text:
package server

import (
	"context"
	"crypto/ecdsa"
	"crypto/elliptic"
	"crypto/rsa"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"crypto/sha512"
	"encoding/base64"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"hash"
	"io"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	jose "gopkg.in/square/go-jose.v2"

	"github.com/dexidp/dex/connector"
	"github.com/dexidp/dex/server/internal"
	"github.com/dexidp/dex/storage"
)

// TODO(ericchiang): clean this file up and figure out more idiomatic error handling.

// authErr is an error response to an authorization request.
// See: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-4.1.2.1
type authErr struct {
	State       string
	RedirectURI string
	Type        string
	Description string
}

func (err *authErr) Status() int {
	if err.State == errServerError {
		return http.StatusInternalServerError
	}
	return http.StatusBadRequest
}

func (err *authErr) Error() string {
	return err.Description
}

func (err *authErr) Handle() (http.Handler, bool) {
	// Didn't get a valid redirect URI.
	if err.RedirectURI == "" {
		return nil, false
	}

	hf := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		v := url.Values{}
		v.Add("state", err.State)
		v.Add("error", err.Type)
		if err.Description != "" {
			v.Add("error_description", err.Description)
		}
		var redirectURI string
		if strings.Contains(err.RedirectURI, "?") {
			redirectURI = err.RedirectURI + "&" + v.Encode()
		} else {
			redirectURI = err.RedirectURI + "?" + v.Encode()
		}
		http.Redirect(w, r, redirectURI, http.StatusSeeOther)
	}
	return http.HandlerFunc(hf), true
}

func tokenErr(w http.ResponseWriter, typ, description string, statusCode int) error {
	data := struct {
		Error       string `json:"error"`
		Description string `json:"error_description,omitempty"`
	}{typ, description}
	body, err := json.Marshal(data)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal token error response: %v", err)
	}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	w.Header().Set("Content-Length", strconv.Itoa(len(body)))
	w.WriteHeader(statusCode)
	w.Write(body)
	return nil
}

// nolint
const (
	errInvalidRequest          = "invalid_request"
	errUnauthorizedClient      = "unauthorized_client"
	errAccessDenied            = "access_denied"
	errUnsupportedResponseType = "unsupported_response_type"
	errInvalidScope            = "invalid_scope"
	errServerError             = "server_error"
	errTemporarilyUnavailable  = "temporarily_unavailable"
	errUnsupportedGrantType    = "unsupported_grant_type"
	errInvalidGrant            = "invalid_grant"
	errInvalidClient           = "invalid_client"
	errInvalidConnectorID      = "invalid_connector_id"
)

const (
	scopeOfflineAccess     = "offline_access" // Request a refresh token.
	scopeOpenID            = "openid"
	scopeGroups            = "groups"
	scopeEmail             = "email"
	scopeProfile           = "profile"
	scopeFederatedID       = "federated:id"
	scopeCrossClientPrefix = "audience:server:client_id:"
)

const (
	deviceCallbackURI = "/device/callback"
)

const (
	redirectURIOOB = "urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob"
)

const (
	grantTypeAuthorizationCode = "authorization_code"
	grantTypeRefreshToken      = "refresh_token"
	grantTypePassword          = "password"
	grantTypeDeviceCode        = "urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:device_code"
)

const (
	responseTypeCode    = "code"     // "Regular" flow
	responseTypeToken   = "token"    // Implicit flow for frontend apps.
	responseTypeIDToken = "id_token" // ID Token in url fragment
)

const (
	deviceTokenPending  = "authorization_pending"
	deviceTokenComplete = "complete"
	deviceTokenSlowDown = "slow_down"
	deviceTokenExpired  = "expired_token"
)

func parseScopes(scopes []string) connector.Scopes {
	var s connector.Scopes
	for _, scope := range scopes {
		switch scope {
		case scopeOfflineAccess:
			s.OfflineAccess = true
		case scopeGroups:
			s.Groups = true
		}
	}
	return s
}

// Determine the signature algorithm for a JWT.
func signatureAlgorithm(jwk *jose.JSONWebKey) (alg jose.SignatureAlgorithm, err error) {
	if jwk.Key == nil {
		return alg, errors.New("no signing key")
	}
	switch key := jwk.Key.(type) {
	case *rsa.PrivateKey:
		// Because OIDC mandates that we support RS256, we always return that
		// value. In the future, we might want to make this configurable on a
		// per client basis. For example allowing PS256 or ECDSA variants.
		//
		// See https://github.com/dexidp/dex/issues/692
		return jose.RS256, nil
	case *ecdsa.PrivateKey:
		// We don't actually support ECDSA keys yet, but they're tested for
		// in case we want to in the future.
		//
		// These values are prescribed depending on the ECDSA key type. We
		// can't return different values.
		switch key.Params() {
		case elliptic.P256().Params():
			return jose.ES256, nil
		case elliptic.P384().Params():
			return jose.ES384, nil
		case elliptic.P521().Params():
			return jose.ES512, nil
		default:
			return alg, errors.New("unsupported ecdsa curve")
		}
	default:
		return alg, fmt.Errorf("unsupported signing key type %T", key)
	}
}

func signPayload(key *jose.JSONWebKey, alg jose.SignatureAlgorithm, payload []byte) (jws string, err error) {
	signingKey := jose.SigningKey{Key: key, Algorithm: alg}

	signer, err := jose.NewSigner(signingKey, &jose.SignerOptions{})
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("new signier: %v", err)
	}
	signature, err := signer.Sign(payload)
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("signing payload: %v", err)
	}
	return signature.CompactSerialize()
}

// The hash algorithm for the at_hash is determined by the signing
// algorithm used for the id_token. From the spec:
//
//    ...the hash algorithm used is the hash algorithm used in the alg Header
//    Parameter of the ID Token's JOSE Header. For instance, if the alg is RS256,
//    hash the access_token value with SHA-256
//
// https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#ImplicitIDToken
var hashForSigAlg = map[jose.SignatureAlgorithm]func() hash.Hash{
	jose.RS256: sha256.New,
	jose.RS384: sha512.New384,
	jose.RS512: sha512.New,
	jose.ES256: sha256.New,
	jose.ES384: sha512.New384,
	jose.ES512: sha512.New,
}

// Compute an at_hash from a raw access token and a signature algorithm
//
// See: https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#ImplicitIDToken
func accessTokenHash(alg jose.SignatureAlgorithm, accessToken string) (string, error) {
	newHash, ok := hashForSigAlg[alg]
	if !ok {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("unsupported signature algorithm: %s", alg)
	}

	hash := newHash()
	if _, err := io.WriteString(hash, accessToken); err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("computing hash: %v", err)
	}
	sum := hash.Sum(nil)
	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(sum[:len(sum)/2]), nil
}

type audience []string

func (a audience) contains(aud string) bool {
	for _, e := range a {
		if aud == e {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

func (a audience) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
	if len(a) == 1 {
		return json.Marshal(a[0])
	}
	return json.Marshal([]string(a))
}

type idTokenClaims struct {
	Issuer           string   `json:"iss"`
	Subject          string   `json:"sub"`
	Audience         audience `json:"aud"`
	Expiry           int64    `json:"exp"`
	IssuedAt         int64    `json:"iat"`
	AuthorizingParty string   `json:"azp,omitempty"`
	Nonce            string   `json:"nonce,omitempty"`

	AccessTokenHash string `json:"at_hash,omitempty"`

	Email         string `json:"email,omitempty"`
	EmailVerified *bool  `json:"email_verified,omitempty"`

	Groups []string `json:"groups,omitempty"`

	Name              string `json:"name,omitempty"`
	PreferredUsername string `json:"preferred_username,omitempty"`

	FederatedIDClaims *federatedIDClaims `json:"federated_claims,omitempty"`
}

type federatedIDClaims struct {
	ConnectorID string `json:"connector_id,omitempty"`
	UserID      string `json:"user_id,omitempty"`
}

func (s *Server) newAccessToken(clientID string, claims storage.Claims, scopes []string, nonce, connID string) (accessToken string, err error) {
	idToken, _, err := s.newIDToken(clientID, claims, scopes, nonce, storage.NewID(), connID)
	return idToken, err
}

func (s *Server) newIDToken(clientID string, claims storage.Claims, scopes []string, nonce, accessToken, connID string) (idToken string, expiry time.Time, err error) {
	keys, err := s.storage.GetKeys()
	if err != nil {
		s.logger.Errorf("Failed to get keys: %v", err)
		return "", expiry, err
	}

	signingKey := keys.SigningKey
	if signingKey == nil {
		return "", expiry, fmt.Errorf("no key to sign payload with")
	}
	signingAlg, err := signatureAlgorithm(signingKey)
	if err != nil {
		return "", expiry, err
	}

	issuedAt := s.now()
	expiry = issuedAt.Add(s.idTokensValidFor)

	sub := &internal.IDTokenSubject{
		UserId: claims.UserID,
		ConnId: connID,
	}

	subjectString, err := internal.Marshal(sub)
	if err != nil {
		s.logger.Errorf("failed to marshal offline session ID: %v", err)
		return "", expiry, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal offline session ID: %v", err)
	}

	tok := idTokenClaims{
		Issuer:   s.issuerURL.String(),
		Subject:  subjectString,
		Nonce:    nonce,
		Expiry:   expiry.Unix(),
		IssuedAt: issuedAt.Unix(),
	}

