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Home » Context of 'April 27, 2011: African-American Church Receives Death Threats, Racial Slurs after Obama Visit, Media Attack'
Context of 'April 27, 2011: African-American Church Receives Death Threats, Racial Slurs after Obama Visit, Media Attack'
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March 12, 1956 and After: 101 Southern Congressmen Sign Document Declaring States Must Defy 'Brown v. Board' Court Decision, Says States Can Ignore Federal Law
Senator Strom Thurmond (right) supervises the typing of an early draft of the document that will come to be known as the 'Southern Manifesto.' [Source: Strom Thurmond Institute]A hundred and one congressmen, mostly conservative Southern Democrats, sign a document forwarded to President Eisenhower that becomes known as the "Southern Manifesto." The document, formally entitled "The Declaration of Constitutional Principles," is prompted by the recent Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Supreme Court decision mandating the desegregation of American public schools, and is designed to pressure wavering Southern lawmakers into defying the Court's decision as part of what researcher Tony Badger will later call "the massive resistance strategy so passionately advocated by the conservatives." It is read aloud on the floor of the Senate by Walter George (D-GA), and was originally conceived by Senator Strom Thurmond (D-SC) with the assistance of his colleague Harry Byrd (D-VA), though the final version was tempered by a rewrite overseen by Senator Richard Russell (D-GA). The "Manifesto" declares that in certain instances, states are free to ignore federal laws and court decisions such as Brown v. Board. The document declares the Court decision an attempt to "substitute naked power for established law," calls it "a clear abuse of judicial power," and says that the states can and must defy the Court's decision in the interest of establishing the rights of the states against the federal government. The principle of "separate but equal" treatment of white and black Americans, codified in an 1849 case and upheld by the 1896 Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, is, the signers state, "the established law of the land" and cannot be overturned by the current Court. It is up to the states, not the federal government, to determine if and when they will desegregate their separate school systems. Far from mandating equal treatment, the signers state, the Brown decision "destroys the amicable relations between the white and Negro races that have been created through 90 years of patient effort by the good people of both races," and "has planted hatred and suspicion where there has been heretofore friendship and understanding." The "judicial encroachment" of the decision must be resisted by "any lawful means," they write. The signers conclude, "Even though we constitute a minority in the present Congress, we have full faith that a majority of the American people believe in the dual system of government which has enabled us to achieve our greatness and will in time demand that the reserved rights of the States and of the people be made secure against judicial usurpation," and ask their supporters not to give in to the "agitators" determined to sow chaos and disorder in the name of desegregation. [US Senate, 3/12/1956; Time, 3/26/1956; Badger, 4/1997]
Disparate Group of Non-Signers - Cambridge University scholar Tony Badger will later write of the Southern lawmakers who refuse to sign the document, "The evidence from Texas, Tennessee, Florida, and North Carolina highlights the diversity of political opinion among the non-signers—from New Deal liberal to right-wing Republican ideologue—and the disparate sources for their racial moderation—national political ambitions, party loyalty, experience in the Second World War, Cold War fears, religious belief, and an urban political base." [Badger, 4/1997]
Thurmond Calls NAACP 'Professional Racist Agitators,' Says Southern Whites Are Nation's 'Greatest Minority' - After the reading, Thurmond delivers a far less measured television address, calling the organization that brought the original lawsuit, the NAACP, a group of "professional racist agitators" and saying: "All of us have heard a great deal of talk about the persecution of minority groups. The white people of the South are the greatest minority in this nation. They deserve consideration and understanding instead of the persecution of twisted propaganda." After his speech, one Georgia woman praises Thurmond's "courage and wisdom," and asks: "Wouldn't it be possible to remove much of the Negro population from the South? I sincerely wish that this might be done, and would be glad to even contribute personally to the expense of such a plan." [Cohodas, 1993, pp. 284-300]
Counterattack in Congress - In the following days, a succession of Northern Democrats lambast the manifesto on the Senate and House floor, and none of the signatories rise to speak in its defense. Wayne Morse (D-OR) says the document advocates nothing less than the "nullification" of the federal government, and if taken to its logical conclusion, the dissolution of the United States into 50 disparate entities. "If the gentlemen from the South really want to take such action," he says, "let them propose a constitutional amendment that will deny to the colored people of the country equality of rights under the Constitution, and see how far they will get with the American people." [Time, 3/26/1956; Cohodas, 1993, pp. 284-300] One Southern senator says shortly after its reading, "Now, if these Northerners won't attack us and get mad and force us to close ranks, most of us will forget the whole thing and maybe we can pretty soon pretend it never happened." [Time, 3/26/1956] The "Manifesto" heralds a split in the Democratic Party, between conservative, segregationist "Dixiecrat" Southerners and the moderate-to-liberal remainder of the party's lawmakers. Thurmond will lead an exodus of the segregationists from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party shortly thereafter. [Cohodas, 1993, pp. 284-300]
Entity Tags: Richard Russell, Jr, Walter George, Tony Badger, Harry Byrd, Dwight Eisenhower, Strom Thurmond, Wayne Morse
May 11, 1993: Limbaugh: Many Americans Yearn for Return of Segregation, Explicit Racism
Radio personality Rush Limbaugh hosts his own late-night television show; Roger Ailes, the Republican campaign consultant (see 1968, January 25, 1988, and September 21 - October 4, 1988), is Limbaugh's executive producer. On this show, Limbaugh notes a recent comment of Senator Strom Thurmond (R-SC), who told a gay solder that his lifestyle was "not normal" and advised the soldier to get psychiatric help. Thurmond, who ran for president in 1948 on an explicitly racist, segregationist third-party platform and who led the "Dixiecrat" exodus of Southern racists out of the Democratic Party (see March 12, 1956 and After), is praised by Limbaugh. The commentator says of Thurmond: "He is not encumbered by trying to be politically correct. He's not encumbered by all of the—the so-called new niceties and proprieties. He just says it, and if you want to know what America used to be—and a lot of people wish it still were—then you listen to Strom Thurmond.… He got a standing ovation. Now people—people applauded that. People applaud—because—you know, Strom Thurmond can say it because he's 90 years old and people say: 'Ah, he's just an old coot. He's from the old days,' and so forth. But that's what most people think. They just don't have the guts to say it. That's why they applaud when somebody does say it that directly and that simply." [Media Matters, 10/27/2009] Ailes will go on to found Fox News (see October 7, 1996).
Entity Tags: Roger Ailes, Fox News, Strom Thurmond, Rush Limbaugh
October 1, 2007: Fact-Checking Organization Debunks Claim that Obama Attended 'Radical' Muslim 'Madrassa' in Indonesia
An anonymous chain email circulating through the Internet falsely claims that presidential candidate Barack Obama (D-IL) "was enrolled in a Wahabi school in Jakarta. Wahabism is the RADICAL teaching that is followed by the Muslim terrorists who are now waging Jihad against the western world." PolitiFact, the nonpartisan, political fact-checking organization sponsored by the St. Petersburg Times, calls the accusation intended to promote a "Manchurian Candidate-style conspiracy theory" about Obama's birth, his religion, and his citizenship. The email accurately notes that Obama's father was African and born a Muslim (see January 11, 2008). Obama's stepfather was Indonesian and raised as a Muslim. However, PolitiFact notes, both men were not religiously observant (Obama has described his father as a practicing atheist). Obama's American mother was agnostic at best. Obama has said that he grew up with virtually no religious traditions. He has been a practicing Christian for decades (see January 6-11, 2008). "Madrassa" is an Arabic word for "school," but Americans generally understand the word to mean a school where anti-Western Islamic ideology is taught. The email falsely claims that Obama attended a "madrassa" that engaged in a "RADICAL teaching that is followed by the Muslim terrorists who are now waging Jihad against the western world." PolitiFact notes: "Westerners typically understand Wahabism to be an austere form of Islam based on a literal reading of the Koran. So is that the type of school Obama attended?" Obama attended a secular public school in Indonesia; a press investigation found the school to be "so progressive that teachers wore miniskirts and all students were encouraged to celebrate Christmas." The school has never taught Wahabism or any other form of "fringe" Islam. News reports accurately indicate that Obama's school registration form lists Obama's religion as "Muslim," but the form has several other errors, and, PolitiFact notes, "it seems reasonable to assume that he was registered as Muslim simply because his stepfather was Muslim." Obama also attended a Catholic school in Indonesia for several years. PolitiFact concludes that the email is "a wholesale invention designed to frighten voters." [St. Petersburg Times, 10/1/2007]
Entity Tags: Barack Obama, PolitiFact (.org )
December 19, 2007: Claim that Obama Took Oath of Office on Koran, Not Bible, Disproven
An anonymous chain email circulates throughout the Internet claiming that newly elected President Barack Obama took the oath of office for his former position as a US senator on a Koran, the holy book of Islam, and not a Christian Bible. Obama is a Christian (see January 6-11, 2008), though many of his opponents have insisted that he is a "covert Muslim" or Islamist radical (see April 18, 2008). The email misspells the name as "Kuran," though it is either spelled Koran or Qu'ran. Two press reports from January 2005 confirm that when Obama was sworn into office as the junior senator from Illinois, he took the oath on his family Bible. The Obama presidential campaign has confirmed that Obama used his family Bible. Vice President Dick Cheney, in his role as president of the Senate, administered the oath. PolitiFact, the nonpartisan, political fact-checking organization sponsored by the St. Petersburg Times, concludes: "We suspect this false claim was inspired by the 2007 swearing-in of Representative Keith Ellison (D-MN), an American convert to Islam and the first Muslim elected to Congress. Ellison used a Koran that once belonged to Thomas Jefferson, borrowing the rare book from the Library of Congress. It goes without saying that Ellison is not Obama. And with its intent to inflame, we find the email's allegation not only false, but pants-on-fire wrong." [St. Petersburg Times, 12/19/2007]
Entity Tags: Keith Ellison, Barack Obama, PolitiFact (.org )
January 6-11, 2008: Fact-Checking Organization Debunks Claims that Obama Belongs to 'Racist' Church
