CREWE and Nantwich MP Gwyneth Dun-woody is backing a campaign to halt plans for a North West regional assembly.
The Labour backbencher has gone against her own party in calling for the scheme to be shelved.
She said: 'I am very concerned that we should impose any change in local government without making sure it will work and it is in the interest of constituents.
Her comments lend a major boost to the North West Says 'No' campaign which is fighting against the plans in the run-up to a referendum in October.
North West Says 'No' Chairman Sir David Trippier said: 'This is a tremendous boost for us and the momentum is now firmly running with the 'No' Campaign.
Supporters of the North West assembly say it will bring a transfer of power to the region away from centralised government boosting its share of economic resources.
They claim it will lead to more jobs and investment and help place the North West on an equal footing with more prosperous regions in the South.
But opponents have criticised the plans as nothing more than an extra layer of bureaucracy.
They say the estimated set-up cost will not be met by Government grants while the burden of scrapping Cheshire County Council will fall to residents.


Ons Amsterdam, the association for arts, culture, history and architecture, will host a lecture by Sylvie Beugels and Arne Lijbers on Wednesday evening February 3, 2016. Together, Sylvie and Arne will give a broad introduction into the work of Mecanoo and the practice's philosophy – People, Place, Purpose.
Sylvie has been with Mecanoo since 1990. As associate architect, she has built a career designing innovative residential projects and award-winning educational buildings, like Sterren College in Haarlem. Together with Arne, who joined Mecanoo as architect in 2013, Sylvie designed the recently completed renovation and extension of iPabo University of Applied Sciences in Amsterdam.
The lecture will be in Dutch.


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Biles hatte seit den Olympischen Spielen 2016 nicht mehr international teilgenommen, während sie vom Januar enthüllte, dass ebendiese von einem ehemaligen Sportdoktor der Mannschaft USA sexuell missbraucht worden war. Darüber hinaus wurde der 21-jährige Amerikaner am Vorabend jener Welten mit einem Nierenstein ins Krankenhaus eingeliefert. "Dies ist definitiv der gruseligste von denen aus der Vergangenheit", sagte sie. Zuallererst hatte Biles mit Svetlana Khorkina aus Russland zahlreichen Rekord von drei Allround-Golds geteilt. "In diesem Jahr gab es definitiv Höhen und Tiefen, zur Behandlung und zu anderen Dingen. Nur im Fitnessstudio abgeschlossen sein, war ein etwas rau, aber man probiert, sich auf eine Angelegenheit zu konzentrieren, um durchzukommen", sagte sie. "Ich hoffe, dies gibt anderen Frauen die Gewissheit, dass Sie es immer noch gut können, ohne dafür bestraft über werden und Eltern die Turnerinnen in den Sport zu versetzen und einander wohl zu fühlen. zoll Die 19-jährige Britin Ellie Downie wurde nach alle beide (umgangssprachlich) Eingriffen am linken Knöchel nach ihrer Rückkehr in das Rennen elf. Am Samstag nimmt Downie am Finalspiel der Stufenbarren teil, während der zweifache Olympiasieger Max Whitlock den dritten Weltmeistertitel in Folge auf diesem Pauschenpferd gewinnen will. Biles holt trotz Fehlern allen 12. Weltgold Biles hatte Fehler im Tresorraum, Hauptgesims und Boden, aber ihre Gesamtzahl von 57, 491 reichte aus, um den Mai Murakami aus Japan in Silber und allen Morgan Hurd aus allen USA auf Rang drei zu schlagen. Ein Rückwärtsrollen bei der Landung auf einem Sprung und 1 Abfallen vom Balken ließen sie fast drei prall gefüllte Punkte hinter ihren Qualifikationsergebnissen zurückfallen. Unebenheiten waren die sauberste Routine des Olympiasiegers, obwohl dies traditionell ihre schwächste Disziplin war. Als sie zuletzt auf dem Fußboden stand, brauchte sie eine Punktezahl von 13. 307, um Murakami zu erobern, um Gold zu erhalten, und selbst mit einem Schritt außerhalb der Grenzen erzielte Biles 15. latrine, um den Titel unter zuhilfenahme von 1. 693 Mark zu besiegeln. "Ich wünschte, ich hätte eine bessere Verdienst zeigen können, weil mein nicht der Turner bin", fügte Biles hinzu, jener bei den Olympischen Spiel 2016 vier Goldmedaillen gewann. "Aber wir machen allesamt Fehler und fallen - es ist nur, als Sie aufstehen und sich selbst beweisen. " Biles verhalf den USA zu Beginn der Woche zu einem nachdrücklichen Gold der Frauen und ihr letzter Sieg brachte ihr den zwölften Weltmeistertitel ein. Sie hat 15 Weltmeisterschaftsmedaillen erhalten, fünf hinter Rekordhalterin Khorkina.
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One hour from the Hokuhoku Line Matsudai Station or the Kan-Etsu Expressway Muikamachi interchange.


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- Holytown Colts were founded in 1976, meaning this year they celebrate their 40th anniversary.
- The club now has 17 sections, over 350 players, and 60 qualified coaches.
- As part of the celebrations, the club has designed a new badge and will be holding a special ball this year.
2016 is a huge year for the players and coaches of football club Holytown Colts YC as this year they celebrate a massive milestone after their founding date in 1976. Holytown compete in the South Lanarkshire league with a massive 17 sections of the club ranging from three to five year olds (mini Colts) all the way up to aged 35 plus, known as "Football for All. Football for Life". In its 40 years the club now has over 350 registered players and 60 qualified coaches. Also in the last year the club has received the Standard, Development and Community Awards from the Scottish FA.
Holytown certainly have been busy the last few months in the lead up to this monumental occasion. In June the club held their third annual tournament which is growing in stature in the grassroots game. Over 1000 kids took part over the weekend event. Also a foodbank was held which turned out to be a massive success.
The club also partnered up with the Scottish FA for the "UEFA's Captains for Change programme". This has resulted in various meetings with the local mosque to discuss cultural issues.
In August, the Lanarkshire club held their first 11 a side tournament for the adult section which seen 16 teams participate which was great to see. Also with the new season approaching and having a massive 15 different sections at this point the club can be proud with how they are doing.
In September and October Holytown succeeded in getting another attempt up and running. With the under 9's and 2010 girls getting the go ahead to proceed. This now meant Holytown had an astonishing 17 sections. Holytown then got their first ever club photo at the Ravenscraig Regional Sports Facility which all players and coaches attended.
November was a busy month for the club. The club was put towards two local primary schools to see how they can help them. As part of these discussions the club has donated £250 to each school to help buy sports equipment which is much needed. In addition they have agreed to go into each school in the new year and deliver some taster sessions for the nursery and primary one children.
More recently, in December Holytown they ran a foodbank from all the players to donate to a foodbank. The club celebrate December by having parties for the youngsters also going paintballing and bowling.
For the anniversary the club have a few things planned. In April there will be the 40th anniversary Ball and for the younger ones there is a football tournament in June. In August there will be another 11 a side tournament following the success of last years first one. Holytown will also focus on the development of Keir Hardie.


