      });

    }

  });

  describe('association column', () => {
    it('has correct type for non-id primary keys with non-integer type', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserPKBT', {
        username: {
          type: DataTypes.STRING,
        },
      });

      const Group = this.sequelize.define('GroupPKBT', {
        name: {
          type: DataTypes.STRING,
          primaryKey: true,
        },
      });

      Group.hasOne(User);

      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });
      expect(User.rawAttributes.GroupPKBTName.type).to.an.instanceof(DataTypes.STRING);
    });

    it('should support a non-primary key as the association column on a target with custom primary key', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', {
        user_name: {
          unique: true,
          type: DataTypes.STRING,
        },
      });

      const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', {
        title: DataTypes.STRING,
        username: DataTypes.STRING,
      });

      User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKey: 'username', sourceKey: 'user_name' });

      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });
      const newUser = await User.create({ user_name: 'bob' });
      const newTask = await Task.create({ title: 'some task' });
      await newUser.setTask(newTask);
      const foundUser = await User.findOne({ where: { user_name: 'bob' } });
      const foundTask = await foundUser.getTask();
      expect(foundTask.title).to.equal('some task');
    });

    it('should support a non-primary unique key as the association column', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', {
        username: {
          type: DataTypes.STRING,
          unique: true,
        },
      });

      const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', {
        title: DataTypes.STRING,
        username: DataTypes.STRING,
      });

      User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKey: 'username', sourceKey: 'username' });

      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });
      const newUser = await User.create({ username: 'bob' });
      const newTask = await Task.create({ title: 'some task' });
      await newUser.setTask(newTask);
      const foundUser = await User.findOne({ where: { username: 'bob' } });
      const foundTask = await foundUser.getTask();
      expect(foundTask.title).to.equal('some task');
    });

    it('should support a non-primary unique key as the association column with a field option', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('User', {
        username: {
          type: DataTypes.STRING,
          unique: true,
          field: 'the_user_name_field',
        },
      });

      const Task = this.sequelize.define('Task', {
        title: DataTypes.STRING,
        username: DataTypes.STRING,
      });

      User.hasOne(Task, { foreignKey: 'username', sourceKey: 'username' });

      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });
      const newUser = await User.create({ username: 'bob' });
      const newTask = await Task.create({ title: 'some task' });
      await newUser.setTask(newTask);
      const foundUser = await User.findOne({ where: { username: 'bob' } });
      const foundTask = await foundUser.getTask();
      expect(foundTask.title).to.equal('some task');
    });
  });

  describe('Association options', () => {
    it('can specify data type for autogenerated relational keys', async function () {
      const User = this.sequelize.define('UserXYZ', { username: DataTypes.STRING });
      const dataTypes = [DataTypes.INTEGER, DataTypes.BIGINT, DataTypes.STRING];
      const Tasks = {};

      await Promise.all(dataTypes.map(async dataType => {
        const tableName = `TaskXYZ_${dataType.getDataTypeId()}`;
        Tasks[dataType] = this.sequelize.define(tableName, { title: DataTypes.STRING });

        User.hasOne(Tasks[dataType], { foreignKey: { name: 'userId', type: dataType }, foreignKeyConstraints: false });

        await Tasks[dataType].sync({ force: true });
        expect(Tasks[dataType].rawAttributes.userId.type).to.be.an.instanceof(dataType);
      }));
    });
  });

  describe('Counter part', () => {
    describe('BelongsTo', () => {
      it('should only generate one foreign key', function () {
        const Orders = this.sequelize.define('Orders', {}, { timestamps: false });
        const InternetOrders = this.sequelize.define('InternetOrders', {}, { timestamps: false });

        InternetOrders.belongsTo(Orders, {
          foreignKeyConstraints: true,
          inverse: {
            type: 'hasOne',
          },
        });

        expect(Object.keys(InternetOrders.rawAttributes).length).to.equal(2);
        expect(InternetOrders.rawAttributes.OrderId).to.be.ok;
        expect(InternetOrders.rawAttributes.OrdersId).not.to.be.ok;
      });
    });
  });

  describe('Eager loading', () => {
    beforeEach(function () {
      this.Individual = this.sequelize.define('individual', {
        name: DataTypes.STRING,
      });
      this.Hat = this.sequelize.define('hat', {
        name: DataTypes.STRING,
      });
      this.Individual.hasOne(this.Hat, {
        as: 'personwearinghat',
      });
    });

    it('should load with an alias', async function () {
      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });

      const [individual1, hat] = await Promise.all([
        this.Individual.create({ name: 'Foo Bar' }),
        this.Hat.create({ name: 'Baz' }),
      ]);

      await individual1.setPersonwearinghat(hat);

      const individual0 = await this.Individual.findOne({
        where: { name: 'Foo Bar' },
        include: [{ model: this.Hat, as: 'personwearinghat' }],
      });

      expect(individual0.name).to.equal('Foo Bar');
      expect(individual0.personwearinghat.name).to.equal('Baz');
    });

    it('should load all', async function () {
      await this.sequelize.sync({ force: true });

      const [individual0, hat] = await Promise.all([
        this.Individual.create({ name: 'Foo Bar' }),
        this.Hat.create({ name: 'Baz' }),
      ]);

      await individual0.setPersonwearinghat(hat);

      const individual = await this.Individual.findOne({
        where: { name: 'Foo Bar' },
        include: [{ all: true }],
      });

      expect(individual.name).to.equal('Foo Bar');
      expect(individual.personwearinghat.name).to.equal('Baz');
    });
  });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Opt for timeless tailoring with Paddy Campbell's Becca trouser, crafted from the beloved, black wool crepe fabric. A reliable option you'll be reaching for time and time again, they have been designed with a flattering flat front, for a seamless finish. These elegant trousers are perfect for power dressing. Team with the Beth silk blouse and one of the beautifully cut black wool crepe jackets.