	if accessToken != "" {
		atHash, err := accessTokenHash(signingAlg, accessToken)
		if err != nil {
			s.logger.Errorf("error computing at_hash: %v", err)
			return "", expiry, fmt.Errorf("error computing at_hash: %v", err)
		}
		tok.AccessTokenHash = atHash
	}

	for _, scope := range scopes {
		switch {
		case scope == scopeEmail:
			tok.Email = claims.Email
			tok.EmailVerified = &claims.EmailVerified
		case scope == scopeGroups:
			tok.Groups = claims.Groups
		case scope == scopeProfile:
			tok.Name = claims.Username
			tok.PreferredUsername = claims.PreferredUsername
		case scope == scopeFederatedID:
			tok.FederatedIDClaims = &federatedIDClaims{
				ConnectorID: connID,
				UserID:      claims.UserID,
			}
		default:
			peerID, ok := parseCrossClientScope(scope)
			if !ok {
				// Ignore unknown scopes. These are already validated during the
				// initial auth request.
				continue
			}
			isTrusted, err := s.validateCrossClientTrust(clientID, peerID)
			if err != nil {
				return "", expiry, err
			}
			if !isTrusted {
				// TODO(ericchiang): propagate this error to the client.
				return "", expiry, fmt.Errorf("peer (%s) does not trust client", peerID)
			}
			tok.Audience = append(tok.Audience, peerID)
		}
	}

	if len(tok.Audience) == 0 {
		// Client didn't ask for cross client audience. Set the current
		// client as the audience.
		tok.Audience = audience{clientID}
	} else {
		// Client asked for cross client audience:
		// if the current client was not requested explicitly
		if !tok.Audience.contains(clientID) {
			// by default it becomes one of entries in Audience
			tok.Audience = append(tok.Audience, clientID)
		}
		// The current client becomes the authorizing party.
		tok.AuthorizingParty = clientID
	}

	payload, err := json.Marshal(tok)
	if err != nil {
		return "", expiry, fmt.Errorf("could not serialize claims: %v", err)
	}

	if idToken, err = signPayload(signingKey, signingAlg, payload); err != nil {
		return "", expiry, fmt.Errorf("failed to sign payload: %v", err)
	}
	return idToken, expiry, nil
}

// parse the initial request from the OAuth2 client.
func (s *Server) parseAuthorizationRequest(r *http.Request) (*storage.AuthRequest, error) {
	if err := r.ParseForm(); err != nil {
		return nil, &authErr{"", "", errInvalidRequest, "Failed to parse request body."}
	}
	q := r.Form
	redirectURI, err := url.QueryUnescape(q.Get("redirect_uri"))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, &authErr{"", "", errInvalidRequest, "No redirect_uri provided."}
	}

	clientID := q.Get("client_id")
	state := q.Get("state")
	nonce := q.Get("nonce")
	connectorID := q.Get("connector_id")
	// Some clients, like the old go-oidc, provide extra whitespace. Tolerate this.
	scopes := strings.Fields(q.Get("scope"))
	responseTypes := strings.Fields(q.Get("response_type"))

	codeChallenge := q.Get("code_challenge")
	codeChallengeMethod := q.Get("code_challenge_method")

	if codeChallengeMethod == "" {
		codeChallengeMethod = CodeChallengeMethodPlain
	}

	client, err := s.storage.GetClient(clientID)
	if err != nil {
		if err == storage.ErrNotFound {
			description := fmt.Sprintf("Invalid client_id (%q).", clientID)
			return nil, &authErr{"", "", errUnauthorizedClient, description}
		}
		s.logger.Errorf("Failed to get client: %v", err)
		return nil, &authErr{"", "", errServerError, ""}
	}

	if connectorID != "" {
		connectors, err := s.storage.ListConnectors()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, &authErr{"", "", errServerError, "Unable to retrieve connectors"}
		}
		if !validateConnectorID(connectors, connectorID) {
			return nil, &authErr{"", "", errInvalidRequest, "Invalid ConnectorID"}
		}
	}

	if !validateRedirectURI(client, redirectURI) {
		description := fmt.Sprintf("Unregistered redirect_uri (%q).", redirectURI)
		return nil, &authErr{"", "", errInvalidRequest, description}
	}
	if redirectURI == deviceCallbackURI && client.Public {
		redirectURI = s.issuerURL.Path + deviceCallbackURI
	}

	// From here on out, we want to redirect back to the client with an error.
	newErr := func(typ, format string, a ...interface{}) *authErr {
		return &authErr{state, redirectURI, typ, fmt.Sprintf(format, a...)}
	}

	if codeChallengeMethod != CodeChallengeMethodS256 && codeChallengeMethod != CodeChallengeMethodPlain {
		description := fmt.Sprintf("Unsupported PKCE challenge method (%q).", codeChallengeMethod)
		return nil, newErr(errInvalidRequest, description)
	}

	var (
		unrecognized  []string
		invalidScopes []string
	)
	hasOpenIDScope := false
	for _, scope := range scopes {
		switch scope {
		case scopeOpenID:
			hasOpenIDScope = true
		case scopeOfflineAccess, scopeEmail, scopeProfile, scopeGroups, scopeFederatedID:
		default:
			peerID, ok := parseCrossClientScope(scope)
			if !ok {
				unrecognized = append(unrecognized, scope)
				continue
			}

			isTrusted, err := s.validateCrossClientTrust(clientID, peerID)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, newErr(errServerError, "Internal server error.")
			}
			if !isTrusted {
				invalidScopes = append(invalidScopes, scope)
			}
		}
	}
	if !hasOpenIDScope {
		return nil, newErr("invalid_scope", `Missing required scope(s) ["openid"].`)
	}
	if len(unrecognized) > 0 {
		return nil, newErr("invalid_scope", "Unrecognized scope(s) %q", unrecognized)
	}
	if len(invalidScopes) > 0 {
		return nil, newErr("invalid_scope", "Client can't request scope(s) %q", invalidScopes)
	}

	var rt struct {
		code    bool
		idToken bool
		token   bool
	}

	for _, responseType := range responseTypes {
		switch responseType {
		case responseTypeCode:
			rt.code = true
		case responseTypeIDToken:
			rt.idToken = true
		case responseTypeToken:
			rt.token = true
		default:
			return nil, newErr("invalid_request", "Invalid response type %q", responseType)
		}

		if !s.supportedResponseTypes[responseType] {
			return nil, newErr(errUnsupportedResponseType, "Unsupported response type %q", responseType)
		}
	}

	if len(responseTypes) == 0 {
		return nil, newErr("invalid_requests", "No response_type provided")
	}

	if rt.token && !rt.code && !rt.idToken {
		// "token" can't be provided by its own.
		//
		// https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#Authentication
		return nil, newErr("invalid_request", "Response type 'token' must be provided with type 'id_token' and/or 'code'")
	}
	if !rt.code {
		// Either "id_token token" or "id_token" has been provided which implies the
		// implicit flow. Implicit flow requires a nonce value.
		//
		// https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#ImplicitAuthRequest
		if nonce == "" {
			return nil, newErr("invalid_request", "Response type 'token' requires a 'nonce' value.")
		}
	}
	if rt.token {
		if redirectURI == redirectURIOOB {
			err := fmt.Sprintf("Cannot use response type 'token' with redirect_uri '%s'.", redirectURIOOB)
			return nil, newErr("invalid_request", err)
		}
	}

	return &storage.AuthRequest{
		ID:                  storage.NewID(),
		ClientID:            client.ID,
		State:               state,
		Nonce:               nonce,
		ForceApprovalPrompt: q.Get("approval_prompt") == "force",
		Scopes:              scopes,
		RedirectURI:         redirectURI,
		ResponseTypes:       responseTypes,
		ConnectorID:         connectorID,
		PKCE: storage.PKCE{
			CodeChallenge:       codeChallenge,
			CodeChallengeMethod: codeChallengeMethod,
		},
	}, nil
}

func parseCrossClientScope(scope string) (peerID string, ok bool) {
	if ok = strings.HasPrefix(scope, scopeCrossClientPrefix); ok {
		peerID = scope[len(scopeCrossClientPrefix):]
	}
	return
}

func (s *Server) validateCrossClientTrust(clientID, peerID string) (trusted bool, err error) {
	if peerID == clientID {
		return true, nil
	}
	peer, err := s.storage.GetClient(peerID)
	if err != nil {
		if err != storage.ErrNotFound {
			s.logger.Errorf("Failed to get client: %v", err)
			return false, err
		}
		return false, nil
	}
	for _, id := range peer.TrustedPeers {
		if id == clientID {
			return true, nil
		}
	}
	return false, nil
}

func validateRedirectURI(client storage.Client, redirectURI string) bool {
	// Allow named RedirectURIs for both public and non-public clients.
	// This is required make PKCE-enabled web apps work, when configured as public clients.
	for _, uri := range client.RedirectURIs {
		if redirectURI == uri {
			return true
		}
	}
	// For non-public clients or when RedirectURIs is set, we allow only explicitly named RedirectURIs.
	// Otherwise, we check below for special URIs used for desktop or mobile apps.
	if !client.Public || len(client.RedirectURIs) > 0 {
		return false
	}

	if redirectURI == redirectURIOOB || redirectURI == deviceCallbackURI {
		return true
	}