The sanctuary of Trinity United Churco of Christ. [Source: Chocolate City (.cc)]PolitiFact, the nonpartisan, political fact-checking organization sponsored by the St. Petersburg Times, investigates claims that Democratic senator Barack Obama (D-IL), a presidential candidate, belongs to "a racist, anti-American church." The investigation concludes that Obama's church, Trinity United Church of Christ in Chicago, "teaches black empowerment, not racism, and that it claims Africa as its ethnic heritage." Anonymous emails "ricocheting around the Internet" claim that Obama should not be president because his church is "anti-American" and "scary," and, somewhat contradictorily, that Obama is not a Christian, but a "covert Muslim" (see December 19, 2007 and January 11, 2008). The emails began within hours of Obama's Democratic primary win in the Iowa caucuses. One email declares: "If you look at the first page of their Web site, you will learn that this congregation has a nonnegotiable commitment to Africa. No where [sic] is AMERICA even mention [sic]. Notice too, what color you need to be if you should want to join Obama's church… B-L-A-C-K!!!" PolitiFact writes: "It's the latest salvo in the email wars—anonymous missives launched into cyberspace seeking to frighten voters away from presidential candidates in the guise of friendly warnings. Typically they use kernels of truth, then launch into falsehood." Chicago historian Martin Marty, a white religious expert who has attended Trinity United services in the past, says: "There's no question this is a distortion.… Whites are highly accepted. They don't make a fuss over you, but you're very much welcomed." PolitiFact finds that Trinity United is one of the larger black "megachurches" in the US, preaches a message of black self-reliance, and has as its motto, "Unashamedly Black and Unapologetically Christian." The church does have a "nonnegotiable commitment to Africa." However, it has no racial standards for its members, and does have white and other non-black members. Obama is a member who has attended regularly for years, though with the travails of recent presidential campaigning, his attendance has fallen off in recent weeks. The main focus of the email vitriol, aside from Obama, is Trinity's senior pastor Jeremiah A. Wright Jr., who preaches passionately and focuses on what he calls "black liberation theology." Obama has written in his memoir, The Audacity of Hope, that it was Wright's preaching that inspired him to convert from a secular agnosticism to Christianity during the 1980s. He titled his memoir after one of Wright's sermons. PolitiFact finds, "Trinity's commitment to Africa appears to be more a statement of philosophical orientation than of political support for any particular African country," and notes that the church's Web site states, "Just as those of Jewish heritage advocate on behalf of the state of Israel, and those of Irish heritage advocate on behalf of Ireland, and those of Polish descent for Poland, so must we of African descent care about the land of our heritage—the continent of Africa." Divinity professor Dwight Hopkins, an African-American member of Trinity, describes the church as "highly evangelical and Bible-based." The preaching, he says, tends to be "common-sense folk wisdom laced with theological sophistication.… There's singing and shouting and people get happy. It's an old-fashioned, mainstream down-home church that somehow is captured in this 8,000-person congregation." John C. Green, a political science professor, says scholars do not view black liberation theology as racist, but some outsiders may hold that opinion. "A black empowerment theology could be seen as having a racist element because it isn't neutral in regards to race," he says. "The person who wrote this email obviously has very strong feelings about this." In February 2007, Obama said of his church and his faith: "Commitment to God, black community, commitment to the black family, the black work ethic, self-discipline, and self-respect. Those are values that the conservative movement in particular has suggested are necessary for black advancement. So I would be puzzled that they would object or quibble with the bulk of a document that basically espouses profoundly conservative values of self-reliance and self-help." In recent weeks, Obama has distanced himself somewhat from Wright and Trinity, because, his campaign says, he wishes to avoid bringing an overwhelming influx of media attention onto the church. The campaign said in a statement, "[B]ecause of the type of attention it was receiving on blogs and conservative talk shows, he decided to avoid having statements and beliefs being used out of context and forcing the entire church to defend itself." Fox News talk show host Sean Hannity has called Trinity's teachings "divisive," and engaged in what PolitiFact calls "a spirited debate" with Wright on one of his broadcasts. Conservative ethicist Michael Cromartie agrees with Hannity, saying: "It's too strong to call it racist but at the same time, it is a form of identity politics or identity theology, which insists you white people can come to this church, but you won't get it." Trinity has stated: "There is no anti-American sentiment in the theology or the practice of Trinity United Church of Christ. To be sure, there is prophetic preaching against oppression, racism, and other evils that would deny the American ideal." Green is reminded of the 1960 presidential election, when many opponents of candidate John F. Kennedy attacked Kennedy for being Catholic. "But we didn't have the Internet back then," he says. "This kind of communication has always gone on, but it moves much faster now." [St. Petersburg Times, 1/6/2008; St. Petersburg Times, 1/6/2008; St. Petersburg Times, 1/11/2008]
Entity Tags: Trinity United Church of Christ, Michael Cromartie, PolitiFact (.org ), Barack Obama, Sean Hannity, Dwight Hopkins, John C. Green, Jeremiah A. Wright Jr, Martin Marty
January 11, 2008: Fact-Checking Organization Debunks Claims that Obama a 'Covert Muslim' Whose Middle Name Is 'Mohammed'
PolitiFact, the nonpartisan, political fact-checking organization sponsored by the St. Petersburg Times, debunks Internet claims that Senator Barack Obama (D-IL), a presidential candidate, is a covert Muslim whose middle name is Mohammed. The claims appear to be sourced from anonymous emails circulating throughout right-wing blogs and organizations. PolitiFact writes: "First off, Barack Obama's middle name is not Mohammed; it's Hussein. He was named after his father, a Kenyan who came to the United States from Africa as a student." PolitiFact also verifies that Obama is not a Muslim, "covert" or otherwise. Obama is a member of the Trinity United Church of Christ in Chicago (see January 6-11, 2008). PolitiFact notes that the emails contradict themselves, on the one hand making the claim that Obama is a Muslim and on the other attacking his membership in Trinity United. Obama campaign spokesman Robert Gibbs has said, "To be clear, Senator Obama has never been a Muslim, was not raised a Muslim, and is a committed Christian who attends the United Church of Christ in Chicago." [St. Petersburg Times, 1/11/2008; St. Petersburg Times, 1/11/2008] PolitiFact does further investigation and again debunks the claims months later (see April 18, 2008). PolitiFact has already debunked earlier claims that in 2005, Obama took his Senate oath of office on a Koran, when in reality he used his family Bible (see December 19, 2007).
Entity Tags: Robert Gibbs, PolitiFact (.org ), Barack Obama, Trinity United Church of Christ
April 18, 2008: Fact-Checking Organization Again Debunks Email Claims that Obama a 'Muslim' with Ties to Islamist Radicals
A portion of Barack Obama's marriage certificate. The full-size original can be viewed online. [Source: St. Petersburg Times]PolitiFact, the nonpartisan, political fact-checking organization sponsored by the St. Petersburg Times, debunks a recent spate of claims that Senator Barack Obama (D-IL), a presidential candidate, has ties to Islamist radicals in Kenya. The claims appear to be sourced from a letter sent by American missionaries in Kenya, saying that Obama has ties to a Kenyan opposition party and warning its readers "not to be taken in by those that are promoting him." The email also claims: "By the way. His true name is Barak Hussein Muhammed Obama. Won't that sound sweet to our enemies as they swear him in on the Koran! God bless you." PolitiFact writes: "The e-mail reads like a bad game of 'telephone,' its claims drawn from assorted people and sources that have been stitched together. And yet, because it is signed by real people, who have a life in Africa, it somehow carries more credence than your average blog posting—and it's spreading rapidly." PolitiFact has debunked this claim before (see January 11, 2008), but notes that the claim continues to spread. PolitiFact posts a copy of Obama's 1992 marriage certificate, which states "Barack H. Obama" married "Michelle L. Robinson" on October 3, 1992, in a ceremony officiated by Trinity United Church of Christ pastor Jeremiah A. Wright (see January 6-11, 2008). Obama's driver's license record in Illinois identifies him as "Barack H. Obama." His property listings name him as either "Barack Hussein Obama" or "Barack H. Obama." His registration and disciplinary record with the Attorney Registration & Disciplinary Commission of the Supreme Court of Illinois notes that Obama was admitted to the Illinois bar on December 17, 1991, and has no public record of discipline. PolitiFact was unable to secure a copy of Obama's Hawaiian birth certificate (see June 13, 2008). PolitiFact has located the originator of the email, Celeste Davis. Her husband Loren Davis confirms that he cannot substantiate the claims in the email. "That was what we heard there [in Kenya]," Davis tells a PolitiFact interviewer. Davis says he and his wife have lived and worked in Kenya for the past 12 years, and says his wife's message was from a personal letter "never intended to be forwarded or sent out to the Web." [St. Petersburg Times, 4/18/2008]
Entity Tags: Jeremiah A. Wright Jr, Barack Obama, Celeste Davis, Michelle Obama, PolitiFact (.org ), Loren Davis
(June 14, 2008): Fake Email Details 'Obama Death List'
Right-wing blogs begin reprinting and recirculating an email that claims presidential candidate Barack Obama (D-IL) is somehow responsible for at least 19 mysterious deaths. Right-wing terrorism expert David Neiwert will compare the "Obama death list" to the equally spurious "Clinton death lists" that circulated throughout the two terms of the Clinton administration and still survive in some places today. The email falsely claims that the fact-checking Web site Snopes.com has validated the list. The email reads in part: "Please send this to as many people as you can, especially those who might be thinking of voting for B. Hussen Obama. We cannot have a man like this in office.… The following is a partial list of deaths of persons connected to Barack HUSSEIN Obama during his time inside the United States. Read the list and judge for yourself." The list includes a number of known and supposed Obama associates, all of whom "died mysteriously" from a variety of causes, from "suspiciously timed" heart attacks and car crashes to drug overdoses. According to the list: an author died in 2003 after supposedly "exposing" Obama as a secret "radical Muslim" (see October 1, 2007, December 19, 2007, Before October 27, 2008, January 11, 2008, Around March 19, 2008, and April 18, 2008), as did a supposed FBI informant. Another died before he could share "sensitive information about meetings Barack Obama had with arms smugglers," and that person's father died "four hours after" his son made an appearance on right-wing talk show host Michael Savage's broadcast. One woman died after filing and then dropping rape charges against Obama. A former Obama office secretary was murdered after meeting with a reporter to discuss Obama's secret connections to black militants. A "childhood classmate" of Obama's was beheaded before he could present evidence that Obama had attended a radical Islamist madrassa in Indonesia. One person, a former reverend of Trinity Baptist Church (see January 6-11, 2008), was allegedly murdered so the Reverend Jeremiah Wright could take over as head of the church; the pastor's son was also murdered before he could expose Wright as a murderer. Another person died before he could expose his homosexual love affair with Obama. Another was shot to death before she could expose Obama as a frequent client of prostitutes. Another went missing after telling friends that she was carrying Obama's "love child." Bloggers for the progressive Sadly No site say they have tried and failed to authenticate most of the "deaths" of the people on the list, including author Sarah Berkley, whose alleged book The Jihad at the Ballot Box does not seem to exist. [My Right Wing Dad, 7/15/2008; Sadly No, 7/26/2008; David Neiwert, 7/28/2008] One blogger later finds that one person on the list, who supposedly died because of sinister Obama machinations in 2003, also supposedly died in 1994 from equally sinister Clinton machinations. [Civilization Fanatics, 7/26/2008]
Entity Tags: Michael Savage, William Jefferson ("Bill") Clinton, Barack Obama, David Neiwert, Jeremiah A. Wright Jr
October 10-11, 2008: McCain Booed by Supporters for Denying Obama an 'Arab' 'Terrorist'
