text:
Sustainable Development at Risk in E. Europe, Central Asia
By Jaya Ramachandran
BERLIN | BRUSSELS (IDN) - Unless adequate steps are taken with relentless determination, the core objective of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) agreed by all member states of the United Nations in September 2015, which recommend that "no one be left behind", will not be achieved in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.
This is the crux of a United Nations report titled 'Progress at Risk', published on October 12 in Brussels. Goals 8 and 10 of the SDGs – aiming to "promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for all" and "reduce inequality within and among countries" – are being ignored. (P31) JAPANESE TEXT VERSION PDF
With 37 million people in informal or vulnerable jobs – the equivalent of a third of the working population -- social safety nets in Eastern Europe, Turkey and Central Asia are increasingly coming under threat, says the report by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) covering this region.
The report shows that, while some 80 million people (out of a total population of 230 million) have joined the middle class since 2001, low commodity prices and slow growth in the European Union and the Russian Federation are making it harder for many people to find decent employment or access basic services such as health and education.
The study sees women, migrant workers, the youth and ethnic minorities such as the Roma particularly at risk of falling behind. "Women, for example, are 30 percent less likely to be employed than men, but perform two and a half times more unpaid domestic work."
Furthermore, AIDS-related deaths have tripled over the last 15 years, in part because prevention and treatment have failed to reach the most marginalized.
"Many of these problems reflect discrimination and exclusion that are not captured in official statistics," declares the report. In fact, World Bank and Transparency International survey data cited in the report indicate that many people believe in the existence of a two-speed justice system, while a third of respondents said they have paid bribes to get treated medically.
Taking up a rather sensible issue that is often side-lined, Cihan Sultanoğlu, the Director of UNDP's Regional Bureau for Europe and the CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) said: "Many countries in this region used to enjoy relative job security, free and universal access to social services and smaller gender inequalities. But with vulnerability and exclusion on the rise, they are starting to resemble societies in other parts of the world."
The report refers to yet another significant aspect of economic life when it points out that due to misinvoiced foreign trade transactions nearly US$65 billion in annual illicit financial flows leaves the region annually. "By capturing even a small fraction of these funds, governments in Eastern Europe, Turkey and Central Asia could invest huge amounts back into creating jobs, expanding social safety nets and closing the gender gap," says the report.
Such investments would also help countries of the region implement the global development finance agenda agreed in Addis Ababa in July 2015, which identified increases in domestic resources – including reductions in illicit financial flows – as key to funding sustainable development.
Financing questions are emerging as a major concern in national efforts to implement the sustainable development goals by 2030.
Against this backdrop, Sultanoğlu said: "This report is coming at the right time. Many countries around the world are implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which recommend that no one be left behind. If we can invest in bringing the most excluded and vulnerable groups up to speed, we will increase the prospects of reaching the SDGs in the region by 2030."
The UNDP report calls for cutting the region's high labour taxes to encourage formal employment, where social protection coverage and workers' rights are more secure. In addition, alleviating social care and domestic work could improve education, employment, and earnings opportunities for women. This could in turn accelerate economic growth and improve levels of well-being for everyone, says the report.
In addition, increasing national tax receipts, capturing illicit capital flows and imposing higher taxes on economic activities that burden the environment—such as the extraction and processing of non-renewable fossil fuels—could increase budget revenues and help make the transition to greener economies and more equal societies.
The report also calls for improving the ability of statistical offices to gather reliable and independent data on inequalities, but also to respond to the needs of vulnerable groups more effectively. Such efforts would require more extensive public administration and civil service reforms, says the report. [IDN-InDepthNews – 13 October 2016]
Photo: Vladimer Vaishvili | UNDP Georgia


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Home » News & Information » Frontlines » Climate Change/Science & Technology » Your Voice: Peru's Melting Glaciers Teach Community "to Be Strong in the Face of the Changes"
Nora Ferm
Forests of Polylepis spp trees in a proposed private conservation area at the foot of glaciers in the Ancash region Juan Andrés Castro
Seventy percent of the world's tropical glaciers are in Peru. Scientists once thought that these glaciers would be gone in 30 years. That timeline is being revised based on recent evidence, and some now estimate that all Andean glaciers will be gone in a decade.
Traveling from the heights of the Andes Mountains down to the Peruvian coast on a narrow dirt road hugging the cliff, I see firsthand the many uses of the Santa River.
Stewart Grand/USAID
I start the trip at 10,000 feet above sea level—almost twice as high as Denver—driving with colleagues from The Mountain Institute (TMI), a partner of USAID in Peru and Nepal. At that altitude, the river is fed mostly by runoff from the glaciers up on the peaks of the Cordillera Blanca—the White Mountains. Smallholder farmers in the highlands rely on the river to nourish their potato and corn fields.
A few hours later, after passing through countless dark tunnels carved into the rock, we are in a landscape dominated by dry rock and dust. Few houses can be seen, and the water rushes through a pair of large hydroelectric dams. By evening, we are at sea level, passing irrigated plantations with asparagus and other crops for export.
Throughout Peru, farmers and communities like these depend on water originating up by the glaciers. But as climate change increases global greenhouse gas emissions, temperatures are rising, rainfall is becoming increasingly erratic, and the glaciers are melting faster.
Fidel Rodriguez, former municipal council member
The Mountain Institute
Climate change impacts on glaciers and rainfall patterns will be felt all along the Santa River, and throughout the region, home to about 1.6 million people. Electricity production from hydropower will become less reliable. Water for drinking and irrigation will become increasingly limited. In turn, these changes will threaten development advances in the areas of health, food security, and economic development.
High in the Andes, the former mayor of the town of Huasta described the crisis they are facing.
"Before, the Cordillera Blanca had a lot of snow, but now they just look like craggy rock," he said. "Four or five years from now, we won't have any more water. Those of us who live up at this altitude depend on the small springs and rivers. People on the coast have irrigation systems, which also use water that comes from up here. It makes me sad. If those streams disappear, what are we going to do?"
A community forestry group in Ancash, Peru, prepares to reforest with native Polylepis or "paper" trees.
That is the question that USAID and The Mountain Institute joined forces in 2009 to address. TMI is an international non-profit that promotes conservation and community development in mountain ranges around the world. The two organizations are helping people in both the highlands and the lowlands of Peru prepare for and cope with the changes in climate and water availability.
This collaboration was made possible through the Development Grants Program, which was developed in 2008 at the request of the U.S. Congress to expand the number of direct partnerships that USAID has with U.S. private voluntary organizations and indigenous local NGOs.
Through it, Peruvian farmers and local government representatives get a better understanding of the threats posed by climate change and the role that ecological systems can play in helping them respond to these threats. High Andean wetlands and grasslands—like páramos and punas—are critical for conserving increasingly scarce water resources, because their sponge-like soil and vegetation help capture water and feed local streams.
In workshops and trainings, community groups have learned how they are vulnerable to climate change, including the fact that it may become harder and harder to access water. They have also learned what they can do to adapt, such as preserving important natural systems. Now, these groups are working with their local governments on plans to restore and protect the forests and grasslands. At high altitudes, the native Polylepis trees—sometimes called paper trees because of their papery bark—are particularly important for capturing water.
"We can feel the changes in the climate," said Rosalía Jara, who lives in Huasta. "For instance, in previous years it rained continuously, but now the rains are infrequent and it is really hot. The springs have dried up, water is scarce, and the soil is less fertile. We need to get smart. We should conserve the highlands, especially the paper trees. I have seen that where there are forests of paper trees, there is water. I think this is a good way for us to be strong in the face of the changes."
Education Inspires Action
USAID has also supported training for mayors and local government representatives. After learning more about climate change, mayors in the Ancash region were inspired to create the Three Basins Commonwealth, dedicated to cooperating on adaptation to climate change, local economic development, and the management of mountain ecosystems. Commonwealths are legal entities created to achieve higher levels of impact with public investments.
Jurao Valley was dedicated by the community of Huasta for establishment of a private conservation area.
Jorge Recharte/The Mountain Institute
Fidel Rodriguez, a former municipal council member from the community of Pampas Chico, explained the decision to create the Commonwealth. "We can see that the changing climate is affecting the local economy. People don't know what to do about it. The local governments face a big challenge: how to be leaders in the process, how to implement the right public policies to promote the kind of development that is needed in the context of climate change. The mayors in the new Commonwealth are taking responsibility and leading the coordination of these efforts."
Women who have been elected to the municipal councils have also established their own climate change network. Through USAID, they are trained and have opportunities to talk with rural women so their concerns and interests are reflected in local adaptation projects.
Meanwhile, on the coast, people are realizing that they depend on the mountain water to grow asparagus and other booming agricultural export crops. If farmers in the mountains use water more efficiently and protect the river by planting trees nearby, it will help guarantee a continuous supply of water for the plantations downstream.
Cooperation with highland farmers is therefore a key part of adaptation plans being drafted by lowland water user groups. USAID will work with these coastal groups to develop mechanisms to incentivize conservation in high mountain areas. This could include incentive payments from agricultural businesses to poorer highland communities that agree to plant trees and protect water sources.
As a result of USAID's work, smallholder farmers in the mountains will be able to continue to grow crops to feed their families. They may even have new sources of income from their efforts to protect the watershed.
USAID is working to analyze how these strategies are working in Peru and to use the information to help other mountain communities. And, Peru's Catholic University has invited TMI to create a graduate level program on climate change, ideally, to educate the next generation of stewards of the mountain and all it has to offer.
Your Voice, a continuing FrontLines feature, offers personal observations from USAID employees. Nora Ferm is a climate change specialist in the Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture and Trade.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package net.daw.dao.implementation;

import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import net.daw.bean.implementation.UsuarioBean;
import net.daw.dao.publicinterface.TableDaoInterface;
import net.daw.dao.publicinterface.ViewDaoInterface;
import net.daw.data.implementation.MysqlDataSpImpl;
import net.daw.helper.statics.AppConfigurationHelper;
import net.daw.helper.statics.ExceptionBooster;
import net.daw.helper.statics.FilterBeanHelper;
import net.daw.helper.statics.SqlBuilder;

public class UsuarioDao implements ViewDaoInterface<UsuarioBean>, TableDaoInterface<UsuarioBean> {

    private String strTable = "usuario";
    private String strSQL = "select * from usuario where 1=1 ";
    private MysqlDataSpImpl oMysql = null;
    private Connection oConnection = null;

    public UsuarioDao(Connection oPooledConnection) throws Exception {
        try {
            oConnection = oPooledConnection;
            oMysql = new MysqlDataSpImpl(oConnection);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ExceptionBooster.boost(new Exception(this.getClass().getName() + ":constructor ERROR: " + ex.getMessage()));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getPages(int intRegsPerPag, ArrayList<FilterBeanHelper> hmFilter) throws Exception {
        strSQL += SqlBuilder.buildSqlWhere(hmFilter);
        int pages = 0;
        try {
            pages = oMysql.getPages(strSQL, intRegsPerPag);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ExceptionBooster.boost(new Exception(this.getClass().getName() + ":getPages ERROR: " + ex.getMessage()));
        }
        return pages;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount(ArrayList<FilterBeanHelper> hmFilter) throws Exception {
        strSQL += SqlBuilder.buildSqlWhere(hmFilter);
        int pages = 0;
        try {
            pages = oMysql.getCount(strSQL);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ExceptionBooster.boost(new Exception(this.getClass().getName() + ":getCount ERROR: " + ex.getMessage()));
        }
        return pages;
    }