	// verify that the host is of form "http://localhost:(port)(path)" or "http://localhost(path)"
	u, err := url.Parse(redirectURI)
	if err != nil {
		return false
	}
	if u.Scheme != "http" {
		return false
	}
	if u.Host == "localhost" {
		return true
	}
	host, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(u.Host)
	return err == nil && host == "localhost"
}

func validateConnectorID(connectors []storage.Connector, connectorID string) bool {
	for _, c := range connectors {
		if c.ID == connectorID {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

// storageKeySet implements the oidc.KeySet interface backed by Dex storage
type storageKeySet struct {
	storage.Storage
}

func (s *storageKeySet) VerifySignature(_ context.Context, jwt string) (payload []byte, err error) {
	jws, err := jose.ParseSigned(jwt)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	keyID := ""
	for _, sig := range jws.Signatures {
		keyID = sig.Header.KeyID
		break
	}

	skeys, err := s.Storage.GetKeys()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	keys := []*jose.JSONWebKey{skeys.SigningKeyPub}
	for _, vk := range skeys.VerificationKeys {
		keys = append(keys, vk.PublicKey)
	}

	for _, key := range keys {
		if keyID == "" || key.KeyID == keyID {
			if payload, err := jws.Verify(key); err == nil {
				return payload, nil
			}
		}
	}

	return nil, errors.New("failed to verify id token signature")
}


text:
La mujer más fea del mundo es una película española dirigida por Miguel Bardem.

Reparto
 Elia Galera (Lola Otero)
 Alberto San Juan (Luis Casanova)
 Alicia Agut (La monjita)
 Anabel Alonso (Rocío)
 Carlos Lucas (ayudante del forense)
 Roberto Álvarez (Teniente Arribas)
 Javivi (Sargento Pelayo)
 Héctor Alterio (Dr. Werner)
 Guillermo Toledo (Lafuente)
 Inma del Moral (Vicky)
 Eloi Yebra (Macarra)
 Penélope Velasco (Cuca Maragato)
 Enrique Villén (Abella)
 Pablo Pinedo (León)
 Saturnino García (El Forense)
 David Pinilla (Pizarro)
 Ramón Barea (Sr. Otero)
 Santiago Segura (Presidente de la República)
 Lourdes Bartolomé (Enfermera)
 Fernando Ramallo (Macarra)
 Javier Albalá (Musculitos)
 Alicia Altabella (Anciana loca)
 Txema Hermoso (Macarra)
 Carmen Arbex (Enfermera)
 Pilar Castro (Feminista)
 Santiago Lajusticia
 Alicia Mohino (Madre de niño)
 Roberto Álamo (Peluquero)
 Javier Veiga (Médico)
 Javier Gurruchaga (El presentador)
 Luis Bermejo
 Agustín González (Rector)
 Manuel Manquiña (Tipo Tics)
 Luis Ciges (El anciano vicioso)
 María Isbert (La anciana borde)
 Manuel Morón (Carmelo)
 María Silva (Miss)
 Paco Maestre (El camarero)
 Pepa Pedroche (Luise)
 Estrella Zapatero (Secretaria del Rector)
 Joshean Mauleón
 Ángel Plana
 Paloma Montero (Funcionaria)
 Fanny Condado (Secretaria)
 Marina Lozano (Domadora)
 Mari ángeles Acevedo (Doña Lidia)
 Amanda Cascajosa (Niño)
 Gloria Toro (Miss Las Palmas)
 Alfredo Díaz (Agente)
 Marta Gil (Miss Barcelona)
 Margarita Mas (Angelita)
 Raquel Jiménez (Miss)
 Elisa Portela (Miss Santander)
 Elvira Trejo
 Sonia Villalva
 Patricia Villena

Argumento
La trama se estructura desde el inicio hasta bien avanzado el filme en dos líneas que corren paralelas: la investigación que el teniente Arribas (Roberto Álvarez) y su equipo realizan a tenor de un misterioso asesinato ocurrido en una residencia de ancianos, al parecer perpetrado por una monja, entrelazada con la vida de la bella Lola Otero (Elia Galera), una femme fatale devoradora de hombres que esconde un misterioso secreto. A resultas de la investigación del Teniente Arribas, que se encierra cada noche en la soledad de su apartamento y que también esconde un secreto, y su ayudante, el tartaja y enamoradizo sargento Pelayo (Javivi), descubren que un extraño profesor, el Dr. Werner (Héctor Alterio) puede estar implicado. Esto les pone en la pista de una paciente deforme a la que el doctor atendió en el pasado: Lola Otero, que se transformó en la hermosa mujer que es ahora. A la vez comienza a  haber flashbacks de la triste adolescencia de Lola y sus desengaños, y todo ese odio encerrado la ha vuelto loca. A partir de ese momento la investigación toma cuerpo y ciertas trágicas desapariciones y asesinatos de misses España parecen apuntar a la trastornada Lola como autora de los crímenes.

Comentarios

 La música está compuesta por el padre del director (Juan Antonio Bardem).

 Elia Galera, es una modelo y abogada laboralista que realiza su primera incursión en el cine.

Enlaces externos

Mujer más fea del mundo, La

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Committed to fighting terrorism
Ahmed Eleiba
Thursday 25 Aug 2022
A battle for development to eliminate the sociocultural incubators of extremism is underway in Sinai along with a military battle to uproot the terrorist groups.
The Egyptian approach to addressing regional threats holds that the Palestinian question is at the root of the region's problems and that any serious attempt to resolve it must treat it as such and avoid using other priorities, such as the Iranian threat, to circumvent it.
This does not affect the fact that Egypt opposes Iran's regional behaviour, however. Tehran's support for and utilisation as proxies of extremist groups such as the Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), Hamas, Hizbullah, the Houthi Movement in Yemen, and a long list of militias in Iraq cannot be condoned.
Egypt remains as committed as ever to the fight against terrorism, as was exemplified just last week with the Egyptian army's elimination of an Islamic State (IS) group-affiliated terrorist cell and its leader Hamza Al-Zamli, aka Abu Kazem Al-Maqdisi, in Gelbana near the Suez Canal.
Al-Zamli, a Palestinian from Gaza, was responsible for the terrorist attack against the Al-Rawda Mosque in North Sinai in November 2017, killing 305 worshippers during Friday prayers. This horrific incident triggered the launch of the largest ever counterterrorist campaign in Sinai, Comprehensive Operation Sinai 2018 (COS2018).
Al-Zamli started out working for a liquor distillery in the Israeli settlement of Yad Mordechai where he was reportedly something of a philanderer. This signifies that he rebelled against the rising tide of religious conservatism in Gaza. With the unilateral Israeli disengagement from Gaza in 2005, he was forced to return to the Strip. Not long after Hamas seized control of Gaza, it blacklisted him as an Israeli agent, causing him to turn to theft. He fled to Sinai through one of the many tunnels that existed at the time, and in 2017 he resurfaced as the mufti of the so-called IS Sinai Province and then the commander of its military wing.
He acquired followers, most of whom hailed from extreme factions in the Gaza side of Rafah, such as the Salafi jihadist Ansar Jundallah, which, in a clash with Hamas in August 2009, lost its leader Moussa Abdel-Latif, aka Abul-Nur Al-Maqdisi, a follower of prominent jihadist Abu Qassem Al-Maqdisi whose ideas have strongly influenced IS discourse.
Al-Zamli would also have been influenced by Abu Mohamed Al-Maqdisi, who held that Hamas had undermined IS in Sinai because of political rivalry. It is clearly no coincidence that Al-Zamli adopted the same nom de guerre and made it his priority to prove himself to the mother IS organisation by staging gruesome attacks and massacres.
The Al-Zamli case reveals much about the identity dimensions of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and the cumulative human damage due to its perpetuation. It reminds us of the continued Israeli refusal to take a peace process seriously and of a Palestinian environment in Gaza that has produced generations of Al-Zamlis.
These are among the reasons why Egypt prioritises a solution to the Palestinian question. Its repercussions have been a national security concern for some time, especially after the Palestinian national cause was given a religious mantle and religious slogans were attached to guns in the way that holy scriptures were blazoned on the tips of spears during the schismatic battles in early Islamic history that have bequeathed rifts and tensions to the present day.
Hamas, the PIJ, and similar militant Islamist groups are difficult variables in this equation. They originated as instruments, supported by Israel, to sow division in Palestinian ranks and serve as an alternative to the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO), universally recognised as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people and which ultimately accepted the political settlement that gave rise to the Palestinian Authority (PA).
Gaza had begun to export terrorism to Sinai even before the appearance of Al-Qaeda and the IS franchises. Hamas is a chapter of the Muslim Brotherhood, and the Brotherhood's relationship with this and other such groups generated a network of mutual interests. However, extremists exist everywhere: as long as Israel harbours fanatical religious trends, the same thing will happen on the Palestinian side and vice versa.
Remedying the social causes of extremism starts with political solutions. These, not warfare, will eradicate the breeding grounds of extremism. The Egyptian experience offers a case worth emulating in this regard.
Egypt has launched two major battles in Sinai. One is the unprecedented battle for development, which aims to eliminate the sociocultural incubators of fanaticism and extremism. The second battle engages military force to uproot the terrorist groups that have sprouted from the same seed, that of sectarian intolerance and violence which thrives on the blood of innocent people in the Middle East, from Palestine to Iraq, Yemen, Libya, and Afghanistan.
However, force accounts for no more than a fifth of the counterterrorist tools used in Sinai, the vast majority of them relating to the battle for development. The same principles could be tried in Gaza, where Egypt has already begun to carry out reconstruction. For this to work, it must include building both schools and the education system. In other words, it is important to take reconstruction beyond infrastructure to dry up the sources of extremist thought. Needless to say, Israel must also change its policies, with this being a main prerequisite.
This brings us to the common interests between some Western governments and the Islamists, a phenomenon that reached its peak during the Arab Spring. What it yielded was the production of chaos in the name of democratisation, abbreviated to the participation of so-called "moderate political Islam."
This experiment proved to be a disaster wherever it was applied. Just this week, the French magazine Jeune Afrique published an interview with Seif Al-Qaddafi, son of former Libyan leader Muammar Al-Qaddafi, who said that he had turned himself over to the armed revolutionary groups that had been working with NATO to overthrow his father during the Libyan uprising in 2011.
He believed that since he was Al-Qaddafi's son his surrender would end the fighting, but instead the country was pulled into a vortex of extremism. Before long, Libya seemed irretrievably torn, as has occurred in Iraq under its ethnic/sectarian quota system and in Yemen where the Iranian-backed Ansarullah (Houthi) Movement continues its programme to establish a theocratic statelet in the north.
Despite this bleak record, the Muslim Brothers and like-minded Islamists continue to enjoy some support and sympathy abroad for their drive to return to power. They may be involved in some sort of process of introspection in order to identify what mistakes they made while in power and what drove the masses to overthrow them in Egypt, Tunisia, and Jordan. But it is unlikely that they will engage in genuine ideological revision.
We know this from previous processes of ideological revision undertaken by other groups that have emerged from the Muslim Brotherhood fold, such as the Jamaa Islamiya. In some cases, instead of becoming moderate, they signed up with Al-Qaeda, as was the case with former Al-Qaeda leader Ayman Al-Zawahiri, who had belonged to the Qutbist camp of the Muslim Brotherhood and was inspired by the writings of Brotherhood ideologist Sayyid Qutb.
In other cases, they may have renounced violence but have still continued to serve the Muslim Brotherhood's project in Egypt, as was the case with Assem Abdel-Maged and other members of the Jamaa Islamiya. Naturally, the Muslim Brotherhood has treated them with its usual cynicism, nurturing its relations with them as potential weapons it could draw on in time of need.
*A version of this article appears in print in the 25 August, 2022 edition of Al-Ahram Weekly.
Palestin
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The challenging road ahead
Modern Egypt — (XV) The lady press baron
Living in a fragmented world