What's a holiday policy and when do you need it?
You should have a holiday policy in place for your employees and workers.
By law, employers must give employees details relating to their holiday entitlement and holiday pay.
Full-time workers, those working 5 days or more a week, are entitled to 5.6 weeks (28 days) of paid leave each year. (These 28 days can include bank holidays.) There is no extra statutory entitlement for workers doing a 6-day week.
Employees must also receive their 'normal remuneration' during periods of holiday (technically, this only applies to the 4 weeks' holiday mandated by the Working Time Directive (Regulation 13), but some employers will choose to treat the additionally legally required 1.6 weeks' leave (under Regulation13A) in the same way).
This means that payments such as commission, overtime and other payments intrinsically linked to performance will have to be included within holiday pay calculations, if they are normally received (it is permissible to look back at the previous 12 weeks to ascertain what is normally received).
The government has a really handy tool for working out part-time workers' holiday entitlements. Helpfully, it can also be used to calculate the entitlement of those working less regular hours/shifts, and for parts of the year, not a full year.
This template includes the statutory requirements, as well as optional elements for you to consider.
See our guide to working time for more details.
Our template employment contract (or director's service contract) will also guide you through these considerations and your actual drafting options in the case of each new hire.
If you have any queries, or for a quick and friendly expert view on your current position, simply select our Speak to a Lawyer feature and we'll rapidly match you with the right expert to get you the help you need.
You'll find everything related to your holiday entitlement in this policy, from how many days you get, to when the holiday year starts, whether you can carry over any unused holiday and what steps to follow to request and make holiday arrangements.
All employees and workers. It does not apply to self-employed contractors.
Your employment contract specifies the number of paid holidays to which you are entitled.
Your entitlement includesis in addition to bank and other public holidays.
We pro-rata your entitlement to time off for public holidays if you work for us part time.
Casual workers and anyone else working irregular hours are paid at the rate of 12.07% of core hours accrued up to a maximum of 28 days in any one holiday year.
The maximum period of holiday that you can take at any one time.
Unless, exceptionally, you have permission from specify consent-provider to take more than this amount, you can take a maximum of twonumber weeks' holiday at any one time.
What is covered in holiday pay?
You'll be paid at your normal rate (including all benefits to which you are contractually entitled) during holiday taken under your normal entitlement.
We may decide, at our discretion and from time to time, to include other payments as part of your holiday pay. If on one or more occasions, we decide to do so, this does not oblige us to do so on every occasion that you take holiday and you will have no contractual rights to these payments.
Name of company's holiday year begins on 1 January and ends on 31 December .
If you join or leave the Company part way through the holiday year, your holiday entitlement is calculated on a pro-rata basis.
If you have just started work, then unless you've agreed something different with your please specify person, you will only be permitted to take as paid holiday the number of days that you have accrued up to the first day of your holiday. If you have not accrued sufficient days to cover every day of your holiday, please discuss this with please specify person.
Holiday is important. We strongly encourage you to use all of the holiday you have accrued in the holiday year in which you accrued it. If you have not taken all of your holiday entitlement by the end of the holiday year, the remainder of your entitlement will, except in the circumstances outlined immediately below, be lost and you will not receive payment in lieu.
You may be entitled to carry over into the next holiday year, up to 5 days of any unused holiday entitlement.
using up the days carried forward within the first 3 months of the new holiday year.
You might be legally entitled to carry over entitlement where any of the circumstances outlined at paragraph 14 below apply to you.
If you fall sick while you're on holiday, you can treat the time off as sick leave instead of holiday. You will need to reclaim your holiday entitlement in these circumstances.
To do this (and to secure your entitlement to take the reclaimed time at a later date), you must ensure that specify consent-provider is informed of your sickness at your earliest opportunity.
This means that wherever you are on holiday, as soon as you can, you should report your sickness to specify consent-provider, and you must provide medical evidence of your illness or injury (in English, or translated into English if necessary). A certificate of sickness from a qualified doctor (whose identity and credentials we are entitled to validate) should be sufficient.
Failure to follow the above procedure will mean that we are unable to record your absence as sick leave and it will continue to be treated as holiday leave.
Once you have correctly followed this procedure and specify consent-provider has confirmed that we are able to treat it as sick leave, you can submit a fresh holiday request in the usual manner (described in Part II below).
If you are already on sick leave at the start of a scheduled holiday period, then if you are able to demonstrate that you would not have been fit to work for any time during that sick leave, you may also be entitled to reclaim the affected days of your holiday.
To secure this entitlement to reclaim the affected days, you must provide specify consent-provider with medical evidence of your sickness. A certificate of sickness from a qualified doctor (whose identity and credentials we are entitled to validate) should be sufficient.
You should ensure that you follow the procedure outlined at section 10 above.
If you are sick during your paid holiday leave, and you are authorised by specify consent-provider to take the time that you were actually sick as sick leave, we may pay you for sick pay during this absence, rather than holiday pay, for those affected days.


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Part of the Wings of Whimsy collection designed by Laura Benge, this hand-painted, resin Angel was carefully designed to match the artist's original woodcarving. The butterfly is a symbol of endurance, change, hope, and a loved one who has passed. This Angel is the perfect gift for anyone needing a reminder to have faith and believe!


text:
New S-Class Coming Soon
Worlds best-selling luxury sedan. Highest level of brand loyalty in the entire automobile industry. Trendsetter for the auto industry with…
SL63AMG Edition IWC
Limited edition model offered in cooperation with IWC Schaffhausen SL 63 AMG Edition IWC: Exclusive AMG Roadster with Choice Interior…
Four eyes for the E-Class from 1995
In the W 210 E-Class models, the four elliptical headlamps entered series production Over thirty technical innovations in the new…
Upper nobility: The Mercedes-Benz 450 SEL 6.9
Launched 30 years ago on May 15, 1975 Second to none: The car's formidable engine Hydropneumatic suspension: For top-notch comfort…
World premiere of the new R-Class
The third Mercedes world premiere of this year will take place in New York this afternoon (4.20 pm CET) when…
New V6 diesel engine by Mercedes-Benz
Mercedes-Benz is presenting a new V6 diesel engine which will replace the previous in-line five and six-cylinder engines from spring…
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A unique amalgamation of the powerful AMG 5.5-litre supercharged V8 engine and exceptional design Imposing performance figures and exclusive specification:…
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Mercedes-Benz celebrates three world premieres at the International Motor Show in Geneva Mercedes-Benz will use the 74th International Motor Show…
Mercedes-Benz C55AMG – The most sporty C-Class ever
An AMG V8 engine with 5.5 litres of displacement, 270 kW/367 hp and 510 Nm of torque — Mercedes-AMG GmbH…
76,800 Passenger Cars Sold Worldwide in January 2004
Mercedes-Benz posts sales record in Asia in January E- and S-Class sedans maintain global leadership smart expects sales increase due…
The new-generation C-Class from spring 2004
– Even more dynamism, quality and modern appeal: fresh impetus from the Mercedes-Benz C-Class Stuttgart, Feb 02, 2004 Four years…
Mercedes-Benz unveils its new SLK-Class R171
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Grand Sports Tourer
Mercedes-Benz at the North American International Auto Show 2004 – Well set for series production: Mercedes-Benz unveils a new interpretation…
Mercedes-Benz presents a new six-cylinder engine
Powerful, lively, economical and quiet: Mercedes-Benz presents a new six-cylinder engine For the future SLK-Class Mercedes-Benz has developed a new six-cylinder…
SLR McLaren: a Gran Turismo for the 21st century
The new Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren is an impressive testament to the expertise and experience of Mercedes-Benz and its Formula-1 partner…
The exclusive SL-Class "Mille Miglia" special-edition model takes to the stage
The exclusive SL-Class "Mille Miglia" special-edition model takes to the stage High-quality luxury appointments on the basis of the SL…
Robbie Williams goes on tour with smart
The European Tour of Robbie Williams next year will mark a new round in the association between the international…
Passenger Cars Improves Global Market Position through October 2002
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W211 E-Class 2002-2009
The Mercedes-Benz W211 is a mid-size luxury car–executive car which was produced by the German automaker Mercedes-Benz from 2002 to…
ESP makes its debut in the Mercedes-Benz S 600 coupe
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Wordpress Action Scheduler not running I am trying to learn how to use the action scheduler so I am hoping somehow can give me some good pointers. I've got this code:
<?php
add_action( 'init', 'wootomation_schedule' );
add_action( 'wootomation_import', 'wootomation_do_action' );

function wootomation_schedule() {
    // if ( false === as_next_scheduled_action( 'wootomation_import' ) ) {
    //  as_schedule_recurring_action( time(), 30, 'wootomation_import' );
    // }
    if ( false === as_next_scheduled_action( 'wootomation_import' ) ) {
        as_enqueue_async_action( 'wootomation_import' );
    }
}

function wootomation_do_action() {
    var_dump('test');
    wp_mail( 'hello@wpharvest.com', 'test AS', 'Action schedule completed' );
}

Which appears to create the action but it never runs. I tried refreshing the front end of the website but didn't help.

Can anyone tell me how to get it to run?
And the 2nd question would be, is this the right approach for breaking up some heavy indexing, maybe with args such as page: "0-100", page: "101-200", etc.
Thanks, Dragos

A: This seems to work, after all, the issue was with my Local by Flywheel which seems to not support wp_cron for some reason... I've tested it on a live server and it works.
Thanks @LoicTheAztec for testing and confirming.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
East Didsbury is a tram stop on Greater Manchester's light rail Metrolink system and the terminus of the system's South Manchester Line (SML). It is on the east side of Kingsway in East Didsbury, close to Manchester's boundary with Heaton Mersey in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport. It was built as part of Phase 3b of the network's expansion and opened on 23 May 2013.