    @Override
    public ArrayList<UsuarioBean> getPage(int intRegsPerPag, int intPage, ArrayList<FilterBeanHelper> hmFilter, HashMap<String, String> hmOrder, Integer expand) throws Exception {
        strSQL += SqlBuilder.buildSqlWhere(hmFilter);
        strSQL += SqlBuilder.buildSqlOrder(hmOrder);
        strSQL += SqlBuilder.buildSqlLimit(oMysql.getCount(strSQL), intRegsPerPag, intPage);
        ArrayList<UsuarioBean> arrUsuario = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            ResultSet oResultSet = oMysql.getAllSql(strSQL);
            if (oResultSet != null) {
                while (oResultSet.next()) {
                    UsuarioBean oUsuarioBean = new UsuarioBean();
                    arrUsuario.add(oUsuarioBean.fill(oResultSet, oConnection, expand));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ExceptionBooster.boost(new Exception(this.getClass().getName() + ":getPage ERROR: " + ex.getMessage()));
        }
        return arrUsuario;
    }

    @Override
    public ArrayList<UsuarioBean> getAll(ArrayList<FilterBeanHelper> alFilter, HashMap<String, String> hmOrder, Integer expand) throws Exception {
        strSQL += SqlBuilder.buildSqlOrder(hmOrder);
        ArrayList<UsuarioBean> arrUsuario = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            ResultSet oResultSet = oMysql.getAllSql(strSQL);
            if (oResultSet != null) {
                while (oResultSet.next()) {
                    UsuarioBean oUsuarioBean = new UsuarioBean();
                    arrUsuario.add(oUsuarioBean.fill(oResultSet, oConnection, expand));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ExceptionBooster.boost(new Exception(this.getClass().getName() + ":getPage ERROR: " + ex.getMessage()));
        }
        return arrUsuario;
    }

    @Override
    public UsuarioBean get(UsuarioBean oUsuarioBean, Integer expand) throws Exception {
        if (oUsuarioBean.getId() > 0) {
            try {
                ResultSet oResultSet = oMysql.getAllSql(strSQL + " And id= " + oUsuarioBean.getId() + " ");
                if (oResultSet != null) {
                    while (oResultSet.next()) {
                        oUsuarioBean = oUsuarioBean.fill(oResultSet, oConnection, expand);
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                ExceptionBooster.boost(new Exception(this.getClass().getName() + ":get ERROR: " + ex.getMessage()));
            }
        } else {
            oUsuarioBean.setId(0);
        }
        return oUsuarioBean;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer set(UsuarioBean oUsuarioBean) throws Exception {

          Integer iResult = null;
        try {
            if (oUsuarioBean.getId() == 0) {
                strSQL = "INSERT INTO " + strTable + " ";
                strSQL += "(" + oUsuarioBean.getColumns() + ") ";
                strSQL += "VALUES (" + oUsuarioBean.getValues() + ")";
                iResult = oMysql.executeInsertSQL(strSQL);
            } else {
                strSQL = "UPDATE " + strTable + " ";
                strSQL += " SET " + oUsuarioBean.toPairs();
                strSQL += " WHERE id=" + oUsuarioBean.getId();
                iResult = oMysql.executeUpdateSQL(strSQL);
            }

        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ExceptionBooster.boost(new Exception(this.getClass().getName() + ":set ERROR: " + ex.getMessage()));
        }
        return iResult;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer remove(Integer id) throws Exception {
        int result = 0;
        try {
            result = oMysql.removeOne(id, strTable);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ExceptionBooster.boost(new Exception(this.getClass().getName() + ":remove ERROR: " + ex.getMessage()));
        }
        return result;
    }

    public UsuarioBean getFromLogin(UsuarioBean oUsuario) throws Exception {
        try {
          //  String hashCalculado = UsuarioDao.md5(oUsuario.getPassword());
            strSQL="SELECT * FROM usuario where usuario.login="+"\""+oUsuario.getLogin()+"\"";

            ResultSet oResultSet = oMysql.getAllSql(strSQL);

            if(oResultSet != null){
                while(oResultSet.next()){
                    int id = oResultSet.getInt("id");
                    oUsuario.setId(id);
                    String password = oResultSet.getString("password");
                    if(!password.equals(oUsuario.getPassword())){
                        oUsuario.setId(0);
                    }else{

                        oUsuario = this.get(oUsuario, AppConfigurationHelper.getJsonDepth());

                    }
                }
            }

            return oUsuario;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new Exception("UsuarioDao.getFromLogin: Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

      public ArrayList<String> tipocomprado(int id) throws Exception {
        ArrayList<String> alarray = new ArrayList<String>();

        ResultSet existe = oMysql.getAllSql("SELECT tipoproducto.descripcion as descripcion FROM producto, tipoproducto, compra WHERE tipoproducto.id = producto.id_tipoproducto AND producto.id = compra.id_producto AND compra.id_usuario=" + id);
        if (existe != null) {
            while (existe.next()) {
                alarray.add(existe.getString("descripcion"));
            }
        }

        return alarray;
    }

public static String md5(String input) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException{
    if(input == null){
        return null;
    }else{
        MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        digest.update(input.getBytes(),0,input.length());
        String md5 = new BigInteger(1, digest.digest()).toString(16);
        return md5;
    }
}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This camp is perfect for the beginning to intermediate archer. Campers spend the week learning the basics of archery including safety, terminology, and capabilities of the bow. Archers will learn proper stance, breathing, target shooting techniques, and target scoring as the week progresses. The week will culminate with a 3D-target shoot on Oakland Yard's Archery Range.
Left-handed archers should mention this fact on the camp application.


So today when one of our top writer Heather Blanchette said to me you should write about Movie Candy, I said to myself thats a great idea, I'm glad I thought of it! People are always complaining how going to the movies is to expensive, and how they remember when movie pictures were only 10 cents for an all day marathon! Well I hate to be the one to inform the older generation, but it is 2008 and actors and actresses are making 20 million a picture, so sorry Grandma!
I would like to share my first recipe. This recipe is called "back-up" and have several hundred of these.
Butterfinger has been around since 1923! Any candy bar still in demand since the 1920's is only popular because it is quality. I remember growing up and sneaking to the TV when my parents weren't looking to catch Bart Simpson with his Butterfinger and skateboard. This type of Butterfinger activity has gone on for generations. The truth is, no matter how you think of candy, Butterfinger truly is one of the lasting and truly great candies of all time.


Living history is a broad term that originates in the founding of 'living history farms' and open air museums that were focusing on creating a total landschape environment of preindustrial times, focusing on everyday life. The terminology was also used when National Park Services began experimenting with living history approaches such as costumed guides since the 1930s and role-play since the 1960s. It is a method to represent the past and attract the public to museums, but it is also used outside the traditional museum context.
The International Museum of Theater Alliance (IMTAL), which was established in the United States in 1990 to encourage theater and life performance as interpretive tools in cultural institutions, uses the concept of living history to describe interpreters in first- or third- person interpretation who engage themselves in historically authentic activities.(www.imtal-europe.org) The concepts first- and third- person interpretation will be explained shortly.
Concerning the idea of 'living history', IMTAL puts more emphasis on the 'living' aspect than the ALHFAM concerning the idea of people recreating the past in costumes and in a historical manner, instead of a recreated, but not always inhabited historical environment. This difference is illustrative for the different ideas about living history in European versus American open air museums. In Europe, the museum displays are often called 'living history displays' when it seems as if someone has just left a building, whereas in America, they often inhabit the places with real living people. In America, more use is made of the method of first-person interpretation for the purpose of education, whereas in Europe the focus is more on folk life and on the use of living history in a preserved surrounding.This contrast can also be explained in terms of the traditional European 'object-orientation', and the American 'people-oriented' approach.
First-person interpretation is the act of performing a person from the past. The interpreter is in historic costume and speaks as if he or she lived in the past. According to the ALHFAM, the interpreter employs "a combination of techniques including storytelling, demonstration, question and answer, and discussion." The interpreter "encourages verbal interaction from the audience, and avoids breaking character."[ALFHAM definition] First-person interpretation is also called interactive historical character interpretation or interactive historical role-play. In his analysis of Plimoth Plantation, Eddy Snow called first-person interpretation a sub- discipline of theater, drawing analogies between interpreters and Stanislavskian actors. Also Richard Schechner called first-person interpretation a theater method; placing living history museums in the same line as theme parks. Stacy Roth agrees with a theatrical side, but points at the alternative body of methods and techniques that focus on communication and education. Although it is a blurred genre, with many comparisons, to Roth it is not just a subdivision of theater.
By employing third-person interpretation, the interpreter is dressed historically, but does not assume a character role. The interpreter speaks informative and demonstrative about the past, but from a twenty-first century perspective. The latter method creates less barriers in communication with the visitor than first-person interpretation, but it cannot as effectively show the lifestyle of the period, and give an historical experience. A first-person interpreter cannot step out of character, and thus cannot address modern stereotypes and discuss misconceptions as a third-person interpreter can do. First-person interpretation is far more demanding for interpreters and visitors than third-person interpretation. It requires academic research, communication, education, and performance skills to make it as truthful to the past, and most engaging to the visitor, as possible.
In addition to the use of living history in museums, living history also became a 'folk' movement in which it was used by the people and for the people to recreate the past. Participants try to bring history to life, either for an audience, or for the participants themselves. In the United States, this movement began in the 1930s with the creation of Rifle Associations, and later with the celebrations of the Civil War Centennial and the American Revolution Bicentennial. This form of living history is mainly associated with battle reenactment in diverse historical times. However, recently, it has spread its scope in topic and period. Often this kind of reenactment is pursued as a hobby. However, the line between hobby-reenactment and commercial reenactment is sometimes thin, because museums often invite reenactment groups who recreate the past in addition to professional actors and interpreters. Despite the fact that for many reenacting is a hobby, it aims to be as authentic as possible, and plays a vital role in bringing the past to life, not denying the criticisms that can be given on issues of authenticity.
Stacy Roth, Past into Present- Effective Techniques for First-Person Historical Interpretation (Chapel Hill, London, 1998).
Sten Rentzhog, Open Air Museums: The History and Future of a Visionary Idea (Carlssons, Jamtli, 2007).
David Lowenthal, The Past is a Foreign Country (New York, Cambridge, 1985).
Anderson, 'Living History: Simulating Everyday Life in Living Museums' in: American Quarterly, Vol. 34, No. 3 (1982).
Anderson, 'Living Histories: The Symbiotic Relationship of Living History and Historical Film' in: 'ALHFAM Proceedings of the 1993 Annual Meeting', June 19-23-1993.
Richard Schechner, Between Theater and Anthropology (Philadelphia, 1985).
Eddy Snow, Performing the Pilgrims: A Study of Ethnohistorical Role-Playing at Plimoth Plantation (Jackson, 1993).