text:
More Than Half of Small Businesses Never Hired Disabled Employee: Poll
TERRY BRODIE
Published Tuesday, Oct. 02 2012
More than half – 56 per cent – of Canadian small businesses have never hired someone with a disability, a new survey from Bank of Montreal finds.
The main reason: They say they don't know how to recruit people with disabilities, according to 20 per cent, followed by 13 per cent who said no candidates with disabilities had applied, according to the 500 business owners polled.
Among other reasons: 11 per cent said they believed such workers would not have the education or experience required, 9 per cent said it was because of physical or dangerous work, and 8 per cent said they didn't feel they had the skills to manage an employee with disabilities.
Of the 44 per cent who have made hires of those with physical or invisible disabilities, 62 per cent said they performed as expected and 15 per cent said they exceeded expectations. Twenty per cent said they underperformed.
This comes in the context of finding and keeping employees as the top short- and long-term challenge for the small-business respondents; 47 per cent of owners saying it's more difficult now to attracted talent than before the economic downturn; and nearly one in four businesses saying they plan to increase the size of their workforce next year, BMO noted.
Canadian startup activity stuck near recession lows, new BDC index finds
Canadian startup activity is barely above the worst levels seen in the 2009 recession, according to a new index of new entrepreneurial activity from the Business Development Bank of Canada.
The BDC index is calculated by measuring the number of Canadians as a proportion of the whole labour force who created independent businesses and hired employees. It found that just over 43,000 Canadians started a new business that created jobs last year, representing 0.23 per cent of Canada's workforce of nearly 19 million. That's just slightly better than the 2008 recession "low point" of 0.22 per cent, and the second-lowest rate in a dozen years, according to BDC.
The index finds "slight to modest" recoveries in entrepreneurial activity in Ontario, British Columbia and Quebec since the recession, but says the Prairies and Atlantic provinces are "still struggling" with "significant and continuing decline."
Immigrants were more strongly behind new businesses: 0.35 per cent founded businesses that created jobs in 2011, well above the 0.20-per-cent rate of non-immigrants, according to BDC.
As well, while those aged 25 to 44 were most likely to start a new business, with an index of 0.28 per cent, that's a figure in decline. Meanwhile, older entrepreneurs have "dived" in: the index for those aged 45 to 54 hit 0.27 per cent last year, up from 0.18 per cent in 2008; for those those aged 55 and over the index hit 0.17 per cent last year, up from 0.09 per cent in 2008, according to BDC.
As for gender differences, the index showed 0.14 per cent of women starting businesses last year, versus 0.31 per cent for men.
Overall, "the slow economic recovery appears to have discouraged risk-taking on new business ventures," Pierre Cléroux, BDC's vice-president of research and chief economist was quoted in the release about the study. "This is a concern because entrepreneurship is an indicator of economic dynamism, creates jobs and drives innovation."
Quarter of U.S. tech startups started by immigrants, but slipping, study finds
A new study finds that nearly one-quarter – 24.3 per cent – of engineering and tech startups in the United States were founded by at least one immigrant, Reuters reports. That's far above the 13-per-cent proportion of the U.S. population born overseas, Reuters notes, citing the U.S. Census Bureau.
The proportion is even greater in Silicon Valley, where 43.9 per cent of such companies were started by immigrants, according to Reuters' reporting of the study, "America's New Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Then and Now," which was sponsored by the Kauffman Foundation.
However, the study itself points out that the figures have actually "stagnated" and are "on the verge of decline," and urged action to reverse the trend.
The proportion of companies founded by immigrants actually slipped to 24.3 per cent from 25.3 per cent in 2005; the proportion in Silicon Valley fell to 43.9 per cent from 52.4 per cent in 2005, Kauffman notes.
"For several years, anecdotal evidence has suggested that an unwelcoming immigration system and environment in the U.S. has created a 'reverse brain drain.' This report confirms it with data," Dane Stangler, director of research and policy at the Kauffman Foundation, is quoted in the Kauffman release about the study. "To maintain a dynamic economy, the U.S. needs to embrace immigrant entrepreneurs."
Study author Vivek Wadhwa called for a startup visa for entrepreneurs and, said Reuters, the study "could fuel calls to relax immigration rules" as the U.S. presidential elections near next month. Immigration and the economy are key issues in the election.
Reproduced from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/small-business/sb-tools/small-business-briefing/more-than-half-of-small-businesses-never-hired-disabled-employee-poll/article4582308/
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
This piece, which is essentially based on an exclusive interview with Professor Joseph Nye, focuses on a few aspects related to current international communication, particularly Public Diplomacy / Soft Power. Within this context, Nye points out certain characteristics which, from his standpoint, a good foreign affairs analyst should have, while addressing issues such as disinformation, intelligence services and covert operations. The interviewee also provides reflections regarding the challenges raised by space exploration and by Artificial Intelligence (A.I.).
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; disinformation; Joseph Nye; public diplomacy; smart power.
Joseph Nye is a world-renowned authority that International Relations experts look up to. Nye, Harvard University Distinguished Service Professor, Emeritus and former Dean of the Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, was regarded as the most influential academic in the field of American Foreign Policy and, in 2011, "Foreign Policy" magazine considered him one of the top 100 Global Thinkers (Joseph Nye).
The term Soft Power was coined by Nye, in the late 1980s (Ikenberry May / June 2004). This scholar is also credited with the concept of Smart Power, which he introduced in 2003 (Dargiel June 21, 2009 / Nye July/August, 2009).
In the United States (U.S.), from 1977 to 1979 and from 1993 to 1995, Joseph Nye served in the following capacities:
- Deputy to the Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance, Science and Technology
- Chair of the National Security Council Group on Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons
- Chair of the National Intelligence Council
- Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Biography: Joseph S. Nye).
Nye is regarded as an expert in various spheres, namely, among others:
- Afghanistan War
- Asia & the Pacific
- China & security
- cyber security
- military strategy
- terrorism & counterterrorism
- Democracy (Joseph S. Nye April 27, 2020).
Public diplomacy and disinformation
The topic of disinformation is on the international agenda. For instance, recently, U.S. President Joe Biden, in a speech before the United Nations General Assembly, stated that his Administration is paying and will pay particular attention to the problem of disinformation (Remarks by President Biden Before the 76th Session of the United Nations General Assembly September 21, 2021). This, among other aspects, reveals the importance of communication in strategic terms.
In the field of international relations, sometimes it's hard to make out shadows, appearances, diversions, simulations and disinformation from what truly matters. In this regard, Joseph Nye considers that good analysts in said field should be able to place themselves in the mind of someone from a foreign country. Nye adds that, given that we see the world through our own cultural lenses, it is essential to travel, read and learn foreign languages in order to gain a cultural understanding on the international stage ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). Thus, said analysts should be multidimensional; that is, they should have comprehensive training, even if it is compatible with some degree of specialization.
The relative ease with which messages are currently sent and received over the Internet, using various devices for such purpose, boosts the number of players in the field of local, national and international communication. Presently, disinformation / fake news is often attributed to private players via social media. However, what does Nye think of deliberate disinformation / misleading information, by federal authorities or covert state-sponsored organizations, regarding international affairs, disseminated through the mainstream media and social media? According to this expert, with regard to the 2016 U.S. election, two situations occurred: the Russian Government disseminated disinformation over the Internet while prodding U.S. groups to get involved in the conflict ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021).
As concerns relations between intelligence services and public diplomacy, in contexts such as that of the U.S. and of other countries, Nye maintains that it's better to keep both domains separate ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). Joseph Nye explains that, if it is perceived that said type of diplomacy is linked to intelligence operations, there is a loss of credibility that renders it impossible to generate soft power ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). This is why, according to the interviewee, there should also be a separation between public diplomacy and covert psychological warfare ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). It should be added that, in principle and by definition, while said covert operations are not easily recognized as such by the vast majority of people, counterintelligence services should investigate the possible occurrence of this sort of activities.
Soft / smart power
Public diplomacy is not used solely by civilians. According to Nye, when, in the military sphere, in strategic and tactical terms, hard and soft power are combined, while mutually reinforcing each other, we then have smart power, which enables saving in terms of carrots and sticks while turning attraction into a multiplying force ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021).
As for the possibility of, chiefly in the medium or long term, public diplomacy, that is, influence-related initiatives, serving to, preemptively or preventively, neutralize duly identified potential threats, for instance, initially of an ideological nature, Nye acknowledges that attracting other people can be an important means of reducing their hostilities and threats ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). However, this academic stresses that proper public diplomacy includes knowing that the attracting ability varies with the target culture ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021).
With regard to the importance of storytelling in public diplomacy, Nye states that human beings live by narratives and, by taking this into account, success in international politics does not depend solely on knowing which are the victorious armies, but also which are the stories that prevail ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). Persuasive competence is crucial. This includes bringing together know-how from professionals in several areas: screenwriters, advertisers and Public Relations practitioners, as an example. These communications professionals need to know and do their work according to the dual dimension of human being / receiver: rational and emotional. Effectiveness and efficiency are related to knowledge of the target public that is as in-depth as possible. To this end, gathering and processing information are essential.
Obviously, it is necessary to have the ability not only to create the narratives, but also to accurately get them to the target public using the appropriate channel. A high number of people concentrated in a country or scattered among several continents can be aimed for, just as a single individual can be reached.
The media are used by a variety of entities, so that, externally, a country exercises attraction while projecting its influence. This somehow depends on the contexts for receiving the messages: receivers can either be in a situation where they receive content freely or there can be restrictions, as is the case with censorship or cyber / electronic warfare.
The ability to communicate at international level is linked to infrastructures such as satellites. To this end (among others), the Space Force exists within the U.S. military context. According to Joseph Nye, space can be used for many things, including the field of communications, but, currently, for the Internet, undersea cables are more relevant than satellites ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). For this purpose, geostrategically, we should point out, for instance, transatlantic links and, as such, the importance of air and sea surveillance, including submarines, in the Atlantic Ocean, which concerns various countries and, collectively, NATO. Protecting information, in general, both that which circulates via undersea cables and through satellites, also goes by way of encryption.
The interviewee believes that the growing reputation of a country's competence related to space exploration and space tourism can contribute toward developing soft power ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). For such purpose, we need to pay attention to dissemination, throughout the media, of space conquests and their link to space economy. Nye points out that public diplomacy, by increasing a country's attractiveness, can be the driving force for trade and investment ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). Leading, being at the forefront, on the international stage, among several aspects, implies being able to create and innovate in the technological sphere, including space technology.
Machines, such as computers, and Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) are increasingly present in various domains in our society. A.I., when duly applied, can entail repercussions in terms of decision-making by various kinds of organizations, including governments.
As part of international relations, Joseph Nye feels that, depending on a certain computer programming, A.I. can look into foreigners' perspectives, while it remains necessary to have an interpretation conducted by human beings where emotions and creativity are involved ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). Also to this end, Nye stresses that an algorithm badly put together can cause bias in machine learning ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021).
Regarding to what extent A.I. is or isn't able to change the international geopolitical balance, such as in Sino-American relations, Nye is aware that there are those who think that China will prevail because it will have more data ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). However, this academic argues that data is not the same as oil; we need to differentiate the value of data according to its origins, which is why, both quality and quantity need to be considered, without overlooking the importance of computer programming ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). In the future, several countries will entail various advantages relative to multiple domains ("Exclusive Interview with Joseph Nye" September 17, 2021). Human resources training and management will continue to be decisive for the progress of society, by creating and using opportunities to advance…
In this interview, Professor Joseph Nye presents his perspective regarding a few challenges and even current risks that concern communication / international relations.
This occurs with the possible loss of credibility / effectiveness in public diplomacy, due to interferences from intelligence services, and with disinformation / fake news that can originate in private or public organizations.
Nye acknowledges the use of public diplomacy to preventively and preemptively attract certain people, thereby lessening the problems that they may cause. In this regard, narratives, with their power of attraction, have a role to play. The Armed Forces can combine hard and soft power and, thus, develop smart power.
In a society where new technologies are present in everyday living, while increasingly highlighting A.I. and space exploration, in relation to the field of communication / international relations, the interviewee values the human factor, that is, creativity and emotions.
As a communications / international relations analyst, Joseph Nye was and remains at the forefront.
Authors: Jorge Marinho, Ph.D in Communication Sciences, BA in International Journalism
Miguel Fonseca. Ph.D in International Economics, BA in Economics, Professor at the University of Porto (Portugal), researcher at the University of Lisbon (Portugal) Centre for African and Development Studies
Júlio Ventura. BA in Law, MA student in Political Science and International Relations at the Portuguese Catholic University (Lisbon, Portugal)
(This interview was conducted, via email, on September 17, 2021).
Biography: Joseph S. Nye. Retrieved 27.9.2021 from https://2009-2017.state.gov/s/p/fapb/185594.htm
Dargiel, J. (June 21, 2009). Smart Power: A change in U.S. Diplomacy Strategy. Retrieved 18.09.2021 from https://www.e-ir.info/2009/06/21/smart-power-a-change-in-us-diplomacy-strategy/
Ikenberry, J. (May/June 2004). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. Retrieved 18.09.2021 from https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/capsule-review/2004-05-01/soft-power-means-success-world-politics
Joseph Nye. Retrieved 18.09.2021 from https://www.hks.harvard.edu/faculty/joseph-nye
Joseph S. Nye (April 27, 2020). Retrieved 18.09.2021 from https://www.belfercenter.org/person/joseph-s-nye
Nye, J. (July/August, 2009). Get Smart: Combining Hard and Soft Power. Retrieved 18.09.2021 from https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2009-07-01/get-smart
Remarks by President Biden Before the 76th Session of the United Nations General Assembly (September 21, 2021). Retrieved 24.9.2021 from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/09/21/remarks-by-president-biden-before-the-76th-session-of-the-united-nations-general-assembly/
Published by Marinho Media Analysis / October 26, 2021
http://www.marinho-mediaanalysis.org/articles/joseph-nyes-reflections-on-current-international-relations-public-diplomacy-space-exploration-and-artificial-intelligence