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Cola Turka ist ein Cola-Getränk des japanischen Unternehmens DYDO DRINCO.

Geschichte
Das Getränk wurde am 25. Juni 2003 in den türkischen Markt eingeführt.
Durch den Irakkrieg und die dadurch entstandene anti-amerikanische Stimmung wurde der Verkauf von Cola Turka gefördert. Heute nimmt es einen Marktanteil von ca. 19 % des türkischen Cola-Marktes ein und stellt dort eine Konkurrenz für die Soft-Drink-Hersteller Coca-Cola und Pepsi dar.

Cola Turka war nicht die erste Marke, die ein koffeinhaltiges Colagetränk in der Türkei etablierte. Dort gibt es seit Jahrzehnten Hersteller (z. B. Kristal Kola oder Uludağ Cola), die ähnliche Brausen anbieten. Allein einer großangelegten Werbekampagne mit patriotisch angehauchten Slogans ist der Run auf das Produkt (besonders in den arabischen Staaten) zu erklären: zur Markteinführung wurde der Titel "Kolası bildik kola, Turkası bizim Turka" gewählt, übersetzt "die Cola ist die uns bekannte Cola, einzig das Turka ist unsere Turka" gewählt, also frei übersetzt "eine ganz normale Cola nur auf türkische Art".

Im Februar 2016 übernahm die japanische DyDo Drinco die Getränkesparte von der Yildiz Holding (Ülker) inkl. Produktionsstätte.

Varianten
"Cola Turka", "Cola Turka Light", "Cola Turka Cappuccino" und "Cola Turka Sıfır"

Verpackung/Design
Zuerst bestimmten die Farben weiß und rot das Aussehen der äußeren Verpackung. Dabei war die obere Hälfte weiß, mit silbernen Sternen verziert und trug das Wort "Cola". Die untere Fläche war rot und bildete das Wort "Turka" ab. Die Farben und die Verzierung sind vermutlich an die türkische Flagge angelehnt.
Ab Anfang 2006 wurde dieses Design überarbeitet, wobei die Farben weiß und rot mit Farbverläufen versehen und die Sterne zu Wassertropfen und Kohlensäurebläschen umfunktioniert worden sind. Die jetzt selteneren, größeren Sterne in unterschiedliche Größen und Farbschattierungen sind nun in grau und weiß gehalten. Die Schrift ist jetzt schattiert und wird nur noch in kleinen Buchstaben dargestellt, wobei das "a" in "turka"  einen Stern im Inneren erhalten hat.
Die Light-Version ist komplett in silber-weiß gehalten, wobei der schwarze "light"-Aufdruck dem Font der Original Coca-Cola sehr ähnelt.
Diesen Imagewechsel bekräftigte der Hersteller mit den Worten "hep beraber", übersetzt "alle zusammen". Damit bestätigt Cola Turka die Absicht die Cola vom Volk zu sein und dies mit Nationalgefühl zu erreichen.
Für das neue Design zeichnet der in Hollywood lebende türkische Werbedesigner Emrah Yücel verantwortlich; bekannt u. a. für die Filmposter und Artworks von Kill Bill oder Gene Roddenberrys Andromeda.
Cola Turka verspricht sich mit dem neuen Design nach eigenen Angaben ein moderneres, junges und dynamisches Auftreten.
Cola-Turka wird in Glasflaschen (0,2 Liter), PET-Flaschen (1 bis 3 Liter) und Aluminiumdosen (0,33 Liter) verkauft.

Werbung
Bekannte Werbungen von Cola Turka sind die Clips mit dem amerikanischen Komiker Chevy Chase. Er wirbt dabei für Cola Turka und verändert durch das Trinken der Limonade sein Verhalten, welches dem eines Türken ähnelt, er und seine Familie wird "a la turca"; nach dem Motto "trink' Cola Turka und werde türkisch". Insgesamt wurden vier Werbespots dazu gedreht. Auch haben viele Fußballspieler in der türkischen Liga Werbung für Cola Turka gemacht, unter anderem auch Pierre van Hooijdonk (Damals Fenerbahçe Istanbul), Gökdeniz Karadeniz, Tuncay Şanlı, Matias Emilio Delgado.

Sponsoring
Cola Turka ist Hauptsponsor der Fußball- und der Basketballmannschaft von Beşiktaş İstanbul und Nebensponsor der Fußballmannschaften von Galatasaray Istanbul, Trabzonspor und Fenerbahçe İstanbul.

Sonstiges
Cola Turka ist genau drei Tage nachdem US-Truppen im Nordirak elf türkische Soldaten festgenommen haben, auf den Markt gekommen. Allerdings dementierte das Unternehmen Ülker, dass die Herausgabe mit dieser sogenannten Sackaffäre zu tun hat. Dies wird bekräftigt durch Monate zuvor vom Hersteller publizierte Aussagen, die ein bald kommendes bedeutsames Produkt des Ülker-Konzerns propagieren. Dennoch kam der Irak-Krieg in einem landesweit ausgestrahlten Werbespot vor, an dessen Ende der Atatürk-Spruch eingeblendet wurde: "Friede in der Heimat, Friede in der Welt" ("Yurtta Sulh, Cihanda Sulh").

In Deutschland ist Cola Turka in vielen türkischen Lebensmittelläden erhältlich. Auch in Österreich, Frankreich, Großbritannien, Schweiz, Aserbaidschan und im Nordteil von Zypern wird das Getränk vertrieben.