text:
Study Reveals an Innovative Way to Manage Hypertension at Home
by Samantha Issac
Research reveals that excessive sugar intake causes diabetes
by Areeba Hussain
What are the Long-term Effects of Fasting?
A recent study published in the journal named Scientific Reports has provided evidence about the benefits of evidence in humans.
A lot of recent studies have proved how caloric restriction in animal models can prolong the lifetime. However, the exact mechanism through which this effect was achieved remained a mystery.
In this recent study, the scientists belonging to the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University struggled to examine its exact effect on metabolism. By studying how fasting impacts the mechanism, the scientists hoped to find different ways how fasting could benefit the human body.
To get answers to these questions, they recruited four volunteers and directed them to fast for 58 hours straight. They then used metabolomics, which includes measuring the metabolites, to check the blood samples of the participants at regular intervals.
What Exactly Happens During Fasting?
As the human body is deprived of food, there are several metabolic changes that take place. Normally in the presence of carbohydrates, the body uses them as fuel to derive energy. However, once their levels decline, the body starts looking for other sources of energy.
This triggers the process of gluconeogenesis in which the body produces glucose from non-carb sources such as fat and amino acids. Scientists can record this process through the assessment of several metabolites in the blood including butyrate and carnitine.
Just as the scientists expected, these metabolites were found in the blood of participants. However, there were a lot of other metabolic changes in their body at the same time which surprised the researchers. For example, there was a significant increase in the products produced through the citric acid cycle.
In addition to this, there was another important and surprising discovery that the scientist came across during their study. They recorded an increase in the amounts of purine and pyrimidine. What's important is that these agents were not previously linked to fasting in any way.
The presence of these chemicals in the bodies of the participants indicate an increase in gene synthesis and protein synthesis. This indicates that fasting forces the body cells to switch up the quantity and type of protein required by them to function properly.
Fasting Increases Anti-aging Compounds
Having high levels of pyrimidine and purine in the body indicates that your body has high levels of antioxidants. In the current study, the scientists noticed a lot of increase in the levels of several antioxidants such as carnosine and ergothioneine.
The same team of researchers in their previous research indicated that the process of aging decreases the number of metabolites in the body. These metabolites particularly include isoleucine, ophthalmic acid, and leucine.
In the recent study, these scientists indicated that the levels of these metabolites increase significantly due to fasting. This phenomenon may help explain the mechanism through which fasting extends the lifespan.
In the four subjects involved in the study, 44 different metabolites were found to be increased during fasting. Out of these metabolites, 14 were linked to fasting before. This led the scientists to believe how fasting induces a metabolically active state that is not provoked previously.
Posted by Samantha Issac
Samantha is a graduate of Medicine with masters in Public Health. Most of her writings are in medicinal tools, technology, and treatments. In addition to that, she is a freelance healthcare writer based in the USA.


text:
Music » The Setlist
Beautiful Music in a Cruel World
by Collin Yeo
Photo by Panda Damian, submitted Insects on the Bough play the Outer Space at 7 p.m. on Saturday, Aug. 17.
Last week was marked by two high-profile deaths. The tragic suicide of troubled songwriter, poet and Silver Jews frontman David Berman, and the there's-no-fucking-way-that-I-will-ever-believe-that-was-a-suicide demise of professional scumbag and alleged child pimp Jeffrey Epstein. And though both of these events happened in New York City, they are worlds apart: The latter has me watching with abjection as the waters of American amnesia pour over a vision of hell like they did with the revelation of the Panama Papers, while the former makes me genuinely sad. This can be a cruel world and no less so for those who document its meanness with the language of the heart and the blood of the soul. Do yourself a favor and check out Mr. Berman's work in the Silver Jews' discography — I recommend starting with American Water for the uninitiated — and make time for the sadder scribes in your own life. Listen to their stories and enjoy their songs because who knows what tomorrow can bring and what outcomes you can change.
Have a beautiful week.
The Outer Space is earning its name by hosting a wild and trippy space jam tonight at 7 p.m. ($7-$20 sliding scale). Oakland's Meerna is a synth-y noise master-act with a sound that lives in the sweet intersection of Analog Street and Electric Avenue, while Mouth Painter from Portland is a weird folk trio full of vocal harmonies, flute, guitar, pedal steel and a singing saw. Between them lies the aesthetic domain of Marty, aka mister moonbeam, a one-man band and three-eyed Roy Rogers. Also on board is San(s) Kazakgascar Solo, Sacramento's Jed Brewer on a band-less death trip into the non-canonical visions of John of Patmos via a litany of drone strings and Middle Eastern scale patterns.
In my mission to report on open mics around the county, I am happy to open your minds to one in the wooded hinterlands between Moonstone Beach and Trinidad. Artist-in-residence Bryan Radzin hosts it at the Westhaven Center for the Performing Arts at 6 p.m. ($2-$5 sliding scale). Bring your snippets of song, pats of poetry and stinky riffs to the intimate stage.
Whew, this is a busy one, so let's not delay. First off, come down to the Creamery a 3 p.m. for day two of the long-weekend Creamery Festival. Today's courtyard shows will include epic sets from local gems Sue and the Namis, Blood Hunny and Oyster Baes. If there's anything better than a musical daydream amid the shops and in the shadow of the beautiful and severe structure that I called "the Batman Building" as a kid, I don't know it.
When the music's over you can walk a few blocks away to the Outer Space where you will find a heavy show at 7 p.m. featuring Portland's political post-punk band Flexing. Also on the bill is Arcata's noise rock act Firstwife, as well as banjo-driven folk-punk band Insects on the Bough ($5-$20 sliding scale).
Finally, tonight at the Siren's Song you can enjoy a diverse-yet-sympatico line-up of high plains drifters Mojave Green and swamp cat gut yowlers Bow-Legged Buzzards as they pound and saw their way through respectively wild sets. The fun starts at 9 p.m., giving you plenty of time to trek across the bay (price TBA).
It's finally here, the long-awaited Lawnstock 2019 is popping off at Perigot Park in Blue Lake. The all-day event starts at 11 a.m., and the line-up is a proper who's-who of local talent: Ghost Train, Dynasty One, Wild Abandon and The Gatehouse Well are among the many groups on display today. The whole shindig is a benefit for Ty-Ty Holt, a young Humboldt lad who has been stricken with a tumor on his brain stem — dreadful to consider at any age. The suggested donation is $15, but this writer would appeal to the generous people of our community to dig deep and help this brave kid out as much as you can. I'm sure his family will appreciate it.
The Miniplex has a showcase of that good, uncut, pure and hip sound for all of you noise tasters out there. The East Coast uber-cool drone duo of Marcia Bassett from Double Leopards and ZaÏmph, and violinist Samara Lubelski will pin you down with the laser focus of great droning majesty in record time. Kaori Suzuki and John Krausbauer from Oakland's psych group Night Collectors are here on a mission of tape loops, layers and squeals. Local pedal chain enthusiast Brian Pyle will represent the discography of his musical avatar Ensemble Economique. 9 p.m. ($5).
Along with open mics, I've also decided to make a mission of pushing various local trivia nights, which, although not live music per se, are certainly music-adjacent inasmuch as there will certainly be pop music references in the questions. Tonight's 9 p.m. trivia night is free at the Savage Henry Comedy Club, where you can participate in a team of up to three to fight for the prize of "most useless information stored in your brain-meats."
Austin, Texas' Origami Ghosts returns to Eureka on a larger West Coast tour which finds it on the stage of Siren's Song tonight at 8 p.m. Joining this band of strange folk will be Blood Hunny and a live music/shadow puppet mash-up by Welcome to Boobeeboo Island. This show is free, free, free.
Full show listings in the Journal's Music and More grid, the Calendar and online. Bands and promoters, send your gig info, preferably with a high-res photo or two, to music@northcoastjournal.com.
Collin Yeo is serious here, the ultra- powerful really just got away with some evil shit this week. He thinks that we should all take notes and look into that. He lives in Arcata.
The Setlist Meerna Mouth Painter mister moonbeam San(s) Kazakgascar Solo Bryan Radzin Sue and the Namis Blood Hunny Oyster Baes Flexing Firstwife Insects on the Bough Mojave Green Bow-Legged Buzzards Ghost Train Dynasty One Wild Abandon The Gatehouse Well Marcia Bassett Samara Lubelski Kaori Suzuki John Krausbauer Ensemble Economique Origami Ghosts Blood Hunny Welcome to Boobeeboo Island


