text:
For other uses, see Davy Crockett (disambiguation).
"Davey Crockett" redirects here. For the baseball player and manager, see Davey Crockett (baseball).
American politician and folk hero
Davy Crockett portrait by Chester Harding (1834)
from Tennessee's 12th district
March 4, 1833 – March 4, 1835
District created
Adam Huntsman
from Tennessee's 9th district
Adam Rankin Alexander
William Fitzgerald
David Crockett
(1786-08-17)August 17, 1786
Limestone, Greene County, Tennessee, (at that time, part of North Carolina) U.S.
March 6, 1836(1836-03-06) (aged 49)
Alamo Mission, San Antonio, Texas
National Republican (Anti-Jacksonian)
Whig (after 1833)[1]
Polly Finley (1806–1815; her death)
Elizabeth Patton (1815–1836; his death)
Pioneer, soldier, politician
David Crockett (August 17, 1786 – March 6, 1836) was an American folk hero, frontiersman, soldier, and politician. He is commonly referred to in popular culture by the epithet "King of the Wild Frontier". He represented Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives and served in the Texas Revolution.
Crockett grew up in East Tennessee, where he gained a reputation for hunting and storytelling. He was made a colonel in the militia of Lawrence County, Tennessee and was elected to the Tennessee state legislature in 1821. In 1827, he was elected to the U.S. Congress where he vehemently opposed many of the policies of President Andrew Jackson, especially the Indian Removal Act. Crockett's opposition to Jackson's policies led to his defeat in the 1831 elections. He was re-elected in 1833, then narrowly lost in 1835, prompting his angry departure to Texas (then the Mexican state of Tejas) shortly thereafter. In early 1836, he took part in the Texas Revolution and was "likely" executed at the Battle of the Alamo after being captured by the Mexican Army.[2][3][4]
Crockett became famous during his lifetime for larger-than-life exploits popularized by stage plays and almanacs. After his death, he continued to be credited with acts of mythical proportion. These led in the 20th century to television and movie portrayals, and he became one of the best-known American folk heroes.[5][6]
1 Family and early life
1.1 Marriages and children
1.2 David Crockett family tree
2 Tennessee militia
3 Public career
3.1 Tennessee General Assembly
3.2 United States House of Representatives
4 Texas Revolution
5.1 Controversy
6.1 Namesakes
6.2 Monuments
7.4 Prose fiction
Family and early life
The Crocketts were of mostly French-Huguenot ancestry, although the family had settled in Ireland before migrating to the Americas.[7] The earliest known paternal ancestor was Gabriel Gustave de Crocketagne, whose son Antoine de Saussure Peronette de Crocketagne was given a commission in the Household Troops under French King Louis XIV. Antoine married Louise de Saix and immigrated to Ireland with her, changing the family name to Crockett.[8] Their son Joseph Louis[8] was born in Ireland and married Sarah Stewart. Joseph and Sarah emigrated to New York, where their son William David was born in 1709. He married Elizabeth Boulay. William and Elizabeth's son David was born in Pennsylvania and married Elizabeth Hedge. They were the parents of William, David Jr., Robert, Alexander, James, Joseph, and John,[a] the father of David Crockett who died at the Alamo.
John was born c. 1753 in Frederick County, Virginia.[9] The family moved to Tryon County, North Carolina c. 1768. In 1776, the family moved to northeast Tennessee, in the area now known as Hawkins County.[11] John was one of the Overmountain Men who fought in the Battle of Kings Mountain during the American Revolutionary War.[12] He was away as a militia volunteer in 1777 when David and Elizabeth were killed at their home near today's Rogersville by Creeks and Chickamauga Cherokees led by war chief Dragging Canoe.[13][14] John's brother Joseph was wounded in the skirmish. His brother James was taken prisoner and held for seventeen years.[15]
Commemorative stone.
Replica cabin at Crockett birth site.
John married Rebecca Hawkins in 1780.[16] Their son David was born August 17, 1786,[17] and they named him after John's father.[b] David was born in what is now Greene County, Tennessee (at the time part of North Carolina), close to the Nolichucky River and near the community of Limestone.[c] John continually struggled to make ends meet, and the Crocketts moved to a tract of land on Lick Creek in 1792.[23] John sold that tract of land in 1794 and moved the family to Cove Creek, where he built a gristmill with partner Thomas Galbraith.[24] A flood destroyed the gristmill and the Crockett homestead. The Crocketts then moved to Mossy Creek in Jefferson County, Tennessee, but John forfeited his property in bankruptcy in 1795.[25] The family next moved on to property owned by a Quaker named John Canady.[d] At Morristown in the Southwest Territory, John built a tavern on a stage coach route.[e]
When David was 12 years old, his father indentured him to Jacob Siler to help with the Crockett family indebtedness. He helped tend Siler's cattle as a buckaroo on a 400-mile (640 km) trip to near Natural Bridge in Virginia. He was well treated and paid for his services but, after several weeks in Virginia, he decided to return home to Tennessee.[30] The next year, John enrolled his sons in school, but David played hookey after an altercation with a fellow student. Upon learning of this, John attempted to whip him but was outrun by his son. David then joined a cattle drive to Front Royal, Virginia for Jesse Cheek.[31] Upon completion of that trip, he joined teamster Adam Myers on a trip to Gerrardstown, West Virginia.[32] In between trips with Myers, he worked for farmer John Gray.[33] After leaving Myers, he journeyed to Christiansburg, Virginia, where he apprenticed for the next four years with hatter Elijah Griffith.[34]
Contract of marriage for David Crockett and Margaret Elder, October 21, 1805
In 1802, David journeyed by foot back to his father's tavern in Tennessee.[35] His father was in debt to Abraham Wilson for $36 (equivalent to $643 in 2019), so David was hired out to Wilson to pay off the debt.[36] Later, he worked off a $40 debt to John Canady.[37] Once the debts were paid, John Crockett told his son that he was free to leave. David returned to Canady's employment, where he stayed for four years.[38]
Marriages and children
Crockett fell in love with John Canady's niece Amy Summer, who was engaged to Canady's son Robert.[39] While serving as part of the wedding party, Crockett met Margaret Elder. He persuaded her to marry him, and a marriage contract was drawn up on October 21, 1805.[40] Margaret had also become engaged to another young man at the same time and married him instead.[41]
He met Polly Finley and her mother Jean at a harvest festival.[42] Although friendly towards him in the beginning, Jean Finley eventually felt Crockett was not the man for her daughter.[43] Crockett declared his intentions to marry Polly, regardless of whether the ceremony was allowed to take place in her parents' home or had to be performed elsewhere. He arranged for a justice of the peace and took out a marriage license on August 12, 1806. On August 16, he rode to Polly's house with family and friends, determined to ride off with Polly to be married elsewhere. Polly's father pleaded with Crockett to have the wedding in the Finley home. Crockett agreed only after Jean apologized for her past treatment of him.[44]
The newlyweds settled on land near Polly's parents, and their first child, John Wesley Crockett, who became a United States Congressman,[45] was born July 10, 1807.[46] Their second child, William Finley Crockett, was born November 25, 1808.[46] In October 1811, the family relocated to Lincoln County.[47] Their third child Margaret Finley (Polly) Crockett was born on November 25, 1812.[48] The Crocketts then moved to Franklin County in 1813. He named the new home on Beans Creek "Kentuck". [49] His wife died in March 1815,[50] and Crockett asked his brother John and his sister-in-law to move in with him to help care for the children.[51] That same year, he married the widow Elizabeth Patton, who had a daughter, Margaret Ann, and a son, George.[52] David and Elizabeth's son, Robert Patton, was born September 16, 1816.[53] Daughter Rebecca Elvira was born December 25, 1818.[54] Daughter Matilda was born August 2, 1821.[55]
David Crockett family tree
Gabriel Gustave de Crocketagne m. Mademoiselle de Saix of France[56]
Antoine de Saussure Peronette de Crocketagne (changed name to Crockett) (1643–1735) m. Louise de Saix (1648-)[57]
Joseph Louis Crockett born in Ireland (1676–1749) m. Sarah Gilbert Stewart (1680–1776)[58]
William David Crockett (1709–1770) m. Elizabeth Boulay (1710-)
David "the Elder" Crockett (1729–1777) m. Elizabeth Hedge (1730–1777)
William Crockett (1748–1846)[59]
David Crockett Jr.[60]
Robert Crockett[61]
Alexander Crockett[62]
James Crockett[63]
Joseph Crockett[64]
John Crockett (1753–1834) m. Rebecca Hawkins (1756–1832)[65]
Margaret Catharine Crockett (c1778-1792)
Nathan Crockett (1778–1839)
William Crockett (1780–1840)
Aaron Crockett (1782–1835)
James Patterson Crockett (1784–1834)
David Crockett (1786–1836)
m. Polly Finley (1788–1815)[66]
John Wesley Crockett (1807–1852)[67] m. Martha Hamilton
William Finley Crockett (1809–1846)[68] m. Clorinda Boyett
Margaret Finley (Polly) Crockett (1812–1860)[69] m. Wiley Flowers
m. Elizabeth Patton (1788–1860)[70]
Robert Patton Crockett (1816–1889)[71]
m. Matilda Porter
m. Louisa A. Wohlford
m. Lydia America Corley
Rebecca Elvira Crockett (1818–1879)[72]
m. George Kimbrough
m. James Halford
Matilda Crockett (1821–1890)[73]
m. Thomas P. Tyson
m. James Wilson
m. Redden Fields