NEWTON, NJ – A free seminar about careers in the exciting field of information technology will be offered to teens and adults on Thursday, November 20th, from 6:30 – 8:00 p.m. at Project Self-Sufficiency. Participants will hear from software engineer Holly Lusardi, information technology specialist Kathryn Oldfield, and BMC Software Senior Director of Product Management Nick Pachnos. Attendees are invited to learn about the wide variety of careers in growing field of information technology; speakers will discuss the background, education requirements, and the tasks that accompany their unique professions. Questions from the audience will be welcome. The "Becoming You: Information Technology Careers" seminar is free and open to teens and adults, but registration is required. Interested participants are encouraged to call 973-940-3500 to register. Project Self-Sufficiency is located at 127 Mill Street in Newton.


Mental health services will get a $15 million boost in the Victorian budget to help change the way specialist, police and ambulance services respond to people with mental illness.
The investment, over four years, will create a new locally based, co-ordinated mental health crisis response.
Mental health workers will work with police and ambulance workers to tailor responses to someone needing urgent support.
The budget allocation also aims to reduce pressure on police, ambulance and emergency department resources.
Mental Health Minister Mary Wooldridge says the initiative draws on previous trials.
This article first appeared on 'The Age' on 4 May 2014.


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Exclusive InterviewsInterview
Exploration and Philosophy – The Old City | Exclusive Interview
By Lachlan Williams April 15, 2014
Video games have always attempted some form of narrative. Generally tacked on separate from gameplay, and usually quite bad, telling stories through this interactive medium has rarely deviated from traditional ideas of linear narrative. Only lately have we seen games that attempt to tell story through the unique capabilities inherent in games. The Old City, the upcoming game from Postmod Softworks, is one such project, aiming to integrate story into experiential interactivity and explore deeply philosophical concepts. We talked to Bob, Design Lead and writer, about the fundamentally different approach to the 'game' experience that is setting The Old City apart from its more traditional peers.
"I look at our game like a conversation." Bob tells us. "You are observing two entities converse with one another, and you are making choices as you inhabit the mind of one of those entities. The first entity is the character who is also the player. The part of the character that you do not control is what he says, and the part you do control is where he goes. The other entity is the environment. Everything the character says throughout the game is really just a response to or a question for the environment, and the environment variously communicates back. Since you control what parts of the environment your character roams, you are indirectly controlling what he says. Thus, in a sort of strange way, you are conversing with an environment."
"Think of it like a Lewis and Clark diary to epistemology."
The Old City is putting narrative in the spotlight. Where most contemporary games act to exploit games' interactivity as a study in gameplay systems and mechanical perfection, The Old City instead is using the unique capabilities of the medium to explore narrative and philosophy. As Bob tells us, "The Old City is an entirely narrative driven game that attempts to deal with issues of philosophy – specifically, epistemology – in an exploratory way."
"It is exploratory in two senses: on the one hand, the player's basic task is to discover as much as possible about the world and the story it creates, but it is also exploratory in the sense that we are experimenting with a relatively new form of storytelling altogether."
Narrative, and indeed linear, expository narrative, have been the go-to crutch for game stories for quite a while. You know how it goes – man is given a gun, man's friends are killed, man uses gun to travel to the main bad guy, man kills bad guy. The story is secondary to the world, to the gameplay, to the set pieces. It's a movie that you move through, splattering the set with faceless mook blood as you go. But games are capable of fundamentally more than that, and Postmod understands the importance of embedding narrative within the world. It's "not simply allegory, but allegory presented in an interactive environment that's sole purpose is to communicate the story, rather than being about puzzles or anything else of that nature."
The theme The Old City will explore is a fundamental philosophical one – the nature of human knowledge. Epistemology is a big field, and just how knowledge works is largely a mystery. "[W]e are approaching the issue of 'how you know what you know' starting with the autonomous self." Bob explained. "This is important, because the alternative would be to present a third-person narrative, which is why we are presenting it from – literally – the first-person perspective, having you inhabit the shoes of the main and only living character in the game. A third-person – not simply in visual perspective – narrative would be much easier to do with anything other than an interactive game. This is also why we are tailoring the environment to where you choose to go."
There is a traditional narrative thread in The Old City that facilitates deeper storytelling. It begins by placing you in the role of a "questionably sane sewer dweller", on a journey to the Old City on the surface. For the first part of the game you are in the sewers, and then the surrounding areas of the city. These parts have linear progression from one area to another, although 75% of each area's content is entirely optional. When you reach the Old City itself, the game branches off into three paths, each of which has subsequent smaller branches that depend on the way you approach philosophy.
"Think of each area as a sort of web. It will be quite easy to get from point A to point B, and we are not attempting to force you into flying any other way than the crow, so to speak. Most of the story related content is in the optional recesses of the areas, however, and if you want to get anything out of the game other than 'a pretty little walk,' then you will have to make the effort to actually find things."
The main story, however, is not about why the Old City is in the state that it is, "but rather to explore the player's own assumptions and philosophy." The little things matter, since the world itself is "inherently allegorical", meaning the more you explore, the more sense and information about the Old City's mysteries you'll absorb.
While narrative is the main focus, there are some concessions about interactive practicality that must be made. Postmod are doing their best to keep the 'gamey' elements to a bare minimum. "There will be absolutely no UI outside of a main menu, and I only recently became comfortable with the idea of even including that." Bob told us. "There won't even be a crosshair or a map. This is absolutely not about anything like that. In terms of interaction, the only interaction that exists is that which helps you progress – opening doors, climbing ladders, jumping, etc. – and helps you understand the story – moving important objects around that communicate bits of information."
As a furtherance, there is no interaction with other characters at all, no combat, and no dying. While there are other people alive in the world, and their group dynamics and inter-group conflicts and interactions are important, the player never directly interacts with other people. Postmod's approach to narrative, and the inherent abstractness of The Old City's philosophies, leave little room for combat – and that's fine. "The implication in the question 'why did you decide to exclude combat' is that combat is some sort of base component of games." Bob told us. "This is absurd, and we all just accept it anyway. Do not misunderstand me, though, as I have no problem with violence in media. Violence happens and it can be a part of any drama, or an effective functional representation of competitive spirit, but to assume that it is essential to what games are is absolutely ridiculous."
"This problem is important, because it leaves everyone who does not necessarily need combat or violence in their media with a reductionist view of their own work. That is to say, everyone ends up thinking that it is somehow an experiment in minimalism to not have combat, as if the creators made a conscious decision to exclude combat. What if we simply did not make the conscious decision to include combat? Dear Esther is not less of a work in general than Pacman because Pacman has you fighting ghosts. We did not include combat because there is literally no reason for it to be present. It would not make sense in our story framework and it would not make sense in the allegorical world. More importantly, it simply has nothing to do with what we are trying to achieve here. Exploring an environment to understand an allegory that speaks to the relationship between various philosophies has nothing to do with combat, and I won't stoop so low as to include it to appease a bunch of people who would not necessarily care for what we are actually trying to do, jeopardizing both the cohesion and impact of our story."
"On that note, I want to make it infinitely clear that this game is not for everyone. It is not even for most people. We are targeting a very specific audience because we are interested in this subject and we are interested in how we are presenting it. I do not mean that in a pretentious way, as if to claim that this is a game for "smart" people. No, I don't think intelligence has anything to do with it. This is a game for people who are interested in the subject matter – philosophy – and interested in the way we are presenting it – in an interactive world. If you are not interested in either of those things, then, frankly, you shouldn't play our game."
The length of the experience is dependent on the player's inclinations when it comes to exploration. "[A] massive portion of the game is just optional content that you would never necessarily see if you were 'speedrunning' the game – a concept that makes me weep internally." Bob revealed. "If you were such an unfortunate person, you could probably get through the game in less than 2 or so hours, but if you actually take the time to explore everything, it could be anywhere from 5-6 hours." Bob did emphasise that the game is still in development, so naturally these estimates are subject to change as development progresses. While it could be much longer in the end, the team are adamant that The Old City is "not an RPG or something like that", and that "wasting time with filler nonsense" is not something the team are interested in doing.
There is a clear goal in mind for each playthrough, too. "A huge goal – pretty much the biggest goal, if I'm honest – is to have the player's first playthrough reflect his or her own actual philosophy." Each subsequent playthrough is more of a perspective shift, contrasting different approaches to the philosophies explored. "Now, I'm not suggesting that we have somehow encapsulated literally every possible bed of thought." Bob clarified. "There are quite a few billion people on the planet, so that would be fairly difficult, and we're just not that smart! But, we are using fairly common categories that roughly fit quite a few different peoples." There are three main philosophical tangents, which means at least three playthroughs if a player wants to experience the main ideas, but each of these approaches further divides, meaning "you could end up playing quite a bit, which is why it is important that we keep each playthrough relatively short and include no filler."
Bob and the team drew heavily from other narrative focused games – most notably from thechineseroom's Dear Esther. "I, personally, thought it was brilliant." Bob revealed. "The writing was fantastic and the storytelling was neatly kept while appearing messy at first glance. I've played through it more times than I care to admit." Other sources of inspiration for The Old City came from literary works, specifically from Hebrew mythology and other ancient near-Eastern literature. "While you don't particularly have to be aware of it to understand what is happening," Bob explained, "it gives the experience quite a bit more depth."
The Old City – Trailer – Indie DB
With this clear inspiration, just how does The Old City differentiate itself from both Dear Esther, as well as other games depicting a post-apocalyptic setting? The Old City is not strictly post-apocalyptic in the traditional sense. While the Old City is abandoned, it isn't due to an apocalypse – "at least, it is not a destructive apocalypse." For the most part, structures are intact, suffering from natural decay "much like Chernobyl." Another difference is that the environment is alive. "I do not mean that in the sense that most people have meant it." Bob expanded. "I mean that the environment is literally alive, as in, the environment literally communicates with the player – imply from that what you will."
The Old City, which is running on Unreal Engine 3, has no release window, with Bob giving the always enigmatic "when it's done" estimate. We'll keep our eye on The Old City, and bring you updates when we get new info. Thanks to Bob and the team at Postmod Softworks for taking the time to talk to us about The Old City.
The Old City
Lachlan Williams
Former Editor in Chief of OnlySP. A guy who writes things about stuff, apparently. Recovering linguist, blue pencil surgeon, and professional bishie sparkler. In between finding the latest news, reviewing PC games, and generally being a grumpy bossyboots, he likes to watch way too much Judge Judy. He perhaps has too much spare time on his hands. Based in Sydney, Australia. Follow him on twitter @lawksland.
Xbox One April Update Rolling Out Now
The Order: 1886 Will be the First Game of a New Franchise
Jawad says:
I like the whale, hope we get his backstory in the game :)