History

East Didsbury tram stop was built on the Midland Railway's former Manchester South District line from Manchester Central Station. East Didsbury Metrolink station is  north-east of East Didsbury railway station, which is a National Rail station on the Styal Line.

Together with West Didsbury and Didsbury Village Metrolink stops, East Didsbury had been a feature of proposals to extend the Metrolink system since 1983. In 2006, it was announced that the CLC line would be re-opened as part of an expansion project, and that the extension would initially go only as far as St Werburgh's Road in a project named Phase 3a. Following the rejection of the Greater Manchester Transport Innovation Fund in a public referendum in 2008, Phase 3b of the extension of the line to East Didsbury went ahead using the Greater Manchester Transport Fund.

Construction of the line through Chorlton began in April 2009 and that part of the new line became operational in July 2011. The extension to East Didsbury opened on 23 May 2013. Passengers could now travel on the old rail alignment into Manchester for the first time since 1967.

Although the station is currently the terminus of the South Manchester Line, the line could be extended to Stockport, a proposal which was originally submitted in 2001, but was cancelled due to the lack of funding. Due to sections of the former railway alignment being built on, an extension to Stockport would involve street running into the town centre.

Service pattern
Services every 12 minutes to , with double trams at peak times;
Services every 12 minutes to , with double trams at peak times.

References

Bibliography

External links

 Metrolink extension plans for City South line
 Metrolink stop information
 East Didsbury Metrolink station plans

Tram stops in Manchester
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 2013
Manchester South District Line
Didsbury
Tram stops on the East Didsbury to Rochdale line

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home News A Weekend Guide to Tel Aviv, Israel
A Weekend Guide to Tel Aviv, Israel
Adam Groffman
Tel Aviv is one of those cities that's always surprising. Most people don't realize just how cool of a city Tel Aviv is; not just for the Middle East, but for all of its neighbors in Europe, too. It's a city where the men walk around topless, the women carry rifles, and just about everyone has a dog. Tel Aviv is famous for its hedonism: its 24-hour nightlife, its world class restaurants, and its picture-perfect Mediterranean beaches. Though there's a complex and complicated political history, in Tel Aviv, this is all forgotten for the sake of a better world. A new world. They don't refer to Tel Aviv as "The Bubble" without reason.
And, thanks to a number of budget airlines flying between Tel Aviv and Europe, the city has become one of the hottest hotspots for weekend breaks. While accommodation can be pricey in Tel Aviv – even hostels are sometimes 25€/night for a room in a shared dormitory – there are ways to get the most out of a Tel Aviv weekend trip, even for as little as 69€/day. Including accommodation! Check out the post below to find out how.
1. Spend your days at the beach1. Spend your days at the beach
Tel Aviv, on the Mediterranean coast, has some of the world's best beaches (and beach parties!). And, while there are many beach bars with lounge chairs to rent per day, you can also enjoy the beach for free. Just bring a towel, maybe some street food from one of the many sidewalk vendors, and spend your day lounging in the sun and sand.
Most twenty-somethings hang out at Gordon Beach, located near downtown/central Tel Aviv. A lot of the beaches in the city center will be crowded with tourists, but make your way further north during sunset for popular drum circles and other outdoor parties.
2. Look for the drink specials at night
Tel Aviv's nightlife scene is constantly changing, which is partly what makes the city so fascinating and interesting for a weekend city break. Nightlife in Tel Aviv is split between the north and the south of the city, with more of the hipster bars and smaller, underground clubs in the Florentin neighborhood. You'll find Rothschild Boulevard a popular spot day and night, with restaurants and cafes when the sun is out, and the spaces transforming into nightclubs as soon as the sun sets.
A new trend in Tel Aviv are the "bracelet bars," where you can buy a bracelet for unlimited drinking all night long. Many Tel Aviv bars also have happy hours, which vary from half-price drinks all night long, to deals where you can get a cheap shot of arak (a local anise-flavored liquor) with a beer.
3. Enjoy the cafe culture
Good food is as important as a fun night out, and Middle Eastern culture relies heavily on food. It's as much a part of life as it is a meal to eat, so it shouldn't be a surprise to find Tel Aviv such a food-centric city. Locals spend their days and afternoons – and sometimes, long evenings – at sidewalk cafes.
In the summer, you'll find iced coffee readily available. The local version is more of a coffee frappe, almost the texture of a milkshake. There's nothing better to cool down with during the hot summers when temperatures can be as high as 40º C (104º F). Plus, you'll want the extra caffeine for the long nights out.
4. Eat the street food
Most Tel Aviv restaurants focus on local foods, like hummus, falafel and other specialties, though Tel Aviv has a thriving international food scene as well. But in all honesty, when the local food specialties are so good, there's no reason not to enjoy it.
Look for the street food vendors with small shops right on the sidewalk, selling everything from fresh fruit juices and shakes, to falafel and shawarma stands.
For more Tel Aviv tips, check out Adam's full Hipster Guide to Tel Aviv.
Have you ever been to Tel Aviv? What'd you think about it? Let us know your thoughts down below!
Also, join us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Pinterest for more.
Master of Fun at Travels of Adam
Adam is a globetrotter and travel writer based in Berlin, Germany, who covers travel tips for music, festivals, art, nightlife, and gay travel in the best cities of Europe and the world. When he's not out exploring the coolest bars and clubs, he's usually enjoying the local arts and culture scene of a new city. You'll find him most often on Twitter — say hi! Follow him on Instagram for more as well.
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Rationelle Bebauungsweisen. Ergbebnisse des 3. Internationalen Kongresses für Neues Bauen. (Brüssel, November 1930). Redaktion: S. Giedion. Herausgegeben von den Internationalen Kongressen für Neues Bauen.
Frankfurt, Englert & Schlosser 1931.
209, (3) pages with numerous plans, drawings, and photo illustrations..
26 x 18,5 cm. Original publisher´s wrappers. (Cover design by Max Bill).
"The real theme of CIAM 3 (Brussels "Rationelle Bebauungsweisen") was a discussion of Gropius' question, "Low-, Mid- or High-Rise Building?" an investigation which paralleled Le Corbusiers views. Following findings from Bohemia and Kaufman however, Gropius and Giedion shifted the debate over building heights away from the strictly economic justifications toward the collective social and spiritual advantages of each type. So Groipius' lecture "Low-, Mid- or High-Rise Building?" which could be considered the keynote address of the congress, began with the argument that reasoning in city planning should not be strictly economic but also should take into account "Psychological and Social Demands." Matthew Pilling.
Some copies with printed slip pasted over gives the name of a subsequent publisher (Stuttgart, Hoffmann). Contributions by Böhm-Kaufmann, Sigfried Giedion, Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier, Richard Neutra und Karel Teige.