John Crockett (1787–1841)
Elizabeth Crockett (1788–1805)
Rebecca Crockett (1796–1819)
Tennessee militia
US postage stamp, issue of 1967
Andrew Jackson was appointed major general of the Tennessee militia in 1802.[74] The Fort Mims massacre occurred near Mobile, Mississippi Territory on August 30, 1813 and became a rallying cry for the Creek War.[75] On September 20, Crockett left his family and enlisted as a scout for an initial term of 90 days with Francis Jones's Company of Mounted Rifleman,[76] part of the Second Regiment of Volunteer Mounted Riflemen.[77] They served under Colonel John Coffee in the war, marching south into present-day Alabama and taking an active part in the fighting.[78] Crockett often hunted wild game for the soldiers, and felt better suited to that role than killing Creek warriors.[79] He served until December 24, 1813.[80]
The War of 1812 was being waged concurrently with the Creek War. After the Treaty of Fort Jackson in August 1814, Andrew Jackson, now with the U.S. Army, wanted the British forces ousted from Spanish Florida[81] and asked for support from the Tennessee militia. Crockett re-enlisted as third sergeant for a six-month term with the Tennessee Mounted Gunmen under Captain John Cowan on September 28, 1814.[82] Crockett's unit saw little of the main action because they were days behind the rest of the troops and were focused mostly on foraging for food. Crockett returned home in December.[83] He was still on a military reserve status until March 1815, so he hired a young man to fulfill the remainder of his service.[84]
Public career
Davy Crockett by William Henry Huddle, 1889
In 1817, Crockett moved the family to new acreage in Lawrence County, where he first entered public office as a commissioner helping to configure the new county's boundaries.[85] On November 25, the state legislature appointed him county justice of the peace.[86] On March 27, 1818, he was elected lieutenant colonel of the Fifty-seventh Regiment of Tennessee Militia, defeating candidate Daniel Matthews for the position.[87] By 1819, Crockett was operating multiple businesses in the area and felt his public responsibilities were beginning to consume so much of his time and energy that he had little left for either family or business. He resigned from the office of justice of the peace and from his position with the regiment.[88]
Tennessee General Assembly
In 1821, he resigned as commissioner and successfully ran for a seat in the Tennessee General Assembly,[89] representing Lawrence and Hickman counties.[90] It was this election where Crockett honed his anecdotal oratory skills.[91] He was appointed to the Committee of Propositions and Grievances on September 17, 1821, and served through the first session that ended November 17, as well as the special session called by the governor in the summer of 1822, ending on August 24.[92][93] He favored legislation to ease the tax burden on the poor.[94] Crockett spent his entire legislative career fighting for the rights of impoverished settlers who he felt dangled on the precipice of losing title to their land due to the state's complicated system of grants.[94][95] He supported 1821 gubernatorial candidate William Carroll, over Andrew Jackson's endorsed candidate Edward Ward.[96]
Less than two weeks after Crockett's 1821 election to the General Assembly, a flood of the Tennessee River destroyed Crockett's businesses.[97] In November, Elizabeth's father Robert Patton deeded 800 acres (320 ha) of his Carroll County property to Crockett.[98] Crockett sold off most of the acreage to help settle his debts, and moved his family to the remaining acreage on the Obion River, which remained in Carroll County until 1825 when the boundaries were reconfigured and put it in Gibson County.[99] In 1823, he ran against Andrew Jackson's nephew-in-law William Edward Butler[100] and won a seat in the General Assembly representing the counties of Carroll, Humphreys, Perry, Henderson and Madison.[101] He served in the first session, which ran from September through the end of November 1823, and in the second session that ran September through the end of November 1824, championing the rights of the impoverished farmers.[102] During Andrew Jackson's election to the United States Senate in 1823, Crockett backed his opponent John Williams.[103]
On October 25, 1824, Crockett notified his constituents of his intention to run in the 1825 election for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. He lost that election to incumbent Adam Rankin Alexander.[104] A chance meeting in 1826 gained him the encouragement of Memphis mayor Marcus Brutus Winchester[105] to try again to win a seat in Congress.[106] The Jackson Gazette published a letter from Crockett on September 15, 1826 announcing his intention of again challenging Rankin, and stating his opposition to the policies of President John Quincy Adams and Secretary of State Henry Clay and to Rankin's position on the cotton tariff.[107] Militia veteran William Arnold also entered the race, and Crockett easily defeated both political opponents for the 1827–29 term.[108][109] He arrived in Washington, D.C. and took up residence at Mrs. Ball's Boarding House, where a number of other legislators lived when Congress was in session.[110] Jackson was elected as President in 1828. Crockett continued his legislative focus on settlers getting a fair deal for land titles, offering H.R. 27 amendment to a bill sponsored by James K. Polk.[111]
I believed it was a wicked, unjust measure.... I voted against this Indian bill, and my conscience yet tells me that I gave a good honest vote, and one that I believe will not make me ashamed in the day of judgement.
—David Crockett, A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett[112]
Crockett was re-elected for the 1829–31 session,[113] once again defeating Adam Rankin Alexander.[114] He introduced H.R. 185 amendment to the land bill on January 29, 1830, but it was defeated on May 3.[111] On February 25, 1830, he introduced a resolution to abolish the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York[115] because he felt that it was public money going to benefit the sons of wealthy men.[116] He spoke out against Congress giving $100,000 to the widow of Stephen Decatur, citing that Congress was not empowered to do that.[117] He opposed Jackson's 1830 Indian Removal Act and was the only member of the Tennessee delegation to vote against it.[118] Cherokee chief John Ross sent him a letter on January 13, 1831 expressing his thanks for Crockett's vote.[119] His vote was not popular with his own district, and he was defeated in the 1831 election by William Fitzgerald.[120]
Crockett ran against Fitzgerald again in the 1833 election and was returned to Congress, serving until 1835.[121][93] On January 2, 1834, he introduced the land title resolution H.R. 126, but it never made it as far as being debated on the House floor.[111] He was defeated for re-election in the August 1835 election by Adam Huntsman.[122] During his last term in Congress, he collaborated with Kentucky Congressman Thomas Chilton to write his autobiography, which was published by E. L. Carey and A. Hart in 1834 as A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett, Written by Himself,[123] and he went east to promote the book. In 1836, newspapers published the now-famous quotation attributed to Crockett upon his return to his home state:
I told the people of my district that I would serve them as faithfully as I had done; but if not, they might go to hell, and I would go to Texas.[124]
Portrait of Davy Crockett by John Gadsby Chapman
By December 1834, Crockett was writing to friends about moving to Texas if Jackson's chosen successor Martin Van Buren was elected President. The next year, he discussed with his friend Benjamin McCulloch raising a company of volunteers to take to Texas in the expectation that a revolution was imminent.[125] His departure to Texas was delayed by a court appearance in the last week of October as co-executor of his deceased father-in-law's estate; he finally left his home near Rutherford in West Tennessee with three other men on November 1, 1835 to explore Texas.[126] His youngest child Matilda later wrote that she distinctly remembered the last time that she saw her father:
He was dressed in his hunting suit, wearing a coonskin cap, and carried a fine rifle presented to him by friends in Philadelphia.... He seemed very confident the morning he went away that he would soon have us all to join him in Texas.[127]
Crockett traveled with 30 well-armed men to Jackson, Tennessee, where he gave a speech from the steps of the Madison County courthouse, and they arrived in Little Rock, Arkansas on November 12, 1835. The local newspapers reported that hundreds of people swarmed into town to get a look at Crockett, and a group of leading citizens put on a dinner in his honor that night at the Jeffries Hotel. Crockett spoke "mainly to the subject of Texan independence," as well as Washington politics.[128]
Crockett arrived in Nacogdoches, Texas in early January 1836. On January 14, he and 65 other men signed an oath before Judge John Forbes to the Provisional Government of Texas for six months: "I have taken the oath of government and have enrolled my name as a volunteer and will set out for the Rio Grande in a few days with the volunteers from the United States." Each man was promised about 4,600 acres (1,900 ha) of land as payment. On February 6, he and five other men rode into San Antonio de Bexar and camped just outside the town.
The Fall of the Alamo by Robert Jenkins Onderdonk depicts Davy Crockett swinging his rifle at Mexican troops who have breached the south gate of the mission.