Siehe auch
 Liste von Cola-Marken

Weblinks
 Cola Turka offizielle Webseite (türkisch)
 neues Design Cola Turka und Sprite in der Türkei

Nachweise

Coffeinhaltiges Erfrischungsgetränk
Lebensmittelhersteller (Türkei)
Essen und Trinken (Türkei)


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


If you follow the link below, you can receive free admission to the the Orlando Loop Business Expo. The Expo has been traveling around the US and will be in Orlando on December 8, 2010 at the Orlando Hilton Conference Center.
Register for the Free Registration. Feel free to share the link and the Agenda. You can also follow the news on Twitter.
We'll be there if you have questions about FileMaker and talking about how a solution developed using FileMaker can save you money by streamlining your workflow and making your data more accessible. We'll also be showing off our Surgery Procedure Log on FileMaker Go.
Also, MaxYourMacs will be at the Expo to discuss their Max Tech Home and Max Tech Pro programs to help Home and Pro Mac users with just about everything Mac related.
This event is for all business end users that use Apple Mac's, iPhones, & iPads for their day to day business. Admission for the expo is FREE. We will have over 50 manufacturers & developers from all over the world showcasing their business solutions for the Mac. Please join us for the first ever Loop Business Expo & iZone in Orlando Florida on Wednesday, December 8, 2010 at the beautiful Hilton Downtown Orlando Conference Center. Door Prizes All Day.


text:
package org.zalando.stups.fullstop.plugin;

import com.amazonaws.services.cloudtrail.processinglibrary.model.CloudTrailEvent;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.zalando.stups.fullstop.s3.S3Service;

import static com.amazonaws.regions.Region.getRegion;
import static com.amazonaws.regions.Regions.EU_WEST_1;
import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
import static java.util.Collections.singletonList;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
import static org.zalando.stups.fullstop.events.TestCloudTrailEventSerializer.createCloudTrailEvent;

public class SaveSecurityGroupsPluginTest {

    private SecurityGroupProvider mockSecurityGroupProvider;
    private S3Service mockS3Service;
    private SaveSecurityGroupsPlugin plugin;
    private CloudTrailEvent cloudTrailEvent;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mockSecurityGroupProvider = mock(SecurityGroupProvider.class);
        mockS3Service = mock(S3Service.class);

        plugin = new SaveSecurityGroupsPlugin(mockSecurityGroupProvider, mockS3Service, "saved-security-groups");

        cloudTrailEvent = createCloudTrailEvent("/run-instance-record.json");

        when(mockSecurityGroupProvider.getSecurityGroup(any(), any(), any()))
                .thenReturn("{this is a security group test}");

        when(mockS3Service.listCommonPrefixesS3Objects(any(), any()))
                .thenReturn(asList(
                        "123456789111/eu-west-1/2015/06/18/i-111124cer11111-2016-01-15T13:03:02.000Z/",
                        "123456789111/eu-west-1/2015/06/18/i-fdsa33fsd-2016-01-15T07:07:15.000Z/",
                        "123456789111/eu-west-1/2015/06/18/i-fdsafsd-2016-01-15T07:07:15.000Z/",
                        "123456789111/eu-west-1/2015/06/18/i-023d5bf6c26aa18d5-2016-01-15T15:59:54.000Z/",
                        "123456789111/eu-west-1/2015/06/18/i-023d5bf6c26aa18d5-2016-01-15T15:59:54.000Zi-fdsafsd-2016-01-15T07:07:15.000Z"));
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockSecurityGroupProvider, mockS3Service);
    }

    @Test
    public void testProcessEvent() throws Exception {
        plugin.processEvent(cloudTrailEvent);

        verify(mockSecurityGroupProvider).getSecurityGroup(eq(singletonList("sg-24051988")), eq(getRegion(EU_WEST_1)), eq("123456789111"));
        verify(mockS3Service, times(5)).listCommonPrefixesS3Objects(eq("saved-security-groups"), eq("123456789111/eu-west-1/2015/06/18/"));
        verify(mockS3Service, times(3)).putObjectToS3(eq("saved-security-groups"), anyString(), anyString(), any(), any());
    }

    @Test
    public void testNullSecurityGroup() throws Exception {
        when(mockSecurityGroupProvider.getSecurityGroup(any(), any(), any()))
                .thenReturn(null);

        plugin.processEvent(cloudTrailEvent);

        verify(mockSecurityGroupProvider).getSecurityGroup(eq(singletonList("sg-24051988")), eq(getRegion(EU_WEST_1)), eq("123456789111"));
    }
}


Our group specialises in CD8+ T cell biology and antigen processing and presentation, particularly in relation to the development of cross-protective immune responses to the influenza virus.
Our group develops new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. We examine the mechanism of action of available anticancer drugs and work to restrict the killing properties to cancerous cell types.
Our group studies AAA+ proteases, responsible for general and regulated protein turn over in bacteria and in some organelles of eukaryotes.
Our group use a combination of biochemistry, cell biology, structural biology and medicinal chemistry approaches to understand the precise molecular mechanisms that control apoptosis.
Our group uses single domain antibodies that have been developed from sharks to identify novel therapeutics against a number of chronic diseases.
Our group uses an integrated systems biology approach to understand extracellular communication in the context of the tumour microenvironment and uterine development.
Our group examines apoptotic regulation in normal cells, cancerous cells and virally-infected cells. We use this knowledge to explore better and safer therapies for cancer and viral diseases.
Our group studies the molecular mechanisms underlying Gram-negative bacterial infections to develop antibacterial drugs that are not susceptible to existing resistance mechanisms.
Our group uses a combination of biochemistry, molecular and cell biology to investigate neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Prion and Parkinson's diseases.
Our group specialises in cancer cachexia, a complication of cancer that is responsible for around 25% of cancer deaths.
Our group studies the molecular basis of tumour progression and inflammatory disease to develop novel anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Our group examines how viruses hijack cellular defence systems to ensure their own proliferation and survival.
Our group examines the molecular mechanisms underlying cell fate decisions dictated by the processes of apoptosis and autophagy.
Our group characterises the macromolecular complexes in the nucleus to understand their roles in gene regulation and DNA damage repair pathway.
Our group studies protein-based metallo-regulatory systems – from the metal transporters embedded in the cell membranes to the metalloproteins and enzymes which utilize transition metals for activity.
Our group explores the role of extracellular matrix components (soluble secreted proteins and extracellular vesicles) in cancer and intercellular communication.
Our group studies the various aspects of skeletal muscle biochemistry in health and disease, using exercise and disease models in humans, as well as animal models.
Our group uses proof-of-concept to identify pathological and molecular mechanisms of disease. We also evaluate candidate MS drugs.
Our group studies the mechanisms of cancer cell spread (metastasis) to distant tissues and organs.
Our group studies the structure, function, regulation and inhibition of essential oligomeric enzymes such as dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS), from the lysine biosynthesis pathway of bacteria.
Our group studies the machinery that control how dying cells can disassemble into smaller pieces, and the importance of cell disassembly in disease settings, to identify new drugs to control this process.
Our group researches the molecular basis of apoptosis regulation during heart failure, sepsis and in chemo resistance.
Our group uses the vinegar fly, Drosophila, to model cancer with the vision of understanding how regulators of cell shape (polarity) and the cell skeleton (actin cytoskeleton) impact on cell signalling and cancer development.
Our group utilizes an integrated proteomic/genomic strategy to understand the role of the extracellular environment in cancer progression.
Our group focuses on the development and characterisation of novel classes of antibiotics and herbicides to minimise the emergence of resistance.
Our group studies the function of mitochondrial proteins involved in the biogenesis and maintenance of mitochondria at the molecular level.
Our group researches enzymes, called proteases, which operate at the interface between a host, such as a human being and microbes that cause disease.