Presidential candidate John McCain takes the microphone from a woman who says opponent Barack Obama is 'an Arab.' [Source: Associated Press / Truthdig (.com)]Senator John McCain (R-AZ), the Republican candidate for president, draws boos and catcalls from his own supporters when he defends opponent Barack Obama (D-IL) from charges that he is an Arab. Obama has been accused of being Arabic, Muslim, and not a US citizen by opponents (see October 1, 2007, April 18, 2008, July 20, 2008, August 15, 2008, and October 8-10, 2008). At a town hall in Minnesota, McCain takes questions from selected members of the audience; in recent days, spurred by accusations from McCain and his running mate, Governor Sarah Palin (R-AK), that Obama is a close ally of "terrorist" William Ayers (see October 4-5, 2008), McCain rallies have been marked by screams and cries of "Terrorist!" and "Traitor!" hurled against Obama. According to McClatchy reporters, at a rally in New Mexico earlier in the week, McCain "visibly winced" when he heard one supporter call Obama a "terrorist," but said nothing in response. In today's town hall, supporters pressure McCain to attack Obama even more fiercely. Instead, when one supporter tells McCain he fears the prospect of raising his young son in a nation led by Obama, McCain replies, "I have to tell you, he is a decent person and a person that you do not have to be scared of as president of the United States." The comment draws boos and groans from the crowd. McCain continues: "If you want a fight, we will fight. But we will be respectful. I admire Senator Obama and his accomplishments.… I don't mean that has to reduce your ferocity, I just mean to say you have to be respectful." Later in the town hall, an elderly woman tells McCain: "I don't trust Obama.… He's an Arab." McCain shakes his head during her comment, then takes the microphone from her and says: "No, ma'am. He's a decent, family man, a citizen that I just happen to have disagreements with." Obama and his supporters have acknowledged that the rhetoric in the final weeks of the campaign is likely to get even more heated. He tells crowds in Ohio, "We know what's coming, we know what they're going to do." In recent rallies, McCain has stepped back from the more heated rhetoric, refusing to talk about Ayers and instead calling Obama a "Chicago politician." Palin, however, has continued the attacks on Obama via the Ayers association. Recent McCain-Palin television ads asking, "Who is the real Barack Obama?" have been taken by some as insinuating that Obama may be a Muslim. Obama has been a practicing Christian for decades (see January 6-11, 2008). Former Governor William Milliken (R-MI) has said, "I'm disappointed in the tenor and the personal attacks on the part of the McCain campaign." [McClatchy, 10/10/2008; Los Angeles Times, 10/11/2008] The next day, Obama thanks McCain. "I want to acknowledge that Senator McCain tried to tone down the rhetoric yesterday, and I appreciated his reminder that we can disagree while still being respectful of each other," he tells a crowd in Philadelphia. Referencing McCain's military service, he says McCain "has served this country with honor and he deserves our thanks for that." He then returns to his standard campaign broadsides against McCain's economic proposals. [Wall Street Journal, 10/11/2008]
Entity Tags: William Ayers, Sarah Palin, William Milliken, Barack Obama, John McCain
October 28-30, 2008: Conservative Lobbying Group Releases Anti-Obama DVD in Five 'Swing States'
Cover illustration of the 'Hype' DVD. [Source: Amazon (.com)]The conservative lobbying group Citizens United (CU) distributes hundreds of thousands of DVDs in newspapers throughout Ohio, Florida, and Nevada, all considered "swing states" in the upcoming presidential election. The DVDs contain a "documentary" entitled Hype: The Obama Effect and are characterized by CU as "truthful attack[s]" on Senator Barack Obama (D-IL). Previous advertisements for the film said the film portrays Obama as an "overhyped media darling," and quoted conservative pundit Tucker Carlson as saying: "The press loves Obama. I mean not just love, but sort of like an early teenage crush." The DVD distribution takes place just days before the November 4 election. CU says it is spending over a million dollars to distribute around 1.25 million DVDs, which are included with delivery and store-bought copies of five newspapers: the Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch, the Cincinnati Enquirer, the Cleveland Plain Dealer, the Palm Beach (Florida) Post, and the Las Vegas Review-Journal. The film attacks Obama's record on abortion rights, foreign policy, and what the Associated Press calls his "past relationships" with, among others, his former pastor, Reverend Jeremiah Wright (see January 6-11, 2008). The DVD also attempts to tie Obama to political corruption in Illinois, and lambasts the news media for what CU calls its preferential treatment of Obama. CU president David Bossie says: "We think it's a truthful attack. People can take it any way they want." Bossie was fired from his position on a Republican House member's staff in 1998 for releasing fraudulently edited transcripts of a former Clinton administration official to falsely imply that then-First Lady Hillary Clinton had committed crimes (see May 1998). Among those interviewed about Obama for the film are conservative columnist Robert Novak, conservative pundit Dick Morris, former Ohio Secretary of State Ken Blackwell, former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee, former Senator Rick Santorum (R-PA), and author and pundit Jerome Corsi, whom the AP terms a "discredited critic" of Obama. Obama campaign spokesman Isaac Baker calls the DVD "slash and burn politics," and says the DVD is another tactic of the presidential campaign of John McCain (R-AZ) to "smear" Obama with "dishonest, debunked attacks from the fringes of the far right." [New York Times, 7/22/2008; Associated Press, 10/28/2008; Media Matters, 10/29/2008]
Newspaper Official Defends Decision to Include DVD - Palm Beach Post general manager Charles Gerardi says of his paper's decision to include the DVD in its Friday distribution: "Citizens United has every right to place this message as a paid advertisement, and our readers have every right to see it, even if they don't agree with it. That we accepted it as a paid advertisement in no way implies that this newspaper agrees or disagrees with its message." [Palm Beach Post, 10/31/2008]
Falsehoods, Misrepresentations, and Lies - Within days, the liberal media watchdog organization Media Matters finds that the DVD is riddled with errors, misrepresentations, and lies.
Claim that Obama 'Threw' Illinois State Senate Election - On the DVD, author David Freddoso claims that in 1998, Obama managed to "thr[o]w all of his opponents off the ballot" to win an election to the Illinois State Senate, a claim that has been disproved.
Claim that Obama Refuses to Work with Republicans - Freddoso also asserts that there are no instances of Obama's stints in the Illinois State Senate nor the US Senate where he was willing to work with Republicans on legislation, an assertion that Freddoso himself inadvertently disproves by citing several instances of legislation Obama joined with Republicans to pass.
Claim that Obama Wants to Raise Taxes on Middle Class and Small Business - The DVD's narrator misrepresents Obama's campaign statements to falsely claim that Obama has promised to "irrevocabl[y]" raise taxes on citizens making over $100,000 to fund Social Security; the reality is that Obama's proposed tax increase would affect citizens making $250,000 or more. The DVD narrator makes similarly false claims about Obama's stance on raising the capital gains tax, and on raising taxes on small business owners. Conservative radio host Armstrong Williams tells viewers that Obama will raise taxes on small businesses that employ only a few workers, when in fact Obama has repeatedly proposed cutting taxes on most small businesses. Huckabee makes similar claims later in the DVD.
Claim that Obama Supports Immigration 'Amnesty' - The narrator misrepresents Obama's stance on immigration reform as "amnesty for the 12 to 20 million people who violated US immigration law," a position that Obama's "Plan for Immigration" rejects.
Claim that Obama Wants 'Centralized Government' Health Care - Blackwell, now a contributing editor for the conservative publication TownHall, falsely claims that Obama wants to implement what he calls "a centralized government program that hasn't worked in Canada, hasn't worked in England, that has actually taken the freedom from the consumer and limited the choices." Organizations such as PolitiFact and the New York Times have called claims that Obama supports government-run "single payer" health care false.
Claim that Obama Refused to Protect Lives of Infants - Conservative columnist and anti-abortion activist Jill Stanek claims that Obama opposed legislation that would have protected the lives of babies "born alive" during botched abortion efforts, when in fact no such legislation was ever proposed—the law already protects babies in such circumstances—and the Illinois Department of Public Health has said no such case exists in its records. (Stanek has claimed that she has witnessed such incidents during her time as an Illinois hospital worker.) Stanek has said that she believes domestic violence against women who have had abortions is acceptable, claimed that Chinese people eat aborted fetuses as "much sought after delicacies," and claimed that Obama "supports infanticide."
Claim that Obama Supported Attack on Petraeus - The DVD narrator claims that as a US senator, Obama refused to vote for a bill that condemned an attack by liberal grassroots activist organization MoveOn.org on General David Petraeus. In reality, Obama did vote to support an amendment that condemned the MoveOn advertisement.
Claim that Obama Supported Award for Farrakhan - The DVD narrator claims that Obama has aligned himself with the controversial head of the Nation of Islam, Louis Farrakhan, and cites the 2007 decision by Obama's then-church, Chicago's Trinity United Church of Christ, to award a lifetime achievement award to Farrakhan. In reality, Obama denounced Farrakhan's anti-Semitism, and stated that he did not agree with the Trinity decision to give Farrakhan the award.
Claim of Suspiciously Preferential Loan Rate - The DVD narrator claims that Obama received a suspiciously "preferential rate on his super-jumbo loan for the purchase" of a "mansion" in Hyde Park, Illinois, from Northern Trust, an Illinois bank. A Washington Post reporter did make such a claim in a report, but subsequent investigation by Politico and the Columbia Journalism Review showed that the rate Obama received on the loan was consistent with other loans Northern Trust made at the time and not significantly below the average loan rate.
'Citizen of the World' - Corsi claims that Obama does not consider himself an American, but a "citizen of the world." Media Matters has found numerous instances where Obama proclaims himself a proud American as well as "a fellow citizen of the world." In 1982, Media Matters notes, then-President Reagan addressed the United Nations General Assembly by saying, "I speak today as both a citizen of the United States and of the world." Media Matters notes that Corsi's anti-Obama book Obama Nation was widely and thoroughly debunked (see August 1, 2008 and After), and since its publication, Corsi has made a number of inflammatory and false accusations about Obama and his family (see August 15, 2008, August 16, 2008, September 7, 2008, October 8, 2008, October 9, 2008, July 21, 2009, and September 21, 2010). [Media Matters, 10/30/2008]
Entity Tags: Citizens United, PolitiFact (.org ), Palm Beach Post, Charles Gerardi, MoveOn (.org), Mike Huckabee, Politico, Rick Santorum, Cincinnati Enquirer, Trinity United Church of Christ, Armstrong Williams, Associated Press, Barack Obama, Washington Post, Tucker Carlson, Media Matters, Louis Farrakhan, Robert Novak, John McCain, David Bossie, Las Vegas Review-Journal, David Freddoso, Columbus Dispatch, Clinton administration, Cleveland Plain Dealer, Columbia Journalism Review, David Petraeus, New York Times, Hillary Clinton, Isaac Baker, J. Kenneth Blackwell, Jeremiah A. Wright Jr, Dick Morris, Jill Stanek, Jerome Corsi, Illinois Department of Public Health
April 29, 2009: Conservative Activist Asserts Obama a 'Closet Muslim'