Crockett arrived at the Alamo Mission in San Antonio on February 8.[129] A Mexican army arrived on February 23 led by General Antonio López de Santa Anna, surprising the men garrisoned in the Alamo, and the Mexican soldiers immediately initiated a siege.[130][131] Santa Anna ordered his artillery to keep up a near-constant bombardment. The guns were moved closer to the Alamo each day, increasing their effectiveness. On February 25, 200–300 Mexican soldiers crossed the San Antonio River and took cover in abandoned shacks approximately 90 to 100 yards (82 to 91 m) from the Alamo walls.[132][133] The soldiers intended to use the huts as cover to establish another artillery position, although many Texians assumed that they actually were launching an assault on the fort.[134] Several men volunteered to burn the huts.[135] To provide cover, the Alamo cannons fired grapeshot at the Mexican soldiers, and Crockett and his men fired rifles, while other defenders reloaded extra weapons for them to use in maintaining a steady fire. The battle was over within 90 minutes,[134] and the Mexican soldiers retreated.[136] There were limited stores of powder and shot inside the Alamo, and Alamo commander William Barret Travis ordered the artillery to stop returning fire on February 26 so as to conserve precious ammunition. Crockett and his men were encouraged to keep shooting, as they were unusually effective.[137]
A knife purportedly used by Davy Crockett during the Battle of the Alamo
As the siege progressed, Travis sent many messages asking for reinforcements. Several messengers were sent to James Fannin who commanded the group of Texian soldiers at Presidio La Bahia in Goliad, TX. Fannin decided that it was too risky to reinforce the Alamo, although historian Thomas Ricks Lindley concludes that up to 50 of Fannin's men left his command to go to Bexar.[138] These men would have reached Cibolo Creek on the afternoon of March 3, 35 miles (56 km) from the Alamo, where they joined another group of men who also planned to join the garrison.[139]
There was a skirmish between Mexican and Texian troops that same night outside the Alamo.[140] Historian Walter Lord speculates that the Texians were creating a diversion to allow their courier John Smith to evade Mexican pickets.[140] However, Alamo survivor Susannah Dickinson said in 1876 that Travis sent out three men shortly after dark on March 3, probably a response to the arrival of Mexican reinforcements. The three men—including Crockett—were sent to find Fannin.[141] Lindley states that Crockett and one of the other men found the force of Texians waiting along Cibolo Creek just before midnight; they had advanced to within 20 miles (32 km) of the Alamo. Just before daylight on March 4, part of the Texian force managed to break through the Mexican lines and enter the Alamo. A second group was driven across the prairie by Mexican cavalry.[142]
The siege ended on March 6 when the Mexican army attacked just before dawn while the defenders were sleeping. The daily artillery bombardment had been suspended, perhaps a ploy to encourage the natural human reaction to a cessation of constant strain. But the garrison awakened and the final fight began. Most of the noncombatants gathered in the church sacristy for safety. According to Dickinson, Crockett paused briefly in the chapel to say a prayer before running to his post.[143] The Mexican soldiers climbed up the north outer walls of the Alamo complex, and most of the Texians fell back to the barracks and the chapel, as previously planned.[144] Crockett and his men, however, were too far from the barracks to take shelter[145] and were the last remaining group to be in the open. They defended the low wall in front of the church, using their rifles as clubs and relying on knives, as the action was too furious to allow reloading. After a volley and a charge with bayonets, Mexican soldiers pushed the few remaining defenders back toward the church.[146]
A coffin in the San Fernando Cathedral purports to hold the ashes of the Alamo defenders. However, historians believe it more probable that the ashes were buried near the Alamo.
The Battle of the Alamo lasted almost 90 minutes,[147] and all of the defenders were killed. Santa Anna ordered his men to take their bodies to a nearby stand of trees, where they were stacked together and wood piled on top.[148] That evening, they lit a fire and burned their bodies to ashes.[149] The ashes were left undisturbed until February 1837, when Juan Seguin and his cavalry returned to Bexar to examine the remains. A local carpenter created a simple coffin, and ashes from the funeral pyres were placed inside. The names of Travis, Crockett, and Bowie were inscribed on the lid.[150] The coffin is thought to have been buried in a peach tree grove, but the spot was not marked and can no longer be identified.[151]
The David Crockett Spring in Crockett, Houston County, Texas
All that is certain about the fate of David Crockett is that he died at the Alamo on the morning of March 6, 1836 at age 49. According to many accounts, between five and seven Texians surrendered during the battle, possibly to General Castrillón.[152][153] Santa Anna had ordered the Mexicans to take no prisoners, and he was incensed that those orders had been ignored. He demanded the immediate execution of the survivors, but Castrillón and several other officers refused to do so. Staff officers who had not participated in the fighting drew their swords and killed the unarmed Texians.[154]
Weeks after the battle, stories began to circulate that Crockett was among those who surrendered and were executed.[153] A former African-American slave named Ben had acted as cook for one of Santa Anna's officers, and he maintained that Crockett's body was found in the barracks surrounded by "no less than sixteen Mexican corpses", with Crockett's knife buried in one of them.[155]
Yet, in 1955, Jesús Sánchez Garza discovered the memoirs of José Enrique de la Peña, a Mexican officer present at the Battle of the Alamo, and self-published it as La Rebelión de Texas – Manuscrito Inédito de 1836 por un Ofical de Santa Anna. Texas A&M University Press published the English translation in 1975 With Santa Anna in Texas: A Personal Narrative of the Revolution. The English publication caused a scandal within the United States, as it asserted that Crockett did not die in battle.[156] The translator of the English-publication, Carmen Perry, the former librarian of the Daughters of the Republic of Texas, was harassed with anonymous letters and intimidating phone calls by Crockett-loyalists who considered the mere suggestion that Crockett had not died fighting blasphemous.[157] Written testimony by more than a half dozen eyewitnesses confirm de la Peña's account.[158]
Some have questioned the validity of the text. The author and retired firefighter, William Groneman III, posited that the journals were made up of several different types of paper from several different paper manufacturers, all cut down to fit.[159] Long-time John Wayne enthusiast, Joseph Musso,[160] also questioned the validity of de la Peña's diary, basing his suspicions on the timing of the diary's release, and the fact that historical interest in the topic rose around the same time as the Walt Disney mini-series Davy Crockett was released in 1955. Some questions were answered when:
Finally, in 2001, archivist David Gracy published a detailed analysis of the manuscript, including lab results. He found, among other things, that the paper and ink were of a type used by the Mexican army in the 1830s, and the handwriting matched that on other documents in the Mexican military archives that were written or signed by de la Peña.[161][162]
David Crockett clipper ship card
As for those who have questioned de la Peña's ability to identify any of the Alamo defenders by name, historians believe that de la Peña likely witnessed or was told about executions of the Alamo survivors. And while some claim neither he nor his comrades would have known who those men were,[163] others conclude that the "enormous weight of evidence" is in favor of the surrender-execution hypothesis.[158]
One of Crockett's sayings, which were published in almanacs between 1835 and 1856 (along with those of Daniel Boone and Kit Carson), was: "Always be sure you are right, then go ahead."[164]
While serving in the United States House of Representatives, Crockett became a Freemason. He entrusted his masonic apron to a friend in Tennessee before leaving for Texas, and it was inherited by the friend's descendant in Kentucky.[165]
In 1967 the U.S. Postal Service issued a 5-cent stamp commemorating Davy Crockett.[166][167]
Col. Crockett statue, Lawrenceburg Public Square
Davy Crockett Birthplace State Park, Greene County
David Crockett State Park, Lawrence County[168]
Crockett County, Tennessee; its county seat is Alamo[169]
David Crockett High School, Jonesborough
Crockett County[170]
Crockett, Texas, Houston County[171]
Crockett High School, Austin independent school District[172]
Davy Crockett Lake, Fannin County[173]
Davy Crockett Loop, Prairies and Pineywoods Wildlife Trail – East[174]
Crockett Middle School, Amarillo
Davy Crockett National Forest, Angelina County[175]
Davy Crockett School, Dallas independent school District[176]
Crockett Elementary School, Abilene independent school District, Abilene, Texas, (closed 2002.)
Crockett Street, a major thoroughfare in Downtown San Antonio
Fort Crockett, Galveston County[177]
M28 Davy Crockett Weapon System: a small Nuclear weapons system, the smallest developed by the U.S. which could be fired from a light vehicle, or from a tripod mounted launcher.[178]
Crockett park north of downtown San Antonio
Alamo Cenotaph, San Antonio, sculptor Pompeo Coppini, west panel of the Cenotaph features a Crockett statue and a statue of William B. Travis in front of other Alamo defenders[179]
David Crockett Statue, Ozona, Texas, sculptor William M. McVey[180][181]
LIfe-size statue Colonel David Crockett, Public Square, Lawrenceburg, Tennessee, W.M.Dean Marble Company of Columbia[182][183]
This article appears to contain trivial, minor, or unrelated references to popular culture. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture, providing citations to reliable, secondary sources, rather than simply listing appearances. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2018)
Fess Parker as Davy Crockett in Disneyland.
Walt Disney adapted Crockett's stories into a television miniseries titled Davy Crockett, which aired between 1954 and 1955 on Walt Disney's Disneyland. The series popularized the image of Crockett, portrayed by Fess Parker, wearing a coonskin cap, and originated the song "The Ballad of Davy Crockett".