text:
The CoAP protocol is the next big thing for DDoS attacks
CoAP DDoS attacks have already been detected in the wild, some clocking at 320Gbps.
By Catalin Cimpanu for Zero Day | December 5, 2018 -- 04:13 GMT (20:13 PST) | Topic: Security
RFC 7252, also known as the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP), is about to become one of the most abused protocols in terms of DDoS attacks, security researchers have told ZDNet.
If readers don't recognize the name of this protocol that's because it's new --being formally approved only recently, in 2014, and largely unused until this year.
What is CoAP?
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How ransomware could get even more disruptive in 2021 (ZDNet YouTube)
How to improve the security of your public cloud (TechRepublic)
CoAP was designed as a lightweight machine-to-machine (M2M) protocol that can run on smart devices where memory and computing resources are scarce.
In a very simplistic explanation, CoAP is very similar to HTTP, but instead of working on top of TCP packets, it works on top of UDP, a lighter data transfer format created as a TCP alternative.
Just like HTTP is used to transport data and commands (GET, POST, CONNECT, etc.) between a client and a server, CoAP also allows the same multicast and command transmission features, but without needing the same amount of resources, making it ideal for today's rising wave of Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
But just like any other UDP-based protocol, CoAP is inherently susceptible to IP address spoofing and packet amplification, the two major factors that enable the amplification of a DDoS attack.
An attacker can send a small UDP packet to a CoAP client (an IoT device), and the client would respond with a much larger packet. In the world of DDoS attacks, the size of this packet response is known as an amplification factor, and for CoAP, this can range from 10 to 50, depending on the initial packet and the resulting response (and the protocol analysis you're reading).
Furthermore, because CoAP is vulnerable to IP spoofing, attackers can replace the "sender IP address" with the IP address of a victim they want to launch a DDoS attack against, and that victim would receive the blunt force of the amplified CoAP traffic.
The people who designed CoAP added security features to prevent these types of issues, but as Cloudflare pointed out in a blog post last year, if device makers implement these CoAP security features, the CoAP protocol isn't so light anymore, negating all the benefits of a lightweight protocol.
That's why most of today's CoAP implementations forgo using hardened security modes for a "NoSec" security mode that keeps the protocol light, but also vulnerable to DDoS abuse.
The rise of CoAP
But because CoAP was a new protocol, a few hundreds of vulnerable devices here and there would have never been a problem, even if all were running in NoSec modes.
Unfortunately, things started to change. According to a talk that Dennis Rand, founder of eCrimeLabs, gave at the RVAsec security conference over the summer (19:40 mark), the number of CoAP devices has exploded since November 2017.
Rand says the CoAP device count jumped from a lowly 6,500 in November 2017 to over 26,000 the next month. Things got even worse in 2018 because by May that number was at 278,000 devices, a number that today is hovering at 580,000-600,000, according to Shodan, a search engine for Internet-connected devices.
Rand suggests the reason for this explosion is CoAP's use as part of QLC Chain (formerly known as QLink), a project that aims build a decentralized blockchain-based mobile network using WiFi nodes available across China.
But this sudden rise in readily available and poorly secured CoAP clients hasn't gone unnoticed. Over the past few weeks, the first DDoS attacks carried out via CoAP have started to leave their mark.
A security researcher who deals with DDoS attacks but who couldn't share his name due to employment agreements told ZDNet that CoAP attacks have happened on an occasional basis over the past months, with increasing frequency, reaching 55Gbps on average, and with the largest one clocking at 320Gbps.
The 55Gbps average is an order of magnitude superior to the average size of a normal DDoS attack, which is 4.6Gbps, according to DDoS mitigation firm Link11.
Of the 580,000 CoAP devices currently available on Shodan today, the same researcher told ZDNet that roughly 330,000 could be (ab)used to relay and amplify DDoS attacks with an amplification factor of up to 46 times.
Of the attacks the researcher has recorded, most have targeted various online services in China, but also some MMORPGs platforms outside of mainland China.
It is unclear if CoAP has been added as an attack option to DDoS-for-hire platforms, but once this happens, such attacks will intensify even more.
Furthermore, CoAP's use in the real world has exploded this year but was mainly restricted to China. It is safe to assume that once CoAP has already become popular in China, today's main manufacturing hub, vulnerable devices will also spread to other countries as devices made in the communist state are sold overseas.
We've been warned
Just like with the case with most protocols developed with IoT in mind, the issue doesn't seem to reside in the protocol design, which includes some basic security features, but in how device makers are configuring and shipping CoAP in live devices.
Sadly, this isn't something new. Many protocols are often misconfigured, by accident or intentionally, by device makers, which often choose interoperability and ease of use over security.
But the thing that will annoy some security researchers is that some predicted this would happen even before CoAP was approved as an official Internet standard, way back in 2013.
This was a totally avoidable disaster if only countries around the world had more stringent rules about IoT devices and their security features.
On a side note --and coincidentally-- as CoAP DDoS attacks are now beginning to get noticed, Federico Maggi, a security researcher with Trend Micro, has also taken a look at CoAP's DDoS amplification capabilities, research which he's set to present at the Black Hat security conference this week in London.
The same research also looked at a fellow M2M protocol, MQTT, also known to be a mess, and in which the researcher has identified several vulnerabilities.
These are the worst hacks, cyberattacks,... SEE FULL GALLERY
More security news:
Intel CPUs impacted by new PortSmash side-channel vulnerability
Intel hits representation goal in its US workforce CNET
Intel Foreshadow exploits: How to protect yourself TechRepublic
Rowhammer attacks can now bypass ECC memory protections
New online service will hack printers to spew out spam
US Senate computers will use disk encryption
Kubernetes' first major security hole discovered
Hackers are opening SMB ports on routers so they can infect PCs with NSA malware
More from Catalin Cimpanu


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Home›Frequency Update›Pk Sports Hd New Frequency On Asiasat-7 @ 105.5E 2023
Frequency UpdateKeys Update
Pk Sports Hd New Update 2023
Sport in Pakistan is a significant part of Pakistani culture. Cricket is the most popular sport in Pakistan, while field hockey, polo, and squash are also popular.Traditional sports like kabaddi and other well-known games are also played. The Pakistan Sports Board was created in 1962 by the Ministry of Education as a corporate body for the purposes of promoting and developing uniform standards of competition in sports in Pakistan comparable to the standards prevailing internationally, and regulating and controlling sports in Pakistan on a national basis. The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, now has control over the Pakistan Sports Board. The PSB controls all 39 sporting federations. The Pakistan Sports Board is supported by the Pakistan Sports Trust, which assists hard up players and associations so they can continue participating in sports.
Over recent years there has been an increase in sporting activity in Pakistan, with Pakistani sportsmen and women participating at many national and international events. Also, more international tournaments now take place in Pakistan. The size of the teams Pakistan sends, and the number of events they participate in, such as the Olympic Games, Asian Games, World Games, and Commonwealth Games has increased since the turn of the century.Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, had a great love for sport and fully realised the vital role it played in the development of nations and inculcation of discipline among the masses. In a meeting with the Organizing Committee of the First Pakistan Olympic Games held at Karachi, Jinnah said to the first President of the Pakistan Olympic Association Mr. Ahmed E.H.:
"Dedicate yourself to sports promotion, for when you and I are gone, leadership will go into the hands of Youth, and Youth is our wealth, a raw material, that must be hammered into shape, into burnished steel to strive and smite in defence – the defence of the integrity and solidarity of Pakistan – the defence of the ideology of Pakistan."
PK SPORTS HD
AsiaSat-7 @ 105.5E
FREQ: 3675 V 5000
MPEG4/HD/FTA Started
GEO Network Frequency And Biss Key 2023
ROHI TV TEST Frequency On PAKSAT1R@38E 2023
ATN TV New Biss Key And Frequency 2023
LTN FAMILY Frequency On PakSat-1R @38.0'E 2023


Van Heflin in Week-End with Father (1951).
Van Heflin was a popular supporting player, and occassional lead, who benefitted from appearing in Shane, after which his acting in films was in great demand.
Born to an Irish dentist father, and a French mother, Heflin went to high school in Oklahoma City. Van's sister Frances would go into the acting game was well, originating several roles in well-known plays before settling down to play Erica Kane's mother on the soap opera All My Children.
Heflin attended the University of Oklahoma, then got his master's degree in acting from Yale University. Heading for Broadway, he made his debut appeared in Mr. Moneypenny (with Donald Meek playing his father) during the 1928 season. Taking a break for several years, he again graced Broadway with The Bride of Torozko in September, 1934, then The Night Remembers in November, 1934. He did a pair of plays on the Great White Way in 1936: Mid-West in January, and End of Summer from February to June.
Signed to an acting contract at R-K-O, Heflin made his first film with Katherine Hepburn: A Woman Rebels (released in November, 1936). Heflin returned to Broadway for Western Waters in 1937, then appeared in Casey Jones under Elia Kazan's direction in February, 1938. When Katerine Hepburn was mounting her production of The Philadelphia Story (which ran for an entire year on Broadway), she chose Heflin to create the role of Mccauley O'Connor, which is the role James Stewart played in the movie version (and which played the Chinese in December, 1940).
Suddenly, what was good enough for Hepburn was good enough for M-G-M; they signed Heflin to a contract and immediately loaned him out to Warners for Santa Fe Trail (released in December, 1940), then gave him a supporting role in Johnny Eager (which played the Chinese in March, 1942). Heflin won an Oscar for this film. Heflin played president Andrew Johnson in Tennessee Johnson (played the Chinese in April, 1943). He co-starred with Judy Garland in Presenting Lily Mars (played the Chinese in July, 1943), before shipping out to serve as a combat cameraman with the Ninth Air Force in Europe and the First Motion Picture Unit, under Jack L. Warner.
Returning from the war, Heflin resumed his solid performances in various films: Till the Clouds Roll By (released in January, 1946); he played Athos to Gene Kelly's D'Artagnan in The Three Musketeers (released in October, 1948); and played the husband of Jennifer Jones playing in the title role of Madame Bovary (released in August, 1949).
Switching to independent contracting, Heflin made The Prowler (released in May, 1951) for producer Sam Speigel. He had been cast as rancher Joe Starrett in Shane (which played the Chinese in June, 1953), but it was so long in post-production, that when the film finally came out and was a smash hit, it suprised the actor; he had sort of forgotten about it. Suddenly, he was a hot commodity.
Producer Charles Brackett put Heflin in a romantic lead in Woman's World at Fox. On opening day at the Chinese, Heflin made his footprints in the Forecourt. Heflin starred on Broadway in A View from the Bridge / A Memory of Two Mondays with Martin Ritt directing, from September, 1955 to February, 1956. He them starred in the classic western 3:10 to Yuma (released in September, 1957).
Heflin starred on Broadway as a trial lawyer in A Case of Libel for 242 perfs from October, 1963 to May, 1964. He took a role in The Greatest Story Ever Told (released in February, 1965). He starred in the remake of Stagecoach (released in June, 1966), then reprised his Broadway role in a television movie version of A Case of Libel, which ran on ABC in February, 1968. His last theatrical film was playing the nut case in Airport (released in March, 1970).
While swimming in June of 1971, Heflin suffered a heart attack. Rushed to the hospital, he remained in a coma for six weeks before his heart gave out. Upon his instructions, there was no funeral, with his ashes scattered in the ocean. He was 62 years old.
Grauman's Chinese Theatre, Hollywood, California. Van Heflin Forecourt ceremony, Friday, October 8, 1954. Fox West Coast Theatres executive Edwin F. Zabel looks on as Van Heflin makes his mark in the cement.