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Harriet Tubman and the $20 Bill
Editor's Note: Bringing you another perspective and another guest blogger. This piece was originally the author's Facebook post regarding the conversations surrounding the announcement that Harriet Tubman will replace Andrew Jackson on the $20. Thank you Froianna!
By Froianna
I've seen people critical of putting [Harriet] Tubman on money because money is bad and was used to oppress her people. I've also see people complain that this is a token gesture. And of course there are the people who think this is just PC run amok. And I think all of the miss the point as to why the Women on the 20 movement started, and when discussing this, it is important to remember this started as a movement among the people, this is not something the treasury did out of the goodness of their hearts. A lot of pressure was put on them by a group of women to start putting women on 20s. We had to fight to get this little bit of recognition. And there were good reasons for fighting for it.
And the reason is because we have been written out of history. Women have a rich history of contributing to the US, but you wouldn't know that by reading school history books. People who are immersed in reading history, like me, might find it shocking that the average person doesn't know who Harriet Tubman was, or Jane Addams, or Wanda Mankiller, or Ida B. Wells. I was talking to Andy about this and he said he'd had no idea who Harriet Tubman was until news about the new 20 came out, and he was blown away by her life.
For liberal progressives immersed in history this can seem shallow. But change starts with knowledge and acknowledgement that wrongs were done, which considering how whitewashed school history is, has not been happening.
And the consequences of not knowing about the contributions of these woman, many of whom are minorities, is a popular perception that woman and minorities haven't contributed to the US. I sought these stories out as a girl because it was important to me to have stories of heroic women. Other girls may not have a mother who knows history or an idea of where to start and might miss on this crucial history. It can be devastating to girls like me who are trying to figure out who they and and who they want to be to think that women haven't been influential in this country. And even doubly so because they have, they just haven't gotten the spotlight.
It's also bad for white boys to think that people of other genders and colors haven't contributed. Hence why we have efforts to acknowledge these heroines derided as "PC."
Whether or not money is the root of all evil is debatable, but it's something we handle each day. Kids see a face on the bills and figure that that person must have done something important to get on there. But when it's only white men, they conclude only white men have done things worthy of getting on the money, which is a problem. When they see women and minorities, they start to appreciate that women have contributed, that black people have contributed, that Hispanic people have contributed, that Native Americans have contributed.
When kids see women and minorities also being honored on money, they realize that the US truly is a vast nation that differing groups of people have made a contribution to.
Harriet Tubman is a poignant and inspiring figure. Considering in Texas there is a movement to whitewash slavery, to say that people who were enslaved were happy and content with their lot, Harriet Tubman challenges that narrative. If the slaves where so happy, then why did she escape? And then risk her life over and over again to help others escape? Tubman needs to be a visible historical figure because she threatens the dangerous ideas that slavery was not that bad and the Civil War was just about states' rights.
No, it's not reparations and it is a symbolic gesture. It's not going to make everything ok. It was not supposed to. It's about education. It's about having role models that are women and minorities. It's about young girls seeing that they live in a nation were their foremother's contributions were recognized and appreciated.
A little more about Froianna: I am a second generation feminist, working hard to instill values of equality among genders and races among my two children. Professionally I am a counselor. Learn more about me at https://froianna.wordpress.com/
Posted in Culture, Good Conversation, Guest BloggerTagged $20 Bill, Feminism, Foremothers, HarrietTubman, Herstory, History, Money, New twenty dollar bill, NewMoney, USHistoryBy Big SisterLeave a comment
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Single Dog bowl: Solid Oak Frame with a stainless steel bowl (dishwasher safe) insert. Personalise with your best friends name, or maybe TOP DOG or DINNER.
With one of these he will love you even more, or at least you will love seeing it every time you walk past. It will look great in your dog's room. A special treat for your special friend.