Crockett's stories were adapted by French animation studio Studios Animage into a 1994 animated series titled Davy Crockett.[184]
A 2009 episode of MythBusters tested whether Crockett could split a bullet in half on an axe in a tree 40 yards away. The myth was declared "Confirmed".[185]
In films, Crockett has been played by:
Charles K. French, Davy Crockett – In Hearts United (1909), silent[186]
Hobart Bosworth, Davy Crockett (1910), silent[187]
Dustin Farnum, Davy Crockett (1916), silent[188]
Cullen Landis (Davy Crockett at the Fall of the Alamo, 1926, silent)[189]
Jack Perrin (The Painted Stallion, 1937)[190]
Lane Chandler (Heroes of the Alamo, 1937)[189]
Robert Barrat (Man of Conquest, 1939)[191]
Trevor Bardette (The Man from the Alamo, 1953)[192]
Arthur Hunnicutt (The Last Command, 1955)[189]
Fess Parker (Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier, 1955, and Davy Crockett and the River Pirates, 1956, both on Walt Disney's Disneyland)[189]
James Griffith (The First Texan, 1956)[193]
John Wayne (The Alamo, 1960)[189]
Brian Keith (The Alamo: 13 Days to Glory, 1987)[189]
Merrill Connally (Alamo: The Price of Freedom, 1988)[194]
Johnny Cash (Davy Crockett: Rainbow in the Thunder, 1988)[195]
Tim Dunigan (Davy Crockett: Rainbow in the Thunder, Davy Crockett: A Natural Man, Davy Crockett: Guardian Spirit, Davy Crockett: Letter to Polly, 1988–1989)[195]
David Zucker (The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear, 1991 [a very small cameo role])[196]
John Schneider (James A. Michener's Texas, 1994)[197]
Scott Wickware (Dear America: A Line in the Sand, 2000)[198]
Justin Howard (The Anarchist Cookbook, 2002)[199]
Billy Bob Thornton (The Alamo, 2004)"[189]
Davy Crockett (1872), popular touring play of its time, by Frank Murdoch
Davy Crockett, musical play (unfinished), January to April 1938, Kurt Weill[200][201]
Crockett appears in at least two short alternate history works: "Chickasaw Slave" by Judith Moffett in Mike Resnick's anthology Alternate Presidents (1992), where Crockett is the seventh President of the United States, and "Empire" by William Sanders in Harry Turtledove's anthology Alternate Generals II (2002) where Crockett fights for Emperor Napoleon I of Louisiana in a conflict analogous to the War of 1812.[202]
Columbia Features syndicated a comic strip, Davy Crockett, Frontiersman, from June 20, 1955 until 1959. Stories were by France Herron[203] and the artwork was ghosted in early 1956 by Jack Kirby.[204]
Biography portal
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^ Historians believe that there were more children of William David and Elizabeth, but that not all the records have yet been found.[9][10]
^ The number of David's siblings is not fully known. Nine children of John and Rebecca have been verified by historians and Crockett descendants: Nathan, William, Aaron, James, David, John, Elizabeth, Rebecca, and Margaret Catharine.[18][18][8][19]
^ At the time of David Crockett's birth, the surrounding area was part of an autonomous territory known as the State of Franklin. John Crockett was active in local politics and an advocate of the independent State of Franklin.[20][21] A replica of his birthplace cabin stands near the site, now situated in the Davy Crockett Birthplace State Park[22]
^ John Canady's name was erroneously spelled as Kennedy in Crockett's autobiography, and in some books where the author used Crockett as the source.[26][27][28]
^ Crockett Tavern Museum now stands on the site.[25][29]
^ Price, Angel. "Davy Crockett- Bear Hunting in Tennessee".
^ De La Pena, Jose Enrique (1975). With Santa Anna in Texas A Personal Narrative of the Revolution. Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 9780890960011.
^ Weber, David J. (January 1990). Myth and the History of the Hispanic Southwest. University of New Mexico Press. p. 137. ISBN 978-0-8263-1194-8.
^ Kilgore, Dan (January 19, 2010). How Did Davy Die? And Why Do We Care So Much?: Commemorative Edition (Elma Dill Russell Spencer Series in the West and Southwest) (Commemorative ed.). Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 978-1603441940.
^ Abramson, Haskell & Lofaro 2006, pp. 300–301.
^ Lofaro, Michael A (December 2010). "David "Davy" Crockett". Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ Winders 2001, p. 9.
^ a b c DRT 2001, p. 43.
^ a b Wallis 2011, p. 19.
^ Winders 2001, p. 12.
^ Wallis 2011, pp. 22–24.
^ Jones 2006, p. 1796.
^ Wallis 2011, pp. 26, 34.
^ Fulgham 2000, p. 102.
^ Wallis 2011, p. 21.
^ a b Wallis 2011, pp. 11–12.
^ Hasday 2010, p. 7.
^ "Greene County". The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
^ "David Crockett Birthplace State Park". Tennessee State Parks. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, pp. 163–164.
^ Groneman 2005, p. .34.
^ Wallis 2011, pp. 67.
^ "Davy Crockett's Marriage License Back in Rightful Place" (PDF). The Blue Pages. Vol. 1 no. 3. Office of the Secretary of State of Tennessee. May 2010. Retrieved November 2, 2013.
^ Wallis 2011, pp. 76=77.
^ "John Wesley Crockett". United States Congress. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
^ Wallis 2011, p. 131.
^ DRT (2001), p.43
^ Wallis (2011), p.19
^ Wallis (2011), pp.76-77
^ Wallis (2011), p.146
^ Remini & Clark 2008, p. 24.
^ Wallis 2011, pp. 103–104.
^ Bense 1999, p. 45.
^ "Members of the Tennessee General Assembly 1794–2010". Tennessee State Library and Archives. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2013.
^ a b Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 326.
^ a b Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 16.
^ "Early North Carolina and Tennessee Land Grants". Tennessee State Library and Archives. Archived from the original on January 23, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2013.
^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 15.
^ Wallis 2011, pp. 177,190.
^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, pp. 19, 326.
^ "Marcus Brutus Winchester". Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 147.
^ "Credential of election for David Crockett, 09/18/1827". U.S. National Archives and Records Administration ARC Identifier 306597. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
^ a b c Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 327.
^ Crockett 1834, p. 206.
^ "Crockett, David, (1786–1836)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
^ Groneman 2005, p. 95.
^ "Congressman Davy Crockett's Resolution to Abolish the Military Academy at West Point, 02/25/1830". U.S. National Archives and Records Administration ARC Identifier 2173241. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
^ Groneman 2005, pp. 96–97.
^ Groneman 2005, pp. 106–107–99.
^ Groneman 2005, pp. 109–110.
^ *Crockett quote from the Niles Weekly Register newspaper Archived November 12, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, April 9, 1836
^ Cobia 2003, pp. 21–22.
^ Derr 1983, pp. 225–226.
^ Cobia 2003, p. 25.
^ Hardin 1994, p. 117.
^ Edmondson 2000, p. 299.
^ Todish, Todish & Spring 1998, p. 40.
^ Todish, Todish & Spring 1998, pp. 42–43.
^ Tinkle 1985, p. 118.
^ a b Tinkle 1985, p. 119.
^ Lord 1961, p. 109.
^ Nofi 1992, p. 83.
^ Lindley 2003, p. 137.
^ a b Lindley 2003, p. 143.
^ Petite 1999, p. 114.
^ a b Petite 1999, p. 123.
^ Todish, Todish & Spring 1998, p. 120.
^ Paulsen, Barbara. "Say It Ain't So, Davy". Texas Monthly.
^ a b Paulsen 2017. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPaulsen2017 (help)
^ Groneman 1999, p. 136.
^ Spangenberger, Phil. "Davy Crockett's "Ol' Betsy" Found". True West: History of the American Frontier. True West.
^ Adams, Cecil. "Remembering the Alamo (and the death of Davy Crockett)". straightdope. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
^ Gracy II, David B. (October 2001). "Just As I Have Written It: A Study of the Authenticity of the Manuscript of José Enrique de la Peña's Account of the Texas Campaign". Southwestern Historical Quarterly. 105 (2): 254–294.