text:
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At KOIT Global Investments, we employ only the most skilled and highly-qualified professionals. Meet the team that helps to change lives in Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee and across the globe:
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A successful venture capitalist and angel investor, Dr. Robbins has invested in many start-up and early stage companies including AISA (American International Syndication Affiliates), WindEnergy, 3-DRs, NeuroNetrix and ZirMed Inc. where he served as the Chairman of the Board from 2004 until 2009. ZirMed was started in 1999 and is a leading provider of web-based revenue cycle management solutions to healthcare providers in the U.S. Dr. Robbins also founded Kentucky Neighborhood Bank, a community bank based in Elizabethtown, KY with assets of over $130 million. As an astute real estate investor, his portfolio includes everything from raw land to a resort-style retirement community, several shopping centers with national brand tenants such as Wal-Mart, Kohl's, Kroger, Wendy's, Chili's, Bob Evans, Rite-Aid, Walgreens and more. A retired board certified surgeon, former chief of surgery and chief of staff at Hardin Memorial Hospital, he obtained his Bachelor of Science from the University of Kentucky, his Doctorate of Medicine from the University of Cincinnati and completed his surgical residency at the University of Louisville.
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An ambitious and creative professional with a broad range of experience in economic development and marketing, Chuck serves as President/Executive Director of KOIT Global Investments, and oversees the daily operations of the regional center and collaborates with the chairman on the overall strategy. Chuck earned his bachelor's degree from Hanover College in Business and Spanish and his MBA from the University of Louisville. He began his career managing a boutique tax/accounting firm tailored to the Hispanic community, and after completing his MBA, became the Director of Investor Services for the Midwest Center for Foreign Investment, a USCIS approved EB-5 Regional Center. Immediately prior to joining KOIT Global Investments, Chuck served as the Business Development and Marketing Lead for Bingham Greenebaum Doll, a well-known Midwestern full-service corporate law firm. He is known for being well connected in the region and is often touted for his diverse abilities. He is an active member of the community and serves on a variety of boards and committees including the Indiana State Chamber of Commerce Economic Development Policy Committee, Kentucky State Chamber of Commerce Public Private Partnerships Workgroup, IIUSA (Association to Invest in the USA) Best Practices Committee, Hanover College Business Scholars Program Advisory Board and Alumni Association Board of Directors, various roles within his local congregation of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and many more.
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CHELSEA voters head to the polls tomorrow to determine how local democratic control will be restored to their city after 33 months of government by a state-mandated receiver.
Three years ago, a $9.5 million budget gap and pervasive political corruption finally drove this already poor city of 28,000 into civic meltdown. Public officials openly discussed the possibility of bankruptcy or annexation to the nearby City of Boston. In September 1991, the Massachusetts legislature placed Chelsea in receivership.
The first state-appointed receiver, James Carlin, cut personnel, consolidated the city's 30 departments and 40 checking accounts, negotiated new contracts with police and firefighters, and brought in professional financial managers. His successor, Lewis Spence, launched an economic development initiative that has generated municipal and private construction projects worth $250 million. Next week, the city breaks ground to rebuild all the city's schools - with the collaboration of Boston University.
But tomorrow's vote represents an effort to solve what may be Chelsea's deepest problem: restoring confidence in the city's ability to govern itself.
Special elections to approve a new city charter are not mandated by the terms of the receivership. Mr. Carlin drafted a new form of governance for the city four months into his term in anticipation of a state requirement to report back to the legislature no later than June 30. But Spence set aside the Carlin draft and hired the Brookline-based mediation firm of Susan Podziba and Associates to oversee public involvement in a new draft charter.
This eight-month consultation involved three rounds of public meetings, a survey of registered voters, call-in cable shows, a charter hotline, and four months of marathon sessions by a 19-member charter-preparation team. ``Nothing has ever been done with this level of public participation in Chelsea's history,'' she adds.
The resulting draft charter would switch from a mayor to a city-manager form of administration, establish clear lines of authority and a code of ethical conduct.
Vocal critics on the Board of Aldermen denounced the process as an illusion. Early in the process, Alderman Marilyn Portnoy held up a copy of the Carlin draft charter at a televised Board of Aldermen meeting and insisted that the December 1991 document proved that the consultations were bogus, that the charter ``was a done deal.'' Alderman Robert Shoemaker was appointed to the charter preparation team but later resigned. ``There was so much emphasis on an appearance of inclusiveness, I thought they would put this through without a vote. So I asked to be removed.'' A June 6 board meeting on whether to go on record approving or disapproving the charter generated such heat that the aldermen called for television cameras to be turned off.


Showing results for tags 'teenager'.
Fall In Love Pretty Easy.. :( Help.
Salam alaykum brothers and sisters. It´s hard for me to start this topic but i´ll try not to say too much! I´m a teenager girl and I have this habit of falling in love pretty easy without even knowing the "guy" and i hate it soo bad! :no: "Todays society" i really want to get away from this "habit" and recently i´m developing feelings for a guy which is not shia, he is sunni and I think about him all day and all night, I kind of love him soo much I want to marry him but I can´t see a future with him and me because it will cause problems. It´s just soo wrong and i can´t control myself. I need to become more religious and i need to know how? If someone could link some lectures it would be nice. I need a life change and I know that Ahlebayt/Islam is the way, I want to depend everything on Allah and just know that he is the one who will never dissapoint me. Jazakk.
I need a duato help someone get ut of prison or get lesser years in prison. Does anyone know of any powerful duas? This boy in prison is only 15 years old and has been sent to adult prison. the crime that he has commited is bad but we are trying to fight his case for himt o at least be sent to juvenile and not adult prison. Please dua for this fifteen year old and dua that the mother can get through this difficult time. All duas appreciated.


This is a longitudinal, observational study of patients with Hemophilia A or B who are planning to switch to a newly approved coagulation factor replacement product, or who have recently switched factor products. The study will follow each patient for up to 1 year. Patients will be recruited at Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTC) which are ATHN-affiliates. The primary outcome being studied is the development of inhibitor (i.e., antibodies to factor) at 1 year or 50 exposure days, whichever comes first. The study will be conducted at approximately 30 HTCs, with a planned enrollment of 600 patients.The entire study duration is projected to be approximately 6 years. In addition, optional substudies will be included for some products, as "Product-Specific Modules". These will be questionnaires to collect data for subjects receiving selected Factor products. For example, subjects receiving Kovaltry will be approached to participate in the 'Kovaltry Product-Specific Module'; subjects receiving Adynovate will be approached to participate in the 'Adynovate Product-Specific Module'. Questions will be related to product use, perceptions of product use, and other post-marketing consumer data.
This is an open-label, single-dose, multi-center, multinational trial to demonstrate the efficacy of AMT-061 and to further describe its safety profile. The study drug is identified as AAV5-hFIXco-Padua (AMT- 061). AMT-061 is a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector of serotype 5 (AAV5) containing the Padua variant of a codon-optimized human FIX complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) under the control of a liver-specific promoter. The pharmaceutical form of AMT-061 is a solution for intravenous infusion administered at a dose of 2 x 1013 gc/kg.
This is an open-label, single-dose, single-arm, multi-center trial, with a screening, a treatment + post-treatment follow-up phase, and a long-term follow-up phase. The IMP AMT-061 is a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector of serotype 5 (AAV5) containing the Padua variant of a codon-optimized human FIX complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) under the control of a liver-specific promoter. The IMP is identified as AAV5-hFIXco-Padua (AMT- 061). The pharmaceutical form of AMT-061 is a solution for intravenous infusion. The administered dose of AMT-061 will be 2 x 1013 gc/kg.
This is a prospective, non-randomized, controlled study to examine whether or not having a higher trough during prophylactic treatment with clotting factor offers better joint protection than the standard trough of 1% Factor IX (FIX or Factor 9). This study will test the hypothesis that an extended half-life (EHL) FIX product with an intended trough of >10% could offer better protection than previous treatment concentrates. This study also examines whether or not joint damage could be diagnosed earlier using ultrasound images.
This clinical trial is being conducted to learn more about a potential treatment (valoctocogene roxaparvovec) for people with severe hemophilia A. This research study will test and confirm the safety and effectiveness of the 4E13 vg/kg dose of the study drug (valoctocogene roxaparvovec) that contains the correct gene to make Factor VIII so that the body can make its own Factor VIII that functions properly. Only one dose of valoctocogene roxaparvovec is being given in this study, and this dose has been previously studied in another clinical trial in patients with hemophilia A. This is a phase 3 study which is meant to show that the study drug is safe and works to help treat hemophilia A. The study will see if liver cells are able to make Factor VIII that functions properly after receiving this study drug. The study will also examine the effects that the study drug has on how much Factor VIII concentrates patients have to inject into their veins and on their bleeding episodes after the study drug has been administered. Finally, the study will see if and how the body responds to the study drug - for example, whether liver cells become inflamed or whether the body makes antibodies (something the immune system makes to protect itself against things like bacteria and viruses) against the vector or the new Factor VIII gene.