Conservative columnist and political activist Jonathan Moseley writes an article for his blog US News and Views that asserts President Obama is, and always has been, a "closet Muslim." This assertion has been made numerous times by conservative opponents of Obama, and has been thoroughly debunked (see October 1, 2007, December 19, 2007, Before October 27, 2008, January 11, 2008, Around March 19, 2008, and April 18, 2008). Moseley accuses the national news media of "acting as the palace guard for 'Dear Leader' Barack Obama" and refusing to report what he calls "the truth" of Obama's "secret Muslim" beliefs. Apparently, Moseley's primary evidence is a February 2007 interview with New York Times columnist Nicholas Kristof, where Obama recited the Muslim call to prayer and called it "one of the prettiest sounds on earth at sunset." Moseley calls the Muslim call to prayer "screeching," and says no one who listened to it would believe it to be beautiful "without enormous indoctrination into Islam." Obama says he learned the call to prayer as a child, when he attended school in Indonesia. According to Moseley, the recitation of the call to prayer "makes one a Muslim. The words express a Muslim's complete acceptance of, and total commitment to, the message of Islam.… Having attended Islamic religion classes, Obama knows this." Moseley also cites as "evidence" a false claim that in April 2009, Obama demanded that "Georgetown University cover up the name of Jesus in a campus hall before" he would give a speech there. And, he says, at a recent economic summit, Obama "bowed reverently to Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah," but did not bow to Queen Elizabeth of England; Mosely writes that "a Muslim would instinctively give reverence to" the king of Saudi Arabia, but would not bow to the Queen of England, who, he writes, "is technically the head of the Church of England. Obama did not bow to the royal queen who is guardian of the world's first and oldest Protestant Christian Church." Moseley incorrectly calls Queen Elizabeth a "head of state" equal to the king of Saudi Arabia; in reality, Elizabeth is queen in title only, with the real head of the British government being the prime minister. Moseley states falsely that Obama "was raised as a Muslim," citing the fact that his biological father was Muslim as well as his stepfather Lolo Soetoro (see October 28, 2008), and falsely states that Obama's stepfather enrolled him in school under the name "Barry Soetoro" (see June 27, 2008, August 21-24, 2008, and Shortly Before June 28, 2010). Moseley even claims: "Since Obama changed his name back from Barry Sotero [an alternate spelling of 'Soetoro'], he could have legally removed [his middle name] 'Hussein' in the process had he wished to. He did not." This, Moseley claims, is further proof of Obama's Muslim status. Moseley says that Obama has been masquerading as a Christian for over 20 years, ever since his "profess[ed]" conversion to Christianity at Trinity United Church of Christ in Chicago (see January 6-11, 2008), but dismisses Trinity United as "little more than a left-wing political club" and not a real church. And, Moseley says, Obama incorrectly claimed he had been to "57 states" on the presidential campaign trail, and cites this as evidence of Obama's "closet Muslim" status, noting that there are 57 "states" in the Organization of Islamic Conference. "So the number of Islamic OIC states appears to have sprung more readily to Obama's mind than the 50 states of the USA," he writes. [Jonathan Moseley, 4/29/2009; The British Monarchy, 2011] Obama said after that statement that he had misstated both the number of states and the number of victims of a cyclone in Myanmar in that speech, and blamed fatigue for his misstatement; there are also less than 57 members in the OIC. [Snopes (.com), 7/1/2009] Moseley will later become a senior campaign aide to Christine O'Donnell (R-DE) in her unsuccessful bid for the Senate (see September 13, 2010); O'Donnell's campaign will assert that Obama is a Muslim, and both O'Donnell and Moseley will assert that Obama, like other Democrats, is a secret Communist. [Mother Jones, 9/20/2010]
Entity Tags: Trinity United Church of Christ, Barack Obama, Christine O'Donnell, Jonathan Moseley
October 14, 2010: Connecticut Attorney General Candidate Says States, Not Federal Government, Ultimate Arbiter of Law, Rejects Supreme Court as Final Constitutional Arbiter
Martha Dean. [Source: Connecticut Political Reporter]Connecticut attorney general candidate Martha Dean, a Republican lawyer, says state governments should be able to ignore federal laws if their lawmakers so choose, even if the US Supreme Court rules the laws constitutional. In some instances, "the Supreme Court is just wrong, so what option does the state have?" Dean says. "They have the option of nullification." "Nullification" is the idea that the Tenth Amendment gives the states the power to "nullify," or override, federal law. [The Day, 10/14/2010] The concept gained national notoriety in 1830, when Vice President John C. Calhoun set off the so-called "Nullification Crisis" that almost led to an armed conflict between South Carolina and the rest of the nation, and helped set the stage for the Civil War 30 years later. It came to the fore again in 1956, when segregationists attempted to use the concept to persuade state leaders to ignore the Supreme Court decision, Brown v. Board of Education, that mandated the desegregation of public schools (see March 12, 1956 and After); Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus attempted to invoke "nullification" when he resisted orders to integrate Little Rock public schools, an effort that was shut down by unanimous rulings of the Court. Article 6 of the Constitution states that acts of Congress "shall be the supreme law of the land… anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding." Founding father James Madison argued that nullification would "speedily put an end to the Union itself" by allowing federal laws to be freely ignored by states. [Constitution (.org), 8/28/1830; Think Progress, 9/27/2010; The Day, 10/14/2010] Dean says the doctrine of "nullification" is valid and viable, saying: "This is a tool that has existed. It is a tool that isn't often used. It isn't often needed." She says that when state officials such as herself, or elected governors or lawmakers, feel the federal government's laws surpass Tenth Amendment limitations, then Connecticut and other states should nullify those laws. Dean says her position is controversial only to "the left." However, the idea has been used for centuries by anti-government activists, most memorably during the run-up to the Civil War and the battle over civil rights for African-Americans in the 1950s and 1960s. Law professor Richard Kay says the idea is entirely invalid. "This was a very plausible argument up until 1865," Kay says. "But after the Civil War, what was a genuine argument about the nature of the American constitutional system was pretty decisively decided. Since 1865 it's pretty much a settled matter, with some rare fringe arguments to the contrary. The question of who has the ultimate authority to interpret the Constitution was settled" in favor of the US Supreme Court. The idea that the Constitution is not an ultimately binding authoritative document, but merely an agreement between autonomous states—the core of "nullification"—has always been "very controversial," Kay notes, and has been rejected by the Supreme Court since 1819. Dean states that the Court's decisions have been twisted by "liberal law professors," and rejects the idea that the US Supreme Court is the ultimate arbiter of constitutionality. Her opponent, Democrat George Jepsen, says her idea would lead to chaos. If states can simply refuse to abide by the rulings of the Supreme Court, federal statutes themselves would become unenforceable, he says, and there would be nothing to stop states from seceding altogether. "The point is that we have one Constitution and there needs to be one place that defines what that Constitution means," Jepsen says. "Under nullification, any state legislature, any state governor could declare that a law is unconstitutional. That would send us onto a course where there would be 50 different unique interpretations of a federal statute. We would cease to be a united nation." Jepsen calls Dean's views "extreme." Dean contends that the idea would not necessarily threaten the Union, and says, "It's been worked out in the past." She goes on to say that "I don't think desegregation was really controversial aside from a few states in the South." Kay says Dean's views were quite mainstream in 1842, but not since then. [The Day, 10/14/2010] After being challenged by a constitutional scholar, Dean cites the work of a neo-Confederate segregationist as further support of her position (see October 14, 2010). Jepsen will defeat Dean in the general election, beating back an election-eve attempt by her to challenge his credentials to serve as attorney general. [Hartford Courant, 11/3/2010]
Entity Tags: John C. Calhoun, Martha Dean, Orval Faubus, George Jepsen, Richard Kay, US Supreme Court
March 23, 2011: Republican Representative Says States Can Ignore Constitution, 'Nullify' Federal Laws
"Homeschool Day" in Des Moines, Iowa, sponsored by the Network of Iowa Christian Home Educators, features a number of Republican luminaries such as Governor Terry Bransted (R-IA), Representatives Michele Bachmann (R-MN), Ron Paul (R-TX), and Steve King (R-IA), and former Godfathers Pizza CEO and 2012 presidential candidate Herman Cain. During the festivities, Paul, an outspoken libertarian considered by many the "father" of the tea party movement, claims that the individual states can ignore or override federal laws—a tenet called "nullification." The idea is centered in a unique interpretation of the Tenth Amendment that, when pursued to the extent that "nullifiers" or "tenthers" take it, essentially overrides the other aspects of the US Constitution in favor of states' rights. The concept gained national notoriety in 1830, when Vice President John C. Calhoun set off the so-called "Nullification Crisis" that almost led to an armed conflict between South Carolina and the rest of the nation. It came to the fore again in 1956, when segregationists attempted to use the concept to persuade state leaders to ignore the Supreme Court decision, Brown v. Board of Education, that mandated the desegregation of public schools (see March 12, 1956 and After). In recent years, it has gained popularity among some tea party-backed candidates (see October 14, 2010) and tea party pundits. Paul tells the assemblage that "in principle, nullification is proper and moral and constitutional." He says: "The chances of us getting things changed around soon through the legislative process is not all that good. And that is why I am a strong endorser of the nullification movement, that states like this should just nullify these laws. And in principle, nullification is proper and moral and constitutional, which I believe it is, there is no reason in the world why this country can't look at the process of, say, not only should we not belong to the United Nations, the United Nations comes down hard on us, telling us what we should do to our families and family values, education and medical care and gun rights and environmentalism. Let's nullify what the UN tries to tell us to do as well." Article 6 of the Constitution states that acts of Congress "shall be the supreme law of the land… anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding." Founding father James Madison argued that nullification would "speedily put an end to the Union itself" by allowing federal laws to be freely ignored by states. Think Progress legal expert Ian Millhiser notes that nullification is not just unconstitutional, it is "nothing less than a plan to remove the word 'United' from the United States of America." [Constitution (.org), 8/28/1830; Think Progress, 9/27/2010; Homeschooliowa (.org), 3/23/2011; Think Progress, 3/29/2011]
Entity Tags: Terry Bransted, James Madison, Ian Millhiser, Herman Cain, John C. Calhoun, Michele Bachmann, Network of Iowa Christian Home Educators, Steve King, United Nations, Ron Paul
Timeline Tags: Civil Liberties, Domestic Propaganda
April 24-25, 2011: Evangelist Supports Trump, Questions Obama's Birth Certificate
Appearing on ABC's Sunday morning talk show This Week, in an interview taped ahead of time but broadcast on Easter morning, Christian evangelist Franklin Graham gives his blessing to billionaire presidential candidate Donald Trump's rumored presidential aspirations, saying: "When I first saw that he was getting in, I thought, 'Well, this has got to be a joke.' But the more you listen to him, the more you say to yourself: 'You know? Maybe the guy's right.'" Graham says he agrees with Trump's allegations that President Obama may not be an American citizen. The Charlotte Observer notes, "There was no discussion of how Graham, a conservative Christian, could support a thrice-married owner of gambling casinos." Graham has said in recent years that Obama was "born a Muslim" and Islam is a "wicked" religion. On This Week, he questions Obama's Christianity (see January 6-11, 2008) and refuses to say that Obama's birth certificate is valid (see June 13, 2008, June 27, 2008, August 21, 2008, and October 30, 2008). "The president… has some issues to deal with here," he says. "He can solve this whole birth certificate issue pretty quickly (see July 1, 2009). I was born in a hospital in Asheville, North Carolina, and I know that my records are there. You can probably even go and find out what room my mother was in when I was born. I don't know why he can't produce that.… It's an issue that looks like he could answer pretty quickly." In a subsequent interview for Christianity Today, Graham backs away from his previous claims that Obama is a Muslim, saying: "I do not believe for an instant that Obama is a Muslim. He has said he's not a Muslim. I take him at his word. People say he's not born in the United States. I take it on the word that they properly vetted him before they swore him into office. I'm sure somebody had to look at his credentials. I'm not saying the president is a Muslim, never said he's a Muslim. He says he's a Christian.… I've never said that Obama was born a Muslim." However, he notes, "All throughout the Muslim world, every person whose father is a Muslim is recognized under Islamic law as a Muslim." Obama's father was a nonpracticing Muslim. [Charlotte Observer, 4/25/2011; Christianity Today, 4/26/2011] The Charlotte Observer publishes an op-ed in response to Graham's claims that accuses him of "spouting… nonsense" about Obama's birth certificate and "join[ing] Trump in fostering the bizarre and false birther allegations." [Charlotte Observer, 4/26/2011] In 2010, Graham told a CNN reporter that Obama's "problem" was that he was "born a Muslim" (see August 19, 2010).
Entity Tags: Donald Trump, Barack Obama, Charlotte Observer, Franklin Graham
April 27, 2011: African-American Church Receives Death Threats, Racial Slurs after Obama Visit, Media Attack