^ "Michael Lind's, The Death of David Crockett". tamu.edu. Archived from the original on October 15, 2008. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
^ "... made for him by Mrs. A.C. Massie of Washington, D.C., during his tenure in Congress. Before leaving for Texas, he entrusted the apron to the sheriff of Weakley County, Tennessee, and it was inherited and preserved by the sheriff's nephew, E.M. Taylor of Paducah, Kentucky. The lodge at Weakley County, near the Crockett home, burned during the Civil War destroying all the lodge records. From The Texas Mason By Pete Normand, PM Texas Lodge of Research"; Crockett, Davy. "Grand Lodge of Texas". Masonic Research. Grand Lodge of Texas. Archived from the original on May 12, 2012. Retrieved July 29, 2012. CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^ "Stamp Series". United States Postal Service. Archived from the original on December 13, 2013. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
^ Davy Crockett stamp U.S. Stamp Gallery
^ "David Crockett State Park". Tennessee Dept of Environment and Conservation. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ "Crockett County, Tennessee". Tennessee Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ Smith, Julia Cauble. "Crockett County". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ Long, Christopher; Bishop, Elize H. "Crockett, Texas". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ "Crockett High School". Austin ISD. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ "Davy Crockett Lake". Texas Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ "Davy Crockett Loop". Great Texas Wildlife Trails. Texas Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ "Davy Crockett National Forest". U.S. Dept of Agriculture. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ "Davy Crockett School". Dallas City Hall. Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ Darst, Maury. "Fort Crockett". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ "The Davy Crockett". The Brookings Institution. Archived from the original on May 26, 2013. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ "Alamo Cenotaph". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association.
^ "David Crockett Statue, Ozona, Tx". Crockett County Museum. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
^ Little 1996, p. 348.
^ "Lawrenceburg Public Square". City of Lawrenceburg. Archived from the original on April 23, 2013. Retrieved January 25, 2013. CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^ "D Crockett Statue, Lawrenceburg, Tn". Waymarking. Retrieved January 25, 2013.
^ "Davy Crockett". AnimeGuides (in French). Retrieved August 31, 2018.
^ "MythBusters Episode 118: Swimming in Syrup". mythresults.com. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
^ The Moving Picture World, Volume 4. Moving Pictures Exhibitors Association. 1909. pp. 653, 690, 734, 760, 769, 780, 811, 885.
^ Langman 1992, p. 108.
^ Cozad 2002, pp. 229–230.
^ a b c d e f g Niemi 2006, pp. 10–16.
^ Michno, Michno & Michno 2008, pp. 53–55.
^ Langman & Ebner 2001, pp. 52–53.
^ Williamson 1995, pp. 278–279.
^ Curtis, Gregory (May 1988). "The myth of the six-story Alamo". Texas Monthly. pp. 5, 6.
^ a b Marill 2011, p. 22.
^ The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear on IMDb
^ New York Media, LLC (April 17, 1995). "John Leonard's TV Notes". New York. p. 157.
^ Dear America: A Line in the Sand on IMDb
^ Monush & Willis 2005, p. 190.
^ "Davy Crockett musical play". AllMusic. Retrieved January 25, 2013.
^ "Davy Crockett : piano score / Kurt Weill". U.S. Copyright Records Database. United States Copyright Office. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
^ http://www.uchronia.net/label/sandempire.html
^ Leiffer, Paul; Ware, Hames (n.d.). "Herron, Ed". Who's Who of American Comic Strip Producers. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016.
^ Holtz, Allan. "Obscurity of the Day: Davy Crockett, Frontiersman," Stripper's Guide (September 18, 2018).
Abramson, Rudy; Haskell, Jean; Lofaro, Michael (2006). Encyclopedia of Appalachia. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press. ISBN 978-1-57233-456-4.
Bense, Judith A. (1999). Archaeology of Colonial Pensacola (Florida Museum of Natural History: Ripley P. Bullen Series). Gainesville: University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-1661-0.
Boylston, James R.; Wiener, Allen J. (2009). David Crockett in Congress: The Rise and Fall of the Poor Man's Friend. Houston, TX: Bright Sky Press. ISBN 978-1-933979-51-9.
Cobia, Manley F., Jr. (2003). Journey into the Land of Trials: The Story of Davy Crockett's Expedition to the Alamo. Franklin, TN: Hillsboro Press. ISBN 978-1-57736-268-5.
Cozad, W. Lee (2002). Those Magnificent Mountain Movies: The Golden Years 1911–1939. Lake Arrowhead, CA: Rim of the World Historic Society. ISBN 978-0-9723372-1-2.
Crockett, David (1834). A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett. Baltimore, MD: E. L. Carey and A. Hart. OCLC 1306778.
Derr, Mark (1983). The Frontiersman : The Real Life and the Many Legends of Davy Crockett. New York: William Morrow. ISBN 978-0-688-13798-4.
DRT (2001). Daughters of Republic of Texas – Vol II. Paducah, KY: Turner Publishing. ISBN 978-1-56311-641-4.
Edmondson, J.R. (2000). The Alamo Story-From History to Current Conflicts. Plano: Republic of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-585-24106-7.
Fulgham, Richard Lee (2000). Appalachian Genesis: The Clinch River Valley from Prehistoric Times to the End of the Frontier Era. Johnson City, TN: Overmountain Press. ISBN 978-1-57072-088-8.
Groneman, Bill (1999). Death of a Legend: The Myth and Mystery Surrounding the Death of Davy Crockett. Plano: Republic of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-585-26267-3.
Groneman, William (2005). David Crockett: Hero of the Common Man. New York: Forge Books. ISBN 978-0-7653-1067-5.
Hardin, Stephen L.. (1994). Texian Iliad. Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-73086-1.
Hasday, Judy L. (2010). Davy Crockett (Legends of the Wild West). New York: Chelsea House Publications. ISBN 978-1-60413-592-3.
Jones, Randell (2006). In the Footsteps of Davy Crockett. Winston-Salem, NC: John F. Blair. ISBN 978-0-89587-324-8.
Langman, Larry (1992). A guide to silent westerns. New York: Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-27858-7.
Langman, Larry; Ebner, David (2001). Hollywood's Image of the South: A Century of Southern Films. New York: Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-31886-3.
Lindley, Thomas Ricks (2003). Alamo Traces: New Evidence and New Conclusions. Lanham, MD: Republic of Texas Press. ISBN 978-1-55622-983-1.
Little, Carol Morris (1996). A Comprehensive Guide to Outdoor Sculpture in Texas. Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-76036-3.
Lord, Walter (1961). A Time to Stand. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-7902-5.
Marill, Alvin H. (2011). Television Westerns: Six Decades of Sagebrush Sheriffs, Scalawags, and Sidewinders. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8133-4.
Michno, Gregory; Michno, Gregory F.; Michno, Susan (2008). Circle the Wagons!: Attacks on Wagon Trains in History and Hollywood Films. Jefferson. NC: McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-3997-3.
Monush, Barry; Willis, John (2005). Screen World: 2004 Film Annual. New York: Applause Theatre & Cinema Books. ISBN 978-1-55783-638-0.
Niemi, Robert (2006). History in the Media: Film And Television. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-952-2.
Nofi, Albert A. (1992). The Alamo and the Texas War of Independence, September 30, 1835 to April 21, 1836: Heroes, Myths, and History. Conshohocken, PA: Combined Books, Inc. ISBN 978-0-585-19807-1.
Petite, Mary Deborah (1999). 1836 Facts about the Alamo and the Texas War for Independence. Mechanicsburg, PA: Savas Publishing Company. ISBN 978-1-882810-35-2.
Remini, Robert V.; Clark, Wesley K. (2008). Andrew Jackson (Great Generals). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-60015-7.
Roberts, Randy; Olson, James S (2001). A Line in the Sand: The Alamo in Blood and Memory. New York: The Free Press. ISBN 978-0-684-83544-0.
Tinkle, Lon (1985). 13 Days to Glory: The Siege of the Alamo. College Station: Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 978-0-89096-238-1. . Reprint. Originally published: New York: McGraw-Hill, 1958
Todish, Timothy J.; Todish, Terry; Spring, Ted (1998). Alamo Sourcebook, 1836: A Comprehensive Guide to the Battle of the Alamo and the Texas Revolution. Austin, TX: Eakin Press. ISBN 978-1-57168-152-2.
Wallis, Michael (2011). David Crockett: The Lion of the West. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-06758-3.
Whitburn, Joel (2000). Top Pop Singles 1955–1999. Menomonee Falls, WI: Record Research, Inc. ISBN 978-0-89820-142-0.
Williamson, Jerry Wayne (1995). Hillbillyland: What the Movies Did to the Mountains and What the Mountains Did to the Movies. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4503-5.
Winders, Richard Bruce (2001). Davy Crockett: The Legend of the Wild Frontier. New York: Rosen Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8239-5747-7.
Main article: Bibliography of works on Davy Crockett
Numerous books have been written about David Crockett, including the first one that bears his name as its author.
Davy Crockettat Wikipedia's sister projects
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United States Congress. "Davy Crockett (id: C000918)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
Online books, and library resources in your library and in other libraries about Davy Crockett
Online books, and library resources in your library and in other libraries by Davy Crockett
Works by Davy Crockett at Project Gutenberg
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David Crocket: His Life and Adventures by John S. C. Abbott public domain audiobook at LibriVox
Official site of the descendants of David Crockett
David Crockett from the Handbook of Texas Online
First Hand Alamo Accounts
David Crockett (1834). A narrative of the life of David Crockett of the state of Tennessee. Carey, Hart & CO. p. 1.
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Jeremy Wright is now heading up digital for the UK.
It's so reassuring when a politician with expert knowledge of a subject gets appointed to the topmost position of power in the country.