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When you start tingling, itching of the lips, mouth and throat and swelling once you eat kale you should immediately be aware that you are allergic to kale. Other kale allergy symptoms may include vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, skin rash and itching. There are severe reactions like wheezing, shortage of breath, fainting and dizziness that develop quickly and may lead to anaphylactic shock. Anaphylactic shock is uncommon but can turn out to be fatal if not dealt with right away. In most cases an allergic reaction to kale could cause breathing difficulties because the upper airways are normally blocked. Alternatively this sign is not asthma which is bronchoconstriction and inflammation. It's wise to visit your doctor and let him determine if it is kale allergy, asthma or both.
As a general rule it is a protein in the kale that triggers the allergic reaction. If you happen to detect these kale allergic symptoms you should avoid any form of the kale foods. People who showed the kale allergic symptoms at a younger age should be re-evaluated because they may have outgrown the allergic reaction.
There is a research that has been carried out which shows how children outgrow their allergies. Many children who are diagnosed with food allergies like kale mostly have food protein induced which is an inflammation of the small intestines. The children develop severe vomiting and diarrhea a few hours after eating such foods like kale, soy or milk. The response on the other hand may be serious while they do not have allergic antibodies and they still do not suffer anaphylaxis. When the offending food is removed from the body, the kale allergic symptoms disappear and most of them outgrow the reaction in six to twenty four after diagnosis. For those who do not outgrow the symptoms, they usually develop a measurable allergy to the food.
If you find yourself showing any of this kale allergic symptoms make a point of seeing your doctor as soon as possible. Swift treatment can control symptoms as well as restoring your health to normal.


Battle your way through a collapsing cosmos as Ninja, Spies, Pirates, Robots, and Monsters assail you at every turn! Will you make it?
Receive our thanks for your interest in the project and access to a complete print and play version of the game.
Receive the core game and stretch goals.
(SHIPPING NOT INCLUDED) You will be invoiced for your actual shipping cost during fulfillment.
Receive the core game and applicable stretch goals. This tier INCLUDES SHIPPING within the US.
Receive the core game with hand painted minis, all stretch goals, a deluxe rule book with several pages of my favorite art from the game, and a laser cut wood game box to keep it all in.
A Monster designed by you or in your likeness will be included in every Kickstarter copy of the game. You will also receive a signed one of a kind handmade prototype used during the development of the game, the core game with pro-printed minis, a deluxe rule book with several pages of my favorite art from the game, a laser cut wood game box, and all stretch goals. Your name will be listed under the "Special Thanks" section in the rule book with the "MONSTER" prefix.


Wallace State Community College's Engineering Technology program provides a pathway to give you opportunities to see exactly where you fit in the engineering world. There are many career options for those interested in a degree in engineering technology. There are careers where your office is the site of a new road, bridge, building, utility installation, or other major infrastructure projects. There are careers where you work in the comfort of an air-conditioned office.
Engineering technicians prepare technical drawings and plans used by production and construction workers to build everything from manufactured products such as toys, toasters, industrial machinery, and spacecraft to structures such as houses, office buildings, and oil and gas pipelines. Engineering technicians' drawings provide visual guidelines, show the technical details of the products and structures, and specify dimensions, materials, and procedures. Most engineering technicians use computer-aided design (CAD) systems to prepare drawings.
Many engineering technicians work for architectural, engineering, and related services firms that design construction projects or do other engineering work on a contract basis for other industries. Jobs are also found in manufacturing industries such as machinery, fabricated metal, computer and electronics, and transportation equipment, including aerospace products and parts manufacturing, ship and boat building. Others are employed in construction, government, wholesale trade, and utilities, or are self-employed.
Opportunities are best for individuals with at least two years of postsecondary training in engineering technology and considerable skill and experience using CAD systems, along with well-developed drafting and mechanical drawing skills, knowledge of drafting standards, mathematics, science, and engineering technology.
Industrial growth and increasingly complex design problems associated with new products and manufacturing processes will increase the demand for engineering technician's services. Engineering technicians with CAD expertise have broken out of the traditional drafting role and increasingly do work traditionally performed by engineers and architects, thus also increasing demand for engineering technicians.


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Lessons From Norway In Getting Women Onto Corporate Boards
"Families that go from two to 3 youngsters usually want bigger houses or flats, and particularly larger automobiles. Activities and holidays also turn out to be significantly more expensive," she says. She thinks it additionally has to do with people's private https://yourmailorderbride.com/norwegian-women/ funds. "If we want our children to be successful and have the opportunity to take part in actions, this requires raising them in a different way than was done within the Sixties and Seventies," says Syse.
This is occurring regardless of Prime Minister Erna Solberg strongly urging Norwegian women to have more. was not allowed to check as an expert artist till age thirty when she began studying privately under Hans Gude in Karlsruhe because women weren't allowed into the standard (all-male) landscape courses. She acquired additional training in Munich and Paris the place she turned shut friends with impressionist artist Harriet Backer. Kielland is understood for her practical work, typically with tonal effects, of the Norwegian coastal area known as Jæren. was born in Bergan, Norway to the author Enevold Munch Falsen and his spouse Bolette Marie Gjerdrum.
Sara Cools has spent lots of time finding out fertility points in Norway. Economic costs are relatively more essential for men, whereas bodily prices are relatively extra essential for women, based on the report.
They range from the principal, such because the unfortunate tampering with free market mechanics, to the sensible, such because the extreme lack of certified women. It just lately emerged that there were more men named John running massive companies in the US than women. Actually the US is about average when it comes to the share of ladies it has on boards – 19%. Japan does badly with women holding just three% of board seats, however Norway has top-of-the-line data with women holding 35.5% of the seats on Norwegian stock index companies.
Norway Government Collapses After Frp Resigned From The Government
"Getting our working life to sync up with our home life is a reasonably delicate balance. A lot of individuals find that having two kids and meaningful jobs for both mother and father is just barely manageable," says Cools. One of her published studies appears at how working life impacts the variety of kids.
And virtually 14 per cent haven't given birth to any youngsters. "It's the thought, for instance, that a family can deal with two kids nicely and that it's good for kids to have siblings," she says.
However, women were nonetheless segregated from collaborating within the Lutheran Church's congressional politics. Far-proper folks in the US need to shut the borders to Muslim immigrants to counter Jihadism. Respondents have been asked to agree or disagree with the statements, "I am worried concerning the future" and "I would not have extra youngsters for the sake of the surroundings." "In these corona times it's also interesting to think about how fertility might be affected in the future," says Syse. This is an average figure, and tells us what number of children a lady will give start to, on common, during her fertile years.
Women's well-being improved in 59 countries since the first index was printed in 2017, Researchers at Georgetown University's Institute for Women, Peace and Security and the Peace Research Institute Oslo found. Women in Norway have the very best quality of life according to the most recent Women, Peace and Security Index. Although Germany ranked as probably the greatest in schooling, women lost important floor in illustration in politics.
Anecdotal evidence reveals that the new boards are more dynamic, more open and more progressive than the old ones. This is supported by analysis demonstrating that elevated variety and more women on boards has the potential to extend firm innovation and board effectiveness more broadly. Experienced women with past pre-regulation broad experience, each executive and non-executive. There are research that present women directors have higher formal training than their male counterparts.
What'S Stopping Norwegian Women From Producing Music?
But we all know how good necessity is at fostering innovation, and that's precisely what it did. There have been many dubious statistics used to show how introducing quotas will detrimentally affect company performance, however we find most of this work tenuous and a tad sensationalist. The sample dimension is often small and the time horizon short with many other robust elements such as the financial disaster ignored. The preliminary reactions in Norway have been strong and overwhelmingly sceptical, and arguments elsewhere against quotas mirror these raised in Norway in 2006.
In , she studied art in Paris at the Académie Colarossi and, in the following 12 months, at the Académie Bouvet with Puvis de Chavannes, the essential symbolist. Later she continued her research in Stockholm underneath Richard Bergh and Anders Zorn after which in Copenhagen beneath Niels Skovgaard and Viggo Pedersen. Moving again to Norway in 1905, she began the Painting Federation to promote the variety of women artists exhibiting, and, in 1931, the Artistic Association of Artists.
Pages In Category "Norwegian Female Given Names"
Norwegian women performed an important position within the agricultural and social lives of rural communities. Spurred by a cultural acceptance of labor, women on the farm took on both domestic chores and contributed to the family's economic system by way of manufacturing of meals and materials goods. Those married to ministers had affect because of schooling and social status.
Cathrine Seierstad has received a British Academy, BA-SAMS Small Research Grant and an RDF Grant from the University of Susses to analysis the problem of girls on boards. You do not want to add to Norway's already impressive Chlamydia stat line. Good luck, and ensure to depart a remark if you plan to go to Oslo and possibly we are able to grab a drink at Chair. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I remark. Silk was a vital commodity obtained from Byzantium and China.
One In Five Norwegians Are Worried About Personal Finances, Survey Finds
More youngsters would have compromised my associate's or my health. More children would compromise the ability to care for older siblings. Cools and Hart also asked respondents what matters to them when deciding whether or to not have more children. If we're to imagine the ISF study, many couples actually have fewer youngsters than they would like.
Where To Look For Norwegian Girls For Marriage Online
Sociologist Vibeke Heidenreich has proven how finding appropriate women with interest in board work proved to be comparatively simple. They have been recruited from similar arenas as men with out previous board experience – skilled networks. A loud argument against board quotas was a lack of certified female candidates, as well as the dearth of ladies that wanted these types of positions.
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Audrey Hepburn had a love affair with Marilyn Monroe's photographer before Hollywood fame: report
Before Milton H. Greene passed away in 1984, the celebrated photographer revealed a shocking secret to his son, Joshua Greene — he once had a love...
Former 'M*A*S*H' star Alan Alda explains how he's coping with Parkinson's diagnosis
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Mayim Bialik doing 'better' after saying she's 'not doing so well' post breakup
Mayim Bialik is on the mend after ending a five-year relationship. "The Big Bang Theory" actress admitted on Christmas Eve that she was "not doing...
Rob Kardashian makes rare appearance with daughter dream at family Christmas party
Rob Kardashian is very much a part of the Kardashian family's Christmas festivities, even if we don't always see him. The former "Keeping Up With the Kardashians"...