Is the "Bema Seat Judgment" Biblical?
ne of the more frequently asked questions is of the Bema Seat Judgment of Christians. This phrase generally refers to the spurious Christian doctrine that teaches that believers must stand before God and be judged, not for their sins, but in order to determine the nature of rewards for their good works on earth. The proponents of this doctrine call this the Bema seat judgment to distinguish it from what they term The White Throne Judgment. The latter they believe to be the Judgment that God reserves for judicial verdict against transgressions by the wicked.
However, the truth is a lot less complicated. The Greek word [bema], which is translated seat, is from a root that means 'base' or the foot (and by extension, step). It is therefore used to designate a stepped seating area for Judgment. Thus bema simply refers to the raised seating of a judge or a king. For example, the throne of a King is usually stepped seating. In other words, seating that is raised above the level of the surrounding area. Much the same as our courts today have established for judgments. In our country one must approach the raised judgment area called the bench. Likewise, the bema seat is simply the raised seating of someone sitting to judge.
But the problem of the so-called Bema seat judgment is not really one of misunderstanding the Greek, it is an exegetical problem where some teachers are reading their own presuppositions into the text. They have formulated a doctrine that holds that there is a adjudication specifically to judge the value of the Christian's service to the Lord. So they attempt to shape the word bema to conform to these predetermined beliefs. There are two ways that this erroneous doctrine has been introduced into Christianity. The first, by using extra-biblical documentation to support their theories. Second, proof by assertion where the actual evidence of scripture on the matter is ignored, fragmented, suppressed or denied. So though their beliefs certainly cannot be proven Biblically, many of these theologians (using secular testimony) have gone to great lengths to justify the doctrine, even though it clearly contradicts the Bible text itself. Some claim that this particular seat was only used to reward, never to punish. However, these secular ideas are not only contrary to all other doctrines of scripture concerning God's rewarding us for our work, but they are contradictory to the way the Greek word [bema] itself is used in the scriptures. God's Word does not lend itself in support of such an obviously Biblically indefensible position. In fact, God clearly illustrates just the opposite. For example, Pilate sat on the judgment seat [bema] when Jesus was being accused of wrong doing. Clearly this makes these theories about its purpose only being for rewards, null and void.
"When he was set down on the judgment seat, his wife sent unto him, saying, Have thou nothing to do with that just man: for I have suffered many things this day in a dream because of him."
"When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat in a place that is called the Pavement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha."
The Greek word translated seat is [bema]. Clearly, this isn't a seat for rewarding anyone. The word Gabbatha means the knoll, a vernacular term for the Roman tribunal.We see that the whole idea makes no sense. Why would his wife be warning him not to have anything to do with this "just" man, if all Pilate was there for was to hand out rewards? In both Biblical accounts of this episode, the Greek word translated seat, is the same word [bema]. We should note very clearly that far from being a seat to hand out rewards, it is a seat of Judgment in tribunal for crimes (perceived or otherwise). Pilate sits upon this Judgment seat and he makes a Judgment to have the the Lord Jesus Christ scourged, and handed over to be crucified. Quite clearly, this was a Judgment seat for judicial law. This is not only illustrated by the context, but also by the content. In both passages, Pilate sits on this bema and delivers a judicial verdict against Christ (beating and handing Him over to be crucified) which has absolutely nothing to do with rewards. Likewise, in the book of Acts we find the same scenario present with this Judgment seat.
Saying, This fellow persuadeth men to worship God contrary to the law."
"Then all the Greeks took Sosthenes, the chief ruler of the synagogue, and beat him before the judgment seat. And Gallio cared for none of those things."
Clearly we see from the context that this word 'bema' is used in the sense of judgment in a trial, where Paul is accused by the Jews of some crime, which they ultimately could not prove. We can say without fear of rational contradiction that this was a seat where a judgment of the law was to be pronounced against or for the Apostle Paul. It was most certainly not a judgment seat for rewards, nor an award ceremony. For any Theologian to make such claims concerning the 'bema judgment' is pure fabrication. It is a personal or private interpretation that most certainly is not evidenced by the scripture. As stated, the scriptures themselves testify against such an understanding. We lean explicitly that the bema was not used to hand out rewards, but as a place for judgment in a tribunal.
Was this doctrine of a bema seat judgment invented to be the believer's motivation to work? Are believers truly motivated by a desire for rewards (above and beyond the reward of the inheritance of our salvation in Christ) in the kingdom of heaven? The answer is an emphatic, no! To have a doctrine that postulates our possible loss of some reward if our works on earth are not up to standards, bridges on the heretical. Rather than have the Christian be motivated to persevere through love, this doctrine actually threatens our future reward at the bema seat based upon our good (or not so good) works. So despite all objections to the contrary, this is a doctrine that promotes "Merit" rather than "Grace," and it makes a total mockery of the passages (divinely inspired of God) that clearly demonstrate that our reward in heaven cannot be by both by Grace of God, and by our own merit.
Our labor is gracious only as it is through the work of Christ. There is no disagreement between God's Grace and human responsibility, but there can be no agreement between a merit system of rewards based upon our own works rather than the work of Christ in us. Neither should our responsibility be confused with human merit. But that is exactly what many of these theologians have done in formulating the bema seat judgment. Responsibility does not mean that Christians must in any way cooperate in their own perseverance in works. Nor does God motivate us to work through diverse crowns or rewards based on our effort. Those who misinterpret the scriptures that exhort work, do not truly understand why the Christian either wills or works. For the scriptures out of context, are pretext.
"Let us hold fast the profession of our faith without wavering; (for he is faithful that promised;)"
The exhortation to, "hold fast the profession of our faith without wavering," is not a proof of our indispensable cooperation, but an illustration of the necessary evidence of true salvation, which is the compulsory results inevitable when Christ is truly working within us. We are motivated by the Spirit, not by rewards. The fact of the matter is, of ourselves we merit no rewards. Because it is Christ's work in us by which we merit reward for our labors. Why then a bema seat judgment when we merit nothing of ourselves? Why such a doctrine when it is only by Grace of God that we merit the reward. For our own works are unprofitable without Christ, and would merit us no payment (translated, reward). The only reward we get is for the work that Christ has done for us.
Do you see any merit of reward in that verse? It is by the sovereignty of God that Christians are good servants and are moved to do the faithful work of Christ. It is by 'His Work' within us (not our own) that we both have the will to do, and are wherewithal to do it. What then is this bema seat a test or judgment of? God's own work in us? If that is the case, then we shall all receive a full reward, because Christ's work is a perfect work in us. All credit goes to Him, and we thus merit nothing of our own. This is not mere speculation on our part, for God is not silent on this matter.
Make you perfect in every good work to do his will, working in you that which is wellpleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ; to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen."
"For we are labourers together with God: ye are God's husbandry, ye are God's building."
"But by the grace of God I am what I am: and his grace which was bestowed upon me was not in vain; but I laboured more abundantly than they all: yet not I, but the grace of God which was with me."
How then are we standing before the so-called bema seat being judged for doing good things that we cannot 'honestly' take any credit for? Because Christ is the one who moved us to do that which we (in our sinful nature) would never do on our own? He gave us the will to do good. There is none that seeks after God, there is none that doeth good, no not one (Romans 3:12). We have to be moved of God to do good. That is how we find ourselves accomplishing good works after we are saved. But it is 'only' because the Spirit of God is now dwelling within us, making our body His habitation, His Holy temple, making us perfect in every good work that we do. What reward does a perfect man receive, and wow many rewards shall he lose for imperfection? Obviously, a full reward with none lost. Each good man in Christ, shall receive a good man's reward.
"The LORD recompense thy work, and a full reward be given thee of the LORD God of Israel, under whose wings thou art come to trust."
It is Biblically absurd to argue for additional personal rewards for the good that we do, or loss of them as Judgment for any imperfection (which is sin), while all the while arguing that it is not a Judgment for sin. If we are not perfect in our works, we are in sin. It was for this reason that Christ went to the cross that we "could" appear before Him blameless, perfect, and without fault in all our works, and that we "could" appear before the bema seat and be judged according to the work of Christ.
The bema seat is not to punish believers I agree, but it is not to reward anyone based on his individual righteousness (meritorious works) either, for we are all worthy of a full reward of inheritance because we are all without fault. If any of our works could be faulted as imperfect, it would constitute sin. The wages of sin is death, not the loss of rewards or diverse payments. All our punishment was paid for by Christ at the cross, and our full reward was "secured" for us by that very same work.