First off, I have to say that this show is nothing like the Sabrina: The Teenage Witch from 90's ABC television. Not even remotely so get that out of our head. The cat doesn't talk, the aunts aren't happy, no celebrities are gonna show up on the show and Sabrina wasn't just left at her aunts to learn witchcraft, her parents were killed.
That said, I freakin' love this show.
The show starts easy enough, you learn that Sabrina is about to enter an important moment in her life, her Dark Baptism. This is kinda like a Bat Mitzvah for a witch, when she pledges herself to the Path of Night and the Dark Lord aka Satan. She would then cut all ties with the mortal world and enter the Academy of Unseen Arts.
Trouble is our girl Sabrina (played well by Kiernan Shipka, who played Don Draper's daughter on Mad Men)is torn. She has been looking forward to this moment all her life, but she doesn't want to leave her mortal life behind. What's a girl to do? Especially when unseen forces might be trying to force her hand?
I'm about halfway through episode four as I write this review and I'm impressed with the richness of Sabrina's world. You don't feel like anything was left to whim. From rituals to character traits to wardrobe, pretty much everything works well to build this dark local of Greendale, which is in the same unknown state as the CW's Riverdale. (Not only do we get mentions of Riverdale, we will get a cameo by someone from Riverdale in the first season and the possibilities of more in the future.
There are plenty of mysteries too. What's in the mines that scared Sabrina's boyfriend Harvey (played by Ross Lynch)? Why did Sabrina's father and mother do what they did to Sabrina? And what roles did her aunts (played by Lucy Davis and Miranda Otto) play in all of this? What's taken control of Ms. Wardwell (played by former The Master actress Michelle Gomez)?
I have very few complaints about the show. Mainly about how clueless the normal humans in Greendale seem to be, but that's minor.
I look forward to watching the rest of this season.
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Google, Microsoft pledge to strike piracy sites from front page searches
Bing and Google will make 'pirate' links harder to find in a new UK agreement.
By Charlie Osborne for Between the Lines | February 21, 2017 -- 09:13 GMT (01:13 PST) | Topic: Google
Google and Microsoft have pledged changes to their search engines which will make life harder for users seeking illegal, copyrighted material.
Google, Microsoft, and the UK government have worked out their differences and reached a truce over the availability of pirated material online. While removing links to any website which claims to offer copyrighted material smacks of censorship, the tech giants have offered to sign up to a deal which will make finding content such as pirated films, television shows, and games at least slightly more difficult.
The search engine operators have been accused in the past of not doing enough to protect the rights of copyright holders, and record labels, agents and film studios have campaigned for years for changes to be made.
Now, according to The Telegraph, these changes are afoot.
Under a new set of voluntary guidelines, Microsoft's Bing and Google will remove pirate links from the first page of search results. In addition, both search engines may tweak autocomplete features on their respective search bars to support these guidelines. The autocomplete, first utilized as a time-saving measure, may also remove terms which lead to pirate websites.
While Google has received takedown notices for over a million websites which reporters claim to infringe on copyrighted material, the company cannot rely solely on this information to make an informed decision.
There are domains which are repeatedly reported to Google for other reasons -- such as political purposes. Some websites constantly reported for infringing content, for example, include the White House, NASA, and the BBC. (You can view Google's daily copyright notice reports over at the company's transparency section.)
Instead, Google will only demote domains when there are frequent copyright takedowns issued against them.
The UK's Intellectual Property Office (IPO) copyright watchdog will oversee the changes for the first few months of being implemented. It is possible that after this 'trial' period, stricter rules may be enforced.
"Pirate websites are currently much too easy to find via search, so we appreciate the parties' willingness to try to improve that situation," Stan McCoy of the Motion Picture Association told the publication.
According to the IPO, roughly one in six Britons access and download pirated material, and claims that with the rise in legal streaming services, piracy rates continue to fall.
"Google has been an active partner for many years in the fight against piracy online," a Google spokesperson told ZDNet. "We remain committed to tackling this issue and look forward to further partnership with rights holders."
The news comes on the heels of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in the UK planning to give the failed US 'strikes' system a try.
The government-backed "Get it Right" campaign, members of which now include BT, Sky, TalkTalk, and Virgin Media, aims to "educate" users about legal avenues for content by giving warnings to subscribers that are believed to be using torrent software to download illegal material.
However, there is little consequence for persistent file sharers, so it is unlikely that pirates will be cowed by an emailed notice or two -- especially when they know their contracts will not change.
A Microsoft spokesperson said:
"We are pleased to have reached agreement on this code of conduct for search-related copyright issues, and we thank the UK government for driving this industry-wide initiative forward."
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Esoteric Recordings announce the release of the first album collaboration featuring Peter Hammill, (Van Der Graaf Generator) and Gary Lucas, (Captain Beefheart, Jeff Buckley).
'Other World' is released on 3rd February 2014. The fourteen track recording is a result of an invitation from Peter to Gary suggesting they might convene at the formers studio to see if some musical sparks might fly. Having first met in Aylesbury after a Hammill solo show in 1973, it was not until January 2012 that Gary arrived at the studio armed with instruments and some pieces which might be worth working on. As Peter explains in the notes below, sparks flew and against the odds, "OTHER WORLD" unfolded with seamless speed. The majority of the recordings are produced by Peter and Gary's guitars and Peter's vocal though they are aided by a couple of pieces of found sound and loops.


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text:
Q: Ubuntu 12.10 get MAC like Icon Launcher Anyway to get an Mac OS X style docker like this in the simplest way?

I do not want a full redo of my Ubuntu theme, I just want the icon launcher look alike, any ideas?

A: Cairo dock is a good option, check it out on http://glx-dock.org/
To install, just type sudo apt-get install cairo-dock on terminal

A: Plank is another great option! It's currently what elementaryos uses.
Install guide: http://wiki.go-docky.com/index.php?title=Plank:Installing


text:
Hellraiser: Revelations (2011)
Posted on February 7, 2013 by Felix Vasquez
From what I've read, Dimension has the right to Clive Barker's "Hellraiser" property and wants to remake the film series. But the ever troubled production has reached the point where the rights have run out. To keep the rights, Dimension basically rushed out a cheap shoddy sequel to the original "Hellraiser" series. This is a movie so horribly made and poorly constructed that the iconic Doug Bradley opted out of his star making role as the horrific Pinhead, due to his salary being chopped down from the low budget film. In his place is Stephan Smith Collins a poor bastard who has to live up to Bradley's gravitas as Pinhead in every conceivable way and wages a losing battle from the very beginning.
Like Jackie Earle Haley as uber-Krueger, you immediately begin to compare and contrast. The producers sneakily try to reduce Pinhead's role to prevent the comparisons, but they fail in that regard as well. Wisely, the voice of actor Fred Tatasciore is dubbed over Collins' to give him an intensity his appearance clearly lacks. But that's a miniscule consolation. I'm never going to be confused for a "Hellraiser" fan (I stopped after he visited space), but I know the series is capable of much more than this slop. I know it's capable of much more than "Hell on Earth," but that's another rant for another day.
"Revelations" is almost like someone took a family drama about dysfunction and collided it with throwaway concepts from "Hellraiser." Pinhead is no longer a poor man's Freddy Krueger, and is now reserved to a prop who spends most of his time walking around his hell dimension as the Bradley family (get it? Hyuk!) re-unite to bicker over dinner. Mama Bradley can't get over the fact that her beloved son went missing mysteriously with his friend Steven Craven (get it yet?). Meanwhile daughter Bradley whines about why they can't let go of his memory, all the while trying to find out what's on the tape that's so shocking.
Mama Bradley obsesses over the camcorder left by her son's friend that shows every exploit of his perverse life leading in to his collision with Pinhead and the hell dimension. So not only does the film mix bad drama with hackneyed plot elements from "Hellraiser," but it also tries to ape from the found footage fad. Oddly the Craven and Bradley family get together every year to moan over dinner in their mansion and mope about their sons' odd disappearance (makes sense). When Nico appears from seemingly out of nowhere, he begins to display odd behavior. The family doesn't catch on in time, of course.
Even when he's making out with his sister in the bedroom and slipping his hand down her dress, the family still hasn't quite caught on. "Revelations" really makes no effort to deliver anything new. It's merely there to take up run time only for a very condensed remake of the first film in the final ten minutes. It's a colossal waste of time. It's not like "Hellraiser" has been a high pedigree of a horror franchise anyway, but "Revelations" is clearly just a quick insta-sequel intent on keeping the series fresh for the potential long talked about remake. With horrible acting, a nonsensical story, and a poor replacement for Doug Bradley, this is a sequel worth skipping, altogether.
This entry was posted in Movie Reviews and tagged Drama, H, Horror, Science Fiction, Sequel, Supernatural, Thriller. Bookmark the permalink.
← You Have to See This! Who Can Kill a Child? (1976)
She's All That (1999) →