Jackie O. Noordwijk | Jackie O.
Read more "New Styles! #beautifulcollection"
Read more "New Fall collection is coming in step by step"
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Read more "With a warm heart, we let you know that Today the Sale will start."
A meeting between the sun and vegetal magic! The travelers' souls for a chic and solaire fall. Pass by and see them all..
Read more "Embrace the Colors of a Paradise – 'GAS' bijoux – earrings & bracelets"


"This is an editor favorite for its inventive illustrations and story that explores the wonders of books. It's great for children beginning to experience the joy of reading independently." - Seira Wilson, Amazon EditorNew York Times best-selling author-illustrator Oliver Jeffers and fine artist Sam Winston deliver a lyrical picture book inspiring readers of all ages to create, to question, to explore, and to imagine.A little girl sails her raft across a sea of words, arriving at the house of a small boy and calling him away on an adventure. Through forests of fairy tales and across mountains of make-believe, the two travel together on a fantastical journey that unlocks the boy's imagination. Now a lifetime of magic and adventure lies ahead of him . . . but who will be next? Combining elegant images by Oliver Jeffers and Sam Winston's typographical landscapes shaped from excerpts of children's classics and lullabies, A Child of Books is a stunning prose poem on the rewards of reading and sharing stories—an immersive and unforgettable reading experience that readers will want to pass on to others.
Strange text messages portend a strange kind of apocalypse...Two brothers find themselves drawn to the only house in the neighborhood not decorated for Halloween...A man returns to his hometown to bury his overbearing mother, and finds more than memories awaiting him in the shadows of his childhood home...A young girl walks a lonely country road, recalling a rhyme that brings with it memories of death...A teenager hoping for romance gets more than he bargained for when the object of his desire introduces him to the object of hers...An aging millionaire awakes buried in a cheap coffin with only a lamp and a bell for company...The son of a woman accused of being a witch accepts the villagers' peace offering at her funeral, but all is not quite as it seems...An old man sits on his porch with his dog and a loaded shotgun, waiting for what's coming out of the cornfield...and a lonely trick-or-treater awakes in a house rumored to be a place of death.From Bram Stoker Award-winning author Kealan Patrick Burke comes the second in his series of seasonal collections. Featuring a brand new story "The Toll", a new introduction, and rounded out by the author's recommended Halloween reading and watching lists, DEAD LEAVES makes for the perfect autumnal read.


text:
Printed from https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/correspondence_with_representati on January 29, 2023 12:28
Correspondence with representatives of the creative industry, Aug 08-09
Phil Bradley made this Freedom of Information request to Department for Business, Innovation and Skills
Phil Bradley
Department for Business, Innovation and Skills
Phil Bradley 15 October 2010
Dear Department for Business, Innovation and Skills,
Good afternoon. May I please be provided with the following?
Correspondence between BIS and representatives of the creative industry relating to:
- copyright (term, reform, enforcement, policy, infringement, piracy, economy, importance, law), or
- a Memorandum of Understanding, or
- the BPI (British Recorded Music Industry/British Phonographic Industry), or
- UK Music, or
- legislative consultation from 16th June 2009,
All from 01/08/2008 to 01/09/2009, with minutes please.
Philippe Bradley
Gettins Tim \(IE\), Department for Business, Innovation and Skills 12 November 2010
Ref No: FOI 10/2227
Dear Mr Bradley
Thank you for your email of 15 October 2010 where you requested
information about correspondence between BIS and representatives of the
creative industry relating to, inter alia, copyright and legislative
consultation, BPI and UK Music and legislative consultation from 16 June
I am writing to advise you that, following a search of our paper and
electronic records, I have established that the information you requested
is not held by this Department.
Some of the information in scope of your request is exempt under Section
21 of the FOIA, because the information is accessible to you, as it is
already in the public domain. The responses to the Consultation on P2P
file sharing can be found on the BIS website at
[1]http://www.bis.gov.uk/policies/business-....
You might find it helpful to refine your request if there is still
information you particularly wish to obtain; for example, representations
from a particular organisation or institution where a consultation
response has not been published. We would be happy to consider any revised
If you are dissatisfied with the handling of your request, you have the
right to ask for an internal review. Internal review requests should be
submitted within two months of the date of receipt of the response to your
original letter and should be addressed to me.
If you are not content with the outcome of the internal review, you have
the right to apply directly to the Information Commissioner for a
decision. The Information Commissioner can be contacted at: Information
Commissioner's Office, Wycliffe House, Water Lane, Wilmslow, Cheshire, SK9
Please remember to quote the reference number above in any future
Tim Gettins
Tim Gettins, Policy Adviser
Digital Content & Creative Industries
Department for Business, Innovation & Skills
Communications via the GSi may be automatically logged, monitored and/or
recorded for legal purposes.
1. http://www.bis.gov.uk/policies/business-...
Phil Bradley 22 November 2010
Dear Mr Gettins,
Thank you for what must have been a time-consuming search of paper and electronic records. Thank you also for your offer to consider a revised request. I have tried to be more specific with the following description of information sought.
In looking for 'correspondence', the following was meant: letters, emails, telephone conversations (attendance notes / minutes thereof if possible, timings/number if not).
By 'BIS', it was meant: BIS (or DIUS+BERR in the relevant period) staff or ministers/ with relevant responsibilities.
By 'Representatives of the creative industry', may I suggest the following bodies as appropriate examples? Please feel free to exclude those you consider to not be part of this request.
Alliance Against IP Theft
Anti Counterfeiting Group
Anti-Copying in Design
BPI (British Recorded Music Industry) Limited
British Brands Group
British Jewellery and Giftware Federation
British Music Rights
British Screen Advisory Council (BSAC)
British Video Association
Business Software Alliance (BSA)
Cinema Exhibitors Association
Copyright Licensing Agency
Design and Artists Copyright Society (DACS)
Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association
Entertainment Retailers Association
Featured Artist Coalition
Federation Against Copyright Theft
Federation Against Software Theft (FAST)
Film Distributors Association
Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys
Luther Pendragon
Motion Picture Association
Musictank
PPL (London based UK music industry service company)
Publishers Licensing Society
Respect for Film
SoundCopyright
The Publishers Association
The request then gave search topics; would it help to provide you with some suggestions as to useful search terms, or do you have your own ideas as to how these can be investigated?
Certainly, where a consultation response has not been published, it might be appropriate to include this in the response, but I am after recorded details of communications, more generally.
I appreciate the work that goes into filling these requests tremendously. Please do let me know if I can be of further assistance. Yours sincerely,
FOI Requests, Department for Business, Innovation and Skills 26 November 2010
BIS ref: 10/2471
Dear Mr Bradley,
Thank you for your narrowed request sent to Tim Gettins which was received
on 22 November. Your request has been passed on to the appropriate
official at the Department of Business, Innovation and Skills to deal
with.
Your request is being dealt with under the terms of the Freedom of
Information Act 2000 and will be responded at the latest by 20 December.
If you have any queries about this email, please contact the information
rights unit at BIS. Please remember to quote the reference number above in
any future communications.
Information Rights Unit
Information Rights Unit | Department for Business, Innovation & Skills |
Orchard 3, 1st Floor, 1 Victoria Street, London, SW1H OET|
[1]www.bis.gov.uk
The Department for Business, Innovation & Skills (BIS) is building a
dynamic and competitive UK economy by creating the conditions for business
success; promoting innovation, enterprise and science; and giving everyone
the skills and opportunities to succeed. To achieve this we will foster
world-class universities and promote an open global economy. BIS -
Phil Bradley 2 February 2011
I note that you said that this request would be responded to by 20th December 2010. Any update?
I should of course wish you a happy new year!
Phil Bradley 4 April 2011
I am writing to request an internal review of Department for Business, Innovation and Skills's handling of my FOI request 'Correspondence with representatives of the creative industry, Aug 08-09'.
It has been many months since you have failed to deal with the request on time. I appreciate the workloads of FOI officers but the stalling is improper and raises the suspicion that you are deliberately withholding information of key importance to significant ongoing policy deliberations with potentially negative implications for civilians in the UK, the aim being to stifle a properly informed public debate on the matter.
A full history of my FOI request and all correspondence is available on the Internet at this address:
http://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/co...
Please acknowledge receipt of previous (unanswered) emails and what complexity has arisen that could explain such a delay. Based on the content of that acknowledgement, I shall evaluate the appropriateness of a complaint to the ICO and/or the Permanent Secretary.
BALCHIN, Patrick, 8 April 2011
Phil Bradley reply.doc
Please see attached a letter regarding your FoI cases
Patrick Balchin
Telecoms and Internet, Information economy
Department of Culture, media and Sport,
2-4 Cockspur Street,
e-mail : [email address]
www.culture.gov.uk
Phil Bradley 12 April 2011
Dear Mr Balchin,
So far as I know, the FOI Act does not make allowance for keeping IR requesters in the dark for months on end, especially when the only stated reason is departmental reorg tomfoolery.
I note a judgement is still awaited in the first instance judicial review of the Digital Economy Act. To be straightforward, I shall air my suspicion that BIS and DCMS are deliberately withholding evidence showing absence of departmental impartiality when it conducted the Impact Assessment challenged in that case, at least until judgement is entered.
Unless I can be of further assistance (in addition to the refinements to my original query, provided at the request of Mr Gettins, above) in this matter or the other outstanding IRs (listed here: http://www.whatdotheyknow.com/user/phil_... ), then I propose to escalate these matters before the end of this week.
BALCHIN, Patrick, 24 June 2011
1455 001.pdf
Please see the attached letter regarding your internal review.
Phil Bradley 24 June 2011
This draft reply to an internal review relates to a different internal review to the one displayed at http://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/49.... This may be a technical error, or simply an understadable human error given that my requests share a common topic and line of enquiry (albeit different scope). I'm not sure I was meant to be sent a draft, either.
Thank you for your e-mail.
We are trying to move the reply to the correct query. Unfortunately it is difficult as it requires a BIS e-mail address and , after the move to DCMS, we only have DCMS e-mail addresses available to us now. I have asked the team at WDTK to see if they can place the reply with the right query.
Equally, please disregard the draft statement at the beginning of the reply. This was just an oversight in the final editing of the document.
One again please accept my sincere apologies for these unfortunate errors.
Thank you for the e-mail.
I would be grateful if you could send me an alternative e-mail address, by reply to this request rather than via What Do They Know, so that we can send you the replies to the other outstanding cases. Please note that the as the cases were sent to BIS,the WDTK website requires replies to come from a BIS e-mail address. Unfortunately, after the move to DCMS, our BIS addresses have now been closed and consequently we are unable to send responses directly to FoI requests sent to BIS via "What Do They Know".
My e-mail address is [email address]
I have asked the team at WDTK, to redirect the replies as necessary but have not had a reply yet. It would be easier if I had an alternative e-mail address that I could use to direct the appropriate replies to you and you could place on the WDTK website as appropriate. We will, of course, respect your confidentiality.
FINAL response to Phil Bradley Ed Vaizey meetings FoI case 10 2227 27June2011 2 3.pdf
FINAL response to Phil Bradley FoI case 10 2471 27June2011 1.pdf
Due to the problems with the routes to the individual requests, and the continuing inablility that I face from placing the approprpriate reply to the appropriate request, please find attached details of three of the four internal reviews to your Freedom of Information requests. The fourth, relating to correspondence between Lord Mandelson and BIS officials, will be issued as soon as we have secured permission from Lord Mandelson for the release of material. Please accept our apologies for this.
Please accept my apologies for this situation. We have tried to find an easier solution than this one that would enable to access the reviews but unfortunately have not been able to do so.
Please let me know if you have any further problems accessing these files. My contact details are attached,
Please note that I have sent a copy of this e-mail to Nicola Humphries at the Information Commissioner's Office.
Department of Culture, Media & Sport
2-4 Cockspur Street
SW1Y 5DH
BALCHIN, Patrick, 28 July 2011
Burke joint policy statement 11.pdf
LUCIAN GRAINGE 4.pdf
FINAL reply to mandelson FoI 10 2228 pdf version.pdf
Dear Mr Bradley cc Nicola Humphries, ICO
We have received clearance from Lord Mandelson's office for the release of the attached material relating to you Freedom of Information request. This is attached. Please accept my apologies for the time taken to resolve this case and get a substantive reply to you.
I have sent a copy of this reply to the ICO as requested.
John Cross left an annotation ( 3 August 2011 )
The article links to this request: https://torrentfreak.com/censorship-fail...
Meetings with representatives of the creative industry, Aug 08-09
Correspondence between BIS and representatives of the creative industry, Aug 08-09
Ed Vaizey recent meetings with creative industry re. Digital Economy Act
Directory of Graduates publication for 2013, 2014 and 2015
HM Prison Service
From which government, NGO or Private companies do universities receive funding' for research?
Reading lists, course syllabus and past papers for MSt English Literature
Course materials and past exam papers for the MA in Arts management,policy and practice
Reading lists, course syllabus and set texts for MSt and Mphil English Literature
Request syllabus and course details for MPhil in English Studies