"Knowing that of the Lord ye shall receive the reward of the inheritance: for ye serve the Lord Christ."
Their belief is that if every man is rewarded according to his own work, then believers shall receive different rewards. The problem with this assumption is that this scripture doesn't say believers, it says every man. In other words, one man will receive reward for good, and the other shall receive the reward for bad. Two different rewards, but for two different men. You see they totally misunderstand and thus misapply this verse. The wicked are paid (translated rewarded) also. What shall their wages or reward be? It will be God's wrath.
Let's look at the word translated reward. It is the Greek word [misthos], and means payment or wages for work. Thus (as it declares) every man shall be rewarded according to his own work. Whether it is good or bad.
"And shall receive the reward of unrighteousness, as they that count it pleasure to riot in the day time. Spots they are and blemishes, sporting themselves with their own deceivings while they feast with you;"
That is the exact same word [misthos] meaning payment or reward for our labors. The wicked receive for his work the reward of damnation, and the righteous receive for his work, the reward of the inheritance of sons in everlasting life. That is how Christ gives to every man according to his own work, whether good or bad. Because when every Christian is rewarded according to his work, then every one of them shall receive the exact same reward, seeing how every work of the man of God is without blemish. Every single one. God looks upon us all as blameless, and so how could any of us merit less than another? It is impossible.
"That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works."
"These are they which were not defiled with women; for they are virgins. These are they which follow the Lamb whithersoever he goeth. These were redeemed from among men, being the firstfruits unto God and to the Lamb.
And in their mouth was found no guile: for they are without fault before the throne of God."
God declares that they stand without fault before the King, and so how could one be faulted that he not receive the same reward that another receives? It is totally unbiblical to believe that one is better than another to be given greater rewards at the bema seat. When we are rewarded according to our own works. One (the reprobate) is rewarded according to 'his own' evil work, and the other (the believer) is rewarded according to the work of Christ on his behalf. He thus receives a full reward. There is no way to escape the obvious implication that our rewards would be earned by our own righteous good deeds in this untenable theory of the bema seat. All we can say to that is, "God forbid!"
Another passage that is often quoted by the proponents of meritorious rewards, is Matthew chapter six. The idea is that God is saying that we should all labor to heap up rewards in heaven.
For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also."
Some theologians use this verse to teach that not only does this justify individual meritorious rewards at the Bema seat, but it tells us to pursue them. But again, that is a careless reading of the text. First of all, this verse does not in any sense teach that believers will receive varying rewards depending upon their own merit, it does not even mention the bema seat, and it does not tell us to pursue such rewards (payments). Rather, it points out the uselessness of possessing earthly "treasures," and the glory of laying up spiritual "treasures" that are incorruptible. The incorruptible treasure in view is Christ, a spiritual reward that will be in us a tree of life. Not a meritorious reward or payment because we have evangelized so greatly, or worked so much harder than the next Christian in the mission field. We lay up for ourselves treasure in heaven when we become rich in Christ.
"For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.
But we have this treasure in earthen vessels, that the excellency of the power may be of God, and not of us."
If this treasure is judged at the bema seat, then again, all the credit goes to God, for all the treasure laid up is by the power of God. What merit then is of our own righteousness in our work? There is none. If our treasure is in Christ's work, our reward is in Christ's work. Better than anything we 'of ourselves' could dream of meriting by our own labor.
The fact is, there really is no bema seat judgment for handing out rewards versus a later White Throne Judgment to hand out punishments. The Bible is clear that there is one Judgment of Christ, and it takes place at the last day. It is then that man will stand before the Judgment seat of Christ to give account of what he has done on earth, whether good or bad. And of course, all those who were washed clean in the blood of Christ stand before God clean and white with 'good' works that are faultless. While the rest of the dead stand with 'bad' works, and are found guilty in their works of sin.
With all of this evidence of our reward in Christ, one may ask, "why is there this belief by some Christians in multiple Judgments?" The answer is twofold.
One: Man in his pride and vanity wants credit for what he thinks he has done of his own (alleged) free will.
Two: Premillennial (and particularly dispensational) theologians, of necessity must create more than one Judgment because they have Christ returning more than once. If Christ returns only once (at the last day), their need for multiple judgments disappear.
The Premillennial eschatology of a thousand year reign of Christ on earth necessitates a double Judgment. For they have some judged for rewards before the thousand years, and some judged after the thousand years. This is problematic if there is a pretribulation rapture and no bema seat Judgment.
Some will ask, 'Why then does God call where He is seated in Revelation chapter 20, the [thronos] or throne, and in other places say the Judgment [bema] or seat.' The answer is actually very simple. God's Word is replete with symbolism, figures and word images or pictures that vary signifying or illustrating some particular spiritual truth. Some chapters and verses may be illustrating one aspect of God (such as, being the King who rules upon the throne), while others chapters and verses may be illustrating another aspect of God (such as his position seated as Judge to mete out punishment). There really is no mystery in this. No more than the mystery of how in one chapter God calls Himself the Lamb, and in another chapter the Lion. One signifies His meekness and sacrifice, and the other His power and Strength. It doesn't mean it's two different Gods. In one verse Christ is called the Root, and in another the Vine. In one He's called the Bread, and in another the Water. There is no mystery, nor is it curious that God in one verse calls His chair the Judgment seat, and in another the throne of God. They signify different aspects of God's magnificent nature and design. Judgment and Kingship.
Surely, it should be self evident that there is only one time of Judgment, and that day is spoken of in scripture as "the last day." It is the day when judgment will take place for all people. There are no multiple Judgment days, although many theologians have gone to great lengths in an effort to prove that there are. One of the most popular scriptures used in support of this teaching is Romans chapter 14. This even though it says nothing about multiple judgments days, nor of this being a judgment of rewards for saints only.
"But why dost thou judge thy brother? or why dost thou set at nought thy brother? for we shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ."
This verse doesn't in any way defend or prove the theory that there are two judgments. The only way that we can see the doctrine of two separate judgment times in this verse is if we "read it into" these scriptures. Because it was obviously not inspired of God to be written there. Moreover, we have the identical language in 2nd Corinthians, and it is clear from this text that it is a time of Judgment both for the good and the bad alike. Not coincidentally, this is totally harmonious with what we've already learned when looking at the actual word "bema" and its example uses for judgment for those at a tribunal.
"Wherefore we labour, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him.
Knowing therefore the terror of the Lord, we persuade men; but we are made manifest unto God; and I trust also are made manifest in your consciences."
The terror of the Lord doesn't sound to me like a time of rewards for Christians. This Judgment seat [bema] is the same one all mankind must stand before. We know Christians cannot be judged for anything bad (this verse clearly says this Judgment is also for that). So this passage must be illustrating one Judgment of those the Lord will find good (those made righteous), and those whom the Lord will find bad (the unsaved in whom is sin), when they All stand before this Judgment seat. Not only all believers (as is surmised), but all both good and bad.
And so knowing all these things, let us go forth with confidence that all our sins (bad works) were made white as snow by Christ at the cross that we could never be held accountable for anything less than perfect works when we stand before the seat of Christ. Let us have the confidence to know that while all 'our own' righteous works are as filthy rags before God, the righteous work of Christ in us make us perfect before Him. Confidence to know that while our own prayers may be imperfect (as we are finite beings), the burnt offering of the sacrifice of Christ brings them up before the Lord as a sweet incense (Romans 8:26; Revelation 8:3). Let us not get caught up in seeking our own rewards before a bema seat, but trust in the reward of Christ, the inheritance that the Son secured for us by His own work. Let us not set our eyes upon gain, diverse reigns, or prideful lusts for rewards, but upon the riches which cannot be earned by us. The treasures which are received by faith. Let us trust in the work of Christ wherein we can never go wrong. For it is then that we will understand that when we stand before the bema seat Judgment, we will stand a 'Righteous Man,' a man perfect in every way before God, having a Savior who has delivered him a full inheritance, a full reward by His work.
We pray that the Lord, who is Gracious above all, will give us the wisdom to understand His most Holy Word, and discern between the right hand and the left.
-------------------------*--------------------------- Feel free to duplicate, print, display or distribute this publication to anyone so long as the copyright notice remains intact and there are no changes made to the article. This publication can be distributed only in its original, unedited form, and without charge.