Adrenalynn from the TRC decided to be kind enough to write a few quicky tutorials showing some basics. There really is nothing like a simple example chunk of code for getting started in programming something new. A big thanks to Adrenalynn for writing these!
At various times I've read here on the forums how difficult it appears to be to get "raw-ish" serial communications going in C#. I've oft debated that sentiment, so here's my contribution to finally putting what I believe to be a misnomer to bed.
This VERY simple stand-alone console app will listen on a free port and echo one line sent from a client to the console, then wait for a newline to exit. Not production code, just the cheapest easiest way I know of to open a listening TCP socket and grabbing some data sent by the client.
This entry was posted on Wednesday, September 3rd, 2008 at 12:11 pm	and is filed under Tutorials. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


text:
Polenta, een Noord-Italiaans gerecht van graan of mais
 Polenta di Bertinoro, een plaats in de Italiaanse gemeente Bertinoro
 Polenta (geslacht), een geslacht uit de familie van de uilen (Noctuidae)
 Polenta tepperi, een vlinder in dit geslacht

Personen
Diego Polenta, een Italiaans-Uruguayaanse voetballer
Da Polenta, een Italiaanse adellijke familie
Francesca da Rimini (1255 – 1285), geboren als Francesca da Polenta
Guido da Polenta (overleden 1310), heer van Ravenna van 1275 tot 1297
Guido III da Polenta (overleden 1390), heer van Ravenna van 1359 tot circa 1382
Samaritana da Polenta, dochter van Guido III


text:
published: true
date: '2018-09-16 15:21 -0700'
title: BGP-EVPN Configuration on NCS 5500 part-2
author: Ahmad Bilal Siddiqui
position: hidden
excerpt: >-
  This post covers the configuration of BGP-EVPN based MC-LAG for Multi-Homing
  of devices on NCS 5500.
tags:
  - iosxr
  - ncs 5500
  - NCS 5500
  - evpn
---

<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;
url=https://xrdocs.io/ncs5500/tutorials/bgp-evpn-configuration-ncs-5500-part-2/">

<link rel="canonical"
href="https://xrdocs.io/ncs5500/tutorials/bgp-evpn-configuration-ncs-5500-part-2/" />

{% include toc %}
# Topic: BGP-EVPN based MC-LAG for Multi-Homing of devices

This post will cover BGP-EVPN based MC-LAG for Multi-Homing of devices. Multi-homing is achieved by EVPN Ethernet Segment feature; it offers redundant connectivity and utilizes all the links for active/active per-flow load balancing. For EVPN Multi-Homing tutorial, we will leverage EVPN control-plane and ISIS Segment Routing based forwarding that we configured in the [previous post](https://xrdocs.io/cloud-scale-networking/tutorials/bgp-evpn-configuration-ncs-5500-part-1/).

EVPN Ethernet segment is a set of Ethernet links that connects a multi-homed device. If a multi-homed device or network is connected to two or more PEs through a set of Ethernet links, then that set of links is referred to as an Ethernet segment. Each device connected in the network is identified by a unique non-zero identifier called Ethernet-Segment Identifier (ESI).

On NCS 5500 platform, following modes of operation are supported.

![](https://github.com/xrdocs/cloud-scale-networking/blob/gh-pages/images/evpn-config/Ethernet-Segment.png?raw=true)

**-	Single-Homing** — A device is single-homed when its connected to only one Leaf or PE. There is no 		redundancy in this mode of operation and it does not need Ethernet Segment to be configured.

**-	Active-Active Multi-Homing** — In active-active multi-homing mode, a device is multi-homed to multiple Leafs/PEs and both the links actively forward the traffic on that Ethernet Segment. This mode of operation is bandwidth efficient and provides per-flow active/active forwarding.

**-	Single-Active Multi-Homing** — In active-standby multi-homing mode, a device is multi-homed to multiple Leaf/PEs and only one link is in active state to forward the traffic on that Ethernet Segment. In case of failure of the active link the standby link takes over and starts forwarding for that Ethernet Segment.

## BGP-EVPN based multi-homing benefits over traditional MC-LAG
There are traditional ways to implement MC-LAG and then there is BGP EVPN based multi-homing. Following table lists some of the benefits of BGP-EVPN based multi-homing over traditional MC-LAG.

| **Traditional MC-LAG** | **EVPN Multi-Homing with Ethernet-Segment** |
| Dedicated inter-chassis links required. This needs to be sized according to access bandwidth | Dedicated inter-chassis link not mandatory, but can be used optionally if needed |
| State sync between nodes is via proprietary protocol/mechanism | State synchronization between nodes is via BGP |
| Prefix independent convergence on attachment circuit (AC) failure not possible | BGP-EVPN provides prefix independent convergence on attachment circuit failure |
| Only 2-way redundancy is practical (due to requirement of inter-chassis link) | N-way redundancy is possible. |

Note: NCS 5500 platform supports only BGP-EVPN based multi-homing with 2-way redundancy.

## Reference Topology
![](https://github.com/xrdocs/cloud-scale-networking/blob/gh-pages/images/evpn-config/Host-connectivity.png?raw=true)

### Task 1: Configure LACP bundle on Host-1

As per the reference topology Host-1 is dual-homed to Leaf-1 and Leaf-2. ASR9K is acting as the host with IP address 10.0.0.10/24. Host-1 is configured with LACP bundle containing the interfaces connected to the Leaf-1 and Leaf-2. Following is the configuration of LAG on Host-1. The LAG on Host-1 will come up after we configure the MC-LAG using EVPN Ether-Segment on the Leaf-1 and Leaf-2.

In this tutorial we are using ASR9K router as the host but we can use any server or other CE device dual-homed connected to the Leaf/PE via BGP-EVPN.

    Host-1

    interface Bundle-Ether 1
     description "Bundle to Leaf-1/2"
     ipv4 address 10.0.0.10 255.255.255.0
    !
    interface TenGigE0/0/2/0
     description "Link to Leaf-1 ten0/0/0/47"
     bundle id 1 mode active
     load-interval 30
    !
    interface TenGigE0/0/2/1
     description "Link to Leaf-2 ten0/0/0/47"
     bundle id 1 mode active
     load-interval 30
    !

### Task 2: Configure EVPN based multi-homing for Host-1

Configure Leaf-1 and Leaf-2 to provision all active multi-homing to host-1. The set of links from Host-1 to the Leafs will be configured as an Ethernet Segment on the Leafs. For each Ethernet-Segment, identical ESI along with identical LACP System MAC address should be configured on the Leaf pair. Every Ethernet-Segment has to be configured with its own uniqure LACP System MAC.

NCS 5500 platform supports static LAG as well as LACP, however in this guide we are using LACP for link aggregation.

![](https://github.com/xrdocs/cloud-scale-networking/blob/gh-pages/images/evpn-config/Ether-segment.png?raw=true)

Configure the bundle on the Leaf-1 and Leaf-2. Use the same config for both the Leafs.

    interface TenGigE0/0/0/47
     description "Link to Host-1"
     bundle id 1 mode active
     load-interval 30
    !
    interface Bundle-Ether 1
     description "Bundle to Host-1"
     lacp system mac 1101.1111.1111
     load-interval 30
    !