Modifying and repainting toy guns and props is super handy for cosplay! Browse through your local second-hand store in the toy isle and look for cool looking Nerf guns or toy parts that can be combined into new shapes.
If you plan on taking your modified toy to a convention, make sure to read the convention's weapon policy rules on their website. Some conventions don't allow projectiles or realistic looking guns.
This is one of my very first "faux finshing" prop projects.


text:
Celebrities Dating History Who is Pierce Brosnan Dating Now?
Who is Pierce Brosnan Dating Now?
Irish Movie Actor
Pierce Brendan Brosnan
Drogheda, Ireland
Ahead, we take a look at who is Pierce Brosnan dating now, who has he dated, Pierce Brosnan's wife, past relationships and dating history. We will also look at Pierce's biography, facts, net worth, and much more.
Who is Pierce Brosnan dating?
Pierce Brosnan is currently married to Keely Shaye Brosnan. The couple started dating in 1994 and have been together for around 27 years, 9 months, and 8 days.
The Irish Movie Actor was born in Drogheda, Ireland on May 16, 1953. James Bond star who played the classic spy in four films: GoldenEye, Tomorrow Never Dies, The World Is Not Enough and Die Another Day. He also played Mr. Brunner in the 2010 film Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief.
As of 2022, Pierce Brosnan's wife is Keely Shaye Brosnan. They began dating sometime in 1994. He is a Capricorn and she is a N/A. The most compatible signs with Taurus are considered to be Cancer, Virgo, Capricorn, and Pisces, while the least compatible signs with Taurus are generally considered to be Leo and Aquarius. Keely Shaye Brosnan is N/A years old, while Pierce is 68 years old. According to CelebsCouples, Pierce Brosnan had at least 9 relationship before this one. He has not been previously engaged.
Pierce Brosnan and Keely Shaye Brosnan have been dating for approximately 27 years, 9 months, and 8 days.
Fact: Pierce Brosnan is turning 69 years old in . Be sure to check out top 10 facts about Pierce Brosnan at FamousDetails.
About Pierce Brosnan's wife
Keely Shaye Brosnan
Pierce Brosnan's wife, Keely Shaye Brosnan was born on N/A in . She is currently N/A years old and her birth sign is N/A. Keely Shaye Brosnan is best known for being a Spouse. She was also born in the Year of the N/A.
Who has Pierce Brosnan dated?
Like most celebrities, Pierce Brosnan tries to keep his personal and love life private, so check back often as we will continue to update this page with new dating news and rumors.
Pierce Brosnan wifes: Pierce Brosnan was previously married to Cassandra Harris (1980 – 1991). He had at least 9 relationship before Keely Shaye Brosnan. Pierce Brosnan has not been previously engaged. Pierce Brosnan has been in relationships with Kathryn Kinley (1993 – 1994), Tatjana Patitz (1993), Julianne Phillips (1992 – 1993), Barbara Orbison (1989), Brenda K. Starr and Denice D. Lewis. We are currently in process of looking up information on the previous dates and hookups.
Online rumors of Pierce Brosnans's dating past may vary. While it's relatively simple to find out who's dating Pierce Brosnan, it's harder to keep track of all his flings, hookups and breakups. It's even harder to keep every celebrity dating page and relationship timeline up to date. If you see any information about Pierce Brosnan is dated, please let us know.
Pierce Brosnan has had an encounter with Denise Beaumont.
Relationship Statistics of Pierce Brosnan
What is Pierce Brosnan marital status?
Pierce Brosnan is married to Keely Shaye Brosnan.
How many relationships did Pierce Brosnan have?
Pierce Brosnan had at least 9 relationships in the past.
How many children does Pierce Brosnan have?
He has 5 children.
Is Pierce Brosnan having any relationship affair?
Pierce Brosnan Biography
Pierce Brosnan was born on a Saturday, May 16, 1953 in Drogheda, Ireland. His birth name is Pierce Brendan Brosnan and she is currently 68 years old. People born on May 16 fall under the zodiac sign of Taurus. His zodiac animal is Serpent.
Pierce Brendan Brosnan OBE is an Irish actor, film producer, and activist. In addition to being an Irish citizen, Brosnan is a naturalized American citizen. After leaving comprehensive school at age 16, Brosnan began training in commercial illustration, then went on to train at the Drama Centre in London for three years. Following a stage acting career he rose to popularity in the television series Remington Steele and the comedy Mrs. Doubtfire (1993).
He was raised Catholic and served as an altar boy. He made his film debut as Edward O'Grady in the 1979 TV movie, Murphy's Stroke.
Continue to the next page to see Pierce Brosnan net worth, popularity trend, new videos and more.


My Brooklyn garden–still very much a work in progress–is featured in the Spring issue of Leaf magazine. Click on the Leaf cover above to read and subscribe to Leaf. Click on any images below to enlarge them.
I've just been reading it. I subscribe to 'dirt du jour' who mentioned Leaf magazine and there you were. I guess they were spot on as they state the Conservancy open days for Fed Twist followed by 'the Brooklyn garden remains private and secluded'. Exactly.
Rob, merely a rhetorical turn to bring it to an end. You're welcome whenever you come to hip and happening Brooklyn. I was happy Susan mentioned the Open Days dates. And it was nice to see the Garden Conservancy's ad for Open Days immediately following. Now I have to find 'dirt du jour'. Hope it's not in French.
I have looked at and studied both of your gardens in such detail online that I instantly recognized the Brooklyn space in the magazine. I was not reading the words, just leafing through (leafing thru Leaf. . . ) and I saw the photos and immediately knew it was your garden, and your own photos too.
I love how very different the country garden and the city garden are, but they both have your designer imprint that stresses imposed structure and easy flow. How great that your private garden was featured!
Thanks, Laurrie. I can't see the similarity myself, but I'm probably too close to the gardens to be a valid judge. Brooklyn does satisfy my need for some right angles and parallel lines in my life.
I love the very subtle fountain bubbler, which I think you're added since you last posted about the garden. I hope the little trees are doing well.
I tried out the fountain bubbler, then removed it. I find I much prefer the subtle shimmer of the still water moved by breezes. But I do admit it makes for a better photograph, so will keep it in reserve. The Gleditsia I took so much trouble to find are doing well, though they need stronger trunks to support the canopies that want to develop. I had to cut them back several times. I'll work to grow taller before spreading out.
Congratulations James! The garden and photos look great. It's nice to have this printed record of your project.
Thanks, Wanda. I was fortunate Hurricane Irene took that giant tree down (at a removal cost of $8500). We never would have made that costly decision voluntarily. It was good to work from a blank slate. I don't think this garden will begin to look as intended for at least two years, but this is a nice record to have. And having it publicly "exposed" so to speak, drives my decision making process in a new way.
writing community to publicly acknowledge your talent.
Thank you very much, Allan. I, of course, see the flaws and look forward to two years in the future when it's more finished, the walls are covered with vines, and the trees have grown into, well, trees.
Congratulations on completing the garden and on the article. They both look good.
Thanks. The planting is only about ten months old and will be changing significantly this spring, depending on what survived and what I can afford. I took your advice and mulched the hell out of my Tetrapanax 'Steroidal Giant'.
Yes, Faisal. There's the conceptual goal of finishing, but it's an illusion. The garden really is a collection of living organisms (some are invisible, under the soil) in some kind of structured environment, no matter how naturalistic, and living things change continuously.
Thanks, Calvin. Can't say I'm comfortable with that word "acclaim," but I appreciate the thought.