text:
Instructions to Set Up an Office Pool For NFL Playoffs and Other Sporting Events
August 2, 2022 by Charlie
Office pools are laid back fun that requests to avid supporters and non-avid supporters the same. On the off chance that your working environment has never facilitated a wagering pool, or on the other hand on the off chance that you've been approached to act as "chief" this Super Bowl season, there are a couple of things you really want to be aware to make for a triumphant, confidence building occasion.
First and in particular, be certain you're not disrupting any norms: neither the betting laws of your state nor the rules of your work environment. Then, let the tomfoolery start!
This individual who runs the workplace pool is typically called the "chief." But don't get excessively brimming with yourself: Being the official isn't all pointless https://www.koobit.com/manchester-storm-v-dundee-stars-e9595 fooling around. In addition to the fact that you need to monitor the game details, you should likewise ensure the members are getting their picks and cash in on time. (The magistrate is normally likewise permitted to take part in the wagering.)
The most widely recognized time for office pools is during the NFL end of the season games paving the way to the Super Bowl, or NCAA ball's March Madness, yet pools may likewise be held for hockey, school games or for all intents and purposes some other occasion.
Essentially seven days before the end of the season games, the magistrate ought to start to gather together the players, being certain to welcome everybody to take an interest. (Office pools ought to be a welcome getaway from workplace issues!) Make sure everybody concurs upon the game arrangement and betting sums.
In the event that you're facilitating a NFL end of the season games pool, you'll have to make a Super Bowl section or find one to download and print on the web. In 2009, the AFC and NFC divisional end of the season games start Jan. 10, and the season finishes with the Super Bowl on Feb. 1. For each game, have members say which group they think will win (and, maybe, the point spread) and as the games are played monitor who's triumphant both among the master football crews and in the workplace pool.
Another normal office pool game is the wagering lattice. Contingent upon the quantity of individuals playing in your office, make or find online an office pool network with 25, 50 or 100 squares. Put down a boundary (which you can raise after everybody has had a shot) on the number of squares every player that can purchase, as well as a cost. ($1 to $5 per square is normal.) Have every member compose their name in the square(s) bought. When the lattice is full, arbitrarily attract numbers from 0 to 9 and think of them across the highest point of the network. Then, at that point, draw once more and compose the new numbers along the left edge of the framework. Make duplicates of the network for everybody to bring back home so they can follow it on game day. The last digit of the score at each quarter, the half and the last score counts. The champ is the player whose name is where the two groups' scores meet on the X and Y framework. Concur ahead of time the way that the result will be parted among champs.
You can likewise utilize printable competition sections all year if your office softball (or different games) group partakes in single-end or twofold disposal competitions, or for individual or association use. Search for layouts that are in PDF or .DOC (Microsoft Word) structure so you can compose on or tweak them as the competition advances.
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text:
The Christian National Union was a political party in Latvia in the inter-war period.