The Washington Times illustrates its column asking if Obama is a 'black nationalist' with this graphic of the Presidential Seal using the Black Panther raised fist and color scheme. [Source: Washington Times]The Washington Post reports that Shiloh Baptist Church, a well-known house of worship in Washington, DC, has received over 100 death threats after President Obama and his family visited it for Easter on April 24, and after Fox News host Sean Hannity, reporting on Obama's Easter visit to the church, aired a video clip of Shiloh's Reverend Wallace Charles Smith giving a speech in January 2010 in which he said some people espousing racial prejudice do so "under the protective cover of talk radio." Smith tells a Post reporter: "We received a fax that had the image of a monkey with a target across i[t]s face. My secretary has received telephone calls that have been so vulgar until she has had to hang up." Smith shares some of the emails he has received with the reporter, and says that he has not yet notified authorities. He is consulting with church leaders about what steps to take. The church was founded in the 1860s by former slaves. Hannity aired the clip on April 25, one day after Obama's Easter visit. In the videotape, Smith said: "It may not be Jim Crow anymore. Now, Jim Crow wears blue pinstripes, goes to law school, and carries fancy briefs in cases. And now, Jim Crow has become James Crow, esquire. And he doesn't have to wear white robes anymore [a reference to the Ku Klux Klan] because now he can wear the protective cover of talk radio or can get a regular news program on Fox." Smith tells the Post reporter that he had been asked to give a speech on racism and that he "was giving some background on what I thought were some of the issues regarding race in this country." Hannity compared Smith's speech to remarks by Obama's former Chicago pastor, the Reverend Jeremiah Wright (see January 6-11, 2008), whom Obama repudiated after learning that Wright had said the 9/11 attacks were "America's chickens… coming home to roost." Hannity told listeners: "Wright's contentious sermons hit the airwaves and forced Obama eventually to denounce his spiritual leader of more than 20 years. Now, here's the twist: Dr. Wallace Charles Smith doesn't think that there's anything wrong with what Jeremiah Wright preached. I don't believe that it is a coincidence out of all the churches in the country that Obama finds himself sitting in, why is he always in pews listening to such controversial spiritual leaders?" Hannity says he asked Smith to comment on his broadcast and offered Smith a slot on his show, but Smith refused. "We played his own words in full context but now it's time for him to explain," Hannity says. [Washington Post, 4/27/2011] The day after Easter, Fox Nation, the blog of Fox News, falsely claimed that Obama was the first president to attend services at Shiloh Baptist and extended the attack on Smith's "shocking" sermons. [Fox Nation, 4/25/2011] Days before Easter, the Post, announcing Obama's choice to attend Shiloh for the morning's service, noted, "The church has hosted other presidents, including Ronald Reagan and Bill Clinton." An April 27 article adds that President George H.W. Bush also attended services there. [Washington Post, 4/22/2011; Washington Post, 4/27/2011] Washington Times columnist Jeffrey T. Kuhner echoes the same questions that Hannity raises, asking if Obama is "a black nationalist" and calling Smith "a race-baiting black nationalist" who is "a more polished version" of Wright. "Mr. Smith lacks the bombast of Mr. Wright but peddles the same philosophy of racialism, grievance-mongering, and black victimology," Kuhner claims, and cites a recent sermon by Smith decrying institutionalized racism as "evidence" before claiming that segregation and racism no longer exist to any real extent in the nation. Kuhner says that Smith, and by extension Obama, equate conservatives with racists who want to "perpetuate a watered-down form of apartheid." Kuhner then claims that conservatives, not progressives and liberals, are historical champions of civil rights (see March 12, 1956 and After), and attacks affirmative action programs as perpetuating racism. [Washington Times, 4/27/2011]
Entity Tags: Fox Nation, Fox News, Jeffrey T. Kuhner, Shiloh Baptist Church, Barack Obama, Jeremiah A. Wright Jr, Sean Hannity, Wallace Charles Smith, Washington Post
April 28, 2011: Conservative Radio Host: Obama's Release of 'Long Form' Birth Certificate 'Proves' 2012 Re-Election Campaign Will 'Run on Race'
Conservative radio host Laura Ingraham tells her listeners that President Obama's decision to present his "long form" birth certificate as proof of his US citizenship (see April 27, 2011) proves his 2012 re-election campaign will hinge on race. After playing a montage of audio clips from commentators accusing Obama of racism, or saying that his campaign will focus on race, she tells her audience: "It's official. The Obama campaign is going to run on race. No? They might not say that, but let there be no misunderstanding of where this is going. This is going right to the heart of liberalism. Liberals see people, not as individuals who are capable of anything if given the opportunity, and freed up and loosened from the bonds of government regulation and bureaucratic restraints. No. They see people as a certain color, or a certain gender, or a certain sexual orientation. They have to be put in these boxes. The favorites boxes of the bean counters. Liberals have always looked at people that way. The truth about race, and this president, is not a pretty truth.… The truth about this administration and race goes right to the core of what liberalism has done to the black family, to minorities in general. The great diversion of liberalists has always been to drop the charges of racism, the spurious and the negative and the perjorative charges of racism [against conservatives], every time they are proven to be incorrect and the way they approach a problem" (see September 4, 1949, and After, March 12, 1956 and After, 1969-1971, 1978-1996, 1980, 1981, March 15, 1982, 1983, June-September 1988, 1990, September 1995, August 16, 1998, March 1-2, 2001, August 29, 2001, March 15, 2002, July 15, 2002, August 2002, September 26, 2002 and After, August 5, 2003, September 28 - October 2, 2003, May 17, 2004, May 18, 2004, October 9-13, 2004, November 15, 2004, November 26, 2004, December 5-8, 2004, December 8, 2004, May 10, 2005, September 28-October 1, 2005, September 30 - October 1, 2005, September 30, 2005, 2006, March 29, 2006, December 2006, January 19, 2007 and After, January 24, 2007, April 2007, April 2, 2007, July 22, 2007, August 21, 2007, September 22, 2008, October 8-10, 2008, October 24, 2008, January 6-11, 2008, November 10, 2008, January 25, 2008, January 31, 2008, February 1, 2008, February 28, 2008, May 19, 2008, June 2, 2008, June 6, 2008, June 26, 2008, August 1, 2008 and After, August 4, 2008, August 4, 2008, August 19, 2008, August 25, 2008, October 7, 2008, October 20, 2008, October 22, 2008, October 28, 2008, November 18, 2008, January 18, 2009, February 24-26, 2009, March 3, 2009, April 7-8, 2009, May 26, 2009, May 26, 2009, May 27, 2009, May 27-29, 2009, May 28, 2009, May 29, 2009, May 31, 2009, June 2, 2009, June 5, 2009, June 7, 2009, June 12, 2009, June 20, 2009, June 25, 2009, July 8, 2009, July 16, 2009, July 21, 2009, July 23, 2009, July 23, 2009, July 27, 2009, July 28, 2009, July 28-29, 2009, August 8, 2009, August 12, 2009, August 19, 2009, September 2009, September 14, 2009, October 13, 2009, February 25, 2010, March 20, 2010, July 14, 2010, July 15, 2010, September 11, 2010, September 12, 2010, September 12, 2010 and After, September 15, 2010, September 18, 2010, September 21, 2010, September 24, 2010, October 22-23, 2010, November 9, 2010, November 12, 2010, December 22, 2010, January 14, 2011, February 20, 2011, March 2011, March 19-24, 2011, April 1, 2011, April 5, 2011, April 14-15, 2011, April 15, 2011, April 22, 2011, April 26, 2011, April 26, 2011, April 26, 2011, April 26, 2011, April 26, 2011, April 27, 2011, April 27, 2011, April 27, 2011, April 27, 2011, April 27, 2011, April 27, 2011, and April 28, 2011). Liberals, Ingraham says, rely on racial politics, divisiveness, and "class warfare" to succeed in the political arena. "[I]n the end," she says, "it's kind of all they have, that and abortion." She derides people "on the left" for attacking billionaire television host and enthusiastic "birther" Donald Trump for being racist (see April 14-15, 2011, April 26, 2011, April 27, 2011, April 27, 2011, and April 28, 2011). Any such charges, she says, are ridiculous. But those charges will be used by anyone who criticizes Trump for his challenge to Obama's citizenship, she predicts, and cites Trump's recent exhortation for Obama to "get off the basketball court" and focus on national issues as an example of an unfair charge of racism (see April 27, 2011). "And the very thing the left always starts to accuse the right of is what they are most guilty of," she says. [Media Matters, 4/28/2011] Ingraham has had her own issues with racism and gender (see 1984, April 1997, and July 17, 2009).
Entity Tags: Barack Obama, Laura Ingraham, Donald Trump
December 21, 2011: Paul Walks out of Interview When Questioned about Racist, Anti-Semitic Newsletters
Ron Paul (r) removes his mic as CNN reporter Gloria Borger looks on. [Source: CNN / The Blaze]Republican presidential contender Ron Paul (R-TX) again denies any involvement in the racist, anti-Semitic, and homophobic content printed in his newsletters for 16 years (see 1978-1996). CNN anchor Sanjay Gupta describes Paul as "kind of prickly" over the accusations of racism in the newsletters, and notes that "his story appears to have changed over the years." In 1996, Paul admitted writing much of the newsletters' content, admitted to the positions taken in the newsletters, and called questions about his newsletters "gutter politics" (see May 22 - October 11, 1996). He began denying their content, and his involvement in his newsletters, in 2001 (see October 1, 2001). In 2007 and 2008, he freely admitted supporting the implicitly racist John Birch Society (JBS—see July 22, 2007, August 4, 2008 and December 2011). He denied knowing anything about the newsletters' objectionable content in 2008 (see January 8-15, 2008 and January 16, 2008) when the questions arose during that year's presidential contests; Paul supporters accused rival libertarians of smearing Paul's character (see January 12-15, 2008). In May 2011, Paul was one of five Republican presidential candidates to take part in a debate sponsored in part by the JBS and a racist militia group (see May 5, 2011). Today, Paul walks out of an interview with CNN reporter Gloria Borger rather than continue to answer her questions about his newsletters. He tells Borger that he read the newsletters published under his name "on occasion," and implies that he was too busy with his medical practice to pay close attention to the newsletters. "You know, I didn't write them and I don't endorse those views and I've explained it many times," he tells Borger. "I never read that stuff. I never—I would never—I came—I was probably aware of it 10 years after it was written, and it's been going on 20 years that people have pestered me about this, and CNN does every single time. So when are you going to wear yourself out?" Paul says even asking about the newsletters is not legitimate, and instead the media should just accept his denials and move on. Borger says such questioning is legitimate because "[t]hese things are pretty incendiary, you know." Paul retorts, "Because of people like you." When Borger presses the issue, Paul walks away and refuses to answer further questions. Conservative blogger Erick Erickson of RedState (.com), who is not a Paul supporter, asks Gupta why in 2008 Paul "allowed neo-Nazi Web sites to fundraise for him. We can ask him why three years ago he went on Iranian TV to say that Israelis had set up concentration camps to indiscriminately kill Palestinians.… But I think a more relevant question is, if we can't go back and ask him these questions from the late '80s and early '90s, why then he—can he go back to the '90s and attack [fellow Republican presidential candidates] Newt Gingrich or Mitt Romney or Rick Perry for things? They wrote it. Does he believe this is a legitimate double standard?… Ron Paul supporters frequently attacked Barack Obama for sitting in Reverend Jeremiah Wright's church (see January 6-11, 2008) and Barack Obama has denied ever hearing Jeremiah Wright's sermons. How is Ron Paul's denial of knowing these things any different from going after Barack Obama for the Reverend Wright matter? There is none. They can't defend that." [CNN, 12/21/2011] Note: Erickson is referring to a specific sermon of Wright's, where he denounced what he called America's "white arrogance." Obama did not hear the sermon because he was not in Illinois at the time (see August 1, 2008 and After).
Entity Tags: Willard Mitt Romney, Ron Paul, Sanjay Gupta, James Richard ("Rick") Perry, Erick Erickson, CNN, Barack Obama, Gloria Borger, John Birch Society, Jeremiah A. Wright Jr, Newt Gingrich