text:
Southern banjo sounds, (electronic resource)
The Resource Southern banjo sounds, (electronic resource)
The item Southern banjo sounds, (electronic resource) represents a specific, individual, material embodiment of a distinct intellectual or artistic creation found in Boston University Libraries.
Seeger, Mike, 1933-2009
Alexander Street Press
Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Folkways, p1998
1 online resource (Streaming audio.)
A survey of traditional Southern banjo techniques and styles, played solo on a variety of 23 mostly vintage banjos
Historical and descriptive notes by Mike Seeger, with bibliography and discography (23 + [6] p. : ill.) inserted in container
Previously published as compact disc
Smithsonian Folkways: SFW 40107 (on container: SFW CD 40107)
Soon in the morning babe (1:21)
Josh Thomas's roustabout (2:39)
Jim crack corn (2:14)
Darling Cora (3:49)
Devil's dream (1:51)
Little birdie (3:21)
Around the world (2:21)
Whoopin' up cattle (3:00)
Flop eared mule (1:46)
Lost gander (2:19)
The sailor and the soldier (1:57)
American Spanish fandango (2:10)
Got no silver nor gold blues (2:21)
We're up against it now (2:30)
That's what the old bachelor's made out of (2:36)
The last of Callahan (1:47)
Lady Gay (3:42)
Down South blues (2:47)
Last night when my Willie came home (3:22)
Wabash blues (2:00)
Bright sunny South (2:54)
Roll on John (3:10)
Needlecase (1:30)
Come my little pink (2:42)
Battle in the horseshoe (1:24)
I'm head over heels in love (2:23)
Southern banjo sounds
Ethnic music recordings -- Southern states
Folk music -- United States
Music -- United States
Folk music -- Southern States
American song
ALSTP
Seeger, Mike
M1629.6.S6
S44 2010
Mike Seeger, banjo
Ethnic music recordings
file reproduced from original
Soon in the morning babe (1:21) -- Josh Thomas's roustabout (2:39) -- Jim crack corn (2:14) -- Darling Cora (3:49) -- Devil's dream (1:51) -- Little birdie (3:21) -- Around the world (2:21) -- Whoopin' up cattle (3:00) -- Flop eared mule (1:46) -- Lost gander (2:19) -- The sailor and the soldier (1:57) -- American Spanish fandango (2:10) -- Got no silver nor gold blues (2:21) -- We're up against it now (2:30) -- That's what the old bachelor's made out of (2:36) -- The last of Callahan (1:47) -- Lady Gay (3:42) -- Down South blues (2:47) -- Last night when my Willie came home (3:22) -- Wabash blues (2:00) -- Bright sunny South (2:54) -- Roll on John (3:10) -- Needlecase (1:30) -- Come my little pink (2:42) -- Battle in the horseshoe (1:24) -- I'm head over heels in love (2:23)
SFW 40107
SFW CD 40107

 Data from Southern banjo sounds, (electronic resource) - Boston University Libraries

Data Citation of the Item Southern banjo sounds, (electronic resource)
http://link.bu.edu/portal/Southern-banjo-sounds-electronic/mbv3T3VoZEQ/
http://library.link/portal/Southern-banjo-sounds-electronic/mbv3T3VoZEQ/


text:
Fossil Focus: Seals, sea lions and walruses
Volume 5 | Article 9
By Morgan Churchill*1
Pinnipeds (seals, sea lions and walruses) make up the second most numerous group of marine mammals (behind whales), with 35 species found throughout the world's oceans and in several freshwater lakes. They are represented by 3 living families: the Phocidae (earless seals; 19 species), found around the globe; the Otariidae (sea lions and fur seals; 15 species), restricted to the North Pacific and Southern Hemisphere; and the Odobenidae (walrus; 1 species), confined to the Arctic. Two additional extinct families are recognized: the Desmatophocidae and the Enaliarctidae of the North Pacific. Pinnipeds show a variety of adaptations for aquatic living, including flippers for moving through water, changes in teeth related to capturing and feeding on slippery fish and squid and adaptations to allow deep diving. They differ from the other major groups of marine mammals (for example, manatees and whales) in that although they are highly adapted to an aquatic existence, they must return to land for breeding. This has led to the development of elaborate breeding behaviours and vast differences in body size between males and females in many species (a phenomenon referred to as sexual dimorphism). Fossil pinnipeds have been identified from every continent apart from Antarctica (Fig. 1), with a fossil record extending at least as far back as the late Oligocene epoch (around 27 million years ago, Fig. 2).
Figure 1 — Locations of fossil pinniped discoveries around the world. Map produced using the online palaeogeographic map creator tool designed by John Alroy and available at fossilworks.org. Data used to generate map available at www.paleobiodb.org.
Figure 2 — Consensus phylogeny of Pinnipedimorpha. Solid vertical lines represent recorded stratigraphic ranges of lineages through the Cenozoic period (from 66 million years ago to today), from first to last appearance. Dashed lines represent hypothetical stratigraphic ranges. Question marks represent uncertain relationships; names in parentheses represent groups that may not share common ancestry.
Seal origins
The origin of the pinnipeds and their relationships to other carnivores have been controversial. All studies agree that pinnipeds belong to the Arctoidea, a group of carnivores that contains bears, weasels and raccoons. Traditionally, pinnipeds were considered to have separate origins within Arctoidea, with odobenids and otariids more closely related to bears, whereas phocids were thought to be more closely related to otters. More recently, independent studies of genes and bones indicate that the different pinniped families are each other's closest relatives, and that they share a single origin.
The closest living relatives of pinnipeds are still debated. Studies that rely on genes have found that the Musteloidea, a group of carnivores that contains weasels, skunks, raccoons and red pandas, are the closest living relatives of pinnipeds. By contrast, studies that have looked at anatomy suggest that pinnipeds' closest living relatives are bears. Even less is known about which fossil carnivore groups are most closely related to pinnipeds. Possible close fossil relatives include the otter bear Kolponomos, the otter-like semantorids and Puijila, and the bear-dog Amphicyonodon.
Fossil seal diversity
The oldest creatures known for sure to be pinnipeds belong to the Enaliarctidae. This group does not represent a true family, but rather an assemblage of fossil groups, or taxa, ancestral to the later pinniped families (Figs 2 and 3). This group includes the fossil seals Enaliarctos, Pteronarctos, Pacificotaria and Pinnarctidion; all of these species are known from the latest Oligocene and early Miocene epoch (30-16 million years ago, Fig. 2) of Washington, Oregon, California, and Japan. Enaliarctids possess a variety of features found in later-occurring pinnipeds, such as flippers, but still have teeth similar to those of terrestrial carnivores.
Figure 3 — Block containing the skeleton of Enaliarctos mealsi, one of the oldest known enaliarctine seals. Specimen housed at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington D.C. Photograph by author.
The other extinct group of pinnipeds is the Desmatophocidae, which inhabited the North Pacific from the early to late Miocene (9-23 million years ago, Fig. 4). This family includes the relatively well-known fossil seals Allodesmus and Desmatophoca. They were the first pinnipeds to achieve massive body sizes and may have filled a niche similar to that of modern sea lions and elephant seals. They are believed to be closely related to earless seals, although other studies have argued for a closer relationship with the group that includes sea lions and walruses.
Figure 4 — Skull of Allodesmus kernensis, a gigantic desmatophocid seal from the middle Miocene of California. Specimen housed at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History in Los Angeles, CA. Photograph by author.
The walruses (Odobenidae) first appear in the early Miocene. Walruses were important parts of North Pacific marine-mammal communities, and unlike today were present in temperate and subtropical waters. Genetic data suggests that they are most closely related to the Otariidae, although studies of anatomy have supported a close relationship with the Phocidae. Through much of the Miocene and Pliocene epochs (around 23 million years ago to 2.6 million years ago; Fig. 2) they were the dominant pinniped family in the North Pacific. They are represented by three main groups. The oldest is the imagotarines (Fig. 5), an assemblage of walruses that were superficially similar to sea lions, and gave rise to the other two main groups of walruses. This group includes a wide variety of fossil taxa, ranging from the relatively small and sea-lion-like Proneotherium, Neotherium and Imagotaria, to the gigantic Pontolis. These walruses were restricted to the Miocene of the North Pacific. A second, now extinct, radiation of walruses, which evolved during the late Miocene, was made up of the dusignathines, represented by Gomphotaria (Fig. 6) and Dusignathus. These were very large, and their most distinctive features were prominent tusks in both the upper and lower tooth rows. The dusignathine walruses survived through the Pliocene, restricted to the North Pacific. The final group of walruses, the Odobeninae or true walruses, appears in the late Miocene. These walruses possessed prominent tusks used in combat between males. They also show the greatest adaptation towards feeding by sucking the prey into the mouth, with extreme simplification of the teeth, which reaches its extreme in the nearly toothless walrus Valenictus. Unlike the earlier groups of walruses, odobenines dispersed out of the North Pacific, into the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic, where they are represented by the living Odobenus and the extinct Ontocetus, respectively.
Figure 5 — An assortment of Miocene imagotariine walruses. From left to right: Proneotherium repenningi, Neotherium mirum and Imagotaria downsi. Specimens housed at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History in Los Angeles, CA. Photograph by author.
Figure 6 — The giant dusignathine walrus Gomphotaria pugnax, from the late Miocene of California. Specimen housed at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History in Los Angeles, CA. Photograph by author.
Fur seals and sea lions first appear in the middle Miocene of the North Pacific and are represented by Eotaria. Otariids diversified in the Pliocene, although they remained comparatively rare as well as small in body size, in contrast to contemporary dusignathine and odobenine walruses. The first otariids may have hunted in the open ocean, based on their rarity and the offshore environments from which fossils have been recovered. Other fossil taxa include the extinct Pithanotaria and Thalassoleon, as well as taxa allied to the extant northern fur seal Callorhinus and Steller's sea lion Eumetopias. During the latest Miocene and early Pliocene, otariids expanded into the Southern Hemisphere, thanks to increased productivity and falling sea surface temperatures in equatorial waters, where they rapidly diversified.
The oldest earless seals are known from the middle Miocene of the North Atlantic and North Africa, represented by Leptophoca, Monotherium and Afrophoca. However, more-controversial fossils exist for the late Oligocene. Unlike the above pinniped groups, phocids are completely unknown from the North Pacific before the latest Pliocene. Two main groups of phocid are known, and both were already present during the middle Miocene. These groups are the Monachinae, which are represented by the elephant, monk, and Antarctic seals; and the Phocinae, which include bearded, hooded, and harbour seals. The North American and European phocid fossil record is relatively sparse and poorly studied, and many species are known only from isolated limb bones. Their fossil record is better in the Southern Hemisphere, which phocids reached during the Miocene. Excellent fossil material exists for the South American Acrophoca (Fig. 7), Piscophoca, and Hadrokirus, as well as the African Homiphoca.
Figure 7 — The South American fossil seal Acrophoca longirostris, one of the best-known fossil earless seals. Specimen housed at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington D.C. Photograph by author.
Pinniped breeding behaviour
One of the most fascinating aspects of modern seal biology is the variety of breeding behaviours that different groups use. Some seals, such as elephant seals and northern fur seals, use elaborate harem breeding systems, where males battle for control of territory and groups of females (Fig. 8). In seals that use these breeding systems, males are much larger than females. Such differences in body size, termed sexual dimorphism, have been a frequent topic of interest in pinniped palaeoecology. Other seals do not have harems, and the males and females are of similar size. Some seals use breeding displays to attract mates; examples include the elaborate nose sacks of hooded seals (Cystophora cristata), or the underwater vocalizations of Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii).
Figure 8 — Male versus male combat over mates is a common breeding behaviour in seals, such as these New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri). Evidence from the fossil record suggests that fossil seals had similar behaviour. Photograph by author.
Sexual dimorphism has been documented in some fossil walruses, earless seals, desmatophocids, and, most recently, the earliest known pinniped relatives, Enaliarctos. This suggests that harem breeding and male versus male combat for mates appeared very early in pinniped evolution. It also suggests that harem breeding has evolved independently multiple times across different pinniped groups.
Diet and foraging behaviour of fossil seals
Much research has focused on interpreting the diet and feeding behaviour of fossil pinnipeds. Unlike their land-living relatives, pinnipeds have simplified teeth, which are of no use in chewing. Instead, teeth are used in feeding only to hold prey. This is referred to as pierce feeding.
In general, four main methods of feeding have been recognized. The most common type is raptorial feeding, in which pinnipeds use their teeth to bite and hold prey before swallowing it whole. This is present in a wide variety of fossil seals, including desmatophocids and enaliarctids, and probably represents the earliest feeding style for the group.
The second most common feeding method is suction feeding, in which prey is sucked directly into the mouth, with no use of teeth. Several pinnipeds show extreme adaptations towards this feeding style, especially the living walrus, although it is likely that most seals can also suction feed small prey to some extent. Suction feeding has been identified in many fossil walruses, and suggested for the fossil desmatophocid Allodesmus.
Filter feeding is found in the living crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophaga), which uses specialized teeth to strain krill from the water column. Finally, grip-and-tear feeding is restricted to the living leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx), which uses its sharp teeth and prominent canines to rip chunks of flesh from larger prey, including penguins and other seals. Neither of these two feeding styles has been documented in fossil pinnipeds.
Pinniped palaeontology: unresolved questions
Although every year brings new fossil discoveries and studies that clarify the evolution and biology of fossil seals, much is still unknown. For instance, we do not have a good understanding of which terrestrial carnivores in the fossil record are most closely related to seals. This has prevented scientists from addressing where seals originated, as well as whether they evolved in tropical or cold climates, or freshwater or marine environments. The evolution of some seal groups is still poorly known, in particular for fur seals and sea lions as well as earless seals. Finally, many basic questions regarding the origins of aquatic adaptation still need to be addressed, ranging from the origin of the unique 'caterpillar-like' movement of earless seals on land to the role of environmental change in influencing seal diversity and extinction, and the evolution of deep diving and sensory adaptations for underwater foraging. Future work will address these concerns, and provide a more complete picture of the evolution of modern marine mammal communities.
Adam, P. J. & Berta, A. Evolution of prey capture strategies and diet in the Pinnipedimorpha (Mammalia, Carnivora). Oryctos 4, 83–107 (2002). Link
Berta, A. & Adam, P. J. Evolutionary biology of Pinnipeds. In Secondary Adaptation of Tetrapods to Life in Water: Proceedings of the International Meeting Poiters, 1996 (eds Mazin, J. M. & de Buffrénil, V.) pp. 235–258 (Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2001).
Berta, A. & Wyss, A. R. Pinniped Phylogeny. In Contributions in Marine Mammal Paleontology Honoring Frank C. Whitmore, Jr.: Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History (eds Berta, A. & Deméré, T. A.) pp. 33–56 (San Diego Society of Natural History, 1994).
Churchill, M. & Clementz, M. T. Functional implications of variation in tooth spacing and crown size in Pinnipedimorpha (Mammalia: Carnivora). Anatomical Record 298, 878–902 (2015). DOI: 10.1002/ar.23082
Churchill, M., Clementz, M. T. & Kohno, N. Cope's rule and the evolution of body size in Pinnipedimorpha. Evolution 69, 201–215 (2014). DOI: 10.1111/evo.12560
Deméré, T. A., Berta, A. & Adam, P. Pinnipedimorph evolutionary biogeography. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 13, 32–76 (2003). Link
Repenning, C. A. Adaptive evolution of sea lions and walruses. Systematic Zoology 25, 375–390 (1976). DOI: 10.2307/2412512
Rybczynski, N., Dawson, M. R. & Tedford, R. H. A semi-aquatic Arctic mammalian carnivore from the Miocene epoch and origin of Pinnipedia. Nature 458, 1021–1024 (2009). DOI: 10.1038/nature07985
1New York Institute of Technology, Department of Anatomy, P.O. Box 8000, Old Westbury, NY 11568
Tagged Morgan Churchill
How to Reference this Article:
Churchill, M. 2015. Fossil Focus: Seals, sea lions and walruses. Palaeontology Online, Volume 5, Article 9.
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YAPHANK, N.Y. (CBSNewYork/AP) — Police have released a composite sketch of an unidentified victim whose remains were among 11 found along a remote New York beach highway last year.
The sketch released Saturday is of a woman whose partial remains were found along Ocean Parkway in April 2011.
Suffolk County police say other remains of the same person were found separately on Blue Point Beach, Fire Island, in April 1996.
Investigators believe a possible serial killer is responsible for 10 of the bodies.
The remains of the 11th victim — a 24-year-old woman named Shannan Gilbert — were found in late December. Authorities say Gilbert accidentally drowned.
Anyone with information on the investigation or the woman's identity is asked to contact the Homicide Squad at 631-852-6392 or to call anonymously to Crime Stoppers at 1-800-220-TIPS. All calls will remain confidential.