Configure Ethernet Segment id (ESI) for the bundle interface to enable multi-homing of the host. Use the identical configuration on both the Leafs. Each device connected in the network should be identified by a unique non-zero Ethernet-Segment Identifier (ESI). We can configure Single-Active load-balancing by CLI command "load-balancing-mode single-active" under "ethernet-segment". By default the load-balancing mode for ethernet-segment is active/active.

EVPN All Active Multi-Homing Config: (Used in this tutorial)

    evpn
     interface Bundle-Ether 1
      ethernet-segment
       identifier type 0 11.11.11.11.11.11.11.11.11
       bgp route-target 1111.1111.1111>
      !
     !

EVPN Single-Active Multi-Homing Config: (For reference only)

    evpn
         interface Bundle-Ether 1
          ethernet-segment
           identifier type 0 11.11.11.11.11.11.11.11.11
           load-balancing-mode single-active
           bgp route-target 1111.1111.1111
          !
         !

Use "show bundle bundle-ether 1" CLI command to verify the state of the bundle interface on Leafs and Host-1.

    Leaf-1

    RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Leaf-1#show bundle bundle-ether 1

    Bundle-Ether1
      Status:                                    Up
      Local links <active/standby/configured>:   1 / 0 / 1
      Local bandwidth <effective/available>:     10000000 (10000000) kbps
      MAC address (source):                      00bc.601c.d0da (Chassis pool)
      Inter-chassis link:                        No
      Minimum active links / bandwidth:          1 / 1 kbps
      Maximum active links:                      64
      Wait while timer:                          2000 ms
      Load balancing:
        Link order signaling:                    Not configured
        Hash type:                               Default
        Locality threshold:                      None
      LACP:                                      Operational
        Flap suppression timer:                  Off
        Cisco extensions:                        Disabled
        Non-revertive:                           Disabled
      mLACP:                                     Not configured
      IPv4 BFD:                                  Not configured
      IPv6 BFD:                                  Not configured

      Port                  Device           State        Port ID         B/W, kbps
      --------------------  ---------------  -----------  --------------  ----------
      Te0/0/0/47            Local            Active       0x8000, 0x0003    10000000
          Link is Active

    Leaf-2

    RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Leaf-2#show bundle bundle-ether 1
    Sat Sep  1 07:57:39.368 UTC

    Bundle-Ether1
      Status:                                    Up
      Local links <active/standby/configured>:   1 / 0 / 1
      Local bandwidth <effective/available>:     10000000 (10000000) kbps
      MAC address (source):                      00bc.600e.40da (Chassis pool)
      Inter-chassis link:                        No
      Minimum active links / bandwidth:          1 / 1 kbps
      Maximum active links:                      64
      Wait while timer:                          2000 ms
      Load balancing:
        Link order signaling:                    Not configured
        Hash type:                               Default
        Locality threshold:                      None
      LACP:                                      Operational
        Flap suppression timer:                  Off
        Cisco extensions:                        Disabled
        Non-revertive:                           Disabled
      mLACP:                                     Not configured
      IPv4 BFD:                                  Not configured
      IPv6 BFD:                                  Not configured

      Port                  Device           State        Port ID         B/W, kbps
      --------------------  ---------------  -----------  --------------  ----------
      Te0/0/0/47            Local            Active       0x8000, 0x0003    10000000
          Link is Active
    RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Leaf-2#

Ethernet Segment configuration on both Leaf-1 and Leaf-2 is complete and we can see that the bundle interface is 'Up' as per the above output.

Verify the Ethernet Segment status by CLI command "show evpn ethernet-segment detail".

    RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Leaf-1#show evpn ethernet-segment detail
    Legend:

    Ethernet Segment Id      Interface                          Nexthops
    ------------------------ ---------------------------------- --------------------
    0011.1111.1111.1111.1111 BE1                                1.1.1.1
      ES to BGP Gates   : B,M
      ES to L2FIB Gates : H
      Main port         :
         Interface name : Bundle-Ether1
         Interface MAC  : 00bc.601c.d0da
         IfHandle       : 0x00000000
         State          : Down
         Redundancy     : Not Defined
      ESI type          : 0
         Value          : 11.1111.1111.1111.1111
      ES Import RT      : 1111.1111.1111 (Local)
      Source MAC        : 0000.0000.0000 (Incomplete Configuration)
      Topology          :
         Operational    : SH
         Configured     : All-active (AApF) (default)
      Service Carving   : Auto-selection
      Peering Details   : 1.1.1.1[MOD:P:00]
      Service Carving Results:
         Forwarders     : 0
         Permanent      : 0
         Elected        : 0
         Not Elected    : 0
      MAC Flushing mode : STP-TCN
      Peering timer     : 3 sec [not running]
      Recovery timer    : 30 sec [not running]
      Carving timer     : 0 sec [not running]
      Local SHG label   : None
      Remote SHG labels : 0

    RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Leaf-1#

As we verify the Ethernet segment status, it is observed that there is no information of VLAN services and  Designated Forwarder election. Also, the below output only shows Leaf-1's own next-hop IP address for Ethernet segment, although for all-active multi-homing we should also see peer Leaf's address as next-hop address. This is due to the reason that we have configured Ethernet segment but have not provisioned a VLAN service for it yet.

In the [next post](https://xrdocs.io/cloud-scale-networking/tutorials/bgp-evpn-configuration-ncs-5500-part-3/), we will implement configuration of VLAN and stretching layer-2 bridging for that VLAN between the Leafs. [Task-2](https://xrdocs.io/cloud-scale-networking/tutorials/bgp-evpn-configuration-ncs-5500-part-3/#task-2-configure-layer-2-interfaces-and-bridge-domain-on-leafs) and [Task-3](https://xrdocs.io/cloud-scale-networking/tutorials/bgp-evpn-configuration-ncs-5500-part-3/#task-3-configure-evpn-evi-on-leaf-1-leaf-2-for-vlan-10) focuses on VLAN configuration and service carving for Ethernet Segment.