And then there are all the theme variations: seasonal, fresh, quick and tasty. Like this , to die for!
Butter and sugar a cake tin.
Wash and halve the peaches, throwing away the stone, and lay them in the tin, cut part face down.
Sprinkle with a little bit more sugar and butter.
Cover it with puff pastry, tightly folding the edges down the side of the tin. Sprinkle with a little sugar.
Let it wait for 5 minutes outside the oven, then flip it on a big plate. Be careful: the peaches's liquid could spill. Do not worry of excessive liquid: it's yummy!


How to Roast Grapes: Sweet & Simple Roasted Grapes Recipe!
Grapes are one of the sweetest and tastiest fruits because of their high natural sugar content, which makes them extra delicious when they're dried into raisins. But, did you know you can also make scrumptiously sweet ROASTED grapes?!
Just add your grapes to a sheet pan, toss with oil and seasonings, and roast until beautifully blistered and caramelized. All of those natural sugars get even sweeter after roasting, and the inside of each grape is like a warm, juicy jam! But, they're just as yummy enjoyed cold for an easy healthy snack you can take on-the-go.
Personally, I like to use a bit of salt and cinnamon to season my roasted grapes. But, you can use savory seasonings as well, like balsamic vinegar, fresh thyme, or whatever you like! It's a simple and fun recipe to switch up your healthy snacking.
NOTE: Make sure to use red grapes for roasting—NOT green! Because green grapes generally contain more water than red grapes, they become very wet and soggy after roasting.
Naturally sweet and with a crisp bite of juicy goodness—it's hard to find someone who DOESN'T like grapes! They're an awesome healthy snack for anyone, even a fussy or picky eater. And, these roasted grapes are simple way to switch up the flavor profile to keep healthy snacking interesting!
But, all of their sweet deliciousness aside, did you know grapes are also a sneaky superfood? Both red and green grapes are low in calories, contain wholesome dietary fiber, and even offer some protein. But, they're also rich in essential micronutrients like vitamin C and vitamin K.
Just one serving of these roasted grapes contains over 25% of your daily recommended vitamin C and just as much of your daily vitamin K! Of course, we all know that fruits tend to be quality sources of immune-boosting vitamin C. But, grapes' high content of bone-building, heart-healthy vitamin K is a superfood surprise!
Granted, leafy greens like kale are the best vitamin K sources. But, if you struggle to eat enough leafy greens (like most of us), these sweet roasted grapes can help boost your daily intake!
Also, similar to well-known superfoods like blueberries, grapes are actually an incredible source of antioxidants. With their free-radical-fighting powers, antioxidants help to reverse oxidative stress and repair damaged cells.
And, that makes grapes (and other plant-based foods) crucial to fending off chronic diseases like cancer and heart disease, as well as slowing down aging! In particular, red grapes have the highest antioxidant content of any variety.
They actually get their reddish purplish color from potent antioxidants, known as anthocyanins, contained in the skins. Which means these sweet roasted grapes are as super nutritious as they are super delicious!
Preheat oven to 425°F (220°).
Toss grapes with oil, salt, and cinnamon—or whichever spices you prefer.
Add to a sheet pan lined with parchment and roast for 25-30 minutes. They will blister and caramelize outside, and be super juicy like jam on the inside!
Yields ~2 cups roasted grapes.
*Don't use green grapes!! They contain lots of water and will turn out extremely soggy after roasting.
Vegan Mediterranean Stuffed Sweet Potato!