Unfortunately, that is not what happened in the UK when Theresa May appointed a new digital minister — a man with virtually no online presence whatsoever. Great.
Jeremy Wright was appointed the new Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media, and Sport. He replaces Matt Hancock, who has a very active social media presence and, most notably, launched his own app.
Well, Wright hasn't built his own app. But he has posted two whole tweets since joining Twitter in 2015. Oh, and he hasn't actually tweeted anything since 2015, a DCMS spokesperson confirmed to Mashable.
His first tweet is quite something. "Set up my offical [sic] Twitter account," wrote Wright.
This truly riveting tweet garnered a whopping four likes, and 11 retweets.
Two days later, Wright tweeted again. "I have since updated my Twitter handle to comply with regulations," he wrote. "Please share." Yeah, I think we'll pass on sharing. Eight people did RT it, though.
It doesn't stop there. As political journalist Ross Kempsell noted on Twitter, Wright has mentioned the word "digital" only twice during his 13 years in parliament. That's one mention for every tweet he's posted!
The Drum confirmed Kempsell's tweet by looking at Hansard data.
A DCMS spokesperson wasn't sure whether Wright has an Instagram account.
To be fair, being active on social media isn't an instant indicator of leadership or vision and it doesn't necessarily mean someone has a better understanding of digital. But it certainly would instil a sense of confidence at a time when it's in short supply.
Good luck in your new job Mr Wright!


Child development as a science is still in its infancy, and there are a lot of theories when it comes to child development and also on how to parent a child and nurture him for a brighter future. The truth is that bringing up a child is not a walk in the park, and sometimes parents need all the help they can get in bringing up their children. There is no shortage of advice on the internet, but there is a lot less said about the role of patience in bringing up children. Like all important aspects of life, bringing up children also requires a lot of patience. Any good child development book will tell you that children are no different from plants; they need to be nurtured and be given room to grow up. Instead of trying to correct children before they make mistakes, it is sometimes important to let them make mistakes and let them learn from their mistakes.
And mistakes can be anything from breaking the same toy twice, to not doing their chores on time. It is important to know that giving you children everything on a platter can be detrimental to their development and they might never develop problem solving skills if all their problems are solved for them. As parents it can be difficult to see your children encounter problems and some times suffer, but as long as they are not being hurt or are not under undue stress, problems are a way of life. Another factor that is known to affect children both subconsciously and consciously is the environment they are bought up in. It is a well know fact that children that are bought up in an environment that is a too strict, or where violence and fighting is a way of life are usually dysfunctional in their adult life.
Physiatrists agree that even as early as the first year a child can sense a hostile environment. As a parent remember that no matter what the situation do not fight in front of your children. Children have different ways of interpreting fighting; the negative impact that fighting has on children is undeniable.
Children are like a sponge, they soak up everything around them good or bad. If children are exposed to the finer things in life and are provided an environment where they can grow and explore their inner capabilities, chances are that children will grow up to be the best they can be. Professionally too, children are directly influenced by the work ethics of their parents. If a child notices his parents work hard and display professionalism, children too grow up with similar work ethics.
In fact the most important thing parents can pass on to their children is ethics and principles. A child that is bought up in a home where good morals are valued will grow up to be a person that displays the same set of values. A classical example would of course be a son refusing to tell his father a lie, as cliché as it sounds its absolutely true.
Gain Inspiration in Your Career as an Architect by Following these Professionals - This article addresses the profession of being an architect.
Corporate Incentive Programs - After procuring and training employees, maintaining and utilizing them effectively in the organization is the concern of management and personnel administration.
The London Based Finance Jobs Market - For financial and banking professionals in the United Kingdom, there are few places as rich in new jobs and high salaries as the city of London.
Career or Job Which Do You Have - If you look around online or in the bookstore, or if you get into conversations with people at parties and other events, you get the idea that a ?career? is where all the action is.
Job Interviews Traditional Questions are Still the Tradition - Job interviews can be so frightening.
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text:
Josephine County Jail Receives Glowing Review from Grand Jury
An inspection of the Josephine County Jail by a grand jury found the facility 'clean, safe and adequate at this time for its purpose...administrated by a dedicated, efficient and highly professional staff.'
Posted: Mar 1, 2019 3:29 PM
Updated: Mar 1, 2019 3:41 PM
GRANTS PASS, Ore. — A report apparently filed following a grand jury inspection of the Josephine County Jail this week gave a sparkling review to the facility and staff, the Sheriff's Office published on Friday.
"We recently had a grand jury inspection and would like to share the results," the Josephine County Sheriff's Office posted on its Facebook page. The Sheriff's Office told NewsWatch 12 that this was a surprise inspection.
The report itself came to a positively complimentary conclusion:
"The facility is clean, safe and adequate at this time for its purpose and . . . it is administrated by a dedicated, efficient and highly professional staff," the grand jury found.
While it does not appear to be entirely common for an Oregon Sheriff's office to trumpet the results of a grand jury inspection, Oregon law does mandate the practice of yearly inspections by a grand jury of local correctional facilities, as published in a similar, if much more complex report from Multnomah County in 2018:
"At least once yearly, a Corrections Grand Jury shall inquire into the condition and management of every correctional facility and youth correction facility," the law states. "The Corrections Grand Jury is entitled to free access at all reasonable times to such correctional facilities and juvenile facilities, and, without charge, to all public records in the country pertaining thereto."
The Josephine County grand jury's report highlighted newly-installed technology at the adult jail — a camera system "that improves picture fidelity and helps to eliminate blind spots throughout the jail," and a new body scanner machine "that can detect contraband within the human body."
"Funding for the cameras and the B-Scan machine was provided by the inmate population and not the residents of Josephine County," the grand jury reported.
The grand jury noted that inmates were allowed access to a law library, an exercise yard, and means for communicating with family and friends through video, phone and text message. There were also facilities for mental health counseling and drug treatment therapy.
"The Sheriff expressed interest in a dog-therapy program which he says could assist inmates in maintaining a calm demeanor and could supplement existing therapy programs," the report said.
During the inspection, the grand jury noted that the jail held its maximum capacity of 185 inmates. According to the report, Sheriff Daniel "expressed concern" that the jail's limited capacity would soon become an issue — as it has been for the Jackson County Jail in recent years.
Aside from this acknowledgement, the grand jury report did not seem to identify any negative aspects to conditions at the jail facility or areas marked for improvement. It did note that there were five "inmate on guard assaults and 20+ inmate on inmate assaults" during 2018.
"All of the inmates that we encountered during the inspection appeared to be behaving with appropriate demeanor," the report said. "Their uniforms were clean and there were no inmate disturbances during the inspection."
ICE Detainees Housed in Josephine County Jail
Josephine County Jail Stops Holding ICE Detainees
Inmate Escapes from Josephine County Jail
Josephine County Fair
Controversy in Josephine County
Josephine County Man Shot
Klamath County DA: Homicide Case To Go To Grand Jury
Josephine County Sheriff's Office: Missing Josephine County Man Found Safe
Josephine County Vaccination Rates Drop

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The year 2015 holds a lot of uncertainties for Malaysians. As it is, the rising cost of living and removal of fuel subsidies late last year have generated much concern in the nation. According to the Malaysian Institute of Economic Research, the economic outlook this year will likely be mixed due to the dip in crude oil prices. Then there is the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax (GST), which has come into effect in early April. The financial implications of the new taxation system has been widely discussed from many angles, but the full extent of its after-effects still remains to be seen. With all these factors to consider, the burning question when it comes to investing remains – is it better to buy or to sell in these volatile times?
Should investors buy or sell in 2015?
What investments should we look out for in 2015?
According to Chang, global equities will continue to outperform bonds. "Within equities, we once again start the year with a preference for DM equities given the continued focus on supporting growth," Chang said. "On country basis, we remain overweight on Europe (forex-hedged), Japan (forex-hedged), Thailand, Taiwan, India and China. We are bullish on US equities although this will likely move to being less supportive after the US rate hike. In relative terms, European equities is preferable to US equities. We also believe that investors, even those who are not focused on income generation, could benefit from a diversified income portfolio.
Are there any investments we should avoid?
The risk areas that investors should approach with carefully this year include commodities, Chang cautioned. "In our view, a largely unchanged demand outlook, still-high or growing inventories, and a modestly stronger USD will work against commodities in 2015. "Oil prices may weaken further before a supply response provides support. While this may be positive news for oil importers, larger producers and oil exporting nations may be impacted." He also pointed out that although EM equities (including Asia) had historically performed well prior to the federal's rate hike over the past three rate tightening cycles, investors should avoid excessive exposure this time around. "Market expectations of further delays in the first US interest rate hike provide opportunities for Asian equities. However, in 2015, the "right-sizing" of Asian equity exposure is critical as most Malaysian investors have a bias towards the region," Chang explained.
Who should invest in what?
Stick with core investment holdings. Typically a simple global equity fund and/or global multi-asset income fund would provide sufficient diversity to participate into investment opportunities globally, notably in US, Europe and Japan equities. For new investors, the mode of entry may be via systematic investment technique to increase the probability of positive returns.