The shading, the colors... amazing!
holy FRICKERS this is gorgeously painted and the lighting+colours+pose is very dynamic!!
Wow, it came out so beautiful, amazing work!
Ninetales is my favorite gen 1 pokémon, one of the most beautiful and elegant designs they've ever made.
Can I make some of your art into paintings in the Sims 2? I'll link back to your posts and give you full credit for the art and I'm not putting them on one of those paysites or nothing and getting money off of them or anythign like that.
I like your coloring style. It's got a rough, solid feel, without being too rough.
Very lovely lighting on this!
Wow! That's amazing. What sort of software do you use?
More tails the better. Just love foxes.
you have my fav and my watch!
Really great version you have!
My favorite Pokemon! Love the way you color!
The commission is a master piece!
I like how you get great effects in your drawing.
And I bet the person was rejoiced after seeing this artwork!
did you base the pose on a reference or did you do it from memory?
Nice its so nice that I'm using it on wallpaper on my phone.
This is certainly EX-card quality!
One of my favorite Kanto Pokemon!
Wow, I really love your style her! The coloring and shading is very well done. The pose and background is very nice. Amazing work.
Soo pretty. Would love to have it as a pet. Love those tails.


1. A graphic illustration of hearing sensitivity. An audiogram depicts hearing levels (in dB) at different frequencies (Hz) of sound.
A deficiency in the way the brain processes verbal/auditory information. Children and adults that have CAPD often struggle to understand the meaning of what is being said to them. Some people are born with CAPD whereas; other people acquire it later in life.
Also called a stroke. Damage to part of the brain due to a disturbance in the blood supply.
Reduced hearing acuity from diminished ability to conduct sound through the outer or middle ear; often due to abnormalities of the external ear canal, eardrum, or ossicular chain.
A loss of brain function that occurs with certain diseases. It affects memory, thinking, language, judgment, and behavior.
A fitting designed to conduct amplified sound from the receiver of a hearing aid into the ear.
A tube that connects the nasopharynx and the middle ear. It equalizes pressure in the middle ear with atmospheric pressure.
A tiny electroacoustic device which can be fit by an certified Audiologist in or behind the patients ear, and is designed to safely amplify and modulate sound to achieve better hearing.
Resistance to a vibratory source of energy. Resistance may be acoustic, mechanical, or electric. In impedance audiometry, impedance of air pressure and air volume differences are measured to detect conductive hearing loss and middle ear pathology.
A disease of the inner ear characterized by progressive sensorineural hearing loss in the affected ear, recurrent dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, and/or vomiting.
A hearing loss with conductive and sensorineural components.
The three small bones of the middle ear (incus, malleus, and stapes). Also referred to as the ossicular chain.
An infection of the middle ear frequently acquired by children and often associated with upper respiratory infection. There are three varieties: Acute otitis media: A sudden onset of otitis media caused by an infection.
The permanent condition of a ruptured tympanic membrane. It may or may not be associated with infection.
Inflammation of the middle ear, with the presence of a thick or watery fluid that fills the middle ear space.
Damage to the ear caused by a harmful poison. It is usually associated with certain drugs.
The outside, visible part of the ear. Also called auricle.
Progressive loss of hearing as a result of the aging process. .
The ability to understand or comprehend language. It usually refers to the ability to understand verbal expression, but it also includes the ability to understand sign language, writing, Braille, and other forms of language.
Reduced hearing acuity due to a pathological condition in the inner ear or along the nerve pathway from the inner ear to the brainstem.
A hearing aid switch that allows the induction coil in the hearing aid to pick up signals from a telephone. It is also use in loop induction auditory training units.
An acute assault on the brain that causes mild to severe injury. The two types of traumatic brain injury are penetrating injuries and closed-head injuries. The damage is localized or generalized, depending on the type and extent of the injury.
A graph depicting eardrum and middle ear compliance measured during air pressure changes in the external auditory canal.
Vestibular system: The inner-ear structure containing three semicircular canals. The system is important for body position, balance and movement.
Shipley, K.G., & McAfee, J.A. (1998). Assessment in Speech-Language Pathology: A Resource Manual.
The publisher is not responsible (as a matter of product liability, negligence or otherwise) for any injury resulting from any material contained herein. This publication contains information relating to general principles of audiology and hearing aids which should not be construed as specific instructions for individual patients. Manufacturers' product information and package inserts should be reviewed for current information, including contraindications, dosages and precautions.
©2011 Achieve Hearing's Audiology Glossary 1st Edition, Copyright© 2011 Achieve Hearing & Rehabilitation, Inc. All rights reserved.