History
The party was established in 1920, and won three seats in the 1920 Constitutional Assembly elections. It went on to win four seats in the 1st Saeima after the 1922 elections, but was reduced to two seats in the 2nd Saeima after the 1925 elections. It won four seats again in the 1928 elections, but only three in the 4th Saeima elections of 1931.

Ideology
The party advocated Lutheranism as the basis for governance and also supported prohibition. It usually sat in the Saeima alongside the National Union, the Party for Peace and Order and some Latgalian parties, in a grouping known as the "National Bloc".

References

Defunct political parties in Latvia
Political parties established in 1920
Protestant political parties

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The 2000 Thurrock Council election took place on 4 May 2000 to elect members of Thurrock Council in Essex, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Labour party stayed in overall control of the council.

After the election, the composition of the council was
Labour 38
Conservative 10
Vacant 1

Election result

Ward results

References

2000
2000 English local elections
2000s in Essex


jsslifelike Guests On The "Pun-funny" Nintendo-Okie Podcast | The Gamesmen- What role will YOU play?
Puns, puns, puns. This show is full of all kinds of quality jokes. Not only that, but we talk about video games too. With Micah out to some sort of real-life activity, we call in Mr. Steve Conger from thegamesmen.com to help us out. After this show is over you can expect to be smarter about Xenoblade Chronicles, Kid Icarus: Uprising and Zen Pinball 3D. And as always, you will get the latest in our obsession with the Uprising AR cards.


The passing of your XBOX is something you'll never recover from if you don't act now. Without it, there's no way to fill in the time that you would normally spend working. I've heard it is possible to sell children on Craigslist but in this case it may be easier to just trade one for a new XBOX. Unless you need a new game of course, then go for a cash deal.
In these cases it is often best to cease communication. Some forms of dementia come with a terrible price. Not talking leads to not forgetting what you are talking about. The confidence gained from not forgetting will make you feel better about yourself. Now I need to figure out how to get my wife to follow this advice during football games.
This entry was posted in Advice and tagged Bad advice, Craigslist, Dr.Steve, Games, Humor, Microsoft, Satire, The Not Really News Blog, Video Games, XBOX by Steve Kallio. Bookmark the permalink.
How 'bout a word from your wife. Primary source material is all that counts in an unauthorized biography.
I think that's wise. Selective amnesia often comes in handy over the course of a LTR. Watch out for sharp edges, anyway, Steve.
Just can't remember what I had….
That's great!!! No more, um, uh, whatever it was.


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Day: 12 November, 2015
La Soirée, Southbank Centre
Southbank Centre has a spiegeltent in residence under the Hungerford Bridge; it's a sexy, glam, velvet and mirrored thing miles away from shabby travelling circuses with tired acts. It's a fitting home for La Soirée, a heady mix of circus, cabaret and variety performance from around the world. Each act has a distinct character combined with extraordinary skill sets, often leaning towards adult and edgier content. Though the characters created as a vehicle for the skills on display generally rely on stereotypes, this doesn't diminish the impressiveness of the techniques. The sumptuous environment and range of talent on show makes for a frivolous, fun night of light entertainment with heaping dose of sex appeal.
Though not solely circus, La Soirée seems to focus on circus arts and use other performance styles to add variation. They also change the lineup on a regular basis, so any given night is unique. These artists are multi-skilled, too: The English Gents are a pair of balancing acrobats, who separately are a bubble artist and a pole dancer. Captain Frodo contorts himself through tennis racquets as well as doing a bit of comedy magic. My favourite is Asher Treleaven, who has a sexual Diablo routine as well as a side-splittingly funny stand up act around a Mills & Boon novel. Then there's a hoop artist, an aerialist using a single strap and a hand balancer on a motorbike. A singer, and modern clown/comedian Mooky with a double act composed of herself and a willing audience member complete the lineup. All of these performances take place on a tiny round stage, no more than 2 metres across.
There's plenty of subversion in the event, as there always has been in circus – the exotic on display for the everyday Joe to get a glimpse at those who are unwilling or unable to conform to the status quo. From large tattoos and a lesbian kiss, to deliberately dislocated joints and extreme flexibility, that "otherness" is still very much present, even though its more mild forms no longer shock us. That subversion is sexy, titillating and occasionally grotesque, making the groups of business people on corporate outings squirm as well as gasp. It's so easy to be impressed by the physical abilities, but the additional layers of characterization make these acts stand out from others I've seen previously. I don't see much circus, cabaret or variety, but La Soirée has such a high quality range of acts that it's hard not to be impressed.
The Play's The Thing UK is an independent theatre criticism website maintained voluntarily. Whilst donations are never expected, they are hugely appreciated and will enable more time to be spent reviewing theatre productions of all sizes. Click here to make a donation with PayPal.
12 November, 2015 laurakressly	acrobatics, cabaret, circus, comedy, music, Southbank Centre, variety	1 Comment