In addition to adopting the strategy for investors that are just starting out, advanced investors should endeavor to add depth to their portfolio. This could be in the form of applying tactical investment opportunities that may arise from: – Diversifying their investments using different assets like bonds and covered strategy – Utilising different currencies to protect against unexpected currency vitality, and – Recognising opportunities in specific region or sectors.
"Yesterday! By starting investing earlier in their lives, people will have a longer time to make their money work, thus increasing the potential for more returns." He added that younger investors can also afford to take more risk as they have time and future earnings to make up for potential losses. However, Chang noted that unlike the 80s and 90s, the current interest rate level is close to an all-time low. In some years, the interest rates after inflation may even reach negative. Hence, ensuring your funds are put to work early would be a wise move. In general, if you have saved the equivalent of six months' salary, you should start looking at investing, he said.
How can investors grow their money?
"By and large, Malaysian investors still prefer income-generating instruments, such as fixed deposit. In a low interest rate environment, bond yields can be unattractive and fixed deposit may not generate enough to counter the effect of inflation," said Chang. To make your money work harder, Chang recommends setting aside an amount – depending on your risk appetite – to dabble in equities. "Consider global markets instead of limiting yourself to local markets. Speak to a personal financial advisor to learn about other strategies to widen your sources of income generation beyond traditional fixed deposit, such as multi-asset income strategy and foreign currency denominated bonds," he said. Market volatility is normal, and as conventional wisdom says: "What goes up, must come down." While investors tend to be wary during volatile times, choosing to stay invested can be a great option if you are confident in your strategy. The approach to take during all kinds of market movements is to be realistic. Have an investment plan, stick to it, and strike a comfortable balance between risk and return.


Have you ever pondered over the importance of eyesight? If yes, you probably know why it is so important. But if you have not tried it yet, think hard and imagine a day without your eyesight. You will then probably know why it is given so much importance. It is because of our two eyes that we are able to see this wonderful world. It is always said that a healthy mind resides in a healthy body, and thus we need to have a good eyesight. Also, if you are able to see property, even then you should not neglect your eyes and take good care. Whenever you get a chance, take eyesight tests to ensure healthy eyes. So here we bring to you an easy, free and precise test to check your eyesight. This will show you how effective your eyesight is.
In this test, you will be shown an image which is made by combining the faces of Marilyn Monroe and Einstein. Scientists say that this test tests and illustrates high and low spatial frequency.
This test is very easy. Look at the image above. Whose face do you see? Einstein or Marilyn Monroe? Well, for being successful in the test, you need to see Einstein's face. The sooner you see the great scientist's face, the better your eyesight and healthier your eyes are. So now you are able to judge whether your eyesight is good or not. Watch this space for more.


Everything is on one site and within easy reach.
The Fox and Ferret Marquee tends to have boisterous chorus singing, shanties and the like but quieter songs are also appreciated.
The Festival Arms Marquee is run more like a folk club and often has quieter songs than the Fox and Ferret but the distinction is not hard and fast and often at the end of a session the 2 will coalesce into one marquee.
The Main Marquee is used for all meals and is the venue for the Cream Tea Concert on Saturday afternoon and for the Mediaeval Banquet on Saturday evening.


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Arrest of Terror Suspect Highlights Nexus of Terrorism and Immigration
December 30, 2021 /in Courts & Law, Culture War, Immigration, National Security, Policy, Politics, Regulation, Social Issues/by Michael Cutler
On December 20, 2021, the Department of Justice (DOJ) issued a press release stating, "Bowling Green Man Arrested on Multiple Terrorism Charges."
From the title of that press release, you would never imagine immigration was an issue in the case.
The suspect, who was arrested as a suspected terrorist, was simply identified as "Bowling Green Man."
However, the very first sentence of the release states that the suspected terrorist, Mirsad Hariz Adem Ramic, holds dual citizenship in the United States and Bosnia.
This is a common ploy used by the Biden administration to downplay the link between immigration-related issues and national security.
We will examine this nexus shortly, but first, here is how that DOJ press release begins:
A federal court in Kentucky unsealed an indictment today charging a dual U.S.-Bosnian citizen with providing material support to the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), a designated foreign terrorist organization. The defendant is also charged with conspiring to provide material support to ISIS and receiving military type training from ISIS.
According to court documents, on June 3, 2014, Mirsad Hariz Adem Ramic, 31, of Bowling Green, Kentucky and two co-conspirators each departed the United States for Istanbul, Turkey in order to support ISIS. All three then purchased tickets with cash to fly to Gaziantep, Turkey, a city located near the border with Syria. From there, Ramic and the two co-conspirators crossed the Syrian border to join ISIS.
As alleged, after joining ISIS, Ramic attended an ISIS training camp where he received weapons and physical training and fired an AK-47. The FBI obtained photographs of Ramic in ISIS territory which depict him wearing camouflage clothing and standing in front of a pickup truck outfitted with an anti-aircraft gun and the ISIS flag. A second photograph of Ramic depicts him holding a rifle.
After joining ISIS, Ramic and his co-conspirators remained in contact with each other and discussed, among other things, Ramic's presence in Raqqa, Syria, and his use of an anti-aircraft weapon to shoot at planes. Ramic and his co-conspirators also discussed jihad, martyrdom and fighting for ISIS. After joining ISIS, one of Ramic's co-conspirators sent two e-mails to Western Kentucky University, stating that he had traveled to Syria to join ISIS and expressing his desire that ISIS conquer the United States.
Generally, there are only two ways for a person to hold dual citizenship in the U.S.
An alien who lawfully immigrates to the U.S. may become a naturalized citizen and may also retain his/her previous citizenship. Alternatively, a child born in the U.S. to alien citizen(s) acquires birthright citizenship and may claim the citizenship of a foreign-born parent(s), as well.
When an alien files applications for visas or immigration benefits to enable them to enter the U.S. and remain thereafter, statements concerning material facts must be truthful. Any lies could constitute immigration fraud. Immigration fraud is a very serious crime and one that, if it involves terrorism, can be punished by a jail sentence of up to 25 years and also result in stripping the alien of any lawful status, including citizenship. The relevant sections of law are: 18 U.S.C. § 1546: Fraud and misuse of visas, permits, and other documents, 18 U.S. Code § 1425: Procurement of citizenship or naturalization unlawfully, and 18 U.S. Code § 1015.
If Ramie was born in the U.S. he could not be charged with immigration fraud. However, if he was a naturalized citizen, his applications for various visas, immigration benefits, and even U.S. citizenship must certainly be scrutinized for possible fraud — not just to punish him, but in order to remove him from the U.S. after he completes his prison sentence for terrorism-related crimes, if he is found guilty.
This is vital because, as the press release noted, he expressed a desire for ISIS to conquer the U.S.
It is in the interest of national security and public safety that he should be removed from the U.S. if the situation permits, and this protective action should be taken.
If, on the other hand, he was born in the U.S. to foreign-born parents, their immigration applications must also be scrutinized to make certain that they did not commit immigration fraud to enter the country.
However, given statements made by Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas, and given his checkered past wherein he ordered subordinate employees to "get to yes" when adjudicating applications for visas and immigration benefits, it is extremely unlikely that efforts to investigate and identify possible immigration fraud will be undertaken by the Biden administration.
Consider my recent article, "Biden Administration Plans to Protect Immigration Fraudsters," which includes the following:
On October 13, 2021 the Washington Times reported, EXCLUSIVE: DHS drafts plan to allow fraudsters to keep citizenship: Memo would constrain ability to pursue denaturalization cases.
Here is how that report begins:
The Homeland Security Department is circulating a draft proposal that would severely curtail its attempts to strip citizenship from people who were naturalized based on fraud.
The Washington Times saw a draft of the memo, from Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas to the heads of the three immigration agencies. The memo says people might not apply for citizenship because they worry about losing it in the future.
"Naturalized citizens deserve finality and security in their rights as citizens," the memo says. "Department policies should not cause a chilling effect or barriers for lawful permanent residents seeking to naturalize."
America's borders and immigration laws are supposed to serve to protect and defend the United States and its citizens from foreign nationals who pose a threat to national security, public safety, and public health.
It would appear that Mayorkas, Biden, and Harris never got the memo — and never read the 9/11 Commission Report or the companion report, "9/11 and Terrorist Travel – Staff Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States."
©Michael Cutler. All rights reserved.
http://drrich.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/logo_264x69.png 0 0 Michael Cutler http://drrich.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/logo_264x69.png Michael Cutler2021-12-30 05:46:202021-12-30 05:47:02Arrest of Terror Suspect Highlights Nexus of Terrorism and Immigration


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Building libertarian cities in the middle of the ocean
Posted on August 17, 2011 by legallysociable
This has been talked about for a while but here is a brief update on independent libertarian cities to be built in the oceans:
Pay Pal founder and early Facebook investor Peter Thiel has given $1.25 million to an initiative to create floating libertarian countries in international waters, according to a profile of the billionaire in Details magazine.