text:
Leopard Trek's Jens Voigt: "I'll burn. I'm ready to die for you on the bike."
by Jered Gruber at 6:28 PM EST comments
Categories: Pro Cycling
German says that calling an end to his career after leading the Schlecks to Tour glory in July would be a 'Happy Ending'
Jens Voigt needs no introduction. He's arguably the most popular bike racer on the planet, and when he speaks, it's a 100% guarantee that what he says is worth listening to. In a recent interview with Luxembourg's Tageblatt, the 39 year old German lives up to his own standards once again and delivers an interview worth reading.
There's no doubting Voigt's passion for his job. It's evident in everything he does, down to the way he walks. Last year in April, I had the chance to see Voigt in action in California, and the thing that stands out to me above all was a moment when both he and Stuart O'Grady were walking out the door to go ride bikes.
O'Grady passed by with hunched shoulders, a shuffle to his walk. Voigt came careening around the corner and did a veritable hop, skip, and a jump out the door, before heading out on his bike for five hours. At the end of the day, he returned with the same energy, the same smile, the same gait.
"I'm one of the luckiest guys in the world - I've been able to make my hobby my job. Because it's such a hard sport, it's important to be able to work in an environment that's fun. Imagine, you think: 'Hey, now I have to go back to the races, back to all those idiots.' That just doesn't work."
Voigt's energy is not just centered around his job though. It's clear that in everything he does, it's a 100% effort, including fatherhood, and there's no lack of children for the two-time Deutschland Tour winner to apply his energy to: as of January 8th and the birth of a daughter, Marie, Voigt has six children. For a rider like Voigt, or any high level professional cyclist, time away from home, a lot of it, is just a part of the job description. Voigt has managed to figure out a way to handle the time away from home and still, in his opinion, still be able to spend as much time with his children as any normal father would.
"In the off season, I was at home for almost three months. I think that at the end of the year, I spend the same amount of time with my children as would any other father who works everyday from 800 until 1600. My time is just structured differently. When I get home from a race on Sunday, then I'll either take Monday completely off or go for a really easy ride. I can take my kids to school, do some training, and then go into town with my wife, have a coffee, pick up my kids, and it's great."
A Second Family
With his family life seemingly in perfect order, the prolific winner at the old Criterium International doesn't have to worry about missing out on anything with his cycling team either. With his many years spent with the CSC/Saxo Bank outfit, he has grown close to both of the Schleck brothers.
"I was with CSC/Saxo Bank for seven years. Fränk was there a year longer than me, and I started the same year that Andy was a stagiaire. Their development has been so beautiful. At the beginning, they came to me and asked: 'Oh, how do you do this or that?' Then I'd give them tips, also stuff about life. What's important? Your attitude toward life and friendship…"
It's unsurprising that the Schlecks would find a great friend in the outgoing German. The friendship has extended far from the bike.
"Yeah, I told him how to change diapers. We go hunting together, or we sit around and play poker. Then someone brings a bottle of wine…"
When I interviewed Andy Schleck last year, he said that he could barely function following his brother, Fränk's, major crash. Bjarne Riis knew how important Voigt was to not only the Schlecks, but the whole team, so when he crashed on that infamous descent in 2009, Riis refused to give any updates on Voigt to his team as they finished up the day. It was a decision that left the elder Schleck less than pleased, and eventually, he had to ask a journalist what had happened to Voigt.
"I saw Fränk's crash, and he was there for mine. In 2009, after my crash, he was angry with Bjarne, because Bjarne did not want to tell them anything during the race about how I was doing. After the race, he had to go to anti-doping, and after that, he finally asked a journalist if I was ok. 'What do you think: that Jens Voigt would die?' He was really mad at Bjarne."
Riis likely had good reason to hold off on informing his star riders of Voigt's condition. It was far from promising. It was certainly an unpopular decision to keep them in the dark, but it's definitely not a surprise that Riis would choose to opt for his team's anger over his team losing their grip on the stage.
There was a period when Voigt wasn't too thrilled to talk about the crash that made the world's heart stop in 2009. Understandably so. With a year and a half between him and the crash, he's more open to the topic and describes the lead up to the crash, followed by the aftermath in detail.
"We went over the mountain. We were at the front with Armstrong, Contador, and both of the Schleck, so it was about 10-12 riders. Then Bjarne spoke to me over the radio: "Don't do everything by yourself, the others can do some work too and help out." So I let myself drift back to get some water bottles, and then we were going to try to win the stage, the three of us. After that, I don't know anything else until I woke up in the ambulance. Then I thought to myself: 'How in the hell did I get here?' And then came: 'Why does everything hurt so bad?'"
Looking back, the Berlin resident says that it was his family who suffered the most in the hours following his frightening crash. Up until this point, it was never totally clear just how bad off Voigt was. In his interview with Christophe Junker, he reveals that things were touch and go for a while.
"It was, above all, hard for my family, because it took so long until they got information from me. First, I was on the ground in the road, then, at the first hospital, they said - "Nah, this is too hard for us. We're not outfitted for something like this. Then I went with the helicopter to Grenoble. They knew what to do. They called Kim Andersen every hour and told him how it was looking. At first, it was: He won't die. Then: It's serious, but he's responsive. Then: he won't be paralyzed. In the evening, at ten, I was able to call my wife and tell her: 'Hello, don't worry. I know who you are and what our children's name are. I just need a little time.'"
Of course, we know now that Voigt continued on. In the mythical version of Jens Voigt, the crash would have been nothing but a minor delay, an excuse to play video games for a few weeks, while he rested up to come back and crash any and everyone. Usually, mythical characters don't quite live up to the myth in moments like that, but there's a reason Voigt is a legend, and in his lowest moment, there was never any doubt about returning. He had to.
"No, I'm a staunch supporter of the theory: you decide your own fate. You can decide your own fate. I told myself: 'I don't want such a freaky accident to decide for me that now I'm done. I came to grips with the problem and didn't run away from it. I would have grown to be an unhappy old man [if I hadn't returned]. My wife realized the same thing as well.'
Asked whether he's ever looked at footage of his wreck, Voigt laughs off the idea, but makes it clear: he doesn't want any part of that.
"Hey, I'm old school. I don't need any psychologists or anything like that."
One More Tour?
Two big questions remain: how much longer will the rider everyone knows by his first name continue, and will he be a part of this July's Tour de France team? The two questions look like they could be intertwined.
"The Tour is no gift. In my opinion, the Schlecks, Fabian [Cancellara], and Jakob [Fuglsang] are definites, no matter what happens. I will try to get on the team. To do that, you also have to tell yourself: I'll burn, I'm ready to die for you on the bike. This give and take is expected though. They've helped me out a lot as well, for example, they helped me win the Deutschland Tour. It's give and take."
At this point in his career, Voigt looks to be more on the giving end than the taking one, but that doesn't seem to bother him one bit. Thankfully, for cycling fans everywhere, Voigt lived up to his own iconic standards and continued on after his horrific crash in the 2009 Tour. His new team looks to be in the driver's seat headed to July. A victory with the Schlecks in Paris at the end of July might just be the final success that Voigt needs before he's able to call it a career.
"In 2008, we won the Tour with Carlos Sastre and both Schlecks in the team. I was 36 then, and I thought to myself: 'It can't get better than this.' We won stages, the team classification, the general classification, and we all stood there at the top together. All nine. One doesn't get to experience that very often...In Paris, a beautiful chapter in cycling could end for me there. That would be a Happy Ending."
Voigt takes most aggressive rider award in Tour Down Under: "You can call me the Elvis of breakaways"
Andy Schleck: "The advantage is that I'll have Fränk on my side in the Tour."
Trek Factory Racing presents new team and kit for 2014
Nine WorldTour ProTeams confirmed for Amgen Tour of California
Bjarne Riis suffering from depression over doping allegations
Leopard Trek team remains in 2014, becomes Leopard Development squad
Tinkov new owner of Riis' squad: "The goal is to become the world's best team'


Bali is one of Australia's favourite holiday destinations and lucky for us holiday makers, it is also a great fishing destination! Our operator is located in a fishing village only 1 hours drive from the main resort centre of Kuta and offers day trips to suit groups from 2 to 6 people including transfers from your hotel. If you are staying in Nusa Penida or Lombok there are ferries which can get you to your fishing departure point and they operate every 2 hours. Share charters are available.
There is a large range of fish species on offer including Blue & White Marlin, Yellowfin Tuna, Wahoo, Spanish Mackerel, Sailfish, Trevally, Rainbow Runner and many more. You can choose your favourite fishing style whether it be jigging, popping or trolling these waters for a target species. Most of Bali's best fishing occurs around the east coast of the island which is well known by our experienced English speaking guides and skippers. Or if you want to try something a little more out of the ordinary, try your hand at the traditional spearfishing.
At the end of each day we can arrange for your catch to be dinner at one of the local restaurants before returning to your hotel.


text:
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// Todas as modificações neste arquivo serão perdidas após a recompilação do esquema de origem.
// Gerado em: 2019.09.22 às 07:43:52 PM BRT
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package br.com.swconsultoria.cte.schema_300.cteModalRodoviario;

import java.util.ArrayList;
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import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
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@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
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}


A preview of the emerging health care companies profiled in the current issue of Start-Up. This month's profile group, Cardiac Regeneration Start-Ups Look to Repair, not Replace, features profiles of Arteriocyte, Celladon, NanoCor Therapeutics and Theregen. Plus these Start-Up Across Health Care: Alder Biopharmaceuticals, Endotis, Novelix and VaxInnate.