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Ravenna Homes
After 10 years in leadership positions with one of the largest home builders in Houston, Stephen and Kenneth Najvar decided it was time to start their own home building companies, Ravenna Homes – for high end production homes & Bavaria Builders – for custom homes. But the two are more than just brothers; they're expert homebuilders with nearly 20 years combined experience. Their unwavering devotion to honesty, integrity, superior quality and innovative design are what make Ravenna Homes and Bavaria Builders two of the premier names in the industry.
Speaking of names … Ravenna Homes and Bavaria Builders were chosen as the company names for very sentimental reasons. It was in the quaint Italian town of Ravenna where Stephen and Kenneth's Texas born father, Jerry, and Scottish mother, Maeve, met for the first time. They were married a year later and moved to the southern federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and the Najvar brothers' legacy began. The couple moved back to the United States where Kenneth and Stephen were born, followed by 7 other siblings. It was from their parents and this large family where the brothers learned the values of honesty, integrity, loyalty, and hard work. At only 10 and 8 years old, respectively, the two started a lawn mowing business together, where their dad would watch them to make sure they learned how to do a quality job without 'cutting corners'. They continued this business thru their teenage years until going off to college.
Years later, they worked their way up to Division Presidents with one of the largest home builders in Houston, where they continued to work hard and foster the values they were instilled with. However, after a decade they still felt something was missing and in early 2013, the brothers joined forces again to start their own production and custom home building companies, where they could continue to honor those core values of honesty, integrity, loyalty and hard work they were raised with. Their father has since passed on, but his legacy continues in his children. So what better way to pay homage to the romance of the past and the promise of the future than by naming their companies after the memorable and meaningful places of Ravenna and Bavaria, where it all began for them over 50 years ago.
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As a parent one of the things I'm always looking for is fun outdoor activities for the kids. This does come with some caveats such as not having their legs get burned on slides, not getting splinters on outdoor play lands, not scraping their knees on deteriorated concrete around the playground – you know, all the lessons we learned growing up. The great part is that many of the newly build and newly renovated playground developers learned these same lessons and are building structures that work to prevent these issues. Equal to that the new wave of dry-land play structures local park districts are investing in spray parks.
This is drastically much cheaper then redoing outdoor concrete pools that myself and parents grew up swimming in at the local park. This is also safer because there is almost no measurable drowning risk in splash pad park. (I know that with any water there is a risk, but in perspective of a legit pool, it's much safer). Equal to the improvement in safety, anyone that can walk can have fun in a splash park/pad area. I have seen many of these with soft padded flooring, bumper pads on the spray features themselves and even timers to safe water. These are popping up in the most rural of areas and big cities alike (see downtown Cincinnati for a really fun splash park). Many of these have covered awnings for picnics, decently updated bathrooms, and lighting for evening play.
Granted, this is a summer activity, but when I was growing up it was either swim in the freezing cold local pool or burn your rear-end on a sun-soaked metal slide – neither were that appealing. But now, once again, many families I know locally and nationally are gathering together – hosting their kids birthday parties outside in the these once abandoned and rusty out door parks and rec's areas. In my opinion the cities should have someone managing these areas and even creating safety events, local gatherings, even adult activities – and possibly charge a small fee. I know the team I manage would love to have a good ole' fashion water balloon battle a local spray pad.
Wesley King is the Vice President of Celts Sustainable Aquatics, Chicago's largest full scale aquatic management company. Wesley has over 20 years of aquatic and recreational leadership experience. He has developed multiple award winning programs and presented over a dozen national seminars for organizations such as the Medical Fitness Association, Club Industry, several healthcare organizations. He has chaired the national Medical Fitness Association education committee, is a lead examiner, and has earned his Fellowship with MFA. Wesley also and has his own consulting business. He has become well known for his innovation in aquatic programming, risk management, and quality staff training.
Wesley has provided support and leadership a wide variety of organizations such as YMCA, JCCs and American Red Cross. He was the winner of Aquatics International 2015 "Program of the Year" and recently authored "An Aquatic Operations Management Manual" which is being published by MFA Best Practice Partner, Healthy Learning. Wes was also featured in Recreation management magazine with the "Last Word" feature story. Wes has certified over 3,000 lifeguards, lead over 500 in-service safety trainings, and developed several "best in class" revenue generating programs /risk management review processes.


A Better Camera is the all new camera app for android which is featuring on play store so we thought to review it and explain its core features to you people. A Better Camera is a effort to enable you to take DSLR like photos. It is free to download and can be installed on any android phone above 4.0 ics.
This app gives you plenty of new options and features. One of amazing feature it offers is HDR video recording which is available for devices running on 4.3 jellybean and above.
User interface is quite clean and with colors so it ensures focus can be on screen always. It also offers various gestures to control settings and take clearer shots.
Overall we rate this app with 7.5 stars out of 10 because it is worth installing specially its HDR video recording feature impresses us a lot. This app is a solid competitor of all high rated camera apps out there.
We have attached its direct download link below so give it a try now.
If you like our review and want us to write more share our site with your friends and keep visiting for more updates.


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Q: Linking Excel 2013 cell to Word 2013 table cell adds unwanted line breaks I have a problem where I am trying to copy an excel cell that contains content using a formula, into a word document table cell and link them such that the formatting is used in word.
What happens is when I do a special paste, I am only allowed 2 linking options, Link & keep source formating, or Link & merge formatting. Both gives poor formatting results in which the content of the cell (a text returned from the formula through lookup) adds a line before the result, and a line after the result. This is unacceptable for my purposes as I am trying to minimize vertical white space, while locking the horizontal dimensions of the cell. Any attempt to remove those lines will delete the entire linked object. Pasting as text does not have this problem, as well as typing something into the word table cell, but I lose the automatic update/linking ability.
Making a new object for link gives an even worse result, where it is now pasting the entire spreadsheet into the single cell, and undoing all the formatting in the table.
Help would be appreciated, as this is very frustrating for something that should be very simple.
EDIT: I fixed part of my problem, it turns out I overlooked the Paste Link option in the Paste Special menu. I can now paste the unformatted text into the table cell and not have it add extra formatting from Excel, just like I want it (via Paste Link, and select Unformatted Unicode Text). However, this introduces a new problem where if the links are updated, if the new text of the table cell contains a space, only the first few words are in the correct format that I had specify for the table cell, while the extra words are using the default formatting, instead of the table cell formatting.
To replicate this, Create a table cell in word, assign any formatting other than your current default (such as changing font size to size 7, add bold and italics), then link a cell from excel via special paste by going paste options -> paste link -> unformatted unicode text. What you will see is that the link keeps default formatting and places it infront of the table cell formatting. If you highlight the entire cell again and change the formatting to what is wanted, the current version of the link is now in the proper format. However, if you update the link by changing the text in excel and it contains spaces (or basically more words), the first words will be in the correct formatting, while the last few words will be in the default formatting. The table cell will not be in consistent formatting after update. All done in Word and Excel 2013.

A: In case anyone else runs into this, I was able to synthesize a solution from the updates and other comments above. When you paste the data from Excel into Word, choose Paste > Paste Special..., then choose the Paste Link radio button, and Unformatted Unicode Text. Looks like this in Office 2016:

If your content actually has some formatting, one of the other options might be better. In my case I just wanted the plain text content, which I was then able to style in Word to match its context.

A: Instead of using unicode format, paste the link using RTF and select "Match destination formatting and link to Excel" for the paste options. It should automatically update correctly. If not, right click on the link and go down to "Linked Worksheet Objects", select "Links" from the dropdown and make sure "Preserve formatting after update" is checked.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Jay Chou chills out on Sentosa beach with wife Hannah Quinlivan
Staff Writer, Singapore
Yahoo Lifestyle Singapore 27 August 2018
From left: Jay Chou, Hannah Quinlivan at a beach in Sentosa (PHOTO: Jay Chou/Instagram, Hannah Quinlivan/Instagram)
Mandopop star Jay Chou seems to be enjoying his stay in Singapore after he was spotted relaxing at a beach in Sentosa with his wife, Taiwanese actress-model Hannah Quinlivan, on Sunday (26 August).
This comes after he paid a surprise visit to a local bak kut teh eatery in Balestier on Saturday (25 August).
Chou shared a photo of himself and his friend with their pet dogs at the beach on Instagram, writing in Chinese: "It's the trend at Sentosa's beach to walk your dog during weekends."
His wife also shared a couple of photos of herself on the beach enjoying the sun, in which one of them was captioned: "20% tanning underway!".
Some members of the public spotted the couple at the beach and posted photos of the two on social media, tagging Tanjong Beach Club as the location.
Chou recently performed in Qingdao in China as part of his "The Invincible" world tour, prior to his visit to Singapore.
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