Thiel has been a big backer of the Seasteading Institute, which seeks to build sovereign nations on oil rig-like platforms to occupy waters beyond the reach of law-of-the-sea treaties. The idea is for these countries to start from scratch–free from the laws, regulations, and moral codes of any existing place. Details says the experiment would be "a kind of floating petri dish for implementing policies that libertarians, stymied by indifference at the voting booths, have been unable to advance: no welfare, looser building codes, no minimum wage, and few restrictions on weapons."…
The Seasteading Institute's Patri Friedman says the group plans to launch an office park off the San Francisco coast next year, with the first full-time settlements following seven years later.
While this sounds like some post-apocalyptic scene, these cities could provide an interesting Lord of the Flies situation. Even though these places will (or may) be built in order to escape regulations, they will have to adopt rules and norms of their own in order to survive. I will be interested to see what sort of society will develop in these new cities.
I also imagine that someone will try to control what happens on these islands. Although these places may be in international waters, I think there will be a discussion about how these rules should be altered. Won't someone want to tax what happens on these islands or to make sure that they are not national security threats?
This entry was posted in Places, Sociology and tagged cities, government, libertarians, Lord of the Flies, ocean. Bookmark the permalink.
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0 thoughts on "Building libertarian cities in the middle of the ocean"
Keith says:
on August 17, 2011 at 1:04 pm
This sounds a little like Atlas Shrugged.
Rich Patrock says:
on July 7, 2012 at 11:34 am
Sorry about seeing this so late but here I am. I love this story. The biggest joke is that they actually want to have lower building standards in a city built out in the middle of the ocean based on some agreed upon formula, or perhaps based on each person's contribution to the city. All of that is very unclear and yet this only demonstrates how completely contradictory the idea of libertarianism is to the ideal of building a society. Will the city be top-down management at the corporate level, telling people how to deal with local problems, which of course, is not 'government' but private rule of law which of course is much better than public government. These guys don't know how to make a coherent theory. Just read, 'The virtue of selfishness', by Ayn Rand to see how to structure BS as a philosophy.


This Los Angeles Lakers 12"x15" team plaque features an NBA-licensed 8"x10" photo depicting top stars in the franchise's history. Also included on the plaque are two official trading cards of Lakers stars. The deluxe cherry wood plaque is perfect for displaying in any room of the house or an office. Superior, high-clarity acrylic lens covers firmly affixed to the plaque with brass-type screws protect both the photo and trading cards. This is a great item for any fan. All cards are easily replaceable with ones from your own collection. The plaque is proudly produced and assembled in the USA.
The Encore Select 122-16 12x18 Double Framed Los Angeles Lakers Champions lets you capture an exciting moment in sports history with professionally matted and ready-to-hang sports memorabilia. This is an absolutely wonderful piece of memorabilia that features the 2009 Los Angeles Lakers. This piece has (2) great color 8-inch x 10-inch photographs that are officially licensed by the NBA. These (2) photographs are showcased in a double mat which is then professionally framed and shipped to you completely ready to hang on your wall. The total size of this beautiful piece of memorabilia is 12-Inch x 18-Inch. This is an absolutely gorgeous piece of memorabilia for your home, business, or office. Impress your friends, family, employees and colleagues with this hanging on your wall. This is a must have for all true Los Angeles Lakers fans! Encore Select has a full line of products including baseballs, footballs, basketballs, autographed merchandise and more.
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OLYMPICS China honors female Paralympians as national role models
China honors female Paralympians as national role models
19:58, September 11, 2021
A total of 16 individuals and five teams featuring female athletes will be honored by the All-China Women's Federation (ACWF) as national-level role models for their outstanding performances during the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games.
The ACWF said the female Paralympians trained and played in the Paralympic Games to the utmost, showing the world China's development in the cause of supporting the disabled and becoming paragons for people with disabilities.
The federation called on women to follow the example of the honored Paralympians, pursue excellence in their posts, and contribute to realizing the second centenary goal and the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.
Guo Lingling of China celebrates after winning the Tokyo Paralympics powerlifting women's -41-kilogram event in Tokyo, Japan, August 26, 2021. (Photo: CFP)
Zhou Xia of China celebrates after setting a new world record at the Tokyo Paralympics women's 200 meters T35 final in Tokyo, Japan, August 29, 2021. (Photo: CFP)
Gao Fang of China celebrates after winning the Tokyo Paralympics athletics women's 100 meters T53 final in Tokyo, Japan, September 1, 2021. (Photo: CFP)
Cai Liwen of China waves at the medal ceremony after winning the gold medal in the Tokyo Paralympics swimming women's 100 meters backstroke S11 final in Tokyo, Japan, August 28, 2021. (Photo: CFP)
China's Liu Yu (R) and Zhou Yanfei react after the Tokyo Paralympics swimming women's 50 meters backstroke S4 final in Tokyo, Japan, September 3, 2021. (Photo: CFP)
The list of honored athletes is as follows:
Individuals:
Guo Lingling (powerlifting)
Deng Xuemei (powerlifting)
Bian Jing (wheelchair fencing)
Tan Shumei (wheelchair fencing)
Gu Haiyan (wheelchair fencing)
Chen Minyi (archery)
Lin Yueshan (archery)
Zhou Zhaoqian (athletics)
Jiang Fenfen (athletics)
Gao Fang (athletics)
Zhou Xia (athletics)
Cai Liwen (swimming)
Ma Jia (swimming)
Liu Yu (swimming)
Yang Qiuxia (badminton)
Cheng Hefang (badminton)
China's national wheelchair fencing women's epee team
China's national wheelchair fencing women's foil team
China's national table tennis women's team in TT1-3 class


text:
Search For "deputy speaker"
UP Assembly Deputy Speaker Nitin Agarwal resigns from post, quits
Updated : 3 days ago IST
Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) [India], January 19 (ANI): Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha Deputy Speaker Nitin Agarwal on Wednesday stepped down from his post and also resigned from the primary membership of the Samajwadi Party.
Suspended Maharashtra BJP MLA declines to appear for hearing befor
Mumbai (Maharashtra) [India], January 10 (ANI): Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) MLA Atul Bhatkhalkar on Monday wrote to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly secretary saying that he would appear for a discussion on his suspension case from the state Assembly only in the House instead of appeari
Greek Solutions party lambasts Pakistan National Assembly Deputy S
Athens [Greece], December 14 (ANI): Greek Solutions, a political party in the European nation, has lambasted the Deputy Speaker of the Pakistan National Assembly Qasim Khan Suri over his anti-India remarks in Greece, stressing that Islamabad is indulged in a delusion of hatred against India,
Delhi HC refuses early hearing on PIL seeking election of Deputy L
New Delhi [India], December 2 (ANI): The Delhi High Court on Thursday refused to give an early hearing on a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) seeking direction for holding of the election of Deputy Lok Sabha Speaker.
Culture, religion at stake in Tibet under Chinese regime, says Dep
Dharamshala (Himachal Pradesh) [India], November 12 (ANI): Culture, religion, and the way of life which is based on Buddhism are at the stake in Tibet under the Chinese regime, said Deputy Speaker of Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile Dolma Tsering.
National Women's Parliament at Goa@60 event witnessed evocative di
Panjim (Goa) [India], November 10 (ANI/PRNewswire): The 2nd day of Goa Legislative Assembly's and MIT School of Government's (MIT-SOG) conclave on National Women's Parliament within the momentous Goa@60 event, was graced by the presence of Pramod Sawant, Hon'ble Chief Minister of Government
Will work without any bias on constitutional post: UP Assembly Dep
Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) [India], October 19 (ANI): The newly-elected Deputy Speaker of Uttar Pradesh Assembly, Nitin Agarwal, who is Samajwadi Party's MLA on Monday said that he would work without any bias on the constitutional post of Deputy Speaker.
SP MLA backed by BJP elected UP Assembly Deputy Speaker
Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) [India], October 18 (ANI): Samajwadi Party's MLA Nitin Agarwal, who is backed by the BJP, has been elected as the Deputy Speaker of Uttar Pradesh Assembly on Monday.
Despite boycott call, rebel Cong MLA casts vote in poll for Deputy
Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) [India], October 18 (ANI): Despite Congress boycotting the election for Deputy Speaker of Uttar Pradesh Assembly that was held on Monday rebel party MLA Aditi Singh cast her vote at Vidhan Sabha hall.
Election for UP Assembly Deputy Speaker underway in Lucknow
Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) [India], October 18 (ANI): The election for Deputy Speaker of Uttar Pradesh Assembly commenced on Monday at Vidhan Sabha hall.
SP fields candidate against its MLA Nitin Agarwal who got BJP's su
Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) [India], October 17 (ANI): Samajwadi Party has fielded its legislator against one of its MLA Nitin Agarwal who is backed by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the elections for deputy speaker of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
UP Assembly Deputy Speaker election to be held on October 18
Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) [India], October 13 (ANI): The election of Deputy Speaker in the UP Legislative Assembly is scheduled to be held on October 18, officials said on Wednesday.


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