Back with another one! Fregata has some very sneaky people.
I have been keeping some tabs on old spriting sources and on my own time trying to keep an eye on any and all of our old forums to ensure upkeep and archival, as well as admittedly taking the odd walk down memory lane. However while trying to access the old invisionfree sprite wars forums I was directed to a page that had the following.: It seems that the web address of the old forums is not longer accessible for whatever reason until these tapatalk folks are contacted. Granted it's a given that the old forums were pretty much used for a long time at this point as just archival and not much else since the forum migration years ago. however I think it might be important for the sake of archival and maintaining community digital history that someone might try and look into seeing about getting this incident resolved since their is a lot of old content of note that could still be worth preserving and revisiting.
Yeah yeah, 'thread is dead', but the whole forum is in traction. Not as bad as Halo Sprites forums, which are basically Cass's abandoned playground, but still. Enjoy this silly meme I made based off a game I have yet to play and a member of the forums I never met. All credit belongs to Nexus and Tsauruvia. "Merku...I am already a demon..." What a shame that he purged his whole majhost Gallery. Even the free use stuff.
Fregata's still getting used to the variety of environments on the unnamed planet, so I recommend you BEAR with them! I'll see myself out.
It's weird, I sort of miss Steampeng. That Steampunk army was extra rough around the edges, but it could've worked.
Been feeling way too much disaffection these past 2 years. The hibernation that this site's been experiencing is one part of it. I was really amazed by the lore everyone had built before I joined. I devoured whatever I could that wasn't lost. I really felt like I could help contribute to the community. My whole spriting career is basically still in shambles from the misfortune that struck me in late 2014 through most of 2015. The interest is still lost in the background somewhere, but it gets buried by more pressing matters. Watching the majhost crash pull the rug out from under our collective feet hasn't helped, and neither have some of the other debatable turns of events that affected this community more recently. A little over 2 months back, the fifth anniversary of when I signed up here passed. It's such a strange thing to comprehend. Five years is a lot of time for something to exert its impact on you, and this forum definitely has done so, relic of a better different time that some may view it as. I've found newer interests, different ways to express myself in silly vanity projects. On some level, I have to think that my current creative works took a subtle inspiration from this website; the freedom to develop one's own ideas, and the ability to bring them into a greater pool that people could adapt and interact with. All I can say for sure is: I'm not ditching Sprite Wars yet.
Sending him off with a bang!
An elephant and a camel meet on a road.. Elephant: Say, why is it you have your breasts on your back? The camel paused for a second. Camel: That's an unusual question coming from someone who has a genital on his face.
What do you call an overweight baby? Heavy infantry.
How do you spot a blind man on a nudist beach? Well, it's not hard.
Did you know that you can tell the gender of an ant by throwing it in water? If it sinks, girl ant. If it floats, buoyant.
I've scoured the celestial bodies for humor.. The real joke's always in the comets.
Three blonds are out walking in the Forest when they come across a set of tracks.. "Those are deer tracks!" Said the first. "No! They're antelope tracks!" Said the second "Oh no... they are definitely bear tracks!"said the third. They were still arguing when the train hit them.
A farmer had 196 cows in his field.. When he rounded them up he had 200.
Job interviewer: "So, where would you see yourself in five years' time?" Me: "Personally I believe my biggest weakness is in listening."
My grandfather survived both the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings.. Being in Canada helped.
Hey, fellas! I've created this thread for us to share a few full-hearted laughs, something to lighten up the day when the going gets rough or you just needed something to pick you up from a gloomy day. Let me start this up with a few shorts: Scientists finally found out, how much sleep humans exactly need.. ...just five more minutes.


Amazon Redshift is changing the game for what's possible around the construction of data warehouses in the cloud.
on a cool million-dollar minimum investment to get things up and running.
A data warehouse, while often defined differently, is just a database that contains abstractions of transactional data used for making business decisions. Data analysis tools run against the data, and the output is different views of that, including reports and visualized data.
In the past, Oracle and other larger enterprise players ruled the data warehousing world. With the emergence of cloud-based solutions, such as data warehouse storage that runs on public cloud providers, the cost of building and deploying a data warehouse has been significantly reduced.
Redshift can provide fast query performance by leveraging columnar storage approaches and technology.
The Amazon Redshift service is an obvious jab at Oracle. However, it's changing the game, in terms of what's possible around the construction of data warehouses in the cloud. Redshift can provide fast query performance by leveraging columnar storage approaches and technology, much of which is taken from enterprise database technology.
A columnar database is a concept or architecture. Many columnar databases build upon traditional, row-oriented database management systems. They simply store the information in tables with one or two columns, and add the necessary layers to access the columnar data. Redshift is just an instance of that technology, but what's unique about it is the way that we consume Redshift as a public cloud service.
The use of a columnar database/storage, such as Redshift, improves I/O efficiency and parallelizing queries across many server instances. Because the service instances are expandable and on-demand, in the world of Amazon Web Services, it's a simple matter of auto- or self-provisioning the service instances needed to support the query, and then returning them once the operation is complete.
Redshift leverages standard PostgreSQL, JDBC and ODBC drivers that will support any existing clients that support SQL (Structured Query Language). Data load speed scales linearly with cluster size, with integrations to Amazon S3, Amazon DynamoDB, Amazon Elastic MapReduce, Amazon Kinesis or any SSH-enabled host. So, in other words, Redshift is a big honking columnar database that's highly scalable and highly cost-effective.
The core consideration is cost-to-value. Clearly, when leveraging cloud delivered services versus your own hardware and software, the cloud will win out most of the time. Redshift is no different, in terms of looking for a solid data warehouse that's both high-performing and cost-effective. It's tough to find both; a couple of things to consider include integration and the data itself.
Keep in mind that most, if not all, of your data resides on-premises, and thus must be moved to Redshift at some point. There are easy ways to do this; however, large amounts of data that must move daily or weekly could be more cumbersome and problematic than you think.
The data could prove to be a problem as well, if there are regulations that force you to handle the data in certain ways, including issues with placing data on public clouds. These data-compliance issues seem to be falling by the wayside now that cloud computing is more mainstream. Check into regulations specific to your business before making the move.
So, to Redshift or not to Redshift? Most of the time you should Redshift, or make sure it's a core consideration. The money and time saved will be significant, and data warehousing won't just be for rich enterprises anymore. Some say that's a good thing.
David Linthicum is the chief technology officer (CTO) of Blue Mountain Labs, the author or coauthor of at least 13 books on computing and an internationally known distributed computing and application integration expert. He has more than twenty years of experience in the integration technology industry, most recently as CTO at Grand Central Communications. He has consulted for hundreds of major corporations engaged in systems analysis, design and development, with a concentration in complex distributed systems. You can reach him via email at david@bluemountainlabs.com, follow him on Twitter @DavidLinthicum or view his profile on LinkedIn.
Has your business faced regulation issues with placing data on public clouds?
Companies that I talk to often face challenges when attempting to load data to the cloud. This is an area where some good solutions exist, but there are challenges either way.
It is difficult extracting data from heterogeneous sources and then adapting that data for ingestion to Amazon Redshift. Also, it is a daunting task to achieve near real-time replication given these constraints. Lastly, moving large datasets over the WAN is often problematic and costly, especially the impact it has to the integrity of data.
Has anyone else ran into this? What solutions do you guys use?
We are considering an end-to-end solution called Attunity CloudBeam for Amazon Redshift. They are featured in the Amazon Marketplace: https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00JK3HIWQ.
Love to hear your experience with them.
Great comment/question, online789. Has your business begun using Attunity CloudBeam? If so, do you find it has simplified and accelerated data loading like it promises?
Data Warehouses serve a particular niche, but online789 is right. MOving large amounts of data repeatedly within and without the company is not necessarily the best idea generally.


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