text:
Q: PHP POST to AWS S3 here is my code here:
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    'Bucket'       => $bucket,
    'Key'          => 'image.jpg',
    'SourceFile'   => $_FILES['image'],
    'ContentType'  => 'image/jpg',
    'ACL'          => 'public-read',
    'StorageClass' => 'REDUCED_REDUNDANCY'
));

as you can see, I want to pass $_FILES['image'] into the SourceFile because that is what I want to upload to AWS S3. how can I do this because the error I get is this:

Fatal error: Uncaught RuntimeException: Unable to open Array using mode r: fopen() expects parameter 1 to be a valid path, array given in

A: $_FILES['image'] is an array that contains other information about the file upload. You can see all the keys here: http://php.net/manual/en/features.file-upload.post-method.php
Your file is actually at $_FILES['image']['tmp_name'].

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Starry Travels
Merrimack Valley region road trip itinerary.
New Hampshire Road Trips
The sky is the limit in southern New Hampshire where otherworldly and mysterious attractions take you to the stars and beyond.
Canobie Lake Park (85 North Policy Street, Salem) Head to Salem for endless fun at one of America's Top Ten amusement parks, according to Money Magazine. Between Sky rides, a Starblaster, Zero Gravity, and other out-of-this-world rides, there's something fun for everyone!
America's Stonehenge (105 Haverhill Road, Salem) Experience the mystery of America's Stonehenge – a series of manmade rock formations located in southern New Hampshire whose origins are unknown still today. The site is known to be an accurate astronomical calendar, built by ancient people ahead of their time and well versed in the stars.
Aviation Museum of New Hampshire (27 Navigator Road, Londonderry) Immerse yourself in the history of flight and discover New Hampshire's unique contributions to the aviation industry.
Moonlight Meadery & Hidden Moon Brewing (23 Londonderry Road, Londonderry) Delight in celestial meads and unique brews at this award-winning, internationally recognized establishment!
SEE Science Center (200 Bedford Street, Manchester) Spend an afternoon discovering the intriguing earth, space, and natural science exhibits in Manchester, along with the largest permanent LEGO installation at minifigure scale in the world.
Palace Theatre (80 Hanover Street, Manchester) Visit the historic Palace Theatre in downtown Manchester and be star-struck by the magnetic shows performed on stage.
SkyVenture NH (100 Adventure Way, Nashua) Take your adventure to new heights when you experience the freedom of flight at this state-of-the-art indoor vertical wind tunnel! No parachute, ripcord, airplane OR experience needed! If that doesn't get your adrenaline pumping they've got an indoor surfing facility to try too!
McAuliffe-Shepard Discovery Center (2 Institute Drive, Concord) Explore the all-ages exhibits on astronomy, earth, space, and aviation at the fascinating Discovery Center—and be sure to catch a show at the planetarium to be dazzled by sparkling night skies and cosmic legends!
Pit Stops:
Shop: Concord's Main Street lies in the shadow of the State House. In this capitol city's downtown, you'll find an abundance of welcoming businesses offering a variety of goods and services from cooking essentials at Celeste Oliva to great reads from Gibson's Bookstore.
Eat: La Carreta Mexican Restaurant (139 Daniel Webster Highway, Nashua); Republic (969 Elm Street, Manchester); Roots Café (9 Riverside Street, Hooksett); The Barley House (132 N Main Street, Concord).
Find a Place to Stay in the Merrimack Valley Region
Discover More Road Trips
A Road Less Travelled
A Trip Through Time
Discover Wonders
Vintage Travels

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Remember to get your tickets for "ICC Night at the Chiefs" on August 11. ICC faculty, staff, retirees, students, alumni and even friends can purchase discounted tickets at icc.edu/chiefs. Use the code "ICC" to receive your discount.
The game starts at 7 pm against the Quad Cities River Bandits, and Dr. Sheila Quirk-Bailey will throw out the first pitch! Support the College and show your spirit by wearing ICC apparel that night.


Our belief and work ethic are very much different to what we find in a conventional workplace. We believe in being free spirited with our talents' creativity, ideas and innovation. To do so, we have 10 commandments in place.


text:
Category listing: 37" x 13" Portraits to 36" x 8" the Panoramic Imagescollection
37" x 13" Portraits
Gold Diamond by Ron Di Scenza - 37" x 13"
Satin Gown by Ron Di Scenza - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Polynesian
Bora Bora, French Polynesia, South Pacific by Picture Finders - 37" x 13"
Sunset in the Maldives, North Indian Ocean by Fridmar Damm - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Places Pictures
Eglington Castle - Scotland by Helmut Hirler - 37" x 13"
Piccadilly Circus, London by Stephanie Rey-Gorrez - 37" x 13"
River Thames, London by Stephanie Rey-Gorrez - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Photography Pictures
Dyrholaey I - Iceland by Helmut Hirler - 37" x 13"
Dyrholaey II - Iceland by Helmut Hirler - 37" x 13"
Leaves by Steven N. Meyers - 37" x 13"
Spirituality by Photography Collection - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" People
37" x 13" Panorama Pictures
Earth Layers by L. Austin - 37" x 13"
Skyline by Erin Ashley - 37" x 13"
The Wind in the Dunes I by Noah Bay - 37" x 13"
The Wind in the Dunes II by Noah Bay - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Oceania
37" x 13" London Pictures
37" x 13" Landscape
Somme Treeline by Charlie Waite - 37" x 13"
Tree Top by Tom Kirkendall - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" India Pictures
Taj Mahal, Agra, India by Earl Bronsteen - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Green
In the Distance I by Norman Wyatt Jr. - 37" x 13"
In the Distance II by Norman Wyatt Jr. - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Flowers
Anthropologie II by Allison Pearce - 37" x 13"
Arabesque II by Aimee Wilson - 37" x 13"
Grasses II by Asia Jensen - 37" x 13"
Marrakech II by Aimee Wilson - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Earthtones
Craving Altitude by Edward Selkirk - 37" x 13"
Progression I by Tom Reeves - 37" x 13"
Progression II by Tom Reeves - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Contemporary
Ardour I by Allison Pearce - 37" x 13"
Gathering II by Lorraine Vail - 37" x 13"
Patience by Ninalee Irani - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Color Photography
Chilies and Patissons by Dave Brullmann - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Brown
37" x 13" Blue
Arabesque I by Aimee Wilson - 37" x 13"
Tour of Venice VII by Terry Lawrence - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Black
37" x 13" Bird Pictures
Large Bird Menagerie by Wendy Russell - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Bedroom
Field of Blue by Tom Reeves - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Architecture
37" x 13" Animals
Animal Friends II by Jean Paul - 37" x 13"
Meadow Triptych by Luisa Tosini - 37" x 13"
37" x 13" Abstract
Marrakech I by Aimee Wilson - 37" x 13"
36" x 9" Transportation
Amsterdam at Dusk, Netherlands by Panoramic Images - 36" x 9"
Cars moving on the road, Havana, Cuba by Panoramic Images - 36" x 9"
Closed gas station, Route 66, USA by Panoramic Images - 36" x 9"
36" x 9" the Panoramic Imagescollection
Art museum at the waterfront, Philadelphia Museum Of Art, Schuylkill River, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA by Panoramic Images - 36" x 9"
Buildings along the Detroit River, Detroit, Michigan by Panoramic Images - 36" x 9"
36" x 9" Modern
Sencillez Oriental I by Lola Abellan - 36" x 9"
Sencillez Oriental II by Lola Abellan - 36" x 9"
36" x 9" Fishing Pictures
Fishing boats at a harbor, Kalk Bay, False Bay, Cape Town, Western Cape Province, South Africa by Panoramic Images - 36" x 9"
Koi Swimming by Panoramic Images - 36" x 9"
36" x 9" Earthtones
Fleur 4 Panel I by Veruca Salt - various sizes
Fleur 4 Panel II by Veruca Salt - various sizes
36" x 9" Clouds
36" x 9" Architecture
Old Factory, Montreal, Quebec, Canada by Panoramic Images - 36" x 9"
Positano, Amalfi Coast, Italy by Panoramic Images - 36" x 9"
36" x 9" Animals
Jumpin' Jacks by Karen Dupre - 36" x 9"
Lake Merritt in Oakland, California, USA by Panoramic Images - 36" x 8"
View of Manhattan from New Jersey by Panoramic Images - 36" x 8"
Page: 1 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,100 1,200 1,311


text:
Q: Update with detailsview and sqldatasource It is posible update a row with DetailsView control and Sqldatasource?
Any example?

Edit:
SOLVED
<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource2" runat="server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:BD %>" ProviderName="System.Data.SqlClient" SelectCommand="SELECT Tabla.id, Tabla.nombre FROM Tabla WHERE Tabla.id = 1" UpdateCommand="UPDATE Tabla SET nombre=@nombre WHERE id=@id">
                    <UpdateParameters>
                        <asp:Parameter Name="id" Type="Int32" />
                        <asp:Parameter Name="nombre" Type="String" />
                    </UpdateParameters>
                </asp:SqlDataSource>

                <asp:DetailsView ID="DetailsView1" DefaultMode="Edit" runat="server" Height="50px" Width="125px" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource2" AutoGenerateRows="False" AutoGenerateEditButton="true">

                    <Fields>
                        <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="id">
                            <EditItemTemplate>
                                <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("id") %>'></asp:TextBox>
                            </EditItemTemplate>
                        </asp:TemplateField>
                        <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="nombre">
                            <EditItemTemplate>
                                <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("nombre") %>'></asp:TextBox>
                            </EditItemTemplate>
                    </Fields>

                </asp:DetailsView>

A: yes, it is possible, you can set AutoGenerateEditButton property as true in DetailsView
You better read MSDN documentations related to this.

*

*DetailsView.AutoGenerateEditButton Property

*Modifying Data Using a DetailsView Web Server Control


text:
Fish farm firm Cermaq Canada fined $500,000 for B.C. diesel spill | CBC News Loaded
Fish farm firm Cermaq Canada fined $500,000 for B.C. diesel spill
A fish farming company has been fined $500,000 for a spill that sent more than 500 litres of diesel pouring into the waters near Campbell River, B.C.
Crown had asked for $1.4 million penalty for 2017 incident near Campbell River
Bethany Lindsay · CBC News · Posted: Dec 02, 2021 4:18 PM PT | Last Updated: December 3, 2021
A photograph taken on March 5, 2017 shows diesel in the water at a Cermaq Canada fish farm near Campbell River, B.C. (Twyla Rosocovich)
A provincial court judge handed down the sentence to Cermaq Canada on Tuesday, following the company's guilty plea to a charge under the Fisheries Act of unlawfully depositing a deleterious substance into Raleigh Passage.
Crown prosecutors had asked for a $1.4 million fine for Cermaq, a subsidiary of an international aquaculture firm owned by Mitsubishi.
However, Judge Catherine Crockett chose to slash that recommended amount by nearly two-thirds, writing that there was no proven harm to wildlife and Cermaq has accepted full responsibility.
"I conclude that the consequences of this incident to Cermaq to date, including the monetary cost and damage to its reputation, go a long way to impress upon Cermaq the need to ensure its systems and training are sufficient to prevent similar offences in the future," she wrote in her reasons for sentence.
"Nevertheless, I must impose a fine in keeping with Cermaq's corporate size and relative financial means, so the fine could not be seen by Cermaq, or other companies that operate in the marine environment, as simply the cost of doing business."
B.C. fish farm company says it 'highly regrets' diesel spill
The spill began on March 4, 2017, when an employee of the salmon farming operation was transferring fuel from a main storage tank to a smaller tank.
According to the sentencing decision, the worker ignored the company's posted instructions about how to complete this transfer and used a rope to hold the fuelling nozzle so the diesel would keep flowing. He then left the area to take care of other duties.
Despite a reminder from his supervisor, the worker didn't shut off the fuel pump that evening, and both of them went to bed while the diesel was still transferring. At some point during the night, the smaller tank overflowed and the fuel began running into the ocean.
It cost Cermaq Canada $885,000 to clean up the spill. (Daniel Hillert via Bob Chamberlin)
The spill was only discovered when the supervisor woke up at 4 a.m. and smelled gas.
Estimates for how much diesel overflowed range between 522 and 550 litres. Cermaq spent about $885,000 on cleanup efforts.
No farmed salmon were killed in the spill, and tests showed there was no impact on their health, the decision says. All the fish on site were eventually processed and sold.
A scientist who testified for the court said the greatest risk from the spill would have been to herring roe, but overall the judge concluded the harm to sea life in the area was low.
Oily sheen from B.C. diesel spill can't be recovered but will evaporate, officials say
Since the spill, Cermaq has updated procedures at its fish farms to prevent similar incidents and brought in a consultant to review its fuel handling policies, Crockett wrote.
Her sentence also includes an order for the company to post her decision on its website for 90 days.
The salmon farming operation where the spill happened, near the Burdwood Group Islands, has since been decommissioned.
Bethany Lindsay
Bethany Lindsay is a B.C. journalist with a focus on the courts, health, science and social justice issues. Questions or news tips? Get in touch at bethany.lindsay@cbc.ca or on Twitter through @bethanylindsay.
Top stories from British Columbia
Highway 1 to Hope reopens as rains ease in southern B.C., but flood warnings remain in place
B.C. chiropractors vote for regulator to 'take a stand' against COVID-19 vaccine mandate
Nurses at centre of B.C. probe over care of disabled adults disciplined again


text:
In This Article Ralph Vaughan Williams
Collected Writings and Correspondence
Memoirs and Tributes
Life and Works
Pictorial Biographies
Essay Collections
Extramusical Influences
Literary Influences
Political and Cultural Influences
Stylistic and Compositional Practices
Other Instrumental Music
Other Dramatic Works
Instrumentation and Orchestration
Ralph Vaughan Williams
Eric Saylor
LAST REVIEWED: 05 May 2017
LAST MODIFIED: 26 April 2018
Ralph Vaughan Williams, O.M. (b. 1872–d. 1958), was the leading English composer of his generation and one of the foremost symphonic composers of the 20th century. Educated at the Royal College of Music and Trinity College, Cambridge, he made significant contributions to every major genre of music; particularly important works include his nine symphonies (the first performances of which span from 1910 to 1958), the Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis (1910), the ballet Job: A Masque for Dancing (1930), the one-act opera Riders to the Sea (1936), and multiple dramatic settings of John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress. His tireless promotion of and advocacy for English music and musicians have led to inaccurate assumptions about the parochialism or insularity of his own idiom; however, his distinctive musical voice is increasingly recognized as one of the most original and enduring of the early 20th century. As composer, conductor, teacher, author, lecturer, editor, administrator, and proto-ethnomusicologist, his influence was felt throughout English musical life, and he remains one of that nation's most popular musicians of all time.
Most basic introductions to Vaughan Williams should be read with some degree of skepticism, as clichés or misconceptions about the composer frequently emerge when nonspecialists write about his life and career. Coverage of the composer is either cursory or entirely absent from most major surveys of 20th-century music, with the notable exceptions of Whittall 1999 and Morgan 1991. Fox-Strangways 1920, the first significant overview of Vaughan Williams's career, wasn't published until the composer was nearly fifty. Vaughan Williams fares somewhat better in surveys of English and British music. Trend 1985 represents perhaps the best of the self-contained introductory essays to the composer, which also include Goddard 1946 and Caldwell 1998. Howes 1966 and Banfield 1995 provide more-diffuse introductions, as descriptions of the composer's music are spread throughout the texts, even if short biographical sketches are also present. The concise treatment of Vaughan Williams's personal background and professional activities provided in Onderdonk 2013 (cited under Extramusical Influences: Political and Cultural Influences) would serve as an excellent and far more sophisticated counterbalance to many of the sources noted here.
Banfield, Stephen, ed. The Blackwell History of Music in Britain. Vol. 6, The Twentieth Century. Music in Britain. Oxford: Blackwell, 1995.
Unlike the other entries in this category, Vaughan Williams does not receive a self-contained entry; rather, the section on "Art Music" (pp. 177–500) contains many short references to his individual works, organized by genre and alongside descriptions of other composers' contributions to those genres. Tersely written, but wide ranging.
Caldwell, John. The Oxford History of English Music. Vol. 2, From c. 1715 to the Present Day. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
The eleven-page main entry on Vaughan Williams (pp. 337–348) eschews biography in favor of stylistic overviews of the main genres to which he contributed (symphonies, opera, solo instrumental works, choral music), with additional commentary on individual pieces. Several other works are mentioned or briefly described throughout the book, though in less detail.
Fox-Strangways, A. H. "Ralph Vaughan Williams." Music and Letters 1.2 (April 1920): 78–86.
DOI: 10.1093/ml/1.2.78E-mail Citation »
One of the first extended treatments of Vaughan Williams's life and career as a whole. Greater focus on works written before World War I than typically given in later surveys, providing some useful critical opinions and attitudes about the works and practices on which the composer's early reputation was founded.
Goddard, Scott. "Ralph Vaughan Williams, O.M." In British Music of Our Time. Edited by A. L. Bacharach, 83–98. New York: Pelican, 1946.
Flowery prose and occasional misperceptions belie a surprisingly insightful summary of the composer's career through World War II. Better for the short descriptions of individual works than for the biographical passages.
Howes, Frank. The English Musical Renaissance. New York: Stein and Day, 1966.
Like Caldwell 1998, features one main entry on the composer ("Holst and Vaughan Williams: Emancipation") with many other references to him throughout the book. Primarily a stylistic and biographical overview, though almost hagiographic in places; worth reading in conjunction with Howes 1954 (cited under Works).
Morgan, Robert. Twentieth-Century Music: A History of Musical Style in Modern Europe and America. Norton Introduction to Music History. New York: W. W. Norton, 1991.
Short entry on the composer, focusing particularly on his interest in, and application of, indigenous English musical traditions (i.e., folk song and Renaissance-era choral music), and the larger place of his symphonies within the European tradition.
Trend, Michael. "Heirs and Rebels: Vaughan Williams, Holst, Butterworth." In The Music Makers: The English Musical Renaissance from Elgar to Britten. By Michael Trend, 95–105. New York: Schirmer, 1985.
Engaging introduction to the composer's life, emphasizing biographical details and large-scale compositional practices rather than individual works. Makes more extensive use of secondary source materials (though these are typically uncited) than do most other entries in this category.
Whittall, Arnold. "Symphonic Music after 1918: I." In Musical Composition in the Twentieth Century. By Arnold Whittall, 64–69. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
The main entry on Vaughan Williams deals almost exclusively with the Pastoral, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Symphonies and has a primarily structural focus within this deliberately limited scope. Most suitable for readers possessing at least basic knowledge of tonal harmony and theory.
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There are currently 2 Townhomes for sale in Bridgeview. The average price for Bridgeview properties is $119,500which is 79% lower than all Townhomes within a 20 mile radius. The highest priced property in Bridgeview is $140,000 while the lowest priced Townhome is listed at $99,000. Most of the properties available in Bridgeview are Townhomes while there are other property types as well. Compared to last month, the average price of real estate in the area has gone up 100%.


Just in case any other autists besides me bought the DVD, know that the missing footage can still be accessed through the chapter select. It just gets skipped when you select play movie.
Updating my own story no one cares about. It seems the first batch of Rainbow Rocks DVDs play chapters 6 and 5 in the wrong order. So if I had let chapter 6 finish, I would have seen the missing footage before moving to chapter 7. Anyone who has purchased a defective DVD may contact Shout! for a replacement. Also, starting the movie from chapter 1 using scene select is a viable work around.
You ever think there could be a chance that the current creators hate EG?
They were against it at first, but they're probably into it by now. They probably like having an awesome new mane six member to work with.
They seem to put effort in 2 to 3 of the songs and mostly focused on sunset simmer, Then left the rest of the writing towards fan service and reused old jokes.
I really liked a lot of the songs. 10 is a huge undertaking, and not all are going to be memorable. I can name over half of them and really like them though: Shake Your Tail, Battle, Welcome to the Show, Shine Like Rainbows and Under Our Spell. That doesn't include the final battle song (once Sunset gets the mic) or Tricks Up My Sleeve, both of which I enjoy in the movie, but might not look up on Youtube any time. That leaves Awesome as I Want to Be and the other Rainboom song and whichever other one I've forgotten, so all in all, very quality.
Reusing old jokes? Always going to happen. It's a throwback to old memories. The one about 20% less awesome fit very well and made me smile. Other examples aren't coming to mind, but I do remember other throwbacks. I don't think they distracted from the movie.
The movie did indeed focus on Sunset Shimmer (and Twilight) but that's called leading with your best asset. A nice change from only ever focusing on Princess pone. And least we got someone new to outshine everypony. The two actually showed some good development and bonding over others expectations of them. I know that Sunset's villain-friend turn is the quickest in history, but lets put that aside. That's the first movies problem. Rainbow Rocks made excellent use of her in this new situation.
Regarding a few words on the others: Rainbow was almost an antagonist. She had the most scene time, but not for reasons I enjoyed. A further descend for her into near Diamond Tiara levels. Pinkie is still comic relief and unused for anything else. Rarity was barely used at all. These trends are problems that should be addressed, but they are characteristic of the show in general, not Rainbow Rocks. Fluttershy at least had some cute scenes and Applejack continues to be the ever perfect rock that grounds the ensemble.
>Reusing old jokes? Always going to happen. It's a throwback to old memories.
Eh, Doesn't really feel that way to me. Although you can argue that the human universe is the same as the pony universe but with different spices. Thats the only explanation I can get from having a reason to reuse old jokes.
>The movie did indeed focus on Sunset Shimmer (and Twilight) but that's called leading with your best asset.
>Rainbow was almost an antagonist. She had the most scene time, but not for reasons I enjoyed. A further descend for her into near Diamond Tiara levels.
I actually have no negative opinion about sunset. What i'm disappointed in is how the other characters felt they we're just there to crack joke's about her past half the time and Dash just being a jerk. It kind of remind me of season 1. coincidence?
What I felt from the movie was an reincarnation of season 1 but instead of having everyone being friendly with the main character it switches it around and has the main character crave for to be close to people. Really all the EG characters act the same way as the mlp characters except for RD. RD flatout went lightning dust mode, but with bragging added too it.
>I really liked a lot of the songs. 10 is a huge undertaking, and not all are going to be memorable. I can name over half of them and really like them though: Shake Your Tail, Battle, Welcome to the Show, Shine Like Rainbows and Under Our Spell. That doesn't include the final battle song (once Sunset gets the mic) or Tricks Up My Sleeve, both of which I enjoy in the movie, but might not look up on Youtube any time. That leaves Awesome as I Want to Be and the other Rainboom song and whichever other one I've forgotten, so all in all, very quality.
3 of them seemed good the rest just felt bland to decent.


Real estate has always been a passion for me as I was born into the business. I love the diversity, fast pace environment and opportunities this profession has to offer. As a millennial I am excited to add growth and a fresh perspective to the business. Proud to work in my family owned brokerage, with an expert team behind me. I am confident I can provide assistance for a successful real estate transaction. I enjoy traveling, spending time with my family and friends, car rides with my dogs, and am always ready for the next adventure. I look forward to working with you in the future when I help you make your next move.